Magnetic anomalies in the Cosmonauts Sea, off East Antarctica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nogi, Y.; Hanyu, T.; Fujii, M.

2017-12-01

Identification of magnetic anomaly lineations and fracture zone trends in the Southern Indian Ocean, are vital to understanding the breakup of Gondwana. However, the magnetic spreading anomalies and fracture zones are not clear in the Southern Indian Ocean. Magnetic anomaly lineations in the Cosmonauts Sea, off East Antarctica, are key to elucidation of separation between Sri Lanka/India and Antarctica. No obvious magnetic anomaly lineations are observed from a Japanese/German aerogeophysical survey in the Cosmonauts Sea, and this area is considered to be created by seafloor spreading during the Cretaceous Normal Superchron. Vector magnetic anomaly measurements have been conducted on board the Icebreaker Shirase mainly to understand the process of Gondwana fragmentation in the Indian Ocean. Magnetic boundary strikes are derived from vector magnetic anomalies obtained in the Cosmonauts Sea. NE-SW trending magnetic boundary strikes are mainly observed along the several NW-SE oriented observation lines with magnetic anomaly amplitudes of about 200 nT. These NE-SW trending magnetic boundary strikes possibly indicate M-series magnetic anomalies that can not be detected from the aerogeophysical survey with nearly N-S observation lines. We will discuss the magnetic spreading anomalies and breakup process between Sri Lanka/India and Antarctica in the Cosmonauts Sea.

Narrowing the gap: from semiconductor to semimetal in the homologous series of rare-earth zinc arsenides RE(2-y)Zn4As4·n(REAs) and Mn-substituted derivatives RE(2-y)Mn(x)Zn(4-x)As4·n(REAs) (RE = La-Nd, Sm, Gd).

PubMed

Lin, Xinsong; Tabassum, Danisa; Mar, Arthur

2015-12-14

A homologous series of ternary rare-earth zinc arsenides, prepared by reactions of the elements at 750 °C, has been identified with the formula RE(2-y)Zn4As4·n(REAs) (n = 2, 3, 4) for various RE members. They adopt trigonal structures: RE(4-y)Zn4As6 (RE = La-Nd), space group R3̄m1, Z = 3; RE(5-y)Zn4As7 (RE = Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd), space group P3̄m1, Z = 1; RE(6-y)Zn4As8 (RE = La-Nd, Sm, Gd), space group R3̄m1, Z = 3. The Zn atoms can be partially substituted by Mn atoms, resulting in quaternary derivatives RE(2-y)Mn(x)Zn(4-x)As4·n(REAs). Single-crystal structures were determined for nine ternary and quaternary arsenides RE(2-y)M4As4·n(REAs) (M = Mn, Zn) as representative examples of these series. The structures are built by stacking close-packed nets of As atoms, sometimes in very long sequences, with RE atoms occupying octahedral sites and M atoms occupying tetrahedral sites, resulting in an intergrowth of [REAs] and [M2As2] slabs. The recurring feature of all members of the homologous series is a sandwich of [M2As2]-[REAs]-[M2As2] slabs, while rocksalt-type blocks of [REAs] increase in thickness between these sandwiches with higher n. Similar to the previously known related homologous series REM(2-x)As2·n(REAs) which is deficient in M, this new series RE(2-y)M4As4·n(REAs) exhibits deficiencies in RE to reduce the electron excess that would be present in the fully stoichiometric formulas. Enthalpic and entropic factors are considered to account for the differences in site deficiencies in these two homologous series. Band structure calculations indicate that the semiconducting behaviour of the parent n = 0 member (with CaAl2Si2-type structure) gradually evolves, through a narrowing of the gap between valence and conduction bands, to semimetallic behaviour as the number of [REAs] blocks increases, to the limit of n = ∞ for rocksalt-type REAs.

Note on gauge and gravitational anomalies of discrete Z N symmetries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Byakti, Pritibhajan; Ghosh, Diptimoy; Sharma, Tarun

2018-01-01

In this note, we discuss the consistency conditions which a discrete Z N symmetry should satisfy in order that it is not violated by gauge and gravitational instantons. As examples, we enlist all the Z N ℛ-symmetries as well as non-ℛ Z N symmetries (N=2,3,4) in the minimally supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) that are free from gauge and gravitational anomalies. We show that there exists non-anomalous discrete symmetries that forbid Baryon number violation up to dimension 6 level (in superspace). We also observe that there exists no non-anomalous Z 3 ℛ-symmetry in the MSSM. Furthermore, we point out that in a theory with one Majorana spin 3/2 gravitino, a large class of Z 4 ℛ-symmetries are violated in the presence of Eguchi-Hanson (EH) gravitational instanton. This is also in general true for higher Z N ℛ-symmetries. We also notice that in 4 dimensional N=1 supergravity, the global U(1) ℛ-symmetry is always violated by the EH instanton irrespective of the matter content of the theory.

6d, Coulomb branch anomaly matching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Intriligator, Kenneth

2014-10-01

6d QFTs are constrained by the analog of 't Hooft anomaly matching: all anomalies for global symmetries and metric backgrounds are constants of RG flows, and for all vacua in moduli spaces. We discuss an anomaly matching mechanism for 6d theories on their Coulomb branch. It is a global symmetry analog of Green-Schwarz-West-Sagnotti anomaly cancellation, and requires the apparent anomaly mismatch to be a perfect square, . Then Δ I 8 is cancelled by making X 4 an electric/magnetic source for the tensor multiplet, so background gauge field instantons yield charged strings. This requires the coefficients in X 4 to be integrally quantized. We illustrate this for theories. We also consider the SCFTs from N small E8 instantons, verifying that the recent result for its anomaly polynomial fits with the anomaly matching mechanism.

Shortening anomalies in supersymmetric theories

DOE PAGES

Gomis, Jaume; Komargodski, Zohar; Ooguri, Hirosi; ...

2017-01-17

We present new anomalies in two-dimensional N = (2, 2) superconformal theories. They obstruct the shortening conditions of chiral and twisted chiral multiplets at coincident points. This implies that marginal couplings cannot be promoted to background superfields in short representations. Therefore, standard results that follow from N = (2, 2) spurion analysis are invalidated. These anomalies appear only if supersymmetry is enhanced beyond N = (2; 2). These anomalies explain why the conformal manifolds of the K 3 and T 4 sigma models are not Kähler and do not factorize into chiral and twisted chiral moduli spaces and why theremore » are no N = (2, 2) gauged linear sigma models that cover these conformal manifolds. We also present these results from the point of view of the Riemann curvature of conformal manifolds.« less

Shortening anomalies in supersymmetric theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gomis, Jaume; Komargodski, Zohar; Ooguri, Hirosi

We present new anomalies in two-dimensional N = (2, 2) superconformal theories. They obstruct the shortening conditions of chiral and twisted chiral multiplets at coincident points. This implies that marginal couplings cannot be promoted to background superfields in short representations. Therefore, standard results that follow from N = (2, 2) spurion analysis are invalidated. These anomalies appear only if supersymmetry is enhanced beyond N = (2; 2). These anomalies explain why the conformal manifolds of the K 3 and T 4 sigma models are not Kähler and do not factorize into chiral and twisted chiral moduli spaces and why theremore » are no N = (2, 2) gauged linear sigma models that cover these conformal manifolds. We also present these results from the point of view of the Riemann curvature of conformal manifolds.« less

Bangui Anomaly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taylor, Patrick T.

2004-01-01

Bangui anomaly is the name given to one of the Earth s largest crustal magnetic anomalies and the largest over the African continent. It covers two-thirds of the Central African Republic and therefore the name derives from the capitol city-Bangui that is also near the center of this feature. From surface magnetic survey data Godivier and Le Donche (1962) were the first to describe this anomaly. Subsequently high-altitude world magnetic surveying by the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office (Project Magnet) recorded a greater than 1000 nT dipolar, peak-to-trough anomaly with the major portion being negative (figure 1). Satellite observations (Cosmos 49) were first reported in 1964, these revealed a 40nT anomaly at 350 km altitude. Subsequently the higher altitude (417-499km) POGO (Polar Orbiting Geomagnetic Observatory) satellite data recorded peak-to-trough anomalies of 20 nT these data were added to Cosmos 49 measurements by Regan et al. (1975) for a regional satellite altitude map. In October 1979, with the launch of Magsat, a satellite designed to measure crustal magnetic anomalies, a more uniform satellite altitude magnetic map was obtained. These data, computed at 375 km altitude recorded a -22 nT anomaly (figure 2). This elliptically shaped anomaly is approximately 760 by 1000 km and is centered at 6%, 18%. The Bangui anomaly is composed of three segments; there are two positive anomalies lobes north and south of a large central negative field. This displays the classic pattern of a magnetic anomalous body being magnetized by induction in a zero inclination field. This is not surprising since the magnetic equator passes near the center of this body.

Hydrothermal plumes in the Gulf of Aden, as characterized by light transmission, Mn, Fe, CH4 and δ13C-CH4 anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gamo, Toshitaka; Okamura, Kei; Hatanaka, Hiroshi; Hasumoto, Hiroshi; Komatsu, Daisuke; Chinen, Masakazu; Mori, Mutsumi; Tanaka, Junya; Hirota, Akinari; Tsunogai, Urumu; Tamaki, Kensaku

2015-11-01

We conducted water column surveys to search for hydrothermal plumes over the spreading axes in the Gulf of Aden between 45°35‧E and 52°42‧E. We measured light transmission and chemical tracers Mn, Fe, CH4 and δ13C of CH4 in seawater taken using a CTD-Carrousel multi-sampling system at 12 locations including a control station in the Arabian Sea. We recognized three types of hydrothermal plumes at depths of 650 to 900 m (shallow plumes), 1000 to 1200 m (intermediate plumes), and >1500 m (deep plumes). The shallow plumes were apparently originated from newly discovered twin seamounts (12°03-06‧N and 45°35-41‧E) at the westernmost survey area, where two-dimensional distributions of light transmission and Mn were mapped by tow-yo observations of the CTD-sampling system with an in situ auto-analyzer GAMOS. The maximum concentrations of Mn, Fe, and CH4 of 46 nM, 251 nM, and 15 nM, respectively, were observed for collected seawater within the shallow plumes. The intermediate plumes were characterized by anomalies of light transmission, Mn, Fe, and δ13C of CH4, but by little CH4 anomalies, suggesting that CH4 had been consumed down to the background level during the aging of the plumes. Anomalies of δ3He already reported by the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) program exhibited a hydrothermal plume-like peak at 2000 m depth in the Gulf of Aden, which seems to coincide with the deep plumes observed in this study. The endmember δ13C-CH4 values for the shallow and the deep plumes were estimated to be in a range between -10‰ and -15‰, demonstrating that the sources of CH4 are not biogenic but magmatic as similarly observed at sediment-starved mid-oceanic ridges.

Structure and origin of the J Anomaly Ridge, western North Atlantic Ocean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tucholke, Brian E.; Ludwig, William J.

1982-11-01

The J Anomaly Ridge is a structural ridge or step in oceanic basement that extends southwest from the eastern end of the Grand Banks. It lies beneath the J magnetic anomaly at the young end (M-4 to M-0) of the M series magnetic anomalies. Its structural counterpart beneath the J anomaly in the eastern Atlantic is the Madeira-Tore Rise, but this feature has been overprinted by post-middle Cretaceous deformation and volcanism. In order to study the origin and evolution of the J Anomaly Ridge-Madeira-Tore Rise system, we obtained seismic refraction and multichannel reflection profiles across the J Anomaly Ridge near 39°N latitude. The western ridge flank consists of a series of crustal blocks downdropped along west-dipping normal faults, but the eastern slope to younger crust is gentle and relatively unfaulted. The western flank also is subparallel to seafloor isochrons, becoming younger to the south. Anomalously smooth basement caps the ridge crest, and it locally exhibits internal, eastward-dipping reflectors similar in configuration to those within subaerially emplaced basalt flows on Iceland. When isostatically corrected for sediment load, the northern part of the J Anomaly Ridge has basement depths about 1400 m shallower than in our study area, and deep sea drilling has shown that the northern ridge was subaerially exposed during the middle Cretaceous. We suggest that most of the system originated under subaerial conditions at the time of late-stage rifting between the adjacent Grand Banks and Iberia. The excess magma required to form the ridge may have been vented from a mantle plume beneath the Grand Banks-Iberia rift zone and channelled southward beneath the rift axis of the abutting Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Resulting edifice-building volcanism constructed the ridge system between anomalies M-4 and M-0, moving southward along the ridge axis at about 50 mm/yr. About M-0 time, when true drift began between Iberia and the Grand Banks, this southward venting rapidly

On isometry anomalies in minimal 𝒩 = (0,1) and 𝒩 = (0,2) sigma models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Jin; Cui, Xiaoyi; Shifman, Mikhail; Vainshtein, Arkady

2016-09-01

The two-dimensional minimal supersymmetric sigma models with homogeneous target spaces G/H and chiral fermions of the same chirality are revisited. In particular, we look into the isometry anomalies in O(N) and CP(N - 1) models. These anomalies are generated by fermion loop diagrams which we explicitly calculate. In the case of O(N) sigma models the first Pontryagin class vanishes, so there is no global obstruction for the minimal 𝒩 = (0, 1) supersymmetrization of these models. We show that at the local level isometries in these models can be made anomaly free by specifying the counterterms explicitly. Thus, there are no obstructions to quantizing the minimal 𝒩 = (0, 1) models with the SN-1 = SO(N)/SO(N - 1) target space while preserving the isometries. This also includes CP(1) (equivalent to S2) which is an exceptional case from the CP(N - 1) series. For other CP(N - 1) models, the isometry anomalies cannot be rescued even locally, this leads us to a discussion on the relation between the geometric and gauged formulations of the CP(N - 1) models to compare the original of different anomalies. A dual formalism of O(N) model is also given, in order to show the consistency of our isometry anomaly analysis in different formalisms. The concrete counterterms to be added, however, will be formalism dependent.

First branchial cleft anomalies: otologic manifestations and treatment outcomes.

PubMed

Shinn, Justin R; Purcell, Patricia L; Horn, David L; Sie, Kathleen C Y; Manning, Scott C

2015-03-01

This study describes the presentation of first branchial cleft anomalies and compares outcomes of first branchial cleft with other branchial cleft anomalies with attention to otologic findings. Case series with chart review. Pediatric tertiary care facility. Surgical databases were queried to identify children with branchial cleft anomalies. Descriptive analysis defined sample characteristics. Risk estimates were calculated using Fisher's exact test. Queries identified 126 subjects: 27 (21.4%) had first branchial cleft anomalies, 80 (63.4%) had second, and 19 (15.1%) had third or fourth. Children with first anomalies often presented with otologic complications, including otorrhea (22.2%), otitis media (25.9%), and cholesteatoma (14.8%). Of 80 children with second branchial cleft anomalies, only 3 (3.8%) had otitis. Compared with children with second anomalies, children with first anomalies had a greater risk of requiring primary incision and drainage: 16 (59.3%) vs 2 (2.5%) (relative risk [RR], 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4-5; P<.0001). They were more likely to have persistent disease after primary excision: 7 (25.9%) vs 2 (2.5%) (RR, 3; 95% CI, 1.9-5; P=.0025). They were more likely to undergo additional surgery: 8 (29.6%) vs 3 (11.1%) (RR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.8-4.7; P=.0025). Of 7 persistent first anomalies, 6 (85.7%) were medial to the facial nerve, and 4 (57.1%) required ear-specific surgery for management. Children with first branchial cleft anomalies often present with otologic complaints. They are at increased risk of persistent disease, particularly if anomalies lie medial to the facial nerve. They may require ear-specific surgery such as tympanoplasty. © American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation 2014.

Anomalies, conformal manifolds, and spheres

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gomis, Jaume; Hsin, Po-Shen; Komargodski, Zohar

The two-point function of exactly marginal operators leads to a universal contribution to the trace anomaly in even dimensions. We study aspects of this trace anomaly, emphasizing its interpretation as a sigma model, whose target space $M$ is the space of conformal field theories (a.k.a. the conformal manifold). When the underlying quantum field theory is supersymmetric, this sigma model has to be appropriately supersymmetrized. As examples, we consider in some detail $N$ = (2; 2) and $N$ = (0; 2) supersymmetric theories in d = 2 and $N$ = 2 supersymmetric theories in d = 4. This reasoning leads tomore » new information about the conformal manifolds of these theories, for example, we show that the manifold is K ahler-Hodge and we further argue that it has vanishing K ahler class. For $N$ = (2; 2) theories in d = 2 and N = 2 theories in d = 4 we also show that the relation between the sphere partition function and the K ahler potential of $M$ follows immediately from the appropriate sigma models that we construct. Ultimately, along the way we find several examples of potential trace anomalies that obey the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions, but can be ruled out by a more detailed analysis.« less

Anomalies, conformal manifolds, and spheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gomis, Jaume; Hsin, Po-Shen; Komargodski, Zohar; Schwimmer, Adam; Seiberg, Nathan; Theisen, Stefan

2016-03-01

The two-point function of exactly marginal operators leads to a universal contribution to the trace anomaly in even dimensions. We study aspects of this trace anomaly, emphasizing its interpretation as a sigma model, whose target space {M} is the space of conformal field theories (a.k.a. the conformal manifold). When the underlying quantum field theory is supersymmetric, this sigma model has to be appropriately supersymmetrized. As examples, we consider in some detail {N}=(2,2) and {N}=(0,2) supersymmetric theories in d = 2 and {N}=2 supersymmetric theories in d = 4. This reasoning leads to new information about the conformal manifolds of these theories, for example, we show that the manifold is Kähler-Hodge and we further argue that it has vanishing Kähler class. For {N}=(2,2) theories in d = 2 and {N}=2 theories in d = 4 we also show that the relation between the sphere partition function and the Kähler potential of {M} follows immediately from the appropriate sigma models that we construct. Along the way we find several examples of potential trace anomalies that obey the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions, but can be ruled out by a more detailed analysis.

Anomalies, conformal manifolds, and spheres

DOE PAGES

Gomis, Jaume; Hsin, Po-Shen; Komargodski, Zohar; ...

2016-03-04

The two-point function of exactly marginal operators leads to a universal contribution to the trace anomaly in even dimensions. We study aspects of this trace anomaly, emphasizing its interpretation as a sigma model, whose target space $M$ is the space of conformal field theories (a.k.a. the conformal manifold). When the underlying quantum field theory is supersymmetric, this sigma model has to be appropriately supersymmetrized. As examples, we consider in some detail $N$ = (2; 2) and $N$ = (0; 2) supersymmetric theories in d = 2 and $N$ = 2 supersymmetric theories in d = 4. This reasoning leads tomore » new information about the conformal manifolds of these theories, for example, we show that the manifold is K ahler-Hodge and we further argue that it has vanishing K ahler class. For $N$ = (2; 2) theories in d = 2 and N = 2 theories in d = 4 we also show that the relation between the sphere partition function and the K ahler potential of $M$ follows immediately from the appropriate sigma models that we construct. Ultimately, along the way we find several examples of potential trace anomalies that obey the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions, but can be ruled out by a more detailed analysis.« less

Branchial anomalies in children.

PubMed

Bajaj, Y; Ifeacho, S; Tweedie, D; Jephson, C G; Albert, D M; Cochrane, L A; Wyatt, M E; Jonas, N; Hartley, B E J

2011-08-01

Branchial cleft anomalies are the second most common head and neck congenital lesions seen in children. Amongst the branchial cleft malformations, second cleft lesions account for 95% of the branchial anomalies. This article analyzes all the cases of branchial cleft anomalies operated on at Great Ormond Street Hospital over the past 10 years. All children who underwent surgery for branchial cleft sinus or fistula from January 2000 to December 2010 were included in this study. In this series, we had 80 patients (38 female and 42 male). The age at the time of operation varied from 1 year to 14 years. Amongst this group, 15 patients had first branchial cleft anomaly, 62 had second branchial cleft anomaly and 3 had fourth branchial pouch anomaly. All the first cleft cases were operated on by a superficial parotidectomy approach with facial nerve identification. Complete excision was achieved in all these first cleft cases. In this series of first cleft anomalies, we had one complication (temporary marginal mandibular nerve weakness. In the 62 children with second branchial cleft anomalies, 50 were unilateral and 12 were bilateral. In the vast majority, the tract extended through the carotid bifurcation and extended up to pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Majority of these cases were operated on through an elliptical incision around the external opening. Complete excision was achieved in all second cleft cases except one who required a repeat excision. In this subgroup, we had two complications one patient developed a seroma and one had incomplete excision. The three patients with fourth pouch anomaly were treated with endoscopic assisted monopolar diathermy to the sinus opening with good outcome. Branchial anomalies are relatively common in children. There are three distinct types, first cleft, second cleft and fourth pouch anomaly. Correct diagnosis is essential to avoid inadequate surgery and multiple procedures. The surgical approach needs to be tailored to the type

A[Bi(3)Ti(4)O(13)] and A[Bi(3)PbTi(5)O(16)] (A = K, Cs): New n = 4 and n = 5 Members of the Layered Perovskite Series, A[A'(n)()(-)(1)B(n)()O(3)(n)()(+1)], and Their Hydrates.

PubMed

Gopalakrishnan, J.; Sivakumar, T.; Thangadurai, V.; Subbanna, G. N.

1999-06-14

We describe the synthesis and structural characterization of new layered bismuth titanates, A[Bi(3)Ti(4)O(13)] and A[Bi(3)PbTi(5)O(16)] for A = K, Cs, corresponding to n = 4 and 5 members of the Dion-Jacobson series of layered perovskites of the general formula, A[A'(n)()(-)(1)B(n)()O(3)(n)()(+1)]. These materials have been prepared by solid state reaction of the constituents containing excess alkali, which is required to suppress the formation of competitive Aurivillius phases. Unlike the isostructural niobates and niobium titanates of the same series, the new phases reported here are spontaneously hydrated-a feature which could make them potentially useful as photocatalysts for water splitting reaction. On hydration of the potassium compounds, the c axis expands by ca. 2 Å and loses its doubling [for example, the tetragonal lattice parameters of K[Bi(3)Ti(4)O(13)] and its dihydrate are respectively a = 3.900(1) Å, c = 37.57(2) Å; a = 3.885(1) Å, c = 20.82(4) Å]; surprisingly, the cesium analogues do not show a similar change on hydration.

Fixed point and anomaly mediation in partial {\\boldsymbol{N}}=2 supersymmetric standard models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, Wen

2018-01-01

Motivated by the simple toroidal compactification of extra-dimensional SUSY theories, we investigate a partial N = 2 supersymmetric (SUSY) extension of the standard model which has an N = 2 SUSY sector and an N = 1 SUSY sector. We point out that below the scale of the partial breaking of N = 2 to N = 1, the ratio of Yukawa to gauge couplings embedded in the original N = 2 gauge interaction in the N = 2 sector becomes greater due to a fixed point. Since at the partial breaking scale the sfermion masses in the N = 2 sector are suppressed due to the N = 2 non-renormalization theorem, the anomaly mediation effect becomes important. If dominant, the anomaly-induced masses for the sfermions in the N = 2 sector are almost UV-insensitive due to the fixed point. Interestingly, these masses are always positive, i.e. there is no tachyonic slepton problem. From an example model, we show interesting phenomena differing from ordinary MSSM. In particular, the dark matter particle can be a sbino, i.e. the scalar component of the N = 2 vector multiplet of {{U}}{(1)}Y. To obtain the correct dark matter abundance, the mass of the sbino, as well as the MSSM sparticles in the N = 2 sector which have a typical mass pattern of anomaly mediation, is required to be small. Therefore, this scenario can be tested and confirmed in the LHC and may be further confirmed by the measurement of the N = 2 Yukawa couplings in future colliders. This model can explain dark matter, the muon g-2 anomaly, and gauge coupling unification, and relaxes some ordinary problems within the MSSM. It is also compatible with thermal leptogenesis.

On supersymmetry anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Howe, P. S.; Parkes, A. J.; West, P. C.

1985-01-01

It is shown analytically that there are no one-loop supersymmetry anomalies in N = 2 and N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories. This implies that the two-loop β functions in these theories are in accord with supersymmetry when the one-loop finite local counter terms required by supersymmetry are correctly taken into account. Permanent address: Department of Mathematics, King's College, London, UK.

A comparison of classical and intelligent methods to detect potential thermal anomalies before the 11 August 2012 Varzeghan, Iran, earthquake (Mw = 6.4)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akhoondzadeh, M.

2013-04-01

In this paper, a number of classical and intelligent methods, including interquartile, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM), have been proposed to quantify potential thermal anomalies around the time of the 11 August 2012 Varzeghan, Iran, earthquake (Mw = 6.4). The duration of the data set, which is comprised of Aqua-MODIS land surface temperature (LST) night-time snapshot images, is 62 days. In order to quantify variations of LST data obtained from satellite images, the air temperature (AT) data derived from the meteorological station close to the earthquake epicenter has been taken into account. For the models examined here, results indicate the following: (i) ARIMA models, which are the most widely used in the time series community for short-term forecasting, are quickly and easily implemented, and can efficiently act through linear solutions. (ii) A multilayer perceptron (MLP) feed-forward neural network can be a suitable non-parametric method to detect the anomalous changes of a non-linear time series such as variations of LST. (iii) Since SVMs are often used due to their many advantages for classification and regression tasks, it can be shown that, if the difference between the predicted value using the SVM method and the observed value exceeds the pre-defined threshold value, then the observed value could be regarded as an anomaly. (iv) ANN and SVM methods could be powerful tools in modeling complex phenomena such as earthquake precursor time series where we may not know what the underlying data generating process is. There is good agreement in the results obtained from the different methods for quantifying potential anomalies in a given LST time series. This paper indicates that the detection of the potential thermal anomalies derive credibility from the overall efficiencies and potentialities of the four integrated methods.

[Surgical treatment of first branchial cleft anomaly].

PubMed

Xiao, Hongjun; Kong, Weijia; Gong, Shusheng; Wang, Jibao; Liu, Shiying; Shi, Hong

2005-10-01

To identify the clinical and anatomical presentations and to discuss the guidelines for surgical management of anomalies of the first branchial cleft. Twenty-one patients with first branchial cleft anomalies were treated in our department between January 1994 and December 2004, their clinical data were retrospectively analysed. Surgery was performed on all patients. Among them 13 were males and 8 females, ranging in age from 1.5 to 33 years with an average of 15 years. Anatomically, 3 types of first branchial cleft anomalies were identified: fistulas (n = 17), cysts (n = 2), and fistula combined with cyst (n = 2). Before definitive surgery, soma patients (n = 4) underwent incision and drainage for infection owing to the difficulties in diagnosing this anomaly. Methylthioninium Chloride was used in almost all cases for tracking the fistulous during operation. Wide exposure is necessary in many cases,and a standard parotidectomy incision allows adequate exposure of the anomaly and preservation of the facial nerve. Complete removal without complications depends on a good understanding of regional embryogenesis, an awareness of the different anatomical presentations, and a readiness to identify and protect the facial nerve during resection.

The incidence of coronary anomalies on routine coronary computed tomography scans

PubMed Central

Karabay, Kanber Ocal; Yildiz, Abdulmelik; Bagirtan, Bayram; Geceer, Gurkan; Uysal, Ender

2013-01-01

Summary Objective This study aimed to assess the incidence of coronary anomalies using 64-multi-slice coronary computed tomography (MSCT). Methods The diagnostic MSCT scans of 745 consecutive patients were reviewed. Results The incidence of coronary anomalies was 4.96%. The detected coronary anomalies included the conus artery originating separately from the right coronary sinus (RCS) (n = 8, 1.07%), absence of the left main artery (n = 7, 0.93%), a superior right coronary artery (RCA) (n = 7, 0.93%), the circumflex artery (CFX) arising from the RCS (n = 4, 0.53%), the CFX originating from the RCA (n = 2, 0.26%), a posterior RCA (n = 1, 0.13%), a coronary fistula from the left anterior descending artery and RCA to the pulmonary artery (n = 1, 0.13%), and a coronary aneurysm (n = 1, 0.13%). Conclusions This study indicated that MSCT can be used to detect common coronary anomalies, and shows it has the potential to aid cardiologists and cardiac surgeons by revealing the origin and course of the coronary vessels. PMID:24042853

N,N',N"-tris(dihydroxyphosphorylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Deofix) - a high-affinity, high-specificity chelator for first transition series metal cations with significant deodorant, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity.

PubMed

Laden, Karl; Zaklad, Haim; Simhon, Elliot D; Klein, Joseph Y; Cyjon, Rosa L; Winchell, Harry S

2003-01-01

Deofix, N,N',N"-tris(dihydroxyphosphorylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane, is a high-affinity, high-specificity chelator for first transition series cations such as iron, zinc, manganese, and copper. A 1% solution in 50% ethanol was found to be significantly better at reducing underarm malodor than a solution of 0.3% Triclosan in 50% ethanol. Compared to a 50% alcohol control, Deofix was found to produce a significant reduction in malodor for at least 48 hours. Deofix appears to work by reducing the concentration of first transition series metal ions below the levels needed for microbial cell reproduction and by inhibiting oxidative processes by interfering with catalytic formation of free radicals. Deofix has very low levels of toxicity when measured via a number of screening techniques.

Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies in Infants with in Utero Exposure to Antiretrovirals

PubMed Central

KNAPP, KATHERINE M.; BROGLY, SUSAN B.; MUENZ, DANIEL G.; SPIEGEL, HANS M.; CONWAY, DANIEL H.; SCOTT, GWENDOLYN B.; TALBOT, JEFFREY T.; SHAPIRO, DAVID E.; READ, JENNIFER S.

2011-01-01

Background While use of efficacious interventions, including antiretrovirals (ARVs), has reduced dramatically the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, the safety of in utero ARV exposure remains of concern. Methods Data regarding 1112 infants enrolled in the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group (IMPAACT) protocol P1025 born between 2002 and 2007 were analyzed for this study. Congenital anomalies were classified based on the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP) guidelines. Associations between congenital anomalies and timing of first in utero exposure to ARVs were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results 61 of the 1112 infants had congenital anomalies identified and confirmed, resulting in a prevalence of 5.49/100 live births (95%CI: 4.22–6.99). Among the 80 anomalies identified, the organ systems involved included: cardiovascular (n=33), musculoskeletal (n=15), renal (n=9), genitourinary (n=6), craniofacial (n=4), and central nervous system (n=2). First trimester exposure to efavirenz was associated with a significantly increased risk of congenital anomalies (OR 2.84, 95%CI: 1.13–7.16). No significant associations were observed between exposure to other individual ARVs or classes of ARVs started at any time during pregnancy and infant congenital anomalies. Conclusions The observed rate of congenital anomalies in this cohort is higher than previously reported for the general population, but is consistent with rates observed in other recent studies of children born to HIV-infected women. Cardiovascular anomalies occurred most frequently. With the exception of a known teratogen (efavirenz), no statistically significant associations between in utero exposure to ARVs and congenital anomalies were identified. PMID:21983213

Heat flow anomalies and their interpretation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chapman, David S.; Rybach, Ladislaus

1985-12-01

More than 10,000 heat flow determinations exist for the earth and the data set is growing steadily at about 450 observations per year. If heat flow is considered as a surface expression of geothermal processes at depth, the analysis of the data set should reveal properties of those thermal processes. They do, but on a variety of scales. For this review heat flow maps are classified by 4 different horizontal scales of 10 n km (n = 1, 2, 3 and 4) and attention is focussed on the interpretation of anomalies which appear with characteristic dimensions of 10 (n - 1) km in the respective representations. The largest scale of 10 4 km encompasses heat flow on a global scale. Global heat loss is 4 × 10 13 W and the process of sea floor spreading is the principal agent in delivering much of this heat to the surface. Correspondingly, active ocean ridge systems produce the most prominent heat flow anomalies at this scale with characteristic widths of 10 3 km. Shields, with similar dimensions, exhibit negative anomalies. The scale of 10 3 km includes continent wide displays. Heat flow patterns at this scale mimic tectonic units which have dimensions of a few times 10 2 km, although the thermal boundaries between these units are sometimes sharp. Heat flow anomalies at this scale also result from plate tectonic processes, and are associated with arc volcanism, back arc basins, hot spot traces, and continental rifting. There are major controversies about the extent to which these surface thermal provinces reflect upper mantle thermal conditions, and also about the origin and evolution of the thermal state of continental lithosphere. Beginning with map dimensions of 10 2 km thermal anomalies of scale 10 1 km, which have a definite crustal origin, become apparent. The origin may be tectonic, geologic, or hydrologic. Ten kilometers is a common wavelength of topographic relief which drives many groundwater flow systems producing thermal anomalies. The largest recognized continental

Spatial Correlations of Anomaly Time Series of AIRS Version-6 Land Surface Skin Temperatures with the Nino-4 Index

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Susskind, Joel; Lee, Jae N.; Iredell, Lena

2013-01-01

The AIRS Science Team Version-6 data set is a valuable resource for meteorological studies. Quality Controlled earth's surface skin temperatures are produced on a 45 km x 45 km spatial scale under most cloud cover conditions. The same retrieval algorithm is used for all surface types under all conditions. This study used eleven years of AIRS monthly mean surface skin temperature and cloud cover products to show that land surface skin temperatures have decreased significantly in some areas and increased significantly in other areas over the period September 2002 through August 2013. These changes occurred primarily at 1:30 PM but not at 1:30 AM. Cooling land areas contained corresponding increases in cloud cover over this time period, with the reverse being true for warming land areas. The cloud cover anomaly patterns for a given month are affected significantly by El Nino/La Nina activity, and anomalies in cloud cover are a driving force behind anomalies in land surface skin temperature.

Time series of GNSS-derived ionospheric maps to detect anomalies as possible precursors of high magnitude earthquakes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbarella, M.; De Giglio, M.; Galeandro, A.; Mancini, F.

2012-04-01

The modification of some atmospheric physical properties prior to a high magnitude earthquake has been recently debated within the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere (LAI) Coupling model. Among this variety of phenomena the ionization of air at the higher level of the atmosphere, called ionosphere, is investigated in this work. Such a ionization occurrences could be caused by possible leaking of gases from earth crust and their presence was detected around the time of high magnitude earthquakes by several authors. However, the spatial scale and temporal domain over which such a disturbances come into evidence is still a controversial item. Even thought the ionospheric activity could be investigated by different methodologies (satellite or terrestrial measurements), we selected the production of ionospheric maps by the analysis of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Data) data as possible way to detect anomalies prior of a seismic event over a wide area around the epicentre. It is well known that, in the GNSS sciences, the ionospheric activity could be probed by the analysis of refraction phenomena occurred on the dual frequency signals along the satellite to receiver path. The analysis of refraction phenomena affecting data acquired by the GNSS permanent trackers is able to produce daily to hourly maps representing the spatial distribution of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) as an index of the ionization degree in the upper atmosphere. The presence of large ionospheric anomalies could be therefore interpreted in the LAI Coupling model like a precursor signal of a strong earthquake, especially when the appearance of other different precursors (thermal anomalies and/or gas fluxes) could be detected. In this work, a six-month long series of ionospheric maps produced from GNSS data collected by a network of 49 GPS permanent stations distributed within an area around the city of L'Aquila (Abruzzi, Italy), where an earthquake (M = 6.3) occurred on April 6, 2009

Discovery and characterization of a novel series of N-phenylsulfonyl-1H-pyrrole picolinamides as positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4).

PubMed

Gogliotti, Rocco D; Blobaum, Anna L; Morrison, Ryan M; Daniels, J Scott; Salovich, James M; Cheung, Yiu-Yin; Rodriguez, Alice L; Loch, Matthew T; Conn, P Jeffrey; Lindsley, Craig W; Niswender, Colleen M; Hopkins, Corey R

2016-07-01

Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel series of N-phenylsulfonyl-1H-pyrrole picolinamides as novel positive allosteric modulators of mGlu4. We detail our work towards finding phenyl replacements for the core scaffold of previously reported phenyl sulfonamides and phenyl sulfone compounds. Our efforts culminated in the identification of N-(1-((3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)picolinamide as a potent PAM of mGlu4. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Causes of Upper-Ocean Temperature Anomalies in the Tropical North Atlantic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rugg, A.; Foltz, G. R.; Perez, R. C.

2016-02-01

Hurricane activity and regional rainfall are strongly impacted by upper ocean conditions in the tropical North Atlantic, defined as the region between the equator and 20°N. A previous study analyzed a strong cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly that developed in this region during early 2009 and was recorded by the Pilot Research Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) moored buoy at 4°N, 23°W (Foltz et al. 2012). The same mooring shows a similar cold anomaly in the spring of 2015 as well as a strong warm anomaly in 2010, offering the opportunity for a more comprehensive analysis of the causes of these events. In this study we examine the main causes of the observed temperature anomalies between 1998 and 2015. Basin-scale conditions during these events are analyzed using satellite SST, wind, and rain data, as well as temperature and salinity profiles from the NCEP Global Ocean Data Assimilation System. A more detailed analysis is conducted using ten years of direct measurements from the PIRATA mooring at 4°N, 23°W. Results show that the cooling and warming anomalies were caused primarily by wind-driven changes in surface evaporative cooling, mixed layer depth, and upper-ocean vertical velocity. Anomalies in surface solar radiation acted to damp the wind-driven SST anomalies in the latitude bands of the ITCZ (3°-8°N). Basin-scale analyses also suggest a strong connection between the observed SST anomalies and the Atlantic Meridional Mode, a well-known pattern of SST and surface wind anomalies spanning the tropical Atlantic.

Congenital oval or round window anomaly with or without abnormal facial nerve course: surgical results for 15 ears.

PubMed

Thomeer, Henricus; Kunst, Henricus; Verbist, Berit; Cremers, Cor

2012-07-01

To describe the audiometric results in a consecutive series of patients with congenital ossicular aplasia (Class 4a) or dysplasia of the oval and/or round window (Class 4b), which might include a possible anomalous course of the facial nerve. Retrospective chart study. Tertiary referral center. A tertiary referral center study with a total of 14 patients with congenital minor ear anomalies as part of a consecutive series (n = 89) who underwent exploratory tympanotomies (15 ears). Audiometric results. In 8 of 15 ears, ossicular reconstruction was attempted. In the short term (1 mo), there was a serviceable hearing outcome (air-bone gap closure to within 25 dB) in 4 ears. However, the long-term results showed deterioration because of an increased air-bone gap in all but 1 ear. No facial nerve lesion was observed postoperatively. Congenital dysplasia or aplasia of the oval and/or round window is an uncommon congenital minor ear anomaly. Classical microsurgical opportunities are rare in this group of anomalies. Newer options for hearing rehabilitation, such as the osseointegrated passive bone conduction devices, have become viable alternatives for conventional air conduction hearing devices. In the near future, upcoming active bone conduction devices might become the most preferred surgical option. In cases in which the facial nerve is only partially overlying the oval window, a type of malleostapedotomy procedure might result in a serviceable postoperative hearing level.

Coronary artery anomalies in Turner Syndrome.

PubMed

Viuff, Mette H; Trolle, Christian; Wen, Jan; Jensen, Jesper M; Nørgaard, Bjarne L; Gutmark, Ephraim J; Gutmark-Little, Iris; Mortensen, Kristian H; Gravholt, Claus Højbjerg; Andersen, Niels H

Congenital heart disease, primarily involving the left-sided structures, is often seen in patients with Turner Syndrome. Moreover, a few case reports have indicated that coronary anomalies may be more prevalent in Turner Syndrome than in the normal population. We therefore set out to systematically investigate coronary arterial anatomy by computed tomographic coronary angiography (coronary CTA) in Turner Syndrome patients. Fifty consecutive women with Turner Syndrome (mean age 47 years [17-71]) underwent coronary CTA. Patients were compared with 25 gender-matched controls. Coronary anomaly was more frequent in patients with Turner Syndrome than in healthy controls [20% vs. 4% (p = 0.043)]. Nine out of ten abnormal cases had an anomalous left coronary artery anatomy (absent left main trunk, n = 7; circumflex artery originating from the right aortic sinus, n = 2). One case had a tubular origin of the right coronary artery above the aortic sinus. There was no correlation between the presence of coronary arterial anomalies and karyotype, bicuspid aortic valve, or other congenital heart defects. Coronary anomalies are highly prevalent in Turner Syndrome. The left coronary artery is predominantly affected, with an absent left main coronary artery being the most common anomaly. No hemodynamically relevant coronary anomalies were found. Copyright © 2016 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. All rights reserved.

A Locally Optimal Algorithm for Estimating a Generating Partition from an Observed Time Series and Its Application to Anomaly Detection.

PubMed

Ghalyan, Najah F; Miller, David J; Ray, Asok

2018-06-12

Estimation of a generating partition is critical for symbolization of measurements from discrete-time dynamical systems, where a sequence of symbols from a (finite-cardinality) alphabet may uniquely specify the underlying time series. Such symbolization is useful for computing measures (e.g., Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy) to identify or characterize the (possibly unknown) dynamical system. It is also useful for time series classification and anomaly detection. The seminal work of Hirata, Judd, and Kilminster (2004) derives a novel objective function, akin to a clustering objective, that measures the discrepancy between a set of reconstruction values and the points from the time series. They cast estimation of a generating partition via the minimization of their objective function. Unfortunately, their proposed algorithm is nonconvergent, with no guarantee of finding even locally optimal solutions with respect to their objective. The difficulty is a heuristic-nearest neighbor symbol assignment step. Alternatively, we develop a novel, locally optimal algorithm for their objective. We apply iterative nearest-neighbor symbol assignments with guaranteed discrepancy descent, by which joint, locally optimal symbolization of the entire time series is achieved. While most previous approaches frame generating partition estimation as a state-space partitioning problem, we recognize that minimizing the Hirata et al. (2004) objective function does not induce an explicit partitioning of the state space, but rather the space consisting of the entire time series (effectively, clustering in a (countably) infinite-dimensional space). Our approach also amounts to a novel type of sliding block lossy source coding. Improvement, with respect to several measures, is demonstrated over popular methods for symbolizing chaotic maps. We also apply our approach to time-series anomaly detection, considering both chaotic maps and failure application in a polycrystalline alloy material.

Total electron content anomalies associated with global VEI4 + volcanic eruptions during 2002-2015

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Wang; Guo, Jinyun; Yue, Jianping; Shen, Yi; Yang, Yang

2016-10-01

In previous studies, little attention has been paid to the total electron content (TEC) anomalies preceding the volcanic eruption. We analyze the coupling relationship between volcanic eruption and TEC anomalies, and discuss the spatial distribution of TEC anomalies associated with volcanic geographical location. We utilize the global ionosphere map (GIM) data from the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) to analyze TEC variations before the global volcanic eruptions indicated by VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index) 4 + from 2002 to 2015 with the sliding interquartile range method. The results indicate the occurrence rate of TEC anomalies before great volcanic eruptions is related with the volcanic type and geographical position. The occurrence rate of TEC anomalies before stratovolcano and caldera eruptions is higher than that before shield and pyroclastic shield eruptions, and the occurrence rate of TEC anomalies has a descending trend from low latitudes to high latitudes. The TEC anomalies before the volcanic eruptions in low-mid latitudes are within the volcanic affected areas, but do not coincide with the volcanic foci. The corresponding TEC anomalies could be observed in the conjugated region, and all the TEC anomalies in the volcanic affected areas are usually close to bounds of equatorial anomaly zones. However, the TEC anomalies preceding these eruptions in high latitudes usually surround the volcano, and no TEC anomalies appear in the conjugated region. These conclusions have potential applications to the prediction of great volcanic eruptions in the future.

Non-local Effects of Conformal Anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meissner, Krzysztof A.; Nicolai, Hermann

2018-03-01

It is shown that the nonlocal anomalous effective actions corresponding to the quantum breaking of the conformal symmetry can lead to observable modifications of Einstein's equations. The fact that Einstein's general relativity is in perfect agreement with all observations including cosmological or recently observed gravitational waves imposes strong restrictions on the field content of possible extensions of Einstein's theory: all viable theories should have vanishing conformal anomalies. It is shown that a complete cancellation of conformal anomalies in D=4 for both the C^2 invariant and the Euler (Gauss-Bonnet) invariant can only be achieved for N-extended supergravity multiplets with N ≥ 5.

Global Horizontal Irradiance Anomalies in Long Term Series Over India

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cony, Marco; Liria, Juan; Weisenberg, Ralf; Serrano, Enrique

2014-05-01

India has a high potential for solar energy applications due to its geographic position within the Sun Belt and the large number of cloudless days in many regions of the country. However, certain regions of India, particularly those largely populated, can exhibit large aerosol loading in the atmosphere as a consequence of anthropogenic emissions that could have a negative feedback in the solar resource potential. This effect, named as solar dimming, has already been observed in India, and in some other regions in the world, by some authors using ground data from the last two decades. The recent interest in the promotion of solar energy applications in India highlights the need of extending and improving the knowledge of the solar radiation resources in this country, since most of the long term measurements available correspond to global horizontal radiation (GHI) and most of them are also located big cities or highly populated areas. In addition, accurate knowledge on the aerosol column quantification and on its dynamical behavior with high spatial resolution is particularly important in the case of India, due to their impact on direct normal irradiation. Long term studies of solar irradiation over India can be performed using monthly means of GHI measurements from the Indian Meteorological Department. Ground data are available from 1964 till today through the World Radiation Data Centre that publish these values in the web. This work shows a long term analysis of GHI using anomalies techniques over ten different sites over India. Besides, techniques of linear trends have been applied for to show the evolution over this period. The analysis of anomalies has also found two periods of different behavior. From 1964 till 1988 the anomalies observed were positive and the last 20 years seems to be a period of negative anomalies. The results exhibit a decreasing trend and negative anomalies confirming thus the darkening effect already reported by solar dimming studies

Network traffic anomaly prediction using Artificial Neural Network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ciptaningtyas, Hening Titi; Fatichah, Chastine; Sabila, Altea

2017-03-01

As the excessive increase of internet usage, the malicious software (malware) has also increase significantly. Malware is software developed by hacker for illegal purpose(s), such as stealing data and identity, causing computer damage, or denying service to other user[1]. Malware which attack computer or server often triggers network traffic anomaly phenomena. Based on Sophos's report[2], Indonesia is the riskiest country of malware attack and it also has high network traffic anomaly. This research uses Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict network traffic anomaly based on malware attack in Indonesia which is recorded by Id-SIRTII/CC (Indonesia Security Incident Response Team on Internet Infrastructure/Coordination Center). The case study is the highest malware attack (SQL injection) which has happened in three consecutive years: 2012, 2013, and 2014[4]. The data series is preprocessed first, then the network traffic anomaly is predicted using Artificial Neural Network and using two weight update algorithms: Gradient Descent and Momentum. Error of prediction is calculated using Mean Squared Error (MSE) [7]. The experimental result shows that MSE for SQL Injection is 0.03856. So, this approach can be used to predict network traffic anomaly.

Time series modelling of increased soil temperature anomalies during long period

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shirvani, Amin; Moradi, Farzad; Moosavi, Ali Akbar

2015-10-01

Soil temperature just beneath the soil surface is highly dynamic and has a direct impact on plant seed germination and is probably the most distinct and recognisable factor governing emergence. Autoregressive integrated moving average as a stochastic model was developed to predict the weekly soil temperature anomalies at 10 cm depth, one of the most important soil parameters. The weekly soil temperature anomalies for the periods of January1986-December 2011 and January 2012-December 2013 were taken into consideration to construct and test autoregressive integrated moving average models. The proposed model autoregressive integrated moving average (2,1,1) had a minimum value of Akaike information criterion and its estimated coefficients were different from zero at 5% significance level. The prediction of the weekly soil temperature anomalies during the test period using this proposed model indicated a high correlation coefficient between the observed and predicted data - that was 0.99 for lead time 1 week. Linear trend analysis indicated that the soil temperature anomalies warmed up significantly by 1.8°C during the period of 1986-2011.

Thermal and TEC anomalies detection using an intelligent hybrid system around the time of the Saravan, Iran, (Mw = 7.7) earthquake of 16 April 2013

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akhoondzadeh, M.

2014-02-01

A powerful earthquake of Mw = 7.7 struck the Saravan region (28.107° N, 62.053° E) in Iran on 16 April 2013. Up to now nomination of an automated anomaly detection method in a non linear time series of earthquake precursor has been an attractive and challenging task. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have revealed strong potentials in accurate time series prediction. This paper presents the first study of an integration of ANN and PSO method in the research of earthquake precursors to detect the unusual variations of the thermal and total electron content (TEC) seismo-ionospheric anomalies induced by the strong earthquake of Saravan. In this study, to overcome the stagnation in local minimum during the ANN training, PSO as an optimization method is used instead of traditional algorithms for training the ANN method. The proposed hybrid method detected a considerable number of anomalies 4 and 8 days preceding the earthquake. Since, in this case study, ionospheric TEC anomalies induced by seismic activity is confused with background fluctuations due to solar activity, a multi-resolution time series processing technique based on wavelet transform has been applied on TEC signal variations. In view of the fact that the accordance in the final results deduced from some robust methods is a convincing indication for the efficiency of the method, therefore the detected thermal and TEC anomalies using the ANN + PSO method were compared to the results with regard to the observed anomalies by implementing the mean, median, Wavelet, Kalman filter, Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) methods. The results indicate that the ANN + PSO method is quite promising and deserves serious attention as a new tool for thermal and TEC seismo anomalies detection.

Refining the Formation and Early Evolution of the Eastern North American Margin: New Insights From Multiscale Magnetic Anomaly Analyses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greene, John A.; Tominaga, Masako; Miller, Nathaniel C.; Hutchinson, Deborah R.; Karl, Matthew R.

2017-11-01

To investigate the oceanic lithosphere formation and early seafloor spreading history of the North Atlantic Ocean, we examine multiscale magnetic anomaly data from the Jurassic/Early Cretaceous age Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) between 31 and 40°N. We integrate newly acquired sea surface magnetic anomaly and seismic reflection data with publicly available aeromagnetic and composite magnetic anomaly grids, satellite-derived gravity anomaly, and satellite-derived and shipboard bathymetry data. We evaluate these data sets to (1) refine magnetic anomaly correlations throughout the ENAM and assign updated ages and chron numbers to M0-M25 and eight pre-M25 anomalies; (2) identify five correlatable magnetic anomalies between the East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA) and Blake Spur Magnetic Anomaly (BSMA), which may document the earliest Atlantic seafloor spreading or synrift magmatism; (3) suggest preexisting margin structure and rifting segmentation may have influenced the seafloor spreading regimes in the Atlantic Jurassic Quiet Zone (JQZ); (4) suggest that, if the BSMA source is oceanic crust, the BSMA may be M series magnetic anomaly M42 ( 168.5 Ma); (5) examine the along and across margin variation in seafloor spreading rates and spreading center orientations from the BSMA to M25, suggesting asymmetric crustal accretion accommodated the straightening of the ridge from the bend in the ECMA to the more linear M25; and (6) observe anomalously high-amplitude magnetic anomalies near the Hudson Fan, which may be related to a short-lived propagating rift segment that could have helped accommodate the crustal alignment during the early Atlantic opening.

Refining the formation and early evolution of the Eastern North American Margin: New insights from multiscale magnetic anomaly analyses

USGS Publications Warehouse

Greene, John A.; Tominaga, Masako; Miller, Nathaniel; Hutchinson, Deborah; Karl, Matthew R.

2017-01-01

To investigate the oceanic lithosphere formation and early seafloor spreading history of the North Atlantic Ocean, we examine multiscale magnetic anomaly data from the Jurassic/Early Cretaceous age Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) between 31 and 40°N. We integrate newly acquired sea surface magnetic anomaly and seismic reflection data with publicly available aeromagnetic and composite magnetic anomaly grids, satellite-derived gravity anomaly, and satellite-derived and shipboard bathymetry data. We evaluate these data sets to (1) refine magnetic anomaly correlations throughout the ENAM and assign updated ages and chron numbers to M0–M25 and eight pre-M25 anomalies; (2) identify five correlatable magnetic anomalies between the East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA) and Blake Spur Magnetic Anomaly (BSMA), which may document the earliest Atlantic seafloor spreading or synrift magmatism; (3) suggest preexisting margin structure and rifting segmentation may have influenced the seafloor spreading regimes in the Atlantic Jurassic Quiet Zone (JQZ); (4) suggest that, if the BSMA source is oceanic crust, the BSMA may be M series magnetic anomaly M42 (~168.5 Ma); (5) examine the along and across margin variation in seafloor spreading rates and spreading center orientations from the BSMA to M25, suggesting asymmetric crustal accretion accommodated the straightening of the ridge from the bend in the ECMA to the more linear M25; and (6) observe anomalously high-amplitude magnetic anomalies near the Hudson Fan, which may be related to a short-lived propagating rift segment that could have helped accommodate the crustal alignment during the early Atlantic opening.

Conformal anomaly and off-shell extensions of gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meissner, Krzysztof A.; Nicolai, Hermann

2017-08-01

The gauge dependence of the conformal anomaly for spin-3/2 and spin-2 fields in nonconformal supergravities has been a long standing puzzle. In this paper we argue that the "correct" gauge choice is the one that follows from requiring all terms that would imply a violation of the Wess-Zumino consistency condition to be absent in the counterterm, because otherwise the usual link between the anomaly and the one-loop divergence becomes invalid. Remarkably, the "good" choice of gauge is the one that confirms our previous result [K. A. Meissner and H. Nicolai, Phys. Lett. B 772, 169 (2017)., 10.1016/j.physletb.2017.06.031] that a complete cancellation of conformal anomalies in D =4 can only be achieved for N -extended (Poincaré) supergravities with N ≥5 .

First branchial cleft anomalies: presentation, variability and safe surgical management.

PubMed

Magdy, Emad A; Ashram, Yasmine A

2013-05-01

First branchial cleft (FBC) anomalies are uncommon. The aim of this retrospective clinical study is to describe our experience in dealing with these sporadically reported lesions. Eighteen cases presenting with various FBC anomalies managed surgically during an 8-year period at a tertiary referral medical institution were included. Ten were males (56 %) and eight females (44 %) with age range 3-18 years. Anomaly was right-sided in 12 cases (67 %). None were bilateral. Nine patients (50 %) had prior abscess incision and drainage procedures ranging from 1 to 9 times. Two also had previous unsuccessful surgical excisions. Clinical presentations included discharging tract openings in external auditory canal/conchal bowl (n = 9), periauricular (n = 6), or upper neck (n = 4); cystic postauricular, parotid or upper neck swellings (n = 5); and eczematous scars (n = 9). Three distinct anatomical types were encountered: sinuses (n = 7), fistulas (n = 6), and cysts (n = 5). Complete surgical excision required superficial parotidectomy in 11 patients (61 %). Anomaly was deep to facial nerve (FN) in three cases (17 %), in-between its branches in two (11 %) and superficial (but sometimes adherent to the nerve) in remaining cases (72 %). Continuous intraoperative electrophysiological FN monitoring was used in all cases. Two cases had postoperative temporary lower FN paresis that recovered within 2 months. No further anomaly manifestation was observed after 49.8 months' mean postoperative follow-up (range 10-107 months). This study has shown that awareness of different presentations and readiness to identify and protect FN during surgery is essential for successful management of FBC anomalies. Intraoperative electrophysiological FN monitoring can help in that respect.

A new series of oxycarbonate superconductors (Cu(0.5)C(0.5))(m)Ba(m+1)Ca(n-1)Cu(n)O2(m+n)+1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Takayama-Muromachi, E.; Kawashima, T.; Matsui, Y.

1995-01-01

We found a new series of oxycarbonate superconductors in the Ba-CaCu-C-O system under high pressure of 5 GPa. Their ideal formula is (Cu(0.5)C(0.5)(m)Ba(m+1)Ca(n-1)Cu(n)O2)((m+n)+1) ((Cu,C)-m(m+1)(n-1)n). Thus far, n = 3, 4 members of the m = 1 series, (Cu,C)-1223 and (Cu,C)-1234, have been prepared in bulk while n = 4, 5 members, (Cu,C)-2334 and (Cu,C)-2345, have been prepared for the m = 2 series. (Cu,C)-1223 shows superconductivity below 67 K while T(sub c)'s of other compounds are above 110 K. In particular, (Cu,C)-1234 has the highest T(sub c) of 117 K.

