Sample records for morse code letter

  1. A new brain-computer interface design using fuzzy ARTMAP.

    PubMed

    Palaniappan, Ramaswamy; Paramesran, Raveendran; Nishida, Shogo; Saiwaki, Naoki

    2002-09-01

    This paper proposes a new brain-computer interface (BCI) design using fuzzy ARTMAP (FA) neural network, as well as an application of the design. The objective of this BCI-FA design is to classify the best three of the five available mental tasks for each subject using power spectral density (PSD) values of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. These PSD values are extracted using the Wiener-Khinchine and autoregressive methods. Ten experiments employing different triplets of mental tasks are studied for each subject. The findings show that the average BCI-FA outputs for four subjects gave less than 6% of error using the best triplets of mental tasks identified from the classification performances of FA. This implies that the BCI-FA can be successfully used with a tri-state switching device. As an application, a proposed tri-state Morse code scheme could be utilized to translate the outputs of this BCI-FA design into English letters. In this scheme, the three BCI-FA outputs correspond to a dot and a dash, which are the two basic Morse code alphabets and a space to denote the end (or beginning) of a dot or a dash. The construction of English letters using this tri-state Morse code scheme is determined only by the sequence of mental tasks and is independent of the time duration of each mental task. This is especially useful for constructing letters that are represented as multiple dots or dashes. This combination of BCI-FA design and the tri-state Morse code scheme could be developed as a communication system for paralyzed patients.

  2. 14 CFR Appendix B to Part 63 - Flight Navigator Training Course Requirements

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... include additional subjects in the ground training curriculum, such as international law, flight hygiene... weather reports. Forecasting. International Morse code: Ability to receive code groups of letters and... school subjects. (3) Each instructor who conducts flight training must hold a valid flight navigator...

  3. Nano-encrypted Morse code: a versatile approach to programmable and reversible nanoscale assembly and disassembly.

    PubMed

    Wong, Ngo Yin; Xing, Hang; Tan, Li Huey; Lu, Yi

    2013-02-27

    While much work has been devoted to nanoscale assembly of functional materials, selective reversible assembly of components in the nanoscale pattern at selective sites has received much less attention. Exerting such a reversible control of the assembly process will make it possible to fine-tune the functional properties of the assembly and to realize more complex designs. Herein, by taking advantage of different binding affinities of biotin and desthiobiotin toward streptavidin, we demonstrate selective and reversible decoration of DNA origami tiles with streptavidin, including revealing an encrypted Morse code "NANO" and reversible exchange of uppercase letter "I" with lowercase "i". The yields of the conjugations are high (>90%), and the process is reversible. We expect this versatile conjugation technique to be widely applicable with different nanomaterials and templates.

  4. Nano-Encrypted Morse Code: A Versatile Approach to Programmable and Reversible Nanoscale Assembly and Disassembly

    PubMed Central

    Wong, Ngo Yin; Xing, Hang; Tan, Li Huey; Lu, Yi

    2013-01-01

    While much work has been devoted to nanoscale assembly of functional materials, selective reversible assembly of components in the nanoscale pattern at selective sites has received much less attention. Exerting such a reversible control of the assembly process will make it possible to fine-tune the functional properties of the assembly and to realize more complex designs. Herein, by taking advantage of different binding affinities of biotin and desthiobiotin toward streptavidin, we demonstrate selective and reversible decoration of DNA origami tiles with streptavidin, including revealing an encrypted Morse code “NANO” and reversible exchange of uppercase letter “I” with lowercase “i”. The yields of the conjugations are high (> 90%) and the process is reversible. We expect this versatile conjugation technique to be widely applicable with different nanomaterials and templates. PMID:23373425

  5. From perceptual to lexico-semantic analysis--cortical plasticity enabling new levels of processing.

    PubMed

    Schlaffke, Lara; Rüther, Naima N; Heba, Stefanie; Haag, Lauren M; Schultz, Thomas; Rosengarth, Katharina; Tegenthoff, Martin; Bellebaum, Christian; Schmidt-Wilcke, Tobias

    2015-11-01

    Certain kinds of stimuli can be processed on multiple levels. While the neural correlates of different levels of processing (LOPs) have been investigated to some extent, most of the studies involve skills and/or knowledge already present when performing the task. In this study we specifically sought to identify neural correlates of an evolving skill that allows the transition from perceptual to a lexico-semantic stimulus analysis. Eighteen participants were trained to decode 12 letters of Morse code that were presented acoustically inside and outside of the scanner environment. Morse code was presented in trains of three letters while brain activity was assessed with fMRI. Participants either attended to the stimulus length (perceptual analysis), or evaluated its meaning distinguishing words from nonwords (lexico-semantic analysis). Perceptual and lexico-semantic analyses shared a mutual network comprising the left premotor cortex, the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Perceptual analysis was associated with a strong brain activation in the SMA and the superior temporal gyrus bilaterally (STG), which remained unaltered from pre and post training. In the lexico-semantic analysis post learning, study participants showed additional activation in the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and in the left occipitotemporal cortex (OTC), regions known to be critically involved in lexical processing. Our data provide evidence for cortical plasticity evolving with a learning process enabling the transition from perceptual to lexico-semantic stimulus analysis. Importantly, the activation pattern remains task-related LOP and is thus the result of a decision process as to which LOP to engage in. © 2015 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  6. From perceptual to lexico‐semantic analysis—cortical plasticity enabling new levels of processing

    PubMed Central

    Schlaffke, Lara; Rüther, Naima N.; Heba, Stefanie; Haag, Lauren M.; Schultz, Thomas; Rosengarth, Katharina; Tegenthoff, Martin; Bellebaum, Christian

    2015-01-01

    Abstract Certain kinds of stimuli can be processed on multiple levels. While the neural correlates of different levels of processing (LOPs) have been investigated to some extent, most of the studies involve skills and/or knowledge already present when performing the task. In this study we specifically sought to identify neural correlates of an evolving skill that allows the transition from perceptual to a lexico‐semantic stimulus analysis. Eighteen participants were trained to decode 12 letters of Morse code that were presented acoustically inside and outside of the scanner environment. Morse code was presented in trains of three letters while brain activity was assessed with fMRI. Participants either attended to the stimulus length (perceptual analysis), or evaluated its meaning distinguishing words from nonwords (lexico‐semantic analysis). Perceptual and lexico‐semantic analyses shared a mutual network comprising the left premotor cortex, the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Perceptual analysis was associated with a strong brain activation in the SMA and the superior temporal gyrus bilaterally (STG), which remained unaltered from pre and post training. In the lexico‐semantic analysis post learning, study participants showed additional activation in the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and in the left occipitotemporal cortex (OTC), regions known to be critically involved in lexical processing. Our data provide evidence for cortical plasticity evolving with a learning process enabling the transition from perceptual to lexico‐semantic stimulus analysis. Importantly, the activation pattern remains task‐related LOP and is thus the result of a decision process as to which LOP to engage in. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4512–4528, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping Published byWiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID:26304153

  7. Fuzzy support vector machines for adaptive Morse code recognition.

    PubMed

    Yang, Cheng-Hong; Jin, Li-Cheng; Chuang, Li-Yeh

    2006-11-01

    Morse code is now being harnessed for use in rehabilitation applications of augmentative-alternative communication and assistive technology, facilitating mobility, environmental control and adapted worksite access. In this paper, Morse code is selected as a communication adaptive device for persons who suffer from muscle atrophy, cerebral palsy or other severe handicaps. A stable typing rate is strictly required for Morse code to be effective as a communication tool. Therefore, an adaptive automatic recognition method with a high recognition rate is needed. The proposed system uses both fuzzy support vector machines and the variable-degree variable-step-size least-mean-square algorithm to achieve these objectives. We apply fuzzy memberships to each point, and provide different contributions to the decision learning function for support vector machines. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the proposed method elicited a higher recognition rate than other algorithms in the literature.

  8. Morse Monte Carlo Radiation Transport Code System

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Emmett, M.B.

    1975-02-01

    The report contains sections containing descriptions of the MORSE and PICTURE codes, input descriptions, sample problems, deviations of the physical equations and explanations of the various error messages. The MORSE code is a multipurpose neutron and gamma-ray transport Monte Carlo code. Time dependence for both shielding and criticality problems is provided. General three-dimensional geometry may be used with an albedo option available at any material surface. The PICTURE code provide aid in preparing correct input data for the combinatorial geometry package CG. It provides a printed view of arbitrary two-dimensional slices through the geometry. By inspecting these pictures one maymore » determine if the geometry specified by the input cards is indeed the desired geometry. 23 refs. (WRF)« less

  9. The Morse code effect: A crystal-crystal transformation observed in gel-grown lead (II) oxalate crystals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lisgarten, J. N.; Marks, J. A.

    2018-05-01

    This paper reports on an unusual crystal-crystal transformation phenomenon, which we have called the Morse Code Effect, based on the change in appearance of lead(II) oxalate crystals grown in agarose gels.

  10. A New Image Encryption Technique Combining Hill Cipher Method, Morse Code and Least Significant Bit Algorithm

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nofriansyah, Dicky; Defit, Sarjon; Nurcahyo, Gunadi W.; Ganefri, G.; Ridwan, R.; Saleh Ahmar, Ansari; Rahim, Robbi

    2018-01-01

    Cybercrime is one of the most serious threats. Efforts are made to reduce the number of cybercrime is to find new techniques in securing data such as Cryptography, Steganography and Watermarking combination. Cryptography and Steganography is a growing data security science. A combination of Cryptography and Steganography is one effort to improve data integrity. New techniques are used by combining several algorithms, one of which is the incorporation of hill cipher method and Morse code. Morse code is one of the communication codes used in the Scouting field. This code consists of dots and lines. This is a new modern and classic concept to maintain data integrity. The result of the combination of these three methods is expected to generate new algorithms to improve the security of the data, especially images.

  11. Juno: Morse code "HI" received from Earth

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2017-03-22

    During its close flyby of Earth in 2013, NASA's Jupiter-bound Juno spacecraft listened for -- and heard -- a coordinated, global transmission from amateur radio operators using its radio and plasma wave science instrument. The message said "HI" in Morse code. More details about this sound can be found here: photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA17744

  12. The Prediction of Performance in Navy Signalman Class "A" School. TAEG Report No. 90.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mew, Dorothy V.

    A study designed to develop a selection model for the prediction of Signalman performance in sending and receiving Morse code and to evaluate training strategies was conducted with 180 Navy and Coast Guard enlisted men. Trainees were taught to send Morse code using innovative training materials (mnemonics and guided practice). High and average…

  13. Musical Experience Influences Statistical Learning of a Novel Language

    PubMed Central

    Shook, Anthony; Marian, Viorica; Bartolotti, James; Schroeder, Scott R.

    2014-01-01

    Musical experience may benefit learning a new language by enhancing the fidelity with which the auditory system encodes sound. In the current study, participants with varying degrees of musical experience were exposed to two statistically-defined languages consisting of auditory Morse-code sequences which varied in difficulty. We found an advantage for highly-skilled musicians, relative to less-skilled musicians, in learning novel Morse-code based words. Furthermore, in the more difficult learning condition, performance of lower-skilled musicians was mediated by their general cognitive abilities. We suggest that musical experience may lead to enhanced processing of statistical information and that musicians’ enhanced ability to learn statistical probabilities in a novel Morse-code language may extend to natural language learning. PMID:23505962

  14. Literal readout of identification signals in Morse code

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Meissner, C. W., Jr.

    1969-01-01

    Instrument, designed for mounting in aircraft instrument panels, decodes identification signals received in Morse from VOR or ILS transmitters as they are received and displays the literal equivalent. Without elaboration it cannot decode numbers.

  15. A STRUCTURAL THEORY FOR THE PERCEPTION OF MORSE CODE SIGNALS AND RELATED RHYTHMIC PATTERNS.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    WISH, MYRON

    THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF THIS DISSERTATION IS TO DEVELOP A STRUCTURAL THEORY, ALONG FACET-THEORETIC LINES, FOR THE PERCEPTION OF MORSE CODE SIGNALS AND RELATED RHYTHMIC PATTERNS. AS STEPS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS THEORY, MODELS FOR TWO SETS OF SIGNALS ARE PROPOSED AND TESTED. THE FIRST MODEL IS FOR A SET COMPRISED OF ALL SIGNALS OF THE…

  16. Counter-propagation network with variable degree variable step size LMS for single switch typing recognition.

    PubMed

    Yang, Cheng-Huei; Luo, Ching-Hsing; Yang, Cheng-Hong; Chuang, Li-Yeh

    2004-01-01

    Morse code is now being harnessed for use in rehabilitation applications of augmentative-alternative communication and assistive technology, including mobility, environmental control and adapted worksite access. In this paper, Morse code is selected as a communication adaptive device for disabled persons who suffer from muscle atrophy, cerebral palsy or other severe handicaps. A stable typing rate is strictly required for Morse code to be effective as a communication tool. This restriction is a major hindrance. Therefore, a switch adaptive automatic recognition method with a high recognition rate is needed. The proposed system combines counter-propagation networks with a variable degree variable step size LMS algorithm. It is divided into five stages: space recognition, tone recognition, learning process, adaptive processing, and character recognition. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the proposed method elicited a better recognition rate in comparison to alternative methods in the literature.

  17. Idiosyncratic Findings in Trichoscopy of Tinea Capitis: Comma, Zigzag Hairs, Corkscrew, and Morse Code-like Hair

    PubMed Central

    Elghblawi, Ebtisam

    2016-01-01

    Dermoscopy is a method of growing significance in the diagnoses of dermatological pigmented skin diseases. However, in my case, mycology culture was negative and successful treatment was given on the basis of trichoscopy and wood lamp examination. I hereby describe a young boy with tinea capitis, multiple “comma hairs” and “zigzag hair” and a subtle additional feature “Morse code-like hair” when intensification was applied. Dermatoscopic aspects found skin Type 2 in a child of as a distinctive dermoscopic finding. PMID:28442876

  18. Idiosyncratic Findings in Trichoscopy of Tinea Capitis: Comma, Zigzag Hairs, Corkscrew, and Morse Code-like Hair.

    PubMed

    Elghblawi, Ebtisam

    2016-01-01

    Dermoscopy is a method of growing significance in the diagnoses of dermatological pigmented skin diseases. However, in my case, mycology culture was negative and successful treatment was given on the basis of trichoscopy and wood lamp examination. I hereby describe a young boy with tinea capitis, multiple "comma hairs" and "zigzag hair" and a subtle additional feature "Morse code-like hair" when intensification was applied. Dermatoscopic aspects found skin Type 2 in a child of as a distinctive dermoscopic finding.

  19. A tactile-output paging communication system for the deaf-blind

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Baer, J. A.

    1979-01-01

    A radio frequency paging communication system that has coded vibrotactile outputs suitable for use by deaf-blind people was developed. In concept, the system consists of a base station transmitting and receiving unit and many on-body transmitting and receiving units. The completed system has seven operating modes: fire alarm; time signal; repeated single character Morse code; manual Morse code; emergency aid request; operational status test; and message acknowledge. The on-body units can be addressed in three ways: all units; a group of units; or an individual unit. All the functions developed were integrated into a single package that can be worn on the user's wrist. The control portion of the on-body unit is implemented by a microcomputer. The microcomputer is packaged in a custom-designed hybrid circuit to reduce its physical size.

  20. MIFT: GIFT Combinatorial Geometry Input to VCS Code

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-03-01

    r-w w-^ H ^ß0318is CQ BRL °RCUMr REPORT NO. 1967 —-S: ... MIFT: GIFT COMBINATORIAL GEOMETRY INPUT TO VCS CODE Albert E...TITLE (and Subtitle) MIFT: GIFT Combinatorial Geometry Input to VCS Code S. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED FINAL 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER...Vehicle Code System (VCS) called MORSE was modified to accept the GIFT combinatorial geometry package. GIFT , as opposed to the geometry package

  1. Skeletonization and Partitioning of Digital Images Using Discrete Morse Theory.

    PubMed

    Delgado-Friedrichs, Olaf; Robins, Vanessa; Sheppard, Adrian

    2015-03-01

    We show how discrete Morse theory provides a rigorous and unifying foundation for defining skeletons and partitions of grayscale digital images. We model a grayscale image as a cubical complex with a real-valued function defined on its vertices (the voxel values). This function is extended to a discrete gradient vector field using the algorithm presented in Robins, Wood, Sheppard TPAMI 33:1646 (2011). In the current paper we define basins (the building blocks of a partition) and segments of the skeleton using the stable and unstable sets associated with critical cells. The natural connection between Morse theory and homology allows us to prove the topological validity of these constructions; for example, that the skeleton is homotopic to the initial object. We simplify the basins and skeletons via Morse-theoretic cancellation of critical cells in the discrete gradient vector field using a strategy informed by persistent homology. Simple working Python code for our algorithms for efficient vector field traversal is included. Example data are taken from micro-CT images of porous materials, an application area where accurate topological models of pore connectivity are vital for fluid-flow modelling.

  2. EVALUATION OF AN INDIVIDUALLY PACED COURSE FOR AIRBORNE RADIO CODE OPERATORS. FINAL REPORT.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    BALDWIN, ROBERT O.; JOHNSON, KIRK A.

    IN THIS STUDY COMPARISONS WERE MADE BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUALLY PACED VERSION OF THE AIRBORNE RADIO CODE OPERATOR (ARCO) COURSE AND TWO VERSIONS OF THE COURSE IN WHICH THE STUDENTS PROGRESSED AT A FIXED PACE. THE ARCO COURSE IS A CLASS C SCHOOL IN WHICH THE STUDENT LEARNS TO SEND AND RECEIVE MILITARY MESSAGES USING THE INTERNATIONAL MORSE CODE. THE…

  3. Reading the Rover Tracks

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-29

    The straight lines in Curiosity zigzag track marks are Morse code for JPL. The footprint is an important reference mark that the rover can use to drive more precisely via a system called visual odometry.

  4. Market study: Tactile paging system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1977-01-01

    A market survey was conducted regarding the commercialization potential and key market factors relevant to a tactile paging system for deaf-blind people. The purpose of the tactile paging system is to communicate to the deaf-blind people in an institutional environment. The system consists of a main console and individual satellite wrist units. The console emits three signals by telemetry to the wrist com (receiving unit) which will measure approximately 2 x 4 x 3/4 inches and will be fastened to the wrist by a strap. The three vibration signals are fire alarm, time period indication, and a third signal which will alert the wearer of the wrist com to the fact that the pin on the top of the wrist is emitting a morse coded message. The Morse code message can be felt and recognized with the finger.

  5. A novel Morse code-inspired method for multiclass motor imagery brain-computer interface (BCI) design.

    PubMed

    Jiang, Jun; Zhou, Zongtan; Yin, Erwei; Yu, Yang; Liu, Yadong; Hu, Dewen

    2015-11-01

    Motor imagery (MI)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) allow disabled individuals to control external devices voluntarily, helping us to restore lost motor functions. However, the number of control commands available in MI-based BCIs remains limited, limiting the usability of BCI systems in control applications involving multiple degrees of freedom (DOF), such as control of a robot arm. To address this problem, we developed a novel Morse code-inspired method for MI-based BCI design to increase the number of output commands. Using this method, brain activities are modulated by sequences of MI (sMI) tasks, which are constructed by alternately imagining movements of the left or right hand or no motion. The codes of the sMI task was detected from EEG signals and mapped to special commands. According to permutation theory, an sMI task with N-length allows 2 × (2(N)-1) possible commands with the left and right MI tasks under self-paced conditions. To verify its feasibility, the new method was used to construct a six-class BCI system to control the arm of a humanoid robot. Four subjects participated in our experiment and the averaged accuracy of the six-class sMI tasks was 89.4%. The Cohen's kappa coefficient and the throughput of our BCI paradigm are 0.88 ± 0.060 and 23.5bits per minute (bpm), respectively. Furthermore, all of the subjects could operate an actual three-joint robot arm to grasp an object in around 49.1s using our approach. These promising results suggest that the Morse code-inspired method could be used in the design of BCIs for multi-DOF control. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  6. Benchmarked analyses of gamma skyshine using MORSE-CGA-PC and the DABL69 cross-section set

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Reichert, P.T.; Golshani, M.

    1991-01-01

    Design for gamma-ray skyshine is a common consideration for a variety of nuclear and accelerator facilities. Many of these designs can benefit from a more accurate and complete treatment than can be provided by simple skyshine analysis tools. Those methods typically require a number of conservative, simplifying assumptions in modeling the radiation source and shielding geometry. This paper considers the benchmarking of one analytical option. The MORSE-CGA Monte Carlo radiation transport code system provides the capability for detailed treatment of virtually any source and shielding geometry. Unfortunately, the mainframe computer costs of MORSE-CGA analyses can prevent cost-effective application to smallmore » projects. For this reason, the MORSE-CGA system was converted to run on IBM personal computer (PC)-compatible computers using the Intel 80386 or 80486 microprocessors. The DLC-130/DABL69 cross-section set (46n,23g) was chosen as the most suitable, readily available, broad-group library. The most important reason is the relatively high (P{sub 5}) Legendre order of expansion for angular distribution. This is likely to be beneficial in the deep-penetration conditions modeled in some skyshine problems.« less

  7. 47 CFR 95.119 - Station identification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... station identification is the call sign assigned to the GMRS station or system. (c) A unit number may be...: (1) Voice in the English language; or (2) International Morse code telegraphy. (e) A station need not...

  8. A new communications technique for the nonvocal person, using the Apple II Computer.

    PubMed

    Seamone, W

    1982-01-01

    The purpose of this paper is to describe a technique for nonvocal personal communication for the severely handicapped person, using the Apple II computer system and standard commercially available software diskettes (Visi-Calc). The user's input in a pseudo-Morse code is generated via minute chin motions or limited finger motions applied to a suitable configured two-switch device, and input via the JHU/APL Morse code interface card. The commands and features of the program's row-column matrix, originally intended and widely used for financial management, are used here to call up and modify a large array of stored sentences which can be useful in personal communication. It is not known at this time if the system is in fact cost-effective for the sole purpose of nonvocal communication, since system tradeoff studies have not been made relative to other techniques. However, in some instances an Apple computer may be already available for other purposes at the institution or in the home, and the system described could simply be another utilization of that personal computer. In any case, the system clearly does not meet the requirement of portability. No special components (except for the JHU/APL Morse interface card) and no special programming experience are required to duplicate the communications technique described.

  9. Curiosity Leaves Its Mark

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-08-29

    This image shows a close-up of track marks from the first test drive of NASA Curiosity rover. The rover arm is visible in the foreground. A close inspection of the tracks reveals a unique, repeating pattern: Morse code for JPL.

  10. Morse Code, Scrabble, and the Alphabet

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Richardson, Mary; Gabrosek, John; Reischman, Diann; Curtiss, Phyliss

    2004-01-01

    In this paper we describe an interactive activity that illustrates simple linear regression. Students collect data and analyze it using simple linear regression techniques taught in an introductory applied statistics course. The activity is extended to illustrate checks for regression assumptions and regression diagnostics taught in an…

  11. Contrasting Five Different Theories of Letter Position Coding: Evidence from Orthographic Similarity Effects

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Davis, Colin J.; Bowers, Jeffrey S.

    2006-01-01

    Five theories of how letter position is coded are contrasted: position-specific slot-coding, Wickelcoding, open-bigram coding (discrete and continuous), and spatial coding. These theories make different predictions regarding the relative similarity of three different types of pairs of letter strings: substitution neighbors,…

  12. 47 CFR 80.169 - Operators required to adjust transmitters or radar.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... radar. 80.169 Section 80.169 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND... Requirements § 80.169 Operators required to adjust transmitters or radar. (a) All adjustments of radio... transmitting Morse code. (c) Only persons holding an operator certificate containing a ship radar endorsement...

  13. 47 CFR 80.169 - Operators required to adjust transmitters or radar.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... radar. 80.169 Section 80.169 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND... Requirements § 80.169 Operators required to adjust transmitters or radar. (a) All adjustments of radio... transmitting Morse code. (c) Only persons holding an operator certificate containing a ship radar endorsement...

  14. 47 CFR 80.169 - Operators required to adjust transmitters or radar.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... radar. 80.169 Section 80.169 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) SAFETY AND... Requirements § 80.169 Operators required to adjust transmitters or radar. (a) All adjustments of radio... transmitting Morse code. (c) Only persons holding an operator certificate containing a ship radar endorsement...

  15. Letter order is not coded by open bigrams

    PubMed Central

    Kinoshita, Sachiko; Norris, Dennis

    2013-01-01

    Open bigram (OB) models (e.g., SERIOL: Whitney, 2001, 2008; Binary OB, Grainger & van Heuven, 2003; Overlap OB, Grainger et al., 2006; Local combination detector model, Dehaene et al., 2005) posit that letter order in a word is coded by a set of ordered letter pairs. We report three experiments using bigram primes in the same-different match task, investigating the effects of order reversal and the number of letters intervening between the letters in the target. Reversed bigrams (e.g., fo-OF, ob-ABOLISH) produced robust priming, in direct contradiction to the assumption that letter order is coded by the presence of ordered letter pairs. Also in contradiction to the core assumption of current open bigram models, non-contiguous bigrams spanning three letters in the target (e.g., bs-ABOLISH) showed robust priming effects, equivalent in size to contiguous bigrams (e.g., bo-ABOLISH). These results question the role of open bigrams in coding letter order. PMID:23914048

  16. What Do Letter Migration Errors Reveal About Letter Position Coding in Visual Word Recognition?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Davis, Colin J.; Bowers, Jeffrey S.

    2004-01-01

    Dividing attention across multiple words occasionally results in misidentifications whereby letters apparently migrate between words. Previous studies have found that letter migrations preserve within-word letter position, which has been interpreted as support for position-specific letter coding. To investigate this issue, the authors used word…

  17. Parafoveal letter-position coding in reading.

    PubMed

    Snell, Joshua; Bertrand, Daisy; Grainger, Jonathan

    2018-05-01

    The masked-priming lexical decision task has been the paradigm of choice for investigating how readers code for letter identity and position. Insight into the temporal integration of information between prime and target words has pointed out, among other things, that readers do not code for the absolute position of letters. This conception has spurred various accounts of the word recognition process, but the results at present do not favor one account in particular. Thus, employing a new strategy, the present study moves out of the arena of temporal- and into the arena of spatial information integration. We present two lexical decision experiments that tested how the processing of six-letter target words is influenced by simultaneously presented flanking stimuli (each stimulus was presented for 150 ms). We manipulated the orthographic relatedness between the targets and flankers, in terms of both letter identity (same/different letters based on the target's outer/inner letters) and letter position (intact/reversed order of letters and of flankers, contiguous/noncontiguous flankers). Target processing was strongly facilitated by same-letter flankers, and this facilitatory effect was modulated by both letter/flanker order and contiguity. However, when the flankers consisted of the target's inner-positioned letters alone, letter order no longer mattered. These findings suggest that readers may code for the relative position of letters using words' edges as spatial points of reference. We conclude that the flanker paradigm provides a fruitful means to investigate letter-position coding in the fovea and parafovea.

  18. Einstein coefficients and oscillator strengths for low lying state of CO molecules

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Swer, S.; Syiemiong, A.; Ram, M.; Jha, A. K.; Saxena, A.

    2018-04-01

    Einstein Coefficients and Oscillator Strengths for different state of CO molecule have been calculated using LEROY'S LEVEL program and MOLCAS ab initio code. Using the wave function derived from Morse potential and transition dipole moment obtained from ab initio calculation, The potential energy functions were computed for these states using the spectroscopic constants. The Morse potential of these states and electronic transition dipole moment of the transition calculated in a recent ab initio study have been used in LEVEL program to produce transition dipole matrix element for a large number of bands. Einstein Coefficients have also been used to compute the radiative lifetimes of several vibrational levels and the calculated values are compared with other theoretical results and experimental values.

  19. High-Frequency Learning.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hollenbeck, Michelle D.

    1997-01-01

    For the past five years, Andover, Kansas middle-schoolers in an amateur radio club and class have sent and received Morse code messages, assembled and soldered circuit boards, designed and built antenna systems, and used computer programs to analyze radio communications problems. A successful bond issue financed a ham shack enabling students to…

  20. 47 CFR 80.357 - Working frequencies for Morse code and data transmission.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... a receive only frequency by ship stations. It is used by U.S. Coast Guard coast stations for NB-DP....0 6285.0 8342.0 12422.0 16619.0 22242.0 25161.5 8343.5 12453.0 16650.0 22273.0 16681.0 W2 4187.5...

  1. Letter position coding across modalities: the case of Braille readers.

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; García-Chamorro, Cristina; Martín-Suesta, Miguel; Gómez, Pablo

    2012-01-01

    The question of how the brain encodes letter position in written words has attracted increasing attention in recent years. A number of models have recently been proposed to accommodate the fact that transposed-letter stimuli like jugde or caniso are perceptually very close to their base words. Here we examined how letter position coding is attained in the tactile modality via Braille reading. The idea is that Braille word recognition may provide more serial processing than the visual modality, and this may produce differences in the input coding schemes employed to encode letters in written words. To that end, we conducted a lexical decision experiment with adult Braille readers in which the pseudowords were created by transposing/replacing two letters. We found a word-frequency effect for words. In addition, unlike parallel experiments in the visual modality, we failed to find any clear signs of transposed-letter confusability effects. This dissociation highlights the differences between modalities. The present data argue against models of letter position coding that assume that transposed-letter effects (in the visual modality) occur at a relatively late, abstract locus.

  2. Cryptology

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tech Directions, 2011

    2011-01-01

    Cryptology, or cryptography, is the study of writing and deciphering hidden messages in codes, ciphers, and writings. It is almost as old as writing itself. Ciphers are messages in which letters are rearranged or substituted for other letters or numbers. Codes are messages in which letters are replaced by letter groups, syllables, or sentences.…

  3. 33 CFR 149.580 - What are the requirements for a radar beacon?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... radar beacon? 149.580 Section 149.580 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Navigation Miscellaneous § 149.580 What are the requirements for a radar beacon? (a) A radar beacon (RACON... Morse code character, the length of which does not exceed 25 percent of the radar range expected to be...

  4. 33 CFR 149.580 - What are the requirements for a radar beacon?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... radar beacon? 149.580 Section 149.580 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Navigation Miscellaneous § 149.580 What are the requirements for a radar beacon? (a) A radar beacon (RACON... Morse code character, the length of which does not exceed 25 percent of the radar range expected to be...

  5. 47 CFR 80.355 - Distress, urgency, safety, call and reply Morse code frequencies.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ....0 16734.0 22279.5 A 25171.5 Alternate 2 4182.5 6277.5 8366.5 12550.5 16734.5 22280.0 A 25171.5 Gulf-Mexico: Initial 5 4183.0 6278.0 8367.0 12551.0 16735.0 22281.5 A 25171.5 Alternate 6 4183.5 6278.5 8367.5...

  6. 33 CFR 149.580 - What are the requirements for a radar beacon?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... radar beacon? 149.580 Section 149.580 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Navigation Miscellaneous § 149.580 What are the requirements for a radar beacon? (a) A radar beacon (RACON... Morse code character, the length of which does not exceed 25 percent of the radar range expected to be...

  7. 33 CFR 149.580 - What are the requirements for a radar beacon?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... radar beacon? 149.580 Section 149.580 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Navigation Miscellaneous § 149.580 What are the requirements for a radar beacon? (a) A radar beacon (RACON... Morse code character, the length of which does not exceed 25 percent of the radar range expected to be...

  8. 33 CFR 149.580 - What are the requirements for a radar beacon?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... radar beacon? 149.580 Section 149.580 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Navigation Miscellaneous § 149.580 What are the requirements for a radar beacon? (a) A radar beacon (RACON... Morse code character, the length of which does not exceed 25 percent of the radar range expected to be...

  9. Deep generative learning of location-invariant visual word recognition.

    PubMed

    Di Bono, Maria Grazia; Zorzi, Marco

    2013-01-01

    It is widely believed that orthographic processing implies an approximate, flexible coding of letter position, as shown by relative-position and transposition priming effects in visual word recognition. These findings have inspired alternative proposals about the representation of letter position, ranging from noisy coding across the ordinal positions to relative position coding based on open bigrams. This debate can be cast within the broader problem of learning location-invariant representations of written words, that is, a coding scheme abstracting the identity and position of letters (and combinations of letters) from their eye-centered (i.e., retinal) locations. We asked whether location-invariance would emerge from deep unsupervised learning on letter strings and what type of intermediate coding would emerge in the resulting hierarchical generative model. We trained a deep network with three hidden layers on an artificial dataset of letter strings presented at five possible retinal locations. Though word-level information (i.e., word identity) was never provided to the network during training, linear decoding from the activity of the deepest hidden layer yielded near-perfect accuracy in location-invariant word recognition. Conversely, decoding from lower layers yielded a large number of transposition errors. Analyses of emergent internal representations showed that word selectivity and location invariance increased as a function of layer depth. Word-tuning and location-invariance were found at the level of single neurons, but there was no evidence for bigram coding. Finally, the distributed internal representation of words at the deepest layer showed higher similarity to the representation elicited by the two exterior letters than by other combinations of two contiguous letters, in agreement with the hypothesis that word edges have special status. These results reveal that the efficient coding of written words-which was the model's learning objective-is largely based on letter-level information.

  10. [Again on language of biology].

    PubMed

    Morchio, di Renzo

    2004-01-01

    Some time ago I proposed in an Editorial in this journal some considerations on the language of biology. I concluded that, to realize an autonomy of such a language (and therefore of biology), we have to develop a valid language for biology. In such a context, it seemed to me that the term "metaphors" referred to the concepts concerning the information carried by genetic code, was a reasonable one. However, Barbieri's article in this issue of Rivista di Biologia / Biology Forum calls for a reply. Of course, we do not know very much in this field, even if we have some evidence that a sequence of bases on a DNA is not determined only by chance. In any case we can exclude that nature in this occasion has "invented" a code. Nature doesn't "invent" anything: it only follows its rules, that we name "laws of nature". Barbieri quotes the Morse code, but forgets to say that such a code is "conventional" in the sense that it is valid only because it is the result of an "agreement" between Morse and the users of that code. There is nothing more unnatural than a "code": with whom nature should actually have to "reach an agreement"? As a matter of fact, we interpret as "information" what happens by law of nature. Also Barbieri's thesis that genes and proteins are molecular artifacts, assembled by external agents, whereas generally molecules are determined by their bonds, i.e. by internal factors, is a disputable one. It is examined how much an external structure plays a role in ordinary chemical reactions. The "information" of physics is not a semantic information. For such information we can refer to history of literature, telegraphic offices, genetics or biochemistry.

  11. Letter Position Coding Across Modalities: The Case of Braille Readers

    PubMed Central

    Perea, Manuel; García-Chamorro, Cristina; Martín-Suesta, Miguel; Gómez, Pablo

    2012-01-01

    Background The question of how the brain encodes letter position in written words has attracted increasing attention in recent years. A number of models have recently been proposed to accommodate the fact that transposed-letter stimuli like jugde or caniso are perceptually very close to their base words. Methodology Here we examined how letter position coding is attained in the tactile modality via Braille reading. The idea is that Braille word recognition may provide more serial processing than the visual modality, and this may produce differences in the input coding schemes employed to encode letters in written words. To that end, we conducted a lexical decision experiment with adult Braille readers in which the pseudowords were created by transposing/replacing two letters. Principal Findings We found a word-frequency effect for words. In addition, unlike parallel experiments in the visual modality, we failed to find any clear signs of transposed-letter confusability effects. This dissociation highlights the differences between modalities. Conclusions The present data argue against models of letter position coding that assume that transposed-letter effects (in the visual modality) occur at a relatively late, abstract locus. PMID:23071522

  12. The dependence of frequency distributions on multiple meanings of words, codes and signs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yan, Xiaoyong; Minnhagen, Petter

    2018-01-01

    The dependence of the frequency distributions due to multiple meanings of words in a text is investigated by deleting letters. By coding the words with fewer letters the number of meanings per coded word increases. This increase is measured and used as an input in a predictive theory. For a text written in English, the word-frequency distribution is broad and fat-tailed, whereas if the words are only represented by their first letter the distribution becomes exponential. Both distribution are well predicted by the theory, as is the whole sequence obtained by consecutively representing the words by the first L = 6 , 5 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 letters. Comparisons of texts written by Chinese characters and the same texts written by letter-codes are made and the similarity of the corresponding frequency-distributions are interpreted as a consequence of the multiple meanings of Chinese characters. This further implies that the difference of the shape for word-frequencies for an English text written by letters and a Chinese text written by Chinese characters is due to the coding and not to the language per se.

  13. Orthographic Coding: Brain Activation for Letters, Symbols, and Digits.

    PubMed

    Carreiras, Manuel; Quiñones, Ileana; Hernández-Cabrera, Juan Andrés; Duñabeitia, Jon Andoni

    2015-12-01

    The present experiment investigates the input coding mechanisms of 3 common printed characters: letters, numbers, and symbols. Despite research in this area, it is yet unclear whether the identity of these 3 elements is processed through the same or different brain pathways. In addition, some computational models propose that the position-in-string coding of these elements responds to general flexible mechanisms of the visual system that are not character-specific, whereas others suggest that the position coding of letters responds to specific processes that are different from those that guide the position-in-string assignment of other types of visual objects. Here, in an fMRI study, we manipulated character position and character identity through the transposition or substitution of 2 internal elements within strings of 4 elements. Participants were presented with 2 consecutive visual strings and asked to decide whether they were the same or different. The results showed: 1) that some brain areas responded more to letters than to numbers and vice versa, suggesting that processing may follow different brain pathways; 2) that the left parietal cortex is involved in letter identity, and critically in letter position coding, specifically contributing to the early stages of the reading process; and that 3) a stimulus-specific mechanism for letter position coding is operating during orthographic processing. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  14. Fiber-connected, indefinite Morse 2-functions on connected n-manifolds

    PubMed Central

    Gay, David T.; Kirby, Robion C.

    2011-01-01

    We discuss generic smooth maps from smooth manifolds to smooth surfaces, which we call “Morse 2-functions,” and homotopies between such maps. The two central issues are to keep the fibers connected, in which case the Morse 2-function is “fiber-connected,” and to avoid local extrema over one-dimensional submanifolds of the range, in which case the Morse 2-function is “indefinite.” This is foundational work for the long-range goal of defining smooth invariants from Morse 2-functions using tools analogous to classical Morse homology and Cerf theory. PMID:21518894

  15. 78 FR 54647 - Change in Bank Control Notices; Acquisitions of Shares of a Bank or Bank Holding Company

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-05

    ... September 18, 2013. A. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta (Chapelle Davis, Assistant Vice President) 1000..., Mark G. Morse Family Trust, Jennifer L. Parr, Jennifer L. Family Trust, Trust L. Matthews, and Tracy L... Board. [FR Doc. 2013-21480 Filed 9-4-13; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6210-01-P ...

  16. Does Kaniso activate CASINO?: input coding schemes and phonology in visual-word recognition.

    PubMed

    Acha, Joana; Perea, Manuel

    2010-01-01

    Most recent input coding schemes in visual-word recognition assume that letter position coding is orthographic rather than phonological in nature (e.g., SOLAR, open-bigram, SERIOL, and overlap). This assumption has been drawn - in part - by the fact that the transposed-letter effect (e.g., caniso activates CASINO) seems to be (mostly) insensitive to phonological manipulations (e.g., Perea & Carreiras, 2006, 2008; Perea & Pérez, 2009). However, one could argue that the lack of a phonological effect in prior research was due to the fact that the manipulation always occurred in internal letter positions - note that phonological effects tend to be stronger for the initial syllable (Carreiras, Ferrand, Grainger, & Perea, 2005). To reexamine this issue, we conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment in which we compared the priming effect for transposed-letter pairs (e.g., caniso-CASINO vs. caviro-CASINO) and for pseudohomophone transposed-letter pairs (kaniso-CASINO vs. kaviro-CASINO). Results showed a transposed-letter priming effect for the correctly spelled pairs, but not for the pseudohomophone pairs. This is consistent with the view that letter position coding is (primarily) orthographic in nature.

  17. Impaired letter-string processing in developmental dyslexia: what visual-to-phonology code mapping disorder?

    PubMed

    Valdois, Sylviane; Lassus-Sangosse, Delphine; Lobier, Muriel

    2012-05-01

    Poor parallel letter-string processing in developmental dyslexia was taken as evidence of poor visual attention (VA) span, that is, a limitation of visual attentional resources that affects multi-character processing. However, the use of letter stimuli in oral report tasks was challenged on its capacity to highlight a VA span disorder. In particular, report of poor letter/digit-string processing but preserved symbol-string processing was viewed as evidence of poor visual-to-phonology code mapping, in line with the phonological theory of developmental dyslexia. We assessed here the visual-to-phonological-code mapping disorder hypothesis. In Experiment 1, letter-string, digit-string and colour-string processing was assessed to disentangle a phonological versus visual familiarity account of the letter/digit versus symbol dissociation. Against a visual-to-phonological-code mapping disorder but in support of a familiarity account, results showed poor letter/digit-string processing but preserved colour-string processing in dyslexic children. In Experiment 2, two tasks of letter-string report were used, one of which was performed simultaneously to a high-taxing phonological task. Results show that dyslexic children are similarly impaired in letter-string report whether a concurrent phonological task is simultaneously performed or not. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence against a phonological account of poor letter-string processing in developmental dyslexia. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  18. Morse oscillator propagator in the high temperature limit I: Theory

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Toutounji, Mohamad, E-mail: Mtoutounji@uaeu.ac.ae

    2017-02-15

    In an earlier work of the author the time evolution of Morse oscillator was studied analytically and exactly at low temperatures whereupon optical correlation functions were calculated using Morse oscillator coherent states were employed. Morse oscillator propagator in the high temperature limit is derived and a closed form of its corresponding canonical partition function is obtained. Both diagonal and off-diagonal forms of Morse oscillator propagator are derived in the high temperature limit. Partition functions of diatomic molecules are calculated. - Highlights: • Derives the quantum propagator of Morse oscillator in the high temperature limit. • Uses the resulting diagonal propagatormore » to derive a closed form of Morse oscillator partition function. • Provides a more sophisticated formula of the quantum propagator to test the accuracy of the herein results.« less

  19. A dual-route approach to orthographic processing.

    PubMed

    Grainger, Jonathan; Ziegler, Johannes C

    2011-01-01

    In the present theoretical note we examine how different learning constraints, thought to be involved in optimizing the mapping of print to meaning during reading acquisition, might shape the nature of the orthographic code involved in skilled reading. On the one hand, optimization is hypothesized to involve selecting combinations of letters that are the most informative with respect to word identity (diagnosticity constraint), and on the other hand to involve the detection of letter combinations that correspond to pre-existing sublexical phonological and morphological representations (chunking constraint). These two constraints give rise to two different kinds of prelexical orthographic code, a coarse-grained and a fine-grained code, associated with the two routes of a dual-route architecture. Processing along the coarse-grained route optimizes fast access to semantics by using minimal subsets of letters that maximize information with respect to word identity, while coding for approximate within-word letter position independently of letter contiguity. Processing along the fined-grained route, on the other hand, is sensitive to the precise ordering of letters, as well as to position with respect to word beginnings and endings. This enables the chunking of frequently co-occurring contiguous letter combinations that form relevant units for morpho-orthographic processing (prefixes and suffixes) and for the sublexical translation of print to sound (multi-letter graphemes).

  20. A Dual-Route Approach to Orthographic Processing

    PubMed Central

    Grainger, Jonathan; Ziegler, Johannes C.

    2011-01-01

    In the present theoretical note we examine how different learning constraints, thought to be involved in optimizing the mapping of print to meaning during reading acquisition, might shape the nature of the orthographic code involved in skilled reading. On the one hand, optimization is hypothesized to involve selecting combinations of letters that are the most informative with respect to word identity (diagnosticity constraint), and on the other hand to involve the detection of letter combinations that correspond to pre-existing sublexical phonological and morphological representations (chunking constraint). These two constraints give rise to two different kinds of prelexical orthographic code, a coarse-grained and a fine-grained code, associated with the two routes of a dual-route architecture. Processing along the coarse-grained route optimizes fast access to semantics by using minimal subsets of letters that maximize information with respect to word identity, while coding for approximate within-word letter position independently of letter contiguity. Processing along the fined-grained route, on the other hand, is sensitive to the precise ordering of letters, as well as to position with respect to word beginnings and endings. This enables the chunking of frequently co-occurring contiguous letter combinations that form relevant units for morpho-orthographic processing (prefixes and suffixes) and for the sublexical translation of print to sound (multi-letter graphemes). PMID:21716577

  1. Fractal-Based Image Compression, II

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-06-01

    data for figure 3 ----------------------------------- 10 iv 1. INTRODUCTION The need for data compression is not new. With humble beginnings such as...the use of acronyms and abbreviations in spoken and written word, the methods for data compression became more advanced as the need for information...grew. The Morse code, developed because of the need for faster telegraphy, was an early example of a data compression technique. Largely because of the

  2. Microlensing observations rapid search for exoplanets: MORSE code for GPUs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    McDougall, Alistair; Albrow, Michael D.

    2016-02-01

    The rapid analysis of ongoing gravitational microlensing events has been integral to the successful detection and characterization of cool planets orbiting low-mass stars in the Galaxy. In this paper, we present an implementation of search and fit techniques on graphical processing unit (GPU) hardware. The method allows for the rapid identification of candidate planetary microlensing events and their subsequent follow-up for detailed characterization.

  3. Does location uncertainty in letter position coding emerge because of literacy training?

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; Jiménez, María; Gomez, Pablo

    2016-06-01

    In the quest to unveil the nature of the orthographic code, a useful strategy is to examine the transposed-letter effect (e.g., JUGDE is more confusable with its base word, JUDGE, than the replacement-letter nonword JUPTE). A leading explanation of this phenomenon, which is line with models of visual attention, is that there is perceptual uncertainty at assigning letters ("objects") to positions. This mechanism would be at work not only with skilled readers but also with preliterate children. An alternative explanation is that the transposed-letter effect emerges at an orthographic level of processing as a direct consequence of literacy training. To test these accounts, we conducted a same-different matching experiment with preliterate 4-year-old children using same versus different trials (created by letter transposition or replacement). Results showed a significantly larger number of false positives (i.e., "same" responses) to transposed-letter strings than to 1/2 replacement-letter strings. Therefore, the present data favor the view that the visual processing of location information is inherently noisy and rule out an interpretation of confusability in letter position coding as emerging from literacy training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  4. 47 CFR 2.926 - FCC identifier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... applicant/grantee in the code assignment(s). (c) A grantee code may consist of Arabic numerals, capital... product code assigned by the grantee shall consist of a series of Arabic numerals, capital letters or a combination thereof, and may include the dash or hyphen (-). The total of Arabic numerals, capital letters and...

  5. 47 CFR 2.926 - FCC identifier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... applicant/grantee in the code assignment(s). (c) A grantee code may consist of Arabic numerals, capital... product code assigned by the grantee shall consist of a series of Arabic numerals, capital letters or a combination thereof, and may include the dash or hyphen (-). The total of Arabic numerals, capital letters and...

  6. 47 CFR 2.926 - FCC identifier.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... applicant/grantee in the code assignment(s). (c) A grantee code may consist of Arabic numerals, capital... product code assigned by the grantee shall consist of a series of Arabic numerals, capital letters or a combination thereof, and may include the dash or hyphen (-). The total of Arabic numerals, capital letters and...

  7. 49 CFR 173.52 - Classification codes and compatibility groups of explosives.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Classification codes and compatibility groups of... Class 1 § 173.52 Classification codes and compatibility groups of explosives. (a) The classification..., consists of the division number followed by the compatibility group letter. Compatibility group letters are...

