Torleif Ericson 60th Birthday

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Plusieurs discours à l'occasion du 60me anniversaire de Torleif Ericson, physicien né à Lund (Suède), et remerciements pour son travail et son effort de relier la physique des particules à la physique nucléaire. A la fin de la cérémonie un document scientifique de 400 pages "die Festschrift" lui est remis comme cadeau d'anniversaire avec un grand nombre de contributions d'amis etc...

Ohio State University Symposium (45th) on Molecular Spectroscopy Held in Columbus, Ohio on 11-15 Jun 1990

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-15

Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80303. Address of Ortigoso and Escribano: Instituto de Estructura de al Materia, Consejo Superior de investigaciones ...10 min.(1:42) J. M. GUILMOT anO M. HERMAN, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moleculaire, tjniversit’c Libre de ...CANY-PEYRET, Laboratoire de Physique Mole’*u’ai:e et Atmospherique, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie et CNRS, 75252 Paris, France. MF4. FIR LASER STARK

MICROMECHANICS AND MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION: Modeling, Simulation and Experiments. Held in Madrid, Spain on 12-16 September 2005

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-10-30

acknowledges funding from the ‘‘ Programa Torres Quevedo’’ of the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. References [1] Nix WD. Metall Mater Trans A...University of Madrid E. T. S. de Ingenieros de Caminos Madrid 28040 Spain 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER N/A 10. SPONSOR...Rodney * Génie Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux (UMR CNRS 5010), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, 101 rue de la Physique, 38402

Micromechanics and Microstructure Evolution: Modeling, Simulation and Experiments. Conference Held in Madrid, Spain, 12-16 Sep 2005

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-10-30

acknowledges funding from the ‘‘ Programa Torres Quevedo’’ of the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. References [1] Nix WD. Metall Mater Trans A...University of Madrid E. T. S. de Ingenieros de Caminos Madrid 28040 Spain 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER N/A 10. SPONSOR...Rodney * Génie Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux (UMR CNRS 5010), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, 101 rue de la Physique, 38402

Physique traits of lightweight rowers and their relationship to competitive success

PubMed Central

Slater, G; Rice, A; Mujika, I; Hahn, A; Sharpe, K; Jenkins, D

2005-01-01

Objectives: Physique traits and their relationship to competitive success were assessed amongst lightweight rowers competing at the 2003 Australian Rowing Championships. Methods: Full anthropometric profiles were collected from 107 lightweight rowers (n = 65 males, n = 45 females) competing in the Under 23 and Open age categories. Performance assessments were obtained for 66 of these rowers based on results in the single sculls events. The relationship between physique traits and competitive success was then determined. Results: Lower body fat (heat time estimate –8.4 s kg–1, p<0.01), greater total body mass (heat time estimate –4.4 s kg–1, p = 0.03), and muscle mass (heat time estimate –10.2 s kg–1, p<0.01) were associated with faster 2000 m heat times. Conclusions: The more successful lightweight rowers were those who had lower body fat and greater total muscle mass. PMID:16183770

Influence of subject presentation on interpretation of body composition change after 6 months of self-selected training and diet in athletic males.

PubMed

Kerr, Ava D; Slater, Gary J; Byrne, Nuala M

2018-06-01

High precision body composition assessment methods accurately monitor physique traits in athletes. The acute impact of subject presentation (ad libitum food and fluid intake plus physical activity) on body composition estimation using field and laboratory methods has been quantified, but the impact on interpretation of longitudinal change is unknown. This study evaluated the impact of athlete presentation (standardised versus non-standardised) on interpretation of change in physique traits over time. Thirty athletic males (31.2 ± 7.5 years; 182.2 ± 6.5 cm; 91.7 ± 10.3 kg; 27.6 ± 2.6 kg/m 2 ) underwent two testing sessions on 1 day including surface anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) and air displacement plethysmography (via the BOD POD), with combinations of these used to establish three-compartment (3C) and four-compartment (4C) models. Tests were conducted after an overnight fast (BASEam) and ~ 7 h later after ad libitum food/fluid and physical activity (BASEpm). This procedure was repeated 6 months later (POSTam and POSTpm). Magnitude of changes in the mean was assessed by standardisation. After 6 months of self-selected training and diet, standardised presentation testing (BASEam to POSTam) identified trivial changes from the smallest worthwhile effect (SWE) in fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) for all methods except for BIS (FM) where there was a large change (7.2%) from the SWE. Non-standardised follow-up testing (BASEam to POSTpm) showed trivial changes from the SWE except for small changes in FFM (BOD POD) of 1.1%, and in FM (3C and 4C models) of 6.4 and 3.5%. Large changes from the SWE were found in FFM (BIS, 3C and 4C models) of 2.2, 1.8 and 1.8% and in FM (BIS) of 6.4%. Non-standardised presentation testing (BASEpm to POSTpm) identified trivial changes from the SWE in FFM except for BIS which was small (1.1%). A moderate change from the SWE was found for BOD POD (3.3%) and large for BIS (9.4%) in FM estimations. Changes in body composition utilising non-standardised presentation were more substantial and often in the opposite direction to those identified using standardised presentation, causing misinterpretation of change in physique traits. Standardised presentation prior to body composition assessment for athletic populations should be advocated to enhance interpretation of true change.

Préface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamieh, Tayssir

2005-05-01

Né simultanément à Mulhouse et à Beyrouth en 1996 dans le cadre d'une collaboraiion franco-libanaise sur une initiative personnelle de Monsieur Tayssir HAMIEH. le Colloque Franco-Libanais sur la Science des Matériaux (CSM), qui s'inscrit dans le cadre des relations étroites entre la France et le Liban, est très vite devenu une occasion très importante de rencontre entre scientifiques de haut niveau, non seulement, du contour méditerranéen mais également des pays européens, américains et arabes. La quatrieme édition CSM4 est une véritable réussite grâce à la participation des chercheurs confirmés dans tous les domaines des sciences de matériaux et venant de plusieurs pays tels que la France, I'Algérie, Le Liban, la Syrie, le Maroc, la Tunisie, l'Italie, l'Espagne, le Portugal, le Royaume Uni, les États-Unis, la Russie, l'Allemagne, le Japon et I'Inde ; pour présenter plus de 350 communications orales et par affiche et couvrant presque toutes les disciplines des systèmes des matériaux. Le choix des diffèrents thèmes du colloque sur la science des matériaux a été dicté par l'importance capitale de cette discipline dans notre civilisation moderne. En fait, les matériaux utilisés pour la fabrication artisanale ou industrielle d'objets, de produits et de systèmes ainsi que pour la réalisation de constructions et d'équipements ont de tout temps défini le niveau de notre civilisation technique. La réalisation des objectifs communs de notre monde en plein développement, pour ne pas dire en pleine mutation, est en grande partie tributaire de la mise au point de nouveaux matériaux et de procédés de transformation et d'assemblages nouveaux, présentant des performances et des qualités améliorées. Le colloque a illustré et traduit, de manière remarquables, l'excellente collaboration entre chercheurs libanais et français. Le partenariat est exemplaire par la qualité des laboratoires impliqués et par le niveau scientifique des résultats. Nous souhaitons que ce colloque franco-libanais sur la science des matériaux continue son succès implacable et incontournable et oeuvre pour une collaboration fructueuse entre les chercheurs des deux pays et les autres chercheurs des pays arabes et francophones. Coordinateur et Éditeur du Colloque Tayssir HAMIEH

Activités physiques libres ou encadrées et condition physique liée à la santé chez des adultes burundais: étude transversale

PubMed Central

Bizimana, Jean Berchmans; Lawani, Mansourou Mohamed; Akplogan, Barnabé; Gaturagi, Charles

2016-01-01

Introduction l’activité physique régulière a un impact positif sur la santé. Cette étude a pour objet de comparer la condition physique liée à la santé des adultes qui s’exercent librement avec celle des adultes bénéficiant d’un encadrement professionnel. Elle tente aussi d’établir une relation entre le niveau d’activité physique et les paramètres de la condition liée à la santé. Méthodes nous avons évalué le niveau d’activité physique et les paramètres de la condition physique liée à la santé. Par le test t pour échantillons indépendants, nous avons comparé les moyennes et avons par le calcul du coefficient de corrélation r de Pearson analysé la relation entre le niveau d’activité physique et les paramètres de la condition physique. Résultats des écarts significatifs (p < 0,05) de niveau d’activité physique, de souplesse, de V˙O2max et de la FC de repos ont été enregistrés en faveur du groupe encadré. Le niveau d’activité physique est positivement corrélé (p < 0,05) au V˙O2max et à la force de préhension mais négativement corrélé à la FC de repos et au cholestérol LDL. La prévalence des facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire n’est pas élevée excepté pour le cholestérol HDL. Conclusion les résultats de cette étude montrent que l’activité physique libre est aussi efficace que l’activité physique encadrée dans le maintien des profils lipidique et physiologique favorables à la santé chez l’adulte burundais. Cependant, l’activité physique encadrée apporte des bénéfices supplémentaires pour le V˙O2max, la fréquence cardiaque de repos, la souplesse antérieure et la détente verticale PMID:28203315

Major Events Coordinated Security Solutions Technical Report Closeout (MECSS): The Application of Science and Technology to Reduce Risk for V2010 and G8/G20 Summits

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-01

CBRNE), aux infrastructures essentielles, à la surveillance, à la sécurité physique, à la cybernétique et à la socio- psychologie . Le présent rapport...la socio- psychologie . Dans le cadre du projet SCSGE, on a produit plus de 195 rapports scientifiques, fruit des efforts, du dévouement et du...aux infrastructures essentielles, à la surveillance, à la sécurité physique, à la cybernétique et à la socio- psychologie . Le présent rapport

The influence of exercise identity and social physique anxiety on exercise dependence.

PubMed

Cook, Brian; Karr, Trisha M; Zunker, Christie; Mitchell, James E; Thompson, Ron; Sherman, Roberta; Erickson, Ann; Cao, Li; Crosby, Ross D

2015-09-01

Previous research has identified exercise identity and social physique anxiety as two independent factors that are associated with exercise dependence. The purpose of our study was to investigate the unique and interactive effect of these two known correlates of exercise dependence in a sample of 1,766 female runners. Regression analyses tested the main effects of exercise identity and social physique anxiety on exercise dependence. An interaction term was calculated to examine the potential moderating effect of social physique anxiety on the exercise identity and exercise dependence relationship. Results indicate a main effect for exercise identity and social physique anxiety on exercise dependence; and the interaction of these factors explained exercise dependence scores beyond the independent effects. Thus, social physique anxiety acted as a moderator in the exercise identity and exercise dependence relationship. Our results indicate that individuals who strongly identify themselves as an exerciser and also endorse a high degree of social physique anxiety may be at risk for developing exercise dependence. Our study supports previous research which has examined factors that may contribute to the development of exercise dependence and also suggests a previously unknown moderating relationship for social physique anxiety on exercise dependence.

Cumulants and large deviations of the current through non-equilibrium steady states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bodineau, Thierry; Derrida, Bernard

2007-06-01

Using a generalisation of detailed balance for systems maintained out of equilibrium by contact with 2 reservoirs at unequal temperatures or at unequal densities, one can recover the fluctuation theorem for the large deviation function of the current. For large diffusive systems, we show how the large deviation function of the current can be computed using a simple additivity principle. The validity of this additivity principle and the occurrence of phase transitions are discussed in the framework of the macroscopic fluctuation theory. To cite this article: T. Bodineau, B. Derrida, C. R. Physique 8 (2007).

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pluquet, Alain

Cette théetudie les techniques d'identication de l'electron dans l'experience D0 au laboratoire Fermi pres de Chicago Le premier chapitre rappelle quelques unes des motivations physiques de l'experience physique des jets physique electrofaible physique du quark top Le detecteur D0 est decrit en details dans le second chapitre Le troisieme cha pitre etudie les algorithmes didentication de lelectron trigger reconstruction ltres et leurs performances Le quatrieme chapitre est consacre au detecteur a radiation de transition TRD construit par le Departement dAstrophysique Physique des Particules Physique Nucleaire et dInstrumentation Associee de Saclay il presente son principe sa calibration et ses performances Ennmore » le dernier chapitre decrit la methode mise au point pour lanalyse des donnees avec le TRD et illustre son emploi sur quelques exemples jets simulant des electrons recherche du quark top« less

Body self-discrepancies and women's social physique anxiety: the moderating role of the feared body.

PubMed

Woodman, Tim; Steer, Rebecca

2011-05-01

We explored ideal, ought, and feared body image self-discrepancies as predictors of social physique anxiety within Carver, Lawrence, and Scheier's and Woodman and Hemmings' interaction frameworks. One hundred women completed actual, ideal, ought, and feared body self-discrepancy visual analogue scales, the Social Physique Anxiety Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Moderated hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the relationship between ought body fat discrepancies and social physique anxiety was moderated by proximity to the feared fat self. Specifically, the positive relationship between ought fat discrepancies and social physique anxiety was stronger when women were far from their feared body self. The results highlight the importance of considering the feared self in order to more fully understand the relationship between body image and social physique anxiety. ©2010 The British Psychological Society.

The influence of exercise identity and social physique anxiety on exercise dependence

PubMed Central

Cook, Brian; Karr, Trisha M.; Zunker, Christie; Mitchell, James E.; Thompson, Ron; Sherman, Roberta; Erickson, Ann; Cao, Li; Crosby, Ross D.

2015-01-01

Background Previous research has identified exercise identity and social physique anxiety as two independent factors that are associated with exercise dependence. Aims The purpose of our study was to investigate the unique and interactive effect of these two known correlates of exercise dependence in a sample of 1,766 female runners. Methods Regression analyses tested the main effects of exercise identity and social physique anxiety on exercise dependence. An interaction term was calculated to examine the potential moderating effect of social physique anxiety on the exercise identity and exercise dependence relationship. Results Results indicate a main effect for exercise identity and social physique anxiety on exercise dependence; and the interaction of these factors explained exercise dependence scores beyond the independent effects. Thus, social physique anxiety acted as a moderator in the exercise identity and exercise dependence relationship. Discussion Our results indicate that individuals who strongly identify themselves as an exerciser and also endorse a high degree of social physique anxiety may be at risk for developing exercise dependence. Conclusions Our study supports previous research which has examined factors that may contribute to the development of exercise dependence and also suggests a previously unknown moderating relationship for social physique anxiety on exercise dependence. PMID:26551910

Perceived somatotype and stereotypes of physique among Nigerian schoolchildren.

PubMed

Salokun, S O; Toriola, A L

1985-11-01

The influence of perceived somatotype on stereotypes of behavior associated with body build was investigated among 160 male and 140 female Nigerian children in secondary school. In both groups, the perception of subjects' own physiques and discrepancy between their perceived and preferred physiques significantly explained the variance in the character trait scores attributed to body types. In general, the subjects attributed positive character traits to their perceived somatotypes and undesirable traits to the physiques with which they were dissatisfied. Thus, the perception of somatotype and discrepancy between perceived and preferred physique could significantly differentiate the character traits attributed to body build among male and female children.

Higgsless approach to electroweak symmetry breaking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grojean, Christophe

2007-11-01

Higgsless models are an attempt to achieve a breaking of the electroweak symmetry via boundary conditions at the end-points of a fifth dimension compactified on an interval, as an alternative to the usual Higgs mechanism. There is no physical Higgs scalar in the spectrum and the perturbative unitarity violation scale is delayed via the exchange of massive spin-1 KK resonances. The correct mass spectrum is reproduced in a model in warped space, which inherits a custodial symmetry from a left-right gauge symmetry in the bulk. Phenomenological challenges as well as collider signatures are presented. From the AdS/CFT perspective, this model appears as a weakly coupled dual to walking technicolour models. To cite this article: C. Grojean, C. R. Physique 8 (2007).

Does Body Mass Index Influence Behavioral Regulations, Dispositional Flow and Social Physique Anxiety in Exercise Setting?

PubMed Central

Ersöz, Gözde; Altiparmak, Ersin; Aşçı, F. Hülya

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in behavioral regulations, dispositional flow, social physique anxiety of exercisers in terms of body mass index (BMI). 782 university students participated in this study. Dispositional Flow State Scale-2, Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2, Social Physique Anxiety Scale and Physical Activity Stages of Change Questionnaire were administered to participants. After controlling for gender, analysis indicated significant differences in behavioral regulations, dispositional flow and social physique anxiety of exercise participants with regards to BMI. In summary, the findings demonstrate that normal weighted participants exercise for internal reasons while underweighted participants are amotivated for exercise participation. Additionally, participants who are underweight had higher dispositional flow and lower social physique anxiety scores than other BMI classification. Key points Normal weighted participants exercise for internal reasons. Underweighted participants are amotivated for exercise participation. Underweighted participants had higher dispositional flow. Underweighted participants have lower social physique anxiety scores than normal weighted, overweight and obese participants. PMID:27274667

Lung function in children in relation to ethnicity, physique and socio-economic factors

PubMed Central

Lum, Sooky; Bountziouka, Vassiliki; Sonnappa, Samatha; Wade, Angie; Cole, Tim J; Harding, Seeromanie; Wells, Jonathan CK; Griffiths, Chris; Treleaven, Philip; Bonner, Rachel; Kirkby, Jane; Lee, Simon; Raywood, Emma; Legg, Sarah; Sears, Dave; Cottam, Philippa; Feyeraband, Colin; Stocks, Janet

2015-01-01

Question Can ethnic differences in spirometry be attributed to differences in physique and socio-economic factors? Methods Assessments were undertaken in 2171 London primary school-children on two occasions a year apart whenever possible, as part of the Size and Lung function In Children study. Measurements included spirometry, detailed anthropometry, 3-D photonic scanning for regional body shape, body composition, information on ethnic ancestry, birth and respiratory history, socio-economic circumstances and tobacco smoke exposure. Results Technically acceptable spirometry was obtained from 1901 children (mean age: 8.3yrs (range: 5.2-11.8yrs), 46% boys, 35% White; 29% Black-African origin; 24% South-Asian; 12% Other/mixed) on 2767 test occasions. After adjusting for sex, age and height, FEV1 was 1.32, 0.89 and 0.51 z-score units lower in Black, South-Asian and Other ethnicity children respectively, when compared with White children, with similar decrements for FVC (p<0.001 for all). Although further adjustment for sitting height and chest width reduced differences attributable to ethnicity by up to 16%, significant differences persisted after adjusting for all potential determinants including socio-economic circumstances. Answer Ethnic differences in spirometric lung function persist despite adjusting for a wide range of potential determinants, including body physique and socio-economic circumstances, emphasising the need to use ethnic-specific equations when interpreting results. PMID:26493801

Anisotropy and Microstructure of High Coercivity Rare Earth Iron Permanent Magnets, List of Papers Published

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-01-01

EARTH IRON PERMANENT MAGNETS. LIST OF PAPERS PUBLISHED 1986 - 1989 Contract No.: DAJA45-86-C-0010 Report No.: R/D-5295-MS-01 NOV 0 � A = LIST OF...R.Gr~ssinger - ’-Does a Co substitution really improve the temperature dependence of Nd-Fe-B based permanent magnets" .’ Proc. of 91h Int. Workshop...in NdzFe,4-4-iZx B (Z=A1,Si,Co, Ga) compounds", J. de Physique 49 (1988) CS-599. (16) R.Gr8ssinger, R.Krewenka, H.Buchn~r, H.Harada " A new analysis of

Social Physique Anxiety, Obligation to Exercise, and Exercise Choices among College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chu, Hui-Wen; Bushman, Barbara A.; Woodard, Rebecca J.

2008-01-01

Objective: The authors examined relationships among social physique anxiety, obligation to exercise, and exercise choices. Participants and Methods: College students (N = 337; 200 women, 137 men) volunteered to complete 3 questionnaires: the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS), Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire (OEQ), and Physical Activity…

Nutrient intake, body fat, and lipid profiles of competitive male and female bodybuilders.

PubMed

Bazzarre, T L; Kleiner, S M; Litchford, M D

1990-04-01

The purpose of this research was to measure nutrient intake, body fat, [estimated from seven skinfolds: chest, axilla, triceps, subscapular, abdominal, suprailiac, and thigh (Jackson and Pollock, 1985)], total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-C, and HDL3-C of 19 male and 8 female bodybuilders competing in the National Physique Committee's USA Bodybuilding Championships (Raleigh, NC, April 1988). Casual blood samples and anthropometric data were collected 18 hours prior to competition, whereas 7-day diet records were completed 1 week prior to competition. Only 11 males and 2 females provided blood samples. Competitors were not tested for steroid use. These data are unique because the measurements were collected on site at the competition. Data are presented as means and standard deviations. Estimated body fat for males (6.0 +/- 1.8%) and females (9.8 +/- 1.5%) was quite low. Blood lipids (mg%) for males (TC = 187 +/- 11, HDL-C = 37 +/- 6, HDL2-C = 13 +/- 4, and HDL3-C = 24 +/- 4) were not indicative of increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Data for the 2 females (TC = 190, 205; HDL-C = 56, 56; HDL2-C = 22, 8; and HDL3-C = 34, 48) could only be evaluated on an individual basis. Body fat was significantly correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.63; p = 0.04) and HDL3-C (r = 0.65; p = 0.03), but not TC nor HDL2-C. Of the dietary variables, only saturated fat was significantly correlated with HDL2-C (r = 0.60; p = 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

High Maternal Age and Low Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index Correlate with Lower Birth Weight of Male Infants.

PubMed

Fukuda, Sayuri; Tanaka, Yurika; Harada, Kiyomi; Saruwatari, Ayako; Kitaoka, Kaori; Odani, Kiyoko; Aoi, Wataru; Wada, Sayori; Nishi, Yukari; Oguni, Tatsuya; Asano, Hiroaki; Hagiwara, Nobuko; Higashi, Akane

2017-02-01

In Japan, the percentage of leanness has been increasing in young women, and the percentage of low birth weight infants (< 2,500 g) has increased. Moreover, the average age of primiparas rose 3.5 years during the last 30 years. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between maternal age and the influence of maternal pre-pregnancy physique on the neonatal physique of infants. Questionnaires were issued to the participants and collected when they submitted their gestational notifications at their local ward office in Kyoto Prefecture. After delivery, we obtained information on the course of the pregnancy and the neonatal physique of the infants from the participant's maternal passbooks. A total of 454 mothers (age 20 ≥) were analyzed: 161 young mothers (aged 20 to 29 years), 185 mothers (aged 30 to 34 years), and 108 older mothers (age ≥ 35). Overall, the mean rate of leanness (pre-pregnancy BMI < 18.5) was 23.8%. We found that birth weight was significantly lower in female infants, born to lean young mothers, compared to non-lean young mothers, whereas no significant difference was detected in other mothers (age ≥ 30), irrespective of pre-pregnancy BMI. By contrast, male infants, born to older lean mothers (age ≥ 35), showed significantly lower birth weight. Thus, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI exerts differential effects on the fetal growth (neonatal physique), depending on the maternal age and the sex of infants. We need to improve BMI in pre-pregnancy women, especially those in the twenties and 35 years old or over.

Atelier d'astronomie X

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ballet, J.; Barret, D.

2001-01-01

L'astronomie X connait aujourd'hui une de ses périodes les plus actives et les plus fastes, après le lancement de Chandra et XMM-Newton, et alors que Beppo SAX et Rossi XTE sont toujours en orbite. L'extraordinaire complémentarité de ces satellites est telle que leur domaine d'utilisation est extrêmement vaste, couvrant des étoiles jeunes aux toujours énigmatiques sursauts γ, en passant bien entendu par les trous noirs accrétants dans les binaires X ou dans les noyaux actifs de galaxies. L'atelier fut organisé selon quatre thèmes les étoiles, les phénomènes explosifs, les binaires X et les noyaux actifs de galaxies. Les résultats qui y furent présentés, pour chacun de ces thèmes témoignent de la superbe qualité des données obtenues. En particulier l'accès à la haute résolution spectrale (réseaux) en rayons X marque un pas important. Les présentations plus théoriques ont montré que parallèlement des progrès significatifs sont réalisés dans la physique de l'accrétion autour des objets compacts. Les actes de l'atelier donnent un panorama représentatif des progrès réalisés récemment par l'astronomie X, aussi bien du point de vue observationnel que théorique. Ces actes de colloque sont aussi l'occasion de rappeler l'historique et ce que furent les activités scientifiques de notre GdR au moment ou il doit s'intègrer au GdR PCHE et au PNPS. Enfin, pour toutes informations complémentaires concernant l'atelier: http://www.cesr.fr/~barret/adj/vg.html Ce site donne accès en particulier à la plupart des présentations (transparents).

Effect of Sports Club Activities on the Physique and Physical Fitness of Young Japanese Males

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noguchi, Takanori; Demura, Shin-ichi; Shimada, Shigeru; Kobayashi, Hidetsugu; Yamaji, Shunsuke; Yamada, Takayoshi

2013-01-01

This study compared the growth and development of the physique and physical fitness of young Japanese males who belong to sports clubs and those who did not based on longitudinal data obtained over four years. Physique and physical fitness tests were administered to 253 healthy male technical college students four times from the 9 to 12 grade.…

Preferential Surface Adsorption in Miscible Blends of Polystyrene and Poly(vinyl methyl ether).

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-02

D. J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 74, 356. , c’’ 26~’::~ ~ ~ q,.,rf~.. w KRINMNIMVWU94M ~ ~ W-.TO"Kśtv X"- uV 23 25. Ober, R.; Paz, L.: Taupin , C.; Pincus, P...Boileau, S. Macromolecules 1983, 16 50. 26. DiMeglio, J.M.; Ober, R.; Paz, L.; Taupin , C.; Pincus, P.; Boileau, S. J. Physique 1983,4!, 1035. 27

Préface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moncorgé, R.

2006-12-01

Cette nouvelle édition du Colloque UVX avait pour objectifs de : - réunir les chercheurs et les industriels intéressés par les applications et les développements les plus récents obtenus sur les sources UV, VUV et X, cohérentes ou incohérentes, et les optiques et matériaux associés ; - dresser un bilan des sources de photons à haute énergie et de leurs applications courantes et futures ; - susciter de nouvelles collaborations ; - ouvrir de nouveaux champs disciplinaires. Elle a été organisée par le laboratoire CIRIL au VVF de Colleville-sur-Mer, dans le département du Calvados, du 6 au 9 juin 2006, la journée du 5 juin ayant été consacrée à une réunion de travail du GDR CNRS SAXO, ce GDR regroupant une majorité de scientifiques concernés par le Colloque UVX. La manifestation a réuni ainsi une centaine de participants dont une dizaine d'exposants industriels. Parmi ces participants, trente étaient invités à donner une conférence orale. Une sélection a été faite également parmi les meilleures communications soumises par affiches pour qu'elles soient présentées oralement. Une trentaine de ces communications ont été préparées sous la forme d'articles de 6 à 12 pages et font l'objet de cet ouvrage. De nombreux travaux récents ont été exposés tant au niveau des sources que des techniques de caractérisation et des applications, ceci dans des domaines très divers allant de la physique des lasers et de la mise en forme spatiale et temporelle des faisceaux au domaine de l'imagerie médicale et biologiques en passant par les techniques de fabrication des cristaux, fibres et films minces organiques et inorganiques. Plusieurs résultats marquants en sont ressortis. Dans le domaine des sources, la mise en forme spatiale du faisceau laser utilisé pour la production d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé dans les gaz, ceci à l'aide de lames de phase peu onéreuses et simples d'utilisation, semble être une bonne solution pour accroître les efficacités de conversion et pour produire des impulsions UVX de quelques dizaines de microjoules. Parallèlement, des progrès notables ont été effectués dans la génération d'impulsions sub-100 as isolées accordables et de large bande spectrale en utilisant des impulsions de pompe ultracourtes bien contrôlée en phase. Il apparaît que la gamme spectrale accessible peut être encore largement étendue en jouant sur la longueur d'onde excitatrice et sur le milieu générateur pour pouvoir atteindre des impulsions de moins de 10 as. Des premiers résultats ont été aussi exposés concernant l'obtention d'un laser X à 18,9 nm pompé en incidence rasante (technique GRIP) à partir d'une cible de molybdène nickelloide et d'un laser Ti:Sa produisant des impulsions de plus de 2 microjoules. L'intérêt des milieux gazeux à excimères a été également de nouveau démontré pour l'amplification d'impulsions ultracourtes intenses TW dans le proche UV avec un contraste élevé (>1011). Bien qu'encore marginale, il faut enfin signaler l'arrivée des fibres optiques microstructurées avec la génération de supercontinuum de longueurs d'onde (spectre blanc) jusque dans le proche UV. Du côté des processus fondamentaux et des applications, sont particulièrement ressortis la caractérisation de plasmas denses utilisant des harmoniques élevées à l'aide d'une expérience interférométrique originale, la caractérisation de plasmas de taille nanométrique émetteurs de rayonnement X produits par interaction d'impulsions laser ultracourtes avec des agrégats de gaz rares ainsi que le dépôt de couches minces de biomolécules à l'aide de la technique MAPLE, technique susceptible d'améliorer la conservation des molécules, en particulier des protéines. Enfin, dans le domaine de la métrologie et de l'imagerie, l'importance des lames de phase dans la mise en forme spatiale des faisceaux, en particulier pour le projet Mega-Joule, a été de nouveau souligné, des progrès significatifs (réflectivité, bande passante, stabilité temporelle et thermique) ont été obtenus dans le domaine des revêtements interférentiels multicouches pour laser EUV autour de 40 nm, et des améliorations significatives, en particulier au niveau des détecteurs, ont été signalées dans le domaine de l'imagerie X du petit animal, la conception de sources dédiées à microfoyers délivrant des rayons X de basses énergies très rapides pour éviter le flou inhérent aux mouvements de l'animal restant encore nécessaire. Le Colloque a permis des échanges très fructueux entre laséristes et utilisateurs et entre scientifiques et industriels commercialisant sources, systèmes et détecteurs. Il a permis également de donner la parole à des intervenants très jeunes et souvent très brillants (doctorants et jeunes chercheurs) qui seront sans aucun doute les futurs responsables de nos laboratoires, centres de recherche et entreprises. Les progrès constatés résultant de travaux portant souvent sur les deux années écoulées (puisque c'est la fréquence choisie pour ce Colloque) et les résultats obtenus comme les perspectives annoncées montrant de nouveau toute la pertinence de cette manifestation, celle-ci sera reconduite en 2008.

Effects of High vs. Low Protein Intake on Body Composition and Maximal Strength in Aspiring Female Physique Athletes Engaging in an 8-Week Resistance Training Program.

PubMed

Campbell, Bill I; Aguilar, Danielle; Conlin, Laurin; Vargas, Andres; Schoenfeld, Brad Jon; Corson, Amey; Gai, Chris; Best, Shiva; Galvan, Elfego; Couvillion, Kaylee

2018-02-06

Aspiring female physique athletes are often encouraged to ingest relatively high levels of dietary protein in conjunction with their resistance-training programs. However, there is little to no research investigating higher vs. lower protein intakes in this population. This study examined the influence of a high vs. low protein diet in conjunction with an 8-week resistance training program in this population. Seventeen females (21.2±2.1 years; 165.1±5.1 cm; 61±6.1 kg) were randomly assigned to a high protein diet (HP: 2.5g/kg/day; n=8) or a low protein diet (LP: 0.9g/kg/day, n=9) and were assessed for body composition and maximal strength prior to and after the 8-week protein intake and exercise intervention. Fat-free mass (FFM) increased significantly more in the HP group as compared to the LP group (p=0.009), going from 47.1 ± 4.5kg to 49.2 ± 5.4kg (+2.1kg) and from 48.1 ± 2.7kg to 48.7 ± 2 (+0.6kg) in the HP and LP groups, respectively. Fat mass significantly decreased over time in the HP group (14.1 ± 3.6kg to 13.0 ± 3.3kg; p<0.01) but no change was observed in the LP group (13.2 ± 3.7kg to 12.5 ± 3.0kg). While maximal strength significantly increased in both groups, there were no differences in strength improvements between the two groups. In aspiring female physique athletes, a higher protein diet is superior to a lower protein diet in terms of increasing FFM in conjunction with a resistance training program.

Examining social physique anxiety and disordered eating in college women. The roles of social comparison and body surveillance.

PubMed

Fitzsimmons-Craft, Ellen E; Harney, Megan B; Brownstone, Lisa M; Higgins, M K; Bardone-Cone, Anna M

2012-12-01

Social physique anxiety has been found to be associated with disordered eating. However, what is not yet known is what behaviors college women may engage in that strengthen this relation. In the current study, we examined two possible moderating factors, social comparison and body surveillance. We examined whether these moderators might also generalize to trait anxiety, as well. Participants were 265 women attending a Southeastern university. Social comparison (both general and appearance-related) and body surveillance were tested as moderators of the relation between social physique anxiety and disordered eating. Results indicated that general social comparison, appearance-related social comparison, and body surveillance significantly moderated this relation. Individuals who were high in social physique anxiety and who reported high levels of general or appearance-related social comparison or body surveillance reported much higher levels of disordered eating than those with high social physique anxiety and low levels of these behaviors. Results indicated that only the trait anxiety×body surveillance interaction was significant in identifying elevated disordered eating. Results provide information regarding who may experience high levels of disordered eating in association with social physique anxiety, which has clinical implications including the conceptualization of social comparison and body surveillance as safety behaviors. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Le syndrome des enfants battus: aspects cliniques et radiologiques

PubMed Central

Jlalia, Zied; Znaigui, Talel; Smida, Mahmoud

2016-01-01

La maltraitance physique des enfants ou le syndrome des enfants battus est responsable de plus de 75.000 décès par an en France. Ce problème de santé publique reste sous diagnostiqué en Tunisie et dans le monde. Le chemin a été laborieux pour la reconnaissance du syndrome des enfants battus dans certaines sociétés même occidentales. Nous avons voulus exposer ce problème aux praticiens afin qu'il soit mieux diagnostiqué et pris en charge. La maltraitance physique des enfants est appelée à tort syndrome de Silverman qui ne regroupe en fait que les lésions squelettiques chez ces enfants tels que les fractures. Mots clés: Fracture, maltraitance, enfant, neuro-radiologie PMID:27642408

Rapport sur l'état du patrimoine astronomique dans les observatoires français de la fin du XIXè siècle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Damm, E.; Pécontal, E.

2012-12-01

Suite au colloque sur la sauvegarde du patrimoine astronomique organisé par le MAEE et la SAF, sous l'égide de l'UNESCO, qui a conduit à l'adoption de la Déclaration de Paris, les directeurs d'observatoires institutionnels qui étaient absents du colloque ont ressenti le besoin de discuter de ces conclusions prises en leur nom. L'initiative d'organiser une réunion des directeurs des Observatoires des Sciences de l'Univers (OSU) à ce sujet le 30 janvier 2012 a été prise par François Vernotte, directeur de l'Observatoire de Besançon. Le présent compte-rendu de visite résulte d'une initiative spontanée d'Emmanuel Pécontal, astronome responsable du Patrimoine à l'observatoire de Lyon, et d'Evelyne Damm, membre de la Commission Nationale de classement des Monuments Historiques (CNMH) et élue à la communauté d'agglomération des Portes de l'Essonne oû est sis l'observatoire de Camille Flammarion.

Exercise dependence, social physique anxiety, and social support in experienced and inexperienced bodybuilders and weightlifters

PubMed Central

Hurst, R.; Hale, B.; Smith, D.; Collins, D.

2000-01-01

Objectives—To investigate psychological correlates of exercise dependence in experienced and inexperienced bodybuilders and weightlifters. Secondary objectives included measuring social physique anxiety, bodybuilding identity, and social support among bodybuilders and weightlifters. Methods—Thirty five experienced bodybuilders, 31 inexperienced bodybuilders, and 23 weightlifters completed the bodybuilding dependence scale, a bodybuilding version of the athletic identity measurement scale, the social physique anxiety scale, and an adapted version of the social support survey-clinical form. Results—A between subjects multivariate analysis of variance was calculated on the scores of the three groups of lifters for the four questionnaires. Univariate F tests and follow up tests indicated that experienced bodybuilders scored significantly higher than inexperienced bodybuilders and weightlifters on bodybuilding dependence (p<0.001), social identity and exclusivity subscales of bodybuilding identity (p<0.001), and social support scales (p<.001), and significantly lower on social physique anxiety (p<0.001). Conclusion—Experienced bodybuilders exhibit more exercise dependence, show greater social support behaviour, and experience less social physique anxiety than inexperienced bodybuilders and weightlifters. Key Words: bodybuilding; exercise dependence; social physical anxiety; social support; athletic identity PMID:11131230

The Social Physique Anxiety Scale: construct validity in adolescent females.

PubMed

McAuley, E; Burman, G

1993-09-01

Hart, Leary, and Rejeski have developed the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPA), a measure of the anxiety experienced in response to having one's physique evaluated by other people. The present study cross-validated the psychometric properties of this measure in a sample (N = 236) of adolescent competitive female gymnasts. Employing structural equation modeling, the proposed unidimensional factor structure of the SPA was supported, although some questions regarding the robustness of the fit are raised. Construct validity was demonstrated by significant inverse relationships between aspects of physical efficacy (perceived physical ability and physical self-presentation confidence) and degree of social physique anxiety. These findings are discussed in terms of possible alternative factor structures and integration of social anxiety and other psychosocial constructs to better understand physical activity behavior.

Media effects of experimental presentation of the ideal physique on eating disorder symptoms: a meta-analysis of laboratory studies.

PubMed

Hausenblas, Heather A; Campbell, Anna; Menzel, Jessie E; Doughty, Jessica; Levine, Michael; Thompson, J Kevin

2013-02-01

Older meta-analyses of the effects of the media's portrayal of the ideal physique have found small effects revealing that exposure to the ideal physique increases body image concerns. These meta-analyses also included correlational, quasi-experimental, and experimental studies, with limited examination of moderators and other relevant outcomes besides body image. We conducted a systematic literature search and identified 33 experimental (i.e., pre and post data for both experimental and control groups) laboratory studies examining the effects of acute exposure to the media's portrayal of the ideal physique on eating disorder symptoms (i.e., body image, positive affect, negative affect, self-esteem, anger, anxiety and depression) and the mechanisms that moderate this effect. Fourteen separate meta-analyses revealed a range of small to moderate effect sizes for change in outcomes from pre to post for both experimental and control groups. Exposure to images of the ideal physique resulted in small effect sizes for increased depression and anger and decreased self-esteem and positive affect. Moderator analyses revealed moderate effect sizes for increased depression and body dissatisfaction among high-risk participants. This meta-analysis makes it clear that media exposure of the ideal physique results in small changes in eating disorder symptoms, particularly with participants at high risk for developing an eating disorder. Further research is needed to examine the longitudinal effects of media exposure of eating disorder symptoms. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Calendar of Selected Aeronautical and Space Meetings (Calendrier des Manifestations Aeronautiques et Spatiales (Selection))

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-01-01

Structurces, Matdriaux et MWcanique appliqu&c 53 08 - Physique de U’Atmosph~re et Environnement terrestre 73 09 -Information, Documentation et Informatique 77...CO 80840 US UTIIS University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science: 7-22-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106 JA VDE Verband Deutscher

Nitramine Propellant Ignition and Combustion Research: New Tools and New Directions

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-02-01

promising innovation for the application of laser diagnostics to combustion studies is the use of planar imaging techniques. 13 This allows the...A.M. and Trott , W.M., J. de Physique 48, Colloq. C4, 179-188 (1987) 96. Fontijin, A., Ed. "Gas-Phase Chemiluminescence and Chemi-lonization," North

Les Annales de Réadaptation et de Médecine Physique publication in 2008.

PubMed

Thevenon, A

2009-03-01

In 2008 the European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ESPRM) established a network of European journal and promoted collaboration among the European Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) journals. In this connection, the authors present here the articles published in the Annales de Réadaptation et Médecine Physique in 2008. In the same time, the European Journal presents in the Annales de Réadaptation et Médecine Physique its main articles of year 2008. The papers published in the Annales de Réadaptation et Médecine Physique in 2008 were reviewed, classified by topics and discussed. Sixty-four papers are described, with a coverage of all the fields of PRM, from childhood to elderly, from basic science to clinical research, from case studies to epidemiological works. The aim of this paper was to provide physiatrists with some articles of the Annales de Réadaptation et Médecine Physique related to their working condition. Next year, the name of our journal will become Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, as most of the articles will be published in French and in English, with the hope that more and more European authors and readers will find it more convenient.

Social Physique Anxiety and Intention to Be Physically Active: A Self-Determination Theory Approach.

PubMed

Sicilia, Álvaro; Sáenz-Alvarez, Piedad; González-Cutre, David; Ferriz, Roberto

2016-12-01

Based on self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between social physique anxiety and intention to be physically active, while taking into account the mediating effects of the basic psychological needs and behavioral regulations in exercise. Having obtained parents' prior consent, 390 students in secondary school (218 boys, 172 girls; M age  = 15.10 years, SD = 1.94 years) completed a self-administered questionnaire during physical education class that assessed the target variables. Preliminary analyses included means, standard deviations, and bivariate correlations among the target variables. Next, a path analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood estimation method with the bootstrapping procedure in the statistical package AMOS 19. Analysis revealed that social physique anxiety negatively predicted intention to be physically active through mediation of the basic psychological needs and the 3 autonomous forms of motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, and identified regulation). The results suggest that social physique anxiety is an internal source of controlling influence that hinders basic psychological need satisfaction and autonomous motivation in exercise, and interventions aimed at reducing social physique anxiety could promote future exercise.

The Physique of Elite Female Artistic Gymnasts: A Systematic Review.

PubMed

Bacciotti, Sarita; Baxter-Jones, Adam; Gaya, Adroaldo; Maia, José

2017-09-01

It has been suggested that successful young gymnasts are a highly select group in terms of the physique. This review summarizes the available literature on elite female gymnasts' anthropometric characteristics, somatotype, body composition and biological maturation. The main aims were to identify: (i) a common physique and (ii) the differences, if any, among competitive/performance levels. A systematic search was conducted online using five different databases. Of 407 putative papers, 17 fulfilled all criteria and were included in the review. Most studies identified similar physiques based on: physical traits (small size and low body mass), a body type (predominance of ecto-mesomorphy), body composition (low fat mass), and maturity status (late skeletal maturity as well as late age-at-menarche). However, there was no consensus as to whether these features predicted competitive performance, or even differentiated between gymnasts within distinctive competitive levels. In conclusion, gymnasts, as a group, have unique pronounced characteristics. These characteristics are likely due to selection for naturally-occurring inherited traits. However, data available for world class competitions were mostly outdated and sample sizes were small. Thus, it was difficult to make any conclusions about whether physiques differed between particular competitive levels.

Prospective associations of concerns about physique and the development of obesity, binge drinking, and drug use among adolescent boys and young adult men.

PubMed

Field, Alison E; Sonneville, Kendrin R; Crosby, Ross D; Swanson, Sonja A; Eddy, Kamryn T; Camargo, Carlos A; Horton, Nicholas J; Micali, Nadia

2014-01-01

Relatively little is known about the prevalence of concerns with physique and eating disorders among males and their relation to subsequent adverse outcomes. A broader range of eating disorders needs to be defined to diagnose these illnesses appropriately in males. To investigate whether males with psychiatric symptoms related to disordered eating and concern about physique are more likely to become obese, to start using drugs, to consume alcohol frequently (binge drinking), or to develop high levels of depressive symptoms. The data come from questionnaires sent every 12 to 36 months from 1999 through 2010 to youth in a prospective cohort study, the Growing Up Today Study. The analysis included 5527 males aged 12 to 18 years in 1999 from across the United States who responded to the Growing Up Today Study questionnaires. Development of obesity and high levels of depressive symptoms and initiation of drug use and binge drinking at least monthly. From 1999 through 2011 in at least 1 study year, 9.2% of respondents reported high concerns with muscularity but no bulimic behaviors; 2.4%, high concerns with muscularity and use of supplements, growth hormone derivatives, or anabolic steroids to achieve their desired physique; 2.5%, high concerns with thinness but no bulimic behaviors; and 6.3%, high concerns with thinness and muscularity. For eating disorders, 0.8% had partial- or full-criteria bulimia nervosa or purging disorder and 2.9% had partial or full-criteria binge eating disorder but no association with the outcomes of interest. Infrequent binge eating or purging or overeating without a loss of control were reported by 31.0%. However, independent of age and body mass index, males with high concerns about thinness but not muscularity were more likely to develop high depressive symptoms (odds ratio, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.36-5.44). Males with high concerns about muscularity and thinness were more likely than their peers to use drugs (odds ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.31-3.46), and males with high concerns about muscularity who used supplements and other products to enhance physique were more likely to start binge drinking frequently (2.06; 1.58-2.69) and using drugs (2.16; 1.49-3.11). High concerns with muscularity are relatively common among adolescent boys and young men. Males with these concerns who use potentially unhealthy products to improve their physique are at increased risk of adverse outcomes but may not be recognized by their health care providers as having a weight-related disorder because of the sex-specific presentation.

Individual variability in the core interthreshold zone as related to body physique, somatotype, and physical constitution.

PubMed

Kakitsuba, Naoshi; Mekjavic, Igor B; Katsuura, Tetsuo

2009-11-01

For evaluating the effect of body physique, somatotype, and physical constitution on individual variability in the core interthreshold zone (CIZ), data from 22 healthy young Japanese male subjects were examined. The experiment was carried out in a climatic chamber in which air temperature was maintained at 20-24 degrees C. The subjects' body physique and the maximum work load were measured. Somatotype was predicted from the Heath-Carter Somatotype method. In addition, factors reflecting physical constitution, for example, susceptibility to heat and cold, and quality of sleep were obtained by questionnaire. The subjects wore a water-perfused suit which was perfused with water at a temperature of 25 degrees C and at a rate of 600 cc/min, and exercised on an ergometer at 50% of their maximum work rate for 10-15 min until their sweating rate increased. They then remained continuously seated without exercise until shivering increased. Rectal temperature (T(re)) and skin temperatures at four sites were monitored by thermistors, and sweating rate was measured at the forehead with a sweat rate monitor. Oxygen uptake was monitored with a gas analyzer. The results showed individual variability in the CIZ. According to the reciprocal cross-inhibition (RCI) theory, thermoafferent information from peripheral and core sensors is activated by T(re), mean skin temperature (T(sk)), and their changes. Since T(sk) was relatively unchanged, the data were selected to eliminate the influence of the core cooling rate on the sensor-to-effector pathway before RCI, and the relationship between the CIZ and the various factors was then analyzed. The results revealed that susceptibility to heat showed a good correlation with the CIZ, indicating that individual awareness of heat may change the CIZ due to thermoregulatory behavior.

All-Manganite Tunnel Junctions with Interface-Induced Barrier Magnetism

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sefrioui, Zouhair

2011-03-01

The recent discovery of several unexpected phases at complex oxide interfaces is providing new insights into the physics of strongly correlated electron systems. The possibility of tailoring the electronic structure of such interfaces has triggered a great technological drive to functionalize them into devices. In this communication, we describe an alternative strategy to produce spin filtering by inducing a ferromagnetic insulating state in an ultrathin antiferromagnetic layer in contact with a ferromagnetic layer. This artificially induced spin filtering persists up to relatively high temperatures and operates at high applied bias voltages. The results suggest that after playing a key role in exchange-bias for spin-valves, uncompensated moments at engineered antiferromagnetic interfaces represent a novel route for generating highly spin-polarized currents with antiferromagnets. Work done in collaboration with M. Bibes, C. Carrétéro, A. Barthélémy (Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Campus de Polytechnique, 1, Avenue A. Fresnel, 91767 Palaiseau (France) and Université Paris-Sud, 91045 Orsay (France)), F.A. Cuellar, C. Visani, A. Rivera-Calzada, , C. León, J. Santamaria (Grupo de Física de Materiales Complejos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid (Spain)), M.J. Calderón, L. Brey (Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid (Spain)), K. March, M. Walls, D. Imhoff (Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay (France)), R. Lopez Anton, T.R. Charlton (ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX (United Kingdom)), E. Iborra (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicaciones, 28040 Madrid (Spain)), F. Ott (Léon Brillouin, CEA/CNRS, UMR 12, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France)). This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry for Science and Education programs MAT2008 06517, and the Réseau Thématique de Recherche Avancée (RTRA) ``Triangle de la Physique.''

Niveaux d'étude du cerveau, et sagesse physique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toulouse, Gérard

1993-02-01

The brain is a complex spatio-temporal affair. Several brain theories propose the definition of three superposed levels of study. But physics, though the experience of condensed matter physics, suggests that it is unwise to enforce onto brain theories a unified hierarchical scheme, the inspiration for which seems to come from the realm of sub-molecular physics. Le cerveau est une affaire spatio-temporelle complexe. Plusieurs théories du cerveau proposent de définir trois niveaux d'études superposés. Mais la physique, à travers l'expérience de la physique de la matière condensée, suggère qu'il n'est pas sage d'imposer sur les théories du cerveau un schéma hiérarchique unifié, dont l'inspiration semble provenir du domaine de la physique sub-moléculaire.

Health and Physique of School Children. Bulletin, 1925, No. 21

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rogers, James Frederick

1925-01-01

This bulletin reports on the changes and progress in practice and conditions in: (1) School Housing; (2) Playgrounds; (3) Medical inspection; (4) Dental work; (5) Nutrition; (6) Open-air schools and open-window rooms; (7) The summer camp; (8) Other special schools and classes; (9) Health education; (10) Physical training; (11) Safety and first…

Une vie saine et active : des directives en matière d’activité physique chez les enfants et les adolescents

PubMed Central

Lipnowski, Stan; LeBlanc, Claire MA

2012-01-01

RÉSUMÉ L’épidémie d’obésité juvénile augmente partout dans le monde. Même si les facteurs de risque d’obésité sont multifactoriels, bon nombre sont liés au mode de vie et se prêtent à une intervention. Ces facteurs incluent le comportement sédentaire et la thermogenèse sans activité physique, de même que la fréquence, l’intensité, la quantité et le type d’activité physique. Les dispensateurs de soins de première ligne sont en position idéale pour surveiller le taux d’activité physique des enfants, des adolescents et de leur famille, évaluer les choix liés au mode de vie et offrir des conseils pertinents. Le présent document de principes contient des directives visant à réduire le comportement sédentaire et à accroître le taux d’activité physique au sein de la population pédiatrique. Des recommandations d’activités physiques adaptées au développement et visant les nourrissons, les tout-petits, les enfants d’âge préscolaire, les enfants et les adolescents sont présentées. Des stratégies de promotion d’une vie saine et active sur les scènes locale, municipale, provinciale, territoriale et fédérale sont proposées.

Le langage ecrit: Actes du 6e colloque d'orthophonie/logopedie (Written Language: Proceedings of the Sixth Colloquium on Speech Therapy/Speech Pathology) (Neuchatel, Switzerland, September 21-22, 2000).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Weck, Genevieve, Ed.; Sovilla, Jocelyne Buttet, Ed.

This collection of papers discusses various theoretical, clinical, and assessment issues in reading and writing delays and disorders. Topics include the following: integrating different theoretical approaches (cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, constructivism) into clinical approaches to reading and writing difficulties; difficulties of…

Symposium on Television Violence (Colloque sur la Violence a la Television); Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, August 24-26, 1975.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canadian Radio-Television Commission, Ottawa (Ontario).

This book presents material from a symposium on television violence that was organized by the Canadian Radio-Television Commission. Part 1, "The Public Issue," discusses the social effects of mass media and violence as a dramatic convention. Part 2, "The Social Effects of Television Violence," provides experiments, research,…

An example of a chaotic micromixer: the cross-channel micromixer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dodge, Arash; Jullien, Marie-Caroline; Lee, Yi-Kuen; Niu, X.; Okkels, Fridolin; Tabeling, Patrick

2004-06-01

In this article dedicated to micromixing, we concentrate here on a particular micromixer - the 'cross-channel micromixer'. This mixer exploits an oscillatory perturbation to induce chaotic trajectories, favoring mixing. We present here theory, numerical simulations and experiments performed on this system. To cite this article: A. Dodge et al., C. R. Physique 5 (2004).

Comparing a Yoga Class with a Resistance Exercise Class: Effects on Body Satisfaction and Social Physique Anxiety in University Women.

PubMed

Gammage, Kimberley L; Drouin, Breanne; Lamarche, Larkin

2016-11-01

The current study compared a single yoga group exercise class and a resistance group exercise class for their effects on state body satisfaction and social physique anxiety in women. A pretest-posttest design was used. Participants (N = 46) completed both a resistance exercise class and yoga class in a counterbalanced order. Measures of body satisfaction and social physique anxiety were completed immediately before and after each class. A 2 (time) × 2 (class type) repeatedmeasures multiple analysis of variance showed a significant overall Time × Class Type interaction (F 2,44 = 5.69, P < .01, η p 2 = .21). There was a significant increase in body satisfaction after the yoga class. After both classes, there was a significant decrease in social physique anxiety, but the magnitude of the change was larger after the yoga class than after the resistance class. Both types of exercise class were associated with improvements in body image, but there were greater improvements after the yoga class. This study provided evidence of the positive effects of yoga for reducing state social physique anxiety and increasing state body satisfaction, adding to correlational evidence suggesting that yoga is particularly beneficial for improving body image-related outcomes in women.

Development of Chinese reference man deformable surface phantom and its application to the influence of physique on electromagnetic dosimetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, D.; Wang, M.; Liu, Q.

2015-09-01

A reference man is a theoretical individual that represents the average anatomical structure and physiological and metabolic features of a specific group of people and has been widely used in radiation safety research. With the help of an advantage in deformation, the present work proposed a Chinese reference man adult-male polygon-mesh surface phantom based on the Visible Chinese Human segment image dataset by surface rendering and deforming. To investigate the influence of physique on electromagnetic dosimetry in humans, a series of human phantoms with 10th, 50th and 90th body mass index and body circumference percentile physiques for Chinese adult males were further constructed by deforming the Chinese reference man surface phantom. All the surface phantoms were then voxelized to perform electromagnetic field simulation in a frequency range of 20 MHz to 3 GHz using the finite-difference time-domain method and evaluate the whole-body average and organ average specific absorption rate and the ratios of absorbed energy in skin, fat and muscle to the whole body. The results indicate thinner physique leads to higher WBSAR and the volume of subcutaneous fat, the penetration depth of the electromagnetic field in tissues and standing-wave occurrence may be the influence factors of physique on electromagnetic dosimetry.

Synthese de champs sonores adaptative

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gauthier, Philippe-Aubert

La reproduction de champs acoustiques est une approche physique au probleme technologique de la spatialisation sonore. Cette these concerne l'aspect physique de la reproduction de champs acoustiques. L'objectif principal est l'amelioration de la reproduction de champs acoustiques par "synthese de champs acoustiques" ("Wave Field Synthesis", WFS), une approche connue, basee sur des hypotheses de champ libre, a l'aide du controle actif par l'ajout de capteurs de l'erreur de reproduction et d'une boucle fermee. Un premier chapitre technique (chapitre 4) expose les resultats d'appreciation objective de la WFS par simulations et mesures experimentales. L'effet indesirable de la salle de reproduction sur les qualites objectives de la WFS fut illustre. Une premiere question de recherche fut ensuite abordee (chapitre 5), a savoir s'il est possible de reproduire des champs progressifs en salle dans un paradigme physique de controle actif: cette possibilite fut prouvee. L'approche technique privilegiee, "synthese de champs adaptative" ("Adaptive Wave Field Synthesis" [AWFS]), fut definie, puis simulee (chapitre 6). Cette approche d'AWFS comporte une originalite en controle actif et en reproduction de champs acoustiques: la fonction cout quadratique representant la minimisation des erreurs de reproduction inclut une regularisation de Tikhonov avec solution a priori qui vient de la WFS. L'etude de l'AWFS a l'aide de la decomposition en valeurs singulieres (chapitre 7) a permis de comprendre les mecanismes propres a l'AWFS. C'est la deuxieme principale originalite de la these. L'algorithme FXLMS (LMS et reference filtree) est modifie pour l'AWFS (chapitre 8). Le decouplage du systeme par decomposition en valeurs singulieres est illustre dans le domaine du traitement de signal et l'AWFS basee sur le controle independant des modes de rayonnement est simulee (chapitre 8). Ce qui constitue la troisieme originalite principale de cette these. Ces simulations du traitement de signal montrent l'efficacite des algorithmes et la capacite de l'AWFS a attenuer les erreurs attribuables a des reflexions acoustiques. Le neuvieme chapitre presente des resultats experimentaux d'AWFS. L'objectif etait de valider la methode et d'evaluer les performances de l'AWFS. Un autre algorithme prometteur est aussi teste. Les resultats demontrent la bonne marche de l'AWFS et des algorithmes testes. Autant dans le cas de la reproduction de champs harmoniques que dans le cas de la reproduction de champs a large bande, l'AWFS reduit l'erreur de reproduction de la WFS et les effets indesirables causes par les lieux de reproduction.

Actes du colloque: Tendances actuelles de la recherche sur la langue parlee (Conference Presentations: Current Trends in Research on Oral Language).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Auger, Julie, Ed.

Student papers presented at a sociolinguistics conference include: "La variation phonologique [d'une voyelle] a Hull"; "La force illocutoire des pronoms personnels 'je' et 'tu' en tant qu'insignes des places d'ou parlent les femmes et les hommes"; "L'emploi des modes indicatif et subjonctif dans le francais parle de la…

Still life with less: North Korean young adult defectors in South Korea show continued poor nutrition and physique.

PubMed

Choi, Seul Ki; Park, Sang Min; Joung, Hyojee

2010-04-01

North Korean defectors who settle in South Korea have experienced severe food shortage and transition of food environment which could affect their health status. However, little is known about their anthropometric measurements and dietary intake after settlement in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to compare anthropometric measurements and dietary intake between North Korean young adults who defected to South Korea and those of South Koreans. We hypothesized that North Korean young adults' physiques and dietary intake would be poorer than that of South Koreans. We compared anthropometric measurements and dietary intake from 3-day food records in a cross-sectional study of 103 North Korean young adult defectors, aged 12 to 24 and 309 South Korean subjects. North Korean subjects were significantly shorter (4.9 to 10.8 cm) and lighter (6.0 to 12.5 kg) than the control group. Body mass index were significantly different between North and South Korean groups only in men. North Korean young adult defectors had lower mean daily intakes of energy and most nutrients and food groups compared to the control group, while North Korean subjects had higher nutrient density diet than that of South Koreans. The proportion of subjects who had dietary intakes of nutrients of less than the Estimated Average Requirement was higher in North Korean subjects than in controls except for in the cases of vitamin A and vitamin C. In conclusion, we recommend providing nutrition support programs for North Korean young adult defectors to secure adequate nutrient intake.

La Description des langues naturelles en vue d'applications linguistiques: Actes du colloque (The Description of Natural Languages with a View to Linguistic Applications: Conference Papers). Publication K-10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ouellon, Conrad, Comp.

Presentations from a colloquium on applications of research on natural languages to computer science address the following topics: (1) analysis of complex adverbs; (2) parser use in computerized text analysis; (3) French language utilities; (4) lexicographic mapping of official language notices; (5) phonographic codification of Spanish; (6)…

Seventh Colloquium on High Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy 14 to 18 September 1981 (Septieme Colloque sur la Spectroscopie Moleculaire a Haute Resolution 14 a 18 Septembre 1981).

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

K61n, D-5000 K61n 41 In our attempt to observe the high resolution infra- red spectra of the astrophysically interesting cyanopolyyne molecules, we...cyclobutylsilane could exist in two possible con- formations with the silylgroup in either the axial or equatorial position with respect to the puckered

Actes des journees de linguistique: Colloque sur la recherche etudiante (Proceedings of the Linguistics Conference: Colloquium on Student Research) (Quebec, Canada, March 18-19, 1988).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lepage, Danielle, Ed.; Dominik, Annette, Ed.

Presentations by students at a colloquium on student research on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the University of Laval's Faculty of Letters, March 18-19, 1988, include: "Une enquete sur la qualite du francais ecrit au Quebec"; "Amenagement linguistique et neologie"; "Analyse syntaxique des 'arrets et retours' en…

Bilinguisme et biculturalisme: Theories et pratiques professionnelles. Actes du 2eme colloque d'orthophomie/logopedie (Neuchatel, 17-18 septembre, 1992). (Bilingualism and Biculturalism: Theories and Professional Practices. Colloquium on Orthophony/Logopedy (2nd, Neuchatel, Switzerland, September 17-18, 1992)).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Py, Bernard, Ed.

1993-01-01

The conference papers from a colloquium on issues in bilingualism and biculturalism include: "Le bilinguisme et biculturalisme: essai de definition" ("Bilingualism and Biculturalism: Attempt at Definition") (Francois Grosjean); "La variation individuelle dans l'acquisition d'une langue seconde" ("Individual…

Tranel, Numero Special. Actes du 2eme colloque regional de linguistique, Neuchatel 2-3 Oct. 1986 (Tranel, Special Number. Proceedings of the Second Regional Linguistics Colloquium, Neuchatel, Switzerland, October 2-3, 1986).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neuchatel Univ. (Switzerland).

This publication presents 20 conference papers in French and German on aspects of linguistic research. Papers include: "Objectivite et subjectivite dans la connaissance du langage" (Mahmoudian); "Focalisation et antifocus"(Bearth); "Remarques sur la notion d''etymologie populaire'"(Chambon); "Sur la construction serielle en malgache"; (Fugier)…

African Regional Symposium on Telematics for Development. Report and Recommendations = Colloque regional africain la telematique au service du developpement. Rapport et recommandations (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, April 3-7, 1995).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Telecommunication Union, Geneva (Switzerland).

The African Regional Symposium on Telematics for Development was organized in view of the special educational and communication needs of Africa in a time of accelerating change and development of information technologies. The symposium brought together more than 150 African specialists, and over 40 participants from other regions and development…

Actes du colloque sur le bilinguisme, Universite de Neuchatel, 14/15 Septembre, 1981 (Proceedings of the Colloquium on Bilingualism, University of Neuchatel, September 14-15, 1981).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

TRANEL, 1982

1982-01-01

This issue contains proceedings of a colloquium on linguistics at the University of Neuchatel: (1) "Propositions epistemologiques pour une etude du bilinguisme (Epistemological Propositions for a Study of Bilingualism)," by B. Py; (2) "Comment on di ca? Prolegomenes a une etude de la composante semantique du langage des migrants (How Do You Say…

Developmental and Contextual Risks of Social Physique Anxiety among Female Athletes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gay, Jennifer L.; Monsma, Eva V.; Torres-McGehee, Toni M.

2011-01-01

In the present study, we examined developmental and contextual factors that may increase the odds of reporting higher social physique anxiety (SPA) among 404 adolescent athletes 11 to 16 years old. Findings showed older, later maturing athletes past peak height velocity and with greater body mass index (BMI) reported higher SPA. Individual…

Social Physique Anxiety in Adolescence: An Exploration of Influences, Coping Strategies, and Health Behaviors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sabiston, C. M.; Sedgwick, W. A.; Crocker, P. R. E.; Kowalski, K. C.; Mack, D. E.

2007-01-01

This study explored adolescent females' experiences of social physique anxiety (SPA) and related coping strategies. A final sample of 31 adolescent females ages 13 to 18 years discussed dealing with SPA during individual semistructured interviews. Resultant themes pertaining to the transactional experiences of SPA were coded using content…

An examination of eating attitudes and physical activity levels of Turkish university students with regard to self-presentational concern.

PubMed

Aşçi, F Hülya; Tüzün, Macide; Koca, Canan

2006-11-01

This study aimed to examine eating attitudes and physical activity level of young women and men university students with regard to social physique anxiety level. 482 university students participated in this study voluntarily. "Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40)", "Social Physique Anxiety Scale" and "Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire" were used to assess the eating attitude, social physique anxiety and physical activity level of participants, respectively. Women and men participants in this study were assigned to high (HSPA) and low (LSPA) social physique anxiety groups with respect to their median scores. Men had favorable eating attitudes and higher physical activity level than women. In addition, participants in the HSPA group had unfavorable eating attitudes and higher physical activity MET values than participants in the LSPA group. On the other hand, groupxgender interaction was only significant for the eating attitudes scores but, not for physical activity level. Women in the HSPA group scored higher on the EAT-40 than men in HSPA and women and men in the LSPA groups.

Optimism and Cardiovascular Function in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-02-17

their theories. For example, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) included references to both optimism and pessimism in his theory of human nature and...optimistic side of human nature and the drive towards death represents the pessimistic aspect of human nature ( Freud , 1927/1961, p. 8). The...W. (1977). Longitudinal physique changes among healthy white veterans at Boston. Human Biology, 49, 541-558. Freud , S. (1927/1961). Civilization

Somatotype in elderly type 2 diabetes patients.

PubMed

Buffa, Roberto; Floris, Giovanni; Putzu, Paolo F; Carboni, Luciano; Marini, Elisabetta

2007-09-01

Somatotyping is a practical technique for the description of physique. Individuals with Type 2 diabetes are characterized by physical peculiarities, such as overweight, obesity and a central pattern of body fat distribution. Somatotype applications to diabetes are limited. The objective of this study is to describe the somatotype of elderly type 2 diabetes patients. The sample consisted of 110 patients with type 2 diabetes (45 men, mean age 69.4 +/- 7.0 years; 65 women, mean age 72.9 +/- 7.1 years). The pathological subjects were compared with a control group consisting of 280 healthy individuals (134 men, mean age 74.2 +/- 7.3 years; 146 women, mean age 74.9 +/- 7.4 years). The Heath-Carter somatotype was applied. Diabetic men and women (mean somatotype, respectively: 6.8-5.6-0.6 and 8.6-6.4-0.2) presented significantly higher values of endomorphy than the controls (p = 0.043 in men, p = 0.003 in women); men also had a lower mesomorphic component (p = 0.000). The somatotype method revealed physical peculiarities in type 2 diabetes patients. The marked endomorphy in the pathological individuals can be related to general fatness, which is a well known disease risk factor. The somatotype appears to be a suitable technique for the assessment of physique in type 2 diabetes patients.

Examining Combinations of Social Physique Anxiety and Motivation Regulations Using Latent Profile Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ullrich-French, Sarah; Cox, Anne E.; Cooper, Brittany Rhoades

2016-01-01

Previous research has used cluster analysis to examine how social physique anxiety (SPA) combines with motivation in physical education. This study utilized a more advanced analytic approach, latent profile analysis (LPA), to identify profiles of SPA and motivation regulations. Students in grades 9-12 (N = 298) completed questionnaires at two time…

A Polytomous Item Response Theory Analysis of Social Physique Anxiety Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fletcher, Richard B.; Crocker, Peter

2014-01-01

The present study investigated the social physique anxiety scale's factor structure and item properties using confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory. An additional aim was to identify differences in response patterns between groups (gender). A large sample of high school students aged 11-15 years (N = 1,529) consisting of n =…

Give or Take a Few? Comparing Measured and Self-Reported Height and Weight as Correlates of Social Physique Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gay, Jennifer; Monsma, Eva V.; Torres-McGehee, Toni

2009-01-01

Statistically controlling for physical size is common practice, especially in self-perception studies uncovering the etiology of maladaptive behaviors, such as eating disorders. For example, social physique anxiety (SPA)--apprehension about social evaluations while presenting oneself in front of others (Leary, 1992)--is a prominent correlate of…

Physical and Physiological Correlates of Social Physique Anxiety in College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaman, Çetin

2017-01-01

The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship among social physique anxiety, physical measures such as body fat and physical self-concept. 367 (226 male and 141 female) college students ranging in age from 21 to 33 participated in the study. Participants were randomly chosen among the healthy students without any metabolic and…

Examining the Moderating Effect of Appearance Impression Motivation on the Relationship between Perceived Physical Appearance and Social Physique Anxiety

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amorose, Anthony J.; Hollembeak, Jill

2005-01-01

Despite the conceptual importance of impression motivation in predicting social anxiety (Leary & Kowalski, 1995; Schlenker & Leary, 1982), no research has tested the link between impression motivation specifically regarding one's physical appearance (appearance impression motivation, or AIM) and social physique anxiety (SPA). The purpose of this…

Social Physique Anxiety and Intention to Be Physically Active: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sicilia, Álvaro; Sáenz-Alvarez, Piedad; González-Cutre, David; Ferriz, Roberto

2016-01-01

Purpose: Based on self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between social physique anxiety and intention to be physically active, while taking into account the mediating effects of the basic psychological needs and behavioral regulations in exercise. Method: Having obtained parents' prior consent, 390…

Bibliography on Future Trends in Terrorism

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-09-01

Bernhard Restel, et alia. "La police en interfaces: Colloque universitaire de l’Institut Suisse de Police," Revue Internationale de Criminologie et...Convenzione di Ginevra per l’Istituzione di una Corte Penale Internazionale sul Terrorismo : Un document da tornare a leggere," Il Politico, [Rome], 62...The author, who is president of Peru , points out that terrorist organizations in Peru have struggled for a decade to erode the democratic system and

School Exchanges Present and Future. Proceedings of the Symposium (Barcelona, Spain, March 13-17, 1991) = Bilan et Perspectives des Echanges Scolaires. Actes du colloque (Barcelone, Spain, 13-17 mar 1991).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Commission of the European Communities, Brussels (Belgium).

This document sets forth the proceedings of a symposium on the subject of international educational exchanges. Part 1 of the document includes introductory remarks by Catalonia's minister of education and David Coyne of the European Commission's task force on human relations. Part 2 offers specific introductory material on political, theoretical,…

Les situations de communication. Actes du Colloque d'orthophonie/logopedie, (1er, Neuchatel, Suisse, 9-10 mars 1990). (Communication Situations. Papers from the Conference on Speech and Reading Therapy (1st, Neuchatel, Switzerland, March 9-10, 1990)).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Py, Bernard, Ed.