New fluorescent probes for visual proteins. Part II. 5-(Oxo)penta-2,4-dienyl-p-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate.

PubMed

Papper, Vladislav; Kharlanov, Vladimir; Schädel, Sandra; Maretzki, Dieter; Rettig, Wolfgang

2003-12-01

A new dual-fluorescent compound, 5-(oxo)penta-2,4-dienyl-p-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate (1), a derivative of dimethylaminobenzoic acid, has been synthesised and studied photophysically. This compound continues the series of potential fluorescent probes for visual and proton-pumping opsin proteins. The photophysical behaviour of this molecule, including charge-transfer interaction in the ground state and dual-fluorescence emission, is similar to that of the previously studied analogue cis-3-(oxo)propenyl-p-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate (cis-2). The presence of several theoretically calculated conformers of compound 2 was suggested to be responsible for the observed strongly red-shifted absorption and excitation wavelength dependence. These photophysical anomalies were also observed for molecule 1, though the models put forward to explain them in the cases of 1 and 2 are rather different. Based on theoretical calculations and experimental results, we propose that some of the stable conformers might be connected with either a charge-transfer complex or mesomeric interactions in the ground state. Upon changing the electronic nature of the oxo-pentadienyl acceptor moiety, e.g. protonation, chemical or biochemical reaction, the charge-transfer absorption disappears, which leads to a dramatic increase in the fluorescence quantum yield.

Systemic venous anomalies in the Middle East

PubMed Central

Corno, Antonio F.; Alahdal, Sami A.; Das, Karuna Moy

2013-01-01

Introduction: Systemic venous anomalies are quite rare and can be associated with congenital heart disease requiring surgery. Materials and Methods: All consecutive patients (pts) undergoing surgery for congenital heart defects were retrospectively analyzed for presence of systemic venous anomalies: (a) Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC)(b) Inferior vena cava (IVC) interruption(c) Retro-aortic innominate vein Results: From 9/2010 to 5/2012 155 pts, median age 7 months, mean age 1.3 years (3 days–50 years), median weight 4 kg, mean weight 7.2 kg (0.6–110 kg) underwent congenital heart surgery. Twenty-nine systemic venous anomalies were identified in 28/155 patients (=18.1%). PLSVC was present in 21 pts (=13.5%), median age 4 months, mean age 2.7 years (3 days–22 years), median weight 6 kg, mean weight 10.1 kg (2.4–43.0 kg). IVC interruption was identified in 5 pts (=3.2%), median age 2 months, mean age 5.4 years (30 days–26 years), median weight 3.7 kg, median weight 17 kg (2.3–68.0 kg). Retro-aortic innominate vein was diagnosed in 3 pts (=1.9%), median age 5 years, mean age 3.7 years (10 months–5 years), median weight 12 kg, mean weight 10.1 kg (4.5–14 kg). Complete pre-operative diagnosis was obtained in 14/28 (=50%) pts with echocardiography and in other 8/28 (=28.6%) only after computed tomography (CT) scan, for a total of 22/28 (=78.6%) correct pre-operative diagnosis. In 6/28 (=21.4%) patients the diagnosis was intra-operative. Total incidence of systemic venous anomalies was 18.1% (vs. 4% in the literature, P = 0.0009), with presence of PLSVC = 13.5% (vs. 0.3–4.0%, respectively P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0012), IVC interruption = 3.2% (vs. 0.1–1.3%, N.S.), and retro-aortic innominate vein = 1.9% (vs. 0.2–1%, N.S.). Conclusions: Our study showed an incidence of systemic venous anomalies in Middle Eastern pts with congenital heart defects higher than previously reported. In 78.6% of pts the diagnosis was correctly made before surgery

Super reduced Fe4S4 cluster of Balch's dithiolene series.

PubMed

Begum, Ameerunisha; Moula, Golam; Bose, Moumita; Sarkar, Sabyasachi

2012-03-28

A super reduced Fe(4)S(4) cluster with a sulfur based radical, [NBu(4)](4)[Fe(3)(III)Fe(II)(μ(3)-S)(4)(mnt)(3)(6-)(mnt)(1-)˙](4-)˙, (1) (mnt, maleonitrile dithiolate) which evolves H(2)S gas on treatment with acid under ambient conditions has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The Fe-S distances in 1 are in the range 2.246-2.383 Å, in stark contrast to that of the known n = -2 member of the series based on the [Fe(4)(μ(3)-S)(4)(S(2)C(2)R(2))(4)](n) unit (R = CF(3), Ph) with Fe-S bond lengths of 2.149-2.186 Å. The EPR of 1 displays very weak signals at g, 4.03 and 2.38 along with a strong S-based radical EPR signal at g, 2.003 associated with five structured components tentatively assigned to hyperfine interaction arising out of the naturally abundant (57)Fe with = 88 G. The EPR profile resembles the reduced Fe-S cluster of CO inhibited Clostridium pasteurianum W5 hydrogenase or the Fe(4)S(4) centers of wild-type enzyme, IspH treated with HMBPP or IPP.

Associated congenital anomalies among cases with Down syndrome.

PubMed

Stoll, Claude; Dott, Beatrice; Alembik, Yves; Roth, Marie-Paule

2015-12-01

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common congenital anomaly widely studied for at least 150 years. However, the type and the frequency of congenital anomalies associated with DS are still controversial. Despite prenatal diagnosis and elective termination of pregnancy for fetal anomalies, in Europe, from 2008 to 2012 the live birth prevalence of DS per 10,000 was 10. 2. The objectives of this study were to examine the major congenital anomalies occurring in infants and fetuses with Down syndrome. The material for this study came from 402,532 consecutive pregnancies of known outcome registered by our registry of congenital anomalies between 1979 and 2008. Four hundred sixty seven (64%) out of the 728 cases with DS registered had at least one major associated congenital anomaly. The most common associated anomalies were cardiac anomalies, 323 cases (44%), followed by digestive system anomalies, 42 cases (6%), musculoskeletal system anomalies, 35 cases (5%), urinary system anomalies, 28 cases (4%), respiratory system anomalies, 13 cases (2%), and other system anomalies, 26 cases (3.6%). Among the cases with DS with congenital heart defects, the most common cardiac anomaly was atrioventricular septal defect (30%) followed by atrial septum defect (25%), ventricular septal defect (22%), patent ductus arteriosus (5%), coarctation of aorta (5%), and tetralogy of Fallot (3%). Among the cases with DS with a digestive system anomaly recorded, duodenal atresia (67%), Hirschsprung disease (14%), and tracheo-esophageal atresia (10%) were the most common. Fourteen (2%) of the cases with DS had an obstructive anomaly of the renal pelvis, including hydronephrosis. The other most common anomalies associated with cases with DS were syndactyly, club foot, polydactyly, limb reduction, cataract, hydrocephaly, cleft palate, hypospadias and diaphragmatic hernia. Many studies to assess the anomalies associated with DS have reported various results. There is no agreement in the literature as to

VU6010608, a Novel mGlu7 NAM from a Series of N-(2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzamides.

PubMed

Reed, Carson W; McGowan, Kevin M; Spearing, Paul K; Stansley, Branden J; Roenfanz, Hanna F; Engers, Darren W; Rodriguez, Alice L; Engelberg, Eileen M; Luscombe, Vincent B; Loch, Matthew T; Remke, Daniel H; Rook, Jerri M; Blobaum, Anna L; Conn, P Jeffrey; Niswender, Colleen M; Lindsley, Craig W

2017-12-14

Herein, we report the structure-activity relationships within a series of mGlu 7 NAMs based on an N -(2-(1 H -1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzamide core with excellent CNS penetration ( K p 1.9-5.8 and K p,uu 0.4-1.4). Analogues in this series displayed steep SAR. Of these, VU6010608 ( 11a ) emerged with robust efficacy in blocking high frequency stimulated long-term potentiation in electrophysiology studies.

Discovering System Health Anomalies Using Data Mining Techniques

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sriastava, Ashok, N.

2005-01-01

We present a data mining framework for the analysis and discovery of anomalies in high-dimensional time series of sensor measurements that would be found in an Integrated System Health Monitoring system. We specifically treat the problem of discovering anomalous features in the time series that may be indicative of a system anomaly, or in the case of a manned system, an anomaly due to the human. Identification of these anomalies is crucial to building stable, reusable, and cost-efficient systems. The framework consists of an analysis platform and new algorithms that can scale to thousands of sensor streams to discovers temporal anomalies. We discuss the mathematical framework that underlies the system and also describe in detail how this framework is general enough to encompass both discrete and continuous sensor measurements. We also describe a new set of data mining algorithms based on kernel methods and hidden Markov models that allow for the rapid assimilation, analysis, and discovery of system anomalies. We then describe the performance of the system on a real-world problem in the aircraft domain where we analyze the cockpit data from aircraft as well as data from the aircraft propulsion, control, and guidance systems. These data are discrete and continuous sensor measurements and are dealt with seamlessly in order to discover anomalous flights. We conclude with recommendations that describe the tradeoffs in building an integrated scalable platform for robust anomaly detection in ISHM applications.

Vascular Anomalies (Part I): Classification and Diagnostics of Vascular Anomalies.

PubMed

Sadick, Maliha; Müller-Wille, René; Wildgruber, Moritz; Wohlgemuth, Walter A

2018-06-06

 Vascular anomalies are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. They require dedicated interdisciplinary management. Optimal patient care relies on integral medical evaluation and a classification system established by experts in the field, to provide a better understanding of these complex vascular entities.  A dedicated classification system according to the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) and the German Interdisciplinary Society of Vascular Anomalies (DiGGefA) is presented. The vast spectrum of diagnostic modalities, ranging from ultrasound with color Doppler, conventional X-ray, CT with 4 D imaging and MRI as well as catheter angiography for appropriate assessment is discussed.  Congenital vascular anomalies are comprised of vascular tumors, based on endothelial cell proliferation and vascular malformations with underlying mesenchymal and angiogenetic disorder. Vascular tumors tend to regress with patient's age, vascular malformations increase in size and are subdivided into capillary, venous, lymphatic, arterio-venous and combined malformations, depending on their dominant vasculature. According to their appearance, venous malformations are the most common representative of vascular anomalies (70 %), followed by lymphatic malformations (12 %), arterio-venous malformations (8 %), combined malformation syndromes (6 %) and capillary malformations (4 %).  The aim is to provide an overview of the current classification system and diagnostic characterization of vascular anomalies in order to facilitate interdisciplinary management of vascular anomalies.   · Vascular anomalies are comprised of vascular tumors and vascular malformations, both considered to be rare diseases.. · Appropriate treatment depends on correct classification and diagnosis of vascular anomalies, which is based on established national and international classification systems, recommendations and guidelines.. · In the classification

Magnetic resonance and computed tomographic features of 4 cases of canine congenital thoracic vertebral anomalies

PubMed Central

Berlanda, Michele; Zotti, Alessandro; Brandazza, Giada; Poser, Helen; Calò, Pietro; Bernardini, Marco

2011-01-01

Magnetic resonance and computed tomography features of 4 cases of canine congenital vertebral anomalies (CVAs) are discussed. Two of the cases represent unusual presentations for such anomalies that commonly affect screw-tail or toy breeds. Moreover, the combination of CVAs and a congenital peritoneo-pericardial diaphragmatic hernia has never before been imaged. PMID:22654139

Firefly Algorithm in detection of TEC seismo-ionospheric anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akhoondzadeh, Mehdi

2015-07-01

Anomaly detection in time series of different earthquake precursors is an essential introduction to create an early warning system with an allowable uncertainty. Since these time series are more often non linear, complex and massive, therefore the applied predictor method should be able to detect the discord patterns from a large data in a short time. This study acknowledges Firefly Algorithm (FA) as a simple and robust predictor to detect the TEC (Total Electron Content) seismo-ionospheric anomalies around the time of the some powerful earthquakes including Chile (27 February 2010), Varzeghan (11 August 2012) and Saravan (16 April 2013). Outstanding anomalies were observed 7 and 5 days before the Chile and Varzeghan earthquakes, respectively and also 3 and 8 days prior to the Saravan earthquake.

A method of inversion of satellite magnetic anomaly data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mayhew, M. A.

1977-01-01

A method of finding a first approximation to a crustal magnetization distribution from inversion of satellite magnetic anomaly data is described. Magnetization is expressed as a Fourier Series in a segment of spherical shell. Input to this procedure is an equivalent source representation of the observed anomaly field. Instability of the inversion occurs when high frequency noise is present in the input data, or when the series is carried to an excessively high wave number. Preliminary results are given for the United States and adjacent areas.

CMB-S4 and the hemispherical variance anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

O'Dwyer, Márcio; Copi, Craig J.; Knox, Lloyd; Starkman, Glenn D.

2017-09-01

Cosmic microwave background (CMB) full-sky temperature data show a hemispherical asymmetry in power nearly aligned with the Ecliptic. In real space, this anomaly can be quantified by the temperature variance in the Northern and Southern Ecliptic hemispheres, with the Northern hemisphere displaying an anomalously low variance while the Southern hemisphere appears unremarkable [consistent with expectations from the best-fitting theory, Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM)]. While this is a well-established result in temperature, the low signal-to-noise ratio in current polarization data prevents a similar comparison. This will change with a proposed ground-based CMB experiment, CMB-S4. With that in mind, we generate realizations of polarization maps constrained by the temperature data and predict the distribution of the hemispherical variance in polarization considering two different sky coverage scenarios possible in CMB-S4: full Ecliptic north coverage and just the portion of the North that can be observed from a ground-based telescope at the high Chilean Atacama plateau. We find that even in the set of realizations constrained by the temperature data, the low Northern hemisphere variance observed in temperature is not expected in polarization. Therefore, observing an anomalously low variance in polarization would make the hypothesis that the temperature anomaly is simply a statistical fluke more unlikely and thus increase the motivation for physical explanations. We show, within ΛCDM, how variance measurements in both sky coverage scenarios are related. We find that the variance makes for a good statistic in cases where the sky coverage is limited, however, full northern coverage is still preferable.

B-decay anomalies in Pati-Salam SU(4)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barbieri, Riccardo; Tesi, Andrea

2018-03-01

Attempts to incorporate in a coherent picture the B-decay anomalies presumably observed in b→ c and b→ s semi-leptonic decays have to face the absence of signals in other related experiments, both at low and at high energies. By extending and making more precise the content of Barbieri et al. (Eur Phys J C 77(1):8, 2017), we describe one such attempt based on the Pati-Salam SU(4) group, that unifies colour and the B- L charge, in the context of a new strongly interacting sector, equally responsible for producing a pseudo-Goldstone Higgs boson.

Spacecraft Environmental Anomalies Handbook

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-01

1989 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE S. FUNDING NUMBERS SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ANOMALIES HANDBOOK 282201AA PE: 63410F 6. AUTHOR(S) Paul A. Robinson, Jr 7...engineering solutions for mitigating the effects of environmental anomalies have been developed. Among the causes o, spacecraft anomalies are surface...have been discovered after years of investig!:tion, and engineering solutions for mitigating the effccts of environmental anomalies have been developed

Influence of the axial anomaly on the decay N (1535 )→N η

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Olbrich, Lisa; Zétényi, Miklós; Giacosa, Francesco; Rischke, Dirk H.

2018-01-01

The decay width of N (1535 )→N η is as large as that of N (1535 )→N π . This is in evident conflict with simple expectations based on flavor symmetry and phase space. Similarly, the decay width of Λ (1670 )→Λ (1116 )η is larger than predicted by flavor symmetry. In this work, we propose that the axial U (1 )A anomaly is responsible for an enhanced coupling of (some) excited baryons to the η meson. We test this idea by including a new, chirally symmetric but U (1 )A anomalous, term in an effective hadronic model describing baryons and their chiral partners in the mirror assignment. This term enhances the decay of the chiral partners into baryons and an η meson, such as N (1535 )→N η . Moreover, a strong coupling of N (1535 ) to N η' emerges (this is important for studies of η' production processes). Our approach shows that N (1535 ) is predominantly the chiral partner of N (939 ), and Λ (1670 ) the chiral partner of Λ (1116 ). Finally, our formalism can be used to couple the pseudoscalar glueball G ˜ to baryons. We expect a large cross section for the reaction p ¯ p →G ˜ →p ¯ p (1535 ) , which can be experimentally tested in the future PANDA experiment.

Magnetic Anomaly Lineations in the Gulf of Aden

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Noguchi, Y.; Nakanishi, M.; Tamaki, K.; Fujimoto, H.; Huchon, P.; Leroy, S. D.; Styles, P.

2014-12-01

We present the magnetic anomaly lineations in the Gulf of Aden. The Gulf of Aden has slow spreading ridges between the Arabia Plate and Somalia Plate. The Arabian plate moves away from Somalia Plate in an NE direction, at a rate of about 2 cm/yr. Previous works indicates that seafloor spreading started about 20 Ma in the eastern part of the Gulf of Aden and propagated westward. The spreading axis has a E-W trend west of 46 E and that east of 46 E has a N60 W trend. We examined magnetic data acquired in the cruises by R/V L'Atalante in 1995, R/V Hakuho-maru from 2000 to 2001, R/V Maurice Ewing in 2001, and Shackleton in 1975 and 1979. We also used data obtained from National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA. We calculated magnetic anomalies using the latest Internation Geomagnetic Reference Field. Elongated negative magnetic anomalies, which amplitude are more than 500 nT, observed over the spreading centers. Most of the elongated anomalies are parallel with the spreading centers. The elongated magnetic anomalies west of 46 30'E have an E-W trend around the spreading centers. Several discontinuities in the magnetic anomaly contour map illustrate the position of the fracture zones concealed by sediments. We identified magnetic lineations from 43 E to 52 E. Most of magnetic lineations west and east of 46 30'E have N-E and N60-65 W strikes, respectively. The oldest lineations are C3r (5.48~5.74 Ma) between 43 10'E and 44 E and C5Ar (12.4~12.7 Ma) east of 44 E. Our identification of magnetic anomaly lineations indicates a symmetric seafloor spreading with a spreading rate of about 1.0 cm/yr, although Leroy et al. (2004) showed an asymmetric seafloor spreading of the Sheba Ridge, east of our study area. The kinematics of the Arabia plate changed about 5 Ma, but our results did not show any coeval change in spreading rates of the spreading system in the Gulf of Aden.

Spatial Correlations of Anomalies of Tropospheric Temperature and Water Vapor, Cloud Cover, and OLR with the El Nino Index

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Susskind, Joel; Iredell, Lena; Lee, Jae N.

2014-01-01

In this presentation, we will show AIRS Version-6 area weighted anomaly time series over the time period September 2002 through August 2014 of atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles as a function of height. These anomaly time series show very different behaviors in the stratosphere and in the troposphere. Tropical mean stratospheric temperature anomaly time series are very strongly influenced by the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) with large anomalies that propagate downward from 1 mb to 100 mb with a period of about two years. AIRS stratospheric temperature anomalies are in good agreement with those obtained by MLS over a common period. Tropical mean tropospheric temperature profile anomalies appear to be totally disconnected from those of the stratosphere and closely follow El Nino La Nina activity.

Test Series 2. 4: detailed test plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

Test Series 2.4 comprises the fourth sub-series of tests to be scheduled as a part of Test Series 2, the second stage of the combustion research program to be carried out at the Grimethorpe Experimental Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion Facility. Test Series 2.1, the first sub-series of tests, was completed in February 1983, and the first part of the second sub-series, Test Series 2.3, in October 1983. Test Series 2.2 was completed in February 1984 after which the second part of Test Series 2.3 commenced. The Plan for Test Series 2.4 consists of 350 data gathering hours to be completedmore » within 520 coal burning hours. This document provides a brief description of the Facility and modifications which have been made following the completion of Test Series 2.1. No further modifications were made following the completion of the first part of Test Series 2.3 or Test Series 2.2. The operating requirements for Test Series 2.4 are specified. The tests will be performed using a UK coal (Lady Windsor), and a UK limestone (Middleton) both nominated by the FRG. Seven objectives are proposed which are to be fulfilled by thirteen test conditions. Six part load tests based on input supplied by Kraftwerk Union AG are included. The cascade is expected to be on line for each test condition and total cascade exposure is expected to be in excess of 450 hours. Details of sampling and special measurements are given. A test plan schedule envisages the full test series being completed within a two month calendar period. Finally, a number of contingency strategies are proposed. 3 figures, 14 tables.« less

Deep learning on temporal-spectral data for anomaly detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, King; Leung, Henry; Jalilian, Ehsan; Huang, Daniel

2017-05-01

Detecting anomalies is important for continuous monitoring of sensor systems. One significant challenge is to use sensor data and autonomously detect changes that cause different conditions to occur. Using deep learning methods, we are able to monitor and detect changes as a result of some disturbance in the system. We utilize deep neural networks for sequence analysis of time series. We use a multi-step method for anomaly detection. We train the network to learn spectral and temporal features from the acoustic time series. We test our method using fiber-optic acoustic data from a pipeline.

DSCS II. Battery Anomaly Investigation Satellites 9437 and 9438.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-25

Chronology Prior to Identifying the Anomaly 2-1 3 . ANOMALY OBSERVATIONS 3 -1 3.1 Satellite 9437 3 -1 3.1.1 State of the Batteries Prior to the Anomaly...Observation 3 -1 3.1.2 Anomalous Behavior 3 -1 3.2 Satellite 9438 3 -6 3.2.1 State of the Batteries Prior to the Anomaly Observation 3 -6 3.2.2 Anomalous...Behavior 3 -6 4. ANOMALY INVESTIGATIONS 4-1 4.1 Scope 4-1 4.2 Postulated Causes of the Anomaly 4-1 4.3 Cell Short Circuits 4-2 4.3.1 Evidence in Support of

Patterns of third-molar agenesis and associated dental anomalies in an orthodontic population.

PubMed

Celikoglu, Mevlut; Bayram, Mehmet; Nur, Metin

2011-12-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients with different patterns of third-molar agenesis, comparing them with patients without third-molar agenesis. A sample of 374 patients with agenesis of at least 1 third molar was divided into 4 groups according to the third-molar agenesis pattern, and a control group of 98 patients without third-molar agenesis was randomly selected from the patient archives. Panoramic radiographs and cast models were used to determine the associated dental anomalies, such as hypodontia, hyperdontia, impaction, dilaceration, microdontia, ectopic eruption, transposition, and transmigration. The Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to determine the differences in the distribution of the associated dental anomalies among the groups. The prevalence of agenesis of other teeth (11.2%, n = 42) was significantly greater in our study sample (groups 1-4) than in the control group (group 5) (4.1%, n = 4; P <0.05). When we compared the groups according to the various third-molar agenesis patterns, we found that agenesis of other teeth was more common in patients with agenesis of 3 and 4 third molars. In addition, the patients with agenesis of 4 third molars exhibited maxillary lateral-incisor microdontia more frequently. Another important finding was a higher prevalence of total dental anomalies in patients with agenesis of 3 and 4 third molars compared with the control group. Permanent tooth agenesis, microdontia of maxillary lateral incisors, and total dental anomalies are more frequently associated with agenesis of 4 third molars than with the presence of third molars. Copyright © 2011 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

On the Weyl anomaly of 4D conformal higher spins: a holographic approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Acevedo, S.; Aros, R.; Bugini, F.; Diaz, D. E.

2017-11-01

We present a first attempt to derive the full (type-A and type-B) Weyl anomaly of four dimensional conformal higher spin (CHS) fields in a holographic way. We obtain the type-A and type-B Weyl anomaly coefficients for the whole family of 4D CHS fields from the one-loop effective action for massless higher spin (MHS) Fronsdal fields evaluated on a 5D bulk Poincaré-Einstein metric with an Einstein metric on its conformal boundary. To gain access to the type-B anomaly coefficient we assume, for practical reasons, a Lichnerowicz-type coupling of the bulk Fronsdal fields with the bulk background Weyl tensor. Remarkably enough, our holographic findings under this simplifying assumption are certainly not unknown: they match the results previously found on the boundary counterpart under the assumption of factorization of the CHS higher-derivative kinetic operator into Laplacians of "partially massless" higher spins on Einstein backgrounds.

Studies of singlet Rydberg series of LiH derived from Li(nl) + H(1s), with n ≤ 6 and l ≤ 4

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gim, Yeongrok; Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749; Lee, Chun-Woo, E-mail: clee@ajou.ac.kr

2014-10-14

The 50 singlet states of LiH composed of 49 Rydberg states and one non-Rydberg ionic state derivable from Li(nl) + H(1s), with n ≤ 6 and l ≤ 4, are studied using the multi-reference configuration interaction method combined with the Stuttgart/Köln group's effective core potential/core polarization potential method. Basis functions that can yield energy levels up to the 6g orbital of Li have been developed, and they are used with a huge number of universal Kaufmann basis functions for Rydberg states. The systematics and regularities of the physical properties such as potential energies, quantum defects, permanent dipole moments, transition dipolemore » moments, and nonadiabatic coupling matrix elements of the Rydberg series are studied. The behaviors of potential energy curves and quantum defect curves are explained using the Fermi approximation. The permanent dipole moments of the Rydberg series reveal that they are determined by the sizes of the Rydberg orbitals, which are proportional to n{sup 2}. Interesting mirror relationships of the dipole moments are observed between l-mixed Rydberg series, with the rule Δl = ±1, except for s–d mixing, which is also accompanied by n-mixing. The members of the l-mixed Rydberg series have dipole moments with opposite directions. The first derivatives of the dipole moment curves, which show the charge-transfer component, clearly show not only mirror relationships in terms of direction but also oscillations. The transition dipole moment matrix elements of the Rydberg series are determined by the small-r region, with two consequences. One is that the transition dipole moment matrix elements show n{sup −3/2} dependence. The other is that the magnitudes of the transition dipole moment matrix elements decrease rapidly as l increases.« less

Studies of singlet Rydberg series of LiH derived from Li(nl) + H(1s), with n ≤ 6 and l ≤ 4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gim, Yeongrok; Lee, Chun-Woo

2014-10-01

The 50 singlet states of LiH composed of 49 Rydberg states and one non-Rydberg ionic state derivable from Li(nl) + H(1s), with n ≤ 6 and l ≤ 4, are studied using the multi-reference configuration interaction method combined with the Stuttgart/Köln group's effective core potential/core polarization potential method. Basis functions that can yield energy levels up to the 6g orbital of Li have been developed, and they are used with a huge number of universal Kaufmann basis functions for Rydberg states. The systematics and regularities of the physical properties such as potential energies, quantum defects, permanent dipole moments, transition dipole moments, and nonadiabatic coupling matrix elements of the Rydberg series are studied. The behaviors of potential energy curves and quantum defect curves are explained using the Fermi approximation. The permanent dipole moments of the Rydberg series reveal that they are determined by the sizes of the Rydberg orbitals, which are proportional to n2. Interesting mirror relationships of the dipole moments are observed between l-mixed Rydberg series, with the rule Δl = ±1, except for s-d mixing, which is also accompanied by n-mixing. The members of the l-mixed Rydberg series have dipole moments with opposite directions. The first derivatives of the dipole moment curves, which show the charge-transfer component, clearly show not only mirror relationships in terms of direction but also oscillations. The transition dipole moment matrix elements of the Rydberg series are determined by the small-r region, with two consequences. One is that the transition dipole moment matrix elements show n-3/2 dependence. The other is that the magnitudes of the transition dipole moment matrix elements decrease rapidly as l increases.

Coherent-anomaly method in self-avoiding walk problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Xiao; Suzuki, Masuo

1988-06-01

Self-avoiding walk (SAW), being a nonequilibrium cooperative phenomenon, is investigated with a finite-order-restricted-walk (finite-ORW or FORW) coherent-anomaly method (CAM). The coefficient β 1 r in the asymptotic form C nr≅ β 1 r λ n1 r for the total number C nr of r- ORW's with respect to the step number n is investigated for the first time. An asymptotic form for SAW's is thus obtained form the series of FORW approximants, C nr≅ brgμ n(1 + a/r) n, as the envelope curve C n≅b(ae/g) gμ nn g. Numerical results are given by C n≅1.424 n0.27884.1507 n and C n≅1.179 n0.158710.005 n for the plane triangular lattice and f.c.c. lattice, respectively. A good coincidence of the total numbers estimated from the above simple formulae with exact enumerations for finite-step SAW's implies that the essential nature of SAW (non-Markov process) can be understood from FORW (Markov process) in the CAM framework.

The location and nature of the Telemzan High Ghadames basin boundary in southern Tunisia based on gravity and magnetic anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gabtni, H.; Jallouli, C.; Mickus, K. L.; Zouari, H.; Turki, M. M.

2006-03-01

Gravity and magnetic data were analyzed to add constraints on the location and nature of the Telemzan-Ghadames boundary (TGB) and structure of the Ghadames basin in southern Tunisia. TGB is the boundary between the thick sedimentary cover of the intracratonic Ghadames basin to the south and the thin sedimentary cover of the Saharan platform to the north. The upward continuation of the Bouguer gravity anomalies showed that the TGB is a regional geophysical feature that may have controlled the amount of sediment being deposited both north and south of the boundary and the tectonic environment in the region since Paleozoic time. To emphasize the shorter wavelength gravity and magnetic anomalies, a series of gray scale images of the directional horizontal gradients were constructed that determined a series of previously unknown east-west-trending gravity and magnetic anomalies south of 31.6°N that correspond to lineaments seen on a Landsat 7 image and the location of the TGB. Also, an edge-enhancement analysis illustrated the same linear gravity anomalies and showed the subbasins and uplifts within the Ghadames basin had source depths of between 0.5 and 3.4 km. A north-south trending gravity model showed that the TGB is a relatively gradual feature (possibly basement stepped down by relatively low-displacement faulting) controlling the subsidence of the main Ghadames basin and confirms the edge-enhancement analysis that subbasin S3 and uplift U1 are the main structural features within the Ghadames basin. The knowledge of basement architecture of the Ghadames basin is important for future petroleum exploration within this intracratonic basin.

Surgical outcomes of Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism Type II with intracranial vascular anomalies.

PubMed

Teo, Mario; Johnson, Jeremiah N; Bell-Stephens, Teresa E; Marks, Michael P; Do, Huy M; Dodd, Robert L; Bober, Michael B; Steinberg, Gary K

2016-12-01

OBJECTIVE Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism Type II (MOPD II) is a rare genetic disorder. Features of it include extremely small stature, severe microcephaly, and normal or near-normal intelligence. Previous studies have found that more than 50% of patients with MOPD II have intracranial vascular anomalies, but few successful surgical revascularization or aneurysm-clipping cases have been reported because of the diminutive arteries and narrow surgical corridors in these patients. Here, the authors report on a large series of patients with MOPD II who underwent surgery for an intracranial vascular anomaly. METHODS In conjunction with an approved prospective registry of patients with MOPD II, a prospectively collected institutional surgical database of children with MOPD II and intracranial vascular anomalies who underwent surgery was analyzed retrospectively to establish long-term outcomes. RESULTS Ten patients with MOPD II underwent surgery between 2005 and 2012; 5 patients had moyamoya disease (MMD), 2 had intracranial aneurysms, and 3 had both MMD and aneurysms. Patients presented with transient ischemic attack (TIA) (n = 2), ischemic stroke (n = 2), intraparenchymal hemorrhage from MMD (n = 1), and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 1), and 4 were diagnosed on screening. The mean age of the 8 patients with MMD, all of whom underwent extracranial-intracranial revascularization (14 indirect, 1 direct) was 9 years (range 1-17 years). The mean age of the 5 patients with aneurysms was 15.5 years (range 9-18 years). Two patients experienced postoperative complications (1 transient weakness after clipping, 1 femoral thrombosis that required surgical repair). During a mean follow-up of 5.9 years (range 3-10 years), 3 patients died (1 of subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1 of myocardial infarct, and 1 of respiratory failure), and 1 patient had continued TIAs. All of the surviving patients recovered to their neurological baseline. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MMD

Coherent-Anomaly Method in Self-Avoiding Walk Problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Xiao; Suzuki, Masuo

Self-avoiding walk (SAW), being a nonequilibrium cooperative phenomenon, is investigated with a finite-order-restricted-walk (finite-ORW or FORW) coherent-anomaly method (CAM). The coefficient β1r in the asymptotic form Cnr ≃ βlrλn1r for the total number Cnr of r-ORW's with respect to the step number n is investigated for the first time. An asymptotic form for SAW's is thus obtained from the series of FORW approximants, Cnr ≃ brgμ(1 + a/r)n, as the envelope curve Cn ≃ b(ae/g)gμnng. Numerical results are given by Cn ≃ 1.424n0.27884.1507n and Cn ≃ 1.179n0.158710.005n for the plane triangular lattice and f.c.c. lattice, respectively. A good coincidence of the total numbers estimated from the above simple formulae with exact enumerations for finite-step SAW's implies that the essential nature of SAW (non-Markov process) can be understood from FORW (Markov process) in the CAM framework.

Recent physical-chemical anomalies and associated ecological responses in southern California kelp forests

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, R. J.; Reed, D.; Washburn, L.; Bell, T. W.; Blanchette, C. A.

2016-02-01

Time series data collected by the Santa Barbara Coastal Long-Term Ecological Research program on giant kelp forests and the environmental factors that influence them provide a unique opportunity to examine the extent and ecological consequences of recent anomalies in physical and chemical properties of a shallow water benthic marine ecosystem. Positive temperature anomalies have been recorded in all but two months since early 2013 with deviations ranging as high as 3.8 oC above the 14-year monthly mean, which is unprecedented in the time series. Positive anomalies in salinity (DS) were also observed every month since late 2012 and DS exceeded 0.3 for several months in 2013 and 2014. Positive DS values occurred in previous years, but were weaker and shorter in duration. Apart from 1-2 months, anomalies in nitrate, phosphate, and silicate turned consistently negative in late 2012. However, comparable anomalies in these nutrients occurred earlier in the record, especially before 2008 for nitrate and phosphate. Anomalies in key ecological characteristics of giant kelp forests associated with the large positive temperature anomalies have been much less striking. Water column chlorophyll a, the standing biomass of giant kelp and densities of many kelp forest consumers have been lower than normal in recent years, but not markedly so compared to other years in the time series. Shorter time series data on pigment concentrations in giant kelp revealed a declining trend in recent years, consistent with the below normal levels observed in kelp tissue nitrogen. The most dramatic change in kelp forests that coincided with the onset of the temperature anomalies was observed in sea stars, which first showed signs of a wasting disease in fall of 2013. The disease spread rapidly from north to south and by spring 2014 infections were prevalent throughout southern California. Large corresponding increases in the abundance of starfish prey have yet to be observed.

Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of a series of ketone-N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazones and their ruthenium(II) arene complexes.

PubMed

Su, Wei; Qian, Quanquan; Li, Peiyuan; Lei, Xiaolin; Xiao, Qi; Huang, Shan; Huang, Chusheng; Cui, Jianguo

2013-11-04

A series of ketone-N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazone (TSC) compounds (L1-L9) and their corresponding [(η(6)-p-cymene)Ru(II)(TSC)Cl](+/0) complexes (1-9) were synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR, elemental analysis, and HR-ESI-mass spectrometry. The molecular structures of L4, L9, 1-6, and 9 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The compounds were further evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against the SGC-7901 human gastric cancer, BEL-7404 human liver cancer, and HEK-293T noncancerous cell lines. Furthermore, the interactions of the compounds with DNA were followed by electrophoretic mobility spectrometry studies.

Orbital debris hazard insights from spacecraft anomalies studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McKnight, Darren S.

2016-09-01

Since the dawning of the space age space operators have been tallying spacecraft anomalies and failures then using these insights to improve the space systems and operations. As space systems improved and their lifetimes increased, the anomaly and failure modes have multiplied. Primary triggers for space anomalies and failures include design issues, space environmental effects, and satellite operations. Attempts to correlate anomalies to the orbital debris environment have started as early as the mid-1990's. Early attempts showed tens of anomalies correlated well to altitudes where the cataloged debris population was the highest. However, due to the complexity of tracing debris impacts to mission anomalies, these analyses were found to be insufficient to prove causation. After the fragmentation of the Chinese Feng-Yun satellite in 2007, it was hypothesized that the nontrackable fragments causing anomalies in LEO would have increased significantly from this event. As a result, debris-induced anomalies should have gone up measurably in the vicinity of this breakup. Again, the analysis provided some subtle evidence of debris-induced anomalies but it was not convincing. The continued difficulty in linking debris flux to satellite anomalies and failures prompted the creation of a series of spacecraft anomalies and failure workshops to investigate the identified shortfalls. These gatherings have produced insights into why this process is not straightforward. Summaries of these studies and workshops are presented and observations made about how to create solutions for anomaly attribution, especially as it relates to debris-induced spacecraft anomalies and failures.

Robust and Accurate Anomaly Detection in ECG Artifacts Using Time Series Motif Discovery

PubMed Central

Sivaraks, Haemwaan

2015-01-01

Electrocardiogram (ECG) anomaly detection is an important technique for detecting dissimilar heartbeats which helps identify abnormal ECGs before the diagnosis process. Currently available ECG anomaly detection methods, ranging from academic research to commercial ECG machines, still suffer from a high false alarm rate because these methods are not able to differentiate ECG artifacts from real ECG signal, especially, in ECG artifacts that are similar to ECG signals in terms of shape and/or frequency. The problem leads to high vigilance for physicians and misinterpretation risk for nonspecialists. Therefore, this work proposes a novel anomaly detection technique that is highly robust and accurate in the presence of ECG artifacts which can effectively reduce the false alarm rate. Expert knowledge from cardiologists and motif discovery technique is utilized in our design. In addition, every step of the algorithm conforms to the interpretation of cardiologists. Our method can be utilized to both single-lead ECGs and multilead ECGs. Our experiment results on real ECG datasets are interpreted and evaluated by cardiologists. Our proposed algorithm can mostly achieve 100% of accuracy on detection (AoD), sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value with 0% false alarm rate. The results demonstrate that our proposed method is highly accurate and robust to artifacts, compared with competitive anomaly detection methods. PMID:25688284

Ae2Sb2X4F2 (Ae = Sr, Ba): new members of the homologous series Ae2M(1+n)X(3+n)F2 designed from rock salt and fluorite 2D building blocks.

PubMed

Kabbour, Houria; Cario, Laurent

2006-03-20

We have designed new compounds within the homologous series Ae2F2M(1+n)X(3+n) (Ae = Sr, Ba; M = main group metal; n = integer) built up from the stacking of 2D building blocks of rock salt and fluorite types. By incrementally increasing the size of the rock salt 2D building blocks, we have obtained two new n = 1 members of this homologous series, namely, Sr2F2Sb2Se4 and Ba2F2Sb2Se4. We then succeeded in synthesizing these compounds using a high-temperature ceramic method. The structure refinements from the powder or single-crystal X-ray diffraction data confirmed presence of the expected alternating stacking of fluorite [Ae2F2] (Ae = Sr, Ba) and rock salt [Sb2Se4] 2D building blocks. However the Ba derivative shows a strong distortion of the [Sb2Se4] block and a concomitant change of the Sb atom coordination likely related to the lone-pair activity.

[Management and classification of first branchial cleft anomalies].

PubMed

Zhong, Zhen; Zhao, Enmin; Liu, Yuhe; Liu, Ping; Wang, Quangui; Xiao, Shuifang

2013-07-01

We aimed to identify the different courses of first branchial cleft anomalies and to discuss the management and classification of these anomalies. Twenty-four patients with first branchial cleft anomalies were reviewed. The courses of first branchial cleft anomalies and their corresponding managements were analyzed. Each case was classified according to Olsen's criteria and Works criteria. According to Olsen's criteria, 3 types of first branchial cleft anomalies are identified: cysts (n = 4), sinuses (n = 13), and fistulas (n = 7). The internal opening was in the external auditory meatus in 16 cases. Two fistulas were parallel to the external auditory canal and the Eustachian tube, with the internal openings on the Eustachian tube. Fourteen cases had close relations to the parotid gland and dissection of the facial nerve had to be done in the operation. Temporary weakness of the mandibular branch of facial nerve occurred in 2 cases. Salivary fistula of the parotid gland occurred in one patient, which was managed by pressure dressing for two weeks. Canal stenosis occurred in one patient, who underwent canalplasty after three months. The presence of squamous epithelium was reported in all cases, adnexal skin structures in 6 cases, and cartilage in 14 cases. The specimens of the fistula which extended to the nasopharynx were reported as tracts lined with squamous epithelium (the external part) and ciliated columnar epithelium (the internal part). According to Work's criteria, 9 cases were classified as Type I lesions, 13 cases were classified as Type II lesions, and two special cases could not be classified. The average follow-up was 83 months (ranging from 12 to 152 months). No recurrence was found. First branchial cleft anomalies have high variability in the courses. If a patient is suspected to have first branchial anomalies, the external auditory canal must be examined for the internal opening. CT should be done to understand the extension of the lesion. For cases

On nonstationarity and antipersistency in global temperature series

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

KäRner, O.

2002-10-01

Statistical analysis is carried out for satellite-based global daily tropospheric and stratospheric temperature anomaly and solar irradiance data sets. Behavior of the series appears to be nonstationary with stationary daily increments. Estimating long-range dependence between the increments reveals a remarkable difference between the two temperature series. Global average tropospheric temperature anomaly behaves similarly to the solar irradiance anomaly. Their daily increments show antipersistency for scales longer than 2 months. The property points at a cumulative negative feedback in the Earth climate system governing the tropospheric variability during the last 22 years. The result emphasizes a dominating role of the solar irradiance variability in variations of the tropospheric temperature and gives no support to the theory of anthropogenic climate change. The global average stratospheric temperature anomaly proceeds like a 1-dim random walk at least up to 11 years, allowing good presentation by means of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for monthly series.

Gravitational parity anomaly with and without boundaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurkov, Maxim; Vassilevich, Dmitri

2018-03-01

In this paper we consider gravitational parity anomaly in three and four dimensions. We start with a re-computation of this anomaly on a 3D manifold without boundaries and with a critical comparison of our results to the previous calculations. Then we compute the anomaly on 4D manifolds with boundaries with local bag boundary conditions. We find, that gravitational parity anomaly is localized on the boundary and contains a gravitational Chern-Simons terms together with a term depending of the extrinsic curvature. We also discuss the main properties of the anomaly, as the conformal invariance, relations between 3D and 4D anomalies, etc.

First branchial cleft anomalies: avoiding the misdiagnosis.

PubMed

Kumar, Rajeev; Sikka, Kapil; Sagar, Prem; Kakkar, Aanchal; Thakar, Alok

2013-07-01

First branchial cleft anomalies are a very rare entities accounting for less than 1 % of all branchial cleft malformations. They are often misdiagnosed for other cystic lesions occurring in parotid gland and inadequately treated (incision and drainage or incomplete excision) leading to multiple recurrences. We report a series of four patients who were previously operated (incision and drainage) for misdiagnosed first branchial cleft anomalies with subsequent recurrences. All patients underwent superficial parotidectomy with complete tract excision using facial nerve monitoring to prevent iatrogenic injury because of extensive fibrosis. We discuss the literature pertaining to first branchial cleft anomalies, their varied presentations and their relationship to facial nerve in parotid gland and importance of facial nerve monitoring in revision surgery.

Incidence of Fanconi anemia in children with congenital thumb anomalies referred for diepoxybutane testing.

PubMed

Webb, Michelle L; Rosen, Heather; Taghinia, Amir; McCarty, Erika R; Cerrato, Felecia; Upton, Joseph; Labow, Brian I

2011-06-01

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder of DNA repair that with near uniformity leads to bone marrow failure and resulting morbidity and mortality. Approximately 50% of FA patients are born with anomalies of the thumb or thumb and radius, and it has been recommended that all patients born with thumb anomalies undergo testing. However, the risk of FA in this population is unknown. We determined the incidence of FA in children with congenital thumb anomalies referred for FA testing and characterized those who tested positive. We queried our database for patients who presented with congenital thumb anomalies and who underwent diepoxybutane (DEB) testing for FA between 1999 and 2008 at Children's Hospital Boston and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. During this time period, 543 congenital thumb anomaly patients (235 with thumb hypoplasia) presented to our institution. A total of 81 patients with thumb abnormalities underwent DEB testing. Six patients (7% of those tested; 1% of the total; 3% of thumb hypoplasia patients) had a positive DEB test consistent with the diagnosis of FA; all had other non-upper-extremity anomalies associated with FA. Of 6 FA patients, 5 had bilateral involvement; all had some degree of thumb hypoplasia (3 also had radial dysplasia). Mean age at testing was 2.6 years (SD 4.3). Most of the patients tested had multiple physical anomalies (n = 66). The anomaly distribution was: thumb hypoplasia and radial dysplasia (n = 29), thumb hypoplasia (n = 26), radial polydactyly (n = 12), radial polydactyly and radial dysplasia (n = 1), and proximally placed thumb and radial dysplasia (n = 1). Twelve patients had other thumb anomalies. Although the incidence of FA in patients with thumb anomalies may be low, patients with thumb hypoplasia and other physical findings associated with FA, specifically café au lait spots and short stature, appear to have an increased risk of FA. Because hand surgeons see these patients early in life, they have the

[((H)L)2Fe6(NCMe)m]n+ (m = 0, 2, 4, 6; n = -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6): an electron-transfer series featuring octahedral Fe6 clusters supported by a hexaamide ligand platform.

PubMed

Zhao, Qinliang; Harris, T David; Betley, Theodore A

2011-06-01

Using a trinucleating hexaamide ligand platform, the all-ferrous hexanuclear cluster ((H)L)(2)Fe(6) (1) is obtained from reaction of 3 equiv of Fe(2)(Mes)(4) (Mes = 2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2)) with 2 equiv of the ligand ((H)L)H(6). Compound 1 was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, (57)Fe Mössbauer, SQUID magnetometry, mass spectrometry, and combustion analysis, providing evidence for an S=6 ground state and delocalized electronic structure. The cyclic voltammogram of [((H)L)(2)Fe(6)](n+) in acetonitrile reveals a rich redox chemistry, featuring five fully reversible redox events that span six oxidation states ([((H)L)(2)Fe(6)](n+), where n=-1→4) within a 1.3 V potential range. Accordingly, each of these species is readily accessed chemically to provide the electron-transfer series [((H)L)(2)Fe(6)(NCMe)(m)][PF(6)](n) (m=0, n=-1 (2); m=2, n=1 (3); m=4, n=2 (4); m=6, n=3 (5); m=6, n=4 (6)). Compounds 2-6 were isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction, (57)Fe Mössbauer and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and combustion analysis. Two-electron oxidation of the tetracationic cluster in 6 by 2 equiv of [NO](+) generates the thermally unstable hexacationic cluster [((H)L)(2)Fe(6)(NCMe)(m)](6+), which is characterized by NMR and (57)Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Importantly, several stepwise systematic metrical changes accompany oxidation state changes to the [Fe(6)] core, namely trans ligation of solvent molecules and variation in Mössbauer spectra, spin ground state, and intracluster Fe-Fe separation. The observed metrical changes are rationalized by considering a qualitative, delocalized molecular orbital description, which provides a set of frontier orbitals populated by Fe 3d electrons. © 2011 American Chemical Society

Anomaly-corrected supersymmetry algebra and supersymmetric holographic renormalization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

An, Ok Song

2017-12-01

We present a systematic approach to supersymmetric holographic renormalization for a generic 5D N=2 gauged supergravity theory with matter multiplets, including its fermionic sector, with all gauge fields consistently set to zero. We determine the complete set of supersymmetric local boundary counterterms, including the finite counterterms that parameterize the choice of supersymmetric renormalization scheme. This allows us to derive holographically the superconformal Ward identities of a 4D superconformal field theory on a generic background, including the Weyl and super-Weyl anomalies. Moreover, we show that these anomalies satisfy the Wess-Zumino consistency condition. The super-Weyl anomaly implies that the fermionic operators of the dual field theory, such as the supercurrent, do not transform as tensors under rigid supersymmetry on backgrounds that admit a conformal Killing spinor, and their anticommutator with the conserved supercharge contains anomalous terms. This property is explicitly checked for a toy model. Finally, using the anomalous transformation of the supercurrent, we obtain the anomaly-corrected supersymmetry algebra on curved backgrounds admitting a conformal Killing spinor.

Analysis of renal anomalies in VACTERL association.

PubMed

Cunningham, Bridget K; Khromykh, Alina; Martinez, Ariel F; Carney, Tyler; Hadley, Donald W; Solomon, Benjamin D

2014-10-01

VACTERL association refers to a combination of congenital anomalies that can include: vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac malformations, tracheo-esophageal fistula with esophageal atresia, renal anomalies (typically structural renal anomalies), and limb anomalies. We conducted a description of a case series to characterize renal findings in a cohort of patients with VACTERL association. Out of the overall cohort, 48 patients (with at least three component features of VACTERL and who had abdominal ultrasound performed) met criteria for analysis. Four other patients were additionally analyzed separately, with the hypothesis that subtle renal system anomalies may occur in patients who would not otherwise meet criteria for VACTERL association. Thirty-three (69%) of the 48 patients had a clinical manifestation affecting the renal system. The most common renal manifestation (RM) was vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in addition to a structural defect (present in 27%), followed by unilateral renal agenesis (24%), and then dysplastic/multicystic kidneys or duplicated collected system (18% for each). Twenty-two (88%) of the 25 patients with a structural RM had an associated anorectal malformation. Individuals with either isolated lower anatomic anomalies, or both upper and lower anatomic anomalies were not statistically more likely to have a structural renal defect than those with isolated upper anatomic anomalies (p = 0.22, p = 0.284, respectively). Given the high prevalence of isolated VUR in our cohort, we recommend a screening VCUG or other imaging modality be obtained to evaluate for VUR if initial renal ultrasound shows evidence of obstruction or renal scarring, as well as ongoing evaluation of renal health. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Competing Orders and Anomalies

PubMed Central

Moon, Eun-Gook

2016-01-01

A conservation law is one of the most fundamental properties in nature, but a certain class of conservation “laws” could be spoiled by intrinsic quantum mechanical effects, so-called quantum anomalies. Profound properties of the anomalies have deepened our understanding in quantum many body systems. Here, we investigate quantum anomaly effects in quantum phase transitions between competing orders and striking consequences of their presence. We explicitly calculate topological nature of anomalies of non-linear sigma models (NLSMs) with the Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) terms. The non-perturbative nature is directly related with the ’t Hooft anomaly matching condition: anomalies are conserved in renormalization group flow. By applying the matching condition, we show massless excitations are enforced by the anomalies in a whole phase diagram in sharp contrast to the case of the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson theory which only has massive excitations in symmetric phases. Furthermore, we find non-perturbative criteria to characterize quantum phase transitions between competing orders. For example, in 4D, we show the two competing order parameter theories, CP(1) and the NLSM with WZW, describe different universality class. Physical realizations and experimental implication of the anomalies are also discussed. PMID:27499184

Reproduction of influence of autumn snow cover anomalies on the following winter atmospheric dynamics in INMCM4.0 and INMCM5.0 data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martynova, Yuliya

2015-04-01

There are different studies of the influence of autumn snow cover anomalies on atmospheric dynamics in the following winter (e.g. Allen R.J. and Zender C.S., 2011; Martynova Yu.V. and Krupchatnikov V.N., 2010). The mechanism of this effect is complex and largely affects stratospheric processes (Cohen J. et al., 2007). The snow cover rapidly increases exceeding normal values. Emerged diabatic cooling results in pressure increase over and temperature decrease under the normal value. Thus, in troposphere upward energy flux increases, and then it is absorbed in stratosphere. Strong convergence of wave activity flux causes geopotential heights increase, polar vortex slowdown and stratospheric temperature increase. Emerged geopotential and wind anomalies extend from stratosphere to troposphere up to surface. As a result, strong negative AO mode appears near the surface as surface air temperature increase. Siberia plays important role in this mechanism. Firstly, the most extensive snow cover is formed there. Secondly, according to NOAA satellite observations this cover is generally formed in October (Gong G. Et al., 2003). As a result, Siberia is very interesting for investigations of the autumn snow cover anomalies influence on the atmospheric dynamics in the following winter. This study is devoted to detection and estimation of described mechanism in INMCM4.0 and INMCM5.0 data. INMCM5.0 model represents further development of INMCM4.0 model (Volodin E.M. et al., 2010; Volodin E.M., 2014). They are different both from physical (various physical processes) and numerical (spatial resolution) points of view, thus giving different results representing various physical processes. An analysis of some parameters of atmospheric dynamics shows that top of atmosphere and vertical resolution set in INMCM models play important role in reproduction of influence of the Siberian autumn snow cover anomalies on the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric dynamics in the following winter

Boundary conformal anomalies on hyperbolic spaces and Euclidean balls

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodriguez-Gomez, Diego; Russo, Jorge G.

2017-12-01

We compute conformal anomalies for conformal field theories with free conformal scalars and massless spin 1/2 fields in hyperbolic space ℍ d and in the ball B^d , for 2≤d≤7. These spaces are related by a conformal transformation. In even dimensional spaces, the conformal anomalies on ℍ2 n and B^{2n} are shown to be identical. In odd dimensional spaces, the conformal anomaly on B^{2n+1} comes from a boundary contribution, which exactly coincides with that of ℍ2 n + 1 provided one identifies the UV short-distance cutoff on B^{2n+1} with the inverse large distance IR cutoff on ℍ2 n + 1, just as prescribed by the conformal map. As an application, we determine, for the first time, the conformal anomaly coefficients multiplying the Euler characteristic of the boundary for scalars and half-spin fields with various boundary conditions in d = 5 and d = 7.

4d $$ \\mathcal{N}=1 $$ from 6d $$ \\mathcal{N}=\\left(1,0\\right) $$ on a torus with fluxes

DOE PAGES

Bah, Ibrahima; Hanany, Amihay; Maruyoshi, Kazunobu; ...

2017-06-05

Compactifying N = (1, 0) theories on a torus, with additional fluxes for global symmetries, we obtain N = 1 supersymmetric theories in four dimensions. It is shown that for many choices of flux these models are toric quiver gauge theories with singlet fields. Particularly we compare the anomalies deduced from the description of the six dimensional theory and the anomalies of the quiver gauge theories. Also, we give predictions for anomalies of four-dimensional theories corresponding to general compactifi cations of M5-branes probing C 2/Z k singularities.

4-H Science Inquiry Video Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Jeremy W.; Black, Lynette; Willis, Patrick

2013-01-01

Studies support science inquiry as a positive method and approach for 4-H professionals and volunteers to use for teaching science-based practices to youth. The development of a science inquiry video series has yielded positive results as it relates to youth development education and science. The video series highlights how to conduct science-rich…

Magnetic Anomalies over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 27{degrees}N.

PubMed

Phillips, J D

1967-08-25

Ten magnetic profiles across the mid-Atlantic ridge near 27 degrees N show trends that are parallel to the ridge axis and symmetrical about the ridge axis. The configuration of magnetic bodies that could account for the pattern supports the Vine and Matthews hypothesis for the origin of magnetic anomalies over oceanic ridges. A polarity-reversal time scale inferred from models for sea-floor spreading in the Pacific-Antarctic ridge and radiometrically dated reversals of the geomagnetic field indicates a spreading rate of 1.25 centimeters per year during the last 6 million years and a rate of 1.65 centimeters per year between 6 and 10 million years ago. A similar analysis of more limited data over the mid-Atlantic ridge near 22 degrees N also indicates a change in the spreading rate. Here a rate of 1.4 centimeters per year appears to have been in effect during the last 5 million years; between 5 and 9 million years ago, an increased rate of 1.7 centimeters per year is indicated. The time of occurrence and relative magnitude of these changes in the spreading rate, about 5 to 6 million years ago and 18 to 27 percent, respectively, accords with the spreading rate change implied for the Juan de Fuca ridge in the northeast Pacific.

Development of anomaly detection models for deep subsurface monitoring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, A. Y.

