Sample records for page description language

  1. Bibliography of Research in Natural Language Generation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-11-01

    on 1397] Barbara J. Gross Focuing and description in Artifcial Intelligence (GWAI-88), Geseke, West natural language dialogues, In Joshi et al. (557...Proceedings of the Fifth Canadian Conference from information in a frame structure. Data and on Artificial Intelligence , pages Ŕ-24, London, Knowledge...generation workshops (IWNLGS, ENLGWS), natural language processing conferences (ANLP, TINLAP, SPEECH), artificial intelligence conferences (AAAI, SCA

  2. Use of Unified Modeling Language (UML) in Model-Based Development (MBD) For Safety-Critical Applications

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-12-01

    appears that UML is becoming the de facto MBD language. OMG® states the following on the MDA® FAQ page: “Although not formally required [for MBD], UML...a known limitation [42], so UML users should plan accordingly, especially for safety-critical programs. For example, “models are not used to...description of the MBD tool chain can be produced. That description could be resident in a Plan for Software Aspects of Certification (PSAC) or Software

  3. The semantic web and computer vision: old AI meets new AI

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mundy, J. L.; Dong, Y.; Gilliam, A.; Wagner, R.

    2018-04-01

    There has been vast process in linking semantic information across the billions of web pages through the use of ontologies encoded in the Web Ontology Language (OWL) based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF). A prime example is the Wikipedia where the knowledge contained in its more than four million pages is encoded in an ontological database called DBPedia http://wiki.dbpedia.org/. Web-based query tools can retrieve semantic information from DBPedia encoded in interlinked ontologies that can be accessed using natural language. This paper will show how this vast context can be used to automate the process of querying images and other geospatial data in support of report changes in structures and activities. Computer vision algorithms are selected and provided with context based on natural language requests for monitoring and analysis. The resulting reports provide semantically linked observations from images and 3D surface models.

  4. A Schema-Theoretic View of Reading. Technical Report No. 32.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Adams, Marilyn Jager; Collins, Allan

    This paper provides a general description of schema-theoretic models of language comprehension and examines some extensions of such models to the study of reading. The goal of schema theory is to specify the interface between the reader and the text: to specify how the reader's knowledge interacts with and shapes the information on the page and to…

  5. Description Meta Tags in Public Home and Linked Pages.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Craven, Timothy C.

    2001-01-01

    Random samples of 1,872 Web pages registered with Yahoo! And 1,638 pages reachable from Yahoo!-registered pages were analyzed for use of meta tags and specifically those containing descriptions. Results: 727 (38.8%) of the Yahoo!-registered pages and 442 (27%) of the other pages included descriptions in meta tages. Some descriptions greatly…

  6. Design Automation for Streaming Systems

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-12-16

    which are FIFO buffered channels. We develop a process network model for streaming sys - tems (TDFPN) and a hardware description language with built in...and may include an automatic address generator. A complete synthesis sys - tem would provide separate segment operator implementations for every...Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP ’89), pages 988– 991, 1989. [Luk et al., 1997] Wayne Luk, Nabeel Shirazi, and Peter Y. K. Cheung

  7. DEVSML 2.0: The Language and the Stack

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-03-01

    problems outside it. For example, HTML for web pages, Verilog and VHDL for hardware description, etc. are DSLs for very specific domains. A DSL can be...Engineering ( MDE ) paradigm where meta-modeling allows such transformations. The metamodeling approach to Model Integrated Computing (MIC) brings...University of Arizona, 2007 [5] Mittal, S, Martin, JLR, Zeigler, BP, "DEVS-Based Web Services for Net-centric T&E", Summer Computer Simulation

  8. Sign language Web pages.

    PubMed

    Fels, Deborah I; Richards, Jan; Hardman, Jim; Lee, Daniel G

    2006-01-01

    The WORLD WIDE WEB has changed the way people interact. It has also become an important equalizer of information access for many social sectors. However, for many people, including some sign language users, Web accessing can be difficult. For some, it not only presents another barrier to overcome but has left them without cultural equality. The present article describes a system that allows sign language-only Web pages to be created and linked through a video-based technique called sign-linking. In two studies, 14 Deaf participants examined two iterations of signlinked Web pages to gauge the usability and learnability of a signing Web page interface. The first study indicated that signing Web pages were usable by sign language users but that some interface features required improvement. The second study showed increased usability for those features; users consequently couldnavigate sign language information with ease and pleasure.

  9. Interactive Multiple-Representation Editing of Physically-based 3D Animation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-05-29

    view similar to that of FrameMaker [46], but with a stronger model of structured editing, and a language window, which displays a formal description of...used. This is partly a result of the power of a good direct manipulation editor { most users of good editors like FrameMaker don’t seem to miss having a...re nement. In SIG- GRAPH, pages 205{212, August 1988. [46] Frame Technology Inc. Using FrameMaker , 1990. [47] Bjorn N. Freeman-Benson and John Maloney

  10. Place in Perspective: Extracting Online Information about Points of Interest

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Alves, Ana O.; Pereira, Francisco C.; Rodrigues, Filipe; Oliveirinha, João

    During the last few years, the amount of online descriptive information about places has reached reasonable dimensions for many cities in the world. Being such information mostly in Natural Language text, Information Extraction techniques are needed for obtaining the meaning of places that underlies these massive amounts of commonsense and user made sources. In this article, we show how we automatically label places using Information Extraction techniques applied to online resources such as Wikipedia, Yellow Pages and Yahoo!.

  11. Apparatus for the Measurement of Air Blast Pressures by Means of Piezoelectric Gauges

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1946-03-01

    boam-brightenor atare or in tho voltage at tho cathode of tho cathodo-ray tubo, whether duo to olther 60-oycle hum or lino-voltage fluctuations, aro...AGENC r (Not Knowa-)- P.A. NO (None) TRANSLATING AGENCY DATE: Mar𔃻+5 COUNTRY: U.S. LANGUAGE: PAGES: REMARKS: English I 225 I...11. S 1 English PAUS 225 •UMTtATKMS ntntOfl. tables. cHarrs Description and requirements are given of an apparatus used for

  12. Experience with a Spanish-language laparoscopy website.

    PubMed

    Moreno-Sanz, Carlos; Seoane-González, Jose B

    2006-02-01

    Although there are no clearly defined electronic tools for continuing medical education (CME), new information technologies offer a basic platform for presenting training content on the internet. Due to the shortage of websites about minimally invasive surgery in the Spanish language, we set up a topical website in Spanish. This study considers the experience with the website between April 2001 and January 2005. To study the activity of the website, the registry information was analyzed descriptively using the log files of the server. To study the characteristics of the users, we searched the database of registered users. We found a total of 107,941 visits to our website and a total of 624,895 page downloads. Most visits to the site were made from Spanish-speaking countries. The most frequent professional profile of the registered users was that of general surgeon. The development, implementation, and evaluation of Spanish-language CME initiatives over the internet is promising but presents challenges.

  13. Analysis of Web Spam for Non-English Content: Toward More Effective Language-Based Classifiers

    PubMed Central

    Alsaleh, Mansour; Alarifi, Abdulrahman

    2016-01-01

    Web spammers aim to obtain higher ranks for their web pages by including spam contents that deceive search engines in order to include their pages in search results even when they are not related to the search terms. Search engines continue to develop new web spam detection mechanisms, but spammers also aim to improve their tools to evade detection. In this study, we first explore the effect of the page language on spam detection features and we demonstrate how the best set of detection features varies according to the page language. We also study the performance of Google Penguin, a newly developed anti-web spamming technique for their search engine. Using spam pages in Arabic as a case study, we show that unlike similar English pages, Google anti-spamming techniques are ineffective against a high proportion of Arabic spam pages. We then explore multiple detection features for spam pages to identify an appropriate set of features that yields a high detection accuracy compared with the integrated Google Penguin technique. In order to build and evaluate our classifier, as well as to help researchers to conduct consistent measurement studies, we collected and manually labeled a corpus of Arabic web pages, including both benign and spam pages. Furthermore, we developed a browser plug-in that utilizes our classifier to warn users about spam pages after clicking on a URL and by filtering out search engine results. Using Google Penguin as a benchmark, we provide an illustrative example to show that language-based web spam classifiers are more effective for capturing spam contents. PMID:27855179

  14. Analysis of Web Spam for Non-English Content: Toward More Effective Language-Based Classifiers.

    PubMed

    Alsaleh, Mansour; Alarifi, Abdulrahman

    2016-01-01

    Web spammers aim to obtain higher ranks for their web pages by including spam contents that deceive search engines in order to include their pages in search results even when they are not related to the search terms. Search engines continue to develop new web spam detection mechanisms, but spammers also aim to improve their tools to evade detection. In this study, we first explore the effect of the page language on spam detection features and we demonstrate how the best set of detection features varies according to the page language. We also study the performance of Google Penguin, a newly developed anti-web spamming technique for their search engine. Using spam pages in Arabic as a case study, we show that unlike similar English pages, Google anti-spamming techniques are ineffective against a high proportion of Arabic spam pages. We then explore multiple detection features for spam pages to identify an appropriate set of features that yields a high detection accuracy compared with the integrated Google Penguin technique. In order to build and evaluate our classifier, as well as to help researchers to conduct consistent measurement studies, we collected and manually labeled a corpus of Arabic web pages, including both benign and spam pages. Furthermore, we developed a browser plug-in that utilizes our classifier to warn users about spam pages after clicking on a URL and by filtering out search engine results. Using Google Penguin as a benchmark, we provide an illustrative example to show that language-based web spam classifiers are more effective for capturing spam contents.

  15. Health Information in Polish (polski)

    MedlinePlus

    ... Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → Polish (polski) URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/polish.html Health Information in Polish (polski) To use the sharing features on this page, ...

  16. Health Information in Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia)

    MedlinePlus

    ... You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/indonesian.html Health Information in Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) To use the sharing features on this page, ...

  17. Defense Contracting: Actions Needed to Explore Additional Opportunities to Gain Efficiencies in Acquiring Foreign Language Support

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-02-25

    Directive 5160.41E, Defense Language Program . 10GAO-11-456. Page 5 GAO-13-251R Defense Contracting types of foreign language support that DOD has acquired...Language Transformation Roadmap, (January 2005), and Department of Defense Directive 5160.41E, Defense Language Program . Page 15 GAO-13-251R Defense...examines the use of public funds; evaluates federal programs and policies; and provides analyses, recommendations, and other assistance to help

  18. GAN: a platform of genomics and genetics analysis and application in Nicotiana

    PubMed Central

    Yang, Shuai; Zhang, Xingwei; Li, Huayang; Chen, Yudong

    2018-01-01

    Abstract Nicotiana is an important Solanaceae genus, and plays a significant role in modern biological research. Massive Nicotiana biological data have emerged from in-depth genomics and genetics studies. From big data to big discovery, large-scale analysis and application with new platforms is critical. Based on data accumulation, a comprehensive platform of Genomics and Genetics Analysis and Application in Nicotiana (GAN) has been developed, and is publicly available at http://biodb.sdau.edu.cn/gan/. GAN consists of four main sections: (i) Sources, a total of 5267 germplasm lines, along with detailed descriptions of associated characteristics, are all available on the Germplasm page, which can be queried using eight different inquiry modes. Seven fully sequenced species with accompanying sequences and detailed genomic annotation are available on the Genomics page. (ii) Genetics, detailed descriptions of 10 genetic linkage maps, constructed by different parents, 2239 KEGG metabolic pathway maps and 209 945 gene families across all catalogued genes, along with two co-linearity maps combining N. tabacum with available tomato and potato linkage maps are available here. Furthermore, 3 963 119 genome-SSRs, 10 621 016 SNPs, 12 388 PIPs and 102 895 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction primers, are all available to be used and searched on the Markers page. (iii) Tools, the genome browser JBrowse and five useful online bioinformatics softwares, Blast, Primer3, SSR-detect, Nucl-Protein and E-PCR, are provided on the JBrowse and Tools pages. (iv) Auxiliary, all the datasets are shown on a Statistics page, and are available for download on a Download page. In addition, the user’s manual is provided on a Manual page in English and Chinese languages. GAN provides a user-friendly Web interface for searching, browsing and downloading the genomics and genetics datasets in Nicotiana. As far as we can ascertain, GAN is the most comprehensive source of bio-data available, and the most applicable resource for breeding, gene mapping, gene cloning, the study of the origin and evolution of polyploidy, and related studies in Nicotiana. Database URL: http://biodb.sdau.edu.cn/gan/ PMID:29688356

  19. The Other Homepage.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kupersmith, John

    2003-01-01

    Examines special-purpose entry points to library Web sites. Discusses in-house homepages; branch-specific pages or single library system-wide pages; staff use pages; versions in different languages; "MyLibrary" pages where users can customize the menu; standalone "branded" sites; publicly accessible pages; and best practices.…

  20. Bad Breath - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... List of All Topics All Bad Breath - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Chinese, Traditional ( ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 23 May 2018

  1. Arthritis - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... XYZ List of All Topics All Arthritis - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Chinese, Simplified ( ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 31 May 2018

  2. Abortion - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... XYZ List of All Topics All Abortion - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Chinese, Simplified ( ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 12 October 2017

  3. Calcium - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... XYZ List of All Topics All Calcium - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Chinese, Traditional ( ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 31 May 2018

  4. Anal Disorders - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... List of All Topics All Anal Disorders - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. French (français) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 3 May 2018

  5. Cholera - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... XYZ List of All Topics All Cholera - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Spanish (español) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 25 April 2018

  6. Description and Evaluation of GDEM-V 3.0

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-02-06

    Description and Evaluation of GDEM -V 3.0 Michael R. caRnes Ocean Sciences Branch Oceanography Division February 6, 2009 i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form...include area code) b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT Description and Evaluation of GDEM -V 3.0 Michael R. Carnes...unlimited. Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified UL 24 Michael R. Carnes (228) 688-5648 The GDEM (Generalized Digital Environment Model) has served as

  7. Bile Duct Diseases - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... of All Topics All Bile Duct Diseases - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. French (français) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 7 May 2018

  8. Interactive Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke

    MedlinePlus

    ... View Table page Language: English 中文 Chinese Deutsch (German) Español (Spanish) Français (French) Italiano (Italian) 한국어 (Korean) ... DOC [3 pages] Language: English 中文 Chinese Deutsch (German) Español (Spanish) Français (French) Italiano (Italian) 한국어 (Korean) ...

  9. Bronchial Disorders - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... List of All Topics All Bronchial Disorders - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 2 May 2018

  10. Cholesterol - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... XYZ List of All Topics All Cholesterol - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 1 May 2018

  11. Blood Thinners - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... List of All Topics All Blood Thinners - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 7 February 2018

  12. Advance Directives - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... List of All Topics All Advance Directives - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 7 December 2017

  13. Breathing Problems - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... List of All Topics All Breathing Problems - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 2 May 2018

  14. Bullying - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... XYZ List of All Topics All Bullying - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 28 February 2018

  15. Blood Transfusion and Donation - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... All Topics All Blood Transfusion and Donation - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 30 April 2018

  16. Asthma in Children - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... of All Topics All Asthma in Children - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 23 May 2018

  17. Biodefense and Bioterrorism - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... of All Topics All Biodefense and Bioterrorism - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated on 17 January 2018

  18. PSTOOLS - FOUR PROGRAMS THAT INTERPRET/FORMAT POSTSCRIPT FILES

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Choi, D.

    1994-01-01

    PSTOOLS is a package of four programs that operate on files written in the page description language, PostScript. The programs include a PostScript previewer for the IRIS workstation, a PostScript driver for the Matrix QCRZ film recorder, a PostScript driver for the Tektronix 4693D printer, and a PostScript code beautifier that formats PostScript files to be more legible. The three programs PSIRIS, PSMATRIX, and PSTEK are similar in that they all interpret the PostScript language and output the graphical results to a device, and they support color PostScript images. The common code which is shared by these three programs is included as a library of routines. PSPRETTY formats a PostScript file by appropriately indenting procedures and code delimited by "saves" and "restores." PSTOOLS does not use Adobe fonts. PSTOOLS is written in C-language for implementation on SGI IRIS 4D series workstations running IRIX 3.2 or later. A README file and UNIX man pages provide information regarding the installation and use of the PSTOOLS programs. A six-page manual which provides slightly more detailed information may be purchased separately. The standard distribution medium for this package is one .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. PSIRIS (the largest program) requires 1.2Mb of main memory. PSMATRIX requires the "gpib" board (IEEE 488) available from Silicon Graphics. Inc. The programs with graphical interfaces require that the IRIS have at least 24 bit planes. This package was developed in 1990 and updated in 1991. SGI, IRIS 4D, and IRIX are trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc. Matrix QCRZ is a registered trademark of the AGFA Group. Tektronix 4693D is a trademark of Tektronix, Inc. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T Bell Laboratories.

  19. Home Page: The Mode of Transport through the Information Superhighway

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lujan, Michelle R.

    1995-01-01

    The purpose of the project with the Aeroacoustics Branch was to create and submit a home page for the internet about branch information. In order to do this, one must also become familiar with the way that the internet operates. Learning HyperText Markup Language (HTML), and the ability to create a document using this language was the final objective in order to place a home page on the internet (World Wide Web). A manual of instructions regarding maintenance of the home page, and how to keep it up to date was also necessary in order to provide branch members with the opportunity to make any pertinent changes.

  20. The impact of visual layout factors on performance in Web pages: a cross-language study.

    PubMed

    Parush, Avi; Shwarts, Yonit; Shtub, Avy; Chandra, M Jeya

    2005-01-01

    Visual layout has a strong impact on performance and is a critical factor in the design of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and Web pages. Many design guidelines employed in Web page design were inherited from human performance literature and GUI design studies and practices. However, few studies have investigated the more specific patterns of performance with Web pages that may reflect some differences between Web page and GUI design. We investigated interactions among four visual layout factors in Web page design (quantity of links, alignment, grouping indications, and density) in two experiments: one with pages in Hebrew, entailing right-to-left reading, and the other with English pages, entailing left-to-right reading. Some performance patterns (measured by search times and eye movements) were similar between languages. Performance was particularly poor in pages with many links and variable densities, but it improved with the presence of uniform density. Alignment was not shown to be a performance-enhancing factor. The findings are discussed in terms of the similarities and differences in the impact of layout factors between GUIs and Web pages. Actual or potential applications of this research include specific guidelines for Web page design.

  1. Userscripts for the life sciences.

    PubMed

    Willighagen, Egon L; O'Boyle, Noel M; Gopalakrishnan, Harini; Jiao, Dazhi; Guha, Rajarshi; Steinbeck, Christoph; Wild, David J

    2007-12-21

    The web has seen an explosion of chemistry and biology related resources in the last 15 years: thousands of scientific journals, databases, wikis, blogs and resources are available with a wide variety of types of information. There is a huge need to aggregate and organise this information. However, the sheer number of resources makes it unrealistic to link them all in a centralised manner. Instead, search engines to find information in those resources flourish, and formal languages like Resource Description Framework and Web Ontology Language are increasingly used to allow linking of resources. A recent development is the use of userscripts to change the appearance of web pages, by on-the-fly modification of the web content. This opens possibilities to aggregate information and computational results from different web resources into the web page of one of those resources. Several userscripts are presented that enrich biology and chemistry related web resources by incorporating or linking to other computational or data sources on the web. The scripts make use of Greasemonkey-like plugins for web browsers and are written in JavaScript. Information from third-party resources are extracted using open Application Programming Interfaces, while common Universal Resource Locator schemes are used to make deep links to related information in that external resource. The userscripts presented here use a variety of techniques and resources, and show the potential of such scripts. This paper discusses a number of userscripts that aggregate information from two or more web resources. Examples are shown that enrich web pages with information from other resources, and show how information from web pages can be used to link to, search, and process information in other resources. Due to the nature of userscripts, scientists are able to select those scripts they find useful on a daily basis, as the scripts run directly in their own web browser rather than on the web server. This flexibility allows the scientists to tune the features of web resources to optimise their productivity.

  2. Userscripts for the Life Sciences

    PubMed Central

    Willighagen, Egon L; O'Boyle, Noel M; Gopalakrishnan, Harini; Jiao, Dazhi; Guha, Rajarshi; Steinbeck, Christoph; Wild, David J

    2007-01-01

    Background The web has seen an explosion of chemistry and biology related resources in the last 15 years: thousands of scientific journals, databases, wikis, blogs and resources are available with a wide variety of types of information. There is a huge need to aggregate and organise this information. However, the sheer number of resources makes it unrealistic to link them all in a centralised manner. Instead, search engines to find information in those resources flourish, and formal languages like Resource Description Framework and Web Ontology Language are increasingly used to allow linking of resources. A recent development is the use of userscripts to change the appearance of web pages, by on-the-fly modification of the web content. This opens possibilities to aggregate information and computational results from different web resources into the web page of one of those resources. Results Several userscripts are presented that enrich biology and chemistry related web resources by incorporating or linking to other computational or data sources on the web. The scripts make use of Greasemonkey-like plugins for web browsers and are written in JavaScript. Information from third-party resources are extracted using open Application Programming Interfaces, while common Universal Resource Locator schemes are used to make deep links to related information in that external resource. The userscripts presented here use a variety of techniques and resources, and show the potential of such scripts. Conclusion This paper discusses a number of userscripts that aggregate information from two or more web resources. Examples are shown that enrich web pages with information from other resources, and show how information from web pages can be used to link to, search, and process information in other resources. Due to the nature of userscripts, scientists are able to select those scripts they find useful on a daily basis, as the scripts run directly in their own web browser rather than on the web server. This flexibility allows the scientists to tune the features of web resources to optimise their productivity. PMID:18154664

  3. Blackfeet Language Coloring Book. Blackfeet Heritage Program.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lewis, Elizabeth, Comp.

    A part of the Blackfeet Indian Heritage Project, this coloring book features 21 pages of pictures of animal and plant life, foods, and numbers. Arranged in alphabetical order, the pictures are accompanied with their names printed in both the English and Blackfeet languages. The reverse side of each page is left blank to give the student room to…

  4. Cosmetic Dentistry - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Cosmetic Dentistry URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... W XYZ List of All Topics All Cosmetic Dentistry - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  5. Herbal Medicine - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Herbal Medicine URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Herbal Medicine - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  6. Whooping Cough - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Whooping Cough URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Whooping Cough - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  7. Zika Virus - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Zika Virus URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Zika Virus - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  8. Pacemakers and Implantable Defibrillators - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Pacemakers and Implantable Defibrillators URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... List of All Topics All Pacemakers and Implantable Defibrillators - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  9. Diabetic Foot - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Diabetic Foot URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Diabetic Foot - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  10. Panic Disorder - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Panic Disorder URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Panic Disorder - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  11. Domestic Violence - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Domestic Violence URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Domestic Violence - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  12. Elder Abuse - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Elder Abuse URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Elder Abuse - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  13. Head Lice - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Head Lice URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Head Lice - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  14. Genital Warts - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Genital Warts URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Genital Warts - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  15. Suicide - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Map FAQs Customer Support Health Topics Drugs & Supplements Videos & Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Suicide URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ...

  16. Waste Reduction Model (WARM) Material Descriptions and ...

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    2017-02-14

    This page provides a summary of the materials included in EPA’s Waste Reduction Model (WARM). The page includes a list of materials, a description of the material as defined in the primary data source, and citations for primary data sources.

  17. Waste Reduction Model (WARM) Material Descriptions and Data Sources

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This page provides a summary of the materials included in EPA’s Waste Reduction Model (WARM). The page includes a list of materials, a description of the material as defined in the primary data source, and citations for primary data sources.

  18. Motor Vehicle Safety - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Motor Vehicle Safety URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Motor Vehicle Safety - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  19. Linking Policy | Smokefree 60+

    Cancer.gov

    Links to individual pages within the Smokefree 60+ website are permissible, provided attribution is made to 60plus.smokefree.gov and any descriptive notes accurately reflect the content of the linked page(s).

  20. Representing metabolic pathway information: an object-oriented approach.

    PubMed

    Ellis, L B; Speedie, S M; McLeish, R

    1998-01-01

    The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database (UM-BBD) is a website providing information and dynamic links for microbial metabolic pathways, enzyme reactions, and their substrates and products. The Compound, Organism, Reaction and Enzyme (CORE) object-oriented database management system was developed to contain and serve this information. CORE was developed using Java, an object-oriented programming language, and PSE persistent object classes from Object Design, Inc. CORE dynamically generates descriptive web pages for reactions, compounds and enzymes, and reconstructs ad hoc pathway maps starting from any UM-BBD reaction. CORE code is available from the authors upon request. CORE is accessible through the UM-BBD at: http://www. labmed.umn.edu/umbbd/index.html.

  1. Rotavirus Infections - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Rotavirus Infections URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Rotavirus Infections - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features ...

  2. Salmonella Infections - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Salmonella Infections URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Salmonella Infections - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features ...

  3. Specifying Skill-Based Training Strategies and Devices: A Model Description

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-06-01

    Technical Report 897 Specifying Skill-Based Training N Strategies and Devices: A Model Description I Paui J. Sticha and Mark Schlager Human Resources...unlimied 90 ’ Technical Report 897 Specifying Skill-Based Training Strategies and Devices: A Model Description Paul J. Sticha and Mark Schlager Human...SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FMNo o7 ote la. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTWE MARKINGS

  4. Home Page, Sweet Home Page: Creating a Web Presence.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Falcigno, Kathleen; Green, Tim

    1995-01-01

    Focuses primarily on design issues and practical concerns involved in creating World Wide Web documents for use within an organization. Concerns for those developing Web home pages are: learning HyperText Markup Language (HTML); defining customer group; allocating staff resources for maintenance of documents; providing feedback mechanism for…

  5. An Analysis of Academic Library Web Pages for Faculty

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gardner, Susan J.; Juricek, John Eric; Xu, F. Grace

    2008-01-01

    Web sites are increasingly used by academic libraries to promote key services and collections to teaching faculty. This study analyzes the content, location, language, and technological features of fifty-four academic library Web pages designed especially for faculty to expose patterns in the development of these pages.

  6. Corpus-Based Approaches to Language Description for Specialized Academic Writing

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Flowerdew, John

    2017-01-01

    Language description is a fundamental requirement for second language (L2) syllabus design. The greatest advances in language description in recent decades have been done with the help of electronic corpora. Such language description is the theme of this article. The article first introduces some basic concepts and principles in corpus research.…

  7. XML: A Language To Manage the World Wide Web. ERIC Digest.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Davis-Tanous, Jennifer R.

    This digest provides an overview of XML (Extensible Markup Language), a markup language used to construct World Wide Web pages. Topics addressed include: (1) definition of a markup language, including comparison of XML with SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) and HTML (HyperText Markup Language); (2) how XML works, including sample tags,…

  8. "Grammar Nazis Never Sleep": Facebook Humor and the Management of Standard Written Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sherman, Tamah; Švelch, Jaroslav

    2015-01-01

    This paper uses Language Management Theory (Nekvapil and Sherman, "Language management in contact situations. Perspectives from three continents". Peter Lang, Frankfurt/Main, 2009) to investigate Facebook pages as a site and instrument of behavior-toward-language, focusing specifically on the use of humor. The language in question is…

  9. Rotator Cuff Injuries - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Rotator Cuff Injuries URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Rotator Cuff Injuries - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features ...

  10. Health Risks of an Inactive Lifestyle - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Health Risks of an Inactive Lifestyle URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Health Risks of an Inactive Lifestyle - Multiple Languages To use the sharing features on ...

  11. ANLPS. Graphics Driver for PostScript Output

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Engert, D.E.

    1987-09-01

    ANLPS is a PostScript graphics device driver for use with the proprietary CA TELLAGRAF, CUECHART, and DISSPLA products. The driver allows the user to create and send text and graphics output in the Adobe Systems` PostScript page description language, which is accepted by many print devices. The PostScript output can be generated by TELLAGRAF 6.0 and DISSPLA 10.0. The files containing the PostScript output are sent to PostScript laser printers, such as the Apple LaserWriter. It is not necessary to initialize the printer, as the output for each plot is self-contained. All CA fonts are mapped to PostScript fonts, e.g.more » Swiss-Medium is mapped to Helvetica, and the mapping is easily changed. Hardware shading and hardware characters, area fill, and color are included. Auxiliary routines are provided which allow graphics files containing figures, logos, and diagrams to be merged with text files. The user can then position, scale, and rotate the figures on the output page in the reserved area specified.« less

  12. Polio and Post-Polio Syndrome - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Polio and Post-Polio Syndrome URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ... V W XYZ List of All Topics All Polio and Post-Polio Syndrome - Multiple Languages To use ...

  13. Chapter 07: Species description pages

    Treesearch

    Alex C. Wiedenhoeft

    2011-01-01

    These pages are written to be the final step in the identification process; you will be directed to them by the key in Chapter 6. Each species or group of similar species in the same genus has its own set of pages. The information in the first page describes the characteristics of the wood covered in the manual. The page shows images of similar or confusable woods,...

  14. Staff Report to the Senior Department Official on Recognition Compliance Issues. Recommendation Page: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    US Department of Education, 2010

    2010-01-01

    The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Council on Academic Accreditation in Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (CAA) is a national accrediting agency of graduate education programs in audiology or speech-language pathology. The CAA currently accredits or or preaccredits 319 programs (247 in speech-language pathology and 72 in…

  15. Predicate Abstraction of ANSI-C Programs using SAT

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-09-23

    compositionally and automatically. In Alan J. Hu and Moshe Y. Vardi, editors, Computer-Aided Verification, CAV ’98, volume 1427, pages 319–331, Vancouver...Languages, POPL ’77, pages 238–252, 1977. [14] David W. Currie, Alan J. Hu, Sreeranga Rajan, and Masahira Fujita. Automatic formal verification of dsp...Languages and Systems (TOPLAS), 2(4):564–79, 1980. [19] A. Gupta, Z. Yang, P. Ashar , and A. Gupta. SAT-based image computation with application in

  16. Brain Tumors - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... FAQs Customer Support Health Topics Drugs & Supplements Videos & Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Brain Tumors URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ...

  17. Brain Diseases - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... FAQs Customer Support Health Topics Drugs & Supplements Videos & Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Brain Diseases URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ...

  18. Hardware description languages

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tucker, Jerry H.

    1994-01-01

    Hardware description languages are special purpose programming languages. They are primarily used to specify the behavior of digital systems and are rapidly replacing traditional digital system design techniques. This is because they allow the designer to concentrate on how the system should operate rather than on implementation details. Hardware description languages allow a digital system to be described with a wide range of abstraction, and they support top down design techniques. A key feature of any hardware description language environment is its ability to simulate the modeled system. The two most important hardware description languages are Verilog and VHDL. Verilog has been the dominant language for the design of application specific integrated circuits (ASIC's). However, VHDL is rapidly gaining in popularity.

  19. Managing World Wide Web Information in a Frames Environment: A Guide to Constructing Web Pages Using Frames.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gilstrap, Donald L.

    1998-01-01

    Explains how to build World Wide Web home pages using frames-based HTML so that librarians can manage Web-based information and improve their home pages. Provides descriptions and 15 examples for writing frames-HTML code, including advanced concepts and additional techniques for home-page design. (Author/LRW)

  20. Facebook Groups as a Supporting Tool for Language Classrooms

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ekoc, Arzu

    2014-01-01

    This paper attempts to present a review of Facebook group pages as an educational tool for language learning. One of the primary needs of foreign language learners is to gain the opportunity to use the target language outside the classroom practice. Social media communication provides occasions for learners to receive input and produce output…

  1. Traumatic Brain Injury - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... FAQs Customer Support Health Topics Drugs & Supplements Videos & Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → All Health Topics → Traumatic Brain Injury URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/ ...

  2. Relevance of Trust Marks and CE Labels in German-Language Store Descriptions of Health Apps: Analysis

    PubMed Central

    Hillebrand, Uta; von Jan, Ute

    2018-01-01

    Background In addition to mandatory CE marking (“CE” representing Conformité Européenne, with the CE marking being a symbol of free marketability in the European Economic Area) for medical devices, there are various seals, initiatives, action groups, etc, in the health app context. However, whether manufacturers use them to distinguish their apps and attach relevance to them is unclear. Objective The objective was to take a snapshot of quality seals, regulatory marks, and other orientation aids available on the German app market and to determine whether manufacturers deem such labels relevant enough to apply them to their apps, namely as reflected by mentions in app description texts in a typical app store (ie, Apple’s App Store). Methods A full survey of the metadata of 103,046 apps from Apple’s German App Store in the Medicine and Health & Fitness categories was carried out. For apps with German-language store descriptions (N=8767), these were automatically searched for the occurrence of relevant keywords and validated manually (N=41). In addition, the websites of various app seal providers were checked for assigned seals. Results Few manufacturers referenced seals in the descriptions (5/41), although this would have been expected more often based on the seals we were able to identify from the seal providers’ Web pages, and there were 34 of 41 that mentioned CE status in the descriptions. Two apps referenced an app directory curated by experts; however, this is not an alternative to CE marks and seals of approval. Conclusions Currently, quality seals seem to be irrelevant for manufacturers. In line with regulatory requirements, mentions of medical device status are more frequent; however, neither characteristic is effective for identifying high-quality apps. To improve this situation, a possibly legally obligatory, standardized reporting system should be implemented. PMID:29695374

  3. Relevance of Trust Marks and CE Labels in German-Language Store Descriptions of Health Apps: Analysis.

    PubMed

    Albrecht, Urs-Vito; Hillebrand, Uta; von Jan, Ute

    2018-04-25

    In addition to mandatory CE marking ("CE" representing Conformité Européenne, with the CE marking being a symbol of free marketability in the European Economic Area) for medical devices, there are various seals, initiatives, action groups, etc, in the health app context. However, whether manufacturers use them to distinguish their apps and attach relevance to them is unclear. The objective was to take a snapshot of quality seals, regulatory marks, and other orientation aids available on the German app market and to determine whether manufacturers deem such labels relevant enough to apply them to their apps, namely as reflected by mentions in app description texts in a typical app store (ie, Apple's App Store). A full survey of the metadata of 103,046 apps from Apple's German App Store in the Medicine and Health & Fitness categories was carried out. For apps with German-language store descriptions (N=8767), these were automatically searched for the occurrence of relevant keywords and validated manually (N=41). In addition, the websites of various app seal providers were checked for assigned seals. Few manufacturers referenced seals in the descriptions (5/41), although this would have been expected more often based on the seals we were able to identify from the seal providers' Web pages, and there were 34 of 41 that mentioned CE status in the descriptions. Two apps referenced an app directory curated by experts; however, this is not an alternative to CE marks and seals of approval. Currently, quality seals seem to be irrelevant for manufacturers. In line with regulatory requirements, mentions of medical device status are more frequent; however, neither characteristic is effective for identifying high-quality apps. To improve this situation, a possibly legally obligatory, standardized reporting system should be implemented. ©Urs-Vito Albrecht, Uta Hillebrand, Ute von Jan. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 25.04.2018.