1990-01-01

The following papers were presented at the conference (titles are translated from the French): "Linguistic Approaches to Verbal Interaction and Its Context" (Jean-Francois de Pietro); "Pragmatic Approaches to the Rehabilitation of Aphasia Patients" (Marie-Pierre de Partz); "Contributions of Communication Development Theories: Limits of Their…

Le Changement linguistique: Evolution, variation, and heterogeneite. Actes du colloque de Neuchatel Universite (Neuchatel, Suisse, 2-4 Octobre 2000) (Linguistic Change: Evolution, Variation, Heterogeneity. Proceedings of the University of Neuchatel Colloquium [Neuchatel, Switzerland, October 2-4, 2000]).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthey, Marinette, Ed.

2001-01-01

Articles in this issue focus on language evolution, variation, and heterogeneity. The following are English translations of the French article titles appearing in the issue: "Irregular Phonetic Development Due to Frequency; Regional Traits in Proto-Romance"; "Linguistic Evolution and Evolution of Perspective in the Comparative…

Nonlinear Optical Interactions in Semiconductors

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-10-01

TACAN Aerospace Corporation. 6 V. Coupling A. C.N.R.S., Physique du Solide et Energie Solaire We have an on-going interaction with Dr. Christian...optical fiber to the semiconductor sample and back to the analyzing electronics. The band-gap energy of the semiconductor decreases with increasing...temperature. Consequently, the absorption of light in the energy region of the band-gap changes with temperature. From the measured light absorption, the

Nonlinear Optical Interactions in Semiconductors

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-03-16

aU internal audits for TACAN Corporation. 7 V. Coupling A, C. N. R. S., Physique du Solide et Energie Solaire We have an ongoing interaction with Dr...fiber to the semiconductor sample and back to the analyzing electronics. The band gap energy of the semiconductor decreases with increasing tem- perature...Consequently, the absorption of light in the energy region of the band gap changes with temperature. From the measured light absorp- tion, the

Quand la réadaptation blesse? Éducateurs victimes de violence

PubMed Central

Geoffrion, Steve; Ouellet, Frédéric

2014-01-01

Cette étude vise à comprendre le phénomène de la violence physique vécue par les éducateurs œuvrant dans dix Centres Jeunesse (CJ) du Québec. Pour ce faire, un sondage de victimisation a été administré à 586 éducateurs en internat. En premier lieu, la prévalence de cette problématique sera établie. Par la suite, les facteurs individuels et environnementaux prédisposant aux agressions physiques seront identifiés. Des édu-cateurs sondés, 53,9 % rapportent avoir été victimes de violence physique au cours de la dernière année. Sur le plan individuel, être affecté par les manifestations agressives des clients et la fréquence des violences psychologiques subies augmentent les risques de victimisation physique. Quant au contexte, l’âge de la clientèle et le motif de l’interven-tion (basé sur la loi justifiant le placement) auprès de l’enfant ou de l’adolescent influencent l’occurrence des actes violents dirigés contre les éducateurs. Nos analyses montrent également que les violences physiques dont sont victimes les éducateurs affectent autant l’individu que l’institution. L’identification de facteurs permettant de prédire les risques de victimisation pourrait notamment servir à orienter les programmes de prévention de la violence dans les CJ, mais aussi à cibler les éducateurs les plus à risque afin de leur fournir un soutien adapté. PMID:24976673

Social Physique Anxiety and Pressure to Be Thin in Adolescent Ballet Dancers, Rhythmic Gymnastics and Swimming Athletes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kosmidou, Evdoxia; Giannitsopoulou, Evgenia; Moysidou, Dimitra

2017-01-01

Participation in sports may influence negative body image and Social Physique Anxiety (SPA) as there is pressure by significant others to have a certain body image. The aim of the present study was to examine possible differences in SPA and perceived pressure to be thin between female preadolescent and adolescent ballet dancers, rhythmic…

Traditional medicine in Central Sahara: pharmacopoeia of Tassili N'ajjer.

PubMed

Hammiche, Victoria; Maiza, Khadra

2006-05-24

Further to the previously reported ethnobotanical surveys of North-Sahara and Ahaggar [Maiza, K., Brac de la Perrière, R.A., Bounaga, N., Hammiche, V., 1990. Usages traditionnels des plantes spontanées d'El Goléa. Actes du Colloque de l'Association. Française pour la Conservation des Espèces Végétales, Mulhouse; Maiza, K., Hammiche, V, Bounaga, N., Brac de la Perrière, R.A., 1992. Inventaire des plantes médicinales de trois régions d'Algérie. Actes du Colloque International hommage à Jean Pernès: Complexes d'espèces, flux de gènes, ressources génétiques des plantes. Paris, pp. 631-633; Maiza, K., Brac de la Perrière, R.A., Hammiche, V., 1993a. Traditional Saharian pharmacopoeia. Acta Horticulturae, I.S.H.S. 332, 37-42; Maiza, K., Brac de la Perrière, R.A., Hammiche, V., 1993b. Récents apports à l'ethnopharmacologie du Sahara algérien: Actes du 2ème Colloque Européen d'Ethnopharmacologie & 11ème Conférence Internationale d'Ethnomédecine. Heidelberg, pp. 169-171; Maiza, K., Brac de la Perrière, R.A., Hammiche, V., 1995. Pharmacopée traditionnelle saharienne. Revue de Médecines et Pharmacopées Africaines, 9 (No. 1), 71-75; Maiza, K., Smati, D., Brac de la Perrière, R.A., et Hammiche, V., 2005. Pharmacopée traditionnelle au Sahara Central: Pharmacopée de l'Ahaggar. Retenu pour publication. Revue de Médecines et Pharmacopées Africaines.], we have now moved our investigations on Tassili N'Ajjer, another distinct region of the Southern Algerian Sahara. Ethnobotanic research has been carried out through interviews with nomad populations and the traditional pratictionners of recognised competence. To date, 80 wild indigenous medicinal plants have been identified and are currently used by the local population for various illnesses. Information on their vernacular Tamahaq and Arabic names, their flowering distribution, the parts used, the modes of preparation and routes of administration are reported and discussed in this paper. This work completes our investigation in Central Sahara.

Interventions en groupe et interactions. Actes du 3eme colloque d'orthophonie/logopedie (Neuchatel, 29-30 septembre, 1994) (Group Interventions and Interactions. Proceedings of the Colloquium on Speech Therapy (3rd, Neuchatel, Switzerland, September 29-30, 1994).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Py, Bernard, Ed.

1995-01-01

Conference papers on group methods of speech therapy include: "Donnees nouvelles sur les competences du jeune enfant. Proposition de nouveaux concepts" (New Data on the Competences of the Young Child. Proposition of New Concepts) (Hubert Montagner); "Interactions sociales et apprentissages: quels savoirs en jeu" (Social Interactions and Teaching:…

Language, etayage et interactions therapeutiques: Actes du 5eme colloque d'orthophonie/logopedie (Language, Scaffolding and Therepeutic Interactions: Proceedings of the 5th Colloquium on Speech Therapy and Speech Pathology) (Neuchatel, Switzerland, September 25-26, 1998).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sovilla, J. Buttet, Ed.; de Weck, G., Ed.

1998-01-01

These articles on scaffolding in language and speech pathology/therapy are included in this issue: "Strategies d'etayage avec des enfants disphasiques: sont-elles specifiques?" ("Scaffolding Strategies for Dysphasic Children: Are They Specific?") (Genevieve de Weck); "Comparaison des strategies discursives d'etayage dans un conte et un recit…

An Examination of Motivational Regulations, Dispositional Flow and Social Physique Anxiety among College Students for Exercise: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ersöz, Gözde

2016-01-01

Based on self-determination theory (SDT), the main goal of this study is to analyze dispositional flow and social physique anxiety (SPA) that could be predicted by gender, BMI and motivational regulations and to examine motivational regulations, dispositional flow and SPA of college students in terms of stage of change for exercise. Participants…

Human Factors Aspects of Aircraft Accidents

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-01

preexistante (incapacite soudaine ou non en vo_l) La plus dangereuse (en particulier dans les phases decollage et atterrissage) est l’in- capacite... soudaine . Elle peut 6tre mortelle - dans ce caa, generalement eardiaque - ou sa traduire par des troubles psychiques - d’un developpement brutal et...done conduire a une lncapacite plus ou moins soudaine en vol. pefaillances physiques accidentelles Kors les defaillances physiques classiques

Examining the Stability of the 7-Item Social Physique Anxiety Scale Using a Test-Retest Method

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Lisa A.; Burke, Kevin L.; Joyner, A. Barry; Brand, Jennifer S.

2004-01-01

This study examined the stability of the 7-item Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS-7) using a test-retest method. Collegiate, undergraduate (N = 201) students completed two administrations of the SPAS-7, with a 14-day separation between the administrations. The scale was administered either at the beginning or end of the physical activity class.…

Free field theory as a string theory?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gopakumar, Rajesh

2004-11-01

An approach to systematically implement open-closed string duality for free large N gauge theories is summarised. We show how the relevant closed string moduli space emerges from a reorganisation of the Feynman diagrams contributing to free field correlators. We also indicate why the resulting integrand on moduli space has the right features to be that of a string theory on AdS. To cite this article: R. Gopakumar, C. R. Physique 5 (2004).

The Examination of the Correlation between Social Physique Anxiety Levels and Narcissism Levels of the Students Who Studied at the SPES

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gezer, Engin

2014-01-01

The aim of the study was to discover the correlation between social physique anxiety levels and narcissism levels of the students of the school of the physical education and sports. A total of 308 students who studied at different academic departments of the school of the physical education and sports of Mustafa Kemal University participated in…

Optimizing Operational Physical Fitness (Optimisation de L’Aptitude Physique Operationnelle)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANISATION RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION AC/323(HFM-080)TP/200 www.rto.nato.int RTO TECHNICAL REPORT TR... RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION AC/323(HFM-080)TP/200 www.rto.nato.int RTO TECHNICAL REPORT TR-HFM-080 Optimizing Operational Physical...Fitness (Optimisation de l’aptitude physique opérationnelle) Final Report of Task Group 019. ii RTO-TR-HFM-080 The Research and

What’s in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths

PubMed Central

Voracek, Martin; Rieder, Stephan; Stieger, Stefan; Swami, Viren

2015-01-01

Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith). Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980). Study 1 (N = 224) indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prototypically strength-related activities (professions, sports, hobbies) in a random sample of Smiths. The counterpart effect (higher aptitude for dexterity-related activities among Tailors) was directionally correct, but not significant, and Tailor-Smith differences in basic physique variables were nil. Study 2 examined two large total-population-of-interest datasets (Austria/Germany combined, and UK: N = 7001 and 20532) of men’s national high-score lists for track-and-field events requiring different physiques. In both datasets, proportions of Smiths significantly increased from light-stature over medium-stature to heavy-stature sports categories. The predicted counterpart effect (decreasing prevalences of Tailors along these categories) was not supported. Related prior findings, the viability of possible alternative interpretations of the evidence (differential positive selection for trades and occupations, differential endogamy and assortative mating patterns, implicit egotism effects), and directions for further inquiry are discussed in conclusion. PMID:26161803

Psychophysiological Tracking of a Female Physique Competitor through Competition Preparation

PubMed Central

ROHRIG, BRANDON J.; PETTITT, ROBERT W.; PETTITT, CHERIE D.; KANZENBACH, TODD L.

2017-01-01

Natural physique competitions are based on subjective judgments of how a competitor appears on show day. Prior to competition, there is a prolonged dieting phase referred to as contest preparation. The primary goal is to reduce body fat levels while maintaining skeletal muscle mass. The study tracked the physiological and psychological changes for a 24 year old female preparing for a physique competition. Purpose: The study was conducted to describe the physiological and psychological changes of a female physique competitor who engages in long-term contest preparation. Methods: Diet, body composition, blood work, energy expenditure, mood, and performance were evaluated through contest preparation. Results: The participant lost 10.1kg throughout contest preparation in a strong weekly linear pattern (R2=0.97). Body fat was reduced from 30.45% to 15.85% while fat free mass was maintained. Mood for the participant remained stable until month five, when an observed variation occurred, with performance maintaining. Conclusions: Contest preparation was successful in reducing the body fat in the participant while having a minimum effect on both performance and fat free mass. For athletes looking to lose large amounts of body fat with minimal performance decrements a prolonged diet period with moderate exercise and food restriction can be an effective solution. PMID:28344742

Psychophysiological Tracking of a Female Physique Competitor through Competition Preparation.

PubMed

Rohrig, Brandon J; Pettitt, Robert W; Pettitt, Cherie D; Kanzenbach, Todd L

2017-01-01

Natural physique competitions are based on subjective judgments of how a competitor appears on show day. Prior to competition, there is a prolonged dieting phase referred to as contest preparation. The primary goal is to reduce body fat levels while maintaining skeletal muscle mass. The study tracked the physiological and psychological changes for a 24 year old female preparing for a physique competition. The study was conducted to describe the physiological and psychological changes of a female physique competitor who engages in long-term contest preparation. Diet, body composition, blood work, energy expenditure, mood, and performance were evaluated through contest preparation. The participant lost 10.1kg throughout contest preparation in a strong weekly linear pattern (R 2 =0.97). Body fat was reduced from 30.45% to 15.85% while fat free mass was maintained. Mood for the participant remained stable until month five, when an observed variation occurred, with performance maintaining. Contest preparation was successful in reducing the body fat in the participant while having a minimum effect on both performance and fat free mass. For athletes looking to lose large amounts of body fat with minimal performance decrements a prolonged diet period with moderate exercise and food restriction can be an effective solution.

What's in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths.

PubMed

Voracek, Martin; Rieder, Stephan; Stieger, Stefan; Swami, Viren

2015-01-01

Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith). Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980). Study 1 (N = 224) indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prototypically strength-related activities (professions, sports, hobbies) in a random sample of Smiths. The counterpart effect (higher aptitude for dexterity-related activities among Tailors) was directionally correct, but not significant, and Tailor-Smith differences in basic physique variables were nil. Study 2 examined two large total-population-of-interest datasets (Austria/Germany combined, and UK: N = 7001 and 20,532) of men's national high-score lists for track-and-field events requiring different physiques. In both datasets, proportions of Smiths significantly increased from light-stature over medium-stature to heavy-stature sports categories. The predicted counterpart effect (decreasing prevalences of Tailors along these categories) was not supported. Related prior findings, the viability of possible alternative interpretations of the evidence (differential positive selection for trades and occupations, differential endogamy and assortative mating patterns, implicit egotism effects), and directions for further inquiry are discussed in conclusion.

Relaxation plastique d'un film mince par émission de dislocations filantes vis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bonnet, Roland; Youssef, Sami; Neily, Salem; Gutakowskii, A. K.

2008-03-01

The system formed by a thin film coherent with a crystalline substrate can relax its internal energy by annealing. Threading dislocations emitted after ten minutes annealing at 350 °C of the Si 0.68Ge 0.32/Si(001) heterostructure are observed in transmission electron microscopy, and then identified by comparison to simulated images of angular dislocations placed in a semi infinite medium. They are of screw character, which explains the rapid coverage of the interface by 60° dislocations oriented <110>. To cite this article: R. Bonnet et al., C. R. Physique 9 (2008).

International Conference on Fixed Point Theory and Applications (Colloque International Theorie Du Point Fixe et Applications)

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-09

Theorem and the Perron - Frobenius Theorem in matrix theory. We use the Hahn-Banach theorem and do not use any fixed-point related concepts. 179 A...games defined b’, tions 87 Isac G. Fixed point theorems on convex cones , generalized pseudo-contractive mappings and the omplementarity problem 89...and (II), af(x) ° denotes the negative polar cone ot of(x). This condition are respectively called "inward" and "outward". Indeed, when X is convex

2-Extendability in Two Classes of Claw-Free Graphs

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

extendability of planar graphs, Discrete Math ., 96, 1991, 81-99. [Lai M. Las Verguas, A note on matchings in graphs, Colloque sur la Thiorie des Graphes...43, 1987, 187-222. [LP L. Loviss and M.D. Plummet, Matching Theory, Ann. Discrete Math . 29, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1986. [P11 M.D. Plummer, On n...extendable graphs, Discrete Math . 31, 1960, 201-210. [P21 Extending matchinp in planar graphs IV, Proc. of the Conference in honor of Cert Sabidussi, Ann

Discours oraux--discours ecrits: quelles relations? Actes du 4eme colloque d'orthophoine/logopedie (Neuchatel, 3-4 octobre, 1996) (Oral Discourse--Written Discourse: What Is the Relationship? Proceedings of the Colloquium on Speech Therapy (4th, Neuchatel, Switzerland, October 3-4, 1996).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Py, Bernard, Ed.

1996-01-01

Research papers on the relationship between oral and written language include: "Une distinction bien fragile: oral/ecrit" ("A Fragile Distinction: Oral/Written") (Francoise Gadet); "Oral et ecrit dans les representations des enseignants et dans les pratiques quotidiennes de la classe de francais" ("Oral and Written Language in Teachers'…

Second Colloquim on the Scattering of Ultrasonic Waves (Deuxieme Colloque sur la Diffusion des Ondes Ultrasonores).

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-29

France. I specially hope that out of our studies on resonances, and of the related experiments, new methods and applications will be developed in the...say so, such an echo in France. I specially hope that out of our studies on resonances, and of the related experiments, new methods and applications...length, due to the non-separability of this problem, results for the eigenfrequencies can nevertheless be obtained here by the use of special methods

Actes du colloque sur la didactique des langues aujourdi'hui: Pratiques et realite. (29 Sept./1 Oct. 1983) [Proceedings of a Colloquium on the Teaching of Modern Languages Today: Practice and Reality. (September 29-October 1, 1983)].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Travaux Neuchatelois de Linguistique (TRANEL), 1984

1984-01-01

The eight papers in this collection include: "Un enseignant de langues a la recherche de la pierre philosophale" (A Language Teacher in Search of the Philosopher's Stone); "Apprentissage autodirige: Compte rendu d'experience 1978-83" (Self-Directed Learning: Report of Experience 1978-83); "Teaching Without a Language Syllabus But With a Linguistic…

Anthropometric Profiles of Elite Open-Water Swimmers.

PubMed

Shaw, Gregory; Mujika, Iñigo

2018-01-01

Reports detailing the physiques of open-water (OW) swimmers are limited. Data from anthropometric screening around competition provides a unique opportunity to describe the current physical attributes of elite OW swimmers peaking for international competition. Anthropometric screening was undertaken on a group of Australian and French OW swimmers as part of performance monitoring within 2 wk of the 2015 FINA World Championships. Height, mass, and sum of 7 skinfolds were measured using ISAK standardized measurement techniques by 2 trained anthropometrists. Data were collated and compared with previously published data on OW and pool swimmers. French swimmers had lower skinfolds (57.3 ± 6.1 vs 80.5 ± 21.3 mm, P = .0258), were lighter (64.7 ± 10.8 vs 74.6 ± 11.8 kg, P = .013), and had lower lean-mass index (LMI) (34.7 ± 7.3 vs 38.2 ± 8.8, P = .035) than Australian swimmers. Male and female OW swimmers had skinfolds similar to their contemporary OW swimmers but were lower than earlier reports of OW swimmers; however, they were higher than those of pool swimmers. Male and female OW swimmers had 9% and 6% lower LMI, respectively, than pool swimmers. Lower body mass and LMI were correlated with better World Championships finishing positions (R 2  = .46, P = .0151, and R 2  = .45, P = .0177, respectively). These data are a unique report of elite OW swimmers' physiques around international competition and demonstrate a potential morphological optimization in OW swimmers that warrants further investigation in larger populations.

High-Lift System Aerodynamics (L’Aerodynamique des Systems Hypersustentateurs)

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-09-01

les kcouleinents incoinpressibles sur les profils L -a pr~sente m~thode num~rique montre que la simulation multi-corps, qui est un...de l ’&oulement du d𔄀chelle de discrdtisation, d’origine physique, introduit des m~me ordre que l ’~paisseur des couches limites sur le point de...hypersustentateurs. Enfin, les consequences des exigences de furtivite sur la forme des aeronefs - c’est it dire la creation de configurations telles que

Characteristics of muscle dysmorphia in male football, weight training, and competitive natural and non-natural bodybuilding samples.

PubMed

Baghurst, Timothy; Lirgg, Cathy

2009-06-01

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in traits associated with muscle dysmorphia between collegiate football players (n=66), weight trainers for physique (n=115), competitive non-natural bodybuilders (n=47), and competitive natural bodybuilders (n=65). All participants completed demographic questionnaires in addition to the Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (Rhea, Lantz, & Cornelius, 2004). Results revealed a significant main effect for group, and post hoc tests found that the non-natural bodybuilding group did not score significantly higher than the natural bodybuilding group on any subscale except for Pharmacological Use. Both the non-natural and natural bodybuilding groups scored significantly higher than those that weight trained for physique on the Dietary Behavior and Supplement Use subscales. The collegiate football players scored lowest on all subscales of the Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory except for Physique Protection where they scored highest. Findings are discussed with future research expounded.

The influence of social anxiety on the body checking behaviors of female college students.

PubMed

White, Emily K; Warren, Cortney S

2014-09-01

Social anxiety and eating pathology frequently co-occur. However, there is limited research examining the relationship between anxiety and body checking, aside from one study in which social physique anxiety partially mediated the relationship between body checking cognitions and body checking behavior (Haase, Mountford, & Waller, 2007). In an independent sample of 567 college women, we tested the fit of Haase and colleagues' foundational model but did not find evidence of mediation. Thus we tested the fit of an expanded path model that included eating pathology and clinical impairment. In the best-fitting path model (CFI=.991; RMSEA=.083) eating pathology and social physique anxiety positively predicted body checking, and body checking positively predicted clinical impairment. Therefore, women who endorse social physique anxiety may be more likely to engage in body checking behaviors and experience impaired psychosocial functioning. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

The Relationship of Gender and Self-Efficacy on Social Physique Anxiety among College Students.

PubMed

Rothberger, Sara M; Harris, Brandonn S; Czech, Daniel R; Melton, Bridget

The anxiety or fear associated with physique evaluation is defined as Social Physique Anxiety (SPA). Numerous studies have examined this construct, yet a gap exists exploring this phenomenon among current college students with SPA, self-efficacy, and gender concurrently. Therefore, the purposes of this study included quantitatively analyzing the association between SPA, gender, and self-efficacy. Participants included 237 students at a Southeastern university participating in jogging, body conditioning, or weight training courses. Analysis of Variance yielded a significant main effect for self-efficacy as well, as those with lower self-efficacy displayed higher levels of SPA ( p < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis indicated self-efficacy and gender were both significant predictors of SPA. This information could aid in creating interventions designed to decrease the prevalence of SPA and increase levels of self-efficacy among the current college student population.

Effects of Stencil Width on Surface Ocean Geostrophic Velocity and Vorticity Estimation from Gridded Satellite Altimeter Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-17

Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA. g dq ’Departement de Physique and LPO, Universite de Bretagne V _ /" r5r’ Occidental, Brest ...grid points are used in the calculation, so that the grid spacing is 8 times larger than on the original grid. The 3-point stencil differences are sig...that the difference between narrow and wide stencil estimates increases over that found on the original higher resolution grid. Interpolation of the

Women's anxiety about social and exercise settings.

PubMed

Walton, Vicki R; Finkenberg, Mel E

2002-04-01

This study involved a comparison of social physique anxiety, assessed through the application of a modified version of the Social Physique Anxiety Scale, with 28 women who were new members exercising at all-female facilities compared to 43 new female members exercising at coeducational facilities. Analyses indicated there were no significant differences in means between the groups. The scores of women attending all-female facilities were significantly more influenced by the sex of members when choosing a facility.

Estimates of Surface Drifter Trajectories in the Equatorial Atlantic: A Multi-model Ensemble Approach

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Physique des Oceans UMR6523 (CNRS. I B(). IFREMER. IRD). Brest , France C. N. Barron E. Joseph Metzger Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space...AF447 flight from Rio to Paris . The airplane disappeared on June 1st 2009 near 3° N and 31° W, and a large international effort was organized to...to Runge-Kutta trajectory integration. The low- pass filter was accomplished by convolving the original (XiCM velocity fields at each time step and

Études RMN haute résolution et RPE des composés Ba 3C 60 et Ba 6C 60

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rezzouk, Abdellah; Dafir, Driss; Errammach, Youssef; Rachdi, Férid

2003-07-01

We report the results of 13C MAS NMR and EPR measurements on Ba 3C 60 and Ba 6C 60 fullerides. Using high resolution NMR, we were able to identify an isotropic line around 156 ppm for Ba 3C 60 and a broad isotropic one with three components at 132, 134.6, 139.9 ppm for Ba 6C 60 compound. The latter line is consistent with orientationally ordered C 60 molecules leading to three unequivalent carbon sites in agreement with X-ray studies. A strong diamagnetic shift was observed for the NMR line of Ba 6C 60 that is interpreted in terms of transition moment in an indirect gap system. EPR results confirm the insulating nature of both studied compounds. To cite this article: A. Rezzouk et al., C. R. Physique 4 (2003).

Influence of players' physique on rugby football injuries.

PubMed Central

Lee, A J; Myers, J L; Garraway, W M

1997-01-01

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is an association between a player's physique and injuries incurred while playing rugby football. METHODS: A cohort study was carried out involving all senior rugby clubs in the Scottish Borders during the 1993-1994 rugby season. Somatotype estimates were determined for 1152 (95%) of the 1216 eligible players. Body mass index (BMI), chest to waist ratio, and the ponderal index (PI) were used to classify players' physique as endomorphic (obese), mesomorphic (muscular), and ectomorphic (linear). RESULTS: A strong association was found between physique and age (chi 2 test: chi 2 = 317.2, df = 10, P < 0.0001). More younger players were ectomorphs. Older players were more often endomorphic. The physiques of forwards and backs were significantly different (chi 2 test: chi 2 = 58.6, df = 2, P < 0.0001), with forwards being of a heavier build than three-quarters, even after adjustment for age. Endomorphic players were more likely than ectomorphs to be injured in a match after adjustment for age (age-adjusted mean BMI for players who were injured in a match was 25.4 compared with 24.6 for players who were not injured in a match, P < 0.0001; adjusted chest to waist ratio means were 1.136 and 1.125 respectively, P = 0.0307; adjusted PI means were 0.414 and 0.417 respectively, P = 0.0056). Increased risk of injury may occur when players play out of position, since one fifth of all injuries occurred in this circumstance. CONCLUSIONS: Further research needs to be conducted using a more objective method of measuring somatotype on a further cohort of players so that the risk of injury for different body types can be examined more closely and related to other potential confounding factors. The level of increased risk for individuals playing out of their usual playing position needs to be established with a greater degree of certainty. PMID:9192128

Analysis of time dependent phenomena observed with the LPSP OSO-8 instrument

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leibacher, J. W.

1979-01-01

The dynamics of the solar photosphere and chromosphere are studied. Observations obtained by the Laboratorie de Physique Stellaire et Planetaire's (LPSP) ultraviolet spectrometer onboard the OSO-8 spacecraft are analyzed, and dynamic models of the chromosphere and the emitted resonance line spectrum are calculated. Some of the unpublished data analysis and theoretical modeling which are being prepared for publication are discussed. A discussion of the state of the theory of velocity fields in the solar atmosphere is also presented. An invited review presented at the OSO-8 Workshop on the topic of oscillatory motions in the quiet sun is included. The results of the OSO-8 data analysis prepared in close collaboration with LPSP scientists are presented. Material for two articles is also presented.

Canadian Journal of Physics. Volume 69, Number 2 (Revue Canadienne de Physique. Volume 69, Numero 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-02-01

4KNational Research Conseil national Council Canada de recherches Canada SMC CtRC Canadian Journal Revue canadienne of Physics de physique Volume 69...Number 2, February 1991 Volume 69, num~ro 2, W~rier 1991 AD-A235 711 Aviliable for $36.00 from National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ont...Publid par THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA LE CONSEIL NATIONAL DE RECHERCHES DU CANADA Editor R. W. NICHOLLS Directeur scientifique Editorial

Modeling the human body shape in bioimpedance vector measurements.

PubMed

Kim, Chul-Hyun; Park, Jae-Hyeon; Kim, Hyeoijin; Chung, Sochung; Park, Seung-Hun

2010-01-01

Human body shape, called somatotype, has described physique of humans in health and sports applications, relating anthropometric measurements to fatness, muscularity and linearity in a structured way. Here we propose a new method based on bioelectric impedance vector analysis (BIVA) of R/H and Xc/H to represent the cross-sectional area and the body cell mass in a given surface area (m(2)) respectively. Data from six gymnasts, ten dancers, and five fashion models, groups whose physiques and BMI ranges were distinct from one another, were measured for somatotype and BIVA. The models had highest values of the R/H and gymnasts the lowest. Xc/H was lower in models than in the dancers and gymnasts (p < 0.05). Phase angle was lowest in the models and highest in gymnasts significantly (p < 0.05). Pattern analysis from BIVA corresponded to the calculated anthropometric somatotype supporting the hypothesis that BIA's resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) are meaningful discriminates of body size and function which relate to physique in a purposive way.

Psychometric properties of the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS-7) in Spanish adolescents.

PubMed

Sáenz-Alvarez, Piedad; Sicilia, Álvaro; González-Cutre, David; Ferriz, Roberto

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to validate the Spanish version of Motl and Conroy's model of the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS-7). To achieve this goal, a sample of 398 secondary school students was used, and the psychometric properties of the SPAS-7 were examined through different analyses. The results supported the seven-item model, although the item 5 did not show any significant correlation with two items from this model and had a lower factor loading than the rest of items. The structure of the model was invariant across gender and Body Mass Index (BMI). Alpha value over .70 and suitable levels of temporal stability were obtained. Girls and students classified according to the BMI as overweight and obese had higher scores in social physique anxiety than boys and the group classified as underweight and normal range. The findings of this study provided reliability and validity for the SPAS-7 in a Spanish adolescent sample.

Observations of chromospheric lines from OSO-8

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grossmann-Doerth, U.; Kneer, F.; Uexkuell, M.; Artzner, G. E.; Vial, J. C.

1980-01-01

Results of OSO-8 measurements of the line profiles of the solar Lyman alpha, Ca II K and Mg II k lines are presented. Observations were obtained with the Laboratoire de Physique Stellaire et Planetaire spectrometer at spectral resolutions of 0.25 and 0.060 A for Lyman alpha and 0.025 A for the Mg II and Ca II lines. The Lyman alpha profiles are found to be highly variable according to spatial position with the intensities of the three lines well correlated, and confirm previous observations of the quiet solar chromosphere. Data suggest that the quiet chromosphere is a dynamical phenomenon whose description in terms of a static model atmosphere is only qualitatively valid at best.

Dermatoglyphic characters and physique: a correlation study.

PubMed

Rothhammer, F; Llop, E; Neel, J V

1982-01-01

The association of anthropometrics, particularly hand measurements, with dermatoglyphic characters is quantified. Children with square hands exhibit higher main line indices, a-b ridge counts, and more open atd angles. Adults with broader hands have more arches. Taller individuals with larger hands present higher a-b ridge counts and leaner subjects with long narrow hands, closer atd angles. The correlation of physique and dermatoglyphics is small but if verified, suggests that at early fetal stages, factors responsible for the establishment of dermatoglyphic patterns interact with genetic determinants of adult shape that are already active.

Soins primaires aux adultes ayant une déficience développementale

PubMed Central

Sullivan, William F.; Berg, Joseph M.; Bradley, Elspeth; Cheetham, Tom; Denton, Richard; Heng, John; Hennen, Brian; Joyce, David; Kelly, Maureen; Korossy, Marika; Lunsky, Yona; McMillan, Shirley

2011-01-01

Résumé Objectif Mettre à jour les lignes directrices canadiennes de 2006 sur les soins primaires aux adultes ayant une déficience développementale (DD) et présenter des recommandations pratiques fondées sur les connaissances actuelles pour traiter des problèmes de santé particuliers chez des adultes ayant une DD. Qualité des preuves Des professionnels de la santé expérimentés participant à un colloque et un groupe de travail subséquent ont discuté et convenu des révisions aux lignes directrices de 2006 en se fondant sur une recherche documentaire exhaustive, la rétroaction obtenue des utilisateurs du guide de pratique et les expériences cliniques personnelles. La plupart des preuves disponibles dans ce domaine viennent de l’opinion d’experts ou de déclarations consensuelles publiées (niveau III). Message principal Les adultes ayant une DD ont des problèmes de santé complexes, dont plusieurs diffèrent de ceux de la population en général. De bons soins primaires permettent d’identifier les problèmes de santé particuliers dont souffrent les adultes ayant une DD pour améliorer leur qualité de vie et leur accès aux soins de santé et prévenir la morbidité et le décès prématuré. Ces lignes directrices résument les problèmes de santé générale, physique, comportementale et mentale des adultes ayant une DD que devraient connaître les professionnels des soins primaires et présentent des recommandations pour le dépistage et la prise en charge en se basant sur les connaissances actuelles que les cliniciens peuvent mettre en pratique. En raison de l’interaction des facteurs biologiques, psychoaffectifs et sociaux qui contribuent à la santé et au bien-être des adultes ayant une DD, ces lignes directrices insistent sur la participation des aidants, l’adaptation des interventions, au besoin, et la consultation auprès de divers professionnels de la santé quand ils sont accessibles. Elles mettent aussi en évidence la nature éthique des soins. Les lignes directrices sont formulées dans le contexte d’un cadre éthique qui tient compte des questions comme le consentement éclairé et l’évaluation des bienfaits pour la santé par rapport aux risques de préjudice. Conclusion La mise en œuvre des lignes directrices proposées ici améliorerait la santé des adultes ayant une DD et minimiserait les disparités sur les plans de la santé et des soins de santé entre les adultes ayant une DD et la population en général.

Physique and Body Composition in Soccer Players across Adolescence

PubMed Central

Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros; Vassilios Karydis, Nikos

2011-01-01

Purpose Although the contribution of physique and body composition in soccer performance was recognized, these parameters of physical fitness were not well-studied in adolescent players. Aim of this study was to investigate physique and body composition across adolescence. Methods Male adolescents (N=297 aged 12.01–20.98 y), classified into nine one-year age-groups, child (control group, N=16 aged 7.34–11.97 y) and adult players (control group, N=29 aged 21.01–31.59 y), all members of competitive soccer clubs, performed a series of anthropometric measures (body mass, height, skinfolds, circumferences and girths), from which body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (BF%), fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM) and somatotype (Heath-Carter method) were calculated. Results Age had a positive association with FM (r=0.2, P<0.001) and FFM (r=0.68, P<0.001), and a negative association with BF (r=−0.12, P=0.047). Somatotype components changed across adolescence as well; age was linked to endomorphy (r=−0.17, P=0.005), mesomorphy (r=0.14, P=0.019) and ectomorphy (r=−0.17, P=0.004). Compared with age-matched general population, participants exhibited equal body mass, higher stature, lower body mass index and lower BF. Conclusion During adolescence, soccer players presented significant differences in terms of body composition and physique. Thus, these findings could be employed by coaches and fitness trainers engaged in soccer training in the context of physical fitness assessment and talent identification. PMID:22375222

Notional Syllabuses: Theory into Practice. L'enseignement de la competence de communication en langues secondes. Actes du colloque de la Commission interuniversitaire suisse de linguistique appliquee. Bulletin CILA (The Teaching of Communicative Competence in Second Languages. Acts of the Colloquium of the Swiss Interuniversity Commission for Applied Linguistics. CILA Bulletin).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkins, David

This paper discusses the theory and practice of the notional syllabus, three specific problems arising from it, and an experimental course proposed as one way of implementing it. Basically, a notional syllabus aims to organize language teaching in terms of the purposes of communication. Its foundation is a system of notional categories and the…

Club of Rome

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2006-04-18

Le Club de Rome s'est fait connaître du grand public par la publication du premier ouvrage "Halte à la croissance" qui a fait l'object d'un débat, il y a 2 ans. Le Prof. Tinbergen a commencé par s'adonner à la physique, il est docteur en physique et très tôt il s'est tourné vers les problèmes sociaux économiques. Il est expert auprès des nombreux gouvernements et organisations internationales et il a vu ses travaux couronnés par le prix Nobel en 1969.

Etude theorique des fluctuations structurales dans les composes organiques a dimensionnalite reduite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dumoulin, Benoit

Les systemes a dimensionnalite reduite constituent maintenant une branche entiere de la physique de la matiere condensee. Cette derniere s'est developpee rapidement au cours des dernieres annees, avec la decouverte des materiaux organiques qui presentent, justement, des proprietes physiques fortement anisotropes. Cette these presente une etude en trois parties de plusieurs composes organiques qui, bien que tres differents du point de vue de leurs compositions chimiques et de leurs proprietes physiques a haute temperature, subissent tous une instabilite structurale a tres basse temperature. De plus, dans chacun des cas, l'instabilite structurale est precedee d'un important regime fluctuatif a partir duquel les proprietes physiques changent de maniere significative. Notre etude suit un ordre chronologique inverse puisque nous nous attardons en premier lieu au cas de composes recemment decouverts: les composes de la famille des (BCPTTF)2X (X = PF6 , AsF6). Ces derniers sont des isolants magnetiques a la temperature ambiante et subissent une instabilite structurale de type spin-Peierls a une temperature appelee TSP. En particulier, nous nous interessons a l'etude des proprietes physiques de ces systemes dans le regime fluctuatif, qui precede cette instabilite. Notre etude theorique nous permet de comprendre en detail comment ces systemes s'approchent de l'instabilite struturale. Dans la seconde partie de cette these, nous etudions le regime fluctuatif (pre-transitionnel) observe experimentalement dans le compose de (TMTTF)2PF6. Ce compose organique, dont la structure s'apparente aux sels de Bechgaard, subit une instabilite de type spin-Peierls a une temperature T SP = 19K. Bien que ce compose possede la particularite d'etre un bon conducteur a la temperature ambiante, il subit une transition de type Mott-Hubbard a une temperature Trho ≈ 220K et devient alors un isolant magnetique, analogue aux composes de la famille des (BCPTTF)2X. Le regime fluctuatif precedant l'instabilite spin-Peierls apparait ensuite vers 60K. Notre etude theorique montre qu'un modele d'electrons en interaction de type "g-ologie" avec possibilite de processus umklapp permet de bien rendre compte des proprietes physiques de ce systeme. Finalement, la troisieme partie de cette these porte sur l'etude des premiers composes organiques quasi-unidimensionnels a avoir ete synthetises: les composes de la famille du TTF-TCNQ. Notre etude theorique des instabilites structurales que presentent ces composes n'est evidemment pas la premiere. L'originalite de cette derniere est qu'elle tient compte des fortes interactions entre les electrons, presentent dans ces composes. Pour tenir compte de telles interactions, nous avons choisi la formulation "liquide de Luttinger" qui nous permet de mieux traiter ce regimne dit de couplage fort.

Optical performance of the New Worlds Occulter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arenberg, Jonathan W.; Lo, Amy S.; Glassman, Tiffany M.; Cash, Webster

2007-04-01

The New Worlds Observer (NWO) is a multiple spacecraft mission that is capable of detecting and characterizing extra-solar planets and planetary systems. NWO consists of an external occulter and a generic space telescope, flying in tandem. The external occulter has specific requirements on its shape and size, while the telescope needs no special modification beyond that required to do high-quality astrophysical observations. The occulter is a petal-shaped, opaque screen that creates a high-suppression shadow large enough to accommodate the telescope. This article reports on the optical performance of the novel New Worlds occulter design. It also introduces two new aspects of its optical performance which enhance the detectability of extra-solar planets. We also include a brief discussion of the buildability and the tolerances of the occulter. It is also shown that an occulter design can be found for any set of science requirements. We show that NWO is a viable mission concept for the study of extra-solar planets. To cite this article: J.W. Arenberg et al., C. R. Physique 8 (2007).

A qualitative examination of women's self-presentation and social physique anxiety during injury rehabilitation.

PubMed

Driediger, Molly V; McKay, Carly D; Hall, Craig R; Echlin, Paul S

2016-12-01

To understand women's self-presentation experiences in the rehabilitation setting, and their attitudes and preferences toward the social and physical features of the rehabilitation environment. Qualitative study. Outpatient physiotherapy clinic. Ten women (age 18 to 64) with high social physique anxiety (Social Physique Anxiety Scale score ≥25) referred for physiotherapy following acute injury. Semi-structured interviews were conducted prior to commencement of treatment, and again after a third treatment session. Participants experienced extensive self-presentational concerns that were intensified due to the nature of the physiotherapy environment. The women reported that their self-presentational anxiety did not diminish over time, and was related to others' negative perceptions regarding their physical appearance and inability to perform exercises as well as expected. The presence of men or younger women in the clinic was identified as a barrier to appointment attendance, along with open concept clinic settings, which were associated with the most potential for evaluation. Mirrors and windows in the physiotherapy clinic were highlighted as anxiety provoking. The women suggested that they would feel apprehensive about advocating for themselves if they felt uncomfortable with the area in which they were receiving treatment, and instead used avoidance coping strategies (e.g., hiding behind equipment, preventing eye contact) to manage their anxiety. Physique-anxious women experience extensive self-presentational concerns in the rehabilitation environment, which could affect treatment adherence. Modifying the treatment setting, providing protective self-presentational strategies such as positive self-talk, and open patient-therapist communication could be implemented to help mitigate these concerns. Copyright © 2015 Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Shin Clearance in the Hawk Mk115

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

represented by the Minister of National Defence, 2008 © Sa Majesté la Reine (en droit du Canada), telle que représentée par le ministre de la Défense... de sélection anthropométrique pour les pilotes. La nouvelle norme base l’acceptation ou le rejet des candidats selon qu’ils sont physiquement...compatibles avec les postes de pilotage de la flotte; la norme précédente n’était pas aussi spécifique. En conséquence, la compatibilité des élèves pilotes

The protective role of general self-determination against 'thin ideal' media exposure on women's body image and eating-related concerns.

PubMed

Mask, Lisa; Blanchard, Céline M

2011-04-01

Women's responses to 'thin ideal' media pending their level of general self-determination (GSD) were examined. High and low GSD women (N = 99) viewed a 'thin physique salient' (TPS) video or a 'thin physique non-salient' (TPNS) video. Following exposure to the TPS video, perceptions of pressure from the media to be thin, body dissatisfaction, and concerns over quantity of food were greater for low but not high GSD women. However, high GSD women reported greater concerns over the quality of food they eat following exposure to the TPNS video. Prevention efforts aimed at enhancing GSD are discussed.

Club of Rome

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Le Club de Rome s'est fait connaître du grand public par la publication du premier ouvrage "Halte à la croissance" qui a fait l'object d'un débat, il y a 2 ans. Le Prof. Tinbergen a commencé par s'adonner à la physique, il est docteur en physique et très tôt il s'est tourné vers les problèmes sociaux économiques. Il est expert auprès des nombreux gouvernements et organisations internationales et il a vu ses travaux couronnés par le prix Nobel en 1969.

Mesure de coefficients d'absorption de plasmas créés par laser nanoseconde

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thais, F.; Chenais-Popovics, C.; Eidmann, K.; Bastiani, S.; Blenski, T.; Gilleron, F.

2005-06-01

La mesure des coefficients d'absorption dans les plasmas chauds est particulièrement utile dans le domaine de la fusion par confinement inertiel ainsi que dans divers contextes en astrophysique. Le développement des calculs de physique atomique qui y sont associés repose sur des hypothèses qu'il est nécessaire de vérifier dans la plus large gamme possible de conditions physiques. Nous présentons ici la méthode de mesure et d'analyse employée en nous appuyant sur l'exemple des cibles multicouches nickel/aluminium.

Role of Physique on Probability of Injury to the Low Back

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shaibani, Saami J.

2009-03-01

In a related study of the response of the upper and lower cervical spine[1], there was some correlation between a change in physique and the potential for injury to the neck during automotive events. A similar undertaking in this research on the lumbar spine and sacral spine revealed a much more marked effect, namely an increase in injury potential to the low back when weight is increased. Although there were some exceptions to this, the overall trend was distinct. This is perhaps to be expected when one considers that most additional weight at the same height tends to be located in the center or lower torso. However, it is first time in any comparable analysis of injury causation that there has been a more noticeable pattern for the low back than the neck. The latter was more pronounced with environment geometry, as seen when the height of the seat back was varied. Such changeability again reinforces previous findings that injury outcomes for individual patients cannot always be predicted by what happens in general. 1. http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2007.MAR.K1.2 (Role of physique on probability of injury to the neck).

The Social Physique Anxiety Scale: an example of the potential consequence of negatively worded items in factorial validity studies.

PubMed

Motl, R W; Conroy, D E; Horan, P M

2000-01-01

Social physique anxiety (SPA) based on Hart, Leary, and Rejeski's (1989) Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS) was originally conceptualized to be a unidimensional construct. Empirical evidence on the factorial validity of the SPAS has been contradictory, yielding both one- and two-factor models. The two-factor model, which consists of separate factors associated with positively and negatively worded items, has stimulated an ongoing debate about the dimensionality and content of the SPAS. The present study employed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine whether the two-factor solution to the 12-item SPAS was substantively meaningful or a methodological artifact. Results of the CFAs, which were performed on responses from four different samples (Eklund, Kelley, and Wilson, 1997; Eklund, Mack, and Hart, 1996), supported the existence of a single substantive SPA factor underlying responses to the 12-item SPAS. There were, in addition, method effects associated with the negatively worded items that could be modeled to achieve good fit. Therefore, it was concluded that a single substantive factor and a non-substantive method effect primarily related to the negatively worded items best represented the 12-item SPAS.

Fibrillation auriculaire et activité physique

PubMed Central

Bosomworth, N. John

2015-01-01

Résumé Objectif Examiner les données probantes portant sur les effets de divers niveaux d’activité physique sur l’incidence de fibrillation auriculaire (FA) dans la population générale et chez les athlètes d’endurance. Sources des données Une recherche a initialement été menée sur PubMed à l’aide des titres MeSH ou des mots-de-texte anglais (avec descripteur de zone de recherche TIAB [title and abstract]) atrial fibrillation et exercise ou physical activity ou athlet* ou sport*, sans filtre additionnel. Le système GRADE (grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation) a été utilisé pour tirer les conclusions au sujet de la qualité et du niveau de preuve. Sélection des études Aucune étude d’intervention n’est ressortie de la recherche. Les études d’observation ont alors été jugées acceptables et, bien que des études prospectives de cohortes à long terme de plus grande envergure auraient été préférables, des essais cas-témoins ou transversaux ont aussi été inclus dans cette révision. Synthèse Les données disponibles laissent croire à un lien proportionnel à la dose entre l’exercice plus intense et l’incidence réduite de FA chez les femmes. Il en va de même pour les hommes dont le niveau d’activité physique est de faible à modéré. Chez les hommes seulement, l’activité intense est associée à un risque accru de FA et ce, dans la plupart des études, mais pas la totalité d’entre elles. Ce risque est modéré, le rapport de risque instantané étant de 1,29 dans l’une des études de meilleure qualité. Le risque de FA chez la plupart des personnes régulièrement actives est plus faible que le risque observé dans la population sédentaire appariée. Conclusion La fibrillation auriculaire est probablement moins fréquente à mesure que le niveau d’activité physique augmente, la relation dose-réponse étant démontrable. À toutes les intensités, l’exercice doit être encouragé pour ses effets sur le bien-être physique et la réduction de la mortalité. Chez les hommes qui pratiquent des activités vigoureuses, les effets bénéfiques sur la FA pourraient disparaître et le risque pourrait surpasser celui observé dans la population sédentaire; cependant les données probantes à cet effet ne sont ni robustes ni constantes. Ces hommes devraient être mis au courant de cette hausse modeste du risque s’ils choisissent de poursuivre leurs activités physiques vigoureuses.

The experimental violation of Bell's inequality [as predicted by quantum mechanics]: A contribution to the study of its meaning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hespel, Bertrand

Au vu des expériences déjà réalisées, il est permis de penser que la violation de l'inégalité de Bell conformément aux prédictions de la mécanique quantique sera bientôt un fait établi. D'après les lectures qui en ont été le plus souvent données, en raison de la non- localité qu'il met en évidence et de l'incompatibilité qu'il y aurait entre cette propriété et celle de localité postulée par la relativité, ce fait annihilerait inéluctablement l'espoir qui animait le fondateur de la physique moderne et bon nombre de ses successeurs: à moins d'accepter d'abandonner l'exigence d'exactitude, nous devrions définitivement nous résoudre à admettre que nous ne pourrons jamais fournir du monde qu'une image incomplète. L'histoire de la philosophie suggère une toute autre interprétation. Lorsqu'on reconstitue les tentatives oubliées menées par Spinoza, Malebranche et Leibniz, pour bâtir, comme Newton, à la suite de Descartes, un Monde tout à la fois exact et complet, ce fait apparaît plutôt comme la preuve empirique que le monde est tout à la fois local et inséparable-phénoménalement local mais fondamentalement inséparable-et qu'une image adéquate ne pourra donc en être donnée qu'à la condition de reconnaître qu'il ne se réduit pas au contenu de l'espace-temps, c'est-à-dire que ce monde qui est l'objet de la physique n'est pas le tout du monde et qu'il convient de prolonger cette science, désormais quantique et relativiste, par une méta-physique.

Violences conjugales à Antananarivo (Madagascar): un enjeu de santé publique

PubMed Central

Gastineau, Bénédicte; Gathier, Lucy

2012-01-01

Introduction La violence conjugale a été étudiée dans beaucoup de pays développés mais peu en Afrique subsaharienne. Madagascar est un pays où ce phénomène est peu documenté. Méthodes En 2007, une enquête sur la violence conjugale à Antananarivo (ELVICA) a été menée sur la violence conjugale envers les femmes dans la capitale malgache. ELVICA a interrogé 400 femmes en union, de 15 à 59 ans. Des informations sur les caractéristiques démographiques, socioéconomiques des couples ont été collectées ainsi que sur les actes de violences physiques des hommes sur leurs épouses. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les facteurs de risques de la violence conjugale grave, celle qui a des conséquences sur la santé physique des femmes. Résultats Trente-cinq pour cent des femmes qui ont déclaré avoir subi au moins une forme de violence physique au cours des 12 mois précédent l’enquête. Presque la moitié (46%) des femmes violentées ont déclaré avoir déjà eu des hématomes, et environ un quart (23%) des plaies avec saignement. Vingt-deux pour cent ont déjà dû consulter un médecin. Parmi les nombreuses variables socioéconomiques et démographiques testées, quelques-unes sont associées positivement au risque de violence conjugale grave: le fait pour une femme d’être en union consensuelle et d’avoir une activité professionnelle. Il y aussi un lien entre la violence subie et l’autonomie des femmes (liberté accordée par le mari de travailler, de circuler, de voir sa famille). Conclusion A Madagascar, comme ailleurs, la lutte contre les violences conjugales est un élément majeur de l’amélioration du statut et de la santé des femmes. PMID:22514757

Effects of elevated core temperature and normoxic 30% nitrous oxide on human ventilation during short duration, high intensity exercise.

PubMed

Yogev, A; Hall, A M; Jay, O; White, M D

2015-01-15

It was hypothesized that normoxic 30% nitrous oxide (N2O) would suppress and hyperthermia would increase exercise ventilation during short duration, high intensity exercise. Thirteen males (24.2±0.8y; mean±SE), of normal physique (BMI, 23.8±1.0kgm(-2)), performed 4 separate 30s Wingate tests on a cycle ergometer. Exercise ventilation and its components, as well as mean skin and esophageal temperature (TES), were assessed in 2 way experimental design with factors of Thermal State (Normothermia or Hyperthermia) and Gas Type (Air or 30% Normomoxic N2O). In the 2 hyperthermic tests TES was elevated to ∼38.5°C in a 40°C bath. The main results indicated a significant interaction (F=7.14, P=0.02) between Gas Type and Thermal state for the exercise-induced increase in ventilation (ΔV˙E). During both the normothermia and hyperthermia conditions with AIR breathing, the exercise ΔV˙E was ∼80Lmin(-1) and it was significantly decreased to 73.1±24.1Lmin(-1) in the normothermia condition with N2O breathing relative to that of 92.0±25.0Lmin(-1) in the hyperthermia condition with N2O breathing. In conclusion, normoxic N2O breathing suppressed high intensity exercise ventilation during normothermia relative to that during hyperthermia on account of decreases in the tidal volume and this led CO2 retention. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The role of physical activity, body mass index and maturity status in body-related perceptions and self-esteem of adolescents.

PubMed

Altıntaş, A; Aşçı, F H; Kin-İşler, A; Güven-Karahan, B; Kelecek, S; Özkan, A; Yılmaz, A; Kara, F M

2014-01-01

Adolescence represents a transitional period which is marked by physical, social and psychological changes. Changes in body shape and physical activity especially alter and shape the psychological well-being of adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of physical activity level, body mass index and maturity status in body-related perception and self-esteem of 11-18 years old adolescents. A total of 1012 adolescents participated in this study. The "Social Physique Anxiety Scale", "Body Image Satisfaction Scale", "Physical Self-Perception Profile for Children" and "Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory" were administered. Physical activity level and body mass index were assessed using the "Physical Activity Questionnaire" and "Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer", respectively. Regression analysis indicated that body mass index was the only predictor of perceived body attractiveness, social physique anxiety, body image satisfaction and self-esteem for female adolescents. For male adolescents, both physical activity and body mass index were correlated with perceived body attractiveness and social physique anxiety. Pubertal status were not correlated with self-esteem and body-related perceptions for both males and females adolescents. In summary, body mass index and physical activity plays an important role in body-related perceptions and self-esteem of adolescents.

Social physique anxiety and physical activity behaviour of male and female exercisers.

PubMed

Portman, Robert M; Bradbury, Jane; Lewis, Kiara

2018-03-01

Despite females consistently reporting greater social physique anxiety (SPA), previous literature has yet to demonstrate whether SPA gender differences are linked to the way males and females perform physical activity. This study investigated an association between SPA and physical activity frequency, history of exercise, and physical activity intensity. Participants were represented by currently active users (N = 33 males; N = 31 females) of an on-campus university-run gym and completed a background physical activity questionnaire and the nine-item Social Physique Anxiety Scale. Participants also performed an exercise session at a self-selected level of exertion, with the intensity of each session measured via heart rate monitor. SPA was not associated with physical activity frequency, history of exercise (length of gym membership), or intensity for male and female exercisers. With respect to male participants, females reported higher SPA and a preference for performing higher intensity physical activity. Females and males also indicated a preference for performing aerobic and anaerobic physical activity respectively. Our findings suggest the experience of SPA does not deter body-conscious individuals from the performance of regular physical activity. Findings also suggest the discrepancy in male and female SPA is not linked to differences in the way physical activity is performed.

Étude statistique et dynamique de la propagation d'épidémies dans un réseau de petit mondeStatistical and dynamical study of the epidemics propagation in a small world network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zekri, Nouredine; Clerc, Jean Pierre

We study numerically in this work the statistical and dynamical properties of the clusters in a one dimensional small world model. The parameters chosen correspond to a realistic network of children of school age where a disease like measles can propagate. Extensive results on the statistical behavior of the clusters around the percolation threshold, as well as the evoltion with time, are discussed. To cite this article: N. Zekri, J.P. Clerc, C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 741-747.

Beyond Flory theory: Distribution functions for interacting lattice trees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosa, Angelo; Everaers, Ralf

2017-01-01

While Flory theories [J. Isaacson and T. C. Lubensky, J. Physique Lett. 41, 469 (1980), 10.1051/jphyslet:019800041019046900; M. Daoud and J. F. Joanny, J. Physique 42, 1359 (1981), 10.1051/jphys:0198100420100135900; A. M. Gutin et al., Macromolecules 26, 1293 (1993), 10.1021/ma00058a016] provide an extremely useful framework for understanding the behavior of interacting, randomly branching polymers, the approach is inherently limited. Here we use a combination of scaling arguments and computer simulations to go beyond a Gaussian description. We analyze distribution functions for a wide variety of quantities characterizing the tree connectivities and conformations for the four different statistical ensembles, which we have studied numerically in [A. Rosa and R. Everaers, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 49, 345001 (2016), 10.1088/1751-8113/49/34/345001 and J. Chem. Phys. 145, 164906 (2016), 10.1063/1.4965827]: (a) ideal randomly branching polymers, (b) 2 d and 3 d melts of interacting randomly branching polymers, (c) 3 d self-avoiding trees with annealed connectivity, and (d) 3 d self-avoiding trees with quenched ideal connectivity. In particular, we investigate the distributions (i) pN(n ) of the weight, n , of branches cut from trees of mass N by severing randomly chosen bonds; (ii) pN(l ) of the contour distances, l , between monomers; (iii) pN(r ⃗) of spatial distances, r ⃗, between monomers, and (iv) pN(r ⃗|l ) of the end-to-end distance of paths of length l . Data for different tree sizes superimpose, when expressed as functions of suitably rescaled observables x ⃗=r ⃗/√{ } or x =l / . In particular, we observe a generalized Kramers relation for the branch weight distributions (i) and find that all the other distributions (ii-iv) are of Redner-des Cloizeaux type, q (x ⃗) =C |x| θexp(-(K|x |) t) . We propose a coherent framework, including generalized Fisher-Pincus relations, relating most of the RdC exponents to each other and to the contact and Flory exponents for interacting trees.

Analysis of time dependent phenomena observed with the LPSP OSO-8 instrument. [solar chromosphere and photosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leibacher, J. W.

1979-01-01

Data obtained by the Laboratoire de Physique Stellaire et Planetaire's ultraviolet spectrometer onboard the OSO-8 spacecraft were analyzed in an effort to dynamically model the solar chromosphere as an aid in enhancing knowledge of the dynamical processes themselves and of spectral line formation in the dynamic chromosphere. Repeated spectral scans of strong, optically thick resonance lines formed in the solar chromosphere were examined for indications of oscillatory velocities and intensities among other indications of velocity which were studied, the blue peak is reasonably well defined, and the position of a parabolic filter fitted by the least squares method was used to define it. Observed chromospheric oscillation periods are discussed as well as the variations in altitude of the emitting region which result primarily from the motion up and down during the oscillation.

Apprendre a vivre ensemble grace a l'enseignement de l'histoire et de la geographie. Rapport final du colloque sur le theme. (Learning To Live Together Thanks to the Teaching of History and Geography. Final Report on a Colloquium on That Theme.) Proceedings of a Colloquium Organized Jointly by the International Bureau of Education (UNESCO) and the University of Geneva (Geneva, Switzerland, June 12, 1998).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andre, Yves, Ed.; Mouzoune, Abdelkrim, Ed.

These Proceedings contain 14 chapters (or papers) from a colloquium on learning to live together in peaceful co-existence thanks to the teaching of history and geography. All the papers in the Proceedings are in French, but each paper has both an English summary and a Spanish summary. The 14 papers are, as follows: (1) "Introduction"…

Fear of negative appearance evaluation: development and evaluation of a new construct for risk factor work in the field of eating disorders.

PubMed

Lundgren, Jennifer D; Anderson, Drew A; Thompson, Joel Kevin

2004-01-01

The psychometric properties and correlates of a measure designed to assess fear of negative appearance evaluation are presented. In Study 1, 165 college females completed the Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale [FNAES; Thomas, C.M., Keery, H., Williams, R., & Thompson, J. K. (1998, November). The Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale: Development and preliminary validation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Washington, DC] along with measures of body image, eating disturbance, and depression. Results replicated previous analyses indicating the presence of a single factor, good internal consistency, and significant association with measures of body image and eating disturbance. Additionally, the FNAES accounted for unique variance beyond that explained by general fear of negative evaluation, and other measures of body image and eating disturbance, in the prediction of body shape dysphoria, dietary restraint, and trait anxiety. Study 2 further examined the validity of the FNAES, finding it to correlate significantly with measures of social physique anxiety, body image, eating attitude, and mood. The FNAES did not significantly correlate with body mass index (BMI). Regression analyses found the FNAES to predict levels of body image, eating attitude, and mood beyond variance explained by social physique anxiety. The FNAES appears to measure a conceptually unique aspect of body image that has not been indexed by previous measures and may serve a useful role in risk factor and preventive work.

Un regard international sur la sécurité nucléaire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Birkhofer, Adolf

2002-10-01

Safety has always been an important objective in nuclear technology. Starting with a set of sound physical principles and prudent design approaches, safety concepts have gradually been refined and cover now a wide range of provisions related to design, quality and operation. Research, the evaluation of operating experiences and probabilistic risk assessments constitute an essential basis and international co-operation plays a significant role in that context. Concerning future developments a major objective for new reactor concepts, such as the EPR, is to practically exclude a severe core damage accident with large scale consequences outside the plant. To cite this article: A. Birkhofer, C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 1059-1065.

Atmospheric and meteorological Lidar: from pioneers to space applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Flamant, Pierre H.

2005-10-01

The 'Light Detection and Ranging' technique, or Lidar, is a laser application to remote sensing. Lidar was in the laboratory stage in the 1960s and in less than 40 years it became a serious candidate for space applications at the turn of the 21st century. Over the years, the Lidar community made significant contributions to Lidar sciences and advancing the technique that makes Lidar an inevitable partner in geophysics and Earth observation. The French community, especially the Service d'Aéronomie and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, have been involved since the beginning in the Lidar venture and made significant contribution. To cite this article: P.H. Flamant, C. R. Physique 6 (2005).

The LPSP instrument on OSO 8. II - In-flight performance and preliminary results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bonnet, R. M.; Lemaire, P.; Vial, J. C.; Artzner, G.; Gouttebroze, P.; Jouchoux, A.; Vidal-Madjar, A.; Leibacher, J. W.; Skumanich, A.

1978-01-01

The paper describes the in-flight performance for the first 18 months of operation of the LPSP (Laboratoire de Physique Stellaire et Planetaire) instrument incorporated in the OSO 8 launched June 1975. By means of the instrument, an absolute pointing accuracy of nearly one second was achieved in orbit during real-time operations. The instrument uses a Cassegrain telescope and a spectrometer simultaneously observing six wavelengths. In-flight performance is discussed with attention to angular resolution, spectral resolution, dispersion and grating mechanism (spectral scanner) stability, scattered light background and dark current, photometric standardization, and absolute calibration. Real-time operation and problems are considered with reference to pointing system problems, target acquisition, and L-alpha modulation. Preliminary results involving the observational program, quiet sun and chromospheric studies, quiet chromospheric oscillation and transients, sunspots and active regions, prominences, and aeronomy investigations are reported.

Foreword

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Villain, Jacques

2017-01-01

The present issue of the Comptes Rendus Physique aims to provide the scientific reader with an opportunity to become acquainted with current scientific trends that have been distinguished by prizes of the French Academy of Sciences.

Validation of a skinfold based index for tracking proportional changes in lean mass

PubMed Central

Slater, G J; Duthie, G M; Pyne, D B; Hopkins, W G

2006-01-01

Background The lean mass index (LMI) is a new empirical measure that tracks within‐subject proportional changes in body mass adjusted for changes in skinfold thickness. Objective To compare the ability of the LMI and other skinfold derived measures of lean mass to monitor changes in lean mass. Methods 20 elite rugby union players undertook full anthropometric profiles on two occasions 10 weeks apart to calculate the LMI and five skinfold based measures of lean mass. Hydrodensitometry, deuterium dilution, and dual energy x ray absorptiometry provided a criterion choice, four compartment (4C) measure of lean mass for validation purposes. Regression based measures of validity, derived for within‐subject proportional changes through log transformation, included correlation coefficients and standard errors of the estimate. Results The correlation between change scores for the LMI and 4C lean mass was moderate (0.37, 90% confidence interval −0.01 to 0.66) and similar to the correlations for the other practical measures of lean mass (range 0.26 to 0.42). Standard errors of the estimate for the practical measures were in the range of 2.8–2.9%. The LMI correctly identified the direction of change in 4C lean mass for 14 of the 20 athletes, compared with 11 to 13 for the other practical measures of lean mass. Conclusions The LMI is probably as good as other skinfold based measures for tracking lean mass and is theoretically more appropriate. Given the impracticality of the 4C criterion measure for routine field use, the LMI may offer a convenient alternative for monitoring physique changes, provided its utility is established under various conditions. PMID:16505075

History without time: Buffon's natural history as a nonmathematical physique.

PubMed

Hoquet, Thierry

2010-03-01

While "natural history" is practically synonymous with the name of Buffon, the term itself has been otherwise overlooked by historians of science. This essay attempts to address this omission by investigating the meanings of "physique," "natural philosophy," and "history," among other terms, with the purpose of understanding Buffon's actual objectives. It also shows that Buffon never claimed to be a Newtonian and should not be considered as such; the goal is to provide a historical analysis that resituates Buffon's thought within his own era. This is done, primarily, by eschewing the often-studied question of time in Buffon. Instead, this study examines the nontemporal meanings of the word "history" within the naturalist's theory and method. The title of his Natural History is examined both as an indicator of the kind of science that Buffon was hoping to achieve and as a source of great misinterpretation among his peers. Unlike Buffon, many of his contemporaries actually envisioned the study of nature from a Baconian perspective where history was restricted to the mere collection of facts and where philosophy, which was the implicit and ultimate goal of studying nature, was seen, at least for the present, as unrealizable. Buffon confronts this tendency insofar as his Histoire naturelle claims to be the real physique that, along with describing nature, also sought to identify general laws and provide clear insight into what true knowledge of nature is or should be. According to Buffon, history (both natural and civil) is not analogous to mathematics; it is a nonmathematical method whose scope encompasses both nature and society. This methodological stance gives rise to the "physicization" of certain moral concepts--a gesture that was interpreted by his contemporaries as Epicurean and atheist. In addition, Buffon reduces a number of metaphysically tainted historical concepts (e.g., antediluvian monuments) to objects of physical analysis, thereby confronting the very foundation of natural theology. In Buffon, as this essay makes clear, natural history is paving the way for a new physique (science of natural beings), independent from mathematics and from God, that treats naturalia in a philosophical and "historical" manner that is not necessarily "temporal."

Colloque S&T Symposium 2009: Understanding the Human Dimension in 21st Century Conflict/Warfare: Taking Care of the Front Line (comprendre la dimension humaine dans les conflits/la conduite de la guerre au xxle siecle: veiller a la ligne de front)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-01

à un adversaire d’un type différent. Il a ajouté que le modèle de gestion du personnel doit également s’adapter aux changements importants que subit...humaines; on risque d’assister à un manque d’imagination et de sang- froid si nous ne nous penchons pas sur les possibilités sur le plan technologique...la conduite de la guerre au XXIe siècle: Veiller à la ligne de front Stefan Wolejszo DGMPRA Kyle Fraser DGMPRA Orrick White (Editor) DRDC Corporate

Influence of the level of description of the indoor environment on the characteristic parameters of a MIMO channel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pereira, Carlos; Chartois, Yannick; Pousset, Yannis; Vauzelle, Rodolphe

2006-09-01

Modelling of the environment is an important factor in electromagnetic wave propagation simulation, performed by a 3D ray-tracing method. The aim of this work is to study the effect of indoor environment modelling accuracy on MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) channel characterisation. The first of the two environments investigated is the hall of our building, while the second one is a more confined environment and represents the floor of our laboratory. For these two indoor environments, three description levels are proposed in order to establish geometrical and electrical modelling impact on MIMO channel characterisation. Results are obtained by analysing the capacity and variation in correlation in relation to the polarisation, the presence of LOS (Line of sight) or NLOS configurations, the spacing between antennae and the number of transmitter and receiver antennae. To cite this article: C. Pereira et al., C. R. Physique 7 (2006).

Agression sexuelle et violence dans les relations amoureuses : Le rôle médiateur du stress post-traumatique

PubMed Central

Hébert, Martine; Daspe, Marie-Ève; Blais, Martin; Lavoie, Francine; Guerrier, Mireille

2017-01-01

Résumé Cette étude vise à documenter le rôle médiateur des symptômes de stress post-traumatique (SSPT) dans le lien entre l’agression sexuelle et différentes formes de victimisation vécues dans le contexte de relations amoureuses. L’étude se fonde sur l’Enquête sur les parcours amoureux des jeunes (PAJ), réalisée au sein de 34 écoles secondaires du Québec. Les jeunes ont rempli un questionnaire portant sur leurs expériences de victimisation, y compris l’agression sexuelle vécue pendant l’enfance et la violence psychologique, physique et sexuelle vécue au sein de leurs relations amoureuses dans les 12 derniers mois. Les SSPT ont été évalués à l’aide du UCLA PTSD Index. Sur un total de 8 194 adolescents, 15% des filles et 4% des garçons ont rapporté avoir vécu une agression sexuelle. Les résultats des analyses acheminatoires semblent indiquer que le fait d’avoir été victime d’agression sexuelle est associé à davantage de SSPT et qu’en retour, les SSPT sont positivement associés à la violence psychologique, physique et sexuelle subie de la part d’un partenaire amoureux. Cette étude comporte des implications pratiques pour la prévention et l’intervention sur le plan de la violence dans les relations amoureuses chez les victimes d’agression sexuelle. PMID:29321695

Drive for leanness and health-related behavior within a social/cultural perspective.

PubMed

Tod, David; Edwards, Christian; Hall, Gareth

2013-09-01

We examined relationships between drive for leanness and perceived media pressure to change appearance, internalization of an ideal physique, exercise frequency, and dieting. Men and women (N=353) completed the Drive for Leanness Scale, the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-3, the Eating Attitudes Test-26, and a demographic inventory. Drive for leanness was significantly correlated with athletic internalization (.52), pressure to attain an ideal physique (.25), exercise frequency (.36), and dieting (.25). Structural equation modeling revealed a good fitting model (χ(2)=2.85, p<.241; CFI=.99; NNFI=.98; RMSEA=.04; SRMR=.02) with internalization predicting drive for leanness, which in turn predicted dieting and exercise. Results reveal social/cultural theory helps enhance the understanding of the drive for leanness and its relationship with health-related behavior. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Promotion of Healthy Weight-Control Practices in Young Athletes.

