7 CFR 319.56-33 - Mangoes from the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Mangoes from the Philippines. 319.56-33 Section 319.56... Mangoes from the Philippines. Mangoes (fruit) (Mangifera indica) may be imported into the United States from the Philippines only in accordance with this section and other applicable provisions of this...

7 CFR 319.56-33 - Mangoes from the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Mangoes from the Philippines. 319.56-33 Section 319.56... Mangoes from the Philippines. Mangoes (fruit) (Mangifera indica) may be imported into the United States from the Philippines only in accordance with this section and other applicable provisions of this...

7 CFR 319.56-33 - Mangoes from the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Mangoes from the Philippines. 319.56-33 Section 319.56... Mangoes from the Philippines. Mangoes (fruit) (Mangifera indica) may be imported into the United States from the Philippines only in accordance with this section and other applicable provisions of this...

A Bibliography of Philippine Language Dictionaries and Vocabularies. Special Monograph Issue, Number 30.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hendrickson, Gail R., Comp.; Newell, Leonard E., Comp.

This bibliography is a comprehensive listing of dictionaries and vocabularies, published and unpublished, of the Philippine languages. Introductory sections chronicle briefly the histories of Philippine lexicography and Philippine bibliographies, describe the scope of the present work, and outline the organization of the bibliography itself and…

The Philippine Navy’s Strategic Sail Plan 2020: A Strong and Credible Force by 2020

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-09

In his 1990 book, he ranked the Philippines Navy at a 6, offshore territorial defense Navy, with high levels of capability in operations up to about...relatively high levels of capability in defensive (and constabulary) operations up to about 200 miles from their shores”196 but the Philippines “just...South China Sea and the competing claims with the Philippines within this area. Philippine Focus on Maritime Security There are multiple articles

Cross-cultural generalizability of personality dimensions: relating indigenous and imported dimensions in two cultures.

PubMed

Katigbak, M S; Church, A T; Akamine, T X

1996-01-01

The cross-cultural generalizability of personality dimensions was investigated by (a) identifying indigenous Philippine dimensions, (b) testing the cross-cultural replicability of the NEO 5-factor model (P. T. Costa & R.R. McCrae, 1992), and (c) relating Philippine and Western dimensions in Philippine and U.S. samples of college students. Filipino self-ratings (N = 536) on indigenous items were factor analyzed, and 6 Philippine dimensions were obtained. Conclusions about the replicability of the 5-factor model in the Philippines (N = 432) depended on whether exploratory, Procrustes, or confirmatory factor methods were used. In regression and joint factor analyses, moderate to strong associations were found between the Philippine dimensions and (a) dimensions from the 5-factor model in both Philippine (N = 387) and U.S. (N = 610) samples, and (b) the Tellegen model (A. Tellegen, 1985; A. Tellegen & N.G. Waller, in press) in a U.S. sample (N = 603).

Taxonomic review of the genus Leucopholis Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Leucopholini) in the Philippines.

PubMed

Calcetas, Orlando A; Adorada, Jessamyn R

2017-02-15

The genus Leucopholis Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Leucopholini) is reviewed for the species from the Philippines. Five species of Leucopholis occur in the Philippines, including one new species. Keys to the genera of Leucopholini and to the species of Leucopholis in the Philippines are provided.

38 CFR 17.350 - The program of assistance to the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... to the Philippines. 17.350 Section 17.350 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.350 The program of assistance to the Philippines. The provisions of this section through § 17.370 are applicable to grants to the...

38 CFR 17.350 - The program of assistance to the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... to the Philippines. 17.350 Section 17.350 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.350 The program of assistance to the Philippines. The provisions of this section through § 17.370 are applicable to grants to the...

38 CFR 17.350 - The program of assistance to the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... to the Philippines. 17.350 Section 17.350 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.350 The program of assistance to the Philippines. The provisions of this section through § 17.370 are applicable to grants to the...

38 CFR 17.350 - The program of assistance to the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... to the Philippines. 17.350 Section 17.350 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.350 The program of assistance to the Philippines. The provisions of this section through § 17.370 are applicable to grants to the...

38 CFR 17.350 - The program of assistance to the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... to the Philippines. 17.350 Section 17.350 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.350 The program of assistance to the Philippines. The provisions of this section through § 17.370 are applicable to grants to the...

The great diversity of major histocompatibility complex class II genes in Philippine native cattle

PubMed Central

Takeshima, S.N.; Miyasaka, T.; Polat, M.; Kikuya, M.; Matsumoto, Y.; Mingala, C.N.; Villanueva, M.A.; Salces, A.J.; Onuma, M.; Aida, Y.

2014-01-01

Bovine leukocyte antigens (BoLA) are extensively used as markers for bovine disease and immunological traits. However, none of the BoLA genes in Southeast Asian breeds have been characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-based typing (SBT). Therefore, we sequenced exon 2 of the BoLA class II DRB3 gene from 1120 individual cows belonging to the Holstein, Sahiwal, Simbrah, Jersey, Brahman, and Philippine native breeds using PCR-SBT. Several cross-breeds were also examined. BoLA-DRB3 PCR-SBT identified 78 previously reported alleles and five novel alleles. The number of BoLA-DRB3 alleles identified in each breed from the Philippines was higher (71 in Philippine native cattle, 58 in Brahman, 46 in Holstein × Sahiwal, and 57 in Philippine native × Brahman) than that identified in breeds from other countries (e.g., 23 alleles in Japanese Black and 35 in Bolivian Yacumeño cattle). A phylogenetic tree based on the DA distance calculated from the BoLA-DRB3 allele frequency showed that Philippine native cattle from different Philippine islands are closely related, and all of them are closely similar to Philippine Brahman cattle but not to native Japanese and Latin American breeds. Furthermore, the BoLA-DRB3 allele frequency in Philippine native cattle from Luzon Island, located in the Northern Philippines was different from that in cattle from Iloilo, Bohol, and Leyte Islands, which are located in the Southern Philippines. Therefore, we conclude that Philippine native cattle can be divided into two populations, North and South areas. Moreover, a neutrality test revealed that Philippine native cattle from Leyte showed significantly greater genetic diversity, which may be maintained by balancing selection. This study shows that Asian breeds have high levels of BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism. This finding, especially the identification of five novel BoLA-DRB3 alleles, will be helpful for future SBT studies of BoLA-DRB3 alleles in East Asian cattle. PMID:25606401

Philippine and North Bornean Languages: Issues in Description, Subgrouping, and Reconstruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lobel, Jason William

2013-01-01

The Philippines, northern Sulawesi, and northern Borneo are home to two or three hundred languages that can be described as Philippine-type. In spite of nearly five hundred years of language documentation in the Philippines, and at least a century of work in Borneo and Sulawesi, the majority of these languages remain grossly underdocumented, and…

Tropical cyclone influence on the long-term variability of Philippine summer monsoon onset

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kubota, Hisayuki; Shirooka, Ryuichi; Matsumoto, Jun; Cayanan, Esperanza O.; Hilario, Flaviana D.

2017-12-01

The long-term variability of Philippine summer monsoon onset from 1903 to 2013 was investigated. The onset date is defined by daily rainfall data at eight stations in the northwestern Philippines. Summer monsoons tended to start earlier in May after the mid-1990s. Other early onset periods were found during the 1900s, 1920s, and 1930s, and an interdecadal variability of summer monsoon onset was identified. Independent surface wind data observed by ships in the South China Sea (SCS) revealed prevailing westerly wind in May during the early monsoon onset period. To identify atmospheric structures that trigger Philippine summer monsoon onset, we focused on the year 2013, conducting intensive upper-air observations. Tropical cyclone (TC) Yagi traveled northward in the Philippine Sea (PS) in 2013 and triggered the Philippine monsoon onset by intensifying moist low-level southwesterly wind in the southwestern Philippines and intensifying low-level southerly wind after the monsoon onset in the northwestern Philippines. The influence of TC was analyzed by the probability of the existence of TC in the PS and the SCS since 1951, which was found to be significantly correlated with the Philippine summer monsoon onset date. After the mid-1990s, early monsoon onset was influenced by active TC formation in the PS and the SCS. However, the role of TC activity decreased during the late summer monsoon periods. In general, it was found that TC activity in the PS and the SCS plays a key role in initiating Philippine summer monsoon onset. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Determinants of Conflict in the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

CONFLICT IN THE PHILIPPINES by Jesus P. Durante III June 2012 Thesis Co-Advisors Nancy Roberts Sean Everton Second Reader: Kristen...Jesus P. Durante III 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING...release, distribution is unlimited DETERMINANTS OF CONFLICT IN THE PHILIPPINES Jesus P. Durante III Lieutenant Colonel, Philippine Army B.S

Philippines' downstream sector poised for growth

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-05-11

This paper reports that the Philippines' downstream sector is poised for sharp growth. Despite a slip in refined products demand in recent years, Philippines products demand will rebound sharply by 2000, East-West Center (EWC), Honolulu, predicts. Philippines planned refinery expansions are expected to meet that added demand, EWC Director Fereidun Fesharaki says. Like the rest of the Asia-Pacific region, product specifications are changing, but major refiners in the area expect to meet the changes without major case outlays. At the same time, Fesharaki says, push toward deregulation will further bolster the outlook for the Philippines downstream sector.

Health technology assessment in the Philippines.

PubMed

De Rosas-Valera, Madeleine

2009-07-01

The aim of this study was to discuss the development of health technology assessment (HTA) in the Philippines. A new national health insurance program began to be implemented in the Philippines in 1995 after passage of the Health Insurance Act. The program is known as the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth). HTA was introduced to the Philippines in 1998. PhilHealth began to develop an HTA program subsequently. As a developing country struggling to provide comprehensive health care to all citizens, PhilHealth sees HTA as an essential part of assuring that only effective and cost-effective care is provided for the public sector.

Conditions for Mission Completion in Low Intensity Conflict: Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-01

ENDURING FREEDOM–PHILIPPINES 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) James T. McCabe 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate...School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) N/A 10...extremist organizations . 14. SUBJECT TERMS Operation Enduring Freedom—Philippines (OEF-P), Joint Special Operations Task Force— Philippines

JPRS Report East Asia Southeast Asia

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-03

the Philippines and Japan experienced production problems. The Philippines lacked supplies of raw materials while Japan’s currency rose so high as...Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore Squid: Greece, Spain, the Philippines , Saudi Arabia, U.S. Clams: U.S., Canada, Malaysia, Japan, Italy, West Germany...raw material caught under joint venture fisheries enter- prises, while Thailand’s competitors like the Philippines and Taiwan remain unable to

US Policy on the South China Sea: Should the US Make Adjustments Following the Permanent Court of Arbitration Ruling

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-10-26

Government of the Philippines, and international community, a diplomatic tool to counter Chinese encroachment in the Philippines exclusive economic zone and...Philippines, and international community, a diplomatic tool to counter Chinese encroachment in the Philippines exclusive economic zone and more...nations within their exclusive economic zones (EEZs). 1 Bill Hayton, The South China Sea (New Haven

Tongonani geothermal power development, Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Minson, A.A.C.; Fry, T.J.; Kivell, J.A.

1985-01-01

This paper describes the features, design and construction of a 112 MWe geothermal power project, representing the first stage development of the substantial geothermal resources of the central Philippine region. The project has been undertaken by the Philippine Government. The National Powe Corporation is responsible for generation and distribution facilities and the Philippine National Oil Company Energy Development Corporation is responsible for controlled delivery of steam to the powe station.

Education for Philippine Pacification: How the U.S. Used Education as Part of its Counterinsurgency Strategy in the Philippines from 1898 to 1909

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-14

notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not...Philippines as a tool for nation-building and societal change. For more information , see Glenn Anthony May, Social Engineering in the Philippines: 5

Review on the occurrence and profiles of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the Philippines.

PubMed

Mackintosh, Susan A; Wallace, Joshua S; Gross, Michael S; Navarro, Denise D; Pérez-Fuentetaja, Alicia; Alaee, Mehran; Montecastro, Doris; Aga, Diana S

2015-12-01

The environmental occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has been a subject of concern for the past decade because they are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic. These compounds have been listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention and are expected to disperse in the global environment even after their use and production. While the occurrence of PBDEs has been well characterized in environmental and biological samples from North America, Europe, and some Asian countries (i.e. China, Japan, and Korea), there is a scarcity of available data in developing Asian countries, such as the Philippines. Examination of PBDE contamination in the Philippine environment is particularly important because regulations have only recently been implemented on the production and use of PBDEs in this country. Additionally, the Philippines receives e-waste from Western countries, which is becoming a major source of organic contaminants in the tropical Asian regions. Ultimately, the Philippines may be a hot spot for contributing to on-going global PBDE pollution due to long-range atmospheric transport. This paper presents a review of the available literature on PBDEs in both environmental and biological samples collected from the Philippines. It is also intended to provide an overview on the levels and congener profiles of PBDEs in samples from the Philippines and to compare these data with other Asian countries. New data are presented on PBDE occurrence and congener profiles in fish commonly consumed by Filipinos and in particulate matter samples collected in Metro Manila, the capital of the Philippines. Both studies contribute to the available knowledge of PBDEs in the Philippines. We aim to stress the importance of future studies in countries receiving e-wastes, such as the Philippines, and suggest what future directions might be taken to enhance the available data on the presence of PBDEs in the Philippine environment. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Diversity of Babesia bovis merozoite surface antigen genes in the Philippines.

PubMed

Tattiyapong, Muncharee; Sivakumar, Thillaiampalam; Ybanez, Adrian Patalinghug; Ybanez, Rochelle Haidee Daclan; Perez, Zandro Obligado; Guswanto, Azirwan; Igarashi, Ikuo; Yokoyama, Naoaki

2014-02-01

Babesia bovis is the causative agent of fatal babesiosis in cattle. In the present study, we investigated the genetic diversity of B. bovis among Philippine cattle, based on the genes that encode merozoite surface antigens (MSAs). Forty-one B. bovis-positive blood DNA samples from cattle were used to amplify the msa-1, msa-2b, and msa-2c genes. In phylogenetic analyses, the msa-1, msa-2b, and msa-2c gene sequences generated from Philippine B. bovis-positive DNA samples were found in six, three, and four different clades, respectively. All of the msa-1 and most of the msa-2b sequences were found in clades that were formed only by Philippine msa sequences in the respective phylograms. While all the msa-1 sequences from the Philippines showed similarity to those formed by Australian msa-1 sequences, the msa-2b sequences showed similarity to either Australian or Mexican msa-2b sequences. In contrast, msa-2c sequences from the Philippines were distributed across all the clades of the phylogram, although one clade was formed exclusively by Philippine msa-2c sequences. Similarities among the deduced amino acid sequences of MSA-1, MSA-2b, and MSA-2c from the Philippines were 62.2-100, 73.1-100, and 67.3-100%, respectively. The present findings demonstrate that B. bovis populations are genetically diverse in the Philippines. This information will provide a good foundation for the future design and implementation of improved immunological preventive methodologies against bovine babesiosis in the Philippines. The study has also generated a set of data that will be useful for futher understanding of the global genetic diversity of this important parasite. © 2013.

26 CFR 31.3121(b)(18)-1 - Services performed by a resident of the Republic of the Philippines while temporarily in Guam.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Republic of the Philippines while temporarily in Guam. 31.3121(b)(18)-1 Section 31.3121(b)(18)-1 Internal... performed by a resident of the Republic of the Philippines while temporarily in Guam. (a) Services performed after 1960 by a resident of the Republic of the Philippines while in Guam on a temporary basis as a...

Communist Insurgency in the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-01

Philippines, the Filipinos had practiced self-government. They had a political and social organization known as the barangay or village which...Cabuyao and Santa Rosa in Laguna. The "Sakdalista" revolt was motivated by nationalistic yearning and desire for social reforms. These revolts were...Philippine Revolution, narrates the social condition in the Philippines then: But by the 1920s and 󈧢s, a great economic and social change had swept

Philippine Islands: a tectonic railroad siding

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gallagher, J.J. Jr.

1984-09-01

In 1976, significant quantities of oil were discovered offshore northwest of Palawan Island by a Philippine-American consortium led by Philippines-Cities Service Inc. This was the first commercial oil found in the Philippine Islands. Other exploration companies had decided that there was no commercial oil in the Philippines. They fell prey to a situation Wallace E. Pratt, who began his career in 1909 in the Philippines, later described: There are many instances where our knowledge, supported in some cases by elaborate and detailed studies has convinced us that no petroleum resources were present in areas which subsequently became sites of importantmore » oil fields. Some explorers are blinded by the negative implications of the same knowledge that successful explorers use to find important oil fields. The Palawan discoveries are examples of successful use of knowledge. Recognition that the Philippine Islands are a tectonic railroad siding may be the key to future exploration success. These islands are continental fragments, each with its own individual geologic characteristics, that have moved from elsewhere to their present positions along a major strike-slip zone. Play concepts can be developed in the Philippines for continental fragments in each of the three major present-day tectono-stratigraphic systems that are dominated by strike-slip, but include subduction and extension tectonics, with both carbonate and clastic sediments.« less

Detection of antibodies against spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR), typhus group Rickettsia (TGR), and Coxiella burnetii in human febrile patients in the Philippines.

PubMed

Camer, Gerry Amor; Alejandria, Marissa; Amor, Miguel; Satoh, Hiroshi; Muramatsu, Yasukazu; Ueno, Hiroshi; Morita, Chiharu

2003-02-01

A total of 157 sera from febrile patients in the Philippine General Hospital in Manila, Luzon, and the Northern Samar Provincial Hospital, the Philippines, were used. Serum antibodies against spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) and typhus group Rickettsia (TGR) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence test. Antibody positive rates were 1.3% for SFGR (Rickettsia japonica) and 2.5% for TGR (R. typhus), respectively. Rickettsial antibodies in humans in the Philippines were found for the first time. These results underscore the need for further epidemiological study of clinical rickettsioses in the Philippines.

First isolation and characterization of pteropine orthoreoviruses in fruit bats in the Philippines.

PubMed

Taniguchi, Satoshi; Maeda, Ken; Horimoto, Taisuke; Masangkay, Joseph S; Puentespina, Roberto; Alvarez, James; Eres, Eduardo; Cosico, Edison; Nagata, Noriyo; Egawa, Kazutaka; Singh, Harpal; Fukuma, Aiko; Yoshikawa, Tomoki; Tani, Hideki; Fukushi, Shuetsu; Tsuchiaka, Shinobu; Omatsu, Tsutomu; Mizutani, Tetsuya; Une, Yumi; Yoshikawa, Yasuhiro; Shimojima, Masayuki; Saijo, Masayuki; Kyuwa, Shigeru

2017-06-01

Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) causes respiratory tract illness (RTI) in humans. PRVs were isolated from throat swabs collected from 9 of 91 wild bats captured on the Mindanao Islands, The Philippines, in 2013. The nucleic acid sequence of the whole genome of each of these isolates was determined. Phylogenetic analysis based on predicted amino acid sequences indicated that the isolated PRVs were novel strains in which re-assortment events had occurred in the viral genome. Serum specimens collected from 76 of 84 bats were positive for PRV-neutralizing antibodies suggesting a high prevalence of PRV in wild bats in the Philippines. The bat-borne PRVs isolated in the Philippines were characterized in comparison to an Indonesian PRV isolate, Miyazaki-Bali/2007 strain, recovered from a human patient, revealing that the Philippine bat-borne PRVs had similar characteristics in terms of antigenicity to those of the Miyazaki-Bali/2007 strain, but with a slight difference (e.g., growth capacity in vitro). The impact of the Philippine bat-borne PRVs should be studied in human RTI cases in the Philippines.

Report on a mission to the Philippines regarding the opportunities for private investment in geothermal power generation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1990-12-01

The Philippines has a rich potential for geothermal energy development, according to the assessment of opportunities for U.S. private investment in the sector. Areas covered in detail are the Philippines' geothermal resources, the legal structure of the geothermal industry, conditions acting as stimuli to geothermal power generation, and interest in private geothermal investment. Major finding are as follows. (1) The Philippine geothermal power industry is the world's second largest. (2) Geothermal resources are owned by the Government of the Philippines and a complex legal structure governs their exploitation. (3) Since the Philippines is poor in most energy resources (e.g., coal,more » oil, and gas), use of geothermal energy is necessary. (4) Despite legal and structural obstacles, various foreign private enterprises are interested in participating in geothermal development. Two possible options for U.S. investors are presented: a joint venture with the National Oil Company, and negotiation of a service contract, either alone or with a Philippine partner, for a concession on land administered by the Office of Energy Affairs.« less

United States Military Support to American Strategic Goals in the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-12-14

UNITED STATES MILITARY SUPPORT TO AMERICAN STRATEGIC GOALS IN THE PHILIPPINES A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S... Philippines 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Maj James Coughlin, USAF 5d. PROJECT... Philippines . This relationship traces back to the Manila Bay in 1898. In the years since 1898, the United States’ role in the relationship between the

Allied Forces, Southwest Pacific Area Operations Instructions Number 74

DTIC Science & Technology

1944-10-13

Victory Series of PHILIPPINE Treasury Certificates (Victory Pesos ) will be introduced in liberated areas. Coinage will be identical with that of...pre-war time. (2) Exchange will be at the ra.te of 2 pesos for one American dollar. (3) Old issues of PHILIPPINE Treasury Certificates Held by persons...in the PHILIPPINES at the time of reoccupation are fully validated; Their exchange to Victory Pesos will be encouraged; (4) PHILIPPINE Emergency

Greening the Grid: Solar and Wind Grid Integration Study for the Luzon-Visayas System of the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrows, Clayton P.; Katz, Jessica R.; Cochran, Jaquelin M.

The Republic of the Philippines is home to abundant solar, wind, and other renewable energy (RE) resources that contribute to the national government's vision to ensure sustainable, secure, sufficient, accessible, and affordable energy. Because solar and wind resources are variable and uncertain, significant generation from these resources necessitates an evolution in power system planning and operation. To support Philippine power sector planners in evaluating the impacts and opportunities associated with achieving high levels of variable RE penetration, the Department of Energy of the Philippines (DOE) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) have spearheaded this study along withmore » a group of modeling representatives from across the Philippine electricity industry, which seeks to characterize the operational impacts of reaching high solar and wind targets in the Philippine power system, with a specific focus on the integrated Luzon-Visayas grids.« less

Radar imagery interpretation to provide information about several geothermal sites in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1988-11-17

The Republic of the Philippines is intensely interested in the identification, development, and conservation of natural resources. In keeping with this, the Government of the Philippines has recently completed a nation-wide sedimentary basin evaluation program to assess hydrocarbon potential and assist in future exploration activities. This program of collection and interpretation of the radar imagery was designed to augment and complement the existing data base. The primary objective of the project was to further the goals of international energy development by aiding the Republic of the Philippines in the assessment of potential geothermal and petroleum prospects within the areas imaged.more » Secondary goals were to assist the Republic of the Philippines in utilizing state-of-the-art radar remote sensing technology for resource exploration, and to train key Philippines scientists in the use of imaging radar data. 7 refs., 20 figs., 2 tabs.« less

Radar imagery interpretation to assess the hydrocarbon potential of four sites in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1988-11-17

The Republic of the Philippines is intensely interested in the identification, development, and conservation of natural resources. In keeping with this, the Government of the Philippines has recently completed a nationwide sedimentary basin evaluation program to assess hydrocarbon potential and assist in future exploration activities. This program of collection and interpretation of the radar imagery was designed to augment and complement the existing data base. The primary objective of the project was to further the goals of international energy development by aiding the Republic of the Philippines in the assessment of potential petroleum and geothermal prospects within the areas imaged.more » Secondary goals were to assist the Republic of the Philippines in utilizing state-of-the-art radar remote sensing technology for resource exploration, and to train key Philippines scientists in the use of imaging radar data. 29 refs., 30 figs., 14 tabs.« less

Acute respiratory disease in University of the Philippines and University of Wisconsin students. A comparative study.

PubMed

Evans, A S; D'Allessio, D A; Espiritu-Campos, L; Dick, E C

1967-01-01

In a comparison of acute respiratory disease patterns and incidence in students in a semi-tropical climate at the University of the Philippines with those in students in a temperate climate at the University of Wisconsin, USA, it was found that, while respiratory infections were the commonest cause of infirmary admissions in both institutions, yet, contrary to expectations, their incidence and relative importance were actually greater in the Philippine students than in the Wisconsin students. Peak rates occurred during the rainy season in the Philippines and during the coldest months in Wisconsin. Acute infectious mononucleosis was absent in the Philippines and streptococcal sore throat and primary atypical pneumonia were rare, but the three conditions were common in Wisconsin. The authors suggest that this difference in clinical pattern may be due to immunity in the Philippines students as a result of prior childhood infection.

78 FR 57620 - Trade Mission to Philippines and Malaysia

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-19

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration Trade Mission to Philippines and Malaysia AGENCY: International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The... trade mission to Manila, Philippines and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia scheduled for October 23-October 30...

Southern Philippines and the Policy of the Second Front in the Global War on Terrorism

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-09-01

remote parts of the southern Philippines as bases to conduct training and operations. Past attempts by the Government of the Philippines (GRP) to...several camps throughout the province of Magindanao, with the main base located in Camp Abubakar As-Siddique. According to Tiglao, the MILF had...ASG55 is the smallest and the most radical of the three Islamic separatist organizations in the southern Philippines. Based in the Basilan Islands

Sr-isotopic composition of marbles from the Puerto Galera area (Mindoro, Philippines): additional evidence for a Paleozoic age of a metamorphic complex in the Philippine island arc

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Knittel, U.; Daniels, U.

1987-02-01

The Sr-isotopic composition of marbles from the Puerto Galera area (Mindoro, Philippines) is compatible with either a Tertiary or a Paleozoic age. The former is considered as unlikely because nonmetamorphic sediments of that age overlie the metamorphic complex. This implies that the metamorphic complex does not represent the basement of the Philippine arc but is an accreted terrane.

Forward Deployed Naval Forces in the Republic of the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-10

School , accessed December 9, 2015, http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/phil001.asp. 2 United States of America and Republic of the Philippines ... Philippines in U.S. Naval Forward Presence” (Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School , Monterey, CA, 2001), 27. 30 Garcia, 28. 31 Office of Naval...the Philippines . In the past decade, China’s market has become one of the top three export markets in the region, competing with the United States

Philippine Insurgencies and the U.S. Response

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-02-12

vestiges of Philippine society . The power of the matriarchal families at the pinnacle of Philippine society must accept the fact that, if the country is to...semicolonial and menifeudal society is rooted in the rapid appropriation of the means of production and the surplus product by the U.S. and local exploiting...ground forces before or after a bona fide change in Philippine society would be a disastrous undertaking. The United States cannot and should not have the

Philippine Counterinsurgency during the Presidencies of Magsaysay, Marcos, and Ramos: Challenges and Opportunities

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-10

80 Bresnan, Crisis in the Philippines , 76-77. 81 Ibid., 77. 82 Gerardo P. Sicat, “The Economic Legacy of Marcos,” UP School of Economics...of the Philippine University and later dropped out of school to organize the U.S. Tobacco Company union. He was killed, in the late of 1969, by a...insurgents- philippines -joint-agreement. Sicat, Gerardo P. “The Economic Legacy of Marcos.” UP School of Economics, November 2011. Accessed April 9, 2016

Reactogenicity and safety of the human rotavirus vaccine, Rotarix™ in The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and India: a post-marketing surveillance study.

PubMed

Bravo, Lulu; Chitraka, Amarjeet; Liu, Aixue; Choudhury, Jaydeep; Kumar, Kishore; Berezo, Lennie; Cimafranca, Leonard; Chatterjee, Pallab; Garg, Pankaj; Siriwardene, Prasanna; Bernardo, Rommel; Mehta, Shailesh; Balasubramanian, Sundaram; Karkada, Naveen; Htay Han, Htay

2014-01-01

Regulatory bodies in The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and India require post-marketing surveillance to provide additional safety data on Rotarix™ in real-life settings. In such studies conducted in The Philippines (November 2006 to July 2012; NCT00353366), Sri Lanka (November 2008 to August 2009; NCT00779779), and India (August 2009 to April 2010; NCT00938327), 2 doses of Rotarix™ were administered according to the local prescribing information (PI). The occurrence of at least Grade "2"/"3" solicited adverse event (AE) (fever, vomiting, or diarrhea), within 15 days in The Philippines or 8 days in Sri Lanka and India; unsolicited AEs within 31 days and serious adverse events (SAEs) throughout the study were recorded. Of the 1494, 522, and 332 infants enrolled in The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and India, 14.7% 14.9% and 12.7% infants, respectively recorded at least Grade "2"/"3" solicited AEs. The most commonly reported solicited AEs were irritability in The Philippines (32.2% post-Dose-1; 23.5% post-Dose-2) and India (23.0% post-Dose-1; 13.2% post-Dose-2), and fever (18.0% post-Dose-1; 20.2% post-Dose-2) in Sri Lanka. Unsolicited AEs were recorded in 24.5% (The Philippines), 4.8% (Sri Lanka), and 6.9% (India) of infants. Forty-one SAEs were recorded in the Philippines of which 6 (decreased oral intake with increased sleeping time and constipation; pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and intussusception) were considered by the investigators as causally related to vaccination. One vaccine-unrelated SAE occurred in a Sri Lankan infant. All SAEs resolved and the infants recovered. Two doses of Rotarix™, administered to healthy infants according to local PI, were well tolerated in The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and India.

Resilience and Disaster Trends in the Philippines: Opportunities for National and Local Capacity Building

PubMed Central

Alcayna, Tilly; Bollettino, Vincenzo; Dy, Philip; Vinck, Patrick

2016-01-01

Introduction: The Philippines is one of the top countries in the world at risk of climate-related disasters. For populations subsisting at the poverty line in particular, but also the nation as a whole, daily lives and wellbeing are routinely challenged. The Philippines government takes disaster risk seriously and has devoted significant resources to build disaster capacity and reduce population exposure and vulnerability, nationally and locally. This paper explores the policy and institutional mechanisms for disaster risk reduction management and research which have been conducted in the Philippines related to disaster preparedness, management and resilience.   Methods: This study draws on direct observations of and conversations with disaster management professionals, in addition to a review of the extant literature on resilience and disaster preparedness, in the Philippines. This is a descriptive study based on a search of mainly peer-reviewed studies but also articles, reports, and disaster risk reduction and response projects in the Philippines. Search words used in various combinations included: Resilience, Philippines, Disaster Preparedness, Community-based, Disaster Risk Reduction, Capacity-building. Results: Numerous activities in community based resilience and DRR have been identified across the whole disaster continuum. Yet, important gaps in research and practice remain. Discussion: The Philippines, is a leading regional actor in disaster risk management. However, a full picture of who is doing what, how, where and when on resilience and disaster preparedness does not exist. Consequently there is no single study that compares the impacts and results that different preparedness measures are having in the Philippines. We recommend further research focussed on mapping the network of actors, understanding community perceptions of disaster risk preparedness and resilience, and investigation into the socio-ecological systems of different communities. PMID:27790382

Geometry and spatial variations of seismic reflection intensity of the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate off the Boso Peninsula, Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kono, Akihiro; Sato, Toshinori; Shinohara, Masanao; Mochizuki, Kimihiro; Yamada, Tomoaki; Uehira, Kenji; Shinbo, Takashi; Machida, Yuya; Hino, Ryota; Azuma, Ryousuke

2017-07-01

In the region off the Boso Peninsula, Japan, the Pacific plate is subducting westward beneath both the Honshu island arc and Philippine Sea plate, while the Philippine Sea plate is subducting northwestward beneath the Honshu island arc. These complex tectonic interactions have caused numerous seismic events occurred in the past. To better understand these seismic events, it is important to determine the geometry of the plate boundary, in particular the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate. We conducted an active-source seismic refraction survey in July and August 2009 from which we obtained a 2-D P-wave velocity structure model along a 216-km profile. We used the velocity model and previously published data that indicate a P-wave velocity of 5.0 km/s for the upper surface of the subducting Philippine Sea plate to delineate its boundary with the overriding Honshu island arc. Our isodepth contours of the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate show that its dip is shallow at depths of 10 to 15 km, far off the Boso Peninsula. This shallow dip may be a result of interference from the Pacific plate slab, which is subducting westward under the Philippine Sea plate. Within our survey data, we recognized numerous seismic reflections of variable intensity, some of which came from the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate. An area of high seismic reflection intensity corresponds with the main slip area of the Boso slow slip events. Our modeling indicates that those reflections can be explained by an inhomogeneous layer close to the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate.

American origin of Cupriavidus bacteria associated with invasive Mimosa legumes in the Philippines.

PubMed

Andrus, Alexis D; Andam, Cheryl; Parker, Matthew A

2012-06-01

To identify the origins of Cupriavidus nodule symbionts associated with two invasive Mimosa species in the Philippines, 22 isolates were sequenced for portions of three chromosomal genes and two symbiotic plasmid loci. Eleven isolates were identical at all gene loci (2713 bp) to a lineage found in Central America. Four other Philippine isolates were identical to a second Cupriavidus lineage distributed both in Central America and in the Caribbean. None of the remaining Philippine strains had more than 0.6% sequence divergence from American Cupriavidus lineages. These results imply that the Philippine population was founded by multiple introductions from the native range of their Mimosa hosts. © 2012 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

Aftershocks to Philippine quake found within nearby megathrust fault

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schultz, Colin

2013-02-01

On 31 August 2012 a magnitude 7.6 earthquake ruptured deep beneath the sea floor of the Philippine Trench, a powerful intraplate earthquake centered seaward of the plate boundary. In the wake of the main shock, sensors detected a flurry of aftershocks, counting 110 in total. Drawing on seismic wave observations and rupture mechanisms calculated for the aftershocks, Ye et al. found that many were located near the epicenter of the main intraplate quake but at shallower depth; all involved normal faulting. Some shallow thrusting aftershocks were located farther to the west, centered within the potentially dangerous megathrust fault formed by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate beneath the Philippine microplate, the piece of crust housing the Philippine Islands.

Policy review: Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement (JPEPA)--analysis of a failed nurse migration policy.

PubMed

Yagi, Nozomi; Mackey, Tim K; Liang, Bryan A; Gerlt, Lorna

2014-02-01

In 2008, the bilateral Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement took effect. Contained within this regional free trade agreement are unique provisions allowing exchange of Filipino nurses and healthcare workers to work abroad in Japan. Japan's increasing need for healthcare workers due to its aging demographic and the Philippines need for economic development could have led to shared benefits under the Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement. However, 4 years following program implementation, results have been disappointing, e.g., only 7% of candidates passing the programs requirements since 2009. These disappointing results represent a policy failure within the current Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement framework, and point to the need for reform. Hence, amending the current Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement structure by potentially adopting a USA based approach to licensure examinations and implementing necessary institutional and governance reform measures may be necessary to ensure beneficial healthcare worker migration for both countries. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

United States-Philippines bases agreements: prospect for its renewal. Research report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mahimer, S.M.

1988-05-01

Remarks on the problems and issues related to the United States-Philippines Bases Agreement and prospect for its renewal are included namely: analysis of the provisions of the new Philippine Constitution; ASEAN perspective on the bases; US policy on nuclear weapons and its interest and options; Philippine interests and priorities, including alternate plans to compensate for the possible withdrawal of the US from the Philippines; and then an assessment of the effects of these factors on the renewal of the Bases Agreement. There are difficulties and barriers to the renewal of the said Agreement posed by conflicting policies of both partiesmore » and also due to divergent views on priorities, constitutional processes of both countries, and time constraints for concluding an agreement. However there are options for the United States regarding the problem, depending upon the desired level of its presence in Asia/Pacific region and how central the Philippine bases are to US national security interests.« less

Clinical innovations in Philippine thoracic surgery

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Thoracic surgery in the Philippines followed the development of thoracic surgery in the United States and Europe. With better understanding of the physiology of the open chest and refinements in thoracic anesthetic and surgical approaches, Filipino surgeons began performing thoracoplasties, then lung resections for pulmonary tuberculosis and later for lung cancer in specialty hospitals dealing with pulmonary diseases—first at the Quezon Institute (QI) and presently at the Lung Center of the Philippines although some university and private hospitals made occasional forays into the chest. Esophageal surgery began its early attempts during the post-World War II era at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH), a university hospital affiliated with the University of the Philippines. With the introduction of minimally invasive thoracic surgical approaches, Filipino thoracic surgeons have managed to keep up with their Asian counterparts although the problems of financial reimbursement typical of a developing country remain. The need for creative innovative approaches of a focused multidisciplinary team will advance the boundaries of thoracic surgery in the Philippines. PMID:27651936

Philippines.

PubMed

1983-09-01

This discussion of the Philippines focuses on the following: the people; geography; history; government; political conditions; economy (agriculture, mining, industry, and foreign trade); defense; foreign relations; and relations between the US and the Philippines. In 1982 the population was estimated at 51.6 million with an annual growth rate of 2.4%. The infant mortality rate was 59/1000 (1982), and life expectancy was 64 years (1981). The Philippine people are mostly of Malay stock, descended from the Indonesians and Malays who migrated to the islands long before the Christian era. The most significant ethnic minority group is the Chinese, who have played an important role in commerce since the 9th century, when they first came to the islands to trade. About 90% of the people are Christian. The Philippine Archipelago extends about 1770 kilometers north to south along the southeastern rim of Asia, forming a land chain between the Pacific Ocean on the east and the South China Sea on the west. The archipelago consists of some 7100 islands and islets. The history of the Philippines may be broken down into 4 distinct phases: the pre Spanish period, the Spanish period (1521-1898); the American period (1898-1946); and the years since independence (1946-present). A new constitution, to replace that of 1935, was completed by a constitutional convention in November 1972 and was proclaimed in effect in January 1973. The 1973 constitution provided for a parliamentary system, initially with extensive powers vested in a prime minister. Major amendments adopted in 1981 revised the system to make the president head of government. From independence of 1972, the Philippines practiced relatively traditional constiutional democracy. In addition to more moderate, legitimate opposition, the government has been opposed by 2 insurgencies, whose roots predated martial law, and by some urban terrorism. The Philippine economy grew rapidly during the period of rehabilitation and expansion after World War 2. The economy has performed below expectations in recent years. The gross national product (GNP) growth rate in 1982 ws 2.6%. Agriculture and forestry are the largest and most important sectors of the Philippines economy. The fishing industry is underdeveloped and cannot meet domestic needs. The Philippines has extensive proven and potential reserves of metallic and nonmetallic minerals. Industrial production has expanded and diversified steadily since World War 2. Foreign trade is of great importance to the Philippine economy. The armed forces of the Philippines have grown substantially in recent years, from about 60,000 troops in 1972 to 146,000 in 1983. Philippine foreign policy, at 1 time based largely on a "special relationship" with the US, has diversified over the past decade. US policy promotes a continued close association in many areas accompanied by a growing sense of equality and mutual recognition of each nation's independent interests.

Isolation and Characterization of Influenza C Viruses in the Philippines and Japan

PubMed Central

Odagiri, Takashi; Matsuzaki, Yoko; Okamoto, Michiko; Suzuki, Akira; Saito, Mariko; Tamaki, Raita; Lupisan, Socorro P.; Sombrero, Lydia T.; Hongo, Seiji

2014-01-01

From November 2009 to December 2013 in the Philippines, 15 influenza C viruses were isolated, using MDCK cells, from specimens obtained from children with severe pneumonia and influenza-like illness (ILI). This is the first report of influenza C virus isolation in the Philippines. In addition, from January 2008 to December 2013, 7 influenza C viruses were isolated from specimens that were obtained from children with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in Sendai city, Japan. Antigenic analysis with monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) glycoprotein showed that 19 strains (12 from the Philippines and 7 from Japan) were similar to the influenza C virus reference strain C/Sao Paulo/378/82 (SP82). Phylogenetic analysis of the HE gene showed that the strains from the Philippines and Japan formed distinct clusters within an SP82-related lineage. The clusters that included the Philippine and Japanese strains were shown to have diverged from a common ancestor around 1993. In addition, phylogenetic analysis of the internal genes showed that all strains isolated in the Philippines and Japan had emerged through reassortment events. The composition of the internal genes of the Philippine strains was different from that of the Japanese strains, although all strains were classified into an SP82-related lineage by HE gene sequence analysis. These observations suggest that the influenza C viruses analyzed here had emerged through different reassortment events; however, the time and place at which the reassortment events occurred were not determined. PMID:25552361

Ixora (Rubiaceae) on the Philippines - crossroad or cradle?