  8. Does Location Uncertainty in Letter Position Coding Emerge Because of Literacy Training?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Perea, Manuel; Jiménez, María; Gomez, Pablo

    2016-01-01

    In the quest to unveil the nature of the orthographic code, a useful strategy is to examine the transposed-letter effect (e.g., JUGDE is more confusable with its base word, JUDGE, than the replacement-letter nonword JUPTE). A leading explanation of this phenomenon, which is in line with models of visual attention, is that there is perceptual…

  9. Pirates at Parties: Letter Position Processing in Developing Readers

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kohnen, Saskia; Castles, Anne

    2013-01-01

    There has been much recent interest in letter position coding in adults, but little is known about the development of this process in children learning to read. Here, the letter position coding abilities of 127 children in Grades 2, 3, and 4 (aged 7-10 years) were examined by comparing their performance in reading aloud "migratable" words (e.g.,…

  10. Does letter position coding depend on consonant/vowel status? Evidence with the masked priming technique.

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; Acha, Joana

    2009-02-01

    Recently, a number of input coding schemes (e.g., SOLAR model, SERIOL model, open-bigram model, overlap model) have been proposed that capture the transposed-letter priming effect (i.e., faster response times for jugde-JUDGE than for jupte-JUDGE). In their current version, these coding schemes do not assume any processing differences between vowels and consonants. However, in a lexical decision task, Perea and Lupker (2004, JML; Lupker, Perea, & Davis, 2008, L&CP) reported that transposed-letter priming effects occurred for consonant transpositions but not for vowel transpositions. This finding poses a challenge for these recently proposed coding schemes. Here, we report four masked priming experiments that examine whether this consonant/vowel dissociation in transposed-letter priming is task-specific. In Experiment 1, we used a lexical decision task and found a transposed-letter priming effect only for consonant transpositions. In Experiments 2-4, we employed a same-different task - a task which taps early perceptual processes - and found a robust transposed-letter priming effect that did not interact with consonant/vowel status. We examine the implications of these findings for the front-end of the models of visual word recognition.

  11. Estimation of Some Parameters from Morse-Morse-Spline-Van Der Waals Intermolecular Potential

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Coroiu, I.

    2007-04-01

    Some parameters such as transport cross-sections and isotopic thermal diffusion factor have been calculated from an improved intermolecular potential, Morse-Morse-Spline-van der Waals (MMSV) potential proposed by R.A. Aziz et al. The treatment was completely classical and no corrections for quantum effects were made. The results would be employed for isotope separations of different spherical and quasi-spherical molecules.

  12. A Stimulus Sampling Theory of Letter Identity and Order

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Norris, Dennis; Kinoshita, Sachiko; van Casteren, Maarten

    2010-01-01

    Early on during word recognition, letter positions are not accurately coded. Evidence for this comes from transposed-letter (TL) priming effects, in which letter strings generated by transposing two adjacent letters (e.g., "jugde") produce large priming effects, more than primes with the letters replaced in the corresponding position (e.g.,…

  13. Morse oscillator propagator in the high temperature limit II: Quantum dynamics and spectroscopy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Toutounji, Mohamad

    2018-04-01

    This paper is a continuation of Paper I (Toutounji, 2017) of which motivation was testing the applicability of Morse oscillator propagator whose analytical form was derived by Duru (1983). This is because the Morse oscillator propagator was reported (Duru, 1983) in a triple-integral form of a functional of modified Bessel function of the first kind, which considerably limits its applicability. For this reason, I was prompted to find a regime under which Morse oscillator propagator may be simplified and hence be expressed in a closed-form. This was well accomplished in Paper I. Because Morse oscillator is of central importance and widely used in modelling vibrations, its propagator applicability will be extended to applications in quantum dynamics and spectroscopy as will be reported in this paper using the off-diagonal propagator of Morse oscillator whose analytical form is derived.

  14. Letter position coding across modalities: braille and sighted reading of sentences with jumbled words.

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; Jiménez, María; Martín-Suesta, Miguel; Gómez, Pablo

    2015-04-01

    This article explores how letter position coding is attained during braille reading and its implications for models of word recognition. When text is presented visually, the reading process easily adjusts to the jumbling of some letters (jugde-judge), with a small cost in reading speed. Two explanations have been proposed: One relies on a general mechanism of perceptual uncertainty at the visual level, and the other focuses on the activation of an abstract level of representation (i.e., bigrams) that is shared by all orthographic codes. Thus, these explanations make differential predictions about reading in a tactile modality. In the present study, congenitally blind readers read sentences presented on a braille display that tracked the finger position. The sentences either were intact or involved letter transpositions. A parallel experiment was conducted in the visual modality. Results revealed a substantially greater reading cost for the sentences with transposed-letter words in braille readers. In contrast with the findings with sighted readers, in which there is a cost of transpositions in the external (initial and final) letters, the reading cost in braille readers occurs serially, with a large cost for initial letter transpositions. Thus, these data suggest that the letter-position-related effects in visual word recognition are due to the characteristics of the visual stream.

  15. Monte Carlo calculation of skyshine'' neutron dose from ALS (Advanced Light Source)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Moin-Vasiri, M.

    1990-06-01

    This report discusses the following topics on skyshine'' neutron dose from ALS: Sources of radiation; ALS modeling for skyshine calculations; MORSE Monte-Carlo; Implementation of MORSE; Results of skyshine calculations from storage ring; and Comparison of MORSE shielding calculations.

  16. Neutron skyshine from end stations of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sun, Rai-Ko S.

    1991-12-01

    The MORSE{_}CG code from Oak Ridge National Laboratory was applied to the estimation of the neutron skyshine from three end stations of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF), Newport News, VA. Calculations with other methods and an experiment had been directed at assessing the annual neutron dose equivalent at the site boundary. A comparison of results obtained with different methods is given, and the effect of different temperatures and humidities will be discussed.

  17. Neutron skyshine from end stations of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sun, Rai-Ko S.

    1991-12-01

    The MORSE{ }CG code from Oak Ridge National Laboratory was applied to the estimation of the neutron skyshine from three end stations of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF), Newport News, VA. Calculations with other methods and an experiment had been directed at assessing the annual neutron dose equivalent at the site boundary. A comparison of results obtained with different methods is given, and the effect of different temperatures and humidities will be discussed.

  18. Sudoku Puzzles for First-Year Organic Chemistry Students

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Perez, Alice L.; Lamoureux, G.

    2007-01-01

    Sudoku puzzle was designed to teach about amino acids and functional groups to the students of undergraduate organic chemistry students. The puzzles focus on helping the student learn the name, 3-letter code and 1-letter code of common amino acids and functional groups.

  19. The Rotating Morse-Pekeris Oscillator Revisited

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zuniga, Jose; Bastida, Adolfo; Requena, Alberto

    2008-01-01

    The Morse-Pekeris oscillator model for the calculation of the vibration-rotation energy levels of diatomic molecules is revisited. This model is based on the realization of a second-order exponential expansion of the centrifugal term about the minimum of the vibrational Morse oscillator and the subsequent analytical resolution of the resulting…

  20. Disentangling the Developmental Trajectories of Letter Position and Letter Identity Coding Using Masked Priming

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kezilas, Yvette; McKague, Meredith; Kohnen, Saskia; Badcock, Nicholas A.; Castles, Anne

    2017-01-01

    Masked transposed-letter (TL) priming effects have been used to index letter position processing over the course of reading development. Whereas some studies have reported an increase in TL priming over development, others have reported a decrease. These findings have led to the development of 2 somewhat contradictory accounts of letter position…

  1. On the Delta Sequence of the Thue-Morse Sequence

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-02-27

    S. Plouffe, B.E. Sagan, A relative of the Thue-Morse sequence, in For- mal power series and algebraic combinatorics (Montreal, PQ, 1992), Discrete ... Math . 139, 455–461, 1995. [2] J.-P. Allouche, J. Shallit, The ubiquitous Prouhet-Thue-Morse se- quence, In C. Ding, T. Helleseth,and H. Niederreiter

  2. Volumetric data analysis using Morse-Smale complexes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Natarajan, V; Pascucci, V

    2005-10-13

    The 3D Morse-Smale complex is a fundamental topological construct that partitions the domain of a real-valued function into regions having uniform gradient flow behavior. In this paper, we consider the construction and selective presentation of cells of the Morse-Smale complex and their use in the analysis and visualization of scientific datasets. We take advantage of the fact that cells of different dimension often characterize different types of features present in the data. For example, critical points pinpoint changes in topology by showing where components of the level sets are created, destroyed or modified in genus. Edges of the Morse-Smale complexmore » extract filament-like features that are not explicitly modeled in the original data. Interactive selection and rendering of portions of the Morse-Smale complex introduces fundamental data management challenges due to the unstructured nature of the complex even for structured inputs. We describe a data structure that stores the Morse-Smale complex and allows efficient selective traversal of regions of interest. Finally, we illustrate the practical use of this approach by applying it to cryo-electron microscopy data of protein molecules.« less

  3. ISO 639-1 and ISO 639-2: International Standards for Language Codes. ISO 15924: International Standard for Names of Scripts.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Byrum, John D.

    This paper describes two international standards for the representation of the names of languages. The first (ISO 639-1), published in 1988, provides two-letter codes for 136 languages and was produced primarily to meet terminological needs. The second (ISO 639-2) appeared in late 1998 and includes three-letter codes for 460 languages. This list…

  4. Morse taper dental implants and platform switching: The new paradigm in oral implantology

    PubMed Central

    Macedo, José Paulo; Pereira, Jorge; Vahey, Brendan R.; Henriques, Bruno; Benfatti, Cesar A. M.; Magini, Ricardo S.; López-López, José; Souza, Júlio C. M.

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review on the potential benefits with the use of Morse taper dental implant connections associated with small diameter platform switching abutments. A Medline bibliographical search (from 1961 to 2014) was carried out. The following search items were explored: “Bone loss and platform switching,” “bone loss and implant-abutment joint,” “bone resorption and platform switching,” “bone resorption and implant-abutment joint,” “Morse taper and platform switching.” “Morse taper and implant-abutment joint,” Morse taper and bone resorption,” “crestal bone remodeling and implant-abutment joint,” “crestal bone remodeling and platform switching.” The selection criteria used for the article were: meta-analysis; randomized controlled trials; prospective cohort studies; as well as reviews written in English, Portuguese, or Spanish languages. Within the 287 studies identified, 81 relevant and recent studies were selected. Results indicated a reduced occurrence of peri-implantitis and bone loss at the abutment/implant level associated with Morse taper implants and a reduced-diameter platform switching abutment. Extrapolation of data from previous studies indicates that Morse taper connections associated with platform switching have shown less inflammation and possible bone loss with the peri-implant soft tissues. However, more long-term studies are needed to confirm these trends. PMID:27011755

  5. Managing Supply Chain Disruptions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-08-09

    to be negatively associated with innovativeness (Hage & Aiken, 1969; Moch & Morse, 1977; Rogers, 1995; Russell & Hoag, 2004). The range of new...processes, or innovations ( Moch & Morse, 1977). Grover (1993) adds that decreased autonomy of organizational components and the bounded perspective of...Structuring of Organizations: A Synthesis of the Research. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Moch , M. K. & Morse, E. V. (1977). Size

  6. betaFIT: A computer program to fit pointwise potentials to selected analytic functions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Le Roy, Robert J.; Pashov, Asen

    2017-01-01

    This paper describes program betaFIT, which performs least-squares fits of sets of one-dimensional (or radial) potential function values to four different types of sophisticated analytic potential energy functional forms. These families of potential energy functions are: the Expanded Morse Oscillator (EMO) potential [J Mol Spectrosc 1999;194:197], the Morse/Long-Range (MLR) potential [Mol Phys 2007;105:663], the Double Exponential/Long-Range (DELR) potential [J Chem Phys 2003;119:7398], and the "Generalized Potential Energy Function (GPEF)" form introduced by Šurkus et al. [Chem Phys Lett 1984;105:291], which includes a wide variety of polynomial potentials, such as the Dunham [Phys Rev 1932;41:713], Simons-Parr-Finlan [J Chem Phys 1973;59:3229], and Ogilvie-Tipping [Proc R Soc A 1991;378:287] polynomials, as special cases. This code will be useful for providing the realistic sets of potential function shape parameters that are required to initiate direct fits of selected analytic potential functions to experimental data, and for providing better analytical representations of sets of ab initio results.

  7. 76 FR 7864 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-11

    ...: Psychiatric Unit Criteria Work Sheet and Supporting Regulations 412.25 and 412.27; Use: A limited number of... National Correct Coding Initiative in Medicaid, SMD Letter 10-017 dated September 1, 2010. Use; The Patient... State Use of National Correct Coding Initiative. A State Medicaid Director letter, 10-017 dated...

  8. Morse Theory and Relative Equilibria in the Planar n-Vortex Problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Roberts, Gareth E.

    2018-04-01

    Morse theoretical ideas are applied to the study of relative equilibria in the planar n-vortex problem. For the case of positive circulations, we prove that the Morse index of a critical point of the Hamiltonian restricted to a level surface of the angular impulse is equal to the number of pairs of real eigenvalues of the corresponding relative equilibrium periodic solution. The Morse inequalities are then used to prove the instability of some families of relative equilibria in the four-vortex problem with two pairs of equal vorticities. We also show that, for positive circulations, relative equilibria cannot accumulate on the collision set.

  9. Suffering: toward a contextual praxis.

    PubMed

    Georges, Jane M

    2002-09-01

    Janice M. Morse's article in Advances in Nursing Science (24:1) revised and summarized the major findings of a research program exploring the behavioral-experiential nature of suffering. Using a feminist critical theory stance, this article addresses Morse's conceptualization of a praxis of suffering. First, it identifies the strengths and contributions of Morse's body of research to nursing science. Next, it undertakes a critique situated in feminist critical theory in which the limitations of Morse's work are explored using exemplars from the Western literary tradition. Finally, the article proposes a new conceptualization of an alternative contextual praxis of suffering in which nurses' responses to suffering are situated in an emancipatory paradigm of authentic presence.

  10. Generalized Heisenberg Algebras, SUSYQM and Degeneracies: Infinite Well and Morse Potential

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hussin, Véronique; Marquette, Ian

    2011-03-01

    We consider classical and quantum one and two-dimensional systems with ladder operators that satisfy generalized Heisenberg algebras. In the classical case, this construction is related to the existence of closed trajectories. In particular, we apply these results to the infinite well and Morse potentials. We discuss how the degeneracies of the permutation symmetry of quantum two-dimensional systems can be explained using products of ladder operators. These products satisfy interesting commutation relations. The two-dimensional Morse quantum system is also related to a generalized two-dimensional Morse supersymmetric model. Arithmetical or accidental degeneracies of such system are shown to be associated to additional supersymmetry.

  11. Fall risk assessment: retrospective analysis of Morse Fall Scale scores in Portuguese hospitalized adult patients.

    PubMed

    Sardo, Pedro Miguel Garcez; Simões, Cláudia Sofia Oliveira; Alvarelhão, José Joaquim Marques; Simões, João Filipe Fernandes Lindo; Melo, Elsa Maria de Oliveira Pinheiro de

    2016-08-01

    The Morse Fall Scale is used in several care settings for fall risk assessment and supports the implementation of preventive nursing interventions. Our work aims to analyze the Morse Fall Scale scores of Portuguese hospitalized adult patients in association with their characteristics, diagnoses and length of stay. Retrospective cohort analysis of Morse Fall Scale scores of 8356 patients hospitalized during 2012. Data were associated to age, gender, type of admission, specialty units, length of stay, patient discharge, and ICD-9 diagnosis. Elderly patients, female, with emergency service admission, at medical units and/or with longer length of stays were more frequently included in the risk group for falls. ICD-9 diagnosis may also be an important risk factor. More than a half of hospitalized patients had "medium" to "high" risk of falling during the length of stay, which determines the implementation and maintenance of protocoled preventive nursing interventions throughout hospitalization. There are several fall risk factors not assessed by Morse Fall Scale. There were no statistical differences in Morse Fall Scale score between the first and the last assessment. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. The Contributions of Vocabulary and Letter Writing Automaticity to Word Reading and Spelling for Kindergartners

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kim, Young-Suk; Al Otaiba, Stephanie; Puranik, Cynthia; Folsom, Jessica Sidler; Gruelich, Luana

    2014-01-01

    In the present study we examined the relation between alphabet knowledge fluency (letter names and sounds) and letter writing automaticity, and unique relations of letter writing automaticity and semantic knowledge (i.e., vocabulary) to word reading and spelling over and above code-related skills such as phonological awareness and alphabet…

  13. On the nature of consonant/vowel differences in letter position coding: Evidence from developing and adult readers.

    PubMed

    Comesaña, Montserrat; Soares, Ana P; Marcet, Ana; Perea, Manuel

    2016-11-01

    In skilled adult readers, transposed-letter effects (jugde-JUDGE) are greater for consonant than for vowel transpositions. These differences are often attributed to phonological rather than orthographic processing. To examine this issue, we employed a scenario in which phonological involvement varies as a function of reading experience: A masked priming lexical decision task with 50-ms primes in adult and developing readers. Indeed, masked phonological priming at this prime duration has been consistently reported in adults, but not in developing readers (Davis, Castles, & Iakovidis, 1998). Thus, if consonant/vowel asymmetries in letter position coding with adults are due to phonological influences, transposed-letter priming should occur for both consonant and vowel transpositions in developing readers. Results with adults (Experiment 1) replicated the usual consonant/vowel asymmetry in transposed-letter priming. In contrast, no signs of an asymmetry were found with developing readers (Experiments 2-3). However, Experiments 1-3 did not directly test the existence of phonological involvement. To study this question, Experiment 4 manipulated the phonological prime-target relationship in developing readers. As expected, we found no signs of masked phonological priming. Thus, the present data favour an interpretation of the consonant/vowel dissociation in letter position coding as due to phonological rather than orthographic processing. © 2016 The British Psychological Society.

  14. Joseph Henry and the Telegraph

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hochfelder, David

    1997-04-01

    Morse's telegraph rested upon three scientific advances which occured between 1800 and 1830: the development of battery technology, the formulation of laws governing the behavior of electrical components in circuits, and the discovery of electromagnetic phenomena. Joseph Henry was crucial to the development of the early telegraph. His work on electromagnetism made it possible for the electric current to manifest itself as useful mechanical work. Henry developed electromagnets of sufficient lifting power, but which drew relatively small currents; these magnets were the heart of Morse's telegraph receiver. Morse also used electromagnets as relays, which allowed him to transmit signals over great distances. Morse often acknowledged his debt to Henry, and the two enjoyed a cordial working relationship until the mid-1840s. But during the bitter and protracted litigation over Morse's patent, Henry testified (unwillingly, he claimed) against the inventor. This began a lifelong quarrel between the two men, the specifics of which were tedious and petty. In general terms, however, their conflict arose over different notions regarding scientific discovery and technological innovation.

  15. Global dynamics for switching systems and their extensions by linear differential equations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huttinga, Zane; Cummins, Bree; Gedeon, Tomáš; Mischaikow, Konstantin

    2018-03-01

    Switching systems use piecewise constant nonlinearities to model gene regulatory networks. This choice provides advantages in the analysis of behavior and allows the global description of dynamics in terms of Morse graphs associated to nodes of a parameter graph. The parameter graph captures spatial characteristics of a decomposition of parameter space into domains with identical Morse graphs. However, there are many cellular processes that do not exhibit threshold-like behavior and thus are not well described by a switching system. We consider a class of extensions of switching systems formed by a mixture of switching interactions and chains of variables governed by linear differential equations. We show that the parameter graphs associated to the switching system and any of its extensions are identical. For each parameter graph node, there is an order-preserving map from the Morse graph of the switching system to the Morse graph of any of its extensions. We provide counterexamples that show why possible stronger relationships between the Morse graphs are not valid.

  16. Global dynamics for switching systems and their extensions by linear differential equations.

    PubMed

    Huttinga, Zane; Cummins, Bree; Gedeon, Tomáš; Mischaikow, Konstantin

    2018-03-15

    Switching systems use piecewise constant nonlinearities to model gene regulatory networks. This choice provides advantages in the analysis of behavior and allows the global description of dynamics in terms of Morse graphs associated to nodes of a parameter graph. The parameter graph captures spatial characteristics of a decomposition of parameter space into domains with identical Morse graphs. However, there are many cellular processes that do not exhibit threshold-like behavior and thus are not well described by a switching system. We consider a class of extensions of switching systems formed by a mixture of switching interactions and chains of variables governed by linear differential equations. We show that the parameter graphs associated to the switching system and any of its extensions are identical. For each parameter graph node, there is an order-preserving map from the Morse graph of the switching system to the Morse graph of any of its extensions. We provide counterexamples that show why possible stronger relationships between the Morse graphs are not valid.

  17. Is the orthographic/phonological onset a single unit in reading aloud?

    PubMed

    Mousikou, Petroula; Coltheart, Max; Saunders, Steven; Yen, Lisa

    2010-02-01

    Two main theories of visual word recognition have been developed regarding the way orthographic units in printed words map onto phonological units in spoken words. One theory suggests that a string of single letters or letter clusters corresponds to a string of phonemes (Coltheart, 1978; Venezky, 1970), while the other suggests that a string of single letters or letter clusters corresponds to coarser phonological units, for example, onsets and rimes (Treiman & Chafetz, 1987). These theoretical assumptions were critical for the development of coding schemes in prominent computational models of word recognition and reading aloud. In a reading-aloud study, we tested whether the human reading system represents the orthographic/phonological onset of printed words and nonwords as single units or as separate letters/phonemes. Our results, which favored a letter and not an onset-coding scheme, were successfully simulated by the dual-route cascaded (DRC) model (Coltheart, Rastle, Perry, Langdon, & Ziegler, 2001). A separate experiment was carried out to further adjudicate between 2 versions of the DRC model.

  18. Computational models of location-invariant orthographic processing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dandurand, Frédéric; Hannagan, Thomas; Grainger, Jonathan

    2013-03-01

    We trained three topologies of backpropagation neural networks to discriminate 2000 words (lexical representations) presented at different positions of a horizontal letter array. The first topology (zero-deck) contains no hidden layer, the second (one-deck) has a single hidden layer, and for the last topology (two-deck), the task is divided in two subtasks implemented as two stacked neural networks, with explicit word-centred letters as intermediate representations. All topologies successfully simulated two key benchmark phenomena observed in skilled human reading: transposed-letter priming and relative-position priming. However, the two-deck topology most accurately simulated the ability to discriminate words from nonwords, while containing the fewest connection weights. We analysed the internal representations after training. Zero-deck networks implement a letter-based scheme with a position bias to differentiate anagrams. One-deck networks implement a holographic overlap coding in which representations are essentially letter-based and words are linear combinations of letters. Two-deck networks also implement holographic-coding.

  19. Reading through a Noisy Channel: Why There's Nothing Special about the Perception of Orthography

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Norris, Dennis; Kinoshita, Sachiko

    2012-01-01

    The goal of research on how letter identity and order are perceived during reading is often characterized as one of "cracking the orthographic code." Here, we suggest that there is no orthographic code to crack: Words are perceived and represented as sequences of letters, just as in a dictionary. Indeed, words are perceived and represented in…

  20. Monte Carlo analysis of a time-dependent neutron and secondary gamma-ray integral experiment on a thick concrete and steel shield

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cramer, S. N.; Roussin, R. W.

    1981-11-01

    A Monte Carlo analysis of a time-dependent neutron and secondary gamma-ray integral experiment on a thick concrete and steel shield is presented. The energy range covered in the analysis is 15-2 MeV for neutron source energies. The multigroup MORSE code was used with the VITAMIN C 171-36 neutron-gamma-ray cross-section data set. Both neutron and gamma-ray count rates and unfolded energy spectra are presented and compared, with good general agreement, with experimental results.

  1. Action and perception in literacy: A common-code for spelling and reading.

    PubMed

    Houghton, George

    2018-01-01

    There is strong evidence that reading and spelling in alphabetical scripts depend on a shared representation (common-coding). However, computational models usually treat the two skills separately, producing a wide variety of proposals as to how the identity and position of letters is represented. This article treats reading and spelling in terms of the common-coding hypothesis for perception-action coupling. Empirical evidence for common representations in spelling-reading is reviewed. A novel version of the Start-End Competitive Queuing (SE-CQ) spelling model is introduced, and tested against the distribution of positional errors in Letter Position Dysgraphia, data from intralist intrusion errors in spelling to dictation, and dysgraphia because of nonperipheral neglect. It is argued that no other current model is equally capable of explaining this range of data. To pursue the common-coding hypothesis, the representation used in SE-CQ is applied, without modification, to the coding of letter identity and position for reading and lexical access, and a lexical matching rule for the representation is proposed (Start End Position Code model, SE-PC). Simulations show the model's compatibility with benchmark findings from form priming, its ability to account for positional effects in letter identification priming and the positional distribution of perseverative intrusion errors. The model supports the view that spelling and reading use a common orthographic description, providing a well-defined account of the major features of this representation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

  2. Bidirectional Relations between Phonological Awareness and Letter Knowledge in Preschool Revisited: A Growth Curve Analysis of the Relation between Two Code-Related Skills

    PubMed Central

    Lerner, Matthew D.; Lonigan, Christopher J.

    2017-01-01

    Despite the importance of phonological awareness for the development of reading in alphabetic languages, little attention has been paid to its developmental origins. In this study, dual-process, latent growth models were used to examine patterns of bidirectional relations between letter knowledge and phonological awareness during preschool. The sample comprised 358 children (mean age = 48.60 months, SD = 7.26). Growth models were used to quantify the unique longitudinal relations between the initial level of each skill and growth in the other skill during the preschool year, after controlling for initial level of the same skill, vocabulary, age, and growth in the code-related skill being used as a predictor. Letter-name knowledge and phonological awareness were bi-directionally related; the initial level of each uniquely predicted growth in the other. Initial letter-sound knowledge and phonological awareness growth were not uniquely related, and vocabulary was not related to growth in phonological awareness. These findings extend the evidence of the relation between letter knowledge and phonological awareness to supra-phonemic tasks, indicating that this bidirectional relation begins at an earlier point in the development of phonological awareness than previously reported. In addition, these findings help to rule out general growth in letter knowledge and phonological awareness as an alternative explanation for the bidirectional relation between these two code-related skills. PMID:26745710

  3. Flexible letter-position coding is unlikely to hold for morphologically rich languages.

    PubMed

    Hyönä, Jukka; Bertram, Raymond

    2012-10-01

    We agree with Frost that flexible letter-position coding is unlikely to be a universal property of word recognition across different orthographies. We argue that it is particularly unlikely in morphologically rich languages like Finnish. We also argue that dual-route models are not overly flexible and that they are well equipped to adapt to the linguistic environment at hand.

  4. Microleakage of the prosthetic abutment/implant interface with internal and external connection: in vitro study.

    PubMed

    Larrucea Verdugo, Carlos; Jaramillo Núñez, Guido; Acevedo Avila, Ariel; Larrucea San Martín, Carlo

    2014-09-01

    This study determined the degree of marginal microleakage of the abutment-implant interface on platforms with Morse taper connection and external connection. For this in vitro study, 42 implants, 21 with external connection and 21 with Morse taper connection, were used, immersed in acrylic resin cylinders. Each implant was joined by a prosthetic abutment screw tightened at different degrees, forming the six study groups: (1) External connection, manual tightening (2) External connection, 20 Newton (N) tightening (3) External connection, 30 N tightening (4) Morse taper connection, manual tightening (5) Morse taper connection, 20 N tightening (6) orse taper connection, 30 N tightening. All samples were subjected to load cycling and thermocycling. Then, they were submerged in a solution of 0.2% methylene blue for 24 h. Finally, the microleakage was measured via 20× optical microscopy in each study group, average was obtained, and Mann-Whitney test was applied. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) were found between the levels of microleakage presented in the Morse taper connection implants (1.48) and external connection implants (2.8) in all three types of tightening. Microleakage levels decreases when increasing torque is applied to the screws. Morse taper connection implants showed lower levels of microleakage than external connection implants; also, it was observed that microleakage decreases in the way torque increases. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  5. Combination Rules for Morse-Based van der Waals Force Fields.

    PubMed

    Yang, Li; Sun, Lei; Deng, Wei-Qiao

    2018-02-15

    In traditional force fields (FFs), van der Waals interactions have been usually described by the Lennard-Jones potentials. Conventional combination rules for the parameters of van der Waals (VDW) cross-termed interactions were developed for the Lennard-Jones based FFs. Here, we report that the Morse potentials were a better function to describe VDW interactions calculated by highly precise quantum mechanics methods. A new set of combination rules was developed for Morse-based FFs, in which VDW interactions were described by Morse potentials. The new set of combination rules has been verified by comparing the second virial coefficients of 11 noble gas mixtures. For all of the mixed binaries considered in this work, the combination rules work very well and are superior to all three other existing sets of combination rules reported in the literature. We further used the Morse-based FF by using the combination rules to simulate the adsorption isotherms of CH 4 at 298 K in four covalent-organic frameworks (COFs). The overall agreement is great, which supports the further applications of this new set of combination rules in more realistic simulation systems.

  6. Rooted tRNAomes and evolution of the genetic code

    PubMed Central

    Pak, Daewoo; Du, Nan; Kim, Yunsoo; Sun, Yanni

    2018-01-01

    ABSTRACT We advocate for a tRNA- rather than an mRNA-centric model for evolution of the genetic code. The mechanism for evolution of cloverleaf tRNA provides a root sequence for radiation of tRNAs and suggests a simplified understanding of code evolution. To analyze code sectoring, rooted tRNAomes were compared for several archaeal and one bacterial species. Rooting of tRNAome trees reveals conserved structures, indicating how the code was shaped during evolution and suggesting a model for evolution of a LUCA tRNAome tree. We propose the polyglycine hypothesis that the initial product of the genetic code may have been short chain polyglycine to stabilize protocells. In order to describe how anticodons were allotted in evolution, the sectoring-degeneracy hypothesis is proposed. Based on sectoring, a simple stepwise model is developed, in which the code sectors from a 1→4→8→∼16 letter code. At initial stages of code evolution, we posit strong positive selection for wobble base ambiguity, supporting convergence to 4-codon sectors and ∼16 letters. In a later stage, ∼5–6 letters, including stops, were added through innovating at the anticodon wobble position. In archaea and bacteria, tRNA wobble adenine is negatively selected, shrinking the maximum size of the primordial genetic code to 48 anticodons. Because 64 codons are recognized in mRNA, tRNA-mRNA coevolution requires tRNA wobble position ambiguity leading to degeneracy of the code. PMID:29372672

  7. Pacific Northwest (PNW) Hydrologic Landscape (HL) polygons and HL code

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    A five-letter hydrologic landscape code representing five indices of hydrologic form that are related to hydrologic function: climate, seasonality, aquifer permeability, terrain, and soil permeability. Each hydrologic assessment unit is classified by one of the 81 different five-letter codes representing these indices. Polygon features in this dataset were created by aggregating (dissolving boundaries between) adjacent, similarly-coded hydrologic assessment units. Climate Classes: V-Very wet, W-Wet, M-Moist, D-Dry, S-Semiarid, A-Arid. Seasonality Sub-Classes: w-Fall or winter, s-Spring. Aquifer Permeability Classes: H-High, L-Low. Terrain Classes: M-Mountain, T-Transitional, F-Flat. Soil Permeability Classes: H-High, L-Low.

  8. What can we learn from learning models about sensitivity to letter-order in visual word recognition?

    PubMed Central

    Lerner, Itamar; Armstrong, Blair C.; Frost, Ram

    2014-01-01

    Recent research on the effects of letter transposition in Indo-European Languages has shown that readers are surprisingly tolerant of these manipulations in a range of tasks. This evidence has motivated the development of new computational models of reading that regard flexibility in positional coding to be a core and universal principle of the reading process. Here we argue that such approach does not capture cross-linguistic differences in transposed-letter effects, nor do they explain them. To address this issue, we investigated how a simple domain-general connectionist architecture performs in tasks such as letter-transposition and letter substitution when it had learned to process words in the context of different linguistic environments. The results show that in spite of of the neurobiological noise involved in registering letter-position in all languages, flexibility and inflexibility in coding letter order is also shaped by the statistical orthographic properties of words in a language, such as the relative prevalence of anagrams. Our learning model also generated novel predictions for targeted empirical research, demonstrating a clear advantage of learning models for studying visual word recognition. PMID:25431521

  9. The Overlap Model: A Model of Letter Position Coding

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gomez, Pablo; Ratcliff, Roger; Perea, Manuel

    2008-01-01

    Recent research has shown that letter identity and letter position are not integral perceptual dimensions (e.g., jugde primes judge in word-recognition experiments). Most comprehensive computational models of visual word recognition (e.g., the interactive activation model, J. L. McClelland & D. E. Rumelhart, 1981, and its successors) assume that…

  10. Construction of even and odd combinations of Morse-like coherent states

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Récamier, José; Jáuregui, Rocio

    2003-06-01

    In this work we construct approximate coherent states for the Morse potential using a method inspired by the f-oscillator formalism (Man'ko et al 1996 Proc. 4th Wigner Symp. ed M Natig, Atakishiyev, T H Seligman and K B Wolf (Singapore: World Scientific) p 421). We make even and odd combinations of these states and evaluate the temporal evolution of the position operator and its dispersion as a function of time when the states evolve under a nonlinear Morse Hamiltonian.

  11. Vibrational Relaxation and Collision-Induced Dissociation of Xenon Fluoride by Neon

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-03-01

    potential energy surface, which consists of a Morse function for the XeF interaction and Lennard - Jones functions for the NeXe and NeF interactions. Rate...interaction and a Lennard - Jones function for the NeXe and the NeF interactions. The values of the Morse potential parameters for XeF are taken from...interactions are calculated using the theoretical data provided by Svehla.59 The parameters for the Morse potential and the Lennard - Jones potentials are listed

  12. Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Quantum Crystals Near the Instability Point in the Self-Consistent Phonon Theory

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2001-01-01

    Buckingham (B), Lennard - Jones (LI ) and Morse (M) potential energy parameters of solid helium and neon calculated with the help of experimental data for the...Using the values of potential energy parameters given in Table 1 for the Buckingham (Eq.(3)), Lennard - Jones (Eq.(4)) and the Morse (Eq.(5)) s.c...calculations are performed in terms of the (expm) Buckingham, the (n,m) Lennard - Jones and the (expexp) Morse self-consistent potentials as

  13. Morse homotopy and Chern-Simons perturbation theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fukaya, Kenji

    1996-11-01

    We define and invariant of a three manifold equipped with a flat bundle with vanishing homology. The construction is based on Morse theory using several Morse functions simultaneously and is regarded as a higher loop analogue of various product operations in algebraic topology. There is a heuristic argument that this invariant is related to perturbative Chern-Simons Gauge theory by Axelrod-Singer, etc. There is also a theorem which gives a relation of the construction to open string theory on the cotangent bundle.

  14. TORT/MCNP coupling method for the calculation of neutron flux around a core of BWR.

    PubMed

    Kurosawa, Masahiko

    2005-01-01

    For the analysis of BWR neutronics performance, accurate data are required for neutron flux distribution over the In-Reactor Pressure Vessel equipments taking into account the detailed geometrical arrangement. The TORT code can calculate neutron flux around a core of BWR in a three-dimensional geometry model, but has difficulties in fine geometrical modelling and lacks huge computer resource. On the other hand, the MCNP code enables the calculation of the neutron flux with a detailed geometry model, but requires very long sampling time to give enough number of particles. Therefore, a TORT/MCNP coupling method has been developed to eliminate the two problems mentioned above in each code. In this method, the TORT code calculates angular flux distribution on the core surface and the MCNP code calculates neutron spectrum at the points of interest using the flux distribution. The coupling method will be used as the DOT-DOMINO-MORSE code system. This TORT/MCNP coupling method was applied to calculate the neutron flux at points where induced radioactivity data were measured for 54Mn and 60Co and the radioactivity calculations based on the neutron flux obtained from the above method were compared with the measured data.

  15. Impaired Letter-String Processing in Developmental Dyslexia: What Visual-to-Phonology Code Mapping Disorder?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Valdois, Sylviane; Lassus-Sangosse, Delphine; Lobier, Muriel

    2012-01-01

    Poor parallel letter-string processing in developmental dyslexia was taken as evidence of poor visual attention (VA) span, that is, a limitation of visual attentional resources that affects multi-character processing. However, the use of letter stimuli in oral report tasks was challenged on its capacity to highlight a VA span disorder. In…

  16. Morse-Smale Analysis of Ion Diffusion in Ab Initio Battery Materials Simulations

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gyulassy, Attila; Knoll, Aaron; Lau, Kah Chun

    Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations are increasingly useful in modeling, optimizing and synthesizing materials in energy sciences. In solving Schrödinger’s equation, they generate the electronic structure of the simulated atoms as a scalar field. However, methods for analyzing these volume data are not yet common in molecular visualization. The Morse-Smale complex is a proven, versatile tool for topological analysis of scalar fields. In this paper, we apply the discrete Morse-Smale complex to analysis of first-principles battery materials simulations. We consider a carbon nanosphere structure used in battery materials research, and employ Morse-Smale decomposition to determine the possible lithium ionmore » diffusion paths within that structure. Our approach is novel in that it uses the wavefunction itself as opposed distance fields, and that we analyze the 1-skeleton of the Morse-Smale complex to reconstruct our diffusion paths. Furthermore, it is the first application where specific motifs in the graph structure of the complete 1-skeleton define features, namely carbon rings with specific valence. We compare our analysis of DFT data with that of a distance field approximation, and discuss implications on larger classical molecular dynamics simulations.« less

  17. 49 CFR 178.910 - Marking of Large Packagings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... stamped or embossed, the capital letters “UN” may be applied instead of the symbol; (ii) The code number...) The country authorizing the allocation of the mark. The letters “USA” indicate that the Large...

  18. 49 CFR 178.910 - Marking of Large Packagings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... stamped or embossed, the capital letters “UN” may be applied instead of the symbol; (ii) The code number...) The country authorizing the allocation of the mark. The letters “USA” indicate that the Large...

  19. Locating the Source of Long-Distance Radio Distress Signals from the Southern Ocean

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-03-01

    fomZwaic ad e(91) Ref t ~) areshown -39 - ERL-0449-SD 30 EQU IV ALE N T GEOGRAPHIC LATITUDE (DEG), S. j ~jj5"f RN HEMISPHERE, AT LONGITUDE OF ADELAIDE...45 - ERL-0449-SD AST = 48 ASB = 61 - 0.5(Kp - i) ANB = 73 - 1.0(Kp- ) ANT = 76 - 1.25(Kp - j ) where A represents invariant latitude, the subscripts T ...frequency (MF) maritime band (410-512 kHz) for long-distance commun- cation in telegraphy (Morse code) at a frequency which was returned t the earth by

  20. Discrete Morse flow for Ricci flow and porous medium equation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ma, Li; Witt, Ingo

    2018-06-01

    In this paper, we study the discrete Morse flow for the Ricci flow on the American football, which is the 2-sphere with the north and south poles removed and equipped with a metric g0 of constant scalar curvature, and for the porous medium equation on a bounded regular domain in the plane. We show that under suitable assumptions on the initial metric g(0) one has a weak approximate discrete Morse flow for the approximated Ricci flow and porous medium equation on any time interval.

  1. Morse's Miracle Revisited.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bruce, Guy V.

    1985-01-01

    Mechanically-minded middle school students who have been studying electromagnetism can construct inexpensive telegraphs resembling Samuel Morse's 1844 invention. Instructions (with diagrams), list of materials needed, and suggestions are given for a simple telegraph and for a two-way system. (DH)

  2. The path integral on the Poincaré upper half-plane with a magnetic field and for the Morse potential

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Grosche, Christian

    1988-10-01

    Rigorous path integral treatments on the Poincaré upper half-plane with a magnetic field and for the Morse potential are presented. The calculation starts with the path integral on the Poincaré upper half-plane with a magnetic field. By a Fourier expansion and a non-linear transformation this problem is reformulated in terms of the path integral for the Morse potential. This latter problem can be reduced by an appropriate space-time transformation to the path integral for the harmonic oscillator with generalised angular momentum, a technique which has been developed in recent years. The well-known solution for the last problem enables one to give explicit expressions for the Feynman kernels for the Morse potential and for the Poincaré upper half-plane with magnetic field, respectively. The wavefunctions and the energy spectrum for the bound and scattering states are given, respectively.

  3. Calculations of the skyshine gamma-ray dose rates from independent spent fuel storage installations (ISFSI) under worst case accident conditions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pace, J.V. III; Cramer, S.N.; Knight, J.R.

    1980-09-01

    Calculations of the skyshine gamma-ray dose rates from three spent fuel storage pools under worst case accident conditions have been made using the discrete ordinates code DOT-IV and the Monte Carlo code MORSE and have been compared to those of two previous methods. The DNA 37N-21G group cross-section library was utilized in the calculations, together with the Claiborne-Trubey gamma-ray dose factors taken from the same library. Plots of all results are presented. It was found that the dose was a strong function of the iron thickness over the fuel assemblies, the initial angular distribution of the emitted radiation, and themore » photon source near the top of the assemblies. 16 refs., 11 figs., 7 tabs.« less

  4. Target--distractor separation and feature integration in visual attention to letters.

    PubMed

    Driver, J; Baylis, G C

    1991-04-01

    The interference produced by distractor letters diminishes with increasing distance from a target letter, as if the distractors fall outside an attentional spotlight focussed on the target (Eriksen and Eriksen 1974). We examine Hagenaar and Van der Heijden's (1986) claim that this distance effect is an acuity artefact. Feature integration theory (Treisman 1986) predicts that even when acuity is controlled for, distance effects should be found when interference is produced by conjoined distractor features (e.g. letter-identities), but not when interference arises from isolated distractor features (e.g. letter-strokes). The opposite pattern of results is found. A model is proposed in which both letter-strokes and letter-identities are derived in parallel. The location of letter-strokes can also be coded in parallel, but locating letter-identities may require the operation of attention.

  5. 23. POWER ROOM INTERIOR, DETAIL OF FAIRBANKSMORSE DIESEL ENGINE, DIRECTLY ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    23. POWER ROOM INTERIOR, DETAIL OF FAIRBANKS-MORSE DIESEL ENGINE, DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO FAIRBANKS-MORSE 30 KW DC GENERATOR, 125 VOLTS, 240 AMPS, 800 RPM. INSTALLED 1930. - Death Valley Ranch, Power House, Death Valley Junction, Inyo County, CA

  6. Transposed-letter priming of prelexical orthographic representations.

    PubMed

    Kinoshita, Sachiko; Norris, Dennis

    2009-01-01

    A prime generated by transposing two internal letters (e.g., jugde) produces strong priming of the original word (judge). In lexical decision, this transposed-letter (TL) priming effect is generally weak or absent for nonword targets; thus, it is unclear whether the origin of this effect is lexical or prelexical. The authors describe the Bayesian Reader theory of masked priming (D. Norris & S. Kinoshita, 2008), which explains why nonwords do not show priming in lexical decision but why they do in the cross-case same-different task. This analysis is followed by 3 experiments that show that priming in this task is not based on low-level perceptual similarity between the prime and target, or on phonology, to make the case that priming is based on prelexical orthographic representation. The authors then use this task to demonstrate equivalent TL priming effects for nonwords and words. The results are interpreted as the first reliable evidence based on the masked priming procedure that letter position is not coded absolutely within the prelexical, orthographic representation. The implications of the results for current letter position coding schemes are discussed.

  7. Jedidiah Morse and the Bavarian Illuminati: An Essay in the Rhetoric of Conspiracy.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Griffin, Charles J. G.

    1989-01-01

    Focuses on three widely publicized sermons given by the Reverend Jedidiah Morse to examine the role of the jeremiad (or political sermon) in shaping public attitudes toward political dissent during the Franco-American Crisis of 1798-1799. (MM)

  8. The elaboration of motor programs for the automation of letter production.

    PubMed

    Thibon, Laurence Séraphin; Gerber, Silvain; Kandel, Sonia

    2018-01-01

    We investigated how children learn to write letters. Letter writing evolves from stroke-by-stroke to whole-letter programming. Children of ages 6 to 9 (N=98) wrote letters of varying complexity on a digitizer. At ages 6 and 7 movement duration, dysfluency and trajectory increased with stroke number. This indicates that the motor program they activated mainly coded information on stroke production. Stroke number affected the older children's production much less, suggesting that they programmed stroke chunks or the whole letter. The fact that movement duration and dysfluency decreased from ages 6 to 8, and remained stable at ages 8 and 9 suggests that automation of letter writing begins at age 8. Automation seems to require the elaboration of stroke chunks and/or letter-sized motor programs. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Diagonal ordering operation technique applied to Morse oscillator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Popov, Dušan, E-mail: dusan_popov@yahoo.co.uk; Dong, Shi-Hai; Popov, Miodrag

    2015-11-15

    We generalize the technique called as the integration within a normally ordered product (IWOP) of operators referring to the creation and annihilation operators of the harmonic oscillator coherent states to a new operatorial approach, i.e. the diagonal ordering operation technique (DOOT) about the calculations connected with the normally ordered product of generalized creation and annihilation operators that generate the generalized hypergeometric coherent states. We apply this technique to the coherent states of the Morse oscillator including the mixed (thermal) state case and get the well-known results achieved by other methods in the corresponding coherent state representation. Also, in the lastmore » section we construct the coherent states for the continuous dynamics of the Morse oscillator by using two new methods: the discrete–continuous limit, respectively by solving a finite difference equation. Finally, we construct the coherent states corresponding to the whole Morse spectrum (discrete plus continuous) and demonstrate their properties according the Klauder’s prescriptions.« less

  10. Approximation solution of Schrodinger equation for Q-deformed Rosen-Morse using supersymmetry quantum mechanics (SUSY QM)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Alemgadmi, Khaled I. K., E-mail: azozkied@yahoo.com; Suparmi; Cari

    2015-09-30

    The approximate analytical solution of Schrodinger equation for Q-Deformed Rosen-Morse potential was investigated using Supersymmetry Quantum Mechanics (SUSY QM) method. The approximate bound state energy is given in the closed form and the corresponding approximate wave function for arbitrary l-state given for ground state wave function. The first excited state obtained using upper operator and ground state wave function. The special case is given for the ground state in various number of q. The existence of Rosen-Morse potential reduce energy spectra of system. The larger value of q, the smaller energy spectra of system.

  11. Formation of Schrödinger-cat states in the Morse potential: Wigner function picture.

    PubMed

    Foldi, Peter; Czirjak, Attila; Molnar, Balazs; Benedict, Mihaly

    2002-04-22

    We investigate the time evolution of Morse coherent states in the potential of the NO molecule. We present animated wave functions and Wigner functions of the system exhibiting spontaneous formation of Schrödinger-cat states at certain stages of the time evolution. These nonclassical states are coherent superpositions of two localized states corresponding to two di.erent positions of the center of mass. We analyze the degree of nonclassicality as the function of the expectation value of the position in the initial state. Our numerical calculations are based on a novel, essentially algebraic treatment of the Morse potential.

  12. [The role of external letter positions in visual word recognition].

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; Lupker, Sthephen J

    2007-11-01

    A key issue for any computational model of visual word recognition is the choice of an input coding schema, which is responsible for assigning letter positions. Such a schema must reflect the fact that, according to recent research, nonwords created by transposing letters (e.g., caniso for CASINO ), typically, appear to be more similar to the word than nonwords created by replacing letters (e.g., caviro ). In the present research, we initially carried out a computational analysis examining the degree to which the position of the transposition influences transposed-letter similarity effects. We next conducted a masked priming experiment with the lexical decision task to determine whether a transposed-letter priming advantage occurs when the first letter position is involved. Primes were created by either transposing the first and third letters (démula-MEDULA ) or replacing the first and third letters (bérula-MEDULA). Results showed that there was no transposed-letter priming advantage in this situation. We discuss the implications of these results for models of visual word recognition.