PubMed

Carl, Rebecca L; Johnson, Miriam D; Martin, Thomas J

2017-09-01

Children and adolescents may participate in sports that favor a particular body type. Some sports, such as gymnastics, dance, and distance running, emphasize a slim or lean physique for aesthetic or performance reasons. Participants in weight-class sports, such as wrestling and martial arts, may attempt weight loss so they can compete at a lower weight class. Other sports, such as football and bodybuilding, highlight a muscular physique; young athletes engaged in these sports may desire to gain weight and muscle mass. This clinical report describes unhealthy methods of weight loss and gain as well as policies and approaches used to curb these practices. The report also reviews healthy strategies for weight loss and weight gain and provides recommendations for pediatricians on how to promote healthy weight control in young athletes. Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

A Self-determination Theory approach to the study of body image concerns, self-presentation and self-perceptions in a sample of aerobic instructors.

PubMed

Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie; Ntoumanis, Nikos

2007-03-01

This study examined motivational predictors of body image concerns, self-presentation and self-perceptions using Self-determination Theory as a guiding framework. Aerobic instructors (N = 149) completed questionnaires measuring general need satisfaction, exercise motivational regulations, body image concerns, social physique anxiety and self-perceptions. Introjected regulation predicted all outcome variables in the expected direction. Intrinsic motivation positively predicted physical self-worth. Further, autonomy need satisfaction negatively predicted body image concerns. Finally, differences existed in need satisfaction, introjected regulation, self-perceptions and social physique anxiety between those at risk of developing eating disorders and those not at risk. The results underline the importance of overall and exercise-specific feelings of self-determination in dealing with body image concerns and low self-perceptions of aerobics instructors.

The effect of labour on somatotype of males during the adolescent growth period.

PubMed

Ozener, B; Duyar, I

2008-01-01

Although the effect of labour and physical stress on the height and weight of growing children is relatively well known, rather limited information concerning the influences of the work environment on the physique of working children and adolescents is available. The purpose of this study was to increase our knowledge of the effects of mechanical stress on the human physique via somatotype during the adolescent growth period. Anthropometric measurements of 509 male apprentices aged 13.50-18.49 years and measurements of 451 nonworking youth (control group) of the same age group were taken. The members of both groups were from the lower socioeconomic strata and had similar living conditions. The apprentices were working an average of 11h per day in vocations requiring intense physical effort. The subjects were somatotyped using the Heath-Carter anthropometric protocol. The overall mean somatotypes were 2.3-4.4-3.3 for working adolescents, and 2.5-3.9-3.6 for the nonworking controls. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated significant differences between the groups. Working adolescents were more mesomorphic and less ectomorphic than their nonworking peers. In both groups, endomorphy decreased with age up to age 15; then remained stable for the labourers but increased for the nonworking peers. In both groups, mesomorphy was stable, but decreased with ectomorphy. These results indicate that physical stress not only causes retardation in linear growth, but also produces changes in human physique during the growth period.

Body size and physique among Canadians of First Nation and European ancestry.

PubMed

Katzmarzyk, P T; Malina, R M

1999-02-01

The purpose of this study was to compare body size and physique among Canadians of Aboriginal (First Nation [FN]) and European ancestry (EA) from the northern Ontario communities of Temagami and Bear Island. The sample consisted of 130 FN and 494 EA participants including adults (20-75 years: 214 men, 234 women) and youth (5-19 years: 97 boys, 79 girls). Indicators of body size and physique included stature, the sitting height-to-stature ratio (SSR), body mass, BMI, estimated upper-arm muscle area, biacromial, bicristal, biepicondylar, and bicondylar breadths, and the Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype (endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy). There were few differences in body size between FN and EA, with the exception of adult females. Adult FN females were significantly heavier and had greater bone breadths than EA women (P < 0.001). On the other hand, somatotype differed significantly between EA and FN by age and sex, except for 5-19-year-old females. Among boys and men, FN had greater endomorphy (P < 0.03), whereas FN men also had lower ectomorphy (P < 0.01). Among women, FN were significantly more endomorphic and mesomorphic and less ectomorphic (P < 0.001). Although results for 5-19-year-old females were not significant, they were in the same direction as the other groups (greater endomorphy). Forward stepwise discriminant function analyses indicated that endomorphy was the most important discriminator between FN and EA by age and sex.

Quasi-monoenergetic electron acceleration in relativistic laser-plasmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pukhov, Alexander; Gordienko, Sergei; Seredov, Vasili; Kostyukov, Igor

2009-03-01

Using Particle-in-Cell simulations as well as analytical theory we study electron acceleration in underdense plasmas both in the Bubble regime and in the weakly relativistic periodic wake fields. In the Bubble regime, electron trapping is taken as a function of the propagated distance. The number of trapped electrons depends on the effective phase velocity of the X-point at the rear of the Bubble. For the weakly relativistic periodic wakes, we show that the phase synchronism between the wake and the relativistic electrons can be maintained over very long distances when the plasma density is tapered properly. Moreover, one can use layered plasmas to control and improve the accelerated beam quality. To cite this article: A. Pukhov et al., C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

Evulvalution: the portrayal of women's external genitalia and physique across time and the current barbie doll ideals.

PubMed

Schick, Vanessa R; Rima, Brandi N; Calabrese, Sarah K

2011-01-01

Media images of the female body commonly represent reigning appearance ideals of the era in which they are published. To date, limited documentation of the genital appearance ideals in mainstream media exists. Analysis 1 sought to describe genital appearance ideals (i.e., mons pubis and labia majora visibility, labia minora size and color, and pubic hair style) and general physique ideals (i.e., hip, waist, and bust size, height, weight, and body mass index [BMI]) across time based on 647 Playboy Magazine centerfolds published between 1953 and 2007. Analysis 2 focused exclusively on the genital appearance ideals embodied by models in 185 Playboy photographs published between 2007 and 2008. Taken together, results suggest the perpetuation of a "Barbie Doll" ideal characterized by a low BMI, narrow hips, a prominent bust, and hairless, undefined genitalia resembling those of a prepubescent female.

Croissance des couches minces et des multicouches de matériaux supraconducteurs H Tboldmath_c : bilan et perspective

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Contour, J. P.

1994-11-01

The main physical and chemical techniques of epitaxial growth of High T_c superconductor thin films are described together with their in situ analysis facilities and discussed with respect to their cost, sophistication and results (T_c, J_c growth defects, thickness and composition uniformity, crystallinity, electronic applications...). The future trends of the growth machines are then examined in connection with the present results and the development of superconductor electronics. Après la présentation des principales techniques de croissance physique et physicochimique de couches minces d'oxydes supraconducteurs à haute température critique, un bilan des résultats sera dressé par rapport aux différentes propriétés des films (transition résistive, courant critique, défauts de croissance, uniformité d'épaisseur et de composition, cristallinité...), aux difficultés de mise en œuvre et au coût de l'expérience. Les perspectives des différentes techniques seront ensuite examinées dans le cadre du développement potentiel d'une électronique utilisant les matériaux supraconducteurs H T_c.

Prise en charge en cabinet des lésions cérébrales traumatiques légères chez les enfants et les adolescents

PubMed Central

Garcia-Rodriguez, Juan Antonio; Thomas, Roger E.

2014-01-01

Résumé Objectif Fournir aux médecins de famille de l’information à jour, pratique et factuelle sur les lésions cérébrales traumatiques légères et les commotions cérébrales dans la population pédiatrique. Sources d’information Une recherche a été effectuée dans MEDLINE (de 1950 à février 2013), la base de données des revues systématiques Cochrane (de 2005 à 2013), le registre central Cochrane des essais contrôlés (de 2005 à 2013) et DARE (2005 à 2013) à l’aide de mots-clés liés aux commotions cérébrales et aux traumatismes crâniens. Des lignes directrices, énoncés de position, articles et rapports de recherche originaux pertinents aux lésions cérébrales traumatiques légères ont été sélectionnés. Message principal Le traumatisme est la cause principale de décès chez les enfants de plus d’un an et, dans ce groupe, le traumatisme crânien est la cause la plus fréquente d’incapacité et de décès. Neuf pour cent des blessures sportives rapportées chez les élèves du secondaire sont associées à une lésion cérébrale traumatique légère. Les médecins de famille doivent effectuer une anamnèse ciblée et un examen physique et neurologique, utiliser les instruments d’évaluation standardisés (Échelle de Glasgow; Outil d’évaluation des commotions cérébrales dans le sport, version 3; version pédiatrique de l’Outil d’évaluation des commotions cérébrales dans le sport; et échelle BESS [Balance Error Scoring System]), expliquer aux parents comment surveiller leurs enfants, décider des circonstances où les soignants ne sont pas une ressource dûment responsable, faire un suivi prompt auprès des patients, guider le retour sécuritaire au jeu ou à l’école et décider dans quelles circonstances un test neuropsychologique est nécessaire au suivi à long terme. Conclusion La prise en charge par le médecin de famille des lésions cérébrales traumatiques légères chez les enfants repose sur une anamnèse détaillée, un examen physique et neurologique, le recours à des instruments validés qui fourniront un cadre objectif et des suivis périodiques.

Physical appearance concerns are uniquely associated with the severity of steroid dependence and depression in anabolic-androgenic steroid users.

PubMed

Griffiths, Scott; Jacka, Brendan; Degenhardt, Louisa; Murray, Stuart B; Larance, Briony

2018-02-27

Emerging research suggests that the sub-population of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users who experience physical appearance concerns may suffer greater psychological dysfunction than other sub-populations, including users with athletic or occupational concerns. Thus, among current AAS users, we sought to determine whether, and to what extent, social physique anxiety-an established measure of appearance concern-was associated with psychological dysfunction. Interviews were conducted with a sample of 74 male AAS users living in Australia. Users completed self-report instruments of the severity of AAS dependence, depression, hazardous and risky drinking, use of non-AAS illicit drugs, psychological side-effects due to AAS use and abnormal test results due to AAS use. Multivariate analyses revealed that greater social physique anxiety was uniquely associated with more severe symptoms of both AAS dependence and depression. Moreover, the effect size of these relationships was large. Social physique anxiety was not associated with hazardous or risky drinking, non-AAS illicit drug use, psychological side-effects or abnormal test results. Limitations notwithstanding, the study is consistent with the notion that AAS users who experience appearance concerns are at heightened risk of co-morbid psychological dysfunction. Given trends indicating an increase in the prevalence of AAS use in Australia and elsewhere, the findings suggest that health-care systems may need to consider prioritising the sub-population of AAS users who experience appearance concerns. Further investigation of the clinical syndrome of AAS dependence is required, including its relation to body image and eating disorders. © 2018 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.

The influence of somatotype on anaerobic performance

PubMed Central

Faulkner, James; Jobson, Simon

2018-01-01

The link between athlete physique and performance in sports is well established. However, a direct link between somatotype three-numeral rating and anaerobic performance has not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess the relations between somatotype and anaerobic performance using both singular and multivariate analyses. Thirty-six physically active males (mean ± standard deviation age 26.0 ± 9.8 years; body mass 79.5 ± 12.9 kg; height 1.82 ± 0.07 m) were somatotype-rated using the Heath-Carter method. Subjects were assessed for 3 repetition maximum (3 RM) bench press and back squat, and completed a 30-second maximal sprint cycle test. Positive correlations were observed between mesomorphy and 3 RM bench press (r = 0.560, p < 0.001), mesomorphy and 3 RM back squat (r = 0.550, p = 0.001) and between mesomorphy and minimum power output (r = 0.357, p = 0.033). Negative correlations were observed between ectomorphy and 3 RM bench press (r = -0.381, p = 0.022), and ectomorphy and 3 RM back squat (r = -0.336, p = 0.045). Individual regression analysis indicated that mesomorphy was the best predictor of 3 RM bench press performance, with 31.4% of variance in 3 RM bench press performance accounted for by the mesomorphy rating (p < 0.001). A combination of mesomorphy and ectomorphy best predicted 3 RM back squat performance (R2 = 0.388, p < 0.04). Around one third of strength performance is predicted by somatotype-assessed physique in physically active males. This could have important implications for the identification of those predisposed to perform well in sports containing strength-based movements and prescription of training programmes. PMID:29787610

The influence of somatotype on anaerobic performance.

PubMed

Ryan-Stewart, Helen; Faulkner, James; Jobson, Simon

2018-01-01

The link between athlete physique and performance in sports is well established. However, a direct link between somatotype three-numeral rating and anaerobic performance has not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess the relations between somatotype and anaerobic performance using both singular and multivariate analyses. Thirty-six physically active males (mean ± standard deviation age 26.0 ± 9.8 years; body mass 79.5 ± 12.9 kg; height 1.82 ± 0.07 m) were somatotype-rated using the Heath-Carter method. Subjects were assessed for 3 repetition maximum (3 RM) bench press and back squat, and completed a 30-second maximal sprint cycle test. Positive correlations were observed between mesomorphy and 3 RM bench press (r = 0.560, p < 0.001), mesomorphy and 3 RM back squat (r = 0.550, p = 0.001) and between mesomorphy and minimum power output (r = 0.357, p = 0.033). Negative correlations were observed between ectomorphy and 3 RM bench press (r = -0.381, p = 0.022), and ectomorphy and 3 RM back squat (r = -0.336, p = 0.045). Individual regression analysis indicated that mesomorphy was the best predictor of 3 RM bench press performance, with 31.4% of variance in 3 RM bench press performance accounted for by the mesomorphy rating (p < 0.001). A combination of mesomorphy and ectomorphy best predicted 3 RM back squat performance (R2 = 0.388, p < 0.04). Around one third of strength performance is predicted by somatotype-assessed physique in physically active males. This could have important implications for the identification of those predisposed to perform well in sports containing strength-based movements and prescription of training programmes.

Relationship of low lean body mass with body weight increase until one year of age and current lifestyles in Japanese young women.

PubMed

Miyamoto, Shoji; Murotani, Kenta; Yanagawa, Takashi; Kato, Atsushi; Matsunaga, Satoshi

2010-06-01

To investigate factors affecting the low lean body mass (LBM) of young women, we focused on the increase in body weight until one year of age and current lifestyles. In 442 young women, the increase in body weight from birth until one year of age, breast-feeding method in infancy, current physique index and body composition, and physique and lifestyles were investigated using a questionnaire. Subjects with an LBM percentile of less than 33.3 (less than 36.8 kg) were classified as having a low LBM (n = 150), and those with a 33.3 or higher LBM percentile as the control (n = 293). Based on body weight changes from birth to days 3 and 7, the subjects were divided into a rapid weight gain group and two non-rapid weight gain groups (groups 1-3). To analyze factors involved in a low LBM, multivariate analysis using a logistic model was employed. The prevalence of a low LBM in the rapid weight gain group was 0.41 times higher than in the others. The prevalence of a low LBM with a low birth weight was 0.58 times higher, indicating that a low birth weight is likely to result in a low LBM. Regarding the lifestyles, the prevalence of a low LBM in subjects with a current breakfasting habit was 0.60 times higher than in those without one. These findings suggest that the thinness of young women characterized by a low LBM is associated with the increase in body weight until one year of age and current lifestyles.

Physiological Changes Following Competition in Male and Female Physique Athletes: A Pilot Study.

PubMed

Trexler, Eric T; Hirsch, Katie R; Campbell, Bill I; Smith-Ryan, Abbie E

2017-10-01

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate changes in body composition, metabolic rate, and hormones during postcompetition recovery. Data were collected from natural physique athletes (7 male/8 female) within one week before (T1) competition, within one week after (T2), and 4-6 weeks after (T3) competition. Measures included body composition (fat mass [FM] and lean mass [LM] from ultrasongraphy), resting metabolic rate (RMR; indirect calorimetry), and salivary leptin, testosterone, cortisol, ghrelin, and insulin. Total body water (TBW; bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy) was measured at T1 and T2 in a subsample (n = 8) of athletes. Significant (p < .05) changes were observed for weight (T1 = 65.4 ± 12.2 kg, T2 = 67.4 ± 12.6, T3 = 69.3 ± 13.4; T3 > T2 > T1), LM (T1 = 57.6 ± 13.9 kg, T2 = 59.4 ± 14.2, T3 = 59.3 ± 14.2; T2 and T3 > T1), and FM (T1 = 7.7 ± 4.4 kg, T2 = 8.0 ± 4.4, T3 = 10.0 ± 6.2; T3 > T1 and T2). TBW increased from T1 to T2 (Δ=1.9 ± 1.3 L, p < .01). RMR increased from baseline (1612 ± 266 kcal/day; 92.0% of predicted) to T2 (1881 ± 329, 105.3%; p < .01) and T3 (1778 ± 257, 99.6%; p < .001). Cortisol was higher (p < .05) at T2 (0.41 ± 0.31 μg/dL) than T1 (0.34 ± 0.31) and T3 (0.35 ± 0.27). Male testosterone at T3 (186.6 ± 41.3 pg/mL) was greater than T2 (148.0 ± 44.6, p = .04). RMR changes were associated (p ≤ .05) with change in body fat percent (ΔBF%; r = .59) and T3 protein intake (r= .60); male testosterone changes were inversely associated (p≤ .05) with ΔBF%, ΔFM, and Δweight (r=-0.81--0.88). TBW increased within days of competition. Precompetition RMR suppression appeared to be variable and markedly reversed by overfeeding, and reverted toward normal levels following competition. RMR and male testosterone increased while FM was preferentially gained 4-6 weeks postcompetition.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lites, B.W.; Skumanich, A.

OSO 8 observations of the profiles of the resonance lines of H I, Mg II, and Ca II obtained with the Laboratorie de Physique Stellaire et Planetaire de Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (LPSP-CNRS) spectrometer (by A.S.) and of C IV obtained with the University of Colorado (CU) spectrometer (by B.W.L.) for a large quiet sunspot (1975 November 16--17) are analyzed along with near-simultaneous ground-based Stokes measurements obtained in a collaborative arrangement with L. L. House and T. Baur (HAO-NCAR) to yield an umbral chromosphere and transition region model. Features of this model include: (1) a chromosphere that ismore » effectively thin in the important chromsopheric resonance lines of H I and Mg II and saturated in Ca II; (2) an upper chromospheric structure similar to quiet-Sun models; (3) penetration of the sunspot photospheric ''cooling wave'' to higher altitudes in the sunspot chromosphere than in quiet-Sun models, i.e., a more extended temperature minimum region in the sunspot atomphere; (4) a lower pressure corona above the sunspot umbra than above a typical quiet region; (5) very low nonthermal broadening in the umbral chromosphere; (6) a moderately strong downdraft; (7) chromospheric radiative loss rates not significantly different from their corresponding quiet-Sun values; (8) a temperature gradient in the transitons region near 10/sup 5/ Kapprox.0.1 times the corresponding quiet-Sun value. The Balmer continuum radiation from the photospheric areas outside the sunspot umbra controls the hydrogen ionization, and hence the electron density, in the chromosphere above the umbra.« less

Olivine Slip-system Activity at High Pressure: Implications for Upper-Mantle Rheology and Seismic Anisotropy (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raterron, P.; Castelnau, O.; Geenen, T.; Merkel, S.

2013-12-01

The past decade abounded in technical developments allowing the investigation of materials rheology at high pressure (P > 3 GPa) [1]. This had a significant impact on our understanding of olivine rheology in the Earth asthenosphere, where P is in the range 3 - 13 GPa. A dislocation slip-system transition induced by pressure has been documented in dry Fe-bearing olivine [2]; it induces changes in olivine aggregate lattice preferred orientation (LPO) [3,4], which may explain the seismic velocity anisotropy attenuation observed at depths > 200 km in the upper mantle [5]. Deformation experiments carried out on olivine single crystals at high pressure allowed quantifying the effect of P on individual slip system activities [6]. Integration of these data, together with data on lattice friction arising from computational models (e.g., [7]), into analytical or mean-field numerical models for aggregate plasticity gave insight on the viscosity and LPO of olivine aggregates deformed at geological conditions in the dislocation creep regime [8,9]. We will review these recent findings and their implications for upper mantle rheology and seismic anisotropy. [1] Raterron & Merkel, 2009, J. Sync. Rad., 16, 748 ; [2] Raterron et al., 2009, PEPI, 172, 74 ; [3] Jung et al., 2009, Nature Geoscience, 2, 73 ; [4] Ohuchi et al., 2011, EPSL, 304, 55 ; [5] Mainprice et al., 2005, Nature, 433, 731 ; [6] Raterron et al., 2012, PEPI, 200-201, 105 ; [7] Durinck et al., 2007, EJM, 19, 631 ; [8] Castelnau et al., 2010, C.R. Physique, 11, 304 ; [9] Raterron et al., 2011, PEPI, 188, 26

Super Yang Mills, matrix models and geometric transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferrari, Frank

2005-03-01

I explain two applications of the relationship between four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories, zero-dimensional gauged matrix models, and geometric transitions in string theory. The first is related to the spectrum of BPS domain walls or BPS branes. It is shown that one can smoothly interpolate between a D-brane state, whose weak coupling tension scales as N˜1/g, and a closed string solitonic state, whose weak coupling tension scales as N˜1/gs2. This is part of a larger theory of N=1 quantum parameter spaces. The second is a new purely geometric approach to sum exactly over planar diagrams in zero dimension. It is an example of open/closed string duality. To cite this article: F. Ferrari, C. R. Physique 6 (2005).

Shared issues of wavefield inversion and illustrations in 3-D diffusive electromagnetics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lesselier, Dominique; Lambert, Marc; Perrusson, Gaële

2005-07-01

Electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation of complex objects means that one has to decipher data which result from their interaction with imposed sources. This task is crucial in civil, environmental and medical engineering, to quote obvious fields, as well as for safety and reliability of industrial processes of various kinds in key energy and transportation sectors, for example. This short contribution does not attempt to review the huge variety of themes and the many applications of the science of inversion, but aims at emphasizing a number of points that seem common enough to this science to be worthwhile to be reviewed. Two illustrations and a few main references thought of good interest among the ever increasing literature are given. To cite this article: D. Lesselier et al., C. R. Physique 6 (2005).

Occult spinal canal stenosis due to C-1 hypoplasia in children with Down syndrome.

PubMed

Matsunaga, Shunji; Imakiire, Takanori; Koga, Hiroaki; Ishidou, Yasuhiro; Sasaki, Hiromi; Taketomi, Eiji; Higo, Masaru; Tanaka, Hiroshi; Komiya, Setsuro

2007-12-01

Little has been published about subclinical spinal canal stenosis due to C-1 hypoplasia in patients with Down syndrome. In this paper the authors performed a matched comparison study with cross-sectional survey to investigate occult spinal canal stenosis due to C-1 hypoplasia in children with Down syndrome. A total of 102 children with Down syndrome ranging in age from 10 to 15 years were matched according to age and physique with 176 normal children. In all participants, the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of C-1 and the atlas-dens interval (ADI) were measured on plain lateral x-ray images of the cervical spine. The cross-sectional area of the atlas was also measured from a cross-sectional computed tomography image of C-1. Eight children (6.7%) with Down syndrome developed atlantoaxial subluxation associated with myelopathy. The difference in the ADI between the patients and controls was not statistically significant. The average AP diameter of the atlas and the spinal canal area along the cross-section of the atlas were significantly smaller in children with Down syndrome than those in the control group. Atlantoaxial instability and occult spinal canal stenosis due to C-1 hypoplasia in patients with Down syndrome may significantly increase the risk of myelopathy.

Colloquium P.G.de Gennes

ScienceCinema

None

2018-05-18

Lecture from Professor Pierre Gilles from Gennes, who received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1991, became a professor at the Collège de France in 1971, director of the Ecole de Physique et Chimie (School of Physics and Chemistry) in Paris, etc.

Eating attitudes, self-esteem and social physique anxiety among Iranian females who participate in fitness programs.

PubMed

Gargari, B P; Khadem-Haghighian, M; Taklifi, E; Hamed-Behzad, M; Shahraki, M

2010-03-01

Today, women's participation in sports has substantially increased. This growth has been accompanied by concerns about health risks, as eating disorders, and psychological features, as self-esteem (SE) and social physique anxiety (SPA). The purpose of this study was to determine disordered eating attitudes and their relation to SE, SPA, as well as body weight, and body mass index (BMI), in Iranian females who participate in fitness programs. Subjects were 250 females, aged 14-51 years, who participated in fitness programs. Eating attitude test-26 (EAT-26), Rosenberg's self esteem scale (RSES), and social physique anxiety scale (SPAS), were used. Body weight and height were measured, and then Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. According to BMI cut-offs, 36% of subjects were overweight or obese. 28.4% and 19.6% of subjects were disordered eating attitudes (EAT-26>or=20) and low self-esteem (RSES<15), respectively. Disordered eating attitude subjects had lower SE and higher SPA, body weight and BMI than normal subjects (P<0.05). The low SE group had higher SPAS than normal one (P<0.02). In bivariate analysis, EAT-26 score was correlated negatively with RSES (r=-0.13, P<0.04) and positively with body weight, BMI, and SPAS (r=0.40, 0.42, and 0.47, respectively, P<0.001). SPAS had positive correlation with body weight and BMI (r=0.22, 0.19, It can be concluded that disordered eating attitudes are prevalent among Iranian females who participate in fitness programs. In this group, high SPA, body weight and BMI, and low SE accompany disordered eating attitudes.

Epidemiological investigation of physique situation for birth high-risk children aged 9-15 years in Chengdu, Southwest China.

PubMed

Xiong, F; Yang, F; Huo, T Z; Li, P; Mao, M

2014-01-01

As the intrauterine environment can effect children's growth and development, this study aimed to explore the relationship between birth high-risk and physique situation of 9 to 15-year-old children by cross-sectional investigation, and to provide clues for the monitoring, prevention, and treatment of growth deviation in children. This study recruited 7,194 students aged 9 to 15 years in primary and junior schools. Their parents were asked to complete the birth situation questionnaire. Measurements included height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Birth high-risk infant was defined according to the gestational age and birth weight. Growth deviation was classified as underweight, short stature, overweight, and obesity. The prevalence of all kinds of growth deviations in preterm, full-term, and post-term birth groups were similar, the same as the physique situation at school age among both sexes. The incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) was 6.23%, when at school age, part of SGA had catch-up growth. However, the prevalence of underweight and short stature for SGA was highest in three groups. The weight and height at school age in SGA group was less than that in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) groups. The prevalence of overweight and obesity for LGA and macrosomia were highest in three groups. At school age, the weight in macrosomia and LGA groups was higher than that in the other groups. Longitudinal height and weight development and growth of children with birth high-risk are different from normal children. In order to improve healthy situation, more attention should be paid to height and weight development of those children with birth high-risk at school age, even in pre-school age. Prevention may already begin during pregnancy.

Effects of Age and Sex on the Development of Personal Space Schemata Towards Body Build

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lerner, Richard M.; And Others

1975-01-01

This study assessed personal space schemata of children towards stimulus figures representing male and female body build stereotypes. Greater spatial distances were used towards the Endomorph than other physique types and significant sex differences were found. (GO)

The obesity penalty in the labor market using longitudinal Canadian data.

PubMed

Chu, Filmer; Ohinmaa, Arto

2016-12-01

A Canadian study of weight discrimination also known as the obesity wage-penalty. This paper adds to the limited Canadian literature while also introducing a causal model, which can be applied to future Canadian studies. A general working-class sample group is utilized with personal income, which removes many biases introduced in other studies. The evidence suggests that a 1-unit increase in lagged BMI is associated with a 0.7% decrease in personal for obese Canadian females. Similar to other studies, the male results are inconsistent. The evidence brought forward in this study can provide an effective financial incentive for health promotion among Canadians for law and policy makers. Beyond health reasons, these results can also be applied as empirical evidence of gender discrimination based on body image perception. The evidence suggests that male physique is not a contributing factor in income, but larger female physique is associated with lower personal income. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Variability in body size and shape of UK offshore workers: A cluster analysis approach.

PubMed

Stewart, Arthur; Ledingham, Robert; Williams, Hector

2017-01-01

Male UK offshore workers have enlarged dimensions compared with UK norms and knowledge of specific sizes and shapes typifying their physiques will assist a range of functions related to health and ergonomics. A representative sample of the UK offshore workforce (n = 588) underwent 3D photonic scanning, from which 19 extracted dimensional measures were used in k-means cluster analysis to characterise physique groups. Of the 11 resulting clusters four somatotype groups were expressed: one cluster was muscular and lean, four had greater muscularity than adiposity, three had equal adiposity and muscularity and three had greater adiposity than muscularity. Some clusters appeared constitutionally similar to others, differing only in absolute size. These cluster centroids represent an evidence-base for future designs in apparel and other applications where body size and proportions affect functional performance. They also constitute phenotypic evidence providing insight into the 'offshore culture' which may underpin the enlarged dimensions of offshore workers. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Self-compassion: a potential resource for young women athletes.

PubMed

Mosewich, Amber D; Kowalski, Kent C; Sabiston, Catherine M; Sedgwick, Whitney A; Tracy, Jessica L

2011-02-01

Self-compassion has demonstrated many psychological benefits (Neff, 2009). In an effort to explore self-compassion as a potential resource for young women athletes, we explored relations among self-compassion, proneness to self-conscious emotions (i.e., shame, guilt-free shame, guilt, shame-free guilt, authentic pride, and hubristic pride), and potentially unhealthy self-evaluative thoughts and behaviors (i.e., social physique anxiety, obligatory exercise, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation). Young women athletes (N = 151; Mage = 15.1 years) participated in this study. Self-compassion was negatively related to shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, social physique anxiety, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. In support of theoretical propositions, self-compassion explained variance beyond self-esteem on shame proneness, guilt-free shame proneness, shame-free guilt proneness, objectified body consciousness, fear of failure, and fear of negative evaluation. Results suggest that, in addition to self-esteem promotion, self-compassion development may be beneficial in cultivating positive sport experiences for young women.

Marked for life? A prospective study of tattoos on appearance anxiety and dissatisfaction, perceptions of uniqueness, and self-esteem.

PubMed

Swami, Viren

2011-06-01

Previous studies on psychosocial aspects of tattooing have not examined prospective changes in self- and body-related attitudes as a result of obtaining a tattoo. In the present study, 82 British residents obtaining their first tattoo completed measures of state appearance anxiety and dissatisfaction prior to, and immediately after, obtaining a tattoo. They also completed measures of trait body appreciation, distinctive appearance investment, self-ascribed uniqueness, social physique anxiety, and self-esteem before obtaining a tattoo and three weeks later. Results showed that both women and men had significantly lower appearance anxiety and dissatisfaction immediately after obtaining their tattoo, and significantly higher body appreciation, distinctive appearance investment, self-ascribed uniqueness, and self-esteem after three weeks. Women reported greater social physique anxiety after three weeks, whereas men reported lower anxiety. These results are discussed in relation to the positive impacts of obtaining body art and the mainstreaming of tattooing in Western societies. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nutrition for winter sports.

PubMed

Meyer, Nanna L; Manore, Melinda M; Helle, Christine

2011-01-01

Winter sports are played in cold conditions on ice or snow and often at moderate to high altitude. The most important nutritional challenges for winter sport athletes exposed to environmental extremes include increased energy expenditure, accelerated muscle and liver glycogen utilization, exacerbated fluid loss, and increased iron turnover. Winter sports, however, vary greatly regarding their nutritional requirements due to variable physiological and physique characteristics, energy and substrate demands, and environmental training and competition conditions. What most winter sport athletes have in common is a relatively lean physique and high-intensity training periods, thus they require greater energy and nutrient intakes, along with adequate food and fluid before, during, and after training. Event fuelling is most challenging for cross-country skiers competing in long events, ski jumpers aiming to reduce their body weight, and those winter sport athletes incurring repeated qualification rounds and heats. These athletes need to ensure carbohydrate availability throughout competition. Finally, winter sport athletes may benefit from dietary and sport supplements; however, attention should be paid to safety and efficacy if supplementation is considered.

Calendar of Selected Aeronautical and Space Meetings (Calendrier des Manifestations Aeronautiques et Spatiales (Selection)).

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-01

Structures, Matiriaux et Micanique appliquie 51 08 - Physique de l’Atmosphire et Environnement terrestre 70 09 - Information, Documentation et...78712 US VDE Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: Zentralstelle Tagungen, Stresemannallee 21, D-6000 Frankfurt am Main 70 GE WEC World Energy Conference

Le concept suédois pour stockage définitif des déchets nucléaires

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hedman, Tommy; Nyström, Anders; Thegerström, Claes

2002-10-01

The purpose of a disposal is to isolate the radioactive waste from man and the environment. If the isolation is broken, the leakage and transport of radioactive substances must be retarded. The package is one of several barriers, used to achieve these two main functions. For short-lived, low and intermediate level waste four standard containers of steel and concrete are used. Spent fuel will be placed in a canister consisting of a pressure-bearing insert of cast nodular iron and an outer corrosion barrier of copper before it is deposited in a deep geological repository. In particular, the development of a high integrity copper canister for the isolation of spent nuclear fuel is described in this paper. To cite this article: T. Hedman et al., C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 903-913.

Microscopie de fluorescence de protéines autofluorescentes uniques pour la biologie cellulaire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cognet, Laurent; Coussen, Françoise; Choquet, Daniel; Lounis, Brahim

In this paper we review the applicability of autofluorescent proteins for single-molecule imaging in biology. The photophysical characteristics of several mutants of the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and those of DsRed are compared and critically discussed for their use in cellular biology. The alternative use of two-photon excitation at the single-molecule level or Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy is envisaged for the study of individual autofluorescent proteins. Single-molecule experiments performed in live cells using eGFP and preferably eYFP fusion proteins are reviewed. Finally, the first use at the single-molecule level of citrine, a more photostable variant of the eYFP is reported when fused to a receptor for neurotransmitter in live cells. To cite this article: L. Cognet et al., C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 645-656.

Theorie de la Levitation Radiative a L'equilibre dans les Etoiles Naines Blanches Chaudes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chayer, Pierre

1995-01-01

Les resultats de nouveaux calculs detailles de levitation radiative dans des naines blanches chaudes utilisant la base de donnees atomiques TOPBASE sont presentes. Des accelerations radiatives et des abondances d'equilibre ont ete calculees pour C, N, O, Ne, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ar, Ca, et Fe, sur des grilles de modeles d'enveloppes stellaires riches en hydrogene et riches en helium. La grille des modeles de DA a des gravites telles que log g = 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, et 8.5, et couvre les temperatures effectives pour lesquelles 100,000K >= T_ {rm eff} >= 20,000K par sauts de 2,500K. La grille des modeles de DO/DB est similaire mais se prolonge a T_{rm eff } = 130,000K. Les resultats d'abondances d'equilibre de Ni dans des DA utilisant la base de donnees de Kurucz sont aussi presentes. Nous discutons dans les moindres details de la physique incluse dans les calculs afin de fournir une bonne comprehension physique de la levitation radiative sous les conditions rencontrees dans les naines blanches. Nous discutons aussi de la forme et de la dependance en fonction de la profondeur des reservoirs des elements, crees par un equilibre entre l'acceleration radiative et la gravite locale effective dans differentes enveloppes stellaires. Nous soulignons le role important joue dans la morphologie de ces reserviors par les etats d'ionisation dominants se trouvant dans la configuration gaz noble. Nos resultats centraux sont presentes sous forme de figures montrant le comportement de l'abondance photospherique estimee pour chaque element en fonction de la temperature effective et de la gravite de surface. Nous apportons egalement des ameliorations aux calculs de levitation radiative en utilisant une approche de modeles d'atmospheres pour les etoiles riches en hydrogene. Nous mettons l'emphase, en particulier, sur le role des traces d'elements lourds qui peuvent etre presents dans le plasma. Nous utilisons une table d'opacite monochromatique detaillee calculee pour un plasma compose de H contenant de faibles quantites de C, N, O, et Fe pour illustrer comment les abondances d'equilibre des elements supportes reagissent a la redistribution du flux causee par l'addition de ces traces de matiere opaque. Nous traitons ce probleme, en premier lieu, selon une approche basee sur des modeles d'enveloppes et, en second lieu, selon une approche basee sur des modeles d'atmospheres. Nous considerons aussi deux autres ameliorations concernant, premierement, un traitement plus sophistique de la redistribution de la quantite de mouvement d'un ion suite a l'absorption d'un photon, et deuxiemement, l'utilisation d'une meilleure valeur de la largeur du profil de raie associee a l'elargissement par pression. Bien qu'une poignee d'abondances soient disponibles a partir de l'analyse des observations qui ont ete faites jusqu'a maintenant, nous sommes neanmoins capables de conclure, a l'aide de comparaisons detaillees, que la theorie de la levitation radiative a l'equilibre ne reussit pas a expliquer quantitativement les patrons d'abondances des elements lourds observes dans les naines blanches chaudes. Au moins un autre mecanisme doit competionner avec la levitation radiative et le triage gravitationnel dans les atmospheres/enveloppes des naines blanches chaudes. Nous suggerons la possibilite d'un vent stellaire ou encore la possibilite d'accretion.

A Psychometric Evaluation of the Self-Presentational Efficacy Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lamarche, Larkin; Gammage, Kimberley L.; Sullivan, Philip J.; Gabriel, David A.

2013-01-01

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Self-Presentational Efficacy Scale (SPES) developed by Gammage, Hall, and Martin Ginis (2004). University students (196 men and 269 women) completed the SPES and measures of social physique anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and physical activity. Participants also completed the SPES a…

Stalking the Feast Beast.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trimpey, Lois

This paper discusses the use of Rational Recovery (RR) as a counseling technique in treating people who feel fat, particularly women. Fatness is viewed as a philosophy, not a physical condition. Cultural influences defining and stressing ideal femininity come down hard on women whose physiques or appearances do not measure up. RR gives people…

Puberty and Physical Self-Perceptions of Competitive Female Figure Skaters: An Interdisciplinary Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monsma, Eva V.; Malina, Robert M.; Feltz, Deborah L.

2006-01-01

This study considered the interrelationships among biological maturation and its physical correlates, social physique anxiety, and appearance-related physical self-perceptions in 113 adolescent female figure skaters participating in solo (n = 73) or partner contexts (n = 40). Participants were interviewed about their menarcheal status, underwent a…

Solar Power

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Le Prof. Broda, Prof. de Biochimie, Physique et Radiochimie à l'Université de Vienne, ville où il est né et où il a étudié, fait une brillante carrière accadémique et nous parle de l'énergie solaire.

Teenage Nutrition and Physique.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huenemann, Ruth L.; And Others

Body size, composition, and conformation in a teen-age population, and associated factors were studied to obtain useful data for planning programs in public health nutrition. This book describes the purpose, methods, and findings of this four-year longitudinal and cross-sectional study conducted in Berkeley, California, during the years 1961 to…

Literacy Is More than Books and Pens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roseboro, Anna J. Small

2012-01-01

Like parents, educators should prepare their students to do without them. To achieve this they must understand two concepts they hear about in the world of education: multiple intelligences and media literacy. Research on ways people learn and demonstrate knowledge shows that both are as diverse as the physiques of the students. Some of them learn…

Eating Attitudes and Their Psychological Correlates among Turkish Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bas, Murat; Asci, F. Hulya; Karabudak, Efsun; Kiziltan, Gul

2004-01-01

This study examined the eating attitudes and psychological characteristics of Turkish late adolescents. Seven hundred eighty-three university students were administered the Eating Attitudes Test, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Social Physique Anxiety Scale. More than one in ten (9.2% of the males and 13.1% of the…

Using Computer-Generated Random Numbers to Calculate the Lifetime of a Comet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Danesh, Iraj

1991-01-01

An educational technique to calculate the lifetime of a comet using software-generated random numbers is introduced to undergraduate physiques and astronomy students. Discussed are the generation and eligibility of the required random numbers, background literature related to the problem, and the solution to the problem using random numbers.…

Contributions and Implications of the Medford, Oregon, Boys' Growth Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, H. H.

The overall and long-range purposes of the Medford Boys' Growth Study are: (1) to construct physical and motor growth curves and growth acceleration curves of boys seven to 18 years old; (2) to relate these traits to physiological maturity, physique type, nutritional status, socio-personal adjustment, interests, and scholastic aptitude and…

Free Space Optics Communication for Mobile Military Platforms

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-12-01

Federal Communications Commission FDA Food and Drug Administration FOV Field-of-View FSO Free Space Optics FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum Gbps...Physique et de Métrologie des Oscillateurs (LPMO) du CNRS UPR3203, associé à l’Université de Franche -Comté, 15 March 2002 [Schenk 2000] H. Schenk

L'education physique en Suisse Histoire et situation actuelle.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burgener, Louis

The document presents major aspects of the historical development and current situation of physical education in Switzerland. The study is designed as a manual for education students; as a reference book for educators, youth federations, sports associations, and the press; and as a volume to acquaint foreign readers with particular aspects of the…

The new role of scientists

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Le D.G. Jentschke fait l'introduction et présente le Prof.Kowarsky, spécialiste en microbiologie, physique nucléaire et une des fondateurs du Cern. Il parle entre autre de l'énergie nucléaire (pacifique)et de remise en questions des valeurs scientifiques et techniques

Calendar of Selected Aeronautical and Space Meetings, July 1989 (Calendrier des Manifestations Aeronautiques et Spatiales (Selection), Juillet 1989)

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-01

Matdriaux et Mcanique appliqude 56 08 - Physique de l’Atmosph6re et Environnement terrestre 76 09 - Information, Documentation et Informatique 82 10...S 917, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 22092 US VDE Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: Zentralstelle Tagungen, Stresemannallee 15, D-6000

Calendar of Selected Aeronautical and Space Meetings (Calendrier des Manifestations Aeronautiques et Spatiales (Selection). Juillet-July 1984.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-06-01

Structures, Mat~riaux et M~canique appliquce 47 08 - Physique de l’Atmnosph~re et Environnement terrestre 62 09 - Information, Documentation et...University Institute of Technology: Box 534,75121 Uppsala SW UW University of Wisconsin: Madison, WI 53706 US VDE Verbend Deutacher Elektroteclker

Stress habituation and alterations in perceived stress predict BMI percentile changes across a school year

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Adolescents experience stressful situations at a high rate during school. Indeed, school is the most common source of stress for teens. This high rate of stress may promote increases in adiposity during a developmental period important for establishing the adult physique. Adiposity gains may be th...

Illustrating the body: Cross-sectional and prospective investigations of the impact of life drawing sessions on body image.

PubMed

Swami, Viren

2016-01-30

Life drawing sessions, where individuals produce drawings of the human figure from observations of a live model, may contain embodying elements that promote healthier body image. Two pilot studies were conducted to test this hypothesis. In Study 1, 138 individuals recruited from life drawing sessions in London, UK, estimated how many sessions they had attended in their lifetime and completed measures of negative and positive body image. In women, greater attendance was significantly associated with higher body appreciation and lower drive for thinness and social physique anxiety. In men, greater attendance was significantly associated with higher body appreciation, but not drive for muscularity or social physique anxiety. In Study 2, 37 women took part in a life drawing session for the first time. Compared to pre-session scores, participants had significantly more positive state body image and appearance satisfaction after the session. The findings of these studies suggest that life drawing may promote healthier body image, particularly among women, but further research is needed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Search for the Higgs Boson and for Anomalous Quartic Gauge Boson Couplings in the WW Channel with Dielectron Events with the D0 Experiment at the Tevatron; Recherche du boson de Higgs et de couplages de jauge quartiques anormaux dans le canal WW en électrons dans l'expérience D0 au Tevatron (in French)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chapon, Emilien

Le paysage de la physique des particules a subi des changements majeurs entre le début de cette thèse, en septembre 2010, et sa n en juin 2013. On peut notamment qualier l'année 2012 de date-clé dans l'histoire de la physique des particules. En 2012, une nouvelle particule a été découverte au LHC [1, 2], dont la majeure partie de la communauté s'accorde aujourd'hui à dire qu'il s'agit très probablement du boson de Higgs. Cet événement est intervenu peu après une sorte de passage de relais entre le Tevatron, arrêté le 30 septembre 2011, et le LHC, dont les toutes premièresmore » collisions sont intervenues le 23 novembre 2009.« less

Empirical estimation of the arrival time of ICME Shocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shaltout, Mosalam

Empirical estimation of the arrival time of ICME Shocks Mosalam Shaltout1 ,M.Youssef 1and R.Mawad2 1 National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) ,Helwan -Cairo-Egypt Email: mosalamshaltout@hotmail.com 2 Faculty of Science-Monifiia University-Physics Department-Shiben Al-Koum -Monifiia-Egypt We are got the Data of the SSC events from Preliminary Reports of the ISGI (Institut de Physique du Globe, France) .Also we are selected the same CME interval 1996-2005 from SOHO/LASCO/C2.We have estimated the arrival time of ICME shocks during solar cycle 23rd (1996-2005), we take the Sudden storm commencement SSC as a indicator of the arrival of CMEs at the Earth's Magnetosphere (ICME).Under our model ,we selected 203 ICME shock-SSC associated events, we got an imperial relation between CME velocity and their travel time, from which we obtained high correlation between them, R=0.75.

Vibrations et relaxations dans les molécules biologiques. Apports de la diffusion incohérente inélastique de neutrons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zanotti, J.-M.

2005-11-01

Le présent document ne se veut pas un article de revue mais plutôt un élément d'initiation à une technique encore marginale en Biologie. Le lecteur est supposé être un non spécialiste de la diffusion de neutrons poursuivant une thématique à connotation biologique ou biophysique mettant en jeu des phénomènes dynamiques. En raison de la forte section de diffusion incohérente de l'atome d'hydrogène et de l'abondance de cet élément dans les protéines, la diffusion incohérente inélastique de neutrons est une technique irremplaçable pour sonder la dynamique interne des macromolécules biologiques. Après un rappel succinct des éléments théoriques de base, nous décrivons le fonctionnement de différents types de spectromètres inélastiques par temps de vol sur source continue ou pulsée et discutons leurs mérites respectifs. Les deux alternatives utilisées pour décrire la dynamique des protéines sont abordées: (i)l'une en termes de physique statistique, issue de la physique des verres, (ii) la seconde est une interprétation mécanistique. Nous montrons dans ce cas, comment mettre à profit les complémentarités de domaines en vecteur de diffusion et de résolution en énergie de différents spectromètres inélastiques de neutrons (temps de vol, backscattering et spin-écho) pour accéder, à l'aide d'un modèle physique simple, à la dynamique des protéines sur une échelle de temps allant d'une fraction de picoseconde à quelques nanosecondes.

Fluctuations quantiques et instabilites structurales dans les conducteurs a basse dimensionalite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dikande, Alain Moise

Un engouement particulier s'est manifeste ces dernieres annees pour les systemes electroniques fortement correles, ce en rapport avec l'immense richesse de leurs proprietes physiques. En general, ces proprietes sont induites par la presence d'interactions entre electrons qui, combinees a la structure du reseau moleculaire, donnent parfois lieu a une tres grande variete de phases electroniques et structurales ayant des incidences directes sur les phenomenes de transport dans ces materiaux. Les systemes electroniques couples a un reseau moleculaire et designes systemes electron-phonon font partie de cette classe de materiaux qui ont recemment capte l'attention, en raison notamment de la competition entre plusieurs echelles d'energie dans un environnement caracterise par une forte anisotropie cristalline et une dynamique moleculaire assez importante. En effet, en plus des proprietes electroniques et structurales particulieres la dimensionalite de ces systemes contribue egalement a leur richesse. Ainsi, une tres forte anisotropie structurale peut rehausser de facon considerable l'importance des interactions entre electrons et entre molecules constituant le reseau au point ou la physique du systeme soit regie par de tres fortes fluctuations. Ce dernier contexte est devenu un domaine a part de la physique des systemes fortement correles, a savoir celui des les phenomenes critiques quantiques . Parmi les systemes electron-phonon, on retrouve les composes inorganique KCP et organique TTF-TCNQ decouverts durant les annees 70, et explores en profondeur a cause de leur tendance vers une instabilite du type onde de densite de charge a basse temperature. Ces composes, en general designes systemes de Peierls en reference a l'instabilite de leurs structures electroniques regie par le reseau moleculaire, ont recemment connu un regain d'interet a la lumiere des nouveaux developpements dans les techniques de caracterisation des structures electroniques ainsi que sur le plan de concepts tel le Liquide de Luttinger, propres aux systemes electroniques a une dimension. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Psychological Well-Being and Motivation in a Turkish Physical Education Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Erturan-Ilker, Gökçe

2014-01-01

Using Self Determination as a framework, the purpose of the study was to examine the relationships between basic psychological needs, motivational regulations, self-esteem, subjective vitality, and social physique anxiety in physical education. One thousand and eighty two high school students aged between 14 and 19 [mean (M) = 15.89 ± 0.95 years]…

The Education and Training of Physics Teachers Worldwide. A Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davies, Brian, Ed.

The Group Internationale de Recherche sur l'Enseignment de la Physique (GIREP), known in English as The International Research Group on Physics Teaching, is an independent association for the improvement of physics teaching in schools and, to a lesser extent, at the interface between school and university. Provided in this three-part book is…

Body Image Concerns in College-Aged Male Physical Education Students: A Descriptive Inquiry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olson, Michele S.; Esco, Michael R.; Willifo, Hank

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine body image concerns in college-aged male physical education majors. Sixty volunteers completed validated body image instruments including two-dimensional figure drawings. In general, the sample reported that they preferred a larger, more muscular physique reflective of male images that currently abound the…

Constitutive Behavior and Modeling of Al-Cu Alloy Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

Mechanical Threshold of Dynamically Deformed Copper and Nitronic 40 ." Journal de Physique, 1985: 25- 34. Gama, B. A., S. L. Lopatnikov, and J. W. G...38 3. MODIFIED ZERILLI-ARMSTRONG MODEL .................................... 40 3.1 Introduction... 40 3.2 Former Modifications to ZA Model by Zerilli and Armstrong .. 42 3.3 Modifications to ZA Model

Préface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ouerdane, Youcef; Laporte, Pierre

2005-06-01

L'objectif de la série de colloques UVX est de réunir, au rythme d'une fois tous les deux ans, les scientifiques et industriels travaillant dans le domaine du développement des sources de photon de grande énergie (UV, VUV, et X) et de leurs applications. En particulier cette manifestation est l'occasion de faire se rencontrer une communauté très pluridisciplinaire (physique, chimie, biologie, sciences de l'univers) liée à des domaines en forte évolution technologique (lasers et rayonnement synchrotron notamment). Le colloque UVX 2004 s'est tenu au Palais des Congrès de Saint-Étienne (42000) du 7 au 11 juin 2004. La période écoulée depuis l'édition précédente (Oléron 2002) a été particulièrement active dans tous les domaines concernés : grands projets de sources, méthodes de diagnostic au sens large. Une nouvelle fois on constate que le bref et l'ultra-bref ont une place privilégiée, qu'il s'agisse du travail sur les accélérateurs ou sur les lasers qui, bien sûr, dans la course aux temps courts remportent la palme avec la présence de spécialistes du domaine attoseconde. La communauté représentée a la chance d'être en prise directe avec de très grands projets en phase active de réalisation comme le Laser Megajoule (LMJ), la source SOLEIL, et un projet d'ampleur plus modeste mais remarquable dans son domaine : la source LASERIX d'Orsay/Palaiseau. On pourra citer aussi le projet Arc en Ciel qui, lui, est encore au stade de sa définition. - SOLEIL, source de nouvelle génération de rayonnement synchrotron (plateau de Saclay) est dans une phase active de réalisation : achèvement de l'infrastructure en 2005 et injection du 1o faisceau dans l'anneau de stockage prévu également en 2005. Cette source devrait être la meilleure au monde dans le domaine VUV/X mous, tout en restant très polyvalente (brillance, accordabilité, structure temporelle, polarisation) et complémentaire de l'ESRF. Au final on disposera de 21 lignes de lumière sur onduleurs et 22 sur aimants de courbure. Les premiers “utilisateurs” sont prévus au printemps 2006 avec couverture de l'IR jusqu'aux X durs pour des études variées notamment dans le domaine de la matière condensée. - La LIL (ligne d'intégration laser) du LMJ fonctionne avec 4 faisceaux (de 30 kJ à 351 nm) et un ensemble de diagnostics plasma est en cours de validation (énergie, imagerie X, spectrométrie X). Un souci d'ouverture collaborative (France et étranger) est affiché. - LASERIX (LIXAM, LOA) a pour but de doter les scientifiques français d'un laser émettant en “quasi-routine” de l'émission laser X à 6 tirs/mn basée sur différents schémas collisionnels et donc différentes longueurs d'ondes, et mettant en oeuvre un laser saphir-titane ultra bref de 40 J pour la génération plasma. - Le projet Arc en Ciel (CEA, LOA) se penche sur la possibilité de mise en oeuvre d'une source de “4^ogénération”. Ces sources se veulent à la fois brillantes, cohérentes, dans la gamme des 100 femtosecondes, ce qui conduit à tourner le dos aux anneaux de stockage pour se focaliser sur la combinaison accélérateur linéaire/onduleur, complétée par un laser saphir-titane (génération d'harmoniques UV/X dans des gaz). - Une avancée particulièrement intéressante a été récemment réalisée, notamment au LOA, par injection d'un laser X (plasma) par un faisceau X de bonne qualité (polarisation, divergence, temps, contraste...) issu de la génération d'harmoniques élevées par une chaîne saphir-titane femto. - On notera aussi les avancées réalisées dans le domaine des sources incohérentes de forte intensité dans le domaine des X par interaction optimisée de l'interaction laser de puissance-agrégats (GPS-Paris 6 et 7, CEA Saclay), ainsi que par techniques X-pinch à fils à foyer de 10 microns (LPTP-École Polytechnique). - La génération d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés à partir de chaînes laser amplifiées a continué à faire l'objet de très belles études, d'une part par génération dans les gaz et l'obtention bien maîtrisée et caractérisée de rayonnement attoseconde utilisé maintenant pour des mesures effectives de processus électroniques au sein des atomes, et d'autre part par focalisation sur cible solide. Ces derniers travaux (CEA et LOA), par mise en oeuvre du concept de “miroir plasma” qui combat l'ASE, ont permis de monter que la génération d'harmoniques cohérents sur solide était effective. - Dans le domaine des sources UV deux exposés ont présenté l'état de l'art des sources diodes ellesmêmes (LED et Lasers), ainsi que le développement des sources laser ps haute cadence (multikHz/MHz) avec génération d'harmoniques, de puissance moyenne élevée adaptée à de nombreux secteurs applicatifs (traitement des matériaux, biologie, microscopie...). L'aspect “sources”, au sens large était, on le voit, particulièrement représenté avec de belles perspectives pour les années qui viennent. Au delà de ces développements, les sources X ont été utilisées pour des réalisations instrumentales intéressantes dans le domaine de la microscopie X, de la microscopie interférentielle, et de la reconstruction 3D. De tels travaux sont susceptibles de rapides transferts en direction du secteur bio/santé. On notera également l'avancée que représente la réalisation d'un spectromètre à transformée de Fourier pour VUV/XUV (LCFIO/LPPM/SOLEIL). Le domaine du diagnostic, de la mesure, et de la modélisation dans les plasmas est, lui aussi, très actif avec des outils expérimentaux et théoriques très conséquents : modélisation des propriétés spectrales des ions multichargés (CEA-DAM) ; coefficients d'absorption de plasmas lasers (CEA-DSM, LULI, CEA-DAM) ; spectres d'absorption X dans les plasmas femtosecondes incluant des expériences type “pompe-sonde” résolues spatialement et spectralement (LULI, CEA-DAM, CELIA) ; interaction laseratome/molécule en régime UVX ultra-bref (CELIA)... Dans le domaine que l'on peut appeler, au sens large, “travail des matériaux”, on distinguera particulièrement les avancées dans le domaine de la microlithographie “prévues” par road map, avec l'arrivée semble-t-il inéluctable des technologies UVX à 13,5 nm. Les enjeux économiques favorisent des avancées technologiques multiples (optiques multicouches en réflexion, sources...). Par ailleurs l'aptitude des technologies femto pour l'ablation quasi athermique (micro-usinage) et le dépôt de couches minces spécifiques se confirme tout à fait. Enfin, à fluence plus faible, l'outil laser reste un instrument de choix pour l'étude de l'interaction photon-surface : désorption sous illumination laser à excimères à 157 nm et photoémission/photoconductivité du diamant sous éclairement ultra-bref de l'infrarouge à l'UVX. Nous tenons à remercier les membres du comité d'organisation, le comité scientifique et les différents partenaires, institutionnels et industriels, qui par leur soutien ont permis que le colloque UVX puisse se dérouler. Ce colloque a été parrainé par plusieurs départements du CNRS, la Délégation Générale de l'Armement (DGA), le CEA DRECAM, le CEA DAM, le Conseil Général de la Loire, l'Université Jean MONNET de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne Métropole, la ville de Saint-Étienne, Le Pôle Optique Rhône-Alpes, la Société Française d'Optique et le Groupement de Recherche “SAXO” du CNRS. À tous, nous donnons rendez-vous à Caen pour UVX-2006. Youcef OUERDANE Pierre LAPORTE

Ensemble des troubles causés par l'alcoolisation fœtale : lignes directrices canadiennes concernant le diagnostic

PubMed Central

Chudley, Albert E.; Conry, Julianne; Cook, Jocelynn L.; Loock, Christine; Rosales, Ted; LeBlanc, Nicole

2005-01-01

Résumé LE DIAGNOSTIC DE L'ENSEMBLE DES TROUBLES CAUSÉS PAR L'ALCOOLISATION FÉTALE (ETCAF) est complexe et l'élaboration de lignes directrices concernant le diagnostic est justifiée. Un sous-comité du Comité consultatif national de l'Agence de santé publique du Canada sur l'Ensemble des troubles causés par l'alcoolisation fœtale a examiné, analysé et intégré les méthodes de diagnostic actuelles afin de parvenir à une méthode de diagnostic normalisée faisant le consensus au Canada. L'objet du présent document est d'examiner et de clarifier l'utilisation des systèmes de diagnostic actuels et de formuler des recommandations quant à leur application pour le diagnostic des déficiences liées à l'ETCAF chez des individus de tous les âges. Les lignes directrices sont fondées sur un vaste consensus de praticiens et d'autres intervenants spécialisés dans le domaine. Ces lignes directrices ont été organisées en sept catégories, soit le dépistage et l'orientation vers les spécialistes, l'examen physique et le diagnostic différentiel, l'évaluation du comportement neurologique, le traitement et le suivi, les antécédents de consommation d'alcool de la mère pendant la grossesse, les critères du diagnostic pour le syndrome d'alcoolisation fœtale (SAF), SAF partiel et troubles neurologiques du développement liés à l'alcool, l'harmonisation de l'Institute of Medicine (IOM) et des approches du Code diagnostique à 4 chiffres. Le diagnostic exige une évaluation complète des antécédents, ainsi qu'un examen physique et du comportement neurologique, tout en recourant à une approche multidisciplinaire. Les présentes lignes directrices pour le diagnostic du syndrome d'alcoolisation fœtale et des déficiences qui y sont associées sont les premières à avoir été élaborées au Canada et elles sont fondées sur la consultation d'un grand éventail de spécialistes du diagnostic.

PREFACE Spectral and transport properties of quantum systems: in memory of Pierre Duclos (1948-2010) Spectral and transport properties of quantum systems: in memory of Pierre Duclos (1948-2010)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2010-11-01

This issue is devoted to our colleague and friend Pierre Duclos who passed away suddenly and prematurely in Prague on 12 January this year. We want to honour his memory in the way he would have liked, by collecting fresh and original work from his area of interest. Pierre Duclos was born on 8 January 1948 in Paris. He started as an engineering student but also attended graduate courses at the Centre de Physique Théorique (CPT) in Marseille, which inspired him to change his path and pursue the professional career of a researcher. He joined the Mathematical Physics team at CPT and obtained a position at the University of Toulon, where he later became a full professor. He was never solitary; always being full of energy and a smart and sociable person, he started and maintained many international collaborations and organized numerous conferences and seminars. In the early eighties he had strong ties with the Free and Technical Universities of Berlin. From the beginning of the nineties, he collaborated with coleagues in Prague, Bucharest, Santiago de Chile, and more recently also in Aalborg and Dublin. His scientific interests were wide, with a focus on mathematical methods of quantum theory. He made important contributions to our understanding of multiple-well Schrödinger operators, geometrically-induced properties of quantum waveguides, spectra of Wannier-Stark systems, dynamics with time-periodic perturbations, and transport in mesoscopic systems, to name his most significant results. We choose for this issue the title `Spectral and transport properties of quantum systems' which cover the subjects of most papers to which his colleagues, and often coauthors, contributed. We have also included a few other papers with topics related to Pierre's work. We are glad we were able to gather a numerous collection of papers which in our view represent interesting new developments. A few of them are works which bear Pierre's signature and have been completed by his collaborators. Moreover, we are aware of several other works which their authors dedicated to Pierre's memory but which for some reason or another did not make it to this issue. A list of these papers can be found at the end of the preface. This multitude of memorial papers shows that Pierre was popular not only as a colleague, coauthor, and teacher, but also as a person. Those who had the good fortune to work with him will always recall his blend of hard-working habits, strong views, and human warmth, which made him so unique. He will be remembered with gratitude and admiration by all who knew him well. We will miss him a lot. Jean-Michel Combes, Université du Sud Toulon-Var and Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS Marseille, France Pavel Exner, Doppler Institute and Department of Theoretical Physics, Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences Valentin A Zagrebnov, Université de la Mediterranée and Centre de Physique Théorique, CNRS Marseille, France Guest Editors Other works dedicated to Pierre's memory: Aschbacher W, Barbaroux J-M, Faupin J and Guillot J-C 2010 Spectral theory for a mathematical model of weak interactions: the decay of the intermediate bosons W+/-. II Annales Henri Poincaré at press Bellissard J and Palmer I 2009 The Jewett-Krieger construction for tilings arXiv:0906.2997 Gesztesy F and Zinchenko M 2010 Symmetrized perturbation determinants and applications to boundary data maps and Krein-type resolvent formulas arXiv:1007.4605 Kostrykin V, Potthoff J and Schrader R 2010 Brownian motions on metric graphs: Feller Brownian motions on intervals revisited arXiv:1008.3761 Stollmann P 2010 From uncertainty principles to Wegner estimates Math. Phys. Anal. Geom. 13 145-57

Facteurs prédictifs de succès des étudiants en première année de médecine à l'université de Parakou

PubMed Central

Adoukonou, Thierry; Tognon-Tchegnonsi, Francis; Mensah, Emile; Allodé, Alexandre; Adovoekpe, Jean-Marie; Gandaho, Prosper; Akpona, Simon

2016-01-01

Introduction Plusieurs facteurs dont les notes obtenues au BAC peuvent influencer les performances académiques des étudiants en première année de médecine. L'objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la relation entre les résultats des étudiants au BAC et le succès en première année de médecine. Méthodes Nous avons réalisé une étude analytique ayant inclus l'ensemble des étudiants régulièrement inscrits en première année à la Faculté de Médecine de l'université de Parakou durant l'année académique 2010-2011. Les données concernant les notes par discipline et mention obtenue au BAC ont été collectées. Une analyse multivariée utilisant la régression logistique et la régression linéaire multiple a permis d’établir les meilleurs prédicteurs du succès et de la moyenne de l’étudiant en fin d'année. Le logiciel SPSS version 17.0 a été utilisé pour l'analyse des données et un p<0,05 a été considéré comme statistiquement significatif. Résultats Parmi les 414 étudiants régulièrement inscrits les données de 407 ont pu être exploitées. Ils étaient âgés de 15 à 31 ans; 262 (64,4%) étaient de sexe masculin. 98 étaient admis avec un taux de succès de 23,7%. Le sexe masculin, la note obtenue en mathématiques, en sciences physiques, la moyenne au BAC et la mention étaient associés au succès en fin d'année mais en analyse multivariée seule une note en sciences physiques > 15/20 était associée au succès (OR: 2,8 [1,32- 6,00]). Pour la moyenne générale obtenue en fin d'année seule une mention bien obtenue au BAC était associée (coefficient de l'erreur standard: 0,130 Bêta =0,370 et p=0,00001). Conclusion Les meilleurs prédicateurs du succès en première année étaient une bonne moyenne en sciences physiques au BAC et une mention bien. La prise en compte de ces éléments dans le recrutement des étudiants en première année pourrait améliorer les résultats académiques. PMID:27313819

Effect of Eight-Week Exercise Program on Social Physique Anxiety Conditions in Adult Males

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akyüz, Öznur

2017-01-01

Physiological changes occurring with physical activity have played role in appearance of a different field of study. Thus, examination of the effect of eight-week exercise program on SPA in adult males forms the purpose of the study. 20 sedentary males aged 18-25 voluntarily participated in the research. Volunteers were applied resistance exercise…

Psychometric Validation of the Brief Adaptation to Disability Scale-Revised for Persons with Spinal Cord Injury in Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Chen-Ping; Wang, Chia-Chiang; Fujikawa, Mayu; Brooks, Jessica; Eastvold-Walton, Lissa; Maxwell, Kristin; Chan, Fong

2013-01-01

Purpose: To examine the measurement structure of the Brief Adaptation to Disability Scale-Revised (B-ADS-R). Measure: A 12-item measure of disability acceptance based on the four value changes (enlarging the scope of values, containing the effects of the disability, subordinating the physique, and transforming comparative-status values to asset…

Low Temperature Quartz Crystal Oscillator Fast Warm-Up Saw Oscillator.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-07-01

TASK_Q Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueARA&WKLI k Laboratoire de Physique et Metrologie des!2 Oscillateurs - 50 Bsnon-F 2 3 32 av. o l...propri6t6s non lin6aires des ondes Alastiques de sur- face : applications aux oscillateurs et aux capteurs A quartz", Thse Besanqon, 1979. (6) D. Hauden, G

Partager : des technologies de pointe au service de la société

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2011-02-14

Médecine, climatologie, métrologie et informatique, les techniques utilisées par le LHC trouvent déjà des répercussions dans d’autres domaines scientifiques. Utilisant des techniques inédites, la physique des particules en fait bénéficier la société toute entière.

Body physique and proportionality of Brazilian female artistic gymnasts.

PubMed

Bacciotti, Sarita; Baxter-Jones, Adam; Gaya, Adroaldo; Maia, José

2018-04-01

This study aimed to identify physique characteristics (anthropometry, somatotype, body proportionality) of Brazilian female artistic gymnasts, and to compare them across competitive levels (sub-elite versus non-elite) within competitive age-categories. Two hundred forty-nine female gymnasts (68 sub-elite; 181 non-elite) from 26 Brazilian gymnastics clubs, aged 9-20 years and split into four age-categories, were sampled. Gymnasts were assessed for 16 anthropometric traits (height, weight, lengths, widths, girths, and skinfolds); somatotype was determined according to Heath-Carter method, body fat was estimated by bioimpedance, and proportionality was computed based on the z-phantom strategy. Non-elite and sub-elite gymnasts had similar values in anthropometric characteristics, however non-elite had higher fat folds in all age-categories (P < 0.01). In general, mesomorphy was the salient somatotype component in all age-categories, and an increase in endomorphy, followed by a decrease in ectomorphy across age was observed. Regarding proportionality, profile similarity was found between sub-elite and non-elite within age-categories. In conclusion results suggest the presence of a typical gymnast's physical prototype across age and competitive level, which can be useful to coaches during their selection processes in clubs and regional/national teams.

Sex differences in relative foot length and perceived attractiveness of female feet: relationships among anthropometry, physique, and preference ratings.

PubMed

Voracek, Martin; Fisher, Maryanne L; Rupp, Barbara; Lucas, Deanna; Fessler, Daniel M T

2007-06-01

Foot size proportionate to stature is smaller in women than in men, and small feet apparently contribute to perceived physical attractiveness of females. This exploratory study investigated the sex difference in relative foot length and interrelations among foot length, physique, and foot preference ratings in samples from Austria and Canada, each comprised of 75 men and 75 women. The findings included the following lines of evidence: the sex difference in relative foot length replicated in both data sets; the magnitude of this sex effect was large. Relative foot length was smaller in young, nulliparous, and slim women. Pointed-toe and high-heel shoes were more likely worn by smaller, lighter, and slimmer women. Men reported liking women's feet in general more than vice versa. A vast majority of both men and women favored small feet in women, but large feet in men. One's own foot size appeared to correspond to evaluations of attractiveness; particularly, women with small feet preferred small feet in women in general. The preference for small feet in women was convergent across different methods of evaluating attractiveness. Directions for investigations in this emerging field of research on physical attractiveness are discussed.

Etude vibroacoustique d'un systeme coque-plancher-cavite avec application a un fuselage simplifie

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Missaoui, Jemai

L'objectif de ce travail est de developper des modeles semi-analytiques pour etudier le comportement structural, acoustique et vibro-acoustique d'un systeme coque-plancher-cavite. La connection entre la coque et le plancher est assuree en utilisant le concept de rigidite artificielle. Ce concept de modelisation flexible facilite le choix des fonctions de decomposition du mouvement de chaque sous-structure. Les resultats issus de cette etude vont permettre la comprehension des phenomenes physiques de base rencontres dans une structure d'avion. Une approche integro-modale est developpee pour calculer les caracteristiques modales acoustiques. Elle utilise une discretisation de la cavite irreguliere en sous-cavites acoustiques dont les bases de developpement sont connues a priori. Cette approche, a caractere physique, presente l'avantage d'etre efficace et precise. La validite de celle-ci a ete demontree en utilisant des resultats disponibles dans la litterature. Un modele vibro-acoustique est developpe dans un but d'analyser et de comprendre les effets structuraux et acoustiques du plancher dans la configuration. La validite des resultats, en termes de resonance et de fonction de transfert, est verifiee a l'aide des mesures experimentales realisees au laboratoire.

Exercise in middle-aged adults: self-efficacy and self-presentational outcomes.