PubMed

Banag, Cecilia I; Mouly, Arnaud; Alejandro, Grecebio Jonathan D; Bremer, Birgitta; Meve, Ulrich; Grimm, Guido W; Liede-Schumann, Sigrid

2017-06-07

The Philippine archipelago is globally one of the most important model island systems for studying evolutionary processes. However, most plant species on this archipelago have not yet been studied in sufficient detail. The main aim of this study is to unravel the evolutionary history and biogeographic relationships of the Philippine members of the pantropical genus Ixora. The complex plastid and nuclear divergence patterns in Philippine Ixora, documented using tree and network approaches, reveal a highly dynamic evolution in Ixora, involving several phases of radiation and recolonization. Philippine Ixora comprises at least five lineages, of which one is most closely related to species from Wallacea, and the remaining four to species from Asia. Our study highlights the importance of Philippine species for understanding phytogeographic patterns in the Indomalayan-Australasian eco-region. The overall genetic differentiation, as well as the incongruence between genealogies based on the biparentally inherited nucleome and the maternally inherited plastome in Ixora, reflect the complex tectonic history of the Philippine archipelago. The Ixora lineage related to Wallacean species supports the delimitation of different ecozones along Huxley's line, because it is absent from Palawan. The remaining four lineages are all allied with Asian taxa, reflecting several waves of colonization. Close relationships between some widespread Philippine species and locally adapted narrow endemics suggest that the widespread, genetically diverse species act as pools for the formation of new species in a process of ongoing speciation. Our results suggest that the species concepts of some of the more widespread taxa need to be revised.

38 CFR 3.41 - Philippine service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Philippine service. 3.41 Section 3.41 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.41 Philippine service. (a) For a Regular...

38 CFR 3.41 - Philippine service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Philippine service. 3.41 Section 3.41 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.41 Philippine service. (a) For a Regular...

38 CFR 3.41 - Philippine service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Philippine service. 3.41 Section 3.41 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.41 Philippine service. (a) For a Regular...

38 CFR 3.41 - Philippine service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Philippine service. 3.41 Section 3.41 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.41 Philippine service. (a) For a Regular...

38 CFR 3.41 - Philippine service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Philippine service. 3.41 Section 3.41 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.41 Philippine service. (a) For a Regular...

A Tale of Two Countries: Comparing Civic Education in the Philippines and Singapore

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baildon, Mark; Sim, Jasmine B.-Y.; Paculdar, Agnes

2016-01-01

This article provides a comparative analysis of citizenship education in the Philippines and Singapore. Through an analysis of historical contexts, citizenship education policy and curriculum, it examines "Makabayan" in the Philippines and "National Education" in Singapore. It identifies particular policy and curriculum…

Collaborative Philippine-Canadian Action Cycles for Strategic International Coastal Ecohealth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watts, Paul David; Pajaro, Marivic Gosamo

2014-01-01

Canadian-Philippine linkages on multi-year coastal Action Research and learning cycles are detailed within established participatory development strategies. Philippine sustainable development is further considered as a function of inter-jurisdictional considerations, and reflexive role shifts for academe. An organizational process is outlined to…

76 FR 33027 - Agency Information Collection (Supplemental Income Questionnaire (For Philippine Claims Only...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-07

... DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS [OMB Control No. 2900-0668] Agency Information Collection (Supplemental Income Questionnaire (For Philippine Claims Only)) Activity Under OMB Review AGENCY: Veterans...: Supplemental Income Questionnaire (For Philippine Claims Only), VA Form 21-0784. OMB Control Number: 2900-0668...

The Philippines: Historical Overview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shackford, Julie; Aquino, Belinda A., Ed.

This book provides readings and student lessons about the Philippines. Lessons and activities follow a chronological sequence and provide a good resource for those interested in the Philippines. The materials begin with prehistoric times and continue to the presidency of Corazon Aquino. Each chapter provides background information along with a…

Trends in Philippine Library History.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hernandez, Vicente S.

This paper divides Philippine library history into three periods, establishing a relationship between historical events and library trends. During the Spanish period, modern library trends were introduced through the establishment of the Sociedad Economica in 1780, but did not influence Philippine library culture until the later part of the 19th…

78 FR 52213 - Certain Oil Country Tubular Goods From India, Korea, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-22

..., Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, and Vietnam: Determinations On the basis of the record \\1\\ developed in the... reason of imports from India, Korea, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine..., Korea, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, and Vietnam. Accordingly...

E-Learning in the Philippines: Trends, Directions, and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dela Pena-Bandalaria, Melinda M.

2009-01-01

In the Philippines, the term "e-learning" is used synonymously with online learning and concerns the online delivery of instructional content as well as associated support services to students. This article is primarily based on experiences at the University of the Philippines Open University (UPOU). It showcases the development of…

NREL: International Activities - Philippines Wind Resource Maps and Data

Science.gov Websites

Philippines Wind Resource Maps and Data In 2014, under the Enhancing Capacity for Low Emission National Wind Technology Center and Geospatial Data Science Team applied modern approaches to update previous estimates to support the development of wind energy potential in the Philippines. The new

Molecular Characterization of Chikungunya Virus, Philippines, 2011-2013.

PubMed

Sy, Ava Kristy; Saito-Obata, Mariko; Medado, Inez Andrea; Tohma, Kentaro; Dapat, Clyde; Segubre-Mercado, Edelwisa; Tandoc, Amado; Lupisan, Socorro; Oshitani, Hitoshi

2016-05-01

During 2011-2013, a nationwide outbreak of chikungunya virus infection occurred in the Philippines. The Asian genotype was identified as the predominant genotype; sporadic cases of the East/Central/South African genotype were detected in Mindanao. Further monitoring is needed to define the transmission pattern of this virus in the Philippines.

38 CFR 17.125 - Where to file claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...: 38 U.S.C. 7304) (b) For services rendered in the Philippines. Claims for the expenses of care or services rendered in the Republic of the Philippines should be filed with the Department of Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic (358/00), 2201 Roxas Blvd., Pasay City, 1300, Republic of the Philippines. (c...

38 CFR 17.125 - Where to file claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...: 38 U.S.C. 7304) (b) For services rendered in the Philippines. Claims for the expenses of care or services rendered in the Republic of the Philippines should be filed with the Department of Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic (358/00), 2201 Roxas Blvd., Pasay City, 1300, Republic of the Philippines. (c...

38 CFR 17.125 - Where to file claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...: 38 U.S.C. 7304) (b) For services rendered in the Philippines. Claims for the expenses of care or services rendered in the Republic of the Philippines should be filed with the Department of Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic (358/00), 2201 Roxas Blvd., Pasay City, 1300, Republic of the Philippines. (c...

38 CFR 17.125 - Where to file claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...: 38 U.S.C. 7304) (b) For services rendered in the Philippines. Claims for the expenses of care or services rendered in the Republic of the Philippines should be filed with the Department of Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic (358/00), 2201 Roxas Blvd., Pasay City, 1300, Republic of the Philippines. (c...

38 CFR 17.125 - Where to file claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...: 38 U.S.C. 7304) (b) For services rendered in the Philippines. Claims for the expenses of care or services rendered in the Republic of the Philippines should be filed with the Department of Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic (358/00), 2201 Roxas Blvd., Pasay City, 1300, Republic of the Philippines. (c...

Editorializing in L2: The Case of Philippine English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dayag, Danilo T.

2004-01-01

This paper examines the discourse structure of newspaper editorials in Philippine English in terms of their macrostructure and their lexico-grammatical features. Data were taken from three leading English-language newspapers in the Philippines. Toulmin's framework is used in analyzing the macrostructure of the editorials. The study posits that the…

U.S. Military Assistance to Philippine Ground Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-02

were dead in some of the most brutal fighting Americans had seen. 2 O n the other hand, much had been done in terms of nationbuilding, public health ... literacy , and civic action. Nevertheless, the U.S. conquest of the Philippines had been sheer imperialism. In the following years the Philippines was

The Philippines in Spanish Rule. Asian Studies Module.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romero, Marco

This curriculum outline introduces the components of a Latin America Civilization course which acquaints students with the Philippines and the similarities that exist between the Philippines and Latin America. First, the goals and student objectives of the course, which emphasizes the history, economic, political, religious, ethnic, and social…

The Philippine "Hip Hop Stick Dance"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Lisa

2012-01-01

This article introduces a dance that blends the traditional cultural heritage of the Philippines with modern music and moves. "Hip Hop Stick Dance" incorporates Tinikling (the Philippine national dance) and Arnis (a Filipino style of martial arts) to create a contemporary combination of rhythm, dance, and fitness. It was designed to introduce…

Utilization of the Philippine Research Reactor as a training facility for nuclear power plant operators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Palabrica, R.J.

1981-01-01

The Philippines has a 1-MW swimming-pool reactor facility operated by the Philippine Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC). The reactor is light-water moderated and cooled, graphite reflected, and fueled with 90% enriched uranium. Since it became critical in 1963 it has been utilized for research, radioisotope production, and training. It was used initially in the training of PAEC personnel and other research institutions and universities. During the last few years, however, it has played a key role in training personnel for the Philippine Nuclear Power Project (PNPP).

Energy systems equipment market research in the Philippines. Foreign market survey report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1979-05-01

The market research was undertaken to study the present and potential US share of the market in the Philippines for energy systems equipment; to examine growth trends in the Philippines end-user industries over the next few years; to identify specific product categories that offer the most promising export potential for US companies; and to provide basic data which will assist US suppliers in determining current and potential sales and marketing opportunities. The trade promotional and marketing techniques which are likely to suceed in the Philippines were also reviewed.

Pb-isotopic compositions of volcanic rocks in the West and East Philippine island arcs: presence of the Dupal isotopic anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mukasa, Samuel B.; McCabe, Robert; Gill, James B.

1987-07-01

The Philippine islands are situated between two oppositely dipping zones of seismicity. With the exception of a few areas, such as in the west central Philippines where the North Palawan continental terrane (NPCT) has collided with the archipelago, these seismic zones are well defined to depths of 200 km. Active volcanic chains overlay segments in each of these zones, suggesting that subduction is presently taking place both east and west of the islands. Lavas we have studied are thus divided between what has been termed the West Philippine arc and the East Philippine arc. West Philippine arc volcanic rocks which were extruded before the Philippine archipelago collided with the NPCT, or which are younger than the collision but crop out hundreds of kilometers from the collision zone, and all but one of the rocks from the East Philippine arc fall in the MORB field on 207Pb/ 204Pb versus 206Pb/ 204Pb covariation diagrams. This is surprising considering the frequency with which arc materials have 207Pb/ 204Pb ratios higher than those of MORB, the highBa/REE and Sr/REE ratios in the lavas and the possibility of sediment subduction given the small accretionary prisms. All of these rocks have high 208Pb/ 204Pb ratios with respect to Pacific and Atlantic Ocean MORB, but are similar to Indian Ocean MORB and IOB. Thus the Philippines consist of island arcs with the peculiar Dupal isotopic anomaly documented between 0° and 60°S in the southern hemisphere and particularly in the Indian Ocean region. This demonstrates that the Dupal isotopic anomaly is not restricted to the southern hemisphere, or to MORB and OIB. Post-collision rocks cropping out near the NPCT, in the West Philippine arc, have elevated 208Pb/ 204Pb and 207Pb/ 204Pb ratios that could be attributed to assimilation of the newly introduced continental crust (NPCT) by mantle-derived magmas or to the addition of a sedimentary component to mantle-derived magmas.

Seismicity of the Earth 1900-2012 Philippine Sea plate and vicinity

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smoczyk, Gregory M.; Hayes, Gavin P.; Hamburger, Michael W.; Benz, Harley M.; Villaseñor, Antonio; Furlong, Kevin P.

2013-01-01

The complex tectonics surrounding the Philippine Islands are dominated by the interactions of the Pacific, Sunda, and Eurasia plates with the Philippine Sea plate (PSP). The latter is unique because it is almost exclusively surrounded by zones of plate convergence. At its eastern and southeastern edges, the Pacific plate is subducted beneath the PSP at the Izu-Bonin, Mariana, and Yap trenches. Here, the subduction zone exhibits high rates of seismic activity to depths of over 600 km, though no great earthquakes (M>8.0) have been observed, likely because of weak coupling along the plate interface. In the northeast, the PSP subducts beneath Japan and the eastern margin of the Eurasia plate at the Nankai and Ryukyu trenches, extending westward to Taiwan. The Nankai portion of this subduction zone has hosted some of the largest earthquakes along the margins of the PSP, including a pair of Mw8.1 megathrust events in 1944 and 1946. Along its western margin, the convergence of the PSP and the Sunda plate is responsible for a broad and active plate boundary system extending along both sides of the Philippine Islands chain. The region is characterized by opposite-facing subduction systems on the east and west sides of the islands, and the archipelago is cut by a major transform structure: the Philippine Fault. Subduction of the Philippine Sea plate occurs at the eastern margin of the islands along the Philippine Trench and its northern extension, the East Luzon Trough. On the west side of Luzon, the Sunda Plate subducts eastward along a series of trenches, including the Manila Trench in the north, the smaller Negros Trench in the central Philippines, and the Sulu and Cotabato trenches in the south. Twentieth and early twentyfirst century seismic activity along the boundaries of the Philippine Sea plate has produced seven great (M>8.0) earthquakes and 250 large (M>7) events. Among the most destructive events were the 1923 Kanto, the 1948 Fukui, and the 1995 Kobe, Japan, earthquakes; the 1935 and the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquakes; and the 1976 M7.6 Moro Gulf and 1990 M7.6 Luzon, Philippines, earthquakes.

Diabetes Care in the Philippines.

PubMed

Tan, Gerry H

2015-01-01

Diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate in Asian countries including the Philippines. Both the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continue to increase with a commensurate upward trend in the prevalence of prediabetes. The aim of this study was to review the prevalence of diabetes in the Philippines and to describe extensively the characteristics of diabetes care in the Philippines from availability of diagnostics tests to the procurement of medications. A literature search was performed using the search words diabetes care and Philippines. Articles that were retrieved were reviewed for relevance and then synthesized to highlight key features. The prevalence of diabetes in the Philippines is increasing. Rapid urbanization with increasing dependence on electronic gadgets and sedentary lifestyle contribute significantly to this epidemic. Diabetes care in the Philippines is disadvantaged and challenged with respect to resources, government support, and economics. The national insurance system does not cover comprehensive diabetes care in a preventive model and private insurance companies only offer limited diabetes coverage. Thus, most patients rely on "out-of-pocket" expenses, namely, laboratory procedures and daily medications. Consequently, poor pharmacotherapy adherence impairs prevention of complications. Moreover, behavioral modifications are difficult due to cultural preferences for a traditional diet of refined sugar, including white rice and bread. Translating clinical data into practice in the Philippines will require fundamental and transformative changes that increase diabetes awareness, emphasize lifestyle change while respecting cultural preferences, and promote public policy especially regarding the health insurance system to improve overall diabetes care and outcomes. Copyright © 2015 The Author. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Isolation and characterization of influenza C viruses in the Philippines and Japan.

PubMed

Odagiri, Takashi; Matsuzaki, Yoko; Okamoto, Michiko; Suzuki, Akira; Saito, Mariko; Tamaki, Raita; Lupisan, Socorro P; Sombrero, Lydia T; Hongo, Seiji; Oshitani, Hitoshi

2015-03-01

From November 2009 to December 2013 in the Philippines, 15 influenza C viruses were isolated, using MDCK cells, from specimens obtained from children with severe pneumonia and influenza-like illness (ILI). This is the first report of influenza C virus isolation in the Philippines. In addition, from January 2008 to December 2013, 7 influenza C viruses were isolated from specimens that were obtained from children with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in Sendai city, Japan. Antigenic analysis with monoclonal antibodies to the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) glycoprotein showed that 19 strains (12 from the Philippines and 7 from Japan) were similar to the influenza C virus reference strain C/Sao Paulo/378/82 (SP82). Phylogenetic analysis of the HE gene showed that the strains from the Philippines and Japan formed distinct clusters within an SP82-related lineage. The clusters that included the Philippine and Japanese strains were shown to have diverged from a common ancestor around 1993. In addition, phylogenetic analysis of the internal genes showed that all strains isolated in the Philippines and Japan had emerged through reassortment events. The composition of the internal genes of the Philippine strains was different from that of the Japanese strains, although all strains were classified into an SP82-related lineage by HE gene sequence analysis. These observations suggest that the influenza C viruses analyzed here had emerged through different reassortment events; however, the time and place at which the reassortment events occurred were not determined. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Arguing in L2: Discourse Structure and Textual Metadiscourse in Philippine Newspaper Editorials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tarrayo, Veronico N.; Duque, Marie Claire T.

2011-01-01

This study described the discourse structure and textual metadiscourse in newspaper editorials in the Philippines where English is used as a second language or L2. Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions: (1) What discourse features characterize the structure of the following parts of Philippine newspaper editorials--orientation…

77 FR 42697 - Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines: Continuation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-20

...] Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines: Continuation of.... International Trade Commission that revocation of the antidumping duty orders on stainless steel butt-weld pipe... from Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines.\\2\\ \\1\\ See Antidumping Duty Orders: Stainless Steel Butt...

7 CFR 319.56-33 - Mangoes from the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Mangoes from the Philippines. 319.56-33 Section 319.56... Mangoes from the Philippines. Mangoes (fruit) (Mangifera indica) may be imported into the United States... subpart. (a) Limitation of origin. The mangoes must have been grown on the island of Guimaras, which the...

Plurality in Unity: Challenges toward Religious Education in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baring, Rito V.

2011-01-01

This article reviews the challenges provided by a plural condition toward doing religious education in the Philippines. The problem of Philippine religious education hinges on the fact that the growing plural condition in the educational system remains until now "un-discussed"; or integrated in many schools. Not much is heard about…

77 FR 40329 - U.S. Renewable Energy Trade Mission Philippines and Thailand, Manila, Philippines and Bangkok...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-09

... a few types of equipment where quality and efficiency are important: Inverters for solar PV power.... Geothermal. Hydropower. Wind power. Solar power. Both Thailand and the Philippines rank high on ITA's... through resources such as solar, wind energy, hydro and biomass resources. Total installed capacity of the...

Fictionalized History in the Philippines: Five Narratives of Collective Amnesia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ortiz, Will P.

2008-01-01

The paper analyzes five historical fictions for children in the Batang Historyador (Young Historian) series which detail five periods in Philippine history. The books discuss the issues of child labor in precolonial Philippines, child labor and the right to education regardless of gender during the Spanish colonial period, child labor during the…

77 FR 10773 - Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines; Scheduling of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines; Scheduling of Expedited Five-Year... orders on stainless steel butt-weld pipe fittings from Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines would be... certificate of service. Determination.--The Commission has determined to exercise its authority to extend the...

Agrilus rubensteini, a new species from the Philippines related to the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A new species from the Philippines closely related to the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is described: Agrilus rubensteini Chamorro & Jendek, new species. This is the first species in the A. cyaneoniger species-group recorded for the Philippines. Agr...

Equity in Cross-Cultural Gifted Screening from a Philippine Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vista, Alvin

2015-01-01

This paper discusses issues on cross-cultural gifted screening from a Philippine perspective. Research on gifted education in the Philippines, and Southeast Asia in general, is still nascent. The main focus of this review of literature is on equity of the gifted education screening process across wide socioeconomic, cultural, and linguistic…

8 CFR 101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934. An alien who establishes that he entered... Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of petitioning for naturalization he shall not be regarded... of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between May 1, 1934, and July 3, 1946. An alien who...

38 CFR 38.620 - Persons eligible for burial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Commonwealth of the Philippines, while such forces were in the service of the Armed Forces of the United States... November 1, 2000; or (ii) New Philippine Scout—a person who enlisted between October 6, 1945, and June 30, 1947, with the Armed Forces of the United States with the consent of the Philippine government...

8 CFR 101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934. An alien who establishes that he entered... Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of petitioning for naturalization he shall not be regarded... of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between May 1, 1934, and July 3, 1946. An alien who...

38 CFR 38.620 - Persons eligible for burial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Commonwealth of the Philippines, while such forces were in the service of the Armed Forces of the United States... November 1, 2000; or (ii) New Philippine Scout—a person who enlisted between October 6, 1945, and June 30, 1947, with the Armed Forces of the United States with the consent of the Philippine government...

38 CFR 38.620 - Persons eligible for burial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Commonwealth of the Philippines, while such forces were in the service of the Armed Forces of the United States... November 1, 2000; or (ii) New Philippine Scout—a person who enlisted between October 6, 1945, and June 30, 1947, with the Armed Forces of the United States with the consent of the Philippine government...

8 CFR 101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934. An alien who establishes that he entered... Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of petitioning for naturalization he shall not be regarded... of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between May 1, 1934, and July 3, 1946. An alien who...

8 CFR 1101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... daughter entered the United States. (f) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934... the date of his entry a citizen of the Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of... residence unless he was a citizen of the Commonwealth of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between...

8 CFR 1101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... daughter entered the United States. (f) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934... the date of his entry a citizen of the Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of... residence unless he was a citizen of the Commonwealth of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between...

8 CFR 1101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... daughter entered the United States. (f) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934... the date of his entry a citizen of the Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of... residence unless he was a citizen of the Commonwealth of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between...

8 CFR 1101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... daughter entered the United States. (f) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934... the date of his entry a citizen of the Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of... residence unless he was a citizen of the Commonwealth of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between...

38 CFR 38.620 - Persons eligible for burial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Commonwealth of the Philippines, while such forces were in the service of the Armed Forces of the United States... November 1, 2000; or (ii) New Philippine Scout—a person who enlisted between October 6, 1945, and June 30, 1947, with the Armed Forces of the United States with the consent of the Philippine government...

8 CFR 101.1 - Presumption of lawful admission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) Citizens of the Philippine Islands—(1) Entry prior to May 1, 1934. An alien who establishes that he entered... Philippine Islands, provided that for the purpose of petitioning for naturalization he shall not be regarded... of the Philippines on July 2, 1946. (2) Entry between May 1, 1934, and July 3, 1946. An alien who...

38 CFR 14.617 - Disposition of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Foreign Countries § 14.617 Disposition of claims. (a) Disposition of claims arising in Philippines. All claims arising under 38 U.S.C. 515(b) in the Philippines, including a complete investigation report and a... other than the Philippines. When a claim is received in an American Embassy or Consulate, the Embassy or...

38 CFR 14.617 - Disposition of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Foreign Countries § 14.617 Disposition of claims. (a) Disposition of claims arising in Philippines. All claims arising under 38 U.S.C. 515(b) in the Philippines, including a complete investigation report and a... other than the Philippines. When a claim is received in an American Embassy or Consulate, the Embassy or...

Trichogramma spp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as biological control agents in the Philippines: history and current practice

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Trichogramma parasitoids have long been recognized as important and viable biological control agents against lepidopteran pests of rice, corn and sugarcane in the Philippines. We describe the history of research and use of Trichogramma spp. in the Philippines in three main areas: 1) field surveys – ...

38 CFR 14.617 - Disposition of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Foreign Countries § 14.617 Disposition of claims. (a) Disposition of claims arising in Philippines. All claims arising under 38 U.S.C. 515(b) in the Philippines, including a complete investigation report and a... other than the Philippines. When a claim is received in an American Embassy or Consulate, the Embassy or...

Molecular Characterization of Chikungunya Virus, Philippines, 2011–2013

PubMed Central

Sy, Ava Kristy; Saito-Obata, Mariko; Medado, Inez Andrea; Tohma, Kentaro; Dapat, Clyde; Segubre-Mercado, Edelwisa; Tandoc, Amado; Lupisan, Socorro

2016-01-01

During 2011–2013, a nationwide outbreak of chikungunya virus infection occurred in the Philippines. The Asian genotype was identified as the predominant genotype; sporadic cases of the East/Central/South African genotype were detected in Mindanao. Further monitoring is needed to define the transmission pattern of this virus in the Philippines. PMID:27088593

38 CFR 14.617 - Disposition of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Foreign Countries § 14.617 Disposition of claims. (a) Disposition of claims arising in Philippines. All claims arising under 38 U.S.C. 515(b) in the Philippines, including a complete investigation report and a... other than the Philippines. When a claim is received in an American Embassy or Consulate, the Embassy or...

38 CFR 38.620 - Persons eligible for burial.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Commonwealth of the Philippines, while such forces were in the service of the Armed Forces of the United States... November 1, 2000; or (ii) New Philippine Scout—a person who enlisted between October 6, 1945, and June 30, 1947, with the Armed Forces of the United States with the consent of the Philippine government...

38 CFR 14.617 - Disposition of claims.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Foreign Countries § 14.617 Disposition of claims. (a) Disposition of claims arising in Philippines. All claims arising under 38 U.S.C. 515(b) in the Philippines, including a complete investigation report and a... other than the Philippines. When a claim is received in an American Embassy or Consulate, the Embassy or...

Sustainable Landscapes Assessment for the Philippines

Treesearch

Oliver Agoncillo; Jennifer Conje; Susan Cordell; James Halperin; Roopa Karia; Beth Lebow

2011-01-01

As part of their development of a new Country Development Strategy, and with potential for incoming Sustainable Landscapes funding, USAID/Philippines commissioned the U.S. Forest Service to work with them on an assessment of efforts aimed at Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) in the Philippines, including the role of conservation,...

Higher Education and the Labour Market in Asia.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanyal, Bikas C.

This 1971-76 study of the employment markets in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka reveals that, except in the Philippines, unemployment is increasing at a very fast rate relative to the level of education per person. In the Philippines and in India, enrollment ratios for higher education have been substantially higher…

Drama-in-Schools in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pañares, Alice A.; Cabangon, Maria Gloriosa S.

2016-01-01

Drama in the Philippines has been an integral part of the lives of Filipinos. Drama-in-schools came about with the establishment of the formal school system during the Spanish and American period of colonisation of the Philippines. With the establishment of the public schools system, the American teachers introduced drama in the schools, as part…

Care of the Postcolonial Self: Cultivating Nationalisms in "The Philippine Readers"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coloma, Roland Sintos

2013-01-01

The article examines the cultivation of revolutionary nationalisms and the construction of postcolonial subjectivities under a foreign regime. The analysis centers on "The Philippine Readers," one of the longest published and most widely adopted reading series for elementary students in grades 1 to 7 in the Philippines from the 1920s to…

Mamanwa Texts. Studies in Philippine Linguistics. Supplementary Series: Philippine Texts, No. 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Helen, Comp.; Miller, Jeanne, Comp.

A group of 28 texts in Mamanwa, an Austronesian language of the Visayan family of the Southern Philippines, is presented. They were told by native speakers and transcribed in Mamanwa and English. Three types of discourse are represented: narrative (both traditional and factual); procedural/explanatory; and hortatory. The main cultural themes…

Regulated compensation for kidney donors in the Philippines.

PubMed

Padilla, Benita S

2009-04-01

The purpose of this review is to discuss the recent events and experiences in the Philippines related to compensated kidney donation. Between 2002 and 2008, the Philippine government, through the Department of Health, administered a program called the Philippine Organ Donation Program that allowed prospective kidney providers to sign up, be allocated to prospective recipients and receive gratuities for their kidney. Transplant tourism flourished during this period because of rampant disregard for the regulation limiting foreign recipients to 10% of total kidney transplants. There is evidence of inadequate donor care. Efforts to curb the problem included a ban on foreigners coming to the Philippines to have kidney transplants with Filipinos as donors as well as strengthening of the implementing rules and regulations of both the antihuman trafficking law and the organ donation law that allowed donation after brain death. The experience in the Philippines mirrored those in India and Pakistan where paid donors reported poor outcomes. An effective national kidney disease prevention program and the deceased donor program for transplantation should be aggressively promoted. Legislation against transplant commercialism is needed.

Pre-Cenozoic basement rocks of the Proto-Philippine Sea Plate: Constraints for the birthplace of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tani, K.; Ishizuka, O.; Horie, K.; Barth, A. P.; Harigane, Y.; Ueda, H.

2016-12-01

The Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc is widely regarded to be a typical intra-oceanic arc, with the oceanic Pacific Plate subducting beneath the Philippine Sea Plate, an evolving complex of active and inactive arcs and back-arc basins. However, little is known about the origin of the proto-Philippine Sea Plate, which existed along with the Pacific Plate at the time of subduction initiation in the Eocene. To investigate the crustal structures of the proto-Philippine Sea Plate, we conducted manned-submersible and dredge surveys in the Daito Ridges and the Kyushu-Palau Ridge. The Daito Ridges comprise the northwestern Philippine Sea Plate along with what are regarded as remnants of the proto-Philippine Sea Plate. Submersible observations and rock sampling revealed that the Daito Ridges expose deep crustal sections of gabbroic, granitic, metamorphic, and ultra-mafic rocks, along with volcanic rocks ranging from basalt to andesite. Mesozoic magmatic zircon U-Pb ages have been obtained from the plutonic rocks, and whole-rock geochemistry of the igneous rocks indicates arc origins. Furthermore, mafic schist collected from the Daito Ridge has experienced amphibolite facies metamorphism, with phase assemblages suggesting that the crust was thicker than 20 km at the time. Similar amphibolite-facies metamorphic rocks with Proterozoic zircons have been recovered in the southern Kyushu-Palau Ridge, indicating that such distinctively older basement rocks exist as isolated tectonic blocks within the present Philippine Sea Plate. These finds show that the parts of the Daito Ridges and Kyushu-Palau Ridge represent developed crustal sections of the Pre-Cenozoic arc that comprises part of the proto-Philippine Sea Plate, and, together with the tectonic reconstruction of the proto-Philippine Sea Plate (Deschamps and Lallemand 2002, JGR), they suggest that subduction of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc initiated at the continental margin of the Southeast Asia.

Slab interactions in 3-D subduction settings: The Philippine Sea Plate region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holt, Adam F.; Royden, Leigh H.; Becker, Thorsten W.; Faccenna, Claudio

2018-05-01

The importance of slab-slab interactions is manifested in the kinematics and geometry of the Philippine Sea Plate and western Pacific subduction zones, and such interactions offer a dynamic basis for the first-order observations in this complex subduction setting. The westward subduction of the Pacific Sea Plate changes, along-strike, from single slab subduction beneath Japan, to a double-subduction setting where Pacific subduction beneath the Philippine Sea Plate occurs in tandem with westward subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath Eurasia. Our 3-D numerical models show that there are fundamental differences between single slab systems and double slab systems where both subduction systems have the same vergence. We find that the observed kinematics and slab geometry of the Pacific-Philippine subduction can be understood by considering an along-strike transition from single to double subduction, and is largely independent from the detailed geometry of the Philippine Sea Plate. Important first order features include the relatively shallow slab dip, retreating/stationary trenches, and rapid subduction for single slab systems (Pacific Plate subducting under Japan), and front slabs within a double slab system (Philippine Sea Plate subducting at Ryukyu). In contrast, steep to overturned slab dips, advancing trench motion, and slower subduction occurs for rear slabs in a double slab setting (Pacific subducting at the Izu-Bonin-Mariana). This happens because of a relative build-up of pressure in the asthenosphere beneath the Philippine Sea Plate, where the asthenosphere is constrained between the converging Ryukyu and Izu-Bonin-Mariana slabs. When weak back-arc regions are included, slab-slab convergence rates slow and the middle (Philippine) plate extends, which leads to reduced pressure build up and reduced slab-slab coupling. Models without back-arcs, or with back-arc viscosities that are reduced by a factor of five, produce kinematics compatible with present-day observations.

Guidelines and policies on collection of biological specimens in the Philippines. Philippine Congress, International Convention on Biodiversity.

PubMed

Madulid, D A

1996-04-01

In October, 1993, 16 months after the United Nations approved the International Convention on Biodiversity held in Rio de Janeiro, June, 1992, the Philippine Congress ratified and adopted the Convention. This is a manifestation of the full support of the Philippines for the principles and policies adopted by the UN body on the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable development of biological resources and equitable sharing of benefits between users and owners of biodiversity resources. The Philippine scientific community has long recognized the need for and importance of a national guideline and policy with regard to the collection of plants and animals in the Philippines for scientific or commercial purposes. A series of consultative meetings were held by representatives of government agencies, non-government organizations, private organizations, academic and private persons concerned with biodiversity conservation to formulate national guidelines that regulate the collection of plant and animal specimens in the country. Guidelines were unanimously adopted by various government agencies and academia and a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) was signed on September 28, 1990. Very recently a new document was drafted, specifically to serve as a guideline for those who desire to undertake sample collecting in the Philippines for biodiversity prospecting. The document is now being reviewed by government departments and agencies and will be presented to the President of the Philippines for signing as an Executive Order (EO). Once signed, this EO will serve as a national policy for bioprospecting in the country. The Philippines is one of the countries in Southeast Asia that has endorsed the adoption of regional guidelines on the collection of plant and animal organisms for drug development. The ASEAN Agreement on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (1985). The Manila Declaration (1992) and lately, the Melaka Accord (1994), all of which were signed by various countries in Asia, are manifestations of this interest.

Historical review and insights on the livestock tick-borne disease research of a developing country: The Philippine scenario.

PubMed

Ybañez, Adrian P; Mingala, Claro N; Ybañez, Rochelle Haidee D

2018-04-01

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) remain to be a global animal health threat. Developing countries like the Philippines is not exempt to this. Despite the potential impact TBDs can give to these countries, local government initiatives and researches remain to be limited. In the Philippines, most epidemiological studies were confined only to specific areas, and predominantly in the Northern Area. Due to its unique geography and limited studies, the current nationwide status of most TBDs could not be clearly established. This review mainly covered published studies and presented challenges in the conduct of TBD research in the Philippines, which may be similar to other Southeast Asian or developing countries. To date, reported livestock TBD pathogens in the Philippines include Anaplasma, Babesia, Theileria, and Mycoplasma spp. With the ubiquitous presence of the Rhipicephalus microplus ticks in the country, it is highly probable that other pathogens transmitted by these vectors could be present. Despite studies on different TBDs in the livestock sector, the Philippine government has not yet heightened its efforts to implement tick control measures as part of the routine animal health program for local farmers. Further studies might be needed to determine the nationwide prevalence of TBDs and the presence of other possible tick species and TBD pathogens. The Philippine scenario may present situations that are similar to other developing countries. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Review of Doctoral Research in English Language Education in the Philippines, Singapore and Malaysia (2007-2010)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rubdy, Rani; Tupas, T. Ruanni F.; Villareal, Corazon D.; David, Maya Khemlani; Dumanig, Francisco Perlas

2012-01-01

This review highlights recent doctoral research in English language education and related areas completed between 2007 and 2010 in three countries in Southeast Asia: Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines. Out of sixty dissertations initially chosen from major universities in these countries, five from the Philippines, four from Malaysia and…

Continental Shelf Embayments of the Eastern Margin of the Philippines: Lamon Bay Stratification & Circulation

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-30

activity. RESULTS The cruise plan and mooring sites [still tentative] are shown in Figure 2. We will pick up the Philippine research team in Tabaco ...June 2011. The Philippine researchers will be embark and disembark the R/V Revelle during a brief personnel exchange stop in Tabaco City. 4 The

Changing and Changed Stance toward Norm Selection in Philippine Universities: Its Pedagogical Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernardo, Alejandro S.

2014-01-01

This paper reports the results of a survey which involved College English teachers from three leading universities in the Philippines. The results point to one conclusion--College English teachers now have a changing and changed stance toward norm selection in Philippine Universities. The results give the impression that a good number of College…

News Reporting in the Philippines: English in Print Media

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dayag, Danilo T.

2010-01-01

This study aims to determine how a hostage drama in Iraq involving an overseas Filipino worker was framed in English-language newspapers in the Philippines. Data came from the July 9-25, 2004 issues of five leading English-language broadsheets in the Philippines. The study found that the event was given maximum salience and prominence by the…

Rare Social Marketing for Sustainable Fishing in Cortes, Surigao Del Sur, Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Day, Brian A.; DeWan, Amielle; Cadiz, Fel Ceasar; Jakosalem-Balane, Joy; Dueñas, Vincent; Trinidad, Pedro M., Jr.

2014-01-01

Rare's approach to promoting sustainable fishing through social marketing in the Philippines is exemplified in the Cortes Pride campaign. The Cortes Pride campaign is a social marketing behavior change program that was part of a cohort of 12 similar sustainable fishing campaigns in the Philippines, all of which used a unique blend of social…

Financing Secondary Education in the Philippines. Financing of Educational Systems: Specific Case Studies - 11. IIEP Research Report: 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cruz, Leopoldo; Calado, Rene R.

This report describes the Philippine secondary educational system, with particular emphasis on the system of financing different types of secondary schools. Part 1 presents an introductory overview of the Philippine educational system, emphasizing the secondary school system in particular. Part 2 describes the methods of financing different types…

Patterns of Internet Usage in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Labucay, Iremae D.

2014-01-01

This chapter reports on the patterns of Internet use in the Philippines using survey data gathered by Social Weather Stations (SWS), a social research institute in the Philippines. As of March 2014, Internet usage rose to 35 percent of the population compared to 9 percent in 1998. However, the data indicates the presence of digital divide in…

Statistics Education Research in Malaysia and the Philippines: A Comparative Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reston, Enriqueta; Krishnan, Saras; Idris, Noraini

2014-01-01

This paper presents a comparative analysis of statistics education research in Malaysia and the Philippines by modes of dissemination, research areas, and trends. An electronic search for published research papers in the area of statistics education from 2000-2012 yielded 20 for Malaysia and 19 for the Philippines. Analysis of these papers showed…

Hybrid Vibrio cholerae El Tor Lacking SXT Identified as the Cause of a Cholera Outbreak in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Klinzing, David C.; Choi, Seon Young; Hasan, Nur A.; Matias, Ronald R.; Tayag, Enrique; Geronimo, Josefina; Skowronski, Evan; Rashed, Shah M.; Kawashima, Kent; Rosenzweig, C. Nicole; Gibbons, Henry S.; Torres, Brian C.; Liles, Veni; Alfon, Alicia C.; Juan, Maria Luisa; Natividad, Filipinas F.; Cebula, Thomas A.

2015-01-01

ABSTRACT Cholera continues to be a global threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2011, a cholera outbreak occurred in Palawan, Philippines, affecting more than 500 people, and 20 individuals died. Vibrio cholerae O1 was confirmed as the etiological agent. Source attribution is critical in cholera outbreaks for proper management of the disease, as well as to control spread. In this study, three V. cholerae O1 isolates from a Philippines cholera outbreak were sequenced and their genomes analyzed to determine phylogenetic relatedness to V. cholerae O1 isolates from recent outbreaks of cholera elsewhere. The Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates were determined to be V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor belonging to the seventh-pandemic clade. They clustered tightly, forming a monophyletic clade closely related to V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor from Asia and Africa. The isolates possess a unique multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) genotype (12-7-9-18-25 and 12-7-10-14-21) and lack SXT. In addition, they possess a novel 15-kb genomic island (GI-119) containing a predicted type I restriction-modification system. The CTXΦ-RS1 array of the Philippines isolates was similar to that of V. cholerae O1 MG116926, a hybrid El Tor strain isolated in Bangladesh in 1991. Overall, the data indicate that the Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates are unique, differing from recent V. cholerae O1 isolates from Asia, Africa, and Haiti. Furthermore, the results of this study support the hypothesis that the Philippines isolates of V. cholerae O1 are indigenous and exist locally in the aquatic ecosystem of the Philippines. PMID:25900650

Genetic variability among Schistosoma japonicum isolates from the Philippines, Japan and China revealed by sequence analysis of three mitochondrial genes.

