DRINKING WATER ARSENIC AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES

EPA Science Inventory

Drinking Water Arsenic and Perinatal Outcomes
DT Lobdell, Z Ning, RK Kwok, JL Mumford, ZY Liu, P Mendola

Many studies have documented an association between drinking water arsenic (DWA) and cancer, vascular diseases, and dermatological outcomes, but few have investigate...

75 FR 17693 - Certain Frozen Warmwater Shrimp from Brazil, India, and Thailand: Notice of Initiation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-07

... Exports Star Agro Marine Exports Private Limited Sterling Foods Sun-Bio Technology Ltd Supreme Exports... Xian-Ning Seafood Co., Ltd Yeenin Frozen Foods Co., Ltd YHS Singapore Pte ZAFCO TRDG \\3\\ In the 2007...

European Scientific Notes. Volume 38, Number 7.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-07-01

ExetSystems 41/184 Several kinds of meical aa have been represented as flowcharts and tables and used as a basis for expert systems. The data are being...Schuljahres- beginn (Controversy over School Begin- ning); Kognitive Komplexitat (Cognitive Complexity); Moralisches Verhalten NEW PUBLICATIONS FROM

Integrating UAS Flocking Operations with Formation Drag Reduction

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

20   Figure 8: Close vs . Extended Formation Flight (FF) Comparison (Ning 2011, 12)......... 24   Figure 9: Basic Guidance Control...and Near Misses vs . Flock Size... vs . Longitudinal Spacing............................ 52   Figure 21: Flock Cumulative Fuel Savings vs . Distance Between Turns

Venue Recommendation and Web Search Based on Anchor Text

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-11-01

plus . . . Food, cafes, desserts, sandwiches, coffee, ice cream, gourmet, local flavor, tea, bbq, dim sum, sushi, vege- tarian, chicken wings...golf, bowling, yoga, comedy clubs, Pilates, sports teams, Nightlife, bars, wine bars, juice bars, event plan- ning, dance clubs, gastro pub, lounges

Systemic and cerebral exposure to and pharmacokinetics of flavonols and terpene lactones after dosing standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts to rats via different routes of administration.

PubMed

Chen, Feng; Li, Li; Xu, Fang; Sun, Yan; Du, Feifei; Ma, Xutao; Zhong, Chenchun; Li, Xiuxue; Wang, Fengqing; Zhang, Nating; Li, Chuan

2013-09-01

Flavonols and terpene lactones are putatively responsible for the properties of Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts that relate to prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and cerebral insufficiency. Here, we characterized rat systemic and cerebral exposure to these ginkgo compounds after dosing, as well as the compounds' pharmacokinetics. Rats received single or multiple doses of ShuXueNing injection (prepared from GBE50 for intravenous administration) or GBE50 (a standardized extract of G. biloba leaves for oral administration). Brain delivery of the ginkgo compounds was assessed with microdialysis. Various rat samples were analysed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Slow terminal elimination features of the flavonols counterbalanced the influence of poor oral bioavailability on their systemic exposure levels, which also resulted in significant accumulation of the compounds in plasma during the subchronic treatment with ShuXueNing injection and GBE50. Unlike the flavonols, the terpene lactones had poor enterohepatic circulation due to their rapid renal excretion and unknown metabolism. The flavonol glycosides occurred as major forms in plasma after dosing with ShuXueNing injection, while the flavonol aglycone conjugates were predominant in plasma after dosing with GBE50. Cerebral exposure was negligible for the flavonols and low for the terpene lactones. Unlike the significant systemic exposure levels, the levels of cerebral exposure to the flavonols and terpene lactones are low. The elimination kinetic differences between the two classes of ginkgo compounds influence their relative systemic exposure levels. The information gained is relevant to linking ginkgo administration to the medicinal effects. © 2013 The Authors. British Journal of Pharmacology published by John Wiley &. Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Pharmacological Society.

Systemic and cerebral exposure to and pharmacokinetics of flavonols and terpene lactones after dosing standardized Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts to rats via different routes of administration

PubMed Central

Chen, Feng; Li, Li; Xu, Fang; Sun, Yan; Du, Feifei; Ma, Xutao; Zhong, Chenchun; Li, Xiuxue; Wang, Fengqing; Zhang, Nating; Li, Chuan

2013-01-01

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Flavonols and terpene lactones are putatively responsible for the properties of Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts that relate to prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and cerebral insufficiency. Here, we characterized rat systemic and cerebral exposure to these ginkgo compounds after dosing, as well as the compounds’ pharmacokinetics. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats received single or multiple doses of ShuXueNing injection (prepared from GBE50 for intravenous administration) or GBE50 (a standardized extract of G. biloba leaves for oral administration). Brain delivery of the ginkgo compounds was assessed with microdialysis. Various rat samples were analysed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. KEY RESULTS Slow terminal elimination features of the flavonols counterbalanced the influence of poor oral bioavailability on their systemic exposure levels, which also resulted in significant accumulation of the compounds in plasma during the subchronic treatment with ShuXueNing injection and GBE50. Unlike the flavonols, the terpene lactones had poor enterohepatic circulation due to their rapid renal excretion and unknown metabolism. The flavonol glycosides occurred as major forms in plasma after dosing with ShuXueNing injection, while the flavonol aglycone conjugates were predominant in plasma after dosing with GBE50. Cerebral exposure was negligible for the flavonols and low for the terpene lactones. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Unlike the significant systemic exposure levels, the levels of cerebral exposure to the flavonols and terpene lactones are low. The elimination kinetic differences between the two classes of ginkgo compounds influence their relative systemic exposure levels. The information gained is relevant to linking ginkgo administration to the medicinal effects. PMID:23808355

Father and I

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Chen Ning

2013-05-01

Father (K. C. Yang (楊克純), 1896-1973) was a high school teacher in Anqing (安慶) in 1922 when I was born in Hefei (合肥). Anqing was then also called Huaining (懷寧). Father gave me the name Chen Ning, of which Chen was the name of my generation in our family, and Ning was derived from Huaining. Before I was one year old Father won an Anhui (安徽) Provincial Fellowship for studying in the USA. We had a family picture (Figure 1) taken in the courtyard outside our bedroom a few days before he left home. Father had on the traditional robe and coat, standing stiff and erect. He had probably up to that point never worn a western suit. Two years later he sent a picture (Figure 2) to Mother from the University of Chicago, in which his attire and bearing had both entered the twentieth century. Father was a handsome man. The exuberance and optimism of his youth were clearly captured in this photograph...

Journal of Special Operations Medicine, Volume 4, Edition 4, Fall 2004

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-01-01

Zaichik D, Caspi G, Kotler D, Freund HR. Evacuation priorities in mass casualty terror-related events: Implications for contingency plan- ning. Annals of...John Prados Vietnam Above The Tree Tops: A Forward Air Controller Reports John F Flanagan Vietnam in American Literature Philip H Melling Vietnam

U.S. Department of Agriculture Need for Improved Workforce Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-01

For example, op organized a task force, consisting of mostly agency personnel, on workforce plan- ning as part of a new marketing strategy aimed at...departmental policy on workforce planning. As another part of this marketing strategy , op is developing a UsDA-wide recruitment plan. The purpose of

Defining Moments \\ di-'fi-ning 'mo-mnts \\

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kilman, Carrie

2012-01-01

Children encounter new words every day. Although dictionaries designed for young readers can help students explore and experiment with language, it turns out many mainstream children's dictionaries fail to accurately describe the world in which many students live. The challenges to children's dictionary publishers can be steep. First, there is the…

75 FR 337 - Action Affecting Export Privileges: Ning Wen

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security [07-BIS-02] Action Affecting Export.... Charges 112-124: 15 CFR 764.2(h)--Taking Action With Intent To Evade the Regulations In connection with... or about September 30, 2004, Wen took actions with intent to evade the provisions of the Regulations...

PREGNANCY AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN RELATION TO DRINKING WATER ARSENIC EXPOSURE IN BAMEN, INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA

EPA Science Inventory

Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes in Relation to Drinking Water Arsenic Exposure in BaMen, Inner Mongolia, China
Danelle T. Lobdell, Zhixiong Ning, Richard K. Kwok, Judy Mumford, Zhi Yi Liu, Pauline Mendola

Introduction: Close to 40 million people worldwide are exposed t...

RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE TO DRINKING WATER ARSENIC IN INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA

EPA Science Inventory

Residential exposure to drinking water arsenic in Inner Mongolia, China
Zhixiong Ning1, Richard K. Kwok2, Zhiyi Liu1, Shiying Zhang1, Chenglong Ma1, Danelle T. Lobdell2, Michael Riediker3 and Judy L. Mumford2
1) Institute of Endemic Disease for Prevention and Treatment in I...

Edmodo: A Great Tool for School Librarians

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holzweiss, Kristina

2013-01-01

School librarians are in a profession where it is easy to be isolated. Often, school districts have only one certified librarian and school librarians must create ways to connect with one another and with other educators. Social media opportunities such as Facebook, LinkedIn, blogs, wikis, and nings are powerful ways of staying connected on a…

Genetic Modifiers of Ovarian Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

Barile M, Genuardi M, Arnold N, Meindl A, Sutter C, Wappenschmidt B, Domchek SM, Pfeiler G, Friedman E, Jensen UB, Robson M, Shah S, Lazaro C, Mai PL...Peissel B, Sellers TA, Ficarazzi F, Barile M, Ziogas A, Ashworth A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Jones M, Ramus SJ, Orr N, Menon U, Pearce CL, Brüning T, Pike

ESTIMATING RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE TO DRINKING WATER ARSENIC IN INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA FOR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES

EPA Science Inventory

ESTIMATING RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE TO DRINKING WATER ARSENIC IN INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA FOR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES

Richard Kwok1, Pauline Mendola1 Zhixiong Ning2, Zhiyi Liu2 and Judy Mumford1

1) Epidemiology and Biomarkers Branch, Human Studies Division, NHEERL, US EPA, R...

Social Networking Goes to School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Michelle R.

2010-01-01

Just a few years ago, social networking meant little more to educators than the headache of determining whether to penalize students for inappropriate activities captured on Facebook or MySpace. Now, teachers and students have an array of social-networking sites and tools--from Ning to VoiceThread and Second Life--to draw on for such serious uses…

Air and Space Power Journal. Volume 20, Number 3, Fall 2006

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-01-01

ning focus to support of the Independent Electoral Commission of Iraq and election preparations. As the corps and its major sub- ordinate commands...Definición y ámbito de aplicación del Derecho Internacional Humanitario,” Revista Nacional de Derecho Aeronáutico y Espacial 3 (1989): 19. 9

Using Social Networking for Online Role-Plays to Develop Students' Argumentative Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beach, Richard; Doerr-Stevens, Candance

2011-01-01

Social networking sites may include argumentative writing about particular issues in which participants adopt competing perspective and discourses on those issues. This study examined roles and discourses adopted by high school students participating in an online role-play conducted on a Ning platform regarding their school's Internet policies on…

Dynamic defense workshop :

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Crosby, Sean Michael; Doak, Justin E.; Haas, Jason Juedes.

2013-02-01

On September 5th and 6th, 2012, the Dynamic Defense Workshop: From Research to Practice brought together researchers from academia, industry, and Sandia with the goals of increasing collaboration between Sandia National Laboratories and external organizations, de ning and un- derstanding dynamic, or moving target, defense concepts and directions, and gaining a greater understanding of the state of the art for dynamic defense. Through the workshop, we broadened and re ned our de nition and understanding, identi ed new approaches to inherent challenges, and de ned principles of dynamic defense. Half of the workshop was devoted to presentations of current state-of-the-artmore » work. Presentation topics included areas such as the failure of current defenses, threats, techniques, goals of dynamic defense, theory, foundations of dynamic defense, future directions and open research questions related to dynamic defense. The remainder of the workshop was discussion, which was broken down into sessions on de ning challenges, applications to host or mobile environments, applications to enterprise network environments, exploring research and operational taxonomies, and determining how to apply scienti c rigor to and investigating the eld of dynamic defense.« less

Multiscale Modeling of Drug-induced Effects of ReDuNing Injection on Human Disease: From Drug Molecules to Clinical Symptoms of Disease

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, Fang; Gu, Jiangyong; Zhang, Xinzhuang; Chen, Lirong; Cao, Liang; Li, Na; Wang, Zhenzhong; Xiao, Wei; Xu, Xiaojie

2015-05-01

ReDuNing injection (RDN) is a patented traditional Chinese medicine, and the components of it were proven to have antiviral and important anti-inflammatory activities. Several reports showed that RDN had potential effects in the treatment of influenza and pneumonia. Though there were several experimental reports about RDN, the experimental results were not enough and complete due to that it was difficult to predict and verify the effect of RDN for a large number of human diseases. Here we employed multiscale model by integrating molecular docking, network pharmacology and the clinical symptoms information of diseases and explored the interaction mechanism of RDN on human diseases. Meanwhile, we analyzed the relation among the drug molecules, target proteins, biological pathways, human diseases and the clinical symptoms about it. Then we predicted potential active ingredients of RDN, the potential target proteins, the key pathways and related diseases. These attempts may offer several new insights to understand the pharmacological properties of RDN and provide benefit for its new clinical applications and research.

Controlling HIV Epidemics among Injection Drug Users: Eight Years of Cross-Border HIV Prevention Interventions in Vietnam and China

PubMed Central

Hammett, Theodore M.; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Kling, Ryan; Kieu, Binh Thanh; McNicholl, Janet M.; Wasinrapee, Punneeporn; McDougal, J. Stephen; Liu, Wei; Chen, Yi; Meng, Donghua; Huu Nguyen, Tho; Ngoc Hoang, Quyen; Van Hoang, Tren

2012-01-01

Introduction HIV in Vietnam and Southern China is driven by injection drug use. We have implemented HIV prevention interventions for IDUs since 2002–2003 in Lang Son and Ha Giang Provinces, Vietnam and Ning Ming County (Guangxi), China. Methods Interventions provide peer education and needle/syringe distribution. Evaluation employed serial cross-sectional surveys of IDUs 26 waves from 2002 to 2011, including interviews and HIV testing. Outcomes were HIV risk behaviors, HIV prevalence and incidence. HIV incidence estimation used two methods: 1) among new injectors from prevalence data; and 2) a capture enzyme immunoassay (BED testing) on all HIV+ samples. Results We found significant declines in drug-related risk behaviors and sharp reductions in HIV prevalence among IDUs (Lang Son from 46% to 23% [p<0.001], Ning Ming: from 17% to 11% [p = 0.003], and Ha Giang: from 51% to 18% [p<0.001]), reductions not experienced in other provinces without such interventions. There were significant declines in HIV incidence to low levels among new injectors through 36–48 months, then some rebound, particularly in Ning Ming, but BED-based estimates revealed significant reductions in incidence through 96 months. Discussion This is one of the longest studies of HIV prevention among IDUs in Asia. The rebound in incidence among new injectors may reflect sexual transmission. BED-based estimates may overstate incidence (because of false-recent results in patients with long-term infection or on ARV treatment) but adjustment for false-recent results and survey responses on duration of infection generally confirm BED-based incidence trends. Combined trends from the two estimation methods show sharp declines in incidence to low levels. The significant downward trends in all primary outcome measures indicate that the Cross-Border interventions played an important role in bringing HIV epidemics among IDUs under control. The Cross-Border project offers a model of HIV prevention for IDUs that should be considered for large-scale replication. PMID:22952640

Self-Regulation during E-Learning: Using Behavioural Evidence from Navigation Log Files

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jeske, D.; Backhaus, J.; Stamov Roßnagel, C.

2014-01-01

The current paper examined the relationship between perceived characteristics of the learning environment in an e-module in relation to test performance among a group of e-learners. Using structural equation modelling, the relationship between these variables is further explored in terms of the proposed double mediation as outlined by Ning and…

76 FR 18761 - Worldwide Logistics Co., Ltd.; Possible Violations of Sections 10(a)(1) and 10(b)(2) of the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... FEDERAL MARITIME COMMISSION [Docket No. 11-04] Worldwide Logistics Co., Ltd.; Possible Violations... Worldwide Logistics Co., Ltd. (Worldwide) is a company based in the People's Republic of China, providing.... 228 Ning Guo Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, PRC 200090. It is a part of the Worldwide Logistics...

Optical Detection System Model.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-04-01

duration of the signal does not have to be a specific value: it can be a very large value. The ODS code will work on the signal in 1024 point...WAF:NING: 1HIS WILL SUFER ElE ANY EXILTING £EOUJENCE ,IT/Nl: Y .RUN WVINP THIS IS THE WAVE FORM SECTION. DO YOU WANT HELP? (Y/N): N ENTER WAVELENGTH (IN

Chen Ning Yang, Weak Interactions, and Parity Violation

Science.gov Websites

absolute law of parity conservation had been violated." 2 "Yang overturned Paul ... Dirac's explained that symmetry laws generate the law of conservation. The law of right-left symmetry contributed to the formulation of the law of conservation of parity in 1924. Eventually, this law of conservation was

Registration of near-isogenic winter wheat germplasm contrasting in Fhb1 for fusarium head blight resistance

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The Chinese wheat Ning7840 (Triticum aestivum L.) contains Fhb1, a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance, and has been widely used as a resistant parent in breeding programs worldwide, but due to its poor adaptation in the US, its progenies usually exhibit re...

Process Writing and the Internet: Blogs and Ning Networks in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boas, Isabela Villas

2011-01-01

In contrast to the product approach to writing, which is based on studying and replicating textual models, the process approach involves multiple and repeated steps that compel the writer to closely consider the topic, language, purpose for writing, and social reality of an audience. In addition to discussing the benefits of the process approach…

Bamboo vs. crops: An integrated emergy and economic evaluation of using bamboo to replace crops in south Sichuan Province, China

EPA Science Inventory

Based on long-term monitoring conducted in Chang-ning county, a pilot site of the ‘Grain for Green Program’ (GFGP), an integrated emergy and economic method was applied to evaluate the dynamic ecological-economic performance of 3 kinds of bamboo systems planted on slo...

Three Dimensionally Interconnected Silicon Nanomembranes for Optical Phased Array (OPA) and Optical True Time Delay (TTD) Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

Nanophotonic Waveguides," J. Lightwave Technol. 25 (1), 151-156 (2007). [7-4] Yongbo Tang, Zhechao Wang, Lech Wosinski, Urban Westergren, and Sailing...Waveguides," Photonics Journal, IEEE 3 (2), 203-208 (2011). [8-25] Zhechao Wang, Ning Zhu, Yongbo Tang, Lech Wosinski, Daoxin Dai, and Sailing He

Development and Evaluation of Ning Social Network for Teaching Training Online Surveillance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohd Nawi, Mohd Aliff; Jamsari, Ezad Azraai; Sulaiman, Adibah; Hamzah, Mohd Isa

2013-01-01

Supervision of teaching practice is an important aspect of training teachers in improving their teaching skills. Barriers such as distance and time factor are the constraints faced by the lecturers at the National University of Malaysia to communicate with the teacher trainees under their supervision. Therefore, this study aims to develop and…

Naval War College Review. Volume 65, Number 1, Winter 2012

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

be jettisoned if necessary. 42. For the new Japanese design, see Yoji Koda , “A New Carrier Race? Strategy, Force Plan- ning, and JS Hyuga,” Naval War...Yoji Koda , “The Emerging Republic of Korea Navy: A Japanese Perspective,” in the same issue (pp. 13–34). 5950_Kim.indd 74 11/30/2011 11:02:06

Potentials of Advanced Database Technology for Military Information Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-04-01

UNCLASSIFIED Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADP010866 TITLE: Potentials of Advanced Database Technology for Military... Technology for Military Information Systems Sunil Choennia Ben Bruggemanb a National Aerospace Laboratory, NLR, P.O. Box 90502, 1006 BM Amsterdam...application of advanced information tech- nology, including database technology , as underpin- actions X and Y as dangerous or not? ning is

Tailoring Pore Size of Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for Confi ning Sulfur in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Weidong; Wang, Chong M.; Zhang, Quiglin

Three types of nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres with different pore sized porous shells are prepared to investigate the performance of sulfur confinement. The reason that why no sulfur is observed in previous research is determined and it is successfully demonstrated that the sulfur/polysulfide will overflow the porous carbon during the lithiation process.

HEALTH EFFECTS OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO ARSENIC VIA DRINKING WATER IN INNER MONGOLIA: IV. DISTRIBUTION OF ARSENIC CONCENTRATIONS IN WELLS

EPA Science Inventory

HEALTH EFFECTS OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO ARSENIC VIA DRINKING WATER IN INNER MONGOLIA:
IV. DISTRIBUTION OF ARSENIC CONCENTRATIONS IN WELLS

Zhixiong Ning, B.S., Zhiyi Liu,B.S., Shiying Zhang, B.S., Chenglong Ma, B.S., Inner Mongolia Ba Men Anti-epidemic Station, Michael Ri...

Precision Engineering - SRO 154.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-01-01

Operation The principle of interferometric displacement measurement devices is that if two identical, coherent, monochromatic light beams are directed...laser interferometric feedback to enhance the accuracy and precision of a lead screw stage. The precision translation stage was designed to produce...and the deepest was 22 micrometers (875 microinches). Figures 5, 6 and 7 are Nomarsky photomicrographs showing the begin- ning, middle and end of a

A Global Space Control Strategy

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

ASAT testing and development before significant pushback is enacted. Further, a growing body of literature suggests that space-based intelligence...management process must be the foundation of plan- ning space operations and responses. Second, we must realize that in order to conduct effective space...end state where commanders considering multiple courses of action have a sensor architecture and a tasking, collection, processing , exploitation, and

Using a Social Networking Site for Experiential Learning: Appropriating, Lurking, Modeling and Community Building

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnold, Nike; Paulus, Trena

2010-01-01

With social networking sites playing an increasingly important role in today's society, educators are exploring how they can be used as a teaching and learning tool. This article reports the findings of a qualitative case study about the integration of "Ning" into a blended course. The study draws on the perspectives of the students, the…

Study of Navy Recruiting Simulation Tool

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

thinking” (p. 205). E. ROLE-PLAY Role-play “is a technology for intensifying and accelerating learning” (Blatner, 2009, p. 18). Adapted from psychodrama ...American Society of Group Psychotherapy and Psychodrama . (n.d.). Psychodrama . Retrieved March 5, 2010, from National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies...nl.edu: http://www.nl.edu/academics/cas/ace/facultypapers/StephenBrookfield_AdultLear ning.cfm 106 Casey, A. M. (2001). Psychodrama : Applied role

Training Community Modeling and Simulation Business Plan: 2009 Edition

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

strategic information assurance 33 33 Provide crisis action procedures training 34 34 Provide the IC SOF-specific training at the operational level... information and products • Collaborative analysis processes • Dissemination of information throughout a command and to subordinates by redundant means...centric M&S capabilities will improve training for information warfare, assist with training for homeland defense operations, crisis -management plan- ning

World Epidemiology Review, Number 91

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-02-09

50 LIBYA 53 MALAYSIA 54 MEXICO 54 MOZAMBIQUE 55 NEW ZEALAND 57 NIGERIA. 58 a - [III - INT - 134] CONTENTS (Continued) Page...Editorial: "Mass Immunization"] [Text] Afghanistan was declared a small- pox free country at the begin- ning of this year after the assessment and...Afghanistan and inter- national organisations. For eradication of small- pox mass immunisation was a major weapon and the program was implemented in most

The Cold Gas-Dynamic Spray and Characterization of Microcrystalline and Nanocrystalline Copper Alloys

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-01

cold gas-dynamic spray process are well understood, the effects of feedstock powder microstructure and composition on the deposition process remain...The Relationship between Powder Zinc Content and Porosity .....74  5.  Compositional Variability as a Side Effect of the Cold Spray Deposition Process ...to expect in cold spray deposited copper coatings based on common spray parameters. Ning et

Nonparametric Representations for Integrated Inference, Control, and Sensing

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-10-01

Learning (ICML), 2013. [20] Jeff Donahue, Yangqing Jia, Oriol Vinyals, Judy Hoffman, Ning Zhang, Eric Tzeng, and Trevor Darrell. DeCAF: A deep ...unlimited. Multi-layer feature learning “SuperVision” Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks...to develop a new framework for autonomous operations that will extend the state of the art in distributed learning and modeling from data, and

Symmetric Missile Dynamic Instabilities - A Review

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

and a Magnus side moment must be added to the total aerodynamic moment. Since statically stable missiles are usually spun to reduce the effect of...Identify by block~ numbef) Symmetric Missile Roil Moment Resonance Spin Dynamic Stability Side Moment Damxping Moment Trim Moment Magnus Moment Moving...dlamping moments for nonspin- ning re-entry vehicles, nonlinear Magnus moments for spinning missiles, and internal resonances with moving payload

Tu(r)ning weakness to strength: Mechanomutable bioinspired materials

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-04-03

into Strength,” Bio-inspired Materials, Potsdam, Germany March 2012 - “Nonlinear behaviour of silk minimizes damage and begets spider web robustness...atoms to structures – how spiders turn weakness into strength,” Society of Engineering Science Meeting, Atlanta, GA Keynote Lecture October 2012...Georgia Tech, October 19, 2015, Atlanta, GA October 2015 DISTRIBUTION A: Distribution approved for public release. 8 - "Multiscale materials by

Hydrological Work in Communist China

DTIC Science & Technology

1961-03-01

and Yen -ho in Kueichou Province, at Hsin - ning and Ta-yung in Hunan Province and at Ts’un-chi, Hsi Hsien and Ho- li-chi in...hydro- logical information and a control over hydrological fluctuations. Early in 1955 and 1956, in gathering data for irrigation planning, the Hsin ...organi- zation established to service the translation and research needs of the various government departments. JPRS: W27 CSO: 13iO-S/a

Enabling Unity of Effort in Homeland Response Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-01

deploying over 50,000 National Guards- men in response to Hurricane Katrina, the largest military response to a natural disaster in U.S. history...frequent consultant for private and government organizations on plan- ning, training, and disaster response. viii KERRY MCINTYRE currently serves as...able to bring them to bear at the right time and place, and in the right combina- tion. Disasters in our homeland have enormous con- sequences

Trusted Autonomy: Concept Development in Technology Foresight

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-01

executing the response . UNCLASSIFIED 19 UNCLASSIFIED DST-Group-TR-3153 UNCLASSIFIED 20 Previous models explored autonomy through the lenses of...w /users to leam to tackle complex problems Robots are able to intanalise and use world models Controllers have multiple modules based on leru.ning...technology across society. It aims to describe usage or uptake, and evolving trends, in technological development over time. Through doing so, it seeks to

Plan Debugging Using Approximate Domain Theories.

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-03-01

compelling suggestion that generative plan- ning systems solving large problems will need to exploit the control information implicit in uncertain...control information implicit in uncertain information may well lead the planner to expand one portion of a plan at one point, and a separate portion of...solutions that have been proposed are to abandon declarativism (as suggested in the work on situated automata theory and its variants [1, 16, 56, 72

Rapid, Multiplexed Microfluidic Phage Display

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

affinity phage- displayed peptides for multiple targets in just a single round and without the need for bacterial infection. The chip is shown to be able...by bacterial titer and amplification, and at least two additional rounds of selection. After the final round of biopan- ning, eluted phage are grown on...agar plates, and individual plaques are selected for DNA characterization to determine the amino acid sequence of the phage-displayed peptides. While

Impact of parameter fluctuations on the performance of ethanol precipitation in production of Re Du Ning Injections, based on HPLC fingerprints and principal component analysis.

PubMed

Sun, Li-Qiong; Wang, Shu-Yao; Li, Yan-Jing; Wang, Yong-Xiang; Wang, Zhen-Zhong; Huang, Wen-Zhe; Wang, Yue-Sheng; Bi, Yu-An; Ding, Gang; Xiao, Wei

2016-01-01

The present study was designed to determine the relationships between the performance of ethanol precipitation and seven process parameters in the ethanol precipitation process of Re Du Ning Injections, including concentrate density, concentrate temperature, ethanol content, flow rate and stir rate in the addition of ethanol, precipitation time, and precipitation temperature. Under the experimental and simulated production conditions, a series of precipitated resultants were prepared by changing these variables one by one, and then examined by HPLC fingerprint analyses. Different from the traditional evaluation model based on single or a few constituents, the fingerprint data of every parameter fluctuation test was processed with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to comprehensively assess the performance of ethanol precipitation. Our results showed that concentrate density, ethanol content, and precipitation time were the most important parameters that influence the recovery of active compounds in precipitation resultants. The present study would provide some reference for pharmaceutical scientists engaged in research on pharmaceutical process optimization and help pharmaceutical enterprises adapt a scientific and reasonable cost-effective approach to ensure the batch-to-batch quality consistency of the final products. Copyright © 2016 China Pharmaceutical University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Verifying the Rechargeability of Li-CO2 Batteries on Working Cathodes of Ni Nanoparticles Highly Dispersed on N-Doped Graphene.

PubMed

Zhang, Zhang; Wang, Xin-Gai; Zhang, Xu; Xie, Zhaojun; Chen, Ya-Nan; Ma, Lipo; Peng, Zhangquan; Zhou, Zhen

2018-02-01

Li-CO 2 batteries could skillfully combine the reduction of "greenhouse effect" with energy storage systems. However, Li-CO 2 batteries still suffer from unsatisfactory electrochemical performances and their rechargeability is challenged. Here, it is reported that a composite of Ni nanoparticles highly dispersed on N-doped graphene (Ni-NG) with 3D porous structure, exhibits a superior discharge capacity of 17 625 mA h g -1 , as the air cathode for Li-CO 2 batteries. The batteries with these highly efficient cathodes could sustain 100 cycles at a cutoff capacity of 1000 mA h g -1 with low overpotentials at the current density of 100 mA g -1 . Particularly, the Ni-NG cathodes allow to observe the appearance/disappearance of agglomerated Li 2 CO 3 particles and carbon thin films directly upon discharge/charge processes. In addition, the recycle of CO 2 is detected through in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. This is a critical step to verify the electrochemical rechargeability of Li-CO 2 batteries. Also, first-principles computations further prove that Ni nanoparticles are active sites for the reaction of Li and CO 2 , which could guide to design more advantageous catalysts for rechargeable Li-CO 2 batteries.

Antioxidant effects of herbal therapies used by patients with inflammatory bowel disease: an in vitro study.

PubMed

Langmead, L; Dawson, C; Hawkins, C; Banna, N; Loo, S; Rampton, D S

2002-02-01

Herbal remedies used by patients for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease include slippery elm, fenugreek, devil's claw, Mexican yam, tormentil and wei tong ning, a traditional Chinese medicine. Reactive oxygen metabolites produced by inflamed colonic mucosa may be pathogenic. Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are antioxidant and other such agents could be therapeutic. To assess the antioxidant effects of herbal remedies in cell-free oxidant-generating systems and inflamed human colorectal biopsies. Luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence in a xanthine/xanthine oxidase cell-free system was used to detect superoxide scavenging by herbs and 5-ASA, and fluorimetry to define peroxyl radical scavenging using a phycoerythrin degradation assay. Chemiluminescence was used to detect herbal effects on generation of oxygen radicals by mucosal biopsies from patients with active ulcerative colitis. Like 5-ASA, all herbs, except fenugreek, scavenged superoxide dose-dependently. All materials tested scavenged peroxyl dose-dependently. Oxygen radical release from biopsies was reduced after incubation in all herbs except Mexican yam, and by 5-ASA. All six herbal remedies have antioxidant effects. Fenugreek is not a superoxide scavenger, while Mexican yam did not inhibit radical generation by inflamed biopsies. Slippery elm, fenugreek, devil's claw, tormentil and wei tong ning merit formal evaluation as novel therapies in inflammatory bowel disease.

Early Development of Four Cyprinids Native to the Yangtze River, China

USGS Publications Warehouse

Chapman, Duane C.

2006-01-01

Chapter 1 -- Notes on the Translation and Use of "A Study of the Early Development of Grass Carp, Black Carp, Silver Carp, and Bighead Carp in the Yangtze River, China" By Duane C. Chapman and Ning Wang Chapter 2 -- A Study of the Early Development of Grass Carp, Black Carp, Silver Carp, and Bighead Carp in the Yangtze River, China By Bolu Yi, Zhishen Liang, Zhitang Yu, Randuan Lin, and Mingjue HeTranslated by Duane C. Chapman and Ning Wang The document A Study of the Early Development of Grass Carp, Black Carp, Silver Carp, and Bighead Carp in the Yangtze River, China (Chapter 2 of this volume) was translated from the Chinese with the approval and assistance of the living authors of that study. It contains the most detailed description available, and approximately 200 drawings, of the early development of the subject fishes. Chapter 1 provides important instructions on the use of the translation, including a description of the Chinese morphometric conventions, which differ from those used by North American scientists. Chapter 1 also provides the historical context in which Chapter 2 was developed, and information on how the larvae of the subject fishes, which have invaded the Mississippi River basin, may be distinguished from other fishes present in the basin.

Optimal Mass Transport for Statistical Estimation, Image Analysis, Information Geometry, and Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-01-10

Metric Uncertainty for Spectral Estimation based on Nevanlinna-Pick Interpolation, (with J. Karlsson) Intern. Symp. on the Math . Theory of Networks and...Systems, Melbourne 2012. 22. Geometric tools for the estimation of structured covariances, (with L. Ning, X. Jiang) Intern. Symposium on the Math . Theory...estimation and the reversibility of stochastic processes, (with Y. Chen, J. Karlsson) Proc. Int. Symp. on Math . Theory of Networks and Syst., July

Planificacion y registros

Treesearch

R. Kasten Dumroese; Douglass F. Jacobs; Kim M. Wilkinson

2012-01-01

El cultivo de plantines en contenedor no tiene principio ni final; es un ciclo continuo de eventos que se repiten. Todos los aspectos de la producción son importantes y ningún detalle es menos relevante que los demás. Iniciar la producción de los plantines de forma adecuada asegura la obtención de plantas saludables y de buena calidad para la plantación a campo. En...

An Introduction to Moire Methods with Applications in Composite Materials

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-08-01

including hardware and software requirements are discussed by Ranson, 19 Sciammarella , 2 0 Chanudry,2 1 Ning,2 2 and Lee. 23 Other computation techniques...variations in material fabrication processes. 9 Dynamic applications of moire were done by Armenakas and Sciammarella , 70 Epstein, Deason, and...Abdallah,71, 72 as well as Hsu, Liu, Chiang, and Anastasi. 73 Armenakas and Sciammarella examined the response of glass/epoxy specimens to high strain rates

The 1985 ARI Survey of Army Recruits: Tabular Description of NPS Army Reserve Accessions. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-04-01

4 101. NBA baketball 1 2 3 4 102. College basketball 1 2 3 4 103. N4. hckey 1 2 3 4 104. Professional wrestling 1 2 3 4 105. Car roee 1 2 3 4 106...you participate in while you were in high school? (CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY) Football........................1 Basketball ...................... 2...ALL THAT APPLY) Football ........................ 1 Basketball ..................... 2 Swi ning ........................ 3 Baseball

Understanding and Controlling the Electronic Properties of Graphene Using Scanning Probe Microscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-21

Dirac point in gated bilayer graphene, Applied Physics Letters, (12 2009): 243502. doi : 10.1063/1.3275755 Brian J. LeRoy, Adam T. Roberts, Rolf...of soliton motion and stacking in trilayer graphene, Nature Materials , (04 2014): 0. doi : 10.1038/nmat3965 Matthew Yankowitz, Joel I-Jan Wang...of bilayer graphene via quasiparticle scattering, APL Materials , (09 2014): 92503. doi : Matthew Yankowitz, Fenglin Wang, Chun Ning Lau, Brian J

Energy and Process Optimization and Benchmarking of Army Industrial Processes

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

casting is a metal part formed by pouring molten iron, steel, aluminum, zinc , titanium, magnesium, copper, brass, bronze or cobalt, in nearly all...blanketing techniques. The loss of high-priced alloys is also mini- mized, while slag or dross rates are cut in half to help decrease disposal costs...fabricated of iron and steel; hot dip coating such items with aluminum, lead, or zinc ; retin- ning cans and utensils; (3) engraving, chasing and

State of Washington, Aquatic Plant Management Program: Design Memorandum.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-10-01

3 days after appit- cation, fed ior 90 da- fo11-nIng haorst1ing equipment catIon. Swimming shouldt oe aplication . oring narventing opa- restricted...labor, maintenance, profit, capitalization of equipment costs, and mobilization -demobilization. 2/Local administrative costs are $2,000 for 100 acres...rental of two boats at a cost of $64/day each, mobilization - demobilization of equipment, and a capability of treating 100 acres/day. 2/The treatment boat

Cascading Effects of Fuel Network Interdiction

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-26

Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing C10T14 M ning and quarry ng C15T16 Food products, beverages and tobacco C17T19 Textiles, textile products...9369063 C15T16 Food products, beverages and tobacco 33278 70853 222.4224148 112593.0889 4705.413385 49.58915033 491.768614 81.36711771 1554.487224...THESIS Presented to the Faculty Department of Operational Sciences Graduate School of Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology

JPRS Report China

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-29

Tsun Ning Tzu , Ken Pen Po, and Sung Ching, invited an army advisory group headed by Fu Tian Chih Liang (Pai Hung-liang) and Pen Hsiang Chien (Fan...a war to preventing the outbreak of a war . 1. Strategy is the manifestation of the course and result of the evolution of the times. The features...issue of peace and war and, two, the issue of the economy." This is, from the overall standpoint, a scientific summation of the basic charac

Liquid Crystal Airborne Display

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-08-01

Cum.nings, J. P., et al., Properties and Limitations oe Liquid Crystals for Aircraft Displays, Honeywell Corporate Researc ."I Center, Final Report HR-72...basic module could be used to build displays for both the commercial and military! 157- marhecs, and so would establi sh a broad and sizable market ... market for the display becomes a reality; therein lies, f TABLE 16 THE COURSE OF FUTURE DISPLAY DEVELOPMENT Today 1976-77 1980 1985 Display Size 2" 1 3.2

Regionalizing East Mediterranean Gas: Energy Security, Stability, and the U.S. Role

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

Regional strategic appraisals; • The nature of land warfare; • Matters affecting the Army’s future; • The concepts, philosophy, and theory of... tendered out four more offshore blocks, which have been signed up for by consortia led by European majors ENI and Total, and is plan- ning for...followed issuance of Cyprus’s second offshore tender round in February 2012 that Turkey would “take all necessary measures to pro- tect its rights

Patterns of HIV Prevalence and HIV Risk Behaviors among Injection Drug Users Prior to and 24 Months following Implementation of Cross-Border HIV Prevention Interventions in Northern Vietnam and Southern China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammett, Theodore M.; Kling, Ryan; Johnston, Patrick; Liu, Wei; Ngu, Doan; Friedmann, Patricia; Binh, Kieu Thanh; Dong, Ha Viet; Van, Ly Kieu; Donghua, Meng; Chen, Yi; Des Jarlais, Don C.

2006-01-01

In 2002, we implemented a 4-year HIV prevention intervention for injection drug users (IDUs) in Lang Son Province, Vietnam, and Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China, a cross-border region seriously affected by inter-twined epidemics of heroin injection and HIV infection. The interventions involve peer education on HIV risk reduction and…

Spatial Light Modulators and Applications. 1988 Technical Digest Series, Volume 8

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

presence of an applied field but without run- ning gratings; then the fringes are allowed to move, with a velocity that optimizes self- in which F0...Laboratories. The optimization of an MQW modulator for both phase and amplitude modulation is reported, along with preliminary structural N.J design for a...Canyon Road Malibu, California 90265 ABSTRACT The optimization of an MOW modulator for both phase and amplitude modulation is reported,along with

Naval War College Review. Volume 64, Number 1, Winter 2011

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

2010, a Chinese delegation headed by Major General Li Ning, the defense counselor for the Chinese mission to the European Union , visited the...headquarters of European Union Naval Force (EU NAVFOR) Somalia in Djibouti.52 Djibouti would be an excellent choice as a place for the PLAN, and it should...France’s Base Aérienne 188 is home to the headquarters of EU NAVFOR Somalia/Operation ATALANTA, the European Union naval force tasked with

Preparation of Hemoglobin-Containing Microcapsules.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

were suspended in saline for storage in a refrigerator. Although in these microencapsulation experiments, the Hb was not denatured, the microcapsules ... microencapsulated Hb, l.O-ml sample of the microcapsule suspension was diluted with 10 ml 0.9% NaCI. The absorption spectrum was taken immediately after dilution...AD A135 634 PREPARATION OF HEMOGLOBIN CONTA NING MICROCAPSULES (U) I/ ,R 224 AM OS NTERNATIDNAL MENOPARKO CA REYES AUNN8 SRI-2254-1 DAMD17-80-C-01?7

The Super-Secret, Never-before-Revealed Guide to Web 2.0 in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaffhauser, Dian

2010-01-01

In spite of the fact that web 2.0-enabled tools and services are supposed to be easy to set up and simple to use, some faculty in higher education never got that memo. They don't know a tweet from a tag, identify Ning as a four-letter word for "river in China", and would probably guess that Squidoo is a friend of SpongeBob and Patrick. This guide…

Translations on Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs, Number 318

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-09-08

cent of those ar- rested for drug offences had no religious back- ground. He therefore called on ’ the Malaysian Inter-Re- , ligions...guidance teachers throughout Per- ak on matters concer- ning drug abuse; ©To screen slides ät various lecture sessions and cinema ; .•To seek cooper...illicit drugs, it would mean that 15 out of every 1,000 Malaysians have drug- tainted fingers (based on a population figure of 12 mil- lion).. An idea

Army Logistician. Volume 41, Issue 4, July-August 2009

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-08-01

misuse the terms associated with targeting to fit sustainment, we run the risk of misusing the original term when it is used in the context of lethal...but as the term became a “catch- all” for Army operations, the original concept lost its intended purpose. We no longer use the term because of its...the detriment of its original purpose in Army plan- ning and operations. Rather than change terminology, the sustainment community needs to focus on

Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Military System Applications of Superconductors

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

sensitivity increases over current scan- ning IR sensors, # W’W Ana/&_ and U/tin- Fast Di sia$zd W Pfor radar and optical sen- sors; W’Ujh Power Motors...The electromagnetic (EM) mass accelerator concept is some 25 years old and has been ex- plored intermittently . Recently, SDIO has supported EM rail...Increased Radar Range HIS - Medium Risk (Phased-Array Antenna) WIDEBAND ANALOG AND ULTRA- FAST LTS - Low Risk (Analog) DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING Medium Risk

Effect of Fatigue-Stressing Short of Failure on Some Typical Aircraft Metals

DTIC Science & Technology

1945-10-01

of the fractures .. .,. . ....:,:..;.-.,: ,: TTqm c,on~~~’~rktion of such resultb it seemed worth while ~“~arn+ning the effects of repeated strese:on...fatigue-stz’~$sed short 015:: fracture . ; Tli~ impact behavior of normalized SAE X 4130 staal was studied[’YoTlotiing” fatigue-stressing .under”a...conduc&ed in the conventional manner on a group of notched specimens t-o determine the S-N curve and the fatigue limit (tests to fracture ). Four

The Impact of Prostate Cancer Treatment-Related Symptoms on Low-Income Latino Couples

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

hacerle una pregunta sobre su salud. A1. En general, ¿Usted diría que su salud es excelente, muy buena, buena, regular, o mala? 100...hizo usted su trabajo u otras actividades con el mismo cuidado que de costumbre debido a algún problema emocional, como sentirse deprimido o...problema, si es que ha tenido problemas con esto, de gotear orina o mojarse los pantalones durante las últimas 4 semanas? 100 Ningún problema

Design and Development of a Super Permeability Nanostructured Permalloy Composite

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-11-20

Oh, J.Y. Lee, W.X. Chen, “Effect of the pH Value on the Magnetic Properties of Electroplated NiFe Layers”, Materials Science Forum 437-438 (2003) 57...60. 3 H.L. Seet, X.P. Li, N.Ning, W.C. Ng, J.B. Yi, “Effect of Magnetic Coating Layer Thickness on the Magnetic Properties of Electrodeposited NiFe ...15 5. Comparison between the magnetic properties of the stripe and wire structured composites 29 6. Design, development and

A Framework for Managing the Assured Information Sharing Lifecycle

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-11-06

Mohamed Nabeel , Elisa Bertino: Privacy preserving delegated access control in the storage as a service model. IRI 2012: 645-652 • Mohamed Nabeel , Ning...2012: 67-68 • M. Nabeel , J. Zage, S. Kerr, E. Bertino, N. Athula Kulatunga, U. Sudheera Navaratne, M. Duren: Crypto- graphic Key Management for Smart...Military Communications Conf., Nov.2011. • Pramod Jagtap, Anupam Joshi, Tim Finin and Laura Zavala, Preserving Privacy in Context-Aware Sys - tems, Proc. 5th IEEE Int. Conf. on Semantic Computing, Oct. 2011.

The Evolution of US Army Tactical Doctrine, 1946-76 (Leavenworth Papers, Number 1)

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-01

different from those usedin the past. As for the offense, rhe manual noted that chemical, biological and radiological agents could be used “to...The official Army study was entitled­ “Atomic Field Army-l 1956 (,ATFA-I).” The formal field tests began in 1954with the 1st Armored Division at...Fort Hood, Texas, and the 47th Infantry Division at Fort Ben­ ning, Georgia. The extensive tests were designed to determine what changes in

Genetic Modifiers of Ovarian Cancer

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-08-01

Barile M, Pensotti V, Pasini B, Dolcetti R, Giannini G, Laura Putignano A, Varesco L, Radice P, Mai PL, Greene MH, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H... Barile 17 M, Bernard L, Viel A, Giannini G, Varesco L, Radice P, Greene MH, Mai PL, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G; for kConFab investigators, Offit K...Peissel B, Sellers TA, Ficarazzi F, Barile M, Ziogas A, Ashworth A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Jones M, Ramus SJ, Orr N, Menon U, Pearce CL, Brüning T, Pike MC

Sensitivity of Typhoon Track Predictions in a Regional Prediction System to Initial and Lateral Boundary Conditions

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

123, 93–109. ——, T.-H. Yen, Y.-H. Kuo, and W. Wang, 2002: Rainfall simu- lation associated with Typhoon Herb (1996) near Taiwan . Part I: The topographic...Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan MELINDA S. PENG Marine Meteorology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, California DER-SONG CHEN, KANG-NING HUANG, AND...TIEN-CHIANG YEH Central Weather Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan (Manuscript received 13 May 2008, in final form 25 December 2008) ABSTRACT Tropical cyclone

Lead Me, Follow Me, or Get Out of My Way: Rethinking and Refining the Civil-Military Relationship

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

nearly a quarter-century ago. Dr. Shulman notes numerous social, legal , political, and technologi- cal changes in recent years that should occasion a...law, Dr. Shulman elucidates some of the important schisms between members of the Armed Forces and civil soci- ety. He explains the legal maneuvers...III asks where we go from here. These important books attribute a thin- ning of civilian control over the military to specific legal and political

Robotics: An Introduction to Today’s Robot and Future Trends.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-01

trial applications." What qualities define a machine as a robot? The Robot Institute of Amer- ica defines a robot as follows: "A robot is a reprogrammable ...manufactures a robot with a spin- ning wrist. Second, and this is the key feature, robots are reprogrammable and hence versatile. An automatic lathe is not...robot spot-welds an automobile frame. In Figure 8, a single robot transferring a transmission case is shown, but a total of eight robots are

A DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR THE STUDY OF TRANSIENT RADIATION EFFECTS ON ELECTRONIC DEVICES. Paper 5 of FOURTH RADIATION EFFECTS SYMPOSIUM, SEPTEMBER 15-16, 1959, CINCINNATI, OHIO. GENERAL SESSION PAPERS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cochrane, D.O.; Graham, F.E.; Sauer, H.S.

1961-10-31

ning both the transient and permanent effects that an environment of the type created by a nuclear detonation or a pulsed reactor exerts on electronic devices, is described. The design of suitable test heads for containing the electronic devices is discussed. The design of a blockhouse for use near Ground Sero when evaluating components in a weapons environment is also discussed. (C.J.G.)

New genotypes of Liao ning virus (LNV) in Australia exhibit an insect-specific phenotype.

PubMed

Prow, Natalie A; Mah, Marcus G; Deerain, Joshua M; Warrilow, David; Colmant, Agathe M G; O'Brien, Caitlin A; Harrison, Jessica J; McLean, Breeanna J; Hewlett, Elise K; Piyasena, Thisun B H; Hall-Mendelin, Sonja; van den Hurk, Andrew F; Watterson, Daniel; Huang, Bixing; Schulz, Benjamin L; Webb, Cameron E; Johansen, Cheryl A; Chow, Weng K; Hobson-Peters, Jody; Cazier, Chris; Coffey, Lark L; Faddy, Helen M; Suhrbier, Andreas; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle; Hall, Roy A

2018-04-01

Liao ning virus (LNV) was first isolated in 1996 from mosquitoes in China, and has been shown to replicate in selected mammalian cell lines and to cause lethal haemorrhagic disease in experimentally infected mice. The first detection of LNV in Australia was by deep sequencing of mosquito homogenates. We subsequently isolated LNV from mosquitoes of four genera (Culex, Anopheles, Mansonia and Aedes) in New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia; the earliest of these Australian isolates were obtained from mosquitoes collected in 1988, predating the first Chinese isolates. Genetic analysis revealed that the Australian LNV isolates formed two new genotypes: one including isolates from eastern and northern Australia, and the second comprising isolates from the south-western corner of the continent. In contrast to findings reported for the Chinese LNV isolates, the Australian LNV isolates did not replicate in vertebrate cells in vitro or in vivo, or produce signs of disease in wild-type or immunodeficient mice. A panel of human and animal sera collected from regions where the virus was found in high prevalence also showed no evidence of LNV-specific antibodies. Furthermore, high rates of virus detection in progeny reared from infected adult female mosquitoes, coupled with visualization of the virus within the ovarian follicles by immunohistochemistry, suggest that LNV is transmitted transovarially. Thus, despite relatively minor genomic differences between Chinese and Australian LNV strains, the latter display a characteristic insect-specific phenotype.

Quality evaluation of Guan-Xin-Ning injection based on fingerprint analysis and simultaneous separation and determination of seven bioactive constituents by capillary electrophoresis.

PubMed

Xu, Liying; Chang, Ruimiao; Chen, Meng; Li, Lou; Huang, Yayun; Zhang, Hongfen; Chen, Anjia

2017-12-01

The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive, rapid and practical capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for quality control (QC) of Guan-Xin-Ning (GXN) injection based on fingerprint analysis and simultaneous separation and determination of seven constituents. In fingerprint analysis, a capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method with a running buffer of 30 mM borate solution (pH 9.3) was established. Meanwhile, ten batches of samples were used to establish the fingerprint electropherogram and 34 common peaks were obtained within 20 min. The RSD of relative migration times (RMT) and relative peak areas (RPA) were less than 5%. In order to further evaluate the quality of GXN injection, a micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method was developed for simultaneous separation and determination of bioactive constituents. Seven components reached baseline separation with a running buffer containing 35 mM SDS and 45 mM borate solution (pH 9.3). A good linearity was obtained with correlation coefficients from 0.9906 to 0.9997. The LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.12 to 1.50 μg/mL and from 0.40 to 4.90 μg/mL, respectively. The recoveries ranged between 99.0 and 104.4%. Therefore, it was concluded that the proposed method can be used for full-scale quality analysis of GXN injection. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Surface Warfare September/October 2000, Volume 25, No. 5 Maritime Dominance

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-10-01

Yet the price of supremacy remains high. High in the cost of building and maintaining the most sophisticated Fleet the world has ever seen . High in...American people expect a win- ning franchise . To deliver on this demand and field a winning ball club, we require a state-of-the-art ball field...yet with where we are. scribed to that. That’s what you’ve used to be. We still have a ways to go. We still seen in Kosovo or Iraq, where we’ve have

Japanese Aggression in Asia (1895-1930). Japan’s Dream of ’Hakko Ichuo’ (Eight Corners of the World under Japanese Rule).