  4. 78 FR 42514 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-16

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings 1 Take notice.... Applicants: NewPage Energy Services, LLC. Description: NewPage Energy Services, LLC Market-Based Rate Tariff...-005. Applicants: Escanaba Paper Company, Luke Paper Company, Rumford Paper Company, NewPage Energy...

  5. Asian/Pacific Islander Languages Spoken by English Learners (ELs). Fast Facts

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Office of English Language Acquisition, US Department of Education, 2015

    2015-01-01

    The Office of English Language Acquisition (OELA) has synthesized key data on English learners (ELs) into two-page PDF sheets, by topic, with graphics, plus key contacts. The topics for this report on Asian/Pacific Islander languages spoken by English Learners (ELs) include: (1) Top 10 Most Common Asian/Pacific Islander Languages Spoken Among ELs:…

  6. Whose "Crisis in Language"? Translating and the Futurity of Foreign Language Learning

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gramling, David J.; Warner, Chantelle

    2016-01-01

    This contribution questions to whom and to whose learning experience has the idiom of crisis that so pervades the domain of U.S. foreign language teaching been addressed. The authors report on an advanced foreign language classroom-based study from 2013, in which undergraduate German learners translated a 14-page prose poem about translingual…

  7. Curriculum Boosters. Social Studies, Math, Language Arts.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Reissman, Rose; And Others

    1994-01-01

    Presents three curriculum boosting activities for elementary classes. A social studies activity builds bridges to other cultures via literature. A math activity teaches students about percentages using baseball card statistics. A language arts activity helps students learn to appreciate the language of Shakespeare. A student page presents a…

  8. Language disorder - children

    MedlinePlus

    ... understanding and using language can cause problems with social interaction and the ability to function independently as an ... Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health Page last updated: ...

  9. Using social media for knowledge translation, promotion of evidence-based medicine and high-quality information on health.

    PubMed

    Puljak, Livia

    2016-02-02

    Knowledge translation activities may be targeted towards all participants in healthcare practices, including patients, consumers, and policy makers. Hereby, use of social media, namely social network Facebook, as a tool for knowledge translation, promotion of evidence-based medicine and high-quality information on health is described. In March 2013, a Facebook page of the Croatian Cochrane Branch was created and its main content are translated plain language summaries (PLS) of the systematic reviews produced by The Cochrane Collaboration. Since the page was created it has gained 1441 followers, mostly from Croatia and neighboring countries with similar language. Most of the page followers are women aged 25 to 44 and the most popular content is related to pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. Page followers are lay persons, health professionals and journalists, who further disseminate the page content. In summary, social media enables multiple possibilities to engage with target audience and to disseminate the evidence-based medicine content. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

  10. Do-It-Yourself: A Special Library's Approach to Creating Dynamic Web Pages Using Commercial Off-The-Shelf Applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Steeman, Gerald; Connell, Christopher

    2000-01-01

    Many librarians may feel that dynamic Web pages are out of their reach, financially and technically. Yet we are reminded in library and Web design literature that static home pages are a thing of the past. This paper describes how librarians at the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) library developed a database-driven, dynamic intranet site using commercial off-the-shelf applications. Administrative issues include surveying a library users group for interest and needs evaluation; outlining metadata elements; and, committing resources from managing time to populate the database and training in Microsoft FrontPage and Web-to-database design. Technical issues covered include Microsoft Access database fundamentals, lessons learned in the Web-to-database process (including setting up Database Source Names (DSNs), redesigning queries to accommodate the Web interface, and understanding Access 97 query language vs. Standard Query Language (SQL)). This paper also offers tips on editing Active Server Pages (ASP) scripting to create desired results. A how-to annotated resource list closes out the paper.

  11. Comparison of quality of internet pages on human papillomavirus immunization in Italian and in English.

    PubMed

    Tozzi, Alberto Eugenio; Buonuomo, Paola Sabrina; Ciofi degli Atti, Marta Luisa; Carloni, Emanuela; Meloni, Marco; Gamba, Fiorenza

    2010-01-01

    Information available on the Internet about immunizations may influence parents' perception about human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization and their attitude toward vaccinating their daughters. We hypothesized that the quality of information on HPV available on the Internet may vary with language and with the level of knowledge of parents. To this end we compared the quality of a sample of Web pages in Italian with a sample of Web pages in English. Five reviewers assessed the quality of Web pages retrieved with popular search engines using criteria adapted from the Good Information Practice Essential Criteria for Vaccine Safety Web Sites recommended by the World Health Organization. Quality of Web pages was assessed in the domains of accessibility, credibility, content, and design. Scores in these domains were compared through nonparametric statistical tests. We retrieved and reviewed 74 Web sites in Italian and 117 in English. Most retrieved Web pages (33.5%) were from private agencies. Median scores were higher in Web pages in English compared with those in Italian in the domain of accessibility (p < .01), credibility (p < .01), and content (p < .01). The highest credibility and content scores were those of Web pages from governmental agencies or universities. Accessibility scores were positively associated with content scores (p < .01) and with credibility scores (p < .01). A total of 16.2% of Web pages in Italian opposed HPV immunization compared with 6.0% of those in English (p < .05). Quality of information and number of Web pages opposing HPV immunization may vary with the Web site language. High-quality Web pages on HPV, especially from public health agencies and universities, should be easily accessible and retrievable with common Web search engines. Copyright 2010 Society for Adolescent Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Automated Title Page Cataloging: A Feasibility Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Weibel, Stuart; And Others

    1989-01-01

    Describes the design of a prototype rule-based system for the automation of descriptive cataloging from title pages. The discussion covers the results of tests of the prototype, major impediments to automatic cataloging from title pages, and prospects for further progress. The rules implemented in the prototype are appended. (16 references)…

  13. Basics. [A Compilation of Learning Activities Pages from Seven Issues of Instructor Magazine, September 1982 through March 1983 and May 1983.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Instructor, 1983

    1983-01-01

    This collection of 18 learning activities pages focuses on the subject areas of science, language arts, mathematics, and social studies. The science activities pages concern the study of earthquakes, sound, environmental changes, snails and slugs, and friction. Many of the activities are in the form of experiments for the students to perform.…

  14. The Contribution of the Division of Radiophysics Murraybank Field Station to International Radio Astronomy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wendt, Harry; Orchiston, Wayne; Slee, Bruce

    During the 1950s Australia was one of the world's foremost astronomical nations owing primarily to the work of the dynamic radio astronomy group within the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation's Division of Radiophysics. Most of the observations were made at the network of field stations maintained by the Division in or near Sydney, and one of these field stations was Murraybank in the north-western suburbs of Sydney. GVaucouleursDe1954The Magellanic Clouds and the GalaxyThe Observatory7423311954Obs....74...23DDe Vaucouleurs, G., 1954a. The Magellanic Clouds and the Galaxy. The Observatory, 74, 23-31. GVaucouleursDe1954The Magellanic Clouds and the Galaxy, IIThe Observatory741581641954Obs....74..158DDe Vaucouleurs, G., 1954b. The Magellanic Clouds and the Galaxy, II. The Observatory, 74, 158-164. GVaucouleursDe1961Classification and radial velocities of bright southern galaxiesMemoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society6869871961MmRAS..68...69DDe Vaucouleurs, G., 1961. Classification and radial velocities of bright southern galaxies. Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society, 68, 69-87. JDeane2006Vacuum Tube SupercomputerSydneyScience Foundation for Physics and the Australian Computer Museum SocietyDeane, J., 2006. Vacuum Tube Supercomputer. Sydney, Science Foundation for Physics and the Australian Computer Museum Society. NHDeiter1965Neutral hydrogen near the galactic polesAstErickson, W.C., Helfer, H.L., and Tatel, H.E., 1959. A survey of neutral hydrogen at high galactic latitudes. In Bracewell, 390-397. MWFeastADThackerayAJWesselink1957Radial velocities of southern B stars determined at the Radcliffe Observatory (Paper II) (summary)Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society1175791957MNRAS.117..579FFeast, M.W., Thackeray, A.D., and Wesselink, A.J., 1957. Radial velocities of southern B stars determined at the Radcliffe Observatory (Paper II) (summary). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 117, 579. KCFreeman1970On the disks of spiral and SO galaxiesAstrophysical Journal1608118301970ApJ...160..811F10.1086/150474Freeman, K.C., 1970. On the disks of spiral and SO galaxies. Astrophysical Journal, 160, 811-830. Getmanzev, G.G., Tankevitch, K.S., and Troitzky, V.S., 1957. Detection of the spectral line of deuterium from the centre of the Galaxy on the wave-length of 91.6 cm. In van de Hulst, 90-91. HCGoldwireMGoss1967Microwave radiation of singly charged helium 3 from HII regionsAstrophysical Journal14915221967ApJ...149...15G10.1086/149225Goldwire, H.C., and Goss, M., 1967. Microwave radiation of singly charged helium 3 from HII regions. Astrophysical Journal, 149, 15-22. JLGreenstein1937The effect of absorbing clouds on the general absorption coefficientAnnals of the Astronomical Observatory of Harvard College105359369Greenstein, J.L., 1937. The effect of absorbing clouds on the general absorption coefficient. Annals of the Astronomical Observatory of Harvard College, 105, 359-369. CSGum1956The extent and excitation of the large H II region in Vela-PuppisThe Observatory761501531956Obs....76..150GGum, C.S., 1956. The extent and excitation of the large H II region in Vela-Puppis. The Observatory, 76, 150-153. KGHenize1956Catalogues of Hα-emission stars and nebulae in the Magellanic CloudsAstrophysical Journal Supplement23153441956ApJS....2..315H10.1086/190025Henize, K.G., 1956. Catalogues of Hα-emission stars and nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds. Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 2, 315-344. JVHindman1967A high resolution study of the distribution and motions of neutral hydrogen in the Small Cloud of MagellanAustralian Journal of Physics201471711967AuJPh..20..147H10.1071/PH670147Hindman, J.V., 1967. A high resolution study of the distribution and motions of neutral hydrogen in the Small Cloud of Magellan. Australian Journal of Physics, 20, 147-171. Hindman, J.V., Kerr, F.J., and McGee, R.X., 1963a. A low resolution hydrogen-line survey of the Magellanic system. II. Interpretation of results. Australian Journal of Physics, 16, 570-583. Hindman, J.V., McGee, R.X., Carter, A.W.L., Holmes, E.C.J., and Beard, M., 1963b. A low resolution hydrogen-line survey of the Magellanic system. I. Observations and digital reduction procedures. Australian Journal of Physics, 16, 552-569. Hodge, P.W., 1960. Studies of the Large Magellanic Cloud. I. The red globular clusters. Astrophysical Journal, 131, 351-357. Hodge, P.W., 1961. Studies of the Large Magellanic Cloud. V. The young populous clusters. Astrophysical Journal, 133, 413-419. WEHowardDGWentzelRXMcGee1963On a correlation between the radial velocities of optical and radio interstellar linesAstrophysical Journal13898810011963ApJ...138..988H10.1086/147700Howard, W.E., Wentzel, D.G., and McGee, R.X., 1963. On a correlation between the radial velocities of optical and radio interstellar lines. Astrophysical Journal, 138, 988-1001. HMJohnson1961The structure of the Small Magellanic CloudProceedings of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific7320281961PASP...73...20J10.1086/127613Johnson, H.M., 1961. The structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud. Proceedings of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 73, 20-28. KIKellermanWOrchistonBSlee2005Gordon James Stanley and the early development of radio astronomy in Australia and the United StatesPublications of the Astronomical Society of Australia2213232005PASA...22...13K10.1071/AS04008Kellerman, K.I., Orchiston, W., and Slee, B., 2005. Gordon James Stanley and the early development of radio astronomy in Australia and the United States. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 22, 13-23. Kerr, F.J., 1953. Minutes of the Hydrogen-Line Planning Committee Meeting dated 12 November. National Archives of Australia, Sydney, 972420 - C3830 - A1/3/17 Part 1. Kerr, F.J., 1954. Minutes of the Hydrogen Line Planning Committee Meeting dated 9 June. National Archives of Australia, Sydney, 972420 - C3830 - A1/3/17 Part 2. FJKerr1962Galactic velocity models and the interpretation of 21-cm surveysMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society1233273451962MNRAS.123..327KKerr, F.J., 1962. Galactic velocity models and the interpretation of 21-cm surveys. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 123, 327-345. FJKerrJVHindmanBJRobinson1954Observations of the 21 cm line from the Magellanic CloudsAustralian Journal of Physics72973141954AuJPh...7..297K10.1071/PH540297Kerr, F.J., Hindman, J.V., and Robinson, B J., 1954. Observations of the 21 cm line from the Magellanic Clouds. Australian Journal of Physics, 7, 297-314. JVKuilenburg1972A systematic search for high-velocity hydrogen outside the Galactic Plane IIAstronomy and Astrophysics162761972A&A....16..276VKuilenburg, J.V., 1972. A systematic search for high-velocity hydrogen outside the Galactic Plane II. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 16, 276. KKKweeCAMullerGWesterhout1954The rotation of the inner parts of the galactic systemBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands122112221954BAN....12..211KKwee, K.K., Muller, C.A., and Westerhout, G., 1954. The rotation of the inner parts of the galactic system. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 12, 211-222. EMLindsay1958The cluster system of the Small Magellanic CloudMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society1181721821958MNRAS.118..172LLindsay, E.M., 1958. The cluster system of the Small Magellanic Cloud. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 118, 172-182. EMLindsay1961A new catalogue of emission-line stars and planetary nebulae in the SmaDSMathewsonMNClearyJDMurray1974The Magellanic StreamAstrophysical Journal1902912961974ApJ...190..291M10.1086/152875Mathewson, D.S., Cleary, M.N., and Murray, J.D., 1974. The Magellanic Stream. Astrophysical Journal, 190, 291-296. Mathewson, D.S., Healey, J.R., and Rome, J.M., 1962. A radio survey of the southern Milky Way at a frequency of 1440 Mc/s. II. The continuum emission from the Galactic disk. Australian Journal of Physics, 15, 369-377. DSMathewsonSRWayteVLFordKRuan1987The `high velocity cloud' origin of the Magellanic systemProceedings of the Astronomical Society of Australia719251987PASAu...7...19MMathewson, D.S., Wayte, S.R., Ford, V.L., and Ruan, K., 1987. The `high velocity cloud' origin of the Magellanic system. Proceedings of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 7, 19-25. NMMcClure-GriffithsLStaveley-SmithFJLockmanMRCalabrettaHAFordPMWKalberlaTMurphyHNakanishiDJPisano2008An interaction of a Magellanic leading arm high-velocity cloud with the Milky Way diskAstrophysical Journal673L143L1462008ApJ...673L.143M10.1086/528683McClure-Griffiths, N.M., Staveley-Smith, L., Lockman, F.J., Calabretta, M.R., Ford, H.A., Kalberla, P.M. W., Murphy, T., Nakanishi, H., and Pisano, D.J., 2008. An interaction of a Magellanic leading arm high-velocity cloud with the Milky Way disk. Astrophysical Journal, 673, L143-L146. McCready, L.L., 1954. Letter to J.L. Pawsey, dated 19 August. National Archives of Australia, Sydney, 974347 - C3830 - F1/4/PAW/1. McCready, L.L., 1957. Letter to J.L. Pawsey, dated 28 October. National Archives of Australia, Sydney, 974347 - C3830 - F1/4/PAW/1. RXMcGee1964Large HI clouds in the GalaxyFJKerrThe Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium No. 20 Held in Canberra March 18-28, 1963Australian Academy of Science. PpCanberra126130McGee, R.X., 1964. Large HI clouds in the Galaxy. In Kerr, F.J. (ed.). The Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium No. 20 Held in Canberra March 18-28, 1963. Canberra, Australian Academy of Science. Pp. 126-130. McGee, R.X., and Milton, J.A., 1964. A sky survey of neutral hydrogen at λ 21 cm. III. Gas at higher radial velocities. Australian Journal of Physics, 17, 128-157. RXMcGeeJDMurray1961McGee, R.X., and Murray, J.D., 1961b. A sky survey of neutral hydrogen at λ 21 cm I. The general distribution and motions of the local gas. Australian Journal of Physics, 14, 260-278. McGee, R.X., Murray, J.D., and Milton, J.A., 1963. A sky survey of neutral hydrogen at λ 21 cm. II. The detailed distribution of low velocity gas. Australian Journal of Physics, 16, 136-170. RXMcGeeJDMurrayJLPawsey1961Streaming of interstellar hydrogen in the vicinity of the SunNature1899579591961Natur.189..957M10.1038/189957a0McGee, R.X., Murray, J.D., and Pawsey, J.L., 1961. Streaming of interstellar hydrogen in the vicinity of the Sun. Nature, 189, 957-959. KMMentenMJReidJForbrichABrunthaler2007The distance to the Orion NebulaAstronomy and Astrophysics4745155202007A&A...474..515M10.1051/0004-6361:20078247Menten, K.M., Reid, M.J., Forbrich, J., and Brunthaler, A., 2007. The distance to the Orion Nebula. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474, 515-520. CAMullerGWesterhout1957A catalogue of 21-cm line profilesBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands131511951957BAN....13..151MMuller, C.A., and Westerhout, G., 1957. A catalogue of 21-cm line profiles. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 13, 151-195. JDMurrayRXMcGee1958A new hydrogen cloud in Pyxis-HydraThe Observatory782422441958Obs....78..242MMurray, J.D., and McGee, R.X., 1958. A new hydrogen cloud in Pyxis-Hydra. The Observatory, 78, 242-244. JDMurrayRXMcGee1959Neutral hydrogen gas in the Taurus-Orion region observed with a multichannel 21 cm line receiverAustralian Journal of Physics121271331959AuJPh..12..127M10.1071/PH590127Murray, J.D., and McGee, R.X., 1959. Neutral hydrogen gas in the Taurus-Orion region observed with a multichannel 21 cm line receiver. Australian Journal of Physics, 12, 127-133. JDMurrayRXMcGee1963A multi-channel hydrogen line (21 cm) receiverProceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers Australia24191196Murray, J.D., and McGee, R.X., 1963. A multi-channel hydrogen line (21 cm) receiver. Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers Australia, 24, 191-196. AOllongrenHCHulstvan de1957Corrections of 21-cm line profilesBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands131962001957BAN....13..196OOllongren, A., and van de Hulst, H.C., 1957. Corrections of 21-cm line profiles. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 13, 196-200. WOrchiston1993New Zealand's role in the identification of the first "radio stars"Southern Stars3546521993SouSt..35...46OOrchiston, W., 1993. New Zealand's role in the identification of the first "radio stars." Southern Stars, 35, 46-52. WOrchiston1994John Bolton, discrete sources, and the New Zealand field-trip of 1948Australian Journal of Physics475415471994AuJPh..47..541OOrchiston, W., 1994. John Bolton, discrete sources, and the New Zealand field-trip of 1948. Australian Journal of Physics, 47, 541-547 Orchiston, W., 2004. The rise and fall of the Chris Cross: a pioneering Australian radio telescope. In Orchiston, W., Stephenson, R., Debarbat, S., and Nha, I.-S. (eds.). Astronomical Instruments and Archives from the Asia-Pacific Region. Seoul, IAU Commission 41. Pp. 157-162. WOrchistonDMathewson2009Chris Christiansen and the Chris CrossJournal of Astronomical History and Heritage1211322009JAHH...12...11OOrchiston, W., and Mathewson, D., 2009. Chris Christiansen and the Chris Cross. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 12, 11-32. WOrchistonBSlee2002Ingenuity and initiative in Australian radio astronomy: the Dover Heights `hole-in-the-ground' antennaJournal of Astronomical History and Heritage521342002JAHH....5...21OOrchiston, W., and Slee, B., 2002. Ingenuity and initiative in Australian radio astronomy: the Dover Heights `hole-in-the-ground' antenna. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 5, 21-34. WOrchistonBSlee2005The Radiophysics field stations and the early development of radio astronomyWOrchistonThe New Astronomy: Opening the Electromagnetic Window and Expanding our View of Planet EarthSpringer. PpDordrecht11916810.1007/1-4020-3724-4_8Orchiston, W., and Slee, B., 2005. The Radiophysics field stations and the early development of radio astronomy. In Orchiston, W. (ed.). The New Astronomy: Opening the Electromagnetic Window and Expanding our View of Planet Earth. Dordrecht, Springer. Pp. 119-168. WOrchistonTNakamuraRStrom2011Highlighting the History of Astronomy in the Asia-Pacific RegionNew YorkSpringerOrchiston, W., Nakamura, T., and Strom, R. (eds.), 2011. Highlighting the History of Astronomy in the Asia-Pacific Region. New York, Springer. AEERodgersKADudevoirJCCarterBJFanousEKratzenberg2005Deuterium abundance in the interstellar gas of the Galactic Anticentre from the 327 MHz LineAstrophysical Journal630L41L442005ApJ...630L..41R10.1086/466524Rodgers, A.E.E., Dudevoir, K.A., Carter, J.C., Fanous, B.J., and Kratzenberg, E., 2005. Deuterium abundance in the interstellar gas of the Galactic Anticentre from the 327 MHz Line. Astrophysical Journal, 630, L41-L44. VCRubinWKFord1970Rotation of the Andromeda Nebula from a spectroscopic survey of emission regionsAstrophysical Journal1593794031970ApJ...159..379R10.1086/150317Rubin, V.C., and Ford, W.K., 1970. Rotation of the Andromeda Nebula from a spectroscopic survey of emission regions. Astrophysical Journal, 159, 379-403. MSchmidt1957Spiral structure in the inner parts of the galactic system derived from the hydrogen emission at 21-cm wavelengthBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands132472681957BAN....13..247SSchmidt, M., 1957. Spiral structure in the inner parts of the galactic system derived from the hydrogen emission at 21-cm wavelength. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 13, 247-268. GAShain1957The inclination to the Galactic Equator of the general magnetic field of LSSparkeJSGallagher2000Galaxies in the Universe: An IntroductionCambridge University PressCambridgeSparke, L.S., and Gallagher, J.S., 2000. Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. SStanimirovicLStaveley-SmithJMDickeyRJSaultSLSnowden1999The large-scale HI structure of the Small Magellanic CloudMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society3024174361999MNRAS.302..417S10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02013.xStanimirovic, S., Staveley-Smith, L., Dickey, J.M., Sault, R.J., and Snowden, S.L., 1999. The large-scale HI structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 302, 417-436. GJStanleyRPrice1956An investigation of monochromatic radio emission of deuterium from the GalaxyNature177122112221956Natur.177.1221S10.1038/1771221a0Stanley, G.J., and Price, R., 1956. An investigation of monochromatic radio emission of deuterium from the Galaxy. Nature, 177, 1221-1222. Stanley, G.J., 1994. Recollections of John G. Bolton at Dover Heights and Caltech. Australian Journal of Physics, 47, 507-516. WTSullivan2009Cosmic Noise. A History of Early Radio AstronomyCambridge University PressCambridgeSullivan, W.T., 2009. Cosmic Noise. A History of Early Radio Astronomy. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Townes, C.H., 1957. Microwave and radio-frequency resonance lines of interest to radio astronomy. In van de Hulst, 92-103. HCHulstvan de1957Radio Astronomy, Proceedings from 4th IAU Symposium. International Astronomical UnionCambridgeCambridge University Pressvan de Hulst, H.C. (ed.), 1957. Radio Astronomy, Proceedings from 4th IAU Symposium. International Astronomical Union. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. HCHulstvan de1958Density and velocity distribution of the interstellar gasReviews of Modern Physics309139231958RvMP...30..913V10.1103/RevModPhys.30.913van de Hulst, H.C., 1958. Density and velocity distribution of the interstellar gas. Reviews of Modern Physics, 30, 913-923. HCHulstvan deCAMullerJHOort1954The spiral structure of the outer part of the galactic system derived from the hydrogen emission at 21 cm wavelengthBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands121171491954BAN....12..117Vvan de Hulst, H.C., Muller, C.A., and Oort, J.H., 1954. The spiral structure of the outer part of the galactic system derived from the hydrogen emission at 21 cm wavelength. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 12, 117-149. HWoerdenvanRStrom2006The beginnings of radio astronomy in the NetherlandsJournal of Astronomical History and Heritage93202006JAHH....9....3Vvan Woerden, H., and Strom, R., 2006. The beginnings of radio astronomy in the Netherlands. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 9, 3-20. PWannierGTWrixon1972An unusual high-velocity hydrogen featureAstrophysical Journal1731191231972ApJ...173L.119W10.1086/180930Wannier, P., and Wrixon, G.T., 1972. An unusual high-velocity hydrogen feature. Astrophysical Journal, 173, 119-123. Wendt, H.W., 2008. The Contribution of the CSIRO Division of Radiophysics Potts Hill and Murraybank Field Stations to International Radio Astronomy. Ph.D. Thesis, Centre for Astronomy, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia. Wendt, H., Orchiston, W., and Slee, B., 2008. W.N. Christiansen and the initial Australian investigation of the 21cm hydrogen line. Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 11, 185-193. Wendt, H.W., Orchiston, W., and Slee, W., 2011a. The contribution of the Division of Radiophysics Potts Hill field station to international radio astronomy. In Orchiston et al., 379-431. Wendt, H., Orchiston, W., and Slee, B., 2011b. The contribution of W.N. Christiansen to radio astronomy: 1948-1960. In Orchiston et al., 547-587. GWesterhout1957The distribution of atomic hydrogen in the outer parts of the galactic systemBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands132012461957BAN....13..201WWesterhout, G., 1957. The distribution of atomic hydrogen in the outer parts of the galactic system. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 13, 201-246. GWesterhout1958A survey of the continuous radiation from the galactic system at a frequency of 1390 Mc/sBulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands142152601958BAN....14..215WWesterhout, G., 1958. A survey of the continuous radiation from the galactic system at a frequency of 1390 Mc/s. Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands, 14, 215-260. JPWild1952The radio-frequency line spectrum of atomic hydrogen and its applications in astronomyAstrophysical Journal1152062211952ApJ...115..206W10.1086/145533Wild, J.P., 1952. The radio-frequency line spectrum of atomic hydrogen and its applications in astronomy. Astrophysical Journal, 115, 206-221.

  15. Structured Natural-Language Descriptions for Semantic Content Retrieval of Visual Materials.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tam, A. M.; Leung, C. H. C.

    2001-01-01

    Proposes a structure for natural language descriptions of the semantic content of visual materials that requires descriptions to be (modified) keywords, phrases, or simple sentences, with components that are grammatical relations common to many languages. This structure makes it easy to implement a collection's descriptions as a relational…

  16. Is Structural Subtyping Useful? An Empirical Study

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-12-01

    Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Abstract Structural subtyping is popular in research languages , but all mainstream object-oriented languages use...nominal subtyping. Since languages with structural subtyping are not in widespread use, the empiri- cal questions of whether and how structural...will provide guidance for language designers who are considering use of this subtyping discipline. Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No

  17. Software Design Description for the Polar Ice Prediction System (PIPS) Version 3.0

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-11-05

    Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5004 NRL/MR/7320--08-9150 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Software ...collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services , Directorate for...THIS PAGE 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT Software Design Description for the Polar Ice Prediction System (PIPS) Version 3.0 Pamela G

  18. Outcomes of corporate greed.

    PubMed

    Mohr, W K

    1997-01-01

    This study is the context portion of a larger study that described the experience of 30 nurses in Texas, USA who worked in for-profit psychiatric hospitals during a documented period of corporate deviance. The objective of the contextual portion was to describe the major findings in 1991-1992 of investigating agencies that probed the scandal. Exploratory descriptive. Over 1,240 pages and 40 hours of corporate records obtained under subpoena, and written and oral testimony before the USA House Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families. Content analysis, triangulating sources, and comparing as well as cross-checking themes. Four themes: insurance games, dumping patients, patient abuse, and playing with language. Organizational deviance may become more widespread in profit-driven systems of care. Lobbying for whistleblower protection, collective advocacy, and creative educational reforms are used.

  19. Online Tools for Astronomy and Cosmochemistry

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Meyer, B. S.

    2005-01-01

    Over the past year, the Webnucleo Group at Clemson University has been developing a web site with a number of interactive online tools for astronomy and cosmochemistry applications. The site uses SHP (Simplified Hypertext Preprocessor), which, because of its flexibility, allows us to embed almost any computer language into our web pages. For a description of SHP, please see http://www.joeldenny.com/ At our web site, an internet user may mine large and complex data sets, such as our stellar evolution models, and make graphs or tables of the results. The user may also run some of our detailed nuclear physics and astrophysics codes, such as our nuclear statistical equilibrium code, which is written in fortran and C. Again, the user may make graphs and tables and download the results.

  20. Improving the interactivity and functionality of Web-based radiology teaching files with the Java programming language.

    PubMed

    Eng, J

    1997-01-01

    Java is a programming language that runs on a "virtual machine" built into World Wide Web (WWW)-browsing programs on multiple hardware platforms. Web pages were developed with Java to enable Web-browsing programs to overlay transparent graphics and text on displayed images so that the user could control the display of labels and annotations on the images, a key feature not available with standard Web pages. This feature was extended to include the presentation of normal radiologic anatomy. Java programming was also used to make Web browsers compatible with the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file format. By enhancing the functionality of Web pages, Java technology should provide greater incentive for using a Web-based approach in the development of radiology teaching material.

  1. What Is Grammar and Why Teach It?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Greenbaum, Sidney

    The word "grammar" can be used in many ways: a general theory of language description; a theory for describing one language; a description of a particular language, either in the form of a book (an "English grammar") or the contents of that book; an ideal as opposed to actual description of a language; the properties and processes of a language…

  2. From Surfing to Diving: A Beginner's Guide to Enhancing the Foreign Language Classroom through Templates.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lally, Carolyn

    1998-01-01

    Provides a background to the development of the Internet; discusses Web sites as foreign-language-learning tools; and describes the Nicenet Internet Classroom Assistant that can be used as a software template for teachers to create their own Internet pages for foreign-language instruction. (Author/LRW)

  3. Defence of Foreign Language Teaching in Secondary Schools

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Van Passel, F. J. A.

    1974-01-01

    Shows the necessity of foreign language education for cognitive and attitudinal purposes as well as for utilitarian reasons. Foreign language learning/teaching can be of great educational value when it follows the thread of the logical and psychological steps in the creative/discovery procedure. A learning algorithm is mapped on page 61. See FL…

  4. 75 FR 42346 - Approval and Promulgation of Air Quality Implementation Plans; Colorado; Attainment Demonstration...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-21

    ... Demonstration F. Weight of Evidence G. Specific OAP Language H. SIP Control Measures I. Transportation... disagree; suggest alternatives and substitute language for your requested changes. Describe any assumptions.... Specific OAP Language We are proposing to disapprove the last paragraph on page IV-1 and the first...

  5. How We Read (between) the Lines: Miscue Analysis as an Indicator of Metacognitive Strategy Use in Foreign Language Reading

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Leavitt, Brynn C.

    2010-01-01

    What do we do when we read in another language? How do we make sense of the lexical and syntactic structures on the page? This study's development and use of the Miscue Coding for Metacognitive Strategies (MCMS), a foreign language assessment tool, offers language students and instructors a holistic approach to considering these questions. In this…

  6. Concussion - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... Information Translations Ukrainian (українська ) Expand Section Types of Brain Injury - українська (Ukrainian) Bilingual PDF Health Information Translations Characters not displaying correctly on this page? See language ...

  7. Health Information in Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ)

    MedlinePlus

    ... Videos & Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/punjabi.html Health Information in Punjabi (ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) To ...

  8. The language parallel Pascal and other aspects of the massively parallel processor

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Reeves, A. P.; Bruner, J. D.

    1982-01-01

    A high level language for the Massively Parallel Processor (MPP) was designed. This language, called Parallel Pascal, is described in detail. A description of the language design, a description of the intermediate language, Parallel P-Code, and details for the MPP implementation are included. Formal descriptions of Parallel Pascal and Parallel P-Code are given. A compiler was developed which converts programs in Parallel Pascal into the intermediate Parallel P-Code language. The code generator to complete the compiler for the MPP is being developed independently. A Parallel Pascal to Pascal translator was also developed. The architecture design for a VLSI version of the MPP was completed with a description of fault tolerant interconnection networks. The memory arrangement aspects of the MPP are discussed and a survey of other high level languages is given.

  9. Digital systems design language

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shiva, S. G.

    1979-01-01

    Digital Systems Design Language (DDL) is implemented on the SEL-32 Computer Systems. The detaileds of the language, the translator, and the simulator, and the smulator programs are given. Several example descriptions and a tutorial on hardware description languages are provided, to guide the user.

  10. MedlinePlus FAQ: Is audio description available for videos on MedlinePlus?

    MedlinePlus

    ... audiodescription.html Question: Is audio description available for videos on MedlinePlus? To use the sharing features on ... page, please enable JavaScript. Answer: Audio description of videos helps make the content of videos accessible to ...

  11. Health Information in Kurdish (Kurdî / کوردی)

    MedlinePlus

    ... Videos & Tools You Are Here: Home → Multiple Languages → Kurdish (Kurdî / کوردی) URL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/languages/kurdish.html Health Information in Kurdish (Kurdî / کوردی) To ...

  12. Advanced Languages for Systems Software

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1994-01-01

    these are too numerous to list here. Edoardo Biagioni . Post-doctoral researcher. System networking and kernel design and imple- mentation. Kenneth Cline...John Backus, John H. Williams, and Edward L. Wimmers. The programming language FL. In Turner [131], pages 219-247. [12] Edoardo Biagioni , Nicholas

  13. Graph Mining Meets the Semantic Web

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lee, Sangkeun; Sukumar, Sreenivas R; Lim, Seung-Hwan

    The Resource Description Framework (RDF) and SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) were introduced about a decade ago to enable flexible schema-free data interchange on the Semantic Web. Today, data scientists use the framework as a scalable graph representation for integrating, querying, exploring and analyzing data sets hosted at different sources. With increasing adoption, the need for graph mining capabilities for the Semantic Web has emerged. We address that need through implementation of three popular iterative Graph Mining algorithms (Triangle count, Connected component analysis, and PageRank). We implement these algorithms as SPARQL queries, wrapped within Python scripts. We evaluatemore » the performance of our implementation on 6 real world data sets and show graph mining algorithms (that have a linear-algebra formulation) can indeed be unleashed on data represented as RDF graphs using the SPARQL query interface.« less

  14. Hyper Text Mark-up Language and Dublin Core metadata element set usage in websites of Iranian State Universities' libraries.