PubMed

McAuley, E; Bane, S M; Mihalko, S L

1995-07-01

Whereas self-efficacy expectations have been identified as important determinants of exercise participation patterns, little empirical work that examines efficacy expectations as outcomes of exercise participation or their theoretical relationship to other psychological outcomes associated with exercise has been conducted. In the context of middle-aged males and females, the present study attempted to integrate social cognitive and impression management perspectives with respect to anxiety associated with exercise. Formerly sedentary subjects participated in a 5-month exercise program with assessments of physique anxiety, efficacy, outcome expectations, and anthropometric variables prior to and following the program. Both acute bouts and long-term participation in exercise resulted in significant increases in self-efficacy. In turn, these changes in efficacy and initial positive outcome expectations were significant predictors of reductions in physique anxiety, even when controlling for the influence of gender and reductions in body fat, weight, and circumferences. The findings are discussed in terms of the implications for structure and content of exercise environments and the utility of the proposed theoretical integration. Strategies for enhancing beliefs regarding health and fitness outcomes associated with exercise rather than appearance outcomes may be required to maximize reductions in negative body image.

Experimental study of a high intensity radio-frequency cooler

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boussaid, Ramzi; Ban, G.; Cam, J. F.

2015-07-01

Within the framework of the DESIR/SPIRAL-2 project, a radio-frequency quadrupole cooler named SHIRaC has been studied. SHIRaC is a key device of SPIRAL-2, designed to enhance the beam quality required by DESIR. The preliminary study and development of this device has been carried out at Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire de CAEN (LPC Caen), France. The goal of this paper is to present the experimental studies conducted on a SHIRaC prototype. The main peculiarity of this cooler is its efficient handling and cooling of ion beams with currents going up as high as 1 μ A which has never before been achieved in any of the previous coolers. Much effort has been made lately into these studies for development of appropriate optics, vacuum and rf systems which allow cooling of beams of large emittance (˜80 π mm mrad ) and high current. The dependencies of SHIRaC's transmission and the cooled beam parameters in terms of geometrical transverse emittance and the longitudinal energy spread have also been discussed. Investigation of beam purity at optimum cooling condition has also been done. Results from the experiments indicate that an emittance reduction of less than 2.5 π mm mrad and a longitudinal energy spread reduction of less than 4 eV are obtained with more than 70% of ion transmission. The emittance is at expected values whereas the energy spread is not.

List of Participants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2008-11-01

Mohab Abou ZeidInstitut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette Ido AdamMax-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (AEI), Potsdam Henrik AdorfLeibniz Universität Hannover Mohammad Ali-AkbariIPM, Tehran Antonio Amariti Università di Milano-Bicocca Nicola Ambrosetti Université de Neuchâtel Martin Ammon Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Christopher AndreyÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Laura AndrianopoliPolitecnico di Torino David AndriotLPTHE, Université UPMC Paris VI Carlo Angelantonj Università di Torino Pantelis ApostolopoulosUniversitat de les Illes Balears, Palma Gleb ArutyunovInstitute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University Davide AstolfiUniversità di Perugia Spyros AvramisUniversité de Neuchâtel Mirela BabalicChalmers University, Göteborg Foday BahDigicom Ioannis Bakas University of Patras Igor BandosUniversidad de Valencia Jose L F BarbonIFTE UAM/CSIC Madrid Till BargheerMax-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (AEI), Potsdam Marco Baumgartl Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich James BedfordImperial College London Raphael BenichouLaboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Francesco Benini SISSA, Trieste Eric Bergshoeff Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen Alice BernamontiVrije Universiteit, Brussel Julia BernardLaboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Adel Bilal Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Marco Billo' Università di Torino Matthias Blau Université de Neuchâtel Guillaume BossardAlbert-Einstein-Institut, Golm Leonardo BriziÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Johannes BroedelLeibniz Universität Hannover (AEI) Tom BrownQueen Mary, University of London Ilka BrunnerEidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Erling BrynjolfssonUniversity of Iceland Dmitri BykovSteklov Institute, Moscow and Trinity College, Dublin Joan CampsUniversitat de Barcelona Davide CassaniLaboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Alejandra CastroUniversity of Michigan Claudio Caviezel Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Alessio Celi Universitat de Barcelona Anna Ceresole Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Università di Torino Athanasios ChatzistavrakidisNational Technical University of Athens Wissam ChemissanyCentre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen Eugen-Mihaita CioroianuUniversity of Craiova Andres CollinucciTechnische Universität Wien Paul CookUniversità di Roma, Tor Vergata Lorenzo CornalbaUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Aldo CotroneKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Ben Craps Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Stefano Cremonesi SISSA, Trieste Riccardo D'AuriaPolitecnico di Torino Gianguido Dall'AgataUniversity of Padova Jose A de AzcarragaUniversidad de Valencia Jan de BoerInstituut voor Theoretische Fysica, Universiteit van Amsterdam Sophie de BuylInstitut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette Marius de LeeuwUtrecht University Frederik De RooVrije Universiteit, Brussel Jan De Rydt Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and CERN, Geneva Bernard de WitInstitute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University Stephane DetournayIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano Paolo Di Vecchia Niels Bohr Institute, København Eugen DiaconuUniversity of Craiova Vladimir Dobrev Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia Nick DoreyUniversity of Cambridge Hajar Ebrahim NajafabadiIPM, Tehran Federico Elmetti Università di Milano Oleg Evnin Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Francesco Fiamberti Università di Milano Davide Forcella SISSA, Trieste and CERN, Geneva Valentina Forini Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Angelos Fotopoulos Università di Torino Denis Frank Université de Neuchâtel Marialuisa Frau Università di Torino Matthias Gaberdiel Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Diego Gallego SISSA/ISAS, Trieste Maria Pilar Garcia del MoralIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Università di Torino Valentina Giangreco Marotta PulettiUppsala University Valeria L GiliQueen Mary, University of London Luciano GirardelloUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Gian GiudiceCERN, Geneva Kevin Goldstein Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University Joaquim Gomis Universitat de Barcelona Pietro Antonio GrassiUniversità del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria Viviane GraßLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Gianluca Grignani Università di Perugia Luca Griguolo Università di Parma Johannes GrosseJagiellonian University, Krakow Umut Gursoy École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Norberto Gutierrez RodriguezUniversity of Oviedo Babak HaghighatPhysikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn Troels Harmark Niels Bohr Institute, København Robert HaslhoferEidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Tae-Won HaPhysikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn Alexander HauptImperial College London and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (AEI), Potsdam Marc HenneauxUniversité Libre de Bruxelles Johannes HennLAPTH, Annecy-le-Vieux Shinji HiranoNiels Bohr Institute, København Stefan HoheneggerEidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Jan HomannLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Gabriele Honecker CERN, Geneva Joost HoogeveenInstituut voor Theoretische Fysica, Universiteit van Amsterdam Mechthild HuebscherUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid Chris HullImperial College London Carmen-Liliana IonescuUniversity of Craiova Ella JasminUniversité Libre de Bruxelles Konstantin KanishchevInstitute of Theoretical Physics, University of Warsaw Stefanos Katmadas Utrecht University Alexandros KehagiasNational Technical University of Athens Christoph Keller Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Patrick Kerner Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Rebiai KhaledLaboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Physique Subatomique, Université Mentouri, Constantine Elias Kiritsis Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau and University of Crete Denis KleversPhysikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn Paul Koerber Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Simon Koers Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Karl KollerLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Peter Koroteev Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow and Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (AEI), Potsdam Alexey KoshelevVrije Universiteit, Brussel Costas KounnasÉcole Normale Supérieure, Paris Daniel KreflCERN, Geneva Charlotte KristjansenNiels Bohr Institute, København Finn LarsenCERN, Geneva and University of Michigan Arnaud Le DiffonÉcole Normale Supérieure, Lyon Michael LennekCentre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Alberto Lerda Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria Andreas LiberisUniversity of Patras Maria A Lledo Universidad de Valencia Oscar Loaiza-Brito CINVESTAV, Mexico Florian Loebbert Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (AEI), Potsdam Yolanda Lozano University of Oviedo Dieter Luest Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Tomasz Łukowski Jagiellonian University, Krakow Diego Mansi University of Crete Alberto Mariotti Università di Milano-Bicocca Raffaele Marotta Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Napoli Alessio Marrani Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and LNF, Firenze Andrea Mauri University of Crete Liuba Mazzanti École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Sean McReynoldsUniversità di Milano-Bicocca AKM Moinul Haque Meaze Chittagong University Patrick Meessen Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Carlo MeneghelliUniversità di Parma and Albert-Einstein-Institut, Golm Lotta Mether University of Helsinki and CERN, Geneva René Meyer Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Georgios MichalogiorgakisCenter de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Giuseppe Milanesi Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Samuel Monnier Université de Genève Wolfgang MueckUniversità di Napoli Federico II Elena Méndez Escobar University of Edinburgh Iulian Negru University of Craiova Emil NissimovInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia Teake NutmaCentre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen Niels Obers Niels Bohr Institute, København Olof Ohlsson SaxUppsala University Rodrigo OleaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano Domenico OrlandoUniversité de Neuchâtel Marta Orselli Niels Bohr Institute, København Tomas OrtinInstituto de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Yaron OzTel Aviv University Enrico PajerLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Angel Paredes GalanUtrecht University Sara PasquettiUniversité de Neuchâtel Silvia PenatiUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Jan PerzKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Igor PesandoUniversità di Torino Tassos PetkouUniversity of Crete Marios PetropoulosCenter de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Franco PezzellaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli Moises Picon PonceUniversity of Padova Marco PirroneUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Andrea PrinslooUniversity of Cape Town Joris RaeymaekersKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Alfonso RamalloUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Carlo Alberto RattiUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Marco RauchPhysikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn Ronald Reid-EdwardsUniversity of Hamburg Patricia RitterUniversity of Edinburgh Peter RoenneDESY, Hamburg Jan RosseelUniversità di Torino Clement RuefService de Physique Théorique, CEA Saclay Felix RustMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Thomas RyttovNiels Bohr Institute, København and CERN, Geneva Agustin Sabio VeraCERN, Geneva Christian SaemannTrinity College, Dublin Houman Safaai SISSA, Trieste Henning SamtlebenÉcole Normale Supérieure, Lyon Alberto SantambrogioIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano Silviu Constantin SararuUniversity of Craiova Ricardo SchiappaCERN, Geneva Ionut Romeo SchiopuChalmers University, Göteborg Cornelius Schmidt-ColinetEidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Johannes SchmudeSwansea University Waldemar SchulginLaboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris Domenico SeminaraUniversità di Firenze Alexander SevrinVrije Universiteit, Brussel Konstadinos SfetsosUniversity of Patras Igor ShenderovichSt Petersburg State University Jonathan ShockUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Massimo SianiUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Christoph SiegUniversità Degli Studi di Milano Joan SimonUniversity of Edinburgh Paul SmythUniversity of Hamburg Luca SommovigoUniversidad de Valencia Dmitri Sorokin Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Padova Christos SourdisUniversity of Patras Wieland StaessensVrije Universiteit, Brussel Ivan StefanovUniversity of Patras Sigurdur StefanssonUniversity of Iceland Kellogg Stelle Imperial College London Giovanni Tagliabue Università di Milano Laura Tamassia Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Javier TarrioUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Dimitri TerrynVrije Universiteit, Brussel Larus Thorlacius University of Iceland Mario ToninDipartimento Di Fisica, Sezione Di Padova Mario Trigiante Politecnico di Torino Efstratios TsatisUniversity of Patras Arkady TseytlinImperial College London Pantelis TziveloglouCornell University, New York and CERN, Geneva Angel Uranga CERN, Geneva Dieter Van den Bleeken Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Ernst van Eijk Università di Napoli Federico II Antoine Van Proeyen Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Maaike van ZalkUtrecht University Pierre Vanhove Service de Physique Théorique, CEA Saclay Silvia Vaula Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Cristian Vergu Service de Physique Théorique, CEA Saclay Alessandro VichiÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Marlene WeissCERN, Geneva and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich Sebastian Weiss Université de Neuchâtel Alexander WijnsUniversity of Iceland Linus WulffUniversity of Padova Thomas WyderKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Ahmed YoussefAstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Université Paris Diderot Daniela ZanonUniversità Degli Studi di Milano Andrea ZanziPhysikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn Andrey ZayakinInstitute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow Tobias ZinggUniversity of Iceland Dimitrios ZoakosUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Emanuele ZorzanUniversità di Milano Konstantinos ZoubosNiels Bohr Institute, København

Thermofluid effect on energy storage in fluidized bed reactor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahfoudi, Nadjiba; El Ganaoui, Mohammed; Moummi, Abdelhafid

2016-05-01

The development of innovative systems of heat storage is imperative to improve the efficiency of the existing systems used in the thermal solar energy applications. Several techniques were developed and realized in this context. The technology of the sand fluidized bed (sandTES) offers a promising alternative to the current state-of-the-art of the heat storage systems, such as fixed bed using a storage materials, as sand, ceramic, and stones, etc. Indeed, the use of the fluidization technique allows an effective heat transfer to the solid particles. With the sand, an important capacity of storage is obtained by an economic and ecological material [N. Mahfoudi, A. Moummi, M. El Ganaoui, Appl. Mech. Mater. 621, 214 (2014); N. Mahfoudi, A. Khachkouch, A. Moummi B. Benhaoua, M. El Ganaoui, Mech. Ind. 16, 411 (2015); N. Mahfoudi, A. Moummi, M. El Ganaoui, F. Mnasri, K.M. Aboudou, 3e Colloque internationale Francophone d"énergétique et mécanique, Comores, 2014, p. 91]. This paper presents a CFD simulation of the hydrodynamics and the thermal transient behavior of a fluidized bed reactor of sand, to determine the characteristics of storage. The simulation shows a symmetry breaking that occurs and gave way to chaotic transient generation of bubble formation after 3 s. Furthermore, the predicted average temperature of the solid phase (sand) increases gradually versus the time with a gain of 1 °C in an interval of 10 s. Contribution to the topical issue "Materials for Energy Harvesting, Conversion and Storage (ICOME 2015) - Elected submissions", edited by Jean-Michel Nunzi, Rachid Bennacer and Mohammed El Ganaoui

Evaluation de L’Effet du Vieillissement des Equipages sur les Consequences du Decalage Horaire (Evaluation of Crew Members Aging on Jet-Lag Consequences)

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-08-01

Ergonomia , 1987, 30, 13 79- physique que psychologique. Cela tend A damontrer que 1393. dans des conditions militaires op~rationnelles, les 2...melatonin. Ergonomia , 1987, 30, 1379- 1393. 2 - BLOIS R, FEINBERG I., GAILLARD J.M., KUPFER D.J. and WEBB W.B. Sleep in normal and pathological aging

The Canadian Human Rights Act. Physical Handicap and Employment = Loi canadienne sur les droits de la personne. Le handicap physique et l'emploi.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canadian Human Rights Commission, Ottawa (Ontario).

This booklet presents administrative criteria for implementation of the Canadian Human Rights Act to be used by the Canadian Human Rights Commission to evaluate employment decisions affecting physically handicapped individuals. They are of value to employers who need to know how the Commission will analyze employer arguments that they have not…

Immersion francaise precoce: Education physique 1-7 (Early French Immersion: Physical Education for Grades 1-7).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burt, Andy; And Others

This curriculum guide for physical education is intended for use in grades 1-7 in the early French immersion program. It is a translation of the regular physical education program and a compilation of references and supplementary teaching material. It is noted that because of the comparative lack of references in French, much of the reference…

InSight Prelaunch Briefing

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-05-03

Philippe Lognonné, SEIS investigation lead, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) discusses NASA's InSight mission during a prelaunch media briefing, Thursday, May 3, 2018, at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. InSight, short for Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport, is a Mars lander designed to study the "inner space" of Mars: its crust, mantle, and core. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Physics 30: Grade 12 Diploma Examination = Physique 30: Examen en vue du diplome 12 annee.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Dept. of Education, Edmonton. Student Evaluation Branch.

This document, in both English and French versions, is the Physics 30 Grade 12 Diploma Examination from Alberta Education. It is a 2.5 hour closed-book examination consisting of 37 multiple-choice and 12 numerical-response questions of equal value that are worth 70% of the examination, and 2 written-response questions of equal value worth 30% of…

Énergie photovoltaïque : matériaux utilisés et perspectives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marfaing, Y.

2002-04-01

Les matériaux pour la conversion photovoltaïque sont des semi-conducteurs dont la largeur de bande interdite peut se situer dans l'intervalle 1 - 1,8 eV. Les principes physiques de l'effet photovoltaïque sont d'abord rappelés afin de mettre en évidence les relations nécessaires entre les caractéristiques optiques et électroniques du semi-conducteur et l'épaisseur de la structure de conversion ou cellule. Les matériaux actuellement utilisés ou étudiés sont ensuite passés en revue en commençant par le silicium cristallin massif puis en décrivant le vaste secteur des couches minces : silicium amorphe, composés polycristallins, silicium cristallisé en film mince. Les développements attendus dans chacune de ces filières sont présentés ainsi que les recherches en cours sur d'autres types de matériaux et de structures.

Observation des cycles enzymatiques des ADN topoisomérases par micromanipulation de molécules individuelles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strick, Terence R.; Charvin, Gilles; Dekker, Nynke H.; Allemand, Jean-François; Bensimon, David; Croquette, Vincent

In this article, we describe single-molecule assays using magnetic traps and we applied these assays to topoisomerase enzymes which unwind and disentangle DNA molecules. First, the elasticity of single DNA molecule is characterized using the magnetic trap. We show that a twisting constraint may be easily applied and that its effect upon DNA may be measured accurately. Then we describe how the topoisomerase activity may be observed at the single-molecule level giving direct access to the important biological parameters of the enzyme such as velocity and processivity. Furthermore, individual cycles of unwinding can be observed in real time. This permits an accurate characterization of the enzyme's biochemical cycle. The data treatment required to identify and analyze individual topoisomerization cycles will be presented in detail. This analysis is applicable to a wide variety of molecular motors. To cite this article: T.R. Strick et al., C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 595-618.

A new high quality X-ray source for Cultural Heritage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walter, Philippe; Variola, Alessandro; Zomer, Fabian; Jaquet, Marie; Loulergue, Alexandre

2009-09-01

Compton based photon sources have generated much interest since the rapid advance in laser and accelerator technologies has allowed envisaging their utilisation for ultra-compact radiation sources. These should provide X-ray short pulses with a relatively high average flux. Moreover, the univocal dependence between the scattered photon energy and its angle gives the possibility of obtaining a quasi-monochromatic beam with a simple diaphragm system. For the most ambitious projects the expected performance takes into account a rate of 10-10 photons/s, with an angular divergence of few mrad, an X-ray energy cut-off of few tens of keV and a bandwidth ΔE/E˜1-10%. Even if the integrated rate cannot compete with synchrotron radiation sources, the cost and the compactness of these Compton based machines make them attractive for a wide spectrum of applications. We explore here the interest of these systems for Cultural Heritage preservation. To cite this article: P. Walter et al., C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

Remarks on worldsheet theories dual to free large N gauge theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aharony, Ofer; SITP, Department of Physics and SLAC, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; David, Justin R.

2007-05-15

We continue to investigate properties of the worldsheet conformal field theories (CFTs) which are conjectured to be dual to free large N gauge theories, using the mapping of Feynman diagrams to the worldsheet suggested in [R. Gopakumar, Phys. Rev. D 70, 025009 (2004); ibid.70, 025010 (2004); C. R. Physique 5, 1111 (2004); Phys. Rev. D 72, 066008 (2005)]. The modular invariance of these CFTs is shown to be built into the formalism. We show that correlation functions in these CFTs which are localized on subspaces of the moduli space may be interpreted as delta-function distributions, and that this can bemore » consistent with a local worldsheet description given some constraints on the operator product expansion coefficients. We illustrate these features by a detailed analysis of a specific four-point function diagram. To reliably compute this correlator, we use a novel perturbation scheme which involves an expansion in the large dimension of some operators.« less

Sub-domain methods for collaborative electromagnetic computations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soudais, Paul; Barka, André

2006-06-01

In this article, we describe a sub-domain method for electromagnetic computations based on boundary element method. The benefits of the sub-domain method are that the computation can be split between several companies for collaborative studies; also the computation time can be reduced by one or more orders of magnitude especially in the context of parametric studies. The accuracy and efficiency of this technique is assessed by RCS computations on an aircraft air intake with duct and rotating engine mock-up called CHANNEL. Collaborative results, obtained by combining two sets of sub-domains computed by two companies, are compared with measurements on the CHANNEL mock-up. The comparisons are made for several angular positions of the engine to show the benefits of the method for parametric studies. We also discuss the accuracy of two formulations of the sub-domain connecting scheme using edge based or modal field expansion. To cite this article: P. Soudais, A. Barka, C. R. Physique 7 (2006).

Relationship of body mass index to percent body fat and waist circumference among schoolchildren in Japan--the influence of gender and obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Ochiai, Hirotaka; Shirasawa, Takako; Nishimura, Rimei; Morimoto, Aya; Shimada, Naoki; Ohtsu, Tadahiro; Kujirai, Emiko; Hoshino, Hiromi; Tajima, Naoko; Kokaze, Akatsuki

2010-08-18

Although the correlation coefficient between body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF) or waist circumference (WC) has been reported, studies conducted among population-based schoolchildren to date have been limited in Japan, where %BF and WC are not usually measured in annual health examinations at elementary schools or junior high schools. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of BMI to %BF and WC and to examine the influence of gender and obesity on these relationships among Japanese schoolchildren. Subjects included 3,750 schoolchildren from the fourth and seventh grade in Ina-town, Saitama Prefecture, Japan between 2004 and 2008. Information about subject's age, sex, height, weight, %BF, and WC was collected from annual physical examinations. %BF was measured with a bipedal biometrical impedance analysis device. Obesity was defined by the following two criteria: the obese definition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the definition of obesity for Japanese children. Pearson's correlation coefficients between BMI and %BF or WC were calculated separately for sex. Among fourth graders, the correlation coefficients between BMI and %BF were 0.74 for boys and 0.97 for girls, whereas those between BMI and WC were 0.94 for boys and 0.90 for girls. Similar results were observed in the analysis of seventh graders. The correlation coefficient between BMI and %BF varied by physique (obese or non-obese), with weaker correlations among the obese regardless of the definition of obesity; most correlation coefficients among obese boys were less than 0.5, whereas most correlations among obese girls were more than 0.7. On the other hand, the correlation coefficients between BMI and WC were more than 0.8 among boys and almost all coefficients were more than 0.7 among girls, regardless of physique. BMI was positively correlated with %BF and WC among Japanese schoolchildren. The correlations could be influenced by obesity as well as by gender. Accordingly, it is essential to consider gender and obesity when using BMI as a surrogate for %BF and WC for epidemiological use.

La supraconductivité a 100 ans !

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lebrun, Philippe

2011-04-14

Il y a 100 ans, le 8 avril 1911, une découverte majeure était réalisée : celle de la supraconductivité. La supraconductivité est la caractéristique qu’ont certains métaux et alliages de perdre toute résistance électrique en dessous d’une température donnée. Cette renversante découverte, réalisée de manière presque fortuite par Kammerlingh Onnes de l’Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) et son étudiant Gilles Holst, a ouvert un nouveau champ de recherche en physique et de fabuleuses perspectives d’applications technologiques. Du point de vue scientifique, la supraconductivité est en effet l’une des rares manifestations de la physique quantique à l’échelle macroscopique.  Du point de vuemore » des retombées techniques, elle est porteuse d’applications majeures dans le domaine de la santé, des communications et de l’énergie. 100 ans après, les physiciens n’ont toujours pas fini d’explorer ce phénomène et ses applications. Le CERN abrite des applications de la supraconductivité à des échelles inédites. L’accélérateur de particules LHC, avec ses milliers d’aimants supraconducteurs répartis sur 27 kilomètres de circonférence, est en effet la plus grande application mondiale de la supraconductivité. Il ne pourrait exister sans elle. Le CERN fête donc la découverte de la supraconductivité avec une conférence exceptionnelle donnée par Philippe Lebrun. Au cours de cette conférence, l’expérience historique de Kammerlingh Onnes sera reproduite. Philippe Lebrun racontera l’histoire de cette étonnante découverte, en la replaçant dans le contexte scientifique de l’époque. Il racontera les développements scientifiques et les applications du premier siècle de la supraconductivité. Conférence en français Merci de bien vouloir vous inscrire au : +41 22 767 76 76 ou cern.reception@cern.ch« less

TREPS, a tool for coordinate and time transformations in space physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Génot, V.; Renard, B.; Dufourg, N.; Bouchemit, M.; Lormant, N.; Beigbeder, L.; Popescu, D.; Toniutti, J.-P.; André, N.; Pitout, F.; Jacquey, C.; Cecconi, B.; Gangloff, M.

2018-01-01

We present TREPS (Transformation de REpères en Physique Spatiale) an online tool to perform coordinate transformations commonly used in planetology and heliophysics. It is based on SPICE kernels developed by NASA/NAIF. Its usage is straightforward, with a 4-step process, including various import/export options. Interoperability with external services is available through Virtual Observatory technology which is illustrated in a use case.

Picosecond Laser Pulse Interactions with Metallic and Semiconductor Surfaces.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-11-01

Materials Research Society-Europe Meeting, Laset Solid Interactions and Transient Thermal Processing of Materials. Strasbourg, May 1983, 3. de Physique...of or assisting the heating of the sample. In this experiment the the Brillouin zone are involved, the index variations are de - probe fluence was...the entire range -of fluences below the threshold for phase transition. A de - tailed analysis of this fitting procedure is beyond the scope of 900

Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms in Military Health (Symptomes physiques medicalement inexpliques dans la sante militaire)

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

Development of Persistent Pain and psychological Morbidity after Motor Vehicle Collision: Integrating the Potential Role of Stress Response Systems... abnormalities of quantitative EEG which suggest a THE LONG-TERM COSTS OF TRAUMATIC STRESS: INTERTWINED PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES STO-TR-HFM...S.A., Clauw, D.J., Abelson, J.L. et al., The development of persistent pain and psychological morbidity after motor vehicle collision: integrating

Calendar of Selected Aeronautical and Space Meetings (Calendrier des Manifestations Aeronautiques et Spatiales (Selection)).

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

Physique de l’Atmosphire et Environnement terrestre 71 09 - Information, Documentation et Informatique 74 10 - Thimes gin~raux (pluridisciplinaires) et...March Louisiana (US) Fiber Communication Optical Communications IEEE Fibre Optics Electro-Optics 02-08 7-9 March Baden-Baden VDE -IEEE Specialists...Conference on Very Large Electronic Systems VDE (GE) Scale Integrated Circuits Solid State Devices IEEE Integrated Circuits Engineering Design Fabrication

Nonlinear Optical Interactions in Semiconductors.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-10

Physique du Solide et Energie Solaire We had on-going interaction with Dr. Christian Verie on the growth of high quality narrow-gap semiconductor crystals...The band gap energy of the semiconductor decreases with increasing temperature. Consequently, the absorption of light in the energy region of the...gas and, more importantly, will modulate the electron energy at the difference frequency, wI - 02" Under ordinary circumstances such an energy (or

The low birth-weight infants of Saudi adolescents: maternal implications.

PubMed

al-Sibai, M H; Khwaja, S S; al-Suleiman, S A; Magbool, G

1987-11-01

Maternal factors and perinatal outcome of low birth-weight (less than or equal to 2,500 g) infants of 46 adolescent mothers was studied and compared with 160 adolescents who delivered infants weighing greater than 2,500 g. The significant factors found in the low birth-weight group were anaemia, small maternal physique and preterm delivery. Expectedly, the perinatal mortality rate was significantly increased in low birth-weight infants.

Association between somatotypes and blood pressure in an adult Chuvasha population.

PubMed

Kalichman, Leonid; Livshits, Gregory; Kobyliansky, Eugene

2004-01-01

The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and anthropometrical characteristics has been indeed examined extensively, but only a few studies have investigated any connection of somatotypes to BP. to evaluate the association between BP and various anthropometrical characteristics, including components of somatotypes (using the methods of Heath and Carter and of Deriabin). The study sample comprised 783 males aged 18-89 years and 720 females aged 18-90 years, all residents of the Chuvasha, Russian Federation. We used multiple regression, Pearson's and canonical correlation analyses. Significant correlations (r = 0.19-0.28, p < 0.05) were obtained between BP and anthropometric characteristics associated with body compositions and somatotypes. The most impressive were the canonical correlations between BP and somatotype components derived according to Heath and Carter (0.275), and according to Deriabin's (0.333) method. Different body types were highly significantly (P < 0.001) associated with systolic and diastolic BP. Individuals of robust physique (with high endomorphy and mesomorphy) showed high mean values of systolic and diastolic BP, whereas the smallest persons had the lowest BP values. These findings suggest the existence of common physiological paths in the development of body physique and blood pressure regulation and may possibly be indicative of the involvement of pleiotropic genetic and/or epigenetic mechanisms in this regulation.

Self-identity and the theory of planned behaviour: between- and within-participants analyses.

PubMed

Hagger, Martin S; Chatzisarantis, Nikos L D

2006-12-01

Two studies addressed the hypothesis that a minority of people are more oriented towards their self-identity when forming intentions to act than the traditional antecedents of intentional action; attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control (PBC). In Study 1, participants (N=241) completed measures of an augmented version of theory of planned behaviour (TPB) that included self-identity for 30 behaviours. Using within-participants multiple regression analyses, the sample was classified into self-identity-oriented (SI-oriented) and TPB-oriented groups. Between-participants multiple regression analyses revealed that self-identity was a significantly stronger predictor of intentions and accounted for significantly more incremental variance in intentions in the SI-oriented sample compared with the TPB-oriented sample across the 30 behaviours. In Study 2, participants (N=250) completed the same TPB and self-identity measures used in Study 1 as well as measures of generalized self-concept and social physique anxiety for dieting behaviour. Results indicated that self-identity was significantly associated with the generalized self-related measures, and self-concept and social physique anxiety moderated the self-identity-intention relationship. This investigation provides some preliminary evidence to support the effect of individual differences in self-identity on the formation of intentions to act.

Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Menstrual Cycle Changes during Competition Preparation and Recovery in a Drug-Free Figure Competitor: A Case Study

PubMed Central

Halliday, Tanya M.; Loenneke, Jeremy P.; Davy, Brenda M.

2016-01-01

Physique competitions are events in which competitors are judged on muscular appearance and symmetry. The purpose of this retrospective case study was to describe changes in dietary intake, body mass/composition, and the menstrual cycle during the 20-week competition preparation (PREP) and 20-week post competition recovery (REC) periods of a drug-free amateur female figure competitor (age = 26–27, BMI = 19.5 kg/m2). Dietary intake (via weighed food records) and body mass were assessed daily and averaged weekly. Body composition was estimated via Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and 7-site skinfold measurements. Energy intake, body mass and composition, and energy availability decreased during the 20-week PREP period (changes of ~298 kcals, 5.1 kg, 6.5% body fat, and 5.4 kcal/kg fat free mass, respectively) and returned to baseline values by end of the 20-week REC period. Menstrual cycle irregularity was reported within the first month of PREP and the last menstruation was reported at week 11 of PREP. Given the potentially adverse health outcomes associated with caloric restriction, future, prospective cohort studies on the physiological response to PREP and REC are warranted in drug-free, female physique competitors. PMID:27879627

Moving to Inclusion. Active Living through Physical Education: Maximizing Opportunities for Students with a Disability = Integration en Mouvement. La vie active par l'education physique: Multipliez les possibilities offertes aux eleves ayant un handicap.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Active Living Alliance for Canadians with a Disability, Gloucester (Ontario).

This document is composed of 10 manuals which provide both general and specific guidelines to facilitate the inclusion of Canadian students with disabilities in physical education programs. An introductory manual identifies general concepts, strategies, and practical approaches that can be used in an inclusive physical education program. It…

Characteristics of a Steadily Operating Metal Combustor

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-08-01

Physique, Serie 7, Vol. 17, p. 510-576, 1899. 18. Zintl, E., Harder, A., and Dauth, B., "Gitterstruktur Der Oxyde , Sulfide, Selenide Und Telluride Des...ethyl alcohol were added to the cylinder along with three drops of alizarin Red S indicator (1%). The solution was titrated with thorium nitrate until...the appearance of a faint pink color. The thorium nitrate precipitated thorium fluoride which is insoluble in ethyl alcohol , and the indicator detected

MEASUREMENT OF THE RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF THE FOOD CHAIN (in French)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chevallier, A.; Schneider, R.

ABS>The results obtained at the Laboratoire de Protection of 1'Institut de Physique Biologique, Strasbourg, from 1958 to 1960 on the contamination of food are tabulated. The methods used for the measurement of the total beta activity and for the radiochemical separations and determination of the elements isolated are described for milk and vegetables. The activities found in milk, vegetables, and animal skeletons are given in tabular form. (J.S.R.)

Calendar of Selected Aeronautical and Space Meetings January 1991 Onwards (Calendrier des Manifestations Aeronautiques et Spatiales (Selection) Janvier 1991 et au-dela)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

e 39 08 - Physique de l’Atmosph~re et Environnement terrestre 55 09 - Information, Documentation et Informatique 58 10 - Th~rnes g6n6raux...Fax (02) 692 2012 OS UV University of Vienna: Liebigasse 4/3-4, A- 1010 Wien Tel 43.1.43.67.12 Fax 43.1.43.01.97 AU VDE Verband Deutscher

Somatotype, training and performance in Ironman athletes.

PubMed

Kandel, Michel; Baeyens, Jean Pierre; Clarys, Peter

2014-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe the physiques of Ironman athletes and the relationship between Ironman's performance, training and somatotype. A total of 165 male and 22 female competitors of the Ironman Switzerland volunteered in this study. Ten anthropometric dimensions were measured, and 12 training and history variables were recorded with a questionnaire. The variables were compared with the race performance. The somatotype was a strong predictor of Ironman performance (R=0.535; R(2)=0.286; sign. p<0.001) in male athletes. The endomorphy component was the most substantial predictor. Reductions in endomorphy by one standard deviation as well as an increased ectomorphy value by one standard deviation lead to significant and substantial improvement in Ironman performance (28.1 and 29.8 minutes, respectively). An ideal somatotype of 1.7-4.9-2.8 could be established. Age and quantitative training effort were not significant predictors on Ironman performance. In female athletes, no relationship between somatotype, training and performance was found. The somatotype of a male athlete defines for 28.6% variance in Ironman performance. Athletes not having an ideal somatotype of 1.7-4.9-2.8 could improve their performance by altering their somatotype. Lower rates in endomorphy, as well as higher rates in ectomorphy, resulted in a significant better race performance. The impact of somatotype was the most distinguished on the run discipline and had a much greater impact on the total race time than the quantitative training effort. These findings could not be found in female athletes.

Metabolic profiles, diet, and health practices of championship male and female bodybuilders.

PubMed

Kleiner, S M; Bazzarre, T L; Litchford, M D

1990-07-01

To obtain a more complete view of their general health and health care habits, 27 bodybuilders (19 men and 8 women) competing at the 1988 National Physique Committee's Junior USA Bodybuilding Championships participated in this study. Data pertaining to demographics and pre-competition nutrition, training, health, and drug abuse practices were collected by self-administered and interview surveys and records. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements and casual blood samples were collected on -site at the competition registration. Multi-drug abuse was reported by 15% to 40% of the subjects, and 20% to 40% of subjects left the drug use questions unanswered. Severe fluid restrictions and dehydrating practices were reported by all subjects. Eleven men and two women agreed to have blood drawn. Plasma glucose values were at the low end of the normal fasting range. Hemoglobin levels were elevated, indicating hypohydration; magnesium levels were slightly low. Percent body fat, estimated by seven-site skinfold measures, was low for both sexes (men, 6.0 +/- 1.8; women, 9.8 +/- 1.5); 75% of the women reported normal menstrual cycles. The men reported high-protein, low-fat hypocaloric diet patterns. Women had a moderate zinc intake and a remarkably deficient calcium intake despite an adequate energy intake. This research demonstrates that bodybuilders partake in a multitude of practices that may place them in high-risk health categories. It is essential that health care workers in contact with bodybuilding athletes intervene and educate them about healthy dietary and training alternatives.

Partager : des technologies de pointe au service de la société

ScienceCinema

None

2018-04-27

Médecine, climatologie, métrologie et informatique, les techniques utilisées par le LHC trouvent déjà des répercussions dans d’autres domaines scientifiques. Utilisant des techniques inédites, la physique des particules en fait bénéficier la société toute entière.

Voyage dans le noir. Trous noirs, matière noire, énergie noire et antimatière [Journey in the dark. Black holes, dark matter, dark energy and antimatter

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alvarez-Gaume, Luis; Doser, Michael; Grojean, Chri

2009-11-26

Et si nous faisions avec les physiciens un voyage dans le noir ? De l'astrophysique à la physique des particules les trois noirs, la matière noire, l'énergie noire ou l’antimatière intriguent et fascinent. Que sont ces objets qui bousculent nos idées et qui véhiculent parfois des craintes irraisonnées? Luis Alvarez-Gaume, Michael Doser et Christophe Grojean, physiciens du CERN vous invitent à mettre en lumière (!) les constituants de base de la matière et à explorer les mystères de la physique contemporaine. Une soirée lumineuse pour éclairer des concepts et ne plus avoir peur du noir. [ What if we mademore » a trip to the physicists in the dark? From astrophysics to particle physics the three blacks, dark matter, dark energy or antimatter intrigue and fascinate. What are these objects that jostle our ideas and sometimes convey irrational fears? Luis Alvarez-Gaume, Michael Doser and Christophe Grojean, CERN physicists invite you to highlight (!) The basic constituents of matter and to explore the mysteries of contemporary physics. A bright evening to illuminate concepts and not be afraid of the dark.]« less

Social Physique Anxiety, Mental Health, and Exercise: Analyzing the Role of Basic Psychological Needs and Psychological Inflexibility.

PubMed

Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Manuel; Sicilia, Álvaro; Burgueño, Rafael

2017-02-22

This study aimed to determine the usefulness of integrating basic psychological needs theory (BPNT) and relational frames theory (RFT) in order to explain the effects of social physique anxiety (SPA) - in the context of exercise - on exercisers' mental health. A total of 296 recreational cyclists and triathletes (100% males) aged 18 to 60 years old (M age = 35.65, SD = 9.49) completed a multi-section questionnaire assessing the target variables. Two models of structural equations with multiple mediators were tested using 5000 bootstrap samples. While the BPNT-based model explained 20% of variance in satisfaction with life (SWL) and 25% of variance in mental health (MH), the model that also incorporated RFT explained 43% of variance in both of those variables. Results showed that SPA negatively impacted exercisers' mental health via two different mechanisms: a) through a decrease in perceived satisfaction of basic psychological needs (β = -.05, p = .045 for SWL; β = -.07, p = .002 for MH); b) through an increase in psychological inflexibility, generated directly by SPA (β = -.24, p < .001 for SWL; β = -.20, p < .001 for MH) and also mediated by basic psychological need thwarting (β = -.09, p < .001 for SWL; β = -.08, p = .002 for MH). Results supported integrating the two theories, elucidating the processes by which a controlling social factor like SPA can affect the potential benefits of exercise.

Clinical significance of low result of 1-h 50-g glucose-challenge test in pregnant women.

PubMed

Oawada, Nozomi; Aoki, Shigeru; Sakamaki, Kentaro; Obata, Soichiro; Seki, Kazuo; Hirahara, Fumiki

2018-01-31

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of low-glucose value on the 1-h 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) on neonatal body weight in low-risk Asian singleton pregnant women. We retrospectively analyzed women who delivered a singleton neonate at term at a tertiary center and underwent GCT at 24-28 weeks of gestation between June 2001 and June 2015. The low GCT group was defined as <75 mg/dL and 75-139 mg/dL were control. We compared these two groups of maternal characteristics, small for gestational age neonate (SGA), large for gestational age neonate (LGA), low-birth weight, and macrosomia. The χ 2 test, Fisher's exact test, and Student's t test were used. There were 313 low GCT groups and 4611 control. The low GCT group were younger, had lower prepregnancy body weight, higher stature, and lower prepregnancy body mass index (BMI). After adjusting these variables, the low GCT group had a lower rate of LGA and a higher rate of SGA. Neonatal body weight is more influenced by maternal physique than by low GCT result (standardized coefficient (β); GCT 0.071, height 0.188, prepregnancy BMI 0.143). Neonatal body weight was only slightly influenced by low GCT result, but markedly influenced by maternal physique, such as height and prepregnancy BMI.

Optical properties of randomly distributed soot: improved polarimetric and intensity scattering functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Renard, Jean-Baptiste; Daugeron, Daniel; Personne, Pascal; Legros, Guillaume; Baillargeat, Jacques; Hadamcik, Edith; Worms, Jean-Claude

2005-02-01

Reference scattering curves for polarization and intensity produced by aggregates and agglomerates of ethylene and kerosene soot are obtained for scattering angles in the 10-170° range. The polarization measurements were obtained with the Propriétés Optiques des Grains Astronomiques et Atmosphèriques instrument for particles that levitate in microgravity during parabolic flights and on the ground by an air draught technique. The intensity measurements were obtained also on the ground with a Laboratoire de Metéorologie Physique nephelometer. The maximum polarization is of the order of 80% at a scattering angle of 80° at lambda = 632.8 nm and approximately 75% at an angle of 90° at lambda = 543.5 nm. The polarization increases by approximately 10% when the size of the agglomerate increases from 10 μm to a few hundred micrometers. The intensity curve exhibits a strong increase at small scattering angles. These reference curves will be used in the near future for the detection of stratospheric soot by remote-sensing measurement techniques.

Particles and strings in six-dimensional (2, 0) theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Henningson, Måns

2004-11-01

In 1995, we learned of the rather surprising existence of a completely new class of quantum theories in six space-time dimensions with(2,0)superconformal symmetry. Some important reasons to study these theories are: (i) Finding the right conceptual framework to define them is a very challenging problem, that will probably take a long time to solve. It is likely to involve new interesting mathematical structures with connections in particular to algebra and geometry. (ii) They give rise to certain Yang-Mills theories with maximally extended supersymmetry upon compactification on a two-torus. This may be a way to find an S-dual formulation of these lower dimensional theories. (iii) They arise within string/ M-theory as decoupled subsectors localized on certain space-time impurities such as branes or singularities. (This is in fact how these theories were first discovered (see Witten, hep-th/9507121).) This may provide an opportunity to study aspects of these higher dimensional theories without having to deal with the conceptual subtleties of quantum gravity. To cite this article: M. Henningson, C. R. Physique 5 (2004).

Compactification de la Supergravite 10-D Sur les Varietes de Calabi-Yau

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gagnon, Michel

Les varietes de Calabi-Yau permettent une description relativement simple et assez juste de la realite. Recemment, de nombreuses equipes de recherche s'y sont interessees, en particulier P. Candelas, A. M. Dale, C. A. Lutken et R. Schimmrigk (13) qui ont propose une liste de 7868 configurations distinctes. Toutefois, nous croyons que certaines des techniques qui sont exploitees pour construire cette liste ne sont pas suffisamment justifiees et ont pour effet de soustraire a nos investigations bon nombre de configurations potentiellement interessantes. Ainsi, nous produisons, sans utiliser ces techniques simplificatrices, une liste de 97360 configurations. Ensuite, dans le cadre des modeles a 4 generations, nous appliquons un ensemble de criteres, fondes sur les symetries discretes, pour delimiter le domaine des configurations phenomenologiquement viables. Finalement, apres avoir fixe notre choix sur une configuration particuliere, nous essayons de montrer tout l'interet physique des varietes de Calabi-Yau en exposant certains aspects de la phenomenologie a basse energie, notamment les nombres quantiques, les spectres fermioniques, la brisure intermediaire du groupe de jauge et la duree de vie du proton.

Contamination par le nickel et d'autres métaux lors de la manipulation des pièces de monnaie comparaison entre francs français et eurosContamination by nickel and other metals resulting from the manipulation of coins comparison between French francs and euros

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fournier, P.-G.; Govers, T. R.; Fournier, J.; Abani, M.

The introduction of the euro has revived the interest for potential nickel allergies. We show that the handling of a single used nickel coin releases an average of 0.45 μg of nickel, 0.26 μg of copper and 0.08 μg of zinc, whereas a euro coin composed of nickel alloys releases 0.25 μg of nickel, 1.3 μg of copper and 0.17 μg of zinc. These levels of contamination, favored by friction during handling, differ from those obtained on the basis of the EN 1811 test applicable to solubilisation in artificial sweat. The evaluation of allergy risks following the introduction of the euro may require the consideration of potential synergies between the metals mentioned above. To cite this article: P.-G. Fournier et al., C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 749-758.

Elemental analysis of different varieties of rice samples using XRF technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaur, Jaspreet; Kumar, Anil

2016-05-01

Rice is most consumed staple food in the world providing over 21% of the calorie intake of world's population having high yielding capacity. Elements detected in rice are Al, As, Br, Cd, Cl, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Rb, Se and Zn by using Instrumental Neutron Activation with k0 standardization (R. Jayasekera etal,2004). Some of these trace elements are C, H, O, N, S, Ca, P, K, Na, Cl, Mn, Ti, Mg, Cu, Fe, Ni, Si and Zn are essential for growth of human physique The deficiency or excess of these elements in food is known to cause a variety of malnutrition or health disorders in the world. Every year, various varieties of rice are launched by Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana. The main purpose of which is to increases the yield to attain the maximum profit. But this leads to changing the elemental concentration in them, which may affect the human health according to variation in the nutrition values. The main objective is to study the presence of elemental concentration in various varieties of rice using EDXRF technique.

Realistic numerical modelling of human head tissue exposure to electromagnetic waves from cellular phones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scarella, Gilles; Clatz, Olivier; Lanteri, Stéphane; Beaume, Grégory; Oudot, Steve; Pons, Jean-Philippe; Piperno, Sergo; Joly, Patrick; Wiart, Joe

2006-06-01

The ever-rising diffusion of cellular phones has brought about an increased concern for the possible consequences of electromagnetic radiation on human health. Possible thermal effects have been investigated, via experimentation or simulation, by several research projects in the last decade. Concerning numerical modeling, the power absorption in a user's head is generally computed using discretized models built from clinical MRI data. The vast majority of such numerical studies have been conducted using Finite Differences Time Domain methods, although strong limitations of their accuracy are due to heterogeneity, poor definition of the detailed structures of head tissues (staircasing effects), etc. In order to propose numerical modeling using Finite Element or Discontinuous Galerkin Time Domain methods, reliable automated tools for the unstructured discretization of human heads are also needed. Results presented in this article aim at filling the gap between human head MRI images and the accurate numerical modeling of wave propagation in biological tissues and its thermal effects. To cite this article: G. Scarella et al., C. R. Physique 7 (2006).

Effets pathogènes d'un faible débit de dose : la relation « dose effet »

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Masse, Roland

2002-10-01

There is no evidence of pathogenic effects in human groups exposed to less than 100 mSv at low dose-rate. The attributed effects are therefore the result of extrapolations from higher doses. The validity of such extrapolations is discussed from the point of view of epidemiology as well as cellular and molecular biology. The Chernobyl accident resulted in large excess of thyroid cancers in children; it also raised the point that some actual sanitary effects among distressed populations might be a direct consequence of low doses. Studies under the control of UN have not confirmed this point identifying no dose-effect relationship and " severe socio-economic and psychological pressures… poverty, poor diet and living conditions, and lifestyle factors" as the main cause for depressed health. Some hypothesis are considered for explaining the dose-dependence and high prevalence of non-cancer causes of death among human groups exposed to more than 300 mSv. To cite this article: R. Masse, C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 1049-1058.

Etude de l'affaiblissement du comportement mecanique du pergelisol du au rechauffement climatique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buteau, Sylvie

Le rechauffement climatique predit pour les prochaines decennies, aura des impacts majeurs sur le pergelisol qui sont tres peu documentes pour l'instant. La presente etude a pour but d'evaluer ces impacts sur les proprietes mecaniques du pergelisol et sa stabilite a long terme. Une nouvelle technique d'essai de penetration au cone a taux de deformation controle, a ete developpee pour caracteriser en place le pergelisol. Ces essais geotechniques et la mesure de differentes proprietes physiques ont ete effectues sur une butte de pergelisol au cours du printemps 2000. Le developpement et l'utilisation d'un modele geothermique 1D tenant compte de la thermodependance du comportement mecanique ont permis d'evaluer que les etendues de pergelisol chaud deviendraient instables a la suite d'un rechauffement de l'ordre de 5°C sur cent ans. En effet, la resistance mecanique du pergelisol diminuera alors rapidement jusqu'a 11,6 MPa, ce qui correspond a une perte relative de 98% de la resistance par rapport a un scenario sans rechauffement.

Le satellite Encelade source d'ions N+ dans la magnétosphère de Saturne

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouhram, Mehdi; Berthelier, Jean-Jacques; Illiano, Jean-Marie; Smith, Howard T.; Sittler, Edward C.; Crary, Frank J.; Young, Dave T.

2005-12-01

xml:lang="fr">RésuméLe premier passage de la sonde Cassini dans l'environnement de Saturne, au dessus de l'anneau E, a mis en évidence l'existence d'un plasma composé d'un mélange d'ions issus des produits de l'eau (H+, O+, OH+, H2O+) avec une faible composante en ions N+ (3 %). A partir d'un modèle simple du transport des ions dans la magnétosphère, nous montrons que la source de ces ions N+ coïncide avec le satellite Encelade. Un tel résultat peut s'expliquer par la présence de composés volatiles tels que l'ammoniac NH3 sur ce satellite de glace, supposé encore actif géologiquement, ou par la présence d'ions N+ d'origine externe préalablement implantés sur sa surface. Pour citer cet article : M. Bouhram et al., C. R. Physique 6 (2005).

Dietary Intake of Competitive Bodybuilders.

PubMed

Spendlove, Jessica; Mitchell, Lachlan; Gifford, Janelle; Hackett, Daniel; Slater, Gary; Cobley, Stephen; O'Connor, Helen

2015-07-01

Competitive bodybuilders are well known for extreme physique traits and extremes in diet and training manipulation to optimize lean mass and achieve a low body fat. Although many of the dietary dogmas in bodybuilding lack scientific scrutiny, a number, including timing and dosing of high biological value proteins across the day, have more recently been confirmed as effective by empirical research studies. A more comprehensive understanding of the dietary intakes of bodybuilders has the potential to uncover other dietary approaches, deserving of scientific investigation, with application to the wider sporting, and potential health contexts, where manipulation of physique traits is desired. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of dietary intake practices of competitive bodybuilders, evaluate the quality and currency of the existing literature, and identify research gaps to inform future studies. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted from the earliest record until March 2014. The search combined permutations of the terms 'bodybuilding', 'dietary intake', and 'dietary supplement'. Included studies needed to report quantitative data (energy and macronutrients at a minimum) on habitual dietary intake of competitive bodybuilders. The 18 manuscripts meeting eligibility criteria reported on 385 participants (n = 62 women). Most studies were published in the 1980-1990s, with three published in the past 5 years. Study methodological quality was evaluated as poor. Energy intake ranged from 10 to 24 MJ/day for men and from 4 to 14 MJ/day for women. Protein intake ranged from 1.9 to 4.3 g/kg for men and from 0.8 to 2.8 g/kg for women. Intake of carbohydrate and fat was <6 g/kg/day and below 30% of energy, respectively. Carbohydrate intakes were below, and protein (in men) intakes were higher than, the current recommendations for strength athletes, with no consideration for exploration of macronutrient quality or distribution over the day. Energy intakes varied over different phases of preparation, typically being highest in the non-competition (>6 months from competition) or immediate post-competition period and lowest during competition preparation (≤6 months from competition) or competition week. The most commonly reported dietary supplements were protein powders/liquids and amino acids. The studies failed to provide details on rationale for different dietary intakes. The contribution of diet supplements was also often not reported. When supplements were reported, intakes of some micronutrients were excessive (~1000% of US Recommended Dietary Allowance) and above the tolerable upper limit. This review demonstrates that literature describing the dietary intake practices of competitive bodybuilders is dated and often of poor quality. Intake reporting required better specificity and details of the rationale underpinning the use. The review suggests that high-quality contemporary research is needed in this area, with the potential to uncover dietary strategies worthy of scientific exploration.

PEOPLE IN PHYSICS: 'Lady Newton' - an eighteenth century Marquise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Badilescu, Simona

1996-07-01

The contribution of Voltaire and Mme du Châtelet to the diffusion of Newtonian physics in eighteenth century France is outlined. Their most important writings in the realm of physics (Philosophical Letters, Elements de la philosophie de Newton, Institutions de Physique) are analysed and the impact of the new ideas on the traditional Cartesian physics is emphasized. The genesis of the first French translation of Newton's Principia is described. The usefulness of the historically connected stories in the teaching of physics is envisaged.

CFD Simulations of a Ferry in Head Seas

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

la durée de vie en fatigue globale du navire. Il est important, pour la conception, l’exploitation et la gestion du cycle de ...vibration de frottement qui exerce une contrainte sur la structure de coque primaire et qui a un effet défavorable sur la durée de vie en fatigue globale du ...laquelle ne peut simuler directement la physique du tossage. Le présent rapport contient les résultats d’une étude faisant

Hig Resolution Seismometer Insensitive to Extremely Strong Magnetic Fields

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abramovich, Igor A.

A highly sensitive broadband seismic sensor has been developed successfully to be used in beam focusing systems of particale accelerators. The sensor is completely insensitive to extremely strong magnetic fields and to hard radiation conditions that exist at the place of their installation. A unique remote sensor calibration method has been invented and implemented. Several such sensors were sold to LAPP (LAPP-IN2P3/CNRS-Université de Savoie; Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules)

Retirement Kjell Johnsen

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2007-12-05

A l'occasion de son 65me anniversaire plusieurs orateurs (aussi l'ambassadeur de Norvège) remercient Kjell Johnsen, né en juin 1921 en Norvège, pour ses 34 ans de service au Cern et retracent sa vie et son travail. K.Johnsen a pris part aux premières études sur les accélérateurs du futur centre de physique et fut aussi le père et le premier directeur de l'Ecole du Cern sur les accélérateurs (CAS)

Transcendental Meditation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2005-11-29

K.Wallace, qui vient des Etats Unis, parle des effects physiologiques de la méditation transcendantale. Il a fait son bachelor en physique à l'Université de Los Angeles et son doctorat en physiologie aussi à Los Angeles, mais à l'Institut de Recherche sur le cerveau. Il travaille maintenat à Harvard Medical School ou il continue des recherches biochimiques et physiologiques sur l'application médicale de la méditation transcendantale. Il s'occupe principalement des maladies cardiaques et de hypertension artérielle.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

Plusieurs orateurs rendent hommage au grand physicien et scientifique Vladimir Jurko Glaser (1924 - 1984) qui travaillait au Ruder Boscovic Institut à Zagreb avant de venir au Cern en 1957 où il trouvait un poste permanent au département de physique théorique. Walter Tearing, Harry Lehmann,Henry Epstein, Jacques Bros et André Martin font des résumés biographiques de leurs collègue et ami en honorant ses grands qualités d'homme et ses remarquables conquêtes de la science et leurs accomplissement.

Self-reported Health and Well-being Outcomes of ASERE Students

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-07-01

mesure normalisée) des scores légèrement plus faibles dans l’évaluation de la santé physique à la fin du cours comparativement à ceux indiqués avant...faibles après le cours comparativement à ceux obtenus lors de l’évaluation antérieure au cours...Zachariassen, 2000, p. 334). Indeed, the need for control is so great in humans that stress can trigger a variety of behaviors specifically designed to

Relationship of body mass index to percent body fat and waist circumference among schoolchildren in Japan - the influence of gender and obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Although the correlation coefficient between body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF) or waist circumference (WC) has been reported, studies conducted among population-based schoolchildren to date have been limited in Japan, where %BF and WC are not usually measured in annual health examinations at elementary schools or junior high schools. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of BMI to %BF and WC and to examine the influence of gender and obesity on these relationships among Japanese schoolchildren. Methods Subjects included 3,750 schoolchildren from the fourth and seventh grade in Ina-town, Saitama Prefecture, Japan between 2004 and 2008. Information about subject's age, sex, height, weight, %BF, and WC was collected from annual physical examinations. %BF was measured with a bipedal biometrical impedance analysis device. Obesity was defined by the following two criteria: the obese definition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the definition of obesity for Japanese children. Pearson's correlation coefficients between BMI and %BF or WC were calculated separately for sex. Results Among fourth graders, the correlation coefficients between BMI and %BF were 0.74 for boys and 0.97 for girls, whereas those between BMI and WC were 0.94 for boys and 0.90 for girls. Similar results were observed in the analysis of seventh graders. The correlation coefficient between BMI and %BF varied by physique (obese or non-obese), with weaker correlations among the obese regardless of the definition of obesity; most correlation coefficients among obese boys were less than 0.5, whereas most correlations among obese girls were more than 0.7. On the other hand, the correlation coefficients between BMI and WC were more than 0.8 among boys and almost all coefficients were more than 0.7 among girls, regardless of physique. Conclusions BMI was positively correlated with %BF and WC among Japanese schoolchildren. The correlations could be influenced by obesity as well as by gender. Accordingly, it is essential to consider gender and obesity when using BMI as a surrogate for %BF and WC for epidemiological use. PMID:20716379

Diagnostic et prévalence du syndrome métabolique chez les diabétiques suivis dans un contexte de ressources limitées: cas du Burkina-Faso

PubMed Central

Marceline, Yaméogo Téné; Issiaka, Sombié; Gilberte, Kyélem Carole; Nadège, Rouamba; Macaire, Ouédraogo Sampawindé; Arsène, Yaméogo Aimé; Djingri, Lankoandé; Apollinaire, Sawadogo; Joseph, Drabo Youssouf

2014-01-01

Introduction Les conséquences du syndrome métabolique impliquent son diagnostic effectif pour une prise en charge globale des comorbidités dépistées. Objectif: Déterminer la capacité à diagnostiquer le syndrome métabolique en routine, sa prévalence chez les diabétiques, leurs connaissances et pratiques vis-à-vis du risque cardio-métabolique. Méthodes Il s'est agi d'une étude transversale auprès de 388 diabétiques au CHU de Bobo-Dioulasso. Les critères de la fédération internationale du diabète (2009) ont été utilisés. Résultats l’âge moyen était de 53,5±13,5 ans, le sex ratio de 0,7. L'obésité abdominale était présente dans 61,9% des cas; L'HTA l’était dans 56,4% des cas. La prescription du bilan lipidique a été documentée dans 55,4% des cas pour le HDL et 56,2% pour les triglycérides pour un taux de réalisation de 49,3% et 62,9%. Le taux de dépistage des critères lipidiques était de 26,8%. Un taux de HDL bas a été noté dans 46 cas (43,4%) et une hypertriglycéridémie dans 24 cas (17,6%). In fine, la prévalence du syndrome métabolique était de 48,9% (n = 190). Seuls 27,4% savaient que d'autres facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire pouvaient être associés au diabète et seulement 6,7% pratiquaient une activité physique régulière. Conclusion Malgré la faible contribution du laboratoire, le syndrome métabolique est fréquent parmi nos diabétiques. Les patients sont peu sensibilisés sur le risque vasculaire et la pratique d'une activité physique régulière reste faible. Un programme d’éducation adaptée contribuerait à un meilleur dépistage et à une prise en charge optimale des cas. PMID:25932077

Collision-induced dissociation of protonated water clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berthias, F.; Buridon, V.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Dinh, P. M.; Reinhard, P.-G.; Suraud, E.; Märk, T. D.

2014-06-01

Collision-induced dissociation (CID) has been studied for protonated water clusters H+(H2O)n, with n = 2-8, colliding with argon atoms at a laboratory energy of 8 keV. The experimental data have been taken with an apparatus (Device for Irradiation of Molecular Clusters, `Dispositif d'Irradiation d'Agrégats Moléculaire,' DIAM) that has been recently constructed at the Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon. It includes an event-by-event mass spectrometry detection technique, COINTOF (correlated ion and neutral fragment time of flight). The latter device allows, for each collision event, to detect and identify in a correlated manner all produced neutral and charged fragments. For all the studied cluster ions, it has allowed us to identify branching ratios for the loss of i = 1 to i = n water molecules, leading to fragment ions ranging from H+(H2O)i=n-1 all the way down to the production of protons. Using a corresponding calibration technique we determine total charged fragment production cross sections for incident protonated water clusters H+(H2O)n, with n = 2-7. Observed trends for branching ratios and cross sections, and a comparison with earlier data on measured attenuation cross sections for water clusters colliding with other noble gases (He and Xe), give insight into the underlying dissociation mechanisms.

Motivational and psychological correlates of bodybuilding dependence

PubMed Central

EMINI, NEIM N.; BOND, MALCOLM J.

2014-01-01

Abstract Background and aims: Exercise may become physically and psychologically maladaptive if taken to extremes. One example is the dependence reported by some individuals who engage in weight training. The current study explored potential psychological, motivational, emotional and behavioural concomitants of bodybuilding dependence, with a particular focus on motives for weight training. Using a path analysis paradigm, putative causal models sought to explain associations among key study variables. Methods: A convenience sample of 101 men aged between 18 and 67 years was assembled from gymnasia in Adelaide, South Australia. Active weight trainers voluntarily completed a questionnaire that included measures of bodybuilding dependence (social dependency, training dependency, and mastery), anger, hostility and aggression, stress and motivations for weight training. Results: Three motives for weight training were identified: mood control, physique anxiety and personal challenge. Of these, personal challenge and mood control were the most directly salient to dependence. Social dependency was particularly relevant to personal challenge, whereas training dependency was associated with both personal challenge and mood control. Mastery demonstrated a direct link with physique anxiety, thus reflecting a unique component of exercise dependence. Conclusions: While it was not possible to determine causality with the available data, the joint roles of variables that influence, or are influenced by, bodybuilding dependence are identified. Results highlight unique motivations for bodybuilding and suggest that dependence could be a result of, and way of coping with, stress manifesting as aggression. A potential framework for future research is provided through the demonstration of plausible causal linkages among these variables. PMID:25317342

Motivational and psychological correlates of bodybuilding dependence.

PubMed

Emini, Neim N; Bond, Malcolm J

2014-09-01

Exercise may become physically and psychologically maladaptive if taken to extremes. One example is the dependence reported by some individuals who engage in weight training. The current study explored potential psychological, motivational, emotional and behavioural concomitants of bodybuilding dependence, with a particular focus on motives for weight training. Using a path analysis paradigm, putative causal models sought to explain associations among key study variables. A convenience sample of 101 men aged between 18 and 67 years was assembled from gymnasia in Adelaide, South Australia. Active weight trainers voluntarily completed a questionnaire that included measures of bodybuilding dependence (social dependency, training dependency, and mastery), anger, hostility and aggression, stress and motivations for weight training. Three motives for weight training were identified: mood control, physique anxiety and personal challenge. Of these, personal challenge and mood control were the most directly salient to dependence. Social dependency was particularly relevant to personal challenge, whereas training dependency was associated with both personal challenge and mood control. Mastery demonstrated a direct link with physique anxiety, thus reflecting a unique component of exercise dependence. While it was not possible to determine causality with the available data, the joint roles of variables that influence, or are influenced by, bodybuilding dependence are identified. RESULTS highlight unique motivations for bodybuilding and suggest that dependence could be a result of, and way of coping with, stress manifesting as aggression. A potential framework for future research is provided through the demonstration of plausible causal linkages among these variables.

Nutritional recommendations for water polo.

PubMed

Cox, Gregory R; Mujika, Iñigo; van den Hoogenband, Cees Rein

2014-08-01

Water polo is an aquatic team sport that requires endurance, strength, power, swimming speed, agility, tactical awareness, and specific technical skills, including ball control. Unlike other team sports, few researchers have examined the nutritional habits of water polo athletes or potential dietary strategies that improve performance in water polo match play. Water polo players are typically well muscled, taller athletes; female players display higher levels of adiposity compared with their male counterparts. Positional differences exist: Center players are heavier and have higher body fat levels compared with perimeter players. Knowledge of the physical differences that exist among water polo players offers the advantage of player identification as well as individualizing nutrition strategies to optimize desired physique goals. Individual dietary counseling is warranted to ensure dietary adequacy, and in cases of physique manipulation. Performance in games and during quality workouts is likely to improve by adopting strategies that promote high carbohydrate availability, although research specific to water polo is lacking. A planned approach incorporating strategies to facilitate muscle glycogen refueling and muscle protein synthesis should be implemented following intensified training sessions and matches, particularly when short recovery times are scheduled. Although sweat losses of water polo players are less than what is reported for land-based athletes, specific knowledge allows for appropriate planning of carbohydrate intake strategies for match play and training. Postgame strategies to manage alcohol intake should be developed with input from the senior player group to minimize the negative consequences on recovery and player welfare.

Voyage dans le noir. Trous noirs, matière noire, énergie noire et antimatière [Journey in the dark. Black holes, dark matter, dark energy and antimatter

ScienceCinema

Alvarez-Gaume, Luis; Doser, Michael; Grojean, Chri

2018-05-24

Et si nous faisions avec les physiciens un voyage dans le noir ? De l'astrophysique à la physique des particules les trois noirs, la matière noire, l'énergie noire ou l’antimatière intriguent et fascinent. Que sont ces objets qui bousculent nos idées et qui véhiculent parfois des craintes irraisonnées? Luis Alvarez-Gaume, Michael Doser et Christophe Grojean, physiciens du CERN vous invitent à mettre en lumière (!) les constituants de base de la matière et à explorer les mystères de la physique contemporaine. Une soirée lumineuse pour éclairer des concepts et ne plus avoir peur du noir. [ What if we made a trip to the physicists in the dark? From astrophysics to particle physics the three blacks, dark matter, dark energy or antimatter intrigue and fascinate. What are these objects that jostle our ideas and sometimes convey irrational fears? Luis Alvarez-Gaume, Michael Doser and Christophe Grojean, CERN physicists invite you to highlight (!) The basic constituents of matter and to explore the mysteries of contemporary physics. A bright evening to illuminate concepts and not be afraid of the dark.

Étude du comportement structural de l'alliage NC 19 Fe Nb (Inconel 718)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Slama, C.; Cizeron, G.

1997-03-01

In the as-received state (following a double treatment at 720 and 620 °C), the structure of INC 718 consists of a γ matrix, intergranular β precipitates and (Nb,Ti)C carbides; moreover, γ{'} and γ{''} phases have precipitated in the matrix. Using different methods, the structural behaviour was analyzed which led to distinguish the temperature ranges in which occurs precipitation or dissolution of β, γ{'} and γ{''} phases on heating and to define the optimum conditions of homogeneization. Furthermore a CCT diagram for INC 718 has been drawn showing the respective precipitation of γ{'}, γ{''} and β phases as a function of the cooling rate applied from 990 °C. L'étude de l'alliage Inconel 718 (NC 19 Fe Nb) a permis de montrer que sa structure, dans l'état de livraison (après double revenu à 720 puis 620 °C), consiste en une matrice γ avec des précipités β intergranulaires et des carbures du type (Nb,Ti) C ; en outre, la matrice contient des précipités des phases γ{''} et γ{'}. L'analyse du comportement structural de l'alliage à l'aide de différentes méthodes physiques a conduit à délimiter les domaines de température dans lesquels interviennent, au chauffage, la précipitation ou la dissolution des phases β, γ{'}, γ{''} et de définir les conditions optimales d'homogénéisation. Le diagramme T.R.C. de l'Inconel 718 a ensuite été tracé : les intervalles de température dans lesquels interviennent les précipitations respectives des phases γ{'}, γ{''} et β en fonction de la vitesse de refroidissement imposée depuis 990 °C, ont ainsi pu être précisés.

Dome C ultracarbonaceous Antarctic micrometeorites. Infrared and Raman fingerprints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dartois, E.; Engrand, C.; Duprat, J.; Godard, M.; Charon, E.; Delauche, L.; Sandt, C.; Borondics, F.

2018-01-01

Context. UltraCarbonaceous Antarctic MicroMeteorites (UCAMMs) represent a small fraction of interplanetary dust particles reaching the Earth's surface and contain large amounts of an organic component not found elsewhere. They are most probably sampling a contribution from the outer regions of the solar system to the local interplanetary dust particle (IDP) flux. Aims: We characterize UCAMMs composition focusing on the organic matter, and compare the results to the insoluble organic matter (IOM) from primitive meteorites, IDPs, and the Earth. Methods: We acquired synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (μFTIR) and μRaman spectra of eight UCAMMs from the Concordia/CSNSM collection, as well as N/C atomic ratios determined with an electron microprobe. Results: The spectra are dominated by an organic component with a low aliphatic CH versus aromatic C=C ratio, and a higher nitrogen fraction and lower oxygen fraction compared to carbonaceous chondrites and IDPs. The UCAMMs carbonyl absorption band is in agreement with a ketone or aldehyde functional group. Some of the IR and Raman spectra show a C≡N band corresponding to a nitrile. The absorption band profile from 1400 to 1100 cm-1 is compatible with the presence of C-N bondings in the carbonaceous network, and is spectrally different from that reported in meteorite IOM. We confirm that the silicate-to-carbon content in UCAMMs is well below that reported in IDPs and meteorites. Together with the high nitrogen abundance relative to carbon building the organic matter matrix, the most likely scenario for the formation of UCAMMs occurs via physicochemical mechanisms taking place in a cold nitrogen rich environment, like the surface of icy parent bodies in the outer solar system. The composition of UCAMMs provides an additional hint of the presence of a heliocentric positive gradient in the C/Si and N/C abundance ratios in the solar system protoplanetary disc evolution. Part of the equipment used in this work has been financed by the French INSU-CNRS program "Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire" (PCMI).

Age related changes in pelvis size among adolescent and adult females with reference to parturition from Naraingarh, Haryana (India).