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

the British Navy was also of significant value, for then Britannia still ruled the waves. The huge indemnity received from the Chinese played an...11 among the sons, the eldest took all and the second and third sons became either factory or mine workers or apprentices of a merchant. When...warehouses, spin- ning, paper and sugar mills, all based on the large profits which came from banking, mining and foreign trade. Mitsubishi had its

Plasmon Lasers: Coherent Light Source at Molecular Scales

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Y . S . Oei, R . Nötzel, C.-Z. Ning, and M.K. Smit, Opt. Express 17, 11107–11112 (2009). [8] M.A. Noginov...Kang, C. Seassal, S .-K. Kim, P. Regreny, Y .-H. Lee, C.M. Lieber, and H.-G. Park Nano, Lett. 10, 3679–3683 (2010). [11] R.M.Ma, R . F. Oulton, V. J... R . T. Hill, J. J. Mock, Y . Urzhumov, D. S . Sebba, S . J. Olden- burg, S .- Y . Chen, A. Lazarides, A. Chilkoti, and D. R . Smith, Nano Lett. 10,

High Frequency Magneto Dielectric Effects In Self Assembled Ferrite Ferroelectric Core Shell Nanoparticles

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-10

2008). 2 Y. Yang, S. Priya, J. Li , and D. Viehland, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92, 1552 (2009). 3 J. Ma, J. Hu, Z. Li , and C. W. Nan, Adv. Mater. 23, 1062...2013) 9 Yongke Yan, Yuan Zhou, and Shashank Priya, Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 032911 (2014) 10 Gaojian Wu, Tianxiang Nan, Ru Zhang, Ning Zhang, Shandong Li ...Kim, L. T. Schelhas, S. Keller, J. L. Hockel, S. H. Tolbert, and G. P. Carman, Nano Lett. 13, 884 (2013). 13 S. Zhang, Y. G. Zhao, P. S. Li , J. J

Self-Remediating Energetic Fills Based on Cyclic Dinitroureas

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-01

159 ° C (sample- dependent) c ,e Detonation pressure PCJ (GPa) 38.7h 46.2i - 37.98 g Detonation velocity D (km/sec) 9.07 j ~9.75 k,l 8.67 b 8.81 g...Gao, S.-L.; Zhu, C .-H.; Ning, B.-K.; Chen, P.; Luo, Y.; Song, J .- R.; Shi, Q.-Z. Chin. J . Chem. 2004, 22, 1075. TNGU was chosen to move forward...R.E.; DeSesso, J . II; Vogel, C . M. Comparison of the Relative Risks of CL-20 and RDX. Noblis Technical Report, July 2007; http://www.serdp- estcp.org

Lin Receives 2010 Natural Hazards Focus Group Award for Graduate Research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2010-11-01

Ning Lin has been awarded the Natural Hazards Focus Group Award for Graduate Research, given annually to a recent Ph.D. recipient for outstanding contributions to natural hazards research. Lin's thesis is entitled “Multi-hazard risk analysis related to hurricanes.” She is scheduled to present an invited talk in the Extreme Natural Events: Modeling, Prediction, and Mitigation session (NH20) during the 2010 AGU Fall Meeting, held 13-17 December in San Francisco, Calif. Lin will be formally presented with the award at the Natural Hazards focus group reception on 14 December 2010.

Observational Study of Particle Acceleration in the 2006 December 13 Flare

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Minoshima, T.; Morimoto, T.; Kawate, T.; Imada, S.; Koshiishi, H.; Masuda, S.; Kubo, M.; Inoue, S.; Isobe, H.; Krucker, S.; Yokoyama, T.

2008-12-01

We study the particle acceleration in a flare on 2006 December 13, by using the Hinode, RHESSI, Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters (NoRP) and Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) observations. For technical reasons, both RHESSI and NoRH have a problem in imaging in this flare. Since we have succeeded in solving the problem, it is now possible to discuss the particle acceleration mechanism from an image analysis. This flare shows very long-lasting (1 hour) non-thermal emissions, consisting of many spikes. We focus on the second major spike at 02:29 UT, because the RHESSI image is available only in this period. The RHESSI 35-100 keV HXR image shows double sources located at the footpoints of the western soft X-ray (SXR) loop seen by the Hinode/XRT. The non-linear force-free (NLFF) modeling based on a magnetogram data by Inoue et al. shows the NLFF to potential magnetic transition of the loop, which would induce the electric field and then accelerate particles. Overlaying the HXR image on the photospheric three-dimensional magnetic field map taken by the Hinode Spectro-Polarimeter, we find that the HXR sources are located at the region where the horizontal magnetic fields invert. The NoRH 34 GHz microwave images show the loop structure connecting the HXR sources. The microwave peaks do not located at the top of the loop but between the loop top and the footpoints. The NoRP microwave spectrum shows the soft-hard-soft pattern in the period, same as the HXR spectrum (Ning 2008). From these observational results we suggest that the electrons were accelerated parallel to the magnetic field line near the magnetic separatrix.

Analysis of point source pollution and water environmental quality variation trends in the Nansi Lake basin from 2002 to 2012.

PubMed

Wang, Weiliang; Liu, Xiaohui; Wang, Yufan; Guo, Xiaochun; Lu, Shaoyong

2016-03-01

Based on the data analysis of the water environmental quality and economic development from 2002 to 2012 in the Nansi Lake basin, the correlation and change between the water environmental quality and economic development were studied. Results showed that the GDP and wastewater emissions of point source in the Nansi Lake basin had an average annual growth of 7.30 and 7.68 %, respectively, from 2002 to 2012. The emissions of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) had the average annual decrease of 7.69 and 6.79 % in 2012, respectively, compared to 2002. Basin water quality overall improved, reaching the Class III of the "Environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002)," in which the main reason was that sewage treatment rate increased gradually and was above 90 % in 2012 (an increase of 10 % compared to 2002) with the progress of pollution abatement technology and the implementation of relevant policies and regulations. The contribution of water environmental pollution was analyzed from related cities (Ji'ning, Zaozhuang, Heze). Results indicated that Ji'ning had the largest contribution to water pollution of the Nansi Lake basin, and the pollutant from domestic sources accounted for a higher percentage compared to industrial sources. The wastewater, COD, and NH3-N mainly came from mining and washing of coal, manufacture of raw chemical materials and chemical products, papermaking industry, and food processing industry. According to the water pollution characteristics of the Nansi Lake basin, the basin pollution treatment strategy and prevention and treatment system were dissected to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of lakeside point source pollution along the Nansi Lake.

A study of the turn-up effect in the electron momentum spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dal Cappello, C.; Menas, F.; Houamer, S.; Popov, Yu V.; Roy, A. C.

2015-10-01

Recently, a number of electron momentum spectroscopy measurements for the ionization of atoms and molecules have shown that the triple differential cross section (TDCS) has an unexpected higher intensity in a low momentum regime (Brunger M J, Braidwood S W, Mc Carthy I E and Weigold E 1994 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 27 L597, Hollebone B P, Neville J J, Zheng Y, Brion C E, Wang Y and Davidson E R 1995 Chem. Phys. 196 13, Brion C E, Zheng Y, Rolke J, Neville J J, McCarthy I E and Wang J 1998 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 31 L223, Ren X G, Ning C G, Deng J K, Zhang S F, Su G L, Huang F and Li G Q 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 163201, Deng J K, et al 2001 J. Chem. Phys. 114 882, Ning C G, Ren X G, Deng J K, Su G L, Zhang S F and Li G Q 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 022704). This surprising result is now called the turn-up effect. Our aim is to investigate such an effect by studying the case of the ionization of atomic hydrogen in an excited state using the 3C model (Brauner M, Briggs J S and Klar H 1989 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 22 2265) which is able to describe all the measured results of the single ionization of atomic hydrogen in its ground state for an incident energy beyond 200 eV. A comparison is also made of the findings of the present method with those of the plane wave impulse approximation and distorted wave models.

Patterns of HIV prevalence among injecting drug users in the cross-border area of Lang Son Province, Vietnam, and Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China.

PubMed

Des Jarlais, Don C; Johnston, Patrick; Friedmann, Patricia; Kling, Ryan; Liu, Wei; Ngu, Doan; Chen, Yi; Hoang, Tran V; Donghua, Meng; Van, Ly K; Tung, Nguyen D; Binh, Kieu T; Hammett, Theodore M

2005-08-24

To assess patterns of injecting drug use and HIV prevalence among injecting drug users (IDUs) in an international border area along a major heroin trans-shipment route. Cross-sectional surveys of IDUs in 5 sites in Lang Son Province, Vietnam (n = 348) and 3 sites in Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China (n = 308). Respondents were recruited through peer referral ("snowball") methods in both countries, and also from officially recorded lists of IDUs in Vietnam. A risk behavior questionnaire was administered and HIV counseling and testing conducted. Participants in both countries were largely male, in their 20s, and unmarried. A majority of subjects in both countries were members of ethnic minority groups. There were strong geographic gradients for length of drug injecting and for HIV seroprevalence. Both mean years injecting and HIV seroprevalence declined from the Vietnamese site farthest from the border to the Chinese site farthest from the border. 10.6% of participants in China and 24.5% of participants in Vietnam reported crossing the international border in the 6 months prior to interview. Crossing the border by IDUs was associated with (1) distance from the border, (2) being a member of an ethnic minority group, and (3) being HIV seropositive among Chinese participants. Reducing the international spread of HIV among IDUs will require programs at the global, regional, national, and "local cross border" levels. At the local cross border level, the programs should be coordinated on both sides of the border and on a sufficient scale that IDUs will be able to readily obtain clean injection equipment on the other side of the border as well as in their country of residence.

Patterns of HIV prevalence among injecting drug users in the cross-border area of Lang Son Province, Vietnam, and Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China

PubMed Central

Des Jarlais, Don C; Johnston, Patrick; Friedmann, Patricia; Kling, Ryan; Liu, Wei; Ngu, Doan; Chen, Yi; Hoang, Tran V; Donghua, Meng; Van, Ly K; Tung, Nguyen D; Binh, Kieu T; Hammett, Theodore M

2005-01-01

Background To assess patterns of injecting drug use and HIV prevalence among injecting drug users (IDUs) in an international border area along a major heroin trans-shipment route. Methods Cross-sectional surveys of IDUs in 5 sites in Lang Son Province, Vietnam (n = 348) and 3 sites in Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China (n = 308). Respondents were recruited through peer referral ("snowball") methods in both countries, and also from officially recorded lists of IDUs in Vietnam. A risk behavior questionnaire was administered and HIV counseling and testing conducted. Results Participants in both countries were largely male, in their 20s, and unmarried. A majority of subjects in both countries were members of ethnic minority groups. There were strong geographic gradients for length of drug injecting and for HIV seroprevalence. Both mean years injecting and HIV seroprevalence declined from the Vietnamese site farthest from the border to the Chinese site farthest from the border. 10.6% of participants in China and 24.5% of participants in Vietnam reported crossing the international border in the 6 months prior to interview. Crossing the border by IDUs was associated with (1) distance from the border, (2) being a member of an ethnic minority group, and (3) being HIV seropositive among Chinese participants. Conclusion Reducing the international spread of HIV among IDUs will require programs at the global, regional, national, and "local cross border" levels. At the local cross border level, the programs should be coordinated on both sides of the border and on a sufficient scale that IDUs will be able to readily obtain clean injection equipment on the other side of the border as well as in their country of residence. PMID:16120225

Flowfield Measurements in the Vortex Wake of a Missile at High Angle of Attack in Turbulence

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-01

pressure coefficient Cy: side force coefficient d: base diameter of the missile body F: blockage correction K: wind tunnel calibration factor LI : missile...and assistance in the wind tunnel apparatus and data acquisition s -;te1 m. I would like to thank Lt. Ao Chia-Ning. Republic of China Navy, Mr. Li ...axisymmetric missile configuration. 6- MO GRID + WIJS RE 1.33 E+05 z 2- Li 0- O C8 -C0 tq *tt~E I ’mtO0 E 5 , • r;.H/ 2 011USE 6 -6 x J! ’ 5SE 3 ,AHOSE

On the Asymptotic Behavior of a Log Gas in the Bulk Scaling Limit in the Presence of a Varying External Potential I

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bothner, Thomas; Deift, Percy; Its, Alexander; Krasovsky, Igor

2015-08-01

We study the determinant , of the integrable Fredholm operator K s acting on the interval (-1, 1) with kernel . This determinant arises in the analysis of a log-gas of interacting particles in the bulk-scaling limit, at inverse temperature , in the presence of an external potential supported on an interval of length . We evaluate, in particular, the double scaling limit of as and , in the region , for any fixed . This problem was first considered by Dyson (Chen Ning Yang: A Great Physicist of the Twentieth Century. International Press, Cambridge, pp. 131-146, 1995).

Combination of counterpropagation artificial neural networks and antioxidant activities for comprehensive evaluation of associated-extraction efficiency of various cyclodextrins in the traditional Chinese formula Xue-Zhi-Ning.

PubMed

Sun, Lili; Yang, Jianwen; Wang, Meng; Zhang, Huijie; Liu, Yanan; Ren, Xiaoliang; Qi, Aidi

2015-11-10

Xue-Zhi-Ning (XZN) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine formula to treat hyperlipidemia. Recently, cyclodextrins (CDs) have been extensively used to minimize problems relative to medicine bioavailability, such as low solubility and poor stability. The objective of this study was to determine the associated-extraction efficiency of various CDs in XZN. Three various type CDs were evaluated, including native CDs (α-CD, β-CD), hydrophilic CD derivatives (HP-β-CD and Me-β-CD), and ionic CD derivatives (SBE-β-CD and CM-β-CD). An ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint was applied to determine the components in CD extracts and original aqueous extract (OAE). A counterpropagation artificial neural network (CP-ANN) was used to analyze the components in different extracts and compare the selective extraction of various CDs. Extraction efficiencies of the various CDs in terms of extracted components follow the ranking, ionic CD derivatives>hydrophilic CD derivatives>native CDs>OAE. Besides, different types of CDs have their own selective extraction and ionic CD derivatives present the strongest associated-extraction efficiency. Antioxidant potentials of various extracts were evaluated by determining the inhibition of spontaneous, H2O2-induced, CCl4-induced and Fe(2+)/ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) and analyzing the scavenging capacity for DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. The order of extraction efficiencies of the various CDs relative to antioxidant activities is as follows: SBE-β-CD>CM-β-CD>HP-β-CD>Me-β-CD>β-CD>α-CD. It can be demonstrated that all of the CDs studied increase the extraction efficiency and that ionic CD derivatives (SBE-β-CD and CM-β-CD) present the highest extraction capability in terms of amount extracted and antioxidant activities of extracts. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Discovery and mapping of single feature polymorphisms in wheat using Affymetrix arrays

PubMed Central

Bernardo, Amy N; Bradbury, Peter J; Ma, Hongxiang; Hu, Shengwa; Bowden, Robert L; Buckler, Edward S; Bai, Guihua

2009-01-01

Background Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple food crop worldwide. The wheat genome has not yet been sequenced due to its huge genome size (~17,000 Mb) and high levels of repetitive sequences; the whole genome sequence may not be expected in the near future. Available linkage maps have low marker density due to limitation in available markers; therefore new technologies that detect genome-wide polymorphisms are still needed to discover a large number of new markers for construction of high-resolution maps. A high-resolution map is a critical tool for gene isolation, molecular breeding and genomic research. Single feature polymorphism (SFP) is a new microarray-based type of marker that is detected by hybridization of DNA or cRNA to oligonucleotide probes. This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of using the Affymetrix GeneChip to discover and map SFPs in the large hexaploid wheat genome. Results Six wheat varieties of diverse origins (Ning 7840, Clark, Jagger, Encruzilhada, Chinese Spring, and Opata 85) were analyzed for significant probe by variety interactions and 396 probe sets with SFPs were identified. A subset of 164 unigenes was sequenced and 54% showed polymorphism within probes. Microarray analysis of 71 recombinant inbred lines from the cross Ning 7840/Clark identified 955 SFPs and 877 of them were mapped together with 269 simple sequence repeat markers. The SFPs were randomly distributed within a chromosome but were unevenly distributed among different genomes. The B genome had the most SFPs, and the D genome had the least. Map positions of a selected set of SFPs were validated by mapping single nucleotide polymorphism using SNaPshot and comparing with expressed sequence tags mapping data. Conclusion The Affymetrix array is a cost-effective platform for SFP discovery and SFP mapping in wheat. The new high-density map constructed in this study will be a useful tool for genetic and genomic research in wheat. PMID:19480702

MicroCameras and Photometers (MCP) on board the TARANIS satellite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Farges, T.; Hébert, P.; Le Mer-Dachard, F.; Ravel, K.; Gaillac, S.

2017-12-01

TARANIS (Tool for the Analysis of Radiations from lightNing and Sprites) is a CNES micro satellite. Its main objective is to study impulsive transfers of energy between the Earth atmosphere and the space environment. It will be sun-synchronous at an altitude of 700 km. It will be launched in 2019 for at least 2 years. Its payload is composed of several electromagnetic instruments in different wavelengths (from gamma-rays to radio waves including optical). TARANIS instruments are currently in calibration and qualification phase. The purpose is to present the MicroCameras and Photometers (MCP) design, to show its performances after its recent characterization and at last to discuss the scientific objectives and how we want to answer it with the MCP observations. The MicroCameras, developed by Sodern, are dedicated to the spatial description of TLEs and their parent lightning. They are able to differentiate sprite and lightning thanks to two narrow bands ([757-767 nm] and [772-782 nm]) that provide simultaneous pairs of images of an Event. Simulation results of the differentiation method will be shown. After calibration and tests, the MicroCameras are now delivered to the CNES for integration on the payload. The Photometers, developed by Bertin Technologies, will provide temporal measurements and spectral characteristics of TLEs and lightning. There are key instrument because of their capability to detect on-board TLEs and then switch all the instruments of the scientific payload in their high resolution acquisition mode. Photometers use four spectral bands in the [170-260 nm], [332-342 nm], [757-767 nm] and [600-900 nm] and have the same field of view as cameras. The on-board TLE detection algorithm remote-controlled parameters have been tuned before launch using the electronic board and simulated or real events waveforms. After calibration, the Photometers are now going through the environmental tests. They will be delivered to the CNES for integration on the payload in September 2017.

Neutron-capture rates for explosive nucleosynthesis: the case of 68Ni(n, γ) 69Ni

DOE PAGES

Spyrou, Artemis; Larsen, Ann-Cecilie; Liddick, Sean N.; ...

2017-02-22

Neutron-capture reactions play an important role in heavy element nucleosynthesis, since they are the driving force for the two processes that create the vast majority of the heavy elements. When a neutron capture occurs on a short-lived nucleus, it is extremely challenging to study the reaction directly and therefore the use of indirect techniques is essential. The present work reports on such an indirect measurement that provides strong constraints on the 68Ni(n,g) 69Ni reaction rate.The commonly used reaction libraries JINA-REACLIB and BRUSLIB are in relatively good agreement with the experimental rate. The impact of the new rate on weak r-processmore » calculations is discussed.« less

Implementation Analysis of Cutting Tool Carbide with Cast Iron Material S45 C on Universal Lathe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Junaidi; hestukoro, Soni; yanie, Ahmad; Jumadi; Eddy

2017-12-01

Cutting tool is the tools lathe. Cutting process tool CARBIDE with Cast Iron Material Universal Lathe which is commonly found at Analysiscutting Process by some aspects numely Cutting force, Cutting Speed, Cutting Power, Cutting Indication Power, Temperature Zone 1 and Temperatur Zone 2. Purpose of this Study was to determine how big the cutting Speed, Cutting Power, electromotor Power,Temperatur Zone 1 and Temperatur Zone 2 that drives the chisel cutting CARBIDE in the Process of tur ning Cast Iron Material. Cutting force obtained from image analysis relationship between the recommended Component Cuting Force with plane of the cut and Cutting Speed obtained from image analysis of relationships between the recommended Cutting Speed Feed rate.

The Current Use of Social Media in Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Review of the Literature.

PubMed

Ross, Jennifer Gunberg; Myers, Shannon Marie

2017-07-01

Social media, including blogs, Twitter, wikis, Facebook, YouTube, and Ning, provides an opportunity for nurse educators to engage undergraduate nursing students who are members of the millennial generation in active learning while enhancing knowledge and fostering communication. Despite the rise of social media usage in undergraduate nursing education, there is a significant deficiency of empirical evidence supporting the efficacy and outcomes of these teaching strategies. This article provides an overview of social media use in undergraduate nursing education and a review of the existing research related to social media use in prelicensure nursing education. Overall, undergraduate nursing students respond positively to social media use in nursing education; however, no outcome measures are available to determine the effect of these teaching strategies on student learning.

Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model

USGS Publications Warehouse

Langevin, Christian D.; Hughes, Joseph D.; Banta, Edward R.; Niswonger, Richard G.; Panday, Sorab; Provost, Alden M.

2017-08-10

This report documents the Groundwater Flow (GWF) Model for a new version of MODFLOW called MODFLOW 6. The GWF Model for MODFLOW 6 is based on a generalized control-volume finite-difference approach in which a cell can be hydraulically connected to any number of surrounding cells. Users can define the model grid using one of three discretization packages, including (1) a structured discretization package for defining regular MODFLOW grids consisting of layers, rows, and columns, (2) a discretization by ver­tices package for defining layered unstructured grids consisting of layers and cells, and (3) a general unstruc­tured discretization package for defining flexible grids comprised of cells and their connection properties. For layered grids, a new capability is available for removing thin cells and vertically connecting cells overlying and underlying the thin cells. For complex problems involving water-table conditions, an optional Newton-Raphson formulation, based on the formulations in MODFLOW-NWT and MODFLOW-USG, can be acti­vated. Use of the Newton-Raphson formulation will often improve model convergence and allow solutions to be obtained for difficult problems that cannot be solved using the traditional wetting and drying approach. The GWF Model is divided into “packages,” as was done in previous MODFLOW versions. A package is the part of the model that deals with a single aspect of simulation. Packages included with the GWF Model include those related to internal calculations of groundwater flow (discretization, initial conditions, hydraulic conduc­tance, and storage), stress packages (constant heads, wells, recharge, rivers, general head boundaries, drains, and evapotranspiration), and advanced stress packages (streamflow routing, lakes, multi-aquifer wells, and unsaturated zone flow). An additional package is also available for moving water available in one package into the individual features of the advanced stress packages. The GWF Model also has packages for obtaining and controlling output from the model. This report includes detailed explanations of physical and mathematical concepts on which the GWF Model and its packages are based.Like its predecessors, MODFLOW 6 is based on a highly modular structure; however, this structure has been extended into an object-oriented framework. The framework includes a robust and generalized numeri­cal solution object, which can be used to solve many different types of models. The numerical solution object has several different matrix preconditioning options as well as several methods for solving the linear system of equations. In this new framework, the GWF Model itself is an object as are each of the GWF Model packages. A benefit of the object-oriented structure is that multiple objects of the same type can be used in a single sim­ulation. Thus, a single forward run with MODFLOW 6 may contain multiple GWF Models. GWF Models can be hydraulically connected using GWF-GWF Exchange objects. Connecting GWF models in different ways permits the user to utilize a local grid refinement strategy consisting of parent and child models or to couple adjacent GWF Models. An advantage of the approach implemented in MODFLOW 6 is that multiple models and their exchanges can be incorporated into a single numerical solution object. With this design, models can be tightly coupled at the matrix level.

Atteinte cérébro-méningée multiple révélant une Tuberculose multifocale chez un immunocompétent

PubMed Central

Boulahri, Tarik; Taous, Abdellah; Berri, Maha Aït; Traibi, Imane; Rouimi, Abdelhadi

2016-01-01

La Tuberculose constitue un problème de santé publique au Maroc. L’atteinte du système nerveux central est néanmoins rare, survenant dans un contexte de tuberculose multifocale ou miliaire tuberculeuse. Cependant elle peut être un mode de révélation même chez un sujet immunocompétent. Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme de 30 ans qui avait présenté un trouble du langage évoluant dans un contexte d’altération de l’état général avec à l’examen clinique une aphasie motrice de type Broca, un syndrome pyramidal latéralisé à droite et des adénopathies latéro-cérvicales. la sérologie HIV était négative. L’IRM cérébrale: montrait des lésions associant des tuberculomes intracrâniens multiple et une image de méningo-encéphalite. La TDM thoracique montrait de multiples micronodules pulmonaires, une image cavitaire à paroi épaissie et DDB du fowler droit et du culmen. La biopsie des ganglions lymphatiques révélait la présence de granulome typique de tuberculose. Le diagnostic de tuberculose multifocale fut retenu et le patient fut mis sous traitement anti-bacillaire associé à une corticothérapie avec une bonne évolution clinico-radiologique. Cette observation est particulière par l’aspect et le siège des lésions tuberculeuse retrouvées à l’imagerie cérébrale, par l’absence d’immunodéficience, par la bonne évolution sous traitement et souligne l’intérêt de rechercher activement par un bilan exhaustif une infection tuberculeuse extra-cérébrale associée devant toute lésion cérébro-méningée évocatrice de tuberculose. PMID:28293347

Coltiviruses and Seadornaviruses in North America, Europe, and Asia

PubMed Central

Jaafar, Fauziah Mohd; de Micco, Philippe; de Lamballerie, Xavier

2005-01-01

Coltiviruses are tickborne viruses of the genus Coltivirus. The type species, Colorado tick fever virus (from North America), has been isolated from patients with flulike syndromes, meningitis, encephalitis, and other severe complications. Another coltivirus, Eyach virus, has been isolated from ticks in France and Germany and incriminated in febrile illnesses and neurologic syndromes. Seadornaviruses are endemic in Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia and China. The prototype virus of the genus, Banna virus (BAV), has been isolated from many mosquito species, humans with encephalitis, pigs, and cattle. Two other seadornaviruses, Kadipiro and Liao Ning, were isolated only from mosquitoes. The epidemiology of seadornaviruses remains poorly documented. Evidence suggests that BAV is responsible for encephalitis in humans. Infection with BAV may be underreported because it circulates in regions with a high incidence of Japanese encephalitis and could be misdiagnosed as this disease. PMID:16318717

[Study on origin of meridians and collaterals through pain relieving effect of muscle regions].

PubMed

Dong, Bao-Qiang; Li, Chun-Ri; Huang, Feng-Yun; Zhang, Shu-Jian; Xue, Li-Gong

2011-08-01

Through analysis on sequencing of meridians and their muscle regions, their pertaining organs, run ning courses, linking and indications described in Zubi Shiyimai (Eleven Meridian of Foot and Hand), Yinyang Shiyimai (Eleven Meridian of Yinyang), Lingshu: Jingmai (Miraculous Pivot: Meridian) and Lingshu: Jinjing (Miraculous Pivot: Muscle Meridian), it is found that most of the indications of acupuncture in ancient time are symptoms of the muscle regions. 62.59% points of the national standard acupoints location close to tender points of the muscle regions, which indicates that the origin of early acupoints are tender points along the running courses of the muscle regions. Thus, it is concluded that meridians and their muscle regions have the same origin, which provides new train of thinking for a better comprehension of origin of meridians and collaterals.

Nursing competency and organizational climate as perceived by staff nurses in a Chinese university hospital.

PubMed

Ying, Liu; Kunaviktikul, Wipada; Tonmukayakal, Ouyporn

2007-09-01

Nursing competency is important to ensure patient safety and improve the quality of nursing care. Based on competency-based human resource management strategies, the organizational climate can positively influence nursing competency. However, a review of the literature indicated that there were no studies about the relationship between nursing competency and organizational climate in the People's Republic of China. This descriptive, correlational study examined the relationship between nursing competency and the organizational climate. The sample consisted of 243 staff nurses who completed the questionnaire worked at one university hospital in Liao Ning Province. The findings showed that there was a significantly moderate positive relationship between nursing competency and organizational climate. The study results suggested that Chinese nurse managers should maintain and provide a positive organizational climate to improve nursing competency.

[Mollusks community associated to Thalassia testudinum (Bank et Köning 1805), in Mochima Bay, Venezuela].

PubMed

Díaz, Oscar Díaz; Liñero-Arana, Ildefonso

2004-01-01

To study the community of mollusks associated to Thalassia testudinum, monthly samplings were made between January and December 2002 in four localities of the Bay of Mochima. A PVC corer, of 14.8 cm of diameter, was used for sampling; eight monthly replicates were taken in each locality. Each core was sifted in a sieve of 1mm of mesh opening, the mollusks were fixed in 8% formaldehide solution in sea water. 473 mollusks were analyzed and 40 species, belonging to 29 families, were identified. Mangle Quemao displayed the greater abundance, whereas Varadero the minor. Shannon-Weaver diversity average ranged between 2.02+/-0.43 bits.ind(-1) (Mangle Quemao) and 1.42+/-0.95 bits.ind(-1) (Toporo). ANOVA analysis showed significant differences in abundances of mollusks among localities.

New contributions to physics by Prof. C. N. Yang: 2009-2011

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Zhong-Qi

2016-01-01

In a seminal paper of 1967, Professor Chen Ning Yang found the full solution of the one-dimensional Fermi gas with a repulsive delta function interaction by using the Bethe ansatz and group theory. This work with a brilliant discovery of the Yang-Baxter equation has been inspiring new developments in mathematical physics, statistical physics, and many-body physics. Based on experimental developments in simulating many-body physics of one-dimensional systems of ultracold atoms, during a period from 2009 to 2011, Prof. Yang published seven papers on the exact properties of the ground state of bosonic and fermionic atoms with the repulsive delta function interaction and a confined potential to one dimension. Here I would like to share my experience in doing research work fortunately under the direct supervision of Prof. Yang in that period.

New Contributions to Physics by Prof. C. N. Yang: 2009-2011

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Zhong-Qi

In a seminal paper of 1967, Professor Chen Ning Yang found the full solution of the one-dimensional Fermi gas with a repulsive delta function interaction by using the Bethe ansatz and group theory. This work with a brilliant discovery of the Yang-Baxter equation has been inspiring new developments in mathematical physics, statistical physics, and many-body physics. Based on experimental developments in simulating many-body physics of one-dimensional systems of ultracold atoms, during a period from 2009 to 2011, Prof. Yang published seven papers on the exact properties of the ground state of bosonic and fermionic atoms with the repulsive delta function interaction and a confined potential to one dimension. Here I would like to share my experience in doing research work fortunately under the direct supervision of Prof. Yang in that period.

On-road emission factors of PM pollutants for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) based on urban street driving conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kam, Winnie; Liacos, James W.; Schauer, James J.; Delfino, Ralph J.; Sioutas, Constantinos

2012-12-01

An on-road sampling campaign was conducted on two major surface streets (Wilshire and Sunset Boulevards) in Los Angeles, CA, to characterize PM components including metals, trace elements, and organic species for three PM size fractions (PM10-2.5, PM2.5-0.25, and PM0.25). Fuel-based emission factors (mass of pollutant per kg of fuel) were calculated to assess the emissions profile of a light-duty vehicle (LDV) traffic fleet characterized by stop-and-go driving conditions that are reflective of urban street driving. Emission factors for metals and trace elements were highest in PM10-2.5 while emission factors for PAHs and hopanes and steranes were highest in PM0.25. PM2.5 emission factors were also compared to previous freeway, roadway tunnel, and dynamometer studies based on an LDV fleet to determine how various environments and driving conditions may influence concentrations of PM components. The on-road sampling methodology deployed in the current study captured substantially higher levels of metals and trace elements associated with vehicular abrasion (Fe, Ca, Cu, and Ba) and crustal origins (Mg and Al) than previous LDV studies. The semi-volatile nature of PAHs resulted in higher levels of PAHs in the particulate phase for LDV tunnel studies (Phuleria et al., 2006) and lower levels of PAHs in the particulate phase for freeway studies (Ning et al., 2008). With the exception of a few high molecular weight PAHs, the current study's emission factors were in between the LDV tunnel and LDV freeway studies. In contrast, hopane and sterane emission factors were generally comparable between the current study, the LDV tunnel, and LDV freeway, as expected given the greater atmospheric stability of these organic compounds. Overall, the emission factors from the dynamometer studies for metals, trace elements, and organic species are lower than the current study. Lastly, n-alkanes (C19-C40) were quantified and alkane carbon preference indices (CPIs) were determined to be in the range of 1-2, indicating substantial anthropogenic source contribution for surface streets in Los Angeles.

TRAF6 and the Three C-Terminal Lysine Sites on IRF7 Are Required for Its Ubiquitination-Mediated Activation by the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Family Member Latent Membrane Protein 1▿

PubMed Central

Ning, Shunbin; Campos, Alex D.; Darnay, Bryant G.; Bentz, Gretchen L.; Pagano, Joseph S.

2008-01-01

We have recently shown that interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is activated by Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, through receptor-interacting protein-dependent K63-linked ubiquitination (L. E. Huye, S. Ning, M. Kelliher, and J. S. Pagano, Mol. Cell. Biol. 27:2910-2918, 2007). In this study, with the use of small interfering RNA and TNFR-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) knockout cells, we first show that TRAF6 and its E3 ligase activity are required for LMP1-stimulated IRF7 ubiquitination. In Raji cells which are latently infected and express high levels of LMP1 and IRF7 endogenously, expression of a TRAF6 small hairpin RNA construct reduces endogenous ubiquitination and endogenous activity of IRF7. In TRAF6−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts, reconstitution with TRAF6 expression, but not with TRAF6(C70A), which lacks the E3 ligase activity, recovers LMP1's ability to stimulate K63-linked ubiquitination of IRF7. Further, we identify IRF7 as a substrate for TRAF6 E3 ligase and show that IRF7 is ubiquitinated by TRAF6 at multiple sites both in vitro and in vivo. Most important, we determine that the last three C-terminal lysine sites (positions 444, 446, and 452) of human IRF7 variant A are essential for activation of IRF7; these are the first such sites identified. A ubiquitination-deficient mutant of IRF7 with these sites mutated to arginines completely loses transactivational ability in response not only to LMP1 but also to the IRF7 kinase IκB kinase ɛ. In addition, we find that K63-linked ubiquitination of IRF7 occurs independently of its C-terminal functional phosphorylation sites. These data support our hypothesis that regulatory ubiquitination of IRF7 is a prerequisite for its phosphorylation. This is the first evidence to imply that ubiquitination is required for phosphorylation and activation of a transcription factor. PMID:18710948

Increased Transparency and Consumer Protections for 2016 Marketplace Plans.

PubMed

Brooks-LaSure, Chiquita

2015-12-01

The open enrollment period that ends in December 2015 for coverage begin­ning January 2016 marks the third year of the health care exchanges or marketplaces and of coverage through new qualified health plans. This issue brief investigates several key changes to the qualified health plans, with a focus on increased transparency and consumer protections. A new out-of-pocket costs calculator, requirements regarding provider networks, and prescription drug cost-sharing requirements should serve to better inform and improve consumer selection. In addition, several policy changes will help individuals with more severe health needs. These include: improved prescription drug coverage for HIV/ AIDS and other conditions, allowing prescription drugs that are obtained through the "exceptions" process to count toward the out-of-pocket spending cap, more comprehensive and consistent habilitative coverage, and an individual out-of-pocket spending cap within the family out-of-pocket maximum.

Fistules carotido-caverneuses post-traumatiques à propos d'un cas et revue de la littérature

PubMed Central

Oumellal, Jamal; Bekaert, Olivier; Gallas, Sophie; Leguerinel, Caroline; Palfi, Stéphane; Derkaoui, Fahd; Fatemi, Nizar El; Gana, Rachid; Elmaquili, Moulay Rachid; Elabbadi, Najia

2015-01-01

Les auteurs rapportent une observation clinique d'une fistule carotidocaverneuse survenue à la suite d'un traumatisme craniofaciale grave. Une exophtalmie unilatérale pulsatile et asymétrie des 2 sinus caverneux au scanner ont permis de suspecter le diagnostic. Une artériographie a permis de confirmer ce diagnostic, avec embolisation couronnée de succès chez ce malade, mais l’évolution est défavorable sur le plan neurologique avec apparition d'une HTIC réfractaire au traitement médical maximal. La fistule carotido-caverneuse est une complication rare mais grave pouvant engager le pronostic fonctionnel (cécité) et vital (hémorragie méningée et intracérébrale).L'artériographie et l'embolisation en un seul temps ont considérablement amélioré le pronostic. PMID:26587139

Unification and new particles at the LHC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arkani-Hamed, Nima; D’Agnolo, Raffaele Tito; Low, Matthew

Precision gauge coupling uni cation is one of the primary quantitative successes of low energy or split supersymmetry. Preserving this success puts severe restrictions on possible matter and gauge sectors that might appear at collider-accessible energies. In this study we enumerate new gauge sectors which are compatible with uni cation, consisting of horizontal gauge groups acting on vector-like matter charged under the Standard Model. Interestingly, almost all of these theories are in the supersymmetric conformal window at high energies and con ne quickly after the superpartners are decoupled. For a range of scalar masses compatible with both moderately tuned andmore » minimally split supersymmetry, the con ning dynamics happen at the multi-TeV scale, leading to a spectrum of multiple spin-0 and spin-1 resonances accessible to the LHC, with unusual quantum numbers and striking decay patterns.« less

Les infections à Pseudomonas aeruginosa au service des maladies infectieuses du CHU YO, Burkina Faso: à propos deux cas

PubMed Central

Mamoudou, Savadogo; Lassina, Dao; Fla, Koueta

2015-01-01

Nous rapportons deux cas d'infection à Pseudomonas aeruginosa: un cas de méningite et un cas d'infection urinaire. Les auteurs rappellent qu’à côté des étiologies classiques des méningites et des infections urinaires, des germes résistants comme Pseudomonas aeruginosa peuvent être responsables d'infections à localisation méningées et urinaires et dont il faut connaître pour une bonne prise en charge. Le traitement de ces infections requiert un antibiogramme au regard de la grande capacité de résistance de Pseudomonas aeruginosa en milieu hospitalier. La limitation des gestes invasifs et l'application rigoureuse des mesures de prévention des infections en milieu hospitalier contribueront à lutter efficacement contre ces infections en milieu de soins. PMID:26491521

Spectroscopie résolue en temps par continuum femtoseconde Applications en neurobiologie

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramstein, S.; Mottin, S.

2003-06-01

La spectroscopie résolue en temps utilisant un laser blanc femtoseconde est appliquée à la mesure in vivo des principaux absorbeurs du cerveau. Après génération adéquate du continuum de lumière blanche femtoseconde (50mW/[580-756nm] à 1Hz), cette source se propage dans la calvaria, les méninges et le cortex chez le rat anesthésié. La transmission est étudiée sur 7mm de distance entre l'impact laser et la fibre optique de collection. Le signal transmis est analysé dans la fenêtre 580-760nm, par un spectromètre couplé à une caméra à balayage de fente permettant la décorrélation de l'absorption et de la diffusion.

Climate Impacts on Tropospheric Ozone and Hydroxyl

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shindell, Drew T.; Bell, N.; Faluvegi, G.

2003-01-01

Climate change may influence tropospheric ozone and OH via several main pathways: (1) altering chemistry via temperature and humidity changes, (2) changing ozone and precursor sources via surface emissions, stratosphere-troposphere exchange, and light- ning, and (3) affecting trace gas sinks via the hydrological cycle and dry deposition. We report results from a set of coupled chemistry-climate model simulations designed to systematically study these effects. We compare the various effects with one another and with past and projected future changes in anthropogenic and natural emissions of ozone precursors. We find that white the overall impact of climate on ozone is probably small compared to emission changes, some significant seasonal and regional effects are apparent. The global effect on hydroxyl is quite large, however, similar in size to the effect of emission changes. Additionally, we show that many of the chemistry-climate links that are not yet adequately modeled are potentially important.

Unification and new particles at the LHC

DOE PAGES

Arkani-Hamed, Nima; D’Agnolo, Raffaele Tito; Low, Matthew; ...

2016-11-14

Precision gauge coupling uni cation is one of the primary quantitative successes of low energy or split supersymmetry. Preserving this success puts severe restrictions on possible matter and gauge sectors that might appear at collider-accessible energies. In this study we enumerate new gauge sectors which are compatible with uni cation, consisting of horizontal gauge groups acting on vector-like matter charged under the Standard Model. Interestingly, almost all of these theories are in the supersymmetric conformal window at high energies and con ne quickly after the superpartners are decoupled. For a range of scalar masses compatible with both moderately tuned andmore » minimally split supersymmetry, the con ning dynamics happen at the multi-TeV scale, leading to a spectrum of multiple spin-0 and spin-1 resonances accessible to the LHC, with unusual quantum numbers and striking decay patterns.« less

The Cosmic Habitat for Earth-Life and the Issue of Sustainable Development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piątek, Zdzisława

2017-12-01

The subjects under consideration here are the philosophical consequences arising as the cosmic dimension to ecology is taken into account. If the habitat for Earthlife is a part of the cosmic environment, then cosmology and astrophysics become a part of ecology. The human species is furthermore a participant in a vast process of cosmic evolution, with sustainable-development strategy thus defi ning the conditions for - and time needed to achieve - a technological civilisation allowing Earth-life to be evacuated to another part of the galaxy as and when the further existence of life on this planet becomes (or threatens to become) an impossibility. In the context of such a cosmic perspective, the value ascribable to our scientifi c and technological civilisation (and future versions thereof) changes, given that only this kind of civilisation offers a chance for Earth-life to persist in an extra-terrestrial environment.

Enhanced arbovirus surveillance with deep sequencing: Identification of novel rhabdoviruses and bunyaviruses in Australian mosquitoes.

PubMed

Coffey, Lark L; Page, Brady L; Greninger, Alexander L; Herring, Belinda L; Russell, Richard C; Doggett, Stephen L; Haniotis, John; Wang, Chunlin; Deng, Xutao; Delwart, Eric L

2014-01-05

Viral metagenomics characterizes known and identifies unknown viruses based on sequence similarities to any previously sequenced viral genomes. A metagenomics approach was used to identify virus sequences in Australian mosquitoes causing cytopathic effects in inoculated mammalian cell cultures. Sequence comparisons revealed strains of Liao Ning virus (Reovirus, Seadornavirus), previously detected only in China, livestock-infecting Stretch Lagoon virus (Reovirus, Orbivirus), two novel dimarhabdoviruses, named Beaumont and North Creek viruses, and two novel orthobunyaviruses, named Murrumbidgee and Salt Ash viruses. The novel virus proteomes diverged by ≥ 50% relative to their closest previously genetically characterized viral relatives. Deep sequencing also generated genomes of Warrego and Wallal viruses, orbiviruses linked to kangaroo blindness, whose genomes had not been fully characterized. This study highlights viral metagenomics in concert with traditional arbovirus surveillance to characterize known and new arboviruses in field-collected mosquitoes. Follow-up epidemiological studies are required to determine whether the novel viruses infect humans. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Relationship between leaf anatomical structure and heat resistance of 15 Rhododendron cultivars].

PubMed

Shen, Hui Fei; Zhao, Bing; Xu, Jing Jing

2016-12-01

In this study, 17 anatomical structure indexes of 15 Rhododendron cultivars were mea-sured by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Leaf anatomical structure indexes were screened via coefficient of variation, analysis of correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis, and comprehensive evaluation on heat resistance for each cultivar was conducted by the subordinate function. The results showed that the leaves of Rhododendron cultivars were typical bifacial leaf and the epidermal anticlinal walls showed slightly sinuate. The stomata only distributed in the lower epidermis and the shape was ruleless. The anatomical structure indexes all reached a significant level difference among 15 cultivars (P<0.01), except for lower epidermis thickness (P<0.05). Thickness of lamina corneum, stomatal density, stomatal width, the thickness palisade tissue and looseness of leaf spongy tissue were the main factors related to the hardness, while other indexes, such as stomatal length, stoma aperture, stomatal opening, length and thickness of upper epidermis, length and thickness of lower epidermis, thickness of spongy tissue, the ratio of the palisade tissue to spongy tissue, tightness of leaf palisade tissue, leaf thickness and media thickness didn't show much effect on heat resistance. There were some differences among 15 cultivars in heat resistance, and the order was Rhododendron 'Song Jiang Da Tao Hong' > Rhododendron 'Zhuang Yuan Hong' > Rhododendron 'Lv Se Guang Hui' > Rhododendron 'Fen Zhen Zhu' > Rhododendron 'Wai Guo Hong' > Rhododendron 'Lan Yin' > Rhododendron 'Bi Zhi' >Rhododendron 'Da He Zhi Chun' > Rhododendron 'Guo Qi Hong' > Rhododendron 'Yu Ling Long' > Rhododendron 'Hong Shan Hu' > Rhododendron 'Ning Bo Hong' > Rhododendron 'Tao Ban Zhu Sha' > Rhododendron 'Ai Ding Bao' > Rhododendron 'Liu Qiu Hong'. According to the heat hardiness, the cultivars could be divided into 4 groups: R. 'Song Jiang Da Tao Hong', R. 'Zhuang Yuan Hong' and R. 'Lv Se Guang Hui' with high heat resistance, R. 'Fen Zhen Zhu', R. 'Wai Guo Hong', R. 'Lan Yin', R. 'Bi Zhi', R. 'Da He Zhi Chun', R. 'Guo Qi Hong' and R. 'Yu Ling Long' with medium heat resistance, R. 'Hong Shan Hu', R. 'Ning Bo Hong', R. 'Tao Ban Zhu Sha' and R. 'Ai Ding Bao' with lower heat resistance, R. 'Liu Qiu Hong' without heat resistance. However, the accurate heat hardiness evaluation of Rhododendron still needs to consider other factors, including morphological structure, physiological and biochemical indicators and genetic factor of heat resistance, the harmfulness of Rhododendron, and the recovery state after being injured by high temperature.

PRECISION TIME-DELAY GENERATOR

DOEpatents

Carr, B.J.; Peckham, V.D.

1959-06-16

A precision time-delay generator circuit with low jitter is described. The first thyratron has a series resonant circuit and a diode which is connected to the second thyratron. The first thyratron is triggered at the begin-ning of a time delay and a capacitor is discharged through the first thyratron and the diode, thereby, triggering the second thyratron. (T.R.H.) l6l9O The instrument described can measure pressures between sea level and 300,000 ft. The pressure- sensing transducer of the instrument is a small cylindrical tube with a thin foil of titanium-tritium fastened around the inside of the tube. Output is a digital signal which can be used for storage or telemetering more conveniently than an analog signal. (W.D.M.) l6l9l An experimental study was made on rolling contacts in the temperature range of 550 to 1000 deg F. Variables such as material composition, hardness, and operating conditions were investigated in a rolling test stand. Ball bearing tests were run to determine the effect of design parameters, bearing materials, lubricants, and operating conditions. (auth)

Anticholinesterase activity of potential therapeutic 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) carbamates. (Reannouncement with new availability information)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lieske, C.N.; Gepp, R.T.; Clark, J.H.

1991-12-31

Six N-alkyl and N-aryl 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) carbamates were synthesized and studied for their structure-activity relationships in inhibiting eel acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The carbamates were 5-(1,3,3,trimethylindolinyl) N,N-dimethylcarbamate (Cui Xing Ning) (I), 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) N-methylcarbamate (II), 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) N-ethylcarbamate (III), 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) N,Ndiethylcarbamate (IV), 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) N-heptylcarbamate (V), and 5-(1,3,3-trimethylindolinyl) N-(3-cholorophenyl)carbamate (VI). The inhibition studies were carried out at 25.0 deg C at pH 7.60. The rank order of the ki values for eel AChE inhibition is 11 > V > I > Ill > Vi > IV. Compound 11 has a greater affinity for the enzyme than any irreversible inhibitor cited in the literature (Kd = 7.14more » x 10(-8)M). Our findings should aid in the application of these carbamates (1) for counteracting the cholinergic problems associated with various diseases,and (2) for developing potential pretreatment compounds for organophosphate poisoning. Acetylcholinesterase, carbamates, inhibition« less

Test research of Surface Electromagnetic Prospecting (SEP) System in Yang-jia-zhang-zi of Liao Ning province

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Di, Q.

2013-12-01

In recent years, deep prospecting method such as magnetotelluric and controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric develop rapidly, but the instruments almost monopolized by several big geophysical companies from the United States, Canada and Germany. From prospecting practice, foreign equipment adaptation on complicated geological conditions in China is unsatisfactory. As increasing of national strength, electromagnetic exploration system development independently is on the agenda. In the year of 2010, the institute of geology and geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, took on one subject of the SinoProbe project, the research of surface Electromagnetic Prospecting (SEP) System, and has achieved some achievements. SEP is an independent research instrumentation system, which is available for MT, AMT and CSAMT soundings. After laboratory testing, in order to test SEP's performance in field, the yang-jia-zhang-zi molybdenum deposit area is selected for SEP experiment. All modules and components of SEP system have been tested, and the field ability of the whole system also has been tested. The experimental results show that SEP performance has reached the level of commercial instruments.

Sports cardiology: lessons from the past and perspectives for the future.

PubMed

Leischik, Roman

2015-01-01

The possibility of myocardial damage as a result of endurance sport has been known about since ancient times. According to a leg-end, a soldier named Pheidippides (more likely Philippides) dropped dead after run-ning from war-torn Marathon to Athens with the news of victory. Millennia later, we do not know whether he was a soldier or a courier, or whether he really ran the entire 240 km from Athens to Sparta and then back from Marathon to Athens. What is clear however, is that his death went down in history as the first documented exercise-related death and provides a tangible starting-point for the discipline of sport cardiology. Sports cardiology today covers a broad range of areas; from patients with cardiomyopathies, coronary disease and metabolic syndrome through to fitness fans, high-performance athletes and those with physically demanding professions. The following editorial introduces the primary topics for discussion to be included in the F1000Research channel Sports cardiology with the hope that this will evoke open, controversial and broad discourse in the form of reviews and original research papers in this important field.

Influence of nuclear basic data on the calculation of production cross sections of superheavy nuclei

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bao, X. J.; Gao, Y.; Li, J. Q.; Zhang, H. F.

2015-07-01

The center of the predicted island of stability of superheavy nuclei (SHN) has not yet been observed experimentally. Many theories are being developed to understand the synthesizing mechanism of superheavy nuclei. However, all of them have to use some basic nuclear data. Three data tables, FRDM1995 [P. Möller et al., At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 59, 185 (1995), 10.1006/adnd.1995.1002], KTUY2005 [H. Koura et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. 113, 305 (2005), 10.1143/PTP.113.305], and WS2010 [Ning Wang et al., Phys. Rev. C 82, 044304 (2010), 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.044304], are used to investigate the SHN production. Based on the dinuclear system concept, the evaporation residue cross sections of SHN for Z =112-118 are calculated for the 48Ca -induced hot fusion reactions. It turns out that unlike the predictions made with the KTUY2005 and WS2010 data, the magic numbers Z =114 and N =184 predicted with the FRDM1995 data do not contradict the experimental data obtained so far.