2017-12-01

Deep subsurface repositories are used for waste disposal and carbon sequestration. Monitoring deep subsurface repositories for potential anomalies is challenging, not only because the number of sensor networks and the quality of data are often limited, but also because of the lack of labeled data needed to train and validate machine learning (ML) algorithms. Although physical simulation models may be applied to predict anomalies (or the system's nominal state for that sake), the accuracy of such predictions may be limited by inherent conceptual and parameter uncertainties. The main objective of this study was to demonstrate the potential of data-driven models for leakage detection in carbon sequestration repositories. Monitoring data collected during an artificial CO2 release test at a carbon sequestration repository were used, which include both scalar time series (pressure) and vector time series (distributed temperature sensing). For each type of data, separate online anomaly detection algorithms were developed using the baseline experiment data (no leak) and then tested on the leak experiment data. Performance of a number of different online algorithms was compared. Results show the importance of including contextual information in the dataset to mitigate the impact of reservoir noise and reduce false positive rate. The developed algorithms were integrated into a generic Web-based platform for real-time anomaly detection.

Precision and Radiosonde Validation of Satellite Gridpoint Temperature Anomalies. Part II: A Tropospheric Retrieval and Trends during 1979-90.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spencer, Roy W.; Christy, John R.

1992-08-01

TIROS-N satellite Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) channel 2 data from different view angles across the MSU man swath are combined to remove the influence of the lower stratosphere and much of the upper troposphere on the measured brightness temperatures. The retrieval provides a sharper averaging kernel than the raw channel 2 weighting function, with a peak lowered from 50 kPa to 70 kPa and with only slightly more surface influence than raw channel 2. Monthly 2.5° gridpoint anomalies of this tropospheric retrieval compared between simultaneously operating satellites indicate close agreement, 0.15°C in the tropics to around 0.30°C over much of the higher latitudes. The agreement is not as close as with raw channel 2 anomalies because synoptic-scale temperature gradient information across the 2000-km swath of the MSU is lost in the retrieval procedure and because the retrieval involves the magnification of a small difference between two large numbers. Single gridpoint monthly anomaly correlations between the satellite measurements and the radiosonde calculations range from around 0.95 at high latitudes to below 0.8 in the tropical west Pacific, with standard errors of estimate of 0.16°C at Guam to around 0.50°C at high-latitude continental stations. Calculation of radiosonde temperature with a static weighting function instead of the radiative transfer equation degrades the standard errors by an average of less than 0.04°C. Of various standard tropospheric layers, the channel 2 retrieval anomalies correlate best with radiosonde 100-50- or 100-40-kPa-thickness anomalies. A comparison between global and hemispheric anomalies computed for raw channel 2 data versus the tropospheric retrieval show a correction in the 1979-90 time series for the volcano-induced stratospheric warming of 1982-83, which was independently observed by MSU channel 4. This correction leads to a slightly greater tropospheric warming trend in the 12-year time series (1979-90) for the

Combustion Properties of Amino-Substituted Guanidinium 4,4',5,5'-Tetranitro-2,2'-biimidazolate(N4BIM) Salts

DOE PAGES

Tappan, Bryce C.; Chavez, David E.

2014-12-02

This paper describes the combustion properties of the amino-substituted guanidinium 4,4’,5,5’-tetranitro-2,2’-biimidazolate (N4BIM) series, including the bis-mono, di and triaminoguanidinium salts. These salts are of interest as propellant ingredient additives, and in particular, the bis-triaminoguanidinium salt of N4BIM displays excellent burn rate and combustion behavior. Our combustion studies have shown that TAGN4-BIM displays a fast burning rate and has the lowest pressure dependence exponent yet measured for a triaminoguanidinium salt.

The Green-Schwarz mechanism and geometric anomaly relations in 2d (0,2) F-theory vacua

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weigand, Timo; Xu, Fengjun

2018-04-01

We study the structure of gauge and gravitational anomalies in 2d N = (0 , 2) theories obtained by compactification of F-theory on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau 5-folds. Abelian gauge anomalies, induced at 1-loop in perturbation theory, are cancelled by a generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism operating at the level of chiral scalar fields in the 2d supergravity theory. We derive closed expressions for the gravitational and the non-abelian and abelian gauge anomalies including the Green-Schwarz counterterms. These expressions involve topological invariants of the underlying elliptic fibration and the gauge background thereon. Cancellation of anomalies in the effective theory predicts intricate topological identities which must hold on every elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau 5-fold. We verify these relations in a non-trivial example, but their proof from a purely mathematical perspective remains as an interesting open problem. Some of the identities we find on elliptic 5-folds are related in an intriguing way to previously studied topological identities governing the structure of anomalies in 6d N = (1 , 0) and 4d N = 1 theories obtained from F-theory.

A new series of oxycarbonate superconductors (Cu{sub 0.5}C{sub 0.5}){sub m}Ba{sub m+1}Ca{sub n-1}Cu{sub n}O{sub 2}({sub m+n})+1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Takayama-Muromachi, E.; Kawashima, T.; Matsui, Y.

1994-12-31

We found a new series of oxycarbonate superconductors in the Ba-Ca-Cu-C-O system under high pressure of 5 GPa. Their ideal formula is (Cu{sub 0.5}C{sub 0.5}){sub m}Ba{sub m+1}Ca{sub n-1}Cu{sub n}O{sub 2}({sub m+n})+1 ((Cu,C)-m(m+1)(n-1)n). Thus far, n=3, 4 members of the m=1 series, (Cu,C)-1223 and (Cu,C)-1234, have been prepared in bulk while n=4, 5 members, (Cu,C)-2334 and (Cu,C)-2345, have been prepared for the m=2 series. (Cu,C)-1223 shows superconductivity below 67 K while T{sub c}`s of other compounds are above 110 K. In particular, (Cu,C)=1234 has the highest T{sub c} of 117 K.

Accurate estimates of 3D Ising critical exponents using the coherent-anomaly method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolesik, Miroslav; Suzuki, Masuo

1995-02-01

An analysis of the critical behavior of the three-dimensional Ising model using the coherent-anomaly method (CAM) is presented. Various sources of errors in CAM estimates of critical exponents are discussed, and an improved scheme for the CAM data analysis is tested. Using a set of mean-field type approximations based on the variational series expansion approach, accuracy comparable to the most precise conventional methods has been achieved. Our results for the critical exponents are given by α = 0.108(5), β = 0.327(4), γ = 1.237(4) and δ = 4.77(5).

[Poland'syndrome and hand's malformations: about a clinic series of 37 patients].

PubMed

Foucras, L; Grolleau, J L; Chavoin, J P

2005-04-01

Poland's syndrome is a rare malformation which associates thoracic anomalies and anomalies of homolateral upper end. We wish to know the frequency of hand's malformations in this syndrome in our clinical experience. We have revised 37 patients who were seen initially for a thoracomammary anomaly. This clinical series from plastic surgery service of Toulouse has been revised to know the importance of hand's malformations. Hand's malformations in Poland's syndrome are rare in your study, they touch only 12% patients. We find only 4 malformations in 33 patients, four were lost. They were only females, we find three brachymesophalangies and a major form. Hand's malformations in Poland's syndrome are less frequent than classically. There is no parallelism between gravity of thoracic malformation and that one of upper end. In this series, we find only one case with syndactyly; originally, Poland's syndrome was named < Poland's syndactyly >. Finally, we think that we can talk about Poland's syndrome without anomaly of homolateral upper end, the major element is musculary agenesia of sternocostal pectoralis major. The search of homolateral upper end has to be systematic in front of suspicious of Poland's syndrome.

Early onset scoliosis with intraspinal anomalies: management with growing rod.

PubMed

Jayaswal, Arvind; Kandwal, Pankaj; Goswami, Ankur; Vijayaraghavan, G; Jariyal, Ashok; Upendra, B N; Gupta, Ankit

2016-10-01

To evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of growing rod (GR) in the management of Early Onset Scoliosis (EOS) with intraspinal anomalies. The effect of repeated distractions following GR, in the presence of intraspinal anomalies has not been studied. During 2007-2012, 46 patients underwent fusionless surgery. Out of these 46 patients, 13 patients had one or more intraspinal anomalies. 11 patients had undergone prior neurosurgical procedure while 2 (filum terminale lipoma and syringomyelia) did not. A total of 88 procedures were conducted during the treatment period; 13 index surgeries, 74 distractions of GR and 1 unplanned surgery. The age at surgery was 6.8 ± 2.5 years (3.5-12 years). 11 patients had congenital scoliosis and 2 had idiopathic scoliosis. A total of 19 (41.30 %) intraspinal anomalies [Tethered Cord Syndrome (TCS) 08, Split Cord Malformation (SCM) 08, Syringomyelia 01, Meningomyelocele 01, Filum terminale Lipoma 01] were seen. The average lengthening procedures per patient were 5.7 (4-9) with distraction interval of 6.7 (6-7.25) months. Pre-operative Cobb angle was 78.50 ± 18.1 (54-114°) and improved to 53.10 ± 16.70 (36-84°) at final follow-up. A total of 15 complications related to implant (9), wound (2), anesthesia (2) and neurological (2) occurred in 7 patients. Among the two neurological complications, one patient sustained fall in the post-op period and reported to the emergency department with paraplegia and broken proximal screw. While other patient experienced MEP changes during index procedure. None of the patients had any neurological complications during repeated lengthening procedures. The most common cord anomalies associated with EOS in our study are TCS and SCM. Although presence of previous intraspinal anomaly does not seem to increase the incidence of neurological deficit, use of neuromonitoring is advisable for all index procedure and selected distractions. Level 4 (case series).

The Relationship Between Surface Temperature Anomaly Time Series and those of OLR, Water Vapor, and Cloud Cover as Observed Using Nine Years of AIRS Version-5 Level-3 Products

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Susskind, Joel; Molnar, Gyula; Iredell, Lena

2011-01-01

Outline: (1) Comparison of AIRS and CERES anomaly time series of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and OLR(sub CLR), i.e. Clear Sky OLR (2) Explanation of recent decreases in global and tropical mean values of OLR (3) AIRS "Short-term" Longwave Cloud Radiative Feedback -- A new product

Double second toe transfer in congenital hand anomalies.

PubMed

Van Holder, C; Giele, H; Gilbert, A

1999-08-01

A series of 14 patients with congenital hand anomalies who received staged double second toe transfers to the same hand for restoration of function or form were reviewed retrospectively. There were three children with constriction ring syndrome, two with symbrachydactyly and nine with transverse absence (failure of formation). There were different indications, technical difficulties and results with the various anomalies. All transferred toes were mobile and sensate, and were reported to be of benefit in both function and appearance. However, secondary surgical procedures were required in all patients.

Mass Anomalies on Ganymede

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schubert, G.; Anderson, J. D.; Jacobson, R. A.; Lau, E. L.; Moore, W. B.; Palguta, J.

2004-01-01

Radio Doppler data from two Ganymede encounters (G1 and G2) on the first two orbits in the Galileo mission have been analyzed previously for gravity information . For a satellite in hydrostatic equilibrium, its gravitational field can be modeled adequately by a truncated spherical harmonic series of degree two. However, a fourth degree field is required in order to fit the second Galileo flyby (G2). This need for a higher degree field strongly suggests that Ganymede s gravitational field is perturbed by a gravity anomaly near the G2 closest approach point (79.29 latitude, 123.68 west longitude). In fact, a plot of the Doppler residuals , after removal of the best-fit model for the zero degree term (GM) and the second degree moments (J2 and C22), suggests that if an anomaly exists, it is located downtrack of the closest approach point, closer to the equator.

Precursory Anomaly in VLF/LF Recordings Prior to the July 30th, 2009

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buyuksarac, Aydin; Pınar, Ali; Kosaroglu, Sinan

2010-05-01

An international project network consisting of five receivers for sampling LF and VLF radio signals has been going on to record the data in Europe from different transmission stations around the World. One of them was established in Resadiye, Turkey, located just on the North Anatolian Fault Zone. The receiver works in VLF (16.4, 21.75, 37.5 and 45.9 kHz) and LF (153, 180, 183, 216 and 270 kHz) bands monitoring ten frequencies with one minute sampling interval. An earthquake of Mw = 4.9 took place 225 km away from the VLF/LF station at the eastern tip of the Erzincan basin at 4 km depth on July 30, 2009. We observed some anomalies on the radio signals (37.5 and 153 kHz) that initiated about 7 days before the earthquake and disappeared soon after the earthquake. We attribute this anomaly to the Mw=4.9 earthquake as a seismo-electromagnetic precursor. The radio anomaly that appeared 7 days before the occurrence of the 2009 Erzincan earthquake is in good agreement with other results indicating precursory anomalies in the project network mostly observed in seismically active countries such as Italy and Greece. Several data processing stages were applied to the data. Firstly, we processed the time series of the radio signals to understand how the frequency content of the anomaly differs from that of the normal trend. For this purpose we selected two time windows; one covering the anomaly period and the other spanning a normal period. The selected time window length was a 6 day. The sampling interval and the length of the time window limit the observed spectra from 120 seconds to six days. We identified a significant bias (drop) for the signal energy of the anomaly period at the whole frequency band. Secondly, in order to clearly depict the anomaly we estimated the daily Rayleigh Energy of the calculated spectra following the Parseval's theorem. We initiated the estimations well before the anomaly period. Such calculations gave an obvious sign for the impending event

AIRS-Observed Interrelationships of Anomaly Time-Series of Moist Process-Related Parameters and Inferred Feedback Values on Various Spatial Scales

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Molnar, Gyula I.; Susskind, Joel; Iredell, Lena

2011-01-01

In the beginning, a good measure of a GMCs performance was their ability to simulate the observed mean seasonal cycle. That is, a reasonable simulation of the means (i.e., small biases) and standard deviations of TODAY?S climate would suffice. Here, we argue that coupled GCM (CG CM for short) simulations of FUTURE climates should be evaluated in much more detail, both spatially and temporally. Arguably, it is not the bias, but rather the reliability of the model-generated anomaly time-series, even down to the [C]GCM grid-scale, which really matter. This statement is underlined by the social need to address potential REGIONAL climate variability, and climate drifts/changes in a manner suitable for policy decisions.

Klippel-Feil syndrome and associated ear anomalies.

PubMed

Yildirim, Nadir; Arslanoğlu, Atilla; Mahiroğullari, Mahir; Sahan, Murat; Ozkan, Hüseyin

2008-01-01

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a congenital segmentation anomaly of the cervical vertebrae that manifests as short neck, low hair line, and limited neck mobility. Various systemic malformations may also accompany the syndrome including wide variety of otopathologies affecting all 3 compartments of the ear (external, middle, and inner ear) as well as internal acoustic canal and vestibular aqueduct. We aimed to investigate these involvements and their clinical correlates in a group of patients with KFS. We present 20 KFS cases, of which 12 (% 60) displayed most of the reported ear abnormalities such as microtia, external ear canal stenosis, chronic ear inflammations and their sequels, anomalies of the tympanic cavity and ossicles, inner ear dysplasies, deformed internal acoustic canal, and wide vestibular aqueduct, which are demonstrated using the methods of otoscopy, audiologic testing, and temporal bone computed tomography. This series represents one of the highest reported rate of ear involvement in KFS. We found no correlation between the identified ear pathologies and the skeletal and extraskeletal malformations. The genetic nature of the syndrome was supported by the existence of affected family members in 4 (20%) of the cases.

Detecting geothermal anomalies and evaluating LST geothermal component by combining thermal remote sensing time series and land surface model data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Romaguera, Mireia; Vaughan, R. Greg; Ettema, J.; Izquierdo-Verdiguier, E.; Hecker, C. A.; van der Meer, F.D.

2018-01-01

This paper explores for the first time the possibilities to use two land surface temperature (LST) time series of different origins (geostationary Meteosat Second Generation satellite data and Noah land surface modelling, LSM), to detect geothermal anomalies and extract the geothermal component of LST, the LSTgt. We hypothesize that in geothermal areas the LSM time series will underestimate the LST as compared to the remote sensing data, since the former does not account for the geothermal component in its model.In order to extract LSTgt, two approaches of different nature (physical based and data mining) were developed and tested in an area of about 560 × 560 km2 centered at the Kenyan Rift. Pre-dawn data in the study area during the first 45 days of 2012 were analyzed.The results show consistent spatial and temporal LSTgt patterns between the two approaches, and systematic differences of about 2 K. A geothermal area map from surface studies was used to assess LSTgt inside and outside the geothermal boundaries. Spatial means were found to be higher inside the geothermal limits, as well as the relative frequency of occurrence of high LSTgt. Results further show that areas with strong topography can result in anomalously high LSTgt values (false positives), which suggests the need for a slope and aspect correction in the inputs to achieve realistic results in those areas. The uncertainty analysis indicates that large uncertainties of the input parameters may limit detection of LSTgt anomalies. To validate the approaches, higher spatial resolution images from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data over the Olkaria geothermal field were used. An established method to estimate radiant geothermal flux was applied providing values between 9 and 24 W/m2 in the geothermal area, which coincides with the LSTgt flux rates obtained with the proposed approaches.The proposed approaches are a first step in estimating LSTgt

Dental anomalies in 14 patients with IP: clinical and radiological analysis and review.

PubMed

Santa-Maria, Fernanda D; Mariath, Luiza Monteavaro; Poziomczyk, Cláudia S; Maahs, Marcia A P; Rosa, Rafael F M; Zen, Paulo R G; Schüller-Faccini, Lavínia; Kiszewski, Ana Elisa

2017-06-01

Current knowledge on dental anomalies in patients with incontinentia pigmenti (IP) has been obtained by examining case reports; however, an overall characterization of such alterations remains lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency, type and location of dental alterations in IP using a case series. Fourteen patients (9 children and 5 adults) with a clinical diagnosis of IP who presented dental anomalies were included in this study. All patients were administered a clinical questionnaire, dental examination and radiological investigation. In the present case series, agenesis of primary dentition was present in 60 % of patients and agenesis of permanent tooth was present in 92.8 % of patients. Most cases were missing at least 6 teeth. Second molar agenesis was present in 13 patients (92.8 %). Anomalies in dental crowns occurred in 71.4 % of cases, and the central incisor was most frequently affected. Two adult patients still had primary teeth. Malocclusion was found in 10 patients (71.4 %). High-arched palate was observed in 7 (50 %) patients. Patients with IP present alterations in both primary and permanent dentition. Because the agenesis of permanent teeth is more common, primary teeth are not always replaced. In addition, the durability of primary dentition appears to be greater in IP. This study shows that patients with IP experience significant loss of teeth, especially in permanent dentition, and have an increased risk of high-arched palate compared to the general population. Prophylactic care of primary teeth in IP is relevant for improving functional and aesthetic outcomes until dental prostheses are implanted.

ANOMALY STRUCTURE OF SUPERGRAVITY AND ANOMALY CANCELLATION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Butter, Daniel; Gaillard, Mary K.

2009-06-10

We display the full anomaly structure of supergravity, including new D-term contributions to the conformal anomaly. This expression has the super-Weyl and chiral U(1){sub K} transformation properties that are required for implementation of the Green-Schwarz mechanism for anomaly cancellation. We outline the procedure for full anomaly cancellation. Our results have implications for effective supergravity theories from the weakly coupled heterotic string theory.

Aeromagnetic anomalies over faulted strata

USGS Publications Warehouse

Grauch, V.J.S.; Hudson, Mark R.

2011-01-01

High-resolution aeromagnetic surveys are now an industry standard and they commonly detect anomalies that are attributed to faults within sedimentary basins. However, detailed studies identifying geologic sources of magnetic anomalies in sedimentary environments are rare in the literature. Opportunities to study these sources have come from well-exposed sedimentary basins of the Rio Grande rift in New Mexico and Colorado. High-resolution aeromagnetic data from these areas reveal numerous, curvilinear, low-amplitude (2–15 nT at 100-m terrain clearance) anomalies that consistently correspond to intrasedimentary normal faults (Figure 1). Detailed geophysical and rock-property studies provide evidence for the magnetic sources at several exposures of these faults in the central Rio Grande rift (summarized in Grauch and Hudson, 2007, and Hudson et al., 2008). A key result is that the aeromagnetic anomalies arise from the juxtaposition of magnetically differing strata at the faults as opposed to chemical processes acting at the fault zone. The studies also provide (1) guidelines for understanding and estimating the geophysical parameters controlling aeromagnetic anomalies at faulted strata (Grauch and Hudson), and (2) observations on key geologic factors that are favorable for developing similar sedimentary sources of aeromagnetic anomalies elsewhere (Hudson et al.).

Syntheses, crystal structures and properties of series of 4d–4f ln(III)–Ag(I) heterometallic coordination polymers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ran, Xing-Rui; Wang, Ning; Xie, Wei-Ping

2015-05-15

By control of the experimental parameters such as ligands, pH value and reacting temperature, series of three-dimensional (3D) 4d–4f Ln(III)–Ag(I) porous coordination polymers (PCPs) with interesting chain-layer construction, namely, ([Ln{sup III}Ag{sup I}(na)(ina)(ox)]·2(H{sub 2}O)){sub n} [Ln=Sm(1), Eu(2), Gd(3), Tb(4), Dy(5), Ho(6), Y(7), Yb(8)], have been successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and structurally characterized. All the complexes are characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Furthermore, the luminescence properties of compounds 2 and 4 and the magsnetic properties of complexes 3 and 5 were also investigated in detail. - Graphical abstract: Series of three-dimensional (3D)more » 4d–4f Ln(III)–Ag(I) porous coordination polymers (PCPs) with interesting chain-layer construction which are featured by tetranuclear Ln{sub 2}Ag{sub 2} and ‘non-linear’ N–Ag–N linkages. - Highlights: • Complexes 1–8 are first built by three kinds of organic ligands based on nicotinic acid and isonicotinic acid. • PCPs 1–8 are featured by tetranuclear Ln{sub 2}Ag{sub 2} and ‘non-linear’ N–Ag–N linkages. • The total solvent-accessible volume of PCP 2 comprises 11.6% of the crystal volume after dislodging the free water molecules. • Complexes 2 and 4 exhibit characteristic lanthanide-centered luminescence, while compounds 3 and 5 show antiferromagnetic behaviors.« less

Synthesis, antimalarial activity, and preclinical pharmacology of a novel series of 4'-fluoro and 4'-chloro analogues of amodiaquine. Identification of a suitable "back-up" compound for N-tert-butyl isoquine.

PubMed

O'Neill, Paul M; Shone, Alison E; Stanford, Deborah; Nixon, Gemma; Asadollahy, Eghbaleh; Park, B Kevin; Maggs, James L; Roberts, Phil; Stocks, Paul A; Biagini, Giancarlo; Bray, Patrick G; Davies, Jill; Berry, Neil; Hall, Charlotte; Rimmer, Karen; Winstanley, Peter A; Hindley, Stephen; Bambal, Ramesh B; Davis, Charles B; Bates, Martin; Gresham, Stephanie L; Brigandi, Richard A; Gomez-de-Las-Heras, Federico M; Gargallo, Domingo V; Parapini, Silvia; Vivas, Livia; Lander, Hollie; Taramelli, Donatella; Ward, Stephen A

2009-04-09

On the basis of a mechanistic understanding of the toxicity of the 4-aminoquinoline amodiaquine (1b), three series of amodiaquine analogues have been prepared where the 4-aminophenol "metabolic alert" has been modified by replacement of the 4'-hydroxy group with a hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine atom. Following antimalarial assessment and studies on mechanism of action, two candidates were selected for detailed ADME studies and in vitro and in vivo toxicological assessment. 4'-Fluoro-N-tert-butylamodiaquine (2k) was subsequently identified as a candidate for further development studies based on potent activity versus chloroquine-sensitive and resistant parasites, moderate to excellent oral bioavailability, low toxicity in in vitro studies, and an acceptable safety profile.

Dental anomalies of the deciduous dentition among Indian children: a survey from Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

PubMed

Deolia, Shravani Govind; Chhabra, Chaya; Chhabra, Kumar Gaurav; Kalghatgi, Shrivardhan; Khandelwal, Naresh

2015-01-01

Anomalies and enamel hypoplasia of deciduous dentition are routinely encountered by dental professionals and early detection and careful management of such conditions facilitates may help in customary occlusal development. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypodontia, microdontia, double teeth, and hyperdontia of deciduous teeth among Indian children. The study group comprised 1,398 children (735 boys, 633 girls). The children were examined in department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry in Jodhpur Dental College General Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Clinical data were collected by single dentist according to Kreiborg criteria, which includes double teeth, hypodontia, microdontia, and supernumerary teeth. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the descriptive analysis and chi-square test. Dental anomalies were found in 4% of children. The distribution of dental anomalies were significantly more frequent (P = 0.001) in girls (5.8%, n = 38) than in boys (2.7%, n = 18). In relation to anomaly frequencies at different ages, significant difference was found between 2 and 3 years (P = 0.001). Double teeth were the most frequently (2.3%) observed anomaly. The other anomalies followed as 0.3% supernumerary teeth, 0.6% microdontia, 0.6% hypodontia. Identification of dental anomalies at an early age is of great importance as it prevents malocclusions, functional and certain psychological problems.

Branchial cleft and pouch anomalies in childhood: a report of 50 surgical cases.

PubMed

Spinelli, C; Rossi, L; Strambi, S; Piscioneri, J; Natale, G; Bertocchini, A; Messineo, A

2016-05-01

Branchial abnormalities occur when there is disturbance in the maturation of the branchial apparatus during fetal development. Branchial anomalies are congenital lesions usually present in childhood, even if they can be diagnosed later for enlargement or infection. A correct diagnosis will lead to proper management: complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. The purpose of this article is to present clinical features, diagnostic methods and surgical treatment of branchial anomalies in childhood, based on a series of 50 patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a total of 50 pediatric patients operated from June 2005 to June 2014 for the presence of branchial cleft anomalies. 27 cases (54 %) presented a second branchial cleft fistula and 11 cases (22 %) a second branchial cleft cyst and one case (2 %) presented both cyst and sinus of the second branchial cleft; four cases (8 %) presented first branchial cleft cyst whereas four cases (8 %) a first branchial cleft sinus and two cases (4 %) a first branchial cleft fistula; one case (2 %) presented a piriform sinus fistula (third branchial cleft). None of our patients presented anomalies of the fourth branchial cleft. All patients underwent surgical treatment and lesions have been removed by excision or fistulectomy. No post-surgical complication occurred. The rate of recurrence was 4 %. Pre-operative diagnosis supplies important information to the surgeon for a proper therapy: a complete excision of the lesion without inflammatory signs is essential to avoid re-intervention and to achieve a good outcome.

Spatial and Temporal scales of time-averaged 700 MB height anomalies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gutzler, D.

1981-01-01

The monthly and seasonal forecasting technique is based to a large extent on the extrapolation of trends in the positions of the centers of time averaged geopotential height anomalies. The complete forecasted height pattern is subsequently drawn around the forecasted anomaly centers. The efficacy of this technique was tested and time series of observed monthly mean and 5 day mean 700 mb geopotential heights were examined. Autocorrelation statistics are generated to document the tendency for persistence of anomalies. These statistics are compared to a red noise hypothesis to check for evidence of possible preferred time scales of persistence. Space-time spectral analyses at middle latitudes are checked for evidence of periodicities which could be associated with predictable month-to-month trends. A local measure of the average spatial scale of anomalies is devised for guidance in the completion of the anomaly pattern around the forecasted centers.

A series of Zn/Cd coordination polymers constructed from 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate and N-donor ligands: Syntheses, structures and luminescence sensing of Cr3+ in aqueous solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Dong-Cheng; Fan, Yan; Si, Chang-Dai; Wu, Ya-Jun; Dong, Xiu-Yan; Yang, Yun-Xia; Yao, Xiao-Qiang; Liu, Jia-Cheng

2016-09-01

A novel series of Zn/Cd coordination polymers based on H3L, namely, [Zn2(HL)2(bipy)2(H2O)6]n (1), [Zn(HL)(phen)]n (2), [Cd3L2(bbi)3]n (3), [Zn3L2(bbi)3]n (4) [(H3L =4-[(1-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)oxy]phthalic acid, bipy =4,4‧-bipyridine, phen =1,10-phenanthroline, bbi =1,1‧-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole] have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal reaction. Compound 1 possesses two diverse 1D chains constructed by different bipy coligands, which were further connected to form a 3D supramolecular architecture by hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 2 possesses a complicated 1D chain based on secondary building unit (SBU) with binuclear Zn cluster. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibit similar 2D→3D framework, which can be rationalized as (3,4,4)-connected 3D net with a Schläfli symbol of (63.8.102)2(63)2(64.8.10). In particular, compound 3 exhibited a high sensitivity for Cr3+ in aqueous solutions, which suggest that compound 3 is a promising luminescent probe for selectively sensing Cr3+.

4-N-Hydroxy-4-[1-(sulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl]-butyramides as HDAC inhibitors.

PubMed

Rossi, Cristina; Fincham, Christopher I; D'Andrea, Piero; Porcelloni, Marina; Ettorre, Alessandro; Mauro, Sandro; Bigioni, Mario; Binaschi, Monica; Maggi, Carlo A; Nardelli, Federica; Parlani, Massimo; Fattori, Daniela

2011-11-15

A series of N-substituted 4-alkylpiperidine hydroxamic acids, corresponding to the basic structure of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (zinc binding moiety-linker-capping group) has been previously reported by our group. Linker length and aromatic capping group connection were systematically varied to find the optimal geometric parameters. A new series of submicromolar inhibitors was thus identified, which showed antiproliferative activity on HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells. We report here the second part of the strategy used in our research group to find a new class of HDAC inhibitors, namely the SAR study for the compounds bearing a sulfonyl group on the piperidine nitrogen. In the present work, we have considered both sulfonamides and sulfonyl ureas. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Gravity anomalies on Venus

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sjogren, W. L.; Phillips, R. J.; Birkeland, P. W.; Wimberly, R. N.

1980-01-01

Doppler radio tracking of the Pioneer Venus orbiter has provided gravity measures over a significant portion of Venus. Feature resolution is approximately 300-1000 km within an area extending from 10 deg S to 40 deg N latitude and from 70 deg W to 130 deg E longitude (approximately equal to 200 deg). Many anomalies were detected, and there is considerable correlation with radar altimetry topography (Pettengill et al., 1980). The amplitudes of the anomalies are relatively mild and similar to those on earth at this resolution. Calculations for isostatic adjustment reveal that significant compensation has occurred.

Anomalies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Online-Offline, 1999

1999-01-01

This theme issue on anomalies includes Web sites, CD-ROMs and software, videos, books, and additional resources for elementary and junior high school students. Pertinent activities are suggested, and sidebars discuss UFOs, animal anomalies, and anomalies from nature; and resources covering unexplained phenonmenas like crop circles, Easter Island,…

Maternal psychological responses during pregnancy after ultrasonographic detection of structural fetal anomalies: A prospective longitudinal observational study

PubMed Central

Kaasen, Anne; Helbig, Anne; Malt, Ulrik F.; Næs, Tormod; Skari, Hans; Haugen, Guttorm

2017-01-01

In this longitudinal prospective observational study performed at a tertiary perinatal referral centre, we aimed to assess maternal distress in pregnancy in women with ultrasound findings of fetal anomaly and compare this with distress in pregnant women with normal ultrasound findings. Pregnant women with a structural fetal anomaly (n = 48) and normal ultrasound (n = 105) were included. We administered self-report questionnaires (General Health Questionnaire-28, Impact of Event Scale-22 [IES], and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) a few days following ultrasound detection of a fetal anomaly or a normal ultrasound (T1), 3 weeks post-ultrasound (T2), and at 30 (T3) and 36 weeks gestation (T4). Social dysfunction, health perception, and psychological distress (intrusion, avoidance, arousal, anxiety, and depression) were the main outcome measures. The median gestational age at T1 was 20 and 19 weeks in the group with and without fetal anomaly, respectively. In the fetal anomaly group, all psychological distress scores were highest at T1. In the group with a normal scan, distress scores were stable throughout pregnancy. At all assessments, the fetal anomaly group scored significantly higher (especially on depression-related questions) compared to the normal scan group, except on the IES Intrusion and Arousal subscales at T4, although with large individual differences. In conclusion, women with a known fetal anomaly initially had high stress scores, which gradually decreased, resembling those in women with a normal pregnancy. Psychological stress levels were stable and low during the latter half of gestation in women with a normal pregnancy. PMID:28350879

A series of 2, 4, 5-trisubstituted oxazole: Synthesis, characterization and DFT modelling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kadam, Vinay S.; Shaikh, Saminaparwin G.; Patel, Arun L.

2016-06-01

A new series of 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole were synthesized with good yields using simple methodology. All the compounds were thoroughly characterized by IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and mass spectrometry and structures of 2-(4-butyloxyphenyl)-4,5-dimethyloxazole (5b) and 4,5-dimethyl-2-(4-(octyloxy)phenyl)oxazole(5e) were unambiguously determined by X-ray crystallography. Evidently, the crystal structures of these compounds showed C-H⋯N and C-H⋯O intermolecular interactions. The electronic structures of these compounds were also studied by DFT at B3LYP/6-311G ++ level of theory.

Oxygen vibrations in the series Bi2Sr2Ca{_{n-1}}Cu{n}O{_{4+2 n+y}}

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Faulques, E.; Dupouy, P.; Lefrant, S.

1991-06-01

We present a discussion of the oxygen vibrations in the Bi{2}Sr{2}Ca{n-1}Cu{n}O{4+2 n+y} high T_c superconductors with the aim of interpreting Raman spectra in the case of the non-symmorphic Amaa structure. Group theory shows that the oxygen atoms belonging to the central CuO{2} plane generate a Raman activity for the n=1,3 phases. Consequently, we propose a novel assignment for the lines of weak intensity at 297, 316 and 333 cm^{-1}. It is shown that the two components of the 460 cm^{-1} band may be consistent with the Amma structure. Spectra recorded in crossed polarization exhibit weak lines which could be assigned to B {1g} modes expected for the three phases. Nous présentons une discussion sur les vibrations des atomes d'oxygène dans la série des supraconducteurs Bi{2}Sr{2}Ca{n-1}Cu{n}O{4+2 n+y} dans le but d'interpréter les spectres Raman. L'analyse des modes normaux de vibration de la structure Amaa pour les phases n=1 ou 3 montre que les atomes d'oxygène du plan CuO{2} contenant les centres d'inversion donnent lieu à une activité Raman. En conséquence, nous proposons une nouvelle attribution pour les raies de faible intensité à 297, 316 et 333 cm^{-1}. Nous montrons que le dédoublement de la bande à 460 cm^{-1} pourrait être dû à la structure Amaa. Les spectres enregistrés en polarization croisée montrent de faibles bandes qui peuvent être attribuées aux modes B {1g} attendus pour les trois phases.

Electron-temperature dependence of dissociative recombination of electrons with CO(+)-(CO)n-series ions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whitaker, M.; Biondi, M. A.; Johnsen, R.

1980-01-01

A microwave afterglow mass spectrometer apparatus is used to determine the dependence on electron temperature T sub e of the recombination coefficients alpha sub n of the dimer and trimer ions of the series CO+.(CO) sub n. It is found that alpha sub 1 = (1.3 + or - 0.3)x 0.000001 (T sub e(K)/300) to the -0.34; and alpha sub 2 = (1.9 + or - 0.4)x 0.000001 (T sub e(K)/300) to the -0.33 cu cm/sec. These dependences on T sub e are quite different from those obtained previously for polar-cluster ions of the hydronium and ammonium series but are similar to that for simple diatomic ions.

The effect of scale on the interpretation of geochemical anomalies

USGS Publications Warehouse

Theobald, P.K.; Eppinger, R.G.; Turner, R.L.; Shiquan, S.

1991-01-01

The purpose of geochemical surveys changes with scale. Regional surveys identify areas where mineral deposits are most likely to occur, whereas intermediate surveys identify and prioritize specific targets. At detailed scales specific deposit models may be applied and deposits delineated. The interpretation of regional geochemical surveys must take into account scale-dependent difference in the nature and objectives of this type of survey. Overinterpretation of regional data should be resisted, as should recommendations to restrict intermediate or detailed follow-up surveys to the search for specific deposit types or to a too limited suite of elements. Regional surveys identify metallogenic provinces within which a variety of deposit types and metals are most likely to be found. At intermediate scale, these regional provinces often dissipate into discrete clusters of anomalous areas. At detailed scale, individual anomalous areas reflect local conditions of mineralization and may seem unrelated to each other. Four examples from arid environments illustrate the dramatic change in patterns of anomalies between regional and more detailed surveys. On the Arabian Shield, a broad regional anomaly reflects the distribution of highly differentiated anorogenic granites. A particularly prominent part of the regional anomaly includes, in addition to the usual elements related to the granites, the assemblage of Mo, W and Sn. Initial interpretation suggested potential for granite-related, stockwork Mo deposits. Detailed work identified three separate sources for the anomaly: a metal-rich granite, a silicified and stockwork-veined area with scheelite and molybdenite, and scheelite/powellite concentrations in skarn deposits adjacent to a ring-dike complex. Regional geochemical, geophysical and remote-sensing data in the Sonoran Desert, Mexico, define a series of linear features interpreted to reflect fundamental, northeast-trending fractures in the crust that served as the prime

The structures of marialite (Me[subscript 6]) and meionite (Me[subscript 93]) in space groups P4[subscript 2]/n and I4/m, and the absence of phase transitions in the scapolite series

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Antao, Sytle M.; Hassan, Ishmael; Calgary)

2014-05-28

The crystal structures of marialite (Me{sub 6}) from Badakhshan, Afghanistan and meionite (Me{sub 93}) from Mt. Vesuvius, Italy were obtained using synchrotron high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction (HRPXRD) data and Rietveld structure refinements. Their structures were refined in space groups I4/m and P42/n, and similar results were obtained. The Me{sub 6} sample has a formula Ca{sub 0.24}Na{sub 3.37}K{sub 0.24}[Al{sub 3.16}Si{sub 8.84}O{sub 24}]Cl{sub 0.84}(CO{sub 3}){sub 0.15}, and its unit-cell parameters are a = 12.047555(7), c = 7.563210(6) {angstrom}, and V = 1097.751(1) {angstrom}{sup 3}. The average (T1-O) distances are 1.599(1) {angstrom} in I4/m and 1.600(2) {angstrom} in P4{sub 2}/n, indicating that themore » T1 site contains only Si atoms. In P4{sub 2}/n, the average distances of (T2-O) = 1.655(2) and (T3-O) = 1.664(2) {angstrom} are distinct and are not equal to each other. However, the mean (T2,3-O) = 1.659(2) {angstrom} in P4{sub 2}/n and is identical to the (T2-O) = 1.659(1) {angstrom} in I4/m. The (M-O) [7] = 2.754(1) {angstrom} (M site is coordinated to seven framework O atoms) and M-A = 2.914(1) {angstrom}; these distances are identical in both space groups. The Me{sub 93} sample has a formula of Na{sub 0.29}Ca{sub 3.76}[Al{sub 5.54}Si{sub 6.46}O{sub 24}]Cl{sub 0.05}(SO{sub 4}){sub 0.02}(CO{sub 3}){sub 0.93}, and its unit-cell parameters are a = 12.19882(1), c = 7.576954(8) {angstrom}, and V = 1127.535(2) {angstrom}{sup 3}. A similar examination of the Me{sub 93} sample also shows that both space groups give similar results; however, the C-O distance is more reasonable in P4{sub 2}/n than in I4/m. Refining the scapolite structure near Me{sub 0} or Me{sub 100} in I4/m forces the T2 and T3 sites (both with multiplicity 8 in P4{sub 2}/n) to be equivalent and form the T2' site (with multiplicity 16 in I4/m), but (T2-O) is not equal to (T3-O) in P4{sub 2}/n. Using different space groups for different regions across the series implies phase

DOWN'S ANOMALY.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

PENROSE, L.S.; SMITH, G.F.

BOTH CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND MATHEMATICAL ELABORATIONS OF DOWN'S ANOMALY, KNOWN ALSO AS MONGOLISM, ARE PRESENTED IN THIS REFERENCE MANUAL FOR PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL. INFORMATION PROVIDED CONCERNS (1) HISTORICAL STUDIES, (2) PHYSICAL SIGNS, (3) BONES AND MUSCLES, (4) MENTAL DEVELOPMENT, (5) DERMATOGLYPHS, (6) HEMATOLOGY, (7)…

Diffusivity anomaly in modified Stillinger-Weber liquids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sengupta, Shiladitya; Vasisht, Vishwas V.; Sastry, Srikanth

2014-01-01

By modifying the tetrahedrality (the strength of the three body interactions) in the well-known Stillinger-Weber model for silicon, we study the diffusivity of a series of model liquids as a function of tetrahedrality and temperature at fixed pressure. Previous work has shown that at constant temperature, the diffusivity exhibits a maximum as a function of tetrahedrality, which we refer to as the diffusivity anomaly, in analogy with the well-known anomaly in water upon variation of pressure at constant temperature. We explore to what extent the structural and thermodynamic changes accompanying changes in the interaction potential can help rationalize the diffusivity anomaly, by employing the Rosenfeld relation between diffusivity and the excess entropy (over the ideal gas reference value), and the pair correlation entropy, which provides an approximation to the excess entropy in terms of the pair correlation function. We find that in the modified Stillinger-Weber liquids, the Rosenfeld relation works well above the melting temperatures but exhibits deviations below, with the deviations becoming smaller for smaller tetrahedrality. Further we find that both the excess entropy and the pair correlation entropy at constant temperature go through maxima as a function of the tetrahedrality, thus demonstrating the close relationship between structural, thermodynamic, and dynamical anomalies in the modified Stillinger-Weber liquids.

Weak extremely-low-frequency magnetic field-induced regeneration anomalies in the planarian, Dugesia tigrina

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jenrow, K.A.; Smith, C.H.; Liboff, A.R.

1996-12-31

The authors recently reported that cephalic regeneration in the planarian Dugesia tigrina was significantly delayed in populations exposed continuously to combined parallel DC and AC magnetic fields. This effect was consistent with hypotheses suggesting an underlying resonance phenomenon. The authors report here, in a parallel series of investigations on the same model system, that the incidence of regeneration anomalies presenting as tumor-like protuberances also increases significantly (P < .001) in association with exposure to weak 60 Hz magnetic fields, with peak intensities ranging between 1.0 and 80.0 {micro}T. These anomalies often culminate in the complete disaggregation of the organism. Similarmore » to regeneration rate effects, the incidence of regeneration anomalies is specifically dependent upon the planaria possessing a fixed orientation with respect to the applied magnetic field vectors. However, unlike the regeneration rate effects, the AC magnetic field alone, in the absence of any measurable DC field, is capable of producing these anomalies. Moreover, the incidence of regeneration anomalies follows a clear dose-response relationship as a function of AC magnetic field intensity, with the threshold for induced electric field intensity estimated at 5 {micro} V/m. The addition of either 51.1 or 78.4 {micro}T DC magnetic fields, applied in parallel combination with the AC field, enhances the appearance of anomalies relative to the 60 Hz AC field alone, but only at certain AC field intensities. Thus, whereas the previous study of regeneration rate effects appeared to involve exclusively resonance interactions, the regeneration anomalies reported here appear to result primarily from Faraday induction coupling.« less

Detailed gravity anomalies from Geos 3 satellite altimetry data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gopalapillai, G. S.; Mourad, A. G.

1979-01-01

Detailed gravity anomalies are computed from a combination of Geos 3 satellite altimeter and terrestrial gravity data using least-squares principles. The mathematical model used is based on the Stokes' equation modified for a nonglobal solution. Using Geos 3 data in the calibration area, the effects of several anomaly parameter configurations and data densities/distributions on the anomalies and their accuracy estimates are studied. The accuracy estimates for 1 deg x 1 deg mean anomalies from low density altimetry data are of the order of 4 mgal. Comparison of these anomalies with the terrestrial data and also with Rapp's data derived using collocation techniques show rms differences of 7.2 and 4.9 mgal, respectively. Indications are that the anomaly accuracies can be improved to about 2 mgal with high density data. Estimation of 30 in. x 30 in. mean anomalies indicates accuracies of the order of 5 mgal. Proper verification of these results will be possible only when accurate ground truth data become available.

Ozone Variability and Anomalies Observed During SENEX and SEAC4RS Campaigns in 2013

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuang, Shi; Newchurch, Michael J.; Thompson, Anne M.; Stauffer, Ryan M.; Johnson, Bryan J.; Wang, Lihua

2017-10-01

Tropospheric ozone variability occurs because of multiple forcing factors including surface emission of ozone precursors, stratosphere-to-troposphere transport (STT), and meteorological conditions. Analyses of ozonesonde observations made in Huntsville, AL, during the peak ozone season (May to September) in 2013 indicate that ozone in the planetary boundary layer was significantly lower than the climatological average, especially in July and August when the Southeastern United States (SEUS) experienced unusually cool and wet weather. Because of a large influence of the lower stratosphere, however, upper tropospheric ozone was mostly higher than climatology, especially from May to July. Tropospheric ozone anomalies were strongly anticorrelated (or correlated) with water vapor (or temperature) anomalies with a correlation coefficient mostly about 0.6 throughout the entire troposphere. The regression slopes between ozone and temperature anomalies for surface up to midtroposphere are within 3.0-4.1 ppbv K-1. The occurrence rates of tropospheric ozone laminae due to STT are ≥50% in May and June and about 30% in July, August, and September suggesting that the stratospheric influence on free-tropospheric ozone could be significant during early summer. These STT laminae have a mean maximum ozone enhancement over the climatology of 52 ± 33% (35 ± 24 ppbv) with a mean minimum relative humidity of 2.3 ± 1.7%.

A series of Zn/Cd coordination polymers constructed from 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate and N-donor ligands: Syntheses, structures and luminescence sensing of Cr{sup 3+} in aqueous solutions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hu, Dong-Cheng; Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063; Fan, Yan

A novel series of Zn/Cd coordination polymers based on H{sub 3}L, namely, [Zn{sub 2}(HL){sub 2}(bipy){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sub n} (1), [Zn(HL)(phen)]{sub n} (2), [Cd{sub 3}L{sub 2}(bbi){sub 3}]{sub n} (3), [Zn{sub 3}L{sub 2}(bbi){sub 3}]{sub n} (4) [(H{sub 3}L =4-[(1-carboxynaphthalen-2-yl)oxy]phthalic acid, bipy =4,4′-bipyridine, phen =1,10-phenanthroline, bbi =1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole] have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal reaction. Compound 1 possesses two diverse 1D chains constructed by different bipy coligands, which were further connected to form a 3D supramolecular architecture by hydrogen bonding interactions. Compound 2 possesses a complicated 1D chain based on secondary building unit (SBU) with binuclear Zn cluster. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibitmore » similar 2D→3D framework, which can be rationalized as (3,4,4)-connected 3D net with a Schläfli symbol of (6{sup 3}.8.10{sup 2}){sub 2}(6{sup 3}){sub 2}(6{sup 4}.8.10). In particular, compound 3 exhibited a high sensitivity for Cr{sup 3+} in aqueous solutions, which suggest that compound 3 is a promising luminescent probe for selectively sensing Cr{sup 3+}. - Graphical abstract: A series of novel Zn/Cd coordination polymers have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal reaction. The unique 3D Cd{sup 2+} polymer containing bbi as second ligand demonstrates high sensitivity for detection of toxic Cr{sup 3+} in aqueous solutions. Display Omitted - Highlights: • π-conjugated semirigid tricarboxylate ligands with naphthalene rings(H{sub 3}L) were rationally designed. • Four Zn/Cd coordination polymers based on H{sub 3}L have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal reaction. • Compound 3 is a promising luminescent probe for selectively sensing Cr{sup 3+} with high sensitivity in aqueous solutions.« less

Sensitivity of Asian Summer Monsoon precipitation to tropical sea surface temperature anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Lei; Shin, Sang-Ik; Liu, Zhengyu; Liu, Qinyu

2016-10-01

Sensitivity of Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) precipitation to tropical sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies was estimated from ensemble simulations of two atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) with an array of idealized SST anomaly patch prescriptions. Consistent sensitivity patterns were obtained in both models. Sensitivity of Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) precipitation to cooling in the East Pacific was much weaker than to that of the same magnitude in the local Indian-western Pacific, over which a meridional pattern of warm north and cold south was most instrumental in increasing ISM precipitation. This indicates that the strength of the ENSO-ISM relationship is due to the large-amplitude East Pacific SST anomaly rather than its sensitivity value. Sensitivity of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM), represented by the Yangtze-Huai River Valley (YHRV, also known as the meiyu-baiu front) precipitation, is non-uniform across the Indian Ocean basin. YHRV precipitation was most sensitive to warm SST anomalies over the northern Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, whereas the southern Indian Ocean had the opposite effect. This implies that the strengthened EASM in the post-Niño year is attributable mainly to warming of the northern Indian Ocean. The corresponding physical links between these SST anomaly patterns and ASM precipitation were also discussed. The relevance of sensitivity maps was justified by the high correlation between sensitivity-map-based reconstructed time series using observed SST anomaly patterns and actual precipitation series derived from ensemble-mean atmospheric GCM runs with time-varying global SST prescriptions during the same period. The correlation results indicated that sensitivity maps derived from patch experiments were far superior to those based on regression methods.

Characteristics of Marine Gravity Anomaly Reference Maps and Accuracy Analysis of Gravity Matching-Aided Navigation.

PubMed

Wang, Hubiao; Wu, Lin; Chai, Hua; Xiao, Yaofei; Hsu, Houtse; Wang, Yong

2017-08-10

The variation of a marine gravity anomaly reference map is one of the important factors that affect the location accuracy of INS/Gravity integrated navigation systems in underwater navigation. In this study, based on marine gravity anomaly reference maps, new characteristic parameters of the gravity anomaly were constructed. Those characteristic values were calculated for 13 zones (105°-145° E, 0°-40° N) in the Western Pacific area, and simulation experiments of gravity matching-aided navigation were run. The influence of gravity variations on the accuracy of gravity matching-aided navigation was analyzed, and location accuracy of gravity matching in different zones was determined. Studies indicate that the new parameters may better characterize the marine gravity anomaly. Given the precision of current gravimeters and the resolution and accuracy of reference maps, the location accuracy of gravity matching in China's Western Pacific area is ~1.0-4.0 nautical miles (n miles). In particular, accuracy in regions around the South China Sea and Sulu Sea was the highest, better than 1.5 n miles. The gravity characteristic parameters identified herein and characteristic values calculated in various zones provide a reference for the selection of navigation area and planning of sailing routes under conditions requiring certain navigational accuracy.

Characteristics of Marine Gravity Anomaly Reference Maps and Accuracy Analysis of Gravity Matching-Aided Navigation

PubMed Central

Wang, Hubiao; Chai, Hua; Xiao, Yaofei; Hsu, Houtse; Wang, Yong

2017-01-01

The variation of a marine gravity anomaly reference map is one of the important factors that affect the location accuracy of INS/Gravity integrated navigation systems in underwater navigation. In this study, based on marine gravity anomaly reference maps, new characteristic parameters of the gravity anomaly were constructed. Those characteristic values were calculated for 13 zones (105°–145° E, 0°–40° N) in the Western Pacific area, and simulation experiments of gravity matching-aided navigation were run. The influence of gravity variations on the accuracy of gravity matching-aided navigation was analyzed, and location accuracy of gravity matching in different zones was determined. Studies indicate that the new parameters may better characterize the marine gravity anomaly. Given the precision of current gravimeters and the resolution and accuracy of reference maps, the location accuracy of gravity matching in China’s Western Pacific area is ~1.0–4.0 nautical miles (n miles). In particular, accuracy in regions around the South China Sea and Sulu Sea was the highest, better than 1.5 n miles. The gravity characteristic parameters identified herein and characteristic values calculated in various zones provide a reference for the selection of navigation area and planning of sailing routes under conditions requiring certain navigational accuracy. PMID:28796158

Distribution of female genital tract anomalies in two classifications.

PubMed

Heinonen, Pentti K

2016-11-01

This study assessed the distribution of Müllerian duct anomalies in two verified classifications of female genital tract malformations, and the presence of associated renal defects. 621 women with confirmed female genital tract anomalies were retrospectively grouped under the European (ESHRE/ESGE) and the American (AFS) classification. The diagnosis of uterine malformation was based on findings in hysterosalpingography, two-dimensional ultrasonography, endoscopies, laparotomy, cesarean section and magnetic resonance imaging in 97.3% of cases. Renal status was determined in 378 patients, including 5 with normal uterus and vagina. The European classification covered all 621 women studied. Uterine anomalies without cervical or vaginal anomaly were found in 302 (48.6%) patients. Uterine anomaly was associated with vaginal anomaly in 45.2%, and vaginal anomaly alone was found in 26 (4.2%) cases. Septate uterus was the most common (49.1%) of all genital tract anomalies, followed by bicorporeal uteri (18.2%). The American classification covered 590 (95%) out of the 621 women with genital tract anomalies. The American system did not take into account vaginal anomalies in 170 (34.7%) and cervical anomalies in 174 (35.5%) out of 490 cases with uterine malformations. Renal abnormalities were found in 71 (18.8%) out of 378 women, unilateral renal agenesis being the most common defect (12.2%), also found in 4 women without Müllerian duct anomaly. The European classification sufficiently covered uterine and vaginal abnormalities. The distribution of the main uterine anomalies was equal in both classifications. The American system missed cervical and vaginal anomalies associated with uterine anomalies. Evaluation of renal system is recommended for all patients with genital tract anomalies. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Diurnal Differences in OLR Climatologies and Anomaly Time Series

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Susskind, Joel; Lee, Jae N.; Iredell, Lena; Loeb, Norm

2015-01-01

AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) Version-6 OLR (Outgoing Long-Wave Radiation) matches CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) Edition-2.8 OLR very closely on a 1x1 latitude x longitude scale, both with regard to absolute values, and also with regard to anomalies of OLR. There is a bias of 3.5 watts per meter squared, which is nearly constant both in time and space. Contiguous areas contain large positive or negative OLR difference between AIRS and CERES are where the day-night difference of OLR is large. For AIRS, the larger the diurnal cycle, the more likely that sampling twice a day is inadequate. Lower values of OLRclr (Clear Sky OLR) and LWCRF (Longwave Cloud Radiative Forcing) in AIRS compared to CERES is at least in part a result of AIRS sampling over cold and cloudy cases.

Whole exome sequence analysis of Peters anomaly

PubMed Central

Weh, Eric; Reis, Linda M.; Happ, Hannah C.; Levin, Alex V.; Wheeler, Patricia G.; David, Karen L.; Carney, Erin; Angle, Brad; Hauser, Natalie

2015-01-01

Peters anomaly is a rare form of anterior segment ocular dysgenesis, which can also be associated with additional systemic defects. At this time, the majority of cases of Peters anomaly lack a genetic diagnosis. We performed whole exome sequencing of 27 patients with syndromic or isolated Peters anomaly to search for pathogenic mutations in currently known ocular genes. Among the eight previously recognized Peters anomaly genes, we identified a de novo missense mutation in PAX6, c.155G>A, p.(Cys52Tyr), in one patient. Analysis of 691 additional genes currently associated with a different ocular phenotype identified a heterozygous splicing mutation c.1025+2T>A in TFAP2A, a de novo heterozygous nonsense mutation c.715C>T, p.(Gln239*) in HCCS, a hemizygous mutation c.385G>A, p.(Glu129Lys) in NDP, a hemizygous mutation c.3446C>T, p.(Pro1149Leu) in FLNA, and compound heterozygous mutations c.1422T>A, p.(Tyr474*) and c.2544G>A, p.(Met848Ile) in SLC4A11; all mutations, except for the FLNA and SLC4A11 c.2544G>A alleles, are novel. This is the frst study to use whole exome sequencing to discern the genetic etiology of a large cohort of patients with syndromic or isolated Peters anomaly. We report five new genes associated with this condition and suggest screening of TFAP2A and FLNA in patients with Peters anomaly and relevant syndromic features and HCCS, NDP and SLC4A11 in patients with isolated Peters anomaly. PMID:25182519

Global and Hemispheric Temperature Anomalies: Land and Marine Instrumental Records (1850 - 2015)

DOE Data Explorer

Jones, P. D. [Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Parker, D. E. [Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, Berkshire, United Kingdom; Osborn, T. J. [Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Briffa, K. R. [Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom

2016-05-01

These global and hemispheric temperature anomaly time series, which incorporate land and marine data, are continually updated and expanded by P. Jones of the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) with help from colleagues at the CRU and other institutions. Some of the earliest work in producing these temperature series dates back to Jones et al. (1986a,b,c), Jones (1988, 1994), and Jones and Briffa (1992). Most of the discussion of methods given here has been gleaned from the Frequently Asked Questions section of the CRU temperature data web pages. Users are encouraged to visit the CRU Web site for the most comprehensive overview of these data (the "HadCRUT4" dataset), other associated datasets, and the most recent literature references to the work of Jones et al.