    PubMed

    Zare-Farashbandi, Firoozeh; Ramezan-Shirazi, Mahtab; Ashrafi-Rizi, Hasan; Nouri, Rasool

    2014-01-01

    Recent progress in providing innovative solutions in the organization of electronic resources and research in this area shows a global trend in the use of new strategies such as metadata to facilitate description, place for, organization and retrieval of resources in the web environment. In this context, library metadata standards have a special place; therefore, the purpose of the present study has been a comparative study on the Central Libraries' Websites of Iran State Universities for Hyper Text Mark-up Language (HTML) and Dublin Core metadata elements usage in 2011. The method of this study is applied-descriptive and data collection tool is the check lists created by the researchers. Statistical community includes 98 websites of the Iranian State Universities of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and method of sampling is the census. Information was collected through observation and direct visits to websites and data analysis was prepared by Microsoft Excel software, 2011. The results of this study indicate that none of the websites use Dublin Core (DC) metadata and that only a few of them have used overlaps elements between HTML meta tags and Dublin Core (DC) elements. The percentage of overlaps of DC elements centralization in the Ministry of Health were 56% for both description and keywords and, in the Ministry of Science, were 45% for the keywords and 39% for the description. But, HTML meta tags have moderate presence in both Ministries, as the most-used elements were keywords and description (56%) and the least-used elements were date and formatter (0%). It was observed that the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Science follows the same path for using Dublin Core standard on their websites in the future. Because Central Library Websites are an example of scientific web pages, special attention in designing them can help the researchers to achieve faster and more accurate information resources. Therefore, the influence of librarians' ideas on the awareness of web designers and developers will be important for using metadata elements as general, and specifically for applying such standards.

  15. Hyper Text Mark-up Language and Dublin Core metadata element set usage in websites of Iranian State Universities’ libraries

    PubMed Central

    Zare-Farashbandi, Firoozeh; Ramezan-Shirazi, Mahtab; Ashrafi-Rizi, Hasan; Nouri, Rasool

    2014-01-01

    Introduction: Recent progress in providing innovative solutions in the organization of electronic resources and research in this area shows a global trend in the use of new strategies such as metadata to facilitate description, place for, organization and retrieval of resources in the web environment. In this context, library metadata standards have a special place; therefore, the purpose of the present study has been a comparative study on the Central Libraries’ Websites of Iran State Universities for Hyper Text Mark-up Language (HTML) and Dublin Core metadata elements usage in 2011. Materials and Methods: The method of this study is applied-descriptive and data collection tool is the check lists created by the researchers. Statistical community includes 98 websites of the Iranian State Universities of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and method of sampling is the census. Information was collected through observation and direct visits to websites and data analysis was prepared by Microsoft Excel software, 2011. Results: The results of this study indicate that none of the websites use Dublin Core (DC) metadata and that only a few of them have used overlaps elements between HTML meta tags and Dublin Core (DC) elements. The percentage of overlaps of DC elements centralization in the Ministry of Health were 56% for both description and keywords and, in the Ministry of Science, were 45% for the keywords and 39% for the description. But, HTML meta tags have moderate presence in both Ministries, as the most-used elements were keywords and description (56%) and the least-used elements were date and formatter (0%). Conclusion: It was observed that the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Science follows the same path for using Dublin Core standard on their websites in the future. Because Central Library Websites are an example of scientific web pages, special attention in designing them can help the researchers to achieve faster and more accurate information resources. Therefore, the influence of librarians’ ideas on the awareness of web designers and developers will be important for using metadata elements as general, and specifically for applying such standards. PMID:24741646

  16. Making the World Wide Web Accessible to All Students.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Guthrie, Sally A.

    2000-01-01

    Examines the accessibility of Web sites belonging to 80 colleges of communications and schools of journalism by examining the hypertext markup language (HTML) used to format the pages. Suggests ways to revise the markup of pages to make them more accessible to students with vision, hearing, and mobility problems. Lists resources of the latest…

  17. Digital systems design language. Design synthesis of digital systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shiva, S. G.

    1979-01-01

    The Digital Systems Design Language (DDL) is implemented on the SEL-32 computer systems. The details of the language, translator and simulator programs are included. Several example descriptions and a tutorial on hardware description languages are provided, to guide the user.

  18. A Combinatorial Geometry Computer Description of the M577A1 Light Tracked Command Post Carrier

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-12-01

    REPORT DATE DECEMBER 1979 13. NUMBER OF PAGES 107 1 «. MONITORING AGENCY NAME ft ADDRESS(lf dlHermt Irom Controlling OUIce) 15...DISTRIBUTION LIST 103 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 . The M577A1 Command Post Carrier 10 2. Intersection (+), Subtraction (-), Union (OR) of Solids...with a computer- ized description of the M577A1. A photograph of the vehicle is shown in Figure 1 . Presently, the BRL employs a technique known as

  19. Research for Practice: A Look at Issues in Technology for Second Language Learning

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chapelle, Carol A.

    2010-01-01

    Over the past fourteen years, the pages of "Language Learning & Technology" have been filled with examples of research that take up the challenge of investigating second language learning through technology. It has been a period of expansion and growth in many ways. The expansion of technologies as well as their acceptance and use in language…

  20. Research in Knowledge Representation for Natural Language Understanding

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-11-01

    artificial intelligence, natural language understanding , parsing, syntax, semantics, speaker meaning, knowledge representation, semantic networks...TinB PAGE map M W006 1Report No. 4513 L RESEARCH IN KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING Annual Report 1 September 1979 to 31... understanding , knowledge representation, and knowledge based inference. The work that we have been doing falls into three classes, successively motivated by

  1. Space Station Freedom biomedical monitoring and countermeasures: Biomedical facility hardware catalog

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1990-01-01

    This hardware catalog covers that hardware proposed under the Biomedical Monitoring and Countermeasures Development Program supported by the Johnson Space Center. The hardware items are listed separately by item, and are in alphabetical order. Each hardware item specification consists of four pages. The first page describes background information with an illustration, definition and a history/design status. The second page identifies the general specifications, performance, rack interface requirements, problems, issues, concerns, physical description, and functional description. The level of hardware design reliability is also identified under the maintainability and reliability category. The third page specifies the mechanical design guidelines and assumptions. Described are the material types and weights, modules, and construction methods. Also described is an estimation of percentage of construction which utilizes a particular method, and the percentage of required new mechanical design is documented. The fourth page analyzes the electronics, the scope of design effort, and the software requirements. Electronics are described by percentages of component types and new design. The design effort, as well as, the software requirements are identified and categorized.

  2. HBVPathDB: a database of HBV infection-related molecular interaction network.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Yi; Bo, Xiao-Chen; Yang, Jing; Wang, Sheng-Qi

    2005-03-21

    To describe molecules or genes interaction between hepatitis B viruses (HBV) and host, for understanding how virus' and host's genes and molecules are networked to form a biological system and for perceiving mechanism of HBV infection. The knowledge of HBV infection-related reactions was organized into various kinds of pathways with carefully drawn graphs in HBVPathDB. Pathway information is stored with relational database management system (DBMS), which is currently the most efficient way to manage large amounts of data and query is implemented with powerful Structured Query Language (SQL). The search engine is written using Personal Home Page (PHP) with SQL embedded and web retrieval interface is developed for searching with Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). We present the first version of HBVPathDB, which is a HBV infection-related molecular interaction network database composed of 306 pathways with 1 050 molecules involved. With carefully drawn graphs, pathway information stored in HBVPathDB can be browsed in an intuitive way. We develop an easy-to-use interface for flexible accesses to the details of database. Convenient software is implemented to query and browse the pathway information of HBVPathDB. Four search page layout options-category search, gene search, description search, unitized search-are supported by the search engine of the database. The database is freely available at http://www.bio-inf.net/HBVPathDB/HBV/. The conventional perspective HBVPathDB have already contained a considerable amount of pathway information with HBV infection related, which is suitable for in-depth analysis of molecular interaction network of virus and host. HBVPathDB integrates pathway data-sets with convenient software for query, browsing, visualization, that provides users more opportunity to identify regulatory key molecules as potential drug targets and to explore the possible mechanism of HBV infection based on gene expression datasets.

  3. Patient-oriented methotrexate information sites on the Internet: a review of completeness, accuracy, format, reliability, credibility, and readability.

    PubMed

    Thompson, Andrew E; Graydon, Sara L

    2009-01-01

    With continuing use of the Internet, rheumatologists are referring patients to various websites to gain information about medications and diseases. Our goal was to develop and evaluate a Medication Website Assessment Tool (MWAT) for use by health professionals, and to explore the overall quality of methotrexate information presented on common English-language websites. Identification of websites was performed using a search strategy on the search engine Google. The first 250 hits were screened. Inclusion criteria included those English-language websites from authoritative sources, trusted medical, physicians', and common health-related websites. Websites from pharmaceutical companies, online pharmacies, and where the purpose seemed to be primarily advertisements were also included. Product monographs or technical-based web pages and web pages where the information was clearly directed at patients with cancer were excluded. Two reviewers independently scored each included web page for completeness and accuracy, format, readability, reliability, and credibility. An overall ranking was provided for each methotrexate information page. Twenty-eight web pages were included in the analysis. The average score for completeness and accuracy was 15.48+/-3.70 (maximum 24) with 10 out of 28 pages scoring 18 (75%) or higher. The average format score was 6.00+/-1.46 (maximum 8). The Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level revealed an average grade level of 10.07+/-1.84, with 5 out of 28 websites written at a reading level less than grade 8; however, no web page scored at a grade 5 to 6 level. An overall ranking was calculated identifying 8 web pages as appropriate sources of accurate and reliable methotrexate information. With the enormous amount of information available on the Internet, it is important to direct patients to web pages that are complete, accurate, readable, and credible sources of information. We identified web pages that may serve the interests of both rheumatologists and patients.

  4. 47 CFR 95.27 - Paging receiver description.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... receiver is a unit capable of receiving the radio signals from a base station for the bearer to hear a page (someone's name or other identifier said in order to find, summon or notify him/her) spoken by the base station operator. ...

  5. Generating GraphML XML Files for Graph Visualization of Architectures and Event Traces for the Monterey Phoenix Program

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    Thesis Advisor: Mikhail Auguston Second Reader: Terry Norbraten THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved...Language (GraphML). MPGrapher compiles well- formed XML files that conform to the yEd GraphML schema. These files will be opened and analyzed using...ABSTRACT UU NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 ii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK iii Approved

  6. The Loyal Opposition Comments on Plan Domain Description Languages

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Frank, Jeremy; Golden, Keith; Jonsson, Ari

    2003-01-01

    In this paper we take a critical look at PDDL 2.1 as designers and users of plan domain description languages. We describe planning domains that have features which are hard to model using PDDL 2.1. We then offer some suggestions on domain description language design, and describe how these suggestions make modeling our chosen domains easier.

  7. 10 CFR 1022.14 - Findings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... to exceed three pages, that contains: (1) A brief description of the proposed action, including a... applicable floodplain protection standards; and (5) A brief description of steps to be taken to minimize...

  8. 10 CFR 1022.14 - Findings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... to exceed three pages, that contains: (1) A brief description of the proposed action, including a... applicable floodplain protection standards; and (5) A brief description of steps to be taken to minimize...

  9. 10 CFR 1022.14 - Findings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... to exceed three pages, that contains: (1) A brief description of the proposed action, including a... applicable floodplain protection standards; and (5) A brief description of steps to be taken to minimize...

  10. The Manu-Facturing of a Language.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Washabaugh, William

    1980-01-01

    Discusses Providence Island Sign Language (PSL), an autochthonous and relatively immature language of about 20 speakers. It is a nascent and evolving language whose description can produce rich results for linguistic theory. Such a description will also be an explanation of the phylogeny of a linguistic system. (Author/PJM)

  11. Reese Sorenson's Individual Professional Page

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Sorenson, Reese; Nixon, David (Technical Monitor)

    1998-01-01

    The subject document is a World Wide Web (WWW) page entitled, "Reese Sorenson's Individual Professional Page." Its can be accessed at "http://george.arc.nasa.gov/sorenson/personal/index.html". The purpose of this page is to make the reader aware of me, who I am, and what I do. It lists my work assignments, my computer experience, my place in the NASA hierarchy, publications by me, awards received by me, my education, and how to contact me. Writing this page was a learning experience, pursuant to an element in my Job Description which calls for me to be able to use the latest computers. This web page contains very little technical information, none of which is classified or sensitive.

  12. 106-17 Telemetry Standards Metadata Configuration Chapter 23

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-07-01

    23-1 23.2 Metadata Description Language ...Chapter 23, July 2017 iii Acronyms HTML Hypertext Markup Language MDL Metadata Description Language PCM pulse code modulation TMATS Telemetry...Attributes Transfer Standard W3C World Wide Web Consortium XML eXtensible Markup Language XSD XML schema document Telemetry Network Standard

  13. Analysis and Design of a Distributed System for Management and Distribution of Natural Language Assertions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-09-01

    5 2. SCIL Architecture ...............................................................................6 3. Assertions...137 x THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK xi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. SCIL architecture...Database Connectivity LAN Local Area Network ODBC Open Database Connectivity SCIL Social-Cultural Content in Language UMD

  14. "No, Says the Signified": The "Logical Status" of Words in Painting.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    James, Carol Plyley

    1985-01-01

    Examines the interdependence of language and image in a poster series by Shosaku Arakawa and relates the displacement of writing from the book page to his canvases or posters to theories of performative language to show that his work is itself performance. (DF)

  15. Cyber-Argus: Modeling C2 Impacts of Cyber Attacks

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-06-01

    19th ICCRTS - # 096 Page 10 of 24 ( BPMN ). However, any process modeling language with the ability to capture the information described above could...AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION. RTO-TR-MSG-048 - Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML). February 2012. [41] ALLWEYER, T. BPMN 2.0: Introduction

  16. Web Pages as an Interdisciplinary Tool in English for Architects Classes.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mansilla, Paloma Ubeda

    2002-01-01

    Proposes the use of web pages as an interdisciplinary tool in classes of English for professional and academic purposes. Languages and computing are two areas of knowledge that the graduate of the Polytechnic University of Madrid and its School of architecture need to study in order to supplement the education received during their degree with the…

  17. Training Joint, Interagency, Intergovernmental, and Multinational (JIIM) Participants for Stability Operations

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-01

    boxes) using a third-party commercial software component. When creating version 1, it was necessary to enter raw Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) tags...Markup Language (HTML) web page. Figure 12. Authors create procedures using the Procedure Editor. Users run procedures using the...step presents instructions to the user using formatted text and graphics specified using the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Instructions can

  18. TMATS/ IHAL/ DDML Schema Validation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-02-01

    task was to create a method for performing IRIG eXtensible Markup Language (XML) schema validation. As opposed to XML instance document validation...TMATS / IHAL / DDML Schema Validation, RCC 126-17, February 2017 vii Acronyms DDML Data Display Markup Language HUD heads-up display iNET...system XML eXtensible Markup Language TMATS / IHAL / DDML Schema Validation, RCC 126-17, February 2017 viii This page intentionally left blank

  19. Truth and probability in evolutionary games

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Barrett, Jeffrey A.

    2017-01-01

    This paper concerns two composite Lewis-Skyrms signalling games. Each consists in a base game that evolves a language descriptive of nature and a metagame that coevolves a language descriptive of the base game and its evolving language. The first composite game shows how a pragmatic notion of truth might coevolve with a simple descriptive language. The second shows how a pragmatic notion of probability might similarly coevolve. Each of these pragmatic notions is characterised by the particular game and role that it comes to play in the game.

  20. Effective US health system websites: establishing benchmarks and standards for effective consumer engagement.

    PubMed

    Ford, Eric W; Huerta, Timothy R; Schilhavy, Richard A M; Menachemi, Nir

    2012-01-01

    Hospitals and health systems are playing increasingly important roles as care coordination hubs and consumer information sources. In particular, the accountable care organization (ACO) and medical home models promoted in the Affordable Care Act place hospitals at the center of many activities related to health information exchange. Therefore, it is important for these organizations to have effective websites, and the need for a social media presence to connect with consumers is growing quickly. The purpose of this study is to assess the websites of hospitals and health systems on four dimensions: accessibility, content, marketing, and technology. In addition, an overall score is calculated to identify the top 25 hospital and health system websites. Specific website elements that healthcare managers can inspect visually are described for each dimension in the discussion section. Generally, hospital and health system websites can be more effective from an end user's perspective. In particular, hospitals and health systems lagged on the accessibility scale that measures the education level required to understand the language used on a site. The scale also assesses the extent to which web pages are designed for ease of movement from page to page using embedded links. Given that healthcare consumers come from every demographic and stratum of society, it is important that user-friendliness be optimized for a broadly defined audience. Hospital and health system websites can also be improved on the technology scale, as many sites do not return clear descriptions of links to search engines such as Google and Bing that use webcrawlers to collect information.

  1. It's Working. . .Collaboration in Career Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Office of Career Education (DHEW/OE), Washington, DC.

    Designed for the collaboration between educators and community persons, this book contains thirty-eight staff training and thirty-four student career education activities. Following a table of contents that contains annotated descriptions of the activities, a two-page description of each activity is provided. Each description includes an activity…

  2. CIDR

    Science.gov Websites

    description of GigaMUGA can be found at: The Mouse Universal Genotyping Array: from substrains to subspecies Services page for a full description of what is included for all study types See our Sample Requirements

  3. A Domain Description Language for Data Processing

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Golden, Keith

    2003-01-01

    We discuss an application of planning to data processing, a planning problem which poses unique challenges for domain description languages. We discuss these challenges and why the current PDDL standard does not meet them. We discuss DPADL (Data Processing Action Description Language), a language for describing planning domains that involve data processing. DPADL is a declarative, object-oriented language that supports constraints and embedded Java code, object creation and copying, explicit inputs and outputs for actions, and metadata descriptions of existing and desired data. DPADL is supported by the IMAGEbot system, which we are using to provide automation for an ecological forecasting application. We compare DPADL to PDDL and discuss changes that could be made to PDDL to make it more suitable for representing planning domains that involve data processing actions.

  4. 17 CFR 4.24 - General disclosures required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... THE RISKS AND OTHER FACTORS NECESSARY TO EVALUATE YOUR PARTICIPATION IN THIS COMMODITY POOL. THEREFORE... DOCUMENT, INCLUDING A DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL RISK FACTORS OF THIS INVESTMENT, AT PAGE (insert page... required past performance disclosure for such person must be indicated. (g) Principal risk factors. A...

  5. A Text Knowledge Base from the AI Handbook.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Simmons, Robert F.

    1987-01-01

    Describes a prototype natural language text knowledge system (TKS) that was used to organize 50 pages of a handbook on artificial intelligence as an inferential knowledge base with natural language query and command capabilities. Representation of text, database navigation, query systems, discourse structuring, and future research needs are…

  6. Interlinguistics and the Internet.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fettes, Mark

    1997-01-01

    Argues that the Internet offers new opportunities for the development, use, and study of planned languages. Notes that while most Web pages on "constructed" languages are the work of individual hobbyists, a few projects have small communities of users. The paper concludes that the use of Esperanto on the Internet reflects increased socialization…

  7. Syntactic Language Correlates of Written Communication Apprehension.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stacks, Don W.; And Others

    A study provided the initial test of a multidimensional instrument based on the idea that syntactic language choice might predict writing apprehension. The test measured six factors: (1) blank page paralysis, (2) general affect toward writing, (3) positive/negative business affect, (4) alternative modes, (5) attitude toward writing competence, and…

  8. Descriptive Metadata: Emerging Standards.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ahronheim, Judith R.

    1998-01-01

    Discusses metadata, digital resources, cross-disciplinary activity, and standards. Highlights include Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML); Extensible Markup Language (XML); Dublin Core; Resource Description Framework (RDF); Text Encoding Initiative (TEI); Encoded Archival Description (EAD); art and cultural-heritage metadata initiatives;…

  9. Comparative Research of Navy Voluntary Education at Operational Commands

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-03-01

    return on investment, ROI, logistic regression, multivariate analysis, descriptive statistics, Markov, time-series, linear programming 15. NUMBER...21  B.  DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS TABLES ...............................................25  C.  PRIVACY CONSIDERATIONS...THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK xi LIST OF TABLES Table 1.  Variables and Descriptions . Adapted from NETC (2016). .......................21

  10. Detection of Brain Reorganization in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Using Functional MRI

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-10-01

    Unclassified b. ABSTRACT Unclassified c. THIS PAGE Unclassified Unclassified 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code ) Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98...Research titled: “Passive fMRI mapping of language function for pediatric epilepsy surgery : validation using Wada, ECS, and FMAER” 2. Invited talk to...The mapping of language is important in pediatric patients who will undergo resection surgery near cortical regions essential for language function

  11. Self-Assessment of Word Knowledge with Graded Readers: A Preliminary Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wan-a-rom, Udorn

    2010-01-01

    The study investigated how second language (L2) learners self-assessed word knowledge on a page of text taken from a graded reader. The case study subjects were five Thai high school learners of English. They were asked to assess their word knowledge using a page of continuous text. Data gained through observation, interviews, self-assessment and…

  12. Bakk'autugh Ts'uhuniy = Stories We Live By. Traditional Koyukon Athabaskan Stories Told by Catherine Attla, with Teacher's Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jones, Eliza, Ed.; And Others

    This collection of eighteen traditional stories are told in Koyukon Athabaskan, an American Indian language variety spoken in Alaska, on the left page and in English translation on the right page. Introductory sections provide background information on the oral tradition from which the stories come, the translations, the storyteller and her…

  13. Class Web Sites Can Offer Enhanced Access to Information for Language Minority Parents and Students: Promising Practices.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Slowinski, Joseph

    1999-01-01

    Offers suggestions on how to add the power of a free online translator, links, and multicultural search engines to a teacher's classroom home page. Describes the Alta Vista Babelfish online translation service that can be used to translate Web pages on a variety of topics written in German, Spanish, Italian, French, or Portuguese. (SLD)

  14. Health Topic XML File Description

    MedlinePlus

    ... description (200 characters maximum) summarizing the page content Example: meta-desc="If you are being tested for Type 2 diabetes, your doctor gives you an A1C test. The test is also used to monitor your ...

  15. EAGLE: 'EAGLE'Is an' Algorithmic Graph Library for Exploration

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    2015-01-16

    The Resource Description Framework (RDF) and SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) were introduced about a decade ago to enable flexible schema-free data interchange on the Semantic Web. Today data scientists use the framework as a scalable graph representation for integrating, querying, exploring and analyzing data sets hosted at different sources. With increasing adoption, the need for graph mining capabilities for the Semantic Web has emerged. Today there is no tools to conduct "graph mining" on RDF standard data sets. We address that need through implementation of popular iterative Graph Mining algorithms (Triangle count, Connected component analysis, degree distribution,more » diversity degree, PageRank, etc.). We implement these algorithms as SPARQL queries, wrapped within Python scripts and call our software tool as EAGLE. In RDF style, EAGLE stands for "EAGLE 'Is an' algorithmic graph library for exploration. EAGLE is like 'MATLAB' for 'Linked Data.'« less

  16. Effects Of Navy Energy Goals On The Navy Shore Energy Programs

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-12-01

    release. Distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704–0188 Public reporting...Unclassified 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UU NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 ii THIS PAGE...construction and any equipment necessary for an acceptable product. In general, specifications are in the form of written descriptions, drawings, prints

  17. Space exploration initiative candidate nuclear propulsion test facilities

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Baldwin, Darrell; Clark, John S.

    1993-01-01

    One-page descriptions for approximately 200 existing government, university, and industry facilities which may be available in the future to support SEI nuclear propulsion technology development and test program requirements are provided. To facilitate use of the information, the candidate facilities are listed both by location (Index L) and by Facility Type (Index FT). The included one-page descriptions provide a brief narrative description of facility capability, suggest potential uses for each facility, and designate a point of contact for additional information that may be needed in the future. The Nuclear Propulsion Office at NASA Lewis presently plans to maintain, expand, and update this information periodically for use by NASA, DOE, and DOD personnel involved in planning various phases of the SEI Nuclear Propulsion Project.

  18. Instrumentation Hardware Abstraction Language (IHAL) Handbook

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-01-01

    1-1 1.1 The Range Commanders Council (RCC) and IHAL ....................................................... 1-1 1.2 Problem Description ...1-5 1.3.1 IHAL as a Description Language...Figure 2-6. Generic IHAL Device Schema Diagram ............................................................. 2-7 Figure 2-7. Device Description Schema

  19. A multilingual assessment of melanoma information quality on the Internet.

    PubMed

    Bari, Lilla; Kemeny, Lajos; Bari, Ferenc

    2014-06-01

    This study aims to assess and compare melanoma information quality in Hungarian, Czech, and German languages on the Internet. We used country-specific Google search engines to retrieve the first 25 uniform resource locators (URLs) by searching the word "melanoma" in the given language. Using the automated toolbar of Health On the Net Foundation (HON), we assessed each Web site for HON certification based on the Health On the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode). Information quality was determined using a 35-point checklist created by Bichakjian et al. (J Clin Oncol 20:134-141, 2002), with the NCCN melanoma guideline as control. After excluding duplicate and link-only pages, a total of 24 Hungarian, 18 Czech, and 21 German melanoma Web sites were evaluated and rated. The amount of HON certified Web sites was the highest among the German Web pages (19%). One of the retrieved Hungarian and none of the Czech Web sites were HON certified. We found the highest number of Web sites containing comprehensive, correct melanoma information in German language, followed by Czech and Hungarian pages. Although the majority of the Web sites lacked data about incidence, risk factors, prevention, treatment, work-up, and follow-up, at least one comprehensive, high-quality Web site was found in each language. Several Web sites contained incorrect information in each language. While a small amount of comprehensive, quality melanoma-related Web sites was found, most of the retrieved Web content lacked basic disease information, such as risk factors, prevention, and treatment. A significant number of Web sites contained malinformation. In case of melanoma, primary and secondary preventions are of especially high importance; therefore, the improvement of disease information quality available on the Internet is necessary.

  20. Modeling and validating HL7 FHIR profiles using semantic web Shape Expressions (ShEx).

    PubMed

    Solbrig, Harold R; Prud'hommeaux, Eric; Grieve, Grahame; McKenzie, Lloyd; Mandel, Joshua C; Sharma, Deepak K; Jiang, Guoqian

    2017-03-01

    HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is an emerging open standard for the exchange of electronic healthcare information. FHIR resources are defined in a specialized modeling language. FHIR instances can currently be represented in either XML or JSON. The FHIR and Semantic Web communities are developing a third FHIR instance representation format in Resource Description Framework (RDF). Shape Expressions (ShEx), a formal RDF data constraint language, is a candidate for describing and validating the FHIR RDF representation. Create a FHIR to ShEx model transformation and assess its ability to describe and validate FHIR RDF data. We created the methods and tools that generate the ShEx schemas modeling the FHIR to RDF specification being developed by HL7 ITS/W3C RDF Task Force, and evaluated the applicability of ShEx in the description and validation of FHIR to RDF transformations. The ShEx models contributed significantly to workgroup consensus. Algorithmic transformations from the FHIR model to ShEx schemas and FHIR example data to RDF transformations were incorporated into the FHIR build process. ShEx schemas representing 109 FHIR resources were used to validate 511 FHIR RDF data examples from the Standards for Trial Use (STU 3) Ballot version. We were able to uncover unresolved issues in the FHIR to RDF specification and detect 10 types of errors and root causes in the actual implementation. The FHIR ShEx representations have been included in the official FHIR web pages for the STU 3 Ballot version since September 2016. ShEx can be used to define and validate the syntax of a FHIR resource, which is complementary to the use of RDF Schema (RDFS) and Web Ontology Language (OWL) for semantic validation. ShEx proved useful for describing a standard model of FHIR RDF data. The combination of a formal model and a succinct format enabled comprehensive review and automated validation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. Full-body gestures and movements recognition: user descriptive and unsupervised learning approaches in GDL classifier

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hachaj, Tomasz; Ogiela, Marek R.

    2014-09-01

    Gesture Description Language (GDL) is a classifier that enables syntactic description and real time recognition of full-body gestures and movements. Gestures are described in dedicated computer language named Gesture Description Language script (GDLs). In this paper we will introduce new GDLs formalisms that enable recognition of selected classes of movement trajectories. The second novelty is new unsupervised learning method with which it is possible to automatically generate GDLs descriptions. We have initially evaluated both proposed extensions of GDL and we have obtained very promising results. Both the novel methodology and evaluation results will be described in this paper.

  2. Chapin Hall Center for Children.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chicago Univ., IL. Chapin Hall Center for Children.

    This document consists of two separate publications: (1) "The Power of Knowing", a brief 12-page description of the Chapin Hall Center for Children, and (2) "Projects and Publications", a 67-page list of the center's projects and publications as of Autumn 1997. "The Power of Knowing" describes the Chapin Hall Center…

  3. 77 FR 64768 - Regulations Regarding the Application of Section 172(h) Including Consolidated Groups; Correction

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-23

    ... treatment of multiple step plans for the acquisition of stock and CERTs involving members of a consolidated... language ``Service, 1111 Constitution Avenue NW.,'' is corrected to read ``Service, 1111 Constitution... from the bottom of the page, the language ``return group; (4) application of these'' is corrected to...

  4. A Tutorial in Creating Web-Enabled Databases with Inmagic DB/TextWorks through ODBC.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Breeding, Marshall

    2000-01-01

    Explains how to create Web-enabled databases. Highlights include Inmagic's DB/Text WebPublisher product called DB/TextWorks; ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) drivers; Perl programming language; HTML coding; Structured Query Language (SQL); Common Gateway Interface (CGI) programming; and examples of HTML pages and Perl scripts. (LRW)

  5. Network Update: WWW Page Writing and Design Helpers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Higgins, Chris

    1997-01-01

    Lists and describes the sites available on the World Wide Web used for Web-based projects for language education. Notes that the number and style of such sites has risen dramatically, reflecting a growing interest among language teaching faculty. Points out that both a program's content and its presentation affect its feasibility as an educational…

  6. Indiana Reading Diagnostic Assessment: Resource & Intervention Guide, Kindergarten. Additional Activities and Assessments

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Indiana Department of Education, 2006

    2006-01-01

    The materials included in this manual are organized according to the Indiana's Kindergarten Academic Standards for English/Language Arts. In each section teachers will find: (1) Indiana's Kindergarten Academic Standards for English/Language Arts Assessments: Black Line Masters of diagnostic/practice pages for skill areas, checklists, and rubrics;…

  7. Sign Language Web Pages

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fels, Deborah I.; Richards, Jan; Hardman, Jim; Lee, Daniel G.

    2006-01-01

    The World Wide Web has changed the way people interact. It has also become an important equalizer of information access for many social sectors. However, for many people, including some sign language users, Web accessing can be difficult. For some, it not only presents another barrier to overcome but has left them without cultural equality. The…

  8. Knowledge Query Language (KQL)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-02-12

    Lexington Massachusetts This page intentionally left blank. iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Currently, queries for data ...retrieval from non-Structured Query Language (NoSQL) data stores are tightly coupled to the specific implementation of the data store implementation...independent of the storage content and format for querying NoSQL or relational data stores. This approach uses address expressions (or A-Expressions

  9. Collaboration or Cooperation? Analyzing Group Dynamics and Revision Processes in Wikis

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Arnold, Nike; Ducate, Lara; Kost, Claudia

    2012-01-01

    This study examines the online writing and revision behaviors of university language learners. In small groups, 53 intermediate German students from three classes at three different universities created wiki pages with background information about a novel read in class. All meaning- and language-related revisions were analyzed to determine whether…

  10. A Guided Summary Completion Test for Long Academic Texts.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bensoussan, Marsha

    Because testing comprehension of long (5- to 10-page) second-language texts is more complex than testing shorter texts, an alternative form of second language reading comprehension test is needed. In a guided summary completion test, students are presented with a greatly shortened version of the text (e.g., one-paragraph summary), containing…

  11. Web accessibility support for visually impaired users using link content analysis.

    PubMed

    Iwata, Hajime; Kobayashi, Naofumi; Tachibana, Kenji; Shirogane, Junko; Fukazawa, Yoshiaki

    2013-12-01

    Web pages are used for a variety of purposes. End users must understand dynamically changing content and sequentially follow page links to find desired material, requiring significant time and effort. However, for visually impaired users using screen readers, it can be difficult to find links to web pages when link text and alternative text descriptions are inappropriate. Our method supports the discovery of content by analyzing 8 categories of link types, and allows visually impaired users to be aware of the content represented by links in advance. This facilitates end users access to necessary information on web pages. Our method of classifying web page links is therefore effective as a means of evaluating accessibility.

  12. The Subsystem of Numerals in Catalan Sign Language: Description and Examples from a Psycholinguistic Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fuentes, Mariana; Tolchinsky, Liliana

    2004-01-01

    Linguistic descriptions of sign languages are important to the recognition of their linguistic status. These languages are an essential part of the cultural heritage of the communities that create and use them and vital in the education of deaf children. They are also the reference point in language acquisition studies. Ours is exploratory…

  13. Security Modeling and Correctness Proof Using Specware and Isabelle

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-12-01

    proving requires substantial knowledge and experience in logical calculus . 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 146 14. SUBJECT TERMS Formal Method, Theorem...although the actual proving requires substantial knowledge and experience in logical calculus . vi THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vii TABLE OF...formal language and provides tools for proving those formulas in a logical calculus ” [5]. We are demonstrating in this thesis that a specification in

  14. Voice/Natural Language Interfacing for Robotic Control.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-11-01

    THIS PAGE REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Is. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb . RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS UNCLASSIFIED 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3...until major computing power can be profitably allocated to the speech recognition process, off-the- shelf units will never have sufficient intelligence to...coordinate transformation for a location, and opening or closing the gripper’s toggles. External to world operations, each joint may be rotated

  15. Specialized Silicon Compilers for Language Recognition.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-07-01

    realizations of non-deterministic automata have been reported that solve these problems in diffierent ways. Floyd and Ullman [ 281 have presented a...in Applied Mathematics, pages 19-31. American Mathematical Society, 1967. [ 281 Floyd, R. W. and J. D. Ullman. The Compilation of Regular Expressions...Shannon (editor). Automata Studies, chapter 1, pages 3-41. Princeton University Press, Princeton. N. J., 1956. [44] Kohavi, Zwi . Switching and Finite

  16. Variation and Linguistic Theory.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bailey, Charles-James N.

    This volume presents principles and models for describing language variation, and introduces a time-based, dynamic framework for linguistic description. The book first summarizes some of the problems of grammatical description encountered from Saussure through the present and then outlines possibilities for new descriptions of language which take…

  17. Towards a semantics-based approach in the development of geographic portals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Athanasis, Nikolaos; Kalabokidis, Kostas; Vaitis, Michail; Soulakellis, Nikolaos

    2009-02-01

    As the demand for geospatial data increases, the lack of efficient ways to find suitable information becomes critical. In this paper, a new methodology for knowledge discovery in geographic portals is presented. Based on the Semantic Web, our approach exploits the Resource Description Framework (RDF) in order to describe the geoportal's information with ontology-based metadata. When users traverse from page to page in the portal, they take advantage of the metadata infrastructure to navigate easily through data of interest. New metadata descriptions are published in the geoportal according to the RDF schemas.