PubMed

Chen, Fen; Li, Juan; Sugiyama, Hiromu; Zhou, Dong-Hui; Song, Hui-Qun; Zhao, Guang-Hui; Zhu, Xing-Quan

2015-02-01

The present study examined sequence variability in the mitochondrial (mt) protein-coding genes cytochrome b (cytb), NADH dehydrogenase subunits 2 and 6 (nad2 and nad6) among 24 isolates of Schistosoma japonicum from different endemic regions in the Philippines, Japan and China. The complete cytb, nad2 and nad6 genes were amplified and sequenced separately from individual schistosome. Sequence variations for isolates from the Philippines were 0-0.5% for cytb, 0-0.6% for nad2, and 0-0.9% for nad6. Variation was 0-0.5%, 0.1-0.8%, 0-0.7% for corresponding genes for schistosome samples from mainland China. For worms in Japan, genetic variations were 0-0.2%, 0.1-0.2% and 0 for the three genes, respectively. Sequence variations were 0-1.0%, 0-1.8% and 0-1.1% for cytb, nad2 and nad6, respectively, among schistosome isolates from different geographical strains in the Philippines, Japan and China. Of the three countries, lowest sequence variations were found between isolates from mainland China and the Philippines and highest were detected between Japan and the Philippines in three mtDNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses based on the combined sequences of cytb, nad2 and nad6 revealed that all isolates in the Philippines clustered together sistered to samples from Yunnan and Zhejiang provinces in China, while isolates from Yamanashi in Japan were in a solitary clade. These results demonstrated the usefulness of the combined three mtDNA sequences for studying genetic diversity and population structure among S. japonicum isolates from the Philippines, China and Japan.

Impact of Typhoon Haiyan on a Philippine Tarsier Population.

PubMed

Gursky, Sharon; Salibay, Cristina; Grow, Nanda; Fields, Lori

2017-01-01

Over the last 2 decades the Philippine tarsier (Carlito syrichta aka Tarsius syrichta) has had its conservation status revised from Endangered to Data Deficient to Near Threatened. The last status change was based on a study of the species' population density, which suggested that a single natural catastrophe could potentially wipe out the Philippine tarsier. In 2013 typhoon Haiyan hit Bohol, one of the island strongholds for this species. In this study we compare the density of the Bohol tarsier population within the Philippine Tarsier and Wildlife Sanctuary before and after the typhoon. We demonstrate that the typhoon significantly affected the density of the Philippine tarsier in the sanctuary. Before the typhoon, tarsier density was approximately 157 individuals/km2 whereas after the typhoon the density was a mere 36 individuals/km2. Prior to the typhoon, more Philippine tarsiers were found in older secondary forest than in younger secondary forest, whereas after the typhoon all observed individuals were found in relatively younger secondary forest. Vegetation plots where we observed Philippine tarsiers prior to the typhoon contained a mean of 33 trees/m2, with a mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of 24 cm, and a mean height of 4 m. After the typhoon vegetation plots contained an average of 156 trees, had a mean DBH of 6 cm, and a mean height of 2 m. Based on the IUCN Red List criteria, the reduction and fluctuation in the density of this species suggests that the conservation status of the Philippine tarsier should be changed to Vulnerable. This study indicates natural disasters can have a significant effect on the extinction risk of primates, with implications for future effects of anthropogenic climate change. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

The Potent Lever of Toil: Nursing Development and Exportation in the Postcolonial Philippines

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Although the colonial relationship between the Philippines and the United States precipitated nurse education and migration patterns that exist today, little is known about the factors that sustained them. During the first half of the twentieth century, for example, the Philippines trained its nurse workforce primarily for domestic use. After the country's independence in 1946, however, that practice reversed. Nurse education in the Philippines was driven largely by US market demand in tandem with local messages linking work and nationalism and explicit policies to send nurses abroad. As these ideologies and practices became firmly entrenched, nurse production not only exceeded the country's numerical requirements but focused largely on preparing practitioners for the health care needs of developed nations rather than the public health needs of the indigenous population. This historical trend has important present-day ramifications for the Philippines, whose continued exodus of nurses threatens its public health. PMID:20634458

Hefty tests buoy Philippine oil sector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-04-13

This paper reports that Alcorn International Inc., Houston, has disclosed a test of another hefty oil flow off Philippines. Alcorn last month completed its third high flowing delineation well in the West Linapacan area off Palawan Island. Development of West Linapacan field will help boost lagging Philippines oil production, which fell 31% in 1991 from 1990 levels. Philippines Office of Energy Affairs (OEA) also outlined other aspects of the country's oil and gas activity in 1991. Recent drilling successes have redirected the country's focus north to the West Linapacan area from older Northwest Palawan oil fields. Meantime, two geophysical surveymore » and exploration contracts (GSECs) were awarded in 1991, and two service contracts (SCs) were relinquished during the year. Several seismic program were completed last year, and in agreement between Australia and Philippines will yield added seismic data during the next 3 years.« less

The dynamics of migration-related stress and coping of female domestic workers from the Philippines: an exploratory study.

PubMed

van der Ham, Alida Joanna; Ujano-Batangan, Maria Theresa; Ignacio, Raquel; Wolffers, Ivan

2015-01-01

Female domestic workers face many migration-related stressors that affect their mental health, but we know little about the dynamics of stress and coping in different migration phases. This exploratory study aims to assess stress and coping of female migrant domestic workers from the Philippines in different phases of the migration process; prior to migration, in the country of destination and upon return to the Philippines. Data were collected in 2010 using questionnaires (N = 500). Validation of findings took place in a work shop (23 participants) and two focus groups (13 and 8 participants). Stress levels of women were significantly higher abroad than in the Philippines. Stress and coping in the Philippines was primarily related to financial issues, while stress and coping abroad related more strongly loneliness, working conditions and employers. Findings from this study provide insight in the phase-specific and transnational dimensions of stress and coping.

Addressing the tobacco epidemic in the Philippines: progress since ratification of the WHO FCTC

PubMed Central

Antonio, M.; Limpin, M.; Alzona, L.; Trinidad, F.; Dorotheo, U.; Yapchiongco, R.; Garcia, R.; Anden, A.; Alday, J.

2013-01-01

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death, and is estimated to kill more than 5 million persons each year worldwide. Tobacco use and exposure to second-hand smoke pose a major public health problem in the Philippines. Effective tobacco control policies are enshrined in the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), a legally binding international treaty that was ratified by the Philippines in 2005. Since 2007, Bloomberg Philanthropies has supported the accelerated reduction of tobacco use in many countries, including the Philippines. Progress in the Philippines is discussed with particular emphasis on the period since ratification of the WHO FCTC, and with particular focus on the grants programme funded by the Bloomberg Initiative. Despite considerable progress, significant challenges are identified that must be addressed in future if the social, health and economic burden from the tobacco epidemic is to be alleviated. PMID:26393010

Tension in the South China Sea: Why the Philippines is Challenging China’s Improved Military Might

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

16 Figure 2. PRC Structures on Subi Reef in the Spratlys...China Sea (SCS) and occupation of territories claimed by the Philippines. Following the 1995 incident at Mischief Reef , Philippine foreign policy...escalate disputes and effect peace and stability including, among others, refraining from action of inhabiting on the presently uninhabited islands, reefs

The Philippine Experience in Curriculum Development for Population Education: The State of the Art. Population Education Research Utilization. Monograph Series 1, Part 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arellano-Reyes, Ma. Felicitas; Villanueva, Carmelita L.

This booklet reviews the development and implementation of population education programs in the Philippines. Section one describes the Population Education Program (PEP), a national program sponsored by the Philippine Department of Education and UNESCO. PEP's goals are to develop curriculum, train teachers, and encourage research for population…

From Scratch to Notch: Understanding Private Tutoring Metamorphosis in the Philippines from the Perspectives of Cram School and Formal School Administrators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Castro, Belinda V.; de Guzman, Allan B.

2014-01-01

Although there is considerable anecdotal evidence that the scale of private tutoring is substantial in the Philippines, attempts to document its existence is limited. Using phenomenological inquiry, this study aimed to provide a more eidetic portrait of private tutoring transformation in the Philippines from the perspectives and collective…

From Bonding Wires to Banding Women. Proceedings of the International Consultation on Micro-Chips Technology (Manila, Philippines, October 1986).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for Women's Resources, Quezon City (Philippines).

In October 1986, 40 women from 12 countries gathered in the Philippines for a 10-day meeting of organizers, educators, and workers affected by and confronting the international electronics industry in microchip plants and in automated offices. Participants were from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Japan, the Netherlands,…

Higher Education in the Philippines. Bulletin, 1961, No. 29. OE-14065. [Foreword - Chapter V

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carson, Arthur L.

1961-01-01

Because of close relations between the Philippines and the United States in the earlier years of this century, developments in the Philippines since that country achieved its independence in 1946 are of particular interest to Americans. An important aspect of the island nation's efforts in its first 15 years of complete self-government is the…

Higher Education in the Philippines. Bulletin, 1961, No. 29. OE-14065. [Chapter VI - Appendices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carson, Arthur L.

1961-01-01

Because of close relations between the Philippines and the United States in the earlier years of this century, developments in the Philippines since that country achieved its independence in 1946 are of particular interest to Americans. An important aspect of the island nation's efforts in its first 15 years of complete self-government is the…

75 FR 6858 - Certifications and Exemptions Under the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-12

... USS PHILIPPINE SEA (CG 58) is a vessel of the Navy which, due to its special construction and purpose... PHILIPPINE SEA (CG 58) is a vessel of the Navy which, due to its special construction and purpose, cannot... Table Five by revising the entry for USS PHILIPPINE SEA (CG 58), to read as follows: Sec. 706.2...

Threats to the Sustainability of the Outsourced Call Center Industry in the Philippines: Implications for Language Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Friginal, Eric

2009-01-01

This study overviews current threats to the sustainability of the outsourced call center industry in the Philippines and discusses implications for macro and micro language policies given the use of English in this cross-cultural interactional context. This study also summarizes the present state of outsourced call centers in the Philippines, and…

8 CFR 329.5 - Natives of the Philippines with active duty service during World War II.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Natives of the Philippines with active duty service during World War II. 329.5 Section 329.5 Aliens and Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY... Natives of the Philippines with active duty service during World War II. (a) A person desiring to...

Unexpected Learning Competencies of Grades 5 and 6 Pupils in Public Elementary Schools: A Philippine Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Felipe, Abraham I.

2006-01-01

The present study tested the assumption of a positive and linear relation between years of schooling and school learning in the Philippine setting. It replicated a 1976 study that had cast doubt on this assumption in the Philippine public educational system. It tested three competing hypotheses for that finding: common sense, the 1976 arrested…

Regulatory and Skills Requirements for Higher Education in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adeyemo, Kolawole Samuel

2015-01-01

The provision of public resources to manage the expansion of the higher education system in the Philippines has been inadequate, and this has given rise to many private providers entering the HE domain. The proper regulation of higher education in the country is important if the Philippines is to respond to the challenge of producing the skills it…

Appraising forensic anthropology in the Philippines: Current status and future directions.

PubMed

Go, Matthew C

2018-07-01

The increasing significance of forensic anthropology in the 21st century, yet unequitable worldwide distribution of expertise, necessitates a stocktaking of the discipline on a local scale. The purpose of this work is to appraise the current state of forensic anthropology in the Philippines and provide the rationale for its further development within the country. Recent efforts in research, education, and legislation that seek to boost Philippine forensic anthropology specifically and forensic sciences generally are highlighted. Furthermore, this work hopes to serve as a springboard for future students, scholars, and practitioners seeking to advance the field in the Philippines. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The Philippine tobacco industry: "the strongest tobacco lobby in Asia".

PubMed

Alechnowicz, K; Chapman, S

2004-12-01

To highlight revelations from internal tobacco industry documents about the conduct of the industry in the Philippines since the 1960s. Areas explored include political corruption, health, employment of consultants, resisting pack labelling, and marketing and advertising. Systematic keyword Minnesota depository website searches of tobacco industry internal documents made available through the Master Settlement Agreement. The Philippines has long suffered a reputation for political corruption where collusion between state and business was based on the exchange of political donations for favourable economic policies. The tobacco industry was able to limit the effectiveness of proposed anti-tobacco legislation. A prominent scientist publicly repudiated links between active and passive smoking and disease. The placement of health warning labels was negotiated to benefit the industry, and the commercial environment allowed it to capitalise on their marketing freedoms to the fullest potential. Women, children, youth, and the poor have been targeted. The politically laissez faire Philippines presented tobacco companies with an environment ripe for exploitation. The Philippines has seen some of the world's most extreme and controversial forms of tobacco promotion flourish. Against international standards of progress, the Philippines is among the world's slowest nations to take tobacco control seriously.

Origin of the Indian Ocean-type isotopic signature in basalts from Philippine Sea plate spreading centers: An assessment of local versus large-scale processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hickey-Vargas, Rosemary

1998-09-01

Basalts erupted from spreading centers on the Philippine Sea plate between 50 Ma and the present have the distinctive isotopic characteristics of Indian Ocean mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), such as high 208Pb/204Pb and low 143Nd/144Nd for a given 206Pb/204Pb compared with Pacific and Atlantic Ocean MORB. This feature may indicate that the upper mantle of the Philippine Sea plate originated as part of the existing Indian Ocean upper mantle domain, or, alternatively, that local processes duplicated these isotopic characteristics within the sub-Philippine Sea plate upper mantle. Synthesis of new and published isotopic data for Philippine Sea plate basin basalts and island arc volcanic rocks, radiometric ages, and tectonic reconstructions of the plate indicates that local processes, such as contamination of the upper mantle by subducted materials or by western Pacific mantle plumes, did not produce the Indian Ocean-type signature in Philippine Sea plate MORB. It is more likely that the plate originated over a rapidly growing Indian Ocean upper mantle domain that had spread into the area between Australia/New Guinea and southeast Asia before 50 Ma.

The Philippine tobacco industry: "the strongest tobacco lobby in Asia"

PubMed Central

Alechnowicz, K; Chapman, S

2004-01-01

Objective: To highlight revelations from internal tobacco industry documents about the conduct of the industry in the Philippines since the 1960s. Areas explored include political corruption, health, employment of consultants, resisting pack labelling, and marketing and advertising. Methods: Systematic keyword Minnesota depository website searches of tobacco industry internal documents made available through the Master Settlement Agreement. Results: The Philippines has long suffered a reputation for political corruption where collusion between state and business was based on the exchange of political donations for favourable economic policies. The tobacco industry was able to limit the effectiveness of proposed anti-tobacco legislation. A prominent scientist publicly repudiated links between active and passive smoking and disease. The placement of health warning labels was negotiated to benefit the industry, and the commercial environment allowed it to capitalise on their marketing freedoms to the fullest potential. Women, children, youth, and the poor have been targeted. Conclusion: The politically laissez faire Philippines presented tobacco companies with an environment ripe for exploitation. The Philippines has seen some of the world's most extreme and controversial forms of tobacco promotion flourish. Against international standards of progress, the Philippines is among the world's slowest nations to take tobacco control seriously. PMID:15564224

Hybrid Vibrio cholerae El Tor lacking SXT identified as the cause of a cholera outbreak in the Philippines.

PubMed

Klinzing, David C; Choi, Seon Young; Hasan, Nur A; Matias, Ronald R; Tayag, Enrique; Geronimo, Josefina; Skowronski, Evan; Rashed, Shah M; Kawashima, Kent; Rosenzweig, C Nicole; Gibbons, Henry S; Torres, Brian C; Liles, Veni; Alfon, Alicia C; Juan, Maria Luisa; Natividad, Filipinas F; Cebula, Thomas A; Colwell, Rita R

2015-04-21

Cholera continues to be a global threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2011, a cholera outbreak occurred in Palawan, Philippines, affecting more than 500 people, and 20 individuals died. Vibrio cholerae O1 was confirmed as the etiological agent. Source attribution is critical in cholera outbreaks for proper management of the disease, as well as to control spread. In this study, three V. cholerae O1 isolates from a Philippines cholera outbreak were sequenced and their genomes analyzed to determine phylogenetic relatedness to V. cholerae O1 isolates from recent outbreaks of cholera elsewhere. The Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates were determined to be V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor belonging to the seventh-pandemic clade. They clustered tightly, forming a monophyletic clade closely related to V. cholerae O1 hybrid El Tor from Asia and Africa. The isolates possess a unique multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) genotype (12-7-9-18-25 and 12-7-10-14-21) and lack SXT. In addition, they possess a novel 15-kb genomic island (GI-119) containing a predicted type I restriction-modification system. The CTXΦ-RS1 array of the Philippines isolates was similar to that of V. cholerae O1 MG116926, a hybrid El Tor strain isolated in Bangladesh in 1991. Overall, the data indicate that the Philippines V. cholerae O1 isolates are unique, differing from recent V. cholerae O1 isolates from Asia, Africa, and Haiti. Furthermore, the results of this study support the hypothesis that the Philippines isolates of V. cholerae O1 are indigenous and exist locally in the aquatic ecosystem of the Philippines. Genetic characterization and phylogenomics analysis of outbreak strains have proven to be critical for probing clonal relatedness to strains isolated in different geographical regions and over time. Recently, extensive genetic analyses of V. cholerae O1 strains isolated in different countries have been done. However, genome sequences of V. cholerae O1 isolates from the Philippines have not been available for epidemiological investigation. In this study, molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of Vibrio cholerae isolated from both clinical and environmental samples in 2011 confirmed unique genetic features of the Philippines isolates, which are helpful to understand the global epidemiology of cholera. Copyright © 2015 Klinzing et al.

Conservation Genetics of the Philippine Tarsier: Cryptic Genetic Variation Restructures Conservation Priorities for an Island Archipelago Primate

PubMed Central

Brown, Rafe M.; Weghorst, Jennifer A.; Olson, Karen V.; Duya, Mariano R. M.; Barley, Anthony J.; Duya, Melizar V.; Shekelle, Myron; Neri-Arboleda, Irene; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.; Ong, Perry S.; Moritz, Gillian L.; Luczon, Adrian; Diesmos, Mae Lowe L.; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Siler, Cameron D.

2014-01-01

Establishment of conservation priorities for primates is a particular concern in the island archipelagos of Southeast Asia, where rates of habitat destruction are among the highest in the world. Conservation programs require knowledge of taxonomic diversity to ensure success. The Philippine tarsier is a flagship species that promotes environmental awareness and a thriving ecotourism economy in the Philippines. However, assessment of its conservation status has been impeded by taxonomic uncertainty, a paucity of field studies, and a lack of vouchered specimens and genetic samples available for study in biodiversity repositories. Consequently, conservation priorities are unclear. In this study we use mitochondrial and nuclear DNA to empirically infer geographic partitioning of genetic variation and to identify evolutionarily distinct lineages for conservation action. The distribution of Philippine tarsier genetic diversity is neither congruent with expectations based on biogeographical patterns documented in other Philippine vertebrates, nor does it agree with the most recent Philippine tarsier taxonomic arrangement. We identify three principal evolutionary lineages that do not correspond to the currently recognized subspecies, highlight the discovery of a novel cryptic and range-restricted subcenter of genetic variation in an unanticipated part of the archipelago, and identify additional geographically structured genetic variation that should be the focus of future studies and conservation action. Conservation of this flagship species necessitates establishment of protected areas and targeted conservation programs within the range of each genetically distinct variant of the Philippine tarsier. PMID:25136854

The Philippines, the East Asian "Developmental States" and Education: A Comparative Analysis of Why the Philippines Failed to Develop

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maca, Mark; Morris, Paul

2012-01-01

After WWII, the economic prospects of the Philippines, then the second-largest economy in Asia, were viewed positively, but by the mid-1970s it had become Asia's developmental puzzle for its failure to sustain economic growth. In contrast during the same period, regional neighbours, Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore, achieved previously…

Southeast Asia Report

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-17

Unit Training Routine Described (S. Saengsuli; KONGTHAP PASASON LAO, 13 Nov 86) 33 Briefs Successful Antiresistance Campaigns 34 PHILIPPINES ...Excerpt] [Vientiane KONGTHAP PASASON LAO in Lao 13 Nov 86 p 3] 11943 CSO: 4206/57 34 PHILIPPINES WEEKLY OFFERS INDONESIAN EXAMPLE OF UNITY...central focus and a centri- petal force. Ideologies do not always and automatically have to dJvideT /9317 CSO: 4200/354 36 PHILIPPINES WEEKLY URGES

Gender Equality in Southeast Asia: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

thesis is a comparative study of how three important factors—social, political, and economic inclusion—affect gender equality and inequality in the...agenda, economic , political, social inclusion, Indonesia, Philippines 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 107 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF...important factors—social, political, and economic inclusion—affect gender equality and inequality in the Philippines and in Indonesia. The

"De-Hegemonizing" the "Hegemonized": An Exploratory Study on the Dominion of American English in the Oldest University in Asia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernardo, Alejandro S.

2011-01-01

Because it has been established that there is a local variety of English that has blossomed in the Philippines, there are crucial debates specifically on what pedagogical standard must be used in teaching English in Philippine schools. In spite of the growing number of researches on Philippine English (PE) and the publication of its own…

Two new species of Eneopterinae crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from Luzon, Philippines.

PubMed

Baroga, Jessica B; Yap, Sheryl A; Robillard, Tony

2016-07-19

Luzon Island is considered as the largest island in the Philippines and is characterized by a considerable biodiversity encompassing many endemic plant and animal species. In this paper, two new species of Eneopterinae crickets: (1) Lebinthus polillensis n. sp., and (2) Paranisitra septentria n. sp. are described and an updated key to the Philippines species of the subfamily Eneopterinae is provided.

Deployed Analyst History Report, Volume 2. Analytic Support to Combat Operations in the Philippines (2011-2014)

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Analysis Center (TRAC) to the Philippines for Operation ENDURING FREEDOM – Philippines (OEF-P). PROJECT...management, doctrine and force development, training management, system testing, system acquisition, decision analysis, and resource management, as...influenced procurement decisions and reshaped Army doctrine . Additionally, CAA itself has benefited in numerous ways. Combat experience provides analysts

The Role of Non-Formal Education in Combating the HIV Epidemic in the Philippines and Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morisky, Donald E.; Lyu, Shu-Yu; Urada, Lianne A.

2009-01-01

The Philippines is experiencing a low but slowly growing prevalence of HIV, with a UN estimate of 6,000-11,000 cases out of a population of 91 million, and a 150% increase in new cases in 2008 compared to previous years. Earlier education programmes employed non-formal educational training techniques in the southern Philippines to target high-risk…

ASEAN’s (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Neighborhood,

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-01-01

together to form Malaysia . In the Philippines. President Diosdado Macapagal claimed that one of Malaysia’s new states, Sabah, formerly British North Borneo...was by tradition and treaty actually Philippine territory; and from Indonesia, Sukarno attacked Malaysia as a neo-imperialist concoction and launched...Foreign Minister, Adam Malik, joined senior officials from Thailand, Malaysia , the Philippines and Singapore (which had separated from Malaysia in 1965

Restructuring of labor markets in the Philippines and Zambia: the gender dimension.

PubMed

Floro, M S; Schaefer, K

1998-01-01

This paper critically examines labor market changes accompanying the process of structural adjustment in the Philippines and Zambia and, in particular, the resulting impact on women's economic participation. The changes in the labor market occurring during the process of economic restructuring in Zambia and the Philippines are similar in some respects but very different in others. Zambia's economic performance has not been sufficient to generate wide-based employment and has been characterized by rising unemployment. The Philippines has also unfortunately been characterized by a growth in joblessness, specifically with regard to skilled and semiskilled employment. Global integration of labor markets in the Philippines give some employment opportunity to workers who are willing to seek jobs overseas but not to those in Zambia. Both in the Philippines and Zambia, the informal sector has shifted its agricultural reforms to female labor toward agricultural wage work (which is seasonal and low paid). In the Philippines, specifically in urban areas, certain export-oriented industries have created some jobs, predominantly for young women, but only a small proportion of total females are employed. Much of the female job growth has occurred in sales and service sectors, including sex work, domestic service, and petty trade. International labor migration in the Philippines has become more feminized, because a majority of overseas contract workers are women, who are employed in the service sector as entertainers and domestic helpers. Access to paid work in some cases may empower women, yet in other cases their power may be diminished. Both the specific character of labor market development and the nature of the accompanying economic reform alter the ability of the women and men to take advantage of the opportunity. Reform shifts patterns of production organization and location of employment and can either reinforce the prevailing distribution of power or provide tension, thereby challenging the governing pattern of income control and decision making. Thus, the economic restructuring of the Philippines and Zambia did not necessarily bring about significant changes in the labor market such that gender equality would be promoted.

The oribatid mite subgenus Galumna (Galumna) (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae) in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Ermilov, Sergey G.; Corpuz-Raros, Leonila; Tolstikov, Andrei V.

2014-01-01

Abstract Five species of the subgenus Galumna (Galumna) (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae) are registered in the Philippine oribatid mite fauna. A new species, Galumna (Galumna) makilingensis sp. n., is described; it is most similar morphologically to Galumna (Galumna) tokyoensis Aoki, 1966, but differs from the latter by the morphology of porose areas Aa and Ap, rostral setae, and length of interlamellar setae. Three species, Galumna (Galumna) crenata Deb & Raychaudhuri, 1975, Galumna (Galumna) cf. exigua Sellnick, 1925 and Galumna (Galumna) khoii Mahunka, 1989, are recorded in the Philippines for the first time. The species Galumna (Galumna) crenata is redescribed. An identification key to the Philippine species of Galumna (Galumna) is given. PMID:25493051

Philippine Wind Farm Analysis and Site Selection Analysis, 1 January 2000 - 31 December 2000

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Conover, K.

2001-12-01

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), through the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), has been working in partnership with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in an ongoing process to quantify the Philippine wind energy potential and foster wind farm development. As part of that process, NREL retained Global Energy Concepts, LLC (GEC) to review and update the policy needs as well as develop a site-screening process applicable for the Philippines. GEC worked closely with the Philippines National Power Corporation (NPC) in completing this work. This report provides the results of the policy needs and site selection analyses conductedmore » by GEC.« less

Implementing energy standards for motors and buildings in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wiel, S.; Busch, J.; Sanchez, C.

1998-07-01

The Philippines' master plan for energy makes cornerstones of energy standards for appliances, buildings, and motors in their energy efficiency effort. Significant progress has been made in implementing appliance standards for some products, but has lagged for others. This has been partly because the resources allocated have dictated a cautious deliberate approach. Products where there has been a lack of information about the respective markets have received lowest priority. Motors fall in this latter category. In their development of building codes, the Philippine government has also taken a cautious deliberate approach and is just now attending to the compliance ofmore » a commercial building energy performance standard that was enacted into law in 1994. This paper describes the results of recent new buildings and motor market assessments carried out in the Philippines, a survey of building energy code implementation in other countries, and how these products are being used to further implementation of energy standards in the Philippines. Lessons for other countries are drawn from this experience.« less

Sculpting the Philippine archipelago since the Cretaceous through rifting, oceanic spreading, subduction, obduction, collision and strike-slip faulting: Contribution to IGMA5000

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aurelio, Mario A.; Peña, Rolando E.; Taguibao, Kristine Joy L.

2013-08-01

The Philippine archipelago resulted from a complex series of geologic events that involved continental rifting, oceanic spreading, subduction, ophiolite obduction, arc-continent collision, intra-arc basin formation and strike-slip faulting. It can be divided into two tectono-stratigraphic blocks, namely; the Palawan-Mindoro Continental Block (PCB) and the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB). The PCB was originally a part of the Asian mainland that was rifted away during the Mesozoic and drifted in the course of the opening of the South China Sea (SCS) during Late Paleogene. On the other hand, the PMB developed mainly from island arcs and ophiolite terranes that started to form during the Cretaceous. At present, the PMB collides with the PCB in the Visayas in the central-western Philippines. This paper discusses recent updates on Philippine geology and tectonics as contribution to the establishment of the International Geologic Map of Asia at 1:5 M scale (IGMA5000).

[Researches on virology at the Tohoku University Research Center in the Philippines].

PubMed

Oshitani, Hitoshi; Saito, Mariko; Okamoto, Michiko; Tamaki, Raita; Kamigaki, Taro; Suzuki, Akira

2013-01-01

Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine has established the Tohoku-RITM Collaborative Research Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases at Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) in the Philippines in 2008. Our aim of the center is to conduct operational researches, which can contribute to control of infectious diseases in the Philippines. Therefore most of our researches in the Philippines are being conducted in the fields. Main research themes include severe acute respiratory infections in children, influenza disease burden study, molecular epidemiology of rabies, and viral etiology of acute diarrhea. The study on severe acute respiratory infections in children in Leyte Island has recruited hospitalized cases with severe pneumonia. We showed that enterovirus 68 was one of important causative agents in severe pneumonia cases. We also conducted other analyses including molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and pathogenesis of human rhinoviruses (HRV). Based on these studies, we initiated more comprehensive researches in the Philippines since 2010.

A new fish species of the subfamily Serraninae (Perciformes, Serranidae) from the Philippines.

PubMed

Williams, Jeffrey T; Carpenter, Kent E

2015-01-19

A new species of serranine fish is described from the Philippine Islands. A single specimen of a new species, Chelidoperca santosi, captured by fishermen working in Palawan waters was discovered in the public fish market in Iloilo City, Panay, Philippines. Two additional specimens of the new species, also from the Philippines, were subsequently discovered in the collections of the Museum Victoria, Australia. The new species is currently known only from the Philippines and is characterized by its distinctive coloration with a row of four small dark spots on the snout (two in front of each eye) and two dark spots on the chin (one on each side of the symphysis of the dentaries), a white anal fin with six large yellow spots separated by broad white interspaces and a narrow yellow distal border, caudal fin with narrow yellow bars and a yellowish distal margin and no dark spots, and a combination of meristic and morphological characters. 

Comparing Insider IT Sabotage and Espionage: A Model-Based Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-12-01

had drawn attention by displaying concerning behaviors prior to the act of sabotage [Keeney 2005]. These behaviors included • tardiness , truancy... Philippines , Joseph Estrada, visiting the presidential palace with his wife and traveling to the Philippines to visit Estrada in the hospital. This...Aragoncillo was not authorized to view, access, download, or print information related to the Philippines —he had no need to know. However, this lack

Circulation in the Philippine Archipelago. Simulated by 1/12 deg. and 1/25 deg. Global HYCOM and EAS NCOM

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

DATE (DD-MM- YYYY) 02-16-2011 2. REPORT TYPE Journal Article 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Circulation in the... circulation . This archipelago provides two secondary routes for both the Indonesian throughflow and the western boundary current of the Pacific...Philippine Archipelago circulation , Philippine straits, Mindoro Strait transport, Indonesian throughflow 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: a

Area Handbook Series. Philippines: A Country Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-01

collective work of University of the Philippines economists edited by Emmanuel S. De Dios , provides insight into the 1983 economic crisis. Walden Bello...in Transition." Pages 154-82 in Terry Sinclair (ed.), Food Price Policy in Asia.: A Comparative Study. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989. De Dios ...in the Asia-Pacific Region. Halifax: The Institute for Research on Public Policy, 1990. De Dios , Emmanuel S. (ed.). An Analysis of the Philippine

Industry sector analysis: The profile of the market for water and wastewater pollution control systems (the Philippines). Export trade information

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miranda, A.L.

1990-11-01

The market survey covers the water and wastewater pollution control systems market in the Philippines. The analysis contains statistical and narrative information on projected market demand, end-users; receptivity of Philippine consumers to U.S. products; the competitive situation, and market access (tariffs, non-tariff barriers, standards, taxes, distribution channels). It also contains key contact information.

Kalayagan, Tawid-Buhay and Other Uses of Language in a Marginal Philippine Community: The Place of Language in Literacy and Social Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruanni, T.; Tupas, F.

2008-01-01

This paper discusses particular uses of language in a specific social location in the Philippines drawn from the 15-volume ethnographic study of functional literacy in 14 marginal communities in the Philippines by Doronila (e.g. 1996). These are uses of language by people whose internal capacity to generate change is strong yet many of whom are…

A Survey on Language Use, Attitudes, and Identity in Relation to Philippine English among Young Generation Filipinos: An Initial Sample from a Private University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Borlongan, Ariane Macalinga

2009-01-01

This study looks at the language use, attitudes, and identity in relation to Philippine English among young generation Filipinos through a questionnaire survey of a selected group of students from a Philippine private university. The survey findings would reveal that most domains of use and verbal activities are dominated by English as the…

A specific indel marker for the Philippines Schistosoma japonicum revealed by analysis of mitochondrial genome sequences.

PubMed

Li, Juan; Chen, Fen; Sugiyama, Hiromu; Blair, David; Lin, Rui-Qing; Zhu, Xing-Quan

2015-07-01

In the present study, near-complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences for Schistosoma japonicum from different regions in the Philippines and Japan were amplified and sequenced. Comparisons among S. japonicum from the Philippines, Japan, and China revealed a geographically based length difference in mt genomes, but the mt genomic organization and gene arrangement were the same. Sequence differences among samples from the Philippines and all samples from the three endemic areas were 0.57-2.12 and 0.76-3.85 %, respectively. The most variable part of the mt genome was the non-coding region. In the coding portion of the genome, protein-coding genes varied more than rRNA genes and tRNAs. The near-complete mt genome sequences for Philippine specimens were identical in length (14,091 bp) which was 4 bp longer than those of S. japonicum samples from Japan and China. This indel provides a unique genetic marker for S. japonicum samples from the Philippines. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated amino acids of 12 protein-coding genes showed that samples of S. japonicum clustered according to their geographical origins. The identified mitochondrial indel marker will be useful for tracing the source of S. japonicum infection in humans and animals in Southeast Asia.

20 CFR 422.130 - Claim procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

..., Baltimore, MD 21203, or from the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. See § 404..., and the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. These offices assist...

20 CFR 422.130 - Claim procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

..., Baltimore, MD 21203, or from the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. See § 404..., and the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. These offices assist...

20 CFR 422.130 - Claim procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

..., Baltimore, MD 21203, or from the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. See § 404..., and the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. These offices assist...

20 CFR 422.130 - Claim procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

..., Baltimore, MD 21203, or from the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines. See § 404... Social Security Administration, and the Veteran's Administration Regional Office, Manila, Philippines...

Coping with the Dragon: Essays on PLA Transformation and the U.S. Military

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

Okinawa and Guam. With some preparation, former U.S. facilities in the Philippines , notably Cubi Point Naval Air Station, could be possible staging... Philippines would likely be struck, either. 64 • McDevitt As with targeting Kadena, Chinese ballistic missile and submarine- launched cruise missile...strikes against Guam and the Philippines would have serious implications. In the case of Guam, striking U.S. territory may be an escalatory step that

Industry sector analysis: The market for renewable energy resources (the Philippines). Export trade information

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cannon, E.; Miranda, A.L.

1990-08-01

The market survey covers the renewable energy resources market in the Philippines. Sub-sectors covered include biomass, solar energy, photovoltaic cells, windmills, and mini-hydro systems. The analysis contains statistical and narrative information on projected market demand, end-users; receptivity of Philippine consumers to U.S. products; the competitive situation, and market access (tariffs, non-tariff barriers, standards, taxes, distribution channels). It also contains key contact information.

Development of Predictive Relationships for Flood Hazard Assessments in Ungaged Basins

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-01

Hydrological Analysis (GSSHA) model (Downer and Ogden 2004) was deployed in megascale for ungaged basins of the Philippine Islands . The GSSHA...et al. [1988]). STUDY AREA: Two megascale catchments in the Philippine Islands were considered in this study. No stream gage data exists for either...imagery. The Cagayan River Basin on Luzon Island (Figure 1[a]) is the largest river in the Philippines with a drainage area of 27,280 km2

Developing a Philippine Cancer Grid. Part 1: Building a Prototype for a Data Retrieval System for Breast Cancer Research Using Medical Ontologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coronel, Andrei D.; Saldana, Rafael P.

Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Philippines. Developed within the context of a Philippine Cancer Grid, the present study used web development technologies such as PHP, MySQL, and Apache server to build a prototype data retrieval system for breast cancer research that incorporates medical ontologies from the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).

Men of Destiny: The American and Filipino Guerillas during the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-01

Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited Men of Destiny: The American and Filipino Guerillas During the Japanese Occupation of the...Destiny: The American and Filipino Guerrillas During the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c...American and Filipino guerrillas that fought against the Japanese occupation of the Philippines were key in providing direction to resistance efforts and

Diverse ages and origins of basement complexes, Luzon, Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Geary, E.E.; Harrison, T.M.; Heizler, M.

1988-04-01

Geological field investigations and /sup 40/Ar//sup 39/Ar ages from two basement complexes in southeast Luzon document the first known occurrences of pre-Late Cretaceous age rocks in the eastern Philippines. However, individual components within the two complexes vary in age from Late Jurassic (Caramoan basement complex) to Early Cretaceous and early Miocene (Camarines Norte-Calaguas Islands basement complex). These and other data show that southeast Luzon basement complexes are genetically diverse, and they indicate that the concept of an old, autochthonous basement in the Philippines is open to question. This supports the hypothesis that the Philippine Archipelago is an amalgamation of allochthonousmore » Mesozoic and Cenozoic island-arc, ocean-basin, and continental fragments that were assembled during the Tertiary.« less

A tale of two arcs? Plate tectonics of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) arc using subducted slab constraints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, J. E.; Suppe, J.; Renqi, L.; Kanda, R. V. S.

2014-12-01

Published plate reconstructions typically show the Izu-Bonin Marianas arc (IBM) forming as a result of long-lived ~50 Ma Pacific subduction beneath the Philippine Sea. These reconstructions rely on the critical assumption that the Philippine Sea was continuously coupled to the Pacific during the lifetime of the IBM arc. Because of this assumption, significant (up to 1500 km) Pacific trench retreat is required to accommodate the 2000 km of Philippine Sea/IBM northward motion since the Eocene that is constrained by paleomagnetic data. In this study, we have mapped subducted slabs of mantle lithosphere from MITP08 global seismic tomography (Li et al., 2008) and restored them to a model Earth surface to constrain plate tectonic reconstructions. Here we present two subducted slab constraints that call into question current IBM arc reconstructions: 1) The northern and central Marianas slabs form a sub-vertical 'slab wall' down to maximum 1500 km depths in the lower mantle. This slab geometry is best explained by a near-stationary Marianas trench that has remained +/- 250 km E-W of its present-day position since ~45 Ma, and does not support any significant Pacific slab retreat. 2) A vanished ocean is revealed by an extensive swath of sub-horizontal slabs at 700 to 1000 km depths in the lower mantle below present-day Philippine Sea to Papua New Guinea. We call this vanished ocean the 'East Asian Sea'. When placed in an Eocene plate reconstruction, the East Asian Sea fits west of the reconstructed Marianas Pacific trench position and north of the Philippine Sea plate. This implies that the Philippine Sea and Pacific were not adjacent at IBM initiation, but were in fact separated by a lost ocean. Here we propose a new IBM arc reconstruction constrained by subducted slabs mapped under East Asia. At ~50 Ma, the present-day IBM arc initiated at equatorial latitudes from East Asian Sea subduction below the Philippine Sea. A separate arc was formed from Pacific subduction below the East Asian Sea. The Philippine Sea plate moved northwards, overrunning the East Asian Sea and the two arcs collided between 15 to 20 Ma. From 15 Ma to the present, IBM arc magmatism was produced by Pacific subduction beneath the Philippine Sea.

Phylogeographic analysis of rabies viruses in the Philippines.

