Coulomb-stable triply charged diatomic: HeY3+

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wesendrup, Ralf; Pernpointner, Markus; Schwerdtfeger, Peter

1999-11-01

Accurate relativistic coupled-cluster calculations show that the triply charged species HeY3+ is a stable molecule and represents the lightest diatomic trication that does not undergo a Coulomb fragmentation into charged fragments. The diatomic potential-energy curve is approximated by an extended Morse potential, and vibrational-rotational constants for HeY3+ are predicted (Re=224.3 pm, D0=0.394 eV, ωe=437 cm-1, ωexe=15.8 cm-1, Be=0.877 cm-1). It is further shown that the He-Y3+ bond can basically be described as a charge-induced dipole interaction.

Tensorial Minkowski functionals of triply periodic minimal surfaces

PubMed Central

Mickel, Walter; Schröder-Turk, Gerd E.; Mecke, Klaus

2012-01-01

A fundamental understanding of the formation and properties of a complex spatial structure relies on robust quantitative tools to characterize morphology. A systematic approach to the characterization of average properties of anisotropic complex interfacial geometries is provided by integral geometry which furnishes a family of morphological descriptors known as tensorial Minkowski functionals. These functionals are curvature-weighted integrals of tensor products of position vectors and surface normal vectors over the interfacial surface. We here demonstrate their use by application to non-cubic triply periodic minimal surface model geometries, whose Weierstrass parametrizations allow for accurate numerical computation of the Minkowski tensors. PMID:24098847

Triply redundant integrated navigation and asset visibility system

DOEpatents

Smith, Stephen F [Loudon, TN; Moore, James A [Powell, TN

2011-11-29

Methods and apparatus are described for a navigation system. A method includes providing a global positioning system fix having a plurality of tracking parameters; providing a theater positioning system fix; monitoring the plurality of tracking parameters for predetermined conditions; and, when the predetermined conditions are met, sending a notifying signal and switching to the theater positioning system fix as a primary fix. An apparatus includes a system controller; a global positioning system receiver coupled to the system controller; a radio frequency locating receiver coupled to the system controller; and an operator interface coupled to the system controller.

Triply redundant integrated navigation and asset visibility system

DOEpatents

Smith, Stephen F.; Moore, James A.

2013-01-22

Methods and apparatus are described for a navigation system. A method includes providing a global positioning system fix having a plurality of tracking parameters; providing a theater positioning system fix; monitoring the plurality of tracking parameters for predetermined conditions; and, when the predetermined conditions are met, sending a notifying signal and switching to the theater positioning system fix as a primary fix. An apparatus includes a system controller; a global positioning system receiver coupled to the system controller; a radio frequency locating receiver coupled to the system controller; and an operator interface coupled to the system controller.

Triply responsive films in bioelectrocatalysis with a binary architecture: combined layer-by-layer assembly and hydrogel polymerization.

PubMed

Yao, Huiqin; Hu, Naifei

2011-05-26

In this work, triply responsive films with a specific binary architecture combining layer-by-layer assembly (LbL) and hydrogel polymerization were successfully prepared. First, concanavalin A (Con A) and dextran (Dex) were assembled into {Con A/Dex}(5) LbL layers on electrode surface by the lectin-sugar biospecific interaction between them. The poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEA) hydrogels with entrapped horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were then synthesized by polymerization on the surface of LbL inner layers, forming {Con A/Dex}(5)-(PDEA-HRP) films. The films demonstrated reversible pH-, thermo-, and salt-responsive on-off behavior toward electroactive probe Fe(CN)(6)(3-) in its cyclic voltammetric responses. This multiple stimuli-responsive films could be further used to realize triply switchable electrochemical reduction of H(2)O(2) catalyzed by HRP immobilized in the films and mediated by Fe(CN)(6)(3-) in solution. The responsive mechanism of the films was explored and discussed. The pH-sensitive property of the system was attributed to the electrostatic interaction between the {Con A/Dex}(5) inner layers and the probe at different pH, and the thermo- and salt-responsive behaviors should be ascribed to the structure change of PDEA hydrogels for the PDEA-HRP outermost layers under different conditions. The concept of binary architecture was also used to fabricate {Con A/Dex}(5)-(PDEA-GOD) films on electrodes, where GOD = glucose oxidase, which was applied to realize the triply switchable bioelectrocatalysis of glucose by GOD in the films with ferrocenedicarboxylic acid as the mediator in solution. This film system with the unique binary architecture may establish a foundation for fabricating a novel type of multicontrollable biosensors based on bioelectrocatalysis with immobilized enzymes.

Regge Trajectories of triply heavy baryons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rai, Ajay Kumar; Shah, Zalak

2017-12-01

Ω ccc , Ω bbb , Ω bcc and Ω ccb baryons are considerable theoretical interest in a baryonic analogue of heavy quarkonium because of the color-singlet bound state of three heavy quark (c,b) combination inside. Regge trajectories are concerned with the mass spectrum of the particles so that the present study exhibits the regge trajectories obtained from excited states of four experimentally unknown triply heavy Ω baryons. The trajectories are plotted in (n, M 2) and (J, M 2) planes which are helpful to determine the unknown quantum number and JP values. The calculations have computed in Hypercentral Constituent Quark Model with hyper coulomb plus linear potential.

Multicolor up conversion emission and color tunability in Yb 3+/Tm 3+/Ho 3+ triply doped heavy metal oxide glasses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ledemi, Yannick; Manzani, Danilo; Ribeiro, Sidney J. L.; Messaddeq, Younes

2011-10-01

Multicolor and white light emissions have been achieved in Yb 3+, Tm 3+ and Ho 3+ triply doped heavy metal oxide glasses upon laser excitation at 980 nm. The red (660 nm), green (547 nm) and blue (478 nm) up conversion emissions of the rare earth (RE) ions triply doped TeO 2-GeO 2-Bi 2O 3-K 2O glass (TGBK) have been investigated as a function of the RE concentration and excitation power of the 980 nm laser diode. The most appropriate combination of RE in the TGBK glass host (1.6 wt% Yb 2O 3, 0.6 wt% Tm 2O 3 and 0.1 wt% Ho 2O 3) has been determined with the purpose to tune the primary colors (RGB) respective emissions and generate white light emission by varying the pump power. The involved infrared to visible up conversion mechanisms mainly consist in a three-photon blue up conversion of Tm 3+ ions and a two-photon green and red up conversions of Ho 3+ ions. The resulting multicolor emissions have been described according to the CIE-1931 standards.

Crystallographic and computational study of a network composed of [ZnCl4]2- anions and triply protonated 4'-functionalized terpyridine cations.

PubMed

Granifo, Juan; Suárez, Sebastián; Boubeta, Fernando; Baggio, Ricardo

2017-12-01

We report herein the synthesis, crystallographic analysis and a study of the noncovalent interactions observed in the new 4'-substituted terpyridine-based derivative bis[4'-(isoquinolin-2-ium-4-yl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-1,1''-diium] tris[tetrachloridozincate(II)] monohydrate, (C 24 H 19 N 4 ) 2 [ZnCl 4 ] 3 ·H 2 O or (ITPH 3 ) 2 [ZnCl 4 ] 3 ·H 2 O, where (ITPH 3 ) 3+ is the triply protonated cation derived from 4'-(isoquinolin-4-yl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (ITP) [Granifo et al. (2016). Acta Cryst. C72, 932-938]. The (ITPH 3 ) 3+ cation presents a number of interesting similarities and differences compared with its neutral ITP relative, mainly in the role fulfilled in the packing arrangement by the profuse set of D-H...A [D (donor) = C, N or O; A (acceptor) = O or Cl], π-π and anion...π noncovalent interactions present. We discuss these interactions in two different complementary ways, viz. using a point-to-point approach in the light of Bader's theory of Atoms In Molecules (AIM), analyzing the individual significance of each interaction, and in a more `global' analysis, making use of the Hirshfeld surfaces and the associated enrichment ratio (ER) approach, evaluating the surprisingly large co-operative effect of the superabundant weaker contacts.

Flight experience with a fail-operational digital fly-by-wire control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, S. R.; Szalai, K. J.

1977-01-01

The NASA Dryden Flight Research Center is flight testing a triply redundant digital fly-by-wire (DFBW) control system installed in an F-8 aircraft. The full-time, full-authority system performs three-axis flight control computations, including stability and command augmentation, autopilot functions, failure detection and isolation, and self-test functions. Advanced control law experiments include an active flap mode for ride smoothing and maneuver drag reduction. This paper discusses research being conducted on computer synchronization, fault detection, fault isolation, and recovery from transient faults. The F-8 DFBW system has demonstrated immunity from nuisance fault declarations while quickly identifying truly faulty components.

A triply cloned strain of xylella fastidiosa multiplies and induces symptoms of citrus variegated chlorosis in sweet orange

PubMed

Li; Zreik; Fernandes; Miranda; Teixeira; Ayres; Garnier; Bov

1999-08-01

Xylella fastidiosa isolate 8.1.b obtained from a sweet orange tree affected by citrus variegated chlorosis in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and shown in 1993 to be the causal agent of the disease, was cloned by repeated culture in liquid and on solid PW medium, yielding triply cloned strain 9a5c. The eighth and the 16th passages of strain 9a5c were mechanically inoculated into sweet orange plants. Presence of X. fastidiosa in sweet orange leaves of shoots having grown after inoculation (first-flush shoots) was detected by DAS-ELISA and PCR. Thirty-eight days after inoculation, 70% of the 20 inoculated plants tested positive, and all plants gave strong positive reactions 90 days after inoculation. Symptoms first appeared after 3 months and were conspicuous after 5 months. X. fastidiosa was reisolated from sweet orange leaves, 44 days after inoculation. These results indicate that X. fastidiosa strain 9a5c, derived from pathogenic isolate 8.1.b by triply cloning, is also pathogenic. Strain 9a5c is now used for the X. fastidiosa genome sequencing project undertaken on a large scale in Brazil.http://link. springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00284/bibs/39n2p106.html

Ada Compiler Validation Summary Report: Certificate Number: 900121S1. 10251 Computer Sciences Corporation MC Ada V1.2.Beta/Concurrent Computer Corporation Concurrent/Masscomp 5600 Host To Concurrent/Masscomp 5600 (Dual 68020 Processor Configuration) Target

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-04-23

developed Ada Real - Time Operating System (ARTOS) for bare machine environments(Target), ACW 1.1I0. " ; - -M.UIECTTERMS Ada programming language, Ada...configuration) Operating System: CSC developed Ada Real - Time Operating System (ARTOS) for bare machine environments Memory Size: 4MB 2.2...Test Method Testing of the MC Ado V1.2.beta/ Concurrent Computer Corporation compiler and the CSC developed Ada Real - Time Operating System (ARTOS) for

Calculation of exchange coupling constants in triply-bridged dinuclear Cu(II) compounds based on spin-flip constricted variational density functional theory.

PubMed

Seidu, Issaka; Zhekova, Hristina R; Seth, Michael; Ziegler, Tom

2012-03-08

The performance of the second-order spin-flip constricted variational density functional theory (SF-CV(2)-DFT) for the calculation of the exchange coupling constant (J) is assessed by application to a series of triply bridged Cu(II) dinuclear complexes. A comparison of the J values based on SF-CV(2)-DFT with those obtained by the broken symmetry (BS) DFT method and experiment is provided. It is demonstrated that our methodology constitutes a viable alternative to the BS-DFT method. The strong dependence of the calculated exchange coupling constants on the applied functionals is demonstrated. Both SF-CV(2)-DFT and BS-DFT affords the best agreement with experiment for hybrid functionals.

Single-Frequency Narrow Linewidth 2 Micron Fiber Laser

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jiang, Shibin (Inventor); Spiegelberg, Christine (Inventor); Luo, Tao (Inventor)

2006-01-01

A compact single frequency, single-mode 2 .mu.m fiber laser with narrow linewidth, <100 kHz and preferably <100 kHz, is formed with a low phonon energy glass doped with triply ionized rare-earth thulium and/or holmium oxide and fiber gratings formed in sections of passive silica fiber and fused thereto. Formation of the gratings in passive silica fiber both facilitates splicing to other optical components and reduces noise thus improving linewidth. An increased doping concentration of 0.5 to 15 wt. % for thulium, holmium or mixtures thereof produces adequate gain, hence output power levels for fiber lengths less than 5 cm and preferably less than 3 cm to enable single-frequency operation.

Petri nets as a modeling tool for discrete concurrent tasks of the human operator. [describing sequential and parallel demands on human operators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schumacher, W.; Geiser, G.

1978-01-01

The basic concepts of Petri nets are reviewed as well as their application as the fundamental model of technical systems with concurrent discrete events such as hardware systems and software models of computers. The use of Petri nets is proposed for modeling the human operator dealing with concurrent discrete tasks. Their properties useful in modeling the human operator are discussed and practical examples are given. By means of and experimental investigation of binary concurrent tasks which are presented in a serial manner, the representation of human behavior by Petri nets is demonstrated.

Formation and fragmentation of quadruply charged molecular ions by intense femtosecond laser pulses.

PubMed

Yatsuhashi, Tomoyuki; Nakashima, Nobuaki

2010-07-22

We investigated the formation and fragmentation of multiply charged molecular ions of several aromatic molecules by intense nonresonant femtosecond laser pulses of 1.4 mum with a 130 fs pulse duration (up to 2 x 10(14) W cm(-2)). Quadruply charged states were produced for 2,3-benzofluorene and triphenylene molecular ion in large abundance, whereas naphthalene and 1,1'-binaphthyl resulted only in up to triply charged molecular ions. The laser wavelength was nonresonant with regard to the electronic transitions of the neutral molecules, and the degree of fragmentation was strongly correlated with the absorption of the singly charged cation radical. Little fragmentation was observed for naphthalene (off-resonant with cation), whereas heavy fragmentation was observed in the case of 1,1'-binaphthyl (resonant with cation). The degree of H(2) (2H) and 2H(2) (4H) elimination from molecular ions increased as the charge states increased in all the molecules examined. A striking difference was found between triply and quadruply charged 2,3-benzofluorene: significant suppression of molecular ions with loss of odd number of hydrogen was observed in the quadruply charged ions. The Coulomb explosion of protons in the quadruply charged state and succeeding fragmentation resulted in the formation of triply charged molecular ions with an odd number of hydrogens. The hydrogen elimination mechanism in the highly charged state is discussed.

Binding of anions in triply interlocked coordination catenanes and dynamic allostery for dehalogenation reactions† †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Characterization data and additional tables and figures. CCDC 1515722 and 1515723. For ESI and crystallographic data in CIF or other electronic format see DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04070a

PubMed Central

Yang, Linlin; Jing, Xu; An, Bowen; Yang, Yang

2017-01-01

By synergistic combination of multicomponent self-assembly and template-directed approaches, triply interlocked metal organic catenanes that consist of two isolated chirally identical tetrahedrons were constructed and stabilized as thermodynamic minima. In the presence of suitable template anions, the structural conversion from the isolated tetrahedral conformers into locked catenanes occurred via the cleavage of an intrinsically reversible coordination bond in each of the tetrahedrons, followed by the reengineering and interlocking of two fragments with the regeneration of the broken coordination bonds. The presence of several kinds of individual pocket that were attributed to the triply interlocked patterns enabled the possibility of encapsulating different anions, allowing the dynamic allostery between the unlocked/locked conformers to promote the dehalogenation reaction of 3-bromo-cyclohexene efficiently, as with the use of dehalogenase enzymes. The interlocked structures could be unlocked into two individual tetrahedrons through removal of the well-matched anion templates. The stability and reversibility of the locked/unlocked structures were further confirmed by the catching/releasing process that accompanied emission switching, providing opportunities for the system to be a dynamic molecular logic system. PMID:29675152

Triply differential measurements of single ionization of argon by 1-keV positron and electron impact

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gavin, J.; de Lucio, O. G.; DuBois, R. D.

2017-06-01

By establishing coincidences between target ions and scattered projectiles, and coincidences between target ions, scattered projectiles, and ejected electrons, triply differential cross-section (TDCS) information was generated in terms of projectile energy loss and scattering angles for interactions between 1-keV positrons and electrons and Ar atoms. The conversion of the raw experimental information to the TDCS is discussed. The single-ionization TDCS exhibits two distinguishable regions (lobes) where binary and recoil interactions can be described by two peaks. A comparison of the positron and electron impact data shows that the relative intensity of both binary and recoil interactions decreases exponentially as a function of the momentum transfer and is larger when ionization is induced by positron impact, when compared with electron impact.

Concurrent engineering: Spacecraft and mission operations system design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Landshof, J. A.; Harvey, R. J.; Marshall, M. H.

1994-01-01

Despite our awareness of the mission design process, spacecraft historically have been designed and developed by one team and then turned over as a system to the Mission Operations organization to operate on-orbit. By applying concurrent engineering techniques and envisioning operability as an essential characteristic of spacecraft design, tradeoffs can be made in the overall mission design to minimize mission lifetime cost. Lessons learned from previous spacecraft missions will be described, as well as the implementation of concurrent mission operations and spacecraft engineering for the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) program.

The quadruple squeeze: defining the safe operating space for freshwater use to achieve a triply green revolution in the anthropocene.

PubMed

Rockström, Johan; Karlberg, Louise

2010-05-01

Humanity has entered a new phase of sustainability challenges, the Anthropocene, in which human development has reached a scale where it affects vital planetary processes. Under the pressure from a quadruple squeeze-from population and development pressures, the anthropogenic climate crisis, the anthropogenic ecosystem crisis, and the risk of deleterious tipping points in the Earth system-the degrees of freedom for sustainable human exploitation of planet Earth are severely restrained. It is in this reality that a new green revolution in world food production needs to occur, to attain food security and human development over the coming decades. Global freshwater resources are, and will increasingly be, a fundamental limiting factor in feeding the world. Current water vulnerabilities in the regions in most need of large agricultural productivity improvements are projected to increase under the pressure from global environmental change. The sustainability challenge for world agriculture has to be set within the new global sustainability context. We present new proposed sustainability criteria for world agriculture, where world food production systems are transformed in order to allow humanity to stay within the safe operating space of planetary boundaries. In order to secure global resilience and thereby raise the chances of planet Earth to remain in the current desired state, conducive for human development on the long-term, these planetary boundaries need to be respected. This calls for a triply green revolution, which not only more than doubles food production in many regions of the world, but which also is environmentally sustainable, and invests in the untapped opportunities to use green water in rainfed agriculture as a key source of future productivity enhancement. To achieve such a global transformation of agriculture, there is a need for more innovative options for water interventions at the landscape scale, accounting for both green and blue water, as well as a new focus on cross-scale interactions, feed-backs and risks for unwanted regime shifts in the agro-ecological landscape.

Improving generalized inverted index lock wait times

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borodin, A.; Mirvoda, S.; Porshnev, S.; Ponomareva, O.

2018-01-01

Concurrent operations on tree like data structures is a cornerstone of any database system. Concurrent operations intended for improving read\\write performance and usually implemented via some way of locking. Deadlock-free methods of concurrency control are known as tree locking protocols. These protocols provide basic operations(verbs) and algorithm (ways of operation invocations) for applying it to any tree-like data structure. These algorithms operate on data, managed by storage engine which are very different among RDBMS implementations. In this paper, we discuss tree locking protocol implementation for General inverted index (Gin) applied to multiversion concurrency control (MVCC) storage engine inside PostgreSQL RDBMS. After that we introduce improvements to locking protocol and provide usage statistics about evaluation of our improvement in very high load environment in one of the world’s largest IT company.

The deep-sea hub of the ANTARES neutrino telescope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anghinolfi, M.; Calzas, A.; Dinkespiler, B.; Cuneo, S.; Favard, S.; Hallewell, G.; Jaquet, M.; Musumeci, M.; Papaleo, R.; Raia, G.; Valdy, P.; Vernin, P.

2006-11-01

The ANTARES neutrino telescope, currently under construction at 2500 m depth off the French Mediterranean coast, will contain 12 detection lines, powered and read out through a deep-sea junction box (JB) hub. Electrical energy from the shore station is distributed through a transformer with multiple secondary windings and a plugboard with 16 deep sea-mateable electro-optic connectors. Connections are made to the JB outputs using manned or remotely operated submersible vehicles. The triply redundant power management and slow control system is based on two identical AC-powered systems, communicating with the shore through 160 Mb/s fibre G-links and a third battery-powered system using a slower link. We describe the power and slow control systems of the underwater hub.

Reflections concerning triply-periodic minimal surfaces.

PubMed

Schoen, Alan H

2012-10-06

In recent decades, there has been an explosion in the number and variety of embedded triply-periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) identified by mathematicians and materials scientists. Only the rare examples of low genus, however, are commonly invoked as shape templates in scientific applications. Exact analytic solutions are now known for many of the low genus examples. The more complex surfaces are readily defined with numerical tools such as Surface Evolver software or the Landau-Ginzburg model. Even though table-top versions of several TPMS have been placed within easy reach by rapid prototyping methods, the inherent complexity of many of these surfaces makes it challenging to grasp their structure. The problem of distinguishing TPMS, which is now acute because of the proliferation of examples, has been addressed by Lord & Mackay (Lord & Mackay 2003 Curr. Sci. 85, 346-362).

[Modeling and experimental study on frequency-domain electricity properties of biological materials].

PubMed

Tian, Hua; Luo, Shiqiang; Zhang, Rui; Yang, Gang; Huang, Hua

2009-12-01

Frequency-domain electricity properties of four objects, including bullfrog skin, bullfrog muscle, triply distilled water and 0.9% NaCl, were tested in the range of 100Hz-10MHz using home-made electrode and measuring system. The experimental results showed that the resistance of 0.9% NaCl decreased dramatically, that the amplitude frequency characteristics of bullfrog's muscle and skin were similar, but that of triply distilled water did not change significantly. The frequency dependence of 0.9% NaCl showed that the electrode had great influence on the measuring system, so a new equivalent circuit model based on the electrode system was needed. These findings suggest that the new five-parameter equivalent circuit model, which embodies considerations on the interaction between electrodes and tissues, is a reasonable equivalent circuit for studying the electrical characteristics of biological materials.

Reflections concerning triply-periodic minimal surfaces

PubMed Central

Schoen, Alan H.

2012-01-01

In recent decades, there has been an explosion in the number and variety of embedded triply-periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) identified by mathematicians and materials scientists. Only the rare examples of low genus, however, are commonly invoked as shape templates in scientific applications. Exact analytic solutions are now known for many of the low genus examples. The more complex surfaces are readily defined with numerical tools such as Surface Evolver software or the Landau–Ginzburg model. Even though table-top versions of several TPMS have been placed within easy reach by rapid prototyping methods, the inherent complexity of many of these surfaces makes it challenging to grasp their structure. The problem of distinguishing TPMS, which is now acute because of the proliferation of examples, has been addressed by Lord & Mackay (Lord & Mackay 2003 Curr. Sci. 85, 346–362). PMID:24098851

Anatomy of triply-periodic network assemblies: characterizing skeletal and inter-domain surface geometry of block copolymer gyroids.

PubMed

Prasad, Ishan; Jinnai, Hiroshi; Ho, Rong-Ming; Thomas, Edwin L; Grason, Gregory M

2018-05-09

Triply-periodic networks (TPNs), like the well-known gyroid and diamond network phases, abound in soft matter assemblies, from block copolymers (BCPs), lyotropic liquid crystals and surfactants to functional architectures in biology. While TPNs are, in reality, volume-filling patterns of spatially-varying molecular composition, physical and structural models most often reduce their structure to lower-dimensional geometric objects: the 2D interfaces between chemical domains; and the 1D skeletons that thread through inter-connected, tubular domains. These lower-dimensional structures provide a useful basis of comparison to idealized geometries based on triply-periodic minimal, or constant-mean curvature surfaces, and shed important light on the spatially heterogeneous packing of molecular constituents that form the networks. Here, we propose a simple, efficient and flexible method to extract a 1D skeleton from 3D volume composition data of self-assembled networks. We apply this method to both self-consistent field theory predictions as well as experimental electron microtomography reconstructions of the double-gyroid phase of an ABA triblock copolymer. We further demonstrate how the analysis of 1D skeleton, 2D inter-domain surfaces, and combinations therefore, provide physical and structural insight into TPNs, across multiple length scales. Specifically, we propose and compare simple measures of network chirality as well as domain thickness, and analyze their spatial and statistical distributions in both ideal (theoretical) and non-ideal (experimental) double gyroid assemblies.

Correlated multielectron dynamics in mid-infrared laser pulse interactions with neon atoms.

PubMed

Tang, Qingbin; Huang, Cheng; Zhou, Yueming; Lu, Peixiang

2013-09-09

The multielectron dynamics in nonsequential triple ionization (NSTI) of neon atoms driven by mid-infrared (MIR) laser pulses is investigated with the three-dimensional classical ensemble model. In consistent with the experimental result, our numerical result shows that in the MIR regime, the triply charged ion longitudinal momentum spectrum exhibits a pronounced double-hump structure at low laser intensity. Back analysis reveals that as the intensity increases, the responsible triple ionization channels transform from direct (e, 3e) channel to the various mixed channels. This transformation of the NSTI channels leads to the results that the shape of ion momentum spectra becomes narrow and the distinct maxima shift towards low momenta with the increase of the laser intensity. By tracing the triply ionized trajectories, the various ionization channels at different laser intensities are clearly identified and these results provide an insight into the complex dynamics of the correlated three electrons in NSTI.

Ultrafast fragmentation dynamics of triply charged carbon dioxide: Vibrational-mode-dependent molecular bond breakage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, HongJiang; Wang, Enliang; Dong, WenXiu; Gong, Maomao; Shen, Zhenjie; Tang, Yaguo; Shan, Xu; Chen, Xiangjun

2018-05-01

The a b i n i t i o molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using an atom-centered density matrix propagation method have been carried out to investigate the fragmentation of the ground-state triply charged carbon dioxide, CO23 +→C+ + Oa+ + Ob+ . Ten thousands of trajectories have been simulated. By analyzing the momentum correlation of the final fragments, it is demonstrated that the sequential fragmentation dominates in the three-body dissociation, consistent with our experimental observations which were performed by electron collision at impact energy of 1500 eV. Furthermore, the MD simulations allow us to have detailed insight into the ultrafast evolution of the molecular bond breakage at a very early stage, within several tens of femtoseconds, and the result shows that the initial nuclear vibrational mode plays a decisive role in switching the dissociation pathways.

Design of a terahertz parametric oscillator based on a resonant cavity in a terahertz waveguide

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Saito, K., E-mail: k-saito@material.tohoku.ac.jp; Oyama, Y.; Tanabe, T.

We demonstrate ns-pulsed pumping of terahertz (THz) parametric oscillations in a quasi-triply resonant cavity in a THz waveguide. The THz waves, down converted through parametric interactions between the pump and signal waves at telecom frequencies, are confined to a GaP single mode ridge waveguide. By combining the THz waveguide with a quasi-triply resonant cavity, the nonlinear interactions can be enhanced. A low threshold pump intensity for parametric oscillations can be achieved in the cavity waveguide. The THz output power can be maximized by optimizing the quality factors of the cavity so that an optical to THz photon conversion efficiency, η{submore » p}, of 0.35, which is near the quantum-limit level, can be attained. The proposed THz optical parametric oscillator can be utilized as an efficient and monochromatic THz source.« less

Three-component fermions with surface Fermi arcs in tungsten carbide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, J.-Z.; He, J.-B.; Xu, Y.-F.; Lv, B. Q.; Chen, D.; Zhu, W.-L.; Zhang, S.; Kong, L.-Y.; Gao, X.; Rong, L.-Y.; Huang, Y.-B.; Richard, P.; Xi, C.-Y.; Choi, E. S.; Shao, Y.; Wang, Y.-L.; Gao, H.-J.; Dai, X.; Fang, C.; Weng, H.-M.; Chen, G.-F.; Qian, T.; Ding, H.

2018-04-01

Topological Dirac and Weyl semimetals not only host quasiparticles analogous to the elementary fermionic particles in high-energy physics, but also have a non-trivial band topology manifested by gapless surface states, which induce exotic surface Fermi arcs1,2. Recent advances suggest new types of topological semimetal, in which spatial symmetries protect gapless electronic excitations without high-energy analogues3-11. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we observe triply degenerate nodal points near the Fermi level of tungsten carbide with space group P 6 ¯m 2 (no. 187), in which the low-energy quasiparticles are described as three-component fermions distinct from Dirac and Weyl fermions. We further observe topological surface states, whose constant-energy contours constitute pairs of `Fermi arcs' connecting to the surface projections of the triply degenerate nodal points, proving the non-trivial topology of the newly identified semimetal state.

Topological Triply Degenerate Points Induced by Spin-Tensor-Momentum Couplings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Haiping; Hou, Junpeng; Zhang, Fan; Zhang, Chuanwei

2018-06-01

The recent discovery of triply degenerate points (TDPs) in topological materials has opened a new perspective toward the realization of novel quasiparticles without counterparts in quantum field theory. The emergence of such protected nodes is often attributed to spin-vector-momentum couplings. We show that the interplay between spin-tensor- and spin-vector-momentum couplings can induce three types of TDPs, classified by different monopole charges (C =±2 , ±1 , 0). A Zeeman field can lift them into Weyl points with distinct numbers and charges. Different TDPs of the same type are connected by intriguing Fermi arcs at surfaces, and transitions between different types are accompanied by level crossings along high-symmetry lines. We further propose an experimental scheme to realize such TDPs in cold-atom optical lattices. Our results provide a framework for studying spin-tensor-momentum coupling-induced TDPs and other exotic quasiparticles.

Language and System Support for Concurrent Programming

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-04-01

language. We give suggestions on how to avoid polling programs , and suggest changes to the rendezvous facilities to eliminate the polling bias. The...concerned with support for concurrent pro- Capsule gramming provided to the application programmer by operating Description systems and programming ...of concurrent programming has widened Philosophy from "pure" operating system applications to a multitude of real-time and distributed programs . Since

Measuring coherence with entanglement concurrence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qi, Xianfei; Gao, Ting; Yan, Fengli

2017-07-01

Quantum coherence is a fundamental manifestation of the quantum superposition principle. Recently, Baumgratz et al (2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 140401) presented a rigorous framework to quantify coherence from the view of theory of physical resource. Here we propose a new valid quantum coherence measure which is a convex roof measure, for a quantum system of arbitrary dimension, essentially using the generalized Gell-Mann matrices. Rigorous proof shows that the proposed coherence measure, coherence concurrence, fulfills all the requirements dictated by the resource theory of quantum coherence measures. Moreover, strong links between the resource frameworks of coherence concurrence and entanglement concurrence is derived, which shows that any degree of coherence with respect to some reference basis can be converted to entanglement via incoherent operations. Our work provides a clear quantitative and operational connection between coherence and entanglement based on two kinds of concurrence. This new coherence measure, coherence concurrence, may also be beneficial to the study of quantum coherence.

Advanced aerodynamics and active controls. Selected NASA research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1981-01-01

Aerodynamic and active control concepts for application to commercial transport aircraft are discussed. Selected topics include in flight direct strike lightning research, triply redundant digital fly by wire control systems, tail configurations, winglets, and the drones for aerodynamic and structural testing (DAST) program.

Anomalous critical behavior in the polymer collapse transition of three-dimensional lattice trails.

PubMed

Bedini, Andrea; Owczarek, Aleksander L; Prellberg, Thomas

2012-07-01

Trails (bond-avoiding walks) provide an alternative lattice model of polymers to self-avoiding walks, and adding self-interaction at multiply visited sites gives a model of polymer collapse. Recently a two-dimensional model (triangular lattice) where doubly and triply visited sites are given different weights was shown to display a rich phase diagram with first- and second-order collapse separated by a multicritical point. A kinetic growth process of trails (KGTs) was conjectured to map precisely to this multicritical point. Two types of low-temperature phases, a globule phase and a maximally dense phase, were encountered. Here we investigate the collapse properties of a similar extended model of interacting lattice trails on the simple cubic lattice with separate weights for doubly and triply visited sites. Again we find first- and second-order collapse transitions dependent on the relative sizes of the doubly and triply visited energies. However, we find no evidence of a low-temperature maximally dense phase with only the globular phase in existence. Intriguingly, when the ratio of the energies is precisely that which separates the first-order from the second-order regions anomalous finite-size scaling appears. At the finite-size location of the rounded transition clear evidence exists for a first-order transition that persists in the thermodynamic limit. This location moves as the length increases, with its limit apparently at the point that maps to a KGT. However, if one fixes the temperature to sit at exactly this KGT point, then only a critical point can be deduced from the data. The resolution of this apparent contradiction lies in the breaking of crossover scaling and the difference in the shift and transition width (crossover) exponents.

The marriage of peripherally metallated and directly linked porphyrins: bromidobis(phosphine)platinum(II) as a cation-stabilizing substituent on directly linked and fused triply linked diporphyrins.

PubMed

Hartnell, Regan D; Yoneda, Tomoki; Mori, Hirotaka; Osuka, Atsuhiro; Arnold, Dennis P

2013-11-01

A meso-bromidoplatiniobis(triphenylphosphine) η(1)-organometallic porphyrin monomer was prepared by the oxidative addition of meso-bromoZnDPP (DPP=dianion of 5,15-diphenylporphyrin) to a platinum(0) species. The meso-meso directly linked dimeric porphyrin (5) was prepared from this monomer by silver(I)-promoted oxidative coupling and planarized to give a triply linked dizinc(II) porphyrin dimer (8). Acidic demetallation of 8 afforded the bis(free base) 9. Dimer 5 was demetallated then remetallated with nickel(II) to give the dinickel(II) analogue 10, the X-ray crystal structure of which showed a twisted molecule with ruffled, orthogonal NiDPP rings, terminated by square-planar trans-[Pt(PPh3)2Br] units. New compounds were fully characterized spectroscopically, and the fused diporphyrin exhibited a broad, low-energy, near-IR electronic absorption band near 1100 nm. Electrochemical measurements of this series indicate that the organometallic fragment is a strong electron donor towards the porphyrin ring. The triply linked organometallic diporphyrin has a substantially lowered first one-electron oxidation potential (-0.35 V versus the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple (Fc/Fc(+))) and a narrow HOMO-LUMO gap of 0.96 V. Solutions prepared for NMR spectroscopy slowly decompose with degradation of the signals, which is attributed to partial oxidation to the cation radical. This paramagnetic species can be reduced in situ by hydrazine to restore the NMR spectrum to its former appearance. The combined influence of the two [Pt(PPh3)2Br] electron-donating substituents is sufficient to make dimer too aerobically unstable to allow further elaboration. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Fuzzy simulation in concurrent engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kraslawski, A.; Nystrom, L.

1992-01-01

Concurrent engineering is becoming a very important practice in manufacturing. A problem in concurrent engineering is the uncertainty associated with the values of the input variables and operating conditions. The problem discussed in this paper concerns the simulation of processes where the raw materials and the operational parameters possess fuzzy characteristics. The processing of fuzzy input information is performed by the vertex method and the commercial simulation packages POLYMATH and GEMS. The examples are presented to illustrate the usefulness of the method in the simulation of chemical engineering processes.

Photoionization in the halo of the Galaxy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bregman, Joel N.; Harrington, J. Patrick

1986-01-01

The ionizing radiation field in the halo is calculated and found to be dominated in the 13.6-45 eV range by light from O-B stars that escapes the disk, by planetary nebulae at 45-54 eV, by quasars and the Galactic soft X-ray background at 54-2000 eV, and by the extragalactic X-ray background at higher energies. Photoionization models are calculated with this radiation field incident on halo clouds of constant density for a variety of densities, for normal and depleted abundances, and with variations of the incident spectrum. For species at least triply ionized, such as Si IV, C IV, N V, and O VI, the line ratios are determined by intervening gas with the greatest volume, which is not necessarily the greatest mass component. Column densities from doubly ionized species like Si III should be greater than from triply ionized species. The role of photoionized gas in cosmic ray-supported halos and Galactic fountains is discussed. Observational tests of photoionization models are suggested.

Prediction of Ideal Topological Semimetals with Triply Degenerate Points in the NaCu3 Te2 Family

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jianfeng; Sui, Xuelei; Shi, Wujun; Pan, Jinbo; Zhang, Shengbai; Liu, Feng; Wei, Su-Huai; Yan, Qimin; Huang, Bing

2017-12-01

Triply degenerate points (TDPs) in band structure of a crystal can generate novel TDP fermions without high-energy counterparts. Although identifying ideal TDP semimetals, which host clean TDP fermions around the Fermi level (EF) without coexisting with other quasiparticles, is critical to explore the intrinsic properties of this new fermion, it is still a big challenge and has not been achieved up to now. Here, we disclose an effective approach to search for ideal TDP semimetals via selective band crossing between antibonding s and bonding p orbitals along a line in the momentum space with C3 v symmetry. Applying this approach, we have successfully identified the NaCu3 Te2 family of compounds to be ideal TDP semimetals, where two, and only two, pairs of TDPs are located around the EF. Moreover, we demonstrate a fundamental mechanism to modulate energy splitting between a pair of TDPs, and we illustrate the intrinsic features of TDP Fermi arcs in these ideal TDP semimetals.

Triply degenerate nodal points and topological phase transitions in NaCu3Te2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xia, Yunyouyou; Li, Gang

2017-12-01

Quasiparticle excitations of free electrons in condensed-matter physics, characterized by the dimensionality of the band crossing, can find their elementary-particle analogs in high-energy physics, such as Majorana, Weyl, and Dirac fermions, while crystalline symmetry allows more quasiparticle excitations and exotic fermions to emerge. Using symmetry analysis and ab initio calculations, we propose that the three-dimensional honeycomb crystal NaCu3Te2 hosts triply degenerate nodal points (TDNPs) residing at the Fermi level. Furthermore, in this system we find a tunable phase transition between a trivial insulator, a TDNP phase, and a weak topological insulator (TI), triggered by a symmetry-allowed perturbation and the spin-orbital coupling (SOC). Such a topological nontrivial ternary compound not only serves as a perfect candidate for studying three-component fermions, but also provides an excellent playground for understanding the topological phase transitions between TDNPs, TIs, and trivial insulators, which distinguishes this system from other TDNP candidates.

Deformations of the gyroid and Lidinoid minimal surfaces using flat structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weyhaupt, Adam

2015-03-01

Mathematically, the challenge in proving the existence of a purported triply periodic minimal surface is in computing parameter values that depend on a system of equations defined by elliptic integrals. This is generally very difficult. In the presence of some symmetry, however, a technique developed by Weber and Wolf can reduce these elliptic integrals to basic algebra and geometry of polygons. These techniques can easily prove the existence of some surfaces and the presence of a family of solutions. Families of surfaces are important mathematically, but recent work by Seddon, et. al., experimentally confirms that these families of surfaces can occur physically as well. In this talk, we give a brief overview of the technique and show how it can be applied to prove the existence of several families of surfaces, including lower symmetry variants of the gyroid and Lidinoid such as the rG, rPD, tG, and rL. We also conjecture a map of the moduli space of triply periodic minimal surfaces of genus 3.

Phenomenology of the Higgs sector of a Dimension-7 Neutrino Mass Generation Mechanism

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ghosh, Tathagata; Jana, Sudip; Nandi, S.

In this paper, we revisit the dimension-7 neutrino mass generation mechanism based on the addition of an isospinmore » $3/2$ scalar quadruplet and two vector-like iso-triplet leptons to the standard model. We discuss the LHC phenomenology of the charged scalars of this model, complemented by the electroweak precision and lepton flavor violation constraints. We pay particular attention to the triply charged and doubly charged components. We focus on the same-sign-tri-lepton signatures originating from the triply-charged scalars and find a discovery reach of 600 - 950 GeV at 3 ab$$^{-1}$$ of integrated luminosity at the LHC. On the other hand, doubly charged Higgs has been an object of collider searches for a long time, and we show how the present bounds on its mass depend on the particle spectrum of the theory. Strong constraint on the model parameter space can arise from the measured decay rate of the Standard Model Higgs to a pair of photons as well.« less

A stable high-order perturbation of surfaces method for numerical simulation of diffraction problems in triply layered media

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hong, Youngjoon, E-mail: hongy@uic.edu; Nicholls, David P., E-mail: davidn@uic.edu

The accurate numerical simulation of linear waves interacting with periodic layered media is a crucial capability in engineering applications. In this contribution we study the stable and high-order accurate numerical simulation of the interaction of linear, time-harmonic waves with a periodic, triply layered medium with irregular interfaces. In contrast with volumetric approaches, High-Order Perturbation of Surfaces (HOPS) algorithms are inexpensive interfacial methods which rapidly and recursively estimate scattering returns by perturbation of the interface shape. In comparison with Boundary Integral/Element Methods, the stable HOPS algorithm we describe here does not require specialized quadrature rules, periodization strategies, or the solution ofmore » dense non-symmetric positive definite linear systems. In addition, the algorithm is provably stable as opposed to other classical HOPS approaches. With numerical experiments we show the remarkable efficiency, fidelity, and accuracy one can achieve with an implementation of this algorithm.« less

Heterogeneous concurrent computing with exportable services

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sunderam, Vaidy

1995-01-01

Heterogeneous concurrent computing, based on the traditional process-oriented model, is approaching its functionality and performance limits. An alternative paradigm, based on the concept of services, supporting data driven computation, and built on a lightweight process infrastructure, is proposed to enhance the functional capabilities and the operational efficiency of heterogeneous network-based concurrent computing. TPVM is an experimental prototype system supporting exportable services, thread-based computation, and remote memory operations that is built as an extension of and an enhancement to the PVM concurrent computing system. TPVM offers a significantly different computing paradigm for network-based computing, while maintaining a close resemblance to the conventional PVM model in the interest of compatibility and ease of transition Preliminary experiences have demonstrated that the TPVM framework presents a natural yet powerful concurrent programming interface, while being capable of delivering performance improvements of upto thirty percent.

Contemporary considerations in concurrent endoscopic sinus surgery and rhinoplasty.

PubMed

Steele, Toby O; Gill, Amarbir; Tollefson, Travis T

2018-06-11

Characterize indications, perioperative considerations, clinical outcomes and complications for concurrent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and rhinoplasty. Chronic rhinosinusitis and septal deviation with or without inferior turbinate hypertrophy independently impair patient-reported quality of life. Guidelines implore surgeons to include endoscopy to accurately evaluate patient symptoms. Complication rates parallel those of either surgery (ESS and rhinoplasty) alone and are not increased when performed concurrently. Operative time is generally longer for joint surgeries. Patient satisfaction rates are high. Concurrent functional and/or cosmetic rhinoplasty and ESS is a safe endeavor to perform in a single operative setting and most outcomes data suggest excellent patient outcomes. Additional studies that include patient-reported outcome measures are needed.

The Concurrent Validity of Four Tests of Metalinguistic Awareness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Day, Kaaren C.; Day, H. D.

1991-01-01

Examines the concurrent validity of four metalinguistic awareness tests (Written Language Awareness Test, Test of Early Reading Ability, Linguistic Awareness in Reading Readiness Test, and the Concepts about Print Test). Finds rather low concurrent validity coefficients which suggests that further work is needed to clarify the operations required…

Compile-Time Schedulability Analysis of Communicating Concurrent Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-28

synchronize via the read and write operations on the FIFO channels. These operations have been implemented with the help of semaphores , which...3 1.1.2 Synchronous Dataflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.1.3 Boolean Dataflow...described by concurrent programs . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 A synchronous dataflow model, its topology matrix, and repetition vector . 10 1.4 Select and

23 CFR 635.114 - Award of contract and concurrence in award.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE Contract Procedures § 635.114 Award of contract and concurrence in award. (a) Federal-aid contracts shall be awarded only on the basis of the lowest responsive... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Award of contract and concurrence in award. 635.114...

Method for concurrent execution of primitive operations by dynamically assigning operations based upon computational marked graph and availability of data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mielke, Roland V. (Inventor); Stoughton, John W. (Inventor)

1990-01-01

Computationally complex primitive operations of an algorithm are executed concurrently in a plurality of functional units under the control of an assignment manager. The algorithm is preferably defined as a computationally marked graph contianing data status edges (paths) corresponding to each of the data flow edges. The assignment manager assigns primitive operations to the functional units and monitors completion of the primitive operations to determine data availability using the computational marked graph of the algorithm. All data accessing of the primitive operations is performed by the functional units independently of the assignment manager.

Performing concurrent operations in academic vascular neurosurgery does not affect patient outcomes.

PubMed

Zygourakis, Corinna C; Lee, Janelle; Barba, Julio; Lobo, Errol; Lawton, Michael T

2017-11-01

OBJECTIVE Concurrent surgeries, also known as "running two rooms" or simultaneous/overlapping operations, have recently come under intense scrutiny. The goal of this study was to evaluate the operative time and outcomes of concurrent versus nonconcurrent vascular neurosurgical procedures. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed 1219 procedures performed by 1 vascular neurosurgeon from 2012 to 2015 at the University of California, San Francisco. Data were collected on patient age, sex, severity of illness, risk of mortality, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status, procedure type, admission type, insurance, transfer source, procedure time, presence of resident or fellow in operating room (OR), number of co-surgeons, estimated blood loss (EBL), concurrent vs nonconcurrent case, severe sepsis, acute respiratory failure, postoperative stroke causing neurological deficit, unplanned return to OR, 30-day mortality, and 30-day unplanned readmission. For aneurysm clipping cases, data were also obtained on intraoperative aneurysm rupture and postoperative residual aneurysm. Chi-square and t-tests were performed to compare concurrent versus nonconcurrent cases, and then mixed-effects models were created to adjust for different procedure types, patient demographics, and clinical indicators between the 2 groups. RESULTS There was a significant difference in procedure type for concurrent (n = 828) versus nonconcurrent (n = 391) cases. Concurrent cases were more likely to be routine/elective admissions (53% vs 35%, p < 0.001) and physician referrals (59% vs 38%, p < 0.001). This difference in patient/case type was also reflected in the lower severity of illness, risk of death, and ASA class in the concurrent versus nonconcurrent cases (p < 0.01). Concurrent cases had significantly longer procedural times (243 vs 213 minutes) and more unplanned 30-day readmissions (5.7% vs 3.1%), but shorter mean length of hospital stay (11.2 vs 13.7 days), higher rates of discharge to home (66% vs 51%), lower 30-day mortality rates (3.1% vs 6.1%), lower rates of acute respiratory failure (4.3% vs 8.2%), and decreased 30-day unplanned returns to the OR (3.3% vs 6.9%; all p < 0.05). Rates of severe sepsis, postoperative stroke, intraoperative aneurysm rupture, and postoperative aneurysm residual were equivalent between the concurrent and nonconcurrent groups (all p values nonsignificant). Mixed-effects models showed that after controlling for procedure type, patient demographics, and clinical indicators, there was no significant difference in acute respiratory failure, severe sepsis, 30-day readmission, postoperative stroke, EBL, length of stay, discharge status, or intraoperative aneurysm rupture between concurrent and nonconcurrent cases. Unplanned return to the OR and 30-day mortality were significantly lower in concurrent cases (odds ratio 0.55, 95% confidence interval 0.31-0.98, p = 0.0431, and odds ratio 0.81, p < 0.001, respectively), but concurrent cases had significantly longer procedure durations (odds ratio 21.73; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, there was a significant difference in the types of concurrent versus nonconcurrent cases, with more routine/elective cases for less sick patients scheduled in an overlapping fashion. After adjusting for patient demographics, procedure type, and clinical indicators, concurrent cases had longer procedure times, but equivalent patient outcomes, as compared with nonconcurrent vascular neurosurgical procedures.

Interpretive model for ''A Concurrency Method''

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carter, C.L.

1987-01-01

This paper describes an interpreter for ''A Concurrency Method,'' in which concurrency is the inherent mode of operation and not an appendage to sequentiality. This method is based on the notions of data-drive and single-assignment while preserving a natural manner of programming. The interpreter is designed for and implemented on a network of Corvus Concept Personal Workstations, which are based on the Motorola MC68000 super-microcomputer. The interpreter utilizes the MC68000 processors in each workstation by communicating across OMNINET, the local area network designed for the workstations. The interpreter is a complete system, containing an editor, a compiler, an operating systemmore » with load balancer, and a communication facility. The system includes the basic arithmetic and trigonometric primitive operations for mathematical computations as well as the ability to construct more complex operations from these. 9 refs., 5 figs.« less

Concurrent Schedules of Positive and Negative Reinforcement: Differential-Impact and Differential-Outcomes Hypotheses

PubMed Central

Magoon, Michael A; Critchfield, Thomas S

2008-01-01

Considerable evidence from outside of operant psychology suggests that aversive events exert greater influence over behavior than equal-sized positive-reinforcement events. Operant theory is largely moot on this point, and most operant research is uninformative because of a scaling problem that prevents aversive events and those based on positive reinforcement from being directly compared. In the present investigation, humans' mouse-click responses were maintained on similarly structured, concurrent schedules of positive (money gain) and negative (avoidance of money loss) reinforcement. Because gains and losses were of equal magnitude, according to the analytical conventions of the generalized matching law, bias (log b ≠ 0) would indicate differential impact by one type of consequence; however, no systematic bias was observed. Further research is needed to reconcile this outcome with apparently robust findings in other literatures of superior behavior control by aversive events. In an incidental finding, the linear function relating log behavior ratio and log reinforcement ratio was steeper for concurrent negative and positive reinforcement than for control conditions involving concurrent positive reinforcement. This may represent the first empirical confirmation of a free-operant differential-outcomes effect predicted by contingency-discriminability theories of choice. PMID:18683609

A New and General Formulation of the Parametric HFGMC Micromechanical Method for Three-Dimensional Multi-Phase Composites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haj-Ali, Rami; Aboudi, Jacob

2012-01-01

The recent two-dimensional (2-D) parametric formulation of the high fidelity generalized method of cells (HFGMC) reported by the authors is generalized for the micromechanical analysis of three-dimensional (3-D) multiphase composites with periodic microstructure. Arbitrary hexahedral subcell geometry is developed to discretize a triply periodic repeating unit-cell (RUC). Linear parametric-geometric mapping is employed to transform the arbitrary hexahedral subcell shapes from the physical space to an auxiliary orthogonal shape, where a complete quadratic displacement expansion is performed. Previously in the 2-D case, additional three equations are needed in the form of average moments of equilibrium as a result of the inclusion of the bilinear terms. However, the present 3-D parametric HFGMC formulation eliminates the need for such additional equations. This is achieved by expressing the coefficients of the full quadratic polynomial expansion of the subcell in terms of the side or face average-displacement vectors. The 2-D parametric and orthogonal HFGMC are special cases of the present 3-D formulation. The continuity of displacements and tractions, as well as the equilibrium equations, are imposed in the average (integral) sense as in the original HFGMC formulation. Each of the six sides (faces) of a subcell has an independent average displacement micro-variable vector which forms an energy-conjugate pair with the transformed average-traction vector. This allows generating symmetric stiffness matrices along with internal resisting vectors for the subcells which enhances the computational efficiency. The established new parametric 3-D HFGMC equations are formulated and solution implementations are addressed. Several applications for triply periodic 3-D composites are presented to demonstrate the general capability and varsity of the present parametric HFGMC method for refined micromechanical analysis by generating the spatial distributions of local stress fields. These applications include triply periodic composites with inclusions in the form of a cavity, spherical inclusion, ellipsoidal inclusion, discontinuous aligned short fiber. A 3-D repeating unit-cell for foam material composite is simulated.

RMIT Vietnam and Vietnam's Development: Risk and Responsibility

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilmoth, David

2004-01-01

To help bridge the gap between demand and supply for tertiary education, Vietnam has opened to direct, foreign providers, and the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) International University Vietnam is the first of this category. By sponsoring a large project in a country that some see as risky, RMIT Vietnam needs to be triply viable.…

Spectroscopy of the Ωccb baryon in the hypercentral constituent quark model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shah, Zalak; Rai, Ajay Kumar

2018-05-01

We extract the mass spectrum of the triply heavy baryon {{{Ω }}}{{ccb}} using the hypercentral constituent quark model. The first order correction is also added to the potential term of the Hamiltonian. The radial and orbital excited state masses are determined, and the Regge trajectories and magnetic moments for this baryon are also given.