Origin of the extremely large magnetoresistance in topological semimetal PtS n4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, X.; Xiao, R. C.; Chen, F. C.; Yan, J.; Pei, Q. L.; Sun, Y.; Lu, W. J.; Tong, P.; Sheng, Z. G.; Zhu, X. B.; Song, W. H.; Sun, Y. P.

2018-05-01

PtS n4 with extremely large magnetoresistance (XMR), a fascinating topological material platform, hosts a novel topological structure and Dirac node arcs, in which the Dirac nodes form closed loops in the momentum space. Here we performed the angular dependent magnetoresistivity (AMR), Hall effect, heat capacity measurements, and first-principles calculations to study the electronic properties of topological semimetal PtS n4 . There are some interesting observations on PtS n4 . (1) In the different experimental probes, we observed the anomalies around T ˜55 K . Significant changes of the transport results and the heat capacity have been observed, indicating successive Fermi surface reconstruction induced by the temperature. It means there is Lifshitz transition (LT) induced by the temperature in PtS n4 . (2) The perfect compensation between the electron and hole has been found around T ˜30 K , where the XMR appears, which is confirmed by the Hall effect measurements and the first-principles calculations. The XMR effect in PtS n4 is suggested to originate from the combination of the electron-hole compensation and a particular orbital texture on the electron pocket. Meanwhile, we also found that LT seems to serve as a knob for the novel topological properties in two-dimensional (2D) topological semimetals (TSMs).

More N =4 superconformal bootstrap

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beem, Christopher; Rastelli, Leonardo; van Rees, Balt C.

2017-08-01

In this long overdue second installment, we continue to develop the conformal bootstrap program for N =4 superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in four dimensions via an analysis of the correlation function of four stress-tensor supermultiplets. We review analytic results for this correlator and make contact with the SCFT/chiral algebra correspondence of Beem et al. [Commun. Math. Phys. 336, 1359 (2015), 10.1007/s00220-014-2272-x]. We demonstrate that the constraints of unitarity and crossing symmetry require the central charge c to be greater than or equal to 3 /4 in any interacting N =4 SCFT. We apply numerical bootstrap methods to derive upper bounds on scaling dimensions and operator product expansion coefficients for several low-lying, unprotected operators as a function of the central charge. We interpret our bounds in the context of N =4 super Yang-Mills theories, formulating a series of conjectures regarding the embedding of the conformal manifold—parametrized by the complexified gauge coupling—into the space of scaling dimensions and operator product expansion coefficients. Our conjectures assign a distinguished role to points on the conformal manifold that are self-dual under a subgroup of the S -duality group. This paper contains a more detailed exposition of a number of results previously reported in Beem et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 071601 (2013), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.071601] in addition to new results.

Dental and oral anomalies in incontinentia pigmenti: a systematic review.

PubMed

Minić, Snežana; Trpinac, Dušan; Gabriel, Heinz; Gencik, Martin; Obradović, Miljana

2013-01-01

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is an X-linked genodermatosis caused by a mutation of the IKBKG gene. The objective of this study was to present a systematic review of the dental and oral types of anomalies, to determine the total number and sex distribution of the anomalies, and to analyze possible therapies. We analyzed the literature data from 1,286 IP cases from the period 1993-2010. Dental and/or oral anomalies were diagnosed for 54.38% of the investigated IP patients. Most of the anomaly types were dental, and the most frequent of these were dental shape anomalies, hypodontia, and delayed dentition. The most frequent oral anomaly types were cleft palate and high arched palate. IKBKG exon 4-10 deletion was present in 86.36% of genetically confirmed IP patients. According to the frequency, dental and/or oral anomalies represent the most frequent and important IP minor criteria. The most frequent mutation was IKBKG exon 4-10 deletion. The majority of dental anomalies and some of the oral anomalies could be corrected. Because of the presence of cleft palate and high arched palate in IP patients, these two anomalies may be considered as diagnostic IP minor criteria as well.

Seasonal variations of the ionospheric total electron content in Asian equatorial anomaly regions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, Ho-Fang; Liu, Jann-Yenq; Tsai, Wei-Hsiung; Liu, Chao-Han; Tseng, Ching-Liang; Wu, Chin-Chun

2001-12-01

The ionospheric total electron contents (TEC) in both northern and southern equatorial anomaly regions are examined by using the Global Positioning System (GPS) in Asian area. The TEC contour charts obtained at YMSM (25.2°N, 121.6°E 14.0°N geomagnetic) and DGAR (7.3°S, 72.4°E 16.2°S geomagnetic) stations in 1997, solar minimum, are investigated. It is found that the ionospheric crests manifest remarkable seasonal variations. The TEC values on both northern and southern equatorial anomaly crests yield their maximum values during the vernal and autumnal months, but the winter anomaly does not appear in the southern region. Results show that both crests are fully developed around midday in winter, postnoon in equinoxes and late afternoon in summer, and the two crests move significantly equatorward in winter but slightly poleward in summer and autumn. These phenomena can be fully explained by a combined theory of the transequatorial neutral wind, the subsolar point, and the auroral equatorward wind.

Barium and neodymium isotopic anomalies in the Allende meteorite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcculloch, M. T.; Wasserburg, G. J.

1978-01-01

The discovery of Ba and Nd isotopic anomalies in two inclusions from the Allende meteorite is reported. The inclusions are Ca-Al-rich objects typical of the type considered as high-temperature condensation products in the solar nebula and contain distinctive Mg and O isotopic anomalies of the FUN (mass Fractionation, Unknown Nuclear processes) type. Mass-spectrometry results are discussed which show that inclusion C1 has anomalies in Ba at masses 134 and 136, while inclusion EK1-4-1 exhibits large marked negative anomalies at 130, 132, 134, and 136, as well as a positive anomaly at 137. It is also found that inclusion EK1-4-1 shows marked negative anomalies in Nd at masses 142, 146, 148, and 150, in addition to a positive anomaly at 145. These isotopic shifts are attributed to addition of r-process nuclei rather than mass fractionation. It is suggested that an onion-shell supernova explosion followed by injection into the solar nebula is the most likely generic model that may explain the observations.

Northern East Pacific Rise: Magnetic anomaly and bathymetric framework

USGS Publications Warehouse

Klitgord, Kim D.; Mammerickx, Jacqueline

1982-01-01

The oceanic crust in the eastern Pacific between 7°N and 30°N and east of 127°W contains a fairly complete history of the spreading centers associated with the East Pacific Rise since 25 m.y. B.P. (late Oligocene). In this paper, we have summarized the seafloor spreading magnetic-anomaly data and the bathymetric data that reflect the record of this tectonic history. The well-defined magnetic lineations north of the Clarion fracture zone, in the mouth of the Gulf of California, and on the east flank of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) are carefully examined and used to provide a guide for interpreting the spreading pattern between the Clarion and Clipperton fracture zones, southward of the Rivera fracture zone over the Mathematician Ridge, and over the entire EPR east of the Mathematician Ridge between the Rivera and Siqueiros fracture zones. The bathymetric data provide a trace of the fracture zone pattern in each of the above mentioned areas. The fracture zone bathymetry and the seafloor spreading magnetic lineations on the EPR south of the Rivera fracture zone have a distinctive fanning pattern caused by close poles of rotation and plate boundary reorganizations. All these data provide a good record of the plate reorganizations in the middle Miocene at magnetic anomaly 5 A time (12.5 to 11 m.y. B.P.), in the late Miocene at magnetic anomaly 3′−4 time (6.5 m.y. B.P.), and in the Pliocene at magnetic anomaly 2′−3 time (3.5 m.y. B.P.). Several abandoned spreading centers, including the Mathematician Ridge, were left behind as a result of these reorganizations. The Mathematician Ridge is shown to be a set of ridges and trough whose origin is related to the tectonic activity associated with each of the above mentioned reorganizations since anomaly 5A.

Multi-Level Anomaly Detection on Time-Varying Graph Data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bridges, Robert A; Collins, John P; Ferragut, Erik M

This work presents a novel modeling and analysis framework for graph sequences which addresses the challenge of detecting and contextualizing anomalies in labelled, streaming graph data. We introduce a generalization of the BTER model of Seshadhri et al. by adding flexibility to community structure, and use this model to perform multi-scale graph anomaly detection. Specifically, probability models describing coarse subgraphs are built by aggregating probabilities at finer levels, and these closely related hierarchical models simultaneously detect deviations from expectation. This technique provides insight into a graph's structure and internal context that may shed light on a detected event. Additionally, thismore » multi-scale analysis facilitates intuitive visualizations by allowing users to narrow focus from an anomalous graph to particular subgraphs or nodes causing the anomaly. For evaluation, two hierarchical anomaly detectors are tested against a baseline Gaussian method on a series of sampled graphs. We demonstrate that our graph statistics-based approach outperforms both a distribution-based detector and the baseline in a labeled setting with community structure, and it accurately detects anomalies in synthetic and real-world datasets at the node, subgraph, and graph levels. To illustrate the accessibility of information made possible via this technique, the anomaly detector and an associated interactive visualization tool are tested on NCAA football data, where teams and conferences that moved within the league are identified with perfect recall, and precision greater than 0.786.« less

Koopman Operator Framework for Time Series Modeling and Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Surana, Amit

2018-01-01

We propose an interdisciplinary framework for time series classification, forecasting, and anomaly detection by combining concepts from Koopman operator theory, machine learning, and linear systems and control theory. At the core of this framework is nonlinear dynamic generative modeling of time series using the Koopman operator which is an infinite-dimensional but linear operator. Rather than working with the underlying nonlinear model, we propose two simpler linear representations or model forms based on Koopman spectral properties. We show that these model forms are invariants of the generative model and can be readily identified directly from data using techniques for computing Koopman spectral properties without requiring the explicit knowledge of the generative model. We also introduce different notions of distances on the space of such model forms which is essential for model comparison/clustering. We employ the space of Koopman model forms equipped with distance in conjunction with classical machine learning techniques to develop a framework for automatic feature generation for time series classification. The forecasting/anomaly detection framework is based on using Koopman model forms along with classical linear systems and control approaches. We demonstrate the proposed framework for human activity classification, and for time series forecasting/anomaly detection in power grid application.

A comprehensive scenario of the thermodynamic anomalies of water using the TIP4P/2005 model.

PubMed

González, Miguel A; Valeriani, Chantal; Caupin, Frédéric; Abascal, José L F

2016-08-07

The striking behavior of water has deserved it to be referred to as an "anomalous" liquid. The water anomalies are greatly amplified in metastable (supercooled and/or stretched) regions. This makes difficult a complete experimental description since, beyond certain limits, the metastable phase necessarily transforms into the stable one. Theoretical interpretation of the water anomalies could then be based on simulation results of well validated water models. But the analysis of the simulations has not yet reached a consensus. In particular, one of the most popular theoretical scenarios-involving the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point (LLCP)-is disputed by several authors. In this work, we propose to use a number of exact thermodynamic relations which may shed light on this issue. Interestingly, these relations may be tested in a region of the phase diagram which is outside the LLCP thus avoiding the problems associated to the coexistence region. The central property connected to other water anomalies is the locus of temperatures at which the density along isobars attain a maximum (TMD line) or a minimum (TmD). We have performed computer simulations to evaluate the TMD and TmD for a successful water model, namely, TIP4P/2005. We have also evaluated the vapor-liquid (VL) spinodal in the region of large negative pressures. The shape of these curves and their connection to the extrema of some response functions, in particular the isothermal compressibility and heat capacity at constant pressure, provides very useful information which may help to elucidate the validity of the theoretical proposals. In this way, we are able to present for the first time a comprehensive scenario of the thermodynamic water anomalies for TIP4P/2005 and their relation to the vapor-liquid spinodal. The overall picture shows a remarkable similarity with the corresponding one for the ST2 water model, for which the existence of a LLCP has been demonstrated in recent years. It also

76 FR 28914 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-19

... of the rudder system design. Rudder pedal sensitivity on Model A300-600 and A310 series airplanes is... B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and Model C4-605R Variant F Airplanes (Collectively Called A300-600 Series Airplanes); and Model A310 Series Airplanes AGENCY: Federal Aviation...

Br...Br and van der Waals interactions along a homologous series: crystal packing of 1,2-dibromo-4,5-dialkoxybenzenes.

PubMed

Suarez, Sebastián A; Muller, Federico; Gutiérrez Suburu, Matías E; Fonrouge, Ana; Baggio, Ricardo F; Cukiernik, Fabio D

2016-10-01

The crystalline structures of four homologues of the 1,2-dibromo-4,5-dialkoxybenzene series [Br 2 C 6 H 2 (OC n H 2n + 1 ) 2 for n = 2, 12, 14 and 18] have been solved by means of single-crystal crystallography. Comparison along the series, including the previously reported n = 10 and n = 16 derivatives, shows a clear metric trend (b and c essentially fixed along the series and a growing linearly with n), in spite of some subtle differences in space groups and/or packing modes. A uniform packing pattern for the aliphatic chains has been found for the n = 12 to 18 homologues, which slightly differs from that of the n = 10 derivative. The crystalline structures of all the higher homologues (n = 10-18) seem to arise from van der Waals interchain interactions and, to a lesser extent, type II Br...Br interactions. The dominant role of interchain interactions provides direct structural support for the usual interpretation of melting point trends like that found along this series. Atoms in Molecules (AIM) analysis allows a comparison of the relative magnitude of the interchain and Br...Br interactions, an analysis validated by the measured melting enthalpies.

Performance evaluation of linear time-series ionospheric Total Electron Content model over low latitude Indian GPS stations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dabbakuti, J. R. K. Kumar; Venkata Ratnam, D.

2017-10-01

Precise modeling of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) is a critical aspect of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services intended for the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) applications as well as Earth Observation System (EOS), satellite communication, and space weather forecasting applications. In this paper, linear time series modeling has been carried out on ionospheric TEC at two different locations at Koneru Lakshmaiah University (KLU), Guntur (geographic 16.44° N, 80.62° E; geomagnetic 7.55° N) and Bangalore (geographic 12.97° N, 77.59° E; geomagnetic 4.53° N) at the northern low-latitude region, for the year 2013 in the 24th solar cycle. The impact of the solar and geomagnetic activity on periodic oscillations of TEC has been investigated. Results confirm that the correlation coefficient of the estimated TEC from the linear model TEC and the observed GPS-TEC is around 93%. Solar activity is the key component that influences ionospheric daily averaged TEC while periodic component reveals the seasonal dependency of TEC. Furthermore, it is observed that the influence of geomagnetic activity component on TEC is different at both the latitudes. The accuracy of the model has been assessed by comparing the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) 2012 model TEC and TEC measurements. Moreover, the absence of winter anomaly is remarkable, as determined by the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between the linear model TEC and GPS-TEC. On the contrary, the IRI2012 model TEC evidently failed to predict the absence of winter anomaly in the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) crest region. The outcome of this work will be useful for improving the ionospheric now-casting models under various geophysical conditions.

Possibility of adjusting the photoluminescence spectrum of Ca scheelites to the emission spectrum of incandescent lamps: [ nCaWO4-(1- n)CaMoO4]: Eu3+ solid solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bakovets, V. V.; Zolotova, E. S.; Antonova, O. V.; Korol'kov, I. V.; Yushina, I. V.

2016-12-01

The specific features of the photoluminescence of [ nCaWO4-(1- n)CaMoO4]:Eu3+ solid solutions with the scheelite structure are examined using X-ray phase analysis and photoluminescence, Raman scattering, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The studied features are associated with a change in the long- and short-range orders of the crystal lattice upon variations in the composition of solutions in the range n = 0-1.0 (with a pitch of 0.2) at a concentration of red photoluminescence activator Eu3+ of 2 mol %. The mechanism of the modification of photoluminescence of solid solutions upon variations in their composition has been discussed. Anomalies in the variations in parameters of the crystal lattice, its short-range order, and luminescence spectra have been observed in the transition from pure compounds CaMoO4:Eu3+ and CaWO4:Eu3+ to solutions; the concentration of Eu3+ ions in the centrosymmetric localization increases (decreases) in the transition from the molybdate (tungstate). It has been demonstrated that the spectral radiant emittance of solid solution [0.4CaWO4-0.6CaMoO4]:Eu3+ (2 mol %) is the closest to that of an incandescent lamp.

Anomaly-free models for flavour anomalies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ellis, John; Fairbairn, Malcolm; Tunney, Patrick

2018-03-01

We explore the constraints imposed by the cancellation of triangle anomalies on models in which the flavour anomalies reported by LHCb and other experiments are due to an extra U(1)^' gauge boson Z^' . We assume universal and rational U(1)^' charges for the first two generations of left-handed quarks and of right-handed up-type quarks but allow different charges for their third-generation counterparts. If the right-handed charges vanish, cancellation of the triangle anomalies requires all the quark U(1)^' charges to vanish, if there are either no exotic fermions or there is only one Standard Model singlet dark matter (DM) fermion. There are non-trivial anomaly-free models with more than one such `dark' fermion, or with a single DM fermion if right-handed up-type quarks have non-zero U(1)^' charges. In some of the latter models the U(1)^' couplings of the first- and second-generation quarks all vanish, weakening the LHC Z^' constraint, and in some other models the DM particle has purely axial couplings, weakening the direct DM scattering constraint. We also consider models in which anomalies are cancelled via extra vector-like leptons, showing how the prospective LHC Z^' constraint may be weakened because the Z^' → μ ^+ μ ^- branching ratio is suppressed relative to other decay modes.

The Molybdenum(V) and Tungsten(VI) Oxoazides [MoO(N3 )3 ], [MoO(N3 )3 ⋅2 CH3 CN], [(bipy)MoO(N3 )3 ], [MoO(N3 )5 ](2-) , [WO(N3 )4 ], and [WO(N3 )4 ⋅CH3 CN].

PubMed

Haiges, Ralf; Skotnitzki, Juri; Fang, Zongtang; Dixon, David A; Christe, Karl O

2015-12-14

A series of novel molybdenum(V) and tungsten(VI) oxoazides was prepared starting from [MOF4 ] (M=Mo, W) and Me3 SiN3 . While [WO(N3 )4 ] was formed through fluoride-azide exchange in the reaction of Me3 SiN3 with WOF4 in SO2 solution, the reaction with MoOF4 resulted in a reduction of Mo(VI) to Mo(V) and formation of [MoO(N3 )3 ]. Carried out in acetonitrile solution, these reactions resulted in the isolation of the corresponding adducts [MoO(N3 )3 ⋅2 CH3 CN] and [WO(N3 )4 ⋅CH3 CN]. Subsequent reactions of [MoO(N3 )3 ] with 2,2'-bipyridine and [PPh4 ][N3 ] resulted in the formation and isolation of [(bipy)MoO(N3 )3 ] and [PPh4 ]2 [MoO(N3 )5 ], respectively. Most molybdenum(V) and tungsten(VI) oxoazides were fully characterized by their vibrational spectra, impact, friction and thermal sensitivity data and, in the case of [WO(N3 )4 ⋅CH3 CN], [(bipy)MoO(N3 )3 ], and [PPh4 ]2 [MoO(N3 )5 ], by their X-ray crystal structures. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Hot spots of multivariate extreme anomalies in Earth observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flach, M.; Sippel, S.; Bodesheim, P.; Brenning, A.; Denzler, J.; Gans, F.; Guanche, Y.; Reichstein, M.; Rodner, E.; Mahecha, M. D.

2016-12-01

Anomalies in Earth observations might indicate data quality issues, extremes or the change of underlying processes within a highly multivariate system. Thus, considering the multivariate constellation of variables for extreme detection yields crucial additional information over conventional univariate approaches. We highlight areas in which multivariate extreme anomalies are more likely to occur, i.e. hot spots of extremes in global atmospheric Earth observations that impact the Biosphere. In addition, we present the year of the most unusual multivariate extreme between 2001 and 2013 and show that these coincide with well known high impact extremes. Technically speaking, we account for multivariate extremes by using three sophisticated algorithms adapted from computer science applications. Namely an ensemble of the k-nearest neighbours mean distance, a kernel density estimation and an approach based on recurrences is used. However, the impact of atmosphere extremes on the Biosphere might largely depend on what is considered to be normal, i.e. the shape of the mean seasonal cycle and its inter-annual variability. We identify regions with similar mean seasonality by means of dimensionality reduction in order to estimate in each region both the `normal' variance and robust thresholds for detecting the extremes. In addition, we account for challenges like heteroscedasticity in Northern latitudes. Apart from hot spot areas, those anomalies in the atmosphere time series are of particular interest, which can only be detected by a multivariate approach but not by a simple univariate approach. Such an anomalous constellation of atmosphere variables is of interest if it impacts the Biosphere. The multivariate constellation of such an anomalous part of a time series is shown in one case study indicating that multivariate anomaly detection can provide novel insights into Earth observations.

Branchial anomalies in children: A report of 105 surgical cases.

PubMed

Li, Wanpeng; Xu, Hongming; Zhao, Liming; Li, Xiaoyan

2018-01-01

Branchial anomalies (BAs) account for 20% of all congenital masses in children. We sought to review the incidence of involvement of individual anomalies, diagnostic methods, surgical treatment, and complications of BAs in children. In addition, we also classified our study and analyzed a congenital lower neck cutaneous fistula near the sternoclavicular joint that was thought to be the skin-side remnant of the fourth BAs. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 105 children who were referred to our hospital from June 2009 to December 2016 for the treatment of BAs. In this series, there were 51 males and 54 females. The age at the time of operation varied from 19 days to 13 years, and the mean age was 4.5 years. A total of 33 (31.4%) cases presented with first BAs, 13 (12.4%) presented with second BAs, and 59 (56.2%) presented with third and fourth BAs, including 6 cases of congenital lower neck cutaneous fistula. Fistulectomy under general anesthesia was performed on all of them. For postoperative complications, 2 cases had temporary facial paralysis, 1 case had permanent facial paralysis, 4 cases had temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Recurrence occurred in 2 patients with first BAs after medium follow-up time of 3.6 years (6 months-8 years). BAs are common congenital head and neck lesions in children, and there are four distinct types (first, second, third and fourth anomalies). The incidence of third and fourth BAs in Asia maybe higher when compared with literature reports, second BAs seem rare in this population, but more research is needed to confirm this perspective. Diagnosis is not difficult with a proper knowledge of the anatomy of the BAs. The surgical procedures should be tailored depending on the various types, and complete excision of the fistula is the key to prevent recurrence. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Warm Anomaly Effects on California Current Phytoplankton

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gomez Ocampo, E.; Gaxiola-Castro, G.; Beier, E.; Durazo, R.

2016-02-01

Positive temperature anomalies were reported in the NE Pacific Ocean since the boreal winter of 2013-2014. Previous studies showed that these anomalies were caused by lower than normal rates of heat loss from the ocean to the atmosphere and by relatively weak cold water advection to the upper ocean. Anomalous Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Absolute Dynamic Topography (ADT), and Chlorophyll (CHL) obtained from monthly remote sensing data were registered in the California Current region during August 2014. Anomalies appeared around the coastal and oceanic zones, particularly in the onshore zone between Monterey Bay, California and Magdalena Bay, Baja California. High positive SST anomalous values up to 4ºC above the long-term mean, 20 cm in ADT, and less of 4.5 mg m-3 of CHL were registered. Changes of 20 cm in ADT above the average are equivalent to 50 m thermocline deepening considering typical values of stratification for the area, which in turn influenced the availability of nutrients and light for phytoplankton growth in the euphotic zone. To examine the influence of the warm anomaly on phytoplankton production, we fitted with Generalized Additive Models the relationship between monthly primary production satellite data and ADT. Primary production inferred from the model, showed during August 2014 high negative anomalies (up to 0.5 gC m-2 d1) in the coastal zone. The first empirical orthogonal function of ADT and PP revealed that the highest ADT anomalies and the lowest primary production occurred off the Baja California Peninsula, between Punta Eugenia and Cabo San Lucas. Preliminary conclusions showed that warm anomaly affected negatively to phytoplankton organisms during August 2014, being this evident by low biomass and negative primary production anomalies as result of pycnocline deepens.

A series of octanuclear-nickel(II) complexes supported by thiacalix[4]arenes.

PubMed

Xiong, Kecai; Jiang, Feilong; Gai, Yanli; Zhou, Youfu; Yuan, Daqiang; Su, Kongzhao; Wang, Xinyi; Hong, Maochun

2012-03-05

A series of discrete complexes, [Ni(8)(BTC4A)(2)(μ(6)-CO(3))(2)(μ-CH(3)COO)(4)(dma)(4)]·H(2)O (1), [Ni(8)(BTC4A)(2)(μ(6)-CO(3))(2)(μ-Cl)(2)(μ-HCOO)(2)(dma)(4)]·2DMF·2CH(3)CN (2), [Ni(8)(PTC4A)(2) (μ(6)-CO(3))(2)(μ-CH(3)COO)(4)(dma)(4)]·DMF (3), and [Ni(8)(PTC4A)(2)(μ(6)-CO(3))(2)(μ-OH)(μ-HCOO)(3) (dma)(4)] (4) (p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene = H(4)BTC4A, p-phenylthiacalix[4]arene = H(4)PTC4A, dma = dimethylamine, and DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide), have been prepared under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, powder XRD, and IR spectroscopy. These four complexes are stacked by dumbbell-like building blocks with one chairlike octanuclear-nickel(II) core, which is capped by two thiacalix[4]arene molecules and connected by two in situ generated carbonato anions and different auxiliary anions. This work implied that not only the solvent molecules but also the upper-rim groups of thiacalix[4]arenes have significant effects on the self-assembly of the dumbbell-like building blocks. The magnetic properties of complexes 1-4 were examined, indicating strong antiferromagnetic interactions between the nickel(II) ions in the temperature range of 50-300 K.

Detecting Anomalies in Process Control Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rrushi, Julian; Kang, Kyoung-Don

This paper presents the estimation-inspection algorithm, a statistical algorithm for anomaly detection in process control networks. The algorithm determines if the payload of a network packet that is about to be processed by a control system is normal or abnormal based on the effect that the packet will have on a variable stored in control system memory. The estimation part of the algorithm uses logistic regression integrated with maximum likelihood estimation in an inductive machine learning process to estimate a series of statistical parameters; these parameters are used in conjunction with logistic regression formulas to form a probability mass function for each variable stored in control system memory. The inspection part of the algorithm uses the probability mass functions to estimate the normalcy probability of a specific value that a network packet writes to a variable. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm is very effective at detecting anomalies in process control networks.

Distribution of branchial anomalies in a paediatric Asian population.

PubMed

Teo, Neville Wei Yang; Ibrahim, Shahrul Izham; Tan, Kun Kiaang Henry

2015-04-01

The objective of the present study was to review the distribution and incidence of branchial anomalies in an Asian paediatric population and highlight the challenges involved in the diagnosis of branchial anomalies. This was a retrospective chart review of all paediatric patients who underwent surgery for branchial anomalies in a tertiary paediatric hospital from August 2007 to November 2012. The clinical notes were correlated with preoperative radiological investigations, intraoperative findings and histology results. Branchial anomalies were classified based on the results of the review. A total of 28 children underwent surgery for 30 branchial anomalies during the review period. Two children had bilateral branchial anomalies requiring excision. Of the 30 branchial anomalies, 7 (23.3%) were first branchial anomalies, 5 (16.7%) were second branchial anomalies, 3 (10.0%) were third branchial anomalies, and 4 (13.3%) were fourth branchial anomalies (one of the four patients with fourth branchial anomalies had bilateral branchial anomalies). In addition, seven children had 8 (26.7%) branchial anomalies that were thought to originate from the pyriform sinus; however, we were unable to determine if these anomalies were from the third or fourth branchial arches. There was inadequate information on the remaining 3 (10.0%) branchial anomalies for classification. The incidence of second branchial anomalies appears to be lower in our Asian paediatric population, while that of third and fourth branchial anomalies was higher. Knowledge of embryology and the related anatomy of the branchial apparatus is crucial in the identification of the type of branchial anomaly.

Distribution of branchial anomalies in a paediatric Asian population

PubMed Central

Teo, Neville Wei Yang; Ibrahim, Shahrul Izham; Tan, Kun Kiaang Henry

2015-01-01

INTRODUCTION The objective of the present study was to review the distribution and incidence of branchial anomalies in an Asian paediatric population and highlight the challenges involved in the diagnosis of branchial anomalies. METHODS This was a retrospective chart review of all paediatric patients who underwent surgery for branchial anomalies in a tertiary paediatric hospital from August 2007 to November 2012. The clinical notes were correlated with preoperative radiological investigations, intraoperative findings and histology results. Branchial anomalies were classified based on the results of the review. RESULTS A total of 28 children underwent surgery for 30 branchial anomalies during the review period. Two children had bilateral branchial anomalies requiring excision. Of the 30 branchial anomalies, 7 (23.3%) were first branchial anomalies, 5 (16.7%) were second branchial anomalies, 3 (10.0%) were third branchial anomalies, and 4 (13.3%) were fourth branchial anomalies (one of the four patients with fourth branchial anomalies had bilateral branchial anomalies). In addition, seven children had 8 (26.7%) branchial anomalies that were thought to originate from the pyriform sinus; however, we were unable to determine if these anomalies were from the third or fourth branchial arches. There was inadequate information on the remaining 3 (10.0%) branchial anomalies for classification. CONCLUSION The incidence of second branchial anomalies appears to be lower in our Asian paediatric population, while that of third and fourth branchial anomalies was higher. Knowledge of embryology and the related anatomy of the branchial apparatus is crucial in the identification of the type of branchial anomaly. PMID:25917471

UAS in the NAS Flight Test Series 4 Overview

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Murphy, Jim

2016-01-01

Flight Test Series 4 (FT4) provides the researchers with an opportunity to expand on the data collected during the first flight tests. Following Flight Test Series 3, additional scripted encounters with different aircraft performance and sensors will be conducted. FT4 is presently planned for Spring of 2016 to ensure collection of data to support the validation of the final RTCA Phase 1 DAA (Detect and Avoid) Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS). There are three research objectives associated with this goal: Evaluate the performance of the DAA system against cooperative and non-cooperative aircraft encounters Evaluate UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) pilot performance in response to DAA maneuver guidance and alerting with live intruder encounters Evaluate TCAS/DAA (Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System/Detect and Avoid) interoperability. This flight test series will focus on only the Scripted Encounters configuration, supporting the collection of data to validate the interoperability of DAA and collision avoidance algorithms.

Decomposing Worldwide Complete Spherical Bouguer Gravity Anomaly Using 2-D Empirical Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Firdaus, Ruhul; Mey Ekawati, Gestin

2017-04-01

Currently available worldwide gravity anomaly data provides a high-resolution (2’×2’) of Complete Spherical Bouguer Anomaly (CSBA) based on the available information of the Earth gravity field from surface and satellite measurements. The data has not only been provided and processed thoroughly but it also has been claimed to be appropriate for various geophysical applications. Therefore, the analysis of gravity anomaly is becoming increasingly significant for the earth sciences as a whole and assisting both shallow and deep geological problems. Earth gravity anomaly has to be analyzed carefully as it has very complex data due to anomaly mixing of the density masses spread over the Earth horizontally and vertically. The bigger the spatial coverage of data (e.g. global scale data), the more severe the data from anomaly mixing due to various wavelength. BEMD is an empirical method supposedly suitable with highly oscillation-mixing data. It can effectively isolate each local anomaly in details and is analogized as successively reverse moving average with local windowing. BEMD is designed to reduce multi-component, non-linear gravity field data to a series of single local anomaly contributions. Anomaly from a single body was assumed as a mono-component signal. The main advantage of BEMD processing techniques is to present the subtle details in the data which are not clearly identified in anomaly maps, without specifying any prior information about the nature of the source bodies. As the result, we have identified regional anomalies due to the drift of continental and oceanic masses considered as crust-regional anomaly (CRA). We remove the CRA from the CBA to provide surface-residual anomaly (SRA) where shallow geologic bodies reveal. Meanwhile, the CRA itself can be used as reference to reduce this high magnitude anomaly from any measurement data to exhibit only shallow body anomaly. Further analysis can be carried out to build a general understanding of the

Trends in Syntheses, Structures, and Properties for Three Series of Ammine Rare-Earth Metal Borohydrides, M(BH4)3·nNH3 (M = Y, Gd, and Dy).

PubMed

Jepsen, Lars H; Ley, Morten B; Černý, Radovan; Lee, Young-Su; Cho, Young Whan; Ravnsbæk, Dorthe; Besenbacher, Flemming; Skibsted, Jørgen; Jensen, Torben R

2015-08-03

Fourteen solvent- and halide-free ammine rare-earth metal borohydrides M(BH4)3·nNH3, M = Y, Gd, Dy, n = 7, 6, 5, 4, 2, and 1, have been synthesized by a new approach, and their structures as well as chemical and physical properties are characterized. Extensive series of coordination complexes with systematic variation in the number of ligands are presented, as prepared by combined mechanochemistry, solvent-based methods, solid-gas reactions, and thermal treatment. This new synthesis approach may have a significant impact within inorganic coordination chemistry. Halide-free metal borohydrides have been synthesized by solvent-based metathesis reactions of LiBH4 and MCl3 (3:1), followed by reactions of M(BH4)3 with an excess of NH3 gas, yielding M(BH4)3·7NH3 (M = Y, Gd, and Dy). Crystal structure models for M(BH4)3·nNH3 are derived from a combination of powder X-ray diffraction (PXD), (11)B magic-angle spinning NMR, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The structures vary from two-dimensional layers (n = 1), one-dimensional chains (n = 2), molecular compounds (n = 4 and 5), to contain complex ions (n = 6 and 7). NH3 coordinates to the metal in all compounds, while BH4(-) has a flexible coordination, i.e., either as a terminal or bridging ligand or as a counterion. M(BH4)3·7NH3 releases ammonia stepwise by thermal treatment producing M(BH4)3·nNH3 (6, 5, and 4), whereas hydrogen is released for n ≤ 4. Detailed analysis of the dihydrogen bonds reveals new insight about the hydrogen elimination mechanism, which contradicts current hypotheses. Overall, the present work provides new general knowledge toward rational materials design and preparation along with limitations of PXD and DFT for analysis of structures with a significant degree of dynamics in the structures.

Prevalence of oro-dental anomalies among schoolchildren in Sana'a city, Yemen.

PubMed

Basalamah, M; Baroudi, K

2016-04-19

Practitioners and policy-makers need information about the relative frequency of dental anomalies among children in their region. This study investigated the prevalence of different oral anomalies among schoolchildren in Sana'a city, Yemen. A sample of 1000 private and public schoolchildren aged 4-12 years were examined by the same examiner using disposable tongue blades. The total prevalence of oral anomalies was 15.1%, most commonly in boys (male:female ratio 3.2:1) aged 7-12 years. The most prevalent dental anomaly related to hard tissues was tooth hypoplasia (2.8%), followed by hypocalcification (2.6%), then microdontia (0.5%), macrodontia (0.4%), hypodontia (0.4%), supernumerary teeth (0.3%), tooth transposition (0.3%), dental fusion (0.2%) and gemination (0.2%). The most prevalent soft tissues anomaly was fissured tongue (4.0%), followed by ankyloglossia (1.8%), geographic tongue (0.9%), macroglossia (0.4%) and hairy tongue (0.3%). Appropriate measures need to be taken early to mitigate the negative impact and later costs of treatment of anomalies.

Syntheses, crystal structures and properties of series of 4d-4f ln(III)-Ag(I) heterometallic coordination polymers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ran, Xing-Rui; Wang, Ning; Xie, Wei-Ping; Xiong, Yan-Ju; Cheng, Qian; Long, Yi; Yue, Shan-Tang; Liu, Ying-Liang

2015-05-01

By control of the experimental parameters such as ligands, pH value and reacting temperature, series of three-dimensional (3D) 4d-4f Ln(III)-Ag(I) porous coordination polymers (PCPs) with interesting chain-layer construction, namely, {[LnIIIAgI(na)(ina)(ox)]·2(H2O)}n [Ln=Sm(1), Eu(2), Gd(3), Tb(4), Dy(5), Ho(6), Y(7), Yb(8)], have been successfully synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and structurally characterized. All the complexes are characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Furthermore, the luminescence properties of compounds 2 and 4 and the magsnetic properties of complexes 3 and 5 were also investigated in detail.

[Prevalence of selected congenital anomalies in the Czech Republic: congenital anomalies of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract].

PubMed

Šípek, A; Gregor, V; Horáček, J; Šípek, A; Klaschka, J; Malý, M

2015-03-01

Analysis of the prevalence of selected congenital anomalies in the Czech Republic in 1994-2009. Retrospective epidemiological analysis of the postnatal and overall (including prenatally diagnosed cases) prevalence of congenital anomalies from the database of the National Registry of Congenital Anomalies of the Czech Republic. Data from the National Registry of Congenital Anomalies (NRCA) maintained by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic (IHIS CR) were used. The analysis was carried out for the entire Czech Republic, based on the data from 1994 to 2009. Additional data on prenatally diagnosed anomalies were obtained from medical genetics centres and laboratories in the Czech Republic. This study analyzed the postnatal and overall (including prenatally diagnosed cases) prevalence of congenital anomalies. More detailed analysis was carried out for the following diagnoses: anencephaly, spina bifida, encephalocoele, congenital hydrocephalus, omphalocoele, gastroschisis, oesophageal atresia and stenosis, anorectal anomalies, and diaphragmatic hernia. Prevalence trends were analysed using Poisson regression. In 2009, a total of 118 348 live births were recorded in the Czech Republic, 60 368 boys and 57 980 girls. Of this total, 4 653, i.e. 2 745 boys and 1 908 girls, were diagnosed with congenital anomalies. In 2007-2009, the total of life births with congenital anomalies ranged between 4.6 and 4.8 thousand per year. The respective ranges in this three-year period were in the order of 2.7 and 2.8 thousand per year for boys and 1.9 thousand per year for girls. The prevalence of postnatally diagnosed anencephaly was minimal, as most cases were diagnosed prenatally, and the data did not vary significantly. The prevalence of postnatally diagnosed cases remained at the same level. The effectiveness of the prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida increased and thus the prevalence of postnatally diagnosed cases decreased. The prevalence of

Fixed node diffusion Monte Carlo using a genetic algorithm: a study of the CO-(4)He(N) complex, N = 1…10.

PubMed

Ramilowski, Jordan A; Farrelly, David

2012-06-14

The diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method is a widely used algorithm for computing both ground and excited states of many-particle systems; for states without nodes the algorithm is numerically exact. In the presence of nodes approximations must be introduced, for example, the fixed-node approximation. Recently we have developed a genetic algorithm (GA) based approach which allows the computation of nodal surfaces on-the-fly [Ramilowski and Farrelly, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 12450]. Here GA-DMC is applied to the computation of rovibrational states of CO-(4)He(N) complexes with N≤ 10. These complexes have been the subject of recent high resolution microwave and millimeter-wave studies which traced the onset of microscopic superfluidity in a doped (4)He droplet, one atom at a time, up to N = 10 [Surin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 2008, 101, 233401; Raston et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 8260]. The frequencies of the a-type (microwave) series, which correlate with end-over-end rotation in the CO-(4)He dimer, decrease from N = 1 to 3 and then smoothly increase. This signifies the transition from a molecular complex to a quantum solvated system. The frequencies of the b-type (millimeter-wave) series, which evolves from free rotation of the rigid CO molecule, initially increase from N = 0 to N∼ 6 before starting to decrease with increasing N. An interesting feature of the b-type series, originally observed in the high resolution infra-red (IR) experiments of Tang and McKellar [J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 119, 754] is that, for N = 7, two lines are observed. The GA-DMC algorithm is found to be in good agreement with experimental results and possibly detects the small (∼0.7 cm(-1)) splitting in the b-series line at N = 7. Advantages and disadvantages of GA-DMC are discussed.

Diagnosis and clinical characteristics of congenital anosmia: case series report.

PubMed

Qu, Qiuyi; Liu, Jianfeng; Ni, Daofeng; Zhang, Qiuhang; Yang, Dazhang; Wang, Naya; Wu, Xueyan; Han, Honglei

2010-12-01

congenital anosmia is extremely rare and tends to present late. We report on a series of patients with congenital anosmia to analyze its clinical characteristics and present illustrative cases. retrospective chart review. tertiary care centre. thirty-five patients with congenital anosmia were reviewed. A thorough medical history taking, physical examination, and nasal endoscopy were performed in all patients. T&T olfactory testing (n = 33), olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) (n = 33), and sinonasal computed tomography (CT) (n = 35) were carried out. Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the olfactory pathway (n = 34) were available. Serum sex hormones were tested (n = 33). physical examination, olfactory testing, MRI of the olfactory pathway, and serum sex hormones. twenty cases were isolated congenital anosmia (ICA). Fifteen cases were congenital anosmia with other anomalies, including 12 cases with Kallmann syndrome (KS), two with CHARGE syndrome, and one with hypoplasia of the nasal cavity and nasal sinus. T&T olfactory testing indicated anosmia (n = 33). No OERP was obtained (n = 33). CT scans indicated three abnormal patients, including two with unilateral choanal atresia and one with hypoplasia of the nasal cavity and sinus. MRI demonstrated aplasia or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs, tracts, and olfactory sulci (n = 34). Serum sex hormones were low in 12 patients with KS. early diagnosis of congenital anosmia on the basis of olfactory symptoms is difficult. MRI of the olfactory pathway plays an important role in anatomic location. ICA is the most common congenital anosmia. KS is the primary presentation of congenital anosmia with other anomalies.

A comprehensive scenario of the thermodynamic anomalies of water using the TIP4P/2005 model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

González, Miguel A.; Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ; Valeriani, Chantal

2016-08-07

The striking behavior of water has deserved it to be referred to as an “anomalous” liquid. The water anomalies are greatly amplified in metastable (supercooled and/or stretched) regions. This makes difficult a complete experimental description since, beyond certain limits, the metastable phase necessarily transforms into the stable one. Theoretical interpretation of the water anomalies could then be based on simulation results of well validated water models. But the analysis of the simulations has not yet reached a consensus. In particular, one of the most popular theoretical scenarios—involving the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point (LLCP)—is disputed by several authors. Inmore » this work, we propose to use a number of exact thermodynamic relations which may shed light on this issue. Interestingly, these relations may be tested in a region of the phase diagram which is outside the LLCP thus avoiding the problems associated to the coexistence region. The central property connected to other water anomalies is the locus of temperatures at which the density along isobars attain a maximum (TMD line) or a minimum (TmD). We have performed computer simulations to evaluate the TMD and TmD for a successful water model, namely, TIP4P/2005. We have also evaluated the vapor-liquid (VL) spinodal in the region of large negative pressures. The shape of these curves and their connection to the extrema of some response functions, in particular the isothermal compressibility and heat capacity at constant pressure, provides very useful information which may help to elucidate the validity of the theoretical proposals. In this way, we are able to present for the first time a comprehensive scenario of the thermodynamic water anomalies for TIP4P/2005 and their relation to the vapor-liquid spinodal. The overall picture shows a remarkable similarity with the corresponding one for the ST2 water model, for which the existence of a LLCP has been demonstrated in recent

Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among School Going Children in India.

PubMed

Kathariya, Mitesh D; Nikam, Atul Pralhad; Chopra, Kirti; Patil, Namrata N; Raheja, Hitesh; Kathariya, Renuka

2013-10-01

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies according to gender among children. This cross-sectional study was conducted a group of 600 children, of them 293 (48.8%) were males and 275 (45.8%) females which were taken with proper sampling technique. Type III clinical examination was done to know the prevalence of dental anomalies. The Statistical software namely SPSS version 16.0 was used for data analysis. Chi-square test was used at p value of 0.05 or less. Impactions (39.2%) were the most common anomaly in this study and most of the impacted teeth were related to maxilla. A significant difference was seen in case of hypodontia, microdontia and talons cusp according to gender in which first two anomalies were more among females and last one among males. Children with one dental anomaly were 25.8%, and 13.4% were having more than one. The percentage of dental anomalies were high specially impaction and rotated teeth. So these anomalies should be treated earlier to avoid further complications. How to cite this article: Kathariya MD, Nikam AP, Chopra K, Patil NN, Raheja H, Kathariya R. Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among School Going Children in India. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(5):10-4.

Kursk Magnetic Anomaly at Satellite Altitude: Revisited with the Orsted Satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taylor, Patrick T.; VonFrese, Ralph R. B.; Kim, Hyung Rae

2000-01-01

The Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) of Russia (51 deg north, 37 deg east) has long been recognized as one of the largest magnetic anomalies on Earth. It is associated with the massive iron-ore formations of this region, however, model studies have revealed that the relationship between the two is not obvious. In an early effort to demonstrate the validity of Magsat data for crustal research a detailed study of the KMA, at an average altitude of 350 km and the surrounding region was made. They recorded a 27 nT high and a -9 nT low giving a 37 nT peak-to-trough anomaly over the immediate area of the KMA. Despite the much higher altitude of Orsted (620 to 850 km) we revisited the KMA to determine if this mission would also be able to record an associated anomalous crustal signature. The Orsted profiles we selected were from April to August 1999. From these data we chose those with an altitude range of 644 to 700 km and they were subsequently gridded, by least-squares collocation, to a mean elevation of 660 km. Both ascending and descending data were examined and signals common to both were extracted and averaged. A correlation coefficient between these two orbit orientations of 0.82 was computed. The quadrant-swapping method of Kim et al. was applied. Removal of the main geomagnetic field was accomplished with a polynomial fitting procedure. A positive anomaly of >2.5 nT with ari associated negative of <-0.5 nT for a >3 nT peak-to-trough range were computed. These Magsat and Orsted results are consistent with the decay of a dipole field over the studied altitude range. Significant differences between these two anomaly fields are due to the greater number of orbit profiles and therefore greater number of intersecting orbits (ascending and descending) available in the Orsted compilation. Of the four largest amplitude anomalies in the Orsted field three are present in the Magsat map. The fourth (>2.5 nT), however, is associated with the Belorussian-Lithuanian anteclise

Do retractile testes have anatomical anomalies?

PubMed Central

Anderson, Kleber M.; Costa, Suelen F.; Sampaio, Francisco J.B.; Favorito, Luciano A.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Objectives: To assess the incidence of anatomical anomalies in patients with retractile testis. Materials and Methods: We studied prospectively 20 patients (28 testes) with truly retractile testis and compared them with 25 human fetuses (50 testes) with testis in scrotal position. We analyzed the relations among the testis, epididymis and patency of the processus vaginalis (PV). To analyze the relations between the testis and epididymis, we used a previous classification according to epididymis attachment to the testis and the presence of epididymis atresia. To analyze the structure of the PV, we considered two situations: obliteration of the PV and patency of the PV. We used the Chi-square test for contingency analysis of the populations under study (p <0.05). Results: The fetuses ranged in age from 26 to 35 weeks post-conception (WPC) and the 20 patients with retractile testis ranged in ages from 1 to 12 years (average of 5.8). Of the 50 fetal testes, we observed complete patency of the PV in 2 cases (4%) and epididymal anomalies (EAs) in 1 testis (2%). Of the 28 retractile testes, we observed patency of the PV in 6 cases (21.4%) and EA in 4 (14.28%). When we compared the incidence of EAs and PV patency we observed a significantly higher prevalence of these anomalies in retractile testes (p=0.0116). Conclusions: Retractile testis is not a normal variant with a significant risk of patent processus vaginalis and epididymal anomalies. PMID:27564294

Thermal Infrared Anomalies of Several Strong Earthquakes

PubMed Central

Wei, Congxin; Guo, Xiao; Qin, Manzhong

2013-01-01

In the history of earthquake thermal infrared research, it is undeniable that before and after strong earthquakes there are significant thermal infrared anomalies which have been interpreted as preseismic precursor in earthquake prediction and forecasting. In this paper, we studied the characteristics of thermal radiation observed before and after the 8 great earthquakes with magnitude up to Ms7.0 by using the satellite infrared remote sensing information. We used new types of data and method to extract the useful anomaly information. Based on the analyses of 8 earthquakes, we got the results as follows. (1) There are significant thermal radiation anomalies before and after earthquakes for all cases. The overall performance of anomalies includes two main stages: expanding first and narrowing later. We easily extracted and identified such seismic anomalies by method of “time-frequency relative power spectrum.” (2) There exist evident and different characteristic periods and magnitudes of thermal abnormal radiation for each case. (3) Thermal radiation anomalies are closely related to the geological structure. (4) Thermal radiation has obvious characteristics in abnormal duration, range, and morphology. In summary, we should be sure that earthquake thermal infrared anomalies as useful earthquake precursor can be used in earthquake prediction and forecasting. PMID:24222728

Thermal infrared anomalies of several strong earthquakes.

PubMed

Wei, Congxin; Zhang, Yuansheng; Guo, Xiao; Hui, Shaoxing; Qin, Manzhong; Zhang, Ying

2013-01-01

In the history of earthquake thermal infrared research, it is undeniable that before and after strong earthquakes there are significant thermal infrared anomalies which have been interpreted as preseismic precursor in earthquake prediction and forecasting. In this paper, we studied the characteristics of thermal radiation observed before and after the 8 great earthquakes with magnitude up to Ms7.0 by using the satellite infrared remote sensing information. We used new types of data and method to extract the useful anomaly information. Based on the analyses of 8 earthquakes, we got the results as follows. (1) There are significant thermal radiation anomalies before and after earthquakes for all cases. The overall performance of anomalies includes two main stages: expanding first and narrowing later. We easily extracted and identified such seismic anomalies by method of "time-frequency relative power spectrum." (2) There exist evident and different characteristic periods and magnitudes of thermal abnormal radiation for each case. (3) Thermal radiation anomalies are closely related to the geological structure. (4) Thermal radiation has obvious characteristics in abnormal duration, range, and morphology. In summary, we should be sure that earthquake thermal infrared anomalies as useful earthquake precursor can be used in earthquake prediction and forecasting.

How autumn Eurasian snow anomalies affect east asian winter monsoon: a numerical study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, Xiao; Wang, Bin

2018-03-01

Previous studies have found that snow Eurasian anomalies in autumn can affect East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), but the mechanisms remain controversial and not well understood. The possible mechanisms by which Eurasian autumn snow anomalies affect EAWM are investigated by numerical experiments with a coupled general circulation model and its atmospheric general circulation model component. The leading empirical orthogonal function mode of the October-November mean Eurasian snow cover is characterized by a uniform anomaly over a broad region of central Eurasia (40°N-65°N, 60°E-140°E). However, the results from a 150-ensemble mean simulation with snow depth anomaly specified in October and November reveal that the Mongolian Plateau and Vicinity (MPV, 40°-55°N, 80°-120°E) is the key region for autumn snow anomalies to affect EAWM. The excessive snow forcing can significantly enhance EAWM and the snowfall over the northwestern China and along the EAWM front zone stretching from the southeast China to Japan. The physical process involves a snow-monsoon feedback mechanism. The excessive autumn snow anomalies over the MPV region can persist into the following winter, and significantly enhance winter snow anomalies, which increase surface albedo, reduce incoming solar radiation and cool the boundary layer air, leading to an enhanced Mongolian High and a deepened East Asian trough. The latter, in turn, strengthen surface northwesterly winds, cooling East Asia and increasing snow accumulation over the MPV region and the southeastern China. The increased snow covers feedback to EAWM system through changing albedo, extending its influence southeastward. It is also found that the atmosphere-ocean coupling process can amplify the delayed influence of Eurasian snow mass anomaly on EAWM. The autumn surface albedo anomalies, however, do not have a lasting "memory" effect. Only if the albedo anomalies are artificially extended into December and January, will the EAWM be

Structural Anomaly Detection Using Fiber Optic Sensors and Inverse Finite Element Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Quach, Cuong C.; Vazquez, Sixto L.; Tessler, Alex; Moore, Jason P.; Cooper, Eric G.; Spangler, Jan. L.

2005-01-01

NASA Langley Research Center is investigating a variety of techniques for mitigating aircraft accidents due to structural component failure. One technique under consideration combines distributed fiber optic strain sensing with an inverse finite element method for detecting and characterizing structural anomalies anomalies that may provide early indication of airframe structure degradation. The technique identifies structural anomalies that result in observable changes in localized strain but do not impact the overall surface shape. Surface shape information is provided by an Inverse Finite Element Method that computes full-field displacements and internal loads using strain data from in-situ fiberoptic sensors. This paper describes a prototype of such a system and reports results from a series of laboratory tests conducted on a test coupon subjected to increasing levels of damage.

Prevalence and distribution of selected dental anomalies among saudi children in Abha, Saudi Arabia.

PubMed

Yassin, Syed M

2016-12-01

Dental anomalies are not an unusual finding in routine dental examination. The effect of dental anomalies can lead to functional, esthetic and occlusal problems. The Purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of selected developmental dental anomalies in Saudi children. The study was based on clinical examination and Panoramic radiographs of children who visited the Pediatric dentistry clinics at King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia. These patients were examined for dental anomalies in size, shape, number, structure and position. Data collected were entered and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version. Of the 1252 children (638 Boys, 614 girls) examined, 318 subjects (25.39%) presented with selected dental anomalies. The distribution by gender was 175 boys (27.42%) and 143 girls (23.28%). On intergroup comparison, number anomalies was the most common anomaly with Hypodontia (9.7%) being the most common anomaly in Saudi children, followed by hyperdontia (3.5%). The Prevalence of size anomalies were Microdontia (2.6%) and Macrodontia (1.8%). The prevalence of Shape anomalies were Talon cusp (1.4%), Taurodontism (1.4%), Fusion (0.8%).The prevalence of Positional anomalies were Ectopic eruption (2.3%) and Rotation (0.4%). The prevalence of structural anomalies were Amelogenesis imperfecta (0.3%) Dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.1%). A significant number of children had dental anomaly with Hypodontia being the most common anomaly and Dentinogenesis imperfecta being the rare anomaly in the study. Early detection and management of these anomalies can avoid potential orthodontic and esthetic problems in a child. Key words: Dental anomalies, children, Saudi Arabia.

Conformal anomaly of some 2-d Z (n) models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

William, Peter

1991-01-01

We describe a numerical calculation of the conformal anomaly in the case of some two-dimensional statistical models undergoing a second-order phase transition, utilizing a recently developed method to compute the partition function exactly. This computation is carried out on a massively parallel CM2 machine, using the finite size scaling behaviour of the free energy.

Continental magnetic anomaly constraints on continental reconstruction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vonfrese, R. R. B.; Hinze, W. J.; Olivier, R.; Bentley, C. R.

1985-01-01

Crustal magnetic anomalies mapped by the MAGSAT satellite for North and South America, Europe, Africa, India, Australia and Antarctica and adjacent marine areas were adjusted to a common elevation of 400 km and differentially reduced to the radial pole of intensity 60,000 nT. These radially polarized anomalies are normalized for differential inclination, declination and intensity effects of the geomagnetic field, so that in principle they directly reflected the geometric and magnetic polarization attributes of sources which include regional petrologic variations of the crust and upper mantle, and crustal thickness and thermal perturbations. Continental anomalies demonstrate remarkably detailed correlation of regional magnetic sources across rifted margins when plotted on a reconstruction of Pangea. Accordingly, they suggest further fundamental constraints on the geologic evolution of the continents and their reconstructions.

The Chernobyl accident, congenital anomalies and other reproductive outcomes.

PubMed

Little, J

1993-04-01

Studies of the association between the Chernobyl accident in April 1986 and reproductive outcome, with particular reference to congenital anomalies, are reviewed. All of the studies so far have been based on the detection of a change in frequency over time. An increased frequency of trisomy 21 in the former West Berlin in January 1987, and increases in the frequency of neural tube defects in several small hospital-based series in Turkey, are not confirmed in larger and more representative series in Europe. No clear changes in the prevalence at birth of anomalies which might be associated with the accident are apparent in Byelorussia or the Ukraine, the republics with the highest exposure to fallout. However, these data are difficult to interpret as the methods of acquisition have not been described and they have not yet been reported in full. Thus, there is no consistent evidence of a detrimental physical effect of the Chernobyl accident on congenital anomalies. This is also the case for other measured outcomes of pregnancy. There is evidence of indirect effects--an increase in induced abortions substantial enough to show as a reduction in total births, due to anxieties created. Data are not available on the reproductive outcomes of women pregnant at the time of the accident who were evacuated from the 30 km zone of immediate contamination, of workers in the plant at the time of the accident or of decontamination workers. Moreover, no data are available from several of the other countries closest to the Chernobyl area.