PubMed

Tohma, Kentaro; Saito, Mariko; Kamigaki, Taro; Tuason, Laarni T; Demetria, Catalino S; Orbina, Jun Ryan C; Manalo, Daria L; Miranda, Mary E; Noguchi, Akira; Inoue, Satoshi; Suzuki, Akira; Quiambao, Beatriz P; Oshitani, Hitoshi

2014-04-01

Rabies still remains a public health threat in the Philippines. A significant number of human rabies cases, about 200-300 cases annually, have been reported, and the country needs an effective strategy for rabies control. To develop an effective control strategy, it is important to understand the transmission patterns of the rabies viruses. We conducted phylogenetic analyses by considering the temporal and spatial evolution of rabies viruses to reveal the transmission dynamics in the Philippines. After evaluating the molecular clock and phylogeographic analysis, we estimated that the Philippine strains were introduced from China around the beginning of 20th century. Upon this introduction, the rabies viruses evolved within the Philippines to form three major clades, and there was no indication of introduction of other rabies viruses from any other country. However, within the Philippines, island-to-island migrations were observed. Since then, the rabies viruses have diffused and only evolved within each island group. The evolutionary pattern of these viruses was strongly shaped by geographical boundaries. The association index statistics demonstrated a strong spatial structure within the island group, indicating that the seas were a significant geographical barrier for viral dispersal. Strong spatial structure was also observed even at a regional level, and most of the viral migrations (79.7% of the total median number) in Luzon were observed between neighboring regions. Rabies viruses were genetically clustered at a regional level, and this strong spatial structure suggests a geographical clustering of transmission chains and the potential effectiveness of rabies control that targets geographical clustering. Dog vaccination campaigns have been conducted independently by local governments in the Philippines, but it could be more effective to implement a coordinated vaccination campaign among neighboring areas to eliminate geographically-clustered rabies transmission chains. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

United States Army Special Operations Forces and Building Enduring Partner Enabler Capacity in Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-22

forces supporting Operation Enduring Freedom- Philippines operate under the Kapit Bisig Framework, a mutually agreed US and Government of the Republic of...within either the Western or Eastern Mindanao Command structures and areas of responsibility. AFP maintenance operations rely heavily upon BDAR64 and...deficiencies found in the Philippine defense structure . The results of the 2003 JDA were devastating. The JDA findings revealed that the AFP was only

Defending the Driniumor. Covering Force Operations in New Guinea, 1944 (Leavenworth Papers, Number 9)

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-02-01

remains Robert Ross Smith’s The Approach to the Philippines . This Leavenworth Paper adds tactical detail to a single phase of the complex operations...divisions, supported by the U.S. Pacific Fleet, attack Hollandia on 15 April as a step toward MacArt the Philippines . One week later, the JCS...controlling the southern approach to the Philippines and the Caroline Islands. The Japanese primary defense line, decided at an imperial conference on

Origin and Dissemination of Chloroquine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum with Mutant pfcrt Alleles in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Chen, Nanhua; Wilson, Danny W.; Pasay, Cielo; Bell, David; Martin, Laura B.; Kyle, Dennis; Cheng, Qin

2005-01-01

The pfcrt allelic type and adjacent microsatellite marker type were determined for 82 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines. Mutant pfcrt allelic types P1a and P2a/P2b were dominant in different locations. Microsatellite analysis revealed that P2a/P2b evolved independently in the Philippines, while P1a shared common ancestry with Papua New Guinea chloroquine-resistant parasites. PMID:15855538

Challenges in the Asia-Pacific Theater for U.S. and Partner Nation Special Operations Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

Reef (claimed by the Philippines and Taiwan), and the Spratly Islands (claimed in whole or in part by Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia , and...Chain, extending from the Japan’s home islands to the Philippines and Malaysia , are potential sites for U.S. and coalition sensors, air defense...Economic damage inside the U.S. and China would also be severe. As an authoritarian country, with strict censorship controls and a large internal

Republic of the Philippines-United States Defense Cooperation: Opportunities and Challenges, A Filipino Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

International Relations and Strategic Studies, 1994) 4. 26 Thomas Garcia , “The Potential Role of the Philippines in U.S. Naval Forward Presence (Monterey...Asia: The Way Forward,” Ocean Development and International Law 33 (September 27, 2007). 46 Ibid. 47 Rolando Supapo, US-Philippine Security...accessed November 22, 2009). 62 Mark Manyin, Michael John Garcia and Wayne Morrison, "US Accession to ASEAN’s Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC

Molecular evidence of Ebola Reston virus infection in Philippine bats.

PubMed

Jayme, Sarah I; Field, Hume E; de Jong, Carol; Olival, Kevin J; Marsh, Glenn; Tagtag, Anson M; Hughes, Tom; Bucad, Anthony C; Barr, Jennifer; Azul, Rachel R; Retes, Lilia M; Foord, Adam; Yu, Meng; Cruz, Magdalena S; Santos, Imelda J; Lim, Theresa Mundita S; Benigno, Carolyn C; Epstein, Jonathan H; Wang, Lin-Fa; Daszak, Peter; Newman, Scott H

2015-07-17

In 2008-09, evidence of Reston ebolavirus (RESTV) infection was found in domestic pigs and pig workers in the Philippines. With species of bats having been shown to be the cryptic reservoir of filoviruses elsewhere, the Philippine government, in conjunction with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, assembled a multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional team to investigate Philippine bats as the possible reservoir of RESTV. The team undertook surveillance of bat populations at multiple locations during 2010 using both serology and molecular assays. A total of 464 bats from 21 species were sampled. We found both molecular and serologic evidence of RESTV infection in multiple bat species. RNA was detected with quantitative PCR (qPCR) in oropharyngeal swabs taken from Miniopterus schreibersii, with three samples yielding a product on conventional hemi-nested PCR whose sequences differed from a Philippine pig isolate by a single nucleotide. Uncorroborated qPCR detections may indicate RESTV nucleic acid in several additional bat species (M. australis, C. brachyotis and Ch. plicata). We also detected anti-RESTV antibodies in three bats (Acerodon jubatus) using both Western blot and ELISA. The findings suggest that ebolavirus infection is taxonomically widespread in Philippine bats, but the evident low prevalence and low viral load warrants expanded surveillance to elaborate the findings, and more broadly, to determine the taxonomic and geographic occurrence of ebolaviruses in bats in the region.

Distinct Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Stocks Detected in Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) Using DNA Microsatellites.

PubMed

Aguila, Roselyn D; Perez, Sweedy Kay L; Catacutan, Billy Joel N; Lopez, Grace V; Barut, Noel C; Santos, Mudjekeewis D

2015-01-01

The yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788), covers majority of the Philippines' tuna catch, one of the major fisheries commodities in the country. Due to its high economic importance sustainable management of these tunas has become an imperative measure to prevent stock depletion. Currently, the Philippine yellowfin tuna is believed to be part of a single stock of the greater WCPO though some reports suggest otherwise. This study therefore aims to establish the genetic stock structure of the said species in the Philippines as compared to Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea using nine (9) DNA microsatellite markers. DNA microsatellite data revealed significant genetic differentiation between the Philippine and Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea yellowfin tuna samples. (FST = 0.034, P = 0.016), which is further supported by multilocus distance matrix testing (PCoA) and model-based clustering (STRUCTURE 2.2).With these findings, this study posits that the yellowfin tuna population in the Philippines is a separate stock from the Bismarck Sea population. These findings add evidence to the alternative hypothesis of having at least 2 subpopulations of yellowfin tuna in the WCPO and calls for additional scientific studies using other parameters to investigate this. Accurate population information is necessary in formulating a more appropriate management strategy for the sustainability of the yellowfin tuna not only in the Philippines but also in the WCPO.

Independent Emergence of the Cosmopolitan Asian Chikungunya Virus, Philippines 2012.

PubMed

Tan, Kim-Kee; Sy, Ava Kristy D; Tandoc, Amado O; Khoo, Jing-Jing; Sulaiman, Syuhaida; Chang, Li-Yen; AbuBakar, Sazaly

2015-07-23

Outbreaks involving the Asian genotype Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused over one million infections in the Americas recently. The outbreak was preceded by a major nationwide outbreak in the Philippines. We examined the phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships of representative CHIKV isolates obtained from the 2012 Philippines outbreak with other CHIKV isolates collected globally. Asian CHIKV isolated from the Philippines, China, Micronesia and Caribbean regions were found closely related, herein denoted as Cosmopolitan Asian CHIKV (CACV). Three adaptive amino acid substitutions in nsP3 (D483N), E1 (P397L) and E3 (Q19R) were identified among CACV. Acquisition of the nsP3-483N mutation in Compostela Valley followed by E1-397L/E3-19R in Laguna preceded the nationwide spread in the Philippines. The China isolates possessed two of the amino acid substitutions, nsP3-D483N and E1-P397L whereas the Micronesian and Caribbean CHIKV inherited all the three amino acid substitutions. The unique amino acid substitutions observed among the isolates suggest multiple independent virus dissemination events. The possible biological importance of the specific genetic signatures associated with the rapid global of the virus is not known and warrant future in-depth study and epidemiological follow-up. Molecular evidence, however, supports the Philippines outbreak as the possible origin of the CACV.

Independent Emergence of the Cosmopolitan Asian Chikungunya Virus, Philippines 2012

PubMed Central

Tan, Kim-Kee; Sy, Ava Kristy D.; Tandoc, Amado O.; Khoo, Jing-Jing; Sulaiman, Syuhaida; Chang, Li-Yen; AbuBakar, Sazaly

2015-01-01

Outbreaks involving the Asian genotype Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused over one million infections in the Americas recently. The outbreak was preceded by a major nationwide outbreak in the Philippines. We examined the phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships of representative CHIKV isolates obtained from the 2012 Philippines outbreak with other CHIKV isolates collected globally. Asian CHIKV isolated from the Philippines, China, Micronesia and Caribbean regions were found closely related, herein denoted as Cosmopolitan Asian CHIKV (CACV). Three adaptive amino acid substitutions in nsP3 (D483N), E1 (P397L) and E3 (Q19R) were identified among CACV. Acquisition of the nsP3-483N mutation in Compostela Valley followed by E1-397L/E3-19R in Laguna preceded the nationwide spread in the Philippines. The China isolates possessed two of the amino acid substitutions, nsP3-D483N and E1-P397L whereas the Micronesian and Caribbean CHIKV inherited all the three amino acid substitutions. The unique amino acid substitutions observed among the isolates suggest multiple independent virus dissemination events. The possible biological importance of the specific genetic signatures associated with the rapid global of the virus is not known and warrant future in-depth study and epidemiological follow-up. Molecular evidence, however, supports the Philippines outbreak as the possible origin of the CACV. PMID:26201250

Phylodynamic reconstruction of O CATHAY topotype foot-and-mouth disease virus epidemics in the Philippines.

PubMed

Di Nardo, Antonello; Knowles, Nick J; Wadsworth, Jemma; Haydon, Daniel T; King, Donald P

2014-08-24

Reconstructing the evolutionary history, demographic signal and dispersal processes from viral genome sequences contributes to our understanding of the epidemiological dynamics underlying epizootic events. In this study, a Bayesian phylogenetic framework was used to explore the phylodynamics and spatio-temporal dispersion of the O CATHAY topotype of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) that caused epidemics in the Philippines between 1994 and 2005. Sequences of the FMDV genome encoding the VP1 showed that the O CATHAY FMD epizootic in the Philippines resulted from a single introduction and was characterised by three main transmission hubs in Rizal, Bulacan and Manila Provinces. From a wider regional perspective, phylogenetic reconstruction of all available O CATHAY VP1 nucleotide sequences identified three distinct sub-lineages associated with country-based clusters originating in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), the Philippines and Taiwan. The root of this phylogenetic tree was located in Hong Kong SAR, representing the most likely source for the introduction of this lineage into the Philippines and Taiwan. The reconstructed O CATHAY phylodynamics revealed three chronologically distinct evolutionary phases, culminating in a reduction in viral diversity over the final 10 years. The analysis suggests that viruses from the O CATHAY topotype have been continually maintained within swine industries close to Hong Kong SAR, following the extinction of virus lineages from the Philippines and the reduced number of FMD cases in Taiwan.

Hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes among Filipino women in the Philippines, Hawaii, and San Diego.

PubMed

Araneta, Maria Rosario G; Morton, Deborah J; Lantion-Ang, Lina; Grandinetti, Andrew; Lim-Abrahan, Mary Anne; Chang, Healani; Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth; Rodriguez, Beatrice L; Wingard, Deborah L

2006-03-01

Diabetes risk increases as immigrant populations adopt western lifestyles. We compared the prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia among Filipino women aged 40-79 years in the Philippines, Hawaii, and San Diego. Data were obtained from the (1) Philippine National Nutrition Survey (1998), (2) Native Hawaiian Health Research Project (1997-2001), and (3) University of California San Diego Filipino Women's Health Study (1995-1999). Fasting glucose after an 8h fast, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) were measured in all three regions; a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in San Diego and Hawaii. The proportion of Filipinas with BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 was higher in Hawaii (20%) compared to women in San Diego (9.3%) or the Philippines (5.2%, p<0.001). Fasting hyperglycemia prevalence (fasting plasma glucose > or = 126 mg/dl or fasting whole blood glucose > or = 110 mg/dl) did not differ among Filipinas in the Philippines (11.8%), San Diego (14.1%), and Hawaii (14.7%, p = 0.323). Type 2 diabetes prevalence was similar among Filipinas in San Diego (31.6%) and Hawaii (24.9%, p = 0.79). Despite regional differences in obesity, fasting hyperglycemia was similar among Filipinas in the Philippines, San Diego, and Hawaii and type 2 diabetes prevalence was similar among Filipinas in San Diego and Hawaii.

Addressing women concerns. Philippines. The Hague Forum.

PubMed

Medalla, F M

1999-01-01

Since the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), the Philippine government has worked closely with nongovernmental and peoples' organizations to push reforms which promote development which is broad-based, sustainable, and focused upon human resources. These initiatives recognized the important role of population and human development, and try to achieve rapid economic growth while protecting the environment. The government worked closely with civil society to draft a medium-term development plan for 1993-98 to improve the quality of life for all Filipinos. Reproductive health will be an important component of the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan for 1999-2004. However, the necessary resources must be mobilized to carry out all elements of the program of action. Since the ICPD, total funding for reproductive health and family planning reached Philippine P 1 billion, of which 58% was provided by the foreign donor community. So far, the Philippine government has been blocked by the Catholic Church from allocating more public funds for contraception. Local government units need to take a more direct and active role in implementing rural health programs in general and reproductive health programs in particular.

Organ donation in the Philippines: should the dead do more?

PubMed

de Castro, Leonardo D

2014-01-01

This paper asks whether the Philippines should focus on ways of dealing with end-stage renal disease by getting more transplantable kidneys from the dead. Would it be more ethical to put the burden to donate on the dead (who have already lost their chance to consent) than on the living (who can consent)? Given the risks involved in undergoing nephrectomy and the lack of benefits arising from the procedure to donors, the dead should be the first to put their kidneys on the line. In the Philippines, unfortunately, living donors have had to bear the greater burden in this regard. Starting with a brief account of developments surrounding the impact of the Declaration of Istanbul on the situation in the Philippines as well as in other countries, the paper examines what the living have been expected to do, what they have actually done, and what lessons the experience with living donors offers for the understanding of cadaver transplants. The paper then looks at possible ways of increasing the sources of kidneys for transplantation and asks if these ways could be implemented successfully and ethically in the Philippines.

Radar imagery interpretation to assess the hydrocarbon potential of four sites in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1988-11-17

The Government of the Republic of the Philippines has invited new bids from international companies to explore for oil and gas in onshore and offshore sedimentary basins. To assist the private oil industry in the evaluation of the petroleum potential of these basins, the Government, with the assistance of a loan from the World Bank has completed a nation-wide basin evaluation program. The primary objective of the project is to further the goals of international energy development by aiding the Republic of the Philippines in the assessment of potential petroleum prospects within the areas imaged by radar. Secondary goals aremore » to assist the Republic of the Philippines in utilizing state-of-the-art radar remote sensing technology for resource exploration, and to train key Philippines scientists in the use of imaging radar data. Geologic maps were prepared for each petroleum prospect region and are included in this report. A discussion on radar principles, lithography, and stratigraphy of the areas is also included. 29 refs., 27 figs., 12 tabs.« less

Reproductive endocrinology and infertility training in the Philippines.

PubMed

Gonzaga, F P

1998-01-01

This article provides insights into the reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) training in the Philippines offered by the University of the Philippines College of Medicine. First, the paper presents how the structured residency training program in obstetrics and gynecology started in the Philippines, including its subspecializations which include perinatal medicine, maternal medicine, and OB-Gyn ultrasonography, with special emphasis on REI. It then traces the history of the Philippine Society of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (PSREI). The main objective of the Society is to improve the quality of training and practice in reproductive medicine and surgery. Under its established Guideline on Ethics of Infertility Management, PSREI has categorized the qualifications of physicians who should treat patients with infertility problems into three levels: Level I, Level II, and Level III care. The program is, however, constrained by problems such as lack of training centers, cost of instrumentation, lack of research grants, and resistance to accept minimally invasive surgery. The future of the program depends on the support from training centers abroad, increase in the number of local training centers, and availability of more affordable assisted reproductive technology.

Rigid and non-rigid micro-plates: Philippines and Myanmar-Andaman case studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rangin, Claude

2016-01-01

Generally, tectonic plates are considered as rigid. Oblique plate convergence favors the development of micro-plates along the converging boundaries. The north-south-trending Philippines archipelago (here named Philippine Mobile Belt, PMB), a few hundreds kilometers wide, is one of such complex tectonic zones. We show here that it is composed of rigid rotating crustal blocks (here called platelets). In Myanmar, the northernmost tip of the Sumatra-Andaman subduction system is another complex zone made of various crustal blocks in-between convergent plates. Yet, contrary to PMB, it sustains internal deformation with platelet buckling, altogether indicative of a non-rigid behavior. Therefore, the two case studies, Philippine Mobile Belt and Myanmar-Andaman micro-plate (MAS), illustrate the complexity of micro-plate tectonics and kinematics at convergent plate boundaries.

Preventing Escalation in the South China Sea Disputed Waters: A Comparative Study of Republic of the Philippines and Socialist Republic of Vietnam

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

among claimants’ civilian and military maritime forces in the South China Sea, and there are few studies of how the lack of civil-military cooperation...ESCALATION IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTED WATERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES AND SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM by Askari...SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTED WATERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES AND SOCIALIST REPUBUC OF VIETNAM 6. AUTHOR(S) Askari 7

Asia Pacific Military Medicine Conference (APMMC) Simulation Symposium (16th) Held in New Delhi, India on March 26-31, 2006. Abstracts

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-04-01

Results: H1- 171 2 adopted an alpha-helical structure in membrane environments. This antimicrobial peptide exhibited potent antibacterial activity against a...PLASMODIUM VIVAX MALARIA IN VIETNAM 2 Mody,2 Marc 206 ColonelAlberto Gabriel, Philippines THE TREND OF MALARIA INFECTION IN THE ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES ...United States - Thailand CHARACTERIZATION OF DENGUE CASES PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY MEDICAL CENTER IN METRO MANILA, PHILIPPINES Sen ior Colonel Nguyen

Dengue Fever in American Military Personnel in the Philippines: Clinical Observations on Hospitalized Patients during a 1984 Epidemic

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-01

the mean maximum temperature was Hypotenson 15 (62.5) 102.0 + 1.3 F. A "saddle back" or dip- Rash (Non- Petechial ) 13 (54.2) hasic fever pattern was not...DENGUE FEVER IN AMERICAN MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE PHILIPPINES: CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS ON HOSPITALIZED PATIENS DURING A 1984 EPIDEMIC C.G. Hayes, T.F...Accession Tr~I Jti ti DENGUE FEVER IN AMERICAN MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE PHILIPPINES: CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS ON HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS DURING A 1984

Personnel-General: A Guide to Protocol and Etiquette for Official Entertainment

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-12-11

they are not announced and will have to seek out their host and apologize for their tardiness . At a large function it may not be possible for...X PANAMA X 31DA PAM 600–60 • 11 December 2001 Table 7–1 Record of dietary restrictions—Continued PARAGUAY X PERU X PHILIPPINES X POLAND X PORTUGAL X...President of the Republic of Peru PHILIPPINES His Excellency, the President of the Republic of the Philippines POLAND His Excellency, the President of

History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Volume 2. The Test of War, 1950-1953

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

alliance, and mutual assistance with Peking. In Malaya, the Philippines , and Indochina, widespread guerrilla warfare flared after World War II, with...Pacific ran through the Aleutians to Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, and the Philippines and that there could be no U.S. guarantee against aggression for... Philippines to Formosa to prevent any attack on or from that island, and that aid to French forces in Indochina be stepped up. * 29 Since the Joint

Liberal, Imperial, and Economic Motivation of U.S. Foreign Policy in the Philippines 1898-1946

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

War Department. Roosevelt had failed to push through Philippine tariff reform in each of the last four years of his administration as American sugar ...American Sugar Refining Company, who likely sponsored the attorney general’s decision.[40] Clearly Taft had to see this as the culmination of his...lined up on both sides of the debate. Industry that used sugar pressed for retention of the Philippines to keep prices down while U.S. sugar

Alcorn wells bolster Philippines oil production

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-09-21

This paper reports that Alcorn International Inc., Houston, is producing about 16,500 b/d of oil from West Linapacan A field in the South China Sea off the Philippines. The field's current production alone is more than fivefold the Philippines' total average oil flow of 3,000 b/d in 1991. It's part of a string of oil and gas strikes off Palawan Island that has made the region one of the hottest exploration/development plays in the Asia-Pacific theater.

Planning and management of the Nido Reef Complex Oil Field development, Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harry, R.Y.

1981-01-01

As Operator for the Northeast Palawan consortium, Philippines-Cities Service, Inc., commenced the Philippines first commercial offshore oil production from the Nido Reef Complex Oil Field on February 1, 1979, some 11 months after a decision by management to start development. The relative speed at which design, fabrication, and construction were accomplished is attributed to the use of the concepts of project planning, task force approach, and project management. This paper presents the above concepts as applied to the Nido Complex.

75 FR 17289 - Citrus Seed Imports; Citrus Greening and Citrus Variegated Chlorosis

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-06

..., Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, R[eacute]union..., Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, R...

38 CFR 3.202 - Evidence from foreign countries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

...; or (6) When affidavits prepared in the Republic of the Philippines are certified by a Department of Veterans Affairs representative located in the Philippines having authority to administer oaths. (c...

38 CFR 3.202 - Evidence from foreign countries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

...; or (6) When affidavits prepared in the Republic of the Philippines are certified by a Department of Veterans Affairs representative located in the Philippines having authority to administer oaths. (c...

38 CFR 3.202 - Evidence from foreign countries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

...; or (6) When affidavits prepared in the Republic of the Philippines are certified by a Department of Veterans Affairs representative located in the Philippines having authority to administer oaths. (c...

38 CFR 3.202 - Evidence from foreign countries.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...; or (6) When affidavits prepared in the Republic of the Philippines are certified by a Department of Veterans Affairs representative located in the Philippines having authority to administer oaths. (c...

38 CFR 3.905 - Declaration of forfeiture or remission of forfeiture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... level, except in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Regional Counsel is authorized to... the Regional Counsel or, in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Veterans Service Center...

38 CFR 3.905 - Declaration of forfeiture or remission of forfeiture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... level, except in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Regional Counsel is authorized to... the Regional Counsel or, in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Veterans Service Center...

38 CFR 3.905 - Declaration of forfeiture or remission of forfeiture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... level, except in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Regional Counsel is authorized to... the Regional Counsel or, in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Veterans Service Center...

38 CFR 3.905 - Declaration of forfeiture or remission of forfeiture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... level, except in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Regional Counsel is authorized to... the Regional Counsel or, in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Veterans Service Center...

38 CFR 17.366 - Authorization of emergency admissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.366 Authorization of emergency admissions. The Secretary of National Defense of the Republic of the Philippines shall make determinations as to...

38 CFR 17.366 - Authorization of emergency admissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.366 Authorization of emergency admissions. The Secretary of National Defense of the Republic of the Philippines shall make determinations as to...

38 CFR 17.355 - Awards procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... the Republic of the Philippines § 17.355 Awards procedures. All applications for grants to the Republic of the Philippines under the provisions of § 17.351 shall be submitted to the Under Secretary for...

38 CFR 17.39 - Certain Filipino veterans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... organized Filipino guerilla forces, or any new Philippine Scout is eligible for hospital care, nursing home..., and new Philippine Scouts are not eligible for VA health care benefits if they do not meet the...

38 CFR 17.355 - Awards procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... the Republic of the Philippines § 17.355 Awards procedures. All applications for grants to the Republic of the Philippines under the provisions of § 17.351 shall be submitted to the Under Secretary for...

38 CFR 17.366 - Authorization of emergency admissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.366 Authorization of emergency admissions. The Secretary of National Defense of the Republic of the Philippines shall make determinations as to...

38 CFR 17.355 - Awards procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the Republic of the Philippines § 17.355 Awards procedures. All applications for grants to the Republic of the Philippines under the provisions of § 17.351 shall be submitted to the Under Secretary for...

38 CFR 17.355 - Awards procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... the Republic of the Philippines § 17.355 Awards procedures. All applications for grants to the Republic of the Philippines under the provisions of § 17.351 shall be submitted to the Under Secretary for...

38 CFR 17.39 - Certain Filipino veterans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... organized Filipino guerilla forces, or any new Philippine Scout is eligible for hospital care, nursing home..., and new Philippine Scouts are not eligible for VA health care benefits if they do not meet the...

38 CFR 17.355 - Awards procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... the Republic of the Philippines § 17.355 Awards procedures. All applications for grants to the Republic of the Philippines under the provisions of § 17.351 shall be submitted to the Under Secretary for...

38 CFR 17.366 - Authorization of emergency admissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.366 Authorization of emergency admissions. The Secretary of National Defense of the Republic of the Philippines shall make determinations as to...

38 CFR 3.905 - Declaration of forfeiture or remission of forfeiture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... level, except in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines, the Regional Counsel is authorized to... the person has been notified by the Regional Counsel or, in VA Regional Office, Manila, Philippines...

38 CFR 17.366 - Authorization of emergency admissions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.366 Authorization of emergency admissions. The Secretary of National Defense of the Republic of the Philippines shall make determinations as to...

38 CFR 17.39 - Certain Filipino veterans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... organized Filipino guerilla forces, or any new Philippine Scout is eligible for hospital care, nursing home..., and new Philippine Scouts are not eligible for VA health care benefits if they do not meet the...

38 CFR 17.39 - Certain Filipino veterans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... organized Filipino guerilla forces, or any new Philippine Scout is eligible for hospital care, nursing home..., and new Philippine Scouts are not eligible for VA health care benefits if they do not meet the...

Philippine Public Relations: An Industry and Practitioner Profile.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Panol, Zenaida Sarabia

2000-01-01

Provides a comprehensive look at public relations in the Philippines; traces how public relations evolved in this Southeast Asian country; and discusses the current status of the industry and its practitioners. (NH)

{open_quotes}Full steam ahead{close_quotes} (a historical review of geothermal power development in the Philippines)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gazo, F.M.

1997-12-31

The Philippine geothermal energy development is now considered in a state of maturity. After more than 20 years of geothermal experience, the total geothermal installed capacity in the Philippines reached 1,455 MW (1996) or about 12% of the total installed power plant capacity. This also enabled the Philippines to become the second largest producer of geothermal energy in the world. The country`s track record in harnessing geothermal energy is considered a revelation, as it continues with its vision of {open_quotes}full steam ahead{close_quotes}, originally conceived when commercial geothermal operation started in 1973. It is thus proper and timely to refer tomore » historical highlights and experiences in geothermal energy development for planning and implementation of the country`s geothermal energy program.« less

Four New Species of Nepenthes L. (Nepenthaceae) from the Central Mountains of Mindanao, Philippines.

PubMed

Gronemeyer, Thomas; Coritico, Fulgent; Wistuba, Andreas; Marwinski, David; Gieray, Tobias; Micheler, Marius; Mey, François Sockhom; Amoroso, Victor

2014-06-06

Together with the islands of Sumatra (Indonesia) and Borneo (Indonesia, Malaysia), the Philippines are the main center of diversity for carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus, Nepenthes L. Nepenthes are the largest of all carnivorous plants, and the species with the biggest pitchers are capable of trapping and digesting small amphibians and even mammals. The central cordillera of Mindanao Island in the south of the Philippines is mostly covered with old, primary forest and is the largest remaining cohesive, untouched area of wilderness in the Philippines. In a recent field exploration of two areas of the central cordillera, namely Mount Sumagaya and a section of the Pantaron range, four new taxa of Nepenthes were discovered. These four remarkable new species, N. pantaronensis, N. cornuta, N. talaandig and N. amabilis, are described, illustrated and assessed.

Nuclear Medicine in the Philippines: A Glance at the Past, a Gaze at the Present, and a Glimpse of the Future

PubMed Central

Bautista, Patricia A.; Luis, Teofilo O.L. San

2016-01-01

While the introduction of radioactive tracers in the study of metabolic pathways has been well-documented in clinical thyroidology as early as 1924, the widespread utilization in other clinical specialties has been hampered by slow developments in radiation-detecting devices and in the production of appropriate radiopharmaceuticals, in addition to the morbid fear of radiation. In the Philippines, the first radioisotope laboratory was established in 1956. Ten years later, the Philippine Society of Nuclear Medicine was formed. Through the years, challenges were overcome, foundations were laid down, growth was encouraged, friendships with other organizations were built, adjustments were made, and rules were enforced. To date, there are approximately 58 nuclear medicine centers randomly distributed from north to south of the Philippines, 7 accredited nuclear medicine training institutions, 95 board-certified nuclear medicine physicians (a few of whom are also internationally recognized), and a regionally-indexed Philippine Journal of Nuclear Medicine. Qualifying examinations for technologists were also recently instated. International relations are constantly strengthened by sending trainees abroad and accepting foreign trainees here, as well as participating in conferences and other endeavors. While the cost of putting up nuclear medicine centers in the Philippines is still prohibitive, it should not pose too much of a constraint as there are foreign and local parties willing to help. With appropriate instrumentation, targeting radiopharmaceuticals and trained human resources, nuclear medicine can indeed contribute much to health care delivery. PMID:27408901

Die philippinische Diaspora - Migration als Bevölkerungsventil und lokale Entwicklungswirkungen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haub, Olaf

2018-03-01

According to the Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO, 2013), the Philippine diaspora consists of about 10 million Filipinos, which is about 10% of the total population. Of these, just under half are temporary migrant workers (OFWs, Oversea Filipino Workers), with most OFWs working in the Gulf States. With the booming oil industry in the 70s in the Gulf, numerous job opportunities were created at that time. This started the massive migration of Filipino workers to the Gulf States as well as the support of labour migration by the Philippine government. In the meantime, highly qualified workers and professionals from the Philippines are to be found in almost every country and are in demand in numerous fields. The remittances of the OFWs amount to nearly 10% of the gross domestic product and thus make a significant contribution not only to the macroeconomic development but also to poverty alleviation in the country. The coordination and support of the Philippine labour migration has been steadily improving since the 1970s and evolved into a successful system that supports the economy and reduces unemployment. For the employing host countries, the Philippines have long become an indispensable source of labour.

Philippine migration policy: dilemmas of a crisis.

PubMed

Battistella, G

1999-04-01

Philippine migration policy is traced from the early 1970s to the present. The main migration trends in the 1990s are described. An assessment is made of the efficacy and appropriateness of present migration policy in light of the economic crisis. A regional approach to migration policy is necessary in order to encourage placing migration as a greater priority on national agendas and in bilateral agreements. In the Philippines, migrants are considered better paid workers, which diminishes their importance as a legislative or program priority. Santo Tomas (1998) conducted an empirical assessment of migration policies in the Philippines, but refinement is needed. Although migration is a transnational experience, there is little dialogue and cooperation among countries. Philippine migration policy defines its role as an information resource for migrants. Policy shifted from labor export to migrant management in the public and private sectors. Predeparture information program studies are recommending a multi-stage process that would involve all appropriate parties. There is talk of including migration information in the education curriculum. There are a variety of agendas, competing interests, and information resources between migration networks and officiating agencies. The Asian financial crisis may have a mild impact, but there are still issues of reintegration, protection, and employment conditions

Die philippinische Diaspora. Migration als Bevölkerungsventil und lokale Entwicklungswirkungen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haub, Olaf

2018-04-01

According to the Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO, 2013), the Philippine diaspora consists of about 10 million Filipinos, which is about 10% of the total population. Of these, just under half are temporary migrant workers (OFWs, Oversea Filipino Workers), with most OFWs working in the Gulf States. With the booming oil industry in the 70s in the Gulf, numerous job opportunities were created at that time. This started the massive migration of Filipino workers to the Gulf States as well as the support of labour migration by the Philippine government. In the meantime, highly qualified workers and professionals from the Philippines are to be found in almost every country and are in demand in numerous fields. The remittances of the OFWs amount to nearly 10% of the gross domestic product and thus make a significant contribution not only to the macroeconomic development but also to poverty alleviation in the country. The coordination and support of the Philippine labour migration has been steadily improving since the 1970s and evolved into a successful system that supports the economy and reduces unemployment. For the employing host countries, the Philippines have long become an indispensable source of labour.

Bringing electricity reform to the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fe Villamejor-Mendoza, Maria

2008-12-15

Electricity reforms will not translate to competition overnight. But reforms are inching their way forward in institutions and stakeholders of the Philippine electricity industry, through regulatory and competition frameworks, processes, and systems promulgated and implemented. (author)

38 CFR 17.362 - Acceptance of medical supplies as payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.362 Acceptance of medical supplies as payment. Upon request of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, payment for medical and...

38 CFR 17.362 - Acceptance of medical supplies as payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.362 Acceptance of medical supplies as payment. Upon request of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, payment for medical and...

38 CFR 17.362 - Acceptance of medical supplies as payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.362 Acceptance of medical supplies as payment. Upon request of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, payment for medical and...

38 CFR 17.362 - Acceptance of medical supplies as payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.362 Acceptance of medical supplies as payment. Upon request of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, payment for medical and...

38 CFR 17.362 - Acceptance of medical supplies as payment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AFFAIRS MEDICAL Grants to the Republic of the Philippines § 17.362 Acceptance of medical supplies as payment. Upon request of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines, payment for medical and...

78 FR 76411 - Agency Information Collection (Residency Verification Report-Veterans and Survivors) Activity...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-17

...: VA Form Letter 21-914 is use to verify whether Filipino veterans of the Special Philippine Scouts, Commonwealth Army of the Philippines, organized guerilla groups receiving service-connected compensation...

Philippine microplate tectonics and hydrocarbon exploration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gallagher, J.J. Jr.

1986-07-01

Hydrocarbon traps in the Philippine Islands developed during a long, complex history of microplate tectonics. Carbonate and clastic stratigraphic traps formed during Mesozoic and early Cenozoic rifting and drifting. Hydrocarbons, generated in deep rift basins, migrated to the traps during drifting. Later Cenozoic compressional tectonic activity and concomitant faulting enhanced some traps and destroyed others. Seismic data offshore from Palawan Island reveal the early trap histories. Later trap histories can be interpreted from seismic, outcrop, and remote-sensing data. Understanding the microplate tectonic history of the Philippines is the key to interpreting trap histories.

Rice hull energy uses in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Waddle, D.B.

1985-01-01

As a rice producing country, the Philippines produces a tremendous amount of rice hulls which when converted to energy could displace a substantial amount of imported energy. Realizing this possibility needs a thorough evaluation of both resources and demand characteristics of particular industry where immediate applicability of technical option awaits. This document presents the Philippines' past activities in fuelizing rice hulls and future action plans where its economic relevance could be enhanced. Descriptions of four power plants are included with the author's analysis of their probable market impact and projections of future applications.

New Bases for Old: An Unusual View of the Philippine Bases Problem.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-12-01

in the Philippine Islands? They nestle in a country with which we have had (relatively) good relations for almost a century, where the people really...34"- / " ’ -" rr ’- - MALAYSIA . omn, I ’V v.9 s - -, - -300 Figure 1. The Philippines, Geographical Setting 14 -’.’,’?’v:? :9::,:’i’.".i i...be imported. Some sites in Indonesia, Malaysia , Singapore, and Taiwan don’t have the same problems as the small islands, but they pose political

Urban Astronomy in the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Torres, Jesus Rodrigo F.

Astronomy in the Philippines is among the most interesting fields of study according to Filipino students. The science, however, suffers from neglect because most Philippine institutions of higher learning have campuses in urban areas. Common understanding dictates that satisfactory astronomical observations and studies can only be done at dark sites away from urban lights. This study aims to prove that astronomical work can be done even in light-polluted urban settings, and to convince educational policymakers to consider establishing observatories in urban campuses and to offer astronomy as a subject or major.

Non-Traditional Threats and Maritime Domain Awareness in the Tri-Border Area of Southeast Asia: The Coast Watch System of the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

They share close similarities with the Samal , one of 13 Moro ethno- linguistic communities in the southern Philippines.2 Another group, the Bugis...possible 2 Many of the illegal immigrants from the Philippines in Sabah originate from either the Bajau or Samal ethnic group. See “Bajau of Sabah...Maguindanao of Cotabato. In the Sulu archipelago, the main communities are the Tausugs on the island of Jolo, the Yakan of Basilan Island, the Samal in Tawi

Identifying the determinants of childhood immunization in the Philippines.

PubMed

Bondy, Jennifer N; Thind, Amardeep; Koval, John J; Speechley, Kathy N

2009-01-01

A key method of reducing morbidity and mortality is childhood immunization, yet in 2003 only 69% of Filipino children received all suggested vaccinations. Data from the 2003 Philippines Demographic Health Survey were used to identify risk factors for non- and partial-immunization. Results of the multinomial logistic regression analyses indicate that mothers who have less education, and who have not attended the minimally-recommended four antenatal visits are less likely to have fully immunized children. To increase immunization coverage in the Philippines, knowledge transfer to mothers must improve.

Genetic Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Genetically Distinct Rabies Viruses in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Saito, Mariko; Oshitani, Hitoshi; Orbina, Jun Ryan C.; Tohma, Kentaro; de Guzman, Alice S.; Kamigaki, Taro; Demetria, Catalino S.; Manalo, Daria L.; Noguchi, Akira; Inoue, Satoshi; Quiambao, Beatriz P.

2013-01-01

Background Rabies continues to be a major public health problem in the Philippines, where 200–300 human cases were reported annually between 2001 and 2011. Understanding the phylogeography of rabies viruses is important for establishing a more effective and feasible control strategy. Methods We performed a molecular analysis of rabies viruses in the Philippines using rabied animal brain samples. The samples were collected from 11 of 17 regions, which covered three island groups (Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao). Partial nucleoprotein (N) gene sequencing was performed on 57 samples and complete glycoprotein (G) gene sequencing was performed on 235 samples collected between 2004 and 2010. Results The Philippine strains of rabies viruses were included in a distinct phylogenetic cluster, previously named Asian 2b, which appeared to have diverged from the Chinese strain named Asian 2a. The Philippine strains were further divided into three major clades, which were found exclusively in different island groups: clades L, V, and M in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, respectively. Clade L was subdivided into nine subclades (L1–L9) and clade V was subdivided into two subclades (V1 and V2). With a few exceptions, most strains in each subclade were distributed in specific geographic areas. There were also four strains that were divided into two genogroups but were not classified into any of the three major clades, and all four strains were found in the island group of Luzon. Conclusion We detected three major clades and two distinct genogroups of rabies viruses in the Philippines. Our data suggest that viruses of each clade and subclade evolved independently in each area without frequent introduction into other areas. An important implication of these data is that geographically targeted dog vaccination using the island group approach may effectively control rabies in the Philippines. PMID:23593515

Collaborative approaches using traditional and nontraditional providers of women's health care in the Philippines.

PubMed

Recio, D M

1985-01-01

This discussion of collaborative approaches using traditional and nontraditional providers of women's health care in the Philippines identifies common health problems in the Philippines, discusses solutions and strategies adopted by government and nongovernment providers of women's health care, and details the strategies adopted in the Philippines. The traditional providers are the traditional birth attendants, the folk healers, herbalists, faith healers, and the so-called witches and sorcerers, which are not treated in a derogatory manner in the Philippines. This paper deals only with the traditional birth attendants who are women and whose work deals with women's health concerns. The nontraditional type of health care providers, some of whom are nonprofessionals, include those who have been recruited by government and nongovernment organizations. This paper deals only with the nonprofessional health care providers. 2 major types of health problems in the Philippines are discussed. The first of these is the rapid population growth and its ramifications, including growing demands for food, education employment, health services, and shelter. This further indicates that there will be a larger number of undernourished children, a larger number of poor families and so on. Additionally, there are 295 cases of illness per 1000 persons, of which 68% are acute illness, 27% chronic, and 5% disabilities and accidents. The 2nd type of health problem is only health related, i.e., the inequitable distribution of health resources and health personnel. The recruitment of lay health workers was the solution adopted to ease the inequity in distribution of human health resources. Providers of health care in the Philippines generally are recruited to help solve specific health problems of maternal and child care, including family planning, malnutrition, general morbidity, and dispersal of medicines. In the process they help ease the inequitable distribution of health services. The population problem is being solved by several categories of workers: traditional birth attendants; the full-time outreach worker; and barrio supply point officers.

77 FR 17524 - Amended Certification Regarding Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-26

... of these services from Manila, Philippines contributed importantly to worker separations at these..., Philippines. The amended notice applicable to TA-W-80,502 is hereby issued as follows: All workers of Lexis...

75 FR 27856 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-18

..., Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) Code (STCW CONF.2) to be held at the Philippine International Convention Center (PICC), in Manila, The Philippines, from June 21 to June 25, 2010. The primary matters to be...