Issues in Real-Time Data Management.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-07-01

2. Multiversion concurrency control [5] interprets write operations as the creation of new ver- sions of the items (in contrast to the update-in...features of optimistic (deferred writing, celayed selection of serialization order) and multiversion concurrency control. They do not present any...34 Multiversion Concurrency Control - Theory and Algorithms". ACM Transactions on Database Systems 8, 4 (December 1983), 465-484. 6. Buchman, A. P

Highway planning and operations for the Dallas district: Implementation and evaluation of concurrent flow HOV lanes in Texas. Research report, September 1996--August 1997

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Skowronek, D.A.; Stoddard, A.M.; Ranft, S.E.

1997-11-01

Limited capital investment for major transportation improvements and growth in metropolitan areas require the most efficient use of the existing transportation system. One means to achieve this is high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. While an extensive system of permanent HOV lanes is planned for the Dallas-Fort Worth urbanized area, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) and Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) have pursued and continue short-term or interim HOV lane projects that would enhance public transportation and overall mobility. There are currently 57 km (35.4 mi) of interim HOV lanes operational in the Dallas area, including a barrier-separated contraflow lane onmore » I-30 (East R.L. Thornton Freeway) and buffer-separated concurrent flow HOV lanes on I-35E North (Stemmons Freeway) and I-635 (Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway). The objective of this research is to investigate the operational effectiveness of the new concurrent flow HOV lanes in the Dallas area, as well as to assess the effectiveness of concurrent flow (buffer-separated) versus contraflow (barrier-separated) HOV lanes. Issues such as person movement, carpool formation, travel time savings, violation rates, and project cost effectiveness are addressed. By understanding the operational performance and issues of both concurrent flow (buffer-separated) HOV lanes and contraflow (barrier-separated) HOV lanes, recommendations can be made on suggested HOV lane polices, including the type of permanent HOV lanes to be implemented in the Dallas area.« less

Space Station Freedom - Configuration management approach to supporting concurrent engineering and total quality management. [for NASA Space Station Freedom Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gavert, Raymond B.

1990-01-01

Some experiences of NASA configuration management in providing concurrent engineering support to the Space Station Freedom program for the achievement of life cycle benefits and total quality are discussed. Three change decision experiences involving tracing requirements and automated information systems of the electrical power system are described. The potential benefits of concurrent engineering and total quality management include improved operational effectiveness, reduced logistics and support requirements, prevention of schedule slippages, and life cycle cost savings. It is shown how configuration management can influence the benefits attained through disciplined approaches and innovations that compel consideration of all the technical elements of engineering and quality factors that apply to the program development, transition to operations and in operations. Configuration management experiences involving the Space Station program's tiered management structure, the work package contractors, international partners, and the participating NASA centers are discussed.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chatman, Shawn ME; Zarzycki, Piotr P.; Preocanin, Tajana

Time dependent potentiometric pH titrations were used to study the effect of atomic scale surface structure on the protonation behavior of the structurally well defined hematite/aqueous electrolyte interfaces. Our recently proposed thermodynamic model [1,23] was applied to measured acidimetric and alkalimetric titration hysteresis loops, collected from highly organized (001), (012), and (113) crystal face terminations using pH equilibration times ranging from 15 to 30 mins. Hysteresis loop areas indicate that (001) faces equilibrate faster than the (012) and (113) faces, consistent with the different expected ensembles of singly, doubly, and triply coordinated surface sites on each face. Strongly non-linear hystereticmore » pH-potential relationships were found, with slopes exceeding Nernstian, collectively indicating that protonation and deprotonation is much more complex than embodied in present day surface complexation models. The asymmetrical shape of the acidimetric and alkalimetric titration branches were used to illustrate a proposed steric "leaky screen" repulsion/trapping interaction mechanism that stems from high affinity singly-coordinated sites electrostatically and sterically screening lower affinity doubly and triply coordinated sites. Our data indicate that site interaction is the dominant phenomenon defining surface potential accumulation behavior on single crystal faces of metal oxide minerals.« less

Inversion symmetry breaking induced triply degenerate points in orderly arranged PtSeTe family materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiao, R. C.; Cheung, C. H.; Gong, P. L.; Lu, W. J.; Si, J. G.; Sun, Y. P.

2018-06-01

k paths exactly with symmetry allow to find triply degenerate points (TDPs) in band structures. The paths that host the type-II Dirac points in PtSe2 family materials also have the spatial symmetry. However, due to Kramers degeneracy (the systems have both inversion symmetry and time reversal symmetry), the crossing points in them are Dirac ones. In this work, based on symmetry analysis, first-principles calculations, and method, we predict that PtSe2 family materials should undergo topological transitions if the inversion symmetry is broken, i.e. the Dirac fermions in PtSe2 family materials split into TDPs in PtSeTe family materials (PtSSe, PtSeTe, and PdSeTe) with orderly arranged S/Se (Se/Te). It is different from the case in high-energy physics that breaking inversion symmetry I leads to the splitting of Dirac fermion into Weyl fermions. We also address a possible method to achieve the orderly arranged in PtSeTe family materials in experiments. Our study provides a real example that Dirac points transform into TDPs, and is helpful to investigate the topological transition between Dirac fermions and TDP fermions.

Reproducing scalar mixing of turbulent jets in a 3D periodic box

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rah, K. Jeff; Blanquart, Guillaume

2017-11-01

A triply periodic DNS is a convenient framework to analyze the turbulent mixing process, since it can produce statistically stationary turbulence. In addition, the periodic boundary condition makes it easy to compute the spatial spectra of scalars. However, it is difficult to create a realistic turbulent flow with such a geometry. In this current investigation, we aim to develop a method to simulate a realistic turbulent mixing process inside a 3D periodic box. The target real flow is an axisymmetric jet with passive scalars on its centerline. The velocity and scalar information of turbulent jets on the centerline is applied to the momentum equation and scalar transport equation in physical space. The result is the combination of a mean gradient term and a linear forcing term in the scalar equation. These new forcing terms are derived to replicate the scalar mixing properties of jets in a triply periodic DNS. The present analysis differs from other forcing schemes for their derivation process did not involve any use of the velocity or scalar information of a real turbulent flow. A set of DNS has been performed with the new forcing term, and various turbulent parameters and spectral relations are compared against experiments.

Control Synthesis for a Class of Hybrid Systems Subject to Configuration-Based Safety Constraints

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heymann, Michael; Lin, Feng; Meyer, George

1997-01-01

We examine a class of hybrid systems which we call Composite Hybrid Machines (CHM's) that consists of the concurrent (and partially synchronized) operation of Elementary Hybrid Machines (EHM's). Legal behavior, specified by a set of illegal configurations that the CHM may not enter, is to be achieved by the concurrent operation of the CHM with a suitably designed legal controller. In the present paper we focus on the problem of synthesizing a legal controller, whenever such a controller exists. More specifically, we address the problem of synthesizing the minimally restrictive legal controller. A controller is minimally restrictive if, when composed to operate concurrently with another legal controller, it will never interfere with the operation of the other controller and, therefore, can be composed to operate concurrently with any other controller that may be designed to achieve liveness specifications or optimality requirements without the need to reinvestigate or reverify legality of the composite controller. We confine our attention to a special class of CHM's where system dynamics is rate-limited and legal guards are conjunctions or disjunctions of atomic formulas in the dynamic variables (of the type x less than or equal to x(sub 0), or x greater than or equal to x(sub 0)). We present an algorithm for synthesis of the minimally restrictive legal controller. We demonstrate our approach by synthesizing a minimally restrictive controller for a steam boiler (the verification of which recently received a great deal of attention).

Effects of Sarin on the Operant Behavior of Guinea Pigs

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-07-19

a after behavioral sessions had ended. The first collection time modified autoshaping procedure (concurrent variable-time was after the final saline...after behavioral sessions had ended. The first collection time modified autoshaping procedure (concurrent variable-time was after the final saline

Concurrent and Overlapping Surgery: Perspectives from Parents of Adolescents Undergoing Spinal Posterior Instrumented Fusion for Idiopathic Scoliosis.

PubMed

Bryant, Jessica; Markes, Alexander; Woolridge, Tiana; Cerruti, Dede; Dzeng, Elizabeth; Koenig, Barbara; Diab, Mohammad

2018-06-12

Prospective cross-sectional survey. To determine the perspectives of parents of patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) regarding simultaneous surgery and trainee participation. Simultaneous ("at the same time") surgery is under scrutiny by the public, government, payers and the medical community. The objective of this study is to determine the perspectives of parents of patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Our goal is to inform the national conversation on this subject with real patient and family voices. A survey was prospectively administered to 31 consecutive parents of patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at a large academic medical center. "Overlapping" was defined as simultaneity during "noncritical" parts of an operation. "Concurrent" was defined as simultaneity that includes "critical" part(s) of an operation. Participants were asked to provide levels of agreement with overlapping and concurrent surgery and anesthesia, as well as with trainee involvement. On average, respondents "strongly agree" with the need to be informed about overlapping or concurrent surgery. They "disagree" with both overlapping and concurrent scheduling, and "disagree" with trainees operating without direct supervision, even for "non-critical" parts. Informing parents about the presence of a back-up surgeon or research demonstrating safety of simultaneous surgery did not make them agreeable to simultaneous scheduling. Parents have a strong desire to be informed of simultaneous spinal surgery as part of consent on behalf of their children. Their disagreement with simultaneous surgery, as well as with trainees operating without direct supervision, suggests discordance with current guidelines and practice and should inform the national conversation moving forward. N/A.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Substance Abusers Adapted for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS with Substance Use Diagnoses and Borderline Personality Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, Elizabeth E.; Miller, Alec L.; Greene, Lori I.; Winiarski, Mark G.

2004-01-01

The primary aim of this article is to describe modifications made to Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for a predominantly ethnic minority population of persons living with HIV/AIDS with substance-use diagnoses and borderline personality disorder (BPD) or three features of BPD plus suicidality (i.e., the triply diagnosed). Despite the myriad…

A PDA-based system for online recording and analysis of concurrent events in complex behavioral processes.

PubMed

Held, Jürgen; Manser, Tanja

2005-02-01

This article outlines how a Palm- or Newton-based PDA (personal digital assistant) system for online event recording was used to record and analyze concurrent events. We describe the features of this PDA-based system, called the FIT-System (flexible interface technique), and its application to the analysis of concurrent events in complex behavioral processes--in this case, anesthesia work processes. The patented FIT-System has a unique user interface design allowing the user to design an interface template with a pencil and paper or using a transparency film. The template usually consists of a drawing or sketch that includes icons or symbols that depict the observer's representation of the situation to be observed. In this study, the FIT-System allowed us to create a design for fast, intuitive online recording of concurrent events using a set of 41 observation codes. An analysis of concurrent events leads to a description of action density, and our results revealed a characteristic distribution of action density during the administration of anesthesia in the operating room. This distribution indicated the central role of the overlapping operations in the action sequences of medical professionals as they deal with the varying requirements of this complex task. We believe that the FIT-System for online recording of concurrent events in complex behavioral processes has the potential to be useful across a broad spectrum of research areas.

Aerospace Concurrent Engineering Design Teams: Current State, Next Steps and a Vision for the Future

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hihn, Jairus; Chattopadhyay, Debarati; Karpati, Gabriel; McGuire, Melissa; Borden, Chester; Panek, John; Warfield, Keith

2011-01-01

Over the past sixteen years, government aerospace agencies and aerospace industry have developed and evolved operational concurrent design teams to create novel spaceflight mission concepts and designs. These capabilities and teams, however, have evolved largely independently. In today's environment of increasingly complex missions with limited budgets it is becoming readily apparent that both implementing organizations and today's concurrent engineering teams will need to interact more often than they have in the past. This will require significant changes in the current state of practice. This paper documents the findings from a concurrent engineering workshop held in August 2010 to identify the key near term improvement areas for concurrent engineering capabilities and challenges to the long-term advancement of concurrent engineering practice. The paper concludes with a discussion of a proposed vision for the evolution of these teams over the next decade.

An algebra of discrete event processes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heymann, Michael; Meyer, George

1991-01-01

This report deals with an algebraic framework for modeling and control of discrete event processes. The report consists of two parts. The first part is introductory, and consists of a tutorial survey of the theory of concurrency in the spirit of Hoare's CSP, and an examination of the suitability of such an algebraic framework for dealing with various aspects of discrete event control. To this end a new concurrency operator is introduced and it is shown how the resulting framework can be applied. It is further shown that a suitable theory that deals with the new concurrency operator must be developed. In the second part of the report the formal algebra of discrete event control is developed. At the present time the second part of the report is still an incomplete and occasionally tentative working paper.

Signing and pavement marking for concurrent-flow high-occupancy-vehicle lanes : summary of current practice

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Concurrent-flow lanes account for more than half of existing high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) mileage in the United States. Traffic on this type of HOV lane operates in the same direction as the adjacent traffic, typically in the far-left lane. Limited n...

Highway planning and operations for the Dallas district: Implementation and evaluation of concurrent flow HOV lanes in Texas. Project summary report 1994-14S, September 1996--August 1997

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Skowronek, D.A.; Stoddard, A.M.; Ranft, S.E.

1997-11-01

Limited capital investment for major transportation improvements and growth in metropolitan areas require the most efficient use of the existing transportation system. One means to achieve this is high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. While an extensive system of permanent HOV lanes is planned for the Dallas-Fort Worth urbanized area, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) and Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) have pursued and continue to pursue short-term or interim HOV lane projects that would enhance public transportation and overall mobility. There are currently 57 km (35.4 mi) of interim HOV lanes operational in the Dallas area, including a barrier-separated contraflowmore » lane on I-30 (East R.L. Thornton Freeway) and buffer-separated concurrent flow HOV lanes on I-35E North (Stemmons Freeway) and I-635 (Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway). The objective of this research is to investigate the operational effectiveness of concurrent flow (buffer-separated) versus contraflow (barrier-separated) HOV lanes. Issues such as person movement, carpool formation, travel time savings, violation rates, and project cost effectiveness are addressed. By understanding the operational performance and issues of both concurrent flow (buffer-separated) HOV lanes and contraflow (barrier-separated) HOV lanes, recommendations can be made on suggested HOV lane policies, including the type of permanent HOV lanes to be implemented in the Dallas area.« less

Synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl complexes of divalent cobalt and nickel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Smith, Michael Edward

1993-10-01

The thesis is divided into the following 4 chapters: synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of trinuclear pentamethylcyclopentadienyl cobalt and nickel clusters with triply-bridging methylidyne groups; chemical and physical properties of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl acetylacetonate complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II); synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl halide complexes of Co and Ni; and crystallographic studies of distortions in metallocenes with C 5-symmetrical cyclopentadienyl rings.

Protonation States of Homocitrate and Nearby Residues in Nitrogenase Studied by Computational Methods and Quantum Refinement.

PubMed

Cao, Lili; Caldararu, Octav; Ryde, Ulf

2017-09-07

Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can break the triple bond in N 2 to form two molecules of ammonia. The enzyme has been thoroughly studied with both experimental and computational methods, but there is still no consensus regarding the atomic details of the reaction mechanism. In the most common form, the active site is a MoFe 7 S 9 C(homocitrate) cluster. The homocitrate ligand contains one alcohol and three carboxylate groups. In water solution, the triply deprotonated form dominates, but because the alcohol (and one of the carboxylate groups) coordinate to the Mo ion, this may change in the enzyme. We have performed a series of computational calculations with molecular dynamics (MD), quantum mechanical (QM) cluster, combined QM and molecular mechanics (QM/MM), QM/MM with Poisson-Boltzmann and surface area solvation, QM/MM thermodynamic cycle perturbations, and quantum refinement methods to settle the most probable protonation state of the homocitrate ligand in nitrogenase. The results quite conclusively point out a triply deprotonated form (net charge -3) with a proton shared between the alcohol and one of the carboxylate groups as the most stable at pH 7. Moreover, we have studied eight ionizable protein residues close to the active site with MD simulations and determined the most likely protonation states.

Effect of surface site interactions on potentiometric titration of hematite (α-Fe2O3) crystal faces.

PubMed

Chatman, Shawn; Zarzycki, P; Preočanin, T; Rosso, K M

2013-02-01

Time dependent potentiometric pH titrations were used to study the effect of atomic scale surface structure on the protonation behavior of the structurally well-defined hematite/electrolyte interfaces. Our recently proposed thermodynamic model [1,25] was applied to measured acidimetric and alkalimetric titration hysteresis loops, collected from highly organized (001), (012), and (113) crystal face terminations using pH equilibration times ranging from 15 to 30 min. Hysteresis loop areas indicate that (001) faces equilibrate faster than the (012) and (113) faces, consistent with the different expected ensembles of singly-, doubly-, and triply-coordinated surface sites on each face. Strongly non-linear hysteretic pH-potential relationships were found, with slopes exceeding Nernstian, collectively indicating that protonation and deprotonation is much more complex than embodied in present day surface complexation models. The asymmetrical shape of the acidimetric and alkalimetric titration branches were used to illustrate a proposed steric "leaky screen" repulsion/trapping interaction mechanism that stems from high affinity singly-coordinated sites electrostatically and sterically screening lower affinity doubly- and triply-coordinated sites. Our data indicate that site interaction is the dominant phenomenon defining surface potential accumulation behavior on single crystal faces of metal oxide minerals. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Photoionization and Photofragmentation of Carbon Fullerene Molecular Ions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baral, Kiran Kumar

Cross sections are reported for single and double photoionization accompanied by the loss of as many as seven pairs of C atoms of C60 + and C70+ fullerene molecular ions in the photon energy range 18 eV to 150 eV. These measurements were performed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) by merging a mass-selected ion beam with a beam of monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Threshold energies were determined for the formation of doubly and triply charged fragment ions from parent ions C60+ and C70+. The energy dependences of cross-sections for direct photoionization yielding C60 2+ and C702+ are compared with those for forming different doubly and triply charged fullerene fragment ions. Two-dimensional product ion scans were measured and quantified at four discrete photon energies: 35 eV, 65 eV, 105 eV and 140 eV, in the vacuum ultraviolet region, providing a comprehensive mapping of the product channels involving single ionization of fullerene ions C60+ and C 70+ accompanied by fragmentation. Since fullerenes are composed of even numbers of carbon atoms, the fragmentation occurs by the loss of differing numbers of carbon atom pairs. In addition to pure ionization, fragmentation product channels become relatively more important at higher photon energies.

Ce3+/Yb3+/Er3+ triply doped bismuth borosilicate glass: a potential fiber material for broadband near-infrared fiber amplifiers

PubMed Central

Chu, Yushi; Ren, Jing; Zhang, Jianzhong; Peng, Gangding; Yang, Jun; Wang, Pengfei; Yuan, Libo

2016-01-01

Erbium doped bismuth borosilicate (BBS) glasses, possessing the broadest 1.55 μm near infrared (NIR) emission band among oxide glasses, stand out as excellent fiber material for optical fiber amplifiers. In this work, we demonstrate that both broadened and enhanced NIR emission of Er3+ can be obtained by sensibly combining the effects such as mixed glass former effect, phonon-assisted energy transfer (PAET) and de-excitation effect induced by codopant. Specially, by codoping CeO2 in a controlled manner, it leads to not only much improved optical quality of the glasses, enhanced NIR emission, but also significantly suppressed energy transfer up-conversion (ETU) luminescence which is detrimental to the NIR emission. Cerium incorporated in the glasses exists overwhelmingly as the trivalent oxidation state Ce3+ and its effects on the luminescence properties of Er3+ are discussed. Judd-Ofelt analysis is used to evaluate gain amplification of the glasses. The result indicates that Ce3+/Yb3+/Er3+ triply doped BBS glasses are promising candidate for erbium doped fiber amplifiers. The strategy described here can be readily extended to other rare-earth ions (REs) to improve the performance of REs doped fiber lasers and amplifiers. PMID:27646191

Evaluation of concurrent priority queue algorithms. Technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huang, Q.

1991-02-01

The priority queue is a fundamental data structure that is used in a large variety of parallel algorithms, such as multiprocessor scheduling and parallel best-first search of state-space graphs. This thesis addresses the design and experimental evaluation of two novel concurrent priority queues: a parallel Fibonacci heap and a concurrent priority pool, and compares them with the concurrent binary heap. The parallel Fibonacci heap is based on the sequential Fibonacci heap, which is theoretically the most efficient data structure for sequential priority queues. This scheme not only preserves the efficient operation time bounds of its sequential counterpart, but also hasmore » very low contention by distributing locks over the entire data structure. The experimental results show its linearly scalable throughput and speedup up to as many processors as tested (currently 18). A concurrent access scheme for a doubly linked list is described as part of the implementation of the parallel Fibonacci heap. The concurrent priority pool is based on the concurrent B-tree and the concurrent pool. The concurrent priority pool has the highest throughput among the priority queues studied. Like the parallel Fibonacci heap, the concurrent priority pool scales linearly up to as many processors as tested. The priority queues are evaluated in terms of throughput and speedup. Some applications of concurrent priority queues such as the vertex cover problem and the single source shortest path problem are tested.« less

Modeling and optimum time performance for concurrent processing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mielke, Roland R.; Stoughton, John W.; Som, Sukhamoy

1988-01-01

The development of a new graph theoretic model for describing the relation between a decomposed algorithm and its execution in a data flow environment is presented. Called ATAMM, the model consists of a set of Petri net marked graphs useful for representing decision-free algorithms having large-grained, computationally complex primitive operations. Performance time measures which determine computing speed and throughput capacity are defined, and the ATAMM model is used to develop lower bounds for these times. A concurrent processing operating strategy for achieving optimum time performance is presented and illustrated by example.

Parallel Algorithms and Patterns

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Robey, Robert W.

2016-06-16

This is a powerpoint presentation on parallel algorithms and patterns. A parallel algorithm is a well-defined, step-by-step computational procedure that emphasizes concurrency to solve a problem. Examples of problems include: Sorting, searching, optimization, matrix operations. A parallel pattern is a computational step in a sequence of independent, potentially concurrent operations that occurs in diverse scenarios with some frequency. Examples are: Reductions, prefix scans, ghost cell updates. We only touch on parallel patterns in this presentation. It really deserves its own detailed discussion which Gabe Rockefeller would like to develop.

Performance Modeling in CUDA Streams - A Means for High-Throughput Data Processing.

PubMed

Li, Hao; Yu, Di; Kumar, Anand; Tu, Yi-Cheng

2014-10-01

Push-based database management system (DBMS) is a new type of data processing software that streams large volume of data to concurrent query operators. The high data rate of such systems requires large computing power provided by the query engine. In our previous work, we built a push-based DBMS named G-SDMS to harness the unrivaled computational capabilities of modern GPUs. A major design goal of G-SDMS is to support concurrent processing of heterogenous query processing operations and enable resource allocation among such operations. Understanding the performance of operations as a result of resource consumption is thus a premise in the design of G-SDMS. With NVIDIA's CUDA framework as the system implementation platform, we present our recent work on performance modeling of CUDA kernels running concurrently under a runtime mechanism named CUDA stream . Specifically, we explore the connection between performance and resource occupancy of compute-bound kernels and develop a model that can predict the performance of such kernels. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth anatomy of the CUDA stream mechanism and summarize the main kernel scheduling disciplines in it. Our models and derived scheduling disciplines are verified by extensive experiments using synthetic and real-world CUDA kernels.

Multitasking Operating Systems for the IBM PC.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owen, G. Scott

1985-01-01

The ability of a microcomputer to execute several programs at the same time is called "multitasking." The nature and use of one multitasking operating system Concurrent PC-DOS from Digital Research (the developers of the CP/M operating system) are discussed. (JN)

Some Effects of Procedural Variations on Choice Responding in Concurrent Chains

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, J.

2009-01-01

The present research used pigeons in a three-key operant chamber and varied procedural features pertaining to both initial and terminal links of concurrent chains. The initial links randomly alternated on the side keys during a session, while the terminal links always appeared on the center key. Both equal and unequal initial-link schedules were…

The Effects of Task Fluency and Concurrent Reinforcement Schedules on Student Choice Allocation between Math Tasks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zaman, Maliha

2010-01-01

Students may avoid working on difficult tasks because it takes them longer to complete those tasks, which results in a delay to reinforcement. Research studies show that reinforcer and response dimensions can be manipulated within a concurrent operants framework to bias choice allocation toward more difficult tasks. The current study extends…

A C++ Thread Package for Concurrent and Parallel Programming

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jie Chen; William Watson

1999-11-01

Recently thread libraries have become a common entity on various operating systems such as Unix, Windows NT and VxWorks. Those thread libraries offer significant performance enhancement by allowing applications to use multiple threads running either concurrently or in parallel on multiprocessors. However, the incompatibilities between native libraries introduces challenges for those who wish to develop portable applications.

Investigation of the probability of concurrent drought events between the water source and destination regions of China's water diversion project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xiaomang; Luo, Yuzhou; Yang, Tiantian; Liang, Kang; Zhang, Minghua; Liu, Changming

2015-10-01

In this study, we investigate the concurrent drought probability between the water source and destination regions of the central route of China's South to North Water Diversion Project. We find that both regions have been drying from 1960 to 2013. The estimated return period of concurrent drought events in both regions is 11 years. However, since 1997, these regions have experienced 5 years of simultaneous drought. The projection results of global climate models show that the probability of concurrent drought events is highly likely to increase during 2020 to 2050. The increasing concurrent drought events will challenge the success of the water diversion project, which is a strategic attempt to resolve the water crisis of North China Plain. The data suggest great urgency in preparing adaptive measures to ensure the long-term sustainable operation of the water diversion project.

Low cost management of replicated data in fault-tolerant distributed systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Joseph, Thomas A.; Birman, Kenneth P.

1990-01-01

Many distributed systems replicate data for fault tolerance or availability. In such systems, a logical update on a data item results in a physical update on a number of copies. The synchronization and communication required to keep the copies of replicated data consistent introduce a delay when operations are performed. A technique is described that relaxes the usual degree of synchronization, permitting replicated data items to be updated concurrently with other operations, while at the same time ensuring that correctness is not violated. The additional concurrency thus obtained results in better response time when performing operations on replicated data. How this technique performs in conjunction with a roll-back and a roll-forward failure recovery mechanism is also discussed.

Performance Modeling in CUDA Streams - A Means for High-Throughput Data Processing

PubMed Central

Li, Hao; Yu, Di; Kumar, Anand; Tu, Yi-Cheng

2015-01-01

Push-based database management system (DBMS) is a new type of data processing software that streams large volume of data to concurrent query operators. The high data rate of such systems requires large computing power provided by the query engine. In our previous work, we built a push-based DBMS named G-SDMS to harness the unrivaled computational capabilities of modern GPUs. A major design goal of G-SDMS is to support concurrent processing of heterogenous query processing operations and enable resource allocation among such operations. Understanding the performance of operations as a result of resource consumption is thus a premise in the design of G-SDMS. With NVIDIA’s CUDA framework as the system implementation platform, we present our recent work on performance modeling of CUDA kernels running concurrently under a runtime mechanism named CUDA stream. Specifically, we explore the connection between performance and resource occupancy of compute-bound kernels and develop a model that can predict the performance of such kernels. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth anatomy of the CUDA stream mechanism and summarize the main kernel scheduling disciplines in it. Our models and derived scheduling disciplines are verified by extensive experiments using synthetic and real-world CUDA kernels. PMID:26566545

Advanced Collaborative Environments Supporting Systems Integration and Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-03-01

concurrently view a virtual system or product model while maintaining natural, human communication . These virtual systems operate within a computer-generated...These environments allow multiple individuals to concurrently view a virtual system or product model while simultaneously maintaining natural, human ... communication . As a result, TARDEC researchers and system developers are using this advanced high-end visualization technology to develop future

Mechanical properties of ceramic structures based on Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) processed by 3D printing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Restrepo, S.; Ocampo, S.; Ramírez, J. A.; Paucar, C.; García, C.

2017-12-01

Repairing tissues and organs has been the main goal of surgical procedures. Since the 1990s, the main goal of tissue engineering has been reparation, using porous scaffolds that serve as a three-dimensional template for the initial fixation of cells and subsequent tissue formation both in vitro and in vivo. A scaffold must have specific characteristics of porosity, interconnectivity, surface area, pore volume, surface tortuosity, permeability and mechanical properties, which makes its design, manufacturing and characterization a complex process. Inspired by nature, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have emerged as an alternative for the manufacture of porous pieces with design requirements, such as scaffolds for tissue repair. In the present work, we used the technique of 3D printing to obtain ceramic structures with Gyroid, Schwarz Primitive and Schwarz Diamond Surfaces shapes, three TPMS that fulfil the geometric requirements of a bone tissue scaffold. The main objective of this work is to compare the mechanical properties of ceramic pieces of three different forms of TPMS printed in 3D using a commercial ceramic paste. In this way it will be possible to clarify which is the TPMS with appropriate characteristics to construct scaffolds of ceramic materials for bone repair. A dependence of the mechanical properties with the geometry was found being the Primitive Surface which shows the highest mechanical properties.

Observation of three-component fermions in the topological semimetal molybdenum phosphide.

PubMed

Lv, B Q; Feng, Z-L; Xu, Q-N; Gao, X; Ma, J-Z; Kong, L-Y; Richard, P; Huang, Y-B; Strocov, V N; Fang, C; Weng, H-M; Shi, Y-G; Qian, T; Ding, H

2017-06-29

In quantum field theory, Lorentz invariance leads to three types of fermion-Dirac, Weyl and Majorana. Although the existence of Weyl and Majorana fermions as elementary particles in high-energy physics is debated, all three types of fermion have been proposed to exist as low-energy, long-wavelength quasiparticle excitations in condensed-matter systems. The existence of Dirac and Weyl fermions in condensed-matter systems has been confirmed experimentally, and that of Majorana fermions is supported by various experiments. However, in condensed-matter systems, fermions in crystals are constrained by the symmetries of the 230 crystal space groups rather than by Lorentz invariance, giving rise to the possibility of finding other types of fermionic excitation that have no counterparts in high-energy physics. Here we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to demonstrate the existence of a triply degenerate point in the electronic structure of crystalline molybdenum phosphide. Quasiparticle excitations near a triply degenerate point are three-component fermions, beyond the conventional Dirac-Weyl-Majorana classification, which attributes Dirac and Weyl fermions to four- and two-fold degenerate points, respectively. We also observe pairs of Weyl points in the bulk electronic structure of the crystal that coexist with the three-component fermions. This material thus represents a platform for studying the interplay between different types of fermions. Our experimental discovery opens up a way of exploring the new physics of unconventional fermions in condensed-matter systems.

Observation of three-component fermions in the topological semimetal molybdenum phosphide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lv, B. Q.; Feng, Z.-L.; Xu, Q.-N.; Gao, X.; Ma, J.-Z.; Kong, L.-Y.; Richard, P.; Huang, Y.-B.; Strocov, V. N.; Fang, C.; Weng, H.-M.; Shi, Y.-G.; Qian, T.; Ding, H.

2017-06-01

In quantum field theory, Lorentz invariance leads to three types of fermion—Dirac, Weyl and Majorana. Although the existence of Weyl and Majorana fermions as elementary particles in high-energy physics is debated, all three types of fermion have been proposed to exist as low-energy, long-wavelength quasiparticle excitations in condensed-matter systems. The existence of Dirac and Weyl fermions in condensed-matter systems has been confirmed experimentally, and that of Majorana fermions is supported by various experiments. However, in condensed-matter systems, fermions in crystals are constrained by the symmetries of the 230 crystal space groups rather than by Lorentz invariance, giving rise to the possibility of finding other types of fermionic excitation that have no counterparts in high-energy physics. Here we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to demonstrate the existence of a triply degenerate point in the electronic structure of crystalline molybdenum phosphide. Quasiparticle excitations near a triply degenerate point are three-component fermions, beyond the conventional Dirac-Weyl-Majorana classification, which attributes Dirac and Weyl fermions to four- and two-fold degenerate points, respectively. We also observe pairs of Weyl points in the bulk electronic structure of the crystal that coexist with the three-component fermions. This material thus represents a platform for studying the interplay between different types of fermions. Our experimental discovery opens up a way of exploring the new physics of unconventional fermions in condensed-matter systems.

Microstructural and surface modifications and hydroxyapatite coating of Ti-6Al-4V triply periodic minimal surface lattices fabricated by selective laser melting.

PubMed

Yan, Chunze; Hao, Liang; Hussein, Ahmed; Wei, Qingsong; Shi, Yusheng

2017-06-01

Ti-6Al-4V Gyroid triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattices were manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). The as-built Ti-6Al-4V lattices exhibit an out-of-equilibrium microstructure with very fine α' martensitic laths. When subjected to the heat treatment of 1050°C for 4h followed by furnace cooling, the lattices show a homogenous and equilibrium lamellar α+β microstructure with less dislocation and crystallographic defects compared with the as-built α' martensite. The as-built lattices present very rough strut surfaces bonded with plenty of partially melted metal particles. The sand blasting nearly removed all the bonded metal particles, but created many tiny cracks. The HCl etching eliminated these tiny cracks, and subsequent NaOH etching resulted in many small and shallow micro-pits and develops a sodium titanate hydrogel layer on the surfaces of the lattices. When soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF), the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices were covered with a compact and homogeneous biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA) layer. This work proposes a new method for making Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices with a homogenous and equilibrium microstructure and biomimetic HA coating, which show both tough and bioactive characteristics and can be promising materials usable as bone substitutes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Linking consistency with object/thread semantics - An approach to robust computation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, Raymond C.; Dasgupta, Partha

1989-01-01

This paper presents an object/thread based paradigm that links data consistency with object/thread semantics. The paradigm can be used to achieve a wide range of consistency semantics from strict atomic transactions to standard process semantics. The paradigm supports three types of data consistency. Object programmers indicate the type of consistency desired on a per-operation basis and the system performs automatic concurrency control and recovery management to ensure that those consistency requirements are met. This allows programmers to customize consistency and recovery on a per-application basis without having to supply complicated, custom recovery management schemes. The paradigm allows robust and nonrobust computation to operate concurrently on the same data in a well defined manner. The operating system needs to support only one vehicle of computation - the thread.

Concurrent error detecting codes for arithmetic processors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lim, R. S.

1979-01-01

A method of concurrent error detection for arithmetic processors is described. Low-cost residue codes with check-length l and checkbase m = 2 to the l power - 1 are described for checking arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division complement, shift, and rotate. Of the three number representations, the signed-magnitude representation is preferred for residue checking. Two methods of residue generation are described: the standard method of using modulo m adders and the method of using a self-testing residue tree. A simple single-bit parity-check code is described for checking the logical operations of XOR, OR, and AND, and also the arithmetic operations of complement, shift, and rotate. For checking complement, shift, and rotate, the single-bit parity-check code is simpler to implement than the residue codes.

Modeling of dialogue regimes of distance robot control

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Larkin, E. V.; Privalov, A. N.

2017-02-01

Process of distance control of mobile robots is investigated. Petri-Markov net for modeling of dialogue regime is worked out. It is shown, that sequence of operations of next subjects: a human operator, a dialogue computer and an onboard computer may be simulated with use the theory of semi-Markov processes. From the semi-Markov process of the general form Markov process was obtained, which includes only states of transaction generation. It is shown, that a real transaction flow is the result of «concurrency» in states of Markov process. Iteration procedure for evaluation of transaction flow parameters, which takes into account effect of «concurrency», is proposed.

[Neurologist and emergency neuroendovascular revascularization -training programs for endovascular procedures-].

PubMed

Imai, Keisuke; Hamanaka, Masashi; Yamada, Takehiro; Yamazaki, Hidekazu; Yamamoto, Atsushi; Tsuto, Kazuma; Takegami, Tetsuro; Umezawa, Kunihiko; Ikeda, Eito; Mizuno, Toshiki

2014-01-01

Emergency neuroendovascular revascularization is a reperfusion therapy for acute stroke. The operator for this therapy has to obtain a license as a specialist in endovascular procedures. For neurologists wishing to acquire this license, there are two kinds of training programs: full-time training and concurrent training. Full-time training was chosen by the first author of this review, while concurrent training will be performed by staff in the author's department. The advantage of full-time training is the acquisition of a lot of experience of various diseases that are treated with endovascular procedures and managed in the periprocedural period. However, full-time training has the disadvantages of a requirement to discontinue medical care of neurological diseases except for stroke and employment at a remote institution. The advantages and disadvantages of concurrent training are the reverse of those of full-time training. Neither training system can succeed without cooperation from Departments of Neurology in neighboring universities and the institutional Department of Neurosurgery. It is particularly important for each neurologist to establish a goal of becoming an operator for recanalization therapy alone or for all fields of endovascular procedures because training will differ for attainment of each operator's goal.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Macek, Joseph H; Sternberg, James; Ovchinnikov, Serguei Yurevich

Deep minima in He(e,2e)He{sup +} triply differential cross sections are traced to vortices in atomic wave functions. Such vortices have been predicted earlier, but the present calculations show that they have also been observed experimentally, although not recognized as vortices. Their observation in (e,2e) measurements shows that vortices play an important role in electron correlations related to the transfer of angular momentum between incident and ejected electrons. The vortices significantly extend the list of known features that summarize the general picture of electron correlations in impact ionization.

Readily functionalized AAA-DDD triply hydrogen-bonded motifs.

PubMed

Tong, Feng; Linares-Mendez, Iamnica J; Han, Yi-Fei; Wisner, James A; Wang, Hong-Bo

2018-04-25

Herein we present a new, readily functionalized AAA-DDD hydrogen bond array. A novel AAA monomeric unit (3a-b) was obtained from a two-step synthetic procedure starting with 2-aminonicotinaldehyde via microwave radiation (overall yield of 52-66%). 1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed the complexation event with a calculated association constant of 1.57 × 107 M-1. Likewise, the usefulness of this triple hydrogen bond motif in supramolecular polymerization was demonstrated through viscosity measurements in a crosslinked supramolecular alternating copolymer.

Effect of Water Vapor Pressure on Fatigue Crack Growth in Al-Zn-Cu-Mg Alloy Over Wide-Range Stress Intensity Factor Loading

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-07

impacts: (a) crack closure, (b) transport of water vapor molecules within the fatigue crack (47], and (c) tensile stress-plastic strain range...sealed stainless steel UHV chamber. Pure water vapor was introduced from a sealed glass flask containing triply distilled water, via a precision leak...lamellar for H1 flow in a fatigue crack in steel ; specifically, flow is dominated by the low dynamic viscosity of a gas (particularly at low pressures) and

Characterization of Deep and Shallow Levels in GaN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wessels, Bruce

1997-03-01

The role of native defects and impurities in compensating n-type GaN was investigated. From the observed dependence of carrier concentration on dopant partial pressure the compensating acceptor in n-type material is attributed to the triply charged gallium vacancy. This is consistent with recent calculations on defect stability using density functional theory. The interaction of hydrogen and point defects in GaN was also investigated using FTIR. The role of these defects in compensation will be discussed.

A symmetric, triply interlaced 3-D anionic MOF that exhibits both magnetic order and SMM behaviour.

PubMed

Campo, J; Falvello, L R; Forcén-Vázquez, E; Sáenz de Pipaón, C; Palacio, F; Tomás, M

2016-11-14

A newly prepared 3-D polymer of cobalt citrate cubanes bridged by high-spin Co(ii) centres displays both single-molecule magnet (SMM) behaviour and magnetic ordering. Triple interpenetration of the 3-D diamondoid polymers yields a crystalline solid with channels that host cations and free water molecules, with the SMM behaviour of the Co 4 O 4 cores preserved. The octahedrally coordinated Co(ii) bridges are implicated in the onset of magnetic order at an experimentally accessible temperature.

Multicharmed Baryon Production in High Energy Nuclear Collisions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Jiaxing; Zhuang, Pengfei

2017-03-01

We study nuclear medium effect on multicharmed baryon production in relativistic heavy ion collisions. By solving the three-quark Schroedinger equation at finite temperature, we calculate the wave functions and Wigner functions for doubly and triply charmed baryons Ξ_{cc} and Ω_{ccc}. Their production in nuclear collisions is largely enhanced due to the combination of uncorrelated charm quarks in the quark-gluon plasma. It is most probable to discover these new particles in heavy ion collisions at the RHIC and LHC energies.

Concurrent criterion validity of the safe driving behavior measure: a predictor of on-road driving outcomes.

PubMed

Classen, Sherrilene; Wang, Yanning; Winter, Sandra M; Velozo, Craig A; Lanford, Desiree N; Bédard, Michel

2013-01-01

We determined the concurrent criterion validity of the Safe Driving Behavior Measure (SDBM) for on-road outcomes (passing or failing the on-road test as determined by a certified driving rehabilitation specialist) among older drivers and their family members-caregivers. On the basis of ratings from 168 older drivers and 168 family members-caregivers, we calculated receiver operating characteristic curves. The drivers' area under the curve (AUC) was .620 (95% confidence interval [CI] = .514-.725, p = .043). The family members-caregivers' AUC was .726 (95% CI = .622-.829, p ≤ .01). Older drivers' ratings showed statistically significant yet poor concurrent criterion validity, but family members-caregivers' ratings showed good concurrent criterion validity for the criterion on-road driving test. Continuing research with a more representative sample is being pursued to confirm the SDBM's concurrent criterion validity. This screening tool may be useful for generalist practitioners to use in making decisions regarding driving. Copyright © 2013 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.

Concurrent Criterion Validity of the Safe Driving Behavior Measure: A Predictor of On-Road Driving Outcomes

PubMed Central

Wang, Yanning; Winter, Sandra M.; Velozo, Craig A.; Lanford, Desiree N.; Bédard, Michel

2013-01-01

We determined the concurrent criterion validity of the Safe Driving Behavior Measure (SDBM) for on-road outcomes (passing or failing the on-road test as determined by a certified driving rehabilitation specialist) among older drivers and their family members–caregivers. On the basis of ratings from 168 older drivers and 168 family members–caregivers, we calculated receiver operating characteristic curves. The drivers’ area under the curve (AUC) was .620 (95% confidence interval [CI] = .514–.725, p = .043). The family members–caregivers’ AUC was .726 (95% CI = .622–.829, p ≤ .01). Older drivers’ ratings showed statistically significant yet poor concurrent criterion validity, but family members–caregivers’ ratings showed good concurrent criterion validity for the criterion on-road driving test. Continuing research with a more representative sample is being pursued to confirm the SDBM’s concurrent criterion validity. This screening tool may be useful for generalist practitioners to use in making decisions regarding driving. PMID:23245789

Why Do People Make Mistakes?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barshi, Immanuel

2016-01-01

Multitasking is endemic in modern life and work: drivers talk on cell phones, office workers type while answering phone calls, students do homework while text messaging, nurses prepare injections while responding to doctors calls, and air traffic controllers direct aircraft in one sector while handling additional traffic in another. Whether in daily life or at work, we are constantly bombarded with multiple, concurrent interruptions and demands and we have all somehow come to believe in the myth that we can, and in fact are expected to, easily address them all - without any repercussions. However, accumulating scientific evidence is now suggesting that multitasking increases the probability of human error. This talk presents a set of NASA studies that characterize concurrent demands in one work domain, routine airline cockpit operations, in order to illustrate the ways operational task demands together with the proclivity to manage them all concurrently make human performance in this and in any domain vulnerable to potentially serious errors and to accidents.

Uncovering the problem-solving process: cued retrospective reporting versus concurrent and retrospective reporting.

PubMed

van Gog, Tamara; Paas, Fred; van Merriënboer, Jeroen J G; Witte, Puk

2005-12-01

This study investigated the amounts of problem-solving process information ("action," "why," "how," and "metacognitive") elicited by means of concurrent, retrospective, and cued retrospective reporting. In a within-participants design, 26 participants completed electrical circuit troubleshooting tasks under different reporting conditions. The method of cued retrospective reporting used the original computer-based task and a superimposed record of the participant's eye fixations and mouse-keyboard operations as a cue for retrospection. Cued retrospective reporting (with the exception of why information) and concurrent reporting (with the exception of metacognitive information) resulted in a higher number of codes on the different types of information than did retrospective reporting.

Specification and Verification of Secure Concurrent and Distributed Software Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-02-01

primitive search strategies work for operating systems that contain relatively few operations . As the number of operations increases, so does the the...others have granted him access to, etc . The burden of security falls on the operating system , although appropriate hardware support can minimize the...Guttag, J. Horning, and R. Levin. Synchronization primitives for a multiprocessor: a formal specification. Symposium on Operating System Principles

Petri net model for analysis of concurrently processed complex algorithms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoughton, John W.; Mielke, Roland R.

1986-01-01

This paper presents a Petri-net model suitable for analyzing the concurrent processing of computationally complex algorithms. The decomposed operations are to be processed in a multiple processor, data driven architecture. Of particular interest is the application of the model to both the description of the data/control flow of a particular algorithm, and to the general specification of the data driven architecture. A candidate architecture is also presented.

Concurrent Schedules of Positive and Negative Reinforcement: Differential-Impact and Differential-Outcomes Hypotheses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magoon, Michael A.; Critchfield, Thomas S.

2008-01-01

Considerable evidence from outside of operant psychology suggests that aversive events exert greater influence over behavior than equal-sized positive-reinforcement events. Operant theory is largely moot on this point, and most operant research is uninformative because of a scaling problem that prevents aversive events and those based on positive…

Considerations in the Integration of Small Aircraft Transportation System Higher Volume Operations (SATSHVO) in the National Airspace System (NAS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lohr, Gary W.; Williams, Dan; Abbott, Terence; Baxley, Brian; Greco, Adam; Ridgway, Richard

2005-01-01

The Small Aircraft Transportation System Higher Volume Operations (SATS HVO) concept holds the promise for increased efficiency and throughput at many of the nations under-used airports. This concept allows for concurrent operations at uncontrolled airports that under today s procedures are restricted to one arrival or one departure operation at a time, when current-day IFR separation standards are applied. To allow for concurrent operations, SATS HVO proposes several fundamental changes to today's system. These changes include: creation of dedicated airspace, development of new procedures and communications (phraseologies), and assignment of roles and responsibilities for pilots and controllers, among others. These changes would affect operations on the airborne side (pilot) as well as the groundside (controller and air traffic flow process). The focus of this paper is to discuss some of the issues and potential problems that have been considered in the development of the SATS HVO concept, in particular from the ground side perspective. Reasonable solutions to the issues raised here have been proposed by the SATS HVO team, and are discussed in this paper.

Generalized concurrence in boson sampling.

PubMed

Chin, Seungbeom; Huh, Joonsuk

2018-04-17

A fundamental question in linear optical quantum computing is to understand the origin of the quantum supremacy in the physical system. It is found that the multimode linear optical transition amplitudes are calculated through the permanents of transition operator matrices, which is a hard problem for classical simulations (boson sampling problem). We can understand this problem by considering a quantum measure that directly determines the runtime for computing the transition amplitudes. In this paper, we suggest a quantum measure named "Fock state concurrence sum" C S , which is the summation over all the members of "the generalized Fock state concurrence" (a measure analogous to the generalized concurrences of entanglement and coherence). By introducing generalized algorithms for computing the transition amplitudes of the Fock state boson sampling with an arbitrary number of photons per mode, we show that the minimal classical runtime for all the known algorithms directly depends on C S . Therefore, we can state that the Fock state concurrence sum C S behaves as a collective measure that controls the computational complexity of Fock state BS. We expect that our observation on the role of the Fock state concurrence in the generalized algorithm for permanents would provide a unified viewpoint to interpret the quantum computing power of linear optics.

Scheme for generating distillation-favorable continuous-variable entanglement via three concurrent parametric down-conversions in a single χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear photonic crystal.

PubMed

Gong, Yan-Xiao; Zhang, ShengLi; Xu, P; Zhu, S N

2016-03-21

We propose to generate a single-mode-squeezing two-mode squeezed vacuum state via a single χ⁽²⁾ nonlinear photonic crystal. The state is favorable for existing Gaussian entanglement distillation schemes, since local squeezing operations can enhance the final entanglement and the success probability. The crystal is designed for enabling three concurrent quasi-phase-matching parametric-down conversions, and hence relieves the auxiliary on-line bi-side local squeezing operations. The compact source opens up a way for continuous-variable quantum technologies and could find more potential applications in future large-scale quantum networks.

Coordinated science with the Solar Orbiter, Solar Probe Plus, Interhelioprobe and SPORT missions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maksimovic, Milan; Vourlidas, Angelos; Zimovets, Ivan; Velli, Marco; Zhukov, Andrei; Kuznetsov, Vladimir; Liu, Ying; Bale, Stuart; Ming, Xiong

The concurrent science operations of the ESA Solar Orbiter (SO), NASA Solar Probe Plus (SPP), Russian Interhelioprobe (IHP) and Chinese SPORT missions will offer a truly unique epoch in heliospheric science. While each mission will achieve its own important science objectives, taken together the four missions will be capable of doing the multi-point measurements required to address many problems in Heliophysics such as the coronal origin of the solar wind plasma and magnetic field or the way the Solar transients drive the heliospheric variability. In this presentation, we discuss the capabilities of the four missions and the Science synergy that will be realized by concurrent operations

PREFERENCE FOR FLUENT VERSUS DISFLUENT WORK SCHEDULES

PubMed Central

Fienup, Daniel M; Ahlers, Ashley A; Pace, Gary

2011-01-01

Two studies were conducted that examined the preference of a student diagnosed with a brain injury. In Study 1, a preference assessment was followed by a three-choice concurrent-operants reinforcer assessment. Two choices resulted in access to preferred activities for completing work, and a third choice resulted in access to nothing (i.e., no activity). Unpredictably, the participant consistently chose the no-activity option. Study 2 examined why this student preferred work associated with no activity over preferred activities. Through a variety of concurrent-operants procedures, it was determined that she preferred fluent work followed by reinforcers rather than work that was broken up by access to preferred activities. Implications for research on preference are discussed. PMID:22219534

Additive manufacturing and mechanical characterization of graded porosity scaffolds designed based on triply periodic minimal surface architectures.

PubMed

Afshar, M; Anaraki, A Pourkamali; Montazerian, H; Kadkhodapour, J

2016-09-01

Since the advent of additive manufacturing techniques, triply periodic minimal surfaces have emerged as a novel tool for designing porous scaffolds. Whereas scaffolds are expected to provide multifunctional performance, spatially changing pore patterns have been a promising approach to integrate mechanical characteristics of different architectures into a unique scaffold. Smooth morphological variations are also frequently seen in nature particularly in bone and cartilage structures and can be inspiring for designing of artificial tissues. In this study, we carried out experimental and numerical procedures to uncover the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of linearly graded porosity scaffolds for two different mathematically defined pore structures. Among TPMS-based scaffolds, P and D surfaces were subjected to gradient modeling to explore the mechanical responses for stretching and bending dominated deformations, respectively. Moreover, the results were compared to their corresponding uniform porosity structures. Mechanical properties were found to be by far greater for the stretching dominated structure (P-Surface). For bending dominated architecture (D-Surface), although there was no global fracture for uniform structures, graded structure showed a brittle fracture at 0.08 strain. A layer by layer deformation mechanism for stretching dominated structure was observed. For bending dominated scaffolds, deformation was accompanied by development of 45° shearing bands. Finite element simulations were also performed and the results showed a good agreement with the experimental observations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Detection of Lyman-alpha Emission from a Triply Imaged z = 6.85 Galaxy behind MACS J2129.4-0741

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Kuang-Han; Lemaux, Brian C.; Schmidt, Kasper B.; Hoag, Austin; Bradač, Maruša; Treu, Tommaso; Dijkstra, Mark; Fontana, Adriano; Henry, Alaina; Malkan, Matthew; Mason, Charlotte; Morishita, Takahiro; Pentericci, Laura; Ryan, Russell E., Jr.; Trenti, Michele; Wang, Xin

2016-05-01

We report the detection of Lyα emission at ˜9538 Å in the Keck/DEIMOS and Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 G102 grism data from a triply imaged galaxy at z=6.846+/- 0.001 behind galaxy cluster MACS J2129.4-0741. Combining the emission line wavelength with broadband photometry, line ratio upper limits, and lens modeling, we rule out the scenario that this emission line is [O II] at z = 1.57. After accounting for magnification, we calculate the weighted average of the intrinsic Lyα luminosity to be ˜ 1.3× {10}42 {erg} {{{s}}}-1 and Lyα equivalent width to be 74 ± 15 Å. Its intrinsic UV absolute magnitude at 1600 Å is -18.6 ± 0.2 mag and stellar mass (1.5+/- 0.3)× {10}7\\quad {M}⊙ , making it one of the faintest (intrinsic {L}{UV}˜ 0.14 {L}{UV}\\ast ) galaxies with Lyα detection at z˜ 7 to date. Its stellar mass is in the typical range for the galaxies thought to dominate the reionization photon budget at z≳ 7; the inferred Lyα escape fraction is high (≳ 10%), which could be common for sub-L* z≳ 7 galaxies with Lyα emission. This galaxy offers a glimpse of the galaxy population that is thought to drive reionization, and it shows that gravitational lensing is an important avenue for probing the sub-L* galaxy population.