  18. CDC Vital Signs: Trucker Safety

    MedlinePlus

    ... to 84% in 2013). View larger image and text description Infographic View larger image and text description Top of Page What Can Be Done ... to take rest breaks. Prohibiting truck drivers from text messaging or using a handheld cell phone while ...

  19. 78 FR 25260 - Combined Notice of Filings

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-30

    ...: Boardwalk Storage Company, LLC. Description: Revise Hub Services and Umbrella Pro Forma Agmts to be... Pipeline Company of America. Description: Negotiated Rate--EDF Trading to be effective 5/1/2013. Filed Date...: Kern River Gas Transmission Company. [[Page 25261

  20. SuML: A Survey Markup Language for Generalized Survey Encoding

    PubMed Central

    Barclay, MW; Lober, WB; Karras, BT

    2002-01-01

    There is a need in clinical and research settings for a sophisticated, generalized, web based survey tool that supports complex logic, separation of content and presentation, and computable guidelines. There are many commercial and open source survey packages available that provide simple logic; few provide sophistication beyond “goto” statements; none support the use of guidelines. These tools are driven by databases, static web pages, and structured documents using markup languages such as eXtensible Markup Language (XML). We propose a generalized, guideline aware language and an implementation architecture using open source standards.

  1. Linguistic Corpora and Language Teaching.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Murison-Bowie, Simon

    1996-01-01

    Examines issues raised by corpus linguistics concerning the description of language. The article argues that it is necessary to start from correct descriptions of linguistic units and the contexts in which they occur. Corpus linguistics has joined with language teaching by sharing a recognition of the importance of a larger, schematic view of…

  2. A comparison of hardware description languages. [describing digital systems structure and behavior to a computer

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shiva, S. G.

    1978-01-01

    Several high level languages which evolved over the past few years for describing and simulating the structure and behavior of digital systems, on digital computers are assessed. The characteristics of the four prominent languages (CDL, DDL, AHPL, ISP) are summarized. A criterion for selecting a suitable hardware description language for use in an automatic integrated circuit design environment is provided.

  3. Teaching Intrapersonal Communication with the World-Wide Web: Cognitive Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shedletsky, Leonard J.; Aitken, Joan E.

    This paper offers a brief description of a course on intrapersonal communication with a home page approach using the World Wide Web. The paper notes that students use the home page for completing assignments, readings, posting responses, self-evaluation testing, research, and displaying some of their papers for the course. The paper contains…

  4. Cannabis and Kratom online information in Thailand: Facebook trends 2015-2016.

    PubMed

    Thaikla, Kanittha; Pinyopornpanish, Kanokporn; Jiraporncharoen, Wichuda; Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri

    2018-05-09

    Our study aims to evaluate the trends in online information about cannabis and kratom on Facebook in Thailand, where there is current discussion regarding legalizing these drugs. Between April and November 2015, reviewers searched for cannabis and kratom Facebook pages in the Thai language via the common search engines. Content analysis was performed and the contents of each page were categorized by the tone of the post (positive, negative or neutral). Then, a one-year follow-up search was conducted to compare the contents. Twelve Facebook pages each were initially identified for cannabis and for kratom. Follower numbers were higher for cannabis pages. Kratom pages were less active but were open for a longer time. Posts with positive tones and neutral tones were found for both drugs, but none had negative tones. Other drugs were mentioned on the cannabis pages, but they were different from those mentioned on the kratom pages. Issues regarding drug legalization were found on the cannabis pages but not on the kratom pages during the searching period. One year later, the tone of the posts was in the same direction, but the page activity had increased. The information currently available on the sampled Facebook pages was positive towards the use of cannabis and kratom. No information about harm from these drugs was found through our search.

  5. Key-phrase based classification of public health web pages.

    PubMed

    Dolamic, Ljiljana; Boyer, Célia

    2013-01-01

    This paper describes and evaluates the public health web pages classification model based on key phrase extraction and matching. Easily extendible both in terms of new classes as well as the new language this method proves to be a good solution for text classification faced with the total lack of training data. To evaluate the proposed solution we have used a small collection of public health related web pages created by a double blind manual classification. Our experiments have shown that by choosing the adequate threshold value the desired value for either precision or recall can be achieved.

  6. Online Text Processing: A Study of Iranian EFL Learners' Vocabulary Knowledge

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ahangar, Abbas Ali; Izadi, Mehri

    2015-01-01

    The internet has developed into an important source of knowledge in recent times. It is used not just for engaging and entertaining users, but also for promoting language learning, especially for English as a Second/Foreign Language (ESL and EFL) learners spending long hours using internet, 85% of all web pages are in English. This experimental…

  7. Enriching Formal Language Learning with an Informal Social Component

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dettori, Giuliana; Torsani, Simone

    2013-01-01

    This paper describes an informal component that we added to an online formal language learning environment in order to help the learners reach relevant Internet pages they can freely use to complement their learning activity. Thanks to this facility, each lesson is enriched, at run time, with a number of links automatically retrieved from social…

  8. Drawing Dynamic Geometry Figures Online with Natural Language for Junior High School Geometry

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wong, Wing-Kwong; Yin, Sheng-Kai; Yang, Chang-Zhe

    2012-01-01

    This paper presents a tool for drawing dynamic geometric figures by understanding the texts of geometry problems. With the tool, teachers and students can construct dynamic geometric figures on a web page by inputting a geometry problem in natural language. First we need to build the knowledge base for understanding geometry problems. With the…

  9. Dual Language = Saad Ahaah Sinil. A Navajo-English Dictionary. Revised Edition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Austin, Martha, Ed.; Lynch, Regina, Ed.

    A dual-language Navajo-English dictionary provides a chart of the Navajo kinship system, a two-page map of the Navajo Nation, and English equivalents for Navajo words in 46 linguistic and cultural categories. Included are words for: races (Indian and other ethnic groups); Navajo clans; age groups; Navajo ceremonies; body parts; sickness; clothing;…

  10. Exploring Homework Completion and Non-Completion in Post-Secondary Language Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gascoigne, Carolyn

    2015-01-01

    While homework is something that language professionals often assign, based on the paucity of research on the topic, it is clearly not something to which much attention is given in terms of professional discourse or research. In the following pages, the author reviews the limited available research and describes a case study that seeks to examine…

  11. Hupa Nature Coloring Book.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bennett, Ruth, Ed.; And Others

    Animals familiar to the northwest region of California where Hupa Indians reside are depicted in this coloring book which belongs to a series of materials developed to promote the use of the Hupa language. Each page contains a bold pen and ink drawing of an animal and the animal's name in the Unifon alphabet used for writing the Hupa language.…

  12. The Story of "Proyecto Papan"--Folktales and Their Potential for Foreign Language Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    de Ramirez, Lori Langer

    1999-01-01

    Discusses the potential for stories in the foreign language curriculum, and presents results of a qualitative research study in which 22 stories from the oral traditions of Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico were presented to students in different formats: picture books, audiotapes, videotapes, a Web page, and a Hypermedia program. (Author/VWL)

  13. Language Maintenance on the Internet

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ward, Judit Hajnal; Agocs, Laszlo

    2004-01-01

    Due to the expanding use of computer networks in Hungary, the Hungarian language has become a grown-up member of the World Wide Web and the Internet. In the past few years, the number of web pages written in Hungarian has significantly increased, since all areas of business, science, education, culture, etc., are eager to make use of the evolving…

  14. The Si's and Nein's of Computer-Aided Language Translation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Goldsborough, Reid

    2009-01-01

    The Internet is an American invention, and though it has spread around the world, the bulk of the communication conducted through it is still in English. Even so, depending on what one is searching for, he/she can come across web pages, blogs, and other content in many other languages. To deal with this multilingualism, various free…

  15. Knowledge Query Language (KQL)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-02-01

    unlimited. This page intentionally left blank. iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Currently, queries for data ...retrieval from non-Structured Query Language (NoSQL) data stores are tightly coupled to the specific implementation of the data store implementation, making...of the storage content and format for querying NoSQL or relational data stores. This approach uses address expressions (or A-Expressions) embedded in

  16. EquiX-A Search and Query Language for XML.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cohen, Sara; Kanza, Yaron; Kogan, Yakov; Sagiv, Yehoshua; Nutt, Werner; Serebrenik, Alexander

    2002-01-01

    Describes EquiX, a search language for XML that combines querying with searching to query the data and the meta-data content of Web pages. Topics include search engines; a data model for XML documents; search query syntax; search query semantics; an algorithm for evaluating a query on a document; and indexing EquiX queries. (LRW)

  17. Description of Updates for MCCEM Version 1.2 (February 2001)

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The EPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Economics, Exposure, and Technology Division has developed several exposure assessment tools and models. A description of the models and tools and the definition of exposure are given in separate web page

  18. Optimally Scheduling Basic Courses at the Defense Language Institute using Integer Programming

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-09-01

    DLI’s manual schedules at best can train 8%, 7% and 64%. 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 59 14. SUBJECT TERMS Operations Research, Linear Programming...class in 2006, 2007, and 2008, whereas DLI’s manual schedules at best can train 8%, 7% and 64%. vi THIS PAGE...ARABIC INSTRUTOR LEVELS .....................................25 FIGURE 2. OCS1 AND OCS2 CHINESE-MANDARIN INSTRUTOR LEVELS ............26 FIGURE 3

  19. La Description des langues naturelles en vue d'applications linguistiques: Actes du colloque (The Description of Natural Languages with a View to Linguistic Applications: Conference Papers). Publication K-10.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ouellon, Conrad, Comp.

    Presentations from a colloquium on applications of research on natural languages to computer science address the following topics: (1) analysis of complex adverbs; (2) parser use in computerized text analysis; (3) French language utilities; (4) lexicographic mapping of official language notices; (5) phonographic codification of Spanish; (6)…

  20. DPADL: An Action Language for Data Processing Domains

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Golden, Keith; Clancy, Daniel (Technical Monitor)

    2002-01-01

    This paper presents DPADL (Data Processing Action Description Language), a language for describing planning domains that involve data processing. DPADL is a declarative object-oriented language that supports constraints and embedded Java code, object creation and copying, explicit inputs and outputs for actions, and metadata descriptions of existing and desired data. DPADL is supported by the IMAGEbot system, which will provide automation for an ecosystem forecasting system called TOPS.

  1. EDAC Test Collection Catalogue: A Description of Tests for Use in Bilingual Education Programs.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wolfsfeld, Lynn

    The descriptions of 200 tests for a variety of language groups are designed for use with the test file maintained by the Evaluation, Dissemination, and Assessment Center for Bilingual Education (EDAC). The content areas covered include reading, mathematics, self-concept, language dominance, language proficiency, and intelligence. Tests are…

  2. How the Potawatomi Language Lives: A Grammar of Potawatomi

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lockwood, Hunter Thompson

    2017-01-01

    This dissertation is a descriptive grammar of Potawatomi, a critically endangered Algonquian language now only spoken as a first language by a handful of elders in northern Wisconsin. Throughout, the goal is to present an authoritative linguistic description of Potawatomi by drawing on direct elicitation, a corpus of new texts gathered in close…

  3. How Readable are Spanish-Language Medicaid Applications?

    PubMed Central

    Hansen, Julie S.; DeVoe, Jennifer E.

    2015-01-01

    Nationally, Hispanics comprise nearly one-quarter of all non-elderly Medicaid recipients. We evaluated readability, layout characteristics, and document complexity of state-issued Spanish-language Medicaid enrollment applications. We located and analyzed Internet-based Spanish enrollment applications from 37 states and the District of Columbia. We calculated the readability of each Medicaid enrollment application “Signature” page using the Spanish Lexile Analyzer. We assessed application layout characteristics utilizing the User-Friendliness Tool, and we evaluated document complexity using the PMOSE/IKIRSCH scale. The average Lexile score estimated an 11th–12th grade reading level (M = 1184, SD = 192) for “Signature” pages of enrollment applications. Most applications used small font size and lacked adequate white space. Document complexity ranged from level 3 (moderate) to level 5 (very high); the majority of applications ranked at level 4 (high). Spanish-language Medicaid enrollment applications should be revised to adhere to low-literacy guidelines, which may improve the accessibility of Medicaid coverage for eligible Spanish-speaking families. PMID:21213122

  4. 75 FR 37428 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-29

    .... Description: Louisville Gas and Electric Company submits tariff filing per 35.12: Energy Marketing Baseline to... Company. Description: Kentucky Utilities Company submits tariff filing per 35.12: KU Energy Marketing... Numbers: ER10-1521-000. Applicants: Occidental Power Marketing, L.P. [[Page 37429

  5. [An evaluation of the quality of health web pages using a validated questionnaire].

    PubMed

    Conesa Fuentes, Maria del Carmen; Aguinaga Ontoso, Enrique; Hernández Morante, Juan José

    2011-01-01

    The objective of the present study was to evaluate the quality of general health information in Spanish language web pages, and the official Regional Services web pages from the different Autonomous Regions. It is a cross-sectional study. We have used a previously validated questionnaire to study the present state of the health information on Internet for a lay-user point of view. By mean of PageRank (Google®), we obtained a group of webs, including a total of 65 health web pages. We applied some exclusion criteria, and finally obtained a total of 36 webs. We also analyzed the official web pages from the different Health Services in Spain (19 webs), making a total of 54 health web pages. In the light of our data, we observed that, the quality of the general information health web pages was generally rather low, especially regarding the information quality. Not one page reached the maximum score (19 points). The mean score of the web pages was of 9.8±2.8. In conclusion, to avoid the problems arising from the lack of quality, health professionals should design advertising campaigns and other media to teach the lay-user how to evaluate the information quality. Copyright © 2009 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

  6. X-PAT: a multiplatform patient referral data management system for small healthcare institution requirements.

    PubMed

    Masseroli, Marco; Marchente, Mario

    2008-07-01

    We present X-PAT, a platform-independent software prototype that is able to manage patient referral multimedia data in an intranet network scenario according to the specific control procedures of a healthcare institution. It is a self-developed storage framework based on a file system, implemented in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and PHP Hypertext Preprocessor Language, and addressed to the requirements of limited-dimension healthcare entities (small hospitals, private medical centers, outpatient clinics, and laboratories). In X-PAT, healthcare data descriptions, stored in a novel Referral Base Management System (RBMS) according to Health Level 7 Clinical Document Architecture Release 2 (CDA R2) standard, can be easily applied to the specific data and organizational procedures of a particular healthcare working environment thanks also to the use of standard clinical terminology. Managed data, centralized on a server, are structured in the RBMS schema using a flexible patient record and CDA healthcare referral document structures based on XML technology. A novel search engine allows defining and performing queries on stored data, whose rapid execution is ensured by expandable RBMS indexing structures. Healthcare personnel can interface the X-PAT system, according to applied state-of-the-art privacy and security measures, through friendly and intuitive Web pages that facilitate user acceptance.

  7. DDML Schema Validation

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-02-08

    Data Display Markup Language HUD heads-up display IRIG Inter-Range Instrumentation Group RCC Range Commanders Council SVG Scalable Vector Graphics...T&E test and evaluation TMATS Telemetry Attributes Transfer Standard XML eXtensible Markup Language DDML Schema Validation, RCC 126-16, February...2016 viii This page intentionally left blank. DDML Schema Validation, RCC 126-16, February 2016 1 1. Introduction This Data Display Markup

  8. Hindi Stories: A Dual Language Reader for Area and Advanced Language Students.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    1975

    The translator selected six short stories by modern Indian writers and compiled them as a reader for advanced students of Hindi and Area Studies. The Hindi text on the right-hand page is translated into English on the left. The stories were selected to include vignettes of urban and rural life and characters from both middle and lower class…

  9. English Learners (ELs) Who Are Asian or Pacific Islander. Fast Facts

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Office of English Language Acquisition, US Department of Education, 2016

    2016-01-01

    The Office of English Language Acquisition (OELA) has synthesized key data on English learners (ELs) into two-page PDF sheets, by topic, with graphics, plus key contacts. The topics for this report on English Learners (ELs) who are Asian or Pacific Islander include: (1) Top 10 Asian and Pacific Islander Languages Spoken Among ELs: SY 2013-14; (2)…

  10. Comparative-Descriptive Study of Academic Vocabulary Specific Instruction on 3rd Grade English Language Learner Reading Scores

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ward, Shelley

    2017-01-01

    Language must be taught with academic vocabulary that is meaningful and that can be transferred between content and context. This comparative-descriptive research study examines how academic specific instruction increases students' learning of a second language acquisition (i.e., English). The conceptual framework of the study drew research…

  11. Putting Practice into Words: The State of Data and Methods Transparency in Grammatical Descriptions

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gawne, Lauren; Kelly, Barbara F.; Berez-Kroeker, Andrea L.; Heston, Tyler

    2017-01-01

    Language documentation and description are closely related practices, often performed as part of the same fieldwork project on an un(der)-studied language. Research trends in recent decades have seen a great volume of publishing in regards to the methods of language documentation, however, it is not clear that linguists' awareness of the…

  12. Chomsky's Universal Grammar and Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics: An Appraisal and a Compromise

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bavali, Mohammad; Sadighi, Firooz

    2008-01-01

    Recent developments in theories of language (grammars) seem to share a number of tenets which mark a drastic shift from traditional disentangled descriptions of language: emphasis on a big number of discrete grammatical rules or a corpus of structure patterns has given way to a more unitary, explanatory powerful description of language informed by…

  13. National Center for Family Literacy, 1994.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    NCFL Newsletter, 1994

    1994-01-01

    These four newsletter issues provide information on family literacy and literacy education programs. Each 16-page issue includes several feature articles; descriptions of literacy conferences and seminars; updates on the National Family Literacy Project; descriptions of successful family literacy programs; coming events; a list of National Center…

  14. How the Degree of Accuracy of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Influences the Miss Distance of a Gun-Launched Precision Munition

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-09-01

    September 2011 Thesis Advisor: Walter E. Owen Second Reader: Donald E. Carlucci THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE...Author: David W. Panhorst Approved by: Dr. Walter E. Owen Dr. Donald E. Carlucci Dr. Clifford A. Whitcomb, Chair, Department...symmetric projectiles. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. 42 New Webster’s dictionary of the English language. (1988). Melrose Park: Delair

  15. Research: Research in Language Arts Education: Notes on How It Works.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dilworth, Collett B., Jr.

    1980-01-01

    Provides an overview of different types of educational research in language arts, including the quasi-experiment, the controlled methodological experiment, the controlled descriptive experiment, the non-controlled description, and textual analysis. (RL)

  16. Navigating comics: an empirical and theoretical approach to strategies of reading comic page layouts.

    PubMed

    Cohn, Neil

    2013-01-01

    Like the sequence of words in written language, comic book page layouts direct images into a deliberate reading sequence. Conventional wisdom would expect that comic panels follow the order of text: left-to-right and down - a "Z-path" - though several layouts can violate this order, such as Gestalt groupings of panels that deny a Z-path of reading. To examine how layouts pressure readers to choose pathways deviating from the Z-path, we presented participants with comic pages empty of content, and asked them to number the panels in the order they would read them. Participants frequently used strategies departing from both the traditional Z-path and Gestalt groupings. These preferences reveal a system of constraints that organizes panels into hierarchic constituents, guiding readers through comic page layouts.

  17. The Experience of Teaching of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics in Russian Language as a Foreign Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Voronina, Marianna V.; Tretyakova, Zlata O.

    2017-01-01

    The article considers the peculiarities of training foreign students subject "Descriptive geometry and Engineering Graphics" in a modern engineering university of Russia. The relevance of the problem conditioned by the fact that virtually there are no special studies of teaching Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics in Russian…

  18. On the System of Person-Denoting Signs in Estonian Sign Language: Estonian Name Signs

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Paales, Liina

    2010-01-01

    This article discusses Estonian personal name signs. According to study there are four personal name sign categories in Estonian Sign Language: (1) arbitrary name signs; (2) descriptive name signs; (3) initialized-descriptive name signs; (4) loan/borrowed name signs. Mostly there are represented descriptive and borrowed personal name signs among…

  19. The architecture of visual narrative comprehension: the interaction of narrative structure and page layout in understanding comics.

    PubMed

    Cohn, Neil

    2014-01-01

    How do people make sense of the sequential images in visual narratives like comics? A growing literature of recent research has suggested that this comprehension involves the interaction of multiple systems: The creation of meaning across sequential images relies on a "narrative grammar" that packages conceptual information into categorical roles organized in hierarchic constituents. These images are encapsulated into panels arranged in the layout of a physical page. Finally, how panels frame information can impact both the narrative structure and page layout. Altogether, these systems operate in parallel to construct the Gestalt whole of comprehension of this visual language found in comics.

  20. Using Open Geographic Data to Generate Natural Language Descriptions for Hydrological Sensor Networks.

    PubMed

    Molina, Martin; Sanchez-Soriano, Javier; Corcho, Oscar

    2015-07-03

    Providing descriptions of isolated sensors and sensor networks in natural language, understandable by the general public, is useful to help users find relevant sensors and analyze sensor data. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility of using geographic knowledge from public databases available on the Web (such as OpenStreetMap, Geonames, or DBpedia) to automatically construct such descriptions. We present a general method that uses such information to generate sensor descriptions in natural language. The results of the evaluation of our method in a hydrologic national sensor network showed that this approach is feasible and capable of generating adequate sensor descriptions with a lower development effort compared to other approaches. In the paper we also analyze certain problems that we found in public databases (e.g., heterogeneity, non-standard use of labels, or rigid search methods) and their impact in the generation of sensor descriptions.

  1. Using Open Geographic Data to Generate Natural Language Descriptions for Hydrological Sensor Networks

    PubMed Central

    Molina, Martin; Sanchez-Soriano, Javier; Corcho, Oscar

    2015-01-01

    Providing descriptions of isolated sensors and sensor networks in natural language, understandable by the general public, is useful to help users find relevant sensors and analyze sensor data. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility of using geographic knowledge from public databases available on the Web (such as OpenStreetMap, Geonames, or DBpedia) to automatically construct such descriptions. We present a general method that uses such information to generate sensor descriptions in natural language. The results of the evaluation of our method in a hydrologic national sensor network showed that this approach is feasible and capable of generating adequate sensor descriptions with a lower development effort compared to other approaches. In the paper we also analyze certain problems that we found in public databases (e.g., heterogeneity, non-standard use of labels, or rigid search methods) and their impact in the generation of sensor descriptions. PMID:26151211

  2. Assessing Greek Public Hospitals' Websites.

    PubMed

    Tsirintani, Maria; Binioris, Spyros

    2015-01-01

    Following a previous (2011) survey, this study assesses the web pages of Greek public hospitals according to specific criteria, which are included in the same web page evaluation model. Our purpose is to demonstrate the evolution of hospitals' web pages and document e-health applications trends. Using descriptive methods we found that public hospitals have made significant steps towards establishing and improving their web presence but there is still a lot of work that needs to be carried out in order to take advantage of the benefits of new technologies in the e-health ecosystem.

  3. 77 FR 48102 - Closed Captioning and Video Description of Video Programming

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-13

    ... Captioning and Video Description of Video Programming AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. [[Page 48103..., enacted by the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010 (CVAA), which...) establishing requirements for closed captioning on video programming to ensure access by persons with hearing...

  4. The Immersion Effect

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-12-01

    C.   METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................4 D.   LITERATURE REVIEW... Descriptions ................................................10 Table 3.   Interagency Language Roundtable Language Skill Level Table 4. Descriptions ...and cultural acquisition. METHODOLOGY D. In this project the author analyzed official documents associated with Military Information Support

  5. FRED user's manual

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Shilling, J.

    1984-02-01

    FRED, the friendly editor, is a screen-based structured editor. This manual is intended to serve the needs of a wide range of users of the FRED text editor. Most users will find it sufficient to read the introductory material in section 2, supplemented with the full command set description in section 3. Advanced users may wish to change the keystroke sequences which invoke editor commands. Section 4 describes how to change key bindings and how to define command macros. Some users may need to modify a language description or create an entirely new language description for use with FRED. Sectionmore » 5 describes the format of the language descriptions used by the editor, and describes how to construct a language grammar. Section 6 describes known portability problems of the FRED editor and should concern only system installation personnel. The editor points out syntax errors in the file being edited and does automatic pretty printing.« less

  6. Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) Language Description and Documentation: A Guide to the Deposited Collection and Associated Materials

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Caballero, Gabriela

    2017-01-01

    Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Northern Mexico of great typological, theoretical, and historical significance. This paper presents an overview and background of the Choguita Rarámuri language description and documentation project and provides a guide to the documentary collection emerging from this project. This…

  7. Automatic Requirements Specification Extraction from Natural Language (ARSENAL)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-10-01

    designers, implementers) involved in the design of software systems. However, natural language descriptions can be informal, incomplete, imprecise...communication of technical descriptions between the various stakeholders (e.g., customers, designers, imple- menters) involved in the design of software systems...the accuracy of the natural language processing stage, the degree of automation, and robustness to noise. 1 2 Introduction Software systems operate in

  8. Putting the Plain into Pain Language in English for Medical Purposes: Learner Inquiry into Patients' Online Descriptive Accounts

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Plastina, Anna Franca

    2016-01-01

    The need to teach medical students plain language for their future engagement in pain communication can no longer be underestimated. Pain education has traditionally neglected the teaching of pain language, yet patients' descriptive accounts have been acknowledged as the standard in medical care. English for Medical Purposes (EMP) can make its…

  9. A Proposed Pattern of Enterprise Architecture

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-02-01

    consistent architecture descriptions. UPDM comprises extensions to both OMG’s Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Systems Modelling Language ( SysML ...those who use UML and SysML . These represent significant advancements that enable architecture trade-off analyses, architecture model execution...Language ( SysML ), and thus provides for architectural descriptions that contain a rich set of (formally) connected DoDAF/MoDAF viewpoints expressed

  10. Engineered Resilient Systems (ERS) S&T Priority Description and Roadmap

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-11-08

    ERS PSC, NDIA Disruptive Technologies 8 November 2011 Page-1 Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited...ODASD SE NDIA 8th Annual Disruptive Technologies Conference 8 November 2011 Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188...release; distribution unlimited 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Presented at the NDIA Disruptive Technologies Conference, November 8,-9, 2011 Washington, DC 14

  11. Incidence Rate of Canonical vs. Derived Medical Terminology in Natural Language.

    PubMed

    Topac, Vasile; Jurcau, Daniel-Alexandru; Stoicu-Tivadar, Vasile

    2015-01-01

    Medical terminology appears in the natural language in multiple forms: canonical, derived or inflected form. This research presents an analysis of the form in which medical terminology appears in Romanian and English language. The sources of medical language used for the study are web pages presenting medical information for patients and other lay users. The results show that, in English, medical terminology tends to appear more in canonical form while, in the case of Romanian, it is the opposite. This paper also presents the service that was created to perform this analysis. This tool is available for the general public, and it is designed to be easily extensible, allowing the addition of other languages.

  12. Living with Hearing Loss

    MedlinePlus

    ... version of this page please turn Javascript on. Nora Woodruff and her family, including dad Bob, have ... hearing, balance, smell, taste, voice, speech, and language. Nora Woodruff, daughter of ABC newsman Bob Woodruff and ...

  13. Representation of the serial killer on the Italian Internet.

    PubMed

    Villano, P; Bastianoni, P; Melotti, G

    2001-10-01

    The representation of serial killers was examined from the analysis of 317 Web pages in the Italian language to study how the psychological profiles of serial killers are described on the Italian Internet. The correspondence analysis of the content of these Web pages shows that in Italy the serial killer is associated with words such as "monster" and "horror," which suggest and imply psychological perversion and aberrant acts. These traits are peculiar for the Italian scenario.

  14. A Quantitative Approach to Analyzing Architectures in the Presence of Uncertainty

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2009-07-01

    SAR) 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 33 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON a. REPORT unclassified b . ABSTRACT unclassified c. THIS PAGE unclassified Standard...hence requires appropriate tool support. 3 3.1 Architecture Modeling To facilitate this form of modeling, the modeling language must allow the archi ...can (a) capture the steady-state behavior of the model, ( b ) allow for the analysis of some property in the context of a specific state or condition

  15. 78 FR 21107 - Circular Welded Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes from Turkey: Preliminary Results of Countervailing...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-09

    ...: Allocation of State Land Regional Incentive Scheme: Interest Support OIZ: Waste Water Charges [[Page 21109... customs purposes, the written description of the merchandise is dispositive. Methodology The Department... regarding specificity. For a full description of the methodology underlying our conclusions, please see...

  16. Publications - GMC 391 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    DGGS GMC 391 Publication Details Title: Core descriptions, photographs and thin section photomicro , Inc., 2010, Core descriptions, photographs and thin section photomicro-graphs from the Humble Oil DDH DVD. Keywords Core Drilling; Thin Section Top of Page Department of Natural Resources, Division of

  17. Hope for Aphasia Patients

    MedlinePlus

    ... specific language problems, such as naming and word retrieval, spelling, and sentence processing. There is a "use ... 12 Number 1 Page 11 MedlinePlus Subscribe Magazine Information Contact Us Viewers & Players Friends of the National ...

  18. Navigating Comics: An Empirical and Theoretical Approach to Strategies of Reading Comic Page Layouts

    PubMed Central

    Cohn, Neil

    2013-01-01

    Like the sequence of words in written language, comic book page layouts direct images into a deliberate reading sequence. Conventional wisdom would expect that comic panels follow the order of text: left-to-right and down – a “Z-path” – though several layouts can violate this order, such as Gestalt groupings of panels that deny a Z-path of reading. To examine how layouts pressure readers to choose pathways deviating from the Z-path, we presented participants with comic pages empty of content, and asked them to number the panels in the order they would read them. Participants frequently used strategies departing from both the traditional Z-path and Gestalt groupings. These preferences reveal a system of constraints that organizes panels into hierarchic constituents, guiding readers through comic page layouts. PMID:23616776

  19. Google Search Tips

    Science.gov Websites

    with Search To search for a document, type a few descriptive words in the search box, and press the Enter key or click the search button. A results page appears with a list of documents and web pages that are related to your search terms, with the most relevant search results appearing at the top of the

  20. 75 FR 66054 - Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services, Public...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-27

    ... Captioning and Video Description; and Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by State and Local... San Francisco, CA, on a date to be announced in the near future on the ADA Home Page at http://www.ada... a location to be announced in the near future on the ADA Home Page at http://www.ada.gov . FOR...

  1. Value Production in a Collaborative Environment. Sociophysical Studies of Wikipedia

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yasseri, Taha; Kertész, János

    2013-05-01

    We review some recent endeavors and add some new results to characterize and understand underlying mechanisms in Wikipedia (WP), the paradigmatic example of collaborative value production. We analyzed the statistics of editorial activity in different languages and observed typical circadian and weekly patterns, which enabled us to estimate the geographical origins of contributions to WPs in languages spoken in several time zones. Using a recently introduced measure we showed that the editorial activities have intrinsic dependencies in the burstiness of events. A comparison of the English and Simple English WPs revealed important aspects of language complexity and showed how peer cooperation solved the task of enhancing readability. One of our focus issues was characterizing the conflicts or edit wars in WPs, which helped us to automatically filter out controversial pages. When studying the temporal evolution of the controversiality of such pages we identified typical patterns and classified conflicts accordingly. Our quantitative analysis provides the basis of modeling conflicts and their resolution in collaborative environments and contribute to the understanding of this issue, which becomes increasingly important with the development of information communication technology.