Social networking in nursing education: integrative literature review.

PubMed

Kakushi, Luciana Emi; Évora, Yolanda Dora Martinez

2016-01-01

to identify the use of social networking in nursing education. integrative literature review in the databases: LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, CAPES Periodicals Portal and Web of Science, using the descriptors: social networking and nursing education and the keywords: social networking sites and nursing education, carried out in April 2015. of the 489 articles found, only 14 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most studies were published after 2013 (57%), originating from the United States and United Kingdom (77.8%). It was observed the use of social networking among nursing students, postgraduate students, mentors and nurses, in undergraduate programmes, hybrid education (blended-learning) and in interprofessional education. The social networking sites used in the teaching and learning process were Facebook (42.8%), Ning (28.5%), Twitter (21.4%) and MySpace (7.1%), by means of audios, videos, quizzes, animations, forums, guidance, support, discussions and research group. few experiences of the use of social networking in nursing education were found and their contributions show the numerous benefits and difficulties faced, providing resourses for the improvement and revaluation of their use in the teaching and learning process.

Traditional Chinese and Indian medicine in the treatment of opioid-dependence: a review.

PubMed

Doosti, Fatemeh; Dashti, Saeedeh; Tabatabai, Seyed Meghdad; Hosseinzadeh, Hossein

2013-01-01

In this study, the current literatures on the use of herbs and herbal preparations of Traditional Chinese and Indian Medicine for the treatment of opioid addiction were reviewed. Matherials and Methods: Search was done in databases such as Pub Med, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Among 18 retrieved studies, 3 studies were about asafetida extract, an approved preparation for ameliorating drug abstinence in China. Chinese preparations including Composite Dong Yuan Gao, Qingjunyin and TJ-97 (a water extract of dai-bofu-to) as well as Indian ones, Mentate and Shilajit, were reported to have positive effects against opioid withdrawal, dependence, and tolerance. Moreover, Levo-tetrahydropalmatine and L-Stepholidine, in addition to extracts of Caulis Sinomenii and Sinomenium acutum showed similar effects. Banxia Houpu Decoction, Fu-Yuan pellet, Jinniu capsules, Qingjunyin, Tai-Kang-Ning capsule, and Xuan Xia Qudu Jiaonang (WeiniCom) from Chinese preparations, showed anti-addiction effects in randomized, double-blind and, in some studies, multicenter clinical trials. Conclusion : Traditional herbal preparations of China and India have anti-addiction effects with less adverse effects than alpha2-adrenergic or opioid agonists.

Rayleigh-wave phase-velocity maps and three-dimensional shear velocity structure of the western US from local non-plane surface wave tomography

USGS Publications Warehouse

Pollitz, F.F.; Snoke, J. Arthur

2010-01-01

We utilize two-and-three-quarter years of vertical-component recordings made by the Transportable Array (TA) component of Earthscope to constrain three-dimensional (3-D) seismic shear wave velocity structure in the upper 200 km of the western United States. Single-taper spectral estimation is used to compile measurements of complex spectral amplitudes from 44 317 seismograms generated by 123 teleseismic events. In the first step employed to determine the Rayleigh-wave phase-velocity structure, we implement a new tomographic method, which is simpler and more robust than scattering-based methods (e.g. multi-plane surface wave tomography). The TA is effectively implemented as a large number of local arrays by defining a horizontal Gaussian smoothing distance that weights observations near a given target point. The complex spectral-amplitude measurements are interpreted with the spherical Helmholtz equation using local observations about a succession of target points, resulting in Rayleigh-wave phase-velocity maps at periods over the range of 18–125 s. The derived maps depend on the form of local fits to the Helmholtz equation, which generally involve the nonplane-wave solutions of Friederich et al. In a second step, the phase-velocity maps are used to derive 3-D shear velocity structure. The 3-D velocity images confirm details witnessed in prior body-wave and surface-wave studies and reveal new structures, including a deep (>100 km deep) high-velocity lineament, of width ∼200 km, stretching from the southern Great Valley to northern Utah that may be a relic of plate subduction or, alternatively, either a remnant of the Mojave Precambrian Province or a mantle downwelling. Mantle seismic velocity is highly correlated with heat flow, Holocene volcanism, elastic plate thickness and seismicity. This suggests that shallow mantle structure provides the heat source for associated magmatism, as well as thinning of the thermal lithosphere, leading to relatively high stress concentration. Our images also confirm the presence of high-velocity mantle at 100 km depth beneath areas of suspected mantle delamination (southern Sierra Nevada; Grande Ronde uplift), low velocity mantle underlying active rift zones, and high velocity mantle associated with the subducting Juan de Fuca plate. Structure established during the Proterozoic appears to exert a lasting influence on subsequent volcanism and tectonism up to the Present.

Development and application of a generic CFD toolkit covering the heat flows in combined solid-liquid systems with emphasis on the thermal design of HiLumi superconducting magnets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bozza, Gennaro; Malecha, Ziemowit M.; Van Weelderen, Rob

2016-12-01

The main objective of this work is to develop a robust multi-region numerical toolkit for the modeling of heat flows in combined solid-liquid systems. Specifically heat transfer in complex cryogenic system geometries involving super-fluid helium. The incentive originates from the need to support the design of superconductive magnets in the framework of the HiLumi-LHC project (Brüning and Rossi, 2015) [1]. The intent is, instead of solving heat flows in restricted domains, to be able to model a full magnet section in one go including all relevant construction details as accurately as possible. The toolkit was applied to the so-called MQXF quadrupole magnet design. Parametrisation studies were used to find a compromise in thermal design and electro-mechanical construction constraints. The cooling performance is evaluated in terms of temperature margin of the magnets under full steady state heat load conditions and in terms of maximal sustainable load. We also present transient response to pulse heat loads of varying duration and power and the system response to time-varying cold source temperatures.

Anomaly formulas for the complex-valued analytic torsion on compact bordisms

PubMed Central

Maldonado Molina, Osmar

2013-01-01

We extend the complex-valued analytic torsion, introduced by Burghelea and Haller on closed manifolds, to compact Riemannian bordisms. We do so by considering a flat complex vector bundle over a compact Riemannian manifold, endowed with a fiberwise nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form. The Riemmanian metric and the bilinear form are used to define non-selfadjoint Laplacians acting on vector-valued smooth forms under absolute and relative boundary conditions. In order to define the complex-valued analytic torsion in this situation, we study spectral properties of these generalized Laplacians. Then, as main results, we obtain so-called anomaly formulas for this torsion. Our reasoning takes into account that the coefficients in the heat trace asymptotic expansion associated to the boundary value problem under consideration, are locally computable. The anomaly formulas for the complex-valued Ray–Singer torsion are derived first by using the corresponding ones for the Ray–Singer metric, obtained by Brüning and Ma on manifolds with boundary, and then an argument of analytic continuation. In odd dimensions, our anomaly formulas are in accord with the corresponding results of Su, without requiring the variations of the Riemannian metric and bilinear structures to be supported in the interior of the manifold. PMID:27087744

[Evidence of facial palsy and facial malformations in pottery from Peruvian Moche and Lambayeque pre-Columbian cultures].

PubMed

Carod-Artal, F J; Vázquez Cabrera, C B

2006-01-01

Moche (100-700 AD) and Lambayeque-Sicán (750-1100 AD) are pre-Columbian cultures from Regional States Period, developed in Northern Peru. Information about daily life, religion and medicine has been obtained through the study of Moche ceramics found in lords and priests tombs, pyramids and temples. To analyze archeological evidences of Moche Medicine and neurological diseases through ceramics. Representations of diseases in Moche and Lambayeque iconography and Moche pottery collections exposed in Casinelli museum from Trujillo, and Brüning National Archeological museum from Lambayeque, Peru, were studied. The most representative cases were analyzed and photographed, previous authorization from authorities and curators of the museums. The following pathologies were observed in ceramic collections: peripheral facial palsy, facial malformations such as cleft lip, hemifacial spasm, legs and arm amputations, scoliosis and Siamese patients. Male and females Moche doctors were also observed in the ceramics in ritual ceremonies treating patients. The main pathologies observed in Moche and Lambayeque pottery are facial palsy and cleft lip. These are one of the earliest registries of these pathologies in pre-Columbian cultures in South-America.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kirby, Carolyn L; Lord, Anna C. Snider

The Bryan Mound caprock was subjected to extens ive sulphur mining prior to the development of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Undoubtedl y, the mining has modified the caprock integrity. Cavern wells at Bryan Mound have been subject to a host of well integr ity concerns with many likely compromised by the cavernous capro ck, surrounding corrosive environment (H 2 SO 4 ), and associated elevated residual temperatures al l of which are a product of the mining activities. The intent of this study was to understand the sulphur mining process and how the mining has affected the stability of themore » caprock and how the compromised caprock has influenced the integrity of the cavern wells. After an extensiv e search to collect pert inent information through state agencies, literature sear ches, and the Sandia SPR librar y, a better understanding of the caprock can be inferred from the knowledge gaine d. Specifically, the discovery of the original ore reserve map goes a long way towards modeling caprock stability. In addition the gained knowledge of sulphur mining - subs idence, superheated corrosive wa ters, and caprock collapse - helps to better predict the post mi ning effects on wellbore integrity. This page intentionally left blank« less

[High fidelity simulation : a new tool for learning and research in pediatrics].

PubMed

Bragard, I; Farhat, N; Seghaye, M-C; Schumacher, K

2016-10-01

Caring for a sick child represents a high risk activity that requires technical and non-technical skills related to several factors such as the rarity of certain events or the stress of caring for a child. As regard these conditions, medi¬cal simulation provides a learning environment without risk, the control of variables, the reproducibility of situations, and the confrontation with rare events. In this article, we des¬cribe the steps of a simulation session and outline the current knowledge of the use of simulation in paediatrics. A session of simulation includes seven phases following the model of Peter Dieckmann, particularly the scenario and the debriefing that form the heart of the learning experience. Several studies have shown the advantages of simulation for paediatric trai¬ning in terms of changes in attitudes, skills and knowledge. Some studies have demonstrated a beneficial transfer to prac¬tice. In conclusion, simulation provides great potential for training and research in paediatrics. The establishment of a collaborative research program by the whole simulation com¬munity would help ensure that this type of training improves the quality of care.

Social networking in nursing education: integrative literature review

PubMed Central

Kakushi, Luciana Emi; Évora, Yolanda Dora Martinez

2016-01-01

Abstract Objective: to identify the use of social networking in nursing education. Method: integrative literature review in the databases: LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, CAPES Periodicals Portal and Web of Science, using the descriptors: social networking and nursing education and the keywords: social networking sites and nursing education, carried out in April 2015. Results: of the 489 articles found, only 14 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most studies were published after 2013 (57%), originating from the United States and United Kingdom (77.8%). It was observed the use of social networking among nursing students, postgraduate students, mentors and nurses, in undergraduate programmes, hybrid education (blended-learning) and in interprofessional education. The social networking sites used in the teaching and learning process were Facebook (42.8%), Ning (28.5%), Twitter (21.4%) and MySpace (7.1%), by means of audios, videos, quizzes, animations, forums, guidance, support, discussions and research group. Conclusion: few experiences of the use of social networking in nursing education were found and their contributions show the numerous benefits and difficulties faced, providing resourses for the improvement and revaluation of their use in the teaching and learning process. PMID:27384465

Traditional Chinese and Indian medicine in the treatment of opioid-dependence: a review

PubMed Central

Doosti, Fatemeh; Dashti, Saeedeh; Tabatabai, Seyed Meghdad; Hosseinzadeh, Hossein

2013-01-01

Objective: In this study, the current literatures on the use of herbs and herbal preparations of Traditional Chinese and Indian Medicine for the treatment of opioid addiction were reviewed. Matherials and Methods: Search was done in databases such as Pub Med, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Results: Among 18 retrieved studies, 3 studies were about asafetida extract, an approved preparation for ameliorating drug abstinence in China. Chinese preparations including Composite Dong Yuan Gao, Qingjunyin and TJ-97 (a water extract of dai-bofu-to) as well as Indian ones, Mentate and Shilajit, were reported to have positive effects against opioid withdrawal, dependence, and tolerance. Moreover, Levo-tetrahydropalmatine and L-Stepholidine, in addition to extracts of Caulis Sinomenii and Sinomenium acutum showed similar effects. Banxia Houpu Decoction, Fu-Yuan pellet, Jinniu capsules, Qingjunyin, Tai-Kang-Ning capsule, and Xuan Xia Qudu Jiaonang (WeiniCom) from Chinese preparations, showed anti-addiction effects in randomized, double-blind and, in some studies, multicenter clinical trials. Conclusion : Traditional herbal preparations of China and India have anti-addiction effects with less adverse effects than alpha2-adrenergic or opioid agonists. PMID:25050276

Evolution of a Subduction Zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Noack, Lena; Van Hoolst, Tim; Dehant, Veronique

2014-05-01

The purpose of this study is to understand how Earth's surface might have evolved with time and to examine in a more general way the initiation and continuance of subduction zones and the possible formation of continents on an Earth-like planet. Plate tectonics and continents seem to influence the likelihood of a planet to harbour life, and both are strongly influenced by the planetary interior (e.g. mantle temperature and rheology) and surface conditions (e.g. stabilizing effect of continents, atmospheric temperature), but may also depend on the biosphere. Employing the Fortran convection code CHIC (developed at the Royal Observatory of Belgium), we simulate a subduction zone with a pre-defined weak zone (between oceanic and continental crust) and a fixed plate velocity for the subducting oceanic plate (Quinquis et al. in preparation). In our study we first investigate the main factors that influence the subduction process. We simulate the subduction of an oceanic plate beneath a continental plate (Noack et al., 2013). The crust is separated into an upper crust and a lower crust. We apply mixed Newtonian/non-Newtonian rheology and vary the parameters that are most likely to influence the subduction of the ocanic plate, as for example density of the crust/mantle, surface temperature, plate velocity and subduction angle. The second part of our study concentrates on the long-term evolution of a subduction zone. Even though we model only the upper mantle (until a depth of 670km), the subducted crust is allowed to flow into the lower mantle, where it is no longer subject to our investigation. This way we can model the subduction zone over long time spans, for which we assume a continuous inflow of the oceanic plate into the investigated domain. We include variations in mantle temperatures (via secular cooling and decay of radioactive heat sources) and dehydration of silicates (leading to stiffening of the material). We investigate how the mantle environment influences the subduction of the oceanic crust in terms of subduction velocity and subduction angle over time. We develop scaling laws combining the subduction velocity and angle depending on the mantle environment (and thus time). These laws can then be applied to continental growth simulations with 1D parameterized models (Höning et al., in press) or 2D/3D subduction zone simulations at specific geological times (using the correct subduction zone setting). References: Quinquis, M. et al. (in preparation). A comparison of thermo-mechanical subduction models. In preparation for G3. Noack, L., Van Hoolst, T., Dehant, V., and Breuer, D. (2013). Relevance of continents for habitability and self-consistent formation of continents on early Earth. XIII International Workshop on Modelling of Mantle and Lithosphere Dynamics, Hønefoss, Norway, 31. Aug. - 5. Sept. 2013. Höning, D., Hansen-Goos, H., Airo, A., and Spohn, T. (in press). Biotic vs. abiotic Earth: A model for mantle hydration and continental coverage. Planetary and Space Science.

Meta-analysis of cancer gene expression signatures reveals new cancer genes, SAGE tags and tumor associated regions of co-regulation

PubMed Central

Kavak, Erşen; Ünlü, Mustafa; Nistér, Monica; Koman, Ahmet

2010-01-01

Cancer is among the major causes of human death and its mechanism(s) are not fully understood. We applied a novel meta-analysis approach to multiple sets of merged serial analysis of gene expression and microarray cancer data in order to analyze transcriptome alterations in human cancer. Our methodology, which we denote ‘COgnate Gene Expression patterNing in tumours’ (COGENT), unmasked numerous genes that were differentially expressed in multiple cancers. COGENT detected well-known tumor-associated (TA) genes such as TP53, EGFR and VEGF, as well as many multi-cancer, but not-yet-tumor-associated genes. In addition, we identified 81 co-regulated regions on the human genome (RIDGEs) by using expression data from all cancers. Some RIDGEs (28%) consist of paralog genes while another subset (30%) are specifically dysregulated in tumors but not in normal tissues. Furthermore, a significant number of RIDGEs are associated with GC-rich regions on the genome. All assembled data is freely available online (www.oncoreveal.org) as a tool implementing COGENT analysis of multi-cancer genes and RIDGEs. These findings engender a deeper understanding of cancer biology by demonstrating the existence of a pool of under-studied multi-cancer genes and by highlighting the cancer-specificity of some TA-RIDGEs. PMID:20621981

Expanding NASA Science Cooperation with New Partners

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, Marc; Bress, Kent

Expanding NASA Science Cooperation with New Partners When NASA was created in 1958, it was given a goal of "cooperation by the United States with other nations and groups of nations in work done pursuant to this Act and in the peaceful application of the results." As science has become increasingly globalized during the past 50 years, NASA and its many partners in space and Earth science research have benefited enormously from pooling ideas, skills, and resources for joint undertakings. The discoveries made have powerfully advanced public awareness of science and its importance all over the world. Today, the U.S. Administra-tion is encouraging NASA to expand its cooperation with new and emerging partners. NASA space and Earth science cooperation is founded on scientist-to-scientist research collaboration. Space missions are very costly and technically challenging, but there are many other important areas for international cooperation. Areas ripe for expansion with new partners include space data sharing, scientist-to-scientist collaborative research, international research program plan-ning and coordination, Earth applications for societal benefit, ground-based measurements for Earth system science, and education and public outreach. This presentation lays out NASA's general principles for international science cooperation, briefly describes each of these opportu-nity areas, and suggests avenues for initiating new cooperative relationships.

Reducing HIV infection among new injecting drug users in the China-Vietnam Cross Border Project.

PubMed

Des Jarlais, Don C; Kling, Ryan; Hammett, Theodore M; Ngu, Doan; Liu, Wei; Chen, Yi; Binh, Kieu Thanh; Friedmann, Patricia

2007-12-01

To assess an HIV prevention programme for injecting drug users (IDU) in the crossborder area between China and Vietnam. Serial cross-sectional surveys (0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months) of community-recruited current IDU. The project included peer educator outreach and the large-scale distribution of sterile injection equipment. Serial cross-sectional surveys with HIV testing of community recruited IDU were conducted at baseline (before implementation) and 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months post-baseline. HIV prevalence and estimated HIV incidence among new injectors (individuals injecting drugs for < 3 years) in each survey wave were the primary outcome measures. The percentages of new injectors among all subjects declined across each survey waves in both Ning Ming and Lang Son. HIV prevalence and estimated incidence fell by approximately half at the 24-month survey and by approximately three quarters at the 36-month survey in both areas (all P < 0.01). The implementation of large-scale outreach and syringe access programmes was followed by substantial reductions in HIV infection among new injectors, with no evidence of any increase in individuals beginning to inject drugs. This project may serve as a model for large-scale HIV prevention programming for IDU in China, Vietnam, and other developing/transitional countries.

LabData database sub-systems for post-processing and quality control of stable isotope and gas chromatography measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suckow, A. O.

2013-12-01

Measurements need post-processing to obtain results that are comparable between laboratories. Raw data may need to be corrected for blank, memory, drift (change of reference values with time), linearity (dependence of reference on signal height) and normalized to international reference materials. Post-processing parameters need to be stored for traceability of results. State of the art stable isotope correction schemes are available based on MS Excel (Geldern and Barth, 2012; Gröning, 2011) or MS Access (Coplen, 1998). These are specialized to stable isotope measurements only, often only to the post-processing of a special run. Embedding of algorithms into a multipurpose database system was missing. This is necessary to combine results of different tracers (3H, 3He, 2H, 18O, CFCs, SF6...) or geochronological tools (Sediment dating e.g. with 210Pb, 137Cs), to relate to attribute data (submitter, batch, project, geographical origin, depth in core, well information etc.) and for further interpretation tools (e.g. lumped parameter modelling). Database sub-systems to the LabData laboratory management system (Suckow and Dumke, 2001) are presented for stable isotopes and for gas chromatographic CFC and SF6 measurements. The sub-system for stable isotopes allows the following post-processing: 1. automated import from measurement software (Isodat, Picarro, LGR), 2. correction for sample-to sample memory, linearity, drift, and renormalization of the raw data. The sub-system for gas chromatography covers: 1. storage of all raw data 2. storage of peak integration parameters 3. correction for blank, efficiency and linearity The user interface allows interactive and graphical control of the post-processing and all corrections by export to and plot in MS Excel and is a valuable tool for quality control. The sub-databases are integrated into LabData, a multi-user client server architecture using MS SQL server as back-end and an MS Access front-end and installed in four laboratories to date. Attribute data storage (unique ID for each subsample, origin, project context etc.) and laboratory management features are included. Export routines to Excel (depth profiles, time series, all possible tracer-versus tracer plots...) and modelling capabilities are add-ons. The source code is public domain and available under the GNU general public licence agreement (GNU-GPL). References Coplen, T.B., 1998. A manual for a laboratory information management system (LIMS) for light stable isotopes. Version 7.0. USGS open file report 98-284. Geldern, R.v., Barth, J.A.C., 2012. Optimization of instrument setup and post-run corrections for oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope measurements of water by isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy (IRIS). Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 10, 1024-1036. Gröning, M., 2011. Improved water δ2H and δ18O calibration and calculation of measurement uncertainty using a simple software tool. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 25, 2711-2720. Suckow, A., Dumke, I., 2001. A database system for geochemical, isotope hydrological and geochronological laboratories. Radiocarbon 43, 325-337.

Rough spacecraft surfaces -a threat to Planetary Protection issues

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Probst, Alexander; Facius, Rainer; Wirth, Reinhard; Moissl-Eichinger, Christine

Inadvertent introduction of terrestrial microorganisms to foreign solar bodies could compromise the integrity of present and future life detection missions. For Planetary Protection purposes space agencies measure the aerobic, mesophilic spore load of a spacecraft as a proxy indicator in order to determine its bioload. Emerging novel hardware in space science implicates novel surface structures and materials that need to be controlled with regard to contaminations. For instance (roughened) carbon fiber reinforced plastic and Vectran fabric for construction of landing platforms and airbags, respectively, have been used in some Mars exploration missions. These materials have different levels of roughness and their potential risk to retain spores for insufficient sampling success has never been in scope of investigation. In this comprehensive study we evaluated ESA's novel nylon flocked swab protocol on stainless steel and other tech-nical surfaces with regard to Bacillus spore recovery. Low recovery efficiencies of the ESA standard wipe assay for large surface sampling were demonstrated with regard to Bacillus at-rophaeus spore detection. Therefore another protocol designed for rough surface sampling was evaluated on Vectran fabric and (roughened) carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Moreover, scan-ning electron micrographs of the technical surfaces studied allowed a more detailed view on their properties. The evaluated sampling protocols and the corresponding results are of high interest for future life detection missions in order to preserve their scientific integrity throughout spacecraft assembly.

Westinghouse Cementation Facility of Solid Waste Treatment System - 13503

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jacobs, Torsten; Aign, Joerg

2013-07-01

During NPP operation, several waste streams are generated, caused by different technical and physical processes. Besides others, liquid waste represents one of the major types of waste. Depending on national regulation for storage and disposal of radioactive waste, solidification can be one specific requirement. To accommodate the global request for waste treatment systems Westinghouse developed several specific treatment processes for the different types of waste. In the period of 2006 to 2008 Westinghouse awarded several contracts for the design and delivery of waste treatment systems related to the latest CPR-1000 nuclear power plants. One of these contracts contains the deliverymore » of four Cementation Facilities for waste treatment, s.c. 'Follow on Cementations' dedicated to three locations, HongYanHe, NingDe and YangJiang, of new CPR-1000 nuclear power stations in the People's Republic of China. Previously, Westinghouse delivered a similar cementation facility to the CPR-1000 plant LingAo II, in Daya Bay, PR China. This plant already passed the hot functioning tests successfully in June 2012 and is now ready and released for regular operation. The 'Follow on plants' are designed to package three 'typical' kind of radioactive waste: evaporator concentrates, spent resins and filter cartridges. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview on the Westinghouse experience to design and execution of cementation facilities. (authors)« less

Optical system for tablet variety discrimination using visible/near-infrared spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shao, Yongni; He, Yong; Hu, Xingyue

2007-12-01

An optical system based on visible/near-infrared spectroscopy (Vis/NIRS) for variety discrimination of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) tablets was developed. This system consisted of a light source, beam splitter system, sample chamber, optical detector (diffuse reflection detector), and data collection. The tablet varieties used in the research include Da na kang, Xin bang, Tian bao ning, Yi kang, Hua na xing, Dou le, Lv yuan, Hai wang, and Ji yao. All samples (n=270) were scanned in the Vis/NIR region between 325 and 1075 nm using a spectrograph. The chemometrics method of principal component artificial neural network (PC-ANN) was used to establish discrimination models of them. In PC-ANN models, the scores of the principal components were chosen as the input nodes for the input layer of ANN, and the best discrimination rate of 91.1% was reached. Principal component analysis was also executed to select several optimal wavelengths based on loading values. Wavelengths at 481, 458, 466, 570, 1000, 662, and 400 nm were then used as the input data of stepwise multiple linear regression, the regression equation of ginkgo tablets was obtained, and the discrimination rate was researched 84.4%. The results indicated that this optical system could be applied to discriminating ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) tablets, and it supplied a new method for fast ginkgo tablet variety discrimination.

Numerical analysis of electrically tunable aspherical optofluidic lenses.

PubMed

In this work, we use the numerical simulation platform Zemax to investigate the optical properties of electrically tunable aspherical liquid lenses, as we recently reported in an experimental study [ K. Mishra C. Murade B. Carreel I. Roghair J. M. Oh G. Manukyan D. van den Ende F. Mugele , "Optofluidic lens with tunable focal length and asphericity," Sci. Rep.4, 6378 (2014)]. Based on the measured lens profiles in the presence of an inhomogeneous electric field and the geometry of the optical device, we calculate the optical aberrations, focusing in particular on the Z11 Zernike coefficient of spherical aberration obtained at zero defocus (Z4). Focal length and spherical aberrations are calculated for a wide range of control parameters (fluid pressure and electric field), parallel with the experimental results. Similarly, the modulation transfer function (MTF), image spot diagrams, Strehl's ratio, and peak-to-valley (P-V) and root mean square (RMS) wavefront errors are calculated to quantify the performance of our aspherical liquid lenses. We demonstrate that the device concept allows compensation for a wide range of spherical aberrations encountered in optical systems.; Mishra, Kartikeya; Mugele, Frieder

2016-06-27

In this work, we use the numerical simulation platform Zemax to investigate the optical properties of electrically tunable aspherical liquid lenses, as we recently reported in an experimental study [ K. Mishra C. Murade B. Carreel I. Roghair J. M. Oh G. Manukyan D. van den Ende F. Mugele , "Optofluidic lens with tunable focal length and asphericity," Sci. Rep.4, 6378 (2014)]. Based on the measured lens profiles in the presence of an inhomogeneous electric field and the geometry of the optical device, we calculate the optical aberrations, focusing in particular on the Z11 Zernike coefficient of spherical aberration obtained at zero defocus (Z4). Focal length and spherical aberrations are calculated for a wide range of control parameters (fluid pressure and electric field), parallel with the experimental results. Similarly, the modulation transfer function (MTF), image spot diagrams, Strehl's ratio, and peak-to-valley (P-V) and root mean square (RMS) wavefront errors are calculated to quantify the performance of our aspherical liquid lenses. We demonstrate that the device concept allows compensation for a wide range of spherical aberrations encountered in optical systems.

Numerical Simulation of Floating Bodies in Extreme Free Surface Waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Zheng Zheng; Causon, Derek; Mingham, Clive; Qiang, Ling

2010-05-01

A task of the EPSRC funded research project 'Extreme Wave loading on Offshore Wave Energy Devices: a Hierarchical Team Approach' is to investigate the survivability of two wave energy converter (WEC) devices Pelamis and the Manchester Bobber using different CFD approaches. Both devices float on the water surface, generating the electricity from the motion of the waves. In this paper, we describe developments of the AMAZON-SC 3D numerical wave tank (NWT) to study extreme wave loading of a fixed or floating (in Heave motion) structure. The extreme wave formulation as an inlet condition is due to Dalzell (1999) and Ning et. al. (2009) in which a first or second-order Stokes focused wave can be prescribed. The AMAZON-SC 3D code (see e.g. Hu et al. (2009)) uses a cell centred finite volume method of the Godunov-type for the space discretization of the Euler and Navier Stokes equations. The computational domain includes both air and water regions with the air/water boundary captured as a discontinuity in the density field thereby admitting the break up and recombination of the free surface. Temporal discretisation uses the artificial compressibility method and a dual time stepping strategy to maintain a divergence free velocity field. Cartesian cut cells are used to provide a fully boundary-fitted gridding capability on an regular background Cartesian grid. Solid objects are cut out of the background mesh leaving a set of irregularly shaped cells fitted to the boundary. The advantages of the cut cell approach have been outlined previously by Causon et al. (2000, 2001) including its flexibility for dealing with complex geometries whether stationary or in relative motion. The field grid does not need to be recomputed globally or even locally for moving body cases; all that is necessary is to update the local cut cell data at the body contour for as long as the motion continues. The handing of numerical wave paddles and device motion in a NWT is therefore straightforward and efficient. Firstly, extreme design wave conditions are generated in an empty NWT and compared with physical experiments as a precursor to calculations to investigate the survivability of the Bobber device operating in a challenging wave climate. Secondly, we consider a bench-mark test case involving in a first order regular wave maker acting on a fixed cylinder and Pelamis. Finally, a floating Bobber has been simulated under extreme wave conditions. These results will be reported at the meeting. Causon D.M., Ingram D.M., Mingham C.G., Yang G. Pearson R.V. (2000). Calculation of shallow water flows using a Cartesian cut cell approach. Advances in Water resources, 23: 545-562. Causon D.M., Ingram D.M., Mingham C.G. (2000). A Cartesian cut cell method for shallow water flows with moving boundaries. Advances in Water resources, 24: 899-911. Dalzell J.F. 1999 A note on finite depth second-order wave-wave interactions. Appl. Ocean Res. 21, 105-111. Ning D.Z., Zang J., Liu S.X. Eatock Taylor R. Teng B. & Taylor P.H. 2009 Free surface and wave kinematics for nonlinear focused wave groups. J. Ocean Engineering. Accepted. Hu Z.Z., Causon D.M., Mingham C.M. and Qian L.(2009). Numerical wave tank study of a wave energy converter in heave. Proceedlings 19th ISOPE conference, Osaka, Japan Qian L., Causon D.M. & Mingham C.G., Ingram D.M. 2006 A free-surface capturing method for two fluid flows with moving bodies. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Vol. A 462 21-42.

Double Mantle Plume Upwelling—A Possible Formation Mechanism of Beta Plateau and Devana Chasma,Venus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, N.

2009-12-01

Ning Ding,Zuoxun Zeng,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074,China NingDing.eagle@gmail.com Introduction:Venus represents a‘one plate planet’[1],and the uplift,fractures and volcanism in Beta Regio on Venus are considered to be formed by lithosphere uplift driven by a hot plume[2]. Based on the double peaking saddle landform,we suggest the tectonic pattern of double mantle plume upwelling to interpret the formation mechanism of Beta Plateau and Devana Chasma.We take a physical modeling to validate this possibility. Model:There is no ductile shear in Venus[3],so we use quartz sands to simulate the crust of Venus.We use two wood stickes 1.5cm in diameter rising from the rubber canvas slowly and straight till about half of the model,then falling down slowly and straight.The base is a hard rubber plate,in the center of which,there are two holes 3cm in diameter,and the distance between them is 5cm.The holes are covered by rubber canvas.We use the quartz sands in colours of white, red and black with particle size of 70 mess as the model materials. Result:Fig.1:At the beginning of the wood stickes upwelling,only fine radial cracks are formed above the upwelling from central to outside.With the upwelling continue,surface energy of the fine radial cracks increase and make the cracks unstable,finally,the fine radial cracks connect each other and form a fracture zone.And then the two mantle plume downwelling,the fracture zone is developed to form a chasma at the end. Fig.2:The four profiles all form reverse faults outside and normal faults inside.But the difference is the faults in the middle of the chasma goes deeper than others.It is the pattern of Beta Plateau where the tectonic rising is cut by Devana Chasma zone in the topographic features. Fig.3:From the tow fig., we can see two points similar:a.the elevation is high and distribution area is large around the area of two upwelling and it is high around the area of chasma,but the distribution area is small;b.both of them shows saddle shape and two highland connectting bya chasma. Discussion:Based on the‘Geology Map of V-17’,two highlands of Northern part of Devana Chasma,but the material Unit of North and South highland are different.The material Units of North highland are the oldest unit tt and t,the material Unit of South highland is pl and the material Unit of rift is r are both the youngest unit.From the Magellan SAR mosaic[5],we can clearly see Devana Chasma cut the material Unit of tt and pl.So the two highlands of Northern part of Devana Chasma are simultaneous formed.The younger material Unit of South highland of Northern part of Devana Chasma is because of the volcanic eruption of Theia Mons. Conclusion:The physical modeling validates the model of the double plume upwelling is a possible explanation. Acknowledgements:This research was supported by the National Teaching Bases For Geology(CUG)foundation funded. References:[1]I.López,Icarus2008[2]A.T.Basilevsky,Icarus2007[3]J.C.Aubele,2009,LPSC[4]A.V.Vezolainen,2003,Journalofgeophysicalres5earch[5]http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/images/v17_comp&v29_comp.pdf Fig.1 Fig.2 Fig.3a,3b

Comparison of female foot morphology and last design in athletic footwear--are men's lasts appropriate for women?

PubMed

Krauss, Inga; Valiant, Gordon; Horstmann, Thomas; Grau, Stefan

2010-04-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences between female feet and last design. Four hundred twenty-four feet and four men's running shoe lasts (U.S. women 6.0-9.5), which also are used for the manufacturing of women's shoes, were scanned in three dimensions. Six foot measures were quantified. Different foot types were classified using a cluster analysis. Comparisons were made between last measures and averaged as well as foot type specific foot measures. Differences in width measures between lasts and foot types vary substantially (0-9 mm). Length grading is similar for lasts and feet (differences < 1mm). Width grading is larger in lasts in comparison with average grading in feet (3.5-5.9 mm). Last design and grading should account for the sex-specific allometry in foot measures. The use of down-graded men's lasts for women's shoes has to be questioned. Therefore, sex-specific reference measures and wear tests should incorporate different foot types in different sizes to allow suitable implications for a proper design and grading of lasts.

Trait contributions to fish community assembly emerge from trophicinteractions in an individual-based model

USGS Publications Warehouse

Giacomini, Henrique C.; DeAngelis, Donald; Trexler, Joel C.; Petrere, Miguel

2013-01-01

Community ecology seeks to understand and predict the characteristics of communities that can develop under different environmental conditions, but most theory has been built on analytical models that are limited in the diversity of species traits that can be considered simultaneously. We address that limitation with an individual-based model to simulate assembly of fish communities characterized by life history and trophic interactions with multiple physiological tradeoffs as constraints on species performance. Simulation experiments were carried out to evaluate the distribution of 6 life history and 4 feeding traits along gradients of resource productivity and prey accessibility. These experiments revealed that traits differ greatly in importance for species sorting along the gradients. Body growth rate emerged as a key factor distinguishing community types and defining patterns of community stability and coexistence, followed by egg size and maximum body size. Dominance by fast-growing, relatively large, and fecund species occurred more frequently in cases where functional responses were saturated (i.e. high productivity and/or prey accessibility). Such dominance was associated with large biomass fluctuations and priority effects, which prevented richness from increasing with productivity and may have limited selection on secondary traits, such as spawning strategies and relative size at maturation. Our results illustrate that the distribution of species traits and the consequences for community dynamics are intimately linked and strictly dependent on how the benefits and costs of these traits are balanced across different conditions.

Moya moya: étiologie rare d’accident vasculaire cérébral ischémique chez l’enfant: à propos d’un cas

PubMed Central

Chibli, Radia; Omor, Youssef; Sebbouba, Nadir Slimani; Hassani, Moulay Rachid El; Jiddane, Mohamed; Fikri, Meriem

2017-01-01

La maladie de Moya Moya est une maladie angiogénique, caractérisée par un rétrécissement de l'artère carotide interne distale qui s'étend aux segments proximaux des artères cérébrales moyennes et antérieures, induisant la formation de vaisseaux de suppléance. Ces derniers proviennent des collatérales parenchymateuses, perforantes, leptoméningées et autres anastomoses transdurales. Ces vaisseaux collatéraux ont un aspect caractéristique à l'angiographie formant un nuage de fumée : réseau Moya Moya. Son étiologie reste encore mal élucidée et représente 10 à 15% des causes d'accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC), avec 2 pics d'âge où l'atteinte est plus fréquente: les enfants autour de 5 ans et les adultes autour de 40 ans. Son évolution peut être lente avec des symptômes intermittents ou être fulminante avec un déclin neurologique rapide. Les données actuelles montrent l'importance du traitement chirurgical comme méthode de référence pour la prise en charge du syndrome de Moya en particulier chez les patients avec des symptômes progressifs et récidivants. PMID:29599890

Study on differentiation during embryonic development across selective and ancestral breeds.

PubMed

An, Fengli; Wang, Jianlin

2017-06-01

In order to explore the effect of strain on diverging post-hatch muscle properties, muscle regulation during embryo development was investigated in selected and unselected breeds. Four broiler strains were used: JingNing (JN) chicken (a Chinese native chicken), HuangYu (HY) broiler, BaiYu (BY) broiler and Hyline layer (commercial crossbred chickens). Results showed that the four breeds had almost the same characteristic during different incubation periods. BY broilers moved more than JN and Hyline layers from Hamburger & Hamilton stage (HH)24 to HH31 (P < 0.05). HY broilers moved more than JN and Hyline layers from HH27 to HH31 (P < 0.01). All the embryos were heavier daily from HH24 to ED18 (P < 0.05); broilers presented greater body weights than JN and hyline layers (P > 0.05); broilers presented smaller fiber diameter than JN chickens before HH31 (P > 0.05). From then on, JN chicken exhibited smaller fiber diameter compared to the broilers (P > 0.05). Western blotting indicated all the breeds had continuous insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) expression, with the highest expression level in broilers from HH19 to HH24 and highest expression level in JN chicks from HH27 to HH31. The results indicated that the diverging growth among breeds was already shown in embryonic stages; the different expression patterns of IGF-I may be involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science.

Chemical Profiling of Re-Du-Ning Injection by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Tandem Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry through the Screening of Diagnostic Ions in MSE Mode

PubMed Central

Wang, Zhenzhong; Geng, Jianliang; Dai, Yi; Xiao, Wei; Yao, Xinsheng

2015-01-01

The broad applications and mechanism explorations of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (TCMPs) require a clear understanding of TCMP chemical constituents. In the present study, we describe an efficient and universally applicable analytical approach based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS) with the MSE (E denotes collision energy) data acquisition mode, which allowed the rapid separation and reliable determination of TCMP chemical constituents. By monitoring diagnostic ions in the high energy function of MSE, target peaks of analogous compounds in TCMPs could be rapidly screened and identified. “Re-Du-Ning” injection (RDN), a eutherapeutic traditional Chinese medicine injection (TCMI) that has been widely used to reduce fever caused by viral infections in clinical practice, was studied as an example. In total, 90 compounds, including five new iridoids and one new sesquiterpene, were identified or tentatively characterized by accurate mass measurements within 5 ppm error. This analysis was accompanied by MS fragmentation and reference standard comparison analyses. Furthermore, the herbal sources of these compounds were unambiguously confirmed by comparing the extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) of RDN and ingredient herbal extracts. Our work provides a certain foundation for further studies of RDN. Moreover, the analytical approach developed herein has proven to be generally applicable for profiling the chemical constituents in TCMPs and other complicated mixtures. PMID:25875968

Probing the Vibrational Spectroscopy of the Deprotonated Thymine Radical by Photodetachment and State-Selective Autodetachment Photoelectron Spectroscopy via Dipole-Bound States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Dao-Ling; Zhu, Guo-Zhu; Wang, Lai-Sheng

2016-06-01

Deprotonated thymine can exist in two different forms, depending on which of its two N sites is deprotonated: N1[T-H]^- or N3[T-H]^-. Here we report a photodetachment study of the N1[T-H]^- isomer cooled in a cryogenic ion trap and the observation of an excited dipole-bound state. Eighteen vibrational levels of the dipole-bound state are observed, and its vibrational ground state is found to be 238 ± 5 wn below the detachment threshold of N1[T-H]^-. The electron affinity of the deprotonated thymine radical (N1[T-H]^.) is measured accruately to be 26 322 ± 5 wn (3.2635 ± 0.0006 eV). By tuning the detachment laser to the sixteen vibrational levels of the dipole-bound state that are above the detachment threshold, highly non-Franck-Condon resonant-enhanced photoelectron spectra are obtained due to state- and mode-selective vibrational autodetachment. Much richer vibrational information is obtained for the deprotonated thymine radical from the photodetachment and resonant-enhanced photoelectron spectroscopy. Eleven fundamental vibrational frequencies in the low-frequency regime are obtained for the N1[T-H]^. radical, including the two lowest-frequency internal rotational modes of the methyl group at 70 ± 8 wn and 92 ± 5 wn. D. L. Huang, H. T. Liu, C. G. Ning, G. Z. Zhu and L. S. Wang, Chem. Sci., 6, 3129-3138 (2015)

The Onsala Twin Telescope Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haas, R.

2013-08-01

This paper described the Onsala Twin Telescope project. The project aims at the construction of two new radio telescopes at the Onsala Space Observatory, following the VLBI2010 concept. The project starts in 2013 and is expected to be finalized within 4 years. Z% O. Rydbeck. Chalmers Tekniska Högskola, Göteborg, ISBN 91-7032-621-5, 407-823, 1991. B. Petrachenko, A. Niell, D. Behrend, B. Corey, J. Böhm, P. Charlot, A. Collioud, J. Gipson, R. Haas, Th. Hobiger, Y. Koyama, D. MacMillan, Z. Malkin, T. Nilsson, A. Pany, G. Tuccari, A. Whitney, and J. Wresnik. Design Aspects of the VLBI2010 System. NASA/TM-2009-214180, 58 pp., 2009. R. Haas, G. Elgered, J. Löfgren, T. Ning, and H.-G. Scherneck. Onsala Space Observatory - IVS Network Station. In K. D. Baver and D. Behrend, editors, International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry 2011 Annual Report, NASA/TP-2012-217505, 88-91, 2012. H.-G. Scherneck, G. Elgered, J. M. Johansson, and B. O. Rönnäng. Phys. Chem. Earth, Vol. 23, No. 7-8, 811-823, 1998. A. R. Whitney. Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Electrical engineering, MIT Cambridge, MA., 1974. B. A. Harper, J. D. Kepert, and J. D. Ginger. Guidelines for converting between various wind averaging periods in tropical cyclone conditions. WMO/TD-No. 1555, 64 pp., 2010 (available at \\url{http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/documents/WMO_TD_1555_en.pdf})

AN/SLQ-32 EW System Model: and Expandable, Object-Oriented, Process- Based Simulation

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-09-01

CONST threshold = 0.1; timetol = 0.01; orientol = 5.8; VAR rec, recLast :BufferBeamRecType; time,power : REAL; powerl,orientation : REAL; BEGIN NEW...PulseGroup); rec:-ASK BufferBeam Removed; time: =rec. time; orientation: =rec. orientation; OUTPUT ( "ORIENREFI, orientation); recLast :=ASK BufferBeam Last...TO Add(rec); IF (rec= recLast ) EXIT; END IF; rec :=ASK BufferBeam Remove o; ELSE ASK BufferBeam TO Add(rec); IF (rec = recLast ) EXIT; END IF; rec

34 CFR 303.510 - Payor of last resort.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Payor of last resort. 303.510 Section 303.510 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION AND... DISABILITIES Use of Funds and Payor of Last Resort Payor of Last Resort-General Provisions § 303.510 Payor of...

14 CFR 47.37 - Aircraft last previously registered in a foreign country.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION Certificates of Aircraft Registration § 47.37 Aircraft last previously registered in a foreign country. (a) A person who is the owner of an aircraft last previously... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Aircraft last previously registered in a...

14 CFR 47.37 - Aircraft last previously registered in a foreign country.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION Certificates of Aircraft Registration § 47.37 Aircraft last previously registered in a foreign country. (a) A person who is the owner of an aircraft last previously... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Aircraft last previously registered in a...

LAST, a c-Myc-inducible long noncoding RNA, cooperates with CNBP to promote CCND1 mRNA stability in human cells

PubMed Central

Li, Jinming

2017-01-01

Cyclin D1 is a critical regulator of cell cycle progression and works at the G1 to S-phase transition. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the novel c-Myc-regulated lncRNA LAST (LncRNA-Assisted Stabilization of Transcripts), which acts as a CCND1 mRNA stabilizer. Mechanistically, LAST was shown to cooperate with CNBP to bind to the 5′UTR of CCND1 mRNA to protect against possible nuclease targeting. In addition, data from CNBP RIP-seq and LAST RNA-seq showed that CCND1 mRNA might not be the only target of LAST and CNBP; three additional mRNAs were shown to be post-transcriptional targets of LAST and CNBP. In a xenograft model, depletion of LAST diminished and ectopic expression of LAST induced tumor formation, which are suggestive of its oncogenic function. We thus report a previously unknown lncRNA involved in the fine-tuned regulation of CCND1 mRNA stability, without which CCND1 exhibits, at most, partial expression. PMID:29199958

A Global Modeling Framework for Plasma Kinetics: Development and Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parsey, Guy Morland

The modern study of plasmas, and applications thereof, has developed synchronously with com- puter capabilities since the mid-1950s. Complexities inherent to these charged-particle, many- body, systems have resulted in the development of multiple simulation methods (particle-in-cell, fluid, global modeling, etc.) in order to both explain observed phenomena and predict outcomes of plasma applications. Recognizing that different algorithms are chosen to best address specific topics of interest, this thesis centers around the development of an open-source global model frame- work for the focused study of non-equilibrium plasma kinetics. After verification and validation of the framework, it was used to study two physical phenomena: plasma-assisted combustion and the recently proposed optically-pumped rare gas metastable laser. Global models permeate chemistry and plasma science, relying on spatial averaging to focus attention on the dynamics of reaction networks. Defined by a set of species continuity and energy conservation equations, the required data and constructed systems are conceptually similar across most applications, providing a light platform for exploratory and result-search parameter scan- ning. Unfortunately, it is common practice for custom code to be developed for each application-- an enormous duplication of effort which negatively affects the quality of the software produced. Presented herein, the Python-based Kinetic Global Modeling framework (KGMf) was designed to support all modeling phases: collection and analysis of reaction data, construction of an exportable system of model ODEs, and a platform for interactive evaluation and post-processing analysis. A symbolic ODE system is constructed for interactive manipulation and generation of a Jacobian, both of which are compiled as operation-optimized C-code. Plasma-assisted combustion and ignition (PAC/PAI) embody the modernization of burning fuel by opening up new avenues of control and optimization. With applications ranging from engineefficiency and pollution control to stabilized operation of scramjet technology in hypersonic flows, developing an understanding of the underlying plasma chemistry is of the utmost importance. While the use of equilibrium (thermal) plasmas in the combustion process extends back to the ad- vent of the spark-ignition engine, works from the last few decades have demonstrated fundamental differences between PAC and classical combustion theory. The KGMf is applied to nanosecond- discharge systems in order to analyze the effects of electron energy distribution assumptions on reaction kinetics and highlight the usefulness of 0D modeling in systems defined by coupled and complex physics. With fundamentally different principles involved, the concept of optically-pumped rare gas metastable lasing (RGL) presents a novel opportunity for scalable high-powered lasers by taking advantage of similarities in the electronic structure of elements while traversing the periodic ta- ble. Building from the proven concept of diode-pumped alkali vapor lasers (DPAL), RGL systems demonstrate remarkably similar spectral characteristics without problems associated with heated caustic vapors. First introduced in 2012, numerical studies on the latent kinetics remain immature. This work couples an analytic model developed for DPAL with KGMf plasma chemistry to bet- ter understand the interaction of a non-equilibrium plasma with the induced laser processes and determine if optical pumping could be avoided through careful discharge selection.

Smoking Cessation and Improvement in Physical Performance Among Young Men

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

following two questions on tobacco use: “Have you smoked more than 100 cigarettes (5 packs) in your entire life?” (yes/no), and “When did you last... smoke a cigarette ?” (I have never smoked /More than 1 year ago/More than 1 month ago/More than 1 week ago/Within the last few days). Individ­ uals who...last cigarette within the last month were categorized as “current smokers” and those who reported smoking their last cigarette more than 1 month ago

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: update on mechanisms and treatment.

PubMed

Wolfe, John W; Butterworth, John F

2011-10-01

With increases in use of regional anesthesia, local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) has been a topic of interest and debate. Despite many years of research, the exact cause and best treatment of LAST (particularly local anesthetic cardiotoxicity) remain unclear. This review will summarize what is known and what remains uncertain about LAST and its treatment, including information published in the past 12-18 months. Several authorities, including the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, have published guidelines on prevention and treatment of LAST. Experimental data continue to add to better understanding of LAST and its treatment. The data are not entirely consistent, but themes include continued evidence to support the ideas that LAST cardiotoxicity occurs primarily at sodium channels, lipid emulsion is a reasonably well tolerated and effective treatment, and there may be qualitative differences in cardiotoxicity caused by low and high-potency local anesthetics. Regarding mechanism(s) of LAST, the evidence remains mixed, but it is likely that local anesthetic cardiotoxicity primarily arises from a blockade of sodium channels. As for treatment, in addition to ventilation, oxygenation, and chest compressions, lipid emulsion therapy should be a primary element in the treatment of cardiovascular LAST. The use of epinephrine and vasopressin should be tailored to specifics of an episode of LAST, and doses should be kept as low as possible while still achieving the desired effects.

Vegetation and paleoclimate of the last interglacial period, central Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Muhs, D.R.; Ager, T.A.; Beget, J.E.

2001-01-01

The last interglacial period is thought to be the last time global climate was significantly warmer than present. New stratigraphic studies at Eva Creek, near Fairbanks, Alaska indicate a complex last interglacial record wherein periods of loess deposition alternated with periods of soil formation. The Eva Forest Bed appears to have formed about the time of or after deposition of the Old Crow tephra (dated to ??? 160 to ??? 120 ka), and is therefore correlated with the last interglacial period. Pollen, macrofossils, and soils from the Eva Forest Bed indicate that boreal forest was the dominant vegetation and precipitation may have been greater than present around Fairbanks during the peak of the last interglacial period. A new compilation of last interglacial localities indicates that boreal forest was extensive over interior Alaska and Yukon Territory. Boreal forest also extended beyond its present range onto the Seward and Baldwin Peninsulas, and probably migrated to higher elevations, now occupied by tundra, in the interior. Comparison of last interglacial pollen and macrofossil data with atmospheric general circulation model results shows both agreement and disagreement. Model results of warmer-than-present summers are in agreement with fossil data. However, numerous localities with boreal forest records are in conflict with model reconstructions of an extensive cool steppe in interior Alaska and much of Yukon Territory during the last interglacial. ?? 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

3 CFR 8632 - Proclamation 8632 of February 28, 2011. Death of Army Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the Last...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Army Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the Last Surviving American Veteran of World War I 8632 Proclamation... Army Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the Last Surviving American Veteran of World War IBy the President of... W. Buckles, the last surviving American veteran of World War I, and in remembrance of the generation...