The 1991 eruptions of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wolfe, Edward W.

1992-01-01

Recognition of the volcanic unrest at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began when steam explosions occurred on April 2, 1991. The unrest culminated ten weeks later in the world's largest eruption in more than half a century. 

Occupational health and safety issues among nurses in the Philippines.

PubMed

de Castro, A B; Cabrera, Suzanne L; Gee, Gilbert C; Fujishiro, Kaori; Tagalog, Eularito A

2009-04-01

Nursing is a hazardous occupation in the United States, but little is known about workplace health and safety issues facing the nursing work force in the Philippines. In this article, work-related problems among a sample of nurses in the Philippines are described. Cross-sectional data were collected through a self-administered survey during the Philippine Nurses Association 2007 convention. Measures included four categories: work-related demographics, occupational injury/illness, reporting behavior, and safety concerns. Approximately 40% of nurses had experienced at least one injury or illness in the past year, and 80% had experienced back pain. Most who had an injury did not report it. The top ranking concerns were stress and overwork. Filipino nurses encounter considerable health and safety concerns that are similar to those encountered by nurses in other countries. Future research should examine the work organization factors that contribute to these concerns and strengthen policies to promote health and safety.

Geothermal development in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Elizagaque, R.F.; Tolentino, B.S.

1982-06-01

The development of geothermal resources and energy in the Philippines is discussed. Philippine National Oil Company-Energy Development Corporation initiated the first semi-commercial generation of geothermal power in July 1977 with the installation of a 3MWe plant. By 1980 the country had 440 MWe on line at Mak-Ban and Tiwi. This placed the Philippines second after the US among countries using geothermal energy for power generation. Before the end of 1981, PNOC-EDC added 6 additional MWe of geothermal power generating capacity to increase the total to 446 MWe. As part of the five-year National Energy Development Programme covering the period 1981-1985,more » additional power plants will be installed in various project areas to increase the share of geothermal power generation from the present 9.8% to 18.6% of the nationwide power-generation total, or the equivalent of 16.6 million barrels of oil per year. (MJF)« less

First report on Babesia vogeli infection in dogs in the Philippines.

PubMed

Ybañez, Adrian P; Ybañez, Rochelle Haidee D; Talle, MaxFrancis G; Liu, Mingming; Moumouni, Paul Franck Adjou; Xuan, Xuenan

2017-02-01

Babesia vogeli is a tick-borne protozoal pathogen that infects erythrocytes. In Southeast Asia, this pathogen has only been reported in Thailand. In this study, nine dogs presented at three different veterinary clinics in Cebu City, Philippines were found positive for B. vogeli. DNA was extracted from blood samples and tested using a PCR for genus Babesia and a PCR specific for B. vogeli (both based on the 18S rRNA gene). Blood smears (triplicate) from each sample were found negative. All positive amplicons were sequenced and were found to be 99.4% identical to registered B. vogeli sequences at Genbank. Phylogenetic analysis revealed monophyletic grouping of Philippine sequences with the registered A. platys Genbank sequences. This is the first report of B. vogeli infection in dogs in the Philippines. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

The role of law in public health: the case of family planning in the Philippines.

PubMed

Mello, Michelle Marie; Powlowski, Marcus; Nañagas, Juan M P; Bossert, Thomas

2006-07-01

Compared to neighboring countries, the Philippines has high fertility rates and a low prevalence of modern-method contraception use. The Philippine government faces political and cultural barriers to addressing family planning needs, but also legal barriers erected by its own policies. We conducted a review of laws and policies relating to family planning in the Philippines in order to examine how the law may facilitate or constrain service provision. The methodology consisted of three phases. First, we collected and analyzed laws and regulations relating to the delivery of family planning services. Second, we conducted a qualitative interview study. Third, we synthesized findings to formulate policy recommendations. We present a conceptual model for understanding the impact of law on public health and discuss findings in relation to the roles of health care provider regulation, drug regulation, tax law, trade policies, insurance law, and other laws on access to modern-method contraceptives.

Modeling Philippine Stock Exchange Composite Index Using Time Series Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gayo, W. S.; Urrutia, J. D.; Temple, J. M. F.; Sandoval, J. R. D.; Sanglay, J. E. A.

2015-06-01

This study was conducted to develop a time series model of the Philippine Stock Exchange Composite Index and its volatility using the finite mixture of ARIMA model with conditional variance equations such as ARCH, GARCH, EG ARCH, TARCH and PARCH models. Also, the study aimed to find out the reason behind the behaviorof PSEi, that is, which of the economic variables - Consumer Price Index, crude oil price, foreign exchange rate, gold price, interest rate, money supply, price-earnings ratio, Producers’ Price Index and terms of trade - can be used in projecting future values of PSEi and this was examined using Granger Causality Test. The findings showed that the best time series model for Philippine Stock Exchange Composite index is ARIMA(1,1,5) - ARCH(1). Also, Consumer Price Index, crude oil price and foreign exchange rate are factors concluded to Granger cause Philippine Stock Exchange Composite Index.

Occupational Health and Safety Issues Among Nurses in the Philippines

PubMed Central

de Castro, A. B.; Cabrera, Suzanne L.; Gee, Gilbert C.; Fujishiro, Kaori; Tagalog, Eularito A.

2009-01-01

Nursing is a hazardous occupation in the United States, but little is known about workplace health and safety issues facing the nursing work force in the Philippines. In this article, work-related problems among a sample of nurses in the Philippines are described. Cross-sectional data were collected through a self-administered survey during the Philippine Nurses Association 2007 convention. Measures included four categories: work-related demographics, occupational injury/illness, reporting behavior, and safety concerns. Approximately 40% of nurses had experienced at least one injury or illness in the past year, and 80% had experienced back pain. Most who had an injury did not report it. The top ranking concerns were stress and overwork. Filipino nurses encounter considerable health and safety concerns that are similar to those encountered by nurses in other countries. Future research should examine the work organization factors that contribute to these concerns and strengthen policies to promote health and safety. PMID:19438081

Delivering diabetes care in the Philippines and Vietnam: policy and practice issues.

PubMed

Beran, David; Higuchi, Michiyo

2013-01-01

The aim of this study is the comparison of 2 studies looking at the barriers to access of diabetes care and medicines in the Philippines and Vietnam. These studies used the Rapid Assessment Protocol for Insulin Access. Diabetes care is provided in specialized facilities and appropriate referral systems are lacking. In Vietnam, no problems were reported with regard to diagnostic tools, whereas this was a concern in the public sector in the Philippines. Both countries had high prices for medicines in comparison to international standards. Availability of medicines was better in Vietnam than in the Philippines, especially with regard to insulin. This affected adherence as did a lack of patient education. As countries aim to provide health care to the majority of their populations through universal coverage, the challenge of diabetes cannot be neglected. Trying to achieve universal coverage in parallel to decentralization, national and local governments need adapted guidance for this.

Basement rocks of Halmahera, eastern Indonesia: Implications for the early history of the Philippine Sea

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hall, R.G.N.; Ballantyne, P.

1990-06-01

The oldest rocks known on Halmahera, eastern Indonesia, are petrologically and chemically similar to supra-subduction ophiolites and include boninitic volcanics resembling those dredged from the Marianas forearc. The age of the ophiolitic rocks is unknown; in east Halmahera they are overlain by Late Cretaceous and Eocene volcanics and associated sediments. Similar volcanics form the basement of western Halmahera. Plutonic rocks intruding the ophiolite and associated metamorphic rocks also yield Late Cretaceous to Eocene radiometric ages. The petrology and chemistry of the igneous rocks indicate an island arc origin. These rocks are locally overlain by shallow-water Eocene limestones and all aremore » overlain unconformably by Neogene sediments. The Halmahera basement rocks have many structural, petrological, and stratigraphic similarities to submarine plateaus of the southern and northern Philippine Sea and basement terranes of the eastern Philippines. The authors suggest that these similarities indicate the existence of an extensive region of Late Cretaceous and Eocene volcanism built upon probable Mesozoic ophiolitic basement. The resultant thickened crust was later fragmented by spreading in the West Philippine Sea Central Basin and backarc spreading in the Eastern Philippine Sea. It is difficult to reconcile the present distribution of these crustal fragments with a linear arc, but equally difficult to propose a simple alternative. A proto-Philippine archipelago, with short-lived arcs separated by small oceanic basins, may be the closest modern analog. The development of younger subduction zones has been influenced by the distribution of thickened crustal fragments as they have re-amalgamated since the Miocene.« less

The genetic structure of Nautilus pompilius populations surrounding Australia and the Philippines.

PubMed

Williams, Rachel C; Jackson, Benjamin C; Duvaux, Ludovic; Dawson, Deborah A; Burke, Terry; Sinclair, William

2015-07-01

Understanding the distribution of genetic diversity in exploited species is fundamental to successful conservation. Genetic structure and the degree of gene flow among populations must be assessed to design appropriate strategies to prevent the loss of distinct populations. The cephalopod Nautilus pompilius is fished unsustainably in the Philippines for the ornamental shell trade and has limited legislative protection, despite the species' recent dramatic decline in the region. Here, we use 14 microsatellite markers to evaluate the population structure of N. pompilius around Australia and the Philippines. Despite their relative geographical proximity, Great Barrier Reef individuals are genetically isolated from Osprey Reef and Shark Reef in the Coral Sea (FST  = 0.312, 0.229, respectively). Conversely, despite the larger geographical distances between the Philippines and west Australian reefs, samples display a small degree of genetic structure (FST  = 0.015). Demographic scenarios modelled using approximate Bayesian computation analysis indicate that this limited divergence is not due to contemporary gene flow between the Philippines and west Australia. Instead, present-day genetic similarity can be explained by very limited genetic drift that has occurred due to large average effective population sizes that persisted at both locations following their separation. The lack of connectivity among populations suggests that immigrants from west Australia would not facilitate natural recolonization if Philippine populations were fished to extinction. These data help to rectify the paucity of information on the species' biology currently inhibiting their conservation classification. Understanding population structure can allow us to facilitate sustainable harvesting, thereby preserving the diversity of genetically distinct stocks. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Serious fungal infections in the Philippines.

PubMed

Batac, M C R; Denning, D

2017-06-01

The Philippines is a low middle-income, tropical country in Southeast Asia. Infectious diseases remain the main causes of morbidity, including tuberculosis. AIDS/HIV prevalence is still low at <1%, but is rapidly increasing. Fungal disease surveillance has not been done, and its burden has never been estimated. This becomes more important as the population of immunocompromised patients increases, drawn from patients with AIDS, TB, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases requiring chronic steroid use. Using the methodology of the LIFE program ( www.LIFE-worldwide.org ), estimates were derived from data gathered from WHO, UNAIDS, Philippine Health Statistics 2011, Philippine Dermatological Society Health Information System database, HIV/AIDS and ART registry of the Philippines, epidemiological studies such as The TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database 2005, and personal communication. Aspergillosis and candidiasis were the top causes of fungal infections in the Philippines. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), drawn from the number of tuberculosis patients, affects 77,172 people. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS) frequencies, which were derived from the number of asthmatic patients, affect 121,113 and 159,869 respectively. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects 1,481,899 women. Other estimates were cryptococcal meningitis 84, Pneumocystis pneumonia 391, oral candidiasis 3,467, esophageal candidiasis 1,522 (all in HIV-infected people), invasive aspergillosis (IA) 3,085, candidemia 1,968, candida peritonitis 246, mucormycosis 20, fungal keratitis 358, tinea capitis 846 and mycetoma 97 annually. A total of 1,852,137 (1.9% of population) are afflicted with a serious fungal infection. Epidemiological studies are needed to validate these estimates, facilitating appropriate medical care of patients and proper prioritization of limited resources.

Linking Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC): the case for the Philippines.

PubMed

Miguel-Baquilod, Marina; Fishburn, Burke; Warren, Charles W; Jones, Nathan R; Asma, Samira

2008-09-01

The purpose of this paper is to present data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in the Philippines in 2000 and 2003 which can be used as baseline measures to monitor provisions of the 2003 Tobacco Regulatory Act and Articles of the WHO FCTC. The GYTS is a school-based survey which uses a two-stage sample design to produce representative, independent, cross-sectional estimates. In both 2000 and 2003, the GYTS was conducted in three geographic zones in the Philippines. The zones are then combined to produce a representative national estimate each year. Data in this report are limited to students aged 13-15 years. The findings in this study show that in the Philippines changes occurred between 2000 and 2003 in that: students were less likely to smoke cigarettes or use other tobacco products, less likely to be exposed to SHS in public places, more likely to support bans on smoking in public places, more likely to have learned in school and from the media about the health hazards of tobacco use, and less likely to have been offered "free" cigarettes by a tobacco company representative. The synergy between the Philippines' leadership in passing the Clean Air Act in 1999 and the Tobacco Regulatory Air in 2003, in ratifying the WHO FCTC in 2005, and in supporting the conduct of the GYTS offers the Philippines a unique opportunity to develop, implement and evaluate the youth component of their comprehensive tobacco control policy that can be most helpful to the country.

Philippines Country Analysis Brief

EIA Publications

2014-01-01

The Philippines is a net energy importer in spite of low consumption levels relative to its Southeast Asian neighbors. The country produces small volumes of oil, natural gas, and coal. Geothermal, hydropower, and other renewable sources constitute a significant share of electricity generation.

A new species of the genus Colilodion Besuchet, 1991 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Mindanao, the Philippines.

PubMed

HlavÁČ, Peter; VondrÁČek, Dominik; Mohagan, Alma B

2018-01-15

Colilodion colongi sp. nov. of the clavigerite ant-loving beetle from Mindanao, the Philippines is described, illustrated, and distinguished from related species. The distribution map for all known species is given.

38 CFR 14.616 - Form and place of filing claim.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... applicable to the claim. (b) Place of filing claim. Claims arising in the Philippines under 38 U.S.C. 515(b... the Philippines. Claims arising in other foreign countries will be filed with the American Embassy or...

48 CFR 37.113-1 - Waiver of cost allowability limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... a DOD service contract in the Republic of the Philippines, if the discontinuation of the foreign... the Philippines (section 1351(b) of Public Law 102-484, 10 U.S.C. 1592, note). [60 FR 42661, Aug. 16...

48 CFR 37.113-1 - Waiver of cost allowability limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... a DOD service contract in the Republic of the Philippines, if the discontinuation of the foreign... the Philippines (section 1351(b) of Public Law 102-484, 10 U.S.C. 1592, note). [60 FR 42661, Aug. 16...

38 CFR 14.616 - Form and place of filing claim.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... applicable to the claim. (b) Place of filing claim. Claims arising in the Philippines under 38 U.S.C. 515(b... the Philippines. Claims arising in other foreign countries will be filed with the American Embassy or...

48 CFR 37.113-1 - Waiver of cost allowability limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... a DOD service contract in the Republic of the Philippines, if the discontinuation of the foreign... the Philippines (section 1351(b) of Public Law 102-484, 10 U.S.C. 1592, note). [60 FR 42661, Aug. 16...

48 CFR 37.113-1 - Waiver of cost allowability limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... a DOD service contract in the Republic of the Philippines, if the discontinuation of the foreign... the Philippines (section 1351(b) of Public Law 102-484, 10 U.S.C. 1592, note). [60 FR 42661, Aug. 16...

38 CFR 14.616 - Form and place of filing claim.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... applicable to the claim. (b) Place of filing claim. Claims arising in the Philippines under 38 U.S.C. 515(b... the Philippines. Claims arising in other foreign countries will be filed with the American Embassy or...

38 CFR 14.616 - Form and place of filing claim.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... applicable to the claim. (b) Place of filing claim. Claims arising in the Philippines under 38 U.S.C. 515(b... the Philippines. Claims arising in other foreign countries will be filed with the American Embassy or...

48 CFR 37.113-1 - Waiver of cost allowability limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... a DOD service contract in the Republic of the Philippines, if the discontinuation of the foreign... the Philippines (section 1351(b) of Public Law 102-484, 10 U.S.C. 1592, note). [60 FR 42661, Aug. 16...

38 CFR 14.616 - Form and place of filing claim.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... applicable to the claim. (b) Place of filing claim. Claims arising in the Philippines under 38 U.S.C. 515(b... the Philippines. Claims arising in other foreign countries will be filed with the American Embassy or...

Preventing War: Special Operations Engagement in Support of Security Sector Reform

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-04

This study analyzes recent special operations engagement in Mali and the Philippines . Through that analysis, enduring engagement, special......recent special operations engagement in Mali and the Philippines . Through that analysis, enduring engagement, special operation engagement campaigns

Presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in water samples from Southeast Asia: towards an integrated water detection system.

PubMed

Kumar, Thulasi; Abd Majid, Mohamad Azlan; Onichandran, Subashini; Jaturas, Narong; Andiappan, Hemah; Salibay, Cristina C; Tabo, Hazel A L; Tabo, Norbel; Dungca, Julieta Z; Tangpong, Jitbanjong; Phiriyasamith, Sucheep; Yuttayong, Boonyaorn; Polseela, Raxsina; Do, Binh Nhu; Sawangjaroen, Nongyao; Tan, Tian-Chye; Lim, Yvonne A L; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot

2016-01-13

Access to clean and safe drinking water that is free from pathogenic protozoan parasites, especially Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans, is still an issue in Southeast Asia (SEA). This study is the first attempt to detect the aforementioned protozoan parasites in water samples from countries in SEA, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. A total of 221 water samples of 10 l each were collected between April and October 2013 from Malaysia (53), Thailand (120), the Philippines (33), and Vietnam (15). A physicochemical analysis was conducted. The water samples were processed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency's methods 1622/1623.1, microscopically observed and subsequently screened using qPCR assays. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10), with a concentration of 0.06 ± 0.19 oocyst/L, and untreated water samples from Thailand (25/93), Malaysia (17/44), and the Philippines (11/23), with concentrations ranging from 0.13 ± 0.18 to 0.57 ± 1.41 oocyst/L. Giardia cysts were found in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10), with a concentration of 0.02 ± 0.06 cyst/L, and in untreated water samples from Thailand (20/93), Vietnam (5/10), Malaysia (22/44), and the Philippines (16/23), with concentrations ranging from 0.12 ± 0.3 to 8.90 ± 19.65 cyst/L. The pathogens C. parvum and G. lamblia were detected using using qPCR assays by targeting the 138-bp fragment and the small subunit gene, respectively. C. parvum was detected in untreated water samples from the Philippines (1/23) and Malaysia (2/44), whilst, G. lamblia detected was detected in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10) and in untreated water samples from Thailand (21/93), Malaysia (12/44), and the Philippines (17/23). Nitrate concentration was found to have a high positive correlation with (oo)cyst (0.993). The presence of (oo)cysts in the water samples means that there is potential risk for zoonotic disease transmission in the studied countries. Detection using qPCR is feasible for quantifying both pathogenic C. parvum and G. lamblia in large water samples.

Positive implications from socially accountable, community-engaged medical education across two Philippines regions.

PubMed

Woolley, Torres; Cristobal, Fortunato; Siega-Sur, Jusie; Ross, Simone; Neusy, Andre-Jacques; Halili, Servando; Reeve, Carole

2018-02-01

Hundreds of millions of people worldwide lack access to quality health services, largely because of geographic and socioeconomic maldistribution of qualified practitioners. This study describes differences between the practice locations of Philippines medical graduates from two 'socially accountable, community-engaged' health professional education (SAHPE) schools and the practice locations of graduates from two 'conventionally trained' medical schools located in the same respective geographic regions. Licensed medical graduates were currently practising in the Philippines and had been practising for at least 6 months. Graduates were from two Philippines SAHPE schools (Ateneo de Zamboanga University-School of Medicine (ADZU-SOM) on the Zamboanga Peninsula (n=212) and the University of the Philippines Manila-School of Health Sciences (SHS-Palo) in Eastern Visayas (n=71), and from two 'conventional' medical schools Methods: Current graduate practice locations in municipalities or cities were linked with their respective population size and socioeconomic income class, and geocoded using Geographical Information System software onto a geospatial map of the Philippines. Bivariate analysis compared the population size and socioeconomic class of communities where the SAHPE medical graduates practised to communities where 'conventional' medical school graduates practised. Thirty-one percent of ADZU-SOM medical graduates practised in communities <100 000 population versus 7% of graduates from the conventional school in the Zamboanga region (p<0.001), while 61% of SHS-Palo medical graduates practised in communities <100 000 population versus 12% of graduates from the conventional school in the Visayas region (p<0.001). Twenty-seven percent of ADZU-SOM graduates practised in lower income category communities (categories 2-6) versus 8% of graduates from the conventional school in the same region (p<0.001), while 49% of SHS-Palo graduates practised in lower income category communities (categories 2-6) versus 11% of graduates from the conventional school in the same region (p<0.001). SAHPE has contributed to increased medical coverage across rural and/or economically disadvantaged areas in two Philippines regions. The extensive community-based medical student placements associated with SAHPE likely play a significant role in graduates choosing to practice in rural and/or economically disadvantaged communities. Governments experiencing medical workforce maldistributions similar to those in the Philippines should consider SAHPE as a potentially cost-effective strategy in recruiting and retaining health graduates to underserved areas.

Mathematics in Tribal Philippines and Other Societies in the South Pacific.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee-Chua, Queena N.

2001-01-01

Investigates mathematics in the societies of Southeast Asia and the South Pacific with special focus on the Philippines. Presents mathematical practices such as counting and measurement, time, geometry, and logic, in ancient and present day times. (KHR)

76 FR 32372 - Notice of Receipt of Complaint; Solicitation of Comments Relating to the Public Interest

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-06

... Rica S.A. of Costa Rica, Intel Malaysia Sdn. Bhd of Malaysia, Intel (Philippines) of the Philippines... any public health, safety, or welfare concerns in the United States relating to the potential orders...

38 CFR 3.804 - Special allowance under 38 U.S.C. 1312.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... due to service rendered with the Commonwealth Army of the Philippines while such forces were in the... due to service in the Philippine Scouts under section 14, Pub. L. 190, 79th Congress. (c) A claim for...

26 CFR 31.3402(f)(1)-1 - Withholding exemptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

...) is a child of the employee born to him, or legally adopted by him, in the Philippine Islands before January 1, 1956, and the child is a resident of the Republic of the Philippines, and the employee was a...

38 CFR 3.804 - Special allowance under 38 U.S.C. 1312.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... due to service rendered with the Commonwealth Army of the Philippines while such forces were in the... due to service in the Philippine Scouts under section 14, Pub. L. 190, 79th Congress. (c) A claim for...

38 CFR 3.804 - Special allowance under 38 U.S.C. 1312.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... due to service rendered with the Commonwealth Army of the Philippines while such forces were in the... due to service in the Philippine Scouts under section 14, Pub. L. 190, 79th Congress. (c) A claim for...

38 CFR 3.804 - Special allowance under 38 U.S.C. 1312.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... due to service rendered with the Commonwealth Army of the Philippines while such forces were in the... due to service in the Philippine Scouts under section 14, Pub. L. 190, 79th Congress. (c) A claim for...

Studies in Philippine Languages and Cultures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brainard, Sherri, Ed.

2001-01-01

This issue of Studies in Philippine Languages and Cultures contains the following articles: "Functions of Locatives in Northern Subanen Expository and Hortatory Discourse" (Josephine Sanicas-Daguman); "Functions of Demonstratives in Sama Bangingi' Expository Discourse" (John Blakely); "A Brief Look at Sinama Basic Verbs…

Serologic evidence of Lyssavirus infections among bats, the Philippines.

PubMed

Arguin, Paul M; Murray-Lillibridge, Kristy; Miranda, Mary E G; Smith, Jean S; Calaor, Alan B; Rupprecht, Charles E

2002-03-01

Active surveillance for lyssaviruses was conducted among populations of bats in the Philippines. The presence of past or current Lyssavirus infection was determined by use of direct fluorescent antibody assays on bat brains and virus neutralization assays on bat sera. Although no bats were found to have active infection with a Lyssavirus, 22 had evidence of neutralizing antibody against the Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV). Seropositivity was statistically associated with one species of bat, Miniopterus schreibersi. Results from the virus neutralization assays are consistent with the presence in the Philippines of a naturally occurring Lyssavirus related to ABLV.

Serologic Evidence of Lyssavirus Infections among Bats, the Philippines

PubMed Central

Murray-Lillibridge, Kristy; Miranda, Mary E.G.; Smith, Jean S.; Calaor, Alan B.; Rupprecht, Charles E.

2002-01-01

Active surveillance for lyssaviruses was conducted among populations of bats in the Philippines. The presence of past or current Lyssavirus infection was determined by use of direct fluorescent antibody assays on bat brains and virus neutralization assays on bat sera. Although no bats were found to have active infection with a Lyssavirus, 22 had evidence of neutralizing antibody against the Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV). Seropositivity was statistically associated with one species of bat, Miniopterus schreibersi. Results from the virus neutralization assays are consistent with the presence in the Philippines of a naturally occurring Lyssavirus related to ABLV. PMID:11927022

Combined cycle comes to the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-03-01

The first combined cycle power station in the Philippines has gone into operation at National Power Corporation`s (NPC) Limay Bataan site, some 40 km west of Manila. The plant comprises two 300 MW blocks in 3+3+1 configuration, based on ABB Type GT11N gas turbines. It was built by a consortium of ABB, with their Japanese licensee Kawasaki Heavy Industries, and Marubeni Corporation. This paper discusses Philippine power production, design and operation of the Limay Bataan plant, and conversion of an existing turbine of the nuclear plant project that was abandoned earlier, into a combined cycle operation. 6 figs.

Decentralization, democratization, and health: the Philippine experiment.

PubMed

Langran, Irene V

2011-01-01

In 1991, the Philippines joined a growing list of countries that reformed health planning through decentralization. Reformers viewed decentralization as a tool that would solve multiple problems, leading to more meaningful democracy and more effective health planning. Today, nearly two decades after the passage of decentralization legislation, questions about the effectiveness of the reforms persist. Inadequate financing, inequity, and a lack of meaningful participation remain challenges, in many ways mirroring broader weaknesses of Philippine democracy. These concerns pose questions regarding the nature of contemporary decentralization, democratization, and health planning and whether these three strategies are indeed mutually enforcing.

Tuberculosis attributed to household contacts in the Philippines.

PubMed

Sia, I G; Orillaza, R B; St Sauver, J L; Quelapio, I D; Lahr, B D; Alcañeses, R S; Wilson, W R; Cockerill, F R; Balane, G I; Mangubat, N V; Wengenack, N L; Tupasi, T E

2010-01-01

Data on the burden of disease from tuberculosis (TB) in Filipino households are limited. To determine the magnitude of undiagnosed TB in TB households, and the demographic and socio-economic factors associated with TB in the Philippines, household contacts of adult smear-positive TB patients seen from July 2001 to June 2003 were assessed based on interview, chest X-ray, tuberculin skin test and sputum examination. History of TB and older age were independently associated with TB disease, and age and duration of cohabitation with TB infection. TB and TB infection are highly prevalent in TB households in the Philippines.

Evolutionary relationships of flying foxes (genus Pteropus) in the Philippines inferred from DNA sequences of cytochrome b gene.

PubMed

Bastian, S T; Tanaka, K; Anunciado, R V P; Natural, N G; Sumalde, A C; Namikawa, T

2002-04-01

Six flying fox species, genus Pteropus (four from the Philippines) were investigated using complete cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 bp) to infer their evolutionary relationships. The DNA sequences generated via polymerase chain reaction were analyzed using the neighbor-joining, parsimony, and maximum likelihood methods. We estimated that the first evolutionary event among these Pteropus species occurred approximately 13.90 +/- 1.49 MYA. Within this short period of evolutionary time we further hypothesized that the ancestors of the flying foxes found in the Philippines experienced a subsequent diversification forming two clusters in the topology. The first cluster is composed of P. pumilus (Philippine endemic), P. speciosus (restricted in western Mindanao) with P. scapulatus, while the second one comprised P. vampyrus and P. dasymallus species based on the analysis from first and second codon positions. Consistently, all phylogenetic analyses divulged close association of P. dasymallus with P. vampyrus contradicting the previous report categorizing P. dasymallus under subniger species group with P. pumilus. P. speciosus, and P. hypomelanus. The Philippine endemic species (P. pumilus) is closely linked with P. speciosus. The representative samples of P. vampyrus showed a large genetic distance of 1.87%. The large genetic distance between P. dasymallus and P. hypomelanus, P. pumilus and P. speciosus denotes a distinct species group.

Government officials' representation of nurses and migration in the Philippines.

PubMed

Masselink, Leah E; Daniel Lee, Shoou-Yih

2013-01-01

During the past few decades, the nursing workforce has been in crisis in the United States and around the world. Many health care organizations in developed countries recruit nurses from other countries to maintain acceptable staffing levels. The Philippines is the centre of a large, mostly private nursing education sector and an important supplier of nurses worldwide, despite its weak domestic health system and uneven distribution of health workers. This situation suggests a dilemma faced by developing countries that train health professionals for overseas markets: how do government officials balance competing interests in overseas health professionals' remittances and the need for well-qualified health professional workforces in domestic health systems? This study uses case studies of two recent controversies in nursing education and migration to examine how Philippine government officials represent nurses when nurse migration is the subject of debate. The study finds that Philippine government officials cast nurses as global rather than domestic providers of health care, implicating them in development more as sources of remittance income than for their potential contributions to the country's health care system. This orientation is motivated not simply by the desire for remittance revenues, but also as a way to cope with overproduction and lack of domestic opportunities for nurses in the Philippines.

The amphibians and reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines, VIII: the herpetofauna of Cagayan and Isabela Provinces, northern Sierra Madre Mountain Range

PubMed Central

Brown, Rafe M.; Siler, Cameron D.; Oliveros, Carl. H; Welton, Luke J.; Rock, Ashley; Swab, John; Weerd, Merlijn Van; van Beijnen, Jonah; Jose, Edgar; Rodriguez, Dominic; Jose, Edmund; Diesmos, Arvin C.

2013-01-01

Abstract We provide the first report on the herpetological biodiversity (amphibians and reptiles) of the northern Sierra Madre Mountain Range (Cagayan and Isabela provinces), northeast Luzon Island, Philippines. New data from extensive previously unpublished surveys in the Municipalities of Gonzaga, Gattaran, Lasam, Santa Ana, and Baggao (Cagayan Province), as well as fieldwork in the Municipalities of Cabagan, San Mariano, and Palanan (Isabela Province), combined with all available historical museum records, suggest this region is quite diverse. Our new data indicate that at least 101 species are present (29 amphibians, 30 lizards, 35 snakes, two freshwater turtles, three marine turtles, and two crocodilians) and now represented with well-documented records and/or voucher specimens, confirmed in institutional biodiversity repositories. A high percentage of Philippine endemic species constitute the local fauna (approximately 70%). The results of this and other recent studies signify that the herpetological diversity of the northern Philippines is far more diverse than previously imagined. Thirty-eight percent of our recorded species are associated with unresolved taxonomic issues (suspected new species or species complexes in need of taxonomic partitioning). This suggests that despite past and present efforts to comprehensively characterize the fauna, the herpetological biodiversity of the northern Philippines is still substantially underestimated and warranting of further study. PMID:23653519

Philippine geothermal resources: General geological setting and development

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Datuin, R.T.; Troncales, A.C.

1986-01-01

The Phillippine Archipelago has a composite geologic structure arising from the multi-stage development of volcanic-tectonic events evidenced by volcanism and seismic activity occurring along the active blocks of the major structural lines which traverse most of the major islands of the Phillipines. The widespread volcanic activity located along the active tectonic block has generated regions of high heat flow, where a vast number of potential rich geothermal resources could be exploited as an alternative source of energy. As part of a systematic geothermal development program launched by the Philippine government after the successful pilot study at the Tiwi geothermal fieldmore » in 1967 by the Commission on Volcanology (now called the Philippine Institute of Volcanology-PIV), the Philippines developed four geothermal fields in the period 1972-84. These four areas, Tiwi in Albay, Mak-Ban in Laguna, Tongonan in Leyte, and Palinpinon in Southern Negros, have already contributed 891 MW installed capacity to the total electrical power supply of the country, which is mainly dependent on oil resources. The Philippines envisaged that, with its accelerated geothermal energy programme, it would be able to achieve its target of reducing the country's dependence on imported fossil fuel by about 20% within the next decade through the utilization of its vast geothermal energy resources.« less

The amphibians and reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines, VIII: the herpetofauna of Cagayan and Isabela Provinces, northern Sierra Madre Mountain Range.

PubMed

Brown, Rafe M; Siler, Cameron D; Oliveros, Carl H; Welton, Luke J; Rock, Ashley; Swab, John; Weerd, Merlijn Van; van Beijnen, Jonah; Jose, Edgar; Rodriguez, Dominic; Jose, Edmund; Diesmos, Arvin C

2013-01-01

We provide the first report on the herpetological biodiversity (amphibians and reptiles) of the northern Sierra Madre Mountain Range (Cagayan and Isabela provinces), northeast Luzon Island, Philippines. New data from extensive previously unpublished surveys in the Municipalities of Gonzaga, Gattaran, Lasam, Santa Ana, and Baggao (Cagayan Province), as well as fieldwork in the Municipalities of Cabagan, San Mariano, and Palanan (Isabela Province), combined with all available historical museum records, suggest this region is quite diverse. Our new data indicate that at least 101 species are present (29 amphibians, 30 lizards, 35 snakes, two freshwater turtles, three marine turtles, and two crocodilians) and now represented with well-documented records and/or voucher specimens, confirmed in institutional biodiversity repositories. A high percentage of Philippine endemic species constitute the local fauna (approximately 70%). The results of this and other recent studies signify that the herpetological diversity of the northern Philippines is far more diverse than previously imagined. Thirty-eight percent of our recorded species are associated with unresolved taxonomic issues (suspected new species or species complexes in need of taxonomic partitioning). This suggests that despite past and present efforts to comprehensively characterize the fauna, the herpetological biodiversity of the northern Philippines is still substantially underestimated and warranting of further study.

Price deflation and the underground organ economy in the Philippines.

PubMed

Mendoza, Roger Lee

2011-03-01

This is the first in-depth study of the illicit human organ trade in the Philippines. The question for analytical investigation is why the underground organ commerce thrives, despite meager support and compensation for commercial donors (or vendors). Quantitative survey results were obtained from a probability sample of living Filipino kidney vendors (P = 0.95; α = 0.05). The kidney trade was studied because it has the highest level of demand among all tradeable human organs in the Philippines and globally. The study finds that deflated vendor compensation, lower than global kidney purchase prices, and relative stability in kidney supply obtain from a combination of the socio-economic characteristics of Filipino vendors and the asymmetric information available to them. The high degree of ambiguity and continuity between legitimate organ donations and underground buy-and-sell operations poses major challenges to effective regulation and law enforcement on the part of the Philippine government. Any reform effort will need to effectively address the fine distinction between two different but overlapping organ procurement markets, and brokered trading, with minimal transaction costs, based on asymmetric information. Policy lessons and insights from the Philippine experience that are transferable to other countries, particularly in the developing world, are noted in this study.

Molecular Evolution of Enterovirus 68 Detected in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Imamura, Tadatsugu; Suzuki, Akira; Lupisan, Socorro; Okamoto, Michiko; Aniceto, Rapunzel; Egos, Rutchie J.; Daya, Edgardo E.; Tamaki, Raita; Saito, Mariko; Fuji, Naoko; Roy, Chandra Nath; Opinion, Jaime M.; Santo, Arlene V.; Macalalad, Noel G.; Tandoc, Amado; Sombrero, Lydia; Olveda, Remigio; Oshitani, Hitoshi

2013-01-01

Background Detection of Enterovirus 68 (EV68) has recently been increased. However, underlying evolutionary mechanism of this increasing trend is not fully understood. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 5,240 patients with acute respiratory infections in the Philippines from June 2009 to December 2011. EV68 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting for 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR), viral protein 1 (VP1), and VP4/VP2. Phylogenetic trees were generated using the obtained sequences. Results Of the 5,240 tested samples, 12 EV68 positive cases were detected between August and December in 2011 (detection rate, 0.23%). The detection rate was higher among inpatients than outpatients (p<0.0001). Among VP1 sequences detected from 7 patients in 2011, 5 in lineage 2 were diverged from those detected in the Philippines in 2008, however, 2 in lineage 3 were not diverged from strains detected in the Philippines in 2008 but closely associated with strains detected in the United States. Combined with our previous report, EV68 occurrences were observed twice in the Philippines within the last four years. Conclusions EV68 detections might be occurring in cyclic patterns, and viruses might have been maintained in the community while some strains might have been newly introduced. PMID:24073203

Molecular detection and characterization of Theileria species in the Philippines.

PubMed

Belotindos, Lawrence P; Lazaro, Jonathan V; Villanueva, Marvin A; Mingala, Claro N

2014-09-01

Theileriosis is a tick-borne disease of domestic and wild animals that cause devastating economic loss in livestock in tropical and subtropical regions. Theileriosis is not yet documented in the Philippines as compared to babesiosis and anaplasmosis which are considered major tick-borne diseases that infect livestock in the country and contribute major losses to the livestock industry. The study was aimed to detect Theileria sp. at genus level in blood samples of cattle using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Specifically, it determined the phylogenetic relationship of Theileria species affecting cattle in the Philippines to other Theileria sp. registered in the GenBank. A total of 292 blood samples of cattle that were collected from various provinces were used. Theileria sp. was detected in 43/292 from the cattle blood samples using PCR assay targeting the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene. DNA sequence showed high similarity (90-99%) among the reported Theileria sp. isolates in the GenBank and the Philippine isolates of Theileria. Phylogenetic tree construction using nucleotide sequence classified the Philippine isolates of Theileria as benign. However, nucleotide polymorphism was observed in the new isolate based on nucleotide sequence alignment. It revealed that the new isolate can be a new species of Theileria.

Developing Astronomy Research and Education in the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sese, R. M. D.; Kouwenhoven, M. B. N. Thijs

2015-03-01

In the past few years, the Philippines has been gradually developing its research and educational capabilities in astronomy and astrophysics. In terms of astronomy development, it is still lagging behind several neighboring Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia, while it is advanced with respect to several others. One of the main issues hampering progress is the scarcity of trained professional Filipino astronomers, as well as long-term visions for astronomy development. Here, we will be presenting an overview of astronomy education and research in the country. We will discuss the history and current status of astronomy in the Philippines, including all levels of education, outreach and awareness activities, as well as potential areas for research and collaborations. We also discuss issues that need to be addressed to ensure sustainable astronomy development in the Philippines. Finally, we discuss several ongoing and future programs aimed at promoting astronomy research and education. In essence, the work is a precursor of a possible white paper which we envision to submit to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) in the near future, with which we aim to further convince the authorities of the importance of astrophysics. With the support of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), this may eventually lead to the creation of a separate astronomy agency in the Philippines.

38 CFR 17.351 - Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Philippines § 17.351 Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center. Grants to assist the Republic of the Philippines in the replacement and upgrading of equipment and in...

38 CFR 17.351 - Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Philippines § 17.351 Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center. Grants to assist the Republic of the Philippines in the replacement and upgrading of equipment and in...

38 CFR 17.351 - Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Philippines § 17.351 Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center. Grants to assist the Republic of the Philippines in the replacement and upgrading of equipment and in...

38 CFR 17.351 - Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Philippines § 17.351 Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center. Grants to assist the Republic of the Philippines in the replacement and upgrading of equipment and in...

38 CFR 17.351 - Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Philippines § 17.351 Grants for the replacement and upgrading of equipment at Veterans Memorial Medical Center. Grants to assist the Republic of the Philippines in the replacement and upgrading of equipment and in...

Shaded Relief with Height as Color, Manila Bay, Philippines

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-07-11

These two images show exactly the same area, Manila Bay and nearby volcanoes on Luzon Island in the Philippines. The image on the left was created using the best global topographic data set previously available, the U.S. Geological Survey GTOPO30.

Conceptual Information Retrieval.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

A240 R I SS BYL U V CZC AM-PAL SKED 8 -18 -------- BY FERNANDO DEL MUNDO MANILA, PHILIPPINES (UPI)-A bomb exploded aboard a Philippine Airlines jetliner...understandinq Natural Lanquaqe, auto - matically organizing and reorqanizinq their memories, and usinq intelliqent heuristics for searching their memories

7 CFR 319.56-58 - Bananas from the Philippines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...; Rastrococcus invadens (Williams), the mango mealybug; and Rastrococcus spinosus (Robinson), the Philippine mango mealybug. (a) General requirements. (1) The national plant protection organization (NPPO) of the... to the United States. (e) Harvesting requirements. (1) Bananas must be harvested at a hard green...

