Geophysical study of the San Juan Mountains batholith complex, southwestern Colorado

USGS Publications Warehouse

Drenth, Benjamin J.; Keller, G. Randy; Thompson, Ren A.

2012-01-01

One of the largest and most pronounced gravity lows over North America is over the rugged San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado (USA). The mountain range is coincident with the San Juan volcanic field (SJVF), the largest erosional remnant of a widespread mid-Cenozoic volcanic field that spanned much of the southern Rocky Mountains. A buried, low-density silicic batholith complex related to the volcanic field has been the accepted interpretation of the source of the gravity low since the 1970s. However, this interpretation was based on gravity data processed with standard techniques that are problematic in the SJVF region. The combination of high-relief topography, topography with low densities, and the use of a common reduction density of 2670 kg/m3produces spurious large-amplitude gravity lows that may distort the geophysical signature of deeper features such as a batholith complex. We applied an unconventional processing procedure that uses geologically appropriate densities for the uppermost crust and digital topography to mostly remove the effect of the low-density units that underlie the topography associated with the SJVF. This approach resulted in a gravity map that provides an improved representation of deeper sources, including reducing the amplitude of the anomaly attributed to a batholith complex. We also reinterpreted vintage seismic refraction data that indicate the presence of low-velocity zones under the SJVF. Assuming that the source of the gravity low on the improved gravity anomaly map is the same as the source of the low seismic velocities, integrated modeling corroborates the interpretation of a batholith complex and then defines the dimensions and overall density contrast of the complex. Models show that the thickness of the batholith complex varies laterally to a significant degree, with the greatest thickness (∼20 km) under the western SJVF, and lesser thicknesses (<10 km) under the eastern SJVF. The largest group of nested calderas on the surface of the SJVF, the central caldera cluster, is not correlated with the thickest part of the batholith complex. This result is consistent with petrologic interpretations from recent studies that the batholith complex continued to be modified after cessation of volcanism and therefore is not necessarily representative of synvolcanic magma chambers. The total volume of the batholith complex is estimated to be 82,000–130,000 km3. The formation of such a large felsic batholith complex would inevitably involve production of a considerably greater volume of residuum, which could be present in the lower crust or uppermost mantle. The interpreted vertically averaged density contrast (–60 to –110 kg/m3), density (2590–2640 kg/m3), and seismic expression of the batholith complex are consistent with results of geophysical studies of other large batholiths in the western United States.

A Modern Analog to the Depositional Age Problem: Zircon and Apatite Fission Track and U-Pb Age Distributions by LA-ICP-MS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donelick, H. M.; Donelick, M. B.; Donelick, R. A.

2012-12-01

Sand from three river systems in North Idaho (Snake River near Lewiston, Clearwater River near Lewiston and the Salmon River near White Bird) and two regional ash fall events (Mt. Mazama and Mt. St. Helens) were collected for zircon U-Pb detrital age analysis. Up to 120 grains of zircon per sample were ablated using a Resonetics M-50 193 nm ArF Excimer laser ablation (LA) system and the Pb, Th, and U isotopic signals were quantified using an Agilent 7700x quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Isotopic signals for major, minor, and trace elements, including all REEs, were also monitored. The youngest zircon U-Pb ages from the river samples were approximately 44 Ma; Cenozoic Idaho Batholith and Precambrian Belt Supergroup ages were well represented. Significant common Pb contamination of the Clearwater River sample (e.g., placer native Cu was observed in the sample) precluded detailed analysis of the zircon U-Pb ages but no interpretable ages <44 Ma were observed. Interestingly, not one of the river samples yielded zircon U-Pb ages near 0 Ma, despite all three catchment areas having received significant ash from Mt. St. Helens in 1980, and Mount Mazama 7,700 years ago, and no doubt other events during the Quaternary. Work currently in progress seeks to address bias against near 0 Ma ages in the catchment areas due to: a) small, local ash fall grain sizes and b) overwhelming number of older grains relative to the ash fall grains. Data from Mt. St. Helens ash from several localities near the mountain (Toutle River and Maple Flats, WA) and several far from the mountain (Spokane, WA; Princeton, ID; Kalispell, MT) and Mt. Mazama ash fall deposits near Lewiston, ID and Spokane, WA will be presented to address these possibilities. Additionally, fission track and U-Pb ages from apatites collected from these river and ash fall samples will also be shown to help constrain the problem.

Isotopic evolution of the idaho batholith and Challis intrusive province, Northern US Cordillera

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gaschnig, Richard M.; Vervoort, J.D.; Lewis, R.S.; Tikoff, B.

2011-01-01

The Idaho batholith and spatially overlapping Challis intrusive province in the North American Cordillera have a history of magmatism spanning some 55 Myr. New isotopic data from the ???98 Ma to 54 Ma Idaho batholith and ???51 Ma to 43 Ma Challis intrusions, coupled with recent geochronological work, provide insights into the evolution of magmatism in the Idaho segment of the Cordillera. Nd and Hf isotopes show clear shifts towards more evolved compositions through the batholith's history and Pb isotopes define distinct fields correlative with the different age and compositionally defined suites of the batholith, whereas the Sr isotopic compositions of the various suites largely overlap. The subsequent Challis magmatism shows the full range of isotopic compositions seen in the batholith. These data suggest that the early suites of metaluminous magmatism (98-87 Ma) represent crust-mantle hybrids. Subsequent voluminous Atlanta peraluminous suite magmatism (83-67 Ma) results primarily from melting of different crustal components. This can be attributed to crustal thickening, resulting from either subduction processes or an outboard terrane collision. A later, smaller crustal melting episode, in the northern Idaho batholith, resulted in the Bitterroot peraluminous suite (66-54 Ma) and tapped different crustal sources. Subsequent Challis magmatism was derived from both crust and mantle sources and corresponds to extensional collapse of the over-thickened crust. ?? The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Insights Into Magma Ascent During Shallow-Level Crustal Shortening From Magnetic Fabrics of the Philipsburg Batholith, SW Montana

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Naibert, T. J.; Geissman, J. W.

2007-12-01

Latest Cretaceous development of the Sevier fold and thrust belt in SW Montana overlapped spatially with silicic magmatism. In the fold thrust belt, large volumes of magma were emplaced well east of the main magmatic arc, now exposed as the Idaho Batholith. Hypothesized mechanisms for emplacement of magma within the overthrust belt often involve magma ascent along shallow, west-dipping faults. The ~ 74 Ma (K-Ar method) Philipsburg Batholith is a 122 km2 tabular granodiorite emplaced into deformed Precambrian Belt Supergroup through Cretaceous strata. The Philipsburg Batholith lies in the upper plate of the Georgetown- Princeton Thrust, NW of Anaconda, Montana and cross-cuts two other previously mapped faults. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) measurements of 122 sites from the Philipsburg Batholith define magnetic foliations and/or lineations to test magma ascent along the Georgetown-Princeton Thrust. AMS fabrics in the Philipsburg Batholith, dominantly defined by magnetite, are generally oblate or triaxial and are typically very consistent at the site level. Preliminary fabric data show subhorizontal foliations across most of the batholith, with steeply dipping foliations near the margins and a minor increase in foliation dip near the inferred fault trace. The hypothesis of magma ascent along fault surfaces will be supported if further data confirm the concentration of relatively steep foliation orientations across the trace of the Georgetown-Princeton thrust.

"The Truth Is Funny": A Study of Jesse Stuart's Humor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hall, Wade

This study of works of Jesse Stuart treats in some depth the setting and background for the humor in his writings, his reverence for the eastern Kentucky hill country, and the various ways he uses materials from his own life and observations as subject matter for his fictional world. After establishing Stuart's kinship with earlier frontier…

Geophysical and isotopic mapping of preexisting crustal structures that influenced the location and development of the San Jacinto fault zone, southern California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Langenheim, V.E.; Jachens, R.C.; Morton, D.M.; Kistler, R.W.; Matti, J.C.

2004-01-01

We examine the role of preexisting crustal structure within the Peninsular Ranges batholith on determining the location of the San Jacinto fault zone by analysis of geophysical anomalies and initial strontium ratio data. A 1000-km-long boundary within the Peninsular Ranges batholith, separating relatively mafic, dense, and magnetic rocks of the western Peninsular Ranges batholith from the more felsic, less dense, and weakly magnetic rocks of the eastern Peninsular Ranges batholith, strikes north-northwest toward the San Jacinto fault zone. Modeling of the gravity and magnetic field anomalies caused by this boundary indicates that it extends to depths of at least 20 km. The anomalies do not cross the San Jacinto fault zone, but instead trend northwesterly and coincide with the fault zone. A 75-km-long gradient in initial strontium ratios (Sri) in the eastern Peninsular Ranges batholith coincides with the San Jacinto fault zone. Here rocks east of the fault are characterized by Sri greater than 0.706, indicating a source of largely continental crust, sedimentary materials, or different lithosphere. We argue that the physical property contrast produced by the Peninsular Ranges batholith boundary provided a mechanically favorable path for the San Jacinto fault zone, bypassing the San Gorgonio structural knot as slip was transferred from the San Andreas fault 1.0-1.5 Ma. Two historical M6.7 earthquakes may have nucleated along the Peninsular Ranges batholith discontinuity in San Jacinto Valley, suggesting that Peninsular Ranges batholith crustal structure may continue to affect how strain is accommodated along the San Jacinto fault zone. ?? 2004 Geological Society of America.

Preliminary study of uranium favorability of the Boulder batholith, Montana

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Castor, S.B.; Robins, J.W.

1978-01-01

The Boulder batholith of southwestern Montana is a composite Late Cretaceous intrusive mass, mostly composed of quartz monzonite and granodiorite. This study was not restricted to the plutonic rocks; it also includes younger rocks that overlie the batholith, and older rocks that it intrudes. The Boulder batholith area has good overall potential for economic uranium deposits, because its geology is similar to that of areas that contain economic deposits elsewhere in the world, and because at least 35 uranium occurrences of several different types are present. Potential is greatest for the occurrence of small uranium deposits in chalcedony veins andmore » base-metal sulfide veins. Three areas may be favorable for large, low-grade deposits consisting of a number of closely spaced chalcedony veins and enriched wall rock; the Mooney claims, the Boulder area, and the Clancy area. In addition, there is a good possibility of by-product uranium production from phosphatic black shales in the project area. The potential for uranium deposits in breccia masses that cut prebatholith rocks, in manganese-quartz veins near Butte, and in a shear zone that cuts Tertiary rhyolite near Helena cannot be determined on the basis of available information. Low-grade, disseminated, primary uranium concentrations similar to porphyry deposits proposed by Armstrong (1974) may exist in the Boulder batholith, but the primary uranium content of most batholith rocks is low. The geologic environment adjacent to the Boulder batholith is similar in places to that at the Midnite mine in Washington. Some igneous rocks in the project area contain more than 10 ppM U/sub 3/O/sub 8/, and some metasedimentary rocks near the batholith contain reductants such as sulfides and carbonaceous material.« less

Photo-Healable Metallosupramolecular Polymers

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-09

doi: 10.1038/nmat2891 Mark Burnworth, Liming Tang , Justin R. Kumpfer, Andrew J. Duncan, Frederick L. Beyer, Gina L. Fiore, Stuart J. Rowan...Mark Burnworth, Liming Tang , Stuart J. Rowan, Christoph Weder. Reinforcement of Self- Healing Polymer Films with Cellulose Nanowhiskers, ACS PMSE...Macromolecules (08 2011) Mark Burnworth, Liming Tang , Justin R. Kumpfer, Andrew J. Duncan, Frederick L. Beyer, Stuart J. Rowan, Christoph Weder

Maximum depositional ages and evolving provenance of Franciscan metagraywackes, NW California: LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ernst, W. G.; Dumitru, T. A.; Tsujimori, T.; McLaughlin, R. J.; Makishima, A.; Nakamura, E.

2012-12-01

In the Cape Mendocino-Garberville-Covelo area, the Franciscan Complex comprises an imbricate stack of east-rooting allochthons. Five structurally higher to lower thrust sheets crop out from east to west: Eastern Belt outliers; Central Belt mélange; Coastal Belt Yager terrane; Coastal Belt Coastal terrane; and Coastal Belt King Range/False Cape terranes. We analyzed detrital zircons from 11 rocks: 2 Eastern Belt; 5 Central Belt; 4 King Range/False Cape terrane. Combined with earlier analyses of 3 Yager terrane and 3 Coastal terrane zircon suites (Dumitru et al., in review), 17 rocks were investigated. Maximum ages of sedimentation and inferred ultimate sources of these units as follows. Eastern Belt (Yolla Bolly): 98-120 Ma Sierran batholith, 140- 230 Ma Andean arc, minor 1300-1400 Ma Mazatzal granites, minor 1800 Ma Yavapai basement, trace >2.5 Ga Archean craton. Central Belt: minor 62-80 Ma Idaho batholith, 85-200 Ma Sierran batholith-Andean arc, 1300-1400 Ma Mazatzal granites, minor 1600-1750 Ma Mazatzal-Yavapai basement. Yager terrane: 50-75 Ma Idaho batholith, 85-120 Ma Sierran batholith, minor 160-200 Ma Andean arc. Coastal terrane: 30-50 Ma, Cascade + Challis volcanics, 55-80 Ma Idaho batholith, 100 Ma Sierran batholith, 1300-1400 Ma, Mazatzal granites. King Range/False Cape terrane: 22-50 Ma Cascade + Challis Idaho batholith, 100-180 Ma Sierran batholith-Andean arc, minor 1400 Ma Mazatzal-Yavapai granites. Depositional ages of Franciscan imbricate thrust sheets young westward from the mid Cretaceous Eastern Belt through the end-of-Cretaceous Central Belt, to the Paleogene Coastal Belt. Over time, the Franciscan received greater proportions of younger clastics derived from more northerly sources. Although mostly arc-derived, some recycled 1400 and 1700-1800 Ma ± 2.5 Ga arc zircons probably were supplied to the Franciscan Complex by erosion and westward transport of detrital grains from Lower Paleozoic miogeoclinal strata covering the cratonal edge. Except for metagraywackes of the Early Cretaceous Skaggs Spring Schist and Picket Peak terrane, Grenville and Appalachian igneous zircons are conspicuously missing from mid-Cretaceous and younger Franciscan rocks, supporting northwestward offset of the trench deposits relative to SW North America.

"Nostalgia for What Cannot Be": An Interpretive and Social Biography of Stuart Hall's Early Years in Jamaica and England, 1932-1959

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Annette

2015-01-01

Much has been written about Stuart Hall's intellectual and theoretical contributions especially after the mid-1960s. This interpretive and social biography places Stuart Hall's life from 1932 to 1959 in a socio-historical context, beginning with his childhood in Jamaica and his early years in England. I draw on Hall's own biographical reflections…

Capacity Building and Sustainment: Focusing on the End-State for Homeland Security

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

Basic Writings of John Stuart Mill : On Liberty, The Subjection of Women & Utilitarianism (New York: The Modern Library, 2002), 234. 297 Council on...Writings of John Stuart Mill : On Liberty, The Subjection of Women & Utilitarianism . New York: The Modern Library, 2002. Palmer, Robert R., Bell I...and the basis for capacity development. Prioritizing development needs 296 John Stuart Mill , The

Comparison of circulation times of thermal waters discharging from the Idaho batholith based on geothermometer temperatures, helium concentrations, and 14C measurements

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mariner, R.H.; Evans, William C.; Young, H.W.

2006-01-01

Circulation times of waters in geothermal systems are poorly known. In this study, we examine the thermal waters of the Idaho batholith to verify whether maximum system temperatures, helium concentrations, and 14C values are related to water age in these low-to-moderate temperature geothermal systems. He/N2 values of gas collected from thermal waters that circulate solely through distinct units of the Idaho batholith correlate linearly with Na-K-(4/3)Ca geothermometer temperatures, showing that both variables are excellent indicators of relative water age. Thermal waters that circulate in early Tertiary (45-50 Ma) granite of the Sawtooth batholith have 3.5 times more helium than thermal waters of the same aquifer temperature that circulate through the main Cretaceous granite (average 91 Ma). Hot spring waters circulating in hydrothermally altered parts of the batholith have very little dissolved helium and no correlation between He/N2 values and geothermometer temperatures. Thermal waters discharging from the Idaho batholith are more depleted in deuterium than modern precipitation in the area. Recharge to these geothermal systems occurred from at least 10,000 BP for the cooler systems up to about 33,000 BP for the hotter systems.

Stuart R. Stidolph diatom atlas

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stidolph, S.R.; Sterrenburg, F.A.S.; Smith, K.E.L.; Kraberg, A.

2012-01-01

The "Stuart R. Stidolph Diatom Atlas" is a comprehensive volume of diatom taxa identified and micrographed by Stuart R. Stidoph during the 1980s and 1990s. The samples were collected from marine coasts of various geographic regions within tropical and subtropical climates. The plates included within this report have never been published and are being published by the USGS as an online reference so that others may have access to this incredible collection.

Emplacement and magnetic fabrics of rapakivi granite intrusions within Wiborg and Åland rapakivi granite batholiths in Finland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karell, Fredrik; Ehlers, Carl; Airo, Meri-Liisa

2014-02-01

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) studies were carried out in two areas in Finland: the Ruotsinpyhtää intrusion within the Wiborg rapakivi granite batholith and the Saltvik intrusions within the Åland rapakivi granite batholith. The main aim of this study was to understand the emplacement history of these mid-Proterozoic rapakivi granites. Aeromagnetic images reveal structures of ca. 5-10 km intrusions that build up the large rapakivi granite batholiths of Åland and Wiborg. Magnetic susceptibility data from the database of the Geological Survey of Finland, including more than 1700 samples from the Wiborg rapakivi batholith and almost 900 samples from the Åland rapakivi batholith, were compared with measurements from the present study. The mean susceptibility is ca. 1500 μSI for the Wiborg batholith and ca. 10,000 μSI for the Åland batholith. Samples taken for this study demonstrate that the mean value for the Ruotsinpyhtää intrusion is ca. 1200 μSI and for the Saltvik intrusions ca. 24,000 μSI. Thermomagnetic measurements reveal that the magnetic susceptibility is mainly derived either from paramagnetic minerals or from magnetite. The absence of solid-state deformation features such as breccia or contact deformation indicates a cauldron-type subsidence emplacement. The AMS measurements from Ruotsinpyhtää confirm these proposals, with concentric gently dipping magnetic foliations that support a ring complex structure above a piston-type subsidence system. The Saltvik area consists of a number of smaller elliptical intrusions of different rapakivi granites forming a multiple intrusive complex. The magnetic fabric shows a general westward dipping of the pyterlite and eastward dipping of the contiguous even-grained rapakivi granite, which indicates a central inflow of magma batches towards the east and west resulting from a laccolitic emplacement of magma batches, while the main mechanism for space creation was derived from subsidence.

Geology and geochronology of the Spirit Mountain batholith, southern Nevada: Implications for timescales and physical processes of batholith construction

USGS Publications Warehouse

Walker, B.A.; Miller, C.F.; Lowery, Claiborne L.; Wooden, J.L.; Miller, J.S.

2007-01-01

The Spirit Mountain batholith (SMB) is a ??? 250??km2 composite silicic intrusion located within the Colorado River Extensional Corridor in southernmost Nevada. Westward tilting of 40-50?? has exposed a cross-section from the roof through deep levels of the batholith. Piecemeal construction is indicated by zircon geochronology, field relations, and elemental geochemistry. Zircon U/Pb data (SHRIMP) demonstrates a ??? 2??million year (17.4-15.3??Ma) history for the SMB. Individual samples contain zircons with ages that span the lifetime of the batholith, suggesting recycling of extant zircon into new magma pulses. Field relations reveal several distinct intrusive episodes and suggest a common injection geometry of stacked horizontal sheets. The largest unit of the SMB is a gradational section (from roof downward) of high-silica leucogranite through coarse granite into foliated quartz monzonite. Solidification of this unit spans most of the history of the batholith. The 25??km ?? 2??km leucogranite was emplaced incrementally as subhorizontal sheets over most or all of the history of this section, suggesting repeated fractional crystallization and melt segregation events. The quartz monzonite and coarse granite are interpreted to be cumulate residuum of this fractionation. Age data from throughout this gradational unit show multiple zircon populations within individual samples. Subsequent distinct intrusions that cut this large unit, which include minor populations of zircons that record the ages of earlier events in construction of the batholith, preserve a sheeted, sill-on-sill geometry. We envision the SMB to have been a patchwork of melt-rich, melt-poor, and entirely solid zones throughout its active life. Preservation of intrusion geometries and contacts depended on the consistency of the host rock. Zircons recycled into new pulses of magma document remobilization of previously emplaced crystal mush, suggesting the mechanisms by which evidence for initial construction of the batholith became blurred. ?? 2007.

Legacy K/Ar and 40Ar/39Ar geochronologic data from the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith of south-central Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Koeneman, Lisa L.; Wilson, Frederic H.

2018-04-06

Sample descriptions and analytical data for more than 200 K/Ar and 40Ar/39Ar analyses from rocks of the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith of south-central Alaska are reported here. Samples were collected over a period of 20 years by Bruce R. Reed and Marvin A. Lanphere (both U.S. Geological Survey) as part of their studies of the batholith.

Paleomagnetic contributions to the Klamath Mountains terrane puzzle-a new piece from the Ironside Mountain batholith, northern California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mankinen, Edward A.; Gromme, C. Sherman; Irwin, W. Porter

2013-01-01

We obtained paleomagnetic samples from six sites within the Middle Jurassic Ironside Mountain batholith (~170 Ma), which constitutes the structurally lowest part of the Western Hayfork terrane, in the Klamath Mountains province of northern California and southern Oregon. Structural attitudes measured in the coeval Hayfork Bally Meta-andesite were used to correct paleomagnetic data from the batholith. Comparing the corrected paleomagnetic pole with a 170-Ma reference pole for North America indicates 73.5° ± 10.6° of clockwise rotation relative to the craton. Nearly one-half of this rotation may have occurred before the terrane accreted to the composite Klamath province at ~168 Ma. No latitudinal displacement of the batholith was detected.

Multiple Emplacement and Exhumation History of the Late Mesozoic Dayunshan-Mufushan Batholith in Southeast China and Its Tectonic Significance: 1. Structural Analysis and Geochronological Constraints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ji, Wenbin; Faure, Michel; Lin, Wei; Chen, Yan; Chu, Yang; Xue, Zhenhua

2018-01-01

The South China Block (SCB) experienced a polyphase reworking by the Phanerozoic tectonothermal events. To better understand its Late Mesozoic tectonics, an integrated multidisciplinary investigation has been conducted on the Dayunshan-Mufushan composite batholith in the north-central SCB. This batholith consists of two major intrusions that recorded distinct emplacement features. According to our structural analysis, two deformation events in relation to batholith emplacement and subsequent exhumation are identified. The early one (D1) was observed mostly at the southern border of the batholith, characterized by a top-to-the-SW ductile shearing in the early-stage intrusion and along its contact zone. This deformation, chiefly associated with the pluton emplacement at ca. 150 Ma, was probably assisted by farfield compression from the northern Yangtze foreland belt. The second but main event (D2) involved two phases: (1) ductile shearing (D2a) prominently expressed along the Dayunshan detachment fault at the western border of the batholith where the syntectonic late-stage intrusion and minor metasedimentary basement in the footwall suffered mylonitization with top-to-the-NW kinematics; and (2) subsequent brittle faulting (D2b) further exhumed the entire batholith that behaved as rift shoulder with half-graben basins developed on its both sides. Geochronological constraints show that the crustal ductile extension occurred during 132-95 Ma. Such a Cretaceous NW-SE extensional tectonic regime, as indicated by the D2 event, has been recognized in a vast area of East Asia. This tectonism was responsible not only for the destruction of the North China craton but also for the formation of the so-called "southeast China basin and range tectonics."

Reconstructing Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems via Geologic Mapping of the Tilted, Cross-sectional Exposures of the Yerington District, Nevada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dilles, J. H.; Proffett, J. M.

2011-12-01

The Jurassic Yerington batholith was cut by Miocene to recent normal faults and tilted ~90° west (Proffett, 1977). Exposures range from the volcanic environment to ~6 km depth in the batholith. Magmatic-hydrothermal fluids derived from the Luhr Hill granite and associated porphyry dikes produced characteristic porphyry copper mineralization and rock alteration (K-silicate, sericitic, and advanced argillic) in near-vertical columnar zones above cupolas on the deep granite. In addition, saline brines derived from the early Mesozoic volcanic and sedimentary section intruded by the batholith were heated and circulated through the batholith producing voluminous sodic-calcic and propylitic alteration. The magnetite-copper ore body at Pumpkin Hollow is hosted in early Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the contact aureole of the batholith, and appears to be an IOCG type deposit produced where the sedimentary brines exited the batholith. Although many advances in understanding of Yerington have been made by lab-based geochronology and geochemistry studies, the first order igneous and hydrothermal features were recognized first in the 1960s and 1970s and are best documented by geological mapping at a variety of scales ranging from 1:500 to 1:24,000. The Anaconda technique of mapping mine benches, trenches, and drill cores was perfected here (Einaudi, 1997), and other techniques were used for surface exposures. The geologic and hydrothermal alteration maps establish that hydrothermal alteration accompanied each of several porphyry dike intrusions, and affected more than 100 km3 of rock. Both zonation in alteration mineralogy and vein orientations allow reconstruction of source areas and >5 km-long flow-paths of hydrothermal fluids through the batholith and contact aureole.

Isotopes and ages in the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith, southern California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kistler, Ronald W.; Wooden, Joseph L.; Morton, Douglas M.

2003-01-01

Strontium, oxygen and lead isotopic and rubidium-strontium geochronologic studies have been completed on Cretaceous and Jurassic (?) granitic rock samples from the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith in southern California. Many of these samples were collected systematically and studied chemically by A. K. Baird and colleagues (Baird and others, 1979). The distribution of these granitic rocks is shown in the Santa Ana, Perris, and San Jacinto Blocks, bounded by the Malibu Coast-Cucamonga, Banning, and San Andreas fault zones, and the Pacific Ocean on the map of the Peninsular Ranges batholith and surrounding area, southern California. The granitic rock names are by Baird and Miesch (1984) who used a modal mineral classification that Bateman and others (1963) used for granitic rocks in the Sierra Nevada batholith. In this classification, granitic rocks have at least 10% quartz. Boundaries between rock types are in terms of the ratio of alkali-feldspar to total feldspar: quartz diorite, 0-10%; granodiorite, 10-35%; quartz monzonite 35-65%; granite >65%. Gabbros have 0-10% quartz. Data for samples investigated are giv in three tables: samples, longitude, latitude, specific gravity and rock type (Table 1); rubidium and strontium data for granitic rocks of the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith, southern California (Table 2); U, Th, Pb concentrations, Pb and Sr initial isotopic compositions, and δ18O permil values for granitic rocks of the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith (table 3).

Emplacement of the Kodiak batholith and slab-window migration

USGS Publications Warehouse

Farris, David W.; Haeussler, Peter J.; Friedman, Richard; Paterson, Scott R.; Saltus, R.W.; Ayuso, Robert A.

2006-01-01

The Kodiak batholith is one of the largest, most elongate intrusive bodies in the forearc Sanak-Baranof plutonic belt located in southern Alaska. This belt is interpreted to have formed during the subduction of an oceanic spreading center and the associated migration of a slab window. Individual plutons of the Kodiak batholith track the location and evolution of the underlying slab window. Six U/Pb zircon ages from the axis of the batholith exhibit a northeastward-decreasing age progression of 59.2 ± 0.2 Ma at the southwest end to 58.4 ± 0.2 Ma at the northeast tip. The trench-parallel rate of age progression is within error of the average slab-window migration rate for the entire Sanak-Baranof belt (~19 cm/yr). Structural relationships, U/Pb ages, and a model of new gravity data indicate that magma from the Kodiak batholith ascended 5-10 km as a northeastward-younging series of 1-8-km-diameter viscoelastic diapirs. Individual plutons ascended by multiple emplacement mechanisms including downward flow, collapse of wall rock, stoping, and diking. Stokes flow xenolith calculations suggest ascent rates of 5-100 m/yr and an effective magmatic viscosity of 107-108 Pa s. Pre-existing structural or lithologic heterogeneities did not dominantly control the location of the main batholith. Instead, its location was determined by migration of the slab window at depth. 

Emerging DoD Role in the Interagency Counter Threat Finance Mission

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-14

Policy magazine article entitled “ Follow the Money ,” by Stuart Levey and Christy Clark, suggests that the FATF should branch out beyond establishing...February 2008), 2. 23 Ibid. 24 Stuart Levey and Christy Clark, “ Follow the Money ,” Foreign Policy online, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/3...PA, November 29, 2011. 28 Stuart Levey and Christy Clark, “ Follow the Money ,” Foreign Policy online, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/3

SHRIMP and 40Ar/39Ar age constraints for timing of plutonism and mineralization in the Boulder batholith

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lund, K.D.; Aleinikoff, John N.; Kunk, Michael J.; Unruh, Dan M.; Zeihen, G.D.; Hodges, W.C.; du Bray, Edward A.; O'Neill, J. Michael

2002-01-01

The 66 Ma age for the quartz monzodiorite of Boulder Baldy and consideration of previous dating studies in the region indicate that small ca. 66 Ma plutonic systems may be common in the Boulder batholith region and especially to the east. The approximately 64 Ma porphyry copper systems at Butte and gold mineralization at Miller Mountain are indicative of regionally important mineralizing systems of this age in the Boulder batholith region. Resolution of the age and probable magmatic source of the Butte pre-Main Stage porphyry copper-molybdenum system and of the silver-rich polymetallic quartz vein systems in the northern part of the Boulder batholith documents that these deposits formed from two discrete periods of hydrothermal mineralization related to two discrete magmatic events.

The Evolution of Preemptive Strikes in Israeli Operational Planning and Future Implications for the Cyber Domain

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-23

2012), 35. 36Irving Lachow, “Cyber Terrorism: Menace of Myth?” in Franklin D. Kramer, Stuart H. Starr, and Larry Wentz, eds., Cyberpower and National...cyber power.” In Franklin D. Kramer, Stuart H. Starr, and Larry Wentz, eds., Cyberpower and National Security (Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books Inc...2009), 272. 188Ibid., 273. 189Martin C. Libicki, “Military Cyberpower,” In Franklin D. Kramer, Stuart H. Starr, and Larry Wentz, eds., Cyberpower and

Exposure of a late cretaceous layered mafic-felsic magma system in the central Sierra Nevada batholith, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Coleman, D.S.; Glazner, A.F.; Miller, J.S.; Bradford, K.J.; Frost, T.P.; Joye, J.L.; Bachl, C.A.

1995-01-01

New U-Pb zircon ages for the Lamarck Granodiorite, associated synplutonic gabbro and diorite plutons, and two large mafic intrusive complexes that underlie them in the Sierra Nevada batholith are 92??1 Ma. These ages establish the Late Cretaceous as a period of extensive mafic-felsic magmatism in the central part of the batholith, and confirm the significance of mafic magmatism in the evolution of the voluminous silicic plutions in the Sierran arc. The lack of significant zircon inheritance in any of the units analyzed supports isotopic evidence that the Lamarck and other Late Cretaceous Sierran plutons were derived predominantly from young crust. Recognition of an extensive mafic-felsic magma system in the Sierra Nevada batholith emphasizes the importance of basaltic liquids in the evolution of continental crust in arc settings. ?? 1995 Springer-Verlag.

33 CFR 110.73c - Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73c Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL. The following is a special anchorage area: Beginning on the Okeechobee...

33 CFR 110.73c - Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73c Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL. The following is a special anchorage area: Beginning on the Okeechobee...

33 CFR 110.73c - Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73c Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL. The following is a special anchorage area: Beginning on the Okeechobee...

33 CFR 110.73c. - Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73c. Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL. The following is a special anchorage area: Beginning on the Okeechobee...

Publications - GMC 404 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

: Shennan, I., Barlow, N., Pierre, K., Stuart-Taylor, O., and Sea Level Research Unit, Department of information. Quadrangle(s): Seward Bibliographic Reference Shennan, I., Barlow, N., Pierre, K., Stuart-Taylor

That Stuart brilliant flare and the search for a new lunar craterlet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haas, Walter H.

On November 15, 1953, at 2 hrs., 0 mins, Universal Time (UT), Dr. Leon H. Stuart, a physician and amateur astronomer at Tulsa, OK, both saw and photographed a very bright spot near the middle of the terminator of the Moon, then 18 hours past First Quarter. The spot was hence neither a photographic blemish nor a visual illusion; and since it was found to move with the image of the Moon on the glass plate, it was not a foreground object like a terrestrial meteor. The only plausible explanation is that it was the fireball produced by the impact of a very large meteoroid upon the lunar surface. The diameter fo the spot of flare was later measured to be 21 km. Dr. Stuart withnessed neither its appearance nor disappearance, but estimated that it was under observation for about 8 seconds. Dr. Stuart published an account of this remarkable observation in "The Strolling Astronomer" in 1956 and in "The Journal of the International Lunar Society" in 1957. He corresponded on the subject with a number of amateur and professional astronomers. A few of them expressed great interest, but most were skeptical or indifferent. Interest died down with the passing years. Then, Dr. Bonnie Buratti of the Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) examined some high-resolution Clementine 1994 images of the immediate vicinity of the Stuart flare and proposed that a new-looking craterlet located there is a result of the 1953 impact. Dr. John Westfall, however, finds from careful measures of photographs that the suggested Buratti craterlet is too far away from the 1953 photographs. The original of the 1953 photographs is missing; but Jerry Stuart, P. E., the son of Leon Stuart, has preserved copies of the original plate and will make these avaialable for research by qualified persons.

John Stuart Mill's "On Liberty": Implications for the Epistemology of the New Rhetoric.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cherwitz, Richard A.; Hikins, James W.

1979-01-01

Discusses John Stuart Mill's nineteenth century treatise and reveals that it embodies the tenets of a sophisticated theory of argument. Makes clear the implications of that theory for contemporary rhetoric. (JMF)

The Jurassic-early Cretaceous Ilo batholith of southern coastal Peru: geology, geochronology and geochemistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boekhout, Flora; Sempere, Thierry; Spikings, Richard; Schaltegger, Urs

2010-05-01

The Ilo batholith (17°00 - 18°30 S) crops out in an area of about 20 by 100 km, along the coast of southern Peru. This batholith is emplaced into the ‘Chocolate‘ Formation of late Permian to middle Jurassic age, which consists of more than 1000 m of basaltic and andesitic lavas, with interbedded volcanic agglomerates and breccias. The Ilo Batholith is considered to be a rarely exposed fragment of the Jurassic arc in Peru. Our aim is to reconstruct the magmatic evolution of this batholith, and place it within the context of long-lasting magma genesis along the active Andean margin since the Paleozoic. Sampling for dating and geochemical analyses was carried out along several cross sections through the batholith that were exposed by post-intrusion eastward tilting of 20-30°. Sparse previous work postulates early to middle Jurassic and partially early Cretaceous emplacement, on the basis of conventional K/Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating methods in the Ilo area. Twenty new U-Pb zircon ages (LA-ICP-MS and CA-ID-TIMS) accompanied by geochemical data suggests the Ilo batholith formed via the amalgamation of middle Jurassic and early Cretaceous, subduction-related plutons. Preliminary Hf isotope studies reveal a primitive mantle source for middle Jurassic intrusions. Additional Sr, Nd and Hf isotope analyses are planned to further resolve the source regions of different pulses of plutonic activity. We strongly suggest that batholith emplacement was at least partly coeval with the emplacement of the late Permian to middle Jurassic Chocolate Formation, which was deposited in an extensional tectonic regime. Our age results and geochemical signature fit into the scheme of episodic emplacement of huge amounts of subduction related magmatism that is observed throughout the whole Andean event, particularly during the middle Jurassic onset of the first Andean cycle (southern Peru, northern Chile and southern Argentina). Although the exact geodynamic setting remains to be precisely defined, these events can be linked to extensional episodes during the breakup of Pangea, which commenced at 230-220 Ma along the western South American margin, with a period of rifting, and culminated in the Jurassic with arc and back-arc extension.

77 FR 9931 - Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Quarterly Listing of Program Issuances-October Through December 2011

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-21

... Ashby (410) 786-6322 Coverage Provisions. XI National Oncologic Positron Emission Stuart Caplan, RN, MAS... Tillman, RN, MAS (410) 786-9252 Facilities. XV Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Stuart Caplan, RN, MAS...

Children's Rights, "die Antipadagogen," and the Paternalism of John Stuart Mill.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nordenbo, Sven Erik

1989-01-01

Examines how John Stuart Mill would have viewed present-day educational liberalists' claims that children should be included in Mill's principle of individual liberty. Concludes that educational liberalists cannot rightly claim Mill as spokesman for their views. (KO)

Interdisciplinary Research in Viscoelasticity and Rheology

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-22

flows of non-Newtonian fluids - in preparation for the Journal of Computational Physics. R. C. Rogers: R1. Robert C. Rogers and Stuart S. Antman , Steady...electromagnetism, in Stuart S. Antman , J.L. Ericksen, David Kinderlehrer, and Ingo Miiller, editors, Metastability and Incompletely Posed Problems

Multiple Emplacement and Exhumation History of the Late Mesozoic Dayunshan-Mufushan Batholith in Southeast China and Its Tectonic Significance: 2. Magnetic Fabrics and Gravity Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ji, Wenbin; Chen, Yan; Chen, Ke; Wei, Wei; Faure, Michel; Lin, Wei

2018-01-01

The Late Mesozoic magmatic province is a prominent feature of the South China Block (SCB). However, the tectonic regimes associated with the magmatism are still elusive. A combined anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and gravity study has been carried out to determine the fabric patterns and shape at depth of the Dayunshan-Mufushan composite batholith in the north-central SCB. This is a companion paper to Part 1 that presented the structural and geochronological data of this batholith. The magnetic fabrics in the batholith interior predominantly reflect magma flow structures. Two distinct patterns of the magnetic lineations are defined, around NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE trends for the early-stage and late-stage intrusions of the batholith, respectively. The gravity survey reveals that the early-stage intrusion has a main feeder zone located below its northern part, while several linear feeder zones trending NNE-SSW are inferred for the late-stage intrusion. Integrating all results, a two-stage construction of the batholith with distinct tectonic regimes has been established. It is concluded that the early-stage intrusion experienced a southward magma transport during its emplacement, partially assisted by far-field compression from the north at ca. 150 Ma. Conversely, the emplacement and exhumation of the late-stage intrusion was accommodated by a NW-SE crustal stretching involving a lateral magma expansion above the multiple feeder zones (likely corresponding to extensional fractures) and ductile shearing during 132-95 Ma localized mainly along the Dayunshan detachment fault. Finally, we discuss the geodynamic linkage between the paleo-Pacific subduction and the Late Mesozoic tectonomagmatism in the SCB.

The Northeast Kingdom batholith, Vermont: magmatic evolution and geochemical constraints on the origin of Acadian granitic rocks

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ayuso, R.A.; Arth, Joseph G.

1992-01-01

Five Devonian plutons (West Charleston, Echo Pond, Nulhegan, Derby, and Willoughby) that constitute the Northeast Kingdom batholith in Vermont show wide ranges in elemental abundances and ratios consistent with major crustal contributions during their evolution. The batholith consists of metaluminous quartz gabbro, diorite and quartz monzodiorite, peraluminous granodiorite and granite, and strongly peraluminous leucogranite. Contents of major elements vary systematically with increasingSiO40) and have small negative Eu anomalies. The strongly peraluminous Willoughby leucogranite has unique trace-element abundances and ratios relative to the rest of the batholith, including low contents of Hf, Zr, Sr, and Ba, low values of K/Rb (80-164), Th/Ta (<9), Rb/Cs (7-40), K/Cs (0.1-0.5), Ce/Pb (0.5-4), high values of Rb/Sr (1-18) low to moderate REE contents and light-REE enriched patterns (with small negative Eu anomalies). Flat REE patterns (with large negative Eu anomalies) are found in a small, hydrothermally-altered area characterized by high abundances of Sn (up to 26 ppm), Rb (up to 670 ppm), Li (up to 310 ppm), Ta (up to 13.1 ppm), and U (up to 10 ppm). There is no single mixing trend, fractional crystallization assemblage, or assimilationscheme that accounts for all trace elementvariations from quartz gabbro to granite in the Northeast Kingdom batholith. The plutons originated by mixing mantle-derived components and crustal melts generated at different levels in the heterogeneous lithosphere in a continental collisional environment. Hybrid rocks in the batholith evolved by fractional crystallization and assimilation of country rocks (<50% by mass), and some of the leucogranitic rocks were subsequently disturbed by a mild hydrothermal event that resulted in the deposition of small amounts of sulfide minerals. ?? 1992 Springer-Verlag.

Igneous and metamorphic petrology in the field: a problem-based, writing-intensive alternative to traditional classroom petrology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DeBari, S. M.

2011-12-01

The Geology Department at Western Washington University (~100 geology majors) offers field and classroom versions of its undergraduate petrology course. This is a one-quarter course (igneous and metamorphic petrology) with mineralogy as a prerequisite. The field version of the course is offered during the three weeks prior to fall quarter and the classroom version is offered in spring quarter. We take 15-20 students around the state of Washington, camping at different outcrop sites where students integrate observational skills, petrologic knowledge, and writing. Petrogenetic associations in various tectonic settings provide the theme of the course. We compare ophiolites vs. arc sequences (volcanic, plutonic, and metamorphic rocks), S- vs. I-type granitoids (plutonic rocks and associated metamorphic rocks), Barrovian vs. Buchan vs. subduction zone metamorphism of different protoliths, and flood-basalt vs. active-arc volcanism. Some basics are covered in the first day at WWU, followed by 17 days of field instruction. Lecture is integrated with outcrop study in the field. For example, students will listen to a lecture about magma differentiation processes as they examine cumulate rocks in the Mt. Stuart batholith, and a lecture about metamorphic facies as they study blueschist facies rocks in the San Juan Islands. Students study multiple outcrops around a site for 1-4 days. They then use their observations (sketches and written descriptions of mineral assemblages, rock types, rock textures, etc.) and analysis techniques (e.g. geochemical data plotting, metamorphic protolith analysis) to write papers in which the data are interpreted in terms of a larger tectonic problem. In advance of the writing process, students use group discussion techniques such as whiteboarding to share their observational evidence and explore interpretations. Student evaluations indicate that despite the intense pace of the course, they enjoy it more. Students also feel that they retain more material for future classes. The undivided attention, immediate writing/reflection, and repetition of skills in different settings reinforce material. Because of students' higher level of engagement, more of them pursue advanced classes or independent studies. A corollary benefit is that students form strong bonds with their cohort group, providing mutual support as they continue through the program and ultimately improving their field camp experience. Final exam scores are equal to or better than in the traditional class, and some basic skills, such the ability to make observations at a variety of scales in sketches and writing, are better. Students can also better distinguish between observation and inference in report writing. Finally, students can apply their theoretical understanding of petrologic processes (e.g. magma differentiation, metamorphic facies progressions) to real rocks in a more sophisticated way using evidence.

Evidence from the lamarck granodiorite for rapid late cretaceous crust formation in California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Coleman, D.S.; Frost, T.P.; Glazner, A.F.

1992-01-01

Strontium and neodymium isotopic data for rocks from the voluminous 90-million-year-old Lamarck intrusive suite in the Sierra Nevada batholith, California, show little variation across a compositional range from gabbro to granite. Data for three different gabbro intrusions within the suite are identical within analytical error and are consistent with derivation from an enriched mantle source. Recognition of local involvement of enriched mantle during generation of the Sierran batholith modifies estimates of crustal growth rates in the United States. These data indicate that parts of the Sierra Nevada batholith may consist almost entirely of juvenile crust added during Cretaceous magmatism.

Moon tree ceremony

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-03

Apollo 13 astronaut Fred Haise stands with Rosemary Roosa, daughter of late Apollo 14 astronaut Stuart Roosa, beside a 'moon tree' planted at the INFINITY science center on Feb. 3, 2011. The moon tree is a descendent of seeds carried into space by Stuart Roosa on the Apollo 14 mission in 1971.

John Stuart Mill's Concepts of Quality and Pedagogical Norms.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Ki Su

1986-01-01

Considers the paradoxical relationship between two pervasive educational goals--quality and equality. Sees this paradox embedded in John Stuart Mill's writings on education, which attempted to reconcile the utilitarian pleasure principle (which emphasizes quantitative measures), with a traditional differentiation among levels and kinds of desires…

Synthesis of petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic data for the Boulder batholith, southwest Montana

USGS Publications Warehouse

du Bray, Edward A.; Aleinikoff, John N.; Lund, Karen

2012-01-01

The Late Cretaceous Boulder batholith in southwest Montana consists of the Butte Granite and a group of associated smaller intrusions emplaced into Mesoproterozoic to Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and into the Late Cretaceous Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics. The Boulder batholith is dominated by the voluminous Butte Granite, which is surrounded by as many as a dozen individually named, peripheral intrusions. These granodiorite, monzogranite, and minor syenogranite intrusions contain varying abundances of plagioclase, alkali feldspar, quartz, biotite, hornblende, rare clinopyroxene, and opaque oxide minerals. Mafic, intermediate, and felsic subsets of the Boulder batholith intrusions are defined principally on the basis of color index. Most Boulder batholith plutons have inequigranular to seriate textures although several are porphyritic and some are granophyric (and locally miarolitic). Most of these plutons are medium grained but several of the more felsic and granophyric intrusions are fine grained. Petrographic characteristics, especially relative abundances of constituent minerals, are distinctive and foster reasonably unambiguous identification of individual intrusions. Seventeen samples from plutons of the Boulder batholith were dated by SHRIMP (Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microprobe) zircon U-Pb geochronology. Three samples of the Butte Granite show that this large pluton may be composite, having formed during two episodes of magmatism at about 76.7 ± 0.5 Ma (2 samples) and 74.7 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma) (1 sample). However, petrographic and chemical data are inconsistent with the Butte Granite consisting of separate, compositionally distinct intrusions. Accordingly, solidification of magma represented by the Butte Granite appears to have spanned about 2 million year (m.y.). The remaining Boulder batholith plutons were emplaced during a 6-10 m.y. span (81.7 ± 1.4 Ma to 73.7 ± 0.6 Ma). The compositional characteristics of these plutons are similar to those of moderately differentiated subduction-related magmas. The plutons form relatively coherent, distinct but broadly overlapping major oxide composition clusters or linear arrays on geochemical variation diagrams. Rock compositions are subalkaline, magnesian, calc-alkalic to calcic, and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous. The Butte Granite intrusion is homogeneous with respect to major oxide abundances. Each of the plutons is also characterized by distinct trace element abundances although absolute trace element abundance variations are relatively minor. Limited Sr and Nd isotope data for whole-rock samples of the Boulder batholith are more radiogenic than those for plutonic rocks of western Idaho, eastern Oregon, the Salmon River suture, and most of the Big Belt Mountains. Initial strontium (Sri) values are low and epsilon neodymium (εNd) values are comparable relative to those of other southwest Montana basement and Mesozoic intrusive rocks. Importantly, although the Boulder batholith hosts significant mineral deposits, including the world-class Butte Cu-Ag deposit, ore metal abundances in the Butte Granite, as well as in its peripheral plutons, are not elevated but are comparable to global average abundances in igneous rocks.

Tudor and Stuart Drama. Goldentree Bibliographies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ribner, Irving, Comp.

This selective bibliography, a guide to scholarship in Tudor and Stuart drama, attempts to provide ample coverage of the major topics and authors, with emphasis on work published since 1920. References excluded are most non-English studies, studies devoted exclusively to anonymous plays or those of minor authors, and unpublished dissertations.…

John Stuart Mill on Freedom, Education, and Social Reform.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carbone, Peter F.

1983-01-01

Examines the social philosophy of John Stuart Mill, emphasizing his views on freedom, education, and social reform. Considers Mill's individualism and reformism, the conflict between freedom and control that characterizes his work, and the importance of freedom and education. Suggests caution in drawing educational implications from his work. (DAB)

Plutonism in the central part of the Sierra Nevada Batholith, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bateman, Paul C.

1992-01-01

The Sierra Nevada batholith comprises the plutonic rocks of Mesozoic age that underlie most of the Sierra Nevada, a magnificent mountain range that originated in the Cenozoic by the westward tilting of a huge block of the Earth's crust. Scattered intrusions west of the batholith in the western metamorphic belt of the Sierra Nevada and east of the Sierra Nevada in the Benton Range and the White and Inyo Mountains are satellitic to but not strictly parts of the Sierra Nevada batholith. Nevertheless, all the plutonic rocks are related in origin. The batholith lies along the west edge of the Paleozoic North American craton, and Paleozoic and early Mesozoic oceanic crust underlies its western margin. It was emplaced in strongly deformed but weakly metamorphosed strata ranging in age from Proterozoic to Cretaceous. Sedimentary rocks of Proterozoic and Paleozoic age crop out east of the batholith in the White and Inyo Mountains, and metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age crop out west of the batholith in the western metamorphic belt. A few large and many small, generally elongate remnants of metamorphic rocks lie within the batholith. Sparse fossils from metasedimentary rocks and isotopic ages for metavolcanic rocks indicate that the metamorphic rocks in the remnants range in age from Early Cambrian to Early Cretaceous. Within the map area (the Mariposa 1 0 by 2 0 quadrangle), the bedding, cleavage, and axial surfaces of folds generally trend about N. 35 0 W., parallel to the long axis of the Sierra Nevada. The country rocks comprise strongly deformed but generally coherent sequences; however, some units in the western metamorphic belt may partly consist of melanges. Most sequences are in contact with other sequences, at least for short distances, but some sequences within the batholith are bounded on one or more sides by plutonic rocks. Proterozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary strata east of the Sierra Nevada and Paleozoic strata in remnants of country rocks within the eastern part of the batholith, although strongly deformed, are autochthonous or have been displaced only short distances, whereas some Mesozoic strata in the western metamorphic belt may be allochthonous. Probably the strata in the western metamorphic belt were deposited in marginal basins and island arcs, but the possibility that they were transported from distant places has not been disproved. All the country rocks have been strongly deformed, most of them more than once. Tectonic disturbances occurred during the Devonian and Mississippian (Antler? orogeny), the Permian and (or) Early Triassic (Sonoman? orogeny), the Late Jurassic (Nevadan orogeny), and at various other times during emplacement of the batholith and uplift that accompanied and followed its emplacement. The strata in the western metamorphic belt probably were deformed in an early Mesozoic subduction complex. The plutonic rocks range in composition from gabbro to leucogranite, but tonalite, granodiorite, and granite are the most common rock types. Most are medium to coarse grained, but some small rock masses are fine grained. Most have hypidiomorphic-granular textures and are equigranular, but some having compositions close to the boundary between granite and granodiorite contain large crystals of alkali feldspar. Serpentinized ultramafic rocks are present locally in the western metamorphic belt within and adjacent to the Melones fault zone. Except for serpentinized ultramafic rocks, trondhjemite, and most granites, all the plutonic rocks contain significant amounts of hornblende. Most of the granitoids are metaluminous or weakly peraluminous; strongly peraluminous granites are present only in the White Mountains. Most of the granitoids are assigned to units of lithodemic rank, and most of these units are assigned to intrusive suites. Plutons assigned to the same lithodeme are composed of rock of similar composition, fabric, and age and are presumed to h

SHRIMP U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar age constraints for relating plutonism and mineralization in the Boulder batholith region, Montana

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lund, K.; Aleinikoff, J.N.; Kunk, Michael J.; Unruh, D.M.; Zeihen, G.D.; Hodges, W.C.; du Bray, E.A.; O'Neill, J. M.

2002-01-01

The composite Boulder batholith, Montana, hosts a variety of mineral deposit types, including important silver-rich polymetallic quartz vein districts in the northern part of the batholith and the giant Butte porphyry copper-molybdenum pre-Main Stage system and crosscutting copper-rich Main Stage vein system in the southern part of the batholith. Previous dating studies have identified ambiguous relationships among igneous and mineralizing events. Mineralizing hydrothermal fluids for these types of deposits and magma for quartz porphyry dikes at Butte have all been considered to be late-stage differentiates of the Boulder batholith. However, previous dating studies indicated that the Boulder batholith plutons cooled from about 78 to 72 Ma, whereas copper-rich Main Stage veins at Butte were dated at about 61 Ma. Recent efforts to date the porphyry copper-molybdenum pre-Main Stage deposits at Butte resulted in conflicting estimates of both 64 and 76 Ma for the mineralizing events. Silver-rich polymetallic quartz vein deposits elsewhere in the batholith have not been dated previously. To resolve this controversy, we used the U.S. Geological Survey, Stanford, SHRIMP RG ion mic??roprobe to date single-age domains within zircons from plutonic rock samples and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology to date white mica, biotite, and K-feldspar from mineral deposits. U-Pb zircon ages are Rader Creek Granodiorite, 80.4 ?? 1.2 Ma; Unionville Granodiorite, 78.2 ?? 0.8 Ma; Pulpit Rock granite, 76.5 ?? 0.8 Ma; Butte Granite, 74.5 ?? 0.9 Ma; altered Steward-type quartz porphyry dike (I-15 roadcut), 66.5 ?? 1.0 Ma; altered Steward-type quartz porphyry dike (Continental pit), 65.7 ?? 0.9 Ma; and quartz monzodiorite of Boulder Baldy (Big Belt Mountains), 66.2 ?? 0.9 Ma. Zircons from Rader Creek Granodiorite and quartz porphyry dike samples contain Archean inheritance. The 40Ar/39Ar ages are muscovite, silver-rich polymetallic quartz vein (Basin district), 74.4 ?? 0.3 Ma; muscovite, silver-rich polymetallic quartz vein (Boulder district), 74.4 ?? 1.2 Ma; muscovite, early dark micaceous vein (Continental pit), 63.6 ?? 0.2 Ma; biotite, early dark micaceous vein (Continental pit), 63.6 ?? 0.2 Ma; potassium feldspar, early dark micaceous vein (Continental pit), 63 to 59 Ma; and biotite, biotite breccia dike (Continental pit), 63.6 ?? 0.2 Ma. Outlying silver-rich polymetallic quartz veins of the Basin and Boulder mining districts probably are directly related to the 74.5 Ma Butte Granite, whereas Steward-type east-west quartz porphyry dikes and Butte pre-Main Stage deposits are parts of a 66 to 64 Ma magmatic-mineralization system unrelated to emplacement of the Boulder batholith. The age of the crosscutting Main Stage veins may be about 61 Ma as originally reported but can only be bracketed as younger than the 64 Ma pre-Main Stage mineralization and older than the about 50 Ma Eocene Lowland Creek intrusions. The 66 Ma age for the quartz monzodiorite of Boulder Baldy and consideration of previous dating studies in the region indicate that small ca. 66 Ma plutonic systems may be common in the Boulder batholith region and especially to the east. The approximately 64 Ma porphyry copper systems at Butte and gold mineralization at Miller Mountain are indicative of regionally important mineralizing systems of this age in the Boulder batholith region. Resolution of the age and probable magmatic source of the Butte pre-Main Stage porphyry copper-molybdenum system and of the silver-rich polymetallic quartz vein systems in the northern part of the Boulder batholith documents that these deposits formed from two discrete periods of hydrothermal mineralization related to two discrete magmatic events.

Pb-Sr-Nd-O isotopic characterization of Mesozoic rocks throughout the northern end of the Peninsular Ranges batholith: Isotopic evidence for the magmatic evolution of oceanic arc–continental margin accretion during the Late Cretaceous of southern California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kistler, Ronald W.; Wooden, Joseph L.; Premo, Wayne R.; Morton, Douglas M.

2014-01-01

Within the duration of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)–based Southern California Areal Mapping Project (SCAMP), many samples from the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith were studied for their whole-rock radioisotopic systematics (rubidium-strontium [Rb-Sr], uranium-thorium-lead [U-Th-Pb], and samarium-neodymium [Sm-Nd]), as well as oxygen (O), a stable isotope. The results of three main studies are presented separately, but here we combine them (>400 analyses) to produce a very complete Pb-Sr-Nd-O isotopic profile of an arc-continent collisional zone—perhaps the most complete in the world. In addition, because many of these samples have U-Pb zircon as well as argon mineral age determinations, we have good control of the timing for Pb-Sr-Nd-O isotopic variations.The ages and isotopic variations help to delineate at least four zones across the batholith from west to east—an older western zone (126–108 Ma), a transitional zone (111–93 Ma), an eastern zone (94–91 Ma), and a much younger allochthonous thrust sheet (ca. 84 Ma), which is the upper plate of the Eastern Peninsular Ranges mylonite zone. Average initial 87Sr/86 Sr (Sri), initial 206Pb/204Pb (206 Pbi), initial 208Pb/204Pb (average 208Pbi), initial epsilon Nd (average εNdi), and δ18O signatures range from 0.704, 18.787, 38.445, +3.1, and 4.0‰–9.0‰, respectively, in the westernmost zone, to 0.7071, 19.199, 38.777, −5, and 9‰–12‰, respectively, in the easternmost zone. The older western zone is therefore the more chemically and isotopically juvenile, characterized mostly by values that are slightly displaced from a mantle array at ca. 115 Ma, and similar to some modern island-arc signatures. In contrast, the isotopic signatures in the eastern zones indicate significant amounts of crustal involvement in the magmatic plumbing of those plutons. These isotopic signatures confirm previously published results that interpreted the Peninsular Ranges batholith as a progressively contaminated magmatic arc. The Peninsular Ranges batholith magmatic arc was initially an oceanic arc built on Panthalassan lithosphere that eventually evolved into a continental margin magmatic arc collision zone, eventually overriding North American cratonic lithosphere. Our Pb-Sr-Nd data further suggest that the western arc rocks represent a nearshore or inboard oceanic arc, as they exhibit isotopic signatures that are more enriched than typical mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB). Isotopic signatures from the central zone are transitional and indicate that enriched crustal magma sources were becoming involved in the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith magmatic plumbing. As the oceanic arc–continental margin collision progressed, a mixture of oceanic mantle and continental magmatic sources transpired. Magmatic production in the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith moved eastward and continued to tap enriched crustal magmatic sources. Similar modeling has been previously proposed for two other western margin magmatic arcs, the Sierra Nevada batholith of central California and the Idaho batholith.Calculated initial Nd signatures at ca. 100 Ma for Permian–Jurassic and Proterozoic basement rocks from the nearby San Gabriel Mountains and possible source areas along the southwestern Laurentian margin of southern California, southwestern Arizona, and northern Sonora strongly suggest their involvement with deep crustal magma mixing beneath the eastern zones of the Peninsular Ranges batholith, as well as farther east in continental lithospheric zones.Last, several samples from the allochthonous, easternmost upper-plate zone, which are considerably younger (ca. 84 Ma) than any of the rocks from the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith proper, have even more enriched average Sri, 206Pbi, 208Pbi, and εNdisignatures of 0.7079, 19.344, 38.881, and −6.6, respectively, indicative of the most-evolved magma sources in the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith and similar to radioisotopic values for rocks from the nearby Transverse Ranges, suggesting a genetic connection between the two.

Stuart Appleton Courtis: Tester, Reformer and Progressive.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johanningmeier, E. V.

The career of Stuart Appleton Courtis in the growth of testing and educational measurement parallels the development of progressive education in the first half of the twentieth century. In 1909 he developed the standardized Courtis Arithmetic Test, Series A, the first objective test used in any city public schools. Continuing his work in testing,…

Publications | Regional Energy Deployment System Model | Energy Analysis |

Science.gov Websites

Methodologies: Approximated DC Flow vs. Pipe Flow along AC Lines. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Energy. DOE/GO-102015-4557. Macknick, Jordan, and Stuart Cohen. 2015. Water Impacts of High Solar PV , Jordan, Stuart Cohen, Robin Newmark, Andrew Martinez, Patrick Sullivan, and Vince Tidwell. 2015. Water

Unique Educational Acceleration: The Dilemma of John Stuart Mill and Contemporary Gifted Youths.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelly, Morgan P.

1985-01-01

John Stuart Mill was not allowed to decide his educational fate until his late teens, and after shedding the restrictions of his father's teaching methods, he began suffering severe emotional distress. His dilemma continues to face today's exceptionally able students' choice between unfettered intellectual development or inevitable biasing that…

The Status of Children in John Stuart Mill's Theory of Liberty.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Habibi, D. A.

1983-01-01

John Stuart Mill viewed children in a more favorable light than is generally believed. Mill wished to protect children from society's bad influences long enough for their individual personalities and talents to develop. Complexities that arise in applying a liberal theory to the education of the immature are discussed. (PP)

Portrait Face-Off: Gilbert Stuart vs. Peter Max

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crumpecker, Cheryl

2012-01-01

When art classes are short and infrequent, it is always a challenge to meet required state and national standards. A unit comparing and contrasting Peter Max's Pop art portraits with the realistic style of Gilbert Stuart's presidential portraits provides an opportunity to address a huge number of these requirements. Focus can change with the age…

Age and isotopic systematics of Cretaceous borehole and surface samples from the greater Los Angeles Basin region: Implications for the types of crust that might underlie Los Angeles and their distribution along late Cenozoic fault systems

USGS Publications Warehouse

Premo, Wayne R.; Morton, Douglas M.; Kistler, Ronald W.

2014-01-01

Nine U-Pb zircon ages were determined on plutonic rocks sampled from surface outcrops and rock chips of drill core from boreholes within the greater Los Angeles Basin region. In addition, lead-strontium-neodymium (Pb-Sr-Nd) whole-rock isotopic data were obtained for eight of these samples. These results help to characterize the crystalline basement rocks hidden in the subsurface and provide information that bears on the tectonic history of the myriad of fault systems that have dissected the Los Angeles region over the past 15 m.y. Seven of the nine samples have U-Pb ages ranging from 115 to 103 Ma and whole-rock Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics that indicate the crystalline basement underneath the greater Los Angeles Basin region is mostly part of the Peninsular Ranges batholith. Furthermore, these data are interpreted as evidence for (1) the juxtaposition of mid-Cretaceous, northern Peninsular Ranges batholith plutonic rocks against Late Cretaceous plutonic rocks of the Transverse Ranges in the San Fernando Valley, probably along the Verdugo fault; (2) the juxtaposition of older northwestern Peninsular Ranges batholith rocks against younger northeastern Peninsular Ranges batholith rocks in the northern Puente Hills, implying transposition of northeastern Peninsular Ranges batholith rocks to the west along unrecognized faults beneath the Chino Basin; and (3) juxtaposition of northern Peninsular Ranges batholith plutonic rocks against Late Cretaceous plutonic rocks of the Transverse Ranges along the San Jose fault in the northern San Jose Hills at Ganesha Park. These mainly left-lateral strike-slip faults of the eastern part of the greater Los Angeles Basin region could be the result of block rotation within the adjacent orthogonal, right-lateral, Elsinore-Whittier fault zone to the west and the subparallel San Jacinto fault zone to the east. The San Andreas fault system is the larger, subparallel, driving force further to the east.