PubMed

Sharma, Krishan; Gupta, Puneet; Shandilya, Shailza

2016-08-01

This research examines the ontogenic patterns of changes in growth during adolescence, pelvis variations and growth during twenties and thirties of age, structural remodeling of pelvis related to childbirth and relationship of pelvis area with physique based on the cross-sectional data on 391 females from the state of Haryana. Peak growth velocity for body height and breadths of skeletal traits occurred between 11 and 12 years, much before mean age of menarche at 13.5 years; while for body weight and body mass index (BMI) occurred between 14 and 15 years, after the mean age of menarche. Untill the age 11 years, 11.87% of growth in stature was remaining, 19.37% for bi-cristal breadth, 25.96% for bi-ischial breadth and 35.82% for pelvic area. The hypothesis of critical value of pelvic width of 240mm at iliocristale for menarche to occur has been only a statistical association. Higher prevalence of malnutrition during pubertal phase than pre- and post-pubertal phases was due to greater nutritional needs during puberty. Among adult females, BMI was very poorly correlated with stature but very strongly correlated with body breadths, body breadth-stature indices and body weight. The body mass and pelvis size continued to change during 20s and first half of 30s. The continued increase of BMI was due to increase in body fat and muscle mass in females 18 years and older. To tease apart age and parturition effects on pelvis variations, the analysis showed that pelvic bones remodeling took place after the first child was born and not after the subsequent births, and it was a sign of childbirth phenotypic plasticity rather than age. Pelvis area was strongly associated with stature, BMI and age. Mean pelvic area of tall females was greater than those of medium and short stature. Females with broad shoulders had significantly greater mean pelvis area than those with narrow shoulders and medium shoulders. Females having thin/lean physique had the smallest mean pelvis area compared to those having medium and obese types of physiques. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that BMI was the major determinant factor (multiple r=0.37) of pelvis area; addition of stature component increased the value of multiple r to 0.50, while addition of age marginally increased multiple r to 0.53. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

PREFACE: Loops 11: Non-Perturbative / Background Independent Quantum Gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mena Marugán, Guillermo A.; Barbero G, J. Fernando; Garay, Luis J.; Villaseñor, Eduardo J. S.; Olmedo, Javier

2012-05-01

Loops 11 The international conference LOOPS'11 took place in Madrid from the 23-28 May 2011. It was hosted by the Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), which belongs to the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientĺficas (CSIC). Like previous editions of the LOOPS meetings, it dealt with a wealth of state-of-the-art topics on Quantum Gravity, with special emphasis on non-perturbative background-independent approaches to spacetime quantization. The main topics addressed at the conference ranged from the foundations of Quantum Gravity to its phenomenological aspects. They encompassed different approaches to Loop Quantum Gravity and Cosmology, Polymer Quantization, Quantum Field Theory, Black Holes, and discrete approaches such as Dynamical Triangulations, amongst others. In addition, this edition celebrated the 25th anniversary of the introduction of the now well-known Ashtekar variables and the Wednesday morning session was devoted to this silver jubilee. The structure of the conference was designed to reflect the current state and future prospects of research on the different topics mentioned above. Plenary lectures that provided general background and the 'big picture' took place during the mornings, and the more specialised talks were distributed in parallel sessions during the evenings. To be more specific, Monday evening was devoted to Shape Dynamics and Phenomenology Derived from Quantum Gravity in Parallel Session A, and to Covariant Loop Quantum Gravity and Spin foams in Parallel Session B. Tuesday's three Parallel Sessions dealt with Black Hole Physics and Dynamical Triangulations (Session A), the continuation of Monday's session on Covariant Loop Quantum Gravity and Spin foams (Session B) and Foundations of Quantum Gravity (Session C). Finally, Thursday and Friday evenings were devoted to Loop Quantum Cosmology (Session A) and to Hamiltonian Loop Quantum Gravity (Session B). The result of the conference was very satisfactory and enlightening. Not only was it a showroom for the research currently being carried out by many groups throughout the world, but there was also a permanent look towards the future. During these days, the CSIC Campus witnessed many scientific conversations triggered by the interaction amongst the people and groups that participated in LOOPS'11 Madrid and which, in many cases, will crystallise into new results and advances in the field. The conference would not have been possible without the generous help of a number of national and international institutions. The organizers would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación), the Spanish Research Council, CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientĺficas), The BBVA Foundation (Fundación BBVA), The CONSOLIDER-CPAN project, the Spanish Society for Gravitation and Relativity (SEGRE), The Universidad Carlos III of Madrid (UC3M), and the European Science Foundation (ESF). The ESF, through the Quantum Gravity and Quantum Geometry network, provided full support for a number of young participants that have contributed to these proceedings: Dario Benedetti (Albert Einstein Institute, Potsdam, Germany), Norbert Bodendorfer (Institute for Theoretical Physics III, FAU Erlangen Nürnberg, Germany), Mariam Bouhmadi López (CENTRA, Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofĺsica, Lisbon), Timothy Budd (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, The Netherlands), Miguel Campiglia (Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, Penn State University, USA), Gianluca Delfino (School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK), Maite Dupuis (Institute for Theoretical Physics III, FAU Erlangen Nürnberg, Germany), Michał Dziendzikowski (Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, Poland), Muxin Han (Centre de Physique Théorique de Luminy, Marseille, France), Philipp Höhn (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, The Netherlands), Jacek Puchta (Centre de Physique Théorique de Luminy, Marseille, France), James Ryan (Albert Einstein Institute, Potsdam, Germany), Lorenzo Sindoni (Albert Einstein Institute, Golm, Germany), David Sloan (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, The Netherlands), Johannes Tambornino (Laboratoire de Physique, ENS Lyon, France), Andreas Thurn (Institute for Theoretical Physics III, FAU Erlangen Nürnberg, Germany), Francesca Vidotto (Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Grenoble, France), and Matteo Smerlak (Albert Einstein Institute, Golm, Germany). We would like to conclude this preamble by thanking all the attendants of the conference for their high and enthusiastic participation. The presence of a large number of past and present Loop Quantum Gravity practitioners, as well as a significant number of top researchers in other approaches to quantum gravity, provided ample opportunities for fruitful scientific exchanges and a very lively atmosphere. It is encouraging to see that, 25 years after the inception of Loop Quantum Gravity, there is a vibrant young community of researchers entering the field. Let us hope that, with their help, the quantization of general relativity can be successfully accomplished in the near future. The Editors Conference photograph

The Scoring of Integrative Complexity as a Tool in Forecasting Adversary Intentions: Three Case Studies

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

certaines crises internationales. En analysant des documents et des archives sonores remis par des chefs nationaux et des groupes dirigeants, on a constaté...de lettres, de notes officielles, etc., de chefs et de groupes dirigeants identifiés, comme les conseils de ministre ou des équipes de résolution...Voulant conserver le pouvoir, les fidèles de Mugabe ont lancé une série d’attaques physiques contre les chefs et les membres de l’opposition, et ce

Transcendental Meditation

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

K.Wallace, qui vient des Etats Unis, parle des effects physiologiques de la méditation transcendantale. Il a fait son bachelor en physique à l'Université de Los Angeles et son doctorat en physiologie aussi à Los Angeles, mais à l'Institut de Recherche sur le cerveau. Il travaille maintenat à Harvard Medical School ou il continue des recherches biochimiques et physiologiques sur l'application médicale de la méditation transcendantale. Il s'occupe principalement des maladies cardiaques et de hypertension artérielle.

Modelling of Molecular Structures and Properties in Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Forty-Fourth International Meeting (Modelisation des Structures et Proprietes Moleculaires en Chimie Physique et en Biophysique, Quarante- Quatrieme Reunion Internationale)

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-09-01

pyridone).Previous work on, py/ridimum, pyrazinjumn or pyrimidi im salts Koon 2 -pyrimloone and 2 - pyrimidone salts [43j have shown that some...forces. Acct . r ~[U... •K;.i. LJ , ’ 0, ’’ .t_I ..- .It . ( :.. 2 A VIBRATIONAL MOLECULAR FORCE FIELD FOR .ACROMOLECULA-R MODELLI= Gerard VERGOTENi...microscopic point of view are (1) understanding, ( 2 ) interpretation of experimental results, (3) semiquantitative estimates of experimental results and (4

A scientist born in amiens : jacques rohault (1620-1672) (French Title: Un savant amiénois : jacques rohault (1620-1672))

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Le Boeuffle, A.

2004-12-01

Jacques Rohault is born in Amiens town at the beginning of the seventeen century. After the Middle Ages, science try to use nex methods and want to abandon Greek's dogmas. Rohault came to Paris to continue his studies and met J.B. Poquelin (Molière). He became a friend an a supporter of René Descartes. He was a very popular scientist. He practised many experiments in public and writed the book La physique to popularize science.

Persistance de la veine cave supérieure gauche: à propos d'un cas

PubMed Central

Abidi, Kamel; Jellouli, Manel; Hammi, Yousra; Gargah, Tahar

2015-01-01

La persistance de la veine cave supérieure gauche (PVCSG) est une malformation congénitale rare et bénigne. Elle est souvent asymptomatique et sa découverte est dans la majorité des cas fortuite. Nous rapportons le cas d'un enfant chez lequel on découvre cette anomalie suite à une perte de connaissance. S.M, âgé de 9 ans, sans antécédents pathologiques notables, admis pour perte de connaissance de durée brève, sans mouvements anormaux toniques ou cloniques. L'examen physique à son admission est normal. L’électrocardiogramme est sans anomalies. La radiographie du thorax a montré un arc moyen gauche en double contour. Le Holter rythmique a montré des signes d'hyperréactivité vagale. L’échocardiographie trans-thoracique (ETT) a mis en évidence une dilatation nette du sinus coronaire et a éliminé la présence d'une cardiopathie. Une angio- IRM cardiaque a confirmé le diagnostic de PVCSG. Par ailleurs l'aorte thoracique a été normale dans ces différents segments. PMID:26664537

Elemental analysis of different varieties of rice samples using XRF technique

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaur, Jaspreet, E-mail: gillpreet05051812@gmail.com; Kumar, Anil, E-mail: gilljaspreet06@gmail.com

Rice is most consumed staple food in the world providing over 21% of the calorie intake of world’s population having high yielding capacity. Elements detected in rice are Al, As, Br, Cd, Cl, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Rb, Se and Zn by using Instrumental Neutron Activation with k0 standardization (R. Jayasekera etal,2004). Some of these trace elements are C, H, O, N, S, Ca, P, K, Na, Cl, Mn, Ti, Mg, Cu, Fe, Ni, Si and Zn are essential for growth of human physique The deficiency or excess of these elements in food is knownmore » to cause a variety of malnutrition or health disorders in the world. Every year, various varieties of rice are launched by Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana. The main purpose of which is to increases the yield to attain the maximum profit. But this leads to changing the elemental concentration in them, which may affect the human health according to variation in the nutrition values. The main objective is to study the presence of elemental concentration in various varieties of rice using EDXRF technique.« less

Les grands accélérateurs de particules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patoux, A.; Perot, J.

1991-02-01

The different types of accelerators are recalled with emphasis on the most powerful : the synchrotron particle colliders. The use of superconductors in accelerator magnets as well as in RF cavities is discussed. The characteristics of the large accelerators, existing and planned, are given together with the level of industry involvement in their construction. Details concerning superconducting magnets and cryogenic plants are investigated. Finally, detectors, the most important tool for physics, are mentionned. Après avoir rappelé les différents types d'accélérateurs utilisés, l'accent est mis sur les plus puissants, c'est-à-dire les synchrotrons fonctionnant en anneaux de collision. Le rôle des supraconducteurs est analysé aussi bien pour les aimants que pour les cavités accélératrices. Les caractéristiques des principaux accélérateurs existants ou en projet sont données ainsi que l'implication de l'industrie dans leur fabrication. On insiste plus particulièrement sur les aimants supraconducteurs et les installations cryogéniques. Enfin les détecteurs, éléments indispensables à la physique, sont également évoqués.

U.S. truck driver anthropometric study and multivariate anthropometric models for cab designs.

PubMed

Guan, Jinhua; Hsiao, Hongwei; Bradtmiller, Bruce; Kau, Tsui-Ying; Reed, Matthew R; Jahns, Steven K; Loczi, Josef; Hardee, H Lenora; Piamonte, Dominic Paul T

2012-10-01

This study presents data from a large-scale anthropometric study of U.S. truck drivers and the multivariate anthropometric models developed for the design of next-generation truck cabs. Up-to-date anthropometric information of the U.S. truck driver population is needed for the design of safe and ergonomically efficient truck cabs. We collected 35 anthropometric dimensions for 1,950 truck drivers (1,779 males and 171 females) across the continental United States using a sampling plan designed to capture the appropriate ethnic, gender, and age distributions of the truck driver population. Truck drivers are heavier than the U.S.general population, with a difference in mean body weight of 13.5 kg for males and 15.4 kg for females. They are also different in physique from the U.S. general population. In addition, the current truck drivers are heavier and different in physique compared to their counterparts of 25 to 30 years ago. The data obtained in this study provide more accurate anthropometric information for cab designs than do the current U.S. general population data or truck driver data collected 25 to 30 years ago. Multivariate anthropometric models, spanning 95% of the current truck driver population on the basis of a set of 12 anthropometric measurements, have been developed to facilitate future cab designs. The up-to-date truck driver anthropometric data and multivariate anthropometric models will benefit the design of future truck cabs which, in turn, will help promote the safety and health of the U.S. truck drivers.

Recognition of body image and food behavior factors among middle school students in San Francisco area

PubMed Central

2007-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the recognition of body image and food behavior factors according to the BMI. The subjects of this study were 242 7th grade students resided in San Francisco area. The degree of recognition for self-estimated physique of subjects by gender and by race showed no significant differences by gender but significant differences by race, showing that 20.0% was considered as underweight in Asian and 7.5% was considered as underweight in White students. This showed the same tendency as actual physique status (BMI). Also, the ratio of being recognized as more than overweight was 17.3% in Asian, 23.3% in Hispanic, and 13.4% in White students. In case of female students, the ratio of dieting experience was 63.3%, and 49.3% of White students and 63.3% of Hispanic students experienced dieting. In case of students answered not healthy, their body weight were significantly higher than those answered as healthy, and the BMI was also over 19, showing significant differences. Thus cases that answered as not healthy had greater body weight and BMI. Also it showed that frequent dieting experience is related to higher height and weight. The analysis of food behavior factors perceived by body shape showed that the group perceived itself as overweight consumed more 'fast food' but had low scores in 'vegetables' intake, with frequent intake of 'soda' and tendency to 'overeat'. Also, the tendency for 'balanced life' was significantly lower and for skipping breakfast was significantly higher, suggesting problematic food behavior. PMID:20535383

Do Bodybuilders Use Evidence-Based Nutrition Strategies to Manipulate Physique?

PubMed Central

Gifford, Janelle; Estermann, Frederico

2017-01-01

Competitive bodybuilders undergo strict dietary and training practices to achieve an extremely lean and muscular physique. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe different dietary strategies used by bodybuilders, their rationale, and the sources of information from which these strategies are gathered. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven experienced (10.4 ± 3.4 years bodybuilding experience), male, natural bodybuilders. Participants were asked about training, dietary and supplement practices, and information resources for bodybuilding strategies. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. During the off-season, energy intake was higher and less restricted than during the in-season to aid in muscle hypertrophy. There was a focus on high protein intake with adequate carbohydrate to permit high training loads. To create an energy deficit and loss of fat mass, energy intake was gradually and progressively reduced during the in-season via a reduction in carbohydrate and fat intake. The rationale for weekly higher carbohydrate refeed days was to offset declines in metabolic rate and fatigue, while in the final “peak week” before competition, the reasoning for fluid and sodium manipulation and carbohydrate loading was to enhance the appearance of leanness and vascularity. Other bodybuilders, coaches and the internet were significant sources of information. Despite the common perception of extreme, non-evidence-based regimens, these bodybuilders reported predominantly using strategies which are recognized as evidence-based, developed over many years of experience. Additionally, novel strategies such as weekly refeed days to enhance fat loss, and sodium and fluid manipulation, warrant further investigation to evaluate their efficacy and safety.

Studies of human physique and sexual attractiveness: sexual preferences of men and women in China.

PubMed

Dixson, Barnaby J; Dixson, Alan F; Li, Baoguo; Anderson, M J

2007-01-01

Men and women at Northwest University (n = 631), Xi'an, China, were asked to rate the attractiveness of male or female figures manipulated to vary somatotype, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), secondary sexual traits, and other features. In study 1, women rated the average masculine somatotype as most attractive, followed by the mesomorphic (muscular), ectomorphic (slim), and endomorphic (heavily built) somatotypes, in descending order of preference. In study 2, the amount and distribution of masculine trunk (chest and abdominal) hair were altered progressively in a series of front-posed figures. Women rated figures with no or little trunk hair as most attractive. Study 3 assessed the attractiveness of front-posed male figures which varied only in length of their nonerect penis. Numerical ratings for this trait were low, but moderate lengthening of the penis (22% or 33% above average) resulted in a significant increase in scores for attractiveness. In study 4, Chinese men rated the attractiveness of back-posed female images varying in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR from 0.5-1.0). The 0.6 WHR figure was most preferred, followed by 0.7, while figures with higher ratios (0.9 or 1.0) were significantly less attractive. Study 5 rated the attractiveness of female skin color: men expressed a marked preference for images which were lighter in color, as compared to images of average or darker skin colors. These results, the first of their kind reported for a Chinese population, support the view that sexual selection has influenced the evolution of human physique and sexual attractiveness in men and women.

Social physique anxiety and disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors in adolescents: moderating effects of sport, sport-related characteristics, and gender.

PubMed

Lanfranchi, Marie-Christine; Maïano, Christophe; Morin, Alexandre J S; Therme, Pierre

2015-02-01

The involvement of adolescents presenting high levels of social physique anxiety (SPA) in sport practice has been hypothesized as potentially problematic in terms of being associated with disturbed eating attitudes and behaviors (DEAB). Indeed, sport practice itself has been reported to be associated with higher levels of SPA and DEAB, and sport settings may sometimes promote unhealthy life habits. Nevertheless, current studies are few and present several limitations. The objective of the present study was to examine these relationships among adolescents involved or not in various types (i.e., leanness and individual) and contexts (i.e., organized and competitive) of sport practice. The sample included 766 French adolescents (337 boys and 429 girls), aged between 11 and 18 years, involved (n = 335) or not (n = 431) in sport practice. SPA and DEAB were assessed using French adaptations of the SPA scale and the Eating Attitudes Test-26. The results reveal a significant and positive association between SPA and the DEAB scales. Furthermore, they show a positive relationship between SPA and (a) vomiting-purging behaviors in adolescents involved in individual sports and (b) generic DEAB (i.e., a subscale covering fear of getting fat, food preoccupation, and eating-related guilt), particularly in adolescents involved in individual sports. The relationship between SPA and DEAB does not differ according to adolescents' involvement in sport practice or according to their involvement in organized, competitive, or leanness sport practice more specifically. However, higher levels of SPA and DEAB were observed in adolescents involved in individual sports.

Nutritional and environmental studies on an ocean-going oil tanker. 3. Energy balances and physique

PubMed Central

Eddy, T. P.; Stock, Anne L.; Wheeler, Erica F.

1971-01-01

Eddy, T. P., Stock, Anne L., and Wheeler, Erica F. (1971).Brit. J. industr. Med.,28, 330-341. Nutritional and environmental studies on an ocean-going oil tanker. 3. Energy balances and physique. During the voyage of the oil tanker S.S. Esso Newcastle to the Persian Gulf(July to August, 1967) the average dietary intake of the whole ship's complement was measured on eight days at different periods of the voyage. In addition, the individual intakes of six subjects (three crew and three students) were measured on three occasions over periods of three days. Estimates were also made of the energy expenditures of three members of the crew and body weight and skinfold thickness were measured. Energy expenditure balanced energy intake in two of the crew members investigated. In the third crew subject, expenditure exceeded intake and there was a slight loss of weight. Two out of the three student subjects showed a significant gain in weight by the end of the voyage. The average calorie intake for the ship was 15·07 megajoules (MJ) (3600 kcal) per man per day (of which 13·23 MJ (3160 kcal) were derived from non-alcoholic sources). This is the United Kingdom recommended intake for very active men. Issues on the Esso Newcastle were 18·83 MJ (4500 kcal)/man/day; the difference between provision and consumption was found to be similar to that reported for Scandinavian vessels. Though the crew tended to be heavier than British landsmen, they did not appear to be abnormally fat. Weight was attributable to muscularity. PMID:5124833

Real-Time Physiological and Psycho-Physiological Status Monitoring (Suivi en Temps reel de l’Etat Physiologique et Psycho-Physiologique)

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

des Maquis du Grésivaudan 38702 La Tronche Cedex Phone: +33 4 7663 6975 Fax: +33 4 7663 6945 email: lionelbourdon@crssa.net VC...imassa.fr ICT Chantal JIMENEZ CRSSA/Unité de l’Exercice Physique & Hydromineral 24, av. des Maquis du Grésivaudan BP 87 38702 La Tronche Cedex...d’un état physiologique associé à une mesure de fiabilité des données, etc. Le chapitre du Dr. Gunga énumère les méthodologies d’évaluation des

Retirement Kjell Johnsen

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

A l'occasion de son 65me anniversaire plusieurs orateurs (aussi l'ambassadeur de Norvège) remercient Kjell Johnsen, né en juin 1921 en Norvège, pour ses 34 ans de service au Cern et retracent sa vie et son travail. K.Johnsen a pris part aux premières études sur les accélérateurs du futur centre de physique et fut aussi le père et le premier directeur de l'Ecole du Cern sur les accélérateurs (CAS)

The Problem of Preconcentration of Uranium Ores by Physical Processes; LES PROBLEMES DE LA PRECONCENTRATION DES MINERAIS D'URANIUM PAR VOIE PHYSIQUE. LE TRIAGE ELECTRONIQUE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vuchot, L.; Ginocchio, A. et al.

1959-10-31

As uranium ores, like most other ores, are not definite substances which can be treated directly for the production of the metal, the ores must be concentrated. The common physical processes used for all ores, such as sieving, gravimetric separation, flotation, electromagnetic separation, and electrostatic separation, are applicable to the beneficiation of uranium. The radioactivity of uranium ores has led to a radiometric method for the concentration. This method is described in detail. As an example, the preconcentration of Forez ores is discussed. (J.S.R.)

Modelling of Molecular Structures and Properties. Proceedings of the International Meeting of Physical Chemistry on Modeling of Molecular Structures and Properties in Physical Chemistry and Biophysics Organized by the Division de Chimie Physique of the Societe Francaise de Chimie Held in Nancy, France on 11-15 September 1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

expert systems, "intelligent" computer-aided instruction , symbolic learning . These aspects will be discussed, focusing on the specific problems the...VLSI chips) according to preliminary specifications. Finally ES are also used in computer-aided instruction (CAI) due to their ability of... instructions to process controllers), academic teaching (for mathematics , physics, foreign language, etc.). Domains of application The different

Dynamique d'un oscillateur photoréfractif : instabilités et analogie avec la loi de Curie-Weiss

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mathey, P.; Odoulov, S. G.; Rytz, D.

2002-06-01

La dynamique et l'état stationnaire du faisceau issu d'une cavité oscillante comprenant un cristal non-linéaire de titanate de baryum utilisé en tant que miroir à conjugaison de phase sont étudiés. Le paramètre du système étant le gain du milieu non-linéaire, les dépendances de l'intensité de l'oscillation et de l'inverse du temps de réponse sont similaires aux lois de Curie en physique du solide.

Using hegemonic masculinity to explain gay male attraction to muscular and athletic men.

PubMed

Lanzieri, Nicholas; Hildebrandt, Tom

2011-01-01

This article reviews relevant research on male homosexual attraction. Utilizing masculinity as its theoretical frame, the authors use childhood experiences with both fathers and peers, the gay community's inculcation of heteronormative ideologies, and the gay media's adherence to masculine prototypes, to provide causal explanations for the appeal of muscular, lean, and athletic physiques. While the authors acknowledge that not all individuals within the gay community look toward muscularity and athleticism as the primary components of attractiveness, it nonetheless remains important to examine the theoretical perspectives that may explain the appeal of this specific aesthetic.

Comprendre. La détection des ondes gravitationnelles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Man, Catherine Nary

2017-12-01

Détecter les ondes gravitationnelles sur Terre est un défi fou relevé depuis les années 80. Cette infime vibration de l'espacetemps chère à Einstein et prédite par lui il y a plus de cent ans, est enfin mesurée par trois interféromètres géants dont un européen Virgo et deux américains LIGO, tous trois mis au point depuis presque deux décennies et travaillant en étroite collaboration dans tous les domaines de la physique.

[Comparative study of retention of a Zn phosphate cement and 4-META].

PubMed

Maroto Garcia, J

1990-12-01

The recent appearance, in the market of the supercements, suggest to us, news concepts of retention-adhesion, of our preparations, that they are going to put in to the mouth. Between his applications, we have the cementation of crowns, post or dowels, adhesive-prosthesis, and inlays. According to the manufactures, the long duration of the bond power, his great physiques properties, and his easy management, gives to this products a good conditions, to use in the mouth. The present report to prove in vitro, the retentive capacity on the dentine without treatment, and metal.

Memorial V.J.Glaser

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

Plusieurs orateurs rendent hommage au grand physicien et scientifique Vladimir Jurko Glaser (1924 - 1984) qui travaillait au Ruder Boscovic Institut à Zagreb avant de venir au Cern en 1957 où il trouvait un poste permanent au département de physique théorique. Walter Tearing, Harry Lehmann,Henry Epstein, Jacques Bros et André Martin font des résumés biographiques de leurs collègue et ami en honorant ses grands qualités d'homme et ses remarquables conquêtes de la science et leurs accomplissement.

Traitements didactiques preventifs d'un type de conceptions erronees en sciences physiques chez des eleves du secondaire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blondin, Andre

Dans un contexte constructiviste, les connaissances anterieures d'un individu sont essentielles a la construction de nouvelles connaissances. Quelle qu'en soit la source (certaines de ces connaissances ont ete elaborees en classe, d'autres ont ete elaborees par interaction personnelle de l'individu avec son environnement physique et social), ces connaissances, une fois acquises, constituent les matieres premieres de l'elaboration des nouvelles conceptions de cet individu. Generalement, cette influence est consideree comme positive. Cependant, dans un milieu scolaire ou l'apprentissage de certaines conceptions enchassees dans un programme d'etudes et enterinees par l'ensemble d'une communaute est obligatoire, certaines connaissances anterieures peuvent entraver la construction des conceptions exigees par la communaute. La litterature abonde de tels exemples. Cependant, certaines connaissances anterieures, en soi tout a fait conformes a l'Heritage, peuvent aussi, parce qu'utilisees de facon non pertinente, entraver la construction d'une conception exigee par la communaute. Ici, la litterature nous donne peu d'exemples de ce type, mais nous en fournirons quelques-uns dans le cadre theorique, et ce sera un d'entre eux qui servira de base a nos propos. En effet, une grande proportion d'eleves inscrits a un cours de sciences physiques de la quatrieme secondaire, en reponse a un probleme deja solutionne durant l'annee et redonne lors d'un examen sommatif, "Pourquoi la Lune nous montre-t-elle toujours la meme face?", attribue principalement la cause de ce phenomene a la rotation de la Terre sur son axe. En tant que responsable de l'enseignement de ce programme d'etudes, plusieurs questions nous sont venues a l'esprit, entre autres, comment, dans un contexte constructiviste, est-il possible de reduire chez un eleve, l'impact de cette connaissance anterieure dans l'elaboration de la solution et ainsi prevenir la construction d'une conception erronee? Nous avons teste nos hypotheses avec la cohorte suivante d'eleves chez qui se repetaient les memes conditions d'apprentissage. Nous avons utilise le design de recherche "posttest only" de Campbell et Stanley. En mai, apres le moment prevu dans la planification du programme pour donner le probleme aux eleves, nous avons suggere deux facons differentes de reviser la solution de ce probleme. Les eleves du premier groupe experimental ont revise sans que soit activee la connaissance anterieure apprehendee de la rotation de la Terre. Les eleves du deuxieme groupe experimental ont ete confrontes, par des questions et une simulation, au fait que la rotation de la Terre n'est pas une connaissance pertinente pour resoudre le probleme. Les groupes temoins et les groupes experimentaux ont ete choisis au hasard dans le bassin des ecoles secondaires de la commission scolaire. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Etudes physiques des mélanges eau-cryoprotecteurs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vassoille, R.; Perez, J.

The aim of the following review is to present the most important studies concerning the physical properties of water-solutes mixtures used in cryobiology. Cryobiology is a branch of biology which deals with the very low temperature behaviour of cells. This technique is developed today in several directions. The creation of banks of cells and perhaps in a short time of small organs, is the purpose of much research in this domain. Before freezing, living cells are generally put in a solution containing one or more solutes. The role of these solutes is to protect the cells against damage due to crystallization of water (cryoprotectors). The mechanisms of cryoprotection are not well known ; nevertheless the vitreous state formation during cooling is often invoked. So, it is possible to avoid crystallization damage such as mechanical strain (due to an increase of volume of about 10 %) and salt effects (due to osmotic pressure). The conditions in which the vitreous state is obtained, maintained during cooling, storage at low temperature and rewarming can be defined by physical studies presented in the following review. Le présent travail est essentiellement une revue bibliographique des principales études physiques qui ont été réalisées avec des solutions de composés habituellement employés en cryobiologie. La cryobiologie est une branche de la biologie qui s'intéresse au comportement des cellules à basse température. Cette discipline est actuellement en plein développement dans des domaines très divers. Son principal but est la création de banques de cellules de plus en plus complexes avec comme perspective la conservation des organes. Les cellules vivantes sont généralement placées avant congélation dans une solution contenant divers composés dont le rôle est de protéger les cellules contre les effets de la cristallisation de l'eau. L'action protectrice de ces cryoprotecteurs est encore mal connue; cependant, la formation d'un état vitreux lors du refroidissement est souvent invoquée. Ainsi, il est possible d'éviter les dommages liés à la cristallisation : contrainte mécanique due à l'augmentation de volume, effets de sel dus à l'existence d'un gradient de pression osmotique de part et d'autre de la membrane cellulaire. Les conditions d'obtention et de maintien de cet état vitreux lors des opérations de congélation peuvent être définies par des études physiques dont nous proposons une revue.

L’évaluation du risque cardiaque avant l’utilisation de stimulants chez les enfants et les adolescents

PubMed Central

Bélanger, SA; Warren, AE; Hamilton, RM; Gray, C; Gow, RM; Sanatani, S; Côté, J-M; Lougheed, J; LeBlanc, J; Martin, S; Miles, B; Mitchell, C; Gorman, DA; Weiss, M; Schachar, R

2009-01-01

Les décisions en matière de réglementation et les documents scientifiques au sujet de la prise en charge du trouble de déficit de l’attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) soulèvent des questions quant à l’innocuité des médicaments et à l’évaluation convenable à effectuer avant le traitement afin de déterminer la pertinence d’une pharmacothérapie. Ce constat est particulièrement vrai en présence de cardiopathies structurelles ou fonctionnelles. Le présent article contient l’analyse des données disponibles, y compris les publications révisées par des pairs, des données tirées du site Web de la Food and Drug Administration des États-Unis au sujet des réactions indésirables déclarées chez des enfants qui prennent des stimulants, ainsi que des données de Santé Canada sur le même problème. Des lignes directrices consensuelles sur l’évaluation pertinente sont proposées d’après l’apport des membres de la Société canadienne de pédiatrie, de la Société canadienne de cardiologie et de l’Académie canadienne de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, qui possèdent notamment des compétences et des connaissances précises tant dans le secteur du TDAH que de la cardiologie pédiatrique. Le présent document de principes prône une anamnèse et un examen physique détaillés avant la prescription de stimulants et s’attarde sur le dépistage des facteurs de risque de mort subite, mais il ne contient pas de recommandations systématiques de dépistage électrocardiographique ou de consultations avec un spécialiste en cardiologie, à moins que les antécédents ou que l’examen physique ne le justifient. Le document contient un questionnaire pour repérer les enfants potentiellement vulnérables à une mort subite (quel que soit le type de TDAH ou les médicaments utilisés pour le traiter). Même si les recommandations dépendent des meilleures données probantes disponibles, le comité s’entend pour affirmer que d’autres recherches s’imposent pour optimiser l’approche de ce scénario clinique courant.

THz Spectroscopy of Excited Torsional States of Monodeuterated Methyl Formate (DCOOCH_3)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carvajal, Miguel; Duan, Chuanxi; Yu, Shanshan; Pearson, John; Drouin, Brian; Kleiner, Isabelle

2016-06-01

Recently, a measurement of the rotational spectrum of DCOOCH_3 has been carried out in the frequency range from 0.85 to 1.5 THz at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) (Duan et al. 2015). These JPL data and the available spectroscopic millimeter- and submillimeter-wave data (Margulès et al. 2010 and references therein) of the ground state were analyzed using the Rho Axis Method (RAM) (Kleiner 2010). At present, a new analysis of JPL lines of DCOOCH_3 in the first excited vt=1 torsional states is undertaken. This analysis may help the future identification of vt=1 lines in the interstellar and circumstellar media as was carried out for the vt=0 lines in Orion KL (Margulès et al. 2010). In this communication, the progress of this study is presented as well as a short outline of the spectral analyses accomplished for other methyl formate isotopologues. C. Duan, M. Carvajal, S. Yu, J.C. Pearson, B.J. Drouin, I. Kleiner 2015, A&A, 576, A39 I. Kleiner 2010, J. Mol. Spectroc., 260, 1 L. Margulès, T.R. Huet, J. Demaison, M. Carvajal, I. Kleiner, H. Møllendal, B. Tercero, N. Marcelino, J. Cernicharo 2010, ApJ, 714, 1120 This research is supported by the FIS2014-53448-C2-2-P project (MINECO, Spain), the French PCMI (Programme National de Physique Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174098). Portions of this work is carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Government sponsorship is acknowledged.

Effects of an energy balance educational intervention and the COPE cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for Division I U.S. Air Force Academy female athletes.

PubMed

Buffington, Brenda C; Melnyk, Bernadette M; Morales, Shelly; Lords, Amanda; Zupan, Michael R

2016-04-01

Female athletes struggle harder than male athletes to lose body fat and maintain a leaner physique. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an educational and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based intervention on knowledge, body composition, anxiety, stress, and nutritional intake. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 153 female athletes from the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA). Participants were assigned to one of three groups: (a) a combined energy balance and CBT-based intervention (E1); (b) a CBT-based intervention alone (E2); and (c) a control group (C). Main outcomes included a DXA scan for body composition, a knowledge test, the GAD-7 for anxiety, the brief inventory of perceived stress (BIPS) for stress, and a 24-h food recall. Significant improvement on knowledge of energy balance occurred in all three groups E1 (p < .001), E2, and C (p < .05). Significant reductions in percentage of body fat occurred in E1 (p < .001) and E2 (p < .05). There also were significant reductions in the percent of fat consumed by E1 (p < .05) and saturated fat consumed by both E1 and E2 (p < .05). The control group only demonstrated a significant increase in stress as measured by the BIPS (p < .05). A combined energy balance and CBT-based intervention improves knowledge and body fat. The importance to assess knowledge, anxiety, stress, nutrition intake, and percentage of body fat in female athletes and to deliver evidence-based interventions to improve their health outcomes. ©2016 American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

Le pompage optique naturel dans le milieu astrophysique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pecker, J.-C.

The title of this lecture abstracts only a part of it : the importance in astrophysics of the study of non-LTE situations has become considerable, as well in the stellar atmospheres as, still more, in the study of fortuitous coincidences as a mechanism of formation of emission line nebular spectra, or of molecular interstellar « masers ». Another part of this talk underlines the role of Kastler in his time, and describes his warm personality through his public reactions in front of the nuclear armement, of the Viet-Nam and Algerian wars, of the problems of political refugees... Kastler was a great scientist ; he was also a courageous humanist. 1976 : Les accords nucléaires du Brésil : allocution d'ouverture (19 mars). Colloque sur le sujet ci-dessus. 1976 : La promotion de la culture dans le nouvel ordre économique international, allocution à l'occasion d'une table ronde sur ce thème par l'UNESCO (23-27 juin 1976) ; « Sciences et Techniques », octobre 1976. 1979 : La bête immonde (avec J.-C. Pecker), « Le Matin », 20 mars. 1979 : Appel à nos ministres (avec J.-C. Pecker), « Le Monde », 13 décembre. 1979 : Le flou, le ténébreux, l'irrationnel (avec J.-C. Pecker), « Le Monde », 14 septembre. 1980 : Education à la paix, Préface, in : Publ. UNESCO. 1981 : Le vrai danger, « Le Monde », 6 août 1981. 1982 : Nucléaire civil et militaire, « Le Monde », 1er juin 1982. 1982 : Les scientifiques face à la perspective d'holocauste nucléaire (texte inédit). Le titre de cette communication en résume seulement une partie : l'importance prise en astrophysique par l'analyse des situations hors ETL est devenue considérable, qu'il s'agisse des atmosphères stellaires, ou plus encore, des coïncidences fortuites de la formation des spectres d'émission nébulaires, ou des « masers » moléculaires interstellaires. Une autre partie de cet exposé souligne le rôle de Kastler dans son époque, et décrit sa personnalité généreuse à travers ses réactions publiques face à l'armement nucléaire, aux guerres de Viet-Nam et d'Algérie, aux problèmes des réfugiés politiques... Kastler était un grand savant, mais aussi un homme courageux.

PHENIX Collaboration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Akimoto, R.; Al-Bataineh, H.; Al-Ta'ani, H.; Alexander, J.; Alfred, M.; Andrews, K. R.; Angerami, A.; Aoki, K.; Apadula, N.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelt, E.; Aramaki, Y.; Armendariz, R.; Aronson, S. H.; Asai, J.; Asano, H.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Atomssa, E. T.; Averbeck, R.; Awes, T. C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bai, M.; Bai, X.; Baksay, G.; Baksay, L.; Baldisseri, A.; Bandara, N. S.; Bannier, B.; Barish, K. N.; Barnes, P. D.; Bassalleck, B.; Basye, A. T.; Bathe, S.; Batsouli, S.; Baublis, V.; Baumann, C.; Baumgart, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Beckman, S.; Belikov, S.; Belmont, R.; Ben-Benjamin, J.; Bennett, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Bhom, J. H.; Bickley, A. A.; Bing, X.; Black, D.; Blau, D. S.; Boissevain, J. G.; Bok, J. S.; Borel, H.; Boyle, K.; Brooks, M. L.; Broxmeyer, D.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Buesching, H.; Bumazhnov, V.; Bunce, G.; Butsyk, S.; Camacho, C. M.; Campbell, S.; Caringi, A.; Castera, P.; Chang, B. S.; Chang, W. C.; Charvet, J.-L.; Chen, C.-H.; Chernichenko, S.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiba, J.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Choi, S.; Choudhury, R. K.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chung, P.; Churyn, A.; Chvala, O.; Cianciolo, V.; Citron, Z.; Cleven, C. R.; Cole, B. A.; Comets, M. P.; Conesa del Valle, Z.; Connors, M.; Constantin, P.; Cronin, N.; Crossette, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Dahms, T.; Dairaku, S.; Danchev, I.; Das, K.; Datta, A.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Dayananda, M. K.; Deaton, M. B.; DeBlasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Delagrange, H.; Denisov, A.; d'Enterria, D.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dharmawardane, K. V.; Dietzsch, O.; Ding, L.; Dion, A.; Do, J. H.; Donadelli, M.; Drapier, O.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Dubey, A. K.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Dutta, D.; Dzhordzhadze, V.; D'Orazio, L.; Edwards, S.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Egdemir, J.; Ellinghaus, F.; Emam, W. S.; Engelmore, T.; Enokizono, A.; En'yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Eyser, K. O.; Fadem, B.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fleuret, F.; Fokin, S. L.; Fraenkel, Z.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fujiwara, K.; Fukao, Y.; Fusayasu, T.; Gadrat, S.; Gainey, K.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Garishvili, A.; Garishvili, I.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Glenn, A.; Gong, H.; Gong, X.; Gonin, M.; Gosset, J.; Goto, Y.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grim, G.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gu, Y.; Gunji, T.; Guo, L.; Guragain, H.; Gustafsson, H.-Å.; Hachiya, T.; Hadj Henni, A.; Haegemann, C.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamblen, J.; Han, R.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Harada, H.; Harper, C.; Hartouni, E. P.; Haruna, K.; Hasegawa, S.; Hashimoto, K.; Haslum, E.; Hayano, R.; Hayashi, S.; He, X.; Heffner, M.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hester, T.; Hiejima, H.; Hill, J. C.; Hobbs, R.; Hohlmann, M.; Hollis, R. S.; Holzmann, W.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Horaguchi, T.; Hori, Y.; Hornback, D.; Hoshino, T.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Ichihara, T.; Ichimiya, R.; Ide, J.; Iinuma, H.; Ikeda, Y.; Imai, K.; Imazu, Y.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Inoue, Y.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Isenhower, L.; Ishihara, M.; Isinhue, A.; Isobe, T.; Issah, M.; Isupov, A.; Ivanischev, D.; Ivanishchev, D.; Iwanaga, Y.; Jacak, B. V.; Javani, M.; Jeon, S. J.; Jezghani, M.; Jia, J.; Jiang, X.; Jin, J.; Jinnouchi, O.; John, D.; Johnson, B. M.; Jones, T.; Joo, E.; Joo, K. S.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kajihara, F.; Kametani, S.; Kamihara, N.; Kamin, J.; Kanda, S.; Kaneta, M.; Kaneti, S.; Kang, B. H.; Kang, J. H.; Kang, J. S.; Kanou, H.; Kapustinsky, J.; Karatsu, K.; Kasai, M.; Kawall, D.; Kawashima, M.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Kempel, T.; Key, J. A.; Khachatryan, V.; Khandai, P. K.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kihara, K.; Kijima, K. M.; Kikuchi, J.; Kim, A.; Kim, B. I.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, H.-J.; Kim, H. J.; Kim, K.-B.; Kim, M.; Kim, S. H.; Kim, Y.-J.; Kim, Y. K.; Kinney, E.; Kiriluk, K.; Kiss, Á.; Kistenev, E.; Kiyomichi, A.; Klatsky, J.; Klay, J.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Kleinjan, D.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Kochenda, L.; Kochetkov, V.; Kofarago, M.; Komatsu, Y.; Komkov, B.; Konno, M.; Koster, J.; Kotchetkov, D.; Kotov, D.; Kozlov, A.; Král, A.; Kravitz, A.; Krizek, F.; Kubart, J.; Kunde, G. J.; Kurihara, N.; Kurita, K.; Kurosawa, M.; Kweon, M. J.; Kwon, Y.; Kyle, G. S.; Lacey, R.; Lai, Y. S.; Lajoie, J. G.; Layton, D.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, B.; Lee, D. M.; Lee, G. H.; Lee, J.; Lee, K.; Lee, K. B.; Lee, K. S.; Lee, M. K.; Lee, S. H.; Lee, S. R.; Lee, T.; Leitch, M. J.; Leite, M. A. L.; Leitgab, M.; Leitner, E.; Lenzi, B.; Lewis, B.; Li, X.; Lichtenwalner, P.; Liebing, P.; Lim, S. H.; Linden Levy, L. A.; Liška, T.; Litvinenko, A.; Liu, H.; Liu, M. X.; Love, B.; Luechtenborg, R.; Lynch, D.; Maguire, C. F.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Ma, M.; Malakhov, A.; Malik, M. D.; Manion, A.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Mao, Y.; Maruyama, T.; Mašek, L.; Masui, H.; Masumoto, S.; Matathias, F.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Means, N.; Meles, A.; Mendoza, M.; Meredith, B.; Miake, Y.; Mibe, T.; Midori, J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mikeš, P.; Miki, K.; Miller, A. J.; Miller, T. E.; Milov, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D. K.; Mishra, M.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitrovski, M.; Miyachi, Y.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, A. K.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, H. J.; Moon, T.; Morino, Y.; Morreale, A.; Morrison, D. P.; Moskowitz, M.; Motschwiller, S.; Moukhanova, T. V.; Mukhopadhyay, D.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Mwai, A.; Nagae, T.; Nagamiya, S.; Nagata, Y.; Nagle, J. L.; Naglis, M.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakamiya, Y.; Nakamura, K. R.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, K.; Nam, S.; Nattrass, C.; Nederlof, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Newby, J.; Nguyen, M.; Nihashi, M.; Niida, T.; Norman, B. E.; Nouicer, R.; Novak, T.; Novitzky, N.; Nukariya, A.; Nyanin, A. S.; Oakley, C.; Obayashi, H.; O'Brien, E.; Oda, S. X.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Ohnishi, H.; Oide, H.; Oka, M.; Okada, K.; Omiwade, O. O.; Onuki, Y.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ouchida, M.; Ozaki, H.; Ozawa, K.; Pak, R.; Pal, D.; Palounek, A. P. T.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, B. H.; Park, I. H.; Park, J.; Park, S.; Park, S. K.; Park, W. J.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, L.; Patel, M.; Pei, H.; Peng, J.-C.; Pereira, H.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peresedov, V.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pinson, R.; Pisani, R. P.; Proissl, M.; Purschke, M. L.; Purwar, A. K.; Qu, H.; Rak, J.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Ravinovich, I.; Read, K. F.; Rembeczki, S.; Reuter, M.; Reygers, K.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richardson, E.; Riveli, N.; Roach, D.; Roche, G.; Rolnick, S. D.; Romana, A.; Rosati, M.; Rosen, C. A.; Rosendahl, S. S. E.; Rosnet, P.; Rowan, Z.; Rubin, J. G.; Rukoyatkin, P.; Ružička, P.; Rykov, V. L.; Ryu, M. S.; Sahlmueller, B.; Saito, N.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sakai, S.; Sakashita, K.; Sakata, H.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sano, M.; Sano, S.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, S.; Sato, T.; Savastio, M.; Sawada, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seele, J.; Seidl, R.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Semenov, A. Yu.; Semenov, V.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sett, P.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shaver, A.; Shein, I.; Shevel, A.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shim, H. H.; Shimomura, M.; Shoji, K.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Silvestre, C.; Sim, K. S.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Skolnik, M.; Skutnik, S.; Slunečka, M.; Sodre, T.; Solano, S.; Soldatov, A.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Soumya, M.; Sourikova, I. V.; Sparks, N. A.; Staley, F.; Stankus, P. W.; Steinberg, P.; Stenlund, E.; Stepanov, M.; Ster, A.; Stoll, S. P.; Stone, M. R.; Sugitate, T.; Suire, C.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Sziklai, J.; Tabaru, T.; Takagi, S.; Takagui, E. M.; Takahara, A.; Taketani, A.; Tanabe, R.; Tanaka, Y.; Taneja, S.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tarján, P.; Tennant, E.; Themann, H.; Thomas, D.; Thomas, T. L.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Togawa, M.; Toia, A.; Tojo, J.; Tomášek, L.; Tomášek, M.; Tomita, Y.; Torii, H.; Towell, M.; Towell, R.; Towell, R. S.; Tram, V.-N.; Tserruya, I.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Tsuji, T.; Utsunomiya, K.; Vale, C.; Valle, H.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vargyas, M.; Vazquez-Zambrano, E.; Veicht, A.; Velkovska, J.; Vértesi, R.; Vinogradov, A. A.; Virius, M.; Voas, B.; Vossen, A.; Vrba, V.; Vznuzdaev, E.; Wagner, M.; Walker, D.; Wang, X. R.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wei, F.; Wei, R.; Wessels, J.; Whitaker, S.; White, S. N.; Winter, D.; Wolin, S.; Wood, J. P.; Woody, C. L.; Wright, R. M.; Wysocki, M.; Xia, B.; Xie, W.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yamaura, K.; Yang, R.; Yanovich, A.; Yasin, Z.; Ying, J.; Yokkaichi, S.; Yoo, J. S.; Yoon, I.; You, Z.; Young, G. R.; Younus, I.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zaudtke, O.; Zelenski, A.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, S.; Zimányi, J.; Zolin, L.

2014-12-01

We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the staff of the other PHENIX participating institutions for their vital contributions. We acknowledge support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, a sponsored research grant from Renaissance Technologies LLC, Abilene Christian University Research Council, Research Foundation of SUNY, and Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (USA), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Brazil), Natural Science Foundation of China, (People's Republic of China), Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports (Croatia), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (France), Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, and Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung (Germany), OTKA NK 101 428 grant and the Ch. Simonyi Fund (Hungary), Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology (India), Israel Science Foundation (Israel), National Research Foundation and WCU program of the Ministry Education Science and Technology (Republic of Korea), Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences (Pakistan), Ministry of Education and Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia), VR and Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden), the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, and the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation.

PHENIX Collaboration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adare, A.; Afanasiev, S.; Aidala, C.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Akiba, Y.; Akimoto, R.; Al-Bataineh, H.; Al-Ta'ani, H.; Alexander, J.; Alfred, M.; Andrews, K. R.; Angerami, A.; Aoki, K.; Apadula, N.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelt, E.; Aramaki, Y.; Armendariz, R.; Aronson, S. H.; Asai, J.; Asano, H.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Atomssa, E. T.; Averbeck, R.; Awes, T. C.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bai, M.; Bai, X.; Baksay, G.; Baksay, L.; Baldisseri, A.; Bandara, N. S.; Bannier, B.; Barish, K. N.; Barnes, P. D.; Barnes, P. D.; Bassalleck, B.; Basye, A. T.; Bathe, S.; Batsouli, S.; Baublis, V.; Baumann, C.; Baumgart, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Beckman, S.; Belikov, S.; Belmont, R.; Ben-Benjamin, J.; Bennett, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Bhom, J. H.; Bickley, A. A.; Bing, X.; Black, D.; Blau, D. S.; Boissevain, J. G.; Bok, J.; Bok, J. S.; Borel, H.; Boyle, K.; Brooks, M. L.; Broxmeyer, D.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Buesching, H.; Bumazhnov, V.; Bunce, G.; Butsyk, S.; Camacho, C. M.; Campbell, S.; Caringi, A.; Castera, P.; Chang, B. S.; Chang, W. C.; Charvet, J.-L.; Chen, C.-H.; Chernichenko, S.; Chi, C. Y.; Chiba, J.; Chiu, M.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Choi, S.; Choudhury, R. K.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Chung, P.; Churyn, A.; Chvala, O.; Cianciolo, V.; Citron, Z.; Cleven, C. R.; Cole, B. A.; Comets, M. P.; Conesa del Valle, Z.; Connors, M.; Constantin, P.; Cronin, N.; Crossette, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Dahms, T.; Dairaku, S.; Danchev, I.; Das, K.; Datta, A.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Dayananda, M. K.; Deaton, M. B.; DeBlasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Delagrange, H.; Denisov, A.; d'Enterria, D.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dharmawardane, K. V.; Dietzsch, O.; Ding, L.; Dion, A.; Do, J. H.; Donadelli, M.; Drapier, O.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Dubey, A. K.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; Dutta, D.; Dzhordzhadze, V.; D'Orazio, L.; Edwards, S.; Efremenko, Y. V.; Egdemir, J.; Ellinghaus, F.; Emam, W. S.; Engelmore, T.; Enokizono, A.; En'yo, H.; Esumi, S.; Eyser, K. O.; Fadem, B.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Fleuret, F.; Fokin, S. L.; Fraenkel, Z.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fujiwara, K.; Fukao, Y.; Fusayasu, T.; Gadrat, S.; Gainey, K.; Gal, C.; Gallus, P.; Garg, P.; Garishvili, A.; Garishvili, I.; Ge, H.; Giordano, F.; Glenn, A.; Gong, H.; Gong, X.; Gonin, M.; Gosset, J.; Goto, Y.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Grim, G.; Grosse Perdekamp, M.; Gu, Y.; Gunji, T.; Guo, L.; Guragain, H.; Gustafsson, H.-Å.; Hachiya, T.; Hadj Henni, A.; Haegemann, C.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamblen, J.; Han, R.; Han, S. Y.; Hanks, J.; Harada, H.; Harper, C.; Hartouni, E. P.; Haruna, K.; Hasegawa, S.; Hashimoto, K.; Haslum, E.; Hayano, R.; Hayashi, S.; He, X.; Heffner, M.; Hemmick, T. K.; Hester, T.; Hiejima, H.; Hill, J. C.; Hobbs, R.; Hohlmann, M.; Hollis, R. S.; Holzmann, W.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Horaguchi, T.; Hori, Y.; Hornback, D.; Hoshino, T.; Huang, J.; Huang, S.; Ichihara, T.; Ichimiya, R.; Ide, J.; Iinuma, H.; Ikeda, Y.; Imai, K.; Imazu, Y.; Imrek, J.; Inaba, M.; Inoue, Y.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Isenhower, L.; Ishihara, M.; Isinhue, A.; Isobe, T.; Issah, M.; Isupov, A.; Ivanischev, D.; Ivanishchev, D.; Iwanaga, Y.; Jacak, B. V.; Javani, M.; Jeon, S. J.; Jezghani, M.; Jia, J.; Jiang, X.; Jin, J.; Jinnouchi, O.; John, D.; Johnson, B. M.; Jones, T.; Joo, E.; Joo, K. S.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kajihara, F.; Kametani, S.; Kamihara, N.; Kamin, J.; Kanda, S.; Kaneta, M.; Kaneti, S.; Kang, B. H.; Kang, J. H.; Kang, J. S.; Kanou, H.; Kapustinsky, J.; Karatsu, K.; Kasai, M.; Kawall, D.; Kawashima, M.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Kempel, T.; Key, J. A.; Khachatryan, V.; Khandai, P. K.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kihara, K.; Kijima, K. M.; Kikuchi, J.; Kim, A.; Kim, B. I.; Kim, C.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E.; Kim, E.-J.; Kim, H.-J.; Kim, H. J.; Kim, K.-B.; Kim, M.; Kim, S. H.; Kim, Y.-J.; Kim, Y. K.; Kinney, E.; Kiriluk, K.; Kiss, Á.; Kistenev, E.; Kiyomichi, A.; Klatsky, J.; Klay, J.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Kleinjan, D.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Kochenda, L.; Kochetkov, V.; Kofarago, M.; Komatsu, Y.; Komkov, B.; Konno, M.; Koster, J.; Kotchetkov, D.; Kotov, D.; Kozlov, A.; Král, A.; Kravitz, A.; Krizek, F.; Kubart, J.; Kunde, G. J.; Kurihara, N.; Kurita, K.; Kurosawa, M.; Kweon, M. J.; Kwon, Y.; Kyle, G. S.; Lacey, R.; Lai, Y. S.; Lajoie, J. G.; Layton, D.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, B.; Lee, D. M.; Lee, G. H.; Lee, J.; Lee, K.; Lee, K. B.; Lee, K. S.; Lee, M. K.; Lee, S. H.; Lee, S. R.; Lee, T.; Leitch, M. J.; Leite, M. A. L.; Leitgab, M.; Leitner, E.; Lenzi, B.; Lewis, B.; Li, X.; Lichtenwalner, P.; Liebing, P.; Lim, S. H.; Linden Levy, L. A.; Liška, T.; Litvinenko, A.; Liu, H.; Liu, M. X.; Love, B.; Luechtenborg, R.; Lynch, D.; Maguire, C. F.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Maai, M.; Malakhov, A.; Malik, M. D.; Manion, A.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; Mao, Y.; Maruyama, T.; Mašek, L.; Masui, H.; Masumoto, S.; Matathias, F.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Means, N.; Meles, A.; Mendoza, M.; Meredith, B.; Miake, Y.; Mibe, T.; Midori, J.; Mignerey, A. C.; Mikeš, P.; Miki, K.; Miller, A. J.; Miller, T. E.; Milov, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mishra, D. K.; Mishra, M.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitrovski, M.; Miyachi, Y.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Mohanty, A. K.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, H. J.; Moon, T.; Morino, Y.; Morreale, A.; Morrison, D. P.; Moskowitz, M.; Motschwiller, S.; Moukhanova, T. V.; Mukhopadhyay, D.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Mwai, A.; Nagae, T.; Nagamiya, S.; Nagata, Y.; Nagle, J. L.; Naglis, M.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakagomi, H.; Nakamiya, Y.; Nakamura, K. R.; Nakamura, T.; Nakano, K.; Nam, S.; Nattrass, C.; Nederlof, A.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Newby, J.; Nguyen, M.; Nihashi, M.; Niida, T.; Norman, B. E.; Nouicer, R.; Novak, T.; Novitzky, N.; Nukariya, A.; Nyanin, A. S.; Oakley, C.; Obayashi, H.; O'Brien, E.; Oda, S. X.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Ohnishi, H.; Oide, H.; Oka, M.; Okada, K.; Omiwade, O. O.; Onuki, Y.; Orjuela Koop, J. D.; Oskarsson, A.; Ouchida, M.; Ozaki, H.; Ozawa, K.; Pak, R.; Pal, D.; Palounek, A. P. T.; Pantuev, V.; Papavassiliou, V.; Park, B. H.; Park, I. H.; Park, J.; Park, S.; Park, S. K.; Park, W. J.; Pate, S. F.; Patel, L.; Patel, M.; Pei, H.; Peng, J.-C.; Pereira, H.; Perepelitsa, D. V.; Perera, G. D. N.; Peresedov, V.; Peressounko, D. Yu.; Perry, J.; Petti, R.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pinson, R.; Pisani, R. P.; Proissl, M.; Purschke, M. L.; Purwar, A. K.; Qu, H.; Rak, J.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Ravinovich, I.; Read, K. F.; Rembeczki, S.; Reuter, M.; Reygers, K.; Reynolds, D.; Riabov, V.; Riabov, Y.; Richardson, E.; Riveli, N.; Roach, D.; Roche, G.; Rolnick, S. D.; Romana, A.; Rosati, M.; Rosen, C. A.; Rosendahl, S. S. E.; Rosnet, P.; Rowan, Z.; Rubin, J. G.; Rukoyatkin, P.; Ružička, P.; Rykov, V. L.; Ryu, M. S.; Sahlmueller, B.; Saito, N.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sakai, S.; Sakashita, K.; Sakata, H.; Sako, H.; Samsonov, V.; Sano, M.; Sano, S.; Sarsour, M.; Sato, S.; Sato, T.; Savastio, M.; Sawada, S.; Schaefer, B.; Schmoll, B. K.; Sedgwick, K.; Seele, J.; Seidl, R.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Semenov, A. Yu.; Semenov, V.; Sen, A.; Seto, R.; Sett, P.; Sexton, A.; Sharma, D.; Shaver, A.; Shein, I.; Shevel, A.; Shibata, T.-A.; Shigaki, K.; Shim, H. H.; Shimomura, M.; Shoji, K.; Shukla, P.; Sickles, A.; Silva, C. L.; Silvermyr, D.; Silvestre, C.; Sim, K. S.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Skolnik, M.; Skutnik, S.; Slunečka, M.; Sodre, T.; Solano, S.; Soldatov, A.; Soltz, R. A.; Sondheim, W. E.; Sorensen, S. P.; Soumya, M.; Sourikova, I. V.; Sparks, N. A.; Staley, F.; Stankus, P. W.; Steinberg, P.; Stenlund, E.; Stepanov, M.; Ster, A.; Stoll, S. P.; Stone, M. R.; Sugitate, T.; Suire, C.; Sukhanov, A.; Sumita, T.; Sun, J.; Sziklai, J.; Tabaru, T.; Takagi, S.; Takagui, E. M.; Takahara, A.; Taketani, A.; Tanabe, R.; Tanaka, Y.; Taneja, S.; Tanida, K.; Tannenbaum, M. J.; Tarafdar, S.; Taranenko, A.; Tarján, P.; Tennant, E.; Themann, H.; Thomas, D.; Thomas, T. L.; Timilsina, A.; Todoroki, T.; Togawa, M.; Toia, A.; Tojo, J.; Tomášek, L.; Tomášek, M.; Tomita, Y.; Torii, H.; Towell, M.; Towell, R.; Towell, R. S.; Tram, V.-N.; Tserruya, I.; Tsuchimoto, Y.; Tsuji, T.; Utsunomiya, K.; Vale, C.; Valle, H.; van Hecke, H. W.; Vargyas, M.; Vazquez-Zambrano, E.; Veicht, A.; Velkovska, J.; Vértesi, R.; Vinogradov, A. A.; Virius, M.; Voas, B.; Vossen, A.; Vrba, V.; Vznuzdaev, E.; Wagner, M.; Walker, D.; Wang, X. R.; Watanabe, D.; Watanabe, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, Y. S.; Wei, F.; Wei, R.; Wessels, J.; Whitaker, S.; White, S. N.; Winter, D.; Wolin, S.; Wood, J. P.; Woody, C. L.; Wright, R. M.; Wysocki, M.; Xia, B.; Xie, W.; Xue, L.; Yalcin, S.; Yamaguchi, Y. L.; Yamaura, K.; Yang, R.; Yanovich, A.; Yasin, Z.; Ying, J.; Yokkaichi, S.; Yoo, J. S.; Yoon, I.; You, Z.; Young, G. R.; Younus, I.; Yushmanov, I. E.; Zajc, W. A.; Zaudtke, O.; Zelenski, A.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, S.; Zimányi, J.; Zolin, L.

2014-11-01

We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the staff of the other PHENIX participating institutions for their vital contributions. We acknowledge support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation, a sponsored research grant from Renaissance Technologies LLC, Abilene Christian University Research Council, Research Foundation of SUNY, and Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (USA), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Fundaç ao de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Brazil), Natural Science Foundation of China (People's Republic of China), Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports (Croatia), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (France), Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, and Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung (Germany), OTKA NK 101 428 grant and the Ch. Simonyi Fund (Hungary), Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology (India), Israel Science Foundation (Israel), National Research Foundation and WCU program of the Ministry Education Science and Technology (Korea), Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences (Pakistan), Ministry of Education and Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia), VR and Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden), the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, and the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation.

Body image issues in Lithuanian females before and during pregnancy.

PubMed

Tutkuviene, Janina; Juskaite, Austeja; Katinaite, Justina; Silove, Simona; Drasutis, Jonas; Sargautyte, Ruta; Ramasauskaite, Diana; Drasutiene, Grazina

2018-02-01

There is a risk that during pregnancy a woman's changing physique might result in stronger concerns about her appearance and may lead to negative consequences both for mother and foetus. The aim of the present study was to assess women's self-esteem, body image and weight control before and during pregnancy. A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Centre of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Vilnius University Hospital. In total, 234 pregnant women were investigated. The Self-esteem was measured by Rosenberg's scale (1965), while the attitude towards the body size - by Stunkard's figure rating scale (1983). When rating their actual body size and the preferred body shape using Stunkard's figures, the investigated females chose, on average, 3.40 and 2.93 (respectively) size figures for the period before pregnancy ( p < 0.05), while they picked 4.38 and 3.44 (respectively) figures during pregnancy ( p < 0.05). Women's efforts not to gain weight during pregnancy were not determined by their opinion of their body size during pregnancy ( r s (232) = 0.136, p > 0.05). Regardless of their body shape assessment during pregnancy, pregnant women did not restrict their diet ( r s (232) = 0.064, p > 0.05). Conclusions: during pregnancy women assessed their weight gain adequately, pregnant women chose larger body sizes as an ideal physique if compared to the ones of the period before pregnancy, women's efforts not to gain weight during pregnancy were not determined by their body size perception during pregnancy, pregnant women, despite their body shape assessment during pregnancy, did not restrict their diet, i.e. pregnant women became psychologically adapted to their body changes during pregnancy, and the maternity became a much more important factor than the beauty ideals associated with slender figures.

Body mass prediction from skeletal frame size in elite athletes.

PubMed

Ruff, C B

2000-12-01

Body mass can be estimated from measures of skeletal frame size (stature and bi-iliac (maximum pelvic) breadth) fairly accurately in modern human populations. However, it is not clear whether such a technique will lead to systematic biases in body mass estimation when applied to earlier hominins. Here the stature/bi-iliac method is tested, using data available for modern Olympic and Olympic-caliber athletes, with the rationale that these individuals may be more representative of the general physique and degree of physical conditioning characteristic of earlier populations. The average percent prediction error of body mass among both male and female athletes is less than 3%, with males slightly underestimated and females slightly overestimated. Among males, the ratio of shoulder to hip (biacromial/bi-iliac) breadth is correlated with prediction error, while lower limb/trunk length has only a weak inconsistent effect. In both sexes, athletes in "weight" events (e.g. , shot put, weight-lifting), which emphasize strength, are underestimated, while those in more endurance-related events (e.g., long distance running) are overestimated. It is likely that the environmental pressures facing earlier hominins would have favored more generalized physiques adapted for a combination of strength, speed, agility, and endurance. The events most closely approximating these requirements in Olympic athletes are the decathlon, pentathlon, and wrestling, all of which have average percent prediction errors of body mass of 5% or less. Thus, "morphometric" estimation of body mass from skeletal frame size appears to work reasonably well in both "normal" and highly athletic modern humans, increasing confidence that the technique will also be applicable to earlier hominins. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Alterations in physique among young children after the Great East Japan Earthquake: Results from a nationwide survey.

PubMed

Kikuya, Masahiro; Matsubara, Hiroko; Ishikuro, Mami; Sato, Yuki; Obara, Taku; Metoki, Hirohito; Isojima, Tsuyoshi; Yokoya, Susumu; Kato, Noriko; Tanaka, Toshiaki; Chida, Shoichi; Ono, Atsushi; Hosoya, Mitsuaki; Yokomichi, Hiroshi; Yamagata, Zentaro; Tanaka, Soichiro; Kure, Shigeo; Kuriyama, Shinichi

2017-10-01

Data for earthquake-related alterations in physique among young children in developed countries is lacking. The Great East Japan Earthquake caused severe damage in Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima Prefectures in northeastern Japan. We retrospectively obtained anthropometric measurements in nursery school from 40,046 (cohort 1, historical control) and 53,492 (cohort 2) children aged 3.5-4.5 years without overweight in October 2008, and in October 2010, respectively. At the time of the earthquake in March, 2011, children in cohort 1 had already graduated from nursery school; however, children in cohort 2 were still enrolled in nursery school at this time. We compared the onset of overweight at 1 year after the baseline between children enrolled in their school located in one of the three target prefectures versus those in other prefectures using a logistic regression model, with adjustment for sex, age, history of disease, and obesity index at baseline. Overweight was defined as an obesity index of >+15%, which was calculated as (weight minus sex- and height-specific standard weight)/sex- and height-specific standard weight. The odds ratio (OR) for the onset of overweight in the three target prefectures was significant in cohort 2 (OR 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.55) but not in cohort 1. When the two cohort were pooled (n = 93,538), the OR of the interaction term for school location × cohort was significant (OR 1.56; 95% CI, 1.09-2.23). Incident overweight in young children was significantly more common in the three prefectures affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake than in other prefectures after the disaster. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Dietary Intake, Anthropometric Characteristics, and Iron and Vitamin D Status of Female Adolescent Ballet Dancers Living in New Zealand.

PubMed

Beck, Kathryn L; Mitchell, Sarah; Foskett, Andrew; Conlon, Cathryn A; von Hurst, Pamela R

2015-08-01

Ballet dancing is a multifaceted activity requiring muscular power, strength, endurance, flexibility, and agility; necessitating demanding training schedules. Furthermore dancers may be under aesthetic pressure to maintain a lean physique, and adolescent dancers require extra nutrients for growth and development. This cross-sectional study investigated the nutritional status of 47 female adolescent ballet dancers (13-18 years) living in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants who danced at least 1 hr per day 5 days per week completed a 4-day estimated food record, anthropometric measurements (Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry) and hematological analysis (iron and vitamin D). Mean BMI was 19.7 ± 2.4 kg/m2 and percentage body fat, 23.5 ± 4.1%. The majority (89.4%) of dancers had a healthy weight (5th-85th percentile) using BMI-for-age growth charts. Food records showed a mean energy intake of 8097.3 ± 2155.6 kJ/day (48.9% carbohydrate, 16.9% protein, 33.8% fat, 14.0% saturated fat). Mean carbohydrate and protein intakes were 4.8 ± 1.4 and 1.6 ± 0.5 g/kg/day respectively. Over half (54.8%) of dancers consumed less than 5 g carbohydrate/kg/day, and 10 (23.8%) less than 1.2 g protein/kg/day. Over 60% consumed less than the estimated average requirement for calcium, folate, magnesium and selenium. Thirteen (28.3%) dancers had suboptimal iron status (serum ferritin (SF) < 20 μg/L). Of these, four had iron deficiency (SF < 12 μg/L, hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 120 g/L) and one iron deficiency anemia (SF < 12 μg/L, Hb < 120 g/L). Mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D was 75.1 ± 18.6 nmol/L, 41 (91.1%) had concentrations above 50 nmol/L. Female adolescent ballet dancers are at risk for iron deficiency, and possibly inadequate nutrient intakes.

Localized Arm Volume Index: A New Method for Body Type-Corrected Evaluation of Localized Arm Lymphedematous Volume Change.

PubMed

Yamamoto, Takumi; Yamamoto, Nana; Yoshimatsu, Hidehiko

2017-10-01

Volume measurement is a common evaluation for upper extremity lymphedema. However, volume comparison between different patients with different body types may be inappropriate, and it is difficult to evaluate localized limb volume change using arm volume. Localized arm volumes (Vk, k = 1-5) and localized arm volume indices (LAVIk) at 5 points (1, upper arm; 2, elbow; 3, forearm; 4, wrist; 5, hand) of 106 arms of 53 examinees with no arm edema were calculated based on physical measurements (arm circumferences and lengths and body mass index [BMI]). Interrater and intrarater reliabilities of LAVIk were assessed, and Vk and LAVIk were compared between lower BMI (BMI, <22 kg/m) group and higher BMI (BMI, ≥22 kg/m) group. Interrater and intrarater reliabilities of LAVIk were all high (all, r > 0.98). Between lower and higher BMI groups, significant differences were observed in all Vk (V1 [P = 6.8 × 10], V2 [P = 3.1 × 10], V3 [P = 1.1 × 10], V4 [P = 8.3 × 10], and V5 [P = 3.0 × 10]). Regarding localized arm volume index (LAVI) between groups, significant differences were seen in LAVI1 (P = 9.7 × 10) and LAVI5 (P = 1.2 × 10); there was no significant difference in LAVI2 (P = 0.60), LAVI3 (P = 0.61), or LAVI4 (P = 0.22). Localized arm volume index is a convenient and highly reproducible method for evaluation of localized arm volume change, which is less affected by body physique compared with arm volumetry.