20 CFR 330.4 - Last railroad employment in the base year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Last railroad employment in the base year... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT DETERMINATION OF DAILY BENEFIT RATES § 330.4 Last railroad employment in the base year. The phrase “last railroad employment in the applicable base year,” as used in § 330.2(a) of this...

20 CFR 330.4 - Last railroad employment in the base year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Last railroad employment in the base year. 330... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT DETERMINATION OF DAILY BENEFIT RATES § 330.4 Last railroad employment in the base year. The phrase “last railroad employment in the applicable base year,” as used in § 330.2(a) of this...

20 CFR 330.4 - Last railroad employment in the base year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Last railroad employment in the base year... UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT DETERMINATION OF DAILY BENEFIT RATES § 330.4 Last railroad employment in the base year. The phrase “last railroad employment in the applicable base year,” as used in § 330.2(a) of this...

46 CFR 280.9 - Special rules for last year of ODS agreement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Special rules for last year of ODS agreement. 280.9... LINER OPERATORS § 280.9 Special rules for last year of ODS agreement. (a) Reduction in payment of ODS. ODS payable during the last year of any ODS agreement shall be reduced, as provided in paragraph (b...

30 CFR 75.507-1 - Electric equipment other than power-connection points; outby the last open crosscut; return air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... points; outby the last open crosscut; return air; permissibility requirements. 75.507-1 Section 75.507-1... other than power-connection points; outby the last open crosscut; return air; permissibility... permit for noncompliance may be used in return air outby the last open crosscut for the duration of such...

Effectiveness of a long-lasting piperonyl butoxide-treated insecticidal net and indoor residual spray interventions, separately and together, against malaria transmitted by pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes: a cluster, randomised controlled, two-by-two factorial design trial.

PubMed

Protopopoff, Natacha; Mosha, Jacklin F; Lukole, Eliud; Charlwood, Jacques D; Wright, Alexandra; Mwalimu, Charles D; Manjurano, Alphaxard; Mosha, Franklin W; Kisinza, William; Kleinschmidt, Immo; Rowland, Mark

2018-04-21

Progress in malaria control is under threat by wide-scale insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. Two recent vector control products have been developed: a long-lasting insecticidal net that incorporates a synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and a long-lasting indoor residual spraying formulation of the insecticide pirimiphos-methyl. We evaluated the effectiveness of PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets versus standard long-lasting insecticidal nets as single interventions and in combination with the indoor residual spraying of pirimiphos-methyl. We did a four-group cluster randomised controlled trial using a two-by-two factorial design of 48 clusters derived from 40 villages in Muleba (Kagera, Tanzania). We randomly assigned these clusters using restricted randomisation to four groups: standard long-lasting insecticidal nets, PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets, standard long-lasting insecticidal nets plus indoor residual spraying, or PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets plus indoor residual spraying. Both standard and PBO nets were distributed in 2015. Indoor residual spraying was applied only once in 2015. We masked the inhabitants of each cluster to the type of nets received, as well as field staff who took blood samples. Neither the investigators nor the participants were masked to indoor residual spraying. The primary outcome was the prevalence of malaria infection in children aged 6 months to 14 years assessed by cross-sectional surveys at 4, 9, 16, and 21 months after intervention. The endpoint for assessment of indoor residual spraying was 9 months and PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets was 21 months. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02288637. 7184 (68·0%) of 10 560 households were selected for post-intervention survey, and 15 469 (89·0%) of 17 377 eligible children from the four surveys were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Of the 878 households visited in the two indoor residual spraying groups, 827 (94%) had been sprayed. Reported use of long-lasting insecticidal nets, across all groups, was 15 341 (77·3%) of 19 852 residents after 1 year, decreasing to 12 503 (59·2%) of 21 105 in the second year. Malaria infection prevalence after 9 months was lower in the two groups that received PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets than in the two groups that received standard long-lasting insecticidal nets (531 [29%] of 1852 children vs 767 [42%] of 1809; odds ratio [OR] 0·37, 95% CI 0·21-0·65; p=0·0011). At the same timepoint, malaria prevalence in the two groups that received indoor residual spraying was lower than in groups that did not receive indoor residual spraying (508 [28%] of 1846 children vs 790 [44%] of 1815; OR 0·33, 95% CI 0·19-0·55; p<0·0001) and there was evidence of an interaction between PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying (OR 2·43, 95% CI 1·19-4·97; p=0·0158), indicating redundancy when combined. The PBO long-lasting insecticidal net effect was sustained after 21 months with a lower malaria prevalence than the standard long-lasting insecticidal net (865 [45%] of 1930 children vs 1255 [62%] of 2034; OR 0·40, 0·20-0·81; p=0·0122). The PBO long-lasting insecticidal net and non-pyrethroid indoor residual spraying interventions showed improved control of malaria transmission compared with standard long-lasting insecticidal nets where pyrethroid resistance is prevalent and either intervention could be deployed to good effect. As a result, WHO has since recommended to increase coverage of PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets. Combining indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl and PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets provided no additional benefit compared with PBO long-lasting insecticidal nets alone or standard long-lasting insecticidal nets plus indoor residual spraying. UK Department for International Development, Medical Research Council, and Wellcome Trust. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Batting last as a home advantage factor in men's NCAA tournament baseball.

PubMed

Bray, Steven R; Obara, Jeff; Kwan, Matt

2005-07-01

In baseball and softball, there is a rule that allows the home team to have the last at-bat and thus the final opportunity to win the game. However, in tournament play, this rule is often set aside and, instead, batting order is decided by other means (e.g. tournament rules, the flip of a coin). The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the batting last rule on game outcome in NCAA men's regional tournament baseball. It was hypothesized that host (i.e. home) teams would win a greater percentage of the games in which they batted last compared with when they batted first. This hypothesis was not supported. Closer examination of the last inning of play showed home teams were no more likely to have won the game during their last bat than visitors playing other visitors. The results suggest that the batting last rule contributes minimally, if at all, to home advantage in NCAA tournament baseball.

Antropometric parameters problem solving of shoe lasts by deforming membranes with medium weight

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Albu, A. V.; Anghel Drugarin, C. V.; Barla, E. M.; Porav, V.

2018-01-01

The paper presents research results into getting a virtual model of shoe last and anthropometric parameters change. The most important change occurs in the fingers region. Alternatives CAD-CAM technology for next generation is based on DELCAM software for the CAM procedure and simulation of MATLAB software. This research has led to the virtual changes of the last, anthropometric parameter - the width of the fingers (ld) and shoe last length - (Lp) and images have been achieved with the representation in section of the shoe last changed from the original shoe lasts by FEM method (Finite element method) in MATLAB environment. The results are applied in the textile industry and in the elaboration of linings consumption or in the development of leather substitutes on fabric, knitted or woven material type.

[Low-temperature response and cold tolerance at spike differentiation stage of winter wheat varieties sowed in spring].

PubMed

Xu, Lan; Gao, Zhi-fiang; An, Wei; Yuan, Ya-qi; Li, Yan-liang

2015-06-01

A total of 10 winter wheat varieties were imported from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region in China. Those varieties were sowed in spring in Xinding basin area of Shanxi Province, and the field trials were performed for two years (2013-2014). The traits and physiological characteristics under low temperature stress including grain yield, total content of chlorophyll, osmotic adjustment, membrane system, ion leakage rate, contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein were investigated, and the cold tolerance levels of the wheat varieties were assessed. The results showed that low temperature stress led to increases in wheat leaf ion leakage rate, soluble sugar and protein contents, but obvious reduction of chlorophyll content. According to principal component analysis and cold tolerance (D value) , Yumai 10, Yangmai 20, and Yunmai 42 were classed as cold sensitive wheat varieties. Yangmai 13, Yumai 12, and Ningmai 13 were classed as stronger cold-resistant wheat genotypes, and showed stability through two-year field trials, with the D values being 0.665-0.659, 0.493-0.495, and 0.471-0.583, respectively, while the D values for the controls Ning 2038 and Xinchun 30 were 0.368-0.397, and 0.328-0.330, respectively. The grain yields of the cold resistant wheat varieties were significantly higher than that of the other varieties tested. Therefore, Yangmai 13, Yumai 12 and Ningmai 13 could be imported and used as the cold tolerant wheat varieties for North Plain of China.

Association Analysis of Grain-setting Rates in Apical and Basal Spikelets in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

PubMed

Guo, Jie; Zhang, Yong; Shi, Weiping; Zhang, Boqiao; Zhang, Jingjuan; Xu, Yanhao; Cheng, Xiaoming; Cheng, Kai; Zhang, Xueyong; Hao, Chenyang; Cheng, Shunhe

2015-01-01

The rates of grain-setting in apical and basal spikelets in wheat directly affect the kernel number per spike (KNPS). In this study, 220 wheat lines from 18 Chinese provinces and five foreign countries were used as a natural population. Phenotypic analysis showed differences in grain-setting rates between apical and basal spikelets. The broad-sense heritability of grain-setting rate in apical spikelets (18.7-21.0%) was higher than that for basal spikelets (9.4-16.4%). Significant correlations were found between KNPS and grain numbers in apical (R (2) = 0.40-0.45, P < 0.01) and basal (R (2) = 0.41-0.56, P < 0.01) spikelets. Seventy two of 106 SSR markers were associated with grain setting, 32 for apical spikelets, and 34 for basal spikelets. The SSR loci were located on 17 chromosomes, except 3A, 3D, 4A, and 7D, and explained 3.7-22.9% of the phenotypic variance. Four markers, Xcfa2153-1A 202 , Xgwm186-5A 118 , Xgwm156-3B 319 , and Xgwm537-7B 210 , showed the largest effects on grain numbers in apical and basal spikelets. High grain numbers in apical and basal spikelets were associated with elite alleles. Ningmai 9, Ning 0569, and Yangmai 18 with high grain-setting rates carried larger numbers of favorable alleles. Comparison of grain numbers in basal and apical spikelets of 35 Yangmai and Ningmai lines indicated that the Ningmai lines had better grain-setting rates (mean 21.4) than the Yangmai lines (16.5).

Planning and Analysis of Fractured Rock Injection Tests in the Cerro Brillador Underground Laboratory, Northern Chile

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fairley, J. P., Jr.; Oyarzún L, R.; Villegas, G.

2015-12-01

Early theories of fluid migration in unsaturated fractured rock hypothesized that matrix suction would dominate flow up to the point of matrix saturation. However, experiments in underground laboratories such as the ESF (Yucca Mountain, NV) have demonstrated that liquid water can migrate significant distances through fractures in an unsaturated porous medium, suggesting limited interaction between fractures and unsaturated matrix blocks and potentially rapid transmission of recharge to the sat- urated zone. Determining the conditions under which this rapid recharge may take place is an important factor in understanding deep percolation processes in arid areas with thick unsaturated zones. As part of an on-going, Fondecyt-funded project (award 11150587) to study mountain block hydrological processes in arid regions, we are plan- ning a series of in-situ fracture flow injection tests in the Cerro Brillador/Mina Escuela, an underground laboratory and teaching facility belonging to the Universidad la Serena, Chile. Planning for the tests is based on an analytical model and curve-matching method, originally developed to evaluate data from injection tests at Yucca Mountain (Fairley, J.P., 2010, WRR 46:W08542), that uses a known rate of liquid injection to a fracture (for example, from a packed-off section of borehole) and the observed rate of seepage discharging from the fracture to estimate effective fracture aperture, matrix sorptivity, fracture/matrix flow partitioning, and the wetted fracture/matrix interac- tion area between the injection and recovery points. We briefly review the analytical approach and its application to test planning and analysis, and describe the proposed tests and their goals.

Comparing dried and liquid blood serum samples of depressed patients: An analysis by Raman and infrared spectroscopy methods.

PubMed

Depciuch, J; Parlinska-Wojtan, M

2018-02-20

Depression is a serious mental illness. To study the mechanism of depression and search for new, more effective therapies, animal models are often used. Unfortunately, none of the available models reflects all the symptoms of depression. Therefore researchers are looking for new tools to diagnose depression. Unfortunately, the nowadays-available depression diagnosis methods are only psychological tests. However, it is known, that the amount of phospholipids, proteins and lipids decreases during depression. Raman and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) spectroscopies provide information on the chemical compounds in the measured sample e.g. blood serum. These spectroscopic techniques may thus become reliable and accurate tools for evaluating changes in the amount of phospholipids and proteins in depression disease. In this study differences between dried and liquid blood serum samples of healthy and depressed individuals measured by Raman (range 0-3000cm -1 ) and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) (range 900-3000cm -1 ) spectroscopy were evaluated. The resulting spectra and accurate analysis led to the conclusion that an appropriate measurement of the background and the elimination of peaks from water had the greatest impact on the reliability of the results. Furthermore, after detailed studies of FTIR and Raman spectra of dried and liquid blood serum samples, including a complete analysis of peaks after Kramers-Kröning (KK) transformation, it was found that the sample preparation did not affect the results obtained by Raman spectroscopy. In FTIR measurements only a minimal effect on peak intensity was observed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Accrual and recruitment practices at Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) institutions: a call for expectations, expertise, and evaluation.

PubMed

Kost, Rhonda G; Mervin-Blake, Sabrena; Hallarn, Rose; Rathmann, Charles; Kolb, H Robert; Himmelfarb, Cheryl Dennison; D'Agostino, Toni; Rubinstein, Eric P; Dozier, Ann M; Schuff, Kathryn G

2014-08-01

To respond to increased public and programmatic demand to address underenrollment of clinical translational research studies, the authors examined participant recruitment practices at Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) sites and make recommendations for performance metrics and accountability. The CTSA Recruitment and Retention taskforce in 2010 invited representatives at 46 CTSAs to complete an online 48-question survey querying accrual and recruitment outcomes, practices, evaluation methods, policies, and perceived gaps in related knowledge/practice. Descriptive statistical and thematic analyses were conducted. Forty-six respondents representing 44 CTSAs completed the survey. Recruitment conducted by study teams was the most common practice reported (78%-91%, by study type); 39% reported their institution offered recruitment services to investigators. Respondents valued study feasibility assessment as a successful practice (39%); desired additional resources included feasibility assessments (49%) and participant registries (44%). None reported their institution systematically required justification of feasibility; some indicated relevant information was considered prior to institutional review board (IRB) review (30%) or contract approval (22%). All respondents' IRBs tracked study progress, but only 10% of respondents could report outcome data for timely accrual. Few reported written policies addressing poor accrual or provided data to support recruitment practice effectiveness. Many CTSAs lack the necessary frame work to support study accrual. Recom men dations to enhance accrual include articulating institutional expectations and policy for routine recruitment plan ning; providing recruitment expertise to inform feasibility assessment and recruit ment planning; and developing interdepartmental coordination and integrated informatics infrastructure to drive the conduct, evaluation, and improvement of recruitment practices.

Perceived family perceptions of breastfeeding and Chinese new mothers' breastfeeding behaviors.

PubMed

Lu, Hong; Li, Hongyan; Ma, Shuqin; Xia, Lijuan; Christensson, Kyllike

2011-11-01

To provide an understanding of Chinese new mothers' breastfeeding behaviors and especially to explore the relationship between the mothers perceived family perception about breastfeeding and the new mothers' breastfeeding behaviors. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Beijing and Yinchuan, the capital of Ning Xia Province, China. 214 new mothers with a baby at the age of 4 months were recruited to the study. The family perception of breastfeeding scale and the new mothers' breastfeeding behavior record were used. The response rate was n=200, 94%. Most of the new mothers perceived positive family perceptions about breastfeeding with an average score of 23.13 using the family perception of breastfeeding scale. Nearly half of the respondents reported that they exclusively breastfed their infants (n=94, 47%). The main reason for breastfeeding difficulty was inadequate lactation (n=56, 69%). The new mothers who breastfed their infants mentioned significantly stronger family perceptions/support compared to those who used mixed feeding or artificial feeding (p<0.001). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the types of mothers' feeding behaviors across the different age group, occupation, ethnicity, educational level, mode of delivery, the time of the baby's first suck, bottle feeding before the baby's first suck and the time of having colostrums. It is suggested to develop some strategies, such as family-centered antenatal and postnatal education programmes, to increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding by influencing new mothers' families about breastfeeding. Further research is needed to explore socio-demographic variables associated with new-mothers' breastfeeding behaviors. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of the safety performance of highway alignments based on fault tree analysis and safety boundaries.

PubMed

Chen, Yikai; Wang, Kai; Xu, Chengcheng; Shi, Qin; He, Jie; Li, Peiqing; Shi, Ting

2018-05-19

To overcome the limitations of previous highway alignment safety evaluation methods, this article presents a highway alignment safety evaluation method based on fault tree analysis (FTA) and the characteristics of vehicle safety boundaries, within the framework of dynamic modeling of the driver-vehicle-road system. Approaches for categorizing the vehicle failure modes while driving on highways and the corresponding safety boundaries were comprehensively investigated based on vehicle system dynamics theory. Then, an overall crash probability model was formulated based on FTA considering the risks of 3 failure modes: losing steering capability, losing track-holding capability, and rear-end collision. The proposed method was implemented on a highway segment between Bengbu and Nanjing in China. A driver-vehicle-road multibody dynamics model was developed based on the 3D alignments of the Bengbu to Nanjing section of Ning-Luo expressway using Carsim, and the dynamics indices, such as sideslip angle and, yaw rate were obtained. Then, the average crash probability of each road section was calculated with a fixed-length method. Finally, the average crash probability was validated against the crash frequency per kilometer to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. The results of the regression analysis and correlation analysis indicated good consistency between the results of the safety evaluation and the crash data and that it outperformed the safety evaluation methods used in previous studies. The proposed method has the potential to be used in practical engineering applications to identify crash-prone locations and alignment deficiencies on highways in the planning and design phases, as well as those in service.

CAD system for footwear design based on whole real 3D data of last surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Wanzhong; Su, Xianyu

2000-10-01

Two major parts of application of CAD in footwear design are studied: the development of last surface; computer-aided design of planar shoe-template. A new quasi-experiential development algorithm of last surface based on triangulation approximation is presented. This development algorithm consumes less time and does not need any interactive operation for precisely development compared with other development algorithm of last surface. Based on this algorithm, a software, SHOEMAKERTM, which contains computer aided automatic measurement, automatic development of last surface and computer aide design of shoe-template has been developed.

Timing and warmth of the Last Interglacial period: New U-series evidence from Hawaii and Bermuda and a new fossil compilation for North America

USGS Publications Warehouse

Muhs, D.R.; Simmons, K.R.; Steinke, B.

2002-01-01

The timing and duration of the Last Interglacial period have been controversial, with some studies suggesting a relatively short duration that is orbitally forced and others suggesting a long duration that is at most only partly related to orbital forcing. New, high-precison thermal ionization mass spectrometric (TIMS) U-series ages of Last Interglacial corals from Hawaii and Bermuda test these competing hypotheses. Waimanalo Formation corals from slowly uplifting Oahu, Hawaii range in age from ???134 to ???113 ka, with most ages between ???125 and ???115 ka. Combined with published U-series ages from nearby Lanai, the data suggest a long Last Interglacial period that may have occurred from ???136 to at least 115 ka. The results indicate that orbital forcing may not have been the only control on ice sheet growth and decay, because sea level would have been high at times of relatively low Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. On tectonically stable Bermuda, deposits from the ???200 ka (penultimate interglacial period), ???120 ka (peak Last Interglacial period) and ???80 ka (late Last Interglacial period) high sea stands have been newly dated. Fossil corals on Bermuda are derived from patch reefs that likely were "catch-up" responses to sea level rise. It is expected that U-series ages of Last-Interglacial corals on Bermuda should overlap with, but not be as old as the range of corals on Oahu. Last-Interglacial corals on Bermuda give a range of ???125-113 ka, which supports this hypothesis. A large number of emergent marine deposits on Hawaii, Bermuda and along coastal North America have now been dated to the Last Interglacial period. Both Oahu and Bermuda have marine invertebrate faunas with a number of extralimital southern species of mollusks, suggesting warmer-than-present waters during the Last Interglacial period. Warmer waters are also suggested for Last-Interglacial localities around most of North America, from Florida to Canada and Greenland and Baja California to Alaska. These observations are consistent with similar warm-water faunas of Last-Interglacial age reported from Japan, the Mediterranean basin and Western Australia. It is likely that significant changes in ocean currents took place during the Last Interglacial period, with a movement of relatively warm waters to higher latitudes than is the case today. ?? 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Soil profile of Yellow-brown Earth overlying Red Clay in southern Anhui Province: A pedogenic response to the Last Glacial - Interglacial cycle in mid-subtropical China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Xue-Feng; Du, Yan

2013-04-01

Soil profile of Yellow-brown Earth (YBE) overlying Red Clay (RC) is commonly seen along the Yangtze River in mid-subtropical China. To study its paleoclimatic implications, one YBE - RC profile in Langxi county, southern Anhui Province, were dated with the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) method in detail. The results indicated that the dual - layered profile is actually a pedogenic response to a great climatic change during the Last Glacial - Last Interglacial cycle: The YBE is homogenous to the aeolian Xiashu Loess widely distributed along the Yangtze River and was dated from 12.2 ka to 57.1 ka; and the underlying RC approximately from 60 ka to 132.8 ka, which fully suggests that the YBE is really the Last Glacial loess, correlated with the Malan Loess in the Chinese Loess Plateau, Northwest China, and the RC was mainly formed during the Last Interglacial. Two sub-class events of the Last Glacial, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Last Glacial Optimum (LGO), correlated with the marine oxygen isotopic stage (MIS) 2 and 3, can be separated and identified in the YBE. Likewise, the RC can be divided into the Uniform Red Clay (URC) and Reticulate Red Clay (RRC). The URC was formed during the transitional time from the Last Interglacial to the Last Glacial, and the RRC mainly during the Last Interglacial, MIS 5. The RC is highly weathered but still shows aeolian-dust characteristics. The duplicate information implies that the paleoclimate during the Last Interglacial is instable and might also oscillate between warm and cold, but sub-class paleoclimatic events, potential correlated with MIS 5 a - 5 e, cannot be identified in the RRC possibly due to the overlapped paleoclimatic information caused by highly chemical weathering. A great climatic transfer during the Last Glacial - Interglacial cycle left soil parent materials diversified in the study areas and hence caused the parallel distribution of different zonal soils in a small scale. Two surface soils, Yellow-brown Soils (Acrisols), derived from the YBE, and Red Soils (Plinthosols), derived from the RC, often coexist in the areas. The Red Soils are really relict and not correlated with the current soil-forming conditions. Sometimes, the influence of climatic change on the pedogenesis is so significant that it should never be neglected.

[Reimbursed health expenditures during the last year of life, in France, in the year 2008].

PubMed

Ricci, P; Mezzarobba, M; Blotière, P O; Polton, D

2013-02-01

To measure the reimbursed health expenditures in the last year of life and the proportion it represents in total reimbursement costs in 2008, to analyse the structure of such expenditures and to identify costs by cause of death. Data were obtained from the French national insurance information system (SNIIRAM). Data from the national hospital discharge database were linked to the outpatient reimbursement database for patients covered by the general health insurance scheme (n=49 million persons). The cost of the last year of life was calculated for the exhaustive population (361,328 deaths in 2008). The supposed cause of death was mainly derived from the primary diagnosis of the last hospital stay during which the patient died. The average reimbursed expenses during the last year of life were estimated at 22,000 € per person in 2008, with 12,500 € accounting for public hospital costs. Reimbursed health expenditures varied according to different medical causes of death: 52,300 € for HIV disease and about 40,000 € for tumors. A negative effect of age on the expenditure during the last year of life was observed. Health care spending increased with shorter time before death, the last month of life corresponding to 28% of reimbursed expenditures during the last year of life. Health care use in the last year of life represented 10.5% of the total health expenditures in 2008. This study found results similar to those observed in the past or in other countries. Our results show in particular that the weight of health expenditures during the last year of life on total health expenditures remains stable over the years. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Quality indicators for care of cancer patients in their last days of life: literature update and experts' evaluation.

PubMed

Raijmakers, Natasja; Galushko, Maren; Domeisen, Franzisca; Beccaro, Monica; Lundh Hagelin, Carina; Lindqvist, Olav; Popa-Velea, Ovidiu; Romotzky, Vanessa; Schuler, Stefanie; Ellershaw, John; Ostgathe, Christoph

2012-03-01

Quality indicators (QIs) are needed to monitor and to improve palliative care. Care of patients in the last days of life is a discrete phase of palliative care and therefore specific QIs are needed. This study aimed to identify and evaluate current QIs against which to measure future care of patients in the last days of life. To identify QIs for patients in the last days of life an update of the literature and national guidelines was conducted. Subsequently, an international panel of palliative care experts was asked to evaluate the identified QIs: how well they describe care and how applicable they are for care in the last days of life. Also additional QIs were asked. In total, 34 QIs for care in the last days were identified in the literature and guidelines. The experts (response rate 58%) agreed with seven QIs as being good descriptors and applicable: concerning a home visit for the family following a patient's death, the presence of a dedicated family room, limited patients receiving chemotherapy, limited need for pain control, gastrointestinal symptoms, and communication from professional to patient and family. The experts also suggested 18 additional topics for QIs for the last days of life. Currently no definite set of QIs exist to describe quality of care of patients in their last days of life. New QIs that are focused on care for patients in their last days of life, their relatives, as well as their professional caregivers are needed.

Polypedogenic case of loess overlying red clay as a response to the Last Glacial-Interglacial cycle in mid-subtropical Southeast China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Xue-Feng; Du, Yan; Liu, Xiang-Jun; Zhang, Gan-Lin; Jiang, Ying; Xue, Yong

2015-03-01

To study the paleoclimatic implications of the loess-like Yellow-brown Earth (YBE) overlying red clay (RC) along the Yangtze River, mid-subtropical Southeast China, four YBE-RC profiles in southern Anhui Province were investigated. Grain-size and geochemical characteristics indicated that the YBE is homologous to the aeolian Xiashu Loess; and the underlying RC, sub-divided into uniform RC (URC) and reticulate RC (RRC), is more intensively weathered but also exhibits aeolian dust characteristics. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating indicated that the YBE was formed during the Last Glacial, the RRC mainly during the Last Interglacial, and the URC during the transitional period between the YBE and RC. The YBE-RC transition reflects a significant paleoclimatic change in mid-subtropical China during the Last Glacial-Interglacial cycle. Sub-events of the Last Glacial, correlated with the marine isotopic stages (MIS) 2 and 3, can be identified within the YBE; however, those of the Last Interglacial, potential correlated with MIS 5a-5e, cannot be identified within the RRC possibly due to paleoclimatic overprinting. The rubification had been replaced by loess deposition along the Yangtze River since the early Last Glacial. With both highly weathered and aeolian-dust characteristics, the underlying RRC may indicate paleoclimatic instability given the multiple alternations between loess deposition and rubification of the Last Interglacial. The climatic change during the Last Glacial-Interglacial cycle significantly influenced the pedogenesis and made soil diversified in the study areas.

The Characteristics of LTP Induced in Hippocampal Slices Are Dependent on Slice-Recovery Conditions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godaux, Emile; Ris, Laurence; Capron, Brigitte; Sindic, Christian

2006-01-01

In area CA1 of hippocampal slices which are allowed to recover from slicing "in interface" and where recordings are carried out in interface, a single 1-sec train of 100-Hz stimulation triggers a short-lasting long-term potentiation (S-LTP), which lasts 1-2 h, whereas multiple 1-sec trains induce a long-lasting LTP (L-LTP), which lasts several…

47 CFR 87.219 - Automatic operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... weather information was gathered by real-time sensors or within the last minute; and, (iv) The time and date of the last update must be included when the weather information was not gathered within the last...

47 CFR 87.219 - Automatic operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... weather information was gathered by real-time sensors or within the last minute; and, (iv) The time and date of the last update must be included when the weather information was not gathered within the last...

47 CFR 87.219 - Automatic operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... weather information was gathered by real-time sensors or within the last minute; and, (iv) The time and date of the last update must be included when the weather information was not gathered within the last...

47 CFR 87.219 - Automatic operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... weather information was gathered by real-time sensors or within the last minute; and, (iv) The time and date of the last update must be included when the weather information was not gathered within the last...

Peatlands through the Last Glacial Cycle: Evidence and Model Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kleinen, T.; Treat, C. C.; Brovkin, V.

2017-12-01

The spatiotemporal distribution of peatlands prior to the last glacial maxium (LGM) is largely unknown. However, some evidence of non-extant peatlands is available in the form of buried organic-rich sediments. We have undertaken a synthesis of these "buried" peatlands from > 1000 detailed stratigraphic descriptions and combined it with data on extant peatlands to derive a first global synthesis of global peatland extent through the last glacial cycle. We present results of this synthesis in combination with modeling results where we determined peatland extents and carbon stocks from a transient simulation of the last glacial cycle with the CLIMBER2-LPJ model. We show that peat has existed in boreal latitudes at all times since the last interglacial, that evidence for tropical peatlands exists for the last 50,000 yrs, and that the model results in general agree well with the collected evidence of past peatlands, allowing a first estimate of peat carbon stock changes through the last glacial cycle. We discuss data and model limitations, with a focus on requirements for improving model-based peatland estimates.

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart Cccc of... - Continuous Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock... the applicable maximum concentration. 2. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart Cccc of... - Initial Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 1. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation stage... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock...

Spurious Additional Warming Reconstructed From Borehole Temperatures Corrected for the Effect of the Last Glacial Cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Šafanda, Jan

2018-03-01

Reconstructions of past ground surface temperature changes from temperature logs conducted in several hundred meter deep boreholes have proved to be a valuable independent source of information on climate variations over the last millennium. The reconstruction techniques have been evolving for more than two decades to extract optimally the climate signal of the last millennium contained in the temperature logs of different length performed in sites with different histories of the Last Glacial Cycle. This paper analyzes the method of the Last Glacial Cycle thermal effect removal from such borehole temperature profiles used by Beltrami et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071317) in reconstructing the last 500 year history. I show that the reported results of additional warming in this period reconstructed from the corrected borehole data for North America are an artifact generated by the correction.

Measuring Nepotism through Shared Last Names: Are We Really Moving from Opinions to Facts?

PubMed Central

Ferlazzo, Fabio; Sdoia, Stefano

2012-01-01

Nepotistic practices are detrimental for academia. An analysis of shared last names among academics was recently proposed to measure the diffusion of nepotism, the results of which have had a huge resonance. This method was thus proposed to orient the decisions of policy makers concerning cuts and funding. Because of the social relevance of this issue, the validity of this method must be assessed. Thus, we compared results from an analysis of Italian and United Kingdom academic last names, and of Italian last and given names. The results strongly suggest that the analysis of shared last names is not a measure of nepotism, as it is largely affected by social capital, professional networking and demographic effects, whose contribution is difficult to assess. Thus, the analysis of shared last names is not useful for guiding research policy. PMID:22937063

Last Days of Life (PDQ®)—Patient Version

Cancer.gov

Expert-reviewed information summary about care during the last days to last hours of life, including common symptoms, ethical dilemmas that may arise, and the role of the oncologist in caring for patients and their families during this time.

Last interglacial temperature seasonality reconstructed from tropical Atlantic corals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Felis, T.; Brocas, W.; Obert, J. C.; Gierz, P.; Lohmann, G.; Scholz, D.; Kölling, M.; Pfeiffer, M.; Scheffers, S. R.

2016-12-01

Reconstructions of last interglacial ( 127-117 ka) climate offer insights into the natural response and variability of the climate system during a period partially analogous to future climate change scenarios. However, the seasonal temperature changes of the tropical ocean are not well known for the last interglacial period. Here we present well preserved fossil corals (Diploria strigosa) recovered from the southern Caribbean island of Bonaire. These corals have been precisely dated by the 230Th/U-method to between 130 and 118 ka ago. Annual banding of the coral skeleton enabled construction of time windows of monthly resolved Sr/Ca temperature proxy records. Our eight coral records of up to 37 years in length cover a total of 105 years within the last interglacial period. From these coral records, sea surface temperature (SST) seasonality in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean is reconstructed. We detect similar to modern SST seasonality of 2.9 °C during the early (130 ka) and the late last interglacial (120 - 118 ka). However, within the mid-last interglacial, a significantly higher than modern SST seasonality of 4.9 °C (at 126 ka) and 4.1 °C (at 124 ka) is observed. These findings are supported by climate model simulations (COSMOS) and are consistent with the evolving amplitude of orbitally induced changes in seasonality of insolation throughout the last interglacial, irrespective of wider climatic instabilities that characterised this period, e.g. at 118 ka ago. The climate model simulations suggest that the SST seasonality changes documented in our last interglacial coral Sr/Ca records are representative of larger regions within the tropical North Atlantic. These simulations also suggest that the reconstructed SST seasonality increase during the mid-last interglacial is caused primarily by summer warming. Furthermore, a 124 ka old coral documents evidence of decadal SST variability in the tropical North Atlantic during the last interglacial, akin to that observed in modern instrumental records. Our results indicate that the dense theca walls of brain coral skeletons (e.g., Diploria strigosa) can provide robust seasonally resolved proxy records of tropical SST and reliable 230Th/U-ages for the last interglacial period.

Last Days of Life (PDQ®)—Health Professional Version

Cancer.gov

Expert-reviewed information summary about care during the last days to last hours of life, including common symptoms, ethical dilemmas that may arise, and the role of the oncologist in caring for patients and their families during this time.

Assessing the gap in female authorship in the journal Emergency Radiology: trends over a 20-year period.

PubMed

McKenzie, Kristopher; Ramonas, Milita; Patlas, Michael; Katz, Douglas S

2017-12-01

To examine trends in female authorship in the journal Emergency Radiology from January 1994 to December 2014. We obtained institutional review board approval for our study. We retrospectively reviewed a total of 1617 articles published in the journal Emergency Radiology over a 20-year period. Original articles, case reports, review articles, and pictorial essays were included. The first and last position author's gender was categorized as female or male. We analyzed trends by comparing the first and last position authors of original articles from the first and last year reviewed. We utilized Chi-square test for statistical analysis, with a p value <0.05 noted as significant. One thousand four hundred twenty articles met our inclusion criteria. There were 1420 first position authors and 1295 last position authors. There were 125 articles that had a sole author-these authors were considered as first position authors only. We determined, as best as possible, the gender of 96% of the authors. Overall, female authors were 21% of first position authors (290 of 1368) and 15% of last position authors (183 of 1246). Thirty-two percent of articles with female last position authors also had female first position authors (58 of 183). There was a statistically significant increase in female last position authors, from 12.9% in 1994 to 21.3% in 2014 (p = 0.026), a non-significant increase in female first position authors, from 17.5% in 1994 to 20.9% in 2014 (p = 0.514), and a non-significant increase in articles with both a first and last female author, from 25% in 1994 to 35% in 2014 (p = 0.593). Over the last 20 years, there has been a statistically significant upward trend in female last position authors publishing in the journal Emergency Radiology.

NADS versus CAMP closed-course comparison examining "last-second" braking and steering maneuvers under various kinematic conditions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-08-01

Drivers last-second braking and last-second steering judgments have been studied extensively by the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) Forward Collision Warning (FCW) Requirements project. This previous work was conducted under closed-cour...

Suppression of Plutella xylostella and Trichoplusia ni in cole crops with attracticide formulations.

PubMed

Maxwell, Elly M; Fadamiro, Henry Y; McLaughlin, John R

2006-08-01

The three key lepidopteran pests of cole, Brassica oleracea L., crops in North America are diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae); cabbage looper; Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae); and imported cabbageworm, Pieris rapae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Two species-specific pheromone-based experimental attracticide formulations were evaluated against these pests: LastCall DBM for P. xylostella and LastCall CL for T. ni. No LastCall formulation was available against P. rapae. Laboratory toxicity experiments confirmed the effectiveness of each LastCall formulations in killing conspecific males that made contact. In replicated small plots of cabbage and collards in central Alabama, over four growing seasons (fall 2003, spring 2004, fall 2004, and spring 2005), an attracticide treatment receiving the two LastCall formulations, each applied multiple times at the rate of 1,600 droplets per acre, was compared against Bacillus thuringiensis. subspecies kursatki (Bt) spray at action threshold and a negative untreated control. Efficacy was measured by comparing among the three treatments male capture in pheromone-baited traps, larval counts in plots, and crop damage rating at harvest. LastCall provided significant reductions in crop damage comparable to Bt in three of the four seasons. Efficacy of LastCall was dependent upon lepidopteran population densities, which fluctuated from season to season. In general, reduction in crop damage was achieved with LastCall at low-to-moderate population densities of the three species, such as typically occurs in the fall in central Alabama, but not in the spring when high P. rapae population pressure typically occurs in central Alabama. Significant reductions in pheromone trap captures did not occur in LastCall plots, suggesting that elimination of males by the toxicant (permethrin), rather than interruption of sexual communication, was the main mechanism of effect.

Trends in female representation in published ophthalmology literature, 2000–2009

PubMed Central

Shah, Deepika N.; Huang, Jiayan; Ying, Gui-shuang; Pietrobon, Ricardo; O’Brien, Joan M.

2013-01-01

Purpose To examine trends in female first and last authors in clinical ophthalmology literature published from January 2000 to December 2009. Methods A total of 3760 articles in American Journal of Ophthalmology (AJO), 2347 articles in Archives of Ophthalmology (Archives), and 3838 articles in Ophthalmology spanning 10 years of published ophthalmology peer-reviewed literature were examined. All original research articles and brief reports indexed online were included. Author gender was determined by an exhaustive Internet search. Articles were excluded if the sex of the author could not be determined or was not applicable (for example, articles by a study group rather than an individual author). Results Gender information was identified in 86.8% of articles for first authors and 86% for last authors. The number of female first authors (P < 0.0001) and last authors (P = 0.005) increased significantly in the study period in all journals examined, with a significant association between the sex of the first and last authors (OR = 2.19; 95% CI, 1.96–2.46; P < 0.0001), when examining all articles. Female representation increased for last authors significantly only in Ophthalmology. There was a significant correlation between gender of the first author and total number of authors that was not observed with last-author sex. Conclusions Female first authorship has increased from 2000 to 2009 and is correlated with the gender of the last author; however, there were fewer female last authors compared to female first authors in the same period. PMID:24459456

16 CFR 437.3 - The disclosure document.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... opportunity within the last three years. If more than 10 purchasers purchased the business opportunity within the last three years, the seller may limit the disclosure by stating the name, state, and telephone... disclosing all purchasers nationwide within the last three years. If choosing this option, insert the words...

16 CFR 437.3 - The disclosure document.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... opportunity within the last three years. If more than 10 purchasers purchased the business opportunity within the last three years, the seller may limit the disclosure by stating the name, state, and telephone... disclosing all purchasers nationwide within the last three years. If choosing this option, insert the words...

76 FR 18738 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... Records in the System: First, middle and last name, nickname, last four digits of Social Security Number..., Accessing, Retaining, and Disposing of Records: Storage: Records are stored on electronic storage media... characteristics (such as name, last four digits of Social Security Number (SSN), series, grade, dates of service...

20 CFR 416.909 - How long the impairment must last.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How long the impairment must last. 416.909 Section 416.909 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE... long the impairment must last. Unless your impairment is expected to result in death, it must have...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart Cccc of... - Initial Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Manufacturing of Nutritional Yeast Part... demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 1. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation stage... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock...

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart Cccc of... - Continuous Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Manufacturing of Nutritional Yeast Part... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock... the applicable maximum concentration. 2. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation...

77 FR 42790 - Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: “The Last Days of Pompeii...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-20

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7858] Culturally Significant Objects Imported for Exhibition Determinations: ``The Last Days of Pompeii: Decadence, Apocalypse, Resurrection'' SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given... hereby determine that the objects to be included in the exhibition ``The Last Days of Pompeii: Decadence...

CONDOM USE AT LAST SEX AS A PROXY FOR OTHER MEASURES OF CONDOM USE: IS IT GOOD ENOUGH?

PubMed Central

Younge, Sinead N.; Salazar, Laura F.; Crosby, Richard F.; DiClemente, Richard J.; Wingood, Gina M.; Rose, Eve

2009-01-01

Condom use at last sex is a widely used indicator in sexual behavior research; however, there is little empirical research validating this indicator. This study examined whether a single-event recall period (the last time coitus occurred) was consistent with longer recall periods (14 days and 60 days) for a sample of African American adolescent females (N = 566). The findings from this study demonstrate that condom use at last coitus is a valid proxy for condom use behaviors spanning longer time periods. PMID:19149154

Long-lasting desynchronization in rat hippocampal slice induced by coordinated reset stimulation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tass, P. A.; Barnikol, U. B.; Department of Stereotaxic and Functional Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne

2009-07-15

In computational models it has been shown that appropriate stimulation protocols may reshape the connectivity pattern of neural or oscillator networks with synaptic plasticity in a way that the network learns or unlearns strong synchronization. The underlying mechanism is that a network is shifted from one attractor to another, so that long-lasting stimulation effects are caused which persist after the cessation of stimulation. Here we study long-lasting effects of multisite electrical stimulation in a rat hippocampal slice rendered epileptic by magnesium withdrawal. We show that desynchronizing coordinated reset stimulation causes a long-lasting desynchronization between hippocampal neuronal populations together with amore » widespread decrease in the amplitude of the epileptiform activity. In contrast, periodic stimulation induces a long-lasting increase in both synchronization and amplitude.« less

A Bi-hemispheric perspective on the last glacial termination from the Southern Alps of New Zealand and the Altai Mountains of western Mongolia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strand, P.; Putnam, A. E.; Schaefer, J. M.; Denton, G.; Putnam, D.; Barrell, D.; Schwartz, R.; Sambuu, O.

2016-12-01

The last glacial termination ( 18,000 - 11,000 yrs ago) represents the last great global warming and the last time CO2 rose by a substantial amount before the industrial period. Understanding the processes that drove this glacial to interglacial transition will help refine the global climate system sensitivity to CO2 and will place ongoing global warming into a paleoclimatic context. Here, we test possible drivers of the last glacial termination by comparing chronologies of mountain glacier recession in the middle latitudes of both polar hemispheres. Extra-polar mountain glaciers are highly sensitive to changes in atmospheric temperature. Thus glacier landforms, such as moraine ridges constructed along glacier margins, afford quantitative insight into past climate conditions. We present 10Be surface-exposure chronologies and glacial geomorphologic maps of mountain glacier recession since the Last Glacial Maximum in the Southern Alps of New Zealand (44°S, 170°E) and in the Altai Mountains of western Mongolia (49°N, 88°E). On the basis of these chronologies from opposing hemispheres, we will evaluate the relative roles of rising atmospheric CO2, local insolation forcing, and ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in driving the warming that ended the last ice age.

Areal and Temporal Analysis of Precipitation Patterns In Slovakia Using Spectral Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pishvaei, M. R.

Harmonic analysis as an objective method of precipitation seasonality studying is ap- plied to the 1901-2000 monthly precipitation averages at five stations in the low-land part of Slovakia with elevation less than 800 m a.s.l. The significant harmonics of long-term precipitation series have been separately computed for eight 30-year peri- ods, which cover the 20th century and some properties and the variations are com- pared to 100-year monthly precipitation averages. The selected results show that the first and the second harmonics pre-dominantly influence on the annual distribution and climatic seasonal regimes of pre-cipitation that contribute to the precipitation am- plitude/pattern with about 20% and 10%, respectively. These indicate annual and half year variations. The rest harmon-ics often have each less than 5% contribution on the Fourier interpolation course. Maximum in yearly precipitation course, which oc- curs approximately at the begin-ning of July, because of phase changing shifts then to the middle of June. Some probable reasons regarding to Fourier components are discussed. In addition, a tem-poral analysis over precipitation time series belonging to the Hurbanovo Observa-tory as the longest observational series on the territory of Slovakia (with 130-year precipitation records) has been individually performed and possible meteorological factors responsible for the observed patterns are suggested. A comparison of annual precipitation course obtained from daily precipitation totals analysis and polynomial trends with Fourier interpolation has been done too. Daily precipitation data in the latest period are compared for some stations in Slovakia as well. Only selected results are pre-sented in the poster.

Crosstalk between immune cells and mesenchymal stromal cells in a 3D bioreactor system.

PubMed

Seifert, Martina; Lubitz, Annika; Trommer, Jeanne; Könnig, Darja; Korus, Gabriela; Marx, Uwe; Volk, Hans-Dieter; Duda, Georg; Kasper, Grit; Lehmann, Kerstin; Stolk, Meaghan; Giese, Christoph

2012-11-01

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), known for their high immune modulatory capacity are promising tools for several cell-based therapies. To better mimic the in vivo situation of MSC interactions with immune cells, we applied an artificial lymph node (ALN)-bioreactor culture system combining a miniaturized perfusion bioreactor with a 3D matrix-based cell culture of immune competent cells forming micro-organoids. Rat lymph node cells and allogeneic bone marrow-derived MSCs were seeded in a 20:1 ratio within the agarose matrix of the ALN-reactor. Lymphocytes were pre-incubated with Concanavalin A (ConA) and then co-cultured with MSC in the matrix with additional ConA in the perfusing medium. Live/dead staining showed survival of the co-cultures during the 8-day ALN-reactor run. Paraffin sections of bioreactor matrices were analyzed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-specific stai-ning to determine MSC proliferation. Immune modulatory capacity was defined by daily analysis of cytokine secretion profiles (TNFa, IFNy, IL-1a, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40/p70, GM-CSF). Cytokine peak secretion at day 2 was significantly inhibited by MSCs for TNFa (96.8 ± 4.8%) and IFNy (88.7 ± 12.0%) in 3D co-cultures. In contrast, other cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12) were induced. Furthermore, we detected a significantly higher (58.8%) fraction of proliferating MSCs in the presence of immune cells compared to control bioreactors loaded with MSCs only. In the future, this system might be an excellent tool to investigate the mechanisms of MSC-mediated immune modulation during simulated in vivo conditions.

Climate change effects on extreme flows of water supply area in Istanbul: utility of regional climate models and downscaling method.

PubMed

Kara, Fatih; Yucel, Ismail

2015-09-01

This study investigates the climate change impact on the changes of mean and extreme flows under current and future climate conditions in the Omerli Basin of Istanbul, Turkey. The 15 regional climate model output from the EU-ENSEMBLES project and a downscaling method based on local implications from geophysical variables were used for the comparative analyses. Automated calibration algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdel-ning (HBV) model for the study catchment using observed daily temperature and precipitation. The calibrated HBV model was implemented to simulate daily flows using precipitation and temperature data from climate models with and without downscaling method for reference (1960-1990) and scenario (2071-2100) periods. Flood indices were derived from daily flows, and their changes throughout the four seasons and year were evaluated by comparing their values derived from simulations corresponding to the current and future climate. All climate models strongly underestimate precipitation while downscaling improves their underestimation feature particularly for extreme events. Depending on precipitation input from climate models with and without downscaling the HBV also significantly underestimates daily mean and extreme flows through all seasons. However, this underestimation feature is importantly improved for all seasons especially for spring and winter through the use of downscaled inputs. Changes in extreme flows from reference to future increased for the winter and spring and decreased for the fall and summer seasons. These changes were more significant with downscaling inputs. With respect to current time, higher flow magnitudes for given return periods will be experienced in the future and hence, in the planning of the Omerli reservoir, the effective storage and water use should be sustained.

Cigarette smoke-induced Egr-1 upregulates proinflammatory cytokines in pulmonary epithelial cells.

PubMed

Reynolds, Paul R; Cosio, Manuel G; Hoidal, John R

2006-09-01

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide and is a progressive and irreversible disorder. Cigarette smoking is associated with 80-90% of COPD cases; however, the genes involved in COPD-associated emphysema and chronic inflammation are poorly understood. It was recently demonstrated that early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) is significantly upregulated in the lungs of smokers with COPD (Ning W and coworkers, Proc Natl Acad Sci 2004;101:14895-14900). We hypothesized that Egr-1 is activated in pulmonary epithelial cells during exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells (A-549) and primary epithelial cells lacking basal Egr-1 markedly induce Egr-1 expression after CSE exposure. To evaluate Egr-1-specific effects, we used antisense (alphaS) oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) to knock down Egr-1 expression. Incorporation of Egr-1 alphaS ODN significantly decreased CSE-induced Egr-1 mRNA and protein, while sense ODN had no effect. Via Egr-1-mediated mechanisms, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha were significantly upregulated in pulmonary epithelial cells exposed to CSE or transfected with Egr-1. To investigate the relationship between Egr-1 induction by smoking and susceptibility to emphysema, we determined Egr-1 expression in strains of mice with different susceptibilities for the development of smoking-induced emphysema. Egr-1 was markedly increased in the lungs of emphysema-susceptible AKR/J mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke, but only minimally increased in resistant NZWLac/J mice. In conclusion, Egr-1 is induced by cigarette smoke and functions in proinflammatory mechanisms that likely contribute to the development of COPD in the lungs of smokers.

Soft-collinear supersymmetry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cohen, Timothy; Elor, Gilly; Larkoski, Andrew J.

Soft-Collinear E ective Theory (SCET) is a framework for modeling the infrared structure of theories whose long distance behavior is dominated by soft and collinear divergences. This paper demonstrates that SCET can be made compatible with supersymmetry (SUSY). Explicitly, the e ective Lagrangian for N = 1 SUSY Yang-Mills is constructed and shown to be a complete description for the infrared of this model. For contrast, we also construct the e ective Lagrangian for chiral SUSY theories with Yukawa couplings, speci cally the single avor Wess-Zumino model. Only a subset of the infrared divergences are reproduced by the Lagrangian |more » to account for the complete low energy description requires the inclusion of local operators. SCET is formulated by expanding elds along a light-like direction and then subsequently integrating out degrees-of-freedom that are away from the light-cone. De ning the theory with respect to a speci c frame obfuscates Lorentz invariance | given that SUSY is a space-time symmetry, this presents a possible obstruction. The cleanest language with which to expose the congruence between SUSY and SCET requires exploring two novel formalisms: collinear fermions as two-component Weyl spinors, and SCET in light-cone gauge. By expressing SUSY Yang- Mills in \\collinear superspace", a slice of superspace derived by integrating out half the fermionic coordinates, the light-cone gauge SUSY SCET theory can be written in terms of super elds. As a byproduct, bootstrapping up to the full theory yields the rst algorithmic approach for determining the SUSY Yang-Mills on-shell superspace action. As a result, this work paves the way toward discovering the e ective theory for the collinear limit of N = 4 SUSY Yang-Mills.« less

Race, exercise training, and outcomes in chronic heart failure: Findings from Heart Failure - A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes in Exercise TraiNing (HF-ACTION)

PubMed Central

Mentz, Robert J.; Bittner, Vera; Schulte, Phillip J.; Fleg, Jerome L.; Piña, Ileana L.; Keteyian, Steven J.; Moe, Gordon; Nigam, Anil; Swank, Ann M.; Onwuanyi, Anekwe E.; Fitz-Gerald, Meredith; Kao, Andrew; Ellis, Stephen J.; Kraus, William E.; Whellan, David J.; O'Connor, Christopher M.