  2. The architecture of visual narrative comprehension: the interaction of narrative structure and page layout in understanding comics

    PubMed Central

    Cohn, Neil

    2014-01-01

    How do people make sense of the sequential images in visual narratives like comics? A growing literature of recent research has suggested that this comprehension involves the interaction of multiple systems: The creation of meaning across sequential images relies on a “narrative grammar” that packages conceptual information into categorical roles organized in hierarchic constituents. These images are encapsulated into panels arranged in the layout of a physical page. Finally, how panels frame information can impact both the narrative structure and page layout. Altogether, these systems operate in parallel to construct the Gestalt whole of comprehension of this visual language found in comics. PMID:25071651

  3. A Guide to IRUS-II Application Development

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-09-01

    Stallard (editors). Research and Develo; nent in Natural Language b’nderstan,;ng as Part of t/i Strategic Computing Program . chapter 3, pages 27-34...Development in Natural Language Processing in the Strategic Computing Program . Compi-nrional Linguistics 12(2):132-136. April-June, 1986. [24] Sidner. C.L...assist developers interested in adapting IRUS-11 to new application domains Chapter 2 provides a general introduction and overviev ,. Chapter 3 describes

  4. Construction of a General Purpose Command Language for Use in Computer Dialog.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-09-01

    Page 1 Skeletal Command Action File...............35 2 Sample from Cyber Action File.................36 3 Program MONITOR Structure Chart...return indicates subroutine call and no return Fig 3. Program MONITOR Structure Chart 48 IV. Validation The general purpose command language was...executive control of these functions, in C addition to its role as interpreter. C C The structure , concept, design, and implementation of program C

  5. First Draft of the act Programming Language

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-01-22

    International Conference on, pages 1–15, 2013. [4] Yang Zhao, Jie Liu, and Edward A. Lee. A programming model for time - synchronized distributed real- time ...including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing...report is to document the first complete attempt at the design of a high-level programming language for timed systems called act. We define the lexical

  6. Eliminating Fear of the Blank Page: A Thematic Approach, aka Squeezing the California Department of Education's 1992 ESL Model Standards for Adult Education Programs into One Tidy Package.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    DesRoches, Diane

    An approach to teaching integrated language skills in adult English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instruction is described. The technique uses a combination of classroom drama and role-playing, writing about the event, revision, publication, and follow-up activities to develop speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills. Eight stages are defined…

  7. Seamless Integration of Desktop and Mobile Learning Experience through an Ontology-Based Adaptation Engine: Report of a Pilot-Project

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mercurio, Marco; Torre, Ilaria; Torsani, Simone

    2014-01-01

    The paper describes a module within the distance language learning environment of the Language Centre at the Genoa University which adapts, through an ontology, learning activities to the device in use. Adaptation means not simply resizing a page but also the ability to transform the nature of a task so that it fits the device with the smallest…

  8. The availability and accessibility of basic concept vocabulary in AAC software: a preliminary study.

    PubMed

    McCarthy, Jillian H; Schwarz, Ilsa; Ashworth, Morgan

    2017-09-01

    Core vocabulary lists obtained through the analyses of children's utterances include a variety of basic concept words. Supporting young children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to develop their understanding and use of basic concepts is an area of practice that has important ramifications for successful communication in a classroom environment. This study examined the availability of basic concept words across eight frequently used, commercially available AAC language systems, iPad© applications, and symbol libraries used to create communication boards. The accessibility of basic concept words was subsequently examined using two AAC language page sets and two iPad applications. Results reveal that the availability of basic concept words represented within the different AAC language programs, iPad applications, and symbol libraries varied but was limited across programs. However, there is no significant difference in the accessibility of basic concept words across the language program page sets or iPad applications, generally because all of them require sophisticated motor and cognitive plans for access. These results suggest that educators who teach or program vocabulary in AAC systems need to be mindful of the importance of basic concept words in classroom settings and, when possible, enhance the availability and accessibility of these words to users of AAC.

  9. An English language interface for constrained domains

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Page, Brenda J.

    1989-01-01

    The Multi-Satellite Operations Control Center (MSOCC) Jargon Interpreter (MJI) demonstrates an English language interface for a constrained domain. A constrained domain is defined as one with a small and well delineated set of actions and objects. The set of actions chosen for the MJI is from the domain of MSOCC Applications Executive (MAE) Systems Test and Operations Language (STOL) directives and contains directives for signing a cathode ray tube (CRT) on or off, calling up or clearing a display page, starting or stopping a procedure, and controlling history recording. The set of objects chosen consists of CRTs, display pages, STOL procedures, and history files. Translation from English sentences to STOL directives is done in two phases. In the first phase, an augmented transition net (ATN) parser and dictionary are used for determining grammatically correct parsings of input sentences. In the second phase, grammatically typed sentences are submitted to a forward-chaining rule-based system for interpretation and translation into equivalent MAE STOL directives. Tests of the MJI show that it is able to translate individual clearly stated sentences into the subset of directives selected for the prototype. This approach to an English language interface may be used for similarly constrained situations by modifying the MJI's dictionary and rules to reflect the change of domain.

  10. Use of information-retrieval languages in automated retrieval of experimental data from long-term storage

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Khovanskiy, Y. D.; Kremneva, N. I.

    1975-01-01

    Problems and methods are discussed of automating information retrieval operations in a data bank used for long term storage and retrieval of data from scientific experiments. Existing information retrieval languages are analyzed along with those being developed. The results of studies discussing the application of the descriptive 'Kristall' language used in the 'ASIOR' automated information retrieval system are presented. The development and use of a specialized language of the classification-descriptive type, using universal decimal classification indices as the main descriptors, is described.

  11. 77 FR 56830 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-14

    ... Tariff Revisions Regarding Black Start and System Restoration Service to be effective 11/1/2012. Filed.... Description: Market-Based Rate Tariff to be effective 10/17/2012. Filed Date: 8/31/12. Accession Number... Power, L.L.C. Description: Market-Based Rate Service Agreement to be effective 9/ 1/2012. [[Page 56831...

  12. Remediation of TNT and RDX in Groundwater Using Zero-Valent Iron Permeable Reactive Barriers

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-04-01

    3 3.0 TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................... 5 3.1... hydroxide NAVFAC-ESC Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center O&M operation and maintenance OHSU Oregon Health and Science University OD...remediation costs that may jeopardize major DoD programs and initiatives. 3 This page left blank intentionally. 3.0 TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION

  13. Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis or Laryngeal Papillomatosis

    MedlinePlus

    ... Home » Health Info » Voice, Speech, and Language Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis or Laryngeal Papillomatosis On this page: What ... find additional information about RRP? What is recurrent respiratory papillomatosis? Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a disease ...

  14. Software Design Description for the Tidal Open-boundary Prediction System (TOPS)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-05-04

    Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5004 NRL/MR/7320--10-9209 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Software ...Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services , Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite...RESPONSIBLE PERSON 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code) b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT Software Design

  15. A construction scheme of web page comment information extraction system based on frequent subtree mining

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Xiaowen; Chen, Bingfeng

    2017-08-01

    Based on the frequent sub-tree mining algorithm, this paper proposes a construction scheme of web page comment information extraction system based on frequent subtree mining, referred to as FSM system. The entire system architecture and the various modules to do a brief introduction, and then the core of the system to do a detailed description, and finally give the system prototype.

  16. Natural Language Description of Emotion

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kazemzadeh, Abe

    2013-01-01

    This dissertation studies how people describe emotions with language and how computers can simulate this descriptive behavior. Although many non-human animals can express their current emotions as social signals, only humans can communicate about emotions symbolically. This symbolic communication of emotion allows us to talk about emotions that we…

  17. Computer Description of the Field Artillery Ammunition Supply Vehicle

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-04-01

    Combinatorial Geometry (COM-GEOM) GIFT Computer Code Computer Target Description 2& AfTNACT (Cmne M feerve shb N ,neemssalyan ify by block number) A...input to the GIFT computer code to generate target vulnerability data. F.a- 4 ono OF I NOV 5S OLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECUOITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE...Combinatorial Geometry (COM-GEOM) desrription. The "Geometric Information for Tarqets" ( GIFT ) computer code accepts the CO!-GEOM description and

  18. South Korea: Language Policy and Planning in the Making

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Song, Jae Jung

    2012-01-01

    This monograph discusses South Korea's language situation in a language policy and planning context. This monograph consists of four parts. Part 1 presents a genetic, typological and sociolinguistic description of South Korea's national language, and an overview of minority languages, including English as well as other languages, recently…

  19. FLAX: Flexible and Open Corpus-Based Language Collections Development

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fitzgerald, Alannah; Wu, Shaoqun; Marín, María José

    2015-01-01

    In this case study we present innovative work in building open corpus-based language collections by focusing on a description of the opensource multilingual Flexible Language Acquisition (FLAX) language project, which is an ongoing example of open materials development practices for language teaching and learning. We present language-learning…

  20. Systems Biology Graphical Notation: Process Description language Level 1 Version 1.3.

    PubMed

    Moodie, Stuart; Le Novère, Nicolas; Demir, Emek; Mi, Huaiyu; Villéger, Alice

    2015-09-04

    The Systems Biological Graphical Notation (SBGN) is an international community effort for standardized graphical representations of biological pathways and networks. The goal of SBGN is to provide unambiguous pathway and network maps for readers with different scientific backgrounds as well as to support efficient and accurate exchange of biological knowledge between different research communities, industry, and other players in systems biology. Three SBGN languages, Process Description (PD), Entity Relationship (ER) and Activity Flow (AF), allow for the representation of different aspects of biological and biochemical systems at different levels of detail. The SBGN Process Description language represents biological entities and processes between these entities within a network. SBGN PD focuses on the mechanistic description and temporal dependencies of biological interactions and transformations. The nodes (elements) are split into entity nodes describing, e.g., metabolites, proteins, genes and complexes, and process nodes describing, e.g., reactions and associations. The edges (connections) provide descriptions of relationships (or influences) between the nodes, such as consumption, production, stimulation and inhibition. Among all three languages of SBGN, PD is the closest to metabolic and regulatory pathways in biological literature and textbooks, but its well-defined semantics offer a superior precision in expressing biological knowledge.

  1. Learning about Trimethylaminuria

    MedlinePlus

    ... Links for Patient Care Education All About the Human Genome Project Fact Sheets Genetic Education Resources for Teachers ... ncbi.nlm.nih.gov] An electronic catalog of human genes and genetic ... Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The language on this page about ...

  2. More STELLA Narratives.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Doecke, Brenton

    2001-01-01

    Presents six brief (about one page) narratives by primary and secondary teachers arising from STELLA (Standards for Teachers of English Language and Literacy in Australia) workshops and interpretive discussions. Notes that each narrative describes a moment of "good" English/literacy teaching. (SG)

  3. MSR 2.0: Language Definition and Programming Environment

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-11-01

    this version, was also used in foundational studies for crypto - protocols [14, 19]. An implementation of MSR 2.0 which adheres to the definition...describing non-standard ways to parse oc- currences of this symbol. A unary constant f can be declared either prefixed or postfixed by means of the...Information Technology — MFCSIT’00, pages 1–43, Cork, Ireland, 2000. Elsevier ENTCS 40. [6] Iliano Cervesato. A Specification Language for Crypto

  4. A preliminary comparison of Cantonese and American-English as taste languages.

    PubMed

    O'Mahony, M; Tsang, T

    1980-05-01

    Groups of monolingual American-English speaking Americans of Chinese descent were compared with Cantonese/American-English bilingual Chinese living in America to examine their taste descriptions for a set of aqueous solutions. Cantonese, unlike other languages, did not appear to differ greatly from American-English in its general taste descriptive strategy and depth of vocabulary, although Cantonese speakers had a tendency to use 'glutamic' as a descriptive term for monosodium glutamate.

  5. Classification and Counter-Classification of Language on Saint Barthelemy.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pressman, Jon F.

    1998-01-01

    Analyzes the use of metapragmatic description in the ethnoclassification of language by native speakers on the Franco-Antillean island of Saint Barthelemy. A prevalent technique for metapragmatic description based on honorific pronouns that reflects the varied geolinguistic and generational attributes of the speakers is described. (Author/MSE)

  6. Computer hardware description languages - A tutorial

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shiva, S. G.

    1979-01-01

    The paper introduces hardware description languages (HDL) as useful tools for hardware design and documentation. The capabilities and limitations of HDLs are discussed along with the guidelines needed in selecting an appropriate HDL. The directions for future work are provided and attention is given to the implementation of HDLs in microcomputers.

  7. Two Types of Definites in Natural Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Schwarz, Florian

    2009-01-01

    This thesis is concerned with the description and analysis of two semantically different types of definite articles in German. While the existence of distinct article paradigms in various Germanic dialects and other languages has been acknowledged in the descriptive literature for quite some time, the theoretical implications of their existence…

  8. An Introduction to the Resource Description Framework.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, Eric

    1998-01-01

    Explains the Resource Description Framework (RDF), an infrastructure developed under the World Wide Web Consortium that enables the encoding, exchange, and reuse of structured metadata. It is an application of Extended Markup Language (XML), which is a subset of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), and helps with expressing semantics.…

  9. Hardware acceleration and verification of systems designed with hardware description languages (HDL)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wisniewski, Remigiusz; Wegrzyn, Marek

    2005-02-01

    Hardware description languages (HDLs) allow creating bigger and bigger designs nowadays. The size of prototyped systems very often exceeds million gates. Therefore verification process of the designs takes several hours or even days. The solution for this problem can be solved by hardware acceleration of simulation.

  10. Towards a Bernsteinian Language of Description for Mathematics Classroom Discourse

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Straehler-Pohl, Hauke; Gellert, Uwe

    2013-01-01

    This article aims at developing an external language of description to investigate the problem of why particular groups of students are systematically not provided access to school mathematical knowledge. Based on Basil Bernstein's conceptualisation of power in classification, we develop a three-dimensional model that operationalises the…

  11. Composing Models of Geographic Physical Processes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hofer, Barbara; Frank, Andrew U.

    Processes are central for geographic information science; yet geographic information systems (GIS) lack capabilities to represent process related information. A prerequisite to including processes in GIS software is a general method to describe geographic processes independently of application disciplines. This paper presents such a method, namely a process description language. The vocabulary of the process description language is derived formally from mathematical models. Physical processes in geography can be described in two equivalent languages: partial differential equations or partial difference equations, where the latter can be shown graphically and used as a method for application specialists to enter their process models. The vocabulary of the process description language comprises components for describing the general behavior of prototypical geographic physical processes. These process components can be composed by basic models of geographic physical processes, which is shown by means of an example.

  12. English-Language Writing Instruction in Poland

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Reichelt, Melinda

    2005-01-01

    Second language writing scholars have undertaken descriptions of English-language writing instruction in a variety of international settings, describing the role of various contextual factors in shaping English-language writing instruction. This article describes English-language writing instruction at various levels in Poland, noting how it is…

  13. Modular hardware synthesis using an HDL. [Hardware Description Language

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Covington, J. A.; Shiva, S. G.

    1981-01-01

    Although hardware description languages (HDL) are becoming more and more necessary to automated design systems, their application is complicated due to the difficulty in translating the HDL description into an implementable format, nonfamiliarity of hardware designers with high-level language programming, nonuniform design methodologies and the time and costs involved in transfering HDL design software. Digital design language (DDL) suffers from all of the above problems and in addition can only by synthesized on a complete system and not on its subparts, making it unsuitable for synthesis using standard modules or prefabricated chips such as those required in LSI or VLSI circuits. The present paper presents a method by which the DDL translator can be made to generate modular equations that will allow the system to be synthesized as an interconnection of lower-level modules. The method involves the introduction of a new language construct called a Module which provides for the separate translation of all equations bounded by it.

  14. Operational Based Vision Assessment Automated Vision Test Collection User Guide

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-05-15

    repeatability to support correlation analysis. The AVT research grade tests also support interservice, international, industry, and academic partnerships...software, provides information concerning various menu options and operation of the test, and provides a brief description of each of the automated vision...2802, 6 Jun 2017. TABLE OF CONTENTS (concluded) Section Page 7.0 OBVA VISION TEST DESCRIPTIONS

  15. Teaching Students to Show, Not Tell

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Spitzer, Mark

    2012-01-01

    In his epic poem "A Season in Hell," the surly French poet Arthur Rimbaud proposes that the Devil likes writing that lacks "descriptive" qualities. Rimbaud then makes a stand in favor of descriptive writing by offering "these hideous pages from [his] notes of the damned." The author would not go so far as to say that nondescriptive writing is evil…

  16. The Structure of Meaning--A Linguistic Description.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Eisenhardt, Catheryn T.

    Just as a reader must bring an experiential conceptual background to the printed page, so must he bring an ability to recognize the graphic cues that signal meaning. The graphic cues or structural meaning works as a system the description of which can be outlined in three parts as the vocabulary, the structure, and the sound. What has been…

  17. Program of Studies: Industrial Arts: Grades 7-12.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fairfax County Schools, VA.

    The first part of the industrial arts curriculum guide provides brief descriptions of the program and course goals for grades K-12 and a one-page chart of program courses. Part 2 contains unit plans for grades 7-12 which provide unit descriptions, credit values, minimum class times, maximum students per class, prerequisites, and various unit…

  18. The carbohydrate sequence markup language (CabosML): an XML description of carbohydrate structures.

    PubMed

    Kikuchi, Norihiro; Kameyama, Akihiko; Nakaya, Shuuichi; Ito, Hiromi; Sato, Takashi; Shikanai, Toshihide; Takahashi, Yoriko; Narimatsu, Hisashi

    2005-04-15

    Bioinformatics resources for glycomics are very poor as compared with those for genomics and proteomics. The complexity of carbohydrate sequences makes it difficult to define a common language to represent them, and the development of bioinformatics tools for glycomics has not progressed. In this study, we developed a carbohydrate sequence markup language (CabosML), an XML description of carbohydrate structures. The language definition (XML Schema) and an experimental database of carbohydrate structures using an XML database management system are available at http://www.phoenix.hydra.mki.co.jp/CabosDemo.html kikuchi@hydra.mki.co.jp.

  19. Enriching the trustworthiness of health-related web pages.

    PubMed

    Gaudinat, Arnaud; Cruchet, Sarah; Boyer, Celia; Chrawdhry, Pravir

    2011-06-01

    We present an experimental mechanism for enriching web content with quality metadata. This mechanism is based on a simple and well-known initiative in the field of the health-related web, the HONcode. The Resource Description Framework (RDF) format and the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set were used to formalize these metadata. The model of trust proposed is based on a quality model for health-related web pages that has been tested in practice over a period of thirteen years. Our model has been explored in the context of a project to develop a research tool that automatically detects the occurrence of quality criteria in health-related web pages.

  20. Grammar! A Conference Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    King, Lid, Ed.; Boaks, Peter, Ed.

    Papers from a conference on the teaching of grammar, particularly in second language instruction, include: "Grammar: Acquisition and Use" (Richard Johnstone); "Grammar and Communication" (Brian Page); "Linguistic Progression and Increasing Independence" (Bernardette Holmes); "La grammaire? C'est du bricolage!" ("Grammar? That's Hardware!") (Barry…

  1. A program code generator for multiphysics biological simulation using markup languages.

    PubMed

    Amano, Akira; Kawabata, Masanari; Yamashita, Yoshiharu; Rusty Punzalan, Florencio; Shimayoshi, Takao; Kuwabara, Hiroaki; Kunieda, Yoshitoshi

    2012-01-01

    To cope with the complexity of the biological function simulation models, model representation with description language is becoming popular. However, simulation software itself becomes complex in these environment, thus, it is difficult to modify the simulation conditions, target computation resources or calculation methods. In the complex biological function simulation software, there are 1) model equations, 2) boundary conditions and 3) calculation schemes. Use of description model file is useful for first point and partly second point, however, third point is difficult to handle for various calculation schemes which is required for simulation models constructed from two or more elementary models. We introduce a simulation software generation system which use description language based description of coupling calculation scheme together with cell model description file. By using this software, we can easily generate biological simulation code with variety of coupling calculation schemes. To show the efficiency of our system, example of coupling calculation scheme with three elementary models are shown.

  2. Creating Body Shapes From Verbal Descriptions by Linking Similarity Spaces.

    PubMed

    Hill, Matthew Q; Streuber, Stephan; Hahn, Carina A; Black, Michael J; O'Toole, Alice J

    2016-11-01

    Brief verbal descriptions of people's bodies (e.g., "curvy," "long-legged") can elicit vivid mental images. The ease with which these mental images are created belies the complexity of three-dimensional body shapes. We explored the relationship between body shapes and body descriptions and showed that a small number of words can be used to generate categorically accurate representations of three-dimensional bodies. The dimensions of body-shape variation that emerged in a language-based similarity space were related to major dimensions of variation computed directly from three-dimensional laser scans of 2,094 bodies. This relationship allowed us to generate three-dimensional models of people in the shape space using only their coordinates on analogous dimensions in the language-based description space. Human descriptions of photographed bodies and their corresponding models matched closely. The natural mapping between the spaces illustrates the role of language as a concise code for body shape that captures perceptually salient global and local body features. © The Author(s) 2016.

  3. Microprocessor Design Using Hardware Description Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mita, Rosario; Palumbo, Gaetano

    2008-01-01

    The following paper has been conceived to deal with the contents of some lectures aimed at enhancing courses on digital electronic, microelectronic or VLSI systems. Those lectures show how to use a hardware description language (HDL), such as the VHDL, to specify, design and verify a custom microprocessor. The general goal of this work is to teach…

  4. An Electronic Finding Aid Using Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Encoded Archival Description (EAD).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chang, May

    2000-01-01

    Describes the development of electronic finding aids for archives at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign that used XML (extensible markup language) and EAD (encoded archival description) to enable more flexible information management and retrieval than using MARC or a relational database management system. EAD template is appended.…

  5. Object Language and the Language Subject: On the Mediating Role of Applied Linguistics.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Widdowson, Henry G.

    2000-01-01

    Examines the extent to which linguistic descriptions can adequately account for their reality for learners and provide a reference point for the design of language courses. Special concern is focused on second language learners as a particular kind of language user. (Author/VWL)

  6. Understanding How Babies Build Language Skills

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Honig, Alice Sterling

    2006-01-01

    Language is a great communication system. Through language, humans can express logical reasoning, grief, happiness, wishes, descriptions, and a rich array of feelings and ideas. Every baby deserves the gift of language power! In this article, the author discusses how babies build language skills and presents activities to help babies build…

  7. Research accomplished at the Knowledge Based Systems Lab: IDEF3, version 1.0

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mayer, Richard J.; Menzel, Christopher P.; Mayer, Paula S. D.

    1991-01-01

    An overview is presented of the foundations and content of the evolving IDEF3 process flow and object state description capture method. This method is currently in beta test. Ongoing efforts in the formulation of formal semantics models for descriptions captured in the outlined form and in the actual application of this method can be expected to cause an evolution in the method language. A language is described for the representation of process and object state centered system description. IDEF3 is a scenario driven process flow modeling methodology created specifically for these types of descriptive activities.

  8. English-as-a-Second-Language Programs in Basic Skills Education Program 1. Appendix

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-01-01

    the Army? question understood (1) - gramatically correct (1) no rephrasing/repetition (1) 8. Why are you taking this English Language Course...question understood (1) gramatically correct (1) no rephrasing/repetition (1) 9. Do you think you will use English when you are no longer in the Arnfy...How will you use English?) question understood (1) - gramatically correct (1) -_ no rephrasing/repetition (1) E-4 Page 2 PATROL SCENE Now we want to show

  9. Inferring the Why in Images

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-01-01

    model. We combinatorially replaced tokens with words from our vocabulary to score the relationships be- tween concepts. The second-order queries (not...is the action, y3 is an object, and y4 is the scene. Language Potentials: We captialize on state-of-the-art natural language models to score the rela...model estimated on billions of web-pages [4, 10] to form each L(·). Scoring Function: Given the image x, we score a possible labeling configuration y of

  10. Collaboratively Conceived, Designed and Implemented: Matching Visualization Tools with Geoscience Data Collections and Geoscience Data Collections with Visualization Tools via the ToolMatch Service.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hoebelheinrich, N. J.; Lynnes, C.; West, P.; Ferritto, M.

    2014-12-01

    Two problems common to many geoscience domains are the difficulties in finding tools to work with a given dataset collection, and conversely, the difficulties in finding data for a known tool. A collaborative team from the Earth Science Information Partnership (ESIP) has gotten together to design and create a web service, called ToolMatch, to address these problems. The team began their efforts by defining an initial, relatively simple conceptual model that addressed the two uses cases briefly described above. The conceptual model is expressed as an ontology using OWL (Web Ontology Language) and DCterms (Dublin Core Terms), and utilizing standard ontologies such as DOAP (Description of a Project), FOAF (Friend of a Friend), SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System) and DCAT (Data Catalog Vocabulary). The ToolMatch service will be taking advantage of various Semantic Web and Web standards, such as OpenSearch, RESTful web services, SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) and SPARQL (Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language). The first version of the ToolMatch service was deployed in early fall 2014. While more complete testing is required, a number of communities besides ESIP member organizations have expressed interest in collaborating to create, test and use the service and incorporate it into their own web pages, tools and / or services including the USGS Data Catalog service, DataONE, the Deep Carbon Observatory, Virtual Solar Terrestrial Observatory (VSTO), and the U.S. Global Change Research Program. In this session, presenters will discuss the inception and development of the ToolMatch service, the collaborative process used to design, refine, and test the service, and future plans for the service.

  11. Which Methodology Works Better? English Language Teachers' Awareness of the Innovative Language Learning Methodologies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kurt, Mustafa

    2015-01-01

    The present study investigated whether English language teachers were aware of the innovative language learning methodologies in language learning, how they made use of these methodologies and the learners' reactions to them. The descriptive survey method was employed to disclose the frequencies and percentages of 175 English language teachers'…

  12. Thai Language Sentence Similarity Computation Based on Syntactic Structure and Semantic Vector

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Hongbin; Feng, Yinhan; Cheng, Liang

    2018-03-01

    Sentence similarity computation plays an increasingly important role in text mining, Web page retrieval, machine translation, speech recognition and question answering systems. Thai language as a kind of resources scarce language, it is not like Chinese language with HowNet and CiLin resources. So the Thai sentence similarity research faces some challenges. In order to solve this problem of the Thai language sentence similarity computation. This paper proposes a novel method to compute the similarity of Thai language sentence based on syntactic structure and semantic vector. This method firstly uses the Part-of-Speech (POS) dependency to calculate two sentences syntactic structure similarity, and then through the word vector to calculate two sentences semantic similarity. Finally, we combine the two methods to calculate two Thai language sentences similarity. The proposed method not only considers semantic, but also considers the sentence syntactic structure. The experiment result shows that this method in Thai language sentence similarity computation is feasible.

  13. Language Contact Means Language Conflict.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nelde, Peter H.

    1987-01-01

    Describes the characteristics of language conflict and examines the areas of emphasis in the literature, including multilingualism and linguistic identity, glottophagia and minority/majority relations, the danger of reliance on language censuses, conflict resolution/avoidance, and the importance of ecolinguistics in conflict description and for…

  14. 78 FR 59419 - PACCAR Incorporated, Receipt of Petition for Decision of Inconsequential Noncompliance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-26

    .... Comments must be written in the English language, and be no greater than 15 pages in length, although there... underlying purpose of ensuring that the vehicle will not lurch forward or backward during driver activation...

  15. Facts about Birth Defects

    MedlinePlus

    ... Defects Language: English (US) Español (Spanish) Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir On This Page Birth Defects are Common Identifying Birth Defects Causes Prevention References Birth defects are common, costly, and critical conditions that affect 1 in every 33 babies born in the ...

  16. TCP/IP Implementations and Vendors Guide,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-02-01

    DOCUMENTATION PAGE la. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION/ AVAILABILIT OF...UNIX System V (5.2) IMPLEMENTATION-LANGUAGE: C DISTRIBUTOR: UNIQ Digital Technologies 28 S. Water St. Batavia, fI1 60510 (312) 879-1008 CONTACT

  17. Managing Air Quality - Emissions Inventories

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This page describes the role of emission inventories in the air quality management process, a description of how emission inventories are developed, and where U.S. emission inventory information can be found.

  18. The Cooperate Assistive Teamwork Environment for Software Description Languages.

    PubMed

    Groenda, Henning; Seifermann, Stephan; Müller, Karin; Jaworek, Gerhard

    2015-01-01

    Versatile description languages such as the Unified Modeling Language (UML) are commonly used in software engineering across different application domains in theory and practice. They often use graphical notations and leverage visual memory for expressing complex relations. Those notations are hard to access for people with visual impairment and impede their smooth inclusion in an engineering team. Existing approaches provide textual notations but require manual synchronization between the notations. This paper presents requirements for an accessible and language-aware team work environment as well as our plan for the assistive implementation of Cooperate. An industrial software engineering team consisting of people with and without visual impairment will evaluate the implementation.

  19. Worker Requirements and Methods of Entry into Home and Community Occupations Related to Home Economics; Brief Descriptions of Specific Occupations Classified Into Six Clusters, Highlights of Areas of Work and Worker Trait Groups for Individual Occupations. Professional Education Series No. HE-7.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    O'Donnell, Beatrice

    Descriptions of 200 occupations from the "Dictionary of Occupational Titles" Volume I designate the area of work and worker trait group and the reference page in Volume II of the Dictionary. Each occupational description briefly outlines highlights of work performed, worker requirements, and training and methods of entry. Occupations are…

  20. Design Producibility Assessment System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-06-30

    Data Base Material Code 17 - 4PH Manufactu Description Precipitation-Handling, corrosion-resist steel Strategic? No Strip Sheet Bar Wire Tube Yes Yes Yes...planned production quantity: 10000 PRODUCTION FACILITIES 5 Select the design material: 17 - 4PH <PgUp> Page Up, <PgDn> Page Down, <Fl> Help, <Esc> Exit DPAS...vl.00 Saturday June 17 , 1989 11:06 am Design Producibility Assessment System Select the design material: 17 - 4PH Select the design material’s form

  1. Do Decision Rules Matter? A Descriptive Study of English Language Proficiency Assessment Classifications for English-Language Learners and Native English Speakers in Fifth Grade

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Carroll, Patricia E.; Bailey, Alison L.

    2016-01-01

    English language proficiency assessments (ELPA) are used in the United States to measure annually the English language progress and proficiency of English-language learners (ELLs), a subgroup of language minority students who receive language acquisition support mandated and largely funded by Title III (NCLB, 2001). ELPA proficient and…

  2. The Use of Descriptive Data from Bilingual Children to Inform Theories of Specific Language Impairment

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Weismer, Susan Ellis; Kaushanskaya, Margarita

    2010-01-01

    In her Keynote Article, Paradis reviews evidence from bilingual language development to assess the claims of two opposing theoretical views of language disorders. Specifically, she examines the evidence for similarities in language profiles of typically developing (TD) sequential bilingual (second language [L2]) children and monolingual children…

  3. Sources, Developments and Directions of Task-Based Language Teaching

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bygate, Martin

    2016-01-01

    This paper provides an outline of the origins, the current shape and the potential directions of task-based language teaching (TBLT) as an approach to language pedagogy. It first offers a brief description of TBLT and considers its origins within language teaching methodology and second language acquisition. It then summarises the current position…

  4. 77 FR 17467 - Combined Notice of Filings #2

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-26

    ... Interconnection, L.L.C. Description: Admin. Filing to Re-instate Missing Language in PJM Tariff Attach Q (V-0.1.0.... Filing to Re-instate Missing Language in PJM Tariff Attach Q (V-2.1.0) to be effective 1/1/2011. Filed...-1284-002. Applicants: PJM Interconnection, L.L.C. Description: Admin. Filing to Re-instate Missing...

  5. Pictures from Year Two CNEC and CVT Measurements

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hutchinson, Jesson D.; Bahran, Rian Mustafa; McKenzie, George Espy

    Below are all of the pictures for the CNEC and CVT measurements performed at the DAF in July 2016. In total there are 165 pictures. The photos on pages 2-105 were taken during the first week of measurements and the photos on pages 106-165 were taken during the second week of measurements. Many photos are applicable to both sets, which is why it is best to keep the entire set together. For most configurations, a description of the configuration was written on a white board; photos of the measurement setup were taken, then a photo of the white board wasmore » taken. For example, the pictures on pages 6-19 (which precede a white board picture on page 20) are of the configuration with Rocky Flats Shells 1-2 surrounded by 4 AmLi sources, which is listed on the white board picture on page 20. In some cases, the white board picture precedes the configuration pictures.« less

  6. About the Clean Boating Act (CBA)

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Provides a description of the Clean Boating Act using frequently asked questions (FAQs) about the background, scope and implementation of the amendment. The page also discusses compliance questions and best management practices.

  7. Accounting Data to Web Interface Using PERL

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hargeaves, C

    2001-08-13

    This document will explain the process to create a web interface for the accounting information generated by the High Performance Storage Systems (HPSS) accounting report feature. The accounting report contains useful data but it is not easily accessed in a meaningful way. The accounting report is the only way to see summarized storage usage information. The first step is to take the accounting data, make it meaningful and store the modified data in persistent databases. The second step is to generate the various user interfaces, HTML pages, that will be used to access the data. The third step is tomore » transfer all required files to the web server. The web pages pass parameters to Common Gateway Interface (CGI) scripts that generate dynamic web pages and graphs. The end result is a web page with specific information presented in text with or without graphs. The accounting report has a specific format that allows the use of regular expressions to verify if a line is storage data. Each storage data line is stored in a detailed database file with a name that includes the run date. The detailed database is used to create a summarized database file that also uses run date in its name. The summarized database is used to create the group.html web page that includes a list of all storage users. Scripts that query the database folder to build a list of available databases generate two additional web pages. A master script that is run monthly as part of a cron job, after the accounting report has completed, manages all of these individual scripts. All scripts are written in the PERL programming language. Whenever possible data manipulation scripts are written as filters. All scripts are written to be single source, which means they will function properly on both the open and closed networks at LLNL. The master script handles the command line inputs for all scripts, file transfers to the web server and records run information in a log file. The rest of the scripts manipulate the accounting data or use the files created to generate HTML pages. Each script will be described in detail herein. The following is a brief description of HPSS taken directly from an HPSS web site. ''HPSS is a major development project, which began in 1993 as a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between government and industry. The primary objective of HPSS is to move very large data objects between high performance computers, workstation clusters, and storage libraries at speeds many times faster than is possible with today's software systems. For example, HPSS can manage parallel data transfers from multiple network-connected disk arrays at rates greater than 1 Gbyte per second, making it possible to access high definition digitized video in real time.'' The HPSS accounting report is a canned report whose format is controlled by the HPSS developers.« less

  8. The State of Online Retailing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tamimi, Nabil; Rajan, Murli; Sebastianelli, Rose

    2003-01-01

    Benchmarks online retailing transactions against critical factors that impact online retailing. Findings suggest several areas that e-retailers should target for improvement, including the speed of home page loading, ability to translate into multiple languages, capabilities of search engines, security policies display, payment options, minimum…

  9. Wildfires - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Bosnian (bosanski) Modern Standard Arabic (Arabic dialect) (العربية الفصحى, عربي فصيح) Somali (Af- ...

  10. Tornadoes - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Bosnian (bosanski) Modern Standard Arabic (Arabic dialect) (العربية الفصحى, عربي فصيح) Somali (Af- ...

  11. Indicators of Terrorism Vulnerability in Africa

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-03-26

    the terror threat and vulnerabilities across Africa. Key words: Terrorism, Africa, Negative Binomial Regression, Classification Tree iv I would like...31 Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Log -likelihood...70 viii Page 5.3 Classification Tree Description

  12. 75 FR 37422 - Combined Notice of Filings

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-29

    .... on Wednesday, June 23, 2010. Docket Numbers: RP10-846-000. Applicants: Granite State Gas Transmission, Inc. Description: Granite State Gas Transmission, Inc submits First Revised Page No. 115 et al. to...

  13. 49 CFR 572.41 - General description.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICES Side Impact Dummy 50th... set forth in the Side Impact Dummy (SID) User's Manual, dated May 1994 except for pages 7, 20 and 23...

  14. 49 CFR 572.41 - General description.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICES Side Impact Dummy 50th... set forth in the Side Impact Dummy (SID) User's Manual, dated May 1994 except for pages 7, 20 and 23...