Influence of gravity on foams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monnereau, C.; Vignes-Adler, M.; Kronberg, B.

1999-06-01

The feasibility of experiments on the physics of foams in microgravity environment was investigated during a parabolic flight campaign. Transient foams from surfactant-free organic liquids and stable foams from a soapy solution of a Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate + Dodecanol mixture were investigated. In 0g, the transient foam is stabilized; whatever the liquid the foam bubbles are spherical and their diameter does not change during the flight. When the gravity constant is equal to 1.8 g, the bubbles of the stable foam become polyhedral and numerous topological transformations could be observed. La faisabilité d'expériences permettant d'étudier la physique de la mousse en microgravité a été démontrée au cours de vols paraboliques. Nous avons testé des mousses de liquides organiques sans tensioactif qui sont éphémères dans le champ terrestre, et des mousses à base d'une solution aqueuse d'un mélange de Dodécyl Sulfate de Sodium et de Dodécanol qui sont au contraire très stables. En microgravité, les mousses éphémères sont stabilisées; quel que soit le liquide, les bulles sont sphériques et leur diamètre reste égal à leur valeur initiale. Lorsqu'au cours de la parabole, la gravité devient égale à 1,8 g, les bulles de la mousse stable dont les films sont très rigides prennent une forme polyédrique ; de très nombreuses transformations topologiques de type T1 ont pu alors être observées.

List of Participants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2007-11-01

Mohab Abou ZeidVrije Universiteit, Brussel Joke AdamKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Nikolas AkerblomMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Luis Fernando Alday Utrecht University Stelios Alexandris University of Patras Antonio Amariti Università di Milano-Bicocca Nicola Ambrosetti Université de Neuchâtel Pascal Anastasopoulos Università di Roma Tor Vergata Laura Andrianopoli Enrico Fermi Center Carlo Angelantonj Università di Torino Lilia Anguelova Queen Mary, University of London Daniel AreanUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Gleb ArutyunovUtrecht University Spyros Avramis NTU Athens—University of Patras Ioannis Bakas University of Patras Subrata Bal Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Igor Bandos Valencia University Jessica Barrett University of Iceland Marco Baumgartl Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich Jacopo Bechi Università di Firenze James Bedford Queen Mary, University of London Jorge Bellorin Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Francesco Benini SISSA, Trieste Eric Bergshoeff Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen Gaetano BertoldiUniversity of Wales, Swansea Adel Bilal Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Superieure, Paris Matthias Blau Université de Neuchâtel Johannes BroedelUniversität Hannover Felix Brümmer Universität Heidelberg Julio Cesar Bueno de Andrade São Paulo State University—UNESP Cliff Burgess McMaster University Agostino Butti Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Superieure, Paris Marco Caldarelli Universitat de Barcelona Pablo G Camara Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Joan Camps Universitat de Barcelona Felipe Canoura FernandezUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Luigi Cappiello Università di Napoli Federico II Luca Carlevaro École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Roberto Casero Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Claudio Caviezel Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Alessio Celi Universitat de Barcelona Anna Ceresole Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and Università di Torino Kang Sin Choi University of Bonn Michele Cirafici University of Patras Andres Collinucci Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Aldo Cotrone Universitat de Barcelona Ben Craps Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Stefano Cremonesi SISSA, Trieste Gianguido Dall'Agata Padova University Sanjit Das Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Forcella Davide SISSA, Trieste Jose A de Azcarraga Valencia University and Instituto de Fìsica Corpuscular (CSIC-UVEG), Valencia Sophie de BuylInstitut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette Jean-Pierre Derendinger Université de Neuchâtel Stephane Detournay Università Degli Studi di Milano Paolo Di Vecchia NORDITA, København Oscar Dias Universitat de Barcelona Vladimir Dobrev Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia Joel Ekstrand Department of Theoretical Physics, Uppsala University Federico Elmetti Università di Milano I Diaconu Eugen University of Craiova Oleg Evnin Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Bo Feng Imperial College, London Livia Ferro Università di Torino Pau Figueras Universitat de Barcelona Raphael Flauger University of Texas at Austin Valentina Forini Università di Perugia Angelos Fotopoulos Università di Torino Denis Frank Université de Neuchâtel Lisa Freyhult Albert-Einstein-Institut, Golm Carlos Fuertes Instituto de Física Teórica, Madrid Matthias Gaberdiel Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich Maria Pilar Garcia del Moral Università di Torino Daniel Gerber Instituto de Física Teórica, Madrid Valentina Giangreco Marotta Puletti Uppsala University Joaquim Gomis Universitat de Barcelona Gianluca Grignani Università di Perugia Luca Griguolo Università di Parma Umut Gursoy École Polytechnique, Palaiseau and École Normale Supérieure, Paris Michael Haack Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Troels Harmark Niels Bohr Institute, København Alexander Haupt Imperial College, London Michal Heller Jagiellonian University, Krakow Samuli Hemming University of Iceland Yasuaki Hikida DESY, Hamburg Christian Hillmann Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Potsdam Stephan Hoehne Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Gabriele Honecker CERN, Geneva Carlos Hoyos University of Wales, Swansea Mechthild Huebscher Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid Matthias Ihl University of Texas at Austin Emiliano Imeroni University of Wales, Swansea Nikos Irges University of Crete Negru Iulian University of Craiova Matthias Kaminski Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Stefanos Katmadas Universiteit Utrecht Shoichi Kawamoto Oxford University Christoph Keller Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich Arjan Keurentjes Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Sadi Khodaee Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran Michael Kiermaier Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Elias Kiritsis Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau and University of Crete Ingo KirschEidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich Johanna Knapp CERN, Geneva Paul Koerber Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Simon Koers Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Anatoly Konechny Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Peter Koroteev Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow Daniel KreflLudwig-Maximilians-Universität and Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Chethan KrishnanUniversité Libre de Bruxelles Stanislav Kuperstein Université Libre de Bruxelles Alberto Lerda Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria Roman Linares Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México Maria A Lledo Universidad de Valencia Dieter Luest Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität and Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Joseph Lykken Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), Batavia, IL Carlo Maccaferri Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Oscar Macia Universidad de Valencia Tristan Maillard Centre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Diego Mansi Università Degli Studi di Milano Matteo Marescotti Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria Alberto Mariotti Università di Milano-Bicocca Raffaele Marotta Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Napoli Alessio Marrani Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and LNF, Firenze Luca Martucci Instituto de Física Teórica, Madrid and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven David Mateos University of California, Santa Barbara Andrea Mauri Università di Milano Liuba Mazzanti Università di Milano-Bicocca Patrick Meessen Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Lotta Mether Helsinki Institute of Physics Rene Meyer Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Giuseppe Milanesi SISSA, Trieste Cesar Miquel-Espanya Universitat de Valencia and Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Valencia Alexander Monin Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow and Moscow State University (MSU) Samuel Monnier Université de Genève Sergio Montero Instituto de Física Teórica, Madrid Nicola Mori Università di Firenze Alexander Marcel Morisse University of California, Santa Cruz Sebastian Moster Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Adele Nasti Queen Mary, University of London Vasilis Niarchos École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Emil Nissimov Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia Francesco Nitti École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Eoin O'Colgain Imperial College, London Niels Obers Niels Bohr Institute, København Rodrigo Olea Università Degli Studi di Milano Marta Orselli Niels Bohr Institute, København Enrico PajerLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Eran PaltiOxford University Georgios PapathanasiouBrown University, Providence, RI Angel ParedesCentre de Physique Théorique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Jeong-Hyuck ParkMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Sara PasquettiUniversità di Parma Silvia PenatiUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Igor PesandoUniversità di Torino Marios PetropoulosÉcole Polytechnique, Palaiseau Roberto PettorinoUniversità di Napoli Federico II Franco PezzellaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Napoli Moises Picon PonceIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Padova Marco PirroneUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Erik PlauschinnMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Andre PloeghCentre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen Giuseppe PolicastroLaboratoire de Physique Théorique, École Normale Superieure, Paris Josep PonsUniversitat de Barcelona S Prem KumarUniversity of Wales, Swansea Nikolaos PrezasCERN, Geneva Carlo Alberto RattiUniversità di Milano-Bicocca Riccardo RicciImperial College, London Alejandro RiveroEscuela Universitaria Politécnica de Teruel, Universidad de Zaragoza Irene RodriguezInstituto de Física Teórica, Madrid Maria Jose RodriguezUniversitat de Barcelona Diederik RoestUniversitat de Barcelona Alberto RomagnoniLaboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay, Paris Christian RomelsbergerDublin Institute for Advanced Studies Jan RosseelKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Sebastiano RossiEidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich Felix RustMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Cheol RyouPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Christian SaemannDublin Institute for Advanced Studies Houman Safaai SISSA, Trieste Alberto SantambrogioIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano Frank SaueressigUniversiteit Utrecht Ricardo SchiappaCERN, Geneva Cornelius Schmidt-ColinetEidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich Maximilian Schmidt-SommerfeldMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Waldemar SchulginMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Claudio ScruccaUniversité de Neuchâtel Nathan SeibergInstitute of Advanced Studies, Princeton, NJ Domenico SeminaraUniversità di Firenze Alexander SevrinVrije Universiteit, Brussel Konstadinos SfetsosUniversity of Patras Kostas SiamposUniversity of Patras Christoph SiegUniversità Degli Studi di Milano Vaula Silvia Instituto de Física Teórica, Madrid Aaron Sim Imperial College, London Woojoo Sim Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Sergey Slizovskiy Department of Theoretical Physics, Uppsala University Paul Smyth Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Corneliu Sochichiu Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Dmitri Sorokin Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Padova Kellogg Stelle Imperial College, London Piotr Surowka Jagiellonian University, Krakow Yasutoshi Takayama Niels Bohr Institute, København Laura Tamassia Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Radu Tatar University of Liverpool Larus Thorlacius University of Iceland Paavo Tiitola Helsinki Institute of Physics Diego Trancanelli Stony Brook University, NY Michele TraplettiInstitut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg Mario Trigiante Politecnico di Torino Angel Uranga CERN, Geneva and Instituto de Física Teórica, Madrid Roberto Valandro SISSA, Trieste Dieter Van den Bleeken Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Antoine Van Proeyen Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Thomas Van Riet Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Groningen Pierre Vanhove Service de Physique Théorique, Saclay Oscar Varela Universidad de Valencia Alessandro Vichi Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa Massimiliano VinconQueen Mary, University of London John Ward Queen Mary, University of London and CERN, Geneva Brian Wecht Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Marlene Weiss Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich and CERN, Geneva Sebastian Weiss Université de Neuchâtel Alexander Wijns Vrije Universiteit, Brussel Przemek Witaszczyk Jagiellonian University, Krakow Timm Wrase University of Texas at Austin Jun-Bao Wu SISSA, Trieste Amos Yarom Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München Marco Zagermann Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, München Daniela Zanon Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano Andrea Zanzi University of Bonn Andrey Zayakin Moscow State University (MSU) and Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow Konstantinos Zoubos Queen Mary, University of London

Evaluation de la qualité de la prise en charge de la dyspnée par les médecins généralistes à Parakou en 2013

PubMed Central

Codjo, Léopold Houétondji; Dohou, Serge Hugues; Agbodandé, Anthèlme; Karimou, Bastu Mohamed; Wanvoegbe, Armand Finangnon; Attinsounon, Angelo Cossi; Alassani, Adébayo Cossi; Houénassi, Martin Dèdonougbo

2015-01-01

Introduction La dyspnée est un symptôme qui peut être l'expression de pathologies potentiellement grave et urgentes. Notre objectif était d’évaluer la qualité de la prise en charge de la dyspnée en milieu hospitalier à Parakou. Méthodes Il s'agissait d’étude rétrospective portant sur tous les patients admis dans les centres hospitaliers de Parakou pour dyspnée non traumatique entre le 1er Février 2012 et le 31 Mai 2013. Les recommandations tunisiennes sur la prise en charge de la dyspnée aux urgences ont été utilisées comme référentiel d’évaluation. Chaque étape de la démarche médicale a été notée et la prise en charge était bonne lorsque la note obtenue au score était entre 51 et 100. Les autres variables utilisées étaient la qualification du soignant principal, les antécédents du patient et les données cliniques et paracliniques. Résultats Sur les 11101 patients reçus aux urgences on a dénombré 328 cas de dyspnée (2,9%). La PEC était assuré principalement par les cardiologues (55,9%) et les médecins généralistes (29,2%). La qualité de la prise en charge par les généralistes était bonne chez 73,2%. Les facteurs associés à la bonne qualité de PEC étaient: la recherche des antécédents médicaux (84,4% vs 15,6%; p < 10-4), la description des caractéristiques cliniques de la dyspnée (94,1% vs 5,9%; p < 10-4) et la réalisation de l'examen physique complet (86,8% vs 13,2%; p < 10-4). Conclusion A Parakou en 2013 près d'un généraliste sur trois gère mal la dyspnée. Cette mauvaise gestion est liée à une mauvaise démarche médicale. PMID:26985268

"Does understanding the brain need proteomics and does understanding proteomics need brains?"--Second HUPO HBPP Workshop hosted in Paris.

PubMed

Hamacher, Michael; Klose, Joachim; Rossier, Jean; Marcus, Katrin; Meyer, Helmut E

2004-07-01

The second Human Brain Proteome Project (HBPP) Workshop of the Human Proteome Organisation (HUPO) took place at the Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI) from April 23-24, 2004. During two days, more than 70 attendees from Europe, Asia and the US came together to decide basic strategic approaches, standards and the beginning of a pilot phase prior to further studies of the human brain proteome. The international consortium presented the technological and scientific portfolio and scheduled the time table for the next year.

[Comparison of cardiopulmonary endurance and muscular fitness in teenagers between Hong Kong and inland cities].

PubMed

Hong, Y; Chan, K; Wang, Y

1997-01-01

A study on the data of the physique investigated in teenagers was carried out between Hong Kong and inland cities to compare their cardiopulmonary endurance and muscular fitness. Results revealed that cardiopulmonary endurance in school teenagers of both sex at different ages in inland cities was better than that in Hong Kong. Muscular strength and endurance of sports performance of teenagers, except for standing long jump, in Hong Kong were weaker than that in inland cities. It suggests that attention should be paid to the involvement of teenagers in physical education with the increase of people's living standard.

Polarization studies on zinc in hydrochloric acid solution containing some organic solvents

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohamed, A. K.

1999-05-01

The corrosion behaviour of zinc metal in some organic solvents was tested electrochemically using galvanometric polarization measurements. The results showed that the studied organic solvents act as mixed type inhibitors. The inhibition was assumed to occur via physical adsorption of the inhibitor molecules fitting a Temkin's isotherm. The inhibition eficiency of the solvents increase in the order: glycerol>ethylene glycol>DMSO>dioxane. This order is not affected by the variation in temperature in the range 35-55 circC. The increase in temperature was found to increase the corrosion in absence and in presence of inhibitors. Some thermodynamic parameters for adsorption were also computed and discussed. Le comportement de corrosion du zinc métallique dans certains solvants organiques a été testé électrochimiquement en utilisant les mesures de polarisation galvanométrique. Les résultats ont montré que les solvants organiques étudiés agissent comme des inhibiteurs de type mixte. L'inhibition semble se produire par l'adsorption physique des molécules inhibitrices selon une isotherme de Temkin. L'efficacité d'inhibition des solvants augmente dans l'ordre suivant : glycérol>éthylène glycol>DMSO>dioxane. Cet ordre n'est pas affecté par une variation de température dans l'intervalle compris entre 35 et 55 circC. La corrosion augmente avec la température, en absence ou en présence d'inhibiteurs. Certains paramètres thermodynamiques d'adsorption ont été calculés et discutés.

Motivating factors for seeking cosmetic surgery: a synthesis of the literature.

PubMed

Haas, Cynthia Figueroa; Champion, Angela; Secor, Danielle

2008-01-01

The fascination in physical beauty is becoming more and more prevalent in today's society. Beauty in American culture is defined by the media through magazines, television, and music. The perfect career, the perfect family, social status, and high self-esteem all revolve around having an impeccable figure. Research shows that 94% of the covers of women's magazines showcase a woman with a thin physique (A. R., Malkin, K., Wornian, & J. C. Chrisler, 1999). Therefore, it is not surprising that year after year, millions of people elect for cosmetic surgery. According to the , approximately 11.7 million cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures were performed and Americans spent $13.2 billion on these procedures. This is a 457% increase since 1997. As the demand for elective cosmetic surgery continues to rise, it is important for healthcare employees to recognize the motive behind the decision to seek cosmetic surgery. The purpose of this literature review project was to ascertain those factors that influence or motivate patients to seek cosmetic surgery. This project investigated physical, psychiatric, and psychosocial factors associated with individuals who undergo elective cosmetic surgery. It has been shown that the motivation for cosmetic surgery is based on a combination of psychological and emotional factors. Researchers surmise that body image, teasing history, and self-esteem were associated with motivational factors for those patients who elected to seek cosmetic surgery (T. Soest, I. L. Kvalem, K. C. Skolleborg, & H. E. Roald, 2006). In addition, the researchers concluded that body dysmorphic disorder, education, and culture are also predicting factors in the decision to have cosmetic surgery.

La supraconductivité a 100 ans !

ScienceCinema

Lebrun, Philippe

2018-06-12

Il y a 100 ans, le 8 avril 1911, une découverte majeure était réalisée : celle de la supraconductivité. La supraconductivité est la caractéristique qu’ont certains métaux et alliages de perdre toute résistance électrique en dessous d’une température donnée. Cette renversante découverte, réalisée de manière presque fortuite par Kammerlingh Onnes de l’Université de Leyde (Pays-Bas) et son étudiant Gilles Holst, a ouvert un nouveau champ de recherche en physique et de fabuleuses perspectives d’applications technologiques. Du point de vue scientifique, la supraconductivité est en effet l’une des rares manifestations de la physique quantique à l’échelle macroscopique.  Du point de vue des retombées techniques, elle est porteuse d’applications majeures dans le domaine de la santé, des communications et de l’énergie. 100 ans après, les physiciens n’ont toujours pas fini d’explorer ce phénomène et ses applications. Le CERN abrite des applications de la supraconductivité à des échelles inédites. L’accélérateur de particules LHC, avec ses milliers d’aimants supraconducteurs répartis sur 27 kilomètres de circonférence, est en effet la plus grande application mondiale de la supraconductivité. Il ne pourrait exister sans elle. Le CERN fête donc la découverte de la supraconductivité avec une conférence exceptionnelle donnée par Philippe Lebrun. Au cours de cette conférence, l’expérience historique de Kammerlingh Onnes sera reproduite. Philippe Lebrun racontera l’histoire de cette étonnante découverte, en la replaçant dans le contexte scientifique de l’époque. Il racontera les développements scientifiques et les applications du premier siècle de la supraconductivité. Conférence en français Merci de bien vouloir vous inscrire au : +41 22 767 76 76 ou cern.reception@cern.ch

La Sociéte Française d'Exobiologie

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Raulin, F.

2010-12-01

L'exobiologie est une jeune science, très pluridisciplinaire qui, de façon générale, a pour objet l'étude de la vie dans l'univers. Plus précisément, elle inclut l'étude des conditions et des processus qui ont permis l'émergence du vivant sur notre planète, et ont pu oumo pourraient le permettre ailleurs, l'étude de l'évolution de la matière organique vers des structures complexes dans l'univers, et les recherches qui concernent la distribution de la vie sous toutes les formes qu'elle pourrait revêtir, et son évolution. La Société Française d'Exobiologie a été fondée en mai 2009. Elle a pour buts principaux de fédérer les recherches en exobiologie au niveau français en facilitant l'établissement de contacts interdisciplinaires entre les chercheurs français et faire connaître et expliquer l'exobiologie pour satisfaire la demande socio culturelle provenant d'un public diversifié, par le biais de conférences, d'ateliers, d'expositions. La SFE est reconnue comme Société savante. Elle compte actuellement 140 membres et vient d'organiser son premier colloque national d'exobiologie à Biarritz.

Tutankhamun and his brothers. Familial gynecomastia in the Eighteenth Dynasty.

PubMed

Paulshock, B Z

1980-07-11

Many images of the last four hereditary pharaohs of the Eighteenth Egyptian Dynasty (1559 BC to 1319 BC), Amenophis III, Amenophis IV (also known as Akhenaten), Smenkhkare, and Tutankhamun, show them with gynecomastia. Amenophis III was most probably the sire of the last three. The feminine physique and other abnormalities of Amenophis IV have been extensively commented on as indicative of some sort of pathological condition, but the gynecomastia of the others, including Tutankhamun, has been glossed over or considered an artistic mannerism of the El Amarna period. An alternative theory, that the gynecomastia was actually representational and indicative of a familial abnormality in two or three generations, is suggested.

Modélisation des charges d'espace dans les isolants solides par une analyse spectrale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haas, V.; Scouarnec, Ch.; Franceschi, J. L.

1998-01-01

A mathematical method based on spectral algebra is developped for the thermal modulation method. These methods permit to measure the space charge distribution in solid insulators. The modelling presented permits to evaluate the performances and the limitations of the measurement method. Une linéarisation par l'algèbre spectrale a été développée dans une méthode de modulation thermique pour mesurer la distribution des charges électriques dans les isolants solides. La modélisation présentée permet d'évaluer les performances et les limites tant numériques que physiques de la méthode de mesure.

Electronegative Gas Thruster

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dankanich, John; Polzin, Kurt; Walker, Mitchell

2015-01-01

The project is an international collaboration and academic partnership to mature an innovative electric propulsion thruster concept to Technology Research Level-3 (TRL-3) through direct thrust measurement. The project includes application assessment of the technology ranging from small spacecraft to high power. The Plasma propulsion with Electronegative GASES(PEGASES) basic proof of concept has been matured to TRL-2 by Ane Aanesland of Laboratoire de Physique des Plasma at Ecole Polytechnique. The concept has advantages through eliminating the neutralizer requirement and should yield longer life and lower cost over conventional gridded ion engines. The objective of this research is to validate the proof of concept through the first direct thrust measurements and mature the concept to TRL-3.

A UNIX SVR4-OS 9 distributed data acquisition for high energy physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Drouhin, F.; Schwaller, B.; Fontaine, J. C.; Charles, F.; Pallares, A.; Huss, D.

1998-08-01

The distributed data acquisition (DAQ) system developed by the GRPHE (Groupe de Recherche en Physique des Hautes Energies) group is a combination of hardware and software dedicated to high energy physics. The system described here is used in the beam tests of the CMS tracker. The central processor of the system is a RISC CPU hosted in a VME card, running a POSIX compliant UNIX system. Specialized real-time OS9 VME cards perform the instrumentation control. The main data flow goes over a deterministic high speed network. The UNIX system manages a list of OS9 front-end systems with a synchronisation protocol running over a TCP/IP layer.

Somatotype, role and performance in elite volleyball players.

PubMed

Gualdi-Russo, E; Zaccagni, L

2001-06-01

The purpose of the present study was to examine the importance of the somatometric components of elite male and female volleyball players in relation to their different game roles and levels of performance. Two hundred and thirty-four male athletes (aged 24.7+/-4.4 years) and 244 female athletes (aged 23.1+/-4.4 years) from the Italian A1 and A2 volleyball leagues underwent anthropometric measurements during the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 seasons. Somatotypes were estimated with the Heath-Carter method. Marked sexual dimorphism in somatotype was observed in the total sample. The average somatotype for men was 2.2-4.2-3.2 (SD 0.7-0.9-0.9), and for women it was 3.0-3.3-2.9 (SD 0.8-1.0-0.9). The somatotype was significantly different in players at different levels of performance (A1 vs A2 leagues), as it follows: 2.1-4.1-3.3 (SD 0.6-0.8-0.7) vs 2.3-4.3-3.0 (SD 0.7-1.0-0.8) in males; 2.9-3.1-3.0 (SD 0.8-1.0-0.9) vs 3.1-3.5-2.7 (SD 0.8-0.9-0.8) in females. The somatotype was also significantly different in players in different roles. In male sex the mean somatotypes for setters were 2.4-4.5-2.8 (SD 0.7-0.9-0.8), for centres they were 2.0-4.0-3.5 (SD 0.6-1.0-0.8), for spikers they were 2.2-4.3-3.0 (SD 0.6-0.9-0.7), for opposites they were 2.2-4.3-3.1 (SD 0.6-0.9-0.8). In female sex the mean somatotypes for setters were 3.1-3.6-2.5 (SD 0.8-1.0-1.0), for centres they were 2.8-3.1-3.1 (SD 0.8-0.9-0.7), for spikers they were 3.0-3.5-2.8 (SD 0.9-1.0-0.9) and for opposites they were 3.0-3.2-3.0 (SD 0.7-0.9-0.8). The physique of athletes in the A1 league is characterized by higher ectomorphy and lower endomorphy and mesomorphy. There is also a slight tendency of male players to a greater homogeneity in somatotype within the group at the maximum level of performance. Moreover somatotype differs in relation to game role in volleyball players of both sexes: the mesomorphic component is maximal in setters, while the ectomorphic component is maximal in centres.

High-intensity interval training and athletic performance in Taekwondo athletes.

PubMed

Monks, Lynne; Seo, Myong-Won; Kim, Hyun-Bae; Jung, Hyun C; Song, Jong K

2017-10-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on athletic performance in Taekwondo athletes. Thirty-three male and female collegiate Taekwondo athletes were randomly divided into a HIIT group (N.=16) or a high-intensity continuous running (HICR) group (N.=17). The HIIT group undertook training of high-intensity sprints interspersed with active rest periods whilst the HICR group participated in high-intensity running for a continuous period. Both groups completed 11 sessions over 4 weeks. Physique, body composition, Wingate anaerobic test and VO2max test were measured. The vertical jump test, agility T-test and sit-ups were used to assess physical fitness. Repeated measures ANCOVAs with sex as a covariate were applied and significant level was set at 0.05. Following 11 sessions of training, significant improvements in anaerobic peak power (P<0.05), relative peak power (P<0.05), and mean power (P<0.05) were observed only in HIIT group compared to HICR group. A greater improvement of aerobic capacity was observed in HIIT group (8.8%) compared to the HICR group (1.7%). In relation to physical fitness, the HIIT group improved in the vertical jump while the HICR group did not change. Both the HIIT and HICR groups showed greater improvements in T-test and sit-ups during the intervention period. This study shows the effectiveness of eleven sessions of HIIT in producing significant improvements in anaerobic capacity relevant to successful Taekwondo competition performance in collegiate Taekwondo athletes. This could inform the future planning of Taekwondo athletes' pre-competition training, specifically the influence of training intensity on anaerobic capacity.

[Prevalence of myopia and influencing factors among primary and middle school students in 6 provinces of China].

PubMed

Zhou, Jia; Ma, Yinghua; Ma, Jun; Zou, Zhiyong; Meng, Xiangkun; Tao, Fangbiao; Luo, Chunyan; Jing, Jin; Pan, Dehong; Luo, Jiayou; Zhang, Xin; Wang, Hong; Zhao, Haiping

2016-01-01

To understand the prevalence of myopia in primary and middle school students in 6 provinces and the possible influencing factors. Primary and middle school students were selected through multistage cluster sampling in 60 primary and middle schools in 6 provinces in China. The questionnaire survey and eyesight test were conducted among all the students selected according to the national student's physique and health survey protocol. Pearson chi-square test and binary multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to identify the influencing factors for myopia in students. The prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school students surveyed was 55.7%, the gender specific difference was statistically significant (59.7% for girls, 51.9% for boys) (P<0.01). The prevalence of myopia increased with age obviously. The prevalence was 35.8% in age group 6-8 years, 58.9% in age group 10-12 years, 73.4% in age group 13-15 years and 81.2% in age group 16-18 years, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Single factor and multivariate analysis showed that parents' myopia, distance between computer screen and eyes, distance less than 30 cm between eyes and book while reading, distance less than 10 cm between chest and the table edge while studying, distance less than 3 cm between fingers and pen tip, sleep time, average outdoor activity time during last week, school sport activities in the afternoon, the size of television set at home, time spent on watching TV and playing computer were the influencing factors for myopia. The prevalence of myopia is till high in primary and middle school students. Myopia is associated with both genetic factors and individual eye health related behaviors.

Progressive growth deterioration in a context of nutritional transition: a case study from Vientiane (Lao PDR).

PubMed

Benefice, Eric; Lévi, Pierre; Banouvong, Phonetip

2012-05-01

The high rates of rapid urban and economic growth occurring in Asia are bringing about parallel changes in both food consumption patterns and nutritional status. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of these changes on the nutritional and health status of mothers and their offspring in Vientiane, Lao PDR. Over 2 consecutive years, a follow-up study of 150 infant-mother pairs living at three different levels of urbanization was performed in Vientiane. The mothers completed a questionnaire on their eating habits. Clinical examinations and anthropometric measurements were also carried out. The results showed that, in general, the dietary energy content was low (providing only 83% of the energy requirement) and there were deficiencies in calcium, vitamin A, Folate and iron. The main energy source was rice (providing 40.9%), while 40% of the protein provided by meat and fish provided 19.8%. The differences observed in the food contribution to energy intakes and in food diversity varied with the level of urbanization. The prevalence of stunting (13.9%; CI 10.0 ∼ 18.6%) was less than that reported at the country level. Stunting was related to age, the sex of the child and the mother's physique and varied according to the level of urbanization. The level of urbanization in Vientiane influences the pace of the ongoing process of nutritional transition.

Anorexia athletica in pre-professional ballet dancers.

PubMed

Herbrich, Laura; Pfeiffer, Ernst; Lehmkuhl, Ulrike; Schneider, Nora

2011-08-01

Competitive sport has been under increasing discussion as a possible favourable factor in the development of eating disorders among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of sport-specific eating disorders, in line with the concept of anorexia athletica. This prospective field study included one experimental group and two control groups (disease and healthy). Fifty-two pre-professional ballet dancers aged 13-20 years were tested for clinical eating disorders, anorexia athletica criteria, eating disorder related psychopathology and self-concept, and were compared with 52 patients with anorexia nervosa and 44 non-athletic controls of the same age. The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews as well as self-report questionnaires. A clinical eating disorder diagnosis was made in 1.9% of the ballet dancers versus 0% of the high school students; anorexia athletica was diagnosed in 5.8% of the dancers versus 2.3% of the students. Ballet dancers scored lower than patients with anorexia nervosa with regard to eating disorder related psychopathology and higher than the patients with regard to self-concept. We conclude that more sensitive tools to differentiate between sport-specific (eating) patterns, anorexia athletica and clinically relevant eating disorders are needed, especially for aesthetic sports such as ballet. It remains an important goal to identify athletes with symptoms of anorexia athletica irrespective of their physique and/or sport.

Preface.

PubMed

Ditlevsen, Susanne; Lansky, Petr

2016-06-01

This Special Issue of Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering contains 11 selected papers presented at the Neural Coding 2014 workshop. The workshop was held in the royal city of Versailles in France, October 6-10, 2014. This was the 11th of a series of international workshops on this subject, the first held in Prague (1995), then Versailles (1997), Osaka (1999), Plymouth (2001), Aulla (2003), Marburg (2005), Montevideo (2007), Tainan (2009), Limassol (2010), and again in Prague (2012). Also selected papers from Prague were published as a special issue of Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering and in this way a tradition was started. Similarly to the previous workshops, this was a single track multidisciplinary event bringing together experimental and computational neuroscientists. The Neural Coding Workshops are traditionally biennial symposia. They are relatively small in size, interdisciplinary with major emphasis on the search for common principles in neural coding. The workshop was conceived to bring together scientists from different disciplines for an in-depth discussion of mathematical model-building and computational strategies. Further information on the meeting can be found at the NC2014 website at https://colloque6.inra.fr/neural_coding_2014. The meeting was supported by French National Institute for Agricultural Research, the world's leading institution in this field. This Special Issue of Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering contains 11 selected papers presented at the Neural Coding 2014 workshop. The workshop was held in the royal city of Versailles in France, October 6-10, 2014. This was the 11th of a series of international workshops on this subject, the first held in Prague (1995), then Versailles (1997), Osaka (1999), Plymouth (2001), Aulla (2003), Marburg (2005), Montevideo (2007), Tainan (2009), Limassol (2010), and again in Prague (2012). Also selected papers from Prague were published as a special issue of Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering and in this way a tradition was started. Similarly to the previous workshops, this was a single track multidisciplinary event bringing together experimental and computational neuroscientists. The Neural Coding Workshops are traditionally biennial symposia. They are relatively small in size, interdisciplinary with major emphasis on the search for common principles in neural coding. The workshop was conceived to bring together scientists from different disciplines for an in-depth discussion of mathematical model-building and computational strategies. Further information on the meeting can be found at the NC2014 website at https://colloque6.inra.fr/neural_coding_2014. The meeting was supported by French National Institute for Agricultural Research, the world's leading institution in this field. Understanding how the brain processes information is one of the most challenging subjects in neuroscience. The papers presented in this special issue show a small corner of the huge diversity of this field, and illustrate how scientists with different backgrounds approach this vast subject. The diversity of disciplines engaged in these investigations is remarkable: biologists, mathematicians, physicists, psychologists, computer scientists, and statisticians, all have original tools and ideas by which to try to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In this issue, emphasis is put on mathematical modeling of single neurons. A variety of problems in computational neuroscience accompanied with a rich diversity of mathematical tools and approaches are presented. We hope it will inspire and challenge the readers in their own research. We would like to thank the authors for their valuable contributions and the referees for their priceless effort of reviewing the manuscripts. Finally, we would like to thank Yang Kuang for supporting us and making this publication possible.

Body-part compatibility effects are modulated by the tendency for women to experience negative social comparative emotions and the body-type of the model.

PubMed

Pila, Eva; Jovanov, Kimberely; Welsh, Timothy N; Sabiston, Catherine M

2017-01-01

Although exposure to physique-salient media images of women's bodies has been consistently linked with negative psychological consequences, little is known about the cognitive processes that lead to these negative effects. The present study employed a novel adaptation of a computerized response time (RT) task to (i) assess implicit cognitive processing when exposed to the body of another individual, and (ii) examine individual differences in social comparative emotions that may influence the cognitive processing of human bodies. Adult females with low (n = 44) or high (n = 23) tendencies for comparative emotions completed a task in which they executed responses to coloured targets presented on the hands or feet of images of ultra-thin, average-size, and above average-size female models. Although the colour of the target is the only relevant target feature, it is typically found that the to-be-ignored location of the target on the body of the model influences RTs such that RTs are shorter when the target is on a body-part that is compatible with the responding limb (e.g., hand response when target was on hand) than on a body-part that is incompatible with the responding limb (e.g., hand response when target was on foot). Findings from the present study revealed that the magnitude of the body-part compatibility effect (i.e., the index of the cognitive processing of the model) was modulated by tendencies for affective body-related comparisons. Specifically, women who were prone to experiencing social comparative emotions demonstrated stronger and more consistent body-part compatibility effects across models. Therefore, women with higher social comparison tendencies have heightened processing of bodies at a neurocognitive level and may be at higher risk of the negative outcomes linked with physique-salient media exposure.

Methodes d'amas quantiques a temperature finie appliquees au modele de Hubbard

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plouffe, Dany

Depuis leur decouverte dans les annees 80, les supraconducteurs a haute temperature critique ont suscite beaucoup d'interet en physique du solide. Comprendre l'origine des phases observees dans ces materiaux, telle la supraconductivite, est l'un des grands defis de la physique theorique du solide des 25 dernieres annees. L'un des mecanismes pressentis pour expliquer ces phenomenes est la forte interaction electron-electron. Le modele de Hubbard est l'un des modeles les plus simples pour tenir compte de ces interactions. Malgre la simplicite apparente de ce modele, certaines de ses caracteristiques, dont son diagramme de phase, ne sont toujours pas bien etablies, et ce malgre plusieurs avancements theoriques dans les dernieres annees. Cette etude se consacre a faire une analyse de methodes numeriques permettant de calculer diverses proprietes du modele de Hubbard en fonction de la temperature. Nous decrivons des methodes (la VCA et la CPT) qui permettent de calculer approximativement la fonction de Green a temperature finie sur un systeme infini a partir de la fonction de Green calculee sur un amas de taille finie. Pour calculer ces fonctions de Green, nous allons utiliser des methodes permettant de reduire considerablement les efforts numeriques necessaires pour les calculs des moyennes thermodynamiques, en reduisant considerablement l'espace des etats a considerer dans ces moyennes. Bien que cette etude vise d'abord a developper des methodes d'amas pour resoudre le modele de Hubbard a temperature finie de facon generale ainsi qu'a etudier les proprietes de base de ce modele, nous allons l'appliquer a des conditions qui s'approchent de supraconducteurs a haute temperature critique. Les methodes presentees dans cette etude permettent de tracer un diagramme de phase pour l'antiferromagnetisme et la supraconductivite qui presentent plusieurs similarites avec celui des supraconducteurs a haute temperature. Mots-cles : modele de Hubbard, thermodynamique, antiferromagnetisme, supraconductivite, methodes numeriques, larges matrices

Body-part compatibility effects are modulated by the tendency for women to experience negative social comparative emotions and the body-type of the model

PubMed Central

Jovanov, Kimberely; Welsh, Timothy N.; Sabiston, Catherine M.

2017-01-01

Although exposure to physique-salient media images of women’s bodies has been consistently linked with negative psychological consequences, little is known about the cognitive processes that lead to these negative effects. The present study employed a novel adaptation of a computerized response time (RT) task to (i) assess implicit cognitive processing when exposed to the body of another individual, and (ii) examine individual differences in social comparative emotions that may influence the cognitive processing of human bodies. Adult females with low (n = 44) or high (n = 23) tendencies for comparative emotions completed a task in which they executed responses to coloured targets presented on the hands or feet of images of ultra-thin, average-size, and above average-size female models. Although the colour of the target is the only relevant target feature, it is typically found that the to-be-ignored location of the target on the body of the model influences RTs such that RTs are shorter when the target is on a body-part that is compatible with the responding limb (e.g., hand response when target was on hand) than on a body-part that is incompatible with the responding limb (e.g., hand response when target was on foot). Findings from the present study revealed that the magnitude of the body-part compatibility effect (i.e., the index of the cognitive processing of the model) was modulated by tendencies for affective body-related comparisons. Specifically, women who were prone to experiencing social comparative emotions demonstrated stronger and more consistent body-part compatibility effects across models. Therefore, women with higher social comparison tendencies have heightened processing of bodies at a neurocognitive level and may be at higher risk of the negative outcomes linked with physique-salient media exposure. PMID:28632746

Complex and biofluids: From Maxwell to nowadays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Misbah, Chaouqi

2009-11-01

Complex fluids are the rule in biology and in many industrial applications. Typical examples are blood, cartilage, and polymer solutions. Unlike water (as well as domestic oils, soft clear drinks, and so on), the law(s) describing the behavior of complex fluids are not yet fully established. The complexity arises from strong coupling between microscopic scales (like the motion of a red blood cell in the case of blood, or a polymer molecule for a polymer solution) and the global scale of the flow (say at the scale of a blood artery, or a channel in laboratory experiments). In this issue entitled Complex and Biofluids a large panel of experimental and theoretical problems of complex fluids is exposed. The topics range from dilute polymer solutions, food products, to biology (blood flow, cell and tissue mechanics). One of the earliest model put forward as an attempt to describe a complex fluid was suggested a long time ago by James Clerk Maxwell (in 1867). Other famous scientists, like Einstein (in 1906), and Taylor (in 1932) have made important contributions to the field, but the topic of complex fluids still continues to pose a formidable challenge to science. This field has known during the past decade an unbelievable upsurge of interest in many branches of science (physics, mechanics, chemistry, biology, medical science, mathematics, and so on). Understanding complex fluids is viewed as one of the biggest challenge of the present century. This synthesis will provide a simple introduction to the topic, summarize the main contribution of this issue, and list major open questions in this field. To cite this article: C. Misbah, C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

Une nouvelle voie pour la conception des implants intervertébraux

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gradel, T.; Tabourot, L.; Arrieux, R.; Balland, P.

2002-12-01

L'objectif de notre travail est la conception d'une nouvelle génération d'implants intersomatiques qui s'adapte parfaitement à la géométrie des plateaux vertébraux en se déformant. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé une nouvelle démarche qui consiste à simuler entièrement le procédé de fabrication en l'occurrence l'emboutissage, Cette simulation, en concervant l'historique des sollicitations exercées sur le matériau lors de sa mise en œuvre permet de valider très précisément sa résistance mécanique en fin de cycle. Au cours de cette étude, nous avons mené en parallèle deux analyses dites “ coopératives ” : l'une fondée sur un modèle phénoménologique de type HILL et l'autre sur un modèle multi-échelles prenant en compte des phénomènes plus physiques afin d'acquérir une bonne connaissance du comportement du matériau lors de la déformation. C'est pour sa bonne résistance, sa biocompatibilité et ses propriétés radiologiques que nous avons choisi le T40 (titane pur) comme matériau.

Time-reversed waves and super-resolution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fink, Mathias; de Rosny, Julien; Lerosey, Geoffroy; Tourin, Arnaud

2009-06-01

Time-reversal mirrors (TRMs) refocus an incident wavefield to the position of the original source regardless of the complexity of the propagation medium. TRMs have now been implemented in a variety of physical scenarios from GHz microwaves to MHz ultrasonics and to hundreds of Hz in ocean acoustics. Common to this broad range of scales is a remarkable robustness exemplified by observations at all scales that the more complex the medium (random or chaotic), the sharper the focus. A TRM acts as an antenna that uses complex environments to appear wider than it is, resulting for a broadband pulse, in a refocusing quality that does not depend on the TRM aperture. Moreover, when the complex environment is located in the near field of the source, time-reversal focusing opens completely new approaches to super-resolution. We will show that, for a broadband source located inside a random metamaterial, a TRM located in the far field radiated a time-reversed wave that interacts with the random medium to regenerate not only the propagating but also the evanescent waves required to refocus below the diffraction limit. This focusing process is very different from that developed with superlenses made of negative index material only valid for narrowband signals. We will emphasize the role of the frequency diversity in time-reversal focusing. To cite this article: M. Fink et al., C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

High dietary fat intake during lactation promotes development of diet-induced obesity in male offspring of mice.

PubMed

Tsuduki, Tsuyoshi; Kitano, Yasuna; Honma, Taro; Kijima, Ryo; Ikeda, Ikuo

2013-01-01

The maternal nutritional status during pregnancy and lactation influences the risk of obesity in offspring, but the details of this phenomenon are unclear. In particular, there is little information on the influence on the offspring of the maternal nutritional status during lactation only. Therefore, in this study, we examined the influence of high dietary fat intake in dams during lactation on the risk of obesity in offspring, using C57BL/6J mice. The mice were fed a control diet (CD) during pregnancy. After birth, dams were fed a CD or a high-fat diet (HD) during lactation (3 wk). Fat and energy were significantly increased in milk from dams fed a HD during lactation. Male offspring were weaned at 3 wk old and fed a CD for 4 wk, which resulted in no significant difference in their physique. Four weeks after weaning, the offspring (7 wk old) were fed a CD or HD for 4 wk to induce obesity. High dietary fat intake in dams and offspring promoted lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue and adipocyte hypertrophy in male offspring. The underlying mechanism may involve an increase in expression of Lpl and a decrease in expression of Hsl in white adipose tissue of offspring. In conclusion, our results show that high dietary fat intake during lactation promotes development of diet-induced obesity in male offspring.

Direct Potential Fitting for the a ^3π1u and X ^1Σ^+_g States of {Br_2}

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yukiya, Tokio; Nishimiya, Nobuo; Suzuki, Masao; Le Roy, Robert J.

2012-06-01

Bromine dimer has been studied by many researchers in various wavelength regions. The A ^3π1u and X ^1Σ^+_g states have been well observed using magnetic rotation spectroscopy, by laser-induced fluorescence, by laser absorption, by Fourier transform absorption, and by UV emission. This yields a data set consisting of 16916 transitions in which the observed vibrational levels for the X ^1Σ^+_g and A ^3π1u states span 83% and 99% of the potential well depths, respectively, with the highest observed vibrational level of the A ^3π1u state lying only 2 cm-1 below the dissociation limit.^a In order to provide the most compact and comprehensive description of these data, and the ability to make reliable predictions outside their range, we have chosen to perform a ``direct potential fit'' (DPF), rather than a conventional Dunham-expansion analysis. In particular, accurate analytic potential energy functions for the A ^3π1u and X ^1Σ^+_g states are determined from a combined-isotopologue DPF analysis that also yields the electronic isotope shift, the Ω-doubling radial strength function, and an experimental value for the long-range inverse-power C_5 constant of the A ^3π1u state, as well as centrifugal Born-Oppenheimer Breakdown (BOB) functions for both states. To reveal characteristics of the A ^3π1u state, band constants calculated from these potentials are compared with those determined from a conventional parameter-fitting analysis reported by Coxon. C. D. Boone, PhD Thesis, University of British Columbia (1999). C. Focsa et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 200, 104 (2000). D. J. Postell et al., to be published. N. Nishimiya et al., Columbus Meeting, paper WH02 (2005). S. Gerstenkorn et al., J. Physique, 48, 1685 (1987). P. Venkateswarlu et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 96, 247 (1982). J. A. Coxon, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 41, 548 (1972).

The First SeaWiFS HPLC Analysis Round-Robin Experiment (SeaHARRE-1)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Firestone, Elaine R. (Editor); Claustre, Herve; Ras, Josephine; VanHeukelem, Laurie; Berthon, Jean-Francois; Targa, Cristina; vanderLinde, Dirk; Barlow, Ray; Sessions, Heather

2001-01-01

Four laboratories, which had contributed to various aspects of SeaWiFS calibration and validation activities, participated in the first SeaWiFS HPLC Analysis Round-Robin Experiment (SeaHARRE-1): Horn Point Laboratory (USA), the Joint Research Centre (Italy), the Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines (France), and the Marine and Coastal Management group (South Africa). The analyses of the data are presented in Chapter 1 and the individual methods of the four groups are presented in Chapters 2-5. The average (or overall) conclusions of the round-robin are derived from 12 in situ stations occupied during a cruise in the Mediterranean Sea, although, only 11 stations are used in the analyses. The data set is composed of 12 replicates taken during each sampling opportunity with 3 replicates going to each of the 4 laboratories. The average (or overall) results from the intercomparison of 15 pigments or pigment associations are as follows (in some cases, data subsets that exclude pigments which were not analyzed by all the laboratories, or that had unusually large variances, are used to exclude a variety of problematic pigments): a) the accuracy of the four methods in determining the concentration of total chlorophyll a is 7.9%, (one method did not separate mono- and divinyl chlorophyll a, and if the samples containing significant divinyl chlorophyll a concentrations are ignored, the four methods have an accuracy of 6.7%); b) the accuracy in determining the full set of pigments is 19.1%; c) there is a reduction in accuracy of approximately - 12.2% for every decade (factor of 10) decrease in concentration (based on a data subset); d) the precision of the four methods using a subset data is 8.617( 6.2% for an edited subset); e) the repeatability of the four methods using the subset data is 9.2% (7.2%; for an edited subset, and f) the reproducibility of the four methods using the subset data is 21.31% (15.0% for an edited subset).

A Unix SVR-4-OS9 distributed data acquisition for high energy physics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Drouhin, F.; Schwaller, B.; Fontaine, J.C.

1998-08-01

The distributed data acquisition (DAQ) system developed by the GRPHE (Groupe de Recherche en Physique des Hautes Energies) group is a combination of hardware and software dedicated to high energy physics. The system described here is used in the beam tests of the CMs tracker. The central processor of the system is a RISC CPU hosted in a VME card, running a POSIX compliant UNIX system. Specialized real-time OS9 VME cards perform the instrumentation control. The main data flow goes over a deterministic high speed network. The Unix system manages a list of OS9 front-end systems with a synchronization protocolmore » running over a TCP/IP layer.« less

Fat or lean: adjustment of endogenous energy stores to predictable and unpredictable changes in allostatic load

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schultner, Jannik; Kitaysky, Alexander S.; Welcker, Jorg; Hatch, Scott

2013-01-01

6. Overall, results of this study support the ‘lean and fit’ hypothesis. We conclude that increased energy stores may not necessarily reflect better environmental conditions experienced by individuals or predict their higher fitness. A major advantage of adopting a lean physique when environmental conditions allow may be the avoidance of additional energetic costs for moving a heavy body. In breeding seabirds, this advantage may be more important during chick-rearing. In the focal species, the secretion of glucocorticoids might be involved in regulation of energy stores within a life history stage but does not appear to mediate an adaptive shift in energy stores between the incubating and chick-rearing stages of reproduction.

Imaging the experiments on respiration and transpiration of Lavoisier and Séguin: two unknown drawings by Madame Lavoisier.

PubMed

Beretta, Marco

2012-01-01

This paper presents two hitherto unknown drawings by Marie-Anne-Pierrette Lavoisier dating to the early 1790s that illustrate the experiments on respiration and transpiration of her husband Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier and his assistant Armand Séguin. These works may be associated with the well-known sepia drawings that were published for the first time by Edouard Grimaux in 1888. Details contained in these newly discovered drawings by M.me Lavoisier provide fresh evidence as to the nature and aims of Lavoisier's innovative experiments. As we will show, these drawings were intended to illustrate the collection of papers on respiration being prepared by Lavoisier for his Mémoires de physique et de chimie (1792-1805).

Analyse chronometrique intersexes de la resolution de la tache d'horizontalite des liquides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berthiaume, Francois

D'abondantes recherches ont demontre que la reussite a la tache d'horizontalite des liquides est en moyenne plus elevee chez les individus de sexe masculin que chez ceux de sexe feminin. Deux facteurs principaux ont ete proposes: il s'agit de la connaissance du principe physique de l'invariance de l'orientation des liquides et de certaines habiletes perceptives d'ordre visuel. Le but de la presente recherche est d'etablir la duree detaillee de la resolution de la tache d'horizontalite des liquides chez 185 filles et 180 garcons, ages de 15 a 19 ans et repartis en 8 groupes. Dans une version informatisee, le premier groupe trace la position de la surface de l'eau a l'interieur d'un contenant dans diverses inclinaisons et le deuxieme evalue si l'orientation d'une ligne y represente bien cette position; le troisieme groupe trace une horizontale dans un rectangle et le quatrieme juge si la ligne illustree y est bien horizontale. Quatre autres groupes executent respectivement les memes taches dans la version classique papier-crayon. Le temps accorde a la reflexion avant de commencer le trace, le temps de tracage comme tel et le temps de verification du trace complete sont calcules. Chez les groupes qui evaluent l'orientation d'une ligne sur support informatique, le temps requis pour y parvenir est note. Enfin, un questionnaire estime si les participants connaissent ou non le principe physique d'invariance de l'orientation de la surface d'un liquide. Les resultats revelent que cette connaissance est plus frequente chez les garcons dans l'ensemble des groupes. Dans le cas ou les sujets ont a tracer une ligne, les filles reussissent moins d'essais que les garcons s'il faut, sur support informatique, tracer la surface de l'eau dans un contenant incline ou a l'horizontale. Il en va de meme s'il faut, sur support papier, tracer une horizontale dans un contenant incline. Le trace de la surface de l'eau est plus exact chez les sujets connaissant le principe d'invariance et l'ecart intersexes disparait si l'analyse tient compte de cette connaissance. Sur le plan du temps de reponse, les deux sexes ne se distinguent que lors du trace de la surface de l'eau dans un contenant incline, les garcons reflechissant alors plus longtemps. Le temps mis a produire, puis a verifier un trace, ne differe pas selon le sexe des participants. Dans l'evaluation de l'orientation d'une ligne cependant, les filles ne se distinguent pas des garcons et les participants connaissant le principe d'invariance reussissent mieux que ceux l'ignorant. Par ailleurs, les filles procedent toujours moins rapidement que les garcons. Pour les contenants inclines ou a l'horizontale, si la ligne represente la surface de l'eau, la difference intersexes est annulee quand la connaissance du principe est prise en compte. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Note des Éditeurs scientifiques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Averbuch, P.

Cette série d'articles est une revue de résultats expérimentaux sur différents "fluides" moléculaires, dans lesquels la cohésion est due à des forces de Van der Waals et à des liaisons hydrogène, l'eau étant un de ces fluides. Ces résultats sont présentés de façon à justifier expérimentalement un modèle original, non extensif, des propriétés de ces fluides, et l'ensemble se présente sous la forme de trois articles décrivant le modèle, suivis chacun par un article le comparant aux résultats expérimentaux publiés par de nombreux auteurs. Le caractère non extensif des propriétés physiques des fluides est choquant, contraire à beaucoup d'idées établies, il semble n'avoir en sa faveur qu'un argument, la comparaison avec un nombre de résultats expérimentaux assez grand pour que l'effet du hasard soit difficilement soupçonnable. En particulier, les écarts entre des résultats de mesures faits par des auteurs différents dans des conditions différentes sont expliqués, le sérieux et la compétence des différents expérimentateurs ne sont plus mis en doute : mais l'interprétation de ces résultats avec un modèle extensif non adapté est seule mise en cause. Les modèles extensifs étant utilisés systématiquement, au delà des expériences de physiciens, dans les calculs d'ingénieurs, et dans la modélisation d'appareils qui fonctionnent et de phénomènes naturels observés par tout le monde, il fallait expliquer pourquoi on pouvait renoncer à l'extensivité. Les raisons du succès pratique des modèles extensifs sont données, d'abord dans le cas des nématiques, puis dans celui des liquides ordinaires, et c'est ce qui rend l'ensemble cohérent, tant avec les mesures physiques fines qu'avec les observations quotidiennes. Il n'en reste pas moins que si l'interprétation donnée dans cette série d'articles est généralisable, une justification théorique du modèle utilisé devient nécessaire. Pour ce qui est des propriétés d'équilibre, une séparation de l'énergie libre en énergie libre de volume et en énergie libre de surface devrait donner les mêmes résultats ; par contre les choses deviennent troublantes dès que l'on passe aux coefficients de transport, c'est-à-dire à l'aspect macroscopique de la dynamique moléculaire. Il y a là un écart notable avec les conceptions courantes, ce qui rend très surprenante la lecture de ces articles. On peut mentionner la liste des problèmes théoriques posés par la description phénoménologique qui est celle de cette série d'articles : la généralisation de lois d'échelle en dehors de zones critiques n'est pas absolument nouvelle, par contre la simplicité des lois reliant l'exposant v à la température pose problème ; le sens des temps de relaxation utilisés est sans doute également à préciser. Enfin les modes considérés semblent n'intervenir dans les propriétés thermodynamiques que par un facteur par mode, comme si seulement l'énergie potentielle devait intervenir, les termes cinétiques ne participant pas vraiment aux transitions de phase. Tout cela pose donc problème, et l'on peut se demander si un pareil modèle peut être compatible avec tout ce qui est connu par ailleurs en physique statistique. Mais s'il rend bien compte de beaucoup de résultats expérimentaux, ce sont ces derniers qui seraient en difficulté avec la mécanique statistique. Il a donc semblé préférable de publier le modèle, sa justification expérimentale et de poser quelques problèmes, tant aux théoriciens, qui pourraient expliquer pourquoi un tel modèle rend compte de résultats observés, qu'aux expérimentateurs, qui pourraient reprendre certaines mesures, et délimiter le caractère plus ou moins général du modèle.

[Adolphe Quetelet and biopolitics as secularized theology].

PubMed

Pich, Santiago

2013-01-01

The article recaptures the work of an author who has been forgotten by the contemporary social sciences, that is, the Belgium polymath Adolphe Quetelet. Focusing on his main work, Sur l'homme et le développement de ses facultés, ou Essai de physique sociale, the study underscores how the secularization of theological principles within the realm of science was important to the construction of Quetelet's work. His dual engagement in science and politics is pertinent here, as he was the main nineteenth-century force behind the incorporation of statistics as a science essential to the State's ability to govern its people. He also played a relevant role in the realization of the hegemonic political project of modernity, biopolitics, and its influence in the field of biomedicine in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Laszlo Tisza and the two-fluid model of superfluidity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balibar, Sébastien

2017-11-01

The "two-fluid model" of superfluidity was first introduced by Laszlo Tisza in 1938. On that year, Tisza published the principles of his model as a brief note in Nature and two articles in French in the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, followed in 1940 by two other articles in French in the Journal de physique et le Radium. In 1941, the two-fluid model was reformulated by Lev Landau on a more rigorous basis. Successive experiments confirmed the revolutionary idea introduced by Tisza: superfluid helium is indeed a surprising mixture of two fluids with independent velocity fields. His prediction of the existence of heat waves, a consequence of his model, was also confirmed. Then, it took several decades for the superfluidity of liquid helium to be fully understood.

Special Issue on "Instanton Counting: Moduli Spaces, Representation Theory, and Integrable Systems"

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruzzo, Ugo; Sala, Francesco

2016-11-01

This special issue of the Journal of Geometry and Physics collects some papers that were presented during the workshop ;Instanton Counting: Moduli Spaces, Representation Theory, and Integrable Systems; that took place at the Lorentz Center in Leiden, The Netherlands, from 16 to 20 June 2014. The workshop was supported by the Lorentz Center, the ;Geometry and Quantum Theory; Cluster, Centre Européen pour les Mathématiques, la Physique et leurs Interactions (Lille, France), Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Mathématiques (Angers, France), SISSA (Trieste, Italy), and Foundation Compositio (Amsterdam, the Netherlands). We deeply thank all these institutions for making the workshop possible. We also thank the other organizers of the workshop, Professors Dimitri Markushevich, Vladimir Rubtsov and Sergey Shadrin, for their efforts and great collaboration.

Physiscope

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gaumer, Olivier

2010-10-22

Peut-on survivre à une décharge de 100000 volts? Le corps humain est-il conducteur? Qu'est-ce la charge électrique? L'air est-il conducteur? Quel est le meilleur conducteur connu? Autant de question que l'on se posera durant cette découverte de la physique et le l'électricité, par une approche originale, ludique et participative. Venez glisser en lévitation sur une trottinette supraconductrice! [Can we survive a discharge of 100,000 volts? Is the human body conductive? What is the electric charge? Is the air conductive? What is the best known driver? As much question as one will ask during this discovery of the physics and the electricity, bymore » an original, playful and participative approach. Come levitate on a superconducting scooter!]« less

Que peut-on voir avec des neutrons? Une introduction pour des non spécialistes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schweizer, J.

2005-11-01

Le neutron est une particule élémentaire qui a été découverte en 1932 par James Chadwick. Ses caractéristiques principales sont résumées dans le tableau I. Il a été utilisé pour la première fois par Clifford Shull en 1946 comme outil pour des expériences de diffusion. Cette technique s'est depuis constamment développée pour concerner tous les aspects de la matière condensée: physique, chimie, matériaux, biologie. Il s'agit d'un outil tout à fait exceptionnel car le neutron possède des propriétés uniques et particulièrement adaptées pour ces études.

Body checking behaviors in men.

PubMed

Walker, D Catherine; Anderson, Drew A; Hildebrandt, Thomas

2009-06-01

Males have been facing increasing pressure from the media to attain a lean, muscular physique, and are at risk for body dissatisfaction, disturbed eating and exercise behaviors, and abuse of appearance- and performance-enhancing drugs (APEDs). The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between body checking and mood, symptoms of muscle dysmorphia, importance of shape and weight, and APED use in undergraduate males. Body checking in males was correlated with weight and shape concern, symptoms of muscle dysmorphia, depression, negative affect, and APED use. Body checking predicted APED use and uniquely accounted for the largest amount of variance in Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI) scores (16%). Findings support the view that body checking is an important construct in male body image, muscle dysmorphia, and body change strategies and suggest a need for further research.

Interoperability science cases with the CDPP tools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nathanaël, J.; Cecconi, B.; André, N.; Bouchemit, M.; Gangloff, M.; Budnik, E.; Jacquey, C.; Pitout, F.; Durand, J.; Rouillard, A.; Lavraud, B.; Genot, V. N.; Popescu, D.; Beigbeder, L.; Toniutti, J. P.; Caussarieu, S.

2017-12-01

Data exchange protocols are never as efficient as when they are invisible for the end user who is then able to discover data, to cross compare observations and modeled data and finally to perform in depth analysis. Over the years these protocols, including SAMP from IVOA, EPN-TAP from the Europlanet 2020 RI community, backed by standard web-services, have been deployed in tools designed by the French Centre de Données de la Physique des Plasmas (CDPP) including AMDA, the Propagation Tool, 3DView, ... . This presentation will focus on science cases which show the capability of interoperability in the planetary and heliophysics contexts, involving both CDPP and companion tools. Europlanet 2020 RI has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 654208.

Competition entre supraconductivite et magnetisme au voisinage de la transition de Mott dans le conducteur organique quasi-bidimensionnel k-(BEDT-TTF)2copper[N(CN)2]bromine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fournier, David

Les conducteurs organiques quasi-bidimensionnels kappa-ET2X presentent d'importantes similitudes avec les SCHT telles qu'une phase isolant de Mott, un regime de pseudogap et un etat supraconducteur. L'etude de leurs proprietes apparait donc complementaire. Parmi les interrogations persistantes concernant la physique de ces systemes, l'origine du (ou des) processus exotique d'appariement, responsable de la supraconductivite est le sujet suscitant l'interet le plus marque dans la communaute. L'hypothese d'un mecanisme lie a la proximite d'un etat antiferromagnetique est privilegiee. Une etape importante dans la resolution de cette problematique est l'identification de la symetrie du parametre d'ordre. D'apres de nombreux travaux sur les systemes fortement correles, la sonde ultrasonore, de par sa sensibilite aux excitations de quasiparticule a basse temperature, est consideree comme particulierement adaptee a l'etude de cette propriete. Cependant, son emploi necessite l'utilisation d'un compose metallique a basse temperature et completement supraconducteur. Le compose metallique organique kappa-ET 2Cu[N(CN)2]Br presente toutes les caracteristiques necessaires a l'etude de cette propriete. En effet, il est situe loin de la transition du premier ordre de Mott et est completement supraconducteur. De facon surprenante, ce systeme semble se coupler fortement avec le reseau ce qui augmente significativement la sensibilite de cette sonde aux proprietes du gaz electronique. Cependant, des difficultes techniques importantes, liees a la nature intrinseque de ce materiau, doivent etre surmontees pour proceder a des mesures suivant differentes polarisations. La presente etude a profondement modifie notre comprehension de ce systeme. En effet, ces mesures ont permis de constater que le kappa-ET2Cu[N(CN)2]Br est un compose qui est situe en bordure de la zone de coexistence entre la supraconductivite et le magnetisme, ce qui constitue un resultat totalement inattendu. De plus, la variation judicieuse du cycle thermique s'est averee etre equivalente a une modification de la pression chimique. Cette derniere est modifiee par l'intermediaire d'une relaxation structurale autour de 85 K appelee la transition de verre d'ethylenes. Cela nous a permis de suivre l'evolution de cette coexistence en s'approchant de la transition de premier ordre, et ainsi de statuer sur la competition entre la supraconductivite et le magnetisme ainsi que sur l'existence d'une separation de phase d'ordre macroscopique. De plus, nous avons observe une anisotropie similaire sur les mesures de vitesse ultrasonore entre le regime de pseudogap et la supraconductivite. Ce resultat tend a confirmer l'existence d'une physique commune entre le regime de pseudogap et l'etat supraconducteur. Le regime de pseudogap, encore meconnu a ce jour, est probablement relie a des fluctuations antiferromagnetiques, dont l'origine pourrait etre un emboitement de la surface de Fermi quasi-unidimensionnelle de ce compose, ou bien relie a la proximite de la physique de Mott. Enfin, l'analyse de la symetrie du parametre d'ordre supraconducteur, qui est probablement de type s+d, tend a demontrer que les processus de couplage interplan sont d'une importance cruciale. L'approche theorique de Hubbard purement 2D dans le plan conducteur semble donc insuffisante pour la recherche du mecanisme d'appariement.

Statistical model of quiet Sun coronal heating (French Title: Modèle statistique de chauffage de la couronne solaire calme)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Podladchikova, O.

2002-02-01

The high temperature of the solar corona is still a puzzling problem of solar physics. However, the recent observations of satellites SoHO, Yohkoh or TRACE seem to indicate that the processes responsible for the heating of the closed regions are situated in the low corona or in the chromosphere, thus close to the sun surface, and are associated to the direct currents dissipation. Statistical data analysis suggest that the heating mechanisms result thus from numerous events of current layers dissipation of small scale and weak energy, on the resolution limit of modern instruments. We propose a statistical lattice model, resulting from an approach more physical than self-organized criticality, constituted by a magnetic energy source at small scales and by dissipation mechanisms of the currents, which can be associated either to magnetic reconnection or to anomalous resistivity. The various types of sources and mechanisms of dissipation allow to study their influence on the statistical properties of the system, in particular on the energy dissipation. With the aim of quantifying this behavior and allowing detailed comparisons between models and observations, analysis techniques little used in solar physics, such as the singular values decomposition, entropies, or Pearson technique of PDF classification are introduced and applied to the study of the spatial and temporal properties of the model. La température anormalement élevée de la couronne reste un des problèmes majeurs de la physique solaire. Toutefois, les observations récentes des satellites SoHO, Yohkoh ou TRACE semblent indiquer que les processus responsables du chauffage des régions fermées se situent dans la basse couronne ou dans la chromosphère, donc proches de la surface solaire, et sont associés à la dissipation de couches de courant continu. L'analyse statistique de données suggère que les mécanismes de chauffage résulteraient donc de nombreux événements de dissipation de couches de courant de petite échelle et de faible énergie, àla limite de la résolution des instruments modernes. Nous proposons un modèle statistique sur réseau, résultant d'une approche plus physique que la criticalité auto-organisée, constitué d'une source d'énergie magnétique de petite échelle et de mécanismes de dissipation des courants, qui peuvent être associés soit à la reconnection magnétique soit à la résistivité anormale. Les différents types de sources et de mécanismes de dissipation permettent d'étudier leur influence sur les propriétés statistiques du système, en particulier sur l'énergie dissipée. Dans le but de quantifier ces comportements et de permettre des comparaisons approfondies entres les modèles et les observations, des techniques d'analyse peu utilisées en physique solaire, telles que la décomposition en valeurs singulières, des entropies, ou la technique de Pearson de classification des densités de probabilité, sont introduites et appliquées `a l'étude des propriétés spatiales et temporelles du modèle.

Nutrition considerations in special environments for aquatic sports.

PubMed

Stellingwerff, Trent; Pyne, David B; Burke, Louise M

2014-08-01

Elite athletes who compete in aquatic sports face the constant challenge of arduous training and competition schedules in difficult and changing environmental conditions. The huge range of water temperatures to which swimmers and other aquatic athletes are often exposed (16-31 °C for open-water swimming), coupled with altered aquatic thermoregulatory responses as compared with terrestrial athletes, can challenge the health, safety, and performance of these athletes. Other environmental concerns include air and water pollution, altitude, and jetlag and travel fatigue. However, these challenging environments provide the potential for several nutritional interventions that can mitigate the negative effects and enhance adaptation and performance. These interventions include providing adequate hydration and carbohydrate and iron intake while at altitude; optimizing body composition and fluid and carbohydrate intake when training or competing in varying water temperatures; and maximizing fluid and food hygiene when traveling. There is also emerging information on nutritional interventions to manage jetlag and travel fatigue, such as the timing of food intake and the strategic use of caffeine or melatonin. Aquatic athletes often undertake their major global competitions where accommodations feature cafeteria-style buffet eating. These environments can often lead to inappropriate choices in the type and quantity of food intake, which is of particular concern to divers and synchronized swimmers who compete in physique-specific sports, as well as swimmers who have a vastly reduced energy expenditure during their taper. Taken together, planned nutrition and hydration interventions can have a favorable impact on aquatic athletes facing varying environmental challenges.

The Planck milestone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouchet, François R.; Piat, Michel; Lamarre, Jean-Michel

2003-10-01

Planck, a European Space Agency satellite to be launched in 2007, is dedicated to surveying the full sky at sub-millimetre and millimetre wavelength. The primary goal of the mission is the final mapping of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies (CMBA). With an angular resolution of 5 arcmin and a sensitivity of Δ TCMB/ TCMB=2×10 -6, the Planck mission will be about 1000 times more sensitive than COBE-DMR and at least 20 times more than WMAP. Planck has also very good capabilites for measurements of polarization, although it will not exhaust the information contained in the CMBA polarization pattern. Two instruments share the Planck focal plane; the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) covers the wavelength ranging from 300 μm to 3 mm by using 48 bolometers cooled to 100 mK. This instrument is realized by an international collaboration, led by the IAS at Orsay. The other part of the relevant electromagnetic spectrum is covered by the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) using HEMT radiometers cooled at 18 K and realized by a consortium led by the CNR in Milano. The first part of this article presents expected results of Planck on CMBA, both in intensity and polarization. In a second part, the global design of the Planck mission will be presented. We describe in particular the implications of Planck scientific goals on the instruments design, and especially on HFI that is the most sensitive Planck instrument. To cite this article: F.R. Bouchet et al., C. R. Physique 4 (2003).

Dysfunctional C8 beta chain in patients with C8 deficiency.