Generalized concurrence measure for faithful quantification of multiparticle pure state entanglement using Lagrange's identity and wedge product

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhaskara, Vineeth S.; Panigrahi, Prasanta K.

2017-05-01

Concurrence, introduced by Hill and Wootters (Phys Rev Lett 78:5022, 1997), provides an important measure of entanglement for a general pair of qubits that is faithful: strictly positive for entangled states and vanishing for all separable states. Such a measure captures the entire content of entanglement, providing necessary and sufficient conditions for separability. We present an extension of concurrence to multiparticle pure states in arbitrary dimensions by a new framework using the Lagrange's identity and wedge product representation of separability conditions, which coincides with the "I-concurrence" of Rungta et al. (Phys Rev A 64:042315, 2001) who proposed by extending Wootters's spin-flip operator to a so-called universal inverter superoperator. Our framework exposes an inherent geometry of entanglement and may be useful for the further extensions to mixed and continuous variable states.

Assessing the validity of sales self-efficacy: a cautionary tale.

PubMed

Gupta, Nina; Ganster, Daniel C; Kepes, Sven

2013-07-01

We developed a focused, context-specific measure of sales self-efficacy and assessed its incremental validity against the broad Big 5 personality traits with department store salespersons, using (a) both a concurrent and a predictive design and (b) both objective sales measures and supervisory ratings of performance. We found that in the concurrent study, sales self-efficacy predicted objective and subjective measures of job performance more than did the Big 5 measures. Significant differences between the predictability of subjective and objective measures of performance were not observed. Predictive validity coefficients were generally lower than concurrent validity coefficients. The results suggest that there are different dynamics operating in concurrent and predictive designs and between broad and contextualized measures; they highlight the importance of distinguishing between these designs and measures in meta-analyses. The results also point to the value of focused, context-specific personality predictors in selection research. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.

Probing the early stages of salt nucleation—Experimental and theoretical investigations of sodium/potassium thiocyanate cluster anions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deng, S. H. M.; Kong, Xiang-Yu; Wang, Xue-Bin, E-mail: xuebin.wang@pnnl.gov

2015-01-14

Due to the fast solvent evaporation in electrospray ionization (ESI), the concentration of initially dilute electrolyte solutions rapidly increases to afford the formation of supersaturated droplets and generation of various pristine anhydrous salt clusters in the gas phase. The size, composition, and charge distributions of these clusters, in principle, witness the nucleation evolution in solutions. Herein, we report a microscopic study on the initial stage of nucleation and crystallization of sodium/potassium thiocyanate salt solutions simulated in the ESI process. Singly charged M{sub x}(SCN){sub x+1}{sup −}, doubly charged M{sub y}(SCN){sub y+2}{sup 2−} (M = Na, K), and triply charged K{sub z}(SCN){submore » z+3}{sup 3−} anion clusters (x, y, and z stand for the number of alkali atoms in the singly, doubly, and triply charged clusters, respectively) were produced via electrospray of the corresponding salt solutions and were characterized by negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy (NIPES). The vertical detachment energies (VDEs) of these sodium/potassium thiocyanate cluster anions were obtained, and theoretical calculations were carried out for the sodium thiocyanate clusters in assisting spectral identification. The measured VDEs of singly charged anions M{sub x}(SCN){sub x+1}{sup −} (M = Na and K) demonstrate that they are superhalogen anions. The existence of doubly charged anions M{sub y}(SCN){sub y+2}{sup 2−} (y = 2x, x ≥ 4 and 3 for M = Na and K, respectively) and triply charged anions K{sub z}(SCN){sub z+3}{sup 3−} (z = 3x, x ≥ 6) was initially discovered from the photoelectron spectra for those singly charged anions of M{sub x}(SCN){sub x+1}{sup −} with the same mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), and later independently confirmed by the observation of their distinct mass spectral distributions and by taking their NIPE spectra for those pure multiply charged anions with their m/z different from the singly charged species. For large clusters, multiply charged clusters were found to become preferred, but at higher temperatures, those multiply charged clusters were suppressed. The series of anion clusters investigated here range from molecular-like M{sub 1}(SCN){sub 2}{sup −} to nano-sized K{sub 22}(SCN){sub 25}{sup 3−}, providing a vivid molecular-level growth pattern reflecting the initial salt nucleation process.« less

A Concurrent Implementation of the Cascade-Correlation Algorithm, Using the Time Warp Operating System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Springer, P.

1993-01-01

This paper discusses the method in which the Cascade-Correlation algorithm was parallelized in such a way that it could be run using the Time Warp Operating System (TWOS). TWOS is a special purpose operating system designed to run parellel discrete event simulations with maximum efficiency on parallel or distributed computers.

30 CFR 700.4 - Responsibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... concurrence of the Federal surface managing agency as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal... the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the initial regulatory program... coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with 30 CFR part 745. (e) The...

30 CFR 700.4 - Responsibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... concurrence of the Federal surface managing agency as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal... the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the initial regulatory program... coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with 30 CFR part 745. (e) The...

30 CFR 700.4 - Responsibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... concurrence of the Federal surface managing agency as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal... the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the initial regulatory program... coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with 30 CFR part 745. (e) The...

30 CFR 700.4 - Responsibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... concurrence of the Federal surface managing agency as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal... the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the initial regulatory program... coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with 30 CFR part 745. (e) The...

30 CFR 700.4 - Responsibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... concurrence of the Federal surface managing agency as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal... the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the initial regulatory program... coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with 30 CFR part 745. (e) The...

Concurrent orthopedic and neurosurgical procedures in pediatric patients with spinal deformity.

PubMed

Mooney, James F; Glazier, Stephen S; Barfield, William R

2012-11-01

The management of pediatric patients with complex spinal deformity often requires both an orthopedic and a neurosurgical intervention. The reasons for multiple subspecialty involvement include, but are not limited to, the presence of a tethered cord requiring release or a syrinx requiring decompression. It has been common practice to perform these procedures in a staged manner, although there is little evidence in the literature to support separate interventions. We reviewed a series of consecutive patients who underwent spinal deformity correction and a neurosurgical intervention concurrently in an attempt to assess the safety, efficacy, and possible complications associated with such an approach. Eleven patients were reviewed who underwent concurrent orthopedic and neurosurgical procedures. Data were collected for patient demographics, preoperative diagnosis, procedures performed, intraoperative and perioperative complications, as well as any unexpected return to the operating room for any reason. Operative notes and anesthesia records were reviewed to determine estimated blood loss, surgical time, and the use of intraoperative neurological monitoring. Patient diagnoses included myelodysplasia (N=6), congenital scoliosis and/or kyphosis (N=4), and scoliosis associated with Noonan syndrome (N=1). Age at the time of surgery averaged 9 years 2 months (range=14 months to 17 years 2 months). Estimated blood loss averaged 605 ml (range=50-3000 ml). The operative time averaged 313 min (range=157-477 min). There were no intraoperative complications, including incidental dural tears or deterioration in preoperative neurological status. One patient developed a sore associated with postoperative cast immobilization that led to a deep wound infection. It appears that concurrent orthopedic and neurosurgical procedures in pediatric patients with significant spinal deformities can be performed safely and with minimal intraoperative and postoperative complications when utilizing modern surgical and neuromonitoring techniques. Level of evidence=Level IV. © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hargreaves, L. R.; Colyer, C.; Stevenson, M. A.

A number of previous studies have suggested the possibility of two-center interference effects in the single ionization of diatomic molecules such as H{sub 2} and N{sub 2}. While interference effects have been successfully observed in the ionization of H{sub 2}, to date evidence for interference in N{sub 2} ionization has yet to be conclusively demonstrated. This study presents triply differential cross sections for electron impact ionization of N{sub 2}, measured using the (e,2e) technique. The data are probed for signatures of two-center interference effects. Evidence for interference manifesting in the cross sections is observed.

Curvature and bottlenecks control molecular transport in inverse bicontinuous cubic phases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Assenza, Salvatore; Mezzenga, Raffaele

2018-02-01

We perform a simulation study of the diffusion of small solutes in the confined domains imposed by inverse bicontinuous cubic phases for the primitive, diamond, and gyroid symmetries common to many lipid/water mesophase systems employed in experiments. For large diffusing domains, the long-time diffusion coefficient shows universal features when the size of the confining domain is renormalized by the Gaussian curvature of the triply periodic minimal surface. When bottlenecks are widely present, they become the most relevant factor for transport, regardless of the connectivity of the cubic phase.

Resonant tunneling in GaAs/Al xGa 1-xAs superlattices with aperiodic potential profiles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Djelti, R.; Aziz, Z.; Bentata, S.; Besbes, A.

2011-12-01

Using the exact Airy function formalism and the transfer-matrix technique, we have numerically investigated in this paper the effect of intentional correlations in spatial disorder on transmission properties of one-dimensional superlattices. Such systems consist of two different structures randomly distributed along the growth direction, with the additional constraint that barriers (wells) of one kind always appear in triply. It is shown that the intentional correlations in disorder and superlattices structural parameters are responsible to obtain resonant tunneling in aperiodic structure.

Fluorescent Sensing of Guanine and Guanosine Monophosphate with Conjugated Receptors Incorporating Aniline and Naphthyridine Moieties.

PubMed

Lu, Shao-Hung; Phang, Riping; Fang, Jim-Min

2016-04-15

Ethyne-linked naphthyridine-aniline conjugated molecules are selective sensors of decylguanine in dichloromethane and guanosine monophosphate in water (Kass = 16,000 M(-1)). The 2-acetamido-1,8-naphthyridine moiety binds with guanine in a DAA-ADD triply hydrogen-bonded motif. The aniline moiety enhances an electron-donating effect, and the substituent is tuned to attain extra hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking, and electrostatic interactions. The proposed binding modes are supported by a Job plot, ESI-MS, (1)H NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectral analyses.

Carbynes - Carriers of primordial noble gases in meteorites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whittaker, A. G.; Watts, E. J.; Lewis, R. S.; Anders, E.

1980-01-01

Five carbynes (triply bonded allotropes of carbon) have been found by electron diffraction in the Allende and Murchison carbonaceous chondrites: carbon VI, VIII, X, XI, and (tentatively) XII. From the isotopic composition of the associated noble-gas components, it appears that the carbynes in Allende (C3V chondrite) are local condensates from the solar nebula, whereas at least two carbynes in Murchison (C2 chondrite) are of exotic, presolar origin. They may be dust grains that condensed in stellar envelopes and trapped isotropically anomalous matter from stellar nucleosynthesis.

Realizing nanographene activated by a vacancy to solve hydrogen storage problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sunnardianto, Gagus Ketut; Maruyama, Isao; Kusakabe, Koichi

We found a triply hydrogenated vacancy (V111) in nanographene reduces an activation barrier of adsorption-desorption process in both ways in an equal manner from the known values for pristine graphene as well as those of other hydrogenated vacancies of graphene. This finding may give a key to overcome existing problems in the hydrogen uptake and release processes in known hydrogen storage materials, e.g. graphene and organic hydrides (OHs) in near ambient operation temperature. In this study, we used DFT-NEB simulation to estimate the barrier height, which is supported by realized real experiments. We consider a nanographene molecule (VANG) which contains V111 with armchair structure at the periphery. We found interesting feature in comparable values of energy barriers for both hydrogen uptake and release, where hydrogenation process is even a little bit endothermic and dehydrogenation is a little but exothermic nature. Thus, this material structure acts as ``self-catalytic properties'', which has an important role in reducing an energy barrier and as a trapping site for hydrogen serving a new material prevailing other hopeful candidates. The work is supported by JSPS KAKENHI in Science of Atomic Layers\\x9D.

Army Experiences with Deployment Planning in Operation Desert Shield

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

Hindered Operations ........................ 53 Recommendatior . ........................................ 55 Procedures... 55 System s ............................................... 57 Persomnel ................................................ 59 Appendix A...litwes should stress and facilitate concurrent lanninlg anlad tecit i011 thley hoLild ackno vledge tha: nao:.t w.,c: ,ill re,’,iie t, -- tr a i"V

The Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS), Higher Volume Operations (HVO) Off-Nominal Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baxley, B.; Williams, D.; Consiglio, M.; Conway, S.; Adams, C.; Abbott, T.

2005-01-01

The ability to conduct concurrent, multiple aircraft operations in poor weather, at virtually any airport, offers an important opportunity for a significant increase in the rate of flight operations, a major improvement in passenger convenience, and the potential to foster growth of charter operations at small airports. The Small Aircraft Transportation System, (SATS) Higher Volume Operations (HVO) concept is designed to increase traffic flow at any of the 3400 nonradar, non-towered airports in the United States where operations are currently restricted to one-in/one-out procedural separation during Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC). The concept's key feature is pilots maintain their own separation from other aircraft using procedures, aircraft flight data sent via air-to-air datalink, cockpit displays, and on-board software. This is done within the Self-Controlled Area (SCA), an area of flight operations established during poor visibility or low ceilings around an airport without Air Traffic Control (ATC) services. The research described in this paper expands the HVO concept to include most off-nominal situations that could be expected to occur in a future SATS environment. The situations were categorized into routine off-nominal operations, procedural deviations, equipment malfunctions, and aircraft emergencies. The combination of normal and off-nominal HVO procedures provides evidence for an operational concept that is safe, requires little ground infrastructure, and enables concurrent flight operations in poor weather.

Local concurrent error detection and correction in data structures using virtual backpointers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Li, C. C.; Chen, P. P.; Fuchs, W. K.

1987-01-01

A new technique, based on virtual backpointers, for local concurrent error detection and correction in linked data structures is presented. Two new data structures, the Virtual Double Linked List, and the B-tree with Virtual Backpointers, are described. For these structures, double errors can be detected in 0(1) time and errors detected during forward moves can be corrected in 0(1) time. The application of a concurrent auditor process to data structure error detection and correction is analyzed, and an implementation is described, to determine the effect on mean time to failure of a multi-user shared database system. The implementation utilizes a Sequent shared memory multiprocessor system operating on a shared databased of Virtual Double Linked Lists.

Local concurrent error detection and correction in data structures using virtual backpointers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Li, Chung-Chi Jim; Chen, Paul Peichuan; Fuchs, W. Kent

1989-01-01

A new technique, based on virtual backpointers, for local concurrent error detection and correction in linked data strutures is presented. Two new data structures, the Virtual Double Linked List, and the B-tree with Virtual Backpointers, are described. For these structures, double errors can be detected in 0(1) time and errors detected during forward moves can be corrected in 0(1) time. The application of a concurrent auditor process to data structure error detection and correction is analyzed, and an implementation is described, to determine the effect on mean time to failure of a multi-user shared database system. The implementation utilizes a Sequent shared memory multiprocessor system operating on a shared database of Virtual Double Linked Lists.

Enabling communication concurrency through flexible MPI endpoints

DOE PAGES

Dinan, James; Grant, Ryan E.; Balaji, Pavan; ...

2014-09-23

MPI defines a one-to-one relationship between MPI processes and ranks. This model captures many use cases effectively; however, it also limits communication concurrency and interoperability between MPI and programming models that utilize threads. Our paper describes the MPI endpoints extension, which relaxes the longstanding one-to-one relationship between MPI processes and ranks. Using endpoints, an MPI implementation can map separate communication contexts to threads, allowing them to drive communication independently. Also, endpoints enable threads to be addressable in MPI operations, enhancing interoperability between MPI and other programming models. Furthermore, these characteristics are illustrated through several examples and an empirical study thatmore » contrasts current multithreaded communication performance with the need for high degrees of communication concurrency to achieve peak communication performance.« less

Enabling communication concurrency through flexible MPI endpoints

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dinan, James; Grant, Ryan E.; Balaji, Pavan

MPI defines a one-to-one relationship between MPI processes and ranks. This model captures many use cases effectively; however, it also limits communication concurrency and interoperability between MPI and programming models that utilize threads. Our paper describes the MPI endpoints extension, which relaxes the longstanding one-to-one relationship between MPI processes and ranks. Using endpoints, an MPI implementation can map separate communication contexts to threads, allowing them to drive communication independently. Also, endpoints enable threads to be addressable in MPI operations, enhancing interoperability between MPI and other programming models. Furthermore, these characteristics are illustrated through several examples and an empirical study thatmore » contrasts current multithreaded communication performance with the need for high degrees of communication concurrency to achieve peak communication performance.« less

Enabling communication concurrency through flexible MPI endpoints

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dinan, James; Grant, Ryan E.; Balaji, Pavan

MPI defines a one-to-one relationship between MPI processes and ranks. This model captures many use cases effectively; however, it also limits communication concurrency and interoperability between MPI and programming models that utilize threads. This paper describes the MPI endpoints extension, which relaxes the longstanding one-to-one relationship between MPI processes and ranks. Using endpoints, an MPI implementation can map separate communication contexts to threads, allowing them to drive communication independently. Endpoints also enable threads to be addressable in MPI operations, enhancing interoperability between MPI and other programming models. These characteristics are illustrated through several examples and an empirical study that contrastsmore » current multithreaded communication performance with the need for high degrees of communication concurrency to achieve peak communication performance.« less

Phase II Study of Preoperative Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy With S-1 in Patients With T4 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nomura, Tomoko; Murakami, Ryuji, E-mail: murakami@kumamoto-u.ac.j; Toya, Ryo

Purpose: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) with S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine derivative, in patients with T4 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Methods and Materials: Only patients with histologically proven T4 oral SCC were included. Radiotherapy (total dose, 30 Gy) was delivered in 2-Gy daily fractions over a period of 3 weeks. Concurrently, S-1 (80 mg/m{sup 2}/day) was administered orally twice daily for 14 consecutive days. Results: We enrolled 46 patients. All underwent radiotherapy as planned; however, oral S-1 was discontinued in 3 patients who manifested acute toxicity. Grade 3 toxicities were mucositis (20%),more » anorexia (9%), and neutropenia (4%). We encountered no Grade 4 adverse events or serious postoperative morbidity requiring surgical intervention. After CCRT, 32 of the 46 patients underwent radical resection; in 17 (53%) of the operated patients, the pathologic response was complete. During follow-up ranging from 7 to 58 months (median, 22 months), tumor control failed in 5 (16%) of the 32 operated patients; there were 3 local and 2 regional failures. Of the 14 non-operated patients, 8 (57%) manifested local (n = 7) or regional failure (n = 1). The 3-year overall survival rate for all 46 patients was 69%; it was significantly higher for operated than for non-operated patients (82% vs. 48%; p = 0.0288). Conclusion: Preoperative CCRT with S-1 is feasible and effective in patients with T4 oral SCC. Even in inoperable cases, CCRT with S-1 provides adequate tumor control.« less

Concurrent ultrasonic weld evaluation system

DOEpatents

Hood, Donald W.; Johnson, John A.; Smartt, Herschel B.

1987-01-01

A system for concurrent, non-destructive evaluation of partially completed welds for use in conjunction with an automated welder. The system utilizes real time, automated ultrasonic inspection of a welding operation as the welds are being made by providing a transducer which follows a short distance behind the welding head. Reflected ultrasonic signals are analyzed utilizing computer based digital pattern recognition techniques to discriminate between good and flawed welds on a pass by pass basis. The system also distinguishes between types of weld flaws.

Concurrent ultrasonic weld evaluation system

DOEpatents

Hood, D.W.; Johnson, J.A.; Smartt, H.B.

1985-09-04

A system for concurrent, non-destructive evaluation of partially completed welds for use in conjunction with an automated welder. The system utilizes real time, automated ultrasonic inspection of a welding operation as the welds are being made by providing a transducer which follows a short distance behind the welding head. Reflected ultrasonic signals are analyzed utilizing computer based digital pattern recognition techniques to discriminate between good and flawed welds on a pass by pass basis. The system also distinguishes between types of weld flaws.

Concurrent ultrasonic weld evaluation system

DOEpatents

Hood, D.W.; Johnson, J.A.; Smartt, H.B.

1987-12-15

A system for concurrent, non-destructive evaluation of partially completed welds for use in conjunction with an automated welder is disclosed. The system utilizes real time, automated ultrasonic inspection of a welding operation as the welds are being made by providing a transducer which follows a short distance behind the welding head. Reflected ultrasonic signals are analyzed utilizing computer based digital pattern recognition techniques to discriminate between good and flawed welds on a pass by pass basis. The system also distinguishes between types of weld flaws. 5 figs.

Reliability models for dataflow computer systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kavi, K. M.; Buckles, B. P.

1985-01-01

The demands for concurrent operation within a computer system and the representation of parallelism in programming languages have yielded a new form of program representation known as data flow (DENN 74, DENN 75, TREL 82a). A new model based on data flow principles for parallel computations and parallel computer systems is presented. Necessary conditions for liveness and deadlock freeness in data flow graphs are derived. The data flow graph is used as a model to represent asynchronous concurrent computer architectures including data flow computers.

Forbidden Fruit and the Prediction of Cigarette Smoking

PubMed Central

SUSSMAN, STEVE; GRANA, RACHEL; POKHREL, PALLAV; ROHRBACH, LOUISE A.; SUN, PING

2011-01-01

The concept of “forbidden fruit” has been popularly associated with adolescent cigarette smoking in the US. However, only a few empirical studies have been conducted to investigate how this construct operates among adolescents. We examined the concurrent and prospective relationships between two related concepts of forbidden fruit and adolescent cigarette smoking behavior and intention. We found some support for forbidden fruit attitudes as concurrent and longitudinal predictors of smoking and intention to smoke. Implications of these findings are discussed. PMID:20590380

Hepatoblastoma in Children With Congenital Portosystemic Shunts.

PubMed

Lautz, Timothy B; Shah, Sonam A; Superina, Riccardo A

2016-04-01

Two children developed hepatoblastoma concurrent with congenital portosystemic shunts (PSSs) (Abernethy malformations). Both underwent operative ligation of their PSSs. One received concurrent tumor resection, whereas the other was deemed initially unresectable and underwent biopsy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Although benign hepatic masses, such as focal nodular hyperplasia and nodular regenerative hyperplasia, are common in patients with Abernethy malformations, malignant tumors have also been documented and should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with a congenital PSS and a hepatic mass.

Role of electron back action on photons in hybridizing double-layer graphene plasmons with localized photons.

PubMed

Huang, Danhong; Iurov, Andrii; Gumbs, Godfrey

2018-05-23

In this paper, we deal with the electromagnetic coupling between an incident surface-plasmon-polariton wave and relativistic electrons in two graphene layers. Our previous investigation was limited to single-layer graphene (Iurov et al 2017 Phys. Rev. B 96 081408). However, the present work, is both an expanded and extended version of this previous Phys. Rev. B paper after having included very detailed theoretical formalisms and extensive comparisons of results from either one or two graphene layers embedded in a dielectric medium. The additional retarded Coulomb interaction between two graphene layers will compete with the coupling between the single graphene layer and the surface of a conductor. Consequently, some distinctive features, such as triply-hybridized absorption peaks and a new acoustic-like graphene plasmon mode within the anticrossing region, have been found for the double-layer graphene system. Physically, our theory is self-consistent, in comparison with a commonly adopted perturbative theory, for studying hybrid light-plasmon modes and the electron back action on photons. Instead of usual radiation or grating-deflection field coupling, a surface-plasmon-polariton localized field coupling is introduced with completely different dispersion relations for radiative (small wave numbers) and evanescent (large wave numbers) field modes. Technically, the exactly calculated effective scattering matrix for this theory can be employed to construct an effective-medium theory in order to improve the accuracy of the well-known finite-difference time-domain method for solving Maxwell's equations numerically. Practically, the predicted triply-hybridized absorption peaks can excite polaritons only, giving rise to a possible polariton-condensation based laser.

Role of electron back action on photons in hybridizing double-layer graphene plasmons with localized photons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Danhong; Iurov, Andrii; Gumbs, Godfrey

2018-05-01

In this paper, we deal with the electromagnetic coupling between an incident surface-plasmon-polariton wave and relativistic electrons in two graphene layers. Our previous investigation was limited to single-layer graphene (Iurov et al 2017 Phys. Rev. B 96 081408). However, the present work, is both an expanded and extended version of this previous Phys. Rev. B paper after having included very detailed theoretical formalisms and extensive comparisons of results from either one or two graphene layers embedded in a dielectric medium. The additional retarded Coulomb interaction between two graphene layers will compete with the coupling between the single graphene layer and the surface of a conductor. Consequently, some distinctive features, such as triply-hybridized absorption peaks and a new acoustic-like graphene plasmon mode within the anticrossing region, have been found for the double-layer graphene system. Physically, our theory is self-consistent, in comparison with a commonly adopted perturbative theory, for studying hybrid light-plasmon modes and the electron back action on photons. Instead of usual radiation or grating-deflection field coupling, a surface-plasmon-polariton localized field coupling is introduced with completely different dispersion relations for radiative (small wave numbers) and evanescent (large wave numbers) field modes. Technically, the exactly calculated effective scattering matrix for this theory can be employed to construct an effective-medium theory in order to improve the accuracy of the well-known finite-difference time-domain method for solving Maxwell’s equations numerically. Practically, the predicted triply-hybridized absorption peaks can excite polaritons only, giving rise to a possible polariton-condensation based laser.

13C-TRIPLY Labeled Ethyl Cyanide Submillimeterwave Study with Lille's Fast Scan Dds-Based Spectrometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pienkina, A.; Motiyenko, R. A.; Margulès, L.; Müller, Holger S. P.; Guillemin, J.-C.

2016-06-01

This study of the 13C-triply labeled species of ethyl cyanide (CH_3CH_2CN) follows our recent work on the three 13C-doubly-labeled that allowed their detection in the line survey recently obtained with ALMA (EMoCA). The detection of isotopologues could improve the knowledge of the astrochemistry. The other goal is to clean the surveys from the lines of known molecules in order to detect new ones, this is especially important for the abundant complex organic molecules like ethyl cyanide. As in the case of the doubly substitued species, no spectroscopic studies exist up to now for 13CH_313CH_213CN, the first predictions were thus obtained from scaled ab initio calculations. The spectra were recorded and analyzed up to 1 THz. More than 5500 lines were fitted with quantum numbers J and K_a up to 95 and 25 respectively. The spectra were obtained with the new version of the Lille's solid state spectrometers. This new version used Direct Digital Synthesizer in order to speed up acquisition time. We constructed a spectrometer covering a decade, from 150 to 1500 GHz, it scans the full range in 24 hours with high sensitivity and accuracy. This work was supported by the CNES and the Action sur Projets de l'INSU, PCMI. This work was also done under ANR-13-BS05-0008-02 IMOLABS Margules, L.; et al. 2015, 69th International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy, RI06 Belloche, A.; et al. 2014, Science, 345, 1584

Simulation of the transient indiffusion-segregation process of triply negatively charged Ga vacancies in GaAs and AlAs/GaAs superlattices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

You, Horng-Ming; Gösele, Ulrich M.; Tan, Teh Y.

1993-08-01

In GaAs and AlAs/GaAs superlattice crystals containing n-type regions, several sets of recent experimental results obtained from diffusion studies require the interpretation that the responsible point defect species, the triply negatively charged Ga vacancy (VGa3-), has attained its thermal equilibrium concentration (CVGa3-eq) at the onset of an experiment. This could be due to either the fact that under heavy n-doping conditions CVGa3-eq is fairly temperature independent, or the fact that the transient process of populating VGa3- from an undersaturated to the appropriate CVGa3-eq value via indiffusion from the surfaces to the interior of the crystals is extremely rapid. We have simulated the transient process of populating VGa3- to the crystal interior. The experiments use crystals consisting of adjacent intrinsic and n-type regions for which CVGa3-eq values are different, leading to the simultaneous occurrence of VGa3- diffusion and segregation phenomena. A diffusion-segregation equation has been derived and subsequently used in the simulation calculations. The simulation results showed that, as long as n-type regions are involved, such transient processes are ineffective and therefore cannot explain the experimental requirement that VGa3- is already present in the appropriate CVGa3-eq(n) value at the onset of an experiment. On the other hand, the transient process is sufficiently rapid for the purely intrinsic crystal cases. These simulation results support our recent finding that the CVGa3-eq(n) values are essentially temperature independent, obtained via a thermodynamic treatment.

Comparison of the Computational Efficiency of the Original Versus Reformulated High-Fidelity Generalized Method of Cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arnold, Steven M; Bednarcyk, Brett; Aboydi, Jacob

2004-01-01

The High-Fidelity Generalized Method of Cells (HFGMC) micromechanics model has recently been reformulated by Bansal and Pindera (in the context of elastic phases with perfect bonding) to maximize its computational efficiency. This reformulated version of HFGMC has now been extended to include both inelastic phases and imperfect fiber-matrix bonding. The present paper presents an overview of the HFGMC theory in both its original and reformulated forms and a comparison of the results of the two implementations. The objective is to establish the correlation between the two HFGMC formulations and document the improved efficiency offered by the reformulation. The results compare the macro and micro scale predictions of the continuous reinforcement (doubly-periodic) and discontinuous reinforcement (triply-periodic) versions of both formulations into the inelastic regime, and, in the case of the discontinuous reinforcement version, with both perfect and weak interfacial bonding. The results demonstrate that identical predictions are obtained using either the original or reformulated implementations of HFGMC aside from small numerical differences in the inelastic regime due to the different implementation schemes used for the inelastic terms present in the two formulations. Finally, a direct comparison of execution times is presented for the original formulation and reformulation code implementations. It is shown that as the discretization employed in representing the composite repeating unit cell becomes increasingly refined (requiring a larger number of sub-volumes), the reformulated implementation becomes significantly (approximately an order of magnitude at best) more computationally efficient in both the continuous reinforcement (doubly-periodic) and discontinuous reinforcement (triply-periodic) cases.

Long-Term Counterinsurgency Strategy: Maximizing Special Operations and Airpower

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-02-01

operations forces possess a repertoire of capabilities and attributes which impart them with unique strategic utility. “That utility reposes most...flashlight), LTMs are employed in a similar role to cue aircrews equipped with Night Vision Devices (NVDs). Concurrently, employment of small laptop...Special Operations Forces (PSS-SOF) and Precision Fires Image Generator (PFIG) have brought similar benefit to the employment of GPS/INS targeted weapons

Effects of alcohol and saccharin deprivations on concurrent ethanol and saccharin operant self-administration by alcohol-preferring (P) rats.

PubMed

Toalston, Jamie E; Oster, Scott M; Kuc, Kelly A; Pommer, Tylene J; Murphy, James M; Lumeng, Lawrence; Bell, Richard L; McBride, William J; Rodd, Zachary A

2008-06-01

Consumption of sweet solutions has been associated with a reduction in withdrawal symptoms and alcohol craving in humans. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of ethanol and saccharin (SACC) deprivations on operant oral self-administration. Alcohol-preferring (P) rats were allowed to lever press concurrently self-administer ethanol (15% vol/vol) and SACC (0.0125% g/vol) for 8 weeks. Rats were then maintained on daily operant access (nondeprived), deprived of both fluids (2 weeks), deprived of SACC and given 2 ml of ethanol daily, or deprived of ethanol and given 2 ml of SACC daily. All groups were then given 2 weeks of daily operant access to ethanol and SACC, followed by an identical second deprivation period. P rats responded more for ethanol than SACC. All deprived groups increased responding on the ethanol lever, but not on the SACC lever. Daily consumption of 2 ml ethanol decreased the duration of the alcohol deprivation effect (ADE). Home cage access to 2 ml of SACC also decreased the ADE but to a lesser extent than access to ethanol. A second deprivation period further increased and prolonged the expression of an ADE. These results show ethanol is a more salient reinforcer than SACC. With concurrent access to ethanol and SACC, P rats do not display a saccharin deprivation effect. Depriving P rats of both ethanol and SACC had the most pronounced effect on the magnitude and duration of the ADE, suggesting that there may be some interactions between ethanol and SACC in their CNS reinforcing effects.

40 CFR 8.5 - Submission of environmental documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... environmental documentation meets the requirements of Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part, the operator will have no further... and with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation, will inform the operator that EPA finds...

40 CFR 8.8 - Comprehensive environmental evaluation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... evaluate the CEE to determine if the CEE meets the requirements under Article 8 and Annex I to the Protocol... operator, the EPA will inform the operator if EPA, with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part. This notification will occur within...

40 CFR 8.5 - Submission of environmental documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... environmental documentation meets the requirements of Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part, the operator will have no further... and with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation, will inform the operator that EPA finds...

40 CFR 8.8 - Comprehensive environmental evaluation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... evaluate the CEE to determine if the CEE meets the requirements under Article 8 and Annex I to the Protocol... operator, the EPA will inform the operator if EPA, with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part. This notification will occur within...

40 CFR 8.5 - Submission of environmental documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... environmental documentation meets the requirements of Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part, the operator will have no further... and with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation, will inform the operator that EPA finds...

40 CFR 8.5 - Submission of environmental documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... environmental documentation meets the requirements of Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part, the operator will have no further... and with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation, will inform the operator that EPA finds...

40 CFR 8.5 - Submission of environmental documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... environmental documentation meets the requirements of Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part, the operator will have no further... and with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation, will inform the operator that EPA finds...

40 CFR 8.8 - Comprehensive environmental evaluation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... evaluate the CEE to determine if the CEE meets the requirements under Article 8 and Annex I to the Protocol... operator, the EPA will inform the operator if EPA, with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part. This notification will occur within...

40 CFR 8.8 - Comprehensive environmental evaluation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... evaluate the CEE to determine if the CEE meets the requirements under Article 8 and Annex I to the Protocol... operator, the EPA will inform the operator if EPA, with the concurrence of the National Science Foundation... Article 8 and Annex I of the Protocol and the provisions of this part. This notification will occur within...

78 FR 1267 - Biweekly Notice; Applications and Amendments to Facility Operating Licenses and Combined Licenses...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-08

... CFR 51.22(b), no environmental impact statement or environmental assessment need be prepared for these.... The operational and management controls, as described in Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) 08-09... in Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) 08-09, Revision 6, would be implemented concurrent with the full...

Concurrent Sessions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Australian Science Teachers Journal, 1976

1976-01-01

Presents synopses of five papers presented at a conference of the Science Teachers of Australia. Topics include the technology of wine making, integrated science, individualized science instruction, formal operational thinking, and deep ocean drilling. (MLH)

Analysis of entanglement measures and LOCC maximized quantum Fisher information of general two qubit systems.

PubMed

Erol, Volkan; Ozaydin, Fatih; Altintas, Azmi Ali

2014-06-24

Entanglement has been studied extensively for unveiling the mysteries of non-classical correlations between quantum systems. In the bipartite case, there are well known measures for quantifying entanglement such as concurrence, relative entropy of entanglement (REE) and negativity, which cannot be increased via local operations. It was found that for sets of non-maximally entangled states of two qubits, comparing these entanglement measures may lead to different entanglement orderings of the states. On the other hand, although it is not an entanglement measure and not monotonic under local operations, due to its ability of detecting multipartite entanglement, quantum Fisher information (QFI) has recently received an intense attraction generally with entanglement in the focus. In this work, we revisit the state ordering problem of general two qubit states. Generating a thousand random quantum states and performing an optimization based on local general rotations of each qubit, we calculate the maximal QFI for each state. We analyze the maximized QFI in comparison with concurrence, REE and negativity and obtain new state orderings. We show that there are pairs of states having equal maximized QFI but different values for concurrence, REE and negativity and vice versa.

Analysis of Entanglement Measures and LOCC Maximized Quantum Fisher Information of General Two Qubit Systems

PubMed Central

Erol, Volkan; Ozaydin, Fatih; Altintas, Azmi Ali

2014-01-01

Entanglement has been studied extensively for unveiling the mysteries of non-classical correlations between quantum systems. In the bipartite case, there are well known measures for quantifying entanglement such as concurrence, relative entropy of entanglement (REE) and negativity, which cannot be increased via local operations. It was found that for sets of non-maximally entangled states of two qubits, comparing these entanglement measures may lead to different entanglement orderings of the states. On the other hand, although it is not an entanglement measure and not monotonic under local operations, due to its ability of detecting multipartite entanglement, quantum Fisher information (QFI) has recently received an intense attraction generally with entanglement in the focus. In this work, we revisit the state ordering problem of general two qubit states. Generating a thousand random quantum states and performing an optimization based on local general rotations of each qubit, we calculate the maximal QFI for each state. We analyze the maximized QFI in comparison with concurrence, REE and negativity and obtain new state orderings. We show that there are pairs of states having equal maximized QFI but different values for concurrence, REE and negativity and vice versa. PMID:24957694

Stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC) and local unitary operations (LU) classifications of n qubits via ranks and singular values of the spin-flipping matrices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Dafa

2018-06-01

We construct ℓ -spin-flipping matrices from the coefficient matrices of pure states of n qubits and show that the ℓ -spin-flipping matrices are congruent and unitary congruent whenever two pure states of n qubits are SLOCC and LU equivalent, respectively. The congruence implies the invariance of ranks of the ℓ -spin-flipping matrices under SLOCC and then permits a reduction of SLOCC classification of n qubits to calculation of ranks of the ℓ -spin-flipping matrices. The unitary congruence implies the invariance of singular values of the ℓ -spin-flipping matrices under LU and then permits a reduction of LU classification of n qubits to calculation of singular values of the ℓ -spin-flipping matrices. Furthermore, we show that the invariance of singular values of the ℓ -spin-flipping matrices Ω 1^{(n)} implies the invariance of the concurrence for even n qubits and the invariance of the n-tangle for odd n qubits. Thus, the concurrence and the n-tangle can be used for LU classification and computing the concurrence and the n-tangle only performs additions and multiplications of coefficients of states.

Inter-computer communication architecture for a mixed redundancy distributed system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lala, Jaynarayan H.; Adams, Stuart J.

1987-01-01

The triply redundant intercomputer network for the Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS), an architecture developed to serve as the core avionics system for a broad range of aerospace vehicles, is discussed. The AIPS intercomputer network provides a high-speed, Byzantine-fault-resilient communication service between processing sites, even in the presence of arbitrary failures of simplex and duplex processing sites on the IC network. The IC network contention poll has evolved from the Laning Poll. An analysis of the failure modes and effects and a simulation of the AIPS contention poll, demonstrate the robustness of the system.

Nexus networks in carbon honeycombs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yuanping; Xie, Yuee; Gao, Yan; Chang, Po-Yao; Zhang, Shengbai; Vanderbilt, David

2018-04-01

Nexus metals represent a new type of topological material in which nodal lines merge at nexus points. Here we propose novel networks in nexus systems through intertwining between nexus fermions and additional nodal lines. These nexus networks can be realized in recently synthesized carbon honeycomb materials. In these carbon honeycombs, we demonstrate a phase transition between a nexus network and a system with triply degenerate points and additional nodal lines. The Landau level spectra show unusual magnetic transport properties in the nexus networks. Our results pave the way toward realizations of new topological materials with novel transport properties beyond standard Weyl/Dirac semimetals.

Sheet-like chiro-optical material designs based C(Y) surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saba, M.; Robisch, A.-L.; Thiel, M.; Hess, O.; Schroeder-Turk, Gerd E.

2017-04-01

A spatial structure for which mirror reflection cannot be represented by rotations and translations is chiral. For photonic crystals and metamaterials, chirality implies the possibility of circular dichroism, that is, that the propagation of left-circularly polarized light may differ from that of right-circularly polarized light. Here we draw attention to chiral sheet- or surface-like geometries based on chiral triply-periodic minimal surfaces. Specifically we analyse two photonic crystal designs based on the C(Y) minimal surface, by band structure analysis and by scattering matrix calculations of the reflection coefficient, for high-dielectric contrasts.

Yb3+ sensitized Tm3+ upconversion in tellurite lead oxide glass.

PubMed

Mohanty, Deepak Kumar; Rai, Vineet Kumar; Dwivedi, Y

2012-04-01

Triply ionized thulium/thulium--ytterbium doped/codoped TeO2-Pb3O4 (TPO) glasses have been fabricated by classical quenching method. The upconversion emission spectra in the Tm3+/Tm3+-Yb3+ doped/codoped glasses upon excitation with a diode laser lasing at ∼980 nm has been studied. Effect of the addition of the Yb3+ on the upconversion emission intensity in the visible and near infrared regions of the Tm3+ doped in TPO glass has been studied and the processes involved explored. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Computer Sciences and Data Systems, volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1987-01-01

Topics addressed include: software engineering; university grants; institutes; concurrent processing; sparse distributed memory; distributed operating systems; intelligent data management processes; expert system for image analysis; fault tolerant software; and architecture research.

Meniscal Repair with Concurrent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Operative Success and Patient Outcomes at 6-Year Follow-up

PubMed Central

Westermann, RW; Wright, RW; Huston, LJ; Wolf, BR

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND Meniscus repairs are commonly performed concurrently with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in the acutely injured knee. No large-scale, prospective, multicenter studies have evaluated long-term success and patient-oriented outcomes after combined ACLR and meniscus repair. PURPOSE To define operative success and patient-oriented outcome scores 6 years after combined meniscus repair and ACLR. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS All ipsilateral primary ACLR and meniscus repair cases from a multicenter study group between 2002 and 2004 were selected. Validated patient-oriented outcome instruments were completed at 3 time points: preoperatively, 2 years and 6 years following the index procedure. Subsequent ipsilateral knee re-operation was confirmed by operative reports to evaluate for failure of meniscal repairs. RESULTS In total, 286 patients of 1440 primary ACLR’s underwent concurrent meniscus repair (298 meniscal repairs). 235/286 (82.2%) were available for follow-up at 6 years (154 medial, 72 lateral and 9 both lateral and medial meniscal repairs). Repaired menisci most commonly involved the peripheral 1/3 of the meniscus (84%); patterns were typically longitudinal (84%) or displaced bucket-handle (10%), with mean length of 16.5 ±5.8mm. Overall, the meniscal repair failure rate was 14% (medial, 21/154; lateral, 10/72; both 2/9) at 6 years. Medial repairs failed earlier than lateral repairs (2.1 versus 3.7 years; p=0.01). Significant improvements in outcome instruments were sustained at 6-year follow-up. No differences in suture number or type were detected between repair failures and successes. Meniscal reoperation was higher in patients who underwent repair compared to those who did have an identified meniscal injury at the time of ACLR (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Concurrent meniscal repair with ACLR is associated with failure rates approximating 14% at 6-year follow-up. Improvements in patient-oriented outcome instruments were sustained at 6-year follow-up. Surgeons may expect good clinical outcomes 6 years after combined ACLR and meniscus repairs. PMID:25023440

Comparison of the clinical efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of obstructive upper ureteral calculi with concurrent urinary tract infections.

PubMed

Jiang, Jun-Tao; Li, Wei-Guo; Zhu, Yi-Ping; Sun, Wen-Lan; Zhao, Wei; Ruan, Yuan; Zhong, Chen; Wood, Kristofer; Wei, Hai-Bin; Xia, Shu-Jie; Sun, Xiao-Wen

2016-07-01

The aim of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RPLU) and ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy (UHLL) as two minimally invasive procedures in managing obstructive upper ureteral calculi with concurrent urinary tract infections (UTI). The retrospective study included 189 patients who underwent unilateral obstructive upper ureteral stones with concurrent UTI from January 2007 to November 2014 at our institution. Patients received RPLU (81 cases) or UHLL (108 cases). All patients received preoperative anti-infection treatment (indwelling ureteral stent and/or preoperative antibiotics). Collected data, including sex, age, stone size, success rate, operation duration, post-operation hospitalization time, and post-operation complications, were compared. All patients were followed up for more than 6 months after surgeries, and no ureterostenosis occurred. The study included 189 patients, 41 (21.7 %) females and 148 (78.3 %) males with a medium age of 52 years (range 22-81 years). All surgeries were successfully performed without conversion to open surgery. Stone size in the RPLU group was larger than that of the UHLL group (16.1 ± 1.4 vs. 10.4 ± 1.6 mm, P = 0.012). Operative duration (P = 0.009) and hospitalization time (P < 0.001) in the UHLL group were significantly shorter than those in the RPLU group, whereas stone clearance rate was significantly higher in the RPLU group (100 vs. 88.9 %, P = 0.002). Of note, postoperative fever was more common in patients treated with UHLL (15 cases) versus RPLU (4 cases) (13.9 vs. 4.9 %, P = 0.043). Moreover, in the UHLL group, three patients without a preoperative indwelling ureteral stent were complicated with sepsis, which was not seen in RPLU group. In our study, the safety and stone clearance rate of RPLU are better than those of UHLL in the treatment of unilateral upper ureteric calculi with concurrent UTI. Preoperative antibiotics and indwelling ureteral stent may reduce the risk of postoperative infections.

Contributions of Hippocampus and Striatum to Memory-Guided Behavior Depend on Past Experience

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

The hippocampal and striatal memory systems are thought to operate independently and in parallel in supporting cognitive memory and habits, respectively. Much of the evidence for this principle comes from double dissociation data, in which damage to brain structure A causes deficits in Task 1 but not Task 2, whereas damage to structure B produces the reverse pattern of effects. Typically, animals are explicitly trained in one task. Here, we investigated whether this principle continues to hold when animals concurrently learn two types of tasks. Rats were trained on a plus maze in either a spatial navigation or a cue–response task (sequential training), whereas a third set of rats acquired both (concurrent training). Subsequently, the rats underwent either sham surgery or neurotoxic lesions of the hippocampus (HPC), medial dorsal striatum (DSM), or lateral dorsal striatum (DSL), followed by retention testing. Finally, rats in the sequential training condition also acquired the novel “other” task. When rats learned one task, HPC and DSL selectively supported spatial navigation and cue response, respectively. However, when rats learned both tasks, HPC and DSL additionally supported the behavior incongruent with the processing style of the corresponding memory system. Thus, in certain conditions, the hippocampal and striatal memory systems can operate cooperatively and in synergism. DSM significantly contributed to performance regardless of task or training procedure. Experience with the cue–response task facilitated subsequent spatial learning, whereas experience with spatial navigation delayed both concurrent and subsequent response learning. These findings suggest that there are multiple operational principles that govern memory networks. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Currently, we distinguish among several types of memories, each supported by a distinct neural circuit. The memory systems are thought to operate independently and in parallel. Here, we demonstrate that the hippocampus and the dorsal striatum memory systems operate independently and in parallel when rats learn one type of task at a time, but interact cooperatively and in synergism when rats concurrently learn two types of tasks. Furthermore, new learning is modulated by past experiences. These results can be explained by a model in which independent and parallel information processing that occurs in the separate memory-related neural circuits is supplemented by information transfer between the memory systems at the level of the cortex. PMID:27307234

Contributions of Hippocampus and Striatum to Memory-Guided Behavior Depend on Past Experience.

PubMed

Ferbinteanu, Janina

2016-06-15

The hippocampal and striatal memory systems are thought to operate independently and in parallel in supporting cognitive memory and habits, respectively. Much of the evidence for this principle comes from double dissociation data, in which damage to brain structure A causes deficits in Task 1 but not Task 2, whereas damage to structure B produces the reverse pattern of effects. Typically, animals are explicitly trained in one task. Here, we investigated whether this principle continues to hold when animals concurrently learn two types of tasks. Rats were trained on a plus maze in either a spatial navigation or a cue-response task (sequential training), whereas a third set of rats acquired both (concurrent training). Subsequently, the rats underwent either sham surgery or neurotoxic lesions of the hippocampus (HPC), medial dorsal striatum (DSM), or lateral dorsal striatum (DSL), followed by retention testing. Finally, rats in the sequential training condition also acquired the novel "other" task. When rats learned one task, HPC and DSL selectively supported spatial navigation and cue response, respectively. However, when rats learned both tasks, HPC and DSL additionally supported the behavior incongruent with the processing style of the corresponding memory system. Thus, in certain conditions, the hippocampal and striatal memory systems can operate cooperatively and in synergism. DSM significantly contributed to performance regardless of task or training procedure. Experience with the cue-response task facilitated subsequent spatial learning, whereas experience with spatial navigation delayed both concurrent and subsequent response learning. These findings suggest that there are multiple operational principles that govern memory networks. Currently, we distinguish among several types of memories, each supported by a distinct neural circuit. The memory systems are thought to operate independently and in parallel. Here, we demonstrate that the hippocampus and the dorsal striatum memory systems operate independently and in parallel when rats learn one type of task at a time, but interact cooperatively and in synergism when rats concurrently learn two types of tasks. Furthermore, new learning is modulated by past experiences. These results can be explained by a model in which independent and parallel information processing that occurs in the separate memory-related neural circuits is supplemented by information transfer between the memory systems at the level of the cortex. Copyright © 2016 the authors 0270-6474/16/366459-12$15.00/0.

Circumcision-incision orchidopexy: A novel technique for palpable, low inguinal undescended testis.

PubMed

Chua, Michael E; Silangcruz, Jan Michael A; Gomez, Odina; Dy, Jun S; Morales, Marcelino L

2017-11-01

Given that both orchidopexy and circumcision are commonly done in a single operative setting, we adopted a technique of combined orchidopexy and circumcision using a single circumcision incision. We applied this new technique to boys with palpable, low inguinal cryptorchidism. Here we describe a case series of 7 boys who underwent concurrent orchidopexy via the circumcision site. We present this novel technique and discuss our preliminary outcomes, including the anatomic basis and feasibility. The technique appears to be an alternative for concurrent circumcision and cryptorchid cases with palpable, low inguinal testes.

14 CFR 221.165 - Cessation of operations without successor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Adoption Publications Required To Show Change in Carrier... own issue and cancel such tariff in its entirety. (b) Revoke all powers of attorney and concurrences...

14 CFR 221.165 - Cessation of operations without successor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Adoption Publications Required To Show Change in Carrier... own issue and cancel such tariff in its entirety. (b) Revoke all powers of attorney and concurrences...

14 CFR 221.165 - Cessation of operations without successor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Adoption Publications Required To Show Change in Carrier... own issue and cancel such tariff in its entirety. (b) Revoke all powers of attorney and concurrences...

14 CFR 221.165 - Cessation of operations without successor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Adoption Publications Required To Show Change in Carrier... own issue and cancel such tariff in its entirety. (b) Revoke all powers of attorney and concurrences...

14 CFR 221.165 - Cessation of operations without successor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS TARIFFS Adoption Publications Required To Show Change in Carrier... own issue and cancel such tariff in its entirety. (b) Revoke all powers of attorney and concurrences...

47 CFR 95.1119 - Specific requirements for wireless medical telemetry devices operating in the 608-614 MHz band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... frequency range 608-614 MHz and that will be located near the radio astronomy observatories listed below..., and obtain the written concurrence of, the director of the affected radio astronomy observatory before the equipment can be installed or operated (a) Within 80 kilometers of: (1) National Astronomy and...

