Effects of Deployment on the Mental Health of Service Members at Fort Hood

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-06

167) Once (n= 1498) More Than Once (n=566) Characteristic 11 Percent n Percent n Percent Gender Male 120 71.9 1150 76.8 439 77.6 Female 47 28.1 348...4,5,6,7,9,10,13,14,15,16) and item 2 in the provider section. Gender was coded as ŕ" for female and Ŕ" for male. The remainder of the nominal level variables...Appendix C Variables, Measures, and Coding of Data VARIBLE DESCRIPTION SPSS DATA CODE & SPSS CODE Male Gender Female FEMALE =0, MALE=1 El 01 Wi E2 02 W2 E3

An accurate evaluation of the performance of asynchronous DS-CDMA systems with zero-correlation-zone coding in Rayleigh fading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walker, Ernest; Chen, Xinjia; Cooper, Reginald L.

2010-04-01

An arbitrarily accurate approach is used to determine the bit-error rate (BER) performance for generalized asynchronous DS-CDMA systems, in Gaussian noise with Raleigh fading. In this paper, and the sequel, new theoretical work has been contributed which substantially enhances existing performance analysis formulations. Major contributions include: substantial computational complexity reduction, including a priori BER accuracy bounding; an analytical approach that facilitates performance evaluation for systems with arbitrary spectral spreading distributions, with non-uniform transmission delay distributions. Using prior results, augmented by these enhancements, a generalized DS-CDMA system model is constructed and used to evaluated the BER performance, in a variety of scenarios. In this paper, the generalized system modeling was used to evaluate the performance of both Walsh- Hadamard (WH) and Walsh-Hadamard-seeded zero-correlation-zone (WH-ZCZ) coding. The selection of these codes was informed by the observation that WH codes contain N spectral spreading values (0 to N - 1), one for each code sequence; while WH-ZCZ codes contain only two spectral spreading values (N/2 - 1,N/2); where N is the sequence length in chips. Since these codes span the spectral spreading range for DS-CDMA coding, by invoking an induction argument, the generalization of the system model is sufficiently supported. The results in this paper, and the sequel, support the claim that an arbitrary accurate performance analysis for DS-CDMA systems can be evaluated over the full range of binary coding, with minimal computational complexity.

Implementation of ASME Code, Section XI, Code Case N-770, on Alternative Examination Requirements for Class 1 Butt Welds Fabricated with Alloy 82/182

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sullivan, Edmund J.; Anderson, Michael T.

In May 2010, the NRC issued a proposed notice of rulemaking that includes a provision to add a new section to its rules to require licensees to implement ASME Code Case N-770, ‘‘Alternative Examination Requirements and Acceptance Standards for Class 1 PWR Piping and Vessel Nozzle Butt Welds Fabricated with UNS N06082 or UNS W86182 Weld Filler Material With or Without the Application of Listed Mitigation Activities, Section XI, Division 1,’’ with 15 conditions. Code Case N-770 contains baseline and inservice inspection (ISI) requirements for unmitigated butt welds fabricated with Alloy 82/182 material and preservice and ISI requirements for mitigatedmore » butt welds. The NRC stated that application of ASME Code Case N-770 is necessary because the inspections currently required by the ASME Code, Section XI, were not written to address stress corrosion cracking Alloy 82/182 butt welds, and the safety consequences of inadequate inspections can be significant. The NRC expects to issue the final rule incorporating this code case into its regulations in the spring 2011 time frame. This paper discusses the new examination requirements, the conditions that NRC is imposing , and the major concerns with implementation of the new Code Case.« less

Final Evaluation of MIPS M/500

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-11-01

recognizing common subexpressions by changing the code to read: acke (n,m) If (, - 0) return *+I; return a ker(n-1, 0 ? 1 aaker (n,.-1)); I the total code...INSTITUTE JPO PTTTSBURCH. PA 15213 N/A N/A N/O 11 TITLE (Inciude Security Class.iication) Final Evaluation of MIPS M/500 12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) Daniel V

Importance of external cause coding for injury surveillance: lessons from assessment of overexertion injuries among U.S. Army soldiers in 2014.

PubMed

Canham-Chervak, Michelle; Steelman, Ryan A; Schuh, Anna; Jones, Bruce H

2016-11-01

Injuries are a barrier to military medical readiness, and overexertion has historically been a leading mechanism of injury among active duty U.S. Army soldiers. Details are needed to inform prevention planning. The Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) was queried for unique medical encounters among active duty Army soldiers consistent with the military injury definition and assigned an overexertion external cause code (ICD-9: E927.0-E927.9) in 2014 (n=21,891). Most (99.7%) were outpatient visits and 60% were attributed specifically to sudden strenuous movement. Among the 41% (n=9,061) of visits with an activity code (ICD-9: E001-E030), running was the most common activity (n=2,891, 32%); among the 19% (n=4,190) with a place of occurrence code (ICD-9: E849.0-E849.9), the leading location was recreation/sports facilities (n=1,332, 32%). External cause codes provide essential details, but the data represented less than 4% of all injury-related medical encounters among U.S. Army soldiers in 2014. Efforts to improve external cause coding are needed, and could be aligned with training on and enforcement of ICD-10 coding guidelines throughout the Military Health System.

New quantum codes derived from a family of antiprimitive BCH codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yang; Li, Ruihu; Lü, Liangdong; Guo, Luobin

The Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes have been studied for more than 57 years and have found wide application in classical communication system and quantum information theory. In this paper, we study the construction of quantum codes from a family of q2-ary BCH codes with length n=q2m+1 (also called antiprimitive BCH codes in the literature), where q≥4 is a power of 2 and m≥2. By a detailed analysis of some useful properties about q2-ary cyclotomic cosets modulo n, Hermitian dual-containing conditions for a family of non-narrow-sense antiprimitive BCH codes are presented, which are similar to those of q2-ary primitive BCH codes. Consequently, via Hermitian Construction, a family of new quantum codes can be derived from these dual-containing BCH codes. Some of these new antiprimitive quantum BCH codes are comparable with those derived from primitive BCH codes.

Bounded-Angle Iterative Decoding of LDPC Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dolinar, Samuel; Andrews, Kenneth; Pollara, Fabrizio; Divsalar, Dariush

2009-01-01

Bounded-angle iterative decoding is a modified version of conventional iterative decoding, conceived as a means of reducing undetected-error rates for short low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. For a given code, bounded-angle iterative decoding can be implemented by means of a simple modification of the decoder algorithm, without redesigning the code. Bounded-angle iterative decoding is based on a representation of received words and code words as vectors in an n-dimensional Euclidean space (where n is an integer).

When Terminal Illness Is Worse Than Death: A Multicenter Study of Health-Care Providers' Resuscitation Desires.

PubMed

Chavez, Luis O; Einav, Sharon; Varon, Joseph

2017-11-01

To investigate how a terminal illness may affect the health-care providers' resuscitation preferences. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 9 health-care institutions located in 4 geographical regions in North and Central America, investigating attitudes toward end-of-life practices in health-care providers. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and χ 2 test for the presence of associations ( P < 0.05 being significant) and Cramer V for the strength of the association. The main outcome measured the correlation between the respondents' present code status and their preference for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in case of terminal illness. A total of 852 surveys were completed. Among the respondents, 21% (n = 180) were physicians, 36.9% (n = 317) were nurses, 10.5% (n = 90) were medical students, and 265 participants were other staff members of the institutions. Most respondents (58.3%; n = 500) desired "definitely full code" (physicians 73.2%; n = 131), only 13.8% of the respondents (physicians 8.33%; n = 15) desired "definitely no code" or "partial support," and 20.9% of the respondents (n = 179; among physicians 18.4%; n = 33) had never considered their code status. There was an association between current code status and resuscitation preference in case of terminal illness ( P < .001), but this association was overall quite weak (Cramer V = 0.180). Subgroup analysis revealed no association between current code status and terminal illness code preference among physicians ( P = .290) and nurses ( P = .316), whereupon other hospital workers were more consistent ( P < .01, Cramer V = .291). Doctors and nurses have different end-of-life preferences than other hospital workers. Their desire to undergo CPR may change when facing a terminal illness.

The Generation of Field Sensitive Interface States in Commercial CMOS Devices.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-31

R. Hevey ATTN: STEWS -TE-AN, A. De La Paz ATTN: Code 6816, R. Lambert ATTN: STEWS -TE-AN, J. Meason ATTN: STEWS -TE-AN, R. Dutchover Naval Surface...Weapons Center ATTN: STEWS -TE-AN, R. Hays ATTN: Code F30 ATTN: STEWS -TE-N, K. Cummings ATTN: Code F31 ATTN: STEWS -TE-N, T. Arellanes ATTN: Code F31, F...Warnock ATTN: STEWS -TE-NT, M. Squires ATTN: Code F31, K. Caudle ATTN: Code WA-52, R. Smith USA Missile Command ATTN: F31, J. Downs ATTN: AMSMI-SF, G

RAY-RAMSES: a code for ray tracing on the fly in N-body simulations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barreira, Alexandre; Llinares, Claudio; Bose, Sownak

2016-05-01

We present a ray tracing code to compute integrated cosmological observables on the fly in AMR N-body simulations. Unlike conventional ray tracing techniques, our code takes full advantage of the time and spatial resolution attained by the N-body simulation by computing the integrals along the line of sight on a cell-by-cell basis through the AMR simulation grid. Moroever, since it runs on the fly in the N-body run, our code can produce maps of the desired observables without storing large (or any) amounts of data for post-processing. We implemented our routines in the RAMSES N-body code and tested the implementationmore » using an example of weak lensing simulation. We analyse basic statistics of lensing convergence maps and find good agreement with semi-analytical methods. The ray tracing methodology presented here can be used in several cosmological analysis such as Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect studies as well as modified gravity. Our code can also be used in cross-checks of the more conventional methods, which can be important in tests of theory systematics in preparation for upcoming large scale structure surveys.« less

Combined trellis coding with asymmetric MPSK modulation: An MSAT-X report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, M. K.; Divsalar, D.

1985-01-01

Traditionally symmetric, multiple phase-shift-keyed (MPSK) signal constellations, i.e., those with uniformly spaced signal points around the circle, have been used for both uncoded and coded systems. Although symmetric MPSK signal constellations are optimum for systems with no coding, the same is not necessarily true for coded systems. This appears to show that by designing the signal constellations to be asymmetric, one can, in many instances, obtain a significant performance improvement over the traditional symmetric MPSK constellations combined with trellis coding. The joint design of n/(n + 1) trellis codes and asymmetric 2 sup n + 1 - point MPSK is considered, which has a unity bandwidth expansion relative to uncoded 2 sup n-point symmetric MPSK. The asymptotic performance gains due to coding and asymmetry are evaluated in terms of the minimum free Euclidean distance free of the trellis. A comparison of the maximum value of this performance measure with the minimum distance d sub min of the uncoded system is an indication of the maximum reduction in required E sub b/N sub O that can be achieved for arbitrarily small system bit-error rates. It is to be emphasized that the introduction of asymmetry into the signal set does not effect the bandwidth of power requirements of the system; hence, the above-mentioned improvements in performance come at little or no cost. MPSK signal sets in coded systems appear in the work of Divsalar.

Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment 1975-1976. Physical Oceanography Data Report, Salinity, Temperature and Depth Data, Camp Blue Fox. Volume II.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-02-01

to LM b. a w ewe%- ww re mOOc 4" o 0.NWmotvviiOf wt 00 f4Crfl ft -wm o.e. &*1 NO P..w N N o%9 a in - - -da inN 4p m a - U . .......0...V N m...200 1 Attn: Code 428AR 3 Attn: Code 420 a Director Naval Research Laboratory Washington, D.C. 20375 Attn: Library . Code 2620 1 U.S. Naval Research

Selection and Evaluation of a Real Time Monitoring System for the Bigeye Bomb Fill/Close Production Facility. Phase 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-01

and ZIP Code ) 10 SOURCE OF FUNDING NU MBERS I O KUI PROGRAM PRO ECCT TASKWOKUI E L E M E N T N O . N O .I 1 2 0 N O A 5 A C C E S S I O N N OlI I1 TITLE... source of by-products formation. Generating Data for Mathematical Modeling of Real Vapor Phase Reaction Systems (tremendously speeds multi -level, multi ...SMCC-RI1 6c AD RS(Ciry,. State, and ZIP Code ) SCRRI 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code ) IA!hrueýýt Proving Ground, MD 21010-54213 a.NMOFFUNI.DNG

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Adamek, Julian; Daverio, David; Durrer, Ruth

We present a new N-body code, gevolution , for the evolution of large scale structure in the Universe. Our code is based on a weak field expansion of General Relativity and calculates all six metric degrees of freedom in Poisson gauge. N-body particles are evolved by solving the geodesic equation which we write in terms of a canonical momentum such that it remains valid also for relativistic particles. We validate the code by considering the Schwarzschild solution and, in the Newtonian limit, by comparing with the Newtonian N-body codes Gadget-2 and RAMSES . We then proceed with a simulation ofmore » large scale structure in a Universe with massive neutrinos where we study the gravitational slip induced by the neutrino shear stress. The code can be extended to include different kinds of dark energy or modified gravity models and going beyond the usually adopted quasi-static approximation. Our code is publicly available.« less

GANDALF - Graphical Astrophysics code for N-body Dynamics And Lagrangian Fluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hubber, D. A.; Rosotti, G. P.; Booth, R. A.

2018-01-01

GANDALF is a new hydrodynamics and N-body dynamics code designed for investigating planet formation, star formation and star cluster problems. GANDALF is written in C++, parallelized with both OPENMP and MPI and contains a PYTHON library for analysis and visualization. The code has been written with a fully object-oriented approach to easily allow user-defined implementations of physics modules or other algorithms. The code currently contains implementations of smoothed particle hydrodynamics, meshless finite-volume and collisional N-body schemes, but can easily be adapted to include additional particle schemes. We present in this paper the details of its implementation, results from the test suite, serial and parallel performance results and discuss the planned future development. The code is freely available as an open source project on the code-hosting website github at https://github.com/gandalfcode/gandalf and is available under the GPLv2 license.

76 FR 6342 - n-Octyl Alcohol and n-Decyl Alcohol; Exemption From the Requirement of a Tolerance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-04

... produce sensitization in guinea pigs. A 90-day dermal toxicity study in rats with fatty alcohol blend (56... pesticide manufacturer. Potentially affected entities may include, but are not limited to: Crop production (NAICS code 111). Animal production (NAICS code 112). Food manufacturing (NAICS code 311). Pesticide...

Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in Action-Based Predictive Coding Deficits in Schizophrenia.

PubMed

Kort, Naomi S; Ford, Judith M; Roach, Brian J; Gunduz-Bruce, Handan; Krystal, John H; Jaeger, Judith; Reinhart, Robert M G; Mathalon, Daniel H

2017-03-15

Recent theoretical models of schizophrenia posit that dysfunction of the neural mechanisms subserving predictive coding contributes to symptoms and cognitive deficits, and this dysfunction is further posited to result from N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction. Previously, by examining auditory cortical responses to self-generated speech sounds, we demonstrated that predictive coding during vocalization is disrupted in schizophrenia. To test the hypothesized contribution of NMDAR hypofunction to this disruption, we examined the effects of the NMDAR antagonist, ketamine, on predictive coding during vocalization in healthy volunteers and compared them with the effects of schizophrenia. In two separate studies, the N1 component of the event-related potential elicited by speech sounds during vocalization (talk) and passive playback (listen) were compared to assess the degree of N1 suppression during vocalization, a putative measure of auditory predictive coding. In the crossover study, 31 healthy volunteers completed two randomly ordered test days, a saline day and a ketamine day. Event-related potentials during the talk/listen task were obtained before infusion and during infusion on both days, and N1 amplitudes were compared across days. In the case-control study, N1 amplitudes from 34 schizophrenia patients and 33 healthy control volunteers were compared. N1 suppression to self-produced vocalizations was significantly and similarly diminished by ketamine (Cohen's d = 1.14) and schizophrenia (Cohen's d = .85). Disruption of NMDARs causes dysfunction in predictive coding during vocalization in a manner similar to the dysfunction observed in schizophrenia patients, consistent with the theorized contribution of NMDAR hypofunction to predictive coding deficits in schizophrenia. Copyright © 2016 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mayo Registry for Telemetry Efficacy in Arrest (MR TEA) study: An analysis of code status change following cardiopulmonary arrest.

PubMed

Snipelisky, David; Ray, Jordan; Matcha, Gautam; Roy, Archana; Chirila, Razvan; Maniaci, Michael; Bosworth, Veronica; Whitman, Anastasia; Lewis, Patricia; Vadeboncoeur, Tyler; Kusumoto, Fred; Burton, M Caroline

2015-07-01

Code status discussions are important during a hospitalization, yet variation in its practice exists. No data have assessed the likelihood of patients to change code status following a cardiopulmonary arrest. A retrospective review of all patients that experienced a cardiopulmonary arrest between May 1, 2008 and June 30, 2014 at an academic medical center was performed. The proportion of code status modifications to do not resuscitate (DNR) from full code was assessed. Baseline clinical characteristics, resuscitation factors, and 24-h post-resuscitation, hospital, and overall survival rates were compared between the two subsets. A total of 157 patients survived the index event and were included. One hundred and fifteen (73.2%) patients did not have a change in code status following the index event, while 42 (26.8%) changed code status to DNR. Clinical characteristics were similar between subsets, although patients in the change to DNR subset were older (average age 67.7 years) compared to the full code subset (average age 59.2 years; p = 0.005). Patients in the DNR subset had longer overall resuscitation efforts with less attempts at defibrillation. Compared to the DNR subset, patients that remained full code demonstrated higher 24-h post-resuscitation (n = 108, 93.9% versus n = 32, 76.2%; p = 0.001) and hospital (n = 50, 43.5% versus n = 6, 14.3%; p = 0.001) survival rates. Patients in the DNR subset were more likely to have neurologic deficits on discharge and shorter overall survival. Patient code status wishes do tend to change during critical periods within a hospitalization, adding emphasis for continued code status evaluation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Scalable Video Transmission Over Multi-Rate Multiple Access Channels

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

Rate - compatible punctured convolutional codes (RCPC codes ) and their ap- plications,” IEEE...source encoded using the MPEG-4 video codec. The source encoded bitstream is then channel encoded with Rate Compatible Punctured Convolutional (RCPC...Clark, and J. M. Geist, “ Punctured convolutional codes or rate (n-1)/n and simplified maximum likelihood decoding,” IEEE Transactions on

Hardware-efficient bosonic quantum error-correcting codes based on symmetry operators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niu, Murphy Yuezhen; Chuang, Isaac L.; Shapiro, Jeffrey H.

2018-03-01

We establish a symmetry-operator framework for designing quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes based on fundamental properties of the underlying system dynamics. Based on this framework, we propose three hardware-efficient bosonic QEC codes that are suitable for χ(2 )-interaction based quantum computation in multimode Fock bases: the χ(2 ) parity-check code, the χ(2 ) embedded error-correcting code, and the χ(2 ) binomial code. All of these QEC codes detect photon-loss or photon-gain errors by means of photon-number parity measurements, and then correct them via χ(2 ) Hamiltonian evolutions and linear-optics transformations. Our symmetry-operator framework provides a systematic procedure for finding QEC codes that are not stabilizer codes, and it enables convenient extension of a given encoding to higher-dimensional qudit bases. The χ(2 ) binomial code is of special interest because, with m ≤N identified from channel monitoring, it can correct m -photon-loss errors, or m -photon-gain errors, or (m -1 )th -order dephasing errors using logical qudits that are encoded in O (N ) photons. In comparison, other bosonic QEC codes require O (N2) photons to correct the same degree of bosonic errors. Such improved photon efficiency underscores the additional error-correction power that can be provided by channel monitoring. We develop quantum Hamming bounds for photon-loss errors in the code subspaces associated with the χ(2 ) parity-check code and the χ(2 ) embedded error-correcting code, and we prove that these codes saturate their respective bounds. Our χ(2 ) QEC codes exhibit hardware efficiency in that they address the principal error mechanisms and exploit the available physical interactions of the underlying hardware, thus reducing the physical resources required for implementing their encoding, decoding, and error-correction operations, and their universal encoded-basis gate sets.

Annual Report of the ECSU Home-Institution Support Program (1993)

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-30

summer of 1992. Stephanie plans to attend graduate school at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. r 3 . Deborah Jones has attended the ISSP program for...computer equipment Component #2 A visiting lecturer series Component # 3 : Students pay & faculty release time Component #4 Student/sponsor travel program...DTXC QUA, ty rNpBT 3 S. 0. CODE: 1133 DISBURSING CODE: N001 79 AGO CODE: N66005 CAGE CODE: OJLKO 3 PART I: A succinct narrative which should

Simultaneous Inversion of UXO Parameters and Background Response

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NO TES 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Unclassified/Unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTIO N CODE 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200...demonstrated an ability to accurate recover dipole parameters using the simultaneous inversion method. Numerical modeling code for solving Maxwell’s...magnetics 15. NUMBER O F PAGES 160 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATIO N OF REPORT Unclassified 18. SECURITY

"ON ALGEBRAIC DECODING OF Q-ARY REED-MULLER AND PRODUCT REED-SOLOMON CODES"

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

SANTHI, NANDAKISHORE

We consider a list decoding algorithm recently proposed by Pellikaan-Wu for q-ary Reed-Muller codes RM{sub q}({ell}, m, n) of length n {le} q{sup m} when {ell} {le} q. A simple and easily accessible correctness proof is given which shows that this algorithm achieves a relative error-correction radius of {tau} {le} (1-{radical}{ell}q{sup m-1}/n). This is an improvement over the proof using one-point Algebraic-Geometric decoding method given in. The described algorithm can be adapted to decode product Reed-Solomon codes. We then propose a new low complexity recursive aJgebraic decoding algorithm for product Reed-Solomon codes and Reed-Muller codes. This algorithm achieves a relativemore » error correction radius of {tau} {le} {Pi}{sub i=1}{sup m} (1 - {radical}k{sub i}/q). This algorithm is then proved to outperform the Pellikaan-Wu algorithm in both complexity and error correction radius over a wide range of code rates.« less

Transfer reaction code with nonlocal interactions

DOE PAGES

Titus, L. J.; Ross, A.; Nunes, F. M.

2016-07-14

We present a suite of codes (NLAT for nonlocal adiabatic transfer) to calculate the transfer cross section for single-nucleon transfer reactions, (d,N)(d,N) or (N,d)(N,d), including nonlocal nucleon–target interactions, within the adiabatic distorted wave approximation. For this purpose, we implement an iterative method for solving the second order nonlocal differential equation, for both scattering and bound states. The final observables that can be obtained with NLAT are differential angular distributions for the cross sections of A(d,N)BA(d,N)B or B(N,d)AB(N,d)A. Details on the implementation of the TT-matrix to obtain the final cross sections within the adiabatic distorted wave approximation method are also provided.more » This code is suitable to be applied for deuteron induced reactions in the range of View the MathML sourceEd=10–70MeV, and provides cross sections with 4% accuracy.« less

Primer development to obtain complete coding sequence of HA and NA genes of influenza A/H3N2 virus.

PubMed

Agustiningsih, Agustiningsih; Trimarsanto, Hidayat; Setiawaty, Vivi; Artika, I Made; Muljono, David Handojo

2016-08-30

Influenza is an acute respiratory illness and has become a serious public health problem worldwide. The need to study the HA and NA genes in influenza A virus is essential since these genes frequently undergo mutations. This study describes the development of primer sets for RT-PCR to obtain complete coding sequence of Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza A/H3N2 virus from Indonesia. The primers were developed based on influenza A/H3N2 sequence worldwide from Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) and further tested using Indonesian influenza A/H3N2 archived samples of influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance from 2008 to 2009. An optimum RT-PCR condition was acquired for all HA and NA fragments designed to cover complete coding sequence of HA and NA genes. A total of 71 samples were successfully sequenced for complete coding sequence both of HA and NA genes out of 145 samples of influenza A/H3N2 tested. The developed primer sets were suitable for obtaining complete coding sequences of HA and NA genes of Indonesian samples from 2008 to 2009.

JSPAM: A restricted three-body code for simulating interacting galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wallin, J. F.; Holincheck, A. J.; Harvey, A.

2016-07-01

Restricted three-body codes have a proven ability to recreate much of the disturbed morphology of actual interacting galaxies. As more sophisticated n-body models were developed and computer speed increased, restricted three-body codes fell out of favor. However, their supporting role for performing wide searches of parameter space when fitting orbits to real systems demonstrates a continuing need for their use. Here we present the model and algorithm used in the JSPAM code. A precursor of this code was originally described in 1990, and was called SPAM. We have recently updated the software with an alternate potential and a treatment of dynamical friction to more closely mimic the results from n-body tree codes. The code is released publicly for use under the terms of the Academic Free License ("AFL") v. 3.0 and has been added to the Astrophysics Source Code Library.

Patient safety principles in family medicine residency accreditation standards and curriculum objectives

PubMed Central

Kassam, Aliya; Sharma, Nishan; Harvie, Margot; O’Beirne, Maeve; Topps, Maureen

2016-01-01

Abstract Objective To conduct a thematic analysis of the College of Family Physicians of Canada’s (CFPC’s) Red Book accreditation standards and the Triple C Competency-based Curriculum objectives with respect to patient safety principles. Design Thematic content analysis of the CFPC’s Red Book accreditation standards and the Triple C curriculum. Setting Canada. Main outcome measures Coding frequency of the patient safety principles (ie, patient engagement; respectful, transparent relationships; complex systems; a just and trusting culture; responsibility and accountability for actions; and continuous learning and improvement) found in the analyzed CFPC documents. Results Within the analyzed CFPC documents, the most commonly found patient safety principle was patient engagement (n = 51 coding references); the least commonly found patient safety principles were a just and trusting culture (n = 5 coding references) and complex systems (n = 5 coding references). Other patient safety principles that were uncommon included responsibility and accountability for actions (n = 7 coding references) and continuous learning and improvement (n = 12 coding references). Conclusion Explicit inclusion of patient safety content such as the use of patient safety principles is needed for residency training programs across Canada to ensure the full spectrum of care is addressed, from community-based care to acute hospital-based care. This will ensure a patient safety culture can be cultivated from residency and sustained into primary care practice. PMID:27965349

pycola: N-body COLA method code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tassev, Svetlin; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Wandelt, Benjamin D.; Zaldarriagag, Matias

2015-09-01

pycola is a multithreaded Python/Cython N-body code, implementing the Comoving Lagrangian Acceleration (COLA) method in the temporal and spatial domains, which trades accuracy at small-scales to gain computational speed without sacrificing accuracy at large scales. This is especially useful for cheaply generating large ensembles of accurate mock halo catalogs required to study galaxy clustering and weak lensing. The COLA method achieves its speed by calculating the large-scale dynamics exactly using LPT while letting the N-body code solve for the small scales, without requiring it to capture exactly the internal dynamics of halos.

The Deceptively Simple N170 Reflects Network Information Processing Mechanisms Involving Visual Feature Coding and Transfer Across Hemispheres

PubMed Central

Ince, Robin A. A.; Jaworska, Katarzyna; Gross, Joachim; Panzeri, Stefano; van Rijsbergen, Nicola J.; Rousselet, Guillaume A.; Schyns, Philippe G.

2016-01-01

A key to understanding visual cognition is to determine “where”, “when”, and “how” brain responses reflect the processing of the specific visual features that modulate categorization behavior—the “what”. The N170 is the earliest Event-Related Potential (ERP) that preferentially responds to faces. Here, we demonstrate that a paradigmatic shift is necessary to interpret the N170 as the product of an information processing network that dynamically codes and transfers face features across hemispheres, rather than as a local stimulus-driven event. Reverse-correlation methods coupled with information-theoretic analyses revealed that visibility of the eyes influences face detection behavior. The N170 initially reflects coding of the behaviorally relevant eye contralateral to the sensor, followed by a causal communication of the other eye from the other hemisphere. These findings demonstrate that the deceptively simple N170 ERP hides a complex network information processing mechanism involving initial coding and subsequent cross-hemispheric transfer of visual features. PMID:27550865

Fast decoder for local quantum codes using Groebner basis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haah, Jeongwan

2013-03-01

Based on arXiv:1204.1063. A local translation-invariant quantum code has a description in terms of Laurent polynomials. As an application of this observation, we present a fast decoding algorithm for translation-invariant local quantum codes in any spatial dimensions using the straightforward division algorithm for multivariate polynomials. The running time is O (n log n) on average, or O (n2 log n) on worst cases, where n is the number of physical qubits. The algorithm improves a subroutine of the renormalization-group decoder by Bravyi and Haah (arXiv:1112.3252) in the translation-invariant case. This work is supported in part by the Insitute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontier Center, and the Korea Foundation for Advanced Studies.

Method for coding low entrophy data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yeh, Pen-Shu (Inventor)

1995-01-01

A method of lossless data compression for efficient coding of an electronic signal of information sources of very low information rate is disclosed. In this method, S represents a non-negative source symbol set, (s(sub 0), s(sub 1), s(sub 2), ..., s(sub N-1)) of N symbols with s(sub i) = i. The difference between binary digital data is mapped into symbol set S. Consecutive symbols in symbol set S are then paired into a new symbol set Gamma which defines a non-negative symbol set containing the symbols (gamma(sub m)) obtained as the extension of the original symbol set S. These pairs are then mapped into a comma code which is defined as a coding scheme in which every codeword is terminated with the same comma pattern, such as a 1. This allows a direct coding and decoding of the n-bit positive integer digital data differences without the use of codebooks.

Monte Carlo Modeling of the Initial Radiation Emitted by a Nuclear Device in the National Capital Region

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-07-01

also simulated in the models. Data was derived from calculations using the three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiation transport code MCNP (Monte Carlo N...32  B.  MCNP PHYSICS OPTIONS ......................................................................................... 33  C.  HAZUS...input deck’) for the MCNP , Monte Carlo N-Particle, radiation transport code. MCNP is a general-purpose code designed to simulate neutron, photon

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

50 CFR Table 1 to Subpart H of... - Pacific Salmon EFH Identified by USGS Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 1 Table 1 to Subpart H of Part 660 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND... River Chinook salmon n/a 17060103 OR/WA/ID Lower Snake - Asotin Creek Chinook and coho salmon n/a... salmon n/a 17060106 OR/WA Lower Grande Ronde Chinook and coho salmon n/a 17060107 WA Lower Snake...

Rate-compatible punctured convolutional codes (RCPC codes) and their applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hagenauer, Joachim

1988-04-01

The concept of punctured convolutional codes is extended by punctuating a low-rate 1/N code periodically with period P to obtain a family of codes with rate P/(P + l), where l can be varied between 1 and (N - 1)P. A rate-compatibility restriction on the puncturing tables ensures that all code bits of high rate codes are used by the lower-rate codes. This allows transmission of incremental redundancy in ARQ/FEC (automatic repeat request/forward error correction) schemes and continuous rate variation to change from low to high error protection within a data frame. Families of RCPC codes with rates between 8/9 and 1/4 are given for memories M from 3 to 6 (8 to 64 trellis states) together with the relevant distance spectra. These codes are almost as good as the best known general convolutional codes of the respective rates. It is shown that the same Viterbi decoder can be used for all RCPC codes of the same M. The application of RCPC codes to hybrid ARQ/FEC schemes is discussed for Gaussian and Rayleigh fading channels using channel-state information to optimize throughput.

Triangulating case-finding tools for patient safety surveillance: a cross-sectional case study of puncture/laceration.

PubMed

Taylor, Jennifer A; Gerwin, Daniel; Morlock, Laura; Miller, Marlene R

2011-12-01

To evaluate the need for triangulating case-finding tools in patient safety surveillance. This study applied four case-finding tools to error-associated patient safety events to identify and characterise the spectrum of events captured by these tools, using puncture or laceration as an example for in-depth analysis. Retrospective hospital discharge data were collected for calendar year 2005 (n=48,418) from a large, urban medical centre in the USA. The study design was cross-sectional and used data linkage to identify the cases captured by each of four case-finding tools. Three case-finding tools (International Classification of Diseases external (E) and nature (N) of injury codes, Patient Safety Indicators (PSI)) were applied to the administrative discharge data to identify potential patient safety events. The fourth tool was Patient Safety Net, a web-based voluntary patient safety event reporting system. The degree of mutual exclusion among detection methods was substantial. For example, when linking puncture or laceration on unique identifiers, out of 447 potential events, 118 were identical between PSI and E-codes, 152 were identical between N-codes and E-codes and 188 were identical between PSI and N-codes. Only 100 events that were identified by PSI, E-codes and N-codes were identical. Triangulation of multiple tools through data linkage captures potential patient safety events most comprehensively. Existing detection tools target patient safety domains differently, and consequently capture different occurrences, necessitating the integration of data from a combination of tools to fully estimate the total burden.

Error control techniques for satellite and space communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

1991-01-01

Shannon's capacity bound shows that coding can achieve large reductions in the required signal to noise ratio per information bit (E sub b/N sub 0 where E sub b is the energy per bit and (N sub 0)/2 is the double sided noise density) in comparison to uncoded schemes. For bandwidth efficiencies of 2 bit/sym or greater, these improvements were obtained through the use of Trellis Coded Modulation and Block Coded Modulation. A method of obtaining these high efficiencies using multidimensional Multiple Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signal sets with trellis coding is described. These schemes have advantages in decoding speed, phase transparency, and coding gain in comparison to other trellis coding schemes. Finally, a general parity check equation for rotationally invariant trellis codes is introduced from which non-linear codes for two dimensional MPSK and QAM signal sets are found. These codes are fully transparent to all rotations of the signal set.

A Very Efficient Transfer Function Bounding Technique on Bit Error Rate for Viterbi Decoded, Rate 1/N Convolutional Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, P. J.

1984-01-01

For rate 1/N convolutional codes, a recursive algorithm for finding the transfer function bound on bit error rate (BER) at the output of a Viterbi decoder is described. This technique is very fast and requires very little storage since all the unnecessary operations are eliminated. Using this technique, we find and plot bounds on the BER performance of known codes of rate 1/2 with K 18, rate 1/3 with K 14. When more than one reported code with the same parameter is known, we select the code that minimizes the required signal to noise ratio for a desired bit error rate of 0.000001. This criterion of determining goodness of a code had previously been found to be more useful than the maximum free distance criterion and was used in the code search procedures of very short constraint length codes. This very efficient technique can also be used for searches of longer constraint length codes.

A novel approach of an absolute coding pattern based on Hamiltonian graph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Ya'nan; Wang, Huawei; Hao, Fusheng; Liu, Liqiang

2017-02-01

In this paper, a novel approach of an optical type absolute rotary encoder coding pattern is presented. The concept is based on the principle of the absolute encoder to find out a unique sequence that ensures an unambiguous shaft position of any angular. We design a single-ring and a n-by-2 matrix absolute encoder coding pattern by using the variations of Hamiltonian graph principle. 12 encoding bits is used in the single-ring by a linear array CCD to achieve an 1080-position cycle encoding. Besides, a 2-by-2 matrix is used as an unit in the 2-track disk to achieve a 16-bits encoding pattern by using an area array CCD sensor (as a sample). Finally, a higher resolution can be gained by an electronic subdivision of the signals. Compared with the conventional gray or binary code pattern (for a 2n resolution), this new pattern has a higher resolution (2n*n) with less coding tracks, which means the new pattern can lead to a smaller encoder, which is essential in the industrial production.

N-MODY: A Code for Collisionless N-body Simulations in Modified Newtonian Dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Londrillo, Pasquale; Nipoti, Carlo

2011-02-01

N-MODY is a parallel particle-mesh code for collisionless N-body simulations in modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). N-MODY is based on a numerical potential solver in spherical coordinates that solves the non-linear MOND field equation, and is ideally suited to simulate isolated stellar systems. N-MODY can be used also to compute the MOND potential of arbitrary static density distributions. A few applications of N-MODY indicate that some astrophysically relevant dynamical processes are profoundly different in MOND and in Newtonian gravity with dark matter.

Polar codes for achieving the classical capacity of a quantum channel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guha, Saikat; Wilde, Mark

2012-02-01

We construct the first near-explicit, linear, polar codes that achieve the capacity for classical communication over quantum channels. The codes exploit the channel polarization phenomenon observed by Arikan for classical channels. Channel polarization is an effect in which one can synthesize a set of channels, by ``channel combining'' and ``channel splitting,'' in which a fraction of the synthesized channels is perfect for data transmission while the other fraction is completely useless for data transmission, with the good fraction equal to the capacity of the channel. Our main technical contributions are threefold. First, we demonstrate that the channel polarization effect occurs for channels with classical inputs and quantum outputs. We then construct linear polar codes based on this effect, and the encoding complexity is O(N log N), where N is the blocklength of the code. We also demonstrate that a quantum successive cancellation decoder works well, i.e., the word error rate decays exponentially with the blocklength of the code. For a quantum channel with binary pure-state outputs, such as a binary-phase-shift-keyed coherent-state optical communication alphabet, the symmetric Holevo information rate is in fact the ultimate channel capacity, which is achieved by our polar code.

Using Administrative Mental Health Indicators in Heart Failure Outcomes Research: Comparison of Clinical Records and International Classification of Disease Coding.

PubMed

Bender, Miriam; Smith, Tyler C

2016-01-01

Use of mental indication in health outcomes research is of growing interest to researchers. This study, as part of a larger research program, quantified agreement between administrative International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) coding for, and "gold standard" clinician documentation of, mental health issues (MHIs) in hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients to determine the validity of mental health administrative data for use in HF outcomes research. A 13% random sample (n = 504) was selected from all unique patients (n = 3,769) hospitalized with a primary HF diagnosis at 4 San Diego County community hospitals during 2009-2012. MHI was defined as ICD-9 discharge diagnostic coding 290-319. Records were audited for clinician documentation of MHI. A total of 43% (n = 216) had mental health clinician documentation; 33% (n = 164) had ICD-9 coding for MHI. ICD-9 code bundle 290-319 had 0.70 sensitivity, 0.97 specificity, and kappa 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.61-0.79). More specific ICD-9 MHI code bundles had kappas ranging from 0.44 to 0.82 and sensitivities ranging from 42% to 82%. Agreement between ICD-9 coding and clinician documentation for a broadly defined MHI is substantial, and can validly "rule in" MHI for hospitalized patients with heart failure. More specific MHI code bundles had fair to almost perfect agreement, with a wide range of sensitivities for identifying patients with an MHI. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Navy’s Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Wave Prediction System

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-15

is provided below. llMurly lurtir llcai Mux. N. M,*!. Heal I luv . .tn.l Wind Sura f»f \\. Hu. Alia il.t.iujn 2«OX) i n.H 1 1 1 T 1 1...DATE IDD-MM YYYY) 15-04-201 I 2. REPORT TYPE Conference Proceeding 3. DATES COVERED (From To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Navy’s Coupled...Code 7Q3n A I Division, Code I Author, Code i .y "f^****^ Cv^py>v’V/v^ 1. Release of this paper is approved. 2. To the best knowledge of

Error coding simulations in C

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noble, Viveca K.

1994-01-01

When data is transmitted through a noisy channel, errors are produced within the data rendering it indecipherable. Through the use of error control coding techniques, the bit error rate can be reduced to any desired level without sacrificing the transmission data rate. The Astrionics Laboratory at Marshall Space Flight Center has decided to use a modular, end-to-end telemetry data simulator to simulate the transmission of data from flight to ground and various methods of error control. The simulator includes modules for random data generation, data compression, Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) transfer frame formation, error correction/detection, error generation and error statistics. The simulator utilizes a concatenated coding scheme which includes CCSDS standard (255,223) Reed-Solomon (RS) code over GF(2(exp 8)) with interleave depth of 5 as the outermost code, (7, 1/2) convolutional code as an inner code and CCSDS recommended (n, n-16) cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code as the innermost code, where n is the number of information bits plus 16 parity bits. The received signal-to-noise for a desired bit error rate is greatly reduced through the use of forward error correction techniques. Even greater coding gain is provided through the use of a concatenated coding scheme. Interleaving/deinterleaving is necessary to randomize burst errors which may appear at the input of the RS decoder. The burst correction capability length is increased in proportion to the interleave depth. The modular nature of the simulator allows for inclusion or exclusion of modules as needed. This paper describes the development and operation of the simulator, the verification of a C-language Reed-Solomon code, and the possibility of using Comdisco SPW(tm) as a tool for determining optimal error control schemes.

A Scalable Architecture of a Structured LDPC Decoder

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Jason Kwok-San; Lee, Benjamin; Thorpe, Jeremy; Andrews, Kenneth; Dolinar, Sam; Hamkins, Jon

2004-01-01

We present a scalable decoding architecture for a certain class of structured LDPC codes. The codes are designed using a small (n,r) protograph that is replicated Z times to produce a decoding graph for a (Z x n, Z x r) code. Using this architecture, we have implemented a decoder for a (4096,2048) LDPC code on a Xilinx Virtex-II 2000 FPGA, and achieved decoding speeds of 31 Mbps with 10 fixed iterations. The implemented message-passing algorithm uses an optimized 3-bit non-uniform quantizer that operates with 0.2dB implementation loss relative to a floating point decoder.

The Composite Analytic and Simulation Package or RFI (CASPR) on a coded channel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Freedman, Jeff; Berman, Ted

1993-01-01

CASPR is an analysis package which determines the performance of a coded signal in the presence of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) and Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN). It can analyze a system with convolutional coding, Reed-Solomon (RS) coding, or a concatenation of the two. The signals can either be interleaved or non-interleaved. The model measures the system performance in terms of either the E(sub b)/N(sub 0) required to achieve a given Bit Error Rate (BER) or the BER needed for a constant E(sub b)/N(sub 0).

Partial correlation properties of pseudonoise /PN/ codes in noncoherent synchronization/detection schemes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cartier, D. E.

1976-01-01

This concise paper considers the effect on the autocorrelation function of a pseudonoise (PN) code when the acquisition scheme only integrates coherently over part of the code and then noncoherently combines these results. The peak-to-null ratio of the effective PN autocorrelation function is shown to degrade to the square root of n, where n is the number of PN symbols over which coherent integration takes place.

Relational Database Design of a Shipboard Ammunition Inventory, Requisitioning, and Reporting System

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-01

history of transactions effecting the status or quantity of that NI1N. Information on the current inventory balance is obtained from this section of...Number * Julian Date of Transaction * Activity Classification Code (ACC) * NALC * N1IN * Condition Code * Beginning Balance * Serial Number (if applicable...Ending Balance * Remarks As with the inventory information, ATR format varies with the type of control (Material Condition Code) applicable to that

CUBE: Information-optimized parallel cosmological N-body simulation code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Hao-Ran; Pen, Ue-Li; Wang, Xin

2018-05-01

CUBE, written in Coarray Fortran, is a particle-mesh based parallel cosmological N-body simulation code. The memory usage of CUBE can approach as low as 6 bytes per particle. Particle pairwise (PP) force, cosmological neutrinos, spherical overdensity (SO) halofinder are included.

The Deceptively Simple N170 Reflects Network Information Processing Mechanisms Involving Visual Feature Coding and Transfer Across Hemispheres.

PubMed

Ince, Robin A A; Jaworska, Katarzyna; Gross, Joachim; Panzeri, Stefano; van Rijsbergen, Nicola J; Rousselet, Guillaume A; Schyns, Philippe G

2016-08-22

A key to understanding visual cognition is to determine "where", "when", and "how" brain responses reflect the processing of the specific visual features that modulate categorization behavior-the "what". The N170 is the earliest Event-Related Potential (ERP) that preferentially responds to faces. Here, we demonstrate that a paradigmatic shift is necessary to interpret the N170 as the product of an information processing network that dynamically codes and transfers face features across hemispheres, rather than as a local stimulus-driven event. Reverse-correlation methods coupled with information-theoretic analyses revealed that visibility of the eyes influences face detection behavior. The N170 initially reflects coding of the behaviorally relevant eye contralateral to the sensor, followed by a causal communication of the other eye from the other hemisphere. These findings demonstrate that the deceptively simple N170 ERP hides a complex network information processing mechanism involving initial coding and subsequent cross-hemispheric transfer of visual features. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press.

Regulatory consequences of neuronal ELAV-like protein binding to coding and non-coding RNAs in human brain

PubMed Central

Scheckel, Claudia; Drapeau, Elodie; Frias, Maria A; Park, Christopher Y; Fak, John; Zucker-Scharff, Ilana; Kou, Yan; Haroutunian, Vahram; Ma'ayan, Avi

2016-01-01

Neuronal ELAV-like (nELAVL) RNA binding proteins have been linked to numerous neurological disorders. We performed crosslinking-immunoprecipitation and RNAseq on human brain, and identified nELAVL binding sites on 8681 transcripts. Using knockout mice and RNAi in human neuroblastoma cells, we showed that nELAVL intronic and 3' UTR binding regulates human RNA splicing and abundance. We validated hundreds of nELAVL targets among which were important neuronal and disease-associated transcripts, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) transcripts. We therefore investigated RNA regulation in AD brain, and observed differential splicing of 150 transcripts, which in some cases correlated with differential nELAVL binding. Unexpectedly, the most significant change of nELAVL binding was evident on non-coding Y RNAs. nELAVL/Y RNA complexes were specifically remodeled in AD and after acute UV stress in neuroblastoma cells. We propose that the increased nELAVL/Y RNA association during stress may lead to nELAVL sequestration, redistribution of nELAVL target binding, and altered neuronal RNA splicing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10421.001 PMID:26894958

Coastal Processes: Challenges for Monitoring and Prediction

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

Code 1008.3 ADOR/Director NCST E. R. Franchi , 7000 Public Affairs (Unclassified/ Unlimited Only). Code 703o 4 Division, Code Author, Code n...Research Global and the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di La Spezia for the financial support provided for the conference and the special issue.

Spectral fitting, shock layer modeling, and production of nitrogen oxides and excited nitrogen

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blackwell, H. E.

1991-01-01

An analysis was made of N2 emission from 8.72 MJ/kg shock layer at 2.54, 1.91, and 1.27 cm positions and vibrational state distributions, temperatures, and relative electronic state populations was obtained from data sets. Other recorded arc jet N2 and air spectral data were reviewed and NO emission characteristics were studied. A review of operational procedures of the DSMC code was made. Information on other appropriate codes and modifications, including ionization, were made as well as a determination of the applicability of codes reviewed to task requirement. A review was also made of computational procedures used in CFD codes of Li and other codes on JSC computers. An analysis was made of problems associated with integration of specific chemical kinetics applicable to task into CFD codes.

Making Homes Healthy: International Code Council Processes and Patterns.

PubMed

Coyle, Edward C; Isett, Kimberley R; Rondone, Joseph; Harris, Rebecca; Howell, M Claire Batten; Brandus, Katherine; Hughes, Gwendolyn; Kerfoot, Richard; Hicks, Diana

2016-01-01

Americans spend more than 90% of their time indoors, so it is important that homes are healthy environments. Yet many homes contribute to preventable illnesses via poor air quality, pests, safety hazards, and others. Efforts have been made to promote healthy housing through code changes, but results have been mixed. In support of such efforts, we analyzed International Code Council's (ICC) building code change process to uncover patterns of content and context that may contribute to successful adoptions of model codes. Discover patterns of facilitators and barriers to code amendments proposals. Mixed methods study of ICC records of past code change proposals. N = 2660. N/A. N/A. There were 4 possible outcomes for each code proposal studied: accepted as submitted, accepted as modified, accepted as modified by public comment, and denied. We found numerous correlates for final adoption of model codes proposed to the ICC. The number of proponents listed on a proposal was inversely correlated with success. Organizations that submitted more than 15 proposals had a higher chance of success than those that submitted fewer than 15. Proposals submitted by federal agencies correlated with a higher chance of success. Public comments in favor of a proposal correlated with an increased chance of success, while negative public comment had an even stronger negative correlation. To increase the chance of success, public health officials should submit their code changes through internal ICC committees or a federal agency, limit the number of cosponsors of the proposal, work with (or become) an active proposal submitter, and encourage public comment in favor of passage through their broader coalition.

A fast method for finding bound systems in numerical simulations: Results from the formation of asteroid binaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leinhardt, Zoë M.; Richardson, Derek C.

2005-08-01

We present a new code ( companion) that identifies bound systems of particles in O(NlogN) time. Simple binaries consisting of pairs of mutually bound particles and complex hierarchies consisting of collections of mutually bound particles are identifiable with this code. In comparison, brute force binary search methods scale as O(N) while full hierarchy searches can be as expensive as O(N), making analysis highly inefficient for multiple data sets with N≳10. A simple test case is provided to illustrate the method. Timing tests demonstrating O(NlogN) scaling with the new code on real data are presented. We apply our method to data from asteroid satellite simulations [Durda et al., 2004. Icarus 167, 382-396; Erratum: Icarus 170, 242; reprinted article: Icarus 170, 243-257] and note interesting multi-particle configurations. The code is available at http://www.astro.umd.edu/zoe/companion/ and is distributed under the terms and conditions of the GNU Public License.

Relative and accurate measurement of protein abundance using 15N stable isotope labeling in Arabidopsis (SILIA).

PubMed

Guo, Guangyu; Li, Ning

2011-07-01

In the quantitative proteomic studies, numerous in vitro and in vivo peptide labeling strategies have been successfully applied to measure differentially regulated protein and peptide abundance. These approaches have been proven to be versatile and repeatable in biological discoveries. (15)N metabolic labeling is one of these widely adopted and economical methods. However, due to the differential incorporation rates of (15)N or (14)N, the labeling results produce imperfectly matched isotopic envelopes between the heavy and light nitrogen-labeled peptides. In the present study, we have modified the solid Arabidopsis growth medium to standardize the (15)N supply, which led to a uniform incorporation of (15)N into the whole plant protein complement. The incorporation rate (97.43±0.11%) of (15)N into (15)N-coded peptides was determined by correlating the intensities of peptide ions with the labeling efficiencies according to Gaussian distribution. The resulting actual incorporation rate (97.44%) and natural abundance of (15)N/(14)N-coded peptides are used to re-calculate the intensities of isotopic envelopes of differentially labeled peptides, respectively. A modified (15)N/(14)N stable isotope labeling strategy, SILIA, is assessed and the results demonstrate that this approach is able to differentiate the fold change in protein abundance down to 10%. The machine dynamic range limitation and purification step will make the precursor ion ratio deriving from the actual ratio fold change. It is suggested that the differentially mixed (15)N-coded and (14)N-coded plant protein samples that are used to establish the protein abundance standard curve should be prepared following a similar protein isolation protocol used to isolate the proteins to be quantitated. Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Systematic analysis of coding and noncoding DNA sequences using methods of statistical linguistics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mantegna, R. N.; Buldyrev, S. V.; Goldberger, A. L.; Havlin, S.; Peng, C. K.; Simons, M.; Stanley, H. E.

1995-01-01

We compare the statistical properties of coding and noncoding regions in eukaryotic and viral DNA sequences by adapting two tests developed for the analysis of natural languages and symbolic sequences. The data set comprises all 30 sequences of length above 50 000 base pairs in GenBank Release No. 81.0, as well as the recently published sequences of C. elegans chromosome III (2.2 Mbp) and yeast chromosome XI (661 Kbp). We find that for the three chromosomes we studied the statistical properties of noncoding regions appear to be closer to those observed in natural languages than those of coding regions. In particular, (i) a n-tuple Zipf analysis of noncoding regions reveals a regime close to power-law behavior while the coding regions show logarithmic behavior over a wide interval, while (ii) an n-gram entropy measurement shows that the noncoding regions have a lower n-gram entropy (and hence a larger "n-gram redundancy") than the coding regions. In contrast to the three chromosomes, we find that for vertebrates such as primates and rodents and for viral DNA, the difference between the statistical properties of coding and noncoding regions is not pronounced and therefore the results of the analyses of the investigated sequences are less conclusive. After noting the intrinsic limitations of the n-gram redundancy analysis, we also briefly discuss the failure of the zeroth- and first-order Markovian models or simple nucleotide repeats to account fully for these "linguistic" features of DNA. Finally, we emphasize that our results by no means prove the existence of a "language" in noncoding DNA.

75 FR 42719 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

...: Commander, Navy Expeditionary Combat Command, 1575 Gator Blvd, Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek... Expeditionary Combat Command, Code (N8), 1575 Gator Blvd, Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek, Virginia Beach... to the Commander, Navy Expeditionary Combat Command, Code (N8), 1575 Gator Blvd, Joint Expeditionary...

Degenerate quantum codes and the quantum Hamming bound

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sarvepalli, Pradeep; Klappenecker, Andreas

2010-03-15

The parameters of a nondegenerate quantum code must obey the Hamming bound. An important open problem in quantum coding theory is whether the parameters of a degenerate quantum code can violate this bound for nondegenerate quantum codes. In this article we show that Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes, over a prime power alphabet q{>=}5, cannot beat the quantum Hamming bound. We prove a quantum version of the Griesmer bound for the CSS codes, which allows us to strengthen the Rains' bound that an [[n,k,d

Modeling and Simulation of a Non-Coherent Frequency Shift Keying Transceiver Using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

Convolutional Encoder Block Diagram of code rate 1 2 r = and...most commonly used along with block codes . They were introduced in 1955 by Elias [7]. Convolutional codes are characterized by the code rate kr n... convolutional code for 1 2 r = and = 3κ , namely [7 5], is used. Figure 2 Convolutional Encoder Block Diagram of code rate 1 2 r = and

Benchmark studies of the gyro-Landau-fluid code and gyro-kinetic codes on kinetic ballooning modes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tang, T. F.; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550; Xu, X. Q.

2016-03-15

A Gyro-Landau-Fluid (GLF) 3 + 1 model has been recently implemented in BOUT++ framework, which contains full Finite-Larmor-Radius effects, Landau damping, and toroidal resonance [Ma et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 055903 (2015)]. A linear global beta scan has been conducted using the JET-like circular equilibria (cbm18 series), showing that the unstable modes are kinetic ballooning modes (KBMs). In this work, we use the GYRO code, which is a gyrokinetic continuum code widely used for simulation of the plasma microturbulence, to benchmark with GLF 3 + 1 code on KBMs. To verify our code on the KBM case, we first perform the beta scan basedmore » on “Cyclone base case parameter set.” We find that the growth rate is almost the same for two codes, and the KBM mode is further destabilized as beta increases. For JET-like global circular equilibria, as the modes localize in peak pressure gradient region, a linear local beta scan using the same set of equilibria has been performed at this position for comparison. With the drift kinetic electron module in the GYRO code by including small electron-electron collision to damp electron modes, GYRO generated mode structures and parity suggest that they are kinetic ballooning modes, and the growth rate is comparable to the GLF results. However, a radial scan of the pedestal for a particular set of cbm18 equilibria, using GYRO code, shows different trends for the low-n and high-n modes. The low-n modes show that the linear growth rate peaks at peak pressure gradient position as GLF results. However, for high-n modes, the growth rate of the most unstable mode shifts outward to the bottom of pedestal and the real frequency of what was originally the KBMs in ion diamagnetic drift direction steadily approaches and crosses over to the electron diamagnetic drift direction.« less

Performance Analysis of IEEE 802.11g Waveform Transmitted Over a Fading Channel with Pulse-Noise Interference

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

called packet binary convolutional code (PBCC), was included as an option for performance at rate of either 5.5 or 11 Mpbs. The second offshoot...and the code rate is r k n= . A general convolutional encoder can be implemented with k shift-registers and n modulo-2 adders. Higher rates can be...derived from lower rate codes by employing “ puncturing .” Puncturing is a procedure for omitting some of the encoded bits in the transmitter (thus

Development and Evaluation of an Order-N Formulation for Multi-Flexible Body Space Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ghosh, Tushar K.; Quiocho, Leslie J.

2013-01-01

This paper presents development of a generic recursive Order-N algorithm for systems with rigid and flexible bodies, in tree or closed-loop topology, with N being the number of bodies of the system. Simulation results are presented for several test cases to verify and evaluate the performance of the code compared to an existing efficient dense mass matrix-based code. The comparison brought out situations where Order-N or mass matrix-based algorithms could be useful.

Inertial Impact Switches for Artillery Fuzes. Part III. Rocket Application

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-04-01

INtWT.INiUUITO» iiTwar mN.coimcT Nom > i. minrtwotMutt. SLOTS IN END UP MO SCOVTOBCmUNC«ITH EMM OTMR WITHIN 10* SCCNOTC...ENGR LAB COMMANDER NAVAL SURFACE WEAPONS CENTER WHITE OAK, MD 20910 ATTN CODE 043 , PROJ MGR, FUZES ATTN CODE 511, ATTN CODE 512, ATTN CODE 522

An alpha-numeric code for representing N-linked glycan structures in secreted glycoproteins.

PubMed

Yusufi, Faraaz Noor Khan; Park, Wonjun; Lee, May May; Lee, Dong-Yup

2009-01-01

Advances in high-throughput techniques have led to the creation of increasing amounts of glycome data. The storage and analysis of this data would benefit greatly from a compact notation for describing glycan structures that can be easily stored and interpreted by computers. Towards this end, we propose a fixed-length alpha-numeric code for representing N-linked glycan structures commonly found in secreted glycoproteins from mammalian cell cultures. This code, GlycoDigit, employs a pre-assigned alpha-numeric index to represent the monosaccharides attached in different branches to the core glycan structure. The present branch-centric representation allows us to visualize the structure while the numerical nature of the code makes it machine readable. In addition, a difference operator can be defined to quantitatively differentiate between glycan structures for further analysis. The usefulness and applicability of GlycoDigit were demonstrated by constructing and visualizing an N-linked glycosylation network.

On the design of turbo codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Divsalar, D.; Pollara, F.

1995-01-01

In this article, we design new turbo codes that can achieve near-Shannon-limit performance. The design criterion for random interleavers is based on maximizing the effective free distance of the turbo code, i.e., the minimum output weight of codewords due to weight-2 input sequences. An upper bound on the effective free distance of a turbo code is derived. This upper bound can be achieved if the feedback connection of convolutional codes uses primitive polynomials. We review multiple turbo codes (parallel concatenation of q convolutional codes), which increase the so-called 'interleaving gain' as q and the interleaver size increase, and a suitable decoder structure derived from an approximation to the maximum a posteriori probability decision rule. We develop new rate 1/3, 2/3, 3/4, and 4/5 constituent codes to be used in the turbo encoder structure. These codes, for from 2 to 32 states, are designed by using primitive polynomials. The resulting turbo codes have rates b/n (b = 1, 2, 3, 4 and n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and include random interleavers for better asymptotic performance. These codes are suitable for deep-space communications with low throughput and for near-Earth communications where high throughput is desirable. The performance of these codes is within 1 dB of the Shannon limit at a bit-error rate of 10(exp -6) for throughputs from 1/15 up to 4 bits/s/Hz.

Performance Bounds on Two Concatenated, Interleaved Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moision, Bruce; Dolinar, Samuel

2010-01-01

A method has been developed of computing bounds on the performance of a code comprised of two linear binary codes generated by two encoders serially concatenated through an interleaver. Originally intended for use in evaluating the performances of some codes proposed for deep-space communication links, the method can also be used in evaluating the performances of short-block-length codes in other applications. The method applies, more specifically, to a communication system in which following processes take place: At the transmitter, the original binary information that one seeks to transmit is first processed by an encoder into an outer code (Co) characterized by, among other things, a pair of numbers (n,k), where n (n > k)is the total number of code bits associated with k information bits and n k bits are used for correcting or at least detecting errors. Next, the outer code is processed through either a block or a convolutional interleaver. In the block interleaver, the words of the outer code are processed in blocks of I words. In the convolutional interleaver, the interleaving operation is performed bit-wise in N rows with delays that are multiples of B bits. The output of the interleaver is processed through a second encoder to obtain an inner code (Ci) characterized by (ni,ki). The output of the inner code is transmitted over an additive-white-Gaussian- noise channel characterized by a symbol signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Es/No and a bit SNR Eb/No. At the receiver, an inner decoder generates estimates of bits. Depending on whether a block or a convolutional interleaver is used at the transmitter, the sequence of estimated bits is processed through a block or a convolutional de-interleaver, respectively, to obtain estimates of code words. Then the estimates of the code words are processed through an outer decoder, which generates estimates of the original information along with flags indicating which estimates are presumed to be correct and which are found to be erroneous. From the perspective of the present method, the topic of major interest is the performance of the communication system as quantified in the word-error rate and the undetected-error rate as functions of the SNRs and the total latency of the interleaver and inner code. The method is embodied in equations that describe bounds on these functions. Throughout the derivation of the equations that embody the method, it is assumed that the decoder for the outer code corrects any error pattern of t or fewer errors, detects any error pattern of s or fewer errors, may detect some error patterns of more than s errors, and does not correct any patterns of more than t errors. Because a mathematically complete description of the equations that embody the method and of the derivation of the equations would greatly exceed the space available for this article, it must suffice to summarize by reporting that the derivation includes consideration of several complex issues, including relationships between latency and memory requirements for block and convolutional codes, burst error statistics, enumeration of error-event intersections, and effects of different interleaving depths. In a demonstration, the method was used to calculate bounds on the performances of several communication systems, each based on serial concatenation of a (63,56) expurgated Hamming code with a convolutional inner code through a convolutional interleaver. The bounds calculated by use of the method were compared with results of numerical simulations of performances of the systems to show the regions where the bounds are tight (see figure).