PubMed

Tschopp, J; Penea, F; Schifferli, J; Späth, P

1986-12-01

Two sera from unrelated individuals, each lacking C8 activity, were examined by Western blot analysis. Using antisera raised against whole C8, the two sera are shown to lack the C8 beta chain, indicating a C8 beta deficiency, which is frequently observed in cases of dysfunctional C8. In contrast, by means of a specific anti-C8-beta antiserum, a C8 beta-like polypeptide chain of apparently identical molecular weight compared to normal C8 beta was detected. Digestion of normal and dysfunctional C8 beta with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease revealed distinct differences in the enzymatic digestion pattern. We conclude that the dysfunction in the C8 protein in these two patients resides in the dysfunctional C8 beta chain, and that this form of C8 deficiency is distinct from C8 deficiencies previously reported, in which one or both C8 subunits are lacking.

Multi-parameter observation of environmental asbestos pollution at the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (Jussieu Campus, France).

PubMed

Besson, P; Lalanne, F X; Wang, Y; Guyot, F

1999-11-01

An original multi-parameter system has been used to study the nature of dust in the ambient air, particularly the total fibers and asbestos fibers, in eight areas of the Institut de Physique de Globe de Paris (France). These analyses provide a detailed case study of environmental pollution by asbestos fibers at low levels. The levels of total fibers with a length greater than 3 microns, measured with a real time fiber analyser monitor (FAM), give a baseline of 2.5 fibers per l., throughout the duration of sampling. The same levels, calculated during periods of effective presence of staff, are smaller than 10 fb per l. During these periods, the instantaneous value can show high peaks, reaching a maximum of 60 fb per l., but more often of about 5 to 10 fb per l. A direct cause and effect relationship exists between fiber concentrations and the presence of people, and indirectly with the variation of the other environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity). The baseline concentration of asbestos fibers, determined by analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM), is about 10(-1) fb per l., with a mean value during the presence of people always less than 1.5 fb per l. The low levels of asbestos fibers do not allow us to establish a precise correlation between the concentration of total fibers and the asbestos concentration, but a rough estimate suggests that asbestos could represent 10-20% of the airborne fibers monitored with the FAM. The statistical study of fiber sizes shows that 70 and 55% of analyzed chrysotile and amosite fibers respectively are smaller than 5 microns. These numbers are 40 and 35% for fibers smaller than 3 microns, which are undetected by the FAM. Amosite, which characterizes most of the asbestos-containing materials (ACM) in the analyzed areas, is detected in the ambient air in quantities ten times less important than chrysotile. The low asbestos levels and the difference between the nature of building asbestos and airborne fibers, show that the mean measured asbestos contents in the ambient air represent the geochemical background of chrysotile asbestos fibers in the Parisian air.

Restauration fonctionnelle du rachis : effet du niveau initial de douleur sur les performances des sujets lombalgiques chroniques

PubMed Central

Caby, Isabelle; Olivier, N; Mendelek, F; Kheir, R Bou; Vanvelcenaher, J; Pelayo, P

2014-01-01

HISTORIQUE : La lombalgie chronique est une douleur lombaire persistante d’origine multifactorielle. Le niveau de douleur initial reste faiblement utilisé pour analyser et comparer les réponses des patients lombalgiques au programme de reconditionnement. OBJECTIFS : Apprécier et évaluer les réponses des sujets lombalgiques chroniques très douloureux à une prise en charge dynamique et intensive. MÉTHODOLOGIE : 144 sujets atteints de lombalgie chronique ont été inclus dans un programme de restauration fonctionnelle du rachis de 5 semaines. Les sujets ont été classés en deux groupes de niveau de douleur: un groupe atteint de douleur sévère (n = 28) et un groupe atteint de douleur légère à modérée (n = 106). L’ensemble des sujets ont bénéficié d’une prise en charge identique comprenant principalement de la kinésithérapie, de l’ergothérapie, du reconditionnement musculaire et cardio-vasculaire ainsi qu’un suivi psychologique. Les paramètres physiques (flexibilité, force musculaire) et psychologiques (qualité de vie) ont été mesurés avant (T0) et après le programme (T5sem). RÉSULTATS : L’ensemble des performances physiques et fonctionnelles des sujets très douloureux sont moins bonnes et le retentissement de la lombalgie sur la qualité de vie, pour ces mêmes sujets, est majoré à T0. Toutes les différences significatives constatées à T0 entre les deux groupes s’effacent à T5sem. CONCLUSIONS : Les sujets lombalgiques chroniques très douloureux répondent favorablement au programme dynamique et intensif. L’intensité douloureuse de la lombalgie n’aurait pas d’effet sur les réponses au programme. La restauration fonctionnelle du rachis apporterait aux sujets la possibilité de mieux gérer leur douleur quel que soit son niveau. PMID:25299476

Dépistage des maladies cardiovasculaires chez des étudiants de l'Université de Douala et influence des activités physiques et sportives

PubMed Central

Ewane, Marielle Epacka; Mandengue, Samuel Honoré; Priso, Eugene Belle; Tamba, Stéphane Moumbe; Ahmadou; Fouda, André Bita

2012-01-01

Introduction Les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) constituent l'une des principales causes de mortalité dans les pays en développement. Le dépistage de ces dernières chez des jeunes est un défi dans la lutte contre leur expansion. Le but de cette étude était de dépister ces maladies au sein d'une population jeunes d’étudiants camerounais. Methodes Deux mille six cent cinquante-huit étudiants de l'Université de Douala (23,6 ± 2,9 ans, sex-ratio H/F = 0,9) ont en Avril - Mai 2011 participé à une campagne de dépistage gratuit du diabète, de l'hypertension artérielle (HTA) et de l'obésité. Ils ont également été soumis à une d'enquête évaluant leur niveau en activités physiques et sportives (APS). Resultats 12,7% des participants avaient une pression artérielle (PA) ≥ 140/90 mmHg, 3,6% étaient obèses et 0,9% avaient une glycémie ≥1,26 g/L. Des corrélations ont été trouvées entre certains facteurs de risque (diabète, hypertension et obésité) et le niveau académique d'une part (r =0,366; p < 0,0001) et le temps passé devant la télévision d'autres part (r = 0,411; p < 0,0001). L‘APS était inversement corrélée à l‘âge (r =-0,015; p < 0,0001) et au temps passé devant la télévision (r = -0,059; p = 0,002). Conclusion La présence des MCV et leurs facteurs de risque mis en évidence dans cette étude réalisée en milieu estudiantin camerounais interpelle à une prévention et une éducation dans la lutte contre ces dernières. PMID:22655111

Une recension des écrits concernant la réalité psychoaffective des femmes ayant une vulvodynie : Difficultés rencontrées et stratégies développées

PubMed Central

Cantin-Drouin, Maude; Damant, Dominique; Turcotte, Daniel

2008-01-01

HISTORIQUE : Au cours des trois dernières décennies, une attention grandissante a été portée à l’étude du syndrome de vulvodynie, soit un inconfort vulvaire chronique inexpliqué, éprouvé en l’absence de pathologie précisée. En plus d’avoir des répercussions physiques, l’expérience de la vulvodynie comporte une dimension psychosociale. OBJECTIF : Cet article vise à faire une recension des écrits sur la réalité psychoaffective des femmes qui éprouvent une vulvodynie. MÉTHODE : Une recherche documentaire basée sur une exploration systématique de textes présentant des résultats de recherche et recensés dans les principales banques de données en sciences sociales, dont Dissertation Abstracts, Current Contents et PsycINFO, a été réalisée. RÉSULTATS : Cette recension des écrits révèle, malgré la présence de certains résultats divergents, que les femmes ayant une vulvodynie affrontent souvent des difficultés identitaires et psychologiques, qui sont influencées notamment par les normes sociales de sexualité et de féminité. Pour composer avec ces difficultés, les femmes développent différentes stratégies visant à diminuer le stress occasionné par la douleur et à améliorer leur bien-être psychologique. CONCLUSION : Les difficultés relationnelles et psychologiques vécues par les femmes ayant une vulvodynie ne découlent pas seulement de la douleur physique, mais aussi du sens qu’elles lui accordent, souvent influencé par les discours sociaux sur l’hétérosexualité et la féminité. Il importe donc d’intervenir auprès des femmes en tenant compte de l’influence du contexte social tout en poursuivant le développement des connaissances sur les aspects psychosociaux de cette expérience. PMID:18592063

No 129-L'exercice physique pendant la grossesse et le postpartum.

PubMed

Davies, Gregory A L; Wolfe, Larry A; Mottola, Michelle F; MacKinnon, Catherine

2018-02-01

Énoncer une directive canadienne visant à informer les fournisseurs de soins obstétricaux des répercussions, pour la mère, le fœtus et le nouveau-né, des exercices de conditionnement aerobique et musculaire pendant la grossesse. RéSULTATS ATTENDUS: Effets sur la morbidité maternelle, fœtale et néonatale et mesures de la forme physique maternelle. Une recherche sur MEDLINE des articles, publiés en anglais de 1966 à 2002, appartenant aux catégories suivantes : études sur le conditionnement aérobique et musculaire chez des femmes ne faisant pas jusque-là d'exercice et chez des femmes actives avant leur grossesse, ainsi que des études sur les répercussions du conditionnement aérobique et musculaire sur les issues précoces et tardives de la grossesse ou sur les issues néonatales; rapports de synthèse et méta-analyses portant sur l'exercice pendant la grossesse. Les résultats recueillis ont été revus par la Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada (Comité de la pratique clinique - obstétrique), avec la participation de la Société canadienne de physiologie de l'exercice, et ils ont été classés suivant les critères d'évaluation des preuves établis par le Groupe de travail canadien sur l'examen de santé périodique. VALIDATION: Cette directive a été approuvée par le Comité de pratique clinique - obstétrique de la SOGC, par le Comité exécutif et par le Conseil de la SOGC, ainsi que par le Conseil d'administration de la Société canadienne de physiologie de l'exercice. PARRAINé PAR: la Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada et par la Société canadienne de physiologie de l'exercice. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

[Relations between duration of sleep, dietary patterns and the prevalence of overweight/obesity among 11-13 year-olds in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province of China].

PubMed

Lu, Qingyun; Hou, Fangli; Sun, Ying; Zhang, Zhaocheng; Tao, Fangbiao

2014-04-01

To describe the relationships between sleep duration, dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents in Xuzhou, and to develop prevention and intervention strategies for adolescent-obesity. Data of 3 103 boys and girls from 5 junior high schools were analyzed. Self-reported information on duration of sleep, dietary patterns, physical activities and time spent on watching video/audio program were assessed and physique data was also collected. Descriptive statistics, multiple liner regression and logistic regression models were used. The prevalence rates on overweight and obesity in boys were 23.5% and 22.5% , and in girls were 18.1% and 11.9%, respectively. Proportions of insufficient sleep (<8 h/d) in boys appeared 28.1% and in girls as 33.0% . From logistic regression analysis revealed that there appeared risk on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys who had sleep duration <7 h/d [OR(95% CI):1.72 (1.08-2.74)], but no significant association was found between duration of sleep and overweight/ obesity in girls. After adjusting on age, levels of parental education, family income, physical activities, time spent on watching video/audio programs, and weight status, boys who had sleep duration less than 7 h/d would have the odds ratio of 1.69 (1.10-2.73), for the likelihood of increasing the frequency of eating snacks compared to their counterparts who had sleep duration of ≥ 8 h/d. The Shortened duration of sleep seemed an independent risk factor on overweight/obesity among male adolescents, and it was associated with the increased frequency of eating snacks. Data from our study showed that the dietary patterns might play a role in the association between duration of sleep and overweight/ obesity, among male adolescents.

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

PubMed Central

Kersey, Robert D.; Elliot, Diane L.; Goldberg, Linn; Kanayama, Gen; Leone, James E.; Pavlovich, Mike; Pope, Harrison G.

2012-01-01

This NATA position statement was developed by the NATA Research & Education Foundation. Objective This manuscript summarizes the best available scholarly evidence related to anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) as a reference for health care professionals, including athletic trainers, educators, and interested others. Background Health care professionals associated with sports or exercise should understand and be prepared to educate others about AAS. These synthetic, testosterone-based derivatives are widely abused by athletes and nonathletes to gain athletic performance advantages, develop their physiques, and improve their body image. Although AAS can be ergogenic, their abuse may lead to numerous negative health effects. Recommendations Abusers of AAS often rely on questionable information sources. Sports medicine professionals can therefore serve an important role by providing accurate, reliable information. The recommendations provide health care professionals with a current and accurate synopsis of the AAS-related research. PMID:23068595

(Gas discharges and applications)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sauers, I.

1988-10-04

The traveler attended the Ninth International Conference on Gas Discharges and Their Applications, which was held in Venice, Italy, on September 19--23, 1988; presented two papers, (1) Ion Chemistry in SF{sub 6} Corona'' and (2) Production of S{sub 2}F{sub 10} by SF{sub 6} Spark Discharge''; and participated in numerous discussions with conference participants on gas discharges related to his work on SF{sub 6}. The traveler visited the Centre de Physique Atomique at the University Paul Sabatier in Toulouse, France, to discuss with Dr. J. Casanovas his work on SF{sub 6} decomposition. Following that visit, the traveler visited the Laboratoire demore » Photoelectricite at the University of Dijon to discuss with Dr. J.-P. Goudonnet his work on surface studies and on the use of tunneling electron spectroscopy for the chemical analysis of surfaces.« less

The prevalence and consequences of subclinical eating disorders in female athletes.

PubMed

Beals, K A; Manore, M M

1994-06-01

A growing body of evidence suggests that the prevalence of eating disorders and excessive concerns regarding body weight in certain subpopulations of female athletes are increasing. The pressure on female athletes to improve their performances and physiques, coupled with the general sociocultural demand placed on all women to be thin, often results in attempts to achieve unrealistic body size and body weight goals. For some female athletes the pressure to achieve and maintain a low body weight leads to potentially harmful patterns of restrictive eating or chronic dieting. This paper seeks to further delineate the characteristics of a recently identified subclinical eating disorder in female athletes: anorexia athletica. Research studies that support the existence of subclinical eating disorders will be reviewed. In addition, the possible physiological and psychological consequences of subclinical eating disorders will be explored.

Physiscope

ScienceCinema

Gaumer, Olivier

2018-05-24

Peut-on survivre à une décharge de 100000 volts? Le corps humain est-il conducteur? Qu'est-ce la charge électrique? L'air est-il conducteur? Quel est le meilleur conducteur connu? Autant de question que l'on se posera durant cette découverte de la physique et le l'électricité, par une approche originale, ludique et participative. Venez glisser en lévitation sur une trottinette supraconductrice! [Can we survive a discharge of 100,000 volts? Is the human body conductive? What is the electric charge? Is the air conductive? What is the best known driver? As much question as one will ask during this discovery of the physics and the electricity, by an original, playful and participative approach. Come levitate on a superconducting scooter!

Influence of CYP2C8 polymorphisms on the hydroxylation metabolism of paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers in vitro.

PubMed

Yu, Lushan; Shi, Da; Ma, Liping; Zhou, Quan; Zeng, Su

2013-07-01

CYP2C8 plays an important role in the metabolism of various drugs, such as paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen. Polymorphisms in the CYP2C8 gene were shown to influence interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers. In this study, three CYP2C8 allelic variants (CYP2C8.2, CYP2C8.3 and CYP2C8.4) and wild-type CYP2C8 (CYP2C8.1) were co-expressed for the first time with human cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) and cytochrome b5 by using a baculovirus-assisted insect cell expression system. Further, the effects of genotype-phenotype correlations of CYP2C8 alleles on the metabolism of paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers were evaluated. The CLint values of CYP2C8.2, CYP2C8.3 and CYP2C8.4 for paclitaxel were 47.7%, 64.3% and 30.2% of that of CYP2C8.1 (p<0.01). The CLint values of CYP2C8.2 and CYP2C8.4 for repaglinide were 77.9% and 80.2% of that of CYP2C8.1 (p<0.05), respectively, while the CLint value of CYP2C8.3 was 1.31-fold higher than that of CYP2C8.1 (p<0.05). The relative CLint values of CYP2C8.2, CYP2C8.3 and CYP2C8.4 were 110.5%, 72.3% and 49.7% of that of CYP2C8.1 and were 124.6%, 83.4% and 47.4% of that of CYP2C8.1 for R-ibuprofen and S-ibuprofen, respectively. Comparing hydroxylation by CYP2C8.1 and CYP2C8.3 resulted in higher and lower intrinsic clearance of repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers, respectively. These in vitro findings were consistent with the pharmacokinetics in volunteers who were heterozygous or homozygous carriers of CYP2C8*3. The results of this study provide useful information for predicting CYP2C8 phenotypes and may contribute to individualized drug therapy in the future. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Optimisation des proprietes physiques d'un composite carbone epoxy fabrique par le procede RFI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koanda, Mahamat Mamadou Lamine

The RFI (Resin Film Infusion) process is a composite materials manufacturing process. Especially known for the small investment it requires, RFI processes are more and more widely used in the aeronautical industry. However a number of aspects of this process are still not well controlled. The quality of the final part depends on which process is used. In the case of RFI, controlling physical characteristics such as thickness, fiber volume fraction or void content remains a major challenge. This dissertation deals with the optimization of the physical properties of a carbon composite manufactured with RFI processes. The ASTMD3171 and ASTMD792 standards were used to measure the void content and fiber volume fraction. First, we introduced different layup sequences in the RFI process and evaluate their impact on the physical properties of the final product. The experiments show the primary mode A, with the resin film at the bottom, resulting in much better quality with controlled fiber volume fraction and void content. Mode B (film in the symmetrical plane) yields results identical to mode A except more irregular thicknesses. Mode C (symmetrical film in the laminate) produces locally unacceptable void contents. Mode D (resin film on the top of the laminate) yields much better results than mode A with the exception of the more irregular thicknesses. Making gaps and overlaps with the resin film has negative effects beyond 2.54cm (one inch) and should be avoided. Several C-scan observations of the manufactured samples showed a large accumulation of porosity in the resin rich areas, as well as surface defects. Ultimately we analyzed the cure cycle in light of the thermodynamic porosity models. It is evident that the diffusion phenomenon is essential in this process. Therefore a better conditioning of the resin film made by Cytec is required. An optimal design with a cycle stop and pressure lag yields the optimal cure cycle for the RFI process.

Modeles numeriques de la stimulation optique de neurones assistee par nanoparticules plasmoniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Le Hir, Nicolas

La stimulation de neurones par laser emerge depuis plusieurs annees comme une alternative aux techniques plus traditionnelles de stimulation artificielle. Contrairement a celles-ci, la stimulation lumineuse ne necessite pas d'interagir directement avec le tissu organique, comme c'est le cas pour une stimulation par electrodes, et ne necessite pas de manipulation genetique comme c'est le cas pour les methodes optogenetiques. Plus recemment, la stimulation lumineuse de neurones assistee par nanoparticules a emerge comme un complement a la stimulation simplement lumineuse. L'utilisation de nanoparticules complementaires permet d'augmenter la precision spatiale du procede et de diminuer la fluence necessaire pour observer le phenomene. Ceci vient des proprietes d'interaction entre les nanoparticules et le faisceau laser, comme par exemple les proprietes d'absorption des nanoparticules. Deux phenomenes princpaux sont observes. Dans certains cas, il s'agit d'une depolarisation de la membrane, ou d'un potentiel d'action. Dans d'autres experiences, un influx de calcium vers l'interieur du neurone est detecte par une augmentation de la fluorescence d'une proteine sensible a la concentration calcique. Certaines stimulations sont globales, c'est a dire qu'une perturbation se propage a l'ensemble du neurone : c'est le cas d'un potentiel d'action. D'autres sont, au contraire, locales et ne se propagent pas a l'ensemble de la cellule. Si une stimulation lumineuse globale est rendue possible par des techniques relativement bien maitrisees a l'heure actuelle, comme l'optogenetique, une stimulation uniquement locale est plus difficile a realiser. Or, il semblerait que les methodes de stimulation lumineuse assistees par nanoparticules puissent, dans certaines conditions, offrir cette possibilite. Cela serait d'une grande aide pour conduire de nouvelles etudes sur le fonctionnement des neurones, en offrant de nouvelles possibilites experimentales en complement des possibilites actuelles. Cependant, le mecanisme physique a l'origine de la stimulation lumineuse de neurones, ainsi que celui a l'orgine de la stimulation lumineuse assistee par nanoparticules, n'est a ce jour pas totalement compris. Des hypotheses ont ete formulees concernant ce mecanisme : il pourrait etre photothermique, photomecanique, ou encore photochimique. Il se pourrait egalement que plusieurs mecanismes soient a l'oeuvre conjointement, etant donne la variete des observations. La litterature ne converge pas a ce sujet et l'existence d'un mecanisme commun aux differentes situations n'a pas ete demontree.

Relationship between body mass, lean mass, fat mass, and limb bone cross-sectional geometry: Implications for estimating body mass and physique from the skeleton.

PubMed

Pomeroy, Emma; Macintosh, Alison; Wells, Jonathan C K; Cole, Tim J; Stock, Jay T

2018-05-01

Estimating body mass from skeletal dimensions is widely practiced, but methods for estimating its components (lean and fat mass) are poorly developed. The ability to estimate these characteristics would offer new insights into the evolution of body composition and its variation relative to past and present health. This study investigates the potential of long bone cross-sectional properties as predictors of body, lean, and fat mass. Humerus, femur and tibia midshaft cross-sectional properties were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography in sample of young adult women (n = 105) characterized by a range of activity levels. Body composition was estimated from bioimpedance analysis. Lean mass correlated most strongly with both upper and lower limb bone properties (r values up to 0.74), while fat mass showed weak correlations (r ≤ 0.29). Estimation equations generated from tibial midshaft properties indicated that lean mass could be estimated relatively reliably, with some improvement using logged data and including bone length in the models (minimum standard error of estimate = 8.9%). Body mass prediction was less reliable and fat mass only poorly predicted (standard errors of estimate ≥11.9% and >33%, respectively). Lean mass can be predicted more reliably than body mass from limb bone cross-sectional properties. The results highlight the potential for studying evolutionary trends in lean mass from skeletal remains, and have implications for understanding the relationship between bone morphology and body mass or composition. © 2018 The Authors. American Journal of Physical Anthropology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Nutritional recommendations for divers.

PubMed

Benardot, Dan; Zimmermann, Wes; Cox, Gregory R; Marks, Saul

2014-08-01

Competitive diving involves grace, power, balance, and flexibility, which all require satisfying daily energy and nutrient needs. Divers are short, well-muscled, and lean, giving them a distinct biomechanical advantage. Although little diving-specific nutrition research on performance and health outcomes exists, there is concern that divers are excessively focused on body weight and composition, which may result in reduced dietary intake to achieve desired physique goals. This will result in low energy availability, which may have a negative impact on their power-to-weight ratio and health risks. Evidence is increasing that restrictive dietary practices leading to low energy availability also result in micronutrient deficiencies, premature fatigue, frequent injuries, and poor athletic performance. On the basis of daily training demands, estimated energy requirements for male and female divers are 3,500 kcal and 2,650 kcal, respectively. Divers should consume a diet that provides 3-8 g/kg/day of carbohydrate, with the higher values accommodating growth and development. Total daily protein intake (1.2-1.7 g/kg) should be spread evenly throughout the day in 20 to 30 g amounts and timed appropriately after training sessions. Divers should consume nutrient-dense foods and fluids and, with medical supervision, certain dietary supplements (i.e., calcium and iron) may be advisable. Although sweat loss during indoor training is relatively low, divers should follow appropriate fluid-intake strategies to accommodate anticipated sweat losses in hot and humid outdoor settings. A multidisciplinary sports medicine team should be integral to the daily training environment, and suitable foods and fluids should be made available during prolonged practices and competitions.

Computer Implementation and Simulation of Some Neural Networks Used in Pattern Recognition and Classification

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-01

8,8) REAL ARR(64), X(64), PMAT(8,8), BMAT (8,8), U(10,11) C C C * INITIALIZATION C C PRINT*,’ CARPENTER / GROSSBERG NETWORK IMPLEMENTATION’ PRINT...CONTINUE 38 FORMAT(1X,8I5) 7 DO0441I=1, 8 DO 45 J1I, 8 BMAT (I,J) = REAL(MATRIX(I,J)) 45 CONTINUE 44 CONTINUE CALL MATVEC( BMAT ,X) C C C *COMPUTE MATCHING

Identity of the segment of human complement C8 recognized by complement regulatory protein CD59.

PubMed

Lockert, D H; Kaufman, K M; Chang, C P; Hüsler, T; Sodetz, J M; Sims, P J

1995-08-25

CD59 antigen is a membrane glycoprotein that inhibits the activity of the C5b-9 membrane attack complex (MAC), thereby protecting human cells from lysis by human complement. The inhibitory function of CD59 derives from its capacity to interact with both the C8 and C9 components of MAC, preventing assembly of membrane-inserted C9 polymer. MAC-inhibitory activity of CD59 is species-selective and is most effective when both C8 and C9 derive from human or other primate plasma. Rabbit C8 and C9, which can substitute for human C8 and C9 in MAC, mediate virtually unrestricted lysis of human cells expressing CD59. In order to identify the segment of human C8 that is recognized by CD59, recombinant peptides containing human or rabbit C8 sequence were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. CD59 was found to specifically bind to a peptide corresponding to residues 334-385 of the human C8 alpha-subunit, and to require a disulfide bond between Cys345 and Cys369. No specific binding was observed to the corresponding sequence from rabbit C8 alpha (residues 334-386). To obtain functional evidence that this segment of human C8 alpha is selectively recognized by CD59, recombinant C8 proteins were prepared by co-transfecting COS-7 cells with human/rabbit chimeras of the C8 alpha cDNA, and cDNAs encoding the C8 beta and C8 gamma chains. Hemolytic activity of MAC formed with chimeric C8 was analyzed using target cells reconstituted with CD59. These experiments confirmed that CD59 recognizes a conformationally sensitive epitope that is within a segment of human C8 alpha internal to residues 320-415. Our data also suggest that optimal interaction of CD59 with this segment of human C8 alpha is influenced by N-terminal flanking sequence in C8 alpha and by human C8 beta, but is unaffected by C8 gamma.

Parametrisation D'effets Non-Standard EN Phenomenologie Electrofaible

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maksymyk, Ivan

Cette these pat articles porte sur la parametrisation d'effets non standard en physique electrofaible. Dans chaque analyse, nous avons ajoute plusieurs operateurs non standard au lagrangien du modele standard electrofaible. Les operateurs non standard decrivent les nouveaux effets decoulant d'un modele sous-jacent non-specefie. D'emblee, le nombre d'operateurs non standard que l'on peut inclure dans une telle analyse est illimite. Mais pour une classe specifique de modeles sous-jacents, les effets non standard peuvent etre decrits par un nombre raisonnable d'operateurs. Dans chaque analyse nous avons developpe des expressions pour des observables electrofaibles, en fonction des coefficients des operateurs nouveaux. En effectuant un "fit" statistique sur un ensemble de donnees experimentales precises, nous avons obtenu des contraintes phenomenologiques sur ces coefficients. Dans "Model-Independent Global Constraints on New Physics", nous avons adopte des hypotheses tres peu contraignantes relatives aux modeles sous-jacents. Nous avons tronque le lagrangien effectif a la dimension cinq (inclusivement). Visant la plus grande generalite possible, nous avons admis des interactions qui ne respectent pas les symetries discretes (soit C, P et CP) ainsi que des interactions qui ne conservent pas la saveur. Le lagrangien effectif contient une quarantaine d'operateurs nouveaux. Nous avons determine que, pour la plupart des coefficients des nouveaux operateurs, les contraintes sont assez serrees (2 ou 3%), mais il y a des exceptions interessantes. Dans "Bounding Anomalous Three-Gauge-Boson Couplings", nous avons determine des contraintes phenomenologiques sur les deviations des couplages a trois bosons de jauge par rapport aux interactions prescrites par le modele standard. Pour ce faire, nous avons calcule les contributions indirectes des CTBJ non standard aux observables de basse energie. Puisque le lagrangien effectif est non-renormalisable, certaines difficultes techniques se posent: pour regulariser les integrales de Feynman les chercheurs se sont generalement servi de la methode de coupure, mais cette methode peut mener a des resultats incorrects. Nous avons opte pour une technique alternative: la regularisation dimensionnelle et la "soustraction minimale avec decouplage". Dans "Beyond S, T and U" nous presentons le formalisme STUVWX, qui est une extension du formalisme STU de Peskin et Takeuchi. Ces formalismes sont bases sur l'hypothese que la theorie sous-jacente se manifeste au moyen de self -energies de bosons de jauge. Ce type d'effet s'appelle 'oblique'. A la base du formalisme STU se trouve la supposition que l'echelle de la nouvelle physique, M, est beaucoup plus grande que q, l'echelle a laquelle on effectue des mesures. Il en resulte que les effets obliques se parametrisent par les trois variables S, T et U. Par contre, dans le formalisme STUVWX, nous avons admis la possibilite que M~ q. Dans "A Global Fit to Extended Oblique Parameters", nous avons effectue deux fits statistiques sur un ensemble de mesures electrofaibles de haute precision. Dans le premier fit, nous avons pose V=W=X=0, obtenant ainsi des contraintes pour l'ensemble {S,T,U}. Dans le second fit, nous avons inclus tous les six parametres.

40 CFR 180.1284 - Ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C8-C18 saturated; C8-C12 unsaturated); exemption from the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Ammonium salts of higher fatty acids... Ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C8-C18 saturated; C8-C12 unsaturated); exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. Ammonium salts of C8-C18 saturated and C8-C12 unsaturated higher fatty acids are...

40 CFR 180.1284 - Ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C8-C18 saturated; C8-C12 unsaturated); exemption from the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Ammonium salts of higher fatty acids... Ammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C8-C18 saturated; C8-C12 unsaturated); exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. Ammonium salts of C8-C18 saturated and C8-C12 unsaturated higher fatty acids are...

Crystal Structure of the MACPF Domain of Human Complement Protein C8[alpha] in Complex with the C8[gamma] Subunit

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Slade, Daniel J.; Lovelace, Leslie L.; Chruszcz, Maksymilian

2010-03-04

Human C8 is one of five complement components (C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9) that assemble on bacterial membranes to form a porelike structure referred to as the 'membrane attack complex' (MAC). C8 contains three genetically distinct subunits (C8{alpha}, C8{beta}, C8{gamma}) arranged as a disulfide-linked C8{alpha}-{gamma} dimer that is noncovalently associated with C8{beta}. C6, C7 C8{alpha}, C8{beta}, and C9 are homologous. All contain N- and C-terminal modules and an intervening 40-kDa segment referred to as the membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF) domain. The C8{gamma} subunit is unrelated and belongs to the lipocalin family of proteins that display a {beta}-barrel fold andmore » generally bind small, hydrophobic ligands. Several hundred proteins with MACPF domains have been identified based on sequence similarity; however, the structure and function of most are unknown. Crystal structures of the secreted bacterial protein Plu-MACPF and the human C8{alpha} MACPF domain were recently reported and both display a fold similar to those of the bacterial pore-forming cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs). In the present study, we determined the crystal structure of the human C8{alpha} MACPF domain disulfide-linked to C8{gamma} ({alpha}MACPF-{gamma}) at 2.15 {angstrom} resolution. The {alpha}MACPF portion has the predicted CDC-like fold and shows two regions of interaction with C8{gamma}. One is in a previously characterized 19-residue insertion (indel) in C8{alpha} and fills the entrance to the putative C8{gamma} ligand-binding site. The second is a hydrophobic pocket that makes contact with residues on the side of the C8{gamma} {beta}-barrel. The latter interaction induces conformational changes in {alpha}MACPF that are likely important for C8 function. Also observed is structural conservation of the MACPF signature motif Y/W-G-T/S-H-F/Y-X{sub 6}-G-G in {alpha}MACPF and Plu-MACPF, and conservation of several key glycine residues known to be important for refolding and pore formation by CDCs.« less

The C8-binding protein of human erythrocytes: interaction with the components of the complement-attack phase.

PubMed Central

Schönermark, S; Filsinger, S; Berger, B; Hänsch, G M

1988-01-01

C8-binding protein is an intrinsic membrane protein of the human erythrocyte. It inhibits the complement (C5b-9)-mediated lysis in a species-restricting manner. In the present study we incorporated C8bp, isolated from human erythrocytes, into sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). SRBC, normally sensitive to lysis by human C5b-9, became insensitive to lysis. Furthermore, we found that C8bp is incorporated into the membrane-attack complex C5b-9, most probably by interacting with C8, since C8bp has an affinity for C8, particularly for the C8 alpha-gamma-subunit. Antibodies to C8bp react with the C8 alpha-subunits and with C9, pointing to the possibility of a partial homology between these proteins. Images Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 7 PMID:3366469

The acute effects of outdoor temperature on blood pressure in a panel of elderly hypertensive patients

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Renjie; Lu, Jianxiong; Yu, Qun; Peng, Li; Yang, Dandan; Wang, Cuicui; Kan, Haidong

2015-12-01

Higher level of blood pressure (BP) in winter than in summer has been observed, but the association between temperature and BP and its potential modifiers with adjustment of individual confounders and time trends was rarely explored. We aimed to investigate the association between outdoor temperature and BP and its potential modification factors in a longitudinal panel study in Shanghai, China. From January 2011 to December 2012, we scheduled 54 follow-ups for BP measurements per subject via home visit every other week for 50 elderly hypertensive patients. We applied linear mixed-effect models to analyze the association between temperature and BP after controlling for individual characteristics, antihypertensive medication, comorbidities, and time trends. We evaluated the potential effect modifiers by stratification analyses. For a 1 °C decrease in the average temperature on concurrent day and previous day, systolic BP increased by 0.19 mmHg (95 % confidence interval = 0.06, 0.31) and diastolic BP increased by 0.12 mmHg (95 % confidence interval = 0.03, 0.21). The effect of temperature on BP was stronger among those with older age, female sex, low socioeconomic status, and obese physique. The effect was weak and even null for those taking the angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, or its combination with calcium antagonists. Further, the effect was almost restricted within those having chronic comorbidities. Our results demonstrated that an acute decrease in outdoor temperature was significantly associated with a rise in BP among elderly hypertensive patients, in Shanghai, China. Individual characteristics, antihypertensive medications, and comorbidities may modify this effect.

Comparison of Ion Chemistries in Octafluoro-2-butene (2-C4F8) and in Octfluorocyclobutane (c-C4F8)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiao, Charles; Dejoseph, Charles; Garscadden, Alan

2007-10-01

2-C4F8 is one of the promising candidates to replace c-C4F8 that has been widely used for dielectric etching but is not environmentally friendly. In this study we have investigated electron impact ionization and ion-molecule reactions of 2-C4F8 using Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), and compared the results with those of c-C4F8 we have studied previously. Electron impact ionization of 2-C4F8 produces 15 ionic species including C4F7,8^+, C3F3,5,6^+, C2F4^+ and CF1-3^+ as the major ions. The total ionization cross section of 2-C4F8 reaches a maximum of 1.8x10-15 cm^2 at 90 eV. The ionization is dominated by the channel forming the parent ion C4F8^+ from 12 to 18 eV, and by the channel forming C3F5^+ from 18 to 70 eV. After 70 eV, CF3^+ becomes the dominant product ion. Among the major ions generated from the electron impact ionization of 2-C4F8, only CF^+, CF2^+ and CF3^+ are found to react with 2-C4F8, via F^- abstraction or charge transfer mechanism. The charge transfer reaction of Ar^++2-C4F8 produces primarily C4F7^+.

Comprehensive Proteoform Characterization of Plasma Complement Component C8αβγ by Hybrid Mass Spectrometry Approaches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Franc, Vojtech; Zhu, Jing; Heck, Albert J. R.

2018-03-01

The human complement hetero-trimeric C8αβγ (C8) protein assembly ( 150 kDa) is an important component of the membrane attack complex (MAC). C8 initiates membrane penetration and coordinates MAC pore formation. Here, we charted in detail the structural micro-heterogeneity within C8, purified from human plasma, combining high-resolution native mass spectrometry and (glyco)peptide-centric proteomics. The intact C8 proteoform profile revealed at least 20 co-occurring MS signals. Additionally, we employed ion exchange chromatography to separate purified C8 into four distinct fractions. Their native MS analysis revealed even more detailed structural micro-heterogeneity on C8. Subsequent peptide-centric analysis, by proteolytic digestion of C8 and LC-MS/MS, provided site-specific quantitative profiles of different types of C8 glycosylation. Combining all this data provides a detailed specification of co-occurring C8 proteoforms, including experimental evidence on N-glycosylation, C-mannosylation, and O-glycosylation. In addition to the known N-glycosylation sites, two more N-glycosylation sites were detected on C8. Additionally, we elucidated the stoichiometry of all C-mannosylation sites in all the thrombospondin-like (TSP) domains of C8α and C8β. Lastly, our data contain the first experimental evidence of O-linked glycans located on C8γ. Albeit low abundant, these O-glycans are the first PTMs ever detected on this subunit. By placing the observed PTMs in structural models of free C8 and C8 embedded in the MAC, it may be speculated that some of the newly identified modifications may play a role in the MAC formation. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Molecular cloning of the alpha subunit of complement component C8 (CpC8α) of whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum).

PubMed

Wang, Ying; Zhang, Mengmeng; Wang, Conghui; Ye, Boping; Hua, Zichun

2013-12-01

Complement-mediated cytolysis is the important effect of immune response, which results from the assembly of terminal complement components (C5b-9). Among them, α subunit of C8 (C8α) is the first protein that traverses the lipid bilayer, and then initiates the recruitment of C9 molecules to form pore on target membranes. In this article, a full-length cDNA of C8α (CpC8α) is identified from the whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) by RACE. The CpC8α cDNA is 2183 bp in length, encoding a protein of 591 amino acids. The deduced CpC8α exhibits 89%, 49% and 44% identity with nurse shark, frog and human orthologs, respectively. Sequence alignment indicates that the C8α is well conserved during the evolution process from sharks to mammals, with the same modular architecture as well as the identical cysteine composition in the mature protein. Phylogenetic analysis places CpC8α and nurse shark C8α in cartilaginous fish clade, in parallel with the teleost taxa, to form the C8α cluster with higher vertebrates. Hydrophobicity analysis also indicates a similar hydrophobicity of CpC8α to mammals. Finally, expression analysis revealed CpC8α transcripts were constitutively highly expressed in shark liver, with much less expression in other tissues. The well conserved structure and properties suggests an analogous function of CpC8α to mammalian C8α, though it remains to be confirmed by further study. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

75 FR 76284 - Pesticide Tolerance Crop Grouping Program II; Revisions to General Tolerance Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-08

............ 8-10B, 8-10C Pepper, bell, Capsicum annuum L. var. 8-10B annuum, Capsicum spp. Pepper, nonbell, Capsicum chinese Jacq., 8-10B, 8-10C C. annuum L. var. annuum, C. frutescens L., C. baccatum L., C. pubescens Ruiz & Pav., Capsicum spp. Roselle, Hibiscus sabdariffa L 8-10B, 8-10C Scarlet eggplant, Solanum...

Muscle dysmorphia in elite-level power lifters and bodybuilders: a test of differences within a conceptual model.

PubMed

Lantz, Christopher D; Rhea, Deborah J; Cornelius, Allen E

2002-11-01

The purpose of this study was to determine if associated characteristics of muscle dysmorphia (MD) were different between elite-level competitive bodybuilders and power lifters. Elite-level competitive bodybuilders (n = 100) and power lifters (n = 68) completed the muscle dysmorphia inventory (MDI) at the time of or immediately before competition. A 2 x 6 (group x MDI subscales) multivariate analysis of variance indicated that bodybuilders were significantly more likely to report body size-symmetry concerns (F(1, 167) = 10.31, p < 0.001), physique protection (F(1, 167) = 10.27, p < 0.001), dietary behavior (F(1, 167) = 28.38, p < 0.001), and pharmacological use (F(1, 167) = 19.64, p < 0.001) than were power lifters. These results suggest that elite-level bodybuilders are significantly more likely to engage in characteristics associated with MD than are elite-level power lifters.

[Disease, experiment and psychology in mid-19th century France].

PubMed

Babini, Valeria P

2002-01-01

This article offers a contribution to the thesis that considers H. Taine and Th. Ribot the theorists of the "pathological method" in psychology, and thus the forefathers of French experimental psychology. At the same time it points out that the idea of equivalence between observation of the pathological and experimentation could already be found in th psychological medicine of the 1840s. The author examines the early years of the Annals médico-psychologiques (1843-1844), the constitution of the Société médico-psychologique (1852), and the work of J. Moreau de Tours (1843) on hashish and mental alienation, with the intention of demonstrating that in the 1850s French psychiatry was actively engaged in the debate on the Science des rapports du physique et du moral, and that consequently the organicistic paradigm, proclaimed in those years in Germany, had not yet spread to France.

Enhancing appearance and sports performance: are female collegiate athletes behaving more like males?

PubMed

Muller, Susan M; Gorrow, Teena R; Schneider, Sidney R

2009-01-01

The authors designed this study to determine if differences exist between male and female collegiate athletes' supplement use and behaviors to modify body appearance. Collegiate athletes who participated in this study were 241 females and 210 males, aged 17 to 28 years. Participants completed a questionnaire about the average number of times each week they performed specific supplementing, exercise, or dietary behaviors. The authors found differences associated with gender for 9 of the 18 behaviors. Specifically, 2 of these 9 behaviors were dietary, 1 was supplementary, 3 were physique concerns, and 3 involved personal motivation for weightlifting. Male athletes reported a higher drive for size, speed, and power, whereas female athletes were more concerned with body fat, more likely to restrict caloric intake, and more prone to consume weight loss supplements. No differences were found by gender regarding supplement use to increase body size.

The relationship of physique and body composition to strength in a group of physical education students.

PubMed Central

Bale, P.

1980-01-01

Fifty-three specialist women physical education students were measured anthropometrically and from these measurements somatotype and body composition were estimated. Leg, back and grip strength dynamometers were used to measure strength indices. Arm strength was calculated from each subject's pull-ups and push-ups and lung capacity was measured using a spirometer. The somatotype ratings and percent fat measurements indicate that the P.E. students are generally more muscular and less fat for their age than non-P.E. students. There was a strong relationship between percent fat and the endomorphy rating and a moderate relationship between lean body weight and mesomorphy. The moderate relationship of the strength variables with the muscular rating, whether expressed as mesomorphy or lean body weight, suggests that the higher a subject's muscular component the greater their dynamic strength. Images p193-a PMID:7448485

The early eugenics movement and emerging professional psychiatry: conceptual transfers and personal relationships between Germany and North America, 1880s to 1930s.

PubMed

Stahnisch, Frank W

2014-01-01

French-Austrian psychiatrist Bénédict Augustin Morel's (1809-1873) Traits des dégénérescences physiques, intellectuelles et morales de l'espèce humaine (1857) was fully dedicated to the social problem of "degeneration" and it became very attractive to German-speaking psychiatrists during the latter half of the 19th century. Auguste Forel (1848-1931) and Constantin von Monakow (1853-1930) in Zurich integrated Morel's approach and searched for the somatic and morphological alterations in the human brain; a perspective of research that Ernst Ruedin (1874-1952) at Munich further prolonged into a thorough analysis of hereditary influences on mental health. This paper investigates the continuities and major differences within some early eugenic traditions of the emerging field of psychiatry in the German-speaking countries and North America.

Analyse d'un programme d'electromecanique en ses concepts et principes physiques: Methode et application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gagnon, Richard; Besançon, Jacques; Jean, Pascale

1989-09-01

In many Western countries there is growing interest in the usefulness of scientific knowledge in vocational and technical training. Moreover, there is an increasing tendency in these countries to formulate objectives within teaching programmes, in order to come closer to the real tasks of the world of work. To determine what knowledge is required, a general method of analysing objective-based vocational training programmes was developed. This allows the identification of the minimum scientific and mathematical concepts and principles which are necessary to reach the learning objectives, and the establishment of their relative significance and the requisite level of detail. It has been used to determine the essential physical concepts of the industrial mechanics section (625 hours) of a programme on the electromechanics of automated systems. The results reveal the existence of 41 concepts needed for a total of 2,452.5 hours. A limited group of these is of particular importance.

[A complexity analysis of Chinese herbal property theory: the multiple expressions of herbal property].

PubMed

Jin, Rui; Zhang, Bing

2012-12-01

Chinese herbal property is the highly summarized concept of herbal nature and pharmaceutical effect, which reflect the characteristics of herbal actions on human body. These herbal actions, also interpreted as presenting the information about pharmaceutical effect contained in herbal property on the biological carrier, are defined as herbal property expressions. However, the biological expression of herbal property is believed to possess complex features for the involved complexity of Chinese medicine and organism. Firstly, there are multiple factors which could influence the expression results of herbal property such as the growth environment, harvest season and preparing methods of medicinal herbs, and physique and syndrome of body. Secondly, there are multiple biological approaches and biochemical indicators for the expression of the same property. This paper elaborated these complexities for further understanding of herbal property. The individuality of herbs and expression factors should be well analyzed in the related studies.

An off-line method to characterize the fission product release from uranium carbide-target prototypes developed for SPIRAL2 project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hy, B.; Barré-Boscher, N.; Özgümüs, A.; Roussière, B.; Tusseau-Nenez, S.; Lau, C.; Cheikh Mhamed, M.; Raynaud, M.; Said, A.; Kolos, K.; Cottereau, E.; Essabaa, S.; Tougait, O.; Pasturel, M.

2012-10-01

In the context of radioactive ion beams, fission targets, often based on uranium compounds, have been used for more than 50 years at isotope separator on line facilities. The development of several projects of second generation facilities aiming at intensities two or three orders of magnitude higher than today puts an emphasis on the properties of the uranium fission targets. A study, driven by Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), has been started within the SPIRAL2 project to try and fully understand the behavior of these targets. In this paper, we have focused on five uranium carbide based targets. We present an off-line method to characterize their fission product release and the results are examined in conjunction with physical characteristics of each material such as the microstructure, the porosity and the chemical composition.

Nuclear recoil measurements with the ARIS experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Alden; ARIS Collaboration

2017-01-01

As direct dark matter searches become increasingly sensitive, it is important to fully characterize the target of the search. The goal of the Argon Recoil Ionization and Scintillation (ARIS) experiment is to quantify information related to the scintillation and ionization energy scale, quenching factor, ion recombination probability, and scintillation time response of nuclear recoils, as expected from WIMPs, in liquid argon. A time projection chamber with an active mass of 0.5 kg of liquid argon and capable of full 3D position reconstruction was exposed to an inverse kinematic neutron beam at the Institut de Physique Nucleaire d'Orsay in France. A scan of nuclear recoil energies was performed through coincidence with a set of neutron detectors to quantify properties of nuclear recoils in liquid argon at various electric fields. The difference in ionization and scintillation response with differing recoil track angle to the electric field was also studied. The preliminary results of the experiment will be presented.

Plant-based Rasayana drugs from Ayurveda.

PubMed

Balasubramani, Subramani Paranthaman; Venkatasubramanian, Padma; Kukkupuni, Subrahmanya Kumar; Patwardhan, Bhushan

2011-02-01

Rasayana tantra is one of the eight specialties of Ayurveda. It is a specialized practice in the form of rejuvenative recipes, dietary regimen, special health promoting behaviour and drugs. Properly administered Rasayana can bestow the human being with several benefits like longevity, memory, intelligence, freedom from diseases, youthful age, excellence of luster, complexion and voice, optimum strength of physique and sense organs, respectability and brilliance. Various types of plant based Rasayana recipes are mentioned in Ayurveda. Review of the current literature available on Rasayanas indicates that anti-oxidant and immunomodulation are the most studied activities of the Rasayana drugs. Querying in Pubmed database on Rasayanas reveals that single plants as well as poly herbal formulations have been researched on. This article reviews the basics of Rasayana therapy and the published research on different Rasayana drugs for specific health conditions. It also provides the possible directions for future research.

Les Sciences Physiques À L'école Maternelle: Un Cadre Sociocognitif Pour La Construction Des Connaissances ET/OU LE Développement Des Activités Didactiques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ravanis, Konstantinos

2005-05-01

NATURAL SCIENCES IN KINDERGARTEN: A SOCIO-COGNITIVE FRAMEWORK FOR LEARNING AND TEACHING - The present study presents a socio-cognitive framework for the construction of the scientific knowledge of natural phenomena among pre-school children and for the development of science activities at kindergarten. It involves elements from theories of social interaction; social psychology of development and cognitive functioning; and research in natural-science teaching methods which acknowledge the importance and fundamental role of social interaction in the development of cognitive operations and learning. The study also presents some of the more significant results of the research carried out on different aspects of this topic. The discussion unfolded here supports the hypothesis that the construction of natural-scientific knowledge at the pre-school age and corresponding scholastic activities are necessary and effective.

Effects of treating gender dysphoria and anorexia nervosa in a transgender adolescent: Lessons learned.

PubMed

Strandjord, Sarah E; Ng, Henry; Rome, Ellen S

2015-11-01

Patients with gender dysphoria and patients with eating disorders often experience discontent with their bodies. Several reports have recognized the co-occurrence of these two conditions, typically in adults who identify as transgender females and desire a more feminine physique. This case report, in contrast, describes a 16-year-old patient with a female sex assigned at birth who first presented with features consistent with anorexia nervosa and later revealed underlying gender dysphoria with a drive for a less feminine body shape. We discuss both the path to recognizing gender dysphoria in this patient as well as the impact of treatment on his eating disorder and overall well-being. This case is one of only a few reports describing a female-to-male transgender patient with an eating disorder and is the first to explore the effects of hormone and surgical intervention in an adolescent patient. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Studying fundamental physics using quantum enabled technologies with trapped molecular ions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Segal, D. M.; Lorent, V.; Dubessy, R.; Darquié, B.

2018-03-01

The text below was written during two visits that Daniel Segal made at Université Paris 13. Danny stayed at Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers the summers of 2008 and 2009 to participate in the exploration of a novel lead in the field of ultra-high resolution spectroscopy. Our idea was to probe trapped molecular ions using Quantum Logic Spectroscopy (QLS) in order to advance our understanding of a variety of fundamental processes in nature. At that time, QLS, a ground-breaking spectroscopic technique, had only been demonstrated with atomic ions. Our ultimate goals were new approaches to the observation of parity violation in chiral molecules and tests of time variations of the fundamental constants. This text is the original research proposal written eight years ago. We have added a series of notes to revisit it in the light of what has been since realized in the field.

"Your body is your business card": Bodily capital and health authority in the fitness industry.

PubMed

Hutson, David J

2013-08-01

Although scholars have noted the connection between appearance and assumptions of health, the degree to which these assumptions matter for establishing authority in social interaction remains less clear. Using a theoretical framework involving "bodily capital"--that is, the value generated from appearance, attractiveness, and physical ability--I investigate the role of appearance in the U.S. fitness industry. Drawing on data from interviews with 26 personal trainers and 25 clients between 2010 and 2011, I find that a trainer's fit-appearing physique imbues their interactions with a degree of moral and health authority. This corporeal credibility engenders trust among clients and allows exercise to be understood as a form of health work. The implications for academics and medical practitioners reach beyond the gym setting and extend recent research linking appearance to health, authority, and medical credibility. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Carbon-Hydrogen Activation in Zerovalent Bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) Complexes of the First Row Transition Metals: A Theoretical Study.

PubMed

Hu, Jia; Feng, Hao; Xie, Yaoming; King, R Bruce; Schaefer, Henry F

2018-03-29

Stepwise interaction of first row transition metal atoms with 1,5-cyclooctadiene to give (C 8 H 12 ) 2 M complexes is studied using the M06-L/DZP density functional method. The experimentally known (C 8 H 12 ) 2 Ni is the thermodynamically most favorable complex, with a predicted geometry consistent with its experimental structure as determined by X-ray crystallography. The other transition metal atoms from scandium to zinc also interact exothermically with 1,5-cyclooctadiene to give (C 8 H 12 ) 2 M derivatives, but these exhibit lower symmetry than the S 4 symmetry exhibited by (C 8 H 12 ) 2 Ni. Carbon-hydrogen activation of CH 2 groups in a C 8 H 12 ligand is predicted for most systems. Thus, conversion of (η 2,2 -C 8 H 12 ) 2 M to (η 3,2 -C 8 H 11 )(η 2,1 -C 8 H 13 )M, through a hydride intermediate (η 3,2 -C 8 H 11 )(η 2,2 -C 8 H 12 )MH, is predicted for scandium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, and cobalt. For titanium with a low-lying empty orbital, further C-H activation through a hydride intermediate (η 6 -C 8 H 10 )(η 2,1 -C 8 H 13 )TiH is predicted, leading ultimately to (η 6 -C 8 H 10 )(η 1,1 -C 8 H 14 )Ti, in which the hexahapto η 6 -C 8 H 10 ligand is shown by NICS to be aromatic. These two C-H activation processes on a titanium center represent the dehydrogenation of 1,5-cyclooctadiene to 1,3,5-cyclooctatriene with the second 1,5-cyclooctadiene ligand as the hydrogen acceptor. For zinc C-H activation terminates at (η 1 -C 8 H 11 )(C 8 H 12 )ZnH, which has a C-Zn-H three-center bond. No energetically favorable C-H activation processes are predicted for the iron, nickel, and copper (η 2,2 -C 8 H 12 ) 2 M derivatives.

Cytochrome P450 2C8 pharmacogenetics: a review of clinical studies

PubMed Central

Daily, Elizabeth B; Aquilante, Christina L

2009-01-01

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8 is responsible for the oxidative metabolism of many clinically available drugs from a diverse number of drug classes (e.g., thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, NSAIDs, antimalarials and chemotherapeutic taxanes). The CYP2C8 enzyme is encoded by the CYP2C8 gene, and several common nonsynonymous polymorphisms (e.g., CYP2C8*2 and CYP2C8*3) exist in this gene. The CYP2C8*2 and *3 alleles have been associated in vitro with decreased metabolism of paclitaxel and arachidonic acid. Recently, the influence of CYP2C8 polymorphisms on substrate disposition in humans has been investigated in a number of clinical pharmacogenetic studies. Contrary to in vitro data, clinical data suggest that the CYP2C8*3 allele is associated with increased metabolism of the CYP2C8 substrates, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone and repaglinide. However, the CYP2C8*3 allele has not been associated with paclitaxel pharmacokinetics in most clinical studies. Furthermore, clinical data regarding the impact of the CYP2C8*3 allele on the disposition of NSAIDs are conflicting and no definitive conclusions can be made at this time. The purpose of this review is to highlight these clinical studies that have investigated the association between CYP2C8 polymorphisms and CYP2C8 substrate pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics in humans. In this review, CYP2C8 clinical pharmacogenetic data are provided by drug class, followed by a discussion of the future of CYP2C8 clinical pharmacogenetic research. PMID:19761371

75 FR 807 - Pesticide Tolerance Crop Grouping Program II; Revision to General Tolerance Regulations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-06

...) Pepper, nonbell, Capsicum Chinese Jacq., C. annuum L. var. annuum , C. frutescens L., C. baccatum L., C... muricatum Aiton 8-09B, 8-09C Pepper, bell, Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum, 8-09B Capsicum spp Pepper, nonbell, Capsicum chinese Jacq., C. 8-09B, 8-08C annuum L. var. annuum, C. frutescens L., C. baccatum L...

X-ray structural investigation of nonsymmetrically and symmetrically alkylated [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene derivatives in bulk and thin films.

PubMed

Gbabode, Gabin; Dohr, Michael; Niebel, Claude; Balandier, Jean-Yves; Ruzié, Christian; Négrier, Philippe; Mondieig, Denise; Geerts, Yves H; Resel, Roland; Sferrazza, Michele

2014-08-27

A detailed structural study of the bulk and thin film phases observed for two potential high-performance organic semiconductors has been carried out. The molecules are based on [1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (BTBT) as conjugated core and octyl side groups, which are anchored either symmetrically at both sides of the BTBT core (C8-BTBT-C8) or nonsymmetrically at one side only (C8-BTBT). Thin films of different thickness (8-85 nm) have been prepared by spin-coating for both systems and analyzed by combining specular and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. In the case of C8-BTBT-C8, the known crystal structure obtained from single-crystal investigations is observed within all thin films, down to a film thickness of 9 nm. In the case of C8-BTBT, the crystal structure of the bulk phase has been determined from X-ray powder diffraction data with a consistent matching of experimental and calculated X-ray diffraction patterns (Rwp = 5.8%). The packing arrangement of C8-BTBT is similar to that of C8-BTBT-C8, that is, consisting of a lamellar structure with molecules arranged in a "herringbone" fashion, yet with lamellae composed of two head-to-head (or tail-to-tail as the structure is periodic) superimposed molecules instead of only one molecule for C8-BTBT-C8. As for C8-BTBT-C8, we demonstrate that the same phase is observed in bulk and thin films for C8-BTBT whatever the film thickness investigated.

The Lagrange-Galerkin Method for the Two-dimensional Shallow Water Equations on Adaptive Grids

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-07-01

Dtu (xn+1/2) which requires the following extrapolation of the velocity field un+1/2...8u 86 Ç Ã Ã Ã É n+1 dVn+1= & Vn c Æ Ã Ã Ã È 8 8u 86 Ç Ã Ã Ã É n dVn + Dtu & Vn+1 c Æ Ã Ã Ã È 0 −8((8/(x)+ f86 −8((8/(y)− f8u Ç Ã Ã Ã É n+1 dVn+1 +Dt(1...momentum equations are & Vn+1 c(8u) dVn+1− Dtu & Vn+1 c( f86) dVn+1 = & Vn c(8u) dVn+Dt(1−u) & Vn c −8 (8 (x + f86 dVn+ Dtu & Vn+1 c −8 (8 (x

Les inconvénients de perdre du poids

PubMed Central

Bosomworth, N. John

2012-01-01

Résumé Objectif Explorer les raisons pour lesquelles la perte de poids à long terme échoue la plupart du temps et évaluer les conséquences de diverses trajectoires pondérales, y compris la stabilité, la perte et le gain. Source des données Les études qui évaluent les paramètres pondéraux dans la population sont en majorité observationnelles. Des données probantes de niveau I ont été publiées pour évaluer l’influence des interventions relatives au poids sur la mortalité et la qualité de vie. Message principal Seulement un petit pourcentage des personnes qui désirent perdre du poids réussissent à le faire de manière durable. La mortalité est la plus faible chez les personnes se situant dans la catégorie de poids élevé-normal et surpoids. La trajectoire pondérale la plus sécuritaire est la stabilité du poids avec une optimisation de la condition physique et métabolique. Il est démontré que la mortalité est plus faible chez les personnes ayant des comorbidités reliées à l’obésité si elles perdent du poids. Il est aussi établi que la qualité de vie sur le plan de la santé est meilleure chez les personnes obèses qui perdent du poids. Par contre, la perte de poids chez une personne obèse autrement en santé est associée à une mortalité accrue. Conclusion La perte de poids est recommandable seulement chez les personnes qui ont des comorbidités reliées à l’obésité. Les personnes obèses en santé qui veulent perdre du poids devraient être informées qu’il peut y avoir des risques à le faire. Une stratégie qui se traduit par un indice de masse corporelle stable avec une condition physique et métabolique optimisée, peu importe le poids, est l’option d’intervention la plus sécuritaire en ce qui concerne le poids.

Les perceptions des femmes tunisiennes selon le modèle des croyances liées à la santé et leurs pratiques relativement à l'ostéoporose

PubMed Central

Belgacem, Amina; Nouira, Amel; Soussi, Sonia

2016-01-01

Introduction L'étude a pour objectif de décrire les croyances des femmes et leurs pratiques liées à la santé et à l'ostéoporose, afin d'élaborer des interventions efficaces et ciblées pour la prévention de cette maladie dans le contexte tunisien. Méthodes Une étude descriptive transversale a été effectuée auprès de 100 femmes tunisiennes, âgées de 45 ans et plus, qui consultent au centre de santé de base d'une zone périurbaine de la région de Sousse (Tunisie). La collecte de l'information a été réalisée à l'aide de « l'échelle des croyances relatives à la santé sur l'ostéoporose» développée par Kim et ses collègues traduit en arabe et validé en Tunisie et le questionnaire de «Calcul des apports calciques quotidiens» développé par Fardellone Patrice. L'interprétation des résultants s'est basée sur le «Health Belief Model ». Résultats La perception des participantes pourrait être considérée comme au dessus de la moyenne pour la vulnérabilité de l'ostéoporose (58%), la gravité de la maladie, les avantages de la pratique de l'activité physique, les avantages de l'apport en calcium et la motivation à la santé; par contre, elle pourrait être considérée comme modérée concernant les obstacles à la prévention. Cependant, les pratiques exposant au risque de la maladie sont relativement fréquentes et ceci essentiellement en rapport avec des facteurs socio-économiques et culturels. Conclusion Les programmes de promotion doivent viser la création d'un environnement physique et social favorable à l'adoption des comportements à moindre risque et viser l'éducation ciblée de la population. PMID:27217868

Genetic basis of human complement C8[beta] deficiency

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaufmann, T.; Rittner, C.; Schneider, P.M.

1993-06-01

The eighth component of human complement (c8) is a serum protein consisting of three chains ([alpha], [beta], and [gamma]) and encoded by three different genes, C8A, C8B, and C8G. C8A and C8B are closely linked on chromosome 1p, whereas C8G is located on chromosome 9q. In the serum the [beta] subunit is non-covalently bound to the disulfide-linked [alpha]-[gamma] subunit. Patients with C8[beta] deficiency suffer from recurrent neisserial infections such as meningitis. Exon-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with primer pairs from the flanking intron sequences was used to amplify all 12 C8B exons separately. No difference regarding the exon sizesmore » was observed in a C8[beta]-deficient patient compared with a normal person. Therefore, direct sequence analysis of all exon-specific PCR products from normal and C8[beta]-deficient individuals was carried out. As a cause for C8[beta] deficiency, we found a single C-T exchange in exon 9 leading to a stop codon. An allele-specific PCR system was designed to detect the normal and the deficiency allele simultaneously. Using this approach as well as PCR typing of the Taql polymorphism located in intron 11, five families with 7 C8[beta]-deficient members were investigated. The mutation was not found to be restricted to one of the two Taql RFLP alleles. The mutant allele was observed in all families investigated and can therefore be regarded as a major cause of C8[beta] deficiency in the Caucasian population. In addition, two C8[beta]-deficient patients were found to be heterozygous for the C-T exchange. The molecular basis of the alleles without this point mutation also causing deficiency has not yet been defined. 23 refs., 4 figs., 3 tabs.« less

The effect of the cytochrome P450 CYP2C8 polymorphism on the disposition of (R)-ibuprofen enantiomer in healthy subjects

PubMed Central

Martínez, Carmen; García-Martín, Elena; Blanco, Gerardo; Gamito, Francisco J G; Ladero, José M; Agúndez, José A G

2005-01-01

Aims To study the effect of CYP2C8*3, the most common CYP2C8 variant allele on the dis-position of (R)-ibuprofen and the association of CYP2C8*3 with variant CYP2C9 alleles. Methods Three hundred and fifty-five randomly selected Spanish Caucasians were screened for the common CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 mutations. The pharmacokinetics of (R)-ibuprofen were studied in 25 individuals grouped into different CYP2C8 genotypes. Results The allele frequency of CYP2C8*3 (0.17) was found to be higher than that reported for other Caucasian populations (P = 0.0001). The frequencies of CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 were 0.19 (0.16–0.21) and 0.10 (0.08–0.12), respectively. An association between CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C9*2 alleles was observed, occurring together at a frequency 2.4-fold higher than expected for a random association of alleles (P = 0.0001). The presence of the CYP2C8*3 allele was found to influence the pharmacokinetics of (R)-ibuprofen in a gene–dose effect manner. Thus, after administration of 400 mg ibuprofen, the plasma half-life (95% confidence intervals) for individuals with genotypes CYP2C8*1/*1, CYP2C8*1/*3 and CYP2C8*3/*3, was 2.0 h (1.8–2.2), 4.2 h (1.9–6.5; P < 0.05) and 9.0 h (7.8–10.2; P < 0.002), respectively. A statistically significant trend with respect to the number of variant CYP2C8*3 alleles was also observed for the area under the concentration-time curve (P < 0.025), and drug clearance (P < 0.03). Conclusion Polymorphism of the CYP2C8 gene was found to be common, with nearly 30% of the population studied carrying the variant CYP2C8*3 allele. The presence of the latter caused a significant effect on the disposition of (R)-ibuprofen. This suggests that a substantial proportion of Caucasian subjects may show alterations in the disposition of drugs that are CYP2C8 substrates. PMID:15606441

Impact of CYP2C8*3 polymorphism on in vitro metabolism of imatinib to N-desmethyl imatinib.

PubMed

Khan, Muhammad Suleman; Barratt, Daniel T; Somogyi, Andrew A

2016-01-01

1. Imatinib is metabolized to N-desmethyl imatinib by CYPs 3A4 and 2C8. The effect of CYP2C8*3 genotype on N-desmethyl imatinib formation was unknown. 2. We examined imatinib N-demethylation in human liver microsomes (HLMs) genotyped for CYP2C8*3, in CYP2C8*3/*3 pooled HLMs and in recombinant CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 enzymes. Effects of CYP-selective inhibitors on N-demethylation were also determined. 3. A single-enzyme Michaelis-Menten model with autoinhibition best fitted CYP2C8*1/*1 HLM (n = 5) and recombinant CYP2C8 kinetic data (median ± SD Ki = 139 ± 61 µM and 149 µM, respectively). Recombinant CYP3A4 showed two-site enzyme kinetics with no autoinhibition. Three of four CYP2C8*1/*3 HLMs showed single-enzyme kinetics with no autoinhibition. Binding affinity was higher in CYP2C8*1/*3 than CYP2C8*1/*1 HLM (median ± SD Km = 6 ± 2 versus 11 ± 2 µM, P=0.04). CYP2C8*3/*3 (pooled HLM) also showed high binding affinity (Km = 4 µM) and single-enzyme weak autoinhibition (Ki = 449 µM) kinetics. CYP2C8 inhibitors reduced HLM N-demethylation by 47-75%, compared to 0-30% for CYP3A4 inhibitors. 4. In conclusion, CYP2C8*3 is a gain-of-function polymorphism for imatinib N-demethylation, which appears to be mainly mediated by CYP2C8 and not CYP3A4 in vitro in HLM.

7Li(15N, 14C)8Be reaction at 81 MeV and 14C + 8Be interaction versus that of 13C + 8Be

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rudchik, A. T.; Rudchik, A. A.; Muravynets, L. M.; Kemper, K. W.; Rusek, K.; Koshchy, E. I.; Piasecki, E.; Trzcinska, A.; Pirnak, Val. M.; Ponkratenko, O. A.; Strojek, I.; Stolarz, A.; Plujko, V. A.; Sakuta, S. B.; Siudak, R.; Ilyin, A. P.; Stepanenko, Yu. M.; Shyrma, Yu. O.; Uleshchenko, V. V.

2018-03-01

Angular distributions of the 7Li(15N, 14C)8Be reaction were measured at the energy Elab(15N) = 81 MeV. Data for transfer to the ground and first two excited states in 8Be were acquired as well as to the 14C ground and excited states. The reaction data were analyzed within the coupled-reaction-channels (CRC) method. The required 15N + 7Li entrance channel potential was taken from the 15N + 7Li elastic scattering. The 14C + 8Be potential was found by fitting Woods-Saxon form potentials to those generated by double folded real and imaginary potentials in the region of interaction. These generated potentials were then used in the CRC calculations. Proton transfer dominants this reaction, including to the excited states of 8Be. The reaction dependence on the exit channel potential was examined by using the 13C + 8Be potential previously deduced from the 9Be(12C, 13C)8Be reaction and 14C + 8Be from the 13C(9Be, 8Be)14C reaction.

Molecular characterization of the alpha subunit of complement component C8 (GcC8α) in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum)

PubMed Central

Aybar, Lydia; Shin, Dong-Ho; Smith, Sylvia L.

2009-01-01

Target cell lysis by complement is achieved by the assembly and insertion of the membrane attack complex (MAC) composed of glycoproteins C5b through C9. The lytic activity of shark complement involves functional analogues of mammalian C8 and C9. Mammalian C8 is composed of α, β, and γ subunits. The subunit structure of shark C8 is not known. This report describes a 2341 nucleotide sequence that translates into a polypeptide of 589 amino acid residues, orthologue to mammalian C8α and has the same modular architecture with conserved cysteines forming the peptide bond backbone. The C8γ-binding cysteine is conserved in the perforin-like domain. Hydrophobicity profile indicates the presence of hydrophobic residues essential for membrane insertion. It shares 41.1% and 47.4 % identity with human and Xenopus C8α respectively. Southern blot analysis showed GcC8α exists as a single copy gene expressed in most tissues except the spleen with the liver being the main site of synthesis. Phylogenetic analysis places it in a clade with C8α orthologs and as a sister taxa to the Xenopus. PMID:19524681

Morphological and physiological studies on Indian national kabaddi players.

PubMed Central

Dey, S K; Khanna, G L; Batra, M

1993-01-01

Twenty-five national kabaddi players (Asiad gold medalists 1990), mean age 27.91 years, who attended a national camp at the Sports Authority of India, Bangalore before the Beijing Asian Games in 1990, were investigated for their physical characteristics, body fat, lean body mass (LBM) and somatotype. The physiological characteristics assessed included back strength, maximum oxygen uptake capacity and anaerobic capacity (oxygen debt) and related cardiorespiratory parameters (oxygen pulse, breathing equivalent, maximum pulmonary ventilation, maximum heart rate). Body fat was calculated from skinfold thicknesses taken at four different sites, using Harpenden skinfold calipers. An exercise test (graded protocol) was performed on a bicycle ergometer (ER-900) using a computerized EOS Sprint (Jaeger, West Germany). The mean(s.d.) percentage body fat (17.56(3.48)) of kabaddi players was found to be higher than normal sedentary people. Their physique was found to be endomorphic mesomorph (3.8-5.2-1.7). Mean(s.d.) back strength, maximum oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max) and oxygen debt were found to be 162.6(18.08) kg, 42.6(4.91) ml kg-1 min-1 and 5.02(1.29) litre respectively. Physical characteristics, percentage body fat, somatotype, maximum oxygen uptake capacity and anaerobic capacity (oxygen debt) and other cardiorespiratory parameters were compared with other national counterparts. Present data are comparable with data for judo, wrestling and weightlifting. Since no such study has been conducted on international counterparts, these data could not be compared. These data may act as a guideline in the selection of future kabaddi players and to attain the physiological status comparable to the present gold medalists. Images Figure 4 Figure 5 p242-a PMID:8130960

Sex- and age-related variations of the somatotype in a Chuvasha population.