  13. A measure of short-term visual memory based on the WISC-R coding subtest.

    PubMed

    Collaer, M L; Evans, J R

    1982-07-01

    Adapted the Coding subtest of the WISC-R to provide a measure of visual memory. Three hundred and five children, aged 8 through 12, were administered the Coding test using standard directions. A few seconds after completion the key was taken away, and each was given a paper with only the digits and asked to write the appropriate matching symbol below each. This was termed "Coding Recall." To provide validity data, a subgroup of 50 Ss also was administered the Attention Span for Letters subtest from the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude (as a test of visual memory for sequences of letters) and a Bender Gestalt recall test (as a measure of visual memory for geometric forms). Coding Recall means and standard deviations are reported separately by sex and age level. Implications for clinicans are discussed. Reservations about clinical use of the data are given in view of the possible lack of representativeness of the sample used and the limited reliability and validity of Coding Recall.

  14. Takahasi Nearest-Neighbour Gas Revisited II: Morse Gases

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Matsumoto, Akira

    2011-12-01

    Some thermodynamic quantities for the Morse potential are analytically evaluated at an isobaric process. The parameters of Morse gases for 21 substances are obtained by the second virial coefficient data and the spectroscopic data of diatomic molecules. Also some thermodynamic quantities for water are calculated numerically and drawn graphically. The inflexion point of the length L which depends on temperature T and pressure P corresponds physically to a boiling point. L indicates the liquid phase from lower temperature to the inflexion point and the gaseous phase from the inflexion point to higher temperature. The boiling temperatures indicate reasonable values compared with experimental data. The behaviour of L suggests a chance of a first-order phase transition in one dimension.

  15. Pacific Northwest ecoclass codes for seral and potential natural communities.

    Treesearch

    Frederick C. Hall

    1998-01-01

    Lists codes for identification of potential natural communities (plant association, habitat types), their seral status, and vegetation structure in and around the Pacific Northwest. Codes are a six-digit alphanumeric system using the first letter of tree species, life-form, seral status, and structure so that most codes can be directly interpreted. Seven appendices...

  16. 76 FR 61622 - Potential Closing of Morses Line Border Crossing

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-05

    ... travelers would need to travel to an alternate crossing which could cost them both time and money. CBP does... measured the distance and estimated time for each combination assuming they could not travel through Morses Line. By comparing the distance and travel time for the fastest route to those for the fastest route...

  17. The Combined Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure and Temperature on Nonlinear Optical Properties of GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As Morse Quantum Well in the Presence of an Applied Magnetic Field.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Zhi-Hai; Yuan, Jian-Hui; Guo, Kang-Xian

    2018-04-25

    Studies aimed at understanding the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of GaAs/Ga 0.7 Al 0.3 As morse quantum well (QW) have focused on the intersubband optical absorption coefficients (OACs) and refractive index changes (RICs). These studies have taken two complimentary approaches: (1) The compact-density-matrix approach and iterative method have been used to obtain the expressions of OACs and RICs in morse QW. (2) Finite difference techniques have been used to obtain energy eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions of GaAs/Ga 0.7 Al 0.3 As morse QW under an applied magnetic field, hydrostatic pressure, and temperature. Our results show that the hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field have a significant influence on the position and the magnitude of the resonant peaks of the nonlinear OACs and RICs. Simultaneously, a saturation case is observed on the total absorption spectrum, which is modulated by the hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field. Physical reasons have been analyzed in depth.

  18. Estimation of neutron dose equivalent at the mezzanine of the Advanced Light Source and the laboratory boundary using the ORNL program MORSE.

    PubMed

    Sun, R K

    1990-12-01

    To investigate the radiation effect of neutrons near the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) with respect to the neutron dose equivalents in nearby occupied areas and at the site boundary, the neutron transport code MORSE, from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), was used. These dose equivalents result from both skyshine neutrons transported by air scattering and direct neutrons penetrating the shielding. The ALS neutron sources are a 50-MeV linear accelerator and its transfer line, a 1.5-GeV booster, a beam extraction line, and a 1.9-GeV storage ring. The most conservative total occupational-dose-equivalent rate in the center of the ALS mezzanine, 39 m from the ALS center, was found to be 1.14 X 10(-3) Sv y-1 per 2000-h "occupational" year, and the total environmental-dose-equivalent rate at the ALS boundary, 125 m from the ALS center, was found to be 3.02 X 10(-4) Sv y-1 per 8760-h calendar year. More realistic dose-equivalent rates, using the nominal (expected) storage-ring current, were calculated to be 1.0 X 10(-4) Sv y-1 and 2.65 X 10(-5) Sv y-1 occupational year and calendar year, respectively, which are much lower than the DOE reporting levels.

  19. A versus F: the effects of implicit letter priming on cognitive performance.

    PubMed

    Ciani, Keith D; Sheldon, Kennon M

    2010-03-01

    It has been proposed that motivational responses outside people's conscious awareness can be primed to affect academic performance. The current research focused on the relationship between primed evaluative letters (A and F), explicit and implicit achievement motivation, and cognitive performance. Given the evaluative connotation associated with letter grades, we wanted to know if exposure to the letter A before a task could improve performance, and exposure to the letter F could impair performance. If such effects are found, we suspected that they may be rooted in implicit approach versus avoidance motivation, and occur without participants' awareness. The current research was conducted at a large research university in the USA. Twenty-three undergraduates participated in Expt 1, 32 graduate students in Expt 2, and 76 undergraduates in Expt 3. Expts 1 and 2 were conducted in classroom settings, and Expt 3 in a laboratory. In Expt 1, participants were randomly assigned to either the A or F condition. The letter manipulation came in the form of an ostensible Test Bank ID code on the cover of an analogy test, which participants were prompted to view and write on each page of their test. Expt 2 followed a similar procedure but included the neutral letter J as a third condition to serve as a control. In Expt 3, participants' letter condition was presented in the form of an ostensible Subject ID code prior to an anagram test. Expts 1-3 demonstrated that exposure to the letter A enhances performance relative to the exposure to the letter F, whereas exposure to the letter F prior to an achievement task can impair performance. This effect was demonstrated using two different types of samples (undergraduate and graduate students), in two different experimental settings (classroom and laboratory), using two different types of achievement tasks (analogy and anagram), and using two different types of letter presentation (Test Bank ID and Subject ID). Results from the funnelled debriefing, self-report goals, and word-stem completion support our position that the effect of letter on academic performance takes place outside the conscious awareness of participants. Our findings suggest that students are vulnerable to evaluative letters presented before a task, and support years of research highlighting the significant role that nonconscious processes play in achievement settings.

  20. A Mechanical Apparatus for Hands-On Experience with the Morse Potential

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Everest, Michael A.

    2010-01-01

    A simple pulley apparatus is described that gives the student hands-on experience with the Morse potential. Students develop an internalized sense of what a covalent bond would feel like if atoms in a molecule could be manipulated by hand. This kinesthetic learning enhances the student's understanding and intuition of several chemical phenomena.…

  1. 78 FR 19288 - Letters of Authorization To Take Marine Mammals

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-29

    .... ACTION: Notice of Issuance. SUMMARY: In accordance with the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, as... of title 50 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and is effective through August 3, 2016. The... following companies in the Beaufort Sea and adjacent northern coast of Alaska: Beaufort Sea Letters of...

  2. USSR Space Life Sciences Digest. Index to issues 1-4

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Teeter, R.; Hooke, L. R.

    1986-01-01

    This document is an index to issues 1 to 4 of the USSR Space Life Sciences Digest and is arranged in three sections. In section 1, abstracts from the first four issues are grouped according to subject; please note the four letter codes in the upper right hand corner of the pages. Section 2 lists the categories according to which digest entries are grouped and cites additional entries relevant to that category by four letter code and entry number in section 1. Refer to section 1 for titles and other pertinent information. Key words are indexed in section 3.

  3. Early Rockets

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2004-04-15

    Science fiction writers, like Jules Verne in France and Edward Everett Hale in America, had discovered one of the most vital elements in the formula for space travel-a fertile imagination. The first known proposal for a marned-satellite appears in a story by Hale entitled "The Brick Moon" published in 1899. The story involved a group of young Bostonians who planned to put an artificial satellite into polar orbit for sailors to use to determine longitude accurately and easily. They planned to send a brick satellite into orbit because the satellite would have to withstand fire very well. The Satellite's 37 inhabitants signaled the Earth in morse code by jumping up and down on the outside of the satellite.

  4. The Brick Moon

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2004-01-01

    Science fiction writers, like Jules Verne in France and Edward Everett Hale in America, had discovered one of the most vital elements in the formula for space travel-a fertile imagination. The first known proposal for a marned-satellite appears in a story by Hale entitled 'The Brick Moon' published in 1899. The story involved a group of young Bostonians who planned to put an artificial satellite into polar orbit for sailors to use to determine longitude accurately and easily. They planned to send a brick satellite into orbit because the satellite would have to withstand fire very well. The Satellite's 37 inhabitants signaled the Earth in morse code by jumping up and down on the outside of the satellite.

  5. Monte Carlo Simulations of Background Spectra in Integral Imager Detectors

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Armstrong, T. W.; Colborn, B. L.; Dietz, K. L.; Ramsey, B. D.; Weisskopf, M. C.

    1998-01-01

    Predictions of the expected gamma-ray backgrounds in the ISGRI (CdTe) and PiCsIT (Csl) detectors on INTEGRAL due to cosmic-ray interactions and the diffuse gamma-ray background have been made using a coupled set of Monte Carlo radiation transport codes (HETC, FLUKA, EGS4, and MORSE) and a detailed, 3-D mass model of the spacecraft and detector assemblies. The simulations include both the prompt background component from induced hadronic and electromagnetic cascades and the delayed component due to emissions from induced radioactivity. Background spectra have been obtained with and without the use of active (BGO) shielding and charged particle rejection to evaluate the effectiveness of anticoincidence counting on background rejection.

  6. Tracking Holland Interest Codes: The Case of South African Field Guides

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Watson, Mark B.; Foxcroft, Cheryl D.; Allen, Lynda J.

    2007-01-01

    Holland believes that specific personality types seek out matching occupational environments and his theory codes personality and environment according to a six letter interest typology. Since 1985 there have been numerous American studies that have queried the validity of Holland's coding system. Research in South Africa is scarcer, despite…

  7. Computer-Based Learning of Spelling Skills in Children with and without Dyslexia

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kast, Monika; Baschera, Gian-Marco; Gross, Markus; Jancke, Lutz; Meyer, Martin

    2011-01-01

    Our spelling training software recodes words into multisensory representations comprising visual and auditory codes. These codes represent information about letters and syllables of a word. An enhanced version, developed for this study, contains an additional phonological code and an improved word selection controller relying on a phoneme-based…

  8. Efficient morse decompositions of vector fields.

    PubMed

    Chen, Guoning; Mischaikow, Konstantin; Laramee, Robert S; Zhang, Eugene

    2008-01-01

    Existing topology-based vector field analysis techniques rely on the ability to extract the individual trajectories such as fixed points, periodic orbits, and separatrices that are sensitive to noise and errors introduced by simulation and interpolation. This can make such vector field analysis unsuitable for rigorous interpretations. We advocate the use of Morse decompositions, which are robust with respect to perturbations, to encode the topological structures of a vector field in the form of a directed graph, called a Morse connection graph (MCG). While an MCG exists for every vector field, it need not be unique. Previous techniques for computing MCG's, while fast, are overly conservative and usually results in MCG's that are too coarse to be useful for the applications. To address this issue, we present a new technique for performing Morse decomposition based on the concept of tau-maps, which typically provides finer MCG's than existing techniques. Furthermore, the choice of tau provides a natural tradeoff between the fineness of the MCG's and the computational costs. We provide efficient implementations of Morse decomposition based on tau-maps, which include the use of forward and backward mapping techniques and an adaptive approach in constructing better approximations of the images of the triangles in the meshes used for simulation.. Furthermore, we propose the use of spatial tau-maps in addition to the original temporal tau-maps. These techniques provide additional trade-offs between the quality of the MCGs and the speed of computation. We demonstrate the utility of our technique with various examples in the plane and on surfaces including engine simulation data sets.

  9. Position-Dependent Mass Schrödinger Equation for the Morse Potential

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ovando, G.; Peña, J. J.; Morales, J.; López-Bonilla, J.

    2017-01-01

    The position dependent mass Schrödinger equation (PDMSE) has a wide range of quantum applications such as the study of semiconductors, quantum wells, quantum dots and impurities in crystals, among many others. On the other hand, the Morse potential is one of the most important potential models used to study the electronic properties of diatomic molecules. In this work, the solution of the effective mass one-dimensional Schrödinger equation for the Morse potential is presented. This is done by means of the canonical transformation method in algebraic form. The PDMSE is solved for any model of the proposed kinetic energy operators as for example the BenDaniel-Duke, Gora-Williams, Zhu-Kroemer or Li-Kuhn. Also, in order to solve the PDMSE with Morse potential, we consider a superpotential leading to a special form of the exactly solvable Schrödinger equation of constant mass for a class of multiparameter exponential-type potential along with a proper mass distribution. The proposed approach is general and can be applied in the search of new potentials suitable on science of materials by looking into the viable choices of the mass function.

  10. The construction of partner potential from the general potential Rosen-Morse and Manning Rosen in 4 dimensional Schrodinger system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nathalia Wea, Kristiana; Suparmi, A.; Cari, C.; Wahyulianti

    2017-11-01

    The solution of the Schrodinger equation with physical potential is the important part in quantum physics. Many methods have been developed to resolve the Schrodinger equation. The Nikiforov-Uvarov method and supersymmetric method are the most methods that interesting to be explored. The supersymmetric method not only used to solve the Schrodinger equation but also used to construct the partner potential from a general potential. In this study, the Nikiforov-Uvarov method was used to solve the Schrodinger equation while the supersymmetric method was used to construction partner potential. The study about the construction of the partner potential from general potential Rosen-Morse and Manning Rosen in D-dimensional Schrodinger system has been done. The partner potential was obtained are solvable. By using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method the eigenfunction of the Schrodinger equation in D-dimensional system with general potential Rosen-Morse and Manning Rosen and the Schrodinger equation in D-dimensional system with partner potential Rosen-Morse and Manning Rosen are determined. The eigenfunctions are different between the Schrodinger equation with general potential and the Schrodinger potential with the partner potential.

  11. Preliminary Classification of Army and Navy Entry-Level Occupations by the Holland Coding System.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-12-01

    Dictionary of Holland Occupational Codes (DOHC; see Gottfredson , Holland, & Ogawa, 1982) either directly or through expert judgment. Results...publications: The Dictionary of Holland Occupational Codes (DHOC; Gottfredson , Holland, & Ogawa, 192) and The Occupations Finder (Holland, 1978). The...occupational categories ( Gottfredson et al., 1982). The agreement between the first letters codes obtained from the 1977 Occupations Finder and the

  12. There is no clam with coats in the calm coast: delimiting the transposed-letter priming effect.

    PubMed

    Duñabeitia, Jon Andoni; Perea, Manuel; Carreiras, Manuel

    2009-10-01

    In this article, we explore the transposed-letter priming effect (e.g., jugde-JUDGE vs. jupte-JUDGE), a phenomenon that taps into some key issues on how the brain encodes letter positions and has favoured the creation of new input coding schemes. However, almost all the empirical evidence from transposed-letter priming experiments comes from nonword primes (e.g., jugde-JUDGE). Indeed, previous evidence when using word-word pairs (e.g., causal-CASUAL) is not conclusive. Here, we conducted five masked priming lexical decision experiments that examined the relationship between pairs of real words that differed only in the transposition of two of their letters (e.g., CASUAL vs. CAUSAL). Results showed that, unlike transposed-letter nonwords, transposed-letter words do not seem to affect the identification time of their transposed-letter mates. Thus, prime lexicality is a key factor that modulates the magnitude of transposed-letter priming effects. These results are interpreted under the assumption of the existence of lateral inhibition processes occurring within the lexical level-which cancels out any orthographic facilitation due to the overlapping letters. We examine the implications of these findings for models of visual-word recognition.

  13. Transposed Letter Priming with Horizontal and Vertical Text in Japanese and English Readers

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Witzel, Naoko; Qiao, Xiaomei; Forster, Kenneth

    2011-01-01

    It is well established that in masked priming, a target word (e.g., "JUDGE") is primed more effectively by a transposed letter (TL) prime (e.g., "jugde") than by an orthographic control prime (e.g., "junpe"). This is inconsistent with the slot coding schemes used in many models of visual word recognition. Several…

  14. 78 FR 22925 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Designation of Longer...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-17

    ... 70857 (Nov. 27, 2012). \\7\\ See Letter from Stephen Matthews, Senior Associate General Counsel, NASDAQ.... 13, 2013. See Letter from Jeffrey S. Davis, Vice President and Deputy General Counsel, NASDAQ OMX.... O'Neill, Deputy Secretary . [FR Doc. 2013-08974 Filed 4-16-13; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 8011-01-P ...

  15. Transposed-letter priming effects in reading aloud words and nonwords.

    PubMed

    Mousikou, Petroula; Kinoshita, Sachiko; Wu, Simon; Norris, Dennis

    2015-10-01

    A masked nonword prime generated by transposing adjacent inner letters in a word (e.g., jugde) facilitates the recognition of the target word (JUDGE) more than a prime in which the relevant letters are replaced by different letters (e.g., junpe). This transposed-letter (TL) priming effect has been widely interpreted as evidence that the coding of letter position is flexible, rather than precise. Although the TL priming effect has been extensively investigated in the domain of visual word recognition using the lexical decision task, very few studies have investigated this empirical phenomenon in reading aloud. In the present study, we investigated TL priming effects in reading aloud words and nonwords and found that these effects are of equal magnitude for the two types of items. We take this result as support for the view that the TL priming effect arises from noisy perception of letter order within the prime prior to the mapping of orthography to phonology.

  16. Code-Switching in Judaeo-Arabic Documents from the Cairo Geniza

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wagner, Esther-Miriam; Connolly, Magdalen

    2018-01-01

    This paper investigates code-switching and script-switching in medieval documents from the Cairo Geniza, written in Judaeo-Arabic (Arabic in Hebrew script), Hebrew, Arabic and Aramaic. Legal documents regularly show a macaronic style of Judaeo-Arabic, Aramaic and Hebrew, while in letters code-switching from Judaeo-Arabic to Hebrew is tied in with…

  17. A Multi-Resolution Data Structure for Two-Dimensional Morse Functions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bremer, P-T; Edelsbrunner, H; Hamann, B

    2003-07-30

    The efficient construction of simplified models is a central problem in the field of visualization. We combine topological and geometric methods to construct a multi-resolution data structure for functions over two-dimensional domains. Starting with the Morse-Smale complex we build a hierarchy by progressively canceling critical points in pairs. The data structure supports mesh traversal operations similar to traditional multi-resolution representations.

  18. Development of children's identity and position processing for letter, digit, and symbol strings: A cross-sectional study of the primary school years.

    PubMed

    Schubert, Teresa; Badcock, Nicholas; Kohnen, Saskia

    2017-10-01

    Letter recognition and digit recognition are critical skills for literate adults, yet few studies have considered the development of these skills in children. We conducted a nine-alternative forced-choice (9AFC) partial report task with strings of letters and digits, with typographical symbols (e.g., $, @) as a control, to investigate the development of identity and position processing in children. This task allows for the delineation of identity processing (as overall accuracy) and position coding (as the proportion of position errors). Our participants were students in Grade 1 to Grade 6, allowing us to track the development of these abilities across the primary school years. Our data suggest that although digit processing and letter processing end up with many similarities in adult readers, the developmental trajectories for identity and position processing for the two character types differ. Symbol processing showed little developmental change in terms of identity or position accuracy. We discuss the implications of our results for theories of identity and position coding: modified receptive field, multiple-route model, and lexical tuning. Despite moderate success for some theories, considerable theoretical work is required to explain the developmental trajectories of letter processing and digit processing, which might not be as closely tied in child readers as they are in adult readers. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  19. Perceptual uncertainty is a property of the cognitive system.

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; Carreiras, Manuel

    2012-10-01

    We qualify Frost's proposals regarding letter-position coding in visual word recognition and the universal model of reading. First, we show that perceptual uncertainty regarding letter position is not tied to European languages-instead it is a general property of the cognitive system. Second, we argue that a universal model of reading should incorporate a developmental view of the reading process.

  20. Data Bank 5 - Origin and Destination Survey City/Airport Nomenclature : fourth quarter : [2006-01

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2006-01-01

    This CD presents the letter alphabetic codes, numeric codes, full name spelling (up to 30 characters), abbreviated name spelling (up to 20 characters), and geographic coordinates for all cities in flight itineraries reported in the Passenger Origin a...

  1. Prosody and Intonation of Western Cham

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ueki, Kaori

    2011-01-01

    This dissertation investigates the prosodic and intonational characteristics of Western Cham (three letter code for International Organization for Standardization's ISO 639-3 code: [iso=cja]), an Austronesian language in the Chamic sub-group. I examine acoustic variables of prominence at word and postlexical levels: syllable duration, pitch…

  2. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of an Idealized Shock Tube: N2 in Ar Bath Driven by He

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Piskulich, Ezekiel Ashe; Sewell, Thomas D.; Thompson, Donald L.

    2015-06-01

    The dynamics of 10% N2 in Ar initially at 298 K in an idealized shock tube driven by He was studied using molecular dynamics. The simulations were performed using the Large-Scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) code. Nitrogen was modeled as a Morse oscillator and non-covalent interactions were approximated by the Buckingham exponential-6 pair potential. The initial pressures in the He driver gas and the driven N2/Ar gas were 1000 atm and 20 atm, respectively. Microcanonical trajectories were followed for 2 ns following release of the driver gas. Results for excitation and subsequent relaxation of the N2, as well as properties of the gas during the simulations, will be reported.

  3. Military Professional Ethics, Code of Conduct, and Military Academies’ Honor Codes,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-04-01

    1981. Mathews, Jay. Ex-POW teaches that a mind can always be free. Washington Post 1:1+, 10 January 1983. 16 Meade, Henry J. Commitment to integrity. Air...to honor code’s review. Air Force Times 45:7, 4 February 1985. Glab , John E. Honor at West Point. (Letter) New York Times 26:5, 13 September 1976

  4. From Grapheme to Phonological Output: Performance of Adults Who Stutter on a Word Jumble Task

    PubMed Central

    McGill, Megann; Sussman, Harvey; Byrd, Courtney T.

    2016-01-01

    Purpose The purpose of the present study was to extend previous research by analyzing the ability of adults who stutter to use phonological working memory in conjunction with lexical access to perform a word jumble task. Method Forty English words consisting of 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-letters (n = 10 per letter length category) were randomly jumbled using a web-based application. During the experimental task, 26 participants were asked to silently manipulate the scrambled letters to form a real word. Each vocal response was coded for accuracy and speech reaction time (SRT). Results Adults who stutter attempted to solve fewer word jumble stimuli than adults who do not stutter at the 4-letter, 5-letter, and 6-letter lengths. Additionally, adults who stutter were significantly less accurate solving word jumble tasks at the 4-letter, 5-letter, and 6-letter lengths compared to adults who do not stutter. At the longest word length (6-letter), SRT was significantly slower for the adults who stutter than the fluent controls. Conclusion Results of the current study lend further support to the notion that differences in various aspects of phonological processing, including vision-to-sound conversions, sub-vocal stimulus manipulation, and/or lexical access are compromised in adults who stutter. PMID:26963917

  5. The role of visual spatial attention in adult developmental dyslexia.

    PubMed

    Collis, Nathan L; Kohnen, Saskia; Kinoshita, Sachiko

    2013-01-01

    The present study investigated the nature of visual spatial attention deficits in adults with developmental dyslexia, using a partial report task with five-letter, digit, and symbol strings. Participants responded by a manual key press to one of nine alternatives, which included other characters in the string, allowing an assessment of position errors as well as intrusion errors. The results showed that the dyslexic adults performed significantly worse than age-matched controls with letter and digit strings but not with symbol strings. Both groups produced W-shaped serial position functions with letter and digit strings. The dyslexics' deficits with letter string stimuli were limited to position errors, specifically at the string-interior positions 2 and 4. These errors correlated with letter transposition reading errors (e.g., reading slat as "salt"), but not with the Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) task. Overall, these results suggest that the dyslexic adults have a visual spatial attention deficit; however, the deficit does not reflect a reduced span in visual-spatial attention, but a deficit in processing a string of letters in parallel, probably due to difficulty in the coding of letter position.

  6. Extending Romanovski polynomials in quantum mechanics

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Quesne, C.

    2013-12-15

    Some extensions of the (third-class) Romanovski polynomials (also called Romanovski/pseudo-Jacobi polynomials), which appear in bound-state wavefunctions of rationally extended Scarf II and Rosen-Morse I potentials, are considered. For the former potentials, the generalized polynomials satisfy a finite orthogonality relation, while for the latter an infinite set of relations among polynomials with degree-dependent parameters is obtained. Both types of relations are counterparts of those known for conventional polynomials. In the absence of any direct information on the zeros of the Romanovski polynomials present in denominators, the regularity of the constructed potentials is checked by taking advantage of the disconjugacy properties ofmore » second-order differential equations of Schrödinger type. It is also shown that on going from Scarf I to Scarf II or from Rosen-Morse II to Rosen-Morse I potentials, the variety of rational extensions is narrowed down from types I, II, and III to type III only.« less

  7. On the use of big-bang method to generate low-energy structures of atomic clusters modeled with pair potentials of different ranges.

    PubMed

    Marques, J M C; Pais, A A C C; Abreu, P E

    2012-02-05

    The efficiency of the so-called big-bang method for the optimization of atomic clusters is analysed in detail for Morse pair potentials with different ranges; here, we have used Morse potentials with four different ranges, from long- ρ = 3) to short-ranged ρ = 14) interactions. Specifically, we study the efficacy of the method in discovering low-energy structures, including the putative global minimum, as a function of the potential range and the cluster size. A new global minimum structure for long-ranged ρ = 3) Morse potential at the cluster size of n= 240 is reported. The present results are useful to assess the maximum cluster size for each type of interaction where the global minimum can be discovered with a limited number of big-bang trials. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  8. The Representation of Action Plans in Long Term Memory

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fussfeld, G. N.; Koenig, W.; Karis, D.

    1984-01-01

    A sequence of experiments conducted on a two hand chord typewriter, to compare the efficiency of different coding principles employed to associate letters with their chord productions is described. This keyboard represents an effort to identify effective alternatives to the existing typewriter. It consists of two seperate 5-key panels (one for each hand), and letters are entered by typing chords composed of one to five fingers. Each panel is capable of producing the full alphabet. One group of experiments was designed to separate between perceptual and motor factors in the acivation of single letter chords. The results underline the importance of perceptual factors in the activation of motor plans. The complexity of the patterns employed to represent letters was shown to account for 50 percent of variance in the typing speeds of single letters. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed in relation to a vision based theory of action plans.

  9. Studies on hand-held visual communication device for the deaf and speech-impaired 2. Keyboard design.

    PubMed

    Thurlow, W R

    1980-01-01

    Experiments with keyboard arrangements of letters show that simple alphabetic letter-key sequences with 4 to 5 letters in a row lead to most rapid visual search performance. Such arrangements can be used on keyboards operated by the index finger of one hand. Arrangement of letters in words offers a promising alternative because these arrangements can be readily memorized and can result in small interletter distances on the keyboard for frequently occurring letter sequences. Experiments on operation of keyboards show that a space or shift key operated by the left hand (which also holds the communication device) results in faster keyboard operation than when space or shift keys on the front of the keyboard (operated by right hand) are used. Special problems of the deaf-blind are discussed. Keyboard arrangements are investigated, and matching tactual codes are suggested.

  10. Selected DOE headquarters publications

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    1979-04-01

    This publication provides listings of (mainly policy and programmatic) publications which have been issued by headquarters organizations of the Department of Energy; assigned a DOE/XXX- type report number code, where XXX is the 1- to 4-letter code for the issuing headquarters organization; received by the Energy Library; and made available to the public.

  11. Bulimia nervosa: friend or foe? The pros and cons of bulimia nervosa.

    PubMed

    Serpell, Lucy; Treasure, Janet

    2002-09-01

    The aim of the current study was to use a qualitative approach to investigate the attitude of people with bulimia nervosa (BN) to their illness. Patients with BN were asked to write two letters to their bulimia, one addressing it as a friend and the other addressing it as an enemy. We used a coding scheme to classify themes in letters of people with anorexia nervosa (AN) to group together themes expressed by those with BN. We revised the coding scheme to include themes that were not present in the letters of people with AN. There were both similarities and differences in the themes described by AN and BN patients. Two positive themes (BN allowing the individuals to eat and not get fat and BN as a way of dealing with boredom) and two negative themes (shame or low self-esteem resulting from BN and obsessive thoughts of weight and shape) were added to the coding scheme to account for these differences. The positive and negative aspects of BN differ in some important ways from those expressed by patients with AN. The meaning of these differences is discussed with reference to the wider symptom pattern of BN compared with AN and their importance with reference to motivation for change is outlined. Copyright 2002 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  12. Proposal and evaluation of FASDIM, a Fast And Simple De-Identification Method for unstructured free-text clinical records.

    PubMed

    Chazard, Emmanuel; Mouret, Capucine; Ficheur, Grégoire; Schaffar, Aurélien; Beuscart, Jean-Baptiste; Beuscart, Régis

    2014-04-01

    Medical free-text records enable to get rich information about the patients, but often need to be de-identified by removing the Protected Health Information (PHI), each time the identification of the patient is not mandatory. Pattern matching techniques require pre-defined dictionaries, and machine learning techniques require an extensive training set. Methods exist in French, but either bring weak results or are not freely available. The objective is to define and evaluate FASDIM, a Fast And Simple De-Identification Method for French medical free-text records. FASDIM consists in removing all the words that are not present in the authorized word list, and in removing all the numbers except those that match a list of protection patterns. The corresponding lists are incremented in the course of the iterations of the method. For the evaluation, the workload is estimated in the course of records de-identification. The efficiency of the de-identification is assessed by independent medical experts on 508 discharge letters that are randomly selected and de-identified by FASDIM. Finally, the letters are encoded after and before de-identification according to 3 terminologies (ATC, ICD10, CCAM) and the codes are compared. The construction of the list of authorized words is progressive: 12h for the first 7000 letters, 16 additional hours for 20,000 additional letters. The Recall (proportion of removed Protected Health Information, PHI) is 98.1%, the Precision (proportion of PHI within the removed token) is 79.6% and the F-measure (harmonic mean) is 87.9%. In average 30.6 terminology codes are encoded per letter, and 99.02% of those codes are preserved despite the de-identification. FASDIM gets good results in French and is freely available. It is easy to implement and does not require any predefined dictionary. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Symbol processing in the left angular gyrus: evidence from passive perception of digits.

    PubMed

    Price, Gavin R; Ansari, Daniel

    2011-08-01

    Arabic digits are one of the most ubiquitous symbol sets in the world. While there have been many investigations into the neural processing of the semantic information digits represent (e.g. through numerical comparison tasks), little is known about the neural mechanisms which support the processing of digits as visual symbols. To characterise the component neurocognitive mechanisms which underlie numerical cognition, it is essential to understand the processing of digits as a visual category, independent of numerical magnitude processing. The 'Triple Code Model' (Dehaene, 1992; Dehaene and Cohen, 1995) posits an asemantic visual code for processing Arabic digits in the ventral visual stream, yet there is currently little empirical evidence in support of this code. This outstanding question was addressed in the current functional Magnetic Resonance (fMRI) study by contrasting brain responses during the passive viewing of digits versus letters and novel symbols at short (50 ms) and long (500 ms) presentation times. The results of this study reveal increased activation for familiar symbols (digits and letters) relative to unfamiliar symbols (scrambled digits and letters) at long presentation durations in the left dorsal Angular gyrus (dAG). Furthermore, increased activation for Arabic digits was observed in the left ventral Angular gyrus (vAG) in comparison to letters, scrambled digits and scrambled letters at long presentation durations, but no digit specific activation in any region at short presentation durations. These results suggest an absence of a digit specific 'Visual Number Form Area' (VNFA) in the ventral visual cortex, and provide evidence for the role of the left ventral AG during the processing of digits in the absence of any explicit processing demands. We conclude that Arabic digit processing depends specifically on the left AG rather than a ventral visual stream VNFA. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  14. Removal Torque and Biofilm Accumulation at Two Dental Implant-Abutment Joints After Fatigue.

    PubMed

    Pereira, Jorge; Morsch, Carolina S; Henriques, Bruno; Nascimento, Rubens M; Benfatti, Cesar Am; Silva, Filipe S; López-López, José; Souza, Júlio Cm

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal torque and in vitro biofilm penetration at Morse taper and hexagonal implant-abutment joints after fatigue tests. Sixty dental implants were divided into two groups: (1) Morse taper and (2) external hexagon implant-abutment systems. Fatigue tests on the implant-abutment assemblies were performed at a normal force (FN) of 50 N at 1.2 Hz for 500,000 cycles in growth medium containing human saliva for 72 hours. Removal torque mean values (n = 10) were measured after fatigue tests. Abutments were then immersed in 1% protease solution in order to detach the biofilms for optical density and colony-forming unit (CFU/cm²) analyses. Groups of implant-abutment assemblies (n = 8) were cross-sectioned at 90 degrees relative to the plane of the implant-abutment joints for the microgap measurement by field-emission guns scanning electron microscopy. Mean values of removal torque on abutments were significantly lower for both Morse taper (22.1 ± 0.5 μm) and external hexagon (21.1 ± 0.7 μm) abutments after fatigue tests than those recorded without fatigue tests (respectively, 24 ± 0.5 μm and 24.8 ± 0.6 μm) in biofilm medium for 72 hours (P = .04). Mean values of microgap size for the Morse taper joints were statistically signicantly lower without fatigue tests (1.7 ± 0.4 μm) than those recorded after fatigue tests (3.2 ± 0.8 μm). Also, mean values of microgap size for external hexagon joints free of fatigue were statistically signicantly lower (1.5 ± 0.4 μm) than those recorded after fatigue tests (8.1 ± 1.7 μm) (P < .05). The optical density of biofilms and CFU mean values were lower on Morse taper abutments (Abs630nm at 0.06 and 2.9 × 10⁴ CFU/cm²) than that on external hexagon abutments (Abs630nm at 0.08 and 4.5 × 10⁴ CFU/cm²) (P = .01). The mean values of removal torque, microgap size, and biofilm density recorded at Morse taper joints were lower in comparison to those recorded at external hexagon implant-abutment joints after fatigue tests in a simulated oral environment for 72 hours.

  15. Theoretical Calculations of XeF Ground State Kinetics.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-03-01

    potential parameters for XeF are taken from Tellinghuisen et al. 3 The values of the Lennard - Jones parameters for HeF...parameters for the Morse potential and the Lennard - Jones potentials are listed in Table 1. These parameters for the Lennard - Jones potentials produce the...relaxation and dissociation. 13 ~ o Table 1. Potential Parameters. Morse Function (XeF)3 De = 3.35 kcal/mol ae=1.726 a.u.-1 re =4.367 a.u. Lennard Jones

  16. Factors associated with fall-related fractures in Parkinson's disease.

    PubMed

    Cheng, Kuei-Yueh; Lin, Wei-Che; Chang, Wen-Neng; Lin, Tzu-Kong; Tsai, Nai-Wen; Huang, Chih-Cheng; Wang, Hung-Chen; Huang, Yung-Cheng; Chang, Hsueh-Wen; Lin, Yu-Jun; Lee, Lian-Hui; Cheng, Ben-Chung; Kung, Chia-Te; Chang, Ya-Ting; Su, Chih-Min; Chiang, Yi-Fang; Su, Yu-Jih; Lu, Cheng-Hsien

    2014-01-01

    Fall-related fracture is one of the most disabling features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). A better understanding of the associated factors is needed to predict PD patients who will require treatment. This prospective study enrolled 100 adult idiopathic PD patients. Stepwise logistic regressions were used to evaluate the relationships between clinical factors and fall-related fracture. Falls occurred in 56 PD patients, including 32 with fall-related fractures. The rate of falls in the study period was 2.2 ± 1.4 per 18 months. The percentage of osteoporosis was 34% (19/56) and 11% in PD patients with and without falls, respectively. Risk factors associated with fall-related fracture were sex, underlying knee osteoarthritis, mean Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score, mean Morse fall scale, mean Hoehn and Yahr stage, and exercise habit. By stepwise logistic regression, sex and mean Morse fall scale were independently associated with fall-related fracture. Females had an odds ratio of 3.8 compared to males and the cut-off value of the Morse fall scale for predicting fall-related fracture was 72.5 (sensitivity 72% and specificity 70%). Higher mean Morse fall scales (>72.5) and female sex are associated with higher risk of fall-related fractures. Preventing falls in the high-risk PD group is an important safety issue and highly relevant for their quality of life. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Experimental and computational investigation of Morse taper conometric system reliability for the definition of fixed connections between dental implants and prostheses.

    PubMed

    Bressan, Eriberto; Lops, Diego; Tomasi, Cristiano; Ricci, Sara; Stocchero, Michele; Carniel, Emanuele Luigi

    2014-07-01

    Nowadays, dental implantology is a reliable technique for treatment of partially and completely edentulous patients. The achievement of stable dentition is ensured by implant-supported fixed dental prostheses. Morse taper conometric system may provide fixed retention between implants and dental prostheses. The aim of this study was to investigate retentive performance and mechanical strength of a Morse taper conometric system used as implant-supported fixed dental prostheses retention. Experimental and finite element investigations were performed. Experimental tests were achieved on a specific abutment-coping system, accounting for both cemented and non-cemented situations. The results from the experimental activities were processed to identify the mechanical behavior of the coping-abutment interface. Finally, the achieved information was applied to develop reliable finite element models of different abutment-coping systems. The analyses were developed accounting for different geometrical conformations of the abutment-coping system, such as different taper angle. The results showed that activation process, occurred through a suitable insertion force, could provide retentive performances equal to a cemented system without compromising the mechanical functionality of the system. These findings suggest that Morse taper conometrical system can provide a fixed connection between implants and dental prostheses if proper insertion force is applied. Activation process does not compromise the mechanical functionality of the system. © IMechE 2014.

  18. The use and nature of grapheme coding during sub-lexical processing and lexical access.

    PubMed

    Commissaire, Eva; Casalis, Séverine

    2018-06-01

    This work aimed to investigate grapheme coding during sub-lexical processing and lexical access. Using the letter detection task in Experiment 1, we compared letter pairs that could be considered as a grapheme unit or not depending on context (referred to as weakly cohesive complex, e.g., an in chant vs cane) to real two-letter graphemes (highly cohesive complex, e.g., au in chaud) and single-letter graphemes (simple, e.g., a in place). Three experimental conditions were used, one of which was designed to prevent phonological influences. Data revealed that only highly cohesive complex graphemes were processed as units, not the weakly cohesive ones. The same pattern was found across experimental conditions in favor of an orthographic mechanism. In Experiments 2 and 3, a primed lexical decision task was used with two stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) and two different ranges of lexical frequency. We manipulated the number of graphemes removed from partial primes ( d**che vs do**he-DOUCHE) and relatedness. In contrast to Experiment 1, no evidence was provided in favor of a role of graphemes during lexical access. We suggest that graphemes can be conceived as sub-lexical orthographic units per se but can only be captured within a sub-lexical route to reading.

  19. Effect of platform connection and abutment material on stress distribution in single anterior implant-supported restorations: a nonlinear 3-dimensional finite element analysis.

    PubMed

    Carvalho, Marco Aurélio; Sotto-Maior, Bruno Salles; Del Bel Cury, Altair Antoninha; Pessanha Henriques, Guilherme Elias

    2014-11-01

    Although various abutment connections and materials have recently been introduced, insufficient data exist regarding the effect of stress distribution on their mechanical performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different abutment materials and platform connections on stress distribution in single anterior implant-supported restorations with the finite element method. Nine experimental groups were modeled from the combination of 3 platform connections (external hexagon, internal hexagon, and Morse tapered) and 3 abutment materials (titanium, zirconia, and hybrid) as follows: external hexagon-titanium, external hexagon-zirconia, external hexagon-hybrid, internal hexagon-titanium, internal hexagon-zirconia, internal hexagon-hybrid, Morse tapered-titanium, Morse tapered-zirconia, and Morse tapered-hybrid. Finite element models consisted of a 4×13-mm implant, anatomic abutment, and lithium disilicate central incisor crown cemented over the abutment. The 49 N occlusal loading was applied in 6 steps to simulate the incisal guidance. Equivalent von Mises stress (σvM) was used for both the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the implant and abutment in all the groups and the maximum (σmax) and minimum (σmin) principal stresses for the numerical comparison of the zirconia parts. The highest abutment σvM occurred in the Morse-tapered groups and the lowest in the external hexagon-hybrid, internal hexagon-titanium, and internal hexagon-hybrid groups. The σmax and σmin values were lower in the hybrid groups than in the zirconia groups. The stress distribution concentrated in the abutment-implant interface in all the groups, regardless of the platform connection or abutment material. The platform connection influenced the stress on abutments more than the abutment material. The stress values for implants were similar among different platform connections, but greater stress concentrations were observed in internal connections. Copyright © 2014 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  20. Geometrical and Topological Methods in Time Domain Antenna Synthesis

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-04-30

    94 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS GEOMETRICAL & TOPOLOGICAL METHODS IN TIME DOMAIN ANTENNA SYNTHESIS (U) 6. AUTHOR(S) j 61102F i 2304/BS...34 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED j UNCLASSIFIED SAR(SAME AS REPORT) -. Final Technical Report Grant F49620-92-J-0056 Geometrical and Topological Methods in Time...Morse theory, we may try to relate Witten’s proof of the Morse inequalities[92’, the heat equation method for harmonic forms[30], in the context of

  1. Archaeological Investigations at 3SF332: An Early Mississippian and Tenant Period Site on Cutoff Bayou, St. Francis County, Arkansas

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-06-01

    Chucalissa (40SY1). Laboratory work at C.H. Nash Museum. Testing of suspected mound site near Reelfoot Lake , Obion County, Tennessee. Archaeological...geese (Branta canadensis). Fish from the larger streams, oxbow lakes , and beaver ponds, such as the flathead catfish, alligator gar, drum, buffalo...Zebree site in northeast Arkansas (Morse and Morse 1980), which is the type site for the Big Lake phase. Similar components have been recently

  2. Stimulus-Response Compatibility in Spatial Precuing and Symbolic Identification: Effects of Coding Practice, Retention and Transfer

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-05-31

    for the effects. Most of the pqychophysiological research has examined event-related potentials (ERPs). Bashore (Chapter 7 ), Ragot (Chapter 8), and...flanking noise letters I signaled a response that was incongruent with the resTcnse i:.dicated b., a target letter. Bashore (Chapter 7 ) describes a...forms. First, compatibility effects have been used as estimates of interhemispheric transmission time (Bashore, I Chapter 7 ). The logic, articulated

  3. Word and Pseudoword Superiority Effects: Evidence From a Shallow Orthography Language.

    PubMed

    Ripamonti, Enrico; Luzzatti, Claudio; Zoccolotti, Pierluigi; Traficante, Daniela

    2017-08-03

    The Word Superiority Effect (WSE) denotes better recognition of a letter embedded in a word rather than in a pseudoword. Along with WSE, also a Pseudoword Superiority Effect (PSE) has been described: it is easier to recognize a letter in a legal pseudoword than in an unpronounceable nonword. At the current state of the art, both WSE and PSE have been mainly tested with English speakers. The present study uses the Reicher-Wheeler paradigm with native speakers of Italian (a shallow orthography language). Differently from English and French, we found WSE for RTs only, whereas PSE was significant for both accuracy and reaction times (RTs). This finding indicates that, in the Reicher-Wheeler task, readers of a shallow orthography language can effectively rely on both the lexical and the sublexical routes. As to the effect of letter position, a clear advantage for the first letter position emerged, a finding suggesting a fine-grained processing of the letter strings with coding of letter position, and indicating the role of visual acuity and crowding factors.

  4. Disentangling the developmental trajectories of letter position and letter identity coding using masked priming.

    PubMed

    Kezilas, Yvette; McKague, Meredith; Kohnen, Saskia; Badcock, Nicholas A; Castles, Anne

    2017-02-01

    Masked transposed-letter (TL) priming effects have been used to index letter position processing over the course of reading development. Whereas some studies have reported an increase in TL priming over development, others have reported a decrease. These findings have led to the development of 2 somewhat contradictory accounts of letter position development: the lexical tuning hypothesis and the multiple-route model. One factor that may be contributing to these discrepancies is the use of baseline primes that substitute letters in the target word, which may confound the effect of changes in letter position processing over development with those of letter identity. The present study included an identity prime (e.g., listen-LISTEN), in addition to the standard two-substituted-letter (2SL; e.g., lidfen-LISTEN) and all-letter-different (ALD; e.g., rodfup-LISTEN) baselines, to remove the potential confound between letter position and letter identity information in determining the effect of the TL prime. Priming effects were measured in a lexical decision task administered to children aged 7-12 and a group of university students. Using inverse transformed response times, targets preceded by a TL prime were responded to significantly faster than those preceded by 2SL and ALD primes, and priming remained stable across development. In contrast, targets preceded by a TL prime were responded to significantly slower than those preceded by an ID prime, and this reaction-time cost increased significantly over development, with adults showing the largest cost. These findings are consistent with a lexical tuning account of letter position development, and are inconsistent with the multiple-route model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  5. Path integral solution for a Klein-Gordon particle in vector and scalar deformed radial Rosen-Morse-type potentials

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Khodja, A.; Kadja, A.; Benamira, F.; Guechi, L.

    2017-12-01

    The problem of a Klein-Gordon particle moving in equal vector and scalar Rosen-Morse-type potentials is solved in the framework of Feynman's path integral approach. Explicit path integration leads to a closed form for the radial Green's function associated with different shapes of the potentials. For q≤-1, and 1/2α ln | q|0, it is shown that the quantization conditions for the bound state energy levels E_{nr} are transcendental equations which can be solved numerically. Three special cases such as the standard radial Manning-Rosen potential (| q| =1), the standard radial Rosen-Morse potential (V2→ -V2,q=1) and the radial Eckart potential (V1→ -V1,q=1) are also briefly discussed.

  6. Thermal and athermal three-dimensional swarms of self-propelled particles

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nguyen, Nguyen H. P.; Jankowski, Eric; Glotzer, Sharon C.

    2012-07-01

    Swarms of self-propelled particles exhibit complex behavior that can arise from simple models, with large changes in swarm behavior resulting from small changes in model parameters. We investigate the steady-state swarms formed by self-propelled Morse particles in three dimensions using molecular dynamics simulations optimized for graphics processing units. We find a variety of swarms of different overall shape assemble spontaneously and that for certain Morse potential parameters at most two competing structures are observed. We report a rich “phase diagram” of athermal swarm structures observed across a broad range of interaction parameters. Unlike the structures formed in equilibrium self-assembly, we find that the probability of forming a self-propelled swarm can be biased by the choice of initial conditions. We investigate how thermal noise influences swarm formation and demonstrate ways it can be exploited to reconfigure one swarm into another. Our findings validate and extend previous observations of self-propelled Morse swarms and highlight open questions for predictive theories of nonequilibrium self-assembly.

  7. Second and third harmonic generation associated to infrared transitions in a Morse quantum well under applied electric and magnetic fields

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Restrepo, R. L.; Kasapoglu, E.; Sakiroglu, S.; Ungan, F.; Morales, A. L.; Duque, C. A.