Validity of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code for acute kidney injury in elderly patients at presentation to the emergency department and at hospital admission

PubMed Central

Hwang, Y Joseph; Shariff, Salimah Z; Gandhi, Sonja; Wald, Ron; Clark, Edward; Fleet, Jamie L; Garg, Amit X

2012-01-01

Objective To evaluate the validity of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code N17x for acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients in two settings: at presentation to the emergency department and at hospital admission. Design A population-based retrospective validation study. Setting Southwestern Ontario, Canada, from 2003 to 2010. Participants Elderly patients with serum creatinine measurements at presentation to the emergency department (n=36 049) or hospital admission (n=38 566). The baseline serum creatinine measurement was a median of 102 and 39 days prior to presentation to the emergency department and hospital admission, respectively. Main outcome measures Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of ICD-10 diagnostic coding algorithms for AKI using a reference standard based on changes in serum creatinine from the baseline value. Median changes in serum creatinine of patients who were code positive and code negative for AKI. Results The sensitivity of the best-performing coding algorithm for AKI (defined as a ≥2-fold increase in serum creatinine concentration) was 37.4% (95% CI 32.1% to 43.1%) at presentation to the emergency department and 61.6% (95% CI 57.5% to 65.5%) at hospital admission. The specificity was greater than 95% in both settings. In patients who were code positive for AKI, the median (IQR) increase in serum creatinine from the baseline was 133 (62 to 288) µmol/l at presentation to the emergency department and 98 (43 to 200) µmol/l at hospital admission. In those who were code negative, the increase in serum creatinine was 2 (−8 to 14) and 6 (−4 to 20) µmol/l, respectively. Conclusions The presence or absence of ICD-10 code N17× differentiates two groups of patients with distinct changes in serum creatinine at the time of a hospital encounter. However, the code underestimates the true incidence of AKI due to a limited sensitivity. PMID:23204077

Development of the Off-line Analysis Code for GODDESS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garland, Heather; Cizewski, Jolie; Lepailleur, Alex; Walters, David; Pain, Steve; Smith, Karl

2016-09-01

Determining (n, γ) cross sections on unstable nuclei is important for understanding the r-process that is theorized to occur in supernovae and neutron-star mergers. However, (n, γ) reactions are difficult to measure directly because of the short lifetime of the involved neutron rich nuclei. A possible surrogate for the (n, γ) reaction is the (d,p γ) reaction; the measurement of these reactions in inverse kinematics is part of the scope of GODDESS - Gammasphere ORRUBA (Oak Ridge Rutgers University Barrel Array): Dual Detectors for Experimental Structure Studies. The development of an accurate and efficient off-line analysis code for GODDESS experiments is not only essential, but also provides a unique opportunity to create an analysis code designed specifically for transfer reaction experiments. The off-line analysis code has been developed to produce histograms from the binary data file to determine how to best sort events. Recent developments in the off-line analysis code will be presented as well as details on the energy and position calibrations for the ORRUBA detectors. This work is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation.

Eye coding mechanisms in early human face event-related potentials.

PubMed

Rousselet, Guillaume A; Ince, Robin A A; van Rijsbergen, Nicola J; Schyns, Philippe G

2014-11-10

In humans, the N170 event-related potential (ERP) is an integrated measure of cortical activity that varies in amplitude and latency across trials. Researchers often conjecture that N170 variations reflect cortical mechanisms of stimulus coding for recognition. Here, to settle the conjecture and understand cortical information processing mechanisms, we unraveled the coding function of N170 latency and amplitude variations in possibly the simplest socially important natural visual task: face detection. On each experimental trial, 16 observers saw face and noise pictures sparsely sampled with small Gaussian apertures. Reverse-correlation methods coupled with information theory revealed that the presence of the eye specifically covaries with behavioral and neural measurements: the left eye strongly modulates reaction times and lateral electrodes represent mainly the presence of the contralateral eye during the rising part of the N170, with maximum sensitivity before the N170 peak. Furthermore, single-trial N170 latencies code more about the presence of the contralateral eye than N170 amplitudes and early latencies are associated with faster reaction times. The absence of these effects in control images that did not contain a face refutes alternative accounts based on retinal biases or allocation of attention to the eye location on the face. We conclude that the rising part of the N170, roughly 120-170 ms post-stimulus, is a critical time-window in human face processing mechanisms, reflecting predominantly, in a face detection task, the encoding of a single feature: the contralateral eye. © 2014 ARVO.

ZENO: N-body and SPH Simulation Codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barnes, Joshua E.

2011-02-01

The ZENO software package integrates N-body and SPH simulation codes with a large array of programs to generate initial conditions and analyze numerical simulations. Written in C, the ZENO system is portable between Mac, Linux, and Unix platforms. It is in active use at the Institute for Astronomy (IfA), at NRAO, and possibly elsewhere. Zeno programs can perform a wide range of simulation and analysis tasks. While many of these programs were first created for specific projects, they embody algorithms of general applicability and embrace a modular design strategy, so existing code is easily applied to new tasks. Major elements of the system include: Structured data file utilities facilitate basic operations on binary data, including import/export of ZENO data to other systems.Snapshot generation routines create particle distributions with various properties. Systems with user-specified density profiles can be realized in collisionless or gaseous form; multiple spherical and disk components may be set up in mutual equilibrium.Snapshot manipulation routines permit the user to sift, sort, and combine particle arrays, translate and rotate particle configurations, and assign new values to data fields associated with each particle.Simulation codes include both pure N-body and combined N-body/SPH programs: Pure N-body codes are available in both uniprocessor and parallel versions.SPH codes offer a wide range of options for gas physics, including isothermal, adiabatic, and radiating models. Snapshot analysis programs calculate temporal averages, evaluate particle statistics, measure shapes and density profiles, compute kinematic properties, and identify and track objects in particle distributions.Visualization programs generate interactive displays and produce still images and videos of particle distributions; the user may specify arbitrary color schemes and viewing transformations.

78 FR 45014 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 8874-A

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-25

... written comments to Yvette Lawrence, Internal Revenue Service, room 6129, 1111 Constitution Avenue NW... Code Sections 6109 and 6103.w code section 45N. 45N was added by section 405 of the Tax Relief and... agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; (b) the accuracy of the agency's...

Moral Decision Making and Nontoleration of Honor Code Offenses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roffey, Arthur E.; Porter, David B.

1992-01-01

Explored differences in moral development and attitudes toward nontoleration clause of Honor Code of U.S. Air Force Academy between cadets who were convicted honor violators (n=24) and control group of nonviolators (n=162). Found that, as cadet moral development increased from year to year, acceptance and internalization of principle of…

New q-ary quantum MDS codes with distances bigger than q/2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Xianmang; Xu, Liqing; Chen, Hao

2016-07-01

The construction of quantum MDS codes has been studied by many authors. We refer to the table in page 1482 of (IEEE Trans Inf Theory 61(3):1474-1484, 2015) for known constructions. However, there have been constructed only a few q-ary quantum MDS [[n,n-2d+2,d

Editing of EIA coded, numerically controlled, machine tool tapes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weiner, J. M.

1975-01-01

Editing of numerically controlled (N/C) machine tool tapes (8-level paper tape) using an interactive graphic display processor is described. A rapid technique required for correcting production errors in N/C tapes was developed using the interactive text editor on the IMLAC PDS-ID graphic display system and two special programs resident on disk. The correction technique and special programs for processing N/C tapes coded to EIA specifications are discussed.

Structure and expression of canary myc family genes.

PubMed Central

Collum, R G; Clayton, D F; Alt, F W

1991-01-01

We found that the canary N-myc gene is highly related to mammalian N-myc genes in both the protein-coding region and the long 3' untranslated region. Examined coding regions of the canary c-myc gene were also highly related to their mammalian counterparts, but in contrast to N-myc, the canary and mammalian c-myc genes were quite divergent in their 3' untranslated regions. We readily detected N-myc and c-myc expression in the adult canary brain and found N-myc expression both at sites of proliferating neuronal precursors and in mature neurons. Images PMID:1996121

Linear calculations of edge current driven kink modes with BOUT++ code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, G. Q., E-mail: ligq@ipp.ac.cn; Xia, T. Y.; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550

This work extends previous BOUT++ work to systematically study the impact of edge current density on edge localized modes, and to benchmark with the GATO and ELITE codes. Using the CORSICA code, a set of equilibria was generated with different edge current densities by keeping total current and pressure profile fixed. Based on these equilibria, the effects of the edge current density on the MHD instabilities were studied with the 3-field BOUT++ code. For the linear calculations, with increasing edge current density, the dominant modes are changed from intermediate-n and high-n ballooning modes to low-n kink modes, and the linearmore » growth rate becomes smaller. The edge current provides stabilizing effects on ballooning modes due to the increase of local shear at the outer mid-plane with the edge current. For edge kink modes, however, the edge current does not always provide a destabilizing effect; with increasing edge current, the linear growth rate first increases, and then decreases. In benchmark calculations for BOUT++ against the linear results with the GATO and ELITE codes, the vacuum model has important effects on the edge kink mode calculations. By setting a realistic density profile and Spitzer resistivity profile in the vacuum region, the resistivity was found to have a destabilizing effect on both the kink mode and on the ballooning mode. With diamagnetic effects included, the intermediate-n and high-n ballooning modes can be totally stabilized for finite edge current density.« less

Metabolically Generated Stable Isotope-Labeled Deoxynucleoside Code for Tracing DNA N6-Methyladenine in Human Cells.

PubMed

Liu, Baodong; Liu, Xiaoling; Lai, Weiyi; Wang, Hailin

2017-06-06

DNA N 6 -methyl-2'-deoxyadenosine (6mdA) is an epigenetic modification in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Here we exploited stable isotope-labeled deoxynucleoside [ 15 N 5 ]-2'-deoxyadenosine ([ 15 N 5 ]-dA) as an initiation tracer and for the first time developed a metabolically differential tracing code for monitoring DNA 6mdA in human cells. We demonstrate that the initiation tracer [ 15 N 5 ]-dA undergoes a specific and efficient adenine deamination reaction leading to the loss the exocyclic amine 15 N, and further utilizes the purine salvage pathway to generate mainly both [ 15 N 4 ]-dA and [ 15 N 4 ]-2'-deoxyguanosine ([ 15 N 4 ]-dG) in mammalian genomes. However, [ 15 N 5 ]-dA is largely retained in the genomes of mycoplasmas, which are often found in cultured cells and experimental animals. Consequently, the methylation of dA generates 6mdA with a consistent coding pattern, with a predominance of [ 15 N 4 ]-6mdA. Therefore, mammalian DNA 6mdA can be potentially discriminated from that generated by infecting mycoplasmas. Collectively, we show a promising approach for identification of authentic DNA 6mdA in human cells and determine if the human cells are contaminated with mycoplasmas.

A Measure of Search Efficiency in a Real World Search Task (PREPRINT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-02-16

Search Task 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER N00173-08-1-G030 5b. GRANT NUMBER NRL BAA 08-09, 55-07-01 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 0602782N 6. AUTHOR(S... Beck , Melissa R. Ph.D (LSU) Maura C. Lohrenz (NRL Code 7440.1) J. Gregory Trafton (NRL Code 5515) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 08294 5e. TASK NUMBER... Beck 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (Include area code) (225)578-7214 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 A measure of search

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hayashi, A.; Hashimoto, T.; Horibe, M.

The quantum color coding scheme proposed by Korff and Kempe [e-print quant-ph/0405086] is easily extended so that the color coding quantum system is allowed to be entangled with an extra auxiliary quantum system. It is shown that in the extended scheme we need only {approx}2{radical}(N) quantum colors to order N objects in large N limit, whereas {approx}N/e quantum colors are required in the original nonextended version. The maximum success probability has asymptotics expressed by the Tracy-Widom distribution of the largest eigenvalue of a random Gaussian unitary ensemble (GUE) matrix.

PoMiN: A Post-Minkowskian N-body Solver

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Justin; Baumann, Mark; Hall, Bryton; Doss, Joel; Spencer, Lucas; Matzner, Richard

2018-06-01

In this paper, we introduce PoMiN, a lightweight N-body code based on the post-Minkowskian N-body Hamiltonian of Ledvinka et al., which includes general relativistic effects up to first order in Newton’s constant G, and all orders in the speed of light c. PoMiN is written in C and uses a fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration scheme. PoMiN has also been written to handle an arbitrary number of particles (both massive and massless), with a computational complexity that scales as O(N 2). We describe the methods we used to simplify and organize the Hamiltonian, and the tests we performed (convergence, conservation, and analytical comparison tests) to validate the code.

A computer code for calculations in the algebraic collective model of the atomic nucleus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Welsh, T. A.; Rowe, D. J.

2016-03-01

A Maple code is presented for algebraic collective model (ACM) calculations. The ACM is an algebraic version of the Bohr model of the atomic nucleus, in which all required matrix elements are derived by exploiting the model's SU(1 , 1) × SO(5) dynamical group. This paper reviews the mathematical formulation of the ACM, and serves as a manual for the code. The code enables a wide range of model Hamiltonians to be analysed. This range includes essentially all Hamiltonians that are rational functions of the model's quadrupole moments qˆM and are at most quadratic in the corresponding conjugate momenta πˆN (- 2 ≤ M , N ≤ 2). The code makes use of expressions for matrix elements derived elsewhere and newly derived matrix elements of the operators [ π ˆ ⊗ q ˆ ⊗ π ˆ ] 0 and [ π ˆ ⊗ π ˆ ] LM. The code is made efficient by use of an analytical expression for the needed SO(5)-reduced matrix elements, and use of SO(5) ⊃ SO(3) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients obtained from precomputed data files provided with the code.

[Attitudes towards the code of conduct for scientists among council members of the Japanese Society for Hygiene].

PubMed

Ikeda, Wakaha; Inaba, Yutaka; Yoshida, Katsumi; Takeshita, Tatsuya; Ogoshi, Kumiko; Okamoto, Kazushi

2010-01-01

The aim of this study was to clarify the attitudes towards the code of conduct for scientists among council members of the Japanese Society for Hygiene (JSH). We also aimed to collect information to be used as baseline data for future studies. From November to December 2007, 439 Council members of the Japanese Society for Hygiene completed a self-administered questionnaire. The valid response rate was 43.7% (n=192/439). The mean ages of the subjects were 56.2 years for males (n=171), and 53.0 years for females (n=19). Many council members were unfamiliar with the "Code of Conduct for Scientists" established by the Science Council of Japan, suggesting that most of the regular members were also unfamiliar with these guidelines. However, the high level of interest in the "Code of Conduct for Scientists" established by the Science Council of Japan indicated a positive attitude towards learning about research ethics. Moreover, one-half of the subjects responded that JSH should establish a code of conduct for scientists. Below are some of the reasons for requiring JSH to establish a code of conduct: 1. Private information is prevalent in the field of hygiene. 2. The overall stance as an academic society would be established and would encourage individuality in academic societies. 3. Members have various backgrounds within the field of hygiene, and they should have a code of conduct different from that of their institution of affiliation. We clarified attitudes towards the Code of Conduct for Scientists among council members of the Japanese Society for Hygiene.

Polar Coding with CRC-Aided List Decoding

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

TECHNICAL REPORT 2087 August 2015 Polar Coding with CRC-Aided List Decoding David Wasserman Approved...list decoding . RESULTS Our simulation results show that polar coding can produce results very similar to the FEC used in the Digital Video...standard. RECOMMENDATIONS In any application for which the DVB-S2 FEC is considered, polar coding with CRC-aided list decod - ing with N = 65536

Non-coding cancer driver candidates identified with a sample- and position-specific model of the somatic mutation rate

PubMed Central

Juul, Malene; Bertl, Johanna; Guo, Qianyun; Nielsen, Morten Muhlig; Świtnicki, Michał; Hornshøj, Henrik; Madsen, Tobias; Hobolth, Asger; Pedersen, Jakob Skou

2017-01-01

Non-coding mutations may drive cancer development. Statistical detection of non-coding driver regions is challenged by a varying mutation rate and uncertainty of functional impact. Here, we develop a statistically founded non-coding driver-detection method, ncdDetect, which includes sample-specific mutational signatures, long-range mutation rate variation, and position-specific impact measures. Using ncdDetect, we screened non-coding regulatory regions of protein-coding genes across a pan-cancer set of whole-genomes (n = 505), which top-ranked known drivers and identified new candidates. For individual candidates, presence of non-coding mutations associates with altered expression or decreased patient survival across an independent pan-cancer sample set (n = 5454). This includes an antigen-presenting gene (CD1A), where 5’UTR mutations correlate significantly with decreased survival in melanoma. Additionally, mutations in a base-excision-repair gene (SMUG1) correlate with a C-to-T mutational-signature. Overall, we find that a rich model of mutational heterogeneity facilitates non-coding driver identification and integrative analysis points to candidates of potential clinical relevance. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21778.001 PMID:28362259

A Comparison of Six MMPI Short Forms: Code Type Correspondence and Indices of Psychopathology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willcockson, James C.; And Others

1983-01-01

Compared six Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) short forms with the full-length MMPI for ability to identify code-types and indices of psychopathology in renal dialysis patients (N=53) and paranoid schizophrenics (N=58). Results suggested that the accuracy of the short forms fluctuates for different patient populations and…

Detecting Emotional Expression in Face-to-Face and Online Breast Cancer Support Groups

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liess, Anna; Simon, Wendy; Yutsis, Maya; Owen, Jason E.; Piemme, Karen Altree; Golant, Mitch; Giese-Davis, Janine

2008-01-01

Accurately detecting emotional expression in women with primary breast cancer participating in support groups may be important for therapists and researchers. In 2 small studies (N = 20 and N = 16), the authors examined whether video coding, human text coding, and automated text analysis provided consistent estimates of the level of emotional…

Study of idempotents in cyclic group rings over F{sub 2}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ong, Kai Lin, E-mail: i.am.kailin@hotmail.com; Ang, Miin Huey, E-mail: mathamh@usm.my

The existence of an idempotent generator for group codes or group ring codes in F{sub q}G plays a very important role in determining the minimal distance of the respective code. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for a group ring element to be an idempotent in F{sub 2}C{sub n} are investigated in this paper. The main result in this paper is the affirmation of the existence of finitely many basis idempotents which gives a full identification of all idempotents in every binary cyclic group ring F{sub 2}C{sub n}. All the basis idempotents in F{sub 2}C{sub n} are able to be foundmore » by partitioning the largest idempotent’s support.« less

Aerodynamic Heating Computations for Projectiles. Volume 2. Swept Wing Calculations Using the Planar Version of the ABRES Shape Change Code (PLNRASCC)

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-06-01

Mt n o ro " g < - OD-O)C 0N v : _grI40N40 O I0 eeg gr, Wn *, c.M b-C N Z ý VN dN N C4 C4 C4 e"Ř!02AWVý 00 0 P- 1( or . . . . . . . . . i...the ABRES Shape Change Code (ASCC)," Acurex Report TM -80-31/AS, July 1980. 3. M. J. Abbett, "Finite Difference Solution of the Subsonic/Supersonic...Development Command US Army AMCCOM Technical Support Activity ATTN: DRSMC- TDC (D) ATTN: DELSD-L DRSMC-TSS (D) Fort Monmouth, NJ 07703 DRSMC-LCA-F (D) Mr. 0

Alfvén eigenmode evolution computed with the VENUS and KINX codes for the ITER baseline scenario

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Isaev, M. Yu., E-mail: isaev-my@nrcki.ru; Medvedev, S. Yu.; Cooper, W. A.

A new application of the VENUS code is described, which computes alpha particle orbits in the perturbed electromagnetic fields and its resonant interaction with the toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) for the ITER device. The ITER baseline scenario with Q = 10 and the plasma toroidal current of 15 MA is considered as the most important and relevant for the International Tokamak Physics Activity group on energetic particles (ITPA-EP). For this scenario, typical unstable TAE-modes with the toroidal index n = 20 have been predicted that are localized in the plasma core near the surface with safety factor q = 1.more » The spatial structure of ballooning and antiballooning modes has been computed with the ideal MHD code KINX. The linear growth rates and the saturation levels taking into account the damping effects and the different mode frequencies have been calculated with the VENUS code for both ballooning and antiballooning TAE-modes.« less

Code-Time Diversity for Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Systems

PubMed Central

Hassan, A. Y.

2014-01-01

Time diversity is achieved in direct sequence spread spectrum by receiving different faded delayed copies of the transmitted symbols from different uncorrelated channel paths when the transmission signal bandwidth is greater than the coherence bandwidth of the channel. In this paper, a new time diversity scheme is proposed for spread spectrum systems. It is called code-time diversity. In this new scheme, N spreading codes are used to transmit one data symbol over N successive symbols interval. The diversity order in the proposed scheme equals to the number of the used spreading codes N multiplied by the number of the uncorrelated paths of the channel L. The paper represents the transmitted signal model. Two demodulators structures will be proposed based on the received signal models from Rayleigh flat and frequency selective fading channels. Probability of error in the proposed diversity scheme is also calculated for the same two fading channels. Finally, simulation results are represented and compared with that of maximal ration combiner (MRC) and multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. PMID:24982925

Coding Instead of Splitting - Algebraic Combinations in Time and Space

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-09

sources message. For certain classes of two-unicast-Z networks, we show that the rate-tuple ( N ,1) is achievable as long as the individual source...destination cuts for the two source-destination pairs are respectively at least as large as N and 1, and the generalized network sharing cut - a bound...previously defined by Kamath et. al. - is at least as large as N + 1. We show this through a novel achievable scheme which is based on random linear coding at

Ehf Multiple Beam Antennas.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-09-21

acknowledge and thank A. R. Hislop and D. L. Saul, Code 9262, for their work on tbh mixer design and D. L. Chappelle and K. S. Maynard, Code 8124, for...MTT-28, p 555-563, June 1980 . 33 (a) Mixer matrix, 7 boards, 6-5 mixers, 1-7 mixers. (b) LO power split to boards, 7-way. rN’ o, Ro (c) N-way power...1966. 9. Saleh, A.A.M., Planar Electrically Symmetric N-Way Hybrid Power Dividers/ Combiners, IEEE T-MTT-28, p 555-563, June 1980 . 55

Binding of hnRNP H and U2AF65 to Respective G-codes and a Poly-Uridine Tract Collaborate in the N50-5'ss Selection of the REST N Exon in H69 Cells

PubMed Central

Ortuño-Pineda, Carlos; Galindo-Rosales, José Manuel; Calderón-Salinas, José Victor; Villegas-Sepúlveda, Nicolás; Saucedo-Cárdenas, Odila; De Nova-Ocampo, Mónica; Valdés, Jesús

2012-01-01

The splicing of the N exon in the pre-mRNA coding for the RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) results in a truncated protein that modifies the expression pattern of some of its target genes. A weak 3'ss, three alternative 5'ss (N4-, N50-, and N62-5'ss) and a variety of putative target sites for splicing regulatory proteins are found around the N exon; two GGGG codes (G2-G3) and a poly-Uridine tract (N-PU) are found in front of the N50-5'ss. In this work we analyzed some of the regulatory factors and elements involved in the preferred selection of the N50-5'ss (N50 activation) in the small cell lung cancer cell line H69. Wild type and mutant N exon/β-globin minigenes recapitulated N50 exon splicing in H69 cells, and showed that the N-PU and the G2-G3 elements are required for N50 exon splicing. Biochemical and knockdown experiments identified these elements as U2AF65 and hnRNP H targets, respectively, and that they are also required for N50 exon activation. Compared to normal MRC5 cells, and in keeping with N50 exon activation, U2AF65, hnRNP H and other splicing factors were highly expressed in H69 cells. CLIP experiments revealed that hnRNP H RNA-binding occurs first and is a prerequisite for U2AF65 RNA binding, and EMSA and CLIP experiments suggest that U2AF65-RNA recognition displaces hnRNP H and helps to recruit other splicing factors (at least U1 70K) to the N50-5'ss. Our results evidenced novel hnRNP H and U2AF65 functions: respectively, U2AF65-recruiting to a 5'ss in humans and the hnRNP H-displacing function from two juxtaposed GGGG codes. PMID:22792276

Social Workers and the NASW "Code of Ethics": Belief, Behavior, Disjuncture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiFranks, Nikki Nelson

2008-01-01

A quantitative descriptive survey of a national sample of social workers (N = 206) examined discrepancies between belief in the NASW "Code of Ethics" and behavior in implementing the code and social workers' disjunctive distress (disjuncture) when belief and behavior are discordant. Relationships between setting and disjuncture and ethics…

A NEW HYBRID N-BODY-COAGULATION CODE FOR THE FORMATION OF GAS GIANT PLANETS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bromley, Benjamin C.; Kenyon, Scott J., E-mail: bromley@physics.utah.edu, E-mail: skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu

2011-04-20

We describe an updated version of our hybrid N-body-coagulation code for planet formation. In addition to the features of our 2006-2008 code, our treatment now includes algorithms for the one-dimensional evolution of the viscous disk, the accretion of small particles in planetary atmospheres, gas accretion onto massive cores, and the response of N-bodies to the gravitational potential of the gaseous disk and the swarm of planetesimals. To validate the N-body portion of the algorithm, we use a battery of tests in planetary dynamics. As a first application of the complete code, we consider the evolution of Pluto-mass planetesimals in amore » swarm of 0.1-1 cm pebbles. In a typical evolution time of 1-3 Myr, our calculations transform 0.01-0.1 M{sub sun} disks of gas and dust into planetary systems containing super-Earths, Saturns, and Jupiters. Low-mass planets form more often than massive planets; disks with smaller {alpha} form more massive planets than disks with larger {alpha}. For Jupiter-mass planets, masses of solid cores are 10-100 M{sub +}.« less

Kinetic modelling of the oxidation of large aliphatic hydrocarbons using an automatic mechanism generation.

PubMed

Muharam, Yuswan; Warnatz, Jürgen

2007-08-21

A mechanism generator code to automatically generate mechanisms for the oxidation of large hydrocarbons has been successfully modified and considerably expanded in this work. The modification was through (1) improvement of the existing rules such as cyclic-ether reactions and aldehyde reactions, (2) inclusion of some additional rules to the code, such as ketone reactions, hydroperoxy cyclic-ether formations and additional reactions of alkenes, (3) inclusion of small oxygenates, produced by the code but not included in the handwritten C(1)-C(4) sub-mechanism yet, to the handwritten C(1)-C(4) sub-mechanism. In order to evaluate mechanisms generated by the code, simulations of observed results in different experimental environments have been carried out. Experimentally derived and numerically predicted ignition delays of n-heptane-air and n-decane-air mixtures in high-pressure shock tubes in a wide range of temperatures, pressures and equivalence ratios agree very well. Concentration profiles of the main products and intermediates of n-heptane and n-decane oxidation in jet-stirred reactors at a wide range of temperatures and equivalence ratios are generally well reproduced. In addition, the ignition delay times of different normal alkanes was numerically studied.

n-Nucleotide circular codes in graph theory.

PubMed

Fimmel, Elena; Michel, Christian J; Strüngmann, Lutz

2016-03-13

The circular code theory proposes that genes are constituted of two trinucleotide codes: the classical genetic code with 61 trinucleotides for coding the 20 amino acids (except the three stop codons {TAA,TAG,TGA}) and a circular code based on 20 trinucleotides for retrieving, maintaining and synchronizing the reading frame. It relies on two main results: the identification of a maximal C(3) self-complementary trinucleotide circular code X in genes of bacteria, eukaryotes, plasmids and viruses (Michel 2015 J. Theor. Biol. 380, 156-177. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.04.009); Arquès & Michel 1996 J. Theor. Biol. 182, 45-58. (doi:10.1006/jtbi.1996.0142)) and the finding of X circular code motifs in tRNAs and rRNAs, in particular in the ribosome decoding centre (Michel 2012 Comput. Biol. Chem. 37, 24-37. (doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2011.10.002); El Soufi & Michel 2014 Comput. Biol. Chem. 52, 9-17. (doi:10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2014.08.001)). The univerally conserved nucleotides A1492 and A1493 and the conserved nucleotide G530 are included in X circular code motifs. Recently, dinucleotide circular codes were also investigated (Michel & Pirillo 2013 ISRN Biomath. 2013, 538631. (doi:10.1155/2013/538631); Fimmel et al. 2015 J. Theor. Biol. 386, 159-165. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.08.034)). As the genetic motifs of different lengths are ubiquitous in genes and genomes, we introduce a new approach based on graph theory to study in full generality n-nucleotide circular codes X, i.e. of length 2 (dinucleotide), 3 (trinucleotide), 4 (tetranucleotide), etc. Indeed, we prove that an n-nucleotide code X is circular if and only if the corresponding graph [Formula: see text] is acyclic. Moreover, the maximal length of a path in [Formula: see text] corresponds to the window of nucleotides in a sequence for detecting the correct reading frame. Finally, the graph theory of tournaments is applied to the study of dinucleotide circular codes. It has full equivalence between the combinatorics theory (Michel & Pirillo 2013 ISRN Biomath. 2013, 538631. (doi:10.1155/2013/538631)) and the group theory (Fimmel et al. 2015 J. Theor. Biol. 386, 159-165. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.08.034)) of dinucleotide circular codes while its mathematical approach is simpler. © 2016 The Author(s).

COLAcode: COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tassev, Svetlin V.

2016-02-01

COLAcode is a serial particle mesh-based N-body code illustrating the COLA (COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration) method; it solves for Large Scale Structure (LSS) in a frame that is comoving with observers following trajectories calculated in Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (LPT). It differs from standard N-body code by trading accuracy at small-scales to gain computational speed without sacrificing accuracy at large scales. This is useful for generating large ensembles of accurate mock halo catalogs required to study galaxy clustering and weak lensing; such catalogs are needed to perform detailed error analysis for ongoing and future surveys of LSS.

A common class of transcripts with 5'-intron depletion, distinct early coding sequence features, and N1-methyladenosine modification.

PubMed

Cenik, Can; Chua, Hon Nian; Singh, Guramrit; Akef, Abdalla; Snyder, Michael P; Palazzo, Alexander F; Moore, Melissa J; Roth, Frederick P

2017-03-01

Introns are found in 5' untranslated regions (5'UTRs) for 35% of all human transcripts. These 5'UTR introns are not randomly distributed: Genes that encode secreted, membrane-bound and mitochondrial proteins are less likely to have them. Curiously, transcripts lacking 5'UTR introns tend to harbor specific RNA sequence elements in their early coding regions. To model and understand the connection between coding-region sequence and 5'UTR intron status, we developed a classifier that can predict 5'UTR intron status with >80% accuracy using only sequence features in the early coding region. Thus, the classifier identifies transcripts with 5 ' proximal- i ntron- m inus-like-coding regions ("5IM" transcripts). Unexpectedly, we found that the early coding sequence features defining 5IM transcripts are widespread, appearing in 21% of all human RefSeq transcripts. The 5IM class of transcripts is enriched for non-AUG start codons, more extensive secondary structure both preceding the start codon and near the 5' cap, greater dependence on eIF4E for translation, and association with ER-proximal ribosomes. 5IM transcripts are bound by the exon junction complex (EJC) at noncanonical 5' proximal positions. Finally, N 1 -methyladenosines are specifically enriched in the early coding regions of 5IM transcripts. Taken together, our analyses point to the existence of a distinct 5IM class comprising ∼20% of human transcripts. This class is defined by depletion of 5' proximal introns, presence of specific RNA sequence features associated with low translation efficiency, N 1 -methyladenosines in the early coding region, and enrichment for noncanonical binding by the EJC. © 2017 Cenik et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the RNA Society.

Low Density Parity Check Codes: Bandwidth Efficient Channel Coding

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fong, Wai; Lin, Shu; Maki, Gary; Yeh, Pen-Shu

2003-01-01

Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) Codes provide near-Shannon Capacity performance for NASA Missions. These codes have high coding rates R=0.82 and 0.875 with moderate code lengths, n=4096 and 8176. Their decoders have inherently parallel structures which allows for high-speed implementation. Two codes based on Euclidean Geometry (EG) were selected for flight ASIC implementation. These codes are cyclic and quasi-cyclic in nature and therefore have a simple encoder structure. This results in power and size benefits. These codes also have a large minimum distance as much as d,,, = 65 giving them powerful error correcting capabilities and error floors less than lo- BER. This paper will present development of the LDPC flight encoder and decoder, its applications and status.

Quantum error correcting codes and 4-dimensional arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guth, Larry, E-mail: lguth@math.mit.edu; Lubotzky, Alexander, E-mail: alex.lubotzky@mail.huji.ac.il

2014-08-15

Using 4-dimensional arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds, we construct some new homological quantum error correcting codes. They are low density parity check codes with linear rate and distance n{sup ε}. Their rate is evaluated via Euler characteristic arguments and their distance using Z{sub 2}-systolic geometry. This construction answers a question of Zémor [“On Cayley graphs, surface codes, and the limits of homological coding for quantum error correction,” in Proceedings of Second International Workshop on Coding and Cryptology (IWCC), Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 5557 (2009), pp. 259–273], who asked whether homological codes with such parameters could exist at all.

Error control techniques for satellite and space communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

1992-01-01

Worked performed during the reporting period is summarized. Construction of robustly good trellis codes for use with sequential decoding was developed. The robustly good trellis codes provide a much better trade off between free distance and distance profile. The unequal error protection capabilities of convolutional codes was studied. The problem of finding good large constraint length, low rate convolutional codes for deep space applications is investigated. A formula for computing the free distance of 1/n convolutional codes was discovered. Double memory (DM) codes, codes with two memory units per unit bit position, were studied; a search for optimal DM codes is being conducted. An algorithm for constructing convolutional codes from a given quasi-cyclic code was developed. Papers based on the above work are included in the appendix.

Mayo registry for telemetry efficacy in arrest study: An evaluation of the feasibility of the do not intubate code status.

PubMed

Snipelisky, David; Dumitrascu, Adrian; Ray, Jordan; Roy, Archana; Matcha, Gautam; Harris, Dana; Vadeboncoeur, Tyler; Kusumoto, Fred; Burton, M Caroline

2017-12-06

Guidelines recommend discussing code status with patients on hospital admission. No study has evaluated the feasibility of a full code with do not intubate (DNI) status. A retrospective analysis of patients who experienced a cardiopulmonary arrest was performed between May 1, 2008 and June 20, 2014. A descriptive analysis was created based on whether patients required mechanical ventilatory support during the hospitalization and comparisons were made between both patient subsets. A total of 239 patients were included. Almost all (n = 218, 91.2%) required intubation during the hospitalization. Over half (n = 117, 53.7%) were intubated on the same day as the cardiopulmonary arrest and 91 patients (41.7%) were intubated at the time of arrest. Comparisons between intubated and non-intubated patients showed little differences in clinical characteristics, except for a higher proportion of medical cardiac etiology for admission in patients who did not require intubation (n = 10, 47.6% versus n = 55, 25.2%; p = 0.18) and initial arrest rhythm of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (n = 8, 38.1% versus n = 50, 22.9%; p = 0.37). No differences in 24-hour and posthospital survivals were present. Mechanical ventilatory support is commonly utilized in patients who experience a cardiopulmonary arrest. The DNI status may not be a feasible code status option for most patients.

A systems neurophysiology approach to voluntary event coding.

PubMed

Petruo, Vanessa A; Stock, Ann-Kathrin; Münchau, Alexander; Beste, Christian

2016-07-15

Mechanisms responsible for the integration of perceptual events and appropriate actions (sensorimotor processes) have been subject to intense research. Different theoretical frameworks have been put forward with the "Theory of Event Coding (TEC)" being one of the most influential. In the current study, we focus on the concept of 'event files' within TEC and examine what sub-processes being dissociable by means of cognitive-neurophysiological methods are involved in voluntary event coding. This was combined with EEG source localization. We also introduce reward manipulations to delineate the neurophysiological sub-processes most relevant for performance variations during event coding. The results show that processes involved in voluntary event coding included predominantly stimulus categorization, feature unbinding and response selection, which were reflected by distinct neurophysiological processes (the P1, N2 and P3 ERPs). On a system's neurophysiological level, voluntary event-file coding is thus related to widely distributed parietal-medial frontal networks. Attentional selection processes (N1 ERP) turned out to be less important. Reward modulated stimulus categorization in parietal regions likely reflecting aspects of perceptual decision making but not in other processes. The perceptual categorization stage appears central for voluntary event-file coding. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

3D unstructured-mesh radiation transport codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morel, J.

1997-12-31

Three unstructured-mesh radiation transport codes are currently being developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The first code is ATTILA, which uses an unstructured tetrahedral mesh in conjunction with standard Sn (discrete-ordinates) angular discretization, standard multigroup energy discretization, and linear-discontinuous spatial differencing. ATTILA solves the standard first-order form of the transport equation using source iteration in conjunction with diffusion-synthetic acceleration of the within-group source iterations. DANTE is designed to run primarily on workstations. The second code is DANTE, which uses a hybrid finite-element mesh consisting of arbitrary combinations of hexahedra, wedges, pyramids, and tetrahedra. DANTE solves several second-order self-adjoint forms of the transport equation including the even-parity equation, the odd-parity equation, and a new equation called the self-adjoint angular flux equation. DANTE also offers three angular discretization options:more » $$S{_}n$$ (discrete-ordinates), $$P{_}n$$ (spherical harmonics), and $$SP{_}n$$ (simplified spherical harmonics). DANTE is designed to run primarily on massively parallel message-passing machines, such as the ASCI-Blue machines at LANL and LLNL. The third code is PERICLES, which uses the same hybrid finite-element mesh as DANTE, but solves the standard first-order form of the transport equation rather than a second-order self-adjoint form. DANTE uses a standard $$S{_}n$$ discretization in angle in conjunction with trilinear-discontinuous spatial differencing, and diffusion-synthetic acceleration of the within-group source iterations. PERICLES was initially designed to run on workstations, but a version for massively parallel message-passing machines will be built. The three codes will be described in detail and computational results will be presented.« less

A comparison of cosmological hydrodynamic codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kang, Hyesung; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.; Cen, Renyue; Ryu, Dongsu; Hernquist, Lars; Evrard, August E.; Bryan, Greg L.; Norman, Michael L.

1994-01-01

We present a detailed comparison of the simulation results of various hydrodynamic codes. Starting with identical initial conditions based on the cold dark matter scenario for the growth of structure, with parameters h = 0.5 Omega = Omega(sub b) = 1, and sigma(sub 8) = 1, we integrate from redshift z = 20 to z = O to determine the physical state within a representative volume of size L(exp 3) where L = 64 h(exp -1) Mpc. Five indenpendent codes are compared: three of them Eulerian mesh-based and two variants of the smooth particle hydrodynamics 'SPH' Lagrangian approach. The Eulerian codes were run at N(exp 3) = (32(exp 3), 64(exp 3), 128(exp 3), and 256(exp 3)) cells, the SPH codes at N(exp 3) = 32(exp 3) and 64(exp 3) particles. Results were then rebinned to a 16(exp 3) grid with the exception that the rebinned data should converge, by all techniques, to a common and correct result as N approaches infinity. We find that global averages of various physical quantities do, as expected, tend to converge in the rebinned model, but that uncertainites in even primitive quantities such as (T), (rho(exp 2))(exp 1/2) persists at the 3%-17% level achieve comparable and satisfactory accuracy for comparable computer time in their treatment of the high-density, high-temeprature regions as measured in the rebinned data; the variance among the five codes (at highest resolution) for the mean temperature (as weighted by rho(exp 2) is only 4.5%. Examined at high resolution we suspect that the density resolution is better in the SPH codes and the thermal accuracy in low-density regions better in the Eulerian codes. In the low-density, low-temperature regions the SPH codes have poor accuracy due to statiscal effects, and the Jameson code gives the temperatures which are too high, due to overuse of artificial viscosity in these high Mach number regions. Overall the comparison allows us to better estimate errors; it points to ways of improving this current generation ofhydrodynamic codes and of suiting their use to problems which exploit their best individual features.

Adaptive Correlation Space Adjusted Open-Loop Tracking Approach for Vehicle Positioning with Global Navigation Satellite System in Urban Areas

PubMed Central

Ruan, Hang; Li, Jian; Zhang, Lei; Long, Teng

2015-01-01

For vehicle positioning with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in urban areas, open-loop tracking shows better performance because of its high sensitivity and superior robustness against multipath. However, no previous study has focused on the effects of the code search grid size on the code phase measurement accuracy of open-loop tracking. Traditional open-loop tracking methods are performed by the batch correlators with fixed correlation space. The code search grid size, which is the correlation space, is a constant empirical value and the code phase measuring accuracy will be largely degraded due to the improper grid size, especially when the signal carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0) varies. In this study, the Adaptive Correlation Space Adjusted Open-Loop Tracking Approach (ACSA-OLTA) is proposed to improve the code phase measurement dependent pseudo range accuracy. In ACSA-OLTA, the correlation space is adjusted according to the signal C/N0. The novel Equivalent Weighted Pseudo Range Error (EWPRE) is raised to obtain the optimal code search grid sizes for different C/N0. The code phase measuring errors of different measurement calculation methods are analyzed for the first time. The measurement calculation strategy of ACSA-OLTA is derived from the analysis to further improve the accuracy but reduce the correlator consumption. Performance simulation and real tests confirm that the pseudo range and positioning accuracy of ASCA-OLTA are better than the traditional open-loop tracking methods in the usual scenarios of urban area. PMID:26343683

Validation of numerical solvers for liquid metal flow in a complex geometry in the presence of a strong magnetic field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patel, Anita; Pulugundla, Gautam; Smolentsev, Sergey; Abdou, Mohamed; Bhattacharyay, Rajendraprasad

2018-04-01

Following the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code validation and verification proposal by Smolentsev et al. (Fusion Eng Des 100:65-72, 2015), we perform code to code and code to experiment comparisons between two computational solvers, FLUIDYN and HIMAG, which are presently considered as two of the prospective CFD tools for fusion blanket applications. In such applications, an electrically conducting breeder/coolant circulates in the blanket ducts in the presence of a strong plasma-confining magnetic field at high Hartmann numbers, it{Ha} (it{Ha}^2 is the ratio between electromagnetic and viscous forces) and high interaction parameters, it{N} (it{N} is the ratio of electromagnetic to inertial forces). The main objective of this paper is to provide the scientific and engineering community with common references to assist fusion researchers in the selection of adequate computational means to be used for blanket design and analysis. As an initial validation case, the two codes are applied to the classic problem of a laminar fully developed MHD flows in a rectangular duct. Both codes demonstrate a very good agreement with the analytical solution for it{Ha} up to 15, 000. To address the capabilities of the two codes to properly resolve complex geometry flows, we consider a case of three-dimensional developing MHD flow in a geometry comprising of a series of interconnected electrically conducting rectangular ducts. The computed electric potential distributions for two flows (Case A) it{Ha}=515, it{N}=3.2 and (Case B) it{Ha}=2059, it{N}=63.8 are in very good agreement with the experimental data, while the comparisons for the MHD pressure drop are still unsatisfactory. To better interpret the observed differences, the obtained numerical data are analyzed against earlier theoretical and experimental studies for flows that involve changes in the relative orientation between the flow and the magnetic field.

26 CFR 1.6042-3 - Dividends subject to reporting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... documentation of foreign status and definition of U.S. payor and non-U.S. payor) shall apply. The provisions of... the Internal Revenue Code (Code). (iv) Distributions or payments from sources outside the United States (as determined under the provisions of part I, subchapter N, chapter 1 of the Code and the...

40 CFR 52.1570 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... regulation, section 7:1-3.1 of New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, submitted on November 20, 1973, by the... regulation, section 7:27-2.1 of the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, submitted on November 19, 1975, by... and Prohibition of Air Pollution by Volatile Organic Substances,” New Jersey Administrative Code (N.J...

40 CFR 52.1570 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... regulation, section 7:1-3.1 of New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, submitted on November 20, 1973, by the... regulation, section 7:27-2.1 of the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, submitted on November 19, 1975, by... and Prohibition of Air Pollution by Volatile Organic Substances,” New Jersey Administrative Code (N.J...

40 CFR 52.1570 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... regulation, section 7:1-3.1 of New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, submitted on November 20, 1973, by the... regulation, section 7:27-2.1 of the New Jersey Air Pollution Control Code, submitted on November 19, 1975, by... and Prohibition of Air Pollution by Volatile Organic Substances,” New Jersey Administrative Code (N.J...

Nonlinear Equatorial Spread F: The Effect of Neutral Winds and Background Pedersen Conductivity.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-29

course of our simulation. This is tantamount to neglecting compressibility (Pedersen mobility ) effects in the E region plasma. Thus, we are utilizing...Neier - Code 4141 Or. C. Szszczowlcz - Code 4187 Utah State Universityr. j. Goodn - code 4180 4th N. and 8th Streets Science Aplications . Inc. Loan

Relationships between Translation and Transcription Processes during fMRI Connectivity Scanning and Coded Translation and Transcription in Writing Products after Scanning in Children with and without Transcription Disabilities

PubMed Central

Wallis, Peter; Richards, Todd; Boord, Peter; Abbott, Robert; Berninger, Virginia

2018-01-01

Students with transcription disabilities (dysgraphia/impaired handwriting, n = 13 or dyslexia/impaired word spelling, n = 16) or without transcription disabilities (controls) completed transcription and translation (idea generating, planning, and creating) writing tasks during fMRI connectivity scanning and compositions after scanning, which were coded for transcription and translation variables. Compositions in both groups showed diversity in genre beyond usual narrative-expository distinction; groups differed in coded transcription but not translation variables. For the control group specific transcription or translation tasks during scanning correlated with corresponding coded transcription or translation skills in composition, but connectivity during scanning was not correlated with coded handwriting during composing in dysgraphia group and connectivity during translating was not correlated with any coded variable during composing in dyslexia group. Results are discussed in reference to the trend in neuroscience to use connectivity from relevant seed points while performing tasks and trends in education to recognize the generativity (creativity) of composing at both the genre and syntax levels. PMID:29600113

Reliability assessment of MVP-BURN and JENDL-4.0 related to nuclear transmutation of light platinum group elements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terashima, Atsunori; Nilsson, Mikael; Ozawa, Masaki; Chiba, Satoshi

2017-09-01

The Aprés ORIENT research program, as a concept of advanced nuclear fuel cycle, was initiated in FY2011 aiming at creating stable, highly-valuable elements by nuclear transmutation from ↓ssion products. In order to simulate creation of such elements by (n, γ) reaction succeeded by β- decay in reactors, a continuous-energy Monte Carlo burnup calculation code MVP-BURN was employed. Then, it is one of the most important tasks to con↓rm the reliability of MVP-BURN code and evaluated neutron cross section library. In this study, both an experiment of neutron activation analysis in TRIGA Mark I reactor at University of California, Irvine and the corresponding burnup calculation using MVP-BURN code were performed for validation of the simulation on transmutation of light platinum group elements. Especially, some neutron capture reactions such as 102Ru(n, γ)103Ru, 104Ru(n, γ)105Ru, and 108Pd(n, γ)109Pd were dealt with in this study. From a comparison between the calculation (C) and the experiment (E) about 102Ru(n, γ)103Ru, the deviation (C/E-1) was signi↓cantly large. Then, it is strongly suspected that not MVP-BURN code but the neutron capture cross section of 102Ru belonging to JENDL-4.0 used in this simulation have made the big di↑erence as (C/E-1) >20%.

Million-body star cluster simulations: comparisons between Monte Carlo and direct N-body

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodriguez, Carl L.; Morscher, Meagan; Wang, Long; Chatterjee, Sourav; Rasio, Frederic A.; Spurzem, Rainer

2016-12-01

We present the first detailed comparison between million-body globular cluster simulations computed with a Hénon-type Monte Carlo code, CMC, and a direct N-body code, NBODY6++GPU. Both simulations start from an identical cluster model with 106 particles, and include all of the relevant physics needed to treat the system in a highly realistic way. With the two codes `frozen' (no fine-tuning of any free parameters or internal algorithms of the codes) we find good agreement in the overall evolution of the two models. Furthermore, we find that in both models, large numbers of stellar-mass black holes (>1000) are retained for 12 Gyr. Thus, the very accurate direct N-body approach confirms recent predictions that black holes can be retained in present-day, old globular clusters. We find only minor disagreements between the two models and attribute these to the small-N dynamics driving the evolution of the cluster core for which the Monte Carlo assumptions are less ideal. Based on the overwhelming general agreement between the two models computed using these vastly different techniques, we conclude that our Monte Carlo approach, which is more approximate, but dramatically faster compared to the direct N-body, is capable of producing an accurate description of the long-term evolution of massive globular clusters even when the clusters contain large populations of stellar-mass black holes.

nRC: non-coding RNA Classifier based on structural features.

PubMed

Fiannaca, Antonino; La Rosa, Massimo; La Paglia, Laura; Rizzo, Riccardo; Urso, Alfonso

2017-01-01

Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) are small non-coding sequences involved in gene expression regulation of many biological processes and diseases. The recent discovery of a large set of different ncRNAs with biologically relevant roles has opened the way to develop methods able to discriminate between the different ncRNA classes. Moreover, the lack of knowledge about the complete mechanisms in regulative processes, together with the development of high-throughput technologies, has required the help of bioinformatics tools in addressing biologists and clinicians with a deeper comprehension of the functional roles of ncRNAs. In this work, we introduce a new ncRNA classification tool, nRC (non-coding RNA Classifier). Our approach is based on features extraction from the ncRNA secondary structure together with a supervised classification algorithm implementing a deep learning architecture based on convolutional neural networks. We tested our approach for the classification of 13 different ncRNA classes. We obtained classification scores, using the most common statistical measures. In particular, we reach an accuracy and sensitivity score of about 74%. The proposed method outperforms other similar classification methods based on secondary structure features and machine learning algorithms, including the RNAcon tool that, to date, is the reference classifier. nRC tool is freely available as a docker image at https://hub.docker.com/r/tblab/nrc/. The source code of nRC tool is also available at https://github.com/IcarPA-TBlab/nrc.

N-terminal Proteomics Assisted Profiling of the Unexplored Translation Initiation Landscape in Arabidopsis thaliana *

PubMed Central

Ndah, Elvis; Jonckheere, Veronique

2017-01-01

Proteogenomics is an emerging research field yet lacking a uniform method of analysis. Proteogenomic studies in which N-terminal proteomics and ribosome profiling are combined, suggest that a high number of protein start sites are currently missing in genome annotations. We constructed a proteogenomic pipeline specific for the analysis of N-terminal proteomics data, with the aim of discovering novel translational start sites outside annotated protein coding regions. In summary, unidentified MS/MS spectra were matched to a specific N-terminal peptide library encompassing protein N termini encoded in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. After a stringent false discovery rate filtering, 117 protein N termini compliant with N-terminal methionine excision specificity and indicative of translation initiation were found. These include N-terminal protein extensions and translation from transposable elements and pseudogenes. Gene prediction provided supporting protein-coding models for approximately half of the protein N termini. Besides the prediction of functional domains (partially) contained within the newly predicted ORFs, further supporting evidence of translation was found in the recently released Araport11 genome re-annotation of Arabidopsis and computational translations of sequences stored in public repositories. Most interestingly, complementary evidence by ribosome profiling was found for 23 protein N termini. Finally, by analyzing protein N-terminal peptides, an in silico analysis demonstrates the applicability of our N-terminal proteogenomics strategy in revealing protein-coding potential in species with well- and poorly-annotated genomes. PMID:28432195

N-terminal Proteomics Assisted Profiling of the Unexplored Translation Initiation Landscape in Arabidopsis thaliana.

PubMed

Willems, Patrick; Ndah, Elvis; Jonckheere, Veronique; Stael, Simon; Sticker, Adriaan; Martens, Lennart; Van Breusegem, Frank; Gevaert, Kris; Van Damme, Petra

2017-06-01

Proteogenomics is an emerging research field yet lacking a uniform method of analysis. Proteogenomic studies in which N-terminal proteomics and ribosome profiling are combined, suggest that a high number of protein start sites are currently missing in genome annotations. We constructed a proteogenomic pipeline specific for the analysis of N-terminal proteomics data, with the aim of discovering novel translational start sites outside annotated protein coding regions. In summary, unidentified MS/MS spectra were matched to a specific N-terminal peptide library encompassing protein N termini encoded in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. After a stringent false discovery rate filtering, 117 protein N termini compliant with N-terminal methionine excision specificity and indicative of translation initiation were found. These include N-terminal protein extensions and translation from transposable elements and pseudogenes. Gene prediction provided supporting protein-coding models for approximately half of the protein N termini. Besides the prediction of functional domains (partially) contained within the newly predicted ORFs, further supporting evidence of translation was found in the recently released Araport11 genome re-annotation of Arabidopsis and computational translations of sequences stored in public repositories. Most interestingly, complementary evidence by ribosome profiling was found for 23 protein N termini. Finally, by analyzing protein N-terminal peptides, an in silico analysis demonstrates the applicability of our N-terminal proteogenomics strategy in revealing protein-coding potential in species with well- and poorly-annotated genomes. © 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

An audit of health products advertised for sale on chiropractic Web sites in Canada and consideration of these practices in the context of Canadian chiropractic codes of ethics and conduct.

PubMed

Page, Stacey A; Grod, Jaroslaw P

2009-01-01

This study describes the extent to which chiropractors with Web sites practicing in Canada advertise health products for sale and considers this practice in the context of chiropractic codes of ethics and conduct. Chiropractic Web sites in Canada were identified using a public online business directory (Canada 411). The Web sites were searched, and an inventory of the health products for sale was taken. The influences of type of practice and province of practice on the sale of health product were assessed. Textual comments about health product marketing were summarized. National and provincial codes of ethics were reviewed, and the content on health product advertising was summarized. Two hundred eighty-seven Web sites were reviewed. Just more than half of the Web sites contained information on health products for sale (n = 158, 54%). Orthotics were advertised most often (n = 136 practices, 47%), followed by vitamins/nutritional supplements (n = 53, 18%), pillows and supports (n = 40, 14%), and exercise/rehabilitation products (n = 20, 7%). Chiropractors in solo or group chiropractic practices were less likely to advertise health products than those in multidisciplinary practice (P < .001), whereas chiropractors in BC were less likely to advertise nutritional supplements (P < .01). Provincial codes of ethics and conduct varied in their guidelines regarding health product sales. Variations in codes of ethics and in the proportions of practitioners advertising health products for sales across the country suggest that opinions may be divided on the acceptability of health product sales. Such practices raise questions and considerations for the chiropractic profession.

Lithium AA-Size Cells for Navy Mine Applications: 2. Evaluation of Commercial Cells

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-24

45433-6563 CENTER4301 SUITLAND ROAD A’TTN CODE N7B3 (H HOLTER) 1WASI3NGTON DC 20390 CODE N7B3 (P WRIGIIT) INAVAL ORI)NANCE CENTER ATrN DGUERRINO I...77058 HORSHAM PA 19044 ATTN MS 433 (J GOWDEY) 1 ATTN DR ROBERT B DAVIDSON NASA LANGLEY SCIENCE APPLICATIONS HAMPTON VA 23665 INTERNATIONAL CORP 1710... SCIENCES P 0 BOX 1508 BATTERY TECHNOLOGY CENTER MASON CITY IA 50401 1601 RESEARCH BLVD ROCKVILLE MD 20850 ATTN S ARGADE TECtINOCHEM CO ATTN GARCHDALE 203A

Redefining Projections of Disease and Nonbattle Injury Patient Condition Code Distributions with Casualty Data from Operation Iraqi Freedom

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-30

complicated 0.07% 0.13% 282 Infectious mononucleosis all cases 0.03% 0.06% 283 Hepatitis infectious viral all cases 0.38% 0.69% 329 Trachoma all cases 0.00... infectious /parasitic, neuropsychiatric, and miscellaneous. Although considerable overlapping existed between the two coding formats (PC and ICD-9), there...Std Residual n (%) Std Residual n (%) Std Residual n (%) Infectious 10 (0.9) -1.9 80 (1.5) -1.3 183 (1.9) 1.6 273 (1.7) Neoplasm 16 (1.5

Probing Trapped Ion Energies Via Ion-Molecule Reaction Kinetics: Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-28

ORGANIZATION (if applicable) Office of Naval Research N00014-87- j - 1248 Bc. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS 800 N. Quincy St...RESEARCH Grant NOOO14-87- J -1248 R & T Code 4134052 TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 36 Probing Trapped Ion Energies Via Ion-Molecule Reaction Kinetics: Fourier...reactivity (for charge transfer with N2) of the higher energy J =1/2 state is approximately three times that of the J =3/2 state at collision energies

Testing of Error-Correcting Sparse Permutation Channel Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shcheglov, Kirill, V.; Orlov, Sergei S.

2008-01-01

A computer program performs Monte Carlo direct numerical simulations for testing sparse permutation channel codes, which offer strong error-correction capabilities at high code rates and are considered especially suitable for storage of digital data in holographic and volume memories. A word in a code of this type is characterized by, among other things, a sparseness parameter (M) and a fixed number (K) of 1 or "on" bits in a channel block length of N.

Efficient convolutional sparse coding

DOEpatents

Wohlberg, Brendt

2017-06-20

Computationally efficient algorithms may be applied for fast dictionary learning solving the convolutional sparse coding problem in the Fourier domain. More specifically, efficient convolutional sparse coding may be derived within an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework that utilizes fast Fourier transforms (FFT) to solve the main linear system in the frequency domain. Such algorithms may enable a significant reduction in computational cost over conventional approaches by implementing a linear solver for the most critical and computationally expensive component of the conventional iterative algorithm. The theoretical computational cost of the algorithm may be reduced from O(M.sup.3N) to O(MN log N), where N is the dimensionality of the data and M is the number of elements in the dictionary. This significant improvement in efficiency may greatly increase the range of problems that can practically be addressed via convolutional sparse representations.

NRMC - A GPU code for N-Reverse Monte Carlo modeling of fluids in confined media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sánchez-Gil, Vicente; Noya, Eva G.; Lomba, Enrique

2017-08-01

NRMC is a parallel code for performing N-Reverse Monte Carlo modeling of fluids in confined media [V. Sánchez-Gil, E.G. Noya, E. Lomba, J. Chem. Phys. 140 (2014) 024504]. This method is an extension of the usual Reverse Monte Carlo method to obtain structural models of confined fluids compatible with experimental diffraction patterns, specifically designed to overcome the problem of slow diffusion that can appear under conditions of tight confinement. Most of the computational time in N-Reverse Monte Carlo modeling is spent in the evaluation of the structure factor for each trial configuration, a calculation that can be easily parallelized. Implementation of the structure factor evaluation in NVIDIA® CUDA so that the code can be run on GPUs leads to a speed up of up to two orders of magnitude.