The association between congenital anomalies and autism spectrum disorders in a Finnish national birth cohort.

PubMed

Timonen-Soivio, Laura; Vanhala, Raija; Malm, Heli; Leivonen, Susanna; Jokiranta, Elina; Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki, Susanna; Gissler, Mika; Brown, Alan S; Sourander, Andre

2015-01-01

The first aim of this study was to evaluate the association between different subgroups of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) (childhood autism, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder/pervasive developmental disorder - not otherwise specified [PDD/PDD-NOS]) and congenital anomalies. Second, we assessed the association among intellectually disabled children with ASDs in the subgroups of childhood autism and PDD/PDD-NOS. Nationwide population-based register data for children with a diagnosis of ASD (n=4449; 3548 males, 901 females) were collected during years 1987-2000 from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register. Data on congenital anomalies were derived from the National Register of Congenital Malformations. Conditional logistic regression models were used as a statistical method. The association between ASD subgroups and congenital anomalies was stratified by the presence or absence of intellectual disability. Congenital anomalies occurred more frequently in all subgroups of ASD than in comparison participants (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for major congenital anomalies 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-2.2, p<0.001). The association between congenital anomalies and childhood autism (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.6-3.6, p<0.001) and between congenital anomalies and PDD/PDD-NOS (OR 3.7, 95% CI 2.4-5.7, p<0.001) among children with an intellectual disability was strong but remained significant also without intellectual disability (childhood autism: OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.3, p<0.001; PDD/PDD-NOS: OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.9-2.8, p<0.001). The results suggest a significant association between ASDs and congenital anomalies regardless of the ASD subgroup. The association between childhood autism and PDD/PDD-NOS and congenital anomalies is stronger among children with intellectual disability is stronger than among those without intellectual disability. These results may have relevance in examining early risk factors in autism during fetal neurodevelopment. © 2014 Mac Keith Press.

Arsenic in drinking water and congenital heart anomalies in Hungary.

PubMed

Rudnai, Tamás; Sándor, János; Kádár, Mihály; Borsányi, Mátyás; Béres, Judit; Métneki, Júlia; Maráczi, Gabriella; Rudnai, Péter

2014-11-01

Inorganic arsenic can get easily through the placenta however there are very few human data on congenital anomalies related to arsenic exposure. Objective of our study was to explore the associations between arsenic content of drinking water and prevalence of some congenital anomalies. Four anomalies reported to the Hungarian Congenital Anomalies Registry between 1987 and 2003 were chosen to be analysed in relation to arsenic exposure: congenital anomalies of the circulatory system (n=9734) were considered as cases, while Down syndrome, club foot and multiple congenital malformations were used as controls (n=5880). Arsenic exposure of the mothers during pregnancy was estimated by using archive measurement data for each year and for each settlement where the mothers lived. Analysis of the associations between the prevalence of congenital heart anomalies and arsenic exposure during pregnancy was performed by logistic regression. The child's gender and age of the mother were adjusted for. The associations were evaluated by using the present EU health limit value of 10.0 μg/L arsenic concentration as a cut-off point. Regular consumption of drinking water with arsenic concentration above 10 μg/L during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of congenital heart anomalies in general (adjusted OR=1.41; 95% C.I.: 1.28-1.56), and especially that of ductus Botalli persistens (adjusted OR=1.81, 95%C.I.: 1.54-2.11) and atrial septal defect (adjusted OR=1.79; 95%C.I.: 1.59-2.01). The presented results showed an increased risk of congenital heart anomalies among infants whose mothers were exposed to drinking water with arsenic content above 10 μg/L during pregnancy. Further studies of possible similar effects of concentrations below 10 μg/L are warranted. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Conformational organizations of G-quadruplexes composed of d(G(4)T(n))(3)G(4).

PubMed

Wong, Wan Chi; Zhuang, Jinyi; Ng, Selina Ling Ling; New, Lilian Li Lin; Hiew, Shuhui; Guo, Juanjuan; Yang, Zhaoqi; Li, Tianhu

2010-08-01

Structural polymorphism is one of the important issues with regard to G-quadruplexes because the structural diversity may significantly affect their biological functions in vivo and their physical property in nano-material. A series of oligonucleotides with four repeat guanines sequence [d(G(4)T(n))(3)G(4) (n=1-6)] were designed. In this study, the effects of loop length on the formation of structures of G-quadruplex were investigated through the result of CD (circular dichroism) and 20% non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our studies demonstrate that the length of loop in 100mM KCl solution could predict the conformation of G-quadruplex. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Conditional anomaly detection methods for patient–management alert systems

PubMed Central

Valko, Michal; Cooper, Gregory; Seybert, Amy; Visweswaran, Shyam; Saul, Melissa; Hauskrecht, Milos

2010-01-01

Anomaly detection methods can be very useful in identifying unusual or interesting patterns in data. A recently proposed conditional anomaly detection framework extends anomaly detection to the problem of identifying anomalous patterns on a subset of attributes in the data. The anomaly always depends (is conditioned) on the value of remaining attributes. The work presented in this paper focuses on instance–based methods for detecting conditional anomalies. The methods rely on the distance metric to identify examples in the dataset that are most critical for detecting the anomaly. We investigate various metrics and metric learning methods to optimize the performance of the instance–based anomaly detection methods. We show the benefits of the instance–based methods on two real–world detection problems: detection of unusual admission decisions for patients with the community–acquired pneumonia and detection of unusual orders of an HPF4 test that is used to confirm Heparin induced thrombocytopenia — a life–threatening condition caused by the Heparin therapy. PMID:25392850

Synthesis of N4-(Substituted phenyl)-N4-alkyl/desalkyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indole-2,4-diamines and Identification of New Microtubule Disrupting Compounds that are Effective against Multidrug Resistant Cells1

PubMed Central

Gangjee, Aleem; Zaware, Nilesh; Devambatla, Ravi Kumar Vyas; Raghavan, Sudhir; Westbrook, Cara D.; Dybdal-Hargreaves, Nicholas F.; Hamel, Ernest; Mooberry, Susan L.

2013-01-01

A series of fourteen N4-(substituted phenyl)-N4-methyl/desmethyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indole-2,4-diamines was synthesized as potential microtubule targeting agents. The synthesis involved a Fisher indole cyclization of 2-amino-6-hydrazinylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one with cyclohexanone, followed by oxidation, chlorination and displacement with appropriate anilines. Compounds 6, 14 and 15 had low nanomolar potency against MDA-MB-435 tumor cells and depolymerized microtubules. Compound 6 additionally had nanomolar GI50 values against 57 of the NCI 60-tumor panel cell lines. Mechanistic studies showed that 6 inhibited tubulin polymerization and [3H]colchicine binding to tubulin. The most potent compounds were all effective in cells expressing P-glycoprotein or the βIII isotype of tubulin, which have been associated with clinical drug reisistence. Modeling studies provided the potential interactions of 6, 14 and 15 within the colchicine site. PMID:23332369

Severe poisoning after self-reported use of 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]ethanamine, a novel substituted amphetamine: a case series.

PubMed

Hieger, M A; Rose, S R; Cumpston, K L; Stromberg, P E; Miller, S; Wills, B K

2015-12-01

Significant toxicity from amphetamine and cathinone derivatives is being increasingly reported. We describe a series of self-reported exposures to 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]ethanamine (25-I-NBOME or 25-I), a novel amphetamine derivative. Ten patients with an average age of 17 years presented to local emergency departments (EDs) in our community after ingestion and/or insufflation of a drug referred to as "25-I." Of 10 patients, 6 reported taking 25-I alone; other substances included ethanol; 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylphenethylamine; marijuana; and ketamine. Most common effects included tachycardia (90%), hypertension (70%), agitation (60%), and hallucinations (50%). The average heart rate was 123 beats per minute. Two patients were found in status epilepticus, and another was found unresponsive. One patient who had a seizure had multiple, discrete intraparenchymal hemorrhages and acute kidney injury. Six patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, two were treated in the ED and released, and 1 each was admitted to psychiatry or managed in a clinical decision unit and subsequently discharged. Three patients required emergent intubation, and all admitted patients (7/10) were given intravenous benzodiazepines for sedation. Urine and blood specimens were obtained from 1 patient, which showed analytic confirmation of 25-I. In addition to sympathomimetic effects, methoxy and other substituent groups impart serotonergic effects, resulting in hallucinogenic properties. 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]ethanamine appears to be extremely potent with a reported "dose" of 500 μg resulting in increased potential for inadvertent overdose. This case series describes significant morbidity in a local cluster of young patients after self-reported use of 25-I, a newly identified drug of abuse.

Dataset of anomalies and malicious acts in a cyber-physical subsystem.

PubMed

Laso, Pedro Merino; Brosset, David; Puentes, John

2017-10-01

This article presents a dataset produced to investigate how data and information quality estimations enable to detect aNomalies and malicious acts in cyber-physical systems. Data were acquired making use of a cyber-physical subsystem consisting of liquid containers for fuel or water, along with its automated control and data acquisition infrastructure. Described data consist of temporal series representing five operational scenarios - Normal, aNomalies, breakdown, sabotages, and cyber-attacks - corresponding to 15 different real situations. The dataset is publicly available in the .zip file published with the article, to investigate and compare faulty operation detection and characterization methods for cyber-physical systems.

Prevalence and distribution of selected dental anomalies among saudi children in Abha, Saudi Arabia

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Background Dental anomalies are not an unusual finding in routine dental examination. The effect of dental anomalies can lead to functional, esthetic and occlusal problems. The Purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of selected developmental dental anomalies in Saudi children. Material and Methods The study was based on clinical examination and Panoramic radiographs of children who visited the Pediatric dentistry clinics at King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia. These patients were examined for dental anomalies in size, shape, number, structure and position. Data collected were entered and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version. Results Of the 1252 children (638 Boys, 614 girls) examined, 318 subjects (25.39%) presented with selected dental anomalies. The distribution by gender was 175 boys (27.42%) and 143 girls (23.28%). On intergroup comparison, number anomalies was the most common anomaly with Hypodontia (9.7%) being the most common anomaly in Saudi children, followed by hyperdontia (3.5%). The Prevalence of size anomalies were Microdontia (2.6%) and Macrodontia (1.8%). The prevalence of Shape anomalies were Talon cusp (1.4%), Taurodontism (1.4%), Fusion (0.8%).The prevalence of Positional anomalies were Ectopic eruption (2.3%) and Rotation (0.4%). The prevalence of structural anomalies were Amelogenesis imperfecta (0.3%) Dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.1%). Conclusions A significant number of children had dental anomaly with Hypodontia being the most common anomaly and Dentinogenesis imperfecta being the rare anomaly in the study. Early detection and management of these anomalies can avoid potential orthodontic and esthetic problems in a child. Key words:Dental anomalies, children, Saudi Arabia. PMID:27957258

Gas-liquid coexistence for the boson square-well fluid and the (4)He binodal anomaly.

PubMed

Fantoni, Riccardo

2014-08-01

The binodal of a boson square-well fluid is determined as a function of the particle mass through a quantum Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo algorithm devised by R. Fantoni and S. Moroni [J. Chem. Phys. (to be published)]. In the infinite mass limit we recover the classical result. As the particle mass decreases, the gas-liquid critical point moves at lower temperatures. We explicitly study the case of a quantum delocalization de Boer parameter close to the one of (4)He. For comparison, we also determine the gas-liquid coexistence curve of (4)He for which we are able to observe the binodal anomaly below the λ-transition temperature.

Structural evolution of atomically precise thiolated bimetallic [Au(12+n)Cu₃₂(SR)(30+n)]⁴⁻ (n = 0, 2, 4, 6) nanoclusters.

PubMed

Yang, Huayan; Wang, Yu; Yan, Juanzhu; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xin; Häkkinen, Hannu; Zheng, Nanfeng

2014-05-21

A series of all-thiol stabilized bimetallic Au-Cu nanoclusters, [Au(12+n)Cu32(SR)(30+n)](4-) (n = 0, 2, 4, 6 and SR = SPhCF3), are successfully synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Each cluster consists of a Keplerate two-shell Au12@Cu20 core protected by (6 - n) units of Cu2(SR)5 and n units of Cu2Au(SR)6 (n = 0, 2, 4, 6) motifs on its surface. The size and structural evolution of the clusters is atomically controlled by the Au precursors and countercations used in the syntheses. The clusters exhibit similar optical absorption properties that are not dependent on the number of surface Cu2Au(SR)6 units. Although DFT suggests an electronic structure with an 18-electron superatom shell closure, the clusters display different thermal stabilities. [Au(12+n)Cu32(SR)(30+n)](4-) clusters with n = 0 and 2 are more stable than those with n = 4 and 6. Moreover, an oxidation product of the clusters, [Au13Cu12(SR)20](4-), is structurally identified to gain insight into how the clusters are oxidized.

4,4\\'-Methylene bis(N,N\\'-dimethyl)aniline

Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)

4,4 ' - Methylene bis ( N , N ' - dimethyl ) aniline ; CASRN 101 - 61 - 1 Human health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in the IRIS database only after a comprehensive review of toxicity data , as outlined in the IRIS assessment development process . Sections I ( Health Haz

[Possibilities of fast track surgery principles in the treatment of congenital urological anomalies].

PubMed

Bižić, Marta R; Cvetinović, Nataša; Majstorović, Marko J; Radojčić, Zoran; Vukadinović, Vojkan; Krstić, Zoran; Djordjević, Miroslav L

2012-01-01

Urogenital congenital anomalies are among the most common congenital anomalies and very frequent pathology in paediatric urology. Health care systems strive to shorten the duration and reduce the costs of hospitalization, while maintaining treatment effectiveness. To evaluate the duration of hospital stay of surgically treated patients with congenital urogenital anomalies and estimate the possibility of using fast track surgery principles in paediatric urology in the local settings of a developing country. Retrospective non-randomized study included 552 patients who had been surgically treated at the Urology Department of the University Children's Hospital, during 2010. In line with their congenital anomalies, all patients were classified in one of four groups: I--upper urinary tract anomalies (252 patients); II--genital anomalies (164 patients); III--testicular anomalies (76 patients) and IV--associated anomalies (60 patients). We analyzed the total duration of stay as well as pre- and post-operative stay in the hospital. The average duration of hospitalization was 4.7 +/- 4.0 days. Patients with testicular anomalies stayed for the shortest period (2.3 +/- 1.9 days) (p < 0.01) and patients with associated anomalies stayed in the hospital the longest (6.5 +/- 4.7 days) (p < 0.01). Modern methods of surgical treatment allow reduction of hospitalization, financial savings to the healthcare system and greater comfort for patients. Our results showed that this is also possible to apply in our environment.

Using statistical anomaly detection models to find clinical decision support malfunctions.

PubMed

Ray, Soumi; McEvoy, Dustin S; Aaron, Skye; Hickman, Thu-Trang; Wright, Adam

2018-05-11

Malfunctions in Clinical Decision Support (CDS) systems occur due to a multitude of reasons, and often go unnoticed, leading to potentially poor outcomes. Our goal was to identify malfunctions within CDS systems. We evaluated 6 anomaly detection models: (1) Poisson Changepoint Model, (2) Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model, (3) Hierarchical Divisive Changepoint (HDC) Model, (4) Bayesian Changepoint Model, (5) Seasonal Hybrid Extreme Studentized Deviate (SHESD) Model, and (6) E-Divisive with Median (EDM) Model and characterized their ability to find known anomalies. We analyzed 4 CDS alerts with known malfunctions from the Longitudinal Medical Record (LMR) and Epic® (Epic Systems Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. The 4 rules recommend lead testing in children, aspirin therapy in patients with coronary artery disease, pneumococcal vaccination in immunocompromised adults and thyroid testing in patients taking amiodarone. Poisson changepoint, ARIMA, HDC, Bayesian changepoint and the SHESD model were able to detect anomalies in an alert for lead screening in children and in an alert for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in immunocompromised adults. EDM was able to detect anomalies in an alert for monitoring thyroid function in patients on amiodarone. Malfunctions/anomalies occur frequently in CDS alert systems. It is important to be able to detect such anomalies promptly. Anomaly detection models are useful tools to aid such detections.

Cross-linguistic variation in the neurophysiological response to semantic processing: Evidence from anomalies at the borderline of awareness

PubMed Central

Tune, Sarah; Schlesewsky, Matthias; Small, Steven L.; Sanford, Anthony J.; Bohan, Jason; Sassenhagen, Jona; Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina

2014-01-01

The N400 event-related brain potential (ERP) has played a major role in the examination of how the human brain processes meaning. For current theories of the N400, classes of semantic inconsistencies which do not elicit N400 effects have proven particularly influential. Semantic anomalies that are difficult to detect are a case in point (“borderline anomalies”, e.g. “After an air crash, where should the survivors be buried?”), engendering a late positive ERP response but no N400 effect in English (Sanford, Leuthold, Bohan, & Sanford, 2011). In three auditory ERP experiments, we demonstrate that this result is subject to cross-linguistic variation. In a German version of Sanford and colleagues' experiment (Experiment 1), detected borderline anomalies elicited both N400 and late positivity effects compared to control stimuli or to missed borderline anomalies. Classic easy-to-detect semantic (non-borderline) anomalies showed the same pattern as in English (N400 plus late positivity). The cross-linguistic difference in the response to borderline anomalies was replicated in two additional studies with a slightly modified task (Experiment 2a: German; Experiment 2b: English), with a reliable LANGUAGE × ANOMALY interaction for the borderline anomalies confirming that the N400 effect is subject to systematic cross-linguistic variation. We argue that this variation results from differences in the language-specific default weighting of top-down and bottom-up information, concluding that N400 amplitude reflects the interaction between the two information sources in the form-to-meaning mapping. PMID:24447768

Orbital Anomalies in Goddard Spacecraft for Calendar Year 1994

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, Walter B.

1996-01-01

This report summarizes and updates the annual on-orbit performance between January I and December 31, 1994, for spacecraft built by or managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). During 1994, GSFC had 27 active orbiting satellites and I Shuttle-launched and retrieved 'free flyer.' There were 310 reported anomalies among 21 satellites and one GSFC instrument (TOMS). GOES-8 accounted for 66 anomalies, and SAMPES reported 155 'anomalies'. Of the 155 anomalies reported for all but SAMPEX, only 4 affected the spacecraft missions 'substantially' or greater, that is, presented a loss of more than 33% of the total missions. The most frequent subsystem anomalies were Instrument/Payload(44), Timing Command and Control(40), and Attitude Control Systems(33). Of the non-SAMPEX anomalies, 29% had no effect on the missions and 28% caused subsystem or instrument degradation and, for another 28%, no anomaly effect on the mission could be determined. Fifty-three percent of non-SAMPEX anomalies could not be classified according to 'type'; the other most common types were 'systemic'(35), 'random'(19), and 'normal or expected operation'(15). Forty percent of the anomalies were not classified according to failure category; the remaining most frequent occurrences were 'design problems'(50) and 'other known problems'(35).

Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients.

PubMed

Montasser, Mona A; Taha, Mahasen

2012-01-01

To study the prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in a sample of orthodontic patients. The dental casts, intraoral photographs, and lateral panoramic and cephalometric radiographs of 509 Egyptian orthodontic patients were studied. Patients were examined for dental anomalies in number, size, shape, position, and structure. The prevalence of each dental anomaly was calculated and compared between sexes. Of the total study sample, 32.6% of the patients had at least one dental anomaly other than agenesis of third molars; 32.1% of females and 33.5% of males had at least one dental anomaly other than agenesis of third molars. The most commonly detected dental anomalies were impaction (12.8%) and ectopic eruption (10.8%). The total prevalence of hypodontia (excluding third molars) and hyperdontia was 2.4% and 2.8%, respectively, with similiar distributions in females and males. Gemination and accessory roots were reported in this study; each of these anomalies was detected in 0.2% of patients. In addition to genetic and racial factors, environmental factors could have more important influence on the prevalence of dental anomalies in every population. Impaction, ectopic eruption, hyperdontia, hypodontia, and microdontia were the most common dental anomalies, while fusion and dentinogenesis imperfecta were absent.

Distribution, Management Difficulty and Outcome of Branchial Anomalies.

PubMed

Sattar, M A; Sultana, M T; Ahmed, S

2018-01-01

Branchial arch anomalies are one of the most common congenital anomalies of the neck. Developmental anomalies of the branchial apparatus account for 17% of all pediatric cervical masses. This study aimed to focus on proper diagnosis of branchial anomaly and describe occurrence, presentation, management and outcome of usual and unusual types. This ten-year prospective observational study was conducted from November 2005 to November 2015 including 2-year postoperative follow-up of the patients in Department of ENT, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total 89 patients were enrolled for this study. Information was recorded on Clinical examination, relevant investigation, Per-operative findings and Histo-pathological findings. After receiving Histo-pathological findings 61 cases were proved as branchial arch anomalies. Ultrasonography and Histopathology was done for every patient. Fistulogram and sinogram was done for patient of fistula and sinus respectively. CT scan was needed for 9 patients, MRI for 3 patients and 12 patient undergone FNAC. Outcomes of those patients were described in terms of Hospital stay, Complications and Follow up studies. Data analysis was done by Standard Statistical Method.Presentation of a number of participant's mimics Branchial arch anomalies; 4.91% was syndromal. Second branchial arch anomalies were the highest. Management was exclusively surgical. Recurrence rate was about 6.56%. Surgery is the tool for diagnosis, treatment, preventing complications, avoiding carcinoma for branchial arch anomalies.

First high-resolution near-seafloor survey of magnetic anomalies of the South China Sea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, J.; Xu, X.; Li, C.; Sun, Z.; Zhu, J.; Zhou, Z.; Qiu, N.

2013-12-01

We successfully conducted the first high-resolution near-seafloor magnetic survey of the Central, Southwest, and Northern Central Basins of the South China Sea (SCS) during two cruises on board Chinese R/V HaiYangLiuHao in October-November 2012 and March-April 2013, respectively. Measurements of magnetic field were made along four long survey lines, including (1) a NW-SE across-isochron profile transecting the Southwest Basin and covering all ages of the oceanic crust (Line CD); (2) a N-S across-isochron profile transecting the Central Basin (Line AB); and (3) two sub-parallel NE-SW across-isochron profiles transecting the Northern Central Basin of the SCS (Lines D and E). A three-axis magnetometer was mounted on a deep-tow vehicle, flying within 0.6 km above the seafloor. The position of the tow vehicle was provided by an ultra-short baseline navigation system along Lines D and E, while was estimated using shipboard GPS along Lines AB and CD. To investigate crustal magnetization, we first removed the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) of 2010 from the measured magnetic data, and then downward continued the resultant magnetic field data to a horizontal plane at a water depth of 4.5 km to correct for variation due to the fishing depth of the deep-tow vehicle. Finally, we calculated magnetic anomalies at various water depths after reduction-to-the-pole corrections. We also constructed polarity reversal block (PRB) models of crustal magnetization by matching peaks and troughs of the observed magnetic field anomaly. Our analysis yielded the following results: (1) The near-bottom magnetic anomaly showed peak-to-trough amplitudes of more than 2,500 nT, which are several times of the anomaly amplitudes at the sea surface, illustrating that deep-tow measurements acquired much higher spatial resolutions. (2) The deep-tow data revealed several distinctive magnetic anomalies with wavelengths of 5-15 km and amplitudes of several hundred nT. These short

Origin and evolution of the Perm Anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flament, N. E.; Williams, S.; Müller, D.; Gurnis, M.; Bower, D. J.

2016-12-01

Earth's lower mantle is characterized by two large-low-shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs, 15000 km in diameter, 500-1000 km high) located under Africa and the Pacific Ocean. In addition, a single, much smaller ( 1000 km in diameter, 500 km high) deep mantle structure named the "Perm Anomaly" was recently identified through the analysis of seismic tomography models. This discovery challenges current reconstructions of the evolution of the plate-mantle system that invoke plumes rising from the edges of the two LLSVPs, assumed spatially fixed and non-deforming in time. Here, we present mantle flow models constrained by tectonic reconstructions that reproduce the present-day structure of the lower mantle, and show a Perm-like anomaly. In the dynamic models, spanning 230 Myr, subducting slabs deform an initially uniform basal layer containing 2% of the volume of the mantle. Basal density, convective vigour, mantle viscosity, absolute plate motions, and relative plate motions are varied in a series of model cases. We use cluster analysis to classify equally-spaced points on Earth's surface into two groups with similar variations in present-day temperature between 1000-2800 km depth, for each model case. The procedure reveals a high-temperature cluster and a low-temperature cluster with respect to ambient mantle temperature below 2400 km depth. The spatial extent of the high-temperature cluster is in first-order agreement with the outlines of the LLSVPs and of the Perm Anomaly revealed by a similar cluster analysis of seven tomography models. Model success is quantified by computing the accuracy (between 0.56 and 0.76) of the temperature clusters in predicting the low-velocity cluster obtained from tomography, and qualified by the occurrence of a separate Perm-like anomaly. The anomaly formed in isolation prior to 150 Ma within a long-lived subduction network 22000 km in circumference composed of the Mongol-Okhotsk subduction along Eurasia to the west, northern Tethys

Clustering and Recurring Anomaly Identification: Recurring Anomaly Detection System (ReADS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McIntosh, Dawn

2006-01-01

This viewgraph presentation reviews the Recurring Anomaly Detection System (ReADS). The Recurring Anomaly Detection System is a tool to analyze text reports, such as aviation reports and maintenance records: (1) Text clustering algorithms group large quantities of reports and documents; Reduces human error and fatigue (2) Identifies interconnected reports; Automates the discovery of possible recurring anomalies; (3) Provides a visualization of the clusters and recurring anomalies We have illustrated our techniques on data from Shuttle and ISS discrepancy reports, as well as ASRS data. ReADS has been integrated with a secure online search

Influence of SST anomalies in low latitudes on atmospheric heat transport to the Arctic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alekseev, Genrikh; Kuzmina, Svetlana; Glok, Natalia

2017-04-01

The purpose of the study is to assess the influence of SST anomalies in the low latitudes of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans to climatic change of the winter atmospheric meridional heat transport (MAHT) to the Arctic and to propose the mechanisms of this influence. Estimates of sensible and latent heat transport to the Arctic through the "Atlantic Gate" at 70 ° N in winter (December-February) 1980-2015 fulfilled on base ERA / Interim and monthly SST from HadISST were used. Multi-dimensional cross-correlation analysis was applied. The area and month in each ocean were found with maximal correlations between SST and winter MAHT. Mean SST in selected areas for each month of 1980-2015 were calculated and its correlations with MAHT were estimated. The correlation coefficients equal from 0.57 to 0.42, and after removing the noise increased up to 0.75 with MAHT lag from 27 to 30 months. The SST and MAHT series include together with positive trend the 5-7 years fluctuations. The mechanism of SST anomalies influence on winter MAHT to the Arctic includes the interaction of atmospheric (Hadley and Ferrel circulations, jet streams, NAO) and oceanic (Gulf Stream, the North Atlantic, the Norwegian currents) circulation patterns. To justify the proposed scheme the evaluation of the links between SST anomalies, the NAO index, the Atlantic water inflow to the Barents Sea, are investigated. The study is supported with RFBR project 15-05-03512.

Economic activity and congenital anomalies: an ecologic study in Argentina. ECLAMC ECOTERAT Group.

PubMed Central

Castilla, E E; Campaña, H; Camelo, J S

2000-01-01

In this study, we analyze the association between industrial activity and the occurrence of 34 congenital anomalies. We selected 21 counties in Argentina during 1982-1994 and examined a total of 614,796 births in these counties in consecutive series. We used the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (United Nations, 1968) as an indicator of exposure to 80 specific industrial activities. Incidence rate ratios for each congenital anomaly were adjusted by the socioeconomic level of the county according to a census index of social deprivation. For a given exposure/anomaly association to be considered as significant and relevant, the exposure had to be a statistically significant risk for the occurrence of the anomaly and an increase in the birth prevalence rate of the congenital anomaly type involved had to be observed in those counties where the putative causal activity was being performed. Significant associations (p < 0.01) were identified between textile industry and anencephaly, and between the manufacture of engines and turbines and microcephaly. These observations are consistent with previous reports on occupational exposure, and their further investigation by means of case-control studies is recommended. PMID:10706523

The prevalence of dental anomalies in a turkish population.

PubMed

Aren, Gamze; Guven, Yeliz; Guney Tolgay, Ceren; Ozcan, Ilknur; Bayar, Ozlem Filiz; Kose, Taha Emre; Koyuncuoglu, Gulhan; Ak, Gulsum

2015-01-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a Turkish population according to the gender and age. A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 2025 patients (885 males and 1140 females) ranging in age from 9 to 35 (mean age 25.61±10.04) years attending Department of Oral Radiology, University of Istanbul, Faculty of Dentistry. These patients were examined to determine the presence of developmental dental anomalies involving hypodontia, hyperdontia, microdontia, taurodontism and other root anomalies. The incidence of these anomalies were assessed according to the gender and age. Among the 2025 subjects, a total of 96 individuals (42 males and 54 females) showed at least one of the selected dental anomalies (4.74%). Tooth agenesis was the most common dental abnormality (1.77%) followed by taurodontism (1.18%), hyperdontia (0.79%), microdontia (0.54%) and root anomalies (0.44%), respectively. Tooth agenesis is the most common developmental dental anomaly in the studied Turkish population followed by taurodontism.

Midline cervical cleft: a rare congenital anomaly.

PubMed

Renukaswamy, Gayathri Mandya; Soma, Marlene A; Hartley, Benjamin E J

2009-11-01

A midline cervical cleft (MCC) is a rare congenital anomaly due to failure of fusion of the first and second branchial arches during embryogenesis. It may present as a midline defect of the anterior neck skin with a skin projection or sinus, or as a subcutaneous fibrous cord. This report evaluates the clinical features and surgical management of an MCC. We analyzed a series of 4 patients with an MCC successfully treated at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London. Three male patients and 1 female patient between 4 and 11 months of age were found to have an MCC. Each patient presented with an erythematous, fibrous band of tissue extending between the chin and the suprasternal notch. Treatment comprised surgical excision of the lesion and Z-plasty repair. We present the embryology, common clinical presentation, investigations, differential diagnosis, and histology, along with a literature review, of this uncommon malformation of the anterior neck. An MCC is a differential diagnosis to consider when assessing a child with a midline cervical lesion. Early surgical excision with Z-plasty repair of the soft tissue defect is the treatment of choice to prevent long-term complications.

Characterizing a decade of behavior at Volcán de Colima, Mexico using long term InSAR and thermal remote sensing data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sorge, J.; Williams-Jones, G.; Wright, R.; Varley, N. R.

2010-12-01

Satellite imagery is playing an increasingly prominent role in volcanology as it allows for consistent monitoring of remote, dangerous, and/or under-monitored volcanoes. One such system is Volcán de Colima (Mexico), a persistently active andesitic stratovolcano. Its characteristic and hazardous activity includes lava dome growth, pyroclastic flows, explosions, and Plinian to Subplinian eruptions, which have historically occurred at the end of Volcán de Colima’s eruptive cycle. Despite the availability of large amounts of historical satellite imagery, methods to process and interpret these images over long time periods are limited. Furthermore, while time-series InSAR data from a previous study (December 2002 to August 2006) detected an overall subsidence between 1 and 3 km from the summit, there is insufficient temporal resolution to unambiguously constrain the source processes. To address this issue, a semi-automated process for time-based characterization of persistent volcanic activity at Volcán de Colima has been developed using a combination of MODIS and GOES satellite imagery to identify thermal anomalies on the volcano edifice. This satellite time-series data is then combined with available geodetic data, a detailed eruption history, and other geophysical time-series data (e.g., seismicity, explosions/day, effusion rate, environmental data, etc.) and examined for possible correlations and recurring patterns in the multiple data sets to investigate potential trigger mechanisms responsible for the changes in volcanic activity. GOES and MODIS images are available from 2000 to present at a temporal resolution of one image every 30 minutes and up to four images per day, respectively, creating a data set of approximately 180,000 images. Thermal anomalies over Volcán de Colima are identified in both night- and day-time images by applying a time-series approach to the analysis of MODIS data. Detection of false anomalies, caused by non-volcanic heat sources

Posterior fossa anomalies diagnosed with fetal MRI: associated anomalies and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

PubMed

Patek, Kyla J; Kline-Fath, Beth M; Hopkin, Robert J; Pilipenko, Valentina V; Crombleholme, Timothy M; Spaeth, Christine G

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between intracranial and extracranial anomalies and neurodevelopmental outcome for fetuses diagnosed with a posterior fossa anomaly (PFA) on fetal MRI. Cases of Dandy-Walker malformation, vermian hypogenesis/hypoplasia, and mega cisterna magna (MCM) were identified through the Fetal Care Center of Cincinnati between January 2004 and December 2010. Parental interview and retrospective chart review were used to assess neurodevelopmental outcome. Posterior fossa anomalies were identified in 59 fetuses; 9 with Dandy-Walker malformation, 36 with vermian hypogenesis/hypoplasia, and 14 with MCM. Cases with isolated PFAs (14/59) had better outcomes than those with additional anomalies (p = 0.00016), with isolated cases of MCM all being neurodevelopmentally normal. Cases with additional intracranial anomalies had a worse outcome than those without intracranial anomalies (p = 0.00017). The presence of extracranial anomalies increased the likelihood of having a poor outcome (p = 0.00014) as did the identification of an abnormal brainstem (p = 0.00018). Intracranial and extracranial anomalies were good predictors of neurodevelopmental outcome in this study. The prognosis was poor for individuals with an abnormal brainstem, whereas those with isolated MCM had normal neurodevelopmental outcome. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Discovery of (+)-N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-[1-(5-benzyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-[1,2]thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)-2-methylpropyl]-4-methylbenzamide (AZD4877), a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor and potential anticancer agent.

PubMed

Theoclitou, Maria-Elena; Aquila, Brian; Block, Michael H; Brassil, Patrick J; Castriotta, Lillian; Code, Erin; Collins, Michael P; Davies, Audrey M; Deegan, Tracy; Ezhuthachan, Jayachandran; Filla, Sandra; Freed, Ellen; Hu, Haiqing; Huszar, Dennis; Jayaraman, Muthusamy; Lawson, Deborah; Lewis, Paula M; Nadella, Murali V P; Oza, Vibha; Padmanilayam, Maniyan; Pontz, Timothy; Ronco, Lucienne; Russell, Daniel; Whitston, David; Zheng, Xiaolan

2011-10-13

Structure-activity relationship analysis identified (+)-N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-[1-(5-benzyl-3-methyl-4-oxo-[1,2]thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)-2-methylpropyl]-4-methylbenzamide (AZD4877), from a series of novel kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitors, as exhibiting both excellent biochemical potency and pharmaceutical properties suitable for clinical development. The selected compound arrested cells in mitosis leading to the formation of the monopolar spindle phenotype characteristic of KSP inhibition and induction of cellular death. A favorable pharmacokinetic profile and notable in vivo efficacy supported the selection of this compound as a clinical candidate for the treatment of cancer.

Cervical vertebral anomalies in patients with anomalies of the head and neck.

PubMed

Manaligod, J M; Bauman, N M; Menezes, A H; Smith, R J

1999-10-01

Congenital head and neck anomalies can occur in association with vertebral anomalies, particularly of the cervical vertebrae. While the former are easily recognized, especially when part of a syndrome, the latter are often occult, thereby delaying their diagnosis. The presence of vertebral anomalies must be considered in pediatric patients with head and neck abnormalities to expedite management of select cases and to prevent neurologic injury. We present our experience with 5 pediatric patients who were referred to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Iowa with a variety of syndromic anomalies of the head and neck. Each patient was subsequently also found to have a vertebral anomaly. The relevant embryogenesis of the anomalous structures is discussed, with highlighting of potential causes such as teratogenic agents and events and germ-line mutations. A review of syndromes having both head and neck and vertebral anomalies is presented to heighten awareness of otolaryngologists evaluating children with syndromic disorders. Finally, the findings on radiographic imaging studies, particularly computed tomography, are discussed to facilitate the prompt diagnosis of vertebral anomalies.

Anomalies, renormalization group flows, and the a-theorem in six-dimensional (1, 0) theories

DOE PAGES

Córdova, Clay; Dumitrescu, Thomas T.; Intriligator, Kenneth

2016-10-17

We establish a linear relation between the a-type Weyl anomaly and the ’t Hooft anomaly coeffcients for the R-symmetry and gravitational anomalies in sixdimensional (1,0) superconformal field theories. For RG flows onto the tensor branch, where conformal symmetry is spontaneously broken, supersymmetry relates the anomaly mismatch Δa to the square of a four-derivative interaction for the dilaton. This establishes the a-theorem for all such flows. The four-derivative dilaton interaction is in turn related to the Green-Schwarz-like terms that are needed to match the ’t Hooft anomalies on the tensor branch, thus fixing their relation to Δa. We use our formulamore » to obtain exact expressions for the a-anomaly of N small E 8 instantons, as well as N M 5-branes probing an orbifold singularity, and verify the a-theorem for RG flows onto their Higgs branches. We also discuss aspects of supersymmetric RG flows that terminate in scale but not conformally invariant theories with massless gauge fields.« less

NDVI anomalies associated with the European drought and heat wave of 2003

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bevan, Suzanne; Los, Sietse; North, Peter

2013-04-01

The European drought and heat wave of 2003 is commonly used as an example of extreme summer climate conditions that are likely to become more common towards the end of the 21st century, under predicted climate change scenarios. The extreme conditions are known to have had an impact on biomass primary productivity as reflected in remotely sensed vegetation indices and fAPAR, flux-tower measurements, and the results from a variety of modelling approaches. Early remote sensing analyses were based on relatively short time series of data, 4 or 5 years only. We are now able to make use of 12 years of MODIS observations to highlight the statistical significance of the widespread and persistent anomalies in vegetation greenness in 2003 compared with other summers so far this century. Anomalies in excess of 2 standard deviations initially occur at the start of June in central and eastern France. By the end of July they are common also over Germany, by mid August have spread to the French border with Spain, and by the end of August are common over the north-western corner of France, England and eastern Scotland. Using the One-Degree Daily resolution Global Precipitation Climatology Project precipitation data and European Re-Analysis Interim 2 m air temperatures we are able to show where and whether either precipitation or temperature has the greatest impact on summer vegetation greenness. With the exception of mountainous regions such as the Alps and northern and western parts of the United Kingdom, summer NDVI anomalies are highly correlated with precipitation anomalies of the preceding month. The picture for temperature is more geographically variable with summer NDVI anomalies in southern France, Italy and central England and north-eastern Scotland being negatively correlated with temperature, and northern and western coasts of France and Germany being positively correlated with temperature. In addition, we analyse the anomalies in conjunction with vegetation height from

Analysis of spacecraft anomalies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bloomquist, C. E.; Graham, W. C.

1976-01-01

The anomalies from 316 spacecraft covering the entire U.S. space program were analyzed to determine if there were any experimental or technological programs which could be implemented to remove the anomalies from future space activity. Thirty specific categories of anomalies were found to cover nearly 85 percent of all observed anomalies. Thirteen experiments were defined to deal with 17 of these categories; nine additional experiments were identified to deal with other classes of observed and anticipated anomalies. Preliminary analyses indicate that all 22 experimental programs are both technically feasible and economically viable.

Impact of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus on congenital anomalies, Canada, 2002-2012.

PubMed

Liu, S; Rouleau, J; León, J A; Sauve, R; Joseph, K S; Ray, J G

2015-07-01

To examine the impact of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus (DM) on the population birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in Canada. We carried out a population-based study of all women who delivered in Canadian hospitals (except those in the province of Quebec) between April 2002 and March 2013 and their live-born infants with a birth weight of 500 grams or more and/or a gestational age of 22 weeks or more. Pre-pregnancy type 1 or type 2 DM was identified using ICD-10 diagnostic codes. The association between DM and all congenital anomalies as well as specific congenital anomaly categories was estimated using adjusted odds ratios; the impact was calculated as a population attributable risk percent (PAR%). There were 118,892 infants with a congenital anomaly among 2,839,680 live births (41.9 per 1000). While the prevalence of any congenital anomaly declined from 50.7 per 1000 live births in 2002/03 to 41.5 per 1000 in 2012/13, the corresponding PAR% for a congenital anomaly related to pre-pregnancy DM rose from 0.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4-0.8) to 1.2% (95% CI: 0.9-1.4). Specifically, the PAR% for congenital cardiovascular defects increased from 2.3% (95% CI: 1.7-2.9) to 4.2% (95% CI: 3.5-4.9) and for gastrointestinal defects from 0.8% (95% CI: 0.2-1.9) to 1.4% (95% CI: 0.7-2.6) over the study period. Although there has been a relative decline in the prevalence of congenital anomalies in Canada, the proportion of congenital anomalies due to maternal pre-pregnancy DM has increased. Enhancement of preconception care initiatives for women with DM is recommended.

Mars Sample Handling Protocol Workshop Series: Workshop 4

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Race Margaret S. (Editor); DeVincenzi, Donald L. (Editor); Rummel, John D. (Editor); Acevedo, Sara E. (Editor)

2001-01-01

In preparation for missions to Mars that will involve the return of samples to Earth, it will be necessary to prepare for the receiving, handling, testing, distributing, and archiving of martian materials here on Earth. Previous groups and committees have studied selected aspects of sample return activities, but specific detailed protocols for the handling and testing of returned samples must still be developed. To further refine the requirements for sample hazard testing and to develop the criteria for subsequent release of sample materials from quarantine, the NASA Planetary Protection Officer convened a series of workshops in 2000-2001. The overall objective of the Workshop Series was to produce a Draft Protocol by which returned martian sample materials can be assessed for biological hazards and examined for evidence of life (extant or extinct) while safeguarding the purity of the samples from possible terrestrial contamination. This report also provides a record of the proceedings of Workshop 4, the final Workshop of the Series, which was held in Arlington, Virginia, June 5-7, 2001. During Workshop 4, the sub-groups were provided with a draft of the protocol compiled in May 2001 from the work done at prior Workshops in the Series. Then eight sub-groups were formed to discuss the following assigned topics: Review and Assess the Draft Protocol for Physical/Chemical Testing Review and Assess the Draft Protocol for Life Detection Testing Review and Assess the Draft Protocol for Biohazard Testing Environmental and Health/Monitoring and Safety Issues Requirements of the Draft Protocol for Facilities and Equipment Contingency Planning for Different Outcomes of the Draft Protocol Personnel Management Considerations in Implementation of the Draft Protocol Draft Protocol Implementation Process and Update Concepts This report provides the first complete presentation of the Draft Protocol for Mars Sample Handling to meet planetary protection needs. This Draft Protocol

Branchial Cleft Anomalies

PubMed Central

McPhail, Neil; Mustard, Robert A.

1966-01-01

The embryology, anatomy and pathology of branchial cleft anomalies are discussed and 87 cases reviewed. The most frequent anomaly was branchial cleft cyst, of which there were 77 cases. Treatment in all cases consisted of complete excision. There were five cases of external branchial sinus and five cases of complete branchial fistula. Sinograms were helpful in demonstrating these lesions. Excision presented little difficulty. No proved case of branchiogenic carcinoma has been found in the Toronto General Hospital. Five cases are described in which the original diagnosis was branchiogenic carcinoma—in four of these a primary tumour has already been found. The authors believe that the diagnosis of branchiogenic carcinoma should never be accepted until repeated examinations over a period of at least five years have failed to reveal a primary tumour. ImagesFig. 1Fig. 2Fig. 3Fig. 4Fig. 5 PMID:5901161

The computation of 15 deg and 10 deg equal area block terrestrial free air gravity anomalies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hajela, D. P.

1973-01-01

Starting with the set of 23,355 1 deg x 1 deg mean free air gravity anomalies used in Rapp (1972) to form a 5 deg equal area block terrestrial gravity field, the computation of 15 deg equal area block mean free air gravity anomalies is described along with estimates of their standard deviations. A new scheme of an integral division of a 15 deg block into 9 component 300 n. m. blocks, and each 300 n. m. block being subdivided into 25 60 n.mi. blocks, is used. This insures that there is no loss in accuracy, which would have resulted if proportional values according to area were taken of the 5 deg equal area anomalies to form the 15 deg block anomalies. A similar scheme is used for the computation of 10 deg equal area block mean free air gravity anomalies with estimates of their standard deviations. The scheme is general enough to be used for a 30 deg equal area block terrestrial gravity field.

Identification of spikes associated with local sources in continuous time series of atmospheric CO, CO2 and CH4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El Yazidi, Abdelhadi; Ramonet, Michel; Ciais, Philippe; Broquet, Gregoire; Pison, Isabelle; Abbaris, Amara; Brunner, Dominik; Conil, Sebastien; Delmotte, Marc; Gheusi, Francois; Guerin, Frederic; Hazan, Lynn; Kachroudi, Nesrine; Kouvarakis, Giorgos; Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos; Rivier, Leonard; Serça, Dominique

2018-03-01

REBS methods after the best adjustment of parameter values. At PDM, measurements made by two analyzers located 200 m from each other allow us to confirm that the CH4 spikes identified in one of the time series but not in the other correspond to a local source from a sewage treatment facility in one of the observatory buildings. From this experiment, we also found that the REBS method underestimates the number of positive anomalies in the CH4 data caused by local sewage emissions. As a conclusion, we recommend the use of the SD method, which also appears to be the easiest one to implement in automatic data processing, used for the operational filtering of spikes in greenhouse gases time series at global and regional monitoring stations of networks like that of the ICOS atmosphere network.

Paediatric-onset coronary artery anomalies in pregnancy: a single-centre experience and systematic literature review.

PubMed

Keir, Michelle; Bhagra, Catriona; Vatenmakher, Debra; Arancibia-Galilea, Francisca; Jansen, Katrijn; Toh, Norihisa; Silversides, Candice K; Colman, Jack; Siu, Samuel C; Sermer, Mathew; Crean, Andrew M; Wald, Rachel M

2017-10-01

Individuals with childhood-onset coronary artery anomalies are at increased risk of lifelong complications. Although pregnancy is thought to confer additional risk, a few data are available regarding outcomes in this group of women. We sought to define outcomes of pregnancy in this unique population. We performed a retrospective survey of women with paediatric-onset coronary anomalies and pregnancy in our institution, combined with a systematic review of published cases. We defined paediatric-onset coronary artery anomalies as congenital coronary anomalies and inflammatory arteriopathies of childhood that cause coronary aneurysms. Major cardiovascular events were defined as pulmonary oedema, sustained arrhythmia requiring treatment, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, or death. A total of 25 surveys were mailed, and 20 were returned (80% response rate). We included 46 articles from the literature, which described cardiovascular outcomes in 82 women (138 pregnancies). These data were amalgamated for a total of 102 women and 194 pregnancies; 59% of women were known to have paediatric-onset coronary artery anomalies before pregnancy. In 23%, the anomaly was unmasked during or shortly after pregnancy. The remainder, 18%, was diagnosed later in life. Major cardiovascular events occurred in 14 women (14%) and included heart failure (n=5, 5%), myocardial infarction (n=7, 7%), maternal death (n=2, 2%), cardiac arrest secondary to ventricular fibrillation (n=1, 1%), and stroke (n=1, 1%). The majority of maternal events (13/14, 93%) occurred in women with no previous diagnosis of coronary disease. Women with paediatric-onset coronary artery anomalies have a 14% risk of adverse cardiovascular events in pregnancy, indicating the need for careful assessment and close follow-up. Prospective, multicentre studies are required to better define risk and predictors of complications during pregnancy.

Observing anomalies in the deglaciation of Greenland by GRACE and GNET GPS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knudsen, Per; Khan, Shfaqat Abbas

2017-04-01

Between the start of 2003 and the middle 2013, the total mass of ice in Greenland declined at an accelerating rate, and this rate increases nearly constantly of about 24 Gt per year. Then, a dramatic reversal occurred, and almost no additional ice mass was lost in the subsequent two years. In 2015 the melting had resumed reducing the ice mass in Greenland. We use observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and a network of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to study both the decade of accelerating ice loss, and the subsequent 'pause', focusing on the space-time structure of changes in ice mass. We use a spatial basis set of spherical Legendre polynomials, and assume that the temporal variation in mass can be expressed using a 4-term Fourier series (i.e. an annual cycle) superimposed on a polynomial in time (i.e. a trend). We show that the spatial pattern of the sustained, decade-long acceleration and of the mass anomaly associated with the melt anomalies are very similar, and so manifest the footprint of the ice sheet's sensitivity to climate change at the wavelengths resolved by GRACE.

Computerized series solution of relativistic equations of motion.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Broucke, R.

1971-01-01

A method of solution of the equations of planetary motion is described. It consists of the use of numerical general perturbations in orbital elements and in rectangular coordinates. The solution is expanded in Fourier series in the mean anomaly with the aid of harmonic analysis and computerized series manipulation techniques. A detailed application to the relativistic motion of the planet Mercury is described both for Schwarzschild and isotropic coordinates.

Structure-activity relationships of substituted N-benzyl piperidines in the GBR series: Synthesis of 4-(2-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-1-(2-trifluoromethylbenzyl)piperidine, an allosteric modulator of the serotonin transporter.

PubMed

Boos, Terrence L; Greiner, Elisabeth; Calhoun, W Jason; Prisinzano, Thomas E; Nightingale, Barbara; Dersch, Christina M; Rothman, Richard B; Jacobson, Arthur E; Rice, Kenner C

2006-06-01

A series of 4-(2-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-(substituted benzyl) piperidines with substituents at the ortho and meta positions in the aromatic ring of the N-benzyl side chain were synthesized and their affinities and selectivities for the dopamine transporter (DAT), serotonin transporter (SERT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET) were determined. One analogue, 4-(2-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy)ethyl)-1-(2-trifluoromethylbenzyl)piperidine (the C(2)-trifluoromethyl substituted compound), has been found to act as an allosteric modulator of hSERT binding and function. It had little affinity for any of the transporters. Several compounds showed affinity for the DAT in the low nanomolar range and displayed a broad range of SERT/DAT selectivity ratios and very little affinity for the NET. The pharmacological tools provided by the availability of compounds with varying transporter affinity and selectivity could be used to obtain additional information about the properties a compound should have to act as a useful pharmacotherapeutic agent for cocaine addiction and help unravel the pharmacological mechanisms relevant to stimulant abuse.

Association of Dental Anomalies with Different Types of Malocclusions in Pretreatment Orthodontic Patients.

PubMed

Dwijendra, K S; Parikh, Vishal; George, Soja Sara; Kukkunuru, Gururam Tej; Chowdary, Gali Nagarjuna

2015-06-01

The study is planned to correlate the existence of dental anomalies with different types of malocclusion as the occurrence of anomalies is common in malocclusion. The present study was conducted among 430 patients with different types of malocclusion as 161 patients having Class I, 203 with Class II, and 66 with Class III malocclusion. The age of the patients ranged from 12 to 15 years. Diagnosis was done on the basis of history, clinical, cephalometric, radiographs, and dental cast examination. The level of significance was set at P = 0.05. Most common anomaly was rotation of teeth (18.80%), followed by hypodontia (10.90%), and least occurring was gemination, fusion, talon's cusp, and dilacerations. 31.4% showed one dental anomaly, whereas 11.9% exhibited two or more dental anomalies. The highest mean value of all the dental anomalies was seen with severe cases of malocclusion and also significant differences were observed according to gender. The present study investigated various dental anomalies in relation to malocclusion. It was found that 31.4% showed one dental anomaly, whereas 11.9% exhibited two or more dental anomalies. Hence, careful prior investigation of dental anomalies is necessary for better orthodontic treatment planning to reduce the complications.

76 FR 6581 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-07

... B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and Model C4-605R Variant F Airplanes (Collectively Called A300-600 Series Airplanes) AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of... design review against explosion risks. During improvement of the protection of fuel pump wiring against...

76 FR 27242 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-11

... Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and Model C4-605R Variant F Airplanes (Collectively Called A300-600 Series Airplanes) AGENCY: Federal Aviation... required to conduct a design review against explosion risks. During improvement of the protection of fuel...

Evidence for wavelike anomalies with short meridional and large zonal scales in the lower stratospheric temperature field

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stanford, J. L.; Short, D. A.

1981-01-01

Global microwave brightness temperature measurements are analyzed to investigate the range of meridional wavelengths 2000-3000 km where spectral studies reveal larger than expected variance. The data, from the TIROS-N Microwave Sounding Unit, are sensitive to lower stratospheric temperatures (30-150 mb). The results reveal striking temperature anomalies with short meridional wavelengths (2000-3000 km) and long zonal wavelengths (zonal wavenumbers 1-4). The anomalies, with amplitudes approximately 1-2 K, extend from the equatorial region to at least as high as 70 deg N and 70 deg S during January 1979. The features exhibit slow eastward movement or else are nearly stationary for several days. In the Northern Hemisphere, comparison with NMC data reveals that the strongest features tend to be associated with major jet streams.

Branchial sinus of the piriform fossa: reappraisal of third and fourth branchial anomalies.

PubMed

James, Adrian; Stewart, Craig; Warrick, Paul; Tzifa, Constance; Forte, Vito

2007-11-01

The objective of this study was to review clinical and embryologic aspects of third and fourth branchial anomalies. Retrospective study. We reviewed the institutional and departmental databases at our institution to identify all cases of third and fourth branchial anomalies encountered from 1992 to 2006. All patient records were examined with respect to demographics, clinical history, and radiologic and pathologic reports. We identified 17 cases of third and fourth branchial anomalies, the largest series of its kind reported to date. The lesions were predominantly left sided, all presenting with neck infection. Fistula formation was iatrogenic, secondary to incision and drainage. Preoperative direct laryngoscopy always revealed a pit within the apex of the piriform fossa. Surgical excision involved ipsilateral thyroidectomy as the lesion passed through the thyroid gland. No lesions following the classical course of a either a third or fourth branchial anomaly were identified. The clinical presentation of branchial sinuses arising from the piriform fossa is more in keeping with derivation from the thymopharyngeal duct (of the third pouch) than the hypothetical course of third and fourth branchial fistulae.

Exact partition functions for deformed N=2 theories with N_f=4 flavours

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beccaria, Matteo; Fachechi, Alberto; Macorini, Guido; Martina, Luigi

2016-12-01

We consider the Ω-deformed N=2 SU(2) gauge theory in four dimensions with N f = 4 massive fundamental hypermultiplets. The low energy effective action depends on the deformation parameters ɛ 1 , ɛ 2, the scalar field expectation value a, and the hypermultiplet masses m = ( m 1 , m 2 , m 3 , m 4). Motivated by recent findings in the N={2}^{*} theory, we explore the theories that are characterized by special fixed ratios ɛ 2 /ɛ 1 and m /ɛ 1 and propose a simple condition on the structure of the multi-instanton contributions to the prepotential determining the effective action. This condition determines a finite set Π N of special points such that the prepotential has N poles at fixed positions independent on the instanton number. In analogy with what happens in the N={2}^{*} gauge theory, the full prepotential of the Π N theories may be given in closed form as an explicit function of a and the modular parameter q appearing in special combinations of Eisenstein series and Jacobi theta functions with well defined modular properties. The resulting finite pole partition functions are related by AGT correspondence to special 4-point spherical conformal blocks of the Virasoro algebra. We examine in full details special cases where the closed expression of the block is known and confirms our Ansatz. We systematically study the special features of Zamolodchikov's recursion for the Π N conformal blocks. As a result, we provide a novel effective recursion relation that can be exactly solved and allows to prove the conjectured closed expressions analytically in the case of the Π1 and Π2 conformal blocks.