2014-01-01

Background The strength of race as an independent predictor of long-term outcomes in a contemporary chronic heart failure (HF) population and its association with exercise training response have not been well established. We aimed to investigate the association between race and outcomes and to explore interactions with exercise training in patients with ambulatory HF. Methods We performed an analysis of HF-ACTION, which randomized 2331 patients with HF having an ejection fraction ≤35% to usual care with or without exercise training. We examined characteristics and outcomes (mortality/hospitalization, mortality, and cardiovascular mortality/HF hospitalization) by race using adjusted Cox models and explored an interaction with exercise training. Results There were 749 self-identified black patients (33%). Blacks were younger with significantly more hypertension and diabetes, less ischemic etiology, and lower socioeconomic status versus whites. Blacks had shorter 6-minute walk distance and lower peak VO2 at baseline. Over a median follow-up of 2.5 years, black race was associated with increased risk for all outcomes except mortality. After multivariable adjustment, black race was associated with increased mortality/hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.33) and cardiovascular mortality/HF hospitalization (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.20–1.77). The hazard associated with black race was largely caused by increased HF hospitalization (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.27–1.96), given similar cardiovascular mortality. There was no interaction between race and exercise training on outcomes (P >.5). Conclusions Black race in patients with chronic HF was associated with increased prevalence of modifiable risk factors, lower exercise performance, and increased HF hospitalization, but not increased mortality or a differential response to exercise training. PMID:24016498

Bamboo vs. crops: an integrated emergy and economic evaluation of using bamboo to replace crops in south Sichuan Province, China.

PubMed

Lu, Hong-Fang; Cai, Chun-Ju; Zeng, Xian-Shu; Campbell, Daniel E; Fan, Shao-Hui; Liu, Guang-Lu

2018-03-10

Based on long-term monitoring conducted in Chang-ning county, a pilot site of the 'Grain for Green Program' (GFGP), an integrated emergy and economic method was applied to evaluate the dynamic ecological-economic performance of 3 kinds of bamboo systems planted on sloping farmland. The results confirmed the positive effects of all 3 kinds of bamboo systems on water conservation and soil erosion control. The benefits gained progressively increased during the first 8 years after conversion, going from 4639 to 16127 EMyuan/ha/yr on average. All three bamboo plantations were much more sustainable than common agricultural crops planted on sloping land (CP) on both the short and long-term scales with their Emergy Sustainability Index (ESI) and Emergy Index for Sustainable Development (EISD), respectively, being 14.07-325.71 and 80.35-265.80 times that of CP. However, all 3 bamboo plantations had a Net Economic Benefit (NEB) less than that of CP during the first 8 years after conversion. Even with the government-mandated ecological compensation applied, the annual NEB EC s of the Bambusa rigida (BR) and Phyllostachys pubescense (PP) plantations were, respectively, 3922.03 and 7422.77 yuan/ha/yr lower than the NEB of CP. Emergy-based evaluation of ecosystem services provides an objective reference for applying ecological compensation in strategy-making, but it cannot wholly solve the economic viability problem faced by all bamboo plantations. Inter-planting annual herbs or edible fungus, such as Dictyophora echinovolvata , within bamboo forests, especially in young bamboo plantations, might be a direction for optimizing bamboo cultivation that would improve its economic viability.

Unidata Workshop: Demonstrating Democratization of Numerical Weather Prediction Capabilities Using Linked Environments for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD) Capabilities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baltzer, T.; Wilson, A.; Marru, S.; Rossi, A.; Christi, M.; Hampton, S.; Gannon, D.; Alameda, J.; Ramamurthy, M.; Droegemeier, K.

2006-12-01

On July 13th 2006 during the triannual Unidata Workshop, members of the Unidata community got their first experience with capabilities being developed under the Linked Environments for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD) project (see: http://lead.ou.edu). The key LEAD goal demonstrated during the workshop was that of "Democratization," that is, providing capabilities that typically have a high barrier to entry to the larger meteorological community. At the workshop, participants worked with software that demonstrated the specific concepts of: 1) Lowering the barrier to entry by making it easy for users to: - Experiment using meteorological tools - Create meteorological forecasts - Perform mesoscale modeling and forecasting - Access data (source and product) - Make use of large scale cyberinfrastructure (E.g. TeraGrid) 2) Giving users the freedom from technological issues such as: - Hassle-free access to supercomputing resources - Hassle-free execution of forecast models and related tools - Data format independence This talk will overview the capabilities presented to the Unidata workshop participants as well as capabilities developed since the workshop. There will also be a lessons-learned section. This overview will be accomplished with a live demonstration of some of the capabilities. Capabilities that will be discussed and demonstrated have applicability across many disciplines e.g. discovering, acquiring and using data and orchestrating of complex workflow. Acknowledgement: The LEAD project involves the work of nearly 100 individuals whose dedication has resulted in the capabilities that will be shown here. The authors would like to recognize all of them, but in particular we'd like to recognize: John Caron, Rich Clark, Ethan Davis, Charles Hart, Yuan Ho, Scott Jenson, Rob Kambic, Brian Kelly, Ning Liu, Jeff McWhirter, Don Murray, Beth Plale, Rahul Ramachandran, Yogesh Simmhan, Kevin Thomas, Nithya Vijayakumar, Yunheng Wang, Dan Weber, and Bob Wilhelmson.

Soft-collinear supersymmetry

DOE PAGES

Cohen, Timothy; Elor, Gilly; Larkoski, Andrew J.

2017-03-03

Soft-Collinear E ective Theory (SCET) is a framework for modeling the infrared structure of theories whose long distance behavior is dominated by soft and collinear divergences. This paper demonstrates that SCET can be made compatible with supersymmetry (SUSY). Explicitly, the e ective Lagrangian for N = 1 SUSY Yang-Mills is constructed and shown to be a complete description for the infrared of this model. For contrast, we also construct the e ective Lagrangian for chiral SUSY theories with Yukawa couplings, speci cally the single avor Wess-Zumino model. Only a subset of the infrared divergences are reproduced by the Lagrangian |more » to account for the complete low energy description requires the inclusion of local operators. SCET is formulated by expanding elds along a light-like direction and then subsequently integrating out degrees-of-freedom that are away from the light-cone. De ning the theory with respect to a speci c frame obfuscates Lorentz invariance | given that SUSY is a space-time symmetry, this presents a possible obstruction. The cleanest language with which to expose the congruence between SUSY and SCET requires exploring two novel formalisms: collinear fermions as two-component Weyl spinors, and SCET in light-cone gauge. By expressing SUSY Yang- Mills in \\collinear superspace", a slice of superspace derived by integrating out half the fermionic coordinates, the light-cone gauge SUSY SCET theory can be written in terms of super elds. As a byproduct, bootstrapping up to the full theory yields the rst algorithmic approach for determining the SUSY Yang-Mills on-shell superspace action. As a result, this work paves the way toward discovering the e ective theory for the collinear limit of N = 4 SUSY Yang-Mills.« less

Effect of Duration of Irrigation with Sodium Hypochlorite in Clinical Protocol of MTAD on Removal of Smear Layer and Creating Dentinal Erosion

PubMed Central

Lotfi, Mehrdad; Moghaddam, Negar; Vosoughhosseini, Sepideh; Zand, Vahid; Saghiri, Mohammad Ali

2012-01-01

Background and aims The aim of the present study was to compare 1.3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in MTAD (mixture of tetracycline isomer, acid, and detergent) for the removal of the smear layer and induction of canal erosion. Materials and methods 38 maxillary incisors were divided in three experimental groups of 10 and two positive and negative control groups of each 4 teeth, and prepared using rotary files. In test groups, 1.3% NaOCl was used for 5, 10 and 20 minutes during preparation followed by MTAD as the final rinse. In negative control group, 5.25% NaOCl was used for 10 minutes followed by 17% Ethylenediamine Tetra-Acetic Acid (EDTA) as the final rinse. In positive control group, dis-tilled water was used for 10 minutes during preparation and then as the final rinse. The samples were examined under scan-ning electron microscope, and the smear layer and dentinal erosion scores were recorded. Results Five and 10 min groups had significant differences with 20 min group (p < 0.05). In apical third, 5 and 10 min groups had also significant differences with 20 min (p < 0.05). In the coronal thirds, when the time of irrigation with 1.3% NaOCl increased from 5 min to 20 min, erosion also increased significantly. However, 5 and 10 min groups had no signifi-cant differences with negative control group. Conclusion The use of 1.3% sodium hypochlorite for 5 and 10 minutes in the MTAD protocol removes the smear layer in the coronal and middle thirds but does not induce erosion. PMID:22991642

Economy's Troubles Could Hit Colleges Unusually Hard

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolverton, Brad

2008-01-01

Financial experts everywhere agree that the economy appears headed toward a recession. The question is how long it will last and how deep it will be. The last recession, in 2001, lasted less than a year. Most sectors, including higher education, shrugged it off. During lengthier downturns, colleges have often benefited from increased enrollments.…

78 FR 50135 - AIMS Worldwide, Inc., Apollo Capital Group, Inc., CommunitySouth Financial Corp., Last Mile...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-16

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [File No. 500-1] AIMS Worldwide, Inc., Apollo Capital Group, Inc., CommunitySouth Financial Corp., Last Mile Logistics Group, Inc., Made in America Entertainment... concerning the securities of Last Mile Logistics Group, Inc. because it has not filed any periodic reports...

75 FR 43498 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-26

... effective without further notice on August 25, 2010 unless comments are received which result in a contrary.... Categories of records in the system: Name, last four digits of the Social Security Number (SSN), date of... system: Storage: Electronic storage media. Retrievability: Last name, first name and/or last four digits...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

Fuel Standard Volumes by Year Generated_thumb20150904-8240-13hgnxh Last update August 2012 View Graph product or destination Last update August 2015 View Graph Graph Download Data Custom_thumb U.S. Ethanol , from 1866-2014 Last update August 2015 View Graph Graph Download Data Generated_thumb20160920-21993

20 CFR 220.28 - How long the impairment must last.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How long the impairment must last. 220.28 Section 220.28 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT... long the impairment must last. Unless the claimant's impairment is expected to result in death, it must...

Navy Entomologists Assist CDC’s Fight Against Malaria

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

long - lasting insec- ticide treated bed nets (LLINs): 2) indoor residual spraying (IRS) of living quarters using long - lasting residual ... insecticide susceptible malaria mosquitoes for residual insecticide testing of IRS sprayed walls and long lasting insecticide -treated bed nets . which is...the Navy Entomology Center of Excellence sprays panels, made of materials

26 CFR 301.6212-2 - Definition of last known address.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Change of Address database that retains change of address information for thirty-six months (NCOA database). Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, if the taxpayer's name and last... database, the new address in the NCOA database is the taxpayer's last known address, unless the IRS is...

26 CFR 301.6212-2 - Definition of last known address.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Change of Address database that retains change of address information for thirty-six months (NCOA database). Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, if the taxpayer's name and last... database, the new address in the NCOA database is the taxpayer's last known address, unless the IRS is...

26 CFR 301.6212-2 - Definition of last known address.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Change of Address database that retains change of address information for thirty-six months (NCOA database). Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, if the taxpayer's name and last... database, the new address in the NCOA database is the taxpayer's last known address, unless the IRS is...

26 CFR 301.6212-2 - Definition of last known address.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Change of Address database that retains change of address information for thirty-six months (NCOA database). Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, if the taxpayer's name and last... database, the new address in the NCOA database is the taxpayer's last known address, unless the IRS is...

26 CFR 301.6212-2 - Definition of last known address.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Change of Address database that retains change of address information for thirty-six months (NCOA database). Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, if the taxpayer's name and last... database, the new address in the NCOA database is the taxpayer's last known address, unless the IRS is...

20 CFR 330.4 - Last railroad employment in the base year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... part, means generally the employee's last “service performed as an employee,” within the meaning of section 1(g) of the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act. If an employee did not actually perform any... Board will consider that his or her last railroad employment in the base year was the employment on...

20 CFR 330.4 - Last railroad employment in the base year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... part, means generally the employee's last “service performed as an employee,” within the meaning of section 1(g) of the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act. If an employee did not actually perform any... Board will consider that his or her last railroad employment in the base year was the employment on...

77 FR 13574 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-07

... electronic storage media. Retrievability: Individual's name and last four of Social Security Number (SSN... commuting to and from work. Categories of records in the system: Name, last four of Social Security Number... contain the full name of the individual and last four of Social Security Number (SSN). The system manager...

14 CFR 47.35 - Aircraft last previously registered in the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION Certificates of Aircraft Registration § 47.35 Aircraft last....15, and 47.17, as applicable and submits with his Aircraft Registration Application, AC Form 8050-1... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Aircraft last previously registered in the...

14 CFR 47.35 - Aircraft last previously registered in the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION Certificates of Aircraft Registration § 47.35 Aircraft last... applicable and submits with his Aircraft Registration Application, AC Form 8050-1 an Aircraft Bill of Sale... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Aircraft last previously registered in the...

14 CFR 47.35 - Aircraft last previously registered in the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION Certificates of Aircraft Registration § 47.35 Aircraft last... applicable and submits with his Aircraft Registration Application, AC Form 8050-1 an Aircraft Bill of Sale... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Aircraft last previously registered in the...

14 CFR 47.35 - Aircraft last previously registered in the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT REGISTRATION Certificates of Aircraft Registration § 47.35 Aircraft last....15, and 47.17, as applicable and submits with his Aircraft Registration Application, AC Form 8050-1... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Aircraft last previously registered in the...

Condom use at last sexual relationship among adolescents of Santiago Island, Cape Verde, - West Africa

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Objective To estimate factors associated with condom use at last sexual intercourse among adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of 368 sexually active adolescents aged 13–17 years from eight public high schools on Santiago Island, Cape Verde, 2007. The level of significance was 5.0% obtained from logistic regression, considering the association between condom use and socio-demographic, sexual and reproductive variables. Results The prevalence of condom use at last sexual intercourse was 94.9%. Factors associated with condom use at last sexual relationship were: non-Catholic religion (OR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.52; 0.88) and affective-sexual partnership before the interview (OR=5.15, 95%CI: 1.79; 14.80). Conclusions There was a high prevalence of condom use at last sexual intercourse of adolescents. PMID:23153259

Spinal NMDA receptor activation constrains inactivity-induced phrenic motor facilitation in Charles River Sprague-Dawley rats

PubMed Central

Streeter, K. A.

2014-01-01

Reduced spinal synaptic inputs to phrenic motor neurons elicit a unique form of spinal plasticity known as inactivity-induced phrenic motor facilitation (iPMF). iPMF requires tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) activity within spinal segments containing the phrenic motor nucleus to stabilize early, transient increases in phrenic burst amplitude into long-lasting iPMF. Here we tested the hypothesis that spinal N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation constrains long-lasting iPMF in some rat substrains. Phrenic motor output was recorded in anesthetized, ventilated Harlan (HSD) and Charles River (CRSD) Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to a 30-min central neural apnea. HSD rats expressed a robust, long-lasting (>60 min) increase in phrenic burst amplitude (i.e., long-lasting iPMF) when respiratory neural activity was restored. By contrast, CRSD rats expressed an attenuated, transient (∼15 min) iPMF. Spinal NMDAR inhibition with DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (APV) before neural apnea or shortly (4 min) prior to the resumption of respiratory neural activity revealed long-lasting iPMF in CRSD rats that was phenotypically similar to that in HSD rats. By contrast, APV did not alter iPMF expression in HSD rats. Spinal TNF-α or aPKC inhibition impaired long-lasting iPMF enabled by NMDAR inhibition in CRSD rats, suggesting that similar mechanisms give rise to long-lasting iPMF in CRSD rats with NMDAR inhibition as those giving rise to long-lasting iPMF in HSD rats. These results suggest that NMDAR activation can impose constraints on TNF-α-induced aPKC activation after neural apnea, impairing stabilization of transient iPMF into long-lasting iPMF. These data may have important implications for understanding differential responses to reduced respiratory neural activity in a heterogeneous human population. PMID:25103979

THE LAST PURSUIT: The 2d Armored Division’s Exploitation from the Rhine to the Elbe, 24 March-14 April 1945,

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-23

34 - .- " MacDonald, Charles B. The Last Offensive. Ryan, Cornelius The Last Battle. 6 . i Toland, Joyn The Last 100 Days. Trahan, E. History of the 2d...18. Weigley, Eisenhower’s Lieutenants, pp. 17-19. 19. Ibid. 20. Ibid. 21. Ian V. Hog, The Enccopedia of Infantry Weapons of World~~War II (New York...Hogg, Ian V., The Encyclopedia of Infantry Weapons of World War II . New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1977. Houston, Donald E., Hell on Wheels

[Reducing occupational burnout and enhancing job performance in new nurses: the efficacy of "last mile" programs].

PubMed

Wu, Hsiu-Mei; Liu, Pei-Fen; Ho, Hsueh-Hua; Chen, Ping-Ling; Chao, Hui-Lin; Chen, Hsiao-Lien

2012-08-01

New nurses undergo a stressful and challenging transition process in the nursing workplace. Lack of patient care knowledge and skills and work adaption difficulties lead to a high turnover rate that drains essential new talent away from the nursing profession and further exacerbates professional staffing shortages in the healthcare sector. The "last mile" program is a program developed jointly by a nursing school and hospital as a mechanism to bridge classroom learning to clinical practice and smooth the transition of nursing students into nursing professionals. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of the "last mile" program on job performance and occupational burnout among new nurses. We conducted a quasi-experimental study in 2009 on a convenience sample of new nurses in a medical center. Participants were assigned into two groups, namely those enrolled in the last mile program (n = 29) and those not enrolled in the program (n = 94). Research team members and several collaborative universities developed the last mile program used in this study; Seven experts established content validity; The last mile program included 84 hours of lecture courses and 160 hours of clinical practice. Data was collected using the nursing job performance scale developed in 2007 by Greenslade and Jimmieson and translated ÷ back translated into an equivalent Chinese version. Exploratory factor analysis showed all items aggraded into 8 factors, which could be divided into task performance and contextual performance concept categories. Task performance concepts included: social support, information, coordination of care, and technical care; Contextual performance concepts included: interpersonal support, job-task support, volunteering for additional duties and compliance. The Cronbach's α for the 8 factors were .70-.95. The occupational burnout inventory included the 4 subscales of personal burnout, work-related burnout, client-related burnout, and over-commitment, with associated Cronbach's α ranging from .84-.90. Data was collected at one, three, and six months after employment. Repeated measures ANOVA and an independent t-test were used to analyze data. The average age of the 123 participants surveyed was 23 years, with no differences identified between last-mile and non-last-mile groups in terms of education level, work unit, or other demographic variables. New nurses who participated in the last mile program achieved significantly higher performance scores for job-task support, volunteering for additional duties, and overall task and contextual performance than those who did not. Last-mile-program group participants also had significantly lower client-related burnout than their non-last-mile-program peers. The last mile program facilitates new nurses' contextual performance and reduces incidence of care burnout. The cooperative education model linking universities and hospitals can be a positive component in a new nurse retention strategy for hospital administrators and educators.

A Chronologic Dual-Hemisphere Approach to the Last Glacial Termination from the Southern Alps of New Zealand and the Altai Mountains of Western Mongolia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strand, P.; Putnam, A. E.; Schaefer, J. M.; Denton, G.; Barrell, D.; Putnam, D.; Schwartz, R.; Sambuu, O.; Radue, M. J.; Lindsay, B. J.; Stevens, J.

2017-12-01

Understanding the processes that drove the last glacial termination in the tropics and mid-latitudes is a major unresolved problem in paleoclimate. The most recent glacial to interglacial transition represents the last great global warming and the last time CO2 rose by a substantial amount before the industrial period. Determining the speed of this warming will help refine the global climate system sensitivity to CO2 and will place ongoing global warming into a paleoclimatic context. Here, we test possible drivers of the last glacial termination by comparing chronologies of mountain glaciers, which are highly sensitive to changes in atmospheric temperature, in the middle latitudes of both polar hemispheres. The dating of glacier landforms, such as moraine ridges constructed along glacier margins, affords quantitative insight into past climate conditions. We present 10Be surface-exposure chronologies and glacial geomorphologic maps of mountain glacier recession since the Last Glacial Maximum in the Southern Alps of New Zealand (44°S, 170°E) and in the Altai Mountains of western Mongolia (49°N, 88°E). On the basis of these chronologies from opposing hemispheres, we evaluate the relative roles of rising atmospheric CO2, local insolation forcing, and ocean-atmosphere reorganizations in driving the global warming that ended the last ice age.

Identification of last interglacial deposits in eastern Beringia: a cautionary note from the Palisades, interior Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Reyes, Alberto V.; Zazula, Grant D.; Kuzmina, Svetlana; Ager, Thomas A.; Froese, Duane G.

2011-01-01

Last interglacial sediments in unglaciated Alaska and Yukon (eastern Beringia) are commonly identified by palaeoecological indicators and stratigraphic position ~2-5m above the regionally prominent Old Crow tephra (124 + or - 10ka). We demonstrate that this approach can yield erroneous age assignments using data from a new exposure at the Palisades, a site in interior Alaska with numerous exposures of last interglacial sediments. Tephrochronology, stratigraphy, plant macrofossils, pollen and fossil insects from a prominent wood-rich organic silt unit are all consistent with a last interglacial age assignment. However, six 14C dates on plant and insect macrofossils from the organic silt range from non-finite to 4.0 14C ka BP, indicating that the organic silt instead represents a Holocene deposit with a mixed-age assemblage of organic material. In contrast, wood samples from presumed last interglacial organic-rich sediments elsewhere at the Palisades, in a similar stratigraphic position with respect to Old Crow tephra, yield non-finite 14C ages. Given that local permafrost thaw since the last interglaciation may facilitate reworking of older sediments into new stratigraphic positions, minimum constraining ages based on 14C dating or other methods should supplement age assignments for last interglacial sediments in eastern Beringia that are based on palaeoecology and stratigraphic association with Old Crow tephra.

Meltwater pulse recorded in Last Interglacial mollusk shells from Bermuda

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winkelstern, Ian Z.; Rowe, Mark P.; Lohmann, Kyger C.; Defliese, William F.; Petersen, Sierra V.; Brewer, Aaron W.

2017-02-01

The warm climate of Bermuda today is modulated by the nearby presence of the Gulf Stream current. However, iceberg scours in the Florida Strait and the presence of ice-rafted debris in Bermuda Rise sediments indicate that, during the last deglaciation, icebergs discharged from the Laurentide Ice Sheet traveled as far south as subtropical latitudes. We present evidence that an event of similar magnitude affected the subtropics during the Last Interglacial, potentially due to melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Using the clumped isotope paleothermometer, we found temperatures 10°C colder and seawater δ18O values 2‰ lower than modern in Last Interglacial Cittarium pica shells from Grape Bay, Bermuda. In contrast, Last Interglacial shells from Rocky Bay, Bermuda, record temperatures only slightly colder and seawater δ18O values similar to modern, likely representing more typical Last Interglacial conditions in Bermuda outside of a meltwater event. The significantly colder ocean temperatures observed in Grape Bay samples illustrate the extreme sensitivity of Bermudian climate to broad-scale ocean circulation changes. They indicate routine meltwater transport in the North Atlantic to near-equatorial latitudes, which would likely have resulted in disruption of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. These data demonstrate that future melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet, a potential source of the Last Interglacial meltwater event, could have dramatic climate effects outside of the high latitudes.

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

fleet type from 1992-2014 Last update August 2016 View Graph Graph Download Data Generated_thumb20160830 Trend of S&FP AFV acquisitions by fuel type from 1992-2015 Last update August 2016 View Graph Graph transactions from 1997-2014 Last update August 2016 View Graph Graph Download Data Biofuelsatlas BioFuels Atlas

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

-1paywcu Last update August 2014 View Graph Graph Download Data State & Alt Fuel Providers -kgi9ks Trend of S&FP AFV acquisitions by fleet type from 1992-2014 Last update August 2016 View Graph -2015 Last update August 2016 View Graph Graph Download Data Generated_thumb20160907-12999-119sgvk

78 FR 24258 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated...

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2013-04-24

... real-time, low latency data feed that includes CBSX ``BBO data'' and last sale data.\\4\\ CBOE reports CBSX BBO data under the Consolidated Quotation Plan (``CQ Plan'') and CBSX last sale data under the... reports CBSX BBO data and CBSX last sale data under the Nasdaq Unlisted Trading Privileges Plan (``Nasdaq...

78 FR 55649 - Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Listing the Southern White Rhino (Ceratotherium...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-11

..., unpaginated). It is, therefore, likely that this species has become extinct in the wild. The last remaining... last 6 years, rhino protections costs have sharply risen. During the same time period, the prices for... Inadequacy of Existing Regulatory Mechanisms Trends in poaching over the last 5 years have demonstrated that...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart Cccc of... - Initial Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Yeast Pt. 63, Subpart CCCC, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart CCCC of Part 63—Initial Compliance With Emission... demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 1. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation stage... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart Cccc of... - Initial Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Yeast Pt. 63, Subpart CCCC, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart CCCC of Part 63—Initial Compliance With Emission... demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 1. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation stage... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart Cccc of... - Initial Compliance With Emission Limitations

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Yeast Pt. 63, Subpart CCCC, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart CCCC of Part 63—Initial Compliance With Emission... demonstrated initial compliance if . . . 1. Each fed-batch fermenter producing yeast in a fermentation stage... yeast in a fermentation stage (last (Trade), second-to-last (First Generation), or third-to-last (Stock...

75 FR 69583 - Technical Corrections to Customs and Border Protection Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-15

... amends Sec. 10.121(b) to remove the word ``shall'' in the first, second and last sentences and to replace it with the word ``will'' in order to conform this regulation with the plain English mandate. Lastly, the word ``immediately'' is deleted from the last sentence because the use of this term conflicts with...

42 CFR 63a.8 - How long does grant support last?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false How long does grant support last? 63a.8 Section 63a.8 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH TRAINING GRANTS § 63a.8 How long does grant support last...

42 CFR 63a.8 - How long does grant support last?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false How long does grant support last? 63a.8 Section 63a.8 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH TRAINING GRANTS § 63a.8 How long does grant support last...

42 CFR 63a.8 - How long does grant support last?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false How long does grant support last? 63a.8 Section 63a.8 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH TRAINING GRANTS § 63a.8 How long does grant support last...

42 CFR 63a.8 - How long does grant support last?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false How long does grant support last? 63a.8 Section 63a.8 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH TRAINING GRANTS § 63a.8 How long does grant support last...

42 CFR 63a.8 - How long does grant support last?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false How long does grant support last? 63a.8 Section 63a.8 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES FELLOWSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINING NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH TRAINING GRANTS § 63a.8 How long does grant support last...

Overview of the TREC 2012 Web Track

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

picture of the Last Supper painting by Leonardo da Vinci . </description> <subtopic number=ŕ" type="nav"> Find a picture of the Last Supper painting by... Leonardo da Vinci . </subtopic> <subtopic number=Ŗ" type="nav"> Are tickets available online to view da Vinci’s Last Supper in Milan, Italy

The swan-song phenomenon: last-works effects for 172 classical composers.

PubMed

Simonton, D K

1989-03-01

Creative individuals approaching their final years of life may undergo a transformation in outlook that is reflected in their last works. This hypothesized effect was quantitatively assessed for an extensive sample of 1,919 works by 172 classical composers. The works were independently gauged on seven aesthetic attributes (melodic originality, melodic variation, repertoire popularity, aesthetic significance, listener accessibility, performance duration, and thematic size), and potential last-works effects were operationally defined two separate ways (linearly and exponentially). Statistical controls were introduced for both longitudinal changes (linear, quadratic, and cubic age functions) and individual differences (eminence and lifetime productivity). Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that composers' swan songs tend to score lower in melodic originality and performance duration but higher in repertoire popularity and aesthetic significance. These last-works effects survive control for total compositional output, eminence, and most significantly, the composer's age when the last works were created.

77 FR 22480 - Conduit Financing Arrangements; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-16

... as follows: Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805 * * * Sec. 1.881-3 [Amended] 0 Par. 2. For each entry in the..., 2, 3 Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4. (a)(2)(i)(A). Last sentence of paragraph Examples 4 and 5 Examples 5 and 6. (a)(2)(i)(B). Last sentence of paragraph Example 6 Example 7. (a)(3)(ii)(E)(2)(ii). Last...

NREL Report Shows Utility-Scale Solar PV System Cost Fell Nearly 30% Last

Science.gov Websites

Year | NREL | News | NREL Report Shows Utility-Scale Solar PV System Cost Fell Nearly 30% Last Year News Release: NREL Report Shows Utility-Scale Solar PV System Cost Fell Nearly 30% Last Year September 12, 2017 Record-low costs enabled by decline in module and inverter prices The installed cost of

High Throughput Spectroscopic Catalyst Screening via Surface Plasmon Spectroscopy

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-15

release. Distribution is unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Over the last decade, shape controlled synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has...unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT Over the last decade, shape controlled synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has opened up the possibility...i) Specific Aims - Over the last decade, shape controlled synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has opened up the possibility to study heterogeneous

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

acquisitions by fleet type from 1992-2014 Last update August 2016 View Graph Graph Download Data -m8i0e0 Trend of S&FP AFV acquisitions by fuel type from 1992-2015 Last update August 2016 View Graph transactions from 1997-2014 Last update August 2016 View Graph Graph Download Data Generated_thumb20160907

30 CFR 75.507-1 - Electric equipment other than power-connection points; outby the last open crosscut; return air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... where nonpermissible electric face equipment may be taken into or used inby the last open crosscut until March 30, 1974, such nonpermissible electric face equipment may be used in return air outby the last... where a permit for noncompliance is in effect, nonpermissible electric face equipment specified in such...

30 CFR 75.507-1 - Electric equipment other than power-connection points; outby the last open crosscut; return air...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... where nonpermissible electric face equipment may be taken into or used inby the last open crosscut until March 30, 1974, such nonpermissible electric face equipment may be used in return air outby the last... where a permit for noncompliance is in effect, nonpermissible electric face equipment specified in such...

The role of climate change in interpreting historical variability

Treesearch

Constance I. Millar; Wallace B. Woolfenden

1999-01-01

Significant climate anomalies have characterized the last 1000 yr in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. Two warm, dry periods of 150- and 200-yr duration occurred during AD 900-1350, which were followed by anomalously cold climates, known as the Little Ice Age, that lasted from AD 1400 to 1900. Climate in the last century has been significantly warmer. Regional biotic...

78 FR 21648 - Consolidated Tape Association; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of the Seventeenth...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-11

... subscribers pay for Network B last sale information under the CTA Plan and for Network B quotation information under the CQ Plan into one monthly fee of $24.00 per device for both last sale information and quotation... both Plans was in 1995. The CTA Plan, pursuant to which markets collect and disseminate last sale price...

75 FR 78288 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-15

....00 (for options whose underlying stock's previous trading day's last sale price was less than or... last sale price was greater than $100) in premium in each of the front two expiration months and 80% of... trading day's last sale price was less than or equal to $100) and between $0.10 and $5.00 (for options...

Women authorship in radiology research in France: An analysis of the last three decades.

PubMed

Pyatigorskaya, N; Di Marco, L

2017-11-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of women authorship in France and to analyze the recent trends of the evolution of gender differences in French academic radiology. A retrospective bibliometric analysis was performed by searching for articles published in Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging (Diagn Interv Imaging) and in Journal de Radiologie (J Radiol) in Pubmed over the last three decades. For each of these articles, we determined the gender of the first and last author. The specific radiological field of each article was also determined. The proportion of women authors has significantly increased from 12% in 1984 to 34% in 2014 (P<0.0001) for the first authors and from 11% (11/96) in 1984 to 20% (38/193) in 2014 for last authors (P =0.03). Women authorship in Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging has increased over the last years together with the proportion of women first authors. However, the fraction of women last authors is still underrepresented. More women need to become leaders in radiological research to contribute to stimulate women authorship. Copyright © 2017 Éditions françaises de radiologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Late-life depressive symptoms, religiousness, and mood in the last week of life.

PubMed

Braam, Arjan W; Klinkenberg, Marianne; Galenkamp, Henrike; Deeg, Dorly J H

2012-01-01

Aim of the current study is to examine whether previous depressive symptoms modify possible effects of religiousness on mood in the last week of life. After-death interviews with proxy respondents of deceased sample members of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam provided information on depressed mood in the last week of life, as well as on the presence of a sense of peace with the approaching end of life. Other characteristics were derived from interviews with the sample members when still alive. Significant interactions were identified between measures of religiousness and previous depressive symptoms (CES-D scores) in their associations with mood in the last week of life. Among those with previous depressive symptoms, church-membership, church-attendance and salience of religion were associated with a greater likelihood of depressed mood in the last week of life. Among those without previous depressive symptoms, church-attendance and salience of religion were associated with a higher likelihood of a sense of peace. For older adults in the last phase of life, supportive effects of religiousness were more or less expected. Fore those with recent depressive symptoms, however, religiousness might involve a component of existential doubt.

Late-Life Depressive Symptoms, Religiousness, and Mood in the Last Week of Life

PubMed Central

Braam, Arjan W.; Klinkenberg, Marianne; Galenkamp, Henrike; Deeg, Dorly J. H.

2012-01-01

Aim of the current study is to examine whether previous depressive symptoms modify possible effects of religiousness on mood in the last week of life. After-death interviews with proxy respondents of deceased sample members of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam provided information on depressed mood in the last week of life, as well as on the presence of a sense of peace with the approaching end of life. Other characteristics were derived from interviews with the sample members when still alive. Significant interactions were identified between measures of religiousness and previous depressive symptoms (CES-D scores) in their associations with mood in the last week of life. Among those with previous depressive symptoms, church-membership, church-attendance and salience of religion were associated with a greater likelihood of depressed mood in the last week of life. Among those without previous depressive symptoms, church-attendance and salience of religion were associated with a higher likelihood of a sense of peace. For older adults in the last phase of life, supportive effects of religiousness were more or less expected. Fore those with recent depressive symptoms, however, religiousness might involve a component of existential doubt. PMID:22844587

Diagnostic yield of five minutes compared to three minutes hyperventilation during electroencephalography.

PubMed

Craciun, Laura; Varga, Edina Timea; Mindruta, Ioana; Meritam, Pirgit; Horváth, Zoltán; Terney, Daniella; Gardella, Elena; Alving, Jørgen; Vécsei, László; Beniczky, Sándor

2015-08-01

To investigate whether hyperventilation (HV) for 5min increases the diagnostic yield of electroencephalography (EEG) compared to 3min HV. data were evaluated from 1084 consecutive patients, from three European centres, referred to EEG on suspicion of epilepsy. Seizures and interictal EEG abnormalities precipitated during the first 3min and during the last 2min of the HV period (totally 5min) were determined. Eight hundred seventy-seven patients (81%) completed 5min HV. Seizures were precipitated during the first 3min of HV in 21 patients, and during the last 2min in four more patients. Interictal EEG abnormalities were precipitated in the first 3min of HV in 16 patients, and during the last 2min in 7 more patients. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures occurred in eight patients during the first 3min of HV and in two more patients during the last 2min. No adverse events occurred during the last 2min of HV, but eight patients (1%) stopped HV during the last 2min because they were not able to hyperventilate further. 16% of seizures and 30% of interictal EEG abnormalities triggered by HV occurred during the last 2min of HV, suggesting the clinical usefulness of prolonged hyperventilation for 5min. The vast majority of patients (99%) who are able to hyperventilate for 3min can complete 5min HV, without additional adverse events. Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

78 FR 47455 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-05

... Official Closing Price To Calculate the Market Order Trading Collar If There Is No Consolidated Last Sale... collar if there is no consolidated last sale price that trading day. The text of the proposed rule change...'') if there is no consolidated last sale price on that trading day. Pursuant to Rule 7.31(a)(1), during...

Tennessee and Florida: Continuity and Change in Long-Lasting State Performance Funding Systems for Higher Education. CCRC Brief. Number 43

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dougherty, Kevin J.; Natow, Rebecca S.

2010-01-01

This study analyzes changes over time in long-lasting state performance funding systems for higher education. It addresses two research questions: First, in what ways have long-lasting systems changed over time in funding levels, indicators used to allocate funds, and measures used for those indicators? Second, what political actors, actions, and…

The FMRFamide-Related Neuropeptide FLP-20 Is Required in the Mechanosensory Neurons during Memory for Massed Training in "C. elegans"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Chris; Timbers, Tiffany A.; Rose, Jacqueline K.; Bozorgmehr, Tahereh; McEwan, Andrea; Rankin, Catharine H.

2013-01-01

Lasting memories are likely to result from a lasting change in neurotransmission. In the nematode "Caenorhabditis elegans," spaced training with a tap stimulus induces habituation to the tap that lasts for greater than 24 h and is dependent on glutamate transmission, postsynaptic AMPA receptors, and CREB. Here we describe a distinct, presynaptic…

27 CFR 70.264 - Time return deemed filed and tax considered paid.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... under this section the last day prescribed for filing a return or paying any tax. (26 U.S.C. 6513) [T.D... return filed before the last day prescribed by law or regulations for the filing thereof shall be considered as filed on such last day. For purposes of section 6511(b) (2) and (c), payment of any portion of...

76 FR 11935 - Death of Army Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the Last Surviving American Veteran of World War I

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-03

... of Army Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the Last Surviving American Veteran of World War I By the... Corporal Frank W. Buckles, the last surviving American veteran of World War I, and in remembrance of the generation of American veterans of World War I, I hereby order, by the authority vested in me by the...

Known-Item Online Searches Employed by Scholars Using Surname Plus First, or Last, or First and Last Title Words.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kilgour, Frederick G.

2001-01-01

This experiment explores the effectiveness of retrieving the listing of a known-item book from the 3.6 million entry online catalog at the library of the University of Michigan using various combinations of author's name plus first and last title words. Discusses implications for the design of OPAC (online public access catalog) screens.…

The Effects of Dating Violence, Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behavior among a Diverse Sample of Illinois Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alleyne, Binta; Coleman-Cowger, Victoria H.; Crown, Laurel; Gibbons, Maya A.; Vines, Linda N.

2011-01-01

This study examines the relationship between dating violence, forced sexual intercourse (FSI), and four measures of sexual risk taking (i.e., age at first sex, number of recent (within the last three months) sex partners, alcohol/drug use at last sex, and condom use at last sex) among a sample of 1124 ethnically diverse sexually active adolescents…

BDNF Val66Met but not transcranial direct current stimulation affects motor learning after stroke.

PubMed

van der Vliet, Rick; Ribbers, Gerard M; Vandermeeren, Yves; Frens, Maarten A; Selles, Ruud W

tDCS is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has been reported to improve motor skill learning after stroke. However, the contribution of tDCS to motor skill learning has only been investigated in a small number of studies. In addition, it is unclear if tDCS effects are mediated by activity-dependent BDNF release and dependent on timing of tDCS relative to training. Investigate the role of activity-dependent BDNF release and timing of tDCS relative to training in motor skill learning. Double-blind, between-subjects randomized controlled trial of circuit tracing task improvement (ΔMotor skill) in 80 chronic stroke patients who underwent tDCS and were genotyped for BDNF Val66Met. Patients received either short-lasting tDCS (20 min) during training (short-lasting online group), long-lasting tDCS (10 min-25 min break - 10 min) one day before training (long-lasting offline group), short-lasting tDCS one day before training (short-lasting offline group), or sham tDCS. ΔMotor skill was defined as the skill difference on the circuit tracing task between day one and day nine of the study. Having at least one BDNF Met allele was found to diminish ΔMotor skill (β BDNF,Met  = -0.217 95%HDI = [-0.431 -0.0116]), indicating activity-dependent BDNF release is important for motor skill learning after stroke. However, none of the tDCS protocols affected ΔMotor skill (β Short-lasting,online  = 0.0908 95%HDI = [-0.227 0.403]; β Long-lasting,offline  = 0.0242 95%HDI = [-0.292 0.349]; β Short-lasting,offline  = -0.108 95%HDI = [-0.433 0.210]). BDNF Val66Met is a determinant of motor skill learning after stroke and could be important for prognostic models. tDCS does not modulate motor skill learning in our study and might be less effective than previously assumed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Teacher drug use: a response to occupational stress.

PubMed

Watts, W D; Short, A P

1990-01-01

Work-related stress is predicted to be correlated with wanting to leave the teaching profession and drug use. A stratified random sample of 500 Texas teachers was surveyed (56.5% responded), regarding working conditions, collegial and supervisory relationships, job satisfaction, rigidity of attitudes and drug use. Two-thirds of teachers may want to quit the profession, while 36.4 percent are likely to quit. Teachers report higher rates than a national sample of lifetime alcohol, amphetamine, and tranquilizer use and higher rates of alcohol use in the last year and last month. Selected measures of stress are correlated with drug use, particularly amphetamine use, over the lifetime, last year, and last month.

Nogo receptor 1 regulates formation of lasting memories.

PubMed

Karlén, Alexandra; Karlsson, Tobias E; Mattsson, Anna; Lundströmer, Karin; Codeluppi, Simone; Pham, Therese M; Bäckman, Cristina M; Ogren, Sven Ove; Aberg, Elin; Hoffman, Alexander F; Sherling, Michael A; Lupica, Carl R; Hoffer, Barry J; Spenger, Christian; Josephson, Anna; Brené, Stefan; Olson, Lars

2009-12-01

Formation of lasting memories is believed to rely on structural alterations at the synaptic level. We had found that increased neuronal activity down-regulates Nogo receptor-1 (NgR1) in brain regions linked to memory formation and storage, and postulated this to be required for formation of lasting memories. We now show that mice with inducible overexpression of NgR1 in forebrain neurons have normal long-term potentiation and normal 24-h memory, but severely impaired month-long memory in both passive avoidance and swim maze tests. Blocking transgene expression normalizes these memory impairments. Nogo, Lingo-1, Troy, endogenous NgR1, and BDNF mRNA expression levels were not altered by transgene expression, suggesting that the impaired ability to form lasting memories is directly coupled to inability to down-regulate NgR1. Regulation of NgR1 may therefore serve as a key regulator of memory consolidation. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of synaptic rearrangements that carry lasting memories may facilitate development of treatments for memory dysfunction.

Nogo receptor 1 regulates formation of lasting memories

PubMed Central

Karlén, Alexandra; Karlsson, Tobias E.; Mattsson, Anna; Lundströmer, Karin; Codeluppi, Simone; Pham, Therese M.; Bäckman, Cristina M.; Ögren, Sven Ove; Åberg, Elin; Hoffman, Alexander F.; Sherling, Michael A.; Lupica, Carl R.; Hoffer, Barry J.; Spenger, Christian; Josephson, Anna; Brené, Stefan; Olson, Lars

2009-01-01

Formation of lasting memories is believed to rely on structural alterations at the synaptic level. We had found that increased neuronal activity down-regulates Nogo receptor-1 (NgR1) in brain regions linked to memory formation and storage, and postulated this to be required for formation of lasting memories. We now show that mice with inducible overexpression of NgR1 in forebrain neurons have normal long-term potentiation and normal 24-h memory, but severely impaired month-long memory in both passive avoidance and swim maze tests. Blocking transgene expression normalizes these memory impairments. Nogo, Lingo-1, Troy, endogenous NgR1, and BDNF mRNA expression levels were not altered by transgene expression, suggesting that the impaired ability to form lasting memories is directly coupled to inability to down-regulate NgR1. Regulation of NgR1 may therefore serve as a key regulator of memory consolidation. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of synaptic rearrangements that carry lasting memories may facilitate development of treatments for memory dysfunction. PMID:19915139

Long-lasting D-region ionospheric modifications, caused by intense lightning in association with elve and sprite pairs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haldoupis, Christos; Cohen, Morris; Cotts, Benjamin; Arnone, Enrico; Inan, Umran

2012-08-01

Observations show that intense +CG lightning discharges which trigger both an elve and a sprite are associated with long-lasting conductivity modifications in the upper D-region ionosphere. They are observed as strong perturbations in VLF signals propagating through the disturbed region, manifested as LOng Recovery Early VLF events (LORE), which can last up to 30 minutes. These same ionospheric modifications are also responsible for step-like changes, seen mostly in off-storm VLF transmissions, which offset signal levels even for longer times. The evidence suggests that when a very intense positive cloud to ground lightning stroke leads to an elve and a high altitude sprite, and possibly a sprite halo as well, there is production of long lasting elevations in electron density at VLF reflection heights that cause LOREs and severe effects on VLF propagation. The present results confirm past predictions and postulations that elves may be accompanied by long-lasting electron density perturbations in the lower ionosphere.

Method and allocation device for allocating pending requests for data packet transmission at a number of inputs to a number of outputs of a packet switching device in successive time slots

DOEpatents

Abel, Francois [Rueschlikon, CH; Iliadis, Ilias [Rueschlikon, CH; Minkenberg, Cyriel J. A. [Adliswil, CH

2009-02-03

A method for allocating pending requests for data packet transmission at a number of inputs to a number of outputs of a switching system in successive time slots, including a matching method including the steps of providing a first request information in a first time slot indicating data packets at the inputs requesting transmission to the outputs of the switching system, performing a first step in the first time slot depending on the first request information to obtain a first matching information, providing a last request information in a last time slot successive to the first time slot, performing a last step in the last time slot depending on the last request information and depending on the first matching information to obtain a final matching information, and assigning the pending data packets at the number of inputs to the number of outputs based on the final matching information.

Major advance of South Georgia glaciers during the Antarctic Cold Reversal following extensive sub-Antarctic glaciation

PubMed Central

Graham, Alastair G. C.; Kuhn, Gerhard; Meisel, Ove; Hillenbrand, Claus-Dieter; Hodgson, Dominic A.; Ehrmann, Werner; Wacker, Lukas; Wintersteller, Paul; dos Santos Ferreira, Christian; Römer, Miriam; White, Duanne; Bohrmann, Gerhard

2017-01-01

The history of glaciations on Southern Hemisphere sub-polar islands is unclear. Debate surrounds the extent and timing of the last glacial advance and termination on sub-Antarctic South Georgia in particular. Here, using sea-floor geophysical data and marine sediment cores, we resolve the record of glaciation offshore of South Georgia through the transition from the Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene. We show a sea-bed landform imprint of a shelf-wide last glacial advance and progressive deglaciation. Renewed glacier resurgence in the fjords between c. 15,170 and 13,340 yr ago coincided with a period of cooler, wetter climate known as the Antarctic Cold Reversal, revealing a cryospheric response to an Antarctic climate pattern extending into the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. We conclude that the last glaciation of South Georgia was extensive, and the sensitivity of its glaciers to climate variability during the last termination more significant than implied by previous studies. PMID:28303885

Detection of a dynamic topography signal in last interglacial sea-level records

PubMed Central

Austermann, Jacqueline; Mitrovica, Jerry X.; Huybers, Peter; Rovere, Alessio

2017-01-01

Estimating minimum ice volume during the last interglacial based on local sea-level indicators requires that these indicators are corrected for processes that alter local sea level relative to the global average. Although glacial isostatic adjustment is generally accounted for, global scale dynamic changes in topography driven by convective mantle flow are generally not considered. We use numerical models of mantle flow to quantify vertical deflections caused by dynamic topography and compare predictions at passive margins to a globally distributed set of last interglacial sea-level markers. The deflections predicted as a result of dynamic topography are significantly correlated with marker elevations (>95% probability) and are consistent with construction and preservation attributes across marker types. We conclude that a dynamic topography signal is present in the elevation of last interglacial sea-level records and that the signal must be accounted for in any effort to determine peak global mean sea level during the last interglacial to within an accuracy of several meters. PMID:28695210

Coralgal reef morphology records punctuated sea-level rise during the last deglaciation.

PubMed

Khanna, Pankaj; Droxler, André W; Nittrouer, Jeffrey A; Tunnell, John W; Shirley, Thomas C

2017-10-19

Coralgal reefs preserve the signatures of sea-level fluctuations over Earth's history, in particular since the Last Glacial Maximum 20,000 years ago, and are used in this study to indicate that punctuated sea-level rise events are more common than previously observed during the last deglaciation. Recognizing the nature of past sea-level rises (i.e., gradual or stepwise) during deglaciation is critical for informing models that predict future vertical behavior of global oceans. Here we present high-resolution bathymetric and seismic sonar data sets of 10 morphologically similar drowned reefs that grew during the last deglaciation and spread 120 km apart along the south Texas shelf edge. Herein, six commonly observed terrace levels are interpreted to be generated by several punctuated sea-level rise events forcing the reefs to shrink and backstep through time. These systematic and common terraces are interpreted to record punctuated sea-level rise events over timescales of decades to centuries during the last deglaciation, previously recognized only during the late Holocene.

Medicare Hospital Charges in the Last Year of Life: Distribution by Quarter for Rural and Urban Nursing Home Decedents with Cognitive Impairment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gessert, Charles E.; Haller, Irina V.

2008-01-01

Background: Medicare beneficiaries incur 27%-30% of lifetime charges in the last year of life; most charges occur in the last quarter. Factors associated with high end-of-life Medicare charges include less advanced age, non-white race, absence of advance directive, and urban residence. Methods: We analyzed Medicare hospital charges in the last…

27 CFR 70.306 - Time for performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or... performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday... falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, such act shall be considered performed timely if...

27 CFR 70.306 - Time for performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return where last day...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return where last day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or... performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return where last day falls on Saturday, Sunday... falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, such act shall be considered performed timely if...

27 CFR 70.306 - Time for performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or... performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday... falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, such act shall be considered performed timely if...

27 CFR 70.306 - Time for performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or... performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday... falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, such act shall be considered performed timely if...

27 CFR 70.306 - Time for performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday, Sunday, or... performance of acts other than payment of tax or filing of any return when the last day falls on Saturday... falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, such act shall be considered performed timely if...

29 CFR 37.21 - How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? 37.21 Section 37.21 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor...'s obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? (a) Where the WIA Title I...

29 CFR 37.21 - How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? 37.21 Section 37.21 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor...'s obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? (a) Where the WIA Title I...

29 CFR 37.21 - How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? 37.21 Section 37.21 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor...'s obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? (a) Where the WIA Title I...

29 CFR 37.21 - How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? 37.21 Section 37.21 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor...'s obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? (a) Where the WIA Title I...

29 CFR 37.21 - How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false How long will the recipient's obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? 37.21 Section 37.21 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor...'s obligation under the assurance last, and how broad is the obligation? (a) Where the WIA Title I...

Improvement of open and semi-open core wall system in tall buildings by closing of the core section in the last story

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kheyroddin, A.; Abdollahzadeh, D.; Mastali, M.

2014-09-01

Increasing number of tall buildings in urban population caused development of tall building structures. One of the main lateral load resistant systems is core wall system in high-rise buildings. Core wall system has two important behavioral aspects where the first aspect is related to reduce the lateral displacement by the core bending resistance and the second is governed by increasing of the torsional resistance and core warping of buildings. In this study, the effects of closed section core in the last story have been considered on the behavior of models. Regarding this, all analyses were performed by ETABS 9.2.v software (Wilson and Habibullah). Considering (a) drift and rotation of the core over height of buildings, (b) total and warping stress in the core body, (c) shear in beams due to warping stress, (d) effect of closing last story on period of models in various modes, (e) relative displacement between walls in the core system and (f) site effects in far and near field of fault by UBC97 spectra on base shear coefficient showed that the bimoment in open core is negative in the last quarter of building and it is similar to wall-frame structures. Furthermore, analytical results revealed that closed section core in the last story improves behavior of the last quarter of structure height, since closing of core section in the last story does not have significant effect on reducing base shear value in near and far field of active faults.