Status of the R-matrix Code AMUR toward a consistent cross-section evaluation and covariance analysis for the light nuclei

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kunieda, Satoshi

2017-09-01

We report the status of the R-matrix code AMUR toward consistent cross-section evaluation and covariance analysis for the light-mass nuclei. The applicable limit of the code is extended by including computational capability for the charged-particle elastic scattering cross-sections and the neutron capture cross-sections as example results are shown in the main texts. A simultaneous analysis is performed on the 17O compound system including the 16O(n,tot) and 13C(α,n)16O reactions together with the 16O(n,n) and 13C(α,α) scattering cross-sections. It is found that a large theoretical background is required for each reaction process to obtain a simultaneous fit with all the experimental cross-sections we analyzed. Also, the hard-sphere radii should be assumed to be different from the channel radii. Although these are technical approaches, we could learn roles and sources of the theoretical background in the standard R-matrix.

Transport and stability analyses supporting disruption prediction in high beta KSTAR plasmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahn, J.-H.; Sabbagh, S. A.; Park, Y. S.; Berkery, J. W.; Jiang, Y.; Riquezes, J.; Lee, H. H.; Terzolo, L.; Scott, S. D.; Wang, Z.; Glasser, A. H.

2017-10-01

KSTAR plasmas have reached high stability parameters in dedicated experiments, with normalized beta βN exceeding 4.3 at relatively low plasma internal inductance li (βN/li>6). Transport and stability analyses have begun on these plasmas to best understand a disruption-free path toward the design target of βN = 5 while aiming to maximize the non-inductive fraction of these plasmas. Initial analysis using the TRANSP code indicates that the non-inductive current fraction in these plasmas has exceeded 50 percent. The advent of KSTAR kinetic equilibrium reconstructions now allows more accurate computation of the MHD stability of these plasmas. Attention is placed on code validation of mode stability using the PEST-3 and resistive DCON codes. Initial evaluation of these analyses for disruption prediction is made using the disruption event characterization and forecasting (DECAF) code. The present global mode kinetic stability model in DECAF developed for low aspect ratio plasmas is evaluated to determine modifications required for successful disruption prediction of KSTAR plasmas. Work supported by U.S. DoE under contract DE-SC0016614.

Prompt Radiation Protection Factors

DTIC Science & Technology

2018-02-01

dimensional Monte-Carlo radiation transport code MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particle) and the evaluation of the protection factors (ratio of dose in the open to...radiation was performed using the three dimensional Monte- Carlo radiation transport code MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particle) and the evaluation of the protection...by detonation of a nuclear device have placed renewed emphasis on evaluation of the consequences in case of such an event. The Defense Threat

Sparse Coding for N-Gram Feature Extraction and Training for File Fragment Classification

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, Felix; Quach, Tu-Thach; Wheeler, Jason

File fragment classification is an important step in the task of file carving in digital forensics. In file carving, files must be reconstructed based on their content as a result of their fragmented storage on disk or in memory. Existing methods for classification of file fragments typically use hand-engineered features such as byte histograms or entropy measures. In this paper, we propose an approach using sparse coding that enables automated feature extraction. Sparse coding, or sparse dictionary learning, is an unsupervised learning algorithm, and is capable of extracting features based simply on how well those features can be used tomore » reconstruct the original data. With respect to file fragments, we learn sparse dictionaries for n-grams, continuous sequences of bytes, of different sizes. These dictionaries may then be used to estimate n-gram frequencies for a given file fragment, but for significantly larger n-gram sizes than are typically found in existing methods which suffer from combinatorial explosion. To demonstrate the capability of our sparse coding approach, we used the resulting features to train standard classifiers such as support vector machines (SVMs) over multiple file types. Experimentally, we achieved significantly better classification results with respect to existing methods, especially when the features were used in supplement to existing hand-engineered features.« less

Sparse Coding for N-Gram Feature Extraction and Training for File Fragment Classification

DOE PAGES

Wang, Felix; Quach, Tu-Thach; Wheeler, Jason; ...

2018-04-05

File fragment classification is an important step in the task of file carving in digital forensics. In file carving, files must be reconstructed based on their content as a result of their fragmented storage on disk or in memory. Existing methods for classification of file fragments typically use hand-engineered features such as byte histograms or entropy measures. In this paper, we propose an approach using sparse coding that enables automated feature extraction. Sparse coding, or sparse dictionary learning, is an unsupervised learning algorithm, and is capable of extracting features based simply on how well those features can be used tomore » reconstruct the original data. With respect to file fragments, we learn sparse dictionaries for n-grams, continuous sequences of bytes, of different sizes. These dictionaries may then be used to estimate n-gram frequencies for a given file fragment, but for significantly larger n-gram sizes than are typically found in existing methods which suffer from combinatorial explosion. To demonstrate the capability of our sparse coding approach, we used the resulting features to train standard classifiers such as support vector machines (SVMs) over multiple file types. Experimentally, we achieved significantly better classification results with respect to existing methods, especially when the features were used in supplement to existing hand-engineered features.« less

MMPI--2 Code-Type Congruence of Injured Workers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Livingston, Ronald B.; Jennings, Earl; Colotla, Victor A.; Reynolds, Cecil R.; Shercliffe, Regan J.

2006-01-01

In this study, the authors examined the stability of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--2 (J. N. Butcher, W. G. Dahlstrom, J. R. Graham, A. Tellegen, & B. Kaemmer, 1989) code types in a sample of 94 injured workers with a mean test-retest interval of 21.3 months (SD = 14.1). Congruence rates for undefined code types were 34% for…

Analysis of reaction cross-section production in neutron induced fission reactions on uranium isotope using computer code COMPLET.

PubMed

Asres, Yihunie Hibstie; Mathuthu, Manny; Birhane, Marelgn Derso

2018-04-22

This study provides current evidence about cross-section production processes in the theoretical and experimental results of neutron induced reaction of uranium isotope on projectile energy range of 1-100 MeV in order to improve the reliability of nuclear stimulation. In such fission reactions of 235 U within nuclear reactors, much amount of energy would be released as a product that able to satisfy the needs of energy to the world wide without polluting processes as compared to other sources. The main objective of this work is to transform a related knowledge in the neutron-induced fission reactions on 235 U through describing, analyzing and interpreting the theoretical results of the cross sections obtained from computer code COMPLET by comparing with the experimental data obtained from EXFOR. The cross section value of 235 U(n,2n) 234 U, 235 U(n,3n) 233 U, 235 U(n,γ) 236 U, 235 U(n,f) are obtained using computer code COMPLET and the corresponding experimental values were browsed by EXFOR, IAEA. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental data taken from EXFOR Data Bank. Computer code COMPLET has been used for the analysis with the same set of input parameters and the graphs were plotted by the help of spreadsheet & Origin-8 software. The quantification of uncertainties stemming from both experimental data and computer code calculation plays a significant role in the final evaluated results. The calculated results for total cross sections were compared with the experimental data taken from EXFOR in the literature, and good agreement was found between the experimental and theoretical data. This comparison of the calculated data was analyzed and interpreted with tabulation and graphical descriptions, and the results were briefly discussed within the text of this research work. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Pentium Pro inside. 1; A treecode at 430 Gigaflops on ASCI Red

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warren, M. S.; Becker, D. J.; Sterling, T.; Salmon, J. K.; Goda, M. P.

1997-01-01

As an entry for the 1997 Gordon Bell performance prize, we present results from two methods of solving the gravitational N-body problem on the Intel Teraflops system at Sandia National Laboratory (ASCI Red). The first method, an O(N2) algorithm, obtained 635 Gigaflops for a 1 million particle problem on 6800 Pentium Pro processors. The second solution method, a tree-code which scales as O(N log N), sustained 170 Gigaflops over a continuous 9.4 hour period on 4096 processors, integrating the motion of 322 million mutually interacting particles in a cosmology simulation, while saving over 100 Gigabytes of raw data. Additionally, the tree-code sustained 430 Gigaflops on 6800 processors for the first 5 time-steps of that simulation. This tree-code solution is approximately 105 times more efficient than the O(N2) algorithm for this problem. As an entry for the 1997 Gordon Bell price/performance prize, we present two calculations from the disciplines of astrophysics and fluid dynamics. The simulations were performed on two 16 Pentium Pro processor Beowulf-class computers (Loki and Hyglac) constructed entirely from commodity personal computer technology, at a cost of roughly $50k each in September, 1996. The price of an equivalent system in August 1997 is less than $30. At Los Alamos, Loki performed a gravitational tree-code N-body simulation of galaxy formation using 9.75 million particles, which sustained an average of 879 Mflops over a ten day period, and produced roughly 10 Gbytes of raw data.

User's guide for vectorized code EQUIL for calculating equilibrium chemistry on Control Data STAR-100 computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kumar, A.; Graves, R. A., Jr.; Weilmuenster, K. J.

1980-01-01

A vectorized code, EQUIL, was developed for calculating the equilibrium chemistry of a reacting gas mixture on the Control Data STAR-100 computer. The code provides species mole fractions, mass fractions, and thermodynamic and transport properties of the mixture for given temperature, pressure, and elemental mass fractions. The code is set up for the electrons H, He, C, O, N system of elements. In all, 24 chemical species are included.

Screening pregnant women for suicidal behavior in electronic medical records: diagnostic codes vs. clinical notes processed by natural language processing.

PubMed

Zhong, Qiu-Yue; Karlson, Elizabeth W; Gelaye, Bizu; Finan, Sean; Avillach, Paul; Smoller, Jordan W; Cai, Tianxi; Williams, Michelle A

2018-05-29

We examined the comparative performance of structured, diagnostic codes vs. natural language processing (NLP) of unstructured text for screening suicidal behavior among pregnant women in electronic medical records (EMRs). Women aged 10-64 years with at least one diagnostic code related to pregnancy or delivery (N = 275,843) from Partners HealthCare were included as our "datamart." Diagnostic codes related to suicidal behavior were applied to the datamart to screen women for suicidal behavior. Among women without any diagnostic codes related to suicidal behavior (n = 273,410), 5880 women were randomly sampled, of whom 1120 had at least one mention of terms related to suicidal behavior in clinical notes. NLP was then used to process clinical notes for the 1120 women. Chart reviews were performed for subsamples of women. Using diagnostic codes, 196 pregnant women were screened positive for suicidal behavior, among whom 149 (76%) had confirmed suicidal behavior by chart review. Using NLP among those without diagnostic codes, 486 pregnant women were screened positive for suicidal behavior, among whom 146 (30%) had confirmed suicidal behavior by chart review. The use of NLP substantially improves the sensitivity of screening suicidal behavior in EMRs. However, the prevalence of confirmed suicidal behavior was lower among women who did not have diagnostic codes for suicidal behavior but screened positive by NLP. NLP should be used together with diagnostic codes for future EMR-based phenotyping studies for suicidal behavior.

An algebraic hypothesis about the primeval genetic code architecture.

PubMed

Sánchez, Robersy; Grau, Ricardo

2009-09-01

A plausible architecture of an ancient genetic code is derived from an extended base triplet vector space over the Galois field of the extended base alphabet {D,A,C,G,U}, where symbol D represents one or more hypothetical bases with unspecific pairings. We hypothesized that the high degeneration of a primeval genetic code with five bases and the gradual origin and improvement of a primeval DNA repair system could make possible the transition from ancient to modern genetic codes. Our results suggest that the Watson-Crick base pairing G identical with C and A=U and the non-specific base pairing of the hypothetical ancestral base D used to define the sum and product operations are enough features to determine the coding constraints of the primeval and the modern genetic code, as well as, the transition from the former to the latter. Geometrical and algebraic properties of this vector space reveal that the present codon assignment of the standard genetic code could be induced from a primeval codon assignment. Besides, the Fourier spectrum of the extended DNA genome sequences derived from the multiple sequence alignment suggests that the called period-3 property of the present coding DNA sequences could also exist in the ancient coding DNA sequences. The phylogenetic analyses achieved with metrics defined in the N-dimensional vector space (B(3))(N) of DNA sequences and with the new evolutionary model presented here also suggest that an ancient DNA coding sequence with five or more bases does not contradict the expected evolutionary history.

Performance analysis of parallel gravitational N-body codes on large GPU clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Si-Yi; Spurzem, Rainer; Berczik, Peter

2016-01-01

We compare the performance of two very different parallel gravitational N-body codes for astrophysical simulations on large Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) clusters, both of which are pioneers in their own fields as well as on certain mutual scales - NBODY6++ and Bonsai. We carry out benchmarks of the two codes by analyzing their performance, accuracy and efficiency through the modeling of structure decomposition and timing measurements. We find that both codes are heavily optimized to leverage the computational potential of GPUs as their performance has approached half of the maximum single precision performance of the underlying GPU cards. With such performance we predict that a speed-up of 200 - 300 can be achieved when up to 1k processors and GPUs are employed simultaneously. We discuss the quantitative information about comparisons of the two codes, finding that in the same cases Bonsai adopts larger time steps as well as larger relative energy errors than NBODY6++, typically ranging from 10 - 50 times larger, depending on the chosen parameters of the codes. Although the two codes are built for different astrophysical applications, in specified conditions they may overlap in performance at certain physical scales, thus allowing the user to choose either one by fine-tuning parameters accordingly.

Stagnation-point heat-transfer rate predictions at aeroassist flight conditions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gupta, Roop N.; Jones, Jim J.; Rochelle, William C.

1992-01-01

The results are presented for the stagnation-point heat-transfer rates used in the design process of the Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE) vehicle over its entire aeropass trajectory. The prediction methods used in this investigation demonstrate the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to a wide range of flight conditions and their usefulness in a design process. The heating rates were computed by a viscous-shock-layer (VSL) code at the lower altitudes and by a Navier-Stokes (N-S) code for the higher altitude cases. For both methods, finite-rate chemically reacting gas was considered, and a temperature-dependent wall-catalysis model was used. The wall temperature for each case was assumed to be radiative equilibrium temperature, based on total heating. The radiative heating was estimated by using a correlation equation. Wall slip was included in the N-S calculation method, and this method implicitly accounts for shock slip. The N-S/VSL combination of projection methods was established by comparison with the published benchmark flow-field code LAURA results at lower altitudes, and the direct simulation Monte Carlo results at higher altitude cases. To obtain the design heating rate over the entire forward face of the vehicle, a boundary-layer method (BLIMP code) that employs reacting chemistry and surface catalysis was used. The ratio of the VSL or N-S method prediction to that obtained from the boundary-layer method code at the stagnation point is used to define an adjustment factor, which accounts for the errors involved in using the boundary-layer method.

Disability Evaluation System Analysis and Research Annual Report 2015

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-11

that of the military population as a whole; exceeding weight and body fat standards (i.e. overweight or obesity ) was the most common condition listed...prevalent conditions in the general military applicant population [8].  The most common conditions noted at the MEPS, were: overweight, obesity , and...ICD-9 Diagnosis Code n % of Cond 1 % of App 2 ICD-9 Diagnosis Code n % of Cond 1 % of App 2 Overweight, obesity and other

NTRFACE for MAGIC

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-31

40. NO NO ACCESSION NO N7 ?I TITLE (inWijuod Security Claisification) NTRFACE FOR MAGIC 𔃼 PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) N.T. GLADD PE OF REPORT T b TIME...the MAGIC Particle-in-Cell Simulation Code. 19 ABSTRACT (Contianue on reverse if nceary and d ntiy by block number) The NTRFACE system was developed...made concret by applying it to a specific application- a mature, highly complex plasma physics particle in cell simulation code name MAGIC . This

Parallel software for lattice N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaich, David; DeGrand, Thomas

2015-05-01

We present new parallel software, SUSY LATTICE, for lattice studies of four-dimensional N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(N). The lattice action is constructed to exactly preserve a single supersymmetry charge at non-zero lattice spacing, up to additional potential terms included to stabilize numerical simulations. The software evolved from the MILC code for lattice QCD, and retains a similar large-scale framework despite the different target theory. Many routines are adapted from an existing serial code (Catterall and Joseph, 2012), which SUSY LATTICE supersedes. This paper provides an overview of the new parallel software, summarizing the lattice system, describing the applications that are currently provided and explaining their basic workflow for non-experts in lattice gauge theory. We discuss the parallel performance of the code, and highlight some notable aspects of the documentation for those interested in contributing to its future development.

Numerical optimization of perturbative coils for tokamaks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lazerson, Samuel; Park, Jong-Kyu; Logan, Nikolas; Boozer, Allen; NSTX-U Research Team

2014-10-01

Numerical optimization of coils which apply three dimensional (3D) perturbative fields to tokamaks is presented. The application of perturbative 3D magnetic fields in tokamaks is now commonplace for control of error fields, resistive wall modes, resonant field drive, and neoclassical toroidal viscosity (NTV) torques. The design of such systems has focused on control of toroidal mode number, with coil shapes based on simple window-pane designs. In this work, a numerical optimization suite based on the STELLOPT 3D equilibrium optimization code is presented. The new code, IPECOPT, replaces the VMEC equilibrium code with the IPEC perturbed equilibrium code, and targets NTV torque by coupling to the PENT code. Fixed boundary optimizations of the 3D fields for the NSTX-U experiment are underway. Initial results suggest NTV torques can be driven by normal field spectrums which are not pitch-resonant with the magnetic field lines. Work has focused on driving core torque with n = 1 and edge torques with n = 3 fields. Optimizations of the coil currents for the planned NSTX-U NCC coils highlight the code's free boundary capability. This manuscript has been authored by Princeton University under Contract Number DE-AC02-09CH11466 with the U.S. Department of Energy.

X-Ray, EUV, UV and Optical Emissivities of Astrophysical Plasmas

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Raymond, John C.; West, Donald (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

This grant primarily covered the development of the thermal X-ray emission model code called APEC, which is meant to replace the Raymond and Smith (1977) code. The new code contains far more spectral lines and a great deal of updated atomic data. The code is now available (http://hea-www.harvard.edu/APEC), though new atomic data is still being added, particularly at longer wavelengths. While initial development of the code was funded by this grant, current work is carried on by N. Brickhouse, R. Smith and D. Liedahl under separate funding. Over the last five years, the grant has provided salary support for N. Brickhouse, R. Smith, a summer student (L. McAllister), an SAO predoctoral fellow (A. Vasquez), and visits by T. Kallman, D. Liedahl, P. Ghavamian, J.M. Laming, J. Li, P. Okeke, and M. Martos. In addition to the code development, the grant supported investigations into X-ray and UV spectral diagnostics as applied to shock waves in the ISM, accreting black holes and white dwarfs, and stellar coronae. Many of these efforts are continuing. Closely related work on the shock waves and coronal mass ejections in the solar corona has grown out of the efforts supported by the grant.

Aeroelastic Tailoring Study of N+2 Low-Boom Supersonic Commercial Transport Aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pak, Chan-gi

2015-01-01

The Lockheed Martins N+2 Low-boom Supersonic Commercial Transport (LSCT) aircraft is optimized in this study through the use of a multidisciplinary design optimization tool developed at the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center. A total of 111 design variables are used in the first optimization run. Total structural weight is the objective function in this optimization run. Design requirements for strength, buckling, and flutter are selected as constraint functions during the first optimization run. The MSC Nastran code is used to obtain the modal, strength, and buckling characteristics. Flutter and trim analyses are based on ZAERO code and landing and ground control loads are computed using an in-house code.

Topological Qubits from Valence Bond Solids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Dong-Sheng; Affleck, Ian; Raussendorf, Robert

2018-05-01

Topological qubits based on S U (N )-symmetric valence-bond solid models are constructed. A logical topological qubit is the ground subspace with twofold degeneracy, which is due to the spontaneous breaking of a global parity symmetry. A logical Z rotation by an angle 2 π /N , for any integer N >2 , is provided by a global twist operation, which is of a topological nature and protected by the energy gap. A general concatenation scheme with standard quantum error-correction codes is also proposed, which can lead to better codes. Generic error-correction properties of symmetry-protected topological order are also demonstrated.

Error probability for RFID SAW tags with pulse position coding and peak-pulse detection.

PubMed

Shmaliy, Yuriy S; Plessky, Victor; Cerda-Villafaña, Gustavo; Ibarra-Manzano, Oscar

2012-11-01

This paper addresses the code reading error probability (EP) in radio-frequency identification (RFID) SAW tags with pulse position coding (PPC) and peak-pulse detection. EP is found in a most general form, assuming M groups of codes with N slots each and allowing individual SNRs in each slot. The basic case of zero signal in all off-pulses and equal signals in all on-pulses is investigated in detail. We show that if a SAW-tag with PPC is designed such that the spurious responses are attenuated by more than 20 dB below on-pulses, then EP can be achieved at the level of 10(-8) (one false read per 108 readings) with SNR >17 dB for any reasonable M and N. The tag reader range is estimated as a function of the transmitted power and EP.

Potts glass reflection of the decoding threshold for qudit quantum error correcting codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Yi; Kovalev, Alexey A.; Pryadko, Leonid P.

We map the maximum likelihood decoding threshold for qudit quantum error correcting codes to the multicritical point in generalized Potts gauge glass models, extending the map constructed previously for qubit codes. An n-qudit quantum LDPC code, where a qudit can be involved in up to m stabilizer generators, corresponds to a ℤd Potts model with n interaction terms which can couple up to m spins each. We analyze general properties of the phase diagram of the constructed model, give several bounds on the location of the transitions, bounds on the energy density of extended defects (non-local analogs of domain walls), and discuss the correlation functions which can be used to distinguish different phases in the original and the dual models. This research was supported in part by the Grants: NSF PHY-1415600 (AAK), NSF PHY-1416578 (LPP), and ARO W911NF-14-1-0272 (LPP).

METHES: A Monte Carlo collision code for the simulation of electron transport in low temperature plasmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rabie, M.; Franck, C. M.

2016-06-01

We present a freely available MATLAB code for the simulation of electron transport in arbitrary gas mixtures in the presence of uniform electric fields. For steady-state electron transport, the program provides the transport coefficients, reaction rates and the electron energy distribution function. The program uses established Monte Carlo techniques and is compatible with the electron scattering cross section files from the open-access Plasma Data Exchange Project LXCat. The code is written in object-oriented design, allowing the tracing and visualization of the spatiotemporal evolution of electron swarms and the temporal development of the mean energy and the electron number due to attachment and/or ionization processes. We benchmark our code with well-known model gases as well as the real gases argon, N2, O2, CF4, SF6 and mixtures of N2 and O2.

Enhanced fault-tolerant quantum computing in d-level systems.

PubMed

Campbell, Earl T

2014-12-05

Error-correcting codes protect quantum information and form the basis of fault-tolerant quantum computing. Leading proposals for fault-tolerant quantum computation require codes with an exceedingly rare property, a transversal non-Clifford gate. Codes with the desired property are presented for d-level qudit systems with prime d. The codes use n=d-1 qudits and can detect up to ∼d/3 errors. We quantify the performance of these codes for one approach to quantum computation known as magic-state distillation. Unlike prior work, we find performance is always enhanced by increasing d.

Improvement of Modeling HTGR Neutron Physics by Uncertainty Analysis with the Use of Cross-Section Covariance Information

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boyarinov, V. F.; Grol, A. V.; Fomichenko, P. A.; Ternovykh, M. Yu

2017-01-01

This work is aimed at improvement of HTGR neutron physics design calculations by application of uncertainty analysis with the use of cross-section covariance information. Methodology and codes for preparation of multigroup libraries of covariance information for individual isotopes from the basic 44-group library of SCALE-6 code system were developed. A 69-group library of covariance information in a special format for main isotopes and elements typical for high temperature gas cooled reactors (HTGR) was generated. This library can be used for estimation of uncertainties, associated with nuclear data, in analysis of HTGR neutron physics with design codes. As an example, calculations of one-group cross-section uncertainties for fission and capture reactions for main isotopes of the MHTGR-350 benchmark, as well as uncertainties of the multiplication factor (k∞) for the MHTGR-350 fuel compact cell model and fuel block model were performed. These uncertainties were estimated by the developed technology with the use of WIMS-D code and modules of SCALE-6 code system, namely, by TSUNAMI, KENO-VI and SAMS. Eight most important reactions on isotopes for MHTGR-350 benchmark were identified, namely: 10B(capt), 238U(n,γ), ν5, 235U(n,γ), 238U(el), natC(el), 235U(fiss)-235U(n,γ), 235U(fiss).

LIGKA: A linear gyrokinetic code for the description of background kinetic and fast particle effects on the MHD stability in tokamaks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lauber, Ph.; Günter, S.; Könies, A.; Pinches, S. D.

2007-09-01

In a plasma with a population of super-thermal particles generated by heating or fusion processes, kinetic effects can lead to the additional destabilisation of MHD modes or even to additional energetic particle modes. In order to describe these modes, a new linear gyrokinetic MHD code has been developed and tested, LIGKA (linear gyrokinetic shear Alfvén physics) [Ph. Lauber, Linear gyrokinetic description of fast particle effects on the MHD stability in tokamaks, Ph.D. Thesis, TU München, 2003; Ph. Lauber, S. Günter, S.D. Pinches, Phys. Plasmas 12 (2005) 122501], based on a gyrokinetic model [H. Qin, Gyrokinetic theory and computational methods for electromagnetic perturbations in tokamaks, Ph.D. Thesis, Princeton University, 1998]. A finite Larmor radius expansion together with the construction of some fluid moments and specification to the shear Alfvén regime results in a self-consistent, electromagnetic, non-perturbative model, that allows not only for growing or damped eigenvalues but also for a change in mode-structure of the magnetic perturbation due to the energetic particles and background kinetic effects. Compared to previous implementations [H. Qin, mentioned above], this model is coded in a more general and comprehensive way. LIGKA uses a Fourier decomposition in the poloidal coordinate and a finite element discretisation in the radial direction. Both analytical and numerical equilibria can be treated. Integration over the unperturbed particle orbits is performed with the drift-kinetic HAGIS code [S.D. Pinches, Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Nottingham, 1996; S.D. Pinches et al., CPC 111 (1998) 131] which accurately describes the particles' trajectories. This allows finite-banana-width effects to be implemented in a rigorous way since the linear formulation of the model allows the exchange of the unperturbed orbit integration and the discretisation of the perturbed potentials in the radial direction. Successful benchmarks for toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) and kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) with analytical results, ideal MHD codes, drift-kinetic codes and other codes based on kinetic models are reported.

Whole-genome sequencing identifies EN1 as a determinant of bone density and fracture

PubMed Central

Zheng, Hou-Feng; Forgetta, Vincenzo; Hsu, Yi-Hsiang; Estrada, Karol; Rosello-Diez, Alberto; Leo, Paul J; Dahia, Chitra L; Park-Min, Kyung Hyun; Tobias, Jonathan H; Kooperberg, Charles; Kleinman, Aaron; Styrkarsdottir, Unnur; Liu, Ching-Ti; Uggla, Charlotta; Evans, Daniel S; Nielson, Carrie M; Walter, Klaudia; Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika; McCarthy, Shane; Eriksson, Joel; Kwan, Tony; Jhamai, Mila; Trajanoska, Katerina; Memari, Yasin; Min, Josine; Huang, Jie; Danecek, Petr; Wilmot, Beth; Li, Rui; Chou, Wen-Chi; Mokry, Lauren E; Moayyeri, Alireza; Claussnitzer, Melina; Cheng, Chia-Ho; Cheung, Warren; Medina-Gómez, Carolina; Ge, Bing; Chen, Shu-Huang; Choi, Kwangbom; Oei, Ling; Fraser, James; Kraaij, Robert; Hibbs, Matthew A; Gregson, Celia L; Paquette, Denis; Hofman, Albert; Wibom, Carl; Tranah, Gregory J; Marshall, Mhairi; Gardiner, Brooke B; Cremin, Katie; Auer, Paul; Hsu, Li; Ring, Sue; Tung, Joyce Y; Thorleifsson, Gudmar; Enneman, Anke W; van Schoor, Natasja M; de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M.; van der Velde, Nathalie; Melin, Beatrice; Kemp, John P; Christiansen, Claus; Sayers, Adrian; Zhou, Yanhua; Calderari, Sophie; van Rooij, Jeroen; Carlson, Chris; Peters, Ulrike; Berlivet, Soizik; Dostie, Josée; Uitterlinden, Andre G; Williams, Stephen R.; Farber, Charles; Grinberg, Daniel; LaCroix, Andrea Z; Haessler, Jeff; Chasman, Daniel I; Giulianini, Franco; Rose, Lynda M; Ridker, Paul M; Eisman, John A; Nguyen, Tuan V; Center, Jacqueline R; Nogues, Xavier; Garcia-Giralt, Natalia; Launer, Lenore L; Gudnason, Vilmunder; Mellström, Dan; Vandenput, Liesbeth; Karlsson, Magnus K; Ljunggren, Östen; Svensson, Olle; Hallmans, Göran; Rousseau, François; Giroux, Sylvie; Bussière, Johanne; Arp, Pascal P; Koromani, Fjorda; Prince, Richard L; Lewis, Joshua R; Langdahl, Bente L; Hermann, A Pernille; Jensen, Jens-Erik B; Kaptoge, Stephen; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Reeve, Jonathan; Formosa, Melissa M; Xuereb-Anastasi, Angela; Åkesson, Kristina; McGuigan, Fiona E; Garg, Gaurav; Olmos, Jose M; Zarrabeitia, Maria T; Riancho, Jose A; Ralston, Stuart H; Alonso, Nerea; Jiang, Xi; Goltzman, David; Pastinen, Tomi; Grundberg, Elin; Gauguier, Dominique; Orwoll, Eric S; Karasik, David; Davey-Smith, George; Smith, Albert V; Siggeirsdottir, Kristin; Harris, Tamara B; Zillikens, M Carola; van Meurs, Joyce BJ; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur; Maurano, Matthew T; Timpson, Nicholas J; Soranzo, Nicole; Durbin, Richard; Wilson, Scott G; Ntzani, Evangelia E; Brown, Matthew A; Stefansson, Kari; Hinds, David A; Spector, Tim; Cupples, L Adrienne; Ohlsson, Claes; Greenwood, Celia MT; Jackson, Rebecca D; Rowe, David W; Loomis, Cynthia A; Evans, David M; Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl L; Joyner, Alexandra L; Duncan, Emma L; Kiel, Douglas P; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Richards, J Brent

2016-01-01

SUMMARY The extent to which low-frequency (minor allele frequency [MAF] between 1–5%) and rare (MAF ≤ 1%) variants contribute to complex traits and disease in the general population is largely unknown. Bone mineral density (BMD) is highly heritable, is a major predictor of osteoporotic fractures and has been previously associated with common genetic variants1–8, and rare, population-specific, coding variants9. Here we identify novel non-coding genetic variants with large effects on BMD (ntotal = 53,236) and fracture (ntotal = 508,253) in individuals of European ancestry from the general population. Associations for BMD were derived from whole-genome sequencing (n=2,882 from UK10K), whole-exome sequencing (n= 3,549), deep imputation of genotyped samples using a combined UK10K/1000Genomes reference panel (n=26,534), and de-novo replication genotyping (n= 20,271). We identified a low-frequency non-coding variant near a novel locus, EN1, with an effect size 4-fold larger than the mean of previously reported common variants for lumbar spine BMD8 (rs11692564[T], MAF = 1.7%, replication effect size = +0.20 standard deviations [SD], Pmeta = 2×10−14), which was also associated with a decreased risk of fracture (OR = 0.85; P = 2×10−11; ncases = 98,742 and ncontrols = 409,511). Using an En1Cre/flox mouse model, we observed that conditional loss of En1 results in low bone mass, likely as a consequence of high bone turn-over. We also identified a novel low-frequency non-coding variant with large effects on BMD near WNT16 (rs148771817[T], MAF = 1.1%, replication effect size = +0.39 SD, Pmeta = 1×10−11). In general, there was an excess of association signals arising from deleterious coding and conserved non-coding variants. These findings provide evidence that low-frequency non-coding variants have large effects on BMD and fracture, thereby providing rationale for whole-genome sequencing and improved imputation reference panels to study the genetic architecture of complex traits and disease in the general population. PMID:26367794

New syndrome decoder for (n, 1) convolutional codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, I. S.; Truong, T. K.

1983-01-01

The letter presents a new syndrome decoding algorithm for the (n, 1) convolutional codes (CC) that is different and simpler than the previous syndrome decoding algorithm of Schalkwijk and Vinck. The new technique uses the general solution of the polynomial linear Diophantine equation for the error polynomial vector E(D). A recursive, Viterbi-like, algorithm is developed to find the minimum weight error vector E(D). An example is given for the binary nonsystematic (2, 1) CC.

E-O Sensor Signal Recognition Simulation: Computer Code SPOT I.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-10-01

scattering phase function PDCO , defined at the specified wavelength, given for each of the scattering angles defined. Currently, a maximum of sixty-four...PHASE MATRIX DATA IS DEFINED PDCO AVERAGE PROBABILITY FOR PHASE MATRIX DEFINITION NPROB PROBLEM NUMBER 54 Fig. 12. FLOWCHART for the SPOT Computer Code...El0.1 WLAM(N) Wavelength at which the aerosol single-scattering phase function set is defined (microns) 3 8El0.1 PDCO (N,I) Average probability for

Examination of Airborne FDEM System Attributes for UXO Mapping and Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-01

quadrature output should only occur when there is a distortion in the transmitter waveform signal that correlates with the quadrature part of the...suggested that the S/N performance of the quadrature output of the two FDEM designs would be similar to the observed S/N of TEM systems, though...the semi-airborne configuration. We propose to extend the current SAIC codes to address this need, and to perform additional modeling using codes

Fault-Tolerant Coding for State Machines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Naegle, Stephanie Taft; Burke, Gary; Newell, Michael

2008-01-01

Two reliable fault-tolerant coding schemes have been proposed for state machines that are used in field-programmable gate arrays and application-specific integrated circuits to implement sequential logic functions. The schemes apply to strings of bits in state registers, which are typically implemented in practice as assemblies of flip-flop circuits. If a single-event upset (SEU, a radiation-induced change in the bit in one flip-flop) occurs in a state register, the state machine that contains the register could go into an erroneous state or could hang, by which is meant that the machine could remain in undefined states indefinitely. The proposed fault-tolerant coding schemes are intended to prevent the state machine from going into an erroneous or hang state when an SEU occurs. To ensure reliability of the state machine, the coding scheme for bits in the state register must satisfy the following criteria: 1. All possible states are defined. 2. An SEU brings the state machine to a known state. 3. There is no possibility of a hang state. 4. No false state is entered. 5. An SEU exerts no effect on the state machine. Fault-tolerant coding schemes that have been commonly used include binary encoding and "one-hot" encoding. Binary encoding is the simplest state machine encoding and satisfies criteria 1 through 3 if all possible states are defined. Binary encoding is a binary count of the state machine number in sequence; the table represents an eight-state example. In one-hot encoding, N bits are used to represent N states: All except one of the bits in a string are 0, and the position of the 1 in the string represents the state. With proper circuit design, one-hot encoding can satisfy criteria 1 through 4. Unfortunately, the requirement to use N bits to represent N states makes one-hot coding inefficient.

Dental students consistency in applying the ICDAS system within paediatric dentistry.

PubMed

Foley, J I

2012-12-01

To examine dental students' consistency in utilising the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) one and three months after training. A prospective study. All clinical dental students (Year Two: BDS2; Year Three: BDS3; Year Four: BDS4) as part of their education in Paediatric Dentistry at Aberdeen Dental School (n = 56) received baseline training by two "gold-standard" examiners and were advised to complete the 90-minute ICDAS e-learning program. Study One: One month later, the occlusal surface of 40 extracted primary and permanent molar teeth were examined and assigned both a caries (0-6 scale) and restorative code (0-9 scale). Study Two: The same teeth were examined three months later. Kappa statistics were used to determine inter- and intra-examiner reliability at baseline and after three months. In total, 31 students (BDS2: n = 9; BDS3: n = 8; BDS4: n = 14) completed both examinations. The inter-examiner reliability kappa scores for restoration codes for Study One and Study Two were: BDS2: 0.47 and 0.38; BDS3: 0.61 and 0.52 and BDS4: 0.56 and 0.52. The caries scores for the two studies were: BDS2: 0.31 and 0.20; BDS3: 0.45 and 0.32 and BDS4: 0.35 and 0.34. The intra-examiner reliability range for restoration codes were: BDS2: 0.20 to 0.55; BDS3: 0.34 to 0.72 and BDS4: 0.28 to 0.80. The intra-examiner reliability range for caries codes were: BDS2: 0.35 to 0.62; BDS3: 0.22 to 0.53 and BDS4: 0.22 to 0.65. The consistency of ICDAS codes varied between students and also, between year groups. In general, consistency was greater for restoration codes.

Code Lavender: Cultivating Intentional Acts of Kindness in Response to Stressful Work Situations.

PubMed

Davidson, Judy E; Graham, Patricia; Montross-Thomas, Lori; Norcross, William; Zerbi, Giovanna

Providing healthcare can be stressful. Gone unchecked, clinicians may experience decreased compassion, and increased burnout or secondary traumatic stress. Code Lavender is designed to increase acts of kindness after stressful workplace events occur. To test the feasibility of providing Code Lavender. After stressful events in the workplace, staff will provide, receive, and recommend Code Lavender to others. The provision of Code Lavender will improve Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQoL) scores, general job satisfaction, and feeling cared for in the workplace. Pilot program testing and evaluation. Staff and physicians on four hospital units were informed of the Code Lavender kit availability, which includes words of comfort, chocolate, lavender essential oil, and employee health referral information. Feasibility data and ProQoL scores were collected at baseline and three months. At baseline, 48% (n = 164) reported a stressful event at work in the last three months. Post-intervention, 51% reported experiencing a stressful workplace event, with 32% receiving a Code Lavender kit from their co-workers as a result (n = 83). Of those who received the Code Lavender intervention; 100% found it helpful, and 84% would recommend it to others. No significant changes were demonstrated before and after the intervention in ProQoL scores or job satisfaction, however the emotion of feeling cared-for improved. Results warrant continuation and further dissemination of Code Lavender. Investigators have received requests to expand the program implying positive reception of the intervention. Additional interventions are needed to overcome workplace stressors. A more intense peer support program is being tested. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Assessment for Dyslexia in Adolescents and Young Adults

PubMed Central

Nielsen, Kathleen; Abbott, Robert; Griffin, Whitney; Lott, Joe; Raskind, Wendy; Berninger, Virginia W.

2016-01-01

The same working memory and reading and writing achievement phenotypes (behavioral markers of genetic variants) validated in prior research with younger children and older adults in a multi-generational family genetics study of dyslexia were used to study 81 adolescent and young adults (ages 16 to 25) from that study. Dyslexia is impaired word reading and spelling skills below the population mean and ability to use oral language to express thinking. These working memory predictor measures were given and used to predict reading and writing achievement: Coding (storing and processing) heard and spoken words (phonological coding), read and written words (orthographic coding), base words and affixes (morphological coding), and accumulating words over time (syntax coding); Cross-Code Integration (phonological loop for linking phonological name and orthographic letter codes and orthographic loop for linking orthographic letter codes and finger sequencing codes), and Supervisory Attention (focused and switching attention and self-monitoring during written word finding). Multiple regressions showed that most predictors explained individual difference in at least one reading or writing outcome, but which predictors explained unique variance beyond shared variance depended on outcome. ANOVAs confirmed that research-supported criteria for dyslexia validated for younger children and their parents could be used to diagnose which adolescents and young adults did (n=31) or did not (n=50) meet research criteria for dyslexia. Findings are discussed in reference to the heterogeneity of phenotypes (behavioral markers of genetic variables) and their application to assessment for accommodations and ongoing instruction for adolescents and young adults with dyslexia. PMID:26855554

Continuous-variable quantum network coding for coherent states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shang, Tao; Li, Ke; Liu, Jian-wei

2017-04-01

As far as the spectral characteristic of quantum information is concerned, the existing quantum network coding schemes can be looked on as the discrete-variable quantum network coding schemes. Considering the practical advantage of continuous variables, in this paper, we explore two feasible continuous-variable quantum network coding (CVQNC) schemes. Basic operations and CVQNC schemes are both provided. The first scheme is based on Gaussian cloning and ADD/SUB operators and can transmit two coherent states across with a fidelity of 1/2, while the second scheme utilizes continuous-variable quantum teleportation and can transmit two coherent states perfectly. By encoding classical information on quantum states, quantum network coding schemes can be utilized to transmit classical information. Scheme analysis shows that compared with the discrete-variable paradigms, the proposed CVQNC schemes provide better network throughput from the viewpoint of classical information transmission. By modulating the amplitude and phase quadratures of coherent states with classical characters, the first scheme and the second scheme can transmit 4{log _2}N and 2{log _2}N bits of information by a single network use, respectively.

Magnetosphere simulations with a high-performance 3D AMR MHD Code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gombosi, Tamas; Dezeeuw, Darren; Groth, Clinton; Powell, Kenneth; Song, Paul

1998-11-01

BATS-R-US is a high-performance 3D AMR MHD code for space physics applications running on massively parallel supercomputers. In BATS-R-US the electromagnetic and fluid equations are solved with a high-resolution upwind numerical scheme in a tightly coupled manner. The code is very robust and it is capable of spanning a wide range of plasma parameters (such as β, acoustic and Alfvénic Mach numbers). Our code is highly scalable: it achieved a sustained performance of 233 GFLOPS on a Cray T3E-1200 supercomputer with 1024 PEs. This talk reports results from the BATS-R-US code for the GGCM (Geospace General Circularculation Model) Phase 1 Standard Model Suite. This model suite contains 10 different steady-state configurations: 5 IMF clock angles (north, south, and three equally spaced angles in- between) with 2 IMF field strengths for each angle (5 nT and 10 nT). The other parameters are: solar wind speed =400 km/sec; solar wind number density = 5 protons/cc; Hall conductance = 0; Pedersen conductance = 5 S; parallel conductivity = ∞.

Considerations of MCNP Monte Carlo code to be used as a radiotherapy treatment planning tool.

PubMed

Juste, B; Miro, R; Gallardo, S; Verdu, G; Santos, A

2005-01-01

The present work has simulated the photon and electron transport in a Theratron 780® (MDS Nordion)⁶⁰Co radiotherapy unit, using the Monte Carlo transport code, MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particle). This project explains mainly the different methodologies carried out to speedup calculations in order to apply this code efficiently in radiotherapy treatment planning.

Sound Speed and Attenuation in Multiphase Media

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-09-30

Number: N00014-04-1-0164 LONG-TERM GOALS One research goal developed from conducted shallow water (SW) acoustic transmission experiments in...code 1 only 14. ABSTRACT One research goal developed from conducted shallow water (SW) acoustic transmission experiments in sandy-silty areas [1...propagation code, such as Kraken [11], or with a poroelastic -parabolic-equation code, Ram, [ 12,13 ] with a depth dependent profiles and frequency

Late night activity regarding stroke codes: LuNAR strokes.

PubMed

Tafreshi, Gilda; Raman, Rema; Ernstrom, Karin; Rapp, Karen; Meyer, Brett C

2012-08-01

There is diurnal variation for cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death. Stroke may show a similar pattern. We assessed whether strokes presenting during a particular time of day or night are more likely of vascular etiology. To compare emergency department stroke codes arriving between 22:00 and 8:00 hours (LuNAR strokes) vs. others (n-LuNAR strokes). The purpose was to determine if late night strokes are more likely to be true strokes or warrant acute tissue plasminogen activator evaluations. We reviewed prospectively collected cases in the University of California, San Diego Stroke Team database gathered over a four-year period. Stroke codes at six emergency departments were classified based on arrival time. Those arriving between 22:00 and 8:00 hours were classified as LuNAR stroke codes, the remainder were classified as 'n-LuNAR'. Patients were further classified as intracerebral hemorrhage, acute ischemic stroke not receiving tissue plasminogen activator, acute ischemic stroke receiving tissue plasminogen activator, transient ischemic attack, and nonstroke. Categorical outcomes were compared using Fisher's Exact test. Continuous outcomes were compared using Wilcoxon's Rank-sum test. A total of 1607 patients were included in our study, of which, 299 (19%) were LuNAR code strokes. The overall median NIHSS was five, higher in the LuNAR group (n-LuNAR 5, LuNAR 7; P=0·022). There was no overall differences in patient diagnoses between LuNAR and n-LuNAR strokes (P=0·169) or diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke receiving tissue plasminogen activator (n-LuNAR 191 (14·6%), LuNAR 42 (14·0%); P=0·86). Mean arrival to computed tomography scan time was longer during LuNAR hours (n-LuNAR 54·9±76·3 min, LuNAR 62·5±87·7 min; P=0·027). There was no significant difference in 90-day mortality (n-LuNAR 15·0%, LuNAR 13·2%; P=0·45). Our stroke center experience showed no difference in diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke between day and night stroke codes. This similarity was further supported in similar rates of tissue plasminogen activator administration. Late night strokes may warrant a more rapid stroke specialist evaluation due to the longer time elapsed from symptom onset and the longer time to computed tomography scan. © 2011 The Authors. International Journal of Stroke © 2011 World Stroke Organization.

New Approaches to Coding Information using Inverse Scattering Transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frumin, L. L.; Gelash, A. A.; Turitsyn, S. K.

2017-06-01

Remarkable mathematical properties of the integrable nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) can offer advanced solutions for the mitigation of nonlinear signal distortions in optical fiber links. Fundamental optical soliton, continuous, and discrete eigenvalues of the nonlinear spectrum have already been considered for the transmission of information in fiber-optic channels. Here, we propose to apply signal modulation to the kernel of the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko equations that offers the advantage of a relatively simple decoder design. First, we describe an approach based on exploiting the general N -soliton solution of the NLSE for simultaneous coding of N symbols involving 4 ×N coding parameters. As a specific elegant subclass of the general schemes, we introduce a soliton orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SOFDM) method. This method is based on the choice of identical imaginary parts of the N -soliton solution eigenvalues, corresponding to equidistant soliton frequencies, making it similar to the conventional OFDM scheme, thus, allowing for the use of the efficient fast Fourier transform algorithm to recover the data. Then, we demonstrate how to use this new approach to control signal parameters in the case of the continuous spectrum.

Transcriptome interrogation of human myometrium identifies differentially expressed sense-antisense pairs of protein-coding and long non-coding RNA genes in spontaneous labor at term.

PubMed

Romero, Roberto; Tarca, Adi L; Chaemsaithong, Piya; Miranda, Jezid; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Jia, Hui; Hassan, Sonia S; Kalita, Cynthia A; Cai, Juan; Yeo, Lami; Lipovich, Leonard

2014-09-01

To identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes in human myometrium in women with spontaneous labor at term. Myometrium was obtained from women undergoing cesarean deliveries who were not in labor (n = 19) and women in spontaneous labor at term (n = 20). RNA was extracted and profiled using an Illumina® microarray platform. We have used computational approaches to bound the extent of long non-coding RNA representation on this platform, and to identify co-differentially expressed and correlated pairs of long non-coding RNA genes and protein-coding genes sharing the same genomic loci. We identified co-differential expression and correlation at two genomic loci that contain coding-lncRNA gene pairs: SOCS2-AK054607 and LMCD1-NR_024065 in women in spontaneous labor at term. This co-differential expression and correlation was validated by qRT-PCR, an experimental method completely independent of the microarray analysis. Intriguingly, one of the two lncRNA genes differentially expressed in term labor had a key genomic structure element, a splice site, that lacked evolutionary conservation beyond primates. We provide, for the first time, evidence for coordinated differential expression and correlation of cis-encoded antisense lncRNAs and protein-coding genes with known as well as novel roles in pregnancy in the myometrium of women in spontaneous labor at term.

Highly fault-tolerant parallel computation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Spielman, D.A.

We re-introduce the coded model of fault-tolerant computation in which the input and output of a computational device are treated as words in an error-correcting code. A computational device correctly computes a function in the coded model if its input and output, once decoded, are a valid input and output of the function. In the coded model, it is reasonable to hope to simulate all computational devices by devices whose size is greater by a constant factor but which are exponentially reliable even if each of their components can fail with some constant probability. We consider fine-grained parallel computations inmore » which each processor has a constant probability of producing the wrong output at each time step. We show that any parallel computation that runs for time t on w processors can be performed reliably on a faulty machine in the coded model using w log{sup O(l)} w processors and time t log{sup O(l)} w. The failure probability of the computation will be at most t {center_dot} exp(-w{sup 1/4}). The codes used to communicate with our fault-tolerant machines are generalized Reed-Solomon codes and can thus be encoded and decoded in O(n log{sup O(1)} n) sequential time and are independent of the machine they are used to communicate with. We also show how coded computation can be used to self-correct many linear functions in parallel with arbitrarily small overhead.« less

Differences in the causes of death of HIV-positive patients in a cohort study by data sources and coding algorithms.

PubMed

Hernando, Victoria; Sobrino-Vegas, Paz; Burriel, M Carmen; Berenguer, Juan; Navarro, Gemma; Santos, Ignacio; Reparaz, Jesús; Martínez, M Angeles; Antela, Antonio; Gutiérrez, Félix; del Amo, Julia

2012-09-10

To compare causes of death (CoDs) from two independent sources: National Basic Death File (NBDF) and deaths reported to the Spanish HIV Research cohort [Cohort de adultos con infección por VIH de la Red de Investigación en SIDA CoRIS)] and compare the two coding algorithms: International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) and revised version of Coding Causes of Death in HIV (revised CoDe). Between 2004 and 2008, CoDs were obtained from the cohort records (free text, multiple causes) and also from NBDF (ICD-10). CoDs from CoRIS were coded according to ICD-10 and revised CoDe by a panel. Deaths were compared by 13 disease groups: HIV/AIDS, liver diseases, malignancies, infections, cardiovascular, blood disorders, pulmonary, central nervous system, drug use, external, suicide, other causes and ill defined. There were 160 deaths. Concordance for the 13 groups was observed in 111 (69%) cases for the two sources and in 115 (72%) cases for the two coding algorithms. According to revised CoDe, the commonest CoDs were HIV/AIDS (53%), non-AIDS malignancies (11%) and liver related (9%), these percentages were similar, 57, 10 and 8%, respectively, for NBDF (coded as ICD-10). When using ICD-10 to code deaths in CoRIS, wherein HIV infection was known in everyone, the proportion of non-AIDS malignancies was 13%, liver-related accounted for 3%, while HIV/AIDS reached 70% due to liver-related, infections and ill-defined causes being coded as HIV/AIDS. There is substantial variation in CoDs in HIV-infected persons according to sources and algorithms. ICD-10 in patients known to be HIV-positive overestimates HIV/AIDS-related deaths at the expense of underestimating liver-related diseases, infections and ill defined causes. CoDe seems as the best option for cohort studies.

Use of Emergency Department Data to Monitor and Respond to an Increase in Opioid Overdoses in New Hampshire, 2011-2015.

PubMed

Daly, Elizabeth R; Dufault, Kenneth; Swenson, David J; Lakevicius, Paul; Metcalf, Erin; Chan, Benjamin P

Opioid-related overdoses and deaths in New Hampshire have increased substantially in recent years, similar to increases observed across the United States. We queried emergency department (ED) data in New Hampshire to monitor opioid-related ED encounters as part of the public health response to this health problem. We obtained data on opioid-related ED encounters for the period January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2015, from New Hampshire's syndromic surveillance ED data system by querying for (1) chief complaint text related to the words "fentanyl," "heroin," "opiate," and "opioid" and (2) opioid-related International Classification of Diseases ( ICD) codes. We then analyzed the data to calculate frequencies of opioid-related ED encounters by age, sex, residence, chief complaint text values, and ICD codes. Opioid-related ED encounters increased by 70% during the study period, from 3300 in 2011 to 5603 in 2015; the largest increases occurred in adults aged 18-29 and in males. Of 20 994 total opioid-related ED visits, we identified 18 554 (88%) using ICD code alone, 690 (3%) using chief complaint text alone, and 1750 (8%) using both chief complaint text and ICD code. For those encounters identified by ICD code only, the corresponding chief complaint text included varied and nonspecific words, with the most common being "pain" (n = 3335, 18%), "overdose" (n = 1555, 8%), "suicidal" (n = 816, 4%), "drug" (n = 803, 4%), and "detox" (n = 750, 4%). Heroin-specific encounters increased by 827%, from 4% of opioid-related encounters in 2011 to 24% of encounters in 2015. Opioid-related ED encounters in New Hampshire increased substantially from 2011 to 2015. Data from New Hampshire's ED syndromic surveillance system provided timely situational awareness to public health partners to support the overall response to the opioid epidemic.

Solving large scale structure in ten easy steps with COLA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tassev, Svetlin; Zaldarriaga, Matias; Eisenstein, Daniel J.

2013-06-01

We present the COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration (COLA) method: an N-body method for solving for Large Scale Structure (LSS) in a frame that is comoving with observers following trajectories calculated in Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (LPT). Unlike standard N-body methods, the COLA method can straightforwardly trade accuracy at small-scales in order to gain computational speed without sacrificing accuracy at large scales. This is especially useful for cheaply generating large ensembles of accurate mock halo catalogs required to study galaxy clustering and weak lensing, as those catalogs are essential for performing detailed error analysis for ongoing and future surveys of LSS. As an illustration, we ran a COLA-based N-body code on a box of size 100 Mpc/h with particles of mass ≈ 5 × 109Msolar/h. Running the code with only 10 timesteps was sufficient to obtain an accurate description of halo statistics down to halo masses of at least 1011Msolar/h. This is only at a modest speed penalty when compared to mocks obtained with LPT. A standard detailed N-body run is orders of magnitude slower than our COLA-based code. The speed-up we obtain with COLA is due to the fact that we calculate the large-scale dynamics exactly using LPT, while letting the N-body code solve for the small scales, without requiring it to capture exactly the internal dynamics of halos. Achieving a similar level of accuracy in halo statistics without the COLA method requires at least 3 times more timesteps than when COLA is employed.

Relativistic Eulerian Vlasov simulations of the amplification of seed pulses by Brillouin backscattering in plasmas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shoucri, M., E-mail: Shoucri.Magdi@ireq.ca; Matte, J.-P.; Vidal, F.

We apply an Eulerian Vlasov code to study the amplification by Brillouin scattering of a short seed laser pulse by a long pump laser pulse in an underdense plasma. The stimulated Brillouin backscattering interaction is the coupling of the pump and seed electromagnetic waves propagating in opposite directions, and the ion plasma wave. The code solves the one-dimensional relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell set of equations. Large amplitude ion waves are generated. In the simulations we present, the density plateau of the plasma is n{sub e}=0.3 n{sub c} (n{sub c} is the critical density), which excludes spurious stimulated Raman scattering amplification (which can occurmore » only if n{sub e}« less

Analysis of soft x-ray emission spectra of laser-produced dysprosium, erbium and thulium plasmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sheil, John; Dunne, Padraig; Higashiguchi, Takeshi; Kos, Domagoj; Long, Elaine; Miyazaki, Takanori; O'Reilly, Fergal; O'Sullivan, Gerard; Sheridan, Paul; Suzuki, Chihiro; Sokell, Emma; White, Elgiva; Kilbane, Deirdre

2017-03-01

Soft x-ray emission spectra of dysprosium, erbium and thulium ions created in laser-produced plasmas were recorded with a flat-field grazing-incidence spectrometer in the 2.5-8 nm spectral range. The ions were produced using an Nd:YAG laser of 7 ns pulse duration and the spectra were recorded at various power densities. The experimental spectra were interpreted with the aid of the Cowan suite of atomic structure codes and the flexible atomic code. At wavelengths above 5.5 nm the spectra are dominated by overlapping n = 4 - n = 4 unresolved transition arrays from adjacent ion stages. Below 6 nm, n = 4 - n = 5 transitions also give rise to a series of interesting overlapping spectral features.

Force field development with GOMC, a fast new Monte Carlo molecular simulation code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mick, Jason Richard

In this work GOMC (GPU Optimized Monte Carlo) a new fast, flexible, and free molecular Monte Carlo code for the simulation atomistic chemical systems is presented. The results of a large Lennard-Jonesium simulation in the Gibbs ensemble is presented. Force fields developed using the code are also presented. To fit the models a quantitative fitting process is outlined using a scoring function and heat maps. The presented n-6 force fields include force fields for noble gases and branched alkanes. These force fields are shown to be the most accurate LJ or n-6 force fields to date for these compounds, capable of reproducing pure fluid behavior and binary mixture behavior to a high degree of accuracy.

Performance analysis of a cascaded coding scheme with interleaved outer code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, S.

1986-01-01

A cascaded coding scheme for a random error channel with a bit-error rate is analyzed. In this scheme, the inner code C sub 1 is an (n sub 1, m sub 1l) binary linear block code which is designed for simultaneous error correction and detection. The outer code C sub 2 is a linear block code with symbols from the Galois field GF (2 sup l) which is designed for correcting both symbol errors and erasures, and is interleaved with a degree m sub 1. A procedure for computing the probability of a correct decoding is presented and an upper bound on the probability of a decoding error is derived. The bound provides much better results than the previous bound for a cascaded coding scheme with an interleaved outer code. Example schemes with inner codes ranging from high rates to very low rates are evaluated. Several schemes provide extremely high reliability even for very high bit-error rates say 10 to the -1 to 10 to the -2 power.

New syndrome decoding techniques for the (n, k) convolutional codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, I. S.; Truong, T. K.

1984-01-01

This paper presents a new syndrome decoding algorithm for the (n, k) convolutional codes (CC) which differs completely from an earlier syndrome decoding algorithm of Schalkwijk and Vinck. The new algorithm is based on the general solution of the syndrome equation, a linear Diophantine equation for the error polynomial vector E(D). The set of Diophantine solutions is a coset of the CC. In this error coset a recursive, Viterbi-like algorithm is developed to find the minimum weight error vector (circumflex)E(D). An example, illustrating the new decoding algorithm, is given for the binary nonsystemmatic (3, 1)CC. Previously announced in STAR as N83-34964

Cosmology in one dimension: Vlasov dynamics.

PubMed

Manfredi, Giovanni; Rouet, Jean-Louis; Miller, Bruce; Shiozawa, Yui

2016-04-01

Numerical simulations of self-gravitating systems are generally based on N-body codes, which solve the equations of motion of a large number of interacting particles. This approach suffers from poor statistical sampling in regions of low density. In contrast, Vlasov codes, by meshing the entire phase space, can reach higher accuracy irrespective of the density. Here, we perform one-dimensional Vlasov simulations of a long-standing cosmological problem, namely, the fractal properties of an expanding Einstein-de Sitter universe in Newtonian gravity. The N-body results are confirmed for high-density regions and extended to regions of low matter density, where the N-body approach usually fails.

Visual Dysfunction Following Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury from the Battlefield

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

and visual disorders is varied, depending on the diagnostic criteria, condition and patient popu- lation, but has primarily been studied in civilian... diagnostic codes for ‘disorders of the eye and adnexa’ (360.0– 379.9) obtained from electronic outpatient medical records (Standard Ambulatory Data Record) and...disorder diagnostic category by TBI status. ICD-9-CM code and categorya TBI (n¼ 837) Other injury (n¼1417) 360 Disorders of the globe 0 1 ɘ.1% 361

IEEE International Symposium Information Theory, held at Santa Monica California, February 9-12, 1981.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

Channel and study permutation codes as a special case. ,uch a code is generated by an initial vector x, a group G of orthogonal n by n matrices, and a...random-access components, is introduced and studied . Under this scheme, the network stations are divided into groups , each of which is assigned a...IEEE INFORMATION THEORY GROUP CO-SPONSORED BY: UNION RADIO SCIENTIFIQUE INTERNATIONALE IEEE Catalog Number 81 CH 1609-7 IT 𔃻. 81 ~20 04Q SECURITY

An extended Reed Solomon decoder design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, J.; Owsley, P.; Purviance, J.

1991-01-01

It has previously been shown that the Reed-Solomon (RS) codes can correct errors beyond the Singleton and Rieger Bounds with an arbitrarily small probability of a miscorrect. That is, an (n,k) RS code can correct more than (n-k)/2 errors. An implementation of such an RS decoder is presented in this paper. An existing RS decoder, the AHA4010, is utilized in this work. This decoder is especially useful for errors which are patterned with a long burst plus some random errors.

Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-07-28

AERONAUTICA ET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA - <,y English pages: 212 _r Source : Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, Vol. 2, Nr. 4, December 1981 , . pp. 1...ADVOCATED OR IMPLIED ARE THOSE OP THE SOURCE ANDDO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THE POSITION TRANSLATION DIVISION OR OPINION OF THE FOREnjN TECHNOLOGY DI...axial) solution section code 2 Lower Corner Symbols i code of sectional cylindrical coordinate system j,k radial and peripheral codes of solution

ILIR 󈧅: SSC San Diego In-House Laboratory Independent Research 2001 Annual Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-05-01

canine distemper virus (CDV) (a morbillivirus closely related to one infecting marine mammals) by intramuscular or intradermal inoculation with a...data.* 3. Sixt, N., A. Cardoso, A. Vallier, J. Fayolle, R. Buckland, T. F. Wild. 1998. “Canine Distemper Virus DNA Vaccination Induces Humoral and...Complementary Code Keying CCSK Cyclic Code Shift Keying CDMA Code Division Multiplexing CDV Canine Distemper Virus CFAR Constant False Alarm

Relating quantum discord with the quantum dense coding capacity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, Xin; Qiu, Liang, E-mail: lqiu@cumt.edu.cn; Li, Song

2015-01-15

We establish the relations between quantum discord and the quantum dense coding capacity in (n + 1)-particle quantum states. A necessary condition for the vanishing discord monogamy score is given. We also find that the loss of quantum dense coding capacity due to decoherence is bounded below by the sum of quantum discord. When these results are restricted to three-particle quantum states, some complementarity relations are obtained.

A combined Fuzzy and Naive Bayesian strategy can be used to assign event codes to injury narratives.

PubMed

Marucci-Wellman, H; Lehto, M; Corns, H

2011-12-01

Bayesian methods show promise for classifying injury narratives from large administrative datasets into cause groups. This study examined a combined approach where two Bayesian models (Fuzzy and Naïve) were used to either classify a narrative or select it for manual review. Injury narratives were extracted from claims filed with a worker's compensation insurance provider between January 2002 and December 2004. Narratives were separated into a training set (n=11,000) and prediction set (n=3,000). Expert coders assigned two-digit Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Injury and Illness Classification event codes to each narrative. Fuzzy and Naïve Bayesian models were developed using manually classified cases in the training set. Two semi-automatic machine coding strategies were evaluated. The first strategy assigned cases for manual review if the Fuzzy and Naïve models disagreed on the classification. The second strategy selected additional cases for manual review from the Agree dataset using prediction strength to reach a level of 50% computer coding and 50% manual coding. When agreement alone was used as the filtering strategy, the majority were coded by the computer (n=1,928, 64%) leaving 36% for manual review. The overall combined (human plus computer) sensitivity was 0.90 and positive predictive value (PPV) was >0.90 for 11 of 18 2-digit event categories. Implementing the 2nd strategy improved results with an overall sensitivity of 0.95 and PPV >0.90 for 17 of 18 categories. A combined Naïve-Fuzzy Bayesian approach can classify some narratives with high accuracy and identify others most beneficial for manual review, reducing the burden on human coders.

The Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool: development and reliability testing of a method for service monitoring and organisational learning

PubMed Central

Gillespie, Alex; Reader, Tom W

2016-01-01

Background Letters of complaint written by patients and their advocates reporting poor healthcare experiences represent an under-used data source. The lack of a method for extracting reliable data from these heterogeneous letters hinders their use for monitoring and learning. To address this gap, we report on the development and reliability testing of the Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool (HCAT). Methods HCAT was developed from a taxonomy of healthcare complaints reported in a previously published systematic review. It introduces the novel idea that complaints should be analysed in terms of severity. Recruiting three groups of educated lay participants (n=58, n=58, n=55), we refined the taxonomy through three iterations of discriminant content validity testing. We then supplemented this refined taxonomy with explicit coding procedures for seven problem categories (each with four levels of severity), stage of care and harm. These combined elements were further refined through iterative coding of a UK national sample of healthcare complaints (n= 25, n=80, n=137, n=839). To assess reliability and accuracy for the resultant tool, 14 educated lay participants coded a referent sample of 125 healthcare complaints. Results The seven HCAT problem categories (quality, safety, environment, institutional processes, listening, communication, and respect and patient rights) were found to be conceptually distinct. On average, raters identified 1.94 problems (SD=0.26) per complaint letter. Coders exhibited substantial reliability in identifying problems at four levels of severity; moderate and substantial reliability in identifying stages of care (except for ‘discharge/transfer’ that was only fairly reliable) and substantial reliability in identifying overall harm. Conclusions HCAT is not only the first reliable tool for coding complaints, it is the first tool to measure the severity of complaints. It facilitates service monitoring and organisational learning and it enables future research examining whether healthcare complaints are a leading indicator of poor service outcomes. HCAT is freely available to download and use. PMID:26740496

Neutron-induced reaction cross-sections of 93Nb with fast neutron based on 9Be(p,n) reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Naik, H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, K.; Zaman, M.; Nadeem, M.; Sahid, M.

2018-02-01

The cross-sections of the 93Nb (n , 2 n)92mNb, 93Nb (n , 3 n)91mNb and 93Nb (n , 4 n)90Nb reactions with the average neutron energies of 14.4 to 34.0 MeV have been determined by using an activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. The fast neutrons were produced using the 9Be (p , n) reaction with the proton energies of 25-, 35- and 45-MeV from the MC-50 Cyclotron at the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS). The neutron flux-weighted average cross-sections of the 93Nb(n , xn ; x = 2- 4) reactions were also obtained from the mono-energetic neutron-induced reaction cross-sections of 93Nb calculated using the TALYS 1.8 code, and the neutron flux spectrum based on the MCNPX 2.6.0 code. The present results for the 93Nb(n , xn ; x = 2- 4) reactions are compared with the calculated neutron flux-weighted average values and found to be in good agreement.

Maximum likelihood decoding of Reed Solomon Codes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sudan, M.

We present a randomized algorithm which takes as input n distinct points ((x{sub i}, y{sub i})){sup n}{sub i=1} from F x F (where F is a field) and integer parameters t and d and returns a list of all univariate polynomials f over F in the variable x of degree at most d which agree with the given set of points in at least t places (i.e., y{sub i} = f (x{sub i}) for at least t values of i), provided t = {Omega}({radical}nd). The running time is bounded by a polynomial in n. This immediately provides a maximum likelihoodmore » decoding algorithm for Reed Solomon Codes, which works in a setting with a larger number of errors than any previously known algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first efficient (i.e., polynomial time bounded) algorithm which provides some maximum likelihood decoding for any efficient (i.e., constant or even polynomial rate) code.« less

Global Nursing Issues and Development: Analysis of World Health Organization Documents.

PubMed

Wong, Frances Kam Yuet; Liu, Huaping; Wang, Hui; Anderson, Debra; Seib, Charrlotte; Molasiotis, Alex

2015-11-01

To analyze World Health Organization (WHO) documents to identify global nursing issues and development. Qualitative content analysis. Documents published by the six WHO regions between 2007 and 2012 and with key words related to nurse/midwife or nursing/midwifery were included. Themes, categories, and subcategories were derived. The final coding reached 80% agreement among three independent coders, and the final coding for the discrepant coding was reached by consensus. Thirty-two documents from the regions of Europe (n = 19), the Americas (n = 6), the Western Pacific (n = 4), Africa (n = 1), the Eastern Mediterranean (n = 1), and Southeast Asia (n = 1) were examined. A total of 385 units of analysis dispersed in 31 subcategories under four themes were derived. The four themes derived (number of unit of analysis, %) were Management & Leadership (206, 53.5), Practice (75, 19.5), Education (70, 18.2), and Research (34, 8.8). The key nursing issues of concern at the global level are workforce, the impacts of nursing in health care, professional status, and education of nurses. International alliances can help advance nursing, but the visibility of nursing in the WHO needs to be strengthened. Organizational leadership is important in order to optimize the use of nursing competence in practice and inform policy makers regarding the value of nursing to promote people's health. © 2015 Sigma Theta Tau International.

Long term integrity for space station power systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leckie, F. A.; Marriott, D. L.

1991-01-01

A study was made of the High Temperature Design Codes ASME N47, British R5, and the French RCC-MR Rules. It is concluded that all these codes provide a good basis of design for space application. The new British R5 is the most complete since it deals with the problem of defects. The ASME N47 was subjected longer to practical application and scrutiny. A draft code is introduced, and a proposed draft for high temperature design in which attempts were made to identify gaps and improvements is suggested. The design is limited by creep characteristics. In these circumstances, life is strongly affected by the selected value of the factor of safety. The factor of safety of primary loads adopted in the codes is 1.5. Maybe a lower value of 1.25 is permissible for use in space. Long term creep rupture data for HAYNES 188 is deficient and it is suggested that extrapolation methods be investigated.

Studies of Planet Formation Using a Hybrid N-Body + Planetesimal Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kenyon, Scott J.

2004-01-01

The goal of our proposal was to use a hybrid multi-annulus planetesimal/n-body code to examine the planetesimal theory, one of the two main theories of planet formation. We developed this code to follow the evolution of numerous 1 m to 1 km planetesimals as they collide, merge, and grow into full-fledged planets. Our goal was to apply the code to several well-posed, topical problems in planet formation and to derive observational consequences of the models. We planned to construct detailed models to address two fundamental issues: (1) icy planets: models for icy planet formation will demonstrate how the physical properties of debris disks - including the Kuiper Belt in our solar system - depend on initial conditions and input physics; and (2) terrestrial planets: calculations following the evolution of 1-10 km planetesimals into Earth-mass planets and rings of dust will provide a better understanding of how terrestrial planets form and interact with their environment.

Genome-wide identification and functional prediction of nitrogen-responsive intergenic and intronic long non-coding RNAs in maize (Zea mays L.).

PubMed

Lv, Yuanda; Liang, Zhikai; Ge, Min; Qi, Weicong; Zhang, Tifu; Lin, Feng; Peng, Zhaohua; Zhao, Han

2016-05-11

Nitrogen (N) is an essential and often limiting nutrient to plant growth and development. Previous studies have shown that the mRNA expressions of numerous genes are regulated by nitrogen supplies; however, little is known about the expressed non-coding elements, for example long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that control the response of maize (Zea mays L.) to nitrogen. LncRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs larger than 200 bp, which have emerged as key regulators in gene expression. In this study, we surveyed the intergenic/intronic lncRNAs in maize B73 leaves at the V7 stage under conditions of N-deficiency and N-sufficiency using ribosomal RNA depletion and ultra-deep total RNA sequencing approaches. By integration with mRNA expression profiles and physiological evaluations, 7245 lncRNAs and 637 nitrogen-responsive lncRNAs were identified that exhibited unique expression patterns. Co-expression network analysis showed that the nitrogen-responsive lncRNAs were enriched mainly in one of the three co-expressed modules. The genes in the enriched module are mainly involved in NADH dehydrogenase activity, oxidative phosphorylation and the nitrogen compounds metabolic process. We identified a large number of lncRNAs in maize and illustrated their potential regulatory roles in response to N stress. The results lay the foundation for further in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs' role in response to nitrogen stresses.

Prime Contract Awards Alphabetically by Contractor, by State or Country, and Place, FY 88. Part 6. (Data-Easton Machine Corporation)

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Arlington, VA 22202-4302 8a. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b. OFFICE SYMBOL 9 ...to u 0 300- I cInr 1- IL71 O0 0 1= I v V- EU 10001- I 0 M fa V CE0 1 CI o 100 3(- 9 -4 3-. 3t-4 -4 CA4 4 -4 W-4 - .. 4’.-I-4 00.f.4 4-I 0-I I...I 00003’ 44-.4.44 r4 r0) 1- 00 U44a ( 9 WLAC’) o .,’r-r-- r-3=-.-r 00 r- i-. I’- 1-’o- 411Wa0(1 I M ( t1nC n S 0M U n . (n(C’In (1n n ( 0nL C) 0 M1 M

Use of Data to Develop a Code Blue Training Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-01-28

MDW/SGVU SUBJECT: Professional Presentation Approval 7 FEB 2016 1. Your paper, entitled Use of Data to Develop a Code Blue Training Program...3039 must be submitted for review and approval.) 6. TITLE OF MATERIAL TO BE PUBLISHED OR PRESENTED: Use of Data to Develop a Code Blue Training ...January 19, 2017 D N/A 29. COMMENTS ~ APPROVED 0 DISAPPROVED Approved training presentation with appropriate disclaimers based on training curriculum

Computer Description of the Field Artillery Ammunition Supply Vehicle

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-04-01

Combinatorial Geometry (COM-GEOM) GIFT Computer Code Computer Target Description 2& AfTNACT (Cmne M feerve shb N ,neemssalyan ify by block number) A...input to the GIFT computer code to generate target vulnerability data. F.a- 4 ono OF I NOV 5S OLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECUOITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE...Combinatorial Geometry (COM-GEOM) desrription. The "Geometric Information for Tarqets" ( GIFT ) computer code accepts the CO!-GEOM description and

Cognitive Code-Division Channelization

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-01

22] G. N. Karystinos and D. A. Pados, “New bounds on the total squared correlation and optimum design of DS - CDMA binary signature sets,” IEEE Trans...Commun., vol. 51, pp. 48-51, Jan. 2003. [23] C. Ding, M. Golin, and T. Klve, “Meeting the Welch and Karystinos- Pados bounds on DS - CDMA binary...receiver pair coexisting with a primary code-division multiple-access ( CDMA ) system. Our objective is to find the optimum transmitting power and code

Collisionless stellar hydrodynamics as an efficient alternative to N-body methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, Nigel L.; Vorobyov, Eduard I.; Hensler, Gerhard

2013-01-01

The dominant constituents of the Universe's matter are believed to be collisionless in nature and thus their modelling in any self-consistent simulation is extremely important. For simulations that deal only with dark matter or stellar systems, the conventional N-body technique is fast, memory efficient and relatively simple to implement. However when extending simulations to include the effects of gas physics, mesh codes are at a distinct disadvantage compared to Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) codes. Whereas implementing the N-body approach into SPH codes is fairly trivial, the particle-mesh technique used in mesh codes to couple collisionless stars and dark matter to the gas on the mesh has a series of significant scientific and technical limitations. These include spurious entropy generation resulting from discreteness effects, poor load balancing and increased communication overhead which spoil the excellent scaling in massively parallel grid codes. In this paper we propose the use of the collisionless Boltzmann moment equations as a means to model the collisionless material as a fluid on the mesh, implementing it into the massively parallel FLASH Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) code. This approach which we term `collisionless stellar hydrodynamics' enables us to do away with the particle-mesh approach and since the parallelization scheme is identical to that used for the hydrodynamics, it preserves the excellent scaling of the FLASH code already demonstrated on peta-flop machines. We find that the classic hydrodynamic equations and the Boltzmann moment equations can be reconciled under specific conditions, allowing us to generate analytic solutions for collisionless systems using conventional test problems. We confirm the validity of our approach using a suite of demanding test problems, including the use of a modified Sod shock test. By deriving the relevant eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Boltzmann moment equations, we are able to use high order accurate characteristic tracing methods with Riemann solvers to generate numerical solutions which show excellent agreement with our analytic solutions. We conclude by demonstrating the ability of our code to model complex phenomena by simulating the evolution of a two-armed spiral galaxy whose properties agree with those predicted by the swing amplification theory.

Extensive reprogramming of the genetic code for genetically encoded synthesis of highly N-alkylated polycyclic peptidomimetics.

PubMed

Kawakami, Takashi; Ishizawa, Takahiro; Murakami, Hiroshi

2013-08-21

Cyclic structures can increase the proteolytic stability and conformational rigidity of peptides, and N-alkylation of the peptide backbone can make peptides more cell-permeable and resistant to proteolysis. Therefore, cyclic N-alkyl amino acids are expected to be useful building blocks to increase simultaneously these pharmacological properties of peptides. In this study, we screened various cyclic N-alkyl amino acids for their ribosomal incorporation into peptides and identified cyclic N-alkyl amino acids that can be efficiently and successively incorporated. We also demonstrated genetic code reprogramming for reassigning 16 NNU codons to 16 different cyclic N-alkyl amino acids with high fidelity to synthesize highly N-alkylated polycyclic peptidomimetics and an mRNA-displayed library of completely N-alkylated polycyclic peptidomimetics by using our recently developed TRAP (transcription/translation coupled with association of puromycin linker) display. In vitro selection from a highly diverse library of such completely N-alkylated polycyclic peptidomimetics could become a powerful means to discover small-molecule ligands such as drug candidates that can be targeted to biomolecules inside living cells.

Statistical Analysis of CFD Solutions from the Drag Prediction Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hemsch, Michael J.

2002-01-01

A simple, graphical framework is presented for robust statistical evaluation of results obtained from N-Version testing of a series of RANS CFD codes. The solutions were obtained by a variety of code developers and users for the June 2001 Drag Prediction Workshop sponsored by the AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Technical Committee. The aerodynamic configuration used for the computational tests is the DLR-F4 wing-body combination previously tested in several European wind tunnels and for which a previous N-Version test had been conducted. The statistical framework is used to evaluate code results for (1) a single cruise design point, (2) drag polars and (3) drag rise. The paper concludes with a discussion of the meaning of the results, especially with respect to predictability, Validation, and reporting of solutions.

Quick Response codes for surgical safety: a prospective pilot study.

PubMed

Dixon, Jennifer L; Smythe, William Roy; Momsen, Lara S; Jupiter, Daniel; Papaconstantinou, Harry T

2013-09-01

Surgical safety programs have been shown to reduce patient harm; however, there is variable compliance. The purpose of this study is to determine if innovative technology such as Quick Response (QR) codes can facilitate surgical safety initiatives. We prospectively evaluated the use of QR codes during the surgical time-out for 40 operations. Feasibility and accuracy were assessed. Perceptions of the current time-out process and the QR code application were evaluated through surveys using a 5-point Likert scale and binomial yes or no questions. At baseline (n = 53), survey results from the surgical team agreed or strongly agreed that the current time-out process was efficient (64%), easy to use (77%), and provided clear information (89%). However, 65% of surgeons felt that process improvements were needed. Thirty-seven of 40 (92.5%) QR codes scanned successfully, of which 100% were accurate. Three scan failures resulted from excessive curvature or wrinkling of the QR code label on the body. Follow-up survey results (n = 33) showed that the surgical team agreed or strongly agreed that the QR program was clearer (70%), easier to use (57%), and more accurate (84%). Seventy-four percent preferred the QR system to the current time-out process. QR codes accurately transmit patient information during the time-out procedure and are preferred to the current process by surgical team members. The novel application of this technology may improve compliance, accuracy, and outcomes. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Code Blue Emergencies: A Team Task Analysis and Educational Initiative.

PubMed

Price, James W; Applegarth, Oliver; Vu, Mark; Price, John R

2012-01-01

The objective of this study was to identify factors that have a positive or negative influence on resuscitation team performance during emergencies in the operating room (OR) and post-operative recovery unit (PAR) at a major Canadian teaching hospital. This information was then used to implement a team training program for code blue emergencies. In 2009/10, all OR and PAR nurses and 19 anesthesiologists at Vancouver General Hospital (VGH) were invited to complete an anonymous, 10 minute written questionnaire regarding their code blue experience. Survey questions were devised by 10 recovery room and operation room nurses as well as 5 anesthesiologists representing 4 different hospitals in British Columbia. Three iterations of the survey were reviewed by a pilot group of nurses and anesthesiologists and their feedback was integrated into the final version of the survey. Both nursing staff (n = 49) and anesthesiologists (n = 19) supported code blue training and believed that team training would improve patient outcome. Nurses noted that it was often difficult to identify the leader of the resuscitation team. Both nursing staff and anesthesiologists strongly agreed that too many people attending the code blue with no assigned role hindered team performance. Identifiable leadership and clear communication of roles were identified as keys to resuscitation team functioning. Decreasing the number of people attending code blue emergencies with no specific role, increased access to mock code blue training, and debriefing after crises were all identified as areas requiring improvement. Initial team training exercises have been well received by staff.

A Content Analysis of Testosterone Websites: Sex, Muscle, and Male Age-Related Thematic Differences

PubMed Central

Ivanov, Nicholas; Vuong, Jimmy; Gray, Peter B.

2017-01-01

Male testosterone supplementation is a large and growing industry. How is testosterone marketed to male consumers online? The present exploratory study entailed a content coding analysis of the home pages of 49 websites focused on testosterone supplementation for men in the United States. Four hypotheses concerning anticipated age-related differences in content coding were also tested: more frequent longevity content toward older men, and more frequent social dominance/physical formidability, muscle, and sex content toward younger men. Codes were created based on inductive observations and drawing upon the medical, life history, and human behavioral endocrinology literatures. Approximately half (n = 24) of websites were oriented toward younger men (estimated audience of men 40 years of age or younger) and half (n = 25) toward older men (estimated audience over 40 years of age). Results indicated that the most frequent content codes concerned online sales (e.g., product and purchasing information). Apart from sales information, the most frequent codes concerned, in order, muscle, sex/sexual functioning, low T, energy, fat, strength, aging, and well-being, with all four hypotheses also supported. These findings are interpreted in the light of medical, evolutionary life history, and human behavioral endocrinology approaches. PMID:29025355

Improvement of absolute positioning of precision stage based on cooperation the zero position pulse signal and incremental displacement signal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, H. H.; Shi, Y. P.; Li, X. H.; Ni, K.; Zhou, Q.; Wang, X. H.

2018-03-01

In this paper, a scheme to measure the position of precision stages, with a high precision, is presented. The encoder is composed of a scale grating and a compact two-probe reading head, to read the zero position pulse signal and continuous incremental displacement signal. The scale grating contains different codes, multiple reference codes with different spacing superimposed onto the incremental grooves with an equal spacing structure. The codes of reference mask in the reading head is the same with the reference codes on the scale grating, and generate pulse signal to locate the reference position primarily when the reading head moves along the scale grating. After locating the reference position in a section by means of the pulse signal, the reference position can be located precisely with the amplitude of the incremental displacement signal. A kind of reference codes and scale grating were designed, and experimental results show that the primary precision of the design achieved is 1 μ m. The period of the incremental signal is 1μ m, and 1000/N nm precision can be achieved by subdivide the incremental signal in N times.

A Content Analysis of Testosterone Websites: Sex, Muscle, and Male Age-Related Thematic Differences.

PubMed

Ivanov, Nicholas; Vuong, Jimmy; Gray, Peter B

2018-03-01

Male testosterone supplementation is a large and growing industry. How is testosterone marketed to male consumers online? The present exploratory study entailed a content coding analysis of the home pages of 49 websites focused on testosterone supplementation for men in the United States. Four hypotheses concerning anticipated age-related differences in content coding were also tested: more frequent longevity content toward older men, and more frequent social dominance/physical formidability, muscle, and sex content toward younger men. Codes were created based on inductive observations and drawing upon the medical, life history, and human behavioral endocrinology literatures. Approximately half ( n = 24) of websites were oriented toward younger men (estimated audience of men 40 years of age or younger) and half ( n = 25) toward older men (estimated audience over 40 years of age). Results indicated that the most frequent content codes concerned online sales (e.g., product and purchasing information). Apart from sales information, the most frequent codes concerned, in order, muscle, sex/sexual functioning, low T, energy, fat, strength, aging, and well-being, with all four hypotheses also supported. These findings are interpreted in the light of medical, evolutionary life history, and human behavioral endocrinology approaches.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Haghighat, A.; Sjoden, G.E.; Wagner, J.C.

In the past 10 yr, the Penn State Transport Theory Group (PSTTG) has concentrated its efforts on developing accurate and efficient particle transport codes to address increasing needs for efficient and accurate simulation of nuclear systems. The PSTTG's efforts have primarily focused on shielding applications that are generally treated using multigroup, multidimensional, discrete ordinates (S{sub n}) deterministic and/or statistical Monte Carlo methods. The difficulty with the existing public codes is that they require significant (impractical) computation time for simulation of complex three-dimensional (3-D) problems. For the S{sub n} codes, the large memory requirements are handled through the use of scratchmore » files (i.e., read-from and write-to-disk) that significantly increases the necessary execution time. Further, the lack of flexible features and/or utilities for preparing input and processing output makes these codes difficult to use. The Monte Carlo method becomes impractical because variance reduction (VR) methods have to be used, and normally determination of the necessary parameters for the VR methods is very difficult and time consuming for a complex 3-D problem. For the deterministic method, the authors have developed the 3-D parallel PENTRAN (Parallel Environment Neutral-particle TRANsport) code system that, in addition to a parallel 3-D S{sub n} solver, includes pre- and postprocessing utilities. PENTRAN provides for full phase-space decomposition, memory partitioning, and parallel input/output to provide the capability of solving large problems in a relatively short time. Besides having a modular parallel structure, PENTRAN has several unique new formulations and features that are necessary for achieving high parallel performance. For the Monte Carlo method, the major difficulty currently facing most users is the selection of an effective VR method and its associated parameters. For complex problems, generally, this process is very time consuming and may be complicated due to the possibility of biasing the results. In an attempt to eliminate this problem, the authors have developed the A{sup 3}MCNP (automated adjoint accelerated MCNP) code that automatically prepares parameters for source and transport biasing within a weight-window VR approach based on the S{sub n} adjoint function. A{sup 3}MCNP prepares the necessary input files for performing multigroup, 3-D adjoint S{sub n} calculations using TORT.« less

PARAVT: Parallel Voronoi tessellation code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

González, R. E.

2016-10-01

In this study, we present a new open source code for massive parallel computation of Voronoi tessellations (VT hereafter) in large data sets. The code is focused for astrophysical purposes where VT densities and neighbors are widely used. There are several serial Voronoi tessellation codes, however no open source and parallel implementations are available to handle the large number of particles/galaxies in current N-body simulations and sky surveys. Parallelization is implemented under MPI and VT using Qhull library. Domain decomposition takes into account consistent boundary computation between tasks, and includes periodic conditions. In addition, the code computes neighbors list, Voronoi density, Voronoi cell volume, density gradient for each particle, and densities on a regular grid. Code implementation and user guide are publicly available at https://github.com/regonzar/paravt.

Calculating the n-point correlation function with general and efficient python code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Genier, Fred; Bellis, Matthew

2018-01-01

There are multiple approaches to understanding the evolution of large-scale structure in our universe and with it the role of baryonic matter, dark matter, and dark energy at different points in history. One approach is to calculate the n-point correlation function estimator for galaxy distributions, sometimes choosing a particular type of galaxy, such as luminous red galaxies. The standard way to calculate these estimators is with pair counts (for the 2-point correlation function) and with triplet counts (for the 3-point correlation function). These are O(n2) and O(n3) problems, respectively and with the number of galaxies that will be characterized in future surveys, having efficient and general code will be of increasing importance. Here we show a proof-of-principle approach to the 2-point correlation function that relies on pre-calculating galaxy locations in coarse “voxels”, thereby reducing the total number of necessary calculations. The code is written in python, making it easily accessible and extensible and is open-sourced to the community. Basic results and performance tests using SDSS/BOSS data will be shown and we discuss the application of this approach to the 3-point correlation function.

Evaluation of arteriovenous fistulas and pseudoaneurysms in renal allografts following percutaneous needle biopsy. Color-coded Doppler sonography versus duplex Doppler sonography.

PubMed

Hübsch, P J; Mostbeck, G; Barton, P P; Gritzmann, N; Fruehwald, F X; Schurawitzki, H; Kovarik, J

1990-02-01

One hundred one patients with renal allografts were studied by two independent observers using duplex Doppler sonography (DDS) and color-coded Doppler sonography (CCDS). In all patients, single or multiple percutaneous needle biopsies of the transplant had been performed 1 to 30 days before. In 6 patients CCDS following the biopsy demonstrated an area of combined red and blue color-coded blood flow within the renal parenchyma (n = 5) or within the sinus (n = 1); the Doppler waveform was abnormal in these areas with signals above and below the zero line indicating turbulent blood flow. Consecutive intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed the presence of an arteriovenous fistula (n = 4) or of a pseudoaneurysm (n = 2). In one patient, gross hematuria with obstruction of the bladder occurred as a complication of a pseudoaneurysm within the renal sinus; the bleeding could not be stopped by embolization of the lesion and the kidney had to be removed. DDS demonstrated the lesion in only one of the six patients. Thus, CCDS is the method of choice for noninvasive detection of vascular lesions due to percutaneous biopsy.

Solving large scale structure in ten easy steps with COLA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tassev, Svetlin; Zaldarriaga, Matias; Eisenstein, Daniel J., E-mail: stassev@cfa.harvard.edu, E-mail: matiasz@ias.edu, E-mail: deisenstein@cfa.harvard.edu

2013-06-01

We present the COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration (COLA) method: an N-body method for solving for Large Scale Structure (LSS) in a frame that is comoving with observers following trajectories calculated in Lagrangian Perturbation Theory (LPT). Unlike standard N-body methods, the COLA method can straightforwardly trade accuracy at small-scales in order to gain computational speed without sacrificing accuracy at large scales. This is especially useful for cheaply generating large ensembles of accurate mock halo catalogs required to study galaxy clustering and weak lensing, as those catalogs are essential for performing detailed error analysis for ongoing and future surveys of LSS. As anmore » illustration, we ran a COLA-based N-body code on a box of size 100 Mpc/h with particles of mass ≈ 5 × 10{sup 9}M{sub s}un/h. Running the code with only 10 timesteps was sufficient to obtain an accurate description of halo statistics down to halo masses of at least 10{sup 11}M{sub s}un/h. This is only at a modest speed penalty when compared to mocks obtained with LPT. A standard detailed N-body run is orders of magnitude slower than our COLA-based code. The speed-up we obtain with COLA is due to the fact that we calculate the large-scale dynamics exactly using LPT, while letting the N-body code solve for the small scales, without requiring it to capture exactly the internal dynamics of halos. Achieving a similar level of accuracy in halo statistics without the COLA method requires at least 3 times more timesteps than when COLA is employed.« less

N-body simulation for self-gravitating collisional systems with a new SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, Advanced Vector eXtensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanikawa, Ataru; Yoshikawa, Kohji; Okamoto, Takashi; Nitadori, Keigo

2012-02-01

We present a high-performance N-body code for self-gravitating collisional systems accelerated with the aid of a new SIMD instruction set extension of the x86 architecture: Advanced Vector eXtensions (AVX), an enhanced version of the Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE). With one processor core of Intel Core i7-2600 processor (8 MB cache and 3.40 GHz) based on Sandy Bridge micro-architecture, we implemented a fourth-order Hermite scheme with individual timestep scheme ( Makino and Aarseth, 1992), and achieved the performance of ˜20 giga floating point number operations per second (GFLOPS) for double-precision accuracy, which is two times and five times higher than that of the previously developed code implemented with the SSE instructions ( Nitadori et al., 2006b), and that of a code implemented without any explicit use of SIMD instructions with the same processor core, respectively. We have parallelized the code by using so-called NINJA scheme ( Nitadori et al., 2006a), and achieved ˜90 GFLOPS for a system containing more than N = 8192 particles with 8 MPI processes on four cores. We expect to achieve about 10 tera FLOPS (TFLOPS) for a self-gravitating collisional system with N ˜ 10 5 on massively parallel systems with at most 800 cores with Sandy Bridge micro-architecture. This performance will be comparable to that of Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) cluster systems, such as the one with about 200 Tesla C1070 GPUs ( Spurzem et al., 2010). This paper offers an alternative to collisional N-body simulations with GRAPEs and GPUs.

Author Correction: Recognition of RNA N6-methyladenosine by IGF2BP proteins enhances mRNA stability and translation.

PubMed

Huang, Huilin; Weng, Hengyou; Sun, Wenju; Qin, Xi; Shi, Hailing; Wu, Huizhe; Zhao, Boxuan Simen; Mesquita, Ana; Liu, Chang; Yuan, Celvie L; Hu, Yueh-Chiang; Hüttelmaier, Stefan; Skibbe, Jennifer R; Su, Rui; Deng, Xiaolan; Dong, Lei; Sun, Miao; Li, Chenying; Nachtergaele, Sigrid; Wang, Yungui; Hu, Chao; Ferchen, Kyle; Greis, Kenneth D; Jiang, Xi; Wei, Minjie; Qu, Lianghu; Guan, Jun-Lin; He, Chuan; Yang, Jianhua; Chen, Jianjun

2018-06-07

In the version of this Article originally published, the authors incorrectly listed an accession code as GES90642. The correct code is GSE90642 . This has now been amended in all online versions of the Article.

Status of Standardization Projects

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-03-31

50 SS N D 8915 TOTAL- 1. DELINQUENT- 0, STATUS CODES: A- 1, G- 0, Y- 0, Z- 0 8920 0539 MIL R 35084A RICE INSTANT ENRICHED GL G2 903 913 913 A GL SA 50...G XXX GL GINGERBREAD PWDER FOLF GL B4 922 932 932 A GL N 8940 A731 IMIL P XXX GL PORK ORIENTAL WITH NOODLES GL B4 922 932 932 A GL N 8940 A732 MIL R... INSTANT GL 84 A 893 903 922 A GL SA 50 SS U B 8955 TOTAL- 1. DELINQUENT- 1, STATUS CODES: A- 1, G- 0, Y- 0. Z- 0 8960 0077 MIL C 3031J 1 COCOA BEVERAGE

Thermodynamic Analysis of Coherently Grown GaAsN/Ge: Effects of Different Gaseous Sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawano, Jun; Kangawa, Yoshihiro; Yayama, Tomoe; Kakimoto, Koichi; Koukitu, Akinori

2013-04-01

Thermodynamic analysis of coherently grown GaAs1-xNx on Ge with low N content was performed to determine the relationship between solid composition and growth conditions. In this study, a new algorithm for the simulation code, which is applicable to wider combinations of gaseous sources than the traditional algorithm, was developed to determine the influence of different gaseous sources on N incorporation. Using this code, here we successfully compared two cases: one is a system using trimethylgallium (TMG), AsH3, and NH3, and the other uses dimethylhydrazine (DMHy) instead of NH3. It was found that the optimal N/As ratio of input gas in the system using DMHy was much lower than that using NH3. This shows that the newly developed algorithm could be a useful tool for analyzing the N incorporation during the vapor growth of GaAs1-xNx.

Translation of the Department of Defense Disease and Injury Codes to the Eighth Revision International Classification of Diseases for use by the Military Services.

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-06-01

with, the DDDIC entity. 3. The ICDA-8 contracts groups of diseases or accidents which had been presented in expanded form in the DDDIC. Example: DDDIC...DDDIC. 4. The ICDA-8 expands groups of entities which had been presented in more condensed folin in the DDDIC. Example: DDDIC ICDA-8 Code Ntmuber Code...rapidly find a disease entity and all closely related entities. At the Naval Health Research Center (N11RC) a new code nunber was given to each

Feasibility Study of Alternative Fabrication Methods.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-01

must comply with the I requirements of the latest edition of the National Electrical Code. The Body and Liner Assembly System will comply with I the...latest edition of the National Electrical Code per AMCR 385 (Army Material Command Safety Manual). Also, OSHA’s 1 Occupational Safety and Health...the top of the elevator. On the top and at the rear of * A-4 50 UD( AISA 6 --7 G OVe CASE THOMS ’ON J .7O37IA (PLACES) _ _ -- 3. BAL - 1N-TOS10 12N

GASOLINE: Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

N-Body Shop

2017-10-01

Gasoline solves the equations of gravity and hydrodynamics in astrophysical problems, including simulations of planets, stars, and galaxies. It uses an SPH method that features correct mixing behavior in multiphase fluids and minimal artificial viscosity. This method is identical to the SPH method used in the ChaNGa code (ascl:1105.005), allowing users to extend results to problems requiring >100,000 cores. Gasoline uses a fast, memory-efficient O(N log N) KD-Tree to solve Poisson's Equation for gravity and avoids artificial viscosity in non-shocking compressive flows.

Energy balance in TM-1-MH Tokamak (ohmical heating)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stoeckel, J.; Koerbel, S.; Kryska, L.; Kopecky, V.; Dadalec, V.; Datlov, J.; Jakubka, K.; Magula, P.; Zacek, F.; Pereverzev, G. V.

1981-10-01

Plasma in the TM-1-MH Tokamak was experimentally studied in the parameter range: tor. mg. field B = 1,3 T, plasma current I sub p = 14 kA, electron density N sub E 3.10 to the 19th power cubic meters. The two numerical codes are available for the comparison with experimental data. TOKATA-code solves simplified energy balance equations for electron and ion components. TOKSAS-code solves the detailed energy balance of the ion component.

Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 3, March 2000

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-03-01

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), are more common in temperate regions such as the United States...0.2 1. Through September 30, 1999. Characteristics N Rate2 Malaria Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Rate2NRate2 Lyme disease 3. IAW DoD Occupational...085.9); Lyme disease (ICD-9-CM code: 088.81); dengue fever (ICD-9-CM code: 061); or Rocky Mountain spotted fever (ICD-9-CM code: 082.0). If an

An NTP Stratum-One Server Farm Fed By IEEE-1588

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-01-01

Serial Time Code Formats,” U.S. Army White Sands Missile Range, N.M. [11] J. Eidson , 2005, “IEEE-1588 Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization ... synchronized to its Master Clocks via IRIG-B time code on a low- frequency RF distribution system. The availability of Precise Time Protocol (PTP, IEEE...forwarding back to the requestor. The farm NTP servers are synchronized to the USNO Master Clocks using IRIG-B time code. The current standard NTP

Peptide code-on-a-microplate for protease activity analysis via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric quantitation.

PubMed

Hu, Junjie; Liu, Fei; Ju, Huangxian

2015-04-21

A peptide-encoded microplate was proposed for MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of protease activity. The peptide codes were designed to contain a coding region and the substrate of protease for enzymatic cleavage, respectively, and an internal standard method was proposed for the MS quantitation of the cleavage products of these peptide codes. Upon the cleavage reaction in the presence of target proteases, the coding regions were released from the microplate, which were directly quantitated by using corresponding peptides with one-amino acid difference as the internal standards. The coding region could be used as the unique "Protease ID" for the identification of corresponding protease, and the amount of the cleavage product was used for protease activity analysis. Using trypsin and chymotrypsin as the model proteases to verify the multiplex protease assay, the designed "Trypsin ID" and "Chymotrypsin ID" occurred at m/z 761.6 and 711.6. The logarithm value of the intensity ratio of "Protease ID" to internal standard was proportional to trypsin and chymotrypsin concentration in a range from 5.0 to 500 and 10 to 500 nM, respectively. The detection limits for trypsin and chymotrypsin were 2.3 and 5.2 nM, respectively. The peptide-encoded microplate showed good selectivity. This proposed method provided a powerful tool for convenient identification and activity analysis of multiplex proteases.

Norm-based coding of facial identity in adults with autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Walsh, Jennifer A; Maurer, Daphne; Vida, Mark D; Rhodes, Gillian; Jeffery, Linda; Rutherford, M D

2015-03-01

It is unclear whether reported deficits in face processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be explained by deficits in perceptual face coding mechanisms. In the current study, we examined whether adults with ASD showed evidence of norm-based opponent coding of facial identity, a perceptual process underlying the recognition of facial identity in typical adults. We began with an original face and an averaged face and then created an anti-face that differed from the averaged face in the opposite direction from the original face by a small amount (near adaptor) or a large amount (far adaptor). To test for norm-based coding, we adapted participants on different trials to the near versus far adaptor, then asked them to judge the identity of the averaged face. We varied the size of the test and adapting faces in order to reduce any contribution of low-level adaptation. Consistent with the predictions of norm-based coding, high functioning adults with ASD (n = 27) and matched typical participants (n = 28) showed identity aftereffects that were larger for the far than near adaptor. Unlike results with children with ASD, the strength of the aftereffects were similar in the two groups. This is the first study to demonstrate norm-based coding of facial identity in adults with ASD. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Differential Cross Section Kinematics for 3-dimensional Transport Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Norbury, John W.; Dick, Frank

2008-01-01

In support of the development of 3-dimensional transport codes, this paper derives the relevant relativistic particle kinematic theory. Formulas are given for invariant, spectral and angular distributions in both the lab (spacecraft) and center of momentum frames, for collisions involving 2, 3 and n - body final states.

Effect of a Significant Other on Client Change Talk in Motivational Interviewing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Apodaca, Timothy R.; Magill, Molly; Longabaugh, Richard; Jackson, Kristina M.; Monti, Peter M.

2013-01-01

Objective:To examine significant-other (SO) and therapist behaviors as predictors of client change language within motivational interviewing (MI) sessions. Method: Participants from an emergency department received a single session of MI that included SO participation (N = 157). Sessions were coded using therapy process coding systems. Sessions…

Cross section of the 197Au(n,2n)196Au reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kalamara, A.; Vlastou, R.; Kokkoris, M.; Diakaki, M.; Serris, M.; Patronis, N.; Axiotis, M.; Lagoyannis, A.

2017-09-01

The 197Au(n,2n)196Au reaction cross section has been measured at two energies, namely at 17.1 MeV and 20.9 MeV, by means of the activation technique, relative to the 27Al(n,α)24Na reference reaction cross section. Quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams were produced at the 5.5 MV Tandem T11/25 accelerator laboratory of NCSR "Demokritos", by means of the 3H(d,n)4He reaction, implementing a new Ti-tritiated target of ˜ 400 GBq activity. The induced γ-ray activity at the targets and reference foils has been measured with HPGe detectors. The cross section for the population of the second isomeric (12-) state m2 of 196Au was independently determined. Auxiliary Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the MCNP code. The present results are in agreement with previous experimental data and with theoretical calculations of the measured reaction cross sections, which were carried out with the use of the EMPIRE code.

CAFNA{reg{underscore}sign}, coded aperture fast neutron analysis for contraband detection: Preliminary results

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, L.; Lanza, R.C.

1999-12-01

The authors have developed a near field coded aperture imaging system for use with fast neutron techniques as a tool for the detection of contraband and hidden explosives through nuclear elemental analysis. The technique relies on the prompt gamma rays produced by fast neutron interactions with the object being examined. The position of the nuclear elements is determined by the location of the gamma emitters. For existing fast neutron techniques, in Pulsed Fast Neutron Analysis (PFNA), neutrons are used with very low efficiency; in Fast Neutron Analysis (FNS), the sensitivity for detection of the signature gamma rays is very low.more » For the Coded Aperture Fast Neutron Analysis (CAFNA{reg{underscore}sign}) the authors have developed, the efficiency for both using the probing fast neutrons and detecting the prompt gamma rays is high. For a probed volume of n{sup 3} volume elements (voxels) in a cube of n resolution elements on a side, they can compare the sensitivity with other neutron probing techniques. As compared to PFNA, the improvement for neutron utilization is n{sup 2}, where the total number of voxels in the object being examined is n{sup 3}. Compared to FNA, the improvement for gamma-ray imaging is proportional to the total open area of the coded aperture plane; a typical value is n{sup 2}/2, where n{sup 2} is the number of total detector resolution elements or the number of pixels in an object layer. It should be noted that the actual signal to noise ratio of a system depends also on the nature and distribution of background events and this comparison may reduce somewhat the effective sensitivity of CAFNA. They have performed analysis, Monte Carlo simulations, and preliminary experiments using low and high energy gamma-ray sources. The results show that a high sensitivity 3-D contraband imaging and detection system can be realized by using CAFNA.« less

Ovine mitochondrial DNA sequence variation and its association with production and reproduction traits within an Afec-Assaf flock.

PubMed

Reicher, S; Seroussi, E; Weller, J I; Rosov, A; Gootwine, E

2012-07-01

Polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) protein- and tRNA-coding genes were shown to be associated with various diseases in humans as well as with production and reproduction traits in livestock. Alignment of full length mitochondria sequences from the 5 known ovine haplogroups: HA (n = 3), HB (n = 5), HC (n = 3), HD (n = 2), and HE (n = 2; GenBank accession nos. HE577847-50 and 11 published complete ovine mitochondria sequences) revealed sequence variation in 10 out of the 13 protein coding mtDNA sequences. Twenty-six of the 245 variable sites found in the protein coding sequences represent non-synonymous mutations. Sequence variation was observed also in 8 out of the 22 tRNA mtDNA sequences. On the basis of the mtDNA control region and cytochrome b partial sequences along with information on maternal lineages within an Afec-Assaf flock, 1,126 Afec-Assaf ewes were assigned to mitochondrial haplogroups HA, HB, and HC, with frequencies of 0.43, 0.43, and 0.14, respectively. Analysis of birth weight and growth rate records of lamb (n = 1286) and productivity from 4,993 lambing records revealed no association between mitochondrial haplogroup affiliation and female longevity, lambs perinatal survival rate, birth weight, and daily growth rate of lambs up to 150 d that averaged 1,664 d, 88.3%, 4.5 kg, and 320 g/d, respectively. However, significant (P < 0.0001) differences among the haplogroups were found for prolificacy of ewes, with prolificacies (mean ± SE) of 2.14 ± 0.04, 2.25 ± 0.04, and 2.30 ± 0.06 lamb born/ewe lambing for the HA, HB, and the HC haplogroups, respectively. Our results highlight the ovine mitogenome genetic variation in protein- and tRNA coding genes and suggest that sequence variation in ovine mtDNA is associated with variation in ewe prolificacy.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fu, Guoyong; Budny, Robert; Gorelenkov, Nikolai

We report here the work done for the FY14 OFES Theory Performance Target as given below: "Understanding alpha particle confinement in ITER, the world's first burning plasma experiment, is a key priority for the fusion program. In FY 2014, determine linear instability trends and thresholds of energetic particle-driven shear Alfven eigenmodes in ITER for a range of parameters and profiles using a set of complementary simulation models (gyrokinetic, hybrid, and gyrofluid). Carry out initial nonlinear simulations to assess the effects of the unstable modes on energetic particle transport". In the past year (FY14), a systematic study of the alpha-driven Alfvenmore » modes in ITER has been carried out jointly by researchers from six institutions involving seven codes including the transport simulation code TRANSP (R. Budny and F. Poli, PPPL), three gyrokinetic codes: GEM (Y. Chen, Univ. of Colorado), GTC (J. McClenaghan, Z. Lin, UCI), and GYRO (E. Bass, R. Waltz, UCSD/GA), the hybrid code M3D-K (G.Y. Fu, PPPL), the gyro-fluid code TAEFL (D. Spong, ORNL), and the linear kinetic stability code NOVA-K (N. Gorelenkov, PPPL). A range of ITER parameters and profiles are specified by TRANSP simulation of a hybrid scenario case and a steady-state scenario case. Based on the specified ITER equilibria linear stability calculations are done to determine the stability boundary of alpha-driven high-n TAEs using the five initial value codes (GEM, GTC, GYRO, M3D-K, and TAEFL) and the kinetic stability code (NOVA-K). Both the effects of alpha particles and beam ions have been considered. Finally, the effects of the unstable modes on energetic particle transport have been explored using GEM and M3D-K.« less

Theoretical evaluation of the reaction rates for {sup 26}Al(n,p){sup 26}Mg and {sup 26}Al(n,{alpha}){sup 23}Na

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oginni, B. M.; Iliadis, C.; Champagne, A. E.

2011-02-15

The reactions that destroy {sup 26}Al in massive stars have significance in a number of astrophysical contexts. We evaluate the reaction rates of {sup 26}Al(n,p){sup 26}Mg and {sup 26}Al(n,{alpha}){sup 23}Na using cross sections obtained from the codes empire and talys. These have been compared to the published rates obtained from the non-smoker code and to some experimental data. We show that the results obtained from empire and talys are comparable to those from non-smoker. We also show how the theoretical results vary with respect to changes in the input parameters. Finally, we present recommended rates for these reactions using themore » available experimental data and our new theoretical results.« less

26 CFR 301.6103(n)-2 - Disclosure of return information in connection with written contracts among the IRS...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

....6103(n)-2 Section 301.6103(n)-2 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY... Records § 301.6103(n)-2 Disclosure of return information in connection with written contracts among the... the provisions of sections 6103(n) and 7623 of the Internal Revenue Code and subject to the conditions...

Space Radiation Transport Code Development: 3DHZETRN

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, John W.; Slaba, Tony C.; Badavi, Francis F.; Reddell, Brandon D.; Bahadori, Amir A.

2015-01-01

The space radiation transport code, HZETRN, has been used extensively for research, vehicle design optimization, risk analysis, and related applications. One of the simplifying features of the HZETRN transport formalism is the straight-ahead approximation, wherein all particles are assumed to travel along a common axis. This reduces the governing equation to one spatial dimension allowing enormous simplification and highly efficient computational procedures to be implemented. Despite the physical simplifications, the HZETRN code is widely used for space applications and has been found to agree well with fully 3D Monte Carlo simulations in many circumstances. Recent work has focused on the development of 3D transport corrections for neutrons and light ions (Z < 2) for which the straight-ahead approximation is known to be less accurate. Within the development of 3D corrections, well-defined convergence criteria have been considered, allowing approximation errors at each stage in model development to be quantified. The present level of development assumes the neutron cross sections have an isotropic component treated within N explicit angular directions and a forward component represented by the straight-ahead approximation. The N = 1 solution refers to the straight-ahead treatment, while N = 2 represents the bi-directional model in current use for engineering design. The figure below shows neutrons, protons, and alphas for various values of N at locations in an aluminum sphere exposed to a solar particle event (SPE) spectrum. The neutron fluence converges quickly in simple geometry with N > 14 directions. The improved code, 3DHZETRN, transports neutrons, light ions, and heavy ions under space-like boundary conditions through general geometry while maintaining a high degree of computational efficiency. A brief overview of the 3D transport formalism for neutrons and light ions is given, and extensive benchmarking results with the Monte Carlo codes Geant4, FLUKA, and PHITS are provided for a variety of boundary conditions and geometries. Improvements provided by the 3D corrections are made clear in the comparisons. Developments needed to connect 3DHZETRN to vehicle design and optimization studies will be discussed. Future theoretical development will relax the forward plus isotropic interaction assumption to more general angular dependence.

Radioactive ion beams produced by neutron-induced fission at ISOLDE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Catherall, R.; Lettry, J.; Gilardoni, S.; Köster, U.; Isolde Collaboration

2003-05-01

The production rates of neutron-rich fission products for the next-generation radioactive beam facility EURISOL [EU-RTD Project EURISOL (HPRI-CT-1999-50001)] are mainly limited by the maximum amount of power deposited by protons in the target. An alternative approach is to use neutron beams to induce fission in actinide targets. This has the advantage of reducing: the energy deposited by the proton beam in the target; contamination from neutron-deficient isobars that would be produced by spallation; and mechanical stress on the target. At ISOLDE CERN [E. Kugler, Hyperfine Interact. 129 (2000) 23], tests have been made on standard ISOLDE actinide targets using fast-neutron bunches produced by bombarding thick, high- Z metal converters with 1 and 1.4 GeV proton pulses. This paper reviews the first applications of converters used at ISOLDE. It highlights the different geometries and the techniques used to compare fission yields produced by the proton beam directly on the target with neutron-induced fission. Results from the six targets already tested, namely UC 2/graphite and ThO 2 targets with tungsten and tantalum converters, are presented. To gain further knowledge for the design of a dedicated target as required by the TARGISOL project [EU-RTD Project TARGISOL (HPRI-CT-2001-50033)], the results are compared to simulations, using the MARS [N.V. Mokhov, S.I. Striganov, A. Van Ginneken, S.G. Mashnik, A.J. Sierk, J. Ranft, MARS code developments, in: 4th Workshop on Simulating Accelerator Radiation Environments, SARE-4, Knoxville, USA, 14-15.9.1998, FERMILAB-PUB-98-379, nucl-th/9812038; N.V. Mokhov, The Mars Code System User's Guide, Fermilab-FN-628, 1995; N.V. Mokhov, MARS Code Developments, Benchmarking and Applications, Fermilab-Conf-00-066, 2000; O.E. Krivosheev, N.V. Mokhov, A New MARS and its Applications, Fermilab-Conf-98/43, 1998] code interfaced with MCNP [J.S. Hendrics, MCNP4C LANL Memo X-5; JSH-2000-3; J.F. Briemesteir (Ed.), MCNP - A General Montecarlo N-Particle Transport Code, Version 4C, LA-13709-M] libraries, of the neutron flux from the converters interacting with the actinide targets.

Radioactive ion beams produced by neutron-induced fission at ISOLDE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Isolde Collaboration; Catherall, R.; Lettry, J.; Gilardoni, S.; Köster, U.

2003-05-01

The production rates of neutron-rich fission products for the next-generation radioactive beam facility EURISOL [EU-RTD Project EURISOL (HPRI-CT-1999-50001)] are mainly limited by the maximum amount of power deposited by protons in the target. An alternative approach is to use neutron beams to induce fission in actinide targets. This has the advantage of reducing: the energy deposited by the proton beam in the target; contamination from neutron-deficient isobars that would be produced by spallation; and mechanical stress on the target. At ISOLDE CERN [E. Kugler, Hyperfine Interact. 129 (2000) 23], tests have been made on standard ISOLDE actinide targets using fast-neutron bunches produced by bombarding thick, high-/Z metal converters with 1 and 1.4 GeV proton pulses. This paper reviews the first applications of converters used at ISOLDE. It highlights the different geometries and the techniques used to compare fission yields produced by the proton beam directly on the target with neutron-induced fission. Results from the six targets already tested, namely UC2/graphite and ThO2 targets with tungsten and tantalum converters, are presented. To gain further knowledge for the design of a dedicated target as required by the TARGISOL project [EU-RTD Project TARGISOL (HPRI-CT-2001-50033)], the results are compared to simulations, using the MARS [N.V. Mokhov, S.I. Striganov, A. Van Ginneken, S.G. Mashnik, A.J. Sierk, J. Ranft, MARS code developments, in: 4th Workshop on Simulating Accelerator Radiation Environments, SARE-4, Knoxville, USA, 14-15.9.1998, FERMILAB-PUB-98-379, nucl-th/9812038; N.V. Mokhov, The Mars Code System User's Guide, Fermilab-FN-628, 1995; N.V. Mokhov, MARS Code Developments, Benchmarking and Applications, Fermilab-Conf-00-066, 2000; O.E. Krivosheev, N.V. Mokhov, A New MARS and its Applications, Fermilab-Conf-98/43, 1998] code interfaced with MCNP [J.S. Hendrics, MCNP4C LANL Memo X-5; JSH-2000-3; J.F. Briemesteir (Ed.), MCNP - A General Montecarlo N-Particle Transport Code, Version 4C, LA-13709-M] libraries, of the neutron flux from the converters interacting with the actinide targets.

SAW correlator spread spectrum receiver

DOEpatents

Brocato, Robert W

2014-04-01

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) correlator spread-spectrum (SS) receiver is disclosed which utilizes a first demodulation stage with a chip length n and a second demodulation stage with a chip length m to decode a transmitted SS signal having a code length l=n.times.m which can be very long (e.g. up to 2000 chips or more). The first demodulation stage utilizes a pair of SAW correlators which demodulate the SS signal to generate an appropriate code sequence at an intermediate frequency which can then be fed into the second demodulation stage which can be formed from another SAW correlator, or by a digital correlator. A compound SAW correlator comprising two input transducers and a single output transducer is also disclosed which can be used to form the SAW correlator SS receiver, or for use in processing long code length signals.

Older persons' expressions of emotional cues and concerns during home care visits. Application of the Verona coding definitions of emotional sequences (VR-CoDES) in home care.

PubMed

Sundler, Annelie J; Höglander, Jessica; Eklund, Jakob Håkansson; Eide, Hilde; Holmström, Inger K

2017-02-01

This study aims to a) explore to what extent older persons express emotional cues and concerns during home care visits; b) describe what cues and concerns these older persons expressed, and c) explore who initiated these cues and concerns. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. Data consisted of 188 audio recorded home care visits with older persons and registered nurses or nurse assistants, coded with the Verona coding definitions on emotional sequences (VR-CoDES). Emotional expressions of cues and concerns occurred in 95 (51%) of the 188 recorded home care visits. Most frequent were implicit expressions of cues (n=292) rather than explicit concerns (n=24). Utterances with hints to hidden concerns (63,9%, n=202) were most prevalent, followed by vague or unspecific expressions of emotional worries (15,8%, n=50). Most of these were elicited by the nursing staff (63%, n=200). Emotional needs expressed by the older persons receiving home care were mainly communicated implicitly. To be attentive to such vaguely expressed emotions may demand nursing staff to be sensitive and open. The VR-CoDES can be applied on audio recorded home care visits to analyse verbal and emotional communication, and may allow comparative research. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Statistical Analysis of CFD Solutions from the Third AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morrison, Joseph H.; Hemsch, Michael J.

2007-01-01

The first AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop, held in June 2001, evaluated the results from an extensive N-version test of a collection of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes CFD codes. The code-to-code scatter was more than an order of magnitude larger than desired for design and experimental validation of cruise conditions for a subsonic transport configuration. The second AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop, held in June 2003, emphasized the determination of installed pylon-nacelle drag increments and grid refinement studies. The code-to-code scatter was significantly reduced compared to the first DPW, but still larger than desired. However, grid refinement studies showed no significant improvement in code-to-code scatter with increasing grid refinement. The third Drag Prediction Workshop focused on the determination of installed side-of-body fairing drag increments and grid refinement studies for clean attached flow on wing alone configurations and for separated flow on the DLR-F6 subsonic transport model. This work evaluated the effect of grid refinement on the code-to-code scatter for the clean attached flow test cases and the separated flow test cases.

Dynamic Elasto-Plastic Response of Shells in an Acoustic Medium - Theoretical Development for the EPSA Code

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-07-01

TECHNOLOGY OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON* VA 22217 ATTN CODE 200 NAVAL. UNDERWATER SYSTEMS COMMAND NEWPORT. RI 02840 ATTN DRo AZRIEL HARARI/ 3 .b 311...ANAOST.FIT THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE EPSA CODE ~/ R/Atkatsh, M.P./Bieniek. -AM M.L.,/aron OFF NAVAL RESEARCH CONTRACT N/ 3 14-72-C-19~. TRACT 7_...the report, both procedures result In a marked increase in computational efficiency, parti- cularly for cases in which large systems are to be

A Combinatorial Geometry Target Description of the High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV)

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-10-01

NOTE3 1W. KFY OORDS (Continwo =n reverse aide If necesesar aid ldwttlfy by" block ntmber) •JW7 Regions, COM-EOM Region Ident• fication GIFT Material...technique of mobna.tcri• i Geometr- (Com-Geom). The Com-Gem data is used as input to the Geometric Inf• •cation for Targets ( GIFT ) computer code to... GIFT ) 2 3 computer code. This report documents the combinatorial geometry (Com-Geom) target description data which is the input data for the GIFT code

Envelope of Correlation Used with Deconvolution and Reconvolution to Remove the Direct Arrival in a Multipath Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-01

London - Amsterdam:Geophysical Press, 1984. 3 Dicus, Ronald L., "Impulse response estimation with underwater explosive charge acoustic signals," Journal of... Ronald N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transform and Its Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1978, pp 267-71. 6 Julius S. Bendat and Allan G. Pierson...Feuillade Code 212 Ted Kennedy L. Dolly Lee Code 240 Dr. Ron Wagstaff 833 Hancock Sq., Suite G Dr. Robert Farwell Bay St. Louis, MS 39520 Code 242 Roger

Observations on Polar Coding with CRC-Aided List Decoding

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

9 v 1. INTRODUCTION Polar codes are a new type of forward error correction (FEC) codes, introduced by Arikan in [1], in which he...error correction (FEC) currently used and planned for use in Navy wireless communication systems. The project’s results from FY14 and FY15 are...good error- correction per- formance. We used the Tal/Vardy method of [5]. The polar encoder uses a row vector u of length N . Let uA be the subvector

Hot zero power reactor calculations using the Insilico code

DOE PAGES

Hamilton, Steven P.; Evans, Thomas M.; Davidson, Gregory G.; ...

2016-03-18

In this paper we describe the reactor physics simulation capabilities of the insilico code. A description of the various capabilities of the code is provided, including detailed discussion of the geometry, meshing, cross section processing, and neutron transport options. Numerical results demonstrate that the insilico SP N solver with pin-homogenized cross section generation is capable of delivering highly accurate full-core simulation of various PWR problems. Comparison to both Monte Carlo calculations and measured plant data is provided.