47 CFR 95.1119 - Specific requirements for wireless medical telemetry devices operating in the 608-614 MHz band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... frequency range 608-614 MHz and that will be located near the radio astronomy observatories listed below..., and obtain the written concurrence of, the director of the affected radio astronomy observatory before the equipment can be installed or operated (a) Within 80 kilometers of: (1) National Astronomy and...

47 CFR 95.1119 - Specific requirements for wireless medical telemetry devices operating in the 608-614 MHz band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... frequency range 608-614 MHz and that will be located near the radio astronomy observatories listed below..., and obtain the written concurrence of, the director of the affected radio astronomy observatory before the equipment can be installed or operated (a) Within 80 kilometers of: (1) National Astronomy and...

47 CFR 95.1119 - Specific requirements for wireless medical telemetry devices operating in the 608-614 MHz band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... frequency range 608-614 MHz and that will be located near the radio astronomy observatories listed below..., and obtain the written concurrence of, the director of the affected radio astronomy observatory before the equipment can be installed or operated (a) Within 80 kilometers of: (1) National Astronomy and...

47 CFR 95.1119 - Specific requirements for wireless medical telemetry devices operating in the 608-614 MHz band.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... frequency range 608-614 MHz and that will be located near the radio astronomy observatories listed below..., and obtain the written concurrence of, the director of the affected radio astronomy observatory before the equipment can be installed or operated (a) Within 80 kilometers of: (1) National Astronomy and...

Methods and apparatus of spatially resolved electroluminescence of operating organic light-emitting diodes using conductive atomic force microscopy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hersam, Mark C. (Inventor); Pingree, Liam S. C. (Inventor)

2008-01-01

A conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM) technique which can concurrently monitor topography, charge transport, and electroluminescence with nanometer spatial resolution. This cAFM approach is particularly well suited for probing the electroluminescent response characteristics of operating organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) over short length scales.

Concurrent Flow Lanes - Phase II

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-04-17

This report provides the findings from a research effort designed to ascertain whether or not a chosen simulation software platform, the VISSIM micro-simulation platform, provides a suitable environment for modeling and analyzing traffic operations, ...

Measuring quality indicators in the operating room: cleaning and turnover time.

PubMed

Jericó, Marli de Carvalho; Perroca, Márcia Galan; da Penha, Vivian Colombo

2011-01-01

This exploratory-descriptive study was carried out in the Surgical Center Unit of a university hospital aiming to measure time spent with concurrent cleaning performed by the cleaning service and turnover time and also investigated potential associations between cleaning time and the surgery's magnitude and specialty, period of the day and the room's size. The sample consisted of 101 surgeries, computing cleaning time and 60 surgeries, computing turnover time. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze time and Pearson's correlation to study potential correlations. The time spent in concurrent cleaning was 7.1 minutes and turnover time was 35.6 minutes. No association between cleaning time and the other variables was found. These findings can support nurses in the efficient use of resources thereby speeding up the work process in the operating room.

Virtual time and time warp on the JPL hypercube. [operating system implementation for distributed simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jefferson, David; Beckman, Brian

1986-01-01

This paper describes the concept of virtual time and its implementation in the Time Warp Operating System at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Virtual time is a distributed synchronization paradigm that is appropriate for distributed simulation, database concurrency control, real time systems, and coordination of replicated processes. The Time Warp Operating System is targeted toward the distributed simulation application and runs on a 32-node JPL Mark II Hypercube.

Are behaviors at one alternative in concurrent schedules independent of contingencies at the other alternative?

PubMed

MacDonall, James S

2017-09-01

Some have reported changing the schedule at one alternative of a concurrent schedule changed responding at the other alternative (Catania, 1969), which seems odd because no contingencies were changed there. When concurrent schedules are programmed using two schedules, one associated with each alternative that operate continuously, changing the schedule at one alternative also changes the switch schedule at the other alternative. Thus, changes in responding at the constant alternative could be due to the change in the switch schedule. To assess this possibility, six rats were exposed to a series of conditions that alternated between pairs of interval schedules at both alternatives and a pair of interval schedules at one, constant, alternative and a pair of extinction schedules at the other alternative. Comparing run lengths, visit durations and response rates at the constant alternative in the alternating conditions did not show consistent increases and decreases when a strict criterion for changes was used. Using a less stringent definition (any change in mean values) showed changes. The stay/switch analysis suggests it may be inaccurate to apply behavioral contrast to procedures that change from concurrent variable-interval variable-interval schedules to concurrent variable-interval extinction schedules because the contingencies in neither alternative are constant. © 2017 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

Tide-surge interaction along the east coast of the Leizhou Peninsula, South China Sea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Heng; Cheng, Weicong; Qiu, Xixi; Feng, Xiangbo; Gong, Wenping

2017-06-01

A triply-nested two-dimensional (2D) ocean circulation model along with observed sea level records are used to study tide-surge interaction along the east coast of the Leizhou Peninsula (LP) which is characterized by extensive mudflats, large tidal ranges and a complex coastline. The dependency of surge maxima on the water level and the phase of tide are respectively investigated using two statistical approaches. Results show that tide-surge interaction along the east coast of the LP is significant, where surges peak 3-6 h before or after the nearest high water. The triply-nested 2D ocean circulation model is used to quantify tide-surge interaction in this region and to investigate its physical cause. The largest amplitudes of tide-surge interaction are found in the shallow water region of the Leizhou Bay, with values up to 1 m during typhoon events. Numerical experiments reveal that nonlinear bottom friction is the main contributor to tide-surge interaction, while the contribution of the nonlinear advective effect can be neglected. The shallow water effect enhances the role of nonlinear bottom friction in determining tide-surge modulation, leaving the surge peaks usually occur on the rising or falling tide. It is also found that the relative contribution of local wind and remote wind is different depending on the storm track and storm intensity, which would finally affect the temporal and spatial distribution of tide-surge interaction during typhoon events. These findings confirm the importance of coupling storm surges and tides for the prediction of storm surge events in regions which are characterized by shallow water depths and large tidal ranges.

Koopmans' theorem in the Hartree-Fock method. General formulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plakhutin, Boris N.

2018-03-01

This work presents a general formulation of Koopmans' theorem (KT) in the Hartree-Fock (HF) method which is applicable to molecular and atomic systems with arbitrary orbital occupancies and total electronic spin including orbitally degenerate (OD) systems. The new formulation is based on the full set of variational conditions imposed upon the HF orbitals by the variational principle for the total energy and the conditions imposed by KT on the orbitals of an ionized electronic shell [B. N. Plakhutin and E. R. Davidson, J. Chem. Phys. 140, 014102 (2014)]. Based on these conditions, a general form of the restricted open-shell HF method is developed, whose eigenvalues (orbital energies) obey KT for the whole energy spectrum. Particular attention is paid to the treatment of OD systems, for which the new method gives a number of unexpected results. For example, the present method gives four different orbital energies for the triply degenerate atomic level 2p in the second row atoms B to F. Based on both KT conditions and a parallel treatment of atoms B to F within a limited configuration interaction approach, we prove that these four orbital energies, each of which is triply degenerate, are related via KT to the energies of different spin-dependent ionization and electron attachment processes (2p)N → (2p ) N ±1. A discussion is also presented of specific limitations of the validity of KT in the HF method which arise in OD systems. The practical applicability of the theory is verified by comparing KT estimates of the ionization potentials I2s and I2p for the second row open-shell atoms Li to F with the relevant experimental data.

Investigating the synthesis of ligated metal clusters in solution using a flow reactor and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Olivares, Astrid; Laskin, Julia; Johnson, Grant E

2014-09-18

The scalable synthesis of ligated subnanometer metal clusters containing an exact number of atoms is of interest due to the highly size-dependent catalytic, electronic, and optical properties of these species. While significant research has been conducted on the batch preparation of clusters through reduction synthesis in solution, the processes of metal complex reduction as well as cluster nucleation, growth, and postreduction etching are still not well understood. Herein, we demonstrate a prototype temperature-controlled flow reactor for qualitatively studying cluster formation in solution at steady-state conditions. Employing this technique, methanol solutions of a chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold precursor, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane capping ligand, and borane-tert-butylamine reducing agent were combined in a mixing tee and introduced into a heated capillary with a known length. In this manner, the temperature dependence of the relative abundance of different ionic reactants, intermediates, and products synthesized in real time was characterized qualitatively using online mass spectrometry. A wide distribution of doubly and triply charged cationic gold clusters was observed as well as smaller singly charged organometallic complexes. The results demonstrate that temperature plays a crucial role in determining the relative population of cationic gold clusters and, in general, that higher temperature promotes the formation of doubly charged clusters and singly charged organometallic complexes while reducing the abundance of triply charged species. Moreover, the distribution of clusters observed at elevated temperatures is found to be consistent with that obtained at longer reaction times at room temperature, thereby demonstrating that heating may be used to access cluster distributions characteristic of different stages of batch reduction synthesis in solution.

Multi-mode radio frequency device

DOEpatents

Gilbert, Ronald W [Morgan Hill, CA; Carrender, Curtis Lee [Morgan Hill, CA; Anderson, Gordon A [Benton City, WA; Steele, Kerry D [Kennewick, WA

2007-02-13

A transponder device having multiple modes of operation, such as an active mode and a passive mode, wherein the modes of operation are selected in response to the strength of a received radio frequency signal. A communication system is also provided having a transceiver configured to transmit a radio frequency signal and to receive a responsive signal, and a transponder configured to operate in a plurality of modes and to activate modes of operation in response to the radio frequency signal. Ideally, each mode of operation is activated and deactivated independent of the other modes, although two or more modes may be concurrently operational.

Characterization of Metering, Merging and Spacing Requirements for Future Trajectory-Based Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, Sally

2017-01-01

Trajectory-Based Operations (TBO) is one of the essential paradigm shifts in the NextGen transformation of the National Airspace System. Under TBO, aircraft are managed by 4-dimensional trajectories, and airborne and ground-based metering, merging, and spacing operations are key to managing those trajectories. This paper presents the results of a study of potential metering, merging, and spacing operations within a future TBO environment. A number of operational scenarios for tactical and strategic uses of metering, merging, and spacing are described, and interdependencies between concurrent tactical and strategic operations are identified.

The Development of Design Guides for the Implementation of Multiprocessing Element Systems.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

Conclusions............................ 30 -~-.4 IMPLEMENTATION OF CHILL SIGNALS . COMMUNICATION PRIMITIVES ON A DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM ........................ 31...Architecture of a Distributed System .......... ........................... 32 4.2 Algorithm for the SEND Signal Operation ...... 35 4.3 Algorithm for the...elements operating concurrently. Such Multi Processing-element Systems are clearly going to be complex and it is important that the designers of such

Cyclic growth in Atlantic region continental crust

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goodwin, A. M.

1986-01-01

Atlantic region continental crust evolved in successive stages under the influence of regular, approximately 400 Ma-long tectonic cycles. Data point to a variety of operative tectonic processes ranging from widespread ocean floor consumption (Wilson cycle) to entirely ensialic (Ampferer-style subduction or simple crustal attenuation-compression). Different processes may have operated concurrently in some or different belts. Resolving this remains the major challenge.

A correlational approach to predicting operator status

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shingledecker, Clark A.

1988-01-01

This paper discusses a research approach for identifying and validating candidate physiological and behavioral parameters which can be used to predict the performance capabilities of aircrew and other system operators. In this methodology, concurrent and advance correlations are computed between predictor values and criterion performance measures. Continuous performance and sleep loss are used as stressors to promote performance variation. Preliminary data are presented which suggest dependence of prediction capability on the resource allocation policy of the operator.

Circumcision-incision orchidopexy: A novel technique for palpable, low inguinal undescended testis

PubMed Central

Silangcruz, Jan Michael A.; Gomez, Odina; Dy, Jun S.; Morales, Marcelino L.

2017-01-01

Given that both orchidopexy and circumcision are commonly done in a single operative setting, we adopted a technique of combined orchidopexy and circumcision using a single circumcision incision. We applied this new technique to boys with palpable, low inguinal cryptorchidism. Here we describe a case series of 7 boys who underwent concurrent orchidopexy via the circumcision site. We present this novel technique and discuss our preliminary outcomes, including the anatomic basis and feasibility. The technique appears to be an alternative for concurrent circumcision and cryptorchid cases with palpable, low inguinal testes. PMID:29124248

Traffic incident management quick clearance laws : a national review of best practices.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-12-01

Constituting Quick Clearance Laws, three types of general legislation Move Over, Driver Removal, and Authority Removal laws - support concurrent Quick Clearance operations intended to enhance motorist and responder safety, as well as reduce...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Erol, V.; Netas Telecommunication Inc., Istanbul

Entanglement has been studied extensively for understanding the mysteries of non-classical correlations between quantum systems. In the bipartite case, there are well known monotones for quantifying entanglement such as concurrence, relative entropy of entanglement (REE) and negativity, which cannot be increased via local operations. The study on these monotones has been a hot topic in quantum information [1-7] in order to understand the role of entanglement in this discipline. It can be observed that from any arbitrary quantum pure state a mixed state can obtained. A natural generalization of this observation would be to consider local operations classical communication (LOCC)more » transformations between general pure states of two parties. Although this question is a little more difficult, a complete solution has been developed using the mathematical framework of the majorization theory [8]. In this work, we analyze the relation between entanglement monotones concurrence and negativity with respect to majorization for general two-level quantum systems of two particles.« less

Strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stoughton, John W.; Mielke, Roland R.

1988-01-01

The purpose is to document research to develop strategies for concurrent processing of complex algorithms in data driven architectures. The problem domain consists of decision-free algorithms having large-grained, computationally complex primitive operations. Such are often found in signal processing and control applications. The anticipated multiprocessor environment is a data flow architecture containing between two and twenty computing elements. Each computing element is a processor having local program memory, and which communicates with a common global data memory. A new graph theoretic model called ATAMM which establishes rules for relating a decomposed algorithm to its execution in a data flow architecture is presented. The ATAMM model is used to determine strategies to achieve optimum time performance and to develop a system diagnostic software tool. In addition, preliminary work on a new multiprocessor operating system based on the ATAMM specifications is described.

Continuation of research into software for space operations support: Conversion of the display manager to X Windows/Motif, volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Collier, Mark D.; Killough, Ronnie; Martin, Nancy L.

1990-01-01

NASA is currently using a set of applications called the Display Builder and Display Manager. They run on Concurrent systems and heavily depend on the Graphic Kernel System (GKS). At this time however, these two applications would more appropriately be developed in X Windows, in which a low X is used for all actual text and graphics display and a standard widget set (such as Motif) is used for the user interface. Use of the X Windows will increase performance, improve the user interface, enhance portability, and improve reliability. Prototype of X Window/Motif based Display Manager provides the following advantages over a GKS based application: improved performance by using a low level X Windows, display of graphic and text will be more efficient; improved user interface by using Motif; Improved portability by operating on both Concurrent and Sun workstations; and Improved reliability.

Reconciling pairs of concurrently used clinical practice guidelines using Constraint Logic Programming.

PubMed

Wilk, Szymon; Michalowski, Martin; Michalowski, Wojtek; Hing, Marisela Mainegra; Farion, Ken

2011-01-01

This paper describes a new methodological approach to reconciling adverse and contradictory activities (called points of contention) occurring when a patient is managed according to two or more concurrently used clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). The need to address these inconsistencies occurs when a patient with more than one disease, each of which is a comorbid condition, has to be managed according to different treatment regimens. We propose an automatic procedure that constructs a mathematical guideline model using the Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) methodology, uses this model to identify and mitigate encountered points of contention, and revises the considered CPGs accordingly. The proposed procedure is used as an alerting mechanism and coupled with a guideline execution engine warns the physician about potential problems with the concurrent application of two or more guidelines. We illustrate the operation of our procedure in a clinical scenario describing simultaneous use of CPGs for duodenal ulcer and transient ischemic attack.

An analysis of choice making in the assessment of young children with severe behavior problems.

PubMed

Harding, J W; Wacker, D P; Berg, W K; Cooper, L J; Asmus, J; Mlela, K; Muller, J

1999-01-01

We examined how positive and negative reinforcement influenced time allocation, occurrence of problem behavior, and completion of parent instructions during a concurrent choice assessment with 2 preschool-aged children who displayed severe problem behavior in their homes. The children were given a series of concurrent choice options that varied availability of parent attention, access to preferred toys, and presentation of parent instructions. The results showed that both children consistently allocated their time to choice areas that included parent attention when no instructions were presented. When parent attention choice areas included the presentation of instructions, the children displayed differential patterns of behavior that appeared to be influenced by the presence or absence of preferred toys. The results extended previous applications of reinforcer assessment procedures by analyzing the relative influence of both positive and negative reinforcement within a concurrent-operants paradigm.

Diffusion of Polymers through Periodic Networks of Lipid-Based Nanochannels.

PubMed

Ghanbari, Reza; Assenza, Salvatore; Saha, Abhijit; Mezzenga, Raffaele

2017-04-11

We present an experimental investigation of the diffusion of unfolded polymers in the triply-periodic water-channel network of inverse bicontinuous cubic phases. Depending on the chain size, our results indicate the presence of two different dynamical regimes corresponding to Zimm and Rouse diffusion. We support our findings by scaling arguments based on a combination of blob and effective-medium theories and suggest the presence of a third regime where dynamics is driven by reptation. Our experimental results also show an increasing behavior of the partition coefficient as a function of the polymer molecular weight, indicative of a reduction in the conformational degrees of freedom induced by the confinement.

Increasing shot and data collection rates of the Shock/Shear experiment at the National Ignition Facility

DOE PAGES

Doss, F. W.; Flippo, K. A.; Capelli, D.; ...

2016-05-26

Updates to the Los Alamos laser-driven high-energy-density Shock/Shear mixing- layer experiment are reported, which have collectively increased the platform's shot and data acquisition rates. Also, the strategies employed have included a move from two-strip to four-strip imagers (allowing four times to be recorded per shot instead of two), the implementation of physics-informed rules of engagements allowing for the maximum flexibility in a shot's total energy and symmetry performance, and by splitting the laser's main drive pulse from a monolithic single pulse equal to all beams into a triply-segmented pulse which minimizes optics damage.

Increasing shot and data collection rates of the Shock/Shear experiment at the National Ignition Facility

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Doss, F. W.; Flippo, K. A.; Capelli, D.

Updates to the Los Alamos laser-driven high-energy-density Shock/Shear mixing- layer experiment are reported, which have collectively increased the platform's shot and data acquisition rates. Also, the strategies employed have included a move from two-strip to four-strip imagers (allowing four times to be recorded per shot instead of two), the implementation of physics-informed rules of engagements allowing for the maximum flexibility in a shot's total energy and symmetry performance, and by splitting the laser's main drive pulse from a monolithic single pulse equal to all beams into a triply-segmented pulse which minimizes optics damage.

The inviscid stability of supersonic flow past axisymmetric bodies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Duck, Peter W.

1990-01-01

The supersonic flow past a sharp cone is studied. The associated boundary layer flow (i.e., the velocity and temperature field) is computed. The inviscid linear temporal stability of axisymmetric boundary layers in general is considered, and in particular, a so-called 'triply generalized' inflection condition for 'subsonic' nonaxisymmetric neutral modes is presented. Preliminary numerical results for the stability of the cone boundary layer are presented for a freestream Mach number of 3.8. In particular, a new inviscid mode of instability is seen to occur in certain regimes, and this is shown to be related to a viscous mode found by Duck and Hall (1988).

Generation of 8.3 dB continuous variable quantum entanglement at a telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jinxia, Feng; Zhenju, Wan; Yuanji, Li; Kuanshou, Zhang

2018-01-01

Continuous variable quantum entanglement at a telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm is experimentally generated using a single nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier based on a type-II periodically poled KTiOPO4 crystal. The triply resonant of the nondegenerate optical parametric amplifier is adjusted by tuning the crystal temperature and tilting the orientation of the crystal in the optical cavity. Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-entangled beams with quantum correlations of 8.3 dB for both the amplitude and phase quadratures are experimentally generated. This system can be used for continuous variable fibre-based quantum communication.

Operations concepts for Mars missions with multiple mobile spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dias, William C.

1993-01-01

Missions are being proposed which involve landing a varying number (anywhere from one to 24) of small mobile spacecraft on Mars. Mission proposals include sample returns, in situ geochemistry and geology, and instrument deployment functions. This paper discusses changes needed in traditional space operations methods for support of rover operations. Relevant differences include more frequent commanding, higher risk acceptance, streamlined procedures, and reliance on additional spacecraft autonomy, advanced fault protection, and prenegotiated decisions. New methods are especially important for missions with several Mars rovers operating concurrently against time limits. This paper also discusses likely mission design limits imposed by operations constraints .

Analysis of Interactive Graphics Display Equipment for an Automated Photo Interpretation System.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-06-01

System provides the hardware and software for a range of graphics processor tasks. The IMAGE System employs the RSX- II M real - time operating . system in...One hard copy unit serves up to four work stations. The executive program of the IMAGE system is the DEC RSX- 11 M real - time operating system . In...picture controller. The PDP 11/34 executes programs concurrently under the RSX- I IM real - time operating system . Each graphics program consists of a

Trends of Concurrent Ankle Arthroscopy at the Time of Operative Treatment of Ankle Fracture: A National Database Review.

PubMed

Ackermann, Jakob; Fraser, Ethan J; Murawski, Christopher D; Desai, Payal; Vig, Khushdeep; Kennedy, John G

2016-04-01

The purpose of this study was to report trends associated with concurrent ankle arthroscopy at the time of operative treatment of ankle fracture. The current procedural terminology (CPT) billing codes were used to search the PearlDiver Patient Record Database and identify all patients who were treated for acute ankle fracture in the United States. The Medicare Standard Analytic Files were searchable between 2005 and 2011 and the United Healthcare Orthopedic Dataset from 2007 to 2011. Annual trends were expressed only between 2007 and 2011, as it was the common time period among both databases. Demographic factors were identified for all procedures as well as the cost aspect using the Medicare data set. In total, 32 307 patients underwent open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of an ankle fracture, of whom 313 (1.0%) had an ankle arthroscopy performed simultaneously. Of those 313 cases, 70 (22.4%) patients received microfracture treatment. Between 2005 and 2011, 85 203 patients were treated for an ankle fracture whether via ORIF or closed treatment. Of these, a total of 566 patients underwent arthroscopic treatment within 7 years. The prevalence of arthroscopy after ankle fracture decreased significantly by 45% from 2007 to 2011 (P< .0001). When ORIF and microfracture were performed concurrently, the total average charge for both procedures drops to $4253.00 and average reimbursement to $818.00 compared with approximately $4964.00 and $1069.00, respectively, when they were performed subsequently. Despite good evidence in favor of arthroscopy at the time of ankle fracture treatment, it appears that only a small proportion of surgeons in the United States perform these procedures concurrently. Therapeutic, Level IV: Retrospective. © 2015 The Author(s).

Preschool Predictors of School-Age Academic Achievement in Autism Spectrum Disorder

PubMed Central

Miller, Lauren E.; Burke, Jeffrey D.; Troyb, Eva; Knoch, Kelley; Herlihy, Lauren E.; Fein, Deborah A.

2017-01-01

Objective Characterization of academic functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly predictors of achievement, may have important implications for intervention. The current study aimed to characterize achievement profiles, confirm associations between academic ability and concurrent intellectual and social skills, and explore preschool predictors of school-age academic achievement in a sample of children with ASD. Method Children with ASD (N = 26) were evaluated at the approximate ages of two, four, and ten years. Multiple regression was used to predict school-age academic achievement in reading and mathematics from both concurrent (i.e., school-age) and preschool variables. Results Children with ASD demonstrated a weakness in reading comprehension relative to word reading. There was a smaller difference between mathematics skills; math reasoning was lower than numerical operations, but this did not quite reach trend level significance. Concurrent IQ and social skills were associated with school-age academic achievement across domains. Preschool verbal abilities significantly predicted school-age reading comprehension, above and beyond concurrent IQ, and early motor functioning predicted later math skills. Conclusions Specific developmental features of early ASD predict specific aspects of school-age achievement. Early intervention targeting language and motor skills may improve later achievement in this population. PMID:27705180

Preschool predictors of school-age academic achievement in autism spectrum disorder.

PubMed

Miller, Lauren E; Burke, Jeffrey D; Troyb, Eva; Knoch, Kelley; Herlihy, Lauren E; Fein, Deborah A

2017-02-01

Characterization of academic functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly predictors of achievement, may have important implications for intervention. The current study aimed to characterize achievement profiles, confirm associations between academic ability and concurrent intellectual and social skills, and explore preschool predictors of school-age academic achievement in a sample of children with ASD. Children with ASD (n = 26) were evaluated at the approximate ages of two, four, and ten. Multiple regression was used to predict school-age academic achievement in reading and mathematics from both concurrent (i.e. school-age) and preschool variables. Children with ASD demonstrated a weakness in reading comprehension relative to word reading. There was a smaller difference between mathematics skills; math reasoning was lower than numerical operations, but this did not quite reach trend level significance. Concurrent IQ and social skills were associated with school-age academic achievement across domains. Preschool verbal abilities significantly predicted school-age reading comprehension, above and beyond concurrent IQ, and early motor functioning predicted later math skills. Specific developmental features of early ASD predict specific aspects of school-age achievement. Early intervention targeting language and motor skills may improve later achievement in this population.

[Perioperative management of the pancreaticoduoden-ectomy: fluid administration and nutritional support based on complication prevention and treatment].

PubMed

Peng, Jun-sheng; Chen, Shi

2013-11-01

Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) has been widely accepted as one of the most complicated operation in abdominal surgery. The patients who receive PD operation always have other concurrent conditions, such as jaundice, diabetes, liver dysfunction, and malnutrition. Pancreatic fistula, biliary fistula and gastrointestinal dysfunction are common complications after PD. Proper perioperative management and fluid administration can reduce postoperative complications and the mortality.

Sharing the Burden and Risk: An Operational Assessment of the Reserve Components in Operation Iraqi Freedom

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

Manpower Data Center (DMDC) for data extracts identifying monthly deployments from September 2001 through December 2014. This data would answer questions... Manpower Data Center (DMDC) databases captured which service members were mobilized and deployed. Government history offices, lessons learned...develop MOEs and MOPs to conduct assessments. 1. Data Extracts Concurrent with engagement efforts, IDA queried the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC

AN EVALUATION OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN QUALITY OF ATTENTION AND NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT WITH CHILDREN WHO DISPLAY ESCAPE-MAINTAINED PROBLEM BEHAVIOR

PubMed Central

Gardner, Andrew W; Wacker, David P; Boelter, Eric W

2009-01-01

The choice-making behavior of 2 typically developing children who engaged in problem behavior maintained by negative reinforcement was evaluated within a concurrent-operants assessment that varied the quality of attention across free-play and demand conditions. The results demonstrated that it was possible to bias responding towards academic demands for both participants by providing high-quality attention, despite the continuous availability of negative reinforcement. The current study extended brief clinical methods with typically developing children and demonstrated how different qualities of attention provided across concurrent schedules could bias responding. PMID:19949522

Cooperative optimization of reconfigurable machine tool configurations and production process plan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xie, Nan; Li, Aiping; Xue, Wei

2012-09-01

The production process plan design and configurations of reconfigurable machine tool (RMT) interact with each other. Reasonable process plans with suitable configurations of RMT help to improve product quality and reduce production cost. Therefore, a cooperative strategy is needed to concurrently solve the above issue. In this paper, the cooperative optimization model for RMT configurations and production process plan is presented. Its objectives take into account both impacts of process and configuration. Moreover, a novel genetic algorithm is also developed to provide optimal or near-optimal solutions: firstly, its chromosome is redesigned which is composed of three parts, operations, process plan and configurations of RMTs, respectively; secondly, its new selection, crossover and mutation operators are also developed to deal with the process constraints from operation processes (OP) graph, otherwise these operators could generate illegal solutions violating the limits; eventually the optimal configurations for RMT under optimal process plan design can be obtained. At last, a manufacturing line case is applied which is composed of three RMTs. It is shown from the case that the optimal process plan and configurations of RMT are concurrently obtained, and the production cost decreases 6.28% and nonmonetary performance increases 22%. The proposed method can figure out both RMT configurations and production process, improve production capacity, functions and equipment utilization for RMT.

Technology Demonstration Summary: CF Systems Organics Extraction System, New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts

EPA Science Inventory

The Site Program demonstration of CF Systems' organics extraction technology was conducted to obtain specific operating and cost information that could be used in evaluating the potential applicability of the technology to Superfund sites. The demonstration was conducted concurr...

7 CFR 253.1 - General purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Distribution Program and the Food Stamp Program on Indian reservations when such concurrent operation is... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS AND POLICIES-FOOD DISTRIBUTION ADMINISTRATION OF THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM...

7 CFR 253.1 - General purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Distribution Program and the Food Stamp Program on Indian reservations when such concurrent operation is... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) FOOD AND NUTRITION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS AND POLICIES-FOOD DISTRIBUTION ADMINISTRATION OF THE FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM...

40 CFR 60.73 - Emission monitoring.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... operator shall establish a conversion factor for the purpose of converting monitoring data into units of the applicable standard (kg/metric ton, lb/ton). The conversion factor shall be established by... represents emission measurements concurrent with the reference method test periods, the conversion factor...

Remote file inquiry (RFI) system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1975-01-01

System interrogates and maintains user-definable data files from remote terminals, using English-like, free-form query language easily learned by persons not proficient in computer programming. System operates in asynchronous mode, allowing any number of inquiries within limitation of available core to be active concurrently.

Dose-Volume Analysis of Predictors for Gastrointestinal Toxicity After Concurrent Full-Dose Gemcitabine and Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huang Jiayi; Robertson, John M., E-mail: jrobertson@beaumont.edu; Ye Hong

2012-07-15

Purpose: To identify dosimetric predictors for the development of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity in patients with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC) treated with concurrent full-dose gemcitabine and radiotherapy (GemRT). Methods and Materials: From June 2002 to June 2009, 46 LAPC patients treated with definitive GemRT were retrospectively analyzed. The stomach and duodenum were retrospectively contoured separately to determine their dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters. GI toxicity was defined as Grade 3 or higher GI toxicity. The follow-up time was calculated from the start of RT to the date of death or last contact. Univariate analysis (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA) using Kaplan-Meiermore » and Cox regression models were performed to identify risk factors associated with GI toxicity. The receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to determine the best DVH parameter to predict for GI toxicity. Results: Of the patients, 28 (61%) received concurrent gemcitabine alone, and 18 (39%) had concurrent gemcitabine with daily erlotinib. On UVA, only the V{sub 20Gy} to V{sub 35Gy} of duodenum were significantly associated with GI toxicity (all p {<=} 0.05). On MVA, the V{sub 25Gy} of duodenum and the use of erlotinib were independent risk factors for GI toxicity (p = 0.006 and 0.02, respectively). For the entire cohort, the V{sub 25Gy} of duodenum is the best predictor for GI toxicity (AUC = 0.717), and the 12-month GI toxicity rate was 8% vs. 48% for V{sub 25Gy} {<=} 45% and V{sub 25Gy} > 45%, respectively (p = 0.03). However, excluding the erlotinib group, the V{sub 35Gy} is the best predictor (AUC = 0.725), and the 12-month GI toxicity rate was 0% vs. 41% for V{sub 35Gy} {<=} 20% and V{sub 35Gy} > 20%, respectively (p = 0.04). Conclusions: DVH parameters of duodenum may predict Grade 3 GI toxicity after GemRT for LAPC. Concurrent use of erlotinib during GemRT may increase GI toxicity.« less

Mitigation of adverse interactions in pairs of clinical practice guidelines using constraint logic programming.

PubMed

Wilk, Szymon; Michalowski, Wojtek; Michalowski, Martin; Farion, Ken; Hing, Marisela Mainegra; Mohapatra, Subhra

2013-04-01

We propose a new method to mitigate (identify and address) adverse interactions (drug-drug or drug-disease) that occur when a patient with comorbid diseases is managed according to two concurrently applied clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). A lack of methods to facilitate the concurrent application of CPGs severely limits their use in clinical practice and the development of such methods is one of the grand challenges for clinical decision support. The proposed method responds to this challenge. We introduce and formally define logical models of CPGs and other related concepts, and develop the mitigation algorithm that operates on these concepts. In the algorithm we combine domain knowledge encoded as interaction and revision operators using the constraint logic programming (CLP) paradigm. The operators characterize adverse interactions and describe revisions to logical models required to address these interactions, while CLP allows us to efficiently solve the logical models - a solution represents a feasible therapy that may be safely applied to a patient. The mitigation algorithm accepts two CPGs and available (likely incomplete) patient information. It reports whether mitigation has been successful or not, and on success it gives a feasible therapy and points at identified interactions (if any) together with the revisions that address them. Thus, we consider the mitigation algorithm as an alerting tool to support a physician in the concurrent application of CPGs that can be implemented as a component of a clinical decision support system. We illustrate our method in the context of two clinical scenarios involving a patient with duodenal ulcer who experiences an episode of transient ischemic attack. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Masses of Te130 and Xe130 and Double-β-Decay Q Value of Te130

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Redshaw, Matthew; Mount, Brianna J.; Myers, Edmund G.; Avignone, Frank T., III

2009-05-01

The atomic masses of Te130 and Xe130 have been obtained by measuring cyclotron frequency ratios of pairs of triply charged ions simultaneously trapped in a Penning trap. The results, with 1 standard deviation uncertainty, are M(Te130)=129.906222744(16)u and M(Xe130)=129.903509351(15)u. From the mass difference the double-β-decay Q value of Te130 is determined to be Qββ(Te130)=2527.518(13)keV. This is a factor of 150 more precise than the result of the AME2003 [G. Audi , Nucl. Phys. A729, 337 (2003)NUPABL0375-947410.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.003].

Measured temperature and pressure dependence of compressional (Vp) and shear (Vs) wave speeds in compacted, polycrystalline ice lh

USGS Publications Warehouse

Helgerud, M.B.; Waite, W.F.; Kirby, S.H.; Nur, A.

2003-01-01

We report on laboratory measurements of compressional- and shear-wave speeds in a compacted, polycrystalline ice-Ih sample. The sample was made from triply distilled water that had been frozen into single crystal ice, ground into small grains, and sieved to extract the 180–250 µm diameter fraction. Porosity was eliminated from the sample by compacting the granular ice between a hydraulically driven piston and a fixed end plug, both containing shear-wave transducers. Based on simultaneous compressional- and shear-wave-speed measurements, we calculated Poisson's ratio and compressional-wave, bulk, and shear moduli from –20 to –5°C and 22 to 33 MPa.

Avionics architecture studies for the entry research vehicle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dzwonczyk, M. J.; Mckinney, M. F.; Adams, S. J.; Gauthier, R. J.

1989-01-01

This report is the culmination of a year-long investigation of the avionics architecture for NASA's Entry Research Vehicle (ERV). The Entry Research Vehicle is conceived to be an unmanned, autonomous spacecraft to be deployed from the Shuttle. It will perform various aerodynamic and propulsive maneuvers in orbit and land at Edwards AFB after a 5 to 10 hour mission. The design and analysis of the vehicle's avionics architecture are detailed here. The architecture consists of a central triply redundant ultra-reliable fault tolerant processor attached to three replicated and distributed MIL-STD-1553 buses for input and output. The reliability analysis is detailed here. The architecture was found to be sufficiently reliable for the ERV mission plan.

Liquid Alumina: Detailed Atomic Coordination Determined from Neutron Diffraction Data Using Empirical Potential Structure Refinement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Landron, C.; Hennet, L.; Jenkins, T. E.; Greaves, G. N.; Coutures, J. P.; Soper, A. K.

2001-05-01

The neutron scattering structure factor SN\\(Q\\) for a 40 mg drop of molten alumina ( Al2O3) held at 2500 K, using a laser-heated aerodynamic levitation furnace, is measured for the first time. A 1700 atom model of liquid alumina is generated from these data using the technique of empirical potential structural refinement. About 62% of the aluminum sites are 4-fold coordinated, matching the mostly triply coordinated oxygen sites, but some 24% of the aluminum sites are 5-fold coordinated. The octahedral aluminum sites found in crystalline α-Al2O3 occur only at the 2% level in liquid alumina.

A cognitive approach to classifying perceived behaviors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Benjamin, Dale Paul; Lyons, Damian

2010-04-01

This paper describes our work on integrating distributed, concurrent control in a cognitive architecture, and using it to classify perceived behaviors. We are implementing the Robot Schemas (RS) language in Soar. RS is a CSP-type programming language for robotics that controls a hierarchy of concurrently executing schemas. The behavior of every RS schema is defined using port automata. This provides precision to the semantics and also a constructive means of reasoning about the behavior and meaning of schemas. Our implementation uses Soar operators to build, instantiate and connect port automata as needed. Our approach is to use comprehension through generation (similar to NLSoar) to search for ways to construct port automata that model perceived behaviors. The generality of RS permits us to model dynamic, concurrent behaviors. A virtual world (Ogre) is used to test the accuracy of these automata. Soar's chunking mechanism is used to generalize and save these automata. In this way, the robot learns to recognize new behaviors.

Reconciling Pairs of Concurrently Used Clinical Practice Guidelines Using Constraint Logic Programming

PubMed Central

Wilk, Szymon; Michalowski, Martin; Michalowski, Wojtek; Hing, Marisela Mainegra; Farion, Ken

2011-01-01

This paper describes a new methodological approach to reconciling adverse and contradictory activities (called points of contention) occurring when a patient is managed according to two or more concurrently used clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). The need to address these inconsistencies occurs when a patient with more than one disease, each of which is a comorbid condition, has to be managed according to different treatment regimens. We propose an automatic procedure that constructs a mathematical guideline model using the Constraint Logic Programming (CLP) methodology, uses this model to identify and mitigate encountered points of contention, and revises the considered CPGs accordingly. The proposed procedure is used as an alerting mechanism and coupled with a guideline execution engine warns the physician about potential problems with the concurrent application of two or more guidelines. We illustrate the operation of our procedure in a clinical scenario describing simultaneous use of CPGs for duodenal ulcer and transient ischemic attack. PMID:22195153

Self-checking self-repairing computer nodes using the mirror processor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tamir, Yuval

1992-01-01

Circuitry added to fault-tolerant systems for concurrent error deduction usually reduces performance. Using a technique called micro rollback, it is possible to eliminate most of the performance penalty of concurrent error detection. Error detection is performed in parallel with intermodule communication, and erroneous state changes are later undone. The author reports on the design and implementation of a VLSI RISC microprocessor, called the Mirror Processor (MP), which is capable of micro rollback. In order to achieve concurrent error detection, two MP chips operate in lockstep, comparing external signals and a signature of internal signals every clock cycle. If a mismatch is detected, both processors roll back to the beginning of the cycle when the error occurred. In some cases the erroneous state is corrected by copying a value from the fault-free processor to the faulty processor. The architecture, microarchitecture, and VLSI implementation of the MP, emphasizing its error-detection, error-recovery, and self-diagnosis capabilities, are described.

47 CFR 73.1510 - Experimental authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Experimental authorizations. 73.1510 Section 73... conducted at any time the station is authorized to operate, but the minimum required schedule of programming... regularly scheduled programming concurrently with the experimental transmission if there is no significant...

47 CFR 73.1510 - Experimental authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Experimental authorizations. 73.1510 Section 73... conducted at any time the station is authorized to operate, but the minimum required schedule of programming... regularly scheduled programming concurrently with the experimental transmission if there is no significant...

Universal School Readiness Screening at Kindergarten Entry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quirk, Matthew; Dowdy, Erin; Dever, Bridget; Carnazzo, Katherine; Bolton, Courtney

2018-01-01

Researchers examined the concurrent and predictive validity of a brief (12-item) teacher-rated school readiness screener, the Kindergarten Student Entrance Profile (KSEP), using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to examine associations between (N = 78) children's social-emotional (SE) and cognitive (COG) readiness with…

Performance assessment of an onboard monitoring system for CMV drivers : a field operational test : research brief.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-11-01

The primary goal of an onboard monitoring system (OBMS) is to enhance driver performance and safety. OBMSs are employed with the expectation that feedback provided concurrently (via flashing feedback lights in the vehicle) and cumulatively (via coach...

29 CFR 1952.313 - Final approval determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 1902. Accordingly, the Hawaii plan was granted final approval and concurrent Federal enforcement... employment in Hawaii. The plan does not cover maritime employment in the private sector; Federal government... effective as operations under the Federal program; to submit plan supplements in accordance with 29 CFR part...

Genetics and language: a neurobiological perspective on the missing link (-ing hypotheses).

PubMed

Poeppel, David

2011-12-01

The paper argues that both evolutionary and genetic approaches to studying the biological foundations of speech and language could benefit from fractionating the problem at a finer grain, aiming not to map genetics to "language"-or even subdomains of language such as "phonology" or "syntax"-but rather to link genetic results to component formal operations that underlie processing the comprehension and production of linguistic representations. Neuroanatomic and neurophysiological research suggests that language processing is broken down in space (distributed functional anatomy along concurrent pathways) and time (concurrent processing on multiple time scales). These parallel neuronal pathways and their local circuits form the infrastructure of speech and language and are the actual targets of evolution/genetics. Therefore, investigating the mapping from gene to brain circuit to linguistic phenotype at the level of generic computational operations (subroutines actually executable in these circuits) stands to provide a new perspective on the biological foundations in the healthy and challenged brain.

Towers of generalized divisible quantum codes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haah, Jeongwan

2018-04-01

A divisible binary classical code is one in which every code word has weight divisible by a fixed integer. If the divisor is 2ν for a positive integer ν , then one can construct a Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) code, where X -stabilizer space is the divisible classical code, that admits a transversal gate in the ν th level of Clifford hierarchy. We consider a generalization of the divisibility by allowing a coefficient vector of odd integers with which every code word has zero dot product modulo the divisor. In this generalized sense, we construct a CSS code with divisor 2ν +1 and code distance d from any CSS code of code distance d and divisor 2ν where the transversal X is a nontrivial logical operator. The encoding rate of the new code is approximately d times smaller than that of the old code. In particular, for large d and ν ≥2 , our construction yields a CSS code of parameters [[O (dν -1) ,Ω (d ) ,d ] ] admitting a transversal gate at the ν th level of Clifford hierarchy. For our construction we introduce a conversion from magic state distillation protocols based on Clifford measurements to those based on codes with transversal T gates. Our tower contains, as a subclass, generalized triply even CSS codes that have appeared in so-called gauge fixing or code switching methods.

A One-Versus-All Class Binarization Strategy for Bearing Diagnostics of Concurrent Defects

PubMed Central

Ng, Selina S. Y.; Tse, Peter W.; Tsui, Kwok L.

2014-01-01

In bearing diagnostics using a data-driven modeling approach, a concern is the need for data from all possible scenarios to build a practical model for all operating conditions. This paper is a study on bearing diagnostics with the concurrent occurrence of multiple defect types. The authors are not aware of any work in the literature that studies this practical problem. A strategy based on one-versus-all (OVA) class binarization is proposed to improve fault diagnostics accuracy while reducing the number of scenarios for data collection, by predicting concurrent defects from training data of normal and single defects. The proposed OVA diagnostic approach is evaluated with empirical analysis using support vector machine (SVM) and C4.5 decision tree, two popular classification algorithms frequently applied to system health diagnostics and prognostics. Statistical features are extracted from the time domain and the frequency domain. Prediction performance of the proposed strategy is compared with that of a simple multi-class classification, as well as that of random guess and worst-case classification. We have verified the potential of the proposed OVA diagnostic strategy in performance improvements for single-defect diagnosis and predictions of BPFO plus BPFI concurrent defects using two laboratory-collected vibration data sets. PMID:24419162

An Alternative to the Stay/Switch Equation Assessed When Using a Changeover-Delay

PubMed Central

MacDonall, James S.

2015-01-01

An alternative to the generalized matching equation for understanding concurrent performances is the stay/switch model. For the stay/switch model, the important events are the contingencies and behaviors at each alternative. The current experiment compares the descriptions by two stay/switch equations, the original, empirically derived stay/switch equation and a more theoretically derived equation based on ratios of stay to switch responses matching ratios of stay to switch reinforcers. The present experiment compared descriptions by the original stay/switch equation when using and not using a changeover delay. It also compared descriptions by the more theoretical equation with and without a changeover delay. Finally, it compared descriptions of the concurrent performances by these two equations. Rats were trained in 15 conditions on identical concurrent random-interval schedules in each component of a multiple schedule. A COD operated in only one component. There were no consistent differences in the variance accounted for by each equation of concurrent performances whether or not a COD was used. The simpler equation found greater sensitivity to stay than to switch reinforcers. It also found a COD eliminated the influence of switch reinforcers. Because estimates of parameters were more meaningful when using the more theoretical stay/switch equation it is preferred. PMID:26299548

An alternative to the stay/switch equation assessed when using a changeover-delay.

PubMed

MacDonall, James S

2015-11-01

An alternative to the generalized matching equation for understanding concurrent performances is the stay/switch model. For the stay/switch model, the important events are the contingencies and behaviors at each alternative. The current experiment compares the descriptions by two stay/switch equations, the original, empirically derived stay/switch equation and a more theoretically derived equation based on ratios of stay to switch responses matching ratios of stay to switch reinforcers. The present experiment compared descriptions by the original stay/switch equation when using and not using a changeover delay. It also compared descriptions by the more theoretical equation with and without a changeover delay. Finally, it compared descriptions of the concurrent performances by these two equations. Rats were trained in 15 conditions on identical concurrent random-interval schedules in each component of a multiple schedule. A COD operated in only one component. There were no consistent differences in the variance accounted for by each equation of concurrent performances whether or not a COD was used. The simpler equation found greater sensitivity to stay than to switch reinforcers. It also found a COD eliminated the influence of switch reinforcers. Because estimates of parameters were more meaningful when using the more theoretical stay/switch equation it is preferred. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Is it really good to talk? Testing the impact of providing concurrent verbal protocols on driving performance.

PubMed

Salmon, Paul Matthew; Goode, Natassia; Spiertz, Antje; Thomas, Miles; Grant, Eryn; Clacy, Amanda

2017-06-01

Questions have been raised regarding the impact that providing concurrent verbal protocols has on task performance in various settings; however, there has been little empirical testing of this in road transport. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of providing concurrent verbal protocols on driving performance. Participants drove an instrumented vehicle around a set route, twice whilst providing a concurrent verbal protocol, and twice without. A comparison revealed no differences in behaviour related to speed, braking and steering wheel angle when driving mid-block, but a significant difference in aspects of braking and acceleration at roundabouts. When not providing a verbal protocol, participants were found to brake harder on approach to a roundabout and accelerate more heavily coming out of roundabouts. It is concluded that providing verbal protocols may have a positive effect on braking and accelerating. Practical implications related to driver training and future research are discussed. Practitioner Summary: Verbal protocol analysis is used by ergonomists to understand aspects of cognition and decision-making during complex tasks such as driving and control room operation. This study examines the impact that it has on driving performance, providing evidence to support its continued use in ergonomics applications.

A one-versus-all class binarization strategy for bearing diagnostics of concurrent defects.

PubMed

Ng, Selina S Y; Tse, Peter W; Tsui, Kwok L

2014-01-13

In bearing diagnostics using a data-driven modeling approach, a concern is the need for data from all possible scenarios to build a practical model for all operating conditions. This paper is a study on bearing diagnostics with the concurrent occurrence of multiple defect types. The authors are not aware of any work in the literature that studies this practical problem. A strategy based on one-versus-all (OVA) class binarization is proposed to improve fault diagnostics accuracy while reducing the number of scenarios for data collection, by predicting concurrent defects from training data of normal and single defects. The proposed OVA diagnostic approach is evaluated with empirical analysis using support vector machine (SVM) and C4.5 decision tree, two popular classification algorithms frequently applied to system health diagnostics and prognostics. Statistical features are extracted from the time domain and the frequency domain. Prediction performance of the proposed strategy is compared with that of a simple multi-class classification, as well as that of random guess and worst-case classification. We have verified the potential of the proposed OVA diagnostic strategy in performance improvements for single-defect diagnosis and predictions of BPFO plus BPFI concurrent defects using two laboratory-collected vibration data sets.

Cooperation driven coherence: Brains working hard together.

PubMed

Bezerianos, Anastasios; Sun, Yu; Chen, Yu; Woong, Kian Fong; Taya, Fumihiko; Arico, Pietro; Borghini, Gianluca; Babiloni, Fabio; Thakor, Nitish

2015-01-01

The current study aims to look at the difference in coupling of EEG activity of participant pairs while they perform a cooperative, concurrent, independent yet different task at high and low difficulty levels. Participants performed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) designed Multi-Attribute Task Battery (MATB-II) task which simulates a pilot and copilot operating an aircraft. Each participant in the pair was responsible for 2 out of 4 subtasks which were independent and different from one another while all tasks occurs concurrently in real time with difficulty levels being the frequency that adjustments are required for each subtask. We found that as the task become more difficult, there was more coupling between the pilot and copilot.

Software engineering aspects of real-time programming concepts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schoitsch, Erwin

1986-08-01

Real-time programming is a discipline of great importance not only in process control, but also in fields like communication, office automation, interactive databases, interactive graphics and operating systems development. General concepts of concurrent programming and constructs for process-synchronization are discussed in detail. Tasking and synchronization concepts, methods of process communication, interrupt and timeout handling in systems based on semaphores, signals, conditional critical regions or on real-time languages like Concurrent PASCAL, MODULA, CHILL and ADA are explained and compared with each other. The second part deals with structuring and modularization of technical processes to build reliable and maintainable real time systems. Software-quality and software engineering aspects are considered throughout the paper.

Advanced Concurrent-Multiband, Multibeam, Aperture-Synthesis with Intelligent Processing for Urban Operation Sensing

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-09

signatures (RSS), in particular, despeckling, superresolution and convergence rate, for a variety of admissible 115 imaging array sensor...attain the superresolution performances in the resulting SSP estimates (3.4), we propose the VA inspired approach [13], [14] to specify the POCS

28 CFR 25.53 - Responsibilities of the operator of NMVTIS.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... NMVTIS. 25.53 Section 25.53 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE..., state, or local law enforcement official on request of that official, information in NMVTIS about a... and accept, with the concurrence of the Department of Justice, additional information from states and...

Using ADA Tasks to Simulate Operating Equipment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DeAcetis, Louis A.; Schmidt, Oron; Krishen, Kumar

1990-01-01

A method of simulating equipment using ADA tasks is discussed. Individual units of equipment are coded as concurrently running tasks that monitor and respond to input signals. This technique has been used in a simulation of the space-to-ground Communications and Tracking subsystem of Space Station Freedom.

Highway planning and operations for the Dallas district : implementation and evaluation of concurrent flow HOV lanes in Texas : summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-11-01

Limited capital investment for major transportation improvements and growth in metropolitan areas require the most efficient use of the existing transportation system. One means to achieve this is high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. While an extensiv...

Highway planning and operations for the Dallas district : implementation and evaluation of concurrent flow HOV lanes in Texas

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-11-01

Limited capital investment for major transportation improvements and growth in metropolitan areas require the most efficient use of the existing transportation system. One means to achieve this is high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. While an extensiv...

Using Ada tasks to simulate operating equipment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deacetis, Louis A.; Schmidt, Oron; Krishen, Kumar

1990-01-01

A method of simulating equipment using Ada tasks is discussed. Individual units of equipment are coded as concurrently running tasks that monitor and respond to input signals. This technique has been used in a simulation of the space-to-ground Communications and Tracking subsystem of Space Station Freedom.

Operation and Funding of the Regional Wartime Construction Manager

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

for 75 days, but construction requirements continue for a total of 90 days. a. Threat Forces The countries of Tiburon, Perro , Pared, Zorritos, Barco...country of Perro through to the country of Cisnes. Concurrently, BP forces from their eastern command (Pared, Zorritos, Barco, and Mariposa) launch

45 CFR 150.313 - Market conduct examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Non-Federal Governmental Plans-Civil Money Penalties § 150.313 Market conduct examinations. (a..., or the operation of a non-Federal governmental plan, involving the review of one or more (or a... consist of one of the following: (i) Concurrence with the issuer's or non-Federal governmental plan's...