    2017-09-01

    The effects of electric and magnetic fields on the second and third harmonic generation coefficients in a Morse potential quantum well are theoretically studied. The energy levels and corresponding wave functions are obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation for the electron in the parabolic band scheme and effective mass approximations and the envelope function approach. The results show that both the electric and the magnetic fields have significant influence on the magnitudes and resonant peak energy positions of the second and third harmonic generation responses. In general, the Morse potential profile becomes wider and shallower as γ -parameter increases and so the energies of the bound states will be functions of this parameter. Therefore, we can conclude that the effects of the electric and magnetic fields can be used to tune and control the optical properties of interest in the range of the infrared electromagnetic spectrum.

  8. Binding energy of the donor impurities in GaAs-Ga 1- x Al x As quantum well wires with Morse potential in the presence of electric and magnetic fields

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aciksoz, Esra; Bayrak, Orhan; Soylu, Asim

    2016-10-01

    The behavior of a donor in the GaAs-Ga1-x Al x As quantum well wire represented by the Morse potential is examined within the framework of the effective-mass approximation. The donor binding energies are numerically calculated for with and without the electric and magnetic fields in order to show their influence on the binding energies. Moreover, how the donor binding energies change for the constant potential parameters (D e, r e, and a) as well as with the different values of the electric and magnetic field strengths is determined. It is found that the donor binding energy is highly dependent on the external electric and magnetic fields as well as parameters of the Morse potential. Project supported by the Turkish Science Research Council (TÜBİTAK) and the Financial Supports from Akdeniz and Nigde Universities.

  9. Filtering properties of Thue-Morse nano-photonic crystals containing high-temperature superconductor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Talebzadeh, Robabeh; Bavaghar, Mehrdad

    2018-05-01

    In this paper, we introduced new design of quasi-periodic layered structures by choosing order two of ternary Thue-Morse structure. We considered Superconductor-dielectric photonic crystal with mirror symmetric as (ABSSAB)N(BASSBA)N composed of two kinds of nano-scale dielectric layers (A and B) and high-temperature superconductor layers where N is the number of period. This structure is assumed to be the free space. By using the transfer matrix method and the two fluid model, we theoretically study the transmission spectrum of ternary Thue-Morse superconducting photonic crystals with mirror symmetry and introduce this structure as a narrow optical filter. We showed that transmission peak so-called defect mode appears itself inside the transmission spectrum of suggested structure as same as defective layered structure. Also, we analyzed the influence of various related parameters such as the operating temperature of superconductor layer on position of defect mode. The redshift of defect mode with increasing the operating temperature was observed.

  10. Study of interaction in silica glass via model potential approach

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mann, Sarita; Rani, Pooja

    2016-05-01

    Silica is one of the most commonly encountered substances in daily life and in electronics industry. Crystalline SiO2 (in several forms: quartz, cristobalite, tridymite) is an important constituent of many minerals and gemstones, both in pure form and mixed with related oxides. Cohesive energy of amorphous SiO2 has been investigated via intermolecular potentials i.e weak Van der Waals interaction and Morse type short-range interaction. We suggest a simple atom-atom based Van der Waals as well as Morse potential to find cohesive energy of glass. It has been found that the study of silica structure using two different model potentials is significantly different. Van der Waals potential is too weak (P.E =0.142eV/molecule) to describe the interaction between silica molecules. Morse potential is a strong potential, earlier given for intramolecular bonding, but if applied for intermolecular bonding, it gives a value of P.E (=-21.92eV/molecule) to appropriately describe the structure of silica.

  11. Illusory conjunctions in simultanagnosia: coarse coding of visual feature location?

    PubMed

    McCrea, Simon M; Buxbaum, Laurel J; Coslett, H Branch

    2006-01-01

    Simultanagnosia is a disorder characterized by an inability to see more than one object at a time. We report a simultanagnosic patient (ED) with bilateral posterior infarctions who produced frequent illusory conjunctions on tasks involving form and surface features (e.g., a red T) and form alone. ED also produced "blend" errors in which features of one familiar perceptual unit appeared to migrate to another familiar perceptual unit (e.g., "RO" read as "PQ"). ED often misread scrambled letter strings as a familiar word (e.g., "hmoe" read as "home"). Finally, ED's success in reporting two letters in an array was inversely related to the distance between the letters. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that ED's illusory reflect coarse coding of visual feature location that is ameliorated in part by top-down information from object and word recognition systems; the findings are also consistent, however, with Treisman's Feature Integration Theory. Finally, the data provide additional support for the claim that the dorsal parieto-occipital cortex is implicated in the binding of visual feature information.

  12. Family Access to a Dentist Study (FADS): A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial

    PubMed Central

    Nelson, Suchitra; Riedy, Christine; Albert, Jeffrey M; Lee, Wonik; Slusar, Mary Beth; Curtan, Shelley; Ferretti, Gerald; Cunha-Cruz, Joana; Milgrom, Peter

    2015-01-01

    Introduction Many low-income parent/caregivers do not understand the importance of cavity-free primary (baby) teeth and the chronic nature of dental caries (tooth decay). As a consequence, dental preventive and treatment utilization is low even when children are screened in schools and referred for care. This study aims to test a referral letter and Dental Information Guide (DIG) designed using the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM) framework to improve caregivers’ illness perception of dental caries and increase utilization of care by children with restorative dental needs. Methods A multi-site randomized controlled trial with caregivers of Kindergarten to 4th grade children in urban Ohio and rural Washington State will compare five arms: (1) CSM referral letter alone; (2) CSM referral letter + DIG; (3) reduced CSM referral letter alone; (4) reduced CSM referral letter + DIG; (5) standard (control) referral. At baseline, children will be screened at school to determine restorative dental needs. If in need of treatment, caregivers will be randomized to study arms and an intervention packet will be sent home. The primary outcome will be dental care based on a change in oral health status by clinical examination 7 months post-screening (ICDAS sealant codes 1 and 2; restoration codes 3–8; extraction). Enrollment commenced summer 2015 with results in summer 2016. Conclusion This study uses the CSM framework to develop and test behavioral interventions to increase dental utilization among low-income caregivers. If effective this simple intervention has broad applicability in clinical and community-based settings. PMID:26500170

  13. Family Access to a Dentist Study (FADS): A multi-center randomized controlled trial.

    PubMed

    Nelson, Suchitra; Riedy, Christine; Albert, Jeffrey M; Lee, Wonik; Slusar, Mary Beth; Curtan, Shelley; Ferretti, Gerald; Cunha-Cruz, Joana; Milgrom, Peter

    2015-11-01

    Many low-income parent/caregivers do not understand the importance of cavity-free primary (baby) teeth and the chronic nature of dental caries (tooth decay). As a consequence, dental preventive and treatment utilization is low even when children are screened in schools and referred for care. This study aims to test a referral letter and Dental Information Guide (DIG) designed using the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM) framework to improve caregivers' illness perception of dental caries and increase utilization of care by children with restorative dental needs. A multi-site randomized controlled trial with caregivers of Kindergarten to 4th grade children in urban Ohio and rural Washington State will compare five arms: (1) CSM referral letter alone; (2) CSM referral letter+DIG; (3) reduced CSM referral letter alone; (4) reduced CSM referral letter+DIG; and (5) standard (control) referral. At baseline, children will be screened at school to determine restorative dental needs. If in need of treatment, caregivers will be randomized to study arms and an intervention packet will be sent home. The primary outcome will be dental care based on a change in oral health status by clinical examination 7 months post-screening (ICDAS sealant codes 1 and 2; restoration codes 3-8; extraction). Enrollment commenced summer 2015 with results in summer 2016. This study uses the CSM framework to develop and test behavioral interventions to increase dental utilization among low-income caregivers. If effective this simple intervention has broad applicability in clinical and community-based settings. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  14. Relationships between language input and letter output modes in writing notes and summaries for students in grades 4 to 9 with persisting writing disabilities.

    PubMed

    Thompson, Robert; Tanimoto, Steven; Abbott, Robert; Nielsen, Kathleen; Lyman, Ruby Dawn; Geselowitz, Kira; Habermann, Katrien; Mickail, Terry; Raskind, Marshall; Peverly, Stephen; Nagy, William; Berninger, Virginia

    2017-01-01

    This study in programmatic research on technology-supported instruction first identified, through pretesting using evidence-based criteria, students with persisting specific learning disabilities (SLDs) in written language during middle childhood (grades 4-6) and early adolescence (grades 7-9). Participants then completed computerized writing instruction and posttesting. The 12 computer lessons varied output modes (letter production by stylus alternating with hunt and peck keyboarding versus by pencil with grooves alternating with touch typing on keyboard), input (read or heard source material), and task (notes or summaries). Posttesting and coded notes and summaries showed the effectiveness of computerized writing instruction on both writing tasks for multiple modes of language input and letter production output for improving letter production and related writing skills.

  15. Relationships between Language Input and Letter Output Modes in Writing Notes and Summaries for Students in Grades 4 to 9 with Persisting Writing Disabilities

    PubMed Central

    Thompson, Robert; Tanimoto, Steven; Abbott, Robert; Nielsen, Kathleen; Lyman, Ruby Dawn; Geselowitz, Kira; Habermann, Katrien; Mickail, Terry; Raskind, Marshall; Peverly, Stephen; Nagy, William; Berninger, Virginia

    2017-01-01

    This study in programmatic research on technology-supported instruction first identified, through pretesting using evidence-based criteria, students with persisting specific learning disabilities (SLDs) in written language during middle childhood (grades 4-6) and early adolescence (grades 7-9). Participants then completed computerized writing instruction and posttesting. The 12 computer lessons varied output modes (letter production by stylus alternating with hunt and peck keyboarding versus by pencil with grooves alternating with touch typing on keyboard), input (read or heard source material), and task (notes or summaries). Posttesting and coded notes and summaries showed the effectiveness of computerized writing instruction on both writing tasks for multiple modes of language input and letter production output for improving letter production and related writing skills. PMID:27434553

  16. Bioterrorism-related Inhalational Anthrax in an Elderly Woman, Connecticut, 2001

    PubMed Central

    Mead, Paul; Armstrong, Gregory L.; Painter, John; Kelley, Katherine A.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; Mayo, Donald; Barden, Diane; Ridzon, Renee; Parashar, Umesh; Teshale, Eyasu Habtu; Williams, Jen; Noviello, Stephanie; Perz, Joseph F.; Mast, Eric E.; Swerdlow, David L.; Hadler, James L.

    2003-01-01

    On November 20, 2001, inhalational anthrax was confirmed in an elderly woman from rural Connecticut. To determine her exposure source, we conducted an extensive epidemiologic, environmental, and laboratory investigation. Molecular subtyping showed that her isolate was indistinguishable from isolates associated with intentionally contaminated letters. No samples from her home or community yielded Bacillus anthracis, and she received no first-class letters from facilities known to have processed intentionally contaminated letters. Environmental sampling in the regional Connecticut postal facility yielded B. anthracis spores from 4 (31%) of 13 sorting machines. One extensively contaminated machine primarily processes bulk mail. A second machine that does final sorting of bulk mail for her zip code yielded B. anthracis on the column of bins for her carrier route. The evidence suggests she was exposed through a cross-contaminated bulk mail letter. Such cross-contamination of letters and postal facilities has implications for managing the response to future B. anthracis–contaminated mailings. PMID:12781007

  17. The bacterial sealing capacity of morse taper implant-abutment systems in vitro.

    PubMed

    Ranieri, Rogerio; Ferreira, Andreia; Souza, Emmanuel; Arcoverde, Joao; Dametto, Fabio; Gade-Neto, Cicero; Seabra, Flavio; Sarmento, Carlos

    2015-05-01

    The use of Morse taper systems in dental implantology has been associated widely with a more precise adaptation between implants and their respective abutments. This may lead to an increase in the stability of the implant system and may also prevent microbial invasion through the implant-abutment interface. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the ability of four commercially available Morse taper system units to impede bacterial penetration through their implant-abutment interfaces. Abutments were screwed onto the implants, and the units were subsequently immersed in Streptococcus sanguinis bacterial broth (1 × 10(8) colony forming units/mL) for 48 hours. The units were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) under three conditions: 1) with the implant-abutment components assembled as units to investigate for both the existence of microgaps and the presence of bacteria; 2) with the implants and abutments separated for examination of internal surfaces; and 3) with the implant-abutment components again assembled as units to measure any microgaps detected. The mean size of the microgaps in each unit was determined by measuring, under SEM, their width in four equidistant points. Microgaps were detected in all units with no significant differences in dimension (Kruskal-Wallis test, P >0.05). Within all units, the presence of bacteria was also observed. The seals provided by the interfaces of the commercially available Morse taper implant-abutment units tested were not sufficiently small to shield the implant from bacterial penetration.

  18. Cone-morse implant connection system significantly reduces bacterial leakage between implant and abutment: an in vitro study.

    PubMed

    Baj, A; Bolzoni, A; Russillo, A; Lauritano, D; Palmieri, A; Cura, F; Silvestre, F J; Giannì, A B

    2017-01-01

    Osseointegrated implants are very popular dental treatments today in the world. In osseointegrated implants, the occlusal forces are transmitted from prosthesis through an abutment to a dental implant. The abutment is connected to the implant by mean of a screw. A screw is the most used mean for connecting an implant to an abutment. Frequently the screws break and are lost. There is an alternative to screw retained abutment systems: the cone-morse connection (CMC). The CMC, thanks to the absence of the abutment screw, guarantees no micro-gaps, no micro-movements, and a reduction of bacterial leakage between implant and abutment. As P. gingivalis and T. forsythia penetration might have clinical relevance, it was the purpose of this investigation to evaluate molecular leakage of these two bacteria in a new CMC implants systems (Leone Spa®, Florence, Italy). To identify the capability of the implant to protect the internal space from the external environment, the passage of genetically modified Escherichia coli across implant-abutment interface was evaluated. Four cone-morse Leone implants (Leone® Spa, Florence, Italy) were immerged in a bacterial culture for 24 h and bacteria amount was then measured inside implant-abutment interface with Real-time PCR. Bacteria were detected inside all studied implants, with a median percentage of 3% for P. gingivalis and 4% for T. forsythia. Cone-morse connection implant system has very low bacterial leakage percentage and is similar to one-piece implants.

  19. 49 CFR 178.702 - IBC codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... solids, discharged by gravity Under pressure of more than 10 kPa (1.45 psig) For liquids Rigid 11 21 31 Flexible 13 (2) Intermediate bulk container code letter designations are as follows: “A” means steel (all types and surface treatments). “B” means aluminum. “C” means natural wood. “D” means plywood. “F” means...

  20. Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Assessment for Dyslexia in Adolescents and Young Adults

    PubMed Central

    Nielsen, Kathleen; Abbott, Robert; Griffin, Whitney; Lott, Joe; Raskind, Wendy; Berninger, Virginia W.

    2016-01-01

    The same working memory and reading and writing achievement phenotypes (behavioral markers of genetic variants) validated in prior research with younger children and older adults in a multi-generational family genetics study of dyslexia were used to study 81 adolescent and young adults (ages 16 to 25) from that study. Dyslexia is impaired word reading and spelling skills below the population mean and ability to use oral language to express thinking. These working memory predictor measures were given and used to predict reading and writing achievement: Coding (storing and processing) heard and spoken words (phonological coding), read and written words (orthographic coding), base words and affixes (morphological coding), and accumulating words over time (syntax coding); Cross-Code Integration (phonological loop for linking phonological name and orthographic letter codes and orthographic loop for linking orthographic letter codes and finger sequencing codes), and Supervisory Attention (focused and switching attention and self-monitoring during written word finding). Multiple regressions showed that most predictors explained individual difference in at least one reading or writing outcome, but which predictors explained unique variance beyond shared variance depended on outcome. ANOVAs confirmed that research-supported criteria for dyslexia validated for younger children and their parents could be used to diagnose which adolescents and young adults did (n=31) or did not (n=50) meet research criteria for dyslexia. Findings are discussed in reference to the heterogeneity of phenotypes (behavioral markers of genetic variables) and their application to assessment for accommodations and ongoing instruction for adolescents and young adults with dyslexia. PMID:26855554

  1. Electroencephalography: Subdural Multi-Electrode Brain Chip.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1995-12-01

    showing a blind subject reading Braille letters that had been inserted into his visual cortex by stimulating appropriate sets of electrodes. The...subject in Dobelle’s experiment 50 had been blind for 10 years and was able to read Braille at 30 letters a minute using a 64 electrode array for...Evans, "’ Braille ’ Reading by a Blind Volunteer by Visual cortex Stimulation," Nature, 259: 111-112 (January 1976). A.K. Engel, et al. "Temporal Coding

  2. Pseudospin symmetry for modified Rosen-Morse potential including a Pekeris-type approximation to the pseudo-centrifugal term

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wei, Gao-Feng; Dong, Shi-Hai

    2010-11-01

    By applying a Pekeris-type approximation to the pseudo-centrifugal term, we study the pseudospin symmetry of a Dirac nucleon subjected to scalar and vector modified Rosen-Morse (MRM) potentials. A complicated quartic energy equation and spinor wave functions with arbitrary spin-orbit coupling quantum number k are presented. The pseudospin degeneracy is checked numerically. Pseudospin symmetry is discussed theoretically and numerically in the limit case α rightarrow 0 . It is found that the relativistic MRM potential cannot trap a Dirac nucleon in this limit.

  3. Kepler Media Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-19

    Jon Morse, Director, Astrophysics Division, at NASA Headquarters, left, talks about the Kepler mission during a media briefing, Thursday, Feb. 19, 2008, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Morse was joined at the briefing by William Borucki, principal investigator for Kepler Science at Ames Research Center, second left, Jim Fanson, Kepler Project Manager at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Debra Fischer, professor of Astronomy at San Francisco State University, right. Kepler is scheduled to launch on March 5, 2009 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. aboard a Delta II rocket. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul. E. Alers)

  4. The topological particle and Morse theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rogers, Alice

    2000-09-01

    Canonical BRST quantization of the topological particle defined by a Morse function h is described. Stochastic calculus, using Brownian paths which implement the WKB method in a new way providing rigorous tunnelling results even in curved space, is used to give an explicit and simple expression for the matrix elements of the evolution operator for the BRST Hamiltonian. These matrix elements lead to a representation of the manifold cohomology in terms of critical points of h along lines developed by Witten (Witten E 1982 J. Diff. Geom. 17 661-92).

  5. Energy band and transport properties in magnetic aperiodic graphene superlattices of Thue-Morse sequence

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yin, Yiheng; Niu, Yanxiong; Zhang, Huiyun; Zhang, Yuping; Liu, Haiyue

    2016-02-01

    Utilizing the transfer matrix method, we develop the electronic band structure and transport properties in Thue-Morse aperiodic graphene superlattices with magnetic barriers. It is found that the normal transmission is blocked and the position of the Dirac point can be shifted along the wavevector axis by changing the height and width ratio of magnetic barriers, which is intrinsic different from electronic field modulated superlattices. In addition, the angular threshold property of the transmission spectra and the oscillatory property of the conductance have been studied.

  6. Longitudinal Relations Between Parental Writing Support and Preschoolers’ Language and Literacy Skills

    PubMed Central

    Bindman, Samantha W.; Hindman, Annemarie H.; Aram, Dorit; Morrison, Frederick J.

    2013-01-01

    Parental writing support was examined over time and in relation to children’s language and literacy skills. Seventy-seven parents and their preschoolers were videotaped writing an invitation together twice during one year. Parental writing support was coded at the level of the letter to document parents’ graphophonemic support (letter–sound correspondence), print support (letter formation), and demand for precision (expectation for correcting writing errors). Parents primarily relied on only a couple print (i.e., parent writing the letter alone) and graphophonemic (i.e., saying the word as a whole, dictating letters as children write) strategies. Graphophonemic and print support in preschool predicted children’s decoding skills, and graphophonemic support also predicted children’s future phonological awareness. Neither type of support predicted children’s vocabulary scores. Demand for precision occurred infrequently and was unrelated to children’s outcomes. Findings demonstrate the importance of parental writing support for augmenting children’s literacy skills. PMID:25045186

  7. Northwest range-plant symbols adapted to automatic data processing.

    Treesearch

    George A. Garrison; Jon M. Skovlin

    1960-01-01

    Many range technicians, agronomists, foresters, biologists, and botanists of various educational institutions and government agencies in the Northwest have been using a four-letter symbol list or code compiled 12 years ago from records of plants collected by the U.S. Forest Service in Oregon and Washington, This code has served well as a means of entering plant names...

  8. Exploring the Effects of Congruence and Holland's Personality Codes on Job Satisfaction: An Application of Hierarchical Linear Modeling Techniques

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ishitani, Terry T.

    2010-01-01

    This study applied hierarchical linear modeling to investigate the effect of congruence on intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of job satisfaction. Particular focus was given to differences in job satisfaction by gender and by Holland's first-letter codes. The study sample included nationally represented 1462 female and 1280 male college graduates who…

  9. Guide to the TANDEM System for the Modern Languages Department Tape Library: A Non-Technical Guide for Teachers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hounsell, D.; And Others

    This guide for teachers to the tape indexing system (TANDEM) in use at the Modern Languages Department at Portsmouth Polytechnic focuses on tape classification, numbering, labeling, and shelving system procedures. The appendixes contain information on: (1) the classification system and related codes, (2) color and letter codes, (3) marking of tape…

  10. A text input system developed by using lips image recognition based LabVIEW for the seriously disabled.

    PubMed

    Chen, S C; Shao, C L; Liang, C K; Lin, S W; Huang, T H; Hsieh, M C; Yang, C H; Luo, C H; Wuo, C M

    2004-01-01

    In this paper, we present a text input system for the seriously disabled by using lips image recognition based on LabVIEW. This system can be divided into the software subsystem and the hardware subsystem. In the software subsystem, we adopted the technique of image processing to recognize the status of mouth-opened or mouth-closed depending the relative distance between the upper lip and the lower lip. In the hardware subsystem, parallel port built in PC is used to transmit the recognized result of mouth status to the Morse-code text input system. Integrating the software subsystem with the hardware subsystem, we implement a text input system by using lips image recognition programmed in LabVIEW language. We hope the system can help the seriously disabled to communicate with normal people more easily.

  11. Early development of language by hand: composing, reading, listening, and speaking connections; three letter-writing modes; and fast mapping in spelling.

    PubMed

    Berninger, Virginia W; Abbott, Robert D; Jones, Janine; Wolf, Beverly J; Gould, Laura; Anderson-Youngstrom, Marci; Shimada, Shirley; Apel, Kenn

    2006-01-01

    The first findings from a 5-year, overlapping-cohorts longitudinal study of typical language development are reported for (a) the interrelationships among Language by Ear (listening), Mouth (speaking), Eye (reading), and Hand (writing) in Cohort 1 in 1st and 3rd grade and Cohort 2 in 3rd and 5th grade; (b) the interrelationships among three modes of Language by Hand (writing manuscript letters with pen and keyboard and cursive letters with pen) in each cohort in the same grade levels as (a); and (c) the ability of the 1st graders in Cohort 1 and the 3rd graders in Cohort 2 to apply fast mapping in learning to spell pseudowords. Results showed that individual differences in Listening Comprehension, Oral Expression, Reading Comprehension, and Written Expression are stable developmentally, but each functional language system is only moderately correlated with the others. Likewise, manuscript writing, cursive writing, and keyboarding are only moderately correlated, and each has a different set of unique neuropsychological predictors depending on outcome measure and grade level. Results support the use of the following neuropsychological measures in assessing handwriting modes: orthographic coding, rapid automatic naming, finger succession (grapho-motor planning for sequential finger movements), inhibition, inhibition/switching, and phonemes skills (which may facilitate transfer of abstract letter identities across letter formats and modes of production). Both 1st and 3rd graders showed evidence of fast mapping of novel spoken word forms onto written word forms over 3 brief sessions (2 of which involved teaching) embedded in the assessment battery; and this fast mapping explained unique variance in their spelling achievement over and beyond their orthographic and phonological coding abilities and correlated significantly with current and next-year spelling achievement.

  12. The inter-rater reliability test of the modified Morse Fall Scale among patients ≥ 55 years old in an acute care hospital in Singapore.

    PubMed

    Tang, Wing Sze; Chow, Yeow Leng; Koh, Serena Siew Lin

    2014-02-01

    A prospective, descriptive study was conducted in an acute care hospital in Singapore to determine the inter-rater reliability of the modified Morse Fall Scale by evaluating the degrees of agreement on the ratings of the individual items and overall score between the 'gold standard' assessor and the facility assessors. One hundred and forty-two subjects were recruited during the 1.5 month data collection period. The simple and weighted κ-values were all > 0.8 except for the item 'effects of medications' (κ and κw  = 0.63), and the correlation coefficient (rs  = 0.89) was significantly high at a significance level of < 0.001. The modified Morse Fall Scale was shown to be a reliable fall risk assessment tool having a relative high inter-rater reliability level for the overall score and individual items. This study provides evidence-based psychometric support for the clinical application of this tool. © 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

  13. Complete de-Dopplerization and acoustic holography for external noise of a high-speed train.

    PubMed

    Yang, Diange; Wen, Junjie; Miao, Feng; Wang, Ziteng; Gu, Xiaoan; Lian, Xiaomin

    2016-09-01

    Identification and measurement of moving sound sources are the bases for vehicle noise control. Acoustic holography has been applied in successfully identifying the moving sound source since the 1990s. However, due to the high demand for the accuracy of holographic data, currently the maximum velocity achieved by acoustic holography is just above 100 km/h. The objective of this study was to establish a method based on the complete Morse acoustic model to restore the measured signal in high-speed situations, and to propose a far-field acoustic holography method applicable for high-speed moving sound sources. Simulated comparisons of the proposed far-field acoustic holography with complete Morse model, the acoustic holography with simplified Morse model and traditional delay-and-sum beamforming were conducted. Experiments with a high-speed train running at the speed of 278 km/h validated the proposed far-field acoustic holography. This study extended the applications of acoustic holography to high-speed situations and established the basis for quantitative measurements of far-field acoustic holography.

  14. Constructing high-accuracy intermolecular potential energy surface with multi-dimension Morse/Long-Range model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhai, Yu; Li, Hui; Le Roy, Robert J.

    2018-04-01

    Spectroscopically accurate Potential Energy Surfaces (PESs) are fundamental for explaining and making predictions of the infrared and microwave spectra of van der Waals (vdW) complexes, and the model used for the potential energy function is critically important for providing accurate, robust and portable analytical PESs. The Morse/Long-Range (MLR) model has proved to be one of the most general, flexible and accurate one-dimensional (1D) model potentials, as it has physically meaningful parameters, is flexible, smooth and differentiable everywhere, to all orders and extrapolates sensibly at both long and short ranges. The Multi-Dimensional Morse/Long-Range (mdMLR) potential energy model described herein is based on that 1D MLR model, and has proved to be effective and accurate in the potentiology of various types of vdW complexes. In this paper, we review the current status of development of the mdMLR model and its application to vdW complexes. The future of the mdMLR model is also discussed. This review can serve as a tutorial for the construction of an mdMLR PES.

  15. [Design and implementation of controlling smart car systems using P300 brain-computer interface].

    PubMed

    Wang, Jinjia; Yang, Chengjie; Hu, Bei

    2013-04-01

    Using human electroencephalogram (EEG) to control external devices in order to achieve a variety of functions has been focus of the field of brain-computer interface (BCI) research. P300 is experiments which stimulate the eye to produce EEG by using letters flashing, and then identify the corresponding letters. In this paper, some improvements based on the P300 experiments were made??. Firstly, the matrix of flashing letters were modified into words which represent a certain sense. Secondly, the BCI2000 procedures were added with the corresponding source code. Thirdly, the smart car systems were designed using the radiofrequency signal. Finally it was realized that the evoked potentials were used to control the state of the smart car.

  16. Letters From Peplau.

    PubMed

    Peden, Ann R

    2018-03-01

    Dr. Hildegard Peplau, considered to be our first modern Nurse theorist and the Mother of Psychiatric Nursing, was a prolific writer, engaging in correspondence with colleagues and students who sought her professional and theoretical expertise. Through these letters, she influenced psychiatric nursing while maintaining a broad international network of professional colleagues. An analysis of letters, written between 1990 and 1998, provides insights into Peplau's last decade of professional life and a model of how to support the next generation of nurse scholars. Using content analysis, 24 letters received between 1990 and 1998 were read, reread, and coded. Recurring themes were identified. Three themes were identified. These include Peplau, the Person: Living a Life of Professional Balance; Lighting a Spark: Investing in the Next Generation; and Work in the Vineyards of Nursing: Maintaining a Life of Scholarship. The letters depict Peplau's keen intellect, her wide professional network, her leisure time spent with family and friends, and her own work to assure that her theoretical legacy continued. Peplau's insights continue to be relevant as psychiatric mental health nursing leaders engage in activities to support the next generation of scholars and leaders.

  17. Employing general fit-bases for construction of potential energy surfaces with an adaptive density-guided approach

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Klinting, Emil Lund; Thomsen, Bo; Godtliebsen, Ian Heide; Christiansen, Ove

    2018-02-01

    We present an approach to treat sets of general fit-basis functions in a single uniform framework, where the functional form is supplied on input, i.e., the use of different functions does not require new code to be written. The fit-basis functions can be used to carry out linear fits to the grid of single points, which are generated with an adaptive density-guided approach (ADGA). A non-linear conjugate gradient method is used to optimize non-linear parameters if such are present in the fit-basis functions. This means that a set of fit-basis functions with the same inherent shape as the potential cuts can be requested and no other choices with regards to the fit-basis functions need to be taken. The general fit-basis framework is explored in relation to anharmonic potentials for model systems, diatomic molecules, water, and imidazole. The behaviour and performance of Morse and double-well fit-basis functions are compared to that of polynomial fit-basis functions for unsymmetrical single-minimum and symmetrical double-well potentials. Furthermore, calculations for water and imidazole were carried out using both normal coordinates and hybrid optimized and localized coordinates (HOLCs). Our results suggest that choosing a suitable set of fit-basis functions can improve the stability of the fitting routine and the overall efficiency of potential construction by lowering the number of single point calculations required for the ADGA. It is possible to reduce the number of terms in the potential by choosing the Morse and double-well fit-basis functions. These effects are substantial for normal coordinates but become even more pronounced if HOLCs are used.

  18. ''The W and M Are Mixing Me Up'': Use of a Visual Code in Verbal Short-Term Memory Tasks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Best, W.; Howard, D.

    2005-01-01

    When normal participants are presented with written verbal short-term memory tasks (e.g., remembering a set of letters for immediate spoken recall) there is evidence to suggest that the information is re-coded into phonological form. This paper presents a single case study of MJK whose reading follows the pattern of phonological dyslexia. In…

  19. Supersonic N-Crowdions in a Two-Dimensional Morse Crystal

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dmitriev, S. V.; Korznikova, E. A.; Chetverikov, A. P.

    2018-03-01

    An interstitial atom placed in a close-packed atomic row of a crystal is called crowdion. Such defects are highly mobile; they can move along the row, transferring mass and energy. We generalize the concept of a classical supersonic crowdion to an N-crowdion in which not one but N atoms move simultaneously with a high velocity. Using molecular dynamics simulations for a close-packed two-dimensional Morse crystal, we show that N-crowdions transfer mass much more efficiently, because they are capable of covering large distances while having a lower total energy than that of a classical 1-crowdion.

  20. A Hamilton-Jacobi theory for implicit differential systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Esen, Oǧul; de León, Manuel; Sardón, Cristina

    2018-02-01

    In this paper, we propose a geometric Hamilton-Jacobi theory for systems of implicit differential equations. In particular, we are interested in implicit Hamiltonian systems, described in terms of Lagrangian submanifolds of TT*Q generated by Morse families. The implicit character implies the nonexistence of a Hamiltonian function describing the dynamics. This fact is here amended by a generating family of Morse functions which plays the role of a Hamiltonian. A Hamilton-Jacobi equation is obtained with the aid of this generating family of functions. To conclude, we apply our results to singular Lagrangians by employing the construction of special symplectic structures.

  1. The D-dimensional non-relativistic particle in the Scarf Trigonometry plus Non-Central Rosen-Morse Potentials

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Deta, U. A.; Lestari, N. A.; Yantidewi, M.; Suparmi, A.; Cari, C.

    2018-03-01

    The D-Dimensional Non-Relativistic Particle Properties in the Scarf Trigonometry plus Non-Central Rosen-Morse Potentials was investigated using an analytical method. The bound state energy is given approximately in the closed form. The approximate wave function for arbitrary l-state in D-dimensions are expressed in the form of generalised Jacobi Polynomials. The energy spectra of the particle are increased when the dimensions are higher. The relationship between the orbital number in each dimension is recursive. The special case in 3 dimensions is given to the ground state.

  2. Run-length encoding graphic rules, biochemically editable designs and steganographical numeric data embedment for DNA-based cryptographical coding system.

    PubMed

    Kawano, Tomonori

    2013-03-01

    There have been a wide variety of approaches for handling the pieces of DNA as the "unplugged" tools for digital information storage and processing, including a series of studies applied to the security-related area, such as DNA-based digital barcodes, water marks and cryptography. In the present article, novel designs of artificial genes as the media for storing the digitally compressed data for images are proposed for bio-computing purpose while natural genes principally encode for proteins. Furthermore, the proposed system allows cryptographical application of DNA through biochemically editable designs with capacity for steganographical numeric data embedment. As a model case of image-coding DNA technique application, numerically and biochemically combined protocols are employed for ciphering the given "passwords" and/or secret numbers using DNA sequences. The "passwords" of interest were decomposed into single letters and translated into the font image coded on the separate DNA chains with both the coding regions in which the images are encoded based on the novel run-length encoding rule, and the non-coding regions designed for biochemical editing and the remodeling processes revealing the hidden orientation of letters composing the original "passwords." The latter processes require the molecular biological tools for digestion and ligation of the fragmented DNA molecules targeting at the polymerase chain reaction-engineered termini of the chains. Lastly, additional protocols for steganographical overwriting of the numeric data of interests over the image-coding DNA are also discussed.

  3. Evaluation of the DRAGON code for VHTR design analysis.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Taiwo, T. A.; Kim, T. K.; Nuclear Engineering Division

    2006-01-12

    This letter report summarizes three activities that were undertaken in FY 2005 to gather information on the DRAGON code and to perform limited evaluations of the code performance when used in the analysis of the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) designs. These activities include: (1) Use of the code to model the fuel elements of the helium-cooled and liquid-salt-cooled VHTR designs. Results were compared to those from another deterministic lattice code (WIMS8) and a Monte Carlo code (MCNP). (2) The preliminary assessment of the nuclear data library currently used with the code and libraries that have been provided by themore » IAEA WIMS-D4 Library Update Project (WLUP). (3) DRAGON workshop held to discuss the code capabilities for modeling the VHTR.« less

  4. Poet Fostoria Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This August 9, 2016 letter from EPA approves, with modifications, the petition from Poet Biorefining-Fostoria, LLC, regarding non-grandfathered ethanol produced through a dry mill process, qualifying under the Clean Air Act for renewable fuel (D-code 6)

  5. Poet Leipsic Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This August 9, 2016 letter from EPA approves,wtih modifications, the petition from Poet Biorefining-Leipsic, LLC, regarding non-grandfathered ethanol produced through a dry mill process, qualifying under the Clean Air Act for renewable fuel (D-code 6) RINs

  6. Joule Unlimited Technologies Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This March 29 letter from EPA approves the petition from Joule Unlimited Technologies, Inc. regarding ethanol produced through the Joule Helioculture Process under the Clean Air Act for renewable fuel [D-code 5] RINs under the RFS program.

  7. Monte Carlo Shielding Comparative Analysis Applied to TRIGA HEU and LEU Spent Fuel Transport

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Margeanu, C. A.; Margeanu, S.; Barbos, D.; Iorgulis, C.

    2010-12-01

    The paper is a comparative study of LEU and HEU fuel utilization effects for the shielding analysis during spent fuel transport. A comparison against the measured data for HEU spent fuel, available from the last stage of spent fuel repatriation fulfilled in the summer of 2008, is also presented. All geometrical and material data for the shipping cask were considered according to NAC-LWT Cask approved model. The shielding analysis estimates radiation doses to shipping cask wall surface, and in air at 1 m and 2 m, respectively, from the cask, by means of 3D Monte Carlo MORSE-SGC code. Before loading into the shipping cask, TRIGA spent fuel source terms and spent fuel parameters have been obtained by means of ORIGEN-S code. Both codes are included in ORNL's SCALE 5 programs package. The actinides contribution to total fuel radioactivity is very low in HEU spent fuel case, becoming 10 times greater in LEU spent fuel case. Dose rates for both HEU and LEU fuel contents are below regulatory limits, LEU spent fuel photon dose rates being greater than HEU ones. Comparison between HEU spent fuel theoretical and measured dose rates in selected measuring points shows a good agreement, calculated values being greater than the measured ones both to cask wall surface (about 34% relative difference) and in air at 1 m distance from cask surface (about 15% relative difference).

  8. Morse index for figure-eight choreographies of the planar equal mass three-body problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fukuda, Hiroshi; Fujiwara, Toshiaki; Ozaki, Hiroshi

    2018-04-01

    We report on numerical calculations of the Morse index for figure-eight choreographic solutions to a system of three identical bodies in a plane interacting through the homogeneous potential, -1/r a , or through the Lennard-Jones-type (LJ) potential, 1/r12 - 1/r6 , where r is a distance between the bodies. The Morse index is a number of independent variational functions giving negative second variation S (2) of action functional S. We calculated three kinds of Morse indices, N, N c and N e, in the domain of the periodic, the choreographic and the figure-eight choreographic function, respectively. For the homogeneous system, we obtain N  =  4 for 0 ≤slant a < a0 , N  =  2 for a0 < a < a1 , N  =  0 for a 1  <  a, and N_c=N_e=0 for 0 ≤slant a , where a 0  =  0.9966 and a 1  =  1.3424. For a  =  1, we show a strong relationship between the figure-eight choreography and the periodic solution found by Simó through S (2). For the LJ system, we calculated the index for the solution tending to the figure-eight solution of the a  =  6 homogeneous system for the period T \\to ∞ . We obtain N, N c and N e as monotonically increasing functions of T from T \\to ∞ , which start with N=N_c=N_e=0 , jump at the smallest T by 1, and reach N  =  12, N_c=4 , and N_e=1 for T \\to ∞ in the other branch.

  9. Didion Cambria Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This May 9, 2016 letter from EPA approves the petition from Didion Ethanol, LLC, regarding non-grandfathered ethanol produced through a dry mill process, qualifying under the Clean Air Act for renewable fuel (D-code 6) RINs under the RFS program.

  10. Poet Lake Crystal Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This September 19, 2016 letter from EPA approves the petition from Poet Biorefining-Lake Crystal, regarding non-grandfathered ethanol produced through a dry mill process, qualifying under the Clean Air Act for renewable fuel (D-code 6) RINs under the RFS

  11. Orthographic similarity: the case of "reversed anagrams".

    PubMed

    Morris, Alison L; Still, Mary L

    2012-07-01

    How orthographically similar are words such as paws and swap, flow and wolf, or live and evil? According to the letter position coding schemes used in models of visual word recognition, these reversed anagrams are considered to be less similar than words that share letters in the same absolute or relative positions (such as home and hose or plan and lane). Therefore, reversed anagrams should not produce the standard orthographic similarity effects found using substitution neighbors (e.g., home, hose). Simulations using the spatial coding model (Davis, Psychological Review 117, 713-758, 2010), for example, predict an inhibitory masked-priming effect for substitution neighbor word pairs but a null effect for reversed anagrams. Nevertheless, we obtained significant inhibitory priming using both stimulus types (Experiment 1). We also demonstrated that robust repetition blindness can be obtained for reversed anagrams (Experiment 2). Reversed anagrams therefore provide a new test for models of visual word recognition and orthographic similarity.

  12. Martian Morse Code

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2016-06-29

    These dark dunes are influenced by local topography. The shape and orientation of dunes can usually tell us about wind direction, but in this image, the dune-forms are very complex, so it's difficult to know the wind direction. However, a circular depression (probably an old and infilled impact crater) has limited the amount of sand available for dune formation and influenced local winds. As a result, the dunes here form distinct dots and dashes. The "dashes" are linear dunes formed by bi-directional winds, which are not traveling parallel to the dune. Instead, the combined effect of winds from two directions at right angles to the dunes, funnels material into a linear shape. The smaller "dots" (called "barchanoid dunes") occur where there is some interruption to the process forming those linear dunes. This process is not well understood at present and is one motivation for HiRISE to image this area. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA20735

  13. An underwater optical wireless communication system based on LED source

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rao, Jionghui; Wei, Wei; Wang, Feng; Zhang, Xiaohui

    2011-11-01

    Compared with other communication methods, optical wireless communication (OWC) holds the merits of higher transmitting rate and sufficient secrecy. So it is an efficacious communicating measure for data transmitting between underwater carriers. However, due to the water attenuation and the transmitter & the receiver (TX/RX) collimation, this application is restrained in underwater mobile carriers. A prototype for underwater OWC was developed, in which a high-powered green LED array was used as the light source which partly raveled the TX/RX collimation out. A small pumped-multiple-tube (PMT) was used as the detector to increase the communicating range, and FPGA chips were employed to code and decode the communicating data. The data rate of the prototype approached to 4 Mb/s at 8.4m and 1 Mb/s at 22m where voice and Morse communications were achieved in a scope of 30 degree TX/RX angle.

  14. Infant formula companies battle for breast.

    PubMed

    1996-01-01

    The infant formula manufacturer Mead Johnson has filed a lawsuit in Ontario courts against its competitor Ross Abbott for false advertising of its new Similac brand of infant formula. Mead Johnson contends that the Ross Abbott advertisement of Similac as providing benefits similar to mother's milk is false and misleading. Breast feeding specialists agree with Mead Johnson's claim. Yet, one year earlier, Mead Johnson claimed that its infant formula is modeled after mother's milk. The Infant Feeding Action Coalition (INFACT) Canada had complained to the Competition Bureau that called for Mead Johnson to cease its claim. Court documents reveal that both companies disregard the World Health Organization (WHO) International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes. This code prohibits manufacturers from advertising directly to pregnant women and mothers. Two Ross Abbott spokespersons have different responses to their advertising practices: increasing emphasis on consumer promotion and support of the principle and objective of the WHO Code. Both companies have sought support of health professionals in Canada. In July 1996 Mead Johnson sent letters to about 7000 clinicians declaring "as someone who cares about infant health and nutrition as much as we do" and "...the most alarming concern is that, although there is no scientific basis for such claims, mothers believe them to be true." Ross Abbott responded to these letters by sending physicians letters declaring "Our business is built on trust, and we assure you that you may trust in Similac Advance and the benefits we have ascribed to it." The two companies will meet again in court on September 30, 1996.

  15. Optical phase distribution evaluation by using zero order Generalized Morse Wavelet

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kocahan, Özlem; Elmas, Merve Naz; Durmuş, ćaǧla; Coşkun, Emre; Tiryaki, Erhan; Özder, Serhat

    2017-02-01

    When determining the phase from the projected fringes by using continuous wavelet transform (CWT), selection of wavelet is an important step. A new wavelet for phase retrieval from the fringe pattern with the spatial carrier frequency in the x direction is presented. As a mother wavelet, zero order generalized Morse wavelet (GMW) is chosen because of the flexible spatial and frequency localization property, and it is exactly analytic. In this study, GMW method is explained and numerical simulations are carried out to show the validity of this technique for finding the phase distributions. Results for the Morlet and Paul wavelets are compared with the results of GMW analysis.

  16. Localization properties of transmission lines with generalized Thue-Morse distribution of inductances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lazo, Edmundo; Saavedra, Eduardo; Humire, Fernando; Castro, Cristobal; Cortés-Cortés, Francisco

    2015-09-01

    We study the localization properties of direct transmission lines when we distribute two values of inductances LA and LB according to a generalized Thue-Morse aperiodic sequence generated by the inflation rule: A → ABm-1, B → BAm-1, m ≥ 2 and integer. We regain the usual Thue-Morse sequence for m = 2. We numerically study the changes produced in the localization properties of the I (ω) electric current function with increasing m values. We demonstrate that the m = 2 case does not belong to the family m ≥ 3, because when m changes from m = 2 to m = 3, the number of extended states decreases significantly. However, for m ≫ 3, the localization properties become similar to the m = 2 case. Also, the frequency averaged transmission coefficient shows a strong dependence from the N system size and from the m value which characterize each m-tupling sequence. In addition, for all m value studied, using the scaling behavior of the ξ (ω) normalized participation number, the Rq (ω) Rényi entropies and the μq (ω) moments, we have demonstrated the existence of extended states for certain specific frequencies.

  17. Parameterizing the Morse Potential for Coarse-Grained Modeling of Blood Plasma

    PubMed Central

    Zhang, Na; Zhang, Peng; Kang, Wei; Bluestein, Danny; Deng, Yuefan

    2014-01-01

    Multiscale simulations of fluids such as blood represent a major computational challenge of coupling the disparate spatiotemporal scales between molecular and macroscopic transport phenomena characterizing such complex fluids. In this paper, a coarse-grained (CG) particle model is developed for simulating blood flow by modifying the Morse potential, traditionally used in Molecular Dynamics for modeling vibrating structures. The modified Morse potential is parameterized with effective mass scales for reproducing blood viscous flow properties, including density, pressure, viscosity, compressibility and characteristic flow dynamics of human blood plasma fluid. The parameterization follows a standard inverse-problem approach in which the optimal micro parameters are systematically searched, by gradually decoupling loosely correlated parameter spaces, to match the macro physical quantities of viscous blood flow. The predictions of this particle based multiscale model compare favorably to classic viscous flow solutions such as Counter-Poiseuille and Couette flows. It demonstrates that such coarse grained particle model can be applied to replicate the dynamics of viscous blood flow, with the advantage of bridging the gap between macroscopic flow scales and the cellular scales characterizing blood flow that continuum based models fail to handle adequately. PMID:24910470

  18. Implant-Abutment Contact Surfaces and Microgap Measurements of Different Implant Connections Under 3-Dimensional X-Ray Microtomography.

    PubMed

    Scarano, Antonio; Valbonetti, Luca; Degidi, Marco; Pecci, Raffaella; Piattelli, Adriano; de Oliveira, P S; Perrotti, Vittoria

    2016-10-01

    The presence of a microgap between implant and abutment could produce a bacterial reservoir which could interfere with the long-term health of the periimplant tissues. The aim of this article was to evaluate, by x-ray 3-dimensional microtomography, implant-abutment contact surfaces and microgaps at the implant-abutment interface in different types of implant-abutment connections. A total of 40 implants were used in this in vitro study. Ten implants presented a screw-retained internal hexagon abutment (group I), 10 had a Morse Cone taper internal connection (group II), 10 another type of Morse Cone taper internal connection (group III), and 10 had a screwed trilobed connection (group IV). In both types of Morse Cone internal connections, there was no detectable separation at the implant-abutment in the area of the conical connection, and there was an absolute congruity without any microgaps between abutment and implant. No line was visible separating the implant and the abutment. On the contrary, in the screwed abutment implants, numerous gaps and voids were present. The results of this study support the hypothesis that different types of implant-abutment joints are responsible for the observed differences in bacterial penetration.

  19. Computer Simulation of Fracture in Aerogels

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Good, Brian S.

    2006-01-01

    Aerogels are of interest to the aerospace community primarily for their thermal properties, notably their low thermal conductivities. While the gels are typically fragile, recent advances in the application of conformal polymer layers to these gels has made them potentially useful as lightweight structural materials as well. In this work, we investigate the strength and fracture behavior of silica aerogels using a molecular statics-based computer simulation technique. The gels' structure is simulated via a Diffusion Limited Cluster Aggregation (DLCA) algorithm, which produces fractal structures representing experimentally observed aggregates of so-called secondary particles, themselves composed of amorphous silica primary particles an order of magnitude smaller. We have performed multi-length-scale simulations of fracture in silica aerogels, in which the interaction b e e n two secondary particles is assumed to be described by a Morse pair potential parameterized such that the potential range is much smaller than the secondary particle size. These Morse parameters are obtained by atomistic simulation of models of the experimentally-observed amorphous silica "bridges," with the fracture behavior of these bridges modeled via molecular statics using a Morse/Coulomb potential for silica. We consider the energetics of the fracture, and compare qualitative features of low-and high-density gel fracture.