Logistics Support Analysis Techniques Guide

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-03-15

LANGUAGE (DATA RECORDS) FORTRAN CDC 6600 D&V FSD P/D A H REMA-RKS: Program n-s-ists of F PLIATIffIONS, approx 4000 line of coding , 3 Safegard, AN/FSC... FORTRAN IV -EW-RAK9-- The model consz.sts of IT--k-LIC- I-U-0NS: approximately 367 lines of SiNCGARS, PERSHING II coding . %.’. ~ LSA TASK INTERFACE...system supported by Computer’ Systems Command. The current version of LADEN is coded totally in FORTRAN 󈧕 for virtual memory operating system

A Randomized Controlled Trial of a CPR Decision Support Video for Patients Admitted to the General Medicine Service.

PubMed

Merino, Aimee M; Greiner, Ryan; Hartwig, Kristopher

2017-09-01

Patient preferences regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are important, especially during hospitalization when a patient's health is changing. Yet many patients are not adequately informed or involved in the decision-making process. We examined the effect of an informational video about CPR on hospitalized patients' code status choices. This was a prospective, randomized trial conducted at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System in Minnesota. We enrolled 119 patients, hospitalized on the general medicine service, and at least 65 years old. The majority were men (97%) with a mean age of 75. A video described code status choices: full code (CPR and intubation if required), do not resuscitate (DNR), and do not resuscitate/do not intubate (DNR/DNI). Participants were randomized to watch the video (n = 59) or usual care (n = 60). The primary outcome was participants' code status preferences. Secondary outcomes included a questionnaire designed to evaluate participants' trust in their healthcare team and knowledge and perceptions about CPR. Participants who viewed the video were less likely to choose full code (37%) compared to participants in the usual care group (71%) and more likely to choose DNR/DNI (56% in the video group vs. 17% in the control group) ( < 0.00001). We did not see a difference in trust in their healthcare team or knowledge and perceptions about CPR as assessed by our questionnaire. Hospitalized patients who watched a video about CPR and code status choices were less likely to choose full code and more likely to choose DNR/DNI. © 2017 Society of Hospital Medicine

Description and Use of the Plume Radiation Code ATLES

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-05-13

CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE THOSE 2OF THE AUTHORS AND SHOULD NOT BE INTERPRETED AS NECESSARILY REPRESENTING THE OFFICIAL POLICIES , EITHER EXPRESSED OR...0 o N C?) -4 0 N N cnCD 0 C0 0 *N N N N R N N N I N N N N A V A V A V V V V A V V V V 40 0 )0 0 00 cn 0 C 0 ON M N3 VA A A i * 0 C) )c C ’V0 N 0 N: C

Improved classical and quantum random access codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liabøtrø, O.

2017-05-01

A (quantum) random access code ((Q)RAC) is a scheme that encodes n bits into m (qu)bits such that any of the n bits can be recovered with a worst case probability p >1/2 . We generalize (Q)RACs to a scheme encoding n d -levels into m (quantum) d -levels such that any d -level can be recovered with the probability for every wrong outcome value being less than 1/d . We construct explicit solutions for all n ≤d/2m-1 d -1 . For d =2 , the constructions coincide with those previously known. We show that the (Q)RACs are d -parity oblivious, generalizing ordinary parity obliviousness. We further investigate optimization of the success probabilities. For d =2 , we use the measure operators of the previously best-known solutions, but improve the encoding states to give a higher success probability. We conjecture that for maximal (n =4m-1 ,m ,p ) QRACs, p =1/2 {1 +[(√{3}+1)m-1 ] -1} is possible, and show that it is an upper bound for the measure operators that we use. We then compare (n ,m ,pq) QRACs with classical (n ,2 m ,pc) RACs. We can always find pq≥pc , but the classical code gives information about every input bit simultaneously, while the QRAC only gives information about a subset. For several different (n ,2 ,p ) QRACs, we see the same trade-off, as the best p values are obtained when the number of bits that can be obtained simultaneously is as small as possible. The trade-off is connected to parity obliviousness, since high certainty information about several bits can be used to calculate probabilities for parities of subsets.

Examples of Isallobaric Forcing in Surface Frontal Motion and Surface Frontogenesis over the Central United States

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-02-23

TABQ Lnannounoed 0 Juastification Distri~bution/ 23 FeruaryI~()Availability Codes vai1 and/or Dist Sioa WA LAI 1r.:. 1.’ 1 0 YF I~. 9’. t l ni 1 nn N...5. 4 I S A 1A,1, v 1o.2 4 -2.9 1:3. 1 3 142 N 100 WI ACIIJA|, I 2.3 t 8.2 Ac -5.9 * A ISAIA , 103.7 * 8.2 A 8.5 1 4 42 N 98 W t ACTUAL, 4 4. 0 C 17...parameter at grid points, consideration of the error produced by the objective analysis scheme is necessary. The computer code used for the Cressman (1959

Performance of noncoherent MFSK channels with coding

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butman, S. A.; Lyon, R. F.

1974-01-01

Computer simulation of data transmission over a noncoherent channel with predetection signal-to-noise ratio of 1 shows that convolutional coding can reduce the energy requirement by 4.5 dB at a bit error rate of 0.001. The effects of receiver quantization and choice of number of tones are analyzed; nearly optimum performance is attained with eight quantization levels and sixteen tones at predetection S/N ratio of 1. The effects of changing predetection S/N ratio are also analyzed; for lower predetection S/N ratio, accurate extrapolations can be made from the data, but for higher values, the results are more complicated. These analyses will be useful in designing telemetry systems when coherence is limited by turbulence in the signal propagation medium or oscillator instability.

Multitasking the code ARC3D. [for computational fluid dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barton, John T.; Hsiung, Christopher C.

1986-01-01

The CRAY multitasking system was developed in order to utilize all four processors and sharply reduce the wall clock run time. This paper describes the techniques used to modify the computational fluid dynamics code ARC3D for this run and analyzes the achieved speedup. The ARC3D code solves either the Euler or thin-layer N-S equations using an implicit approximate factorization scheme. Results indicate that multitask processing can be used to achieve wall clock speedup factors of over three times, depending on the nature of the program code being used. Multitasking appears to be particularly advantageous for large-memory problems running on multiple CPU computers.

Computational tools and lattice design for the PEP-II B-Factory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cai, Y.; Irwin, J.; Nosochkov, Y.

1997-02-01

Several accelerator codes were used to design the PEP-II lattices, ranging from matrix-based codes, such as MAD and DIMAD, to symplectic-integrator codes, such as TRACY and DESPOT. In addition to element-by-element tracking, we constructed maps to determine aberration strengths. Furthermore, we have developed a fast and reliable method (nPB tracking) to track particles with a one-turn map. This new technique allows us to evaluate performance of the lattices on the entire tune-plane. Recently, we designed and implemented an object-oriented code in C++ called LEGO which integrates and expands upon TRACY and DESPOT. {copyright} {ital 1997 American Institute of Physics.}

Computational tools and lattice design for the PEP-II B-Factory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cai Yunhai; Irwin, John; Nosochkov, Yuri

1997-02-01

Several accelerator codes were used to design the PEP-II lattices, ranging from matrix-based codes, such as MAD and DIMAD, to symplectic-integrator codes, such as TRACY and DESPOT. In addition to element-by-element tracking, we constructed maps to determine aberration strengths. Furthermore, we have developed a fast and reliable method (nPB tracking) to track particles with a one-turn map. This new technique allows us to evaluate performance of the lattices on the entire tune-plane. Recently, we designed and implemented an object-oriented code in C++ called LEGO which integrates and expands upon TRACY and DESPOT.

Hill Ciphers over Near-Fields

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farag, Mark

2007-01-01

Hill ciphers are linear codes that use as input a "plaintext" vector [p-right arrow above] of size n, which is encrypted with an invertible n x n matrix E to produce a "ciphertext" vector [c-right arrow above] = E [middle dot] [p-right arrow above]. Informally, a near-field is a triple [left angle bracket]N; +, *[right angle bracket] that…

Fluid simulations of nonlocal dissipative drift-wave turbulence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, X. Q.; Cohen, R. H.; Crotinger, J. A.; Shestakov, A. I.

1995-03-01

A two-dimensional [2d(x,y)] fluid code has been developed to explore nonlocal dissipative drift-wave turbulence and anomalous transport. In order to obtain steady-state turbulence, the y-averaged fluctuating density has been forced to be zero in simulations, thus the difficulty of choosing proper sources and sinks in turbulence simulation codes has been avoided. If Ln≫Lc or Lαlc≫Lc, where Ln is the density gradient scale length, Lc the turbulence correlation length Lc, and Lαlc the adiabaticity-layer width, it has been shown that ``local'' turbulence simulations give reasonable results. However, for Ln˜Lc, or Lαlc˜Lc ``local'' turbulence codes are found to overestimate the flux. For a family of hyperbolic tangent background density profiles, n0(x)=nm-n1 tanh[(2x-Lx)/2Δn] with n1<0.5nm, it has been demonstrated that the nonlocality of the turbulence leads to a transition from local gyro-Bohm (Dlocal≂7.6(Te/eB)[ρs/Ln(x)] [αlc(x)/0.01]-1/3), where αlc(x)=α(x)/κ(x)<1, to nonlocal gyro-Bohm transport scaling [Dnonlocal≂7.6(Te/eB)(n1ρs/nmΔn) (αnlc/0.01)-1/3(Δn/40ρs)2/5 for αnlc(x)=α/κmax<1, κ(x)=ρs/Ln(x) and α=k2∥χe]. For the case Φ0(x)=-n0(x) with the model hyperbolic tangent density profiles n0(x), velocity shear increases the turbulence flux by 230% and the root-mean-square (RMS) fluctuating density by 36%. Otherwise, for Φ0(x)=n0(x), the turbulence flux is reduced by 71% and the RMS value of fluctuating density is decreased by 31% by velocity shear effects.

Determination of the δ15N of nitrate in solids; RSIL lab code 2894

USGS Publications Warehouse

Coplen, Tyler B.; Qi, Haiping; Revesz, Kinga; Casciotti, Karen; Hannon, Janet E.

2007-01-01

The purpose of the Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory (RSIL) lab code 2894 is to determine the δ15N of nitrate (NO3-) in solids. The nitrate fraction of the nitrogen species is dissolved by water (called leaching) and can be analyzed by the bacterial method covered in RSIL lab code 2899. After leaching, the δ15N of the dissolved NO3- is analyzed by conversion of the NO3- to nitrous oxide (N2O), which serves as the analyte for mass spectrometry. A culture of denitrifying bacteria is used in the enzymatic conversion of NO3- to N2O, which follows the pathway shown in equation 1: NO3- → NO2- → NO → 1/2 N2O (1) Because the bacteria Pseudomonas aureofaciens lack N2O reductive activity, the reaction stops at N2O, unlike the typical denitrification reaction that goes to N2. After several hours, the conversion is complete, and the N2O is extracted from the vial, separated from volatile organic vapor and water vapor by an automated -65 °C isopropanol-slush trap, a Nafion drier, a CO2 and water removal unit (Costech #021020 carbon dioxide absorbent with Mg(ClO4)2), and trapped in a small-volume trap immersed in liquid nitrogen with a modified Finnigan MAT (now Thermo Scientific) GasBench 2 introduction system. After the N2O is released, it is further purified by gas chromatography before introduction to the isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The IRMS is a Thermo Scientific Delta V Plus continuous flow IRMS (CF-IRMS). It has a universal triple collector, consisting of two wide cups with a narrow cup in the middle; it is capable of simultaneously measuring mass/charge (m/z) of the N2O molecule 44, 45, and 46. The ion beams from these m/z values are as follows: m/z = 44 = N2O = 14N14N16O; m/z = 45 = N2O = 14N15N16O or 14N14N17O; m/z = 46 = N2O = 14N14N18O. The 17O contributions to the m/z 44 and m/z 45 ion beams are accounted for before δ15N values are reported.

Advanced coding and modulation schemes for TDRSS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrell, Linda; Kaplan, Ted; Berman, Ted; Chang, Susan

1993-01-01

This paper describes the performance of the Ungerboeck and pragmatic 8-Phase Shift Key (PSK) Trellis Code Modulation (TCM) coding techniques with and without a (255,223) Reed-Solomon outer code as they are used for Tracking Data and Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) S-Band and Ku-Band return services. The performance of these codes at high data rates is compared to uncoded Quadrature PSK (QPSK) and rate 1/2 convolutionally coded QPSK in the presence of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), self-interference, and hardware distortions. This paper shows that the outer Reed-Solomon code is necessary to achieve a 10(exp -5) Bit Error Rate (BER) with an acceptable level of degradation in the presence of RFI. This paper also shows that the TCM codes with or without the Reed-Solomon outer code do not perform well in the presence of self-interference. In fact, the uncoded QPSK signal performs better than the TCM coded signal in the self-interference situation considered in this analysis. Finally, this paper shows that the E(sub b)/N(sub 0) degradation due to TDRSS hardware distortions is approximately 1.3 dB with a TCM coded signal or a rate 1/2 convolutionally coded QPSK signal and is 3.2 dB with an uncoded QPSK signal.

Evaluating the Validity of Computerized Content Analysis Programs for Identification of Emotional Expression in Cancer Narratives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bantum, Erin O'Carroll; Owen, Jason E.

2009-01-01

Psychological interventions provide linguistic data that are particularly useful for testing mechanisms of action and improving intervention methodologies. For this study, emotional expression in an Internet-based intervention for women with breast cancer (n = 63) was analyzed via rater coding and 2 computerized coding methods (Linguistic Inquiry…

Acquisition of Inductive Biconditional Reasoning Skills: Training of Simultaneous and Sequential Processing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Seong-Soo

1982-01-01

Tenth-grade students (n=144) received training on one of three processing methods: coding-mapping (simultaneous), coding only, or decision tree (sequential). The induced simultaneous processing strategy worked optimally under rule learning, while the sequential strategy was difficult to induce and/or not optimal for rule-learning operations.…

Refusal Skill Ability: An Examination of Adolescent Perceptions of Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nichols, Tracy R.; Birnel, Sara; Graber, Julia A.; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne; Botvin, Gilbert J.

2010-01-01

This pilot study examined whether refusal assertion as defined by a proven drug prevention program was associated with adolescent perceptions of effectiveness by comparing two sets of coded responses to adolescent videotaped refusal role-plays (N = 63). The original set of codes was defined by programmatic standards of refusal assertion and the…

Neutron Productions from thin Be target irradiated by 50 MeV/u 238U beam

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Hee-Seock; Oh, Joo-Hee; Jung, Nam-Suk; Oranj, Leila Mokhtari; Nakao, Noriaki; Uwamino, Yoshitomo

2017-09-01

Neutrons generated from thin beryllium target by 50 MeV/u 238U beam were measured using activation analysis at 15, 30, 45, and 90 degrees from the beam direction. A 0.085 mm-thick Be stripper of RIBF was used as the neutron generating target. Activation detectors of bismuth, cobalt, and aluminum were placed out of the stripper chamber. The threshold reactions of 209Bi(n, xn)210-xBi(x=4 8), 59Co(n, xn)60-xCO(x=2 5), 59Co(n, 2nα)54Mn, 27Al(n, α)24Na, and 27Al(n,2nα)22Na were applied to measure the production rates of radionuclides. The neutron spectra were obtained using an unfolding method with the SAND-II code. All of production rates and neutron spectra were compared with the calculated results using Monte Carlo codes, the PHITS and the FLUKA. The FLUKA results showed better agreement with the measurements than the PHITS. The discrepancy between the measurements and the calculations were discussed.

Investigation of the High, Finite n Ballooning Mode Limit for Compact Quasi-Axially Symmetric Stellarators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Redi, Martha; Canik, John; Fredrickson, E.; Fu, G.; Nuehrenberg, C.; Boozer, A. H.

2000-10-01

The standard ballooning-mode beta limit comes from an infinite-n, radially local, ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) calculation. Finite-n ballooning modes have been observed in tokamak plasmas [1]. Investigations of optimized quasiaxially symmetric stellarators with three dimensional, global, ideal MHD codes have recently shown good stability for the external kink, ``vertical" and infinite-n ballooning modes [2,3]. However, infinite-n ballooning stability may be too restrictive, due to its sensitivity to features in the local shear and curvature. The CAS3D [4] code is being used to compare the stability of the high-n ballooning modes to the infinite-n calculations from TERPSICHORE [5]. [1] E. Fredrickson, et al. Phys. Plas. 3 (1996) 2620. [2] G. Fu, Phys. Plas. 7 (2000)1079; Phys. Plas. 7 (2000) 1809. M. Redi, et al. Phys. Plas 7 (2000)1911. [3] A. Reiman, et al., Plas. Phys. Cont. Fus. 41 (1999) B273. [4] C. Nuehrenberg, Phys. Plas. 6 (1999) 275. C. Nuehrenberg, Phys. Plas. 3 (1996) 2401. C. Schwab, Phys. Fluids B5 (1993) 3195. [5] W. A. Cooper, Phys. Plas. 3 (1996) 275.

Comparison of numerical techniques for integration of stiff ordinary differential equations arising in combustion chemistry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Radhakrishnan, K.

1984-01-01

The efficiency and accuracy of several algorithms recently developed for the efficient numerical integration of stiff ordinary differential equations are compared. The methods examined include two general-purpose codes, EPISODE and LSODE, and three codes (CHEMEQ, CREK1D, and GCKP84) developed specifically to integrate chemical kinetic rate equations. The codes are applied to two test problems drawn from combustion kinetics. The comparisons show that LSODE is the fastest code currently available for the integration of combustion kinetic rate equations. An important finding is that an interactive solution of the algebraic energy conservation equation to compute the temperature does not result in significant errors. In addition, this method is more efficient than evaluating the temperature by integrating its time derivative. Significant reductions in computational work are realized by updating the rate constants (k = at(supra N) N exp(-E/RT) only when the temperature change exceeds an amount delta T that is problem dependent. An approximate expression for the automatic evaluation of delta T is derived and is shown to result in increased efficiency.

Tempest simulations of kinetic GAM mode and neoclassical turbulence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, X. Q.; Dimits, A. M.

2007-11-01

TEMPEST is a nonlinear five dimensional (3d2v) gyrokinetic continuum code for studies of H-mode edge plasma neoclassical transport and turbulence in real divertor geometry. The 4D TEMPEST code correctly produces frequency, collisionless damping of GAM and zonal flow with fully nonlinear Boltzmann electrons in homogeneous plasmas. For large q=4 to 9, the Tempest simulations show that a series of resonance at higher harmonics v||=φGqR0/n with n=4 become effective. The TEMPEST simulation also shows that GAM exists in edge plasma pedestal for steep density and temperature gradients, and an initial GAM relaxes to the standard neoclassical residual with neoclassical transport, rather than Rosenbluth-Hinton residual due to the presence of ion-ion collisions. The enhanced GAM damping explains experimental BES measurements on the edge q scaling of the GAM amplitude. Our 5D gyrokinetic code is built on 4D Tempest neoclassical code with extension to a fifth dimension in toroidal direction and with 3D domain decompositions. Progress on performing 5D neoclassical turbulence simulations will be reported.

Study of (n,2n) reaction on 191,193Ir isotopes and isomeric cross section ratios

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vlastou, R.; Kalamara, A.; Kokkoris, M.; Patronis, N.; Serris, M.; Georgoulakis, M.; Hassapoglou, S.; Kobothanasis, K.; Axiotis, M.; Lagoyannis, A.

2017-09-01

The cross section of 191Ir(n,2n)190Irg+m1 and 191Ir(n,2n)190Irm2 reactions has been measured at 17.1 and 20.9 MeV neutron energies at the 5.5 MV tandem T11/25 Accelerator Laboratory of NCSR "Demokritos", using the activation method. The neutron beams were produced by means of the 3H(d,n)4He reaction at a flux of the order of 2 × 105 n/cm2s. The neutron flux has been deduced implementing the 27Al(n,α) reaction, while the flux variation of the neutron beam was monitored by using a BF3 detector. The 193Ir(n,2n)192Ir reaction cross section has also been determined, taking into account the contribution from the contaminant 191Ir(n,γ)192Ir reaction. The correction method is based on the existing data in ENDF for the contaminant reaction, convoluted with the neutron spectra which have been extensively studied by means of simulations using the NeusDesc and MCNP codes. Statistical model calculations using the code EMPIRE 3.2.2 and taking into account pre-equilibrium emission, have been performed on the data measured in this work as well as on data reported in literature.

A Note on a Sampling Theorem for Functions over GF(q)n Domain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ukita, Yoshifumi; Saito, Tomohiko; Matsushima, Toshiyasu; Hirasawa, Shigeichi

In digital signal processing, the sampling theorem states that any real valued function ƒ can be reconstructed from a sequence of values of ƒ that are discretely sampled with a frequency at least twice as high as the maximum frequency of the spectrum of ƒ. This theorem can also be applied to functions over finite domain. Then, the range of frequencies of ƒ can be expressed in more detail by using a bounded set instead of the maximum frequency. A function whose range of frequencies is confined to a bounded set is referred to as bandlimited function. And a sampling theorem for bandlimited functions over Boolean domain has been obtained. Here, it is important to obtain a sampling theorem for bandlimited functions not only over Boolean domain (GF(q)n domain) but also over GF(q)n domain, where q is a prime power and GF(q) is Galois field of order q. For example, in experimental designs, although the model can be expressed as a linear combination of the Fourier basis functions and the levels of each factor can be represented by GF(q)n, the number of levels often take a value greater than two. However, the sampling theorem for bandlimited functions over GF(q)n domain has not been obtained. On the other hand, the sampling points are closely related to the codewords of a linear code. However, the relation between the parity check matrix of a linear code and any distinct error vectors has not been obtained, although it is necessary for understanding the meaning of the sampling theorem for bandlimited functions. In this paper, we generalize the sampling theorem for bandlimited functions over Boolean domain to a sampling theorem for bandlimited functions over GF(q)n domain. We also present a theorem for the relation between the parity check matrix of a linear code and any distinct error vectors. Lastly, we clarify the relation between the sampling theorem for functions over GF(q)n domain and linear codes.

Augmented burst-error correction for UNICON laser memory. [digital memory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lim, R. S.

1974-01-01

A single-burst-error correction system is described for data stored in the UNICON laser memory. In the proposed system, a long fire code with code length n greater than 16,768 bits was used as an outer code to augment an existing inner shorter fire code for burst error corrections. The inner fire code is a (80,64) code shortened from the (630,614) code, and it is used to correct a single-burst-error on a per-word basis with burst length b less than or equal to 6. The outer code, with b less than or equal to 12, would be used to correct a single-burst-error on a per-page basis, where a page consists of 512 32-bit words. In the proposed system, the encoding and error detection processes are implemented by hardware. A minicomputer, currently used as a UNICON memory management processor, is used on a time-demanding basis for error correction. Based upon existing error statistics, this combination of an inner code and an outer code would enable the UNICON system to obtain a very low error rate in spite of flaws affecting the recorded data.

Energy scaling advantages of resistive memory crossbar based computation and its application to sparse coding

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Agarwal, Sapan; Quach, Tu -Thach; Parekh, Ojas

In this study, the exponential increase in data over the last decade presents a significant challenge to analytics efforts that seek to process and interpret such data for various applications. Neural-inspired computing approaches are being developed in order to leverage the computational properties of the analog, low-power data processing observed in biological systems. Analog resistive memory crossbars can perform a parallel read or a vector-matrix multiplication as well as a parallel write or a rank-1 update with high computational efficiency. For an N × N crossbar, these two kernels can be O(N) more energy efficient than a conventional digital memory-basedmore » architecture. If the read operation is noise limited, the energy to read a column can be independent of the crossbar size (O(1)). These two kernels form the basis of many neuromorphic algorithms such as image, text, and speech recognition. For instance, these kernels can be applied to a neural sparse coding algorithm to give an O(N) reduction in energy for the entire algorithm when run with finite precision. Sparse coding is a rich problem with a host of applications including computer vision, object tracking, and more generally unsupervised learning.« less

Energy scaling advantages of resistive memory crossbar based computation and its application to sparse coding

DOE PAGES

Agarwal, Sapan; Quach, Tu -Thach; Parekh, Ojas; ...

2016-01-06

In this study, the exponential increase in data over the last decade presents a significant challenge to analytics efforts that seek to process and interpret such data for various applications. Neural-inspired computing approaches are being developed in order to leverage the computational properties of the analog, low-power data processing observed in biological systems. Analog resistive memory crossbars can perform a parallel read or a vector-matrix multiplication as well as a parallel write or a rank-1 update with high computational efficiency. For an N × N crossbar, these two kernels can be O(N) more energy efficient than a conventional digital memory-basedmore » architecture. If the read operation is noise limited, the energy to read a column can be independent of the crossbar size (O(1)). These two kernels form the basis of many neuromorphic algorithms such as image, text, and speech recognition. For instance, these kernels can be applied to a neural sparse coding algorithm to give an O(N) reduction in energy for the entire algorithm when run with finite precision. Sparse coding is a rich problem with a host of applications including computer vision, object tracking, and more generally unsupervised learning.« less

26 CFR 301.6103(n)-2T - Disclosure of return information in connection with written contracts among the IRS...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... (temporary). 301.6103(n)-2T Section 301.6103(n)-2T Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Returns Returns and Records § 301.6103(n)-2T Disclosure of return information in connection with written...) General rule. (1) Pursuant to the provisions of sections 6103(n) and 7623 of the Internal Revenue Code and...

Conducting Retrospective Ontological Clinical Trials in ICD-9-CM in the Age of ICD-10-CM.

PubMed

Venepalli, Neeta K; Shergill, Ardaman; Dorestani, Parvaneh; Boyd, Andrew D

2014-01-01

To quantify the impact of International Classification of Disease 10th Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) transition in cancer clinical trials by comparing coding accuracy and data discontinuity in backward ICD-10-CM to ICD-9-CM mapping via two tools, and to develop a standard ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM bridging methodology for retrospective analyses. While the transition to ICD-10-CM has been delayed until October 2015, its impact on cancer-related studies utilizing ICD-9-CM diagnoses has been inadequately explored. Three high impact journals with broad national and international readerships were reviewed for cancer-related studies utilizing ICD-9-CM diagnoses codes in study design, methods, or results. Forward ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM mapping was performing using a translational methodology with the Motif web portal ICD-9-CM conversion tool. Backward mapping from ICD-10-CM to ICD-9-CM was performed using both Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) general equivalence mappings (GEMs) files and the Motif web portal tool. Generated ICD-9-CM codes were compared with the original ICD-9-CM codes to assess data accuracy and discontinuity. While both methods yielded additional ICD-9-CM codes, the CMS GEMs method provided incomplete coverage with 16 of the original ICD-9-CM codes missing, whereas the Motif web portal method provided complete coverage. Of these 16 codes, 12 ICD-9-CM codes were present in 2010 Illinois Medicaid data, and accounted for 0.52% of patient encounters and 0.35% of total Medicaid reimbursements. Extraneous ICD-9-CM codes from both methods (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services general equivalent mapping [CMS GEMs, n = 161; Motif web portal, n = 246]) in excess of original ICD-9-CM codes accounted for 2.1% and 2.3% of total patient encounters and 3.4% and 4.1% of total Medicaid reimbursements from the 2010 Illinois Medicare database. Longitudinal data analyses post-ICD-10-CM transition will require backward ICD-10-CM to ICD-9-CM coding, and data comparison for accuracy. Researchers must be aware that all methods for backward coding are not comparable in yielding original ICD-9-CM codes. The mandated delay is an opportunity for organizations to better understand areas of financial risk with regards to data management via backward coding. Our methodology is relevant for all healthcare-related coding data, and can be replicated by organizations as a strategy to mitigate financial risk.

Reoperative surgery: a critical risk factor for complications inadequately captured by operative reporting and coding of lysis of adhesions.

PubMed

Aloia, Thomas A; Cooper, Amanda; Shi, Weiming; Vauthey, Jean-Nicolas; Lee, Jeffrey E

2014-07-01

Reoperative surgery is suspected, but not proven, to increase postoperative complication rates. In the absence of a specific definition for reoperative surgery, the American College of Surgeons NSQIP has proposed using procedural coding for lysis of adhesions (LOA) as a surrogate for reoperative surgery to risk adjust hospitals. We hypothesized that coding of reoperative surgery will be associated with worse 30-day outcomes and, for abdominal procedures, will be more accurate than operative dictation and coding of "lysis of adhesions." Reoperative surgery was categorized at the time of data abstraction from February 2012 to December 2012 for all NSQIP cases collected at a single institution by independent surgical clinical reviewers. Reoperative surgery classification and coding of LOA were compared with each other and with 30-day outcomes. The setting was a tertiary cancer center, multispecialty NSQIP model. During the study period, 1,289 operations were classified as nonreoperative (n = 793), regionally reoperative (n = 39; prior surgery in an adjacent area of current operation), or locally reoperative (n = 457; prior surgery at same site or organ). In the multispecialty cohort, the non-risk-adjusted rates of overall 30-day morbidity, serious morbidity, and mortality were 21.5%, 17.7%, and 0.5%. Compared with nonreoperative surgery (overall 30-day morbidity 16.8%, serious morbidity 13.9%, and mortality .38%), both regionally reoperative surgery (overall 30-day morbidity 30.8%, serious morbidity 28.2%, and mortality 2.5%) and locally reoperative surgery (overall 30-day morbidity 28.9%, serious morbidity 23.4%, and mortality .66%) were associated with worse outcomes (p < 0.001). One hundred ninety-nine of the 327 gastrointestinal/laparotomy cases were recorded as reoperative, but only of 20 of these were CPT coded as LOA (sensitivity = 10%). Reoperative surgery is frequent, increases the risk of complications, and can be captured. Operative LOA coding vastly under reports reoperative surgery and, therefore, is not an adequate surrogate for this important risk factor. Copyright © 2014 American College of Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

State Dependency of Chemosensory Coding in the Gustatory Thalamus (VPMpc) of Alert Rats

PubMed Central

Liu, Haixin

2015-01-01

The parvicellular portion of the ventroposteromedial nucleus (VPMpc) is the part of the thalamus that processes gustatory information. Anatomical evidence shows that the VPMpc receives ascending gustatory inputs from the parabrachial nucleus (PbN) in the brainstem and sends projections to the gustatory cortex (GC). Although taste processing in PbN and GC has been the subject of intense investigation in behaving rodents, much less is known on how VPMpc neurons encode gustatory information. Here we present results from single-unit recordings in the VPMpc of alert rats receiving multiple tastants. Thalamic neurons respond to taste with time-varying modulations of firing rates, consistent with those observed in GC and PbN. These responses encode taste quality as well as palatability. Comparing responses to tastants either passively delivered, or self-administered after a cue, unveiled the effects of general expectation on taste processing in VPMpc. General expectation led to an improvement of taste coding by modulating response dynamics, and single neuron ability to encode multiple tastants. Our results demonstrate that the time course of taste coding as well as single neurons' ability to encode for multiple qualities are not fixed but rather can be altered by the state of the animal. Together, the data presented here provide the first description that taste coding in VPMpc is dynamic and state-dependent. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Over the past years, a great deal of attention has been devoted to understanding taste coding in the brainstem and cortex of alert rodents. Thanks to this research, we now know that taste coding is dynamic, distributed, and context-dependent. Alas, virtually nothing is known on how the gustatory thalamus (VPMpc) processes gustatory information in behaving rats. This manuscript investigates taste processing in the VPMpc of behaving rats. Our results show that thalamic neurons encode taste and palatability with time-varying patterns of activity and that thalamic coding of taste is modulated by general expectation. Our data will appeal not only to researchers interested in taste, but also to a broader audience of sensory and systems neuroscientists interested in the thalamocortical system. PMID:26609147

Monitoring Sub-Saharan African Physician Migration and Recruitment Post-Adoption of the WHO Code of Practice: Temporal and Geographic Patterns in the United States

PubMed Central

Tankwanchi, Akhenaten Benjamin Siankam; Vermund, Sten H.; Perkins, Douglas D.

2015-01-01

Data monitoring is a key recommendation of the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel, a global framework adopted in May 2010 to address health workforce retention in resource-limited countries and the ethics of international migration. Using data on African-born and African-educated physicians in the 2013 American Medical Association Physician Masterfile (AMA Masterfile), we monitored Sub-Saharan African (SSA) physician recruitment into the physician workforce of the United States (US) post-adoption of the WHO Code of Practice. From the observed data, we projected to 2015 with linear regression, and we mapped migrant physicians’ locations using GPS Visualizer and ArcGIS. The 2013 AMA Masterfile identified 11,787 active SSA-origin physicians, representing barely 1.3% (11,787/940,456) of the 2013 US physician workforce, but exceeding the total number of physicians reported by WHO in 34 SSA countries (N = 11,519). We estimated that 15.7% (1,849/11,787) entered the US physician workforce after the Code of Practice was adopted. Compared to pre-Code estimates from 2002 (N = 7,830) and 2010 (N = 9,938), the annual admission rate of SSA émigrés into the US physician workforce is increasing. This increase is due in large part to the growing number of SSA-born physicians attending medical schools outside SSA, representing a trend towards younger migrants. Projection estimates suggest that there will be 12,846 SSA migrant physicians in the US physician workforce in 2015, and over 2,900 of them will be post-Code recruits. Most SSA migrant physicians are locating to large urban US areas where physician densities are already the highest. The Code of Practice has not slowed the SSA-to-US physician migration. To stem the physician “brain drain”, it is essential to incentivize professional practice in SSA and diminish the appeal of US migration with bolder interventions targeting primarily early-career (age ≤ 35) SSA physicians. PMID:25875010

Determination of the Complex Elastic Moduli of Materials Using A Free- Free Bar Technique

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

LCDR, Dr. D. L alner 1 Dept. of Physics (Code PH) Naval Postgrdumt School Monterey, CA 93943 10 . Cgimd Ofric. Naval Reserh Labrary ATI’N: Dr. N...Postgraduate School ( fAp~hicbl) Naval Postgraduate School 6c. ADDRESS MclY- $Mae, 02t c7;w 3 7b. ADDRESS (city, MUk and ii? code) Mogntere CA 93943-5=0...Monery CA 93943-5000 Sa. NAME OF FUNDDOISIONS0R]NG G. OFMiCE SYMBOL 9. FUU1ENIICMN IDTFCTONNUMBER ORGANUAT1ON j (If Appkiabie) NSWC. CRANE. NPS

Human Factors Affecting Pilot Performance in Vertical and Translational Instrument Flight.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-01

measures. DD I 1473 EDITION OF I NOV SS 0WITI UnclassifiedS’N 002-L-014-601 d Mhoi~~ ~~~~~~~ SEUIYCASFCAINO HSP BEHAVORAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY e.-)(Co...Dr. A. L. Slafkosky Mr. R. Lawson Scientific Advisor ONR Detachment Commandant of the Marine Corps 1030 East Green Street Code RD-i SPasadena, CA 91106...Center ONR Detachment Orlando, FL 32b13 1030 East Green Street3. Pasadena, CA 911u6 CDR INouiian ’L. Lane Code N-7A Naval Training Equipment Center

New Syndrome Decoding Techniques for the (n, K) Convolutional Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, I. S.; Truong, T. K.

1983-01-01

This paper presents a new syndrome decoding algorithm for the (n,k) convolutional codes (CC) which differs completely from an earlier syndrome decoding algorithm of Schalkwijk and Vinck. The new algorithm is based on the general solution of the syndrome equation, a linear Diophantine equation for the error polynomial vector E(D). The set of Diophantine solutions is a coset of the CC. In this error coset a recursive, Viterbi-like algorithm is developed to find the minimum weight error vector (circumflex)E(D). An example, illustrating the new decoding algorithm, is given for the binary nonsystemmatic (3,1)CC.

Simplified Syndrome Decoding of (n, 1) Convolutional Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, I. S.; Truong, T. K.

1983-01-01

A new syndrome decoding algorithm for the (n, 1) convolutional codes (CC) that is different and simpler than the previous syndrome decoding algorithm of Schalkwijk and Vinck is presented. The new algorithm uses the general solution of the polynomial linear Diophantine equation for the error polynomial vector E(D). This set of Diophantine solutions is a coset of the CC space. A recursive or Viterbi-like algorithm is developed to find the minimum weight error vector cirumflex E(D) in this error coset. An example illustrating the new decoding algorithm is given for the binary nonsymmetric (2,1)CC.

The accuracy of real-time procedure coding by theatre nurses: a comparison with the central national system.

PubMed

Maclean, Donald; Younes, Hakim Ben; Forrest, Margaret; Towers, Hazel K

2012-03-01

Accurate and timely clinical data are required for clinical and organisational purposes and is especially important for patient management, audit of surgical performance and the electronic health record. The recent introduction of computerised theatre management systems has enabled real-time (point-of-care) operative procedure coding by clinical staff. However the accuracy of these data is unknown. The aim of this Scottish study was to compare the accuracy of theatre nurses' real-time coding on the local theatre management system with the central Scottish Morbidity Record (SMR01). Paired procedural codes were recorded, qualitatively graded for precision and compared (n = 1038). In this study, real-time, point-of-care coding by theatre nurses resulted in significant coding errors compared with the central SMR01 database. Improved collaboration between full-time coders and clinical staff using computerised decision support systems is suggested.

Emotional Availability Scale Among Three U.S. Race/Ethnic Groups.

PubMed

Derscheid, Della J; Fogg, Louis F; Julion, Wrenetha; Johnson, Mary E; Tucker, Sharon; Delaney, Kathleen R

2018-05-01

This study used a cross-sectional design to conduct a subgroup psychometric analysis of the Emotional Availability Scale among matched Hispanic ( n = 20), African American ( n = 20), and European American ( n = 10) English-speaking mother-child dyads in the United States. Differences by race/ethnicity were tested ( p < .05) among (a) Emotional Availability Scale dimensions with ANOVA, and (b) relationships of Emotional Availability Scale dimensions with select Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System variables with Pearson correlation and matched moderated regression. Internal consistency was .950 (Cronbach's α; N = 50). No significant differences in the six Emotional Availability Scale dimension scores by race/ethnicity emerged. Two Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System behaviors predicted two Emotional Availability Scale dimensions each for Hispanic and African American mother-child dyads. Results suggest emotional availability similarity among race/ethnic subgroups with few predictive differences of emotional availability dimensions by specific behaviors for Hispanic and African American subgroups.

Global simulation of edge pedestal micro-instabilities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wan, Weigang; Parker, Scott; Chen, Yang

2011-10-01

We study micro turbulence of the tokamak edge pedestal with global gyrokinetic particle simulations. The simulation code GEM is an electromagnetic δf code. Two sets of DIII-D experimental profiles, shot #131997 and shot #136051 are used. The dominant instabilities appear to be two kinds of modes both propagating in the electron diamagnetic direction, with comparable linear growth rates. The low n mode is at the Alfven frequency range and driven by density and ion temperature gradients. The high n mode is driven by electron temperature gradient and has a low real frequency. A β scan shows that the low n mode is electromagnetic. Frequency analysis shows that the high n mode is sometimes mixed with an ion instability. Experimental radial electric field is applied and its effects studied. We will also show some preliminary nonlinear results. We thank R. Groebner, P. Snyder and Y. Zheng for providing experimental profiles and helpful discussions.

FOURTH SEMINAR TO THE MEMORY OF D.N. KLYSHKO: Algebraic solution of the synthesis problem for coded sequences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leukhin, Anatolii N.

2005-08-01

The algebraic solution of a 'complex' problem of synthesis of phase-coded (PC) sequences with the zero level of side lobes of the cyclic autocorrelation function (ACF) is proposed. It is shown that the solution of the synthesis problem is connected with the existence of difference sets for a given code dimension. The problem of estimating the number of possible code combinations for a given code dimension is solved. It is pointed out that the problem of synthesis of PC sequences is related to the fundamental problems of discrete mathematics and, first of all, to a number of combinatorial problems, which can be solved, as the number factorisation problem, by algebraic methods by using the theory of Galois fields and groups.

Use of the Coding Causes of Death in HIV in the classification of deaths in Northeastern Brazil.

PubMed

Alves, Diana Neves; Bresani-Salvi, Cristiane Campello; Batista, Joanna d'Arc Lyra; Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar; Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros; Melo, Heloísa Ramos Lacerda de; Albuquerque, Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de

2017-01-01

Describe the coding process of death causes for people living with HIV/AIDS, and classify deaths as related or unrelated to immunodeficiency by applying the Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe) system. A cross-sectional study that codifies and classifies the causes of deaths occurring in a cohort of 2,372 people living with HIV/AIDS, monitored between 2007 and 2012, in two specialized HIV care services in Pernambuco. The causes of death already codified according to the International Classification of Diseases were recoded and classified as deaths related and unrelated to immunodeficiency by the CoDe system. We calculated the frequencies of the CoDe codes for the causes of death in each classification category. There were 315 (13%) deaths during the study period; 93 (30%) were caused by an AIDS-defining illness on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention list. A total of 232 deaths (74%) were related to immunodeficiency after application of the CoDe. Infections were the most common cause, both related (76%) and unrelated (47%) to immunodeficiency, followed by malignancies (5%) in the first group and external causes (16%), malignancies (12 %) and cardiovascular diseases (11%) in the second group. Tuberculosis comprised 70% of the immunodeficiency-defining infections. Opportunistic infections and aging diseases were the most frequent causes of death, adding multiple disease burdens on health services. The CoDe system increases the probability of classifying deaths more accurately in people living with HIV/AIDS. Descrever o processo de codificação das causas de morte em pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids, e classificar os óbitos como relacionados ou não relacionados à imunodeficiência aplicando o sistema Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe). Estudo transversal, que codifica e classifica as causas dos óbitos ocorridos em uma coorte de 2.372 pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids acompanhadas entre 2007 e 2012 em dois serviços de atendimento especializado em HIV em Pernambuco. As causas de óbito já codificadas a partir da Classificação Internacional de Doenças foram recodificadas e classificadas como óbitos relacionados e não relacionados à imunodeficiência pelo sistema CoDe. Foram calculadas as frequências dos códigos CoDe das causas do óbito em cada categoria de classificação. Ocorreram 315 (13%) óbitos no período do estudo; 93 (30%) tinham como causa uma doença definidora de Aids da lista do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. No total 232 óbitos (74%) foram relacionados à imunodeficiência após aplicar o CoDe. As infecções foram as causas mais comuns, tanto nos óbitos relacionados (76%) como não relacionados (47%) à imunodeficiência, seguindo-se de malignidades (5%) no primeiro grupo e de causas externas (16%), malignidades (12%) e doenças cardiovasculares (11%) no segundo. A tuberculose compreendeu 70% das infecções definidoras de imunodeficiência. Infecções oportunistas e doenças do envelhecimento foram as causas mais frequentes de óbito, imprimindo carga múltipla de doenças aos serviços de saúde. O sistema CoDe aumenta a probabilidade de classificar os óbitos com maior precisão em pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids.

Experimental and analytical comparison of flowfields in a 110 N (25 lbf) H2/O2 rocket

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, Brian D.; Penko, Paul F.; Schneider, Steven J.; Kim, Suk C.

1991-01-01

A gaseous hydrogen/gaseous oxygen 110 N (25 lbf) rocket was examined through the RPLUS code using the full Navier-Stokes equations with finite rate chemistry. Performance tests were conducted on the rocket in an altitude test facility. Preliminary parametric analyses were performed for a range of mixture ratios and fuel film cooling pcts. It is shown that the computed values of specific impulse and characteristic exhaust velocity follow the trend of the experimental data. Specific impulse computed by the code is lower than the comparable test values by about two to three percent. The computed characteristic exhaust velocity values are lower than the comparable test values by three to four pct. Thrust coefficients computed by the code are found to be within two pct. of the measured values. It is concluded that the discrepancy between computed and experimental performance values could not be attributed to experimental uncertainty.

[Research advances of genomic GYP coding MNS blood group antigens].

PubMed

Liu, Chang-Li; Zhao, Wei-Jun

2012-02-01

The MNS blood group system includes more than 40 antigens, and the M, N, S and s antigens are the most significant ones in the system. The antigenic determinants of M and N antigens lie on the top of GPA on the surface of red blood cells, while the antigenic determinants of S and s antigens lie on the top of GPB on the surface of red blood cells. The GYPA gene coding GPA and the GYPB gene coding GPB locate at the longarm of chromosome 4 and display 95% homologus sequence, meanwhile both genes locate closely to GYPE gene that did not express product. These three genes formed "GYPA-GYPB-GYPE" structure called GYP genome. This review focuses on the molecular basis of genomic GYP and the variety of GYP genome in the expression of diversity MNS blood group antigens. The molecular basis of Miltenberger hybrid glycophorin polymorphism is specifically expounded.

K-shell X-ray transition energies of multi-electron ions of silicon and sulfur

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beiersdorfer, P.; Brown, G. V.; Hell, N.; Santana, J. A.

2017-10-01

Prompted by the detection of K-shell absorption or emission features in the spectra of plasma surrounding high mass X-ray binaries and black holes, recent measurements using the Livermore electron beam ion trap have focused on the energies of the n = 2 to n = 1 K-shell transitions in the L-shell ions of lithiumlike through fluorinelike silicon and sulfur. In parallel, we have made calculations of these transitions using the Flexible Atomic Code and the multi-reference Møller-Plesset (MRMP) atomic physics code. Using this code we have attempted to produce sets of theoretical atomic data with spectroscopic accuracy for all the L-shell ions of silicon and sulfur. We present results of our calculations for oxygenlike and fluorinelike silicon and compare them to the recent electron beam ion trap measurements as well as previous calculations.

A thermal NO(x) prediction model - Scalar computation module for CFD codes with fluid and kinetic effects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcbeath, Giorgio; Ghorashi, Bahman; Chun, Kue

1993-01-01

A thermal NO(x) prediction model is developed to interface with a CFD, k-epsilon based code. A converged solution from the CFD code is the input to the postprocessing model for prediction of thermal NO(x). The model uses a decoupled analysis to estimate the equilibrium level of (NO(x))e which is the constant rate limit. This value is used to estimate the flame (NO(x)) and in turn predict the rate of formation at each node using a two-step Zeldovich mechanism. The rate is fixed on the NO(x) production rate plot by estimating the time to reach equilibrium by a differential analysis based on the reaction: O + N2 = NO + N. The rate is integrated in the nonequilibrium time space based on the residence time at each node in the computational domain. The sum of all nodal predictions yields the total NO(x) level.

K-shell X-ray transition energies of multi-electron ions of silicon and sulfur

DOE PAGES

Beiersdorfer, P.; Brown, G. V.; Hell, N.; ...

2017-04-20

Prompted by the detection of K-shell absorption or emission features in the spectra of plasma surrounding high mass X-ray binaries and black holes, recent measurements using the Livermore electron beam ion trap have focused on the energies of the n = 2 to n = 1 K-shell transitions in the L-shell ions of lithiumlike through fluorinelike silicon and sulfur. In parallel, we have made calculations of these transitions using the Flexible Atomic Code and the multi-reference Møller-Plesset (MRMP) atomic physics code. Using this code we have attempted to produce sets of theoretical atomic data with spectroscopic accuracy for all themore » L-shell ions of silicon and sulfur. Here, we present results of our calculations for oxygenlike and fluorinelike silicon and compare them to the recent electron beam ion trap measurements as well as previous calculations.« less

^235U(n,xnγ) Excitation Function Measurements Using Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy at GEANIE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Younes, W.; Becker, J. A.; Bernstein, L. A.; Archer, D. E.; Stoyer, M. A.; Hauschild, K.; Drake, D. M.; Johns, G. D.; Nelson, R. O.; Wilburn, S. W.

1998-04-01

The ^235U(n,xn) cross sections (where x<=2) have previously been measured at several incident neutron energies. In particular, the ^235U(n,2n) cross section has been measured(J. Frehaut et al.), Nucl. Sci. Eng. 74,29 (1980). reliably up to peak near E_n≈ 11 MeV, but not along the tail which is predicted by some(M.B. Chadwick, private communication.) codes to yield significant (e.g. >= 10% of peak) cross section out to E_n≈ 30 MeV. We have measured gamma-ray spectra resulting from ^235U(n,xn) as a function of neutron energy in the range 1 MeV <~ En <~ 200 MeV using the GEANIE spectrometer at the LANSCE/WNR ``white'' neutron source. We will present excitation functions for the de-excitation gamma rays in ^234,235U compared to predictions from the Hauser-Feshbach-preequilibrium code GNASH(M.B. Chadwick and P.G. Young, Los Alamos Report No. LA-UR-93-104, 1993.).

A numerical algorithm for the explicit calculation of SU(N) and SL(N,C) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alex, Arne; Delft, Jan von; Kalus, Matthias

2011-02-15

We present an algorithm for the explicit numerical calculation of SU(N) and SL(N,C) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, based on the Gelfand-Tsetlin pattern calculus. Our algorithm is well suited for numerical implementation; we include a computer code in an appendix. Our exposition presumes only familiarity with the representation theory of SU(2).

On entanglement-assisted quantum codes achieving the entanglement-assisted Griesmer bound

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Ruihu; Li, Xueliang; Guo, Luobin

2015-12-01

The theory of entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQECCs) is a generalization of the standard stabilizer formalism. Any quaternary (or binary) linear code can be used to construct EAQECCs under the entanglement-assisted (EA) formalism. We derive an EA-Griesmer bound for linear EAQECCs, which is a quantum analog of the Griesmer bound for classical codes. This EA-Griesmer bound is tighter than known bounds for EAQECCs in the literature. For a given quaternary linear code {C}, we show that the parameters of the EAQECC that EA-stabilized by the dual of {C} can be determined by a zero radical quaternary code induced from {C}, and a necessary condition under which a linear EAQECC may achieve the EA-Griesmer bound is also presented. We construct four families of optimal EAQECCs and then show the necessary condition for existence of EAQECCs is also sufficient for some low-dimensional linear EAQECCs. The four families of optimal EAQECCs are degenerate codes and go beyond earlier constructions. What is more, except four codes, our [[n,k,d_{ea};c

Antimicrobial susceptibility and biochemical patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains in Vejle area, Denmark.

PubMed

Lis-Tønder, J; Cybulski, Z

2009-10-01

Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistant to penicillin and ciprofloxacin have been isolated worldwide. Increasing number of N. gonorrhoeae that lack the enzyme proline aminopeptidase (proA-negative N. gonorrhoeae) have been detected in many countries all over the world. This study aims to assess the resistance profiles of N. gonorrhoeae isolates sent to the Department of Clinical Microbiology in Vejle, Denmark, between 2003 and 2007, and to analyse their biochemical patterns. Sixty-two strains of N. gonorrhoeae were retrospectively analysed for their susceptibility to penicillin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. The identification of isolated strains was confirmed using both biochemical and immunological tests. Twenty-one (33.9%) N. gonorrhoeae isolates were resistant to penicillin and 30 (48.4%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. All strains were susceptible to ceftriaxone. Fifty-six (90.3%) N. gonorrhoeae strains showed API NH biochemical code 10,010 (produced acid from glucose and proline aminopeptidase). Six strains showed code 10,000 that lack the enzyme proline aminopeptidase (proA-negative N. gonorrhoeae). Ceftriaxone should be used as the first-line treatment of gonorrhoea in Vejle community area, Denmark, both for infections with proA-producing and proA-negative N. gonorrhoeae isolates, which circulate in the region.

Analysis of unresolved transition arrays in XUV spectral region from highly charged lead ions produced by subnanosecond laser pulse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Tao; Higashiguchi, Takeshi; Li, Bowen; Arai, Goki; Hara, Hiroyuki; Kondo, Yoshiki; Miyazaki, Takanori; Dinh, Thanh-Hung; O'Reilly, Fergal; Sokell, Emma; O'Sullivan, Gerry

2017-02-01

Soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectra from lead (Pb, Z=82) laser-produced plasmas (LPPs) were measured in the 1.0-7.0 nm wavelength region employing a 150-ps, 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser with focused power densities in the range from 3.1×1013 W/cm2 to 1.4×1014 W/cm2. The flexible atomic code (FAC) and the Cowan's suite of atomic structure codes were applied to compute and explain the radiation properties of the lead spectra observed. The most prominent structure in the spectra is a broad double peak, which is produced by Δn=0, n=4-4 and Δn=1, n=4-5 transition arrays emitted from highly charged lead ions. The emission characteristics of Δn=1, n=4-5 transitions were investigated by the use of the unresolved transition arrays (UTAs) model. Numerous new spectral features generated by Δn=1, n=4-5 transitions in ions from Pb21+ to Pb45+ are discerned with the aid of the results from present computations as well as consideration of previous theoretical predictions and experimental data.

Comment II on ''Dense coding in entangled states''

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Akhavan, O.; Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics; Rezakhani, A. T.

2003-07-01

In a recent Brief Report, L. Lee, D. Ahn, and S. W. Hwang [Phys. Rev. A 66, 024304 (2002)] have claimed that using pairwise entangled qubits gives rise to an exponentially more efficient dense coding when two parties are involved than using maximally entangled qubits shared among N parties. Here we show that their claim is not true.

Learning about Probability from Text and Tables: Do Color Coding and Labeling through an Interactive-User Interface Help?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clinton, Virginia; Morsanyi, Kinga; Alibali, Martha W.; Nathan, Mitchell J.

2016-01-01

Learning from visual representations is enhanced when learners appropriately integrate corresponding visual and verbal information. This study examined the effects of two methods of promoting integration, color coding and labeling, on learning about probabilistic reasoning from a table and text. Undergraduate students (N = 98) were randomly…

75 FR 94 - Amendments to the Section 7216 Regulations-Disclosure or Use of Information by Preparers of Returns

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-04

... use of statistical compilations of data under section 7216 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) by a... preparation business, including identification of additional limited circumstances when a tax return preparer... tax return business under Sec. 301.7216-2(n); disclose and use statistical compilations of data...

26 CFR 31.3306(n)-1 - Services on American vessel whose business is conducted by general agent of Secretary of Commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... conducted by general agent of Secretary of Commerce. 31.3306(n)-1 Section 31.3306(n)-1 Internal Revenue... (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(n)-1 Services on American vessel whose business is conducted by general agent of Secretary of Commerce. (a) Section 3306(n) and this section of the regulations...

26 CFR 31.3306(n)-1 - Services on American vessel whose business is conducted by general agent of Secretary of Commerce.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... conducted by general agent of Secretary of Commerce. 31.3306(n)-1 Section 31.3306(n)-1 Internal Revenue... (Chapter 23, Internal Revenue Code of 1954) § 31.3306(n)-1 Services on American vessel whose business is conducted by general agent of Secretary of Commerce. (a) Section 3306(n) and this section of the regulations...

Combined group ECC protection and subgroup parity protection

DOEpatents

Gara, Alan G.; Chen, Dong; Heidelberger, Philip; Ohmacht, Martin

2013-06-18

A method and system are disclosed for providing combined error code protection and subgroup parity protection for a given group of n bits. The method comprises the steps of identifying a number, m, of redundant bits for said error protection; and constructing a matrix P, wherein multiplying said given group of n bits with P produces m redundant error correction code (ECC) protection bits, and two columns of P provide parity protection for subgroups of said given group of n bits. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the matrix P is constructed by generating permutations of m bit wide vectors with three or more, but an odd number of, elements with value one and the other elements with value zero; and assigning said vectors to rows of the matrix P.

Validation of the Protected DMS Specifications

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-04-01

a, * 0 * p (« 0) o in P u tp rH 1 rd X <H • o a a) 0) tt) > U tt) to XI Tl O tt) •rl CO 4H Q) -H rH ’O (0 S •H p T) td C...Cu p P -H COO) D tt) S 0 -H O 4-> 4J •H tP X tn tn c •POO) td rd -H QurH rd tt) 0) tt) E U 0) •• . X X O X P U) ro EH EH...O w d-Hw CM <c ^, CQ 31 APP DIR (START) Subject 1 (at level W) W COEE <- EN f END J N N IL \\ N / TD ^ c W CODE «• IR W CODE i

Studying Tidal Effects In Planetary Systems With Posidonius. A N-Body Simulator Written In Rust.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blanco-Cuaresma, Sergi; Bolmont, Emeline

2017-10-01

Planetary systems with several planets in compact orbital configurations such as TRAPPIST-1 are surely affected by tidal effects. Its study provides us with important insight about its evolution. We developed a second generation of a N-body code based on the tidal model used in Mercury-T, re-implementing and improving its functionalities using Rust as programming language (including a Python interface for easy use) and the WHFAST integrator. The new open source code ensures memory safety, reproducibility of numerical N-body experiments, it improves the spin integration compared to Mercury-T and allows to take into account a new prescription for the dissipation of tidal inertial waves in the convective envelope of stars. Posidonius is also suitable for binary system simulations with evolving stars.

Validity of the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code for hospitalisation with hyponatraemia in elderly patients

PubMed Central

Gandhi, Sonja; Shariff, Salimah Z; Fleet, Jamie L; Weir, Matthew A; Jain, Arsh K; Garg, Amit X

2012-01-01

Objective To evaluate the validity of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code for hyponatraemia (E87.1) in two settings: at presentation to the emergency department and at hospital admission. Design Population-based retrospective validation study. Setting Twelve hospitals in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, from 2003 to 2010. Participants Patients aged 66 years and older with serum sodium laboratory measurements at presentation to the emergency department (n=64 581) and at hospital admission (n=64 499). Main outcome measures Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value comparing various ICD-10 diagnostic coding algorithms for hyponatraemia to serum sodium laboratory measurements (reference standard). Median serum sodium values comparing patients who were code positive and code negative for hyponatraemia. Results The sensitivity of hyponatraemia (defined by a serum sodium ≤132 mmol/l) for the best-performing ICD-10 coding algorithm was 7.5% at presentation to the emergency department (95% CI 7.0% to 8.2%) and 10.6% at hospital admission (95% CI 9.9% to 11.2%). Both specificities were greater than 99%. In the two settings, the positive predictive values were 96.4% (95% CI 94.6% to 97.6%) and 82.3% (95% CI 80.0% to 84.4%), while the negative predictive values were 89.2% (95% CI 89.0% to 89.5%) and 87.1% (95% CI 86.8% to 87.4%). In patients who were code positive for hyponatraemia, the median (IQR) serum sodium measurements were 123 (119–126) mmol/l and 125 (120–130) mmol/l in the two settings. In code negative patients, the measurements were 138 (136–140) mmol/l and 137 (135–139) mmol/l. Conclusions The ICD-10 diagnostic code for hyponatraemia differentiates between two groups of patients with distinct serum sodium measurements at both presentation to the emergency department and at hospital admission. However, these codes underestimate the true incidence of hyponatraemia due to low sensitivity. PMID:23274673

Real-time minimal-bit-error probability decoding of convolutional codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, L.-N.

1974-01-01

A recursive procedure is derived for decoding of rate R = 1/n binary convolutional codes which minimizes the probability of the individual decoding decisions for each information bit, subject to the constraint that the decoding delay be limited to Delta branches. This new decoding algorithm is similar to, but somewhat more complex than, the Viterbi decoding algorithm. A real-time, i.e., fixed decoding delay, version of the Viterbi algorithm is also developed and used for comparison to the new algorithm on simulated channels. It is shown that the new algorithm offers advantages over Viterbi decoding in soft-decision applications, such as in the inner coding system for concatenated coding.

Real-time minimal bit error probability decoding of convolutional codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, L. N.

1973-01-01

A recursive procedure is derived for decoding of rate R=1/n binary convolutional codes which minimizes the probability of the individual decoding decisions for each information bit subject to the constraint that the decoding delay be limited to Delta branches. This new decoding algorithm is similar to, but somewhat more complex than, the Viterbi decoding algorithm. A real-time, i.e. fixed decoding delay, version of the Viterbi algorithm is also developed and used for comparison to the new algorithm on simulated channels. It is shown that the new algorithm offers advantages over Viterbi decoding in soft-decision applications such as in the inner coding system for concatenated coding.

Validation of Multitemperature Nozzle Flow Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Park, Chul; Lee, Seung -Ho.

1994-01-01

A computer code nozzle in n-temperatures (NOZNT), which calculates one-dimensional flows of partially dissociated and ionized air in an expanding nozzle, is tested against three existing sets of experimental data taken in arcjet wind tunnels. The code accounts for the differences among various temperatures, i.e., translational-rotational temperature, vibrational temperatures of individual molecular species, and electron-electronic temperature, and the effects of impurities. The experimental data considered are (1) the spectroscopic emission data; (2) electron beam data on vibrational temperature; and (3) mass-spectrometric species concentration data. It is shown that the impurities are inconsequential for the arcjet flows, and the NOZNT code is validated by numerically reproducing the experimental data.