Geochronological, geochemical and mineralogical constraints of emplacement depth of TTG suite from the Sinassi Batholith in the Central African Fold Belt (CAFB) of northern Cameroon: Implications for tectonomagmatic evolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houketchang Bouyo, M.; Penaye, J.; Njel, U. O.; Moussango, A. P. I.; Sep, J. P. N.; Nyama, B. A.; Wassouo, W. J.; Abaté, J. M. E.; Yaya, F.; Mahamat, A.; Ye, Hao; Wu, Fei

2016-04-01

The Sinassi Batholith in the Central African Fold Belt (CAFB) of northern Cameroon represents the largest volume of plutonic rocks or granitoids massif of the Western Cameroonian Domain. It is made up dominantly of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suite and lesser granite which are locally more or less deformed, and composed of varying proportions of quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar, biotite, hornblende, sphene, magnetite, apatite and zircon. Major and trace element compositions of fifteen rock samples of granitoids (Djourdé granodiorite, Sinassi quartz diorite and orthogneisses groups) indicate that investigated rocks from the Sinassi Batholith are characterized by medium- to high-K calc-alkaline affinity and metaluminous I-type signature. In addition, their chondrite- and primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns are strongly fractionated ((La/Yb)N = 2.96-61.40) and show respectively enrichment in LREE relative to HREE and enrichment in LILE compared to HFSE with moderate to slight negative Nb-Ta, Ti and Eu anomalies consistent with a continental magmatic arc setting related to a subduction zone. Geothermobarometric calculations using hornblende-plagioclase thermometry and aluminum-in-hornblende barometry on eleven rock samples indicate that plutons from Sinassi Batholith were emplaced at average temperatures and pressures ranging between 698 and 720 °C and 4.06-5.82 kbar (Djourdé granitoids), 698-728 °C and 4.04-5.34 kbar (Sinassi granitoids) and 667-670 and 4.23-4.76 kbar (orthogneisses group) respectively. The average emplacement depths estimates for the investigated granitoids is constrained at ca 16-18 km, indicating that at least 16 km of crustal rocks of the Sinassi Batholith must have been eroded or uplifted at approximately exhumation rates of 0.08-0.10 mm/year. Regardless of their Th/U ratios, geochronological results highlight three main events characterizing the Neoproterozoic tectonomagmatic evolution within the Sinassi Batholith at the northern margin of CAFB of northern Cameroon: (1) inherited magmatic sources ranging from one group to another at ca 692, 713, 722, 746 and 772 Ma; (2) successive emplacement ages at ca 670-686 Ma (orthogneisses group), ca 661-666 Ma (synchronous emplacement of the Djourdé and Sinassi groups) and ca 644 Ma (emplacement age of eyespots quartz diorite in the Sinassi group); and (3) post-magmatic alteration or metamorphism at ca 600 Ma. Correlations with the neighboring Mayo Kebbi Batholith in southwestern Chad show geochemical and geochronological similarities, demonstrating that the Sinassi and Mayo Kebbi granitoids beyond political boundaries are parts of a unique Sinassi-Mayo Kebbi Batholith witnessing a Neoproterozoic subduction-related continental magmatic arc setting of Andean-type.

The Contribution of Stuart Hall to Analyzing Educational Policy and Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gandin, Luis Armando

2015-01-01

This article focuses on the contribution of Stuart Hall to the study of educational policy and reform, using the experience of the Citizen School initiative in Porto Alegre, Brazil as a concrete example. This experience was a participatory educational reform implemented during the 16 years of the Workers' Party tenure in Porto Alegre's municipal…

A Typology of Maritally Violent Men and Correlates of Violence in a Community Sample.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delsol, Catherine; Margolin, Gyala; John, Richard S.

2003-01-01

Tests A. Holtzworth-Munroe and G. L. Stuart's (1994) typology of male batterers in a community sample. Analyses based on severity of physical aggression, generality of violence, and psychopathology partially replicated the Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart typology by identifying 3 types of violent men: family-only, medium-violence, and generally…

33 CFR 110.73c. - Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie..., St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL. The following is a special anchorage area: Beginning on the Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway between mile marker 7 and 8 on the St. Lucie River, bounded by a line beginning at 27°12...

33 CFR 117.317 - Okeechobee Waterway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...) bridge, mile 3.4 at Stuart. The draw shall open on signal; except that from December 1 through May 1... hour. Exempt vessels shall be passed at any time. (c) Florida East Coast Railroad bridge, mile 7.4 at... and the lights return to flashing green. (d) Roosevelt (US1) bridge, mile 7.4 at Stuart. The draw...

33 CFR 117.317 - Okeechobee Waterway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) bridge, mile 3.4 at Stuart. The draw shall open on signal; except that from December 1 through May 1... hour. Exempt vessels shall be passed at any time. (c) Florida East Coast Railroad bridge, mile 7.4 at... and the lights return to flashing green. (d) Roosevelt (US1) bridge, mile 7.4 at Stuart. The draw...

33 CFR 117.317 - Okeechobee Waterway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...) bridge, mile 3.4 at Stuart. The draw shall open on signal; except that from December 1 through May 1... hour. Exempt vessels shall be passed at any time. (c) Florida East Coast Railroad bridge, mile 7.4 at... and the lights return to flashing green. (d) Roosevelt (US1) bridge, mile 7.4 at Stuart. The draw...

33 CFR 117.317 - Okeechobee Waterway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...) bridge, mile 3.4 at Stuart. The draw shall open on signal; except that from December 1 through May 1... hour. Exempt vessels shall be passed at any time. (c) Florida East Coast Railroad bridge, mile 7.4 at... and the lights return to flashing green. (d) Roosevelt (US1) bridge, mile 7.4 at Stuart. The draw...

The Ackley City Batholith, southeastern Newfoundland: Evidence for crystal versus liquid-state fractionation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Whalen, J. B.

1983-08-01

The 345 ± 10 Ma old composite Ackley City Batholith of southeastern Newfoundland, consists largely of very felsic K-feldspar megacrystic granite and alaskite. Spatially related to the southeast contact of the alaskite are younger aplites and pegmatite, intrusive phases which are interpreted to be pan of a tilted, high level roof zone complex to the batholith. The compositions of the alaskite and roof zone complex define major and trace element gradients similar to those in voluminous high-silica eruptive suites; i.e., the alaskite is more chemically evolved (higher in Rb, lower in Ca, Fe, Mn, Ti, P, Sr, Ba and LREE) toward the roof. Apparently these chemical gradients in the batholith are restricted to the top 2 to 3 kms of the former magma chamber. Fractional crystallization is a plausible process for generating the chemical dispersion in the granites, although very high feldspar partition coefficients for Ba, Sr and Eu are required to generate the observed chemical gradients by a reasonable degree of fractional crystallization. Restriction of crystal fractionation to near the roof of the batholith may reflect a decreased viscosity which would facilitate crystal-liquid separation by processes such as filter pressing, flow differentiation or convective fractionation. The chemical gradients in these granites closely resemble those attributed in high-silica volcanics to the process of thermogravitational diffusion (TGD). Compositional gradients in the upper portion of a magma chamber are consistent with the TGD model. This model, although still poorly understood, is, like fractional crystallization, a plausible mechanism to generate the chemical features of the Ackley City granites.

Paleozoic Assemblage of the Northern Sierra Terrane: New Geochronology And Geochemical Data From the Stitching Late Devonian - Early Carboniferous Bowman Lake Batholith, and Associated Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Powerman, V.; Hanson, R. E.; Girty, G.; Tretiakov, A.

2016-12-01

Previous study (Grove et al., 2008) of detrital zircon ages and the timing of magmatism within the Northern Sierra terrane (NST) suggest that it is exotic relative to western Laurentia, and link it to the Paleozoic Arctic Realm, Baltica and Caledonides. NST is a composite terrane in the North America Cordillera, consisting of four distinct allochthons, thrusted upon each other. As a first step towards the understanding of the origin and tectonic development of the NST we have undertaken the SHRIMP-RG U-Pb zircon dating of the rocks from granites, granodiorites, trondhjemites, tonalites and hypabyssal intrusions, composing the Bowman Lake batholith. The batholith stitches the allochthons of the NST and its crystallization age signifies the timing of juxtaposition SHRIMP-RG analyses from 14 samples yielded an age range of ca. 352-369 Ma, which overlaps the Devonian-Mississipian boundary and constrains the minimum age for amalgamation. Additionally, we have acquired multiple XRF data, favoring the island arc provenance of the Bowman Lake batholith Batholith. Previously proposed ties between NST and Robert Mountains allochthon seem unlikely because the latter was accreted onto the western miogeocline of Laurentia during the Late Dev.-Early Miss. while the NST was most probably still situated within the Arctic Realm. This work has been supported by the grant #14.Z50.31.0017 of the Government of the Russian Federation and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant #15-55-10055. We are grateful to Stanford-USGS SHRIMP-RG center, and personally to Marty Grove and Elizabeth Miller.

Petrogenesis of the granitic Donkerhuk batholith in the Damara Belt of Namibia: protracted, syntectonic, short-range, crustal magma transfer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clemens, J. D.; Buick, I. S.; Kisters, A. F. M.; Frei, D.

2017-07-01

The areally extensive (>5000 km2), syn-tectonic, ca. 520 Ma, mainly S-type Donkerhuk batholith was constructed through injection of thousands of mainly sheet-like magma pulses over 20-25 Myr. It intruded schists of the Southern Zone accretionary prism in the Damara Belt of Namibia. Each magma pulse had at least partly crystallised prior to the arrival of the following batch. However, much of the batholith may have remained partially molten for long periods, close to the H2O-saturated granite solidus. The batholith shows extreme variation in chemistry, while having limited mineralogical variation, and seems to be the world's most heterogeneous granitic mass. The Nd model ages of 2 Ga suggest that Eburnean rocks of the former magmatic arc, structurally overlain by the accretionary wedge, are the most probable magma sources. Crustal melting was initiated by mantle heat flux, probably introduced by thermal diffusion rather than magma advection. The granitic magmas were transferred from source to sink, with minimal intermediate storage; the whole process having occurred in the middle crust, resulting in feeble crustal differentiation despite the huge volume of silicic magma generated. Source heterogeneity controlled variation in the magmas and neither mixing nor fractionation was prominent. However, due to the transpressional emplacement régime, local filter pressing formed highly silicic liquids, as well as felsic cumulate rocks. The case of the Donkerhuk batholith demonstrates that emplacement-level tectonics can significantly influence compositional evolution of very large syn-tectonic magma bodies.

Geochemistry and field geology of shoshonitic magmas in the Late Cretaceous foreland fold and thrust belt of southwestern Montana: Results from the North Doherty Mountain Intrusive Complex

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beranek, L. P.; Burton, B. R.; Ihinger, P. D.

2002-12-01

The North Doherty Mountain Intrusive Complex (NDMIC) is one of several satellite plutons related to the areally extensive Boulder batholith of southwestern Montana. The Boulder batholith comprises multiple plutons and intrusive phases, and the magmatism has long been thought to be the result of subduction due to its calc-alkaline granodioritic composition. The batholith is situated in the Helena salient, which differs from other parts of the North American Cordilleran foreland because there, magmatism spatially and temporally overlaps with deformation in the foreland fold and thrust belt. The North Doherty Mountain Intrusive Complex (NDMIC) is one of several satellite plutons related to the Boulder batholith and represents an ideal microcosm of the batholith for petrogenetic and structural studies because it exposes both mafic and felsic units and was emplaced in the limb of a major thrust related fold. We present new geologic mapping and detailed trace element geochemical analyses to show that the entire mafic-to-felsic suite of rocks in the NDMIC are cogenetic and shoshonitic in character. Shoshonites are unusual magmas that are distinguished by their high concentrations of K, Rb, Sr, Ba, Zr, and Th contents, and are thought to represent partial melting at great depths within the mantle wedge above a subducting slab. The presence of shoshonitic magma in the Cordilleran foreland fold and thrust belt provides important clues into the nature of the formation of this unusual magma type and can provide insights into our understanding of magmatism in foreland structural settings.

Stuart Hall and the Theory and Practice of Articulation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, John

2015-01-01

In this article, I argue that the idea of articulation links three different dimensions of Stuart Hall's work: it is central to the work of cultural politics, to the work of hegemony and to his practice of embodied pedagogy. I claim that his approach to pedagogy entails the art of listening combined with the practice of theorising in the service…

Discovering the Importance of Play through Personal Histories and Brain Images: An Interview with Stuart L. Brown

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Journal of Play, 2009

2009-01-01

Stuart L. Brown is founder of the National Institute for Play, a California-based, not-for-profit organization dedicated to the notion that play can help transform the lives of individuals, families, schools, and organizations. Trained in general and internal medicine, psychiatry, and clinical research, Brown was a physician in the United States…

John Stuart Mill, Harriet Taylor, and Women's Rights in America, 1850-1873.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pugh, Evelyn L.

1978-01-01

Examines John Stuart Mill's writings on women with respect to their reception in and their application to the American scene from 1850 to the 1870s. Concludes that the implications were accepted by a significant portion of American society in the 1970s, a full century after Mill's publication. Journal availability: see SO 507 179. (Author/DB)

Human Nature and the Development of Character: The Clash of Descriptive and Normative Elements in John Stuart Mill's Educational Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Peter J.; Kim, Ki Su

1988-01-01

Discusses John Stuart Mill's belief in the development of character as a solution to social problems and a worthy educational ideal. Concludes that Mill's belief in education's power to perfect human nature through character development could not be realized within the framework of his anthropological views of human kind. (DMM)

Termination of the Batholiths marine seismic experiment: the scientific method loses to hearsay

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hollister, L. S.

2007-12-01

The marine seismic component of the NSF-Continental Dynamics funded project Batholiths was terminated by Canadian authorities due to environmental concerns. Socioeconomic benefits of the project were not taken into account, nor were findings by the National Research Council on effects of ocean noise on marine mammal populations. The marine seismic component of Batholiths was to have been done using sound from airguns towed behind the R/V Langseth in order to seismically image the geologic structures below the Coast Mountains of British Columbia. The project was nearly identical in timing, location, and scope to the ACCRETE project, which was successfully permitted and done in the early fall of 1994, with no detected or known damage to the environment. However, what changed in the last 13 years was a dramatic increase of concern by eNGOs (environmental non- government organizations) that airguns produced sound that might be harmful to marine species, marine mammals in particular. The marine noise concerns were amplified by eNGO agendas and campaigns to prevent oil exploration along continental margins and to shut down naval exercises involving sonar to detect submarines. Compared to these agendas, Batholiths was an easy target because the PIs (Principal Investigators) did not have the manpower or financial or legal resources (in contrast to the Navy and oil companies) to push back against an organized campaign set on stopping Batholiths. The main concern used to mobilize public opinion against Batholiths was that, if we were permitted, then oil exploration in the nearby region would be permitted; and, if oil were found, drilling would proceed: the slippery slope argument. Thus, by stopping Batholiths with the speculation that airgun noise, as used in a marine seismic study, might damage marine life, the eNGOs believe they have stopped oil exploration in British Columbia coastal waters. It is widely recognized that everything was done right to get the permits for Batholiths; we now know that it is a near impossibility to get this type of research permitted. The eNGOs have their "victory," but a consequence of this victory is the loss of use of marine seismic techniques in coastal waters. These techniques are used to evaluate earthquake hazards, to increase knowledge of past climate changes, and to understand the origin and evolution of Earth's crust. Those who have witnessed the time and effort my colleagues and I have put in to try and get Batholiths permitted will not want to go down this road. University-based scientists have other things to do that give more dependable returns for our students and for the future of our disciplines. In order to get permits, PIs who attract funding for their projects need organized, proactive, and skilled support from the granting agencies. This is necessary if controlled source marine seismology is to continue as a research tool. We need to have the socioeconomic benefits of this type of research spelled out in a way that PIs can use for the permitting process and that the public can understand. The risks for not doing the research need be weighed against the environmental risks in doing the research; in most cases, the latter risks are small to negligible compared to the losses due to the interruption of basic research.

Thermochronologic constraints on mylonite and detachment fault development, Kettle Highlands, northeastern Washington and southern British Columbia

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Berger, B.R.; Snee, L.W.

1992-01-01

The Kettle dome, northeastern Washington and southern British Columbia, is one of several large metamorphic core complexes in the region. New Ar-40/Ar-39 cooling dates from the mylonite immediately beneath the Kettle River detachment fault at Barney's Junction, a cross-cutting mafic dike, and the youngest Eocene lavas in the Republic graben set constraints on kinematic models of the tectonic evolution of the dome and related grabens: Amphibolite--hornblende (59.0 [+-] 0.2); Pegmatite--muscovite (49.3 [+-] 0.2); Pegmatite--K-feldspar (49.2 [+-] 1); Augen gneiss--K-feldspar (48.0 [+-] 1); Mafic dike--hornblende (54.5 [+-] 0.1) and biotite (49.6 [+-] 0.1); Klondike Mt. Formation lava--feeder dike (48.8 [+-] 1).more » The authors interpret the dates to indicate that the tectonized amphibolite, part of a Cretaceous and older metamorphosed terrane, had formed and cooled to [approx] 500 C by Late Paleocene, the mylonite zone was being domed above the ductile zone by Early Eocene at the time of emplacement of the dike--temporally equivalent to the Keller Butte suite, Eocene Colville batholith--which crosscuts the mylonite, and incipient rifting was occurring in the Republic graben as evidenced by dike swarms. The mylonite complex reached 300 C by 49Ma coincident with the termination of Sanpoil volcanism, and then cooled rapidly to near or below 150 C by 48 Ma. At about this time, mafic Klondike Mt. lavas mark the termination of Republic graben rifting and possibly detachment faulting along the Kettle River fault.« less

The geology and mineral deposits of part of the western half of the Hailey 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, Idaho; with sections on the Neal mining district and the Dixie mining district

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bennett, Earl H.

2001-01-01

Rocks in the western half of the Hailey 1 ?? 2 ? quadrangle of south-central Idaho include various units of the Atlanta lobe of the Idaho batholith (biotite granodiorite to two-mica granite) of Cretaceous age and plutons and dikes of Tertiary (Eocene to Miocene) age that intrude the batholith. Eocene plutonic rocks consist of a bimodal suite of anorogenic granite and tonalite-granodiorite and hypabyssal rhyolite and rhyodacite dikes. Rocks of the Eocene Challis Volcanics are scarce in the map area but are widespread to the east. Rhyolite ash flows of the Miocene Idavada Volcanics and basalt of the Snake River Plain crop out in the southern part of the area. Lacustrine rocks of probable Eocene to Holocene age are present in the vicinity of Anderson Ranch Reservoir. Quaternary basalts and gravels are widespread on the South Fork of the Boise River, and alluvial deposits are common along active drainages. Metasedimentary rocks of unknown age crop out on House Mountain, Chimney Peak, and on the ridges east of Anderson Ranch Reservoir. Older structures in the Idaho batholith include a major fault beneath House Mountain that may be a decollement for one of the large thrust sheets in eastern Idaho or part of an extensional core complex. The southern part of the Atlanta lobe of the Idaho batholith is cut by northeast-striking faults (parallel with the Trans-Challis fault system) that are related to Eocene extension and by northwest-oriented faults that formed during basin and range extension in the Miocene. The basin and range faults have prominent scarps typical of basin and range topography. The combination of northeast and northwest faults has broken the batholith into a series of rhomboid blocks. Some of these northeast and northwest faults are older structures that were reactivated in the Eocene or Miocene, as indicated by Ar 40 /Ar 39 dates on mineralized rock contained in some of the structures. The Idaho batholith and associated rocks in the map area host several hundred mines and prospects in 18 mining districts. The deposits range in age from Cretaceous to Eocene, and many were developed for precious metals. Most of the deposits are in quartz veins in shear zones in granitic rocks of the batholith. Several districts were actively being explored for low-grade, bulk-minable, precious-metal deposits in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

Granite Exfoliation, Cosumnes River Watershed, Somerset, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crockett, I. Q.; Neiss-Cortez, M.

2015-12-01

In the Sierra Nevada foothills of California there are many exposed granite plutons within the greater Sierra Nevada batholith. As with most exposed parts of the batholith, these granite slabs exfoliate. It is important to understand exfoliation for issues of public safety as it can cause rock slides near homes, roads, and recreation areas. Through observation, measuring, and mapping we characterize exfoliation in our Cosumnes River watershed community.

A risk analysis approach for using discriminant functions to manage logging-related landslides on granitic terrain

Treesearch

Raymond M. Rice; Norman H. Pillsbury; Kurt W. Schmidt

1985-01-01

Abstract - A linear discriminant function, developed to predict debris avalanches after clearcut logging on a granitic batholith in northwestern California, was tested on data from two batholiths. The equation was inaccurate in predicting slope stability on one of them. A new equation based on slope, crown cover, and distance from a stream (retained from the original...

Control of Precambrian basement deformation zones on emplacement of the Laramide Boulder batholith and Butte mining district, Montana, United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Berger, Byron R.; Hildenbrand, Thomas G.; O'Neill, J. Michael

2011-01-01

What are the roles of deep Precambrian basement deformation zones in the localization of subsequent shallow-crustal deformation zones and magmas? The Paleoproterozoic Great Falls tectonic zone and its included Boulder batholith (Montana, United States) provide an opportunity to examine the importance of inherited deformation fabrics in batholith emplacement and the localization of magmatic-hydrothermal mineral deposits. Northeast-trending deformation fabrics predominate in the Great Falls tectonic zone, which formed during the suturing of Paleoproterozoic and Archean cratonic masses approximately 1,800 mega-annum (Ma). Subsequent Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic deformation fabrics trend northwest. Following Paleozoic through Early Cretaceous sedimentation, a Late Cretaceous fold-and-thrust belt with associated strike-slip faulting developed across the region, wherein some Proterozoic faults localized thrust faulting, while others were reactivated as strike-slip faults. The 81- to 76-Ma Boulder batholith was emplaced along the reactivated central Paleoproterozoic suture in the Great Falls tectonic zone. Early-stage Boulder batholith plutons were emplaced concurrent with east-directed thrust faulting and localized primarily by northwest-trending strike-slip and related faults. The late-stage Butte Quartz Monzonite pluton was localized in a northeast-trending pull-apart structure that formed behind the active thrust front and is axially symmetric across the underlying northeast-striking Paleoproterozoic fault zone, interpreted as a crustal suture. The modeling of potential-field geophysical data indicates that pull-apart?stage magmas fed into the structure through two funnel-shaped zones beneath the batholith. Renewed magmatic activity in the southern feeder from 66 to 64 Ma led to the formation of two small porphyry-style copper-molybdenum deposits and ensuing world-class polymetallic copper- and silver-bearing veins in the Butte mining district. Vein orientations parallel joints in the Butte Quartz Monzonite that, in turn, mimic Precambrian deformation fabrics found outside the district. The faults controlling the Butte veins are interpreted to have formed through activation under shear of preexisting northeast-striking joints as master faults from which splay faults formed along generally east-west and northwest joint plane orientations.

78 FR 18475 - Special Local Regulations; Stuart Sailfish Regatta, Indian River; Stuart, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-27

... Cove that are encompassed within an imaginary line connecting the following points: Starting at Point 1 in position 27[deg]12'46'' N, 80[deg]11'10'' W; thence southeast to Point 2 in position 27[deg]12'41'' N, 80[deg]11'09'' W; thence southwest to Point 3 in position 27[deg]12'37'' N, 80[deg]11'11'' W...

78 FR 1792 - Special Local Regulations, Stuart Sailfish Regatta, Indian River; Stuart, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-09

... that are encompassed within an imaginary line connecting the following points: starting at Point 1 in position 27[deg]12'46'' N, 80[deg]11'09'' W; thence southeast to Point 2 in position 27[deg]12'41'' N, 80[deg]11'08'' W; thence southwest to Point 3 in position 27[deg]12'37'' N, 80[deg]11'11'' W; thence...

An Ode to Stuart Hall's "The Supply of Demand": The Case of Post-Secondary Education in Ontario Fifty Years Later

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

FitzGerald Murphy, Maggie

2016-01-01

Despite the fact that over fifty years have passed since its publication, Stuart Hall's article "The Supply of Demand" (1960), is remarkably relevant today. The central message that society must not be blinded by "prosperity" such that it no longer envisions and demands a better world is especially pertinent in light of the…

Stuart Hall on Racism and the Importance of Diasporic Thinking

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rizvi, Fazal

2015-01-01

In this article, I want to show how my initial encounter with the work of Stuart Hall was grounded in my reading of the later philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein, and was shaped by my interest in understanding the nature of racism across the three countries in which I had lived. Over the years, Hall's various writings have helped me to make sense of…

Hells Canyon to the Bitterroot front: A transect from the accretionary margin eastward across the Idaho batholith

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lewis, Reed S.; Smith, Keegan L.; Gaschnig, Richard M.; LaMaskin, Todd A.; Lund, Karen; Gray, Keith D.; Tikoff, Basil; Stetson-Lee, Tor; Moore, Nicholas

2014-01-01

This field guide covers geology across north-central Idaho from the Snake River in the west across the Bitterroot Mountains to the east to near Missoula, Montana. The regional geology includes a much-modified Mesozoic accretionary boundary along the western side of Idaho across which allochthonous Permian to Cretaceous arc complexes of the Blue Mountains province to the west are juxtaposed against autochthonous Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic North American metasedimentary assemblages intruded by Cretaceous and Paleogene plutons to the east. The accretionary boundary turns sharply near Orofino, Idaho, from north-trending in the south to west-trending, forming the Syringa embayment, then disappears westward under Miocene cover rocks of the Columbia River Basalt Group. The Coolwater culmination east of the Syringa embayment exposes allochthonous rocks well east of an ideal steep suture. North and east of it is the Bitterroot lobe of the Idaho batholith, which intruded Precambrian continental crust in the Cretaceous and Paleocene to form one of the classical North American Cordilleran batholiths. Eocene Challis plutons, products of the Tertiary western U.S. ignimbrite flare-up, intrude those batholith rocks. This guide describes the geology in three separate road logs: (1) The Wallowa terrane of the Blue Mountains province from White Bird, Idaho, west into Hells Canyon and faults that complicate the story; (2) the Mesozoic accretionary boundary from White Bird to the South Fork Clearwater River east of Grangeville and then north to Kooskia, Idaho; and (3) the bend in the accretionary boundary, the Coolwater culmination, and the Bitterroot lobe of the Idaho batholith along Highway 12 east from near Lewiston, Idaho, to Lolo, Montana.

U-Pb zircon geochronology of plutonism in the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith, southern California: Implications for the Late Cretaceous tectonic evolution of southern California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Premo, Wayne R.; Morton, Douglas M.; Wooden, Joseph L.; Fanning, C. Mark

2014-01-01

Utilizing both sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) and conventional isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) methods, crystallization and/or emplacement ages have been obtained for a suite of Cretaceous intermediate-composition plutonic samples collected along a roughly E-W–trending traverse through the northern Peninsular Ranges batholith. Previously noted petrologic, mineralogic, and textural differences delineated four major zonations from west to east and raised the need for detailed geochemical and isotopic work. U-Pb zircon geochronology establishes that these zonations are essentially temporally separate. Mean 206Pb/238U ages date the three older zones from west to east at 126–107 Ma, 107–98 Ma, and 98–91 Ma. Despite petrologic differences, a relatively smooth progression of magmatism is seen from west to east. A fourth zone is defined by magmatism at ca. 85 Ma, which represents emplacement of deeper-level plutons east of the Eastern Peninsular Ranges mylonite zone in an allochthonous thrust sheet in the northeastern Peninsular Ranges batholith.The age data presented here differ slightly from those presented in earlier work for similar rocks exposed across the middle and southern portions of the Peninsular Ranges batholith in that our data define a relatively smooth progression of magmatism from west to east, and that the transition from western-type to eastern-type plutonism is interpreted to have occurred at ca. 98 Ma and not at ca. 105 Ma.The progressive involvement of older crustal components in the enrichment of eastern Peninsular Ranges batholith–type magma sources is documented by the occurrence of Proterozoic zircon inheritance within samples of the eastern part of the batholith.

Pluton emplacement and magmatic arc construction: A model from the Patagonian batholith

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bruce, Robert; Nelson, Eric; Weaver, Stephen

1988-01-01

A model of batholithic construction in Andean arcs and its applicability to possibly similar environments in the past is described. Age and compositional data from the Patagonian batholith of southern Chile show a long history of magmatism in any given area (total age range is 15 to 157 Ma), but different regions appear to have different magmatic starting ages. Furthermore, mafic rocks seem to be the oldest components of any given region. An assembly line model involving semicontinuous magmatism and uplift was outlined, which has implications for other terranes: uplift rates will be proportional to observed ranges in age, and total uplift will be proportional to the age of the oldest pluton in any given area. It is suggested that misleading results would be obtained if only small areas of similar terranes in the Archean were available for study.

Oligocene-Miocene burial and exhumation of the southernmost Gangdese mountains from sedimentary and thermochronological evidence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ge, Yukui; Li, Yalin; Wang, Xiaonan; Qian, Xinyu; Zhang, Jiawei; Zhou, Aorigele; Liu-Zeng, Jing

2018-01-01

The Kailas conglomerates crop out ubiquitously along the southernmost boundary of the Gangdese batholith. They unconformably overlie the Gangdese batholith and are displaced by the Great Counter thrust (GCT) fault, forming a fault contact with the Xigaze forearc basin, the associated subduction complex and the Tethyan Himalayan sequence. These strata furnish a record of uplift and paleoenvironmental change in the Indus-Yarlung suture zone during the Oligocene-Miocene. Our new and previously published low-temperature thermochronometric data from the Gangdese batholith and the Kailas conglomerates indicate a period of rapid exhumation beginning approximately 17-15 Ma centered on the southern margin of the Gangdese batholith, whereas regional uplift commenced significantly earlier during the deposition of the Kailas conglomerates, based on the presence of an abrupt facies transition from deep-water lacustrine deposits to red alluvial fan or fluvial deposits. The period of rapid exhumation probably lagged behind the initiation of faster uplift, while the related changes in the depositional environment were most likely recorded immediately in the basin stratigraphy. Subsequently, the Kailas conglomerates were buried in association with the development of the north-directed Great Counter thrust, while rapid exhumation was facilitated by efficient incision by the paleo-Yarlung river at approximately 17-15 Ma.

Parameters of thermochemical plumes responsible for the formation of batholiths: Results of experimental simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirdyashkin, A. A.; Kirdyashkin, A. G.; Gurov, V. V.

2017-07-01

Based on laboratory and theoretical modeling results, we present the thermal and hydrodynamical structure of the plume conduit during plume ascent and eruption on the Earth's surface. The modeling results show that a mushroom-shaped plume head forms after melt eruption on the surface for 1.9 < Ka < 10. Such plumes can be responsible for the formation of large intrusive bodies, including batholiths. The results of laboratory modeling of plumes with mushroom-shaped heads are presented for Ka = 8.7 for a constant viscosity and uniform melt composition. Images of flow patterns are obtained, as well as flow velocity profiles in the melt of the conduit and the head of the model plume. Based on the laboratory modeling data, we present a scheme of a thermochemical plume with a mushroom-shaped head responsible for the formation of a large intrusive body (batholith). After plume eruption to the surface, melting occurs along the base of the massif above the plume head, resulting in a mushroom-shaped plume head. A possible mechanism for the formation of localized surface manifestations of batholiths is presented. The parameters of some plumes with mushroom-shaped heads (plumes of the Altay-Sayan and Barguzin-Vitim large-igneous provinces, and Khangai and Khentei plumes) are estimated using geological data, including age intervals and volumes of magma melts.

Experimental and geochemical evidence for derivation of the El Capitan Granite, California, by partial melting of hydrous gabbroic lower crust

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ratajeski, K.; Sisson, T.W.; Glazner, A.F.

2005-01-01

Partial melting of mafic intrusions recently emplaced into the lower crust can produce voluminous silicic magmas with isotopic ratios similar to their mafic sources. Low-temperature (825 and 850??C) partial melts synthesized at 700 MPa in biotite-hornblende gabbros from the central Sierra Nevada batholith (Sisson et al. in Contrib Mineral Petrol 148:635-661, 2005) have major-element and modeled trace-element (REE, Rb, Ba, Sr, Th, U) compositions matching those of the Cretaceous El Capitan Granite, a prominent granite and silicic granodiorite pluton in the central part of the Sierra Nevada batholith (Yosemite, CA, USA) locally mingled with coeval, isotopically similar quartz diorite through gabbro intrusions (Ratajeski et al. in Geol Soc Am Bull 113:1486-1502, 2001). These results are evidence that the El Capitan Granite, and perhaps similar intrusions in the Sierra Nevada batholith with lithospheric-mantle-like isotopic values, were extracted from LILE-enriched, hydrous (hornblende-bearing) gabbroic rocks in the Sierran lower crust. Granitic partial melts derived by this process may also be silicic end members for mixing events leading to large-volume intermediate composition Sierran plutons such as the Cretaceous Lamarck Granodiorite. Voluminous gabbroic residues of partial melting may be lost to the mantle by their conversion to garnet-pyroxene assemblages during batholithic magmatic crustal thickening. ?? Springer-Verlag 2005.

Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance: Mission Command and Centralized Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-10

short stint in Texas, Stuart reported to Fort Leavenworth, where he began his career as a cavalryman and found himself confronted with the torrent of...found themselves back at the War Department in a meeting with Secretary Floyd and President James Buchanan.50 The Secretary of War placed Lee in command...and Aldie. Those fights were tactical victories for the Union cavalry and Stuart had lost 500 men , but his cavalry had served its operational

The Evolution of the Security Order in Europe: Importance of Multinational Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-25

facto-- prevented the economic self - sufficiency of the republics.1 Therefore, it would have been necessary to agree some form of common market and...Defense Identity", Survival (July/August 1991), 336. 32 Douglas T. Stuart, "Can NATO Trascend Its Europeans Borders? NATO Out of Area Disputes", Strategic...Overaio (Novembre 1990): 1-18. Stuart, Douglas T. "Can NATO Trascend Its European Borders?." Strateoic Studies Institute (USAWC): 1-21. 48 Taylor

Petrography and Geochemistry of the Zamora Batholith in the south of the sub-Andean zone (Ecuador)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Villares, F. M.

2013-05-01

The Zamora Batholith is an intrusive complex that is located in the extreme south-east of Ecuador. It has dimensions of 200 x 50 km approximately. It is mainly located in the Zamora Chinchipe province from which it takes its name. This study consisted in the petrographic and geochemical characterization of the Zamora Batholith in the area covered by 1: 50,000 geological maps of Centro Shaime, Guayzimi, Paquisha, Los Encuentros and El Pangui. Fieldwork was done by the "Proyecto Mapeo Geológico escala 1:50.000 (zonas prospectivas mineras)" of the Instituto Nacional de Investigación Geológico, Minero, Metalúrgico of Ecuador. This research was performed with 59 thin sections and 10 whole - rock chemical analysis done in the C.I.C of the Granada University. The Zamora Batholith intrudes Triassic to Jurassic volcanic rocks. It is overlaid by sandstones of the Hollin Formation of the Upper Aptian age and shale and limestone from the Napo Formation. Post-cretaceous deposits of ash and lava flows of andesitic to rhyolitic compositions cover the batholith. The petrography of the Zamora Batholith ranges from tonalite to monzogranite with the same qualitative mineralogy. The rocks are composed by different proportions of plagioclase, amphibole, feldspar K, quartz, biotite, opaque, pyroxene and epidote, as accessory minerals has zircon, sphene and apatite. To the south of the Conguime and Guayzimi towns, the dominant petrography is medium to coarse grained amphibole granodiorite with tonalitic and monzogranitic subordinates. To the north monzogranites are dominant rocks and subordinate granodiorites. To the East of Santa Elena the sienogranites are associated with El Hito porphyritic granite that intrudes to Zamora Batholith. Frequently the batholith has propylitic alteration; which produces a primary association of chlorite, epidote, calcite and pyrite. The granitoids have dioritic to granitic compositions (60.09 to 73.6 wt.% SiO2) and are I - type, medium to high-K calc-alkaline. They have affinities slightly peraluminous (ASI = 1,00 to 1,16). CaO is moderate to high (CaO ≈ 3.58), the alkalis have averaged of Na2O≈3,09 and K2O≈3,28. The concentrations of Na2O/K2O are moderate ranging between 0.7 and 1.7, with an average value of 1.04. The contents of Ba and Sr are moderate. The content of Zr is low (61 to 161 ppm). The multi-element diagrams normalized to chondritic values and to primitive mantle show Nb and Ta negative anomaly. Considering the multi-element diagrams, the rocks are slightly enriched in LILE (Large Ion-Lithophile-elements) mainly in Rb, Cs and Ba and slight positive anomalies in K and Sr, other incompatible elements have negative anomalies such as HFSE ( High Field Strength Elements) Ti, Nb, Ta. The values of (Eu/Eu*)N are in the range of 0.54 to 1.03. (Eu* = (SmN*GdN)1/2). Correlations between major element and silica, and relationships between trace elements indicate that fractional crystallization is a dominant process in the magma evolution. Most granitoids are also slightly peraluminous; but we believe this characteristic is due to rock alteration. The Zamora Batolith is a plutonic complex generated within a magmatic arc in normal conditions of maturity.

Granitoid formation is ineffective in isotopically homogenizing continental crust: Evidence from archean rocks of the Wind River Mountains, Wyoming

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Frost, C.D.; Hulsebosch, T.P.; Chamberlain, K.R.

1992-01-01

The Archean core of the Laramide Wind River uplift records evidence of at least three major granitoid-forming episodes. The oldest, the Dry Creek gneiss (DCG), was emplaced by 2.8 Ga and occupies the northeastern part of the range. Mafic, pelitic and ultramafic inclusions occur in the DCG. Elsewhere in the Wind River Mountains there is evidence for crustal components as old as 3.8 Ga. The Bridger batholith (BB), intruded at 2.67 Ga, is found in the west-central Wind River Mountains. The Wind River batholith (WRB) refers to the youngest Late Archean granodiorites and granites which are found throughout the rangemore » and includes granitoids previously name the Louis Lake, Bears Ears, Popo Agie, and Middle Mountain intrusions. Although granitoids of the Wind River batholith have been dated at 2.63 and 2.55 Ga, they are considered together here because there is a complete gradation in rock type and because definite intrusive contacts are scarce. The DCG, BB, and WRB each span the metaluminous/peraluminous boundary and are indistinguishable on Harker diagrams. Each has variable trace element and isotopic characteristics which do not correlate with silica content. Although the isotopic characteristics of these granitoids may be explained by mixing of variable amounts of preexisting continental crust and contemporary depleted mantle, this hypothesis is difficult to reconcile with the evolved nature of even those samples with the most mantle-like isotopic signatures. The authors suggest that each of these granitoid batholiths was formed primarily by remelting of pre-existing heterogeneous continental crust, and that the granite-forming process was not effective in obliterating these trace element and isotopic heterogeneities. Isotopic homogeneity in granitoid batholiths may reflect the isotopic homogeneity of their sources rather than an effective magmatic mixing process.« less

Evolution of silicic magma in the upper crust: the mid-Tertiary Latir volcanic field and its cogenetic granitic batholith, northern New Mexico, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lipman, P.W.

1988-01-01

Structural and topographic relief along the eastern margin of the Rio Grande rift, northern New Mexico, provides a remarkable cross-section through the 26-Ma Questa caldera and cogenetic volcanic and plutonic rocks of the Latir field. Exposed levels increase in depth from mid-Tertiary depositional surfaces in northern parts of the igneous complex to plutonic rocks originally at 3-5 km depths in the S. Erosional remnants of an ash-flow sheet of weakly peralkaline rhyolite (Amalia Tuff) and andesitic to dactitic precursor lavas, disrupted by rift-related faults, are preserved as far as 45 km beyond their sources at the Questa caldera. Broadly comagmatic 26 Ma batholithic granitic rocks, exposed over an area of 20 by 35 km, range from mesozonal granodiorite to epizonal porphyritic granite and aplite; shallower and more silicic phases are mostly within the caldera. Compositionally and texturally distinct granites defined resurgent intrusions within the caldera and discontinuous ring dikes along its margins: a batholithic mass of granodiorite extends 20 km S of the caldera and locally grades vertically to granite below its flat-lying roof. A negative Bouguer gravity anomaly (15-20 mgal), which encloses exposed granitic rocks and coincides with boundaries of the Questa caldera, defined boundaries of the shallow batholith, emplaced low in the volcanic sequence and in underlying Precambrian rocks. Paleomagnetic pole positions indicate that successively crystallised granitic plutons cooled through Curie temperatures during the time of caldera formation, initial regional extension, and rotational tilting of the volcanic rocks. Isotopic ages for most intrusions are indistinguishable from the volcanic rocks. These relations indicate that the batholithic complex broadly represents the source magma for the volcanic rocks, into which the Questa caldera collapsed, and that the magma was largely liquid during regional tectonic disruption. -from Author

Petrographic and chemical reconnaissance study of some granitic and gneissic rocks near the San Andreas fault from Bodega Head to Cajon Pass, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ross, Donald C.

1972-01-01

This petrographic and chemical study is based on reconnaissance sampling of granitic and related gneissic rock in the California Coast and Transverse Ranges. In the Coast Ranges, granitic rocks are restricted to an elongate belt, the Salinian block, between the San Andreas and Sur-Nacimiento fault zones. These rocks have a considerable compositional range, but are dominantly quartz monzonite and granodiorite. Moist of the Salinian block seems to be a structurally coherent basement block of chemically related granitic rocks. However, on both the east and the west sides of the block, gneiss crops out in abundance; these rocks may be structurally separate from the main part of the Salinian block. In the Transverse Ranges, the granitic and related rocks are dominantly of granodiorite composition, and in many areas granitic and gneissic rocks are intimately intermixed.Chemically the rocks of the California Coast and Transverse Ranges are somewhat intermediate in character between those of the east-central part of the Sierra Nevada batholith and those of the western part of the Sierra Nevada batholith and the southern California batholith. Probably the closest similarity is to the east-central Sierra Nevada rocks, but the rocks of the Coast and Transverse Ranges are somewhat higher in Al2O3 and lower in K2O than Sierran rocks of the comparable SiO2 content.Granitic basement rocks of the Salinian block are now anomalously sandwiched between Franciscan terranes. The petrographic and chemical data are compatible with the concept that the Salinian rocks were originally part of the great batholithic belt along the west coast, which is exemplified by the Sierra Nevada hatholith. It also seems most likely that the Salinian block was transported from somewhere south of the Sierra Nevada batholith by large-scale right-lateral movement along the San Andreas fault zone.

Supplementary Schooling and the Law of Unanticipated Consequences: A Review Essay of Stuart Schoenfeld's "Folk Judaism, Elite Judaism and the Role of Bar Mitzvah in the Development of the Synagogue and Jewish School in America"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aron, Isa

2010-01-01

Stuart Schoenfeld's (1987) essay "Folk Judaism, Elite Judaism and the Role of Bar Mitzvah in the Development of the Synagogue and Jewish School in America" recounts how, in the 1930s and 40s, rabbis and Jewish educators banded together to impose attendance requirements on families that wanted to celebrate their sons' b'nei mitzvah in synagogues.…

Center for Composites Manufacturing Science, Reliability and Maintainability Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-30

Sei$uk I. Gü$eri Michael T. Klein Stuart H. Munson-McGee Azar Parvizi- Majidi R. Byron Pipes Dick J. Wilkins Program Coordinators: Azar Parvizi... Majidi c87> Stuart H. Munson-McGee crc-’s») Karl V. Steiner en) 30 January 1992 92-11298 U. S. Army Research Office Approved for Public Release...microstructure-property rela- tionships for 3-D woven composites (graduate student: B. LaMattina; advisor: A. Parvizi- Majidi ). • Construction of a cure

AMI Go Home - Assessing the Realignment of U.S. Army Forces in Europe

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-03-18

a major U.S. investment.37 According to Stuart Drury of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, deploying would be much more difficult from Eastern Europe...35 Ibid, xvi. 36 Ibid,12. 37 Ibid, 29. 38 Stuart P. Drury , “The Argument Against Relocating U.S. Forces in Europe,” National Defense University...Europe in the 21st Century,” Parameters (Autumn 2004): 61. 53 Colin Powell, “A Strategy of Partnership,” Foreign Affairs (Jan/Feb 2004): 22. 54 Michael

Petrology, composition, and age of intrusive rocks associated with the Quartz Hill molybdenite deposit, southeastern Alaska.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hudson, T.; Smith, James G.; Elliott, R.L.

1979-01-01

A large porphyry molybdenum deposit (Quartz Hill deposit) was recently discovered in the heart of the Coast Range batholithic complex about 70 km E of Ketchikan, SE Alaska. Intrusive rocks associated with the mineral deposit form two composite epizonal to hypabyssal stocks and many dikes in country rocks. All observed metallization and alteration is within the Quartz Hill stock. Molybdenite forms fracture coatings and occurs in veins with quartz. Alteration is widespread and includes development of secondary quartz, pyrite, K-feldspar, biotite, white mica, chlorite, and zeolite. Field relations indicate that the stocks were emplaced after regional uplift and erosion of the Coast Range batholithic complex, and K-Ar data show that intrusion and alteration took place in late Oligocene time, about 27 to 30 Ma ago. Data from the Ketchikan quadrangle indicate that porphyry molybdenum metallization in the Coast Range batholithic complex is associated with regionally extensive but spotty, middle Tertiary or younger, felsic magmatism. -from Authors

Mineralogy and provenance of clays in miarolitic cavities of the Pikes Peak Batholith, Colorado

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kile, D.E.

2005-01-01

Clay samples from 105 cavities within miarolitic granitic pegmatites throughout the Pikes Peak batholith, in Colorado, were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Smectite (beidellite), illite, and kaolinite were found within the cavities. Calculation of crystallite-thickness distribution (CTD), mean thickness of the crystallites, and variance in crystallite thickness, as deduced from XRD patterns, allowed a determination of provenance and mode of formation for illite and smectite. Authigenic miarolitic-cavity illite and smectite show lognormal CTDs and larger mean thicknesses of crystallites than do their soil-derived counterparts; non-lognormal illite in a cavity results from mixing of cavity and soil illite. Analysis of mean thickness and thickness variance shows that crystal growth of illite is initiated by a nucleation event of short duration, followed by surface-controlled kinetics. Crystallization of the miarolitic cavity clays is presumed to occur by neoformation from hydrothermal fluids. The assessment of provenance allows a determination of regional and local distributions of clay minerals in miarolitic cavities within the Pikes Peak batholith.

Vein deposits hosted by plutonic rocks in the Croesus Stock and Hailey gold belt mineralized areas, Blaine County, Idaho

USGS Publications Warehouse

Worl, Ronald G.; Lewis, Reed S.

2001-01-01

Mineral deposits in the Croesus and Hailey gold belt mineralized areas in Blaine County, south-central Idaho, are preciousand base-metal quartz veins that are part of a family of vein deposits spatially and temporally associated with the Idaho batholith. Historic production from these veins has been mainly gold and silver. Host rocks are older border phase plutons of the Idaho batholith that are characterized by more potassium and less sodium as compared to rocks from the main body of the batholith to the west. Host structures are reverse faults that have moderate to shallow dips to the northeast and high-angle normal faults that also strike northwest. The veins are characterized by several generations of quartz and generally sparse sulfide minerals; gold is associated with late-stage comb quartz. The precious-metal ore bodies are in a series of shoots, each of which is as much as 8 ft in width, 400 ft in breadth, and 1,000 ft in pitch length.

PEOPLE IN PHYSICS: Interview with Stuart Leadstone, a winner of the Institute of Physics Teacher of Physics Awards, 1998

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dobson, Ken

1998-09-01

Stuart Leadstone was an outstanding winner in a vintage year of six secondary school teachers who gained an award for 1998. There were also four primary teachers. It is fair to say that many of these didn't know how good they were - they were just doing their `ordinary job'. If you can identify such a teacher in a school near you, ask Catherine Wilson at the Institute of Physics HQ how you can send in a nomination.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shi, H.; Parham, James F.; Simison, W. Brian

Ten new turtle taxa were described from pet trade specimens from China since the 1980s (see Fritz and Obst, 1998; Fritz and Obst, 1999; Parham et al., 2001 for a review). Specimens similar to one of these taxa, Cuora serrata Iverson and McCord, 1992 (originally Cuora galbinifrons serrata, elevated by Fritz and Obst, 1997), were shown to be hybrids of male Cuora mouhotii (Gray, 1862; formerly Pyxidea, but see Stuart and Parham, 2004) and females of Cuora galbinifrons Bourret, 1939 or Cuora bourreti Obst and Reimann, 1994 (Parham et al., 2001; and Stuart and Parham, 2004).

Opportunities Gained and Lost: J.E.B. Stuart’s Cavalry Operations in the Seven Days Campaign

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-04-07

Four Years With General Lee, (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1878), p. 41. 4Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of ...19Wailter H. Taylor, Four Years With General Lee, (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1878), p. 41 and Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the...101 v CHAPTER 1 A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF STUART As the passage from "Riding a Raid" on the preceding page suggests, there was a considerable amount

Mill and mental phenomena: critical contributions to a science of cognition.

PubMed

Bistricky, Steven L

2013-06-01

Attempts to define cognition preceded John Stuart Mill's life and continue to this day. John Stuart Mill envisioned a science of mental phenomena informed by associationism, empirical introspection, and neurophysiology, and he advanced specific ideas that still influence modern conceptions of cognition. The present article briefly reviews Mill's personal history and the times in which he lived, and it traces the evolution of ideas that have run through him to contemporary cognitive concepts. The article also highlights contemporary problems in defining cognition and supports specific criteria regarding what constitutes cognition.

Stuart Gatehouse: The International Perspective

PubMed Central

Van Tasell, Dianne J.; Levitt, Harry

2008-01-01

The international contributions of Stuart Gatehouse are reviewed in three areas: as a scientist, as an advisor to health policy makers, and as a participant in international conferences. He was able, as no other auditory scientist of his time, to bridge the gap between scientific and clinical research. His ability to apply sound scientific principles to issues of clinical importance was most apparent in his work in three main areas of his research: acclimatization to amplified speech, auditory disability and hearing aid benefit, and candidature for linear and nonlinear signal processing. PMID:18567589

Uranium-Lead Zircon Ages and Sr, Nd, and Pb Isotope Geochemistry of Selected Plutonic Rocks from Western Idaho

USGS Publications Warehouse

Unruh, Daniel M.; Lund, Karen; Kuntz, Mel A.; Snee, Lawrence W.

2008-01-01

Across the Salmon River suture in western Idaho, where allochthonous Permian to Cretaceous oceanic rocks are juxtaposed against Proterozoic North American rocks, a wide variety of plutonic rocks are exposed. Available data indicate much variation in composition, source, and structural state of these plutons. The plutonic rocks were long described as the western border zone of the Cretaceous Idaho batholith but limited pre-existing age data indicate more complicated origins. Because the affinity and age of the plutonic rocks cannot be reliably determined from field relations, TIMS U-Pb dating in conjunction with Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic studies of selected plutons across the suture in western Idaho were undertaken. The data indicate three general groups of plutons including (1) those that intruded the island arc terranes during the Triassic and Jurassic, those that intruded near the western edge of oceanic rocks along the suture in the Early Cretaceous, and the plutons of the Idaho batholith that intruded Proterozoic North American rocks in the Late Cretaceous. Plutons that intruded Proterozoic North American rocks commonly include xenocrystic zircons and in several cases, ages could not be determined. The least radiogenic Sr and most radiogenic Nd are found among the Blue Mountains superterrane island arc samples. Suture-zone plutons have isotopic characteristics that span the range between Idaho batholith and island arc samples but mostly follow island arc signatures. Plutons of the Idaho batholith have the most radiogenic initial Pb and Sr ratios and the least radiogenic Nd of the samples analyzed.

Comments on Some Phanerozoic Batholiths, Ignimbrites, f- Rhyolites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Obenholzner, J. H.

2007-05-01

Mesozoic and Paleozoic ignimbrites and tuffs might support rejuvenation of batholiths as zircon dating caused in many cases a discrepancy between the inferred eruption age derived from zircon ages and the age of +/- time- equivalent fossils. Such age discrepancies exist in the range of several to more than 10 my i.e. tuffs within Permian beds (Königer et al.. 2002) and Blasseneck-Porphyroid ignimbrites (BPIs) - (Söllner et al. 1997). The BPIs (ca. Ord. VI) are exposed along ca. 300 km in the E Alps. Compacted thicknesses are max. 600 m at lower greenschist-facies. It is not determined yet if the BPIs represent a silicic LIP (1 pulse volcanism(?)). They are underlain by sediments and km-thick (flood?) basalts of lower Ord. age. The BPIs predate the Hirnantian glaciation. The end of zircon growth could also be interpreted as the age of the batholith emplacement. Rejuvenation did not cause further zircon growth. Zircons of Trias. ignimbrites (Obenholzner et al. 1999) showed a broad set of preservation from euhedral to highly corroded during diagenesis (see also Reddy et al. (2006)). Within the realm of Variscean batholiths of Cornwall and Erzgebirge F-rich rhyolites exist which are interpreted as late-stage fractionation or as products of an independent magmatic event. These rhyolites are ca. 20 m.y. younger than the associated granites and intruded or erupted at the very end of the subduction. The Cret. Lost River granite is characterized by distinctive greisenization events (Sainsbury, 1960) and intra-intrusive breccias (Dobson, 1982). In the Erzgebirge explosion breccias exist within the granite (Kempe et al., 2004). Does it represent an episode of rejuvenation including zircon growth? If the time gap of ca. 20 m.y. can be considered an average the F-rhyolites of the Sierra Madre Occidental (Orozco-Esquirel et al., 2002) might be related to batholith emplacement older than the ignimbrite-forming batholiths. The Variscean batholiths of the E Alps host many features indicative for a caldera-root system. Basalt dikes dissected tonalites and pillowed into aplites (Frasl et al., 1995). Permian ignimbrite sequences on Carb. volcanics are known from the S Alps. The F- and B-rich Plio./Quart. granite at Larderello (Italy) is a cooling intrusion with melt batches (Fulignati, pers. comm.). Thermal anomalies of the E Alps had been interpreted as surface manifestation of plutons. Atmospheric 210Po data exist from Bad Gastein (Austria; Wallner, 2001). Could such dormant "volcanoes" become sites of future F-rhyolite eruptions? Pure gas sparging cannot rejuvenate a non-solid batholith (Bachman et al., 2003). Heating of Na fluoride and Na borate in a glass vial (ca. 900°C) revealed surface modification accompanied by vesicle nucleation even inside the glass. Can F- and B- rich fluids operate as fluxing agents? Past super-eruptions need to be correlated with past mantle and core dynamics and maybe F- and B-rich fluid events. "3 magnetic superchrons precede the 4 largest Phanerozoic extinction events (K/T, G/T P/T doublet, end Ord.)".(Courtillot et al., 2006). This hypothesis needs to identify the Ord. LIPs (BPIs of the E Alps?). Bachman et al. 2003, Geology, 31, 789-792. Courtillot et al., 2006. EOS Trans. AGU, 87(52), Fall Meet. Suppl.. Frasl et al., 1995. Geol. Paläont. Mitt. Innsbruck, 20, 121-151. Kempe et al., 2004. Min. Depos., 39, 646-669. Königer et al., 2002. Int.J. Earth Sci., 91, 341-356. Reddy et al., 2006. Geology, 34, 4, 257-260. Obenholzner et al., 1999. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 100A, 13-38. Vienna. Orozco-Esquirel et al., 2002. JVGR, 118, 37-56. Sainsbury, 1960. Econ. Geol., 55, 1478-1509. Söllner et al., 1997. Z. dt. geol. Ges., 148/3-4, 499-522. Wallner, G. (2001): Radiochim. acta, Bd. 89, 791-798. .

Assessing the isotopic evolution of S-type granites of the Carlos Chagas Batholith, SE Brazil: Clues from U-Pb, Hf isotopes, Ti geothermometry and trace element composition of zircon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Melo, Marilane G.; Lana, Cristiano; Stevens, Gary; Pedrosa-Soares, Antônio C.; Gerdes, Axel; Alkmin, Leonardo A.; Nalini, Hermínio A.; Alkmim, Fernando F.

2017-07-01

The Carlos Chagas batholith (CCB) is a very large ( 14,000 km2) S-type granitic body formed during the syn-collisional stage of the Araçuaí orogen (southeastern Brazil). Zircons extracted from the CCB record a wide range of U-Pb ages (from 825 to 490 Ma), indicating a complex history of inheritance, magmatic crystallization and partial melting during the evolution of the orogeny. Magmatic zircons (ca. 578-588 Ma) are marked by similar Hf isotope compositions and REE patterns to those of inherited cores (ca. 825-600 Ma), indicating that these aspects of the chemical signature of the magmatic zircons have likely been inherited from the source. The U-Pb ages and initial 176Hf/177Hf ratios from anatectic and metamorphic zircon domains are consistent with a two-stage metamorphic evolution marked by contrasting mechanisms of zircon growth and recrystallization during the orogeny. Ti-in-zircon thermometry is consistent with the findings of previous metamorphic work and indicates that the two metamorphic events in the batholith reached granulite facies conditions (> 800 °C) producing two generations of garnet via fluid-absent partial melting reactions. The oldest metamorphic episode (ca. 570-550 Ma) is recorded by development of thin anatectic overgrowths on older cores and by growth of new anatectic zircon crystals. Both domains have higher initial 176Hf/177Hf values compared to relict cores and display REE patterns typical of zircon that grew contemporaneously with peritectic garnet through biotite-absent fluid partial melting reactions. Hf isotopic and chemical evidences indicate that a second anatectic episode (ca. 535-500 Ma) is only recorded in parts from the CCB. In these rocks, the growth of new anatectic zircon and/or overgrowths is marked by high initial 176Hf/177Hf values and also by formation of second generation of garnet, as indicated by petrographic observations and REE patterns. In addition, some rocks contain zircon crystals formed by solid-state recrystallization of pre-existing zircon, which exhibit similar Hf isotope composition to those of inherited/magmatic core domains. The first anatectic event is interpreted as result of crustal thickening after the intrusion of the batholith. This introduced the batholith to a depth in excess of 30 km and produced widespread anatexis throughout the batholith. The second event was associated with asthenospheric upwelling during extensional thinning and gravitational collapse of the orogen, this produced anatexis in parts from the CCB that had been re-fertilized for anatexis by retrogression along shear zones following the first granulite facies event.

Astronaut Edgar Mitchell addresses MSC personnel and news media

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

Astronaut Edgar D. Mitchell, right, the Apollo 14 lunar module pilot, addresses JSC/MSC personnel and news media representatives and other visitors soon after he and his fellow crewmen were released from a 15-day confinement period in the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. Pictured with Mitchell in front of the LRL, MSC bldg 37, are Astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., left, commander; and Stuart A Roosa, command module pilot, Mrs Mitchell is at right and Mrs. Roosa, near left. Roosa is flanked by his four children, left to right, Christopher A., Stuart A. Roosa Jr., John D. and Rosemary D.

Mill and Mental Phenomena: Critical Contributions to a Science of Cognition

PubMed Central

Bistricky, Steven L.

2013-01-01

Attempts to define cognition preceded John Stuart Mill’s life and continue to this day. John Stuart Mill envisioned a science of mental phenomena informed by associationism, empirical introspection, and neurophysiology, and he advanced specific ideas that still influence modern conceptions of cognition. The present article briefly reviews Mill’s personal history and the times in which he lived, and it traces the evolution of ideas that have run through him to contemporary cognitive concepts. The article also highlights contemporary problems in defining cognition and supports specific criteria regarding what constitutes cognition. PMID:25379235

Ignimbrites to batholiths: integrating perspectives from geological, geophysical, and geochronological data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lipman, Peter W.; Bachmann, Olivier

2015-01-01

Multistage histories of incremental accumulation, fractionation, and solidification during construction of large subvolcanic magma bodies that remained sufficiently liquid to erupt are recorded by Tertiary ignimbrites, source calderas, and granitoid intrusions associated with large gravity lows at the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field (SRMVF). Geophysical data combined with geological constraints and comparisons with tilted plutons and magmatic-arc sections elsewhere are consistent with the presence of vertically extensive (>20 km) intermediate to silicic batholiths (with intrusive:extrusive ratios of 10:1 or greater) beneath the major SRMVF volcanic loci (Sawatch, San Juan, Questa-Latir). Isotopic data require involvement of voluminous mantle-derived mafic magmas on a scale equal to or greater than that of the intermediate to silicic volcanic and plutonic rocks. Early waxing-stage intrusions (35–30 Ma) that fed intermediate-composition central volcanoes of the San Juan locus are more widespread than the geophysically defined batholith; these likely heated and processed the crust, preparatory for ignimbrite volcanism (32–27 Ma) and large-scale upper-crustal batholith growth. Age and compositional similarities indicate that SRMVF ignimbrites and granitic intrusions are closely related, but the extent to which the plutons record remnants of former magma reservoirs that lost melt to volcanic eruptions has been controversial. Published Ar/Ar-feldspar and U-Pb-zircon ages for plutons spatially associated with ignimbrite calderas document final crystallization of granitoid intrusions at times indistinguishable from the tuff to ages several million years younger. These ages also show that SRMVF caldera-related intrusions cooled and solidified soon after zircon crystallization, as magma supply waned. Some researchers interpret these results as recording pluton assembly in small increments that crystallized rapidly, leading to temporal disconnects between ignimbrite eruption and intrusion growth. Alternatively, crystallization ages of the granitic rocks are here inferred to record late solidification, after protracted open-system evolution involving voluminous mantle input, lengthy residence (105–106yr) as near-solidus crystal mush, and intermittent separation of liquid to supply volcanic eruptions. The compositions of the least-evolved ignimbrite magmas tend to merge with those of caldera-related plutons, suggesting that the plutons record nonerupted parts of long-lived cogenetic magmatic systems, variably modified prior to final solidification. Precambrian-source zircons are scarce in caldera plutons, in contrast to their abundance in some peripheral waning-stage intrusions of the SRMVF, implying dissolution of inherited crustal zircon during lengthy magma assembly for the ignimbrite eruptions and construction of a subvolcanic batholith. Broad age spans of zircons (to several million years) from individual samples of some ignimbrites and intrusions, commonly averaged and interpreted as “intrusion-emplacement age,” alternatively provide an incomplete record of intermittent crystallization during protracted incremental magma-body assembly, with final solidification only when the system began to wane. Analyses of whole zircons cannot resolve late stages of crystal growth, and early growth in a long-lived magmatic system may be poorly recorded due to periods of zircon dissolution. Overall, construction of a batholith can take longer than recorded by zircon-crystallization ages, while the time interval for separation and shallow assembly of eruptible magma may be much shorter. Magma-supply estimates (from ages and volcano-plutonic volumes) yield focused intrusion-assembly rates sufficient to generate ignimbrite-scale volumes of eruptible magma, based on published thermal models. Mid-Tertiary processes of batholith assembly associated with the SRMVF caused drastic chemical and physical reconstruction of the entire lithosphere, probably accompanied by asthenospheric input.

Seismic Imaging of a Nascent Batholith in the Central Andes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ward, K. M.; Zandt, G.; Beck, S. L.; Christensen, D. H.; Mcfarlin, H. L.