45 CFR 150.313 - Market conduct examinations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Non-Federal Governmental Plans-Civil Money Penalties § 150.313 Market conduct examinations. (a..., or the operation of a non-Federal governmental plan, involving the review of one or more (or a... consist of one of the following: (i) Concurrence with the issuer's or non-Federal governmental plan's...

Portable aptamer biosensor of platelet-derived growth factor-BB using a personal glucose meter with triply amplified.

PubMed

Hong, Lu; Zhou, Fu; Shi, Dongmin; Zhang, Xiaojun; Wang, Guangfeng

2017-09-15

Sensitive and rapid detection of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), a cancer-related protein, could help early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cancers. Although some methods have been developed to detect PDGF-BB, few can provide quantitative results using an affordable and portable device that is suitable for home use or field application. In this work, we report the first use of a portable kind of personal glucose meter (PGM) combining a catalytic and molecular beacon (CAMB) system with a cation exchange reaction (CX reaction) for ultrasensitive PDGF-BB assay. It realized the amplification of the detection in three ways, including greater aptamer payload on nanoparticles, CX reaction releasing thousands of Zn 2+ and the cycle by the catalyzing cleavage of 8-17 DNAzyme. In the process, with the addition of PDGF-BB into the aptasensor, the specific recognition between aptamer and protein was initiated resulting in the combination of ZnS NNC for further CX reaction to release thousands of Zn 2+ , which could cleave the substrate DNA in the CAMB system realizing multiple cycle. The cleaved DNA fragment was designed with invertase-labeled could convert sucrose into glucose which could be detected and quantified by PGM accompanying with the change of color of the control window from yellow to green. The enhanced signal of the PGM has a relationship with the concentration of PDGF-BB in the range of 3.16×10 -16 M to 3.16×10 -12 M, and the detection limit is 0.11fM. Moreover, the catalytic and cleavage activities of 8-17 DNAzyme can be achieved in solution; thus, no enzyme immobilization is needed for detection. The triply amplified strategy showed high selectivity, stability, and applicability for detecting the desired protein. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Spectroscopic properties of Arx-Zn and Arx-Ag+ (x = 1,2) van der Waals complexes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oyedepo, Gbenga A.; Peterson, Charles; Schoendorff, George; Wilson, Angela K.

2013-03-01

Potential energy curves have been constructed using coupled cluster with singles, doubles, and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T)) in combination with all-electron and pseudopotential-based multiply augmented correlation consistent basis sets [m-aug-cc-pV(n + d)Z; m = singly, doubly, triply, n = D,T,Q,5]. The effect of basis set superposition error on the spectroscopic properties of Ar-Zn, Ar2-Zn, Ar-Ag+, and Ar2-Ag+ van der Waals complexes was examined. The diffuse functions of the doubly and triply augmented basis sets have been constructed using the even-tempered expansion. The a posteriori counterpoise scheme of Boys and Bernardi and its generalized variant by Valiron and Mayer has been utilized to correct for basis set superposition error (BSSE) in the calculated spectroscopic properties for diatomic and triatomic species. It is found that even at the extrapolated complete basis set limit for the energetic properties, the pseudopotential-based calculations still suffer from significant BSSE effects unlike the all-electron basis sets. This indicates that the quality of the approximations used in the design of pseudopotentials could have major impact on a seemingly valence-exclusive effect like BSSE. We confirm the experimentally determined equilibrium internuclear distance (re), binding energy (De), harmonic vibrational frequency (ωe), and C1Π ← X1Σ transition energy for ArZn and also predict the spectroscopic properties for the low-lying excited states of linear Ar2-Zn (X1Σg, 3Πg, 1Πg), Ar-Ag+ (X1Σ, 3Σ, 3Π, 3Δ, 1Σ, 1Π, 1Δ), and Ar2-Ag+ (X1Σg, 3Σg, 3Πg, 3Δg, 1Σg, 1Πg, 1Δg) complexes, using the CCSD(T) and MR-CISD + Q methods, to aid in their experimental characterizations.

Effects of Tasks on BOLD Signal Responses to Sentence Contrasts: Review and Commentary

PubMed Central

Caplan, David; Gow, David

2010-01-01

Functional neuroimaging studies of syntactic processing have been interpreted as identifying the neural locations of parsing and interpretive operations. However, current behavioral studies of sentence processing indicate that many operations occur simultaneously with parsing and interpretation. In this review, we point to issues that arise in discriminating the effects of these concurrent processes from those of the parser/interpreter in neural measures and to approaches that may help resolve them. PMID:20932562

A biocatalytic cascade with several output signals—towards biosensors with different levels of confidence

PubMed Central

Guz, Nataliia; Halámek, Jan; Rusling, James F.; Katz, Evgeny

2014-01-01

The biocatalytic cascade based on enzyme-catalyzed reactions activated by several biomolecular input signals and producing output signal after each reaction step was developed as an example of a logically reversible information processing system. The model system was designed to mimic the operation of concatenated AND logic gates with optically readable output signals generated at each step of the logic operation. Implications include concurrent bioanalyses and data interpretation for medical diagnostics. PMID:24748446

NSTX-U Advances in Real-Time C++11 on Linux

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Erickson, Keith G.

2015-08-01

Programming languages like C and Ada combined with proprietary embedded operating systems have dominated the real-time application space for decades. The new C++11 standard includes native, language-level support for concurrency, a required feature for any nontrivial event-oriented real-time software. Threads, Locks, and Atomics now exist to provide the necessary tools to build the structures that make up the foundation of a complex real-time system. The National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is breaking new ground with the language as applied to the needs of fusion devices. A new Digital Coil Protection System (DCPS) will serve as the main protection mechanism for the magnetic coils, and it is written entirely in C++11 running on Concurrent Computer Corporation's real-time operating system, RedHawk Linux. It runs over 600 algorithms in a 5 kHz control loop that determine whether or not to shut down operations before physical damage occurs. To accomplish this, NSTX-U engineers developed software tools that do not currently exist elsewhere, including real-time atomic synchronization, real-time containers, and a real-time logging framework. Together with a recent (and carefully configured) version of the GCC compiler, these tools enable data acquisition, processing, and output using a conventional operating system to meet a hard real-time deadline (that is, missing one periodic is a failure) of 200 microseconds.

Formal Specification and Verification of Concurrent Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-02-01

of examples from the emerging theory of This book describes operating systems in general programming languages. via the construction of MINIX , a UNIX...look-alike that runs on IBM-PC compatibles. The book con- Wegner72 tains a complete MINIX manual and a complete Wegnerflisting of its C codie. egner

Matching: Its Acquisition and Generalization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crowley, Michael A.; Donahoe, John W.

2004-01-01

Choice typically is studied by exposing organisms to concurrent variable-interval schedules in which not only responses controlled by stimuli on the key are acquired but also switching responses and likely other operants as well. In the present research, discriminated key-pecking responses in pigeons were first acquired using a multiple schedule…

19 CFR 127.41 - Government title to unclaimed and abandoned merchandise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY GENERAL ORDER, UNCLAIMED, AND ABANDONED MERCHANDISE Title to Unclaimed... part, at which time merchandise having thus remained in Customs custody is considered as unclaimed and abandoned, the port director, with the concurrence of the Assistant Commissioner, Office of Field Operations...

Operation Compatibility: A Neglected Contribution to Dual-Task Costs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pannebakker, Merel M.; Band, Guido P. H.; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard

2009-01-01

Traditionally, dual-task interference has been attributed to the consequences of task load exceeding capacity limitations. However, the current study demonstrates that in addition to task load, the mutual compatibility of the concurrent processes modulates whether 2 tasks can be performed in parallel. In 2 psychological refractory period…

Putting the Pieces Together

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomson, Alastair

2007-01-01

Recent policy reports by Lord Leitch and Sir Michael Lyons on educational skills and corresponding government spending raise the question of how a demand-led system for adult skills led by employers can operate concurrent with intertwined policies driven by different factors. There is also the need to integrate with regional policy and policies…

40 CFR 60.107 - Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... in the gases discharged to the atmosphere from any fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst regenerator... concurrent with a startup, shutdown, or malfunction of the fluid catalytic cracking unit or control system... cracking unit catalyst regenerator for which the owner or operator seeks to comply with § 60.104(b)(1) is...

40 CFR 60.107 - Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... in the gases discharged to the atmosphere from any fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst regenerator... concurrent with a startup, shutdown, or malfunction of the fluid catalytic cracking unit or control system... cracking unit catalyst regenerator for which the owner or operator seeks to comply with § 60.104(b)(1) is...

78 FR 42700 - Radio Broadcasting Services; Matagorda, Texas

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-17

... 291A at Matagorda, Texas, is located within 320 kilometers (199 miles) of the U.S.-Mexican border. Mexican concurrence has been requested for this vacant allotment, but has not yet been received. If a... the Mexican government, the authorization will include the following condition: ``Operation with the...

Implementing the concurrent operation of sub-arrays in the ALMA correlator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amestica, Rodrigo; Perez, Jesus; Lacasse, Richard; Saez, Alejandro

2016-07-01

The ALMA correlator processes the digitized signals from 64 individual antennas to produce a grand total of 2016 correlated base-lines, with runtime selectable lags resolution and integration time. The on-line software system can process a maximum of 125M visibilities per second, producing an archiving data rate close to one sixteenth of the former (7.8M visibilities per second with a network transfer limit of 60 MB/sec). Mechanisms in the correlator hardware design make it possible to split the total number of antennas in the array into smaller subsets, or sub-arrays, such that they can share correlator resources while executing independent observations. The software part of the sub-system is responsible for configuring and scheduling correlator resources in such a way that observations among independent subarrays occur simultaneously while internally sharing correlator resources under a cooperative arrangement. Configuration of correlator modes through its CAN-bus interface and periodic geometric delay updates are the most relevant activities to schedule concurrently while observations happen at the same time among a number of sub-arrays. For that to work correctly, the software interface to sub-arrays schedules shared correlator resources sequentially before observations actually start on each sub-array. Start times for specific observations are optimized and reported back to the higher level observing software. After that initial sequential phase has taken place then simultaneous executions and recording of correlated data across different sub-arrays move forward concurrently, sharing the local network to broadcast results to other software sub-systems. The present paper presents an overview of the different hardware and software actors within the correlator sub-system that implement some degree of concurrency and synchronization needed for seamless and simultaneous operation of multiple sub-arrays, limitations stemming from the resource-sharing nature of the correlator, limitations intrinsic to the digital technology available in the correlator hardware, and milestones so far reached by this new ALMA feature.

Development and Validation of a Novel Robotic Procedure Specific Simulation Platform: Partial Nephrectomy.

PubMed

Hung, Andrew J; Shah, Swar H; Dalag, Leonard; Shin, Daniel; Gill, Inderbir S

2015-08-01

We developed a novel procedure specific simulation platform for robotic partial nephrectomy. In this study we prospectively evaluate its face, content, construct and concurrent validity. This hybrid platform features augmented reality and virtual reality. Augmented reality involves 3-dimensional robotic partial nephrectomy surgical videos overlaid with virtual instruments to teach surgical anatomy, technical skills and operative steps. Advanced technical skills are assessed with an embedded full virtual reality renorrhaphy task. Participants were classified as novice (no surgical training, 15), intermediate (less than 100 robotic cases, 13) or expert (100 or more robotic cases, 14) and prospectively assessed. Cohort performance was compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test (construct validity). Post-study questionnaire was used to assess the realism of simulation (face validity) and usefulness for training (content validity). Concurrent validity evaluated correlation between virtual reality renorrhaphy task and a live porcine robotic partial nephrectomy performance (Spearman's analysis). Experts rated the augmented reality content as realistic (median 8/10) and helpful for resident/fellow training (8.0-8.2/10). Experts rated the platform highly for teaching anatomy (9/10) and operative steps (8.5/10) but moderately for technical skills (7.5/10). Experts and intermediates outperformed novices (construct validity) in efficiency (p=0.0002) and accuracy (p=0.002). For virtual reality renorrhaphy, experts outperformed intermediates on GEARS metrics (p=0.002). Virtual reality renorrhaphy and in vivo porcine robotic partial nephrectomy performance correlated significantly (r=0.8, p <0.0001) (concurrent validity). This augmented reality simulation platform displayed face, content and construct validity. Performance in the procedure specific virtual reality task correlated highly with a porcine model (concurrent validity). Future efforts will integrate procedure specific virtual reality tasks and their global assessment. Copyright © 2015 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

TRICCS: A proposed teleoperator/robot integrated command and control system for space applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Will, R. W.

1985-01-01

Robotic systems will play an increasingly important role in space operations. An integrated command and control system based on the requirements of space-related applications and incorporating features necessary for the evolution of advanced goal-directed robotic systems is described. These features include: interaction with a world model or domain knowledge base, sensor feedback, multiple-arm capability and concurrent operations. The system makes maximum use of manual interaction at all levels for debug, monitoring, and operational reliability. It is shown that the robotic command and control system may most advantageously be implemented as packages and tasks in Ada.

Masses of {sup 130}Te and {sup 130}Xe and Double-{beta}-Decay Q Value of {sup 130}Te

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Redshaw, Matthew; Mount, Brianna J.; Myers, Edmund G.

The atomic masses of {sup 130}Te and {sup 130}Xe have been obtained by measuring cyclotron frequency ratios of pairs of triply charged ions simultaneously trapped in a Penning trap. The results, with 1 standard deviation uncertainty, are M({sup 130}Te)=129.906 222 744(16) u and M({sup 130}Xe)=129.903 509 351(15) u. From the mass difference the double-{beta}-decay Q value of {sup 130}Te is determined to be Q{sub {beta}}{sub {beta}}({sup 130}Te)=2527.518(13) keV. This is a factor of 150 more precise than the result of the AME2003 [G. Audi et al., Nucl. Phys. A729, 337 (2003)].

Modeling laser velocimeter signals as triply stochastic Poisson processes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mayo, W. T., Jr.

1976-01-01

Previous models of laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) systems have not adequately described dual-scatter signals in a manner useful for analysis and simulation of low-level photon-limited signals. At low photon rates, an LDV signal at the output of a photomultiplier tube is a compound nonhomogeneous filtered Poisson process, whose intensity function is another (slower) Poisson process with the nonstationary rate and frequency parameters controlled by a random flow (slowest) process. In the present paper, generalized Poisson shot noise models are developed for low-level LDV signals. Theoretical results useful in detection error analysis and simulation are presented, along with measurements of burst amplitude statistics. Computer generated simulations illustrate the difference between Gaussian and Poisson models of low-level signals.

Prognostic implication of simultaneous anemia and lymphopenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

PubMed

Cho, Oyeon; Chun, Mison; Oh, Young-Taek; Noh, O Kyu; Chang, Suk-Joon; Ryu, Hee-Sug; Lee, Eun Ju

2017-10-01

Radioresistance often leads to poor survival in concurrent chemoradiotherapy-treated cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and reliable biomarkers can improve prognosis. We compared the prognostic potential of hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count, and absolute lymphocyte count with that of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in concurrent chemoradiotherapy-treated squamous cell carcinoma. We analyzed 152 patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy-treated cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, and squamous cell carcinoma antigen were quantitated and correlated with survival, using Cox regression, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and Kaplan-Meier plots. Both hemoglobin and absolute lymphocyte count in the second week of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (Hb2 and ALC2) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen in the third week of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (mid-squamous cell carcinoma antigen) correlated significantly with disease-specific survival and progression-free survival. The ratio of high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy dose to total dose (high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy ratio) correlated significantly with progression-free survival. Patients with both low Hb2 (≤11 g/dL) and ALC2 (≤639 cells/µL) showed a lower 5-year disease-specific survival rate than those with high Hb2 and/or ALC2, regardless of mid-squamous cell carcinoma antigen (mid-squamous cell carcinoma antigen: ≤4.7 ng/mL; 5-year disease-specific survival rate: 85.5% vs 94.6%, p = 0.0096, and mid-squamous cell carcinoma antigen: >4.7 ng/mL; 5-year disease-specific survival rate: 43.8% vs 66.7%, p = 0.192). When both Hb2 and ALC2 were low, the low high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy ratio (≤0.43) subgroup displayed significantly lower 5-year disease-specific survival rate compared to the subgroup high high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy ratio (>0.43) (62.5% vs 88.2%, p = 0.0067). Patients with both anemia and lymphopenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy showed poor survival, independent of mid-squamous cell carcinoma antigen, and escalating high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy ratio might improve survival.

CT colonography: investigation of the optimum reader paradigm by using computer-aided detection software.

PubMed

Taylor, Stuart A; Charman, Susan C; Lefere, Philippe; McFarland, Elizabeth G; Paulson, Erik K; Yee, Judy; Aslam, Rizwan; Barlow, John M; Gupta, Arun; Kim, David H; Miller, Chad M; Halligan, Steve

2008-02-01

To prospectively compare the diagnostic performance and time efficiency of both second and concurrent computer-aided detection (CAD) reading paradigms for retrospectively obtained computed tomographic (CT) colonography data sets by using consensus reading (three radiologists) of colonoscopic findings as a reference standard. Ethical permission, HIPAA compliance (for U.S. institutions), and patient consent were obtained from all institutions for use of CT colonography data sets in this study. Ten radiologists each read 25 CT colonography data sets (12 men, 13 women; mean age, 61 years) containing 69 polyps (28 were 1-5 mm, 41 were >or=6 mm) by using workstations integrated with CAD software. Reading was randomized to either "second read" CAD (applied only after initial unassisted assessment) or "concurrent read" CAD (applied at the start of assessment). Data sets were reread 6 weeks later by using the opposing paradigm. Polyp sensitivity and reading times were compared by using multilevel logistic and linear regression, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated. Compared with the unassisted read, odds of improved polyp (>or=6 mm) detection were 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0, 2.2) and 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9, 1.9) by using CAD as second and concurrent reader, respectively. Detection odds by using CAD concurrently were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.59, 1.3) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.57, 1.01) those of second read CAD, excluding and including polyps 1-5 mm, respectively. The concurrent read took 2.9 minutes (95% CI: -3.8, -1.9) less than did second read. The mean areas under the ROC curve (95% CI) for the unassisted read, second read CAD, and concurrent read CAD were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.87), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.90), and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.92), respectively. CAD is more time efficient when used concurrently than when used as a second reader, with similar sensitivity for polyps 6 mm or larger. However, use of second read CAD maximizes sensitivity, particularly for smaller lesions. (c) RSNA, 2007.

Assess program: Interactive data management systems for airborne research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Munoz, R. M.; Reller, J. O., Jr.

1974-01-01

Two data systems were developed for use in airborne research. Both have distributed intelligence and are programmed for interactive support among computers and with human operators. The C-141 system (ADAMS) performs flight planning and telescope control functions in addition to its primary role of data acquisition; the CV-990 system (ADDAS) performs data management functions in support of many research experiments operating concurrently. Each system is arranged for maximum reliability in the first priority function, precision data acquisition.

Estimating Noise Levels In An Enclosed Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Azzi, Elias

1995-01-01

GEGS Acoustic Analysis Program (GAAP) developed to compute composite profile of noise in Spacelab module on basis of data on noise produced by equipment, data on locations of equipment, and equipment-operating schedules. Impetus for development of GAAP provided by noise that generated in Spacelab Module during SLS-1 mission because of concurrent operation of many pieces of experimental and subsystem equipment. Although originally intended specifically to help compute noise in Spacelab, also applicable to any region with multiple sources of noise. Written in FORTRAN 77.

Adaptive parallel logic networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martinez, Tony R.; Vidal, Jacques J.

1988-01-01

Adaptive, self-organizing concurrent systems (ASOCS) that combine self-organization with massive parallelism for such applications as adaptive logic devices, robotics, process control, and system malfunction management, are presently discussed. In ASOCS, an adaptive network composed of many simple computing elements operating in combinational and asynchronous fashion is used and problems are specified by presenting if-then rules to the system in the form of Boolean conjunctions. During data processing, which is a different operational phase from adaptation, the network acts as a parallel hardware circuit.

A summary of the test procedures and operational details of an ocean dumping pollution monitoring experiment conducted 7 October 1976

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hypes, W. D.; Wallace, J. W.; Gurganus, E. A.

1977-01-01

A remote sensor experiment was conducted at a sewage sludge dump site off the Delaware/Maryland coast. Two aircraft serving as remote sensor platforms flew over the dump site during a sludge dump. One aircraft carried a multispectral scanner and the other aircraft carried a rapid scanning spectrometer. Data from sea-truth stations were collected concurrent with overpasses of the aircraft. All sensors were operational and produced good digital data.

Navy Acquisition: Development of the AN/BSY-1 Combat System

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

AN/BSY-1, a computer-based combat system, is designed to detect, classify, track, and launch weapons at enemy surface, subsurface, and land targets. The Navy expects the AN/BSY-1 system to locate targets sooner than previous systems, allow operators to perform multiple tasks and address multiple targets concurrently, and reduce the time between detecting a target and launching weapons. The Navy has contracted with the International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation for 23 AN/BSY-1 systems, maintenance and operational trainers, and a software

Queueing Network Models for Parallel Processing of Task Systems: an Operational Approach

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mak, Victor W. K.

1986-01-01

Computer performance modeling of possibly complex computations running on highly concurrent systems is considered. Earlier works in this area either dealt with a very simple program structure or resulted in methods with exponential complexity. An efficient procedure is developed to compute the performance measures for series-parallel-reducible task systems using queueing network models. The procedure is based on the concept of hierarchical decomposition and a new operational approach. Numerical results for three test cases are presented and compared to those of simulations.

Distributed Database Control and Allocation. Volume 1. Frameworks for Understanding Concurrency Control and Recovery Algorithms.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-10-01

an Aborti , It forwards the operation directly to the recovery system. When the recovery system acknowledges that the operation has been processed, the...list... AbortI . rite Ti Into the abort list. Then undo all of Ti’s writes by reedina their bet ore-images from the audit trail and writin. them back...Into the stable database. [Ack) Then, delete Ti from the active list. Restart. Process Aborti for each Ti on the active list. Ack) In this algorithm

A Tutorial on Parallel and Concurrent Programming in Haskell

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peyton Jones, Simon; Singh, Satnam

This practical tutorial introduces the features available in Haskell for writing parallel and concurrent programs. We first describe how to write semi-explicit parallel programs by using annotations to express opportunities for parallelism and to help control the granularity of parallelism for effective execution on modern operating systems and processors. We then describe the mechanisms provided by Haskell for writing explicitly parallel programs with a focus on the use of software transactional memory to help share information between threads. Finally, we show how nested data parallelism can be used to write deterministically parallel programs which allows programmers to use rich data types in data parallel programs which are automatically transformed into flat data parallel versions for efficient execution on multi-core processors.

Primary tracheoesophageal puncture and cricopharyngeal myotomy in stapler-assisted total laryngectomy.

PubMed

Beswick, D M; Damrose, E J

2016-07-01

To evaluate the utility of the hybrid tracheoesophageal puncture procedure in stapler-assisted laryngectomy. Patients who underwent total laryngectomy at a single institution from 2009 to 2015 were reviewed. The interventions assessed were surgical creation of a tracheoesophageal puncture and placement of a voice prosthesis. The outcomes measured included voicing ability and valve failure. Thirty-nine patients underwent total laryngectomy or pharyngolaryngectomy. Of these, nine underwent stapler-assisted laryngectomy; seven of the nine patients underwent concurrent stapler-assisted laryngectomy, cricopharyngeal myotomy and a hybrid tracheoesophageal puncture procedure. These seven patients were the focus of this review. Successful voicing and oral alimentation was achieved in all patients. Mean time to phonation was 30 days (range, 7-77 days) and mean time to first valve change was 90 days (range, 35-117 days). Primary tracheoesophageal puncture with concurrent voice prosthesis placement and cricopharyngeal myotomy is easily performed with stapler-assisted laryngectomy. The hybrid tracheoesophageal puncture procedure is a simple method that enables a single operator to achieve primary tracheoesophageal puncture and valve placement; in addition, it facilitates concurrent cricopharyngeal myotomy.

Effects of tactile cueing on concurrent performance of military and robotics tasks in a simulated multitasking environment.

PubMed

Chen, J Y C; Terrence, P I

2008-08-01

This study examined the concurrent performance of military gunnery, robotics control and communication tasks in a simulated environment. More specifically, the study investigated how aided target recognition (AiTR) capabilities (delivered either through tactile or tactile + visual cueing) for the gunnery task might benefit overall performance. Results showed that AiTR benefited not only the gunnery task, but also the concurrent robotics and communication tasks. The participants' spatial ability was found to be a good indicator of their gunnery and robotics task performance. However, when AiTR was available to assist their gunnery task, those participants of lower spatial ability were able to perform their robotics tasks as well as those of higher spatial ability. Finally, participants' workload assessment was significantly higher when they teleoperated (i.e. remotely operated) a robot and when their gunnery task was unassisted. These results will further understanding of multitasking performance in military tasking environments. These results will also facilitate the implementation of robots in military settings and will provide useful data to military system designs.

Solving a mathematical model integrating unequal-area facilities layout and part scheduling in a cellular manufacturing system by a genetic algorithm.

PubMed

Ebrahimi, Ahmad; Kia, Reza; Komijan, Alireza Rashidi

2016-01-01

In this article, a novel integrated mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is presented for designing a cellular manufacturing system (CMS) considering machine layout and part scheduling problems simultaneously as interrelated decisions. The integrated CMS model is formulated to incorporate several design features including part due date, material handling time, operation sequence, processing time, an intra-cell layout of unequal-area facilities, and part scheduling. The objective function is to minimize makespan, tardiness penalties, and material handling costs of inter-cell and intra-cell movements. Two numerical examples are solved by the Lingo software to illustrate the results obtained by the incorporated features. In order to assess the effects and importance of integration of machine layout and part scheduling in designing a CMS, two approaches, sequentially and concurrent are investigated and the improvement resulted from a concurrent approach is revealed. Also, due to the NP-hardness of the integrated model, an efficient genetic algorithm is designed. As a consequence, computational results of this study indicate that the best solutions found by GA are better than the solutions found by B&B in much less time for both sequential and concurrent approaches. Moreover, the comparisons between the objective function values (OFVs) obtained by sequential and concurrent approaches demonstrate that the OFV improvement is averagely around 17 % by GA and 14 % by B&B.

Mean esophageal radiation dose is predictive of the grade of acute esophagitis in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

PubMed

Ozgen, Aytul; Hayran, Mutlu; Kahraman, Fatih

2012-11-01

The intention of this research was to define the predictive factors for acute esophagitis (AE) in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. The data for 72 lung cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy between 2008 and 2010 were prospectively evaluated. Mean lung dose, mean dose of esophagus, volume of esophagus irradiated and percentage of esophagus volume treated were analysed according to esophagitis grades. The mean esophageal dose was associated with an increased risk of esophageal toxicity (Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.001). However, the mean lung dose and the volume of esophagus irradiated were not associated with an increased risk of esophageal toxicity (Kruskal-Wallis test, P = 0.50 and P = 0.41, respectively). The mean radiation dose received by the esophagus was found to be highly correlated with the duration of Grade 2 esophagitis (Spearman test, r = 0.82, P < 0.001). The mean dose of esophagus ≥28 Gy showed statistical significance with respect to AE Grade 2 or worse (receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, 95% CI, 0.929-1.014). In conclusion, the mean esophageal dose was significantly associated with a risk of esophageal toxicity in patients with lung cancer treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Mean esophageal radiation dose is predictive of the grade of acute esophagitis in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy

PubMed Central

Ozgen, Aytul; Hayran, Mutlu; Kahraman, Fatih

2012-01-01

The intention of this research was to define the predictive factors for acute esophagitis (AE) in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. The data for 72 lung cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy between 2008 and 2010 were prospectively evaluated. Mean lung dose, mean dose of esophagus, volume of esophagus irradiated and percentage of esophagus volume treated were analysed according to esophagitis grades. The mean esophageal dose was associated with an increased risk of esophageal toxicity (Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.001). However, the mean lung dose and the volume of esophagus irradiated were not associated with an increased risk of esophageal toxicity (Kruskal-Wallis test, P = 0.50 and P = 0.41, respectively). The mean radiation dose received by the esophagus was found to be highly correlated with the duration of Grade 2 esophagitis (Spearman test, r = 0.82, P < 0.001). The mean dose of esophagus ≥28 Gy showed statistical significance with respect to AE Grade 2 or worse (receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, 95% CI, 0.929–1.014). In conclusion, the mean esophageal dose was significantly associated with a risk of esophageal toxicity in patients with lung cancer treated with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. PMID:22915782

The genesis of neurosurgery and the evolution of the neurosurgical operative environment: part II--concepts for future development, 2003 and beyond.

PubMed

Liu, Charles Y; Spicer, Mark; Apuzzo, Michael L J

2003-01-01

The future development of the neurosurgical operative environment is driven principally by concurrent development in science and technology. In the new millennium, these developments are taking on a Jules Verne quality, with the ability to construct and manipulate the human organism and its surroundings at the level of atoms and molecules seemingly at hand. Thus, an examination of currents in technology advancement from the neurosurgical perspective can provide insight into the evolution of the neurosurgical operative environment. In the future, the optimal design solution for the operative environment requirements of specialized neurosurgery may take the form of composites of venues that are currently mutually distinct. Advances in microfabrication technology and laser optical manipulators are expanding the scope and role of robotics, with novel opportunities for bionic integration. Assimilation of biosensor technology into the operative environment promises to provide neurosurgeons of the future with a vastly expanded set of physiological data, which will require concurrent simplification and optimization of analysis and presentation schemes to facilitate practical usefulness. Nanotechnology derivatives are shattering the maximum limits of resolution and magnification allowed by conventional microscopes. Furthermore, quantum computing and molecular electronics promise to greatly enhance computational power, allowing the emerging reality of simulation and virtual neurosurgery for rehearsal and training purposes. Progressive minimalism is evident throughout, leading ultimately to a paradigm shift as the nanoscale is approached. At the interface between the old and new technological paradigms, issues related to integration may dictate the ultimate emergence of the products of the new paradigm. Once initiated, however, history suggests that the process of change will proceed rapidly and dramatically, with the ultimate neurosurgical operative environment of the future being far more complex in functional capacity but strikingly simple in apparent form.

30 CFR 1206.354 - How do I determine generating deductions?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... the power plant was placed into service or at a time concurrent with the beginning of your annual... power plant costs during the reporting period, including: (i) Operating and maintenance expenses under... purchase of real estate for a power plant site if: (A) The purchase is necessary; and, (B) The surface is...

30 CFR 1206.354 - How do I determine generating deductions?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... the power plant was placed into service or at a time concurrent with the beginning of your annual... power plant costs during the reporting period, including: (i) Operating and maintenance expenses under... purchase of real estate for a power plant site if: (A) The purchase is necessary; and, (B) The surface is...

43 CFR 3809.420 - What performance standards apply to my notice or plan of operations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... by BLM to protect public lands. (5) Concurrent reclamation. You must initiate and complete... migration controls do not prove effective. You are responsible for any costs associated with water treatment... containment system that will minimize the release of leaching solutions to the environment. You must monitor...

43 CFR 3809.420 - What performance standards apply to my notice or plan of operations?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... by BLM to protect public lands. (5) Concurrent reclamation. You must initiate and complete... migration controls do not prove effective. You are responsible for any costs associated with water treatment... containment system that will minimize the release of leaching solutions to the environment. You must monitor...

Discriminated Timeout Avoidance in Pigeons: The Roles of Added Stimuli

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeFulio, Anthony; Hackenberg, Timothy D.

2007-01-01

Two experiments examined pigeons' postponement of a signaled extinction period, or timeout (TO), from an ongoing schedule of response-dependent food delivery. A concurrent-operant procedure was used in which responses on one (food) key produced food according to a variable-interval schedule and responses on a second (postponement) key delayed the…

Adjusting Language Level in Teacher-Talk in ELT Microteachings with Specific Reference to Distance Education Teacher

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sarigoz, Iskender Hakki

2013-01-01

Foreign language teacher education requires microteaching practices carried out by teacher trainees for learning and assessment purposes. During microteachings, teacher trainees operate many teaching skills concurrently. Interlanguage compatible teacher-talk in the target language is essential for the production of student talk at elementary and…

Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development's response to state concurrent resolution no. 126 : technical assistance report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-12-01

The objectives of this study were to: 1) estimate the situation in year 2005 with the current TIMED program in operation, 2) estimate how long current TIMED funding must be extended to fully fund the projects listed in the TIMED program, and 3) estim...

40 CFR 63.4581 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... adhesives under this subpart. Assembled on-road vehicle coating means any coating operation in which coating... intended for on-road use including, but not limited to, components or surfaces on automobiles and light...). Assembled on-road vehicle coating includes the concurrent coating of parts of the assembled on-road vehicle...

40 CFR 63.4581 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... adhesives under this subpart. Assembled on-road vehicle coating means any coating operation in which coating... intended for on-road use including, but not limited to, components or surfaces on automobiles and light...). Assembled on-road vehicle coating includes the concurrent coating of parts of the assembled on-road vehicle...

40 CFR 63.4581 - What definitions apply to this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... adhesives under this subpart. Assembled on-road vehicle coating means any coating operation in which coating... intended for on-road use including, but not limited to, components or surfaces on automobiles and light...). Assembled on-road vehicle coating includes the concurrent coating of parts of the assembled on-road vehicle...

Robots in space into the 21st century

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weisbin, C. R.; Lavery, D.; Rodriguez, G.

1997-01-01

Describes the technological developments which are establishing the foundation for an exciting era of in situ exploration missions to planets, comets and asteroids with advanced robotic systems. Also outlines important concurrent terrestrial applications and spinoffs of the space robotics technology. These include high-precision robotic manipulators for microsurgical operations and dexterous arm control systems.

16 CFR 1211.5 - General testing parameters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... § 1211.4(c) for compliance with the Standard for Safety for Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing... vibration level of 5g is to be used for the Vibration Test. (6) When a Computational Investigation is... tested. (8) The Endurance test is to be conducted concurrently with the Operational test. The control...

16 CFR § 1211.5 - General testing parameters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... covered by § 1211.4(c) for compliance with the Standard for Safety for Tests for Safety-Related Controls... vibration level of 5g is to be used for the Vibration Test. (6) When a Computational Investigation is... tested. (8) The Endurance test is to be conducted concurrently with the Operational test. The control...

16 CFR 1211.5 - General testing parameters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... § 1211.4(c) for compliance with the Standard for Safety for Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing... vibration level of 5g is to be used for the Vibration Test. (6) When a Computational Investigation is... tested. (8) The Endurance test is to be conducted concurrently with the Operational test. The control...

16 CFR 1211.5 - General testing parameters.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... § 1211.4(c) for compliance with the Standard for Safety for Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing... vibration level of 5g is to be used for the Vibration Test. (6) When a Computational Investigation is... tested. (8) The Endurance test is to be conducted concurrently with the Operational test. The control...

Embedded Multiprocessor Technology for VHSIC Insertion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hayes, Paul J.

1990-01-01

Viewgraphs on embedded multiprocessor technology for VHSIC insertion are presented. The objective was to develop multiprocessor system technology providing user-selectable fault tolerance, increased throughput, and ease of application representation for concurrent operation. The approach was to develop graph management mapping theory for proper performance, model multiprocessor performance, and demonstrate performance in selected hardware systems.

Plurilingual Proficiency as a Learning Objective for a Multilingual Curriculum in the Study of Business in Finland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schlabach, Joachim

2016-01-01

Plurilingual skills are among the key skills required in international business communication. Employees working in international business operations use multiple languages concurrently, switch between them, and mediate between different languages and cultures. Up until now however, the language teaching accompanying business studies at…

Applied behavior analysis: New directions from the laboratory

PubMed Central

Epling, W. Frank; Pierce, W. David

1983-01-01

Applied behavior analysis began when laboratory based principles were extended to humans inorder to change socially significant behavior. Recent laboratory findings may have applied relevance; however, the majority of basic researchers have not clearly communicated the practical implications of their work. The present paper samples some of the new findings and attempts to demonstrate their applied importance. Schedule-induced behavior which occurs as a by-product of contingencies of reinforcement is discussed. Possible difficulties in treatment and management of induced behaviors are considered. Next, the correlation-based law of effect and the implications of relative reinforcement are explored in terms of applied examples. Relative rate of reinforcement is then extended to the literature dealing with concurrent operants. Concurrent operant models may describe human behavior of applied importance, and several techniques for modification of problem behavior are suggested. As a final concern, the paper discusses several new paradigms. While the practical importance of these models is not clear at the moment, it may be that new practical advantages will soon arise. Thus, it is argued that basic research continues to be of theoretical and practical importance to applied behavior analysis. PMID:22478574

Simultaneous application of two independent EIT devices for real-time multi-plane imaging.

PubMed

Schullcke, B; Krueger-Ziolek, S; Gong, B; Mueller-Lisse, U; Moeller, K

2016-09-01

Diagnosis and treatment of many lung diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could benefit from 3D ventilation information. Applying two EIT systems concurrently is a simple approach without specialized hardware that allows monitoring of regional changes of ventilation distribution inside the thorax at different planes with the high temporal resolution much valued in common single plane EIT. Effects of two simultaneously operated EIT devices on one subject were investigated to monitor rapid processes inside the thorax with a multi-plane approach. Results obtained by simulations with a virtual phantom and measurements with a phantom tank reveal that the distance of electrode planes has an important influence on the signal quality. Band-pass filters adapted according to the distance of the planes, can be used to reduce the crosstalk of the concurrent EIT systems. Besides simulations and phantom tank experiments measurements were also taken from a lung healthy volunteer to demonstrate the operation under realistic conditions. Reconstructed images indicate that it is possible to simultaneously visualize regional ventilation at different planes if settings of the EIT devices are chosen appropriately.

Evaluation of Biomechanical Changes in Myopia Patients with Unsatisfactory Corneas After Femto Second-Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) Concurrent with Accelerated Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Using Corvis-ST: Two-Year Follow-Up Results.

PubMed

Xu, Weiwei; Tao, Ye; Wang, Liqiang; Huang, Yifei

2017-07-27

BACKGROUND Some myopia patients with unsatisfactory corneas consider corneal refractive surgery for different reasons. Accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking (ACXL) is an effective method to enhance the resistance of the cornea. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the changes of biomechanical properties in patients with myopia and thin corneas after femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) concurrent with ACXL. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study was designed. A total of 22 eyes of 11 myopia astigmatism patients with unsatisfactory corneas were enrolled. The patients were assigned to femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis concurrent with accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking (FS-LASIK-ACXL). The follow-up duration was 24 months. Manifest refraction, uncorrected (UDVA), and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), ultra-high-speed camera (Corvis-ST), corneal topography, anterior segment OCT (AS-OCT), Pentacam, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were examined before and after the operation. The corneal biomechanical and refractive data was analyzed using SAS9.3. Data were analyzed through normal distribution test and variance of analysis. The difference was considered as statistically significant when p<0.05. RESULTS The steep K (Ks) values, flat K (Kf) values, average keratometry values (Avek) values, and central corneal thickness (CCT) declined significantly after FS-LASIK-ACXL operation. The values of first applanation length (A1L), the second applanation length (A2L), the first applanation velocity (A1V), the second applanation velocity (A2V), deformation amplitude (DA), highest concavity peak distance (PD), and radius of curvature at the time of highest concavity (HCR) did not show significant difference after the operation. CONCLUSIONS FS-LASIK-ACXL is an effective and safe surgery for improving visual acuity for myopic patients with thin corneas, and it does not increase the risk of iatrogenic keratectasia.

NSTX-U Advances in Real-Time C++11 on Linux

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Erickson, Keith G.

Programming languages like C and Ada combined with proprietary embedded operating systems have dominated the real-time application space for decades. The new C++11standard includes native, language-level support for concurrency, a required feature for any nontrivial event-oriented real-time software. Threads, Locks, and Atomics now exist to provide the necessary tools to build the structures that make up the foundation of a complex real-time system. The National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is breaking new ground with the language as applied to the needs of fusion devices. A new Digital Coil Protection System (DCPS) willmore » serve as the main protection mechanism for the magnetic coils, and it is written entirely in C++11 running on Concurrent Computer Corporation's real-time operating system, RedHawk Linux. It runs over 600 algorithms in a 5 kHz control loop that determine whether or not to shut down operations before physical damage occurs. To accomplish this, NSTX-U engineers developed software tools that do not currently exist elsewhere, including real-time atomic synchronization, real-time containers, and a real-time logging framework. Together with a recent (and carefully configured) version of the GCC compiler, these tools enable data acquisition, processing, and output using a conventional operating system to meet a hard real-time deadline (that is, missing one periodic is a failure) of 200 microseconds.« less

NSTX-U Advances in Real-Time C++11 on Linux

DOE PAGES

Erickson, Keith G.

2015-08-14

Programming languages like C and Ada combined with proprietary embedded operating systems have dominated the real-time application space for decades. The new C++11standard includes native, language-level support for concurrency, a required feature for any nontrivial event-oriented real-time software. Threads, Locks, and Atomics now exist to provide the necessary tools to build the structures that make up the foundation of a complex real-time system. The National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is breaking new ground with the language as applied to the needs of fusion devices. A new Digital Coil Protection System (DCPS) willmore » serve as the main protection mechanism for the magnetic coils, and it is written entirely in C++11 running on Concurrent Computer Corporation's real-time operating system, RedHawk Linux. It runs over 600 algorithms in a 5 kHz control loop that determine whether or not to shut down operations before physical damage occurs. To accomplish this, NSTX-U engineers developed software tools that do not currently exist elsewhere, including real-time atomic synchronization, real-time containers, and a real-time logging framework. Together with a recent (and carefully configured) version of the GCC compiler, these tools enable data acquisition, processing, and output using a conventional operating system to meet a hard real-time deadline (that is, missing one periodic is a failure) of 200 microseconds.« less

From non-preemptive to preemptive scheduling using synchronization synthesis.

PubMed

Černý, Pavol; Clarke, Edmund M; Henzinger, Thomas A; Radhakrishna, Arjun; Ryzhyk, Leonid; Samanta, Roopsha; Tarrach, Thorsten

2017-01-01

We present a computer-aided programming approach to concurrency. The approach allows programmers to program assuming a friendly, non-preemptive scheduler, and our synthesis procedure inserts synchronization to ensure that the final program works even with a preemptive scheduler. The correctness specification is implicit, inferred from the non-preemptive behavior. Let us consider sequences of calls that the program makes to an external interface. The specification requires that any such sequence produced under a preemptive scheduler should be included in the set of sequences produced under a non-preemptive scheduler. We guarantee that our synthesis does not introduce deadlocks and that the synchronization inserted is optimal w.r.t. a given objective function. The solution is based on a finitary abstraction, an algorithm for bounded language inclusion modulo an independence relation, and generation of a set of global constraints over synchronization placements. Each model of the global constraints set corresponds to a correctness-ensuring synchronization placement. The placement that is optimal w.r.t. the given objective function is chosen as the synchronization solution. We apply the approach to device-driver programming, where the driver threads call the software interface of the device and the API provided by the operating system. Our experiments demonstrate that our synthesis method is precise and efficient. The implicit specification helped us find one concurrency bug previously missed when model-checking using an explicit, user-provided specification. We implemented objective functions for coarse-grained and fine-grained locking and observed that different synchronization placements are produced for our experiments, favoring a minimal number of synchronization operations or maximum concurrency, respectively.

The Raid distributed database system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bhargava, Bharat; Riedl, John

1989-01-01

Raid, a robust and adaptable distributed database system for transaction processing (TP), is described. Raid is a message-passing system, with server processes on each site to manage concurrent processing, consistent replicated copies during site failures, and atomic distributed commitment. A high-level layered communications package provides a clean location-independent interface between servers. The latest design of the package delivers messages via shared memory in a configuration with several servers linked into a single process. Raid provides the infrastructure to investigate various methods for supporting reliable distributed TP. Measurements on TP and server CPU time are presented, along with data from experiments on communications software, consistent replicated copy control during site failures, and concurrent distributed checkpointing. A software tool for evaluating the implementation of TP algorithms in an operating-system kernel is proposed.

Application of Shuttle EVA Systems to Payloads. Volume 2: Payload EVA Task Completion Plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Candidate payload tasks for EVA application were identified and selected, based on an analysis of four representative space shuttle payloads, and typical EVA scenarios with supporting crew timelines and procedures were developed. The EVA preparations and post EVA operations, as well as the timelines emphasizing concurrent payload support functions, were also summarized.

Short-Term Reciprocity in Late Parent-Child Relationships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leopold, Thomas; Raab, Marcel

2011-01-01

Long-term concepts of parent-child reciprocity assume that the amount of support given and received is only balanced in a generalized fashion over the life course. We argue that reciprocity in parent-child relationships also operates in the short term. Our analysis of short-term reciprocity focuses on concurrent exchange in its main upward and…

Increasing Social Behaviors in Young Children with Social-Communication Delays in a Group Arrangement in Preschool

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lane, Justin D.; Gast, David L.; Ledford, Jennifer R.; Shepley, Collin

2017-01-01

Young children with disabilities are less likely to display age-appropriate social behaviors than same-age peers with typical social development, especially children who display social-communication delays. In this study, two concurrently operating single case designs were used to evaluate the use of progressive time delay (PTD) to teach children…

Culture and Character Education in a Jewish Day School: A Case Study of Life and Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roso, Calvin G.

2013-01-01

This article addresses how to teach character comprehensively by studying ways a school's concurrent curricula (the official curriculum, the operational curriculum, the extra curriculum, and the hidden curriculum) can be used to teach character to students. A single case study analyzes the curriculum at a Jewish day school by examining school…

Brand EVN

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tuccari, Gino; Alef, Walter

2016-12-01

A multi-band concurrent observation capability for the frequency bands commonly used in the EVN could greatly improve the VLBI scientific opportunities, even enabling an important simplification of the radio telescope operations. The project for a 1.5-15.5 GHz fully digital receiver is presented with possible solutions for a smooth introduction in the EVN radio telescopes, which differ widely from each other.

The Role of Context in the Evaluation of Reinforcer Efficacy: Implications for the Preference Assessment Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mangum, Aphrodite; Fredrick, Laura; Pabico, Robert; Roane, Henry

2012-01-01

Highly preferred stimuli were identified via two preference assessments (based on Fisher et al., 1992), the second of which included stimuli that were ranked low in the initial preference assessment. Following the preference assessments, a subset of stimuli was evaluated as reinforcers in single- and concurrent-operant arrangements. In general,…

Human-Computer Interaction: A Journal of Theoretical, Empirical and Methodological Issues of User Science and of System Design. Volume 7, Number 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

Norman .................................... University of California, San Diego, CA Dan R . Olsen, Jr ........................................ Brigham...Peter G. Poison .............................................. University of Colorado, Boulder, CO James R . Rhyne ................. IBM T J Watson...and artificial intelligence, among which are: * reasoning about concurrent systems, including program verification ( Barringer , 1985), operating

Inducing Order from Disordered Copolymers: On Demand Generation of Triblock Morphologies Including Networks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tureau, Maëva S.; Kuan, Wei-Fan; Rong, Lixia

Disordered block copolymers are generally impractical in nanopatterning applications due to their inability to self-assemble into well-defined nanostructures. However, inducing order in low molecular weight disordered systems permits the design of periodic structures with smaller characteristic sizes. Here, we have induced nanoscale phase separation from disordered triblock copolymer melts to form well-ordered lamellae, hexagonally packed cylinders, and a triply periodic gyroid network structure, using a copolymer/homopolymer blending approach, which incorporates constituent homopolymers into selective block domains. This versatile blending approach allows one to precisely target multiple nanostructures from a single disordered material and can be applied to a wide varietymore » of triblock copolymer systems for nanotemplating and nanoscale separation applications requiring nanoscale feature sizes and/or high areal feature densities.« less

Triply differential (e,2e) studies of phenol.

PubMed

da Silva, G B; Neves, R F C; Chiari, L; Jones, D B; Ali, E; Madison, D H; Ning, C G; Nixon, K L; Lopes, M C A; Brunger, M J

2014-09-28

We have measured (e,2e) triple differential cross sections (TDCS) for the electron-impact ionisation of phenol with coplanar asymmetrical kinematics for an incident electron energy of 250 eV. Experimental measurements of the angular distribution of the slow outgoing electrons at 20 eV are obtained when the incident electron scatters through angles of -5°, -10°, and -15°, respectively. The TDCS data are compared with calculations performed within the molecular 3-body distorted wave model. In this case, a mixed level of agreement, that was dependent on the kinematical condition being probed, was observed between the theoretical and experimental results in the binary peak region. The experimental intensity of the recoil features under all kinematical conditions was relatively small, but was still largely underestimated by the theoretical calculations.

Space filling minimal surfaces and sphere packings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elser, Veit

1994-05-01

A space filling minimal surface is defined to be any embedded minimal surface without boundary with the property that the area and genus enclosed by any large spherical region scales in proportion to the volume of the region. The triply periodic minimal surfaces are one realization, but not necessarily the only one. By using the genus per unit volume of the surface, a meaningful comparison of surface areas can be made even in cases where there is no unit cell. Of the known periodic minimal surfaces this measure of the surface area is smallest for Schoen's FRD surface. This surface is one of several that is closely related to packings of spheres. Its low area is largely due to the fact that the corresponding sphere packing (fcc) has the maximal kissing number.

Nested variant of the method of moments of coupled cluster equations for vertical excitation energies and excited-state potential energy surfaces.

PubMed

Kowalski, Karol

2009-05-21

In this article we discuss the problem of proper balancing of the noniterative corrections to the ground- and excited-state energies obtained with approximate coupled cluster (CC) and equation-of-motion CC (EOMCC) approaches. It is demonstrated that for a class of excited states dominated by single excitations and for states with medium doubly excited component, the newly introduced nested variant of the method of moments of CC equations provides mathematically rigorous way of balancing the ground- and excited-state correlation effects. The resulting noniterative methodology accounting for the effect of triples is tested using its parallel implementation on the systems, for which iterative CC/EOMCC calculations with full inclusion of triply excited configurations or their most important subset are numerically feasible.

Theoretical investigation of the structural, electronic, dynamical and thermal properties of YSn3 and YPb3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kılıçarslan, Aynur; Salmankurt, Bahadır; Duman, Sıtkı

2017-02-01

We have performed an ab initio study of the structural, electronic, dynamical and thermal properties of the cubic AuCu3-type YSn3 and YPb3 by using the density functional theory, plane-wave pseudopotential method and a linear response scheme, within the generalized gradient approximation. An analysis of the electronic density of states at the Fermi level is found to be governed by the p states of Sn and Pb atoms with some contributions from the d states of Y atoms. The obtained phonon figures indicate that these material are dynamically stable in the cubic structure. Due to the metallic behavior of the compounds, the calculated zone-center phonon modes are triply degenerate. Also the thermal properties have been examined.

Anderson transition in a multiply-twisted helix.

PubMed

Ugajin, R

2001-06-01

We investigated the Anderson transition in a multiply-twisted helix in which a helical chain of components, i.e., atoms or nanoclusters, is twisted to produce a doubly-twisted helix, which itself can be twisted to produce a triply-twisted helix, and so on, in which there are couplings between adjacent rounds of helices. As the strength of the on-site random potentials increases, an Anderson transition occurs, suggesting that the number of dimensions is 3 for electrons running along the multiply-twisted helix when the couplings between adjacent rounds are strong enough. If the couplings are weakened, the dimensionality becomes less, resulting in localization of electrons. The effect of random connections between adjacent rounds of helices and random magnetic fields that thread the structure is analyzed using the spectral statistics of a quantum particle.