Petty Cash Custodian Handbook: A ’Guide for Nonappropriated Fund Petty Cash Custodians in Morale, Welfare, and Recreation Activities.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

limitations -- taxes V . How to fill out required forms -- AF form 1401 Petty Cash/Refund Voucher -- AF form 2539 NAP Disbursement Request 4N VI. General...AND ACTIVITY CODES ACTIVITY ACTIVITY CODES TITLE CODES TITLE " C2 Lanes Food and Beverage J3 Outside School Program C3 Lanes Pro Shop J4 Comb Fed... Food and Beverage 05 Course Maintenance L z Education E Outdoor Recreation LI Education Services Program El Marina (On-Base) Facility M = Chaplain

General Electromagnetic Model for the Analysis of Complex Systems (GEMACS) Computer Code Documentation (Version 3). Volume 3, Part 4.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-09-01

6ENFRAL. ELECTROMAGNETIC MODEL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS **%(GEMA CS) Computer Code Documentation ii( Version 3 ). A the BDM Corporation Dr...ANALYSIS FnlTcnclRpr F COMPLEX SYSTEM (GmCS) February 81 - July 83- I TR CODE DOCUMENTATION (Version 3 ) 6.PROMN N.REPORT NUMBER 5. CONTRACT ORGAT97...the ti and t2 directions on the source patch. 3 . METHOD: The electric field at a segment observation point due to the source patch j is given by 1-- lnA

Simulated Assessment of Interference Effects in Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) QPSK Receiver

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

bit error rate BPSK binary phase shift keying CDMA code division multiple access CSI comb spectrum interference CW continuous wave DPSK differential... CDMA ) and GPS systems which is a Gold code. This code is generated by a modulo-2 operation between two different preferred m-sequences. The preferred m...10 SNR Sim (dB) S N R O ut ( dB ) SNR RF SNR DS Figure 3.26: Comparison of input S NRS im and S NROut of the band-pass RF filter (S NRRF) and

Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC)-Basic Scattering Code. Part I. User’s Manual.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-09-01

Command RT : 29 I. Command PG: 32 J. Command GP: 35 K. Command CG: 36 L. Command SG: 39 M. Command AM: 44 N. Conumand PR: 48 0. Command NP: 49 P...these points and con- firm the validity of the solution. 1 0 1 -.- ’----.- ... The source presently considered in the computer code is an Plec - tric...Range Input 28 * RT : Translate and/or Rotate Coordinates 29 SG: Source Geometry Input IQ TO: Test Data Generation Options 17 [IN: Units of Input U)S

Numerical Electromagnetic Code (NEC)-Reflector Antenna Code: Part II. Code Manual.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-09-01

SI N*I~iSl NTE. L%) I 82 GO 󈧏) 242 182 1b8. 3 ZL=P3 84 [) HHO =ZL-HOS( I) b5 If- (r)RH,.L[-..21.AND.DRIIO.GF.O.) ZL=RiOS(1)-9).05 80DFHO=ZL-PHOS(2...ALPHA(2) ,X(2),Y(2),Z(2),XS(3), HHOS (2) DIMENSION MI.J(2 ),.ML(2 ),SIGN(2) I]I LOGI CAL L’f[ST, LI)E13! * 12 COMMON /RFFr)Y/fHOS I -"’ICOMMAON /FOCAL

Parsimony and complexity: Cell fate assignment in the developing Drosophila eye.

PubMed

Mavromatakis, Yannis Emmanuel; Tomlinson, Andrew

2017-07-03

The specification of the R7 photoreceptor in the Drosophila eye has become a classic model for understanding how cell fates are assigned in developing systems. R7 is derived from a group of cells that also gives rise to the R1/6 photoreceptor class and the non-photoreceptor cone cells. Our studies examine the signals and cellular information that direct each of these cell types. The cell fates are directed by the combined actions of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) and Notch (N) signaling pathways. The RTK pathway acts to remove the transcription factor Tramtrack (Ttk) which represses the photoreceptor fate. If a cell receives an RTK signal sufficient to remove Ttk then the photoreceptor fate is specified; if not, the cone cell fate results. If Ttk is removed from a cell and its N activity is high then it is specified as an R7, but if its N activity is low then it becomes an R1/6 class photoreceptor. Thus, a remarkably simple molecular code underlies the specification of the fates: 1. Ttk degraded or not: 2. N activity high or low. In the R1/6 and cone cell precursors the molecular codes are achieved with relative simplicity but in the R7 precursor, manifold interactions occur between the RTK and N pathways, and to-date we have identified 4 distinct roles played by N in R7 fate specification. In this review we detail this molecular complexity, and describe how the RTK/N pathway crosstalk eventually leads to the simple molecular code of Tramtrack removed and N activity high. Furthermore, we describe the role played by the transcription factor Lozenge (Lz) in directing retinal precursor fates, and how the RTK/N signals specify different retinal cell types depending on the presence or absence of Lz.

Review of knee arthroscopic practice and coding at a major metropolitan centre.

PubMed

Lisik, James P; Dowsey, Michelle M; Petterwood, Joshua; Choong, Peter F M

2017-05-01

Arthroscopic knee surgery has been a topic of significant controversy in recent orthopaedic literature. Multiple studies have used administrative (Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset and Centre for Health Record Linkage) data to identify trends in practice. This study explored the usage and reporting of arthroscopic knee surgery by conducting a detailed audit at a major Victorian public hospital. A database of orthopaedic procedures at St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne was used to retrospectively identify cases of knee arthroscopy from 1 December 2011 to 1 April 2014. Procedures were categorized as diagnostic or interventional, and native and prosthetic joints were analysed separately. Procedure codes were reviewed by comparing a registrar, auditor and hospital coders for agreement. Of the 401 cases for analysis, 375 were conducted in native knees and 26 in prosthetic joints. Of native knees, 369 (98.4%) were considered interventional. The majority of these were conducted for meniscal pathology (n = 263, 70.1%), osteoarthritis (OA) (n = 25, 6.7%) and infection (n = 28, 7.6%). Comparison of codes assigned by different parties were found to be between 57% (k = 0.324) and 70% (k = 0.572) agreement, but not statistically significant. In this study, the most common indication for arthroscopy was meniscal pathology. Arthroscopy was rarely performed for OA in the absence of meniscal pathology. Diagnostic arthroscopy was rarely performed in the native knee, and fair to moderate agreement existed between parties in assigning Medicare Benefits Schedule procedure codes. © 2016 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

Single nucleotide polymorphism-specific regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by multiple miRNAs targeting the coding exon

PubMed Central

Duellman, Tyler; Warren, Christopher; Yang, Jay

2014-01-01

Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) work with exquisite specificity and are able to distinguish a target from a non-target based on a single nucleotide mismatch in the core nucleotide domain. We questioned whether miRNA regulation of gene expression could occur in a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-specific manner, manifesting as a post-transcriptional control of expression of genetic polymorphisms. In our recent study of the functional consequences of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 SNPs, we discovered that expression of a coding exon SNP in the pro-domain of the protein resulted in a profound decrease in the secreted protein. This missense SNP results in the N38S amino acid change and a loss of an N-glycosylation site. A systematic study demonstrated that the loss of secreted protein was due not to the loss of an N-glycosylation site, but rather an SNP-specific targeting by miR-671-3p and miR-657. Bioinformatics analysis identified 41 SNP-specific miRNA targeting MMP-9 SNPs, mostly in the coding exon and an extension of the analysis to chromosome 20, where the MMP-9 gene is located, suggesting that SNP-specific miRNAs targeting the coding exon are prevalent. This selective post-transcriptional regulation of a target messenger RNA harboring genetic polymorphisms by miRNAs offers an SNP-dependent post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism, allowing for polymorphic-specific differential gene regulation. PMID:24627221

[Multiple homicides--forensic and criminologic aspects].

PubMed

Padosch, Stephan A; Schmidt, Peter H; Rothschild, Markus A; Madea, Burkhard

2004-01-01

The interpretation of medicolegal findings in homicide is an important tool of case profiling (so-called "operative case analysis"). In 17 cases of "multiple homicides" involving 22 offenders (21 males, 1 female; mean age 33 years) and 45 victims (21 males, 24 females; mean age 35 years; 41 fatalities, 4 survivors), the autopsy reports and the prosecution authorities' files were retrospectively analysed with regard to individual characteristics of perpetrators and victims, circumstances, and mode of commitment in order to comprehensively characterise relevant forensic and criminologic aspects. 31 victims were found to belong to the close social environment of the perpetrator, and 32 killings were committed in the victim's, perpetrator's or the joint flat. The main motives included greed (n = 7), personal conflicts (n = 5) and concealing of a crime (n = 9). The relevant injuries were attributable to gunshot wounds (n = 13), sharp force (n = 11), blunt force (n = 3), ligature strangulation (n = 3), smothering (n = 6), fire/carbon monoxide (n = 2) and combined impacts (n = 7). In 12 victims, defense injuries were found. The blood alcohol concentration exceeded 1.5 g/l in 5 victims. In 5 offenders, a psychiatric impairment of juridical responsibility was assessed (and 20 German criminal code, n = 1, psychosis; and 21 German criminal code, n = 4; acute alcohol intoxication). As far as data were available, 16 crimes were judged as murder, 12 as manslaughter and one as physical injury with fatal outcome.

Efficient Modeling of Laser-Plasma Accelerators with INF&RNO

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benedetti, C.; Schroeder, C. B.; Esarey, E.; Geddes, C. G. R.; Leemans, W. P.

2010-11-01

The numerical modeling code INF&RNO (INtegrated Fluid & paRticle simulatioN cOde, pronounced "inferno") is presented. INF&RNO is an efficient 2D cylindrical code to model the interaction of a short laser pulse with an underdense plasma. The code is based on an envelope model for the laser while either a PIC or a fluid description can be used for the plasma. The effect of the laser pulse on the plasma is modeled with the time-averaged poderomotive force. These and other features allow for a speedup of 2-4 orders of magnitude compared to standard full PIC simulations while still retaining physical fidelity. The code has been benchmarked against analytical solutions and 3D PIC simulations and here a set of validation tests together with a discussion of the performances are presented.

78 FR 73993 - Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Importation of Bovines and Bovine Products

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-10

... column, in the 16th line from the bottom ``C[squ]N'' should read ``C[Lambda]N''. Sec. 93.418 [Corrected... ``C[Lambda]N''. 3. On the same page, in the third column, in the 1st line ``CN'' should read ``C[Lambda]N''. [FR Doc. C1-2013-28228 Filed 12-9-13; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 1505-01-D ...

Preserving privacy of online digital physiological signals using blind and reversible steganography.

PubMed

Shiu, Hung-Jr; Lin, Bor-Sing; Huang, Chien-Hung; Chiang, Pei-Ying; Lei, Chin-Laung

2017-11-01

Physiological signals such as electrocardiograms (ECG) and electromyograms (EMG) are widely used to diagnose diseases. Presently, the Internet offers numerous cloud storage services which enable digital physiological signals to be uploaded for convenient access and use. Numerous online databases of medical signals have been built. The data in them must be processed in a manner that preserves patients' confidentiality. A reversible error-correcting-coding strategy will be adopted to transform digital physiological signals into a new bit-stream that uses a matrix in which is embedded the Hamming code to pass secret messages or private information. The shared keys are the matrix and the version of the Hamming code. An online open database, the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, was used to test the proposed algorithms. The time-complexity, capacity and robustness are evaluated. Comparisons of several evaluations subject to related work are also proposed. This work proposes a reversible, low-payload steganographic scheme for preserving the privacy of physiological signals. An (n,  m)-hamming code is used to insert (n - m) secret bits into n bits of a cover signal. The number of embedded bits per modification is higher than in comparable methods, and the computational power is efficient and the scheme is secure. Unlike other Hamming-code based schemes, the proposed scheme is both reversible and blind. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Deconstructing processing speed deficits in schizophrenia: application of a parametric digit symbol coding test.

PubMed

Bachman, Peter; Reichenberg, Abraham; Rice, Patrick; Woolsey, Mary; Chaves, Olga; Martinez, David; Maples, Natalie; Velligan, Dawn I; Glahn, David C

2010-05-01

Cognitive processing inefficiency, often measured using digit symbol coding tasks, is a putative vulnerability marker for schizophrenia and a reliable indicator of illness severity and functional outcome. Indeed, performance on the digit symbol coding task may be the most severe neuropsychological deficit patients with schizophrenia display at the group level. Yet, little is known about the contributions of simpler cognitive processes to coding performance in schizophrenia (e.g. decision making, visual scanning, relational memory, motor ability). We developed an experimental behavioral task, based on a computerized digit symbol coding task, which allows the manipulation of demands placed on visual scanning efficiency and relational memory while holding decisional and motor requirements constant. Although patients (n=85) were impaired on all aspects of the task when compared to demographically matched healthy comparison subjects (n=30), they showed a particularly striking failure to benefit from the presence of predictable target information. These findings are consistent with predicted impairments in cognitive processing speed due to schizophrenia patients' well-known memory impairment, suggesting that this mnemonic deficit may have consequences for critical aspects of information processing that are traditionally considered quite separate from the memory domain. Future investigation into the mechanisms underlying the wide-ranging consequences of mnemonic deficits in schizophrenia should provide additional insight. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

ab initio MD simulations of geomaterials with ~1000 atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin, G. B.; Kirtman, B.; Spera, F. J.

2009-12-01

In the last two decades, ab initio studies of materials using Density Functional Theory (DFT) have increased exponentially in popularity. DFT codes are now used routinely to simulate properties of geomaterials--mainly silicates and geochemically important metals such as Fe. These materials are ubiquitous in the Earth’s mantle and core and in terrestrial exoplanets. Because of computational limitations, most First Principles Molecular Dynamics (FPMD) calculations are done on systems of only ~100 atoms for a few picoseconds. While this approach can be useful for calculating physical quantities related to crystal structure, vibrational frequency, and other lattice-scale properties (especially in crystals), it is statistically marginal for duplicating physical properties of the liquid state like transport and structure. In MD simulations in the NEV ensemble, temperature (T), and pressure (P) fluctuations scale as N-1/2; small particle number (N) systems are therefore characterized by greater statistical state point location uncertainty than large N systems. Previous studies have used codes such as VASP where CPU time increases with N2, making calculations with N much greater than 100 impractical. SIESTA (Soler, et al. 2002) is a DFT code that enables electronic structure and MD computations on larger systems (N~103) by making some approximations, such as localized numerical orbitals, that would be useful in modeling some properties of geomaterials. Here we test the applicability of SIESTA to simulate geosilicates, both hydrous and anhydrous, in the solid and liquid state. We have used SIESTA for lattice calculations of brucite, Mg(OH)2, that compare very well to experiment and calculations using CRYSTAL, another DFT code. Good agreement between more classical DFT calculations and SIESTA is needed to justify study of geosilicates using SIESTA across a range of pressures and temperatures relevant to the Earth’s interior. Thus, it is useful to adjust parameters in SIESTA in accordance with calculations from CRYSTAL as a check on feasibility. Results are reported here that suggest SIESTA may indeed be useful to model silicate liquids at very high T and P.

Tobacco outlet density and converted versus native non-daily cigarette use in a national US sample

PubMed Central

Kirchner, Thomas R; Anesetti-Rothermel, Andrew; Bennett, Morgane; Gao, Hong; Carlos, Heather; Scheuermann, Taneisha S; Reitzel, Lorraine R; Ahluwalia, Jasjit S

2017-01-01

Objective Investigate whether non-daily smokers’ (NDS) cigarette price and purchase preferences, recent cessation attempts, and current intentions to quit are associated with the density of the retail cigarette product landscape surrounding their residential address. Participants Cross-sectional assessment of N=904 converted NDS (CNDS). who previously smoked every day, and N=297 native NDS (NNDS) who only smoked non-daily, drawn from a national panel. Outcome measures Kernel density estimation was used to generate a nationwide probability surface of tobacco outlets linked to participants’ residential ZIP code. Hierarchically nested log-linear models were compared to evaluate associations between outlet density, non-daily use patterns, price sensitivity and quit intentions. Results Overall, NDS in ZIP codes with greater outlet density were less likely than NDS in ZIP codes with lower outlet density to hold 6-month quit intentions when they also reported that price affected use patterns (G2=66.1, p<0.001) and purchase locations (G2=85.2, p<0.001). CNDS were more likely than NNDS to reside in ZIP codes with higher outlet density (G2=322.0, p<0.001). Compared with CNDS in ZIP codes with lower outlet density, CNDS in high-density ZIP codes were more likely to report that price influenced the amount they smoke (G2=43.9, p<0.001), and were more likely to look for better prices (G2=59.3, p<0.001). NDS residing in high-density ZIP codes were not more likely to report that price affected their cigarette brand choice compared with those in ZIP codes with lower density. Conclusions This paper provides initial evidence that the point-of-sale cigarette environment may be differentially associated with the maintenance of CNDS versus NNDS patterns. Future research should investigate how tobacco control efforts can be optimised to both promote cessation and curb the rising tide of non-daily smoking in the USA. PMID:26969172

Overview and evaluation of different nuclear level density models for the 123I radionuclide production.

PubMed

Nikjou, A; Sadeghi, M

2018-06-01

The 123 I radionuclide (T 1/2 = 13.22 h, β+ = 100%) is one of the most potent gamma emitters for nuclear medicine. In this study, the cyclotron production of this radionuclide via different nuclear reactions namely, the 121 Sb(α,2n), 122 Te(d,n), 123 Te(p,n), 124 Te(p,2n), 124 Xe(p,2n), 127 I(p,5n) and 127 I(d,6n) were investigated. The effect of the various phenomenological nuclear level density models such as Fermi gas model (FGM), Back-shifted Fermi gas model (BSFGM), Generalized superfluid model (GSM) and Enhanced generalized superfluid model (EGSM) moreover, the three microscopic level density models were evaluated for predicting of cross sections and production yield predictions. The SRIM code was used to obtain the target thickness. The 123 I excitation function of reactions were calculated by using of the TALYS-1.8, EMPIRE-3.2 nuclear codes and with data which taken from TENDL-2015 database, and finally the theoretical calculations were compared with reported experimental measurements in which taken from EXFOR database. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Determination of the δ15N and δ18O of nitrate in solids; RSIL lab code 2897

USGS Publications Warehouse

Coplen, Tyler B.; Qi, Haiping; Revesz, Kinga; Casciotti, Karen; Hannon, Janet E.

2007-01-01

The purpose of the Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory (RSIL) lab code 2897 is to determine the δ15N and δ18O of nitrate (NO3-) in solids. The NO3- fraction of the nitrogen species is dissolved by water (called leaching) and can be analyzed by the bacterial method covered in RSIL lab code 2900. After leaching, the δ15N and δ18O of the dissolved NO3- is analyzed by conversion of the NO3- to nitrous oxide (N2O), which serves as the analyte for mass spectrometry. A culture of denitrifying bacteria is used in the enzymatic conversion of NO3- to N2O, which follows the pathway shown in equation 1: NO3- → NO2- → NO → 1/2 N2O (1) Because the bacteria Pseudomonas aureofaciens lack N2O reductive activity, the reaction stops at N2O, unlike the typical denitrification reaction that goes to N2. After several hours, the conversion is complete, and the N2O is extracted from the vial, separated from volatile organic vapor and water vapor by an automated -65 °C isopropanol-slush trap, a Nafion drier, a CO2 and water removal unit (Costech #021020 carbon dioxide absorbent with Mg(ClO4)2), and trapped in a small-volume trap immersed in liquid nitrogen with a modified Finnigan MAT (now Thermo Scientific) GasBench 2 introduction system. After the N2O is released, it is further purified by gas chromatography before introduction to the isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The IRMS is a Thermo Scientific Delta V Plus continuous flow IRMS (CF-IRMS). It has a universal triple collector, consisting of two wide cups with a narrow cup in the middle; it is capable of simultaneously measuring mass/charge (m/z) of the N2O molecule 44, 45, and 46. The ion beams from these m/z values are as follows: m/z = 44 = N2O = 14N14N16O; m/z = 45 = N2O = 14N15N16O or 14N14N17O; m/z = 46 = N2O = 14N14N18O. The 17O contributions to the m/z 44 and m/z 45 ion beams are accounted for before δ15N values are reported.

Experiencias y avatares en la instalación local del programa ATLAS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Merlo, D. C.; Milone, L. A.

In this paper we briefly describe the steps required for installation of AT- LAS code by Robert Kurucz. Subsequently, we summarize its implementa- tion and its comparison with our code MAPCOR, finding agreement on the structures of pressure when we look deeper layers, but some discrepancies in outer layers due to its limitations. FULL TEXT IN SPANISH

78 FR 55687 - Notice of Availability of Government-Owned Invention; Available for Licensing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-11

... Warfare Center, Crane Div, Code OOL, Bldg 2, 300 Highway 361, Crane, IN 47522-5001. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Christopher Monsey, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Div, Code OOL, Bldg 2, 300 Highway 361, Crane, IN 47522-5001, telephone 812-854-4100. (Authority: 35 U.S.C. 207, 37 CFR Part 404) N.A...

Dyslexia in Adults: Evidence for Deficits in Non-Word Reading and in the Phonological Representation of Lexical Items.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elbro, Carsten; And Others

1994-01-01

Compared to controls, adults (n=102) who reported a history of difficulties in learning to read were disabled in phonological coding, but less disabled in reading comprehension. Adults with poor phonological coding skills had basic deficits in phonological representations of spoken words, even when semantic word knowledge, phonemic awareness,…

Face Coding Is Bilateral in the Female Brain

PubMed Central

Proverbio, Alice Mado; Riva, Federica; Martin, Eleonora; Zani, Alberto

2010-01-01

Background It is currently believed that face processing predominantly activates the right hemisphere in humans, but available literature is very inconsistent. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, ERPs were recorded in 50 right-handed women and men in response to 390 faces (of different age and sex), and 130 technological objects. Results showed no sex difference in the amplitude of N170 to objects; a much larger face-specific response over the right hemisphere in men, and a bilateral response in women; a lack of face-age coding effect over the left hemisphere in men, with no differences in N170 to faces as a function of age; a significant bilateral face-age coding effect in women. Conclusions/Significance LORETA reconstruction showed a significant left and right asymmetry in the activation of the fusiform gyrus (BA19), in women and men, respectively. The present data reveal a lesser degree of lateralization of brain functions related to face coding in women than men. In this light, they may provide an explanation of the inconsistencies in the available literature concerning the asymmetric activity of left and right occipito-temporal cortices devoted to face perception during processing of face identity, structure, familiarity or affective content. PMID:20574528

Face coding is bilateral in the female brain.

PubMed

Proverbio, Alice Mado; Riva, Federica; Martin, Eleonora; Zani, Alberto

2010-06-21

It is currently believed that face processing predominantly activates the right hemisphere in humans, but available literature is very inconsistent. In this study, ERPs were recorded in 50 right-handed women and men in response to 390 faces (of different age and sex), and 130 technological objects. Results showed no sex difference in the amplitude of N170 to objects; a much larger face-specific response over the right hemisphere in men, and a bilateral response in women; a lack of face-age coding effect over the left hemisphere in men, with no differences in N170 to faces as a function of age; a significant bilateral face-age coding effect in women. LORETA reconstruction showed a significant left and right asymmetry in the activation of the fusiform gyrus (BA19), in women and men, respectively. The present data reveal a lesser degree of lateralization of brain functions related to face coding in women than men. In this light, they may provide an explanation of the inconsistencies in the available literature concerning the asymmetric activity of left and right occipito-temporal cortices devoted to face perception during processing of face identity, structure, familiarity or affective content.

Studies of Planet Formation using a Hybrid N-body + Planetesimal Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kenyon, Scott J.; Bromley, Benjamin C.; Salamon, Michael (Technical Monitor)

2005-01-01

The goal of our proposal was to use a hybrid multi-annulus planetesimal/n-body code to examine the planetesimal theory, one of the two main theories of planet formation. We developed this code to follow the evolution of numerous 1 m to 1 km planetesimals as they collide, merge, and grow into full-fledged planets. Our goal was to apply the code to several well-posed, topical problems in planet formation and to derive observational consequences of the models. We planned to construct detailed models to address two fundamental issues: 1) icy planets - models for icy planet formation will demonstrate how the physical properties of debris disks, including the Kuiper Belt in our solar system, depend on initial conditions and input physics; and 2) terrestrial planets - calculations following the evolution of 1-10 km planetesimals into Earth-mass planets and rings of dust will provide a better understanding of how terrestrial planets form and interact with their environment. During the past year, we made progress on each issue. Papers published in 2004 are summarized. Summaries of work to be completed during the first half of 2005 and work planned for the second half of 2005 are included.

Relapse and Craving in Alcohol-Dependent Individuals: A Comparison of Self-Reported Determinants.

PubMed

Snelleman, Michelle; Schoenmakers, Tim M; van de Mheen, Dike

2018-06-07

Negative affective states and alcohol-related stimuli increase risk of relapse in alcohol dependence. In research and in clinical practice, craving is often used as another important indicator of relapse, but this lacks a firm empirical foundation. The goal of the present study is to explore and compare determinants for relapse and craving, using Marlatt's (1996) taxonomy of high risk situations as a template. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 alcohol-dependent patients about their most recent relapse and craving episodes. Interview transcripts were carefully reviewed for their thematic content, and codes capturing the thematic content were formulated. In total, we formulated 42 relapse-related codes and 33 craving-related codes. Descriptions of craving episodes revealed that these episodes vary in frequency and intensity. The presence of alcohol-related stimuli (n = 11) and experiencing a negative emotional state (n = 11) were often occurring determinants of craving episodes. Both negative emotional states (n = 17) and testing personal control (n = 11) were viewed as important determinants of relapses. Craving was seldom mentioned as a determinant for relapse. Additionally, participants reported multiple determinants preceding a relapse, whereas craving episodes were preceded by only one determinant. Patient reports do not support the claim that craving by itself is an important proximal determinant for relapse. In addition, multiple determinants were present before a relapse. Therefore, future research should focus on a complexity of different determinants.

Dosimetric evaluation of nanotargeted (188)Re-liposome with the MIRDOSE3 and OLINDA/EXM programs.

PubMed

Chang, Chih-Hsien; Chang, Ya-Jen; Lee, Te-Wei; Ting, Gann; Chang, Kwo-Ping

2012-06-01

The OLINDA/EXM computer code was created as a replacement for the widely used MIRDOSE3 code for radiation dosimetry in nuclear medicine. A dosimetric analysis with these codes was performed to evaluate nanoliposomes as carriers of radionuclides ((188)Re-liposomes) in colon carcinoma-bearing mice. Pharmacokinetic data for (188)Re-N, N-bis (2-mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine ((188)Re-BMEDA) and (188)Re-liposome were obtained for estimation of absorbed doses in normal organs. Radiation dose estimates for normal tissues were calculated using the MIRDOSE3 and OLINDA/EXM programs for a colon carcinoma solid tumor mouse model. Mean absorbed doses derived from(188)Re-BMEDA and (188)Re-liposome in normal tissues were generally similar as calculated by MIRDOSE3 and OLINDA/EXM programs. One notable exception to this was red marrow, wherein MIRDOSE3 resulted in higher absorbed doses than OLINDA/EXM (1.53- and 1.60-fold for (188)Re-BMEDA and (188)Re-liposome, respectively). MIRDOSE3 and OLINDA have very similar residence times and organ doses. Bone marrow doses were estimated by designating cortical bone rather than bone marrow as a source organ. The bone marrow doses calculated by MIRDOSE3 are higher than those by OLINDA. If the bone marrow is designated as a source organ, the doses estimated by MIRDOSE3 and OLINDA programs will be very similar.

Rate-distortion optimized tree-structured compression algorithms for piecewise polynomial images.

PubMed

Shukla, Rahul; Dragotti, Pier Luigi; Do, Minh N; Vetterli, Martin

2005-03-01

This paper presents novel coding algorithms based on tree-structured segmentation, which achieve the correct asymptotic rate-distortion (R-D) behavior for a simple class of signals, known as piecewise polynomials, by using an R-D based prune and join scheme. For the one-dimensional case, our scheme is based on binary-tree segmentation of the signal. This scheme approximates the signal segments using polynomial models and utilizes an R-D optimal bit allocation strategy among the different signal segments. The scheme further encodes similar neighbors jointly to achieve the correct exponentially decaying R-D behavior (D(R) - c(o)2(-c1R)), thus improving over classic wavelet schemes. We also prove that the computational complexity of the scheme is of O(N log N). We then show the extension of this scheme to the two-dimensional case using a quadtree. This quadtree-coding scheme also achieves an exponentially decaying R-D behavior, for the polygonal image model composed of a white polygon-shaped object against a uniform black background, with low computational cost of O(N log N). Again, the key is an R-D optimized prune and join strategy. Finally, we conclude with numerical results, which show that the proposed quadtree-coding scheme outperforms JPEG2000 by about 1 dB for real images, like cameraman, at low rates of around 0.15 bpp.

40 CFR 52.1570 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... hydrocarbon emissions as a result of the revisions to N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.1. (10) Regulation entitled: “Control and Prohibition of Air Pollution by Volatile Organic Substances,” New Jersey Administrative Code (N.J... Protection. (11) Technical justification supporting N.J.A.C. 7:27-16 et seq. submitted on March 3, 1976. (12...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Blackfield, Donald T.; Poole, Brian R.

N2F is a C/C++ code used to calculate the far zone electromagnetic (EM) field, given E and H near zone field data. The method used by N2F can be found in Ref. 1 and 2. N2F determines the far field E Φ and E θ in spherical coordinates for near zone data calculated in either Cartesian or Cylindrical geometry.

Rift Valley fever virus structural and non-structural proteins: Recombinant protein expression and immunoreactivity against antisera from sheep

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) encodes structural proteins, nucleoprotein (N), N-terminus glycoprotein (Gn), C-terminus glycoprotein (Gc) and L protein, 78-kDa and non-structural proteins NSm and NSs. Using the baculovirus system we expressed the full-length coding sequence of N, NSs, NSm, Gc an...

The Near Naked Hairless (HrN) Mutation Disrupts Hair Formation but is not Due to a Mutation in the Hairless Coding Region

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Yutao; Das, Suchita; Olszewski, Robert Edward

Near naked hairless (HrN) is a semi-dominant mutation that arose spontaneously and was suggested by allelism testing to be an allele of mouse Hairless (Hr). HrN mice differ from other Hr mutants in that hair loss appears as the postnatal coat begins to emerge, as opposed to failure to initiate the first postnatal hair cycle, and that the mutation displays semi-dominant inheritance. We sequenced the Hr cDNA in HrN/HrN mice and characterized the pathological and molecular phenotypes to identify the basis for hair loss in this model. HrN/HrN mice exhibit dystrophic hairs that are unable to consistently emerge from themore » hair follicle, while HrN/+ mice display a sparse coat of hair and a milder degree of follicular dystrophy than their homozygous littermates. DNA microarray analysis of cutaneous gene expression demonstrates that numerous genes are downregulated in HrN/HrN mice, primarily genes important for hair structure. By contrast, Hr expression is significantly increased. Sequencing the Hr coding region, intron-exon boundaries, 5'- and 3'- UTR and immediate upstream region did not reveal the underlying mutation. Therefore HrN does not appear to be an allele of Hr but may result from a mutation in a closely linked gene or from a regulatory mutation in Hr.« less

Basic physical processes and reduced models for plasma detachment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stangeby, P. C.

2018-04-01

The divertor of a tokamak reactor will have to satisfy a number of critical constraints, the first of which is that the divertor targets not fail due to excessive heating or sputter-erosion. This paramount constraint of target survival defines the operating window for the principal plasma properties at the divertor target, the density n t and temperature, T t. In particular T et < 10 eV is shown to be required. Code and experimental studies show that the pressure–momentum loss by the plasma that occurs along flux tubes in the edge, between the divertor entrance and target, (i) correlates strongly with T et, and (ii) begins to increase as T et falls below 10 eV, becoming very strong by 1 eV. The transition between the high-recycling regime and the detached divertor regime has therefore been defined here to occur when T et < 10 eV. Simple analytic models are developed (i) to relate (T t, n t) to the controlling conditions ‘upstream’ e.g. at the divertor entrance, and (ii) in turn to relate (T t, n t) to other important divertor quantities including (a) the required level of radiative cooling in the divertor, and (b) the ion flux to the target in the presence of volumetric loss of particles, momentum and power in the divertor. The 2 Point Model, 2PM, is a widely used analytic model for relating (T t, n t) to the controlling upstream conditions. The 2PM is derived here for various levels of complexity regarding the effects included. Analytic models of divertor detachment provide valuable insight and useful approximations, but more complete modeling requires the use of edge codes such as EDGE2D, SOLPS, SONIC, UEDGE, etc. Edge codes have grown to become quite sophisticated and now constitute, in effect, ‘code-experiments’ that—just as for actual experiments—can benefit from interpretation in terms of simple conceptual frameworks. 2 Point Model Formatting, 2PMF, of edge code output can provide such a conceptual framework. Methods of applying 2PMF are illustrated here with some examples.

Statistical Analysis of the AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop CFD Solutions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morrison, Joseph H.; Hemsch, Michael J.

2007-01-01

The first AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop (DPW), held in June 2001, evaluated the results from an extensive N-version test of a collection of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes CFD codes. The code-to-code scatter was more than an order of magnitude larger than desired for design and experimental validation of cruise conditions for a subsonic transport configuration. The second AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop, held in June 2003, emphasized the determination of installed pylon-nacelle drag increments and grid refinement studies. The code-to-code scatter was significantly reduced compared to the first DPW, but still larger than desired. However, grid refinement studies showed no significant improvement in code-to-code scatter with increasing grid refinement. The third AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop, held in June 2006, focused on the determination of installed side-of-body fairing drag increments and grid refinement studies for clean attached flow on wing alone configurations and for separated flow on the DLR-F6 subsonic transport model. This report compares the transonic cruise prediction results of the second and third workshops using statistical analysis.

PoMiN: A Post-Minkowskian N-Body Solver

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, Justin; Baumann, Mark; Hall, Bryton; Doss, Joel; Spencer, Lucas; Matzner, Richard

2018-05-01

PoMiN is a lightweight N-body code based on the Post-Minkowskian N-body Hamiltonian of Ledvinka, Schafer, and Bicak, which includes General Relativistic effects up to first order in Newton's constant G, and all orders in the speed of light c. PoMiN is a single file written in C and uses a fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. PoMiN has also been written to handle an arbitrary number of particles (both massive and massless) with a computational complexity that scales as O(N^2).

Combined group ECC protection and subgroup parity protection

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gara, Alan; Cheng, Dong; Heidelberger, Philip

A method and system are disclosed for providing combined error code protection and subgroup parity protection for a given group of n bits. The method comprises the steps of identifying a number, m, of redundant bits for said error protection; and constructing a matrix P, wherein multiplying said given group of n bits with P produces m redundant error correction code (ECC) protection bits, and two columns of P provide parity protection for subgroups of said given group of n bits. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the matrix P is constructed by generating permutations of m bit widemore » vectors with three or more, but an odd number of, elements with value one and the other elements with value zero; and assigning said vectors to rows of the matrix P.« less

Bit Error Probability for Maximum Likelihood Decoding of Linear Block Codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, Shu; Fossorier, Marc P. C.; Rhee, Dojun

1996-01-01

In this paper, the bit error probability P(sub b) for maximum likelihood decoding of binary linear codes is investigated. The contribution of each information bit to P(sub b) is considered. For randomly generated codes, it is shown that the conventional approximation at high SNR P(sub b) is approximately equal to (d(sub H)/N)P(sub s), where P(sub s) represents the block error probability, holds for systematic encoding only. Also systematic encoding provides the minimum P(sub b) when the inverse mapping corresponding to the generator matrix of the code is used to retrieve the information sequence. The bit error performances corresponding to other generator matrix forms are also evaluated. Although derived for codes with a generator matrix randomly generated, these results are shown to provide good approximations for codes used in practice. Finally, for decoding methods which require a generator matrix with a particular structure such as trellis decoding or algebraic-based soft decision decoding, equivalent schemes that reduce the bit error probability are discussed.

Challenges in using medicaid claims to ascertain child maltreatment.

PubMed

Raghavan, Ramesh; Brown, Derek S; Allaire, Benjamin T; Garfield, Lauren D; Ross, Raven E; Hedeker, Donald

2015-05-01

Medicaid data contain International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes indicating maltreatment, yet there is a little information on how valid these codes are for the purposes of identifying maltreatment from health, as opposed to child welfare, data. This study assessed the validity of Medicaid codes in identifying maltreatment. Participants (n = 2,136) in the first National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being were linked to their Medicaid claims obtained from 36 states. Caseworker determinations of maltreatment were compared with eight sets of ICD-9-CM codes. Of the 1,921 children identified by caseworkers as being maltreated, 15.2% had any relevant ICD-9-CM code in any of their Medicaid files across 4 years of observation. Maltreated boys and those of African American race had lower odds of displaying a maltreatment code. Using only Medicaid claims to identify maltreated children creates validity problems. Medicaid data linkage with other types of administrative data is required to better identify maltreated children. © The Author(s) 2014.

A comparison of the COG and MCNP codes in computational neutron capture therapy modeling, Part I: boron neutron capture therapy models.

PubMed

Culbertson, C N; Wangerin, K; Ghandourah, E; Jevremovic, T

2005-08-01

The goal of this study was to evaluate the COG Monte Carlo radiation transport code, developed and tested by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, for neutron capture therapy related modeling. A boron neutron capture therapy model was analyzed comparing COG calculational results to results from the widely used MCNP4B (Monte Carlo N-Particle) transport code. The approach for computing neutron fluence rate and each dose component relevant in boron neutron capture therapy is described, and calculated values are shown in detail. The differences between the COG and MCNP predictions are qualified and quantified. The differences are generally small and suggest that the COG code can be applied for BNCT research related problems.

Dosimetric and microdosimetric analyses for blood exposed to reactor-derived thermal neutrons.

PubMed

Ali, F; Atanackovic, J; Boyer, C; Festarini, A; Kildea, J; Paterson, L C; Rogge, R; Stuart, M; Richardson, R B

2018-06-06

Thermal neutrons are found in reactor, radiotherapy, aircraft, and space environments. The purpose of this study was to characterise the dosimetry and microdosimetry of thermal neutron exposures, using three simulation codes, as a precursor to quantitative radiobiological studies using blood samples. An irradiation line was designed employing a pyrolytic graphite crystal or-alternatively-a super mirror to expose blood samples to thermal neutrons from the National Research Universal reactor to determine radiobiological parameters. The crystal was used when assessing the relative biological effectiveness for dicentric chromosome aberrations, and other biomarkers, in lymphocytes over a low absorbed dose range of 1.2-14 mGy. Higher exposures using a super mirror will allow the additional quantification of mitochondrial responses. The physical size of the thermal neutron fields and their respective wavelength distribution was determined using the McStas Monte Carlo code. Spinning the blood samples produced a spatially uniform absorbed dose as determined from Monte Carlo N-Particle version 6 simulations. The major part (71%) of the total absorbed dose to blood was determined to be from the 14 N(n,p) 14 C reaction and the remainder from the 1 H(n,γ) 2 H reaction. Previous radiobiological experiments at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories involving thermal neutron irradiation of blood yielded a relative biological effectiveness of 26 ± 7. Using the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System, a similar value of ∼19 for the quality factor of thermal neutrons initiating the 14 N(n,p) 14 C reaction in soft tissue was determined by microdosimetric simulations. This calculated quality factor is of similar high value to the experimentally-derived relative biological effectiveness, and indicates the potential of thermal neutrons to induce deleterious health effects in superficial organs such as cataracts of the eye lens.

Structural and functional studies of a family of Dictyostelium discoideum developmentally regulated, prestalk genes coding for small proteins.

PubMed

Vicente, Juan J; Galardi-Castilla, María; Escalante, Ricardo; Sastre, Leandro

2008-01-03

The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum executes a multicellular development program upon starvation. This morphogenetic process requires the differential regulation of a large number of genes and is coordinated by extracellular signals. The MADS-box transcription factor SrfA is required for several stages of development, including slug migration and spore terminal differentiation. Subtractive hybridization allowed the isolation of a gene, sigN (SrfA-induced gene N), that was dependent on the transcription factor SrfA for expression at the slug stage of development. Homology searches detected the existence of a large family of sigN-related genes in the Dictyostelium discoideum genome. The 13 most similar genes are grouped in two regions of chromosome 2 and have been named Group1 and Group2 sigN genes. The putative encoded proteins are 87-89 amino acids long. All these genes have a similar structure, composed of a first exon containing a 13 nucleotides long open reading frame and a second exon comprising the remaining of the putative coding region. The expression of these genes is induced at10 hours of development. Analyses of their promoter regions indicate that these genes are expressed in the prestalk region of developing structures. The addition of antibodies raised against SigN Group 2 proteins induced disintegration of multi-cellular structures at the mound stage of development. A large family of genes coding for small proteins has been identified in D. discoideum. Two groups of very similar genes from this family have been shown to be specifically expressed in prestalk cells during development. Functional studies using antibodies raised against Group 2 SigN proteins indicate that these genes could play a role during multicellular development.

Pigeons may not use dual coding in the radial maze analog task.

PubMed

DiGian, Kelly A; Zentall, Thomas R

2007-07-01

Using a radial maze analog task, T. R. Zentall, J. N. Steirn, and P. Jackson-Smith (1990) found evidence that when a delay was interpolated early in a trial, pigeons coded locations retrospectively, but when the delay was interpolated late in the trial, they coded locations prospectively (support for a dual coding hypothesis). In Experiment 1 of the present study, the authors replicated the original finding of dual coding. In Experiments 2 and 3, they used a 2-alternative test procedure that does not require the assumption that pigeons' choice criterion, which changes over the course of the trial, is the same on delay and control trials. Under these conditions, the pigeons no longer showed evidence for dual coding. Instead, there was some evidence that they showed prospective coding, but a more parsimonious account of the results may be that the delay produced a relatively constant decrement in performance at all points of delay interpolation. The original finding of dual coding by Zentall et al. might have been biased by more impulsive choices early in control trials but not in delay trials and by a more stringent choice criterion late in delay trials. ((c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).

Efficient preparation of large-block-code ancilla states for fault-tolerant quantum computation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Yi-Cong; Lai, Ching-Yi; Brun, Todd A.

2018-03-01

Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) schemes that use multiqubit large block codes can potentially reduce the resource overhead to a great extent. A major obstacle is the requirement for a large number of clean ancilla states of different types without correlated errors inside each block. These ancilla states are usually logical stabilizer states of the data-code blocks, which are generally difficult to prepare if the code size is large. Previously, we have proposed an ancilla distillation protocol for Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes by classical error-correcting codes. It was assumed that the quantum gates in the distillation circuit were perfect; however, in reality, noisy quantum gates may introduce correlated errors that are not treatable by the protocol. In this paper, we show that additional postselection by another classical error-detecting code can be applied to remove almost all correlated errors. Consequently, the revised protocol is fully fault tolerant and capable of preparing a large set of stabilizer states sufficient for FTQC using large block codes. At the same time, the yield rate can be boosted from O (t-2) to O (1 ) in practice for an [[n ,k ,d =2 t +1

Energy dynamics and current sheet structure in fluid and kinetic simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Makwana, K. D., E-mail: kirit.makwana@gmx.com; Cattaneo, F.; Zhdankin, V.

Simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are performed with a fluid and a kinetic code. The initial condition is an ensemble of long-wavelength, counter-propagating, shear-Alfvén waves, which interact and rapidly generate strong MHD turbulence. The total energy is conserved and the rate of turbulent energy decay is very similar in both codes, although the fluid code has numerical dissipation, whereas the kinetic code has kinetic dissipation. The inertial range power spectrum index is similar in both the codes. The fluid code shows a perpendicular wavenumber spectral slope of k{sub ⊥}{sup −1.3}. The kinetic code shows a spectral slope of k{submore » ⊥}{sup −1.5} for smaller simulation domain, and k{sub ⊥}{sup −1.3} for larger domain. We estimate that collisionless damping mechanisms in the kinetic code can account for the dissipation of the observed nonlinear energy cascade. Current sheets are geometrically characterized. Their lengths and widths are in good agreement between the two codes. The length scales linearly with the driving scale of the turbulence. In the fluid code, their thickness is determined by the grid resolution as there is no explicit diffusivity. In the kinetic code, their thickness is very close to the skin-depth, irrespective of the grid resolution. This work shows that kinetic codes can reproduce the MHD inertial range dynamics at large scales, while at the same time capturing important kinetic physics at small scales.« less

Exploring experiences of cancer care in Wales: a thematic analysis of free-text responses to the 2013 Wales Cancer Patient Experience Survey (WCPES).

PubMed

Bracher, Michael; Corner, Dame Jessica; Wagland, Richard

2016-09-02

To provide the first systematic analysis of a national (Wales) sample of free-text comments from patients with cancer, to determine emerging themes and insights regarding experiences of cancer care in Wales. Thematic analysis of free-text data from a population-based survey. Adult patients with a confirmed cancer diagnosis treated within a 3-month period during 2012 in the 7 health boards and 1 trust providing cancer care in Wales. Free-text categorised by theme, coded as positive or negative, with ratios. Overarching themes are identified incorporating comment categories. 4672 respondents (of n=7352 survey respondents) provided free-text comments. Data were coded using a multistage approach: (1) coding of comments into general categories (eg, nursing, surgery, etc), (2) coding of subcategories within main categories (eg, nursing care, nursing communication, etc), (3) cross-sectional analysis to identify themes cutting across categories, (4) mapping of categories/subcategories to corresponding closed questions in the Wales Cancer Patient Experience Survey (WCPES) data for comparison. Most free-text respondents (82%, n 3818) provided positive comments about their cancer care, with 49% (n=2313) giving a negative comment (ratio 0.6:1, negative-to-positive). 3172 respondents (67.9% of free-text respondents) provided a comment mapping to 1 of 4 overarching themes: communication (n=1673, 35.8% free-text respondents, a ratio of 1.0:1); waiting during the treatment and/or post-treatment phase (n=923, 19.8%, ratio 1.5:1); staffing and resource levels (n=671, 14.4% ratio 5.3:1); speed and quality of diagnostic care (n=374, 8.0%, ratio 1.5:1). Within these areas, constituent subthemes are discussed. This study presents specific areas of concern for patients with cancer, and reveals a number of themes present across the cancer journey. While the majority of comments were positive, analysis reveals concerns shared by significant numbers of respondents. Timely communication can help to manage these anxieties, even where delays or difficulties in treatment may be encountered. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

Dynamic ELM and divertor control using resonant toroidal multi-mode magnetic fields in DIII-D and EAST

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Youwen

2017-10-01

A rotating n = 2 Resonant Magnetic Perturbation (RMP) field combined with a stationary n = 3 RMP field has validated predictions that access to ELM suppression can be improved, while divertor heat and particle flux can also be dynamically controlled in DIII-D. Recent observations in the EAST tokamak indicate that edge magnetic topology changes, due to nonlinear plasma response to magnetic perturbations, play a critical role in accessing ELM suppression. MARS-F code MHD simulations, which include the plasma response to the RMP, indicate the nonlinear transition to ELM suppression is optimized by configuring the RMP coils to drive maximal edge stochasticity. Consequently, mixed toroidal multi-mode RMP fields, which produce more densely packed islands over a range of additional rational surfaces, improve access to ELM suppression, and further spread heat loading on the divertor. Beneficial effects of this multi-harmonic spectrum on ELM suppression have been validated in DIII-D. Here, the threshold current required for ELM suppression with a mixed n spectrum, where part of the n = 3 RMP field is replaced by an n = 2 field, is smaller than the case with pure n = 3 field. An important further benefit of this multi-mode approach is that significant changes of 3D particle flux footprint profiles on the divertor are found in the experiment during the application of a rotating n = 2 RMP field superimposed on a static n = 3 RMP field. This result was predicted by modeling studies of the edge magnetic field structure using the TOP2D code which takes into account plasma response from MARS-F code. These results expand physics understanding and potential effectiveness of the technique for reliably controlling ELMs and divertor power/particle loading distributions in future burning plasma devices such as ITER. Work supported by USDOE under DE-FC02-04ER54698 and NNSF of China under 11475224.

Performance and limitations of administrative data in the identification of AKI.

PubMed

Grams, Morgan E; Waikar, Sushrut S; MacMahon, Blaithin; Whelton, Seamus; Ballew, Shoshana H; Coresh, Josef

2014-04-01

Billing codes are frequently used to identify AKI events in epidemiologic research. The goals of this study were to validate billing code-identified AKI against the current AKI consensus definition and to ascertain whether sensitivity and specificity vary by patient characteristic or over time. The study population included 10,056 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants hospitalized between 1996 and 2008. Billing code-identified AKI was compared with the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) creatinine-based criteria (AKIcr) and an approximation of the 2012 KDIGO creatinine- and urine output-based criteria (AKIcr_uop) in a subset with available outpatient data. Sensitivity and specificity of billing code-identified AKI were evaluated over time and according to patient age, race, sex, diabetes status, and CKD status in 546 charts selected for review, with estimates adjusted for sampling technique. A total of 34,179 hospitalizations were identified; 1353 had a billing code for AKI. The sensitivity of billing code-identified AKI was 17.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 13.2% to 21.2%) compared with AKIcr (n=1970 hospitalizations) and 11.7% (95% CI, 8.8% to 14.5%) compared with AKIcr_uop (n=1839 hospitalizations). Specificity was >98% in both cases. Sensitivity was significantly higher in the more recent time period (2002-2008) and among participants aged 65 years and older. Billing code-identified AKI captured a more severe spectrum of disease than did AKIcr and AKIcr_uop, with a larger proportion of patients with stage 3 AKI (34.9%, 19.7%, and 11.5%, respectively) and higher in-hospital mortality (41.2%, 18.7%, and 12.8%, respectively). The use of billing codes to identify AKI has low sensitivity compared with the current KDIGO consensus definition, especially when the urine output criterion is included, and results in the identification of a more severe phenotype. Epidemiologic studies using billing codes may benefit from a high specificity, but the variation in sensitivity may result in bias, particularly when trends over time are the outcome of interest.

Validity of the International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code for hyperkalaemia in elderly patients at presentation to an emergency department and at hospital admission

PubMed Central

Fleet, Jamie L; Shariff, Salimah Z; Gandhi, Sonja; Weir, Matthew A; Jain, Arsh K; Garg, Amit X

2012-01-01

Objectives Evaluate the validity of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) code for hyperkalaemia (E87.5) in two settings: at presentation to an emergency department and at hospital admission. Design Population-based validation study. Setting 12 hospitals in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, from 2003 to 2010. Participants Elderly patients with serum potassium values at presentation to an emergency department (n=64 579) and at hospital admission (n=64 497). Primary outcome Sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value and negative-predictive value. Serum potassium values in patients with and without a hyperkalaemia code (code positive and code negative, respectively). Results The sensitivity of the best-performing ICD-10 coding algorithm for hyperkalaemia (defined by serum potassium >5.5 mmol/l) was 14.1% (95% CI 12.5% to 15.9%) at presentation to an emergency department and 14.6% (95% CI 13.3% to 16.1%) at hospital admission. Both specificities were greater than 99%. In the two settings, the positive-predictive values were 83.2% (95% CI 78.4% to 87.1%) and 62.0% (95% CI 57.9% to 66.0%), while the negative-predictive values were 97.8% (95% CI 97.6% to 97.9%) and 96.9% (95% CI 96.8% to 97.1%). In patients who were code positive for hyperkalaemia, median (IQR) serum potassium values were 6.1 (5.7 to 6.8) mmol/l at presentation to an emergency department and 6.0 (5.1 to 6.7) mmol/l at hospital admission. For code-negative patients median (IQR) serum potassium values were 4.0 (3.7 to 4.4) mmol/l and 4.1 (3.8 to 4.5) mmol/l in each of the two settings, respectively. Conclusions Patients with hospital encounters who were ICD-10 E87.5 hyperkalaemia code positive and negative had distinct higher and lower serum potassium values, respectively. However, due to very low sensitivity, the incidence of hyperkalaemia is underestimated. PMID:23274674

Redefining Projections of Disease and Nonbattle Injury Patient Condition Code Distributions with Casualty Data from Operation

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-30

encephalitis uncomplicated 0.16% 0.30% 264 Meningo-encephalitis complicated 0.07% 0.13% 282 Infectious mononucleosis all cases 0.03% 0.06% 283...cardiovascular, sexually transmitted diseases, genitourinary (female), infectious /parasitic, neuropsychiatric, and miscellaneous. Although considerable...Phases of Operation Iraqi Freedom Major Post OIF-II Total ICD-9 Category n (%) Std Residual n (%) Std Residual n (%) Std Residual n (%) Infectious

Consolidated List of Debarred, Suspended, and Ineligible Contractors as of April 10, 1985.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

Administration code 202, but Fdral officials calling lon distance Juan L . Smith should use the FTS (Federal "blecommunications 523-4873 Sterr) or AUTVN (Automatic...Washington, DC 20405 Belle N. Davis (Codes A and B) Attention: Mrs. Juan L . Smith 475-8025 FTS/(202) 523-4873 3 r, % .1 𔄀 ’ % Cause and Treatment Codes...for violation of1961, the I is effctve win 0O; It Imposed the Buy American Act (41 U.S.C. 10b(b)) 4 -k % =",W""-- l m. .°6 ."._. ’ t. ,+... W LML

In-network Coding for Resilient Sensor Data Storage and Efficient Data Mule Collection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albano, Michele; Gao, Jie

In a sensor network of n nodes in which k of them have sensed interesting data, we perform in-network erasure coding such that each node stores a linear combination of all the network data with random coefficients. This scheme greatly improves data resilience to node failures: as long as there are k nodes that survive an attack, all the data produced in the sensor network can be recovered with high probability. The in-network coding storage scheme also improves data collection rate by mobile mules and allows for easy scheduling of data mules.

COSAL: A black-box compressible stability analysis code for transition prediction in three-dimensional boundary layers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malik, M. R.

1982-01-01

A fast computer code COSAL for transition prediction in three dimensional boundary layers using compressible stability analysis is described. The compressible stability eigenvalue problem is solved using a finite difference method, and the code is a black box in the sense that no guess of the eigenvalue is required from the user. Several optimization procedures were incorporated into COSAL to calculate integrated growth rates (N factor) for transition correlation for swept and tapered laminar flow control wings using the well known e to the Nth power method. A user's guide to the program is provided.

A decoding procedure for the Reed-Solomon codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lim, R. S.

1978-01-01

A decoding procedure is described for the (n,k) t-error-correcting Reed-Solomon (RS) code, and an implementation of the (31,15) RS code for the I4-TENEX central system. This code can be used for error correction in large archival memory systems. The principal features of the decoder are a Galois field arithmetic unit implemented by microprogramming a microprocessor, and syndrome calculation by using the g(x) encoding shift register. Complete decoding of the (31,15) code is expected to take less than 500 microsecs. The syndrome calculation is performed by hardware using the encoding shift register and a modified Chien search. The error location polynomial is computed by using Lin's table, which is an interpretation of Berlekamp's iterative algorithm. The error location numbers are calculated by using the Chien search. Finally, the error values are computed by using Forney's method.

Efficient Modeling of Laser-Plasma Accelerators with INF and RNO

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benedetti, C.; Schroeder, C. B.; Esarey, E.

2010-11-04

The numerical modeling code INF and RNO (INtegrated Fluid and paRticle simulatioN cOde, pronounced 'inferno') is presented. INF and RNO is an efficient 2D cylindrical code to model the interaction of a short laser pulse with an underdense plasma. The code is based on an envelope model for the laser while either a PIC or a fluid description can be used for the plasma. The effect of the laser pulse on the plasma is modeled with the time-averaged poderomotive force. These and other features allow for a speedup of 2-4 orders of magnitude compared to standard full PIC simulations whilemore » still retaining physical fidelity. The code has been benchmarked against analytical solutions and 3D PIC simulations and here a set of validation tests together with a discussion of the performances are presented.« less

Dynamic divertor control using resonant mixed toroidal harmonic magnetic fields during ELM suppression in DIII-D

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jia, M.; Sun, Y.; Paz-Soldan, C.; Nazikian, R.; Gu, S.; Liu, Y. Q.; Abrams, T.; Bykov, I.; Cui, L.; Evans, T.; Garofalo, A.; Guo, W.; Gong, X.; Lasnier, C.; Logan, N. C.; Makowski, M.; Orlov, D.; Wang, H. H.

2018-05-01

Experiments using Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs), with a rotating n = 2 toroidal harmonic combined with a stationary n = 3 toroidal harmonic, have validated predictions that divertor heat and particle flux can be dynamically controlled while maintaining Edge Localized Mode (ELM) suppression in the DIII-D tokamak. Here, n is the toroidal mode number. ELM suppression over one full cycle of a rotating n = 2 RMP that was mixed with a static n = 3 RMP field has been achieved. Prominent heat flux splitting on the outer divertor has been observed during ELM suppression by RMPs in low collisionality regime in DIII-D. Strong changes in the three dimensional heat and particle flux footprint in the divertor were observed during the application of the mixed toroidal harmonic magnetic perturbations. These results agree well with modeling of the edge magnetic field structure using the TOP2D code, which takes into account the plasma response from the MARS-F code. These results expand the potential effectiveness of the RMP ELM suppression technique for the simultaneous control of divertor heat and particle load required in ITER.

Rotational Shear Effects on Edge Harmonic Oscillations in DIII-D Quiescent H-mode Discharges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Xi; Burrell, K. H.; Ferraro, N. M.; Osborne, T. H.; Austin, M. E.; Garofalo, A. M.; Groebner, R. J.; Kramer, G. J.; Luhmann, N. C., Jr.; McKee, G. R.; Muscatello, C. M.; Nazikian, R.; Ren, X.; Snyder, P. B.; Solomon, Wm.; Tobias, B. J.; Yan, Z.

2015-11-01

In quiescent H-mode (QH) regime, the edge harmonic oscillations (EHO) play an important role in avoiding the transient ELM power fluxes by providing benign and continuous edge particle transport. A detailed theoretical, experimental and modeling comparison has been made of low-n (n <= 5) EHO in DIII-D QH-mode plasmas. The calculated linear eigenmode structure from the extended MHD code M3D-C1 matches closely the coherent EHO properties from external magnetics data and internal measurements using the ECE, BES, ECE-I and MIR diagnostics, as well as the kink/peeling mode properties of the ideal MHD code ELITE. The numerical investigations indicate that the low-n EHO-like solutions from M3D-C1 are destabilized by the toroidal rotational shear while high-n modes are stabilized. This effect is independent of the rotation direction, suggesting that the low-n EHO can be destabilized in principle with rotation in both directions. These modeling results are consistent with experimental observations of the EHO and support the proposed theory of the EHO as a rotational shear driven kink/peeling mode.

Applications of symbolic computation in fracture mechanics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tan, Hui-Qian

1995-01-01

A FORTRAN program for calculating the stresses of n cracks embedded in an isotropic plate is presented. Formulas are given for calculating the stresses of one crack, two cracks, and n cracks in an isotropic plate. Then the program code that accomplishes this is provided.

Effects of verbal and nonverbal interference on spatial and object visual working memory.

PubMed

Postle, Bradley R; Desposito, Mark; Corkin, Suzanne

2005-03-01

We tested the hypothesis that a verbal coding mechanism is necessarily engaged by object, but not spatial, visual working memory tasks. We employed a dual-task procedure that paired n-back working memory tasks with domain-specific distractor trials inserted into each interstimulus interval of the n-back tasks. In two experiments, object n-back performance demonstrated greater sensitivity to verbal distraction, whereas spatial n-back performance demonstrated greater sensitivity to motion distraction. Visual object and spatial working memory may differ fundamentally in that the mnemonic representation of featural characteristics of objects incorporates a verbal (perhaps semantic) code, whereas the mnemonic representation of the location of objects does not. Thus, the processes supporting working memory for these two types of information may differ in more ways than those dictated by the "what/where" organization of the visual system, a fact more easily reconciled with a component process than a memory systems account of working memory function.