2013-12-01

Cordilleran mountain belts, such as the modern central Andes and Mesozoic western North American Cordillera formed in regions of significant upper plate compression and were punctuated by high flux magmatic events that coalesced into large composite batholiths. Unlike the North American Cordillera, compressive mountain building is still active in the central Andes and any large modern batholith still at depth must be inferred from surface volcanics and geophysical data. In the Andes it has been suggested that a modern batholith exists beneath the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex (APVC), the location of a 11-1 Ma ignimbrite flare-up, however, the magmatic underpinnings has only been geophysically investigated in a few widely spaced locations and a migmatite zone of crustal melt with minimal mantle input remains a viable competing interpretation. We present new high-resolution 3-D seismic images of the APVC crust based on a joint inversion of ambient noise surface-wave dispersion data and receiver functions from broadband stations and identify a shallow (<20 km depth) low-velocity body that we interpret as a magmatic mush zone, the Altiplano-Puna Mush Body (APMB). Below the APMB, we observe near-vertical zones of low velocity that bifurcate near the base of the crust with one arm of low velocity migrating under the main volcanic arc and a second separate arm of low velocity below the voluminous backarc volcanism. Previous attenuation tomography studies have traced these zones through the mantle where they intersect the top of the subducting Nazca slab at locations with elevated seismic activity, providing strong evidence that the deeper near-vertical zones of low velocity we are imaging are related to dewatering of the slab and associated mantle-sourced melt pathways. Based on these considerations, we suggest the ~200 km diameter and ~20 km thick body is a nascent silicic batholith compatible with the magma mush model of batholith formation. The direct imaging of this plutonic body allows us to measure volumes of varying velocity contours and express several end-member volume calculations as plutonic to volcanic (P:V) ratios using the well-constrained volume estimates (13,000 km3) of the APVC ignimbrites. Our preferred shear velocity contour of 2.9 km/s has a volume >450,000 km3 and yields a P:V ratio of 35:1. The 2.9 km/s contour has the advantage of being the first contour that completely closes on the top of the APMB and makes allowances for the possibility of an anatectic carapace and a larger thermal aureole surrounding the partial melt body. Although there are still some uncertainties in these estimates, an important result is the P:V ratios are high, much higher than the often cited estimates of 3, 5, or even the extreme, 10:1, although we are aware of no firm constraints that preclude such extreme P:V ratios. The possible existence of a Neogene batholith along the entire length of the Central Volcanic Zone, the evidence for a significant mantle contribution to the Andean crust below the APVC, and a much larger P:V ratio documented in the APVC reopens the question of the importance of magmatic addition in the building of the Andes.

Uranium deposits of the northern part of the Boulder Batholith, Montana

USGS Publications Warehouse

Becraft, George E.

1955-01-01

Uranium minerals and radioactivity anomalies occur in many silver-lead veins and chalcedony veins and vein zones in the Boulder batholith of southwestern Montanao Pitchblende has been identified in a few silver-lead veins. These veins occupy shear zones along which there is no evidence of large-scale lateral displacement. The wall rock adjacent to the veins is intensely silicified and sencitized quartz monzonite and granodiortte. The veins have yielded substantial quantities of lead, silver, zinc, and gold. The silver-lead veins consist principal1y of galena, spha1erite, tetrahedrite, cha1copyrite and pyrite in a gangue of light to dark gray quartz, altered rock, gouge, and subordinate chalcedony and carbonate minerals. No anomalous radioactivity nor uranium minerals have been found in similar veins in pre-batholithic rocks of the area. Chalcedony veins and vein zones, some of which are ttraniferous, are distinctly different from the silver-lead veins and, with a single except1on, are known only in the batholith. The chalcedony vein zones consist of one or more discontinuous stringers or veins of cha1cedony and microcrystalline quartz in silicified and sericitized quartz monzonite and granodiorite, and in less strongly altered alaskite. On1y small amounts of silver ore have been produced from these chalcedony veins and vein zones. All of the veins are ear1y Tertiary in age, but the silver-lead veins probably are older than the chalcedony veins. Uranium is closely associated with chalcedory and microcrystalline quartz in both types of veins. This association suggests that all of the uranium in the area is of the same age. If so, some of the silver-lead veins must have been reopened during the period of chalcedony vein formation.

Detrital Thermochronology Record of the Local-to-Extraregional Provenance Shift Recorded by the Northern Peninsular Ranges Forearc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flores, M.; Shulaker, D. Z.

2016-12-01

Previously measured detrital zircon U-Pb age distributions have revealed that Late Cretaceous to Eocene forearc strata in the Santa Ana mountains region experienced a dramatic shift in sedimentary provenance from a 125-90 Ma northern Peninsular Ranges batholith (PRB) source region along the continental margin to a cratonal source area intruded by Late Cretaceous (85-75 Ma) plutons within the continental interior (western Sonora). To improve our understanding of the timing and magnitude of denudation prior to, and during this local to extraregional provenance shift, we have measured new detrital K-feldspar 40Ar/39Ar total fusion and zircon U-Pb age distributions from forearc sandstones. Our combined crystallization age and thermal history results confirm two pulses of rapid denudation of the PRB. These include a syn-batholith phase (Cenomanian) and a post-batholithic (Maastrichtian to Paleocene) phase attributed to shallow subduction. The new data require that significant (5-10 km) syn-batholithic erosional denudation of the northern PRB had already occurred by ca. 95 Ma and that post-emplacement denudation of the PRB accelerated again during the Maastrichtian with the eastern PRB providing the bulk of the detritus. Our new results demonstrate that deposition of the Paleocene Silverado Fm. occurred during a transitional period. Sand reaching the forearc during the Paleocene was derived from both the heavily denuded eastern PRB with additional input supplied either from Late Cretaceous plutons of northwestern Sonoran region and/or similar plutons emplaced in thrust sheets atop PRB basement within the Santa Rosa Mountains. In contrast, the Eocene Santiago Fm. was nearly entirely derived from extraregional sources that supplied abundant late Cretaceous (75-85 Ma) and Proterozoic (1.4 & 1.7 Ga) detritus with virtually no PRB-derived sediment detected.

Geologic Map of the Estes Park 30' x 60' Quadrangle, North-Central Colorado

USGS Publications Warehouse

Cole, James C.; Braddock, William A.

2009-01-01

The rocks and landforms of the Estes Park 30 x 60 minute quadrangle display an exceptionally complete record of geologic history in the northern Front Range of Colorado. The Proterozoic basement rocks exposed in the core of the range preserve evidence of Paleoproterozoic marine sedimentation, volcanism, and regional soft-sediment deformation, followed by regional folding and gradational metamorphism. The metasedimentary rocks of the Estes Park quadrangle are distinct within northern Colorado for preserving the complete metamorphic zonation from low-grade chlorite-muscovite phyllites, through middle greenschist-grade rocks with sequential aluminous porphyroblasts, to partially melted gneisses that contain high-grade cordierite and garnet in the non-melted residues. Regional and textural evidence shows that the widespread metamorphism was essentially concurrent with intrusion of the Boulder Creek Granodiorite and related magmas and with the peak of deformation in the partially melted high-grade rocks. The metamorphic thermal pulse arrived later following the peak of deformation in the physically higher, cooler, low-grade terrane. Mesoproterozoic time was marked by intrusion of biotite granite in the Longs Peak-St Vrain batholith, a complex, irregular body that occupies nearly half of the core of the Front Range in this quadrangle. The magma was dry and viscous as it invaded the metamorphic rocks and caused wholesale plastic folding of the wall rock structure. Steep metamorphic foliation that resulted from the Paleoproterozoic deformations was bowed upward and re-oriented into flat-lying attitudes as the crystal-rich magma rose buoyantly and spread out in the middle crust. Magma invaded the schists and gneisses along weak foliation planes and produced a characteristic sill-upon-sill intrusive fabric, particularly in the higher parts of the batholith. Broad, open arches and swales that are defined by the flow-aligned feldspar foliation of the granite, as well as by compositional banding in the intruded and included metamorphic rocks, formed late during batholith emplacement due to rising, buoyant magma and sinking, dense wall rocks. The Longs Peak-St Vrain batholith was intruded into crust that was structurally neutral or moderately extending in an east-northeast direction. A broad zone of mylonite, the Moose Mountain shear zone, formed within the batholith during the final stages of consolidation as a result of differential buoyancy between the magma and dense wall rock, not as a result of regional tectonic deformation.

John Punch, Scotist Holy War, and the Irish Catholic Revolutionary Tradition in the Seventeenth Century.

PubMed

Campbell, Ian W

2016-07-01

During the 1640s, the Irish Franciscan theologian John Punch taught his theology students in Rome that war against Protestants was made just by their religion alone. Jesuits like Luis de Molina identified the holy war tradition in which Punch stood as a Scotist one, and insisted that the Scotists had confused the natural and supernatural spheres. Among Irishmen, Punch was unusual. The main Irish Catholic revolutionary tradition employed Jesuit and Thomist theory. They argued that the Stuarts had lost the right to rule Ireland for natural reasons, not supernatural ones; because the Stuarts were tyrants, not because they were Protestants.

Prof. James Stuart and the Rochdale Pioneers: How Astronomy as food for thought became a Co-op dividend

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barnard, P. A. J.

2013-03-01

In the mid-nineteenth century, formal education for many people, of all ages and especially the poorer members of society, left much to be desired. The Acts of Parliament needed to redress the deficiency lay in the future. For adults at this time community organisations such as The Rochdale Equitable Pioneers Society, and the Mechanics' Institutes set up by local industrialists and railway companies, became vehicles for self-improvement. James Stuart (1843-1913) of the University of Cambridge became one of the most important advocates of universal education, and he used astronomy as one means of achieving his goal - University Extension.

Petrographic and geochemical characterization of the Triassic and Jurassic magmatic and volcanic rocks of southeastern Ecuador

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Villares, Fabián; Eguez, Arturo; Yanez, Ernesto

2014-05-01

Formely, the subandean zone in the southeastern Ecuador involved large volcanic and magmatic rocks included in the Misahualli Formation and Zamora batholith, both as expression of the Jurassic cal-alcaline volcanic arc. The aim of the project carried out by the INIGEMM (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Geológico Minero Metalúrgico) was discriminate the volcanic products including a continuous set going from basalts to ryolithes and volcanoclastic rocks. Geochemical characterization was done using representative 16 whole - rock chemical analysis. The oldest rocks of the investigated area called Pachicutza Unit, include greenish to black, massive basalts and basaltic andesites, locally showing pillows structures. The texture is aphanitic to microporphyritic with slight crystal growth of plagioclase and pyroxenes. The Unit include also local pyroclastic breccias and tuffs showing variable skarnification related to the intrusion of the jurassic Zamora Batholith. Two samples of basalts show tholeiitic affinity, corresponding to an N- MORB, probably representing an early stage in opening of a regional Triassic rift reported since Colombia to Peru in the Andes. These geochemical characteristics are similar to the amphibolites of Monte Olivo Unit in the Real Cordillera. The Jurassic large volcanic assembly of the Misahualli Formation was also differenciated. Basal volcanics include green, subporphyritic andesites and volcanic breccias possibly generated at an early stage of the volcanic arc, caused by a change of extensive to compressive regime. Continental volcano sedimentary and sedimentary rock were discriminate as Nueva Esperanza and Suarez Units, respectively. The volcanosedimentary sequence include massive to laminate tuffs and tuffites of intermediate composition. The sediments of the Suarez Unit include dominant conglomerats and sandstones of fluvial domain. The regional volcanic sequence is completed by the Las Peñas Unit that includes aphanitic to porphyritic andesites and coarse volcanic breccias. Three geochemical analysis of the lavas show andesitic composition, have medium to high-K calc-alkaline and represent the products of a subduction zone. All intrusions in the area were mapped as Zamora Batholith. Nevetheless, the field observations confirm a large Jurassic batholith but also other significant minor intrusion that intrudes the cretaceous sedimentary formations of the area. Thus, magmatic rocks in the area are named as Zamora batholithic complex. Petrography of the Zamora Batholith ranges from tonalite to monzo-granite with the same qualitative mineralogy. Rocks are composed by different proportions of plagioclase, amphibole, K-feldspar, quartz, biotite, opaques and epidote, as accessory minerals has zircon, sphene and apatite. Zamora Granitoids ranged from dioritic to granitic compositions ( 60.09 - . 73.6 wt % SiO2). The Zamora Granitoids have medium to high-K calc-alkaline and represent the products of a subduction zone. Products are generated within a magmatic arc in normal conditions of maturity. The Zamora Granitoids are I - type intrusions.

Geology and geochronology of granitoid and metamorphic rocks of late Archean age in northwestern Wisconsin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sims, P.K.; Peterman, Z.E.; Zartman, R.E.; Benedict, F.C.

1985-01-01

Granitoid rocks of the Puritan Quartz Monzonite and associated biotite gneiss and amphibolite in northwestern Wisconsin compose the southwestern part of the Puritan batholith of Late Archean age. They differ from rocks in the Michigan segment of the batholith in having been deformed by brittle-ductile deformation and partly recrystallized during shearing accompanying development of the midcontinent rift system of Keweenawan (Middle Proterozoic) age. Granitoid rocks ranging in composition from granite to tonalite are dominant in the Wisconsin part of the batholith. To the north of the Mineral Lake fault zone, they are massive to weakly foliated and dominantly of granite composition, whereas south of the fault zone they are more strongly foliated and mainly of tonalite composition. Massive granite, leucogranite, and granite pegmatite cut the dominant granitoid rocks. Intercalated with the granitoid rocks in small to large conformable bodies are biotite gneiss, amphibolite, and local tonalite gneiss. Metagabbro dikes of probable Early Proterozoic age as much as 15 m thick cut the Archean rocks. Rubidium-strontium whole-rock data indicate a Late Archean age for the granitoids and gneisses, but data points are scattered and do not define a single isochron. Zircon from two samples of tonalitic gneiss for uranium-thorium-Iead dating define a single chord on a concordia diagram, establishing an age of 2,735?16 m.y. The lower intercept age of 1,052?70 m.y. is in close agreement with rubidium-strontium and potassium-argon biotite ages from the gneisses. Two episodes of deformation and metamorphism are recorded in the Archean rocks. Deformation during the Late Archean produced a steep west-northwest-oriented foliation and gently plunging fold axes and was accompanied by low amphibolite-facies metamorphism of the bedded rocks. A younger deformation resulting from largely brittle fracture was accompanied by retrogressive metamorphism; this deformation is most evident adjacent to the Mineral Lake fault and took place during Keweenawan rifting about 1,050 m.y. ago. The Mineral Lake fault is one of several northwest-trending faults in the Lake Superior region that originated in the Late Archean and were reactivated intermittently during the Proterozoic, including Keweenawan time. The faults dominantly have right-lateral displacements. The Archean rocks of the Puritan batholith exposed in northwestern Wisconsin compose part of the greenstone-granite terrane, as defined in the Lake Superior region. These rocks were formed 2,7502,600 m.y. ago. The long dimension of the Puritan batholith as well as that of several batholiths in adjacent Minnesota are oriented sub parallel to the boundary between the greenstone-granite terrane and the older gneiss terrane, to the south. This conformity in trend is interpreted as indicating that the granite probably was emplaced after the two basement crustal segments had been joined.

Ho hum, another work of the devil. Buggery and sodomy in early Stuart England.

PubMed

Burg, B R

A study of contemporary handbooks for justices of the peace, sworn depositions, and other judicial records shows that in early Stuart England people were relatively tolerant of homosexuality. Sodomy was a minor felony, but more than homosexual activity was required to prosecute an offender. Persons accused of religious heresy, political offenses, or violating social-class distinctions also might be charged with sodomy, as illustrated by the cases of Lord Audley, Earl of Castlehaven and John Atherton, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore. Although the Puritans expanded the list of sexual acts proscribed as vices, even they did not react to it with the extreme horror characteristic of the Victorian era and the present day.

Incremental assembly and prolonged consolidation of Cordilleran magma chambers--Evidence from the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lipman, Peter W.

2007-01-01

Plutons thus provide an integrated record of prolonged magmatic evolution, while volcanism offers snapshots of conditions at early stages. Growth of subvolcanic batholiths involved sustained multistage open-system processes. These commonly involved ignimbrite eruptions at times of peak power input, but assembly and consolidation processes continued at diminishing rates long after peak volcanism. Some evidence cited for early incremental pluton assembly more likely records late events during or after volcanism. Contrasts between relatively primitive arc systems dominated by andesitic compositions and small upper-crustal plutons versus more silicic volcanic fields and associated batholiths probably reflect intertwined contrasts in crustal thickness and magmatic power input. Lower power input would lead to a Cascade- or Aleutian-type arc system, where intermediate-composition magma erupts directly from middle- and lower-crustal storage without development of large shallow plutons. Andean and southern Rocky Mountain–type systems begin similarly with intermediate-composition volcanism, but increasing magma production, perhaps triggered by abrupt changes in plate boundaries, leads to development of larger upper-crustal reservoirs, more silicic compositions, large ignimbrites, and batholiths. Lack of geophysical evidence for voluminous eruptible magma beneath young calderas suggests that near-solidus plutons can be rejuvenated rapidly by high-temperature mafic recharge, potentially causing large explosive eruptions with only brief precursors.

A tale of 10 plutons - Revisited: Age of granitic rocks in the White Mountains, California and Nevada

USGS Publications Warehouse

McKee, E.H.; Conrad, J.E.

1996-01-01

40Ar/39Ar incremental heating analysis and conventional K-Ar age determinations on plutonic rocks of the White Mountains define two stages of magmatic emplacement: Late Cretaceous, between ca. 90 Ma and 75 Ma, and Middle-Late Jurassic, between ca. 180 and 140 Ma. The Jurassic stage can be divided into two substages, 180-165 Ma and 150-140 Ma. Thermal effects of the younger plutons on the older granitoids partially to completely reset ages, making it difficult to determine the age of emplacement and cooling of several of the plutons even by 40Ar/39Ar incremental heating analyses. New data together with published ages and regional geochronological synthesis of the Sierra Nevada batholith indicate that regions within the batholith have coherent periods or episodes of magmatic activity. In the White Mountains and Sierra Nevada directly to the west there was little or no activity in Early Jurassic and Early Cretaceous time; magmatism took place during relatively short intervals of 15 m.y. or less in the Middle and Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous periods. The new K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar analyses of granitoids from the White Mountains help, but do not completely clarify the complex history of emplacement, cooling, and reheating of the batholith.

Mesozoic arc magmatism along the southern Peruvian margin during Gondwana breakup and dispersal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boekhout, Flora; Spikings, Richard; Sempere, Thierry; Chiaradia, Massimo; Ulianov, Alexey; Schaltegger, Urs

2012-08-01

A high-resolution U-Pb zircon geochronological study of plutonic units along the south Peruvian margin between 17° and 18°S allows the integration of the geochemical, geodynamic and tectonic evolution of this part of the Andean margin. This study focuses on the composite Jurassic-early Cretaceous Ilo Batholith that was emplaced along the southern Peruvian coast during two episodes of intrusive magmatism; a first period between 173 and 152 Ma (with a peak in magmatic activity between roughly 168 and 162 Ma) and a second period between 110 and 106 Ma. Emplacement of the Jurassic part of the composite Ilo Batholith shortly post-dated the accumulation of the volcanosedimentary succession it intruded (Chocolate formation), which allows to estimate a subsidence rate for this unit of ~ 3.5 km/Ma. The emplacement of the main peak of Jurassic plutonism of the Ilo Batholith was also closely coeval with widespread and repeated slumping (during deposition of the Cachíos Formation) in the back-arc region, suggesting a common causal link between these phenomena, which is discussed in the context of an observed 100 km trenchward arc migration at ~ 175 Ma, and the relation with extensional tectonics that prevailed along the Central Andean margin during Pangaea break-up.

Data-adaptive harmonic analysis and prediction of sea level change in North Atlantic region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kondrashov, D. A.; Chekroun, M.

2017-12-01

This study aims to characterize North Atlantic sea level variability across the temporal and spatial scales. We apply recently developed data-adaptive Harmonic Decomposition (DAH) and Multilayer Stuart-Landau Models (MSLM) stochastic modeling techniques [Chekroun and Kondrashov, 2017] to monthly 1993-2017 dataset of Combined TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and Jason-2/OSTM altimetry fields over North Atlantic region. The key numerical feature of the DAH relies on the eigendecomposition of a matrix constructed from time-lagged spatial cross-correlations. In particular, eigenmodes form an orthogonal set of oscillating data-adaptive harmonic modes (DAHMs) that come in pairs and in exact phase quadrature for a given temporal frequency. Furthermore, the pairs of data-adaptive harmonic coefficients (DAHCs), obtained by projecting the dataset onto associated DAHMs, can be very efficiently modeled by a universal parametric family of simple nonlinear stochastic models - coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators stacked per frequency, and synchronized across different frequencies by the stochastic forcing. Despite the short record of altimetry dataset, developed DAH-MSLM model provides for skillful prediction of key dynamical and statistical features of sea level variability. References M. D. Chekroun and D. Kondrashov, Data-adaptive harmonic spectra and multilayer Stuart-Landau models. HAL preprint, 2017, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01537797

South-Tibetan partially molten batholiths: geophysical characterization and petrological assessment of their origin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hetényi, G.; Pistone, M.; Nabelek, P. I.; Baumgartner, L. P.

2017-12-01

Zones of partial melt in the middle crust of Lhasa Block, Southern Tibet, have been geophysically observed as seismically reflective "bright spots" in the past 20 years. These batholiths bear important relevance for geodynamics as they serve as the principal observation at depth supporting channel-flow models in the Himalaya-Tibet orogen. Here we assess the spatial abundance of and partial melt volume fraction within these crustal batholiths, and establish lower and upper estimate bounds using a joint geophysical-petrological approach.Geophysical imaging constrains the abundance of partial melt zones to 5.6 km3 per surface-km2 on average (minimum: 3.1 km3/km2, maximum: 7.6 km3/km2 over the mapped area). Physical properties detected by field geophysics and interpreted by laboratory measurements constrain the amount of partial melt to be between 5 and 26 percent.We evaluate the compatibility of these estimates with petrological modeling based on geotherms, crustal bulk rock compositions and water contents consistent with the Lhasa Block. These simulations determine: (a) the physico-chemical conditions of melt generation at the base of the Tibetan crust and its transport and emplacement in the middle crust; (b) the melt percentage produced at the source, transported and emplaced to form the observed "bright spots". Two main mechanisms are considered: (1) melting induced by fluids produced during mineral dehydration reactions in the underthrusting Indian lower crust; (2) dehydration-melting reactions caused by heating within the Tibetan crust. We find that both mechanisms demonstrate first-order match in explaining the formation of the partially molten "bright spots". Thermal modelling shows that the Lhasa Block batholiths have only small amounts of melt and only for geologically short times (<4.5 Myr), if not continuously fed. This, together with their small size compared to the Tibetan Plateau, suggests that these partially molten zones are ephemeral and local features of the geodynamic evolution. Their transience excludes both long-distance and long-lasting channel flow transport in Tibet.

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology and thermal modeling of multilayer granitoid intrusions. Implications for the building and thermal evolution of the Central System batholith, Iberian Massif, Spain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Díaz Alvarado, Juan; Fernández, Carlos; Castro, Antonio; Moreno-Ventas, Ignacio

2013-08-01

This work shows the results of a U-Pb SHRIMP zircon geochronological study of the central part of the Gredos massif (Spanish Central System batholith). The studied batholith is composed of several granodiorite and monzogranite tabular bodies, around 1 km thick each, intruded into partially molten pelitic metasediments. Granodiorites and monzogranites, belonging to three distinct intrusive bodies, and samples of anatectic leucogranites have been selected for SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology. Distinct age groups, separated by up to 20 Ma, have been distinguished in each sample. Important age differences have also been determined among the most representative age groups of the three analyzed granitoid bodies: 312.6 ± 2.8 Ma for the Circo de Gredos Bt-granodiorites (floor intrusive layer), 306.9 ± 1.5 Ma for the Barbellido-Plataforma granitoids (top intrusive layer) and 303.5 ± 2.8 Ma for Las Pozas Crd-monzogranites (middle intrusive layer). These age differences are interpreted in terms of sequential emplacement of the three intrusive bodies, contemporary with the Late Paleozoic D3 deformation phase. The anatectic leucogranites are coeval to slightly younger than the adjacent intrusive granodiorites and monzogranites (305.4 ± 1.6 Ma for Refugio del Rey leucogranites and 303 ± 2 Ma for migmatitic hornfelses). It is suggested that these anatectic magmas were generated in response to the thermal effects of granodiorite intrusions. Thermal modeling with COMSOL Multiphysics® reveals that sequential emplacement was able to keep the thermal conditions of the batholith around the temperature of zircon crystallization in granitic melts (around 750 °C) for several million of years, favoring the partial melting of host rocks and the existence of large magma chambers composed of crystal mush prone to be rejuvenated after new intrusions.

Geochemical and isotopic evidence for the petrogenesis and emplacement tectonics of the Serra dos Órgãos batholith in the Ribeira belt, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Machado, Rômulo; Philipp, Ruy Paulo; McReath, Ian; Peucat, Jean Jacques

2016-07-01

The Serra dos Órgãos batholith in the State of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) is a NE-SW-trending elongated body that occupies ca. 5000 km2 in plan view. It is a foliated intrusion, especially at its borders and is crosscut by syn-magmatic shear zones, with foliations that are moderately-to steeply-dipping to the northwest and moderately-to shallow-dipping in the center and to the southeast, in a configuration of a large laccolith. It was emplaced between 560 and 570 Ma, during an extensional episode that was part of a series of events that comprise the Brasiliano Orogeny in SE Brazil, and which includes deformation, metamorphism and granite intrusion during the interval between 630 and 480 Ma. The two main rock types in the batholith are biotite-hornblende monzogranite, and biotite leucogranite, with subordinate tonalite, granodiorite, diorite, quartz diorite (enclaves), aplite and pegmatite. Harker-type diagrams help show two rock groups with similar trends of evolution: a dioritic and a granitic. The first one is tholeiitic, whereas the second is calc-alkaline, with medium-to high-K calc-alkaline affinity and metaluminous to slightly peraluminous character. In both groups strong decrease in Al2O3, MgO, FeOT and CaO relative to silica contents are observed, which is compatible with trends of fractional crystallization involving clinopyroxene and/or hornblende, plagioclase, opaque minerals, apatite, microcline and biotite. The Sr and Nd isotopic data suggest recycling of a Paleoproterozoic crust as an important petrological process to generate the batholith rocks. Geothermometry (amphibole composition) and geobarometry (saturation in zircon and apatite) indicate that most of the batholith solidified at mid to lower crustal levels at about 750 °C and between 5 and 5.5 kbar. We consider that Serra dos Órgãos crustal protoliths underwent melting caused by the interaction with hotter mafic magma at the base of the crust. These two magmas, with distinct initial compositions and rheology, probably underwent mixing and mingling. This process continued during the rise of the magma through the crust, which was accompanied by magmatic differentiation. The main feature that characterizes the post-collisional Serra dos Órgãos granite magmatism is the connection with high angle ductile shear zones of continental scale and presence to a greater or lesser extent of mafic magmas.

The link between volcanism and plutonism in epizonal magma systems; high-precision U–Pb zircon geochronology from the Organ Mountains caldera and batholith, New Mexico

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rioux, Matthew; Farmer, Lang; Bowring, Samuel; Wooton, Kathleen M.; Amato, Jeffrey M.; Coleman, Drew S.; Verplanck, Philip L.

2016-01-01

The Organ Mountains caldera and batholith expose the volcanic and epizonal plutonic record of an Eocene caldera complex. The caldera and batholith are well exposed, and extensive previous mapping and geochemical analyses have suggested a clear link between the volcanic and plutonic sections, making this an ideal location to study magmatic processes associated with caldera volcanism. Here we present high-precision thermal ionization mass spectrometry U–Pb zircon dates from throughout the caldera and batholith, and use these dates to test and improve existing petrogenetic models. The new dates indicate that Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks in the Organ Mountains formed from ~44 to 34 Ma. The three largest caldera-related tuff units yielded weighted mean 206Pb/238U dates of 36.441 ± 0.020 Ma (Cueva Tuff), 36.259 ± 0.016 Ma (Achenback Park tuff), and 36.215 ± 0.016 Ma (Squaw Mountain tuff). An alkali feldspar granite, which is chemically similar to the erupted tuffs, yielded a synchronous weighted mean 206Pb/238U date of 36.259 ± 0.021 Ma. Weighted mean 206Pb/238U dates from the larger volume syenitic phase of the underlying Organ Needle pluton range from 36.130 ± 0.031 to 36.071 ± 0.012 Ma, and the youngest sample is 144 ± 20 to 188 ± 20 ka younger than the Squaw Mountain and Achenback Park tuffs, respectively. Younger plutonism in the batholith continued through at least 34.051 ± 0.029 Ma. We propose that the Achenback Park tuff, Squaw Mountain tuff, alkali feldspar granite and Organ Needle pluton formed from a single, long-lived magma chamber/mush zone. Early silicic magmas generated by partial melting of the lower crust rose to form an epizonal magma chamber. Underplating of the resulting mush zone led to partial melting and generation of a high-silica alkali feldspar granite cap, which erupted to form the tuffs. The deeper parts of the chamber underwent continued recharge and crystallization for 144 ± 20 ka after the final eruption. Calculated magmatic fluxes for the Organ Needle pluton range from 0.0006 to 0.0030 km3/year, in agreement with estimates from other well-studied plutons. The petrogenetic evolution proposed here may be common to many small-volume silicic volcanic systems.

Isotopic and trace element variations in the Ruby Batholith, Alaska, and the nature of the deep crust beneath the Ruby and Angayucham Terranes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Arth, Joseph G.; Zmuda, Clara C.; Foley, Nora K.; Criss, Robert E.; Patton, W.W.; Miller, T.P.

1989-01-01

Thirty-six samples from plutons of the Ruby batholith of central Alaska were collected and analyzed for 22 trace elements, and many were analyzed for the isotopic compositions of Sr, Nd, O, and Pb in order to delimit the processes that produced the diversity of granodioritic to granitic compositions, to deduce the nature of the source of magmas at about 110 Ma, and to characterize the deep crust beneath the Ruby and Angayucham terranes. Plutons of the batholith show a substantial range in initial 87Sr/86Sr (SIR) of 0.7055–0.7235 and a general decrease from southwest to northeast. Initial 143Nd/144Nd (NIR) have a range of 0.51150–0.51232 and generally increase from southwest to northeast. The δ18O values for most whole rocks have a range of +8.4 to +11.8 and an average of +10.3‰. Rb, Cs, U, and Th show large ranges of concentration, generally increase as SiO2 increases, and are higher in southwest than in northeast plutons. Sr, Ba, Zr, Hf, Ta, Sc, Cr, Co, and Zr show large ranges of concentration and generally decrease as SiO2 increases. Rare earth elements (REE) show fractionated patterns and negative Eu anomalies. REE concentrations and anomalies are larger in the southwest than in the northeast plutons. Uniformity of SIR and NIR in Sithylemenkat and Jim River plutons suggests a strong role for fractional crystallization or melting of uniform magma sources at depth. Isotopic variability in Melozitna, Ray Mountains, Hot Springs, and Kanuti plutons suggests complex magmatic processes such as magma mixing and assimilation, probably combined with fractional crystallization, or melting of a complex source at depth. The large variations in SIR and NIR in the batholith require a variation in source materials at depth. The southwestern plutons probably had dominantly siliceous sources composed of metamorphosed Proterozoic and Paleozoic upper crustal rocks. The northeastern plutons probably had Paleozoic sources that were mixtures of siliceous and intermediate to mafic crustal rocks. The inferred sources could well have been the higher-metamorphic-grade lithologic equivalents of the exposed Proterozoic(?) to Paleozoic schists, orthogneisses, and metavolcanic rocks of Ruby terrane, the silicic portions of which are quite radiogenic. The deeper crustal sources that gave rise to most of the batholithic magmas are inferred to be similar under both the Ruby metamorphic terrane and the Angayucham ophiolitic terrane.

Uranium-lead isotopic ages from the Sierra Nevada Batholith, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, James H.; Moore, James G.

1982-06-01

This study provides new information on the timing and distribution of Mesozoic magmatic events in the Sierra Nevada batholithic complex chiefly between 36° and 37°N. latitude. U-Pb ages have been determined for 133 zircon and 7 sphene separates from 82 samples of granitoid rocks. Granitoid rocks in this area range in age from 217 to 80 m.y. Triassic intrusions are restricted to the east side of the batholith; Jurassic plutons occur south of the Triassic plutons east of the Sierra Nevada, as isolated masses within the Cretaceous batholith, and in the western foothills of the range; Cretaceous plutons form a continuous belt along the axis of the batholith and occur as isolated masses east of the Sierra Nevada. No granitic intrusions were emplaced for 37 m.y. east of the Sierra Nevada following the end of Jurassic plutonism. However, following emplacement of the eastern Jurassic granitoids, regional extension produced a fracture system at least 350 km long into which the dominantly mafic, calc-alkalic Independence dike swarm was intruded 148 m.y. ago. The dike fractures probably represents a period of regional crustal extension caused by a redistribution of the regional stress pattern accompanying the Nevadan orogeny. Intrusion of Cretaceous granitic plutons began in large volume about 120 m.y. ago in the western Sierra Nevada and migrated steadily eastward for 40 m.y. at a rate of 2.7 mm/y. This slow and constant migration indicates remarkably uniform conditions of subduction with perhaps downward migration of parent magma generation or a slight flattening of the subduction zone. Such steady conditions could be necessary for the production of large batholithic complexes such as the Sierra Nevada. The abrupt termination of plutonism 80 m.y. ago may have resulted from an increased rate of convergence of the American and eastern Pacific plates and dramatic flattening of the subduction zone. U-Pb ages of the Giant Forest-alaskite sequence in Sequoia National Park are all in the range 99±3 m.y., indicating a relatively short period of emplacement and cooling for this nested group of plutons. U-Pb ages of a mafic inclusion and its host granodiorite indicate that both were derived from a common source or that the mafic inclusion was totally equilibrated with the granodioritic magma. Comparison of isotopic ages determined by different methods such as zircon U-Pb, sphene U-Pb, hornblende K-Ar, and biotite K-Ar suggests that zircon U-Pb ages generally approximate the emplacement age of a pluton. However, some plutons probably contain inherited or entrained old zircons, and the zircons of some samples are disturbed by younger thermal and metamorphic events. The ages reported here are consistent with U-Pb age determinations previously made on granitic rocks to the north [Stern et al., 1981], The age distribution of granitic belts determined here is in general agreement with those established by K-Ar dating [Evernden and Kistler, 1970] but does not differentiate the five epochs of plutonism determined in their study.

Uranium-lead isotopic ages from the Sierra Nevada Batholith, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Chen, J.

1982-01-01

This study provides new information on the timing and distribution of Mesozoic magmatic events in the Sierra Nevada batholithic complex chiefly between 36° and 37°N. latitude. U-Pb ages have been determined for 133 zircon and 7 sphene separates from 82 samples of granitoid rocks. Granitoid rocks in this area range in age from 217 to 80 m.y. Triassic intrusions are restricted to the east side of the batholith; Jurassic plutons occur south of the Triassic plutons east of the Sierra Nevada, as isolated masses within the Cretaceous batholith, and in the western foothills of the range; Cretaceous plutons form a continuous belt along the axis of the batholith and occur as isolated masses east of the Sierra Nevada. No granitic intrusions were emplaced for 37 m.y. east of the Sierra Nevada following the end of Jurassic plutonism. However, following emplacement of the eastern Jurassic granitoids, regional extension produced a fracture system at least 350 km long into which the dominantly mafic, calc-alkalic Independence dike swarm was intruded 148 m.y. ago. The dike fractures probably represents a period of regional crustal extension caused by a redistribution of the regional stress pattern accompanying the Nevadan orogeny. Intrusion of Cretaceous granitic plutons began in large volume about 120 m.y. ago in the western Sierra Nevada and migrated steadily eastward for 40 m.y. at a rate of 2.7 mm/y. This slow and constant migration indicates remarkably uniform conditions of subduction with perhaps downward migration of parent magma generation or a slight flattening of the subduction zone. Such steady conditions could be necessary for the production of large batholithic complexes such as the Sierra Nevada. The abrupt termination of plutonism 80 m.y. ago may have resulted from an increased rate of convergence of the American and eastern Pacific plates and dramatic flattening of the subduction zone. U-Pb ages of the Giant Forest-alaskite sequence in Sequoia National Park are all in the range 99±3 m.y., indicating a relatively short period of emplacement and cooling for this nested group of plutons. U-Pb ages of a mafic inclusion and its host granodiorite indicate that both were derived from a common source or that the mafic inclusion was totally equilibrated with the granodioritic magma. Comparison of isotopic ages determined by different methods such as zircon U-Pb, sphene U-Pb, hornblende K-Ar, and biotite K-Ar suggests that zircon U-Pb ages generally approximate the emplacement age of a pluton. However, some plutons probably contain inherited or entrained old zircons, and the zircons of some samples are disturbed by younger thermal and metamorphic events. The ages reported here are consistent with U-Pb age determinations previously made on granitic rocks to the north [Stern et al., 1981], The age distribution of granitic belts determined here is in general agreement with those established by K-Ar dating [Evernden and Kistler, 1970] but does not differentiate the five epochs of plutonism determined in their study.

Thermal evolution and exhumation of deep-level batholithic exposures, southernmost Sierra Nevada, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Saleeby, J.; Farley, K.A.; Kistler, R.W.; Fleck, R.J.

2007-01-01

The Tehachapi complex lies at the southern end of the Sierra Nevada batholith adjacent to the Neogene-Quaternary Garlock fault. The complex is composed principally of high-pressure (8-10 kbar) Cretaceous batholithic rocks, and it represents the deepest exposed levels of a continuous oblique crustal section through the southern Sierra Nevada batholith. Over the southern ???100 km of this section, structural/petrologic continuity and geochronological data indicate that ???35 km of felsic to intermediate-composition crust was generated by copious arc magmatism primarily between 105 and 99 Ma. In the Tehachapi complex, these batholithic rocks intrude and are bounded to the west by similar-composition gneissic-textured high-pressure batholithic rocks emplaced at ca. 115-110 Ma. This lower crustal complex is bounded below by a regional thrust system, which in Late Cretaceous time tectonically eroded the underlying mantle lithosphere, and in series displaced and underplated the Rand Schist subduction assemblage by low-angle slip from the outboard Franciscan trench. Geophysical and mantle xenolith studies indicate that the remnants of this shallow subduction thrust descend northward through the crust and into the mantle, leaving the mantle lithosphere intact beneath the greater Sierra Nevada batholith. This north-dipping regional structure records an inflection in the Farallon plate, which was segmented into a shallow subduc-tion trajectory to the south and a normal steeper trajectory to the north. We combine new and published data from a broad spectrum of thermochronom-eters that together form a coherent data array constraining the thermal evolution of the complex. Integration of these data with published thermobarometric and petro-genetic data also constrains the tectonically driven decompression and exhumation history of the complex. The timing of arc magmatic construction of the complex, as denoted above, is resolved by a large body of U/Pb zircon ages. High-confidence thermochronometric data track a single retrogressing path commencing from widely established solidus conditions at ca. 100 Ma, and traversing through time-temperature space as follows: (1) Sm/Nd garnet ???770-680 ??C at ca. 102-95 Ma, (2) U/Pb titanite ???750-600 ??C at ca. 102-95 Ma, (3) Ar/Ar hornblende ???570-490 ??C at ca. 94-91 Ma, (4) Rb/Sr biotite ???390-260 ??C at ca. 90-86 Ma, (5) Ar/Ar biotite ???320-240 ??C at ca. 88-85 Ma, and (6) (U-Th)/He zircon ???230-170 ??C at ca. 88-83 Ma. Additional stratigraphic constraints place the complex at surface conditions in Paleocene-early Eocene time (ca. 66-55 Ma). Integration of these results with thermobarometric and structural data, including published data on the underlying Rand Schist, reveals a profound tectonic event whereby rapid cooling and exhumation at rates potentially as high as 100s ??C/m.y. and >5 mm/yr initiated at ca. 98 Ma and peaked between 96 and 94 Ma. Between 93 and 85 Ma, cooling rates remained high, but decelerated with or without significant exhumation. Subsequent cooling and exhumation rates are poorly constrained but were much slower and ultimately resulted in Paleocene-Eocene surface exposure. Initial rapid exhumation and cooling are hypothesized to have been driven by abrupt flattening in the corresponding segment of the Farallon plate and the resulting tectonic erosion of the underlying mantle lithosphere. Protolith as well as meta-morphic pressure-temperature and age constraints on the Rand Schist indicate its rapid low-angle subduction between 93 and 88 Ma. Comparison of the Rand Schist and Tehachapi complex pressure-temperature-time paths in conjunction with structural relations strongly suggest that the schist ascended the equivalent of ???4 kbar relative to the Tehachapi complex by low-angle normal displacement along the Rand fault between 88 and 80 Ma to attain its current underplated structural position. Such extensional tectonism is hypothesized to have been driven by slab rollback

Petrology and stratigraphy of Paleogene nonmarine sandstones, Cascade Range, Washington

USGS Publications Warehouse

Frizzell, Virgil A.

1979-01-01

The Cascade Range of Washington north of 47? latitude is composed of probable Paleozoic and Mesozoic metamorphic rocks and Mesozoic and Tertiary plutonic rocks. Several Paleogene nonmarine arkosic sandstone units fringe and in part occur within the complex crystalline core. The early to middle Eocene Chuckanut Formation is present on the west side of the crystalline core in the western foothills of the Cascades. The early to middle Eocene Swauk Formation partially encircles the Mt. Stuart massif of the central Cascades. In the western foothills of the Cascades, between the main body of Chuckanut Formation near Bellingham and the main outcrop area of the Swauk Formation south of Mt. Stuart, many smaller bodies of arkosic sandstone have variously been referred to either the Swauk or Chuckanut Formations. The early Eocene Manastash Formation occurs locally in an area south of the Yakima River. The middle to late Eocene Chumstick Formation is mostly confined to the Chiwaukum graben within the crystalline core and is separated from the Swauk Formation on the southwest by the Leavenworth Fault. The Oligocene Wenatchee Formation unconformably over lies the Chumstick Formation near Wenatchee. The middle to late Eocene Roslyn Formation crops out north of the Yakima River and is underlain by the Teanaway Basalt which separates the Roslyn from the older Swauk Formation. The middle Eocene to early Oligocene Naches Formation forms a north-trending body that crosses the Yakima River and is in fault contact with both the Swauk and Manastash Formations. The middle to late Eocene Puget Group underlies the Quaternary deposits of the Puget Lowland southeast of Seattle on the western flank of the Cascades. The various formations are all composed predominantly of fine- to medium-grained sandstones with lesser amounts of interbedded shale, conglomerate and coal. Compositionally, the units are predominantly either feldspathic or litho-feldspathic subquartzose sandstones. Volcanic rocks are important constituents of the Puget Group, the Chumstick and Naches Formations, and the isolated arkosic bodies. The three older units, however, contain relatively less volcanic lithics to total lithics than do younger units, indicating perhaps the initiation of more widespread volcanic activity in middle Eocene time. Ratios of framework grain parameters show that the terrestrial sandstone units were derived from a mixed plutonic and tectonic source terrane of continental block tectonic provenance with an overprint of magmatic arc provenance. Modal analysis was performed on samples from the various sedimentary units to establish petrologic compositions, and to provide data with which to compare the different units and discuss clast provenance and tectonic regimen. Although the arkosic sandstones have generally uniform framework clast compositions, minor yet significant differences do exist between the units. Basal or basement-onlap portions of the units in particular are locally derived and differ markedly from the overall compositions of the individual units. Many coincidences of composition, age, structure, and bedrock indicate that the Chuckanut and Swauk may have originally been deposited as a single unit that since has been offset approximately 160 kilometers by right lateral strike slip motion starting about 48 Ma. If this hypothetical offset did occur, then major movement on the Straight Creek Fault is bracketed between about 48 Ma and Oligocene time.

Sediment underthrusting within a continental magmatic arc: Coast Mountains batholith, British Columbia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pearson, David M.; MacLeod, Douglas R.; Ducea, Mihai N.; Gehrels, George E.; Jonathan Patchett, P.

2017-10-01

Though continental magmatic arcs are factories for new continental crust, a significant proportion of continental arc magmas are recycled from supracrustal material. To evaluate the relative contributions of retroarc underthrusting and trench side partial sediment subduction for introducing supracrustal rocks to the middle and lower crust of continental magmatic arcs, we present results from the deeply exposed country rocks of the Coast Mountains batholith of western British Columbia. Prior work demonstrates that these rocks underwent widespread partial melting that contributed to the Coast Mountains batholith. We utilize U-Pb zircon geochronology, Sm-Nd thermochronology, and field-based studies to document the protoliths and early burial history of amphibolite and granulite-facies metasedimentary rocks in the Central Gneiss Complex. U-Pb detrital zircon data from the structurally highest sample localities yielded 190 Ma unimodal age peaks and suggest that retroarc rocks of the Stikine terrane constitute a substantial portion of the Central Gneiss Complex. These supracrustal rocks underwent thrust-related burial and metamorphism at >25 km depths prior to 80 Ma. These rocks may also be underlain at the deepest exposed structural levels by Upper Cretaceous metasedimentary rocks, which may have been emplaced as a result of trench side underplating or intraarc burial. These results further our understanding of the mechanisms of material transport within the continental lithosphere along Cordilleran subduction margins.

Paleogeography and sedimentology of Upper Cretaceous turbidites, San Diego, California.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nilsen, T.H.; Abbott, P.L.

1981-01-01

Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maestrichtian) marine strata of the Rosario Group in the San Diego area include the Point Loma Formation and overlying Cabrillo Formation. Thes units contain 6 facies associations which define a deep-sea fan deposited by westward-flowing sediment gravity flows that transported sediments derived chiefly from batholithic and pre-batholithic metamorphic rocks of the Peninsular Ranges. The sedimentary basin initially deepened abruptly. The fan then prograded westward into the basin, with a retrogradational phase recorded in the uppermost part of the sequence. The fan was deposited along the eastern edge of a forearc basin similar to that of the Great Valley sequence in northern California. The western part of the fan appears to have been truncated by late Cenozoic strike-slip faulting.-from Authors

The Pikes Peak batholith, Colorado front range, and a model for the origin of the gabbro-anorthosite-syenite-potassic granite suite

USGS Publications Warehouse

Barker, F.; Wones, D.R.; Sharp, W.N.; Desborough, G.A.

1975-01-01

This study of the Pikes Peak batholith includes the mineralogy and petrology of quartz syenite at West Creek and of fayalite-bearing and fayalite-free biotite granite near Mount Rosa; major element chemistry of the batholith; comparisons with similar postorogenic, intracratonic, sodic to potassic intrusives; and genesis of the batholith. The batholith is elongate in plan, 50 by 100 km, composite, and generally subalkalic. It was emplaced at shallow depth 1,040 m. y. ago, sharply transects its walls and may have breached its roof. Biotite granite and biotite-hornblende granite are predominant; quartz syenite, fayalite granite and riebeckite granite are present in minor amounts. Fayalite-bearing and fayalite-free quartz syenite, fayalite-biotite granite and riebeckite granite show a well-defined sodic differentiation trend; the less sodic fayalite-free granites exhibit a broader compositional range and no sharp trends. Crystallization was largely at PH2O < Ptotal; PH2O approached Ptotal only at late stages. Aplite residual to fayalite-free biotite granite in the north formed at about 1,500 bars, or 5 km depth. Feldspar assemblages indicate late stages of crystallization at about 720??C. In the south ilmenite and manganian fayalite indicate fO2 of 10-17 or 10-18 bars. Biotite and fayalite compositions and the 'granite minimum' imply completion of crystallization at about 700??C and 1,500 bars. Nearby fayalite-free biotite granite crystallized at higher water fugacity. All types of syenite and granite contain 5-6% K2O through a range of SiO2 of 63-76%. Average Na2O percentages in quartz syenite are 6.2, fayalite granite 4.2, and fayalite-free granite 3.3 MgO contents are low, 0.03-0.4%; FeO averages 1.9-2.5%. FeO/Fe2O3 ratios are high. Fluorine ranges from 0.3 to 0.6%. The Pikes Peak intrusives are similar in mode of emplacement, composition, and probably genesis to rapakivi intrusives of Finland, the Younger Granites of Nigeria, Cape Ann Granite and Beverly Syenite, Mass., and syenite of Kungnat, Greenland, among others - allowing for different levels of erosion. A suite that includes gabbro or basalt, anorthosite, quartz syenite, fayalite granite, riebeckite granite, and biotite and/or hornblende granites is of worldwide occurrence. A model is proposed in which mantle-derived, convecting alkali olivine basaltic magma first reacts with K2O-poor lower crust of granulite facies to produce magma of quartz syenitic composition. The syenitic liquid in turn reacts with granodioritic to granitic intermediate crust of amphibolite facies to produce the predominant fayalite-free biotite and biotite-hornblende granites of the batholith. This reaction of magma and roof involves both partial melting and the reconstitution and precipitation of refractory phases, as Bowen proposed. Intermediate liquids include MgO-depleted and Na2O-enriched gabbro, which precipitated anorthosite, and alkali diorite. The heat source is the basaltic magma; the heat required for partial melting of the roof is supplied largely by heats of crystallization of phases that settle out of the liquid - mostly olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase. ?? 1975.

Quenching oscillating behaviors in fractional coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Zhongkui; Xiao, Rui; Yang, Xiaoli; Xu, Wei

2018-03-01

Oscillation quenching has been widely studied during the past several decades in fields ranging from natural sciences to engineering, but investigations have so far been restricted to oscillators with an integer-order derivative. Here, we report the first study of amplitude death (AD) in fractional coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators with partial and/or complete conjugate couplings to explore oscillation quenching patterns and dynamics. It has been found that the fractional-order derivative impacts the AD state crucially. The area of the AD state increases along with the decrease of the fractional-order derivative. Furthermore, by introducing and adjusting a limiting feedback factor in coupling links, the AD state can be well tamed in fractional coupled oscillators. Hence, it provides one an effective approach to analyze and control the oscillating behaviors in fractional coupled oscillators.

The Structure of the Crust and Uppermost Mantle Beneath the Central Andes from Ambient Noise Tomography: Imaging the Neogene to Modern Batholith

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ward, K. M.; Zandt, G.; Beck, S. L.; Porter, R. C.; Wagner, L. S.; Minaya, E.; Tavera, H.

2012-12-01

The Central Andes of southern Peru, Bolivia, and northern Chile (between ~10°S and ~35°S) comprise the largest orogenic plateau in the world associated with abundant arc volcanism, the Central Andean Plateau (CAP). The goal of this continental-scale Ambient Noise Tomography (ANT) project is to incorporate broadband seismic data from ~20 seismic networks deployed incrementally in the Central and Southern Andes from May 1994 through March 2012, to image the vertically polarized shear-wave velocity (Vsv) structure of the CAP. First-order correlations with our shallow results (~5 km) and the morphotectonic provinces as well as subtler geological features indicate our results are robust. Our major results include mapping a pervasive mid-crustal low-velocity zone (<3.25 km/s) underneath the western portion of the CAP and a locally ultra-low-velocity anomaly (~2.0 km/s) beneath the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex (APVC). The presence of a large and laterality extensive low-velocity zone suggests either a zone of partial melt ("mush") associated with batholith formation at depth, a thermally weakened crust capable of lateral flow, or the presence of aqueous fluids. Magnetotelluric studies that overlap our images do not resolve a high conductivity anomaly across our low-velocity zone as expected in the presence of aqueous fluids or large interconnected zones of partial melt. Therefore, we dismiss them as likely explanations for our imaged low-velocity body outside of the APVC location. Working under the hypothesis that voluminous ignimbrites are the surface expression of batholith formation at depth as exemplified by the APVC, we combine our results with the locations of known Neogene ignimbrite eruptive centers and negative isostatic residual gravity anomalies and suggest the 3.25 km/s shear-wave velocity contour at 15 km depth generally outlines the extent of a Neogene to modern batholith, with isolated pockets of partial melt where velocities dip below 3.0 km/s. A velocity of 3.25 km/s at this pressure and temperature regime is too low for an isotropic granitic composition and must be explained without invoking significant partial melt. Previous work in Tibet, a region with thick crust analogous to the CAP, suggests a zone of mid-crustal radial anisotropy may separate horizontally and vertically polarized shear-wave velocities by as much as 20%. The effective isotropic shear velocity may be ~10% faster than the 3.25 km/s we observe which would correspond to velocities expected of an isotropic granitic composition (~3.6 km/s) at depth. Our interpretation of a large Neogene batholith associated with active volcanism revisits the idea of magmatic addition as a contributing mechanism to the growth of the western portion of the CAP.

Geochronology and Geochemistry of a Late Cretaceous Granitoid Suite, Santa Rosa Range, Nevada: Linking Arc Magmatism in Northwestern Nevada to the Sierra Nevada Batholith

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown, K.; Stuck, R.; Hart, W. K.

2010-12-01

Throughout the Mesozoic, an arc-trench system dominated the western margin of North America. One of the principal records of this system’s evolution is a discontinuous alignment of deeply eroded batholiths, which represent the once-active roots of ancient volcanic systems. Although these batholiths extend from Alaska to Mexico, there is a prominent (~500 km) gap located in present-day Nevada that contains scattered plutons that are hypothesized to be similar in age and origin to the larger batholiths. The current understanding of these isolated plutons, however, remains limited to regional isotopic studies aimed at identifying major crustal boundaries and structural studies focused on emplacement mechanisms. Therefore, detailed petrogenetic studies of the plutons exposed within the Santa Rosa Range (SRR) of NW Nevada will better characterize magmatism in this region, placing them within a regional context that explores the hypothesized links between the intrusions of NW Nevada to the Sierra Nevada batholith (SNB). A compilation of published geochronology from this region shows that plutons in the SRR are broadly coeval with the Cathedral Range Intrusive Epoch (~95-83 Ma) and the Shaver Sequence (~118-105 Ma) of the SNB. Preliminary Rb-Sr geochronology from the Granite Peak stock reveals a previously unrecognized period of magmatism (ca. 85.0 Ma) in this region. Therefore, ongoing work will more completely characterize the timing of magmatic pulses in this region and their relationships to the SNB. Preliminary petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic observations suggest that two distinct compositional/textural groups exist: the Santa Rosa/ Andorno group (SRA) and Granite Peak/ Sawtooth group (GPS). The chemical and isotopic variations between the two groups suggest that they were not consanguineous. Whereas the SRA group is generally more mafic (64-72 wt% SiO2) and metaluminous, the GPS group is more felsic (72- 76 wt% SiO2) and peraluminous. This observation is consistent with their modal mineralogy: SRA group contains hornblende and biotite; the GPS group contains primary muscovite (± garnet). The SRA group is also characterized by high ɛNd(t) (6.8-7.3) and low 87Sr/ 86Sr(i) (0.70408- 0.70484). The GPS group, on the other hand, is characterized by lower ɛNd(t) (1.6-3.4) and higher 87Sr/ 86Sr(i) (0.70554-0.70627). Whereas the chemical and isotopic variations of the SRA group are reminiscent of magmatism in the SNB, the GPS group defines a compositional suite that is more reminiscent of magmatism farther to the east. Ongoing geochemical and isotopic studies are aimed at better elucidating these observations and their potential regional magmatic and tectonic implications.

Multielement chemical and statistical analyses from a uranium hydrogeochemical and stream-sediment survey in and near the Elkhorn Mountains, Jefferson County, Montana; Part I, Surface water

USGS Publications Warehouse

Suits, V.J.; Wenrich, K.J.

1982-01-01

Fifty-two surface-water samples, collected from an area south of Helena, Jefferson County, were analyzed for 51 chemical species. Of these variables, 35 showed detectable variation over the area, and 29 were utilized in a correlation analysis. Two populations are distinguished in the collected samples and are especially evident in the plot of Ca versus U. Samples separated on the basis of U versus Ca proved to represent drainage areas of two differing lithologies. One group was from waters that drain the Boulder batholith, the other from those that drain the Elkhorn Mountains volcanic rocks. These two groups of samples, in general, proved to have parallel but different linear trends between U and other elements. Therefore, the two groups of samples were treated separately in the statistical analyses. Over the area that drains the Boulder batholith, U concentrations in water ranged from 0.37 to 13.0 ?g/l , with a mean of 1.9 ?g/l. The samples from streams draining volcanic areas ranged from 0.04 to 1.5 ?g/l, with a mean of 0.42 ?g/l. The highest U values (12 and 13 ?g/l) occur along Badger Creek, Rawhide Creek, Little Buffalo Gulch, and an unnamed tributary to Clancy Creek. Conductivity, hardness, Ba, Ca, CI, K, Mg, Na and Sr are significantly correlated with U at or better than the 95 percent confidence limit in both populations. For water draining the Boulder batholith, uranium correlates significantly with akalinity, pH, bicarbonate, Li, Mo, NO2+NO3, P04, SiO2, SO4, F, and inorganic carbon. These correlations are similar to those found in a previous study of water samples in north-central New Mexico (Wenrich-Verbeek, 1977b). Uranium in water from the volcanic terrane does not show correlations with any of the above constituents, but does correlate well with V. This relationship with V is absent within the Boulder batholith samples.

Petrology and Geochemistry of an Upper Crustal Mafic Complex- Hidden Lakes, Sierra Nevada Batholith, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewis, M.; Bucholz, C. E.; Jagoutz, O. E.; Eddy, M. P.

2017-12-01

Magmatic differentiation in arc settings is likely a polybaric process, with crystallization of primitive basalts occurring primarily in the lower crust and more evolved melts in the upper crust. The general lack of mafic-ultramafic cumulates in the silicic paleo-arc upper crust supports this model. However, the Sierra Nevada Batholith preserves numerous mafic intrusions up to 25 km2, suggesting that significant volumes of mafic magma may differentiate at shallow crustal levels. Previous studies on several such intrusions report ages contemporaneous with Cretaceous batholith emplacement (Coleman et al., 1995), but only a few have investigated their chemistry and relationship to arc magmatism (Frost, 1987; Frost & Mahood, 1987; Sisson et al., 1996). We present field observations, petrography, mineral chemistry, and bulk rock compositional data for the Hidden Lakes Mafic Complex (HLMC), located in the Central Sierra Nevada Batholith. Preliminary CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb zircon ages constrain crystallization between 90 and 95 Ma, slightly older than the surrounding Cretaceous felsic plutons (89-90 Ma) and younger than adjacent Jurassic granodiorites (172 Ma). This 2.2 km2 complex consists of biotite+amphibole gabbros through qtz-monzonites, in gradational contact, and contains local pods of biotite- and amphibole-bearing olivine-orthopyroxenites and gabbronorites. Mineral compositions and field relations suggest that these lithologies were derived from a common crystallization sequence. The most primitive olivine-pyroxenite contains olivine and orthopyroxene in equilibrium with a melt with Mg# 54. Subsequent crystallization over a temperature range of 1025 to 700°C produced more evolved lithologies up to qtz-monzonites. Al-in-hornblende calculations for HLMC qtz-monzonites indicate a crystallization depth of 9-10 km, well into the upper crust. The early crystallization of amphibole requires a parental basalt with >6 wt% H2O, which may have enabled it to ascend into the upper crust due to decreased density and viscosity. However, the estimated parental melt is not primitive (rather than Mg# 70), suggesting that differentiation of a more mafic precursor parental melt in the lower crust modified the chemistry and rheological properties of the melt prior to its ascent into the upper crust.

Paleomagnetism of the Red Lake greenstone belt, northwestern Ontario: Possible evidence for the timing of gold mineralization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Constanzo-Alvarez, Vincenzo; Dunlop, David J.

1993-10-01

We report paleomagnetic results from (1) largely unaltered batholiths and (2) sheared and altered units in the Archean Red Lake greenstone belt, a major gold-producing region in the Uchi subprovince of northwestern Ontario. Group 1 includes the Hammell Lake, Killala Baird, Trout Lake and Little Vermilion Lake batholiths, which were intruded between 2730 and 2700 Ma ago (U/Pb, zircon). Group 2 includes the Howey diorite, the Dome Stock, and dikes and andesites from the Dickenson mine. These units, from the mineralized deformation zones (DZs) between the batholiths, were sheared and hydrothermally altered in the same event that caused gold mineralization in supracrustal units. The batholiths carry a stable reversed remanence (RLR), with D = 159 deg, I = -74 deg (k = 20, alpha(sub 95) = 16 deg, N = 4 units, 14 sites). RLR has high coercivities, unblocking temperatures and remanence intensities an appears to be a primary thermal remanence dating from approximately 2700 ma. The altered units from the gold-bearing Dzs carrying a different remanence (RLG), with D = 180 deg, I = -57 deg (k = 23, alpha (sub 95) = 3 deg, N = 3 units, 6 sites). RLG also has relatively high coercivities and unblocking temperatures but its magnetization intensities are 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than those of RLR. Opaque minerals and silicates observed in thin section are highly altered. RLG is therfore believed to be a chemical or thermochemical remanence acquired approximately 2580 Ma ago during the late stages of cooling and gold mineralization. Seeing as RLG characterizes the shear zone rocks but is absent from unaltered rocks outside the DZs, it could be used as a rapid prospecting tool in delineating areas of alteration and posible mineralization. The palepoles for RLR (approximately 2700 Ma) and RLG (approximately 2580 Ma) link with those of the Shelley Lake granite (2580 Ma, Ar-40/Ar-39, hornblende and biotite) and the Matachewan/Hearst dikes (2450 Ma, U/Pb, zircon and baddeleyite). The sense of motion on the late Archean-early Proterozoic apparent polar wander path for Laurentia, as defined by this sequence of pale poles, is opposite to that previously accepted.

Exhumation of the Ladakh batholith revealed through the combined analysis of bedrock and detrital zircon (U-Th)/He data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tripathy-Lang, A.; Fox, M.; Bohon, W.; Van Soest, M. C.; Hodges, K. V.; Dortch, J.

2013-12-01

Recent studies of the Ladakh batholith, in the northwestern Indian Himalaya, have yielded various hypotheses for its exhumation history and relationship with the evolution of the southwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, which is today bounded by the Karakoram fault. Different hypotheses are supported by various datasets with differing spatial and temporal resolution. First, low-temperature thermochronologic and thermobarometric data provide constraints on long term exhumation (10^6 - 10^7 yr) and suggest that the Ladakh batholith experienced multiple tilting events since ~40 Ma (Kirstein, Tectonophysics, 2011). Second, cosmogenic nuclide concentrations (CNCs), which provide evidence for erosion rates averaged over millennial timescales (10^2-10^4 yr), suggest that erosion rates increase toward the Karakoram fault (Dortch et al., Geomorphology, 2011). A third dataset comprises detrital zircon (U-Th)/He data obtained from the mouth of the Basgo catchment, on the southern flank of the Ladakh batholith (Tripathy-Lang et al., JGR-ES, 2013). This exceptionally large detrital dataset provides information about both the bedrock age distribution and recent erosion rates that sample different parts of the catchment. Interpreting this dataset requires an understanding of the erosion history at multiple timescales. To these already existing datasets, we add new bedrock zircon (U-Th)/He data from an age-elevation transect collected from the base to range crest of the Basgo catchment, which we use to verify models of bedrock age distribution. Through the combined analysis of the datasets, the resolution of both the long term exhumation rate and the spatial distribution of modern erosion rates can be greatly improved, thus advancing our understanding of this part of the Tibetan margin. With this aim, we use thermo-kinematic models to predict bedrock ages that we compare to our new bedrock data. We test different modern erosion rate distributions to generate synthetic detrital thermochronometric and CNC data. Through the comparison of predicted and measured data (both detrital thermochronometric data and CNC data) we infer long term exhumation histories and also modern erosion rate distribution.