The biologic error in gestational length related to the use of the first day of last menstrual period as a proxy for the start of pregnancy.

PubMed

Nakling, Jakob; Buhaug, Harald; Backe, Bjorn

2005-10-01

In a large unselected population of normal spontaneous pregnancies, to estimate the biologic variation of the interval from the first day of the last menstrual period to start of pregnancy, and the biologic variation of gestational length to delivery; and to estimate the random error of routine ultrasound assessment of gestational age in mid-second trimester. Cohort study of 11,238 singleton pregnancies, with spontaneous onset of labour and reliable last menstrual period. The day of delivery was predicted with two independent methods: According to the rule of Nägele and based on ultrasound examination in gestational weeks 17-19. For both methods, the mean difference between observed and predicted day of delivery was calculated. The variances of the differences were combined to estimate the variances of the two partitions of pregnancy. The biologic variation of the time from last menstrual period to pregnancy start was estimated to 7.0 days (standard deviation), and the standard deviation of the time to spontaneous delivery was estimated to 12.4 days. The estimate of the standard deviation of the random error of ultrasound assessed foetal age was 5.2 days. Even when the last menstrual period is reliable, the biologic variation of the time from last menstrual period to the real start of pregnancy is substantial, and must be taken into account. Reliable information about the first day of the last menstrual period is not equivalent with reliable information about the start of pregnancy.

[Survey of the use of long-lasting expanding gases in ophthalmology in Japan].

PubMed

Sakamoto, Taiji; Hida, Tetsuo; Tano, Yasuo; Negi, Akira; Takeuchi, Shinobu; Ishibashi, Tatsuro; Inoue, Yoshitsugu; Ohguro, Nobuyuki; Okada, Annabelle Ayame

2008-01-01

To survey the use of long-lasting expanding gases in ophthalmology in Japan. A questionnaire was sent to 1,236 teaching hospitals approved by the Japanese Ophthalmological Society requesting information regarding indications, methods, efficacy and complications related to the use of long-lasting expanding gases administered from January through December 2005. Four-hundred and fifty-nine hospitals responded to the survey (response rate 37.1%). A total of 174,221 ophthalmic surgeries were performed during the survey period, with long-lasting expanding gases used in 19,816 of cases (11.4%). The surgical procedure was vitrectomy in 89.6% of cases in which gas was administered. The most frequent indication for gas use was rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, for which SF6 was the preferred gas. Industrial use gas was utilized in 76.1% of cases, while 22.4% of cases received medical use gas. Increase in intraocular pressure was the most common complication of intraocular gas tamponade (3121 cases, 15.7%), followed by cataract formation. Ninety-eight percent of ophthalmologists responding supported the use of long-lasting expanding gases with vitrectomy, 85% with scleral buckling procedures, and 84% with surgery to remove subretinal hemorrhage. The consensus was that substantial deterioration of surgical results would occur if long-lasting expanding gases could not be used. Long-lasting expanding gases are being widely administered in ophthalmology in Japan, and appear to have good efficacy for a variety of indications. Several complications related to the use of these gases were reported, however the rates of complications were low.

Last and corresponding authorship practices in ecology.

PubMed

Duffy, Meghan A

2017-11-01

Authorship is intended to convey information regarding credit and responsibility for manuscripts. However, while there is general agreement within ecology that the first author is the person who contributed the most to a particular project, there is less agreement regarding whether being last author is a position of significance and regarding what is indicated by someone being the corresponding author on a manuscript. Using an analysis of papers published in American Naturalist , Ecology , Evolution, and Oikos, I found that: (1) the number of authors on papers is increasing over time; (2) the proportion of first authors as corresponding author has increased over time, as has the proportion of last authors as corresponding author; (3) 84% of papers published in 2016 had the first author as corresponding author; and (4) geographic regions differed in the likelihood of having the first (or last) author as corresponding author. I also carried out an online survey to better understand views on last and corresponding authorship. This survey revealed that most ecologists view the last author as the "senior" author on a paper (i.e., the person who runs the research group in which most of the work was carried out), and most ecologists view the corresponding author as the person taking full responsibility for a paper. However, there was substantial variation in views on authorship, especially corresponding authorship. Given these results, I suggest that discussions of authorship have as their starting point that the first author will be corresponding author and the senior author will be last author. I also suggest ways of deciding author order in cases where two senior authors contributed equally.

Religiousness and mood in the last week of life: an explorative approach based on after-death proxy interviews.

PubMed

Braam, Arjan W; Klinkenberg, Marianne; Deeg, Dorly J H

2011-01-01

Although religiousness may, to a certain extent, be expected to alleviate emotional suffering in the last week of life, some religious beliefs might also provoke emotional distress. For the current study, after-death interviews with proxy respondents of deceased sample members of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam provided information on depressive mood and anxiety in the last week of life, as well as on the presence of a sense of peace at the approaching end of life. Proxy respondents also were asked about serious physical symptoms in the last week of life of the respondent, the respondent's cognitive decline, and their estimate of the salience of religion for the sample member. Other characteristics were derived from the last interviews with the sample members when still alive: depressive symptoms, chronic diseases, religious affiliation, church attendance, belief in Heaven, belief in Hell, and salience of religion. None of the characteristics of religiousness was significantly associated with depressive mood or anxiety, as estimated by the proxy respondent. A sense of peace, however, was predicted by higher church attendance, belief in Hell (among church-members), and the proxy's estimate of the salience of religion. It can be concluded that religiousness did not affect depressive mood or anxiety in the last week of life in the current sample. It is possible that religiousness supports a sense of peace, which may be a more-existential facet of mood and is discussed as relevant in the last phase of life and in palliative care.

Comparison between electro-acupuncture and hydrotherapy, both in combination with patient education and patient education alone, on the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip.

PubMed

Stener-Victorin, Elisabet; Kruse-Smidje, Carina; Jung, Kerstin

2004-01-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) and hydrotherapy, both in combination with patient education or with patient education alone, in the treatment of osteoarthritis in the hip. Forty-five patients, aged 42-86 years, with radiographic changes consistent with osteoarthritis in the hip, pain related to motion, pain on load, and ache were chosen. They were randomly allocated to EA, hydrotherapy, both in combination with patient education, or patient education alone. Outcome measures were the disability rating index (DRI), global self-rating index (GSI), and visual analogue scale (VAS). Assessments were done before the intervention and immediately after the last treatment and 1, 3, and 6 months after the last treatment. Pain related to motion and pain on load was reduced up to 3 months after last the treatment in the hydrotherapy group and up to 6 months in the EA group. Ache during the day was significantly improved in both the EA and hydrotherapy group up to 3 months after the last treatment. Ache during the night was reduced in the hydrotherapy group up to 3 months after the last treatment and in the EA group up to 6 months after. Disability in functional activities was improved in EA and hydrotherapy groups up to 6 months after the last treatment. Quality of life was also improved in EA and hydrotherapy groups up to 3 months after the last treatment. There were no changes in the education group alone. In conclusion, EA and hydrotherapy, both in combination with patient education, induce long-lasting effects, shown by reduced pain and ache and by increased functional activity and quality of life, as demonstrated by differences in the pre- and post-treatment assessments.

Light/dark phase-dependent spontaneous activity is maintained in dopamine-deficient mice.

PubMed

Fujita, Masayo; Hagino, Yoko; Takeda, Taishi; Kasai, Shinya; Tanaka, Miho; Takamatsu, Yukio; Kobayashi, Kazuto; Ikeda, Kazutaka

2017-10-16

Dopamine is important for motor control and involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm. We previously found that dopamine-deficient (DD) mice became hyperactive in a novel environment 72 h after the last injection of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) when dopamine was almost completely depleted. DD mice did not initially exhibit hyperactivity in their home cages, but the animals exhibited hyperactivity several hours after the last L-DOPA injection. The regulation of motor activity in a novel environment and in home cages may be different. A previous study reported that DD mice became active again approximately 24 h after the last L-DOPA injection. One speculation was that light/dark phase-dependent spontaneous activity might be maintained despite dopamine deficiency. The present study investigated whether spontaneous home cage activity is maintained in DD mice 24-43 h and 72-91 h after the last L-DOPA injection. Spontaneous activity was almost completely suppressed during the light phase of the light/dark cycle in DD mice 24 and 72 h after the last L-DOPA injection. After the dark phase began, DD mice became active 24 and 72 h after the last L-DOPA injection. DD mice exhibited a similar amount of locomotor activity as wildtype mice 24 h after the last L-DOPA injection. Although DD mice presented a decrease in activity 72 h after the last L-DOPA injection, they maintained dark phase-stimulated locomotor activation. Despite low levels of dopamine in DD mice, they exhibited feeding behavior that was similar to wildtype mice. Although grooming and rearing behavior significantly decreased, DD mice retained their ability to perform these activities. Haloperidol treatment significantly suppressed all of these behaviors in wildtype mice but not in DD mice. These results indicate that DD mice maintain some aspects of light/dark phase-dependent spontaneous activity despite dopamine depletion, suggesting that compensatory dopamine-independent mechanisms might play a role in the DD mouse phenotype.

Validity of gestational age estimates by last menstrual period and neonatal examination compared to ultrasound in Vietnam.

PubMed

Deputy, Nicholas P; Nguyen, Phuong H; Pham, Hoa; Nguyen, Son; Neufeld, Lynnette; Martorell, Reynaldo; Ramakrishnan, Usha

2017-01-11

Accurate estimation of gestational age is important for both clinical and public health purposes. Estimates of gestational age using fetal ultrasound measurements are considered most accurate but are frequently unavailable in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of last menstrual period and Farr neonatal examination estimates of gestational age, compared to ultrasound estimates, in a large cohort of women in Vietnam. Data for this analysis come from a randomized, placebo-controlled micronutrient supplementation trial in Vietnam. We analyzed 912 women with ultrasound and prospectively-collected last menstrual period estimates of gestational age and 685 women with ultrasound and Farr estimates of gestational age. We used the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test to assess differences in gestational age estimated by last menstrual period or Farr examination compared to ultrasound and computed the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) to quantify agreement between methods. We computed the Kappa coefficient (κ) to quantify agreement in preterm, term and post-term classification. The median gestational age estimated by ultrasound was 273.9 days. Gestational age was slightly overestimated by last menstrual period (median 276.0 days, P < 0.001) and more greatly overestimated by Farr examination (median 286.7 days, P < 0.001). Gestational age estimates by last menstrual period and ultrasound were moderately correlated (ICC = 0.78) and concordant (CCC = 0.63), whereas gestational age estimates by Farr examination and ultrasound were weakly correlated (ICC = 0.26) and concordant (CCC = 0.05). Last menstrual period and ultrasound estimates of gestational age were within ± 14 days for 88.4% of women; Farr and ultrasound estimates were within ± 14 days for 55.8% of women. Last menstrual period and ultrasound estimates of gestational age had higher agreement in term classification (κ = 0.41) than Farr and ultrasound (κ = 0.05). In this study of women in Vietnam, we found last menstrual period provided a more accurate estimate of gestational age than the Farr examination when compared to ultrasound. These findings provide useful information about the utility and accuracy of different methods to estimate gestational age and suggest last menstrual period may be preferred over Farr examination in settings where ultrasound is unavailable. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.Gov as NCT01665378 on August 13, 2012.

Keeping the Dogs in the Fight: What Combatant Commanders Need to Know about MWDs

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-20

Manhattan Project that Bombed,” Public Integrity, Last modified August 2011, http://www.publicintegrity.org/2011/03/27/3799/jieddo- manhattan - project -bombed...Carey, Peter. “JIEDDO: The Manhattan Project that Bombed.” Public Integrity. Last modified August 2011. http://www.publicintegrity.org/2011/03/27...3799/jieddo- manhattan - project -bombed. Community Marines. “MCO 5580.2B.” Last modified August 2008. http://community.marines.mil/news

Adapting to wildfire: Moving beyond homeowner risk perceptions to taking action

Treesearch

Patricia Champ

2017-01-01

Champ’s presentation focused on how to get homeowners to take action to protect their properties from fire. She framed this challenge as a last-mile problem, which is a concept from the literature on supply chain. The last mile is the end of the supply chain where a product is transferred to the customer. The last mile is often the most difficult part of the entire...

Improving the light output power of DUV-LED by introducing an intrinsic last quantum barrier interlayer on the high-quality AlN template

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, Chia-Lung; Liu, Hsueh-Hsing; Chen, Jun-Wei; Lu, Chien-Pin; Ikenaga, Kazutada; Tabuchi, Toshiya; Matsumoto, Koh; Fu, Yi-Keng

2017-12-01

We demonstrate that the light output power of deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV-LEDs) can be improved by introducing an intrinsic last quantum barrier interlayer to a high quality AlN template. The light output power of the DUV-LEDs can be doubled by substituting the last quantum barrier with an intrinsic last quantum barrier (u-LQB)/Mg-doped LQB for only pure u-LQB in the same thickness with a 35 A/cm2 injection current. It is believed that the improved performance of the DUV LED could be attributed to the decreased diffusion of Mg tunneling into MQW and the reduction of sub-band parasitic emissions.

Evidence for the timing and duration of the last interglacial period from high-precision uranium-series ages of corals on tectonically stable coastlines

USGS Publications Warehouse

Muhs, D.R.

2002-01-01

The last interglacial period has a timing and duration that can be estimated from U-series dating of emergent, coral-bearing deposits on tectonically stable coastlines. High-precision dating from Bermuda, the Bahamas, Hawaii, and Australia suggests that the last interglacial period had a sea level at least as high as present from ???128,000 to 116,000 yr B.P. Sea level reached a near-present level more quickly after the close of the penultimate glacial period than at the close of the last glacial period and the duration of high sea level is longer than that implied by the deep-sea record. ?? 2002 University of Washington.

Pink light emitting long-lasting phosphorescence in Sm 3+-doped CdSiO 3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lei, Bingfu; Liu, Yingliang; Liu, Jie; Ye, Zeren; Shi, Chunshan

2004-04-01

Novel pink light emitting long-lasting afterglow CdSiO 3:Sm 3+ phosphors are prepared by the conventional high-temperature solid-state method and their luminescent properties are investigated. XRD and photoluminescence (PL) spectra are used to characterize the synthesized phosphors. The phosphors are well crystallized by calcinations at 1050°C for 5 h. These phosphors emit pink light and show long-lasting phosphorescence after they are excited with 254 nm ultraviolet light. The phosphorescence lasts for nearly 5 h in the light perception of the dark-adapted human eye (0.32 mcd/m 2). The phosphorescence mechanism is also investigated. All the results indicate that these phosphors have promising potential practical applications.

Long-Term Evaluation of Bibliographic Instruction: Lasting Encouragement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Person, Roland

1981-01-01

This longitudinal study of a one-semester credit course of bibliographic instruction for undergraduates reveals lasting student appreciation that frequently increases following course completion. (RAA)

Spastic long-lasting reflexes in the awake rat after sacral spinal cord injury.

PubMed

Bennett, D J; Sanelli, L; Cooke, C L; Harvey, P J; Gorassini, M A

2004-05-01

Following chronic sacral spinal cord transection in rats the affected tail muscles exhibit marked spasticity, with characteristic long-lasting tail spasms evoked by mild stimulation. The purpose of the present paper was to characterize the long-lasting reflex seen in tail muscles in response to electrical stimulation of the tail nerves in the awake spastic rat, including its development with time and relation to spasticity. Before and after sacral spinal transection, surface electrodes were placed on the tail for electrical stimulation of the caudal nerve trunk (mixed nerve) and for recording EMG from segmental tail muscles. In normal and acute spinal rats caudal nerve trunk stimulation evoked little or no EMG reflex. By 2 wk after injury, the same stimulation evoked long-lasting reflexes that were 1) very low threshold, 2) evoked from rest without prior EMG activity, 3) of polysynaptic latency with >6 ms central delay, 4) about 2 s long, and 5) enhanced by repeated stimulation (windup). These reflexes produced powerful whole tail contractions (spasms) and developed gradually over the weeks after the injury (< or =52 wk tested), in close parallel to the development of spasticity. Pure low-threshold cutaneous stimulation, from electrical stimulation of the tip of the tail, also evoked long-lasting spastic reflexes, not seen in acute spinal or normal rats. In acute spinal rats a strong C-fiber stimulation of the tip of the tail (20 x T) could evoke a weak EMG response lasting about 1 s. Interestingly, when this C-fiber stimulation was used as a conditioning stimulation to depolarize the motoneuron pool in acute spinal rats, a subsequent low-threshold stimulation of the caudal nerve trunk evoked a 300-500 ms long reflex, similar to the onset of the long-lasting reflex in chronic spinal rats. A similar conditioned reflex was not seen in normal rats. Thus there is an unusually long low-threshold polysynaptic input to the motoneurons (pEPSP) that is normally inhibited by descending control. This pEPSP is released from inhibition immediately after injury but does not produce a long-lasting reflex because of a lack of motoneuron excitability. With chronic injury the motoneuron excitability is increased markedly, and the pEPSP then triggers sustained motoneuron discharges associated with long-lasting reflexes and muscle spasms.

Canadian Rural-urban Differences in End-of-life Care Setting Transitions

PubMed Central

Wilson, Donna M.; Thomas, Roger; Burns, Katharina Kovacs; Hewitt, Jessica A.; Jane, Osei-Waree; Sandra, Robertson

2012-01-01

Few studies have focused on the care setting transitions that occur in the last year of life. A three part mixed-methods study was conducted to gain an understanding of the number and implications or impact of care setting transitions in the last year of life for rural Canadians. Provincial health services utilization data, national online survey data, and local qualitative interview data were analyzed to gain general and specific information for consideration. Rural Albertans had significantly more healthcare setting transitions than urbanites in the last year of life (M=4.2 vs 3.3). Online family respondents reported 8 moves on average occurred for family members in the last year of life. These moves were most often identified (65%) on a likert-type scale as “very difficult,” with the free text information revealing these trips were often emotionally painful for themselves and physically painful for their ill family member. Eleven informants were then interviewed until data saturation, with constant-comparative data analysis conducted for a more in-depth understanding of rural transitions. Moving from place to place for needed care in the last year of life was identified as common and concerning for rural people and their families, with three data themes developing: (a) needed care in the last year of life is scattered across many places, (b) travelling is very difficult for terminally-ill persons and their caregivers, and (c) local rural services are minimal. These findings indicate planning is needed to avoid unnecessary end-of-life care setting transitions and to make needed moves for essential services in the last year of life less costly, stressful, and socially disruptive for rural people and their families. PMID:22980372

Association between maternal age at childbirth and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2012.

PubMed

Shin, Jae Eun; Han, Kyung Do; Shin, Jong Chul; Lee, Young; Kim, Sa Jin

2017-02-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between maternal age at childbirth and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. We carried out a cross-sectional study on 3,956 Korean postmenopausal women who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between maternal age at first and last childbirth and metabolic syndrome, with adjustment for potential confounding variables. Women with metabolic syndrome had younger age at first delivery (23.3 ± 0.1 vs 24.4 ± 0.1 y, P < 0.001) and an older age at last delivery (30.8 ± 0.1 vs 30.3 ± 0.1 y, P = 0.011) than those without metabolic syndrome. After adjustments for confounding factors, earlier ages of first and last childbirth were positively associated with metabolic syndrome. The odds ratio (OR) was 2.157 (95% CI 1.256-3.705) for age at first childbirth, and 1.639 (95% CI 1.118-2.403) for age at last childbirth. Among the components of metabolic syndrome, only fasting glucose was positively associated with early age at first childbirth (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.065-3.249) and early age at last childbirth (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.197-2.444). A younger maternal age at first and last childbirth was independently associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Advanced maternal age at last childbirth was, however, not an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

Predictive model accuracy in estimating last Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) intake from plasma and whole blood cannabinoid concentrations in chronic, daily cannabis smokers administered subchronic oral THC.

PubMed

Karschner, Erin L; Schwope, David M; Schwilke, Eugene W; Goodwin, Robert S; Kelly, Deanna L; Gorelick, David A; Huestis, Marilyn A

2012-10-01

Determining time since last cannabis/Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure is important in clinical, workplace, and forensic settings. Mathematical models calculating time of last exposure from whole blood concentrations typically employ a theoretical 0.5 whole blood-to-plasma (WB/P) ratio. No studies previously evaluated predictive models utilizing empirically-derived WB/P ratios, or whole blood cannabinoid pharmacokinetics after subchronic THC dosing. Ten male chronic, daily cannabis smokers received escalating around-the-clock oral THC (40-120 mg daily) for 8 days. Cannabinoids were quantified in whole blood and plasma by two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Maximum whole blood THC occurred 3.0 h after the first oral THC dose and 103.5h (4.3 days) during multiple THC dosing. Median WB/P ratios were THC 0.63 (n=196), 11-hydroxy-THC 0.60 (n=189), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) 0.55 (n=200). Predictive models utilizing these WB/P ratios accurately estimated last cannabis exposure in 96% and 100% of specimens collected within 1-5h after a single oral THC dose and throughout multiple dosing, respectively. Models were only 60% and 12.5% accurate 12.5 and 22.5h after the last THC dose, respectively. Predictive models estimating time since last cannabis intake from whole blood and plasma cannabinoid concentrations were inaccurate during abstinence, but highly accurate during active THC dosing. THC redistribution from large cannabinoid body stores and high circulating THCCOOH concentrations create different pharmacokinetic profiles than those in less than daily cannabis smokers that were used to derive the models. Thus, the models do not accurately predict time of last THC intake in individuals consuming THC daily. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

Diachronous high-latitude North Atlantic temperature evolution across the last interglaciation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carlson, A. E.; He, F.; Clark, P. U.

2017-12-01

A direct response of Northern Hemisphere temperatures to last interglacial boreal summer insolation forcing and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration would predict early interglacial warmth followed by a gradual cooling trend across the last interglaciation (128-116 ka). In contrast, some Labrador and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian (GIN) sea surface temperature (SST) records show relatively cool early last-interglacial SSTs followed by warming in the latter part of the interglaciation. This phenomenon has sometimes been attributed to meltwater forcing from continued retreat of the Greenland ice sheet through the last interglaciation that suppressed North Atlantic overturning circulation, in agreement with proxy records. Here we investigate this observation with the first fully-coupled transient general circulation model simulation of the last interglacial period using CCSM3. Termination II deglacial meltwater forcing is stopped at 129 ka and the subsequent simulation is forced by changing orbital parameters and atmospheric greenhouse gases. We find that Labrador and GIN SSTs remain relatively cool followed by warming to peak interglacial temperatures after 124 ka. We show that this delayed warming is due to reduced convection in the GIN sea, despite a cessation of meltwater forcing at 129 ka, with convection onset at 124 ka and attendant sea-ice retreat in response to orbital- and greenhouse gas-forcing alone. Our results demonstrate that delayed high-latitude North Atlantic SST warming during the last interglaciation does not necessitate meltwater forcing from the Greenland ice sheet, rectifying the apparent disconnect between a small meltwater forcing (<2.5 m of sea-level rise over 8 ka, or <0.004 Sverdrups into the Labrador and GIN seas) and a relatively large North Atlantic overturning response.

Advances in Telemetry Capability as Demonstrated on an Affordable Precision Mortar

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

of high rate data and then broadcasting it over the rest of the flight test. Lastly an on-board data storage implementation using a MicroSD card is...broadcasting it over the rest of the flight test. Lastly an on- board data storage implementation using a MicroSD card is presented. KEY WORDS...the flight test. Lastly an on-board data storage implementation using a MicroSD card is presented. 2 GPS INTEGRATION Although ARL has

AirLand Battle and Tactical Command and Control Automation,

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-07

Army Tactical Command and Control System (ATCCS) are the primary subjects of the last period. The precepts of AirLand Battle doctrine are examined to...AirLand Battle and the Army Tactical Command and Control System (ATCCS) are thE primary subjects of the last period. The precepts of AirLand Battle...centralized control is identified. AirLand Battle and the Army Tactical Command and Control System (ATCCS) are the primary subjects of the last

Paleoclimate of the Earth and solar activity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dergachev, V. A.

2017-09-01

The paper focuses on climate variations caused by the orbital effect and solar activity over the last one million years and oscillations (warming or cooling) of the climate since the last ice age retreat. Attention is paid to a significant discrepancy in the trend of global temperature change during the modern interglacial epoch (Holocene) obtained by various methods. A long-term cooling trend was observed in the summer temperature of the Northern Hemisphere during the last 2000 years.

The History of Tree and Shrub Taxa on Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) since the Last Interglacial Uncovered by Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Pollen Data

PubMed Central

Raschke, Elena; Epp, Laura S.; Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen R.; Schwamborn, Georg; Herzschuh, Ulrike

2017-01-01

Ecosystem boundaries, such as the Arctic-Boreal treeline, are strongly coupled with climate and were spatially highly dynamic during past glacial-interglacial cycles. Only a few studies cover vegetation changes since the last interglacial, as most of the former landscapes are inundated and difficult to access. Using pollen analysis and sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) metabarcoding, we reveal vegetation changes on Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island since the last interglacial from permafrost sediments. Last interglacial samples depict high levels of floral diversity with the presence of trees (Larix, Picea, Populus) and shrubs (Alnus, Betula, Ribes, Cornus, Saliceae) on the currently treeless island. After the Last Glacial Maximum, Larix re-colonised the island but disappeared along with most shrub taxa. This was probably caused by Holocene sea-level rise, which led to increased oceanic conditions on the island. Additionally, we applied two newly developed larch-specific chloroplast markers to evaluate their potential for tracking past population dynamics from environmental samples. The novel markers were successfully re-sequenced and exhibited two variants of each marker in last interglacial samples. SedaDNA can track vegetation changes as well as genetic changes across geographic space through time and can improve our understanding of past processes that shape modern patterns. PMID:29027988

Age at Last Birth in Relation to Risk of Endometrial Cancer: Pooled Analysis in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium

PubMed Central

Setiawan, Veronica Wendy; Pike, Malcolm C.; Karageorgi, Stalo; Deming, Sandra L.; Anderson, Kristin; Bernstein, Leslie; Brinton, Louise A.; Cai, Hui; Cerhan, James R.; Cozen, Wendy; Chen, Chu; Doherty, Jennifer; Freudenheim, Jo L.; Goodman, Marc T.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Lacey, James V.; Liang, Xiaolin; Lissowska, Jolanta; Lu, Lingeng; Lurie, Galina; Mack, Thomas; Matsuno, Rayna K.; McCann, Susan; Moysich, Kirsten B.; Olson, Sara H.; Rastogi, Radhai; Rebbeck, Timothy R.; Risch, Harvey; Robien, Kim; Schairer, Catherine; Shu, Xiao-Ou; Spurdle, Amanda B.; Strom, Brian L.; Thompson, Pamela J.; Ursin, Giske; Webb, Penelope M.; Weiss, Noel S.; Wentzensen, Nicolas; Xiang, Yong-Bing; Yang, Hannah P.; Yu, Herbert; Horn-Ross, Pamela L.; De Vivo, Immaculata

2012-01-01

Childbearing at an older age has been associated with a lower risk of endometrial cancer, but whether the association is independent of the number of births or other factors remains unclear. Individual-level data from 4 cohort and 13 case-control studies in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium were pooled. A total of 8,671 cases of endometrial cancer and 16,562 controls were included in the analysis. After adjustment for known risk factors, endometrial cancer risk declined with increasing age at last birth (Ptrend < 0.0001). The pooled odds ratio per 5-year increase in age at last birth was 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.85, 0.90). Women who last gave birth at 40 years of age or older had a 44% decreased risk compared with women who had their last birth under the age of 25 years (95% confidence interval: 47, 66). The protective association was similar across the different age-at-diagnosis groups and for the 2 major tumor histologic subtypes (type I and type II). No effect modification was observed by body mass index, parity, or exogenous hormone use. In this large pooled analysis, late age at last birth was independently associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer, and the reduced risk persisted for many years. PMID:22831825

Clearance of chrysotile asbestos from human lung

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Churg, A.; DePaoli, L.

1988-01-01

In contrast to amphibole asbestos, chrysotile asbestos fails to accumulate in human lungs. The reason for this phenomenon is not known. To examine this problem, we extracted chrysotile and tremolite fibers from the lungs of 11 chrysotile miners and millers whose last exposure was within 2 years of death and 12 chrysotile miners and millers whose last exposure was greater than 12 years (7 with last exposure 12-15 years and 5 with last exposure 22-25 years) before death. Fibers were extracted by bleach digestion, and concentrations, compositions, and sizes were determined by analytical electron microscopy. Native UICC Canadian chrysotile wasmore » used as a composition standard. Compared to the standard, there was minor loss of magnesium at 2 years and additional very slight loss after 12 years. The ratio of chrysotile to tremolite concentration did not change with time. There was also no evidence of increasing fiber length with time from last exposure. These data indicate that accumulation of amphibole compared to chrysotile in human lungs does not reflect either long-term dissolution of chrysotile or long-term preferential clearance of chrysotile compared to amphibole. Contrary to results of animal studies, fiber length in humans does not increase with time since last exposure. These findings imply that the failure of chrysotile to accumulate in human lungs reflects events that occur early after exposure rather than long-term clearance mechanisms.« less

Arctic Ocean sea ice cover during the penultimate glacial and the last interglacial.

PubMed

Stein, Ruediger; Fahl, Kirsten; Gierz, Paul; Niessen, Frank; Lohmann, Gerrit

2017-08-29

Coinciding with global warming, Arctic sea ice has rapidly decreased during the last four decades and climate scenarios suggest that sea ice may completely disappear during summer within the next about 50-100 years. Here we produce Arctic sea ice biomarker proxy records for the penultimate glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 6) and the subsequent last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5e). The latter is a time interval when the high latitudes were significantly warmer than today. We document that even under such warmer climate conditions, sea ice existed in the central Arctic Ocean during summer, whereas sea ice was significantly reduced along the Barents Sea continental margin influenced by Atlantic Water inflow. Our proxy reconstruction of the last interglacial sea ice cover is supported by climate simulations, although some proxy data/model inconsistencies still exist. During late Marine Isotope Stage 6, polynya-type conditions occurred off the major ice sheets along the northern Barents and East Siberian continental margins, contradicting a giant Marine Isotope Stage 6 ice shelf that covered the entire Arctic Ocean.Coinciding with global warming, Arctic sea ice has rapidly decreased during the last four decades. Here, using biomarker records, the authors show that permanent sea ice was still present in the central Arctic Ocean during the last interglacial, when high latitudes were warmer than present.

Effect of delivery season on subsequent birth interval in early 20th century in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nonaka, K.

1989-12-01

Questionnaires of birth dates of family members (13 404 families in total) were analyzed in order to examine the effects of delivery season of a baby on the subsequent birth interval. Deliveries at maternal age of 20 34 years were used. In 1921 1935, the mothers who had been delivered of a baby in August October showed the shortest (30.62 months geometric mean) and those in February April the longest (34.05 months) non-last intervals, with a highly significant difference among the four delivery seasons ( P<0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test, n=5678). Although the intervals were abruptly prolonged just before the last birth, the above difference was also consistent in the last intervals. When seasonal distributions of last and non-last births were compared, last births tended to be concentrated in the summer half of a year ( P<0.05) in 1921 1935. In 1951 1965, overall geometric mean of the interval shortened to 28.44 months, and the length of intervals did not differ appreciably according to the season of preceding delivery. Deliveries in late summer (August October) in 1921 1935, therefore, were associated with increased risk of termination of reproduction, on one hand, but a lowered chance of prolongation of the subsequent interval, on the other hand. Possible environmental factors are discussed to explain this apparently paradoxical phenomenon.

Periodical climate variations and their impact on Earth rotation for the last 800Kyr

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chapanov, Yavor; Gambis, Daniel

2010-05-01

The Earth rotation variations are highly affected by climatic variations associated with the glacial cycles in the late Pleistocene. The processes of glaciation, followed by ice melting, are connected with significant changes of the mean sea level. These processes redistribute great amount of water masses between oceans and ice sheets, which lead to changes of the axial moment of inertia and corresponding variations of the Universal Time UT1 and Length of Day LOD, according to the law of angular momentum conservation. The climatic variations for the last 800Kyr are analyzed by means of time series of temperature changes, determined by deuterium data from Antarctica ice core. Reconstructed glacial sea level variations for the last 380Kyr, determined by the sediments from the Red sea, are used, too. Common periodicities of the temperature and mean sea level variations are determined. Time series of the long-periodical UT1 and LOD oscillations for the last 380Kyr and 800Kyr are reconstructed by means of empirical hydrological model of global water redistribution between the ocean and ice sheets during the last glacial events.

[Ambulatory pediatric surgery: 25 years of experience].

PubMed

González Landa, G; Sánchez-Ruiz, I; Prado, C; Azcona, I; Sánchez, C

2000-10-01

The objectives of this study are: collect 25 years of experience with ambulatory pediatric surgery in The Pediatric Surgery Service of Hospital de Cruces, present the results of a parents-patient satisfaction survey and show the estimated money savings in the last five years. In the period 1973-1997, 19,934 children (56% of the total surgical cases) were operated with ambulatory surgery, and have been grouped in five quinquenia, showing a constant increase of the percentage of ambulatory surgery. General surgery and ENT are the specialities that more frequently uses this type of surgery (72.4% and 68.6% of the surgical cases of each speciality, respectively, in the last ten years). In general surgery inguinal hernia is the most frequent diagnosis with an increase of orchidopexy in the last five years. ENT is doing ambulatory tonsilectomies in the last ten years. The prolonged recovery stay and unanticipated admissions are rare, usually due to vomiting. The parents satisfaction survey shows great acceptancy, although 13% preferred an overnight postoperative stay. The estimated money saved in the last quinquenia has been important.

Getting Over It: Long-Lasting Effects of Emotion Regulation on Amygdala Response.

PubMed

Denny, Bryan T; Inhoff, Marika C; Zerubavel, Noam; Davachi, Lila; Ochsner, Kevin N

2015-09-01

Little is known about whether emotion regulation can have lasting effects on the ability of a stimulus to continue eliciting affective responses in the future. We addressed this issue in this study. Participants cognitively reappraised negative images once or four times, and then 1 week later, they passively viewed old and new images, so that we could identify lasting effects of prior reappraisal. As in prior work, active reappraisal increased prefrontal responses but decreased amygdala responses and self-reported emotion. At 1 week, amygdala responses remained attenuated for images that had been repeatedly reappraised compared with images that had been reappraised once, new control images, and control images that had been seen as many times as reappraised images but had never been reappraised. Prefrontal activation was not selectively elevated for repeatedly reappraised images and was not related to long-term attenuation of amygdala responses. These results suggest that reappraisal can exert long-lasting "dose-dependent" effects on amygdala response that may cause lasting changes in the neural representation of an unpleasant event's emotional value. © The Author(s) 2015.

Time and resource limits on working memory: cross-age consistency in counting span performance.

PubMed

Ransdell, Sarah; Hecht, Steven

2003-12-01

This longitudinal study separated resource demand effects from those of retention interval in a counting span task among 100 children tested in grade 2 and again in grades 3 and 4. A last card large counting span condition had an equivalent memory load to a last card small, but the last card large required holding the count over a longer retention interval. In all three waves of assessment, the last card large condition was found to be less accurate than the last card small. A model predicting reading comprehension showed that age was a significant predictor when entered first accounting for 26% of the variance, but counting span accounted for a further 22% of the variance. Span at Wave 1 accounted for significant unique variance at Wave 2 and at Wave 3. Results were similar for math calculation with age accounting for 31% of the variance and counting span accounting for a further 34% of the variance. Span at Wave 1 explained unique variance in math at Wave 2 and at Wave 3.

Deglacial Meltwater Pulse Recorded in Last Interglacial Mollusk Shells from Bermuda

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winkelstern, I. Z.; Rowe, M. P.; Lohmann, K. C.; Defliese, W.; Petersen, S. V.; Brewer, A. W.

2016-12-01

Iceberg scours as far south as the Florida Strait and the presence of ice rafted debris in sediments from the Bermuda Rise indicate that during the last glacial phase icebergs traveled quite far south during episodes of excessive iceberg discharge from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (Heinrich Events). We present evidence that the effects of these events extended southward into the subtropics during the previous deglaciation (Termination-II), potentially aligned with Heinrich Event 11, and that meltwater reached Bermuda. Temperatures 10° C colder and seawater δ18O values 2 ‰ more negative than modern are derived from Last Interglacial Cittarium pica shells from Grape Bay, Bermuda using the clumped isotope paleothermometer. In contrast, Last Interglacial shells from Rocky Bay record temperatures only slightly colder and seawater δ18O values similar to modern, potentially representing more typical Last Interglacial conditions in Bermuda outside of a meltwater event. The cold ocean conditions observed illustrate extreme sensitivity of Bermudian climate to rapid climate and ocean circulation changes. They also provide further evidence for routine meltwater transport in the North Atlantic to near-equatorial latitudes during deglaciation.

Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction

MedlinePlus

... condition as adults. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction may be acute, occurring suddenly and lasting a short time, or it may be chronic, or long lasting. Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, also called Ogilvie syndrome or ...

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Science.gov Websites

System Award for developing a tool that has had a lasting influence on computing. Project Jupyter evolved lasting influence on computing. Project Jupyter evolved from IPython, an effort pioneered by Fernando PÃ

Interpretation of the Last Chance thrust, Death Valley region, California, as an Early Permian décollement in a previously undeformed shale basin

USGS Publications Warehouse

Stevens, Calvin H.; Stone, Paul

2005-01-01

We interpret the Last Chance thrust as similar in many ways to Appalachian-type décollements in which the zone of thrusting is localized along a shale interval. The Last Chance thrust, however, has been dismembered during later geologic events so that its original geometry has been obscured. Our model may have unrecognized analogs in other structurally complex shale basins in which the initial deformation was along a major shale unit.

Example Level 1 Ada/SQL (Structured Query Language) System Software

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-09-01

PUTLINE ("EMPNAME JOB SALARY COMMISSION"); loop FETCH ( CURSOR ); INTO ( VEMP NAME , STR LAST ); T LEN INTEGER (STR LAST - V EMP NAME’FIRST + 1); for I in 1...begin PUT_LINE ("EMPNAME JOB SALARY DEPT"); loop FETCH (CURSOR); INTO ( VEMP NAME , STRLAST ); T_LEN := INTEGER (STRLAST - V_EMPNAME’FIRST + 1); for I in...NUMBERS OPEN ( CURSOR ); begin PUT_LINE ("EMP_NAME SALARY JOB"); loop FETCH ( CURSOR ); INTO ( VEMP NAME , STRLAST ); T_LEN := INTEGER (STR_LAST

East Europe Report, Economic and Industrial Affairs, No. 2447

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-09-14

capitaiper year . The production of eggs also fell by 340 million, that is, by 21 percent. Restrictions on cocoa bean imports caused a drop in the...17,000 tons in 1982. Last year Poland planned to supply to the United States a total of around 120,000 tons of metallurgical items, but it supplied in...than the machines. A tool which should last 10 years sometimes lasts half that time. It is simple—a poor man and a fool buy twice. I would see

Natural Language Interactions with Artificial Experts

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-07-01

description. Such a belief is revealed when a noun phrase is used in particular con- texts. For example, for Q to ask the question “Which French ...majors failed CIS531 last term?” Q would have to believe that: 1) CIS531 was given last term, 2) there are French majors, and 3) there are French majors...the user’s part and responds accordingly; e.g., User: Which French majors failed CIS531 last term? System: I do not know of any French majors

JPRS Report Science & Technology Europe Economic Competitiveness.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-10-06

than that of the other six countries, but even lower than the EC average for the same year (1.95 percent). According to a survey carried out by the...last year surveyed ), it ranks last even in civil R&D with an expenditure of 1.1 percent compared to an EC average of 1.7 percent. Getting back to...up to 1985. From 1985 to 1987, the trend reversed with income exceeding expenditure, but from 1987 to 1989 (the last year surveyed ) the trend

10 CFR 712.32 - Designated Physician.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... disorder or drug dependency or abuse since the last designation; or (6) Occurrence, since the last designation, of a physical, mental/personality disorder, or health condition that might affect his or her...

10 CFR 712.32 - Designated Physician.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... disorder or drug dependency or abuse since the last designation; or (6) Occurrence, since the last designation, of a physical, mental/personality disorder, or health condition that might affect his or her...

10 CFR 712.32 - Designated Physician.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... disorder or drug dependency or abuse since the last designation; or (6) Occurrence, since the last designation, of a physical, mental/personality disorder, or health condition that might affect his or her...

10 CFR 712.32 - Designated Physician.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... disorder or drug dependency or abuse since the last designation; or (6) Occurrence, since the last designation, of a physical, mental/personality disorder, or health condition that might affect his or her...

38 CFR 3.500 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... last payment when reason for apportionment no longer exists. (2) Where pension was apportioned under... is later. (l) Guardian, marriage or divorce of (§ 3.856). Date of last payment (pending receipt of...

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Robert.Grumbine@noaa.gov. Last modified 2 July 2012. Return to NCEP Marine Modeling and Analysis Branch Home Page Webmaster Disclaimer Credits Glossary Privacy Policy About Us Career Opportunities Page last modified

[Developmental course of patients with Asperger's disorder followed objectively from infancy].

PubMed

Yoshioka, Mieko; Isaka, Masako

2012-01-01

This follow-up study evaluated cognitive and language development in Asperger's disorder (AD) patients diagnosed at the age of 5 to 6 years, with initial complaints of delays in motor or language development in infancy. We evaluated 12 patients (10 males and 2 females) using two intelligence tests:Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001 (K-scale) for those under 6 years, and WISC-III for those over 5-6 years. The cognitive-adaptive area (C-A) of the former test was compared to the performance IQ (PIQ) of the latter test, and the language-social area (L-S) of the former to verbal IQ (VIQ) of the latter. The mean age at the first examination was 3.2 years (range:2.1-4.6 years), and the average age at follow-up was 7.7 years (range:5.3-12.3 years). The average length of follow-up from the initial visit was 5.6 years (range:3.3-8.6 years). During follow-up, the PIQ, VIQ and full scale DQ or IQ (F-DQ/IQ) improved with age. Average scores of the 12 patients at the first examination and last follow-up evaluated by K-scale were:C-A:70.6 (first) and 84.5 (last), L-S:64.8 (first) and 85.8 (last), and F-DQ:68.5 (first) and 84.8 (last). Compared to those with AD, 12 autistic patients with the Kanner type (10 males and 2 females) who visited our clinic during almost the same period, and belonged to almost the same age group, showed average scores at the first examination and last follow-up of:C-A: 61.9 (first) and43.3 (last), L-S:43.0 (first) and43.4 (last), and F-DQ:60.2 (first) and44.5 (last). From these observations, it is apparent that AD patients also showed language delay during infancy, but they improved rapidly between the ages of 4-6 years. This developmental spurt was not seen in autistic patients with the Kanner type.

Sensitive skin is highly frequent in extrinsic atopic dermatitis and correlates with disease severity markers but not necessarily with skin barrier impairment.

PubMed

Yatagai, Tsuyoshi; Shimauchi, Takatoshi; Yamaguchi, Hayato; Sakabe, Jun-Ichi; Aoshima, Masahiro; Ikeya, Shigeki; Tatsuno, Kazuki; Fujiyama, Toshiharu; Ito, Taisuke; Ojima, Toshiyuki; Tokura, Yoshiki

2018-01-01

Sensitive skin is a condition of cutaneous hypersensitivity to environmental factors. Lactic acid stinging test (LAST) is commonly used to assess sensitive skin and composed of four distinct sensations (pain, burning sensation, itch, and crawly feeling). A link between sensitive skin and barrier dysfunction has been proposed in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. However, clinical and laboratory factors that are associated with sensitive skin remain unelucidated. To investigate relationship between sensitive skin and AD-associated markers. Forty-two Japanese AD patients and 10 healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled. AD patients were divided into extrinsic (EAD; high IgE levels) and intrinsic (IAD; normal IgE levels) types. We conducted 1% LAST by assessing the four distinct sensations and calculated the frequencies of sensitive skin in EAD, IAD, and HS. We also performed clinical AD-related tests, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), visual analogue scale (VAS) of pruritus, and quality of life, and measured laboratory markers, including blood levels of IgE, CCL17/TARC, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and eosinophil counts, and concentration levels of serum Th1/Th2 cytokines. Filaggrin (FLG) mutations were examined in 21 patients. These values were subjected to correlation analyses with each of the four sensation elements. According to the standard criteria for LAST positivity, the frequencies of LAST-positive subjects were 54.8% and 10.0% in AD and HS, respectively (P=0.014). EAD patients showed a significantly (P=0.026) higher frequency of positive LAST (65.6%) than did IAD patients (20.0%). Among the four LAST sensation elements, the crawly feeling and pain scores positively correlated with VAS of pruritus, total serum IgE, mite-specific IgE, CCL17/TARC, and/or LDH. There was no association of the LAST scores with serum Th1/Th2 cytokine levels. Notably, neither TEWL nor FLG mutations correlated with LAST positivity or any sensation scores. The frequency of sensitive skin is higher in EAD than in IAD. Sensitive skin is associated with AD severity, but not necessarily with barrier condition. Copyright © 2017 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Trends in Authorship of Articles in Major Ophthalmology Journals by Gender, 2002-2014.

PubMed

Mimouni, Michael; Zayit-Soudry, Shiri; Segal, Ori; Barak, Yoreh; Nemet, Arie Y; Shulman, Shiri; Geffen, Noa

2016-08-01

To evaluate trends in the prevalence of women authors in ophthalmology in recent years. Cohort study. Authors listed in publications of 6 leading ophthalmology journals between January 2002 and December 2014. Using the PubMed search engine, we conducted an observational study of trends in gender distribution of all authors in 6 leading ophthalmology journals between January 2002 and December 2014. In multiauthored articles, the first listed author often is the lead investigator and the last author is the senior author. Therefore, the full names and positions (first, middle, or last) of all authors in every article were collected. A Google-based name identifier was used to assign the gender of authors. Proportion of women authors throughout the study period in all journals, general ophthalmology versus subspecialty journals, and basic science versus clinical research journals. Furthermore, we assessed the proportion of women in different authorship positions (first, middle, and last). A total of 102 254 authors from 23 026 published articles were analyzed. There was a significant rise over time in the percentage of women authors, with a steeper slope for first authors than for last authors (P<0.001), although in 2014, women authors were less than the 50% mark in all categories of authorship. The rise in the percentage of women authors was similar in basic and clinical research, but was steeper for first authorship than for last authorship (P<0.001). In all 3 authorship positions (first, middle, or last), women's contributions consistently were higher in basic research publications. The rise in the percentage of women authors was significantly steeper for general journals than for subspecialty journals (P<0.001). There was no significant rise for last authorship in subspecialty journals. In all 3 authorship positions, the proportion of women was consistently higher in general ophthalmology journals than for subspecialty journals. Despite an overall increase in the contribution of women to the field of ophthalmology, contributions to articles published in subspecialty ophthalmology journals and the proportion of women listed as last authors on overall articles published in ophthalmology journals are still low. Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Climatic records of the last and penultimate deglaciations in the South Atlantic and South Indian Ocean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Michel, Elisabeth; Waelbroeck, Claire; Govin, Aline; Skinner, Luke; Vàzquez Riveiros, Natalia; Dewilde, Fabien; Isguder, Gulay; Rebaubier, Hélène

2013-04-01

Surface and deep-water records of Termination I and II in two twin South Atlantic deep-sea cores (44°09' S, 14°14' W, 3770 m depth) and one South Indian core (46°29' S, 88°01' E, 3420 m depth) are presented. Sea surface temperature has been reconstructed based on planktonic foraminifera census counts in all cases, as well as Mg/Ca of G. bulloides and N. pachyderma s. over the last deglaciation. The uncertainty on reconstructed SST using different statistical methods and different faunal databases is assessed. Over the last deglaciation, combined 14C dating and correlation of the SST record with the air temperature signal recorded in Antarctic ice cores allowed us to correct for variable surface reservoir ages in the South Atlantic core (Skinner et al., 2010). Preliminary dating of the South Indian core over the last termination has been done by correlation of its magnetic signal with those of a neighboring 14C dated core (Smart et al., 2010). We have refined the later age scale using the Atlantic core age scale as reference. Benthic isotopic signals in the South Atlantic and South Indian cores over the last deglaciation exhibit the same amplitude and timing. Our results thus indicate that bottom waters at the South Indian site remained isolated from better ventilated deep waters of northern origin until ~15 ka (Waelbroeck et al., 2011). Over Termination II, the two cores have been dated by correlation of their SST records with the air temperature signal recorded in EDC versus the EDC3 age scale (Govin et al., 2009; 2012). A careful examination of the various sources of uncertainty on the derived dating has been performed. Benthic and planktonic isotopic signals reveal analogies but also differences with respect to the last termination. SST was significantly warmer during the Last Interglacial than during the Holocene in both sites. South Atlantic deep waters were also significantly better ventilated during the Last Interglacial than during the Holocene, whereas bottom water ventilation was similar during these two interglacials at the South Indian site.

Cancer and Women

MedlinePlus

... Radon What We Know What States Can Do Case Study: Reducing Radon in Illinois What Comprehensive Cancer Control ... ePub file RIS file Page last reviewed: May 1, 2018 Page last updated: May 1, 2018 Content ...

First Lightning Flashes on Saturn

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-04-14

NASA Cassini spacecraft captured the first lightning flashes on Saturn. The storm that generated the lightning lasted from January to October 2009, making it the longest-lasting lightning storm known in the solar system.

What Is Rape and Date Rape?

MedlinePlus

... nurse, or a doctor's office. What about self-defense? Stranger rape and date rape are never the ... safe? What are some ways to practice self-defense? Content last reviewed September 22, 2009 Page last ...

A National Test of Taste and Smell

MedlinePlus

... Javascript on. Feature: Taste, Smell, Hearing, Language, Voice, Balance At Last: A National Test of Taste and ... smell. Read More "Taste, Smell, Hearing, Language, Voice, Balance" Articles At Last: A National Test of Taste ...

Extent of the last ice sheet in northern Scotland tested with cosmogenic 10Be exposure ages

USGS Publications Warehouse

Phillips, W.M.; Hall, A.M.; Ballantyne, C.K.; Binnie, S.; Kubik, P.W.; Freeman, S.

2008-01-01

The extent of the last British-Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS) in northern Scotland is disputed. A restricted ice sheet model holds that at the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ca. 23-19 ka) the BIIS terminated on land in northern Scotland, leaving Buchan, Caithness and the Orkney Islands ice-free. An alternative model implies that these three areas were ice-covered at the LGM, with the BIIS extending offshore onto the adjacent shelves. We test the two models using cosmogenic 10Be surface exposure dating of erratic boulders and glacially eroded bedrock from the three areas. Our results indicate that the last BIIS covered all of northern Scotland during the LGM, but that widespread deglaciation of Caithness and Orkney occurred prior to rapid warming at ca. 14.5 ka. Copyright ?? 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[The last melancholia of Alonso Quijano, the Righteous].