Automatic Parallelization of Numerical Python Applications using the Global Arrays Toolkit

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Daily, Jeffrey A.; Lewis, Robert R.

2011-11-30

Global Arrays is a software system from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory that enables an efficient, portable, and parallel shared-memory programming interface to manipulate distributed dense arrays. The NumPy module is the de facto standard for numerical calculation in the Python programming language, a language whose use is growing rapidly in the scientific and engineering communities. NumPy provides a powerful N-dimensional array class as well as other scientific computing capabilities. However, like the majority of the core Python modules, NumPy is inherently serial. Using a combination of Global Arrays and NumPy, we have reimplemented NumPy as a distributed drop-in replacement calledmore » Global Arrays in NumPy (GAiN). Serial NumPy applications can become parallel, scalable GAiN applications with only minor source code changes. Scalability studies of several different GAiN applications will be presented showing the utility of developing serial NumPy codes which can later run on more capable clusters or supercomputers.« less

Piezo-Phototronic Effect Controlled Dual-Channel Visible light Communication (PVLC) Using InGaN/GaN Multiquantum Well Nanopillars.

PubMed

Du, Chunhua; Jiang, Chunyan; Zuo, Peng; Huang, Xin; Pu, Xiong; Zhao, Zhenfu; Zhou, Yongli; Li, Linxuan; Chen, Hong; Hu, Weiguo; Wang, Zhong Lin

2015-12-02

Visible light communication (VLC) simultaneously provides illumination and communication via light emitting diodes (LEDs). Keeping a low bit error rate is essential to communication quality, and holding a stable brightness level is pivotal for illumination function. For the first time, a piezo-phototronic effect controlled visible light communication (PVLC) system based on InGaN/GaN multiquantum wells nanopillars is demonstrated, in which the information is coded by mechanical straining. This approach of force coding is also instrumental to avoid LED blinks, which has less impact on illumination and is much safer to eyes than electrical on/off VLC. The two-channel transmission mode of the system here shows great superiority in error self-validation and error self-elimination in comparison to VLC. This two-channel PVLC system provides a suitable way to carry out noncontact, reliable communication under complex circumstances. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Effects of verbal and nonverbal interference on spatial and object visual working memory

PubMed Central

POSTLE, BRADLEY R.; D’ESPOSITO, MARK; CORKIN, SUZANNE

2005-01-01

We tested the hypothesis that a verbal coding mechanism is necessarily engaged by object, but not spatial, visual working memory tasks. We employed a dual-task procedure that paired n-back working memory tasks with domain-specific distractor trials inserted into each interstimulus interval of the n-back tasks. In two experiments, object n-back performance demonstrated greater sensitivity to verbal distraction, whereas spatial n-back performance demonstrated greater sensitivity to motion distraction. Visual object and spatial working memory may differ fundamentally in that the mnemonic representation of featural characteristics of objects incorporates a verbal (perhaps semantic) code, whereas the mnemonic representation of the location of objects does not. Thus, the processes supporting working memory for these two types of information may differ in more ways than those dictated by the “what/where” organization of the visual system, a fact more easily reconciled with a component process than a memory systems account of working memory function. PMID:16028575

Observed Macro- and Micro-Level Parenting Behaviors During Preadolescent Family Interactions as Predictors of Adjustment in Emerging Adults With and Without Spina Bifida

PubMed Central

Amaro, Christina M.; Devine, Katie A.; Psihogios, Alexandra M.; Murphy, Lexa K.; Holmbeck, Grayson N.

2015-01-01

Objective To examine observed autonomy-promoting and -inhibiting parenting behaviors during preadolescence as predictors of adjustment outcomes in emerging adults with and without spina bifida (SB). Methods Demographic and videotaped interaction data were collected from families with 8/9-year-old children with SB (n = 68) and a matched group of typically developing youth (n = 68). Observed interaction data were coded with macro- and micro-coding schemes. Measures of emerging adulthood adjustment were collected 10 years later (ages 18/19 years; n = 50 and n = 60 for SB and comparison groups, respectively). Results Autonomy-promoting (behavioral control, autonomy-relatedness) and -inhibiting (psychological control) observed preadolescent parenting behaviors prospectively predicted emerging adulthood adjustment, particularly within educational, social, and emotional domains. Interestingly, high parent undermining of relatedness predicted better educational and social adjustment in the SB sample. Conclusions Parenting behaviors related to autonomy have long-term consequences for adjustment in emerging adults with and without SB. PMID:24864277

Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal and Newletter, Volume 14 No. 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-03-01

code validation, performance analysis, and input/output standardization; code or technique optimization and error minimization; innovations in...SOUTH AFRICA Alamo, CA, 94507-0516 USA Washington, DC 20330 USA MANAGING EDITOR Kueichien C. Hill Krishna Naishadham Richard W. Adler Wright Laboratory...INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERS ALLGON DERA Nasvagen 17 Common Road, Funtington INNOVATIVE DYNAMICS Akersberga, SWEDEN S-18425 Chichester, P018 9PD UK 2560 N. Triphammer

IUTAM Symposium on Statistical Energy Analysis, 8-11 July 1997, Programme

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-01-01

distribution is unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum200 words) This was the first international scientific gathering devoted...energy flow, continuum dynamics, vibrational energy, statistical energy analysis (SEA) 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 16. PRICE CODE INSECURITY... correlation v=V(ɘ ’• • determination of the correlation n^, =11^, (<?). When harmonic motion and time-average are considered, the following I

High-dimensional free-space optical communications based on orbital angular momentum coding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zou, Li; Gu, Xiaofan; Wang, Le

2018-03-01

In this paper, we propose a high-dimensional free-space optical communication scheme using orbital angular momentum (OAM) coding. In the scheme, the transmitter encodes N-bits information by using a spatial light modulator to convert a Gaussian beam to a superposition mode of N OAM modes and a Gaussian mode; The receiver decodes the information through an OAM mode analyser which consists of a MZ interferometer with a rotating Dove prism, a photoelectric detector and a computer carrying out the fast Fourier transform. The scheme could realize a high-dimensional free-space optical communication, and decodes the information much fast and accurately. We have verified the feasibility of the scheme by exploiting 8 (4) OAM modes and a Gaussian mode to implement a 256-ary (16-ary) coding free-space optical communication to transmit a 256-gray-scale (16-gray-scale) picture. The results show that a zero bit error rate performance has been achieved.

Reference results for time-like evolution up to

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bertone, Valerio; Carrazza, Stefano; Nocera, Emanuele R.

2015-03-01

We present high-precision numerical results for time-like Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi evolution in the factorisation scheme, for the first time up to next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy in quantum chromodynamics. First, we scrutinise the analytical expressions of the splitting functions available in the literature, in both x and N space, and check their mutual consistency. Second, we implement time-like evolution in two publicly available, entirely independent and conceptually different numerical codes, in x and N space respectively: the already existing APFEL code, which has been updated with time-like evolution, and the new MELA code, which has been specifically developed to perform the study in this work. Third, by means of a model for fragmentation functions, we provide results for the evolution in different factorisation schemes, for different ratios between renormalisation and factorisation scales and at different final scales. Our results are collected in the format of benchmark tables, which could be used as a reference for global determinations of fragmentation functions in the future.

Self-Regulation of Beer Advertising: A Comparative Analysis of Perceived Violations by Adolescents and Experts.

PubMed

Vendrame, Alan; Silva, Rebeca; Xuan, Ziming; Sparks, Robert; Noel, Jonathan; Pinsky, Ilana

2015-09-01

We assessed the impact of the 2010 revisions to Brazil's self-regulatory alcohol marketing code using expert and adolescent raters. Five popular TV beer ads were selected. Ads were rated based on the 2010 Brazilian self-regulatory marketing code. The expert group (N = 31) represented health-related professions; the adolescent group (N = 110) were public high school students. At least 1 ad violated 11 of 17 guidelines included in the study. Ratings by experts and adolescents were similar. Both found violations in all sections of the self-regulatory code, but significant group differences were seen in applying the section that prohibits the promotion of excessive alcohol consumption, with experts identifying more violations than adolescents. Beer ads in the sample systematically violated the self-regulatory standards for alcohol advertising in Brazil according to both experts and youth. Public policies for more effective restrictions and prohibitions in alcohol ads should be considered. © The Author 2015. Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Numerical optimization of three-dimensional coils for NSTX-U

DOE PAGES

Lazerson, S. A.; Park, J. -K.; Logan, N.; ...

2015-09-03

A tool for the calculation of optimal three-dimensional (3D) perturbative magnetic fields in tokamaks has been developed. The IPECOPT code builds upon the stellarator optimization code STELLOPT to allow for optimization of linear ideal magnetohydrodynamic perturbed equilibrium (IPEC). This tool has been applied to NSTX-U equilibria, addressing which fields are the most effective at driving NTV torques. The NTV torque calculation is performed by the PENT code. Optimization of the normal field spectrum shows that fields with n = 1 character can drive a large core torque. It is also shown that fields with n = 3 features are capablemore » of driving edge torque and some core torque. Coil current optimization (using the planned in-vessel and existing RWM coils) on NSTX-U suggest the planned coils set is adequate for core and edge torque control. In conclusion, comparison between error field correction experiments on DIII-D and the optimizer show good agreement.« less

Cove benchmark calculations using SAGUARO and FEMTRAN

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Eaton, R.R.; Martinez, M.J.

1986-10-01

Three small-scale, time-dependent, benchmarking calculations have been made using the finite element codes SAGUARO, to determine hydraulic head and water velocity profiles, and FEMTRAN, to predict the solute transport. Sand and hard rock porous materials were used. Time scales for the problems, which ranged from tens of hours to thousands of years, have posed no particular diffculty for the two codes. Studies have been performed to determine the effects of computational mesh, boundary conditions, velocity formulation and SAGUARO/FEMTRAN code-coupling on water and solute transport. Results showed that mesh refinement improved mass conservation. Varying the drain-tile size in COVE 1N hadmore » a weak effect on the rate at which the tile field drained. Excellent agreement with published COVE 1N data was obtained for the hydrological field and reasonable agreement for the solute-concentration predictions. The question remains whether these types of calculations can be carried out on repository-scale problems using material characteristic curves representing tuff with fractures.« less

right-sized dimple evaluator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rodriguez, Sal

2017-08-24

The code (aka computer program written as a Matlab script) uses a unique set of n independent equations to solve for n turbulence variables. The code requires the input of a characteristic dimension, a characteristic fluid velocity, the fluid dynamic viscosity, and the fluid density. Most importantly, the code estimates the size of three key turbulent eddies: Kolmogorov, Taylor, and integral. Based on the eddy sizes, dimples dimensions are prescribed such that the key eddies (principally Taylor, and sometimes Kolmogorov), can be generated by the dimple rim and flow unimpeded through the dimple’s concave cavity. It is hypothesized that turbulentmore » eddies are generated by the dimple rim at the dimple-surface interface. The newly-generated eddies in turn entrain the movement of surrounding regions of fluid, creating more mixing. The eddies also generate lift near the wall surrounding the dimple, as they accelerate and reduce pressure in the regions near and at the dimple cavity, thereby minimizing the fluid drag.« less

SUGGEL: A Program Suggesting the Orbital Angular Momentum of a Neutron Resonance from the Magnitude of its Neutron Width

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oh, S.Y.

2001-02-02

The SUGGEL computer code has been developed to suggest a value for the orbital angular momentum of a neutron resonance that is consistent with the magnitude of its neutron width. The suggestion is based on the probability that a resonance having a certain value of g{Gamma}{sub n} is an l-wave resonance. The probability is calculated by using Bayes' theorem on the conditional probability. The probability density functions (pdf's) of g{Gamma}{sub n} for up to d-wave (l=2) have been derived from the {chi}{sup 2} distribution of Porter and Thomas. The pdf's take two possible channel spins into account. This code ismore » a tool which evaluators will use to construct resonance parameters and help to assign resonance spin. The use of this tool is expected to reduce time and effort in the evaluation procedure, since the number of repeated runs of the fitting code (e.g., SAMMY) may be reduced.« less

Avionic Data Bus Integration Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

address the hardware-software interaction between a digital data bus and an avionic system. Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) ICs and multiversion ...the SCP. In 1984, the Sperry Corporation developed a fault tolerant system which employed multiversion programming, voting, and monitoring for error... MULTIVERSION PROGRAMMING. N-version programming. 226 N-VERSION PROGRAMMING. The independent coding of a number, N, of redundant computer programs that

75 FR 57659 - Airworthiness Directives Eurocopter France (ECF) Model SA-365N1, AS-365N2, AS 365 N3, EC 155B...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-22

... aviation authority of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). The MCAI AD reports the separation and...: DOT/FAA Southwest Region, Gary Roach, ASW-111, Aviation Safety Engineer, Rotorcraft Directorate... Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety...

Spike train generation and current-to-frequency conversion in silicon diodes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coon, D. D.; Perera, A. G. U.

1989-01-01

A device physics model is developed to analyze spontaneous neuron-like spike train generation in current driven silicon p(+)-n-n(+) devices in cryogenic environments. The model is shown to explain the very high dynamic range (0 to the 7th) current-to-frequency conversion and experimental features of the spike train frequency as a function of input current. The devices are interesting components for implementation of parallel asynchronous processing adjacent to cryogenically cooled focal planes because of their extremely low current and power requirements, their electronic simplicity, and their pulse coding capability, and could be used to form the hardware basis for neural networks which employ biologically plausible means of information coding.

Transcriptome interrogation of human myometrium identifies differentially expressed sense-antisense pairs of protein-coding and long non-coding RNA genes in spontaneous labor at term

PubMed Central

Romero, Roberto; Tarca, Adi; Chaemsaithong, Piya; Miranda, Jezid; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Jia, Hui; Hassan, Sonia S.; Kalita, Cynthia A.; Cai, Juan; Yeo, Lami; Lipovich, Leonard

2014-01-01

Objective The mechanisms responsible for normal and abnormal parturition are poorly understood. Myometrial activation leading to regular uterine contractions is a key component of labor. Dysfunctional labor (arrest of dilatation and/or descent) is a leading indication for cesarean delivery. Compelling evidence suggests that most of these disorders are functional in nature, and not the result of cephalopelvic disproportion. The methodology and the datasets afforded by the post-genomic era provide novel opportunities to understand and target gene functions in these disorders. In 2012, the ENCODE Consortium elucidated the extraordinary abundance and functional complexity of long non-coding RNA genes in the human genome. The purpose of the study was to identify differentially expressed long non-coding RNA genes in human myometrium in women in spontaneous labor at term. Materials and Methods Myometrium was obtained from women undergoing cesarean deliveries who were not in labor (n=19) and women in spontaneous labor at term (n=20). RNA was extracted and profiled using an Illumina® microarray platform. The analysis of the protein coding genes from this study has been previously reported. Here, we have used computational approaches to bound the extent of long non-coding RNA representation on this platform, and to identify co-differentially expressed and correlated pairs of long non-coding RNA genes and protein-coding genes sharing the same genomic loci. Results Upon considering more than 18,498 distinct lncRNA genes compiled nonredundantly from public experimental data sources, and interrogating 2,634 that matched Illumina microarray probes, we identified co-differential expression and correlation at two genomic loci that contain coding-lncRNA gene pairs: SOCS2-AK054607 and LMCD1-NR_024065 in women in spontaneous labor at term. This co-differential expression and correlation was validated by qRT-PCR, an independent experimental method. Intriguingly, one of the two lncRNA genes differentially expressed in term labor had a key genomic structure element, a splice site that lacked evolutionary conservation beyond primates. Conclusions We provide for the first time evidence for coordinated differential expression and correlation of cis-encoded antisense lncRNAs and protein-coding genes with known, as well as novel roles in pregnancy in the myometrium of women in spontaneous labor at term. PMID:24168098

Whole-genome sequencing reveals a coding non-pathogenic variant tagging a non-coding pathogenic hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9orf72 as cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

PubMed

Herdewyn, Sarah; Zhao, Hui; Moisse, Matthieu; Race, Valérie; Matthijs, Gert; Reumers, Joke; Kusters, Benno; Schelhaas, Helenius J; van den Berg, Leonard H; Goris, An; Robberecht, Wim; Lambrechts, Diether; Van Damme, Philip

2012-06-01

Motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has a familial cause in 10% of patients. Despite significant advances in the genetics of the disease, many families remain unexplained. We performed whole-genome sequencing in five family members from a pedigree with autosomal-dominant classical ALS. A family-based elimination approach was used to identify novel coding variants segregating with the disease. This list of variants was effectively shortened by genotyping these variants in 2 additional unaffected family members and 1500 unrelated population-specific controls. A novel rare coding variant in SPAG8 on chromosome 9p13.3 segregated with the disease and was not observed in controls. Mutations in SPAG8 were not encountered in 34 other unexplained ALS pedigrees, including 1 with linkage to chromosome 9p13.2-23.3. The shared haplotype containing the SPAG8 variant in this small pedigree was 22.7 Mb and overlapped with the core 9p21 linkage locus for ALS and frontotemporal dementia. Based on differences in coverage depth of known variable tandem repeat regions between affected and non-affected family members, the shared haplotype was found to contain an expanded hexanucleotide (GGGGCC)(n) repeat in C9orf72 in the affected members. Our results demonstrate that rare coding variants identified by whole-genome sequencing can tag a shared haplotype containing a non-coding pathogenic mutation and that changes in coverage depth can be used to reveal tandem repeat expansions. It also confirms (GGGGCC)n repeat expansions in C9orf72 as a cause of familial ALS.

NOAA Weather Radio - EAS Event Codes

Science.gov Websites

Programación Español Listado de estación Explicacion de SAME Coverage Station Listing County Listing Transmitter Outages FAQ NWR - Special Needs ESPAÑOL Español Condado de cobertura Listado de estación Lista de Emisora y Cobertura Acerca de NWR ESTACIONES NACIONAL Información General Información Para el

A mean field neural network for hierarchical module placement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Unaltuna, M. Kemal; Pitchumani, Vijay

1992-01-01

This paper proposes a mean field neural network for the two-dimensional module placement problem. An efficient coding scheme with only O(N log N) neurons is employed where N is the number of modules. The neurons are evolved in groups of N in log N iteration steps such that the circuit is recursively partitioned in alternating vertical and horizontal directions. In our simulations, the network was able to find optimal solutions to all test problems with up to 128 modules.

Modeling of Plasma Pressure Effects on ELM Suppression With RMP in DIII-D

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orlov, D. M.; Moyer, R. A.; Mordijck, S.; Evans, T. E.; Osborne, T. H.; Snyder, P. B.; Unterberg, E. A.; Fenstermacher, M. E.

2009-11-01

Resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) are used to control the pedestal pressure gradient in both low and high (ν3^*) DIII-D plasmas. In this work we have analyzed several discharges with different levels of triangularity, different neutral beam injection power levels, and with, βN ranging from 1.5 to 2.3. The field line integration code TRIP3D was used to model the magnetic perturbation in ELMing and ELM suppressed phases during the RMP pulse. The results of this modeling showed very little effect of βN on the structure of the vacuum magnetic field during ELM suppression using n=3 RMPs. Kinetic equilibrium reconstructions showed a decrease in bootstrap current during RMP. Linear peeling-ballooning stability analysis performed with the ELITE code suggested that the ELMs, which persist during RMP, i.e. ELMing still is observed, are not Type I ELMs. Identification of these Dα spikes is an ongoing work.

A VLSI chip set for real time vector quantization of image sequences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baker, Richard L.

1989-01-01

The architecture and implementation of a VLSI chip set that vector quantizes (VQ) image sequences in real time is described. The chip set forms a programmable Single-Instruction, Multiple-Data (SIMD) machine which can implement various vector quantization encoding structures. Its VQ codebook may contain unlimited number of codevectors, N, having dimension up to K = 64. Under a weighted least squared error criterion, the engine locates at video rates the best code vector in full-searched or large tree searched VQ codebooks. The ability to manipulate tree structured codebooks, coupled with parallelism and pipelining, permits searches in as short as O (log N) cycles. A full codebook search results in O(N) performance, compared to O(KN) for a Single-Instruction, Single-Data (SISD) machine. With this VLSI chip set, an entire video code can be built on a single board that permits realtime experimentation with very large codebooks.

Energy dynamics and current sheet structure in fluid and kinetic simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

DOE PAGES

Makwana, K. D.; Zhdankin, V.; Li, H.; ...

2015-04-10

We performed simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence with a fluid and a kinetic code. The initial condition is an ensemble of long-wavelength, counter-propagating, shear-Alfvén waves, which interact and rapidly generate strong MHD turbulence. The total energy is conserved and the rate of turbulent energy decay is very similar in both codes, although the fluid code has numerical dissipation, whereas the kinetic code has kinetic dissipation. The inertial range power spectrum index is similar in both the codes. The fluid code shows a perpendicular wavenumber spectral slope of k-1.3⊥k⊥-1.3. The kinetic code shows a spectral slope of k-1.5⊥k⊥-1.5 for smallermore » simulation domain, and k-1.3⊥k⊥-1.3 for larger domain. We then estimate that collisionless damping mechanisms in the kinetic code can account for the dissipation of the observed nonlinear energy cascade. Current sheets are geometrically characterized. Their lengths and widths are in good agreement between the two codes. The length scales linearly with the driving scale of the turbulence. In the fluid code, their thickness is determined by the grid resolution as there is no explicit diffusivity. In the kinetic code, their thickness is very close to the skin-depth, irrespective of the grid resolution. Finally, this work shows that kinetic codes can reproduce the MHD inertial range dynamics at large scales, while at the same time capturing important kinetic physics at small scales.« less

Energy dynamics and current sheet structure in fluid and kinetic simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Makwana, K. D.; Zhdankin, V.; Li, H.

We performed simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence with a fluid and a kinetic code. The initial condition is an ensemble of long-wavelength, counter-propagating, shear-Alfvén waves, which interact and rapidly generate strong MHD turbulence. The total energy is conserved and the rate of turbulent energy decay is very similar in both codes, although the fluid code has numerical dissipation, whereas the kinetic code has kinetic dissipation. The inertial range power spectrum index is similar in both the codes. The fluid code shows a perpendicular wavenumber spectral slope of k-1.3⊥k⊥-1.3. The kinetic code shows a spectral slope of k-1.5⊥k⊥-1.5 for smallermore » simulation domain, and k-1.3⊥k⊥-1.3 for larger domain. We then estimate that collisionless damping mechanisms in the kinetic code can account for the dissipation of the observed nonlinear energy cascade. Current sheets are geometrically characterized. Their lengths and widths are in good agreement between the two codes. The length scales linearly with the driving scale of the turbulence. In the fluid code, their thickness is determined by the grid resolution as there is no explicit diffusivity. In the kinetic code, their thickness is very close to the skin-depth, irrespective of the grid resolution. Finally, this work shows that kinetic codes can reproduce the MHD inertial range dynamics at large scales, while at the same time capturing important kinetic physics at small scales.« less

Simulations of toroidal Alfvén eigenmode excited by fast ions on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pei, Youbin; Xiang, Nong; Shen, Wei; Hu, Youjun; Todo, Y.; Zhou, Deng; Huang, Juan

2018-05-01

Kinetic-MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) hybrid simulations are carried out to study fast ion driven toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The first part of this article presents the linear benchmark between two kinetic-MHD codes, namely MEGA and M3D-K, based on a realistic EAST equilibrium. Parameter scans show that the frequency and the growth rate of the TAE given by the two codes agree with each other. The second part of this article discusses the resonance interaction between the TAE and fast ions simulated by the MEGA code. The results show that the TAE exchanges energy with the co-current passing particles with the parallel velocity |v∥ | ≈VA 0/3 or |v∥ | ≈VA 0/5 , where VA 0 is the Alfvén speed on the magnetic axis. The TAE destabilized by the counter-current passing ions is also analyzed and found to have a much smaller growth rate than the co-current ions driven TAE. One of the reasons for this is found to be that the overlapping region of the TAE spatial location and the counter-current ion orbits is narrow, and thus the wave-particle energy exchange is not efficient.

MHD stability analysis and global mode identification preparing for high beta operation in KSTAR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Y. S.; Sabbagh, S. A.; Berkery, J. W.; Jiang, Y.; Ahn, J. H.; Han, H. S.; Bak, J. G.; Park, B. H.; Jeon, Y. M.; Kim, J.; Hahn, S. H.; Lee, J. H.; Ko, J. S.; in, Y. K.; Yoon, S. W.; Oh, Y. K.; Wang, Z.; Glasser, A. H.

2017-10-01

H-mode plasma operation in KSTAR has surpassed the computed n = 1 ideal no-wall stability limit in discharges exceeding several seconds in duration. The achieved high normalized beta plasmas are presently limited by resistive tearing instabilities rather than global kink/ballooning or RWMs. The ideal and resistive stability of these plasmas is examined by using different physics models. The observed m/ n = 2/1 tearing stability is computed by using the M3D-C1 code, and by the resistive DCON code. The global MHD stability modified by kinetic effects is examined using the MISK code. Results from the analysis explain the stabilization of the plasma above the ideal MHD no-wall limit. Equilibrium reconstructions used include the measured kinetic profiles and MSE data. In preparation for plasma operation at higher beta utilizing the planned second NBI system, three sets of 3D magnetic field sensors have been installed and will be used for RWM active feedback control. To accurately determine the dominant n-component produced by low frequency unstable RWMs, an algorithm has been developed that includes magnetic sensor compensation of the prompt applied field and the field from the induced current on the passive conductors. Supported by US DOE Contracts DE-FG02-99ER54524 and DE-SC0016614.

Investigation of fatigue assessments accuracy for beam weldments considering material data input and FE-mode type

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gorash, Yevgen; Comlekci, Tugrul; MacKenzie, Donald

2017-05-01

This study investigates the effects of fatigue material data and finite element types on accuracy of residual life assessments under high cycle fatigue. The bending of cross-beam connections is simulated in ANSYS Workbench for different combinations of structural member shapes made of a typical structural steel. The stress analysis of weldments with specific dimensions and loading applied is implemented using solid and shell elements. The stress results are transferred to the fatigue code nCode DesignLife for the residual life prediction. Considering the effects of mean stress using FKM approach, bending and thickness according to BS 7608:2014, fatigue life is predicted using the Volvo method and stress integration rules from ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code. Three different pairs of S-N curves are considered in this work including generic seam weld curves and curves for the equivalent Japanese steel JIS G3106-SM490B. The S-N curve parameters for the steel are identified using the experimental data available from NIMS fatigue data sheets employing least square method and considering thickness and mean stress corrections. The numerical predictions are compared to the available experimental results indicating the most preferable fatigue data input, range of applicability and FE-model formulation to achieve the best accuracy.

Hispanics of a San Diego Barrio.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-04-01

1973. Padilla, E . Up from Puerto Rico. New York: Columbia University Press, 1958, 1964. Redfield, R . Peasant society and culture, an anthropological...U6II~’ E - - - -- - -ell-,.~IjO@I~~j N NN N N N N N N N %104%0 x x 0 *0 t. .- 4 Ix X . K K 01 auvj’x x 4.’ 4* . - x- - Q .1 0. . 0 --I---- q5K 1 U4 R ...Performance (Code 44)Naval Material Command Naval Medical R &D Command MAT-03 National Naval Medical Center (J. E . Colvard) Bethesda, MD 20014 Room 236

Growth- and substrate-dependent transcription of formate dehydrogenase and hydrogenase coding genes in Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans and Methanospirillum hungatei.

PubMed

Worm, Petra; Stams, Alfons J M; Cheng, Xu; Plugge, Caroline M

2011-01-01

Transcription of genes coding for formate dehydrogenases (fdh genes) and hydrogenases (hyd genes) in Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans and Methanospirillum hungatei was studied following growth under different conditions. Under all conditions tested, all fdh and hyd genes were transcribed. However, transcription levels of the individual genes varied depending on the substrate and growth conditions. Our results strongly suggest that in syntrophically grown S. fumaroxidans cells, the [FeFe]-hydrogenase (encoded by Sfum_844-46), FDH1 (Sfum_2703-06) and Hox (Sfum_2713-16) may confurcate electrons from NADH and ferredoxin to protons and carbon dioxide to produce hydrogen and formate, respectively. Based on bioinformatic analysis, a membrane-integrated energy-converting [NiFe]-hydrogenase (Mhun_1741-46) of M. hungatei might be involved in the energy-dependent reduction of CO(2) to formylmethanofuran. The best candidates for F(420)-dependent N(5),N(10)-methyl-H(4) MPT and N(5),N(10),-methylene-H(4)MPT reduction are the cytoplasmic [NiFe]-hydrogenase and FDH1. 16S rRNA ratios indicate that in one of the triplicate co-cultures of S. fumaroxidans and M. hungatei, less energy was available for S. fumaroxidans. This led to enhanced transcription of genes coding for the Rnf-complex (Sfum_2694-99) and of several fdh and hyd genes. The Rnf-complex probably reoxidized NADH with ferredoxin reduction, followed by ferredoxin oxidation by the induced formate dehydrogenases and hydrogenases.

Profile of Prior-Service Accessions to the U.S. (United States) Navy: Fiscal Years 1973-1981.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-04-01

ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT. TASK AREA A WORKC UNIT NUMBERS " Institute for Policy Research and Evaluation N-253...research effort aimed at enhancing Navy manpower policy. * *. . . . . . .. - Distribution List Director Technology Programs Office of Naval Research (Code...200) Arlington, VA 22217 Director Research Programs Office of Naval Research (Code 400) Arlington, VA 22217 Manpower, Personnel and Training

Off-Range Beaked Whale Studies (ORBS): Baseline Data and Tagging Development for Northern Bottlenose Whales (Hyperoodon ampulatus) off Jan Mayen, Norway

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-30

02.003’N, 07°01.981’W) To be recovered in 2016 Ranging code #08D1; releasing code #0803 In collaboration with Rune Hansen of the University of...the animal with PTT 134760 was tracked moving all the way south to the Azores Archipelago. Figure courtesy of Rune Hansen. Objective 4. conduct

Cognitive CDMA Channelization

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

proposed scheme for power and code allocation for the secondary user is outlined in Fig. 2. V. SIMULATION STUDIES We consider a primary DS - CDMA system...DATES COVERED (From - To) January 2008 – June 2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE COGNITIVE CDMA CHANNELIZATION 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER In-House 5b. GRANT...TELEPHONE NUMBER (Include area code) N/A Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Cognitive CDMA Channelization Kanke

DoD STINFO Manager Training Course STINFO Documentation

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-05-01

nawcws2.wsmr.army.mil PENNSYLVANIA ONR Manufacturing Technology Det Carderock Div NAVSURFWARCEN Attn: Philip M. Broudy (Code 20) John Bozewicz (Code 911...Available NTIS; 91N33013.) AD-A252 069 11 Pinelli, Thomas E.; Madeline Henderson; Ann P. Bishop; and Philip Doty. Chronology of Selected Literature...Mindy L Kotler . "Japanese Tech- nological Innovation: Implications for Large Commercial Aircraft and Knowledge Diffusion." Paper presented at the

Planned Monolayer Assemblies by Adsorption

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-09-01

RESEARCH OFFICE OF TBE U.S. ARMY Xcndn, Engan aONRAcM NUMBE DAJA45-84-C-0055 acntractor: The Weizmn InstituteAttn: Ms. N. Guter Office of Research ...ORGANIZATION The Weizmann Inst’,a#. of (if appficable) European Research office ScienceUSARDSG-UK) Sk. ADDRESS (Wiy State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City...State. and ZIP Code) Department of Isotope Research Box 65 76100 Rehoyot FPO NY 09510-1500 IsraelJ

An Open-Source Bayesian Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (BART) Code, with Application to WASP-12b

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harrington, Joseph; Blecic, Jasmina; Cubillos, Patricio; Rojo, Patricio; Loredo, Thomas J.; Bowman, M. Oliver; Foster, Andrew S. D.; Stemm, Madison M.; Lust, Nate B.

2015-01-01

Atmospheric retrievals for solar-system planets typically fit, either with a minimizer or by eye, a synthetic spectrum to high-resolution (Δλ/λ ~ 1000-100,000) data with S/N > 100 per point. In contrast, exoplanet data often have S/N ~ 10 per point, and may have just a few points representing bandpasses larger than 1 um. To derive atmospheric constraints and robust parameter uncertainty estimates from such data requires a Bayesian approach. To date there are few investigators with the relevant codes, none of which are publicly available. We are therefore pleased to announce the open-source Bayesian Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (BART) code. BART uses a Bayesian phase-space explorer to drive a radiative-transfer model through the parameter phase space, producing the most robust estimates available for the thermal profile and chemical abundances in the atmosphere. We present an overview of the code and an initial application to Spitzer eclipse data for WASP-12b. We invite the community to use and improve BART via the open-source development site GitHub.com. This work was supported by NASA Planetary Atmospheres grant NNX12AI69G and NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program grant NNX13AF38G. JB holds a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship.

An Open-Source Bayesian Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (BART) Code, and Application to WASP-12b

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harrington, Joseph; Blecic, Jasmina; Cubillos, Patricio; Rojo, Patricio M.; Loredo, Thomas J.; Bowman, Matthew O.; Foster, Andrew S.; Stemm, Madison M.; Lust, Nate B.

2014-11-01

Atmospheric retrievals for solar-system planets typically fit, either with a minimizer or by eye, a synthetic spectrum to high-resolution (Δλ/λ ~ 1000-100,000) data with S/N > 100 per point. In contrast, exoplanet data often have S/N ~ 10 per point, and may have just a few points representing bandpasses larger than 1 um. To derive atmospheric constraints and robust parameter uncertainty estimates from such data requires a Bayesian approach. To date there are few investigators with the relevant codes, none of which are publicly available. We are therefore pleased to announce the open-source Bayesian Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (BART) code. BART uses a Bayesian phase-space explorer to drive a radiative-transfer model through the parameter phase space, producing the most robust estimates available for the thermal profile and chemical abundances in the atmosphere. We present an overview of the code and an initial application to Spitzer eclipse data for WASP-12b. We invite the community to use and improve BART via the open-source development site GitHub.com. This work was supported by NASA Planetary Atmospheres grant NNX12AI69G and NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program grant NNX13AF38G. JB holds a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship.

Production of reactive oxygen species by phagocytic cells after exposure to glass wool and stone wool fibres - effect of fibre preincubation in aqueous solution.

PubMed

Zoller, T; Zeller, W J

2000-04-03

The potential of four man-made vitreous fibres (MMVFs) (glass wool Code A, stone wool Code G, HT-N and MMVF 21) and of two natural mineral fibres (crocidolite, erionite) to induce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by differentiated HL-60 cells (HL-60-M cells) was investigated by determination of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL). Quartz served as positive control. The same system was used to uncover possible influences of fibre preincubation in aqueous solutions on the ROS-generating potential. Following preincubation in unbuffered saline over about 4 weeks, Code A and G fibres showed decreased ROS-generating potential as compared to freshly suspended fibres. On the other hand, MMVF 21 and HT-N fibres as well as crocidolite and erionite showed no decreased CL after incubation in aqueous solutions. The observed decrease of the ROS-generating potential of Code A and G fibres after preincubation may be an expression of fibre surface alterations (leaching, initiation of dissolution) that influences the response of exposed phagocytic cells. After incubation of both fibres in buffered solutions at different pH values (5.0, 7.4) a reduced ROS-generating potential was still discernible as compared to freshly suspended fibres.

Comparative sequence analysis of acid sensitive/resistance proteins in Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri

PubMed Central

Manikandan, Selvaraj; Balaji, Seetharaaman; Kumar, Anil; Kumar, Rita

2007-01-01

The molecular basis for the survival of bacteria under extreme conditions in which growth is inhibited is a question of great current interest. A preliminary study was carried out to determine residue pattern conservation among the antiporters of enteric bacteria, responsible for extreme acid sensitivity especially in Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. Here we found the molecular evidence that proved the relationship between E. coli and S. flexneri. Multiple sequence alignment of the gadC coded acid sensitive antiporter showed many conserved residue patterns at regular intervals at the N-terminal region. It was observed that as the alignment approaches towards the C-terminal, the number of conserved residues decreases, indicating that the N-terminal region of this protein has much active role when compared to the carboxyl terminal. The motif, FHLVFFLLLGG, is well conserved within the entire gadC coded protein at the amino terminal. The motif is also partially conserved among other antiporters (which are not coded by gadC) but involved in acid sensitive/resistance mechanism. Phylogenetic cluster analysis proves the relationship of Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. The gadC coded proteins are converged as a clade and diverged from other antiporters belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. PMID:21670792

GOTHIC: Gravitational oct-tree code accelerated by hierarchical time step controlling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miki, Yohei; Umemura, Masayuki

2017-04-01

The tree method is a widely implemented algorithm for collisionless N-body simulations in astrophysics well suited for GPU(s). Adopting hierarchical time stepping can accelerate N-body simulations; however, it is infrequently implemented and its potential remains untested in GPU implementations. We have developed a Gravitational Oct-Tree code accelerated by HIerarchical time step Controlling named GOTHIC, which adopts both the tree method and the hierarchical time step. The code adopts some adaptive optimizations by monitoring the execution time of each function on-the-fly and minimizes the time-to-solution by balancing the measured time of multiple functions. Results of performance measurements with realistic particle distribution performed on NVIDIA Tesla M2090, K20X, and GeForce GTX TITAN X, which are representative GPUs of the Fermi, Kepler, and Maxwell generation of GPUs, show that the hierarchical time step achieves a speedup by a factor of around 3-5 times compared to the shared time step. The measured elapsed time per step of GOTHIC is 0.30 s or 0.44 s on GTX TITAN X when the particle distribution represents the Andromeda galaxy or the NFW sphere, respectively, with 224 = 16,777,216 particles. The averaged performance of the code corresponds to 10-30% of the theoretical single precision peak performance of the GPU.

"Coding" and "Decoding": hypothesis for the regulatory mechanism involved in heparan sulfate biosynthesis.

PubMed

Zhang, Xu; Wang, Fengshan; Sheng, Juzheng

2016-06-16

Heparan sulfate (HS) is widely distributed in mammalian tissues in the form of HS proteoglycans, which play essential roles in various physiological and pathological processes. In contrast to the template-guided processes involved in the synthesis of DNA and proteins, HS biosynthesis is not believed to involve a template. However, it appears that the final structure of HS chains was strictly regulated. Herein, we report research based hypothesis that two major steps, namely "coding" and "decoding" steps, are involved in the biosynthesis of HS, which strictly regulate its chemical structure and biological activity. The "coding" process in this context is based on the distribution of sulfate moieties on the amino groups of the glucosamine residues in the HS chains. The sulfation of these amine groups is catalyzed by N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase, which has four isozymes. The composition and distribution of sulfate groups and iduronic acid residues on the glycan chains of HS are determined by several other modification enzymes, which can recognize these coding sequences (i.e., the "decoding" process). The degree and pattern of the sulfation and epimerization in the HS chains determines the extent of their interactions with several different protein factors, which further influences their biological activity. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

N-formylation of amines via the aerobic oxidation of methanol over supported gold nanoparticles.

PubMed

Ishida, Tamao; Haruta, Masatake

2009-01-01

Dress code: formyl. Gold nanoparticles supported on NiO catalyze the one-pot N-formylation of amines with methanol and molecular oxygen to produce formamide at a selectivity of 90 %. This process generates methyl formate in situ, followed by reaction with amines.

75 FR 4582 - Mojave-Southern Great Basin Resource Advisory Council Meetings, Nevada

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-28

... District Office Manager. [FR Doc. 2010-1729 Filed 1-27-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-HC-P ... include, but are not limited to: February 18, BLM Southern Nevada District Office, 4701 N. Torrey Pines Dr... Southern Nevada District Office, 4701 N. Torrey [[Page 4583

Supporting Students' Knowledge Transfer in Modeling Activities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Piksööt, Jaanika; Sarapuu, Tago

2014-01-01

This study investigates ways to enhance secondary school students' knowledge transfer in complex science domains by implementing question prompts. Two samples of students applied two web-based models to study molecular genetics--the model of genetic code (n = 258) and translation (n = 245). For each model, the samples were randomly divided into…

ARC-2010-ACD10-0071-022

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-04-16

Sustainability Base celebration, sheetrock signing and social in lobby of N-200. Rose King of Code C slated to become on of the first occupants of the new Green building at NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California designated Sustainability Base N-232 puts her mark on the building forever.

Concreteness and Imagery Effects in the Written Composition of Definitions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sadoski, Mark; Kealy, William A.; Goetz, Ernest T.; Paivio, Allan

1997-01-01

In two experiments, undergraduates (n=48 and n=50) composed written definitions of concrete and abstract nouns that were matched for frequency of use and meaningfulness. Results support previous research suggesting that common cognitive mechanisms underlie production of spoken and written language as explained by dual coding theory. (SLD)

The 2009 U.N. Durban Review Conference: Follow-Up to the 2001 U.N. World Conference Against Racism

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-11-20

Order Code RL34754 The 2009 U.N. Durban Review Conference: Follow-Up to the 2001 U.N. World Conference Against Racism November 20, 2008 Luisa...information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 20 NOV 2008 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2008 to 00-00...2008 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The 2009 U.N. Durban Review Conference: Follow-Up to the 2001 U.N. World Conference Against Racism 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

Architecture and Chemical Coding of the Inner and Outer Submucous Plexus in the Colon of Piglets

PubMed Central

Petto, Carola; Gäbel, Gotthold; Pfannkuche, Helga

2015-01-01

In the porcine colon, the submucous plexus is divided into an inner submucous plexus (ISP) on the epithelial side and an outer submucous plexus (OSP) on the circular muscle side. Although both plexuses are probably involved in the regulation of epithelial functions, they might differ in function and neurochemical coding according to their localization. Therefore, we examined expression and co-localization of different neurotransmitters and neuronal markers in both plexuses as well as in neuronal fibres. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on wholemount preparations of ISP and OSP and on cryostat sections. Antibodies against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the pan-neuronal markers Hu C/D and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were used. The ISP contained 1,380 ± 131 ganglia per cm2 and 122 ± 12 neurons per ganglion. In contrast, the OSP showed a wider meshwork (215 ± 33 ganglia per cm2) and smaller ganglia (57 ± 3 neurons per ganglion). In the ISP, 42% of all neurons expressed ChAT. About 66% of ChAT-positive neurons co-localized SP. A small number of ISP neurons expressed SOM. Chemical coding in the OSP was more complex. Besides the ChAT/±SP subpopulation (32% of all neurons), a nNOS-immunoreactive population (31%) was detected. Most nitrergic neurons were only immunoreactive for nNOS; 10% co-localized with VIP. A small subpopulation of OSP neurons was immunoreactive for ChAT/nNOS/±VIP. All types of neurotransmitters found in the ISP or OSP were also detected in neuronal fibres within the mucosa. We suppose that the cholinergic population in the ISP is involved in the control of epithelial functions. Regarding neurochemical coding, the OSP shares some similarities with the myenteric plexus. Because of its location and neurochemical characteristics, the OSP may be involved in controlling both the mucosa and circular muscle. PMID:26230272

The fast decoding of Reed-Solomon codes using number theoretic transforms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reed, I. S.; Welch, L. R.; Truong, T. K.

1976-01-01

It is shown that Reed-Solomon (RS) codes can be encoded and decoded by using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm over finite fields. The arithmetic utilized to perform these transforms requires only integer additions, circular shifts and a minimum number of integer multiplications. The computing time of this transform encoder-decoder for RS codes is less than the time of the standard method for RS codes. More generally, the field GF(q) is also considered, where q is a prime of the form K x 2 to the nth power + 1 and K and n are integers. GF(q) can be used to decode very long RS codes by an efficient FFT algorithm with an improvement in the number of symbols. It is shown that a radix-8 FFT algorithm over GF(q squared) can be utilized to encode and decode very long RS codes with a large number of symbols. For eight symbols in GF(q squared), this transform over GF(q squared) can be made simpler than any other known number theoretic transform with a similar capability. Of special interest is the decoding of a 16-tuple RS code with four errors.

Trellises and Trellis-Based Decoding Algorithms for Linear Block Codes. Part 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, Shu

1998-01-01

Decoding algorithms based on the trellis representation of a code (block or convolutional) drastically reduce decoding complexity. The best known and most commonly used trellis-based decoding algorithm is the Viterbi algorithm. It is a maximum likelihood decoding algorithm. Convolutional codes with the Viterbi decoding have been widely used for error control in digital communications over the last two decades. This chapter is concerned with the application of the Viterbi decoding algorithm to linear block codes. First, the Viterbi algorithm is presented. Then, optimum sectionalization of a trellis to minimize the computational complexity of a Viterbi decoder is discussed and an algorithm is presented. Some design issues for IC (integrated circuit) implementation of a Viterbi decoder are considered and discussed. Finally, a new decoding algorithm based on the principle of compare-select-add is presented. This new algorithm can be applied to both block and convolutional codes and is more efficient than the conventional Viterbi algorithm based on the add-compare-select principle. This algorithm is particularly efficient for rate 1/n antipodal convolutional codes and their high-rate punctured codes. It reduces computational complexity by one-third compared with the Viterbi algorithm.

Robustifying the Kalman Filter.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-11-01

School Code 55 6c ADDRESN Cq> State and ZiP( odk ,) 7b ADDRE SS(City State and Z/IPCode) Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8a NAME J); ;. ND S"ONSOR’Nu Bt, O FiCE... collected are the estimation error 6n - On for n=25, 50, 75, 100 and the estimate of variance Cn, n=25, 50, 75, 100. The number of independent

Transition to international classification of disease version 10, clinical modification: the impact on internal medicine and internal medicine subspecialties.

PubMed

Caskey, Rachel N; Abutahoun, Angelos; Polick, Anne; Barnes, Michelle; Srivastava, Pavan; Boyd, Andrew D

2018-05-04

The US health care system uses diagnostic codes for billing and reimbursement as well as quality assessment and measuring clinical outcomes. The US transitioned to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) on October, 2015. Little is known about the impact of ICD-10-CM on internal medicine and medicine subspecialists. We used a state-wide data set from Illinois Medicaid specified for Internal Medicine providers and subspecialists. A total of 3191 ICD-9-CM codes were used for 51,078 patient encounters, for a total cost of US $26,022,022 for all internal medicine. We categorized all of the ICD-9-CM codes based on the complexity of mapping to ICD-10-CM as codes with complex mapping could result in billing or administrative errors during the transition. Codes found to have complex mapping and frequently used codes (n = 295) were analyzed for clinical accuracy of mapping to ICD-10-CM. Each subspecialty was analyzed for complexity of codes used and proportion of reimbursement associated with complex codes. Twenty-five percent of internal medicine codes have convoluted mapping to ICD-10-CM, which represent 22% of Illinois Medicaid patients, and 30% of reimbursements. Rheumatology and Endocrinology had the greatest proportion of visits and reimbursement associated with complex codes. We found 14.5% of ICD-9-CM codes used by internists, when mapped to ICD-10-CM, resulted in potential clinical inaccuracies. We identified that 43% of diagnostic codes evaluated and used by internists and that account for 14% of internal medicine reimbursements are associated with codes which could result in administrative errors.

Statistical Analysis of CFD Solutions from 2nd Drag Prediction Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hemsch, M. J.; Morrison, J. H.

2004-01-01

In June 2001, the first AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop was held to evaluate results obtained from extensive N-Version testing of a series of RANS CFD codes. The geometry used for the computations was the DLR-F4 wing-body combination which resembles a medium-range subsonic transport. The cases reported include the design cruise point, drag polars at eight Mach numbers, and drag rise at three values of lift. Although comparisons of the code-to-code medians with available experimental data were similar to those obtained in previous studies, the code-to-code scatter was more than an order-of-magnitude larger than expected and far larger than desired for design and for experimental validation. The second Drag Prediction Workshop was held in June 2003 with emphasis on the determination of installed pylon-nacelle drag increments and on grid refinement studies. The geometry used was the DLR-F6 wing-body-pylon-nacelle combination for which the design cruise point and the cases run were similar to the first workshop except for additional runs on coarse and fine grids to complement the runs on medium grids. The code-to-code scatter was significantly reduced for the wing-body configuration compared to the first workshop, although still much larger than desired. However, the grid refinement studies showed no sign$cant improvement in code-to-code scatter with increasing grid refinement.

Tobacco outlet density and converted versus native non-daily cigarette use in a national US sample.

PubMed

Kirchner, Thomas R; Anesetti-Rothermel, Andrew; Bennett, Morgane; Gao, Hong; Carlos, Heather; Scheuermann, Taneisha S; Reitzel, Lorraine R; Ahluwalia, Jasjit S

2017-01-01

Investigate whether non-daily smokers' (NDS) cigarette price and purchase preferences, recent cessation attempts, and current intentions to quit are associated with the density of the retail cigarette product landscape surrounding their residential address. Cross-sectional assessment of N=904 converted NDS (CNDS). who previously smoked every day, and N=297 native NDS (NNDS) who only smoked non-daily, drawn from a national panel. Kernel density estimation was used to generate a nationwide probability surface of tobacco outlets linked to participants' residential ZIP code. Hierarchically nested log-linear models were compared to evaluate associations between outlet density, non-daily use patterns, price sensitivity and quit intentions. Overall, NDS in ZIP codes with greater outlet density were less likely than NDS in ZIP codes with lower outlet density to hold 6-month quit intentions when they also reported that price affected use patterns (G 2 =66.1, p<0.001) and purchase locations (G 2 =85.2, p<0.001). CNDS were more likely than NNDS to reside in ZIP codes with higher outlet density (G 2 =322.0, p<0.001). Compared with CNDS in ZIP codes with lower outlet density, CNDS in high-density ZIP codes were more likely to report that price influenced the amount they smoke (G 2 =43.9, p<0.001), and were more likely to look for better prices (G 2 =59.3, p<0.001). NDS residing in high-density ZIP codes were not more likely to report that price affected their cigarette brand choice compared with those in ZIP codes with lower density. This paper provides initial evidence that the point-of-sale cigarette environment may be differentially associated with the maintenance of CNDS versus NNDS patterns. Future research should investigate how tobacco control efforts can be optimised to both promote cessation and curb the rising tide of non-daily smoking in the USA. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Use of FEC coding to improve statistical multiplexing performance for video transport over ATM networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurceren, Ragip; Modestino, James W.

1998-12-01

The use of forward error-control (FEC) coding, possibly in conjunction with ARQ techniques, has emerged as a promising approach for video transport over ATM networks for cell-loss recovery and/or bit error correction, such as might be required for wireless links. Although FEC provides cell-loss recovery capabilities it also introduces transmission overhead which can possibly cause additional cell losses. A methodology is described to maximize the number of video sources multiplexed at a given quality of service (QoS), measured in terms of decoded cell loss probability, using interlaced FEC codes. The transport channel is modelled as a block interference channel (BIC) and the multiplexer as single server, deterministic service, finite buffer supporting N users. Based upon an information-theoretic characterization of the BIC and large deviation bounds on the buffer overflow probability, the described methodology provides theoretically achievable upper limits on the number of sources multiplexed. Performance of specific coding techniques using interlaced nonbinary Reed-Solomon (RS) codes and binary rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes is illustrated.

Reactivity effects in VVER-1000 of the third unit of the kalinin nuclear power plant at physical start-up. Computations in ShIPR intellectual code system with library of two-group cross sections generated by UNK code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zizin, M. N.; Zimin, V. G.; Zizina, S. N., E-mail: zizin@adis.vver.kiae.ru

2010-12-15

The ShIPR intellectual code system for mathematical simulation of nuclear reactors includes a set of computing modules implementing the preparation of macro cross sections on the basis of the two-group library of neutron-physics cross sections obtained for the SKETCH-N nodal code. This library is created by using the UNK code for 3D diffusion computation of first VVER-1000 fuel loadings. Computation of neutron fields in the ShIPR system is performed using the DP3 code in the two-group diffusion approximation in 3D triangular geometry. The efficiency of all groups of control rods for the first fuel loading of the third unit ofmore » the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant is computed. The temperature, barometric, and density effects of reactivity as well as the reactivity coefficient due to the concentration of boric acid in the reactor were computed additionally. Results of computations are compared with the experiment.« less

Performance of convolutional codes on fading channels typical of planetary entry missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Modestino, J. W.; Mui, S. Y.; Reale, T. J.

1974-01-01

The performance of convolutional codes in fading channels typical of the planetary entry channel is examined in detail. The signal fading is due primarily to turbulent atmospheric scattering of the RF signal transmitted from an entry probe through a planetary atmosphere. Short constraint length convolutional codes are considered in conjunction with binary phase-shift keyed modulation and Viterbi maximum likelihood decoding, and for longer constraint length codes sequential decoding utilizing both the Fano and Zigangirov-Jelinek (ZJ) algorithms are considered. Careful consideration is given to the modeling of the channel in terms of a few meaningful parameters which can be correlated closely with theoretical propagation studies. For short constraint length codes the bit error probability performance was investigated as a function of E sub b/N sub o parameterized by the fading channel parameters. For longer constraint length codes the effect was examined of the fading channel parameters on the computational requirements of both the Fano and ZJ algorithms. The effects of simple block interleaving in combatting the memory of the channel is explored, using the analytic approach or digital computer simulation.

Reactivity effects in VVER-1000 of the third unit of the kalinin nuclear power plant at physical start-up. Computations in ShIPR intellectual code system with library of two-group cross sections generated by UNK code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zizin, M. N.; Zimin, V. G.; Zizina, S. N.; Kryakvin, L. V.; Pitilimov, V. A.; Tereshonok, V. A.

2010-12-01

The ShIPR intellectual code system for mathematical simulation of nuclear reactors includes a set of computing modules implementing the preparation of macro cross sections on the basis of the two-group library of neutron-physics cross sections obtained for the SKETCH-N nodal code. This library is created by using the UNK code for 3D diffusion computation of first VVER-1000 fuel loadings. Computation of neutron fields in the ShIPR system is performed using the DP3 code in the two-group diffusion approximation in 3D triangular geometry. The efficiency of all groups of control rods for the first fuel loading of the third unit of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant is computed. The temperature, barometric, and density effects of reactivity as well as the reactivity coefficient due to the concentration of boric acid in the reactor were computed additionally. Results of computations are compared with the experiment.

Structural stability and electronic structure of transition metal compound: HfN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sarwan, Madhu; Shukoor, V. Abdul; Singh, Sadhna

2018-05-01

The structural stability of transition metal nitride (HfN) has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with the help of Quantum-espresso codes. Our calculations confirm that the hafnium nitride (HfN) is stable in zinc-blende (B3) and rock-salt (B1) type structure. We have also reported the structural and electronic properties of HfN compound. These structural properties have been compared with experimental and theoretical data available on this compound.

Patient Understanding of the Risks and Benefits of Biologic Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from a Large-scale Analysis of Social Media Platforms.

PubMed

Martinez, Bibiana; Dailey, Francis; Almario, Christopher V; Keller, Michelle S; Desai, Mansee; Dupuy, Taylor; Mosadeghi, Sasan; Whitman, Cynthia; Lasch, Karen; Ursos, Lyann; Spiegel, Brennan M R

2017-07-01

Few studies have examined inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients' knowledge and understanding of biologic therapies outside traditional surveys. Here, we used social media data to examine IBD patients' understanding of the risks and benefits associated with biologic therapies and how this affects decision-making. We collected posts from Twitter and e-forum discussions from >3000 social media sites posted between June 27, 2012 and June 27, 2015. Guided by natural language processing, we identified posts with specific IBD keywords that discussed the risks and/or benefits of biologics. We then manually coded the resulting posts and performed qualitative analysis using ATLAS.ti software. A hierarchical coding structure was developed based on the keyword list and relevant themes were identified through manual coding. We examined 1598 IBD-related posts, of which 452 (28.3%) centered on the risks and/or benefits of biologics. There were 5 main themes: negative experiences and concerns with biologics (n = 247; 54.6%), decision-making surrounding biologic use (n = 169; 37.4%), positive experiences with biologics (n = 168; 37.2%), information seeking from peers (n = 125; 27.7%), and cost (n = 38; 8.4%). Posts describing negative experiences primarily commented on side effects from biologics, concerns about potential side effects and increased cancer risk, and pregnancy safety concerns. Posts on decision-making focused on nonbiologic treatment options, hesitation to initiate biologics, and concerns about changing or discontinuing regimens. Social media reveals a wide range of themes governing patients' experience and choice with IBD biologics. The complexity of navigating their risk-benefit profiles suggests merit in creating online tailored decision tools to support IBD patients' decision-making with biologic therapies.

Awareness and reported violations of the WHO International Code and Pakistan's national breastfeeding legislation; a descriptive cross-sectional survey

PubMed Central

Salasibew, Mihretab; Kiani, Ayyaz; Faragher, Brian; Garner, Paul

2008-01-01

Background National legislation in Pakistan adopted the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes in 2002 to restrict the promotion of infant formula feeding. Our objectives were to assess health professionals' awareness of this law in urban government hospitals and describe their reports of violations, including receiving free samples, gifts and sponsorship. Methods Structured interviews were conducted with health staff between July and August 2006 at 12 urban government hospitals in Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Peshawar including paediatricians, obstetricians, nurses, resident doctors, midwives and lady health visitors (LHVs). Results Of the 427 health workers interviewed, the majority were not aware of the national breastfeeding law (70.5%; n = 301) or the International Code (79.6%; n = 340). Paediatricians, and staff who had been working for 10 years or more, were more likely to be aware of the law [OR = 7.00, 95% CI 3.12, 15.7 (paediatricians); OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.45, 4.24 (10 years working)]. More than one third (38.4%, n = 164) had received small gifts such as pens, pencils and calendars; 12.4% (n = 53) had received sponsorship for training or conferences; and 15.9% (n = 68) had received free samples of infant formula from the Companies. Staff who were aware of the law were also more likely to report receiving gifts (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.08, 2.51) and free samples (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.09, 3.19). Conclusion Most hospital health professionals were unaware of national breastfeeding legislation in Pakistan, and infant formula companies were continuing to flout the ban on gifts, free samples and sponsorship for health staff. PMID:18928524

The impact of conventional dietary intake data coding methods on foods typically consumed by low-income African-American and White urban populations.

PubMed

Mason, Marc A; Fanelli Kuczmarski, Marie; Allegro, Deanne; Zonderman, Alan B; Evans, Michele K

2015-08-01

Analysing dietary data to capture how individuals typically consume foods is dependent on the coding variables used. Individual foods consumed simultaneously, like coffee with milk, are given codes to identify these combinations. Our literature review revealed a lack of discussion about using combination codes in analysis. The present study identified foods consumed at mealtimes and by race when combination codes were or were not utilized. Duplicate analysis methods were performed on separate data sets. The original data set consisted of all foods reported; each food was coded as if it was consumed individually. The revised data set was derived from the original data set by first isolating coded foods consumed as individual items from those foods consumed simultaneously and assigning a code to designate a combination. Foods assigned a combination code, like pancakes with syrup, were aggregated and associated with a food group, defined by the major food component (i.e. pancakes), and then appended to the isolated coded foods. Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. African-American and White adults with two dietary recalls (n 2177). Differences existed in lists of foods most frequently consumed by mealtime and race when comparing results based on original and revised data sets. African Americans reported consumption of sausage/luncheon meat and poultry, while ready-to-eat cereals and cakes/doughnuts/pastries were reported by Whites on recalls. Use of combination codes provided more accurate representation of how foods were consumed by populations. This information is beneficial when creating interventions and exploring diet-health relationships.