  15. 49 CFR 572.41 - General description.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICES Side Impact Dummy 50th... set forth in the Side Impact Dummy (SID) User's Manual, dated May 1994 except for pages 7, 20 and 23...

  16. 49 CFR 572.41 - General description.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICES Side Impact Dummy 50th... set forth in the Side Impact Dummy (SID) User's Manual, dated May 1994 except for pages 7, 20 and 23...

  17. 49 CFR 572.41 - General description.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICES Side Impact Dummy 50th... set forth in the Side Impact Dummy (SID) User's Manual, dated May 1994 except for pages 7, 20 and 23...

  18. Watershed Academy Webcast: USDA's National Water Quality Initiative

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This page contains a description and documentation associated with the webcast on how USDA’s NWQI is working in priority watersheds to help farmers, ranchers and forest landowners improve water quality.

  19. Upper Animas Mining District

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Web page provides narrative of What's New?, Site Description, Site Risk, Cleanup Progress, Community Involvement, Next Steps, Site Documents, FAQ, Contacts and LInks for the Upper Animas Mining District site in San Juan County, Colorado.

  20. Teaching EFL outside the United States.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages.

    The guide contains profiles of the linguistic situation and English language teaching conditions, in both public and private sectors, in 48 foreign countries. Descriptions include such information as official language(s), qualifications and requirements for teaching English as a Second Language (ESL), typical class sizes and hours, accessibility…

  1. Issues and solutions for storage, retrieval, and searching of MPEG-7 documents

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chang, Yuan-Chi; Lo, Ming-Ling; Smith, John R.

    2000-10-01

    The ongoing MPEG-7 standardization activity aims at creating a standard for describing multimedia content in order to facilitate the interpretation of the associated information content. Attempting to address a broad range of applications, MPEG-7 has defined a flexible framework consisting of Descriptors, Description Schemes, and Description Definition Language. Descriptors and Description Schemes describe features, structure and semantics of multimedia objects. They are written in the Description Definition Language (DDL). In the most recent revision, DDL applies XML (Extensible Markup Language) Schema with MPEG-7 extensions. DDL has constructs that support inclusion, inheritance, reference, enumeration, choice, sequence, and abstract type of Description Schemes and Descriptors. In order to enable multimedia systems to use MPEG-7, a number of important problems in storing, retrieving and searching MPEG-7 documents need to be solved. This paper reports on initial finding on issues and solutions of storing and accessing MPEG-7 documents. In particular, we discuss the benefits of using a virtual document management framework based on XML Access Server (XAS) in order to bridge the MPEG-7 multimedia applications and database systems. The need arises partly because MPEG-7 descriptions need customized storage schema, indexing and search engines. We also discuss issues arising in managing dependence and cross-description scheme search.

  2. Children's attention to task-relevant information accounts for relations between language and spatial cognition.

    PubMed

    Miller, Hilary E; Simmering, Vanessa R

    2018-08-01

    Children's spatial language reliably predicts their spatial skills, but the nature of this relation is a source of debate. This investigation examined whether the mechanisms accounting for such relations are specific to language use or reflect a domain-general mechanism of selective attention. Experiment 1 examined whether 4-year-olds' spatial skills were predicted by their selective attention or their adaptive language use. Children completed (a) an attention task assessing attention to task-relevant color, size, and location cues; (b) a description task assessing adaptive language use to describe scenes varying in color, size, and location; and (c) three spatial tasks. There was correspondence between the cue types that children attended to and produced across description and attention tasks. Adaptive language use was predicted by both children's attention and task-related language production, suggesting that selective attention underlies skills in using language adaptively. After controlling for age, gender, receptive vocabulary, and adaptive language use, spatial skills were predicted by children's selective attention. The attention score predicted variance in spatial performance previously accounted for by adaptive language use. Experiment 2 followed up on the attention task (Experiment 2a) and description task (Experiment 2b) from Experiment 1 to assess whether performance in the tasks related to selective attention or task-specific demands. Performance in Experiments 2a and 2b paralleled that in Experiment 1, suggesting that the effects in Experiment 1 reflected children's selective attention skills. These findings show that selective attention is a central factor supporting spatial skill development that could account for many effects previously attributed to children's language use. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. An XML-based Generic Tool for Information Retrieval in Solar Databases

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Scholl, Isabelle F.; Legay, Eric; Linsolas, Romain

    This paper presents the current architecture of the `Solar Web Project' now in its development phase. This tool will provide scientists interested in solar data with a single web-based interface for browsing distributed and heterogeneous catalogs of solar observations. The main goal is to have a generic application that can be easily extended to new sets of data or to new missions with a low level of maintenance. It is developed with Java and XML is used as a powerful configuration language. The server, independent of any database scheme, can communicate with a client (the user interface) and several local or remote archive access systems (such as existing web pages, ftp sites or SQL databases). Archive access systems are externally described in XML files. The user interface is also dynamically generated from an XML file containing the window building rules and a simplified database description. This project is developed at MEDOC (Multi-Experiment Data and Operations Centre), located at the Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (Orsay, France). Successful tests have been conducted with other solar archive access systems.

  4. Statistics at a glance.

    PubMed

    Ector, Hugo

    2010-12-01

    I still remember my first book on statistics: "Elementary statistics with applications in medicine and the biological sciences" by Frederick E. Croxton. For me, it has been the start of pursuing understanding statistics in daily life and in medical practice. It was the first volume in a long row of books. In his introduction, Croxton pretends that"nearly everyone involved in any aspect of medicine needs to have some knowledge of statistics". The reality is that for many clinicians, statistics are limited to a "P < 0.05 = ok". I do not blame my colleagues who omit the paragraph on statistical methods. They have never had the opportunity to learn concise and clear descriptions of the key features. I have experienced how some authors can describe difficult methods in a well understandable language. Others fail completely. As a teacher, I tell my students that life is impossible without a basic knowledge of statistics. This feeling has resulted in an annual seminar of 90 minutes. This tutorial is the summary of this seminar. It is a summary and a transcription of the best pages I have detected.

  5. 'Total girlfriend experience': examining marketplace mythologies on sex tourism websites.

    PubMed

    Gezinski, Lindsay B; Karandikar, Sharvari; Levitt, Alexis; Ghaffarian, Roxane

    2016-07-01

    The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic content analysis of sex tour websites to understand how sex tours are marketed to potential clients. A total of 380 web pages from 21 sex tour websites were reviewed. The sex tour websites sought to promote privacy and hassle-free travel with a local 'escort' and the opportunity for 'hooks-ups' with no strings attached. Three themes emerged around the description of sex workers: (1) enjoyment and complete acceptance, (2) a 'total girlfriend experience' and (3) exoticisation of the 'Third World' woman. The majority of the sex tourism websites used marketplace mythologies concerning racism, sexism and imperialism to appeal to sex tourists' desires for fantasy experiences, power and domination, and a renewed sense of identity. Legal and STI-related information was largely missing from the websites, and when it was included it was aimed at protecting sex tourists, not sex workers. It is of importance for researchers, social workers and others engaging with sex workers and sexscapes to recognise the power of language, cultural myths and framings and their ability to generate real-world social and health implications.

  6. A profile of anti-vaccination lobbying on the South African internet, 2011-2013.

    PubMed

    Burnett, Rosemary Joyce; von Gogh, Lauren Jennifer; Moloi, Molelekeng H; François, Guido

    2015-11-01

    The South African Vaccination and Immunisation Centre receives many requests to explain the validity of internet-based anti-vaccination claims. Previous global studies on internet-based anti-vaccination lobbying had not identified anti-vaccination web pages originating in South Africa (SA). To characterise SA internet-based anti-vaccination lobbying. In 2011, searches for anti-vaccination content were performed using Google, Yahoo and MSN-Bing, limited to English-language SA web pages. Content analysis was performed on web pages expressing anti-vaccination sentiment about infant vaccination. This was repeated in 2012 and 2013 using Google, with the first 700 web pages per search being analysed. Blogs/forums, articles and e-shops constituted 40.3%, 55.2% and 4.5% of web pages, respectively. Authors were lay people (63.5%), complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) practitioners (23.1%), medical professionals practising CAM (7.7%) and medical professionals practising only allopathic medicine (5.8%). Advertisements appeared on 55.2% of web pages. Of these, 67.6% were sponsored by or linked to organisations with financial interests in discrediting vaccines, with 80.0% and 24.0% of web pages sponsored by these organisations claiming respectively that vaccines are ineffective and that vaccination is profit driven. The vast majority of web pages (92.5%) claimed that vaccines are not safe, and 77.6% of anti-vaccination claims originated from the USA. South Africans are creating web pages or blogs for local anti-vaccination lobbying. Research is needed to understand what influence internet-based anti-vaccination lobbying has on the uptake of infant vaccination in SA.

  7. Communicating about cancer through Facebook: a qualitative analysis of a breast cancer awareness page.

    PubMed

    Abramson, Karley; Keefe, Brian; Chou, Wen-Ying Sylvia

    2015-01-01

    Social media channels are increasingly being used for health communication and promotion. Social networking sites such as Facebook have become popular platforms for organizations to communicate health messages and encourage user participation around health topics. While the evaluation of social media's effectiveness in health promotion is beginning to emerge in the literature, few studies have examined actual interactions and user behaviors on Facebook Pages hosted by health organizations. The authors present a qualitative case study of a popular Facebook Page from a nonprofit organization devoted to raising awareness about breast cancer. With the goal of identifying the functions and uses of the Page, our study analyzes the content of Wall posts during Breast Cancer Awareness Month, October 2010. Common themes and characteristics are identified, including open mic communication, scarcity of health information, the commodification of breast cancer, unpredictable locations of conversation, and the use of gendered images and language. The findings have potential implications for health promotion efforts using social media platforms.

  8. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Errion, S.M.; Thommes, M.M. Caruthers, C.M.

    Using the Apple LaserWriter at ANL (ANL/TM 452) explains how Argonne computer users (with CMS, MVS, or VAX/VMS accounts) can print quality text and graphics on the Apple LaserWriter. Currently, applications at Argonne that are compatible with the Apple LaserWriter include Waterloo Script, CA/ISSCO graphics software (i.e., Cuechart, Tellagraf, and Disspla), SAS/Graph, ANSYS (version 4.2), and some personal computer test and graphics software. This manual does not attempt to cover use of the Apple LaserWriter with other applications, though some information on the handling of PostScript-compatible files may be valid for other applications. Refer to the documentation of those applicationsmore » to learn how they work with the Apple LaserWriter. Most of the information in this manual applies to the Allied Linotype L300P typesetter in Building 222. However, the typesetter is not a high volume output device and should be used primarily for high quality (1250 and 2500 dots per inch) final copy output for Laboratory publications prior to making printing plates. You should print all drafts and proof pages on LaserWriers or other printers compatible with the PostScript page description language. Consult with Graphic Arts (at extension 2-5603) to determine the availability of the typesetter for printing the final copy of your document or graphics application. Since the Apple LaserWriter itself produces good quality output (300 dots per inch), we expect that most internal documents consisting of test or graphics will continue to be printed at LaserWriters distributed throughout the Laboratory. 5 figs., 2 tabs.« less

  9. Foreign Language Training in the United States Peace Corps.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kulakow, Allan

    This document reports on the foreign language training offered in the Peace Corps. Following a brief introductory statement, a list of languages taught by the Peace Corps in the years 1961-67 is provided, as well as a brief description of Peace Corps language training methods. Guidelines for language coordinators are outlined, and the approach to…

  10. Defining English Language Proficiency for Malaysian Tertiary Education: Past, Present and Future Efforts

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Heng, Chan Swee

    2012-01-01

    Any attempt to define English language proficiency can never be divorced from the theories that describe the nature of language, language acquisition and human cognition. By virtue of such theories being socially constructed, the descriptions are necessarily value-laden. Thus, a definition of language proficiency can only, at best, be described as…

  11. A Grammar of Sierra Popoluca (Soteapanec, a Mixe-Zoquean Language)

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    de Jong Boudreault, Lynda J.

    2009-01-01

    This dissertation is a comprehensive description of the grammar of Sierra Popoluca (SP, aka Soteapanec), a Mixe-Zoquean language spoken by approximately 28,000 people in Veracruz, Mexico. This grammar begins with an introduction to the language, its language family, a typological overview of the language, a brief history of my fieldwork, and the…

  12. Atlas/Data Abstract for the United States and Selected Areas, Fiscal Year 1993

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-01-01

    and Reports TAN ng N F T P I DTIC AND NTIS IDENTIFICATION NUMBER FOR THIS PUBLICATION IS DIOR/L-03-93. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION...Dakota (ND) 35 86 Ohio (OH) 36 88 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) State/Area Map No. Page Oklahoma (OK) 37 90 Oregon (OR) 38 92 Pennsylvania (PA) 39 94...or Service Code Description Amount 1. LORAL CORP $49,319 Operation/Electronic & Communication Facil $48,741 2. DAY & ZIMMERMANN/ BASIL CORP JV 33,368

  13. Data Report: Organic Water Chemistry for 2005 Storm Events in Support of the Storm Water Studies in Sinclair and Dyes Inlet, Washington

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-12-01

    Water Data Report BATTELLE MARINE SCIENCES LABORATORIES SINCLAIR AND DYES INLET 2005 STORMWATER 1529 West Sequim Bay Road 2005 Stormwater Equipment...phenanthrene Page 1 of 4 Page 6 of 224 2005 Storm Water Data Report BATTELLE MARINE SCIENCES LABORATORIES 1529 West Sequim Bay Road Sequim , Washington...West Sequim Bay Road Sequim , Washington 98382 (360) 681-4564 MSL Sample ID Client ID Site Description Collection Date 2318-1 BST12-RB Equipment Blk

  14. DRFM Cordic Processor and Sea Clutter Modeling for Enhancing Structured False Target Synthesis

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-09-01

    was implemented using the Verilog hardware description language. The second investigation concerns generating sea clutter to impose on the false target...to achieve accuracy at 5.625o. The resulting design was implemented using the Verilog hardware description language. The second investigation...33 3. Initialization of the Angle Accumulator ....................................34 4. Design Methodology for I/Q Phase

  15. Text-Based Argumentation with Multiple Sources: A Descriptive Study of Opportunity to Learn in Secondary English Language Arts, History, and Science

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Litman, Cindy; Marple, Stacy; Greenleaf, Cynthia; Charney-Sirott, Irisa; Bolz, Michael J.; Richardson, Lisa K.; Hall, Allison H.; George, MariAnne; Goldman, Susan R.

    2017-01-01

    This study presents a descriptive analysis of 71 videotaped lessons taught by 34 highly regarded secondary English language arts, history, and science teachers, collected to inform an intervention focused on evidence-based argumentation from multiple text sources. Studying the practices of highly regarded teachers is valuable for identifying…

  16. Development of a test and flight engineering oriented language. Phase 3: Presentation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kamsler, W. F.; Case, C. W.; Kinney, E. L.; Gyure, J.

    1970-01-01

    The format material used in an oral presentation of the phase 3 study effort is given. The material includes a description of the language ALOFT and a terminology comparison with other test languages.

  17. BEYSIK: Language description and handbook for programmers (system for the collective use of the Institute of Space Research, Academy of Sciences USSR)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Orlov, I. G.

    1979-01-01

    The BASIC algorithmic language is described, and a guide is presented for the programmer using the language interpreter. The high-level algorithm BASIC is a problem-oriented programming language intended for solution of computational and engineering problems.

  18. SDL: A Surface Description Language

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Maple, Raymond C.

    1992-01-01

    A new interpreted language specifically designed for surface grid generation is introduced. Many unique aspects of the language are discussed, including the farray, vector, curve, and surface data types and the operators used to manipulate them. Custom subroutine libraries written in the language are used to easily build surface grids for generic missile shapes.

  19. The Sociolinguistic Model in Speech and Language Pathology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wolfram, Walt

    A discussion of the role of sociolinguistics in the treatment of communication disorders focuses on issues related to dialect and language variation. It begins with an examination of linguistic diversity and dynamic description of language, reporting on a study of speech and language pathologists' judgments of sentences in African American…

  20. Accurately Predicting Future Reading Difficulty for Bilingual Latino Children at Risk for Language Impairment

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Petersen, Douglas B.; Gillam, Ronald B.

    2013-01-01

    Sixty-three bilingual Latino children who were at risk for language impairment were administered reading-related measures in English and Spanish (letter identification, phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, and sentence repetition) and descriptive measures including English language proficiency (ELP), language ability (LA),…

  1. Strategies for human-driven robot comprehension of spatial descriptions by older adults in a robot fetch task.

    PubMed

    Carlson, Laura; Skubic, Marjorie; Miller, Jared; Huo, Zhiyu; Alexenko, Tatiana

    2014-07-01

    This contribution presents a corpus of spatial descriptions and describes the development of a human-driven spatial language robot system for their comprehension. The domain of application is an eldercare setting in which an assistive robot is asked to "fetch" an object for an elderly resident based on a natural language spatial description given by the resident. In Part One, we describe a corpus of naturally occurring descriptions elicited from a group of older adults within a virtual 3D home that simulates the eldercare setting. We contrast descriptions elicited when participants offered descriptions to a human versus robot avatar, and under instructions to tell the addressee how to find the target versus where the target is. We summarize the key features of the spatial descriptions, including their dynamic versus static nature and the perspective adopted by the speaker. In Part Two, we discuss critical cognitive and perceptual processing capabilities necessary for the robot to establish a common ground with the human user and perform the "fetch" task. Based on the collected corpus, we focus here on resolving the perspective ambiguity and recognizing furniture items used as landmarks in the descriptions. Taken together, the work presented here offers the key building blocks of a robust system that takes as input natural spatial language descriptions and produces commands that drive the robot to successfully fetch objects within our eldercare scenario. Copyright © 2014 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

  2. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Russian (Русский) Somali (Af-Soomaali ) Spanish (español) HealthReach resources will open in a new window. Russian (Русский) Expand Section Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (An ...

  3. Use of Time-Aware Language Model in Entity Driven Filtering System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-11-01

    knowledge graph explo- ration. In the case where no Wikipedia page were found for an entity, the set remains empty; - a set of surface forms found using...Interna- tional Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, Barcelona, Catalonia , Spain, July 17-21, 2011.

  4. Winter Weather Emergencies - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Bosnian (bosanski) Modern Standard Arabic (Arabic dialect) (العربية الفصحى, عربي فصيح) Somali (Af- ...

  5. 75 FR 7463 - National Assessment Governing Board; Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-19

    ..., materials in alternative format) should notify Munira Mwalimu at 202-357-6938 or at [email protected] no... Disabilities and English Language Learners: Open Session--2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. Executive Committee: Open... on NAEP Testing and Reporting on [[Page 7464

  6. Towards a Secure Federated Information System

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-08-01

    here. I hope that the contributions of this dissertation will in some way help achieve this goal. 190 BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Marcos K. Aguilera, Arif Merchant...Oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Applications (OOPSLA), pages 78–86, Portland, OR, USA, September 1986. [7] Chavdar Botev, Hubert Chao

  7. Mercury Shopping Cart Interface

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Pfister, Robin; McMahon, Joe

    2006-01-01

    Mercury Shopping Cart Interface (MSCI) is a reusable component of the Power User Interface 5.0 (PUI) program described in another article. MSCI is a means of encapsulating the logic and information needed to describe an orderable item consistent with Mercury Shopping Cart service protocol. Designed to be used with Web-browser software, MSCI generates Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) pages on which ordering information can be entered. MSCI comprises two types of Practical Extraction and Report Language (PERL) modules: template modules and shopping-cart logic modules. Template modules generate HTML pages for entering the required ordering details and enable submission of the order via a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) post. Shopping cart modules encapsulate the logic and data needed to describe an individual orderable item to the Mercury Shopping Cart service. These modules evaluate information entered by the user to determine whether it is sufficient for the Shopping Cart service to process the order. Once an order has been passed from MSCI to a deployed Mercury Shopping Cart server, there is no further interaction with the user.

  8. Microchannel gel electrophoretic separation systems and methods for preparing and using

    DOEpatents

    Herr, Amy E; Singh, Anup K; Throckmorton, Daniel J

    2015-02-24

    A micro-analytical platform for performing electrophoresis-based immunoassays was developed by integrating photopolymerized cross-linked polyacrylamide gels within a microfluidic device. The microfluidic immunoassays are performed by gel electrophoretic separation and quantifying analyte concentration based upon conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). To retain biological activity of proteins and maintain intact immune complexes, native PAGE conditions were employed. Both direct (non-competitive) and competitive immunoassay formats are demonstrated in microchips for detecting toxins and biomarkers (cytokines, c-reactive protein) in bodily fluids (serum, saliva, oral fluids). Further, a description of gradient gels fabrication is included, in an effort to describe methods we have developed for further optimization of on-chip PAGE immunoassays. The described chip-based PAGE immunoassay method enables immunoassays that are fast (minutes) and require very small amounts of sample (less than a few microliters). Use of microfabricated chips as a platform enables integration, parallel assays, automation and development of portable devices.

  9. Microchannel gel electrophoretic separation systems and methods for preparing and using

    DOEpatents

    Herr, Amy; Singh, Anup K; Throckmorton, Daniel J

    2013-09-03

    A micro-analytical platform for performing electrophoresis-based immunoassays was developed by integrating photopolymerized cross-linked polyacrylamide gels within a microfluidic device. The microfluidic immunoassays are performed by gel electrophoretic separation and quantifying analyte concentration based upon conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). To retain biological activity of proteins and maintain intact immune complexes, native PAGE conditions were employed. Both direct (non-competitive) and competitive immunoassay formats are demonstrated in microchips for detecting toxins and biomarkers (cytokines, c-reactive protein) in bodily fluids (serum, saliva, oral fluids). Further, a description of gradient gels fabrication is included, in an effort to describe methods we have developed for further optimization of on-chip PAGE immunoassays. The described chip-based PAGE immunoassay method enables immunoassays that are fast (minutes) and require very small amounts of sample (less than a few microliters). Use of microfabricated chips as a platform enables integration, parallel assays, automation and development of portable devices.

  10. Readability and Content Assessment of Informed Consent Forms for Phase II-IV Clinical Trials in China

    PubMed Central

    Wen, Gaiyan; Liu, Xinchun; Huang, Lihua; Shu, Jingxian; Xu, Nana; Chen, Ruifang; Huang, Zhijun; Yang, Guoping; Wang, Xiaomin; Xiang, Yuxia; Lu, Yao; Yuan, Hong

    2016-01-01

    Purpose To explore the readability and content integrity of informed consent forms (ICFs) used in China and to compare the quality of Chinese local ICFs with that of international ICFs. Methods The length, readability and content of 155 consent documents from phase II-IV drug clinical trials from the Third Xiangya Hospital Ethics Committee from November 2009 to January 2015 were evaluated. Reading difficulty was tested using a readability formula adapted for the Chinese language. An ICF checklist containing 27 required elements was successfully constructed to evaluate content integrity. The description of alternatives to participation was assessed. The quality of ICFs from different sponsorships were also compared. Results Among the 155 evaluable trials, the ICFs had a median length of 5286 words, corresponding to 7 pages. The median readability score was 4.31 (4.02–4.41), with 63.9% at the 2nd level and 36.1% at the 3rd level. Five of the 27 elements were frequently neglected. The average score for the description of alternatives to participation was 1.06, and 27.7% of the ICFs did not mention any alternatives. Compared with Chinese local ICFs, international ICFs were longer, more readable and contained more of the required elements (P < 0.05). Conclusion The ICFs used in China were difficult to read for most participants. These forms had poor description of alternatives to participation, and failed to provide a high degree of information disclosure, including an explanation of informed consent, follow-up processing of the data/sample, inclusion/exclusion criteria, double blinding, and unpredictable risks. International ICFs had better readability and content integrity than Chinese local ICFs. More efforts should thus be made to improve the quality of consent documents in China. PMID:27701471

  11. Readability and Content Assessment of Informed Consent Forms for Phase II-IV Clinical Trials in China.

    PubMed

    Wen, Gaiyan; Liu, Xinchun; Huang, Lihua; Shu, Jingxian; Xu, Nana; Chen, Ruifang; Huang, Zhijun; Yang, Guoping; Wang, Xiaomin; Xiang, Yuxia; Lu, Yao; Yuan, Hong

    2016-01-01

    To explore the readability and content integrity of informed consent forms (ICFs) used in China and to compare the quality of Chinese local ICFs with that of international ICFs. The length, readability and content of 155 consent documents from phase II-IV drug clinical trials from the Third Xiangya Hospital Ethics Committee from November 2009 to January 2015 were evaluated. Reading difficulty was tested using a readability formula adapted for the Chinese language. An ICF checklist containing 27 required elements was successfully constructed to evaluate content integrity. The description of alternatives to participation was assessed. The quality of ICFs from different sponsorships were also compared. Among the 155 evaluable trials, the ICFs had a median length of 5286 words, corresponding to 7 pages. The median readability score was 4.31 (4.02-4.41), with 63.9% at the 2nd level and 36.1% at the 3rd level. Five of the 27 elements were frequently neglected. The average score for the description of alternatives to participation was 1.06, and 27.7% of the ICFs did not mention any alternatives. Compared with Chinese local ICFs, international ICFs were longer, more readable and contained more of the required elements (P < 0.05). The ICFs used in China were difficult to read for most participants. These forms had poor description of alternatives to participation, and failed to provide a high degree of information disclosure, including an explanation of informed consent, follow-up processing of the data/sample, inclusion/exclusion criteria, double blinding, and unpredictable risks. International ICFs had better readability and content integrity than Chinese local ICFs. More efforts should thus be made to improve the quality of consent documents in China.

  12. Semantic message oriented middleware for publish/subscribe networks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Han; Jiang, Guofei

    2004-09-01

    The publish/subscribe paradigm of Message Oriented Middleware provides a loosely coupled communication model between distributed applications. Traditional publish/subscribe middleware uses keywords to match advertisements and subscriptions and does not support deep semantic matching. To this end, we designed and implemented a Semantic Message Oriented Middleware system to provide such capabilities for semantic description and matching. We adopted the DARPA Agent Markup Language and Ontology Inference Layer, a formal knowledge representation language for expressing sophisticated classifications and enabling automated inference, as the topic description language in our middleware system. A simple description logic inference system was implemented to handle the matching process between the subscriptions of subscribers and the advertisements of publishers. Moreover our middleware system also has a security architecture to support secure communication and user privilege control.

  13. An amodal shared resource model of language-mediated visual attention

    PubMed Central

    Smith, Alastair C.; Monaghan, Padraic; Huettig, Falk

    2013-01-01

    Language-mediated visual attention describes the interaction of two fundamental components of the human cognitive system, language and vision. Within this paper we present an amodal shared resource model of language-mediated visual attention that offers a description of the information and processes involved in this complex multimodal behavior and a potential explanation for how this ability is acquired. We demonstrate that the model is not only sufficient to account for the experimental effects of Visual World Paradigm studies but also that these effects are emergent properties of the architecture of the model itself, rather than requiring separate information processing channels or modular processing systems. The model provides an explicit description of the connection between the modality-specific input from language and vision and the distribution of eye gaze in language-mediated visual attention. The paper concludes by discussing future applications for the model, specifically its potential for investigating the factors driving observed individual differences in language-mediated eye gaze. PMID:23966967

  14. Reproducible computational biology experiments with SED-ML--the Simulation Experiment Description Markup Language.

    PubMed

    Waltemath, Dagmar; Adams, Richard; Bergmann, Frank T; Hucka, Michael; Kolpakov, Fedor; Miller, Andrew K; Moraru, Ion I; Nickerson, David; Sahle, Sven; Snoep, Jacky L; Le Novère, Nicolas

    2011-12-15

    The increasing use of computational simulation experiments to inform modern biological research creates new challenges to annotate, archive, share and reproduce such experiments. The recently published Minimum Information About a Simulation Experiment (MIASE) proposes a minimal set of information that should be provided to allow the reproduction of simulation experiments among users and software tools. In this article, we present the Simulation Experiment Description Markup Language (SED-ML). SED-ML encodes in a computer-readable exchange format the information required by MIASE to enable reproduction of simulation experiments. It has been developed as a community project and it is defined in a detailed technical specification and additionally provides an XML schema. The version of SED-ML described in this publication is Level 1 Version 1. It covers the description of the most frequent type of simulation experiments in the area, namely time course simulations. SED-ML documents specify which models to use in an experiment, modifications to apply on the models before using them, which simulation procedures to run on each model, what analysis results to output, and how the results should be presented. These descriptions are independent of the underlying model implementation. SED-ML is a software-independent format for encoding the description of simulation experiments; it is not specific to particular simulation tools. Here, we demonstrate that with the growing software support for SED-ML we can effectively exchange executable simulation descriptions. With SED-ML, software can exchange simulation experiment descriptions, enabling the validation and reuse of simulation experiments in different tools. Authors of papers reporting simulation experiments can make their simulation protocols available for other scientists to reproduce the results. Because SED-ML is agnostic about exact modeling language(s) used, experiments covering models from different fields of research can be accurately described and combined.

  15. LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD--INDO-PACIFIC FASCICLE FIVE.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    VOEGELIN, C. F.; AND OTHERS

    THIS REPORT CONTAINS A HISTORY OF RESEARCH CONCERNED WITH THE AUSTRALIAN LANGUAGES, AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THE 228 LANGUAGES IN THE AUSTRALIAN MACRO-PHYLUM. (THE REPORT IS PART OF A SERIES, ED 010 350 TO ED 010 367.) (JK)

  16. Insights into Facebook Pages: an early adolescent health research study page targeted at parents.

    PubMed

    Amon, Krestina L; Paxton, Karen; Klineberg, Emily; Riley, Lisa; Hawke, Catherine; Steinbeck, Katharine

    2016-02-01

    Facebook has been used in health research, but there is a lack of literature regarding how Facebook may be used to recruit younger adolescents. A Facebook Page was created for an adolescent cohort study on the effects of puberty hormones on well-being and behaviour in early adolescence. Used as a communication tool with existing participants, it also aimed to alert potential participants to the study. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of the development of the study Facebook Page and present the fan response to the types of posts made on the Page using the Facebook-generated Insights data. Two types of posts were made on the study Facebook Page. The first type was study-related update posts and events. The second was relevant adolescent and family research and current news posts. Observations on the use of and response to the Page were made over 1 year across three phases (phase 1, very low Facebook use; phase 2, high Facebook use; phase 3, low Facebook use). Most Page fans were female (88.6%), with the largest group of fans aged between 35 and 44 years. Study-related update posts with photographs were the most popular. This paper provides a model on which other researchers could base Facebook communication and potential recruitment in the absence of established guidelines.

  17. Studies in the Major Modern Languages (English, German, French) at University Level in Denmark by 1980/81.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dollerup, Cay

    This is a descriptive outline of the language situation in the Danish education system. The introductory material discusses the reason for foreign language study. A major reason is that Denmark is a small country with a difficult native language for speakers of other languages to learn. Therefore, the Danish population is exposed to foreign…

  18. Effects of Sound, Vocabulary, and Grammar Learning Aptitude on Adult Second Language Speech Attainment in Foreign Language Classrooms

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Saito, Kazuya

    2017-01-01

    This study examines the relationship between different types of language learning aptitude (measured via the LLAMA test) and adult second language (L2) learners' attainment in speech production in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms. Picture descriptions elicited from 50 Japanese EFL learners from varied proficiency levels were analyzed…

  19. 77 FR 21552 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-10

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings 1 Take notice...-1170-000. Applicants: Imperial Valley Solar Company (IVSC) 1, LLC. Description: Amendment to Initial Market-Based Rate Application of [[Page 21553

  20. Descriptions of Transit Maintenance Management Information Systems

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1984-10-01

    This 289-page report presents an overview of ten maintenance management information systems that are currently operational or near-operational on minicomputers or microcomputers. The systems described address one or more of the following concerns: co...

  1. Watershed Academy Webcast: Understanding Nutrient Issues Affecting Ohio’s Inland Lakes

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This page contains a description and documentation associated with the webcast on how USDA’s NWQI is working in priority watersheds to help farmers, ranchers and forest landowners improve water quality.

  2. 78 FR 58297 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-23

    ...: Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc. Description: 09-13-2013 SA 2017 G540/G548 GIA Amendment to be... of Disposition of Jurisdictional Facilities. Filed Date: 9/13/13. Accession Number: 20130913-5125. [[Page 58298

  3. Thick Descriptions: A Language for Articulating Ethnographic Media Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Goldman-Segall, Ricki

    "Thick descriptions" are descriptions that are layered enough to draw conclusions and uncover the intentions of a given act, event, or process. In a video environment, thick descriptions are images, gestures, or sequences that convey meaning. Neither the quantity nor the resolution of the images makes the descriptions thick. Thickness is…

  4. TATAR MANUAL, DESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR AND TEXTS WITH A TATAR-ENGLISH GLOSSARY. URALIC AND ALTAIC SERIES, VOLUME 25.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    POPPE, NICHOLAS

    THIS MANUAL PRESENTS A COMPREHENSIVE GRAMMAR OF TATAR, ONE OF THE TURKIC LANGUAGES BELONGING TO THE NORTH-WESTERN (KIPCHAK) BRANCH. IT IS SPOKEN BY NEARLY FIVE MILLION PEOPLE IN THE AUTONOMOUS TATAR SOVIET REPUBLIC OF THE USSR. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE LANGUAGE AND ITS MAIN DIALECTS IS GIVEN IN THE INTRODUCTION, WHICH ALSO INCLUDES A SELECTED…

  5. A UML model for the description of different brain-computer interface systems.

    PubMed

    Quitadamo, Lucia Rita; Abbafati, Manuel; Saggio, Giovanni; Marciani, Maria Grazia; Cardarilli, Gian Carlo; Bianchi, Luigi

    2008-01-01

    BCI research lacks a universal descriptive language among labs and a unique standard model for the description of BCI systems. This results in a serious problem in comparing performances of different BCI processes and in unifying tools and resources. In such a view we implemented a Unified Modeling Language (UML) model for the description virtually of any BCI protocol and we demonstrated that it can be successfully applied to the most common ones such as P300, mu-rhythms, SCP, SSVEP, fMRI. Finally we illustrated the advantages in utilizing a standard terminology for BCIs and how the same basic structure can be successfully adopted for the implementation of new systems.

  6. How the linguistic intergroup bias affects group perception: effects of language abstraction on generalization to the group.