Experimental Observation of Three-Component New Fermions in Topological Semimetal MoP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lv, B. Q.; Feng, Z.-L.; Xu, Q.-N.; Ma, J.-Z.; Kong, L.-Y.; Richard, Pierre; Huang, Y.-B.; Strocov, V. N.; Fang, C.; Weng, H.-M.; Shi, Y.-G.; Qian, Tian; Ding, Hong; Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland Team; Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Team; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Team; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China Collaboration; Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Team

Condensed matter systems can host quasiparticle excitations that are analogues to elementary particles such as Majorana, Weyl, and Dirac fermions. Recent advances in band theory have expanded the classification of fermions in crystals, and revealed crystal symmetry-protected electron excitations that have no high-energy counterparts. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we demonstrate the existence of a triply degenerate point in the electronic structure of MoP crystal, where the quasiparticle excitations are beyond the Majorana-Weyl-Dirac classification. Furthermore, we observe pairs of Weyl points in the bulk electronic structure coexisting with the new fermions, thus introducing a platform for studying the interplay between different types of fermions. We thank Binbin Fu, Nan Xu, and Xin Gao for the assistance in the ARPES experiments.

Excitons in Potassium Bromide: A Study using Embedded Time-dependent Density Functional Theory and Equation-of-Motion Coupled Cluster Methods

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Govind, Niranjan; Sushko, Petr V.; Hess, Wayne P.

2009-03-05

We present a study of the electronic excitations in insulating materials using an embedded- cluster method. The excited states of the embedded cluster are studied systematically using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and high-level equation-of-motion coupled cluster (EOMCC) methods. In particular, we have used EOMCC models with singles and doubles (EOMCCSD) and two approaches which account for the e®ect of triply excited con¯gurations in non-iterative and iterative fashions. We present calculations of the lowest surface excitations of the well-studied potassium bromide (KBr) system and compare our results with experiment. The bulk-surface exciton shift is also calculated at the TDDFT levelmore » and compared with experiment.« less

Triply differential (e,2e) studies of phenol

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

da Silva, G. B.; Neves, R. F. C.; Chiari, L.; Jones, D. B.; Ali, E.; Madison, D. H.; Ning, C. G.; Nixon, K. L.; Lopes, M. C. A.; Brunger, M. J.

2014-09-01

We have measured (e,2e) triple differential cross sections (TDCS) for the electron-impact ionisation of phenol with coplanar asymmetrical kinematics for an incident electron energy of 250 eV. Experimental measurements of the angular distribution of the slow outgoing electrons at 20 eV are obtained when the incident electron scatters through angles of -5°, -10°, and -15°, respectively. The TDCS data are compared with calculations performed within the molecular 3-body distorted wave model. In this case, a mixed level of agreement, that was dependent on the kinematical condition being probed, was observed between the theoretical and experimental results in the binary peak region. The experimental intensity of the recoil features under all kinematical conditions was relatively small, but was still largely underestimated by the theoretical calculations.

Double photoionization of atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wiedenhoeft, Marco

2003-10-01

Double photoionization studies of atoms and molecules are new state-of-the-art studies providing a deeper knowledge of multi-electron excitations. This type of work advances the understanding of many-body problems. Double photoionization of atoms is of great interest to learn about electron-electron correlation and relaxation effects in atoms and molecules. In order to study double photoionization processes, a new electron-electron coincidence apparatus was built to carry out the measurements. I will present the apparatus I built as well as the results of the measurement of the triply-differential-cross-section (TDCS) for the predicted interference and Post-Collision-Interaction (PCI) effects in the Xenon N5O2,3 O2,3 Auger decay after 4d5/2 photoionization. Furthermore I present measurements for direct double photoionization of Helium at various photon energies.

Three-body dissociation of OCS3+: Separating sequential and concerted pathways

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Herendra; Bhatt, Pragya; Safvan, C. P.; Rajput, Jyoti

2018-02-01

Events from the sequential and concerted modes of the fragmentation of OCS3+ that result in coincident detection of fragments C+, O+, and S+ have been separated using a newly proposed representation. An ion beam of 1.8 MeV Xe9+ is used to make the triply charged molecular ion, with the fragments being detected by a recoil ion momentum spectrometer. By separating events belonging exclusively to the sequential mode of breakup, the electronic states of the intermediate molecular ion (CO2+ or CS2+) involved are determined, and from the kinetic energy release spectra, it is shown that the low lying excited states of the parent OCS3+ are responsible for this mechanism. An estimate of branching ratios of events coming from sequential versus concerted mode is presented.

Full Polarization Conical Dispersion and Zero-Refractive-Index in Two-Dimensional Photonic Hypercrystals

PubMed Central

Wang, Jia-Rong; Chen, Xiao-Dong; Zhao, Fu-Li; Dong, Jian-Wen

2016-01-01

Photonic conical dispersion has been found in either transverse magnetic or transverse electric polarization, and the predominant zero-refractive-index behavior in a two-dimensional photonic crystal is polarization-dependent. Here, we show that two-dimensional photonic hypercrystals can be designed that exhibit polarization independent conical dispersion at the Brillouin zone center, as two sets of triply-degenerate point for each polarization are accidentally at the same Dirac frequency. Such photonic hypercrystals consist of periodic dielectric cylinders embedded in elliptic metamaterials, and can be viewed as full-polarized near zero-refractive-index materials around Dirac frequency by using average eigen-field evaluation. Numerical simulations including directional emissions and invisibility cloak are employed to further demonstrate the double-zero-index characteristics for both polarizations in the photonic hypercrystals. PMID:26956377

The inviscid stability of supersonic flow past a sharp cone

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Duck, Peter W.; Shaw, Stephen J.

1990-01-01

The effects of lateral curvature on the development of supersonic laminar inviscid boundary-layer flow on a sharp cone with adiabatic wall conditions are investigated analytically, with a focus on the linear temporal inviscid stability properties. The derivation of the governing equations and of a 'triply generalized' inflexion condition is outlined, and numerical results for freestream Mach number 3.8 are presented in extensive graphs and characterized in detail. A third instability mode related to the viscous mode observed by Duck and Hall (1990) using triple-deck theory is detected and shown to be more unstable and to have larger growth rates than the second mode in some cases. It is found that the 'sonic' neutral mode is affected by the lateral curvature and becomes a supersonic neutral mode.

Interpenetrating and non-interpenetrating 3-dimensional coordination polymer frameworks from multiple building blocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bradshaw, Darren; Rosseinsky, Matthew J.

2005-12-01

Reaction of Co(NO3)2ṡ6H2O with the multidentate ligands benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (btc) and the flexible bipyridyl ligand 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpe) affords the 3-dimensional coordination polymers [Co3(btc)2(bpe)3(eg)2]ṡ(guests) 1, where eg = ethylene glycol, and [Co2(Hbtc)2(bpe)2]ṡ(bpe) 2. Both phases are comprised of infinite metal-carboxylate dimer chains, linked into 2-dimensional sheets by the bpe ligands. These sheets are further linked to adjacent sheets through covalent interactions, 1, or through hydrogen-bonding interactions, 2, to yield the 3-dimensional structures. Phase 1 exhibits solvent filled 1-dimensional pores, whereas 2 is triply-interpenetrated to form a dense solid array.

Incentive-Based Voltage Regulation in Distribution Networks: Preprint

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Xinyang; Chen, Lijun; Dall'Anese, Emiliano

This paper considers distribution networks fea- turing distributed energy resources, and designs incentive-based mechanisms that allow the network operator and end-customers to pursue given operational and economic objectives, while concurrently ensuring that voltages are within prescribed limits. Two different network-customer coordination mechanisms that require different amounts of information shared between the network operator and end-customers are developed to identify a solution of a well-defined social-welfare maximization prob- lem. Notably, the signals broadcast by the network operator assume the connotation of prices/incentives that induce the end- customers to adjust the generated/consumed powers in order to avoid the violation of the voltagemore » constraints. Stability of the proposed schemes is analytically established and numerically corroborated.« less

Incentive-Based Voltage Regulation in Distribution Networks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dall-Anese, Emiliano; Baker, Kyri A; Zhou, Xinyang

This paper considers distribution networks fea- turing distributed energy resources, and designs incentive-based mechanisms that allow the network operator and end-customers to pursue given operational and economic objectives, while concurrently ensuring that voltages are within prescribed limits. Two different network-customer coordination mechanisms that require different amounts of information shared between the network operator and end-customers are developed to identify a solution of a well-defined social-welfare maximization prob- lem. Notably, the signals broadcast by the network operator assume the connotation of prices/incentives that induce the end- customers to adjust the generated/consumed powers in order to avoid the violation of the voltagemore » constraints. Stability of the proposed schemes is analytically established and numerically corroborated.« less

A Petri net controller for distributed hierarchical systems. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Peck, Joseph E.

1991-01-01

The solutions to a wide variety of problems are often best organized as a distributed hierarchical system. These systems can be graphically and mathematically modeled through the use of Petri nets, which can easily represent synchronous, asynchronous, and concurrent operations. This thesis presents a controller implementation based on Petri nets and a design methodology for the interconnection of distributed Petri nets. Two case studies are presented in which the controller operates a physical system, the Center for Intelligent Robotic Systems for Space Exploration Dual Arm Robotic Testbed.

Contact drying: a review of experimental and mechanistic modeling approaches.

PubMed

Sahni, Ekneet Kaur; Chaudhuri, Bodhisattwa

2012-09-15

Drying is one of the most complex unit operations with simultaneous heat and mass transfer. The contact drying process is also not well understood as several physical phenomena occur concurrently. This paper reviews current experimental and modeling approaches employed towards a better understanding of the contact drying operation. Additionally, an overview of some fundamental aspects relating to contact drying is provided. A brief discussion of some model extensions such as incorporation of noncontact forces, interstitial fluids and attrition rate is also presented. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An Adaptive Flow Solver for Air-Borne Vehicles Undergoing Time-Dependent Motions/Deformations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Singh, Jatinder; Taylor, Stephen

1997-01-01

This report describes a concurrent Euler flow solver for flows around complex 3-D bodies. The solver is based on a cell-centered finite volume methodology on 3-D unstructured tetrahedral grids. In this algorithm, spatial discretization for the inviscid convective term is accomplished using an upwind scheme. A localized reconstruction is done for flow variables which is second order accurate. Evolution in time is accomplished using an explicit three-stage Runge-Kutta method which has second order temporal accuracy. This is adapted for concurrent execution using another proven methodology based on concurrent graph abstraction. This solver operates on heterogeneous network architectures. These architectures may include a broad variety of UNIX workstations and PCs running Windows NT, symmetric multiprocessors and distributed-memory multi-computers. The unstructured grid is generated using commercial grid generation tools. The grid is automatically partitioned using a concurrent algorithm based on heat diffusion. This results in memory requirements that are inversely proportional to the number of processors. The solver uses automatic granularity control and resource management techniques both to balance load and communication requirements, and deal with differing memory constraints. These ideas are again based on heat diffusion. Results are subsequently combined for visualization and analysis using commercial CFD tools. Flow simulation results are demonstrated for a constant section wing at subsonic, transonic, and a supersonic case. These results are compared with experimental data and numerical results of other researchers. Performance results are under way for a variety of network topologies.

Laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) cholecystectomy.

PubMed

Hodgett, Steven E; Hernandez, Jonathan M; Morton, Connor A; Ross, Sharona B; Albrink, Michael; Rosemurgy, Alexander S

2009-02-01

The journey from conventional "open" operations to truly "minimally invasive" operations naturally includes progression from operations involving multiple trocars and multiple incisions to operations involving access through the umbilicus alone. Laparoscopic operations through the umbilicus alone, laparoendoscopic single site surgery (LESS), offer improved cosmesis and hopes for less pain and improved recovery. This study was undertaken to evaluate our initial experience with LESS cholecystectomy and to compare our initial experience to concurrent outcomes with more conventional multiport, multi-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All patients referred for cholecystectomy over a 6-month period were offered LESS. Outcomes, including blood loss, operative time, complications, and length of stay were recorded. Outcomes with our first LESS cholecystectomies were compared to an uncontrolled group of concurrent patients undergoing multiport, multi-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the same hospital by the same surgeon. Twenty-nine patients of median age 50 years undergoing LESS cholecystectomy from November 2007 until May 2008 were compared to 29* patients, median age 48 years, undergoing standard multiport, multiple-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy over the same time period. Median operative time for patients undergoing LESS cholecystectomy was 72 min and was not different from that of patients undergoing multiport, multi-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (p = 0.81). Median length of hospital stay was 1.0 day for patients undergoing LESS cholecystectomy and was not different from patients undergoing standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy (p = 0.46). Operative estimated blood loss was less than 100 cc for all patients. No patients undergoing attempted LESS cholecystectomy had conversions to "open" operations; two patients had an additional trocar(s) placed distant from the umbilicus to aid in exposure. Three patients undergoing LESS cholecystectomy had complications: two were troubled by pain control and another had urinary retention. LESS cholecystectomy is a safe and effective alternative to standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It can be undertaken without the expense of added operative time and provides patients with minimal, if any, apparent scarring. We believe LESS cholecystectomy will be driven by consumer demand, and therefore, laparoscopic surgeons will need to become proficient with LESS procedures.

Modeling the Risk of Radiation-Induced Acute Esophagitis for Combined Washington University and RTOG Trial 93-11 Lung Cancer Patients

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huang, Ellen X.; Bradley, Jeffrey D.; El Naqa, Issam

2012-04-01

Purpose: To construct a maximally predictive model of the risk of severe acute esophagitis (AE) for patients who receive definitive radiation therapy (RT) for non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods and Materials: The dataset includes Washington University and RTOG 93-11 clinical trial data (events/patients: 120/374, WUSTL = 101/237, RTOG9311 = 19/137). Statistical model building was performed based on dosimetric and clinical parameters (patient age, sex, weight loss, pretreatment chemotherapy, concurrent chemotherapy, fraction size). A wide range of dose-volume parameters were extracted from dearchived treatment plans, including Dx, Vx, MOHx (mean of hottest x% volume), MOCx (mean of coldest x% volume), and gEUDmore » (generalized equivalent uniform dose) values. Results: The most significant single parameters for predicting acute esophagitis (RTOG Grade 2 or greater) were MOH85, mean esophagus dose (MED), and V30. A superior-inferior weighted dose-center position was derived but not found to be significant. Fraction size was found to be significant on univariate logistic analysis (Spearman R = 0.421, p < 0.00001) but not multivariate logistic modeling. Cross-validation model building was used to determine that an optimal model size needed only two parameters (MOH85 and concurrent chemotherapy, robustly selected on bootstrap model-rebuilding). Mean esophagus dose (MED) is preferred instead of MOH85, as it gives nearly the same statistical performance and is easier to compute. AE risk is given as a logistic function of (0.0688 Asterisk-Operator MED+1.50 Asterisk-Operator ConChemo-3.13), where MED is in Gy and ConChemo is either 1 (yes) if concurrent chemotherapy was given, or 0 (no). This model correlates to the observed risk of AE with a Spearman coefficient of 0.629 (p < 0.000001). Conclusions: Multivariate statistical model building with cross-validation suggests that a two-variable logistic model based on mean dose and the use of concurrent chemotherapy robustly predicts acute esophagitis risk in combined-data WUSTL and RTOG 93-11 trial datasets.« less

Concurrent Phosphorus Recovery and Energy Generation in Mediator-Less Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells: Mechanisms and Influencing Factors

PubMed Central

Almatouq, Abdullah; Babatunde, Akintunde O.

2016-01-01

This study investigated the mechanism and key factors influencing concurrent phosphorus (P) recovery and energy generation in microbial fuel cells (MFC) during wastewater treatment. Using a mediator-less dual chamber microbial fuel cell operated for 120 days; P was shown to precipitate as struvite when ammonium and magnesium chloride solutions were added to the cathode chamber. Monitoring data for chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and aeration flow rate showed that a maximum 38% P recovery was achieved; and this corresponds to 1.5 g/L, pH > 8, −550 ± 10 mV and 50 mL/min respectively, for COD, pHcathode, ORP and cathode aeration flow rate. More importantly, COD and aeration flow rate were shown to be the key influencing factors for the P recovery and energy generation. Results further show that the maximum P recovery corresponds to 72 mW/m2 power density. However, the energy generated at maximum P recovery was not the optimum; this shows that whilst P recovery and energy generation can be concurrently achieved in a microbial fuel cell, neither can be at the optimal value. PMID:27043584

Concurrent Phosphorus Recovery and Energy Generation in Mediator-Less Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells: Mechanisms and Influencing Factors.

PubMed

Almatouq, Abdullah; Babatunde, Akintunde O

2016-03-29

This study investigated the mechanism and key factors influencing concurrent phosphorus (P) recovery and energy generation in microbial fuel cells (MFC) during wastewater treatment. Using a mediator-less dual chamber microbial fuel cell operated for 120 days; P was shown to precipitate as struvite when ammonium and magnesium chloride solutions were added to the cathode chamber. Monitoring data for chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and aeration flow rate showed that a maximum 38% P recovery was achieved; and this corresponds to 1.5 g/L, pH > 8, -550 ± 10 mV and 50 mL/min respectively, for COD, pH(cathode), ORP and cathode aeration flow rate. More importantly, COD and aeration flow rate were shown to be the key influencing factors for the P recovery and energy generation. Results further show that the maximum P recovery corresponds to 72 mW/m² power density. However, the energy generated at maximum P recovery was not the optimum; this shows that whilst P recovery and energy generation can be concurrently achieved in a microbial fuel cell, neither can be at the optimal value.

Artificial concurrent catalytic processes involving enzymes.

PubMed

Köhler, Valentin; Turner, Nicholas J

2015-01-11

The concurrent operation of multiple catalysts can lead to enhanced reaction features including (i) simultaneous linear multi-step transformations in a single reaction flask (ii) the control of intermediate equilibria (iii) stereoconvergent transformations (iv) rapid processing of labile reaction products. Enzymes occupy a prominent position for the development of such processes, due to their high potential compatibility with other biocatalysts. Genes for different enzymes can be co-expressed to reconstruct natural or construct artificial pathways and applied in the form of engineered whole cell biocatalysts to carry out complex transformations or, alternatively, the enzymes can be combined in vitro after isolation. Moreover, enzyme variants provide a wider substrate scope for a given reaction and often display altered selectivities and specificities. Man-made transition metal catalysts and engineered or artificial metalloenzymes also widen the range of reactivities and catalysed reactions that are potentially employable. Cascades for simultaneous cofactor or co-substrate regeneration or co-product removal are now firmly established. Many applications of more ambitious concurrent cascade catalysis are only just beginning to appear in the literature. The current review presents some of the most recent examples, with an emphasis on the combination of transition metal with enzymatic catalysis and aims to encourage researchers to contribute to this emerging field.

Concurrent processing simulation of the space station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gluck, R.; Hale, A. L.; Sunkel, John W.

1989-01-01

The development of a new capability for the time-domain simulation of multibody dynamic systems and its application to the study of a large angle rotational maneuvers of the Space Station is described. The effort was divided into three sequential tasks, which required significant advancements of the state-of-the art to accomplish. These were: (1) the development of an explicit mathematical model via symbol manipulation of a flexible, multibody dynamic system; (2) the development of a methodology for balancing the computational load of an explicit mathematical model for concurrent processing; and (3) the implementation and successful simulation of the above on a prototype Custom Architectured Parallel Processing System (CAPPS) containing eight processors. The throughput rate achieved by the CAPPS operating at only 70 percent efficiency, was 3.9 times greater than that obtained sequentially by the IBM 3090 supercomputer simulating the same problem. More significantly, analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that the relative cost effectiveness of concurrent vs. sequential digital computation will grow substantially as the computational load is increased. This is a welcomed development in an era when very complex and cumbersome mathematical models of large space vehicles must be used as substitutes for full scale testing which has become impractical.

Probing the early stages of salt nucleation—experimental and theoretical investigations of sodium/potassium thiocyanate cluster anions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deng, Shihu; Kong, Xiangyu; Wang, Xue B.

2015-01-14

Due to fast solvent evaporation in electrospray ionization (ESI), the concentration of initially dilute electrolyte solutions rapidly increases to afford formation of supersaturated droplets and generating various pristine anhydrous salt clusters in the gas phase. The size, composition, and charge distributions of these clusters, in principle witness the nucleation evolution in solutions. Herein, we report a microscopic study on the initial stage of nucleation and crystallization of sodium/potassium thiocyanate salt solutions simulated in the ESI process. Singly charged M x(SCN)⁻ x+1, doubly charged M y(SCN)²⁻ y+2 (M = Na, K), and triply charged K z(SCN)³⁻ z+3 anion clusters were producedmore » via electrospray of the corresponding salt solutions, and were characterized by negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy (NIPES). The vertical detachment energies (VDEs) of these sodium/potassium thiocyanate cluster anions were obtained, and theoretical calculations were carried out for sodium thiocyanate clusters in assisting spectral identification. The measured VDEs of singly charged anions M x(SCN)⁻ x+1 (M = Na and K) demonstrate they are superhalogen anions. The existence of doubly charged anions M y (SCN)²⁻ y+2 (y = 2x, x ≥ 4 and 3 for M = Na and K, respectively) and triply charged anions K z(SCN)³⁻ z+3 (z = 3x, x ≥ 6) were initially discovered from the photoelectron spectra for those singly charged anions of Msub>x(SCN)⁻ x+1 with the same mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), and later independently confirmed by observation of their distinct mass spectral distributions and by taking their NIPE spectra for those pure multiply charged anions with their m/z different from the singly charged species. For large clusters, multiply charged clusters are found to become preferred, but at higher temperatures those multiply charged clusters are suppressed. The series of anion clusters investigated here range from molecular-like M₁(SCN)⁻ 2 to nano-sized K₂₂(SCN)³⁻ 25, providing a vivid molecular-level growth pattern reflecting the initial salt nucleation process.« less

Interaction studies of human prion protein (HuPrP109-111: methionine-lysine-histidine) tripeptide model with transition metal cations.

PubMed

Pitchumani Violet Mary, C; Shankar, R; Vijayakumar, S; Kolandaivel, P

2016-09-01

In the present study, the coordination bonds between the Methionine-Lysine-Histidine (Ac-MKH-NHMe) tripeptide model associated with the fifth metal binding site, which triggers the β-sheet formation of human prion protein and the divalent metal cations such as Mn(2+), Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) were studied using B3LYP and M052X levels of theory with LANL2DZ basis set. For each transition divalent metal cation, three different coordination modes (4N, 3NO, and 2NSO) were analyzed. The present result reveals that overall structural parameters of MKH model tripeptide are altered due to the interaction of divalent metal cations. Among these three coordination modes, the 4N-M(2)(+) and 4N2O-Mn(2+) complexes are found to have the larger interaction energy, MIA and deformation energies. The triply deprotonated coordination mode of the Ac-MKH-NHMe tripeptide transfers more amount of charge to the divalent metal cations than the dually and singly deprotonated complexes. Furthermore, the atoms in molecules (AIM) topological analysis confirm that, the interaction between the metal cations Mn(2+), Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) and Ac-MKH-NHMe tripeptide are electrostatic dominant and the coordination modes with triply deprotonation states possess larger electron density at their BCP corresponding to their coordination bonds. The electrostatic potential difference maps of the most stable 4N-M(2+) (M(2+)=Cu(2+) and Zn(2+)) and 4N2O-Mn(2+) reveals that, as the ionic radii of the metal ion increases, the delocalization charges localized on the metal cations are found to be decreased. The Infra-red stretching frequencies of NH, CH, and CH2 groups of each coordination complexes are observed with shift in their stretching frequencies. From these observations we conclude that, the transition divalent metal cations binding in 4N coordination mode will induce more conformational changes of the Prion protein. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Triply Periodic Multiply Continuous Lyotropic Liquid Crystals Derived from Gemini Surfactants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sorenson, Gregory P.

A subtle balance of non-covalent interactions directs the self-assembly of small molecule amphiphiles in aqueous media into supramolecular assemblies known as aqueous lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs). Aqueous LLCs form many intricate, ordered nanoscale morphologies comprising distinct and structurally periodic hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. Triply periodic multiply continuous (TPMC) LLC morphologies, which exhibit continuous hydrophobic and aqueous domains that percolate in three-dimensions, are of particular interest by virtue of their potentially wide ranging technological applications including advanced membranes for electrical energy storage and utilization, therapeutic delivery, and templates for new organic and inorganic mesoporous materials. However, robust molecular design criteria for amphiphiles that readily form TMPC morphologies are notably lacking in the literature. Recent reports have described the increased propensity for quaternary ammonium and phosphonium gemini surfactants, derived from dimerization of traditional single-tail surfactants at or near the hydrophilic headgroups through a hydrophobic linker, to stabilize TMPC mesophases. The generality of this surfactant design strategy remains untested in other amphiphiles classes bearing different headgroup chemistries. In this thesis, we describe the unusual aqueous LLC phase behavior of series of gemini dicarboxylate amphiphiles as a function of the alkyl tail length, hydrophobic linker length, and the charge-compensating counterion. These dicarboxylate surfactants unexpectedly exhibit a strong propensity to form TPMC LLCs over amphiphile concentration windows as wide as 20 wt% over a temperature range T = 25--100 °C. Through systematic modifications of the length of the hydrophobic linker and alkyl tails, we use small-angle X-ray scattering to demonstrate that these surfactants adopt new LLC mesophases including the first report of a single-gyroid phase (I4132 symmetry) and a new, tetracontinuous hexagonal network phase ( P63/mcm symmetry). Additionally, we probe the role of the linker position in the surfactant architecture. These data taken together indicate the sensitive dependence of the LLC phase behavior on counterion-headgroup correlations. Based on these molecular design criteria, we demonstrate the synthesis of a polymerizable gemini surfactant that may be self-assembled into a TPMC LLC phase and covalently fixed by a crosslinking photopolymerization. Comprised of aqueous nanochannels lined with metal carboxylates, the resulting LLC membranes exhibit high ionic conductivities.

The triply-ionized carbon forest from eBOSS: cosmological correlations with quasars in SDSS-IV DR14

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blomqvist, Michael; Pieri, Matthew M.; du Mas des Bourboux, Hélion; Busca, Nicolás G.; Slosar, Anže; Bautista, Julian E.; Brinkmann, Jonathan; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle; de Sainte Agathe, Victoria; Guy, Julien; Percival, Will J.; Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi; Rich, James; Schneider, Donald P.

2018-05-01

We present measurements of the cross-correlation of the triply-ionized carbon (CIV) forest with quasars using Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 14. The study exploits a large sample of new quasars from the first two years of observations by the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS). The CIV forest is a weaker tracer of large-scale structure than the Lyα forest, but benefits from being accessible at redshifts z<2 where the quasar number density from eBOSS is high. Our data sample consists of 287,651 CIV forest quasars in the redshift range 1.4

A Pervasive Parallel Processing Framework for Data Visualization and Analysis at Extreme Scale

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moreland, Kenneth; Geveci, Berk

2014-11-01

The evolution of the computing world from teraflop to petaflop has been relatively effortless, with several of the existing programming models scaling effectively to the petascale. The migration to exascale, however, poses considerable challenges. All industry trends infer that the exascale machine will be built using processors containing hundreds to thousands of cores per chip. It can be inferred that efficient concurrency on exascale machines requires a massive amount of concurrent threads, each performing many operations on a localized piece of data. Currently, visualization libraries and applications are based off what is known as the visualization pipeline. In the pipelinemore » model, algorithms are encapsulated as filters with inputs and outputs. These filters are connected by setting the output of one component to the input of another. Parallelism in the visualization pipeline is achieved by replicating the pipeline for each processing thread. This works well for today’s distributed memory parallel computers but cannot be sustained when operating on processors with thousands of cores. Our project investigates a new visualization framework designed to exhibit the pervasive parallelism necessary for extreme scale machines. Our framework achieves this by defining algorithms in terms of worklets, which are localized stateless operations. Worklets are atomic operations that execute when invoked unlike filters, which execute when a pipeline request occurs. The worklet design allows execution on a massive amount of lightweight threads with minimal overhead. Only with such fine-grained parallelism can we hope to fill the billions of threads we expect will be necessary for efficient computation on an exascale machine.« less

Fulfilling Multiple Missions Concurrently: An Ethnographic Study of a Campus Children's Center's Trials and Triumphs in Serving Six Populations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Calica, Corinna Dy-Liacco

2017-01-01

The study is a comprehensive ethnographic investigation into how a campus children's center and laboratory school site can simultaneously serve six major population groups (i.e., parents, college students, teachers, faculty, administrators, and researchers) while maintaining program operations. The study carefully examines the converging and…

Context Aware Routing Management Architecture for Airborne Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-22

awareness, increased survivability, 2 higher operation tempo , greater lethality, improve speed of command and certain degree of self-synchronization [35...first two sets of experiments. This error model simulates deviations from predetermined routes as well as variations on signal strength for radio...routes computed using Maximum Concurrent Multi-Commodity flow algorithm are not susceptible to rapid topology variations induced by noise. 57 5

Biological Assessment of the Continued Operation of Los Alamos National Laboratory on Federally Listed Threatened and Endangered Species

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hansen, Leslie A.

2006-09-19

This biological assessment considers the effects of continuing to operate Los Alamos National Laboratory on Federally listed threatened or endangered species, based on current and future operations identified in the 2006 Site-wide Environmental Impact Statement for the Continued Operation of Los Alamos National Laboratory (SWEIS; DOE In Prep.). We reviewed 40 projects analyzed in the SWEIS as well as two aspects on ongoing operations to determine if these actions had the potential to affect Federally listed species. Eighteen projects that had not already received U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) consultation and concurrence, as well as the two aspects ofmore » ongoing operations, ecological risk from legacy contaminants and the Outfall Reduction Project, were determined to have the potential to affect threatened or endangered species. Cumulative impacts were also analyzed.« less

System-wide versus component-specific trust using multiple aids.

PubMed

Keller, David; Rice, Stephen

2010-01-01

Previous research in operator trust toward automated aids has focused primarily on single aids. The current study focuses on how operator trust is affected by the presence of multiple aids. Two competing theories of multiple-trust are presented. A component-specific trust theory predicts that operators will differentially place their trust in automated aids that vary in reliability. A system-wide trust theory predicts that operators will treat multiple imperfect aids as one "system" and merge their trust across aids despite differences in the aids' reliability. A simulated flight task was used to test these theories, whereby operators performed a pursuit tracking task while concurrently monitoring multiple system gauges that were augmented with perfect or imperfect automated aids. The data revealed that a system-wide trust theory best predicted the data; operators merged their trust across both aids, behaving toward a perfectly reliable aid in the same manner as they did towards unreliable aids.

Weekly paclitaxel and concurrent pazopanib following doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide as neoadjuvant therapy for HER-negative locally advanced breast cancer: NSABP Foundation FB-6, a phase II study.

PubMed

Tan, A R; Johannes, H; Rastogi, P; Jacobs, S A; Robidoux, A; Flynn, P J; Thirlwell, M P; Fehrenbacher, L; Stella, P J; Goel, R; Julian, T B; Provencher, L; Bury, M J; Bhatt, K; Geyer, C E; Swain, S M; Mamounas, E P; Wolmark, N

2015-01-01

This multicenter single-arm phase II study evaluated the addition of pazopanib to concurrent weekly paclitaxel following doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide as neoadjuvant therapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-negative locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Patients with HER2-negative stage III breast cancer were treated with doxorubicin 60 mg/m(2) and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) for four cycles every 3 weeks followed by weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15 every 28 days for four cycles concurrently with pazopanib 800 mg orally daily prior to surgery. Post-operatively, pazopanib was given daily for 6 months. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) in the breast and lymph nodes. Between July 2009 and March 2011, 101 patients with stage IIIA-C HER2-negative breast cancer were enrolled. The pCR rate in evaluable patients who initiated paclitaxel and pazopanib was 17 % (16/93). The pCR rate was 9 % (6/67) in hormone receptor-positive tumors and 38 % (10/26) in triple-negative tumors. Pre-operative pazopanib was completed in only 39 % of patients. The most frequent grade 3 and 4 adverse events during paclitaxel and pazopanib were neutropenia (27 %), diarrhea (5 %), ALT and AST elevations (each 5 %), and hypertension (5 %). Although the pCR rate of paclitaxel and pazopanib following AC chemotherapy given as neoadjuvant therapy in women with LABC met the pre-specified criteria for activity, there was substantial toxicity, which led to a high discontinuation rate of pazopanib. The combination does not appear to warrant further evaluation in the neoadjuvant setting for breast cancer.

Enhancement of aerodynamic performance of a heaving airfoil using synthetic-jet based active flow control.

PubMed

Wang, Chenglei; Tang, Hui

2018-05-25

In this study, we explore the use of synthetic jet (SJ) in manipulating the vortices around a rigid heaving airfoil, so as to enhance its aerodynamic performance. The airfoil heaves at two fixed pitching angles, with the Strouhal number, reduced frequency and Reynolds number chosen as St  =  0.3, k  =  0.25 and Re  =  100, respectively, all falling in the ranges for natural flyers. As such, the vortex force plays a dominant role in determining the airfoil's aerodynamic performance. A pair of in-phase SJs is implemented on the airfoil's upper and lower surfaces, operating with the same strength but in opposite directions. Such a fluid-structure interaction problem is numerically solved using a lattice Boltzmann method based numerical framework. It is found that, as the airfoil heaves with zero pitching angle, its lift and drag can be improved concurrently when the SJ phase angle [Formula: see text] relative to the heave motion varies between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. But this concurrent improvement does not occur as the airfoil heaves with [Formula: see text] pitching angle. Detailed inspection of the vortex evolution and fluid stress over the airfoil surface reveals that, if at good timing, the suction and blowing strokes of the SJ pair can effectively delay or promote the shedding of leading edge vortices, and mitigate or even eliminate the generation of trailing edge vortices, so as to enhance the airfoil's aerodynamic performance. Based on these understandings, an intermittent operation of the SJ pair is then proposed to realize concurrent lift and drag improvement for the heaving airfoil with [Formula: see text] pitching angle.

Predictors of Acute Esophagitis in Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Concurrent Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rodriguez, Nuria; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona; Algara, Manuel

2009-03-01

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for acute esophagitis (AET) in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent 3D-CRT and chemotherapy. Methods and Materials: Data from 100 patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with a mean dose of 62.05 {+-} 4.64 Gy were prospectively evaluated. Esophageal toxicity was graded according to criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. The following dosimetric parameters were analyzed: length and volume of esophagus in treatment field, percentage of esophagus volume treated to {>=}10, {>=}20, {>=}30, {>=}35, {>=}40, {>=}45, {>=}50, {>=}55, and {>=}60 Gy, and the maximum (D{sub max}) and mean doses (D{sub mean}) delivered to themore » esophagus. Also, we developed an esophagitis index (EI) to account the esophagitis grades over treatment time. Results: A total of 59 patients developed AET (Grade 1, 26 patients; Grade 2, 29 patients; and Grade 3, 4 patients). V50 was associated with AET duration (p = 0.017), AET Grade 1 duration (p = 0.016), maximum analgesia (p = 0.019), esophagitis index score (p = 0.024), and AET Grade {>=}1 (p = 0.058). If V50 is <30% there is a 47.3% risk of AET Grade {>=}1, which increases to 73.3% if V50 is {>=}30% (p = 0.008). The predictive abilities of models (sensitivity and specificity) were calculated by receiver operating characteristic curves. Conclusions: According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the 30% of esophageal volume receiving {>=}50 Gy was the most statistically significant factor associated with AET Grade {>=}1 and maximum analgesia (A{sub max}). There was an association with AET Grade {>=}2 but it did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.076)« less

Predictors of acute esophagitis in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

PubMed

Rodríguez, Núria; Algara, Manuel; Foro, Palmira; Lacruz, Marti; Reig, Anna; Membrive, Ismael; Lozano, Joan; López, José Luis; Quera, Jaime; Fernández-Velilla, Enric; Sanz, Xavier

2009-03-01

To evaluate the risk factors for acute esophagitis (AET) in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent 3D-CRT and chemotherapy. Data from 100 patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with a mean dose of 62.05 +/- 4.64 Gy were prospectively evaluated. Esophageal toxicity was graded according to criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. The following dosimetric parameters were analyzed: length and volume of esophagus in treatment field, percentage of esophagus volume treated to >or=10, >or=20, >or=30, >or=35, >or=40, >or=45, >or=50, >or=55, and >or=60 Gy, and the maximum (D(max)) and mean doses (D(mean)) delivered to the esophagus. Also, we developed an esophagitis index (EI) to account the esophagitis grades over treatment time. A total of 59 patients developed AET (Grade 1, 26 patients; Grade 2, 29 patients; and Grade 3, 4 patients). V50 was associated with AET duration (p = 0.017), AET Grade 1 duration (p = 0.016), maximum analgesia (p = 0.019), esophagitis index score (p = 0.024), and AET Grade >or=1 (p = 0.058). If V50 is <30% there is a 47.3% risk of AET Grade >or=1, which increases to 73.3% if V50 is >or=30% (p = 0.008). The predictive abilities of models (sensitivity and specificity) were calculated by receiver operating characeristic curves. According to the receiver operating characeristic curve analysis, the 30% of esophageal volume receiving >or=50 Gy was the most statistically significant factor associated with AET Grade >or=1 and maximum analgesia (A(max)). There was an association with AET Grade >or=2 but it did not achieve statistical significance (p = 0.076).

Frequency domain near-infrared multiwavelength imager design using high-speed, direct analog-to-digital conversion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zimmermann, Bernhard B.; Fang, Qianqian; Boas, David A.; Carp, Stefan A.

2016-01-01

Frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) has proven to be a reliable method for quantification of tissue absolute optical properties. We present a full-sampling direct analog-to-digital conversion FD-NIR imager. While we developed this instrument with a focus on high-speed optical breast tomographic imaging, the proposed design is suitable for a wide-range of biophotonic applications where fast, accurate quantification of absolute optical properties is needed. Simultaneous dual wavelength operation at 685 and 830 nm is achieved by concurrent 67.5 and 75 MHz frequency modulation of each laser source, respectively, followed by digitization using a high-speed (180 MS/s) 16-bit A/D converter and hybrid FPGA-assisted demodulation. The instrument supports 25 source locations and features 20 concurrently operating detectors. The noise floor of the instrument was measured at <1.4 pW/√Hz, and a dynamic range of 115+ dB, corresponding to nearly six orders of magnitude, has been demonstrated. Titration experiments consisting of 200 different absorption and scattering values were conducted to demonstrate accurate optical property quantification over the entire range of physiologically expected values.

Frequency domain near-infrared multiwavelength imager design using high-speed, direct analog-to-digital conversion

PubMed Central

Zimmermann, Bernhard B.; Fang, Qianqian; Boas, David A.; Carp, Stefan A.

2016-01-01

Abstract. Frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) has proven to be a reliable method for quantification of tissue absolute optical properties. We present a full-sampling direct analog-to-digital conversion FD-NIR imager. While we developed this instrument with a focus on high-speed optical breast tomographic imaging, the proposed design is suitable for a wide-range of biophotonic applications where fast, accurate quantification of absolute optical properties is needed. Simultaneous dual wavelength operation at 685 and 830 nm is achieved by concurrent 67.5 and 75 MHz frequency modulation of each laser source, respectively, followed by digitization using a high-speed (180  MS/s) 16-bit A/D converter and hybrid FPGA-assisted demodulation. The instrument supports 25 source locations and features 20 concurrently operating detectors. The noise floor of the instrument was measured at <1.4  pW/√Hz, and a dynamic range of 115+ dB, corresponding to nearly six orders of magnitude, has been demonstrated. Titration experiments consisting of 200 different absorption and scattering values were conducted to demonstrate accurate optical property quantification over the entire range of physiologically expected values. PMID:26813081

SCaLeM: A Framework for Characterizing and Analyzing Execution Models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chavarría-Miranda, Daniel; Manzano Franco, Joseph B.; Krishnamoorthy, Sriram

2014-10-13

As scalable parallel systems evolve towards more complex nodes with many-core architectures and larger trans-petascale & upcoming exascale deployments, there is a need to understand, characterize and quantify the underlying execution models being used on such systems. Execution models are a conceptual layer between applications & algorithms and the underlying parallel hardware and systems software on which those applications run. This paper presents the SCaLeM (Synchronization, Concurrency, Locality, Memory) framework for characterizing and execution models. SCaLeM consists of three basic elements: attributes, compositions and mapping of these compositions to abstract parallel systems. The fundamental Synchronization, Concurrency, Locality and Memory attributesmore » are used to characterize each execution model, while the combinations of those attributes in the form of compositions are used to describe the primitive operations of the execution model. The mapping of the execution model’s primitive operations described by compositions, to an underlying abstract parallel system can be evaluated quantitatively to determine its effectiveness. Finally, SCaLeM also enables the representation and analysis of applications in terms of execution models, for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of such mapping.« less

Saguaro: a distributed operating system based on pools of servers. Annual report, 1 January 1984-31 December 1986

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Andrews, G.R.

1986-03-03

Prototypes of components of the Saguaro distributed operating system were implemented and the design of the entire system refined based on the experience. The philosophy behind Saguaro is to support the illusion of a single virtual machine while taking advantage of the concurrency and robustness that are possible in a network architecture. Within the system, these advantages are realized by the use of pools of server processes and decentralized allocation protocols. Potential concurrency and robustness are also made available to the user through low-cost mechanisms to control placement of executing commands and files, and to support semi-transparent file replication andmore » access. Another unique aspect of Saguaro is its extensive use of type system to describe user data such as files and to specify the types of arguments to commands and procedures. This enables the system to assist in type checking and leads to a user interface in which command-specific templates are available to facilitate command invocation. A mechanism, channels, is also provided to enable users to construct applications containing general graphs of communication processes.« less

Modified Petri net model sensitivity to workload manipulations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

White, S. A.; Mackinnon, D. P.; Lyman, J.

1986-01-01

Modified Petri Nets (MPNs) are investigated as a workload modeling tool. The results of an exploratory study of the sensitivity of MPNs to work load manipulations in a dual task are described. Petri nets have been used to represent systems with asynchronous, concurrent and parallel activities (Peterson, 1981). These characteristics led some researchers to suggest the use of Petri nets in workload modeling where concurrent and parallel activities are common. Petri nets are represented by places and transitions. In the workload application, places represent operator activities and transitions represent events. MPNs have been used to formally represent task events and activities of a human operator in a man-machine system. Some descriptive applications demonstrate the usefulness of MPNs in the formal representation of systems. It is the general hypothesis herein that in addition to descriptive applications, MPNs may be useful for workload estimation and prediction. The results are reported of the first of a series of experiments designed to develop and test a MPN system of workload estimation and prediction. This first experiment is a screening test of MPN model general sensitivity to changes in workload. Positive results from this experiment will justify the more complicated analyses and techniques necessary for developing a workload prediction system.

The implementation and use of Ada on distributed systems with high reliability requirements

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Knight, J. C.

1986-01-01

The general inadequacy of Ada for programming systems that must survive processor loss was shown. A solution to the problem was proposed in which there are no syntatic changes to Ada. The approach was evaluated using a full-scale, realistic application. The application used was the Advanced Transport Operating System (ATOPS), an experimental computer control system developed for a modified Boeing 737 aircraft. The ATOPS system is a full authority, real-time avionics system providing a large variety of advanced features. Methods of building fault tolerance into concurrent systems were explored. A set of criteria by which the proposed method will be judged was examined. Extensive interaction with personnel from Computer Sciences Corporation and NASA Langley occurred to determine the requirements of the ATOPS software. Backward error recovery in concurrent systems was assessed.

An unusual case of concurrent insulinoma and nesidioblastosis.

PubMed

Bright, Elizabeth; Garcea, Giuseppe; Ong, Seok L; Madira, Webster; Berry, David P; Dennison, Ashley R

2008-09-02

Endogenous hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in adults is most commonly caused by an insulinoma. Adult nesidioblastosis is rarely reported. To the best of our knowledge the presence of both insulinoma and nesidioblastosis has not been reported before. We report a case of a 35-year-old female presenting with neuroglycaemic symptoms. A supervised 72-hour fast confirmed hypoglycaemia in the presence of hyperinsulinaemia. Thorough pre-operative biochemical and radiological investigations, including selective splenic, superior mesenteric and portal venous sampling inferred a tentative diagnosis of adult nesidioblastosis. However, a grossly elevated insulin level within the splenic vein on a second set of venous sampling produced a high index of suspicion for the presence of an insulinoma. At surgical exploration both an insulinoma and nesidioblastosis were identified and confirmed by histological examination. We report an even rarer entity of concurrent insulinoma and nesidioblastosis.

Executive Resources and Item-Context Binding: Exploring the Influence of Concurrent Inhibition, Updating, and Shifting Tasks on Context Memory

PubMed Central

Nieznański, Marek; Obidziński, Michał; Zyskowska, Emilia; Niedziałkowska, Daria

2015-01-01

Previous research has demonstrated that context memory performance decreases as a result of cognitive load. However, the role of specific executive resources availability has not been specified yet. In a dual-task experiment, participants performed three kinds of concurrent task engaging: inhibition, updating, or shifting operations. In comparison with a no-load single-task condition, a significant decrease in item and context memory was observed, regardless of the kind of executive task. When executive load conditions were compared with non-specific cognitive load conditions, a significant interference effect was observed in the case of the inhibition task. The inhibition process appears to be an aspect of executive control, which relies on the same resource as item-context binding does, especially when binding refers to associations retrieved from long-term memory. PMID:26435761

Software-safety and software quality assurance in real-time applications Part 2: Real-time structures and languages

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schoitsch, Erwin

1988-07-01

Our society is depending more and more on the reliability of embedded (real-time) computer systems even in every-day life. Considering the complexity of the real world, this might become a severe threat. Real-time programming is a discipline important not only in process control and data acquisition systems, but also in fields like communication, office automation, interactive databases, interactive graphics and operating systems development. General concepts of concurrent programming and constructs for process-synchronization are discussed in detail. Tasking and synchronization concepts, methods of process communication, interrupt- and timeout handling in systems based on semaphores, signals, conditional critical regions or on real-time languages like Concurrent PASCAL, MODULA, CHILL and ADA are explained and compared with each other and with respect to their potential to quality and safety.

Fuel quantity modulation in pilot ignited engines

DOEpatents

May, Andrew

2006-05-16

An engine system includes a first fuel regulator adapted to control an amount of a first fuel supplied to the engine, a second fuel regulator adapted to control an amount of a second fuel supplied to the engine concurrently with the first fuel being supplied to the engine, and a controller coupled to at least the second fuel regulator. The controller is adapted to determine the amount of the second fuel supplied to the engine in a relationship to the amount of the first fuel supplied to the engine to operate in igniting the first fuel at a specified time in steady state engine operation and adapted to determine the amount of the second fuel supplied to the engine in a manner different from the relationship at steady state engine operation in transient engine operation.

SPACE/COHMEX data inventory document

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, S. F.; Goodman, H. M.; Knupp, K. R.; Arnold, J. E.

1987-01-01

During the period June to July 1986, NASA conducted the Satellite Precipitation and Cloud Experiment (SPACE) in the central Tennessee, northern Alabama, and northeastern Mississippi area. In addition to SPACE, the Microburst and Severe Thunderstorm (MIST) Program, sponsored by the National Science Foundation, and the FAA-Lincoln Laboratory Operational Weather Study (FLOWS) sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration, operated concurrently under the acronym of COHMEX (Cooperative Huntsville Meteorological Experiment). The COHMEX field program incorporated measurements from remote sensors flown on high altitude aircraft (ER-2 and U-2), Doppler and conventional radars, rawinsondes, satellites, cloud physics research aircraft, and various surface observational systems.

Substituent effects in double-helical hydrogen-bonded AAA-DDD complexes.

PubMed

Wang, Hong-Bo; Mudraboyina, Bhanu P; Wisner, James A

2012-01-27

Two series of DDD and AAA hydrogen-bond arrays were synthesized that form triply-hydrogen-bonded double-helical complexes when combined in CDCl(3) solution. Derivatization of the DDD arrays with electron-withdrawing groups increases the complex association constants by up to a factor of 30 in those arrays examined. Derivatization of the AAA arrays with electron donating substituents reveals a similar magnitude effect on the complex stabilities. The effect of substitution on both types of arrays are modeled quite satisfactorily (R(2) > 0.96 in all cases) as free energy relationships with respect to the sums of their Hammett substituent constants. In all, the complex stabilities can be manipulated over more than three orders of magnitude (>20 kJ mol(-1)) using this type of modification. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Single electron impact ionization of the methane molecule

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouamoud, Mammar; Sahlaoui, Mohammed; Benmansour, Nour El Houda; Atomic and Molecular Collisions Team

2014-10-01

Triply differential cross sections (TDCS) results of electron-impact ionization of the inner 2a1 molecular orbital of CH4 are presented in the framework of the Second Born Approximation and compared with the experimental data performed in coplanar asymmetric geometry. The cross sections are averaged on the random orientations of the molecular target for accurate comparison with experiments and are compared also with the theoretical calculations of the Three Coulomb wave (3CW) model. Our results are in good agreement with experiments and 3CW results in the binary peak. In contrast the Second Born Approximation yields a significant higher values compared to the 3CW results for the recoil peak and seems to describe suitably the recoil region where higher order effects can occur with the participation of the recoiling ion in the collision process.

Software defined radio (SDR) architecture for concurrent multi-satellite communications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maheshwarappa, Mamatha R.

SDRs have emerged as a viable approach for space communications over the last decade by delivering low-cost hardware and flexible software solutions. The flexibility introduced by the SDR concept not only allows the realisation of concurrent multiple standards on one platform, but also promises to ease the implementation of one communication standard on differing SDR platforms by signal porting. This technology would facilitate implementing reconfigurable nodes for parallel satellite reception in Mobile/Deployable Ground Segments and Distributed Satellite Systems (DSS) for amateur radio/university satellite operations. This work outlines the recent advances in embedded technologies that can enable new communication architectures for concurrent multi-satellite or satellite-to-ground missions where multi-link challenges are associated. This research proposes a novel concept to run advanced parallelised SDR back-end technologies in a Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) embedded system that can support multi-signal processing for multi-satellite scenarios simultaneously. The initial SDR implementation could support only one receiver chain due to system saturation. However, the design was optimised to facilitate multiple signals within the limited resources available on an embedded system at any given time. This was achieved by providing a VHDL solution to the existing Python and C/C++ programming languages along with parallelisation so as to accelerate performance whilst maintaining the flexibility. The improvement in the performance was validated at every stage through profiling. Various cases of concurrent multiple signals with different standards such as frequency (with Doppler effect) and symbol rates were simulated in order to validate the novel architecture proposed in this research. Also, the architecture allows the system to be reconfigurable by providing the opportunity to change the communication standards in soft real-time. The chosen COTS solution provides a generic software methodology for both ground and space applications that will remain unaltered despite new evolutions in hardware, and supports concurrent multi-standard, multi-channel and multi-rate telemetry signals.

Challenges in the concurrent management of malaria and HIV in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa.

PubMed

Brentlinger, Paula E; Behrens, Christopher B; Micek, Mark A

2006-02-01

Approximately one million pregnancies are complicated by both malaria and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa annually. Both infections have been associated with maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Intermittent preventive treatment, usually with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, has been shown to prevent pregnancy-related malaria and its complications. Several different regimens of antiretroviral therapy are now available to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV and/or progression of maternal HIV infection during pregnancy. However, no published studies have yet shown whether standard intermittent preventive treatment and antiretroviral regimens are medically and operationally compatible in pregnancy. We reviewed existing policies regarding prevention and treatment of HIV and malaria in pregnancy, as well as published literature on adverse effects of antiretrovirals and antimalarials commonly used in pregnancy in developing countries, and found that concurrent prescription of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), and antiretroviral agents including nevirapine and zidovudine per existing protocols for prevention of malaria and vertical HIV transmission may result in adverse drug interactions or overlapping, diagnostically challenging drug toxicities. Insecticide-treated bednets should be provided for HIV-infected pregnant women at risk for malaria. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine should be prescribed cautiously in women concurrently receiving daily nevirapine and/or zidovudine, and should be avoided in women on daily co-trimoxazole. Further research is urgently needed to define safe and effective protocols for concurrent management of HIV and malaria in pregnancy, and to define appropriate interventions for different populations subject to differing levels of malaria transmission and antimalarial drug resistance.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIPLE AND CONCURRENT PARTNERSHIPS AMONG WOMEN AT HIGH RISK FOR HIV INFECTION

PubMed Central

Adimora, Adaora A.; Hughes, James P.; Wang, Jing; Haley, Danielle F.; Golin, Carol E.; Magnus, Manya; Rompalo, Anne; Justman, Jessica; del Rio, Carlos; El-Sadr, Wafaa; Mannheimer, Sharon; Soto-Torres, Lydia; Hodder, Sally L.