Is the Isabella anomaly a fossil slab or the foundered lithospheric root of the Sierra Nevada batholith?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoots, C. R.; Schmandt, B.; Clayton, R. W.; Hansen, S. M.; Dougherty, S. L.

2015-12-01

The Isabella Anomaly is a volume of relatively high seismic velocity upper mantle beneath the southern Great Valley in California. We deployed ~45 broadband seismometers in central California to test two main hypotheses for the origin of the Isabella Anomaly. One suggests that the Isabella Anomaly is the foundered lithospheric root of the southern Sierra Nevada batholith, which delaminated on account of eclogite-rich composition and translated westward as it began to sink into the asthenosphere. The other hypothesis suggests that the Isabella Anomaly is a fossil slab fragment attached to the Monterey microplate that lies offshore of central California and thus it is mechanically coupled to the Pacific plate. Prior seismic imaging with ~70 km station spacing cannot resolve the landward termination of Monterey microplate lithosphere beneath coastal California or where/if the Isabella Anomaly is attached to North America lithosphere beneath the Great Valley. The new temporary broadband array consists of 40 broadband seismometers with ~7 km spacing extending from the central California coast to the western Sierra Nevada batholith, plus some outliers to fill gaps in the regional network coverage. The temporary array was initially deployed in early 2014 and will continue to record until October 2015 so the complete data are not yet available. Preliminary Ps scattered wave images show an abrupt ~6 km increase in Moho depth eastward across the San Andreas fault, a strong positive impedance contrast that dips westward from ~7-25 km beneath Great Valley, and a sharp Moho with a slight westward dip beneath the western edge of the Sierra Nevada batholith. Apparently low impedance contrast characterizes the Moho beneath the eastern Great Valley and foothills, consistent with near mantle velocities in the lower crust. Processing of the cumulative data that will be available in October 2015 and incorporation of new tomography models into scattered wave imaging are needed before assessing the significance of potential uppermost mantle interfaces that may represent edges of the Isabella Anomaly. Results from Ps and Sp scattered wave imaging, ambient noise surface wave tomography, teleseismic body-wave tomography, and teleseismic shear wave splitting will be presented.

Indirect estimation of the tectonic evolution of magnetic structures along the Indiavaí-Lucialva Shear Zone, Mato Grosso, Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Louro, V. H.; Ribeiro, V. B.; Mantovani, M. S.; Geolit Team

2013-05-01

The Indiavaí-Lucialva Shear Zone (ILSZ) has a notorious cinematic standard, moving from SW to NE, juxtaposing the Santa Helena Granitic Batholith to the metavolcanosedimentary sets and orthogneisses from the Jauru Domain basement. Along the ILSZ, a sequence of magnetic anomalies of high interference, with each other, and varied polarities occurs, what suggests the presence of different lithologies or times of (re)crystallization of the ferromagnetic minerals from these magnetic structures. In its southernmost portion, the sequence of magnetic anomalies splits in two directions, SW and SE, with the first invading the limits of the Santa Helena batholith and, the latest, accompanying the ILSZ. This study aimed for the comprehension of complex tectonic setting of this region. It analyzed the set of anomalies estimating their lateral limits, depths and directions of total magnetization, with the Enhanced Horizontal Derivatives (EHD), its extrapolation for depth estimative (EHD-Depth), and through an iterative reduction to the magnetic pole, respectively. This procedure allowed the composition of initial models for further inversions of magnetic data which, results, indicate contrasts of magnetic susceptibility in sub-surface. Once known the approximated 3-D shape of the magnetic structures along the ILSZ, the total magnetization intensity of each anomaly was recovered, what consequently allowed, by vector subtraction, to estimate their individual remnant magnetization. The remnant magnetization's inclinations and declinations of the anomalies sources and their latitudes and longitudes permitted the calculus of their respective virtual magnetic paleopoles. When confronted with the South American paleopole wander path and the datings linked to this path, available in the literature, it was possible to have an indirect approximation of the age of (re)crystallization of each magnetic structure near the ILSZ. This procedure indicated an increasing of the ages of the structures from SE (1298 Ma) to NW (1439 Ma). The southwestern anomalies invading the Santa Helena batholith showed ages of approximately 1419 Ma, what allows to infer their allocation with the rest of the intrusion of the batholith.; Total magnetic field map of the region of the ILSZ, locating the studied anomalies, mineral occurences and tectonic limits.

75 FR 55462 - Iraqi Sanctions Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-13

... Iraq. Section 207(a) of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (``IEEPA'') (50 U.S.C. 1706(a..., 2010. Stuart A. Levey, Under Secretary, Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, Department of...

CRANE WINCH MECHANISM, UPPER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

CRANE WINCH MECHANISM, UPPER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

ELECTRICAL SWITCHBOARD IN UPPER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

ELECTRICAL SWITCHBOARD IN UPPER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Evaluating the utility of detrital thermochronometric studies: detrital laser ablation (U-Th)/He dating and conventional bedrock zircon (U-Th)/He analyses from the eastern Sierra Nevada, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horne, A.; Hodges, K. V.; Van Soest, M. C.

2016-12-01

Recent applications of the newly developed `laser ablation double dating' (LADD) technique, an integrated laser microprobe U/Pb and (U-Th)/He dating method, have showcased the potential utility of LADD for detrital thermochronologic studies. However, detrital thermochronologic techniques rely on confidence that detrital data adequately represent the full range of bedrock cooling ages within a catchment. To test this primary assumption, we compare (U-Th)/He zircon ages from age-elevation transects to LADD (U-Th)/He zircon ages from modern fluvial detritus collected at the range front in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California. Terminated by a normal fault escarpment, the small, steep catchments along the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada batholith are apropos locations for comparing the ability of detrital data to deduce the exhumation history of a source terrain with standard age-elevation transects. Additionally, the exhumation of the Sierra Nevada batholith is also intriguing, as past evaluations of the post-emplacement exhumation history of the range have yielded discrepant results. Thus far, analyses from the southern extent of the eastern Sierra Nevada show narrow ranges of cooling ages consistent with simple, relatively rapid exhumation. Ongoing analyses will expand the dataset such that we can fully compare bedrock and detrital age ranges as well as characterize the exhumation history of the range with a thermochronometer that has not been used to date the batholith.

Geology and ore deposits of the Casto quadrangle, Idaho

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ross, Clyde P.

1934-01-01

The study of the Casto quadrangle was undertaken as the first item in a project to obtain more thorough knowledge of the general geology of southcentral Idaho on which to base study of the ore deposits of t he region. The quadrangle conta ins fragmentary exposures of Algonkian and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, extensive deposits of old volcanic strata, presumably Permian, not heretofore recognized in this part of Idaho, and a thick succession of Oligocene(?) lava and pyroclastic rocks. The Idaho batholith and its satellites extend into the quadrangle, and in addition there a re large masses of Tertiary granitic rock, not previously distinguished in Idaho, and many Tertiary dikes, some of which are genetically associated with contact-metamorphic deposits. The area contains injection gneiss of complex origin, largely related to the Idaho batholith but in part resulting from injection by ~he Tertiary granitic rocks under relatively light load. Orogenic movement took place in Algonkian, Paleozoic, and Tertiary time. There is a summit peneplain or par tial peneplain of Tertiary, perhaps Pliocene age, and the erosional history since its elevation has been complex. The ore deposits include lodes and placers. The lodes are related to both the Idaho batholith and the Tert iary intrusive rocks and have yielded gold and copper ore of a total value of about 1,000,000. Placers, largely formed in an interglacial inter val, have yielded about an equal amount. There has been some prospecting but almost no production since 1916.

The role of ridge subduction in determining the geochemistry and Nd–Sr–Pb isotopic evolution of the Kodiak batholith in southern Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ayuso, Robert A.; Haeussler, Peter J.; Bradley, Dwight C.; Farris, David W.; Foley, Nora K.; Wandless, Gregory A.

2009-01-01

The Paleocene Kodiak batholith, part of the Sanak–Baranof belt of Tertiary near-trench intrusive rocks, forms an elongate body (~ 150 km long) that transects Kodiak Island from SW to NE. The batholith consists of three zones (Southern, Central, and Northern) of kyanite-, muscovite-, and garnet-bearing biotite tonalite and granodiorite and less abundant granite that intruded an accretionary prism (Kodiak Formation, and Ghost Rocks Formation). Small and likely coeval bodies (Northern, Western, and Eastern satellite groups) of quartz gabbro, diorite, tonalite, granodiorite, and leucogranite flank the batholith. The batholith is calc-alkalic, has an aluminum saturation index of > 1.1, FeOt/(FeOt + MgO) ~ 0.65 (at SiO2 = 65 wt.%), and increases in SiO2 (~ 61 wt.%–73 wt.%) and decreases in TiO2 (~ 0.9 wt.%–0.3 wt.%) from SW to NE. As a group, the granitic rocks have light REE-enriched chondrite-normalized patterns with small or no negative Eu anomalies, primitive mantle-normalized negative anomalies for Nb and Ti, and positive anomalies for Pb. Small to large negative anomalies for Th are also distinctive. The quartz gabbros and diorites are generally characterized by generally flat to light REE chondrite-normalized patterns (no Eu anomalies), and mantle-normalized negative anomalies for Nb, Ti, and P. Pb isotopic compositions (206Pb/204Pb = 18.850–18.960; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.575–15.694; 208Pb/204Pb = 38.350–39.039) are intermediate between depleted mantle and average continental crust. The Southern zone and a portion of the Central zone are characterized by negative εNd values of − 3.7 to − 0.3 and TDM ages ranging from ~ 838 Ma to 1011 Ma. Other granitic rocks from the Central and Northern zones have higher εNd values of − 0.4 to + 4.7 and younger TDM ages of ~ 450 to 797 Ma. Granitic and mafic plutons from the Eastern satellites show a wide range of εNdvalues of − 2.7 to + 6.4, and TDM ages from 204 Ma to 2124 Ma. 87Sr/86Sr values of the Southern and Central zones overlap and tend to be slightly more radiogenic (87Sr/86Sr > 0.70426) than the Northern zone (87Sr/86Sr < 0.70472). 206Pb/204Pb values increase slightly from the Southern and Central zones toward the Northern zone. There is no clear correlation of the major or trace elements with εNd, Pb or Sr isotopic values. Kodiak Formation and the Ghost Rocks Formation overlap the isotopic compositions (e.g., 206Pb/204Pb = 18.978 to 19.165, 87Sr/86Sr of 0.705715 to 0.707118, and εNd of − 6.7 to − 1.5 at 59 Ma) and TDM values (959 to 1489 Ma) of the batholith. Production of large volumes of granitic rocks in the Sanak–Baranof belt, and particularly on Kodiak Island, reflects a sequence of processes that includes underplating of mantle-derived mafic (possibly from the mantle wedge) and intermediate rocks under the accretionary flysch, interlayering of mantle-derived and flyschoid rocks, and partial melting of the mixed lithologic assemblages. Limited degrees of fractional crystallization or assimilation and fractional crystallization influenced compositions of the granitic rocks. The contribution of mantle-derived rocks that resided in the accretionary prism for only a short period of time prior to partial melting likely exceeds 40% (up to 80%). The balance (60 to 20%) is from a recently recycled crustal component represented by the Kodiak Formation. This type of progressive intracrustal melting from mixed sources controlled the geochemical character of the batholith and is most consistent with the hypothesis that the granitic rocks are associated with a slab-window produced by collision of a spreading oceanic center and a subduction zone and migration beneath the accretionary prism.

Liberty, Authority, and Character Cultivation: John Stuart Mill's Revised Liberal Theories.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Ki Su

1988-01-01

The article examines educational changes recommended by Mill in his liberal political theories to point out some of the attempts of liberals to adjust themselves to changing historical circumstances. (CB)

Revival of oscillations from deaths in diffusively coupled nonlinear systems: Theory and experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zou, Wei; Sebek, Michael; Kiss, István Z.; Kurths, Jürgen

2017-06-01

Amplitude death (AD) and oscillation death (OD) are two structurally different oscillation quenching phenomena in coupled nonlinear systems. As a reverse issue of AD and OD, revival of oscillations from deaths attracts an increasing attention recently. In this paper, we clearly disclose that a time delay in the self-feedback component of the coupling destabilizes not only AD but also OD, and even the AD to OD transition in paradigmatic models of coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators under diverse death configurations. Using a rigorous analysis, the effectiveness of this self-feedback delay in revoking AD is theoretically proved to be valid in an arbitrary network of coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators with generally distributed propagation delays. Moreover, the role of self-feedback delay in reviving oscillations from AD is experimentally verified in two delay-coupled electrochemical reactions.

Revival of oscillations from deaths in diffusively coupled nonlinear systems: Theory and experiment.

PubMed

Zou, Wei; Sebek, Michael; Kiss, István Z; Kurths, Jürgen

2017-06-01

Amplitude death (AD) and oscillation death (OD) are two structurally different oscillation quenching phenomena in coupled nonlinear systems. As a reverse issue of AD and OD, revival of oscillations from deaths attracts an increasing attention recently. In this paper, we clearly disclose that a time delay in the self-feedback component of the coupling destabilizes not only AD but also OD, and even the AD to OD transition in paradigmatic models of coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators under diverse death configurations. Using a rigorous analysis, the effectiveness of this self-feedback delay in revoking AD is theoretically proved to be valid in an arbitrary network of coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators with generally distributed propagation delays. Moreover, the role of self-feedback delay in reviving oscillations from AD is experimentally verified in two delay-coupled electrochemical reactions.

Amplitude death induced by mixed attractive and repulsive coupling in the relay system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Nannan; Sun, Zhongkui; Xu, Wei

2018-01-01

The amplitude death (AD) phenomenon is found in the relay system in the presence of the mixed couplings composed of attractive coupling and repulsive coupling. The generation mechanism of AD is revealed and shows that the middle oscillator achieving AD is a prerequisite to further suppress oscillation of the outermost oscillators for the paradigmatic Stuart-Landau and Rössler models. Moreover, regarding the Stuart-Landau relay system as a small motif of star network, we also observe that the mixed couplings can facilitate AD state of the whole network system. Particularly, the threshold of coupling strength is invariable with the change of network size. Our findings may shed a new insight to explore the effects of hybrid coupling on complex systems, also provide a new strategy to control dynamic behaviors in engineering science and neuroscience fields.

Educating the Gifted: The Independent School Challenge.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bassett, Patrick F.

1983-01-01

A planned pilot program for gifted students at Stuart Hall College Preparatory School for Girls in Staunton, Virginia, will feature enrichment, mentorship, a mastery testing program, a counselor for the gifted, and inservice staff education. (CL)

VIEW OF SOUTHEAST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, VIEW TOWARDS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VIEW OF SOUTHEAST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, VIEW TOWARDS NORTHWEST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

PLANAR VIEW OF NORTHWEST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, VIEW ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

PLANAR VIEW OF NORTHWEST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, VIEW TOWARDS SOUTHEAST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

HANDMADE WOODEN RACK FOR TOOL STORE, LOWER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

HANDMADE WOODEN RACK FOR TOOL STORE, LOWER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

HARNESS END OF ELECTRIC TURBINE IN LOWER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

HARNESS END OF ELECTRIC TURBINE IN LOWER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Lock No. 1 St. Lucie Canal. Upper gate structure, masonry ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Lock No. 1- St. Lucie Canal. Upper gate structure, masonry plan- masonry elevations. - St. Lucie Canal, St. Lucie Lock No. 1, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

DETAIL INTERIOR VIEW OF CONTROL PANEL IN CONTROL STATION, VIEW ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL INTERIOR VIEW OF CONTROL PANEL IN CONTROL STATION, VIEW TOWARDS WEST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Control Station, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Correlation of infrared reflectance ratios at 2.3 microns/1.6 micron and 1.1 micron/1.6 micron with delta O-18 values delineating fossil hydrothermal systems in the Idaho batholith

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gillespie, A. R.; Criss, R. E.

1983-01-01

Reflectance ratios from laboratory spectra and airborne multispectral images are found to be strongly correlated with delta O-18 values of granite rocks in the Idaho batholith. The correlation is largely a result of interactions between hot water and rock, which lowered the delta O-18 values of the rocks and produced secondary hydrous material. Maps of the ratio of reflectivities at 2.3 and 1.6 microns should delineate fossil hydrothermal systems and provide estimates of alteration intensity. However, hydrous minerals produced during deuteric alteration or weathering cannot be unambiguously distinguished in remotely sensed images from the products of propylitic alteration without the use of narrow-band scanners. The reflectivity at 1.6 micron is strongly correlated with rock density and may be useful in distinguishing rock types in granitic terranes.

Geologic map of the Morena Reservoir 7.5-minute quadrangle, San Diego County, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Todd, Victoria R.

2016-06-01

IntroductionMapping in the Morena Reservoir 7.5-minute quadrangle began in 1980, when the Hauser Wilderness Area, which straddles the Morena Reservoir and Barrett Lake quadrangles, was mapped for the U.S. Forest Service. Mapping was completed in 1993–1994. The Morena Reservoir quadrangle contains part of a regional-scale Late Jurassic(?) to Early Cretaceous tectonic suture that coincides with the western limit of Jurassic metagranites in this part of the Peninsular Ranges batholith (PRB). This suture, and a nearly coincident map unit consisting of metamorphosed Cretaceous and Jurassic back-arc basinal volcanic and sedimentary rocks (unit KJvs), mark the boundary between western, predominantly metavolcanic rocks, and eastern, mainly metasedimentary, rocks. The suture is intruded and truncated by the western margin of middle to Late Cretaceous Granite Mountain and La Posta plutons of the eastern zone of the batholith.

Isotopic studies of the late Archean plutonic rocks of the Wind River Range, Wyoming.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stuckless, J.S.; Hedge, C.E.; Worl, R.G.; Simmons, K.R.; Nkomo, I.T.; Wenner, D.B.

1985-01-01

Two late Archaean intrusive events were documented in the Wind River Range by isotopic studies of the Rb-Sr and U-Th-Pb systems in whole-rock samples and the U-Pb systematics for zircon. An age of approx 2630(20) m.y. for the Louis Lake batholith and apparent ages of 2504(40) to 2575(50) m.y. for the Bear Ears pluton were obtained. Post-magmatic hydrothermal events approximately Tertiary in age, lowered delta 18O values and disturbed parent-daughter relationships in most of the isotopic systems investigated. The two intrusive units apparently were derived from different protoliths. Initial isotopic ratios and petrochemistry for the Louis Lake batholith are consistent with an early Archaean trondhjemitic to tonalitic source. The protolith for the Bear Ears pluton must have been subjected to high-grade metamorphism that caused loss of Rb and U prior to magma generation. -L.C.H.

77 FR 12593 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From the Ventron Corporation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-01

...: Facility: Ventron Corporation. Location: Beverly, Massachusetts. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All Atomic... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support...

OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHEAST AND SOUTHEAST SIDES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHEAST AND SOUTHEAST SIDES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, VIEW TOWARDS WEST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

DETAIL INTERIOR VIEW OF ELECTRIC GENERATOR ON UPPER LEVEL ON ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL INTERIOR VIEW OF ELECTRIC GENERATOR ON UPPER LEVEL ON HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

77 FR 49799 - Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Quarterly Listing of Program Issuances-April Through June 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-17

...-Approved Lung JoAnna Baldwin, MS.. (410) 786-7205 Volume Reduction Surgery Facilities. XIV Medicare-Approved Kate Tillman, RN, (410) 786-9252 Bariatric Surgery MAS. Facilities. XV Fluorodeoxyglucose Stuart...

76 FR 74843 - Release of Airport Property, Martin County Airport, Stuart, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-01

... restrictions, and will advance the interests of the United States in civil aviation. The FAA has preliminarily... the Surplus Property Act of 1944. Additionally, the release will not prevent accomplishing the purpose...

77 FR 10575 - National Science Board; Sunshine Act Meetings; Notice

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-22

... 9th and N. Stuart Streets entrance on the day of the teleconference to receive a visitor's badge... additional information and schedule updates (time, place, subject matter or status of meeting) may be found...

Effects of silicate weathering on water chemistry in forested, upland, felsic terrane of the USA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stauffer, Robert E.; Wittchen, Bruce D.

1991-11-01

We use data from the US EPA National Surface Water Survey (NSWS), the USGS Bench-Mark Station monitoring program, and the National Acid Deposition Program (NADP) to evaluate the role of weathering in supplying base cations to surface waters in forested, upland, felsic terrane of the northeastern, northcentral, and northwestern (Idaho batholith) United States. Multivariate regression reveals differential effects of discharge on individual base cations and silica, but no secular trend in the Ca/Na denudation rate over 24 yr (1965-1988) for the Wild River catchment in the White Mountains. Because the turn-over time for Na in the soil-exchange complex is only ca. 1.5 yr, the long-term behavior of the ratios Ca/Na and Si/Na in waters leaving this catchment indicates that weathering is compensating for base cation export. In every subregion, Ca and Mg concentrations in lakes are statistically linked to nonmarine Na, but the median Ca/Na ratio is greater than the ratio in local plagioclase. We attribute this inequality to nonstoichiometric weathering of calcium in juvenile (formerly glaciated) terrane, not to leaching of exchangeable cations by SO 4, because intraregional and cross-regional statistical analysis reveals no effect of atmospherically derived sulfate ion. The median base cation denudation rates (meq m -2 yr -1) for these American lake regions are: Maine granites (108); western Adirondack felsic gneiss (85); Vermilion batholith (42); Idaho batholith (52). The regional rates are high enough to compensate for present wet deposition of acidifying anions except in some vulnerable lake watersheds in the western Adirondacks.

Redox Pioneer: Professor Stuart A. Lipton

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Abstract Professor Stuart A. Lipton Stuart A. Lipton, M.D., Ph.D. is recognized here as a Redox Pioneer because of his publication of four articles that have been cited more than 1000 times, and 96 reports which have been cited more than 100 times. In the redox field, Dr. Lipton is best known for his work on the regulation by S-nitrosylation of the NMDA-subtype of neuronal glutamate receptor, which provided early evidence for in situ regulation of protein activity by S-nitrosylation and a prototypic model of allosteric control by this post-translational modification. Over the past several years, Lipton's group has pioneered the discovery of aberrant protein nitrosylation that may contribute to a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease). In particular, the phenotypic effects of rare genetic mutations may be understood to be enhanced or mimicked by nitrosative (and oxidative) modifications of cysteines and thereby help explain common sporadic forms of disease. Thus, Lipton has contributed in a major way to the understanding that nitrosative stress may result from modifications of specific proteins and may operate in conjunction with genetic mutation to create disease phenotype. Lipton (collaborating with Jonathan S. Stamler) has also employed the concept of targeted S-nitrosylation to produce novel neuroprotective drugs that act at allosteric sites in the NMDA receptor. Lipton has won a number of awards, including the Ernst Jung Prize in Medicine, and is an elected fellow of the AAAS. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 757–764. PMID:23815466

Data-adaptive harmonic spectra and multilayer Stuart-Landau models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chekroun, Mickaël D.; Kondrashov, Dmitri

2017-09-01

Harmonic decompositions of multivariate time series are considered for which we adopt an integral operator approach with periodic semigroup kernels. Spectral decomposition theorems are derived that cover the important cases of two-time statistics drawn from a mixing invariant measure. The corresponding eigenvalues can be grouped per Fourier frequency and are actually given, at each frequency, as the singular values of a cross-spectral matrix depending on the data. These eigenvalues obey, furthermore, a variational principle that allows us to define naturally a multidimensional power spectrum. The eigenmodes, as far as they are concerned, exhibit a data-adaptive character manifested in their phase which allows us in turn to define a multidimensional phase spectrum. The resulting data-adaptive harmonic (DAH) modes allow for reducing the data-driven modeling effort to elemental models stacked per frequency, only coupled at different frequencies by the same noise realization. In particular, the DAH decomposition extracts time-dependent coefficients stacked by Fourier frequency which can be efficiently modeled—provided the decay of temporal correlations is sufficiently well-resolved—within a class of multilayer stochastic models (MSMs) tailored here on stochastic Stuart-Landau oscillators. Applications to the Lorenz 96 model and to a stochastic heat equation driven by a space-time white noise are considered. In both cases, the DAH decomposition allows for an extraction of spatio-temporal modes revealing key features of the dynamics in the embedded phase space. The multilayer Stuart-Landau models (MSLMs) are shown to successfully model the typical patterns of the corresponding time-evolving fields, as well as their statistics of occurrence.

Synkinematic emplacement of the magmatic epidote bearing Major Isidoro tonalite-granite batholith: Relicts of an Ediacaran continental arc in the Pernambuco-Alagoas domain, Borborema Province, NE Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, Thyego R. da; Ferreira, Valderez P.; Lima, Mariucha M. Correia de; Sial, Alcides N.; Silva, José Mauricio R. da

2015-12-01

The Neoproterozoic Major Isidoro batholith (˜100 km2), composed of metaluminous to slightly peraluminous magmatic epidote-bearing tonalite to granite, is part of the Águas Belas-Canindé composite batholith, which intruded the Pernambuco-Alagoas Domain of the Borborema Province, northeastern Brazil. These rocks contain biotite, amphibole, titanite and epidote that often shows an allanite core as key mafic mineral phases. K-diorite mafic enclaves are abundant in this pluton as well as are amphibole-rich clots. The plutonic rocks are medium-to high-K calc-alkaline, with SiO2 varying from 59.1 to 71.6%, Fe# from 0.6 to 0.9 and total alkalis from 6.1 to 8.5%. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are moderately fractionated, show (La/Lu)N ratios from 13.6 to 31.8 and discrete negative Eu anomalies (0.48-0.85). Incompatible-element spidergrams exhibit negative Nb-Ta and Ti anomalies. This batholith was emplaced around 627 Ma (U-Pb SHRIMP zircon age) coevally with an amphibolite-facies metamorphic event in the region. It shows Nd-model age varying from 1.1 to 1.4 Ga, average ɛNd(627Ma) of -1.60 and back-calculated (627 Ma) initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.7069 to 0.7086. Inherited zircon cores that yielded 206Pb/238U ages from 800 to 1000 Ma are likely derived from rocks formed during the Cariris Velhos (1.1-0.9 Ga) orogenic event. These isotopic data coupled with calculated δ18O(w.r.) value of +8.75‰ VSMOW indicate an I-type source and suggest a reworked lower continental crust as source rock. A granodioritic orthogneiss next to the Major Isidoro pluton, emplaced along the Jacaré dos Homens transpressional shear zone, yielded a U-Pb SHRIMP zircon age of 642 Ma, recording early tectonic movements along this shear zone that separates the Pernambuco-Alagoas Domain to the north, from the Sergipano Domain to the south. The emplacement of the Major Isidoro pluton was synkinematic, coeval with the development of a regional flat-lying foliation, probably during the peak of metamorphism related to the convergence/contractional deformation of the São Francisco craton and Pernambuco-Alagoas block during the Brasiliano Orogeny.

Geochronology and thermochronology of Cretaceous plutons and metamorphic country rocks, Anyui-Chukotka fold belt, North East Arctic Russia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, E. L.; Katkov, S. M.; Strickland, A.; Toro, J.; Akinin, V. V.; Dumitru, T. A.

2009-09-01

U-Pb isotopic dating of seven granitoid plutons and associated intrusions from the Bilibino region (Arctic Chukotka, Russia) was carried out using the SHRIMP-RG. The crystallization ages of these granitoids, which range from approximately 116.9±2.5 to 108.5±2.7 Ma, bracket two regionally significant deformational events. The plutons cut folds, steep foliations and thrust-related structures related to sub-horizontal shortening at lower greenschist facies conditions (D1), believed to be the result of the collision of the Arctic Alaska-Chukotka microplate with Eurasia along the South Anyui Zone (SAZ). Deformation began in the Late Jurassic, based on fossil ages of syn-orogenic clastic strata, and involves strata as young as early Cretaceous (Valanginian) north of Bilibino and as young as Hauterivian-Barremian, in the SAZ. The second phase of deformation (D2) is developed across a broad region around and to the east of the Lupveem batholith of the Alarmaut massif and is interpreted to be coeval with magmatism. D2 formed gently-dipping, high-strain foliations (S2). Growth of biotite, muscovite and actinolite define S2 adjacent to the batholith, while chlorite and white mica define S2 away from the batholith. Sillimanite (± andalusite) at the southeastern edge the Lupveem batholith represent the highest grade metamorphic minerals associated with D2. D2 is interpreted to have developed during regional extension and crustal thinning. Extension directions as measured by stretching lineations, quartz veins, boudinaged quartz veins is NE-SW to NW-SE. Mapped dikes associated with the plutons trend mostly NW-SE and indicate NE-SW directed extension. 40Ar/39Ar ages from S2 micas range from 109.3±1.2 to 103.0±1.8 Ma and are interpreted as post-crystallization cooling ages following a protracted period of magmatism and high heat flow. Regional uplift and erosion of many kilometers of cover produced a subdued erosional surface prior to the eruption of volcanic rocks of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt (OCVB) whose basal units (~87 Ma) overlie this profound regional unconformity. A single fission track age on apatite from granite in the Alarmaut massif yielded an age of 90±11 Ma, in good agreement with this inference.

Tonalites in crustal evolution

USGS Publications Warehouse

Barker, F.; Arth, Joseph G.; Hudson, T.

1981-01-01

Tonalites, including trondhjemite as a variety, played three roles through geological time in the generation of Earth's crust. Before about 2.9 Ga ago they were produced largely by simple partial melting of metabasalt to give the dominant part of Archaean grey gneiss terranes. These terranes are notably bimodal; andesitic rocks are rare. Tonalites played a crucial role in the generation of this protocontinental and oldest crust 3.7-2.9 Ga ago in that they were the only low-density, high-SiO2 rocks produced directly from basaltic crust. In the enormous event giving the greenstone-granite terranes, mostly 2.8-2.6 Ga ago, tonalites formed in lesser but still important proportions by partial melting of metabasalt in the lower regions of down-buckled greenstone belts and by remobilization of older grey gneisses. Tectonism in the Archaean (3.9-2.5 Ga ago) perhaps was controlled by small-cell convection (McKenzie & Weiss I975). Little or no ophiolite or eclogite formed, and only minor andesite. Plate tectonics of modern type (involving large, rigid plates) commenced in the early Proterozoic. Uniformitarianism thus goes back one-half of the age of the earth. Tonalites compose about 5-10 % of crust generated in Proterozoic and Phanerozoic time at convergent oceanic-continental margins. They occur here as minor to prominent members of the compositionally continuous continental-margin batholiths. A simple model of generation of these batholiths is offered: mantle-derived mafic magma pools in the lower crust above a subduction zone reacts with and incorporates wall-rock components (Bowen I922), and breaches its roof rocks as an initial diapir. This mantle magma also develops a gradient of partial melting in its wall rocks. This wall-rock melt accretes in the collapsed chamber and moves up the conduit broached by the initial diapir, the higher, less siliceous fractions of melting first, the lower, more siliceous (and further removed) fractions of melting last. The process gives in the optimum case a mafic-to-siliceous sequence of diorite or quartz diorite through tonalite or quartz monzodiorite to granodiorite and granite. The model implies that great masses of cumulate phases and refractory wall rock form the roots of continental- margin batholiths, and that migmatites overlie that residuum and underlie the batholiths.

76 FR 22900 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From Ames Laboratory in Ames...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-25

... as follows: Facility: Ames Laboratory. Location: Ames, Iowa. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and...

75 FR 58390 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From the Vitro Manufacturing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-24

... Manufacturing. Location: Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All employees who worked in any...: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Interim Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support, National Institute...

75 FR 24957 - Decision to Evaluate a Petition to Designate a Class of Employees From BWX Technologies Inc...

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2010-05-06

.... Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All Atomic Weapons Employer employees. Period of Employment: January 1... INFORMATION CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Interim Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support...

75 FR 22409 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From the Sandia National...

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2010-04-28

.... Location: Albuquerque, New Mexico. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All employees who worked within the... CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Interim Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support, National...

Predicting Treatment Effect from Surrogate Endpoints and Historical Trials | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

By Stuart G. Baker, 2017 Introduction This software fits a zero-intercept random effects linear model to data on surrogate and true endpoints in previous trials. Requirement:  Mathematica Version 11 or later. |

77 FR 67665 - National Register of Historic Places; Notification of Pending Nominations and Related Actions

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2012-11-13

... Mill, Jesus Barcinas Rd., Merizo, 12000973 INDIANA Porter County Meyer, Dr. John and Gerda, House, 360..., 345 Main St., East Aurora, 12000981 Herkimer County Perry, Stuart and William Swezey Houses, 7541...

Geologic Map of the Sheep Hole Mountains 30' x 60' Quadrangle, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Howard, Keith A.

2002-01-01

This data set describes and maps the geology of the Sheep Hole Mountains 30' x 60' quadrangle in southern California. The quadrangle covers an area of the Mojave Desert characterized by desert ranges separated by broad basins. Ranges include parts of the Old Woman, Ship, Iron, Coxcomb, Pinto, Bullion, and Calumet mountains as well as Lead Mountain and the Kilbeck Hills. Basins include part of Ward Valley, part of Cadiz Valley including Cadiz Lake playa, and broad valleys occupied by the Bristol Lake and Dale Lake playas. Bedrock geologic units in the ranges range in age from Proterozoic to Quaternary. The valleys expose Neogene and Quaternary deposits. Proterozoic granitoids in the quadrangle include the Early Proterozoic Fenner Gneiss, Kilbeck Gneiss, Dog Wash Gneiss, granite of Joshua Tree, the (highly peraluminous granite) gneiss of Dry Lakes valley, and a Middle Proterozoic granite. Proterozoic supracrustal rocks include the Pinto Gneiss of Miller (1938) and the quartzite of Pinto Mountain. Early Proterozoic orogeny left an imprint of metamorphic mineral assemblages and fabrics in the older rocks. A Cambrian to Triassic sequence deposited on the continental shelf lies above a profound nonconformity developed on the Proterozoic rocks. Small metamorphosed remnants of this sequence in the quadrangle include rocks correlated to the Tapeats, Bright Angel, Bonanza King, Redwall, Bird Spring, Hermit, Coconino, Kaibab, and Moenkopi formations. The Dale Lake Volcanics (Jurassic), and the McCoy Mountains Formation of Miller (1944)(Cretaceous and Jurassic?) are younger Mesozoic synorogenic supracrustal rocks in the quadrangle. Mesozoic intrusions form much of the bedrock in the quadrangle, and represent a succession of magmatic arcs. The oldest rock is the Early Triassic quartz monzonite of Twentynine Palms. Extensive Jurassic magmatism is represented by large expanses of granitoids that range in composition from gabbro to syenogranite. They include the Virginia May Quartz Monzonite and other members of the Bullion Intrusive Suite, the Chubbock Porphyry, and rocks that form the Goat Basin pluton, Music Valley pluton, and Ship Mountains pluton. The Jurassic plutons range in emplacement depths from mid-crustal to hypabysasal. Mafic and felsic dikes that probably are part of the Late Jurassic Independence dike swarm intrude the Jurassic batholithic rocks. A Mesozoic ductile fault (tectonic slide), the Scanlon thrust, places an inverted sequence of lower Paleozoic rocks and their Proterozoic basement over a lower plate of younger Paleozoic and Triassic rocks. The lower- plate rocks are internally sliced and folded. They in turn are superposed along an attenuation tectonic slide, the Kilbeck fault, over highly strained tectonic schist. The major tectonic slides and associated fabrics are cut by Late Cretaceous batholithic rocks. Widespread Late Cretaceous granitoids assigned to the Cadiz Valley batholith and the Old-Woman Piute Range batholith together form a contiguous super-unit of granite and granodiorite compositions. The Old- Woman Piute Range batholith includes the granite of Sweetwater Wash in the Painted Rock pluton and the Old Woman Mountains Granodiorite forming the Old Woman pluton. The large Cadiz Valley batholith is divided into the Iron Mountains Intrusive Suite and the Coxcomb Intrusive Suite. The Iron Mountains Intrusive Suite includes the Granite Pass Granite (which forms the Granite Pass pluton), the Danby Lake Granite Gneiss, and the Iron Granodiorite Gneiss. The Coxcomb Intrusive Suite consists of many units including the Clarks Pass Granodiorite, the Sheep Hole Mountains Granodiorite (forms the Sheep Hole Mountains pluton), and the Sheep Hole Pass Granite (forms the Sheep Hole Pass pluton). The Cretaceous rocks were emplaced at a range of deep to shallow depths, and their intrusion resulted in an aureole 2-3 km wide in older rocks. Mylonitic fabrics developed through a thickness of >1.3 km, together

78 FR 41400 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From the Kansas City Plant in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-10

...: Facility: Kansas City Plant. Location: Kansas City, Missouri. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All employees... INFORMATION CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support, [[Page...

76 FR 72929 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From Titanium Alloys...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-28

... Manufacturing. Location: Niagara Falls, New York. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All employees who worked in any... INFORMATION CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support, National...

Research Using ASDC Data Products

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2013-04-18

Research using ASDC Data Products   Please Contact Us if you would like to contribute your research.     "An investigation into the performance of ... data," (PDF 4MB) Stuart A. Young, C.S.I.R.O. Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, VIC, Australia. Photosynthetically Active ...

OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHWEST AND NORTHEAST SIDES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHWEST AND NORTHEAST SIDES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, OLD BYPASS IN BACKGROUND, VIEW TOWARDS SOUTH - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

DETAIL OF WESTINGHOUSE AND B. MORGAN SMITH NAMEPLATES ON ELECTRIC ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DETAIL OF WESTINGHOUSE AND B. MORGAN SMITH NAMEPLATES ON ELECTRIC GENERATOR IN UPPER LEVEL OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Publications - GMC 95 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

Science.gov Websites

DGGS GMC 95 Publication Details Title: X-ray diffraction analysis of seven core samples from the information. Bibliographic Reference Bergman, S.C., and Stuart, C.J., 1988, X-ray diffraction analysis of

Millian Liberal Feminism Today.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tulloch, Gail

1989-01-01

It is proposed that John Stuart Mill's principles on liberal feminism are still relevant and have not yet been fully implemented. A Millian account of equality of opportunity and discrimination is developed, and current measures in the field of sexual equality are critiqued. (Author/MSE)

Understanding the Role of Heat Recirculation in Enhancing the Speed of Premixed Laminar Flames in a Parallel Plate Micro-Combustor

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Stuart Antman © Copyright by [Ananthanarayanan Veeraragavan] [2009...Engineering, Univ. Maryland. I thank the other members of my advisory committee (Professors Antman , Marshall, Akin, and Jackson) for their willingness

Accountability--A Historical Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keefover, Karen Shade

1983-01-01

Asserts that existing accountability policies assume that a single behaviorist theory is the one best system for effective education. Examines the pitfalls of the one-system approach through the examples of John Stuart Mill's utilitarian upbringing and "Gradgrindism" in Charles Dickens' novel "Hard Times." (SK)

School Violence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hinkle, William G., Ed.; Henry, Stuart, Ed.

2000-01-01

This volume presents papers from a 1998 conference on school violence in Valparaiso, Indiana. The papers include: "What is School Violence? An Integrated Definition" (Stuart Henry); "Violence in Schools: Rage against a Broken World" (J. Scott Staples); "Listening to What the Streets Say: Vengeance as Ideology?" (Ralph…

Partisanship and Neutrality in Teaching American Government.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glenn, Gary D.

1979-01-01

Questions the proper position for a teacher of political science regarding partisan controversy over issues such as ERA, the womens' movement, racism, and affirmative action. Examines writings on partisanship by social scientists David Easton, Max Weber, and John Stuart Mill. (Author/DB)

OBLIQUE VIEW OF SOUTHEAST AND SOUTHWEST SIDES OF UPPER GATE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

OBLIQUE VIEW OF SOUTHEAST AND SOUTHWEST SIDES OF UPPER GATE MACHINERY HOUSES WITH HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE IN BACKGROUND - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Machinery Houses, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Applications of zeta functions and other spectral functions in mathematics and physics: a special issue in honour of Stuart Dowker's 75th birthday Applications of zeta functions and other spectral functions in mathematics and physics: a special issue in honour of Stuart Dowker's 75th birthday

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dowker, Fay; Elizalde, Emilio; Kirsten, Klaus

2012-09-01

John Stuart Dowker was born in Sheffield, Yorkshire, on 18 March 1937. His life, therefore, was very much influenced by the Second World War. This is evident as his father died on active service in 1945, after being called up in 1941. His grandfather also died shortly afterwards, so he did not know either of them very well. Nevertheless, it seems that he picked up a positive attitude towards natural sciences as both were technically minded. His mother later provided, often from borrowed money, all the necessary intellectual food in forms of chemistry sets, slide rules and other things that a boy needed to develop his interests. Stuart scored excellently in the 11-plus exam, which was used to decide the type of school a pupil should attend after primary school. Although Stuart was generally allowed to do what he wanted, his mother insisted that he chose King Edward VII Grammar School (KES), the top school in Sheffield at the time. KES allowed Stuart to fully develop his intellectual abilities, and after the S-level exam he received a prestigious state scholarship which allowed him to study at any university in the country. He picked Nottingham over other possibilities, mainly because of his interest in electronics and because of the relative proximity to his family. In Nottingham, where he stayed from 1955 to 1958, his research concentration turned out to be mostly solid state physics. But with time on his hands, Stuart raided the library and taught himself things like complex analysis and quantum mechanics, with de Broglie's La mécanique ondulatoire [1] as one of his favorites. Remarkably, this book already contains a discussion of quantization on curved configuration spaces, a setting so relevant in Stuart's later career. Stuart wanted to investigate quantum field theory for his doctoral thesis. So he wrote, among others, to Rudolph Peierls in Birmingham, and, after being interviewed by Peierls himself and J G Valatin, he received an offer of a PhD position. He went to Birmingham in 1958, where his supervisor was Leonardo Castillejo, best known from the Castillejo-Dalitz-Dyson-ambiguity see [2]. His thesis involved stripping theory, and on this topic he wrote his first ever publication [3]. Takeaways from that time were that sometimes one simply has to do what one is told, and even more importantly, sometimes one has to get on with a calculation and 'just roll through it'. It was also around that period that Stuart started to learn quantum field theory properly following the developments of Feynman. After his PhD, it was Peierls who helped him to find a position at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia in 1961, which he accepted before he received an offer from CERN. In retrospect, this was probably fortunate as it is where he met his wife, Pwu Yih, to whom he has been married for nearly 50 years. Scientifically he remained somewhat isolated there and spent much of his time learning more about quantum field theory, for example by reading Bogoliubov and Shirkov [4]. His entry point for general relativity was Eddington's The Mathematical Theory of Relativity [5], which together with the works of Julian Schwinger and Bryce de Witt were the most influential ones at that time. A shift of focus to questions in quantum field theory in curved space time took place. After his stay in Philadelphia, in 1963, helped by connections between Abe Klein and Brian Flowers, he went to the University of Manchester, where he remains to this day. This period was only briefly interrupted by a sabbatical in 1978 to 1979 at Austin following an invitation by Bryce de Witt. Looking back, it seems there were two major driving forces or principles that determined much of Stuart's selection of research projects. One of them is the method of images, about which he says: '...it intrigued me that one problem (charge + plane) could be got from another (just charge) by geometrical reasoning plus uniqueness. Thomson's book [6] took this further. Chapter 5 is devoted to the image and inversion methods and I must have read this closely as there are lots of marginal notes...' The second principle can be read off from the following quote: 'After reading Eddington circa 1960 it was clear to me (and others of course) there is a strong analogy (at least) between gravitation and electromagnetism ... (His work has very strongly influenced me.) So I played a game of asking for the gravitational analogues of existing electromagnetic concepts. The basic analogue is between field strength/charge and curvature/spin... [in that] ...spin, in general relativity, plays the passive role that charge plays in electromagnetism in the sense that it is the spin-curvature coupling that knocks a particle off a geodesic.' It is quite amazing how much of Stuart's work can be traced back to these principles. This is briefly explained in the following by describing some of his most important works. His most cited work [7] fits this bill and can be seen as doing what Julian Schwinger did in [8], for a constant electromagnetic field in the gravitational setting. In more detail he noticed Schulman's work on propagators on the three sphere [9], which he extended to Lie groups; see [10, 11]. He then noticed that having exact propagators, work like Schwinger's could be done and de Sitter space was a natural 'curved' candidate. The paper is best known for the mathematical technique introduced, namely for the zeta function method much used since for the computation of singular quantum field theoretic quantities like effective actions and the Casimir energy. The motivation for introducing this scheme goes back to reading an article of I M Gel'fand about some number theory problem involving zeta functions, image sums, propagators etc. How could an object occurring with other objects physicists were using all the time not be useful? It turned out to be very useful, although in this paper the method was only introduced but actually not used! This is probably the reason that his paper did not receive the same recognition as the one by Hawking [12], where zeta function regularization was mentioned in the title and where it was actually applied to examples in the article. Of course, Stuart's and Raymond's paper hit the pulse of the time in that after Stephen Hawking's announcement about Hawking radiation [13], the quantum field theory in curved space-time frenzy began. He had been interested in that subject for a while, the most important influence being de Witt's Les Houches lectures and also Chris Isham, who introduced him to Dennis Sciama's Oxford group, including Philip Candelas and Derek Raine, in 1973. The project about de Sitter space got somewhat delayed by work on path integrals and the ordering problem until Ray Critchley came by looking for a PhD topic. Several more of his best known papers are in the context of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. In the article [14], conformal transformations play a fundamental role. They are used to transform static manifolds to ultra-static ones where a high-temperature expansion of the effective action can be done. The result has since been rediscovered many times for special cases. In the process they also showed results about the conformal transformation of heat kernel coefficients claimed later on by mathematicians. The paper by Kennedy, Critchley and Dowker [15] belongs in the same context. Deutsch and Candelas had shown the occurrence of non-integrable singularities near boundaries of the Casimir energy densities, which made it impossible to obtain global energies by naively integrating local quantities. To resolve that problem, the needed surface counterterms for an arbitrarily shaped smooth boundary in curved space were computed. How does the paper [16] fit into the general scheme? The seed to considering this topic was probably planted when Yakir Aharonov was visiting Birmingham in 1958. In the Aharonov-Bohm effect we have an electromagnetic field with finite extension that impacts particles never entering that region. What is the gravitational analogue for that situation? The analogue concerns the impact a localized curvature has, and the cone is an excellent example to shed light on that question. Related to the method of images, Stuart has done an enormous amount of work on the influence of topology and curvature on quantum field theory. An example is [17], where the vacuum stress-energy tensor for Clifford-Klein forms of the flat or spherical type were computed. Another strand we would like to mention is Stuart's interest in higher spin equations. In [18], Steven Weinberg wrote down a set of higher spin equations that took his fancy. They involved angular momentum theory, which has always pleased Stuart, and the description was an alternative to Roger Penrose's use of two-spinors. Investigating the inconsistencies that arose on coupling to gauge theories, Stuart extended the classic results in [19], from electromagnetism to gravity in accordance with his general philosophy; see, e.g., [20, 21, 22]. Lately, Stuart is best known for his many applications in the context of zeta function regularization and its applications to quantum field theory under external conditions and spectral theory. He can be considered the world expert on particular case calculations with a knowledge of the literature, old and recent, that is not seen very often and which originated in the many hours spent at different (mostly British) libraries. His attitude towards explicit computations is nicely summarized by himself: 'I have always been interested in exact solutions, even if unphysical, so long as they are pretty. They seem to be working mechanisms that fit together, complete in themselves, like a watch.' The following issue in honour of Stuart's 75th birthday contains contributions that touch upon the various topics he has worked on. References [1] de Broglie L 1928 La mécanique ondulatoire (Paris: Gauthier-Villars) [2] Castillejo L, Dalitz R H and Dyson F J 1956 Low's scattering equation for the charged and neutral scalar theories Phys. Rev. 101 453 [3] Dowker J S 1961 Application of the Chew and Low extrapolation procedure to K- + d → Y + N + π absorption reactions Il Nuovo Cimento 10 182 [4] Bogoliubov N N and Shirkov D V 1959 Introduction to the Theory of Quantized Fields (New York: Interscience) [5] Eddington A S 1923 The Mathematical Theory of Relativity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) [6] Thomson J J 1909 Elements of Electricity and Magnetism 4th edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) [7] Dowker J S and Critchley R 1976 Effective Lagrangian and energy momentum tensor in de Sitter space Phys. Rev. D 13 3224 [8] Schwinger J 1951 On gauge invariance and vacuum polarization Phys. Rev. 82 664 [9] Schulman L S 1968 A path integral for spin Phys. Rev. 176 1558 [10] Dowker J S 1970 When is the sum over classical paths exact? J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 3 451 [11] Dowker J S 1971 Quantum mechanics on group space and Huygens' principle Ann. Phys. 62 361 [12] Hawking S W 1977 Zeta function regularization of path integrals in curved space-time Comm. Math. Phys. 55133 [13] Hawking S W 1974 Black hole explosions Nature 248 30 [14] Dowker J S and Kennedy G 1978 Finite temperature and boundary effects in static space-times J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 11 895 [15] Kennedy G, Critchley R and Dowker J S 1980 Finite temperature field theory with boundaries: stress tensor and surface action renormalization Ann. Phys. 125 346 [16] Dowker J S 1977 Quantum field theory on a cone J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 10 115 [17] Dowker J S and Banach R 1978 Quantum field theory on Clifford-Klein space-times. The effective Lagrangian and vacuum stress-energy tensor J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 11 2255 [18] Weinberg S 1964 Feynman rules for any spin Phys. Rev. 133 B1318 [19] Fierz M and Pauli W 1939 On relativistic wave equations for particles of arbitrary spin in an electromagnetic field Proc. Roy. Soc. A 173 221 [20] Dowker J S and Dowker Y P 1966 Particles of arbitrary spin in curved spaces Proc. Phys. Soc. (Lond.) 87 65 [21] Dowker J S and Dowker Y P 1966 Interactions of massless particles of arbitrary spin Proc. Roy. Soc. A 294 175 [22] Dowker J S 1972 Propagators for arbitrary spin in an Einstein universe Ann. Phys. 71 577

Veins in the northern part of the Boulder batholith, Montana

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pinckney, D.M.

1965-01-01

About 20 miles north of Butte and extending nearly to Helena, is an area of 350 square miles containing hundreds of veins and altered zones. The bedrock of the area is 1) late Cretaceous volcanic rocks, forerunners of the Boulder batholith, 2) the Boulder batholith of late Cretaceous to early Tertiary age and 3) two groups of Tertiary volcanic rocks lying on the eroded batholith. The veins are post-batholith and pre-Tertiary in age. The veins are largely either quartz-sulfide veins of mesothermal type or chalcedony veins of epithermal type. The relations of these two types of veins have been the subject of conflicting ideas for 60 years. Three workers have proposed three different genetic classifications. This report shows that the quartz veins and the chalcedony veins are closely related parts of a strongly zoned hypogene vein system. Strong zonal patterns were established using the grain size of quartz (or pyrite vs. carbonate in one district) as well as features of the altered rocks. The scale of the zoning ranges from single veins through groups of veins or mining districts to the entire mineralized area. Single veins are zoned around a core of coarse-grained quartz; the quartz outward from the core becoming progressively finer-grained. The cores are zoned around eight major centers and several lesser ones. The centers and their nearby related veins are assigned to central, intermediate, and peripheral zones. Nearly all of the veins around the edge of the mineralized area are chalcedony. Envelopes of altered rocks consist of seven major bands representing three major groups of constituents, aluminum silicates, iron-bearing minerals, and silica. Plagioclase altered successively to montomorillite, kaolinite, and sericite; potassium feldspar altered to sericite (aluminum silicate group). Biotite released iron which formed successively, iron oxides, iron-bearing carbonate, and pyrite (iron-bearing minerals). Excess silica formed silicified bands. Constituents for which no stable phase occurs were largely leached from the rocks. A model has been constructed showing the arrangement of zoned veins and altered rocks in which the minerals produced by alteration are arranged in bands on each side of the vein, similar to the Butte pattern. Along strike from the cores, the inner bands thin and pinch out against the vein so that the vein becomes enclosed successively in the next outer bands. The sequence of alteration minerals along the veins is sericite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite for the aluminum silicates; and pyrite, carbonate, and iron oxides for the iron-bearing minerals. Alteration is thought to be controlled by reactions between wallrock minerals and the pore solution. In the aluminum silicate reactions, H+ was added to the rock and Na+ and Ca++ were removed. Carbon and sulfur from the vein were added to iron of the wallrock to produce pyrite and iron carbonate. Carbon, sulfur, and hydrogen moved into the wallrock, while Ca++, Na+, and some SiO2 moved toward the vein along concentration or activity gradients. Temperatures during mineralization ranged from below 200? C to about 350? C.

Geologic map of the Chelan 30-minute by 60-minute quadrangle, Washington

USGS Publications Warehouse

Tabor, R.W.; Frizzell, V.A.; Whetten, J.T.; Waitt, R.B.; Swanson, D.A.; Byerly, G.R.; Booth, D.B.; Hetherington, M.J.; Zartman, R.E.

1987-01-01

Summary -- The Chelan quadrangle hosts a wide variety of rocks and deposits and display a long geologic history ranging from possible Precambrian to Recent. Two major structures, the Leavenworth and Entiat faults divide cross the quadrangle from southeast to northwest and bound the Chiwaukum 'graben', a structural low preserving Tertiary sedimentary rocks between blocks of older, metamorphic and igneous rocks. Pre-Tertiary metamorphic rocks in the quadrangle are subdivided into five major tectonostratigraphic terranes: (1) the Ingalls terrane, equivalent to the Jurassic Ingalls Tectonic Complex of probable mantle and deep oceanic rocks origin, (2) the Nason terrane, composed of the Chiwaukum Schist and related gneiss, (3) the Swakane terrane, made up entirely of the Swakane Biotite Gneiss, a metamorphosed, possibly Precambrian, sedimentary and/or volcanic rock, (4) the Mad River terrane composed mostly of the rocks of the Napeequa River area (Napeequa Schist), a unit of oceanic protolith now considered part of the Chelan Mountains terrane (the Mad River terrane has been abandoned, 2001), and (5) the Chelan Mountains terrane, dominated by the Chelan Complex of Hopson and Mattinson (1971) which is composed of migmatite and gneissic to tonalite of deep-seated igneous and metamorphic origin.During an episode of Late Cretaceous regional metamorphism, all the terranes were intruded by deepseated tonalite to granodiorite plutons, including the Mount Stuart batholith, Ten Peak and Dirty Face plutons, and the Entiat pluton and massive granitoid rocks of the Chelan Complex. The Duncan Hill pluton intruded rocks of the Chelan Mountains terrane in the Middle Eocene. At about the same time fluvial arkosic sediment of the Chumstick Formation was deposited in a depression. The outpouring of basalt lavas to the southeast of the quadrangle during the Miocene built up the Columbia River Basalt Group. These now slightly warped lavas lapped onto the uplifted older rocks. Deformation, uplift, and erosion recorded in the rocks and deposits of the quadrangle continued into post-Miocene time. Quaternary deposits reflect advances of glaciers down the major valleys, a complicated history of catastrophic glacial floods down the Columbia River, the formation of lakes in the Columbia and Wenatchee river valleys by landslides and flood backwaters, and hillslope erosion by large and small landslides and debris flows.

Interview with Dr. Stuart O. Nelson

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Research equipment and techniques used in exploring effects of radio-frequency (RF) dielectric heating on materials of interest in agriculture are described. Research findings are summarized for studies on stored-grain insect control by RF selective heating of the insects and resulting insect morta...

Rocking the Baltimore Boat.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrington-Lueker, Donna

1994-01-01

Intelligent, abrasive, and combative, Baltimore County School Superintendent Stuart Berger is committed to fighting hard for change. Charged with implementing the district's ambitious educational objectives, Berger has pushed for all-day kindergartens, school breakfast programs, an office of family services, improved middle school programs, and a…

Ethical Considerations in Technology Transfer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Froehlich, Thomas J.

1991-01-01

Examines ethical considerations involved in the transfer of appropriate information technology to less developed countries. Approaches to technology are considered; two philosophical frameworks for studying ethical considerations are discussed, i.e., the Kantian approach and the utilitarian perspective by John Stuart Mill; and integration of the…

76 FR 57068 - Board Meeting; Sunshine Act Meetings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-15

..., 9 a.m.-1:30 p.m. PLACE: 901 N. Stuart Street, Tenth Floor, Arlington, Virginia 22203. STATUS: Open... Directors Strategic Planning President and Management Report Communications Strategy Advisory Council Next... Board of Directors Strategic Planning President and Management Report Communications Strategy Advisory...

Geologic map of the east half of the Lime Hills 1:250,000-scale quadrangle, Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gamble, Bruce M.; Reed, Bruce L.; Richter, Donald H.; Lanphere, Marvin A.

2013-01-01

This map is compiled from geologic mapping conducted between 1985 and 1992 by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program. That mapping built upon previous USGS work (1963–1988) unraveling the magmatic history of the Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith. Quaternary unit contacts depicted on this map are derived largely from aerial-photograph interpretation. K-Ar ages made prior to this study have been recalculated using 1977 decay constants. The east half of the Lime Hills 1:250,000-scale quadrangle includes part of the Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith and several sequences of sedimentary rocks or mixed sedimentary and volcanic rocks. The Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith contains rocks that represent three major igneous episodes, (1) Early and Middle Jurassic, (2) Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary, and (3) middle Tertiary; only rocks from the latter two episodes are found in this map area. The map area is one of very steep and rugged terrain; elevations range from a little under 1,000 ft (305 m) to 9,828 ft (2,996 m). Foot traverses are generally restricted to lowermost elevations. Areas suitable for helicopter landings can be scarce at higher elevations. Most of the area was mapped from the air, supplemented by direct examination of rocks where possible. This restricted access greatly complicates understanding some of the more complex geologic units. For example, we know there are plutons whose compositions vary from gabbro to granodiorite, but we have little insight as to how these phases are distributed and what their relations might be to each other. It is also possible that some of what we have described as compositionally complex plutons might actually be several distinct intrusions.

Birth, life, and demise of the Andean-syn-collisional Gissar arc: Late Paleozoic tectono-magmatic-metamorphic evolution of the southwestern Tian Shan, Tajikistan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Worthington, James R.; Kapp, Paul; Minaev, Vladislav; Chapman, James B.; Mazdab, Frank K.; Ducea, Mihai N.; Oimahmadov, Ilhomjon; Gadoev, Mustafo

2017-10-01

The amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt in the southwestern Tian Shan in Tajikistan is represented by tectono-magmatic-metamorphic processes that accompanied late Paleozoic ocean closure and collision between the Karakum-Tarim and Kazakh-Kyrgyz terranes. Integrated U-Pb geochronology, thermobarometry, pseudosection modeling, and Hf geochemistry constrain the timing and petro-tectonic nature of these processes. The Gissar batholith and the Garm massif represent an eastward, along-strike increase in paleodepth from upper-batholith ( 21-7 km) to arc-root ( 36-19 km) levels of the Andean-syn-collisional Gissar arc, which developed from 323-288 Ma in two stages: (i) Andean, I-type granitoid magmatism from 323-306 Ma due to northward subduction of the Gissar back-arc ocean basin under the Gissar microcontinent, which was immediately followed by (ii) syn-collisional, I-S-type granitoid magmatism in the Gissar batholith and the Garm massif from 304-288 Ma due to northward subduction/underthrusting of Karakum marginal-continental crust under the Gissar microcontinent. A rapid isotopic pull-up from 288-286 Ma signals the onset of juvenile, alkaline-syenitic, post-collisional magmatism by 280 Ma, which was driven by delamination of the Gissar arclogite root and consequent convective asthenospheric upwelling. Whereas M-HT/LP prograde metamorphism in the Garm massif (650-750°C/6-7 kbar) from 310-288 Ma was associated with subduction-magma inundation and crustal thickening, HT/LP heating and decompression to peak-metamorphic temperatures ( 800-820°C/6-4 kbar) at 288 ± 6 Ma was driven by the transmission of a post-collisional, mantle-derived heat wave through the Garm-massif crust.

Oxygen isotope studies of early Precambrian granitic rocks from the Giants Range batholith, northeastern Minnesota, U.S.A.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Viswanathan, S.

1974-01-01

Oxygen isotope studies of granitic rocks from the 2.7 b.y.-old composite Giants Range batholith show that: (1) ??(O18)quartz values of 9 to 10 permil characterize relatively uncontaminated Lower Precambrian, magmatic granodiorites and granites; (2) granitic rocks thought to have formed by static granitization have ??(O18)quartz values that are 1 to 2 permil higher than magmatic granitic rocks; (3) satellite leucogranite bodies have values nearly identical to those of the main intrusive phases even where they transect O18-rich metasedimentary wall rocks; (4) oxygen isotopic interaction between the granitic melts and their O18-rich wall rocks was minimal; and (5) O18/O18 ratios of quartz grains in a metasomatic granite are largely inherited from the precursor rock, but during the progression - sedimentary parent ??? partially granitized parent ??? metasomatic granite ??? there is gradual decrease in ??(O18)quartz by 1 to 2 permil. ?? 1974.

Surface uplift in the Central Andes driven by growth of the Altiplano Puna Magma Body

PubMed Central

Perkins, Jonathan P.; Ward, Kevin M.; de Silva, Shanaka L.; Zandt, George; Beck, Susan L.; Finnegan, Noah J.

2016-01-01

The Altiplano-Puna Magma Body (APMB) in the Central Andes is the largest imaged magma reservoir on Earth, and is located within the second highest orogenic plateau on Earth, the Altiplano-Puna. Although the APMB is a first-order geologic feature similar to the Sierra Nevada batholith, its role in the surface uplift history of the Central Andes remains uncertain. Here we show that a long-wavelength topographic dome overlies the seismically measured extent of the APMB, and gravity data suggest that the uplift is isostatically compensated. Isostatic modelling of the magmatic contribution to dome growth yields melt volumes comparable to those estimated from tomography, and suggests that the APMB growth rate exceeds the peak Cretaceous magmatic flare-up in the Sierran batholith. Our analysis reveals that magmatic addition may provide a contribution to surface uplift on par with lithospheric removal, and illustrates that surface topography may help constrain the magnitude of pluton-scale melt production. PMID:27779183

Surface uplift in the Central Andes driven by growth of the Altiplano Puna Magma Body.

PubMed

Perkins, Jonathan P; Ward, Kevin M; de Silva, Shanaka L; Zandt, George; Beck, Susan L; Finnegan, Noah J

2016-10-25

The Altiplano-Puna Magma Body (APMB) in the Central Andes is the largest imaged magma reservoir on Earth, and is located within the second highest orogenic plateau on Earth, the Altiplano-Puna. Although the APMB is a first-order geologic feature similar to the Sierra Nevada batholith, its role in the surface uplift history of the Central Andes remains uncertain. Here we show that a long-wavelength topographic dome overlies the seismically measured extent of the APMB, and gravity data suggest that the uplift is isostatically compensated. Isostatic modelling of the magmatic contribution to dome growth yields melt volumes comparable to those estimated from tomography, and suggests that the APMB growth rate exceeds the peak Cretaceous magmatic flare-up in the Sierran batholith. Our analysis reveals that magmatic addition may provide a contribution to surface uplift on par with lithospheric removal, and illustrates that surface topography may help constrain the magnitude of pluton-scale melt production.