PubMed

Chiappo, L

1994-03-01

In Cervantes' immortal novel, "Don Quixote" is the nom de guerre that Alonso Quijano--a honest Spanish yeoman nicknamed "The Upright One"--adopts under the spell of insanity that has lured him into being a knight rider. A psycho-spiritual analysis of Don Quixote's return to mental health is presented, covering the time-span between Don Quixote's coming back to this native village and his last days. By way of a "historical diagnosis", the author proposes some clinical explanations: Goodman Quijano's last illness might have been a plasmodium falciparum-caused malaria; malaria, however did not contribute to reinstate soundmindedness (as per Wagner von Jauregg's therapeutic criteria, for example). Goodman Quijano's last fit of melancholy disclosed contempu mundi in him, a renunciation giving way to a joyful lucidity--in other words, a psychological awakening to a sublime conscience level of genuine spiritual characteristics.

How long do the short-term violent video game effects last?

PubMed

Barlett, Christopher; Branch, Omar; Rodeheffer, Christopher; Harris, Richard

2009-01-01

How long do the effects of the initial short-term increase in aggression and physiological arousal last after violent video game play? Study 1 (N=91) had participants complete pre- and postvideo game measures of aggressive thoughts, aggressive feelings, and heart rate. Then, participants completed Time 3 measures after 4 min or 9 min of delay. Study 2 employed a similar procedure, but had participants (N=91) complete the hot sauce paradigm to assess aggressive behavior after a 0, 5, or 10 min delay. First, results indicated that aggressive feelings, aggressive thoughts, aggressive behavior, and heart rate initially increased after violent video game play. Second, results of the delay condition revealed that the increase in aggressive feelings and aggressive thoughts lasted less than 4 min, whereas heart rate and aggressive behavior lasted 4-9 min. Copyright 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Effects of a youth substance use prevention program on stealing, fighting, and weapon use.

PubMed

Nieri, Tanya; Apkarian, Jacob; Kulis, Stephen; Marsiglia, Flavio Francisco

2015-02-01

Using a sample of sixth graders in 11 public schools in a large Southwestern city, this longitudinal study examined how a model substance use prevention program, keepin' it REAL, that was implemented in 7th grade, influenced three other problem behaviors (fighting, weapon use, stealing), measured in 8th grade. Using a non-equivalent control group design, we compared 259 students in the intervention to 322 students in a treatment-as-usual condition. At baseline, 37% of the sample reported fighting in the last 30 days; 31% reported stealing in the last 30 days, and 16% reported using a weapon in the last 30 days. Regression analyses adjusted for students nested in schools through multi-level modeling and for missing data through multiple imputation. We found that at posttest the rates of all three behaviors were lower in the intervention group than the control group at posttest: 35 versus 37% got into a fight in the last 30 days; 24 versus 31% stole something in the last 30 days; and 16 versus 25% used a weapon in the last 30 days. The program impact for fighting and stealing was not statistically significant and involved minimal effect sizes. The program impact for weapon use was not statistically significant but had an effect size comparable to that for other problem behavior interventions. Promoting positive development via life skills may be a key to broadening program impact.

Effects of a youth substance use prevention program on stealing, fighting, and weapon use

PubMed Central

Nieri, Tanya; Apkarian, Jacob; Kulis, Stephen; Marsiglia, Flavio Francisco

2014-01-01

Using a sample of sixth graders in 11 public schools in a large Southwestern city, this longitudinal study examined how a model substance use prevention program, keepin’ it REAL, that was implemented in 7th grade, influenced three other problem behaviors (fighting, weapon use, stealing), measured in 8th grade. Using a non-equivalent control group design, we compared 259 students in the intervention to 322 students in a treatment-as-usual condition. At baseline, 37% of the sample reported fighting in the last 30 days; 31% reported stealing in the last 30 days, and 16% reported using a weapon in the last 30 days. Regression analyses adjusted for students nested in schools through multi-level modeling and for missing data through multiple imputation. We found that at posttest the rates of all three behaviors were lower in the intervention group than the control group at posttest: 35% versus 37% got into a fight in the last 30 days; 24% versus 31% stole something in the last 30 days; and 16% versus 25% used a weapon in the last 30 days. The program impact for fighting and stealing was not statistically significant and involved minimal effect sizes. The program impact for weapon use was not statistically significant but had an effect size comparable to that for other problem behavior interventions. Promoting positive development via life skills may be a key to broadening program impact. PMID:25352527

Gender trends of urology manuscript authors in the United States: a 35-year progression.

PubMed

Weiss, Dana A; Kovshilovskaya, Bogdana; Breyer, Benjamin N

2012-01-01

The presence of women in urology has gradually increased in the last 35 years with an accelerated rate in the last decade. We evaluated manuscript authorship trends by gender. Manuscript authorship is a metric that has been used as a marker of academic productivity. We hypothesized that the number of first and last author publications by women has increased proportionately to the number of women in the field during the last 35 years. We performed a bibliometric study to examine authorship gender in The Journal of Urology® and Urology®. We reviewed all original articles published from American institutions in 1974, 1979, 1984, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009. Of the 8,313 articles reviewed 5,461 were from American institutions, including 97.5% for which we determined author gender. There were 767 articles with female authors, including 440 first and 327 last authors. First and last female authorship increased from 2.7% of all authors in 1979 to 26.5% in 2009 (test for trend p <0.001). This authorship rate surpasses the rate of growth of women in urology, which increased from 0.24% in 1975 to 6.2% in 2008. Based on authorship gender analysis women urologists produce manuscripts at a rate that exceeds their number in the field. Findings show that women in urology are productive, active members of the academic community. Copyright © 2012 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Depressive disorder in the last phase of life in patients with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and COPD: data from a 20-year follow-up period in general practice.

PubMed

Warmenhoven, Franca; Bor, Hans; Lucassen, Peter; Vissers, Kris; van Weel, Chris; Prins, Judith; Schers, Henk

2013-05-01

Depression is assumed to be common in chronically ill patients during their last phase of life and is associated with poorer outcomes. The prevalence of depression is widely varying in previous studies due to the use of different terminology, classification, and assessment methods. To explore the reported incidence of depressive disorder, as registered in the last phase of life of patients who died from cardiovascular disease, cancer or COPD, in a sample of primary care patients. A historic cohort study, using a 20-year period registration database of medical records in four Dutch general practices (a dynamic population based on the Continuous Morbidity Registration database). Medical history of the sample cohort was analysed for the diagnosis of a new episode of depressive disorder and descriptive statistics were used. In total 982 patients were included, and 19 patients (1.9%) were diagnosed with a new depressive disorder in the last year of their life. The lifetime prevalence of depressive disorder in this sample was 8.2%. The incidence of depressive disorder in the last phase of life is remarkably low in this study. These data were derived from actual patient care in general practice. Psychiatric diagnoses were made by GPs in the context of both patient needs and delivered care. A broader concept of depression in general practice is recommended to improve the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders in patients in the last phase of life.

Geomagnetic field secular variation in Pacific Ocean: A Bayesian reference curve based on Holocene Hawaiian lava flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tema, E.; Herrero-Bervera, E.; Lanos, Ph.

2017-11-01

Hawaii is an ideal place for reconstructing the past variations of the Earth's magnetic field in the Pacific Ocean thanks to the almost continuous volcanic activity during the last 10 000 yrs. We present here an updated compilation of palaeomagnetic data from historic and radiocarbon dated Hawaiian lava flows available for the last ten millennia. A total of 278 directional and 66 intensity reference data have been used for the calculation of the first full geomagnetic field reference secular variation (SV) curves for central Pacific covering the last ten millennia. The obtained SV curves are calculated following recent advances on curve building based on the Bayesian statistics and are well constrained for the last five millennia while for older periods their error envelopes are wide due to the scarce number of reference data. The new Bayesian SV curves show three clear intensity maxima during the last 3000 yrs that are accompanied by sharp directional changes. Such short-term variations of the geomagnetic field could be interpreted as archaeomagnetic jerks and could be an interesting feature of the geomagnetic field variation in the Pacific Ocean that should be further explored by new data.

Extrapolar climate reversal during the last deglaciation.

PubMed

Asmerom, Yemane; Polyak, Victor J; Lachniet, Matthew S

2017-08-02

Large ocean-atmosphere and hydroclimate changes occurred during the last deglaciation, although the interplay between these changes remains ambiguous. Here, we present a speleothem-based high resolution record of Northern Hemisphere atmospheric temperature driven polar jet variability, which matches the Greenland ice core records for the most of the last glacial period, except during the last deglaciation. Our data, combined with data from across the globe, show a dramatic climate reversal during the last deglaciation, which we refer to as the Extrapolar Climate Reversal (ECR). This is the most prominent feature in most tropical and subtropical hydroclimate proxies. The initiation of the ECR coincides with the rapid rise in CO 2 , in part attributed to upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the near collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. We attribute the ECR to upwelling of cold deep waters from the Southern Ocean. This is supported by a variety of proxies showing the incursion of deep Southern Ocean waters into the tropics and subtropics. Regional climate variability across the extropolar regions during the interval previously referred to as the "Mystery Interval" can now be explained in the context of the ECR event.

Contrasting population histories of the deep-sea demersal fish, Lycodes matsubarai, in the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk.

PubMed

Sakuma, Kay; Ueda, Yuji; Hamatsu, Tomonori; Kojima, Shigeaki

2014-06-01

Recent studies have revealed the impact of the drastic climate change during the last glacial period on coastal marine and anadromous species in the marginal seas of the northwestern Pacific Ocean; however, its influence on deep-sea species remains poorly understood. To compare the effects of the last glacial period on populations from the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk, we examined the mitochondrial control region and cytochrome b gene sequences of Lycodes matsubarai, a deepsea demersal fish that inhabits these two seas. Our results showed clear genetic differentiation of populations between the two seas. The populations may have diverged during the last glacial period, probably as a result of vicariance due to the drastic sea level change. The population in the Sea of Okhotsk was larger than that in the Sea of Japan, but suddenly decreased after the last glacial period. However, the Sea of Japan population expanded after the last glacial period, coincident with high levels of oxygenation in deep-sea areas. These results elucidate regional-scale impacts of climate change on deep-sea organisms.

24 CFR 180.405 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... following the act, event, or default and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... be added to the prescribed time period for filing any responsive pleading. Documents are not filed...

24 CFR 180.405 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... following the act, event, or default and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... be added to the prescribed time period for filing any responsive pleading. Documents are not filed...

24 CFR 180.405 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... following the act, event, or default and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... be added to the prescribed time period for filing any responsive pleading. Documents are not filed...

Insomnia

MedlinePlus

... can last for years. Common causes of chronic insomnia include: Stress. Concerns about work, school, health, finances or family ... stress. Stressful times and events can cause temporary insomnia. And major or long-lasting stress can lead to chronic insomnia. You don't ...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

emissions comparison of heavy duty vehicles as captured by the Clean Cities Program. Last update February emissions comparison of light duty vehicles as captured by the Clean Cities Program. Last update February

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

gas emissions comparison of heavy duty vehicles as captured by the Clean Cities Program. Last update gas emissions comparison of light duty vehicles as captured by the Clean Cities Program. Last update

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

and technology types from 1994-2015 Last update March 2017 View Graph Graph Download Data of displacement by all fuel and technology types from 1994-2015 Last update March 2017 View Graph

Training alignment parameters for arbitrary sequencers with LAST-TRAIN.

PubMed

Hamada, Michiaki; Ono, Yukiteru; Asai, Kiyoshi; Frith, Martin C

2017-03-15

LAST-TRAIN improves sequence alignment accuracy by inferring substitution and gap scores that fit the frequencies of substitutions, insertions, and deletions in a given dataset. We have applied it to mapping DNA reads from IonTorrent and PacBio RS, and we show that it reduces reference bias for Oxford Nanopore reads. the source code is freely available at http://last.cbrc.jp/. mhamada@waseda.jp or mcfrith@edu.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press.

The evolution of the treatment of esophageal achalasia: a look at the last two decades.

PubMed

Allaix, Marco E; Herbella, Fernando A; Patti, Marco G

2012-09-01

Thanks to the development of minimally invasive surgery, the last 20 years have witnessed a revolution in the treatment of benign esophageal disorders, particularly for esophageal achalasia. This has brought a shift in the treatment algorithm of this disease, as today a laparoscopic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplication is considered the primary form of treatment in most Centers in North America. This article reviews the evolution of the treatment of esophageal achalasia during the last two decades, with particular stress on the key technical elements of this operation.

Relationship of liking of one's given names to self-esteem and social desirability.

PubMed

Joubert, C E

1991-12-01

59 men and 108 women university students rated their first, middle, and last names on seven-point Likert scales. Also, they responded to the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory and the Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability Scale. Analysis indicated significant sex differences only on the self-esteem measure. Both men and women who scored higher in self-esteem liked their first, middle, and last names better. Persons who had stronger preferences for their own first or last names tended to score higher on social desirability.

The influence of lower limb amputation level on the approach in the amputee long jump.

PubMed

Nolan, Lee; Lees, Adrian

2007-02-15

In this study, we investigated the adjustments to posture, kinematic and temporal characteristics of performance made by lower limb amputees during the last few strides in preparation for long jump take-off. Six male unilateral trans-femoral and seven male unilateral trans-tibial amputees competing in a World Championships final were filmed in the sagittal plane using a 100-Hz digital video camera positioned so that the last three strides to take-off were visible. After digitizing using a nine-segment model, a range of kinematic variables were computed to define technique characteristics. Both the trans-femoral and trans-tibial athletes appeared to achieve their reduction in centre of mass during the flight phase between strides, and did so mainly by extending the flight time by increasing stride length, achieved by a greater flexion of the hip joint of the touch-down leg. The trans-tibial athletes appeared to adopt a technique similar to that previously reported for able-bodied athletes. They lowered their centre of mass most on their second last stride (-1.6% of body height compared with -1.4% on the last stride) and used a flexed knee at take-off on the last stride, but they were less able to control their downward velocity at touch-down (-0.4 m x s(-1)). Both this and their restricted approach speed (8.9 m x s(-1) at touch-down), rather than technique limitations, influenced their jump performance. The trans-femoral athletes lowered their centre of mass most on the last stride (-2.3% of body height compared with -1.6% on the second last stride) and, as they were unable to flex their prosthetic knee sufficiently, achieved this by abducting their prosthetic leg during the support phase, which led to a large downward velocity at touch-down (-0.6 m x s(-1)). This, combined with their slower approach velocity (7.1 m x s(-1) at touch-down), restricted their performance.

The extended reciprocity: Strong belief outperforms persistence.

PubMed

Kurokawa, Shun

2017-05-21

The existence of cooperation is a mysterious phenomenon and demands explanation, and direct reciprocity is one key potential explanation for the evolution of cooperation. Direct reciprocity allows cooperation to evolve for cooperators who switch their behavior on the basis of information about the opponent's behavior. Here, relevant to direct reciprocity is information deficiency. When the opponent's last move is unknown, how should players behave? One possibility is to choose cooperation with some default probability without using any further information. In fact, our previous paper (Kurokawa, 2016a) examined this strategy. However, there might be beneficial information other than the opponent's last move. A subsequent study of ours (Kurokawa, 2017) examined the strategy which uses the own last move when the opponent's last move is unknown, and revealed that referring to the own move and trying to imitate it when information is absent is beneficial. Is there any other beneficial information else? How about strong belief (i.e., have infinite memory and believe that the opponent's behavior is unchanged)? Here, we examine the evolution of strategies with strong belief. Analyzing the repeated prisoner's dilemma game and using evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) analysis against an invasion by unconditional defectors, we find the strategy with strong belief is more likely to evolve than the strategy which does not use information other than the opponent player's last move and more likely to evolve than the strategy which uses not only the opponent player's last move but also the own last move. Strong belief produces the extended reciprocity and facilitates the evolution of cooperation. Additionally, we consider the two strategies game between strategies with strong belief and any strategy, and we consider the four strategies game in which unconditional cooperators, unconditional defectors, pessimistic reciprocators with strong belief, and optimistic reciprocators with strong belief are present. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Characterization of patients receiving palliative chemo- and radiotherapy during end of life at a regional cancer center in Norway.

PubMed

Anshushaug, Malin; Gynnild, Mari Aas; Kaasa, Stein; Kvikstad, Anne; Grønberg, Bjørn H

2015-03-01

Many cancer patients receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy their last 30 days [end of life (EOL)]. The benefit is questionable and side effects are common. The aim of this study was to investigate what characterized the patients who received chemo- and radiotherapy during EOL, knowledge that might be used to improve practice. Patients dead from cancer in 2005 and 2009 were analyzed. Data were collected from hospital medical records. When performance status (PS) was not stated, PS was estimated from other information in the records. A Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) of 0, 1 or 2 was assessed from blood values (CRP and albumin). A higher score is associated with a shorter prognosis. In total 616 patients died in 2005; 599 in 2009. Among the 723 analyzed, median age was 71; 42% had metastases at diagnosis (synchronous metastases); 53% had PS 2 and 16% PS 3-4 at the start of last cancer therapy. GPS at the start of last cancer therapy was assessable in 70%; of these, 26% had GPS 1 and 35% GPS 2. Overall, 10% received chemotherapy and 8% radiotherapy during EOL. The proportions varied significantly between the different types of cancer. Multivariate analyses revealed that those at age<70 years, GPS 2, no contact with our Palliative Care Unit and synchronous metastases received most chemotherapy the last 30 days. PS 3-4, GPS 2 and synchronous metastases were strongest associated with radiotherapy the last 30 days. Ten percent received chemotherapy and 8% radiotherapy the last 30 days of life. GPS 2 and synchronous metastases were most significantly associated with cancer therapy the last 30 days of life, indicating that in general, patients with the shortest survival time after diagnosis of cancer received more chemo- and radiotherapy during EOL than other patients.

Psychosocial Health Problems Associated with Increased HIV Risk Behavior among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Survey

PubMed Central

Deuba, Keshab; Ekström, Anna Mia; Shrestha, Rachana; Ionita, George; Bhatta, Laxmi; Karki, Deepak Kumar

2013-01-01

Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are marginalized, hidden, underserved and at high risk for HIV in Nepal. We examined the association between MSM sub-populations, psychosocial health problems and support, access to prevention and non-use of condoms. Methods Between September-November of 2010, a cross-sectional survey on HIV-related risk behavior was performed across Nepal through snowball sampling facilitated by non-governmental organizations, recruiting 339 MSM, age 15 or older. The primary outcomes were: (a) non-use of condoms at least once in last three anal sex encounters with men and (b) non-use of condoms with women in the last encounter. The secondary outcome was participation in HIV prevention interventions in the past year. Results Among the 339 MSM interviewed, 78% did not use condoms at their last anal sex with another man, 35% did not use condoms in their last sex with a woman, 70% had experienced violence in the last 12 months, 61% were experiencing depression and 47% had thought of committing suicide. After adjustment for age, religion, marital status, and MSM subpopulations (bisexual, ta, meti, gay), non-use of condoms at last anal sex with a man was significantly associated with non-participation in HIV interventions, experience of physical and sexual violence, depression, repeated suicidal thoughts, small social support network and being dissatisfied with social support. Depression was marginally associated with non-use of condoms with women. The findings suggest that among MSM who reported non-use of condoms at last anal sex, the ta subgroup and those lacking family acceptance were the least likely to have participated in any preventive interventions. Conclusions MSM in Nepal have a prevalence of psychosocial health problems in turn associated with high risk behavior for HIV. Future HIV prevention efforts targeting MSM in Nepal should cover all MSM subpopulations and prioritize psychosocial health interventions. PMID:23516434

Improving the collection of knowledge, attitude and practice data with community surveys: a comparison of two second-stage sampling methods.

PubMed

Davis, Rosemary H; Valadez, Joseph J

2014-12-01

Second-stage sampling techniques, including spatial segmentation, are widely used in community health surveys when reliable household sampling frames are not available. In India, an unresearched technique for household selection is used in eight states, which samples the house with the last marriage or birth as the starting point. Users question whether this last-birth or last-marriage (LBLM) approach introduces bias affecting survey results. We conducted two simultaneous population-based surveys. One used segmentation sampling; the other used LBLM. LBLM sampling required modification before assessment was possible and a more systematic approach was tested using last birth only. We compared coverage proportions produced by the two independent samples for six malaria indicators and demographic variables (education, wealth and caste). We then measured the level of agreement between the caste of the selected participant and the caste of the health worker making the selection. No significant difference between methods was found for the point estimates of six malaria indicators, education, caste or wealth of the survey participants (range of P: 0.06 to >0.99). A poor level of agreement occurred between the caste of the health worker used in household selection and the caste of the final participant, (Κ = 0.185), revealing little association between the two, and thereby indicating that caste was not a source of bias. Although LBLM was not testable, a systematic last-birth approach was tested. If documented concerns of last-birth sampling are addressed, this new method could offer an acceptable alternative to segmentation in India. However, inter-state caste variation could affect this result. Therefore, additional assessment of last birth is required before wider implementation is recommended. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2013; all rights reserved.

New high resolution geochemistry of Lower Jurassic marine sections in western North America: A global positive carbon isotope excursion in the Sinemurian?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Porter, Sarah J.; Smith, Paul L.; Caruthers, Andrew H.; Hou, Pengfei; Gröcke, Darren R.; Selby, David

2014-07-01

Recognising variations in the carbon isotope compositions of marine organic-rich sedimentary rocks can provide insight into changes in ocean chemistry throughout geological time. Further, identification of global excursions in the carbon isotope record has proved to be valuable as a chronostratigraphic correlation tool. This investigation presents new high-resolution organic carbon isotope data (δCorg13) for marine sediments from 2 regions in North America (Last Creek, British Columbia, Canada and Five Card Draw, Nevada, USA). The carbon isotope profiles demonstrate that there were significant differences between the carbon reservoirs at Five Card Draw and Last Creek, notably in the upper part of the Leslei Zone. The δCorg13 values show a gradual positive CIE (∼2‰) at Last Creek in the upper part of the Leslei Zone. This corresponds to a coeval positive CIE of similar duration in Dorset, UK (upper Turneri Zone; Jenkyns and Weedon, 2013), suggesting that this may be a global marine carbon isotope signature, and likely reflects a widespread increase in primary productivity during the Early Sinemurian. In addition, a brief negative CIE is observed in the uppermost Lower Sinemurian at Last Creek. This negative excursion is not recorded in the Dorset section, suggesting localised upwelling of 12C-rich bottom-waters at Last Creek. Further, the signals identified at Last Creek are not present in coeval sections at Five Card Draw, thus highlighting a significant difference between these localities. Osmium (Os) isotope data (initial 187Os/188Os values) provide a quantitative determination of the contrasting depositional environments of Five Card Draw and Last Creek (at least partially restricted with high levels of continental inundation and open-ocean, respectively). This demonstrates that basinal restriction may act as a major factor that controls isotopic stratigraphic signatures, thus preventing the identification of global or widespread regional excursions.

Predictive model accuracy in estimating last Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) intake from plasma and whole blood cannabinoid concentrations in chronic, daily cannabis smokers administered subchronic oral THC*

PubMed Central

Karschner, Erin L.; Schwope, David M.; Schwilke, Eugene W.; Goodwin, Robert S.; Kelly, Deanna L.; Gorelick, David A.; Huestis, Marilyn A.

2012-01-01

Background Determining time since last cannabis/Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure is important in clinical, workplace, and forensic settings. Mathematical models calculating time of last exposure from whole blood concentrations typically employ a theoretical 0.5 whole blood-to-plasma (WB/P) ratio. No studies previously evaluated predictive models utilizing empirically-derived WB/P ratios, or whole blood cannabinoid pharmacokinetics after subchronic THC dosing. Methods Ten male chronic, daily cannabis smokers received escalating around-the-clock oral THC (40-120 mg daily) for 8 days. Cannabinoids were quantified in whole blood and plasma by two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Maximum whole blood THC occurred 3.0 h after the first oral THC dose and 103.5 h (4.3 days) during multiple THC dosing. Median WB/P ratios were THC 0.63 (n=196), 11-hydroxy-THC 0.60 (n=189), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) 0.55 (n=200). Predictive models utilizing these WB/P ratios accurately estimated last cannabis exposure in 96% and 100% of specimens collected within 1-5 h after a single oral THC dose and throughout multiple dosing, respectively. Models were only 60% and 12.5% accurate 12.5 and 22.5 h after the last THC dose, respectively. Conclusions Predictive models estimating time since last cannabis intake from whole blood and plasma cannabinoid concentrations were inaccurate during abstinence, but highly accurate during active THC dosing. THC redistribution from large cannabinoid body stores and high circulating THCCOOH concentrations create different pharmacokinetic profiles than those in less than daily cannabis smokers that were used to derive the models. Thus, the models do not accurately predict time of last THC intake in individuals consuming THC daily. PMID:22464363

Comparison of PSA value at last follow-up of patients who underwent low-dose rate brachytherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

PubMed

Tanaka, Nobumichi; Asakawa, Isao; Nakai, Yasushi; Miyake, Makito; Anai, Satoshi; Fujii, Tomomi; Hasegawa, Masatoshi; Konishi, Noboru; Fujimoto, Kiyohide

2017-08-25

To compare the PSA value at the last follow-up of patients who underwent prostate low-dose rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) with that of patients who underwent intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). A total of 610 prostate cancer patients (cT1c-3bN0M0) were enrolled, and 445 of them underwent LDR-BT, while 165 received IMRT (74-76 Gy). The median follow-up period of these two groups was 75 months (LDR-BT) and 78 months (IMRT), respectively. We also evaluated the biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free rate using two definitions (Phoenix definition and PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/mL). The percentage of patients who achieved PSA < 0.2 ng/mL at the last follow-up was 77.5% in the LDR-BT group and 49.7% in the IMRT group (p < 0.001). Among patients with a normal testosterone level at the last follow-up, the percentage of those who achieved PSA < 0.2 ng/mL at the last follow-up was 79.2% in the LDR-BT group and 32.1% in the IMRT group (p < 0.001). The 5-year BCR-free rate by the Phoenix definition in the IMRT and LDR-BT groups was 89.5 and 95.0% (p < 0.001), respectively. On the other hand, the 5-year BCR-free rate using the definition of PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/mL was 59.1 and 80.1% in the IMRT and LDR-BT groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The PSA value at the last follow-up of LDR-BT was significantly lower than that of IMRT, and this result was particularly marked in patients with a normal testosterone level at the last follow-up.

Trends in insurance coverage and source of private coverage among young adults aged 19-25: United States, 2008-2012.

PubMed

Kirzinger, Whitney K; Cohen, Robin A; Gindi, Renee M

2013-12-01

Data from the National Health Interview Survey, 2008-2012. The percentage of young adults with private health insurance coverage increased from the last 6 months of 2010 through the last 6 months of 2012 (52.0% to 57.9%). Except for an increase in the first 6 months of 2011, the percentage of privately insured young adults who had a gap in coverage during the past 12 months decreased from the first 6 months of 2008 through the last 6 months of 2012 (10.5% to 7.8%). The percentage of privately insured young adults with coverage in their own name decreased from 40.8% in the last 6 months of 2010 to 27.2% in the last 6 months of 2012. The percentage of privately insured young adults with employer-sponsored health insurance increased from the last 6 months of 2010 to the last 6 months of 2012 (85.6% to 92.5%). Young adults often experience instability with regard to work, school, residential status, and financial independence. This could contribute to a lack of or gaps in insurance coverage (1,2). In September 2010, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) extended dependent health coverage to young adults up to age 26. This provision was expected to lead to increases in private coverage for young adults aged 19-25 when they became eligible for coverage through their parents' employment (3,4). This report provides estimates describing the previous insurance status and sources of coverage among privately insured young adults aged 19-25, using data from the 2008-2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Comparisons are made with adults aged 26-34, the most similar age group that was not affected by the ACA provision. All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.

Psychosocial health problems associated with increased HIV risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Nepal: a cross-sectional survey.

PubMed

Deuba, Keshab; Ekström, Anna Mia; Shrestha, Rachana; Ionita, George; Bhatta, Laxmi; Karki, Deepak Kumar

2013-01-01

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are marginalized, hidden, underserved and at high risk for HIV in Nepal. We examined the association between MSM sub-populations, psychosocial health problems and support, access to prevention and non-use of condoms. Between September-November of 2010, a cross-sectional survey on HIV-related risk behavior was performed across Nepal through snowball sampling facilitated by non-governmental organizations, recruiting 339 MSM, age 15 or older. The primary outcomes were: (a) non-use of condoms at least once in last three anal sex encounters with men and (b) non-use of condoms with women in the last encounter. The secondary outcome was participation in HIV prevention interventions in the past year. Among the 339 MSM interviewed, 78% did not use condoms at their last anal sex with another man, 35% did not use condoms in their last sex with a woman, 70% had experienced violence in the last 12 months, 61% were experiencing depression and 47% had thought of committing suicide. After adjustment for age, religion, marital status, and MSM subpopulations (bisexual, ta, meti, gay), non-use of condoms at last anal sex with a man was significantly associated with non-participation in HIV interventions, experience of physical and sexual violence, depression, repeated suicidal thoughts, small social support network and being dissatisfied with social support. Depression was marginally associated with non-use of condoms with women. The findings suggest that among MSM who reported non-use of condoms at last anal sex, the ta subgroup and those lacking family acceptance were the least likely to have participated in any preventive interventions. MSM in Nepal have a prevalence of psychosocial health problems in turn associated with high risk behavior for HIV. Future HIV prevention efforts targeting MSM in Nepal should cover all MSM subpopulations and prioritize psychosocial health interventions.

Analysis of Freight Transport Strategies and Methodologies

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-12-01

Transportation agencies are often blind to freight flows at the last mile level of truck movements. New strategies, data sources, and analytics have the potential to provide an empirical understanding of last mile truck movements and their impa...

At last, a medical website designed for grown-ups

MedlinePlus

... Home Current Issue Past Issues At last, a medical website designed for grown-ups Past Issues / Winter ... by the National Institutes of Health - the Nation's Medical Research Agency. NIH is part of the U.S. ...

An enigmatic long-lasting gamma-ray burst not accompanied by a bright supernova.

PubMed

Della Valle, M; Chincarini, G; Panagia, N; Tagliaferri, G; Malesani, D; Testa, V; Fugazza, D; Campana, S; Covino, S; Mangano, V; Antonelli, L A; D'Avanzo, P; Hurley, K; Mirabel, I F; Pellizza, L J; Piranomonte, S; Stella, L

2006-12-21

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are short, intense flashes of soft gamma-rays coming from the distant Universe. Long-duration GRBs (those lasting more than approximately 2 s) are believed to originate from the deaths of massive stars, mainly on the basis of a handful of solid associations between GRBs and supernovae. GRB 060614, one of the closest GRBs discovered, consisted of a 5-s hard spike followed by softer, brighter emission that lasted for approximately 100 s (refs 8, 9). Here we report deep optical observations of GRB 060614 showing no emerging supernova with absolute visual magnitude brighter than M(V) = -13.7. Any supernova associated with GRB 060614 was therefore at least 100 times fainter, at optical wavelengths, than the other supernovae associated with GRBs. This demonstrates that some long-lasting GRBs can either be associated with a very faint supernova or produced by different phenomena.

[Implementing the "last mile" program in new nurse clinical education].

PubMed

Wang, Yu-Hsin; Jane, Sui-Whi; Fan, Jun-Yu; Chou, Shieu-Ming

2013-06-01

The shortage of working nurses has made Taiwan's low nursing retention rate a critical issue in domestic healthcare. Main reasons for new nurses leaving their jobs include high pressure, overtime work, heavy workload, interpersonal relationship problems with colleagues, and inadequate support from administrators. In response, nursing educators designed the "last mile" program to improve the hands-on competence of nursing students with the goal of increasing post-graduation retention rates. This article introduces the last mile program in its present form and discusses the challenges faced in transitioning the program from the classroom into the clinical training environment. The authors suggest establishing a challenge test prior to implementing the last mile program, recruiting role-model preceptors, adjusting training program / project budgets, and developing partnerships between nursing educators and clinicians to enhance the clinical competence of new nurses and ultimately increase professional nurse retention rates, competence, and accountability.

Expanding the Use of Continuous Sedation Until Death: Moving Beyond the Last Resort for the Terminally Ill.

PubMed

LiPuma, Samuel H; DeMarco, Joseph P

2015-01-01

As currently practiced, the use of continuous sedation until death (CSD) is controlled by clinicians in a way that may deny patients a key choice in controlling their dying process. Ethical guidelines from the American Medical Association and the American Academy of Pain Medicine describe CSD as a "last resort," and a position statement from the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine describe it as "an intervention reserved for extreme situations." Accordingly, patients must progress to unremitting pain and suffering and reach a last-resort stage before the option to pursue CSD is considered. Alternatively, we present and defend a new guideline in which decisionally capable, terminally ill patients who have a life expectancy of less than six months may request CSD before being subjected to the refractory suffering of a treatment of "last resort." Copyright 2015 The Journal of Clinical Ethics. All rights reserved.

Measuring nepotism through shared last names: the case of Italian Academia.

PubMed

Allesina, Stefano

2011-01-01

Nepotistic practices are detrimental for academia. Here I show how disciplines with a high likelihood of nepotism can be detected using standard statistical techniques based on shared last names among professors. As an example, I analyze the set of all 61,340 Italian academics. I find that nepotism is prominent in Italy, with particular disciplinary sectors being detected as especially problematic. Out of 28 disciplines, 9 - accounting for more than half of Italian professors - display a significant paucity of last names. Moreover, in most disciplines a clear north-south trend emerges, with likelihood of nepotism increasing with latitude. Even accounting for the geographic clustering of last names, I find that for many disciplines the probability of name-sharing is boosted when professors work in the same institution or sub-discipline. Using these techniques policy makers can target cuts and funding in order to promote fair practices.

Evidence that NMDA-dependent limbic neural plasticity in the right hemisphere mediates pharmacological stressor (FG-7142)-induced lasting increases in anxiety-like behavior. Study 2--The effects on behavior of block of NMDA receptors prior to injection of FG-7142.

PubMed

Adamec, R E

1998-01-01

The hypothesis that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate initiation of lasting behavioral changes induced by the anxiogenic beta-carboline, FG-7142, was supported in this study. Behavioral changes normally induced by FG-7142 were blocked when the competitive NMDA receptor blocker, 7-amino-phosphono-heptanoic acid, was given prior to administration of FG-7142. When cats were subsequently given FG-7142 alone, the drug produced lasting behavioral changes like those reported previously. Flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, reversed an increase in defensiveness produced by FG-7142 alone, replicating previous findings. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that NMDA-dependent long-term potentiation in limbic pathways subserving defensive response to threat mediates lasting increases in defensiveness produced by FG-7142.

Loess deposits in Beijing and their paleoclimatic implications during the last interglacial-glacial cycle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tian, Shengchen; Sun, Jimin; Gong, Zhijun

2017-12-01

Loess-paleosol sequences are important terrestrial paleoclimatic archives in the semi-arid region of north-central China. Compared with the numerous studies on the loess of the Chinese Loess Plateau, the eolian deposits, near Beijing, have not been well studied. A new loess section in the northeast suburb of Beijing provides an opportunity for reconstructing paleoenvironmental changes in this region. An optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) chronology yields ages of 145.1 to 20.5 ka, demonstrating that the loess deposits accumulated during the last interglacial-glacial cycle. High-resolution climatic proxies, including color-index, particle size and magnetic parameters, reveal orbital-scale climatic cycles, corresponding to marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 6 to MIS 2. In contrast to the loess deposits of the central Loess Plateau, loess near Beijing is a mixture of distal dust materials from gobi and sand deserts in the arid part of northwestern China and proximal, local alluvial sediments. Climatic change in Beijing during the last interglacial-glacial cycle was controlled primarily by the changing strength of the East Asian monsoon. Paleosols developed during the last interglacial complex (between 144.0 and 73.0 ka) and the interstadial of the last glaciation (between 44.6 and 36.2 ka), being associated with an enhanced summer monsoon in response to increased low-latitude insolation and a weakened Siberia High. Loess accumulation occurred during cold-dry stages of the last glaciation, in response to the intensified winter monsoon driven by the strengthened Siberia High and its longer residence time.

A systematic review of the quality of randomized controlled trials in head and neck oncology surgery.

PubMed

Carlton, Daniel A; Kocherginsky, Masha; Langerman, Alexander J

2015-01-01

To determine the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in head and neck surgery in which surgery was a primary intervention. Potential articles were identified in PubMed without publication date restrictions. Articles were scored using the CONSORT checklist and the relationship between the checklist score and whether the first and/or last authors were surgeons was investigated. Differences in the checklist score based on how many surgeons were among the first and last authors of the study were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Fisher's exact test was used to examine if there was a significant difference of the reporting of individual items from the checklist between surgeons and nonsurgeons. A nonparametric trend test was used to determine whether there was a difference in the reporting of individual items based on whether there were none, one, or two surgeons among first and last authors. A total of 38 publications satisfied the inclusion criteria. There was a trend toward lower quality for studies in which surgeons were either first, last, or both first and last authors compared to studies that were first-authored and last-authored by nonsurgeons (P = 0.068). Nonsurgeons were more likely to report on critical elements regarding hypothesis, sample size determination, randomization, and eligibility of centers (P = 0.023-0.058). The quality of RCTs in head and neck surgery is poor. Improved training in conducting and reporting clinical research is needed in otolaryngology residencies. © 2014 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

Prevalence of systemic anticancer therapy for patients within the last 30 days of life: experience in a private hospital oncology group.

PubMed

Wein, L; Rowe, C; Brady, B; Handolias, D; Lipton, L; Pook, D; Stanley, R; Haines, I

2017-03-01

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of cancer treatments that have become available. However, it has remained difficult to choose the most appropriate time to cease active therapy in individual patients. To determine the proportion of patients being treated with palliative intent who received systemic anticancer treatment in the last 30 days of life. This is a retrospective cohort study conducted within the Melbourne Oncology Group at Cabrini Hospital. Patients managed with palliative intent who died between 1 January 2014 and 30 June 2014 were included. Outcomes measured were the percentage of patients who received systemic anticancer treatment in the last 30 days of life, palliative care referral status, Emergency Department presentations, hospital admissions and place of death. A total of 80 patients was included in the study. Of these patients, 21 (26%) received systemic anticancer treatment in the last 30 days of life. There was no statistically significant difference between patients who received treatment in the last month of life and those who did not in terms of the number of patients who were referred to palliative care, presented to an Emergency Department, were admitted to hospital or died in an acute ward. Although over a quarter of patients dying from advanced cancer received anticancer treatment in the last month of life, these patients did not present acutely to hospital more often and had the same extent of palliative care team involvement. © 2016 Royal Australasian College of Physicians.

A cosmogenic nuclide chronology of the last glacial transition in North-West Nelson, New Zealand-new insights in Southern Hemisphere climate forcing during the last deglaciation [rapid communication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shulmeister, James; Fink, David; Augustinus, Paul C.

2005-05-01

We present a new glacial chronology for the last glacial interglacial transition, c. 20 to 10 ka, from the Cobb Valley, NW Nelson, New Zealand, based on a suite of 10Be and 26Al cosmogenic exposure ages. This chronology describes one of the most comprehensive deglaciation sequences from a late Quaternary valley system in the Southern Hemisphere. We chronicle the decay from the last (local) glacial maximum as follows: onset of the last deglaciation that commenced no earlier than 18-19 ka, followed by numerous short-term still-stands and/or minor re-advances over the ensuing 3-4 kyr, and complete evacuation of ice by 14 ka. We find no evidence to indicate a late glacial re-advance commensurate with the Northern Hemisphere Younger Dryas chronozone. The absence of a major glacial re-advance in this valley during the latter stages of the last glacial interglacial transition (LGIT) precludes a thermal decline in excess of about 3 °C and suggests no decline. The absence of late LGIT re-advances in the mountains of North-West Nelson, while deglacial readvances occurred in the main ranges of the Southern Alps can be best explained if westerly wind forcing rather than large-scale thermal decline is the primary control on glacier fluctuations, at least during the deglaciation. These findings challenge models of global climate change predicated on synchrony of millennial-scale glacial transitions due to thermal changes between Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

A Solar-luminosity Model and Climate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Perry, Charles A.

1990-01-01

Although the mechanisms of climatic change are not completely understood, the potential causes include changes in the Sun's luminosity. Solar activity in the form of sunspots, flares, proton events, and radiation fluctuations has displayed periodic tendencies. Two types of proxy climatic data that can be related to periodic solar activity are varved geologic formations and freshwater diatom deposits. A model for solar luminosity was developed by using the geometric progression of harmonic cycles that is evident in solar and geophysical data. The model assumes that variation in global energy input is a result of many periods of individual solar-luminosity variations. The 0.1-percent variation of the solar constant measured during the last sunspot cycle provided the basis for determining the amplitude of each luminosity cycle. Model output is a summation of the amplitudes of each cycle of a geometric progression of harmonic sine waves that are referenced to the 11-year average solar cycle. When the last eight cycles in Emiliani's oxygen-18 variations from deep-sea cores were standardized to the average length of glaciations during the Pleistocene (88,000 years), correlation coefficients with the model output ranged from 0.48 to 0.76. In order to calibrate the model to real time, model output was graphically compared to indirect records of glacial advances and retreats during the last 24,000 years and with sea-level rises during the Holocene. Carbon-14 production during the last millenium and elevations of the Great Salt Lake for the last 140 years demonstrate significant correlations with modeled luminosity. Major solar flares during the last 90 years match well with the time-calibrated model.

Biological accidents in last-year medical students from three hospitals in Lima Peru.

PubMed

Charca-Benavente, Lilyan Consuelo; Huanca-Ruelas, Grozny Howell; Moreno-Loaiza, Oscar

2016-08-11

To determine the frequency and characteristics of biological accidents in last-year medical students from three hospitals in Lima. Cross-sectional study performed at three Public Health Insurance hospitals in Lima, in December 2014. The study population comprised last-year medical interns. Biological accidents were recorded with a questionnaire of exposure to blood and body fluids based on the formats used by the Exposure Prevention Information Network system and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We inquired about occurrence and number of biological accidents as well as the characteristics of the last accident. Categorical data are presented as absolute and percentage frequencies and numeric data, as median and interquartile ranges. We collected 100 respondents; 85% of them had had a biological accident during the last year, with a median of 2 and interquartile range of 3. The most frequent type of exposure was percutaneous (71.8%) and the most common device was the hollow needle (54.1%). The most frequent place of occurrence and activities at the moment of exposure were at the delivery room (44.7%), while supervising a vaginal delivery (24.7%), and during suturing (24.7%). Three accidents involved high-risk patients, but only one student received antiviral prophylaxis; 49.4% attributed the cause of the accident to fatigue, and 75.3% of accidents are not reported. Gloves are the most used protective barrier (95%). The frequency of biological accidents among last-year medical students is high. Underreporting and inappropriate use of protective barriers increase the risk of medical students for biological accidents.

Exploratory study of bed-sharing and maternal-infant bonding.

PubMed

Mitchell, Edwin A; Hutchison, B Lynne; Thompson, John Md; Wouldes, Trecia A

2015-08-01

Bed-sharing with an infant is controversial due to the increased risk of sudden unexpected death in infancy versus postulated benefits of the practice such as enhanced breastfeeding and maternal-infant bonding. This study evaluated the association between bed-sharing and maternal-infant bonding. Four hundred randomly selected mothers who had delivered in a large maternity unit in Auckland and whose infants were between the ages of 6 weeks and 4 months were sent a postal questionnaire asking about their bed-sharing practices last night, usually, and in the last 2 weeks. Included in the questionnaire were factors 1 and 2 questions from the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire to assess maternal-infant bonding. Responders totalled 172 (43%), and infants were a mean age of 11 weeks. Fourteen per cent of infants slept in a bed-sharing situation last night, 8% usually, and 41% had slept with an adult in the last 2 weeks. Nine per cent of mothers scored above the cut-off for factor 1 for impaired maternal-infant bonding. Infants of these mothers were more likely to bed-share last night, usually, and in the last 2 weeks, and were less likely to use a pacifier and to breastfeed. Bed-sharing mothers scored more highly on individual questions relating to being annoyed or irritated by their baby. There is an inverse association between bed-sharing and maternal-infant bonding, which is contrary to the often expressed belief that bed-sharing enhances maternal-infant bonding. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health © 2015 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

Depressive disorder in the last phase of life in patients with cardiovascular disease, cancer, and COPD: data from a 20-year follow-up period in general practice

PubMed Central

Warmenhoven, Franca; Bor, Hans; Lucassen, Peter; Vissers, Kris; van Weel, Chris; Prins, Judith; Schers, Henk

2013-01-01

Background Depression is assumed to be common in chronically ill patients during their last phase of life and is associated with poorer outcomes. The prevalence of depression is widely varying in previous studies due to the use of different terminology, classification, and assessment methods. Aim To explore the reported incidence of depressive disorder, as registered in the last phase of life of patients who died from cardiovascular disease, cancer or COPD, in a sample of primary care patients. Design and setting A historic cohort study, using a 20-year period registration database of medical records in four Dutch general practices (a dynamic population based on the Continuous Morbidity Registration database). Method Medical history of the sample cohort was analysed for the diagnosis of a new episode of depressive disorder and descriptive statistics were used. Results In total 982 patients were included, and 19 patients (1.9%) were diagnosed with a new depressive disorder in the last year of their life. The lifetime prevalence of depressive disorder in this sample was 8.2%. Conclusion The incidence of depressive disorder in the last phase of life is remarkably low in this study. These data were derived from actual patient care in general practice. Psychiatric diagnoses were made by GPs in the context of both patient needs and delivered care. A broader concept of depression in general practice is recommended to improve the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders in patients in the last phase of life. PMID:23643227

A 15-Year Study of Trends in Authorship by Gender in Two U.S. Obstetrics and Gynecology Journals.

PubMed

Metheny, William P; Jagadish, Mayuri; Heidel, R Eric

2018-04-01

To assess whether there was a significant trend in the number of women as first, last, and coauthors in two U.S. journals of obstetrics and gynecology over the past 15 years and to assess whether this publication rate was commensurate with the percentage of women in the academic specialty. This retrospective study identified the gender of first and last authors of original research articles for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. We determined trends in publication rates of authorship and coauthorship by pairing the gender of the first and last authors. We selected a subset of the data to compare the percentages of women authors with MDs at U.S. academic institutions with the nationally reported percentages of women faculty in the specialty. The journals yielded 2,699 articles for analysis. The percentage of articles written by women as first authors increased from 37% in 2000 to 71% in 2015 and, as last authors, increased from 26% in 2000 to 49% in 2015. Paired as coauthors, women published at a rate of 11% in 2000 to 38% in 2015. The analysis of a subset of 1,621 articles showed that as first authors, women published at a rate equal to or above the percentage of women in academics, but as last authors published fewer articles than expected. Women published more articles over time, kept pace or exceeded their faculty percentages as first authors, lagged behind these percentages as last authors, and as coauthors eventually surpassed the publication rate of male coauthors.

Secular changes in height, body weight, body mass index and pubertal development in male children and adolescents in Krakow, Poland.

PubMed

Kryst, Łukasz; Kowal, Małgorzata; Woronkowicz, Agnieszka; Sobiecki, Jan; Cichocka, Barbara Anna

2012-07-01

This study examined the secular changes in height, body weight, body mass index and pubertal development in male children and adolescents in Krakow (Poland) over the past 80 years, with an emphasis on the last decade (2000-2010). The survey of the population of Krakow is a continuation of observations conducted in that area for many years. The analysis aims to determine whether in the last decade Krakow still witnessed the secular trend, and what form the trend took. The body height and weight, and body mass index (BMI), of 1862 boys aged 3.5-18.5 years were analysed, against the background of a survey series from the years 1938 (N = 1801), 1971 (N = 2045), 1983 (N = 3124) and 2000 (N = 2328). The mean body height, in almost all age categories, was greater than in the past; however the final height over the last decade remained the same. The mean values of body weight and BMI increased, especially in the last decade. Also, an acceleration of puberty in boys was observed. The last 10 years saw an over 3-month decrease in the age of initial appearance of pubic hair in boys. In conclusion, the last decade saw cessation of the growing taller trend: maximum body height stabilized at approximately 179 cm, but weight and BMI increased. Also, a distinct acceleration of puberty was noticed. Lack of height increase, at the same time as weight gain and puberty acceleration, indicate a progressing developmental disharmony.

24 CFR 26.31 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... following the act, event, or default, and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... mail. If a document is served by mail, 3 days shall be added to the time permitted for a response...

24 CFR 26.31 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... following the act, event, or default, and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... mail. If a document is served by mail, 3 days shall be added to the time permitted for a response...

24 CFR 26.31 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... following the act, event, or default, and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... mail. If a document is served by mail, 3 days shall be added to the time permitted for a response...

24 CFR 26.31 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... following the act, event, or default, and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... mail. If a document is served by mail, 3 days shall be added to the time permitted for a response...

24 CFR 26.31 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... following the act, event, or default, and includes the last day of the period, unless the last day is a... mail. If a document is served by mail, 3 days shall be added to the time permitted for a response...

Mercury Project

NASA Image and Video Library

1963-05-16

Astronaut Gordon Cooper leaves the Faith 7 (MA-9) spacecraft after a successful recovery operation. The MA-9 mission, the last flight of the Mercury Project, was launched on May 15, 1963, orbited the Earth 22 times, and lasted for 1-1/2 days.

Mercury Project

NASA Image and Video Library

1963-05-15

Astronaut Gordon Cooper leaves the Faith 7 (MA-9) spacecraft after a successful recovery operation. The MA-9 mission, the last flight of the Mercury Project, was launched on May 15, 1963, orbited the Earth 22 times, and lasted for 1-1/2 days.

Milestones Since Last Workshop [Global Positioning System Adjacent Band Compatibility Assessment Workshop V, 10/14/2016

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-10-14

Milestones Since Last Workshop - Finalized GPS/GNSS receiver test plan and test procedures - Coordinated government and manufacturer participation and executed Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDAs) - Developed/validated radiated RF test environment - Carr...

Colorful Demos with a Long-Lasting Soap Bubble.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Behroozi, F.; Olson, D. W.

1994-01-01

Describes several demonstrations that feature interaction of light with soap bubbles. Includes directions about how to produce a long-lasting stationary soap bubble with an easily changeable size and describes the interaction of white light with the bubble. (DDR)

Long-Lasting Orthostatic Hypotension and Constipation After Celiac Plexus Block; A Case Report.

PubMed

Yousefshahi, Fardin; Tahmasebi, Mamak

2018-02-01

This case report presents a 55 years old man, presented with abdominal pain and diagnosed with a metastatic pancreatic tumor, who developed long lasting orthostatic hypotension and constipation following a celiac plexus block.

Last light: Sunset at the South Pole | National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Science.gov Websites

Observatory, Sunday March 20 marks the start of the austral autumn, the last time they see the sun for six months. The National Science Foundation's Atmospheric Research Observatory illuminated by the sun

Male responsibility and maternal morbidity: a cross-sectional study in two Nigerian states.