Overview of devolution of health services in the Philippines.

PubMed

Grundy, J; Healy, V; Gorgolon, L; Sandig, E

2003-01-01

In 1991 the Philippines Government introduced a major devolution of national government services, which included the first wave of health sector reform, through the introduction of the Local Government Code of 1991. The Code devolved basic services for agriculture extension, forest management, health services, barangay (township) roads and social welfare to Local Government Units. In 1992, the Philippines Government devolved the management and delivery of health services from the National Department of Health to locally elected provincial, city and municipal governments. The aim of this review is to (i) Provide a background to the introduction of devolution to the health system in the Philippines and to (ii) describe the impact of devolution on the structure and functioning of the health system in defined locations. International literature was reviewed on the subjects of decentralization. Rapid appraisals of health management systems were conducted in both provinces. Additional data were accessed from the rural health information system and previous consultant reports. Subsequent to the introduction of devolution, quality and coverage of health services declined in some locations, particularly in rural and remote areas. It was found that in 1992-1997, system effects included a breakdown in management systems between levels of government, declining utilization particularly in the hospital sector, poor staff morale, a decline in maintenance of infrastructure and under financing of operational costs of services. The aim of decentralization is to widen decision-making space of middle level managers, enhance resource allocations from central to peripheral areas and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of health services management. The findings of the historical review of devolution in the Philippines reveals some consistencies with the international literature, which describe some negative effects of decentralization, and provide a rationale for the Philippines in undertaking a second wave of reform in order to 'make devolution work'.

Philippines.

PubMed

1986-08-01

The Philippines is an archipelago of 7100 islands and islets, 11 of which compose about 95% of the total area and population. The majority of the Filipinos are descendants of Indonesians and Malays. Approximately 90% of the population are Christian with the majority of the remaining 10% being Moslems. In the 1960s, the annual population growth rate was roughly 3%, but it fell to 2.4% in the late 1970s and was still 2.4% in 1985. In 1970, President Marcos implemented an official family planning policy to reduce the high growth rate and thereby stimulate economic development. A population commission coordinates family planning efforts. Both the Spanish (1521-1898) and the United States (1898-1946) have ruled the Philippines with a brief occupation by the Japanese (1942-1945). The US assisted in the reconstruction of the economy following World War II and continues to maintain and operate military bases. Further, from 1946-1986, the Philippines has received $3.7 billion in economic and military assistance from the US. The government operated under a constitutional democracy from 1946-1972, but in 1972 President Marcos declared martial law. In 1981, martial law ended and Marcos called for a presidential election. After winning the election, he called for an amendment of the 1972 constitution making him, rather than the prime minister, the head of government. Even though martial law ended in 1981, the Marcos government retained its wide powers to arrest and detain anyone. In February 1986, popular support backed by a peaceful civilian-military uprising brought Corazon Aquino to the Presidency. In the mid 1980s a severe economic recession hit the Philippines with the real GNP growth rate ranging from -5.3%-0%. The Philippines have diplomatic relations with the south east Asian nations, many East Bloc nations, the US, China, Cuba, and the Soviet Union.

A new species of limestone karst inhabiting forest frog, genus Platymantis (Amphibia: Anura: Ceratobatrachidae: subgenus Lupacolus) from southern Luzon Island, Philippines.

PubMed

Brown, Rafe M; De Layola, Louise Abigail; Lorenzo, Antonio; Diesmos, Mae Lowe L; Diesmos, Arvin C

2015-11-25

We describe a new species of limestone karst dwelling forest frog of the genus Platymantis from the Quezon Protected Landscape in southeastern Luzon Island, Philippines. We assign Platymantis quezoni, sp. nov., to the diverse assemblage of terrestrial species in the Platymantis dorsalis Group, subgenus Lupacolus on the basis of its body size and proportions, only slightly expanded terminal discs of the fingers and toes, and its terrestrial microhabitat. The new species is distinguished from these and all other Philippine congeners by features of its external morphology, its restriction to a distinctive limestone karst microhabitat, and its advertisement call, which is unique among frogs of the family Ceratobatrachidae. Several distinguishing morphological characters include its moderate body size (22.1-33.9 mm SVL for 16 adult males and 32.4-39.7 mm SVL for five adult females), slightly expanded terminal discs of the fingers and toes, smooth skin with limited dermal tuberculation, and a dorsal color pattern of mottled tan to dark brown with black blotches. The new species is the sixth Philippine Platymantis known to occur exclusively on limestone karst substrates (previously known karst-obligate species include: P. bayani, P. biak, P. insulatus, P. paengi, and P. speleaus). Recently accelerated discovery of limestone karst anurans across the Philippines suggests that numerous additional species may await discovery on the hundreds of scattered karst formations throughout the archipelago. This possibility suggests that a major conservation priority in coming years will be to study, characterize, describe, and preserve the endemic species supported by this patchy, unique and imperiled type of forest ecosystem in the Philippines.

Simultaneous comparison and assessment of eight remotely sensed maps of Philippine forests

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Estoque, Ronald C.; Pontius, Robert G.; Murayama, Yuji; Hou, Hao; Thapa, Rajesh B.; Lasco, Rodel D.; Villar, Merlito A.

2018-05-01

This article compares and assesses eight remotely sensed maps of Philippine forest cover in the year 2010. We examined eight Forest versus Non-Forest maps reclassified from eight land cover products: the Philippine Land Cover, the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Land Cover, the Landsat Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF), the MODIS VCF, the MODIS Land Cover Type product (MCD12Q1), the Global Tree Canopy Cover, the ALOS-PALSAR Forest/Non-Forest Map, and the GlobeLand30. The reference data consisted of 9852 randomly distributed sample points interpreted from Google Earth. We created methods to assess the maps and their combinations. Results show that the percentage of the Philippines covered by forest ranges among the maps from a low of 23% for the Philippine Land Cover to a high of 67% for GlobeLand30. Landsat VCF estimates 36% forest cover, which is closest to the 37% estimate based on the reference data. The eight maps plus the reference data agree unanimously on 30% of the sample points, of which 11% are attributable to forest and 19% to non-forest. The overall disagreement between the reference data and Philippine Land Cover is 21%, which is the least among the eight Forest versus Non-Forest maps. About half of the 9852 points have a nested structure such that the forest in a given dataset is a subset of the forest in the datasets that have more forest than the given dataset. The variation among the maps regarding forest quantity and allocation relates to the combined effects of the various definitions of forest and classification errors. Scientists and policy makers must consider these insights when producing future forest cover maps and when establishing benchmarks for forest cover monitoring.

A community-based validation study of the short-form 36 version 2 Philippines (Tagalog) in two cities in the Philippines.

PubMed

Castillo-Carandang, Nina T; Sison, Olivia T; Grefal, Mary Lenore; Sy, Rody G; Alix, Oliver C; Llanes, Elmer Jasper B; Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M; Gumatay, Allan Wilbert G; Punzalan, Felix Eduardo R; Velandria, Felicidad V; Tai, E Shyong; Wee, Hwee-Lin

2013-01-01

To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Philippines (Tagalog) Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2(®)) standard questionnaire among Filipinos residing in two cities. The official Philippines (Tagalog) SF-36v2 standard (4-week recall) version was pretested on 30 participants followed by formal and informal cognitive debriefing. To obtain the feedback on translation by bilingual respondents, each SF-36v2 question was stated first in English followed by Tagalog. No revisions to the original questionnaire were needed except that participants thought it was appropriate to incorporate "po" in the instructions to make it more polite. Face-to-face interviews of 562 participants aged 20-50 years living in two barangays (villages) in the highly urbanized city of Makati City (Metro Manila) and in urban and rural barangays in Tanauan City (province of Batangas) were subsequently conducted. Content validity, item level validity, reliability and factor structure of the SF-36v2 (Tagalog) were examined. Content validity of the SF-36v2 was assessed to be adequate for assessing health status among Filipinos. Item means of Philippines (Tagalog) SF-36v2 were similar with comparable scales in the US English, Singapore (English and Chinese) and Thai SF-36 version 1. Item-scale correlation exceeded 0.4 for all items except the bathing item in PF (correlation: 0.31). In exploratory factor analysis, the US two-component model was supported. However, in confirmatory factor analysis, the Japanese three-component model fit the Tagalog data better than the US two-component model. The Philippines (Tagalog) SF-36v2 is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring health status among residents of Makati City (Metro Manila) and Tanauan City (Province of Batangas).

Epidemiology of drowning deaths in the Philippines, 1980 to 2011.

PubMed

Martinez, Rammell Eric; Go, John Juliard; Guevarra, Jonathan

2016-01-01

Drowning kills 372 000 people yearly worldwide and is a serious public health issue in the Philippines. This study aims to determine if the drowning death rates in the Philippine Health Statistics (PHS) reports from 1980 to 2011 were underestimated. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted to describe the trend of deaths caused by drowning in the Philippines from official and unofficial sources in the period 1980 to 2011. Information about deaths related to cataclysmic causes, particularly victims of storms and floods, and maritime accidents in the Philippines during the study period were reviewed and compared with the PHS drowning death data. An average of 2496 deaths per year caused by drowning were recorded in the PHS reports from 1980 to 2011 (range 671-3656). The average death rate was 3.5/100 000 population (range 1.3-4.7). An average of 4196 drowning deaths were recorded from 1980 to 2011 (range 1220 to 8788) when catacylsmic events and maritime accidents were combined with PHS data. The average death rate was 6/100 000 population (range 2.5-14.2). Our results showed that on average there were 1700 more drowning deaths per year when deaths caused by cataclysms and maritime accidents were added to the PHS data. This illustrated that drowning deaths were underestimated in the official surveillance data. Passive surveillance and irregular data management are contributing to underestimation of drowning in the Philippines. Additionally, deaths due to flooding, storms and maritime accidents are not counted as drowning deaths, which further contributes to the underestimation. Surveillance of drowning data can be improved using more precise case definitions and a multisectoral approach.

Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease in the Philippines: Outcomes of the Philippine Movement Disorder Surgery Center.

PubMed

Diestro, Jose Danilo B; Vesagas, Theodor S; Teleg, Rosalia A; Aguilar, Jose A; Anlacan, Joseph P; Jamora, Roland Dominic G

2018-04-28

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment modality for Parkinson disease (PD). The first DBS for PD in the Philippines was performed at the Philippine Movement Disorder Surgery Center in 2006. There are no Philippine data on DBS for PD. We aim to determine the motor improvement and reduction in medication dosage of all patients with PD who underwent DBS at the Philippine Movement Disorder Surgery Center. This is a retrospective study of all patients with PD (n = 17) who underwent DBS from 2006 to 2016. The change in the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor and levodopa equivalent dose were determined. There was a statistically significant reduction in the UPDRS motor in all patients off medication at 3 months (48.2%; P = 0.004), 1 year (47.3%; P = 0.026), 2 years (48.4%; P = 0.021), and 3 years (66.0%; P = 0.032) after DBS and on medication at 3 months (43.3%; P = 0.023), 6 months (24.7%; P = 0.053), and 1 year (38.1%; P = 0.033). A significant reduction in the dosage of PD medications was also seen until the second year of follow-up (52.3%; P < 0.001). Adverse events included an attempted suicide and a device-related infection. DBS for PD improves the UPDRS motor score in the off-medication and on-medication state, with the maximal benefit seen at 3 years after surgery and reduces PD medication dosage by half. Although the benefit from DBS is undeniable, the high cost of the procedure precludes more patients from benefitting from it. There is a need for government support to expand access to DBS. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Public higher education in the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cardozier, V. R.

1984-06-01

Clearly, the national government of the Philippines has decided to increase the number and comprehensiveness of its public colleges and universities. While private colleges and universities are likely to dominate higher education in the Philippines for the remainer of this century, it appears that public, tax-supported higher education will become increasingly available there. The Philippines is not a wealthy country but it is devoting a substantial portion of its national resources to public higher education. In 1983, higher education received 2.85 percent of the national budget, a figure that has been rising for years. Compared with some highly developed countries, this is not a large percentage, but for a country that has traditionally relied on private higher education, it is a major and growing investment in the public sector. While many of the better universities in the Philippines are private, many other private educational institutions are small and struggling. As their financial resources become more limited, and as less expensive, tax-supported higher education becomes increasingly available, a lot of the struggling private colleges will probably close. This process is also being hastened by actions of the government to upgrade quality, for example in the case of the many private colleges that developed after World War II. In an attempt to improve the academic quality of these marginal institutions, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports has been given extensive authority, and while its intrusion into private institutions has been modest by some measures, its requirements are affecting them all and will speed the demise of some. This is bound to lead to a stronger role for public higher education in the Philippines, a country that is striving diligently to improve the education and hence the quality of life of its people.

Ovarian cancer survival population differences: a "high resolution study" comparing Philippine residents, and Filipino-Americans and Caucasians living in the US.

PubMed

Redaniel, Maria Theresa M; Laudico, Adriano; Mirasol-Lumague, Maria Rica; Gondos, Adam; Uy, Gemma Leonora; Toral, Jean Ann; Benavides, Doris; Brenner, Hermann

2009-09-24

In contrast to most other forms of cancer, data from some developing and developed countries show surprisingly similar survival rates for ovarian cancer. We aimed to compare ovarian cancer survival in Philippine residents, Filipino-Americans and Caucasians living in the US, using a high resolution approach, taking potential differences in prognostic factors into account. Using databases from the SEER 13 and from the Manila and Rizal Cancer Registries, age-adjusted five-year absolute and relative survival estimates were computed using the period analysis method and compared between Filipino-American ovarian cancer patients with cancer patients from the Philippines and Caucasians in the US. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to determine factors affecting survival differences. Despite more favorable distribution of age and cancer morphology and similar stage distribution, 5-year absolute and relative survival were lower in Philippine residents (Absolute survival, AS, 44%, Standard Error, SE, 2.9 and Relative survival, RS, 49.7%, SE, 3.7) than in Filipino-Americans (AS, 51.3%, SE, 3.1 and RS, 54.1%, SE, 3.4). After adjustment for these and additional covariates, strong excess risk of death for Philippine residents was found (Relative Risk, RR, 2.45, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 1.99-3.01). In contrast, no significant differences were found between Filipino-Americans and Caucasians living in the US. Multivariate analyses disclosed strong survival disadvantages of Philippine residents compared to Filipino-American patients, for which differences in access to health care might have played an important role. Survival is no worse among Filipino-Americans than among Caucasians living in the US.

Countering China’s Maritime Territorial Disputes

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-31

9 Malaysia ...associated landmasses, while Malaysia , the Philippines, Indonesia, and Brunei claim the islands near their primary landmass. Figure 1. depicts the various...China’s natural baseline by UNCLOS, and impinges upon the EEZs of Taiwan, the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia , Indonesia, and Vietnam. Taiwan Taiwan’s

20 CFR 404.820 - Filing a request for correction of the record of your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... request may be filed with the Veterans Administration Regional Office in the Philippines or with any U.S... Regional Office in the Philippines, or by any U.S. Foreign Service Office. If using the date we receive a...

20 CFR 404.820 - Filing a request for correction of the record of your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... request may be filed with the Veterans Administration Regional Office in the Philippines or with any U.S... Regional Office in the Philippines, or by any U.S. Foreign Service Office. If using the date we receive a...

20 CFR 404.820 - Filing a request for correction of the record of your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... request may be filed with the Veterans Administration Regional Office in the Philippines or with any U.S... Regional Office in the Philippines, or by any U.S. Foreign Service Office. If using the date we receive a...

20 CFR 404.820 - Filing a request for correction of the record of your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... request may be filed with the Veterans Administration Regional Office in the Philippines or with any U.S... Regional Office in the Philippines, or by any U.S. Foreign Service Office. If using the date we receive a...

Human Infections with Plasmodium knowlesi, the Philippines

PubMed Central

Espino, Fe; Curameng, Peter; Espina, Ronald; Bell, David; Chiodini, Peter; Nolder, Debbie; Sutherland, Colin; Lee, Kim-Sung; Singh, Balbir

2008-01-01

Five human cases of infection with the simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi from Palawan, the Philippines, were confirmed by nested PCR. This study suggests that this zoonotic infection is found across a relatively wide area in Palawan and documents autochthonous cases in the country. PMID:18439369

76 FR 16858 - Proposed Information Collection (Supplemental Income Questionnaire (for Philippine Claims Only...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-25

... DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS [OMB Control No. 2900-0668] Proposed Information Collection (Supplemental Income Questionnaire (for Philippine Claims Only)); Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans Benefits... techniques or the use of other forms of information technology. Title: Supplemental Income Questionnaire (for...

The Economics of Counterinsurgency in the Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-30

www.nber.org/papers/w21849 Berman, Eli , Joseph Felter, Ethan Kapstein, and Erin Troland, "Predation, Taxation , Investment, and Violence: Evidence...Erin Troland, "Predation, Taxation , Investment and Violence: Evidence from the Philippines," NBER Working Paper No. 19266, 2013. http://www.nber.org

Meeting women's contraceptive needs in the Philippines.

PubMed

Darroch, Jacqueline E; Singh, Susheela; Bal, Haley; Cabigon, Josefina V

2009-01-01

The ability to practice contraception is essential to protecting Filipino women's health and rights. Yet low levels of use have led to high levels of unintended pregnancy in the Philippines, for which women and society pay dearly-- in lives, family well-being and public funds.

Economic Cost and Burden of Dengue in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Edillo, Frances E.; Halasa, Yara A.; Largo, Francisco M.; Erasmo, Jonathan Neil V.; Amoin, Naomi B.; Alera, Maria Theresa P.; Yoon, In-Kyu; Alcantara, Arturo C.; Shepard, Donald S.

2015-01-01

Dengue, the world's most important mosquito-borne viral disease, is endemic in the Philippines. During 2008–2012, the country's Department of Health reported an annual average of 117,065 dengue cases, placing the country fourth in dengue burden in southeast Asia. This study estimates the country's annual number of dengue episodes and their economic cost. Our comparison of cases between active and passive surveillance in Punta Princesa, Cebu City yielded an expansion factor of 7.2, close to the predicted value (7.0) based on the country's health system. We estimated an annual average of 842,867 clinically diagnosed dengue cases, with direct medical costs (in 2012 US dollars) of $345 million ($3.26 per capita). This is 54% higher than an earlier estimate without Philippines-specific costs. Ambulatory settings treated 35% of cases (representing 10% of direct costs), whereas inpatient hospitals served 65% of cases (representing 90% of direct costs). The economic burden of dengue in the Philippines is substantial. PMID:25510723

Philippine protected areas are not meeting the biodiversity coverage and management effectiveness requirements of Aichi Target 11.

PubMed

Mallari, Neil Aldrin D; Collar, Nigel J; McGowan, Philip J K; Marsden, Stuart J

2016-04-01

Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity urges, inter alia, that nations protect at least 17 % of their land, and that protection is effective and targets areas of importance for biodiversity. Five years before reporting on Aichi targets is due, we assessed the Philippines' current protected area system for biodiversity coverage, appropriateness of management regimes and capacity to deliver protection. Although protected estate already covers 11 % of the Philippines' land area, 64 % of its key biodiversity areas (KBAs) remain unprotected. Few protected areas have appropriate management and governance infrastructures, funding streams, management plans and capacity, and a serious mismatch exists between protected area land zonation regimes and conservation needs of key species. For the Philippines to meet the biodiversity coverage and management effectiveness elements of Aichi Target 11, protected area and KBA boundaries should be aligned, management systems reformed to pursue biodiversity-led targets and effective management capacity created.

Dr. Diego Gonzalez Rivas’ trip to the Philippines in November 2015

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was introduced in the Philippines in 1992. Initially, multiport VATS was utilized for lung resections in 2012. In 2015, after attending a couple of Asian uniportal VATS workshops, where one of the lecturers/surgeons was Dr. Diego Gonzalez-Rivas, Filipino surgeons were able to do uniportal VATS for a lobectomy in 2015. In November 2015, Dr. Rivas went to the Philippines to give lectures and conduct a VATS pre-congress workshop during the 25th Clinical Congress of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia (ATCSA). He then went to the Lung Center of the Philippines (LCP) where he delivered a lecture and performed a uniportal VATS lobectomy on a 64-year-old male patient who had Adenocarcinoma of the left lower lobe. Anesthetic and surgical techniques are described. Uniportal VATS is a safe procedure and oncologic results are comparable with resections done using open thoracotomy. The patients’ quality of life is better because of significantly less pain after the procedure. PMID:29078509

Twenty Years of Progress on Maternal and Child Health in the Philippines: An Equity Lens.

PubMed

Bredenkamp, Caryn; Buisman, Leander R

2017-07-01

This article assesses trends and inequalities in maternal and child health in the Philippines between 1993 and 2013, using 6 national household surveys, and also compares the Philippines' performance to 15 other Asia-Pacific countries. Thirteen indicators of child health outcomes and maternal and child health interventions are examined. Two measures of inequality are used: the absolute difference between the poorest and wealthiest quintile, and the concentration index. Coverage of all indicators has improved, both on average and among the poorest quintile; however, increases are very small for child health interventions (especially immunization coverage). By the first measure of inequality, all indicators show narrowing inequalities. By the second measure, inequality has fallen only for maternal health interventions. Compared with other 15 other developing Asia-Pacific countries, the Philippines performs among the best on the child health outcomes examined and above average on maternal health interventions (except family planning), but only at or below average on child health interventions.

Kirkland gets license in hot Philippines area

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kirkland, A.S.

1992-08-03

This paper reports that Kirkland As, Oslo, has received a geophysical survey and exploration contract (GSEC) in a sizzling exploration and development theater off the Philippines. The license covers about 6,000 sq miles of undisputed waters, with depths mostly less than 300 ft, and lies in the Reed Bank area off Northwest Palawan Island, where several major oil and gas strikes have been made recently. Kirkland has 1 year in which to carry out its seismic work commitment. The terms of the GSEC then give an option to drill one well in a 6 month period. Once the results havemore » been analyzed, the company can either drill another well or enter into a service contract for the license. Kirkland has a 65% share in the license, with the remainder split between Philippine companies Philodrill Corp., Beguet Mining Corp. subsidiary Petrofields, and Seafront Resources Corp. The Philippines is one of Kirkland's main areas of activity, the Kirkland Commercial Manager Ralph Baxter.« less

Headspace Analysis of Philippine Civet Coffee Beans Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Nose

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ongo, E.; Sevilla, F.; Antonelli, A.; Sberveglieri, G.; Montevecchi, G.; Sberveglieri, V.; de Paola, E. L.; Concina, I.; Falasconi, M.

2011-11-01

Civet coffee, the most expensive and best coffee in the world, is an economically important export product of the Philippines. With a growing threat of food adulteration and counterfeiting, a need for quality authentication is essential to protect the integrity and strong market value of Philippine civet coffee. At present, there is no internationally accepted method of verifying whether a bean is an authentic civet coffee. This study presented a practical and promising approach to identify and establish the headspace qualitative profile of Philippine civet coffee using electronic nose (E-nose) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). E-nose analysis revealed that aroma characteristic is one of the most important quality indicators of civet coffee. The findings were supported by GC-MS analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited a clearly separated civet coffees from their control beans. The chromatographic fingerprints indicated that civet coffees differed with their control beans in terms of composition and concentration of individual volatile constituents.

Economic cost and burden of dengue in the Philippines.

PubMed

Edillo, Frances E; Halasa, Yara A; Largo, Francisco M; Erasmo, Jonathan Neil V; Amoin, Naomi B; Alera, Maria Theresa P; Yoon, In-Kyu; Alcantara, Arturo C; Shepard, Donald S

2015-02-01

Dengue, the world's most important mosquito-borne viral disease, is endemic in the Philippines. During 2008-2012, the country's Department of Health reported an annual average of 117,065 dengue cases, placing the country fourth in dengue burden in southeast Asia. This study estimates the country's annual number of dengue episodes and their economic cost. Our comparison of cases between active and passive surveillance in Punta Princesa, Cebu City yielded an expansion factor of 7.2, close to the predicted value (7.0) based on the country's health system. We estimated an annual average of 842,867 clinically diagnosed dengue cases, with direct medical costs (in 2012 US dollars) of $345 million ($3.26 per capita). This is 54% higher than an earlier estimate without Philippines-specific costs. Ambulatory settings treated 35% of cases (representing 10% of direct costs), whereas inpatient hospitals served 65% of cases (representing 90% of direct costs). The economic burden of dengue in the Philippines is substantial. © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Breastfeeding and Later Psychosocial Development in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Duazo, Paulita; Avila, Josephine; Kuzawa, Christopher W.

2010-01-01

Objectives Evaluate whether breastfeeding duration predicts later psychosocial development in a large low socioeconomic status (SES) sample in the Philippines. Methods The sample consists of 2,752 children aged 5-6 years who were measured in 2004 as part of the Philippine government's Early Childhood Development Project (ECD). Duration of any breastfeeding was the primary independent variable in regression models predicting a cumulative index of psychosocial development that has been shown previously to predict school readiness. Results In this sample, mothers who breastfed their children for longer tended to have lower educational attainment and to come from lower income households. Despite this, breastfeeding duration was a positive predictor of future psychosocial development (PD) measured in late childhood, but only after adjustment for SES and related confounders. Conclusions These findings add to growing evidence that breastfeeding could provide lasting economic and social benefits and underscore the importance of continuing current public health efforts to promote breastfeeding in the Philippines and across the globe. PMID:20721986

Nurses, Inc.: expansion and commercialization of nursing education in the Philippines.

PubMed

Masselink, Leah E; Lee, Shoou-Yih Daniel

2010-07-01

Exporting nurses has been a long-standing economic strategy for the Philippine government, despite the fact that the Philippines' domestic health system is weak and existing supplies of health workers are poorly distributed. This study explores the role of nursing schools as "migrant institutions" in expanding and commercializing nursing education and perpetuating the link between nursing education and migration. Data were collected primarily via in-depth interviews of key informants (nursing school administrators and policymakers) in the Philippines. Results suggest that nursing schools have expanded migration opportunities by making nursing educational available to more students and more diverse student populations. Also, some nursing schools have acted to control the licensure and recruitment processes by establishing commercial relationships with licensure exam review centers and recruitment agencies. These activities perpetuate the culture of migration in the country's nursing profession and indirectly contribute to declining quality of nursing education, misuse of scarce resources, corruption in the nursing sector, and exacerbation of existing health workforce imbalances. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Survey Results from the Philippines: NPUAP Changes in Pressure Injury Terminology and Definitions.

PubMed

Ayello, Elizabeth A; Delmore, Barbara; Smart, Hiske; Sibbald, R Gary

2018-01-01

To determine the opinions of healthcare clinicians in the Philippines regarding the 2016 National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) terminology changes and revised staging definitions. A survey methodology was used in Manila, Philippines. Convenience samples of healthcare clinicians of varying disciplines and employment settings were invited to participate in this research. A survey was administered at key intervals regarding the revised NPUAP terminology changes and revised staging definitions. The survey was administered before and after an interactive, basic 2-day wound course was conducted. Results revealed strong support for the 2016 NPUAP terminology change from pressure ulcer to pressure injury and the revised staging definitions. Since the NPUAP changed its terminology and revised the staging definitions, the wound care community has been responding to those changes. Because pressure injuries are a global health concern, the opinions of clinicians outside the United States are equally valuable. The healthcare clinicians in the Philippines surveyed appear to embrace the new terminology changes and revised staging definitions put forth by the NPUAP.

Affordable remote-area power supply in the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heruela, C. S.

The feasibility of photovoltaic (PV) systems for electrifying remote areas of the Philippines is discussed. In particular, a technical description is given of those PV systems that are appropriate to the needs of remote, but populated, rural areas and have been developed as part of the Philippine-German Solar Energy Project. Details are provided of a financing scheme, piloted by the Project on an unelectrified island, to make PV systems affordable to rural users. An analysis is presented of the potential of large-scale applications of PV systems in developing countries such as the Philippines, and a description is provided of current efforts to promote the use of such technology. A storage battery is identified as an essential component of a PV system. As a consequence, the wide use of PV systems will have a very significant impact on the market for storage batteries in countries embarking on PV-utilization programmes. It is clear, therefore, that battery manufacturers should take an interest in future development in PV applications.

Protocol for audit of current Filipino practice in rehabilitation of stroke inpatients.

PubMed

Gonzalez-Suarez, Consuelo B; Dizon, Janine Margarita R; Grimmer, Karen; Estrada, Myrna S; Liao, Lauren Anne S; Malleta, Anne-Rochelle D; Tan, Ma Elena R; Marfil, Vero; Versales, Cristina S; Suarez, Jimah L; So, Kleon C; Uyehara, Edgardo D

2015-01-01

Stroke is one of the leading medical conditions in the Philippines. Over 500,000 Filipinos suffer from stroke annually. Provision of evidence-based medical and rehabilitation management for stroke patients has been a challenge due to existing environmental, social, and local health system issues. Thus, existing western guidelines on stroke rehabilitation were contextualized to draft recommendations relevant to the local Philippine setting. Prior to fully implementing the guidelines, an audit of current practice needs to be undertaken, thus the purpose of this audit protocol. A clinical audit of current practices in stroke rehabilitation in the Philippines will be undertaken. A consensus list of data items to be captured was identified by the audit team during a 2-day meeting in 2012. These items, including patient demographics, type of stroke, time to referral for rehabilitation management, length of hospital stay, and other relevant descriptors of stroke management were included as part of the audit. Hospitals in the Philippines will be recruited to take part in the audit activity. Recruitment will be via the registry of the Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine, where 90% of physiatrists (medical doctors specialized in rehabilitation medicine) are active members and are affiliated with various hospitals in the Philippines. Data collectors will be identified and trained in the audit process. A pilot audit will be conducted to test the feasibility of the audit protocol, and refinements to the protocol will be undertaken as necessary. The comprehensive audit process will take place for a period of 3 months. Data will be encoded using MS Excel(®). Data will be reported as means and percentages as appropriate. Subgroup analysis will be undertaken to look into differences and variability of stroke patient descriptors and rehabilitation activities. This audit study is an ambitious project, but given the "need" to conduct the audit to identify "gaps" in current practice, and the value it can bring to serve as a platform for implementation of evidence-based stroke management in the Philippines to achieve best patient and health outcomes, the audit team is more than ready to take up the challenge.

Evidence-based decision on medical technologies in Asia Pacific: experiences from India, Malaysia, Philippines, and Pakistan.

PubMed

Thatte, Urmila; Hussain, Samsinah; de Rosas-Valera, Madeleine; Malik, Muhammad Ashar

2009-01-01

This paper discusses national programs implemented in India, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Philippines to generate and apply evidence in making informed policy decisions on the approval, pricing, reimbursement and financing of medicines, diagnostics, and medical devices. In all countries, the Ministries of Health are generally responsible for approval of health technologies through various agencies like the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation in India, Bureau of Food and Drugs for medicines and Bureau of Health Devices and Technology for medical devices in the Philippines, the National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau, Health Technology Assessment Unit and Medical Device Bureau in Malaysia, and the Drug Control Organization in Pakistan. Product dossiers are evaluated while taking decisions. India has a strong price control mechanism through the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority. In the Philippines, the Essential Drug Price Monitoring System monitors prices of 37 essential drugs monthly from all drugstore outlets nationwide. In Malaysia and Pakistan registration pricing of new drugs is negotiated/fixed by the government with the vendor. A mix of social, voluntary private and community-based health insurance plans are available in India while the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation is responsible for reimbursement of drugs and medical devices in the Philippines. In Malaysia no formal reimbursement system is being practiced, and in Pakistan the government reimburses medical claims of its employees. In both India and the Philippines the bulk of health expenditure is out of pocket while the government pays for 20% and 28% respectively in both countries. The public health care services in Malaysia are heavily subsidized by the government with minimum fee being charged to the public. The government of Pakistan gives free medicines to its citizens at the public health facilities. In the region under discussion, one of the priority areas that the different regulatory agencies would benefit from is human resource development to facilitate the process of evidence based assessment of health technologies. Higher budgetary allocation and stronger legislation is also needed along with interagency and international coordination and cooperation to harmonize.

Suicide in the Philippines: time trend analysis (1974-2005) and literature review

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Suicide prevention is given a low priority in many Western Pacific countries due to competing health problems, stigma and poor understanding of its incidence and aetiology. Little is known about the epidemiology of suicide and suicidal behaviour in the Philippines and although its incidence is reported to be low, there is likely to be under-reporting because of its non-acceptance by the Catholic Church and the associated stigma to the family. This study aims to investigate trends in the incidence of suicide in the Philippines, assess possible underreporting and provide information on the methods used and the reasons for suicide. Methods Data for suicide deaths occurring between 1974 and 2005 were obtained from Philippine Health Statistics. Age- and sex-specific trends were examined graphically. Underreporting was investigated by comparing trends in suicides, accidents and deaths of undetermined intent. To provide a fuller picture of suicide in the Philippines, a comprehensive search for published papers, theses and reports on the epidemiology of suicide in the Philippines was undertaken. Results The incidence of suicide in males increased from 0.23 to 3.59 per 100,000 between 1984 and 2005. Similarly, rates rose from 0.12 to 1.09 per 100,000 in females. Amongst females, suicide rates were highest in 15-24 year olds, whilst in males rates were similar in all age groups throughout the study period. The most commonly used methods of suicide were hanging, shooting and organophosphate ingestion. In non-fatal attempts, the most common methods used were ingestion of drugs, specifically isoniazid and paracetamol, or organophosphate ingestion. Family and relationship problems were the most common precipitants. While rates were lower compared to other countries, there is suggestive evidence of underreporting and misclassification to undetermined injury. Recent increases may reflect either true increase or better reporting of suicides. Conclusions While suicide rates are low in the Philippines, increases in incidence and relatively high rates in adolescents and young adults point to the importance of focused suicide prevention programs. Improving data quality and better reporting of suicide deaths is likewise imperative to inform and evaluate prevention strategies. PMID:21733151

Sunrise over the Philippine Sea

NASA Image and Video Library

1984-08-30

41D-32-14 (30 Aug 1984) --- A rainbow-like sunrise over the Philippine Sea greeted the six crew members aboard the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Discovery on its first day in space. A 70mm camera was used to record the scene at 3:08:14 p.m. (CDT), August 30, 1984, during Discovery's sixth orbit of a six-day mission. The spacecraft was above a position on Earth centered at 21.1 degrees north and 12.9 degrees east (about 250 miles north - northeast of the Philippine Islands). The scene was shown as one of the Post-Flight Press Conference (PFPC) visuals by the crew on September 12, 1984.

INTEGRATED WASTE AND WATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT (IWWMP) &NDASH; BATANGAS, PHILIPPINES

EPA Science Inventory

Mass evacuations of rural residents in the Philippines to large urban areas overburden an already strained infrastructure. There have been investments by non-profit groups to develop housing to attract the evacuees back to their regions. However, there remains a great need for...

38 CFR 3.40 - Philippine and Insular Forces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.40 Philippine and... of the Navy is included for pension, compensation, dependency and indemnity compensation, and burial... compensation and dependency and indemnity compensation. Except as provided in §§ 3.42 and 3.43, benefits based...

38 CFR 3.40 - Philippine and Insular Forces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.40 Philippine and... of the Navy is included for pension, compensation, dependency and indemnity compensation, and burial... compensation and dependency and indemnity compensation. Except as provided in §§ 3.42 and 3.43, benefits based...

38 CFR 3.40 - Philippine and Insular Forces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.40 Philippine and... of the Navy is included for pension, compensation, dependency and indemnity compensation, and burial... compensation and dependency and indemnity compensation. Except as provided in §§ 3.42 and 3.43, benefits based...

38 CFR 3.40 - Philippine and Insular Forces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.40 Philippine and... of the Navy is included for pension, compensation, dependency and indemnity compensation, and burial... compensation and dependency and indemnity compensation. Except as provided in §§ 3.42 and 3.43, benefits based...

38 CFR 3.40 - Philippine and Insular Forces.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... ADJUDICATION Pension, Compensation, and Dependency and Indemnity Compensation General § 3.40 Philippine and... of the Navy is included for pension, compensation, dependency and indemnity compensation, and burial... compensation and dependency and indemnity compensation. Except as provided in §§ 3.42 and 3.43, benefits based...

Researching English in the Philippines: Bibliographical Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bautista, Ma. Lourdes S.

2004-01-01

The academic literature on issues related to the Philippine English language and literature is substantial. This bibliography surveys relevant work on such related fields as the sociology of language and language planning, Bilingualism, bilingual education, and languages in education, language attitudes, code-switching and code-mixing, Philippine…

Philippogalla, a new genus for Philipposcopus modestus (Baker) from Philippines, and a new species of Philiposcopus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Idiocerinae) from China

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A new genus of Idiocerinae, Philippogalla gen. nov., is described and illustrated based on Philipposcopus modestus from Philippines. In addition, a new species Philipposcopus processus sp. nov. is described and illustrated from China....

Exploring Trilingual Code-Switching: The Case of "Hokaglish"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzales, Wilkinson Daniel Wong

2016-01-01

This paper presents findings of an initial study on a trilingual code-switching (CS) phenomenon called "Hokaglish" in Binondo, Manila, The Philippines. Beginning with descriptions of multiculturalism and multilingualism in the Philippines, the discussion eventually leads to the description and survey of the code-switching phenomenon…

Chelonitoxism outbreak caused from consuming turtle, Eastern Samar, Philippines, August 2013.

PubMed

Ventura, Ray Justin; Ching, Paola Katrina; de los Reyes, Vikki Carr; Sucaldito, Ma Nemia; Tayag, Enrique

2015-01-01

On 21 August 2013, the Event-based Surveillance and Response system of the Department of Health, Philippines captured a foodborne illness event among residents of a coastal village in Eastern Samar, Philippines. The suspected cause was the consumption of a sea turtle found near the village. A team from the Department of Health was sent to conduct an outbreak investigation. A case was defined as any person in Arteche, Eastern Samar, who developed dry mouth and burning sensation in the throat from 15 August to 27 August, 2013. Severity of the disease was classified as mild, moderate or severe. We conducted records review, environmental investigation, interviews of key informants and a retrospective cohort study. Sixty-eight cases were identified; four died (case fatality rate = 6%). All cases had a history of turtle meat consumption. Dose-dependent relationship was noted between amount of turtle meat consumed and the risk of illness. In the cohort study, consumption of turtle meat and turtle meat soup were associated with illness. This study identified turtle meat as the source of this foodborne outbreak and emphasized the dangers of consuming turtle meat. Other reported cases of turtle meat poisoning in the Philippines suggest that turtle consumption is an ongoing practice in the country. By publishing information about sea turtle poisoning outbreaks in the Philippines, we hope to raise awareness of the potential severe health effects from ingesting these endangered sea creatures.

High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum and Fasciola gigantica in bovines from Northern Samar, the Philippines.

PubMed

Gordon, Catherine A; Acosta, Luz P; Gobert, Geoffrey N; Jiz, Mario; Olveda, Remigio M; Ross, Allen G; Gray, Darren J; Williams, Gail M; Harn, Donald; Li, Yuesheng; McManus, Donald P

2015-02-01

The cause of zoonotic schistosomiasis in the Philippines is Schistosoma japonicum, which infects up to 46 mammalian hosts, including humans and bovines. In China, water buffaloes have been identified as major reservoir hosts for schistosomiasis japonica, contributing up to 75% of human transmission. In the Philippines, water buffaloes (carabao; Bubalus bubalis carabanesis) have, historically, been considered unimportant reservoirs. We therefore revisited the possible role of bovines in schistosome transmission in the Philippines, using the recently described formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation (FEA-SD) technique and a qPCR assay to examine fecal samples from 153 bovines (both carabao and cattle) from six barangays in Northern Samar. A high prevalence of S. japonicum was found using qPCR and FEA-SD in both cattle (87.50% and 77.08%, respectively) and carabao (80.00% and 55.24%, respectively). The average daily egg output for each bovine was calculated at 195,000. High prevalence and infection intensity of F. gigantica was also found in the bovines by qPCR and FEA-SD (95.33% and 96.00%, respectively). The identification of bovines as major reservoir hosts for S. japonicum transmission suggests that bovine treatment and/or vaccination, as one becomes available, should be included in any future control program that aims to reduce the disease burden due to schistosomiasis in the Philippines.