    PubMed

    Assilaméhou, Yvette; Lepastourel, Nadia; Testé, Benoit

    2013-01-01

    The present research investigated whether the impact of the Linguistic Intergroup Bias (LIB; Maass, 1999) is related to the effects of linguistic abstraction on social attribution (Yzerbyt & Rogier, 2001). We did this by assessing the impact of abstract descriptions versus concrete descriptions on the generalization of a group member's behaviors to the whole group. A target's behaviors were more attributed to the group when the description was abstract than when it was concrete, and this effect of language abstraction was stronger when the description was positive than when it was negative. Our results provide an insight into how the LIB is involved in the perpetuation of intergroup bias.

  7. Berber Dialects. Materials Status Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, DC. Language/Area Reference Center.

    The materials status report for the Berber languages, minority languages spoken in northern Africa, is one of a series intended to provide the nonspecialist with a picture of the availability and quality of texts for teaching various languages to English speakers. The report consists of: (1) a brief narrative description of the Berber language,…

  8. Language and Ageing--Exploring Propositional Density in Written Language--Stability over Time

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Spencer, Elizabeth; Craig, Hugh; Ferguson, Alison; Colyvas, Kim

    2012-01-01

    This study investigated the stability of propositional density (PD) in written texts, as this aspect of language shows promise as an indicator and as a predictor of language decline with ageing. This descriptive longitudinal study analysed written texts obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health in which participants were…

  9. What Is a Language?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Le Page, R. B.

    A discussion on the nature of language argues the following: (1) the concept of a closed and finite rule system is inadequate for the description of natural languages; (2) as a consequence, the writing of variable rules to modify such rule systems so as to accommodate the properties of natural language is inappropriate; (3) the concept of such…

  10. Legal Language: What Is It and What Can We Do About It?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Charrow, Veda R.; Crandall, Jo Ann

    The simplification of legal language is required by President Carter's Executive Order requiring "clear and simple English" in government regulations. A major problem in the simplification process is the absence of any adequate description or classification of legal language. This paper defines some specific features of legal language,…

  11. Curriculum Guide, English as a Second Language, Kindergarten through Grade Twelve.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Berrios, Ana Teresa; And Others

    This curriculum guide provides a detailed description of the program in English as a second language (ESL) in the Newark Public Schools. After an introduction that describes the audiolingual method of teaching foreign languages and that defines briefly the cognitive approach to language instruction and the "silent way," the guide…

  12. Anthropology and Language Science in Educational Development Newsletter, No. 2/3.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Div. of Structures and Content of Life-Long Education.

    This issue of the ALSED newsletter contains: (1) a description of the Anthropology and Language Science in Educational Development (ALSED) program; (2) information on the meeting of experts on diversification of methods and techniques for teaching a second language or foreign languages (Paris, Unesco, 15-20 September, 1975), which discussed such…

  13. Classroom Management in Foreign Language Education: An Exploratory Review

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Macías, Diego Fernando

    2018-01-01

    This review examines studies in the area of classroom management in foreign language education. It is organized into three large areas: The first area focuses on the distinctive characteristics of foreign language instruction that are more likely to impact classroom management in foreign language classes. The second area provides a description of…

  14. Foreign Language Week: A Successful Public Relations Model.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Reschke, Claus

    A detailed description is presented of a foreign language (FL) week project that was organized and executed by the Houston Area Teachers of Foreign Languages (HATFL) during the 1979-80 academic year. The document describes the preparation activities of the organizing committee, the pre-foreign language week advertising campaigns, the design of…

  15. Heat Illness - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Bosnian (bosanski) Haitian Creole (Kreyol ayisyen) Modern Standard Arabic (Arabic dialect) (العربية الفصحى, عربي فصيح) Somali (Af- ...

  16. Quitting Smoking - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Bengali (Bangla / বাংলা) Bosnian (bosanski) Chinese, ... HealthReach resources will open in a new window. Arabic (العربية) Expand Section Avoiding Weight Gain When Quitting ...

  17. American Trypanosomiasis (Also Known as Chagas Disease) Blood Screening FAQs

    MedlinePlus

    ... For Health Care Providers, Emergency Consultations, and General Public. Contact Us Parasites Home Blood Screening FAQs Language: English (US) Español (Spanish) Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir On this Page Why are blood banks now screening for Chagas disease? How does the ...

  18. The "New Oxford English Dictionary" Project.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fawcett, Heather

    1993-01-01

    Describes the conversion of the 22,000-page Oxford English Dictionary to an electronic version incorporating a modified Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) syntax. Explains that the database designers chose structured markup because it supports users' data searching needs, allows textual components to be extracted or modified, and allows…

  19. Student Centered WebCT Instruction for African Language.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Moshi, Lioba; Ojo, Akinloye

    2000-01-01

    Explores theoretical issues concerning instructional technology for African language instruction, gives a brief description of WebCT (a web-based instruction framework), and describes its practicality in the instruction of African languages with special focus on Swahili and Yoruba. (Author/VWL)

  20. An Incentive Program for Nurse Aides Implementation Report: Description and Evaluation. Illinois Long Term Care Research and Demonstration Projects Series. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sinke, Mary

    This study examined a nursing aide recognition program in a nursing home with 50 nurses and 200 nurse aides. Before the program was implemented, baseline data on job satisfaction were gathered with a questionnaire. A one-page description of the program and an evaluation tool were distributed to the nurse aides at their information sessions. Nurse…

  1. Building Interactive Simulations in Web Pages without Programming.

    PubMed

    Mailen Kootsey, J; McAuley, Grant; Bernal, Julie

    2005-01-01

    A software system is described for building interactive simulations and other numerical calculations in Web pages. The system is based on a new Java-based software architecture named NumberLinX (NLX) that isolates each function required to build the simulation so that a library of reusable objects could be assembled. The NLX objects are integrated into a commercial Web design program for coding-free page construction. The model description is entered through a wizard-like utility program that also functions as a model editor. The complete system permits very rapid construction of interactive simulations without coding. A wide range of applications are possible with the system beyond interactive calculations, including remote data collection and processing and collaboration over a network.

  2. Hadl: HUMS Architectural Description Language

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mukkamala, R.; Adavi, V.; Agarwal, N.; Gullapalli, S.; Kumar, P.; Sundaram, P.

    2004-01-01

    Specification of architectures is an important prerequisite for evaluation of architectures. With the increase m the growth of health usage and monitoring systems (HUMS) in commercial and military domains, the need far the design and evaluation of HUMS architectures has also been on the increase. In this paper, we describe HADL, HUMS Architectural Description Language, that we have designed for this purpose. In particular, we describe the features of the language, illustrate them with examples, and show how we use it in designing domain-specific HUMS architectures. A companion paper contains details on our design methodology of HUMS architectures.

  3. Hardware synthesis from DDL. [Digital Design Language for computer aided design and test of LSI

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shah, A. M.; Shiva, S. G.

    1981-01-01

    The details of the digital systems can be conveniently input into the design automation system by means of Hardware Description Languages (HDL). The Computer Aided Design and Test (CADAT) system at NASA MSFC is used for the LSI design. The Digital Design Language (DDL) has been selected as HDL for the CADAT System. DDL translator output can be used for the hardware implementation of the digital design. This paper addresses problems of selecting the standard cells from the CADAT standard cell library to realize the logic implied by the DDL description of the system.

  4. Online nutrition information for pregnant women: a content analysis.

    PubMed

    Storr, Tayla; Maher, Judith; Swanepoel, Elizabeth

    2017-04-01

    Pregnant women actively seek health information online, including nutrition and food-related topics. However, the accuracy and readability of this information have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate pregnancy-related food and nutrition information available online. Four search engines were used to search for pregnancy-related nutrition web pages. Content analysis of web pages was performed. Web pages were assessed against the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines to assess accuracy. Flesch-Kincaid (F-K), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Gunning Fog Index (FOG) and Flesch reading ease (FRE) formulas were used to assess readability. Data was analysed descriptively. Spearman's correlation was used to assess the relationship between web page characteristics. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to check for differences among readability and other web page characteristics. A total of 693 web pages were included. Web page types included commercial (n = 340), not-for-profit (n = 113), blogs (n = 112), government (n = 89), personal (n = 36) and educational (n = 3). The accuracy of online nutrition information varied with 39.7% of web pages containing accurate information, 22.8% containing mixed information and 37.5% containing inaccurate information. The average reading grade of all pages analysed measured by F-K, SMOG and FOG was 11.8. The mean FRE was 51.6, a 'fairly difficult to read' score. Only 0.5% of web pages were written at or below grade 6 according to F-K, SMOG and FOG. The findings suggest that accuracy of pregnancy-related nutrition information is a problem on the internet. Web page readability is generally difficult and means that the information may not be accessible to those who cannot read at a sophisticated level. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  5. The Relationship between Anxiety and Attitude of Students Learning Turkish as a Foreign Language and Their Achievement on Target Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gocer, Ali

    2014-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to assess the anxiety connected with target language of the high school students learning Turkish as a foreign language. In this study, descriptive relational screening model was used. Two scales were used for collecting data. First scale was FLCAS-Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale; it was developed by Horwitz…

  6. Does language guide event perception? Evidence from eye movements

    PubMed Central

    Papafragou, Anna; Hulbert, Justin; Trueswell, John

    2008-01-01

    Languages differ in how they encode motion. When describing bounded motion, English speakers typically use verbs that convey information about manner (e.g., slide, skip, walk) rather than path (e.g., approach, ascend), whereas Greek speakers do the opposite. We investigated whether this strong cross-language difference influences how people allocate attention during motion perception. We compared eye movements from Greek and English speakers as they viewed motion events while (a) preparing verbal descriptions, or (b) memorizing the events. During the verbal description task, speakers’ eyes rapidly focused on the event components typically encoded in their native language, generating significant cross-language differences even during the first second of motion onset. However, when freely inspecting ongoing events, as in the memorization task, people allocated attention similarly regardless of the language they speak. Differences between language groups arose only after the motion stopped, such that participants spontaneously studied those aspects of the scene that their language does not routinely encode in verbs. These findings offer a novel perspective on the relation between language and perceptual/cognitive processes. They indicate that attention allocation during event perception is not affected by the perceiver’s native language; effects of language arise only when linguistic forms are recruited to achieve the task, such as when committing facts to memory. PMID:18395705

  7. Design Language for Digital Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shiva, S. G.

    1985-01-01

    Digital Systems Design Language (DDL) is convenient hardware description language for developing and testing digital designs and for inputting design details into design automation system. Describes digital systems at gate, register transfer, and combinational block levels. DDL-based programs written in FORTRAN IV for batch execution.

  8. Job Briefs. Career Education Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dependents Schools (DOD), Washington, DC. European Area.

    The document contains 288 one-page job descriptions based on 1973 information for the following 11 career clusters: automotive technology, business/clerical/sales, computer technology, electricity/electronics, graphic communications, health/cosmetology, agriculture/conservation, artistic/literary/music, mechanical/transportation/construction,…

  9. Genetics Home Reference: adult polyglucosan body disease

    MedlinePlus

    ... This Page Klein CJ, Boes CJ, Chapin JE, Lynch CD, Campeau NG, Dyck PJ, Dyck PJ. Adult polyglucosan body disease: case description of an expanding genetic and clinical syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2004 Feb;29(2):323-8. ...

  10. 75 FR 9635 - Notice of Informational Filing

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-03

    ... description of the TrackAccess product and an operational concepts document, pursuant to 49 CFR 236.913(j)(1... Register published on April 11, 2000 (Volume 65, number 70; Pages 19477-78). Issued in Washington, DC on...

  11. Too Loud! For Too Long!

    MedlinePlus

    ... work or away from work? Top of Page Videos Videos View Low Resolution Video Keep the volume down – Too loud and too ... damage your hearing Audio Description View Low Resolution Video Too loud for too long: Loud noises damage ...

  12. Translation lexicon acquisition from bilingual dictionaries

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Doermann, David S.; Ma, Huanfeng; Karagol-Ayan, Burcu; Oard, Douglas W.

    2001-12-01

    Bilingual dictionaries hold great potential as a source of lexical resources for training automated systems for optical character recognition, machine translation and cross-language information retrieval. In this work we describe a system for extracting term lexicons from printed copies of bilingual dictionaries. We describe our approach to page and definition segmentation and entry parsing. We have used the approach to parse a number of dictionaries and demonstrate the results for retrieval using a French-English Dictionary to generate a translation lexicon and a corpus of English queries applied to French documents to evaluation cross-language IR.

  13. CytoscapeRPC: a plugin to create, modify and query Cytoscape networks from scripting languages.

    PubMed

    Bot, Jan J; Reinders, Marcel J T

    2011-09-01

    CytoscapeRPC is a plugin for Cytoscape which allows users to create, query and modify Cytoscape networks from any programming language which supports XML-RPC. This enables them to access Cytoscape functionality and visualize their data interactively without leaving the programming environment with which they are familiar. Install through the Cytoscape plugin manager or visit the web page: http://wiki.nbic.nl/index.php/CytoscapeRPC for the user tutorial and download. j.j.bot@tudelft.nl; j.j.bot@tudelft.nl.

  14. Hardware synthesis from DDL description. [simulating a digital system for computerized design of large scale integrated circuits

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shiva, S. G.; Shah, A. M.

    1980-01-01

    The details of digital systems can be conveniently input into the design automation system by means of hardware description language (HDL). The computer aided design and test (CADAT) system at NASA MSFC is used for the LSI design. The digital design language (DDL) was selected as HDL for the CADAT System. DDL translator output can be used for the hardware implementation of the digital design. Problems of selecting the standard cells from the CADAT standard cell library to realize the logic implied by the DDL description of the system are addressed.

  15. Sociolinguistically Informed Natural Language Processing: Automating Irony Detection

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-04-13

    version of the corpus is available at: https://github.com/bwallace/ACL-2014-irony. The present version comprises 3,020 anno - tated comments scraped...opinion, pages 53–56. ACM, 2009. [2] J Cohen. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20:37–46, 1960

  16. Economic and Societal Factors Instructional Guide. Spanish Student Materials.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hendrix, Mary W.; And Others

    This document is the Spanish language version of the student materials component designed to accompany the Economic and Societal Factors Instructional Guide. Page numbers are consistent with the numbering in that guide. The guide's nine units deal with the following topics: (1) job acquisition (sources of employment, job application, completing…

  17. First City, Anti-City: Cain, Heterotopia, and Study Abroad

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kenney, Lance

    2011-01-01

    Cross-/inter-cultural development, language acquisition, employment potential, and the impact of homestays, program duration, direct enrollment, even grading policies have been analyzed in the pages of "Frontiers" and other journals. This analysis more often than not utilizes methodologies particular to social science research. What has been…

  18. Districts Deploy Digital Tools to Engage Parents

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fleming, Nora

    2012-01-01

    Digital technology is providing a growing variety of methods for school leaders to connect with parents anywhere, anytime--a tactic mirroring how technology is used to engage students. Through Twitter feeds, Facebook pages, and text messages sent in multiple languages, school staff members are giving parents instant updates, news, and information…

  19. Eduquemos con Musica (Let's Educate with Music).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Leiva, Raquel Ojeda

    This elementary and preschool music textbook is designed to reflect Latin America and Caribbean Island cultures and to be useful in both school classrooms and in teacher training courses. Short, easy to learn songs, illustrated pages, and 10 musical games are combined to teach musical forms, rhythm, auditory discrimination, language usage, motor…

  20. 78 FR 66906 - Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records: National Title I Study of Implementation and Outcomes...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-07

    ... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records: National Title I Study of Implementation and Outcomes; Early Childhood Language Development AGENCY: Institute of Education Sciences, Department of Education. ACTION: Notice of a new system of records. [[Page 66907

  1. Innovation Abstracts, Volume XVI, 1994.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Roueche, Suanne D., Ed.

    1994-01-01

    This volume of 30 one- to two-page abstracts highlights a variety of innovative approaches to teaching and learning in the community college. Topics covered in the abstracts include: (1) music in the biology classroom; (2) pairing English as a second language and freshman composition students in writing activities; (3) moot court exercises in…

  2. The Middle East Today: An Atlas of Reproducible Pages. Revised Edition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    World Eagle, Inc., Wellesley, MA.

    This book contains blank outline maps of the continent/region, tables and graphics depicting the size, population, resources and water, commodities , trade, cities, languages, religions, industry, energy, food and agriculture, demographic statistics, aspects of the national economies, and aspects of the national governments of the Middle East.…

  3. Deaf Adult Literacy Tutor Handbook--Revision (Final Report).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bober, Gail, Comp.

    This handbook is designed for individuals who tutor hearing impaired adults in literacy skills. It provides general information about a number of topics: adult learners; deaf adult learners; deaf awareness; deaf culture; communication tips; language, communication, and literacy for deaf adults; and teaching strategies. A 13-page report describes…

  4. Ontario Hydro and SGML.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rockley, Ann

    1993-01-01

    Describes how an analysis of Ontario Hydro's conversion of 20,000 pages of paper manuals to online documentation established the scope of the project, provided a set of design criteria, and recommended the use of Standard Generalized Markup Language to create the new documentation and the purchase of the "Dinatext" program to produce it.…

  5. Tuberculosis - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... this page, please enable JavaScript. Amharic (Amarɨñña / አማርኛ ) Arabic (العربية) Bosnian (bosanski) Cape Verdean Creole (Kabuverdianu) Chinese, ... Amharic) Bilingual PDF Massachusetts Department of Public Health Arabic (العربية) Expand Section Home Respiratory Precautions for Patients ...

  6. Immunization - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Bengali (Bangla / বাংলা) Chinese, Simplified (Mandarin ... HealthReach resources will open in a new window. Arabic (العربية) Expand Section Global TravEpiNet (GTEN) Travelers' Rapid ...

  7. Leg Injuries and Disorders - Multiple Languages

    MedlinePlus

    ... sharing features on this page, please enable JavaScript. Arabic (العربية) Chinese, Simplified (Mandarin dialect) (简体中文) Chinese, Traditional ( ... HealthReach resources will open in a new window. Arabic (العربية) Expand Section Active Leg Range of Motion - ...

  8. Chinese (Cantonese) as a Second Language Reader. Level II.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lew, Helene

    This illustrated reader contains ten one-page stories written in Chinese (Cantonese). The titles in English are: (1) "The Dictionary"; (2) "Come, Have Some Rice Noodles"; (3) "Where Shall We Go"; (4) "Beautiful Day"; (5) "The Little Dog's Wish"; (6) Let's Go to the Movies"; (7) "Going to…

  9. Using Fairy Tales for Critical Reading. Bonus Activity Book.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Learning, 1991

    1991-01-01

    This activity book uses the whole language approach to encourage young readers and prereaders to become critical listeners and viewers by comparing different versions of familiar fairy tales ("The Three Little Pigs" and "Beauty and the Beast"). Class activities, educational games, posters, and student activity pages are…

  10. Mathematics Interventions for Students with High Functioning Autism/Asperger's Syndrome

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Donaldson, Jeffrey B.; Zager, Dianne

    2010-01-01

    Teachers are often at a loss when considering how to address mathematics difficulties for students with high functioning autism/Asperger's syndrome (HFA/AS). Students may show difficulty remembering operations throughout an equation, organizing information on the page, and comprehending the language in instructions of word problems. These…

  11. Welcome to Choctaw Fair!

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boykin, Deborah; And Others

    Designed to assist students in math, language, and reading, the booklet illustrates five events that may occur at the Choctaw Fair, such as a princess pageant, dancing, riding a ferris wheel, eating hominy, and throwing rabbit sticks. A teacher's guide on the last page offers four suggested activities for preschoolers based on the booklet.…

  12. Estate Agent Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hadfield, Jill; Hadfield, Charles

    2006-01-01

    At a time when the term "property porn" makes its way onto the pages of the newest dictionaries ("a genre of escapist TV programmes, magazine features etc, showing desirable properties for sale, especially those in idyllic locations, or in need of renovation, or both"; Collins Dictionary 2005 edition), we thought it would be…

  13. Instructional Text: The Transition from Page to Screen.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kerr, Stephen T.

    1986-01-01

    Discusses the types of problems that arise when text is presented in electronic form: (1) surface design, which involves typography, layout, graphics and illustrations, and the quality of language; and (2) interface design, which is manifested on the levels of immediate surface of the text, internal structure, and external structure. (SKC)

  14. Visualizing the Verbal and Verbalizing the Visual.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Braden, Roberts A.

    This paper explores relationships of visual images to verbal elements, beginning with a discussion of visible language as represented by words printed on the page. The visual flexibility inherent in typography is discussed in terms of the appearance of the letters and the denotative and connotative meanings represented by type, typographical…

  15. Anuniatiq (Hunting).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cleveland, Truman

    This elementary language text, designed for children in bilingual Inupiat-English programs in the Alaskan villages of Ambler, Kobuk, Kiana, Noorvik, and Shungnak, contains fourteen passages about hunting in Alaska. Each page of text is illustrated with a black-and-white drawing. The English equivalent is given at the back and is not included in…

  16. Career Opportunities Instructional Guide. Spanish Student Materials.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hendrix, Mary W.; And Others

    This document is the Spanish language version of the student materials component designed to accompany the Career Opportunities Instructional Guide. Page numbers are consistent with numbering in that guide. Seventeen units are provided. The materials in Unit 1 concern various aspects of locating information about occupations; Unit 2 provides an…

  17. Multiple Learning Strategies Project. Medical Assistant. [Regular Vocational. Vol. 1.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Varney, Beverly; And Others

    This instructional package, one of four designed for regular vocational students, focuses on the vocational area of medical assistant. Contained in this document are twenty-six learning modules organized into three units: language; receptioning; and asepsis. Each module includes these elements: a performance objective page telling what will be…

  18. PALS: Parent Activities for Learning Basic Skills.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    South Carolina State Dept. of Education, Columbia.

    Developed for K-3 teachers to send home with their students, this collection of learning activities and games is offered to help reinforce students' language arts and mathematics skills and to enhance parental involvement. Suggestions to the teacher include sending home only those pages containing activities for skills currently being studied and…

  19. The Middle Latency Response (MLR) and Steady State Evoked Potential (SSEP) in Neonates.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-05-01

    diagnostic audiologic information will enhance habilitation efforts in prescribing hearing aids and designing appropriate language intervention strategies...auditory evoked brain stem response. A study of patients with sensory hearing loss. SCANDINAVIAN AUDIOLOGY 8: 67-70, 1979. Page 165 "- FILMED 10-85 DTIC * 4 N . . -. N

  20. Activity Book. Celebrate Apollo 11.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Barchert, Linda; And Others

    1994-01-01

    An activity book helps students learn about the 1969 Apollo 11 mission to the moon as they get a sense of the mission's impact on their lives. The activities enhance understanding of science, math, social studies, and language arts. A teacher's page offers information on books, magazines, computer materials, and special resources. (SM)

  1. The Study of the Use of Picture Descriptions in Enhancing Communication Skills among the 8th- Grade Students--Learners of English as a Foreign Language

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lavalle, Pamela I.; Briesmaster, Mark

    2017-01-01

    Teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL) encourage students to take a more active role in the oral activities in the classroom through different strategies. This study examines the use of picture descriptions as a strategy to develop and enhance communication skills among the eighth-grade students attending a private English school in…

  2. Automatic Digital Hardware Synthesis

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-09-01

    VHDL to PALASM, a hardware synthesis language. The PALASM description is then directly implemented into a field programmable gate array (FPGAI using...process of translating VHDL to PALASM, a hardware synthesis language. The PALASM description is then directly implemented into a field programmable gate...allows the engineer to use VHDL to create and validate a design, and then to implement it in a gate array. The development of software o translate VHDL

  3. From a concept to a word in a syntactically complete sentence: an fMRI study on spontaneous language production in an overt picture description task.

    PubMed

    Grande, Marion; Meffert, Elisabeth; Schoenberger, Eva; Jung, Stefanie; Frauenrath, Tobias; Huber, Walter; Hussmann, Katja; Moormann, Mareike; Heim, Stefan

    2012-07-02

    Spontaneous language has rarely been subjected to neuroimaging studies. This study therefore introduces a newly developed method for the analysis of linguistic phenomena observed in continuous language production during fMRI. Most neuroimaging studies investigating language have so far focussed on single word or - to a smaller extent - sentence processing, mostly due to methodological considerations. Natural language production, however, is far more than the mere combination of words to larger units. Therefore, the present study aimed at relating brain activation to linguistic phenomena like word-finding difficulties or syntactic completeness in a continuous language fMRI paradigm. A picture description task with special constraints was used to provoke hesitation phenomena and speech errors. The transcribed speech sample was segmented into events of one second and each event was assigned to one category of a complex schema especially developed for this purpose. The main results were: conceptual planning engages bilateral activation of the precuneus. Successful lexical retrieval is accompanied - particularly in comparison to unsolved word-finding difficulties - by the left middle and superior temporal gyrus. Syntactic completeness is reflected in activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) (area 44). In sum, the method has proven to be useful for investigating the neural correlates of lexical and syntactic phenomena in an overt picture description task. This opens up new prospects for the analysis of spontaneous language production during fMRI. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  4. Non-indexed medical journals in the Web: new perspectives in the medical literature.

    PubMed

    Germenis, A E; Kokkinides, P A; Stavropoulos-Giokas, C

    1997-11-01

    Many medical journals, publishing in national languages, meet serious financial problems and difficulties when they attempt to become indexed in the international indices. Obviously, this not only affects the scientific quality of non-indexed medical journals (NIMJs) but also affects the awareness of the scientific community of topics with apparently local but potentially broader scientific significance. This is a reality for over 100 Greek medical journals, none of which has a life longer than 30 years or more than 2000 subscribers. Among them, the 'Archives of Hellenic Medicine' (AHM) is published and sponsored by the Athens Medical Society (the oldest medical society in Greece founded in 1835). This peer-reviewed Journal is being published for 13 years, bimonthly, in Greek. Attempting to overcome the above mentioned problems and to be involved in the process of discovering the most effective way of scientific 'skywriting', 2 years ago, the AHM entered full-text in the Web and it was decided that up to 500% of its volume should be covered by English-language papers. As a result, the AHM are now included in the main Web lists of medical journals and their home page is linked in many academic pages having approximately 500 hits/month. Furthermore, 45 retrievals of AHM's English-language papers or English abstracts of Greek-language articles were reported by e-mail response from abroad. Considered apart from the paper-publishing, the expenses of the digital publishing of the AHM are about half of those of paper-publishing, as they were before the appearance of the Journal in the Web. Up to now, about 40% of the Journal's digital publishing cost is covered by advertisements included in its pages and by a modification of its paper-publishing policy. It is concluded that the international scientific community is not indifferent for information published in NIMJs. Medical national minorities working abroad express special interest for this type of information. The Web makes the NIMJs accessible to these potential readers, who would never have the chance to acquire them in their printed form.

  5. An Alignment of the Canadian Language Benchmarks to the BC ESL Articulation Levels. Final Report - January 2007

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Barbour, Ross; Ostler, Catherine; Templeman, Elizabeth; West, Elizabeth

    2007-01-01

    The British Columbia (BC) English as a Second Language (ESL) Articulation Committee's Canadian Language Benchmarks project was precipitated by ESL instructors' desire to address transfer difficulties of ESL students within the BC transfer system and to respond to the recognition that the Canadian Language Benchmarks, a descriptive scale of ESL…

  6. Moving beyond Communicative Language Teaching: A Situated Pedagogy for Japanese EFL Classrooms

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lochland, Paul W.

    2013-01-01

    This article questions the appropriateness of communicative language teaching (CLT) in classrooms teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) to Japanese students. The four main criticisms of CLT are the ambiguity of its description, the benefits of CLT for language learning, the amalgamation of CLT methods with local classroom practices, and the…

  7. Effect of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety on Turkish University Students' Academic Achievement in Foreign Language Learning

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tuncer, Murat; Dogan, Yunus

    2015-01-01

    This study was carried out in order to identify to what extent the Turkish students' English classroom anxiety affects their academic achievement in English language. In this quantitative descriptive study, a correlational survey model was employed, and the convenience sampling was done. In order to collect data, the Foreign Language Classroom…

  8. Learning Through Survival: An Approach to Foreign Language Teaching. A Program Description and Evaluation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Travers, Claudia S.; Reilly, Joseph T. M.

    A foreign travel program for eighth grade French language students from Shoreham, New York was developed to provide language speaking practice in Quebec, Canada. The program was designed to allow students to spend as much time as possible speaking the language and interacting with the people. The following "survival through speaking"…

  9. Interagency Language Roundtable Invitational Symposium on Language Aptitude Testing (Rosslyn, Virginia, September 14-16, 1988).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stansfield, Charles W.; Kenyon, Dorry Mann

    The report of the Interagency Language Roundtable's invitational symposium on language aptitude testing consists of a description of the project and appendixes which include the following: (1) the symposium program and abstracts of papers; (2) a list of participants; and (3) summaries of the discussions of three working groups (on applications,…

  10. First Steps to Endangered Language Documentation: The Kalasha Language, a Case Study

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mela-Athanasopoulou, Elizabeth

    2011-01-01

    The present paper based on extensive fieldwork D conducted on Kalasha, an endangered language spoken in the three small valleys in Chitral District of Northwestern Pakistan, exposes a spontaneous dialogue-based elicitation of linguistic material used for the description and documentation of the language. After a brief display of the basic typology…

  11. Philippine and North Bornean Languages: Issues in Description, Subgrouping, and Reconstruction

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lobel, Jason William

    2013-01-01

    The Philippines, northern Sulawesi, and northern Borneo are home to two or three hundred languages that can be described as Philippine-type. In spite of nearly five hundred years of language documentation in the Philippines, and at least a century of work in Borneo and Sulawesi, the majority of these languages remain grossly underdocumented, and…

  12. Challenges of Implementing a Top-Down Curriculum Innovation in English Language Teaching: Perspectives of Form Iii English Language Teachers in Kenya

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Okoth, Teresa A.

    2016-01-01

    This study investigated the challenges Form III English language teachers face when implementing the revised integrated English language curriculum. A mixed-method descriptive design was used in Eldoret East SubCounty in Kenya. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and reflective conversations. Cluster, purposive and random…

  13. Issues of Identity in Minority Language Media Production in Colombia and Wales

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Uribe-Jongbloed, Enrique

    2016-01-01

    This paper addresses how different media production teams negotiate the use of their minority languages in their practice. After a brief discussion of the concepts of language and description of a linguistic minority, a short review of similar research in the area of Minority Language Media is presented. Within this area, radio producers from…

  14. Teacher Language Competence Description: Towards a New Framework of Evaluation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sokolova, Nataliya

    2012-01-01

    The article is centred around the concept of "language competence of a foreign language (FL) teacher" and the ways it can be evaluated. Though the definition of teacher language competence might sound obvious it has not yet been clearly structured and, therefore, no component has been thoroughly described. I use this fact as a starting…

  15. The Multifaceted Ecology of Language Play in an Elementary School EFL Classroom

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kang, Dae-Min

    2017-01-01

    Language play (LP) in second language (L2) classrooms has attracted increasing attention in recent years, but descriptions and explanations of LP construction in English as a foreign language (EFL) settings remain insufficient. This paper reports the discursive processes of LP construction in an elementary school EFL classroom in Korea. I found…

  16. Rooftop Unit Comparison Calculator User Manual

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Miller, James D.

    This document serves as a user manual for the Packaged rooftop air conditioners and heat pump units comparison calculator (RTUCC) and is an aggregation of the calculator’s website documentation. Content ranges from new-user guide material like the “Quick Start” to the more technical/algorithmic descriptions of the “Methods Pages.” There is also a section listing all the context-help topics that support the features on the “Controls” page. The appendix has a discussion of the EnergyPlus runs that supported the development of the building-response models.

  17. SWAHILI LANGUAGE HANDBOOK.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    POLOME, EDGAR C.

    THIS INTRODUCTION TO THE STRUCTURE AND BACKGROUND OF THE SWAHILI LANGUAGE WAS WRITTEN FOR THE NON-SPECIALIST. ALTHOUGH THE LINGUISTIC TERMINOLOGY USED IN THE DESCRIPTION OF THE LANGUAGE ASSUMES THE READER HAS HAD SOME TRAINING IN LINGUISTICS, THIS HANDBOOK PROVIDES BASIC LINGUISTIC AND SOCIOLINGUISTIC INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS OF AFRICAN CULTURE…

  18. The Language of Qualitative Issues. AIR Forum 1982 Paper.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Duckwall, Julia M.; Johnson, F. Craig

    The communication of research findings among collegiate institutional researchers is considered in relation to the contribution of qualitative language in general, and catastrophe theory in particular. The qualitative language of catastrophe theory may help reduce the arbitrariness of description, through identification of qualitative features…

  19. Descriptions of Selected Career-Related College Language Courses

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Knodel, Arthur J.; And Others

    1977-01-01

    Seven courses or programs at different colleges emphasizing specific career applications of languages are described. They include: Technical French; Spanish for Law Enforcement and Correctional Personnel; Executive German; Proyecto Desarrollo Economico; Spanish for Medical Professions; Elements of Foreign Language, and Business French and Business…

  20. LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD--INDO-PACIFIC FASCICLE FOUR.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    VOEGELIN, C. F.; VOEGELIN, FLORENCE M.

    THIS REPORT CONTAINS A LIST AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THE AUSTRONESIAN FAMILY OF LANGUAGES WHICH INCLUDE THE LANGUAGES OF INDONESIA, FORMOSA, MADAGASCAR, THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, AND PART OF SOUTHEAST ASIA. (THE REPORT IS PART OF A SERIES, ED 010 350 TO ED 010 367.) (JK)

  1. A Grammar of Kurtop

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hyslop, Gwendolyn

    2011-01-01

    Kurtop is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by approximately 15,000 people in Northeastern Bhutan. This dissertation is the first descriptive grammar of the language, based on extensive fieldwork and community-driven language documentation in Bhutan. When possible, analyses are presented in typological and historical/comparative perspectives and…

  2. The Sizing and Optimization Language, (SOL): Computer language for design problems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lucas, Stephen H.; Scotti, Stephen J.

    1988-01-01

    The Sizing and Optimization Language, (SOL), a new high level, special purpose computer language was developed to expedite application of numerical optimization to design problems and to make the process less error prone. SOL utilizes the ADS optimization software and provides a clear, concise syntax for describing an optimization problem, the OPTIMIZE description, which closely parallels the mathematical description of the problem. SOL offers language statements which can be used to model a design mathematically, with subroutines or code logic, and with existing FORTRAN routines. In addition, SOL provides error checking and clear output of the optimization results. Because of these language features, SOL is best suited to model and optimize a design concept when the model consits of mathematical expressions written in SOL. For such cases, SOL's unique syntax and error checking can be fully utilized. SOL is presently available for DEC VAX/VMS systems. A SOL package is available which includes the SOL compiler, runtime library routines, and a SOL reference manual.