  20. Are All Letters Really Processed Equally and in Parallel? Further Evidence of a Robust First Letter Advantage

    PubMed Central

    Scaltritti, Michele; Balota, David A.

    2013-01-01

    This present study examined accuracy and response latency of letter processing as a function of position within a horizontal array. In a series of 4 Experiments, target-strings were briefly (33 ms for Experiment 1 to 3, 83 ms for Experiment 4) displayed and both forward and backward masked. Participants then made a two alternative forced choice. The two alternative responses differed just in one element of the string, and position of mismatch was systematically manipulated. In Experiment 1, words of different lengths (from 3 to 6 letters) were presented in separate blocks. Across different lengths, there was a robust advantage in performance when the alternative response was different for the letter occurring at the first position, compared to when the difference occurred at any other position. Experiment 2 replicated this finding with the same materials used in Experiment 1, but with words of different lengths randomly intermixed within blocks. Experiment 3 provided evidence of the first position advantage with legal nonwords and strings of consonants, but did not provide any first position advantage for non-alphabetic symbols. The lack of a first position advantage for symbols was replicated in Experiment 4, where target-strings were displayed for a longer duration (83 ms). Taken together these results suggest that the first position advantage is a phenomenon that occurs specifically and selectively for letters, independent of lexical constraints. We argue that the results are consistent with models that assume a processing advantage for coding letters in the first position, and are inconsistent with the commonly held assumption in visual word recognition models that letters are equally processed in parallel independent of letter position. PMID:24012723

  1. Montana Advanced Biofuels Great Falls Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This November 20, 2015 letter from EPA approves the petition from Montana Advanced Biofuels, LLC, Great Falls facility, regarding ethanol produced through a dry mill process, qualifying under the Clean Air Act for advanced biofuel (D-code 5) and renewable

  2. Reading Acquisition and Beyond: Decoding Includes Cognition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Perfetti, Charles A.

    1984-01-01

    Focuses on (1) the acquisition and use of word representations and (2) the acquisition of the alphabetic code. Urges that instruction provide conditions to promote the learning of three types of representation--word forms, letter patterns, and mapping. (RDN)

  3. CORN, LP Goldfield Approval

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This November 19, 2015 letter from EPA approves the petition from CORN, LP, Goldfield facility, regarding non-grandfathered ethanol produced through a dry mill process, qualifying under the Clean Air Act for renewable fuel (D-code 6) RINs under the RFS pro

  4. Acquisition of linguistic procedures for printed words: neuropsychological implications for learning.

    PubMed

    Berninger, V W

    1988-10-01

    A microcomputerized experiment, administered to 45 children in the 2nd, 5th, and 8th month of first grade, manipulated three variables: (a) stimulus unit (whole word or letter-by-letter presentation), (b) nature of stimulus information (phonically regular words, phonically irregular words, nonsense words, and letter strings, which differ in whether phonemic, orthographic, semantic, and/or name codes are available), and (c) linguistic task (lexical decision, naming, and written reproduction). Letter-by-letter presentation resulted in more accurate lexical decision and naming but not more accurate written reproduction. Interactions between nature of stimulus information and linguistic task occurred. Throughout the year, accuracy was greater for lexical decision than for naming or written reproduction. The superiority of lexical decision cannot be attributed to the higher probability of correct responses on a binary choice task because only consistently correct responses on repeated trials were analyzed. The earlier development of lexical decision, a receptive task, than of naming or written reproduction, production tasks, suggests that hidden units (Hinton & Sejnowski, 1986) in tertiary cortical areas may abstract visual-linguistic associations in printed words before production units in primary cortical areas can produce printed words orally or graphically.

  5. Evaluating the components of an emergent literacy intervention for preschool children at risk for reading difficulties

    PubMed Central

    Lonigan, Christopher J.; Purpura, David J.; Wilson, Shauna B.; Walker, Patricia M.; Clancy-Menchetti, Jeanine

    2013-01-01

    Many preschool children are at risk for reading problems because of inadequate emergent literacy skills. Evidence supports the effectiveness of interventions to promote these skills, but questions remain about which intervention components work and whether combining intervention components will result in larger gains. In this study, 324 preschoolers (mean age = 54.32 months, SD = 5.88) from low-income backgrounds (46% girls and 54% boys; 82% African American, 14% White, and 4% other) were randomized to combinations of meaning-focused (dialogic reading or shared reading) and code-focused (phonological awareness, letter knowledge, or both) interventions or a control group. Interventions had statistically significant positive impacts only on measures of their respective skill domains. Combinations of interventions did not enhance outcomes across domains, indicating instructional needs in all areas of weakness for young children at risk for later reading difficulties. Less time for each intervention in the combined phonological awareness and letter knowledge intervention conditions, however, did not result in reduced effects relative to nearly twice as much time for each intervention when children received either only the phonological awareness intervention or only the letter knowledge intervention. This finding suggests that a relatively compact code-focused intervention can address the needs of children with weaknesses in both domains. PMID:23073367

  6. Run-length encoding graphic rules, biochemically editable designs and steganographical numeric data embedment for DNA-based cryptographical coding system

    PubMed Central

    Kawano, Tomonori

    2013-01-01

    There have been a wide variety of approaches for handling the pieces of DNA as the “unplugged” tools for digital information storage and processing, including a series of studies applied to the security-related area, such as DNA-based digital barcodes, water marks and cryptography. In the present article, novel designs of artificial genes as the media for storing the digitally compressed data for images are proposed for bio-computing purpose while natural genes principally encode for proteins. Furthermore, the proposed system allows cryptographical application of DNA through biochemically editable designs with capacity for steganographical numeric data embedment. As a model case of image-coding DNA technique application, numerically and biochemically combined protocols are employed for ciphering the given “passwords” and/or secret numbers using DNA sequences. The “passwords” of interest were decomposed into single letters and translated into the font image coded on the separate DNA chains with both the coding regions in which the images are encoded based on the novel run-length encoding rule, and the non-coding regions designed for biochemical editing and the remodeling processes revealing the hidden orientation of letters composing the original “passwords.” The latter processes require the molecular biological tools for digestion and ligation of the fragmented DNA molecules targeting at the polymerase chain reaction-engineered termini of the chains. Lastly, additional protocols for steganographical overwriting of the numeric data of interests over the image-coding DNA are also discussed. PMID:23750303

  7. Phonologically-Based Priming in the Same-Different Task With L1 Readers.

    PubMed

    Lupker, Stephen J; Nakayama, Mariko; Yoshihara, Masahiro

    2018-02-01

    The present experiment provides an investigation of a promising new tool, the masked priming same-different task, for investigating the orthographic coding process. Orthographic coding is the process of establishing a mental representation of the letters and letter order in the word being read which is then used by readers to access higher-level (e.g., semantic) information about that word. Prior research (e.g., Norris & Kinoshita, 2008) had suggested that performance in this task may be based entirely on orthographic codes. As reported by Lupker, Nakayama, and Perea (2015a), however, in at least some circumstances, phonological codes also play a role. Specifically, even though their 2 languages are completely different orthographically, Lupker et al.'s Japanese-English bilinguals showed priming in this task when masked L1 primes were phonologically similar to L2 targets. An obvious follow-up question is whether Lupker et al.'s effect might have resulted from a strategy that was adopted by their bilinguals to aid in processing of, and memory for, the somewhat unfamiliar L2 targets. In the present experiment, Japanese readers responded to (Japanese) Kanji targets with phonologically identical primes (on "related" trials) being presented in a completely different but highly familiar Japanese script, Hiragana. Once again, significant priming effects were observed, indicating that, although performance in the masked priming same-different task may be mainly based on orthographic codes, phonological codes can play a role even when the stimuli being matched are familiar words from a reader's L1. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

  8. Airborne Assault on Holland

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-01-01

    component and the forces it carried perform creditably, but losses were far smaller than anticipated. The units carried out their as- signed missions...problem of navigation was to be made as simple as possible. For security reasons each site was given a code name. Call signs were assigned to the site...boats. Each of these car- ried a Eureka beacon and a green holophane light, sending the as- signed code letter. These boats, serving as definite

  9. 12 CFR 160.120 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...: the applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co.); the Uniform Customs...

  10. 12 CFR 160.120 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...: the applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co.); the Uniform Customs...

  11. 12 CFR 160.120 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...: the applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co.); the Uniform Customs...

  12. Interviewing Guidelines.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lorenzen, Elizabeth A.; And Others

    Directed especially at graduating college seniors, this paper contains information about employment interviews and how to prepare for them. Subjects discussed include the following: preparing for interviews (analyzing strengths and weaknesses, gathering information about the company); points to remember (dress codes, follow up thank-you letters);…

  13. The Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool: development and reliability testing of a method for service monitoring and organisational learning

    PubMed Central

    Gillespie, Alex; Reader, Tom W

    2016-01-01

    Background Letters of complaint written by patients and their advocates reporting poor healthcare experiences represent an under-used data source. The lack of a method for extracting reliable data from these heterogeneous letters hinders their use for monitoring and learning. To address this gap, we report on the development and reliability testing of the Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool (HCAT). Methods HCAT was developed from a taxonomy of healthcare complaints reported in a previously published systematic review. It introduces the novel idea that complaints should be analysed in terms of severity. Recruiting three groups of educated lay participants (n=58, n=58, n=55), we refined the taxonomy through three iterations of discriminant content validity testing. We then supplemented this refined taxonomy with explicit coding procedures for seven problem categories (each with four levels of severity), stage of care and harm. These combined elements were further refined through iterative coding of a UK national sample of healthcare complaints (n= 25, n=80, n=137, n=839). To assess reliability and accuracy for the resultant tool, 14 educated lay participants coded a referent sample of 125 healthcare complaints. Results The seven HCAT problem categories (quality, safety, environment, institutional processes, listening, communication, and respect and patient rights) were found to be conceptually distinct. On average, raters identified 1.94 problems (SD=0.26) per complaint letter. Coders exhibited substantial reliability in identifying problems at four levels of severity; moderate and substantial reliability in identifying stages of care (except for ‘discharge/transfer’ that was only fairly reliable) and substantial reliability in identifying overall harm. Conclusions HCAT is not only the first reliable tool for coding complaints, it is the first tool to measure the severity of complaints. It facilitates service monitoring and organisational learning and it enables future research examining whether healthcare complaints are a leading indicator of poor service outcomes. HCAT is freely available to download and use. PMID:26740496

  14. Restaurant Policies and Practices for Serving Raw Fish in Minnesota.

    PubMed

    Hedeen, Nicole

    2016-10-01

    The number of restaurants serving sushi within Minnesota is continuously increasing. The practices and protocols of serving raw fish are complex and require detailed planning to ensure that food served to patrons will not cause illness. Although the popularity of sushi is increasing, there is a lack of research on food safety issues pertaining to preparation of raw fish and sushi rice. To address this gap, the Minnesota Department of Health Environmental Health Specialists Network Food program collected descriptive data on restaurant practices and policies concerning the service of raw fish and sushi rice in 40 Minnesota restaurants. At each restaurant, a specialist interviewed a restaurant manager, conducted an observation of the sushi prep areas in the restaurant kitchen, and reviewed parasite destruction letters and invoices from fish supplier(s). Over half of the restaurants (59%) were missing one or more of the parasite destruction letters from their fish supplier(s) guaranteeing that fish had been properly frozen to the time and temperature requirements in the Minnesota Food Code. A total of 42 parasite destruction letters from suppliers were observed; 10% were considered "adequate" letters. The majority of the letters were missing details pertaining to the types of fish frozen, the length of time fish were frozen, or details on what temperatures fish were held frozen or a combination of all three. Most restaurants were using time as a public health control for their sushi rice. For those restaurants using time as a public health control, 26% had a written procedure on-site, and approximately 53% were keeping track of time. Bare hand contact during sushi prep was observed in 17% of restaurants, and in more than 40% of the restaurants, at least one fish was mislabeled on the menu. Findings from this study indicate that many Minnesota restaurants are not complying with the Food Code requirements pertaining to parasite destruction for the service of raw fish or the use of time as a public health control for sushi rice.

  15. Self-government of complex reading and writing brains informed by cingulo-opercular network for adaptive control and working memory components for language learning.

    PubMed

    Richards, Todd L; Abbott, Robert D; Yagle, Kevin; Peterson, Dan; Raskind, Wendy; Berninger, Virginia W

    2017-01-01

    To understand mental self-government of the developing reading and writing brain, correlations of clustering coefficients on fMRI reading or writing tasks with BASC 2 Adaptivity ratings (time 1 only) or working memory components (time 1 before and time 2 after instruction previously shown to improve achievement and change magnitude of fMRI connectivity) were investigated in 39 students in grades 4 to 9 who varied along a continuum of reading and writing skills. A Philips 3T scanner measured connectivity during six leveled fMRI reading tasks (subword-letters and sounds, word-word-specific spellings or affixed words, syntax comprehension-with and without homonym foils or with and without affix foils, and text comprehension) and three fMRI writing tasks-writing next letter in alphabet, adding missing letter in word spelling, and planning for composing. The Brain Connectivity Toolbox generated clustering coefficients based on the cingulo-opercular (CO) network; after controlling for multiple comparisons and movement, significant fMRI connectivity clustering coefficients for CO were identified in 8 brain regions bilaterally (cingulate gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, insula, cingulum-cingulate gyrus, and cingulum-hippocampus). BASC2 Parent Ratings for Adaptivity were correlated with CO clustering coefficients on three reading tasks (letter-sound, word affix judgments and sentence comprehension) and one writing task (writing next letter in alphabet). Before instruction, each behavioral working memory measure (phonology, orthography, morphology, and syntax coding, phonological and orthographic loops for integrating internal language and output codes, and supervisory focused and switching attention) correlated significantly with at least one CO clustering coefficient. After instruction, the patterning of correlations changed with new correlations emerging. Results show that the reading and writing brain's mental government, supported by both CO Adaptive Control and multiple working memory components, had changed in response to instruction during middle childhood/early adolescence.

  16. Popular epidemiology and "fracking": citizens' concerns regarding the economic, environmental, health and social impacts of unconventional natural gas drilling operations.

    PubMed

    Powers, Martha; Saberi, Poune; Pepino, Richard; Strupp, Emily; Bugos, Eva; Cannuscio, Carolyn C

    2015-06-01

    Pennsylvania sits atop the Marcellus Shale, a reservoir of natural gas that was untapped until the 2004 introduction of unconventional natural gas drilling operations (UNGDO) in the state. Colloquially known as fracking, UNGDO is a controversial process that employs large volumes of water to fracture the shale and capture gas; it has become a multi-billion dollar industry in Pennsylvania. We analyzed letters to the editor of the most widely circulated local newspaper in the most heavily drilled county in Pennsylvania (Bradford County) in order to characterize residents' concerns and their involvement in popular epidemiology--the process by which citizens investigate risks associated with a perceived environmental threat. We reviewed 215 letters to the editor that referenced natural gas operations and were published by The Daily Review between January 1, 2008 and June 8, 2013. We used NVivo 10 to code and analyze letters and identify major themes. Nvivo is qualitative data analysis software (http://www.qsrinternational.com/products_nvivo.aspx) that allows researchers to code and analyze "unstructured" data, including text files of any type (e.g., interview transcripts, news articles, letters, archival materials) as well as photographs and videos. Nvivo can be used to classify, sort, query, comment on, and share data across a research group. Letters demonstrated citizen engagement in beginning and intermediate stages of lay epidemiology, as well as discord and stress regarding four main issues: socio-economic impacts, perceived threats to water, population growth and implications, and changes to the rural landscape. Residents called for stronger scientific evidence and a balance of economic development and health and environmental protections. Citizens' distress regarding UNGDO appeared to be exacerbated by a dearth of information to guide economic growth and health, environmental, and social concerns. This analysis proposes locally informed questions to guide future surveillance and research.

  17. Simon-type effects: chronometric evidence for keypress schemata in typewriting.

    PubMed

    Logan, Gordon D

    2003-08-01

    In 4 experiments, chronometric evidence for keypress schemata in typing was sought by presenting stimuli to be typed in positions that were displaced from a central fixation point. Reaction times were shorter when stimulus positions corresponded to keyboard locations of the letters to be typed, suggesting that position was an important part of the internal representation of the response. Experiment 1 presented single letters left and right of fixation. Experiment 2 presented single letters above and below fixation. Experiment 3 presented words left and right of fixation and found evidence of parallel activation of keypress schemata. Experiment 4 found no effect of the eccentricity of the keyboard locations and responding fingers, suggesting that response-location codes are categorical, not metric. The results are consistent with D. E. Rumelhart and D. A. Norman's (1982) theory of typewriting.

  18. The unique role of lexical accessibility in predicting kindergarten emergent literacy.

    PubMed

    Verhoeven, Ludo; van Leeuwe, Jan; Irausquin, Rosemarie; Segers, Eliane

    The goal of this longitudinal study was to examine how lexical quality predicts the emergence of literacy abilities in 169 Dutch kindergarten children before formal reading instruction has started. At the beginning of the school year, a battery of precursor measures associated with lexical quality was related to the emergence of letter knowledge and word decoding. Confirmatory factor analysis evidenced five domains related to lexical quality, i.e., vocabulary, phonological coding, phonological awareness, lexical retrieval and phonological working memory. Structural equation modeling showed that the development of letter knowledge during the year could be predicted from children's phonological awareness and lexical retrieval, and the emergence of word decoding from their phonological awareness and letter knowledge. It is concluded that it is primarily the accessibility of phonological representations in the mental lexicon that predicts the emergence of literacy in kindergarten.

  19. Intellectual system of identification of Arabic graphics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abdoullayeva, Gulchin G.; Aliyev, Telman A.; Gurbanova, Nazakat G.

    2001-08-01

    The studies made by using the domain of graphic images allowed creating facilities of the artificial intelligence for letters, letter combinations etc. for various graphics and prints. The work proposes a system of recognition and identification of symbols of the Arabic graphics, which has its own specificity as compared to Latin and Cyrillic ones. The starting stage of the recognition and the identification is coding with further entry of information into a computer. Here the problem of entry is one of the essentials. For entry of a large volume of information in the unit of time a scanner is usually employed. Along with the scanner the authors suggest their elaboration of technical facilities for effective input and coding of the information. For refinement of symbols not identified from the scanner mostly for a small bulk of information the developed coding devices are used directly in the process of writing. The functional design of the software is elaborated on the basis of the heuristic model of the creative activity of a researcher and experts in the description and estimation of states of the weakly formalizable systems on the strength of the methods of identification and of selection of geometric features.

  20. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Xantheas, Sotiris S.; Werhahn, Jasper C.

    Based on the formulation of the analytical expression of the potential V(r) describing intermolecular interactions in terms of the dimensionless variables r*=r/rm and !*=V/!, where rm is the separation at the minimum and ! the well depth, we propose more generalized scalable forms for the commonly used Lennard-Jones, Mie, Morse and Buckingham exponential-6 potential energy functions (PEFs). These new generalized forms have an additional parameter from and revert to the original ones for some choice of that parameter. In this respect, the original forms can be considered as special cases of the more general forms that are introduced. We alsomore » propose a scalable, but nonrevertible to the original one, 4-parameter extended Morse potential.« less

  1. Wulff polyhedra derived from morse potentials and crystal habits of bcc and fcc metal particles

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Saito, Yahachi

    1981-05-01

    Using the broken-bond method and the pairwise potentials of Morse type, relative surface energies were calculated to derive the Wulff polyhedra for bcc and fcc metals. When only the first and the second nearest neighbour interactions are taken into account, the resulting Wulff polyhedron is a rhombic dodecahedron truncated by {100} faces and an octahedron truncated by {100} and {100} faces for bcc and fcc metals, respectively. The truncation degrees calculated are in good agreement with those measured from smoke particles grown in an atmosphere of rarefied inactive gas. The effect of the higher order terms of interactions is simply to make the edges and corners round.

  2. Relativistic symmetries in the Rosen—Morse potential and tensor interaction using the Nikiforov—Uvarov method

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sameer, M. Ikhdair; Majid, Hamzavi

    2013-04-01

    Approximate analytical bound-state solutions of the Dirac particle in the fields of attractive and repulsive Rosen—Morse (RM) potentials including the Coulomb-like tensor (CLT) potential are obtained for arbitrary spin-orbit quantum number κ. The Pekeris approximation is used to deal with the spin-orbit coupling terms κ (κ± 1)r-2. In the presence of exact spin and pseudospin (p-spin) symmetries, the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding normalized two-component wave functions are found by using the parametric generalization of the Nikiforov—Uvarov (NU) method. The numerical results show that the CLT interaction removes degeneracies between the spin and p-spin state doublets.

  3. The generalized Morse wavelet method to determine refractive index dispersion of dielectric films

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kocahan, Özlem; Özcan, Seçkin; Coşkun, Emre; Özder, Serhat

    2017-04-01

    The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) method is a useful tool for the determination of refractive index dispersion of dielectric films. Mother wavelet selection is an important factor for the accuracy of the results when using CWT. In this study, generalized Morse wavelet (GMW) was proposed as the mother wavelet because of having two degrees of freedom. The simulation studies, based on error calculations and Cauchy Coefficient comparisons, were presented and also the noisy signal was tested by CWT method with GMW. The experimental validity of this method was checked by D263 T schott glass having 100 μm thickness and the results were compared to those from the catalog value.

  4. 12 CFR 390.267 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co., 1/800/328-4880); the Uniform...

  5. 12 CFR 390.267 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co., 1/800/328-4880); the Uniform...

  6. 12 CFR 390.267 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co., 1/800/328-4880); the Uniform...

  7. FIR Filter of DS-CDMA UWB Modem Transmitter

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kang, Kyu-Min; Cho, Sang-In; Won, Hui-Chul; Choi, Sang-Sung

    This letter presents low-complexity digital pulse shaping filter structures of a direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) ultra wide-band (UWB) modem transmitter with a ternary spreading code. The proposed finite impulse response (FIR) filter structures using a look-up table (LUT) have the effect of saving the amount of memory by about 50% to 80% in comparison to the conventional FIR filter structures, and consequently are suitable for a high-speed parallel data process.

  8. New syndrome decoder for (n, 1) convolutional codes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Reed, I. S.; Truong, T. K.

    1983-01-01

    The letter presents a new syndrome decoding algorithm for the (n, 1) convolutional codes (CC) that is different and simpler than the previous syndrome decoding algorithm of Schalkwijk and Vinck. The new technique uses the general solution of the polynomial linear Diophantine equation for the error polynomial vector E(D). A recursive, Viterbi-like, algorithm is developed to find the minimum weight error vector E(D). An example is given for the binary nonsystematic (2, 1) CC.

  9. Influence of reverse torque values in abutments with or without internal hexagon indexes.

    PubMed

    Cerutti-Kopplin, Daiane; Rodrigues Neto, Dimas João; Lins do Valle, Accácio; Pereira, Jefferson Ricardo

    2014-10-01

    The mechanical stability of the implant-abutment connection is of fundamental importance for successful implant-supported restorations. Therefore, understanding removal torque values is essential. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reverse torque values of indexed and nonindexed abutments of the Morse Taper system. Twelve Morse taper implants with their respective abutments were divided into 2 groups (n=6): group NI, nonindexed abutments; and group IN, indexed abutments. Each abutment received a sequence of 2 consecutive torques for insertion (15 Ncm) at an interval of 10 minutes, and 1 reverse torque, all measured with a digital torque wrench. The Student t test with a 5% significance level was used to evaluate the data. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in reverse torque values between nonindexed and indexed abutments (P=.57). When comparing insertion torque and reverse torque values between the groups, group NI presented a mean torque loosening percentage of 8% (P=.013), whereas group IN presented a loosening of 15.33% (P<.001). The use of indexed abutments for the Morse taper system presented similar biomechanical stability when compared with nonindexed abutments, both with a significant reduction in reverse torque values. Copyright © 2014 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Prognosis of Treatment Outcomes by Cognitive and Physical Scales.

    PubMed

    Jakavonytė-Akstinienė, Agnė; Dikčius, Vytautas; Macijauskienė, Jūratė

    2018-01-01

    The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using scales for measuring cognitive and physical functions for a prognosis of care outcomes in elderly patients. The survey was carried out in one of the Vilnius City Hospitals for Nursing and Support Treatment. A total number of 177 respondents were involved in the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), The Barthel Index (BI) and The Morse Fall Scale were used. A statistically significant correlation was revealed between the scores of MMSE and BI (Pearson R = 0.41, p < 0.01); those with severe cognitive impairment were more dependent. A statistically significant correlation (Pearson R = -0.181, p < 0.01) was reported between the scores of MMSE and the Morse Fall Scale - the risk of falling was higher in patients with severe cognitive impairment. The Morse Fall Scale was not suitable for the prognosis of outcomes. The MMSE was suitable for the prognosis of a patient's discharge. The Barthel Index should be considered as the most suitable tool for the prognosis of care outcomes: the sum-score of the Barthel Index above 25 may suggest that the patient would be discharged home; the sum-score below this level was associated with a higher likelihood of patient death.

  11. Modeling of diatomic molecule using the Morse potential and the Verlet algorithm

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Fidiani, Elok

    Performing molecular modeling usually uses special software for Molecular Dynamics (MD) such as: GROMACS, NAMD, JMOL etc. Molecular dynamics is a computational method to calculate the time dependent behavior of a molecular system. In this work, MATLAB was used as numerical method for a simple modeling of some diatomic molecules: HCl, H{sub 2} and O{sub 2}. MATLAB is a matrix based numerical software, in order to do numerical analysis, all the functions and equations describing properties of atoms and molecules must be developed manually in MATLAB. In this work, a Morse potential was generated to describe the bond interaction betweenmore » the two atoms. In order to analyze the simultaneous motion of molecules, the Verlet Algorithm derived from Newton’s Equations of Motion (classical mechanics) was operated. Both the Morse potential and the Verlet algorithm were integrated using MATLAB to derive physical properties and the trajectory of the molecules. The data computed by MATLAB is always in the form of a matrix. To visualize it, Visualized Molecular Dynamics (VMD) was performed. Such method is useful for development and testing some types of interaction on a molecular scale. Besides, this can be very helpful for describing some basic principles of molecular interaction for educational purposes.« less

  12. Visualization of Morse connection graphs for topologically rich 2D vector fields.

    PubMed

    Szymczak, Andrzej; Sipeki, Levente

    2013-12-01

    Recent advances in vector field topologymake it possible to compute its multi-scale graph representations for autonomous 2D vector fields in a robust and efficient manner. One of these representations is a Morse Connection Graph (MCG), a directed graph whose nodes correspond to Morse sets, generalizing stationary points and periodic trajectories, and arcs - to trajectories connecting them. While being useful for simple vector fields, the MCG can be hard to comprehend for topologically rich vector fields, containing a large number of features. This paper describes a visual representation of the MCG, inspired by previous work on graph visualization. Our approach aims to preserve the spatial relationships between the MCG arcs and nodes and highlight the coherent behavior of connecting trajectories. Using simulations of ocean flow, we show that it can provide useful information on the flow structure. This paper focuses specifically on MCGs computed for piecewise constant (PC) vector fields. In particular, we describe extensions of the PC framework that make it more flexible and better suited for analysis of data on complex shaped domains with a boundary. We also describe a topology simplification scheme that makes our MCG visualizations less ambiguous. Despite the focus on the PC framework, our approach could also be applied to graph representations or topological skeletons computed using different methods.

  13. A Bayesian network coding scheme for annotating biomedical information presented to genetic counseling clients.

    PubMed

    Green, Nancy

    2005-04-01

    We developed a Bayesian network coding scheme for annotating biomedical content in layperson-oriented clinical genetics documents. The coding scheme supports the representation of probabilistic and causal relationships among concepts in this domain, at a high enough level of abstraction to capture commonalities among genetic processes and their relationship to health. We are using the coding scheme to annotate a corpus of genetic counseling patient letters as part of the requirements analysis and knowledge acquisition phase of a natural language generation project. This paper describes the coding scheme and presents an evaluation of intercoder reliability for its tag set. In addition to giving examples of use of the coding scheme for analysis of discourse and linguistic features in this genre, we suggest other uses for it in analysis of layperson-oriented text and dialogue in medical communication.

  14. Is a Genome a Codeword of an Error-Correcting Code?

    PubMed Central

    Kleinschmidt, João H.; Silva-Filho, Márcio C.; Bim, Edson; Herai, Roberto H.; Yamagishi, Michel E. B.; Palazzo, Reginaldo

    2012-01-01

    Since a genome is a discrete sequence, the elements of which belong to a set of four letters, the question as to whether or not there is an error-correcting code underlying DNA sequences is unavoidable. The most common approach to answering this question is to propose a methodology to verify the existence of such a code. However, none of the methodologies proposed so far, although quite clever, has achieved that goal. In a recent work, we showed that DNA sequences can be identified as codewords in a class of cyclic error-correcting codes known as Hamming codes. In this paper, we show that a complete intron-exon gene, and even a plasmid genome, can be identified as a Hamming code codeword as well. Although this does not constitute a definitive proof that there is an error-correcting code underlying DNA sequences, it is the first evidence in this direction. PMID:22649495

  15. Biomechanical Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Single Implant-Supported Prostheses in the Anterior Maxilla, with Different Surgical Techniques and Implant Types.

    PubMed

    Verri, Fellippo Ramos; Santiago, Joel Ferreira; Almeida, Daniel Augusto; de Souza Batista, Victor Eduardo; Araujo Lemos, Cleidiel Aparecido; Mello, Caroline Cantieri; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza

    The aim of this study was to use three-dimensional finite element analysis to analyze the stress distribution transferred by single implant-supported prostheses placed in the anterior maxilla using different connections (external hexagon, internal hexagon, or Morse taper), inclinations of the load (0, 30, or 60 degrees), and surgical techniques for placement (monocortical/conventional, bicortical, or bicortical with nasal floor elevation). Nine models representing a bone block of this region were simulated by computer-aided design software (InVesalius, Rhinoceros, SolidWorks). Each model received one implant, which supported a cemented metalloceramic crown. Using FEMAP software, finite elements were discretized while simulating a 178-N load at 0, 30, and 60 degrees relative to the long axis of the implant. The problem was solved in NEi Nastran software, and postprocessing was performed in FEMAP. Von Mises stress and maximum principal stress maps were made. The von Mises stress analysis revealed that stress increased with increasing inclination of the load, from 0 to 30 to 60 degrees. Morse taper implants showed less stress concentration around the cervical and apical areas of the implant. The bicortical technique, associated or not with nasal floor elevation, contributed to decreasing the stress concentration in the apical area of the implant. Maximum principal stress analysis showed that the increase in inclination was proportional to the increase in stress on the bone tissue in the cervical area. Lower stress concentrations in the cortical bone were obtained with Morse taper implants and the bicortical technique compared with other connections and surgical techniques, respectively. Increasing the inclination of the applied force relative to the long axis of the implant tended to overload the peri-implant bone tissue and the internal structure of the implants. The Morse taper connection and bicortical techniques seemed to be more favorable than other connections or techniques, respectively, for restoring the anterior maxilla.

  16. Bathymetric surveys of Morse and Geist Reservoirs in central Indiana made with acoustic Doppler current profiler and global positioning system technology, 1996

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Wilson, J.T.; Morlock, S.E.; Baker, N.T.

    1997-01-01

    Acoustic Doppler current profiler, global positioning system, and geographic information system technology were used to map the bathymetry of Morse and Geist Reservoirs, two artificial lakes used for public water supply in central Indiana. The project was a pilot study to evaluate the use of the technologies for bathymetric surveys. Bathymetric surveys were last conducted in 1978 on Morse Reservoir and in 1980 on Geist Reservoir; those surveys were done with conventional methods using networks of fathometer transects. The 1996 bathymetric surveys produced updated estimates of reservoir volumes that will serve as base-line data for future estimates of storage capacity and sedimentation rates.An acoustic Doppler current profiler and global positioning system receiver were used to collect water-depth and position data from April 1996 through October 1996. All water-depth and position data were imported to a geographic information system to create a data base. The geographic information system then was used to generate water-depth contour maps and to compute the volumes for each reservoir.The computed volume of Morse Reservoir was 22,820 acre-feet (7.44 billion gallons), with a surface area of 1,484 acres. The computed volume of Geist Reservoir was 19,280 acre-feet (6.29 billion gallons), with a surface area of 1,848 acres. The computed 1996 reservoir volumes are less than the design volumes and indicate that sedimentation has occurred in both reservoirs. Cross sections were constructed from the computer-generated surfaces for 1996 and compared to the fathometer profiles from the 1978 and 1980 surveys; analysis of these cross sections also indicates that some sedimentation has occurred in both reservoirs.The acoustic Doppler current profiler, global positioning system, and geographic information system technologies described in this report produced bathymetric maps and volume estimates more efficiently and with comparable or greater resolution than conventional bathymetry methods.

  17. 33 CFR 401.68 - Explosives permission letter.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SEAWAY REGULATIONS AND RULES Regulations Dangerous Cargo § 401.68 Explosives... Dangerous Goods Regulations (Canada), the United States regulations under the Dangerous Cargo Act and the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, may be made to the St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation, 202...

  18. 33 CFR 401.68 - Explosives Permission Letter.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SEAWAY REGULATIONS AND RULES Regulations Dangerous Cargo § 401.68 Explosives... Regulations respecting the Carriage of Dangerous Goods, the United States Regulations under the Dangerous Cargo Act and the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code may be made to the Saint Lawrence Seaway...

  19. 33 CFR 401.68 - Explosives Permission Letter.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SEAWAY REGULATIONS AND RULES Regulations Dangerous Cargo § 401.68 Explosives... Regulations respecting the Carriage of Dangerous Goods, the United States Regulations under the Dangerous Cargo Act and the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code may be made to the Saint Lawrence Seaway...

  20. Going Digital - The Transition from Mark IV to DBBC at Onsala

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kareinen, Niko; Haas, Rüdiger; La Porta, Laura; Bertarini, Alessandra

    2014-12-01

    The Onsala Space Observatory is currently equipped with both a VLBI Mark IV rack and a digital BBC (DBBC). The Mark IV rack at Onsala has been used operationally for both astronomical and geodetic VLBI for more than 40 years. In 2011, Onsala purchased a DBBC and we started to test it and to gain experience with the new device, both for astronomical and geodetic VLBI. The DBBC was upgraded several times and the Field System (FS) interface was implemented. We did parallel recordings, with both the old Mark IV/Mark 5A system and the new DBBC/Mark 5B+ system, during numerous geodetic VLBI sessions. Several R1, T2, and Euro sessions were correlated during the last two years by the Bonn correlator with Onsala being included both as an analog station (two-letter code On) and as a digital station (two-letter code Od). We present results from these parallel sessions, both results from the original correlation and results from the analysis of the corresponding databases.

  1. Tuning time-frequency methods for the detection of metered HF speech

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nelson, Douglas J.; Smith, Lawrence H.

    2002-12-01

    Speech is metered if the stresses occur at a nearly regular rate. Metered speech is common in poetry, and it can occur naturally in speech, if the speaker is spelling a word or reciting words or numbers from a list. In radio communications, the CQ request, call sign and other codes are frequently metered. In tactical communications and air traffic control, location, heading and identification codes may be metered. Moreover metering may be expected to survive even in HF communications, which are corrupted by noise, interference and mistuning. For this environment, speech recognition and conventional machine-based methods are not effective. We describe Time-Frequency methods which have been adapted successfully to the problem of mitigation of HF signal conditions and detection of metered speech. These methods are based on modeled time and frequency correlation properties of nearly harmonic functions. We derive these properties and demonstrate a performance gain over conventional correlation and spectral methods. Finally, in addressing the problem of HF single sideband (SSB) communications, the problems of carrier mistuning, interfering signals, such as manual Morse, and fast automatic gain control (AGC) must be addressed. We demonstrate simple methods which may be used to blindly mitigate mistuning and narrowband interference, and effectively invert the fast automatic gain function.

  2. "What" and "where" in word reading: ventral coding of written words revealed by parietal atrophy.

    PubMed

    Vinckier, Fabien; Naccache, Lionel; Papeix, Caroline; Forget, Joaquim; Hahn-Barma, Valerie; Dehaene, Stanislas; Cohen, Laurent

    2006-12-01

    The visual system of literate adults develops a remarkable perceptual expertise for printed words. To delineate the aspects of this competence intrinsic to the occipitotemporal "what" pathway, we studied a patient with bilateral lesions of the occipitoparietal "where" pathway. Depending on critical geometric features of the display (rotation angle, letter spacing, mirror reversal, etc.), she switched from a good performance, when her intact ventral pathway was sufficient to encode words, to severely impaired reading, when her parietal lesions prevented the use of alternative reading strategies as a result of spatial and attentional impairments. In particular, reading was disrupted (a) by rotating word by more than 50 degrees , providing an approximation of the invariance range for words encoding in the ventral pathway; (b) by separating letters with double spaces, revealing the limits of letter grouping into perceptual wholes; (c) by mirror-reversing words, showing that words escape the default mirror-invariant representation of visual objects in the ventral pathway. Moreover, because of her parietal lesions, she was unable to discriminate mirror images of common objects, although she was excellent with reversible pseudowords, confirming that the breaking of mirror symmetry was intrinsic to the occipitotemporal cortex. Thus, charting the display conditions associated with preserved or impaired performance allowed us to infer properties of word coding in the normal ventral pathway and to delineate the roles of the parietal lobes in single-word recognition.

  3. 2010 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members. Administration, Datasets, and Codebook

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-04-01

    from the survey litho code list if a survey form was sent or independently if only a letter was sent. Ticket Numbers for Web Survey Access Prior...variables BATCH, SERIAL, and LITHO uniquely identify each returned survey. LITHO is the lithocode scanned from the survey. BATCH and SERIAL are the...Uned 593 LEADERSAT Tabs: Leadership Satisfaction Scale- Q11 176 LITHO * Litho code 1086 MAILTYP* Mail Type 1087 MENTOR 12. [12] Do you have a

  4. 49 CFR 700.3 - Availability of documents, assistance, and information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... segments dedicated to the following topics: Amtrak's computer system and its communication codes; interline... concerns in a letter or other written communication directed to the appropriate vice president or to the Director of Corporate Communications. Amtrak will bring such communications to the attention of the...

  5. 49 CFR 700.3 - Availability of documents, assistance, and information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... segments dedicated to the following topics: Amtrak's computer system and its communication codes; interline... concerns in a letter or other written communication directed to the appropriate vice president or to the Director of Corporate Communications. Amtrak will bring such communications to the attention of the...

  6. 49 CFR 700.3 - Availability of documents, assistance, and information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... segments dedicated to the following topics: Amtrak's computer system and its communication codes; interline... concerns in a letter or other written communication directed to the appropriate vice president or to the Director of Corporate Communications. Amtrak will bring such communications to the attention of the...

  7. 49 CFR 700.3 - Availability of documents, assistance, and information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... segments dedicated to the following topics: Amtrak's computer system and its communication codes; interline... concerns in a letter or other written communication directed to the appropriate vice president or to the Director of Corporate Communications. Amtrak will bring such communications to the attention of the...

  8. 9 CFR 81.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... or territory code, followed by two or three letters and four additional numbers. Official APHIS... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Definitions. 81.1 Section 81.1 Animals... § 81.1 Definitions. These definitions are applicable to this part: Accredited veterinarian. A...

  9. 9 CFR 81.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... or territory code, followed by two or three letters and four additional numbers. Official APHIS... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Definitions. 81.1 Section 81.1 Animals... § 81.1 Definitions. These definitions are applicable to this part: Accredited veterinarian. A...

  10. Counting relative equilibrium configurations of the full two-body problem

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Moeckel, Richard

    2018-02-01

    Consider a system of two rigid, massive bodies interacting according to their mutual gravitational attraction. In a relative equilibrium motion, the bodies rotate rigidly and uniformly about a fixed axis in R^3. This is possible only for special positions and orientations of the bodies. After fixing the angular momentum, these relative equilibrium configurations can be characterized as critical points of a smooth function on configuration space. The goal of this paper is to use Morse theory and Lusternik-Schnirelmann category theory to give lower bounds for the number of critical points when the angular momentum is sufficiently large. In addition, the exact number of critical points and their Morse indices are found in the limit as the angular momentum tends to infinity.

  11. Comment on “Approximate solutions of the Dirac equation for the Rosen-Morse potential including the spin-orbit centrifugal term” [J. Math. Phys. 51, 023525 (2010)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ghoumaid, A.; Benamira, F.; Guechi, L.

    2016-02-15

    It is shown that the application of the Nikiforov-Uvarov method by Ikhdair for solving the Dirac equation with the radial Rosen-Morse potential plus the spin-orbit centrifugal term is inadequate because the required conditions are not satisfied. The energy spectra given is incorrect and the wave functions are not physically acceptable. We clarify the problem and prove that the spinor wave functions are expressed in terms of the generalized hypergeometric functions {sub 2}F{sub 1}(a, b, c; z). The energy eigenvalues for the bound states are given by the solution of a transcendental equation involving the hypergeometric function.

  12. Energy spectra and wave function of trigonometric Rosen-Morse potential as an effective quantum chromodynamics potential in D-dimensions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Deta, U. A., E-mail: utamaalan@yahoo.co.id; Suparmi,; Cari,

    2014-09-30

    The Energy Spectra and Wave Function of Schrodinger equation in D-Dimensions for trigonometric Rosen-Morse potential were investigated analytically using Nikiforov-Uvarov method. This potential captures the essential traits of the quark-gluon dynamics of Quantum Chromodynamics. The approximate energy spectra are given in the close form and the corresponding approximate wave function for arbitrary l-state (l ≠ 0) in D-dimensions are formulated in the form of differential polynomials. The wave function of this potential unnormalizable for general case. The wave function of this potential unnormalizable for general case. The existence of extra dimensions (centrifugal factor) and this potential increase the energy spectramore » of system.« less

  13. Spin and pseudospin symmetric Dirac particles in the field of Tietz—Hua potential including Coulomb tensor interaction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sameer, M. Ikhdair; Majid, Hamzavi

    2013-09-01

    Approximate analytical solutions of the Dirac equation for Tietz—Hua (TH) potential including Coulomb-like tensor (CLT) potential with arbitrary spin—orbit quantum number κ are obtained within the Pekeris approximation scheme to deal with the spin—orbit coupling terms κ(κ ± 1)r-2. Under the exact spin and pseudospin symmetric limitation, bound state energy eigenvalues and associated unnormalized two-component wave functions of the Dirac particle in the field of both attractive and repulsive TH potential with tensor potential are found using the parametric Nikiforov—Uvarov (NU) method. The cases of the Morse oscillator with tensor potential, the generalized Morse oscillator with tensor potential, and the non-relativistic limits have been investigated.

  14. Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  15. Critical thinking by nurses on ethical issues like the termination of pregnancies.

    PubMed

    Botes, A

    2000-09-01

    This research forms part of a larger interdisciplinary research project on the termination of pregnancies. The focus of this part of the project is on the ethical issues related to termination of pregnancies. The practice of the professional nurse is confronted with ethical dilemmas and disputes. Whether the nurse chooses to participate in the termination of pregnancies or not, the core function of the nurse is that of counseling and ethical decision-making. Effective counseling requires empathy, respect for human rights and unconditional acceptance of a person. Making ethical decisions implies making critical decisions. It is self-evident, therefore, that such decisions should be based on sound arguments and logical reasoning. It is of vital importance that ethical decisions can be justified on rational ground. Decision-making is a critical thinking approach process for choosing the best action to meet a desired goal. The research question that is relevant for this paper is: Are nurses thinking critically about ethical issues like the termination of pregnancies? To answer the research question a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design was used (Mouton, 1996:103-169). Registered nurses were selected purposively (Creswell, 1994:15). 1200 registered nurses completed the open-ended questionnaires. Focus group interviews were conducted with 22 registered nurses from a public hospital for women and child health services. Data analysis, using secondary data from open-ended questionnaires and transcribed focus group interviews, were based on the approach of Morse and Field (1994:25-34) and Strauss and Corbin (1990). The themes and categories from open coding were compared, conceptualized and linked with theories on critical thinking (Paul, 1994; Watson & Glaser, 1991 and the American Philosophical Association, 1990). The measures of Lincoln and Guba (1985) and Morse (1994) related to secondary data analysis were employed to ensure trustworthiness. Based on these findings the researcher concluded that nurses are not thinking critically when making ethical decisions concerning the termination of pregnancies. Recommendations are made as a possible solution for this problem.

  16. Orthographic and phonological contributions to reading development: tracking developmental trajectories using masked priming.

    PubMed

    Ziegler, Johannes C; Bertrand, Daisy; Lété, Bernard; Grainger, Jonathan

    2014-04-01

    The present study used a variant of masked priming to track the development of 2 marker effects of orthographic and phonological processing from Grade 1 through Grade 5 in a cross-sectional study. Pseudohomophone (PsH) priming served as a marker for phonological processing, whereas transposed-letter (TL) priming was a marker for coarse-grained orthographic processing. The results revealed a clear developmental picture. First, the PsH priming effect was significant and remained stable across development, suggesting that phonology not only plays an important role in early reading development but continues to exert a robust influence throughout reading development. This finding challenges the view that more advanced readers should rely less on phonological information than younger readers. Second, the TL priming effect increased monotonically with grade level and reading age, which suggests greater reliance on coarse-grained orthographic coding as children become better readers. Thus, TL priming effects seem to be a good marker effect for children's ability to use coarse-grained orthographic coding to speed up direct lexical access in alphabetic languages. The results were predicted by the dual-route model of orthographic processing, which suggests that direct orthographic access is achieved through coarse-grained orthographic coding that tolerates some degree of flexibility in letter order. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved.

  17. Wavelet domain textual coding of Ottoman script images

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gerek, Oemer N.; Cetin, Enis A.; Tewfik, Ahmed H.

    1996-02-01

    Image coding using wavelet transform, DCT, and similar transform techniques is well established. On the other hand, these coding methods neither take into account the special characteristics of the images in a database nor are they suitable for fast database search. In this paper, the digital archiving of Ottoman printings is considered. Ottoman documents are printed in Arabic letters. Witten et al. describes a scheme based on finding the characters in binary document images and encoding the positions of the repeated characters This method efficiently compresses document images and is suitable for database research, but it cannot be applied to Ottoman or Arabic documents as the concept of character is different in Ottoman or Arabic. Typically, one has to deal with compound structures consisting of a group of letters. Therefore, the matching criterion will be according to those compound structures. Furthermore, the text images are gray tone or color images for Ottoman scripts for the reasons that are described in the paper. In our method the compound structure matching is carried out in wavelet domain which reduces the search space and increases the compression ratio. In addition to the wavelet transformation which corresponds to the linear subband decomposition, we also used nonlinear subband decomposition. The filters in the nonlinear subband decomposition have the property of preserving edges in the low resolution subband image.

  18. Evaluating the effectiveness of PrepSTART for promoting oral language and emergent literacy skills in disadvantaged preparatory students.

    PubMed

    Lennox, Maria; Westerveld, Marleen F; Trembath, David

    2018-04-01

    This study examined the effectiveness of a classroom-based intervention programme aimed at improving the oral language and emergent literacy skills of students from low socio-economic, culturally diverse backgrounds within their first formal year of schooling ("prep"). Data from 137 students were available for analysis. Participants were from three primary schools located in Queensland, Australia. Eight classes were allocated to intervention and two classes acted as a business as usual control. All students received literacy instruction as per the Australian Curriculum. However, the intervention group received 24 weeks of scripted, classroom-based, book-based intervention targeting code- and meaning-related emergent literacy skills. All students were assessed individually pre- and post-intervention on code-related measures (i.e. letter identification and phonological awareness) and meaning-related measures (i.e. vocabulary, oral narrative comprehension and retell). All students made significant improvement over time for all measures. Students in the intervention group showed significantly more progress than the business as usual group on all measures, except for letter identification and oral narrative comprehension. This classroom-based book-based intervention can improve the code- and meaning-related emergent literacy skills of prep students from low socio-economic backgrounds and provide these students with the building blocks for successful literacy acquisition.