Evaluating interannual vegetation anomalies in the Basilicata region using satellite spot vegetation 1999-2011 time series: preliminary results from the Mitra project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lasaponara, Rosa; Desantis, Fortunato; Aromando, Angelo; Lanorte, Antonio

2013-04-01

principal component analysis (PCA) for evaluating interannual vegetation anomalies from SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI temporal series. Ecological Modelling 1 9 4 ( 2 0 0 6 ) 429-434

75 FR 60611 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-01

... Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and Model A300 C4...; Model A300 B4-601, B4- 603, B4-620, B4-622, B4-605R, B4-622R, F4-605R, F4-622R, and C4-605R Variant F...-- Dated-- A300 series airplanes......... A300-32A0447..... April 22, 2004. A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4...

Radon anomalies: When are they possible to be detected?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Passarelli, Luigi; Woith, Heiko; Seyis, Cemil; Nikkhoo, Mehdi; Donner, Reik

2017-04-01

Records of the Radon noble gas in different environments like soil, air, groundwater, rock, caves, and tunnels, typically display cyclic variations including diurnal (S1), semidiurnal (S2) and seasonal components. But there are also cases where theses cycles are absent. Interestingly, radon emission can also be affected by transient processes, which inhibit or enhance the radon carrying process at the surface. This results in transient changes in the radon emission rate, which are superimposed on the low and high frequency cycles. The complexity in the spectral contents of the radon time-series makes any statistical analysis aiming at understanding the physical driving processes a challenging task. In the past decades there have been several attempts to relate changes in radon emission rate with physical triggering processes such as earthquake occurrence. One of the problems in this type of investigation is to objectively detect anomalies in the radon time-series. In the present work, we propose a simple and objective statistical method for detecting changes in the radon emission rate time-series. The method uses non-parametric statistical tests (e.g., Kolmogorov-Smirnov) to compare empirical distributions of radon emission rate by sequentially applying various time window to the time-series. The statistical test indicates whether two empirical distributions of data originate from the same distribution at a desired significance level. We test the algorithm on synthetic data in order to explore the sensitivity of the statistical test to the sample size. We successively apply the test to six radon emission rate recordings from stations located around the Marmara Sea obtained within the MARsite project (MARsite has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 308417). We conclude that the test performs relatively well on identify transient changes in the radon emission

31 CFR 359.4 - In what form are Series I savings bonds issued?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BUREAU OF THE PUBLIC DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES I General Information § 359.4 In what form are Series I savings bonds issued? Series...

Simultaneous Surgical Treatment of Congenital Spinal Deformity Associated with Intraspinal Anomalies.

PubMed

Singrakhia, Manoj; Malewar, Nikhil; Deshmukh, Sonal; Deshmukh, Shivaji

2018-06-01

Prospective case series. To study the safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes of single-stage surgical intervention for congenital spinal deformity and intraspinal anomalies. Congenital spinal deformities associated with intraspinal anomalies are usually treated sequentially, first by treating the intraspinal anomalies followed by deformity correction after a period of 3-6 months. Recently, a single-stage approach has been reported to show better postoperative results and reduced complication rates. Thirty patients (23 females and seven males) were prospectively evaluated for the simultaneous surgical treatment of congenital spinal deformity with concurrent intraspinal anomalies from May 2006 to October 2016. The average age at presentation was 9.8±3.7 years, with the average follow-up duration being 49.06±8.6 months. Clinical records were evaluated for clinical, radiological, perioperative, and postoperative data. The average angle of deformity was 56.53°±25.22° preoperatively, 21.13°±14.34° postoperatively, and 23.93°±14.99° at the final follow-up. The average surgical time was 232.58±53.56 minutes (range, 100-330 minutes), with a mean blood loss of 1,587.09±439.09 mL (range, 100-2,300 mL). Single stage surgical intervention for intraspinal anomalies with congenital spinal deformity correction, including adequate intra-operative wake-up test, is a viable option in appropriately selected patients and has minimum complication rates.

Limb anomalies in DiGeorge and CHARGE syndromes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prasad, C.; Quackenbush, E.J.; Whiteman, D.

1997-01-20

Limb anomalies are not common in the DiGeorge or CHARGE syndromes. We describe limb anomalies in two children, one with DiGeorge and the other with CHARGE syndrome. Our first patient had a bifid left thumb, Tetralogy of Fallot, absent thymus, right facial palsy, and a reduced number of T-cells. A deletion of 22q11 was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The second patient, with CHARGE syndrome, had asymmetric findings that included right fifth finger clinodactyly, camptodactyly, tibial hemimelia and dimpling, and severe club-foot. The expanded spectrum of the DiGeorge and CHARGE syndromes includes limb anomalies. 14 refs., 4 figs.

Thyroidal abscesses in third and fourth branchial anomalies: not only a paediatric diagnosis.

PubMed

Kruijff, Schelto; Sywak, Mark S; Sidhu, Stan B; Shun, Albert; Novakovic, Daniel; Lee, James C; Delbridge, Leigh W

2015-01-01

Acute suppurative thyroiditis and recurrent abscess formation due to third and fourth branchial anomalies typically present in children. However, thyroid abscesses in branchial anomalies may occur in adulthood as well. Failure to recognize and delayed drainage of a neck abscess may lead to a fulminant life-threatening outcome. This is a retrospective case series. The study group comprised all patients presenting over a 12-month period from January to December 2012 with thyroid abscesses and a branchial cleft anomaly in two centres, one adult and the other paediatric. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, imaging, surgical management, definitive histology and outcomes were documented. Five patients were identified with a history of thyroid abscesses. Only one was a child (aged 9 years) with the other four being adults (aged 20, 34, 37 and 41 years). All patients had third or fourth left branchial cleft anomalies, presenting as suppurative thyroiditis with a left-sided thyroid abscess. Management options ranged from abscess drainage on initial presentation, primary thyroid lobectomy or delayed thyroid lobectomy following abscess drainage. Acute suppurative thyroidits and thyroid abscesses is not just a paediatric diagnosis but may present at any age. In both children and adults, a thyroid abscess almost always arises from branchial cleft anomalies. © 2014 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.

Large anisotropic thermoelectricity in perovskite related layered structure: SrnNbnO3n+2 (n = 4,5)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakai, Akihiro; Takahashi, Kouhei; Kanno, Tsutomu; Adachi, Hideaki

2011-05-01

We have systematically synthesized a series of perovskite related layered structures, Strontium-Niobates expressed as SrnNbnO3n+2 (n = 4 ~ 5) and focused on the thermoelectricity in n = 4 and 5 type materials here. To explore their thermoelectricities and anisotropic properties, we have measured the thermal and charge transport properties along all crystallographic axes. The values of thermoelectric parameters were strongly anisotropic and there exists a large anisotropy even in in-plane direction of the layered structure. As a result, the best performance of thermoelectricity is commonly observed in the a-axis. The respective ZT for Sr1.8La0.2Nb2O7 and Sr5Nb5O17 at room temperature is 3.5×10-2 and 3.6×10-3.

An Updated Global Grid Point Surface Air Temperature Anomaly Data Set: 1851-1990 (revised 1991) (NDP-020)

DOE Data Explorer

Jones, P. D. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Raper, S. C.B. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Cherry, B. S.G. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Goodess, C. M. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Wigley, T. M. L. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Santer, B. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Kelly, P. M. [University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom; Bradley, R. S. [University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts (USA); Diaz, H. F. [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Environmental Research Laboratories, Boulder, CO (United States).

1991-01-01

This NDP presents land-based monthly surface-air-temperature anomalies (departures from a 1951-1970 reference period mean) on a 5° latitude by 10° longitude global grid. Monthly surface-air-temperature anomalies (departures from a 1957-1975 reference period mean) for the Antarctic (grid points from 65°S to 85°S) are presented in a similar way as a separate data set. The data were derived primarily from the World Weather Records and from the archives of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office. This long-term record of temperature anomalies may be used in studies addressing possible greenhouse-gas-induced climate changes. To date, the data have been employed in producing regional, hemispheric, and global time series for determining whether recent (i.e., post-1900) warming trends have taken place. The present updated version of this data set is identical to the earlier version for all records from 1851-1978 except for the addition of the Antarctic surface-air-temperature anomalies beginning in 1957. Beginning with the 1979 data, this package differs from the earlier version in several ways. Erroneous data for some sites have been corrected after a review of the actual station temperature data, and inconsistencies in the representation of missing values have been removed. For some grid locations, data have been added from stations that had not contributed to the original set. Data from satellites have also been used to correct station records where large discrepancies were evident. The present package also extends the record by adding monthly surface-air-temperature anomalies for the Northern (grid points from 85°N to 0°) and Southern (grid points from 5°S to 60°S) Hemispheres for 1985-1990. In addition, this updated package presents the monthly-mean-temperature records for the individual stations that were used to produce the set of gridded anomalies. The periods of record vary by station. Northern Hemisphere data have been corrected for inhomogeneities

Net discharge anomalies drive uncertainty in catch in the world's largest inland fishery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sabo, J. L.

2013-12-01

The Mekong River is one of the world's largest rivers at more than 4,600 km long and a watershed of nearly 800,000 km2. The Tonle Sap Lake (TSL) in Cambodia is believed to be one of the most productive inland fisheries in the world because of its unique hydrologic regime and large input of nutrient-rich sediment from the Mekong. The TSL is the cornerstone of food security in Cambodia yielding ~ 15% of the estimated 2.6M tonne catch in the Mekong basin and providing key nursery habitat for fishes that constitute the catch in other parts of the basin. The TSL fishery is driven by a flood pulse that occurs during and after the SE Asian Monsoon. The timing, duration and magnitude of the monsoon is thought to be a key driver of primary and secondary (fish) production in the system. All three-timing, duration and magnitude--are likely to be different under future climate and as a result of the proposed and recently constructed dams on tributaries in Vietnam and elsewhere. Here I use spectral methods to characterize the timing and magnitude of the flood pulse. Specifically, I use the Discrete Fast Fourier Transform (DFFT) to estimate the seasonal trend in daily discharge for the past 40 years at the Stung Treng gage. The whitened time series represent departures from the long term trend--anomalies--and hence implicitly capture the timing of unusual events. I hypothesize that 'timing is everything' and hence that anomalies will capture variation in the second moment of the fishery. Using a novel metric--the net annual discharge anomaly--I show that catch is significantly more variable in years with net negative flow anomalies; and quite predictable in years with net positive flow anomalies. These results suggest that changes in timing of monsoon flows alone--due to climate change or dams--can significantly increase the uncertainty in catch of a fishery that is vital for food security in the Mekong basin.

Impact of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus on congenital anomalies, Canada, 2002–2012

PubMed Central

Liu, S.; Rouleau, J.; León, J. A.; Sauve, R.; Joseph, K. S.; Ray, J. G.; System, Canadian Perinatal Surveillance

2015-01-01

Abstract Objective: To examine the impact of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus (DM) on the population birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in Canada. Methods: We carried out a population-based study of all women who delivered in Canadian hospitals (except those in the province of Quebec) between April 2002 and March 2013 and their live-born infants with a birth weight of 500 grams or more and/or a gestational age of 22 weeks or more. Pre-pregnancy type 1 or type 2 DM was identified using ICD-10 diagnostic codes. The association between DM and all congenital anomalies as well as specific congenital anomaly categories was estimated using adjusted odds ratios; the impact was calculated as a population attributable risk percent (PAR%). Results: There were 118 892 infants with a congenital anomaly among 2 839 680 live births (41.9 per 1000). While the prevalence of any congenital anomaly declined from 50.7 per 1000 live births in 2002/03 to 41.5 per 1000 in 2012/13, the corresponding PAR% for a congenital anomaly related to pre-pregnancy DM rose from 0.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4–0.8) to 1.2% (95% CI: 0.9–1.4). Specifically, the PAR% for congenital cardiovascular defects increased from 2.3% (95% CI: 1.7–2.9) to 4.2% (95% CI: 3.5–4.9) and for gastrointestinal defects from 0.8% (95% CI: 0.2–1.9) to 1.4% (95% CI: 0.7–2.6) over the study period. Conclusion: Although there has been a relative decline in the prevalence of congenital anomalies in Canada, the proportion of congenital anomalies due to maternal pre-pregnancy DM has increased. Enhancement of preconception care initiatives for women with DM is recommended. PMID:26186019

Gerbes, M5-Brane Anomalies and E8 Gauge Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aschieri, Paolo; Jurco, Branislav

2004-10-01

Abelian gerbes and twisted bundles describe the topology of the NS 3-form gauge field strength H. We review how they have been usefully applied to study and resolve global anomalies in open string theory. Abelian 2-gerbes and twisted nonabelian gerbes describe the topology of the 4-form field strength G of M-theory. We show that twisted nonabelian gerbes are relevant in the study and resolution of global anomalies of multiple coinciding M5-branes. Global anomalies for one M5-brane have been studied by Witten and by Diaconescu, Freed and Moore. The structure and the differential geometry of twisted nonabelian gerbes (i.e. modules for 2-gerbes) is defined and studied. The nonabelian 2-form gauge potential living on multiple coinciding M5-branes arises as curving (curvature) of twisted nonabelian gerbes. The nonabelian group is in general tilde OmegaE8, the central extension of the E8 loop group. The twist is in general necessary to cancel global anomalies due to the nontriviality of the 11-dimensional 4-form field strength G and due to the possible torsion present in the cycles the M5-branes wrap. Our description of M5-branes global anomalies leads to the D4-branes one upon compactification of M-theory to Type IIA theory.

Magnitude Anomalies and Propagation of Local Phases

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-31

PORTMSI 27 rue Claude Bernard 75005 PARIS - FRANCE AP()R h- ’,*174 2. SPOOSOtGINMONITAJNG AGENCY NAME(S) AND AOORIS,4ES) 1.SPONSONG/MOWTOFMG AFOSR DTBLDG...200SWJ There are three main parts in this report: - a study of magnitude anomalies in French Polynesia. A first approach gives an anomaly per station...which is roughly a function of a’zimuth valid for all French Polynesia plus a station’s constant. A more detailed study shows the influence of local

Process fault detection and nonlinear time series analysis for anomaly detection in safeguards

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burr, T.L.; Mullen, M.F.; Wangen, L.E.

In this paper we discuss two advanced techniques, process fault detection and nonlinear time series analysis, and apply them to the analysis of vector-valued and single-valued time-series data. We investigate model-based process fault detection methods for analyzing simulated, multivariate, time-series data from a three-tank system. The model-predictions are compared with simulated measurements of the same variables to form residual vectors that are tested for the presence of faults (possible diversions in safeguards terminology). We evaluate two methods, testing all individual residuals with a univariate z-score and testing all variables simultaneously with the Mahalanobis distance, for their ability to detect lossmore » of material from two different leak scenarios from the three-tank system: a leak without and with replacement of the lost volume. Nonlinear time-series analysis tools were compared with the linear methods popularized by Box and Jenkins. We compare prediction results using three nonlinear and two linear modeling methods on each of six simulated time series: two nonlinear and four linear. The nonlinear methods performed better at predicting the nonlinear time series and did as well as the linear methods at predicting the linear values.« less

Use of Special Education Services among Children With and without Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hamrick, Shannon E. G.; Strickland, Matthew J.; Shapira, Stuart K.; Autry, Andrew; Schendel, Diana

2010-01-01

Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between congenital gastrointestinal anomalies requiring neonatal surgery and neurodevelopmental outcome. Among the children born in metropolitan Atlanta during 1982-2001 who survived to age 1 year (N = 762,824), we identified children with congenital gastrointestinal anomalies via linkage with the…

Dental anomalies associated with cleft lip and palate in Northern Finland.

PubMed

Lehtonen, V; Anttonen, V; Ylikontiola, L P; Koskinen, S; Pesonen, P; Sándor, G K

2015-12-01

Despite the reported occurrence of dental anomalies of cleft lip and palate, little is known about their prevalence in children from Northern Finland with cleft lip and palate. The aim was to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies among patients with different types of clefts in Northern Finland. Design and Statistics: patient records of 139 subjects aged three years and older (with clefts treated in Oulu University Hospital, Finland during the period 1996-2010 (total n. 183) were analysed for dental anomalies including the number of teeth, morphological and developmental anomalies and their association with the cleft type. The analyses were carried out using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Differences between the groups were considered statistically significant at p values < 0.05. More than half of the patients had clefts of the hard palate, 18% of the lip and palate, and 13% of the lip. At least one dental anomaly was detected in 47% of the study population. Almost one in three (26.6%) subjects had at least one anomaly and 17.9% had two or three anomalies. The most common type of anomaly in permanent teeth were missing teeth followed by supernumerary teeth. Supernumerary teeth were significantly more apparent when the lip was involved in the cleft compared with palatal clefts. Missing teeth were less prevalent among those 5 years or younger. The prevalence of different anomalies was significantly associated with the cleft type in both age groups. Dental anomalies are more prevalent among cleft children than in the general population in Finland. The most prevalent anomalies associated with cleft were missing and supernumerary teeth.

Lymphatic Anomalies Registry

ClinicalTrials.gov

2018-01-23

Lymphatic Malformation; Generalized Lymphatic Anomaly (GLA); Central Conducting Lymphatic Anomaly; CLOVES Syndrome; Gorham-Stout Disease ("Disappearing Bone Disease"); Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome; Kaposiform Lymphangiomatosis; Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma/Tufted Angioma; Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome; Lymphangiomatosis

Volcanic activity and satellite-detected thermal anomalies at Central American volcanoes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoiber, R. E. (Principal Investigator); Rose, W. I., Jr.

1973-01-01

The author has identified the following significant results. A large nuee ardente eruption occurred at Santiaguito volcano, within the test area on 16 September 1973. Through a system of local observers, the eruption has been described, reported to the international scientific community, extent of affected area mapped, and the new ash sampled. A more extensive report on this event will be prepared. The eruption is an excellent example of the kind of volcanic situation in which satellite thermal imagery might be useful. The Santiaguito dome is a complex mass with a whole series of historically active vents. It's location makes access difficult, yet its activity is of great concern to large agricultural populations who live downslope. Santiaguito has produced a number of large eruptions with little apparent warning. In the earlier ground survey large thermal anomalies were identified at Santiaguito. There is no way of knowing whether satellite monitoring could have detected changes in thermal anomaly patterns related to this recent event, but the position of thermal anomalies on Santiaguito and any changes in their character would be relevant information.

Metabolism and disposition of a novel antineoplastic JS-38 (Benzamide, N-[4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1,2-dithiolo[4,3-b]pyrrol-6-yl]-3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)-(9Cl)) in rats.

PubMed

Zhang, Hong; Liu, Quanhai; Fan, Tingting; Fang, Yu; Li, Ying; Wang, Guoping

2012-03-01

The metabolism and catabolism of a novel antineoplastic (ID code JS-38),Benzamide, N-[4-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1,2-dithiolo[4,3-b]pyrrol-6-yl]-3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)-(9Cl), were investigated in Wistar rats (3 female, 3 male). LC/UV, LC/MS, LC/MS/MS, NMR and acid hydrolysis methods showed that the metabolic process of JS-38 consists of a series of acetylation and glucoronation that form a metabolic product with a unique pharmacologic property of accelerating bone-marrow cell formation, and also showed a novel metabolic pathway of being acetylated and glucuronated in series.

Analysis of genitourinary anomalies in patients with VACTERL (Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Cardiac malformations, Tracheo-Esophageal fistula, Renal anomalies, Limb abnormalities) association.

PubMed

Solomon, Benjamin D; Raam, Manu S; Pineda-Alvarez, Daniel E

2011-06-01

The goal of this study was to describe a novel pattern of genitourinary (GU) anomalies in VACTERL association,which involves congenital anomalies affecting the vertebrae,anus, heart, trachea and esophagus, kidneys, and limbs.We collected clinical data on 105 patients diagnosed with VACTERL association and analyzed a subset of 89 patients who met more stringent inclusion criteria. Twenty-one percent of patients have GU anomalies, which are more severe (but not more frequent) in females. Anomalies were noted in patients without malformations affecting the renal, lower vertebral, or lower gastrointestinal systems. There should be a high index of suspicion for the presence of GU anomalies even in patients who do not have spatially similar malformations.

Atomic data of intermediate autoionzing Rydberg series nf[K]J (n = 4, 5), nd[K]J (n = 5, 6), np[K]J (n = 6, 7) and ns[K]J (n = 7, 8) of neutral argon atom in the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock framework

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hassouneh, Ola; Salah, Wa'el

2017-07-01

We report the results of an accurate computation of the energy levels, oscillator strengths f_{ij}, the radiative transition rates A_{ij}, the Landé g-factor, the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole hyperfine constants of the intermediate Rydberg series nf[K]J (n = 4, 5), nd[K]J (n = 5, 6), np[K]J (n = 6, 7) and ns[K]J (n = 7, 8) relative to the ground state 3p6 1S0 for neutral argon atom spectra based on the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) approach. In this approach, the quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects with transverse photon Breit interaction and vacuum photon polarization self-energy corrections are included. Moreover, the perturbation due to the core-polarization and electron correlation effects are taken into account. We also reported the oscillator strengths and transition rates in Coulomb and Babushkin gauges for the 3p5(2P)3d-3p5(2P)4f, 3p5(2P)3d-3p5(2P)5f, 3p5(2P)4d-3p5(2P)4f, 3p5(2P)4d-3p5(2P)5f, 3p5(2P)5d-3p5(2P)4f, 3p5(2P)5d-3p5(2P)5f, 3p5(2P)6d-3p5(2P)4f and 3p5(2P)6d-3p5(2P)5f transition arrays as well as the 3p5(2P)5d-3p5(2P)6p, 3p5(2P)7s-3p5(2P)6p, 3p5(2P)7s-3p5(2P)7p and 3p5(2P)8s-3p5(2P)7p transition arrays. Insofar as experimental or theoretical values by other authors exist, comparison is made with those values; it turns out that, for most of the levels, a rather satisfying agreement with these experimental and theoretical results is obtained, thus confirming the reliability of our data.

Aortic dilatation in patients with Turner's syndrome without structural cardiac anomaly.

PubMed

Alami Laroussi, Nassiba; Dahdah, Nagib; Dallaire, Frédéric; Thérien, Johanne; Fournier, Anne

2016-03-01

Dilatation of the ascending aorta is described in Turner's syndrome with variable prevalence (6.8-32%). Reported series typically include patients with associated cardiac anomalies. To characterise the prevalence, age of onset, and the progress of dilatation of the ascending aorta in Turner's syndrome patients free of structural cardiac anomalies. Potential risk factors such as karyotype and growth hormone therapy were analysed for correlation with aortic dilatation. We carried out a retrospective study with data collected from medical records and echocardiography studies. Patients with Tuner's syndrome followed-up between 1992 and 2010 with at least two echocardiography studies were eligible. Patients with previous cardiac surgery or under anti-hypertensive medication were excluded. Ascending aorta diameter measurements were adjusted for body surface area, and dilatation was defined as Z-score>2. The study population consisted of 44 patients, aged 11.9±7.4 years at the first echocardiogram and 17.9±7.3 years at the last follow-up, with a follow-up duration of 6.0±3.7 years. A total of 13 (29.5%) patients exhibited aortic dilatation during follow-up, suggesting an actuarial estimate of the freedom from aortic dilatation dropping from 86 to 70% and then to 37% at 10, 20, and 30 years of age, respectively. There was no statistically significant impact of karyotype or growth hormone therapy on aortic Z-score progression. The prevalence of dilatation of the ascending aorta in Turner's syndrome patients free of structural aortic anomalies is comparable with published data with associated lesions. Growth hormone therapy and karyotype had no significant impact; however, longitudinal follow-up is warranted.

Mechanistic Studies of para-Substituted N,N'-Dibenzyl-1,4-diaminobutanes as Substrates for a Mammalian Polyamine Oxidase

PubMed Central

Pozzi, Michelle Henderson; Gawandi, Vijay; Fitzpatrick, Paul F.

2009-01-01

The kinetics of oxidation of a series of para-substituted N, N'-dibenzyl-1,4-diaminobutanes by the flavoprotein polyamine oxidase from mouse have been determined to gain insight into the mechanism of amine oxidation by this member of the monoamine oxidase structural family. The kcat/Km values are maximal at pH 9, consistent with the singly charged substrate being the active form. The rate constant for flavin reduction, kred, by N,N'-dibenzyl-1,4-diaminobutane decreases about 5-fold below a pKa of ~8; this is attributed to the need for a neutral nitrogen at the site of oxidation. The kred and kcat values are comparable for each of the N, N'-dibenzyl-1,4-diaminobutanes, consistent with rate-limiting reduction. The deuterium kinetic isotope effects on kred and kcat are identical for each of the N, N'-dibenzyl-1,4-diaminobutanes, consistent with rate-limiting cleavage of the substrate CH bond. The kred values for seven different para-substituted N, N'-dibenzyl-1,4-diaminobutanes correlate with a combination of the van der Waals volume and σ value of the substrates, with ρ values of −0.59 at pH 8.6 and −0.09 at pH 6.6. These results are consistent with direct transfer of a hydride from the neutral CN bond of the substrate to the flavin as the mechanism of polyamine oxidase. PMID:19911805

Sources of Meridional Heat and Freshwater Transport Anomalies in the Atlantic Ocean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kelly, K. A.; Thompson, L.; Drushka, K.

2016-02-01

Observations of thermosteric and halosteric sea level from hydrographic data, ocean mass from GRACE and altimetric sea surface height are used to infer meridional heat transport (MHT) and freshwater convergence (FWC) anomalies for the Atlantic Ocean for 1993-2014. A Kalman filter extracts smooth estimates of heat transport convergence (HTC) and FWC from discrepancies between the sea level response to monthly surface heat and freshwater fluxes and observed heat and freshwater content in each of eight regions. Estimates of MHT anomalies are derived by summing the HTC from north to south and adding an integration constant derived from updated MHT estimates at 41N (Willis 2010). MHT estimates are relatively insensitive to the choice of heat flux products and are highly coherent spatially. Anomalies in MHT are comparable to those observed at the RAPID/MOCHA line at 26.5N and show a continued recovery from the minimum in 2010 throughout the Atlantic. MHT anomalies resemble estimates of Agulhas Leakage derived from altimeter (LeBars et al 2014) suggesting that the Indian Ocean is the source of the anomalous heat inflow. FWC estimates are also insensitive to choice of flux products. Interannual anomalies of FWC integrated from 67N to 35S resemble estimates of Atlantic river inflow (de Couet and Maurer, GRDC 2009), whereas the trend is consistent with estimates of freshwater input from Greenland. Increasing values of FWC after 2002 at a time when MHT was decreasing may indicate a feedback between the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and FWC that would accelerate the AMOC slowdown.

40 CFR 721.1085 - Benzenamine,4,4′-methylenebis[N-ethyl-N-methyl-.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Benzenamine,4,4â²-methylenebis[N-ethyl-N-methyl-. 721.1085 Section 721.1085 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... Specific Chemical Substances § 721.1085 Benzenamine,4,4′-methylenebis[N-ethyl-N-methyl-. (a) Chemical...

40 CFR 721.1085 - Benzenamine,4,4′-methylenebis[N-ethyl-N-methyl-.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Benzenamine,4,4â²-methylenebis[N-ethyl-N-methyl-. 721.1085 Section 721.1085 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY... Specific Chemical Substances § 721.1085 Benzenamine,4,4′-methylenebis[N-ethyl-N-methyl-. (a) Chemical...

Müllerian duct anomalies diagnosed by saline contrast sonohysterography: prevalence in a general population.

PubMed

Dreisler, Eva; Stampe Sørensen, Søren

2014-08-01

To estimate the prevalence of uterine müllerian duct anomalies in a general population. Cross-sectional study. University hospital in collaboration with the Danish Civil Registry. A total of 1,654 women randomly recruited from a general population; 686 women were eligible and accepted inclusion (429 pre- and 257 postmenopausal). Saline contrast sonohysterography (SCSH) was finally performed in 622 women (aged 20-74 years) (the procedure was impossible owing to cervical stenosis in 58, contraindicated in 2, other patient-related factors in 4). The shape of the uterus was dynamically evaluated in the transversal and longitudinal planes during SCSH and classified in accordance with American Fertility Society as normal, arcuate, septate (partial, complete), bicorn (partial, complete), or unicorn. History of previous miscarriage and menstrual cycle was obtained by a questionnaire. Prevalence of müllerian anomalies, miscarriage, and oligomenorrhea. The overall prevalence of müllerian anomalies was 9.8% (61 of 622) (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.5-12.1). The majority had arcuate uteri (n=42, 6.8%), 17 partial septate (2.7%), 1 complete septate (1.6%), and 1 unicorn uterus (1.6%). Müllerian anomalies were significantly more frequently diagnosed in nulliparous (20% [26 of 128]) compared with parous women (7% [35 of 494]). Müllerian anomalies were more frequent in women with oligomenorrhea compared with women with normal menstrual periods (19% [15 of 79] vs. 10% [34 of 339]). One first-trimester miscarriage or multiple miscarriages (more than one) were not significantly more frequent in premenopausal women with müllerian anomalies compared with women with normal-shaped uteri (24% [6 of 25] vs. 22% [57 of 265]). In a general population examined by SCSH the prevalence of Müllerian anomalies is estimated at 9.8%. Müllerian anomalies were more frequent in nulliparous women. Both impaired fertility and a pregnancy-associated modulation of the uterine corpus are among

Brane boxes, anomalies, bending, and tadpoles

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Leigh, R.G.; Rozali, M.

1999-01-01

Certain classes of chiral four-dimensional gauge theories may be obtained as the world volume theories of D5-branes are suspended between networks of NS5-branes, the so-called brane box models. In this paper, we derive the stringy consistency conditions placed on these models, and show that they are equivalent to an anomaly cancellation of the gauge theories. We derive these conditions in the orbifold theories which are {ital T} dual to the elliptic brane box models. Specifically, we show that the expression for tadpoles for unphysical twisted Ramond-Ramond 4-form fields in the orbifold theory are proportional to the gauge anomalies of themore » brane box theory. Thus string consistency is equivalent to world volume gauge anomaly cancellation. Furthermore, we find additional cylinder amplitudes which give the {beta} functions of the gauge theory. We show how these correspond to bending of the NS-branes in the brane box theory. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}« less

Analysis of genitourinary anomalies in patients with VACTERL (Vertebral anomalies, Anal atresia, Cardiac malformations, Tracheo-Esophageal fistula, Renal anomalies, Limb abnormalities) association

PubMed Central

Solomon, Benjamin D.; Raam, Manu S.; Pineda-Alvarez, Daniel E.

2010-01-01

Purpose The goal of this study was to describe a novel pattern of genitourinary (GU) anomalies in VACTERL association, which involves congenital anomalies affecting the vertebrae, anus, heart, trachea and esophagus, kidneys, and limbs. Procedures We collected clinical data on 105 patients diagnosed with VACTERL association and analyzed a subset of 89 patients who met more stringent inclusion criteria. Findings Twenty-one percent of patients have GU anomalies, which are more severe (but not more frequent) in females. Anomalies were noted in patients without malformations affecting the renal, lower vertebral, or lower gastrointestinal systems. Conclusions There should be a high index of suspicion for the presence of GU anomalies even in patient who do not have spatially similar malformations. PMID:21235632

Clinical evaluation of nonsyndromic dental anomalies in Dravidian population: A cluster sample analysis.

PubMed

Yamunadevi, Andamuthu; Selvamani, M; Vinitha, V; Srivandhana, R; Balakrithiga, M; Prabhu, S; Ganapathy, N

2015-08-01

To record the prevalence rate of dental anomalies in Dravidian population and analyze the percentage of individual anomalies in the population. A cluster sample analysis was done, where 244 subjects studying in a dental institution were all included and analyzed for occurrence of dental anomalies by clinical examination, excluding third molars from analysis. 31.55% of the study subjects had dental anomalies and shape anomalies were more prevalent (22.1%), followed by size (8.6%), number (3.2%) and position anomalies (0.4%). Retained deciduous was seen in 1.63%. Among the individual anomalies, Talon's cusp (TC) was seen predominantly (14.34%), followed by microdontia (6.6%) and supernumerary cusps (5.73%). Prevalence rate of dental anomalies in the Dravidian population is 31.55% in the present study, exclusive of third molars. Shape anomalies are more common, and TC is the most commonly noted anomaly. Varying prevalence rate is reported in different geographical regions of the world.

Increased frequency of severe major anomalies in children conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

PubMed

Sanchez-Albisua, I; Borell-Kost, S; Mau-Holzmann, U A; Licht, P; Krägeloh-Mann, I

2007-02-01

The neurodevelopmental outcome of children born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is controversial. We compared the medical and developmental outcome of 34 singletons born after ICSI (20 males, 14 females; mean ages of 18 mo and 40 mo [SD 9 mo]; range 2 y 10 mo-4 y 8 mo) with 39 case control studies (21 males, 18 females; mean ages of 18 mo and 40 mo [SD 4 mo]; range 3 y-4 y 1 mo). Each child was assessed physically and tested in three development domains (fine motor, gross motor, and language). Five children born after ICSI versus two control children (p=0.2) had major congenital anomalies (MaCAs). Four children born after ICSI versus no control children had severe MaCAs (p=0.04). These were defined as having a significant impact on development or causing chronic disease: Angelman syndrome (n=1), lissencephaly (n=1), Hanhart syndrome (n=1), and persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia of infancy (n=1). Karyotyping in 23 children born after ICSI revealed no abnormalities. An imprinting defect was found in the child with Angelman syndrome. Results of developmental assessment were in all cases normal at the age of 18 months except for the three children with Angelman and Hanhart syndromes, and lissencephaly. At the second assessment, five more children born after ICSI and four control children showed abnormalities in one or more developmental domains. We conclude that there seems to be a higher frequency of severe major anomalies in children born after ICSI. An increased risk for imprinting defects cannot be excluded. If we exclude children with severe MaCAs, the incidence of an abnormal somatic or neurodevelopmental outcome in the fourth year of life in children born after ICSI is similar to that of spontaneously conceived children.

MAGSAT anomaly map and continental drift

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lemouel, J. L. (Principal Investigator); Galdeano, A.; Ducruix, J.

1981-01-01

Anomaly maps of high quality are needed to display unambiguously the so called long wave length anomalies. The anomalies were analyzed in terms of continental drift and the nature of their sources is discussed. The map presented confirms the thinness of the oceanic magnetized layer. Continental magnetic anomalies are characterized by elongated structures generally of east-west trend. Paleomagnetic reconstruction shows that the anomalies found in India, Australia, and Antarctic exhibit a fair consistency with the African anomalies. It is also shown that anomalies are locked under the continents and have a fixed geometry.

A Second-Order Phase Transition as a Limit of the First-Order Phase Transitions —Coherent Anomalies and Critical Phenomena in the Potts Models—

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katori, Makoto

1988-12-01

A new scheme of the coherent-anomaly method (CAM) is proposed to study critical phenomena in the models for which a mean-field description gives spurious first-order phase transition. A canonical series of mean-field-type approximations are constructed so that the spurious discontinuity should vanish asymptotically as the approximate critical temperature approachs the true value. The true value of the critical exponents β and γ are related to the coherent-anomaly exponents defined among the classical approximations. The formulation is demonstrated in the two-dimensional q-state Potts models for q{=}3 and 4. The result shows that the present method enables us to estimate the critical exponents with high accuracy by using the date of the cluster-mean-field approximations.

[Rare umbilical anomalies].

PubMed

Kysucan, J; Malý, T; Neoral, C

2010-12-01

Umbilicus is a scar, which is the place of the previous merger of the fetus with the umbilical cord. After birth, it has no known function, however, unless the umbilical annulus is completely closed, umbilical hernia may occur. Umbilical scar is also an area where may occur a number of anomalies that may be present alone or together with umbilical hernia. Failure of involution leads to persistence of omphalomesenteric duct and urachal remnants. These embryonic remnants may cause more or less significant clinical problems, or may be completely asymptomatic and may be diagnosed at random. The authors present their own group of patients who were diagnosed and dealt with the defect omphalomesenteric duct or urachus. In past 7 years we observed 35 children with these abnormalities. A large group of patients represents incidental findings during elective surgery for umbilical hernia. Another large group are patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic Meckel's diverticulum. The anatomical observations, clinical manifestations, complications and treatment of these anomalies are mentioned. A total of 35 children were found with these birth defects. In 23 cases we observed omphalomesenteric duct disorders and 12 urachal remnants were reported. Of these, 12 abnormalities were found incidentally during elative procedure for umbilical hernia. Asymptomatic or symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum appeared in 16 cases. Surgical treatment included resection or exstirpation, if urachal anomaly was accompanied then partial resection of the bladder vertex was added. Postoperative complications emerged in 4 cases, three times it was ileus from adhesions 6 months after surgery, once postoperative cystitis appeared and was treated conservatively. Birth abnormalities of the umbilicus are relatively rare diseases that may occur in the pediatric population. Omfalomesenteric duct and urachal anomalies constitute a major group of these congenital disorders and are often associated with umbilical

An updated global grid point surface air temperature anomaly data set: 1851--1990

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sepanski, R.J.; Boden, T.A.; Daniels, R.C.

1991-10-01

This document presents land-based monthly surface air temperature anomalies (departures from a 1951--1970 reference period mean) on a 5{degree} latitude by 10{degree} longitude global grid. Monthly surface air temperature anomalies (departures from a 1957--1975 reference period mean) for the Antarctic (grid points from 65{degree}S to 85{degree}S) are presented in a similar way as a separate data set. The data were derived primarily from the World Weather Records and the archives of the United Kingdom Meteorological Office. This long-term record of temperature anomalies may be used in studies addressing possible greenhouse-gas-induced climate changes. To date, the data have been employed inmore » generating regional, hemispheric, and global time series for determining whether recent (i.e., post-1900) warming trends have taken place. This document also presents the monthly mean temperature records for the individual stations that were used to generate the set of gridded anomalies. The periods of record vary by station. Northern Hemisphere station data have been corrected for inhomogeneities, while Southern Hemisphere data are presented in uncorrected form. 14 refs., 11 figs., 10 tabs.« less

Simultaneous Surgical Treatment of Congenital Spinal Deformity Associated with Intraspinal Anomalies

PubMed Central

Singrakhia, Manoj; Malewar, Nikhil; Deshmukh, Sonal; Deshmukh, Shivaji

2018-01-01

Study Design Prospective case series. Purpose To study the safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes of single-stage surgical intervention for congenital spinal deformity and intraspinal anomalies. Overview of literature Congenital spinal deformities associated with intraspinal anomalies are usually treated sequentially, first by treating the intraspinal anomalies followed by deformity correction after a period of 3–6 months. Recently, a single-stage approach has been reported to show better postoperative results and reduced complication rates. Methods Thirty patients (23 females and seven males) were prospectively evaluated for the simultaneous surgical treatment of congenital spinal deformity with concurrent intraspinal anomalies from May 2006 to October 2016. The average age at presentation was 9.8±3.7 years, with the average follow-up duration being 49.06±8.6 months. Clinical records were evaluated for clinical, radiological, perioperative, and postoperative data. Results The average angle of deformity was 56.53°±25.22° preoperatively, 21.13°±14.34° postoperatively, and 23.93°±14.99° at the final follow-up. The average surgical time was 232.58±53.56 minutes (range, 100–330 minutes), with a mean blood loss of 1,587.09±439.09 mL (range, 100–2,300 mL). Conclusions Single stage surgical intervention for intraspinal anomalies with congenital spinal deformity correction, including adequate intra-operative wake-up test, is a viable option in appropriately selected patients and has minimum complication rates. PMID:29879774

Temperature-Dependent Electrical Characteristics of Au/Si3N4/4H n-SiC MIS Diode

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yigiterol, F.; Güllü, H. H.; Bayraklı, Ö.; Yıldız, D. E.

2018-03-01

Electrical characteristics of the Au/Si3N4/4H n-SiC metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) diode were investigated under the temperature, T , interval of 160-400 K using current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage ( C {-} V ) and conductance-voltage ( G/ω {-} V ) measurements. Firstly, the Schottky diode parameters as zero-bias barrier height ( Φ_{B0} ) and ideality factor ( n ) were calculated according to the thermionic emission (TE) from forward bias I-V analysis in the whole working T . Experimental results showed that the values of Φ_{B0} were in increasing behavior with increasing T while n values decreased with inverse proportionality in n versus Φ_{{{{B}}0}} plot. Therefore, the non-ideal I-V behavior with inhomogeneous barrier height (BH) formation has been discussed under the assumption of Gaussian distribution (GD). From the GD of BHs, the mean BH was found to be about 1.40 eV with 0.1697 standard deviation and the modified Richardson constant A^{*} of this diode was obtained as 141.65 A/cm2 K2 in good agreement with the literature (the theoretical value of A^{*} is 137.21 A/cm2 K2). The relationship between Φ_{B0} and n showed an abnormal I-V behavior depending on T , and it was modeled by TE theory with GD of BH due to the effect in inhomogeneous BH at the interface. Secondly, according to Cheung's model, series resistance, R_{{S}} values were calculated in the T range of 160-400 K and these values were found to decrease with increasing T . Finally, the density of interface states, D_{{it}} was calculated and the T dependence of energy distribution of D_{{it}} profiles determined the forward I {-} V measurements by taking into account the bias dependence of the effective BH, Φ_{{e}} and n . D_{{it}} were also calculated according to the Hill-Coleman method from C {-} V and G/ω {-} V analysis. Furthermore, the variation of D_{{it}} as a function of frequency, f and T were determined.

The Effect of Ocean Currents on Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stammer, Detlef; Leeuwenburgh, Olwijn

2000-01-01

We investigate regional and global-scale correlations between observed anomalies in sea surface temperature and height. A strong agreement between the two fields is found over a broad range of latitudes for different ocean basins. Both time-longitude plots and wavenumber-frequency spectra suggest an advective forcing of SST anomalies by a first-mode baroclinic wave field on spatial scales down to 400 km and time scales as short as 1 month. Even though the magnitude of the mean background temperature gradient is determining for the effectiveness of the forcing, there is no obvious seasonality that can be detected in the amplitudes of SST anomalies. Instead, individual wave signatures in the SST can in some cases be followed over periods of two years. The phase relationship between SST and SSH anomalies is dependent upon frequency and wavenumber and displays a clear decrease of the phase lag toward higher latitudes where the two fields come into phase at low frequencies. Estimates of the damping coefficient are larger than generally obtained for a purely atmospheric feedback. From a global frequency spectrum a damping time scale of 2-3 month was found. Regionally results are very variable and range from 1 month near strong currents to 10 month at low latitudes and in the sub-polar North Atlantic. Strong agreement is found between the first global EOF modes of 10 day averaged and spatially smoothed SST and SSH grids. The accompanying time series display low frequency oscillations in both fields.

From Mars Meteorites to Laboratory Investigations: Understanding Heterogeneous Photochemical Transformations Using Oxygen Triple Isotope Anomalies of Carbonates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shaheen, R.; Smirnova, V.; Jackson, T. L.; Mang, L.; Thiemens, M. H.

2016-12-01

The planet Mars is unique in our solar system with a positive O-isotope anomaly observed in its bulk silicate and carbonates minerals ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 ‰. The carbonate isotopic signature can be used to reveal its origin, past history and atmosphere-hydrosphere-geosphere-interactions. Ozone is a powerful natural tracer of photochemical processes in Earth's atmosphere. It possess the highest enrichment in heavy isotopes δ17O ≈ δ18O (70-150‰) and oxygen isotopic anomaly (Δ17O = 30-40‰). The oxygen isotopic anomaly from ozone is transferred to other oxygen carrying molecules in the atmosphere through different mechanisms. Laboratory experiments were conducted with the JSC-Mars Simulant and iron oxide to investigate how this anomaly can be transferred to water and minerals under conditions similar to present day Mars. Three sets of laboratory experiments (O3-H2O-UV-minerals; O2-H2O-UV-minerals; O3-H2O-minerals) were performed. The oxygen triple isotopic analysis of product mineral carbonates formed from adsorbed CO2 reaction showed an oxygen isotopic anomaly (Δ17O = 0.4-3‰). The oxygen triple isotopic composition of water at photochemical equilibrium shifted towards ozone with Δ17O = 9‰ indicating reaction of ozone with water vapor via electronically excited oxygen atoms and transfer of the anomaly via hydroxyl radicals. HOx (HO, HO2) are extremely reactive and have very short life time (< μs), however, our data indicate that its signature is preserved through surficial interactions with adsorbed CO2 on mineral surfaces. Hydroxyl radicals may have played a significant role in heterogeneous photochemical transformations on mineral dust in the atmosphere of Mars and transfer of ozone anomaly to water and other oxygen bearing minerals through surficial reactions. Series of experiments were performed to constrain the amount of H2O required to preserve the oxygen isotope anomaly observed in carbonate minerals in the Martian meteorites. These

Hyperbolic Orbits and the Planetary Flylby Anomaly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, T.L.; Blome, H.J.

2009-01-01

Space probes in the Solar System have experienced unexpected changes in velocity known as the flyby anomaly [1], as well as shifts in acceleration referred to as the Pioneer anomaly [2-4]. In the case of Earth flybys, ESA s Rosetta spacecraft experienced the flyby effect and NASA s Galileo and NEAR satellites did the same, although MESSENGER did not possibly due to a latitudinal property of gravity assists. Measurements indicate that both anomalies exist, and explanations have varied from the unconventional to suggestions that new physics in the form of dark matter might be the cause of both [5]. Although dark matter has been studied for over 30 years, there is as yet no strong experimental evidence supporting it [6]. The existence of dark matter will certainly have a significant impact upon ideas regarding the origin of the Solar System. Hence, the subject is very relevant to planetary science. We will point out here that one of the fundamental problems in science, including planetary physics, is consistency. Using the well-known virial theorem in astrophysics, it will be shown that present-day concepts of orbital mechanics and cosmology are not consistent for reasons having to do with the flyby anomaly. Therefore, the basic solution regarding the anomalies should begin with addressing the inconsistencies first before introducing new physics.

Heat capacity anomaly in a self-aggregating system: Triblock copolymer 17R4 in water

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dumancas, Lorenzo V.; Simpson, David E.; Jacobs, D. T.

2015-05-01

The reverse Pluronic, triblock copolymer 17R4 is formed from poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO): PPO14 - PEO24 - PPO14, where the number of monomers in each block is denoted by the subscripts. In water, 17R4 has a micellization line marking the transition from a unimer network to self-aggregated spherical micelles which is quite near a cloud point curve above which the system separates into copolymer-rich and copolymer-poor liquid phases. The phase separation has an Ising-like, lower consolute critical point with a well-determined critical temperature and composition. We have measured the heat capacity as a function of temperature using an adiabatic calorimeter for three compositions: (1) the critical composition where the anomaly at the critical point is analyzed, (2) a composition much less than the critical composition with a much smaller spike when the cloud point curve is crossed, and (3) a composition near where the micellization line intersects the cloud point curve that only shows micellization. For the critical composition, the heat capacity anomaly very near the critical point is observed for the first time in a Pluronic/water system and is described well as a second-order phase transition resulting from the copolymer-water interaction. For all compositions, the onset of micellization is clear, but the formation of micelles occurs over a broad range of temperatures and never becomes complete because micelles form differently in each phase above the cloud point curve. The integrated heat capacity gives an enthalpy that is smaller than the standard state enthalpy of micellization given by a van't Hoff plot, a typical result for Pluronic systems.

On global gravity anomalies and two-scale mantle convection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Marsh, B. D.; Marsh, J. G.

1976-01-01

The two-scale model of mantle convection developed by Richter and Parsons (1975) predicts that if the depth of the convective layer is about 600 km, then for a plate moving at 10 cm/yr, longitudinal convective rolls will be produced in about 50 million years, and the strike of these rolls indicates the direction of motion of the plate relative to the upper mantle. The paper tests these predictions by examining a new global free air gravity model complete to the 30th degree and order. The free air gravity map developed shows a series of linear positive and negative anomalies (with transverse wavelengths of about 2000 km) spanning the Pacific Ocean, crossing the Pacific rise and striking parallel to the Hawaiian seamounts. It is suggested that the pattern of these anomalies may indicate the presence of longitudinal convective rolls beneath the Pacific plates, a result which tends to support the predictions of Richter and Parsons.

Geophysical survey within the Mesozoic magnetic anomaly sequence south of Bermuda

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Purdy, G.M.; Rohr, K.

1979-09-10

This geophysical survey of an approximate 1/sup 0/ square covers Mesozoic magnetic anomalies M0, M2, and M4 south of Bermuda. Bathymetry, magnetics seismic reflection profiling, and seismic refraction data are presented. The isochron trend within the survey area at magnetic anomaly M4 times is 025/sup 0/. Two left lateral fracture zones exist: the southern fracture zone has an offset of <10 km at M4 time and 33 km at M0 time. The northern fracture zone has an offset of 37 km at M4 time and 26 km at M0 time. These changes in ofsett are accounted for by asymmetric spreading,more » an 11/sup 0/ change in trend of anomaly M0 relative to M4, and by M0 time, growth of a small right lateral fracture zone. Seismic refraction data provide poor control on the shallow crustal structure but suggest the presence of significant lateral inhomogeneities with layer 2.« less

Support vector machines for TEC seismo-ionospheric anomalies detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akhoondzadeh, M.

2013-02-01

Using time series prediction methods, it is possible to pursue the behaviors of earthquake precursors in the future and to announce early warnings when the differences between the predicted value and the observed value exceed the predefined threshold value. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are widely used due to their many advantages for classification and regression tasks. This study is concerned with investigating the Total Electron Content (TEC) time series by using a SVM to detect seismo-ionospheric anomalous variations induced by the three powerful earthquakes of Tohoku (11 March 2011), Haiti (12 January 2010) and Samoa (29 September 2009). The duration of TEC time series dataset is 49, 46 and 71 days, for Tohoku, Haiti and Samoa earthquakes, respectively, with each at time resolution of 2 h. In the case of Tohoku earthquake, the results show that the difference between the predicted value obtained from the SVM method and the observed value reaches the maximum value (i.e., 129.31 TECU) at earthquake time in a period of high geomagnetic activities. The SVM method detected a considerable number of anomalous occurrences 1 and 2 days prior to the Haiti earthquake and also 1 and 5 days before the Samoa earthquake in a period of low geomagnetic activities. In order to show that the method is acting sensibly with regard to the results extracted during nonevent and event TEC data, i.e., to perform some null-hypothesis tests in which the methods would also be calibrated, the same period of data from the previous year of the Samoa earthquake date has been taken into the account. Further to this, in this study, the detected TEC anomalies using the SVM method were compared to the previous results (Akhoondzadeh and Saradjian, 2011; Akhoondzadeh, 2012) obtained from the mean, median, wavelet and Kalman filter methods. The SVM detected anomalies are similar to those detected using the previous methods. It can be concluded that SVM can be a suitable learning method to detect

Prevalence and distribution of selected developmental dental anomalies in an Indian population.

PubMed

Gupta, Saurabh K; Saxena, Payal; Jain, Sandhya; Jain, Deshraj

2011-06-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies in an Indian population and to statistically analyze the distribution of these anomalies. The study was based on clinical examination, evaluation of dental casts, and panoramic radiographs of 1123 Indian subjects (572 males, 551 females), who visited the outpatient clinic at Government Dental College, Indore between November 2009 and September 2010, after obtaining their informed consent. These patients were examined for the following developmental dental anomalies: shape anomalies (microdontia, talon cusp, dens evaginatus, fusion, taurodontism), number anomalies (hypodontia, oligodontia, anodontia), structural anomalies (amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta) and positional anomalies (ectopic eruption, rotation, impaction). The percentages of these anomalies were assessed for the whole group and compared using statistical analysis. Among the 1123 subjects, a total of 385 individuals (34.28%) presented with the selected developmental dental anomalies. The distribution by sex was 197 males (34.44%), and 188 females (34.06%). Out of the total 1123 individuals, 351 (31.26%) exhibited at least one anomaly, 28 (2.49 %) showed two anomalies and 6 (0.53%) displayed more than two anomalies. P values indicated that the dental anomalies were statistically independent of sex. On intergroup comparison, positional anomalies were significantly most prevalent (P < 0.05) in the Indian population. The most common developmental dental anomaly was rotation (10.24%), followed by ectopic eruption (7.93%). The next common group was number anomalies. The most common number anomaly was hypodontia (4.19%), which had a higher frequency than hyperdontia (2.40%). Analyzing the next prevalent group of shape anomalies, microdontia (2.58%) was found to be the most common, followed by taurodontism (2.49%), dens evaginatus (2.40%) and talon cusp (0.97%). Dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.09%) was

Particle Filtering for Model-Based Anomaly Detection in Sensor Networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Solano, Wanda; Banerjee, Bikramjit; Kraemer, Landon

2012-01-01

A novel technique has been developed for anomaly detection of rocket engine test stand (RETS) data. The objective was to develop a system that postprocesses a csv file containing the sensor readings and activities (time-series) from a rocket engine test, and detects any anomalies that might have occurred during the test. The output consists of the names of the sensors that show anomalous behavior, and the start and end time of each anomaly. In order to reduce the involvement of domain experts significantly, several data-driven approaches have been proposed where models are automatically acquired from the data, thus bypassing the cost and effort of building system models. Many supervised learning methods can efficiently learn operational and fault models, given large amounts of both nominal and fault data. However, for domains such as RETS data, the amount of anomalous data that is actually available is relatively small, making most supervised learning methods rather ineffective, and in general met with limited success in anomaly detection. The fundamental problem with existing approaches is that they assume that the data are iid, i.e., independent and identically distributed, which is violated in typical RETS data. None of these techniques naturally exploit the temporal information inherent in time series data from the sensor networks. There are correlations among the sensor readings, not only at the same time, but also across time. However, these approaches have not explicitly identified and exploited such correlations. Given these limitations of model-free methods, there has been renewed interest in model-based methods, specifically graphical methods that explicitly reason temporally. The Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) in a Linear Dynamic System approach assumes that the multi-dimensional test data is a mixture of multi-variate Gaussians, and fits a given number of Gaussian clusters with the help of the wellknown Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. The

First branchial groove anomaly.

PubMed

Kumar, M; Hickey, S; Joseph, G

2000-06-01

First branchial groove anomalies are very rare. We report a case of a first branchial groove anomaly presented as an infected cyst in an 11-month-old child. Management of such lesions is complicated because of their close association with the facial nerve. Surgical management must include identification and protection of the facial nerve. Embryology and facial nerve disposition in relation to the anomaly are reviewed.

A multi-level anomaly detection algorithm for time-varying graph data with interactive visualization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bridges, Robert A.; Collins, John P.; Ferragut, Erik M.

This work presents a novel modeling and analysis framework for graph sequences which addresses the challenge of detecting and contextualizing anomalies in labelled, streaming graph data. We introduce a generalization of the BTER model of Seshadhri et al. by adding flexibility to community structure, and use this model to perform multi-scale graph anomaly detection. Specifically, probability models describing coarse subgraphs are built by aggregating node probabilities, and these related hierarchical models simultaneously detect deviations from expectation. This technique provides insight into a graph's structure and internal context that may shed light on a detected event. Additionally, this multi-scale analysis facilitatesmore » intuitive visualizations by allowing users to narrow focus from an anomalous graph to particular subgraphs or nodes causing the anomaly. For evaluation, two hierarchical anomaly detectors are tested against a baseline Gaussian method on a series of sampled graphs. We demonstrate that our graph statistics-based approach outperforms both a distribution-based detector and the baseline in a labeled setting with community structure, and it accurately detects anomalies in synthetic and real-world datasets at the node, subgraph, and graph levels. Furthermore, to illustrate the accessibility of information made possible via this technique, the anomaly detector and an associated interactive visualization tool are tested on NCAA football data, where teams and conferences that moved within the league are identified with perfect recall, and precision greater than 0.786.« less

A multi-level anomaly detection algorithm for time-varying graph data with interactive visualization

DOE PAGES

Bridges, Robert A.; Collins, John P.; Ferragut, Erik M.; ...