PubMed

Andersson, Neil; Omer, Khalid; Caldwell, Dawn; Dambam, Mohammed Musa; Maikudi, Ahmed Yahya; Effiong, Bassey; Ikpi, Edet; Udofia, Etuk; Khan, Amir; Ansari, Umaira; Ansari, Noor; Hamel, Candyce

2011-12-21

Nigeria continues to have high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. This is partly associated with lack of adequate obstetric care, partly with high risks in pregnancy, including heavy work. We examined actionable risk factors and underlying determinants at community level in Bauchi and Cross River States of Nigeria, including several related to male responsibility in pregnancy. In 2009, field teams visited a stratified (urban/rural) last stage random sample of 180 enumeration areas drawn from the most recent censuses in each of Bauchi and Cross River states. A structured questionnaire administered in face-to-face interviews with women aged 15-49 years documented education, income, recent birth history, knowledge and attitudes related to safe birth, and deliveries in the last three years. Closed questions covered female genital mutilation, intimate partner violence (IPV) in the last year, IPV during the last pregnancy, work during the last pregnancy, and support during pregnancy. The outcome was complications in pregnancy and delivery (eclampsia, sepsis, bleeding) among survivors of childbirth in the last three years. We adjusted bivariate and multivariate analysis for clustering. The most consistent and prominent of 28 candidate risk factors and underlying determinants for non-fatal maternal morbidity was intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy (ORa 2.15, 95%CIca 1.43-3.24 in Bauchi and ORa 1.5, 95%CI 1.20-2.03 in Cross River). Other spouse-related factors in the multivariate model included not discussing pregnancy with the spouse and, independently, IPV in the last year. Shortage of food in the last week was a factor in both Bauchi (ORa 1.66, 95%CIca 1.22-2.26) and Cross River (ORa 1.32, 95%CIca 1.15-1.53). Female genital mutilation was a factor among less well to do Bauchi women (ORa 2.1, 95%CIca 1.39-3.17) and all Cross River women (ORa 1.23, 95%CIca 1.1-1.5). Enhancing clinical protocols and skills can only benefit women in Nigeria and elsewhere. But the violence women experience throughout their lives--genital mutilation, domestic violence, and steep power gradients--is accentuated through pregnancy and childbirth, when women are most vulnerable. IPV especially in pregnancy, women's fear of husbands or partners and not discussing pregnancy are all within men's capacity to change.

Low-frequency variability of the Atlantic MOC in the eddying regime : the intrinsic component.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gregorio, S.; Penduff, T.; Barnier, B.; Molines, J.-M.; Le Sommer, J.

2012-04-01

A 327-year 1/4° global ocean/sea-ice simulation has been produced by the DRAKKAR ocean modeling consortium. This simulation is forced by a repeated seasonal atmospheric forcing but nevertheless exhibits a substantial low-frequency variability (at interannual and longer timescales), which is therefore of intrinsic origin. This nonlinearly-generated intrinsic variability is almost absent from the coarse-resolution (2°) version of this simulation. Comparing the 1/4° simulation with its fully-forced counterpart, Penduff et al. (2011) have shown that the low-frequency variability of local sea-level is largely generated by the ocean itself in eddying areas, rather than directly forced by the atmosphere. Using the same simulations, the present study quantifies the imprint of the intrinsic low-frequency variability on the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) at interannual-to-decadal timescales in the Atlantic. We first compare the intrinsic and atmospherically-forced interannual variances of the Atlantic MOC calculated in geopotential coordinates. This analysis reveals substantial sources of intrinsic MOC variability in the South Atlantic (driven by the Agulhas mesoscale activity according to Biastoch et al. (2008)), but also in the North Atlantic. We extend our investigation to the MOC calculated in isopycnal coordinates, and identify regions in the basin where the water mass transformation exhibits low-frequency intrinsic variability. In this eddy-permitting regime, intrinsic processes are shown to generate about half the total (geopotential and isopycnal) MOC interannual variance in certain key regions of the Atlantic. This intrinsic variability is absent from 2° simulations. Penduff, T., Juza, M., Barnier, B., Zika, J., Dewar, W.K., Treguier, A.-M., Molines, J.-M., Audiffren, N., 2011: Sea-level expression of intrinsic and forced ocean variabilities at interannual time scales. J. Climate, 24, 5652-5670. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00077.1. Biastoch, A., Böning, C. W., Lutjeharms, J. R. E., 2008: Agulhas leakage dynamics affects decadal variability in Atlantic overturning circulation. Nature, 456, 489-492, doi: 10.1038/nature07426.

Topographic correction realization based on the CBERS-02B image

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qin, Hui-ping; Yi, Wei-ning; Fang, Yong-hua

2011-08-01

The special topography of mountain terrain will induce the retrieval distortion in same species and surface spectral lines. In order to improve the research accuracy of topographic surface characteristic, many researchers have focused on topographic correction. Topographic correction methods can be statistical-empirical model or physical model, in which the methods based on the digital elevation model data are most popular. Restricted by spatial resolution, previous model mostly corrected topographic effect based on Landsat TM image, whose spatial resolution is 30 meter that can be easily achieved from internet or calculated from digital map. Some researchers have also done topographic correction based on high spatial resolution images, such as Quickbird and Ikonos, but there is little correlative research on the topographic correction of CBERS-02B image. In this study, liao-ning mountain terrain was taken as the objective. The digital elevation model data was interpolated to 2.36 meter by 15 meter original digital elevation model one meter by one meter. The C correction, SCS+C correction, Minnaert correction and Ekstrand-r were executed to correct the topographic effect. Then the corrected results were achieved and compared. The images corrected with C correction, SCS+C correction, Minnaert correction and Ekstrand-r were compared, and the scatter diagrams between image digital number and cosine of solar incidence angel with respect to surface normal were shown. The mean value, standard variance, slope of scatter diagram, and separation factor were statistically calculated. The analysed result shows that the shadow is weakened in corrected images than the original images, and the three-dimensional affect is removed. The absolute slope of fitting lines in scatter diagram is minished. Minnaert correction method has the most effective result. These demonstrate that the former correction methods can be successfully adapted to CBERS-02B images. The DEM data can be interpolated step by step to get the corresponding spatial resolution approximately for the condition that high spatial resolution elevation data is hard to get.

Neutron Monitor Observations and Space Weather, 1. Automatically Search of Great Solar Energetic Particle Event Beginning.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dorman, L. I.; Pustil'Nik, L. A.; Sternlieb, A.; Zukerman, I. G.

It is well known that in periods of great SEP fluxes of energetic particles can be so big that memory of computers and other electronics in space may be destroyed, satellites and spacecrafts became dead: according to NOAA Space Weather Scales are danger- ous Solar Radiation Storms S5-extreme (flux level of particles with energy > 10 MeV more than 10^5), S4-severe (flux more than 10^4) and S3-strong (flux more than 10^3). In these periods is necessary to switch off some part of electronics for few hours to protect computer memories. These periods are also dangerous for astronauts on space- ships, and passengers and crew in commercial jets (especially during S5 storms). The problem is how to forecast exactly these dangerous phenomena. We show that exact forecast can be made by using high-energy particles (few GeV/nucleon and higher) which transportation from the Sun is characterized by much bigger diffusion coeffi- cient than for small and middle energy particles. Therefore high energy particles came from the Sun much more early (8-20 minutes after acceleration and escaping into so- lar wind) than main part of smaller energy particles caused dangerous situation for electronics (about 30-60 minutes later). We describe here principles and experience of automatically working of program "FEP-Search". The positive result which shows the exact beginning of FEP event on the Emilio Segre' Observatory (2025 m above sea level, Rc=10.8 GV), is determined now automatically by simultaneously increas- ing on 2.5 St. Dev. in two sections of neutron supermonitor. The next 1-min data the program "FEP-Search" uses for checking that the observed increase reflects the begin- ning of real great FEP or not. If yes, automatically starts to work on line the programs "FEP-Research".

Foraminotomia cervical posterior en el tratamiento de conflictos foraminales

PubMed Central

Campero, Álvaro; Barrera, Ramiro; Ajler, Pablo

2012-01-01

Introducción: La foraminomotima cervical posterior es un procedimiento utilizado para la descompresion radicular por via posterior y constituye una alternativa a la via clásica anterior. En este trabajo evaluamos nuestra serie de pacientes tratados por esta via. Método: Desde enero de 2008 a diciembre de 2011, 17 pacientes (18 foraminotomías) fueron operados por presentar cervicobraquialgia a causa de un conflicto foraminal, realizando un foraminotomía cervical posterior. Los pacientes fueron evaluados en el postoperatorio inmediato, al mes y a los 3 meses de la cirugía. Los parámetros para valorar los resultados fueron la Escala Análoga del Dolor (VAS), la Neck Disability Index y los criterios de Odom. Resultados: El dolor radicular por conflicto foraminal secundario a hernia de disco cervical fue el síntoma y la patología predominante. El nivel más afectado fue C5-C6. La resolución completa del dolor radicular se observó en casi todos los pacientes. La VAS preoperatoria en promedio fue de 8.8 (mínimo 8 – máximo 10), con una franca mejoría en todos los casos (0.4 en el último control). La media en la Neck Disability Index al inicio fue de 35.3 (mínimo 32 – máximo 45), con una evolución favorable en la evaluación final (0.6). Los Criterios de Odom para la evaluación de pacientes operados de columna cervical fueron satisfactorios con un promedio de 1.17. Se observaron complicaciones en 4 pacientes (23%), todas tuvieron una evolución favorable. No hubo infecciones, discitis ni empeoramiento de los síntomas preexistentes en ningún paciente. Conclusión: La foraminotomía cervical posterior es un procedimiento efectivo para el tratamiento del dolor radicular en los conflictos foraminales PMID:23596556

Automated Information Extraction on Treatment and Prognosis for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Radiotherapy Patients: Clinical Study.

PubMed

Zheng, Shuai; Jabbour, Salma K; O'Reilly, Shannon E; Lu, James J; Dong, Lihua; Ding, Lijuan; Xiao, Ying; Yue, Ning; Wang, Fusheng; Zou, Wei

2018-02-01

In outcome studies of oncology patients undergoing radiation, researchers extract valuable information from medical records generated before, during, and after radiotherapy visits, such as survival data, toxicities, and complications. Clinical studies rely heavily on these data to correlate the treatment regimen with the prognosis to develop evidence-based radiation therapy paradigms. These data are available mainly in forms of narrative texts or table formats with heterogeneous vocabularies. Manual extraction of the related information from these data can be time consuming and labor intensive, which is not ideal for large studies. The objective of this study was to adapt the interactive information extraction platform Information and Data Extraction using Adaptive Learning (IDEAL-X) to extract treatment and prognosis data for patients with locally advanced or inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We transformed patient treatment and prognosis documents into normalized structured forms using the IDEAL-X system for easy data navigation. The adaptive learning and user-customized controlled toxicity vocabularies were applied to extract categorized treatment and prognosis data, so as to generate structured output. In total, we extracted data from 261 treatment and prognosis documents relating to 50 patients, with overall precision and recall more than 93% and 83%, respectively. For toxicity information extractions, which are important to study patient posttreatment side effects and quality of life, the precision and recall achieved 95.7% and 94.5% respectively. The IDEAL-X system is capable of extracting study data regarding NSCLC chemoradiation patients with significant accuracy and effectiveness, and therefore can be used in large-scale radiotherapy clinical data studies. ©Shuai Zheng, Salma K Jabbour, Shannon E O'Reilly, James J Lu, Lihua Dong, Lijuan Ding, Ying Xiao, Ning Yue, Fusheng Wang, Wei Zou. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (http://medinform.jmir.org), 01.02.2018.

Indirect Coupling of Magnetic Layers via Domain Wall Fringing fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parkin, Stuart

2001-03-01

Ferromagnetic films separated by thin metallic spacer layers are usually coupled through an indirect exchange interaction which oscillates in sign between ferro and antiferromagnetic coupling as a function of the spacer layer thickness^1. For both such metallic systems, and for multilayered systems in which the ferromagnetic films are separated by thin insulating layers, correlated roughness of the magnetic layers gives rise to a weak ferromagnetic coupling via dipole fields. Another type of dipolar coupling mechanism, which has largely been ignored, is that arising from domain wall fringing fields. These fields can be locally very large^2 and can result in the demagnetization of ferromagnetic films which are nominally highly coercive ("hard") in sandwiches comprised of "hard" and "soft" ferromagnetic layers. When the moment of the soft layer is reversed back and forth in small magnetic fields, much too small to affect the moment of the hard layer, substantial local fringing fields from domain walls created in the soft film gradually result in the demagnetization of the hard film. In some cases the moment of the hard layer decays in an oscillatory manner as it is successively partially demagnetized and remagnetized. This process has been observed on both macroscopic and microscopic length scales using SQUID magnetometry and high resolution photoemission electron microscopy, respectively^3. Magnetic interactions from domain wall fringing fields may be very important for magnetic devices, especially, magnetoresistance sensors and memory elements. [1] S.S.P. Parkin, N. More and K.P. Roche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 2304 (1990); S.S.P. Parkin, Phys. Rev. Lett., 67, 3598 (1991). [2] L. Thomas, M. Samant and S.S.P. Parkin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1816 (2000). [3] L. Thomas, J Lüning, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, S. Anders, J. Stöhr and S.S.P. Parkin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3462 (2000).

Volume-wise destruction of the antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state through quantum tuning.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uemura, Yasutomo

RENiO3 (RE = rare-earth element) and V2O3 are archetypal Mott insulator systems. When tuned by chemical substitution (RENiO3) or hydrostatic pressure (V2O3) , they exhibit a quantum phase transition (QPT) between an antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state and a paramagnetic metallic state. We demonstrate through muon spin relaxation/rotation (μSR) experiments that the QPT in RENiO3 and V2O3 is first order: the magnetically ordered volume fraction decreases to zero at the QPT, resulting in a broad region of intrinsic phase separation, while the ordered magnetic moment retains its full value until it is suddenly destroyed at the QPT. These two cases correspond to the band-width tuning of Mott transitions, and also associated with structural phase transitions, Volume evolutions of antiferromagnetic transition from μSR will be compared to those of structure by x-ray and metallicity by nano optics, in first-order thermal Mott transition in a V2O3 film at ambient pressure. These results will be compared to the process of destruction of magnetic order in another Mott transition system Ba(Co,Ni)S2 in ``filling control'' without structural transition, and in parent compounds of high-Tc cuprates and Fe-based superconductors. We will also discuss roles of first-order quantum transition in generating soft modes relevant to magnetic resonance mode in unconventional superconductors. Work performed in collaboration with the groups of: J.A. Alonso (Madrid), H. Kageyama (Kyoto). E. Morenzoni (PSI), G.M. Luke (McMaster), C.Q. Jin (IOP Beijing), F.L. Ning (Zhejian), S.J.L. Billinge (Columbia), S. Shamoto, W. Higemoto (JAEA), A. Fujimori (Tokyo), A. Gauzzi (Paris), R. de Renzi (Parma), G. Kotliar (Rutgers), M. Imada (Tokyo), D. Basov (UCSD), I, Schuller (UCSD). supported by NSF DMR-1610633 and DMR-1436095 (DMREF).

Cirugía transnasal endoscópica para tumores de hipófisis

PubMed Central

Ajler, Pablo; Hem, Santiago; Goldschmidt, Ezequiel; Landriel, Federico; Campero, Alvaro; Yampolsky, Claudio; Carrizo, Antonio

2012-01-01

Introducción: Exponer la técnica utilizada y los resultados obtenidos en los primeros 52 pacientes portadores de tumores hipofisarios tratados por la vía endoscópica transnasal en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un análisis retrospectivo de 52 cirugías endoscópicas transnasales utilizadas en el tratamiento de tumores hipofisários. Las mismas fueron realizadas en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires durante el período junio del 2011 a junio del 2012. Se analizaron las características demográficas de los pacientes, la patología de base y la morbimortalidad asociada a la cirugía. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 41,52 años con un rango de 18-79. La distribución fue similar entre hombres y mujeres. Las patologías más frecuentes fueron: adenomas no funcionantes (40.4%), tumores productores de GH/Acromegalia (25%) y tumores productores de ACTH/Enfermedad de Cushing (23.1%). Aproximadamente el 70 % correspondieron a macroadenomas. Sólo un paciente presentó complicaciones. No se registro ningún óbito. Conclusión: Si bien podremos objetivar fehacientemente resultados más concluyentes en futuros trabajos, podemos decir a priori que, en la endoscopía el detalle anatómico es claramente superior al microscópico y que la posibilidad de la introducción del endoscopio en la silla turca permite la visualización directa de remanentes tumorales, de sitios de fístula y como así también de la glándula normal, ventajas que potencialmente podrían permitir obtener mejores resultados quirúrgicos, en términos de control de la enfermedad y tasa de complicaciones. PMID:23596553

Variables Measured during Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing as Predictors of Mortality in Chronic Systolic Heart Failure

PubMed Central

Keteyian, Steven J.; Patel, Mahesh; Kraus, William E.; Brawner, Clinton A.; McConnell, Timothy R.; Piña, Ileana L.; Leifer, Eric S.; Fleg, Jerome L.; Blackburn, Gordon; Fonarow, Gregg C.; Chase, Paul J.; Piner, Lucy; Vest, Marianne; O’Connor, Christopher M.; Ehrman, Jonathan K.; Walsh, Mary N.; Ewald, Gregory; Bensimhon, Dan; Russell, Stuart D.

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND Data from a cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) test are used to determine prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). However, few published studies have simultaneously compared the relative prognostic strength of multiple CPX variables. OBJECTIVES We sought to describe the strength of the association among variables measured during a CPX test and all-cause mortality in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), including the influence of sex and patient effort, as measured by respiratory exchange ratio (RER). METHODS Among patients (n = 2,100, 29% women) enrolled in the HF-ACTION (HF-A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of exercise traiNing) trial, 10 CPX test variables measured at baseline (e.g., peak oxygen uptake [VO2], exercise duration, percent predicted peak VO2 [%ppVO2], ventilatory efficiency) were examined. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 32 months, there were 357 deaths. All CPX variables, except RER, were related to all-cause mortality (all p < 0.0001). Both %ppVO2 and exercise duration were equally able to predict (Wald χ2: ~141) and discriminate (c-index: 0.69) mortality. Peak VO2 (mL·kg−1·min−1) was the strongest predictor of mortality among men (Wald χ2: 129) and exercise duration among women (Wald χ2: 41). Multivariable analyses showed that %ppVO2, exercise duration, and peak VO2 (mL·kg−1·min−1) were similarly able to predict and discriminate mortality. In men, a 10% 1-year mortality rate corresponded to a peak VO2 of 10.9 mL·kg−1·min−1 versus 5.3 mlkg−1/min−1 in women. CONCLUSIONS Peak VO2, exercise duration, and % ppVO2 carried the strongest ability to predict and discriminate the likelihood of death in patients with HFrEF. The prognosis associated with a given peak V2 differed by sex. PMID:26892413

Reconciling top-down and bottom-up estimates of CO2 fluxes to understand increased seasonal exchange in Northern ecosystems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bastos, A.; Ciais, P.; Zhu, D.; Maignan, F.; Wang, X.; Chevallier, F.; Ballantyne, A.

2017-12-01

Continuous atmospheric CO2 monitoring data indicate enhanced seasonal exchange in the high-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere (above 40oN), mainly attributed to terrestrial ecosystems. Whether this enhancement is mostly explained by increased vegetation growth due to CO2 fertilization and warming, or by changes in land-use and land-management practices is still an unsettled question (e.g. Forkel et al. (2016) and Zeng et al. (2013)). Previous studies have shown that models present variable performance in capturing trends in CO2 amplitude at CO2 monitoring sites, and that Earth System Models present large spread in their estimates of such trends. Here we integrate data of atmospheric CO2 exchange in terrestrial ecosystems by a set of atmospheric CO2 inversions and a range of land-surface models to evaluate the ability of models to reproduce changes in CO2 seasonal exchange within the observation uncertainty. We then analyze the factors that explain the model spread to understand if the trend in seasonal CO2 amplitude may indeed be a useful metric to constrain future changes in terrestrial photosynthesis (Wenzel et al., 2016). We then compare model simulations with satellite and other observation-based datasets of vegetation productivity, biomass stocks and land-cover change to test the contribution of natural (CO2 fertilization, climate) and human (land-use change) factors to the increasing trend in seasonal CO2 amplitude. Forkel, Matthias, et al. "Enhanced seasonal CO2 exchange caused by amplified plant productivity in northern ecosystems." Science 351.6274 (2016): 696-699. Wenzel, Sabrina, et al. "Projected land photosynthesis constrained by changes in the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2." Nature 538, no. 7626 (2016): 499-501.Zeng, Ning, et al. "Agricultural Green Revolution as a driver of increasing atmospheric CO2 seasonal amplitude." Nature 515.7527 (2014): 394.

Reframing Recovery: Developmental Considerations for Maintaining Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawson, Gerard; Lambert, Simone F.; Gressard, Charles F.

2011-01-01

Lasting recovery for clients can be challenging to establish in addictions counseling. Through the combination of 2 approaches, motivational interviewing and developmental counseling and therapy, client treatment can be refined to promote transformative change and long-lasting recovery. (Contains 2 tables.)

Defense Reutilization and Marketing Manual

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-01

LHA propulsion ) ......................................... CVAN Amphibious Cargo Ship .................. LKA...nonself- Vehicle Cargo Ship ............................... AKR propelled) ............................................ YFD Net Laying Ship ...Sealift Command). F-Being constructed for a foreign government. Letter "N," when used as the last letter of ship symbol, denotes nuclear propulsion ; as last

Update in intensive care medicine: studies that challenged our practice in the last 5 years.

PubMed

Diaz-Guzman, Enrique; Sanchez, Juan; Arroliga, Alejandro C

2011-10-01

During the last 5 years, new randomized trials in critically ill patients have challenged a number of traditional treatment strategies in intensive care. The authors review eight studies that helped change their medical practices.

5 CFR 2634.903 - General requirements, filing dates, and extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

.... The agency may request that the individual update such a report if more than six months has expired... may grant such individual a filing extension to last no longer than 90 days after the last day of: (i...

5 CFR 2634.903 - General requirements, filing dates, and extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

.... The agency may request that the individual update such a report if more than six months has expired... may grant such individual a filing extension to last no longer than 90 days after the last day of: (i...

5 CFR 2634.903 - General requirements, filing dates, and extensions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

.... The agency may request that the individual update such a report if more than six months has expired... may grant such individual a filing extension to last no longer than 90 days after the last day of: (i...

17. Detail view looking south showing elevation of last two ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

17. Detail view looking south showing elevation of last two panels and abutment at west end. Jet Lowe, photographer, 1983 - Neshanic Station Lenticular Truss Bridge, State Route 567, spanning South Branch of Raritan River, Neshanic Station, Somerset County, NJ

Deciding about hormone therapy

MedlinePlus

... symptoms may last 5 or more years, including: Hot flashes and sweats, usually at their worst for the first 1 to 2 years after your last period Vaginal dryness Mood swings Sleep problems Less interest in sex HT can be used to treat menopause symptoms. ...

A Last Look Back at Vesta

NASA Image and Video Library

2012-09-05

This image is from the last sequence of images NASA Dawn spacecraft obtained of the giant asteroid Vesta, looking down at Vesta north pole as it was departing. Dawn escaped from Vesta orbit on Sept. 4, 2012 PDT Sept. 5, 2012 CET.

CONTAMINANT-INDUCED ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION IN WILDLIFE

EPA Science Inventory

Environmental contaminants have posed a threat to the health of wildlife since the onset of the industrial age. Over the last four decades, much concern has focused on the lethal, carcinogenic and/or extreme teratogenic manifestations of environmental pollution. During the last d...

76 FR 34700 - Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Request for Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption Applications...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-14

... pest control methods. List how many mills have been fumigated with methyl bromide over the last three... been fumigated with methyl bromide over the last three years, rate, volume and target CT of methyl...

Long-Lasting Orthostatic Hypotension and Constipation After Celiac Plexus Block; A Case Report

PubMed Central

Yousefshahi, Fardin; Tahmasebi, Mamak

2018-01-01

This case report presents a 55 years old man, presented with abdominal pain and diagnosed with a metastatic pancreatic tumor, who developed long lasting orthostatic hypotension and constipation following a celiac plexus block. PMID:29868459

Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum.

PubMed

Lynch-Stieglitz, Jean; Adkins, Jess F; Curry, William B; Dokken, Trond; Hall, Ian R; Herguera, Juan Carlos; Hirschi, Joël J-M; Ivanova, Elena V; Kissel, Catherine; Marchal, Olivier; Marchitto, Thomas M; McCave, I Nicholas; McManus, Jerry F; Mulitza, Stefan; Ninnemann, Ulysses; Peeters, Frank; Yu, Ein-Fen; Zahn, Rainer

2007-04-06

The circulation of the deep Atlantic Ocean during the height of the last ice age appears to have been quite different from today. We review observations implying that Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum was neither extremely sluggish nor an enhanced version of present-day circulation. The distribution of the decay products of uranium in sediments is consistent with a residence time for deep waters in the Atlantic only slightly greater than today. However, evidence from multiple water-mass tracers supports a different distribution of deep-water properties, including density, which is dynamically linked to circulation.

[The listening doctor; appropriate care in the last phase of life].

PubMed

Molenaar, Jan C

2015-01-01

In his report 'Everything that can be done should not necessarily be done. Appropriate care in the last phase of life', the chairman of the steering committee of the Royal Dutch Medical Association says: 'I wish that doctors would listen to their patients.' This wish sets the tone of the report, which signals overtreatment in patients' last years of life and advocates a more restrained approach by doctors in this phase. The message is, however, that for this to take place a complete U-turn in modern medical thinking and management is needed.

Turbine and method for reducing shock losses in a turbine

DOEpatents

Ristau, Neil

2015-09-01

A turbine includes a rotor and a casing that circumferentially surrounds at least a portion of the rotor. The rotor and the casing at least partially define a gas path through the turbine. A last stage of rotating blades is circumferentially arranged around the rotor and includes a downstream swept portion radially outward from the rotor. A method for reducing shock losses in a turbine includes removing a last stage of rotating blades circumferentially arranged around a rotor and replacing the last stage of rotating blades with rotating blades having a downstream swept portion radially outward from the rotor.

Microalloyed HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy) Steels: Proceedings of Microalloying 󈨜 Held in Conjunction with the 1988 World Materials Congress, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 24-30 September 1988

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

steels. The high quality linepipe steels are During the last few years, a large scale conducted. During the last few years, API X52 of efforts has been...with satisfied results. mass production of API X52 steels in production line will be demonstrated. The mass production of line pipe steels in the plate...mill of China Steel Corporation has also been conducted. More than eighty Procedures thousand tons of API X52 has been manufactured during the last 2

The steady enhancement of the Australian Summer Monsoon in the last 200 years.

PubMed

Gallego, David; García-Herrera, Ricardo; Peña-Ortiz, Cristina; Ribera, Pedro

2017-11-23

A new bicentennial series of the Australian monsoon strength based on historical wind observations has allowed for the assessment of the variability of this system since the early 19th century. Our series covers a period in which the scarcity of meteorological observations in the area had precluded the evaluation of long-term climatic trends. Results indicate that the increase in precipitation over Northern Australia reported for the last 60 years is just a manifestation of a much longer lasting trend related to the strengthening of the Australian monsoon that has been occurring since at least 1816.

The last common bilaterian ancestor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Erwin, Douglas H.; Davidson, Eric H.

2002-01-01

Many regulatory genes appear to be utilized in at least superficially similar ways in the development of particular body parts in Drosophila and in chordates. These similarities have been widely interpreted as functional homologies, producing the conventional view of the last common protostome-deuterostome ancestor (PDA) as a complex organism that possessed some of the same body parts as modern bilaterians. Here we discuss an alternative view, in which the last common PDA had a less complex body plan than is frequently conceived. This reconstruction alters expectations for Neoproterozoic fossil remains that could illustrate the pathways of bilaterian evolution.

Syncope cluster in a patient with vasovagal history.

PubMed

Zyśko, Dorota; Sokalski, Leszek; Gajek, Jacek; Loboz-Grudzień, Krystyna

2010-10-01

We report a case of a 55 year-old man with a history of vasovagal syncope who experienced six unexpected syncopal events over the course of two hours. Two of these occurred in the supine position during ECG monitoring, which showed a long-lasting sinus pause. Before the last syncopal episode, the ECG recording was started at the moment when the patient had the recurrence of presyncopal symptoms. Recordings showed sinus rhythm slowing for 12 s and then sinus arrest lasting for 29 s. A thorough clinical examination revealed no relevant abnormalities. The patient was treated with a permanent pacemaker implantation.

World oilseed situation and U. S. export opportunities, December 1983. Foreign agriculture circular

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1983-12-01

A slight increase in world oilseed production above last month's forecast, to 163.0 million tons, still leaves 1983/84 production over 9 percent below last year. Forecast utilization of oilseeds and products remain essentially unchanged from last month. Despite the relatively unchanged world oilseed and product balance, prices have weakened in recent weeks, raising expectations that additional price strength will be needed to bring about the required rationing of reduced world supplies. The other major element of uncertainty is Southern Hemisphere oilseed production, especially the Brazilian and Argentine 1984 soybean crops.

Why do women stop reproducing before menopause? A life-history approach to age at last birth

PubMed Central

Nenko, Ilona; Walton, Savannah E.

2016-01-01

Evolutionary biologists have long considered menopause to be a fundamental puzzle in understanding human fertility behaviour, as post-menopausal women are no longer physiologically capable of direct reproduction. Menopause typically occurs between 45 and 55 years of age, but across cultures and history, women often stop reproducing many years before menopause. Unlike age at first reproduction or even birth spacing, a woman nearing the end of her reproductive cycle is able to reflect upon the offspring she already has—their numbers and phenotypic qualities, including sexes. This paper reviews demographic data on age at last birth both across and within societies, and also presents a case study of age at last birth in rural Bangladeshi women. In this Bangladeshi sample, age at last birth preceded age at menopause by an average of 11 years, with marked variation around that mean, even during a period of high fertility. Moreover, age at last birth was not strongly related to age at menopause. Our literature review and case study provide evidence that stopping behaviour needs to be more closely examined as an important part of human reproductive strategies and life-history theory. Menopause may be a final marker of permanent reproductive cessation, but it is only one piece of the evolutionary puzzle. PMID:27022074

Hydrological and climate changes in southeast Siberia over the last 33 kyr

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katsuta, Nagayoshi; Ikeda, Hisashi; Shibata, Kenji; Saito-Kokubu, Yoko; Murakami, Takuma; Tani, Yukinori; Takano, Masao; Nakamura, Toshio; Tanaka, Atsushi; Naito, Sayuri; Ochiai, Shinya; Shichi, Koji; Kawakami, Shin-ichi; Kawai, Takayoshi

2018-05-01

Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate changes in intracontinental Siberia were reconstructed by continuous, high-resolution records (biogenic silica, U, total organic carbon and N, total S, and grain size) from a sediment core retrieved from the Buguldeika Saddle, Lake Baikal, dating back to the last 33 cal. ka BP. The Holocene climate was wet relative to the last glacial period. The climate became gradually warm and wet from the early to middle Holocene, followed by a shift at ca. 6.5 cal. ka BP toward warm and dry, possibly because of evapotranspiration. This suggests that the climate system transition from the glacial to interglacial state occurred at that time. In the last glacial, the deposition of carbonate mud from the Primorsky Range was associated with Heinrich events (H3 and H1) and the Selenga River inflow during the Last Glacial Maximum was caused by meltwater of mountain glaciers in the Khamar-Daban Range. The anoxic bottom-water during the Allerød-Younger Dryas was probably a result of weakened ventilation associated with reduced Selenga River inflow and microbial decomposition of organic matters originating from moderate input of nutrients from the Primorsky Range. The rapid decline in precipitation during the early Holocene may have been a response to the 8.2 ka cooling event.

Was millennial scale climate change during the Last Glacial triggered by explosive volcanism?

PubMed Central

Baldini, James U.L.; Brown, Richard J.; McElwaine, Jim N.

2015-01-01

The mechanisms responsible for millennial scale climate change within glacial time intervals are equivocal. Here we show that all eight known radiometrically-dated Tambora-sized or larger NH eruptions over the interval 30 to 80 ka BP are associated with abrupt Greenland cooling (>95% confidence). Additionally, previous research reported a strong statistical correlation between the timing of Southern Hemisphere volcanism and Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events (>99% confidence), but did not identify a causative mechanism. Volcanic aerosol-induced asymmetrical hemispheric cooling over the last few hundred years restructured atmospheric circulation in a similar fashion as that associated with Last Glacial millennial-scale shifts (albeit on a smaller scale). We hypothesise that following both recent and Last Glacial NH eruptions, volcanogenic sulphate injections into the stratosphere cooled the NH preferentially, inducing a hemispheric temperature asymmetry that shifted atmospheric circulation cells southward. This resulted in Greenland cooling, Antarctic warming, and a southward shifted ITCZ. However, during the Last Glacial, the initial eruption-induced climate response was prolonged by NH glacier and sea ice expansion, increased NH albedo, AMOC weakening, more NH cooling, and a consequent positive feedback. Conversely, preferential SH cooling following large SH eruptions shifted atmospheric circulation to the north, resulting in the characteristic features of DO events. PMID:26616338

Ecological Structure of Recent and Last Glacial Mammalian Faunas in Northern Eurasia: The Case of Altai-Sayan Refugium

PubMed Central

Pavelková Řičánková, Věra; Robovský, Jan; Riegert, Jan

2014-01-01

Pleistocene mammalian communities display unique features which differ from present-day faunas. The paleocommunities were characterized by the extraordinarily large body size of herbivores and predators and by their unique structure consisting of species now inhabiting geographically and ecologically distinct natural zones. These features were probably the result of the unique environmental conditions of ice age ecosystems. To analyze the ecological structure of Last Glacial and Recent mammal communities we classified the species into biome and trophic-size categories, using Principal Component analysis. We found a marked similarity in ecological structure between Recent eastern Altai-Sayan mammalian assemblages and comparable Pleistocene faunas. The composition of Last Glacial and Recent eastern Altai-Sayan assemblages were characterized by the occurrence of large herbivore and predator species associated with steppe, desert and alpine biomes. These three modern biomes harbor most of the surviving Pleistocene mammals. None of the analyzed Palearctic Last Glacial faunas showed affinity to the temperate forest, taiga, or tundra biome. The Eastern part of the Altai-Sayan region could be considered a refugium of the Last Glacial-like mammalian assemblages. Glacial fauna seems to persist up to present in those areas where the forest belt does not separate alpine vegetation from the steppes and deserts. PMID:24454791

Was millennial scale climate change during the Last Glacial triggered by explosive volcanism?

PubMed

Baldini, James U L; Brown, Richard J; McElwaine, Jim N

2015-11-30

The mechanisms responsible for millennial scale climate change within glacial time intervals are equivocal. Here we show that all eight known radiometrically-dated Tambora-sized or larger NH eruptions over the interval 30 to 80 ka BP are associated with abrupt Greenland cooling (>95% confidence). Additionally, previous research reported a strong statistical correlation between the timing of Southern Hemisphere volcanism and Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events (>99% confidence), but did not identify a causative mechanism. Volcanic aerosol-induced asymmetrical hemispheric cooling over the last few hundred years restructured atmospheric circulation in a similar fashion as that associated with Last Glacial millennial-scale shifts (albeit on a smaller scale). We hypothesise that following both recent and Last Glacial NH eruptions, volcanogenic sulphate injections into the stratosphere cooled the NH preferentially, inducing a hemispheric temperature asymmetry that shifted atmospheric circulation cells southward. This resulted in Greenland cooling, Antarctic warming, and a southward shifted ITCZ. However, during the Last Glacial, the initial eruption-induced climate response was prolonged by NH glacier and sea ice expansion, increased NH albedo, AMOC weakening, more NH cooling, and a consequent positive feedback. Conversely, preferential SH cooling following large SH eruptions shifted atmospheric circulation to the north, resulting in the characteristic features of DO events.

Origin of last-glacial loess in the western Yukon-Tanana Upland, central Alaska, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Muhs, Daniel; Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Budahn, James R.; Skipp, Gary L.; Bettis, E. Arthur; Jensen, Britta

2018-01-01

Loess is widespread over Alaska, and its accumulation has traditionally been associated with glacial periods. Surprisingly, loess deposits securely dated to the last glacial period are rare in Alaska, and paleowind reconstructions for this time period are limited to inferences from dune orientations. We report a rare occurrence of loess deposits dating to the last glacial period, ~19 ka to ~12 ka, in the Yukon-Tanana Upland. Loess in this area is very coarse grained (abundant coarse silt), with decreases in particle size moving south of the Yukon River, implying that the drainage basin of this river was the main source. Geochemical data show, however, that the Tanana River valley to the south is also a likely distal source. The occurrence of last-glacial loess with sources to both the south and north is explained by both regional, synoptic-scale winds from the northeast and opposing katabatic winds that could have developed from expanded glaciers in both the Brooks Range to the north and the Alaska Range to the south. Based on a comparison with recent climate modeling for the last glacial period, seasonality of dust transport may also have played a role in bringing about contributions from both northern and southern sources.

Why do women stop reproducing before menopause? A life-history approach to age at last birth.

PubMed

Towner, Mary C; Nenko, Ilona; Walton, Savannah E

2016-04-19

Evolutionary biologists have long considered menopause to be a fundamental puzzle in understanding human fertility behaviour, as post-menopausal women are no longer physiologically capable of direct reproduction. Menopause typically occurs between 45 and 55 years of age, but across cultures and history, women often stop reproducing many years before menopause. Unlike age at first reproduction or even birth spacing, a woman nearing the end of her reproductive cycle is able to reflect upon the offspring she already has--their numbers and phenotypic qualities, including sexes. This paper reviews demographic data on age at last birth both across and within societies, and also presents a case study of age at last birth in rural Bangladeshi women. In this Bangladeshi sample, age at last birth preceded age at menopause by an average of 11 years, with marked variation around that mean, even during a period of high fertility. Moreover, age at last birth was not strongly related to age at menopause. Our literature review and case study provide evidence that stopping behaviour needs to be more closely examined as an important part of human reproductive strategies and life-history theory. Menopause may be a final marker of permanent reproductive cessation, but it is only one piece of the evolutionary puzzle. © 2016 The Author(s).

17 CFR 242.600 - NMS security designation and definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...) Interrogation device means any securities information retrieval system capable of displaying transaction reports... with respect to such order; and (v) Immediately and automatically displays information that updates the... security; and (ii) Consolidated last sale information for a security. (14) Consolidated last sale...

17 CFR 242.600 - NMS security designation and definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

...) Interrogation device means any securities information retrieval system capable of displaying transaction reports... with respect to such order; and (v) Immediately and automatically displays information that updates the... security; and (ii) Consolidated last sale information for a security. (14) Consolidated last sale...

17 CFR 242.600 - NMS security designation and definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

...) Interrogation device means any securities information retrieval system capable of displaying transaction reports... with respect to such order; and (v) Immediately and automatically displays information that updates the... security; and (ii) Consolidated last sale information for a security. (14) Consolidated last sale...

17 CFR 242.600 - NMS security designation and definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

...) Interrogation device means any securities information retrieval system capable of displaying transaction reports... with respect to such order; and (v) Immediately and automatically displays information that updates the... security; and (ii) Consolidated last sale information for a security. (14) Consolidated last sale...

Bioengineering recombinant diacylglycerol acyltransferases

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) catalyze the last and rate-limiting step of triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis in eukaryotic organisms. At least 115 DGAT sequences are identified from 69 organisms in the GenBank databases. Only a few papers have been published in the last 28 years on the exp...

Vygotsky's "Thought and Word"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barrs, Myra

2016-01-01

The last chapter of Vygotsky's last book, "Thinking and Speech," is a compressed argument about the construction of consciousness through the internalisation of language. This article comments on Vygotsky's analysis of the "voyage into the interior" undertaken by oral speech as it is internalised and abbreviated into…

Last Days of Life (PDQ®)—Health Professional Version

Cancer.gov

The last days of life in cancer involves managing end-of-life (EOL) care issues for a wide range of possible symptoms and ethical dilemmas. Get detailed information about EOL issues and the role of the oncologist in this clinician summary.

Last Days of Life (PDQ®)—Patient Version

Cancer.gov

The last days of life for patients with cancer can involve a wide range of possible symptoms and ethical dilemmas. Learn about issues like delirium, fatigue, breathing and swallowing problems, constipation, muscle twitching, fever, bleeding, pain, and more in this expert-reviewed summary.

[Description of the last instar larva and pupa of Cryptophlebia cortesi Clarke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)].

PubMed

Vargas, Héctor A

2006-01-01

A description of the last instar larva and pupa of Cryptophlebia cortesi Clarke, based on specimens collected on yaro, Acacia macracantha Bonpl & Humb ex Willd. (Fabaceae), in the Chaca valley, Primera Región, Chile, is presented.

38 CFR 21.5835 - Specific discontinuance dates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... individual. If an individual dies— (1) VA will discontinue educational assistance effective the last day of... educational assistance. (2) VA will discontinue subsistence allowance effective the individual's last date of... in lieu of educational assistance, VA will discontinue educational assistance effective the date on...

38 CFR 21.5835 - Specific discontinuance dates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... individual. If an individual dies— (1) VA will discontinue educational assistance effective the last day of... educational assistance. (2) VA will discontinue subsistence allowance effective the individual's last date of... in lieu of educational assistance, VA will discontinue educational assistance effective the date on...

38 CFR 21.5835 - Specific discontinuance dates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... individual. If an individual dies— (1) VA will discontinue educational assistance effective the last day of... educational assistance. (2) VA will discontinue subsistence allowance effective the individual's last date of... in lieu of educational assistance, VA will discontinue educational assistance effective the date on...

"Life after Last Orders": Microbiology as a Career

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Verran, Joanna

2004-01-01

The 2003 conference of the International Biodegradation and Biodeterioration Society (www.biodeterioration. org) and the International Biodegradation Research Group (www.ibrg.org), was held last September at the Manchester Metropolitan University. The conference, "Management and Control of Undesirable Microorganisms", followed the usual…

Identifying Asteroidal Parent Bodies of the Meteorites: The Last Lap

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gaffey, M. J.

2000-01-01

Spectral studies of asteroids and dynamical models have converged to yield, at last, a clear view of asteroid-meteorite linkages. Plausible parent bodies for most meteorite types have either been identified or it has become evident where to search for them.

75 FR 39315 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Order Granting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-08

... Yahoo! began offering its Web site viewers real-time last sale data provided by BATS Trading. NASDAQ's last sale data products compete directly with the BATS product disseminated via Yahoo! In addition, as...

75 FR 19444 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Order Granting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-14

... Internet portal Yahoo! announced that it would offer its Web site viewers real-time last sale data provided... disseminated via Yahoo!. Since that time, BATS has attracted additional purchasers of its last sale product...

Fermat's Last Theorem for Factional and Irrational Exponents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morgan, Frank

2010-01-01

Fermat's Last Theorem says that for integers n greater than 2, there are no solutions to x[superscript n] + y[superscript n] = z[superscript n] among positive integers. What about rational exponents? Irrational n? Negative n? See what an undergraduate senior seminar discovered.

FastStats: Kidney Disease

MedlinePlus

... PDF file Microsoft PowerPoint file Microsoft Word file Microsoft Excel file Audio/Video file Apple Quicktime file RealPlayer file Text file Zip Archive file SAS file ePub file RIS file Page last reviewed: February 18, 2013 Page last updated: March 30, 2017 Content source: ...

Tips for Teens: The Truth about Heroin

MedlinePlus

... produces drug cravings, restlessness,muscle and bone pain,insomnia,diarrhea, vomiting,and other symptoms that usually last about aweek, but may last for many months. Yes.Heroin enters the neurons or cells of the brain and changes the speed of the chemicals in ...

Francesco's last divertissement: The Little Prince's Universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tozzi, P.

The last accomplishment of Francesco in public outreach, was a book devoted to children, based on the character of the Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Francesco completed the text, and Sylvie made the drawings. The book is now finally printed.

Admissions to inpatient care facilities in the last year of life of community-dwelling older people in Europe.

PubMed

Overbeek, Anouk; Van den Block, Lieve; Korfage, Ida J; Penders, Yolanda W H; van der Heide, Agnes; Rietjens, Judith A C

2017-10-01

In the last year of life, many older people rather avoid admissions to inpatient care facilities. We describe and compare such admissions in the last year of life of 5092 community-dwelling older people in 15 European countries (+Israel). Proxy-respondents of the older people, who participated in the longitudinal SHARE study, reported on admissions to inpatient care facilities (hospital, nursing home or hospice) during the last year of their life. Multivariable regression analyses assessed associations between hospitalizations and personal/contextual characteristics. The proportion of people who had been admitted at least once to an inpatient care facility in the last year of life ranged from 54% (France) to 76% (Austria, Israel, Slovenia). Admissions mostly concerned hospitalizations. Multivariable analyses showed that especially Austrians, Israelis and Poles had higher chances of being hospitalized. Further, hospitalizations were more likely for those being ill for 6 months or more (OR:1.67, CI:1.39-2.01), and less likely for persons aged 80+ (OR:0.54, CI:0.39-0.74; compared with 48-65 years), females (OR:0.74, CI:0.63-0.89) and those dying of cardiovascular diseases (OR:0.66, CI:0.51-0.86; compared with those dying of cancer). Although healthcare policies increasingly stress the importance that people reside at home as long as possible, admissions to inpatient care facilities in the last year of life are relatively common across all countries. Furthermore, we found a striking variation concerning the proportion of admissions across countries which cannot only be explained by patient needs. It suggests that such admissions are at least partly driven by system-level or cultural factors. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Prevalence, pattern, and factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders among pluckers in a tea plantation in Tamil Nadu, India

PubMed Central

Vasanth, Deepthi; Ramesh, Naveen; Fathima, Farah Naaz; Fernandez, Ria; Jennifer, Steffi; Joseph, Bobby

2015-01-01

Context: Musculoskeletal pain is common among tea leaf pluckers and is attributed to the load they carry, long working hours, the terrain, and insufficient job rotations. As a result of this, their health and work capacity are affected. Aims: To assess the prevalence, patterns, and factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) among pluckers in a tea plantation in Annamalai, Tamil Nadu, India. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study surveyed 195 pluckers selected by simple random sampling aged between 18 years and 60 years. Materials and Methods: The interview schedule had four parts––sociodemographic detail, Standard Nordic Scale, numeric and facial pain rating tool, and a tool to assess factors associated with WRMDs. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. Results: Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the last 12 months and the last 7 days was 83.6% and 78.5%, respectively. The most common site for last 1 year was shoulder (59%) and for last 7 days was the lower back (52.8%). Independent t-test revealed that the mean age of those with pain was 6.59 year more and mean years of employment was 1.38 years more among the workers with pain compared to workers without pain. Increasing morbidities among workers was also significantly associated with an increase in WRMDs on Chi-square test. Conclusions: The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was high among tea pluckers and the most common site during the last 12 months and the last 7 days was the shoulder and lower back respectively was mild in character. Increase in age and duration of employment was associated with WRMDs. PMID:26957816

Strong and deep Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the last glacial cycle.

PubMed

Böhm, E; Lippold, J; Gutjahr, M; Frank, M; Blaser, P; Antz, B; Fohlmeister, J; Frank, N; Andersen, M B; Deininger, M

2015-01-01

Extreme, abrupt Northern Hemisphere climate oscillations during the last glacial cycle (140,000 years ago to present) were modulated by changes in ocean circulation and atmospheric forcing. However, the variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), which has a role in controlling heat transport from low to high latitudes and in ocean CO2 storage, is still poorly constrained beyond the Last Glacial Maximum. Here we show that a deep and vigorous overturning circulation mode has persisted for most of the last glacial cycle, dominating ocean circulation in the Atlantic, whereas a shallower glacial mode with southern-sourced waters filling the deep western North Atlantic prevailed during glacial maxima. Our results are based on a reconstruction of both the strength and the direction of the AMOC during the last glacial cycle from a highly resolved marine sedimentary record in the deep western North Atlantic. Parallel measurements of two independent chemical water tracers (the isotope ratios of (231)Pa/(230)Th and (143)Nd/(144)Nd), which are not directly affected by changes in the global cycle, reveal consistent responses of the AMOC during the last two glacial terminations. Any significant deviations from this configuration, resulting in slowdowns of the AMOC, were restricted to centennial-scale excursions during catastrophic iceberg discharges of the Heinrich stadials. Severe and multicentennial weakening of North Atlantic Deep Water formation occurred only during Heinrich stadials close to glacial maxima with increased ice coverage, probably as a result of increased fresh-water input. In contrast, the AMOC was relatively insensitive to submillennial meltwater pulses during warmer climate states, and an active AMOC prevailed during Dansgaard-Oeschger interstadials (Greenland warm periods).

How is agitation and restlessness managed in the last 24 h of life in patients whose care is supported by the Liverpool care pathway for the dying patient?

PubMed

Gambles, M; McGlinchey, T; Latten, R; Dickman, A; Lowe, D; Ellershaw, J E

2011-12-01

Guidance regarding the patient centred management of agitation and restlessness reinforces the importance of considering underlying causes, non-pharmacological approaches to treatment and judicious use of medications titrated to patient need. In contrast, recent reports in the literature suggest that the practice of continuous deep sedation until death is prevalent in the UK. To use data from the National Care of the Dying Audit-Hospitals (NCDAH) to explore the administration of medication for management of agitation and restlessness in the last 24 h of life. Hospitals submitted data from up to 30 consecutive adult patients whose care in the final hours/days of life was supported by the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP). Data on the total dose received in the last 24 h of life PRN and the last dose prescribed for administration via continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI) for agitation and restlessness were submitted. 155 hospitals provided data from 3893 patients. Median total doses in the last 24 h for midazolam, haloperidol and levomepromazine, respectively, were: PRN only, 2.5, 1.5 and 6.25 mg; CSCI only, 10, 3 and 6.25 mg; PRN+CSCI, 15, 3 and 12.5 mg. Only 51% of patients received medication to alleviate agitation and restlessness in the last 24 h of life. Median doses were low in comparison to doses recommended for continuous deep sedation, suggesting that there is no 'blanket' policy for continuous deep sedation at the end of life for patients whose care is supported by the LCP.

Double Neutron Star Mergers and Short Gamma-ray Bursts: Long-lasting High-energy Signatures and Remnant Dichotomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murase, Kohta; Toomey, Michael W.; Fang, Ke; Oikonomou, Foteini; Kimura, Shigeo S.; Hotokezaka, Kenta; Kashiyama, Kazumi; Ioka, Kunihito; Mészáros, Peter

2018-02-01

The recent detection of gravitational waves and electromagnetic counterparts from the double neutron star merger event GW+EM170817 supports the standard paradigm of short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and kilonovae/macronovae. It is important to reveal the nature of the compact remnant left after the merger, either a black hole or neutron star, and their physical link to the origin of the long-lasting emission observed in SGRBs. The diversity of the merger remnants may also lead to different kinds of transients that can be detected in future. Here we study the high-energy emission from the long-lasting central engine left after the coalescence, under certain assumptions. In particular, we consider the X-ray emission from a remnant disk and the nonthermal nebular emission from disk-driven outflows or pulsar winds. We demonstrate that late-time X-ray and high-frequency radio emission can provide useful constraints on properties of the hidden compact remnants and their connections to long-lasting SGRB emission, and we discuss the detectability of nearby merger events through late-time observations at ∼30–100 days after the coalescence. We also investigate the GeV–TeV gamma-ray emission that occurs in the presence of long-lasting central engines and show the importance of external inverse Compton radiation due to upscattering of X-ray photons by relativistic electrons in the jet. We also search for high-energy gamma rays from GW170817 in the Fermi-LAT data and report upper limits on such long-lasting emission. Finally, we consider the implications of GW+EM170817 and discuss the constraints placed by X-ray and high-frequency radio observations.