  19. 78 FR 20332 - Changes in Flood Hazard Determinations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-04

    ...), as shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs), and where applicable, in the supporting Flood... a Letter of Map Revision (LOMR), in accordance with Title 44, Part 65 of the Code of Federal... inspection at both the online location and the respective community map repository address listed in the...

  20. Episodic Contributions to Sequential Control: Learning from a Typist's Touch

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Crump, Matthew J. C.; Logan, Gordon D.

    2010-01-01

    Sequential control over routine action is widely assumed to be controlled by stable, highly practiced representations. Our findings demonstrate that the processes controlling routine actions in the domain of skilled typing can be flexibly manipulated by memory processes coding recent experience with typing particular words and letters. In two…

  1. Sudan: Humanitarian Crisis, Peace Talks, Terrorism, and U.S. Policy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2002-03-19

    Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress CRS Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web Order Code IB98043 Sudan...as articulated by President Clinton in a 1996 letter to President Isaias of Eritrea supports regional efforts and seeks to isolate the NIF regime for

  2. Sudan: Humanitarian Crisis, Peace Talks, Terrorism, and U.S. Policy

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2002-05-08

    Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web Order Code IB98043 Sudan...U.S. policy toward Sudan as articulated by President Clinton in a 1996 letter to President Isaias of Eritrea supports regional efforts and seeks to

  3. Management Oversight but Not Management

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McAdams, Donald R.

    2004-01-01

    Good board members and effective boards do not micromanage, but they are trustees for the public. They must accept responsibility for establishing and maintaining high ethical standards for themselves and all school district employees. They must ensure that everyone follows the law in letter and spirit. This means ethics codes,…

  4. 1 CFR 21.11 - Standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... consists of the following structural units: (a) Titles, which are numbered consecutively in Arabic... are lettered consecutively in capitals throughout the chapter; (e) Parts, which are numbered in Arabic... Arabic throughout each part. A section number includes the number of the part followed by a period and...

  5. 1 CFR 21.11 - Standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... consists of the following structural units: (a) Titles, which are numbered consecutively in Arabic... are lettered consecutively in capitals throughout the chapter; (e) Parts, which are numbered in Arabic... Arabic throughout each part. A section number includes the number of the part followed by a period and...

  6. 1 CFR 21.11 - Standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... consists of the following structural units: (a) Titles, which are numbered consecutively in Arabic... are lettered consecutively in capitals throughout the chapter; (e) Parts, which are numbered in Arabic... Arabic throughout each part. A section number includes the number of the part followed by a period and...

  7. 1 CFR 21.11 - Standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... consists of the following structural units: (a) Titles, which are numbered consecutively in Arabic... are lettered consecutively in capitals throughout the chapter; (e) Parts, which are numbered in Arabic... Arabic throughout each part. A section number includes the number of the part followed by a period and...

  8. Letter report on a straw-man modification of an ATC transponder for discrete address use

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1974-05-01

    An experimental evaluation has been made of an RCA AVQ-65 airtraffic control transponder modified, in Mode D, so as to reply if and only if interrogated with its own preset reply code. Successful operation of the modified transponder was verified, an...

  9. 47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

  10. 47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

  11. 47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

  12. 47 CFR 13.207 - Preparing an examination.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Preparing an examination. (a) Each telegraphy message and each written question set administered to an... may obtain the written question sets from a supplier or other COLEM. (c) A telegraphy examination must... examination. Each five letters of the alphabet must be counted as one word or one code group. Each numeral...

  13. 7 CFR 987.102 - Lot number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lot number. 987.102 Section 987.102 Agriculture... RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Administrative Rules Definitions § 987.102 Lot number. Lot number is synonymous with code and means a combination of letters or numbers, or both, acceptable to the Committee, showing...

  14. 7 CFR 987.102 - Lot number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lot number. 987.102 Section 987.102 Agriculture... RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Administrative Rules Definitions § 987.102 Lot number. Lot number is synonymous with code and means a combination of letters or numbers, or both, acceptable to the Committee, showing...

  15. 7 CFR 987.102 - Lot number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Lot number. 987.102 Section 987.102 Agriculture... RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Administrative Rules Definitions § 987.102 Lot number. Lot number is synonymous with code and means a combination of letters or numbers, or both, acceptable to the Committee, showing...

  16. 7 CFR 987.102 - Lot number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Lot number. 987.102 Section 987.102 Agriculture... RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Administrative Rules Definitions § 987.102 Lot number. Lot number is synonymous with code and means a combination of letters or numbers, or both, acceptable to the Committee, showing...

  17. 7 CFR 987.102 - Lot number.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lot number. 987.102 Section 987.102 Agriculture... RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Administrative Rules Definitions § 987.102 Lot number. Lot number is synonymous with code and means a combination of letters or numbers, or both, acceptable to the Committee, showing...

  18. The Flip Side of Holland Type Congruence: Incongruence and Job Satisfaction

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dik, Bryan J.; Strife, Samantha Roberts; Hansen, Jo-Ida C.

    2010-01-01

    This study examined the relationship between Holland type (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional; Holland, 1959, 1997) congruence and incongruence (i.e., lack of ft between an occupation's 3-letter Holland code and a person's lowest 3 Holland interest types) and tested whether incongruence predicts unique…

  19. How to Write: A Barely Annotated Bibliography. Research Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, Lance A.

    The references in this bibliography tend toward practical or "how to" strategies for writing. The 718 references are listed alphabetically in the bibliography section, with each citation followed by a code denoting its topical categories: (1) general "how to write," (2) "how to write" business letters, (3) stylistics,…

  20. Interstitial and Interlayer Ion Diffusion Geometry Extraction in Graphitic Nanosphere Battery Materials.

    PubMed

    Gyulassy, Attila; Knoll, Aaron; Lau, Kah Chun; Wang, Bei; Bremer, Peer-Timo; Papka, Michael E; Curtiss, Larry A; Pascucci, Valerio

    2016-01-01

    Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are commonly used for simulating the synthesis and ion diffusion of battery materials. A good battery anode material is determined by its capacity to store ion or other diffusers. However, modeling of ion diffusion dynamics and transport properties at large length and long time scales would be impossible with current MD codes. To analyze the fundamental properties of these materials, therefore, we turn to geometric and topological analysis of their structure. In this paper, we apply a novel technique inspired by discrete Morse theory to the Delaunay triangulation of the simulated geometry of a thermally annealed carbon nanosphere. We utilize our computed structures to drive further geometric analysis to extract the interstitial diffusion structure as a single mesh. Our results provide a new approach to analyze the geometry of the simulated carbon nanosphere, and new insights into the role of carbon defect size and distribution in determining the charge capacity and charge dynamics of these carbon based battery materials.

  1. Interstitial and Interlayer Ion Diffusion Geometry Extraction in Graphitic Nanosphere Battery Materials

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gyulassy, Attila; Knoll, Aaron; Lau, Kah Chun

    2016-01-01

    Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are commonly used for simulating the synthesis and ion diffusion of battery materials. A good battery anode material is determined by its capacity to store ion or other diffusers. However, modeling of ion diffusion dynamics and transport properties at large length and long time scales would be impossible with current MD codes. To analyze the fundamental properties of these materials, therefore, we turn to geometric and topological analysis of their structure. In this paper, we apply a novel technique inspired by discrete Morse theory to the Delaunay triangulation of the simulated geometry of a thermallymore » annealed carbon nanosphere. We utilize our computed structures to drive further geometric analysis to extract the interstitial diffusion structure as a single mesh. Our results provide a new approach to analyze the geometry of the simulated carbon nanosphere, and new insights into the role of carbon defect size and distribution in determining the charge capacity and charge dynamics of these carbon based battery materials.« less

  2. Interstitial and interlayer ion diffusion geometry extraction in graphitic nanosphere battery materials

    DOE PAGES

    Gyulassy, Attila; Knoll, Aaron; Lau, Kah Chun; ...

    2016-01-31

    Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are commonly used for simulating the synthesis and ion diffusion of battery materials. A good battery anode material is determined by its capacity to store ion or other diffusers. However, modeling of ion diffusion dynamics and transport properties at large length and long time scales would be impossible with current MD codes. To analyze the fundamental properties of these materials, therefore, we turn to geometric and topological analysis of their structure. In this paper, we apply a novel technique inspired by discrete Morse theory to the Delaunay triangulation of the simulated geometry of a thermallymore » annealed carbon nanosphere. We utilize our computed structures to drive further geometric analysis to extract the interstitial diffusion structure as a single mesh. Lastly, our results provide a new approach to analyze the geometry of the simulated carbon nanosphere, and new insights into the role of carbon defect size and distribution in determining the charge capacity and charge dynamics of these carbon based battery materials.« less

  3. Premotor activations in response to visually presented single letters depend on the hand used to write: a study on left-handers.

    PubMed

    Longcamp, Marieke; Anton, Jean-Luc; Roth, Muriel; Velay, Jean-Luc

    2005-01-01

    In a previous fMRI study on right-handers (Rhrs), we reported that part of the left ventral premotor cortex (BA6) was activated when alphabetical characters were passively observed and that the same region was also involved in handwriting [Longcamp, M., Anton, J. L., Roth, M., & Velay, J. L. (2003). Visual presentation of single letters activates a premotor area involved in writing. NeuroImage, 19, 1492-1500]. We therefore suggested that letter-viewing may induce automatic involvement of handwriting movements. In the present study, in order to confirm this hypothesis, we carried out a similar fMRI experiment on a group of left-handed subjects (Lhrs). We reasoned that if the above assumption was correct, visual perception of letters by Lhrs might automatically activate cortical motor areas coding for left-handed writing movements, i.e., areas located in the right hemisphere. The visual stimuli used here were either single letters, single pseudoletters, or a control stimulus. The subjects were asked to watch these stimuli attentively, and no response was required. The results showed that a ventral premotor cortical area (BA6) in the right hemisphere was specifically activated when Lhrs looked at letters and not at pseudoletters. This right area was symmetrically located with respect to the left one activated under the same circumstances in Rhrs. This finding supports the hypothesis that visual perception of written language evokes covert motor processes. In addition, a bilateral area, also located in the premotor cortex (BA6), but more ventrally and medially, was found to be activated in response to both letters and pseudoletters. This premotor region, which was not activated correspondingly in Rhrs, might be involved in the processing of graphic stimuli, whatever their degree of familiarity.

  4. Qiang-Dong proper quantization rule and its applications to exactly solvable quantum systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Serrano, F. A.; Gu, Xiao-Yan; Dong, Shi-Hai

    2010-08-01

    We propose proper quantization rule, ∫x_Ax_B k(x)dx-∫x0Ax0Bk0(x)dx=nπ, where k(x )=√2M[E -V(x)] /ℏ. The xA and xB are two turning points determined by E =V(x), and n is the number of the nodes of wave function ψ(x ). We carry out the exact solutions of solvable quantum systems by this rule and find that the energy spectra of solvable systems can be determined only from its ground state energy. The previous complicated and tedious integral calculations involved in exact quantization rule are greatly simplified. The beauty and simplicity of the rule come from its meaning—whenever the number of the nodes of ϕ(x ) or the number of the nodes of the wave function ψ(x ) increases by 1, the momentum integral ∫xAxBk(x )dx will increase by π. We apply this proper quantization rule to carry out solvable quantum systems such as the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, the Morse potential and its generalization, the Hulthén potential, the Scarf II potential, the asymmetric trigonometric Rosen-Morse potential, the Pöschl-Teller type potentials, the Rosen-Morse potential, the Eckart potential, the harmonic oscillator in three dimensions, the hydrogen atom, and the Manning-Rosen potential in D dimensions.

  5. Photonic band gap properties of one-dimensional Thue-Morse all-dielectric photonic quasicrystal

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yue, Chenxi; Tan, Wei; Liu, Jianjun

    2018-05-01

    In this paper, the photonic band gap (PBG) properties of one-dimensional (1D) Thue-Morse photonic quasicrystal (PQC) S4 structure are theoretically investigated by using transfer matrix method in Bragg condition. The effects of the center wavelength, relative permittivity and incident angle on PBG properties are elaborately analyzed. Numerical results reveal that, in the case of normal incidence, the symmetry and periodicity properties of the photonic band structure are presented. As the center wavelength increases, the PBG center frequency and PBG width decrease while the photonic band structure is always symmetrical about the central frequency and the photonic band structure repeats periodically in the expanding observation frequency range. With the decrease of relative permittivity contrast, the PBG width and the relative PBG width gradually decreases until PBG disappears while the symmetry of the photonic band structure always exists. In the case of oblique incidence, as the incident angle increases, multiple narrow PBGs gradually merge into a wide PBG for the TE mode while for the TM mode, the number of PBG continuously decreases and eventually disappears, i.e., multiple narrow PBGs become a wide passband for the TM mode. The research results will provide a reference for the choice of the material, the incident angle for the PBG properties and its applications of 1D Thue-Morse PQC.

  6. A new Morse-oscillator based Hamiltonian for H 3+: Calculation of line strengths

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jensen, Per; Špirko, V.

    1986-07-01

    In two recent publications [V. Špirko, P. Jensen, P. R. Bunker, and A. Čejchan, J. Mol. Spectrosc.112, 183-202 (1985); P. Jensen, V. Špirko, and P. R. Bunker, J. Mol. Spectrosc.115, 269-293 (1986)], we have described the development of Morse oscillator adapted rotation-vibration Hamiltonians for equilateral triangular X3 and Y2X molecules, and we have used these Hamiltonians to calculate the rotation-vibration energies for H 3+ and its X3+ and Y2X+ isotopes from ab initio potential energy functions. The present paper presents a method for calculating rotation-vibration line strengths of H 3+ and its isotopes using an ab initio dipole moment function [G. D. Carney and R. N. Porter, J. Chem. Phys.60, 4251-4264 (1974)] together with the energies and wave-functions obtained by diagonalization of the Morse oscillator adapted Hamiltonians. We use this method for calculating the vibrational transition moments involving the lowest vibrational states of H 3+, D 3+, H 2D +, and D 2H +. Further, we calculate the line strengths of the low- J transitions in the rotational spectra of H 3+ in the vibrational ground state and in the ν1 and ν2 states. We hope that the calculations presented will facilitate the search for further rotation-vibration transitions of H 3+ and its isotopes.

  7. Misfit of Three Different Implant-Abutment Connections Before and After Cyclic Load Application: An In Vitro Study.

    PubMed

    Gehrke, Sergio Alexandre; Delgado-Ruiz, Rafael Arcesio; Prados Frutos, Juan Carlos; Prados-Privado, María; Dedavid, Berenice Anina; Granero Marín, Jose Manuel; Calvo Guirado, José Luiz

    This study aimed to evaluate the misfit of three different implant-abutment connections before and after cycling load. One hundred twenty dental implants and correspondent prefabricated titanium abutments were used. Three different implant-abutment connections were evaluated: Morse taper (MT group), external hexagon (EH group), and internal hexagon (IH group). Forty implants and 40 abutments were used per group. The parameters for the mechanical evaluation were set as: 360,000 cycles, load of 150 N, and frequency of 4 Hz. Samples were sectioned in their longitudinal and transversal axes, and the misfit of the implant-abutment connection was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy analysis. One-way analyses of variance, Tukey post hoc analyses (α = .05), and t test (P < .05) were used to determine differences between groups. At the longitudinal direction, all the groups showed the presence of microgaps before cycling load; after cycling load, microgaps were reduced in all groups (P > .05). Transversally, only the MT group showed full fitting after cycling load compared with the other groups (EH and IH) (P < .0001). The application of cycling load produces an accommodation of the implant-abutment connection in internal, external, and Morse taper connections. In the longitudinal direction, the accommodation decreases and/or eliminates the gap observed initially (before load). In the horizontal direction, Morse cone implant-abutment connections experience a complete accommodation with the elimination of the gap.

  8. Towards a Universal Model of Reading

    PubMed Central

    Frost, Ram

    2013-01-01

    In the last decade, reading research has seen a paradigmatic shift. A new wave of computational models of orthographic processing that offer various forms of noisy position or context-sensitive coding, have revolutionized the field of visual word recognition. The influx of such models stems mainly from consistent findings, coming mostly from European languages, regarding an apparent insensitivity of skilled readers to letter-order. Underlying the current revolution is the theoretical assumption that the insensitivity of readers to letter order reflects the special way in which the human brain encodes the position of letters in printed words. The present paper discusses the theoretical shortcomings and misconceptions of this approach to visual word recognition. A systematic review of data obtained from a variety of languages demonstrates that letter-order insensitivity is not a general property of the cognitive system, neither it is a property of the brain in encoding letters. Rather, it is a variant and idiosyncratic characteristic of some languages, mostly European, reflecting a strategy of optimizing encoding resources, given the specific structure of words. Since the main goal of reading research is to develop theories that describe the fundamental and invariant phenomena of reading across orthographies, an alternative approach to model visual word recognition is offered. The dimensions of a possible universal model of reading, which outlines the common cognitive operations involved in orthographic processing in all writing systems, are discussed. PMID:22929057

  9. Towards a universal model of reading.

    PubMed

    Frost, Ram

    2012-10-01

    In the last decade, reading research has seen a paradigmatic shift. A new wave of computational models of orthographic processing that offer various forms of noisy position or context-sensitive coding have revolutionized the field of visual word recognition. The influx of such models stems mainly from consistent findings, coming mostly from European languages, regarding an apparent insensitivity of skilled readers to letter order. Underlying the current revolution is the theoretical assumption that the insensitivity of readers to letter order reflects the special way in which the human brain encodes the position of letters in printed words. The present article discusses the theoretical shortcomings and misconceptions of this approach to visual word recognition. A systematic review of data obtained from a variety of languages demonstrates that letter-order insensitivity is neither a general property of the cognitive system nor a property of the brain in encoding letters. Rather, it is a variant and idiosyncratic characteristic of some languages, mostly European, reflecting a strategy of optimizing encoding resources, given the specific structure of words. Since the main goal of reading research is to develop theories that describe the fundamental and invariant phenomena of reading across orthographies, an alternative approach to model visual word recognition is offered. The dimensions of a possible universal model of reading, which outlines the common cognitive operations involved in orthographic processing in all writing systems, are discussed.

  10. Weight bias in graduate school admissions.

    PubMed

    Burmeister, Jacob M; Kiefner, Allison E; Carels, Robert A; Musher-Eizenman, Dara R

    2013-05-01

    Whether weight bias occurs in the graduate school admissions process is explored here. Specifically, we examined whether body mass index (BMI) was related to letter of recommendation quality and the number of admissions offers applicants received after attending in-person interviews. Participants were 97 applicants to a psychology graduate program at a large university in the United States. They reported height, weight, and information about their applications to psychology graduate programs. Participants' letters of recommendation were coded for positive and negative statements as well as overall quality. Higher BMI significantly predicted fewer post-interview offers of admission into psychology graduate programs. Results also suggest this relationship is stronger for female applicants. BMI was not related to overall quality or the number of stereotypically weight-related adjectives in letters of recommendation. Surprisingly, higher BMI was related to more positive adjectives in letters. The first evidence that individuals interviewing applicants to graduate programs may systematically favor thinner applicants is provided here. A conscious or unconscious bias against applicants with extra body weight is a plausible explanation. Stereotype threat and social identity threat are also discussed as explanations for the relationship between BMI and interview success. Copyright © 2012 The Obesity Society.

  11. VARiD: a variation detection framework for color-space and letter-space platforms.

    PubMed

    Dalca, Adrian V; Rumble, Stephen M; Levy, Samuel; Brudno, Michael

    2010-06-15

    High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies are transforming the study of genomic variation. The various HTS technologies have different sequencing biases and error rates, and while most HTS technologies sequence the residues of the genome directly, generating base calls for each position, the Applied Biosystem's SOLiD platform generates dibase-coded (color space) sequences. While combining data from the various platforms should increase the accuracy of variation detection, to date there are only a few tools that can identify variants from color space data, and none that can analyze color space and regular (letter space) data together. We present VARiD--a probabilistic method for variation detection from both letter- and color-space reads simultaneously. VARiD is based on a hidden Markov model and uses the forward-backward algorithm to accurately identify heterozygous, homozygous and tri-allelic SNPs, as well as micro-indels. Our analysis shows that VARiD performs better than the AB SOLiD toolset at detecting variants from color-space data alone, and improves the calls dramatically when letter- and color-space reads are combined. The toolset is freely available at http://compbio.cs.utoronto.ca/varid.

  12. A convenient and accurate wide-range parameter relationship between Buckingham and Morse potential energy functions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lim, Teik-Cheng; Dawson, James Alexander

    2018-05-01

    This study explores the close-range, short-range and long-range relationships between the parameters of the Morse and Buckingham potential energy functions. The results show that the close-range and short-range relationships are valid for bond compression and for very small changes in bond length, respectively, while the long-range relationship is valid for bond stretching. A wide-range relationship is proposed to combine the comparative advantages of the close-range, short-range and long-range parameter relationships. The wide-range relationship is useful for replacing the close-range, short-range and long-range parameter relationships, thereby preventing the undesired effects of potential energy jumps resulting from functional switching between the close-range, short-range and long-range interaction energies.

  13. Electronic transport in Thue-Morse gapped graphene superlattice under applied bias

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Mingjing; Zhang, Hongmei; Liu, De

    2018-04-01

    We investigate theoretically the electronic transport properties of Thue-Morse gapped graphene superlattice under an applied electric field. The results indicate that the combined effect of the band gap and the applied bias breaks the angular symmetry of the transmission coefficient. The zero-averaged wave-number gap can be greatly modulated by the band gap and the applied bias, but its position is robust against change of the band gap. Moreover, the conductance and the Fano factor are strongly dependent not only on the Fermi energy but also on the band gap and the applied bias. In the vicinity of the new Dirac point, the minimum value of the conductance obviously decreases and the Fano factor gradually forms a Poissonian value plateau with increasing of the band gap.

  14. Multiple branches of travelling waves for the Gross–Pitaevskii equation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chiron, David; Scheid, Claire

    2018-06-01

    Explicit solitary waves are known to exist for the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili-I (KP-I) equation in dimension 2. We first address numerically the question of their Morse index. The results confirm that the lump solitary wave has Morse index one and that the other explicit solutions correspond to excited states. We then turn to the 2D Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation, which in some long wave regime converges to the KP-I equation. Numerical simulations have already shown that a branch of travelling waves of GP converges to a ground state of KP-I, expected to be the lump. In this work, we perform numerical simulations showing that other explicit solitary waves solutions to the KP-I equation give rise to new branches of travelling waves of GP corresponding to excited states.

  15. Using Arden Syntax for the Generation of Intelligent Intensive Care Discharge Letters.

    PubMed

    Kraus, Stefan; Castellanos, Ixchel; Albermann, Matthias; Schuettler, Christina; Prokosch, Hans-Ulrich; Staudigel, Martin; Toddenroth, Dennis

    2016-01-01

    Discharge letters are an important means of communication between physicians and nurses from intensive care units and their colleagues from normal wards. The patient data management system (PDMS) used at our local intensive care units provides an export tool to create discharge letters by inserting data items from electronic medical records into predefined templates. Local intensivists criticized the limitations of this tool regarding the identification and the further processing of clinically relevant data items for a flexible creation of discharge letters. As our PDMS supports Arden Syntax, and the demanded functionalities are well within the scope of this standard, we set out to investigate the suitability of Arden Syntax for the generation of discharge letters. To provide an easy-to-understand facility for integrating data items into document templates, we created an Arden Syntax interface function which replaces the names of previously defined variables with their content in a way that permits arbitrary custom formatting by clinical users. Our approach facilitates the creation of flexible text sections by conditional statements, as well as the integration of arbitrary HTML code and dynamically generated graphs. The resulting prototype enables clinical users to apply the full set of Arden Syntax language constructs to identify and process relevant data items in a way that far exceeds the capabilities of the PDMS export tool. The generation of discharge letters is an uncommon area of application for Arden Syntax, considerably differing from its original purpose. However, we found our prototype well suited for this task and plan to evaluate it in clinical production after the next major release change of our PDMS.

  16. 78 FR 20334 - Changes in Flood Hazard Determinations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-04

    ... a Letter of Map Revision (LOMR), in accordance with Title 44, Part 65 of the Code of Federal... in a newspaper of local circulation, any person has ninety (90) days in which to request through the........... 060299 areas San Joaquin Vogel, Chairman, Public Works Docs/12-09-2566P- County (12-09- San Joaquin...

  17. Building Needs for the Handicapped.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Windham Southeast Supervisory Union, Brattleboro, VT.

    Listed in the document are specific building needs for the handicapped. It is explained that the detailed survey forms can be used to determine building accessibility for a wide range of handicapping conditions. Survey information includes the specific building need (e.g. 12 foot wide parking space) and the letter code for affected function. Space…

  18. UCC2B: The Impact on Information Professionals.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ebbinghouse, Carol

    1998-01-01

    Discusses the impact of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) Article 2B, dealing with licenses of information and software contracts, on information professionals. Mass market licenses, copyrights, standard form contracts, and impact on first sale are examined. A sidebar lists key World Wide Web sites and includes a sample letter of concern. (LRW)

  19. The Use of Final-Letter Braille Contractions: A Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tallon, Emily M.; Herzberg, Tina S.

    2013-01-01

    Louis Braille developed a six-dot braille code in the early 1800s, thus creating an effective way for persons who are visually impaired to communicate through reading and writing (Holbrook, D'Andrea, & Sanford, 2011). Students with visual impairments require braille instruction from teachers of students with visual impairments, who are responsible…

  20. 75 FR 75464 - Notice of Public Information Collection(s) Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-03

    ... type of switch software) to provide payphone specific coding digits for per-call compensation. The... Information; [cir] RF Exposure Information; [cir] Operational Description; [cir] Cover Letters; [cir] Software Defined Radio/Cognitive Radio Files In general, an applicant's submission is as follows: (a) FCC Form 731...

  1. 78 FR 32673 - Changes in Flood Hazard Determinations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-31

    ... a Letter of Map Revision (LOMR), in accordance with Title 44, Part 65 of the Code of Federal Regulations (44 CFR Part 65). The LOMR will be used by insurance agents and others to calculate appropriate... Act of 1968, 42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq., and with 44 CFR Part 65. [[Page 32674

  2. Effects of Dual Coded Multimedia Instruction Employing Image Morphing on Learning a Logographic Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wang, Ling; Blackwell, Aleka Akoyunoglou

    2015-01-01

    Native speakers of alphabetic languages, which use letters governed by grapheme-phoneme correspondence rules, often find it particularly challenging to learn a logographic language whose writing system employs symbols with no direct sound-to-spelling connection but links to the visual and semantic information. The visuospatial properties of…

  3. 49 CFR 381.210 - How do I request a waiver?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... a written request (for example, a typed or handwritten (printed) letter), which includes all of the...) Principal place of business for the motor carrier or other entity (street address, city, State, and zip code... written statement that: (1) Describes the unique, non-emergency event for which the waiver would be used...

  4. 40 CFR 147.1350 - State-administered programs-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ...://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) Montana...) Letter dated March 8, 1996, from MBOGC independent counsel to USEPA, Region VIII; “Re: EPA comments of... Administrator of the MBOGC and the attached proposed replacement language for the MOA; “Re: Responses to EPA...

  5. 40 CFR 147.300 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr... Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re: Class II Well...) Letter from Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  6. 40 CFR 147.1350 - State-administered programs-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) Montana...) Letter dated March 8, 1996, from MBOGC independent counsel to USEPA, Region VIII; “Re: EPA comments of... Administrator of the MBOGC and the attached proposed replacement language for the MOA; “Re: Responses to EPA...

  7. 40 CFR 147.300 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr... Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re: Class II Well...) Letter from Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  8. 40 CFR 147.1350 - State-administered programs-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) Montana...) Letter dated March 8, 1996, from MBOGC independent counsel to USEPA, Region VIII; “Re: EPA comments of... Administrator of the MBOGC and the attached proposed replacement language for the MOA; “Re: Responses to EPA...

  9. 40 CFR 147.1350 - State-administered programs-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ...://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) Montana...) Letter dated March 8, 1996, from MBOGC independent counsel to USEPA, Region VIII; “Re: EPA comments of... Administrator of the MBOGC and the attached proposed replacement language for the MOA; “Re: Responses to EPA...

  10. 40 CFR 147.300 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr... Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re: Class II Well...) Letter from Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  11. 40 CFR 147.300 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr... Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re: Class II Well...) Letter from Colorado Assistant Attorney General to the Acting Regional Counsel, EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  12. 40 CFR 147.1350 - State-administered programs-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (1) Montana...) Letter dated March 8, 1996, from MBOGC independent counsel to USEPA, Region VIII; “Re: EPA comments of... Administrator of the MBOGC and the attached proposed replacement language for the MOA; “Re: Responses to EPA...

  13. 77 FR 6171 - Petition for Waiver of Compliance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-07

    ...] Petition for Waiver of Compliance In accordance with Part 211 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal... request for a waiver of compliance from certain requirements of its safety standards. In a letter dated... permanent waiver of compliance for one switching locomotive (HVRM 11) from the requirements of 49 CFR part...

  14. Cardiac ultrasonography over 4G wireless networks using a tele-operated robot

    PubMed Central

    Panayides, Andreas S.; Jossif, Antonis P.; Christoforou, Eftychios G.; Vieyres, Pierre; Novales, Cyril; Voskarides, Sotos; Pattichis, Constantinos S.

    2016-01-01

    This Letter proposes an end-to-end mobile tele-echography platform using a portable robot for remote cardiac ultrasonography. Performance evaluation investigates the capacity of long-term evolution (LTE) wireless networks to facilitate responsive robot tele-manipulation and real-time ultrasound video streaming that qualifies for clinical practice. Within this context, a thorough video coding standards comparison for cardiac ultrasound applications is performed, using a data set of ten ultrasound videos. Both objective and subjective (clinical) video quality assessment demonstrate that H.264/AVC and high efficiency video coding standards can achieve diagnostically-lossless video quality at bitrates well within the LTE supported data rates. Most importantly, reduced latencies experienced throughout the live tele-echography sessions allow the medical expert to remotely operate the robot in a responsive manner, using the wirelessly communicated cardiac ultrasound video to reach a diagnosis. Based on preliminary results documented in this Letter, the proposed robotised tele-echography platform can provide for reliable, remote diagnosis, achieving comparable quality of experience levels with in-hospital ultrasound examinations. PMID:27733929

  15. Experimental research on the relationship between fit accuracy and fracture resistance of zirconia abutments.

    PubMed

    Sui, Xinxin; Wei, Huasha; Wang, Dashan; Han, Yan; Deng, Jing; Wang, Yongliang; Wang, Junjun; Yang, Jianjun

    2014-10-01

    The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between fit accuracy and fracture resistance of zirconia abutments, as well as its feasibility for clinical applications. Twenty self-made zirconia abutments were tested with 30 Osstem GSII implants. First, 10 Osstem GSII implants were cut into two parts along the long axis and assembled with the zirconia abutments. The microgaps between the implants and the zirconia abutments were measured under a scanning electron microscope. Second, the zirconia abutments were assembled with 20 un-cut implants and photographed before and after being fixed with a central screw of 30-Ncm torque. The dental films were measured by Digora for Windows 2.6 software. Then the fracture resistance of zirconia abutments was measured using the universal testing machine at 90°. All results were analyzed using SPSS13.0 software. The average internal-hexagon microgaps between the implants and zirconia abutments were 19.38±1.34μm. The average Morse taper microgap in the implant-abutment interface was 17.55±1.68μm. The dental film showed that the Morse taper gap in the implant-abutment interface disappeared after being fixed with a central screw of 30-Ncm torque, and the average moving distance of the zirconia abutments to the implants was 0.19±0.02mm. The average fracture resistance of zirconia abutments was 282.93±17.28N. The internal-hexagon microgap between the implants and zirconia abutments was negatively related to the fracture resistance of the abutments (r1=-0.97, p<0.01). The Morse taper microgap in the implant-abutment interface was negatively related to the fracture resistance of the abutments (r2=-0.84, p<0.01). The microgap between implant and abutment was negatively related to the fracture resistance of the abutment, while the internal-hexagon microgap has better correlation than the Morse taper microgap. The closure of microgap is helpful to improve the fracture resistance of zirconia abutments. The fracture resistance of zirconia abutments can satisfy the clinical application. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. The sugar code: Why glycans are so important.

    PubMed

    Gabius, Hans-Joachim

    2018-02-01

    The cell surface is the platform for presentation of biochemical signals that are required for intercellular communication. Their profile necessarily needs to be responsive to internal and external factors in a highly dynamic manner. The structural features of the signals must meet the criterion of high-density information coding in a minimum of space. Thus, only biomolecules that can generate many different oligomers ('words') from few building blocks ('letters') qualify to meet this challenge. Examining the respective properties of common biocompounds that form natural oligo- and polymers comparatively, starting with nucleotides and amino acids (the first and second alphabets of life), comes up with sugars as clear frontrunner. The enzymatic machinery for the biosynthesis of sugar chains can indeed link monosaccharides, the letters of the third alphabet of life, in a manner to reach an unsurpassed number of oligomers (complex carbohydrates or glycans). Fittingly, the resulting glycome of a cell can be likened to a fingerprint. Conjugates of glycans with proteins and sphingolipids (glycoproteins and glycolipids) are ubiquitous in Nature. This implies a broad (patho)physiologic significance. By looking at the signals, at the writers and the erasers of this information as well as its readers and ensuing consequences, this review intends to introduce a broad readership to the principles of the concept of the sugar code. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  17. INTERIOR; VIEW OF ENTRY HALL, LOOKING SOUTH. Naval Computer ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    INTERIOR; VIEW OF ENTRY HALL, LOOKING SOUTH. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  18. Two Universal Equations of State for Solids

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, Jiu-Xun; Wu, Qiang; Guo, Yang; Cai, Ling-Cang

    2010-01-01

    In this paper, two equations of state (EOSs) (Sun Jiu-Xun-Morse with parameters n = 3 and 4, designated by SMS3 and SMS4) with two parameters are proposed to satisfy four merits proposed previously and give improved results for the cohesive energy. By applying ten typical EOSs to fit experimental compression data of 50 materials, it is shown that the SMS4 EOS gives the best results; the Baonza and Morse EOSs give the second best results; the SMS3 and modified generalized Lennard-Jones (mGLJ) EOSs give the third best results. However, the Baonza and mGLJ EOSs cannot give physically reasonable values of cohesive energy and P-V curves in the expansion region; the SMS3 and SMS4 EOS give fairly good results, and have some advantages over the Baonza and mGLJ EOSs in practical applications.

  19. On the Use of Quartic Force Fields in Variational Calculations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fortenberry, Ryan C.; Huang, Xinchuan; Yachmenev, Andrey; Thiel, Walter; Lee, Timothy J.

    2013-01-01

    The use of quartic force fields (QFFs) has been shown to be one of the most effective ways to efficiently compute vibrational frequencies for small molecules. In this paper we outline and discuss how the simple-internal or bond-length bond-angle (BLBA) coordinates can be transformed into Morse-cosine(-sine) coordinates which produce potential energy surfaces from QFFs that possess proper limiting behavior and can effectively describe the vibrational (or rovibrational) energy levels of an arbitrary molecular system. We investigate parameter scaling in the Morse coordinate, symmetry considerations, and examples of transformed QFFs making use of the MULTIMODE, TROVE, and VTET variational vibrational methods. Cases are referenced where variational computations coupled with transformed QFFs produce accuracies compared to experiment for fundamental frequencies on the order of 5 cm(exp -1) and often as good as 1 cm(exp -1).

  20. Effects of hydrostatic pressure on the donor impurity in a cylindrical quantum dot with Morse confining potential

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hayrapetyan, David B.; Kotanjyan, Tigran V.; Tevosyan, Hovhannes Kh.; Kazaryan, Eduard M.

    2016-12-01

    The effects of hydrostatic pressure and size quantization on the binding energies of a hydrogen-like donor impurity in cylindrical GaAs quantum dot (QD) with Morse confining potential are studied using the variational method and effective-mass approximation. In the cylindrical QD, the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the binding energy of electron has been investigated and it has been found that the application of the hydrostatic pressure leads to the blue shift. The dependence of the absorption edge on geometrical parameters of cylindrical QD is obtained. Selection rules are revealed for transitions between levels with different quantum numbers. It is shown that for the radial quantum number, transitions are allowed between the levels with the same quantum numbers, and any transitions between different levels are allowed for the principal quantum number.

  1. Stability of gradient semigroups under perturbations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aragão-Costa, E. R.; Caraballo, T.; Carvalho, A. N.; Langa, J. A.

    2011-07-01

    In this paper we prove that gradient-like semigroups (in the sense of Carvalho and Langa (2009 J. Diff. Eqns 246 2646-68)) are gradient semigroups (possess a Lyapunov function). This is primarily done to provide conditions under which gradient semigroups, in a general metric space, are stable under perturbation exploiting the known fact (see Carvalho and Langa (2009 J. Diff. Eqns 246 2646-68)) that gradient-like semigroups are stable under perturbation. The results presented here were motivated by the work carried out in Conley (1978 Isolated Invariant Sets and the Morse Index (CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics vol 38) (RI: American Mathematical Society Providence)) for groups in compact metric spaces (see also Rybakowski (1987 The Homotopy Index and Partial Differential Equations (Universitext) (Berlin: Springer)) for the Morse decomposition of an invariant set for a semigroup on a compact metric space).

  2. Stueckelberg and Molecular Physics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lacki, Jan

    The first period of E. C. G. Stueckelberg's scientific career was marked by important contributions he made to molecular physics.1 After publishing his thesis in 1927 in Basel [1] Stueckelberg joined the prestigious Palmer Physical Laboratory in Princeton where he worked under the guidance of Karl Taylor Compton, brother of Arthur Holly Compton. Stueckelberg owed this position devoted several papers to problems of molecular physics. Stueckelberg had the benefit at Princeton of exchanges with other gifted members of the Palmer Physical Laboratory, Philip M. Morse and E. U. Condon among others.3 to a recommendation by A. Sommerfeld.2 In this stimulating environment, he devoted several papers to problems of molecular physics. Stueckelberg had the benefit at Princeton of exchanges with other gifted members of the Palmer Physical Laboratory, Philip M. Morse and E. U. Condon among others.3

  3. Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Varying Diameter and Connection Type in Implants with High Crown-Implant Ratio.

    PubMed

    Moraes, Sandra Lúcia Dantas de; Verri, Fellippo Ramos; Santiago, Joel Ferreira; Almeida, Daniel Augusto de Faria; Lemos, Cleidiel Aparecido Araujo; Gomes, Jéssica Marcela de Luna; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza

    2018-01-01

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of varying the diameter, connection type and loading on stress distribution in the cortical bone for implants with a high crown-implant ratio. Six 3D models were simulated with the InVesalius, Rhinoceros 3D 4.0 and SolidWorks 2011 software programs. Models were composed of bone from the posterior mandibular region; they included an implant of 8.5 mm length, diameter Ø 3.75 mm or Ø 5.00 mm and connection types such as external hexagon (EH), internal hexagon (IH) and Morse taper (MT). Models were processed using the Femap 11.2 and NeiNastran 11.0 programs and by using an axial force of 200 N and oblique force of 100 N. Results were recorded in terms of the maximum principal stress. Oblique loading showed high stress in the cortical bone compared to that shown by axial loading. The results showed that implants with a wide diameter showed more favorable stress distribution in the cortical bone region than regular diameter, regardless of the connection type. Morse taper implants showed better stress distribution compared to other connection types, especially in the oblique loading. Thus, oblique loading showed higher stress concentration in cortical bone tissue when compared with axial loading. Wide diameter implant was favorable for improved stress distribution in the cortical bone region, while Morse taper implants showed lower stress concentration than other connections.

  4. The effect of repeated torque tightening on total lengths of implant abutments in different internal implant‒abutment connections.

    PubMed

    Saleh Saber, Fariba; Abolfazli, Nader; Jannatii Ataei, Soheil; Taghizade Motlagh, Mahsa; Gharekhani, Vahede

    2017-01-01

    Background. Since the misfit of crown has an important role in clinical performance of implant-supported prostheses, and due to the impact of the settling effect on misfit, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of torque forces on the total lengths of narrow and short implant abutments in different internal implant‒abutment connections. Methods. In four different implant‒abutment connections, 8 analog implants with a normal diameter (4 mm) and narrow abutment (4.5 mm) were selected from groups of internal hex, internal octagon, morse hex 6° and morse hex 11°. Each of them was mounted within plaster type IV, and 32 samples were obtained. Then, the amount of vertical displacement was measured by closing the impression copings and applying torques of 20 25 and 30 Ncm. This stage was repeated for the abutment. In the next stage, the resin pattern was built and measurements were performed after applying the torques mentioned. Finally, after making the frame, this stage was repeated, and the settling effect was statistically analyzed with ANOVA. Results. In the stages of impression coping, resin pattern and final prosthesis, HEXAGONE had significantly the highest and OCTAGONE had the lowest rates of settling, and the settling of morse hex 11° and 6° was between them. Conclusion. Octagon implant had significantly the lowest settling in various clinical and laboratory stages by applying different torques.

  5. The effect of repeated torque tightening on total lengths of implant abutments in different internal implant‒abutment connections

    PubMed Central

    Saleh Saber, Fariba; Abolfazli, Nader; Jannatii Ataei, Soheil; Taghizade Motlagh, Mahsa; Gharekhani, Vahede

    2017-01-01

    Background. Since the misfit of crown has an important role in clinical performance of implant-supported prostheses, and due to the impact of the settling effect on misfit, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of torque forces on the total lengths of narrow and short implant abutments in different internal implant‒abutment connections. Methods. In four different implant‒abutment connections, 8 analog implants with a normal diameter (4 mm) and narrow abutment (4.5 mm) were selected from groups of internal hex, internal octagon, morse hex 6° and morse hex 11°. Each of them was mounted within plaster type IV, and 32 samples were obtained. Then, the amount of vertical displacement was measured by closing the impression copings and applying torques of 20 25 and 30 Ncm. This stage was repeated for the abutment. In the next stage, the resin pattern was built and measurements were performed after applying the torques mentioned. Finally, after making the frame, this stage was repeated, and the settling effect was statistically analyzed with ANOVA. Results. In the stages of impression coping, resin pattern and final prosthesis, HEXAGONE had significantly the highest and OCTAGONE had the lowest rates of settling, and the settling of morse hex 11° and 6° was between them. Conclusion. Octagon implant had significantly the lowest settling in various clinical and laboratory stages by applying different torques. PMID:28748052

  6. Viewing hybrid systems as products of control systems and automata

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Grossman, R. L.; Larson, R. G.

    1992-01-01

    The purpose of this note is to show how hybrid systems may be modeled as products of nonlinear control systems and finite state automata. By a hybrid system, we mean a network of consisting of continuous, nonlinear control system connected to discrete, finite state automata. Our point of view is that the automata switches between the control systems, and that this switching is a function of the discrete input symbols or letters that it receives. We show how a nonlinear control system may be viewed as a pair consisting of a bialgebra of operators coding the dynamics, and an algebra of observations coding the state space. We also show that a finite automata has a similar representation. A hybrid system is then modeled by taking suitable products of the bialgebras coding the dynamics and the observation algebras coding the state spaces.

  7. 50 CFR 23.74 - How can I trade internationally in personal sport-hunted trophies?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... certificate must contain all the information that is given on the tag. (2) African elephant (Loxodonta... sport-hunted trophies of African elephant. The trophy ivory must be legibly marked by means of punch... corresponding two-letter ISO country code; the last two digits of the year in which the elephant was harvested...

  8. 40 CFR Appendix Xi to Part 86 - Sampling Plans for Selective Enforcement Auditing of Light-Duty Vehicles

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sampling Plans for Selective Enforcement Auditing of Light-Duty Vehicles XI Appendix XI to Part 86 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... Enforcement Auditing of Light-Duty Vehicles 40% AQL Table 1—Sampling Plan Code Letter Annual sales of...

  9. 76 FR 52259 - Interest and Penalty Suspension Provisions Under Section 6404(g) of the Internal Revenue Code

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-22

    ... principal author of these regulations is Nathan Rosen of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure... with a 30-day letter that proposes to disallow the charitable contribution deduction resulting in a... contribution was paid during the tax year. Therefore, this deduction is not allowable.'' The information in the...

  10. 40 CFR 147.2551 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr..., “Re: Application for Primacy in the Regulation of Class II Injection Wells,” March 8, 1982; (5) Letter from State Oil and Gas Supervisor, Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, to EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  11. 40 CFR 147.2551 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr..., “Re: Application for Primacy in the Regulation of Class II Injection Wells,” March 8, 1982; (5) Letter from State Oil and Gas Supervisor, Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, to EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  12. 40 CFR 147.2551 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr..., “Re: Application for Primacy in the Regulation of Class II Injection Wells,” March 8, 1982; (5) Letter from State Oil and Gas Supervisor, Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, to EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  13. 40 CFR 147.2551 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr..., “Re: Application for Primacy in the Regulation of Class II Injection Wells,” March 8, 1982; (5) Letter from State Oil and Gas Supervisor, Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, to EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  14. 40 CFR 147.2551 - State-administered program-Class II wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr..., “Re: Application for Primacy in the Regulation of Class II Injection Wells,” March 8, 1982; (5) Letter from State Oil and Gas Supervisor, Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, to EPA Region VIII, “Re...

  15. Nudging guideline-concordant antibiotic prescribing: a randomized clinical trial.

    PubMed

    Meeker, Daniella; Knight, Tara K; Friedberg, Mark W; Linder, Jeffrey A; Goldstein, Noah J; Fox, Craig R; Rothfeld, Alan; Diaz, Guillermo; Doctor, Jason N

    2014-03-01

    "Nudges" that influence decision making through subtle cognitive mechanisms have been shown to be highly effective in a wide range of applications, but there have been few experiments to improve clinical practice. To investigate the use of a behavioral "nudge" based on the principle of public commitment in encouraging the judicious use of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Randomized clinical trial in 5 outpatient primary care clinics. A total of 954 adults had ARI visits during the study timeframe: 449 patients were treated by clinicians randomized to the posted commitment letter (335 in the baseline period, 114 in the intervention period); 505 patients were treated by clinicians randomized to standard practice control (384 baseline, 121 intervention). The intervention consisted of displaying poster-sized commitment letters in examination rooms for 12 weeks. These letters, featuring clinician photographs and signatures, stated their commitment to avoid inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs. Antibiotic prescribing rates for antibiotic-inappropriate ARI diagnoses in baseline and intervention periods, adjusted for patient age, sex, and insurance status. Baseline rates were 43.5% and 42.8% for control and poster, respectively. During the intervention period, inappropriate prescribing rates increased to 52.7% for controls but decreased to 33.7% in the posted commitment letter condition. Controlling for baseline prescribing rates, we found that the posted commitment letter resulted in a 19.7 absolute percentage reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescribing rate relative to control (P = .02). There was no evidence of diagnostic coding shift, and rates of appropriate antibiotic prescriptions did not diminish over time. Displaying poster-sized commitment letters in examination rooms decreased inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs. The effect of this simple, low-cost intervention is comparable in magnitude to costlier, more intensive quality-improvement efforts. clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01767064.

  16. VIEW OF NORTH ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING SOUTHEAST. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    VIEW OF NORTH ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING SOUTHEAST. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  17. INTERIOR; VIEW OF FRONT LANAI (PORCH), LOOKING SOUTH SOUTHEAST. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    INTERIOR; VIEW OF FRONT LANAI (PORCH), LOOKING SOUTH SOUTHEAST. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  18. Known-plaintext attack on a joint transform correlator encrypting system.