Philippine Astronomy Convention 2009 Abstract: IYA 2009

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Divinagracia, P. P.

2009-03-01

The International Year of Astronomy 2009 is a global effort initiated by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to help the citizens of the world rediscover their place in the Universe through the day and nighttime sky and, thereby, engage a personal sense of wonder and discovery. The vision of the IYA celebration is for everyone to realize the impact of astronomy and other fundamental sciences on our daily lives, and understand how scientific knowledge can contribute to a more equitable and peaceful society. Various global projects were initiated to help achieve the goals of the IYA 2009. An opening ceremony was held last January 15 to 16, 2009 at the UNESCO Headquarters at Paris, France to mark the beginning of the IYA celebrations. Attendance for the said ceremony was by invitation only. In the Philippines, Dr. Cynthia Celebre, Chief of the Space Sciences and Astronomy Section of the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration, and the Single Point of Contact in the Philippines for the IYA, and I, as the student representative of the Philippines, were invited to attend the opening ceremony. We also participated in a symposium with the theme "The Role of Astronomy in Society and Culture" which was also held at the UNESCO Headquarters at Paris, France last January 19 to 23 this year.

High Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum and Fasciola gigantica in Bovines from Northern Samar, the Philippines

PubMed Central

Gordon, Catherine A.; Acosta, Luz P.; Gobert, Geoffrey N.; Jiz, Mario; Olveda, Remigio M.; Ross, Allen G.; Gray, Darren J.; Williams, Gail M.; Harn, Donald; Li, Yuesheng; McManus, Donald P.

2015-01-01

The cause of zoonotic schistosomiasis in the Philippines is Schistosoma japonicum, which infects up to 46 mammalian hosts, including humans and bovines. In China, water buffaloes have been identified as major reservoir hosts for schistosomiasis japonica, contributing up to 75% of human transmission. In the Philippines, water buffaloes (carabao; Bubalus bubalis carabanesis) have, historically, been considered unimportant reservoirs. We therefore revisited the possible role of bovines in schistosome transmission in the Philippines, using the recently described formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation (FEA-SD) technique and a qPCR assay to examine fecal samples from 153 bovines (both carabao and cattle) from six barangays in Northern Samar. A high prevalence of S. japonicum was found using qPCR and FEA-SD in both cattle (87.50% and 77.08%, respectively) and carabao (80.00% and 55.24%, respectively). The average daily egg output for each bovine was calculated at 195,000. High prevalence and infection intensity of F. gigantica was also found in the bovines by qPCR and FEA-SD (95.33% and 96.00%, respectively). The identification of bovines as major reservoir hosts for S. japonicum transmission suggests that bovine treatment and/or vaccination, as one becomes available, should be included in any future control program that aims to reduce the disease burden due to schistosomiasis in the Philippines. PMID:25643317

Distinct Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Stocks Detected in Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) Using DNA Microsatellites

PubMed Central

Aguila, Roselyn D.; Perez, Sweedy Kay L.; Catacutan, Billy Joel N.; Lopez, Grace V.; Barut, Noel C.; Santos, Mudjekeewis D.

2015-01-01

The yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788), covers majority of the Philippines’ tuna catch, one of the major fisheries commodities in the country. Due to its high economic importance sustainable management of these tunas has become an imperative measure to prevent stock depletion. Currently, the Philippine yellowfin tuna is believed to be part of a single stock of the greater WCPO though some reports suggest otherwise. This study therefore aims to establish the genetic stock structure of the said species in the Philippines as compared to Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea using nine (9) DNA microsatellite markers. DNA microsatellite data revealed significant genetic differentiation between the Philippine and Bismarck Sea, Papua New Guinea yellowfin tuna samples. (FST = 0.034, P = 0.016), which is further supported by multilocus distance matrix testing (PCoA) and model-based clustering (STRUCTURE 2.2).With these findings, this study posits that the yellowfin tuna population in the Philippines is a separate stock from the Bismarck Sea population. These findings add evidence to the alternative hypothesis of having at least 2 subpopulations of yellowfin tuna in the WCPO and calls for additional scientific studies using other parameters to investigate this. Accurate population information is necessary in formulating a more appropriate management strategy for the sustainability of the yellowfin tuna not only in the Philippines but also in the WCPO. PMID:26394234

Studies in Kagayanen.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Studies in Philippine Languages and Cultures, 1999

1999-01-01

With this issue, the scope of this series is enlarged to include cultural as well as linguistic studies. Articles published in the series are based primarily on field work in Philippine cultural communities but occasionally studies are included on one of the major languages or languages spoken outside the Philippines. The present volume comprises…

Outbreak of Leptospirosis after Flood, the Philippines, 2009

PubMed Central

Amilasan, Al-shere T.; Ujiie, Mugen; Salva, Eumelia; Belo, Maria Cecilia P.; Koizumi, Nobuo; Yoshimatsu, Kumiko; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Marte, Shane; Dimaano, Efren M.; Villarama, Jose Benito; Ariyoshi, Koya

2012-01-01

After a typhoon in September 2009, an outbreak of leptospirosis occurred in Metro Manila, the Philippines; 471 patients were hospitalized and 51 (10.8%) died. A hospital-based investigation found risk factors associated with fatal infection to be older age, hemoptysis, anuria, jaundice, and delayed treatment with antimicrobial drugs. PMID:22257492

Environmental Education for Sustainability in Higher Education Institutions in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galang, Angelina P.

2010-01-01

Purpose: To present a national profile of developments in higher education for sustainable development in the Philippines and to analyse a new initiative to accelerate environmental education for sustainable development (EESD) within academic institutions. Design/methodology/approach: This is an evaluative review that examines the design and…

Philippine Classroom Teachers as Researchers: Teachers' Perceptions, Motivations, and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ulla, Mark B.; Barrera, Kenneth Ian B.; Acompanado, Meller M.

2017-01-01

This study explores teachers' perceptions and motivations, challenges, and needs of 50 teachers in Agusan del Norte, Philippines with regards to doing research. Methodologies used were survey questionnaire, and group and individual interviews. Findings revealed that teacher-respondents had a positive perceptions towards doing research and its…

The Impact of Globalization on Teacher Education: The Philippine Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Guzman, Allan B.; dela Rosa, Praxedes S. M.; Arcangel, Clotilde N.

2005-01-01

This qualitative study is an attempt to describe how administrators, teachers and researchers in a select group of teacher education institutions (TEIs) in the capital of the Philippines collectively view globalization. Specifically, concepts of a globalized teacher education, impact of globalization in teacher education, and problems of teacher…

An Overview of Science Education in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kahle, Jane Butler

1975-01-01

Presented is a description of the cooperative efforts of many agencies, beginning in 1958, to improve science and mathematics education in all elementary and secondary schools in the Philippines. Nine regional science teaching centers have been developed and are briefly described as well as teacher salaries, and textbook information. This journal…

Situation Report [--Fiji, Indonesia, Israel, and Philippines].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Planned Parenthood Federation, London (England).

This is a series of four situation reports prepared by the International Planned Parenthood Federation for informational and consultative purposes. The countries reported on are Fiji, Indonesia, Israel, and the Philippines. Some of the latest statistical figures for each country are listed. They are area, population and growth rate, birth, death,…

77 FR 18266 - Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines; Revised...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-27

... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation Nos. 731-TA-865-867 (Second Review)] Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines; Revised Schedule for the Subject Reviews AGENCY: United States International Trade Commission. ACTION: Notice. DATES: Effective Date: March...

TQM Paradigm for Higher Education in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodriguez, Janette; Valenzuela, Madonna; Ayuyao, Nunilon

2018-01-01

Purpose: Critical success factors (CSFs) in total quality management (TQM) implementation are vital to the quality improvement of organizations, including higher education institutions (HEIs). The present study aims to attempt to develop a TQM paradigm contextualized to HEIs in the Philippine setting. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 309…

Optimization of liquid culture conditions of Philippine wild edible mushrooms as potential source of bioactive lipids

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

With remarkable bioactivities and delightful taste, mushrooms have been a commercial nutraceutical around the world. Mushrooms are cultivated on solid materials. Here we report the successful cultivation of four Philippine edible mushrooms in liquid medium. This work highlights the optimal liquid cu...

Suitability of a liquid larval diet for rearing the Philippines fruit fly Bactrocera philippinensis (Diptera:Tephritidae)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A liquid larval diet as an artificial rearing medium was successfully tested for the Philippines fruit fly Bactrocera philippinensis Drew & Hancock. The biological parameters studied were pupal weight, adult emergence and fliers, sex ratio, fecundity and fertility. The insects performed most satisfa...

Energy Plantations in the Republic of the Philippines

Treesearch

Patrick B. Durst

1987-01-01

Development and management of plantations to support wood-energy programs have been aggressively promoted in the Philippines since 1979. Over 60,000 hectarees of energy plantations have been platned under government-supported programs. This paper documents the problems and accomplishments of these programs and describes plantation establishment, maintenance,...

Module-Based Professional Development for Teachers: A Cost-Effective Philippine Experiment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

San Antonio, Diosdado M.; Morales, Nelson S.; Moral, Leo S.

2011-01-01

This article examines the impact of implementing module-based professional development for teachers (MBPDT) in the Philippines. A mixed-method study, experimental design with empirical surveys and an open-ended questionnaire revealed that the experimental group of teachers had greater professional content knowledge compared with the control group…

iss047e083584

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-04-27

ISS047e083584 (04/27/2016) --- The DIWATA-1 satellite is deployed from outside of the Japanese Kibo modul. Intended to observe earth and monitor climate changes, this was the first microsatellite owned by the Philippine government that involved Filipino engineers in the development. It was a joint project between Philippine and Japanese universities.

Understanding Student Attitudes toward Bible Reading: A Philippine Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baring, Rito V.

2008-01-01

Reflecting from the Philippine experience, this article explores an emerging picture that characterizes contemporary Bible reading attitudes of college students. Six new attitude factor definitions are developed following the development of the Bible Reading (BR) attitude scale for college students constructed by this author in a separate study.…

The Philippine System of Education: Some Implications to Agricultural Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mancebo, Samuel T.

The Philippine educational system views education as a human development resource conversion process that can maximize the realization of the national developmental goals. Students comprise the principal input of this manpower resource conversion process. The output is individuals who can find useful and productive employment. Two broad strategies…

Labor Substitution in Philippine Rice Farming Systems: An Analysis of Gender Work Roles.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tisch, S. J.; Paris, T. R.

1994-01-01

Examines the effects of rice technology adoption on gender work roles of husbands and wives in four Philippine villages. Results indicate that work roles are more fluid than suspected and labor substitution occurs between husbands and wives in response to economic opportunities. (SV)

Poverty and Uneven Development: Reflections from a Street Children Project in the Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silva, Teresita

1996-01-01

Discusses causes of the street children phenomenon in the Philippines, emphasizing how uneven development and unequal social order affect socioeconomic, political, and cultural spheres. Examines contributors to poverty--government allocation of funds for debt repayment and military and widespread graft. Notes that street children are often…

Social Equity and Access to a Philippine STEM School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Talaue, Frederick Toralballa

2014-01-01

Like most developing countries in the world, there is a huge gap in opportunities to access quality science education between students from the high- and low-socioeconomic strata of Philippine society. In establishing its own science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) high school, despite limited public funding in 1964, the…

International Briefing 26: Training and Development in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Udani, Zenon Arthur S.; Sunio, Varsolo C.; Dado, Raul H.; Udani, Delia S.

2012-01-01

The Philippines has a population of more than 94 million. In addition, 10 million Filipinos work and live overseas. Filipino talent is ubiquitous overseas, working in offices, universities, hotels and restaurants, factories, shopping malls, theaters and arenas, and private homes around the world. The country's projected high rate of economic…

Studies in Philippine Linguistics. Vol. 1, No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edrial-Luzares, Casilda, Ed.; Hale, Austin, Ed.

This volume is devoted to papers on an empirical or theoretical nature contributing to the study of language and communicative behavior in the Philippines. Articles included are: (1) "The Phonemic Consequences of Two Morphophonemic Rules in Molbog," by H. Arnold Thiessen; (2) "A Look at a Northern Kankanay Text (a syntactic…

The Philippine Department of Education: Challenges of Policy Implementation amidst Corruption

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reyes, Vicente Chua

2010-01-01

This inquiry interrogates the experiences of local implementation actors of the Philippine Department of Education as they navigate through reform efforts within systemic corruption. Departing from dominant analytical paradigms centred on patron-client frameworks, the article introduces the typology of complex linkages where local actors play…

Identification of molecular species of acylglycerols of Philippine wild edible mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Wild edible mushrooms are widely consumed in many countries. Recently, we successfully cultivated four edible medicinal Philippine mushrooms in liquid cultures. One of these is Ganoderma lucidum. With the aim to elucidate the functional bioactive lipids, we identified the lipid species of the solven...

Identification of molecular species of acylglycerols of Philippine wild edible mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Wild edible mushrooms are widely consumed in many countries. We successfully cultivated four edible, medicinal Philippine mushrooms in liquid culture. Recently, we identified the molecular species of acylglycerols in the lipid extract of mushroom G. lucidum NRRL66208. One hundred and three molecular...

38 CFR 21.3333 - Rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Charge fractions of more than one-half day as 1 day; (ii) Disregard fractions of one-half or less; and...) Payments made to eligible persons in the Republic of the Philippines or to certain Filipinos. When the eligible person is pursuing training at an institution located in the Republic of the Philippines or when...

People of Philippines: Building Bridges of Understanding.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT. Language Research Center.

The purpose of this communication learning aid is to help Americans become more effective in understanding and communicating with people of another culture. This publication discusses some differences encountered in the Philippines in such things as food, laws, customs, religion, language, dress and basic attitudes. It is designed to prepare the…

Television in the Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ateneo de Manila Univ., Quezon City (Philippines). Center for Educational Television.

Information about instructional television (ITV) programing in the Philippines is summarized in this three part document. An outline of the status of the Center for Educational Television, Inc., (CETV) and a description of its current activities and financial support are provided in the first section. A narrative review of both CETV and other…

College Choice in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tan, Christine Joy

2009-01-01

This descriptive and correlational study examined the applicability of major U.S. college choice factors to Philippine high school seniors. A sample of 226 students from a private school in Manila completed the College Choice Survey for High School Seniors. Cronbach's alpha for the survey composite index was 0.933. The purposes of this…

The diplomacy of scientific research in the South China Sea: the case of join to oceanographic marine scientific research expedition between Vietnam and the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Satyawan, I. A.

2018-03-01

The South China Sea is one of the hot-spot areas in the world. This area is claimed by China, Malaysia, Brunei, Taiwan, Vietnam and the Philippines. It also noted, the South China Sea is rich in biodiversity as well as oil and gas. On the other side, environmental degradation is still happening in the South China Sea due to the reluctance of surrounding states to conduct a preservation program and mitigating action on climate change effects. Joint Oceanographic Marine Scientific Research Expedition between Vietnam and the Philippines is a breakthrough to start collaboration actions as well as to conduct Science Diplomacy.

Description of a new Oriental stonefly species, Phanoperla constanspina (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcoding.

PubMed

Cruz, Ian Niel B Dela; Nuñeza, Olga M; Lin, Chung-Ping

2016-11-15

A new perlid stonefly, Phanoperla constanspina sp. nov. is described from Mt. Malindang, northern Mindanao, Philippines. The male of the new species is distinguished by lacking lobes on penial sac and large black spines at the penial apex. The female is distinguished by the egg. DNA barcoding was used to associate male, female, and nymphal specimens with 0% divergence. Morphological variation was observed in the shape of the hemitergal anterior processes and the 9th tergal setal patches of male adult and body pigmentation of the nymph. A key to the Philippine Phanoperla species and a checklist of Oriental Phanoperla are also provided.

Upper mantle heterogeneity: Comparisons of regions south of Australia with Philippine Basin

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

The nature of mass anomalies that occur beneath the regions of negative residual depth anomalies were identified. Residual geoid anomalies with negative residual depth anomalies are identified in the Philippine Basin (negative) and in the region south of Australia (positive and negative). In the latter region the geoid anomalies are eastward and the depth anomaly is northeast. It is suggested that the negative depth anomaly and the compensating mass excess in the uppermost mantle developed in the Eocene as the lithosphere of the west Philippine basin formed. Heating of the deeper upper mantle which causes slow surface wave velocities and negative gravity and geoid anomalies may be a younger phenomenon which is still in progress.

A Blind Giant: A Century of US Involvement in the Philippines and the Human Domain

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

235-253. 58 See also Colonel David Maxwell, “Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines: What Would Sun Tzu Say?” Military Review, (May-June 2004), 20...2016). Maxwell, COL David. “Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines: What Would Sun Tzu Say?” Military Review, (May-June 2004): 20-23. Medina...73 6. CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………………………...………..95 GLOSSARY……………………………………………………………....………..…..105 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Sacrificing something important: the lived experience of compensated kidney donors in the Philippines.

PubMed

Paguirigan, Medel Salvador

2012-01-01

The sale of solid organs is illegal in many countries, but the reality is that it happens. This study investigated and identified the structure of sacrificing something important among compensated kidney donors in the Philippines by conducting in-depth, face-to-face dialogues from 13 participants in the town of Baseco, Manila, Philippines. The structure of sacrificing something important among compensated kidney donors emerges from the extrinsic intent of adversity and the intrinsic intent of altruism, which is instrumental to the struggle of making a difficult decision, emerging in the act with reciprocation, and although resulting in the consequences of health deterioration and loss, resilience makes bouncing back possible.

Social Perceptions of Achieving Students and Achievement Goals of Students in Malaysia and the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernardo, Allan B. I.; Ismail, Rosnah

2010-01-01

The study investigates the hypothesis that country differences in achievement goals of students are associated with differences in how students with different achievement goals are perceived by students in different cultures. University students from Malaysia and the Philippine were asked to complete questionnaires on their achievement goals and…

Outbreak of henipavirus infection, Philippines, 2014.

PubMed

Ching, Paola Katrina G; de los Reyes, Vikki Carr; Sucaldito, Maria Nemia; Tayag, Enrique; Columna-Vingno, Alah Baby; Malbas, Fedelino F; Bolo, Gilbert C; Sejvar, James J; Eagles, Debbie; Playford, Geoffrey; Dueger, Erica; Kaku, Yoshihiro; Morikawa, Shigeru; Kuroda, Makoto; Marsh, Glenn A; McCullough, Sam; Foxwell, A Ruth

2015-02-01

During 2014, henipavirus infection caused severe illness among humans and horses in southern Philippines; fatality rates among humans were high. Horse-to-human and human-to-human transmission occurred. The most likely source of horse infection was fruit bats. Ongoing surveillance is needed for rapid diagnosis, risk factor investigation, control measure implementation, and further virus characterization.

Philippines Government Boosts Opportunity for Renewable Energy Investments

Science.gov Websites

development in the Philippines. These changes aim to use renewable energy to enhance economic growth and alleviate poverty, while reducing oil imports and protecting the environment. The changes were based on a International Development at Manila, and the interagency Technology Cooperation Agreement Pilot Project of USAID

Counterinsurgency in the Philippines. Problems and Prospects

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-10-01

funds and the farmer-producers in the rural areas are practically begging for start-up funds with which to finance a backyard poultry farm, a cottage...257-70. Burton, Sandra. "Aquino’s Philippines: The Center Holds." Foreign Affairs 65:3 (America and the World 1986): 524-37. Butcher , Scott. U.S

Far East Air Forces’ Contributions in the Retaking of the Philippines, 1944-1945

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-13

the Philippines. FEAF’s redemption encompassed two years and 3,600 miles, a distance a little less than to flying from the Panama Canal to Vancouver...carrier-based aviation to gain air superiority and destroy ground defense positions, followed by a massive ground troop disembarkation on the beaches.68...

On the identity of the tiger beetle Cicindela philippinensis Mandl, 1956 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae).

PubMed

Zettel, Herbert; Pangantihon, Clister V

2015-04-02

In the course of preparing a key to the Philippine tiger beetle genera (Pangantihon & Zettel, in prep.) it became necessary to examine the holotype of Cicindela philippinensis Mandl, 1956, the only specimen from the Philippines that has been tentatively assigned to the genus Myriochila Motschulsky, 1857.

Women's Formal Education and Economic Growth: The Case of the Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crawford, LouEllen; Sidener, Nancy L.

Research indicates that the education of Philippine women pays off in the economic growth of the country. Previous research which examined women's contribution to national income in six countries indicated that levels of educational attainment and levels of per capita national income were positively or moderately associated in five of the…

Quo Vadis? LIS Postgraduate Education in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dizon, Fernan R.; Sagun, Karryl Kim A.; Alfiler-Macalalad, Ana Grace P.

2011-01-01

The paper intends to shed light on the predicament faced by many Filipino. Librarians: the lack of local institutions offering a library and information science (LIS) postgraduate degree. The paper aims to reveal the state of Philippine LIS postgraduate education by considering the number of librarians who have pursued and are still pursuing…

Crisis in the Philippines: A Threat to U.S. Interests.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gregor, A. James

The special relationship between the United States and the Philippines is chronicled, and the potential threats to that relationship are exposed and evaluated. Special attention is paid to imposition of martial law by Marcos from 1972-1981. The human rights of the Filipino people during martial law, development programs implemented by Marcos…

U.S. Army Full Spectrum Operations in the Philippine Islands, 1898-1941

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-05-01

Department deemed the Philippine Islands as a critical strategic forward operating base for the U.S. Military, and garrisoned large amounts of personnel...and resources to defend and maintain it as a large staging base and symbol of American might.6 The U.S. Military was the critical and most

Non-formal Education in the Philippines: A Fundamental Step towards Lifelong Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzales, Ma. Celeste T.; Pijano, Ma. Concepcion V.

In order to significantly contribute to human resource development, the Philippines must develop an integrated educational system of lifelong learning, with a special emphasis on non-formal education. Despite the value that is placed on formal, or sequential academic schooling, it is non-formal schooling that makes accessible the acquisition of…

Situation Report--Hong Kong, Malawi, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa), Sabah, Sarawak.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Planned Parenthood Federation, London (England).

Data relating to population and family planning in eight foreign countries are presented in these situation reports. Countries included are Hong Kong, Malawi, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa), Sabah, and Sarawak. Information is provided where appropriate and available, under two topics, general background and family planning…

Situation Report--Antigua, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Planned Parenthood Federation, London (England).

Data relating to population and family planning in nine foreign countries are presented in these situation reports. Countries included are: Antigua, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa), St. Lucia, and St. Vincent. Information is provided under two topics, general background and family planning…

Structures of hydroxy fatty acids as the constituents of triacylglycerols in Philippine wild edible mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Edible Philippine mushrooms including Ganoderma lucidum have many health benefits. We have recently reported the identities and the contents of 77 molecular species of acylglycerols containing hydroxy fatty acids (HFA) in this mushroom. The structures of these HFA were proposed using the electrospra...

Large-scale confirmatory tests of a phytosanitary irradiation treatment against Sternochetus frigidus (F.) in Philippine mango

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The mango pulp weevil, Sternochetus frigidus (F.) is an important quarantine pest preventing the export of mangoes from the Philippines to the United States and other countries. Previously, a radiation dose of 100 Gy was proposed for phytosanitary treatment of S. frigidus based on dose-response stud...

Hiligaynon Lessons. PALI Language Texts: Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Motus, Cecile L.

A collection of 54 lessons in Hiligaynon, one of the major languages of the Philippines, is divided into 12 units, each lesson intended for about 4 to 5 hours of classroom instruction. A brief grammar summary introduces each unit. A structural content note begins each lesson within the units, followed by microdialogues (two to four lines)…

77 FR 39735 - Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-05

... revocation of the antidumping duty orders on stainless steel butt-weld pipe fittings From Italy, Malaysia... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation Nos. 731-TA-865-867 (Second Review)] Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines Determination On the basis of the...

Does Clean Water Make You Dirty? Water Supply and Sanitation in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Daniel

2012-01-01

Water supply investments in developing countries may inadvertently worsen sanitation if clean water and sanitation are substitutes. This paper examines the negative correlation between the provision of piped water and household sanitary behavior in Cebu, the Philippines. In a model of household sanitation, a local externality leads to a sanitation…

Siphonoecetini Just, 1983 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Ischyroceridae) 11: Cephaloecetes schioettei sp. nov. from The Philippines.

PubMed

Just, Jean

2017-05-29

The new species described below, Cephaloecetes schioettei, is the second siphonoecetine to be recorded from the archipelago region of Indonesia, The Philippines and Papua New Guinea. The previous reports were of Borneoecetes wongi Barnard & Thomas, 1984 from Borneo and from Papua New Guinea by Myers (1995).

Counseling in the Philippines: Past, Present, and Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tuason, Ma. Teresa G.; Galang Fernandez, Karina Therese; Catipon, Maria Aurora D. P.; Trivino-Dey, Louise; Arellano-Carandang, Ma. Lourdes

2012-01-01

The history of colonization and persistent attempts at self-governance in the Philippines parallel the beginnings of counseling in the country, which were largely influenced by the United States. Because of the Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004 and the Psychology Act of 2009, counseling is on its way to professionalization and regulation.…

Nutritional significance and acceptance of solar-dried foods of rural Leyte Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Swanson, M.A.

1987-01-01

Training in solar dryer construction and food preservation was provided to villagers in three barangays in rural Leyte, Philippines. A 24 hour dietary recall assessed dietary status of the women prior to the solar dried food intervention. Nutrients of greatest dietary concern were thiamine, vitamin A, riboflavin, iron and energy.

A Move-Analytic Contrastive Study on the Introductions of American and Philippine Master's Theses in Architecture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lintao, Rachelle B.; Erfe, Jonathan P.

2012-01-01

This study purports to foster the understanding of profession-based academic writing in two different cultural conventions by examining the rhetorical moves employed by American and Philippine thesis introductions in Architecture using Swales' 2004 Revised CARS move-analytic model as framework. Twenty (20) Master's thesis introductions in…

Children's Participation in Decision-Making in the Philippines: Understanding the Attitudes of Policy-Makers and Service Providers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bessell, Sharon

2009-01-01

This article explores the ideas about children's participation in decision-making held by government officials and non-government representatives engaged in promoting children's participation in the Philippines. It suggests that the ideas that policy-makers and service deliverers hold about children's participation are heterogeneous, diverse and…

Defense.gov Special Report: Operation Damayan

Science.gov Websites

disabilities experiencing difficulties accessing content on archive.defense.gov, please use the DoD Section 508 thanked them for their role in assisting the people of the Philippines during Operation Damayan. Story U.S Philippines The most effective way to support people affected by disasters, including Typhoon Yolanda/Haiyan

Lifelong Learning from Natural Disasters: Transformative Group-Based Learning at Philippine Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dahl, Kari Kragh Blume; Millora, Christopher Malagad

2016-01-01

This study explores reflective experience during transformative, group-based learning among university leaders following a natural disaster such as a typhoon in two Philippine universities. Natural disasters are recurrent phenomena in many parts of the world, but the literature largely ignores their impact on lifelong human learning, for instance…

Transitions and Transformations in Philippine Physics Education Curriculum: A Case Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morales, Marie Paz E.

2017-01-01

Curriculum, curricular transition and reform define transformational outcome-based education (OBE) in the Philippine education system. This study explores how alignment may be done with a special physics education program to suit the OBE curricular agenda for pre-service physics education, known as an outcome-based teacher education curriculum…

Chronicling Decentralization Initiatives in the Philippine Basic Education Sector

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Guzman, Allan B.

2007-01-01

The Philippine school system is considered as one of the largest in the world with 41,989 public elementary and secondary schools and 7790 private schools under the supervision and regulation of the Department of Education (DepEd Fact Sheet, 2005). This paper chronicles various decentralization initiatives carried out by the basic education sector…

"Ladlad" and Parrhesiastic Pedagogy: Unfurling LGBT Politics and Education in the Global South

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coloma, Roland Sintos

2013-01-01

This article examines the political and educational activism of "Ladlad," the first lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) political party in the Philippines and the only existing LGBT political party in the world. Founded in 2003, "Ladlad" fielded candidates for the 2010 national election in the Philippines, amidst…

Demographic Influence on Emotional Intelligence of Science Technology and Engineering Teachers in Region 1 Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Llego, Jordan Hso

2017-01-01

This study investigated the Emotional Intelligence (EI) of Science, Technology and Engineering (STE) science teachers based on their demographic profile. Total enumeration was used and 113 STE science teachers in Region 1 Philippines participated in this study. The study adopted descriptive- quantitative research design, frequency count and…

ICT-Enabled Distance Education in Community Development in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramos, Angelo Juan; Nangit, Genevieve; Ranga, Adelina I.; Trinona, Jerome

2007-01-01

The Philippines, an archipelago of 7,100 islands in Southeast Asia, faces new opportunities as it competes with the rest of the world in the information and communication technology (ICT) arena. New industries including call centers, foreign medical transcription services, and the hugely popular multiplayer online gaming systems require the…

78 FR 64248 - Notice Pursuant to The National Cooperative Research and Production Act of 1993; DVD Copy Control...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-28

..., Shenzhen, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA; Smart Electronics Manufacturing Service Philippine, Calamba City, Laguna, PHILIPPINES; SoJean International Co., Ltd., His-Chih City, Taipei Hsien, TAIWAN; and YuCha (Hong...; CyberLink Corporation, Shindian City, Taipei, TAIWAN; D&M Holdings Inc., Chuo-ku, Tokyo, JAPAN; Daesung...

Landscapes of Literacy: An Ethnographic Study of Functional Literacy in Marginal Philippine Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canieso-Doronila, Maria Luisa

Thirteen marginal Philippine communities were examined in an ethnographic study of the meaning of functional literacy and whether literacy invariably promotes development. The 13 sites were purposely selected to provide a broad sampling from three standpoints: (1) major livelihood and form of economic activity (farming, fishing, urban poor,…

A Report on Special Education in the Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1971

Presented at the Pan Pacific Conference on the Education of Exceptional Children (Honolulu, Hawaii, February 9-12, 1971), the paper concerns special education in the Philippines. A brief review of the educational system on the island is provided and the educational system presently in operation for handicapped children and youth is described.…

Public Education in the Philippine Islands. Bulletin, 1935, No. 9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook, Katherine M.

1935-01-01

The initiation and development of public education in the Philippine Islands is unique in modern educational history. Probably only among a people with an enthusiastic belief in the significance of education, under the benevolent guidance of a nation with an equally enthusiastic confidence in its possibilities, could the educational experiment…

Unemployment of Educated Youth in Asia: A Comparative Analysis of the Situation in India, Bangladesh and the Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Das, A. K.

This study of unemployment among university graduates in West Bengal (India), Bangladesh, and the Philippines provides socioeconomic and educational characteristics of these areas, a comparative analysis of unemployment, and suggested measures for reducing unemployment. The International Institute for Educational Planning studies, focusing on…

A retrospective review of the dermatologic manifestations of chronic arsenic poisoning in the Philippines.

PubMed

Sy, Sheena Maureen T; Salud-Gnilo, Charissa M; Yap-Silva, Claudine; Tababa, Erin Jane L

2017-07-01

The Section of Dermatology of the University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital, reported a case of chronic arsenic poisoning from a community in Luzon island to the Department of Health resulting in the conduct of two health and environmental assessment missions in December 2014. To describe the demographic profile and cutaneous manifestations of chronic arsenic poisoning among affected residents in Luzon, Philippines. A review of the medical records of 116 residents screened during the health assessment missions in December 2014 was conducted. Among the 116 residents screened, 81 (70%) had clinically confirmed arsenic keratoses and hyperpigmentation. Among them, 52 were males and 29 were females with age range of 4-82 years. Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma in situ were detected through skin biopsy. High levels of arsenic in the tap water and topsoil supported the occurrence of an epidemic of chronic arsenic poisoning. Specific dermatologic findings of arsenic keratoses and pigmentation were common among the residents screened. Significantly higher occurrence of arsenic keratoses was seen in adults. © 2017 The International Society of Dermatology.

Acoustic characterization of ultrasonic vocalizations by a nocturnal primate Tarsius syrichta.

PubMed

Gursky-Doyen, Sharon

2013-07-01

This preliminary study characterizes the ultrasonic vocalizations produced by Philippine tarsiers, Tarsius syrichta. Data were collected at the Philippine Tarsier Foundation Sanctuary in Corella, Bohol, Philippines, from July through October 2010. Recordings were made on a Wildlife Acoustics Ultrasonic Song Meter 2 BAT from 29 wild, free-living adult resident T. syrichta (23 females and six males). A total of 10,309 USVs were recorded. These vocalizations fell into three main categories: chirps, twitters, and whistles. Chirps were the most frequent, followed by twitters and whistles. Whereas chirps and twitters were emitted by both male and female Philippine tarsiers, whistles were only emitted by adult males. Given that vocalizations reported in this study were exclusively recorded during capture and handling, it is very likely that these vocalizations function as distress calls. However, as the long whistle was only given by adult males who were captured at the same time as the female or the group's infant, the function of the long whistle might be slightly different than the function of the other relatively lower-frequency USVs.

Reston ebolavirus in humans and animals in the Philippines: a review.

PubMed

Miranda, Mary Elizabeth G; Miranda, Noel Lee J

2011-11-01

The 2008 Reston ebolavirus infection event in domestic pigs has triggered continuing epidemiologic investigations among Philippine health and veterinary agencies in collaboration with international filovirus experts. Prior to this, there were only 3 known and documented Reston ebolavirus outbreaks in nonhuman primates in the world, all traced back to a single geographic source in the Philippines in a monkey breeding/export facility. The first one in 1989 was the first-ever Ebola virus that emerged outside of Africa and was also the first known natural infection of Ebola virus in nonhuman primates. When it was first discovered among laboratory monkeys in the United States, the source was immediately traced back to the farm located in the Philippines. The second outbreak was in 1992-93. The third episode in 1996 was the last known outbreak before Reston ebolavirus reemerged in pigs in 2008. The isolated outbreaks involving 2 animal species bring forth issues requiring further investigations, and highlight the significance of intersectoral collaboration to effectively address zoonoses prevention and control/response in the interest of minimizing public health risk.

Hospital preparedness for Ebola virus disease: a training course in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Carlos, Celia; Capistrano, Rowena; Tobora, Charissa Fay; delos Reyes, Mari Rose; Lupisan, Socorro; Corpuz, Aura; Aumentado, Charito; Suy, Lyndon Lee; Hall, Julie; Donald, Julian; Counahan, Megan; Curless, Melanie S; Rhymer, Wendy; Gavin, Melanie; Lynch, Chelsea; Black, Meredith A; Anduyon, Albert D; Buttner, Petra

2015-01-01

Objective To develop, teach and evaluate a training workshop that could rapidly prepare large numbers of health professionals working in hospitals in the Philippines to detect and safely manage Ebola virus disease (EVD). The strategy was to train teams (each usually with five members) of key health professionals from public, private and local government hospitals across the Philippines who could then guide Ebola preparedness in their hospitals. Methods The workshop was developed collaboratively by the Philippine Department of Health and the country office of the World Health Organization. It was evaluated using a pre- and post-workshop test and two evaluation forms. χ2 tests and linear regression analyses were conducted comparing pre- and post-workshop test results. Results A three-day workshop was developed and used to train 364 doctors, nurses and medical technologists from 78 hospitals across the Philippines in three initial batches. Knowledge about EVD increased significantly (P < 0.009) although knowledge on transmission remained suboptimal. Confidence in managing EVD increased significantly (P = 0.018) with 96% of participants feeling more prepared to safely manage EVD cases. Discussion: The three-day workshop to prepare hospital staff for EVD was effective at increasing the level of knowledge about EVD and the level of confidence in managing EVD safely. This workshop could be adapted for use as baseline training in EVD in other developing countries to prepare large numbers of hospital staff to rapidly detect, isolate and safely manage EVD cases. PMID:25960920

Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards and success stories in disaster prevention and mitigation in the Philippines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahar Francisco Lagmay, Alfredo

2016-04-01

The Philippines, being a locus of typhoons, tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions, is a hotbed of disasters. Natural hazards inflict loss of lives and costly damage to property in the country. In 2011, after tropical storm Washi devastated cities in southern Philippines, the Department of Science and Technology put in place a responsive program to warn and give communities hours-in-advance lead-time to prepare for imminent hazards and use advanced science and technology to enhance geohazard maps for more effective disaster prevention and mitigation. Since its launch, there have been many success stories on the use of Project NOAH, which after Typhoon Haiyan was integrated into the Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment (PDRA) system of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), the government agency tasked to prepare for, and respond to, natural calamities. Learning from past disasters, NDRRMC now issues warnings, through scientific advise from DOST-Project NOAH and PAGASA (Philippine Weather Bureau) that are hazards-specific, area-focused and time-bound. Severe weather events in 2015 generated dangerous hazard phenomena such as widespread floods and massive debris flows, which if not for timely, accessible and understandable warnings, could have turned into disasters. We call these events as "disasters that did not happen". The innovative warning system of the Philippine government has so far proven effective in addressing the impacts of hydrometeorological hazards and can be employed elsewhere in the world.

Criteria for successful exploration for Miocene reef production in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Downey, M.W.

1990-06-01

An abundance of modern geologic, geophysical, and geochemical data has been provided to interested members of the petroleum industry by the Philippine government, in cooperation with the World Bank. These data have been analyzed to assess whether more, and larger, Miocene reef fields should be expected in the Philippines. In the past decade, exploration by Cities Service (OXY), Amoco, Alcorn, and others has resulted in the discovery of several small Miocene reef and Miocene sandstone oil fields in offshore Palawan. Phillips/Shell also made a significant gas discovery of about 750 bcf in a Palawan Miocene reef that is currently uneconomicmore » to develop given the water depth (1,090 ft) and distance from users. Miocene reefs are commonly buried within Miocene clastics, and, where these impinging clastics are porous, they allow pathways for hydrocarbons to leak from the Miocene reefs. Drape closure is an important positive factor in assessing seal risk for Philippine Miocene reefs. Source rocks to charge middle and upper Miocene reefs are typically restricted to lower Miocene horizons. Geothermal gradients are modest in much of the Philippine offshore, and only select areas provide sufficient burial to mature and expel significant hydrocarbons. It is predicted by the author that additional, larger, and highly profitable Miocene reef fields will be found by future explorers in areas where Miocene reefs have drape closure top seals and are adjacent to deeply buried Miocene source rocks.« less

Providing antenatal corticosteroids for preterm birth: a quality improvement initiative in Cambodia and the Philippines.

PubMed

Smith, Jeffrey Michael; Gupta, Shivam; Williams, Emma; Brickson, Kate; Ly Sotha, Keth; Tep, Navuth; Calibo, Anthony; Castro, Mary Christine; Marinduque, Bernabe; Hathaway, Mark

2016-12-01

To determine whether a simple quality improvement initiative consisting of a technical update and regular audit and feedback sessions will result in increased use of antenatal corticosteroids among pregnant women at risk of imminent preterm birth delivering at health facilities in the Philippines and Cambodia. Non-randomized, observational study using a pre-/post-intervention design conducted between October 2013 and June 2014. A total of 12 high volume facilities providing Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care services in Cambodia (6) and Philippines (6). A technical update on preterm birth and use of antenatal corticosteroids, followed by monthly audit and feedback sessions. The proportion of women at risk of imminent preterm birth who received at least one dose of dexamethasone. Coverage of at least one dose of dexamethasone increased from 35% at baseline to 86% at endline in Cambodia (P < 0.0001) and from 34% at baseline to 56% at endline in the Philippines (P < 0.0001), among women who had births at 24-36 weeks. In both settings baseline coverage and magnitude of improvement varied notably by facility. Availability of dexamethasone, knowledge of use and cost were not major barriers to coverage. A simple quality improvement strategy was feasible and effective in increasing use of dexamethasone in the management of preterm birth in 12 hospitals in Cambodia and Philippines. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press in association with the International Society for Quality in Health Care.

Disseminating near-real-time hazards information and flood maps in the Philippines through Web-GIS.