Neural Coding Mechanisms in Gustation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-15

world is composed of four primary tastes ( sweet , sour, salty , and bitter), and that each of these is carried by a separate and private neural line, thus...ted sweet -sour- salty -bitter types. The mathematical method of analysis was hierarchical cluster analysis based on the responses of many neurons (20 to...block number) Taste Neural coding Neural organization Stimulus organization Olfaction AB TRACT M~ea -i .rvm~ .1* N necffas and idmatity by block mmnbwc

Weighing Evidence: The Design and Comparison of Probability Thought Experiments.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-06-01

ics and Other Logical Essays, R. G. Braithwaite (ed.), Routledge and Kegan Paul. Richardson, H. R., and Stone, L. D.: 1971, ’Operations analysis...Systems Department ONR Detachment Code 35 1030 East Green Street Naval Underwater Systems Center Pasadena, CA 91106 Newport, RI 02840 CDR James Offutt...Officer-in-Charge Human Factors Department ONR Detachment Code N-71 1030 East Green Street Naval Training Equipment Center Pasadena, CA 91106 Orlando

Cognitive Evaluation Theory: An Experimental Test of Processes and Outcomes.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-26

ICONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12. REPORT DATE Organizational Effectiveness Research Program June 26, 1981 Office of Naval Research (Code 452) 13. NUMBER...frame- work for explaining the detrimental effects of performance contingent rewards on intrinsically motivated behaviors. A review of the literature...part by the Organizational Effectiveness RMzarch Program, Office of Naval Research (Code 452), under Contract No. N0014-79-C-O750i NR 170-892 with Dr

Automatic removal of cosmic ray signatures in Deep Impact images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ipatov, S. I.; A'Hearn, M. F.; Klaasen, K. P.

The results of recognition of cosmic ray (CR) signatures on single images made during the Deep Impact mission were analyzed for several codes written by several authors. For automatic removal of CR signatures on many images, we suggest using the code imgclean ( http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/volume/didoc_0001/document/calibration_software/dical_v5/) written by E. Deutsch as other codes considered do not work properly automatically with a large number of images and do not run to completion for some images; however, other codes can be better for analysis of certain specific images. Sometimes imgclean detects false CR signatures near the edge of a comet nucleus, and it often does not recognize all pixels of long CR signatures. Our code rmcr is the only code among those considered that allows one to work with raw images. For most visual images made during low solar activity at exposure time t > 4 s, the number of clusters of bright pixels on an image per second per sq. cm of CCD was about 2-4, both for dark and normal sky images. At high solar activity, it sometimes exceeded 10. The ratio of the number of CR signatures consisting of n pixels obtained at high solar activity to that at low solar activity was greater for greater n. The number of clusters detected as CR signatures on a single infrared image is by at least a factor of several greater than the actual number of CR signatures; the number of clusters based on analysis of two successive dark infrared frames is in agreement with an expected number of CR signatures. Some glitches of false CR signatures include bright pixels repeatedly present on different infrared images. Our interactive code imr allows a user to choose the regions on a considered image where glitches detected by imgclean as CR signatures are ignored. In other regions chosen by the user, the brightness of some pixels is replaced by the local median brightness if the brightness of these pixels is greater by some factor than the median brightness. The interactive code allows one to delete long CR signatures and prevents removal of false CR signatures near the edge of the nucleus of the comet. The interactive code can be applied to editing any digital images. Results obtained can be used for other missions to comets.

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) profiling tests as diagnostic support for schizophrenia and adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

PubMed

Juselius Baghdassarian, Eva; Nilsson Markhed, Maria; Lindström, Eva; Nilsson, Björn M; Lewander, Tommy

2018-06-01

To evaluate the performances of two auditory brainstem response (ABR) profiling tests as potential biomarkers and diagnostic support for schizophrenia and adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), respectively, in an investigator-initiated blinded study design. Male and female patients with schizophrenia (n=26) and adult ADHD (n=24) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM IV) diagnostic criteria and healthy controls (n=58) comprised the analysis set (n=108) of the total number of study participants (n=119). Coded sets of randomized ABR recordings were analysed by an independent party blinded to clinical diagnoses before a joint code-breaking session. The ABR profiling test for schizophrenia identified schizophrenia patients versus controls with a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 93.1%. The ADHD test identified patients with adult ADHD versus controls with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 91.4%. The ABR profiling tests discriminated schizophrenia and ADHD versus healthy controls with high sensitivity and specificity. The methods deserve to be further explored in larger clinical studies including a broad range of psychiatric disorders to determine their utility as potential diagnostic biomarkers.

Density Functional O(N) Calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ordejón, Pablo

1998-03-01

We have developed a scheme for performing Density Functional Theory calculations with O(N) scaling.(P. Ordejón, E. Artacho and J. M. Soler, Phys. Rev. B, 53), 10441 (1996) The method uses arbitrarily flexible and complete Atomic Orbitals (AO) basis sets. This gives a wide range of choice, from extremely fast calculations with minimal basis sets, to greatly accurate calculations with complete sets. The size-efficiency of AO bases, together with the O(N) scaling of the algorithm, allow the application of the method to systems with many hundreds of atoms, in single processor workstations. I will present the SIESTA code,(D. Sanchez-Portal, P. Ordejón, E. Artacho and J. M. Soler, Int. J. Quantum Chem., 65), 453 (1997) in which the method is implemented, with several LDA, LSD and GGA functionals available, and using norm-conserving, non-local pseudopotentials (in the Kleinman-Bylander form) to eliminate the core electrons. The calculation of static properties such as energies, forces, pressure, stress and magnetic moments, as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations capabilities (including variable cell shape, constant temperature and constant pressure MD) are fully implemented. I will also show examples of the accuracy of the method, and applications to large-scale materials and biomolecular systems.

Spatiotemporal coding of inputs for a system of globally coupled phase oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wordsworth, John; Ashwin, Peter

2008-12-01

We investigate the spatiotemporal coding of low amplitude inputs to a simple system of globally coupled phase oscillators with coupling function g(ϕ)=-sin(ϕ+α)+rsin(2ϕ+β) that has robust heteroclinic cycles (slow switching between cluster states). The inputs correspond to detuning of the oscillators. It was recently noted that globally coupled phase oscillators can encode their frequencies in the form of spatiotemporal codes of a sequence of cluster states [P. Ashwin, G. Orosz, J. Wordsworth, and S. Townley, SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst. 6, 728 (2007)]. Concentrating on the case of N=5 oscillators we show in detail how the spatiotemporal coding can be used to resolve all of the information that relates the individual inputs to each other, providing that a long enough time series is considered. We investigate robustness to the addition of noise and find a remarkable stability, especially of the temporal coding, to the addition of noise even for noise of a comparable magnitude to the inputs.

Multi-level of Fidelity Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization of Small, Solid-Propellant Launch Vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roshanian, Jafar; Jodei, Jahangir; Mirshams, Mehran; Ebrahimi, Reza; Mirzaee, Masood

A new automated multi-level of fidelity Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) methodology has been developed at the MDO Laboratory of K.N. Toosi University of Technology. This paper explains a new design approach by formulation of developed disciplinary modules. A conceptual design for a small, solid-propellant launch vehicle was considered at two levels of fidelity structure. Low and medium level of fidelity disciplinary codes were developed and linked. Appropriate design and analysis codes were defined according to their effect on the conceptual design process. Simultaneous optimization of the launch vehicle was performed at the discipline level and system level. Propulsion, aerodynamics, structure and trajectory disciplinary codes were used. To reach the minimum launch weight, the Low LoF code first searches the whole design space to achieve the mission requirements. Then the medium LoF code receives the output of the low LoF and gives a value near the optimum launch weight with more details and higher fidelity.

A new code for modelling the near field diffusion releases from the final disposal of nuclear waste

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vopálka, D.; Vokál, A.

2003-01-01

The canisters with spent nuclear fuel produced during the operation of WWER reactors at the Czech power plants are planned, like in other countries, to be disposed of in an underground repository. Canisters will be surrounded by compacted bentonite that will retard the migration of safety-relevant radionuclides into the host rock. A new code that enables the modelling of the critical radionuclides transport from the canister through the bentonite layer in the cylindrical geometry was developed. The code enables to solve the diffusion equation for various types of initial and boundary conditions by means of the finite difference method and to take into account the non-linear shape of the sorption isotherm. A comparison of the code reported here with code PAGODA, which is based on analytical solution of the transport equation, was made for the actinide chain 4N+3 that includes 239Pu. A simple parametric study of the releases of 239Pu, 129I, and 14C into geosphere is discussed.

Direct observation of mother-child communication in pediatric cancer: assessment of verbal and non-verbal behavior and emotion.

PubMed

Dunn, Madeleine J; Rodriguez, Erin M; Miller, Kimberly S; Gerhardt, Cynthia A; Vannatta, Kathryn; Saylor, Megan; Scheule, C Melanie; Compas, Bruce E

2011-06-01

To examine the acceptability and feasibility of coding observed verbal and nonverbal behavioral and emotional components of mother-child communication among families of children with cancer. Mother-child dyads (N=33, children ages 5-17 years) were asked to engage in a videotaped 15-min conversation about the child's cancer. Coding was done using the Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scale (IFIRS). Acceptability and feasibility of direct observation in this population were partially supported: 58% consented and 81% of those (47% of all eligible dyads) completed the task; trained raters achieved 78% agreement in ratings across codes. The construct validity of the IFIRS was demonstrated by expected associations within and between positive and negative behavioral/emotional code ratings and between mothers' and children's corresponding code ratings. Direct observation of mother-child communication about childhood cancer has the potential to be an acceptable and feasible method of assessing verbal and nonverbal behavior and emotion in this population.

MCNP capabilities for nuclear well logging calculations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Forster, R.A.; Little, R.C.; Briesmeister, J.F.

The Los Alamos Radiation Transport Code System (LARTCS) consists of state-of-the-art Monte Carlo and discrete ordinates transport codes and data libraries. This paper discusses how the general-purpose continuous-energy Monte Carlo code MCNP ({und M}onte {und C}arlo {und n}eutron {und p}hoton), part of the LARTCS, provides a computational predictive capability for many applications of interest to the nuclear well logging community. The generalized three-dimensional geometry of MCNP is well suited for borehole-tool models. SABRINA, another component of the LARTCS, is a graphics code that can be used to interactively create a complex MCNP geometry. Users can define many source and tallymore » characteristics with standard MCNP features. The time-dependent capability of the code is essential when modeling pulsed sources. Problems with neutrons, photons, and electrons as either single particle or coupled particles can be calculated with MCNP. The physics of neutron and photon transport and interactions is modeled in detail using the latest available cross-section data.« less

Variable Coding and Modulation Experiment Using NASA's Space Communication and Navigation Testbed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Downey, Joseph A.; Mortensen, Dale J.; Evans, Michael A.; Tollis, Nicholas S.

2016-01-01

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Space Communication and Navigation Testbed on the International Space Station provides a unique opportunity to evaluate advanced communication techniques in an operational system. The experimental nature of the Testbed allows for rapid demonstrations while using flight hardware in a deployed system within NASA's networks. One example is variable coding and modulation, which is a method to increase data-throughput in a communication link. This paper describes recent flight testing with variable coding and modulation over S-band using a direct-to-earth link between the SCaN Testbed and the Glenn Research Center. The testing leverages the established Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation (DVB-S2) standard to provide various modulation and coding options. The experiment was conducted in a challenging environment due to the multipath and shadowing caused by the International Space Station structure. Performance of the variable coding and modulation system is evaluated and compared to the capacity of the link, as well as standard NASA waveforms.

On the error probability of general tree and trellis codes with applications to sequential decoding

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johannesson, R.

1973-01-01

An upper bound on the average error probability for maximum-likelihood decoding of the ensemble of random binary tree codes is derived and shown to be independent of the length of the tree. An upper bound on the average error probability for maximum-likelihood decoding of the ensemble of random L-branch binary trellis codes of rate R = 1/n is derived which separates the effects of the tail length T and the memory length M of the code. It is shown that the bound is independent of the length L of the information sequence. This implication is investigated by computer simulations of sequential decoding utilizing the stack algorithm. These simulations confirm the implication and further suggest an empirical formula for the true undetected decoding error probability with sequential decoding.

Efficient Modeling of Laser-Plasma Accelerators with INF&RNO

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benedetti, C.; Schroeder, C. B.; Esarey, E.

2010-06-01

The numerical modeling code INF&RNO (INtegrated Fluid& paRticle simulatioN cOde, pronounced"inferno") is presented. INF&RNO is an efficient 2D cylindrical code to model the interaction of a short laser pulse with an underdense plasma. The code is based on an envelope model for the laser while either a PIC or a fluid description can be used for the plasma. The effect of the laser pulse on the plasma is modeled with the time-averaged poderomotive force. These and other features allow for a speedup of 2-4 orders of magnitude compared to standard full PIC simulations while still retaining physical fidelity. The codemore » has been benchmarked against analytical solutions and 3D PIC simulations and here a set of validation tests together with a discussion of the performances are presented.« less

The Impact of Satellite Time Group Delay and Inter-Frequency Differential Code Bias Corrections on Multi-GNSS Combined Positioning

PubMed Central

Ge, Yulong; Zhou, Feng; Sun, Baoqi; Wang, Shengli; Shi, Bo

2017-01-01

We present quad-constellation (namely, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo) time group delay (TGD) and differential code bias (DCB) correction models to fully exploit the code observations of all the four global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for navigation and positioning. The relationship between TGDs and DCBs for multi-GNSS is clearly figured out, and the equivalence of TGD and DCB correction models combining theory with practice is demonstrated. Meanwhile, the TGD/DCB correction models have been extended to various standard point positioning (SPP) and precise point positioning (PPP) scenarios in a multi-GNSS and multi-frequency context. To evaluate the effectiveness and practicability of broadcast TGDs in the navigation message and DCBs provided by the Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX), both single-frequency GNSS ionosphere-corrected SPP and dual-frequency GNSS ionosphere-free SPP/PPP tests are carried out with quad-constellation signals. Furthermore, the author investigates the influence of differential code biases on GNSS positioning estimates. The experiments show that multi-constellation combination SPP performs better after DCB/TGD correction, for example, for GPS-only b1-based SPP, the positioning accuracies can be improved by 25.0%, 30.6% and 26.7%, respectively, in the N, E, and U components, after the differential code biases correction, while GPS/GLONASS/BDS b1-based SPP can be improved by 16.1%, 26.1% and 9.9%. For GPS/BDS/Galileo the 3rd frequency based SPP, the positioning accuracies are improved by 2.0%, 2.0% and 0.4%, respectively, in the N, E, and U components, after Galileo satellites DCB correction. The accuracy of Galileo-only b1-based SPP are improved about 48.6%, 34.7% and 40.6% with DCB correction, respectively, in the N, E, and U components. The estimates of multi-constellation PPP are subject to different degrees of influence. For multi-constellation combination SPP, the accuracy of single-frequency is slightly better than that of dual-frequency combinations. Dual-frequency combinations are more sensitive to the differential code biases, especially for the 2nd and 3rd frequency combination, such as for GPS/BDS SPP, accuracy improvements of 60.9%, 26.5% and 58.8% in the three coordinate components is achieved after DCB parameters correction. For multi-constellation PPP, the convergence time can be reduced significantly with differential code biases correction. And the accuracy of positioning is slightly better with TGD/DCB correction. PMID:28300787

The Impact of Satellite Time Group Delay and Inter-Frequency Differential Code Bias Corrections on Multi-GNSS Combined Positioning.

PubMed

Ge, Yulong; Zhou, Feng; Sun, Baoqi; Wang, Shengli; Shi, Bo

2017-03-16

We present quad-constellation (namely, GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou and Galileo) time group delay (TGD) and differential code bias (DCB) correction models to fully exploit the code observations of all the four global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for navigation and positioning. The relationship between TGDs and DCBs for multi-GNSS is clearly figured out, and the equivalence of TGD and DCB correction models combining theory with practice is demonstrated. Meanwhile, the TGD/DCB correction models have been extended to various standard point positioning (SPP) and precise point positioning (PPP) scenarios in a multi-GNSS and multi-frequency context. To evaluate the effectiveness and practicability of broadcast TGDs in the navigation message and DCBs provided by the Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX), both single-frequency GNSS ionosphere-corrected SPP and dual-frequency GNSS ionosphere-free SPP/PPP tests are carried out with quad-constellation signals. Furthermore, the author investigates the influence of differential code biases on GNSS positioning estimates. The experiments show that multi-constellation combination SPP performs better after DCB/TGD correction, for example, for GPS-only b1-based SPP, the positioning accuracies can be improved by 25.0%, 30.6% and 26.7%, respectively, in the N, E, and U components, after the differential code biases correction, while GPS/GLONASS/BDS b1-based SPP can be improved by 16.1%, 26.1% and 9.9%. For GPS/BDS/Galileo the 3rd frequency based SPP, the positioning accuracies are improved by 2.0%, 2.0% and 0.4%, respectively, in the N, E, and U components, after Galileo satellites DCB correction. The accuracy of Galileo-only b1-based SPP are improved about 48.6%, 34.7% and 40.6% with DCB correction, respectively, in the N, E, and U components. The estimates of multi-constellation PPP are subject to different degrees of influence. For multi-constellation combination SPP, the accuracy of single-frequency is slightly better than that of dual-frequency combinations. Dual-frequency combinations are more sensitive to the differential code biases, especially for the 2nd and 3rd frequency combination, such as for GPS/BDS SPP, accuracy improvements of 60.9%, 26.5% and 58.8% in the three coordinate components is achieved after DCB parameters correction. For multi-constellation PPP, the convergence time can be reduced significantly with differential code biases correction. And the accuracy of positioning is slightly better with TGD/DCB correction.

Properties of Multiphase Polyurethane Systems.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-01

segment - diphenylmethane-diisocyanate/ N - methyldiethanolamine (MDI/ MDEA ). Each polymer was synthesized using a two step reaction technique. The number...OF MULTIPHASE POLYURETHANE SYSTEMS Final Report for Period July 1, 1982-June 30, 1983 Naval Air Systems Command Code 5304 C2 ONavy Contract # N 00019...and COB, UA groups. The existence of 3-dimensional hydrogen bonding (two C-O groups bonded to one N -H group) should shift the COB,UA peak to lower

Relativistic initial conditions for N-body simulations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fidler, Christian; Tram, Thomas; Crittenden, Robert

2017-06-01

Initial conditions for (Newtonian) cosmological N-body simulations are usually set by re-scaling the present-day power spectrum obtained from linear (relativistic) Boltzmann codes to the desired initial redshift of the simulation. This back-scaling method can account for the effect of inhomogeneous residual thermal radiation at early times, which is absent in the Newtonian simulations. We analyse this procedure from a fully relativistic perspective, employing the recently-proposed Newtonian motion gauge framework. We find that N-body simulations for ΛCDM cosmology starting from back-scaled initial conditions can be self-consistently embedded in a relativistic space-time with first-order metric potentials calculated using a linear Boltzmann code.more » This space-time coincides with a simple ''N-body gauge'' for z < 50 for all observable modes. Care must be taken, however, when simulating non-standard cosmologies. As an example, we analyse the back-scaling method in a cosmology with decaying dark matter, and show that metric perturbations become large at early times in the back-scaling approach, indicating a breakdown of the perturbative description. We suggest a suitable ''forwards approach' for such cases.« less

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Analytical model for irradiated atmospheres (Parmentier+, 2014)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parmentier, V.; Guillot, G.

2013-11-01

The model have six parameters to describe the opacities: - Kappa(N) is the Rosseland mean opacity at each levels of the atmosphere it does not have to be constant with depth - Gp is the ratio of the thermal Plank mean opacity to the thermal Rosseland mean opacity - Beta is the width ratio of the two thermal bands in the frequency space - Gv1 is the ratio of the visible opacity in the first visible band to the thermal Rosseland mean opacity - Gv2 is the ratio of the visible opacity in the second visible band to the thermal Rosseland mean opacity - Betav is the width ratio of the two visible band in the frequency space Additional parameters describe the physical setting: - Tirr is the irradiation temperature, given by the stellar flux - mu is the angle between the vertical direction and the stellar direction - Tint is the internal temperature, given by the internal luminosity - P(i) are the pressure levels where the temperature is computed - grav is the gravity of the planet - N is the number of atmospheric levels The code and all the outputs uses SI units. Installation and use : to install the code use the command "make". The input parameters must be changed inside the file PaperI.f90. It is necessary to compile the code again each time. The subroutine Tprofile.f90 can be directly implemented into one's code. To launch the code, launch the executable file NonGrey. The output is in the file PTprofile.csv (4 data files).

EASY-II Renaissance: n, p, d, α, γ-induced Inventory Code System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sublet, J.-Ch.; Eastwood, J. W.; Morgan, J. G.

2014-04-01

The European Activation SYstem has been re-engineered and re-written in modern programming languages so as to answer today's and tomorrow's needs in terms of activation, transmutation, depletion, decay and processing of radioactive materials. The new FISPACT-II inventory code development project has allowed us to embed many more features in terms of energy range: up to GeV; incident particles: alpha, gamma, proton, deuteron and neutron; and neutron physics: self-shielding effects, temperature dependence and covariance, so as to cover all anticipated application needs: nuclear fission and fusion, accelerator physics, isotope production, stockpile and fuel cycle stewardship, materials characterization and life, and storage cycle management. In parallel, the maturity of modern, truly general purpose libraries encompassing thousands of target isotopes such as TENDL-2012, the evolution of the ENDF-6 format and the capabilities of the latest generation of processing codes PREPRO, NJOY and CALENDF have allowed the activation code to be fed with more robust, complete and appropriate data: cross sections with covariance, probability tables in the resonance ranges, kerma, dpa, gas and radionuclide production and 24 decay types. All such data for the five most important incident particles (n, p, d, α, γ), are placed in evaluated data files up to an incident energy of 200 MeV. The resulting code system, EASY-II is designed as a functional replacement for the previous European Activation System, EASY-2010. It includes many new features and enhancements, but also benefits already from the feedback from extensive validation and verification activities performed with its predecessor.

Structured Set Intra Prediction With Discriminative Learning in a Max-Margin Markov Network for High Efficiency Video Coding

PubMed Central

Dai, Wenrui; Xiong, Hongkai; Jiang, Xiaoqian; Chen, Chang Wen

2014-01-01

This paper proposes a novel model on intra coding for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), which simultaneously predicts blocks of pixels with optimal rate distortion. It utilizes the spatial statistical correlation for the optimal prediction based on 2-D contexts, in addition to formulating the data-driven structural interdependences to make the prediction error coherent with the probability distribution, which is desirable for successful transform and coding. The structured set prediction model incorporates a max-margin Markov network (M3N) to regulate and optimize multiple block predictions. The model parameters are learned by discriminating the actual pixel value from other possible estimates to maximize the margin (i.e., decision boundary bandwidth). Compared to existing methods that focus on minimizing prediction error, the M3N-based model adaptively maintains the coherence for a set of predictions. Specifically, the proposed model concurrently optimizes a set of predictions by associating the loss for individual blocks to the joint distribution of succeeding discrete cosine transform coefficients. When the sample size grows, the prediction error is asymptotically upper bounded by the training error under the decomposable loss function. As an internal step, we optimize the underlying Markov network structure to find states that achieve the maximal energy using expectation propagation. For validation, we integrate the proposed model into HEVC for optimal mode selection on rate-distortion optimization. The proposed prediction model obtains up to 2.85% bit rate reduction and achieves better visual quality in comparison to the HEVC intra coding. PMID:25505829

Mining Peripheral Arterial Disease Cases from Narrative Clinical Notes Using Natural Language Processing

PubMed Central

Afzal, Naveed; Sohn, Sunghwan; Abram, Sara; Scott, Christopher G.; Chaudhry, Rajeev; Liu, Hongfang; Kullo, Iftikhar J.; Arruda-Olson, Adelaide M.

2016-01-01

Objective Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is highly prevalent and affects millions of individuals worldwide. We developed a natural language processing (NLP) system for automated ascertainment of PAD cases from clinical narrative notes and compared the performance of the NLP algorithm to billing code algorithms, using ankle-brachial index (ABI) test results as the gold standard. Methods We compared the performance of the NLP algorithm to 1) results of gold standard ABI; 2) previously validated algorithms based on relevant ICD-9 diagnostic codes (simple model) and 3) a combination of ICD-9 codes with procedural codes (full model). A dataset of 1,569 PAD patients and controls was randomly divided into training (n= 935) and testing (n= 634) subsets. Results We iteratively refined the NLP algorithm in the training set including narrative note sections, note types and service types, to maximize its accuracy. In the testing dataset, when compared with both simple and full models, the NLP algorithm had better accuracy (NLP: 91.8%, full model: 81.8%, simple model: 83%, P<.001), PPV (NLP: 92.9%, full model: 74.3%, simple model: 79.9%, P<.001), and specificity (NLP: 92.5%, full model: 64.2%, simple model: 75.9%, P<.001). Conclusions A knowledge-driven NLP algorithm for automatic ascertainment of PAD cases from clinical notes had greater accuracy than billing code algorithms. Our findings highlight the potential of NLP tools for rapid and efficient ascertainment of PAD cases from electronic health records to facilitate clinical investigation and eventually improve care by clinical decision support. PMID:28189359

Random access codes and nonlocal resources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chaturvedi, Anubhav; Pawlowski, Marcin; Horodecki, Karol

2017-08-01

This work explores the notion of inter-convertibility between a cryptographic primitive: the random access code (RAC) and bipartite no-signaling nonlocal resources. To this end we introduce two generalizations of the Popescu-Rohrlich box (PR) and investigate their relation with the corresponding RACs. The first generalization is based on the number of Alice's input bits; we refer to it as the Bn-box. We show that the no-signaling condition imposes an equivalence between the Bn-box and the (n →1 ) RAC (encoding of n input bits to 1 bit of message). As an application we show that (n -1 ) PRs supplemented with one bit communication are necessary and sufficient to win a (n →1 ) RAC with certainty. Furthermore, we present a signaling instant of a perfectly working (n →1 ) RAC which cannot simulate the Bn-box, thus showing that it is weaker than its no-signaling counterpart. For the second generalization we replace Alice's input bits with d its (d -leveled classical systems); we call this the Bnd-box. In this case the no-signaling condition is not enough to enforce an equivalence between the Bnd-box and (n →1 ,d ) RAC (encoding of n input d its to 1 d it of message); i.e., while the Bnd-box can win a (n →1 ,d ) RAC with certainty, not all no-signaling instances of a (n →1 ,d ) RAC can simulate the Bnd-box. We use resource inequalities to quantitatively capture these results.

On the Existence of t-Identifying Codes in Undirected De Bruijn Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-04

remaining cases remain open. Additionally, we show that the eccentricity of the undirected non-binary de Bruijn graph is n. 15. SUBJECT TERMS...Additionally, we show that the eccentricity of the undirected non-binary de Bruijn graph is n. 1 Introduction and Background Let x ∈ V (G), and...we must have d(y, x) = n + 2. In other words, Theorem 2.5 tells us the eccentricity of every node in the graph B(d, n) is n for d ≥ 3, and so the

Study of Background Radiance in Upper Atmosphere.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

hN2),NE=1,% FANc ) jSET=N A C CC 84C J=19,SET NFC=LEC ( J) N 1M0 C(N E C IQ 000, 0 CC 60E N2=19!At 700 FCRMA(I14A.18HEtNC NC.,I?!’ 7PLA Ce 6 ?PTVrqC M,.X...CHTAB DATA TABLE FOR CHAR GEN ADD A I OFFSET=CODE*02 JNC ADOFF INX H ADOFF EQU I ADD L " A CONTAINS OFFSET JNC G SFG I OHL POINTS INTO CHTAB INR H GTSEG

Local unitary representation of braids and N-qubit entanglements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Li-Wei

2018-03-01

In this paper, by utilizing the idea of stabilizer codes, we give some relationships between one local unitary representation of braid group in N-qubit tensor space and the corresponding entanglement properties of the N-qubit pure state |Ψ >, where the N-qubit state |Ψ > is obtained by applying the braiding operation on the natural basis. Specifically, we show that the separability of |Ψ > =B|0> ^{⊗ N} is closely related to the diagrammatic version of the braid operator B. This may provide us more insights about the topological entanglement and quantum entanglement.

Functional Identification and Structure Determination of Two Novel Prolidases from cog1228 in the Amidohydrolase Superfamily

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xiang, Dao Feng; Patskovsky, Yury; Xu, Chengfu

2010-12-07

Two uncharacterized enzymes from the amidohydrolase superfamily belonging to cog1228 were cloned, expressed, and purified to homogeneity. The two proteins, Sgx9260c (gi|44242006) and Sgx9260b (gi|44479596), were derived from environmental DNA samples originating from the Sargasso Sea. The catalytic function and substrate profiles for Sgx9260c and Sgx9260b were determined using a comprehensive library of dipeptides and N-acyl derivative of L-amino acids. Sgx9260c catalyzes the hydrolysis of Gly-L-Pro, L-Ala-L-Pro, and N-acyl derivatives of L-Pro. The best substrate identified to date is N-acetyl-L-Pro with a value of k{sub cat}/K{sub m} of 3 x 10{sup 5} M{sup -1} s{sup -1}. Sgx9260b catalyzes the hydrolysismore » of L-hydrophobic L-Pro dipeptides and N-acyl derivatives of L-Pro. The best substrate identified to date is N-propionyl-L-Pro with a value of k{sub cat}/K{sub m} of 1 x 10{sup 5} M{sup -1} s{sup -1}. Three-dimensional structures of both proteins were determined by X-ray diffraction methods (PDB codes 3MKV and 3FEQ). These proteins fold as distorted ({beta}/{alpha})8-barrels with two divalent cations in the active site. The structure of Sgx9260c was also determined as a complex with the N-methylphosphonate derivative of L-Pro (PDB code 3N2C). In this structure the phosphonate moiety bridges the binuclear metal center, and one oxygen atom interacts with His-140. The {alpha}-carboxylate of the inhibitor interacts with Tyr-231. The proline side chain occupies a small substrate binding cavity formed by residues contributed from the loop that follows {beta}-strand 7 within the ({beta}/{alpha})8-barrel. A total of 38 other proteins from cog1228 are predicted to have the same substrate profile based on conservation of the substrate binding residues. The structure of an evolutionarily related protein, Cc2672 from Caulobacter crecentus, was determined as a complex with the N-methylphosphonate derivative of L-arginine (PDB code 3MTW).« less

DFT applied to the study of carbon-doped zinc-blende (cubic) GaN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Espitia R, M. J.; Ortega-López, C.; Rodríguez Martínez, J. A.

2016-08-01

Employing first principles within the framework of density functional theory, the structural properties, electronic structure, and magnetism of C-doped zincblende (cubic) GaN were investigated. The calculations were carried out using the pseudopotential method, employed exactly as implemented in Quantum ESPRESSO code. For GaC0.0625N0.9375 concentration, a metallic behavior was found. This metallic property comes from the hybridization and polarization of C-2p states and their neighboring N-2p and G-4p states.

Design of a Microprogram Control Unit with Concurrent Error Detection.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-08-01

I fxoot Office of Naval Research N/A N00039-80-C-0556 ta. ADDRESS (City. St.. and ZIP Cod 10. SOURCE OF FUNOING N0. -PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT...However, the CED concept is mainly applied to various codes data transmission, and simple functional units, such as arithmetic units. Little work has...been done in the control unit area. Previous work is primarily in the use of clanical self-checking circuits, using bit slicin& parity, and m-out-of-n

Government Beta: The Value of Unscripted Testing

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-26

vs . Progress The Contract and Award Fee Plan Final Thoughts 1 GOVERNMENT BETA – The Value of Unscripted Testing 2...D a t a b a s e Database Layer C/C++ SQL OS Layer Presentation / Mission Layer F u n c t i o n a l D L L Application/Controller F u n c t i o n a l...Testing 20 Unscripted, not Unplanned 21 IEEE 12207 22 CUT DD MLT ELT SLT IST RTO , OUE Architecture Based DesignTM Detailed Design Code & Unit

Total Ionizing Dose Test of Microsemi's Silicon Switching Transistors JANTXV2N2222AUB and 2N2907AUB

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Campola, M.; Freeman, B.; Yau, K.

2017-01-01

Microsemi's silicon switching transistors, JANTXV2N2222AUB and 2N2907AUB, were tested for total ionizing dose (TID) response beginning on July 11, 2016. This test served as the radiation lot acceptance test (RLAT) for the lot date code (LDC) tested. Low dose rate (LDR) irradiations were performed in this test so that the device susceptibility to enhanced low dose rate sensitivity (ELDRS) could be determined.

Design optimization of beta- and photovoltaic conversion devices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wichner, R.; Blum, A.; Fischer-Colbrie, E.

1976-01-08

This report presents the theoretical and experimental results of an LLL Electronics Engineering research program aimed at optimizing the design and electronic-material parameters of beta- and photovoltaic p-n junction conversion devices. To meet this objective, a comprehensive computer code has been developed that can handle a broad range of practical conditions. The physical model upon which the code is based is described first. Then, an example is given of a set of optimization calculations along with the resulting optimized efficiencies for silicon (Si) and gallium-arsenide (GaAs) devices. The model we have developed, however, is not limited to these materials. Itmore » can handle any appropriate material--single or polycrystalline-- provided energy absorption and electron-transport data are available. To check code validity, the performance of experimental silicon p-n junction devices (produced in-house) were measured under various light intensities and spectra as well as under tritium beta irradiation. The results of these tests were then compared with predicted results based on the known or best estimated device parameters. The comparison showed very good agreement between the calculated and the measured results.« less

[Study on the indexes of forensic identification by the occlusal-facial digital radiology].

PubMed

Gao, Dong; Wang, Hu; Hu, Jin-liang; Xu, Zhe; Deng, Zhen-hua

2006-02-01

To discuss the coding of full dentition with 32 locations and measure the characteristics of some bony indexes in occlusal-facial digital radiology (DR). To select randomly three hundred DR orthopantomogram and code the full dentition, then analyze the diversity of dental patterns. To select randomly one hundred DR lateral cephalogram and measure six indexes (N-S,N-Me,Cd-Gn,Cd-Go,NP-SN,MP-SN) separately by one odontologist and one trained forensic graduate student, then calculate the coefficient variation (CV) of every index and take a correlation analysis for the consistency between two measurements. (1) The total diversity of 300 dental patterns was 75%.It was a very high value. (2)All six quantitative variables had comparatively high CV value.(3) After the linear correlation analysis between two measurements, all six coefficient correlations were close to 1. This indicated that the measurements were stable and consistent. The method of coding full dentition in DR orthopantomogram and measuring six bony indexes in DR lateral cephalogram can be used to forensic identification.

LDPC Codes with Minimum Distance Proportional to Block Size

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Divsalar, Dariush; Jones, Christopher; Dolinar, Samuel; Thorpe, Jeremy

2009-01-01

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes characterized by minimum Hamming distances proportional to block sizes have been demonstrated. Like the codes mentioned in the immediately preceding article, the present codes are error-correcting codes suitable for use in a variety of wireless data-communication systems that include noisy channels. The previously mentioned codes have low decoding thresholds and reasonably low error floors. However, the minimum Hamming distances of those codes do not grow linearly with code-block sizes. Codes that have this minimum-distance property exhibit very low error floors. Examples of such codes include regular LDPC codes with variable degrees of at least 3. Unfortunately, the decoding thresholds of regular LDPC codes are high. Hence, there is a need for LDPC codes characterized by both low decoding thresholds and, in order to obtain acceptably low error floors, minimum Hamming distances that are proportional to code-block sizes. The present codes were developed to satisfy this need. The minimum Hamming distances of the present codes have been shown, through consideration of ensemble-average weight enumerators, to be proportional to code block sizes. As in the cases of irregular ensembles, the properties of these codes are sensitive to the proportion of degree-2 variable nodes. A code having too few such nodes tends to have an iterative decoding threshold that is far from the capacity threshold. A code having too many such nodes tends not to exhibit a minimum distance that is proportional to block size. Results of computational simulations have shown that the decoding thresholds of codes of the present type are lower than those of regular LDPC codes. Included in the simulations were a few examples from a family of codes characterized by rates ranging from low to high and by thresholds that adhere closely to their respective channel capacity thresholds; the simulation results from these examples showed that the codes in question have low error floors as well as low decoding thresholds. As an example, the illustration shows the protograph (which represents the blueprint for overall construction) of one proposed code family for code rates greater than or equal to 1.2. Any size LDPC code can be obtained by copying the protograph structure N times, then permuting the edges. The illustration also provides Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) hardware performance simulations for this code family. In addition, the illustration provides minimum signal-to-noise ratios (Eb/No) in decibels (decoding thresholds) to achieve zero error rates as the code block size goes to infinity for various code rates. In comparison with the codes mentioned in the preceding article, these codes have slightly higher decoding thresholds.

Uncoupling cis-Acting RNA Elements from Coding Sequences Revealed a Requirement of the N-Terminal Region of Dengue Virus Capsid Protein in Virus Particle Formation

PubMed Central

Samsa, Marcelo M.; Mondotte, Juan A.; Caramelo, Julio J.

2012-01-01

Little is known about the mechanism of flavivirus genome encapsidation. Here, functional elements of the dengue virus (DENV) capsid (C) protein were investigated. Study of the N-terminal region of DENV C has been limited by the presence of overlapping cis-acting RNA elements within the protein-coding region. To dissociate these two functions, we used a recombinant DENV RNA with a duplication of essential RNA structures outside the C coding sequence. By the use of this system, the highly conserved amino acids FNML, which are encoded in the RNA cyclization sequence 5′CS, were found to be dispensable for C function. In contrast, deletion of the N-terminal 18 amino acids of C impaired DENV particle formation. Two clusters of basic residues (R5-K6-K7-R9 and K17-R18-R20-R22) were identified as important. A systematic mutational analysis indicated that a high density of positive charges, rather than particular residues at specific positions, was necessary. Furthermore, a differential requirement of N-terminal sequences of C for viral particle assembly was observed in mosquito and human cells. While no viral particles were observed in human cells with a virus lacking the first 18 residues of C, DENV propagation was detected in mosquito cells, although to a level about 50-fold less than that observed for a wild-type (WT) virus. We conclude that basic residues at the N terminus of C are necessary for efficient particle formation in mosquito cells but that they are crucial for propagation in human cells. This is the first report demonstrating that the N terminus of C plays a role in DENV particle formation. In addition, our results suggest that this function of C is differentially modulated in different host cells. PMID:22072762

The DoD's High Performance Computing Modernization Program - Ensuing the National Earth Systems Prediction Capability Becomes Operational

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burnett, W.

2016-12-01

The Department of Defense's (DoD) High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP) provides high performance computing to address the most significant challenges in computational resources, software application support and nationwide research and engineering networks. Today, the HPCMP has a critical role in ensuring the National Earth System Prediction Capability (N-ESPC) achieves initial operational status in 2019. A 2015 study commissioned by the HPCMP found that N-ESPC computational requirements will exceed interconnect bandwidth capacity due to the additional load from data assimilation and passing connecting data between ensemble codes. Memory bandwidth and I/O bandwidth will continue to be significant bottlenecks for the Navy's Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) scalability - by far the major driver of computing resource requirements in the N-ESPC. The study also found that few of the N-ESPC model developers have detailed plans to ensure their respective codes scale through 2024. Three HPCMP initiatives are designed to directly address and support these issues: Productivity Enhancement, Technology, Transfer and Training (PETTT), the HPCMP Applications Software Initiative (HASI), and Frontier Projects. PETTT supports code conversion by providing assistance, expertise and training in scalable and high-end computing architectures. HASI addresses the continuing need for modern application software that executes effectively and efficiently on next-generation high-performance computers. Frontier Projects enable research and development that could not be achieved using typical HPCMP resources by providing multi-disciplinary teams access to exceptional amounts of high performance computing resources. Finally, the Navy's DoD Supercomputing Resource Center (DSRC) currently operates a 6 Petabyte system, of which Naval Oceanography receives 15% of operational computational system use, or approximately 1 Petabyte of the processing capability. The DSRC will provide the DoD with future computing assets to initially operate the N-ESPC in 2019. This talk will further describe how DoD's HPCMP will ensure N-ESPC becomes operational, efficiently and effectively, using next-generation high performance computing.

International Neural Network Society Annual Meeting (1994) Held in San Diego, California on 5-9 June 1994. Volume 4

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-09

Tuberculosis + Fever - Tuberculosis 1289W M4460 E201Ol F93983 001886 The date coding takes the internal structure of data codification into account...N 1(X+ 1,y1,Z1,N I tN l ) 2Funm dtNi - --tet+ NW N -- aN1 ONN r IV- 126 time.~ ~ ~ ~ Beas 2>p yasmto ,teei oitrcino antcfed ewe , adN ae And the...Cibernetica *Laboratorio de Biofisica Departamento de Fisica, Facultad de Ciencias, Mixico National University (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico , D.F

All Prime Contract Awards by State or Country, Place, and Contractor, FY 84. Part 10 (Alliance, North Carolina - Woodburn, Oregon).

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

Highway, Suite 120 4 Arlington, VA 22202-4302 8a. NAME OF FUNDING iSPONSORING TBb. OFFICE SYMBOL 9 . PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER...CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on if necessary and identity by biock number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP - --- D T 1Q C% 9 ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse it...ZNNCYNNNNNNNNNcl C ci Y YNNNNNNNCY 9 ~- Z N N~ m zN C3 0). N (N NY N N NN N \\ NN N N NN N N N Nm C* . D 0 0 0 0 0 0) (D( ~0 0 CD0LL0 0 0 Q0 00 00 00 0 M W UOoO 0

Nyx: Adaptive mesh, massively-parallel, cosmological simulation code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Almgren, Ann; Beckner, Vince; Friesen, Brian; Lukic, Zarija; Zhang, Weiqun

2017-12-01

Nyx code solves equations of compressible hydrodynamics on an adaptive grid hierarchy coupled with an N-body treatment of dark matter. The gas dynamics in Nyx use a finite volume methodology on an adaptive set of 3-D Eulerian grids; dark matter is represented as discrete particles moving under the influence of gravity. Particles are evolved via a particle-mesh method, using Cloud-in-Cell deposition/interpolation scheme. Both baryonic and dark matter contribute to the gravitational field. In addition, Nyx includes physics for accurately modeling the intergalactic medium; in optically thin limits and assuming ionization equilibrium, the code calculates heating and cooling processes of the primordial-composition gas in an ionizing ultraviolet background radiation field.

Automated error correction in IBM quantum computer and explicit generalization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghosh, Debjit; Agarwal, Pratik; Pandey, Pratyush; Behera, Bikash K.; Panigrahi, Prasanta K.

2018-06-01

Construction of a fault-tolerant quantum computer remains a challenging problem due to unavoidable noise and fragile quantum states. However, this goal can be achieved by introducing quantum error-correcting codes. Here, we experimentally realize an automated error correction code and demonstrate the nondestructive discrimination of GHZ states in IBM 5-qubit quantum computer. After performing quantum state tomography, we obtain the experimental results with a high fidelity. Finally, we generalize the investigated code for maximally entangled n-qudit case, which could both detect and automatically correct any arbitrary phase-change error, or any phase-flip error, or any bit-flip error, or combined error of all types of error.

The Dental Health of Army Family Members: 1987-1988. Volume 1. Introduction and Methods/Characteristics of Study Sample/Dental Treatment Needs

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-07

No (31). HSC Form 539 (OT) (HCSCIA) 1 MAY 87 Page 1 of 4 Pages 43 Use Pencil Only To Record On This Form DMFS PERIO SURFACES N C MEASUREMENTS PERIOTX...USE SURFACES, NEEDS, AND CLASS CODES) NEEDS Rads Used Codes PERIO C 1 = PAX D L 2 = BWX D S s A 3 = PANX M C U ARasF A R S Rads Tooth # SURFACES s L...G S DMFS Needs Codes - To -thd M 0 1 D2. F I L (587- 598) ADD: E = Endo - (599- 610) (611-622) (623-634) (635- 646) (647- 658) IMPORTANT - IF

An update on the BQCD Hybrid Monte Carlo program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haar, Taylor Ryan; Nakamura, Yoshifumi; Stüben, Hinnerk

2018-03-01

We present an update of BQCD, our Hybrid Monte Carlo program for simulating lattice QCD. BQCD is one of the main production codes of the QCDSF collaboration and is used by CSSM and in some Japanese finite temperature and finite density projects. Since the first publication of the code at Lattice 2010 the program has been extended in various ways. New features of the code include: dynamical QED, action modification in order to compute matrix elements by using Feynman-Hellman theory, more trace measurements (like Tr(D-n) for K, cSW and chemical potential reweighting), a more flexible integration scheme, polynomial filtering, term-splitting for RHMC, and a portable implementation of performance critical parts employing SIMD.

Subgroup Benchmark Calculations for the Intra-Pellet Nonuniform Temperature Cases

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kim, Kang Seog; Jung, Yeon Sang; Liu, Yuxuan

A benchmark suite has been developed by Seoul National University (SNU) for intrapellet nonuniform temperature distribution cases based on the practical temperature profiles according to the thermal power levels. Though a new subgroup capability for nonuniform temperature distribution was implemented in MPACT, no validation calculation has been performed for the new capability. This study focuses on bench-marking the new capability through a code-to-code comparison. Two continuous-energy Monte Carlo codes, McCARD and CE-KENO, are engaged in obtaining reference solutions, and the MPACT results are compared to the SNU nTRACER using a similar cross section library and subgroup method to obtain self-shieldedmore » cross sections.« less

Array coding for large data memories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tranter, W. H.

1982-01-01

It is pointed out that an array code is a convenient method for storing large quantities of data. In a typical application, the array consists of N data words having M symbols in each word. The probability of undetected error is considered, taking into account three symbol error probabilities which are of interest, and a formula for determining the probability of undetected error. Attention is given to the possibility of reading data into the array using a digital communication system with symbol error probability p. Two different schemes are found to be of interest. The conducted analysis of array coding shows that the probability of undetected error is very small even for relatively large arrays.

Aeroelastic Tailoring Study of N+2 Low Boom Supersonic Commerical Transport Aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pak, Chan-Gi

2015-01-01

The Lockheed Martin N+2 Low - boom Supersonic Commercial Transport (LSCT) aircraft was optimized in this study through the use of a multidisciplinary design optimization tool developed at the National Aeronautics and S pace Administration Armstrong Flight Research Center. A total of 111 design variables we re used in the first optimization run. Total structural weight was the objective function in this optimization run. Design requirements for strength, buckling, and flutter we re selected as constraint functions during the first optimization run. The MSC Nastran code was used to obtain the modal, strength, and buckling characteristics. Flutter and trim analyses we re based on ZAERO code, and landing and ground control loads were computed using an in - house code. The w eight penalty to satisfy all the design requirement s during the first optimization run was 31,367 lb, a 9.4% increase from the baseline configuration. The second optimization run was prepared and based on the big-bang big-crunch algorithm. Six composite ply angles for the second and fourth composite layers were selected as discrete design variables for the second optimization run. Composite ply angle changes can't improve the weight configuration of the N+2 LSCT aircraft. However, this second optimization run can create more tolerance for the active and near active strength constraint values for future weight optimization runs.

Description of movement quality in patients with low back pain: A qualitative study as a first step to a practical definition.

PubMed

van Dijk, Margriet J H; Smorenburg, Nienke T A; Visser, Bart; Nijhuis-van der Sanden, Maria W G; Heerkens, Yvonne F

2017-03-01

As a first step to formulate a practical definition for movement quality (MQ), this study aims to explore how Dutch allied health care professionals (AHCPs) describe MQ of daily life activities in patients with low back pain (LBP). In this qualitative cross-sectional digital survey study, Dutch AHCPs (n = 91) described MQ in open text (n = 91) and with three keywords (n = 90). After exploratory qualitative content analysis, the ICF linking rules (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) were applied to classify MQ descriptions and keywords. The identified meaningful concepts (MCs) of the descriptions (274) and keywords (239) were linked to ICF codes (87.5% and 80.3%, respectively), Personal factors (5.8% and 5.9%, respectively), and supplementary codes (6.6% and 13.8%, respectively). The MCs were linked to a total of 31 ICF codes, especially to b760 'control of voluntary movement functions', b7602 'coordination of voluntary movements', d4 'Mobility', and d230 'carry out daily routine'. Negative and positive formulated descriptions elucidated different MQ interpretations. Descriptions of MQ given by Dutch AHCPs in patients with LBP cover all ICF components. Coordination and functional movements are seen as the most elementary concepts of MQ. Variation in MQ descriptions and interpretations hinders defining MQ and indicates the necessity of additional steps.

Girls Who Code Club | College of Engineering & Applied Science

Science.gov Websites

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z D2L PAWS Email My UW-System About UWM UWM Jobs D2L PAWS Email My UW-System University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College ofEngineering & Olympiad Girls Who Code Club FIRST Tech Challenge NSF I-Corps Site of Southeastern Wisconsin UW-Milwaukee

Probability Formulas for Describing Fragment Size Distributions

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

L)RCDMD-ST 5001 EisenhowerAvenue Alexandria,VA 22333 Commander US Amy MaterielDevelopment G ReadinessCommand ATTN: DRCDL 5001EisenhowerAvenue...Sieling Natick,MA 01762 CoWander US Amy Tank Automotive DevelopmentCommand ATTN: DRDTA-UL Warren,MI 48090 1 1 1 1 1 Organization Commander US Army...ATTN: D.R. Garrison 3 A. Wilner Bethesda,MD 20084 Commander 1 NavalSurfaceWeaponsCenter ATTN: Code TEB, D. W. Colberts ~n Mr. S. Hock Code TX, Dr. W.G

Computations for Truck Sliding with TRUCK 3.1 Code

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-01

16 REFERENCES 1. L u. \\Villiam N.. Hobbs. Norman P. and Atkinson, Michael. TRUCK 3.1-An Improrcd Digital (’oiputtr Program for Calculating the Response...for Operations and Plans ATIN: Technical Libary Director of Chemical & Nuear Operations Dpartnt of the AIW Waskbington, DC 20310 1 Cocaeder US Ay...Lawrenoe Livermore Lab. ATIN: Code 2124, Tedhnical ATTN: Tech Info Dept L-3 Reports Libary P.O. Be 808 Monterey, CA 93940 Livermore, CA 94550 AFSC

Electrochemistry and Spectroelectrochemistry of Polynuclear Zinc Phthalocyanines: Formation of Mixed Valence Cation Radical Species.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-25

No. No. Copies Cpe Office of Naval Research 2 Dr. David You.)g Attn: Code 1113 Code 334 800 N. Quinc’ Street NORDA Arlington, Virginia 22217-5000 NSTL...Naval Surface Weapons Center Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 Or. R. A. Marcus Dr. Michael J. Weaver Department of...Microprocessor model 340 spectrometer. Cyclic and dif, rential pulse voltammetry were performed with a Princeton Applied Research (PARC) model 174A

Klebsiella Species Infections in the Department of the Navy [DoN] and Department of Defense [DoD]: Annual Report 2014

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-14

microbiology data from MHS facilities were used to identify all Klebsiella spp. isolates. The isolates were matched to three databases: (1) HL7...Klebsiella species infections among DON and DOD beneficiaries. HL7 formatted microbiology data that originated from the Composite Health Care System...and inpatient isolates as determined by the Medical Expense and Performance Reporting System (MEPRS) codes in microbiology data. A MEPRS code

USAF Presence in Latin America in the 21st Century.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-04-01

faculty in partial fulfillment of requirements for graduation. AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY MAXWELL AFB, AL 36112 UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY...ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Maxwell AFB AL 36112-5542 Ba. NAME OF FUNDING /SPONSORING 8 b. OFFICE SYMBOL... Servicio Multimodal Transistmico across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec (11:28). It does, however. *%4 row:n militaiy importance. The U.S. Atlantic Command’s

IGG Subclass and Isotype Specific Immunoglobulin Responses to Lassa Fever and Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis: Natural Infection and Immunization

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-30

EQUINE N ENCEPHALOMYELITIS: NATURAL INFECTION AND IMMUNIZATION , I PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Renata J. Engler, LTC, MC CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Uniformed...Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Medicine Bethesda, MD 20814-4799 REPORT DATE: September 30, 1990 ELECTEO 0CT 3 11990 TYPE OF...Uniformed Services University (If applicable) of Health Sciences I 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code

Weight distributions for turbo codes using random and nonrandom permutations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dolinar, S.; Divsalar, D.

1995-01-01

This article takes a preliminary look at the weight distributions achievable for turbo codes using random, nonrandom, and semirandom permutations. Due to the recursiveness of the encoders, it is important to distinguish between self-terminating and non-self-terminating input sequences. The non-self-terminating sequences have little effect on decoder performance, because they accumulate high encoded weight until they are artificially terminated at the end of the block. From probabilistic arguments based on selecting the permutations randomly, it is concluded that the self-terminating weight-2 data sequences are the most important consideration in the design of constituent codes; higher-weight self-terminating sequences have successively decreasing importance. Also, increasing the number of codes and, correspondingly, the number of permutations makes it more and more likely that the bad input sequences will be broken up by one or more of the permuters. It is possible to design nonrandom permutations that ensure that the minimum distance due to weight-2 input sequences grows roughly as the square root of (2N), where N is the block length. However, these nonrandom permutations amplify the bad effects of higher-weight inputs, and as a result they are inferior in performance to randomly selected permutations. But there are 'semirandom' permutations that perform nearly as well as the designed nonrandom permutations with respect to weight-2 input sequences and are not as susceptible to being foiled by higher-weight inputs.

Microscopic calculations of dynamics and N/Z equilibration in peripheral collisions below the Fermi energy.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Souliotis, G. A.; Shetty, D. V.; Galanopoulos, S.; Yennello, S. J.

2008-04-01

A systematic study of heavy residues formed in peripheral collisions below the Fermi energy has been undertaken at Texas A&M aiming at obtaining information on the mechanism of nucleon exchange and the course towards N/Z equilibration [1,2]. We expect to get insight on the dynamics and the nuclear equation of state by comparing our heavy residue data to detailed calculations using microscopic models of quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) type. We are performing calculations using two codes: the CoMD code of M. Papa, A. Bonasera [3] and the CHIMERA-QMD code of J. Lukasik [4]. Both codes implement an effective interaction with a nuclear-matter compressibility of K=200 (soft EOS) with several forms of the density dependence of the nucleon-nucleon symmetry potential. CoMD imposes a constraint in the phase space occupation for each nucleon restoring the Pauli principle at each time step of the collision. CHIMERA-QMD uses a Pauli potential term to mimic the Pauli principle. Results of the calculations and comparisons with our residue data will be presented. [1] G.A. Souliotis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 022701 (2003). [2] G.A. Souliotis et al., Phys. Lett. B 588, 35 (2004). [3] M. Papa et al., Phys. Rev. C 64, 024612 (2001). [4] J. Lukasik, Z. Majka, Acta Phys. Pol. B 24, 1959 (1993).

FIREFLY (Fitting IteRativEly For Likelihood analYsis): a full spectral fitting code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wilkinson, David M.; Maraston, Claudia; Goddard, Daniel; Thomas, Daniel; Parikh, Taniya

2017-12-01

We present a new spectral fitting code, FIREFLY, for deriving the stellar population properties of stellar systems. FIREFLY is a chi-squared minimization fitting code that fits combinations of single-burst stellar population models to spectroscopic data, following an iterative best-fitting process controlled by the Bayesian information criterion. No priors are applied, rather all solutions within a statistical cut are retained with their weight. Moreover, no additive or multiplicative polynomials are employed to adjust the spectral shape. This fitting freedom is envisaged in order to map out the effect of intrinsic spectral energy distribution degeneracies, such as age, metallicity, dust reddening on galaxy properties, and to quantify the effect of varying input model components on such properties. Dust attenuation is included using a new procedure, which was tested on Integral Field Spectroscopic data in a previous paper. The fitting method is extensively tested with a comprehensive suite of mock galaxies, real galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Milky Way globular clusters. We also assess the robustness of the derived properties as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and adopted wavelength range. We show that FIREFLY is able to recover age, metallicity, stellar mass, and even the star formation history remarkably well down to an S/N ∼ 5, for moderately dusty systems. Code and results are publicly available.1

Update and evaluation of decay data for spent nuclear fuel analyses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Simeonov, Teodosi; Wemple, Charles

2017-09-01

Studsvik's approach to spent nuclear fuel analyses combines isotopic concentrations and multi-group cross-sections, calculated by the CASMO5 or HELIOS2 lattice transport codes, with core irradiation history data from the SIMULATE5 reactor core simulator and tabulated isotopic decay data. These data sources are used and processed by the code SNF to predict spent nuclear fuel characteristics. Recent advances in the generation procedure for the SNF decay data are presented. The SNF decay data includes basic data, such as decay constants, atomic masses and nuclide transmutation chains; radiation emission spectra for photons from radioactive decay, alpha-n reactions, bremsstrahlung, and spontaneous fission, electrons and alpha particles from radioactive decay, and neutrons from radioactive decay, spontaneous fission, and alpha-n reactions; decay heat production; and electro-atomic interaction data for bremsstrahlung production. These data are compiled from fundamental (ENDF, ENSDF, TENDL) and processed (ESTAR) sources for nearly 3700 nuclides. A rigorous evaluation procedure of internal consistency checks and comparisons to measurements and benchmarks, and code-to-code verifications is performed at the individual isotope level and using integral characteristics on a fuel assembly level (e.g., decay heat, radioactivity, neutron and gamma sources). Significant challenges are presented by the scope and complexity of the data processing, a dearth of relevant detailed measurements, and reliance on theoretical models for some data.

Increased prevalence of third-degree atrioventricular block in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.

PubMed

Movahed, Mohammad-Reza; Hashemzadeh, Mehrtash; Jamal, M Mazen

2005-10-01

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. There is some evidence that third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block occurs more commonly in patients with DM. In this study, we evaluated any possible association between DM and third-degree AV block using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes in a very large inpatient database. We used patient treatment files containing discharge diagnoses using ICD-9 codes of inpatient treatment from all Veterans Health Administration hospitals. The cohort was stratified using the ICD-9-CM code for DM (n = 293,124), a control group with hypertension but no DM (n = 552,623), and the ICD-9 code for third-degree AV block (426.0) and smoking (305.1, V15.82). We performed multivariate analysis adjusting for coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, smoking, and hyperlipidemia. Continuous and binary variables were analyzed using chi2 and Fisher exact tests. Third-degree AV block diagnosis was present in 3,240 of DM patients (1.1%) vs 3,367 patients (0.6%) in the control group. Using multivariate analysis, DM remained strongly associated with third-degree AV block (odds ratio, 3.1; 95% confidential interval, 3.0 to 3.3; p < 0.0001). Third-degree AV block occurs significantly more in patients with DM. This finding may, in part, explain the high cardiovascular mortality in DM patients.

Error control techniques for satellite and space communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

1994-01-01

The unequal error protection capabilities of convolutional and trellis codes are studied. In certain environments, a discrepancy in the amount of error protection placed on different information bits is desirable. Examples of environments which have data of varying importance are a number of speech coding algorithms, packet switched networks, multi-user systems, embedded coding systems, and high definition television. Encoders which provide more than one level of error protection to information bits are called unequal error protection (UEP) codes. In this work, the effective free distance vector, d, is defined as an alternative to the free distance as a primary performance parameter for UEP convolutional and trellis encoders. For a given (n, k), convolutional encoder, G, the effective free distance vector is defined as the k-dimensional vector d = (d(sub 0), d(sub 1), ..., d(sub k-1)), where d(sub j), the j(exp th) effective free distance, is the lowest Hamming weight among all code sequences that are generated by input sequences with at least one '1' in the j(exp th) position. It is shown that, although the free distance for a code is unique to the code and independent of the encoder realization, the effective distance vector is dependent on the encoder realization.

Monte Carlo calculation of dose rate conversion factors for external exposure to photon emitters in soil

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Clovas, A.; Zanthos, S.; Antonopoulos-Domis, M.

2000-03-01

The dose rate conversion factors {dot D}{sub CF} (absorbed dose rate in air per unit activity per unit of soil mass, nGy h{sup {minus}1} per Bq kg{sup {minus}1}) are calculated 1 m above ground for photon emitters of natural radionuclides uniformly distributed in the soil. Three Monte Carlo codes are used: (1) The MCNP code of Los Alamos; (2) The GEANT code of CERN; and (3) a Monte Carlo code developed in the Nuclear Technology Laboratory of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The accuracy of the Monte Carlo results is tested by the comparison of the unscattered flux obtained bymore » the three Monte Carlo codes with an independent straightforward calculation. All codes and particularly the MCNP calculate accurately the absorbed dose rate in air due to the unscattered radiation. For the total radiation (unscattered plus scattered) the {dot D}{sub CF} values calculated from the three codes are in very good agreement between them. The comparison between these results and the results deduced previously by other authors indicates a good agreement (less than 15% of difference) for photon energies above 1,500 keV. Antithetically, the agreement is not as good (difference of 20--30%) for the low energy photons.« less