Integrated Outdoor Education/Adventure. Feature Issue.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schleien, Stuart J., Ed.; And Others

1992-01-01

The 12 brief articles in this "feature" or theme issue describe successful approaches to development of outdoor education programs which successfully integrate individuals with and without disabilities. Titles and authors are: "Outdoor Education and Adventure: Challenges and Rewards for All" (Stuart J. Schleien); "Benefits of Integrated Outdoor…

Apollo 14 crewmembers sealed inside a Mobile Quarantine Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

Sealed inside a Mobile Quarantine Facility (MQF), Apollo 14 astronauts greet newsmen and crewmen aboard the U.S.S. New Orleans, Apollo 14 prime recovery ship. They are, from left to right, Astronauts Stuart A. Roosa, Alan B. Shepard Jr., and Edgar D. Mitchell.

ICCE/ICCAI 2000 Full & Short Papers (Others).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2000

This document contains the following full and short papers from ICCE/ICCAI 2000 (International Conference on Computers in Education/International Conference on Computer-Assisted Instruction): (1) "A Code Restructuring Tool To Help Scaffold Novice Programmers" (Stuart Garner); (2) "An Assessment Framework for Information Technology Integrated…

OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHWEST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE AND ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHWEST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE AND INTERIOR OF SOUTHWEST CORNER OF OLD BYPASS IN FOREGROUND, VIEW TOWARDS SOUTHWEST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Liberty and Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Dennis F.

1989-01-01

John Stuart Mill's principle of liberty is discussed with the view that it needs to be revised to guide moral judgments in higher education. Three key elements need to be modified: the action that is constrained; the constraint on the action; and the agent whose action is constrained. (MLW)

Numerical Analysis for Relevant Features in Intrusion Detection (NARFid)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-03-01

Rosenblatt, Frank. Principles of Neurodynamics : Perceptrons and the Theory of Brain Mechanisms. Spartan Books, Washington DC, 1961. 74. Rossey, Lee M., Robert...editors), Parallel distributed process- ing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition , Volume 1: Foundations. MIT Press, 1986. 76. Russel, Stuart and

Ethical Liberalism, Education and the "New Right."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olssen, Mark

2000-01-01

Examines the philosophical tradition of ethical liberalism from its emergence as a coherent response to 19th century classical liberal individualism through contemporary formulations. Pursues origins in John Stuart Mills's writings and assesses ethical liberalism's relevance for understanding current neo-liberal policy restructuring in education.…

Annual Report on Operations, 1999-2000.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Australian National Training Authority, Brisbane.

This report, the Australian National Training Authority's (ANTA's) key reporting and accounting document, focuses on internal operations structured around the annual ANTA Plan and work priorities. A "Chairman's Comment" (Stuart Hornery) and "From the CEO's Desk" (Moira Scollay) precede an overview that provides a history of…

Edinburgh and its role in the foundation of Sydney Medical School.

PubMed

Walker-Smith, J

2006-12-01

In 1882, Thomas Anderson Stuart (1856-1920) was appointed as Foundation Professor of Physiology and Anatomy at the University of Sydney. At the time he was Assistant-Professor of Physiology in the University of Edinburgh. He initiated the building of the Sydney Medical School in Scottish Tudor Gothic style. He attracted notable figures to Sydney Medical School, such as Dr Robert Scot Skirving. The original medical school (now the Anderson Stuart Building) continues today as the pre-clinical medical school of the University of Sydney. Its stained glass windows and many busts of distinguished figures in the history of medicine are a constant reminder of the history of medicine. The building with its gothic architecture and echoes of northern Britain has given generations of Sydney medical students a powerful message, that they were part of an ancient and noble profession. The recruitment of Edinburgh academics to Sydney ended with Professor CG Lambie who retired in 1956. The 1950s were a watershed between the Edinburgh heritage and the Australian future.

Cumberland batholith, Trans-Hudson Orogen, Canada: Petrogenesis and implications for Paleoproterozoic crustal and orogenic processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Whalen, Joseph B.; Wodicka, Natasha; Taylor, Bruce E.; Jackson, Garth D.

2010-06-01

Large volume, plutonic belts, such as the ˜ 221,000 km 2, ca. 1.865-1.845 Ga Cumberland batholith (CB) of the Trans-Hudson Orogen in Canada, are major components of Paleoproterozoic orogenic belts. In many cases, they have been interpreted as continental arc batholiths. The petrogenesis and tectonic context of the CB and implications for crustal growth and recycling are interpreted herein based on a 900 km geochemical-isotopic (Nd-O) transect across it and into granitoid plutons within bounding Archean cratons in central and southern Baffin Island. The mainly granulite grade CB, emplaced over an age span of between 14 and 24 Ma, consists mainly of high-K to shoshonitic monzogranite and granodiorite, but also includes low- and medium-K granitoid rocks. Metaluminous to slightly peraluminous compositions and δ 18O (VSMOW) values (+ 6 to + 10‰) indicate derivation from infracrustal (I-type) sources. ɛ Nd 1.85 Ga signatures (- 12 to - 2) of both mafic and felsic units suggest a dominance of evolved sources. Isotopic signatures in the interior of the CB (- 2 to - 7) are more radiogenic than those within Archean domains in central (- 8 to - 15) and southern (- 5 to - 19) Baffin Island. The isotopic transect is interpreted as 'imaging' an accreted microcontinental block (Meta Incognita) and bounding Archean cratons. The CB includes granites of arc, within-plate (A-type) and post-collisional affinity and volumetrically minor mafic rocks with both arc and non-arc features. (La/Yb) CN and Sr/Y values range from < 1 to 225 and < 1 to 611, respectively. In these respects, some CB granitoid rocks resemble Paleozoic adakitic granites, interpreted as partial melts of greatly thickened crust within post-collisional settings, such as Tibet. Thus, the CB likely encompasses various non-consanguineous magmatic suites generated at deep- to mid-crustal depths. Although CB granitoid rocks undoubtedly had important crustal sources, it is hard to assess the relative contribution of mantle-derived magmas. The CB is best interpreted as a post-accretion batholith resulting from large-scale lithospheric mantle delamination followed by the upwelling of hot asthenospheric mantle leading to voluminous crustal partial melting. Contributors to crustal instability which may have facilitated such delamination included: (a) a collage of recently assembled small cratons underlain by hot, weak lithosphere with mantle-depth structural breaks within this segment of the Trans-Hudson Orogen; (b) the gabbro-eclogite phase transformation, and (c) a greatly thickened crustal section (> 60 km), as evidenced by adakitic granites.

Estimating the Overdiagnosis Fraction in Cancer Screening | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

By Stuart G. Baker, 2017 Introduction This software supports the mathematical investigation into estimating the fraction of cancers detected on screening that are overdiagnosed. References Baker SG and Prorok PC. Estimating the overdiagnosis fraction in cancer screening. Requirement Mathematica Version 11 or later. |

Technology, the Economy, and Vocational Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenfeld, Stuart A., Ed.

Papers, panels, and commentaries (responses) are provided from a conference attended by traditional educators, vocational educators, and economists to discuss the impact of technology on vocational education in the high school and suggest appropriate responses. The introduction is by Stuart Rosenfeld. The first three papers address the theme of…

International Library Cooperation. Essen Symposium (10th, Essen, West Germany, October 19-22, 1987).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Helal, Ahmed H., Ed.; Weiss, Joachim W., Ed.

The proceedings of this symposium contain the texts of 21 presentations: (1) "The Alexandriana Library: A New Opportunity in International Library Cooperation" (Stuart Ede); (2) "Conservation, Culture and Curriculum" (Brendan Loughridge); (3) "European Library Cooperation: An EC (European Community) Standpoint"…

Landslides and the weathering of granitic rocks

Treesearch

Philip B. Durgin

1977-01-01

Abstract - Granitic batholiths around the Pacific Ocean basin provide examples of landslide types that characterize progressive stages of weathering. The stages include (1) fresh rock, (2) corestones, (3) decomposed granitoid, and (4) saprolite. Fresh granitoid is subject to rockfalls, rockslides, and block glides. They are all controlled by factors related to...

Geology of the Alaska-Juneau lode system, Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Twenhofel, William Stephens

1952-01-01

The Alaska-Juneau lode system for many years was one of the worlds leading gold-producing areas. Total production from the years 1893 to 1946 has amounted to about 94 million dollars, with principal values in contained gold but with some silver and lead values. The principal mine is the Alaska-Juneau mine, from which the lode system takes its name. The lode system is a part of a larger gold-bearing belt, generally referred to as the Juneau gold belt, along the western border of the Coast Range batholith. The rocks of the Alaska-Juneau lode system consist of a monoclinal sequence of steeply northeasterly dipping volcanic, state, and schist rocks, all of which have been metamorphosed by dynamic and thermal processes attendant with the intrusion of the Coast Range batholith. The rocks form a series of belts that trend northwest parallel to the Coast Range. In addition to the Coast Range batholith lying a mile to the east of the lode system, there are numerous smaller intrusives, all of which are sill-like in form and are thus conformable to the regional structure. The bedded rocks are Mesozoic in age; the Coast Range batholith is Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous in age. Some of the smaller intrusives pre-date the batholith, others post-date it. All of the rocks are cut by steeply dipping faults. The Alaska-Juneau lode system is confined exclusively to the footwall portion of the Perseverance slate band. The slate band is composed of black slate and black phyllite with lesser amounts of thin-bedded quartzite. Intrusive into the slate band are many sill-like bodies of rocks generally referred to as meta-gabbro. The gold deposits of the lode system are found both within the slate rocks and the meta-gabbro rocks, and particularly in those places where meta-gabbro bodies interfinger with slate. Thus the ore bodies are found in and near the terminations of meta-gabbro bodies. The ore bodies are quartz stringer-lodes composed of a great number of quartz veins from 6 inches to 3 feet wide and extending along their strike and dip for several tens to hundreds of feet. In addition to quartz, the only other vein gangue mineral is ankerite. It occurs in small amounts along the borders of the quartz veins. Metallic vein minerals, in addition to native gold, are, in order of decreasing abundance, pyrrhotite, galena, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite. In the aggregate the metallic minerals comprise only 1 to 2 percent of the total amount of vein material. The wall rock, particularly the meta-gabbro, was profoundly altered by the vein-forming processes. The principal effects on the meta-gabbro were the addition of large amounts of soda, potash, titanium, carbon dioxide, and phosphorous, and the removal of considerable quantities of iron, magnesia, lime, and combined water. Silica also may have been decreased. The mineralogical changes involved in the alteration were the development of biotite and ankerite at the expense of original hornblende and feldspar, resulting in a brown-colored biotite- and ankerite-rich rock. The slates are relatively unaffected by the vein-forming processes. Because of their small size, relatively low grade, and discontinuity, no attempt has been made to mine any individual vein. The prevailing practice has been to mine large blocks of ground by a system of modified block-caving, followed by hand sorting to remove the barren country rock from the gold-bearing quartz prior to milling.

Using Digital Comics to Develop Digital Literacy: Fostering Functionally, Critically, and Rhetorically Literate Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirchoff, Jeff

2017-01-01

Literacy scholarship has established the importance of teaching, supporting, and facilitating digital literacy education for 21st century students. Stuart Selber goes a step further, arguing that students must be functionally (using digital technology), critically (questioning digital technology), and rhetorically (producing effective digital…

Stuart Cohen | NREL

Science.gov Websites

;Optimizing post-combustion CO2 capture in response to volatile electricity prices." International , S.M., H.L. Chalmers, M.E. Webber, C.W. King, and J. Gibbins. "Comparing post-combustion CO2 ., G.T. Rochelle, and M.E. Webber. "Optimal operation of flexible post- combustion CO2 capture in

Book Review, Waste: Uncovering the Global Food Scandal

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Could curbing food waste significantly reduce world hunger and environmental pressures? Tristram Stuart argues cogently that it could in his book Waste, which details the global food-waste scandal and delves into questions such as how much food is available globally? How much is needed and used, a...

Post-School Horizons: New Zealand's Neo-Liberal Generation in Transition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nairn, Karen; Higgins, Jane; Ormond, Adreanne

2007-01-01

Dominant conceptions of the world infuse educational experiences for young people in implicit rather than explicit ways--through becoming, as Stuart Hall argues, "the horizon of the taken-for-granted". In this article we explore these horizons as experienced by New Zealand's neo-liberal generation, currently "in transition"…

Exploring the Interpretative Platform: Composer and Pianist Thinking on Greenbaum's "First Light"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blom, Diana

2016-01-01

This study investigates the compositional and contextual thinking of composer, Stuart Greenbaum, and the preparatory thinking, and teaching experience of pianist, Yvonne Lau, in the preparation of the solo piano work, "First Light". Adopting a practice-informed interview approach with questions drawn from the researcher's own preparation…

Communication, Organizations and John Stuart Mill.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Richard O.

The president of a leading public television station presents his views on the institutional nature of commercial and especially public television. In particular, he contends that the reliance of public television on government support, which is contingent on governmental judgments of objectivity and balance, is at least as inimical to the basic…

Impacts of Transit-Oriented Compact-Growth on Air Pollutant Concentrations and Exposures in the Tampa Region

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-03-31

Amy L. Stuart (ORCID # 0000-0003-1229-493) The objective of this study was to model the potential impacts of alternative transit-oriented urban design scenarios on community exposures to roadway air pollution. We used a modeling framework developed p...

Education and the Political Community.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peden, Joseph R.

This paper traces the ideology (assertions, theories, and aims) of public schooling from Plato through the first Prussian state school system under Bismarck, through Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill. It contends that public schooling contradicts and works to destroy the United States' libertarian traditions of freedom and self-rule. Though not…

Making an Ethical Decision: A Utilitarian Strategy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, Sandra J.

1992-01-01

By identifying and weighing the effects of an act on each constituency, a matrix based on John Stuart Mill's theories of utilitarianism illuminates and helps resolve complex ethical dilemmas. Application of the approach is illustrated with a simulated case study concerning the issue of reputation in a small private college. (Author/MSE)

Rhetoric Then and Now: A Proposal for Integration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Makus, Anne

1990-01-01

Explores whether continuity or discontinuity is more appropriate to describe the particular relation between Aristotle's theory or rhetoric and Stuart Hall's ideology theory. Argues for inclusion of ideology theory within the rhetorical canon. Suggests that, if Aristotle's rhetorical theory belongs in the canon, Hall's theory also belongs because…

Sniffing out the Secret Poison: Selection Bias in Educational Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Showalter, Daniel A.; Mullet, Luke B.

2017-01-01

Selection bias is a persistent, and often hidden, problem in educational research. It is the primary obstacle standing in between increasingly available large education datasets and the ability to make valid causal inferences to inform policymaking, research, and practice (Stuart, 2010). This article provides an accessible discussion on the…

Research Training--Present & Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris (France).

In 10 papers by independent experts, this volume explores the trends in and prospects for research training in member nations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. "Problems and Prospects of Research Training in the 1990s" (Stuart Blume) looks at trends in national policy toward research training and issues of…

Whose Knowledge Counts in International Student Assessments: Examining the AHELO Epistemic Community of Economics Experts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nguyen, David J.

2016-01-01

International student assessments have become the "lifeblood" of the accountability movement in educational policy contexts. Drawing upon Stuart Hall's concept of representation, I critically examined who comprises epistemic communities responsible for developing the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's Assessment of…

To Teach, To Love.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stuart, Jesse

In this book, the Kentucky novelist, poet, and teacher Jesse Stuart describes his experiences as student and teacher. Chapter 1 recounts the influence of his father, who instilled the principle of learning through play and the value of imagination and memory, and catalogs young Jesse's teachers at Plum Grove School. Chapter 2 describes his high…

Welfare Rights in the Liberal Tradition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horne, Thomas A.

1990-01-01

Maintains that welfare rights are not incompatible with liberalism's commitment to private property and freedom. Argues that students need to be aware of liberalism's favorable historical position on welfare. Examines the positions of John Locke, Thomas Paine, and John Stuart Mills on poverty, welfare, and the role of the state. (RW)

Harriet Martineau or "When Political Economy Was Popular."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Willie

1992-01-01

Reports on the work of Harriet Martineau, an economist who had a major impact on British economic theory and public policy in the mid-1800s. Discusses the background and development of her theories. Describes the impact they had on Thomas Malthus, John Stuart Mill, and other social scientists. (CFR)

Students, Parents, Educators: An Approach to Conflict of Rights.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magsino, Romulo F.

1982-01-01

Attempts by courts in the United States and Canada to define the rights of children, parents, and educators are described, and their shortcomings and contradictions are pointed out. The author suggests another approach based on utilitarian values and pre-suppositions presented in works by John Stuart Mill. (PP)

The Failed Educations of John Stuart Mill and Henry Adams.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crossley, Robert

1979-01-01

Analyzes and contrasts Mill's "Autobiography" and Adams'"The Education of Henry Adams" in order to present two approaches to the nature of education and of failure. Maintains that their perspectives may serve as catalysts and cautions for contemporary theories of education and its utility and relevance. (CAM)

Why Are There So Few Eminent Women?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silverman, Linda Kreger

1995-01-01

This article reviews the history of discrimination against gifted women and quotes notables such as Charles Darwin, Francis Galton, John Stuart Mill, Harriet Taylor Mill, and Mary Wollstonecraft. The article also examines the history of the education of women, the work of Leta Stetter Hollingworth, and current perspectives on giftedness and…

Reflections on the State of Music Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ling, Stuart J.; Nitz, Donald A.

1980-01-01

Stuart Ling reports from his tour of exemplary music programs that many teachers are overcoming the common logistical and economic problems of this time of retrenchment. Donald Nitz is more pessimistic, asserting that music education is clinging to a tenuous status quo after the bright promise of the 1960s. (SJL)

Adult Learning and the New Austerity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adults Learning, 2010

2010-01-01

The spending review brought a promise to protect adult and community learning as well as swingeing cuts to further and higher education and local government. In this article, some of the key players--Lynne Sedgmore, Christopher Brooks, Graham Hoyle, Maggie Galliers, Louise Hazel, Richard Bolsin, Maggi Dawson, Ruth Bond, Stuart Etherington, Brendan…

SUBTLE: Situation Understanding Bot through Language and Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-06

a 4 day “hackathon” by Stuart Young’s small robots group which successfully ported the SUBTLE MURI NLP robot interface to the Packbot platform they...null element restoration, a step typically ig- nored in NLP systems, allows for correct parsing of im- peratives and questions, critical structures

Oblique view of southwest and southeast side of northwest machinery ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Oblique view of southwest and southeast side of northwest machinery house and hydro-electric power house, concrete pylon at upstream entrance to lock in foreground, view towards north - St. Lucie Canal, St. Lucie Lock No. 1, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

OBLIQUE VIEW OF SOUTHWEST AND SOUTHEAST SIDES OF UPPER GATE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

OBLIQUE VIEW OF SOUTHWEST AND SOUTHEAST SIDES OF UPPER GATE MACHINERY HOUSE, NORTH OF LOCK, WITH HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER HOUSE AND DAM IN BACKGROUND, VIEW TOWARD NORTH NORTHWEST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Machinery Houses, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Tackling Underperformance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mathews, Jay

2006-01-01

This article profiles Principal of the Year Mel Riddile, a former University of North Carolina football linebacker and principal of J. E. B. Stuart High school in Fairfax County, Virginia. Riddile was recently named the national high school principal of the year by the National Association of Secondary School Principals (NASSP) and MetLife.…

Modeling of the interactions between forest vegetation, disturbances, and sediment yields

Treesearch

Erkan Istanbulluoglu; David G. Tarboton; Robert T. Pack; Charles H. Luce

2004-01-01

The controls of forest vegetation, wildfires, and harvest vegetation disturbances on the frequency and magnitude of sediment delivery from a small watershed (~3.9 km2) in the Idaho batholith are investigated through numerical modeling. The model simulates soil development based on continuous bedrock weathering and the divergence of diffusive...

Erosion over time on severely disturbed granitic soils: a model

Treesearch

W. F. Megahan

1974-01-01

A negative exponential equation containing three parameters was derived to describe time trends in surface erosion on severely disturbed soils. Data from four different studies of surface erosion on roads constructed from the granitic materials found in the Idaho Batholith were used to develop equation parameters. The evidence suggests that surface "armoring...

Evaluating slope stability prior to road construction

Treesearch

James L. Clayton

1983-01-01

The usefulness of seismic, resistivity, and vegetation surveys for predicting subsurface strength characteristics of granitic rock was evaluated in the Idaho batholith. Rock strength varies inversely with degree of weathering and fracture density. Rocks that have weathered or altered to the point where they contain lays (referred to here as highly weathered rock) are...

Magnetic susceptibility and relation to initial 87Sr/86Sr for granitoids of the central Sierra Nevada, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bateman, P.C.; Dodge, F.C.W.; Kistler, R.W.

1991-01-01

Measurement of the magnetic susceptibility of more than 6000 samples of granitic rock from the Mariposa 1?? by 2?? quadrangle, which crosses the central part of the Sierra Nevada batholith between 37?? and 38??N latitude, shows that magnetic susceptibility values are above 10-2 SI units in the east and central parts of the batholith and drop abruptly to less than 10-3 SI units in the western foothills. In a narrow transitional zone, intermediate values (10-3 to 10-2) prevail. Magnetic susceptibility appears to decrease slightly westward within the zones of both high and low values. Magnetic susceptibility in plutonic rocks is chiefly a function of the abundance of magnetite, which depends, in turn, on the total iron content of the rocks and their oxidation ratio. Correlations of magnetic susceptibility with initial 87Sr/86Sr suggest that oxidation ratios have been inherited from the source regions for the magmas from which the rocks crystallized. Reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ by organic carbon or other reducing substances may also have affected magnetic susceptibility. -from Authors

Intellectual Freedom and Economic Sufficiency as Educational Entitlements.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morse, Jane Fowler

2001-01-01

Using the theories of John Stuart Mill and Karl Marx, this article supports the educational entitlements of intellectual freedom and economic sufficiency. Explores these issues in reference to their implications for teaching, the teaching profession and its training. Concludes that ideas cannot be controlled by the interests of the dominant class.…

76 FR 76389 - Notice of Public Meeting on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement for Basewide Water...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-07

... involve the construction, operation, and maintenance of infrastructure upgrades, expansions, and... Road over the Santa Margarita River (Stuart Mesa Bridge). A Notice of Intent to prepare this EIS was... Road, Fallbrook, California 92028. A copy of the Draft EIS will be made available upon written request...

Predictors of the Longitudinal Course of Postpartum Depression Following Interpersonal Psychotherapy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nylen, Kimberly J.; O'Hara, Michael W.; Brock, Rebecca; Moel, Joy; Gorman, Laura; Stuart, Scott

2010-01-01

Objective: We examined the course and predictors of postpartum depression in the 18 months following interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). Method: We enrolled 120 community women with major depression in a 12-week randomized trial of individual IPT during the postpartum period (O'Hara, Stuart, Gorman, & Wenzel, 2000). At 6, 12, and 18 months…

"Will I Learn What I Want to Learn?" Usable Representations, "Students" and OECD Assessment Production

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shahjahan, Riyad A.; Morgan, Clara; Nguyen, David J.

2015-01-01

Amid growing debates around international assessment tools in educational policy, few have critically examined how students themselves are cast in policy tool production processes and discourse. Drawing on Stuart Hall's concept of representation, we show how higher education (HE) "students" are constructed, fixed and normalized by the…

77 FR 67013 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From the Battelle Laboratories...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-08

... evaluation, is as follows: Facility: Battelle Laboratories King Avenue Location: Columbus, Ohio. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All Atomic Weapons Employees who worked at the King Avenue facility in Columbus...: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support, National Institute for...

77 FR 29644 - Decision To Evaluate a Petition To Designate a Class of Employees From Joslyn Manufacturing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-18

... as follows: Facility: Joslyn Manufacturing and Supply Co. Location: Ft. Wayne, Indiana. Job Titles and/or Job Duties: All employees. Period of Employment: January 1, 1944 to December 31, 1952. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Stuart L. Hinnefeld, Director, Division of Compensation Analysis and Support...

New Times, New Stakes: Moments of Transit, Accountability, and Classroom Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Helfenbein, Robert J., Jr.

2004-01-01

In order to understand the relationship between high-stakes testing and its synonymous projection on history as the "age of accountability," Stuart Hall's Policing the Crisis (Hall, Critcher, Jefferson, Clarke, & Roberts, 1978) provides an interesting parallel depiction of the response of the dominant forces in the power structure to…

Insubordinate Spaces for Intemperate Times: Countering the Pedagogies of Neoliberalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomlinson, Barbara; Lipsitz, George

2013-01-01

Henry A. Giroux argues that countering the disasters of neoliberalism requires facing "the challenge of developing a politics and pedagogy that can serve and actualize a democratic notion of the social" (2011). The authors suggest that Immanuel Wallerstein's notion of "middle-run" temporality (2008) and Stuart Hall's discussion of "middle-level"…

VERTICAL DETAIL OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHEAST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

VERTICAL DETAIL OBLIQUE VIEW OF NORTHEAST SIDE OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE WITH OLD BYPASS IN FOREGROUND, SHOWING GLASS BLOCKS PROVIDING LIGHT TO BASEMENT OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE, VIEW TOWARDS WEST SOUTHWEST - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

OBLIQUE VIEW OF SOUTHWEST AND SOUTHEAST SIDES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

OBLIQUE VIEW OF SOUTHWEST AND SOUTHEAST SIDES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE WITH DAM TO LEFT OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSE AND ENTRANCE TO OLD LOCK CHAMBER ON RIGHT, VIEW TOWARDS NORTH - St. Lucie Canal, Lock No. 1, Hydroelectric Power House, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Apollo 14 prime crew during water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1970-01-01

The prime crewmen of the Apollo 14 lunar landing mission are shown inside a Command Module trainer during water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico. Left to right, are Astronauts Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot; Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot.

75 FR 32185 - Government-Owned Inventions; Availability for Licensing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-07

...: Stuart R. Maudsley et al. (NIA). Patent Status: HHS Reference No. E-143-2010/0--Research Tool. Patent... grilles are moved or accessed. The canopy has an added benefit of reducing heating or cooling loss which.... Also, the canopy controls leakage of heating and cooling, reducing loads on the central building...

Communication during Physical Activity for Youth Who Are Deafblind: Research to Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arndt, Katrina; Lieberman, Lauren J.; Pucci, Gina

2004-01-01

Communication is a barrier to accessing physical activity and recreation for many people who are deafblind (Lieberman & MacVicar, 2003; Lieberman & Stuart, 2002). The purpose of this study was to observe effective communication strategies used during four physical activities for youth who are deafblind. Communication during physical activity was…

Astronaut Edgar D. Mitchell, Apollo 14 Lunar Module pilot

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1970-01-01

Portrait of Astronaut Edgar D. Mitchell, Apollo 14 lunar landing mission Lunar Module pilot in civilian clothes. Left to right, are Astronauts Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot; Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot; and Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander. They are standing by a Command Module Trainer which was used in the exercise.

Seeing Connections: Reason, Faith, and Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Suzy

2015-01-01

The article explores some of the congruencies of thought and resonances in phrasing in the work of Janet Erskine Stuart, John Henry Newman and Ludwig Wittgenstein. These three writers have in common their resistance to philosophers of religion who are preoccupied with proposing arguments for the existence of God and grounds for believing in God.…

The Paired Availability Design and Related Instrumental Variable Meta-analyses | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

Stuart G. Baker, 2017 Introduction This software computes meta-analysis and extrapolation estimates for an instrumental variable meta-analysis of randomized trial or before-and-after studies (the latter also known as the paired availability design). The software also checks on the assumptions if sufficient data are available. |

Postcolonialism and Education: Negotiating a Contested Terrain

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rizvi, Fazal; Lingard, Bob; Lavia, Jennifer

2006-01-01

This paper sets the context for those that follow in this special issue of "Pedagogy, Culture & Society." In so doing, it provides a brief overview of postcolonialism as theory, politics and practice. It considers postcolonialism's ambivalent reception amongst differing constituencies, a sign both of desire and danger, as Stuart Hall has put it.…

In the Beginning Was the Rhyme? A Reflection on Hulme, Hatcher, Nation, Brown, Adams, and Stuart (2002).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goswami, Usha

2002-01-01

Describes phonological sensitivity at different grain sizes as a good predictor of reading acquisition in all languages. Presents information on development of phonological sensitivity for syllables, onsets, and rimes. Illustrates that phoneme-level skills develop fastest in children acquiring orthographically consistent languages with simple…

Upthrust or Air Resistance--Where Are the Particles?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parry, Malcolm

2005-01-01

Two or three years ago, there was an exchange of several articles in "Primary Science Review" about the question: "What is the best way of naming the forces acting on a descending parachute?" (Harrison, 2001; Harlen, 2002; Sell, 2002). Stuart Harrison reported that, according to the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA), a third of…

76 FR 78329 - Noise Exposure Map Notice; Martin County Airport, Stuart, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-16

...- 7 Total and Night Utilization Rates, Helicopter Aircraft; Figure 4-4 Jet Arrival Flight Tracks ; Figure 4-5 Jet Departure Flight Tracks; Figure 4-6 Propeller Arrival Flight Tracks; Figure 4-7 Propeller Departure Flight Tracks; Figure 4-8 Helicopter Arrival Flight Tracks; Figure 4-9 Helicopter Departure Flight...

[Personalist bioethics and utilitarian bioethics].

PubMed

Ortiz Llueca, Eduardo

2013-01-01

This paper shows the insufficiency of a bioethics which would intend to derive its proposals from Utilitarianism, identifying some inadequacies in the ethics of John Stuart Mill, e.g., the difficulties of the utilitarian commitment with instrumentalism, the deficiency of an utilitarian moral psychology and the naiveté of the forensic dimension of the utilitarian submission.

Children's Rights, "die Antipadagogen," and the Paternalism of John Stuart Mill.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nordenbo, Sven Erik

1987-01-01

Mill's liberty principle and the children's rights movement ("die Antipadagogen") are discussed in terms of Mill's attitude of paternalism in children's education. Mill contends that the individual liberty of children must be limited for their own good. Proponents of educational liberalism are not justified in claiming Mill as a…

The Artful Dodger: Creative Resistance to Neoliberalism in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Jeff

2013-01-01

This article explores contemporary forms of creative practices and their survival under siege from what Stuart Hall (2011) describes as the neoliberal revolution, in the context of the tightly policed education system in the United Kingdom. The fragility and importance of the democratic struggle is discussed with reference to Chantal Mouffe's work…

Stuart G Baker, ScD | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

The Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) conducts and supports research to determine a person's risk of cancer and to find ways to reduce the risk. This knowledge is critical to making progress against cancer because risk varies over the lifespan as genetic and epigenetic changes can transform healthy tissue into invasive cancer.

The mine and the furnace: Francis Bacon, Thomas Russell, and early Stuart mining culture.

PubMed

Pastorino, Cesare

2009-01-01

Notwithstanding Francis Bacon's praise for the philosophical role of the mechanical arts, historians have often downplayed Bacon's connections with actual artisans and entrepreneurs. Addressing the specific context of mining culture, this study proposes a rather different picture. The analysis of a famous mining metaphor in The Advancement of Learning shows us how Bacon's project of reform of knowledge could find an apt correspondence in civic and entrepreneurial values of his time. Also, Bacon had interesting and so far unexplored links with the early modern English mining enterprises, like the Company of Mineral and Battery Works, ofwhich he was a shareholder. Moreover, Bacon's notes in a private notebook, Commentarius Solutus, and records of patents of invention, allow us to start grasping Bacon's connections with the metallurgist and entrepreneur Thomas Russell. Lastly, this paper argues that, to fully understand Bacon's links with the world of Stuart technicians and entrepreneurs, it is necessary to consider a different and insufficiently studied aspect of Bacon's interests, namely his work as patents referee while a Commissioner of Suits.

Analytical study of magnetohydrodynamic propulsion stability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi, M. Y.

2014-09-01

In this paper an analytical solution for the stability of the fully developed flow drive in a magneto-hydro-dynamic pump with pulsating transverse Eletro-magnetic fields is presented. To do this, a theoretical model of the flow is developed and the analytical results are obtained for both the cylindrical and Cartesian configurations that are proper to use in the propulsion of marine vessels. The governing parabolic momentum PDEs are transformed into an ordinary differential equation using approximate velocity distribution. The numerical results are obtained and asymptotic analyses are built to discover the mathematical behavior of the solutions. The maximum velocity in a magneto-hydro-dynamic pump versus time for various values of the Stuart number, electro-magnetic interaction number, Reynolds number, aspect ratio, as well as the magnetic and electrical angular frequency and the shift of the phase angle is presented. Results show that for a high Stuart number there is a frequency limit for stability of the fluid flow in a certain direction of the flow. This stability frequency is dependent on the geometric parameters of a channel.

Tectonic evolution of the Gaoua region, Burkina Faso: Implications for mineralization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baratoux, L.; Metelka, V.; Naba, S.; Ouiya, P.; Siebenaller, L.; Jessell, M. W.; Naré, A.; Salvi, S.; Béziat, D.; Franceschi, G.

2015-12-01

The interpretation of high-resolution airborne geophysical data integrated with field structural and lithological observations were employed in the creation of a litho-structural framework for the Gaoua region, Burkina Faso. The granite-greenstone domain of Paleoproterozoic age was affected by multiple deformation and mineralization events. The early tectonic phase is characterized by the emplacement of voluminous tholeiitic and calc-alkaline lavas, probably in a volcanic arc setting. The copper mineralization in Gongondy, Dienemera and Mt Biri is concentrated in a diorite/andesite breccia, and is interpreted as porphyry-copper style formed at an early stage of the evolution of the area. Evidence for the first deformation event D1Ga corresponding to N-S shortening was only found in the E-W trending mafic unit bordering the Gaoua batholith to the south. A second deformation phase D2Ga occurred under greenschist facies conditions and lead to a development of more or less penetrative metamorphic foliation and its subsequent folding under overall E-W compression. At later stages, the D2Ga switched to a transcurrent regime characterized by intense N-S to NW-trending steeply dipping shear zones. The first significant gold mineralization event is related to this transcurrent tectonic phase. During subsequent D3Ga, intense network of brittle to brittle-ductile NW and NE faults developed. Economic gold concentrations are attributed to the D3Ga event and are associated with the remobilization of early disseminated low grade gold concentrations. Significant deposits in the area are Nassara, Gomblora, Batié West and Kampti. The last deformation event D4Ga resulted in E-W trending thrust faults and crenulation cleavage planes, under overall N-S compression. No mineralization events related to this stage have been seen.

Granite emplacement at the termination of a major Variscan transcurrent shear zone: The late collisional Viseu batholith

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Valle Aguado, B.; Azevedo, M. R.; Nolan, J.; Medina, J.; Costa, M. M.; Corfu, F.; Martínez Catalán, J. R.

2017-05-01

A major event of plutonic activity occurred all across the Central Iberian Zone of the Iberian Variscan Belt at the end of Late Paleozoic Variscan collisional tectonism. The present study focuses on the western sector of the Viseu late-post-tectonic batholith (central Portugal), a large composite intrusion comprising three main plutonic units: (a) small bodies of mafic to intermediate composition preferentially concentrated along the northern border, (b) a wide ring of coarse porphyritic biotite monzogranite (Cota-Viseu granite) and (c) a more evolved medium porphyritic, biotite-muscovite monzogranite occupying the central part of the intrusion (Alcafache granite). The compositional zonation pattern of the whole batholith and the complex mixing/mingling relationships between the voluminous Cota-Viseu porphyritic granite and the mafic/intermediate rocks suggest that these melts were withdrawn from a lower crustal source region undergoing partial melting, invasion by mantle-derived mafic magmas, mixing and fractional crystallization. New CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb zircon ages indicate that pluton assembly via multipulse injection of successive magma batches took place between 299.4 ± 0.4 Ma and 296.0 ± 0.6 Ma. A detailed anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) survey suggests that pluton emplacement occurred at the extensional termination of a regional-scale, ENE-WSW trending, sinistral D3 shear zone - the Juzbado-Penalva Shear Zone (JPSZ). A dilational opening model involving the development of "en-échelon" tensional gashes at the extensional termination of the fault, followed by progressive opening and widening of north-south trending fractures, provided the space into which the successive magma batches arriving from below were emplaced. Vertical inflation was accommodated by depression of the pluton floor. The proposed model is consistent with the asymmetric wedge-shaped geometry of the intrusion (steep root zone on the northern side, discordant subvertical walls and a shallowing pluton floor towards the south).

Extremely High Magma Emplacement Rates Recorded in the Golden Horn Batholith, WA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eddy, M. P.; Bowring, S. A.; Tepper, J. H.; Miller, R. B.

2015-12-01

High SiO2 rhyolites emplaced during 'super-eruptions' demonstrate that large volumes of eruptible magma can exist in the upper crust. However, the timescale over which the magma reservoirs that source these eruptions are built remains controversial. Thermal models suggest that magma emplacement rates need to be > 0.005-0.01 km3/yr in order to accumulate enough eruptible magma to source a 'super-eruption'. Yet, these rates are higher than the time-averaged rates (< 0.001 km3/yr) for nearly all well-studied granitoid plutonic complexes. This disparity contradicts geologic evidence suggesting that the high SiO2 rhyolites emplaced during 'super-eruptions' are extracted from crystal rich magma chambers that should be preserved in the geologic record as granodioritic and granitic plutons. We quantify time-averaged magma emplacement rates for the upper crustal Golden Horn batholith, WA based on new geologic mapping and U-Pb zircon CA-IDTIMS geochronology. The batholith is exposed over 310 km3 and can be separated in the field into five intrusive units. High topography allows the 3D geometry of each phase to be constrained and their volumes range from < 100 km3 to > 400 km3. U-Pb zircon geochronology reveals that four of the five phases were assembled incrementally and distinct zircon populations from samples within these phases suggest that individual magmatic pulses had fully crystallized before the next arrived. However, six nearly identical U-Pb zircon dates from a > 400 km3 rapakivi granite show that this phase was built in ca. 50 kyr and that large portions may have been emplaced nearly simultaneously. The implied emplacement rate for this phase (≥ 0.008 km3/yr) is in agreement with those predicted for assembly of the upper crustal magma chambers that source 'super-eruptions', and it may provide a rare and unprecedented opportunity to study the processes that occur in such chambers.

Stable isotope systematics in mesozoic granites of Central and Northern California and Southwestern Oregon

USGS Publications Warehouse

Masi, U.; O'Neil, J.R.; Kistler, R.W.

1981-01-01

18O, D, and H2O+ contents were measured for whole-rock specimens of granitoid rocks from 131 localitics in California and southwestern Oregon. With 41 new determinations in the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada, initial strontium isotope ratios are known for 104 of these samples. Large variations in ??18O (5.5 to 12.4), ??D (-130 to -31), water contents (0.14 to 2.23 weight percent) and initial strontium isotope ratios (0.7028 to 0.7095) suggest a variety of source materials and identify rocks modified by secondary processes. Regular patterns of variation in each isotopic ratio exist over large geographical regions, but correlations between the ratios are generally absent except in restricted areas. For example, the regular decrease in ??D values from west to east in the Sierra Nevada batholith is not correlative with a quite complex pattern of ??18O values, implying that different processes were responsible for the isotopic variations in these two elements. In marked contrast to a good correlation between (87Sr/86Sr)o and ??18O observed in the Peninsular Ranges batholith to the south, such correlations are lacking except in a few areas. ??D values, on the other hand, correlate well with rock types, chemistry, and (87Sr/86Sr)o except in the Coast Ranges where few of the isotopic signatures are primary. The uniformly low ??D values of samples from the Mojave Desert indicate that meteoric water contributed much of the hydrogen to the rocks in that area. Even so, the ??18O values and 18O fractionations between quartz and feldspar are normal in these same rocks. This reconnaissance study has identified regularities in geochemical parameters over enormous geographical regions. These patterns are not well understood but merit more detailed examination because they contain information critical to our understanding of the development of granitoid batholiths. ?? 1981 Springer-Verlag.

Development of the archean crust in the medina mountain area, wind river range, wyoming (U.S.A.)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Koesterer, M.E.; Frost, C.D.; Frost, B.R.; Hulsebosch, T.P.; Bridgwater, D.; Worl, R.G.

1987-01-01

Evidence for an extensive Archean crustal history in the Wind River Range is preserved in the Medina Mountain area in the west-central part of the range. The oldest rocks in the area are metasedimentary, mafic, and ultramafic blocks in a migmatite host. The supracrustal rocks of the Medina Mountain area (MMS) are folded into the migmatites, and include semi-pelitic and pelitic gneisses, and mafic rocks of probable volcanic origin. Mafic dikes intrude the older migmatites but not the MMS, suggesting that the MMS are distinctly younger than the supracrustal rocks in the migmatites. The migmatites and the MMS were engulfed by the late Archean granite of the Bridger, Louis Lake, and Bears Ears batholiths, which constitutes the dominant rock of the Wind River Range. Isotopic data available for the area include Nd crustal residence ages from the MMS which indicate that continental crust existed in the area at or before 3.4 Ga, but the age of the older supracrustal sequence is not yet known. The upper age of the MMS is limited by a 2.7 Ga RbSr age of the Bridger batholith, which was emplaced during the waning stages of the last regional metamorphism. The post-tectonic Louis Lake and Bears Ears batholiths have ages of 2.6 and 2.5 Ga, respectively (Stuckless et al., 1985). At least three metamorphic events are recorded in the area: (1) an early regional granulite event (M1) that affected only the older inclusions within the migmatites, (2) a second regional amphibolite event (M2) that locally reached granulite facies conditions, and (3) a restricted, contact granulite facies event (M3) caused by the intrusion of charnockitic melts associated with the late Archean plutons. Results from cation exchange geobarometers and geothermometers yield unreasonablu low pressures and temperatures, suggesting resetting during the long late Archean thermal evenn. ?? 1987.

Post-collisional subvolcanic rhyolites associated with the Neoproterozoic Pelotas Batholith, southern Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oliveira, Diego Skieresz de; Sommer, Carlos Augusto; Philipp, Ruy Paulo; Lima, Evandro Fernandes de; Basei, Miguel Ângelo Stipp

2015-11-01

Neoproterozoic volcanic and subvolcanic rhyolitic systems in southernmost Brazil are correlated with acid magmatism linked to different petrotectonic associations of the Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield. A portion of this volcanism in the Dom Feliciano Belt is associated with the Pelotas Batholith, which resulted from magmatic episodes associated with the Ediacaran post-collisional evolution of southern Brazil. Ana Dias Rhyolite is the main subvolcanic occurrence of this volcanism that took place in the Quitéria region, in the central part of Rio Grande do Sul State. The acid magmatism has been commonly associated with the most differentiated granite suite phases during the final stages of emplacement of the Pelotas Batholith. The Ana Dias Rhyolite is characterized as an intrusive body with rocks that present a porphyritic to seriated texture and a gradational variation to fine-grained equigranular rocks. New zircon U-Pb dating indicates crystallization age of 581.9 ± 1.9 Ma for the Ana Dias Rhyolite. Geochemistry data characterize the rhyolites as belonging to the alkaline series; they present a metaluminous to peraluminous character; elevated SiO2 and alkali concentrations, high FeOt/FeOt + MgO ratios and agpaitic index; and low Al2O3, CaO, and MgO contents. The Zr, Rb, Y, Nb, and Ga concentrations are moderate when compared with the relatively low Ba and Sr contents. These geochemistry characteristics are common in acid magmas with alkaline affinity. The behavior of certain trace elements and REE demonstrate enrichment in more incompatible elements, in addition to the negative anomaly of Ba, the slight enrichment in Ce relative to adjacent elements, as well as the enrichment in K2O and Rb relative to Nb, suggesting magmas derived from mantle sources enriched in incompatible elements with some crustal contamination. The chemical characteristics are similar to those of A-type granites associated with Neoproterozoic post-collision magmatism in the Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield.

Geological Evidence That Resolves the Baja-BC Controversy: Detrital Zircons Indicate That Vancouver Island Was Adjacent to Southern California in the Late Cretaceous

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guest, B.; Matthews, W.; Coutts, D. S.; Bain, H.; Hubbard, S. M.

2015-12-01

The Baja-BC hypothesis is at the center of a great earth sciences controversy. It stems from paleomagnetic observations that require large-scale displacements of continental crust from low latitudes (Baja, California) to moderate latitudes (British Columbia). Many geologists dispute the scale of the displacements due to a lack of corroborating geological evidence. We provide a robust, geological dataset that confirms the paleomagnetic observations. Detrital zircons from Cretaceous to Paleocene sandstone of the Nanaimo Group, which crops out in western Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands of southwest British Columbia, are analyzed. The data show a clear transition from local <300 Ma western Coast Plutonic Complex sources in the Campanian, to sources that include a significant component of >300 Ma grains in the Maastrichtian-Paleogene. An identical pattern is observed in detrital zircon datasets from southern California forearc basin deposits, and schists interpreted as the subducted remnants of forearc deposits. With a high-n dataset (n=3041) we are able to rule out possible >300 Ma source regions in Canada and the northern United States, and uniquely tie Nanaimo Group rocks to the Mojave-Sonora region of SW United States. This implies that at the end of the Cretaceous, Vancouver Island and western mainland BC were adjacent to southern California and northwestern Mexico, requiring 1900 km of displacement during the latest Cretaceous and Paleocene, consistent with paleomagnetic results. An implication of this result is that the western Coast Batholith of southwest BC was positioned between the northern Peninsular Ranges and southern Sierra Nevada batholiths in the late Cretaceous, and likely represents a displaced segment of a once continuous Cordilleran arc batholith. These results have broad implications for our understanding of episodic arc magmatism in the Cordillera, the tectonic evolution of western North America, Laramide orogenesis, the development and extent of the Nevadaplano, and the onset of Basin and Range extension.

Contemporaneous migmitization and granite emplacement during regional metamorphism: Evidence for mid-crustal contribution to the batholiths of the Arabian-Nubian Shield

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elisha, B.; Katzir, Y.; Kylander-Clark, A. R.

2017-12-01

Collision-related granitoid batholiths, like those of the Hercynian and Himalayan orogens, are mostly fed by magma derived from meta-sedimentary sources. However, in the late Neoproterozoic calc-alkaline batholiths of the Arabian Nubian Shield (ANS), which constitutes the northern half of the East African orogen, sedimentary contribution is obscured by the juvenile character of the crust and the scarcity of migmatites. Here we use paired in-situ measurements of U-Th-Pb isotope ratios and REE contents of monazite and xenotime by LASS to demonstrate direct linkage between granites and migmatites in the northernmost ANS. Our results indicate a single prolonged period of monazite growth, 640-600 Ma, in metapelites, migmatites and peraluminous granites of the Abu-Barqa (SW Jordan), Roded (S Israel) and Taba-Nuweiba (Sinai, Egypt) metamorphic suites. Distribution of monazite dates and age zoning in single monazite grains in migmatites suggest that peak thermal conditions and partial melting prevailed for 10 Myr, from 620 to 610 Ma. REE patterns of monazite are well correlated with age, recording garnet growth and garnet breakdown in association with the prograde and retrograde stages of the melting reactions, respectively. Xenotime dates (n=40) cluster at 600-580 Ma recording retrogression to greenschist-facies conditions as garnet continues to destabilize. Phase equilibrium modelling and mineral thermobarometry illustrate that melting occurred either by dehydration of muscovite or by water-fluxed melting at 650-680° and 5-7 kbar. The expected melt production is 8-14%, allowing melt connectivity network to form and eventually melt extraction and segregation. The crystallization time of peritectic melt retained in dia- and metataxites overlaps the emplacement time of a vast calc-alkaline granitic flux throughout the northern ANS, which was previously considered post-collisional. Similar monazite ages ( 620 Ma) of the amphilolite-facies non-anatectic Elat schist indicate that migmatites are the result of widespread regional, rather than local contact metamorphism, representing the climax of East African orogenesis.

Thermobarometric studies on the Levack Gneisses: Footwall rocks to the Sudbury Igneous Complex

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

James, R. S.; Peredery, W.; Sweeny, J. M.

1992-01-01

Granulite and amphibolite facies gneisses and migmatites of the Levack Gneiss Complex occupy a zone up to 8 km wide around the northern part of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC). Orthopyroxene- and garnet-bearing tonalitic and semipelitic assemblages of granulite facies grade occur within 3 km of the SIC together with lenses of mafic and pyroxenitic rock compositions normally represented by an amphibole +/- cpx-rich assemblage; amphibolite facies assemblages dominate elsewhere in this terrain. These 2.711-Ga gneisses were introduced by (1) the Cartier Granite Batholith during late Archaean to early Proterozoic time and (2) the SIC, at 1.85 Ga, which produced a contact aureole 1-1.5 km wide in which pyroxene hornfelses are common within 200-300 m of the contact. A suite of 12 samples including both the opx-gt and amphibole-rich rock compositions have been studied. Garnets in the semipelitic gneisses are variably replaced by a plg-bio assemblage. Thermobarometric calculations using a variety of barometers and thermometers reported in the literature suggest that the granulite facies assemblages formed at depths in the 21-28 km range (6-8 kbar). Textures and mineral chemistry in the garnet-bearing semipelitic rocks indicate that this terrain underwent a second metamorphic event during uplift to depth in the 5-11 km range (2-3 kbar) and at temperatures as low as 500-550 C. This latter event is distinct from thermal recrystallization caused by the emplacement of the SIC; it probably represents metamorphism attributable to intrusion of the Cartier Granite Batholith. These data allow two interpretations for the crustal uplift of the Levack Gneisses: (1) The gneisses were tectonically uplifted prior to the Sudbury Event (due to intrusion of the Cartier Batholith); or (2) the gneisses were raised to epizonal levels as a result of meteorite impact at 1.85 Ga.

Fluid inclusion studies of the Rodeo de Los Molles REE and Th deposit, Las Chacras Batholith, Central Argentina

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lira, Raul; Ripley, Edward M.

1990-03-01

The Rodeo de Los Molles rare earth element (REE) and thorium deposit is located in granitic rocks of the Las Chacras-Piedras Coloradas Batholith, in the southern block of the Eastern Pampean Ranges, Central Argentina. Mineralization occurs within an elongate (2 km × 0.6 km) body of alkalifeldspar granite (alaskite) localized along the northeastern edge of a composite batholith. The surrounding lithology is predominantly a biotite monzogranite. Both the alaskite and localized areas of quartz alkalifeldspar syenite within the alaskite have been produced by hydrothermal alteration of a late-crystallizing phase of the monzogranite. REE minerals are primarily of the cerium group and include britholite and allanite, both partially replaced by bastnaesite or thorbastnaesite. These minerals occur as nodules with quartz, fluorite, aegirine-augite, sphene, and Fe-Ti oxides within aplitic to pegmatoidal quartz alkalifeldspar syenite. Uranothorite, along with a second generation of fluorite and minor amounts of MnBa oxides, occurs in the alaskite as nodules, or within quartz-lined miarolitic cavities, but is not found with the Ce-mineralization. Studies of fluid inclusions contained in quartz and fluorite indicate a complex history of open-system fluid migration and interaction with monzogranite host rocks. Fluids responsible for REE mineralization and quartz deposition, along with initial alteration of the monzogranite to alaskite and quartz alkalifeldspar syenite, were of relatively high temperature (T h of fluid inclusions in quartz = 356-535°C) and moderate salinity (15-25 eq. wt% NaCl). Mixed CO 2H 2O fluids (XCO 2 = .13-.07) found as both primary and secondary inclusions within fluorite are representative of fluids involved in the replacement of britholite-allanite by bastnaesite and sphene, aegirine-augite, and plagioclase by calcite. Minimum pressures of mineral deposition estimated from H 2OCO 2NaCl phase relations range from 1 to 2 kbars. Secondary aqueous fluid inclusions in quartz define a trend of low salinity-high temperature to high salinity-low temperature, thought to be a result of hydration reactions occurring in alaskite and quartz alkali-feldspar syenite. The highest salinity fluids (35-37 eq. wt% NaCl) detected in the area are associated with the formation of uranothorite and late fluorite. Multiple periods of hydrothermal fluid introduction are consistent with recent geological data that indicate that the batholith is composed of several stock-like bodies. The location of the mineralized area near the top of the magma chamber, the presence of numerous miarolitic cavities, and the bulk composition of inclusion fluids (Na ≥ K > Ca) suggest that the fluids responsible for REE and Th mineralization were of magmatic origin.

Strontium and oxygen isotopic variations in Mesozoic and Tertiary plutons of central Idaho

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fleck, R.J.; Criss, R.E.

1985-01-01

Regional variations in initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (ri) of Mesozoic plutons in central Idaho locate the edge of Precambrian continental crust at the boundary between the late Paleozoic-Mesozoic accreted terranes and Precambrian sialic crust in western Idaho. The ri values increase abruptly but continuously from less than 0.704 in the accreted terranes to greater than 0.708 across a narrow, 5 to 15 km zone, characterized by elongate, lens-shaped, highly deformed plutons and schistose metasedimentary and metavolcanic units. The chemical and petrologic character of the plutons changes concomitantly from ocean-arc-type, diorite-tonalite-trondhjemite units to a weakly peraluminous, calcic to calcalkalic tonalite-granodiorite-granite suite (the Idaho batholith). Plutons in both suites yield Late Cretaceous ages, but Permian through Early Cretaceous bodies are confined to the accreted terranes and early Tertiary intrusions are restricted to areas underlain by Precambrian crust. The two major terranes were juxtaposed between 75 and 130 m.y. ago, probably between 80 and 95 m.y. Oxygen and strontium isotopic ratios and Rb and Sr concentrations of the plutonic rocks document a significant upper-crustal contribution to the magmas that intrude Precambrian crust. Magmas intruding the arc terranes were derived from the upper mantle/subducted oceanic lithosphere and may have been modified by anatexis of earlier island-arc volcanic and sedimentary units. Plutons near the edge of Precambrian sialic crust represent simple mixtures of the Precambrian wall-rocks with melts derived from the upper mantle or subducted oceanic lithosphere with ri of 0.7035. Rb/Sr varies linearly with ri, producing "pseudoisochrons" with apparent "ages" close to the age of the wall rocks. Measured ??18O values of the wall rocks are less than those required for the assimilated end-member by Sr-O covariation in the plutons, however, indicating that wall-rock ??18O was reduced significantly by exchange with circulating fluids. Metasedimentary rocks of the Belt Supergroup are similarly affected near the batholith, documenting a systematic depletion in 18O as much as 50 km from the margin of the batholith. Plutons of the Bitterroot lobe of the Idaho batholith are remote from the accreted terranes and represent mixtures of Precambrian wall-rocks with melts dominated by continental lower crust (ri>0.708) rather than mantle. "Pseudoisochrons" resulting from these data are actually mixing lines that yield apparent "ages" less than the true age of the wall rocks and meaningless "ri". Assimilation/ fractional-crystallization models permit only insignificant amounts of crystal fractionation during anatexis and mixing for the majority of plutons of the region. ?? 1985 Springer-Verlag.

Apollo 14 crewmembers sealed inside a Mobile Quarantine Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1971-01-01

Separated by aluminum and glass of their Mobile Quarantine Facility (MQF), the Apollo 14 crewmen visit with their families and friends upon arriving at Ellington Air Force Base in the early morning hours of February 12, 1971. Looking through the MQF window are Astronats Alan B Shepard Jr. (left); Stuart A Roosa (right); and Edgar D. Mitchell.

One Class Takes on the Standards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gewertz, Catherine

2013-01-01

Using an article about labor leader Cesar Chavez's grape boycott and hunger strike, students at Stuart-Hobson Middle School in Washington, D.C., are doing a "close read," a skill prized by the new Common Core State Standards being put into practice in the District of Columbia. As an English/language arts teacher in the common-core era,…

Comparative Evaluation of Two Serial Gene Expression Experiments | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

Stuart G. Baker, 2014 Introduction This program fits biologically relevant response curves in comparative analysis of the two gene expression experiments involving same genes but under different scenarios and at least 12 responses. The program outputs gene pairs with biologically relevant response curve shapes including flat, linear, sigmoid, hockey stick, impulse and step

Composite Linear Models | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

By Stuart G. Baker The composite linear models software is a matrix approach to compute maximum likelihood estimates and asymptotic standard errors for models for incomplete multinomial data. It implements the method described in Baker SG. Composite linear models for incomplete multinomial data. Statistics in Medicine 1994;13:609-622. The software includes a library of thirty

Sustaining Assessment: A Post-Epidemiological Approach Using "The Program Evaluation Standards"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Axelson, Rick D.; Flick, Arend

2009-01-01

At a recent assessment workshop, one of the authors' colleagues, Andrew Stuart Bergerson, offered a novel metaphor for building their university's assessment program. "We need to spread the assessment virus on campus," Drew remarked, half seriously. Although they had a good laugh over this image at the time, it encapsulates the faculty-driven…

More than Meets the Eye: Adult Education for Critical Consciousness in Luis Camnitzer's Art

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zorrilla, Ana Carlina

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the connection between art and adult education for critical consciousness through the conceptual art of Luis Camnitzer. The theoretical framework grounding this research was critical public pedagogy, influenced by both critical theory and Stuart Hall's systems of representation (1997). This framework…

Identification and Characterization of MYC Regulatory Elements: Links to Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

their consultation and support. The uro - genital apparatus and mammary gland cartoons in Figure 1, B and D, were kindly drawn by John Westlund. This...pathway. Science 281: 1509-1512. Heintzman ND, Stuart RK, Hon G, Fu Y, Ching CW, Hawkins RD, Barrera LO , Van Calcar S, Qu C, Ching KA et al. 2007

View of Apollo 14 crewmen in Command Module simulation training

NASA Image and Video Library

1970-07-15

S70-45580 (July 1970) --- The members of the prime crew of the Apollo 14 lunar landing mission participate in Command Module (CM) simulation training at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC). Left to right are astronauts Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot; Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot; and Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander.

Uncovering the Images and Meanings of International Organizations (IOs) in Higher Education Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shahjahan, Riyad A.; Madden, Meggan

2015-01-01

Employing Stuart Hall's concept of representation, we examine how international organizations (IOs) are presented in the higher education literature. This paper examines how IOs, such as the World Bank, OECD, and UNESCO, are conceptualized and represented by higher education researchers. We focus on three main representations of IOs in the higher…

Air and Space Power Journal-Spring 2016

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-01-01

control the human domain. Hypothetically, if an opponent attacks or manipulates the use of radio frequencies within the EMS, through cyber or other means...to US home- land systems via a radio frequency signal almost instantaneously. Furthermore, these information packets can be pre-positioned and lay...Remarkable Life of Apollo 14 Astronaut Stuart Roosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Willie G

Librarians and Party Girls: Cultural Studies and the Meaning of the Librarian.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Radford, Marie L.; Radford, Gary P.

2003-01-01

Responds to Wayne Wiegand's article that criticizes library and information science by suggesting a cultural studies approach to the field. Applies the work of Stuart Hall to a media stereotype of the female librarian based on the film "Party Girl" to allow new interpretations of media images of the profession. (Author/LRW)

State of the Birds 2017

Science.gov Websites

Report Methods Acknowledgments Contact Us Search ×Close Search Go Eastern Meadowlark by Ray Hennessy via Birdshare. The State of the Birds 2017: Farm Bill Special Report cover of Farm Bill Special Report Download the Report Northern Pintail by Stuart Lewis via Birdshare Benefits of the Farm Bill Farmer Frederick

The Voucher Movement as a Freedom of Choice Issue.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Picus, Larry

After describing the history of the educational voucher movement, this paper briefly discusses the various voucher models that have been proposed and considers some of the issues for and against the establishment of voucher systems. Tracing the voucher concept back to Adam Smith, Thomas Paine, and John Stuart Mill, the author notes that after the…

Distant view from downstream of lock with southeast machinery house, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Distant view from downstream of lock with southeast machinery house, SF 109, and timber guide wall on left, exterior view of closed lower lock gates and hydro-electric power house and dam in background, view towards west - St. Lucie Canal, St. Lucie Lock No. 1, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

Alternative Fleet Architecture Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-08-01

Alternative Fleet Architecture Design Stuart E. Johnson and Arthur K. Cebrowski Center...2005 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Alternative Fleet Architecture Design 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d...these principles in mind. An alternative fleet architecture design and three examples of future fleet platform architectures are presented in this

Developing a Communication Strategy for Protecting Children. Report on Problem Definition Analysis Presented to: The Stuart Foundations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brandon, Richard N.; Gordon, Andrew; Gordon, Margaret T.; Messerschmidt, David; Mitchell, Lorelei

The Human Services Policy Center of Washington undertook a study of communication strategies for protecting children because of the perception among many leading child protection professionals that a distorted pattern of media coverage is driving child protection policies toward responding to the small proportion of atypical cases which the media…

78 FR 20359 - Sunshine Act Meetings; National Science Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

... for May 2013 meeting. STATUS: Open. LOCATION: This meeting will be held by teleconference at the... visitors must report to the NSF visitor desk located in the lobby at the 9th and N. Stuart Streets entrance... information and updates (time, place, subject matter or status of meeting) may be found at http://www.nsf.gov...

The Big Apple's Core: Exploring Manhattan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Groce, Eric C.; Groce, Robin D.; Colby, Susan

2005-01-01

Children are exposed to a wide variety of images related to New York City through various media outlets. They may have seen glimpses of Manhattan by watching movies such as Spiderman or Stuart Little or by taking in annual television events such as the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade or the Times Square New Year's Eve celebration. Additionally,…

A sediment transport model for incision of gullies on steep topography

Treesearch

Erkan Istanbulluoglu; David G. Tarboton; Robert T. Pack; Charles H. Luce

2003-01-01

We have conducted surveys of gullies that developed in a small, steep watershed in the Idaho Batholith after a severe wildfire followed by intense precipitation. We measured gully length and cross sections to estimate the volumes of sediment loss due to gully formation. These volume estimates are assumed to provide an estimate of sediment transport capacity at each...

Radioactivity at the Copper Creek copper lode prospect, Eagle district, east-central Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wedow, Helmuth; Tolbert, Gene Edward

1952-01-01

Investigation of radioactivity anomalies at the Copper Creek copper lode prospect, Eagle district, east-central Alaska, during 1949 disclosed that the radioactivity is associated with copper mineralization in highly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. These rocks are a roof pendant in the Mesozoic "Charley River" batholith. The radioactivity is probably all due to uranium associated with bornite and malachite.

Some observations on the stoichiometry of feldspar hydrolysis in granitic soil

Treesearch

James L. Clayton

1988-01-01

Weathering rates of orthoclase and plagioclase were computed from mass balances of Na, K, and Ca in three forested watersheds in the Idaho batholith. On the basis of stand conditions, two watersheds were assumed to have no net gains or losses of cations in biomass, and increases in biomass were measured in the third watershed. Balanced feldspar hydrolysis reactions...