2016-01-01

This work presents a novel modeling and analysis framework for graph sequences which addresses the challenge of detecting and contextualizing anomalies in labelled, streaming graph data. We introduce a generalization of the BTER model of Seshadhri et al. by adding flexibility to community structure, and use this model to perform multi-scale graph anomaly detection. Specifically, probability models describing coarse subgraphs are built by aggregating node probabilities, and these related hierarchical models simultaneously detect deviations from expectation. This technique provides insight into a graph's structure and internal context that may shed light on a detected event. Additionally, this multi-scale analysis facilitatesmore » intuitive visualizations by allowing users to narrow focus from an anomalous graph to particular subgraphs or nodes causing the anomaly. For evaluation, two hierarchical anomaly detectors are tested against a baseline Gaussian method on a series of sampled graphs. We demonstrate that our graph statistics-based approach outperforms both a distribution-based detector and the baseline in a labeled setting with community structure, and it accurately detects anomalies in synthetic and real-world datasets at the node, subgraph, and graph levels. Furthermore, to illustrate the accessibility of information made possible via this technique, the anomaly detector and an associated interactive visualization tool are tested on NCAA football data, where teams and conferences that moved within the league are identified with perfect recall, and precision greater than 0.786.« less

Response of African humid tropical forests to recent rainfall anomalies

PubMed Central

Asefi-Najafabady, Salvi; Saatchi, Sassan

2013-01-01

During the last decade, strong negative rainfall anomalies resulting from increased sea surface temperature in the tropical Atlantic have caused extensive droughts in rainforests of western Amazonia, exerting persistent effects on the forest canopy. In contrast, there have been no significant impacts on rainforests of West and Central Africa during the same period, despite large-scale droughts and rainfall anomalies during the same period. Using a combination of rainfall observations from meteorological stations from the Climate Research Unit (CRU; 1950–2009) and satellite observations of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM; 1998–2010), we show that West and Central Africa experienced strong negative water deficit (WD) anomalies over the last decade, particularly in 2005, 2006 and 2007. These anomalies were a continuation of an increasing drying trend in the region that started in the 1970s. We monitored the response of forests to extreme rainfall anomalies of the past decade by analysing the microwave scatterometer data from QuickSCAT (1999–2009) sensitive to variations in canopy water content and structure. Unlike in Amazonia, we found no significant impacts of extreme WD events on forests of Central Africa, suggesting potential adaptability of these forests to short-term severe droughts. Only forests near the savanna boundary in West Africa and in fragmented landscapes of the northern Congo Basin responded to extreme droughts with widespread canopy disturbance that lasted only during the period of WD. Time-series analyses of CRU and TRMM data show most regions in Central and West Africa experience seasonal or decadal extreme WDs (less than −600 mm). We hypothesize that the long-term historical extreme WDs with gradual drying trends in the 1970s have increased the adaptability of humid tropical forests in Africa to droughts. PMID:23878335

Response of African humid tropical forests to recent rainfall anomalies.

PubMed

Asefi-Najafabady, Salvi; Saatchi, Sassan

2013-01-01

During the last decade, strong negative rainfall anomalies resulting from increased sea surface temperature in the tropical Atlantic have caused extensive droughts in rainforests of western Amazonia, exerting persistent effects on the forest canopy. In contrast, there have been no significant impacts on rainforests of West and Central Africa during the same period, despite large-scale droughts and rainfall anomalies during the same period. Using a combination of rainfall observations from meteorological stations from the Climate Research Unit (CRU; 1950-2009) and satellite observations of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM; 1998-2010), we show that West and Central Africa experienced strong negative water deficit (WD) anomalies over the last decade, particularly in 2005, 2006 and 2007. These anomalies were a continuation of an increasing drying trend in the region that started in the 1970s. We monitored the response of forests to extreme rainfall anomalies of the past decade by analysing the microwave scatterometer data from QuickSCAT (1999-2009) sensitive to variations in canopy water content and structure. Unlike in Amazonia, we found no significant impacts of extreme WD events on forests of Central Africa, suggesting potential adaptability of these forests to short-term severe droughts. Only forests near the savanna boundary in West Africa and in fragmented landscapes of the northern Congo Basin responded to extreme droughts with widespread canopy disturbance that lasted only during the period of WD. Time-series analyses of CRU and TRMM data show most regions in Central and West Africa experience seasonal or decadal extreme WDs (less than -600 mm). We hypothesize that the long-term historical extreme WDs with gradual drying trends in the 1970s have increased the adaptability of humid tropical forests in Africa to droughts.

Anomaly Detection Based on Sensor Data in Petroleum Industry Applications

PubMed Central

Martí, Luis; Sanchez-Pi, Nayat; Molina, José Manuel; Garcia, Ana Cristina Bicharra

2015-01-01

Anomaly detection is the problem of finding patterns in data that do not conform to an a priori expected behavior. This is related to the problem in which some samples are distant, in terms of a given metric, from the rest of the dataset, where these anomalous samples are indicated as outliers. Anomaly detection has recently attracted the attention of the research community, because of its relevance in real-world applications, like intrusion detection, fraud detection, fault detection and system health monitoring, among many others. Anomalies themselves can have a positive or negative nature, depending on their context and interpretation. However, in either case, it is important for decision makers to be able to detect them in order to take appropriate actions. The petroleum industry is one of the application contexts where these problems are present. The correct detection of such types of unusual information empowers the decision maker with the capacity to act on the system in order to correctly avoid, correct or react to the situations associated with them. In that application context, heavy extraction machines for pumping and generation operations, like turbomachines, are intensively monitored by hundreds of sensors each that send measurements with a high frequency for damage prevention. In this paper, we propose a combination of yet another segmentation algorithm (YASA), a novel fast and high quality segmentation algorithm, with a one-class support vector machine approach for efficient anomaly detection in turbomachines. The proposal is meant for dealing with the aforementioned task and to cope with the lack of labeled training data. As a result, we perform a series of empirical studies comparing our approach to other methods applied to benchmark problems and a real-life application related to oil platform turbomachinery anomaly detection. PMID:25633599

Stratospheric column NO2 anomalies over Russia related to the 2011 Arctic ozone hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aheyeva, Viktoryia; Gruzdev, Aleksandr; Elokhov, Aleksandr; Grishaev, Mikhail; Salnikova, Natalia

2013-04-01

We analyze data of spectrometric measurements of stratospheric column NO2 contents at mid- and high-latitude stations of Zvenigorod (55.7°N, Moscow region), Tomsk (56.5°N, West Siberia), and Zhigansk (66.8°N, East Siberia). Measurements are done in visual spectral range with zenith-viewing spectrometers during morning and evening twilights. Alongside column NO2 contents, vertical profiles of NO2 are retrieved at the Zvenigorod station. Zvenigorod and Zhigansk are the measurement stations within the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). For interpretation of results of analysis of NO2 data, data of Ozone Monitoring Instrument measurements of total column ozone and rawinsonde data are also analyzed and back trajectories calculated with the help of HYSPLIT trajectory model are used. Significant negative anomalies in stratospheric NO2 columns accompanied by episodes of significant cooling of the stratosphere and decrease in total ozone were observed at the three stations in the winter-spring period of 2011. Trajectory analysis shows that the anomalies were caused by the transport of stratospheric air from the region of the ozone hole observed that season in the Arctic. Although negative NO2 anomalies due to the transport from the Arctic were also observed in some other years, the anomalies in 2011 have had record magnitudes. Analysis of NO2 vertical profiles at Zvenigorod shows that the NO2 anomaly in 2011 compared to other years anomalies was additionally contributed by the denitrification of the Arctic lower stratosphere. NO2 profiles show that a certain degree of the denitrification probably survived even after the ozone hole.

Determination of ionization energies of CnN (n=4-12): Vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization experiments and theoretical calculations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kostko, Oleg; Zhou, Jia; Sun, Bian Jian

2010-06-10

Results from single photon vacuum ultraviolet photoionization of astrophysically relevant CnN clusters, n = 4 - 12, in the photon energy range of 8.0 eV to 12.8 eV are presented. The experimental photoionization efficiency curves, combined with electronic structure calculations, provide improved ionization energies of the CnN species. A search through numerous nitrogen-terminated CnN isomers for n=4-9 indicates that the linear isomer has the lowest energy, and therefore should be the most abundant isomer in the molecular beam. Comparison with calculated results also shed light on the energetics of the linear CnN clusters, particularly in the trends of the even-carbonmore » and the odd-carbon series. These results can help guide the search of potential astronomical observations of these neutral molecules together with their cations in highly ionized regions or regions with a high UV/VUV photon flux (ranging from the visible to VUV with flux maxima in the Lyman- region) in the interstellar medium.« less

Determination of ionization energies of CnN (n=4-12): Vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization experiments and theoretical calculations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kostko, Oleg; Zhou, Jia; Sun, Bian Jian

2010-03-02

Results from single photon vacuum ultraviolet photoionization of astrophysically relevant CnN clusters, n = 4 - 12, in the photon energy range of 8.0 eV to 12.8 eV are presented. The experimental photoionization efficiency curves, combined with electronic structure calculations, provide improved ionization energies of the CnN species. A search through numerous nitrogen-terminated CnN isomers for n=4-9 indicates that the linear isomer has the lowest energy, and therefore should be the most abundant isomer in the molecular beam. Comparison with calculated results also shed light on the energetics of the linear CnN clusters, particularly in the trends of the even-carbonmore » and the odd-carbon series. These results can help guide the search of potential astronomical observations of these neutral molecules together with their cations in highly ionized regions or regions with a high UV/VUV photon flux (ranging from the visible to VUV with flux maxima in the Lyman-a region) in the interstellar medium.« less

Interpretations of gravity and magnetic anomalies in the Songliao Basin with Wavelet Multi-scale Decomposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Changbo; Wang, Liangshu; Sun, Bin; Feng, Runhai; Wu, Yongjing

2015-09-01

In this paper, we introduce the method of Wavelet Multi-scale Decomposition (WMD) combined with Power Spectrum Analysis (PSA) for the separation of regional gravity and magnetic anomalies. The Songliao Basin is situated between the Siberian Plate and the North China Plate, and its main structural trend of gravity and magnetic anomaly fields is NNE. The study area shows a significant feature of deep collage-type construction. According to the feature of gravity field, the region was divided into five sub-regions. The gravity and magnetic fields of the Songliao Basin were separated using WMD with a 4th order separation. The apparent depth of anomalies in each order was determined by Logarithmic PSA. Then, the shallow high-frequency anomalies were removed and the 2nd-4th order wavelet detail anomalies were used to study the basin's major faults. Twenty-six faults within the basement were recognized. The 4th order wavelet approximate anomalies were used for the inversion of the Moho discontinuity and the Curie isothermal surface.

Trends in congenital anomalies in Europe from 1980 to 2012

PubMed Central

Springett, Anna L.; Greenlees, Ruth; Loane, Maria; Addor, Marie-Claude; Arriola, Larraitz; Barisic, Ingeborg; Bergman, Jorieke E. H.; Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda; Dias, Carlos; Draper, Elizabeth S.; Garne, Ester; Gatt, Miriam; Khoshnood, Babak; Klungsoyr, Kari; Lynch, Catherine; McDonnell, Robert; Nelen, Vera; Neville, Amanda J.; O'Mahony, Mary; Pierini, Anna; Queisser-Luft, Annette; Randrianaivo, Hanitra; Rankin, Judith; Rissmann, Anke; Kurinczuk, Jennifer; Tucker, David; Verellen-Dumoulin, Christine; Wellesley, Diana; Dolk, Helen

2018-01-01

Background Surveillance of congenital anomalies is important to identify potential teratogens. Methods This study analysed the prevalence of 61 congenital anomaly subgroups (excluding chromosomal) in 25 population-based EUROCAT registries (1980–2012). Live births, fetal deaths and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly were analysed with multilevel random-effects Poisson regression models. Results Seventeen anomaly subgroups had statistically significant trends from 2003–2012; 12 increasing and 5 decreasing. Conclusions The annual increasing prevalence of severe congenital heart defects, single ventricle, atrioventricular septal defects and tetralogy of Fallot of 1.4% (95% CI: 0.7% to 2.0%), 4.6% (1.0% to 8.2%), 3.4% (1.3% to 5.5%) and 4.1% (2.4% to 5.7%) respectively may reflect increases in maternal obesity and diabetes (known risk factors). The increased prevalence of cystic adenomatous malformation of the lung [6.5% (3.5% to 9.4%)] and decreased prevalence of limb reduction defects [-2.8% (-4.2% to -1.5%)] are unexplained. For renal dysplasia and maternal infections, increasing trends may be explained by increased screening, and deceases in patent ductus arteriosus at term and increases in craniosynostosis, by improved follow up period after birth and improved diagnosis. For oesophageal atresia, duodenal atresia/stenosis and ano-rectal atresia/stenosis recent changes in prevalence appeared incidental when compared with larger long term fluctuations. For microcephaly and congenital hydronephrosis trends could not be interpreted due to discrepancies in diagnostic criteria. The trends for club foot and syndactyly disappeared once registries with disparate results were excluded. No decrease in neural tube defects was detected, despite efforts at prevention through folic acid supplementation. PMID:29621304

Chlorination Disinfection By-Products and Risk of Congenital Anomalies in England and Wales

PubMed Central

Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.; Toledano, Mireille B.; Bennett, James; Best, Nicky; Hambly, Peter; de Hoogh, Cornelis; Wellesley, Diana; Boyd, Patricia A.; Abramsky, Lenore; Dattani, Nirupa; Fawell, John; Briggs, David; Jarup, Lars; Elliott, Paul

2008-01-01

Background Increased risk of various congenital anomalies has been reported to be associated with trihalomethane (THM) exposure in the water supply. Objectives We conducted a registry-based study to determine the relationship between THM concentrations and the risk of congenital anomalies in England and Wales. Methods We obtained congenital anomaly data from the National Congenital Anomalies System, regional registries, and the national terminations registry; THM data were obtained from water companies. Total THM (< 30, 30 to < 60, ≥60 μg/L), total brominated exposure (< 10, 10 to < 20, ≥20 μg/L), and bromoform exposure (< 2, 2 to < 4, ≥4 μg/L) were modeled at the place of residence for the first trimester of pregnancy. We included 2,605,226 live births, stillbirths, and terminations with 22,828 cases of congenital anomalies. Analyses using fixed- and random-effects models were performed for broadly defined groups of anomalies (cleft palate/lip, abdominal wall, major cardiac, neural tube, urinary and respiratory defects), a more restricted set of anomalies with better ascertainment, and for isolated and multiple anomalies. Data were adjusted for sex, maternal age, and socioeconomic status. Results We found no statistically significant trends across exposure categories for either the broadly defined or more restricted sets of anomalies. For the restricted set of anomalies with isolated defects, there were significant (p < 0.05) excess risks in the high-exposure categories of total THMs for ventricular septal defects [odds ratio (OR) = 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–2.04] and of bromoform for major cardiovascular defects and gastroschisis (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.00–1.39; and OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.00–1.92, respectively). Conclusion In this large national study we found little evidence for a relationship between THM concentrations in drinking water and risk of congenital anomalies. PMID:18288321

Traffic-related air pollution and congenital anomalies in Barcelona.

PubMed

Schembari, Anna; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J; Salvador, Joaquin; de Nazelle, Audrey; Cirach, Marta; Dadvand, Payam; Beelen, Rob; Hoek, Gerard; Basagaña, Xavier; Vrijheid, Martine

2014-03-01

A recent meta-analysis suggested evidence for an effect of exposure to ambient air pollutants on risk of certain congenital heart defects. However, few studies have investigated the effects of traffic-related air pollutants with sufficient spatial accuracy. We estimated associations between congenital anomalies and exposure to traffic-related air pollution in Barcelona, Spain. Cases with nonchromosomal anomalies (n = 2,247) and controls (n = 2,991) were selected from the Barcelona congenital anomaly register during 1994-2006. Land use regression models from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE), were applied to residential addresses at birth to estimate spatial exposure to nitrogen oxides and dioxide (NOx, NO2), particulate matter with diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), 10-2.5 μm (PMcoarse), ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM2.5 absorbance. Spatial estimates were adjusted for temporal trends using data from routine monitoring stations for weeks 3-8 of each pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for 18 congenital anomaly groups associated with an interquartile-range (IQR) increase in exposure estimates. In spatial and spatiotemporal exposure models, we estimated statistically significant associations between an IQR increase in NO2 (12.2 μg/m3) and coarctation of the aorta (ORspatiotemporal = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.31) and digestive system defects (ORspatiotemporal = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.23), and between an IQR increase in PMcoarse (3.6 μg/m3) and abdominal wall defects (ORspatiotemporal = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.37, 2.73). Other statistically significant increased and decreased ORs were estimated based on the spatial model only or the spatiotemporal model only, but not both. Our results overall do not indicate an association between traffic-related air pollution and most groups of congenital anomalies. Findings for coarctation of the aorta are consistent with those of the previous meta-analysis. Schembari A

SEISMIC DISCRIMINATION OF THERMAL AND MAGNETIC ANOMALIES IN SUNSPOT UMBRAE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lindsey, C.; Cally, P. S.; Rempel, M.

2010-08-20

Efforts to model sunspots based on helioseismic signatures need to discriminate between the effects of (1) a strong magnetic field that introduces time-irreversible, vantage-dependent phase shifts, apparently connected to fast- and slow-mode coupling and wave absorption and (2) a thermal anomaly that includes cool gas extending an indefinite depth beneath the photosphere. Helioseismic observations of sunspots show travel times considerably reduced with respect to equivalent quiet-Sun signatures. Simulations by Moradi and Cally of waves skipping across sunspots with photospheric magnetic fields of order 3 kG show travel times that respond strongly to the magnetic field and relatively weakly to themore » thermal anomaly by itself. We note that waves propagating vertically in a vertical magnetic field are relatively insensitive to the magnetic field, while remaining highly responsive to the attendant thermal anomaly. Travel-time measurements for waves with large skip distances into the centers of axially symmetric sunspots are therefore a crucial resource for discrimination of the thermal anomaly beneath sunspot umbrae from the magnetic anomaly. One-dimensional models of sunspot umbrae based on compressible-radiative-magnetic-convective simulations such as by Rempel et al. can be fashioned to fit observed helioseismic travel-time spectra in the centers of sunspot umbrae. These models are based on cooling of the upper 2-4 Mm of the umbral subphotosphere with no significant anomaly beneath 4.5 Mm. The travel-time reductions characteristic of these models are primarily a consequence of a Wilson depression resulting from a strong downward buoyancy of the cooled umbral medium.« less

Subtelomeric Copy Number Variations: The Importance of 4p/4q Deletions in Patients with Congenital Anomalies and Developmental Disability.

PubMed

Novo-Filho, Gil M; Montenegro, Marília M; Zanardo, Évelin A; Dutra, Roberta L; Dias, Alexandre T; Piazzon, Flavia B; Costa, Taís V M M; Nascimento, Amom M; Honjo, Rachel S; Kim, Chong A; Kulikowski, Leslie D

2016-01-01

The most prevalent structural variations in the human genome are copy number variations (CNVs), which appear predominantly in the subtelomeric regions. Variable sizes of 4p/4q CNVs have been associated with several different psychiatric findings and developmental disability (DD). We analyzed 105 patients with congenital anomalies (CA) and developmental and/or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) using MLPA subtelomeric specific kits (P036 /P070) and 4 of them using microarrays. We found abnormal subtelomeric CNVs in 15 patients (14.3%), including 8 patients with subtelomeric deletions at 4p/4q (53.3%). Additional genomic changes were observed at 1p36, 2q37.3, 5p15.3, 5q35.3, 8p23.3, 13q11, 14q32.3, 15q11.2, and Xq28/Yq12. This indicates the prevalence of independent deletions at 4p/4q, involving PIGG, TRIML2, and FRG1. Furthermore, we identified 15 genes with changes in copy number that contribute to neurological development and/or function, among them CRMP1, SORCS2, SLC25A4, and HELT. Our results highlight the association of genes with changes in copy number at 4p and 4q subtelomeric regions and the DD phenotype. Cytogenomic characterization of additional cases with distal deletions should help clarifying the role of subtelomeric CNVs in neurological diseases. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

A Time Series of Mean Global Sea Surface Temperature from the Along-Track Scanning Radiometers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Veal, Karen L.; Corlett, Gary; Remedios, John; Llewellyn-Jones, David

2010-12-01

A climate data set requires a long time series of consistently processed data with suitably long periods of overlap of different instruments which allows characterization of any inter-instrument biases. The data obtained from ESA's three Along-Track Scanning Radiometers (ATSRs) together comprise an 18 year record of SST with overlap periods of at least 6 months. The data from all three ATSRs has been consistently processed. These factors together with the stability of the instruments and the precision of the derived SST makes this data set eminently suitable for the construction of a time series of SST that complies with many of the GCOS requirements for a climate data set. A time series of global and regional average SST anomalies has been constructed from the ATSR version 2 data set. An analysis of the overlap periods of successive instruments was used to remove intra-series biases and align the series to a common reference. An ATSR climatology has been developed and has been used to calculate the SST anomalies. The ATSR-1 time series and the AATSR time series have been aligned to ATSR-2. The largest adjustment is ~0.2 K between ATSR-2 and AATSR which is suspected to be due to a shift of the 12 μm filter function for AATSR. An uncertainty of 0.06 K is assigned to the relative anomaly record that is derived from the dual three-channel night-time data. A relative uncertainty of 0.07 K is assigned to the dual night-time two-channel record, except in the ATSR-1 period (1994-1996) where it is larger.

31 CFR 351.4 - In what form are Series EE savings bonds issued?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... (Continued) FISCAL SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BUREAU OF THE PUBLIC DEBT OFFERING OF UNITED STATES SAVINGS BONDS, SERIES EE General Information § 351.4 In what form are Series EE savings bonds issued...

Genetic algorithm for TEC seismo-ionospheric anomalies detection around the time of the Solomon (Mw = 8.0) earthquake of 06 February 2013

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akhoondzadeh, M.

2013-08-01

On 6 February 2013, at 12:12:27 local time (01:12:27 UTC) a seismic event registering Mw 8.0 struck the Solomon Islands, located at the boundaries of the Australian and Pacific tectonic plates. Time series prediction is an important and widely interesting topic in the research of earthquake precursors. This paper describes a new computational intelligence approach to detect the unusual variations of the total electron content (TEC) seismo-ionospheric anomalies induced by the powerful Solomon earthquake using genetic algorithm (GA). The GA detected a considerable number of anomalous occurrences on earthquake day and also 7 and 8 days prior to the earthquake in a period of high geomagnetic activities. In this study, also the detected TEC anomalies using the proposed method are compared to the results dealing with the observed TEC anomalies by applying the mean, median, wavelet, Kalman filter, ARIMA, neural network and support vector machine methods. The accordance in the final results of all eight methods is a convincing indication for the efficiency of the GA method. It indicates that GA can be an appropriate non-parametric tool for anomaly detection in a non linear time series showing the seismo-ionospheric precursors variations.

ISHM Anomaly Lexicon for Rocket Test

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schmalzel, John L.; Buchanan, Aubri; Hensarling, Paula L.; Morris, Jonathan; Turowski, Mark; Figueroa, Jorge F.

2007-01-01

Integrated Systems Health Management (ISHM) is a comprehensive capability. An ISHM system must detect anomalies, identify causes of such anomalies, predict future anomalies, help identify consequences of anomalies for example, suggested mitigation steps. The system should also provide users with appropriate navigation tools to facilitate the flow of information into and out of the ISHM system. Central to the ability of the ISHM to detect anomalies is a clearly defined catalog of anomalies. Further, this lexicon of anomalies must be organized in ways that make it accessible to a suite of tools used to manage the data, information and knowledge (DIaK) associated with a system. In particular, it is critical to ensure that there is optimal mapping between target anomalies and the algorithms associated with their detection. During the early development of our ISHM architecture and approach, it became clear that a lexicon of anomalies would be important to the development of critical anomaly detection algorithms. In our work in the rocket engine test environment at John C. Stennis Space Center, we have access to a repository of discrepancy reports (DRs) that are generated in response to squawks identified during post-test data analysis. The DR is the tool used to document anomalies and the methods used to resolve the issue. These DRs have been generated for many different tests and for all test stands. The result is that they represent a comprehensive summary of the anomalies associated with rocket engine testing. Fig. 1 illustrates some of the data that can be extracted from a DR. Such information includes affected transducer channels, narrative description of the observed anomaly, and the steps used to correct the problem. The primary goal of the anomaly lexicon development efforts we have undertaken is to create a lexicon that could be used in support of an associated health assessment database system (HADS) co-development effort. There are a number of significant

Influence of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, testosterone, and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-all-trans-retinamide on prostate cancer induction in Wistar-Unilever rats.

PubMed

McCormick, D L; Rao, K V; Dooley, L; Steele, V E; Lubet, R A; Kelloff, G J; Bosland, M C

1998-08-01

The influence of chemical carcinogen, hormonal stimulation, and chronic dietary administration of the synthetic retinoid, N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-all-trans-retinamide (4-HPR), on the induction of prostate cancer in male Wistar-Unilever rats was determined. Three different tumor induction regimens were used: (a) a single i.v. dose of 50 mg of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) per kg body weight, followed by chronic androgen stimulation via s.c. implantation of two silastic capsules containing 40 mg testosterone each; (b) a single i.v. dose of 50 mg of MNU per kg body weight (no testosterone treatment); and (c) chronic androgen stimulation with implanted testosterone capsules (no MNU treatment). In a fourth series of animals, the incidence of spontaneous prostate tumors was determined in groups of rats receiving neither carcinogen nor hormone stimulation. Within each series, parallel groups of animals were fed a control (vehicle-supplemented) diet or control diet supplemented with 4-HPR beginning 1 day after carcinogen administration; retinoid administration was continuous until termination of the study at 450 days. The incidence of accessory sex gland cancer in rats treated sequentially with MNU + testosterone was >60%, in comparison with cancer incidences of <20% in rats receiving MNU only and <5% in rats treated with testosterone only. No spontaneous accessory sex gland tumors were observed in rats receiving no carcinogen and no testosterone. Tumor induction in the accessory sex glands by MNU + testosterone was relatively specific for the prostate: the incidence of carcinoma of the dorsolateral/anterior prostate was more than 5-fold greater than the incidence of cancer present only in the seminal vesicle. 4-HPR conferred no protection against cancer induction in the prostate by any regimen of MNU and/or testosterone. These results demonstrate the importance of both carcinogen exposure and hormone stimulation on the induction of neoplasia in the prostate of Wistar

Novel series of 1,2,4-trioxane derivatives as antimalarial agents.

PubMed

Rudrapal, Mithun; Chetia, Dipak; Singh, Vineeta

2017-12-01

Among three series of 1,2,4-trioxane derivatives, five compounds showed good in vitro antimalarial activity, three compounds of which exhibited better activity against P. falciparum resistant (RKL9) strain than the sensitive (3D7) one. Two best compounds were one from aryl series and the other from heteroaryl series with IC 50 values of 1.24 µM and 1.24 µM and 1.06 µM and 1.17 µM, against sensitive and resistant strains, respectively. Further, trioxane derivatives exhibited good binding affinity for the P. falciparum cysteine protease falcipain 2 receptor (PDB id: 3BPF) with well defined drug-like and pharmacokinetic properties based on Lipinski's rule of five with additional physicochemical and ADMET parameters. In view of having antimalarial potential, 1,2,4-trioxane derivative(s) reported herein may be useful as novel antimalarial lead(s) in the discovery and development of future antimalarial drug candidates as P. falciparum falcipain 2 inhibitors against resistant malaria.

Seismic data fusion anomaly detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harrity, Kyle; Blasch, Erik; Alford, Mark; Ezekiel, Soundararajan; Ferris, David

2014-06-01

Detecting anomalies in non-stationary signals has valuable applications in many fields including medicine and meteorology. These include uses such as identifying possible heart conditions from an Electrocardiography (ECG) signals or predicting earthquakes via seismographic data. Over the many choices of anomaly detection algorithms, it is important to compare possible methods. In this paper, we examine and compare two approaches to anomaly detection and see how data fusion methods may improve performance. The first approach involves using an artificial neural network (ANN) to detect anomalies in a wavelet de-noised signal. The other method uses a perspective neural network (PNN) to analyze an arbitrary number of "perspectives" or transformations of the observed signal for anomalies. Possible perspectives may include wavelet de-noising, Fourier transform, peak-filtering, etc.. In order to evaluate these techniques via signal fusion metrics, we must apply signal preprocessing techniques such as de-noising methods to the original signal and then use a neural network to find anomalies in the generated signal. From this secondary result it is possible to use data fusion techniques that can be evaluated via existing data fusion metrics for single and multiple perspectives. The result will show which anomaly detection method, according to the metrics, is better suited overall for anomaly detection applications. The method used in this study could be applied to compare other signal processing algorithms.

Novel 4-(4-substituted-thiazol-2-ylamino)-N-(pyridin-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamides as cytotoxic and radiosensitizing agents.

PubMed

Ghorab, Mostafa M; Ragab, Fatma A; Heiba, Helmy I; Agha, Hebaallah M; Nissan, Yassin M

2012-01-01

A series of novel 4-(4-substituted-thiazol-2-ylamino)-N-(pyridin-2-yl) benzene-sulfonamides were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Compounds 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, and 14 displayed significant activity against MCF-7 when compared to doxorubicin, which was used as a reference drug. The synergistic effect of Gamma radiation for the most active derivatives 7, 9, and 11 was also studied and their IC(50) values markedly decreased to 11.9 μM, 11.7 μM, and 11.6 μM, respectively.

Heat and Freshwater Convergence Anomalies in the Atlantic Ocean Inferred from Observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kelly, K. A.; Drushka, K.; Thompson, L.

2015-12-01

Observations of thermosteric and halosteric sea level from hydrographic data, ocean mass from GRACE and altimetric sea surface height are used to infer meridional heat transport (MHT) and freshwater convergence (FWC) anomalies for the Atlantic Ocean. An "unknown control" version of a Kalman filter in each of eight regions extracts smooth estimates of heat transport convergence (HTC) and FWC from discrepancies between the sea level response to monthly surface heat and freshwater fluxes and observed heat and freshwater content. The model is run for 1993-2014. Estimates of MHT anomalies are derived by summing the HTC from north to south and adding a spatially uniform, time-varying MHT derived from updated MHT estimates at 41N (Willis 2010). Estimated anomalies in MHT are comparable to those recently observed at the RAPID/MOCHA line at 26.5N. MHT estimates are relatively insensitive to the choice of heat flux products and are highly coherent spatially. MHT anomalies at 35S resemble estimates of Agulhas Leakage derived from altimeter (LeBars et al 2014) suggesting that the Indian Ocean is the source of the anomalous heat inflow. FWC estimates in the Atlantic Ocean (67N to 35S) resemble estimates of Atlantic river inflow (de Couet and Maurer, GRDC 2009). Increasing values of FWC after 2002 at a time when MHT was decreasing may indicate a feedback between the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and FWC that would accelerate the AMOC slowdown.

Temperature-dependent electrical characteristics and carrier transport mechanism of p-Cu2ZnSnS4/n-GaN heterojunctions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niteesh Reddy, Varra; Reddy, M. Siva Pratap; Gunasekhar, K. R.; Lee, Jung-Hee

2018-04-01

This work explores the temperature-dependent electrical characteristics and carrier transport mechanism of Au/p-Cu2ZnSnS4/n-type GaN heterojunction (HJ) diodes with a CZTS interlayer. The electrical characteristics were examined by current-voltage-temperature, turn-on voltage-temperature and series resistance-temperature in the high-temperature range of 300-420 K. It is observed that an exponential decrease in the series resistance ( R S) and increase in the ideality factor ( n) and barrier height ( ϕ b) with increase in temperature. The thermal coefficient ( K j) is determined to be - 1.3 mV K-1 at ≥ 300 K. The effective ϕ b is determined to be 1.21 eV. This obtained barrier height is consistent with the theoretical one. The characteristic temperature ( T 0) resulting from the Cheung's functions [d V/d(ln I) vs. I and H( I) vs. I], is seen that there is good agreement between the T 0 values from both Cheung's functions. The relevant carrier transport mechanisms of Au/p-CZTS/n-type GaN HJ are explained based on the thermally decreased energy band gap of n-type GaN layers, thermally activated deep donors and increased further activated shallow donors.

Reliability of CHAMP Anomaly Continuations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

vonFrese, Ralph R. B.; Kim, Hyung Rae; Taylor, Patrick T.; Asgharzadeh, Mohammad F.

2003-01-01

CHAMP is recording state-of-the-art magnetic and gravity field observations at altitudes ranging over roughly 300 - 550 km. However, anomaly continuation is severely limited by the non-uniqueness of the process and satellite anomaly errors. Indeed, our numerical anomaly simulations from satellite to airborne altitudes show that effective downward continuations of the CHAMP data are restricted to within approximately 50 km of the observation altitudes while upward continuations can be effective over a somewhat larger altitude range. The great unreliability of downward continuation requires that the satellite geopotential observations must be analyzed at satellite altitudes if the anomaly details are to be exploited most fully. Given current anomaly error levels, joint inversion of satellite and near- surface anomalies is the best approach for implementing satellite geopotential observations for subsurface studies. We demonstrate the power of this approach using a crustal model constrained by joint inversions of near-surface and satellite magnetic and gravity observations for Maude Rise, Antarctica, in the southwestern Indian Ocean. Our modeling suggests that the dominant satellite altitude magnetic anomalies are produced by crustal thickness variations and remanent magnetization of the normal polarity Cretaceous Quiet Zone.

Series of chiral interpenetrating 3d-4f heterometallic MOFs: Luminescent sensors and magnetic properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiaolei; Chen, Chen; Liu, Xiaoli; Gao, Peng; Hu, Ming

2017-09-01

Series of chiral 3d-4f heterometallic MOFs based on a multidentate terpyridyl carboxylic acid ligand have been synthesized under the solvothermal conditions, namely, [LnZnL(CO3)2(H2O)]n (Ln = Eu (1), Gd (2), Dy (3), Ho (4), Er (5), Tm (6), Yb (7), Lu (8)) (HL = 4‧-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,2‧:6‧,2″-terpyridine). Compounds 1-8 were structurally characterized by the elemental analyses, infrared spectra, and single crystal X-ray diffractions. Compounds 1-8 exhibit the chiral interpenetrating 3D frameworks. Interestingly, 1 can serve as the luminescent sensor to detect nitrobenzene molecules with high sensitivity. The investigations on CD spectra of single crystals clearly assigned the Cotton effect, indicating that there exist two chiral enantiomers of 1-8 in the course of crystallization. The magnetic properties of 2 and 7 were exploited, respectively.

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of N,N-Dimethyl-N'-Picryl-4,4'-Stilbenediamine.

PubMed

Papper, Vladislav; Wu, Yuanyuan; Kharlanov, Vladimir; Sukharaharja, Ayrine; Steele, Terry W J; Marks, Robert S

2018-01-01

N,N-dimethyl-N'-picryl-4,4'-stilbenediamine (DMPSDA) was prepared, purified and crystallised in a form of black lustrous crystals, and its absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded in cyclohexane, acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide. Non-emissive intramolecular charge transfer state (ICT) was clearly observed in this molecule in all three solvents. Theoretical calculations demonstrating a betaine electronic structure of the trinitrophenyl group in the ground state of the molecule and a charge transfer nature of the long wavelength transition S 0  → S 1 supported the experimental observations of the ICT formation in the molecule.

What drove the Pacific and North America climate anomalies in winter 2014/15?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Peitao; Kumar, Arun; Hu, Zeng-Zhen

2017-12-01

In late 2014 and early 2015, the canonical atmospheric response to the El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event was not observed in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, although Niño3.4 index exceeded the threshold for a weak El Niño. In an effort to understand why it was so, this study deconvoluted the observed 2014/15 December-January-February (DJF) mean sea surface temperature (SST), precipitation and 200 hPa stream function anomalies into the leading patterns related to the principal components of DJF SST variability. It is noted that the anomalies of these variables were primarily determined by the patterns related to two SST modes: one is the North Pacific mode (NPM), and the other the ENSO mode. The NPM was responsible for the apparent lack of coupled air-sea relationship in the central equatorial Pacific and the east-west structure of the circulation anomalies over North America, while the ENSO mode linked to SSTs in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific as well as the circulation in the central equatorial Pacific. Further, the ENSO signal in DJF 2014/15 likely evolved from the NPM pattern in winter 2013/14. Its full development, however, was impeded by the easterly anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific that was associated with negative SST anomalies in the southeastern subtropical Pacific. In addition, the analyses also indicates that the SST anomalies in the Niño3.4 region alone were not adequate for capturing the coupling of oceanic and atmospheric anomalies in the tropical Pacific, due to the fact that this index cannot distinguish whether the SST anomaly in the Niño3.4 region is associated with the ENSO mode or NPM, or both.

Unexpected Anomaly of GHF (Gradient Heating Furnace) On-Board

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kobayashi, Ryoji

2013-09-01

GHF (Gradient Heating Furnace) is vacuum furnace that enables to raise temperature up to 1600 degree Celsius. GHF consumes large amount of power (about 4 kW), contains pressure vessel and has interface with vacuum line. Therefore, GHF has hazardous function in nature. JAXA performed safety analysis thoroughly, identified all causes and set appropriate safety controls to meet safety requirements. JAXA launched GHF in January of 2011 and operates in Kibo laboratory of ISS (International Space Station). JAXA encountered unexpected anomalies during operations on-board. They did not give safety degradation actually since safety devices inherent to GHF worked, but some of anomalies were unexpected.This paper presents one of the "unexpected" anomaly happened on-board, and how it relates with safety and how it is controlled not to lead to safety accident.It is pretty hard to find out "root cause" for some of anomalies due to limited telemetry information and crew resources. In addition, most of engineers designing GHF have gone. This paper also introduces agency level efforts to struggle to find out causes and to set appropriate countermeasure.Finally, this paper summaries lessons and learned from anomaly JAXA encountered.

Impact of arachidonic versus eicosapentaenoic acid on exotonin-induced lung vascular leakage: relation to 4-series versus 5-series leukotriene generation.

PubMed

Grimminger, F; Wahn, H; Mayer, K; Kiss, L; Walmrath, D; Seeger, W

1997-02-01

Escherichia coli hemolysin (HlyA) is a proteinaceous pore-forming exotoxin that is implicated as a significant pathogenicity factor in extraintestinal E. coli infections including sepsis. In perfused rabbit lungs, subcytolytic concentrations of the toxin evoke thromboxane-mediated vasoconstriction and prostanoid-independent protracted vascular permeability increase (11). In the present study, the influence of submicromolar concentrations of free arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the HlyA-induced leakage response was investigated. HlyA at concentration from 0.02 to 0.06 hemolytic units/ml provoked a dose-dependent, severalfold increase in the capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc), accompanied by the release of leukotriene(LT)B4, LTC4, and LTE4 into the recirculating buffer fluid. Simultaneous application of 100 nmol/L AA markedly augmented the HlyA-elicited leakage response, concomitant with an amplification of LTB4 release and a change in the kinetics of cysteinyl-LT generation. In contrast, 50 to 200 nmol/L EPA suppressed in a dose-dependent manner the HlyA-induced increase in Kfc values. This was accompanied by a blockage of 4-series LT generation and a dose-dependent appearance of LTB5, LTC5, and LTE5. In addition, EPA fully antagonized the AA-induced amplification of the HlyA-provoked Kfc increase, again accompanied by a shift from 4-series to 5-series LT generation. We conclude that the vascular leakage provoked by HlyA in rabbit lungs is differentially influenced by free AA versus free EPA, related to the generation of 4- versus 5-series leukotrienes. The composition of lipid emulsions used for parenteral nutrition may thus influence inflammatory capillary leakage.

Equilibrium Atmospheric Response to North Atlantic SST Anomalies.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kushnir, Yochanan; Held, Isaac M.

1996-06-01

The equilibrium general circulation model (GCM) response to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the western North Atlantic region is studied. A coarse resolution GCM, with realistic lower boundary conditions including topography and climatological SST distribution, is integrated in perpetual January and perpetual October modes, distinguished from one another by the strength of the midlatitude westerlies. An SST anomaly with a maximum of 4°C is added to the climatological SST distribution of the model with both positive and negative polarity. These anomaly runs are compared to one another, and to a control integration, to determine the atmospheric response. In all cases warming (cooling) of the midlatitude ocean surface yields a warming (cooling) of the atmosphere over and to the east of the SST anomaly center. The atmospheric temperature change is largest near the surface and decreases upward. Consistent with this simple thermal response, the geopotential height field displays a baroclinic response with a shallow anomalous low somewhat downstream from the warm SST anomaly. The equivalent barotropic, downstream response is weak and not robust. To help interpret the results, the realistic GCM integrations are compared with parallel idealized model runs. The idealized model has full physics and a similar horizontal and vertical resolution, but an all-ocean surface with a single, permanent zonal asymmetry. The idealized and realistic versions of the GCM display compatible response patterns that are qualitatively consistent with stationary, linear, quasigeostrophic theory. However, the idealized model response is stronger and more coherent. The differences between the two model response patterns can be reconciled based on the size of the anomaly, the model treatment of cloud-radiation interaction, and the static stability of the model atmosphere in the vicinity of the SST anomaly. Model results are contrasted with other GCM studies and observations.

Potential sources of the air masses leading to warm and cold anomalies in Moscow in summer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shukurov, K. A.; Semenov, V. A.

2017-11-01

For summer (June-July-August) days in 1949-2016, using the NOAA trajectory model HYSPLIT_4, the 5-day backward trajectories of the air parcels (elementary air particles) were calculated. Using the daily surface air temperatures (SAT) in summer in Moscow in 1949-2016 and the results of the backward trajectories modeling by PSCF (potential source contribution function) and CWT (concentration weighted trajectories) methods the regions where the air masses most probably hit to before its arrive into the Moscow region at the days of 20%, 10%, 5% and 2% of the strongest positive and negative anomalies of SAT in summer in Moscow. For composites of days with SAT in summer in Moscow above 90th and below the 10th percentile of the distribution function of the SAT, the field of the anomaly of atmospheric pressure at sea level relative to 1981-2010 climatology and the field of average SAT in Eurasia north of 30° N are calculated. The peculiarities of the fields associated with the strong positive and negative anomalies of SAT in summer seasons in Moscow are identified. The fields of potential sources of air parcels, mean air temperature on the path of the movement of air parcels and the average height of the backward trajectory for days with strong anomalies of SAT in summer in Moscow are compared. Possible atmospheric circulation drivers of the highest and lowest anomalies of SAT in winter in Moscow are found out.

Toward establishing a definitive Late-Mid Jurassic (M-series) Geomagnetic Polarity Reversal Time Scale through unraveling the nature of Jurassic Quiet Zone.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tominaga, M.; Tivey, M.; Sager, W.

2017-12-01

Two major difficulties have hindered improving the accuracy of the Late-Mid Jurassic geomagnetic polarity time scale: a dearth of reliable high-resolution radiometric dates and the lack of a continuous Jurassic geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) record. We present the latest effort towards establishing a definitive Mid Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (M-series) GPTS model using three high-resolution, multi-level (sea surface [0 km], mid-water [3 km], and near-source [5.2 km]) marine magnetic profiles from a seamount-free corridor adjacent to the Waghenaer Fracture Zone in the western Pacific Jurassic Quiet Zone (JQZ). The profiles show a global coherency in magnetic anomaly correlations between two mid ocean ridge systems (i.e., Japanese and Hawaiian lineations). Their unprecedented high data resolution documents a detailed anomaly character (i.e., amplitudes and wavelengths). We confirm that this magnetic anomaly record shows a coherent anomaly sequence from M29 back in time to M42 with previously suggested from the Japanese lineation in the Pigafetta Basin. Especially noticeable is the M39-M41 Low Amplitude Zone defined in the Pigafetta Bsin, which potentially defines the bounds of JQZ seafloor. We assessed the anomaly source with regard to the crustal architecture, including the effects of Cretaceous volcanism on crustal magnetization and conclude that the anomaly character faithfully represents changes in geomagnetic field intensity and polarity over time and is mostly free of any overprint of the original Jurassic magnetic remanence by later Cretaceous volcanism. We have constructed polarity block models (RMS <5 nT [normalized] between observed and calculated profiles) for each of the survey lines, yielding three potential GPTS candidate models with different source-to-sensor resolutions, from M19-M38, which can be compared to currently available magnetostratigraphic records. The overall polarity reversal rates calculated from each of the models are

Drought impact assessment from monitoring the seasonality of vegetation condition using long-term time-series satellite images: a case study of Mt. Kenya region.

PubMed

Song, Youngkeun; Njoroge, John B; Morimoto, Yukihiro

2013-05-01

Drought-induced anomalies in vegetation condition over wide areas can be observed by using time-series satellite remote sensing data. Previous methods to assess the anomalies may include limitations in considering (1) the seasonality in terms of each vegetation-cover type, (2) cumulative damage during the drought event, and (3) the application to various types of land cover. This study proposed an improved methodology to assess drought impact from the annual vegetation responses, and discussed the result in terms of diverse landscape mosaics in the Mt. Kenya region (0.4° N 35.8° E ~ 1.6° S 38.4° E). From the 30-year annual rainfall records at the six meteorological stations in the study area, we identified 2000 as the drought year and 2001, 2004, and 2007 as the normal precipitation years. The time-series profiles of vegetation condition in the drought and normal precipitation years were obtained from the values of Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI; Huete et al. 2002), which were acquired from Terra MODIS remote sensing dataset (MOD13Q1) taken every 16 days at the scale of 250-m spatial resolution. The drought impact was determined by integrating the annual differences in EVI profiles between drought and normal conditions, per pixel based on nearly same day of year. As a result, we successfully described the distribution of landscape vulnerability to drought, considering the seasonality of each vegetation-cover type at every MODIS pixel. This result will contribute to the large-scale landscape management of Mt. Kenya region. Future study should improve this method by considering land-use change occurred during the long-term monitoring period.

Synthesis and characterization of a series of Group 4 phenoxy-thiol derivatives

DOE PAGES

Boyle, Timothy J.; Neville, Michael L.; Parkes, Marie V.

2016-02-11

In this study, a series of Group 4 phenoxy-thiols were developed from the reaction products of a series of metal tert-butoxides ([M(OBu t) 4]) with four equivalents of 4-mercaptophenol (H-4MP). The products were found by single crystal X-ray diffraction to adopt the general structure [(HOBu t)(4MP) 3M(μ-4MP)] 2 [where M = Ti (1), Zr (2), Hf (3)] from toluene and [(py) 2M(4MP)] where M = Ti (4), Zr (5) and [(py)(4MP) 3Hf(μ-4MP)] 2 (6) from pyridine (py). Varying the [Ti(OR) 4] precursors (OR = iso-propoxide (OPr i) or neo-pentoxide (ONep)) in toluene led to [(HOR)(4MP) 3Ti(μ-4MP)] 2 (OR = OPrmore » i (7), ONep (8)), which were structurally similar to 1. Lower stoichiometric reactions in toluene led to partial substitution by the 4MP ligands yielding [H][Ti(μ-4MP)(4MP)(ONep) 3] 2 (9). Independent of the stoichiometry, all of the Ti derivatives were found to be red in color, whereas the heavier congeners were colorless. Attempts to understand this phenomenon led to investigation with a series of varied –SH substituted phenols. From the reaction of H-2MP and H-3MP (2-mercaptophenol and 3-mercaptophenol, respectively), the isolated products had identical arrangements: [(ONep) 2(2MP)Ti(μ,η2-2MP)] 2 (10) and [(HOR)(3MP)M(μ-3MP)] 2 (M/OR = Ti/ONep (11); Zr/OBu t (12)) with a similar red color. Based on the simulated and observed UV–Vis spectra, it was reasoned that the color was generated due to a ligand-to-metal charge transfer for Ti that was not available for the larger congeners.« less

Partial duplication of head--a rare congenital anomaly.

PubMed

Hemachandran, Manikkapurath; Radotra, Bishan Dass

2004-10-01

Duplication of notochord results in rare congenital anomalies like double headed monsters, with or without trunk/limb duplication, depending upon the extent of notochordal abnormality. Here we describe the morphological abnormalities in a case of partial duplication of cranial structures with fusion of the two. Autopsy findings suggest that the bifurcation of the neural tube took place around 4th to 6th week of gestation. There are only few reports in English literature describing the autopsy findings of such an anomaly, which is termed as Diprosopus triophthalmus in the modern literature.

Satellite GN and C Anomaly Trends

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Robertson, Brent; Stoneking, Eric

2003-01-01

On-orbit anomaly records for satellites launched from 1990 through 2001 are reviewed to determine recent trends of un-manned space mission critical failures. Anomalies categorized by subsystems show that Guidance, Navigation and Control (GN&C) subsystems have a high number of anomalies that result in a mission critical failure when compared to other subsystems. A mission critical failure is defined as a premature loss of a satellite or loss of its ability to perform its primary mission during its design life. The majority of anomalies are shown to occur early in the mission, usually within one year from launch. GN&C anomalies are categorized by cause and equipment type involved. A statistical analysis of the data is presented for all anomalies compared with the GN&C anomalies for various mission types, orbits and time periods. Conclusions and recommendations are presented for improving mission success and reliability.

Multi-instrument observations of midlatitude summer nighttime anomaly from satellite and ground

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamamoto, Mamoru; Thampi, Smitha V.; Liu, Huixin; Lin, Charles

"Midlatitude Summer Nighttime Anomaly (MSNA)" is a phenomenon that the nighttime elec-tron densities exceed the daytime values on almost all days in summer over latitudes of 33-34N of more. We recently found the MSNA over the northeast Asian region from multi-instrument observations. The observations include the tomography analysis based on the chain of digital beacon receivers at Shionomisaki (33.45N, 135.8E), Shigaraki (34.85N, 136.1E), and Fukui (36.06N,136E), the ionosonde network over Japan (especially data from Wakkanai (45.4N, 141.7E)), ground-based GPS TEC observations using the GEONET. Also from satellites, CHAMP in situ electron density measurements, and Formosat3/COSMIC (F3/C) occultation measurements are useful to confirm the presence of MSNA over this region. In the presen-tation we show detailed features of the MSNA based on these multi-instrument, and discuss importance of the neutral atmosphere as a driver of the phenomenon.

Left-sided and duplicate inferior vena cava: a case series and review.

PubMed

Ang, Wee Choen; Doyle, Terry; Stringer, Mark D

2013-11-01

Left-sided and duplicate inferior vena cava (IVC) are two major anatomical variants within the spectrum of IVC malformations, both of which are developmental abnormalities of the supracardinal veins. Four clinical cases are described to highlight the computed tomographic appearances of these vascular malformations and provide novel data on venous dimensions. A systematic review of the recent literature (2000-2011) was conducted focusing on the anatomy, demographics, and associated pathology (congenital and acquired) of isolated left-sided and duplicate IVC. A total of 73 relevant articles were retrieved, consisting of case reports and small case series. The prevalence of left-sided IVC is about 0.1-0.4% and that for duplicate IVC about 0.3-0.4%; both anomalies show a slight male preponderance. In each condition, there are documented variations in the course and tributaries of the IVC. The clinical importance of these anomalies lies in three principal areas: the potential for misdiagnosis on imaging; technical difficulties during retroperitoneal surgery (particularly abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and live donor nephrectomy); and their significance in relation to the etiology and management of venous thromboembolism. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Isotopic anomalies and proton irradiation in the early solar system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clayton, D. D.; Dwek, E.; Woosley, S. E.

1977-01-01

Nuclear cross sections relevant to the various isotopic-abundance anomalies found in solar-system objects are evaluated in an attempt to set constraints on the hypothesized mechanism of irradiation of forming planetesimals by energetic protons from the young sun. A power-law proton spectrum is adopted, attention is restricted to proton energies less than about 20 MeV, and average cross sections are calculated for several reactions that might be expected to lead to the observed anomalies. The following specific anomalies are examined in detail: Al-26, Na-22, Xe-126, I-129, Kr-80, V-50, Nb-92, La-138, Ta-180, Hg-196, K-40, Ar-36, O-17, O-18, N-15, C-13, Li, Be, and B. It is suggested that the picture of presolar-grain carriers accounts for the facts more naturally than do irradiation models.

Efficacy of vision therapy in children with learning disability and associated binocular vision anomalies.

PubMed

Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana; Shah, Prerana; Ramani, Krishna Kumar; Ramanujan, Lalitha

To report the frequency of binocular vision (BV) anomalies in children with specific learning disorders (SLD) and to assess the efficacy of vision therapy (VT) in children with a non-strabismic binocular vision anomaly (NSBVA). The study was carried out at a centre for learning disability (LD). Comprehensive eye examination and binocular vision assessment was carried out for 94 children (mean (SD) age: 15 (2.2) years) diagnosed with specific learning disorder. BV assessment was done for children with best corrected visual acuity of ≥6/9 - N6, cooperative for examination and free from any ocular pathology. For children with a diagnosis of NSBVA (n=46), 24 children were randomized to VT and no intervention was provided to the other 22 children who served as experimental controls. At the end of 10 sessions of vision therapy, BV assessment was performed for both the intervention and non-intervention groups. Binocular vision anomalies were found in 59 children (62.8%) among which 22% (n=13) had strabismic binocular vision anomalies (SBVA) and 78% (n=46) had a NSBVA. Accommodative infacility (AIF) was the commonest of the NSBVA and found in 67%, followed by convergence insufficiency (CI) in 25%. Post-vision therapy, the intervention group showed significant improvement in all the BV parameters (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p<0.05) except negative fusional vergence. Children with specific learning disorders have a high frequency of binocular vision disorders and vision therapy plays a significant role in improving the BV parameters. Children with SLD should be screened for BV anomalies as it could potentially be an added hindrance to the reading difficulty in this special population. Copyright © 2017 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Behavioral economics without anomalies.

PubMed Central

Rachlin, H

1995-01-01

Behavioral economics is often conceived as the study of anomalies superimposed on a rational system. As research has progressed, anomalies have multiplied until little is left of rationality. Another conception of behavioral economics is based on the axiom that value is always maximized. It incorporates so-called anomalies either as conflicts between temporal patterns of behavior and the individual acts comprising those patterns or as outcomes of nonexponential time discounting. This second conception of behavioral economics is both empirically based and internally consistent. PMID:8551195

How to resum perturbative series in 3d N =2 Chern-Simons matter theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Honda, Masazumi

2016-07-01

Continuing the work of Honda [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 211601 (2016)], we study the perturbative series in general 3d N =2 supersymmetric Chern-Simons matter theory with U (1 )R symmetry, which is given by a power series expansion of inverse Chern-Simons levels. We find that the perturbative series is usually non-Borel summable along a positive real axis for various observables. Alternatively, we prove that the perturbative series is always Borel summable along a negative (positive) imaginary axis for positive (negative) Chern-Simons levels. It turns out that the Borel resummations along this direction are the same as the exact results and, therefore, are correct ways of resumming the perturbative series.

Europium and strontium anomalies in the MORB source mantle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Ming; McDonough, William F.; Ash, Richard D.

2017-01-01

Lower crustal recycling depletes the continental crust of Eu and Sr and returns Eu and Sr enriched materials into the mantle (e.g., Tang et al., 2015, Geology). To test the hypothesis that the MORB source mantle balances the Eu and Sr deficits in the continental crust, we carried out high precision Eu/Eu∗ and Sr/Sr∗ measurement for 72 MORB glasses with MgO >8.5% from the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic mid-ocean ridges. MORB glasses with MgO ⩾ 9 wt.% have a mean Eu/Eu∗ of 1.025 ± 0.025 (2 σm, n = 46) and Sr/Sr∗ of 1.242 ± 0.093 (2 σm, n = 41) and these ratios are positively correlated. These samples show both positive and negative Eu and Sr anomalies, with no correlations between Eu/Eu∗ vs. MgO or Sr/Sr∗ vs. MgO, suggesting that the anomalies are not produced by plagioclase fractionation at MgO >9 wt.% and, thus, other processes must be responsible for generating the anomalies. We term these MORB samples primitive MORBs, as they record the melt Eu/Eu∗ and Sr/Sr∗ before plagioclase fractionation. Consequently, the mean oceanic crust, including cumulates, has a bulk Eu/Eu∗ of ∼1 and 20% Sr excess. Considering that divalent Sr and Eu(II) diffuse faster than trivalent Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd, we evaluated this kinetic effect on Sm-Eu-Gd and Pr-Sr-Nd fractionations during spinel peridotite partial melting in the MORB source mantle. Our modeling shows that the correlated Eu and Sr anomalies seen in primitive MORBs may result from disequilibrium mantle melting. Melt fractions produced during early- and late-stage melting may carry positive and negative Eu and Sr anomalies, respectively, that overlap with the ranges documented in primitive MORBs. Because the net effect of disequilibrium melting is to produce partial melts with bulk positive Eu and Sr anomalies, the MORB source mantle must have Eu/Eu∗ < 1.025 ± 0.025 (2 σm) and Sr/Sr∗ < 1.242 ± 0.093 (2 σm). Although we cannot rule out the possibility that recycled lower continental crustal

Dental Anomalies in a Brazilian Cleft Population.