PubMed

A Lagmay, Alfredo Mahar Francisco; Racoma, Bernard Alan; Aracan, Ken Adrian; Alconis-Ayco, Jenalyn; Saddi, Ivan Lester

2017-09-01

The Philippines being a locus of tropical cyclones, tsunamis, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, is a hotbed of disasters. These natural hazards inflict loss of lives and costly damage to property. Situated in a region where climate and geophysical tempest is common, the Philippines will inevitably suffer from calamities similar to those experienced recently. With continued development and population growth in hazard prone areas, it is expected that damage to infrastructure and human losses would persist and even rise unless appropriate measures are immediately implemented by government. In 2012, the Philippines launched a responsive program for disaster prevention and mitigation called the Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards (Project NOAH), specifically for government warning agencies to be able to provide a 6hr lead-time warning to vulnerable communities against impending floods and to use advanced technology to enhance current geo-hazard vulnerability maps. To disseminate such critical information to as wide an audience as possible, a Web-GIS using mashups of freely available source codes and application program interface (APIs) was developed and can be found in the URLs http://noah.dost.gov.ph and http://noah.up.edu.ph/. This Web-GIS tool is now heavily used by local government units in the Philippines in their disaster prevention and mitigation efforts and can be replicated in countries that have a proactive approach to address the impacts of natural hazards but lack sufficient funds. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Source country perceptions, experiences, and recommendations regarding health workforce migration: a case study from the Philippines.

PubMed

Marcus, Kanchan; Quimson, Gabriella; Short, Stephanie D

2014-10-31

The Philippines continues to overproduce nurses for export. Little first-hand evidence exists from leading organisations in the Philippines concerning their experiences and perceptions in relation to Filipino nurse migration. What are their views about health workforce migration? This paper addresses this research gap by providing a source country perspective on Filipino nurse migration to Australia. Focus-group interviews were conducted with key informants from nine Filipino organisations in the Philippines by an Australian-Filipino research team. The organisations were purposively selected and contacted in person, by phone, and/or email. Qualitative thematic analysis was performed using a coding framework. Health workforce migration is perceived to have both positive and negative consequences. On the one hand, emigration offers a welcome opportunity for individual Filipino nurses to migrate abroad in order to achieve economic, professional, lifestyle, and social benefits. On the other, as senior and experienced nurses are attracted overseas, this results in the maldistribution of health workers particularly affecting rural health outcomes for people in developing countries. Problems such as 'volunteerism' also emerged in our study. In the context of the WHO (2010) Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel it is to be hoped that, in the future, government recruiters, managers, and nursing leaders can utilise these insights in designing recruitment, orientation, and support programmes for migrant nurses that are more sensitive to the experience of the Philippines' education and health sectors and their needs.

The burden of hospitalizations and clinic visits for rotavirus disease in children aged <5 years in the Philippines.

PubMed

Carlos, Celia C; Inobaya, Marianette T; Bresee, Joseph S; Lagrada, Marietta L; Olorosa, Agnettah M; Kirkwood, Carl D; Widdowson, Marc-Alain

2009-11-01

Recent data on the burden of hospitalization and clinic visits for rotavirus gastroenteritis are needed to support the decision to introduce rotavirus vaccine in the Philippines. From 2005 through 2006, children aged <5 years with acute diarrhea who attended 1 of 7 clinics and/or hospitals in Muntinlupa City, the Philippines, were enrolled. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and a stool specimen was obtained for rotavirus testing and typing for G and P antigens. The incidences of different clinical outcomes of rotavirus gastroenteritis were determined for 3 townships under surveillance and were extrapolated to the Philippines with use of national data sets. The prevalence of rotavirus was 31% (171/560) among children hospitalized with diarrhea, 30% (155/520) among those who presented to the emergency department, and 15% (56/385) among those who presented to a clinic. The annual estimated incidence (per 100,000 children aged <5 years) of rotavirus gastroenteritis in outpatient, emergency department, and inpatient settings was 755, 451, and 279, respectively. Of 274 strains, 50 (18%) were nontypeable. Of the 128 strains that underwent G and P typing, 98% belong to the globally common strains G3P[P], G2P[4], and G1P[8]. The burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in the Philippines is high and is predominantly caused by strains against which current vaccines have shown good efficacy, suggesting that routine immunization will have a large impact on rotavirus disease burden.

Forensic DNA evidence and the death penalty in the Philippines.

PubMed

De Ungria, M C A; Sagum, M S; Calacal, G C; Delfin, F C; Tabbada, K A; Dalet, M R M; Te, T O; Diokno, J I; Diokno, M S I; Asplen, C A

2008-09-01

The death penalty remains a contentious issue even though it has been abolished in countries such as Australia, New Zealand, Canada, European Union member nations and some Asian countries such as Cambodia, East Timor and Nepal. Many argue that the irrevocability of the death penalty, in the face of potential erroneous convictions, can never justify its imposition. The Philippines, the first Asian country that abolished the death penalty in 1987, held the record for the most number of mandatory death offenses (30 offenses) and death eligible offenses (22 offenses) after it was re-imposed in 1994. Majority of death penalty convictions were decided based on testimonial evidence. While such cases undergo automatic review by the Supreme Court, the appellate process in the Philippines is not structured to accept post-conviction evidence, including DNA evidence. Because of the compelling nature of post-conviction DNA evidence in overturning death penalty convictions in the United States, different groups advocated its use in the Philippines. In one such case, People v Reynaldo de Villa, the defendant was charged with raping his 13-year-old niece that supposedly led to birth of a female child, a situation commonly known as 'criminal paternity'. This paper reports the results of the first post-conviction DNA test using 16 Short Tandem Repeat (STR) DNA markers in a criminal paternity case (People v Reynaldo de Villa) and discusses the implications of these results in the Philippine criminal justice system.

Infant and young child feeding indicators across nine East and Southeast Asian countries: an analysis of National Survey Data 2000-2005.

PubMed

Dibley, Michael J; Senarath, Upul; Agho, Kingsley E

2010-09-01

To compare infant and young child feeding practices in children aged 0-23 months across nine East and Southeast Asian countries. Secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from available Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS; Indonesia, Philippines, Timor-Leste, Cambodia and Vietnam), Multiple Indicator Country Surveys (Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and Myanmar) and national nutrition surveys (Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPR Korea) and Mongolia) conducted between 2000 and 2005. Seven countries from Southeast Asia and two from East Asia. Children aged 0-23 months with samples ranging from 826 to 5610 for DHS, and from 477 to 5860 for non-DHS data. More than 93 % of infants were ever breast-fed, and over 75 % were currently breast-fed except in the Philippines. Timely initiation of breast-feeding varied from 32 % in Indonesia to 46 % in Timor-Leste. Exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) rate in infants under 6 months of age ranged from 11 % in Myanmar to 60 % in Cambodia. EBF rates were also low in Vietnam (15.5 %) and Lao PDR (23 %), and varied between 30 % and 40 % in Indonesia, Philippines and Timor-Leste. The proportion of infants under 6 months of age who were given breast milk with non-milk liquids was high except in Indonesia and Timor-Leste. Bottle-feeding rates were lower in DPR Korea (3 %), Lao PDR (6 %) and Myanmar (6 %) and higher in the Philippines (49 %) and Mongolia (31 %). Timely complementary-feeding rate varied widely across countries (6-99 %). All the countries studied should make greater efforts to improve timely initiation of breast-feeding and EBF for 6 months. Measures should be taken to reduce high bottle-feeding rate in the Philippines, Mongolia, Indonesia and Vietnam, and improve complementary-feeding rate in Lao PDR, Myanmar, DPR Korea and Philippines.

Paleomagnetic evidence from land-based and ODP cores for clockwise rotation and northward translation of the Phillippine Sea plate

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cisowski, S.M.; Fuller, M.; Haston, R.B.

1990-06-01

On-land and deep-sea core paleomagnetic data have been collected from around the Philippine Sea plate. Data from the Palau islands suggest 70{degree} of clockwise rotation and northward translation since the mid-Oligocene. The authors interpret this rotation as a rotation of the West Philippine Sea basin as a whole. New paleomagnetic data from Guam indicate 70{degree} of clockwise rotation and northward translation since the early Oligocene. Although Eocene results have been previously quoted, the new data suggest that there is no reliable Eocene data from Guam. New data from Saipan suggest 50-60{degree} of clockwise rotation since the Late Eocene and 20{degree}more » of clockwise rotation since the mid-Miocene, along with northward translation. During ODP Leg 126, a new technique utilizing the formation microscanner logging tool was employed to obtain orientated drill cores from the Bonin forearc basin. Preliminary results indicate that 70-110{degree} of clockwise rotation has occurred there since the mid-Oligocene. Inclination studies on cores from ODP Legs 125 and 126 along with the on-land paleomagnetic data support 15{degree} of northward translation of the Philippine Sea plate since the mid-Oligocene. The consistent clockwise rotations found around the Philippine Sea plate suggest that the entire plate, including the Bonin and Mariana arcs, has rotated more than 50{degree} since the mid-Oligocene. The similarity of Oligocene results from the Bonin forearc and Guam suggest that little or no relative rotation has occurred between these two points. This implies that the shape of the Mariana arc is probably not due to rotational deformation. The northward translation and clockwise rotation of the Philippine Sea plate established oblique subduction along the proto-Philippine margin, which could account for the 600 km of subducted slab beneath the eastern Celebes Sea.« less

Epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in the Philippines: a systematic review.

PubMed

Lopez, Anna Lena; Aldaba, Josephine G; Roque, Vito G; Tandoc, Amado O; Sy, Ava Kristy; Espino, Fe Esperanza; DeQuiroz-Castro, Maricel; Jee, Youngmee; Ducusin, Maria Joyce; Fox, Kimberley K

2015-03-01

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an important cause of encephalitis in most of Asia, with high case fatality rates and often significant neurologic sequelae among survivors. The epidemiology of JE in the Philippines is not well defined. To support consideration of JE vaccine for introduction into the national schedule in the Philippines, we conducted a systematic literature review and summarized JE surveillance data from 2011 to 2014. We conducted searches on Japanese encephalitis and the Philippines in four databases and one library. Data from acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) and JE surveillance and from the national reference laboratory from January 2011 to March 2014 were tabulated and mapped. We identified 29 published reports and presentations on JE in the Philippines, including 5 serologic surveys, 18 reports of clinical cases, and 8 animal studies (including two with both clinical cases and animal data). The 18 clinical studies reported 257 cases of laboratory-confirmed JE from 1972 to 2013. JE virus (JEV) was the causative agent in 7% to 18% of cases of clinical meningitis and encephalitis combined, and 16% to 40% of clinical encephalitis cases. JE predominantly affected children under 15 years of age and 6% to 7% of cases resulted in death. Surveillance data from January 2011 to March 2014 identified 73 (15%) laboratory-confirmed JE cases out of 497 cases tested. This comprehensive review demonstrates the endemicity and extensive geographic range of JE in the Philippines, and supports the use of JE vaccine in the country. Continued and improved surveillance with laboratory confirmation is needed to systematically quantify the burden of JE, to provide information that can guide prioritization of high risk areas in the country and determination of appropriate age and schedule of vaccine introduction, and to measure the impact of preventive measures including immunization against this important public health threat.

National Influenza Surveillance in the Philippines from 2006 to 2012: seasonality and circulating strains.

PubMed

Lucero, Marilla G; Inobaya, Marianette T; Nillos, Leilani T; Tan, Alvin G; Arguelles, Vina Lea F; Dureza, Christine Joy C; Mercado, Edelwisa S; Bautista, Analisa N; Tallo, Veronica L; Barrientos, Agnes V; Rodriguez, Tomas; Olveda, Remigio M

2016-12-19

The results of routine influenza surveillance in 13 regions in the Philippines from 2006 to 2012 are presented, describing the annual seasonal epidemics of confirmed influenza virus infection, seasonal and alert thresholds, epidemic curve, and circulating influenza strains. Retrospective analysis of Philippine influenza surveillance data from 2006 to 2012 was conducted to determine seasonality with the use of weekly influenza positivity rates and calculating epidemic curves and seasonal and alert thresholds using the World Health Organization (WHO) global epidemiological surveillance standards for influenza. Increased weekly influenza positive rates were observed from June to November, coinciding with the rainy season and school opening. Two or more peaks of influenza activity were observed with different dominant influenza types associated with each peak. A-H1N1, A-H3N2, and two types of B viruses circulated during the influenza season in varying proportions every year. Increased influenza activity for 2012 occurred 8 weeks late in week 29, rather than the expected week of rise of cases in week 21 as depicted in the established average epidemic curve and seasonal threshold. The intensity was severe going above the alert threshold but of short duration. Southern Hemisphere vaccine strains matched circulating influenza virus for more surveillance years than Northern Hemisphere vaccine strains. Influenza seasonality in the Philippines is from June to November. The ideal time to administer Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine should be from April to May. With two lineages of influenza B circulating annually, quadrivalent vaccine might have more impact on influenza control than trivalent vaccine. Establishment of thresholds and average epidemic curve provide a tool for policy-makers to assess the intensity or severity of the current influenza epidemic even early in its course, to help plan more precisely resources necessary to control the outbreak. Influenza surveillance activities should be continued in the Philippines and funding for such activities should already be incorporated into the Philippine health budget.

A Community-Based Validation Study of the Short-Form 36 Version 2 Philippines (Tagalog) in Two Cities in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Castillo-Carandang, Nina T.; Sison, Olivia T.; Grefal, Mary Lenore; Sy, Rody G.; Alix, Oliver C.; Llanes, Elmer Jasper B.; Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M.; Gumatay, Allan Wilbert G.; Punzalan, Felix Eduardo R.; Velandria, Felicidad V.; Tai, E. Shyong; Wee, Hwee-Lin

2013-01-01

Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Philippines (Tagalog) Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2®) standard questionnaire among Filipinos residing in two cities. Study Design and Setting The official Philippines (Tagalog) SF-36v2 standard (4-week recall) version was pretested on 30 participants followed by formal and informal cognitive debriefing. To obtain the feedback on translation by bilingual respondents, each SF-36v2 question was stated first in English followed by Tagalog. No revisions to the original questionnaire were needed except that participants thought it was appropriate to incorporate "po" in the instructions to make it more polite. Face-to-face interviews of 562 participants aged 20-50 years living in two barangays (villages) in the highly urbanized city of Makati City (Metro Manila) and in urban and rural barangays in Tanauan City (province of Batangas) were subsequently conducted. Content validity, item level validity, reliability and factor structure of the SF-36v2 (Tagalog) were examined. Results Content validity of the SF-36v2 was assessed to be adequate for assessing health status among Filipinos. Item means of Philippines (Tagalog) SF-36v2 were similar with comparable scales in the US English, Singapore (English and Chinese) and Thai SF-36 version 1. Item-scale correlation exceeded 0.4 for all items except the bathing item in PF (correlation: 0.31). In exploratory factor analysis, the US two-component model was supported. However, in confirmatory factor analysis, the Japanese three-component model fit the Tagalog data better than the US two-component model. Conclusions The Philippines (Tagalog) SF-36v2 is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring health status among residents of Makati City (Metro Manila) and Tanauan City (Province of Batangas). PMID:24386281

Epidemiology of Japanese Encephalitis in the Philippines: A Systematic Review

PubMed Central

Lopez, Anna Lena; Aldaba, Josephine G.; Roque, Vito G.; Tandoc, Amado O.; Sy, Ava Kristy; Espino, Fe Esperanza; DeQuiroz-Castro, Maricel; Jee, Youngmee; Ducusin, Maria Joyce; Fox, Kimberley K.

2015-01-01

Background Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an important cause of encephalitis in most of Asia, with high case fatality rates and often significant neurologic sequelae among survivors. The epidemiology of JE in the Philippines is not well defined. To support consideration of JE vaccine for introduction into the national schedule in the Philippines, we conducted a systematic literature review and summarized JE surveillance data from 2011 to 2014. Methods We conducted searches on Japanese encephalitis and the Philippines in four databases and one library. Data from acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) and JE surveillance and from the national reference laboratory from January 2011 to March 2014 were tabulated and mapped. Results We identified 29 published reports and presentations on JE in the Philippines, including 5 serologic surveys, 18 reports of clinical cases, and 8 animal studies (including two with both clinical cases and animal data). The 18 clinical studies reported 257 cases of laboratory-confirmed JE from 1972 to 2013. JE virus (JEV) was the causative agent in 7% to 18% of cases of clinical meningitis and encephalitis combined, and 16% to 40% of clinical encephalitis cases. JE predominantly affected children under 15 years of age and 6% to 7% of cases resulted in death. Surveillance data from January 2011 to March 2014 identified 73 (15%) laboratory-confirmed JE cases out of 497 cases tested. Summary This comprehensive review demonstrates the endemicity and extensive geographic range of JE in the Philippines, and supports the use of JE vaccine in the country. Continued and improved surveillance with laboratory confirmation is needed to systematically quantify the burden of JE, to provide information that can guide prioritization of high risk areas in the country and determination of appropriate age and schedule of vaccine introduction, and to measure the impact of preventive measures including immunization against this important public health threat. PMID:25794009

Prediction of high incidence of dengue in the Philippines.

PubMed

Buczak, Anna L; Baugher, Benjamin; Babin, Steven M; Ramac-Thomas, Liane C; Guven, Erhan; Elbert, Yevgeniy; Koshute, Phillip T; Velasco, John Mark S; Roque, Vito G; Tayag, Enrique A; Yoon, In-Kyu; Lewis, Sheri H

2014-04-01

Accurate prediction of dengue incidence levels weeks in advance of an outbreak may reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this neglected disease. Therefore, models were developed to predict high and low dengue incidence in order to provide timely forewarnings in the Philippines. Model inputs were chosen based on studies indicating variables that may impact dengue incidence. The method first uses Fuzzy Association Rule Mining techniques to extract association rules from these historical epidemiological, environmental, and socio-economic data, as well as climate data indicating future weather patterns. Selection criteria were used to choose a subset of these rules for a classifier, thereby generating a Prediction Model. The models predicted high or low incidence of dengue in a Philippines province four weeks in advance. The threshold between high and low was determined relative to historical incidence data. Model accuracy is described by Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), Sensitivity, and Specificity computed on test data not previously used to develop the model. Selecting a model using the F0.5 measure, which gives PPV more importance than Sensitivity, gave these results: PPV = 0.780, NPV = 0.938, Sensitivity = 0.547, Specificity = 0.978. Using the F3 measure, which gives Sensitivity more importance than PPV, the selected model had PPV = 0.778, NPV = 0.948, Sensitivity = 0.627, Specificity = 0.974. The decision as to which model has greater utility depends on how the predictions will be used in a particular situation. This method builds prediction models for future dengue incidence in the Philippines and is capable of being modified for use in different situations; for diseases other than dengue; and for regions beyond the Philippines. The Philippines dengue prediction models predicted high or low incidence of dengue four weeks in advance of an outbreak with high accuracy, as measured by PPV, NPV, Sensitivity, and Specificity.

Pn tomography of South China Sea, Taiwan Island, Philippine archipelago, and adjacent regions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xibing; Song, Xiaodong; Li, Jiangtao

2017-02-01

The South China Sea (SCS) and its surrounding areas are geologically highly heterogeneous from the interactions of multiple plates in Southeast Asia (Eurasian plate, Indian-Australian plate, Philippine Sea plate, and Pacific plate). To understand the tectonics at depth, here we combined bulletin and handpicked data to conduct Pn tomography of the region. The results show distinct features that are correlated with the complex geology at surface, suggesting a lithosphere-scale tectonics of the region. Low Pn velocities are found along a belt of the western Pacific transpressional system from the Okinawa Trough and eastern East China Sea, across central and eastern Taiwan orogeny, to the island arcs of the Luzon Strait and the entire Philippine Islands, as well as under the Palawan Island and part of the continental margin north of the Pearl River Basin. High velocities are found under Ryukyu subduction zone, part of the Philippine subduction zone, part of the Eurasian subduction beneath the southwestern Taiwan, and the continent-ocean boundary between the south China and the SCS basin. The Taiwan Strait, the Mainland SE coast, and the main SCS basin sea are relatively uniform with average Pn values. Crustal thicknesses show large variations in the study region but also coherency with tectonic elements. The Pn pattern in Taiwan shows linear trends of surface geology and suggests strongly lithosphere-scale deformation of the young Taiwan orogenic belt marked by the deformation boundary under the Western Foothill and the Western Coastal Plain at depth, and the crustal thickness shows a complex pattern from the transpressional collision. Our observations are consistent with rifting and extension in the northern margin of the SCS but are not consistent with mantle upwelling as a mechanism for the opening and the subsequent closing of the SCS. The Philippine island arc is affected by volcanisms from both the Asian and Philippine Sea subductions in the south but mainly from the Asian subduction in the north and under the Luzon Strait.

Prediction of High Incidence of Dengue in the Philippines

PubMed Central

Buczak, Anna L.; Baugher, Benjamin; Babin, Steven M.; Ramac-Thomas, Liane C.; Guven, Erhan; Elbert, Yevgeniy; Koshute, Phillip T.; Velasco, John Mark S.; Roque, Vito G.; Tayag, Enrique A.; Yoon, In-Kyu; Lewis, Sheri H.

2014-01-01

Background Accurate prediction of dengue incidence levels weeks in advance of an outbreak may reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this neglected disease. Therefore, models were developed to predict high and low dengue incidence in order to provide timely forewarnings in the Philippines. Methods Model inputs were chosen based on studies indicating variables that may impact dengue incidence. The method first uses Fuzzy Association Rule Mining techniques to extract association rules from these historical epidemiological, environmental, and socio-economic data, as well as climate data indicating future weather patterns. Selection criteria were used to choose a subset of these rules for a classifier, thereby generating a Prediction Model. The models predicted high or low incidence of dengue in a Philippines province four weeks in advance. The threshold between high and low was determined relative to historical incidence data. Principal Findings Model accuracy is described by Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), Sensitivity, and Specificity computed on test data not previously used to develop the model. Selecting a model using the F0.5 measure, which gives PPV more importance than Sensitivity, gave these results: PPV = 0.780, NPV = 0.938, Sensitivity = 0.547, Specificity = 0.978. Using the F3 measure, which gives Sensitivity more importance than PPV, the selected model had PPV = 0.778, NPV = 0.948, Sensitivity = 0.627, Specificity = 0.974. The decision as to which model has greater utility depends on how the predictions will be used in a particular situation. Conclusions This method builds prediction models for future dengue incidence in the Philippines and is capable of being modified for use in different situations; for diseases other than dengue; and for regions beyond the Philippines. The Philippines dengue prediction models predicted high or low incidence of dengue four weeks in advance of an outbreak with high accuracy, as measured by PPV, NPV, Sensitivity, and Specificity. PMID:24722434

Seismotectonics of the Gagua Ridge area from OBS data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Y. F.; Lin, J. Y.; Lee, C. S.; Hsu, S. K.; Liang, C. W.

2012-04-01

Gagua Ridge, located on the east of Taiwan Island, is generally considered an inactive ridge. This ridge is a N-S trending tectonic feature and separates two oceanic basin of different ages, which are the Huatung Basin in the west and the West Philippine Basin in the east respectively. On 26 April 2010, a Mw=6.9 event, characterized by a strike-slip mechanism, occurred in the east of the Gagua Ridge. The distribution of background earthquakes shows low seismic activity in the vicinity of the mainshock. A network of OBSs was deployed around the mainshock for 21 days. The network contains part of the West Philippine Basin and of the Gagua Ridge. In total, 1,711 earthquakes were determined. Most of the earthquakes occurred near the mainshock and few earthquakes scattered near the Gagua Ridge. Relocated hypocenters, which are relocated by hypoDD software, are clustered and aligned to the NW-SE direction. It indicates that the area is dominated by a sinistral strike-slip mechanism. In West Philippine Basin, two main geological structures, oriented NE-SW and NW-SE, were recognized from bathymetry map. The two features are associated with the first spreading event in West Philippine Basin and an old oceanic fracture zone. Since the trending of the cluster in our study is different from the strikes of the two features in the West Philippine Basin, the seismicity seems not to be linked to the reactivation of the former structures. Magnetic anomaly shows a NW-SE trending anomaly in the east of Taiwan Island, was suggested a present-day transform margin. The cluster is located on the SE end of boundary of the anomaly and the trending of the cluster is consistent with the orientation of the anomaly, which is parallel to the direction of Eurasia-Philippine relative motion. Therefore, we suggest that the presence of the sinistral strike-slip fault may reflect the different stress states in each side of the fault and form a stress transform boundary.

Constraints on Subduction Zone Coupling along the Philippine and Manila Trenches based on GPS and Seismological Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamburger, M. W.; Johnson, K. M.; Nowicki, M. A. E.; Bacolcol, T. C.; Solidum, R., Jr.; Galgana, G.; Hsu, Y. J.; Yu, S. B.; Rau, R. J.; McCaffrey, R.

2014-12-01

We present results of two techniques to estimate the degree of coupling along the two major subduction zone boundaries that bound the Philippine Mobile Belt, the Philippine Trench and the Manila Trench. Convergence along these plate margins accommodates about 100 mm/yr of oblique plate motion between the Philippine Sea and Sundaland plates. The coupling estimates are based on a recently acquired set of geodetic data from a dense nationwide network of continuous and campaign GPS sites in the Philippines. First, we use a kinematic, elastic block model (tdefnode; McCaffrey, 2009) that combines existing fault geometries, GPS velocities and focal mechanism solutions to solve for block rotations, fault coupling, and intra-block deformation. Secondly, we use a plate-block kinematic model described in Johnson (2013) to simultaneously estimate long-term fault slip rates, block motions and interseismic coupling on block-bounding faults. The best-fit model represents the Philippine Mobile Belt by 14 independently moving rigid tectonic blocks, separated by active faults and subduction zones. The model predicts rapid convergence along the Manila Trench, decreasing progressively southwards, from > 100 mm/yr in the north to less than 20 mm/yr in the south at the Mindoro Island collision zone. Persistent areas of high coupling, interpreted to be asperities, are observed along the Manila Trench slab interface, in central Luzon (16-18°N) and near its southern and northern terminations. Along the Philippine Trench, we observe ~50 mm/yr of oblique convergence, with high coupling observed at its central and southern segments. We identify the range of allowable coupling distributions and corresponding moment accumulation rates on the two subduction zones by conducting a suite of inversions in which the total moment accumulation rate on a selected fault is fixed. In these constrained moment inversions we test the range of possible solutions that meet criteria for minimum, best-fit, and maximum coupling that still fit the data, based on reduced chi-squared calculations. In spite of the variable coupling, the total potential moment accumulation rate along each of the two subduction zones is estimated to range from 3.98 x 1019 to 2.24 x 1020 N-m yr-1, equivalent to a magnitude Mw 8.4 to 8.9 earthquake per 100 years.

Paleomagnetic data from the Philippine Sea Plate and their tectonic significance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haston, Roger B.; Fuller, M.

1991-04-01

New paleomagnetic data from Guam and Saipan have been obtained and are used, in conjunction with previously published results from around the Philippine Sea plate, to interpret the origin and history of the Philippine Sea plate. A lower Miocene direction (I=3.5°, D=54.5°, a95=17.4°, k=20.3) and a middle Oligocene direction (I=5.3°, D=68.4°, a95=12.8°, k=52.4) have been obtained from the Palau Islands. Only one reliable result, a middle Oligocene direction (I=15.1°, D=66.1°, a95=11.1°, k=20.1), has been obtained from Guam. Many characteristic remanent magnetic directions have been obtained from the lower Eocene Facpi Formation; however, the results are too scattered (k=4.5) to be considered reliable. Two reliable directions have been obtained from Saipan: a middle Miocene result (I=30.7°, D=28.1°, a95=8.4°, k=64.6), and a lower Eocene result (I=-12.0°, D=43.0°, a95=12.5°, k=16.0). Two lower Eocene results from Chichijima (I=9.5°, D=105.3°, a95=12.6°, k=6.1) and Anijima (I=-0.8°, D=91.7°, a95=16.9°, k=4.9) are the reliable results from the Bonin islands. There are two end-member interpretations for these data: (1) small scale local rotation of blocks along the plate margin, or (2) rotation of the Philippine Sea plate as a whole. To distinguish between these interpretations, we reconstructed the East Philippine Sea province back to its prerifting configuration. The rotation caused by deformation can be estimated by comparing the paleomagnetism of Guam, Saipan, and the Bonin islands to Palau. Prior to reconstruction, the older declination values are scattered. Closing the marginal basins reduces the declination scatter, and all of the islands show increasing clockwise deflection with time. This suggests that the Philippine Sea plate has rotated up to 80° clockwise and moved northward around 20° since the Eocene, and deformational rotation is a second-order feature. The finite pole of rotation of the Philippine Sea plate relative to Eurasia must be somewhere near the southeast comer of the plate, because this is the only location that is compatible with both the change in orientation and paleolatitude for the plate. These data cannot distinguish between a backarc origin or trapped crust origin for the West Philippine Sea province. The existing models require major modification to be consistent with the paleomagnetic data.

Oceanic core complexes in the Philippine Sea: results from Japan's extended continental shelf mapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohara, Y.; Yoshida, T.; Nishizawa, A.

2013-12-01

The United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) issued its recommendations on Japan's extended continental shelf in April 2012, confirming Japan's rights over the vast areas within the Philippine Sea and Pacific Plates. Japan submitted information on the limits of its continental shelf beyond the EEZ to the CLCS on November 2008, which was the result of 25 years of nation's continental shelf survey project since 1983, involving all of Japan's agency relevant to geosciences. The huge geological and geophysical data obtained through the project give the scientists unprecedented opportunity to study the geology and tectonics of the Philippine Sea and Pacific Plates. In this contribution, we show such an example from the Philippine Sea Plate, relevant to the global mid-ocean ridge problem. Oceanic core complexes (OCC) are dome-shaped bathymetric highs identified in mid-ocean ridges, interpreted as portions of the lower crust and/or upper mantle denuded via low-angle detachment faulting. OCCs are characterized morphologically by axis-normal striations (corrugations, or mullion structure) on the dome, and exposures of mantle peridotite and/or lower crustal gabbro. A strikingly giant OCC (named 'Godzilla Megamullion') was discovered in the Parece Vela Basin by the continental shelf survey project in 2001. Godzilla Megamullion is morphologically the largest OCC in the world, consisting mainly of fertile mantle peridotite along its entire length of over 125 km. Following its discovery in 2001, several academic cruises investigated the structure in detail, providing numerous important findings relevant to mid-ocean ridge tectono-magmatic processes and Philippine Sea evolution, including the slow- to ultraslow-spreading environment for denudation of the detachment fault (< 2.5 cm/y) and associated decreasing degree of partial melting of the peridotites towards the termination of Godzilla Megamullion. In addition to Godzilla Megamullion, several potential OCCs have been discovered in the Philippine Sea Plate by the continental shelf survey project. These are: (1) the ones in the Shikoku Basin spreading axis at around 24 degrees north, (2) the Chaotic Terrain in the Parece Vela Basin, (3) Chaotic Terrain in the West Philippine Basin, near the CBF Rift (formerly known as the Central Basin Fault), (4) Chaotic Terrain in the Kita-Daito Basin, (5) the one in the Shikoku Basin floor to the east of Kyushu-Palau Ridge at 25 degrees north, (6) the Higashi-Ryusei Spur of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge at 26 degrees north, and (7) the one in the Daito Ridge adjoining to the Kida-Daito Basin. OCCs are commonly developed in slow-spreading ridges, providing excellent opportunities as tectonic windows to study the composition and structure of deep oceanic lithosphere. The OCCs in the Philippine Sea Plate in turn provide the opportunities to study the backarc basin lithosphere as well as the continental lithosphere (at the above examples 6 and 7). Although Godzilla Megamullion has been studied very well, the other OCCs are not well documented yet. The next step is to focus on these interesting targets to understand the lithospheric process in the Philippine Sea Plate.

77 FR 14002 - Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines: Final Results...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-08

... steel fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of ANSI B16.9, ANSI...] Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Italy, Malaysia, and the Philippines: Final Results of the... Commerce (the Department) initiated sunset reviews of the antidumping duty orders on stainless steel butt...

Hard-Pressed to Achieve the EFA Goals by 2015 in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caoli-Rodriguez, Rhona B.

2008-01-01

The Philippines has experienced a setback in its progress towards EFA 2015 Goals. In particular, a decline in primary and secondary education performance indicators and a widening gap between boys' and girls' performance were noted. While the present policy environment in the country has been conducive to education reforms, a lack of political…

Perpetration of Intimate Partner Aggression by Men and Women in the Philippines: Prevalence and Associated Factors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ansara, Donna L.; Hindin, Michelle J.

2009-01-01

This study uses data from the 2002 Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with intimate partner violence perpetration by husbands and wives in Cebu, Philippines. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with wife-only, husband-only, and reciprocal…

A Philippine Rural School's Organizational Climate, Teachers' Performance, and Management Competencies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dalanon, Junhel; Diano, Liz Muriel; Belarmino, Ma Paciencia; Hayama, Rika; Miyagi, Mayu; Matsuka, Yoshizo

2018-01-01

This 2016 cross-sectional inquiry used quantitative and thematic content analysis to determine the organizational climate (OC) with empirical and theoretical relation to the teachers' performance (TP) and management competencies (MC) of a rural, K-12, private school in the Philippines. Analyses from a focus group discussion (FGD) was done using…

I Am Where I Think I Will Work: Higher Education and Labor Migration Regime in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eder, Rosalyn

2016-01-01

The Philippine government has received praises from international organizations for its exemplary management of labor migration. The country has one of the most sophisticated institutionalized mechanisms for out-migration of workers, and it serves as a model of government-led labor migration management. It is, therefore, no surprise that research…

Teachers' Perceptions on Senior High School Readiness of Higher Education Institutions in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Acosta, Imee C.; Acosta, Alexander S.

2016-01-01

The focus of this study is on the readiness of higher education institutions in the Philippines to the implementation of the Senior High School program of the new K-12 curriculum. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. The findings reveal five predisposing factors, namely: eligibility, staffing guidelines, course streamlining,…

Wind Energy Resource Atlas of the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Elliott, D.; Schwartz, M.; George, R.

2001-03-06

This report contains the results of a wind resource analysis and mapping study for the Philippine archipelago. The study's objective was to identify potential wind resource areas and quantify the value of those resources within those areas. The wind resource maps and other wind resource characteristic information will be used to identify prospective areas for wind-energy applications.

Improving Early Childhood Development: An Integrated Program for the Philippines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heaver, Richard A.; Hunt, Joseph M.

This book suggests that the Philippines should be investing more in child development and that doing so will have a high payoff. The objective is to convince those who control resources in the central and local governments, and in the nongovernmental and donor communities, that they should finance an integrated investment package that has a real…

Differences in Less Proficient and More Proficient ESL College Writing in the Philippine Setting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gustilo, Leah E.

2016-01-01

The present study aimed at characterizing what skilled or more proficient ESL college writing is in the Philippine setting through a contrastive analysis of three groups of variables identified from previous studies: resources, processes, and performance of ESL writers. Based on Chenoweth and Hayes' (2001; 2003) framework, the resource level…

75 FR 56062 - Certain Frozen Fish Fillets From the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Notice of Preliminary Results...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-15

... name change in the fourth administrative review from Anvifish Co., Ltd. to Anvifish JSC. On July 30... Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, the Philippines and Indonesia are countries comparable to Vietnam in... Philippines, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan are exporters of frozen fish fillets, and, thus...

Geographies of Social Exclusion: Education Access in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Symaco, Lorraine Pe

2013-01-01

Despite the massive education sector of the country, the Philippines--being located in the Pacific Ring of Fire and the typhoon belt--is home to a number of natural instabilities that frequently disrupt the school calendar. Conflict areas in selected parts of the island of Mindanao and the remote geographic features of the country also pose…

The Condition of Secondary School Physics Education in the Philippines: Recent Developments and Remaining Challenges for Substantive Improvements

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Orleans, Antriman V.

2007-01-01

This study is aimed at assessing the state of Philippine secondary school physics education using data from a nationwide survey of 464 schools and 767 physics teachers and at identifying challenges for substantive improvements. Teacher-related indicators revealed academic qualification deficiency, low continuing professional involvements,…

The Philippine Press after Marcos: Restored Freedoms and New Problems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guimary, Donald L.

With the overthrow of Ferdinand Marcos from his 20-year rule of the Philippines, the news media regained its freedom and its voice, and now faces a new set of problems: low circulation, questionable ethical standards of reporters and their lack of experience, and ominous indications from the Corazon Aquino government that the administration might…

School-Related Factors Contributing to the Delivery Enhancement of the Special Science Program in Western Visayas, Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bangcaya, Porferio S.; Alejandro, Grecebio Jonathan D.

2015-01-01

In this mixed-method study, the secondary schools in Western Visayas, Philippines offering special science program (SSP) were assessed as basis for delivery enhancement. The SSP along student-related factors and the extent of implementation in the areas of curriculum and instruction, laboratory facilities, and administration in terms of the…

Effectiveness of the Computer and Internet Literacy Project in Public High Schools of Tarlac Province, Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lorenzo, Arnold R.

2016-01-01

Evaluation is important to gauge the strengths, weaknesses and effectiveness of any activity. This study evaluated the iSchools Project implemented in the Public High Schools of Tarlac Province, Philippines by the Commission on Information and Communications Technology (CICT) in partnership with the selected State Universities and Colleges. Using…

Words that Hurt: A Qualitative Study of Parental Verbal Abuse in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Loh, Jennifer; Calleja, Flora; Restubog, Simon Lloyd D.

2011-01-01

This article investigated opinions on what constitute parental abuse with interviews of 30 high school students, 30 parents, and 28 counselors. Despite increased reported cases of emotional abuses and child maltreatments in the Philippines, few empirical studies have explored the exact nature of parental verbal abuses in this country. This study…

Teaching Chemistry in a Spiral Progression Approach: Lessons from Science Teachers in the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Orbe, Joymie R.; Espinosa, Allen A.; Datukan, Janir T.

2018-01-01

As the Philippines moves towards implementing the K-12 curriculum, there has been a mismatch in teacher preparation in science. The present teacher education curriculum prepares science teachers to specialise in a specific field (e.g. integrated science, biology, chemistry, and physics). However, in the K-12 curriculum, they are required to teach…

Implicit and Explicit Knowledge of Korean Learners in the Philippines across Contextual Shift

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cruz, Selwyn A.; Pariña, Jose Cristina M.

2017-01-01

Stemming from issue of migration for education, the study explored the language learning experience of Korean university students who come to the Philippines for education. Specifically, it documented the changes in the students' implicit and explicit knowledge that occurred in the preactional until the actional phase of their learning journey in…

Center stage in the Philippines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meade, W.

1993-03-01

At present, early 5,000 MW of private power capacity is operating or under development in the Philippines. Projects include oil- and coal-fired, geothermal, and hydroelectric projects under a variety of financing and ownership arrangements. If all projects and solicitations come to fruition, more than 80% of new capacity added through the year 2000 will be privately owned.

A Case Study of Reading Instruction in a Philippine Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Protacio, Maria Selena; Sarroub, Loukia K.

2013-01-01

In this article, we describe the reading practices in a public and high-achieving 6th grade English classroom in the Philippines. By utilizing a four resources model, we discuss the different roles that students assume in this classroom. Students in this class are mainly code breakers and text users and have limited opportunities to assume the…

Philippines: Asia Pacific energy series: Country report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hoffman, S.

1988-11-01

The purpose of this report is to present an overview of Philippines energy planning and policy and to analyze its energy resources and economic developments. Geography, population, geothermal reserves, coal, oil industry, electricity, and renewable energy are the major topics included in the report. A chapter is focused on national economy and energy policy. 40 tabs., 2 figs.

Philippines: The Role of Language and Education in Globalization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quijano, Consuelo A.

2012-01-01

International education has never been discussed in-depth by many citizens of the Philippines. International education refers to a study abroad program or an approach to prepare students to function in a global society. The focus of discussion is more on primary, secondary, and tertiary education. In any level of education, language plays a vital…

Married Women's Resource Position and Household Food Expenditures in Cebu, Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmeer, Kammi K

2005-01-01

This study analyzes how married women use their access to and control over economic resources to increase household spending on food. Using data from Cebu, Philippines, where child malnutrition is high, this study finds that the more income women earn and control, the more households spend on food. Women's control over their income is particularly…

Integrating Community Services and Research: A Livelihood Needs Assessment at the Countryside of the Philippines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia, Rosario C.

2016-01-01

(Purpose) This study assessed the integration of community services and research through the livelihood needs assessment of a countryside in the Philippines particularly Sitio Malanas, Lettac Sur, Santol, La Union as basis of the actions in addressing the needs. Specifically, the livelihood situation and needs were determined and proposed actions…