U-Pb ages and metamorphic evolution of the La Pampa Gneisses: Implications for the evolution of the Chilenia Terrane and Permo-Triassic tectonics of north Central Chile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Álvarez, Javier; Mpodozis, Constantino; Blanco-Quintero, Idael; García-Casco, Antonio; Arriagada, César; Morata, Diego

2013-11-01

The La Pampa Gneisses are an enclave of orthogneisses emplaced within late Paleozoic to Triassic granitoids of the Chollay Batholith, in the Cordillera Frontal, to the east of Vallenar. Previous geochronological data (a Rb/Sr “errorchron” of 415 ± 4 Ma) allowed to some authors to suggest that these rocks were part of the Chilenia Terrane accreted to Gondwana during the Middle Devonian (ca. 390 Ma). New petrographic, chemical and geothermobarometric studies, together with U-Pb geochronological data show that the protolith of the La Pampa Gneisses derives from peraluminous tonalites emplaced during the Pennsylvanian at 306.5 ± 1.8 Ma, ruling out the hypothesis considering these rocks as remnant of the pre-collisional Chilenia basement. The tonalites were metamorphosed between 5.06 and 5.58 kbar and 709-779 °C during the middle Permian (267.6 ± 2.1 Ma), possibly in conjunction with the San Rafael tectonic event and the emplacement of the oldest granitoids of the Chollay Batholith. A new intrusive episode occurred at ca. 240 Ma, followed by exhumation and cooling during a regional Triassic extensional episode.

Thermal effects on shearing resistance of fractures in Tak granite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khamrat, S.; Thongprapha, T.; Fuenkajorn, K.

2018-06-01

Triaxial shear tests have been performed on tension-induced fractures and smooth saw-cut surfaces in Tak granite under temperatures up to 773 K. The objective is to gain an understanding of the movement of shallow faults that cause seismic activities in the Tak batholith in the north of Thailand. The results indicate that the peak and residual shear strengths and fracture dilations notably decrease as the temperatures increase. The thermal effect is enhanced under higher confining pressures. The areas of the sheared-off asperities increase with temperature and confining pressure. A power equation can describe the increase of shear strengths with normal stress where the normal stress exponent is a linear function of the temperature. The strain energy principle is applied to incorporate the principal stresses and strains into a strength criterion. A linear relation between the distortional strain energy (Wd) and the mean strain energy (Wm) of the fractures is obtained. The Wd-Wm slope depends on the fracture roughness and strength of the asperities, which can be defined as a function of shear and mean strains and dilation of the fractures. This may allow predicting the peak strength of the shallow faults in the Tak batholith.

Distribution of manganese between coexisting biotite and hornblende in plutonic rocks

USGS Publications Warehouse

Greenland, L.P.; Gottfried, D.; Tilling, R.I.

1968-01-01

The distribution of manganese between coexisting biotite and hornblende for 80 mineral pairs from igneous rocks of diverse provenance (including Southern California, Sierra Nevada, Boulder, and Boulder Creek batholiths and the Jemez Mountains volcanics) has been determined by neutron activation analysis. Data on the distribution ratio (Kd = Mnhornblende Mnbiotite) indicate that an equilibrium distribution of Mn is closely approached, though not completely attained, in most samples from plutonic environments. Comparison of Kd values of mineral pairs with bulk chemical composition of host rocks reveals no correlation. Because initial crystallization temperatures vary with rock composition, the lack of correlation of composition with Kd suggests that the equilibrium distribution of Mn between biotite and hornblende reflects exchange at subsolidus temperatures rather than initial crystallization temperatures. The highest Kd values are for volcanic rocks, in which rapid quenching prevents subsolidus redistribution of Mn. For sample pairs from the Southern California and Sierra Nevada batholiths there is a positive correlation of Kd with TiO2 content of biotite. Though the evidence is not compelling, Kd may also correlate with the rate of cooling and/or the presence or absence of sphene in the rock. ?? 1968.

"I've Always Believed in Second or Third Chance Education"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stanistreet, Paul

2011-01-01

Few university leaders can speak with as much authority about the transformative power of learning as Mary Stuart, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Lincoln. She knows first-hand both what it is like to be poor and down on her luck and how "second chance" education and a willingness to work hard and take risks can turn lives around.…

Clarification and Elaboration on Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wampold, Bruce E.; Goodheart, Carol D.; Levant, Ronald F.

2007-01-01

Responds to comments by D. C. Wendt and B. D. Slife (see record 2007-13085-019), P. H. Hunsberger (see record 2007-13085-020), and R. B. Stuart and S. O. Lilienfeld (see record 2007-13085-021) regarding the report by the APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice (see record 2006-05893-001) entitled Evidence-based practice in…

Picturing Obama: Race, High School Students and a Critical Methodology of the Visual

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, William L.

2017-01-01

I draw on methodological findings from a case study on how high school students of color make sense of dominant narratives of race and politics in the Obama American Era. Incorporating literature from critical race theory, visual research methods, and the writings of cultural scholar Stuart Hall, I draw conclusions from this inquiry project as a…

New/Small News in the English Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sawyer, Wayne

2007-01-01

It has been argued that schools are trapped in a print-based past, while their students inhabit a nonprint-based age, and that this has accompanied a shift from traditional mass media to media driven by computer technology. This article draws on the work of Stuart Allan to examine some of the history of this shift in term of news and asks what…

Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate (SLN) Based Linearized Electro-Optic (EO) Modulator

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

AFRL-SN-RS-TR-2006-15 Final Technical Report January 2006 STOICHIOMETRIC LITHIUM NIOBATE (SLN) BASED LINEARIZED ELECTRO - OPTIC (EO...LITHIUM NIOBATE (SLN) BASED LINEARIZED ELECTRO - OPTIC (EO) MODULATOR 6. AUTHOR(S) Dr Stuart Kingsley, Dr Sri Sriram 5. FUNDING NUMBERS C...SUBJECT TERMS electro - optic modulator, linearization, directional coupler, variable coupling, optical waveguide, Mach-Zehnder, photonic link, lithium

Satisfied Fools: Using J. S. Mill's Notion of Utility to Analyse the Impact of Vocationalism in Education within a Democratic Society

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tarrant, Iona; Tarrant, James

2004-01-01

This paper proposes a new interpretation of John Stuart Mill's notion of utility, which is used to provide a utilitarian justification for an eclectic, rather than a vocational, education. Vocational education is strongly promoted in recent policy documents, which makes it important to raise the question of justification. Many existing…

Building Leadership Capacity in California's Public Education Systems: Lessons from the SCALE Initiative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knudson, Joel

2014-01-01

This report documents the history and evolution of the Stuart Foundation California Leaders in Education (SCALE) Initiative through 2014. It tells the story of how the work began, what it entails, and how it has developed across time. The report also identifies lessons learned from the SCALE experience. These lessons can inform the participants of…

Beyond Binary: Using Propensity Scores to Account for Varying Levels of Program Participation in Randomized Controlled Trials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stuart, Elizabeth A.; Warkentien, Siri; Jo, Booil

2011-01-01

The purpose of the current project is to explore the use of propensity scores to estimate the effects of interventions within randomized control trials, accounting for varying levels of implementation or fidelity. This work extends that of Jo and Stuart (2009) to settings with multiple or continuous measures of implementation. Rather than focus…

Discovering Aspects of Teacher Identity through Volunteering in the Noncredit ESL Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jurkunas, Lina

2015-01-01

As many scholars in the field of TESOL (Danielewicz, 2001; Harlow & Cobb, 2014; Kanno & Stuart, 2011) point out, the development of teacher identity is an ongoing, multifaceted process. Thus, quite frequently, novice teachers feel as though they take on a role when they are in the classroom, as opposed to fully embodying an identity of a…

Community attitudes toward rationing ARVs: a qualitative study of justice and equity.

PubMed

Rennie, Stuart

2006-12-01

Medical rationing of anti-retroviral therapies (ARVs) may conflict with the right to health, but rationing is nevertheless a reality in developing countries. In this article, which is based on a poster presentation at the conference, Stuart Rennie presents the preliminary findings of a study on community attitudes towards rationing ARVs in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

Underkill. Scalable Capabilities for Military Operations Amid Populations

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Purchase this document Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution Support RAND Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188...Secretary of Defense Approved for public release; distribution unlimited DAVID C. GOMPERT | STUART E . JOHNSON MARTIN C. LIBICKI | DAVID R. FRELINGER... E . Hunter, War by Other Means—Building Complete and Balanced Capabilities for Counterinsurgency: iv Underkill Prompted by this finding, and with

What Contribution Can General Semantics Make to the Communication Arts?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maynard, Harry E.

Discussion in this paper is given to some studies and texts devoted to the study of general semantics, which is defined as the study of language operations in real human contexts with emphasis on the human consequences of these operations. Mentioned are (1) books by S. I. Hayakawa, Wendell Johnson, Irving J. Lee, and Stuart Chase; (2) lesson plans…

76 FR 12558 - Amendment to Special Use Airspace Restricted Areas R-2203, and R-2205; Alaska

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-08

...-0055; Airspace Docket No. 11-AAL-2] Amendment to Special Use Airspace Restricted Areas R-2203, and R... amendment. SUMMARY: This action amends the using agency of Restricted Areas R-2203 A, B, & C; Eagle River, AK, and R-2205, Stuart Creek, AK. These changes reflect the U.S. Army's current organization in...

International Conference on Hyperbolic Problems Theory, Numerics, Applications Held in Stony Brook, New York on 13-17 June 1994

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-07-25

these equations, see Antman [1]. fourth order methods are the only ones that give good results Keyfits and Xranser [(3 considered the string with a...produces a weak solution to the Cauchy problem for arbitrarily large initial data by working in L 2 spaces. [1] Stuart S. Antman , "The Equations for

Lattice Boltzmann Methods for Fluid Structure Interaction

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DISSERTATION LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHODS FOR FLUID STRUCTURE INTERACTION by Stuart R. Blair September 2012 Dissertation Supervisor...200 words) The use of lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM) for fluid flow and its coupling with finite element method (FEM) structural models for fluid... structure interaction (FSI) is investigated. A body of high performance LBM software that exploits graphic processing unit (GPU) and multiprocessor

CCR researchers provide insight into pathway that initiates a common type of skin cancer | Center for Cancer Research

Cancer.gov

Since studies in mice have elucidated much about tumor biology, Stuart Yuspa, M.D., and Christophe Cataisson, Ph.D., of CCR’s Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, and their colleagues decided to study mice that overexpress hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) to understand the role the pathway plays in squamous cell cancer (SCC).

Freedom of Speech under Assault on Campus. Policy Analysis No. 796

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobson, Daniel

2016-01-01

John Stuart Mill thought higher education should not tell us what it is our duty to believe, but should "help us to form our own belief in a manner worthy of intelligent beings." He added that "there ought to exist the fullest liberty of professing and discussing, as a matter of ethical conviction, any doctrine," regardless of…

Characterization of Acoustic Streaming Beyond 100 MHz

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eisener, J.; Lippert, A.; Nowak, T.; Cairós, C.; Reuter, F.; Mettin, R.

The aim of this study is to investigate acoustic streaming in water at very high ultrasonic frequencies, namely beyond 100 MHz. At such high frequencies, the dissipation length of acoustic waves shrinks considerably, and the acoustic streaming transforms from the well-known Eckart type into a Stuart-Lighthill type: While Eckart streaming is driven by a small momentum transfer along the path of a weakly damped travelling sound wave, Stuart-Lighthill streaming is generated by rather local and strong momentum transfer of a highly damped and therefore rapidly decaying wave. Then the inertia of the induced flow cannot be neglected anymore, and a potentially turbulent jet flow emerges. Here we report on streaming velocity measurements for the case where the sound is completely absorbed within a region much smaller than the generated jet. In contrast to previous work in this frequency range, where mainly surface acoustic wave transducers have been employed, we use piston-type transducers that emit vertically to the transducer surface. The acoustic streaming effects are characterized by ink front tracking and particle tracking velocimetry, and by numerical studies. The results show narrow high-speed jet flows that extend much farther into the liquid than the acoustic field. Velocities of several m/s are observed.

The Accotink Schist, Lake Barcroft Metasandstone, and Popes Head Formation; keys to an understanding of the tectonic evolution of the northern Virginia Piedmont

USGS Publications Warehouse

Drake, Avery Ala; Lyttle, Peter T.

1981-01-01

The newly named Accotink Schist and Lake Barcroft Metasandstone of the Eastern Fairfax sequence are the structurally lowest metamorphic rocks in the northernmost Piedmont of Virginia. The Accotink consists of beds of pelitic schist that have thin basal intervals containing graded, very fine grained metasiltstone, as well as interbeds of metasandstone like that in the overlying Lake Barcroft Metasandstone. The unit is characterized by the Bouma turbidite sequences Te and Tde and can be assigned to turbidite facies D and E. The thickness of the Accotink is not known because its base is not exposed. The Accotink Schist grades up into the Lake Barcroft Metasandstone, which consists of two types of metasandstone. Type I metaarenite is quartzofeldspathic granofels which forms thick sequences of amalgamated beds that can best be described as belonging to the Bouma turbidite sequence Ta and to turbidite facies B 2 . Type II metagraywacke of the Lake Barcroft Metasandstone consists of micaceous metagraywacke in thin to medium beds, which can be described as belonging to the Buoma turbidite sequences Tabe and (or) Tae and to turbidite facies C. The Lake Barcroft Metasandstone appears to be about 400 m thick. It and the Accotink Schist are thought to represent a coarsening-upward sequence of an outer submarine-fan association of rocks. The Eastern Fairfax sequence is overlain by the Sykesville Formation. We believe that this contact is a movement surface upon which the Sykesville was emplaced by subaqueous sliding. The Sykesville contains isoclinally folded fragments, thought to be rip-ups, of Accotink and Lake Barcroft rocks. The Eastern Fairfax sequence is intruded by rocks of the Occoquan Granite batholith, which contains pendants of isoclinally folded schist and metagraywacke. Mter intrusion, the metasedimentary and plutonic rocks were folded together. Gamet and chlorite porphyroblasts within the Eastern Fairfax sequence appear to be related to the emplacement of the batholith. The minimum age of the Eastern Fairfax sequence is that of the Occoquan Granite batholith, currently thought to be about 560 m.y. The sequence, then, is considered to be of Early Cambrian age or older. The Accotink Schist and Lake Barcroft Metasandstone have some lithic similarity to the Loch Raven Schist and Oella Formation of Crowley (1976) of the Baltimore area, but a correlation is very uncertain at this time. The newly named Popes Head Formation overlies all other metasedimentary and transported meta-igneous rocks in northernmost Virginia west ofthe Occoquan Granite batholith and is intruded by the batholith. The Popes Head consists of a lower Old Mill Branch Metasiltstone Member and an upper Station Hills Phyllite Member. The Old Mill Branch consists largely of alternating coarser and finer grained strata that are mostly fine- to very fine grained, mineralogically quite mature graded metasiltstone, which can be described as belonging to Bouma turbidite sequence Tbde and (or) Tde, more rarely Tcde. The metasiltstone contains interbedded intervals in which both felsic and mafic metatuff contain pristine euhedral crystals of igneous minerals. We believe that the metatuff represents ash-fall deposits. The Old Mill Branch appears to be about 730 m thick. The Old Mill Branch grades up into the Station Hills Phyllite Member, which consists of thin- to medium-bedded pelitic phyllite and smaller amounts of very fine grained metasiltstone. The metasiltstone beds are graded, and many phyllite beds appear to have basal in- tervals containing graded, very fine grained metasiltstone. These beds can be described as belonging to Bouma turbidite sequence Tde. The Station Hills has intervals containing chlorite-rich phyllite, which probably represents mafic metatuff. No felsic metatuff has been recognized. The top of the Station Hills is not known, neither therefore, is its thickness. This unit appears to have a maximum thickness of about 300 m in northern

Thermochronology of the Cornubian batholith in southwest England: Implications for pluton emplacement and protracted hydrothermal mineralization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chesley, J. T.; Halliday, A. N.; Snee, L. W.; Mezger, K.; Shepherd, T. J.; Scrivener, R. C.

1993-04-01

The metalliferous ore deposits of southwest England are associated with biotite-muscovite granites that intruded upper Paleozoic sediments and volcanic rocks at the end of the Hercynian Orogeny. The hydrothermal mineralization can be subdivided into four stages: (1) exoskarns (2) high-temperature tin and tungsten oxide-bearing sheeted greisen bordered veins and Sn-bearing tourmaline veins and breccias (3) polymetallic quartz-tourmaline-chlorite-sulfide-fluorite-bearing fissure veins, which represent the main episode of economic mineralization (4) late-stage, low-temperature polymetallic fluorite veins. U-Pb dating of monazite and xenotime and 40Ar /39Ar dating of muscovite were used to determine emplacement ages and cooling times for individual plutons within the Cornubian batholith, as well as separate intrusive phases within the plutons. In addition, 40Ar /39Ar ages from hornblende and secondary muscovite and Sm-Nd isochron ages from fluorite were employed to determine the relationship between pluton emplacement and different stages of mineralization. The U-Pb ages indicate that granite magmatism was protracted from ~300 Ma down to ~275 Ma with no evidence of a major hiatus. There is no systematic relation between the age of a pluton and its location within the batholith. The U-Pb ages for separate granite phases within a single pluton are resolvable and indicate that magma emplacement within individual plutons occurred over periods of as much as 4.5 myrs. Felsic porphyry dike emplacement was coeval with plutonism, but continued to ~270 Ma. The geochronologic data suggest that the Cornubian batholith originated from repeated melting events over 30 myrs and was formed by a series of small coalescing granitic bodies. Cooling rates of the main plutons are unrelated to emplacement age, but decrease from the southwest to the northeast from ~210°C myr -1 to ~60°C myr -1 with a mean of 100°C myr -1. These slow cooling rates appear to reflect the addition of heat from multiple intrusive episodes. The mineralization history is distinct for each pluton and ranges from coeval with, to up to 40 myrs younger than the cooling age for the host pluton. Stage 2 mineralization is broadly synchronous with the emplacement of granite magmas, is dominated by fluids expelled during crystallization, and may be repeated by the emplacement of younger magmas within the same pluton. Sm-Nd isochrons for fluorite from stage 3 polymetallic mineralization give ages of 259 ± 7, 266 ± 3 and 267 ± 12 Ma, postdating stage 2 mineralization by up to 25 myrs within the same deposit. The similarity in age of the main polymetallic mineralization hosted by the oldest and youngest plutons, suggests that this stage of mineralization is unlikely to be related to hydrothermal circulation driven by the emplacement and cooling of the host granite. The mineralization is more likely the product of regional hydrothermal circulation driven by heat from the emplacement and crystallization of younger buried pulses of magma.

Record of Fluctuating Magmatic Environments, Melt Fractionation, and Mixing of Crystals: Elemental Compositions of Zircon Zones, Spirit Mountain Batholith, Nevada

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, C. F.; Claiborne, L. L.; Wooden, J. L.; Mazdab, F. K.; Walker, B. A.

2006-12-01

Spirit Mountain batholith is a large, tilted, subvolcanic intrusion in southernmost Nevada (Walker et al., in press; Lowery Claiborne et al., in press). Field relations and elemental chemistry of rocks ranging from felsic cumulates to leucogranites demonstrate both fractionation and frequent recharging. SHRIMP U-Pb analysis of zircon reveals a 2 m.y. history (17.4-15.3 Ma) for the batholith; almost all of the samples record multiple age populations. Elemental concentrations and zoning patterns document the utility of zircon in tracking magmatic environments and crystal transfer processes and provide important insights into the complex and protracted history of the batholith. The data lend strong support to the Watson et al. (2006) Ti-in-zircon thermometer. At reasonable a(TiO2) between 0.5 and 0.9, all calculated T's are consistent with petrological constraints and granite phase equilibria; using a(TiO2) = 0.7, T ranges from 675-900 C. Over this apparent T interval, which reflects a range in Ti from 3.2-34 ppm, concentrations of Hf (6000-18000 ppm), U (20-5000 ppm), and Th (50-13,000 ppm), and REE patterns all vary dramatically and systematically. Hf, U, Th, and Ce/Ce* are negatively correlated with T; LREE/MREE, MREE/HREE, and Eu/Eu* are positively correlated with T. These variations indicate that zircon preferentially incorporated Zr over Hf (hence falling Zr/Hf); U and Th behaved as strongly incompatible elements in the crystallizing assemblage as a whole; compatibility of REE increased with decreasing atomic number (effect of LREE accessories?); Eu+2 was more compatible (feldspars) and Ce+4 less compatible than equivalent +3 REE. All of these trends are consistent with the observed crystallizing assemblage and with general trends in whole rocks. More striking, however, is intrasample and intragrain variability. Although leucogranite samples have a larger proportion of zircon with compositions indicating low T and growth from fractionated melt, all samples have a very wide, and overlapping, range of zircon compositions. Many grains are very strongly zoned, and some individual grains show almost the full range of calculated T and elemental composition. Rims of zircons from the leucogranites are typically "cold" and evolved, but many have high-T interiors that contrast with host rock. Core-to-rim zoning is commonly not monotonic but rather strongly fluctuating, indicating that during growth zircon experienced episodes of increased T and immersion in less evolved melts. These patterns of compositional variability reveal that zircons survived heating events; were entrained in ascending fractionated melt; and were exchanged among contrasting magma batches. Such a history is consistent with protracted residence in a large, multiply replenished and rejuvenated mushy magma system in which melt fraction fluctuated in space and time.

Thermochronology of the Cornubian batholith in southwest England: Implications for pluton emplacement and protracted hydrothermal mineralization

USGS Publications Warehouse

Chesley, J.T.; Halliday, A.N.; Snee, L.W.; Mezger, K.; Shepherd, T.J.; Scrivener, R.C.

1993-01-01

The metalliferous ore deposits of southwest England are associated with biotite-muscovite granites that intruded upper Paleozoic sediments and volcanic rocks at the end of the Hercynian Orogeny. The hydrothermal mineralization can be subdivided into four stages: 1. (1) exoskarns 2. (2) high-temperature tin and tungsten oxide-bearing sheeted greisen bordered veins and Sn-bearing tourmaline veins and breccias 3. (3) polymetallic quartz-tourmaline-chlorite-sulfide-fluorite-bearing fissure veins, which represent the main episode of economic mineralization 4. (4) late-stage, low-temperature polymetallic fluorite veins. U-Pb dating of monazite and xenotime and 40Ar 39Ar dating of muscovite were used to determine emplacement ages and cooling times for individual plutons within the Cornubian batholith, as well as separate intrusive phases within the plutons. In addition, 40Ar 39Ar ages from hornblende and secondary muscovite and Sm-Nd isochron ages from fluorite were employed to determine the relationship between pluton emplacement and different stages of mineralization. The U-Pb ages indicate that granite magmatism was protracted from ~300 Ma down to ~275 Ma with no evidence of a major hiatus. There is no systematic relation between the age of a pluton and its location within the batholith. The U-Pb ages for separate granite phases within a single pluton are resolvable and indicate that magma emplacement within individual plutons occurred over periods of as much as 4.5 myrs. Felsic porphyry dike emplacement was coeval with plutonism, but continued to ~270 Ma. The geochronologic data suggest that the Cornubian batholith originated from repeated melting events over 30 myrs and was formed by a series of small coalescing granitic bodies. Cooling rates of the main plutons are unrelated to emplacement age, but decrease from the southwest to the northeast from ~210??C myr-1 to ~60??C myr-1 with a mean of 100??C myr-1. These slow cooling rates appear to reflect the addition of heat from multiple intrusive episodes. The mineralization history is distinct for each pluton and ranges from coeval with, to up to 40 myrs younger than the cooling age for the host pluton. Stage 2 mineralization is broadly synchronous with the emplacement of granite magmas, is dominated by fluids expelled during crystallization, and may be repeated by the emplacement of younger magmas within the same pluton. Sm-Nd isochrons for fluorite from stage 3 polymetallic mineralization give ages of 259 ?? 7, 266 ?? 3 and 267 ?? 12 Ma, postdating stage 2 mineralization by up to 25 myrs within the same deposit. The similarity in age of the main polymetallic mineralization hosted by the oldest and youngest plutons, suggests that this stage of mineralization is unlikely to be related to hydrothermal circulation driven by the emplacement and cooling of the host granite. The mineralization is more likely the product of regional hydrothermal circulation driven by heat from the emplacement and crystallization of younger buried pulses of magma. ?? 1993.

Did the Malaysian Main Range record a weak hot Mega Shear?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sautter, Benjamin; Pubellier, Manuel

2015-04-01

The Main Range of Peninsular Malaysia is a batholith that extends over more than 500km from Malacca in the South to the Thailand border in the North. It results from the subduction/accretion history of the western margin of Sunda Plate by Late Triassic times. We present a structural analysis based on geomorphology, field observations and geochronological data. While most of the basement fabrics are characterized by N-S structures such as granitic plutons, sutures, and folds, a prominent oblique deformation occurred by the End of the Mesozoics synchronous with a widespread thermal anomaly (eg Tioman, Stong, Gunung Jerai, Khanom, Krabi plutons). Morphostructures and drainage anomalies from Digital Elevation Model (SRTM and ASTER), allow us to highlight 2 major groups of penetrative faults in the Central Range Batholith: early NW-SE (5km spaced faults some of which are identified as thrust faults) cross-cut and offset by NNE-SSW dextral normal faults. The regularly spaced NW-SE faults bend toward the flanks of the Batholith and tend to parallel both the Bentong Raub Suture Zone to the East and the strike slip Bok Bak Fault to the West, thus giving the overall fault network the aspect of a large C/S band. Hence, a ductile/brittle behavior can be proposed for the sigmoid faults in the core of the Batholith, whereas the NNE faults are clearly brittle, more linear and are found on the smaller outlying plutons. Radiogenic crystallization ages are homogenous at 190±20Ma (U-Pb Zircon, Tc>1000°C and K-Ar Muscovite, Tc350°C) whereas Zircon fission tracks(Tc=250°C) show specific spatial zoning of the data distribution with ages at 100±10Ma for the outlying plutons and ages at 70±10Ma for the Main Range. We propose a structural mechanism according to which the Main Range would be the ductile core of a Mega-Shear Zone exhumed via transpressive tectonics by the end of Mesozoic Times. A first stage between 100 and 70Ma (Upper Cretaceous) of dextral transpression affected Peninsular Malaysia at a lithospheric scale, accommodated by N-S faults (C planes) such as the Bentong Raub Suture Zone, the Bukit Tinggi fault and the Kledang Fault. This lead to the formation of NW-SE fractures in already exhumed peripheral plutons (< 250°C) and deep level (> 250°C) sigmoid faults (S planes) in the Main range. Later a brittle stage of exhumation occurred in the same system, after 70Ma, leading to NNE-SSW dextral Riedel type faults reactivating pluton flanks, and offsetting older faults as well as quartz dykes. The occurrence of such a structure could be linked to the subduction of the Wharton Ridge at the western margin of Sunda Plate. As a result, a collapse of this hot and thin crust occurred accommodated by LANF's reactivating the basement fabrics including intrusive edges and folds hinges.

Radiogenic heat production in sedimentary rocks of the Gulf of Mexico Basin, south Texas

USGS Publications Warehouse

McKenna, T.E.; Sharp, J.M.

1998-01-01

Radiogenic heat production within the sedimentary section of the Gulf of Mexico basin is a significant source of heat. Radiogenic heat should be included in thermal models of this basin (and perhaps other sedimentary basins). We calculate that radiogenic heat may contribute up to 26% of the overall surface heat-flow density for an area in south Texas. Based on measurements of the radioactive decay rate of ??-particles, potassium concentration, and bulk density, we calculate radiogenic heat production for Stuart City (Lower Cretaceous) limestones, Wilcox (Eocene) sandstones and mudrocks, and Frio (Oligocene) sandstones and mudrocks from south Texas. Heat production rates range from a low of 0.07 ?? 0.01 ??W/m3 in clean Stuart City limestones to 2.21 ?? 0.24??W/m3 in Frio mudrocks. Mean heat production rates for Wilcox sandstones, Frio sandstones, Wilcox mudrocks, and Frio mudrocks are 0.88, 1.19, 1.50, and 1.72 ??W/m3, respectively. In general, the mudrocks produce about 30-40% more heat than stratigraphically equivalent sandstones. Frio rocks produce about 15% more heat than Wilcox rocks per unit volume of clastic rock (sandstone/mudrock). A one-dimensional heat-conduction model indicates that this radiogenic heat source has a significant effect on subsurface temperatures. If a thermal model were calibrated to observed temperatures by optimizing basal heat-flow density and ignoring sediment heat production, the extrapolated present-day temperature of a deeply buried source rock would be overestimated.Radiogenic heat production within the sedimentary section of the Gulf of Mexico basin is a significant source of heat. Radiogenic heat should be included in thermal models of this basin (and perhaps other sedimentary basins). We calculate that radiogenic heat may contribute up to 26% of the overall surface heat-flow density for an area in south Texas. Based on measurements of the radioactive decay rate of ??-particles, potassium concentration, and bulk density, we calculate radiogenic heat production for Stuart City (Lower Cretaceous) limestones, Wilcox (Eocene) sandstones and mudrocks, and Frio (Oligocene) sandstones and mudrocks from south Texas. Heat production rates range from a low of 0.07??0.01 ??W/m3 in clean Stuart City limestones to 2.21??0.24 ??W/m3 in Frio mudrocks. Mean heat production rates for Wilcox sandstones, Frio sandstones, Wilcox mudrocks, and Frio mudrocks are 0.88, 1.19, 1.50, and 1.72 ??W/m3, respectively. In general, the mudrocks produce about 30-40% more heat than stratigraphically equivalent sandstones. Frio rocks produce about 15% more heat than Wilcox rocks per unit volume of clastic rock (sandstone/mudrock). A one-dimensional heat-conduction model indicates that this radiogenic heat source has a significant effect on subsurface temperatures. If a thermal model were calibrated to observed temperatures by optimizing basal heat-flow density and ignoring sediment heat production, the extrapolated present-day temperature of a deeply buried source rock would be overestimated.

Lateral Variations in Geologic Structure and Tectonic Setting from Remote Sensing Data

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

bodies. Analogous magnetic anomaly patterns perhaps can be inferred, since regional lithologies are comparable with some volcanic bodies around the...32 14 Geologic map of the Katahdin Batholith . . . . . . . . . . . 34 15 Bouguer gravity map of Mai ne ... ............ . 36 16 Magnetic anomaly map... magnetic anomaly patterns perhaps can be inferred, since regional lithologies are comparable with some volcanic bodies around the plutons. Linear

Metallothionein Isoform Expression in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions.

PubMed

Wojtczak, Beata; Pula, Bartosz; Gomulkiewicz, Agnieszka; Olbromski, Mateusz; Podhorska-Okolow, Marzena; Domoslawski, Paweł; Bolanowski, Marek; Daroszewski, Jacek; Dziegiel, Piotr

2017-09-01

Metallothioneins (MTs) are involved in numerous cell processes such as binding and transport of zinc and copper ions, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, therefore contributing to carcinogenesis. Scarce data exist on their expression in benign and malignant lesions of the thyroid. mRNA expression of functional isoforms of MT genes (MT1A, MT1B, MT1E, MT1F, MT1G, MT1H, MT1X, MT2A, MT4) was studied in 17 nodular goiters (NG), 12 follicular adenomas (FA) and 26 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in mRNA expression levels of MT1A (p<0.05), MT1E (p<0.005), MT1F (p<0.0001), MT1G (p<0.005), MT1X (p<0.0005) and MT2A (p<0.005) in the analyzed samples. Post hoc analysis confirmed a significantly lower expression of MT1A mRNA in PTC compared to NG (p<0.05). Significant down-regulation was also noted for other MT isoforms in PTC in comparison to NG: MT1E (p<0.05), MT1F (p<0.0001), MT1G (p<0.005), MT1X (p<0.0005) and MT2A (p<0.05). In addition, significant down-regulation of MT1F and MT1G in FA compared to NG was observed (p<0.005 and p<0.05, respectively). Expression of functional MT isoforms may contribute to thyroid carcinogenesis and potentially serve as a diagnostic marker in distinguishing benign and malignant lesions. Copyright© 2017, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

Comparative use of TIMS and SHRIMP for U Pb zircon dating of A-type granites and mafic tholeiitic layered complexes and dykes from the Corsican Batholith (France)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cocherie, A.; Rossi, Ph.; Fanning, C. M.; Guerrot, C.

2005-05-01

The Corsica-Sardinia batholith in the southern realm of the Hercynian belt of Europe shows evidence for gravitational collapse of this part of the mountain belt, causing major felsic and mafic magmatism. The latest intrusions are composed of leucomonzogranite and late metaluminous and alkaline granite, associated with tholeiitic layered complexes and dykes. Three dating methods on zircon (Pb-evaporation, ID-TIMS and SHRIMP) were used to unravel the chronology of these felsic and mafic rocks. Dating of zircons by the conventional U-Pb method, using TIMS after zircon dissolution, achieved an analytical uncertainty of 1 Ma for favourable cases. The TIMS Pb-evaporation technique resulted in ages with an uncertainty range of 4 to 8 Ma. After 15 to 20 analyses with the SHRIMP method, a precision ranging from 2 to 5 Ma was obtained (all at 2 σ). The three methods applied to the same zircon population extracted from four A-type granites, show that the uncertainty ranges within 2-5 Ma according to the sample. This error seems to correspond to the real geochronological uncertainty that can be achieved. The results obtained show that all six tested alkaline granites were emplaced during a very short interval of about 3-5 Ma at about 288 Ma, almost contemporaneous with the leucomonzogranite emplacement (291-287 Ma) that ended the batholith formation. In addition, there is no significant gap with the age of emplacement of the mafic tholeiitic magmatism (around 286 Ma) crosscutting the "A-type" granites. The late alkaline granites definitely do not show up here as precursors of the Tethyan rifting that began at about 170 Ma, i.e. some 100 Ma after their emplacement. It is thus necessary to examine if alternative hypotheses to the anorogenic model of the A-type Younger Granite province better fit the new geochronological data. A model involving depleted continental-crust derived magma should be compatible with the timing and geodynamical constraints as far as isotopic data are concerned.

Adult Education between Cultures. Encounters and Identities in European Adult Education since 1890. Leeds Studies in Continuing Education. Cross-Cultural Studies in the Education of Adults, Number 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hake, Barry J., Ed.; Marriott, Stuart, Ed.

This book contains the following papers from a European research seminar examining the history and theory of cross-cultural communication in adult education: "Introduction: Encounters and Identities in European Adult Education since 1890" (Barry J. Hake, Stuart Marriott); "The University Extension Movement (1892-1914) in Ghent,…

Simple and Flexible Classification of Gene Expression Microarrays Via Swirls and Ripples | Division of Cancer Prevention

Cancer.gov

By Stuart G. Baker The program requires Mathematica 7.01.0 The key function is Classify [datalist,options] where datalist={data, genename, dataname} data ={matrix for class 0, matrix for class 1}, matrix is gene expression by specimen genename a list of names of genes, dataname ={name of data set, name of class0, name of class1} |

Guidelines for Head Tactile Communication

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

significant effects were explored using least significant difference ( LSD ). The mean static force created on the head by the headband was 0.47 N. Due to...differences in thresholds attributable to head location, frequency, and noise condition, and significant effects were explored using LSD . The mean...Stuart, M.; Turman, A. B.; Shaw , J.; Walsh, N.; Nguyen, V. Effects of Aging on Vibration Detection Thresholds at Various Body Regions. BMC Geriatrics

An Investigation of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines for Modeling and Analysis of Univariate and Semi-Multivariate Time Series Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-01

However, there is no guarantee that this would work; for instance if the data were generated by an ARCH model (Tong, 1990 pp. 116-117) then a simple...Hill, R., Griffiths, W., Lutkepohl, H., and Lee, T., Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Econometrics , 2th ed., Wiley, 1985. Kendall, M., Stuart

Toward a Typology of Abusive Women: Differences between Partner-Only and Generally Violent Women in the Use of Violence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Babcock, Julia C.; Miller, Sarah A.; Siard, Cheryl

2003-01-01

Based on previous typologies of domestically violent men (Holtzworth-Munroe & Stuart, 1994), women who were referred to a treatment agency for abusive behavior (N = 52) were categorized into two groups based on the breadth of their use of violence: Partner-Only (PO) and Generally Violent (GV). PO women were hypothesized to use reactive violence,…

Applying Lessons Learned from Interwar Airpower (1919-1939) to Joint Warfighting with Cyberpower

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-13

5 Franklin D. Kramer, Stuart H. Starr, and Larry K. Wentz, eds., Cyberpower and National Security (Washington...doctrines because such doctrines reduce uncertainty and increase organizational size, wealth , and autonomy.” 3 Offensive doctrines, defined as doctrines...almost any adversary and its geographic security. Russell Weigley, in his work The American Way of War, notes that as the military power of the

Do Frogs Still Get Their Kicks On Route 66? A Transcontinental Transect For Amphibian Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis) Infection On U.S. Department Of Defense Installations

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-04

Collins JP (2006) Emerging infectious disease and the loss of biodiversity in a Neotropical amphibian community. Ecology 103: 3165-3170. Lips KR...and Other Federal Lands in Sustaining Biodiversity . BioScience 58: 339-347. Stuart SN, Chanson JS, Cox NA, Young BE, Rodrigues ASL, Fischman DL

Finite amplitude instability of second-order fluids in plane Poiseuille flow.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcintire, L. V.; Lin, C. H.

1972-01-01

The hydrodynamic stability of plane Poiseuille flow of second-order fluids to finite amplitude disturbances is examined using the method of Stuart and Watson as extended by Reynolds and Potter. For slightly non-Newtonian fluids subcritical instabilities are predicted. No supercritical equilibrium states are expected if the entire spectrum of disturbance wavelengths is present. Possible implications with respect to the Toms phenomenon are discussed.

Numeric Computation of the Radar Cross Section of In-flight Projectiles

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-01

SUBJECT TERMS computational electromagnetics , radar signature, ballistic trajectory, radar cross section, RCS 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17...under the generic category of rockets, artillery, and mortar (RAM). The electromagnetic (EM) modeling team at the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is...ARL-TR-5145. 5. Balanis C. Advanced engineering electromagnetics . New York (NY): Wiley; 1989. 6. Ruck G, Barrick DE, Stuart WD, Krichbaum CK

Howard University Symposium on Nonlinear Semigroups, Partial Differential Equations and Attractors (2nd) Held in Washington, D. C. on 3-7 August 1987.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-30

Optics" 9:15 - 10:00 a.m. Stuart Antman , University of Maryland "Asymptotics of Quasilinear Equations of Viscoelasticit 10:00 - 10:45 a.m. Jerome A... Antman 11. John Cannon Mathematics Department Dir of Math Science University of Maryland Office of Naval Research College Park, MD 20742 Arlington, VA

Demonstration of an Environmentally Benign and Reduced Corrosion Runway Deicing Fluid

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

ADDRESS(ES) Enviromental Security Technology Certification Program: 901 North Stuart Street, Suite 303, Arlington, Virginia 22203 10. SPONSOR...IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES Users may express concern because the Battelle-RDF is new and they may have reservations because of its potential damage to...several drivers for implementing a new , more environmentally friendly RDF. 1.3.1 Water Pollution Reduction The Clean Water Act (CWA) and its

Molecular Dynamics of Lipid Bilayers

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-09

34 ECZI~ NUMUER 01" O-USECNI’ONS) Vt5 DEGRLU: LOOEi-00(PICOSEC Z-ILIO Pfu .LC 2 I 2 Ni, I AlI I 1-.M U 1 l"M .111 p lPll..4 5~~~~ 93.U) i’(OU...Station Box 3944 Laramie, WY 82071 LINDSAY, Stuart M. RACKOVSKY, Shalom R. SINSKEY, Anthony J. Department of Physics Department of Biophysics

Animism Begins at Forty: Evidence that Animism and Other Naive Beliefs Are Established before the Onset of Old Age

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parry, Robert; Stuart-Hamilton, Ian

2010-01-01

Animism (erroneously believing inanimate objects are alive) is present in older adults (McDonald & Stuart-Hamilton, 2000). However, it is unclear if animism arises in later life or middle age. The current study tested 34 middle-aged adults (mean age 48 years) on Piaget's animism task and found a significant level of animism. Strength of…

Atrazine sorption by hydroxy-interlayered clays and their organic complexes.

PubMed

Indraratne, Srimathie P; Farenhorst, Annemieke; Goh, Tee Boon

2008-01-01

This study examined the sorption of atrazine by hydroxy-Fe interlayered montmorillonite (FeMt) and its hydroquinone (FeMtHQ), citrate (FeMtCt) and catechol (FeMtCC) complexes as well as by hydroxy-Al interlayered montmorillonite (AlMt) and its hydroquinone (AlMtHQ) and citrate (AlMtCt) complexes. Found among the clays were sorption distribution coefficients (K(d)) ranging from 24 to 123 mL g(-1) and maximum sorption (M) ranging from 2.2 to 16.8 microg g(-1). Both K(d) and M decreased in the order of FeMtCC > FeMtHQ > AlMtHQ > (AlMt = FeMt) > (AlMtCt = FeMtCt). The pH was negatively correlated with both K(d) (r = -0.90, p < 0.001) and M (r = -0.81, p < 0.001). When interlayered clays were associated with humified material (FeMtCC, FeMtHQ, AlMtHQ), both K(d) (r > 0.96, p < 0.01) and M (r > 0.94, p < 0.01) were highly positively correlated with total organic C and alkali-soluble C. However, clays with non-humified organic compounds (FeMtCt and AlMtCt) sorbed less atrazine than clays without any organic C (FeMt and AlMt). This suggests that functional groups of Fe-OH and Al-OH in FeMt and AlMt reduced the available sorption sites for atrazine by making complexes with citrate ions while forming FeMtCt and AlMtCt. The atrazine was sorbed through the hydrophobic interactions with organic compound surfaces as well as through H-bonding and ionic bonding with clay-mineral surfaces.

The MtDMI2-MtPUB2 Negative Feedback Loop Plays a Role in Nodulation Homeostasis1[OPEN

PubMed Central

Deng, Jie; Zhu, Fugui; Lu, Zheng

2018-01-01

DOES NOT MAKE INFECTION 2 (MtDMI2) is a Leu rich repeat-type receptor kinase required for signal transduction in the Medicago truncatula/Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis pathway. However, the mechanisms through which MtDMI2 participates in nodulation homeostasis are poorly understood. In this study, we identified MtPUB2—a novel plant U-box (PUB)–type E3 ligase—and showed that it interacts with MtDMI2. MtDMI2 and MtPUB2 accumulation were shown to be similar in various tissues. Roots of plants in which MtPUB2 was silenced by RNAi (MtPUB2-RNAi plants) exhibited impaired infection threads, fewer nodules, and shorter primary root lengths compared to those of control plants transformed with empty vector. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we showed that MtDMI2 phosphorylates MtPUB2 at Ser-316, Ser-421, and Thr-488 residues. When MtPUB2-RNAi plants were transformed with MtPUB2S421D, which mimics the phosphorylated state, MtDMI2 was persistently ubiquitinated and degraded by MtPUB2S421D, resulting in fewer nodules than observed in MtPUB2/MtPUB2-RNAi-complemented plants. However, MtPUB2S421A/MtPUB2-RNAi-complemented plants showed no MtPUB2 ubiquitination activity, and their nodulation phenotype was similar to that of MtPUB2-RNAi plants transformed with empty vector. Further studies demonstrated that these proteins form a negative feedback loop of the prey (MtDMI2)-predator (MtPUB2) type. Our results suggest that the MtDMI2-MtPUB2 negative feedback loop, which displays crosstalk with the long-distance autoregulation of nodulation via MtNIN, plays an important role in nodulation homeostasis. PMID:29440269

Low Birth Weight: A Descriptive Study of Risk Factors

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-01-07

abruption Dx on admit MT Placenta previa Yes Placenta previa Dx complete/partial MT Smoking Yes Tobacco use this pregnancy MT Heavy alcohol use Yes...Multiple Gestation MT Urinary tract infection MT *Anemia MT Fetal anomalies MT Abruptio placentae MT Placenta previa MT Smoking MT Alcohol use...categories: (a) problems with the placenta , (b) problems with the pregnant woman herself, (c) problems with the fetus itself, or (d) any

Regional Jurassic Submarine Arc-Apron Complex in the Northern Sierra Nevada, California

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Templeton, J. H.; Hanson, R. E.; Hargrove, U. S.; Ruff, K. L.

2005-05-01

The Tuttle Lake Formation (TLF), a distinctive unit forming part of the wall rocks to the Mesozoic Sierra Nevada batholith in northern California, is interpreted to have developed within a major island arc fringing the western margin of North America during the Jurassic. It extends for 75 km along strike, from mountainous terrain NW of Truckee to the Mt. Tallac pendant SW of Lake Tahoe. Superb glaciated exposures at various locations along strike provide a window into the proximal parts of a submarine Jurassic arc-apron complex. The TLF is >4 km thick and consists mainly of massively bedded, matrix-supported, polymict volcanic breccias containing poorly vesicular, subangular to angular basaltic to andesitic clasts up to 2 m in length. Characteristics of the polymict breccias indicate deposition from submarine debris flows derived from slumping of near-vent accumulations of lithic debris or sector collapse of parts of the volcanic edifice. Interbeds of finer grained andesitic and silicic turbidites and ash-fall tuffs occur sparsely within the debris-flow sequence, as do volumetrically minor pillow-hyaloclastite breccias, recording local extrusion of lavas on the seafloor. Coarse-grained TLF debris-flow deposits abruptly overlie the Early to Middle Jurassic Sailor Canyon Formation, which consists dominantly of andesitic volcanic sandstones and mudstones deposited from distal turbidity currents in a long-lived, deep marine basin. This marked lithologic change records rapid influx of coarse-grained volcanogenic detritus into the Sailor Canyon basin, related to a major shift in position of volcanic centers. Available data show that the TLF accumulated in a narrow time frame in the Middle Jurassic, just prior to regional tilting and batholith emplacement at ~165 Ma. Coeval basaltic to andesitic hypabyssal intrusions typically compose >15% of the exposed area of the TLF. They have identical major- and trace-element compositions and REE patterns to clasts within the host debris-flow sequence, and all analyses plot as a tight group in calc-alkaline, volcanic-arc fields on standard discrimination diagrams. The intrusions range from 3 km in length down to smaller pods and intrusive pillows a few meters across, many of which appear to be tubular feeder conduits in 3D. Marginal peperites indicate that intrusion occurred while the host sediments were still wet and unconsolidated. Abundant, isolated pockets of globular and blocky peperite are inferred to have been supplied by conduits extending from larger intrusions. Magma/sediment interaction was generally non-explosive, but steam explosions locally played a role in generating dispersed peperite. The overall characteristics of the TLF support a model in which coarse-grained volcaniclastic deposits accumulated rapidly in a proximal submarine setting around a major vent complex within the Middle Jurassic arc. Magma/wet-sediment interaction occurred over large areas within proximal parts of the arc apron, where uprising batches of magma were unable to penetrate the thick volcaniclastic sequence to undergo extrusion. Instead, an extensive network of hypabyssal intrusions and peperite formed at shallow levels beneath the sea floor. Complex hypabyssal networks of this type are probably common in submarine arc sequences, but detailed mapping is required to document their full extent and significance.

Molecular Dynamics Study of Crystalline Swelling of Montmorillonite as Affected by Interlayer Cation Hydration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Hongliang; Song, Shaoxian; Dong, Xianshu; Min, Fanfei; Zhao, Yunliang; Peng, Chenliang; Nahmad, Yuri

2018-04-01

Swelling of montmorillonite (Mt) is an important factor for many industrial applications. In this study, crystalline swelling of alkali-metal- and alkaline-earth-metal-Mt has been studied through energy optimization and molecular dynamics simulations using the clay force field by Materials Studio 8.0. The delamination and exfoliation of Mt are primarily realized by crystalline swelling caused by the enhanced interlayer cation hydration. The initial position of the interlayer cations and water molecules is the dominated factor for the accuracy of the Mt simulations. Crystalline swelling can be carried out in alkali-metal-Mt and Mg-Mt but with difficulty in Ca-Mt, Sr-Mt and Ba-Mt. The crystalline swelling capacity values are in the order Na-Mt > K-Mt > Cs-Mt > Mg-Mt. This order of crystalline swelling of Mt in the same group can be attributed to the differences between the interlayer cation hydration strengths. In addition, the differences in the crystalline swelling between the alkali-metal-Mt and alkaline-earth-metal-Mt can be primarily attributed to the valence of the interlayer cations.

Spectral Unmixing Applied to Desert Soils for the Detection of Sub-Pixel Disturbances

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

and Glazner, 1997). Rocks underlying Panum Crater consist of the granitic and metamorphic batholith associated with the Sierra Nevada. On top of this...of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE September...technology can be used to detect and characterize surface disturbance both literally (visually) and non-literally (analytically). Non-literal approaches

Geochemistry of granitoid rocks from the western Superior Province: Evidence for 2- and 3-stage crustal evolution models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beakhouse, G. P.; errane) are discussed.

1986-01-01

The Superior Province is divisible into subprovinces that can be classified as greenstone-tonalite, paragneiss, or batholitic terranes and are distinguished by differences in lithologic proportions, metamorphic grade, and structural style. The origin and significance of contrasting geochemical characteristics of plutonic rocks from the Winnipeg River subprovince (a batholithic terrane) and the Wabigoon subprovince (a greenstone-tonalite terrane) are discussed.

Magma interaction in the root of an arc batholith

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chapman, T.; Robbins, V.; Clarke, G. L.; Daczko, N. R.; Piazolo, S.

2016-12-01

Fiordland, New Zealand, preserves extensive Cretaceous arc plutons, emplaced into parts of the Delamerian/Ross Orogen. Dioritic to gabbroic material emplaced at mid to lower crustal levels are exposed in the Malaspina Pluton (c. 1.2 GPa) and the Breaksea Orthogneiss (c. 1.8 GPa). Distinct magmatic pulses can be mapped in both of these plutons consistent with cycles of melt advection. Relationships are consistent with predictions from lower crustal processing zones (MASH and hot zones) considered important in the formation of Cordilleran margins. Metamorphic garnet growth is enhanced along magmatic contacts, such as where hornblende gabbronorite is cut by garnet-clinopyroxene-bearing diorite. Such features are consistent with cycles of incremental emplacement, younger magma having induced localised garnet granulite metamorphism in wall rock of older material. Temperature estimates and microstructures preserved in garnet granulite are consistent with sub-solidus, water-poor conditions in both the Malaspina and Breaksea Orthogneiss. The extent and conditions of the metamorphism implies conditions and duration was incapable of partially melting older wall rock material. The nature of interactions in intermediate to basic compositions are assessed in terms of magma genesis in the Cretaceous batholith. Most of the upper crustal felsic I-type magmatism along the margin being controlled by high-pressure garnet-clinopyroxene fractionation.

Late Jurassic plutonism in the southwest U.S. Cordillera

USGS Publications Warehouse

Barth, A.P.; Wooden, J.L.; Howard, K.A.; Richards, J.L.

2008-01-01

Although plate reconstructions suggest that subduction was an approximately steady-state process from the mid-Mesozoic through the early Tertiary, recent precise geochronologic studies suggest highly episodic emplacement of voluminous continental-margin batholiths in the U.S. Cordillera. In central and southern California and western Arizona, major episodes of batholithic magmatism are known to have occurred in Permian-Triassic, Middle Jurassic, and late Early to Late Cretaceous time. However, recent studies of forearc-basin and continental-interior sediments suggest that Late Jurassic time was probably also a period of significant magmatism, although few dated plutons of this age have been recognized. We describe a belt of Late Jurassic plutonic and hypabyssal rocks at least 200 km in length that extends from the northwestern Mojave Desert through the Transverse Ranges. The belt lies outboard of both the voluminous Middle Jurassic arc and the ca. 148 Ma Independence dike swarm at these latitudes. The plutons include two intrusive suites emplaced between 157 and 149 Ma: a calc-alkaline suite compositionally unlike Permian-Triassic and Middle Jurassic mon-zonitic suites but similar to Late Cretaceous arc plutons emplaced across this region, and a contemporaneous but not comagmatic alkaline suite. The Late Jurassic was thus a time of both tectonic and magmatic transitions in the southern Cordillera. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.

U-Pb and Hf isotope analysis of detrital zircons from Mesozoic strata of the Gravina belt, southeast Alaska

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yokelson, Intan; Gehrels, George E.; Pecha, Mark; Giesler, Dominique; White, Chelsi; McClelland, William C.

2015-10-01

The Gravina belt consists of Upper Jurassic through Lower Cretaceous marine clastic strata and mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks that occur along the western flank of the Coast Mountains in southeast Alaska and coastal British Columbia. This report presents U-Pb ages and Hf isotope determinations of detrital zircons that have been recovered from samples collected from various stratigraphic levels and from along the length of the belt. The results support previous interpretations that strata in the western portion of the Gravina belt accumulated along the inboard margin of the Alexander-Wrangellia terrane and in a back-arc position with respect to the western Coast Mountains batholith. Our results are also consistent with previous suggestions that eastern strata accumulated along the western margin of the inboard Stikine, Yukon-Tanana, and Taku terranes and in a fore-arc position with respect to the eastern Coast Mountains batholith. The history of juxtaposition of western and eastern assemblages is obscured by subsequent plutonism, deformation, and metamorphism within the Coast Mountains orogen, but may have occurred along an Early Cretaceous sinistral transform system. Our results are inconsistent with models in which an east-facing subduction zone existed along the inboard margin of the Alexander-Wrangellia terrane during Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous time.

The Moral and Ethical Implications of Precision-Guided Munitions

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-06-01

given much less thought than the pure technological limitations, such as bandwidth requirements. 314 Jeremy Bentham described this tendency as... Jeremy Bentham , Utilitarianism and Other Essays, Alan Ryan ed. (London: Penguin Books, 1987), 33. 315 Cooper, 85. 316 For specific details of this...In Technology and the Air Force. Edited by Jacob Neufeld et al. Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1997. Mill, John Stuart and Jeremy

Building a Better Legacy: Contrasting the British and American Experiences in Iraq

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

U.S. finds itself constrained by distrust abroad and doubt and war weariness at home . It is indisputable that despite the tenuous success of the ...ability of the occupied to rule themselves. This philosophy and cultural imperialism derived from the schools of thought espoused by John Stuart Mills...14. 36 Ibid., 14. 14 early Mesopotamian empires generated numerous cultural , scientific and literary contributions. The institutions and

Flexural Plate Wave Devices for Chemical Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-16

Naval Research Laboratory Washi..gton. DC 20375-5000 NRL Memorandum Report 6815 AD-A234 129 Flexural Plate Wave Devices for Chemical Analysis JAY W...4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE S. FUNDING NUMBERS Flexural Plate Wave Devices for Chemical Analysis 6. AUTHOR(S) 61-1638-01 Jay W. Grate. Stuart W. Wenzel... ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION Flexural plate wave (FPW) devices offer many attractive features for chemical analysis (1-9). As gravimetric sensors for chemical

Using "Blueprint Photography by the Cyanotype Process"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Editorial Staff, Jce

2008-05-01

Do you want to try the cyanotype process with your students? That's easy to do! Start with JCE Classroom Activity #19, "Blueprint Photography by the Cyanotype Process", by Glen D. Lawrence and Stuart Fishelson ( JCE , 1999 , 76 , 1216A-1216B ). In this ready-to-use activity, students create their own cyanotype paper and use it to make blueprint photographs in the sunlight. It's a great way to connect chemistry with art.

Studies in Intelligence. Volume 55, Number 3

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-01

hearing, Director of National Intelligence (DNI) James R. Clapper noted the need for a single repository of terrorism- related data as a foundation...A CIA Memoir by Stuart Methven The Making And Breaking Of An American Spy, by James Everett Intelligence Abroad Ashraf Marwan, Israel’s Most Valuable...Bureau cases. He includes bio - graphical details about special agents and illu- minates the often frustrating bureaucratic culture in which they

Decision Making: An Imperative for Language Learning; Highlights of the Annual Language Arts Conference of Memphis State University (7th, Memphis, June 12-14, 1974).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rakes, Thomas A., Ed.; Brotherton, Sophia, Ed.

This document presents nine papers which were originally prepared for the 1974 Annual Language Arts Conference at Memphis State University. Included are: "Proxemics" by Dale F. Baltus; "Reading and Study Skill Hints for Intermediate and Secondary Teachers" by Stuart W. Bray; "A Reading Game License" by Flora C. Fowler; "Teach Kids to Think" by…

Lift Performance Indicator System Feasibility Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-07-01

this deficiency may have led to incorrect conclusions regarding test results; 3 Stuart L. Varner, Design Analysis of Integral Weight and Balance...May 1974, AD 780565. 16 .. ■ radioactive Isotopes . Density of the local atmosphere is sensed in terms of backscatter (in one...operator’s manuals for those aircraft, the pilot is advised to fill out the data card (i.e., a local reproduction of It) in the course of his analysis

Relationships of Hardiness to Physical and Mental Health Status in Military Men: A Test of Mediated Effects

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

physiological changes. Acute autonomic nervous system changes, for example, include innervation of the heart, blood vessels, and adrenal glands by...Fardella, C. E., & Kalergis, A. M. (2011). Aldosterone as a modulator of immunity: Implications in the organ damage. Journal of Hypertension... aldosterone on cardiometabolic syndrome. International Journal of Hyperten- sion, 685238, 1–8. Stuart-Hamilton, I. (2007). Dictionary of psychological

The Importance of Supporting Inferences with Evidence: Learning Lessons from Huffman (2014) in the Hope of Providing Stronger Evidence for Extensive Reading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLean, Stuart

2016-01-01

Stuart McLean refers in this commentary to Jeffrey Huffman's article "Reading Rate Gains during a One-Semester Extensive Reading Course" (v26 n2 p17-33 Oct 2014) [See: EJ1044344], in which Huffman reports that extensive reading (ER) was an effective way to provide large amounts of comprehensible input to foreign language learners, but…

Civil Wars in Britain, 1640-1646 Military Revolution on Campaign

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-01-01

revolution thesis. In the 1980s David Parrott argued that the tactical reforms described by Roberts were in practice nearly irrelevant to the battles...Social Order: Reading and Writing in Tudor and Stuart England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980 ), passim. 8A royal license was obtained by...Finlayson, Clement Little and His Library: The Origins of Edinburgh University Library (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University, 1980 ). 10Jean R. Guild and

Lansdale, Magsaysay, America and the Philippines: A Case Study of Limited Intervention Counterinsurgency

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-14

assess the implications of empathy within the context of this case study, and because this is not a paper on leadership theory , a working definition...5Jaepil Choi, “A Motivational Theory of Charismatic Leadership: Envisioning, Empathy, and Empowerment,” Journal...by Charles Stuart Kennedy (June 1989), ADST/CRS. 101Central Intelligence Agency, The Current Situation in the Philippines, 30 March 1949, CIA

The Effects of a Customer Service Initiative at Moncrief Army Community Hospital

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-04-06

Vroom (1964) in job satisfaction , Linder-Pelz argued that expectancy (i.e., the evaluation of object attributes) was determined by the relationship...Sf. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADORESS(ES) MONCRIEF ARMY COMMUNITY HOSPITAL 4 500 STUART STREET FORT JACKSON, SC 29207...8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) US ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT CENTER AND SCHOOL

John Stuart Mill on the liberty of the mentally ill: a historical note.

PubMed

Monahan, J

1977-12-01

The author discusses the quote from Mill's On Liberty that is often cited by libertarians in opposition to involuntary commitment of the mentally ill. This quote has been taken out of context; other statements in the document indicate that Mill excluded from his libertarian credo those "without the ordinary amount of understanding," i.e., those people who would now be considered mentally ill.

The origins of the birth control movement in England in the early nineteenth century.

PubMed

Langer, W L

1975-01-01

The origins of the birth control movement in England in the 19th cen tury are discussed. The impact of Malthus's "Essay on the Principle of Population" and the activities of such thinkers and reformers as Jermy Bentham, James and John Stuart Mill, Francis Plance, Richard Carlile, Robert Dale Owen, and Charles Knowlton are discussed. The social debate that arose during the century is discussed.

Exploiting Tribal Networks through Conflict

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

as this are compatible and can co-exist. As John Stuart Mill noted nearly a century and a half ago: The early difficulties in the way of...Ibid., p. 165. 9 J. Mill . Utilitarianism (1861) as appeared in extract titled Happiness as the Foundation of Morality. 6 Pashtun tribesmen...told he was a Mahsud first and a Muslim afterwards.”75 Moreover, as former British political officers like John Nicholson and George Lumdsen

Students Speak with the ISS

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-11-15

Students from D.C.'s Stuart-Hobson Middle School participate in a live video downlink with astronauts aboard the International Space Station at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012 in Washington. The downlink is an annual event held in honor of International Education Week, and was co-hosted with the Department of Education and the National Center for Earth and Space Science Education (NCESSE). Photo Credit: (NASA/Carla Cioffi)

META II Complexity and Adaptability

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-01

NUMBER 62303E 6. AUTHOR( S ) Douglas Stuart and Raju Mattikalli 5d. PROJECT NUMBER DM30 5e. TASK NUMBER 01 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER DM300104 7...PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION The Boeing Company Boeing Research and Technology P.O. Box 516 St...Louis, MO 63166-0516 REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING Air Force Research

Chimeralike states in two distinct groups of identical populations of coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Premalatha, K.; Chandrasekar, V. K.; Senthilvelan, M.; Lakshmanan, M.

2017-02-01

We show the existence of chimeralike states in two distinct groups of identical populations of globally coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators. The existence of chimeralike states occurs only for a small range of frequency difference between the two populations, and these states disappear for an increase of mismatch between the frequencies. Here the chimeralike states are characterized by the synchronized oscillations in one population and desynchronized oscillations in another population. We also find that such states observed in two distinct groups of identical populations of nonlocally coupled oscillators are different from the above case in which coexisting domains of synchronized and desynchronized oscillations are observed in one population and the second population exhibits synchronized oscillations for spatially prepared initial conditions. Perturbation from such spatially prepared initial condition leads to the existence of imperfectly synchronized states. An imperfectly synchronized state represents the existence of solitary oscillators which escape from the synchronized group in population I and synchronized oscillations in population II. Also the existence of chimera state is independent of the increase of frequency mismatch between the populations. We also find the coexistence of different dynamical states with respect to different initial conditions, which causes multistability in the globally coupled system. In the case of nonlocal coupling, the system does not show multistability except in the cluster state region.

Medical Entomology Studies - X. A Revision of the Subgenus Pseudoficalbia of the Genus Uranotaenia in Southeast Asia (Diptera: Culicidae) (Contributions of the American Entomological Institute. Volume 14, Number 3)

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-01-01

rindo, Mt. Goza, Shirahama, Sonai , Yashigawa, Uehara. Ishigaki Island: Arakawa, Kabira, Mt. Banna, Mt. Maeshi, Yarabu, Yoshiwara. Bohart (1959...Mt. Goza, Shirahama, Sonai , Uehara. Ishiga ki Island: Arakawa, Mt. Banna, Mt. Kawara, Mt. Maeshi, Mt. Omoto, Yarabu Peninsula, Yoshiwara. Bohart

2. BUILDING MT76A AND MT76B FROM STREET, BUILDING MT76A IN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

2. BUILDING MT-76-A AND MT-76-B FROM STREET, BUILDING MT-76-A IN FOREGROUND - Fort Keogh, Livestock & Range Research Station, 3 miles west of Miles City on U.S. Highway 10, Miles City, Custer County, MT

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) influences the gene expression of metallothioneins in human glioblastoma cells.