PubMed

Sá, Jamile; Mariano, Lorena C; Canguçu, Daiane; Coutinho, Thaynara S L; Hoshi, Ryuichi; Medrado, Alena Peixoto; Martelli-Junior, Hercílio; Coletta, Ricardo D; Reis, Silvia R A

2016-11-01

  The aim of this study was to radiographically investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies outside the cleft area in a group of Brazilian patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P).   A retrospective analysis of 207 panoramic radiographs of patients with NSCL/P aged 12 to 45 years without history of tooth extraction and orthodontic treatment was performed.   Dental anomalies were found in 75.4% of the patients, and tooth agenesis (29.2%) and supernumerary tooth (2.6%) were the most common anomalies. The risk of agenesis was higher among the individuals with cleft palate (CP) compared with individuals with cleft lip (CL) and cleft lip and palate (CLP) (agenesis: CP versus CL: odds ratio 6.27, 95% confidence interval 2.21-17.8, P = .0003; CP versus CLP: odds ratio 2.94; 95% confidence interval 1.27-6.81, P = .01). The frequency of dental agenesis was higher in patients with unilateral complete CLP (agenesis: P < .0001), incomplete bilateral CLP (agenesis: P = .0013), complete CP (agenesis: P < .0001), and incomplete CP (agenesis: P < .0001). The frequency of supernumerary teeth was higher in patients with bilateral complete CLP (P < .0001). The frequency of dental agenesis (P < .0001) and ectopic tooth (P = .009) was higher than the frequency estimated for general population.   The prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with NSCL/P was higher than that reported in overall population. This study found preferential associations between dental anomalies and specific extensions of NSCL/P, suggesting that dental agenesis and ectopic tooth may be part of oral cleft subphenotypes.

[Mass anomalies of the extremities in anurans].

PubMed

Kovalenko, E E

2000-01-01

The author analyses literature data on anomalies of limbs in Anura. It is shown that published data is usually not enough to discuss either conditions of appearance or the causes of anomalies. Traditional statistical methods does not adequately characterise the frequency of anomalies. The author suggests a new criteria for ascertaining the fact of appearance of mass anomalies. A number of experimental data don't correspond to current theoretical ideas about the nature of anomalies. It is considered to distinguish "background" and "mass" anomalies. "Background" anomalies can not be a good indicator of unfavourable condition of development.

The prevalence of dental anomalies in an Australian population.

PubMed

Dang, H Q; Constantine, S; Anderson, P J

2017-06-01

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies within an Australian paediatric population using panoramic radiographs. This was a prospective review of 1050 panoramic radiographs obtained as part of a school dental screening program in suburban and rural New South Wales, Australia. Fifty-four (5.14%) patients had a dental anomaly present. Agenesis was noted to have occurred 69 times across 45 patients (4.28%), along with seven cases of impaction (0.6%) and three cases of supernumerary teeth (0.28%). Dental anomalies rarely occur in the Australian population, which possesses a wide-ranging multiethnic cohort. Despite their rarity, they can be incidentally discovered so identification and management by dental practitioners are important. © 2016 Australian Dental Association.

The True- and Eccentric-Anomaly Parameterizations of the Perturbed Kepler Motion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gergely, László Á.; Perjés, Zoltán I.; Vasúth, Mátyás

2000-01-01

The true- and eccentric-anomaly parameterizations of the Kepler motion are generalized to quasi-periodic orbits, by considering perturbations of the radial part of the kinetic energy in the form of a series of negative powers of the orbital radius. A toolbox of methods for averaging observables as functions of the energy E and angular momentum L is developed. A broad range of systems governed by the generic Brumberg force, as well as recent applications in the theory of gravitational radiation, involve integrals of these functions over a period of motion. These integrals are evaluated by using the residue theorem. In the course of this work, two important questions emerge: (1) When do the true- and eccentric-anomaly parameters exist? (2) Under what circumstances, and why, are the poles in the origin? The purpose of this paper is to find the answer to these queries.

Pregnancy interruption after second trimester diagnosis of fetal structural anomalies: the New Jersey Fetal Abnormalities Registry.

PubMed

Rauch, Eden R; Smulian, John C; DePrince, Kristin; Ananth, Cande V; Marcella, Stephen W

2005-10-01

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that predict a decision to interrupt a pregnancy in which there are fetal anomalies in the second trimester. The New Jersey Fetal Abnormalities Registry prospectively recruits and collects information on pregnancies (> or = 15 weeks of gestation) from New Jersey residents in whom a fetal structural anomaly has been suspected by maternal-fetal medicine specialists. Enrolled pregnancies that have major fetal structural abnormalities identified from 15 to 23 weeks of gestation were included. Outcomes were classified as either elective interruption or a natural pregnancy course, which might include a spontaneous fetal death or live birth. Predictors of elective interruption of pregnancy were examined with univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Of the 97 cases, 33% of the women (n = 32) interrupted the pregnancy. Significant variables in the regression model that were associated with a decision to interrupt a pregnancy were earlier identification of fetal anomalies (19.0 +/- 2 weeks of gestation vs 20.5 +/- 2 weeks of gestation; P = .003), the presence of multiple anomalies (78% [25/32] vs 52% [33/63]; P = .01], and a presumption of lethality (56% [18/32] vs 14% [9/65]; P = .0001). These variables corresponded to an odds ratio for pregnancy interruption of 4.2 (95% CI, 1.0, 17.0) for multiple anomalies, 0.8 (95% CI, 0.7, 1.0) for each week of advancing gestational age, and 36.1 (95% CI, 2.9, 450.7) for presumed lethal abnormalities. Early diagnosis, the identification of multiple abnormalities, and an assessment of likely lethality of fetal anomalies are important factors for the optimization of parental autonomy in deciding pregnancy management.

Polarization-enhanced InGaN/GaN-based hybrid tunnel junction contacts to GaN p-n diodes and InGaN LEDs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mughal, Asad J.; Young, Erin C.; Alhassan, Abdullah I.; Back, Joonho; Nakamura, Shuji; Speck, James S.; DenBaars, Steven P.

2017-12-01

Improved turn-on voltages and reduced series resistances were realized by depositing highly Si-doped n-type GaN using molecular beam epitaxy on polarization-enhanced p-type InGaN contact layers grown using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. We compared the effects of different Si doping concentrations and the addition of p-type InGaN on the forward voltages of p-n diodes and light-emitting diodes, and found that increasing the Si concentrations from 1.9 × 1020 to 4.6 × 1020 cm-3 and including a highly doped p-type InGaN at the junction both contributed to reductions in the depletion width, the series resistance of 4.2 × 10-3-3.4 × 10-3 Ω·cm2, and the turn-on voltages of the diodes.

Investigation of the Crust of the Pannonian Basin, Hungary Using Low-Altitude CHAMP Horizontal Gradient Magnetic Anomalies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taylor, Patrick T.; Kis, Karoly I.; Puszta, Sandor; Wittmann, Geza; Kim, Hyung Rae; Toronyi, B.

2011-01-01

The Pannonian Basin is a deep intra-continental basin that formed as part of the Alpine orogeny. It is some 600 by 500 km in area and centered on Hungary. This area was chosen since it has one of the thinnest continental crusts in Europe and is the region of complex tectonic structures. In order to study the nature of the crustal basement we used the long-wavelength magnetic anomalies acquired by the CHAMP satellite. The SWARM constellation, scheduled to be launched next year, will have two lower altitude satellites flying abreast, with a separation of between ca. 150 to 200 km. to record the horizontal magnetic gradient. Since the CHAMP satellite has been in orbit for eight years and has obtained an extensive range of data, both vertically and horizontally there is a large enough data base to compute the horizontal magnetic gradients over the Pannonian Basin region using these many CHAMP orbits. We recomputed a satellite magnetic anomaly map, using the spherical-cap method of Haines (1985), the technique of Alsdorf et al. (1994) and from spherical harmonic coefficients of MF6 (Maus et aI., 2008) employing the latest and lowest altitude CHAMP data. We then computed the horizontal magnetic anomaly gradients (Kis and Puszta, 2006) in order to determine how these component data will improve our interpretation and to preview what the SW ARM mission will reveal with reference to the horizontal gradient anomalies. The gradient amplitude of an 1000 km northeast-southwest profile through our horizontal component anomaly map varied from 0 to 0.025 nT/km with twin positive anomalies (0.025 and 0.023 nT/km) separated by a sharp anomaly negative at o nT/km. Horizontal gradient indicate major magnetization boundaries in the crust (Dole and Jordan, 1978 and Cordell and Grauch, 1985). Our gradient anomaly was modeled with a twodimensional body and the anomaly, of some 200 km, correlates with a 200 km area of crustal thinning in the southwestern Pannonian Basin.

Hypomyelination, Hypodontia, Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (4H) Syndrome With Vertebral Anomalies: A Novel Association.

PubMed

Muthusamy, Karthik; Sudhakar, Sniya V; Yoganathan, Sangeetha; Thomas, Maya Mary; Alexander, Mathew

2015-06-01

Hypomyelination, hypodontia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (4H) syndrome is a rare hypomyelination disorder with around 40 cases reported worldwide. Children with hypomyelination, hypodontia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism syndrome present with varying degrees of developmental delay with a spastic ataxic syndrome with delayed eruption of teeth along with disruption in the eruption sequence, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and a fluctuating clinical course with intercurrent infections and varying periods of stability. The disorder is caused by mutations in POL3A and POL3B genes and is collectively termed as pol III-related leukodystrophies. Here we describe 2 children with hypomyelination, hypodontia, hypogonadotropic, hypogonadism syndrome and the association of multiple vertebral fusion anomalies in one of them, which has not been previously described in the literature. We conclude that the spectrum of the disorder is not limited to brain parenchyma alone and involves all the structures arising from neural ectoderm, and this needs further research. © The Author(s) 2014.

Assessment of relative Ti, Ta, and Nb (TiTaN) enrichments in global ocean island basalts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peters, B.; Day, J. M.

2013-12-01

The relative sensitivity of trace element concentrations to processes governing solid-melt and solid-fluid interactions has made them particularly useful for tracing the effects of partial melting, fractional crystallization, metasomatism and similar processes on the composition of a parental melt to a rock or mineral. Radiogenic and stable isotope compositions, in contrast, can provide information on the long-term history and provenance of magmas. Despite the distinct information derived from relative and absolute abundances of trace elements compared with isotopes, numerous studies of ocean island basalts (OIB) have attempted to use trace elements as diagnostic geochemical tracers to understand parental magma compositions. In particular, attempts have been made to correlate 'TiTaN' (Ti, Ta and Nb) anomalies to the He-Os isotopic compositions of OIB based on contributions from recycled eclogite, a theoretical high-TiTaN reservoir, and peridotite, a theoretical high-3He/4He reservoir (Jackson, et al., 2008 G-cubed). These authors have proposed that TiTaN anomalies can be used as independent indicators for recycled oceanic crust and lithospheric mantle in OIB sources, a distinction previously reserved for isotopic data. However, TiTaN anomalies appear uncorrelated to OIB mantle source composition for three reasons. First, a new geochemical compilation of global OIB shows a wide range of Ti (Ti/Ti* = 0.28 - 2.35), Ta (Ta/Ta* = 0.11 - 93.42) and Nb (Nb/Nb* = 0.13 - 17.79) anomalies that do not correlated with each other or noble gas systematics, indicating that: (i) TiTaN anomalies alone do not correspond to the primitive source traced by high-3He/4He or the solar neon component and (ii) Ti, Ta and Nb anomalies may each reflect distinct processes or origins, rather than tracing a single source or process together. Second, positive Ti anomalies can be generated by low-degree (1-10%), non-modal batch partial melting of garnet lherzolite at temperatures and pressures

Acoustic properties of quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2ClO4 in the relaxed state: Superconductivity and FISDW anomalies.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Langlois, Alexandre; Poirier, Mario; Bourbonnais, Claude; Bechgaard, Klaus

2008-03-01

Through competing electronic instabilities, the anion sublattice plays an important role in the rich phase diagram of the Bechgaard salts. In the quasi-one-dimensional organic conductor (TMTSF)2ClO4, anion ordering at 24 K affects the nesting properties of the Fermi surface and controls the stability of the superconducting phase below 1.2 K at ambient pressure. Moreover, the field induced spin density wave phases FISDW, one of the several features induced by a magnetic field in this compound, are also sensitive to the symmetry of the anions. In order to address the coupling issue between the lattice and these electronic instabilities, we have performed the first ultrasonic measurements on (TMTSF)2ClO4 in the relaxed state below 4 K using longitudinal and transverses waves (30-500 MHz). If low-frequency vibrating reed experiments have revealed magneto-elastic anomalies in the FISDW phases [1], the superconducting one was never investigated by similar techniques. We report anomalies in the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation for the superconducting and the FISDW phases. The coupling of these phases to the lattice is discussed in relation with the known T-B phase diagram. [1] X.D. Shi et al., Phys. Rev. B. 50, 1984 (1994).

Interannual variability of western North Pacific SST anomalies and its impact on North Pacific and North America

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Jae-Heung; An, Soon-Il; Kug, Jong-Seong

2017-12-01

In this study, the interannual variability of sea surface temperature (SST) and its atmospheric teleconnection over the western North Pacific (WNP) toward the North Pacific/North America during boreal winter are investigated. First, we defined the WNP mode as the first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode of SST anomalies over the WNP region (100-165°E, 0-35°N), of which the principle component time-series are significantly correlated with several well-known climate modes such as the warm pool mode which is the second EOF mode of the tropical to North Pacific SST anomalies, North Pacific oscillation (NPO), North Pacific gyre oscillation (NPGO), and central Pacific (CP)-El Niño at 95% confidence level, but not correlated with the eastern Pacific (EP)-El Niño. The warm phase of the WNP mode (sea surface warming) is initiated by anomalous southerly winds through reduction of wind speed with the background of northerly mean winds over the WNP during boreal winter, i.e., reduced evaporative cooling. Meanwhile, the atmospheric response to the SST warming pattern and its diabatic heating further enhance the southerly wind anomaly, referred to the wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback. Thus, the WNP mode is developed and maintained through winter until spring, when the northerly mean wind disappears. Furthermore, it is also known that anomalous upper-level divergence associated with WNP mode leads to the NPO-like structure over the North Pacific and the east-west pressure contrast pattern over the North America through Rossby wave propagation, impacting the climate over the North Pacific and North America.

Apollo experience report: Flight anomaly resolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lobb, J. D.

1975-01-01

The identification of flight anomalies, the determination of their causes, and the approaches taken for corrective action are described. Interrelationships of the broad range of disciplines involved with the complex systems and the team concept employed to ensure timely and accurate resolution of anomalies are discussed. The documentation techniques and the techniques for management of anomaly resolution are included. Examples of specific anomalies are presented in the original form of their progressive documentation. Flight anomaly resolution functioned as a part of the real-time mission support and postflight testing, and results were included in the postflight documentation.

Systemic and intensifying drought induces collapse and replacement of native fishes: a time-series approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruhi, A.; Olden, J. D.; Sabo, J. L.

2015-12-01

In the American Southwest, hydrologic drought has become a new normal as a result of increasing human appropriation of freshwater resources and increased aridity associated with global warming. Although drought has often been touted to threaten freshwater biodiversity, connecting drought to extinction risk of highly-imperiled faunas remains a challenge. Here we combine time-series methods from signal processing and econometrics to analyze a spatially comprehensive and long-term dataset to link discharge variation and community abundance of fish across the American Southwest. This novel time series framework identifies ongoing trends in daily discharge anomalies across the Southwest, quantifies the effect of the historical hydrologic drivers on fish community abundance, and allows us to simulate species trajectories and range-wide risk of decline (quasiextinction) under scenarios of future climate. Spectral anomalies are declining over the last 30 years in at least a quarter of the stream gaging stations across the American Southwest and these anomalies are robust predictors of historical abundance of native and non-native fishes. Quasiextinction probabilities are high (>50 %) for nearly ¾ of the native species across several large river basins in the same region; and the negative trend in annual anomalies increases quasiextinction risk for native but reduces this risk for non-native fishes. These findings suggest that ongoing drought is causing range-wide collapse and replacement of native fish faunas, and that this homogenization of western fish faunas will continue given the prevailing negative trend in discharge anomalies. Additionally, this combination of methods can be applied elsewhere as long as environmental and biological long-term time-series data are available. Collectively, these methods allow identifying the link between hydroclimatic forcing and ecological responses and thus may help anticipating the potential impacts of ongoing and future hydrologic

Thermoelectric Performance and Defect Chemistry in n-Type Zintl KGaSb 4

DOE PAGES

Ortiz, Brenden R.; Gorai, Prashun; Stevanovic, Vladan; ...

2017-05-08

The rise of high-throughput calculations has accelerated the discovery of promising classes of thermoelectric materials. In prior work, we identified the n-type Zintl pnictides as one such material class. To date, however, a lack of detailed defect calculations and chemical intuition has led the community to investigate p-type Zintls almost exclusively. Here, we investigate the synthesis, thermoelectric properties, and defect structure of the complex Zintl KGaSb 4. We find that KGaSb 4 is successfully doped n-type with Ba and has the potential for p-type doping with Zn. Our calculations reveal the fundamental defect structure in KGaSb 4 that enables n-typemore » and p-type doping. We find that Ba doped KGaSb4 exhibits high electronic mobility (~50 cm 2V -1s -1) and near minimum lattice thermal conductivity (<0.5 Wm -1K -1) at 400 °C. Samples doped with 1.5% Ba achieve zT > 0.9 at 400 °C, promising for a previously unstudied material. Here, we also briefly investigate the series of alloys between KGaSb 4 and KAlSb 4, finding that a full solid solution exists. Altogether our work reinforces motivation for the exploration of n-type Zintl materials, especially in tandem with high-throughput defect calculations to inform selection of effective dopants and systems amenable to n-type transport.« less

Thermoelectric Performance and Defect Chemistry in n-Type Zintl KGaSb 4

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ortiz, Brenden R.; Gorai, Prashun; Stevanovic, Vladan

The rise of high-throughput calculations has accelerated the discovery of promising classes of thermoelectric materials. In prior work, we identified the n-type Zintl pnictides as one such material class. To date, however, a lack of detailed defect calculations and chemical intuition has led the community to investigate p-type Zintls almost exclusively. Here, we investigate the synthesis, thermoelectric properties, and defect structure of the complex Zintl KGaSb 4. We find that KGaSb 4 is successfully doped n-type with Ba and has the potential for p-type doping with Zn. Our calculations reveal the fundamental defect structure in KGaSb 4 that enables n-typemore » and p-type doping. We find that Ba doped KGaSb4 exhibits high electronic mobility (~50 cm 2V -1s -1) and near minimum lattice thermal conductivity (<0.5 Wm -1K -1) at 400 °C. Samples doped with 1.5% Ba achieve zT > 0.9 at 400 °C, promising for a previously unstudied material. Here, we also briefly investigate the series of alloys between KGaSb 4 and KAlSb 4, finding that a full solid solution exists. Altogether our work reinforces motivation for the exploration of n-type Zintl materials, especially in tandem with high-throughput defect calculations to inform selection of effective dopants and systems amenable to n-type transport.« less

Presentation and Treatment of Poland Anomaly.

PubMed

Buckwalter V, Joseph A; Shah, Apurva S

2016-12-01

Background: Poland anomaly is a sporadic, phenotypically variable congenital condition usually characterized by unilateral pectoral muscle agenesis and ipsilateral hand deformity. Methods: A comprehensive review of the medical literature on Poland anomaly was performed using a Medline search. Results: Poland anomaly is a sporadic, phenotypically variable congenital condition usually characterized by unilateral, simple syndactyly with ipsilateral limb hypoplasia and pectoralis muscle agenesis. Operative management of syndactyly in Poland anomaly is determined by the severity of hand involvement and the resulting anatomical dysfunction. Syndactyly reconstruction is recommended in all but the mildest cases because most patients with Poland anomaly have notable brachydactyly, and digital separation can improve functional length. Conclusions: Improved understanding the etiology and presentation of Poland anomaly can improve clinician recognition and management of this rare congenital condition.

Presentation and Treatment of Poland Anomaly

PubMed Central

Buckwalter V, Joseph A.; Shah, Apurva S.

2016-01-01

Background: Poland anomaly is a sporadic, phenotypically variable congenital condition usually characterized by unilateral pectoral muscle agenesis and ipsilateral hand deformity. Methods: A comprehensive review of the medical literature on Poland anomaly was performed using a Medline search. Results: Poland anomaly is a sporadic, phenotypically variable congenital condition usually characterized by unilateral, simple syndactyly with ipsilateral limb hypoplasia and pectoralis muscle agenesis. Operative management of syndactyly in Poland anomaly is determined by the severity of hand involvement and the resulting anatomical dysfunction. Syndactyly reconstruction is recommended in all but the mildest cases because most patients with Poland anomaly have notable brachydactyly, and digital separation can improve functional length. Conclusions: Improved understanding the etiology and presentation of Poland anomaly can improve clinician recognition and management of this rare congenital condition. PMID:28149203

System for closure of a physical anomaly

DOEpatents

Bearinger, Jane P; Maitland, Duncan J; Schumann, Daniel L; Wilson, Thomas S

2014-11-11

Systems for closure of a physical anomaly. Closure is accomplished by a closure body with an exterior surface. The exterior surface contacts the opening of the anomaly and closes the anomaly. The closure body has a primary shape for closing the anomaly and a secondary shape for being positioned in the physical anomaly. The closure body preferably comprises a shape memory polymer.

A Fourteen-Year Experience with Vascular Anomalies Encountered during Transaxillary Rib Resection for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.

PubMed

Yi, Jeniann A; Johnston, Robert J; Nehler, Mark R; Gibula, Douglas R; Alix, Kristen; Glebova, Natalia O; Brantigan, Charles O

2017-04-01

Transaxillary approach to first rib resection and scalenectomy (TAFRRS) is a well-established technique for treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). Although anatomic features encountered during TAFRRS are in general constant, vascular anomalies may be encountered but have not been described to date. Herein we describe vascular abnormalities encountered during TAFRRS. We performed a retrospective review of a prospective practice database of 224 operations for TOS performed in 172 patients from March 2000 to March 2014. We excluded 10 patients with missing operative reports, 3 reoperations on the same patient, and 8 non-transaxillary resections. We recorded vascular anomalies identified in operative reports and reviewed computed tomography imaging to delineate the nature of these abnormalities. The overall incidence of vascular anomalies was 11% (22 of 203 TAFRRS). Most patients with anomalies had venous TOS (vTOS) (9 patients, 41%), followed by 7 (32%) with neurogenic TOS (nTOS). The remainder of the patients had arterial TOS (aTOS) (6 patients, 27%). Seven patients (32%) had an abnormal subclavian artery (SCA) with 5 (23%) having an abnormal arterial course in the anterior scalene muscle (ASM); 6 patients (27%) had an abnormal internal mammary artery (IMA) originating from distal SCA; 4 (18%) had abnormalities in the supreme thoracic artery (bifurcation or duplication); 2 (9%) had an abnormal branch from the SCA with anomalous location in the operative field; and 3 (14%) had an abnormal large venous branch penetrating the ASM. In the 19 patients with arterial anomalies, 8 (42%) were recognized as arterial branches penetrating the ASM, and 11 (58%) were noticed as they had anomalous arterial locations within the operative field. Most arterial anomalies were seen in vTOS (9, 45%), followed by nTOS (7, 35%). No intraoperative vascular complications occurred. Perioperative complications included 1 occurrence of postoperative transfusion for bleeding following

Dental anomalies in pediatric patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

PubMed

Septer, Seth; Bohaty, Brenda; Onikul, Robin; Kumar, Vandana; Williams, Karen B; Attard, Thomas M; Friesen, Craig A; Friesen, Lynn Roosa

2018-04-01

Familial adenomatous polyposis patients often present with non-malignant extra-intestinal manifestations which include dental anomalies that may be evident prior to the appearance of the colonic adenomas. The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence and type of dental anomalies and the relationships between gene mutations and dental anomalies in these patients. Twenty-two pediatric familial adenomatous polyposis patients and 46 controls, who were age and gender matched participated. Familial adenomatous polyposis patient's had a dental examination with panoramic radiograph and medical record review for age at diagnosis, the presence of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene mutation, and determination of other extra-intestinal manifestations on the body. The control group was identified from a retrospective chart review and selected if there was a current panoramic radiograph. The only significant difference between familial adenomatous polyposis patients and controls were the presence of jaw osteomas and sclerosis (p = .0001). Patients with a mutation in, or upstream of codon 1309 had a higher frequency of osteomas (77.8%) and jaw-bone sclerosis (44.4%), and 77% of these had at least one dental anomaly. This preliminary study showed an association between a genetic variant at, or upstream of codon 1309, and radiographic dental anomalies.

Changing composition of renal calculi in patients with musculoskeletal anomalies.

PubMed

Gnessin, Ehud; Mandeville, Jessica A; Handa, Shelly E; Lingeman, James E

2011-09-01

Calculi from patients with musculoskeletal (MS) anomalies who are largely immobile and prone to urinary infections have been traditionally composed primarily of struvite and carbonate apatite. Because of substantial improvements in the care of these patients in recent decades, stone etiology may have shifted from infectious to metabolic. We assessed the composition of renal calculi and metabolic characteristics in a contemporary cohort of patients with MS anomalies who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent PCNL between April 1999 and June 2009 and had follow-up 24-hour urine studies was performed. Patients with MS anomalies included spinal cord injury, myelomeningocele, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, or other clinical syndromes causing kyphoscoliosis and contractures. Our cohort included 33 patients with MS anomalies and 334 consecutive patients as a control group who underwent PCNL and had metabolic workup. Stones were infectious in etiology in 18.4% and 6.2% in MS and control groups, respectively. Thus, most patients harbored stones of metabolic origin. Metabolic stones in the MS group were composed of 52.7% hydroxyapatite, 10.5% calcium oxalate, 7.9% brushite, 2.6% uric acid, 0% cystine, and 7.9% other. Metabolic stones in the control group were 50.5% calcium oxalate, 16.4% hydroxyapatite, 11.5% brushite, 10.8% uric acid, 4.3% cystine, and 0.3% other. Mean 24-hour urine values for patients with metabolic stones in MS/control groups were volume 2.18/1.87 L/d, pH 6.78/6.05, calcium to creatinine ratio 220/151 mg/g, and oxalate 44.8/39.5 mg/d. Although patients with MS anomalies are traditionally thought to harbor infection-related calculi, most will be found to have calculi of metabolic etiology. The incidence of calcium phosphate stones is high in this group of patients, perhaps reflecting their high urinary pH.

Ionization of nS, nP, and nD lithium, potassium, and cesium Rydberg atoms by blackbody radiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beterov, I. I.; Ryabtsev, I. I.; Tretyakov, D. B.; Bezuglov, N. N.; Ékers, A.

2008-07-01

The results of theoretical calculations of the blackbody ionization rates of lithium, potassium, and cesium atoms residing in Rydberg states are presented. The calculations are performed for nS, nP, and nD states in a wide range of principal quantum numbers, n = 8-65, for blackbody radiation temperatures T = 77, 300, and 600 K. The calculations are performed using the known quasi-classical formulas for the photoionization cross sections and for the radial matrix elements of transitions in the discrete spectrum. The effect of the blackbody-radiation-induced population redistribution between Rydberg states on the blackbody ionization rates measured under laboratory conditions is quantitatively analyzed. Simple analytical formulas that approximate the numerical results and that can be used to estimate the blackbody ionization rates of Rydberg atoms are presented. For the S series of lithium, the rate of population of high-lying Rydberg levels by blackbody radiation is found to anomalously behave as a function of n. This anomaly is similar to the occurrence of the Cooper minimum in the discrete spectrum.

Road Anomalies Detection System Evaluation.

PubMed

Silva, Nuno; Shah, Vaibhav; Soares, João; Rodrigues, Helena

2018-06-21

Anomalies on road pavement cause discomfort to drivers and passengers, and may cause mechanical failure or even accidents. Governments spend millions of Euros every year on road maintenance, often causing traffic jams and congestion on urban roads on a daily basis. This paper analyses the difference between the deployment of a road anomalies detection and identification system in a “conditioned” and a real world setup, where the system performed worse compared to the “conditioned” setup. It also presents a system performance analysis based on the analysis of the training data sets; on the analysis of the attributes complexity, through the application of PCA techniques; and on the analysis of the attributes in the context of each anomaly type, using acceleration standard deviation attributes to observe how different anomalies classes are distributed in the Cartesian coordinates system. Overall, in this paper, we describe the main insights on road anomalies detection challenges to support the design and deployment of a new iteration of our system towards the deployment of a road anomaly detection service to provide information about roads condition to drivers and government entities.

Observing the 2013 and other anomalies in the deglaciation of Greenland by GRACE and GNET GPS.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knudsen, P.; Madsen, F. B.; Bevis, M. G.; Khan, S. A.

2016-12-01

Between the start of 2003 and the middle 2013, the total mass of ice in Greenland declined at an accelerating rate, and this rate increases nearly constantly of about 24 Gt per year. Then, a dramatic reversal occurred, and almost no additional ice mass was lost in the subsequent two years. In 2015 the melting had resumed reducing the ice mass in Greenland. We use observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and a network of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to study both the decade of accelerating ice loss, and the subsequent `pause', focusing on the space-time structure of changes in ice mass. We use a spatial basis set of spherical Legendre polynomials, and assume that the temporal variation in mass can be expressed using a 4-term Fourier series (i.e. an annual cycle) superimposed on a polynomial in time (i.e. a trend). We show that the spatial pattern of the sustained, decade-long acceleration and of the mass anomaly associated with the melt anomalies are very similar, and so manifest the footprint of the ice sheet's sensitivity to climate change at the wavelengths resolved by GRACE.

Iridium Anomaly Approximately Synchronous with Terminal Eocene Extinctions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alvarez, Walter; Asaro, Frank; Michel, Helen V.; Alvarez, Luis W.

1982-05-01

An iridium anomaly has been found in coincidence with the known microtektite level in cores from Deep Sea Drilling Project site 149 in the Caribbean Sea. The iridium was probably not in the microtektites but deposited simultaneously with them; this could occur if the iridium was deposited from a dust cloud resulting from a bolide impact, as suggested for the anomaly associated with the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Other workers have deduced that the microtektites are part of the North American strewn tektite field, which is dated at about 34 million years before present, and that the microtektite horizon in deep-sea cores is synchronous with the extinction of five radiolarian species. Mass extinctions also occur in terrestrial mammals within 4 million years of this time. The iridium anomaly and the tektites and microtektites are supportive of a major bolide impact about 34 million years ago.

The series Bi2Sr2Ca(n-1) Cu(n)O(2n+4) (1 less than or equal to n less than or equal to 5): Phase stability and superconducting properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deguire, Mark R.; Bansal, Narottam P.; Farrell, David E.; Finan, Valerie; Kim, Cheol J.; Hills, Bethanie J.; Allen, Christopher J.

1989-01-01

Phase relations at 850 and 870 C, melting transitions in air, oxygen, and helium were studied for Bi(2.1)Sr(1.9) CuO6 and for the Bi2Sr2Ca(n-1) Cu(n)O(2n+4) for n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and infinity (CaCuO2). Up to 870 C, the n = 2 composition resides in the compatibility tetrahedron bounded by Bi(2+x)(Sr,Ca)(3-y) Cu2O8, (Sr,Ca)14 Cu24O41, Ca2CuO3, and a Bi-Sr-Ca-O phase. The n is greater than or equal to 3 compositions reside in the compatibility tetrahedron Bi(2+x)(Sr,Ca)(3-y) Cu2O8 - (Sr,Ca)14 Cu24O41 - Ca2CuO3 - CuO up to 850 C. However, Bi(2+x)Sr(4-y) Cu3O10 forms for n is greater than or equal to 3 after extended heating at 870 C. Bi(2+x)Sr(2-y) CuO6 and Bi(2+x)(Sr,Ca)(3-y) Cu2O8 melt in air at 914 C and 895 C respectively. During melting, all of the compositions studied lose 1 to 2 percent by weight of oxygen from the reduction of copper. Bi(2+x)Sr(2-y) CuO6, Bi(2+n)(Sr,Ca)(3-y) Cu2O8, and Bi(2+x)(Sr,Ca)(4-y) Cu3O10 exhibit crystallographic alignment in a magnetic field, with the c-axes orienting parallel to the field.

Gravity Anomalies

NASA Image and Video Library

2015-04-15

Analysis of radio tracking data have enabled maps of the gravity field of Mercury to be derived. In this image, overlain on a mosaic obtained by MESSENGER's Mercury Dual Imaging System and illuminated with a shape model determined from stereo-photoclinometry, Mercury's gravity anomalies are depicted in colors. Red tones indicate mass concentrations, centered on the Caloris basin (center) and the Sobkou region (right limb). Such large-scale gravitational anomalies are signatures of subsurface structure and evolution. The north pole is near the top of the sunlit area in this view. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA19285

Hamiltonian Anomalies from Extended Field Theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monnier, Samuel

2015-09-01

We develop a proposal by Freed to see anomalous field theories as relative field theories, namely field theories taking value in a field theory in one dimension higher, the anomaly field theory. We show that when the anomaly field theory is extended down to codimension 2, familiar facts about Hamiltonian anomalies can be naturally recovered, such as the fact that the anomalous symmetry group admits only a projective representation on the Hilbert space, or that the latter is really an abelian bundle gerbe over the moduli space. We include in the discussion the case of non-invertible anomaly field theories, which is relevant to six-dimensional (2, 0) superconformal theories. In this case, we show that the Hamiltonian anomaly is characterized by a degree 2 non-abelian group cohomology class, associated to the non-abelian gerbe playing the role of the state space of the anomalous theory. We construct Dai-Freed theories, governing the anomalies of chiral fermionic theories, and Wess-Zumino theories, governing the anomalies of Wess-Zumino terms and self-dual field theories, as extended field theories down to codimension 2.

Congenital hand anomalies in Upper Egypt

PubMed Central

Abulezz, Tarek; Talaat, Mohamed; Elsani, Asem; Allam, Karam

2016-01-01

Background: Congenital hand anomalies are numerous and markedly variant. Their significance is attributed to the frequent occurrence and their serious social, psychological and functional impacts on patient's life. Patients and Methods: This is a follow-up study of 64 patients with hand anomalies of variable severity. All patients were presented to Plastic Surgery Department of Sohag University Hospital in a period of 24 months. Results: This study revealed that failure of differentiation and duplication deformities were the most frequent, with polydactyly was the most common anomaly encountered. The mean age of presentation was 6 years and female to male ratio was 1.46:1. Hand anomalies were either isolated, associated with other anomalies or part of a syndrome. Conclusion: Incidence of congenital hand anomalies in Upper Egypt is difficult to be estimated due to social and cultural concepts, lack of education, poor registration and deficient medical survey. Management of hand anomalies should be individualised, carefully planned and started as early as possible to achieve the best outcome. PMID:27833283

Magnetic Anomaly Detection by Remote Means

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-21

REFERENCES 1. W. Happer, "Laser Remote Sensing of Magnetic Fields in the Atmosphere by Two-Photon Optical Pumping of Xe 129,” , NADC Report N62269-78-M...by Remote Means 5b. GRANT NUMBER NOOO 14-13-1-0282 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Miles , Richard and Dogariu...unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Research on the possibility of detecting magnetic anomalies remotely using laser excitation of a

Global anomalies and effective field theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Golkar, Siavash; Sethi, Savdeep

2016-05-17

Here, we show that matching anomalies under large gauge transformations and large diffeomorphisms can explain the appearance and non-renormalization of couplings in effective field theory. We focus on thermal effective field theory, where we argue that the appearance of certain unusual Chern-Simons couplings is a consequence of global anomalies. As an example, we show that a mixed global anomaly in four dimensions fixes the chiral vortical effect coefficient (up to an overall additive factor). This is an experimentally measurable prediction from a global anomaly. For certain situations, we propose a simpler method for calculating global anomalies which uses correlation functionsmore » rather than eta invariants.« less

A Rare de novo Interstitial Duplication at 4p15.2 in a Boy with Severe Congenital Heart Defects, Limb Anomalies, Hypogonadism, and Global Developmental Delay.

PubMed

Liang, Liyang; Xie, Yingjun; Shen, Yiping; Yin, Qibin; Yuan, Haiming

2016-01-01

Proximal 4p deletion syndrome is a relatively rare genetic condition characterized by dysmorphic facial features, limb anomalies, minor congenital heart defects, hypogonadism, cafe-au-lait spots, developmental delay, tall and thin habitus, and intellectual disability. At present, over 20 cases of this syndrome have been published. However, duplication of the same region in proximal 4p has never been reported. Here, we describe a 2-year-5-month-old boy with severe congenital heart defects, limb anomalies, hypogonadism, distinctive facial features, pre- and postnatal developmental delay, and mild cognitive impairments. A de novo 4.5-Mb interstitial duplication at 4p15.2p15.1 was detected by chromosomal microarray analysis. Next-generation sequencing was employed and confirmed the duplication, but revealed no additional pathogenic variants. Several candidate genes in this interval responsible for the complex clinical phenotype were identified, such as RBPJ, STIM2, CCKAR, and LGI2. The results suggest a novel contiguous gene duplication syndrome. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

From N=4 Galilean superparticle to three-dimensional non-relativistic N=4 superfields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fedoruk, Sergey; Ivanov, Evgeny; Lukierski, Jerzy

2018-05-01

We consider the general N=4 , d = 3 Galilean superalgebra with arbitrary central charges and study its dynamical realizations. Using the nonlinear realization techniques, we introduce a class of actions for N=4 three-dimensional non-relativistic superparticle, such that they are linear in the central charge Maurer-Cartan one-forms. As a prerequisite to the quantization, we analyze the phase space constraints structure of our model for various choices of the central charges. The first class constraints generate gauge transformations, involving fermionic κ-gauge transformations. The quantization of the model gives rise to the collection of free N=4 , d = 3 Galilean superfields, which can be further employed, e.g., for description of three-dimensional non-relativistic N=4 supersymmetric theories.

75 FR 27956 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-19

... B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and Model C4-605R Variant F Airplanes (Collectively...-203, and B4-203 airplanes; Model A300 B4-601, B4- 603, B4-620, B4-622, B4-605R, B4-622R, F4-605R, F4...

Surgical Approaches to First Branchial Cleft Anomaly Excision: A Case Series.

PubMed

Quintanilla-Dieck, Lourdes; Virgin, Frank; Wootten, Chistopher; Goudy, Steven; Penn, Edward

2016-01-01

Objectives. First branchial cleft anomalies (BCAs) constitute a rare entity with variable clinical presentations and anatomic findings. Given the high rate of recurrence with incomplete excision, identification of the entire tract during surgical treatment is of paramount importance. The objectives of this paper were to present five anatomic variations of first BCAs and describe the presentation, evaluation, and surgical approach to each one. Methods. A retrospective case review and literature review were performed. We describe patient characteristics, presentation, evaluation, and surgical approach of five patients with first BCAs. Results. Age at definitive surgical treatment ranged from 8 months to 7 years. Various clinical presentations were encountered, some of which were atypical for first BCAs. All had preoperative imaging demonstrating the tract. Four surgical approaches required a superficial parotidectomy with identification of the facial nerve, one of which revealed an aberrant facial nerve. In one case the tract was found to travel into the angle of the mandible, terminating as a mandibular cyst. This required en bloc excision that included the lateral cortex of the mandible. Conclusions. First BCAs have variable presentations. Complete surgical excision can be challenging. Therefore, careful preoperative planning and the recognition of atypical variants during surgery are essential.

Surgical Approaches to First Branchial Cleft Anomaly Excision: A Case Series

PubMed Central

Quintanilla-Dieck, Lourdes; Virgin, Frank; Wootten, Chistopher; Goudy, Steven; Penn, Edward

2016-01-01

Objectives. First branchial cleft anomalies (BCAs) constitute a rare entity with variable clinical presentations and anatomic findings. Given the high rate of recurrence with incomplete excision, identification of the entire tract during surgical treatment is of paramount importance. The objectives of this paper were to present five anatomic variations of first BCAs and describe the presentation, evaluation, and surgical approach to each one. Methods. A retrospective case review and literature review were performed. We describe patient characteristics, presentation, evaluation, and surgical approach of five patients with first BCAs. Results. Age at definitive surgical treatment ranged from 8 months to 7 years. Various clinical presentations were encountered, some of which were atypical for first BCAs. All had preoperative imaging demonstrating the tract. Four surgical approaches required a superficial parotidectomy with identification of the facial nerve, one of which revealed an aberrant facial nerve. In one case the tract was found to travel into the angle of the mandible, terminating as a mandibular cyst. This required en bloc excision that included the lateral cortex of the mandible. Conclusions. First BCAs have variable presentations. Complete surgical excision can be challenging. Therefore, careful preoperative planning and the recognition of atypical variants during surgery are essential. PMID:27034873

N-2-Hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone- N'-4-nitrobenzoyl hydrazine: Synthesis and structural characterization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bessy Raj, B. N.; Kurup, M. R. Prathapachandra

2007-04-01

A new aroyl hydrazone, N-2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone- N'-4-nitrobenzoyl hydrazine was prepared by the condensation reaction of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone and 4-nitrobenzoyl hydrazine. Characterization of the compound was done by elemental analysis and electronic, infrared and NMR spectral analyses. The complete structural assignment of the compound was done by NMR studies by using COSY homonuclear and HSQC heteronuclear techniques. The crystal and molecular structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies: crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P2 1/ n, Z = 4, a = 7.3343(9) Å, b = 20.3517(9) Å, c = 10.1375(5) Å, α = 90.00°, β = 95.735(7)° and γ = 90.00°. From the crystal structure, it is concluded that the compound exists as the keto isomer in the solid state. There is a completely extended conformation in the central part of the molecule C5 sbnd C8 dbnd N1 sbnd N2 sbnd C10 dbnd O2 with an E configuration at the double bond of the hydrazinic bridge.

Complete second branchial cleft anomaly presenting as a fistula and a tonsillar cyst: an interesting congenital anomaly.

PubMed

Thottam, Prasad John; Bathula, Samba S; Poulik, Janet M; Madgy, David N

2014-01-01

Branchial cleft anomalies make up 30% of all pediatric neck masses, but complete second branchial cleft anomalies are extremely rare. We report an unusual case of a complete second branchial cleft anomaly that presented as a draining neck fistula and a tonsillar cyst in an otherwise healthy 3-month-old girl. At the age of 7 months, the patient had been experiencing feeding difficulties, and there was increasing concern about the risk of persistent infections. At that point, the anomaly was excised in its entirety. Our suspicion that the patient had a complete second branchial cleft anomaly was confirmed by imaging, surgical excision, and histopathologic analysis.

76 FR 19724 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Model A300 B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-08

... B4-600, B4-600R, and F4-600R Series Airplanes, and Model C4-605R Variant F Airplanes (Collectively... F4-605R and F4-622R airplanes, and Model A300 C4-605R Variant F airplanes; and Model A310-203, -204...

Modeling EEG Waveforms with Semi-Supervised Deep Belief Nets: Fast Classification and Anomaly Measurement

PubMed Central

Wulsin, D. F.; Gupta, J. R.; Mani, R.; Blanco, J. A.; Litt, B.

2011-01-01

Clinical electroencephalography (EEG) records vast amounts of human complex data yet is still reviewed primarily by human readers. Deep Belief Nets (DBNs) are a relatively new type of multi-layer neural network commonly tested on two-dimensional image data, but are rarely applied to times-series data such as EEG. We apply DBNs in a semi-supervised paradigm to model EEG waveforms for classification and anomaly detection. DBN performance was comparable to standard classifiers on our EEG dataset, and classification time was found to be 1.7 to 103.7 times faster than the other high-performing classifiers. We demonstrate how the unsupervised step of DBN learning produces an autoencoder that can naturally be used in anomaly measurement. We compare the use of raw, unprocessed data—a rarity in automated physiological waveform analysis—to hand-chosen features and find that raw data produces comparable classification and better anomaly measurement performance. These results indicate that DBNs and raw data inputs may be more effective for online automated EEG waveform recognition than other common techniques. PMID:21525569

Spectral-decomposition techniques for the identification of radon anomalies temporally associated with earthquakes occurring in the UK in 2002 and 2008.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crockett, R. G. M.; Gillmore, G. K.

2009-04-01

During the second half of 2002, the University of Northampton Radon Research Group operated two continuous hourly-sampling radon detectors 2.25 km apart in Northampton, in the (English) East Midlands. This period included the Dudley earthquake (22/09/2002) which was widely noticed by members of the public in the Northampton area. Also, at various periods during 2008 the Group has operated another pair of continuous hourly-sampling radon detectors similar distances apart in Northampton. One such period included the Market Rasen earthquake (27/02/2008) which was also widely noticed by members of the public in the Northampton area. During each period of monitoring, two time-series of radon readings were obtained, one from each detector. These have been analysed for evidence of simultaneous similar anomalies: the premise being that big disturbances occurring at big distances (in relation to the detector separation) should produce simultaneous similar anomalies but that simultaneous anomalies occurring by chance will be dissimilar. As previously reported, cross-correlating the two 2002 time-series over periods of 1-30 days duration, rolled forwards through the time-series at one-hour intervals produced two periods of significant correlation, i.e. two periods of simultaneous similar behaviour in the radon concentrations. One of these periods corresponded in time to the Dudley earthquake, the other corresponded in time to a smaller earthquake which occurred in the English Channel (26/08/2002). We here report subsequent investigation of the 2002 time-series and the 2008 time-series using spectral-decomposition techniques. These techniques have revealed additional simultaneous similar behaviour in the two radon concentrations, not revealed by the rolling correlation on the raw data. These correspond in time to the Manchester earthquake swarm of October 2002 and the Market Rasen earthquake of February 2008. The spectral-decomposition techniques effectively ‘de-noise' the

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Anomalies and gravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mielke, Eckehard W.

Anomalies in Yang-Mills type gauge theories of gravity are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the relation between the Dirac spin, the axial current j5 and the non-covariant gauge spin C. Using diagrammatic techniques, we show that only generalizations of the U(1)- Pontrjagin four-form F and F = dC arise in the chiral anomaly, even when coupled to gravity. Implications for Ashtekar's canonical approach to quantum gravity are discussed.

Anomalies of neutron field of the Earth.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plotnikova, Natalia

This work is devoted to the researches of time and spatial heterogeneity of thermal neurtron flux (Fn) density in the troposphere of the Earth. We had already received the values of thermal neutron flux density on the surface of the Earth in the European part of Russia. The large-scale monitoring of thermal neutron flux density was carried out on structural cross-section from Drake Strait in the Atlantic Ocean to the high latitudes of Arctic. We observe the increase of Fn from 44° N to 59° N, from 0,4 to 2,9 •10-3 н/(c•cn2). The values of Fn were received in latitude Novorossiysk (0,4•10-3 n/(c•sm2)) , Moskow (0,7-1,5•10-3 n/(c•sm2)), Arhangelsk (1,3•10-3 n/(c•sm2)). High-rise dependance of the thermal neutron flux density on the surface of the Earth and in troposphere during transcontinental flights was researched. With the increasing of height from 0 to 8000 m the thermal neutron flux density rises to 180•10-3 н/(c•cn2) The measurements were carried out in latitude of Spitsbergen. The value of thermal neutron flux density on the North pole was measured. Fn is equal to 0,7•10-3 n/(c•sm2)) 890 20/ in North latitude. Recently it has been shown, that thermal neutrons render appreciable influence on alive organisms [Matveeva and etc., 2004, Masunaga S., 2001]. Abmormal increases of thermal neutron flux density are revealed in flora biogeocenosis. Daily background Fn demonstrate the specific abnormal flares for every biocenosis or biotope long-lasting (for tens of minutes) Fn - meaning during the «flares» in biogeocenosis depends on the contains of flora community and can reach 104 n/(c m2). [Plotnikova N.V., Siroeshkin A.V., 2005]. The researches of the neutron field in the World Ocean were received at the time of transatlantic expedition by the programme of RAS «Meridian» (2006, 2008). Abnormal increasing Fn had being observed in the area of equator and between 310N to 540N and 330S to 530S Moreover, the coordinates of these anomalies

Toward Baseline Software Anomalies in NASA Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Layman, Lucas; Zelkowitz, Marvin; Basili, Victor; Nikora, Allen P.

2012-01-01

In this fast abstract, we provide preliminary findings an analysis of 14,500 spacecraft anomalies from unmanned NASA missions. We provide some baselines for the distributions of software vs. non-software anomalies in spaceflight systems, the risk ratings of software anomalies, and the corrective actions associated with software anomalies.

Hydrogen-bonded ring closing and opening of protonated methanol clusters H(+)(CH3OH)(n) (n = 4-8) with the inert gas tagging.

PubMed

Li, Ying-Cheng; Hamashima, Toru; Yamazaki, Ryoko; Kobayashi, Tomohiro; Suzuki, Yuta; Mizuse, Kenta; Fujii, Asuka; Kuo, Jer-Lai

2015-09-14

The preferential hydrogen bond (H-bond) structures of protonated methanol clusters, H(+)(MeOH)n, in the size range of n = 4-8, were studied by size-selective infrared (IR) spectroscopy in conjunction with density functional theory calculations. The IR spectra of bare clusters were compared with those with the inert gas tagging by Ar, Ne, and N2, and remarkable changes in the isomer distribution with the tagging were found for clusters with n≥ 5. The temperature dependence of the isomer distribution of the clusters was calculated by the quantum harmonic superposition approach. The observed spectral changes with the tagging were well interpreted by the fall of the cluster temperature with the tagging, which causes the transfer of the isomer distribution from the open and flexible H-bond network types to the closed and rigid ones. Anomalous isomer distribution with the tagging, which has been recently found for protonated water clusters, was also found for H(+)(MeOH)5. The origin of the anomaly was examined by the experiments on its carrier gas dependence.

Branchial anomalies in the pediatric population.

PubMed

Schroeder, James W; Mohyuddin, Nadia; Maddalozzo, John

2007-08-01

We sought to review the presentation, evaluation, and treatment of branchial anomalies in the pediatric population and to relate these findings to recurrences and complications. We conducted a retrospective study at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Ninety-seven pediatric patients who were treated for branchial anomalies over a 10-year period were reviewed. Patients were studied if they underwent surgical treatment for the branchial anomaly and had 1 year of postoperative follow-up; 67 children met criteria, and 74 anomalies were studied. Patients with cysts presented at a later age than did those with branchial anomaly fistulas or sinus branchial anomalies. 32% of branchial anomalies were previously infected. Of these, 71% had more than one preoperative infection. 18% of the BA were first arch derivatives, 69% were second arch derivatives and 7% were third arch derivatives. There were 22 branchial cysts, 31 branchial sinuses and 16 branchial fistulas. The preoperative and postoperative diagnoses differed in 17 cases. None of the excised specimens that contained a cystic lining recurred; all five recurrences had multiple preoperative infections. Recurrence rates are increased when there are multiple preoperative infections and when there is no epithelial lining identified in the specimen.

Congenital basis of posterior fossa anomalies

PubMed Central

Cotes, Claudia; Bonfante, Eliana; Lazor, Jillian; Jadhav, Siddharth; Caldas, Maria; Swischuk, Leonard

2015-01-01

The classification of posterior fossa congenital anomalies has been a controversial topic. Advances in genetics and imaging have allowed a better understanding of the embryologic development of these abnormalities. A new classification schema correlates the embryologic, morphologic, and genetic bases of these anomalies in order to better distinguish and describe them. Although they provide a better understanding of the clinical aspects and genetics of these disorders, it is crucial for the radiologist to be able to diagnose the congenital posterior fossa anomalies based on their morphology, since neuroimaging is usually the initial step when these disorders are suspected. We divide the most common posterior fossa congenital anomalies into two groups: 1) hindbrain malformations, including diseases with cerebellar or vermian agenesis, aplasia or hypoplasia and cystic posterior fossa anomalies; and 2) cranial vault malformations. In addition, we will review the embryologic development of the posterior fossa and, from the perspective of embryonic development, will describe the imaging appearance of congenital posterior fossa anomalies. Knowledge of the developmental bases of these malformations facilitates detection of the morphological changes identified on imaging, allowing accurate differentiation and diagnosis of congenital posterior fossa anomalies. PMID:26246090

New dualities and misleading anomaly matchings from outer-automorphism twists

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pal, Sridip; Song, Jaewon

We study four-dimensional N=1, 2 superconformal theories in class S obtained by compactifying the 6d N=(2, 0) theory on a Riemann surface C with outer-automorphism twist lines. From the pair-of-pants decompositions of C, we find various dual descriptions for the same theory having distinct gauge groups. We show that the various configurations of the twist line give rise to dual descriptions for the identical theory. We compute the ’t Hooft anomaly coefficients and the superconformal indices to test dualities. Surprisingly, we find that the class S theories with twist lines wrapping 1-cycles of C have the identical ’t Hooft anomaliesmore » as the ones without the twist line, whereas the superconformal indices differ. As a result, this provides a large set of examples where the anomaly matching is insufficient to test dualities.« less

New dualities and misleading anomaly matchings from outer-automorphism twists

DOE PAGES

Pal, Sridip; Song, Jaewon

2017-03-29

We study four-dimensional N=1, 2 superconformal theories in class S obtained by compactifying the 6d N=(2, 0) theory on a Riemann surface C with outer-automorphism twist lines. From the pair-of-pants decompositions of C, we find various dual descriptions for the same theory having distinct gauge groups. We show that the various configurations of the twist line give rise to dual descriptions for the identical theory. We compute the ’t Hooft anomaly coefficients and the superconformal indices to test dualities. Surprisingly, we find that the class S theories with twist lines wrapping 1-cycles of C have the identical ’t Hooft anomaliesmore » as the ones without the twist line, whereas the superconformal indices differ. As a result, this provides a large set of examples where the anomaly matching is insufficient to test dualities.« less

Time-dependent geoid anomalies at subduction zones due to the seismic cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cambiotti, G.; Sabadini, R.; Yuen, D. A.

2018-01-01

We model the geoid anomalies excited during a megathrust earthquake cycle at subduction zones, including the interseismic phase and the contribution from the infinite series of previous earthquakes, within the frame of self-gravitating, spherically symmetric, compressible, viscoelastic Earth models. The fault cuts the whole 50 km lithosphere, dips 20°, and the slip amplitude, together with the length of the fault, are chosen in order to simulate an Mw = 9.0 earthquake, while the viscosity of the 170 km thick asthenosphere ranges from 1017 to 1020 Pa s. On the basis of a new analysis from the Correspondence Principle, we show that the geoid anomaly is characterized by a periodic anomaly due to the elastic and viscous contribution from past earthquakes and to the back-slip of the interseismic phase, and by a smaller static contribution from the steady-state response to the previous infinite earthquake cycles. For asthenospheric viscosities from 1017-1018 to 1019-1020 Pa s, the characteristic relaxation times of the Earth model change from shorter to longer timescales compared to the 400 yr earthquake recurrence time, which dampen the geoid anomaly for the higher asthenospheric viscosities, since the slower relaxation cannot contribute its whole strength within the interseismic cycle. The geoid anomaly pattern is characterized by a global, time-dependent positive upwarping of the geoid topography, involving the whole hanging wall and partially the footwall compared to the sharper elastic contribution, attaining, for a moment magnitude Mw = 9.0, amplitudes as high as 6.6 cm for the lowermost asthenospheric viscosities during the viscoelastic response compared to the elastic maximum of 3.8 cm. The geoid anomaly vanishes due to the back-slip of the interseismic phase, leading to its disappearance at the end of the cycle before the next earthquake. Our results are of importance for understanding the post-seismic and interseismic geoid patterns at subduction zones.

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