    PubMed

    Barrera, John Fredy; Vargas, Carlos; Tebaldi, Myrian; Torroba, Roberto; Bolognini, Nestor

    2010-11-01

    We demonstrate in this Letter that a joint transform correlator shows vulnerability to known-plaintext attacks. An unauthorized user, who intercepts both an object and its encrypted version, can obtain the security key code mask. In this contribution, we conduct a hybrid heuristic attack scheme merge to a Gerchberg-Saxton routine to estimate the encrypting key to decode different ciphertexts encrypted with that same key. We also analyze the success of this attack for different pairs of plaintext-ciphertext used to get the encrypting code. We present simulation results for the decrypting procedure to demonstrate the validity of our analysis.

  19. A symmetry model for genetic coding via a wallpaper group composed of the traditional four bases and an imaginary base E: towards category theory-like systematization of molecular/genetic biology.

    PubMed

    Sawamura, Jitsuki; Morishita, Shigeru; Ishigooka, Jun

    2014-05-07

    Previously, we suggested prototypal models that describe some clinical states based on group postulates. Here, we demonstrate a group/category theory-like model for molecular/genetic biology as an alternative application of our previous model. Specifically, we focus on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base sequences. We construct a wallpaper pattern based on a five-letter cruciform motif with letters C, A, T, G, and E. Whereas the first four letters represent the standard DNA bases, the fifth is introduced for ease in formulating group operations that reproduce insertions and deletions of DNA base sequences. A basic group Z5 = {r, u, d, l, n} of operations is defined for the wallpaper pattern, with which a sequence of points can be generated corresponding to changes of a base in a DNA sequence by following the orbit of a point of the pattern under operations in group Z5. Other manipulations of DNA sequence can be treated using a vector-like notation 'Dj' corresponding to a DNA sequence but based on the five-letter base set; also, 'Dj's are expressed graphically. Insertions and deletions of a series of letters 'E' are admitted to assist in describing DNA recombination. Likewise, a vector-like notation Rj can be constructed for sequences of ribonucleic acid (RNA). The wallpaper group B = {Z5×∞, ●} (an ∞-fold Cartesian product of Z5) acts on Dj (or Rj) yielding changes to Dj (or Rj) denoted by 'Dj◦B(j→k) = Dk' (or 'Rj◦B(j→k) = Rk'). Based on the operations of this group, two types of groups-a modulo 5 linear group and a rotational group over the Gaussian plane, acting on the five bases-are linked as parts of the wallpaper group for broader applications. As a result, changes, insertions/deletions and DNA (RNA) recombination (partial/total conversion) are described. As an exploratory study, a notation for the canonical "central dogma" via a category theory-like way is presented for future developments. Despite the large incompleteness of our methodology, there is fertile ground to consider a symmetry model for genetic coding based on our specific wallpaper group. A more integrated formulation containing "central dogma" for future molecular/genetic biology remains to be explored.

  20. VIEW OF SOUTH ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTH NORTHWEST. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    VIEW OF SOUTH ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTH NORTHWEST. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  1. INTERIOR; VIEW OF ROOM IN SOUTHWEST CORNER OF BUILDING, LOOKING ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    INTERIOR; VIEW OF ROOM IN SOUTHWEST CORNER OF BUILDING, LOOKING SOUTH. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  2. OBLIQUE VIEW OF REAR ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING WEST ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    OBLIQUE VIEW OF REAR ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING WEST NORTHWEST. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  3. OBLIQUE VIEW OF FRONT ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTH. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    OBLIQUE VIEW OF FRONT ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTH. - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  4. Coherent vibrational climbing in carboxyhemoglobin

    PubMed Central

    Ventalon, Cathie; Fraser, James M.; Vos, Marten H.; Alexandrou, Antigoni; Martin, Jean-Louis; Joffre, Manuel

    2004-01-01

    We demonstrate vibrational climbing in the CO stretch of carboxyhemoglobin pumped by midinfrared chirped ultrashort pulses. By use of spectrally resolved pump-probe measurements, we directly observed the induced absorption lines caused by excited vibrational populations up to v = 6. In some cases, we also observed stimulated emission, providing direct evidence of vibrational population inversion. This study provides important spectroscopic parameters on the CO stretch in the strong-field regime, such as transition frequencies and dephasing times up to the v = 6to v = 7 vibrational transition. We measured equally spaced vibrational transitions, in agreement with the energy levels of a Morse potential up to v = 6. It is interesting that the integral of the differential absorption spectra was observed to deviate far from zero, in contrast to what one would expect from a simple one-dimensional Morse model assuming a linear dependence of dipole moment with bond length. PMID:15319472

  5. Some Properties of Topological Geons

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bugajska, Krystyna

    1987-07-01

    We investigate the Finkelstein-Misner geons for a non-simply-connected space-time manifold ( M, g 0). We use relations between different Lorentzian structures unequivalent to g 0 and topological properties of M given by the Morse theory. It implies that to some pieces of geons we have to associate Wheeler's “worm-holes.” Geons that correspond to time-orientable Lorentz structures are related to g 0 by Morse functions that describe the attaching of a handle of index one. In the case of geons associated to time-nonorientable Lorentzian structures, appropriate handles are related to loops along which the notion of time reverses. If we assume electromagnetic properties of geons, then only four species, “ v”, “ e”, “ p”, “ m”, of different geons can exist and geon “ m” has to decay according to “ m”→“ v”+“ p”+“ e”.

  6. Validation of Predictors of Fall Events in Hospitalized Patients With Cancer.

    PubMed

    Weed-Pfaff, Samantha H; Nutter, Benjamin; Bena, James F; Forney, Jennifer; Field, Rosemary; Szoka, Lynn; Karius, Diana; Akins, Patti; Colvin, Christina M; Albert, Nancy M

    2016-10-01

    A seven-item cancer-specific fall risk tool (Cleveland Clinic Capone-Albert [CC-CA] Fall Risk Score) was shown to have a strong concordance index for predicting falls; however, validation of the model is needed. The aims of this study were to validate that the CC-CA Fall Risk Score, made up of six factors, predicts falls in patients with cancer and to determine if the CC-CA Fall Risk Score performs better than the Morse Fall Tool. Using a prospective, comparative methodology, data were collected from electronic health records of patients hospitalized for cancer care in four hospitals. Risk factors from each tool were recorded, when applicable. Multivariable models were created to predict the probability of a fall. A concordance index for each fall tool was calculated. The CC-CA Fall Risk Score provided higher discrimination than the Morse Fall Tool in predicting fall events in patients hospitalized for cancer management.

  7. Numerical solutions of anharmonic vibration of BaO and SrO molecules

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pramudito, Sidikrubadi; Sanjaya, Nugraha Wanda; Sumaryada, Tony, E-mail: tsumaryada@ipb.ac.id

    2016-03-11

    The Morse potential is a potential model that is used to describe the anharmonic behavior of molecular vibration between atoms. The BaO and SrO molecules, which are two almost similar diatomic molecules, were investigated in this research. Some of their properties like the value of the dissociation energy, the energy eigenvalues of each energy level, and the profile of the wavefunctions in their correspondence vibrational states were presented in this paper. Calculation of the energy eigenvalues and plotting the wave function’s profiles were performed using Numerov method combined with the shooting method. In general we concluded that the Morse potentialmore » solved with numerical methods could accurately produce the vibrational properties and the wavefunction behavior of BaO and SrO molecules from the ground state to the higher states close to the dissociation level.« less

  8. Characterization of Transient Plasma Ignition Flame Kernel Growth for Varying Inlet Conditions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-12-01

    unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE A 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) Pulse detonation engines ( PDEs ) have the...Instruments NPS - Naval Postgraduate School PDC - Pulse Detonation Combustor PDE - Pulse Detonation Engine Phi The Greek letter Φ PSIA...produced little to no new chemical propulsion developments; only improvements to existing architectures. The Pulse Detonation Engine ( PDE ) is a

  9. Tableau de Bord, 1996. Follow-up to the Conclusions of the Essen European Council on Employment Policies.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Commission of the European Communities, Brussels (Belgium).

    This document presents an overview of the principal labor market measures taken by the 15 member states of the European Union since the publication of the 1995 overview. In each section, individual countries' actions are discussed separately, with code letters indicating the country name. The following topics are among those discussed in the…

  10. 78 FR 35653 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Withdrawal of Proposed Rule...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-06-13

    ...\\ See Letter from Stephen Matthews, Senior Associate General Counsel, NASDAQ OMX, dated Jan. 15, 2013... from Jeffrey S. Davis, Vice President and Deputy General Counsel, NASDAQ OMX, dated Feb. 27, 2013. \\10.... O'Neill, Deputy Secretary. [FR Doc. 2013-13999 Filed 6-12-13; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 8011-01-P ...

  11. [Respect of patient's dignity in the hospital].

    PubMed

    Duguet, A-M

    2010-12-01

    Every code of ethics of health professionals in France considers the respect of dignity as a fundamental duty. The French 2002 Law on patient rights says that the person has the right to respect of dignity and of private life. After a presentation of the articles of ethics codes regarding dignity, this paper presents recommendations to deliver medical care in situations where dignity might be endangered such as for patients hospitalized in psychiatric services without consent, or for medical examination of prisoners or medical care to vulnerable patients unable to express their will, especially in palliative care or at the end of life. Respect of dignity after death is illustrated by the reflection conducted by the Espace Ethique de l'AP-HP (Paris area hospitals) and in the Chart of the mortuary yard. A survey of the patients' letters of complaint received by the emergency service of the Toulouse University Hospital showed that, in five years, there were 188 letters and 18 pointed out infringements to the dignity of the person. The health professional team is now aware of this obligation, and in the accreditation of the hospitals, the respect of dignity is one of the indicators of the quality of medical care.

  12. Encephalolexianalyzer

    DOEpatents

    Altschuler, E.L.; Dowla, F.U.

    1998-11-24

    The encephalolexianalyzer uses digital signal processing techniques on electroencephalograph (EEG) brain waves to determine whether or not someone is thinking about moving, e.g., tapping their fingers, or, alternatively, whether someone is actually moving, e.g., tapping their fingers, or at rest, i.e., not moving and not thinking of moving. The mu waves measured by a pair of electrodes placed over the motor cortex are signal processed to determine the power spectrum. At rest, the peak value of the power spectrum in the 8-13 Hz range is high, while when moving or thinking of moving, the peak value of the power spectrum in the 8-13 Hz range is low. This measured change in signal power spectrum is used to produce a control signal. The encephalolexianalyzer can be used to communicate either directly using Morse code, or via a cursor controlling a remote control; the encephalolexianalyzer can also be used to control other devices. The encephalolexianalyzer will be of great benefit to people with various handicaps and disabilities, and also has enormous commercial potential, as well as being an invaluable tool for studying the brain. 14 figs.

  13. Encephalolexianalyzer

    DOEpatents

    Altschuler, Eric L.; Dowla, Farid U.

    1998-01-01

    The encephalolexianalyzer uses digital signal processing techniques on electroencephalograph (EEG) brain waves to determine whether or not someone is thinking about moving, e.g., tapping their fingers, or, alternatively, whether someone is actually moving, e.g., tapping their fingers, or at rest, i.e., not moving and not thinking of moving. The mu waves measured by a pair of electrodes placed over the motor cortex are signal processed to determine the power spectrum. At rest, the peak value of the power spectrum in the 8-13 Hz range is high, while when moving or thinking of moving, the peak value of the power spectrum in the 8-13 Hz range is low. This measured change in signal power spectrum is used to produce a control signal. The encephalolexianalyzer can be used to communicate either directly using Morse code, or via a cursor controlling a remote control; the encephalolexianalyzer can also be used to control other devices. The encephalolexianalyzer will be of great benefit to people with various handicaps and disabilities, and also has enormous commercial potential, as well as being an invaluable tool for studying the brain.

  14. Masked priming effects are modulated by expertise in the script.

    PubMed

    Perea, Manuel; Abu Mallouh, Reem; Garcı A-Orza, Javier; Carreiras, Manuel

    2011-05-01

    In a recent study using a masked priming same-different matching task, Garcı´a-Orza, Perea, and Munoz (2010) found a transposition priming effect for letter strings, digit strings, and symbol strings, but not for strings of pseudoletters (i.e., EPRI-ERPI produced similar response times to the control pair EDBI-ERPI). They argued that the mechanism responsible for position coding in masked priming is not operative with those "objects" whose identity cannot be attained rapidly. To assess this hypothesis, Experiment 1 examined masked priming effects in Arabic for native speakers of Arabic, whereas participants in Experiments 2 and 3 were lower intermediate learners of Arabic and readers with no knowledge of Arabic, respectively. Results showed a masked priming effect only for readers who are familiar with the Arabic script. Furthermore, transposed-letter priming in native speakers of Arabic only occurred when the order of the root letters was kept intact. In Experiments 3-7, we examined why masked repetition priming is absent for readers who are unfamiliar with the Arabic script. We discuss the implications of these findings for models of visual-word recognition.

  15. 12. Credit WS. Basement of Mill, showing wooden flywheels to ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    12. Credit WS. Basement of Mill, showing wooden flywheels to water wheel and Fairbanks. Morse 20 hp, 350 rpm diesel engine, patented April 20, 1920. - Bunker Hill Mill, County Route 26, Bunker Hill, Berkeley County, WV

  16. VIEW OF PARTIAL FRONT ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTHEAST ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    VIEW OF PARTIAL FRONT ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTHEAST (with scale stick) - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  17. VIEW OF PARTIAL FRONT ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTHEAST ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    VIEW OF PARTIAL FRONT ELEVATION OF MARINE BARRACKS, LOOKING NORTHEAST (without scale stick). - Naval Computer & Telecommunications Area Master Station, Eastern Pacific, Radio Transmitter Facility Lualualei, Marine Barracks, Intersection of Tower Drive & Morse Street, Makaha, Honolulu County, HI

  18. A Chemical Alphabet for Macromolecular Communications.

    PubMed

    Giannoukos, Stamatios; McGuiness, Daniel Tunç; Marshall, Alan; Smith, Jeremy; Taylor, Stephen

    2018-06-08

    Molecular communications in macroscale environments is an emerging field of study driven by the intriguing prospect of sending coded information over olfactory networks. For the first time, this article reports two signal modulation techniques (on-off keying-OOK, and concentration shift keying-CSK) which have been used to encode and transmit digital information using odors over distances of 1-4 m. Molecular transmission of digital data was experimentally investigated for the letter "r" with a binary value of 01110010 (ASCII) for a gas stream network channel (up to 4 m) using mass spectrometry (MS) as the main detection-decoding system. The generation and modulation of the chemical signals was achieved using an automated odor emitter (OE) which is based on the controlled evaporation of a chemical analyte and its diffusion into a carrier gas stream. The chemical signals produced propagate within a confined channel to reach the demodulator-MS. Experiments were undertaken for a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with different diffusion coefficient values in air at ambient conditions. Representative compounds investigated include acetone, cyclopentane, and n-hexane. For the first time, the binary code ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is combined with chemical signaling to generate a molecular representation of the English alphabet. Transmission experiments of fixed-width molecular signals corresponding to letters of the alphabet over varying distances are shown. A binary message corresponding to the word "ion" was synthesized using chemical signals and transmitted within a physical channel over a distance of 2 m.

  19. Clique-Based Neural Associative Memories with Local Coding and Precoding.

    PubMed

    Mofrad, Asieh Abolpour; Parker, Matthew G; Ferdosi, Zahra; Tadayon, Mohammad H

    2016-08-01

    Techniques from coding theory are able to improve the efficiency of neuroinspired and neural associative memories by forcing some construction and constraints on the network. In this letter, the approach is to embed coding techniques into neural associative memory in order to increase their performance in the presence of partial erasures. The motivation comes from recent work by Gripon, Berrou, and coauthors, which revisited Willshaw networks and presented a neural network with interacting neurons that partitioned into clusters. The model introduced stores patterns as small-size cliques that can be retrieved in spite of partial error. We focus on improving the success of retrieval by applying two techniques: doing a local coding in each cluster and then applying a precoding step. We use a slightly different decoding scheme, which is appropriate for partial erasures and converges faster. Although the ideas of local coding and precoding are not new, the way we apply them is different. Simulations show an increase in the pattern retrieval capacity for both techniques. Moreover, we use self-dual additive codes over field [Formula: see text], which have very interesting properties and a simple-graph representation.

  20. Metric Development for Continuous Process Improvement

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-03-01

    observable ( Cropley , 1998). All measurement is done within a context (Morse, 2003), which is shaped by a purpose, existing knowledge, capabilities, and...performance: metrics for entrepreneurship and strategic management research. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2006. Print. 9. Cropley , D. H., “Towards

  1. Design for minimum energy in interstellar communication

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Messerschmitt, David G.

    2015-02-01

    Microwave digital communication at interstellar distances is the foundation of extraterrestrial civilization (SETI and METI) communication of information-bearing signals. Large distances demand large transmitted power and/or large antennas, while the propagation is transparent over a wide bandwidth. Recognizing a fundamental tradeoff, reduced energy delivered to the receiver at the expense of wide bandwidth (the opposite of terrestrial objectives) is advantageous. Wide bandwidth also results in simpler design and implementation, allowing circumvention of dispersion and scattering arising in the interstellar medium and motion effects and obviating any related processing. The minimum energy delivered to the receiver per bit of information is determined by cosmic microwave background alone. By mapping a single bit onto a carrier burst, the Morse code invented for the telegraph in 1836 comes closer to this minimum energy than approaches used in modern terrestrial radio. Rather than the terrestrial approach of adding phases and amplitudes increases information capacity while minimizing bandwidth, adding multiple time-frequency locations for carrier bursts increases capacity while minimizing energy per information bit. The resulting location code is simple and yet can approach the minimum energy as bandwidth is expanded. It is consistent with easy discovery, since carrier bursts are energetic and straightforward modifications to post-detection pattern recognition can identify burst patterns. Time and frequency coherence constraints leading to simple signal discovery are addressed, and observations of the interstellar medium by transmitter and receiver constrain the burst parameters and limit the search scope.

  2. BSPS Program (ESI-Mass Spectrometry) Biological Sample Data Analysis; Disruption of Bacteria Spores

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-10-01

    the original usage of the translational as a broad description of the entire process by which the polymer of the three-letter code in the mRNA is...translated. There is extensive review of post transnational modifications of proteins by Finn Wold(1981)24, given as in vivo chemical modifications... thiolation , biotin, bromination, carbamylation, deamidation, methylation, glu- cosylation, lipoyl, phosphorylation,, pyridoxal phosphate

  3. The Windy Island Soliton Experiment (WISE): Shallow Water and Basin Experiment Configuration and Preliminary Observations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-02-19

    Virginia 22203-1995 The Windy Island Soliton Experiment (WISE): Shallow Water and Basin Experiment Configuration and Preliminary Observations...case letters) The Windy Island Soliton Experiment (WISE): Shallow water and Basin Experiment Configuration and Preliminary Observations 5. FUNDING...release; distribution is unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) The Windy Islands Soliton Experiment (WISE) was

  4. Color-Coded Vowels and Spelling with Visual Cues in Beginning Reading.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Turner, Ann Coffeen

    Twenty-four beginning readers participated in a study of the effectiveness of cued learning. The study was carried out in two phases--a letter-learning phase and a word-learning phase. The children were taught one at a time by the same teacher over a four-year period. During the word-learning phase, one fourth of the children used a vowels-only…

  5. UTILIZATION OF TREATABILITY AND PILOT TESTS TO PREDICT CAH BIOREMEDIATION

    EPA Science Inventory

    Multiple tools have been suggested to help in the design of enhanced anaerobic bioremediation systems for CAHs:
    - Extensive high quality microcosm testing followed by small-scale, thoroughly observed field pilot tests (i.e., RABITT Protocol, Morse 1998)
    - More limited ...

  6. Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Opportunities for Civil Works Projects Unique to the US Army Corps of Engineers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-10-26

    3600 hp diesel engine .................................................................................. 24 20 Diesel engine turbocharger ...ERDC/CERL TR-12-19 24 Figure 19. Fairbanks Morse 3600 hp diesel engine. Figure 20. Diesel engine turbocharger . Table 7. Energy consuming

  7. 65. FORWARD EMERGENCY DIESEL GENERATOR SET AFT LOOKING FORWARD ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    65. FORWARD EMERGENCY DIESEL GENERATOR SET - AFT LOOKING FORWARD SHOWING TOP HALF OF FAIRBANKS MORSE 36D81/8 TEN CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE SERIAL #951230 AND EXHAUST SYSTEM. - U.S.S. HORNET, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Sinclair Inlet, Bremerton, Kitsap County, WA

  8. Nudging Guideline-Concordant Antibiotic Prescribing

    PubMed Central

    Meeker, Daniella; Knight, Tara K.; Friedberg, Mark W.; Linder, Jeffrey A.; Goldstein, Noah J.; Fox, Craig R.; Rothfeld, Alan; Diaz, Guillermo; Doctor, Jason N.

    2015-01-01

    IMPORTANCE “Nudges” that influence decision making through subtle cognitive mechanisms have been shown to be highly effective in a wide range of applications, but there have been few experiments to improve clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of a behavioral “nudge” based on the principle of public commitment in encouraging the judicious use of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections (ARIs). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized clinical trial in 5 outpatient primary care clinics. A total of 954 adults had ARI visits during the study timeframe: 449 patients were treated by clinicians randomized to the posted commitment letter (335 in the baseline period, 114 in the intervention period); 505 patients were treated by clinicians randomized to standard practice control (384 baseline, 121 intervention). INTERVENTIONS The intervention consisted of displaying poster-sized commitment letters in examination rooms for 12 weeks. These letters, featuring clinician photographs and signatures, stated their commitment to avoid inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Antibiotic prescribing rates for antibiotic-inappropriate ARI diagnoses in baseline and intervention periods, adjusted for patient age, sex, and insurance status. RESULTS Baseline rates were 43.5% and 42.8% for control and poster, respectively. During the intervention period, inappropriate prescribing rates increased to 52.7% for controls but decreased to 33.7% in the posted commitment letter condition. Controlling for baseline prescribing rates, we found that the posted commitment letter resulted in a 19.7 absolute percentage reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescribing rate relative to control (P = .02). There was no evidence of diagnostic coding shift, and rates of appropriate antibiotic prescriptions did not diminish over time. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Displaying poster-sized commitment letters in examination rooms decreased inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs. The effect of this simple, low-cost intervention is comparable in magnitude to costlier, more intensive quality-improvement efforts. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01767064 PMID:24474434

  9. The Survival of Morse Cone-Connection Implants with Platform Switch.

    PubMed

    Cassetta, Michele; Di Mambro, Alfonso; Giansanti, Matteo; Brandetti, Giulia

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the survival up to 5 years of Morse cone-connection implants with platform switch considering the influence of biologically relevant, anatomical, and stress-related variables. STROBE guidelines were followed. Seven hundred forty-eight implants were inserted in 350 patients. Follow-up visits were scheduled at the time of stagetwo surgery (2 months later) and at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 60 months. All implants were initially loaded with a cemented provisional acrylic restoration. The definitive metal-ceramic restorations were cemented at the 6-month follow-up. Implant cumulative survival rates (CSRs) were calculated using life table actuarial method. Survival data were also analyzed by the log-rank test and Cox regression. The statistical analysis was conducted at the patient level. P ≤ .05 was considered as an indicator of statistical significance. During the follow-up (mean: 40 months; SD: 20.27), 28 patients were considered failed (8%). The CSR and its standard error (SE) was 92% ± 2.17%. Patients with implant-supported single crowns had a CSR of 90%, whereas those with implant-supported fixed dental prostheses had a CSR of 93%. The implant diameter (P = .0399) and implant length (P = .0441) were statistically significant. The probability of failure was almost 75% lower for patients with wide rather than standard implants, 91% lower for patients with long implants, and 69% lower for patients with standard implants compared with short implants. The use of Morse cone-connection implants with platform switch is a safe and reliable treatment method. Stress-related variables influence the risk of failure confirming the importance of biomechanical factors in the longevity of osseointegrated implants; thus, the clinician may obtain better results if attention is paid to these factors.

  10. Pseudopotential theoretical study of the alkali metals under arbitrary pressure: Density, bulk modulus, and shear moduli

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rasky, Daniel J.; Milstein, Frederick

    1986-02-01

    Milstein and Hill previously derived formulas for computing the bulk and shear moduli, κ, μ, and μ', at arbitrary pressures, for cubic crystals in which interatomic interaction energies are modeled by pairwise functions, and they carried out the moduli computations using the complete family of Morse functions. The present study extends their work to a pseudopotential description of atomic binding. Specifically: (1) General formulas are derived for determining these moduli under hydrostatic loading within the framework of a pseudopotential model. (2) A two-parameter pseudopotential model is used to describe atomic binding of the alkali metals, and the two parameters are determined from experimental data (the model employs the Heine-Abarenkov potential with the Taylor dielectric function). (3) For each alkali metal (Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs), the model is used to compute the pressure-versus-volume behavior and, at zero pressure, the binding energy, the density, and the elastic moduli and their pressure derivatives; the theoretical behavior is found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. (4) Calculations are made of κ, μ, and μ' of the bcc alkali metals over wide ranges of hydrostatic compression and expansion. (5) The pseudopotential results are compared with those of arbitrary-central-force models (wherein κ-(2/3)μ=μ'+2P) and with the specific Morse-function results. The pressures, bulk moduli, and zero-pressure shear moduli (as determined for the Morse and pseudopotential models) are in excellent agreement, but important differences appear in the shear moduli under high compressions. The computations in the present paper are for the bcc metals; a subsequent paper will extend this work to include both the bcc and fcc structures, at compressions and expansions where elastic stability or lattice cohesion is, in practice, lost.

  11. Localization of tumors in various organs, using edge detection algorithms

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    López Vélez, Felipe

    2015-09-01

    The edge of an image is a set of points organized in a curved line, where in each of these points the brightness of the image changes abruptly, or has discontinuities, in order to find these edges there will be five different mathematical methods to be used and later on compared with its peers, this is with the aim of finding which of the methods is the one that can find the edges of any given image. In this paper these five methods will be used for medical purposes in order to find which one is capable of finding the edges of a scanned image more accurately than the others. The problem consists in analyzing the following two biomedicals images. One of them represents a brain tumor and the other one a liver tumor. These images will be analyzed with the help of the five methods described and the results will be compared in order to determine the best method to be used. It was decided to use different algorithms of edge detection in order to obtain the results shown below; Bessel algorithm, Morse algorithm, Hermite algorithm, Weibull algorithm and Sobel algorithm. After analyzing the appliance of each of the methods to both images it's impossible to determine the most accurate method for tumor detection due to the fact that in each case the best method changed, i.e., for the brain tumor image it can be noticed that the Morse method was the best at finding the edges of the image but for the liver tumor image it was the Hermite method. Making further observations it is found that Hermite and Morse have for these two cases the lowest standard deviations, concluding that these two are the most accurate method to find the edges in analysis of biomedical images.

  12. A randomized trial to evaluate the use of text messaging, letter and telephone call reminders to improve return of blood donors with reactive serologic tests

    PubMed Central

    Porto-Ferreira, Francisco Augusto; de Almeida-Neto, Cesar; Murphy, Edward L.; de Camargo Montebello, Sandra; Nogueira, Fátima Aparecida Hangai; Koga da Silva, Edina Mariko; MacFarland, William; Custer, Brian

    2016-01-01

    Introduction Low return rates for notification and counseling among donors with reactive serologic screening tests have been reported worldwide. A randomized trial to test the effectiveness of text message, letter or telephone call reminders to improve return among non-responding first-time blood donors with reactive serologic tests was conducted. Methods Donors with serologically reactive screening test results who had a cell phone and resided in the metropolitan telephone area code of São Paulo in the period from August 2013 through July 2014 were eligible. A consecutive sample of first-time donors with reactive screening tests who had not responded to a standard letter requesting the donor return to the blood center were randomly assigned to receive a text, a new letter or a telephone call requesting return for notification and counseling. Return rates were measured over the subsequent 30 days. Results Return following a phone call reminder was better than a text message (39.8% vs. 28.4%; OR=1.66; 95%CI 1.05–2.64) but not better than a letter (39.8% vs. 34.4%; OR=1.32; 95%CI 0.83–2.12). Older age was a predictor of higher rate of return with each year increase in age associated with a 2% increase in the odds of return (OR=1.02; 95%CI 1.01–1.04). Conclusion In non-responding serologic reactive donors, telephone call led to a higher return rate than text message. The results of this study suggest that use of text messages, while attractive for its simplicity, will not lead to increased donor notification success following serologically reactive marker results from blood donation in Brazil. PMID:27774609

  13. A symmetry model for genetic coding via a wallpaper group composed of the traditional four bases and an imaginary base E: Towards category theory-like systematization of molecular/genetic biology

    PubMed Central

    2014-01-01

    Background Previously, we suggested prototypal models that describe some clinical states based on group postulates. Here, we demonstrate a group/category theory-like model for molecular/genetic biology as an alternative application of our previous model. Specifically, we focus on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base sequences. Results We construct a wallpaper pattern based on a five-letter cruciform motif with letters C, A, T, G, and E. Whereas the first four letters represent the standard DNA bases, the fifth is introduced for ease in formulating group operations that reproduce insertions and deletions of DNA base sequences. A basic group Z5 = {r, u, d, l, n} of operations is defined for the wallpaper pattern, with which a sequence of points can be generated corresponding to changes of a base in a DNA sequence by following the orbit of a point of the pattern under operations in group Z5. Other manipulations of DNA sequence can be treated using a vector-like notation ‘Dj’ corresponding to a DNA sequence but based on the five-letter base set; also, ‘Dj’s are expressed graphically. Insertions and deletions of a series of letters ‘E’ are admitted to assist in describing DNA recombination. Likewise, a vector-like notation Rj can be constructed for sequences of ribonucleic acid (RNA). The wallpaper group B = {Z5×∞, ●} (an ∞-fold Cartesian product of Z5) acts on Dj (or Rj) yielding changes to Dj (or Rj) denoted by ‘Dj◦B(j→k) = Dk’ (or ‘Rj◦B(j→k) = Rk’). Based on the operations of this group, two types of groups—a modulo 5 linear group and a rotational group over the Gaussian plane, acting on the five bases—are linked as parts of the wallpaper group for broader applications. As a result, changes, insertions/deletions and DNA (RNA) recombination (partial/total conversion) are described. As an exploratory study, a notation for the canonical “central dogma” via a category theory-like way is presented for future developments. Conclusions Despite the large incompleteness of our methodology, there is fertile ground to consider a symmetry model for genetic coding based on our specific wallpaper group. A more integrated formulation containing “central dogma” for future molecular/genetic biology remains to be explored. PMID:24885369

  14. Electric Conductivity in a Beam, Plasma System.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-09-15

    Green ’s function solution to the Boltzmann equation and arrived at a stationary state. However Balescu has accounted for the potential energy of...R. Balescu , Statistical Mechanics of Charged Particles , (In terscience Publishers , New York , 1963) 21. P.M. Morse and H. Feshbach, Methods of

  15. UTILIZATION OF TREATABILITY AND PILOT TESTS TO PREDICT CAH BIOREMEDIATION (Battelle)

    EPA Science Inventory

    Multiple tools have been suggested to help in the design of enhanced anaerobic bioremediation systems for CAHs:
    Extensive high quality microcosm testing followed by small-scale, thoroughly observed, induced flow field pilot tests (i.e. RABITT Protocol, Morse 1998)
    More...

  16. Morse Brothers, Inc. Harrisburg plant : high-strength concrete : research study.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1987-07-01

    This report is the seventh in a series of research studies designed to determine the difference in strength of concrete cylinders cast in steel molds vs. cylinders cast in plastic molds. Prior to this report, six other research studies on the differe...

  17. Changing the Engineering Student Culture with Respect to Academic Integrity and Ethics.

    PubMed

    VanDeGrift, Tammy; Dillon, Heather; Camp, Loreal

    2017-08-01

    Engineers create airplanes, buildings, medical devices, and software, amongst many other things. Engineers abide by a professional code of ethics to uphold people's safety and the reputation of the profession. Likewise, students abide by a code of academic integrity while learning the knowledge and necessary skills to prepare them for the engineering and computing professions. This paper reports on studies designed to improve the engineering student culture with respect to academic integrity and ethics. To understand the existing culture at a university in the USA, a survey based on a national survey about cheating was administered to students. The incidences of self-reported cheating and incidences of not reporting others who cheat show the culture is similar to other institutions. Two interventions were designed and tested in an introduction to an engineering course: two case studies that students discussed in teams and the whole class, and a letter of recommendation assignment in which students wrote about themselves (character, strengths, examples of ethical decisions) three years into the future. Students were surveyed after the two interventions. Results show that first-year engineering students appreciate having a code of academic integrity and they want to earn their degree without cheating, yet less than half of the students would report on another cheating student. The letter of recommendation assignment had some impact on getting students to think about ethics, their character, and their actions. Future work in changing the student culture will continue in both a top-down (course interventions) and bottom-up (student-driven interventions) manner.

  18. Electronic discharge summary and prescription: improving communication between hospital and primary care.

    PubMed

    Murphy, S F; Lenihan, L; Orefuwa, F; Colohan, G; Hynes, I; Collins, C G

    2017-05-01

    The discharge letter is a key component of the communication pathway between the hospital and primary care. Accuracy and timeliness of delivery are crucial to ensure continuity of patient care. Electronic discharge summaries (EDS) and prescriptions have been shown to improve quality of discharge information for general practitioners (GPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new EDS on GP satisfaction levels and accuracy of discharge diagnosis. A GP survey was carried out whereby semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 GPs from three primary care centres who receive a high volume of discharge letters from the hospital. A chart review was carried out on 90 charts to compare accuracy of ICD-10 coding of Non-Consultant Hospital Doctors (NCHDs) with that of trained Hopital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE) coders. GP satisfaction levels were over 90 % with most aspects of the EDS, including amount of information (97 %), accuracy (95 %), GP information and follow-up (97 %) and medications (91 %). 70 % of GPs received the EDS within 2 weeks. ICD-10 coding of discharge diagnosis by NCHDs had an accuracy of 33 %, compared with 95.6 % when done by trained coders (p < 0.00001). The introduction of the EDS and prescription has led to improved quality of timeliness of communication with primary care. It has led to a very high satisfaction rating with GPs. ICD-10 coding was found to be grossly inaccurate when carried out by NCHDs and it is more appropriate for this task to be carried out by trained coders.

  19. Construction of FuzzyFind Dictionary using Golay Coding Transformation for Searching Applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kowsari, Kamram

    2015-03-01

    searching through a large volume of data is very critical for companies, scientists, and searching engines applications due to time complexity and memory complexity. In this paper, a new technique of generating FuzzyFind Dictionary for text mining was introduced. We simply mapped the 23 bits of the English alphabet into a FuzzyFind Dictionary or more than 23 bits by using more FuzzyFind Dictionary, and reflecting the presence or absence of particular letters. This representation preserves closeness of word distortions in terms of closeness of the created binary vectors within Hamming distance of 2 deviations. This paper talks about the Golay Coding Transformation Hash Table and how it can be used on a FuzzyFind Dictionary as a new technology for using in searching through big data. This method is introduced by linear time complexity for generating the dictionary and constant time complexity to access the data and update by new data sets, also updating for new data sets is linear time depends on new data points. This technique is based on searching only for letters of English that each segment has 23 bits, and also we have more than 23-bit and also it could work with more segments as reference table.

  20. Weak and strong novice readers of English as a foreign language: effects of first language and socioeconomic status.

    PubMed

    Kahn-Horwitz, Janina; Shimron, Joseph; Sparks, Richard L

    2006-06-01

    This study examined individual differences among beginning readers of English as a foreign language (EFL). The study concentrated on the effects of underlying first language (L1) knowledge as well as EFL letter and vocabulary knowledge. Phonological and morphological awareness, spelling, vocabulary knowledge, and word reading in Hebrew L1, in addition to knowledge of EFL letters and EFL vocabulary, were measured. The study also investigated the effect of socioeconomic background (SES) on beginning EFL readers. Participants included 145 fourth graders from three schools representing two socioeconomic backgrounds in the north of Israel. The results indicate that knowledge of English letters played a more prominent role than knowledge of Hebrew L1 components in differentiating between strong and weak EFL readers. The Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis was supported by L1 phonological awareness, word reading, and vocabulary knowledge appearing as part of discriminating functions. The presence of English vocabulary knowledge as part of the discriminant functions provides support for English word reading being more than just a decoding task for EFL beginner readers. Socioeconomic status differentiated the groups for EFL word recognition but not for EFL reading comprehension.

  1. A working memory account of the interaction between numbers and spatial attention.

    PubMed

    van Dijck, Jean-Philippe; Abrahamse, Elger L; Acar, Freya; Ketels, Boris; Fias, Wim

    2014-01-01

    Rather than reflecting the long-term memory construct of a mental number line, it has been proposed that the relation between numbers and space is of a more temporary nature and constructed in working memory during task execution. In three experiments we further explored the viability of this working memory account. Participants performed a speeded dot detection task with dots appearing left or right, while maintaining digits or letters in working memory. Just before presentation of the dot, these digits or letters were used as central cues. These experiments show that the "attentional SNARC-effect" (where SNARC is the spatial-numerical association of response codes) is not observed when only the lastly perceived number cue--and no serially ordered sequence of cues--is maintained in working memory (Experiment 1). It is only when multiple items (numbers in Experiment 2; letters in Experiment 3) are stored in working memory in a serially organized way that the attentional cueing effect is observed as a function of serial working memory position. These observations suggest that the "attentional SNARC-effect" is strongly working memory based. Implications for theories on the mental representation of numbers are discussed.

  2. A Database Management System Application for the Graduate Programs Office of the School of Systems and Logistics. Volume 2. Technical Reference Manual

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-09-01

    CIT C 15 Name of local city. InCSrATE C 2 Name of local state as tw letter abbreviatiom. SIC ZIP C 10 Loa ZIP code. Five or nine digits . InC_ PHKtE C 15...record: 10 Database Dictimary for C: \\ BASE\\PAS1E.MF Field Nane Type Width Decimal Coments PMSCODE C 2 Third and fourth digits of PAS code. ON C 3...Version: 3.01 Date: 09/01/88 Time: 21:34 Report Libary : C: ASE\\GPO.RP1 Date: 08/28/88 Time: 11:32 PRMNT OFTICNS CflRL-PRINrM Nmber of copies: 1 Starting

  3. Approximated transport-of-intensity equation for coded-aperture x-ray phase-contrast imaging.

    PubMed

    Das, Mini; Liang, Zhihua

    2014-09-15

    Transport-of-intensity equations (TIEs) allow better understanding of image formation and assist in simplifying the "phase problem" associated with phase-sensitive x-ray measurements. In this Letter, we present for the first time to our knowledge a simplified form of TIE that models x-ray differential phase-contrast (DPC) imaging with coded-aperture (CA) geometry. The validity of our approximation is demonstrated through comparison with an exact TIE in numerical simulations. The relative contributions of absorption, phase, and differential phase to the acquired phase-sensitive intensity images are made readily apparent with the approximate TIE, which may prove useful for solving the inverse phase-retrieval problem associated with these CA geometry based DPC.

  4. Behave yourself. Interview by Gardiner Morse.

    PubMed

    Goldsmith, Marshall

    2002-10-01

    Executive consultant Marshall Goldsmith tells his CEO clients that he's not the real coach; the people around them are. To change your behavior, he says, quit whining about the past and start asking your colleagues how you can do better. You're not done until they think you are.

  5. Vocational and Technical Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Compact, 1968

    1968-01-01

    Volume 2, Issue 3 of "Compact" was designed to point out the problems and potential of vocational-technical education and to offer some suggestions for action. Major content includes: (1) "Education for Twenty-First Century Employment," by Wayne Morse, (2) "Pending Federal Legislation Encourages Vocational Innovation," by Grant Venn, (3)…

  6. ARC-2008-ACD08-0065-051

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2008-04-11

    Lunar Science Institute (LSI) Grand Opening. Ribbon Cutting, L-R: James Green, Director, Planetary Programs, NASA Headquarters, Mike Honda, U.S. Congressman,15th District, Apollo Astronaut Buzz Aldrin, S. Pete Worden, Director, NASA Ames Research Center, David Morrison, Interiu Director, NASA Lunar Science Institute. David Morse at podium.

  7. Mental rotation of letters, body parts and scenes during whole-body tilt: role of a body-centered versus a gravitational reference frame.

    PubMed

    Bock, Otmar L; Dalecki, Marc

    2015-04-01

    It is known that in mental-rotation tasks, subjects mentally transform the displayed material until it appears "upright" and then make a judgment. Here we evaluate, by using three typical mental rotation tasks with different degrees of embodiment, whether "upright" is coded to a gravitational or egocentric reference frame, or a combination of both. Observers stood erect or were whole-body tilted by 60°, with their left ear down. In either posture, they saw stimuli presented at different orientation angles in their frontal plane: in condition LETTER, they judged whether the stimuli were normal or mirror-reversed letters, in condition HAND whether they represented a left or a right hand, and in condition SCENE whether a weapon laid left or right in front of a displayed person. Data confirm that reaction times are modulated by stimulus orientation angle, and the modulation curve in LETTER and HAND differs from that in SCENE. More importantly, during 60° body tilt, the modulation curve shifted 12° away from the gravitational towards the egocentric vertical reference; this shift was comparable in all three conditions and independent of the degree of embodiment. We conclude that mental rotation in all conditions relied on a similar spatial reference, which seems to be a weighted average of the gravitational and the egocentric vertical, with a higher weight given to the former. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  8. Priming processes in the Simon task: more evidence from the lexical decision task for a third route in the Simon effect.

    PubMed

    Metzker, Manja; Dreisbach, Gesine

    2011-06-01

    Recently, it was proposed that the Simon effect would result not only from two interfering processes, as classical dual-route models assume, but from three processes. It was argued that priming from the spatial code to the nonspatial code might facilitate the identification of the nonspatial stimulus feature in congruent Simon trials. In the present study, the authors provide evidence that the identification of the nonspatial information can be facilitated by the activation of an associated spatial code. In three experiments, participants first associated centrally presented animal and fruit pictures with spatial responses. Subsequently, participants decided whether laterally presented letter strings were words (animal, fruit, or other words) or nonwords; stimulus position could be congruent or incongruent to the associated spatial code. As hypothesized, animal and fruit words were identified faster at congruent than at incongruent stimulus positions from the association phase. The authors conclude that the activation of the spatial code spreads to the nonspatial code, resulting in facilitated stimulus identification in congruent trials. These results speak to the assumption of a third process involved in the Simon task.

  9. Minimizing embedding impact in steganography using trellis-coded quantization

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Filler, Tomáš; Judas, Jan; Fridrich, Jessica

    2010-01-01

    In this paper, we propose a practical approach to minimizing embedding impact in steganography based on syndrome coding and trellis-coded quantization and contrast its performance with bounds derived from appropriate rate-distortion bounds. We assume that each cover element can be assigned a positive scalar expressing the impact of making an embedding change at that element (single-letter distortion). The problem is to embed a given payload with minimal possible average embedding impact. This task, which can be viewed as a generalization of matrix embedding or writing on wet paper, has been approached using heuristic and suboptimal tools in the past. Here, we propose a fast and very versatile solution to this problem that can theoretically achieve performance arbitrarily close to the bound. It is based on syndrome coding using linear convolutional codes with the optimal binary quantizer implemented using the Viterbi algorithm run in the dual domain. The complexity and memory requirements of the embedding algorithm are linear w.r.t. the number of cover elements. For practitioners, we include detailed algorithms for finding good codes and their implementation. Finally, we report extensive experimental results for a large set of relative payloads and for different distortion profiles, including the wet paper channel.

  10. Unconditional security of a three state quantum key distribution protocol.

    PubMed

    Boileau, J-C; Tamaki, K; Batuwantudawe, J; Laflamme, R; Renes, J M

    2005-02-04

    Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols are cryptographic techniques with security based only on the laws of quantum mechanics. Two prominent QKD schemes are the Bennett-Brassard 1984 and Bennett 1992 protocols that use four and two quantum states, respectively. In 2000, Phoenix et al. proposed a new family of three-state protocols that offers advantages over the previous schemes. Until now, an error rate threshold for security of the symmetric trine spherical code QKD protocol has been shown only for the trivial intercept-resend eavesdropping strategy. In this Letter, we prove the unconditional security of the trine spherical code QKD protocol, demonstrating its security up to a bit error rate of 9.81%. We also discuss how this proof applies to a version of the trine spherical code QKD protocol where the error rate is evaluated from the number of inconclusive events.

  11. The Roberts Court and Academic Freedom

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rahdert, Mark C.

    2007-01-01

    Since President Bush named Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. and Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. to the Supreme Court, speculation has run high as to where the new court may be headed. Citing three recent cases ("Morse v. Frederick", "Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights, Inc." and "Garcetti v.…

  12. Career Education for Behaviorally Disordered Students.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fink, Albert H., Ed.; Kokaska, Charles J., Ed.

    Ten papers address topics in career education for students with behavior disorders. W. Morse points out "Problems and Promises," including problems with the definition and scope of career education and the needs for individualization and support systems. C. Kokaska and L. Cook in "Concepts and Definitions" offer insight on problems in defining…

  13. An Architect of the Golden Years

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zeiler, Michael D.

    2006-01-01

    William H. Morse has played a major role in the experimental analysis of behavior. His view of operant behavior as the outcome of differential reinforcement provides an invaluable lesson in scientific research and theory. He studied schedules of reinforcement to generate an in-depth analysis of the complex interactions existing when contingencies…

  14. Engineering and Design: Indoor Radon Prevention and Mitigation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-09-15

    slabs on grade, capillary water barrier below floor slabs on grade, dampproofing or waterproofing and protection board on below grade walls, sealants in...will be lapped 12 inches and sealed with adhesives or pressure sensitive tape and sealed at foundation walls with mastic. Capillary water barrier will...Systems, Letter Codes B, C, and D. Sub- slab suction systems consist of 4 inch diameter perforated PVC pipe laid in the capillary water barrier below floor

  15. Crude oil produced by church not exempt from windfall profit tax

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1985-09-01

    Private Letter Ruling 8515003 does not exempt crude oil produced by an agency of a convention of churches from the windfall profits tax. The Internal Revenue Service concluded that not all of the proceeds were dedicated for the benefit of a qualifying charitable organization since some went to build a home for the elderly, although some went to fund educational scholarships. The Code does not allow partial tax exemptions.