PubMed

Falnoga, Ingrid; Zelenik Pevec, Andreja; Šlejkovec, Zdenka; Žnidarič, Magda Tušek; Zajc, Irena; Mlakar, Simona Jurković; Marc, Janja

2012-12-01

Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3); ATO, TRISENOX®) is used to treat patients with refractory or relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia while its application for treatment of solid cancers like glioblastoma is still under evaluation. In the present study, we investigated the interaction of arsenic trioxide with metallothionein (MT) isoforms as a possible (protective response) resistance of glioblastoma cells to arsenic-induced cytotoxicity. Special attention was focused on MT3, the isoform expressed mainly in the brain. MT3 has low metal inducibility, fast metal binding/releasing properties and outstanding neuronal inhibitory activity. The human astrocytoma (glioblastoma) cell line U87 MG was treated with 0.6, 2 and 6-7 μM arsenic (equivalent to 0.3, 1 and 3-3.5 μM As(2)O(3)) for 12, 24 or 48 h and gene expression for different MT isoforms, namely MT2A, MT1A, MT1F, MT1X, MT1E and MT3, was measured by real time qPCR using SYBR Green I and Taqman® gene expression assays. TfR, 18S rRNA, GAPDH and AB were tested as reference genes, and the last two evaluated to be appropriate in conditions of low (GAPDH) and high (AB) arsenic exposure. The gene expression of MT3 gene was additionally tested and confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis with PvuII. In the given conditions the mRNAs of six MT isoforms were identified in human glioblastoma cell line U87 MG. Depending on arsenic exposure conditions, an increase or decrease of MT gene expression was observed for each isoform, with the highest increase for isoforms MT1X, MT1F and MT2A mRNA (up to 13-fold) and more persistent decreases for MT1A, MT1E and MT3 mRNA. Despite the common assumption of the noninducibility of MT3, the evident MT3 mRNA increase was observed during high As exposure (up to 4-fold). In conclusion, our results clearly demonstrate the influence of As on MT isoform gene expression. The MT1X, MT1F and MT2A increase could represent brain tumour acquired resistance to As cytotoxicity while the MT3 increase is more enigmatic, with its possible involvement in arsenic-related induction of type II cell death.

Sulfur concentration and isotopic variation in apatites from granitic to granodioritic plutons of a Cretaceous Cordilleran Batholith

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Economos, R. C.

2012-12-01

Apatite is a common igneous accessory mineral with a high saturation temperature which can therefore crystallize over a significant portion of magmatic compositional space. Sulfur presents an opportunity to identify zoning in apatites. Unlike other trace elements, sulfur is relatively immobile in the apatite crystal structure and can be present in typical concentrations up to 1500 - 2000 ppm (or 0.5 to 1 wt% SO3). Sulfur concentration zoning in igneous apatites from ore producing magmatic systems has been identified (Streck and Dilles, 1998), but the interpretation of the cause of this zoning remains an open question. δ34S isotopic ratios of whole apatites have been used to track isotopic evolution associated with changes in magma fO2 and eruptive degassing (Rye, 2005). The presented work combines sulfur concentration mapping in zoned apatite crystals with in-situ SIMS 34S and 32S isotope measurements. Apatites were extracted from granite to granodiorite samples from the Cadiz Valley Batholith in the central Mojave Desert. This batholith is related to the pulse of Cretaceous Cordilleran magmatism that generated large batholiths in the Sierra Nevada and the Penninsular Ranges. The Mojave segment of the Cretaceous arc is unique in their construction into a full thickness of continental crust which exerted a strong influence on magmatic compositions. Apatite grains were mounted parallel to C axes, ground until grains were approximately bisected, and analyzed by Electron Microprobe at UCLA, for CaO, P2O5, SO3 and SiO2. Grains were surveyed and those yielding anomalous SO3 contents were investigated by micron-scale concentration mapping. Typical SO3 concentrations of apatites from all samples were ~0.2 wt%, while 8 to 10% of apatite grains from two samples contained cores with concentrations ranging up to 0.5 wt%. The sulfur zoning in these samples is oscillatory, in some grains representing 5 to 6 repetitions of high and low concentrations. Based on these textures, our initial interpretation is that this zoning is magmatic. Ratios of 32S to 34S in these grains were analyzed by Secondary Ionization Mass Spectrometry at UCLA in multi-collector mode utilizing a Cs+ primary ion beam and two electron multiplier ion counters. Although absolute δ34S values cannot be calculated without further standard, samples were analyzed relative to demonstrably isotopically homogeneous fragments of Durango apatite. Zoned apatite cores displayed δ34S variation well outside of analytical uncertainty. Analytical errors on individual isotopic measurements were ± 1.5‰ and reproducibility on standard grains through the analytical session was ± 0.5‰. Grains mounted parallel and perpendicular to the C axis displayed no discernible isotopic fractionation. Cores with high S concentrations displayed isotopic enrichment in 34S up to 11‰ relative to rims and core-free grains. Concentration variations may track trajectories of S solubility in evolving magmas (Ducea et al., 1994). Meanwhile heavier S isotopic ratios may suggest either dynamic crystallization/resorption behavior of S bearing species or an oxidizing environment for these earliest crystallizing apatites.

Contrasting expression of membrane metalloproteinases, MT1-MMP and MT3-MMP, suggests distinct functions in skeletal development.

PubMed

Yang, Maozhou; Zhang, Bingbing; Zhang, Liang; Gibson, Gary

2008-07-01

Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is the most ubiquitous and widely studied of the membrane-type metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs). It was thus surprising to find no published data on chicken MT1-MMP. We report here the characterization of the chicken gene. Its low sequence identity with the MT1-MMP genes of other species, high GC content, and divergent catalytic domain explains the absence of data and our difficulties in characterizing the gene. The absence of structural features in the chicken gene that have been suggested to be critical for the activation of MMP-2 by MT1-MMP; for the effect of MT1-MMP on cell migration and for the recycling of MT1-MMP suggest these features are either not essential or that MT1-MMP does not perform these functions in chickens. Comparison of the expression of chicken MT1-MMP with MT3-MMP and with MMP-2 and MMP-13 has confirmed the previously recognized co-expression of MT1-MMP with MMP-2 and MMP-13 in fibrous and vascular tissues, particularly those surrounding the developing long bones in other species. By contrast, MT3-MMP expression differs markedly from that of MT1-MMP and of both MMP-2 and MMP-13. MT3-MMP is expressed by chondrocytes of the developing articular surface. Similar expression patterns of this group of MT-MMPs and MMPs have been observed in mouse embryos and suggest distinct and specific functions for MT1-MMP and MT3-MMP in skeletal development.

Cytoplasmic transfer of heritable elements other than mtDNA from SAMP1 mice into mouse tumor cells suppresses their ability to form tumors in C57BL6 mice.

PubMed

Shimizu, Akinori; Tani, Haruna; Takibuchi, Gaku; Ishikawa, Kaori; Sakurazawa, Ryota; Inoue, Takafumi; Hashimoto, Tetsuo; Nakada, Kazuto; Takenaga, Keizo; Hayashi, Jun-Ichi

2017-11-04

In a previous study, we generated transmitochondrial P29mtSAMP1 cybrids, which had nuclear DNA from the C57BL6 (referred to as B6) mouse strain-derived P29 tumor cells and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exogenously-transferred from the allogeneic strain SAMP1. Because P29mtSAMP1 cybrids did not form tumors in syngeneic B6 mice, we proposed that allogeneic SAMP1 mtDNA suppressed tumor formation of P29mtSAMP1 cybrids. To test this hypothesis, current study generated P29mt(sp)B6 cybrids carrying all genomes (nuclear DNA and mtDNA) from syngeneic B6 mice by eliminating SAMP1 mtDNA from P29mtSAMP1 cybrids and reintroducing B6 mtDNA. However, the P29mt(sp)B6 cybrids did not form tumors in B6 mice, even though they had no SAMP1 mtDNA, suggesting that SAMP1 mtDNA is not involved in tumor suppression. Then, we examined another possibility of whether SAMP1 mtDNA fragments potentially integrated into the nuclear DNA of P29mtSAMP1 cybrids are responsible for tumor suppression. We generated P29 H (sp)B6 cybrids by eliminating nuclear DNA from P29mt(sp)B6 cybrids and reintroducing nuclear DNA with no integrated SAMP1 mtDNA fragment from mtDNA-less P29 cells resistant to hygromycin in selection medium containing hygromycin. However, the P29 H (sp)B6 cybrids did not form tumors in B6 mice, even though they carried neither SAMP1 mtDNA nor nuclear DNA with integrated SAMP1 mtDNA fragments. Moreover, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bacterial infection were not involved in tumor suppression. These observations suggest that tumor suppression was caused not by mtDNA with polymorphic mutations or infection of cytozoic bacteria but by hypothetical heritable cytoplasmic elements other than mtDNA from SAMP1 mice. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Examining the specific contributions of individual Arabidopsis metallothioneins to copper distribution and metal tolerance.

PubMed

Guo, Woei-Jiun; Meetam, Metha; Goldsbrough, Peter B

2008-04-01

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small cysteine-rich proteins found in various eukaryotes. Plant MTs are classified into four types based on the arrangement of cysteine residues. To determine whether all four types of plant MTs function as metal chelators, six Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) MTs (MT1a, MT2a, MT2b, MT3, MT4a, and MT4b) were expressed in the copper (Cu)- and zinc (Zn)-sensitive yeast mutants, Deltacup1 and Deltazrc1 Deltacot1, respectively. All four types of Arabidopsis MTs provided similar levels of Cu tolerance and accumulation to the Deltacup1 mutant. The type-4 MTs (MT4a and MT4b) conferred greater Zn tolerance and higher accumulation of Zn than other MTs to the Deltazrc1 Deltacot1 mutant. To examine the functions of MTs in plants, we studied Arabidopsis plants that lack MT1a and MT2b, two MTs that are expressed in phloem. The lack of MT1a, but not MT2b, led to a 30% decrease in Cu accumulation in roots of plants exposed to 30 mum CuSO(4). Ectopic expression of MT1a RNA in the mt1a-2 mt2b-1 mutant restored Cu accumulation in roots. The mt1a-2 mt2b-1 mutant had normal metal tolerance. However, when MT deficiency was combined with phytochelatin deficiency, growth of the mt1a-2 mt2b-1 cad1-3 triple mutant was more sensitive to Cu and cadmium compared to the cad1-3 mutant. Together these results provide direct evidence for functional contributions of MTs to plant metal homeostasis. MT1a, in particular, plays a role in Cu homeostasis in the roots under elevated Cu. Moreover, MTs and phytochelatins function cooperatively to protect plants from Cu and cadmium toxicity.

Dedicated Pediatricians in Emergency Department: Shorter Waiting Times and Lower Costs

PubMed Central

Melo, Manuel Rocha; Ferreira-Magalhães, Manuel; Flor-Lima, Filipa; Rodrigues, Mariana; Severo, Milton; Almeida-Santos, Luis; Caldas-Afonso, Alberto; Barros, Pedro Pita; Ferreira, António

2016-01-01

Background Dedicated pediatricians in emergency departments (EDs) may be beneficial, though no previous studies have assessed the related costs and benefits/harms. We aimed to evaluate the net benefits and costs of dedicated emergency pediatricians in a pediatric ED. Methods Cost-consequences analysis of visits to a pediatric ED of a tertiary hospital. Two pediatric ED Medical Teams (MT) were compared: MT-A (May–September 2012), with general pediatrics physicians only; and MT-B (May–September 2013), with emergency dedicated pediatricians. The main outcomes analyzed were relevant clinical outcomes, patient throughput time and costs. Results We included 8,694 children in MT-A and 9,417 in MT-B. Medication use in the ED increased from 42.3% of the children in MT-A to 49.6% in MT-B; diagnostic tests decreased from 24.2% in MT-A to 14.3% in MT-B. Hospitalization increased from 1.3% in MT-A to 3.0% in MT-B; however, there was no significant difference in diagnosis-related group relative weight of hospitalized children in MT-A and MT-B (MT-A, 0.979; MT-B, 1.075). No differences were observed in ED readmissions or in patients leaving without being seen by a physician. The patient throughput time was significantly shorter in MT-B, with faster times to first medical observation. Within the cost domains analyzed, the total expenditures per children observed in the ED were 16% lower in MT-B: 37.87 euros in MT-A; 31.97 euros in MT-B. Conclusion The presence of dedicated emergency pediatricians in a pediatric ED was associated with significantly lower waiting times in the ED, reduced costs, and similar clinical outcomes. PMID:27564093

75 FR 43556 - TA-W-73,381, MT Rail Link, Inc., Missoula, MT; TA-W-73,381A, Billings, MT; TA-W-73,381B, Laurel...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-26

... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Employment and Training Administration TA-W-73,381, MT Rail Link, Inc., Missoula, MT; TA-W-73,381A, Billings, MT; TA-W-73,381B, Laurel, MT; TA-W-73,381C, Livingston, MT; TA-W-73... Helena, Montana. The amended notice applicable to TA-W-73,381 is hereby issued as follows: All workers of...

Remote Control by Inter-Enzyme Allostery: A Novel Paradigm for Regulation of the Shikimate Pathway.

PubMed

Munack, Steffi; Roderer, Kathrin; Ökvist, Mats; Kamarauskaite, Jurate; Sasso, Severin; van Eerde, André; Kast, Peter; Krengel, Ute

2016-03-27

DAHP synthase and chorismate mutase catalyze key steps in the shikimate biosynthetic pathway en route to aromatic amino acids. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, chorismate mutase (MtCM; Rv0948c), located at the branch point toward phenylalanine and tyrosine, has poor activity on its own. However, it is efficiently activated by the first enzyme of the pathway, DAHP synthase (MtDS; Rv2178c), through formation of a non-covalent MtCM-MtDS complex. Here, we show how MtDS serves as an allosteric platform for feedback regulation of both enzymes, using X-ray crystallography, small-angle X-ray scattering, size-exclusion chromatography, and multi-angle light scattering. Crystal structures of the fully inhibited MtDS and the allosterically down-regulated MtCM-MtDS complex, solved at 2.8 and 2.7Å, respectively, reveal how effector binding at the internal MtDS subunit interfaces regulates the activity of MtDS and MtCM. While binding of all three metabolic end products to MtDS shuts down the entire pathway, the binding of phenylalanine jointly with tyrosine releases MtCM from the MtCM-MtDS complex, hence suppressing MtCM activation by 'inter-enzyme allostery'. This elegant regulatory principle, invoking a transient allosteric enzyme interaction, seems to be driven by dynamics and is likely a general strategy used by nature. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

mtDNAmanager: a Web-based tool for the management and quality analysis of mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences

PubMed Central

Lee, Hwan Young; Song, Injee; Ha, Eunho; Cho, Sung-Bae; Yang, Woo Ick; Shin, Kyoung-Jin

2008-01-01

Background For the past few years, scientific controversy has surrounded the large number of errors in forensic and literature mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data. However, recent research has shown that using mtDNA phylogeny and referring to known mtDNA haplotypes can be useful for checking the quality of sequence data. Results We developed a Web-based bioinformatics resource "mtDNAmanager" that offers a convenient interface supporting the management and quality analysis of mtDNA sequence data. The mtDNAmanager performs computations on mtDNA control-region sequences to estimate the most-probable mtDNA haplogroups and retrieves similar sequences from a selected database. By the phased designation of the most-probable haplogroups (both expected and estimated haplogroups), mtDNAmanager enables users to systematically detect errors whilst allowing for confirmation of the presence of clear key diagnostic mutations and accompanying mutations. The query tools of mtDNAmanager also facilitate database screening with two options of "match" and "include the queried nucleotide polymorphism". In addition, mtDNAmanager provides Web interfaces for users to manage and analyse their own data in batch mode. Conclusion The mtDNAmanager will provide systematic routines for mtDNA sequence data management and analysis via easily accessible Web interfaces, and thus should be very useful for population, medical and forensic studies that employ mtDNA analysis. mtDNAmanager can be accessed at . PMID:19014619

Launch of the Apollo 14 lunar landing mission

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-01-31

S71-18395 (31 Jan. 1971) --- The huge, 363-feet tall Apollo 14 (Spacecraft 110/Lunar Module 8/Saturn 509) space vehicle is launched from Pad A, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida at 4:03:02 p.m. (EST), Jan. 31, 1971, on a lunar landing mission. Aboard the Apollo 14 spacecraft were astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot; and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot.

Launch - Apollo 14 Lunar Landing Mission - KSC

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-01-31

S71-17621 (31 Jan. 1971) --- The huge, 363-feet tall Apollo 14 (Spacecraft 110/Lunar Module 8/Saturn 509) space vehicle is launched from Pad A, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida, at 4:03:02 p.m. (EST), Jan. 31, 1981, on a lunar landing mission. Aboard the Apollo 14 spacecraft were astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot; and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot.

75 FR 19999 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease COC72479

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-16

...: Under the provisions of 30 U.S.C. 188(d) and (e), and 43 CFR 3108.2-3(a) and (b)(1), the Bureau of Land... section 31(d) and (e) of the Mineral Lands Leasing Act of 1920 (30 U.S.C. 188), and the BLM is proposing... the lease and the increased rental and royalty rates cited above. Stuart Cox, Acting State Director...

Extension of the Genetic Algorithm Based Malware Strategy Evolution Forecasting Model for Botnet Strategy Evolution Modeling

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-01

CHEN, Yan; PAXSON, Vern (2009). Automating Analysis of Large- Scale Botnet Probing Events. ASIACCS 󈧍: Proceedings of the 4th International...2004). Email Virus Propagation Modeling and Analysis. Technical report TRCSE- 03-04. – University of Massachussets, 2004. [37] RAMACHANDRAN, Krishna ...20, 8 pp. [38] STANIFORD, Stuart; PAXSON, Vern ; WEAVER, Nicholas (2002). How to 0wn the Internet in Your Spare Time. Proceedings of the 11 th

Dimensions of Managing Academic Affairs in the Community College. New Directions for Community Colleges, Number 109. The Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robillard, Douglas, Jr., Ed.

2000-01-01

This volume of New Directions for Community Colleges contains the following articles: (1) "Toward a Definition of Deaning," by Douglas Robillard, Jr.; (2) "The Dean as Chief Academic Officer," by John Stuart Erwin; (3) "The Dean and the Faculty," by Hans A. Andrews; (4) "The Dean and the President," by Hans J. Kuss; (5) "Aspects of Difficult…

Is it economical to manage jointly for wood and carbon under the Climate Action Reserve Protocol? In: Standiford, Richard B.; Weller, Theodore J.; Piirto, Douglas D.; Stuart, John D., tech

Treesearch

Richard P. Thompson; Steve R. Auten

2012-01-01

To quantify the benefits and costs of modifying forest management for additional climate benefits, Cal Poly's Swanton Pacific demonstration forest was used to test the Climate Action Reserve's protocol and identify management strategies for both wood and carbon markets. Residing in the Southern Sub-district with its clearcutting restrictions, Swanton offers...

Photocopy of photograph. Photographer unknown. Typical suggestion award photograph from ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of photograph. Photographer unknown. Typical suggestion award photograph from the World War II period. Useful suggestions were awarded a $ 50 bond and usually a photo in the shipyard newspaper, the beacon. This photo shows an improved bilge block template layout table left to right: Stuart S. Sanders, Rosalie Moschella, Eddie Ormond, Lt. CDR. J.M. Ballinger, and A.A. Goldman. - Naval Base Philadelphia-Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, League Island, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

Apollo Command/Service Modules photographed against black sky

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-02-04

AS14-66-9344 (February 1971) --- The Apollo Command and Service Modules (CSM) are photographed against a black sky background from the Lunar Module (LM) above the moon. While astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander, and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot, descended in the LM "Antares" to explore the Fra Mauro region of the moon, astronaut Stuart A. Roosa , command module pilot, remained with the CSM "Kitty Hawk" in lunar orbit.

Acoustic Propagation and Barrier Diffraction Over an Impedance Plane.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-13

Further appreciation is extended to Dr. Eugen"J. Skudrzyk, Dr. Jiri Tichy, Dr. Alan D. Stuart, and Dr. Vernon H. Neubert for actively participating on my...10 More recent theoretical studies have expanded upon the foundations laid by Rudnick, Lawhead, and Ingard. Paul (1957) studied the two-media problem...series for functions occurring in the theory of diffraction of waves by wedges. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 1956, 34, 245-255. Paul , D. I

Submicron Structures and Various Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-01

Replication in PMMA of a 30 nm-wide gold focused-ion-beam lithography alone. We are absorber line with (a) CK (A = 4.5 nm), ( b ) developing a new generation of...into soft x-ray spectroscopy and atom beam contact with the substrate b electrostatic interferometry, and to fabricate new classes means. A variety of...Professor Dimitri A. Antonaidis, Stuart B . Field, drain resistances and gate-source overlaps. Professor Marc A. Kastner, Udi Meirav, Samuel L. This will

Targeting the Ron-Dek Signaling Axis in Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

myeloid cells exacerbate LPS-induced acute lung injury in the murine lung. Innate immunity. 2011; 17:499–507. 25. Stuart WD, Kulkarni RM, Gray JK...activation in human and murine breast cancer cell lines induces the accumulation of Dek protein. This accumulation of Dek is significant as Dek...overexpression in breast cancer cell lines leads to increases in cell growth and migration while Dek depletion in breast cancer cells leads to dramatic

Targeting the Ron-Dek Signaling Axis in Breast Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

deficient alveolar myeloid cells exacerbate LPS-induced acute lung injury in the murine lung. Innate immunity. 2011; 17:499–507. 25. Stuart WD, Kulkarni...induced Ron activation in human and murine breast cancer cell lines induces the accumulation of Dek protein. This accumulation of Dek is significant as...Dek overexpression in breast cancer cell lines leads to increases in cell growth and migration while Dek depletion in breast cancer cells leads to

Effect of Wool Components in Pile Fabrics on Water Vapor Sorption, Heat Release, and Humidity Buffering

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-05-01

composition and location of the wool fibers. The fibers consisted of polyester, wool, and polylactic acid (PLA). PLA is a biodegradable , thermoplastic ...5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER...Hygroscopic Porous Polymer Materials,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 64 (3), pp. 493-505, 1997. 8. Stuart, I., Schneider, A., Turner, T

Resolving Ethical Challenges in an Era of Persistent Conflict

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

pleasure. For John Stuart Mill , it was hap- piness. Others consider it interest or well-being. In the context of 36 Just War thinking, the good is...war. THE PROFESSIONAL MILITARY ETHIC: BALANCING RISK Accomplishing the Mission. Military ethics begins with the utilitarian im- perative to...avoid defeat are not just permissible, they are obliga- tory. Additionally, it is a feature of any utilitarian ethic that the greater the good, the

The Limits of Moral Principle: An Ends, Means, and Role Spheres Model of the Ethical Threshold.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-01

Stuart Mill (1806-1873) and Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) are readily identified with utilitarianism , while Plato, Aris- totle, Immanual Kant (1724-1804), and...Pennsylvania: Chandler Publishing Company, 1970. 11. Mill , John Stewart. Utilitarianism . Edited by Oskar Piest. New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1957. 12. Muller... John Locke (1632-1704) are identified with formalism (1:365). Utilitarian thought can be further broken down into such categories as act

Delay-induced patterns in a two-dimensional lattice of coupled oscillators

PubMed Central

Kantner, Markus; Schöll, Eckehard; Yanchuk, Serhiy

2015-01-01

We show how a variety of stable spatio-temporal periodic patterns can be created in 2D-lattices of coupled oscillators with non-homogeneous coupling delays. The results are illustrated using the FitzHugh-Nagumo coupled neurons as well as coupled limit cycle (Stuart-Landau) oscillators. A “hybrid dispersion relation” is introduced, which describes the stability of the patterns in spatially extended systems with large time-delay. PMID:25687789

Children's Right to Play: An Examination of the Importance of Play in the Lives of Children Worldwide. Working Papers in Early Childhood Development, No. 57

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lester, Stuart; Russell, Wendy

2010-01-01

In this working paper, Wendy Russell and Stuart Lester of the UK's University of Gloucestershire discuss why play is fundamental to the health and well-being of children. They argue that both state signatories to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Article 31 of which enshrines the right to play) and adults generally should…

Structural Causes and Cyber Effects: Why International Order is Inevitable in Cyberspace

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

of Advanced Air and Space Studies (SAASS), Maxwell AFB, Alabama. He earned his PhD at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University...Institute (AFRI),Strategic Studies Quarterly (SSQ),155 N. Twining Street, Maxwell AFB,AL,36112 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING...one. See Stuart J . Kaufman, Richard Little, and William C. Wohlforth, eds., The Balance of Power in World History (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007

At the Fulcrum of Air Force Identity: Balancing the Internal and External Pressures of Image and Culture

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

identity has a long and storied tradition in psychological research, it was not until 1985 that Stuart Albert and David Whetten published their...Conflicts; and, Field Theory in Social Science, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1997). 10 John P. Meyer, Jean M. Bartunek, and...occurs between identity and culture, highlighting the psychological importance for organizations to believe that they are a reflection of the things that

MAP Estimators for Piecewise Continuous Inversion

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-08

MAP estimators for piecewise continuous inversion M M Dunlop1 and A M Stuart Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK E...Published 8 August 2016 Abstract We study the inverse problem of estimating a field ua from data comprising a finite set of nonlinear functionals of ua...then natural to study maximum a posterior (MAP) estimators. Recently (Dashti et al 2013 Inverse Problems 29 095017) it has been shown that MAP

Merced County Streams Project, Burns Reservoir, California Intensive Cultural Resources Survey.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

Larry McKee, and Melinda Peak; and to the technicians: Barry Boyer, Herb Dallas, Hannah Gibbs, Stuart Guedon, Sherri Gust, Les Harville, Paul...Subsistence was based on the acorn and supplemented by gathering of seeds, berries, greens, nuts, and edible roots. Fish, game, and small mammals...the continent to witness. Large troops of wild horses, many deer, antelope, and coyotes were-constantly on view (Keyes 1884:234). The horses had been

Generating Textures for Arbitrary Surfaces Using Reaction-Diffusion

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

Review and Classification," Computer Aided Design, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 27-38 (January/February 1988). [ Hubel and Wiesel 79] Hubel , David H. and...columns found in mammals [ Hubel and Wiesel 791. Complex Patterns This section shows how we can generate more complex patterns using reaction-diffusion by... Torsten N. Wiesel , "Brain Mechanisms of Vision," Scientific American, Vol. 241, No. 3, pp. 150-162 (September 1979). [Hunding 90] Hunding, Axel, Stuart A

High mountain soils and periglacial features at the Torres del Paine, National Park Torres del Paine, Chile.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Senra, Eduardo; Schaefer, Carlos; Simas, Felipe; Gjorup, Davi

2015-04-01

The Torres del Paine National Park (TPNP) is located on the southern limit of the Andean Southern Ice Field, part of the Magallanes and Antartica Chilena region, in the province of Ultima Esperanza. The TPNP has a very heterogeneous climate due to orographic influence and wet air masses from the Pacific. The geology is basically Cretaceous metasedimentary rocks and Miocene granitic plutons and batholiths. We studied the main soils and geoenvironments of Mt Ferrier mountain and its surroundings, based on soils , landforms and vegetation aspects. The geoenvironmental stratification was based on the combined variation and integration of pedo-litho-geomorphological features with the vegetation. WE used detailed geological maps, a DEM and slope maps and WorlView II satellite images. Fifteen soils profiles were sampled and classified according to Soil Taxonomy (2010) at all genovironments, ranging from 50 m a.s.l to the at high plateau just below the permanent snowline, under periglacial conditions (~1004m asl). Three soil temperature and moisture monitoring sites were set, allowing for 24 consecutive months (2011 to 2013). Seven geoenvironments were identified with distinct soil and landform characteristics, all with a similar geological substrate. The landform and vegetation have a strong connection with the landscape dynamic, controlling erosional and depositional processes, resulting from glacier advances and retreats in the Late Quaternary. Wind blown materials is widespread, in the form of loess material, accumulating in the higher parts of the landscape. On the other hand, accumulation of organic matter in the water-saturated depressions is common in all altitudes. Generally the soils are acidic and dystrophic, with little exceptions. The following geoenvironments were identified: Periglacial Tundra, Loess slopes, Talus and scarpmentd, Fluvio-glacial terraces, Fluvio-lacustrine plains, Moraines and Paleodunes. The regional pedology show the occurrence of five soil orders (Soil Taxonomy, 2010): Histosols, Mollisols, Inceptsols, Entisols and Andisols.

Detrital Geochemical Fingerprints of Rivers Along Southern Tibet and Nepal: Implications for Erosion of the Indus-Yarlung Suture Zone and the Himalayas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hassim, M. F. B.; Carrapa, B.; DeCelles, P. G.; Kapp, P. A.; Gehrels, G. E.

2014-12-01

Our detrital geochemical study of modern sand collected from tributaries of the Yarlung River in southern Tibet and the Kali Gandaki River and its tributaries in Nepal shed light on the ages and exhumation histories of source rocks within the Indus-Yarlung Suture (IYS) zone and the Himalayas. Seven sand samples from rivers along the suture zone in southern Tibet between Xigatze to the east and Mt. Kailas to the west were collected for detrital zircon U-Pb geochronologic and Apatite Fission Track (AFT) thermochronologic analyses. Zircon U-Pb ages for all rivers range between 15 and 3568 Ma. Rivers draining the northern side of the suture zone mainly yield ages between 40 and 60 Ma, similar to the age of the Gangdese magmatic arc. Samples from rivers draining the southern side of the suture zone record a Tethyan Himalayan signal characterized by age clusters at 500 Ma and 1050 Ma. Our results indicate that the ages and proportion of U-Pb zircons ages of downstream samples from tributaries of the Yarlung River directly reflect source area ages and relative area of source rock exposure in the catchment basin. Significant age components at 37 - 40 Ma, 47 - 50 Ma, 55 - 58 Ma and 94 - 97 Ma reflect episodicity in Gangdese arc magmatism. Our AFT ages show two main signals at 23-18 Ma and 12 Ma, which are in agreement with accelerated exhumation of the Gangdese batholith during these time intervals. The 23 - 18 Ma signal partly overlaps with deposition of the Kailas Formation along the suture zone and may be related to exhumation due to upper plate extension in southern Tibet in response to Indian slab rollback and/or break-off events. Detrital thermochronology of four sand samples from the Kali Gandaki River and some of its tributaries in Nepal is underway and will provide constraints on the timing of erosion of the central Nepal Himalaya.

Molecular, dynamic, and structural origin of inhomogeneous magnetization transfer in lipid membranes.

PubMed

Swanson, Scott D; Malyarenko, Dariya I; Fabiilli, Mario L; Welsh, Robert C; Nielsen, Jon-Fredrik; Srinivasan, Ashok

2017-03-01

To elucidate the dynamic, structural, and molecular properties that create inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT) contrast. Amphiphilic lipids, lamellar phospholipids with cholesterol, and bovine spinal cord (BSC) specimens were examined along with nonlipid systems. Magnetization transfer (MT), enhanced MT (eMT, obtained with double-sided radiofrequency saturation), ihMT (MT - eMT), and dipolar relaxation, T 1D , were measured at 2.0 and 11.7 T. The amplitude of ihMT ratio (ihMTR) is positively correlated with T 1D values. Both ihMTR and T 1D increase with increasing temperature in BSC white matter and in phospholipids and decrease with temperature in other lipids. Changes in ihMTR with temperature arise primarily from alterations in MT rather than eMT. Spectral width of MT, eMT, and ihMT increases with increasing carbon chain length. Concerted motions of phospholipids in white matter decrease proton spin diffusion leading to increased proton T 1D times and increased ihMT amplitudes, consistent with decoupling of Zeeman and dipolar spin reservoirs. Molecular specificity and dynamic sensitivity of ihMT contrast make it a suitable candidate for probing myelin membrane disorders. Magn Reson Med 77:1318-1328, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

Combining Afferent Stimulation and Mirror Therapy for Improving Muscular, Sensorimotor, and Daily Functions After Chronic Stroke: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

PubMed

Lee, Ya-yun; Lin, Keh-chung; Wu, Ching-yi; Liao, Ching-hua; Lin, Jui-chi; Chen, Chia-ling

2015-10-01

Mirror therapy (MT) combined with mesh glove (MG) afferent stimulation (MT + MG) has been suggested as an effective intervention for motor recovery in patients with stroke. This study aimed to further determine the treatment effects of the MT + MG approach on muscular properties, sensorimotor functions, and daily function. This was a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Forty-eight participants with chronic stroke were recruited from medical centers and were randomly assigned to the MT, MT + MG, and MT with sham MG stimulation (MT + sham) groups. The intervention consisted of 1.5 hrs/day, 5 days/wk for 4 wks. Primary outcomes were the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and muscular properties (muscle tone and stiffness). Secondary outcomes included measures of sensorimotor and daily functions. Compared with the MT and MT + sham groups, the MT + MG group demonstrated improved muscular properties. The MT + MG and MT + sham groups showed greater improvement in manual dexterity and daily function than the MT group did. No beneficial effects on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and other sensorimotor outcomes were found for the MT + MG group. Although no significant group differences were found in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, MT + MG induced distinctive effects on muscular properties, manual dexterity, and daily function.

The efficacy of manual therapy and exercise for treating non-specific neck pain: A systematic review.

PubMed

Hidalgo, Benjamin; Hall, Toby; Bossert, Jean; Dugeny, Axel; Cagnie, Barbara; Pitance, Laurent

2017-11-06

To review and update the evidence for different forms of manual therapy (MT) and exercise for patients with different stages of non-specific neck pain (NP). MEDLINE, Cochrane-Register-of-Controlled-Trials, PEDro, EMBASE. A qualitative systematic review covering a period from January 2000 to December 2015 was conducted according to updated-guidelines. Specific inclusion criteria only on RCTs were used; including differentiation according to stages of NP (acute - subacute [ASNP] or chronic [CNP]), as well as sub-classification based on type of MT interventions: MT1 (HVLA manipulation); MT2 (mobilization and/or soft-tissue-techniques); MT3 (MT1 + MT2); and MT4 (Mobilization-with-Movement). In each sub-category, MT could be combined or not with exercise and/or usual medical care. Initially 121 studies were identified for potential inclusion. Based on qualitative and quantitative evaluation criteria, 23 RCTs were identified for review. Evidence for ASNP: MODERATE-evidence: In favour of (i) MT1 to the cervical spine (Cx) combined with exercises when compared to MT1 to the thoracic spine (Tx) combined with exercises; (ii) MT3 to the Cx and Tx combined with exercise compared to MT2 to the Cx with exercise or compared to usual medical care for pain and satisfaction with care from short to long-term. Evidence for CNP: STRONG-evidence: Of no difference of efficacy between MT2 at the symptomatic Cx level(s) in comparison to MT2 on asymptomatic Cx level(s) for pain and function. MODERATE to STRONG-evidence: In favour of MT1 and MT3 on Cx and Tx with exercise in comparison to exercise or MT alone for pain, function, satisfaction with care and general-health from short to moderate-terms. MODERATE-evidence: In favour (i) of MT1 as compared to MT2 and MT4, all applied to the Cx, for neck mobility, and pain in the very short term; (ii) of MT2 using sof-tissue-techniques to the Cx and Tx or MT3 to the Cx and Tx in comparison to no-treatment in the short-term for pain and disability. This systematic review updates the evidence for MT combined or not with exercise and/or usual medical care for different stages of NP and provides recommendations for future studies. Two majors points could be highlighted, the first one is that combining different forms of MT with exercise is better than MT or exercise alone, and the second one is that mobilization need not be applied at the symptomatic level(s) for improvements of NP patients. These both points may have clinical implications for reducing the risk involved with some MT techniques applied to the cervical spine.

Opposing Control by Transcription Factors MYB61 and MYB3 Increases Freezing Tolerance by Relieving C-Repeat Binding Factor Suppression1[OPEN

PubMed Central

Zhang, Yunqin; Miao, Zhenyan; Xie, Can; Meng, Xiangzhao; Deng, Jie; Mysore, Kirankumar S.; Frugier, Florian; Wang, Tao

2016-01-01

Cold acclimation is an important process by which plants respond to low temperature and enhance their winter hardiness. C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR1 (CBF1), CBF2, and CBF3 genes were shown previously to participate in cold acclimation in Medicago truncatula. In addition, MtCBF4 is transcriptionally induced by salt, drought, and cold stresses. We show here that MtCBF4, shown previously to enhance drought and salt tolerance, also positively regulates cold acclimation and freezing tolerance. To identify molecular factors acting upstream and downstream of the MtCBF4 transcription factor (TF) in cold responses, we first identified genes that are differentially regulated upon MtCBF4 overexpression using RNAseq Digital Gene Expression Profiling. Among these, we showed that MtCBF4 directly activates the transcription of the COLD ACCLIMATION SPECIFIC15 (MtCAS15) gene. To gain insights into how MtCBF4 is transcriptionally regulated in response to cold, an R2R3-MYB TF, MtMYB3, was identified based on a yeast one-hybrid screen as binding directly to MYB cis-elements in the MtCBF4 promoter, leading to the inhibition of MtCBF4 expression. In addition, another MYB TF, MtMYB61, identified as an interactor of MtMYB3, can relieve the inhibitory effect of MtMYB3 on MtCBF4 transcription. This study, therefore, supports a model describing how MtCBF4 is regulated by antagonistic MtMYB3/MtMYB61 TFs, leading to the up-regulation of downstream targets such as MtCAS15 acting in cold acclimation in M. truncatula. PMID:27578551

Assessment of metallothionein and antibodies to metallothionein in normal and autistic children having exposure to vaccine-derived thimerosal.

PubMed

Singh, Vijendra K; Hanson, Jeff

2006-06-01

Allergic autoimmune reaction after exposure to heavy metals such as mercury may play a causal role in autism, a developmental disorder of the central nervous system. As metallothionein (MT) is the primary metal-detoxifying protein in the body, we conducted a study of the MT protein and antibodies to metallothionein (anti-MT) in normal and autistic children whose exposure to mercury was only from thimerosal-containing vaccines. Laboratory analysis by immunoassays revealed that the serum level of MT did not significantly differ between normal and autistic children. Furthermore, autistic children harboured normal levels of anti-MT, including antibodies to isoform MT-I (anti-MT-I) and MT-II (anti-MT-II), without any significant difference between normal and autistic children. Our findings indicate that because autistic children have a normal profile of MT and anti-MT, the mercury-induced autoimmunity to MT may not be implicated in the pathogenesis of autism.

mtDNA, Metastasis, and the Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response (UPRmt).

PubMed

Kenny, Timothy C; Germain, Doris

2017-01-01

While several studies have confirmed a link between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and cancer cell metastasis, much debate remains regarding the nature of the alternations in mtDNA leading to this effect. Meanwhile, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR mt ) has gained much attention in recent years, with most studies of this pathway focusing on its role in aging. However, the UPR mt has also been studied in the context of cancer. More recent work suggests that rather than a single mutation or alternation, specific combinatorial mtDNA landscapes able to activate the UPR mt may be those that are selected by metastatic cells, while mtDNA landscapes unable to activate the UPR mt do not. This review aims at offering an overview of the confusing literature on mtDNA mutations and metastasis and the more recent work on the UPR mt in this setting.

What cost mitochondria? The maintenance of functional mitochondrial DNA within and across generations

PubMed Central

Aanen, Duur K.; Spelbrink, Johannes N.; Beekman, Madeleine

2014-01-01

The peculiar biology of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) potentially has detrimental consequences for organismal health and lifespan. Typically, eukaryotic cells contain multiple mitochondria, each with multiple mtDNA genomes. The high copy number of mtDNA implies that selection on mtDNA functionality is relaxed. Furthermore, because mtDNA replication is not strictly regulated, within-cell selection may favour mtDNA variants with a replication advantage, but a deleterious effect on cell fitness. The opportunities for selfish mtDNA mutations to spread are restricted by various organism-level adaptations, such as uniparental transmission, germline mtDNA bottlenecks, germline selection and, during somatic growth, regular alternation between fusion and fission of mitochondria. These mechanisms are all hypothesized to maintain functional mtDNA. However, the strength of selection for maintenance of functional mtDNA progressively declines with age, resulting in age-related diseases. Furthermore, organismal adaptations that most probably evolved to restrict the opportunities for selfish mtDNA create secondary problems. Owing to predominantly maternal mtDNA transmission, recombination among mtDNA from different individuals is highly restricted or absent, reducing the scope for repair. Moreover, maternal inheritance precludes selection against mtDNA variants with male-specific effects. We finish by discussing the consequences of life-history differences among taxa with respect to mtDNA evolution and make a case for the use of microorganisms to experimentally manipulate levels of selection. PMID:24864309

mtDNA lineage analysis of mouse L-cell lines reveals the accumulation of multiple mtDNA mutants and intermolecular recombination

PubMed Central

Fan, Weiwei; Lin, Chun Shi; Potluri, Prasanth; Procaccio, Vincent; Wallace, Douglas C.

2012-01-01

The role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and mtDNA recombination in cancer cell proliferation and developmental biology remains controversial. While analyzing the mtDNAs of several mouse L cell lines, we discovered that every cell line harbored multiple mtDNA mutants. These included four missense mutations, two frameshift mutations, and one tRNA homopolymer expansion. The LA9 cell lines lacked wild-type mtDNAs but harbored a heteroplasmic mixture of mtDNAs, each with a different combination of these variants. We isolated each of the mtDNAs in a separate cybrid cell line. This permitted determination of the linkage phase of each mtDNA and its physiological characteristics. All of the polypeptide mutations inhibited their oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. However, they also increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the level of ROS production was proportional to the cellular proliferation rate. By comparing the mtDNA haplotypes of the different cell lines, we were able to reconstruct the mtDNA mutational history of the L–L929 cell line. This revealed that every heteroplasmic L-cell line harbored a mtDNA that had been generated by intracellular mtDNA homologous recombination. Therefore, deleterious mtDNA mutations that increase ROS production can provide a proliferative advantage to cancer or stem cells, and optimal combinations of mutant loci can be generated through recombination. PMID:22345519

Pharmacological characterization of human recombinant melatonin mt1 and MT2 receptors

PubMed Central

Browning, Christopher; Beresford, Isabel; Fraser, Neil; Giles, Heather

2000-01-01

We have pharmacologically characterized recombinant human mt1 and MT2 receptors, stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-mt1 and CHO-MT2), by measurement of [3H]-melatonin binding and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP (cAMP) production. [3H]-melatonin bound to mt1 and MT2 receptors with pKD values of 9.89 and 9.56 and Bmax values of 1.20 and 0.82 pmol mg−1 protein, respectively. Whilst most melatonin receptor agonists had similar affinities for mt1 and MT2 receptors, a number of putative antagonists had substantially higher affinities for MT2 receptors, including luzindole (11 fold), GR128107 (23 fold) and 4-P-PDOT (61 fold). In both CHO-mt1 and CHO-MT2 cells, melatonin inhibited forskolin-stimulated accumulation of cyclic AMP in a concentration-dependent manner (pIC50 9.53 and 9.74, respectively) causing 83 and 64% inhibition of cyclic AMP production at 100 nM, respectively. The potencies of a range of melatonin receptor agonists were determined. At MT2 receptors, melatonin, 2-iodomelatonin and 6-chloromelatonin were essentially equipotent, whilst at the mt1 receptor these agonists gave the rank order of potency of 2-iodomelatonin>melatonin>6-chloromelatonin. In both CHO-mt1 and CHO-MT2 cells, melatonin-induced inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP production was antagonized in a concentration-dependent manner by the melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole, with pA2 values of 5.75 and 7.64, respectively. Melatonin-mediated responses were abolished by pre-treatment of cells with pertussis toxin, consistent with activation of Gi/Go G-proteins. This is the first report of the use of [3H]-melatonin for the characterization of recombinant mt1 and MT2 receptors. Our results demonstrate that these receptor subtypes have distinct pharmacological profiles. PMID:10696085

In vivo-folded metal-metallothionein 3 complexes reveal the Cu-thionein rather than Zn-thionein character of this brain-specific mammalian metallothionein.

PubMed

Artells, Ester; Palacios, Oscar; Capdevila, Mercè; Atrian, Sílvia

2014-03-01

Metallothionein-3 (MT3) is one of the four mammalian metallothioneins (MT), and is constitutively synthesized in the brain. MT3 acts both intracellularly and extracellularly in this organ, performing functions related to neuronal growth and physiological metal (Zn and Cu) handling. It appears to be involved in the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders caused by insoluble Cu-peptide aggregates, as it triggers a Zn-Cu swap that may counteract the deleterious presence of copper in neural tissues. The literature data on MT3 coordination come from studies either on apo-MT3 reconstitution or the reaction of Zn-MT3 with Cu(2+) , an ion that is hardly present inside cells. To ascertain the MT3 metal-binding features in a scenario closer to the reductive cell cytoplasm, a study of the recombinant Zn(2+) , Cd(2+) and Cu(+) complexes of MT3, βMT3, and αMT3, as well as the in vitro Zn(2+) -Cd(2+) and Zn(2+) -Cu(+) replacement processes, is presented here. We conclude that MT3 has a Cu-thionein character that is stronger than that of the MT1 and MT2 isoforms - also present in the mammalian brain - which is mainly contributed by its β domain. In contrast, the α domain retains a high capacity to bind Zn(2+) ions, and, consequently, the entire MT3 peptide shows a peculiar dual ability to handle both metal ions. The nature of the formed Cu(+) -MT3 complexes oscillates from heterometallic Cu6 Zn4 -MT3 to homometallic Cu10 -MT3 major species, in a narrow Cu concentration range. Therefore, the entire MT3 peptide shows a high capacity to bind Cu(+) , provided that this occurs in a nonoxidative milieux. This reflects a peculiar property of this MT isoform, which accurately senses different Cu contents in the environment in which it is synthesized. © 2014 FEBS.

The efficacy of manual therapy and exercise for treating non-specific neck pain: A systematic review

PubMed Central

Hidalgo, Benjamin; Hall, Toby; Bossert, Jean; Dugeny, Axel; Cagnie, Barbara; Pitance, Laurent

2017-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To review and update the evidence for different forms of manual therapy (MT) and exercise for patients with different stages of non-specific neck pain (NP). Data sources: MEDLINE, Cochrane-Register-of-Controlled-Trials, PEDro, EMBASE. METHOD: A qualitative systematic review covering a period from January 2000 to December 2015 was conducted according to updated-guidelines. Specific inclusion criteria only on RCTs were used; including differentiation according to stages of NP (acute – subacute [ASNP] or chronic [CNP]), as well as sub-classification based on type of MT interventions: MT1 (HVLA manipulation); MT2 (mobilization and/or soft-tissue-techniques); MT3 (MT1 + MT2); and MT4 (Mobilization-with-Movement). In each sub-category, MT could be combined or not with exercise and/or usual medical care. RESULTS: Initially 121 studies were identified for potential inclusion. Based on qualitative and quantitative evaluation criteria, 23 RCTs were identified for review. Evidence for ASNP: MODERATE-evidence: In favour of (i) MT1 to the cervical spine (Cx) combined with exercises when compared to MT1 to the thoracic spine (Tx) combined with exercises; (ii) MT3 to the Cx and Tx combined with exercise compared to MT2 to the Cx with exercise or compared to usual medical care for pain and satisfaction with care from short to long-term. Evidence for CNP: STRONG-evidence: Of no difference of efficacy between MT2 at the symptomatic Cx level(s) in comparison to MT2 on asymptomatic Cx level(s) for pain and function. MODERATE to STRONG-evidence: In favour of MT1 and MT3 on Cx and Tx with exercise in comparison to exercise or MT alone for pain, function, satisfaction with care and general-health from short to moderate-terms. MODERATE-evidence: In favour (i) of MT1 as compared to MT2 and MT4, all applied to the Cx, for neck mobility, and pain in the very short term; (ii) of MT2 using sof-tissue-techniques to the Cx and Tx or MT3 to the Cx and Tx in comparison to no-treatment in the short-term for pain and disability. CONCLUSION: This systematic review updates the evidence for MT combined or not with exercise and/or usual medical care for different stages of NP and provides recommendations for future studies. Two majors points could be highlighted, the first one is that combining different forms of MT with exercise is better than MT or exercise alone, and the second one is that mobilization need not be applied at the symptomatic level(s) for improvements of NP patients. These both points may have clinical implications for reducing the risk involved with some MT techniques applied to the cervical spine. PMID:28826164

The Multipartite Mitochondrial Genome of Liposcelis bostrychophila: Insights into the Evolution of Mitochondrial Genomes in Bilateral Animals

PubMed Central

Yuan, Ming-Long; Dou, Wei; Barker, Stephen C.; Wang, Jin-Jun

2012-01-01

Booklice (order Psocoptera) in the genus Liposcelis are major pests to stored grains worldwide and are closely related to parasitic lice (order Phthiraptera). We sequenced the mitochondrial (mt) genome of Liposcelis bostrychophila and found that the typical single mt chromosome of bilateral animals has fragmented into and been replaced by two medium-sized chromosomes in this booklouse; each of these chromosomes has about half of the genes of the typical mt chromosome of bilateral animals. These mt chromosomes are 8,530 bp (mt chromosome I) and 7,933 bp (mt chromosome II) in size. Intriguingly, mt chromosome I is twice as abundant as chromosome II. It appears that the selection pressure for compact mt genomes in bilateral animals favors small mt chromosomes when small mt chromosomes co-exist with the typical large mt chromosomes. Thus, small mt chromosomes may have selective advantages over large mt chromosomes in bilateral animals. Phylogenetic analyses of mt genome sequences of Psocodea (i.e. Psocoptera plus Phthiraptera) indicate that: 1) the order Psocoptera (booklice and barklice) is paraphyletic; and 2) the order Phthiraptera (the parasitic lice) is monophyletic. Within parasitic lice, however, the suborder Ischnocera is paraphyletic; this differs from the traditional view that each suborder of parasitic lice is monophyletic. PMID:22479490

Parallel loss of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and mtDNA-encoded tRNAs in Cnidaria.

PubMed

Haen, Karri M; Pett, Walker; Lavrov, Dennis V

2010-10-01

Unlike most animal mitochondrial (mt) genomes, which encode a set of 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) sufficient for mt protein synthesis, those of cnidarians have only retained one or two tRNA genes. Whether the missing cnidarian mt-tRNA genes relocated outside the main mt chromosome or were lost remains unclear. It is also unknown what impact the loss of tRNA genes had on other components of the mt translational machinery. Here, we explored the nuclear genome of the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis for the presence of mt-tRNA genes and their corresponding mt aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRS). We detected no candidates for mt-tRNA genes and only two mt-aaRS orthologs. At the same time, we found that all but one cytosolic aaRS appear to be targeted to mitochondria. These results indicate that the loss of mt-tRNAs in Cnidaria is genuine and occurred in parallel with the loss of nuclear-encoded mt-aaRS. Our phylogenetic analyses of individual aaRS revealed that although the nearly total loss of mt-aaRS is rare, aaRS gene deletion and replacement have occurred throughout the evolution of Metazoa.

Reconciling opposite strike-slip kinematics in the transpressional belt of the Sierras Pampeanas (Argentina)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zampieri, D.; Gutierrez, A. A.; Massironi, M.; Mon, R.

2012-04-01

In northwest Argentina, the Sierras Pampeanas consists of a basement-involved thrust system resulting from the Andean-phase shortening active since the Miocene in relation with an episode of shallow subduction of the Nazca plate under the South-American one (Jordan et al., 1983, Episodes). The thrust belt is characterized by N-S trending ranges of Precambrian-Early Paleozoic crystalline basement rocks separated by broad depressions infilled by thick Cenozoic sedimentary deposits. Various Paleozoic granitoids intruded within metamorphic schists and gneisses constitute hard cores around which deformation has been continuously focussed. The kinematics of the N-S faults bounding the ranges has been object of hot scientific debates, since both dextral and sinistral strike-slip activity has been found throughout central Andes. Most previous works relate this opposite strike-slip component to the evolution of the relative motions between plates. However, several evidences suggest a coeval opposite kinematics along different faults with the same trend, explained by alternating kinematic excursions during the late Cenozoic reorganization of relative plate motions (Marrett and Strecker, 2000, Tectonics). In this work we present new findings of Miocene-Present opposite transcurrence along faults enclosing a N-S elongated intrusive body (Achala batholith) in the Córdoba Range. In particular, to the west of the batholith a 6 km-wide sigmoidal basin, infilled by Pliocene to Quaternary deformed deposits, point to a sinistral shear along a major N-S fault with a prominent left bend. On the contrary, on the east side a similar pull-apart basin infilled by Pliocene deposits is consistent with a right lateral strike-slip component along a N-S fault showing a dextral bend. This suggests a moderate northwards escape of the granitoid block enveloped by a basement characterized by a penetrative and steeply dipping foliation, N-S oriented. Hence, we propose a partitioning of the deformation in which simple shear is dominant at the batholith boundaries and within the foliated basement, whereas pure shear is mainly accommodated by the rigid granitoid block, which is also forced to laterally escape. This model may explain coeval opposite strike-slip kinematics observed in transpressional belts with a strong shortening component affecting tectonic units with highly contrasting rheological properties.

Interpreting the Geochemistry of the Northern Peninsula Ranges Batholith Using Principle Component Analysis and Spatial Interpolation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pompe, L.; Clausen, B. L.; Morton, D. M.

2014-12-01

The Cretaceous northern Peninsular Ranges batholith (PRB) exemplifies emplacement in a combination oceanic arc / continental margin arc setting. Two approaches that can aid in understanding its statistical and spatial geochemistry variation are principle component analysis (PCA) and GIS interpolation mapping. The data analysis primarily used 287 samples from the large granitoid geochemical data set systematically collected by Baird and Welday. Of these, 80 points fell in the western Santa Ana block, 108 in the transitional Perris block, and 99 in the eastern San Jacinto block. In the statistical analysis, multivariate outliers were identified using Mahalanobis distance and excluded. A centered log ratio transformation was used to facilitate working with geochemical concentration values that range over many orders of magnitude. The data was then analyzed using PCA with IBM SPSS 21 reducing 40 geochemical variables to 4 components which are approximately related to the compatible, HFS, HRE, and LIL elements. The 4 components were interpreted as follows: (1) compatible [and negatively correlated incompatible] elements indicate extent of differentiation as typified by SiO2, (2) HFS elements indicate crustal contamination as typified by Sri and Nb/Yb ratios, (3) HRE elements indicate source depth as typified by Sr/Y and Gd/Yb ratios, and (4) LIL elements indicate alkalinity as typified by the K2O/SiO2ratio. Spatial interpolation maps of the 4 components were created with Esri ArcGIS for Desktop 10.2 by interpolating between the sample points using kriging and inverse distance weighting. Across-arc trends on the interpolation maps indicate a general increase from west to east for each of the 4 components, but with local exceptions as follows. The 15km offset on the San Jacinto Fault may be affecting the contours. South of San Jacinto is a west-east band of low Nb/Yb, Gd/Yb, and Sr/Y ratios. The highest Sr/Y ratios in the north central area that decrease further east may be due to the far eastern granitoids being transported above a shear zone. Along the western edge of the PRB, high SiO2 and K2O/SiO2 are interpreted to result from sampling shallow levels in the batholith (2-3 kb), as compared to deeper levels in the central (5-6 kb) and eastern (4.5 kb) areas.

Peninsular terrane basement ages recorded by Paleozoic and Paleoproterozoic zircon in gabbro xenoliths and andesite from Redoubt volcano, Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bacon, Charles R.; Vazquez, Jorge A.; Wooden, Joseph L.

2012-01-01

Historically Sactive Redoubt volcano is an Aleutian arc basalt-to-dacite cone constructed upon the Jurassic–Early Tertiary Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith. The batholith intrudes the Peninsular tectonostratigraphic terrane, which is considered to have developed on oceanic basement and to have accreted to North America, possibly in Late Jurassic time. Xenoliths in Redoubt magmas have been thought to be modern cumulate gabbros and fragments of the batholith. However, new sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb ages for zircon from gabbro xenoliths from a late Pleistocene pyroclastic deposit are dominated by much older, ca. 310 Ma Pennsylvanian and ca. 1865 Ma Paleoproterozoic grains. Zircon age distributions and trace-element concentrations indicate that the ca. 310 Ma zircons date gabbroic intrusive rocks, and the ca. 1865 Ma zircons also are likely from igneous rocks in or beneath Peninsular terrane basement. The trace-element data imply that four of five Cretaceous–Paleocene zircons, and Pennsylvanian low-U, low-Th zircons in one sample, grew from metamorphic or hydrothermal fluids. Textural evidence of xenocrysts and a dominant population of ca. 1865 Ma zircon in juvenile crystal-rich andesite from the same pyroclastic deposit show that this basement has been assimilated by Redoubt magma. Equilibration temperatures and oxygen fugacities indicated by Fe-Ti–oxide minerals in the gabbros and crystal-rich andesite suggest sources near the margins of the Redoubt magmatic system, most likely in the magma accumulation and storage region currently outlined by seismicity and magma petrology at ∼4–10 km below sea level. Additionally, a partially melted gabbro from the 1990 eruption contains zircon with U-Pb ages between ca. 620 Ma and ca. 1705 Ma, as well as one zircon with a U-Th disequilibrium model age of 0 ka. The zircon ages demonstrate that Pennsylvanian, and probably Paleoproterozoic, igneous rocks exist in, or possibly beneath, Peninsular terrane basement. Discovery of Pennsylvanian gabbro similar in age to Skolai arc plutons 500 km to the northeast indicates that the Peninsular terrane, along with the Wrangellia and Alexander terranes, has been part of the Wrangellia composite terrane since at least Pennsylvanian time. Moreover, the zircon data suggest that a Paleoproterozoic continental fragment may be present in the mid-to-upper crust in southern Alaska.

The evolution of the magmatic arc of Southern Peru (200-60 Ma), Arequipa area: insight from geochemical modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demouy, S.; Benoit, M.; De Saint Blanquat, M.; Brunet, P.

2012-12-01

Cordilleran-type batholiths are built by prolonged arc activity along continental margins and may provide detailed magmatic records of the subduction system evolution. The magmas produced in subduction context involve both mantellic and crustal end members and are subject to various petrological processes. The MASH zones (Hildreth and Moorbath, 1988), at the basis of the continental crust, are the best places for the genesis of such hybrid magmas. The various geochemical signatures observed in the plutonic rocks, may also be attributed to source heterogeneities or generated by subsequent petrological processes. This study has focused in the Arequipa section of the Coastal Batholith of Southern Peru (200-60 Ma), in an area extending over 80x40 km. Major and trace elements as well as Sr and Nd isotopic analyses were performed in a set of 100 samples ranging from gabbro to granite. The obtained data highlight the wide heterogeneity of the geochemical signatures that is not related to the classification of the rocks. In first step, Rb/Sr systematic was used to isolate a set of samples plotting along a Paleocene isochron and defining a cogenetic suite. This suite appears to have evolved by simple fractional crystallization. By using reverse modeling, the parameters controlling the fractional crystallization process were defined, as partition coefficients, initial concentrations and amount of fractional crystallization. The other magmatic suites display a wide range of isotopic and geochemical signatures. To explain this heterogeneity, a model involving competition between fractional crystallization and magma mixing into MASH zones was proposed. A large range of hybrid magma types is potentially generated during the maturation of the system, but this range tends to disappear as fractionation and mixing occurs. Finally the model predicts the genesis of a homogeneous reservoir created at depth, from which magmas may evolve only by fractional crystallization. Therefore stabilization of this reservoir is directly related to the thermal conditions present at the basis of the continental crust, and allows the production of large volumes at the batholiths level, known as flare-up events. These results are critical in order to estimate the amount of crustal growth and thickening in the Arequipa area, as they provide the basis for the estimation of the mantle versus crustal contribution during the magma genesis.

The Significance of Atypical High-Silica Igneous Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frazer, Ryan Edward

The origins of high-silica igneous rocks are debated, as they may be products of high-degree fractional crystallization or low-degree partial melting. They may play a role in the generation of intermediate igneous rocks and are responsible for large, ash-rich volcanic eruptions. High-silica granites and rhyolites in the Sierra Nevada, California, and the Colorado Mineral Belt (CMB) are investigated using isotope geochemistry to better understand how they bear on these questions. Zircon U-Pb geochronology identifies two intrusive suites comprising large volumes of high-silica granites emplaced in the mid-Cretaceous Sierra Nevada batholith: the 106-98 Ma Shaver Intrusive Suite (SIS) in the central part of the batholith, and the 103-100 Ma Kearsarge intrusive suite (KIS) on the Sierra Crest and Owens Valley. High-silica granites in both suites have relatively high concentrations of middle rare earth and high field strength elements. Data for these and other discrete high-silica plutons in the batholith suggest they were derived from titanite-free sources in the deep crust, unlike similarly felsic parts of zoned intrusive suites. Despite similar trace element signatures, SIS and KIS high-silica granites have divergent isotopic compositions. High-silica granites of the SIS have supracrustal O in zircon, crustal Sr and Nd whole rock isotopic compositions, and negative Ce anomalies suggesting the SIS granites may have been derived from oceanic sedimentary sources. In contrast, KIS granites have mantle-like isotopic compositions. The location and geochemistry of the KIS suggests it may have resulted from backarc magmatism in the mid-Cretaceous Sierra. Volcanic and plutonic rocks in the central CMB were emplaced during the Laramide orogeny and subsequent Oligocene-Eocene volcanic flare-up. Strontium and Nd data suggest the 63-39 Ma Twin Lakes pluton and igneous rocks as young as 24 Ma were derived from a persistent mafic lower crust or enriched lithospheric mantle source. In contrast, the ˜35 Ma Grizzly Peak Tuff and resurgent plutons are isotopically dissimilar from each other and the CMB as a whole, suggesting derivation by partial melting of ancient felsic lower crust. This distinct source could account for the lack Mo mineralization in the Grizzly Peak caldera relative to other high-silica parts of the CMB.

‘Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs)’: Definition, recommended terminology, and a hierarchical classification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sheth, Hetu C.

2007-12-01

This article is an appeal for the adoption of a correct and appropriate terminology with respect to the so-called Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). The term LIP has been widely applied to large basaltic provinces such as the Deccan Traps, and the term Silicic Large Igneous Province (SLIP) to volcanic provinces of dominantly felsic composition, such as the Whitsunday Province. However, neither term (LIP, SLIP) has been applied to the large granitic batholiths of the world (e.g., Andes) to which both terms are perfectly applicable. LIP has also not been applied to broad areas of contemporaneous basalt magmatism (e.g., Indochina, Mongolia) and sizeable layered mafic intrusions (e.g., Bushveld) which in many significant respects may also be considered to represent 'Large Igneous Provinces'. Here, I suggest that the term LIP is used in its broadest sense and that it should designate igneous provinces with outcrop areas ≥ 50,000 km 2. I propose a simple hierarchical classification of LIPs that is independent of composition, tectonic setting, or emplacement mechanism. I suggest that provinces such as the Deccan and Whitsunday provinces should be called Large Volcanic Provinces (LVPs), whereas large intrusive provinces (mafic-ultramafic intrusions, dyke/sill swarms, granitic batholiths) should be called Large Plutonic Provinces (LPPs). LVPs and LPPs thus together cover all LIPs, which can be felsic, mafic, or ultramafic, of sub-alkalic or alkalic affinity, and emplaced in continental or oceanic settings. LVPs are subdivided here into four groups: (i) the dominantly/wholly mafic Large Basaltic Provinces (LBPs) (e.g., Deccan, Ontong Java); (ii) the dominantly felsic Large Rhyolitic Provinces (LRPs) (e.g., Whitsunday, Sierra Madre Occidental); (iii) the dominantly andesitic Large Andesitic Provinces (LAPs) (e.g., Andes, Indonesia, Cascades), and (iv) the bimodal Large Basaltic-Rhyolitic Provinces (LBRPs) (e.g., Snake River-High Lava Plains). The intrusive equivalents of LRPs are the Large Granitic Provinces (LGPs) (e.g., the Andean batholiths), although an equivalent term for intrusive equivalents of LBPs is not necessary or warranted. The accuracy and usefulness of the terms flood basalt, plateau basalt, and trap are also examined. The largest LBP, LVP, and LIP is, of course, the bulk of the ocean floor. It is contended that the proposed LIP nomenclature and classification will lead to more accurate and precise terminology and hence better understanding of the wide variety of Large Igneous Provinces.