  3. Extraction of phenotypic traits from taxonomic descriptions for the tree of life using natural language processing.

    PubMed

    Endara, Lorena; Cui, Hong; Burleigh, J Gordon

    2018-03-01

    Phenotypic data sets are necessary to elucidate the genealogy of life, but assembling phenotypic data for taxa across the tree of life can be technically challenging and prohibitively time consuming. We describe a semi-automated protocol to facilitate and expedite the assembly of phenotypic character matrices of plants from formal taxonomic descriptions. This pipeline uses new natural language processing (NLP) techniques and a glossary of over 9000 botanical terms. Our protocol includes the Explorer of Taxon Concepts (ETC), an online application that assembles taxon-by-character matrices from taxonomic descriptions, and MatrixConverter, a Java application that enables users to evaluate and discretize the characters extracted by ETC. We demonstrate this protocol using descriptions from Araucariaceae. The NLP pipeline unlocks the phenotypic data found in taxonomic descriptions and makes them usable for evolutionary analyses.

  4. Subject descriptions, control groups, and research designs in published studies of language-impaired children.

    PubMed

    Schmitt, J F; Meline, T J

    1990-12-01

    We reviewed the 1983-1988 issues of six journals that frequently publish papers including specifically language-impaired (LI) subjects. A total of 92 research reports provided data for our review. The research reports included experimental studies, ex post facto studies, and intervention studies. These studies represent a broad spectrum of the theoretical and empirical foundations of knowledge regarding LI children. The analysis of the published research centered on subject descriptions and the use of control groups. A descriptive analysis of the data showed few consistent trends among the studies with respect to subject selection, subject description, and the number and types of control groups. We discuss the importance of more complete subject descriptions in studies of LI children as well as the importance of the choice of matching criteria for control groups in between-subjects designs.

  5. Can Nomenclature for the Body be Explained by Embodiment Theories?

    PubMed

    Majid, Asifa; van Staden, Miriam

    2015-10-01

    According to widespread opinion, the meaning of body part terms is determined by salient discontinuities in the visual image; such that hands, feet, arms, and legs, are natural parts. If so, one would expect these parts to have distinct names which correspond in meaning across languages. To test this proposal, we compared three unrelated languages-Dutch, Japanese, and Indonesian-and found both naming systems and boundaries of even basic body part terms display variation across languages. Bottom-up cues alone cannot explain natural language semantic systems; there simply is not a one-to-one mapping of the body semantic system to the body structural description. Although body parts are flexibly construed across languages, body parts semantics are, nevertheless, constrained by non-linguistic representations in the body structural description, suggesting these are necessary, although not sufficient, in accounting for aspects of the body lexicon. Copyright © 2015 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

  6. Just a preference: racialised language in the sex-seeking profiles of gay and bisexual men.

    PubMed

    Callander, Denton; Holt, Martin; Newman, Christy E

    2012-10-01

    Racialised language is a salient and contested aspect of contemporary sexual cultures, particularly in the online domain. This paper explores the ways in which gay men in Australia employ race-related language when using online sex/dating websites. Using inductive content analysis, descriptive categories were developed to identify recurrent patterns in the racialised language employed by website users. A coding framework was then constructed to identify the 'subject' (self, other or concept) of each piece of race-related content, its 'purpose' (marketing, negative or positive discrimination, commentary) and the 'position' adopted (defensive, normalised or critical). Descriptive and comparative analyses revealed differences in the ways in which members of racial groups employed racialised language online. These differences are reviewed in relation to broader discourses on Whiteness and race in Australia, as well as recent community-produced anti-racism campaigns.

  7. Locatable mineral reports for Colorado, South Dakota, and Wyoming provided to the U.S.D.A. Forest Service in fiscal years 2003-2005

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Wilson, Anna B.

    2006-01-01

    Introduction: The U.S. Geological Survey is required by Congress (under Public Law 86-509) to provide Locatable Mineral Reports to the U.S.D.A. Forest Service whenever National Forest System lands are sold or exchanged. This volume is a compilation of the reports already provided to the Forest Service by the author in fiscal years 2003-2005 (October 2002 - September 2005). Altogether, the reports describe the geology and locatable mineral resource potential of 74 properties offered in 15 land exchange proposals. Approximately 16,207 acres were evaluated: 9,176 acres in 31 Federal parcels and 7,031 acres in 43 non-Federal parcels. The parcels are located in 13 National Forests and three National Grasslands in three States. Fifteen reports are included in this volume. They are grouped by State, then alphabetically by Forest. Each starts with a cover letter and title page. Geologic descriptions of properties, their mineral potential, and references comprise the main body of each report. Legal descriptions (either verbatim or paraphrased from descriptions supplied by the Forest Service) of the property locations are included as attachments designated Exhibits A and B. Also included as attachments are the report request from the U.S.D.A. Forest Service and any index maps, geologic maps, or other figures or illustrations that are provided for the convenience of the Forest Service minerals examiner. The original page numbers for each individual report are retained, the larger number at the bottom of each page is the pagination for this volume.

  8. A practical approach to language complexity: a Wikipedia case study.

    PubMed

    Yasseri, Taha; Kornai, András; Kertész, János

    2012-01-01

    In this paper we present statistical analysis of English texts from Wikipedia. We try to address the issue of language complexity empirically by comparing the simple English Wikipedia (Simple) to comparable samples of the main English Wikipedia (Main). Simple is supposed to use a more simplified language with a limited vocabulary, and editors are explicitly requested to follow this guideline, yet in practice the vocabulary richness of both samples are at the same level. Detailed analysis of longer units (n-grams of words and part of speech tags) shows that the language of Simple is less complex than that of Main primarily due to the use of shorter sentences, as opposed to drastically simplified syntax or vocabulary. Comparing the two language varieties by the Gunning readability index supports this conclusion. We also report on the topical dependence of language complexity, that is, that the language is more advanced in conceptual articles compared to person-based (biographical) and object-based articles. Finally, we investigate the relation between conflict and language complexity by analyzing the content of the talk pages associated to controversial and peacefully developing articles, concluding that controversy has the effect of reducing language complexity.

  9. A survey of electric and hybrid vehicle simulation programs

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bevan, J.; Heimburger, D. A.; Metcalfe, M. A.

    1978-01-01

    Results of a survey conducted within the United States to determine the extent of development and capabilities of automotive performance simulation programs suitable for electric and hybrid vehicle studies are summarized. Altogether, 111 programs were identified as being in a usable state. The complexity of the existing programs spans a range from a page of simple desktop calculator instructions to 300,000 lines of a high-level programming language. The capability to simulate electric vehicles was most common, heat-engines second, and hybrid vehicles least common. Batch-operated programs are slightly more common than interactive ones, and one-third can be operated in either mode. The most commonly used language was FORTRAN, the language typically used by engineers. The higher-level simulation languages (e.g. SIMSCRIPT, GPSS, SIMULA) used by "model builders" were conspicuously lacking.

  10. Summary report for the Engineering Script Language (ESL)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1990-01-01

    The following subject areas are covered: ESL methodology concept; ESL specification; user interface description; engineering scripting language command statements specification; and recommendations for further research and development.

  11. [Osteosarcoma: reliability and quality of the information in the internet].

    PubMed

    Schippinger, Michael; Ruckenstuhl, Paul; Friesenbichler, Jörg; Leithner, Andreas

    2014-09-01

    The World Wide Web has grown during the last years to a considerable source of medical information for experts as well as for laymen and patients. The quality of this information is subjected to some limitation linked with the structure of the Internet and the management of Internet pages. The cross- sectional study presented evaluates and compares quality and reliability of information with respect of osteosarcoma in the most common German-language Internet pages for medical information. As both, one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors and its peak of incidence at the age of childhood and youth, osteosarcoma is considered of significant importance in orthopedic oncology.

  12. A Counterexample Guided Abstraction Refinement Framework for Verifying Concurrent C Programs

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-05-24

    source code are routinely executed. The source code is written in languages ranging from C/C++/Java to ML/ Ocaml . These languages differ not only in...from the difficulty to model computer programs—due to the complexity of programming languages as compared to hardware description languages —to...intermediate specification language lying between high-level Statechart- like formalisms and transition systems. Actions are encoded as changes in

  13. 77 FR 71790 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-04

    ... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings 1 Take notice.... Description: Compliance filing-Rel. Review of Rejected List Bids to be effective 8/1/2012. Filed Date: 11/26... effective 1/17/ 2013. [[Page 71791

  14. 75 FR 57755 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-22

    ... p.m. Eastern Time on Thursday, September 30, 2010 Docket Numbers: ER10-2578-000 Applicants: Fox Energy Company, LLC. Description: Fox Energy Company, LLC submits tariff filing per 35.12: Baseline Filing for Fox Energy [[Page 57756

  15. Pomegranate production and marketing

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    This book is relatively short, with 134 pages, 15 chapters, 52 figures, and 20 tables. It ranges from cultivar descriptions, production, biotic and abiotic challenges to production, to postharvest, aril and juice production, health benefits, and international trade. It contains great information and...

  16. Solar Space and Water Heating for School -- Dallas, Texas

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1982-01-01

    90 page report gives overview of retrofitted solar space-heating and hot-water system installation for 61-year-old high school. Description, specifications, modifications, plan drawings for roof, three floors, basement, correspondence, and documents are part of report.

  17. Astronomy Picture of the Day on Social Media

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nemiroff, Robert J.; Bonnell, J.; Lowe, S. R.; Connelly, P.; Haring, R.

    2013-01-01

    In the past few years the Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD) website has been developing a presence on social media. As with APOD's ~20 foreign language mirror sites, these social media pages have been created and are maintained by volunteers. As of this writing in 2012 October 1, the APOD Twitter feed has over 520,000 followers, the APOD Facebook page has over 28,000 Likes, and the APOD Google Plus mirror has been circled over 8,700 times. In addition three new social media sites -- APOD Sky and Universo (in Spanish) on Facebook and APOD River on Google Plus -- have been added that update more often than once daily, many times featuring unique image submissions or classic APODs from the 17+ year archive. Preliminary indications indicate that the doubling time for readers of most of these social media pages is typically less than a year. Volunteering opportunities exist to develop and contribute to APOD-related social media.

  18. Semantic similarity measure in biomedical domain leverage web search engine.

    PubMed

    Chen, Chi-Huang; Hsieh, Sheau-Ling; Weng, Yung-Ching; Chang, Wen-Yung; Lai, Feipei

    2010-01-01

    Semantic similarity measure plays an essential role in Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing. In this paper we propose a page-count-based semantic similarity measure and apply it in biomedical domains. Previous researches in semantic web related applications have deployed various semantic similarity measures. Despite the usefulness of the measurements in those applications, measuring semantic similarity between two terms remains a challenge task. The proposed method exploits page counts returned by the Web Search Engine. We define various similarity scores for two given terms P and Q, using the page counts for querying P, Q and P AND Q. Moreover, we propose a novel approach to compute semantic similarity using lexico-syntactic patterns with page counts. These different similarity scores are integrated adapting support vector machines, to leverage the robustness of semantic similarity measures. Experimental results on two datasets achieve correlation coefficients of 0.798 on the dataset provided by A. Hliaoutakis, 0.705 on the dataset provide by T. Pedersen with physician scores and 0.496 on the dataset provided by T. Pedersen et al. with expert scores.

  19. BioSWR – Semantic Web Services Registry for Bioinformatics

    PubMed Central

    Repchevsky, Dmitry; Gelpi, Josep Ll.

    2014-01-01

    Despite of the variety of available Web services registries specially aimed at Life Sciences, their scope is usually restricted to a limited set of well-defined types of services. While dedicated registries are generally tied to a particular format, general-purpose ones are more adherent to standards and usually rely on Web Service Definition Language (WSDL). Although WSDL is quite flexible to support common Web services types, its lack of semantic expressiveness led to various initiatives to describe Web services via ontology languages. Nevertheless, WSDL 2.0 descriptions gained a standard representation based on Web Ontology Language (OWL). BioSWR is a novel Web services registry that provides standard Resource Description Framework (RDF) based Web services descriptions along with the traditional WSDL based ones. The registry provides Web-based interface for Web services registration, querying and annotation, and is also accessible programmatically via Representational State Transfer (REST) API or using a SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. BioSWR server is located at http://inb.bsc.es/BioSWR/and its code is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/bioswr/under the LGPL license. PMID:25233118

  20. BioSWR--semantic web services registry for bioinformatics.

    PubMed

    Repchevsky, Dmitry; Gelpi, Josep Ll

    2014-01-01

    Despite of the variety of available Web services registries specially aimed at Life Sciences, their scope is usually restricted to a limited set of well-defined types of services. While dedicated registries are generally tied to a particular format, general-purpose ones are more adherent to standards and usually rely on Web Service Definition Language (WSDL). Although WSDL is quite flexible to support common Web services types, its lack of semantic expressiveness led to various initiatives to describe Web services via ontology languages. Nevertheless, WSDL 2.0 descriptions gained a standard representation based on Web Ontology Language (OWL). BioSWR is a novel Web services registry that provides standard Resource Description Framework (RDF) based Web services descriptions along with the traditional WSDL based ones. The registry provides Web-based interface for Web services registration, querying and annotation, and is also accessible programmatically via Representational State Transfer (REST) API or using a SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. BioSWR server is located at http://inb.bsc.es/BioSWR/and its code is available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/bioswr/under the LGPL license.

  1. Ultra-processed food product brands on Facebook pages: highly accessed by Brazilians through their marketing techniques.

    PubMed

    Horta, Paula M; Rodrigues, Fernanda T; Dos Santos, Luana C

    2018-06-01

    To analyse the content and extent of marketing of ultra-processed food products (UPP) and their brand pages on Facebook, which are highly accessed by Brazilians. Descriptive. Sixteen UPP brand pages on Facebook were selected from 250 pages that were the most liked by Brazilians in October 2015. We analysed the frequency of 'likes' and members 'talking about' each one of the pages, in addition to fifteen marketing techniques used in the previous year (September 2014 to October 2015). The number of posts, likes, 'shares' and 'commentaries', and the mean number of likes, shares and commentaries per post, were collected for one month, from 23 September to 23 October 2015. The two most liked pages were: Coke® (93 673 979 likes) and McDonald's® (59 749 819 likes). Regarding the number of people talking about the pages, McDonald's led with 555 891 commentaries, followed by Coke (287 274), Burger King® (246 148) and Kibon® (244 523). All pages used marketing techniques, which included photos, user conversations, presence of brand elements and links. Videos were observed on 93·8 % of the pages; promotions on 68·8 %; and celebrities on 62·5 %. In one month, Garoto®, Outback® and Coke were brands that published more than one post per day. Kibon achieved the highest ratio of likes per post (285 845·50) and Burger King had the highest mean shares per post (10 083·93), including commentaries per post (7958·13). UPP marketing is extensively used on Facebook pages and is highly accessed by Brazilians, with UPP companies employing a diversity of marketing strategies.

  2. Applications of Quality Management in Language Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Heyworth, Frank

    2013-01-01

    This review examines applications of quality management (QM) in language education. QM approaches have been adapted from methodologies developed in industrial and commercial settings, and these are briefly described. Key aspects of QM in language education are the definition of purpose, descriptions of principles and practice, including various…

  3. LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD--SINO-TIBETAN FASCICLE THREE.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    VOEGELIN, C. F.; VOEGELIN, FLORENCE M.

    THIS REPORT CONTAINS A LIST AND DESCRIPTION OF THE LANGUAGES OF THE CHINA-TIBET-BURMA REGION OF ASIA, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE MIAO-YAO LANGUAGE FAMILY AND THE CHINESE DIALECTS. (THE REPORT IS PART OF A SERIES, ED 010 350 TO ED 010 367.) (JK)

  4. TESOL Technology Standards: Description, Implementation, Integration

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL), 2011

    2011-01-01

    The "TESOL Technology Standards" are applicable in a wide range of contexts: foreign language, second language, child, teen, adult, higher education, vocational education, language for specific purposes, and fully online programs; and in settings with low, medium, or high resources and access to communication technologies. Students, teachers,…

  5. Syntactic Markedness and Language Acquisition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mazurkewich, Irene

    1985-01-01

    Argues that Chomsky's theory of generative grammar provides a model for second language acquisition that meets the criteria of descriptive and exploratory adequacy in accounting for the language learning process. Illustrates this by presenting data on the acquisition of dative complements and dative questions in a passive context by second…

  6. Britain's South Asian Languages.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mobbs, Michael

    This book focuses on the languages spoken by people of South Asian origin living in Britain and is intended to assist individuals in Britain whose work involves them with speakers of these languages. The approach taken is descriptive and practical, offering linguistic, geographic, and historical background information leading to appreciation of…

  7. Urban Elementary Teachers' Perspectives on Teaching Science to English Language Learners

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lee, Okhee; Maerten-Rivera, Jaime; Buxton, Cory; Penfield, Randall; Secada, Walter G.

    2009-01-01

    This descriptive study examined urban elementary school teachers' perceptions of their science content knowledge, science teaching practices, and support for language development of English language learners. Also examined were teachers' perceptions of organizational supports and barriers associated with teaching science to nonmainstream students.…

  8. Denials of Racism in Canadian English Language Textbooks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gulliver, Trevor; Thurrell, Kristy

    2016-01-01

    This critical discourse analysis examines denials of racism in descriptions of Canada and Canadians from English language textbooks. Denials of racism often accompany racist and nationalist discourse, preempting observations of racism. The study finds that in representations of Canada or Canadians, English language texts minimize and downplay…

  9. A Grammar of Bih

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nguyen, Tam Thi Minh

    2013-01-01

    Bih is a Chamic (Austronesian) language spoken by approximately 500 people in the Southern highlands of Vietnam. This dissertation is the first descriptive grammar of the language, based on extensive fieldwork and community-based language documentation in Vietnam and written from a functional/typological perspective. The analysis in this work is…

  10. [The language disorders in schizophrenia in neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic perspectives].

    PubMed

    Piovan, Cristiano

    2012-01-01

    The descriptive psychopathology has classically equated the language with the formal aspects of thought. Recent developments in experimental and clinical research have emphasized the study of the language as a specific communicative ability. Within the framework of cognitive neuropsychology, the development of innovative research models, such as those based on the mentalizing ability, has allowed to formulate new hypotheses on the pathogenetic aspects of schizophrenia. Furthermore, mentalizing ability appears to be a basic skill for the pragmatic dimension of language. The author, after a brief description of the methods of investigation of neurolinguistics and psycholinguistics, presents a review of recent studies obtained by consulting the PubMed and PsycINFO databases. Finally, he focuses on the relationship between research findings and issues related to clinical practice.

  11. Task Description Language

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Simmons, Reid; Apfelbaum, David

    2005-01-01

    Task Description Language (TDL) is an extension of the C++ programming language that enables programmers to quickly and easily write complex, concurrent computer programs for controlling real-time autonomous systems, including robots and spacecraft. TDL is based on earlier work (circa 1984 through 1989) on the Task Control Architecture (TCA). TDL provides syntactic support for hierarchical task-level control functions, including task decomposition, synchronization, execution monitoring, and exception handling. A Java-language-based compiler transforms TDL programs into pure C++ code that includes calls to a platform-independent task-control-management (TCM) library. TDL has been used to control and coordinate multiple heterogeneous robots in projects sponsored by NASA and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). It has also been used in Brazil to control an autonomous airship and in Canada to control a robotic manipulator.

  12. Evaluating Pragmatic Competence in Nigerian Undergraduates' Language Errors within Descriptive ESL Writing

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Muhammad, Anas Sa'idu; Nair, Subadrah Madhawa

    2017-01-01

    This study investigates the level of pragmatic competence for ESL writing skills among Nigerian undergraduates. Methodologically, it adopts descriptive research design within the explanatory framework of the QUAN-Qual model. The instruments used are descriptive essay text and focus group interview questions. In writing the descriptive essays, a…

  13. On the Semantics of SPARQL

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Arenas, Marcelo; Gutierrez, Claudio; Pérez, Jorge

    The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is the standard data model for representing information about World Wide Web resources. In January 2008, it was released the recommendation of the W3C for querying RDF data, a query language called SPARQL. In this chapter, we give a detailed description of the semantics of this language. We start by focusing on the definition of a formal semantics for the core part of SPARQL, and then move to the definition for the entire language, including all the features in the specification of SPARQL by the W3C such as blank nodes in graph patterns and bag semantics for solutions.

  14. A Kurdish Grammar: Descriptive Analysis of the Kurdish of Sulaimaniya, Iraq. American Council of Learned Societies Program in Oriental Languages, Publications Series B - Aids - Number 10.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    McCarus, Ernest N.

    This study is a description of the Kurdish of the city of Sulaimaniya, Iraq. Kurdish dialects cover an area embracing parts of eastern Turkey, Soviet Armenia, northern Syria, western Iran, and Khorasan in Iran. The language is described in terms of (1) phonology, (2) morphology, (3) morphophonemics, (4) word formation, and (5) syntax. An appendix,…

  15. A comparison of English and Japanese taste languages: taste descriptive methodology, codability and the umami taste.

    PubMed

    O'Mahony, M; Ishii, R

    1986-05-01

    Everyday taste descriptions for a range of stimuli were obtained from selected groups of American and Japanese subjects, using a variety of stimuli, stimulus presentation procedures and response conditions. In English there was a tendency to use a quadrapartite classification system: 'sweet', 'sour', 'salty' and 'bitter'. The Japanese had a different strategy, adding a fifth label: 'Ajinomoto', referring to the taste of monosodium glutamate. This label was generally replaced by umami--the scientific term--by Japanese who were workers or trained tasters involved with glutamate manufacture. Cultural differences in taste language have consequences for taste psychophysicists who impose a quadrapartite restriction on allowable taste descriptions. Stimulus presentation by filter-paper or aqueous solution elicited the same response trends. Language codability was only an indicator of degree of taste mixedness/singularity if used statistically with samples of sufficient size; it had little value as an indicator for individual subjects.

  16. The Possible Contribution of Social Grammar of Language Analysis to Inter-Cultural Communication and the Avoidance of Misunderstanding.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Grayshon, Matthew C.

    Different languages code messages in different ways and use different channels for sending messages; thus there are many places for misinterpreting and mishearing messages in an intercultural context. To move from one language to another requires a description of the total language communication system, one that has its universals in social and…

  17. Linguistic Theory and the Study of Legal and Bureaucratic Language. Document Design Project, Technical Report No. 16.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Charrow, Veda R.

    This paper studies legal language from three perspectives. First, legal language is defined as the variety of English that lawyers, judges, and other members of the legal community use in the course of their work. In a second section, it reviews descriptions of legal language by lawyers, linguists, and social scientists. These studies indicate…

  18. Dialogue as a Constituent Resource for Dramatic Discourse: Language, Person and Culture

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zheltukhina, Marina R.; Zinkovskaya, Anastasia V.; Katermina, Veronika V.; Shershneva, Natalia B.

    2016-01-01

    The article is devoted to the description of peculiarities of a person, language and culture. The offered approach of studying the human factor in the language singles out implicit connotations and makes it possible to see the differences in the perception of the reality by the members of the nation. The idea of the language as an environment of…

  19. The Neural Correlates of Highly Iconic Structures and Topographic Discourse in French Sign Language as Observed in Six Hearing Native Signers

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Courtin, C.; Herve, P. -Y.; Petit, L.; Zago, L.; Vigneau, M.; Beaucousin, V.; Jobard, G.; Mazoyer, B.; Mellet, E.; Tzourio-Mazoyer, N.

    2010-01-01

    "Highly iconic" structures in Sign Language enable a narrator to act, switch characters, describe objects, or report actions in four-dimensions. This group of linguistic structures has no real spoken-language equivalent. Topographical descriptions are also achieved in a sign-language specific manner via the use of signing-space and…

  20. Caught in the Middle: Child Language Brokering as a Form of Unrecognised Language Service

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Antonini, Rachele

    2016-01-01

    This paper will present the findings of a wide-scale research aimed at studying the phenomenon of Child Language Brokering (henceforth CLB) in Italy. After providing a description of recent immigration patterns and the provision of language services in Italy, and an overview of current research in this field, this study will discuss narrative data…

  1. Data-driven approach to human motion modeling with Lua and gesture description language

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hachaj, Tomasz; Koptyra, Katarzyna; Ogiela, Marek R.

    2017-03-01

    The aim of this paper is to present the novel proposition of the human motion modelling and recognition approach that enables real time MoCap signal evaluation. By motions (actions) recognition we mean classification. The role of this approach is to propose the syntactic description procedure that can be easily understood, learnt and used in various motion modelling and recognition tasks in all MoCap systems no matter if they are vision or wearable sensor based. To do so we have prepared extension of Gesture Description Language (GDL) methodology that enables movements description and real-time recognition so that it can use not only positional coordinates of body joints but virtually any type of discreetly measured output MoCap signals like accelerometer, magnetometer or gyroscope. We have also prepared and evaluated the cross-platform implementation of this approach using Lua scripting language and JAVA technology. This implementation is called Data Driven GDL (DD-GDL). In tested scenarios the average execution speed is above 100 frames per second which is an acquisition time of many popular MoCap solutions.

  2. [How are the websites of pharmaceutical companies directed at users?].

    PubMed

    López Hidalgo, María Jesús; Aguado Gómez, Alicia; Sánchez Ruiz, Marceliana; García-Moreno Rodríguez, Gregoria; Alejandre Lázaro, Gemma

    2010-05-01

    To describe the content and structure of the websites of pharmaceutical companies (PC) with health information to patients. Descriptive, cross-sectional. health topics treated, and 9 sections: objectives and target population; editorial policy, authoring, updating of content, personal data protection, interactivity, accessibility, advertising labels. Internet. All PC websites with patient health information in Spanish. We studied 60 sites found. Most common: 19.3% neurology, mental health and 12% digestive diseases. Few specify the address of the person responsible for the site (51.7%), responsible for quality (10%) or the authors of the text (15%). Nearly 2/3 show the date of publication of content (66.7%), but only 13.3% updated. Privacy and data protection are mentioned in 65%, with only 28.3% allowing control of the use of personal data. Only 10% allow expressing doubts online and 1/3 of the sites have frequently asked questions. A total of 41.7% omitted to say their information does not replace medical advice. Educational materials (for children) can be downloaded in 11.7%. Almost all (93.3%) adapted their language to the recipient, but none are accessible to disabled people. The majority (86.7%) have the company logo on all pages. Only 16.7% are fronts for advertising, and only 9 sites have a quality seal (HONcode). Pages are designed to give superficial information on a disease than directly advertise a particular brand or active ingredient. However, their reliability has to be low due to the authors and sources of information being unknown. If Internet health information was truthful and backed up by authors or appropriate information sources, the Internet could well be a genuine health education tool. Copyright 2009 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

  3. Modeling Traffic on the Web Graph

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Meiss, Mark R.; Gonçalves, Bruno; Ramasco, José J.; Flammini, Alessandro; Menczer, Filippo

    Analysis of aggregate and individual Web requests shows that PageRank is a poor predictor of traffic. We use empirical data to characterize properties of Web traffic not reproduced by Markovian models, including both aggregate statistics such as page and link traffic, and individual statistics such as entropy and session size. As no current model reconciles all of these observations, we present an agent-based model that explains them through realistic browsing behaviors: (1) revisiting bookmarked pages; (2) backtracking; and (3) seeking out novel pages of topical interest. The resulting model can reproduce the behaviors we observe in empirical data, especially heterogeneous session lengths, reconciling the narrowly focused browsing patterns of individual users with the extreme variance in aggregate traffic measurements. We can thereby identify a few salient features that are necessary and sufficient to interpret Web traffic data. Beyond the descriptive and explanatory power of our model, these results may lead to improvements in Web applications such as search and crawling.

  4. Astronomical Instrumentation System Markup Language

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Goldbaum, Jesse M.

    2016-05-01

    The Astronomical Instrumentation System Markup Language (AISML) is an Extensible Markup Language (XML) based file format for maintaining and exchanging information about astronomical instrumentation. The factors behind the need for an AISML are first discussed followed by the reasons why XML was chosen as the format. Next it's shown how XML also provides the framework for a more precise definition of an astronomical instrument and how these instruments can be combined to form an Astronomical Instrumentation System (AIS). AISML files for several instruments as well as one for a sample AIS are provided. The files demonstrate how AISML can be utilized for various tasks from web page generation and programming interface to instrument maintenance and quality management. The advantages of widespread adoption of AISML are discussed.

  5. A brief description and comparison of programming languages FORTRAN, ALGOL, COBOL, PL/1, and LISP 1.5 from a critical standpoint

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mathur, F. P.

    1972-01-01

    Several common higher level program languages are described. FORTRAN, ALGOL, COBOL, PL/1, and LISP 1.5 are summarized and compared. FORTRAN is the most widely used scientific programming language. ALGOL is a more powerful language for scientific programming. COBOL is used for most commercial programming applications. LISP 1.5 is primarily a list-processing language. PL/1 attempts to combine the desirable features of FORTRAN, ALGOL, and COBOL into a single language.

  6. Understanding and Forecasting Ethnolinguistic Vitality

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Karan, Mark E.

    2011-01-01

    Forecasting of ethnolinguistic vitality can only be done within a well-functioning descriptive and explanatory model of the dynamics of language stability and shift. It is proposed that the Perceived Benefit Model of Language Shift, used with a taxonomy of language shift motivations, provides that model. The model, based on individual language…

  7. Child Language Research: Building on the Past, Looking to the Future.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Perera, Katharine

    1994-01-01

    Outlines descriptive, theoretical, and methodological advances in child language research since the first volume of the "Journal of Child Language" was published. Papers in this volume build on earlier research, point the way to new research avenues, and open new lines of inquiry. (Contains 36 references.) (JP)

  8. Information Retrieval and the Philosophy of Language.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Blair, David C.

    2003-01-01

    Provides an overview of some of the main ideas in the philosophy of language that have relevance to the issues of information retrieval, focusing on the description of the intellectual content. Highlights include retrieval problems; recall and precision; words and meanings; context; externalism and the philosophy of language; and scaffolding and…

  9. Task-Induced Variability in FL Composition: Language-Specific Perspectives.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Koda, Keiko

    1993-01-01

    Investigated ways in which different writing tasks influence quality and quantity of foreign language composition, as well as writing strategies used by American college students when composing in Japanese as a foreign language. Study proposed to compare qualitative and quantitative differences between descriptive and narrative writing tasks; to…

  10. DESIGN FOR THINKING, A FIRST BOOK IN SEMANTICS.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    UPTON, ALBERT

    THIS BOOK ABOUT THE FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE IN HUMAN LIFE EMPHASIZES LEARNING HOW TO CLASSIFY, DEFINE, AND ANALYZE. FOLLOWING AN EXPLANATION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ROOTS OF LANGUAGE, CHAPTERS ON ANALYSIS, MEANING, SIGNS, AMBIGUITY, SEMANTIC GROWTH, AND METAPHOR LEAD TO A DESCRIPTION OF THE COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTION OF LANGUAGE,…

  11. End-User Use of Data Base Query Language: Pros and Cons.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nicholes, Walter

    1988-01-01

    Man-machine interface, the concept of a computer "query," a review of database technology, and a description of the use of query languages at Brigham Young University are discussed. The pros and cons of end-user use of database query languages are explored. (Author/MLW)

  12. Across the Threshold: A Call for ILR Proficiency Descriptor Banks

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Holman, Don

    2017-01-01

    Whereas the Interagency Language Roundtable Language Skill Level Descriptions broke new ground for assessing proficiency in foreign languages, the need for user-oriented (rather than assessment-oriented) proficiency scales has led, especially in Europe, to the creation of scales consisting of positively formulated "can-do" statements,…

  13. Mississippi Language Arts Framework with the Process of Instructional Intervention, 2000.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mississippi State Dept. of Education, Jackson.

    This Language Arts Framework provides a description of what students should know and do in English, language arts, and reading classrooms, kindergarten through twelfth grade. The framework addresses the interrelatedness of reading, writing, speaking, listening, and viewing. The intent is to raise expectations for student performance, provide…

  14. Pronouns in Akebu

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Koffi, Yao

    2010-01-01

    (Purpose) The purpose of this article is to provide a detailed description of the pronouns in Akebu. Akebu is a language spoken in South-West Togo and in the neighboring towns in Ghana. Akebu belongs to a group of languages formerly called "Togo Remnant Languages", now (Ghana Togo Mountains, GTM). The native Akebu speakers call their…

  15. Competency: The Language of the Behavioral Objectives Movement.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Craig, Samuel B., Jr.

    Several external and internal factors combine to hinder optimal communication in "Competency," the language of behavior modification. As a language, Competency a) is spoken with varying degrees of fluency and facility, b) is difficult to translate into English because the common vocabulary is used descriptively in English while it is…

  16. A Strategy for Language Assessment of Young Children: A Combination of Two Approaches.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kelly, Donna J.; Rice, Mabel L.

    1986-01-01

    A proposed strategy for language assessment advocates a combination of descriptive and formal assessment measures. This approach involves a parent-clinician interview, parent-child observations, clinician-directed formal and nonformal assessment procedures, and a parent-clinician interpretation. An elaborated sample of language assessment is…

  17. 75 FR 44267 - Government-Owned Inventions; Availability for Licensing

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-28

    ... of federally-funded research and development. Foreign patent applications are filed on selected... Clinical Research Description of Invention: Available for licensing is software that can provide prognostic... particular genotype has a significant association with survival time for an [[Page 44268

  18. 75 FR 45105 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-02

    ... which: Evaluate whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance...; Evaluate the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information... evaluation will provide descriptive information of the programs [[Page 45106

  19. 76 FR 64868 - Orphan Drug Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-19

    ... could be medically appropriate to evaluate the same drug for use in the remaining persons with the same... designation include a chemical name or a meaningful descriptive name (i.e., one that would be meaningful to... name or a meaningful [[Page 64873

  20. 78 FR 20268 - Effective Date of Requirement for Premarket Approval for Three Class III Preamendments Devices...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-04

    ... methods: Electronic Submissions Submit electronic comments in the following way: Federal eRulemaking... effectiveness of the device but does not include descriptions of methods of manufacture or product composition... scientific literature [[Page 20272

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.
Top