  16. Code-switched English Pronunciation Modeling for Swahili Spoken Term Detection (Pub Version, Open Access)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-05-03

    using additional English resources. 2. Background The Babel program1 is an international collaborative effort sponsored by the US Intelligence Advanced...phenomenon is not as well studied for English / African language pairs, but some results are available8,9. 3. Experimental Setup The Swahili analysis...word pronunciations. From the analysis it was concluded that in most cases English words were pronounced using standard English letter-to-sound rules

  17. Epidemiological Study of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Sequelae Caused by Blast Exposure During Operations Iraq Freedom and Enduring Freedom

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-10-01

    working memory),(Vanderploeg et al., 2005) Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III (WAIS-III) items: Digit Symbol Coding, Digit Span, Letter-Number...EFFORT William C. Walker, MD, Principal Investigator September, 2008 20 (see: VCU sub-award) David X. Cifu, MD Co-Investigator September, 2008...group for our purposes. The neuropsychological battery will consist of the following standardized, validated, tests of proven reliability: Wechsler Test

  18. Optical Processing.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-12-31

    34 Optics Letters, 2 (1), 1-3 (1978). 7. Grossberg, S., "Adaptive Resonance in Development, Perception and Cognition ," SIAM-AMS Proc., 13, 107-156...Illusions," Biol. Cybernetics, 23, 187-202, (1976b). 11. Grossberg, S., "How Does A Brain Build a Cognitive Code?", Psychol. Review, 87 (1), 1-51 (1980...34perceptron" (F. Rosenblatt, Principles of Neurodynamics ), workers in the neural network field have been seeking to understand how neural networks can perform

  19. SSPX thermistor system

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Thomassen, K I

    The SSPX Thermistor is a glass encapsulated bead thermistor made by Thermometrics, a BR 14 P A 103 J. The BR means ruggedized bead structure, 14 is the nominal bead diameter in mils, P refers to opposite end leads, A is the material system code letter, 103 refers to its 10 k{Omega} zero-power resistance at 25 C, and the tolerance letter J indicates {+-} 5% at 25 C. It is football shaped, with height ->, and is viewed through a slot of height h = 0.01 inches. The slot is perpendicular to the long axis of the bead, and ismore » a distance s {approx} 0.775 cm in front of the thermistor. So plasma is viewed over a large angle along the slot, but over a small angle {alpha} perpendicular to the slot. The angle {alpha} is given by 2s tan{alpha} = -> + h.« less

  20. Scientific iconoclasm and active imagination: synthetic cells as techno-scientific mandalas.

    PubMed

    Zwart, Hub

    2018-05-14

    Metaphors allow us to come to terms with abstract and complex information, by comparing it to something which is structured, familiar and concrete. Although modern science is "iconoclastic", as Gaston Bachelard phrases it (i.e. bent on replacing living entities by symbolic data: e.g. biochemical and mathematical symbols and codes), scientists are at the same time prolific producers of metaphoric images themselves. Synthetic biology is an outstanding example of a technoscientific discourse replete with metaphors, including textual metaphors such as the "Morse code" of life, the "barcode" of life and the "book" of life. This paper focuses on a different type of metaphor, however, namely on the archetypal metaphor of the mandala as a symbol of restored unity and wholeness. Notably, mandala images emerge in textual materials (papers, posters, PowerPoints, etc.) related to one of the new "frontiers" of contemporary technoscience, namely the building of a synthetic cell: a laboratory artefact that functions like a cell and is even able to replicate itself. The mandala symbol suggests that, after living systems have been successfully reduced to the elementary building blocks and barcodes of life, the time has now come to put these fragments together again. We can only claim to understand life, synthetic cell experts argue, if we are able to technically reproduce a fully functioning cell. This holistic turn towards the cell as a meaningful whole (a total work of techno-art) also requires convergence at the "subject pole": the building of a synthetic cell as a practice of the self, representing a turn towards integration, of multiple perspectives and various forms of expertise.

  1. Robin problems with a general potential and a superlinear reaction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.; Rădulescu, Vicenţiu D.; Repovš, Dušan D.

    2017-09-01

    We consider semilinear Robin problems driven by the negative Laplacian plus an indefinite potential and with a superlinear reaction term which need not satisfy the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition. We prove existence and multiplicity theorems (producing also an infinity of smooth solutions) using variational tools, truncation and perturbation techniques and Morse theory (critical groups).

  2. The Calculation of Potential Energy Curves of Diatomic Molecules: The RKR Method.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Castano, F.; And Others

    1983-01-01

    The RKR method for determining accurate potential energy curves is described. Advantages of using the method (compared to Morse procedure) and a TRS-80 computer program which calculates the classical turning points by an RKR method are also described. The computer program is available from the author upon request. (Author/JN)

  3. College Admissions Policies for the 1970's.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    College Entrance Examination Board, New York, NY.

    The papers included in this collection are (1) "Problems and Issues Confronting the Admissions Community" by Clyde Vroman; (2) "Frozen Assumptions in Admissions" by B. Alden Thresher; (3) "The Effect of Federal Programs on Admissions Policies" by John F. Morse; (4) "State Plans for Higher Education and Their Influence on Admissions" by Charles W.…

  4. Large Capacitance Measurement by Multiple Uses of MBL Charge Sensor

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lee, Jung Sook; Chae, Min; Kim, Jung Bog

    2010-01-01

    A recent article by Morse described interesting electrostatics experiments using an MBL charge sensor. In this application, the charge sensor has a large capacitance compared to the charged test object, so nearly all charges can be transferred to the sensor capacitor from the capacitor to be measured. However, the typical capacitance of commercial…

  5. An Unreasonable Argument against Student Free Speech

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blacker, David

    2009-01-01

    The U.S. Supreme Court's recent opinion in "Morse v. Frederick" (2007), perhaps better known as the "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" case, contains a widely reported concurrence by Justice Clarence Thomas. Challenging well-established precedent, Thomas argues that students should have no constitutional rights in school. In this essay David Blacker argues that,…

  6. Evaluation of Army Organizational Development Interventions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-07-01

    organizational change . Personnel Journal, 1976, 55(11), 570-572, 579. Morse, M. Do it yourself consulting: A case report. Public Personnel Review# 1968, 29(1), 32...Behavioral Science, 1975, 11(4) 437-45 McNair, M. P. The case method at the Harvard Business School. NY: McGraw-Hill, 1954. Meyer, M. C. Managing

  7. 64. FORWARD EMERGENCY DIESEL GENERATOR SET STARBOARD LOOKING TO ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    64. FORWARD EMERGENCY DIESEL GENERATOR SET - STARBOARD LOOKING TO PORT SHOWING BOTTOM HALF OF FAIRBANKS MORSE 36D81/8 TEN CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE SERIAL #951230 AND GENERAL ELECTRIC 1,000KW GENERATOR KVA 1250, RPM 720, SERIAL #6920274. - U.S.S. HORNET, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Sinclair Inlet, Bremerton, Kitsap County, WA

  8. Student Expression: The Uncertain Future

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bathon, Justin M.; McCarthy, Martha M.

    2008-01-01

    On June 25, 2007, the United States Supreme Court rendered its decision in "Morse v. Frederick", a long-awaited ruling regarding student speech in public schools. For nearly twenty years, the Supreme Court had been silent on the issue while lower courts attempted to apply the rules announced in previous Supreme Court decisions. It is…

  9. Communicating CSR and Business Identity in the Chemical Industry through Mission Slogans

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Verboven, Hans

    2011-01-01

    This article analyzes the communication of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate image in the chemical industry through mission slogans. Morsing's (2006) CSR communication framework is adapted for a comparative analysis of the strategies behind mission slogans. By grouping rhetorical strategies in a mission slogan into a mission…

  10. Seismic Constraints on Shallow Crustal Processes at the East Pacific Rise.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-02-01

    also put me up in his house and introduced me to the local microbreweries . Will Wilcock provided the codes for attenuation tomography used in Chapter 4...and also kept the internet busy answering all of my questions. John Collins has patiently responded to all my queries about reflectivity. Through the...Gerard Fryer. Chapter 4 is in press in Geophysical Research Letters, with co-authors Will Wilcock and G.M. Purdy. I plan on submitting a revised

  11. GSFC Supplier Surveillance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kelly, Michael P.

    2011-01-01

    Topics covered include: Develop Program/Project Quality Assurance Surveillance Plans The work activities performed by the developer and/or his suppliers are subject to evaluation and audit by government-designated representatives. CSO supports project by selecting on-site supplier representative s by one of several methods: (1) a Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) person via a Letter Of Delegation (LOD), (2) an independent assurance contractor (IAC) via a contract Audits, Assessments, and Assurance (A3) Contract Code 300 Mission Assurance Support Contract (MASC)

  12. Program Descriptions for Interactive Signal and Pattern Analysis and Recognition System (ISPARS).

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-03-01

    procedures for the ISPARS components developed at the David Taylor Naval Ship Reserach and Development Center (DTNSRDC), which are not documented in other...an alphabetic character. Some commands may consist of a letter and one or two two-digit numbers, separated by a space as specified in the table. 81 I-I... PAPERS INTENDED FOR IN- TERNAL USE. THEY CARRY AN IDENTIFYING NUMBER WHICH INDICATES THEIR TYPE AND THE NUMERICAL CODE OF THE ORIGINATING DEPARTMENT

  13. Letter to the editor : Impartial review is key.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Crabtree, G. W.; Materials Science Division

    The News Feature, 'Misconduct in physics: Time to wise up? [Nature 418, 120-121; 2002], raises important issues that the physical-science community must face. Argonne National Laboratory's code of ethics calls for a response very similar to that of Bell Labs, namely: 'The Laboratory director may appoint an ad-hoc scientific review committee to investigate internal or external charges of scientific misconduct, fraud, falsification of data, misinterpretation of data, or other activities involving scientific or technical matters.'

  14. Intersystem Interference Reduction for Overlaid HAPS-Terrestrial CDMA System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Jeng-Ji; Wang, Wei-Ting; Li, Mingfu; Shiung, David; Ferng, Huei-Wen

    In this letter, we propose that directional antennas, combined with power management, be incorporated to reduce intersystem interference in a shared band overlaid high altitude platform station (HAPS)-terrestrial code division multiple access (CDMA) system. To eliminate the HAPS to terrestrial interference, the HAPS is accessed only via directional antennas under the proposed scheme. By doing so, the uplink power to the HAPS can accordingly be increased, so that the terrestrial to HAPS interference is also effectively suppressed.

  15. Evaluation of seepage from Chester Morse Lake and Masonry Pool, King County, Washington

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Hidaka, F.T.; Garrett, Arthur Angus

    1967-01-01

    Hydrologic data collected in the Cedar and Snoqualmie River basins on the west slope of the Cascade Range have been analyzed to determine the amount of water lost by seepage from Chester Morse Lake and Masonry Pool and the. consequent gain by seepage to the Cedar and South Fork Snoqualmie Rivers. For water years 1957-64, average losses were about 220 cfs (cubic feet per second) while average gains were about 180 cfs in the Cedar River and 50 cfs in the South Fork Snoqualmie River. Streamflow and precipitation data for water years 1908-26 and 1930-F2 indicate that a change in runoff regimen occurred in Cedar and South Fork Snoqualmie Rivers after the Boxley Creek washout in December 1918. For water years 1919-26 and 1930-32, the flow of Cedar River near Landsburg averaged about 80 cfs less than it would have if the washout had not occurred. In contrast, the flow of South Fork Snoqualmie River at North Bend averaged about 60 cfs more than it would have.

  16. Comparative analysis of ArnCl2 (2 ? n ? 30) clusters taking into account molecular relaxation effects

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ferreira, G. G.; Borges, E.; Braga, J. P.; Belchior, J. C.

    Cluster structures are discussed in a nonrigid analysis, using a modified minima search method based on stochastic processes and classical dynamics simulations. The relaxation process is taken into account considering the internal motion of the Cl2 molecule. Cluster structures are compared with previous works in which the Cl2 molecule is assumed to be rigid. The interactions are modeled using pair potentials: the Aziz and Lennard-Jones potentials for the Ar==Ar interaction, a Morse potential for the Cl==Cl interaction, and a fully spherical/anisotropic Morse-Spline-van der Waals (MSV) potential for the Ar==Cl interaction. As expected, all calculated energies are lower than those obtained in a rigid approximation; one reason may be attributed to the nonrigid contributions of the internal motion of the Cl2 molecule. Finally, the growing processes in molecular clusters are discussed, and it is pointed out that the growing mechanism can be affected due to the nonrigid initial conditions of smaller clusters such as ArnCl2 (n ? 4 or 5), which are seeds for higher-order clusters.

  17. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhang, Na; Zhang, Peng; Kang, Wei

    Multiscale simulations of fluids such as blood represent a major computational challenge of coupling the disparate spatiotemporal scales between molecular and macroscopic transport phenomena characterizing such complex fluids. In this paper, a coarse-grained (CG) particle model is developed for simulating blood flow by modifying the Morse potential, traditionally used in Molecular Dynamics for modeling vibrating structures. The modified Morse potential is parameterized with effective mass scales for reproducing blood viscous flow properties, including density, pressure, viscosity, compressibility and characteristic flow dynamics of human blood plasma fluid. The parameterization follows a standard inverse-problem approach in which the optimal micro parameters aremore » systematically searched, by gradually decoupling loosely correlated parameter spaces, to match the macro physical quantities of viscous blood flow. The predictions of this particle based multiscale model compare favorably to classic viscous flow solutions such as Counter-Poiseuille and Couette flows. It demonstrates that such coarse grained particle model can be applied to replicate the dynamics of viscous blood flow, with the advantage of bridging the gap between macroscopic flow scales and the cellular scales characterizing blood flow that continuum based models fail to handle adequately.« less

  18. Element analysis: a wavelet-based method for analysing time-localized events in noisy time series.

    PubMed

    Lilly, Jonathan M

    2017-04-01

    A method is derived for the quantitative analysis of signals that are composed of superpositions of isolated, time-localized 'events'. Here, these events are taken to be well represented as rescaled and phase-rotated versions of generalized Morse wavelets, a broad family of continuous analytic functions. Analysing a signal composed of replicates of such a function using another Morse wavelet allows one to directly estimate the properties of events from the values of the wavelet transform at its own maxima. The distribution of events in general power-law noise is determined in order to establish significance based on an expected false detection rate. Finally, an expression for an event's 'region of influence' within the wavelet transform permits the formation of a criterion for rejecting spurious maxima due to numerical artefacts or other unsuitable events. Signals can then be reconstructed based on a small number of isolated points on the time/scale plane. This method, termed element analysis , is applied to the identification of long-lived eddy structures in ocean currents as observed by along-track measurements of sea surface elevation from satellite altimetry.

  19. Ultrastrong extraordinary transmission and reflection in PT-symmetric Thue-Morse optical waveguide networks.

    PubMed

    Wu, Jiaye; Yang, Xiangbo

    2017-10-30

    In this paper, we construct a 1D PT-symmetric Thue-Morse aperiodic optical waveguide network (PTSTMAOWN) and mainly investigate the ultrastrong extraordinary transmission and reflection. We propose an approach to study the photonic modes and solve the problem of calculating photonic modes distributions in aperiodic networks due to the lack of dispersion functions and find that in a PTSTMAOWN there exist more photonic modes and more spontaneous PT-symmetric breaking points, which are quite different from other reported PT-symmetric optical systems. Additionally, we develop a method to sort spontaneous PT-symmetric breaking point zones to seek the strongest extraordinary point and obtain that at this point the strongest extraordinary transmission and reflection arrive at 2.96316 × 10 5 and 1.32761 × 10 5 , respectively, due to the PT-symmetric coupling resonance and the special symmetry pattern of TM networks. These enormous gains are several orders of magnitude larger than the previous results. This optical system may possess potential in designing optical amplifier, optical logic elements in photon computers and ultrasensitive optical switches with ultrahigh monochromatity.

  20. Structure-dependent localized surface plasmon resonance characteristics and surface enhanced Raman scattering performances of quasi-periodic nanoarrays: Measurements and analysis

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Chen, Dong; Zhou, Jun, E-mail: zhoujun@nbu.edu.cn; Rippa, Massimo

    A set of periodic and quasi-periodic Au nanoarrays with different morphologies have been fabricated by using electron beam lithography technique, and their optical properties have been examined experimentally and analyzed theoretically by scanning near-field optical microscope and finite element method, respectively. Results present that the localized surface plasmon resonance of the as-prepared Au nanoarrays exhibit the structure-depended characteristics. Comparing with the periodic nanoarrays, the quasi-periodic ones demonstrate stronger electric field enhancement, especially for Thue-Morse nanoarray. Meanwhile, the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecular labeled nanoarrays show that the quasi-periodic nanoarrays exhibit distinct SERS enhancement, for example,more » a higher enhancement factor of ∼10{sup 7} is obtained for the Thue-Morse nanoarray consisted of square pillars of 100 nm size. Therefore, it is significant to optimally design and fabricate the chip-scale quasi-periodic nanoarrays with high localized electric field enhancement for SERS applications in biosensing field.« less

  1. Accommodative performance for chromatic displays.

    PubMed

    Lovasik, J V; Kergoat, H

    1988-01-01

    Over the past few years, video display units (VDUs) have been incorporated into many varieties of workplaces and occupational demands. The success of electro-optical displays in facilitating and improving job performance has spawned interest in extracting further advantage from VDUs by incorporating colour coding into such communication systems. However, concerns have been raised about the effect of chromatic stimuli on the visual comfort and task efficiency, because of the chromatic aberration inherent in the optics of the human eye. In this study, we used a computer aided laser speckle optometer system to measure the accommodative responses to brightness-matched chromatic letters displayed on a high-resolution RGB monitor. Twenty, visually normal, paid volunteers in a 22-35 year age category served as subjects. Stimuli were 14, 21, 28 minutes of arc letters presented in a 'monochromatic' (white, red, green or blue, on a black background) or 'multichromatic' (blue-red, blue-green, red-green, foreground-background combinations) mode at 40 and 80 cm viewing distances. The results demonstrated that while the accommodative responses were strongly influenced by the foreground-background colour combination, the group-averaged dioptric difference across colours was relatively small. Further, accommodative responses were not guided in any systematic fashion by the size of letters presented for fixation. Implications of these findings for display designs are discussed.

  2. Is the internal connection more efficient than external connection in mechanical, biological, and esthetical point of views? A systematic review.

    PubMed

    Goiato, Marcelo Coelho; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza; da Silva, Emily Vivianne Freitas; Bonatto, Liliane da Rocha; dos Santos, Daniela Micheline

    2015-09-01

    This systematic review aimed to evaluate if the internal connection is more efficient than the external connection and its associated influencing factors. A specific question was formulated according to the Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcome (PICO): Is internal connection more efficient than external connection in mechanical, biological, and esthetical point of views? An electronic search of the MEDLINE and the Web of Knowledge databases was performed for relevant studies published in English up to November 2013 by two independent reviewers. The keywords used in the search included a combination of "dental implant" and "internal connection" or "Morse connection" or "external connection." Selected studies were randomized clinical trials, prospective or retrospective studies, and in vitro studies with a clear aim of investigating the internal and/or external implant connection use. From an initial screening yield of 674 articles, 64 potentially relevant articles were selected after an evaluation of their titles and abstracts. Full texts of these articles were obtained with 29 articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Morse taper connection has the best sealing ability. Concerning crestal bone loss, internal connections presented better results than external connections. The limitation of the present study was the absence of randomized clinical trials that investigated if the internal connection was more efficient than the external connection. The external and internal connections have different mechanical, biological, and esthetical characteristics. Besides all systems that show proper success rates and effectiveness, crestal bone level maintenance is more important around internal connections than external connections. The Morse taper connection seems to be more efficient concerning biological aspects, allowing lower bacterial leakage and bone loss in single implants, including aesthetic regions. Additionally, this connection type can be successfully indicated for fixed partial prostheses and overdenture planning, since it exhibits high mechanical stability.

  3. Informational structure of genetic sequences and nature of gene splicing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Trifonov, E. N.

    1991-10-01

    Only about 1/20 of DNA of higher organisms codes for proteins, by means of classical triplet code. The rest of DNA sequences is largely silent, with unclear functions, if any. The triplet code is not the only code (message) carried by the sequences. There are three levels of molecular communication, where the same sequence ``talks'' to various bimolecules, while having, respectively, three different appearances: DNA, RNA and protein. Since the molecular structures and, hence, sequence specific preferences of these are substantially different, the original DNA sequence has to carry simultaneously three types of sequence patterns (codes, messages), thus, being a composite structure in which one had the same letter (nucleotide) is frequently involved in several overlapping codes of different nature. This multiplicity and overlapping of the codes is a unique feature of the Gnomic, language of genetic sequences. The coexisting codes have to be degenerate in various degrees to allow an optimal and concerted performance of all the encoded functions. There is an obvious conflict between the best possible performance of a given function and necessity to compromise the quality of a given sequence pattern in favor of other patterns. It appears that the major role of various changes in the sequences on their ``ontogenetic'' way from DNA to RNA to protein, like RNA editing and splicing, or protein post-translational modifications is to resolve such conflicts. New data are presented strongly indicating that the gene splicing is such a device to resolve the conflict between the code of DNA folding in chromatin and the triplet code for protein synthesis.

  4. Optimized and secure technique for multiplexing QR code images of single characters: application to noiseless messages retrieval

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Trejos, Sorayda; Fredy Barrera, John; Torroba, Roberto

    2015-08-01

    We present for the first time an optical encrypting-decrypting protocol for recovering messages without speckle noise. This is a digital holographic technique using a 2f scheme to process QR codes entries. In the procedure, letters used to compose eventual messages are individually converted into a QR code, and then each QR code is divided into portions. Through a holographic technique, we store each processed portion. After filtering and repositioning, we add all processed data to create a single pack, thus simplifying the handling and recovery of multiple QR code images, representing the first multiplexing procedure applied to processed QR codes. All QR codes are recovered in a single step and in the same plane, showing neither cross-talk nor noise problems as in other methods. Experiments have been conducted using an interferometric configuration and comparisons between unprocessed and recovered QR codes have been performed, showing differences between them due to the involved processing. Recovered QR codes can be successfully scanned, thanks to their noise tolerance. Finally, the appropriate sequence in the scanning of the recovered QR codes brings a noiseless retrieved message. Additionally, to procure maximum security, the multiplexed pack could be multiplied by a digital diffuser as to encrypt it. The encrypted pack is easily decoded by multiplying the multiplexing with the complex conjugate of the diffuser. As it is a digital operation, no noise is added. Therefore, this technique is threefold robust, involving multiplexing, encryption, and the need of a sequence to retrieve the outcome.

  5. A Comparison of Two Chord Keyboard Coding Systems for Alphanumeric Data Entry.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-06-01

    These rates were achieved while typing new material with no more than two errors per minute. No IBM machine has yet been marketed using this chord...type", subject’s typing rates on the standard typewriter ranged from 54.5 CPM to 176.5 CPM for mixed alphanumeric data. Nine of the ten subjects...dot Keyboard and the Standard Keyboard Material Keyboard Entry Rate All Letters Alpha-dot Keyboard 65.25 CPM Mixed Alpha/Numeric Text Alpha-dot

  6. An Interactive Activation Model of the Effect of Context in Perception. Part 2

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-07-15

    nonword strings are often seen with letters transposed if the transposition will produce legal strings (Estes, 1975a; c.f. experiment by Stevens reported...Activation Model Rumelhart & McClelland Part II 90 References Anderson, J. A. Neural models with cognitive implications. In D. LaBerge & S. J. Samuels...Washington, DC 20372 Coe391 Dr. Gory PoockNavy Personnel R&D Center Operations Research Department LT Steven D. Harris. MSC, USN San Diego, CA 92152 Code

  7. A Study of the Communication Capabilities of the OPARS Flight Planning System for Various Levels of Demand.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-03-01

    Oceanography Center (FNOC) is currently testing and evaluating a computerized flight plan system, referred to, for short, as OPARS. This sytem , developed to...replace the Lockheed Jetplan flight plan sytem , provides users at remote sites with direct access to the FNOC computer via 11 telephone lines. The...validity, but only for format. For example, an entry of ABCE , as the four- letter identification code for the destination airfield, would be accepted

  8. Job Language Performance Requirements for MOS 44B. Metal Worker. Reference Soldier’s Manual Dated 17 April 1979.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-04-17

    i I tie frlr. o, -J*:, i io s )r *i r -is 1 :1 iv 71 1, q. Q’ " n -’ d to - ’ln t i: s ’I osl o SA A~S: 11,0% unid-rs! n d i of ?rint, d c ,,.I tt...readings off dosimeter Coordinate scales Callsigns-suffices Three-letter codes Exmples Calculations Markings Radio comunications Range cards Notes Messages V

  9. On mini-superspace limit of boundary three-point function in Liouville field theory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Apresyan, Elena; Sarkissian, Gor

    2017-12-01

    We study the mini-superspace semiclassical limit of the boundary three-point function in the Liouville field theory. We compute also matrix elements for the Morse potential quantum mechanics. An exact agreement between the former and the latter is found. We show that both of them are given by the generalized hypergeometric functions.

  10. Replicate This! Creating Individual-Level Data from Summary Statistics Using R

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Morse, Brendan J.

    2013-01-01

    Incorporating realistic data and research examples into quantitative (e.g., statistics and research methods) courses has been widely recommended for enhancing student engagement and comprehension. One way to achieve these ends is to use a data generator to emulate the data in published research articles. "MorseGen" is a free data generator that…

  11. Student Rights, Clarence Thomas, and the Revolutionary Vision of Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Warnick, Bryan R.; Rowe, Bradley; Kim, Sang Hyun

    2009-01-01

    In his concurring opinion to the 2007 U.S. Supreme Court decision, "Morse v. Frederick," Justice Clarence Thomas argues that the "Tinker" decision, which granted students constitutional rights in public schools, should be overturned on originalist grounds. In this essay, Bryan Warnick, Bradley Rowe, and Sang Hyun Kim make the case that Thomas's…

  12. Kepler Media Briefing

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2009-02-19

    Jon Morse, director, Astrophysics Division at NASA Headquarters talks about the Kepler mission during a media briefing, Thursday, Feb. 19, 2008, at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Kepler, the first mission with the ability to find planets like earth, is scheduled to launch on March 5, 2009 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. aboard a Delta II rocket. Photo Credit: (NASA/Paul. E. Alers)

  13. Noise Threshold and Resource Cost of Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing with Majorana Fermions in Hybrid Systems.

    PubMed

    Li, Ying

    2016-09-16

    Fault-tolerant quantum computing in systems composed of both Majorana fermions and topologically unprotected quantum systems, e.g., superconducting circuits or quantum dots, is studied in this Letter. Errors caused by topologically unprotected quantum systems need to be corrected with error-correction schemes, for instance, the surface code. We find that the error-correction performance of such a hybrid topological quantum computer is not superior to a normal quantum computer unless the topological charge of Majorana fermions is insusceptible to noise. If errors changing the topological charge are rare, the fault-tolerance threshold is much higher than the threshold of a normal quantum computer and a surface-code logical qubit could be encoded in only tens of topological qubits instead of about 1,000 normal qubits.

  14. RNA-protein interactions in an unstructured context.

    PubMed

    Zagrovic, Bojan; Bartonek, Lukas; Polyansky, Anton A

    2018-05-31

    Despite their importance, our understanding of noncovalent RNA-protein interactions is incomplete. This especially concerns the binding between RNA and unstructured protein regions, a widespread class of such interactions. Here, we review the recent experimental and computational work on RNA-protein interactions in an unstructured context with a particular focus on how such interactions may be shaped by the intrinsic interaction affinities between individual nucleobases and protein side chains. Specifically, we articulate the claim that the universal genetic code reflects the binding specificity between nucleobases and protein side chains and that, in turn, the code may be seen as the Rosetta stone for understanding RNA-protein interactions in general. © 2018 The Authors. FEBS Letters published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

  15. Modeling phoneme perception. II: A model of stop consonant discrimination.

    PubMed

    van Hessen, A J; Schouten, M E

    1992-10-01

    Combining elements from two existing theories of speech sound discrimination, dual process theory (DPT) and trace context theory (TCT), a new theory, called phoneme perception theory, is proposed, consisting of a long-term phoneme memory, a context-coding memory, and a trace memory, each with its own time constants. This theory is tested by means of stop-consonant discrimination data in which interstimulus interval (ISI; values of 100, 300, and 2000 ms) is an important variable. It is shown that discrimination in which labeling plays an important part (2IFC and AX between category) benefits from increased ISI, whereas discrimination in which only sensory traces are compared (AX within category), decreases with increasing ISI. The theory is also tested on speech discrimination data from the literature in which ISI is a variable [Pisoni, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 36, 277-282 (1964); Cowan and Morse, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79, 500-507 (1986)]. It is concluded that the number of parameters in trace context theory is not sufficient to account for most speech-sound discrimination data and that a few additional assumptions are needed, such as a form of sublabeling, in which subjects encode the quality of a stimulus as a member of a category, and which requires processing time.

  16. Omni-Purpose Stretchable Strain Sensor Based on a Highly Dense Nanocracking Structure for Whole-Body Motion Monitoring.

    PubMed

    Jeon, Hyungkook; Hong, Seong Kyung; Kim, Min Seo; Cho, Seong J; Lim, Geunbae

    2017-12-06

    Here, we report an omni-purpose stretchable strain sensor (OPSS sensor) based on a nanocracking structure for monitoring whole-body motions including both joint-level and skin-level motions. By controlling and optimizing the nanocracking structure, inspired by the spider sensory system, the OPSS sensor is endowed with both high sensitivity (gauge factor ≈ 30) and a wide working range (strain up to 150%) under great linearity (R 2 = 0.9814) and fast response time (<30 ms). Furthermore, the fabrication process of the OPSS sensor has advantages of being extremely simple, patternable, integrated circuit-compatible, and reliable in terms of reproducibility. Using the OPSS sensor, we detected various human body motions including both moving of joints and subtle deforming of skin such as pulsation. As specific medical applications of the sensor, we also successfully developed a glove-type hand motion detector and a real-time Morse code communication system for patients with general paralysis. Therefore, considering the outstanding sensing performances, great advantages of the fabrication process, and successful results from a variety of practical applications, we believe that the OPSS sensor is a highly suitable strain sensor for whole-body motion monitoring and has potential for a wide range of applications, such as medical robotics and wearable healthcare devices.

  17. Newly described features resulting from high-magnification dermoscopy of tinea capitis.

    PubMed

    Lacarrubba, Francesco; Verzì, Anna Elisa; Micali, Giuseppe

    2015-03-01

    Recent studies have reported "comma hairs" as a typical dermoscopic feature of tinea capitis observed at low magnification (×10). The aim of this study was to evaluate the dermoscopic aspects of tinea capitis at high magnification (×150) and its diagnostic role. Five children (2 boys and 3 girls; aged 4-10 years) with multiple scaly patches of alopecia underwent scalp dermoscopy, direct microscopic examinations, and mycological cultures of skin scrapings. Using low magnification (×30), typical comma hairs, "Morse code-like" hairs, and "zigzag" hairs were observed. When using high magnification (×150), additional features were horizontal white bands that appear as empty bands that are likely related to localized areas of fungal infection. These horizontal white bands are usually multiple and may cause the hair to bend and break. We also identified a new dermoscopic feature consisting of translucent, easily deformable hairs that look weakened and transparent and show unusual bends; they are likely the result of a massive fungal invasion involving the whole hair shaft. Direct microscopic examination showed fungal infection and results of mycological culture were positive for Microsporum canis in all cases. The identification of new findings using higher-magnification dermoscopy may enhance the diagnosis of tinea capitis and be of help to better understand some pathogenetic mechanisms.

  18. Does conal prime CANAL more than cinal? Masked phonological priming effects in Spanish with the lexical decision task.

    PubMed

    Pollatsek, Alexander; Perea, Manuel; Carreiras, Manuel

    2005-04-01

    Evidence for an early involvement of phonology in word identification usually relies on the comparison between a target word preceded by a homophonic prime and an orthographic control (rait-RATE vs. raut-RATE). This comparison rests on the assumption that the two control primes are equally orthographically similar to the target. Here, we tested for phonological effects with a masked priming paradigm in which orthographic similarity between priming conditions was perfectly controlled at the letter level and in which identification of the prime was virtually at chance for both stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) (66 and 50 msec). In the key prime-target pairs, each prime differed from the target by one vowel letter, but one changed the sound of the initial c, and the other did not (cinal-CANAL vs. conal-CANAL). In the control prime-target pairs, the primes had the identical vowel manipulation, but neither changed the initial consonant sound (pinel-PANEL vs. ponel-PANEL). For both high- and low-frequency words, lexical decision responses to the target were slower when the prime changed the sound of the c than when it did not, whereas there was no difference for the controls at both SOAs. However, this phonological effect was small and was not significant when the SOA was 50 msec. The pattern of data is consistent with an early phonological coding of primes that occurs just a little later than orthographic coding.

  19. Morse, K. (2003). Does One Size Fit All? Exploring Asynchronous Learning in a Multicultural Environment. "JALN", 7(1), 37-55

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zhang, Zuochen

    2004-01-01

    As new technologies become less expensive, provide greater access to various forms of multimedia, and are integrated into all aspects of everyday life, online learning environments are becoming more prevalent. Online education, as experienced through course management systems, is being heralded as meeting the needs of students' lifestyles by…

  20. An Assessment of the Accuracy of Semi-Empirical Quantum Chemistry Calculations of the Mechanical Properties of Polymers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-03-01

    the crystal structure. The program Cerius 30 for Silicon Graphics workstations was used for this crystal simulation. A standard Lennard - Jones ...calculations ........... 16 2. General polymer stress-strain curve ......................... 23 3. Comparison of Morse and harmonic potentials ...a PE oligom er .......................................... 35 6. PE cluster strain dependent heat of formation potential ........... 36 7. Comparison

  1. Survey of High-Pressure Effects in Solids.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-11-01

    phenomenological Lennard - Jones and Morse potentials . The resulting study of the GrUneisen parameter is most illuminating. A more am- bitious program would to...the Gordon-Kim-Boyer scheme with our suggested modifications; use of the exchange-correlation potential in the local-density approximation i such an...Xenon Hugoniot Calculations and Experiments .......... 41 3.8. Xenon Intermolecular Potentials ...................... 42 3.9. Xenon Hugoniot Calculations

  2. A Multi-Scale Modeling Framework for Shear Initiated Reactions in Energetic Materials

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-07-01

    Laboratory, 2004. 10. Fermen-Coker, M., “Numerical Simulation of Adiabatic Shear Bands in Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Due to Fragment Impact,” ARL-RP-91; U.S...V.G., “Application of the Morse Potential Function to Cubic Metals” Phys. Rev., Vol. 114, pp. 687- 690 , 1959. 15. McQuarrie, D.A., Statistical

  3. Realization of intermode oscillations in open resonator of diffraction radiation generator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kurin, V. G.; Skrynnik, V. G.; Shestopalov, V. P.

    1993-11-01

    The results of an experimental study of oscillation interaction in the open resonator of a diffraction radiation generator (DRG) are presented. Interaction is obtained in the region of oscillation splitting in the electrodynamic system of the DRG in the diffraction-radiation mode. The possibility of improving the generator's frequency stability in the vicinities of Morse critical points is shown.

  4. Teaching, Learning, & Technology: The Challenge Continues. Proceedings of the Annual Mid-South Instructional Technology Conference (8th, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, March 30-April 1, 2003).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Middle Tennessee State Univ., Murfreesboro.

    This proceedings of the eight annual Mid-South Instructional Technology Conference: Teaching, Learning, & Technology contains the following selected presentations: "Design and Implementation of a Multimedia CD-ROM-Based Directed Study Preservice Teacher Education Course" (Timothy Morse); "Effective IT Integration in the Composition Classroom:…

  5. Sex differences on the Multitalent Perception Inventory among Malaysian students.

    PubMed

    Palaniappan, Ananda Kumar

    2007-12-01

    Malaysian high school students, 142 boys and 154 girls (M age= 13.3 yr., SD = 0.3) were compared on a talent measure, the Khatena-Morse Multitalent Perception Inventory. Boys obtained significantly higher means on the overall score of Versatility and the talent areas of Artistry, Creative Imagination, Initiative, and Leadership. Further replications involving other age groups and nationalities are recommended.

  6. Determination of phase from the ridge of CWT using generalized Morse wavelet

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kocahan, Ozlem; Tiryaki, Erhan; Coskun, Emre; Ozder, Serhat

    2018-03-01

    The selection of wavelet is an important step in order to determine the phase from the fringe patterns. In the present work, a new wavelet for phase retrieval from the ridge of continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is presented. The phase distributions have been extracted from the optical fringe pattern by choosing the zero order generalized morse wavelet (GMW) as a mother wavelet. The aim of the study is to reveal the ways in which the two varying parameters of GMW affect the phase calculation. To show the validity of this method, an experimental study has been conducted by using the diffraction phase microscopy (DPM) setup; consequently, the profiles of red blood cells have been retrieved. The results for the CWT ridge technique with GMW have been compared with the results for the Morlet wavelet and the Paul wavelet; the results are almost identical for Paul and zero order GMW because of their degree of freedom. Also, for further discussion, the Fourier transform and the Stockwell transform have been applied comparatively. The outcome of the comparison reveals that GMWs are highly applicable to the research in various areas, predominantly biomedicine.

  7. Element analysis: a wavelet-based method for analysing time-localized events in noisy time series

    PubMed Central

    2017-01-01

    A method is derived for the quantitative analysis of signals that are composed of superpositions of isolated, time-localized ‘events’. Here, these events are taken to be well represented as rescaled and phase-rotated versions of generalized Morse wavelets, a broad family of continuous analytic functions. Analysing a signal composed of replicates of such a function using another Morse wavelet allows one to directly estimate the properties of events from the values of the wavelet transform at its own maxima. The distribution of events in general power-law noise is determined in order to establish significance based on an expected false detection rate. Finally, an expression for an event’s ‘region of influence’ within the wavelet transform permits the formation of a criterion for rejecting spurious maxima due to numerical artefacts or other unsuitable events. Signals can then be reconstructed based on a small number of isolated points on the time/scale plane. This method, termed element analysis, is applied to the identification of long-lived eddy structures in ocean currents as observed by along-track measurements of sea surface elevation from satellite altimetry. PMID:28484325

  8. CARES/LIFE Software Commercialization

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1995-01-01

    The NASA Lewis Research Center has entered into a letter agreement with BIOSYM Technologies Inc. (now merged with Molecular Simulations Inc. (MSI)). Under this agreement, NASA will provide a developmental copy of the CARES/LIFE computer program to BIOSYM for evaluation. This computer code predicts the time-dependent reliability of a thermomechanically loaded component. BIOSYM will become familiar with CARES/LIFE, provide results of computations useful in validating the code, evaluate it for potential commercialization, and submit suggestions for improvements or extensions to the code or its documentation. If BIOSYM/Molecular Simulations reaches a favorable evaluation of CARES/LIFE, NASA will enter into negotiations for a cooperative agreement with BIOSYM/Molecular Simulations to further develop the code--adding features such as a user-friendly interface and other improvements. This agreement would give BIOSYM intellectual property rights in the modified codes, which they could protect and then commercialize. NASA would provide BIOSYM with the NASA-developed source codes and would agree to cooperate with BIOSYM in further developing the code. In return, NASA would receive certain use rights in the modified CARES/LIFE program. Presently BIOSYM Technologies Inc. has been involved with integration issues concerning its merger with Molecular Simulations Inc., since both companies used to compete in the computational chemistry market, and to some degree, in the materials market. Consequently, evaluation of the CARES/LIFE software is on hold for a month or two while the merger is finalized. Their interest in CARES continues, however, and they expect to get back to the evaluation by early November 1995.

  9. Summary Report for ASC L2 Milestone #4782: Assess Newly Emerging Programming and Memory Models for Advanced Architectures on Integrated Codes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Neely, J. R.; Hornung, R.; Black, A.

    This document serves as a detailed companion to the powerpoint slides presented as part of the ASC L2 milestone review for Integrated Codes milestone #4782 titled “Assess Newly Emerging Programming and Memory Models for Advanced Architectures on Integrated Codes”, due on 9/30/2014, and presented for formal program review on 9/12/2014. The program review committee is represented by Mike Zika (A Program Project Lead for Kull), Brian Pudliner (B Program Project Lead for Ares), Scott Futral (DEG Group Lead in LC), and Mike Glass (Sierra Project Lead at Sandia). This document, along with the presentation materials, and a letter of completionmore » signed by the review committee will act as proof of completion for this milestone.« less

  10. The Coast Artillery Journal. Volume 56, Number 6, June 1922

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1922-06-01

    lay-June, 1922. Le fonctionnement des services a l’interieur de la D. A. (IV).-Be-4, ::\\lay, 1922. Ligeros Apuntes Sobre la Instruccion de Planas...34 which is contained in paragraph 101 to 105,both inclusive . As the items we have considered so far would not occupy a half- hour’s drill period let us...two-arm SemaPhore Code. 1 Letters A-G inclusive . Note that in this course the let- 2 A-H, Z. ters are grouped as nearly as 3 A-I, X, Z. possible with

  11. Insertion, Detection, and Extraction of Messages Hidden by Optimal Multi-Signature Spread Spectrum Means

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-07-09

    49, pp. 873-885, Apr. 2003. [23] G. N. Karystinos and D. A. Pados, “New bounds on the total squared correlation and optimum design of DS - CDMA binary...bounds on DS - CDMA binary signature sets,” Designs, Codes and Cryptography, vol. 30, pp. 73-84, Aug. 2003. [25] V. P. Ipatov, “On the Karystinos-Pados...bounds and optimal binary DS - CDMA signature ensembles,” IEEE Commun. Letters, vol. 8, pp. 81-83, Feb. 2004. [26] G. N. Karystinos and D. A. Pados

  12. Veterans and Pell Grant Eligibility in 1982. Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education of the Committee on Education and Labor and the Subcommittee on Education, Training and Employment of the Committee on Veterans Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-Seventh Congress, Second Session. Serial No. 97-81.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.

    This is a Congressional hearing to review and receive comment on H.R. 6190, legislation that would amend Title 38, United States Code, to exempt GI bill educational benefits from the determination of a veteran's eligibility for Federal educational benefits. Testimony includes statements, prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials…

  13. The Potential Energy Density in Transverse String Waves Depends Critically on Longitudinal Motion

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rowland, David R.

    2011-01-01

    The question of the correct formula for the potential energy density in transverse waves on a taut string continues to attract attention (e.g. Burko 2010 "Eur. J. Phys." 31 L71), and at least three different formulae can be found in the literature, with the classic text by Morse and Feshbach ("Methods of Theoretical Physics" pp 126-127) stating…

  14. Chromatin Remodeling Function of BRCA1 and its Implication in Regulation of DNA Replication

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2000-09-01

    1F., Cayanan, C., Barilla , D., and Monteiro, A. N. (2000) Cancer Res 60(9), 2411-8 Shore, D. (1994) Trends Genet 10(11), 408-12 32. Li, B...D., and Nasmyth, K. (1987) Cell 51, 721-32 34. Morse, R. H. (2000) Trends Genet 16, 51-3 13 35. Hayes, F., Cayanan, C., Barilla , D., and Monteiro, A

  15. Education of the Early Adolescent with Behavioral Disorders. Proceedings for the Annual Nebraska Symposium on Current Issues (1st, Omaha, Nebraska, May 9-11, 1979).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Eyde, Donna R., Ed.; And Others

    The collection of 12 papers from the 1979 First Annual Nebraska Symposium focuses on the problem of educating the secondary school aged disturbed student. Entries include the following titles and authors: "Issues in Diagnosis and Programming for Socio-Emotionally Impaired Early Adolescents" (W. Morse); "Adolescent Behavior--The…

  16. Rejoinder to Craig A. Cunningham, David Granger, Jane Fowler Morse, Barbara Stengel, and Terri Wilson, "Dewey, Women, and Weirdoes"

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fitzgerald, Terry

    2010-01-01

    It is good to see Cunningham et al. including F. Matthias Alexander in their list of positive influences in John Dewey's life. However, I believe Cunningham's essay, "Shared explorations of body-mind: the reciprocal influences of Dewey and F.M. Alexander", falls short in its acknowledgement of Alexander and in one important aspect is incorrect. In…

  17. Precursors of Reading Difficulties in Czech and Slovak Children At-Risk of Dyslexia.

    PubMed

    Moll, Kristina; Thompson, Paul A; Mikulajova, Marina; Jagercikova, Zuzana; Kucharska, Anna; Franke, Helena; Hulme, Charles; Snowling, Margaret J

    2016-05-01

    Children with preschool language difficulties are at high risk of literacy problems; however, the nature of the relationship between delayed language development and dyslexia is not understood. Three hundred eight Slovak and Czech children were recruited into three groups: family risk of dyslexia, speech/language difficulties and controls, and were assessed three times from kindergarten until Grade 1. There was a twofold increase in probability of reading problems in each risk group. Precursors of 'dyslexia' included difficulties in oral language and code-related skills (phoneme awareness, letter-knowledge and rapid automatized naming); poor performance in phonological memory and vocabulary was observed in both affected and unaffected high-risk peers. A two-group latent variable path model shows that early language skills predict code-related skills, which in turn predict literacy skills. Findings suggest that dyslexia in Slavic languages has its origins in early language deficits, and children who succumb to reading problems show impaired code-related skills before the onset of formal reading instruction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  18. Information trade-offs for optical quantum communication.

    PubMed

    Wilde, Mark M; Hayden, Patrick; Guha, Saikat

    2012-04-06

    Recent work has precisely characterized the achievable trade-offs between three key information processing tasks-classical communication (generation or consumption), quantum communication (generation or consumption), and shared entanglement (distribution or consumption), measured in bits, qubits, and ebits per channel use, respectively. Slices and corner points of this three-dimensional region reduce to well-known protocols for quantum channels. A trade-off coding technique can attain any point in the region and can outperform time sharing between the best-known protocols for accomplishing each information processing task by itself. Previously, the benefits of trade-off coding that had been found were too small to be of practical value (viz., for the dephasing and the universal cloning machine channels). In this Letter, we demonstrate that the associated performance gains are in fact remarkably high for several physically relevant bosonic channels that model free-space or fiber-optic links, thermal-noise channels, and amplifiers. We show that significant performance gains from trade-off coding also apply when trading photon-number resources between transmitting public and private classical information simultaneously over secret-key-assisted bosonic channels. © 2012 American Physical Society

  19. Learning to Write Letters: Examination of Student and Letter Factors

    PubMed Central

    Puranik, Cynthia S.; Petscher, Yaacov; Lonigan, Christopher J.

    2016-01-01

    Learning to write the letters of the alphabet is an important part of learning how to write conventionally. In this study, we investigated critical factors in the development of letter-writing skills using exploratory item response models to simultaneously account for variance in responses due to differences between students and between letters. Letter-writing skills were assessed in 415 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years. At the student level, we examined the contribution of letter-name knowledge, letter-sound knowledge, and phonological awareness to letter-writing skills. At the letter level, we examined seven intrinsic and extrinsic factors in understanding how preschool children learn to write alphabet letters: first letter of name, letters in name, letter order, textual frequency, number of strokes, symmetry, and letter type. Results indicated that variation in letter-writing skills was accounted for more by differences between students rather than by differences between letters, with most of the variability accounted for by letter-name knowledge and age. Although significant, the contribution of letter-sound knowledge and phonological awareness was relatively small. Student-level mechanisms underlying the acquisition of letter-writing skills are similar to the mechanisms underlying the learning of letter sounds. However, letter characteristics, which appear to play a major role in the learning of letter names and letter sounds, did not appear to influence learning how to write letters in a substantial way. The exception was if the letter was in the child’s name. PMID:25181463

  20. Quality of head injury coding from autopsy reports with AIS © 2005 update 2008.

    PubMed

    Schick, Sylvia; Humrich, Anton; Graw, Matthias

    2018-02-28

    ABSTACT Objective: Coding injuries from autopsy reports of traffic accident victims according to Abbreviated Injury Scale AIS © 2005 update 2008 [1] is quite time consuming. The suspicion arose, that many issues leading to discussion between coder and control reader were based on information required by the AIS that was not documented in the autopsy reports. To quantify this suspicion, we introduced an AIS-detail-indicator (AIS-DI). To each injury in the AIS Codebook one letter from A to N was assigned indicating the level of detail. Rules were formulated to receive repeatable assignments. This scheme was applied to a selection of 149 multiply injured traffic fatalities. The frequencies of "not A" codes were calculated for each body region and it was analysed, why the most detailed level A had not been coded. As a first finding, the results of the head region are presented. 747 AIS head injury codes were found in 137 traffic fatalities, and 60% of these injuries were coded with an AIS-DI of level A. There are three different explanations for codes of AIS-DI "not A": Group 1 "Missing information in autopsy report" (5%), Group 2 "Clinical data required by AIS" (20%), and Group 3 "AIS system determined" (15%). Groups 1 and 2 show consequences for the ISS in 25 cases. Other body regions might perform differently. The AIS-DI can indicate the quality of the underlying data basis and, depending on the aims of different AIS users it can be a helpful tool for quality checks.

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