Long-lived sediment dispersal pathways of the U.S. Cordillera in southwest Montana: Evidence from Paleogene intermontane basin deposits and relationship to regional structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weislogel, A. L.; Schwartz, R.; Rothfuss, J. L.; Schwartz, T.

2010-12-01

Inherited topography and basement crustal infrastructure associated with Sevier-Laramide orogenesis played a major role in the fluvial sculpting of intermontane-scale paleovalleys that served as precursors to the modern intermontane basins and existing drainage network. Paleocurrent, facies and detrital zircon and petrologic provenance data indicate that Upper Eocene-Lower Miocene units in the Renova Fm. mark the transition from fluvial incision to sediment backfilling of long-lived, paleovalley systems. Paleo-alluvial systems carried Renova detritus shed from high-relief (>2 km) early Paleogene highlands that originated as Sevier-Laramide uplifts and persist today as modern highlands. Detrital zircon and clast composition data indicate the Boulder and Tobacco Roots batholiths were widely unroofed, and plutons in the Anaconda range and Idaho batholith were at least partially unroofed. Renova sediment was routed by a recurved trellis-like fluvial trunk system that generally paralleled the track of river systems occupying the modern intermontaine basins. In most areas, geometry of these pathways are demonstrably linked to structural grain of the underlying Sevier-Laramide orogen and may have been modified by later extensional reactivation. Renova paleodrainage configuration bears resemblance to sediment pathways identified in the Cretaceous Kootenai, Blackleaf, and Frontier formations and Beaverhead Group. Detrital remnants of the substantial volume of Elkhorn Mountain volcanic rock and Paleozoic-Mesozoic sedimentary rock overburden are rare within Renova deposits indicating that batholith overburden was exported out of the system in the >20 m.y. duration between the end of the Cretaceous and beginning of widespread Renova deposition. Thus, significant mass was transferred from a segment the Sevier-Laramide orogenic highlands and routed via an ancestral drainage network to a sink that lies several hundreds of kilometers away and along strike of the prevailing structural grain. The ultimate sink for this excavated material remains in question, though paleocurrent data for much of the study area documents eventual escape from the orogenic wedge into the northward-flowing paleo-Missouri headwater system. Once in the paleo-Missouri fluvial system, detritus was carried longitudinally along the remnant foreland basin axis before turning cratonward (i.e., eastward) toward the retreating Western Interior Seaway. Overall, this work suggests drainage configuration of the upper Missouri watershed has persisted for at least 40 m.y., and perhaps had initiated several tens of millions of years earlier.

Potential role of alpha-synuclein and metallothionein in lead-induced inclusion body formation.

PubMed

Zuo, Peijun; Qu, Wei; Cooper, Ryan N; Goyer, Robert A; Diwan, Bhalchandra A; Waalkes, Michael P

2009-09-01

Lead (Pb) produces aggresome-like inclusion bodies (IBs) in target cells as a toxic response. Our prior work shows metallothionein (MT) is required for this process. We used MT-I/II double knockout (MT-null) and parental wild-type (WT) cell lines to further explore the formation process of Pb-induced IBs. Unlike WT cells, MT-null cells did not form IBs after Pb exposure. Western blot of cytosol showed soluble MT protein in WT cells was lost during Pb exposure as IBs formed. Transfection of MT-I into MT-null cells allowed IBs formation after Pb exposure. Considering Pb-induced IBs may be like disease-related aggresomes, which often contain alpha-synuclein (Scna), we investigated Scna expression in cells capable (WT) and incapable (MT-null) of producing IBs after Pb exposure. Scna protein showed poor basal expression in MT-null cells. Pb exposure increased Scna expression only in WT cells. MT transfection increased Scna transcript to WT levels. In WT or MT-transfected MT-null cells, Pb-induced Scna expression rapidly increased and then decreased over 48 h as Pb-induced IBs were formed. A direct interaction between Scna and MT was confirmed ex vivo by antibody pulldown assay where the proteins coprecipitated with an antibody to MT. Pb exposure caused increased colocalization of MT and Scna proteins with time only in WT cells. In WT mice after chronic Pb exposure Scna was localized in renal cells containing forming IBs, whereas MT-null mice did not form IBs. Thus, Scna could be component of Pb-induced IBs and, with MT, may play a role in IBs formation.

Mitochondrial ATPase Subunit 6 and Cytochrome B Gene Variations in Obese Turkish Children

PubMed Central

Demir, Durkadın; Türkkahraman, Doğa; Samur, Anıl Aktaş; Lüleci, Güven; Akçurin, Sema; M. Alper, Özgül

2014-01-01

Objective: Due to the importance of energy metabolism in mitochondria, mitochondrial genome variations are evaluated in energy-related diseases such as obesity. To date, several nuclear genes were found to be related to obesity. Our aim in this study was to investigate the presence of polymorphisms in mitochondrial ATPase subunit 6 (mt-ATP6) and cytochrome b (mt-CytB) genes that may be associated with childhood obesity. Methods: The mt-ATP6 and mt-CytB genes were amplified and entirely sequenced in a series of 100 obese and in an equal number of healthy Turkish children aged between 6-14 years. Results: A total of 118 synonymous and nonsynonymous variations were detected in the obese and control groups. Only two previously reported synonymous substitutions (mt.8614T>C and mt.8994G>A) in the mt-ATP6 gene were found to be significantly higher in the obese group compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the mt-ATP6 gene, one novel nonsynonymous substitution (mt.8726C>T) and one novel synonymous substitution (mt.9108A>T) were found. In the mt-CytB gene, one nonsynonymous substitution (mt.14880T>C) and two synonymous substitutions (mt.14891C>T and mt.15091C>T) were novel substitutions. Conclusion: Two synonymous substitutions (mt.8614T>C and mt.8994G>A) in the mt-ATP6 gene may be associated with childhood obesity. Our study provides the first data about mitochondrial genome variations in a Turkish obese population and also the first in obese children. More cases should be screened in obese groups in order to understand the effects of mitochondrial polymorphisms in the development of obesity. PMID:25541891

A reduced number of mtSNPs saturates mitochondrial DNA haplotype diversity of worldwide population groups.

PubMed

Salas, Antonio; Amigo, Jorge

2010-05-03

The high levels of variation characterising the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecule are due ultimately to its high average mutation rate; moreover, mtDNA variation is deeply structured in different populations and ethnic groups. There is growing interest in selecting a reduced number of mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) that account for the maximum level of discrimination power in a given population. Applications of the selected mtSNP panel range from anthropologic and medical studies to forensic genetic casework. This study proposes a new simulation-based method that explores the ability of different mtSNP panels to yield the maximum levels of discrimination power. The method explores subsets of mtSNPs of different sizes randomly chosen from a preselected panel of mtSNPs based on frequency. More than 2,000 complete genomes representing three main continental human population groups (Africa, Europe, and Asia) and two admixed populations ("African-Americans" and "Hispanics") were collected from GenBank and the literature, and were used as training sets. Haplotype diversity was measured for each combination of mtSNP and compared with existing mtSNP panels available in the literature. The data indicates that only a reduced number of mtSNPs ranging from six to 22 are needed to account for 95% of the maximum haplotype diversity of a given population sample. However, only a small proportion of the best mtSNPs are shared between populations, indicating that there is not a perfect set of "universal" mtSNPs suitable for all population contexts. The discrimination power provided by these mtSNPs is much higher than the power of the mtSNP panels proposed in the literature to date. Some mtSNP combinations also yield high diversity values in admixed populations. The proposed computational approach for exploring combinations of mtSNPs that optimise the discrimination power of a given set of mtSNPs is more efficient than previous empirical approaches. In contrast to precedent findings, the results seem to indicate that only few mtSNPs are needed to reach high levels of discrimination power in a population, independently of its ancestral background.

Metallothionein deficiency aggravates depleted uranium-induced nephrotoxicity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hao, Yuhui; Huang, Jiawei; Gu, Ying

Depleted uranium (DU) has been widely used in both civilian and military activities, and the kidney is the main target organ of DU during acute high-dose exposures. In this study, the nephrotoxicity caused by DU in metallothionein-1/2-null mice (MT −/−) and corresponding wild-type (MT +/+) mice was investigated to determine any associations with MT. Each MT −/− or MT +/+ mouse was pretreated with a single dose of DU (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) or an equivalent volume of saline. After 4 days of DU administration, kidney changes were assessed. After DU exposure, serum creatinine and serum urea nitrogen in MTmore » −/− mice significantly increased than in MT +/+ mice, with more severe kidney pathological damage. Moreover, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased, and generation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde increased in MT −/− mice. The apoptosis rate in MT −/− mice significantly increased, with a significant increase in both Bax and caspase 3 and a decrease in Bcl-2. Furthermore, sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) and sodium-phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-II) were significantly reduced after DU exposure, and the change of SGLT was more evident in MT −/− mice. Finally, exogenous MT was used to evaluate the correlation between kidney changes induced by DU and MT doses in MT −/− mice. The results showed that, the pathological damage and cell apoptosis decreased, and SOD and SGLT levels increased with increasing dose of MT. In conclusion, MT deficiency aggravated DU-induced nephrotoxicity, and the molecular mechanisms appeared to be related to the increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, and decreased SGLT expression. - Highlights: • MT −/− and MT +/+ mice were used to evaluate nephrotoxicity of DU. • Renal damage was more evident in the MT −/− mice after exposure to DU. • Exogenous MT also protects against DU-induced nephrotoxicity. • MT deficiency induced more ROS and apoptosis after exposure to DU. • MT deficiency down-regulated SGLT expression after exposure to DU.« less

A Reduced Number of mtSNPs Saturates Mitochondrial DNA Haplotype Diversity of Worldwide Population Groups

PubMed Central

Salas, Antonio; Amigo, Jorge

2010-01-01

Background The high levels of variation characterising the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecule are due ultimately to its high average mutation rate; moreover, mtDNA variation is deeply structured in different populations and ethnic groups. There is growing interest in selecting a reduced number of mtDNA single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs) that account for the maximum level of discrimination power in a given population. Applications of the selected mtSNP panel range from anthropologic and medical studies to forensic genetic casework. Methodology/Principal Findings This study proposes a new simulation-based method that explores the ability of different mtSNP panels to yield the maximum levels of discrimination power. The method explores subsets of mtSNPs of different sizes randomly chosen from a preselected panel of mtSNPs based on frequency. More than 2,000 complete genomes representing three main continental human population groups (Africa, Europe, and Asia) and two admixed populations (“African-Americans” and “Hispanics”) were collected from GenBank and the literature, and were used as training sets. Haplotype diversity was measured for each combination of mtSNP and compared with existing mtSNP panels available in the literature. The data indicates that only a reduced number of mtSNPs ranging from six to 22 are needed to account for 95% of the maximum haplotype diversity of a given population sample. However, only a small proportion of the best mtSNPs are shared between populations, indicating that there is not a perfect set of “universal” mtSNPs suitable for all population contexts. The discrimination power provided by these mtSNPs is much higher than the power of the mtSNP panels proposed in the literature to date. Some mtSNP combinations also yield high diversity values in admixed populations. Conclusions/Significance The proposed computational approach for exploring combinations of mtSNPs that optimise the discrimination power of a given set of mtSNPs is more efficient than previous empirical approaches. In contrast to precedent findings, the results seem to indicate that only few mtSNPs are needed to reach high levels of discrimination power in a population, independently of its ancestral background. PMID:20454657

Drosophila nuclear factor DREF regulates the expression of the mitochondrial DNA helicase and mitochondrial transcription factor B2 but not the mitochondrial translation factor B1

PubMed Central

Fernández-Moreno, Miguel A.; Hernández, Rosana; Adán, Cristina; Roberti, Marina; Bruni, Francesco; Polosa, Paola Loguercio; Cantatore, Palmiro; Matsushima, Yuichi; Kaguni, Laurie S.; Garesse, Rafael

2016-01-01

DREF [DRE (DNA replication-related element)-binding factor] controls the transcription of numerous genes in Drosophila, many involved in nuclear DNA (nDNA) replication and cell proliferation, three in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and two in mtDNA transcription termination. In this work, we have analysed the involvement of DREF in the expression of the known remaining genes engaged in the minimal mtDNA replication (d-mtDNA helicase) and transcription (the activator d-mtTFB2) machineries and of a gene involved in mitochondrial mRNA translation (d-mtTFB1). We have identified their transcriptional initiation sites and DRE sequences in their promoter regions. Gel-shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that DREF interacts in vitro and in vivo with the d-mtDNA helicase and d-mtTFB2, but not with the d-mtTFB1 promoters. Transient transfection assays in Drosophila S2 cells with mutated DRE motifs and truncated promoter regions show that DREF controls the transcription of d-mtDNA helicase and d-mtTFB2, but not that of d-mtTFB1. RNA interference of DREF in S2 cells reinforces these results showing a decrease in the mRNA levels of d-mtDNA helicase and d-mtTFB2 and no changes in those of the d-mtTFB1. These results link the genetic regulation of nuclear DNA replication with the genetic control of mtDNA replication and transcriptional activation in Drosophila. PMID:23916463

mtDNA recombination in a natural population.

PubMed

Saville, B J; Kohli, Y; Anderson, J B

1998-02-03

Variation in mtDNA has been used extensively to draw inferences in phylogenetics and population biology. In the majority of eukaryotes investigated, transmission of mtDNA is uniparental and clonal, with genotypic diversity arising from mutation alone. In other eukaryotes, the transmission of mtDNA is biparental or primarily uniparental with the possibility of "leakage" from the minority parent. In these cases, heteroplasmy carries the potential for recombination between mtDNAs of different descent. In fungi, such mtDNA recombination has long been documented but only in laboratory experiments and only under conditions in which heteroplasmy is ensured. Despite this experimental evidence, mtDNA recombination has not been to our knowledge documented in a natural population. Because evidence from natural populations is prerequisite to understanding the evolutionary impact of mtDNA recombination, we investigated the possibility of mtDNA recombination in an organism with the demonstrated potential for heteroplasmy in laboratory matings. Using nucleotide sequence data, we report here that the genotypic structure of mtDNA in a natural population of the basidiomycete fungus Armillaria gallica is inconsistent with purely clonal mtDNA evolution and is fully consistent with mtDNA recombination.

Characterization and expression of a metallothionein gene in the aquatic fern Azolla filiculoides under heavy metal stress.

PubMed

Schor-Fumbarov, Tamar; Goldsbrough, Peter B; Adam, Zach; Tel-Or, Elisha

2005-12-01

A cDNA encoding a type 2 metallothionein (MT) was isolated from Azolla filiculoides, termed AzMT2, accession no. AF482470. The AzMT2 transcript was expressed in sterile A. filiculoides that were free of the cyanobiont Anabaena azollae after erythromycin treatment, proving that AzMT2 is encoded by the fern genome. AzMT2 RNA expression was enhanced by the addition of Cd(+2), Cu(+2), Zn(+2) and Ni(+2) to the growth medium. The transcript level of AzMT2 correlated with the metal content in the plants. Temporal analysis of AzMT2 expression demonstrated that Cd(2+) and Ni(2+) induction of AzMT2 RNA expression occurred within 48 h. AzMT2-enhanced expression responded more intensely to the toxic Cd and Ni ions in A. filiculoides suggesting that AzMT2 may participate in detoxification mechanism. The more moderate response of AzMT2 to Zn and Cu ions, which are essential micronutrients, suggest a role for AzMT2 in metal homeostasis.

Metallothionein blocks oxidative DNA damage induced by acute inorganic arsenic exposure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Qu, Wei, E-mail: qu@niehs.nih.gov; Waalkes, Michael P.

We studied how protein metallothionein (MT) impacts arsenic-induced oxidative DNA damage (ODD) using cells that poorly express MT (MT-I/II double knockout embryonic cells; called MT-null cells) and wild-type (WT) MT competent cells. Arsenic (as NaAsO{sub 2}) was less cytolethal over 24 h in WT cells (LC{sub 50} = 11.0 ± 1.3 μM; mean ± SEM) than in MT-null cells (LC{sub 50} = 5.6 ± 1.2 μM). ODD was measured by the immuno-spin trapping method. Arsenic (1 or 5 μM; 24 h) induced much less ODD in WT cells (121% and 141% of control, respectively) than in MT-null cells (202% andmore » 260%). In WT cells arsenic caused concentration-dependent increases in MT expression (transcript and protein), and in the metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (MTF-1), which is required to induce the MT gene. In contrast, basal MT levels were not detectable in MT-null cells and unaltered by arsenic exposure. Transfection of MT-I gene into the MT-null cells markedly reduced arsenic-induced ODD levels. The transport genes, Abcc1 and Abcc2 were increased by arsenic in WT cells but either showed no or very limited increases in MT-null cells. Arsenic caused increases in oxidant stress defense genes HO-1 and GSTα2 in both WT and MT-null cells, but to much higher levels in WT cells. WT cells appear more adept at activating metal transport systems and oxidant response genes, although the role of MT in these responses is unclear. Overall, MT protects against arsenic-induced ODD in MT competent cells by potential sequestration of scavenging oxidant radicals and/or arsenic. - Highlights: • Metallothionein blocks arsenic toxicity. • Metallothionein reduces arsenic-induced DNA damage. • Metallothionein may bind arsenic or radicals produced by arsenic.« less

Magnetite deposits near Klukwan and Haines, southeastern Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Robertson, Eugene C.

1956-01-01

Low-grade iron ore is found in magnetite-bearing pyroxenite bodies near Klukwan and Haines in Southeastern Alaska. An alluvial fan at Haines also contains magnetite-bearing rock of possible economic significance. The Haines-Klukwan area is underlain by rocks of Mesozoic Including epidote diorite, quartz diorite, and alaskite of the Coast Range batholith, metabasalt (recrystallized lava flows and pyroclastic rocks), and, in the southern part, interbedded slate and limestone. Layering and foliation, where perceptible, generally strike northwest and dip steeply northeast. The iron deposits are found at or near the contact between the metabasalt and epidote diorite; they appear to represent highly-altered lava flows that were metamorphosed during the emplacement of the batholith. Several billion tens of rock containing about 13 percent magnetic iron are included in the pyroxenite body at Klukwan. Sampling and dip-needle data suggest the presence there of two or three tabular aches in which the rock has an average magnetic iron content of 20 percent or more. Pyroxenite bodies outcropping in three areas near Haines apparently are lower in grade than the Klukwan deposit; lack of exposures prevented thorough sampling but reconnaissance traverses with a dip needle failed to reveal important zones of high-grade iron ore. An alluvial fan adjoining the pyroxenite body at Klukwan contains several hundred million tons of broken rock having a magneticiron content of about 10 percent.

Geologic map of the Lead Mountain 15’ quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Howard, Keith A.; Jagiello, Keith J.; Fitzgibbon, Todd T.; John, Barbara E.

2013-01-01

The Lead Mountain 15’ quadrangle in the Mojave Desert contains a record of Jurassic, Cretaceous, Tertiary, and Quaternary magmatism. Small amounts of Mesoproterozoic(?) augen gneiss and Paleozoic and Mesozoic(?) metasedimentary rocks are preserved in small patches; they are intruded by voluminous Jurassic plutons of quartz diorite to granite composition and by Late Cretaceous granite of the Cadiz Valley batholith. Jurassic intrusive rocks include part of the Bullion Mountain Intrusive Suite and also younger dikes inferred to be part of the Jurassic Independence dike swarm. A contact-metamorphosed aureole 2 km wide in the Jurassic plutonic rocks fringes the Cadiz Valley batholith. Early Miocene dacitic magmatism produced a dense swarm of dikes in the eastern Bullion Mountains and the volcanic-intrusive remnant of a volcano at Lead Mountain. Tilting of the dike swarm from inferred vertical orientations may have resulted from Miocene tectonic extension. Conglomerate of Pliocene and (or) Miocene age is also tilted. Younger volcanism is recorded by Pliocene basalt of the Deadman Lake volcanic field, basalt of Lead Mountain (approximately 0.36 Ma), and the even younger basalt of Amboy. Quaternary sedimentation built alluvial fans and filled playas in the map area. Faulting in the dextral eastern California shear zone produced several northwest-striking faults in the quadrangle, some of them active into the Pleistocene and some that may have many kilometers of right-lateral offset.

Paleozoic subduction complex and Paleozoic-Mesozoic island-arc volcano-plutonic assemblages in the northern Sierra terrane

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hanson, Richard E.; Girty, Gary H.; Harwood, David S.; Schweickert, Richard A.

2000-01-01

This field trip provides an overview of the stratigraphic and structural evolution of the northern Sierra terrane, which forms a significant part of the wall rocks on the western side of the later Mesozoic Sierra Nevada batholith in California. The terrane consists of a pre-Late Devonian subduction complex (Shoo Fly Complex) overlain by submarine arc-related deposits that record the evolution of three separate island-arc systems in the Late Sevonian-Early Mississippian, Permian, and Late Triassic-Jurassic. The two Paleozoic are packages and the underlying Shoo Fly Complex have an important bearing on plate-tectonic processes affecting the convergent margin outboard of the Paleozoic Cordilleran miogeocline, although their original paleogeographic relations to North America are controversial. The third arc package represents an overlap assemblage that ties the terrane to North America by the Late Triassic and helps constrain the nature and timing of Mesozoic orogenesis. Several of the field-trip stops examine the record of pre-Late Devonian subduction contained in the Shoo Fly Complex, as well as the paleovolcanology of the overlying Devonian to Jurassic arc rocks. Excellent glaciated exposures provide the opportunity to study a cross section through a tilted Devonian volcano-plutonic association. Additional stops focus on plutonic rocks emplaced during the Middle Jurassic arc magmatism in the terrane, and during the main pulse of Cretaceous magmatism in the Sierra Nevada batholith to the east.

Contrasting magmatic structures between small plutons and batholiths emplaced at shallow crustal level (Sierras de Córdoba, Argentina)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinotti, Lucio P.; D'Eramo, Fernando J.; Weinberg, Roberto F.; Demartis, Manuel; Tubía, José María; Coniglio, Jorge E.; Radice, Stefania; Maffini, M. Natalia; Aragón, Eugenio

2016-11-01

Processes like injection, magma flow and differentiation and influence of the regional strain field are here described and contrasted to shed light on their role in the formation of small plutons and large batholiths their magmatic structures. The final geometric and compositional arrangement of magma bodies are a complex record of their construction and internal flow history. Magma injection, flow and differentiation, as well as regional stresses, all control the internal nature of magma bodies. Large magma bodies emplaced at shallow crustal levels result from the intrusion of multiple magma batches that interact in a variety of ways, depending on internal and external dynamics, and where the early magmatic, growth-related structures are commonly overprinted by subsequent history. In contrast, small plutons emplaced in the brittle-ductile transition more likely preserve growth-related structures, having a relatively simple cooling history and limited internal magma flow. Outcrop-scale magmatic structures in both cases record a rich set of complementary information that can help elucidate their evolution. Large and small granitic bodies of the Sierra Pampeanas preserve excellent exposures of magmatic structures that formed as magmas stepped through different rheological states during pluton growth and solidification. These structures reveal not only the flow pattern inside magma chambers, but also the rheological evolution of magmas in response to temperature evolution.

Cretaceous plutonic rocks in the Donner Lake-Cisco Grove area, northern Sierra Nevada, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kulow, Matthew J.; Hanson, Richard E.; Girty, Gary H.; Girty, Melissa S.; Harwood, David S.

1998-01-01

The northernmost occurrences of extensive, glaciated exposures of the Sierra Nevada batholith occur in the Donner Lake-Cisco Grove area of the northern Sierra Nevada. The plutonic rocks in this area, which are termed here the Castle Valley plutonic assemblage, crop out over an area of 225 km2 and for the most part are shown as a single undifferentiated mass on previously published geological maps. In the present work, the plutonic assemblage is divided into eight separate intrusive units or lithodemes, two of which each consist of two separate plutons. Compositions are dominantly granodiorite and tonalite, but diorite and granite form small plutons in places. Spectacular examples of comb layering and orbicular texture occur in the diorites. U-Pb zircon ages have been obtained for all but one of the main units and range from ~120 to 114 Ma, indicating that the entire assemblage was emplaced in a narrow time frame in the Early Cretaceous. This is consistent with abundant field evidence that many of the individual phases were intruded penecontemporaneously. The timing of emplacement correlates with onset of major Cretaceous plutonism in the main part of the Sierra Nevada batholith farther south. The emplacement ages also are similar to isotopic ages for gold-quartz mineralization in the Sierran foothills west of the study area, suggesting a direct genetic relationship between the voluminous Early Cretaceous plutonism and hydrothermal gold mineralization.

Pathogenic role of mtDNA duplications in mitochondrial diseases associated with mtDNA deletions.

PubMed

Odoardi, Francesca; Rana, Michele; Broccolini, Aldobrando; Mirabella, Massimiliano; Modoni, Anna; D'Amico, Adele; Papacci, Manuela; Tonali, Pietro; Servidei, Serenella; Silvestri, Gabriella

2003-04-30

We estimated the frequency of multiple mtDNA rearrangements by Southern blot in 32 patients affected by mitochondrial disorders associated with single deletions in order to assess genotype-phenotype correlations and elucidate the pathogenic significance of mtDNA duplications. Muscle in situ hybridization studies were performed in patients showing mtDNA duplications at Southern blot. We found multiple rearrangements in 12/32 (37.5%) patients; in particular, mtDNA duplications were detected in 4/4 Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), in 1 Pearson's syndrome, in 1/3 encephalomyopathies with progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), and in 2/23 PEO. In situ studies documented an exclusive accumulation of deleted mtDNAs in cytochrome c oxidase negative fibers of patients with mtDNA duplications. The presence of mtDNA duplications significantly correlated with onset of symptoms before age 15 and occurrence of clinical multisystem involvement. Analysis of biochemical data documented a predominant reduction of complex III in patients without duplications compared to patients with mtDNA duplications. Our data indicate that multiple mtDNA rearrangements are detectable in a considerable proportion of patients with single deletions and that mtDNA duplications do not cause any oxidative impairment. They more likely play a pathogenic role in the determination of clinical expression of mitochondrial diseases associated with single mtDNA deletions, possibly generating deleted mtDNAs in embryonic tissues by homologous recombination. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Advice Networks and Local Diffusion of Technological Innovations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barahona, Juan Carlos; Pentland, Alex Sandy

Classical writers such as John Stuart Mill and Karl Marx speculated that the standard of living could not rise indefinitely unless advances in technology increased the yield of the means of production. Neoclassical growth theory, based on capital accumulation, supports this intuition [1]. Digital tools increase personal productivity. Communication technologies enhance the coordination among individuals and increase the efficacy and efficiency of collective efforts. In both ways, technology contributes with wealth creation and the overall welfare of the community.

The Power of PreK-3rd: How a Small Foundation Helped Push Washington State to the Forefront of the PreK-3rd Movement. FCD Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nyhan, Paul

2011-01-01

The New School Foundation was not born from a commission, legislative mandate, research project, think tank, or even the mind of a leading education scholar. One of Washington state's pioneering PreK-3rd initiatives began as the brainchild of a wealthy Seattle businessman, Stuart Sloan, 20 years ago. The New School Foundation and its ideas were…

Efficient Aviation Security: Strengthening the Analytic Foundation for Making Air Transportation Security Decisions

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Martin B. Zimmerman, “Market Incentives for Safe Commercial Airline Operation,” American Economic Review, Vol. 78, No. 5, 1988, pp. 913–935. Bosch...Modeling,” in Stuart Johnson, Martin C. Libicki, and Gregory F. Treverton, eds., New Challenges, New Tools for Defense Decisionmaking, Santa Monica, Calif...677–725. Persico, Nicola, and Petra E. Todd, “Passenger Profiling, Imperfect Screening, and Airport Security,” American Economic Review, Vol. 95

Phosphoproteomic Assessment of Therapeutic Kinases for Personalized Therapy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

Huang J , Witte ON (2016) Functional Screen Identifies Kinases Driving Prostate Cancer Visceral and Bone Metastasis. PNAS. 113(2):E172-E181. PMCID...Faltermeier CM, Carlin DE, Flemming DT, Wong CK, Newton Y, Sudha S, Vashisht AA, Huang J , Wohlschlegel JA, Graeber TG, Witte ON#, Stuart JM# (2016...Pitteri S, Huang J , Witte ON (2016) Activation of Notch1 Synergizes with Multiple Pathways in Promoting Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer. PNAS. In

The Minnesota Innovation Research Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-04-01

Stuart Albert has developed a TRACE relations framework for the study of innovation. T R A C E is an acronym for a set of hypothetical relations between...TRACE model by considering the relationships in a different order, A, E , R , C , T. An innovation can link the future with the past or present state of...of addition and complimentary relations). Furthermore, across temporal events, the innovation may consist of different permutations of T R A C E -- it

Artist's concept of Apollo 14 Command/Service Modules circling Moon

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-01-11

S71-16574 (11 Jan. 1971) --- An artist's concept depicting the Apollo 14 Command and Service Modules (CSM) circling the moon as the Lunar Module (LM) heads toward a lunar landing. While astronaut Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot, remains with the CSM in lunar orbit, astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot, will descend in the LM to explore an area in the rugged Fra Mauro highlands.

Advancing U.S. Foreign Policy Through Homeland Security: The Logic for International Training and Professional Exchanges

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

the liberal international relations theory from the political and philosophical theories of John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, and Immanuel... theory and usefulness of such global diplomacy and the practice of police exchanges with many different countries throughout the world is the Los Angeles...by Jon Hall . In the article, Hall notes, the art of persuasion was a major part of the ancients educational system and the ancients understood that

Deployed Flight Test of the Iraqi Air Force Comp Air 7SLX (CA-7)

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-02-28

making. 15. SUBJECT TERMS CA-7 aircraft; Comp Air 7SLX aircraft; Iraq; developmental test and evaluation; turboprop aircraft; composite aircraft...high-wing, six-seat composite aircraft was powered by a Walter M601 657 horsepower turboprop engine. The engine, manufactured in the Czech Republic...Major Charles Stuart Farmer of the AFFTC’s Safety Office, who had experience with the small, turboprop - powered Beechcraft T-6 Texan II, was the

Ready to Succeed in the Classroom: Summary Report. Teachers' Advice, Strategies and Tips to Help Students in the Foster Care System Succeed in the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning, 2010

2010-01-01

The issue of improving educational outcomes for children and youth in foster care is receiving some long-overdue attention, but the voices of classroom teachers have not been prominent in the discussions so far. To help fill this gap, a team from the Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning and funded by the Stuart Foundation convened six…

Fyn: A Key Regulator of Metastasis in Prostate Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

CSMC with Drs. Leland Chung, Michael Freeman, Neil Bhowmick, Beatrice Knudsen, Hyung Kim, Dolores DiVizio, Howard Sandler, and Stuart Holden... Heath EI, Posadas EM, Yu EY, Harrison MR, Bruce JY, Cho SY, Wilding GE, Fetterly GJ, Hangauer DG, Kwan MF, Dyster LM, Carducci MA. A phase 2 study of...assays of Fyn and Met Neil Bhowmick, PhD- cysteine as a biomarker in PCa (forthcoming clinical trial) Beatrice Knudsen, MD-PhD- MET/SRC/FYN

An Analysis and Comparison of Two Short Writings: "Inaugural Address at the University of St. Andrew's" by J.S. Mill and "The University of Utopia" by R.M. Hutchins, Based on Five Criteria.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poirier, Jeannine M.

Focusing on the concept of education for work vs. education for living, the author presents a comparative analysis of two works on liberal education, each of which was originally delivered orally to university students: "The Inaugural Address at the University of St. Andrew" by John Stuart Mill and "The University of Utopia" by…

Apollo 14 prime crew aboard NASA Motor Vessel Retriever during training

NASA Image and Video Library

1970-10-24

S70-51699 (24 Oct. 1970) --- The prime crew of the Apollo 14 lunar landing mission relaxes aboard the NASA motor vessel retriever, prior to participating in water egress training in the Gulf of Mexico. Left to right are astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot; and Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot. They are standing by a Command Module (CM) trainer which was used in the exercises.

Live Blogging Science News: The Rosetta Mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clark, S.

2016-03-01

When one of the world's most popular online news websites decides to cover a space science event live, you know that something big is brewing. Stuart Clark reports on how live blogging can be used for science reporting and how an idea that was triggered by his observations during the Rosetta flyby of the asteroid Lutetia and the landing of the Curiosity rover on Mars led to him live blogging two of Rosetta's most memorable occasions for The Guardian newspaper.

Apollo 14 Mission image - View of Astronaut Mitchell and the Modular Equipment Transporter with the Lunar Module in background.

NASA Image and Video Library

1971-02-06

AS14-64-9140 (6 Feb. 1971) --- Astronaut Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot, participates in the mission's second extravehicular activity (EVA). He is standing near the modularized equipment transporter (MET). While astronauts Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander, and Mitchell descended in the Apollo 14 LM to explore the moon, astronaut Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot, remained with the Command and Service Modules (CSM) in lunar orbit.

Studies on a family with combined functional deficiencies of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors.

PubMed Central

Goldsmith, G H; Pence, R E; Ratnoff, O D; Adelstein, D J; Furie, B

1982-01-01

Two siblings with m ild hemorrhagic symptoms had combined functional deficiencies of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Prothrombin (0.18-0.20 U/ml) and Stuart factor (Factor X, 0.18-0.20 U/ml) and Stuart factor (Factor X, 0.18-0.20 U/ml) were most severely affected. Antigenic amounts of affected coagulation factors were normal and normal generation of thrombin activity occurred in the patients' plasmas after treatment with nonophysiologic activators that do not require calcium for prothrombin activation. Hepatobilary disease, malabsorptive disorders, and plasma warfarin were not present. Both parents had normal levels of all coagulation factors. The patients' plasmas contained prothrombin that reacted both with antibody directed against des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin and native prothrombin. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis of patients' plasmas and studies of partially purified patient prothrombin suggested the presence of a relatively homogeneous species of dysfunctional prothrombin, distinct from the heterologous species found in the plasma of warfarin-treated persons. These studies are most consistent with a posttranslational defect in hepatic carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent factors. This kindred uniquely possesses an autosomal recessive disorder of vitamin K-dependent factor formation that causes production of an apparently homogeneous species of dysfunctional prothrombin; the functional deficiencies in clotting factors are totally corrected by oral or parenteral administration of vitamin K1. Images PMID:7085873

Stable amplitude chimera states in a network of locally coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Premalatha, K.; Chandrasekar, V. K.; Senthilvelan, M.; Lakshmanan, M.

2018-03-01

We investigate the occurrence of collective dynamical states such as transient amplitude chimera, stable amplitude chimera, and imperfect breathing chimera states in a locally coupled network of Stuart-Landau oscillators. In an imperfect breathing chimera state, the synchronized group of oscillators exhibits oscillations with large amplitudes, while the desynchronized group of oscillators oscillates with small amplitudes, and this behavior of coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized oscillations fluctuates with time. Then, we analyze the stability of the amplitude chimera states under various circumstances, including variations in system parameters and coupling strength, and perturbations in the initial states of the oscillators. For an increase in the value of the system parameter, namely, the nonisochronicity parameter, the transient chimera state becomes a stable chimera state for a sufficiently large value of coupling strength. In addition, we also analyze the stability of these states by perturbing the initial states of the oscillators. We find that while a small perturbation allows one to perturb a large number of oscillators resulting in a stable amplitude chimera state, a large perturbation allows one to perturb a small number of oscillators to get a stable amplitude chimera state. We also find the stability of the transient and stable amplitude chimera states and traveling wave states for an appropriate number of oscillators using Floquet theory. In addition, we also find the stability of the incoherent oscillation death states.

Family-Only Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review.

PubMed

Petersson, Joakim; Strand, Susanne J M

2018-01-01

This article presents the first systematic review of family-only intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators (as originally proposed by Holtzworth-Munroe & Stuart). The aims of the present review were to summarize and describe the prevalence of the family-only perpetrator subtype, as well as to investigate what characteristics were associated with perpetrators within this subtype. Electronic literature searches in several databases (e.g., PsychINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed) were carried out. Of the 3,434 studies identified, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria as well as the methodological quality criteria. Thematic analyses were conducted, where several themes and subthemes were identified. The proportion of family-only perpetrators, averaged across sample types, was 47.5%. Drawing on the thematic analyses of the reviewed studies, family-only perpetrators presented as a less violent subtype, displaying several pro-social personality traits, as well as a lower degree of psychopathology. The findings were in line with Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart's predictions. The findings also demonstrated the utility of a 2-fold typology, consisting of a family-only and a generally violent (GV) subtype, as well as the need to reconsider the one-size-fits-all approach to IPV treatment. We also included a discussion of the terminology of the subtypes and propose an adoption of the terms "partner only violent" and "generally violent" subtypes.

Stable amplitude chimera states in a network of locally coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators.

PubMed

Premalatha, K; Chandrasekar, V K; Senthilvelan, M; Lakshmanan, M

2018-03-01

We investigate the occurrence of collective dynamical states such as transient amplitude chimera, stable amplitude chimera, and imperfect breathing chimera states in a locally coupled network of Stuart-Landau oscillators. In an imperfect breathing chimera state, the synchronized group of oscillators exhibits oscillations with large amplitudes, while the desynchronized group of oscillators oscillates with small amplitudes, and this behavior of coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized oscillations fluctuates with time. Then, we analyze the stability of the amplitude chimera states under various circumstances, including variations in system parameters and coupling strength, and perturbations in the initial states of the oscillators. For an increase in the value of the system parameter, namely, the nonisochronicity parameter, the transient chimera state becomes a stable chimera state for a sufficiently large value of coupling strength. In addition, we also analyze the stability of these states by perturbing the initial states of the oscillators. We find that while a small perturbation allows one to perturb a large number of oscillators resulting in a stable amplitude chimera state, a large perturbation allows one to perturb a small number of oscillators to get a stable amplitude chimera state. We also find the stability of the transient and stable amplitude chimera states and traveling wave states for an appropriate number of oscillators using Floquet theory. In addition, we also find the stability of the incoherent oscillation death states.

John Stuart Mill, innate differences, and the regulation of reproduction.

PubMed

Paul, Diane B; Day, Benjamin

2008-06-01

In this paper, we show that the question of the relative importance of innate characteristics and institutional arrangements in explaining human difference was vehemently contested in Britain during the first half of the nineteenth century. Thus Sir Francis Galton's work of the 1860s should be seen as an intervention in a pre-existing controversy. The central figure in these earlier debates-as well as many later ones-was the philosopher and economist John Stuart Mill. In Mill's view, human nature was fundamentally shaped by history and culture, factors that accounted for most mental and behavioral differences between men and women and among people of different classes, nationalities, and races. Indeed, Mill's whole program of social reform depended on the assumption that human differences were not fixed by nature. To identify the leading figures in these disputes about difference and the concrete context in which they occurred, we explore three debates in which Mill played a key role: over the capacities and rights of women, the viability of peasant proprietorship in India and Ireland, and the status of black labor in Jamaica. The last two draw our attention to the important colonial context of the nature-nurture debate. We also show that ideas that for us seem of a piece were not always linked for these earlier thinkers, nor did views on innateness necessarily have the political correlates that we now take for granted.

Adjusting MtDNA Quantification in Whole Blood for Peripheral Blood Platelet and Leukocyte Counts.

PubMed

Hurtado-Roca, Yamilee; Ledesma, Marta; Gonzalez-Lazaro, Monica; Moreno-Loshuertos, Raquel; Fernandez-Silva, Patricio; Enriquez, Jose Antonio; Laclaustra, Martin

2016-01-01

Alterations of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in the blood (mitochondrial to nuclear DNA ratio) appear associated with several systemic diseases, including primary mitochondrial disorders, carcinogenesis, and hematologic diseases. Measuring mtDNAcn in DNA extracted from whole blood (WB) instead of from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or buffy coat may yield different results due to mitochondrial DNA present in platelets. The aim of this work is to quantify the contribution of platelets to mtDNAcn in whole blood [mtDNAcn(WB)] and to propose a correction formula to estimate leukocytes' mtDNAcn [mtDNAcn(L)] from mtDNAcn(WB). Blood samples from 10 healthy adults were combined with platelet-enriched plasma and saline solution to produce artificial blood preparations. Aliquots of each sample were combined with five different platelet concentrations. In 46 of these blood preparations, mtDNAcn was measured by qPCR. MtDNAcn(WB) increased 1.07 (95%CI 0.86, 1.29; p<0.001) per 1000 platelets present in the preparation. We proved that leukocyte count should also be taken into account as mtDNAcn(WB) was inversely associated with leukocyte count; it increased 1.10 (95%CI 0.95, 1.25, p<0.001) per unit increase of the ratio between platelet and leukocyte counts. If hematological measurements are available, subtracting 1.10 the platelets/leukocyte ratio from mtDNAcn(WB) may serve as an estimation for mtDNAcn(L). Both platelet and leukocyte counts in the sample are important sources of variation if comparing mtDNAcn among groups of patients when mtDNAcn is measured in DNA extracted from whole blood. Not taking the platelet/leukocyte ratio into account in whole blood measurements, may lead to overestimation and misclassification if interpreted as leukocytes' mtDNAcn.

Feasibility study of a combined treatment of electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation and mirror therapy in stroke patients: a randomized crossover trial.

PubMed

Kojima, Kosuke; Ikuno, Koki; Morii, Yuta; Tokuhisa, Kentaro; Morimoto, Shigeru; Shomoto, Koji

2014-01-01

Mirror therapy (MT) and electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation (ETMS) are both effective treatments for impaired upper limbs following stroke. A combination of these two treatments (ETMS-MT) may result in greater gain than either treatment alone. The feasibility and possible effects of ETMS-MT upon upper extremity function were investigated in stroke patients. Thirteen post-acute stroke patients were randomly assigned to an immediate ETMS-MT group or a delayed ETMS-MT group and then underwent an 8-week training program. The immediate ETMS-MT group received ETMS-MT in addition to physical and occupational therapy (PT+OT) for 4 weeks. They then received only PT+OT for the next 4 weeks. In the delayed ETMS-MT group, interventions were provided in the reverse order. The main outcome measure was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). The immediate ETMS-MT group showed significantly greater gain in FMA in the first 4 weeks. The delayed ETMS-MT group showed significantly greater gain in active range of motion during the latter 4 weeks. No adverse effects were reported following ETMS-MT. ETMS-MT might be as effective as independent MT or ETMS without causing any side effects. Future research should focus upon the direct comparisons between independent and combined interventions.

Genome sequence of two members of the chloroaromatic-degrading MT community: Pseudomonas reinekei MT1 and Achromobacter xylosoxidans MT3.

PubMed

Gutierrez-Urrutia, Izabook; Miossec, Matthieu J; Valenzuela, Sandro L; Meneses, Claudio; Dos Santos, Vitor A P Martins; Castro-Nallar, Eduardo; Poblete-Castro, Ignacio

2018-06-10

We describe the genome sequence of Pseudomonas reinekei MT1 and Achromobacter xylosoxidans MT3, the most abundant members of a bacterial community capable of degrading chloroaromatic compounds. The MT1 genome contains open reading frames encoding enzymes responsible for the catabolism of chlorosalicylate, methylsalicylate, chlorophenols, phenol, benzoate, p-coumarate, phenylalanine, and phenylacetate. On the other hand, the MT3 strain genome possesses no ORFs to metabolize chlorosalicylates; instead the bacterium is capable of metabolizing nitro-phenolic and phenolic compounds, which can be used as the only carbon and energy source by MT3. We also confirmed that MT3 displays the genetic machinery for the metabolism of chlorocathecols and chloromuconates, where the latter are toxic compounds secreted by MT1 when degrading chlorosalicylates. Altogether, this work will advance our fundamental understanding of bacterial interactions. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Combining afferent stimulation and mirror therapy for rehabilitating motor function, motor control, ambulation, and daily functions after stroke.

PubMed

Lin, Keh-chung; Huang, Pai-chuan; Chen, Yu-ting; Wu, Ching-yi; Huang, Wen-ling

2014-02-01

Mirror therapy (MT) and mesh glove (MG) afferent stimulation may be effective in reducing motor impairment after stroke. A hybrid intervention of MT combined with MG (MT + MG) may broaden aspects of treatment benefits. To demonstrate the comparative effects of MG + MT, MT, and a control treatment (CT) on the outcomes of motor impairments, manual dexterity, ambulation function, motor control, and daily function. Forty-three chronic stroke patients with mild to moderate upper extremity impairment were randomly assigned to receive MT + MG, MT, or CT for 1.5 hours/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Outcome measures were the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and muscle tone measured by Myoton-3 for motor impairment and the Box and Block Test (BBT) and 10-Meter Walk Test (10 MWT) for motor function. Secondary outcomes included kinematic parameters for motor control and the Motor Activity Log and ABILHAND Questionnaire for daily function. FMA total scores were significantly higher and synergistic shoulder abduction during reach was less in the MT + MG and MT groups compared with the CT group. Performance on the BBT and the 10 MWT (velocity and stride length in self-paced task and velocity in as-quickly-as-possible task) were improved after MT + MG compared with MT. MT + MG improved manual dexterity and ambulation. MT + MG and MT reduced motor impairment and synergistic shoulder abduction more than CT. Future studies may integrate functional task practice into treatments to enhance functional outcomes in patients with various levels of motor severity. The long-term effects of MG + MT remain to be evaluated.

Metallothionein turnover in mammalian cell lines: implications in drug resistance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Monia, B.P.; Butt, T.R.; Ecker, D.J.

1986-05-01

Metallothioneins (MT) are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich proteins believed to participate in metal detoxification. A wide variety of cells in culture have been shown to accumulate MT in response to metal administration. These metal-induced increases in MT levels result from an increased rate of MT gene transcription, MT mRNA accumulation, and MT synthesis. Turnover of Cd-, Zn- and Au-induced MT was studied in a Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell line which was resistant to Cd and the Au-containing drug Auranofin (AF). Cd, Zn and Au were potent inducers of MT mRNA and accumulated approximately equal amounts of mRNA under themore » conditions employed in this study. Pulse-chase studies utilizing (/sup 35/S)cysteine revealed that the half-life of Au-, Zn- and Cd-induced MT was 0.75, 10 and 24 hrs. respectively. The reported differences in the tertiary structure of Au-MT from that of Cd-MT lead us to propose that the differences in half-lives observed reflect differences in subceptibility to intracellular proteolysis, which in turn, may effect the ability of MT to confer resistance to various metals.« less

Multi scale modeling of 2450MHz electric field effects on microtubule mechanical properties.

PubMed

Setayandeh, S S; Lohrasebi, A

2016-11-01

Microtubule (MT) rigidity and response to 2450MHz electric fields were investigated, via multi scale modeling approach. For this purpose, six systems were designed and simulated to consider all types of feasible interactions between α and β monomers in MT, by using all atom molecular dynamics method. Subsequently, coarse grain modeling was used to design different lengths of MT. Investigation of effects of external 2450MHz electric field on MT showed MT less rigidity in the presence of such field, which may perturb its functions. Moreover, an additional computational setup was designed to study effects of 2450MHz field on MT response to AFM tip. It was found, more tip velocity led to MT faster transformation and less time was required to change MT elastic response to plastic one, applying constant radius. Moreover it was observed smaller tip caused to increase required time to change MT elastic response to plastic one, considering constant velocity. Furthermore, exposing MT to 2450MHz field led to no significant changes in MT response to AFM tip, but quick change in MT elastic response to plastic one. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Evaluating use and outcomes of mobility technology: a multiple stakeholder analysis.

PubMed

Hammel, Joy; Southall, Kenneth; Jutai, Jeffrey; Finlayson, Marcia; Kashindi, Gabriel; Fok, Daniel

2013-07-01

This qualitative, multi-site study compared and contrasted the outcomes of mobility technology (MT) and the factors influencing these outcomes from the perspective of MT users, caregivers, and professionals involved in MT service delivery. Qualitative focus groups were held in the USA and Canada with multiple stakeholder groups (consumer: n = 45, caregiver: n = 10, service provider: n = 10). Data were analyzed thematically. MT outcomes were conceptualized by participants as a match between expectations for MT and the actual outcomes experienced. Several factors influenced the match including a) MT features, b) environmental factors (e.g. built/physical environment, societal context of acceptance, MT delivery systems/policies), and c) the ability to self-manage the interaction across person, technology and environment, which involved constant negotiation and strategizing. Stakeholders identified MT outcomes that corresponded to ICF levels including body structure and function, activity, and participation across environments; however, varied on their importance and influence on MT impact. The conceptual fit model and factors related to self-management of MT represent new knowledge and provide a framework for stakeholder-based evaluation of MT outcomes. Implications for MT assessment, service delivery, outcomes research, and interventions are discussed.

Deoxynucleoside salvage enzymes and tissue specific mitochondrial DNA depletion.

PubMed

Wang, L

2010-06-01

Adequate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies are required for normal mitochondria function and reductions in mtDNA copy number due to genetic alterations cause tissue-specific mtDNA depletion syndrome (MDS). There are eight nuclear genes, directly or indirectly involved in mtDNA replication and mtDNA precursor synthesis, which have been identified as the cause of MDS. However, the tissue specific pathology of these nuclear gene mutations is not well understood. Here, mtDNA synthesis, mtDNA copy number control, and mtDNA turnover, as well as the synthesis of mtDNA precursors in relation to the levels of salvage enzymes are discussed. The question why MDS caused by TK2 and p53R2 mutations are predominantly muscle specific while dGK deficiency affected mainly liver will be addressed.

New constraints on the Pan-African tectonics and the role of the Mwembeshi Zone in Central Zambia: Deformation style and timing of two orthogonal shortening events

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Naydenov, Kalin; Lehmann, Jeremie; Saalmann, Kerstin; Milani, Lorenzo; Kinnaird, Judith; Charlesworth, Guy; Rankin, William; Frei, Dirk

2014-05-01

In Central Zambia the Mwembeshi Zone (MwZ) separates two branches of the Late Neoproterozoic - Cambrian Pan-African Orogen: the NE-convex Lufilian Arc and the E-W trending Zambezi Belt whose distinct features emphasize the role of the zone as a regional structural and metamorphic boundary. North of the MwZ, the Hook Batholith was emplaced within the low metamorphic grade Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks, and represents the largest Pan-African intrusion in Southern Africa. The granitoids and their host-rocks were affected by two deformation events. During the D1 deformation of E-W shortening, two high-strained zones developed in the batholith. To the NE, the Nalusanga Zone (NZ) is a ~3 km wide NW-striking subvertical sinistral strike-slip shear zone. To the SW, a ~2.5 km wide N-S trending subvertical pure-shear Itezhi-Tezhi Zone (ITZ) formed. In both structures, the granitoids show a smooth transition from weakly deformed rocks to porphyroclastic mylonites. Microstructural analysis defined them as medium metamorphic grade zones, deforming the granitoids at temperatures between 500 and 550°C. The lower greenschist facies metamorphism in the country rocks indicates that the deformation occurred during the cooling of the granitoids. D1 in the metasedimentary rocks east of the Hook batholith formed tight, upright folds with subvertical axial-planar cleavage and NNW-SSE trending axis consistent with the E-W shortening. U-Pb zircon geochronology and cross-cutting relationships between granites bracket D1 deformation between 549 ± 2 Ma and 541 ± 3 Ma in the NZ and in the SE part of the batholith. In the ITZ, the 533 ± 3 Ma age on a deformed granite indicates prolonged E-W shortening during granite emplacement and cooling history. D2 represents a stage of N-S shortening. Airborne geophysical data revealed bending of the N-S trending ITZ and rotation to the east. The D1 structures in the granitoids are cut by D2 north-vergent thrusts and subvertical NW trending dextral strike-slip zones. East of the granite, D2 resulted in E-W trending open folds that refolded the D1 structures. This folding becomes more intense and the folds are tighter when approaching the MwZ to the south. Along the MwZ, the molasse rocks, deposited after D1 (post ~528 Ma, based on new detrital-zircon ages), recorded high-strain greenschist facies coaxial deformation and the formation of E-W trending isoclinal folds with a steep south-dipping axial planar cleavage. This study shows that the area north of the MwZ is characterised by two orthogonal contraction events. The newly described D1 event of E-W shortening in the Hook area cannot be correlated with any of the published Pan-African tectonic models for the Lufilian Arc and Zambezi Belt. The D2 event of N-S shortening affected the region in response to the final docking between the Lufilian Arc and the Zambezi Belt. The strongest effect of this event was observed along the MwZ, which, during this stage, was a zone of intense coaxial deformation.

Petrology and geochemistry of late-stage intrusions of the A-type, mid-Proterozoic Pikes Peak batholith (Central Colorado, USA): Implications for petrogenetic models

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith, D.R.; Noblett, J.; Wobus, R.A.; Unruh, D.; Douglass, J.; Beane, R.; Davis, C.; Goldman, S.; Kay, G.; Gustavson, B.; Saltoun, B.; Stewart, J.

1999-01-01

The ~1.08 Ga anorogenic, A-type Pikes Peak batholith (Front Range, central Colorado) is dominated by coarse-grained, biotite ?? amphibole syenogranites and minor monzogranites, collectively referred to as Pikes Peak granite (PPG). The batholith is also host to numerous small, late-stage plutons that have been subdivided into two groups (e.g. Wobus, 1976. Studies in Colorado Field Geology, Colorado School of Mines Professional Contributions, Colorado): (1) a sodic series (SiO2= ~44-78 wt%; K/Na=0.32-1.36) composed of gabbro, diabase, syenite/quartz syenite and fayalite and sodic amphibole granite; and (2) a potassic series (SiO2= ~ 70-77 wt%; K/Na=0.95-2.05), composed of biotite granite and minor quartz monzonite. Differences in major and trace element and Nd isotopic characteristics for the two series indicate different petrogenetic histories. Potassic granites of the late-stage intrusions appear to represent crustal anatectic melts derived from tonalite sources, based on comparison of their major element compositions with experimental melt products. In addition, Nd isotopic characteristics of the potassic granites [??(Nd)(1.08 Ga) = -0.2 to -2.7] overlap with those for tonalites/granodiorites [ca 1.7 Ga Boulder Creek intrusions; ??(Nd)(1.08 Ga) = -2.4 to -3.6] exposed in the region. Some of the partial melts evolved by fractionation dominated by feldspar. The late-stage potassic granites share geochemical characteristics with most of the PPG, which is also interpreted to have an anatectic origin involving tonalitic crust. The origin of monzogranites associated with the PPG remains unclear, but mixing between granitic and mafic or intermediate magmas is a possibility. Syenites and granites of the sodic series cannot be explained as crustal melts, but are interpreted as fractionation products of mantle-derived mafic magmas with minor crustal input. High temperature and low oxygen fugacity estimates (e.g. Frost et al., 1988. American Mineralogist 73, 727-740) support a basalt fractionation origin, as do ??(Nd) values for sodic granitoids [??(Nd)(1.08 Ga) = +2.2 to -0.7], which are higher than ??(Nd) values for Colorado crust at 1.08 Ga (ca -1.0 to -4.0). Enrichments in incompatible elements (e.g. rare earth elements, Rb, Y) and depletions in compatible elements (e.g. Cr, Sr, Ba) in the sodic granitoids compared to coeval mafic rocks are also consistent with fractionation. Accessory mineral fractionation, release of fluorine-rich volatiles and/or removal of pegmatitic fluids could have modified abundances of Ce, Nb, Zr and Y in some sodic granitoid magmas. Gabbros and mafic dikes associated with the sodic granitoids have ??(Nd)(1.08 Ga) of -3.0 to +3.5, which are lower than depleted mantle at 1.08 Ga, and their trace element characteristics suggest derivation from mantle sources that were previously affected by subduction-related processes. However, it is difficult to characterize the mantle component in these magmas, because assimilation of crust during magma ascent could also result in their observed geochemical features. The Pikes Peak batholith is composed of at least two petrogenetically different granite types, both of which exhibit geochemical characteristics typical of A-type granites. Models proposed for the petrogenesis of the granitoids imply the existence of mafic rocks at depth and addition of juvenile material to the crust in central Colorado at ~ 1.1 Ga.

Mesozoic to Cenozoic magmatic history of the Pamir

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chapman, James B.; Scoggin, Shane H.; Kapp, Paul; Carrapa, Barbara; Ducea, Mihai N.; Worthington, James; Oimahmadov, Ilhomjon; Gadoev, Mustafo

2018-01-01

New geochronologic, geochemical, and isotopic data for Mesozoic to Cenozoic igneous rocks and detrital minerals from the Pamir Mountains help to distinguish major regional magmatic episodes and constrain the tectonic evolution of the Pamir orogenic system. After final accretion of the Central and South Pamir terranes during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic, the Pamir was largely amagmatic until the emplacement of the intermediate (SiO2 > 60 wt.%), calc-alkaline, and isotopically evolved (-13 to -5 zircon εHf(t)) South Pamir batholith between 120-100 Ma, which is the most volumetrically significant magmatic complex in the Pamir and includes a high flux magmatic event at ∼105 Ma. The South Pamir batholith is interpreted as the northern (inboard) equivalent of the Cretaceous Karakoram batholith and the along-strike equivalent of an Early Cretaceous magmatic belt in the northern Lhasa terrane in Tibet. The northern Lhasa terrane is characterized by a similar high-flux event at ∼110 Ma. Migration of continental arc magmatism into the South Pamir terrane during the mid-Cretaceous is interpreted to reflect northward directed, low-angle to flat-slab subduction of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. Late Cretaceous magmatism (80-70 Ma) in the Pamir is scarce, but concentrated in the Central and northern South Pamir terranes where it is comparatively more mafic (SiO2 < 60 wt.%), alkaline, and isotopically juvenile (-2 to +2 zircon εHf(t)) than the South Pamir batholith. Late Cretaceous magmatism in the Pamir is interpreted here to be the result of extension associated with roll-back of the Neotethyan oceanic slab, which is consistent with similarly aged extension-related magmatism in the Karakoram terrane and Kohistan. There is an additional pulse of magmatism in the Pamir at 42-36 Ma that is geographically restricted (∼150 km diameter ellipsoidal area) and referred to as the Vanj magmatic complex. The Vanj complex comprises metaluminous, high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic monzonite, syenite, and granite that is adakitic (La/YbN = 13 to 57) with low Mg# (35-41). The Vanj complex displays a range of SiO2 (54-75 wt.%) and isotopic compositions (-7 to -3 εNd(i), 0.706 to 0.710 87Sr/86Sr(i), -3 to +1 zircon εHf(i), 6.0 to 7.6‰ zircon δ18OVSMOW), which reflects some juvenile mantle input and subsequent assimilation or mixing with the Central/South Pamir terrane lower crust. The Vanj complex is speculatively interpreted to be the consequence of a mantle drip or small delamination event that was induced by India-Asia collision. The age, geochemistry, outcrop pattern, and tectonic position of the Vanj magmatic complex suggest that it is part of a series of magmatic complexes that extend for >2500 km across the Pamir and northern Qiangtang terrane in Tibet. All of these complexes are located directly south of the Tanymas-Jinsha suture zone, an important lithospheric and rheological boundary that focused mantle lithosphere deformation after India-Asia collision. Miocene magmatism (20-10 Ma) in the Pamir includes: 1) isotopically evolved migmatite and leucogranite related to crustal anataxis and decompression melting within extensional gneiss domes, and; 2) localized intra-continental magmatism in the Dunkeldik/Taxkorgan complex.

Cu-Mo-Au mineralization in Qarachilar area, Qaradagh batholith (NW Iran): Fluid inclusion and stable isotope studies and Re-Os dating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Simmonds, Vartan; Moazzen, Mohssen

2015-04-01

The Qaradagh batholith is located in NW Iran, neighboring the Meghri-Ordubad granitoid in southern Armenia. This magmatic complex is emplaced in the northwestern part of the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc, which formed through north-eastward subduction of Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust beneath the central Iranian domain in the late-Mesozoic and early-Cenozoic and hosts most of the porphyry copper deposits and prospects in Iran, such as Sarcheshmeh and Sungun. The Qaradagh batholith is comprised of Eocene-Oligocene intrusive rocks occurring as multi-episode stocks, where the dominant rock type is granodiorite. Hydrothermal alterations have also occurred in these rocks including potassic, phyllic-sericitic, argillic and propylitic alterations and silicification. These alterations are accompanied by vein-type and disseminated Cu, Mo and Au mineralization. The Qarachilar area is located in the central part of the Qaradagh batholith, which hosts mono-mineralic and quartz-sulfide veins and veinlets (several mm to <1 m thick and 50-700 m long) and silicic zones containing Cu-Mo-Au-Ag ore minerals (mainly pyrite, chalcopyrite and molybdenite). Microthermometric studies on the fluid inclusions of quartz-sulfide veins-veinlets show that the salinity ranges between 15-70 wt% NaCl, with the highest peak between 35-40 wt% NaCl. The homogenization temperature for primary 2-phase and multi-phase inclusions ranges between 220 and 540 °C. Two-phase inclusions homogenizing by vapor disappearance have TH values between 280 and 440 °C (mainly between 300 and 360 °C). A few of them homogenize into vapor state with TH values of 440-540 °C. Multi-phase inclusions show 3 types of homogenization. Most of them homogenize by simultaneous disappearance of vapor bubble and dissolution of halite daughter crystal, for which the TH value is 240-420 °C (mostly between 260 and 340 °C). Those homogenizing by halite dissolution show TH values about 220-360 °C and a few homogenizing by vapor disappearance display TH values between 300 and 360 °C. The data-point trend in TH(L-V)-Salinity plot may signify boiling of low-salinity fluids and distillation by superficial fluids. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ore-forming magmatic-hydrothermal aqueous fluids have most likely experienced boiling and also mixed with low temperature and low salinity superficial fluids. Occurrence of boiling is also supported by the coexistence of liquid-rich and vapor-rich 2-phase inclusions as well as multi-phase halite-bearing inclusions which homogenize in a similar range of TH. The calculated minimum pressure at the time of entrapment is estimated about 50 to 120 bar, which is equal to the hydrostatic depth of 500-1100 m. Stable isotope studies of O, H and S on the quartz and sulfide samples taken from quartz-sulfide veins-veinlets reveal a magmatic origin for the ore-bearing fluid and its sulfur content. The δ18O values for quartz and fluid are about 11.13-12.47 ‰ and 5.78-6.89 ‰ (SMOW), respectively, the δD values are about -93 and -50 ‰ and the δ34S values of sulfide minerals are about -1.37-0.49‰ (VCDT). Re-Os model ages calculated for molybdenite samples range between 25.19±0.19 and 31.22±0.28 Ma, referring to middle-late Oligocene, contemporaneous with the third metallogenic epoch in the Lesser Caucasus (especially Kadjaran and Paragachai PCDs in South Armenian Block).