2014-01-01

Objectives We examined parameters of sexual partnerships, including respondents’ participation in concurrency, belief that their partner had concurrent partnerships (partners’ concurrency), and partnership intervals, among the 2,099 women in HIV Prevention Trials Network 064, a study of women at high risk for HIV infection, in ten US communities. Methods We analyzed baseline survey responses about partnership dates to determine prevalence of participants’ and partners’ concurrency, intervals between partnerships, knowledge of whether recent partner(s) had undergone HIV testing, and intercourse frequency during the preceding 6 months. Results Prevalence of participants’ and partners’ concurrency was 40% and 36% respectively; 24% of respondents had both concurrent partnerships and non-monogamous partners. Among women with >1 partner and no concurrent partnerships themselves, the median gap between partners was one month. Multiple episodes of unprotected vaginal intercourse with >2 of their most recent partners was reported by 60% of women who had both concurrent partnerships and non-monogamous partners, 50% with only concurrent partners and no partners’ concurrency, and 33% with only partners’ concurrency versus 14% of women with neither type of concurrency (p<.0001). Women who had any involvement with concurrency were also more likely than women with no concurrency involvement to report lack of awareness of whether recent partners had undergone HIV testing (participants’ concurrency 41%, partners’ concurrency 40%, both participants’ and partners’ concurrency 48%, neither 17%; p<.0001). Conclusions These network patterns and short gaps between partnerships may create substantial opportunities for HIV transmission in this sample of women at high risk for HIV infection. PMID:24056163

Unified Behavior Framework for Reactive Robot Control in Real-Time Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

maintain coherent operation in concurrent programs by employing standard communication and synchronization patterns. Some typical ones are: semaphores ...through the semaphore . Signals, whether persistent or transient, are used to communicate between threads as a means of synchronizing their progress...tasks to be decomposed into collections of low-level primitive behaviors, Figure 2.b. This approach takes on the self- contradictory term, reactive

Destination directed packet switch architecture for a 30/20 GHz FDMA/TDM geostationary communication satellite network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ivancic, William D.; Shalkhauser, Mary JO

1991-01-01

Emphasis is on a destination directed packet switching architecture for a 30/20 GHz frequency division multiplex access/time division multiplex (FDMA/TDM) geostationary satellite communication network. Critical subsystems and problem areas are identified and addressed. Efforts have concentrated heavily on the space segment; however, the ground segment was considered concurrently to ensure cost efficiency and realistic operational constraints.

Future War: An Assessment of Aerospace Campaigns in 2010,

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-01-01

theoretician: "The impending sixth generation of warfare, with its centerpiece of superior data-processing to support precision smart weaponry, will radically...tions concept of " smart push, warrior pull." If JFACC were colocated with the worldwide intelligence manager, unit taskings and the applicable...intelligence information could be distributed concurrently (" smart push"). Intelligence officers sitting alongside the operational tasking officers would

78 FR 43148 - Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to a...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-19

.... Section 101(a)(5)(D) establishes a 45-day time limit for NMFS review of an application followed by a 30... concurrently and only one impact hammer rig was operated at a time. Due to delays in beginning construction..., Coleman, 2011, Caltrans, 2012). The variability in attenuation levels is due to variation in design, as...

Circuit-switch architecture for a 30/20-GHz FDMA/TDM geostationary satellite communications network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ivancic, William D.

1992-01-01

A circuit switching architecture is described for a 30/20 GHz frequency division, multiple access uplink/time division multiplexed downlink (FDMA/TDM) geostationary satellite communications network. Critical subsystems and problem areas are identified and addressed. Work was concentrated primarily on the space segment; however, the ground segment was considered concurrently to ensure cost efficiency and realistic operational constraints.

Destination-directed, packet-switching architecture for 30/20-GHz FDMA/TDM geostationary communications satellite network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ivancic, William D.; Shalkhauser, Mary JO

1992-01-01

A destination-directed packet switching architecture for a 30/20-GHz frequency division multiple access/time division multiplexed (FDMA/TDM) geostationary satellite communications network is discussed. Critical subsystems and problem areas are identified and addressed. Efforts have concentrated heavily on the space segment; however, the ground segment has been considered concurrently to ensure cost efficiency and realistic operational constraints.

Beaches of the Future: Analyzing Territorial Disputes in South America

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork...in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), 16. 28 Ibid. 11 realist approach that finds leaders concurrently managing ...United Kingdom107 Alternatively, these arbitration treaties managed to cool tensions between the Argentina and Chile, two stockpiling players involved

Al Qaeda in Iraq: Demobilizing the Threat

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-12-01

of experiences and events in the “world out there”.10 The most effective frames concurrently persuade the heart, mind and emotions ( ethos , logos ...examine the current status of the counterinsurgency operations and stabilization effort in Iraq. Trend-analysis tracks changes in key indicators...tracks changes in key indicators through time underscoring areas for concern and areas of positive movement. Based on the nature of AQI and the

Putting time into proof outlines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schneider, Fred B.; Bloom, Bard; Marzullo, Keith

1993-01-01

A logic for reasoning about timing properties of concurrent programs is presented. The logic is based on Hoare-style proof outlines and can handle maximal parallelism as well as certain resource-constrained execution environments. The correctness proof for a mutual exclusion protocol that uses execution timings in a subtle way illustrates the logic in action. A soundness proof using structural operational semantics is outlined in the appendix.

Consolidated Environmental Resource Database Information Process (CERDIP)

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-19

Secretary of the Army for Installations, Energy and Environment [OASA(IE&E)] ESOH 5850 21st Street, Bldg 211, Second Floor Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-5938...Elizabeth J. Keysar 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) National Defense Center for Energy and Environment Operated by Concurrent...Markup Language NDCEE National Defense Center for Energy and Environment NFDD National Geospatial–Intelligence Agency Feature Data Dictionary

In situ steam enhanced recovery process, Hughes Environmental Systems, Inc. innovative technology evaluation report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cook, K.

1995-01-01

This Innovative Technology Evaluation report summarizes the findings of an evaluation of the in situ Steam Enhanced Recovery Process (SERP) operated by Hughes Environmental Systems, Inc. at the Rainbow Disposal facility in Huntington Beach, California. The technology demonstration was conducted concurrent with a full-scale remedial action using the technology on an underground diesel leak. From this demonstration, it was concluded that the SERP process did not achieve the remedial goals desired at this site and there were significant operational problems. It is believed that these operational problems can be solved and substantially better performance can be attained. The cost ofmore » treatment was quite low, as expected with an in-situ process.« less

Demonstration of entanglement of electrostatically coupled singlet-triplet qubits.

PubMed

Shulman, M D; Dial, O E; Harvey, S P; Bluhm, H; Umansky, V; Yacoby, A

2012-04-13

Quantum computers have the potential to solve certain problems faster than classical computers. To exploit their power, it is necessary to perform interqubit operations and generate entangled states. Spin qubits are a promising candidate for implementing a quantum processor because of their potential for scalability and miniaturization. However, their weak interactions with the environment, which lead to their long coherence times, make interqubit operations challenging. We performed a controlled two-qubit operation between singlet-triplet qubits using a dynamically decoupled sequence that maintains the two-qubit coupling while decoupling each qubit from its fluctuating environment. Using state tomography, we measured the full density matrix of the system and determined the concurrence and the fidelity of the generated state, providing proof of entanglement.

Temporal texture of associative encoding modulates recall processes.

PubMed

Tibon, Roni; Levy, Daniel A

2014-02-01

Binding aspects of an experience that are distributed over time is an important element of episodic memory. In the current study, we examined how the temporal complexity of an experience may govern the processes required for its retrieval. We recorded event-related potentials during episodic cued recall following pair associate learning of concurrently and sequentially presented object-picture pairs. Cued recall success effects over anterior and posterior areas were apparent in several time windows. In anterior locations, these recall success effects were similar for concurrently and sequentially encoded pairs. However, in posterior sites clustered over parietal scalp the effect was larger for the retrieval of sequentially encoded pairs. We suggest that anterior aspects of the mid-latency recall success effects may reflect working-with-memory operations or direct access recall processes, while more posterior aspects reflect recollective processes which are required for retrieval of episodes of greater temporal complexity. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Maintaining consistency in distributed systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Birman, Kenneth P.

1991-01-01

In systems designed as assemblies of independently developed components, concurrent access to data or data structures normally arises within individual programs, and is controlled using mutual exclusion constructs, such as semaphores and monitors. Where data is persistent and/or sets of operation are related to one another, transactions or linearizability may be more appropriate. Systems that incorporate cooperative styles of distributed execution often replicate or distribute data within groups of components. In these cases, group oriented consistency properties must be maintained, and tools based on the virtual synchrony execution model greatly simplify the task confronting an application developer. All three styles of distributed computing are likely to be seen in future systems - often, within the same application. This leads us to propose an integrated approach that permits applications that use virtual synchrony with concurrent objects that respect a linearizability constraint, and vice versa. Transactional subsystems are treated as a special case of linearizability.

The Myth of Spatial Reuse with Directional Antennas in Indoor Wireless Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lakshmanan, Sriram; Sundaresan, Karthikeyan; Rangarajan, Sampath; Sivakumar, Raghupathy

Interference among co-channel users is a fundamental problem in wireless networks, which prevents nearby links from operating concurrently. Directional antennas allow the radiation patterns of wireless transmitters to be shaped to form directed beams. Conventionally, such beams are assumed to improve the spatial reuse (i.e. concurrency) in indoor wireless networks. In this paper, we use experiments in an indoor office setting of Wifi Access points equipped with directional antennas, to study their potential for interference mitigation and spatial reuse. In contrast to conventional wisdom, we observe that the interference mitigation benefits of directional antennas are minimal. On analyzing our experimental traces we observe that directional links do not reduce interference to nearby links due to the lack of signal confinement due to indoor multipath fading. We then use the insights derived from our study to develop an alternative approach that provides better interference reduction in indoor networks compared to directional links.

NREL Advancements in Methane Conversion Lead to Cleaner Air, Useful Products

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

2016-06-01

Researchers at NREL leveraged the recent on-site development of gas fermentation capabilities and novel genetic tools to directly convert methane to lactic acid using an engineered methanotrophic bacterium. The results provide proof-of-concept data for a gas-to-liquids bioprocess that concurrently produces fuels and chemicals from methane. NREL researchers developed genetic tools to express heterologous genes in methanotrophic organisms, which have historically been difficult to genetically engineer. Using these tools, researchers demonstrated microbial conversion of methane to lactate, a high-volume biochemical precursor predominantly utilized for the production of bioplastics. Methane biocatalysis offers a means to concurrently liquefy and upgrade natural gas andmore » renewable biogas, enabling their utilization in conventional transportation and industrial manufacturing infrastructure. Producing chemicals and fuels from methane expands the suite of products currently generated from biorefineries, municipalities, and agricultural operations, with the potential to increase revenue and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.« less

Design and implementation of a combined influenza immunization and tuberculosis screening campaign with simulation modelling.

PubMed

Heim, Joseph A; Huang, Hao; Zabinsky, Zelda B; Dickerson, Jane; Wellner, Monica; Astion, Michael; Cruz, Doris; Vincent, Jeanne; Jack, Rhona

2015-08-01

Design and implement a concurrent campaign of influenza immunization and tuberculosis (TB) screening for health care workers (HCWs) that can reduce the number of clinic visits for each HCW. A discrete-event simulation model was developed to support issues of resource allocation decisions in planning and operations phases. The campaign was compressed to100 days in 2010 and further compressed to 75 days in 2012 and 2013. With more than 5000 HCW arrivals in 2011, 2012 and 2013, the 14-day goal of TB results was achieved for each year and reduced to about 4 days in 2012 and 2013. Implementing a concurrent campaign allows less number of visiting clinics and the compressing of campaign length allows earlier immunization. The support of simulation modelling can provide useful evaluations of different configurations. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Field Testing of Rapid Electrokinetic Nanoparticle Treatment for Corrosion Control of Steel in Concrete

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cardenas, Henry E.; Alexander, Joshua B.; Kupwade-Patil,Kunal; Calle, Luz Marina

2009-01-01

This work field tested the use of electrokinetics for delivery of concrete sealing nanoparticles concurrent with the extraction of chlorides. Several cylinders of concrete were batched and placed in immersion at the Kennedy Space Center Beach Corrosion Test Site. The specimens were batched with steel reinforcement and a 4.5 wt.% (weight percent) content of sodium chloride. Upon arrival at Kennedy Space Center, the specimens were placed in the saltwater immersion pool at the Beach Corrosion Test Site. Following 30 days of saltwater exposure, the specimens were subjected to rapid chloride extraction concurrent with electrokinetic nanoparticle treatment. The treatments were operated at up to eight times the typical current density in order to complete the treatment in 7 days. The findings indicated that the short-term corrosion resistance of the concrete specimens was significantly enhanced as was the strength of the concrete.

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery through an ostomy site: a natural approach by an unnatural orifice.

PubMed

Lopez, Nicole E; Peterson, Carrie Y; Ramamoorthy, Sonia L; McLemore, Elisabeth C; Sedrak, Michael F; Lowy, Andrew M; Horgan, Santiago; Talamini, Mark A; Sicklick, Jason K

2015-02-01

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is gaining popularity for a wide variety of surgical operations and capitalizes on the benefits of traditional laparoscopic surgery without incurring multiple incision sites. Traditionally, SILS is performed by a midline periumbilical approach. However, such a minimally invasive approach may be utilized in patients who already have an abdominal incision. Our series retrospectively reviews 7 cases in which we utilized the fascial defect at the time of after ostomy reversal as our SILS incision site. In turn, we performed a variety of concurrent intra-abdominal procedures with excellent technical success and outcomes. Our study is the largest single-institution case series of this novel approach and suggests that utilizing an existing ostomy-site abdominal incision is a safe and effective location for SILS port placement and should be considered in patients undergoing concurrent procedures.

LG tools for asymmetric wargaming

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stilman, Boris; Yakhnis, Alex; Yakhnis, Vladimir

2002-07-01

Asymmetric operations represent conflict where one of the sides would apply military power to influence the political and civil environment, to facilitate diplomacy, and to interrupt specified illegal activities. This is a special type of conflict where the participants do not initiate full-scale war. Instead, the sides may be engaged in a limited open conflict or one or several sides may covertly engage another side using unconventional or less conventional methods of engagement. They may include peace operations, combating terrorism, counterdrug operations, arms control, support of insurgencies or counterinsurgencies, show of force. An asymmetric conflict can be represented as several concurrent interlinked games of various kinds: military, transportation, economic, political, etc. Thus, various actions of peace violators, terrorists, drug traffickers, etc., can be expressed via moves in different interlinked games. LG tools allow us to fully capture the specificity of asymmetric conflicts employing the major LG concept of hypergame. Hypergame allows modeling concurrent interlinked processes taking place in geographically remote locations at different levels of resolution and time scale. For example, it allows us to model an antiterrorist operation taking place simultaneously in a number of countries around the globe and involving wide range of entities from individuals to combat units to governments. Additionally, LG allows us to model all sides of the conflict at their level of sophistication. Intelligent stakeholders are represented by means of LG generated intelligent strategies. TO generate those strategies, in addition to its own mathematical intelligence, the LG algorithm may incorporate the intelligence of the top-level experts in the respective problem domains. LG models the individual differences between intelligent stakeholders. The LG tools make it possible to incorporate most of the known traits of a stakeholder, i.e., real personalities involved in the conflict with their specific individual style.

Mars Exploration Rover Surface Operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Erickson, J. K.; Adler, M.; Crisp, J.; Mishkin, A.; Welch, R.

2002-01-01

The Mars Exploration Rover Project is an ambitious mission to land two highly capable rovers on Mars and concurrently explore the Martian surface for three months each. Launching in 2003, surface operations will commence on January 4, 2004 with the first landing, followed by the second landing on January 25. The prime mission for the second rover will end on April 27, 2004. The science objectives of exploring multiple locations within each of two widely separated and scientifically distinct landing sites will be accomplished along with the demonstration of key surface exploration technologies for future missions. This paper will provide an overview of the planned mission, and also focus on the different operations challenges inherent in operating these two very off road vehicles, and the solutions adopted to enable the best utilization of their capabilities for high science return and responsiveness to scientific discovery.

An Incentive-based Online Optimization Framework for Distribution Grids

DOE PAGES

Zhou, Xinyang; Dall'Anese, Emiliano; Chen, Lijun; ...

2017-10-09

This article formulates a time-varying social-welfare maximization problem for distribution grids with distributed energy resources (DERs) and develops online distributed algorithms to identify (and track) its solutions. In the considered setting, network operator and DER-owners pursue given operational and economic objectives, while concurrently ensuring that voltages are within prescribed limits. The proposed algorithm affords an online implementation to enable tracking of the solutions in the presence of time-varying operational conditions and changing optimization objectives. It involves a strategy where the network operator collects voltage measurements throughout the feeder to build incentive signals for the DER-owners in real time; DERs thenmore » adjust the generated/consumed powers in order to avoid the violation of the voltage constraints while maximizing given objectives. Stability of the proposed schemes is analytically established and numerically corroborated.« less

An Incentive-based Online Optimization Framework for Distribution Grids

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Xinyang; Dall'Anese, Emiliano; Chen, Lijun

This article formulates a time-varying social-welfare maximization problem for distribution grids with distributed energy resources (DERs) and develops online distributed algorithms to identify (and track) its solutions. In the considered setting, network operator and DER-owners pursue given operational and economic objectives, while concurrently ensuring that voltages are within prescribed limits. The proposed algorithm affords an online implementation to enable tracking of the solutions in the presence of time-varying operational conditions and changing optimization objectives. It involves a strategy where the network operator collects voltage measurements throughout the feeder to build incentive signals for the DER-owners in real time; DERs thenmore » adjust the generated/consumed powers in order to avoid the violation of the voltage constraints while maximizing given objectives. Stability of the proposed schemes is analytically established and numerically corroborated.« less

[Concepts of development of the neurosurgical operative environment in the 21st century].

PubMed

Apuzzo, M; Liu, C

2002-01-01

The operative environment has to a large extent defines the "state of the art and science" of neurosurgery, which is now undergoing rapid reinvention. In order to remain current, each neurosurgeon should periodically reconsider their personal operative environment and its functional design with reference to modernity of practice as currently defined. Historical trends and their analysis offer predictive guides for development of such settings with an eye toward the future. Examination of technical developments in decade timeframes defines the progress in capability and need. Progressive minimalism of manipulation and the presence of operative definition with increasing precision are evident, with concurrent miniaturization of attendant computerized support systems, sensors, robotic interfaces, and imaging devices. These trends and developments offer the opportunity for simplificity of setting design with higher functionality as the desired endpoint.

Tight upper bound for the maximal quantum value of the Svetlichny operators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Ming; Shen, Shuqian; Jing, Naihuan; Fei, Shao-Ming; Li-Jost, Xianqing

2017-10-01

It is a challenging task to detect genuine multipartite nonlocality (GMNL). In this paper, the problem is considered via computing the maximal quantum value of Svetlichny operators for three-qubit systems and a tight upper bound is obtained. The constraints on the quantum states for the tightness of the bound are also presented. The approach enables us to give the necessary and sufficient conditions of violating the Svetlichny inequality (SI) for several quantum states, including the white and color noised Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. The relation between the genuine multipartite entanglement concurrence and the maximal quantum value of the Svetlichny operators for mixed GHZ class states is also discussed. As the SI is useful for the investigation of GMNL, our results give an effective and operational method to detect the GMNL for three-qubit mixed states.

Digital Low Level RF Systems for Fermilab Main Ring and Tevatron

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chase, B.; Barnes, B.; Meisner, K.

1997-05-01

At Fermilab, a new Low Level RF system is successfully installed and operating in the Main Ring. Installation is proceeding for a Tevatron system. This upgrade replaces aging CAMAC/NIM components for an increase in accuracy, reliability, and flexibility. These VXI systems are based on a custom three channel direct digital synthesizer(DDS) module. Each synthesizer channel is capable of independent or ganged operation for both frequency and phase modulation. New frequency and phase values are computed at a 100kHz rate on the module's Analog Devices ADSP21062 (SHARC) digital signal processor. The DSP concurrently handles feedforward, feedback, and beam manipulations. Higher level state machines and the control system interface are handled at the crate level using the VxWorks operating system. This paper discusses the hardware, software and operational aspects of these LLRF systems.

A measurement-based study of concurrency in a multiprocessor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcguire, Patrick John

1987-01-01

A systematic measurement-based methodology for characterizing the amount of concurrency present in a workload, and the effect of concurrency on system performance indices such as cache miss rate and bus activity are developed. Hardware and software instrumentation of an Alliant FX/8 was used to obtain data from a real workload environment. Results show that 35% of the workload is concurrent, with the concurrent periods typically using all available processors. Measurements of periods of change in concurrency show uneven usage of processors during these times. Other system measures, including cache miss rate and processor bus activity, are analyzed with respect to the concurrency measures. Probability of a cache miss is seen to increase with concurrency. The change in cache miss rate is much more sensitive to the fraction of concurrent code in the worklaod than the number of processors active during concurrency. Regression models are developed to quantify the relationships between cache miss rate, bus activity, and the concurrency measures. The model for cache miss rate predicts an increase in the median miss rate value as much as 300% for a 100% increase in concurrency in the workload.

Language Issues in Mobile Program Security

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-01-01

primitives for instance synchronous operations Nondeterminism and Privacy Now suppose we introduce nondeterminism via a simple concurrent language...code setting is that the only observable events are those that can be observed from within a mobile program using language primitives and any host...Possibilistic NI is given in It uses a main thread and two triggered threads each with a busy wait loop implementing a semaphore to copy every bit of

A Model of Workflow Composition for Emergency Management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xin, Chen; Bin-ge, Cui; Feng, Zhang; Xue-hui, Xu; Shan-shan, Fu

The common-used workflow technology is not flexible enough in dealing with concurrent emergency situations. The paper proposes a novel model for defining emergency plans, in which workflow segments appear as a constituent part. A formal abstraction, which contains four operations, is defined to compose workflow segments under constraint rule. The software system of the business process resources construction and composition is implemented and integrated into Emergency Plan Management Application System.

Weather Radar Studies

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-31

radar operation and data - collection activities, a large data -analysis effort has been under way in support of automatic wind-shear detection algorithm ...REDUCTION AND ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT 49 A. General-Purpose Software 49 B. Concurrent Computer Systems 49 C. Sun Workstations 51 D. Radar Data Analysis 52...1. Algorithm Verification 52 2. Other Studies 53 3. Translations 54 4. Outside Distributions 55 E. Mesonet/LLWAS Data Analysis 55 1. 1985 Data 55 2

Concurrent development of fault management hardware and software in the SSM/PMAD. [Space Station Module/Power Management And Distribution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Freeman, Kenneth A.; Walsh, Rick; Weeks, David J.

1988-01-01

Space Station issues in fault management are discussed. The system background is described with attention given to design guidelines and power hardware. A contractually developed fault management system, FRAMES, is integrated with the energy management functions, the control switchgear, and the scheduling and operations management functions. The constraints that shaped the FRAMES system and its implementation are considered.

Towards Unmanned Systems for Dismounted Operations in the Canadian Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

LIDAR , and RADAR) and lower power/mass, passive imaging techniques such as structure from motion and simultaneous localisation and mapping ( SLAM ...sensors and learning algorithms. 5.1.2 Simultaneous localisation and mapping SLAM algorithms concurrently estimate a robot pose and a map of unique...locations and vehicle pose are part of the SLAM state vector and are estimated in each update step. AISS developed a monocular camera-based SLAM

Initial Experience of US Marine Corps Forward Resuscitative Surgical System during Operation Iraqi Freedom

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

lavage, and splinting. Exter- nal fixation was used when there was concurrent vascular pro- cedures or if fractures were extremely unstable...foot open fracture Completion lower extremity amputation; completion right upper amputation; external fixation right ankle 8/Iraqi child Class 3 shock...infection Comminuted mandible fracture with loss of airway (casualty 1 in Table 2) Airway control Infection of mandibular plate at echelon 5 facility

The Retention of Tank Crewman Skills

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-12-01

omitted since they were being tested in a concurrent study ( Maitland , Eaton, and Neff, 1979). • Selected common tasks (e.g., first aid), covered in...Component Training for Operating and Maintaining the M48A5 Tank. Alexandria, Virginia: Humar Resources Research Organization (HumRRO), 1977. Maitland ...Driver. . . . 43 49 CHARGE IAN -UAL ELEVATION SYSTEM ............ 60 59 35 25 Rotated the manual elevation handle to depress the main gun until the handle

Model-Driven Test Generation of Distributed Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Easwaran, Arvind; Hall, Brendan; Schweiker, Kevin

2012-01-01

This report describes a novel test generation technique for distributed systems. Utilizing formal models and formal verification tools, spe cifically the Symbolic Analysis Laboratory (SAL) tool-suite from SRI, we present techniques to generate concurrent test vectors for distrib uted systems. These are initially explored within an informal test validation context and later extended to achieve full MC/DC coverage of the TTEthernet protocol operating within a system-centric context.

Human factor design of habitable space facilities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Clearwater, Yvonne A.

1987-01-01

Current fundamental and applied habitability research conducted as part of the U.S. space program is reviewed with emphasis on methods, findings, and applications of the results to the planning and design of the International Space Station. The discussion covers the following six concurrent directions of habitability research: operational simulation, functional interior decor research, space crew privacy requirements, interior layout and configuration analysis, human spatial habitability model, and analogous environments research.

End-to-End Concurrent Multipath Transfer Using Transport Layer Multihoming

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-07-01

Department,Newark, DE ,19716 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S... Systems , Inc. My thanks to all for their generous funding that made this research possible. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT...SCTP implementation, which is written for the BSD family of operating systems . This implementation effort was funded by Cisco Systems , with the goal of

Image Processing Using a Parallel Architecture.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-01

ENG/87D-25 Abstract This study developed a set o± low level image processing tools on a parallel computer that allows concurrent processing of images...environment, the set of tools offers a significant reduction in the time required to perform some commonly used image processing operations. vI IMAGE...step toward developing these systems, a structured set of image processing tools was implemented using a parallel computer. More important than

A Bayesian additive model for understanding public transport usage in special events.

PubMed

Rodrigues, Filipe; Borysov, Stanislav; Ribeiro, Bernardete; Pereira, Francisco

2016-12-02

Public special events, like sports games, concerts and festivals are well known to create disruptions in transportation systems, often catching the operators by surprise. Although these are usually planned well in advance, their impact is difficult to predict, even when organisers and transportation operators coordinate. The problem highly increases when several events happen concurrently. To solve these problems, costly processes, heavily reliant on manual search and personal experience, are usual practice in large cities like Singapore, London or Tokyo. This paper presents a Bayesian additive model with Gaussian process components that combines smart card records from public transport with context information about events that is continuously mined from the Web. We develop an efficient approximate inference algorithm using expectation propagation, which allows us to predict the total number of public transportation trips to the special event areas, thereby contributing to a more adaptive transportation system. Furthermore, for multiple concurrent event scenarios, the proposed algorithm is able to disaggregate gross trip counts into their most likely components related to specific events and routine behavior. Using real data from Singapore, we show that the presented model outperforms the best baseline model by up to 26% in R2 and also has explanatory power for its individual components.

Concurrent Umbilical Hernia Repair at the Time of Liver Transplantation: A Six-Year Experience from a Single Institution

PubMed Central

Perez, A. J.; Haskins, I. N.; Prabhu, A. S.; Krpata, D. M.; Tu, C.; Rosenblatt, S.; Hashimoto, K.; Diago, T.; Eghtesad, B.; Rosen, M. l. J.

2018-01-01

Background: Umbilical hernias are common in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation. Management of those persisting at the time of liver transplantation is important to define. Objective: To evaluate the long-term results of patients undergoing simultaneous primary umbilical hernia repair (UHR) at the time of liver transplantation at a single institution. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on patients undergoing simultaneous UHR and liver transplantation from 2010 through 2016. 30-day morbidity and mortality outcomes and long-term hernia recurrence were investigated. Results: 59 patients had primary UHR at the time of liver transplantation. All hernias were reducible with no overlying skin breakdown or leakage of ascites. 30-day morbidity and mortality included 5 (8%) superficial surgical site infections, 1 (2%) deep surgical site infection, and 7 (12%) organ space infections. Unrelated to the UHR, 10 (17%) patients had an unplanned return to the operating room, 16 (27%) were readmitted within 30 days of their index operation, and 1 (2%) patient died. With a mean follow-up of 21.8 months, 7 (18%) patients experienced an umbilical hernia recurrence. Conclusion: Despite the high perioperative morbidity associated with the transplant procedure, concurrent primary UHR resulted in an acceptable long-term recurrence rate with minimal associated morbidity. PMID:29531643

Concurrent Umbilical Hernia Repair at the Time of Liver Transplantation: A Six-Year Experience from a Single Institution.

PubMed

Perez, A J; Haskins, I N; Prabhu, A S; Krpata, D M; Tu, C; Rosenblatt, S; Hashimoto, K; Diago, T; Eghtesad, B; Rosen, M L J

2018-01-01

Umbilical hernias are common in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation. Management of those persisting at the time of liver transplantation is important to define. To evaluate the long-term results of patients undergoing simultaneous primary umbilical hernia repair (UHR) at the time of liver transplantation at a single institution. Retrospective chart review was performed on patients undergoing simultaneous UHR and liver transplantation from 2010 through 2016. 30-day morbidity and mortality outcomes and long-term hernia recurrence were investigated. 59 patients had primary UHR at the time of liver transplantation. All hernias were reducible with no overlying skin breakdown or leakage of ascites. 30-day morbidity and mortality included 5 (8%) superficial surgical site infections, 1 (2%) deep surgical site infection, and 7 (12%) organ space infections. Unrelated to the UHR, 10 (17%) patients had an unplanned return to the operating room, 16 (27%) were readmitted within 30 days of their index operation, and 1 (2%) patient died. With a mean follow-up of 21.8 months, 7 (18%) patients experienced an umbilical hernia recurrence. Despite the high perioperative morbidity associated with the transplant procedure, concurrent primary UHR resulted in an acceptable long-term recurrence rate with minimal associated morbidity.

A Parallel Vector Machine for the PM Programming Language

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bellerby, Tim

2016-04-01

PM is a new programming language which aims to make the writing of computational geoscience models on parallel hardware accessible to scientists who are not themselves expert parallel programmers. It is based around the concept of communicating operators: language constructs that enable variables local to a single invocation of a parallelised loop to be viewed as if they were arrays spanning the entire loop domain. This mechanism enables different loop invocations (which may or may not be executing on different processors) to exchange information in a manner that extends the successful Communicating Sequential Processes idiom from single messages to collective communication. Communicating operators avoid the additional synchronisation mechanisms, such as atomic variables, required when programming using the Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) paradigm. Using a single loop invocation as the fundamental unit of concurrency enables PM to uniformly represent different levels of parallelism from vector operations through shared memory systems to distributed grids. This paper describes an implementation of PM based on a vectorised virtual machine. On a single processor node, concurrent operations are implemented using masked vector operations. Virtual machine instructions operate on vectors of values and may be unmasked, masked using a Boolean field, or masked using an array of active vector cell locations. Conditional structures (such as if-then-else or while statement implementations) calculate and apply masks to the operations they control. A shift in mask representation from Boolean to location-list occurs when active locations become sufficiently sparse. Parallel loops unfold data structures (or vectors of data structures for nested loops) into vectors of values that may additionally be distributed over multiple computational nodes and then split into micro-threads compatible with the size of the local cache. Inter-node communication is accomplished using standard OpenMP and MPI. Performance analyses of the PM vector machine, demonstrating its scaling properties with respect to domain size and the number of processor nodes will be presented for a range of hardware configurations. The PM software and language definition are being made available under unrestrictive MIT and Creative Commons Attribution licenses respectively: www.pm-lang.org.

Archaeological field survey automation: concurrent multisensor site mapping and automated analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Józefowicz, Mateusz; Sokolov, Oleksandr; Meszyński, Sebastian; Siemińska, Dominika; Kołosowski, Przemysław

2016-04-01

ABM SE develops mobile robots (rovers) used for analog research of Mars exploration missions. The rovers are all-terrain exploration platforms, carrying third-party payloads: scientific instrumentation. "Wisdom" ground penetrating radar for Exomars mission has been tested onboard, as well as electrical resistivity module and other devices. Robot has operated in various environments, such as Central European countryside, Dachstein ice caves or Sahara, Morocco (controlled remotely via satellite from Toruń, Poland. Currently ABM SE works on local and global positioning system for a Mars rover basing on image and IMU data. This is performed under a project from ESA. In the next Mars rover missions a Mars GIS model will be build, including an acquired GPR profile, DEM and regular image data, integrated into a concurrent 3D terrain model. It is proposed to use similar approach in surveys of archaeological sites, especially those, where solid architecture remains can be expected at shallow depths or being partially exposed. It is possible to deploy a rover that will concurrently map a selected site with GPR, 2D and 3D cameras to create a site model. The rover image processing algorithms are capable of automatic tracing of distinctive features (such as exposed structure remains on a desert ground, differences in color of the ground, etc.) and to mark regularities on a created map. It is also possible to correlate the 3D map with an aerial photo taken under any angle to achieve interpretation synergy. Currently the algorithms are an interpretation aid and their results must be confirmed by a human. The advantages of a rover over traditional approaches, such as a manual cart or a drone include: a) long hours of continuous work or work in unfavorable environment, such as high desert, frozen water pools or large areas, b) concurrent multisensory data acquisition, c) working from the ground level enables capturing of sites obstructed from the air (trees), d) it is possible to control the platform from a remote location via satellite, with only servicing person on the site and the survey team operating from their office, globally. The method is under development. The team contributing to the project includes also: Oleksii Sokolov, Michał Koepke, Krzysztof Rydel, Michał Stypczyński, Maciej Ślęk, Łukasz Zapała, Michał Dąbrowski.

Developments in the treatment of Chiari type 1 malformations over the past decade

PubMed Central

Pyne, Alexandra; Horn, Samantha R.; Poorman, Gregory W.; Janjua, Muhammad B.; Vasquez-Montes, Dennis; Bortz, Cole A.; Segreto, Frank A.; Frangella, Nicholas J.; Siow, Matthew Y.; Sure, Akhila; Zhou, Peter L.; Moon, John Y.; Diebo, Bassel G.; Vira, Shaleen N.

2018-01-01

Background Chiari malformations type 1 (CM-1), a developmental anomaly of the posterior fossa, usually presents in adolescence or early adulthood. There are few studies on the national incidence of CM-1, taking into account outcomes based on concurrent diagnoses. To quantify trends in treatment and associated diagnoses, as retrospective review of the Kid’s Inpatient Database (KID) from 2003-2012 was conducted. Methods Patients aged 0–20 with primary diagnosis of CM-1 in the KID database were identified. Demographics and concurrent diagnoses were analyzed using chi-squared and t-tests for categorical and numerical variables, respectively. Trends in diagnosis, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Five thousand four hundred and thirty-eight patients were identified in the KID database with a primary diagnosis of CM-1 (10.5 years, 55% female). CM-1 primary diagnoses have increased over time (45 to 96 per 100,000). CM-1 patients had the following concurrent diagnoses: 23.8% syringomyelia/syringobulbia, 11.5% scoliosis, 5.9% hydrocephalus, 2.2% tethered cord syndrome. Eighty-three point four percent of CM-1 patients underwent surgical treatment, and rate of surgical treatment for CM-1 increased from 2003–2012 (66% to 72%, P<0.001) though complication rate decreased (7% to 3%, P<0.001) and mortality rates remained constant. Seventy percent of surgeries involved decompression-only, which increased neurologic complications compared to fusions (P=0.039). Cranial decompressions decreased from 2003–2012 (42.2–30.5%) while spinal decompressions increased (73.1–77.4%). Fusion rates have increased over time (0.45% to 1.8%) and are associated with higher complications than decompression-only (11.9% vs. 4.7%). Seven point four percent of patients experienced at least one peri-operative complication (nervous system, dysphagia, respiratory most common). Patients with concurrent hydrocephalus had increased; nervous system, respiratory and urinary complications (P<0.006) and syringomyelia increased the rate of respiratory complications (P=0.037). Conclusions CM-1 diagnoses have increased in the last decade. Despite the decrease in overall complication rates, fusions are becoming more common and are associated with higher peri-operative complication rates. Commonly associated diagnoses including syringomyelia and hydrocephalus, can dramatically increase complication rates. PMID:29732422

Quantum discord with weak measurement operators of quasi-Werner states based on bipartite entangled coherent states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, E.; Gómez, R.; Ladera, C. L.; Zambrano, A.

2013-11-01

Among many applications quantum weak measurements have been shown to be important in exploring fundamental physics issues, such as the experimental violation of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation and the Hardy paradox, and have also technological implications in quantum optics, quantum metrology and quantum communications, where the precision of the measurement is as important as the precision of quantum state preparation. The theory of weak measurement can be formulated using the pre-and post-selected quantum systems, as well as using the weak measurement operator formalism. In this work, we study the quantum discord (QD) of quasi-Werner mixed states based on bipartite entangled coherent states using the weak measurements operator, instead of the projective measurement operators. We then compare the quantum discord for both kinds of measurement operators, in terms of the entanglement quality, the latter being measured using the concept of concurrence. It's found greater quantum correlations using the weak measurement operators.

Project W-211 Initial Tank Retrieval Systems (ITRS) Description of Operations for 241-AZ-102

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

BRIGGS, S.R.

2000-02-25

The primary purpose of the Initial Tank Retrieval Systems (ITRS) is to provide systems for retrieval of radioactive wastes stored in underground double-shell tanks (DSTs) for transfer to alternate storage, evaporation, pretreatment or treatment, while concurrently reducing risks associated with safety watch list and other DSTs. This Description of Operation (DOO) defines the control philosophy for the waste retrieval system for Tank 241-AZ-102 (AZ-102). This DOO provides a basis for the detailed design of the Project W-211 Retrieval Control System (RCS) for AZ-102 and also establishes test criteria for the RCS.

Concurrent variation of response bias and sensitivity in an operant-psychophysical test.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Terman, M.; Terman, J. S.

1972-01-01

The yes-no signal detection procedure was applied to a single-response operant paradigm in which rats discriminated between a standard auditory intensity and attenuated comparison values. The payoff matrix was symmetrical (with reinforcing brain stimulation for correct detections and brief time-out for errors), but signal probability and intensity differences were varied to generate a family of isobias and isosensitivity functions. The d' parameter remained fairly constant across a wide range of bias levels. Isobias functions deviated from a strict matching strategy as discrimination difficulty increased, although an orderly relation was maintained between signal probability value and the degree and direction of response bias.

Challenges in the 1990's for astronaut training simulators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brown, Patrick M.; Hajare, Ankur R.; Stark, George E.

1990-01-01

New challenges for the simulation community at the Johnson Space Center both in near and long terms are considered. In the near term, the challenges of supporting an increasing flight rate, maintaining operations while replacing obsolete subsystems, and incorporating forthcoming changes to the Space Shuttle are discussed, and focus is placed on a change of forward flight-deck instruments from electro-mechanical devices to electronic displays. Training astronauts for complex concurrent missions involving multiple spacecraft and geographically dispersed ground facilities is considered to be foremost of the long-term challenges, in addition to the tasks of improving the simulator reliability and the operational efficiency of the facilities.

Method and apparatus for measuring spatial uniformity of radiation

DOEpatents

Field, Halden

2002-01-01

A method and apparatus for measuring the spatial uniformity of the intensity of a radiation beam from a radiation source based on a single sampling time and/or a single pulse of radiation. The measuring apparatus includes a plurality of radiation detectors positioned on planar mounting plate to form a radiation receiving area that has a shape and size approximating the size and shape of the cross section of the radiation beam. The detectors concurrently receive portions of the radiation beam and transmit electrical signals representative of the intensity of impinging radiation to a signal processor circuit connected to each of the detectors and adapted to concurrently receive the electrical signals from the detectors and process with a central processing unit (CPU) the signals to determine intensities of the radiation impinging at each detector location. The CPU displays the determined intensities and relative intensity values corresponding to each detector location to an operator of the measuring apparatus on an included data display device. Concurrent sampling of each detector is achieved by connecting to each detector a sample and hold circuit that is configured to track the signal and store it upon receipt of a "capture" signal. A switching device then selectively retrieves the signals and transmits the signals to the CPU through a single analog to digital (A/D) converter. The "capture" signal. is then removed from the sample-and-hold circuits. Alternatively, concurrent sampling is achieved by providing an A/D converter for each detector, each of which transmits a corresponding digital signal to the CPU. The sampling or reading of the detector signals can be controlled by the CPU or level-detection and timing circuit.

Reliability and validity of a smartphone pulse rate application for the assessment of resting and elevated pulse rate.

PubMed

Mitchell, Katy; Graff, Megan; Hedt, Corbin; Simmons, James

2016-08-01

Purpose/hypothesis: This study was designed to investigate the test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and the standard error of measurement (SEm) of a pulse rate assessment application (Azumio®'s Instant Heart Rate) on both Android® and iOS® (iphone operating system) smartphones as compared to a FT7 Polar® Heart Rate monitor. Number of subjects: 111. Resting (sitting) pulse rate was assessed twice and then the participants were asked to complete a 1-min standing step test and then immediately re-assessed. The smartphone assessors were blinded to their measurements. Test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC 2,1] and 95% confidence interval) for the three tools at rest (time 1/time 2): iOS® (0.76 [0.67-0.83]); Polar® (0.84 [0.78-0.89]); and Android® (0.82 [0.75-0.88]). Concurrent validity at rest time 2 (ICC 2,1) with the Polar® device: IOS® (0.92 [0.88-0.94]) and Android® (0.95 [0.92-0.96]). Concurrent validity post-exercise (time 3) (ICC) with the Polar® device: iOS® (0.90 [0.86-0.93]) and Android® (0.94 [0.91-0.96]). The SEm values for the three devices at rest: iOS® (5.77 beats per minute [BPM]), Polar® (4.56 BPM) and Android® (4.96 BPM). The Android®, iOS®, and Polar® devices showed acceptable test-retest reliability at rest and post-exercise. Both the smartphone platforms demonstrated concurrent validity with the Polar® at rest and post-exercise. The Azumio® Instant Heart Rate application when used by either platform appears to be a reliable and valid tool to assess pulse rate in healthy individuals.

Evaluation criteria for district health management information systems: lessons from the Ministry of Health, Kenya.

PubMed

Odhiambo-Otieno, George W

2005-01-01

There has been no comprehensive evaluation of the district health management information systems (DHMISs) since the establishment of these systems by the Ministry of Health (MoH), in Kenya. This is partly due to lack of defined criteria for evaluating the systems. The objective of this study is to design evaluation criteria for assessing the viability, sustainability and ultimate contribution of DHMIS in the management of the district health system (DHS) in Kenya. This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken in three DHSs in Kenya. Empirical evidence was collected through interviews, complemented by a comprehensive review of relevant literature, reports and operational manuals of various health information systems in Kenya. A set of evaluation criteria for DHMISs in Kenya was designed for each of the three phases of implementation: phase one-pre-implementation evaluation criteria (categorized as policy and objectives, technical feasibility, financial viability, political viability and administrative operability) to be applied at the design stage; phase two-concurrent (operational) implementation evaluation criteria to be applied during implementation of the new system; phase three-post-implementation evaluation criteria (classified as internal-quality of information; external-resources and managerial support; ultimate-systems impact) to be applied after operating the implemented system for at least 3 years. In designing a DHMIS model there is need to have built-in these three sets of evaluation criteria which should be used in a phased manner. Pre-implementation evaluation criteria should be used to evaluate the system's viability before more resources are committed to its implementation; concurrent (operational) implementation evaluation criteria should be used to ascertain the status of the on-going implementation with the view to either fine-tune or abandon it altogether before more resources are used on it; and post-implementation evaluation criteria should be used to assess its overall effectiveness (if it has achieved its hypothesized benefits) towards the management of DHS.

Numerical method for computing Maass cusp forms on triply punctured two-sphere

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chan, K. T.; Kamari, H. M.; Zainuddin, H.

2014-03-05

A quantum mechanical system on a punctured surface modeled on hyperbolic space has always been an important subject of research in mathematics and physics. This corresponding quantum system is governed by the Schrödinger equation whose solutions are the Maass waveforms. Spectral studies on these Maass waveforms are known to contain both continuous and discrete eigenvalues. The discrete eigenfunctions are usually called the Maass Cusp Forms (MCF) where their discrete eigenvalues are not known analytically. We introduce a numerical method based on Hejhal and Then algorithm using GridMathematica for computing MCF on a punctured surface with three cusps namely the triplymore » punctured two-sphere. We also report on a pullback algorithm for the punctured surface and a point locater algorithm to facilitate the complete pullback which are essential parts of the main algorithm.« less

Methods and Costs to Achieve Ultra Reliable Life Support

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, Harry W.

2012-01-01

A published Mars mission is used to explore the methods and costs to achieve ultra reliable life support. The Mars mission and its recycling life support design are described. The life support systems were made triply redundant, implying that each individual system will have fairly good reliability. Ultra reliable life support is needed for Mars and other long, distant missions. Current systems apparently have insufficient reliability. The life cycle cost of the Mars life support system is estimated. Reliability can be increased by improving the intrinsic system reliability, adding spare parts, or by providing technically diverse redundant systems. The costs of these approaches are estimated. Adding spares is least costly but may be defeated by common cause failures. Using two technically diverse systems is effective but doubles the life cycle cost. Achieving ultra reliability is worth its high cost because the penalty for failure is very high.

Magnetic exchange couplings from noncollinear perturbation theory: dinuclear CuII complexes.

PubMed

Phillips, Jordan J; Peralta, Juan E

2014-08-07

To benchmark the performance of a new method based on noncollinear coupled-perturbed density functional theory [J. Chem. Phys. 138, 174115 (2013)], we calculate the magnetic exchange couplings in a series of triply bridged ferromagnetic dinuclear Cu(II) complexes that have been recently synthesized [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15, 1966 (2013)]. We find that for any basis-set the couplings from our noncollinear coupled-perturbed methodology are practically identical to those of spin-projected energy-differences when a hybrid density functional approximation is employed. This demonstrates that our methodology properly recovers a Heisenberg description for these systems, and is robust in its predictive power of magnetic couplings. Furthermore, this indicates that the failure of density functional theory to capture the subtle variation of the exchange couplings in these complexes is not simply an artifact of broken-symmetry methods, but rather a fundamental weakness of current approximate density functionals for the description of magnetic couplings.

Theoretical and Experimental Triple Differential Cross Sections for Electron Impact Ionization of SF6

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chaluvadi, Hari; Nixon, Kate; Murray, Andrew; Ning, Chuangang; Colgan, James; Madison, Don

2014-10-01

Experimental and theoretical Triply Differential Cross Sections (TDCS) will be presented for electron-impact ionization of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) for the molecular orbital 1t1g. M3DW (molecular 3-body distorted wave) results will be compared with experiment for coplanar geometry and for perpendicular plane geometry (a plane which is perpendicular to the incident beam direction). In both cases, the final state electron energies and observation angles are symmetric and the final state electron energies range from 5 eV to 40 eV. It will be shown that there is a large difference between using the OAMO (orientation averaged molecular orbital) approximation and the proper average over all orientations and also that the proper averaged results are in much better agreement with experiment. Work supported by NSF under Grant Number PHY-1068237. Computational work was performed with Institutional resources made available through Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Luminescent properties of Ln3+ doped tellurite glasses containing AlF3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walas, Michalina; Pastwa, Agata; Lewandowski, Tomasz; Synak, Anna; Gryczyński, Ignacy; Sadowski, Wojciech; Kościelska, Barbara

2016-09-01

The low-phonon energy tellurite glasses TeO2-BaO-Bi2O3 and TeO2-BaO-Bi2O3-AlF3 triply doped with Eu3+, Tb3+, Tm3+ ions in two different molar ratios were synthesized using melt-quenching technique. Their structure and luminescence properties were widely investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL). The luminescence spectra of Eu3+, Tb3+, Tm3+ co-doped glasses show apart of the bands corresponding to the 4f-4f transitions of lanthanide ions also band corresponding to glass matrix. AlF3 doping increases emission intensity, although to improve overall emission color further studies on molar composition of samples and the molar ratio of the components should be carried out.

On the plethora of representations arising in noncommutative quantum mechanics and an explicit construction of noncommutative 4-tori

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chowdhury, S. Hasibul Hassan

2017-06-01

We construct a 2-parameter family of unitarily equivalent irreducible representations of the triply extended group GNC of translations of R4 associated with a family of its 4-dimensional coadjoint orbits and show how a continuous 2-parameter family of gauge potentials emerges from these unitarily equivalent representations. We show that the Landau and the symmetric gauges of noncommutative quantum mechanics, widely used in the literature, in fact, belong to this 2-parameter family of gauges. We also provide an explicit construction of noncommutative 4-tori and compute the associated star products using the unitary dual of the group GNC that was studied at length in an earlier paper [S. H. H. Chowdhury and S. T. Ali, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47, 085301 (2014)]. Finally, we construct projective modules over such noncommutative 4-tori and compute constant curvature connections on them using Rieffel's method.

Communication: Reactivity borrowing in the mode selective chemistry of H + CHD3 → H2 + CD3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ellerbrock, Roman; Manthe, Uwe

2017-12-01

Quantum state-resolved reaction probabilities for the H + CHD3 → H2 + CD3 reaction are calculated by accurate full-dimensional quantum dynamics calculations using the multi-layer multi-configurational time-dependent Hartree approach and the quantum transition state concept. Reaction probabilities of various ro-vibrational states of the CHD3 reactant are investigated for vanishing total angular momentum. While the reactivity of the different vibrational states of CHD3 mostly follows intuitive patterns, an unusually large reaction probability is found for CHD3 molecules triply excited in the CD3 umbrella-bending vibration. This surprising reactivity can be explained by a Fermi resonance-type mixing of the single CH-stretch excited and the triple CD3 umbrella-bend excited vibrational states of CHD3. These findings show that resonant energy transfer can significantly affect the mode-selective chemistry of CHD3 and result in counter-intuitive reactivity patterns.

'Triply cursed': racism, homophobia and HIV-related stigma are barriers to regular HIV testing, treatment adherence and disclosure among young Black gay men.

PubMed

Arnold, Emily A; Rebchook, Gregory M; Kegeles, Susan M

2014-06-01

In the USA, young Black gay men are disproportionately impacted upon by HIV. In this qualitative study consisting of in-depth interviews with 31 young Black gay men and nine service providers, where we used thematic analysis to guide our interpretations, we found that HIV-related stigma and homophobia, within the larger societal context of racism, were related to sexual risk behaviour, reluctance to obtain HIV testing or care, lower adherence to treatment medication, and non-disclosure of a positive HIV status to sexual partners. Participants experienced homophobia and HIV-related stigma from churches and families within the Black community and from friends within the Black gay community, which otherwise provide support in the face of racism. Vulnerability to HIV was related to strategies that young Black gay men enacted to avoid being stigmatised or as a way of coping with alienation and rejection.

Sensitizing of pyrene fluorescence by β-cyclodextrin-modified TiO2 nanoparticles.

PubMed

Shown, Indrajit; Ujihara, Masaki; Imae, Toyoko

2010-12-15

TiO(2) nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrolysis of tetraisopropyl orthotitanate in an aqueous solution of cyclodextrin. The β-cyclodextrin-modified spherical TiO(2) nanoparticles were water-dispersible and had an average particle diameter of 4.4 ± 1 nm. Pyrene fluorescence was enhanced by increasing the concentration of β-cyclodextrin-modified TiO(2) nanoparticle and the sensitization effect was triply stronger than the case of the β-cyclodextrin only. The increase in a concentration of host (β-cyclodextrin) changes its microenvironment for guest (pyrene), that is, the interaction of pyrene with apolar cavity of β-cyclodextrin increases, resulting in enhancement of fluorescence. The sensitization behavior of pyrene fluorescence in the presence of TiO(2) nanoparticles occurs from the increase in the extinction coefficient of pyrene, demonstrating the charge transfer between pyrene and metal oxide nanoparticle. Crown Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A TPMS-based method for modeling porous scaffolds for bionic bone tissue engineering.

PubMed

Shi, Jianping; Zhu, Liya; Li, Lan; Li, Zongan; Yang, Jiquan; Wang, Xingsong

2018-05-09

In the field of bone defect repair, gradient porous scaffolds have received increased attention because they provide a better environment for promoting tissue regeneration. In this study, we propose an effective method to generate bionic porous scaffolds based on the TPMS (triply periodic minimal surface) and SF (sigmoid function) methods. First, cortical bone morphological features (e.g., pore size and distribution) were determined for several regions of a rabbit femoral bone by analyzing CT-scans. A finite element method was used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the bone at these respective areas. These results were used to place different TPMS substructures into one scaffold domain with smooth transitions. The geometrical parameters of the scaffolds were optimized to match the elastic properties of a human bone. With this proposed method, a functional gradient porous scaffold could be designed and produced by an additive manufacturing method.

Characterizing Distributed Concurrent Engineering Teams: A Descriptive Framework for Aerospace Concurrent Engineering Design Teams

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chattopadhyay, Debarati; Hihn, Jairus; Warfield, Keith

2011-01-01

As aerospace missions grow larger and more technically complex in the face of ever tighter budgets, it will become increasingly important to use concurrent engineering methods in the development of early conceptual designs because of their ability to facilitate rapid assessments and trades in a cost-efficient manner. To successfully accomplish these complex missions with limited funding, it is also essential to effectively leverage the strengths of individuals and teams across government, industry, academia, and international agencies by increased cooperation between organizations. As a result, the existing concurrent engineering teams will need to increasingly engage in distributed collaborative concurrent design. This paper is an extension of a recent white paper written by the Concurrent Engineering Working Group, which details the unique challenges of distributed collaborative concurrent engineering. This paper includes a short history of aerospace concurrent engineering, and defines the terms 'concurrent', 'collaborative' and 'distributed' in the context of aerospace concurrent engineering. In addition, a model for the levels of complexity of concurrent engineering teams is presented to provide a way to conceptualize information and data flow within these types of teams.

Project W-211, initial tank retrieval systems, description of operations for 241-AP-102 and 241-AP-104

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

RIECK, C.A.

1999-02-25

The primary purpose of the Initial Tank Retrieval Systems (ITRS) is to provide systems for retrieval of radioactive wastes stored in underground double-shell tanks (DSTS) for transfer to alternate storage, evaporation, pretreatment or treatment, while concurrently reducing risks associated with safety watch list and other DSTs. This Description of Operations (DOO) defines the control philosophy for the waste retrieval system for tanks 241-AP-102 (AP-102) and 241-AP-104 (AP-104). This DOO will provide a basis for the detailed design of the Retrieval Control System (RCS) for AP-102 and AP-104 and establishes test criteria for the RCS. The test criteria will be usedmore » during qualification testing and acceptance testing to verify operability.« less

Standardized Uptake Decrease on [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Is a Prognostic Classifier for Long-Term Outcome After Multimodality Treatment: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial for Resectable Stage IIIA/B Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

PubMed

Pöttgen, Christoph; Gauler, Thomas; Bellendorf, Alexander; Guberina, Maja; Bockisch, Andreas; Schwenzer, Nina; Heinzelmann, Frank; Cordes, Sebastian; Schuler, Martin H; Welter, Stefan; Stamatis, Georgios; Friedel, Godehard; Darwiche, Kaid; Jöckel, Karl-Heinz; Eberhardt, Wilfried; Stuschke, Martin

2016-07-20

A confirmatory analysis was performed to determine the prognostic value of metabolic response during induction chemotherapy followed by bimodality/trimodality treatment of patients with operable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Patients with potentially operable stage IIIA(N2) or selected stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer received three cycles of cisplatin/paclitaxel (induction chemotherapy) followed by neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) to 45 Gy (1.5 Gy twice per day concurrent cisplatin/vinorelbine) within the ESPATUE (Phase III Study of Surgery Versus Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Boost in Patients With Resectable Stage IIIA[N2] and Selected IIIB Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Induction Chemotherapy and Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy) trial. Positron emission tomography scans were recommended before (t0) and after (t2) induction chemotherapy. Patients who were eligible for surgery after neoadjuvant RCT were randomly assigned to definitive RCT or surgery. The prognostic value of percentage of maximum standardized uptake value (%SUVmax) remaining in the primary tumor after induction chemotherapy-%SUVremaining = SUVmax(t2)/SUVmax(t0)-was assessed by proportional hazard analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Overall, 161 patients were randomly assigned (155 from the Essen and Tübingen centers), and 124 of these received positron emission tomography scans at t0 and t2. %SUVremaining as a continuous variable was prognostic for the three end points of overall survival, progression-free survival, and freedom from extracerebral progression in univariable and multivariable analysis (P < .016). The respective hazard ratios per 50% increase in %SUVremaining from multivariable analysis were 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4; P < .001), 1.8 (95% CI, 1.3 to 2.5; P < .001), and 1.8 (95% CI, 1.2 to 2.7; P = .006) for the three end points. %SUVremaining dichotomized at a cut point of maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity from receiver operating characteristic analysis at 36 months was also prognostic. Exploratory analysis revealed that %SUVremaining was likewise prognostic for overall survival in both treatment arms and was more closely associated with extracerebral distant metastases (P = .016) than with isolated locoregional relapses (P = .97). %SUVremaining is a predictor for survival and other end points after multimodality treatment and can serve as a parameter for treatment stratification after induction chemotherapy or for evaluation of adjuvant new systemic treatment options for high-risk patients. © 2016 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Shifting attention across near and far spaces: implications for the use of hands-free cell phones while driving.

PubMed

Ferlazzo, Fabio; Fagioli, Sabrina; Di Nocera, Francesco; Sdoia, Stefano

2008-11-01

In three experiments, participants performed two tasks concurrently during driving. In the peripheral detection task, they responded manually to visual stimuli delivered through a LED placed on the internal rear mirror; in the conversation task, they were engaged in a conversation with a passenger, or through earphone-operated, loudspeaker-operated, or hand-held cell phones. Results showed that drivers were slower at responding to the visual stimuli when conversing through a hand-held cell phone or an earphone-operated cell phone than when conversing through a loudspeaker-operated cell phone or with a passenger. These results suggest that due to the brain coding the space into multiple representations, devices that make phone conversations taking place in the near, personal space make drivers slower at responding to visual stimuli, compared to devices that make the conversation occurring in a far space.

Concurrently adjusting interrelated control parameters to achieve optimal engine performance

DOEpatents

Jiang, Li; Lee, Donghoon; Yilmaz, Hakan; Stefanopoulou, Anna

2015-12-01

Methods and systems for real-time engine control optimization are provided. A value of an engine performance variable is determined, a value of a first operating condition and a value of a second operating condition of a vehicle engine are detected, and initial values for a first engine control parameter and a second engine control parameter are determined based on the detected first operating condition and the detected second operating condition. The initial values for the first engine control parameter and the second engine control parameter are adjusted based on the determined value of the engine performance variable to cause the engine performance variable to approach a target engine performance variable. In order to cause the engine performance variable to approach the target engine performance variable, adjusting the initial value for the first engine control parameter necessitates a corresponding adjustment of the initial value for the second engine control parameter.

A development framework for artificial intelligence based distributed operations support systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Adler, Richard M.; Cottman, Bruce H.

1990-01-01

Advanced automation is required to reduce costly human operations support requirements for complex space-based and ground control systems. Existing knowledge based technologies have been used successfully to automate individual operations tasks. Considerably less progress has been made in integrating and coordinating multiple operations applications for unified intelligent support systems. To fill this gap, SOCIAL, a tool set for developing Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) systems is being constructed. SOCIAL consists of three primary language based components defining: models of interprocess communication across heterogeneous platforms; models for interprocess coordination, concurrency control, and fault management; and for accessing heterogeneous information resources. DAI applications subsystems, either new or existing, will access these distributed services non-intrusively, via high-level message-based protocols. SOCIAL will reduce the complexity of distributed communications, control, and integration, enabling developers to concentrate on the design and functionality of the target DAI system itself.

Aerobic plate counts and ATP levels correlate with Listeria monocytogenes detection in retail delis.

PubMed

Hammons, Susan R; Stasiewicz, Matthew J; Roof, Sherry; Oliver, Haley F

2015-04-01

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes an estimated 1,591 cases of illness and 255 deaths annually in the United States, the majority of which are attributed to ready-to-eat deli meats processed in retail delis. Because retail delis distribute product directly to consumers, rapid methods to validate cleaning and sanitation are needed to improve retail food safety. This study investigated the relationships among ATP levels, standard aerobic plate count (APC), and L. monocytogenes presence in fully operational delis. Fifteen full-service delis were concurrently sampled for ATP, APC, and L. monocytogenes during preoperational hours once monthly for 3 months. Fifteen additional delis were recruited for 6 months of operational sampling (n = 30). A 1-log increase in APC was equivalent to a 3.3-fold increase in the odds of detecting L. monocytogenes (P < 0.001) and a 1.9-log increase in L monocytogenes population (P = 0.03). An ATP level increase of 1 log relative light unit correlated to a 0.22-log increase in APC (P < 0.001). A preoperational ATP level mean increase by 1 log relative light unit increased the odds of detecting L. monocytogenes concurrently fourfold. A 0.5-log increase in mean ATP level during preoperational sampling corresponded to a 2% increase in the predicted L. monocytogenes prevalence during operation (P < 0.01). Additionally, 10 statistically representative sites were identified and recommended for use in sanitation monitoring programs. Our data support the use of ATP as a rapid method to validate effective cleaning and sanitation to reduce L. monocytogenes in retail delis.

The AP1000{sup R} nuclear power plant innovative features for extended station blackout mitigation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vereb, F.; Winters, J.; Schulz, T.

2012-07-01

Station Blackout (SBO) is defined as 'a condition wherein a nuclear power plant sustains a loss of all offsite electric power system concurrent with turbine trip and unavailability of all onsite emergency alternating current (AC) power system. Station blackout does not include the loss of available AC power to buses fed by station batteries through inverters or by alternate AC sources as defined in this section, nor does it assume a concurrent single failure or design basis accident...' in accordance with Reference 1. In this paper, the innovative features of the AP1000 plant design are described with their operation inmore » the scenario of an extended station blackout event. General operation of the passive safety systems are described as well as the unique features which allow the AP1000 plant to cope for at least 7 days during station blackout. Points of emphasis will include: - Passive safety system operation during SBO - 'Fail-safe' nature of key passive safety system valves; automatically places the valve in a conservatively safe alignment even in case of multiple failures in all power supply systems, including normal AC and battery backup - Passive Spent Fuel Pool cooling and makeup water supply during SBO - Robustness of AP1000 plant due to the location of key systems, structures and components required for Safe Shutdown - Diverse means of supplying makeup water to the Passive Containment Cooling System (PCS) and the Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) through use of an engineered, safety-related piping interface and portable equipment, as well as with permanently installed onsite ancillary equipment. (authors)« less

Concurrent Performance of Gunner’s and Robotic Operator’s Tasks in a Simulated Mounted Combat System Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

Appendix A. Demographic Questionnaire 25 Appendix B. Attentional Control Survey 27 Appendix C. NASA - TLX Questionnaire 29 Appendix D. Simulator...the National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index ( NASA - TLX ) questionnaire (appendix C) (Hart & Staveland, 1988). The NASA - TLX is a...There were 2-minute breaks between experimental sessions. Participants assessed their workload using the NASA - TLX after they completed each

Weld braze technique

DOEpatents

Kanne, Jr., William R.; Kelker, Jr., John W.; Alexander, Robert J.

1982-01-01

High-strength metal joints are formed by a combined weld-braze technique. A hollow cylindrical metal member is forced into an undersized counterbore in another metal member with a suitable braze metal disposed along the bottom of the counterbore. Force and current applied to the members in an evacuated chamber results in the concurrent formation of the weld along the sides of the counterbore and a braze along the bottom of the counterbore in one continuous operation.

Impact of Mining Development on an Isolated Rural Community: The Case of Cuba, New Mexico. New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report 301.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ives, Berry; Eastman, Clyde

When it commenced operation in 1971, the Nacimiento Copper Mine provided 135 new jobs. This was about half of the 278 new permanent jobs created in Cuba, New Mexico, from 1970 to 1974. Concurrent and independent development of the Checkerboard Health Clinic and expansion of the school system accounted for most of the remaining new employment.…

Coal/Biomass-to-Liquids Demonstration Testing for DLA Energy: Report on Project Tests, Evaluations, and Recommendations

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-20

elevated temperatures with sub- stoichiometric oxygen to produce primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide (called syngas). Syngas can be used for the...of the gasifier and flows downward concurrently with nitrogen, pure oxygen , and steam. The EFG operates at very high temperatures (nominal 2,700... temperature slagging gasifiers), these components are cracked and thermally converted to product gas, especially in the presence of steam and oxygen . For

Criterion and Concurrent Validity of the activPAL™ Professional Physical Activity Monitor in Adolescent Females

PubMed Central

Dowd, Kieran P.; Harrington, Deirdre M.; Donnelly, Alan E.

2012-01-01

Background The activPAL has been identified as an accurate and reliable measure of sedentary behaviour. However, only limited information is available on the accuracy of the activPAL activity count function as a measure of physical activity, while no unit calibration of the activPAL has been completed to date. This study aimed to investigate the criterion validity of the activPAL, examine the concurrent validity of the activPAL, and perform and validate a value calibration of the activPAL in an adolescent female population. The performance of the activPAL in estimating posture was also compared with sedentary thresholds used with the ActiGraph accelerometer. Methodologies Thirty adolescent females (15 developmental; 15 cross-validation) aged 15–18 years performed 5 activities while wearing the activPAL, ActiGraph GT3X, and the Cosmed K4B2. A random coefficient statistics model examined the relationship between metabolic equivalent (MET) values and activPAL counts. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine activity thresholds and for cross-validation. The random coefficient statistics model showed a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.93 (standard error of the estimate = 1.13). An optimal moderate threshold of 2997 was determined using mixed regression, while an optimal vigorous threshold of 8229 was determined using receiver operating statistics. The activPAL count function demonstrated very high concurrent validity (r = 0.96, p<0.01) with the ActiGraph count function. Levels of agreement for sitting, standing, and stepping between direct observation and the activPAL and ActiGraph were 100%, 98.1%, 99.2% and 100%, 0%, 100%, respectively. Conclusions These findings suggest that the activPAL is a valid, objective measurement tool that can be used for both the measurement of physical activity and sedentary behaviours in an adolescent female population. PMID:23094069

Reliability and validity of the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale scores: a group intelligence test.

PubMed

Uno, Yota; Mizukami, Hitomi; Ando, Masahiko; Yukihiro, Ryoji; Iwasaki, Yoko; Ozaki, Norio

2014-01-01

The present study evaluated the reliability and concurrent validity of the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale, which is an intelligence test that can be administered on groups within a short period of time. The new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition were administered to 81 subjects (mean age ± SD 15.2 ± 0.7 years) residing in a juvenile detention home; reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and concurrent validity was assessed using the one-way analysis of variance intraclass correlation coefficient. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic analysis for screening for individuals who have a deficit in intellectual function (an FIQ<70) was performed. In addition, stratum-specific likelihood ratios for detection of intellectual disability were calculated. The Cronbach's alpha for the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale IQ (BIQ) was 0.86, and the intraclass correlation coefficient with FIQ was 0.83. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.96). In addition, the stratum-specific likelihood ratio for the BIQ≤65 stratum was 13.8 (95% CI: 3.9-48.9), and the stratum-specific likelihood ratio for the BIQ≥76 stratum was 0.1 (95% CI: 0.03-0.4). Thus, intellectual disability could be ruled out or determined. The present results demonstrated that the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale score had high reliability and concurrent validity with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition score. Moreover, the post-test probability for the BIQ could be calculated when screening for individuals who have a deficit in intellectual function. The new Tanaka B Intelligence Test is convenient and can be administered within a variety of settings. This enables evaluation of intellectual development even in settings where performing intelligence tests have previously been difficult.

Reliability and Validity of the New Tanaka B Intelligence Scale Scores: A Group Intelligence Test

PubMed Central

Uno, Yota; Mizukami, Hitomi; Ando, Masahiko; Yukihiro, Ryoji; Iwasaki, Yoko; Ozaki, Norio

2014-01-01

Objective The present study evaluated the reliability and concurrent validity of the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale, which is an intelligence test that can be administered on groups within a short period of time. Methods The new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition were administered to 81 subjects (mean age ± SD 15.2±0.7 years) residing in a juvenile detention home; reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and concurrent validity was assessed using the one-way analysis of variance intraclass correlation coefficient. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic analysis for screening for individuals who have a deficit in intellectual function (an FIQ<70) was performed. In addition, stratum-specific likelihood ratios for detection of intellectual disability were calculated. Results The Cronbach’s alpha for the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale IQ (BIQ) was 0.86, and the intraclass correlation coefficient with FIQ was 0.83. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85–0.96). In addition, the stratum-specific likelihood ratio for the BIQ≤65 stratum was 13.8 (95% CI: 3.9–48.9), and the stratum-specific likelihood ratio for the BIQ≥76 stratum was 0.1 (95% CI: 0.03–0.4). Thus, intellectual disability could be ruled out or determined. Conclusion The present results demonstrated that the new Tanaka B Intelligence Scale score had high reliability and concurrent validity with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition score. Moreover, the post-test probability for the BIQ could be calculated when screening for individuals who have a deficit in intellectual function. The new Tanaka B Intelligence Test is convenient and can be administered within a variety of settings. This enables evaluation of intellectual development even in settings where performing intelligence tests have previously been difficult. PMID:24940880

Ti-6Al-4V triply periodic minimal surface structures for bone implants fabricated via selective laser melting.

PubMed

Yan, Chunze; Hao, Liang; Hussein, Ahmed; Young, Philippe

2015-11-01

Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures have already been shown to be a versatile source of biomorphic scaffold designs. Therefore, in this work, Ti-6Al-4V Gyroid and Diamond TPMS lattices having an interconnected high porosity of 80-95% and pore sizes in the range of 560-1600 μm and 480-1450 μm respectively were manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) for bone implants. The manufacturability, microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices were evaluated. Comparison between 3D micro-CT reconstructed models and original CAD models of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices shows excellent reproduction of the designs. The as-built Ti-6Al-4V struts exhibit the microstructure of columnar grains filled with very fine and orthogonally oriented α' martensitic laths with the width of 100-300 nm and have the microhardness of 4.01 ± 0.34 GPa. After heat treatment at 680°C for 4h, the α' martensite was converted to a mixture of α and β, in which the α phase being the dominant fraction is present as fine laths with the width of 500-800 nm and separated by a small amount of narrow, interphase regions of dark β phase. Also, the microhardness is decreased to 3.71 ± 0.35 GPa due to the coarsening of the microstructure. The 80-95% porosity TPMS lattices exhibit a comparable porosity with trabecular bone, and the modulus is in the range of 0.12-1.25 GPa and thus can be adjusted to the modulus of trabecular bone. At the same range of porosity of 5-10%, the moduli of cortical bone and of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices are in a similar range. Therefore, the modulus and porosity of Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices can be tailored to the levels of human bones and thus reduce or avoid "stress shielding" and increase longevity of implants. Due to the biomorphic designs, and high interconnected porosity and stiffness comparable to human bones, SLM-made Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices can be a promising material for load bearing bone implants. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Study of the influence of the bridge on the magnetic coupling in cobalt(II) complexes.

PubMed

Fabelo, Oscar; Cañadillas-Delgado, Laura; Pasán, Jorge; Delgado, Fernando S; Lloret, Francesc; Cano, Joan; Julve, Miguel; Ruiz-Pérez, Catalina

2009-12-07

Two new cobalt(II) complexes of formula [Co(2)(bta)(H(2)O)(6)](n) x 2nH(2)O (1) and [Co(phda)(H(2)O)](n) x nH(2)O (2) [H(4)bta = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, H(2)phda = 1,4-phenylenediacetic acid] have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 is a one-dimensional compound where the bta(4-) ligand acts as 2-fold connector between the cobalt(II) ions through two carboxylate groups in para-conformation. Triply bridged dicobalt(II) units occur within each chain, a water molecule, a carboxylate group in the syn-syn conformation, and an oxo-carboxylate with the mu(2)O(1);kappa(2)O(1),O(2) coordination mode acting as bridges. Compound 2 is a three-dimensional compound, where the phda(2-) group acts as a bridge through its two carboxylate groups, one of them adopting the mu-O,O' coordination mode in the syn-syn conformation and the other exhibiting the single mu(2)-O'' bridging mode. As in 1, chains of cobalt(II) ions occur in 2 with a water molecule, a syn-syn carboxylate group, and an oxo-carboxylate constitute the triply intrachain bridging skeleton. Each chain is linked to other four ones through the phda(2-) ligand, giving rise to the three-dimensional structure. The values of the intrachain cobalt-cobalt separation are 3.1691(4) (1) and 3.11499(2) A (2) whereas those across the phenyl ring of the extended bta(4-) (1) and phda(2-) (2) groups are 10.1120(6) and 11.4805(69 A, respectively. The magnetic properties of 1 and 2 have been investigated in the temperature range 1.9-300 K, and their analysis has revealed the occurrence of moderate intrachain ferromagnetic couplings [J = +5.4 (1) and +2.16 cm(-1) (2), J being the isotropic magnetic coupling parameter], the magnetic coupling through the extended bta(4-) and phda(2-) with cobalt-cobalt separations larger than 10 A being negligible. The nature and magnitude of the magnetic interactions between the high-spin cobalt(II) ions in 1 and 2 are compared to those of related systems and discussed as a function of the complementarity-countercomplementarity effects of the triple bridges.

Intensified High-Dose Chemoradiotherapy With Induction Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer-Safety and Toxicity Results Within a Prospective Trial

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Poettgen, Christoph, E-mail: christoph.poettgen@uk-essen.d; Eberhardt, Wilfried E.; Gauler, Thomas

2010-03-01

Purpose: To analyze the toxicity profile of an intensified definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) schedule in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (Stage IIIA N2/selected IIIB) treated within a prospective multicenter trial. Patients and Methods: After mediastinoscopy and routine staging procedures, three cycles of induction chemotherapy (cisplatin 50 mg/m{sup 2}, Days 1 and 8; paclitaxel 175 mg/m{sup 2} Day 1, every 21 days) were planned, followed by concurrent CRT (accelerated-hyperfractionated regimen, 45 Gy, 2 x 1.5 Gy/d, cisplatin 50 mg/m{sup 2}, Days 64 and 71, vinorelbine 20 mg/m{sup 2}, Days 64 and 71). At 45 Gy, a multidisciplinary panel decision wasmore » made regarding operability. Inoperable patients received definitive radiotherapy (total dose 65 or 71 Gy, depending on the mean lung dose) with additional concurrent chemotherapy (cisplatin 40 mg/m{sup 2}, Day 85; vinorelbine 15 mg/m{sup 2}, Days 85 and 92). Results: A total of 28 patients (23 men and 5 women; median age, 58 years; range 41-73; Stage IIIA in 3 and Stage IIIB in 25) were judged ineligible for surgery by the multidisciplinary panel and underwent definitive CRT (75% of the patients received 71 Gy). The maximum toxicity (Grade 3 or greater) during induction chemotherapy included leukopenia (11%) and anemia (4%). During concurrent CRT, leukopenia (Grade 3 or greater) was observed in 39% of the patients. The maximal nonhematologic toxicity during concurrent CRT included esophagitis (Grade 3 or greater) in 18% and pneumonitis (Grade 3 or greater) in 4% of the patients. At 3 years, the locoregional control rate was 52% (95% confidence interval, 29-75%) and the overall survival rate was 31% (95% confidence interval, 12-50%). Conclusion: This intensified treatment protocol with induction chemotherapy and concurrent CRT, including hyperfractionated-accelerated RT, showed only moderate toxicity and proved feasible. This treatment represents the definitive CRT arm of our ongoing multicenter randomized trial comparing definitive CRT and trimodality treatment.« less

Concurrent validity, discriminatory power and feasibility of the instrument for Identification of Parents At Risk for child Abuse and Neglect (IPARAN)

PubMed Central

Horrevorts, Esther M B; van Grieken, Amy; Mieloo, Cathelijne L; Hafkamp-de Groen, Esther; Bannink, Rienke; Bouwmeester-Landweer, Merian B R; Broeren, Suzanne; Raat, Hein

2017-01-01

Objectives To determine the feasibility, concurrent validity and discriminatory power of the instrument for Identification of Parents At Risk for child Abuse and Neglect (IPARAN) among Dutch parents with a newborn child. Setting Community paediatrics. Participants Data from a controlled trial were used. In total, 2659 Dutch parents with a newborn child were invited to participate. Of the 2659 parents, 759 parents filled in the consent form and participated in the study. Primary and secondary outcome measures Concurrent validity was determined by calculating correlations—using the Pearson’s correlation (r)—between the IPARAN score and related constructs from the following instruments: the Empowerment Questionnaire 2.0, the Family Functioning Questionnaire and the Parenting Stress Questionnaire. Discriminatory power was determined by calculating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves between high-risk mothers and low-risk mothers according to their scores on the related constructs. Feasibility was determined by examining the percentage of missing answers. Results In terms of concurrent validity, we found that 3 out of 12 correlations between the IPARAN score and related constructs were strong (ie, r>0.50) and 4 out of 12 were medium (ie, r=0.30–0.49). In terms of discriminatory power, mothers with a score in the borderline/clinical range or lowest 10 percent (P10) range of the related constructs (high-risk mothers) had a higher IPARAN score than mothers with a score in the normal range or highest 90 percent (P90) range of the related constructs (low-risk mothers). Effect sizes varied from d=0.37 to d=1.93, and the area under the ROC curve varied from 0.62 to 0.93. Regarding feasibility, the part of the IPARAN filled in by the mother had on average 0.7% missing answers, whereas the part of the IPARAN filled in by the father had on average 1.7% missing answers. Conclusion The results of this study support the concurrent validity, discriminatory power and feasibility of the IPARAN among a population of Dutch parents with a newborn child. PMID:28838892

Stimulus-reinforcer relations established during training determine resistance to extinction and relapse via reinstatement.

PubMed

Bai, John Y H; Jonas Chan, C K; Elliffe, Douglas; Podlesnik, Christopher A

2016-11-01

The baseline rate of a reinforced target response decreases with the availability of response-independent sources of alternative reinforcement; however, resistance to disruption and relapse increases. Because many behavioral treatments for problem behavior include response-dependent reinforcement of alternative behavior, the present study assessed whether response-dependent alternative reinforcement also decreases baseline response rates but increases resistance to extinction and relapse. We reinforced target responding at equal rates across two components of a multiple schedule with pigeons. We compared resistance to extinction and relapse via reinstatement of (1) a target response trained concurrently with a reinforced alternative response in one component with (2) a target response trained either concurrently or in separate components from the alternative response across conditions. Target response rates trained alone in baseline were higher but resistance to extinction and relapse via reinstatement tests were greater after training concurrently with the alternative response. In another assessment, training target and alternative responding together, but separating them during extinction and reinstatement tests, produced equal resistance to extinction and relapse. Together, these findings are consistent with behavioral momentum theory-operant response-reinforcer relations determined baseline response rates but Pavlovian stimulus-reinforcer relations established during training determined resistance to extinction and relapse. These findings imply that reinforcing alternative behavior to treat problem behavior could initially reduce rates but increase persistence. © 2016 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.

What is the optimal way to prepare a Bell state using measurement and feedback?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin, Leigh; Sayrafi, Mahrud; Whaley, K. Birgitta

2017-12-01

Recent work has shown that the use of quantum feedback can significantly enhance both the speed and success rate of measurement-based remote entanglement generation, but it is generally unknown what feedback protocols are optimal for these tasks. Here we consider two common measurements that are capable of projecting into pairwise entangled states, namely half- and full-parity measurements of two qubits, and determine in each case a globally optimal protocol for generation of entanglement. For the half-parity measurement, we rederive a previously described protocol using more general methods and prove that it is globally optimal for several figures of merit, including maximal concurrence or fidelity and minimal time to reach a specified concurrence or fidelity. For the full-parity measurement, we derive a protocol for rapid entanglement generation related to that of (Hill, Ralph, Phys. Rev. A 77, 014305), and then map the dynamics of the concurrence of the state to the Bloch vector length of an effective qubit. This mapping allows us to prove several optimality results for feedback protocols with full-parity measurements. We further show that our full-parity protocol transfers entanglement optimally from one qubit to the other amongst all measurement-based schemes. The methods developed here will be useful for deriving feedback protocols and determining their optimality properties in many other quantum systems subject to measurement and unitary operations.

Preoperative chemoradiation of locally advanced T3 rectal cancer combined with an endorectal boost

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jakobsen, Anders; Mortensen, John P.; Bisgaard, Claus

2006-02-01

Purpose: To investigate the effect and feasibility of concurrent radiation and chemotherapy combined with endorectal brachytherapy in T3 rectal cancer with complete pathologic remission as end point. Methods and Materials: The study included 50 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. All patients had T3 tumor with a circumferential margin 0-5 mm on a magnetic resonance imaging scan. The radiotherapy was delivered by a technique including two planning target volumes. Clinical target volume 1 (CTV1) received 60 Gy/30 fractions, and CTV2 received 48.6 Gy/27 fractions. The tumor dose was raised to 65 Gy with endorectal brachytherapy 5 Gy/1 fraction to the tumor bed.more » On treatment days, the patients received uracil and tegafur 300 mg/m2 concurrently with radiotherapy. Results: Forty-eight patients underwent operation. Histopathologic tumor regression was assessed by the Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) system. TRG1 was recorded in 27% of the patients, and a further 27% were classified as TRG2. TRG3 was found in 40%, and 6% had TRG4. The toxicity was low. Conclusion: The results indicate that high-dose radiation with concurrent chemotherapy and endorectal brachytherapy is feasible with a high rate of complete response, but further trials are needed to define its possible role as treatment option.« less

The role of metrics and measurements in a software intensive total quality management environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daniels, Charles B.

1992-01-01

Paramax Space Systems began its mission as a member of the Rockwell Space Operations Company (RSOC) team which was the successful bidder on a massive operations consolidation contract for the Mission Operations Directorate (MOD) at JSC. The contract awarded to the team was the Space Transportation System Operations Contract (STSOC). Our initial challenge was to accept responsibility for a very large, highly complex and fragmented collection of software from eleven different contractors and transform it into a coherent, operational baseline. Concurrently, we had to integrate a diverse group of people from eleven different companies into a single, cohesive team. Paramax executives recognized the absolute necessity to develop a business culture based on the concept of employee involvement to execute and improve the complex process of our new environment. Our executives clearly understood that management needed to set the example and lead the way to quality improvement. The total quality management policy and the metrics used in this endeavor are presented.

Total Probability of Collision as a Metric for Finite Conjunction Assessment and Collision Risk Management

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frigm, Ryan C.; Hejduk, Matthew D.; Johnson, Lauren C.; Plakalovic, Dragan

2015-01-01

On-orbit collision risk is becoming an increasing mission risk to all operational satellites in Earth orbit. Managing this risk can be disruptive to mission and operations, present challenges for decision-makers, and is time-consuming for all parties involved. With the planned capability improvements to detecting and tracking smaller orbital debris and capacity improvements to routinely predict on-orbit conjunctions, this mission risk will continue to grow in terms of likelihood and effort. It is very real possibility that the future space environment will not allow collision risk management and mission operations to be conducted in the same manner as it is today. This paper presents the concept of a finite conjunction assessment-one where each discrete conjunction is not treated separately but, rather, as a continuous event that must be managed concurrently. The paper also introduces the Total Probability of Collision as an analogous metric for finite conjunction assessment operations and provides several options for its usage in a Concept of Operations.

Optical multiple access techniques for on-board routing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mendez, Antonio J.; Park, Eugene; Gagliardi, Robert M.

1992-01-01

The purpose of this research contract was to design and analyze an optical multiple access system, based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) techniques, for on board routing applications on a future communication satellite. The optical multiple access system was to effect the functions of a circuit switch under the control of an autonomous network controller and to serve eight (8) concurrent users at a point to point (port to port) data rate of 180 Mb/s. (At the start of this program, the bit error rate requirement (BER) was undefined, so it was treated as a design variable during the contract effort.) CDMA was selected over other multiple access techniques because it lends itself to bursty, asynchronous, concurrent communication and potentially can be implemented with off the shelf, reliable optical transceivers compatible with long term unattended operations. Temporal, temporal/spatial hybrids and single pulse per row (SPR, sometimes termed 'sonar matrices') matrix types of CDMA designs were considered. The design, analysis, and trade offs required by the statement of work selected a temporal/spatial CDMA scheme which has SPR properties as the preferred solution. This selected design can be implemented for feasibility demonstration with off the shelf components (which are identified in the bill of materials of the contract Final Report). The photonic network architecture of the selected design is based on M(8,4,4) matrix codes. The network requires eight multimode laser transmitters with laser pulses of 0.93 ns operating at 180 Mb/s and 9-13 dBm peak power, and 8 PIN diode receivers with sensitivity of -27 dBm for the 0.93 ns pulses. The wavelength is not critical, but 830 nm technology readily meets the requirements. The passive optical components of the photonic network are all multimode and off the shelf. Bit error rate (BER) computations, based on both electronic noise and intercode crosstalk, predict a raw BER of (10 exp -3) when all eight users are communicating concurrently. If better BER performance is required, then error correction codes (ECC) using near term electronic technology can be used. For example, the M(8,4,4) optical code together with Reed-Solomon (54,38,8) encoding provides a BER of better than (10 exp -11). The optical transceiver must then operate at 256 Mb/s with pulses of 0.65 ns because the 'bits' are now channel symbols.

IUPAC critical evaluation of the rotational-vibrational spectra of water vapor. Part IV. Energy levels and transition wavenumbers for D216O, D217O, and D218O

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tennyson, Jonathan; Bernath, Peter F.; Brown, Linda R.; Campargue, Alain; Császár, Attila G.; Daumont, Ludovic; Gamache, Robert R.; Hodges, Joseph T.; Naumenko, Olga V.; Polyansky, Oleg L.; Rothman, Laurence S.; Vandaele, Ann Carine; Zobov, Nikolai F.; Dénes, Nóra; Fazliev, Alexander Z.; Furtenbacher, Tibor; Gordon, Iouli E.; Hu, Shui-Ming; Szidarovszky, Tamás; Vasilenko, Irina A.

2014-07-01

This paper is the fourth of a series of papers reporting critically evaluated rotational-vibrational line positions, transition intensities, pressure dependences, and energy levels, with associated critically reviewed assignments and uncertainties, for all the main isotopologues of water. This paper presents energy level and transition data for the following doubly and triply substituted isotopologues of water: D216O, D217O, and D218O. The MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) procedure is used to determine the levels, the lines, and their self-consistent uncertainties for the spectral regions 0-14 016, 0-7969, and 0-9108 cm-1 for D216O, D217O, and D218O, respectively. For D216O, D217O, and D218O, 53 534, 600, and 12 167 lines are considered, respectively, from spectra recorded in absorption at room temperature and in emission at elevated temperatures. The number of validated energy levels is 12 269, 338, and 3351 for D216O, D217O, and D218O, respectively. The energy levels have been checked against the ones determined, with an average accuracy of about 0.03 cm-1, from variational rovibrational computations employing exact kinetic energy operators and an accurate potential energy surface. Furthermore, the rovibrational labels of the energy levels have been validated by an analysis of the computed wavefunctions using the rigid-rotor decomposition (RRD) scheme. The extensive list of MARVEL lines and levels obtained is deposited in the Supplementary Material of this paper, in a distributed information system applied to water, W@DIS, and on the official MARVEL website, where they can easily be retrieved.

Tandem mass spectrometric analysis of novel peptide-modified gemini surfactants used as gene delivery vectors.

PubMed

Al-Dulaymi, M; El-Aneed, A

2017-06-01

Diquaternary ammonium gemini surfactants have emerged as effective gene delivery vectors. A novel series of 11 peptide-modified compounds was synthesized, showing promising results in delivering genetic materials. The purpose of this work is to elucidate the tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) dissociation behavior of these novel molecules establishing a generalized MS/MS fingerprint. Exact mass measurements were achieved using a hybrid quadrupole orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and a multi-stage MS/MS analysis was conducted using a triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Both instruments were operated in the positive ionization mode and are equipped with electrospray ionization. Abundant triply charged [M+H] 3+ species were observed in the single-stage analysis of all the evaluated compounds with mass accuracies of less than 8 ppm in mass error. MS/MS analysis showed that the evaluated gemini surfactants exhibited peptide-related dissociation characteristics because of the presence of amino acids within the compounds' spacer region. In particular, diagnostic product ions were originated from the neutral loss of ammonia from the amino acids' side chain resulting in the formation of pipecolic acid at the N-terminus part of the gemini surfactants. In addition, a charge-directed amide bond cleavage was initiated by the amino acids' side chain producing a protonated α-amino-ε-caprolactam ion and its complimentary C-terminus ion that contains quaternary amines. MS/MS and MS 3 analysis revealed common fragmentation behavior among all tested compounds, resulting in the production of a universal MS/MS fragmentation pathway. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A novel visual hardware behavioral language

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Li, Xueqin; Cheng, H. D.

1992-01-01

Most hardware behavioral languages just use texts to describe the behavior of the desired hardware design. This is inconvenient for VLSI designers who enjoy using the schematic approach. The proposed visual hardware behavioral language has the ability to graphically express design information using visual parallel models (blocks), visual sequential models (processes) and visual data flow graphs (which consist of primitive operational icons, control icons, and Data and Synchro links). Thus, the proposed visual hardware behavioral language can not only specify hardware concurrent and sequential functionality, but can also visually expose parallelism, sequentiality, and disjointness (mutually exclusive operations) for the hardware designers. That would make the hardware designers capture the design ideas easily and explicitly using this visual hardware behavioral language.

Lay Worker Health Literacy: A Concept Analysis and Operational Definition.

PubMed

Cadman, Kathleen Paco

2017-10-01

The concept of lay worker health literacy is created by concurrently analyzing and synthesizing two intersecting concepts, lay workers and health literacy. Articulation of this unique intersection is the result of implementing a simplified Wilson's Concept Analysis Procedure. This process incorporates the following components: a) selecting a concept, b) determining the aims/purposes of analysis, c) identifying all uses of the concept, d) determining defining attributes, e) identifying a model case, f) identifying borderline, related, contrary, and illegitimate cases, g) identifying antecedents and consequences, and h) defining empirical referents. Furthermore, as current literature provides no operational definition for lay worker health literacy, one is created to contribute cohesion to the concept. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Piezotube borehole seismic source

DOEpatents

Daley, Tom M; Solbau, Ray D; Majer, Ernest L

2014-05-06

A piezoelectric borehole source capable of permanent or semipermanent insertion into a well for uninterrupted well operations is described. The source itself comprises a series of piezoelectric rings mounted to an insulative mandrel internally sized to fit over a section of well tubing, the rings encased in a protective housing and electrically connected to a power source. Providing an AC voltage to the rings will cause expansion and contraction sufficient to create a sonic pulse. The piezoelectric borehole source fits into a standard well, and allows for uninterrupted pass-through of production tubing, and other tubing and electrical cables. Testing using the source may be done at any time, even concurrent with well operations, during standard production.

Quadruple cancer including Bowen's disease after arsenic injections 40 years earlier: report of a case.

PubMed

Murata, K; Iwazawa, T; Takayama, T; Yamashita, K; Okagawa, K

1994-01-01

This report describes the successful treatment of quadruple cancer including Bowen's disease in a 71-year-old man who had been given injections of salvarsan, an arsenic compound, for syphilis more than 40 years earlier. Resection of a skin lesion on his chest subsequently confirmed a diagnosis of Bowen's disease, 3 years after which he was operated on for concurrent gastric cancer and sigmoid colon cancer. A fourth cancer was discovered on his left vocal cord 2 weeks after this operation; it was resected 2 years later. A discussion of multiple malignant neoplasms and the possible relationship between arsenic and cancer is presented following this case report.

Bi-Level Integrated System Synthesis (BLISS) for Concurrent and Distributed Processing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sobieszczanski-Sobieski, Jaroslaw; Altus, Troy D.; Phillips, Matthew; Sandusky, Robert

2002-01-01

The paper introduces a new version of the Bi-Level Integrated System Synthesis (BLISS) methods intended for optimization of engineering systems conducted by distributed specialty groups working concurrently and using a multiprocessor computing environment. The method decomposes the overall optimization task into subtasks associated with disciplines or subsystems where the local design variables are numerous and a single, system-level optimization whose design variables are relatively few. The subtasks are fully autonomous as to their inner operations and decision making. Their purpose is to eliminate the local design variables and generate a wide spectrum of feasible designs whose behavior is represented by Response Surfaces to be accessed by a system-level optimization. It is shown that, if the problem is convex, the solution of the decomposed problem is the same as that obtained without decomposition. A simplified example of an aircraft design shows the method working as intended. The paper includes a discussion of the method merits and demerits and recommendations for further research.

Universal programming interface with concurrent access

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alferov, Oleg

2004-10-07

There exist a number of devices with a positioning nature of operation, such as mechanical linear stages, temperature controllers, or filterwheels with discrete state, and most of them have different programming interfaces. The Universal Positioner software suggests the way to handle all of them is with a single approach, whereby a particular hardware driver is created from the template and by translating the actual commands used by the hardware to and from the universal programming interface. The software contains the universal API module itself, the demo simulation of hardware, and the front-end programs to help developers write their own softwaremore » drivers along with example drivers for actual hardware controllers. The software allows user application programs to call devices simultaneously without race conditions (multitasking and concurrent access). The template suggested in this package permits developers to integrate various devices easily into their applications using the same API. The drivers can be stacked; i.e., they can call each other via the same interface.« less

Mermin inequalities for GHZ contradictions in many-qutrit systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lawrence, Walter

In view of recent experimental interest in multi-qutrit entanglement properties, we provide here new Mermin inequalities for use in experimental tests of many-qutrit GHZ contradictions, first predicted only recently (2013). Mermin inequalities refer here to Bell-like inequalities in which the quantum predictions are not probabilistic, thus elevating hidden variables to the status of EPR elements of reality. Earlier Bell inequalities for qutrits predate the discovery of GHZ contradictions, are based on non-concurrent observable sets, and hence cannot establish GHZ contradictions. The current Mermin inequalities are derived from those concurrent observable sets which produce GHZ contradictions, with the following results: (i) There is an operator M defined for every N >= 4 , built on two measurement bases, whose quantum eigenvalue grows as 2N, maximum classical value more slowly (1 .879N), with quantum to classical ratio being never less than 1.39, and (ii) For N = 3 , there is an M3, built on three local measurement bases, whose quantum to classical ratio is 3/2.

The general matching law describes choice on concurrent variable-interval schedules of wheel-running reinforcement.

PubMed

Belke, T W; Belliveau, J

2001-05-01

Six male Wistar rats were exposed to concurrent variable-interval schedules of wheel-running reinforcement. The reinforcer associated with each alternative was the opportunity to run for 15 s, and the duration of the changeover delay was 1 s. Results suggested that time allocation was more sensitive to relative reinforcement rate than was response allocation. For time allocation, the mean slopes and intercepts were 0.82 and 0.008, respectively. In contrast, for response allocation, mean slopes and intercepts were 0.60 and 0.03, respectively. Correction for low response rates and high rates of changing over, however, increased slopes for response allocation to about equal those for time allocation. The results of the present study suggest that the two-operant form of the matching law can be extended to wheel-running reinforcement. 'I'he effects of a low overall response rate, a short Changeover delay, and long postreinforcement pausing on the assessment of matching in the present study are discussed.

Adaptive subdomain modeling: A multi-analysis technique for ocean circulation models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Altuntas, Alper; Baugh, John

2017-07-01

Many coastal and ocean processes of interest operate over large temporal and geographical scales and require a substantial amount of computational resources, particularly when engineering design and failure scenarios are also considered. This study presents an adaptive multi-analysis technique that improves the efficiency of these computations when multiple alternatives are being simulated. The technique, called adaptive subdomain modeling, concurrently analyzes any number of child domains, with each instance corresponding to a unique design or failure scenario, in addition to a full-scale parent domain providing the boundary conditions for its children. To contain the altered hydrodynamics originating from the modifications, the spatial extent of each child domain is adaptively adjusted during runtime depending on the response of the model. The technique is incorporated in ADCIRC++, a re-implementation of the popular ADCIRC ocean circulation model with an updated software architecture designed to facilitate this adaptive behavior and to utilize concurrent executions of multiple domains. The results of our case studies confirm that the method substantially reduces computational effort while maintaining accuracy.

New technologies for space avionics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aibel, David W.; Dingus, Peter; Lanciault, Mark; Hurdlebrink, Debra; Gurevich, Inna; Wenglar, Lydia

1994-01-01

This report reviews a 1994 effort that continued 1993 investigations into issues associated with the definition of requirements, with the practice concurrent engineering and rapid prototyping in the context of the development of a prototyping of a next-generation reaction jet driver controller. This report discusses lessons learned, the testing of the current prototype, the details of the current design, and the nature and performance of a mathematical model of the life cycle of a pilot operated valve solenoid.

The embedded software life cycle - An expanded view

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Larman, Brian T.; Loesh, Robert E.

1989-01-01

Six common issues that are encountered in the development of software for embedded computer systems are discussed from the perspective of their interrelationships with the development process and/or the system itself. Particular attention is given to concurrent hardware/software development, prototyping, the inaccessibility of the operational system, fault tolerance, the long life cycle, and inheritance. It is noted that the life cycle for embedded software must include elements beyond simply the specification and implementation of the target software.

Impact Upon California School Districts of Senate Bill 90 of 1972 and Assembly Bill 1267 of 1973. A Report to the California Legislature as Required by Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 54.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Bureau of School Apportionments and Reports.

This report analyzes the impact of California's 1972 Senate Bill 90 and 1973 Assembly Bill 1267 as they have affected public school finance in California. The portions of SB 90 and AB 1267 that pertain to operating school districts contain general property tax rollback and revenue limit features, as well as mechanisms designed to lessen the…

Comparison of Lidar Backscatter with Particle Distribution and GOES-7 Data in Hurricane Juliette

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jarzembski, Maurice A.; Srivastava, Vandana; McCaul, Eugene W., Jr.; Jedlovec, Gary J.; Atkinson, Robert J.; Pueschel, Rudolf F.; Cutten, Dean R.

1997-01-01

Measurements of calibrated backscatter, using two continuous wave Doppler lidars operating at wavelengths 9.1 and 10.6 micrometers were obtained along with cloud particle size distributions in Hurricane Juliette on 21 September 1995 at altitude approximately 11.7 km. Agreement between backscatter from the two lidars and with the cloud particle size distribution is excellent. Features in backscatter and particle number density compare well with concurrent GOES-7 infrared images.

Architectural Guidelines for Multimedia and Hypermedia Data Interchange: Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support/Concurrent Engineering (CALS/ CE) and Electronic Commerce/Electronic Data Interchange (EC/EDI)

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-09-01

other networks . 69 For example, E-mail can be sent to an SNA network through a Softswitch gateway, but at a very slow rate. As discussed in Chapter III...10 6. Communication Protocols ..................... 10 D. NEW INFRASTRUCTURES ....................... 11 1. CALS Test Network (CTN...11 2. Industrial Networks ......................... 12 3. FTS-2000 and ISDN ........................ 12 4. CALS Operational Resource

Effects of imperfect automation and individual differences on concurrent performance of military and robotics tasks in a simulated multitasking environment.

PubMed

Chen, J Y C; Terrence, P I

2009-08-01

This study investigated the performance and workload of the combined position of gunner and robotics operator in a simulated military multitasking environment. Specifically, the study investigated how aided target recognition (AiTR) capabilities for the gunnery task with imperfect reliability (false-alarm-prone vs. miss-prone) might affect the concurrent robotics and communication tasks. Additionally, the study examined whether performance was affected by individual differences in spatial ability and attentional control. Results showed that when the robotics task was simply monitoring the video, participants had the best performance in their gunnery and communication tasks and the lowest perceived workload, compared with the other robotics tasking conditions. There was a strong interaction between the type of AiTR unreliability and participants' perceived attentional control. Overall, for participants with higher perceived attentional control, false-alarm-prone alerts were more detrimental; for low attentional control participants, conversely, miss-prone automation was more harmful. Low spatial ability participants preferred visual cueing and high spatial ability participants favoured tactile cueing. Potential applications of the findings include personnel selection for robotics operation, robotics user interface designs and training development. The present results will provide further understanding of the interplays among automation reliability, multitasking performance and individual differences in military tasking environments. These results will also facilitate the implementation of robots in military settings and will provide useful data to military system designs.

Automated Concurrent Blackboard System Generation in C++

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kaplan, J. A.; McManus, J. W.; Bynum, W. L.

1999-01-01

In his 1992 Ph.D. thesis, "Design and Analysis Techniques for Concurrent Blackboard Systems", John McManus defined several performance metrics for concurrent blackboard systems and developed a suite of tools for creating and analyzing such systems. These tools allow a user to analyze a concurrent blackboard system design and predict the performance of the system before any code is written. The design can be modified until simulated performance is satisfactory. Then, the code generator can be invoked to generate automatically all of the code required for the concurrent blackboard system except for the code implementing the functionality of each knowledge source. We have completed the port of the source code generator and a simulator for a concurrent blackboard system. The source code generator generates the necessary C++ source code to implement the concurrent blackboard system using Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) running on a heterogeneous network of UNIX(trademark) workstations. The concurrent blackboard simulator uses the blackboard specification file to predict the performance of the concurrent blackboard design. The only part of the source code for the concurrent blackboard system that the user must supply is the code implementing the functionality of the knowledge sources.

The Effectiveness of Concurrent Design on the Cost and Schedule Performance of Defense Weapons System Acquisitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Robertson, Randolph B.

This study investigates the impact of concurrent design on the cost growth and schedule growth of US Department of Defense Major Defense Acquisition Systems (MDAPs). It is motivated by the question of whether employment of concurrent design in the development of a major weapon system will produce better results in terms of cost and schedule than traditional serial development methods. Selected Acquisition Reports were used to determine the cost and schedule growth of MDAPs as well as the degree of concurrency employed. Two simple linear regression analyses were used to determine the degree to which cost growth and schedule growth vary with concurrency. The results were somewhat surprising in that for major weapon systems the utilization of concurrency as it was implemented in the programs under study was shown to have no effect on cost performance, and that performance to development schedule, one of the purported benefits of concurrency, was actually shown to deteriorate with increases in concurrency. These results, while not an indictment of the concept of concurrency, indicate that better practices and methods are needed in the implementation of concurrency in major weapon systems. The findings are instructive to stakeholders in the weapons acquisition process in their consideration of whether and how to employ concurrent design strategies in their planning of new weapons acquisition programs.