PubMed

Kalichman, L; Kobyliansky, E

2006-01-01

The aim of this large, cross-sectional study was to describe the age- and sex-related variations of the somatotype, employing Heath and Carter's method, in a Chuvasha population residing in a rural region in central Russia. The investigated sample included 802 males aged 18-89 years (mean 46.9) and 738 females aged 18-90 years (mean 48.6). We evaluated the age and sex differences by one-way ANOVA with somatotype components as dependent variables and sex or age groups as grouping variables. Sex differences of somatotypes appear to be the strongest for endomorphy, with generally higher values in women. Endomorphy in males remained virtually unchanged after 30 years of age, but endomorphy in females kept increasing up to the 6th decade, and then subsequently decreased. Virtually no differences were noted in mesomorphy and a very small difference in ectomorphy between males and females aged 18-30 years. A reduction of sexual dimorphism in all somatotype components after age 70 was also observed. The largest difference of all somatotype components appeared between age groups 18-30 and 31-40 years. Thereafter, somatotypes remained practically unchanged. Mesomorphy continued to increase until the 5th decade in both sexes, while in females, endomorphy continuously increased until their 6th decade. In the 7th and 8th decades, a decrease in mean values was observed. Mesomorphy and ectomorphy showed opposite age-related trends. Results of our study clearly suggest that in physique investigations, the somatotypes need to be studied in each sex separately, and in studies of young people, they need also to be adjusted to age.

Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition Assessed Using DXA and Surface Anthropometry Show Good Agreement in Elite Rugby Union Athletes.

PubMed

Zemski, Adam J; Keating, Shelley E; Broad, Elizabeth M; Slater, Gary J

2018-05-14

Rugby union athletes have divergent body composition based on the demands of their on-field playing position and ethnicity. With an established association between physique traits and positional requirements, body composition assessment is routinely undertaken. Surface anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are the most common assessment techniques utilised, often undertaken synchronously. This study aims to investigate the association between DXA and surface anthropometry when assessing longitudinal changes in fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in rugby union athletes. Thirty-nine elite male rugby union athletes (age 25.7 ± 3.1 years; stature 187.6 ± 7.7 cm; mass 104.1 ± 12.2 kg) underwent assessment via DXA and surface anthropometry multiple times over three consecutive international seasons. Changes in the lean mass index (LMI), an empirical measure to assess proportional variation in FFM, showed large agreement with changes in DXA FFM (r=0.54, SEE=1.5%, P<0.001); the strength of association stronger amongst forwards (r=0.63) compared with backs (r=0.38). Changes in the sum of 7 skinfolds (S7SF) showed very large agreement with changes in DXA FM (r=0.73, SEE=5.8%, P<0.001), with meaningful differences observed regardless of ethnicity (Caucasians r=0.75; Polynesians r=0.62). The LMI and S7SF were able to predict the direction of change in FFM and FM, respectively, 86% and 91% of the time when DXA change was >1kg. Surface anthropometry measures provide a robust indication of the direction of change in FFM and FM, although caution may need to be applied when interpreting magnitude of change, particularly with FM.

Impact of the CYP2C8 *3 polymorphism on the drug–drug interaction between gemfibrozil and pioglitazone

PubMed Central

Aquilante, Christina L; Kosmiski, Lisa A; Bourne, David W A; Bushman, Lane R; Daily, Elizabeth B; Hammond, Kyle P; Hopley, Charles W; Kadam, Rajendra S; Kanack, Alexander T; Kompella, Uday B; Le, Merry; Predhomme, Julie A; Rower, Joseph E; Sidhom, Maha S

2013-01-01

AIM The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which the CYP2C8*3 allele influences pharmacokinetic variability in the drug–drug interaction between gemfibrozil (CYP2C8 inhibitor) and pioglitazone (CYP2C8 substrate). METHODS In this randomized, two phase crossover study, 30 healthy Caucasian subjects were enrolled based on CYP2C8*3 genotype (n = 15, CYP2C8*1/*1; n = 15, CYP2C8*3 carriers). Subjects received a single 15 mg dose of pioglitazone or gemfibrozil 600 mg every 12 h for 4 days with a single 15 mg dose of pioglitazone administered on the morning of day 3. A 48 h pharmacokinetic study followed each pioglitazone dose and the study phases were separated by a 14 day washout period. RESULTS Gemfibrozil significantly increased mean pioglitazone AUC(0,∞) by 4.3-fold (P < 0.001) and there was interindividual variability in the magnitude of this interaction (range, 1.8- to 12.1-fold). When pioglitazone was administered alone, the mean AUC(0,∞) was 29.7% lower (P= 0.01) in CYP2C8*3 carriers compared with CYP2C8*1 homozygotes. The relative change in pioglitazone plasma exposure following gemfibrozil administration was significantly influenced by CYP2C8 genotype. Specifically, CYP2C8*3 carriers had a 5.2-fold mean increase in pioglitazone AUC(0,∞) compared with a 3.3-fold mean increase in CYP2C8*1 homozygotes (P= 0.02). CONCLUSION CYP2C8*3 is associated with decreased pioglitazone plasma exposure in vivo and significantly influences the pharmacokinetic magnitude of the gemfibrozil–pioglitazone drug-drug interaction. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C8 genetics on the pharmacokinetics of other CYP2C8-mediated drug–drug interactions. PMID:22625877

Impact of the CYP2C8 *3 polymorphism on the drug-drug interaction between gemfibrozil and pioglitazone.

PubMed

Aquilante, Christina L; Kosmiski, Lisa A; Bourne, David W A; Bushman, Lane R; Daily, Elizabeth B; Hammond, Kyle P; Hopley, Charles W; Kadam, Rajendra S; Kanack, Alexander T; Kompella, Uday B; Le, Merry; Predhomme, Julie A; Rower, Joseph E; Sidhom, Maha S

2013-01-01

The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which the CYP2C8*3 allele influences pharmacokinetic variability in the drug-drug interaction between gemfibrozil (CYP2C8 inhibitor) and pioglitazone (CYP2C8 substrate). In this randomized, two phase crossover study, 30 healthy Caucasian subjects were enrolled based on CYP2C8*3 genotype (n = 15, CYP2C8*1/*1; n = 15, CYP2C8*3 carriers). Subjects received a single 15 mg dose of pioglitazone or gemfibrozil 600 mg every 12 h for 4 days with a single 15 mg dose of pioglitazone administered on the morning of day 3. A 48 h pharmacokinetic study followed each pioglitazone dose and the study phases were separated by a 14 day washout period. Gemfibrozil significantly increased mean pioglitazone AUC(0,∞) by 4.3-fold (P < 0.001) and there was interindividual variability in the magnitude of this interaction (range, 1.8- to 12.1-fold). When pioglitazone was administered alone, the mean AUC(0,∞) was 29.7% lower (P = 0.01) in CYP2C8*3 carriers compared with CYP2C8*1 homozygotes. The relative change in pioglitazone plasma exposure following gemfibrozil administration was significantly influenced by CYP2C8 genotype. Specifically, CYP2C8*3 carriers had a 5.2-fold mean increase in pioglitazone AUC(0,∞) compared with a 3.3-fold mean increase in CYP2C8*1 homozygotes (P = 0.02). CYP2C8*3 is associated with decreased pioglitazone plasma exposure in vivo and significantly influences the pharmacokinetic magnitude of the gemfibrozil-pioglitazone drug-drug interaction. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the impact of CYP2C8 genetics on the pharmacokinetics of other CYP2C8-mediated drug-drug interactions. © 2012 The Authors. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology © 2012 The British Pharmacological Society.

Electron induced ionization of plasma processing gases: C4F x (x  =  1–8) and the isomers of C4F6 and C4F8

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Dhanoj; Choi, Heechol; Kwon, Deuk-Chul; Yoon, Jung-Sik; Song, Mi-Young

2018-04-01

The total ionization cross section (Q ion) for C4F x (x  =  1–8) fluorocarbons and the isomers of C4F6 and C4F8 molecules are calculated from ionization threshold to 5 keV using the binary-encounter bethe method. The targets are fully optimized using the Hartree–Fock (HF) method and density function theory (DFT) for their minimum energy structure and orbital parameters. The present Q ion with HF parameters showed good agreement with the experimental data for 1,3-C4F6, 2-C4F6, 2-C4F8 and 1-C4F8. On the other hand, the Q ion with DFT parameters are in good accordance with the recent theoretical results for 1,3-C4F6 and 2-C4F6. The Q ion for c-C4F8 showed much variation among the various results. The isomer effect in Q ion is negligible for the isomers of C4F6 and C4F8 molecules. The calculation of Q ion for C4F, C4F2, C4F3, C4F4, C4F5, c-C4F6, C4F7 and iso-C4F8 is a maiden attempt. The present cross section data are important quantities for low temperature plasma modeling especially related to the fluorocarbon plasmas.

Crystal structure of human complement protein C8{gamma} at 1.2 {Angstrom} resolution reveals a lipocalin fold and a distinct ligand binding site.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ortlund, E.; Parker, C. L.; Schreck, A. F.

2002-01-01

C8gamma is a 22-kDa subunit of human C8, which is one of five components of the cytolytic membrane attack complex of complement (MAC). C8gamma is disulfide-linked to a C8alpha subunit that is noncovalently associated with a C8beta chain. In the present study, the three-dimensional structure of recombinant C8gamma was determined by X-ray diffraction to 1.2 A resolution. The structure displays a typical lipocalin fold forming a calyx with a distinct binding pocket that is indicative of a ligand-binding function for C8gamma. When compared to other lipocalins, the overall structure is most similar to neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), a proteinmore » released from granules of activated neutrophils. Notable differences include a much deeper binding pocket in C8gamma as well as variation in the identity and position of residues lining the pocket. In C8gamma, these residues allow ligand access to a large hydrophobic cavity at the base of the calyx, whereas corresponding residues in NGAL restrict access. This suggests the natural ligands for C8gamma and NGAL are significantly different in size. Cys40 in C8gamma, which forms the disulfide bond to C8alpha, is located in a partially disordered loop (loop 1, residues 38-52) near the opening of the calyx. Access to the calyx may be regulated by movement of this loop in response to conformational changes in C8alpha during MAC formation.« less

Heats of Formation for Cyclic C4Fn, n=4-8, and their Cations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bauschlicher, Charles W., Jr.; Ricca, Alessandra; Arnold, James (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Heats of formation for cyclic C4F8 and C4F8+ are determined at the G3MP2 level. The several decomposition pathways are investigated. The calculations confirm that C4F8+ rearranges and its decomposition is responsible for both the C2F4+ and C3F5+ species observed in experiment. The heats of formation are presented for C4Fn and C4Fn+, n = 4-8.

Publications - RI 98-12 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

content DGGS RI 98-12 Publication Details Title: Geology of the Sleetmute C-7, C-8, D-7, and D-8 ., Miller, M.L., Layer, P.W., and Laird, G.M., 1999, Geology of the Sleetmute C-7, C-8, D-7, and D-8 ; Other Oversized Sheets Sheet 1 Geologic map of the Sleetmute C-7, C-8, D-7 and D-8 quadrangles, Horn

Molecular characterization of the alpha subunit of complement component C8 (GcC8alpha) in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum).

PubMed

Aybar, Lydia; Shin, Dong-Ho; Smith, Sylvia L

2009-09-01

Target cell lysis by complement is achieved by the assembly and insertion of the membrane attack complex (MAC) composed of glycoproteins C5b through C9. The lytic activity of shark complement involves functional analogues of mammalian C8 and C9. Mammalian C8 is composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The subunit structure of shark C8 is not known. This report describes a 2341 nucleotide sequence that translates into a polypeptide of 589 amino acid residues, orthologue to mammalian C8alpha and has the same modular architecture with conserved cysteines forming the peptide bond backbone. The C8gamma-binding cysteine is conserved in the perforin-like domain. Hydrophobicity profile indicates the presence of hydrophobic residues essential for membrane insertion. It shares 41.1% and 47.4% identity with human and Xenopus C8alpha respectively. Southern blot analysis showed GcC8alpha exists as a single copy gene expressed in most tissues except the spleen with the liver being the main site of synthesis. Phylogenetic analysis places it in a clade with C8alpha orthologs and as a sister taxa to the Xenopus. 2009 Elsevier Ltd.

Effects of Bulky Substituents of Push-Pull Porphyrins on Photovoltaic Properties of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

PubMed

Higashino, Tomohiro; Kawamoto, Kyosuke; Sugiura, Kenichi; Fujimori, Yamato; Tsuji, Yukihiro; Kurotobi, Kei; Ito, Seigo; Imahori, Hiroshi

2016-06-22

To evaluate the effects of substituent bulkiness around a porphyrin core on the photovoltaic properties of porphyrin-sensitized solar cells, long alkoxy groups were introduced at the meso-phenyl group (ZnPBAT-o-C8) and the anchoring group (ZnPBAT-o-C8Cn, n = 4, 8) of an asymmetrically substituted push-pull porphyrin with double electron-donating diarylamino groups and a single electron-withdrawing carboxyphenylethynyl anchoring group. The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of ZnPBAT-o-C8 and ZnPBAT-o-C8Cn were found to be superior to those of a push-pull porphyrin reference (YD2-o-C8), demonstrating their excellent light-harvesting and redox properties for dye-sensitized solar cells. A power conversion efficiency (η) of the ZnPBAT-o-C8-sensitized solar cell (η = 9.1%) is higher than that of the YD2-o-C8-sensitized solar cell (η = 8.6%) using iodine-based electrolyte due to the enhanced light-harvesting ability of ZnPBAT-o-C8. In contrast, the solar cells based on ZnPBAT-o-C8Cn, possessing the additional alkoxy chains in the anchoring group, revealed the lower η values of 7.3% (n = 4) and 7.0% (n = 8). Although ZnPBAT-o-C8Cn exhibited higher resistance at the TiO2-dye-electrolyte interface by virtue of the extra alkoxy chains, the reduced amount of the porphyrins on TiO2 by excessive addition of coadsorbent chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) for mitigating the aggregation on TiO2 resulted in the low η values. Meanwhile, the ZnPBAT-o-C8-sensitized solar cell showed the lower η value of 8.1% than the YD2-o-C8-sensitized solar cell (η = 9.8%) using cobalt-based electrolyte. The smaller η value of the ZnPBAT-o-C8-sensitized solar cell may be attributed to the insufficient blocking effect of the bulky substituents of ZnPBAT-o-C8 under the cobalt-based electrolyte conditions. Overall, the alkoxy chain length and substitution position around the porphyrin core are important factors to affect the cell performance.

Publications - PDF 93-47 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

content DGGS PDF 93-47 Publication Details Title: Geologic map of the Sleetmute C-7, D-7, C-8, and D-8 ., Harris, E.E., Kline, J.T., and Miller, M.L., 1993, Geologic map of the Sleetmute C-7, D-7, C-8, and D-8 Sleetmute C-7, C-8, D-7 and D-8 quadrangles, Horn Mountain Area, southwest Alaska, scale 1:63,360 (34.0 M

12th Anglo-French Physical Acoustics Conference (AFPAC2013)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2014-04-01

The Anglo-French Physical Acoustics Conference (AFPAC) had its 12th annual meeting in Villa Clythia, Fréjus, France, from 16th to 18th January 2013. This series of meetings is a collaboration between the Physical Acoustics Group (PAG) of the Institute of Physics and the Groupe d'Acoustique Physique, Sous-marine et UltraSonore (GAPSUS) of the Société Française d'Acoustique. This year, attendees got the opportunity to see the French Riviera with its Mediterranean vegetation covered by a nice thick snow layer. The participants heard 34 excellent oral presentations and saw 3 posters covering an exciting and diverse range of subjects and of frequencies, from ultrasonic wave propagation in chocolate to metamaterials applied to seismic waves for protecting buildings. Among them, invited talks were given by Pr F A Duck ( Enhanced healing by ultrasound: clinical effects and mechanisms), Pr. J-C Valiére, who actually gave two invited talks ( 1. Measurement of audible acoustic particle velocity using laser: Principles, signal processing and applications, 2. Acoustic pots in ancient and medieval buildings: Literary analysis of ancient texts and comparison with recent observations in French churches), Dr P Huthwaite ( Ultrasonic imaging through the resolution of inverse problems), Dr X Lurton ( Underwater acoustic systems on oceanographic research vessels: principles and applications), Dr S Guenneau ( From platonics to seismic metamaterials). For the fifth consecutive year AFPAC is followed by the publication of its proceedings with 12 peer-reviewed papers which cover the most recent research developments in the field of Physical Acoustics in the UK and France. Alain Lhémery (CEA, France) and Nader Saffari (UCL, United Kingdom) French Riviera 12th AFPAC — Villa Clythia, Fréjus (French Riviera), the 17th of January 2013

Cloud chamber experiments on the origin of ice crystal complexity in cirrus clouds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schnaiter, Martin; Järvinen, Emma; Vochezer, Paul; Abdelmonem, Ahmed; Wagner, Robert; Jourdan, Olivier; Mioche, Guillaume; Shcherbakov, Valery N.; Schmitt, Carl G.; Tricoli, Ugo; Ulanowski, Zbigniew; Heymsfield, Andrew J.

2016-04-01

This study reports on the origin of small-scale ice crystal complexity and its influence on the angular light scattering properties of cirrus clouds. Cloud simulation experiments were conducted at the AIDA (Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics in the Atmosphere) cloud chamber of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). A new experimental procedure was applied to grow and sublimate ice particles at defined super- and subsaturated ice conditions and for temperatures in the -40 to -60 °C range. The experiments were performed for ice clouds generated via homogeneous and heterogeneous initial nucleation. Small-scale ice crystal complexity was deduced from measurements of spatially resolved single particle light scattering patterns by the latest version of the Small Ice Detector (SID-3). It was found that a high crystal complexity dominates the microphysics of the simulated clouds and the degree of this complexity is dependent on the available water vapor during the crystal growth. Indications were found that the small-scale crystal complexity is influenced by unfrozen H2SO4 / H2O residuals in the case of homogeneous initial ice nucleation. Angular light scattering functions of the simulated ice clouds were measured by the two currently available airborne polar nephelometers: the polar nephelometer (PN) probe of Laboratoire de Métérologie et Physique (LaMP) and the Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering (PHIPS-HALO) probe of KIT. The measured scattering functions are featureless and flat in the side and backward scattering directions. It was found that these functions have a rather low sensitivity to the small-scale crystal complexity for ice clouds that were grown under typical atmospheric conditions. These results have implications for the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds and for the radiative transfer through these clouds.

Negative refractive index, perfect lenses and checkerboards: Trapping and imaging effects in folded optical spaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guenneau, Sébastien; Ramakrishna, S. Anantha

2009-06-01

Newly discovered metamaterials have opened new vistas for better control of light via negative refraction, whereby light refracts in the "wrong" manner. These are dielectric and metallic composite materials structured at subwavelength lengthscales. Their building blocks consist of local resonators such as conducting thin bars and split rings driving the material parameters such as the dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability to negative (complex) values. Combined together, these structural elements can bring about a (complex valued) negative effective refractive index for the Snell-Descartes law and result in negative refraction of radiation. Negative refractive index materials can support a host of surface plasmon states for both polarizations of light. This makes possible unique effects such as imaging with subwavelength image resolution through the Pendry-Veselago slab lens. Other geometries have also been investigated, such as cylindrical or spherical lenses that enable a magnification of images with subwavelength resolution. Superlenses of three-fold (equilateral triangle), four-fold (square) and six-fold (hexagonal) geometry allow for multiple images, respectively two, three, and five. Generalization to rectangular and triangular checkerboards consisting of alternating cells of positive and negative refractive index represents a very singular situation in which the density of modes diverges at the corners, with an infinity of images. Sine-cosecant anisotropic heterogeneous square and triangular checkerboards can be respectively mapped onto three-dimensional cubic and icosahedral corner lenses consisting of alternating positive and negative refractive regions. All such systems with corners between negative and positive refractive media display very singular behavior with the local density of states becoming infinitely large at the corner, in the limit of no dissipation. We investigate all of these, using the unifying viewpoint of transformation optics. To cite this article: S. Guenneau, S.A. Ramakrishna, C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

Carbon nanotube chemistry and assembly for electronic devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Derycke, Vincent; Auvray, Stéphane; Borghetti, Julien; Chung, Chia-Ling; Lefèvre, Roland; Lopez-Bezanilla, Alejandro; Nguyen, Khoa; Robert, Gaël; Schmidt, Gregory; Anghel, Costin; Chimot, Nicolas; Lyonnais, Sébastien; Streiff, Stéphane; Campidelli, Stéphane; Chenevier, Pascale; Filoramo, Arianna; Goffman, Marcelo F.; Goux-Capes, Laurence; Latil, Sylvain; Blase, Xavier; Triozon, François; Roche, Stephan; Bourgoin, Jean-Philippe

2009-05-01

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have exceptional physical properties that make them one of the most promising building blocks for future nanotechnologies. They may in particular play an important role in the development of innovative electronic devices in the fields of flexible electronics, ultra-high sensitivity sensors, high frequency electronics, opto-electronics, energy sources and nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS). Proofs of concept of several high performance devices already exist, usually at the single device level, but there remain many serious scientific issues to be solved before the viability of such routes can be evaluated. In particular, the main concern regards the controlled synthesis and positioning of nanotubes. In our opinion, truly innovative use of these nano-objects will come from: (i) the combination of some of their complementary physical properties, such as combining their electrical and mechanical properties; (ii) the combination of their properties with additional benefits coming from other molecules grafted on the nanotubes (this route being particularly relevant for gas- and bio-sensors, opto-electronic devices and energy sources); and (iii) the use of chemically- or bio-directed self-assembly processes to allow the efficient combination of several devices into functional arrays or circuits. In this article, we review our recent results concerning nanotube chemistry and assembly and their use to develop electronic devices. In particular, we present carbon nanotube field effect transistors and their chemical optimization, high frequency nanotube transistors, nanotube-based opto-electronic devices with memory capabilities and nanotube-based nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS). The impact of chemical functionalization on the electronic properties of CNTs is analyzed on the basis of theoretical calculations. To cite this article: V. Derycke et al., C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

Analyse de la dégradation thermique du Poly(éther imide)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Courvoisier, Emilie; Bicaba, Yoann; Colin, Xavier

2018-03-01

La dégradation thermique du PEI a été étudiée dans de larges intervalles de température (entre 180 et 250 °C) et de pression partielle d'oxygène (entre 0,21 et 50 bars). Tout d'abord, les mécanismes de vieillissement thermique ont été analysés et élucidés par spectroscopie IRTF et par calorimétrie différentielle (DSC) sur des films de PEI suffisamment minces (entre 10 et 60 μm d'épaisseur) pour s'affranchir totalement des effets de la diffusion d'oxygène. Comme attendu, et par analogie avec d'autres polymères aromatiques de structure chimique similaire, l'oxydation se produit préférentiellement sur les groupes méthyle de l'unité isopropylidène du motif bisphenol A, causant la disparition de leur bande d'absorption IR caractéristique à 2970 cm-1 et la croissance d'une nouvelle bande d'absorption IR centrée à 3350 cm-1 et attribuée aux groupes alcool. De plus, l'oxydation conduit successivement à une prédominance relative des coupures de chaîne (diminution de Tg) et de la réticulation (augmentation de Tg). Enfin, les conséquences de l'oxydation sur les propriétés élastiques ont été analysées et élucidées par micro-indentation sur des sections droites préalablement polies de plaquettes de PEI de 3 mm d'épaisseur. Cependant, l'augmentation du module d'Young dans la couche superficielle oxydée est principalement due à un vieillissement physique.

Evaluation and application of a mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phase in two-dimensional liquid chromatography for the separation of traditional Chinese medicine.

PubMed

Wei, Zhishen; Fu, Qing; Cai, Jianfeng; Huan, Liyun; Zhao, Jianchao; Shi, Hui; Jin, Yu; Liang, Xinmiao

2016-06-01

In this study, two mixed-mode chromatography stationary phases (C8SAX and C8SCX) were evaluated and used to establish a two-dimensional liquid chromatography system for the separation of traditional Chinese medicine. The chromatographic properties of the mixed-mode columns were systematically evaluated by comparing with other three columns of C8, strong anion exchanger, and strong cation exchanger. The result showed that C8SAX and C8SCX had a mixed-mode retention mechanism including electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction. Especially, they were suitable for separating acidic and/or basic compounds and their separation selectivities could be easily adjusted by changing pH value. Then, several off-line 2D-LC systems based on the C8SAX in the first dimension and C8SAX, C8SCX, or C8 columns in the second dimension were developed to analyze a traditional Chinese medicine-Uncaria rhynchophylla. The two-dimensional liquid chromatography system of C8SAX (pH 3.0) × C8SAX (pH 6.0) exhibited the most effective peak distribution. Finally, fractions of U. rhynchophylla prepared from the first dimension were successfully separated on the C8SAX column with a gradient pH. Thus, the mixed-mode stationary phase could provide a platform to separate the traditional Chinese medicine in practical applications. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Newly synthesized bis-benzimidazole compound 8 induces apoptosis, autophagy and reactive oxygen species generation in HeLa cells.

PubMed

Chu, Naying; Yao, Guodong; Liu, Yuan; Cheng, Maosheng; Ikejima, Takashi

2016-09-01

Compound 8 (C8) is a newly synthesized bis-benzimidazole derivative and exerts significant anti-tumor activity in vitro. Previous studies demonstrated that C8 induced apoptosis and autophagy in human promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells. However, cytotoxicity study on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC) showed that C8 exhibited less toxicity in normal cells. In this study, the molecular mechanism of C8 on human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells was investigated. The results showed that C8 inhibited the growth of HeLa cells and triggered both apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Subsequent experiment also indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was induced in C8-treated HeLa cells. Since ROS scavenger decreased the ratio of apoptotic and autophagic cells, ROS generation contributed to C8-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, inhibitors of apoptosis and autophagy also reduced ROS generation, respectively. Autophagy inhibition increased cell growth compared to C8-treated group and attenuated apoptotic cell death, indicating that C8-induced autophagy promoted apoptosis for cell death. However, the percentage of autophagic cells was enhanced when limiting apoptosis process. Taken together, C8 induced ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells, autophagy promoted apoptosis but the former was antagonized by the latter. The data also gave us a new perspective on the anti-tumor effect of C8. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 721.10024 - 10H-Phenothiazine, ar-(C9-rich C8-10-branched alkyl) derivs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false 10H-Phenothiazine, ar-(C9-rich C8-10... New Uses for Specific Chemical Substances § 721.10024 10H-Phenothiazine, ar-(C9-rich C8-10-branched... substance identified as 10H-phenothiazine, ar-(C9-rich C8-10-branched alkyl) derivs (PMN P-01-771; CAS No...

Vaporisation and thermal decomposition of dialkylimidazolium halide ion ionic liquids.

PubMed

Lovelock, Kevin R J; Armstrong, James P; Licence, Peter; Jones, Robert G

2014-01-28

Vaporisation and liquid phase thermal decomposition, TD, of two halide ion ionic liquids, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [C8C1Im]Cl, and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, [C8C1Im]I, are investigated using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) line of sight mass spectrometry (LOSMS) at ultra-high vacuum (UHV). The ability to use MS to distinguish between vaporisation and TD allows the thermodynamics/kinetics of both vaporisation and TD to be investigated within the same experiments. Vaporisation of both halide ion ionic liquids is demonstrated. For both [C8C1Im]Cl and [C8C1Im]I the vapour is shown to be composed of neutral ion pairs (NIPs). The enthalpy of vaporisation at temperature T, ΔvapHT, was experimentally determined as ΔvapH455 = 151 ± 10 kJ mol(-1) for [C8C1Im]Cl and ΔvapH480 = 149 ± 8 kJ mol(-1) for [C8C1Im]I. Extrapolation of ΔvapHT to the reference temperature, 298 K, gave ΔvapH298 = 166 ± 10 kJ mol(-1) for [C8C1Im]Cl and ΔvapH298 = 167 ± 8 kJ mol(-1) for [C8C1Im]I, higher than most ΔvapH298 values measured to date for other [C8C1Im](+)-containing ionic liquids. In addition, predictions of ΔvapH298 for other halide ion ionic liquids are made. Liquid phase TD is shown to proceed via nucleophilic substitution to give two sets of products: 1-octylimidazole and methylhalide, and 1-methylimidazole and 1-octylhalide. The activation energy of TD at a temperature T, Ea,TD,T, is measured for the nucleophilic substitution of [C8C1Im]I to give methyliodide; Ea,TD,480 = 136 ± 15 kJ mol(-1). Ea,TD,T is measured for the nucleophilic substitution of [C8C1Im]Cl to give methylchloride; Ea,TD,455 = 132 ± 10 kJ mol(-1). The fact that ΔvapHT and Ea,TD,T are the same (within error) for both ionic liquids is commented upon, and conclusions are drawn as to the thermal stability of these ionic liquids.

Tricaprylin Alone Increases Plasma Ketone Response More Than Coconut Oil or Other Medium-Chain Triglycerides: An Acute Crossover Study in Healthy Adults

PubMed Central

Vandenberghe, Camille; St-Pierre, Valérie; Pierotti, Tyler; Fortier, Mélanie; Castellano, Christian-Alexandre; Cunnane, Stephen C

2017-01-01

Abstract Background: Ketones are the brain's main alternative fuel to glucose. Dietary medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) supplements increase plasma ketones, but their ketogenic efficacy relative to coconut oil (CO) is not clear. Objective: The aim was to compare the acute ketogenic effects of the following test oils in healthy adults: coconut oil [CO; 3% tricaprylin (C8), 5% tricaprin (C10)], classical MCT oil (C8-C10; 55% C8, 35% C10), C8 (>95% C8), C10 (>95% C10), or CO mixed 50:50 with C8-C10 or C8. Methods: In a crossover design, 9 participants with mean ± SD ages 34 ± 12 y received two 20-mL doses of the test oils prepared as an emulsion in 250 mL lactose-free skim milk. During the control (CTL) test, participants received only the milk vehicle. The first test dose was taken with breakfast and the second was taken at noon but without lunch. Blood was sampled every 30 min over 8 h for plasma acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) analysis. Results: C8 was the most ketogenic test oil with a day-long mean ± SEM of +295 ± 155 µmol/L above the CTL. C8 alone induced the highest plasma ketones expressed as the areas under the curve (AUCs) for 0–4 and 4–8 h (780 ± 426 µmol ⋅ h/L and 1876 ± 772 µmol ⋅ h/L, respectively); these values were 813% and 870% higher than CTL values (P < 0.01). CO plasma ketones peaked at +200 µmol/L, or 25% of the C8 ketone peak. The acetoacetate-to-β-HB ratio increased 56% more after CO than after C8 after both doses. Conclusions: In healthy adults, C8 alone had the highest net ketogenic effect over 8 h, but induced only half the increase in the acetoacetate-to-β-HB ratio compared with CO. Optimizing the type of MCT may help in developing ketogenic supplements designed to counteract deteriorating brain glucose uptake associated with aging. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT 02679222.

Relaxations of fluorouracil tautomers by decorations of fullerene-like SiCs: DFT studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kouchaki, Alireza; Gülseren, Oğuz; Hadipour, Nasser; Mirzaei, Mahmoud

2016-06-01

Decorations of silicon carbide (SiC) fullerene-like nanoparticles by fluorouracil (FU) and its tautomers are investigated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Two models of fullerene-like particles including Si12C8 and Si8C12 are constructed to be counterparts of decorated hybrid structures, FU@Si12C8 and FU@Si8C12, respectively. The initial models including original FU and tautomeric structures and SiC nanoparticles are individually optimized and then combined for further optimizations in the hybrid forms. Covalent bonds are observed for FU@Si12C8 hybrids, whereas non-covalent interactions are seen for FU@Si8C12 ones. The obtained properties indicated that Si12C8 model could be considered as a better counterpart for interactions with FU structures than Si8C12 model. The results also showed significant effects of interactions on the properties of atoms close to the interacting regions in nanoparticles. Finally, the tautomeric structures show different behaviors in interactions with SiC nanoparticles, in which the SiC nanoparticles could be employed to detect the situations of tautomeric processes for FU structures.

Study of physical conditions in protoplanetary disks by interferometry. Theory, instrumentation and first observations. -- étude des conditions physiques dans les disques protoplanétaires par interférométrie. Théorie, instrumentation et premières observations.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Malbet, Fabien

2007-10-01

Les étoiles se forment lors de l'effondrement de nuages de gaz et de poussière. Dans l'environnement proche de l'étoile naissante la matière se concentre dans un plan équatorial que l'on appelle disque protoplanétaire. Les astronomes pensent que les planètes se forment au sein de cette masse de gaz et de poussière orbitant autour de l'étoile. Pour sonder ces disques à des échelles correspondant aux orbites des futures planètes, il convient d'observer dans l'infrarouge à très haute résolution spatiale. L'interférométrie infrarouge est donc un outil idéal pour étudier les conditions physiques des disques protoplanétaires. Dans ce mémoire, je décris les premiers pas de l'interférométrie infrarouge, depuis la mise au point des petits interféromètres PTI et IOTA jusqu'à la construction de l'instrument AMBER au foyer de l'interféromètre du VLT. Je décris aussi les résultats d'une piste de recherche technologique particulièrement attrayante dans le cas de l'interférométrie infrarouge et issue des technologies des autoroutes de l'information: l'optique intégrée appliquée à la combinaison de plusieurs faisceaux en astronomie. Je montre ensuite comment à partir des observations obtenues à partir de ces instruments, il est possible de contraindre la physique des disques autour des étoiles jeunes. Gráce à la résolution spectrale nouvellement disponible sur ces instruments, pour la première fois nous pouvons séparer des phénomènes physiques aussi différents que l'accrétion de matière sur l'étoile et l'éjection de particules par des vents dont l'origine précise est encore mal connue. Les résultats présentés dans ce mémoire ont été obtenus principalement à partir d'observations sur les systèmes jeunes FU Ori et MWC 297 effectuées par AMBER sur le VLTI, mais aussi par les petits interféromètres infrarouges PTI et IOTA. Je développe aussi les travaux de modélisation de la structure verticale des disques associés afin de montrer la richesse des renseignements obtenus. Finalement je trace les contours d'un programme de recherche qui permettra tout d'abord de maximiser le retour astrophysique sur un instrument comme le VLTI, puis d'obtenir de premières images interférométriques de ces environnements circumstellaires. Je propose aussi la réalisation d'un instrument de seconde génération qui permettra de fournir des images interférométriques détaillées de ces sources compactes par synthèse d'ouverture. Stars are forming when clouds of gas and dust collapse. In the close environment of the new star, the matter is concentrated in an equatorial plane which is called protoplanetary disk. The astronomers think that planets are formed within this mass of gas and dust orbiting around the star. To probe these disks at scales corresponding to the orbits of the future planets, it is necessary to observe at very high spatial resolution in the infrared wavelength domain. Infrared interferometry is therefore an ideal tool to study the physical conditions in protoplanetary disks. In this document, I describe the first steps of infrared interferometry, from the beginning of the small interferometers PTI and IOTA until the construction of the AMBER instrument at the focus of the VLT Interferometer. I describe also the results of a technological research track, particularly attractive in the case of infrared interferometry, and coming from the information freeway: the integrated optics applies to the combination of several beams in astronomy. I show then how from observations obtained from these instruments, it is possible to constrain the physics of disks around young stars. Thanks to the spectral resolution recently available on these instruments, for the first time, we can separate the physical phenomena as different as accretion of matter onto the star and the ejection of particles by winds whose precise origin is still not well known. The results presented in this document were obtained mainly from observations on the young systems FU Ori and MWC 297 and performed by AMBER on the VLTI, but also by the small infrared interferometers PTI and IOTA. I tackle also the modeling of the vertical structure of those disks in order to show the wealth of obtained information. Finally I draw the contours of a research program that will allow first the VLTI astrophysical return to be maximized, and then the first interferometric images of these circumstellar environments to be obtained. I also propose to build a second generation instrument for the VLTI which will bring detailed interferometric images by aperture synthesis of these compact sources.

Regulation of lipogenesis by cyclin-dependent kinase 8–mediated control of SREBP-1

PubMed Central

Zhao, Xiaoping; Feng, Daorong; Wang, Qun; Abdulla, Arian; Xie, Xiao-Jun; Zhou, Jie; Sun, Yan; Yang, Ellen S.; Liu, Lu-Ping; Vaitheesvaran, Bhavapriya; Bridges, Lauren; Kurland, Irwin J.; Strich, Randy; Ni, Jian-Quan; Wang, Chenguang; Ericsson, Johan; Pessin, Jeffrey E.; Ji, Jun-Yuan; Yang, Fajun

2012-01-01

Altered lipid metabolism underlies several major human diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, lipid metabolism pathophysiology remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Insulin is the primary stimulator of hepatic lipogenesis through activation of the SREBP-1c transcription factor. Here we identified cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) and its regulatory partner cyclin C (CycC) as negative regulators of the lipogenic pathway in Drosophila, mammalian hepatocytes, and mouse liver. The inhibitory effect of CDK8 and CycC on de novo lipogenesis was mediated through CDK8 phosphorylation of nuclear SREBP-1c at a conserved threonine residue. Phosphorylation by CDK8 enhanced SREBP-1c ubiquitination and protein degradation. Importantly, consistent with the physiologic regulation of lipid biosynthesis, CDK8 and CycC proteins were rapidly downregulated by feeding and insulin, resulting in decreased SREBP-1c phosphorylation. Moreover, overexpression of CycC efficiently suppressed insulin and feeding–induced lipogenic gene expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CDK8 and CycC function as evolutionarily conserved components of the insulin signaling pathway in regulating lipid homeostasis. PMID:22684109

La prévention des blessures causées par les véhicules tout-terrains

PubMed Central

Yanchar, Natalie L

2012-01-01

RÉSUMÉ Les véhicules tout-terrains (VTT) sont largement utilisés au Canada dans le cadre des loisirs, du transport et du travail, tel que l’agriculture. En qualité de véhicules automobiles, ils peuvent être particulièrement dangereux lorsqu’ils sont utilisés par des enfants et des jeunes adolescents qui ne possèdent pas les connaissances, la taille physique, la force et les compétences cognitives et motrices nécessaires pour les conduire en toute sécurité. La magnitude du risque de blessures pour les jeunes conducteurs est exposée de manière explicite dans les avertissements figurant dans le manuel du conducteur et sur les étiquettes des modèles les plus récents. Elle est également et démontrée par le nombre important d’hospitalisations et de décès pédiatriques attribuables à des traumatismes liés aux VTT. Cependant, le port du casque est loin d’être universel chez les jeunes conducteurs, et les comportements de conduite non sécuritaires demeurent courants, tels que la conduite sans supervision ou avec des passagers. Malgré les avertissements de l’industrie et l’éducation publique qui font ressortir l’importance de comportements sécuritaires et les risques de graves blessures chez les enfants et les adolescents, on continue de recenser des blessures et des décès liés aux VTT. Tant que des mesures n’auront pas été prises pour réduire ces blessures de manière substantielle et efficace, il est essentiel de limiter la conduite par des jeunes, notamment ceux de moins de 16 ans, afin de réduire le fardeau des traumatismes liés aux VTT chez les enfants et les adolescents. Le présent document remplace le document de principes de la Société canadienne de pédiatrie publié en 2004.

Laboratory and numerical simulation of internal wave attractors and their instability.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brouzet, Christophe; Dauxois, Thierry; Ermanyuk, Evgeny; Joubaud, Sylvain; Sibgatullin, Ilias

2015-04-01

Internal wave attractors are formed as result of focusing of internal gravity waves in a confined domain of stably stratified fluid due to peculiarities of reflections properties [1]. The energy injected into domain due to external perturbation, is concentrated along the path formed by the attractor. The existence of attractors was predicted theoretically and proved both experimentally and numerically [1-4]. Dynamics of attractors is greatly influenced by geometrical focusing, viscous dissipation and nonlinearity. The experimental setup features Schmidt number equal to 700 which impose constraints on resolution in numerical schemes. Also for investigation of stability on large time intervals (about 1000 periods of external forcing) numerical viscosity may have significant impact. For these reasons, we have chosen spectral element method for investigation of this problem, what allows to carefully follow the nonlinear dynamics. We present cross-comparison of experimental observations and numerical simulations of long-term behavior of wave attractors. Fourier analysis and subsequent application of Hilbert transform are used for filtering of spatial components of internal-wave field [5]. The observed dynamics shows a complicated coupling between the effects of local instability and global confinement of the fluid domain. The unstable attractor is shown to act as highly efficient mixing box providing the efficient energy pathway from global-scale excitation to small-scale wave motions and mixing. Acknowledgement, IS has been partially supported by Russian Ministry of Education and Science (agreement id RFMEFI60714X0090) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant N 15-01-06363. EVE gratefully acknowledges his appointment as a Marie Curie incoming fellow at Laboratoire de physique ENS de Lyon. This work has been partially supported by the ONLITUR grant (ANR-2011-BS04-006-01) and achieved thanks to the resources of PSMN from ENS de Lyon 1. Maas, L. R. M. & Lam, F.-P. A., Geometric focusing of internal waves. J. Fluid Mech, 1995,. 300, 1-41 L. R. M. Maas, D. Benielli, J. Sommeria, and F.-P. A. Lam, Nature (London) 388, 557 (1997). 2. Dauxois, Thierry; Young, W., Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1999, vol. 390, Issue 01, p.271-295 3. Grisouard, N., Staquet, C., Pairaud, I., 2008, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 614, 1 4. Scolan, H., Ermanyuk, E., Dauxois, T., 2013, Physical Review Letters, 110, 234501 5. Mercier, Matthieu J.; Garnier, Nicolas B.; Dauxois, Thierry Reflection and diffraction of internal waves analyzed with the Hilbert transform Physics of Fluids, Volume 20, Issue 8, pp. 086601-086601-10 (2008).

Effect of preduodenal lipase inhibition in suckling rats on dietary octanoic acid (C8:0) gastric absorption and plasma octanoylated ghrelin concentration.

PubMed

Lemarié, F; Cavalier, J-F; Garcia, C; Boissel, F; Point, V; Catheline, D; Legrand, P; Carrière, F; Rioux, V

2016-09-01

Part of medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) coming from dietary triglycerides (TGs) can be directly absorbed through the gastric mucosa after the action of preduodenal lipase (lingual lipase in the rat). MCFA gastric absorption, particularly that of octanoic acid (C8:0), may have a physiological importance in the octanoylation of ghrelin, the orexigenic gastric peptide acting as an endogenous ligand of the hypothalamic growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR-1a). However, the amount of C8:0 absorbed in the stomach and its metabolic fate still haven't been clearly characterized. The purpose of the present study was to further characterize and quantify the importance of preduodenal lipase activity on the release and gastric absorption of dietary C8:0 and on the subsequent ghrelin octanoylation in the stomach mucosa. Fifteen days old rats received fat emulsions containing triolein or [1,1,1-(13)C]-Tri-C8:0 and a specific inhibitor of preduodenal lipase, 5-(2-(benzyloxy)ethoxy)-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one or BemPPOX. The fate of the (13)C-C8:0 was followed in rat tissues after 30 and 120min of digestion and octanoylated ghrelin was measured in the plasma. This work (1) demonstrates that part of C8:0 coming from Tri-C8:0 is directly absorbed at the gastric level, (2) allows the estimation of C8:0 gastric absorption level (1.3% of the (13)C-C8:0 in sn-3 position after 30min of digestion), as well as (3) the contribution of rat lingual lipase to total lipolysis and to duodenal absorption of dietary FAs (at least 30%), (4) shows no short-term effect of dietary Tri-C8:0 consumption and subsequent increase of C8:0 gastric tissue content on plasma octanoylated ghrelin concentration. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Détermination de l'énergie de surface d'alumines et de titanates de baryum utilisés pour la préparation de céramiques : influence d'un traitement thermique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Papirer, E.; Perrin, J. M.; Siffert, B.; Philipponneau, G.

1991-05-01

Surface characteristics of powders used for the preparation of ceramics determine the physical interactions potential between constituents and condition, in particular, the stability of slurries. Inverse Gas Chromatography (I.G.C.) applied to aluminas and barium titanates, appears to be a well suited method for the measurement, on the one hand, of the dispersive component (γ^D_S) of the surface energy and, on the other hand, of a specific interaction parameter (I_{sp}) which accounts for all possible interactions, except London interactions. It is shown that, firstly, the chemical surface composition (presence of impurities or Ba/Ti ratios) influences strongly the values of γ^D_S and I_{sp} and, secondly, the heat treatment of certain aluminas (below 500 °C) modifies in an unexpected way the same values. In that case, the results may be explained supposing the existence, on the alumina surfaces, of a thin hydrated oxide layer which is formed during ageing in humid atmosphere. This layer, of the boehmite type, transforms into γ alumina around 350-400 °C, a transformation accompanied by important variations of γ^D_S This study underlines the importance of a thorough physico-chemical control of the ceramic powders and of their conditioning. Les caractéristiques de surface des poudres entrant dans la préparation des céramiques déterminent les capacités d'interactions physiques entre constituants et conditionnent, en particulier, la stabilité des barbotines. La chromatographie gazeuse inverse (C.G.I.), appliquée aux alumines et aux titanates de baryum, s'avère comme une méthode de choix pour la mesure d'une part, de la composante dispersive (γ^D_S) de l'énergie de surface et d'autre part, d'un paramètre d'interaction spécifique (I_{sp}) qui rend compte de toutes les possibilités d'interactions à l'exception de celles de London. On montre, premièrement, que la composition chimique de surface (présence d'impuretés, ou rapport Ba/Ti) influe grandement sur les valeurs de γ^D_S et d'I_{sp} et, deuxièmement, que le traitement thermique de certaines alumines (en dessous de 500 °C) modifie de façon inattendue ces mêmes grandeurs. Dans ce cas les résultats s'expliquent en admettant l'existence, en surface de cette poudre, d'une couche d'oxyde hydraté formée au cours de son vieillissement en atmosphère humide. Cette couche, de type boehmite, se transforme en alumine γ vers 350-400 °C, transformation qui s'accompagne d'importantes modifications de γ^D_S. Cette étude souligne I'importance qu'il y a lieu d'attacher au contrôle physicochimique et au conditionnement thermique des poudres pour céramique.

Nano-Biocatalysts of Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO Composites with High Recyclability via a de Novo Approach.

PubMed

Zhu, Qianqian; Zhuang, Wei; Chen, Yong; Wang, Zhanke; Villacorta Hernandez, Byron; Wu, Jinglan; Yang, Pengpeng; Liu, Dong; Zhu, Chenjie; Ying, Hanjie; Zhu, Zhonghua

2018-05-09

To improve the stability and recyclability of enzymes immobilized on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene oxide (GO) with surface oxygen-rich functional groups was selected to form ZIF-8/GO nanocomposites with the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) for cytochrome c (Cyt c) immobilization. It was found that the functional groups on the GO surface were involved in the growth of ZIF-8 without affecting the crystal structure but their particle size was reduced to about 200 nm. The storage stability and resistance to organic solvents of Cyt c were obviously improved after the immobilization on the ZIF-8/GO nanocomposite. On one hand, compared with Cyt c@ZIF-8 and Cyt c@GO with 30 and 60% protein leakage, Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO displayed little protein leakage after 60 h of storage. On the other hand, Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO retained a residual activity of approximately 100% after being stored in ethanol and acetone for 2 h, whereas the free enzyme, Cyt c@ZIF-8, and Cyt c@GO retained only about 10, 50, and 40%, respectively. In addition, the Cyt c@ZIF-8/GO nanocomposites can be utilized up to four cycles with virtually no loss of activity and may be further applied on H 2 O 2 biosensing systems. The synergistic effect between MOFs and GO in ZIF-8/GO nanocomposites provides infinite possibilities as immobilized enzyme carriers.

Prevalence of hereditary properdin, C7 and C8 deficiencies in patients with meningococcal infections.

PubMed

Schlesinger, M; Nave, Z; Levy, Y; Slater, P E; Fishelson, Z

1990-09-01

High incidence of hereditary complement (C) deficiencies was found among 101 patients who had a meningococcal disease. This study revealed 11 non-related patients with complete C deficiency: five deficient in C7, three in C8, two in properdin and one in C2. Additional C-deficient individuals, most of them with no history of severe bacterial infections, were detected in family studies. The C8-deficient patients were found to have a selective deficiency of the C8-beta subunit and a reduced expression of the alpha/gamma subunit. Only a few families with properdin deficiency have been described so far. However, it is likely that frequent analysis of the activity of the alternative C pathway in survivors of severe bacterial infections will disclose numerous properdin-deficient patients. All our C7-, C8- and properdin-deficient patients are Sephardic Jews whose families originated from Morocco, Yemen (C7 and C8 deficient) or Tunisia (properdin deficient). This and other findings indicate that the type of complement abnormality found in association with meningococcal infections varies with the ethnic origin of the patient.

Emphasizing appearance versus health outcomes in exercise: the influence of the instructor and participants' reasons for exercise.

PubMed

O'Hara, Shannon E; Cox, Anne E; Amorose, Anthony J

2014-03-01

The objectifying nature of exercise environments may prevent women from reaping psychological benefits of exercise. The present experiment manipulated self-objectification through an exercise class taught by an instructor who emphasized exercise as either a means of acquiring appearance or health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to test for interactions between the class emphasis and participants' reasons for exercise (i.e., appearance, health) predicting participants' state self-objectification, state social physique anxiety, exercise class enjoyment, and future intentions of returning to a similar exercise class. Results, obtained via pre- and post-exercise questionnaires, revealed a significant interaction between class emphasis and health reasons for exercise predicting state self-objectification. Participants with lower health reasons for exercise reported greater state self-objectification in the appearance-focused class compared to those with higher health reasons for exercise. Adopting stronger health reasons for exercise may buffer exercise participants from the more objectifying aspects of the group exercise environment. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

CDPP Tools in the IMPEx infrastructure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gangloff, Michel; Génot, Vincent; Bourrel, Nataliya; Hess, Sébastien; Khodachenko, Maxim; Modolo, Ronan; Kallio, Esa; Alexeev, Igor; Al-Ubaidi, Tarek; Cecconi, Baptiste; André, Nicolas; Budnik, Elena; Bouchemit, Myriam; Dufourg, Nicolas; Beigbeder, Laurent

2014-05-01

The CDPP (Centre de Données de la Physique des Plasmas, http://cdpp.eu/), the French data center for plasma physics, is engaged for more than a decade in the archiving and dissemination of plasma data products from space missions and ground observatories. Besides these activities, the CDPP developed services like AMDA (http://amda.cdpp.eu/) which enables in depth analysis of large amount of data through dedicated functionalities such as: visualization, conditional search, cataloguing, and 3DView (http://3dview.cdpp.eu/) which provides immersive visualisations in planetary environments and is further developed to include simulation and observational data. Both tools implement the IMPEx protocol (http://impexfp7.oeaw.ac.at/) to give access to outputs of simulation runs and models in planetary sciences from several providers like LATMOS, FMI , SINP; prototypes have also been built to access some UCLA and CCMC simulations. These tools and their interaction will be presented together with the IMPEx simulation data model (http://impex.latmos.ipsl.fr/tools/DataModel.htm) used for the interface to model databases.

Sketching people: Prospective investigations of the impact of life drawing on body image.

PubMed

Swami, Viren

2017-03-01

Three studies were conducted to establish the extent to which life drawing is effective at promoting positive body image. Study 1 (N=84 women) showed that life drawing had a positive impact on state body image, but only if artists observed a human model and not non-human objects. Study 2 (N=61 women, 61 men) showed that life drawing had a positive impact on state body image for women and men, irrespective of whether artists observed a sex-congruent or -incongruent model. Study 3 (N=23) showed that participating in weekly life drawing sessions for a 6-week period resulted in significantly elevated trait positive body image (body appreciation and body pride) and embodiment, and in reduced social physique anxiety; however, the intervention had no significant impact on negative body image (drive for thinness or muscularity). These results highlight the potential of life drawing for promoting positive body experiences. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fluxgate vector magnetometers: Compensated multi-sensor devices for ground, UAV and airborne magnetic survey for various application in near surface geophysics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gavazzi, Bruno; Le Maire, Pauline; Munschy, Marc; Dechamp, Aline

2017-04-01

Fluxgate 3-components magnetometer is the kind of magnetometer which offers the lightest weight and lowest power consumption for the measurement of the intensity of the magnetic field. Moreover, vector measurements make it the only kind of magnetometer allowing compensation of magnetic perturbations due to the equipment carried with it. Unfortunately, Fluxgate magnetometers are quite uncommon in near surface geophysics due to the difficulty to calibrate them precisely. The recent advances in calibration of the sensors and magnetic compensation of the devices from a simple process on the field led Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg to develop instruments for georeferenced magnetic measurements at different scales - from submetric measurements on the ground to aircraft-conducted acquisition through the wide range offered by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) - with a precision in the order of 1 nT. Such equipment is used for different kind of application: structural geology, pipes and UXO detection, archaeology.

Out of Bounds? A Critique of the New Policies on Hyperandrogenism in Elite Female Athletes

PubMed Central

Karkazis, Katrina; Jordan-Young, Rebecca; Davis, Georgiann; Camporesi, Silvia

2016-01-01

In May 2011, more than a decade after the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) abandoned sex testing, they devised new policies in response to the IAAF’s treatment of Caster Semenya, the South African runner whose sex was challenged because of her spectacular win and powerful physique that fueled an international frenzy questioning her sex and legitimacy to compete as female. These policies claim that atypically high levels of endogenous testosterone in women (caused by various medical conditions) create an unfair advantage and must be regulated. Against the backdrop of Semenya’s case and the scientific and historical complexity of “gender verification” in elite sports, we question the new policies on three grounds: (1) the underlying scientific assumptions; (2) the policymaking process; and (3) the potential to achieve fairness for female athletes. We find the policies in each of these domains significantly flawed and therefore argue they should be withdrawn. PMID:22694023

Nutrition for synchronized swimming: a review.

PubMed

Lundy, Bronwen

2011-10-01

Synchronized swimming enjoys worldwide popularity and has been part of the formal Olympic program since 1984. Despite this, relatively little research has been conducted on participant nutrition practices and requirements, and there are significant gaps in the knowledge base despite the numerous areas in which nutrition could affect performance and safety. This review aimed to summarize current findings and identify areas requiring further research. Uniform physique in team or duet events may be more important than absolute values for muscularity or body fat, but a lean and athletic appearance remains key. Synchronized swimmers appear to have an increased risk of developing eating disorders, and there is evidence of delayed menarche, menstrual dysfunction, and lower bone density relative to population norms. Dietary practices remain relatively unknown, but micronutrient status for iron and magnesium may be compromised. More research is required across all aspects of nutrition status, anthropometry, and physiology, and both sports nutrition and sports medicine support may be required to reduce risks for participants.

Psychometric evaluation and sex invariance of the Spanish version of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale.

PubMed

Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Manuel; Sicilia, Alvaro

2018-06-01

This study examined the psychometric properties of a Spanish translation of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale (BASES; Castonguay et al., 2014) in a sample of university Spanish students. A total of 815 participants enrolled in two public universities located in Almería and Elche, Spain, completed the BASES along with measures of social physique anxiety and positive/negative affect. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that one item failed to load clearly on the hypothesized factor (guilt). Once it was removed, results supported the hypothesized four-factor structure. Evidence of invariance of the four-factor structure across sex was obtained. Scores on the BASES showed adequate internal consistency and acceptable convergent validity. Compared to men, women reported significantly higher body and appearance-related guilt and shame, and significant lower authentic and hubristic pride. Preliminary evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the Spanish translation of the BASES is provided. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Liposuction devices: technology update

PubMed Central

Shridharani, Sachin M; Broyles, Justin M; Matarasso, Alan

2014-01-01

Since its introduction by Illouz and others over 30 years ago, suction-assisted lipectomy/liposuction/lipoplasty has evolved tremendously and has developed into one of the most popular procedures in aesthetic plastic surgery. Liposuction is an effective procedure employed to treat localized adipose deposits in patients not suffering from generalized obesity. These accumulations of subcutaneous fat often occur in predictable distributions in both men and women. A cannula connected to a suction-generating source allows for small incisions to be strategically placed and large volumes of fat to be removed. This fat removal leads to improved harmonious balance of a patient’s physique and improved body contour. Various surgical techniques are available and have evolved as technology has improved. Current technology for liposuction includes suction-assisted lipectomy, ultrasound-assisted, power-assisted, laser-assisted, and radiofrequency-assisted. The choice of technology and technique often depends on patient characteristics and surgeon preference. The objective of this review is to provide a thorough assessment of current technologies available to plastic surgeons performing liposuction. PMID:25093000

CONFERENCE DESCRIPTION Theory of Fusion Plasmas: Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garbet, X.; Sauter, O.

2010-12-01

The Joint Varenna-Lausanne international workshop on Theory of Fusion Plasmas takes place every other year in a place particularly favourable for informal and in-depth discussions. Invited and contributed papers present state-of-the-art research in theoretical plasma physics, covering all domains relevant to fusion plasmas. This workshop always welcomes a fruitful mix of experienced researchers and students, to allow a better understanding of the key theoretical physics models and applications. Theoretical issues related to burning plasmas Anomalous Transport (Turbulence, Coherent Structures, Microinstabilities) RF Heating and Current Drive Macroinstabilities Plasma-Edge Physics and Divertors Fast particles instabilities Further details: http://Varenna-Lausanne.epfl.ch The conference is organized by: Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Association EURATOM - Confédération Suisse 'Piero Caldirola' International Centre for the Promotion of Science and International School of Plasma Physics Istituto di Fisica del Plasma del CNR, Milano Editors: X Garbet (CEA, Cadarache, France) and O Sauter (CRPP-EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland)

Study of ground state optical transfer for ultracold alkali dimers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bouloufa-Maafa, Nadia; Londono, Beatriz; Borsalino, Dimitri; Vexiau, Romain; Mahecha, Jorge; Dulieu, Olivier; Luc-Koenig, Eliane

2013-05-01

Control of molecular states by laser pulses offer promising potential applications. The manipulation of molecules by external fields requires precise knowledge of the molecular structure. Our motivation is to perform a detailed analysis of the spectroscopic properties of alkali dimers, with the aim to determine efficient optical paths to form molecules in the absolute ground state and to determine the optimal parameters of the optical lattices where those molecules are manipulated to avoid losses by collisions. To this end, we use state of the art molecular potentials, R-dependent spin-orbit coupling and transition dipole moment to perform our calculations. R-dependent SO coupling are of crucial importance because the transitions occur at internuclear distances where they are affected by this R-dependence. Efficient schemes to transfer RbCs, KRb and KCs to the absolute ground state as well as the optimal parameters of the optical lattices will be presented. This work was supported in part by ``Triangle de la Physique'' under contract 2008-007T-QCCM (Quantum Control of Cold Molecules).

Couches minces supraconductrices à haute température critique pour l'électronique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guilloux-Viry, M.; Perrin, A.

1998-08-01

High critical temperature superconductors (HTCS) are very promising for applications in microelectronics due to the control of high quality epitaxial thin films, in spite of a number of specific constraints. Active and passive devices are already available in various laboratories, prooving that applications are actually expected soon. We report here on the interest of HTCS thin films, on preparation processes including materials and substrates choice, and also on characterization methods which are required in order to chek the quality of the samples. Finally some illustrative examples of applications are presented. Les supraconducteurs à haute température critique ouvrent des perspectives prometteuses dans le domaine de l'électronique en raison de la maîtrise de la croissance de films minces de haute qualité cristalline et physique, malgré des difficultés spécifiques. Des dispositifs, aussi bien actifs que passifs, commencent à être réalisés dans divers laboratoires, montrant que des applications peuvent être effectivement envisagées à relativement court terme.

Influence du traitement ionisant par rayonnement γ sur le pouvoir antioxydant de fractions polyphénoliques issues de substances d'origine végétale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stuyck, S.; Connaulte, J.; Lesgards, G.; Prost, M.; Raffi, J.

1998-04-01

Ionizing radiation of vegetables is a cleaning up and preservation physical treatment which consists in submitting them to γ radiation, X radiation or electrons beam. This study deals with the influence of γ radiation on antioxidative effect of vegetables polyphenolic parts. In that purpose, we use a simple biological test based on erythrocytes haemolysis. Le traitement ionisant des produits végétaux est un procédé physique d'assainissement et de conservation qui consiste à les soumettre à l'action de rayonnements γ, de rayons X ou de faisceaux d'électrons. Ce travail porte sur l'étude de l'influence des rayonnements γ sur le pouvoir antioxydant de fractions polyphénoliques issues de substances d'origine végétale. Pour cela, un test biologique basé sur l'hémolyse d'érythrocytes est utilisé.

A comparison of eating, exercise, shape, and weight related symptomatology in males with muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa.

PubMed

Murray, Stuart B; Rieger, Elizabeth; Hildebrandt, Tom; Karlov, Lisa; Russell, Janice; Boon, Evelyn; Dawson, Robert T; Touyz, Stephen W

2012-03-01

In the context of the lack of nosological clarity surrounding muscle dysmorphia, this paper aims to compare the symptomatic profile of muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa in males whilst using measures sensitive to indexing male body image concerns. Twenty-one male muscle dysmorphia patients, 24 male anorexia nervosa patients, and 15 male gym-using controls completed the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, the Muscle Dysmorphia Disorder Inventory, the Compulsive Exercise Test, and a measure of appearance-enhancing substance use. Men with muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa demonstrated widespread symptomatic similarities spanning the domains of disturbed body image, disordered eating, and exercise behaviour, whilst differences were consistent with the opposing physiques pursued in each condition. Furthermore, correlational analyses revealed significant associations between scores on muscle dysmorphia and eating disorder measures. The present findings provide moderate support for the notion that muscle dysmorphia may be nosologically similar to anorexia nervosa. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: Art and Medicine.

PubMed

Dahan, Shani; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

2017-12-01

Medical practice is a form of art, with each complex detail essential to the welfare of the individuals in the care of the physician. Art and medicine have shared a close relationship in a variety of ways for centuries, as demonstrated by anatomical drawings and textbooks from the 16th century. Leonardo da Vinci, driven by his fascination with the details of the human body and how it functioned, succeeded in creating an anatomical model of the cerebral ventricles and the aorta using molten wax and a glass structure, respectively (Heart and Its Blood Vessels). By using water that contained grass seeds, this experiment enabled him to study blood flow. da Vinci's engrossment with the complexity of the human body is reflected in many of his drawings, including the famous depiction of the human physique in his drawing of the Vitruvian Man. This drawing, which defines the ideal proportions of the human body and their correlation with geometry, is an example of how artistic and scientific objectives integrate with each other.

Observational astrophysics.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Léna, P.; Lebrun, F.; Mignard, F.

This book is the 2nd edition of an English translation published in 1988 (45.003.105) of the French original "Astrophysique: Méthodes physiques de l'observation" published in 1986 (42.003.048). Written specifically for physicists and graduate students in astronomy, this textbook focuses on astronomical observation and on the basic physical principles that astronomers use to conceive, build and exploit their instruments at their ultimate limits in sensitivity or resolution. This second edition has been entirely restructured and almost doubled in size, in order to improve its clarity and to account for the great progress achieved in the last 15 years. It deals with ground-based and space-based astronomy and their respective fields. It presents the new generation of giant ground-based telescopes, with the new methods of optical interferometry and adaptive optics, and also the ambitious concepts behind planned space missions for the next decades. Avoiding particulars, it covers the whole of the electromagnetic spectrum and touches upon the "new astronomies" becoming possible with gravitational waves and neutrinos.

Lung lobe segmentation based on statistical atlas and graph cuts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nimura, Yukitaka; Kitasaka, Takayuki; Honma, Hirotoshi; Takabatake, Hirotsugu; Mori, Masaki; Natori, Hiroshi; Mori, Kensaku

2012-03-01

This paper presents a novel method that can extract lung lobes by utilizing probability atlas and multilabel graph cuts. Information about pulmonary structures plays very important role for decision of the treatment strategy and surgical planning. The human lungs are divided into five anatomical regions, the lung lobes. Precise segmentation and recognition of lung lobes are indispensable tasks in computer aided diagnosis systems and computer aided surgery systems. A lot of methods for lung lobe segmentation are proposed. However, these methods only target the normal cases. Therefore, these methods cannot extract the lung lobes in abnormal cases, such as COPD cases. To extract lung lobes in abnormal cases, this paper propose a lung lobe segmentation method based on probability atlas of lobe location and multilabel graph cuts. The process consists of three components; normalization based on the patient's physique, probability atlas generation, and segmentation based on graph cuts. We apply this method to six cases of chest CT images including COPD cases. Jaccard index was 79.1%.

Human activities recognition by head movement using partial recurrent neural network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan, Henry C. C.; Jia, Kui; De Silva, Liyanage C.

2003-06-01

Traditionally, human activities recognition has been achieved mainly by the statistical pattern recognition methods or the Hidden Markov Model (HMM). In this paper, we propose a novel use of the connectionist approach for the recognition of ten simple human activities: walking, sitting down, getting up, squatting down and standing up, in both lateral and frontal views, in an office environment. By means of tracking the head movement of the subjects over consecutive frames from a database of different color image sequences, and incorporating the Elman model of the partial recurrent neural network (RNN) that learns the sequential patterns of relative change of the head location in the images, the proposed system is able to robustly classify all the ten activities performed by unseen subjects from both sexes, of different race and physique, with a recognition rate as high as 92.5%. This demonstrates the potential of employing partial RNN to recognize complex activities in the increasingly popular human-activities-based applications.

Perceived autonomy support, motivation regulations and the self-evaluative tendencies of student dancers.

PubMed

Quested, Eleanor; Duda, Joan L

2011-03-01

Limited research has considered the social-environmental and motivational processes predictive of self evaluations and body-related concerns. Evidence suggests that low self-esteem, poor body evaluations, and associated anxieties are particularly prevalent among the student dance population. Grounded in self-determination theory (SDT), this study examined the relationships among perceptions of autonomy support, motivation regulations, and self-evaluations of body-related concerns in the context of vocational dance. Three hundred and ninety-two dancers completed questionnaires regarding their perceptions of autonomy support in their dance school, reasons for engaging in dance, self-esteem, social physique anxiety (SPA), and body dissatisfaction. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that perceived autonomy support predicted intrinsic motivation (+) and amotivation (-). Extrinsic regulation positively predicted SPA. Amotivation mediated the associations between perceptions of autonomy support and dancers' self-esteem, SPA, and body dissatisfaction. The utility of SDT in understanding predictors of self-worth, physical evaluations, and associated concerns was supported. Moreover, this study provides preliminary evidence supporting the applicability of SDT in dance contexts.

Regard sur les lazarets en terre canadienne

PubMed Central

Milot, Jean

2008-01-01

Puisant dans les nombreuses références qu’offrent les publications médicales canadiennes du milieu du XIXe siècle à nos jours, l’auteur fait découvrir l’existence de lazarets en terre canadienne, décrit l’impact de la maladie sur les conditions vie des lépreux qui y étaient confinés et en souligne les contrecoups tant sur le plan physique et psychologique que social. Il présente un bref aperçu de la maladie, ses symptômes, ses signes ainsi que ses complications oculaires et rappelle les premiers moyens thérapeutiques à base d’huile de chaulmoogra introduits dans la colonie de Tracadie vers 1901. Il illustre son propos en évoquant la vie dans les lazarets de l’île de Sheldrake (1844–1848) et de Tracadie (1848–1965) au Nouveau-Brunswick, puis dans ceux des îles D’Arcy (1891–1924) et de Bentinck (1924–1957) en Colombie-Britannique. PMID:19352451

Moderators of the Association Between Exercise Identity and Obligatory Exercise Among Participants of an Athletic Event

PubMed Central

Karr, Trisha M.; Zunker, Christie; Thompson, Ron A.; Sherman, Roberta; Erickson, Ann; Cao, Li; Crosby, Ross D.; Mitchell, James E.

2012-01-01

Previous research has connected exercise identity with obligatory exercise, yet to date no empirical studies have identified moderator variables of this association. The current study included participants of an athletic event (full marathon, n = 582; half marathon, n = 1,106; shorter distance, n = 733) who completed questionnaires about exercise behaviors, obligatory exercise, and internalization of both the thin-ideal and athletic-ideal body shapes. General linear model analyses were conducted to examine the exercise identity-obligatory exercise relationship; moderator variables included gender, internalization of the thin-ideal body shape, and internalization of the athletic-ideal body shape. After controlling for the effects of body mass index, age, and distance group, the three-way interaction of exercise identity, gender, and internalization of the athletic-ideal body shape predicted obligatory exercise. Findings suggest that women who report high identification with exercise and high value on having an athletic physique may be vulnerable to obligatory exercise. PMID:23092850

EVALUATION OF BENZO[C]CHRYSENE DIHYDRODIOLS IN THE MORPHOLOGICAL CELL TRANSFORMATION OF MOUSE EMBRYO FIBROBLAST C3H10T1/2CL8 CELLS

EPA Science Inventory

EVALUATION OF BENZO[c]CHRYSENE DIHYDRODIOLS IN THE MORPHOLOGICAL CELL TRANSFORMATION OF MOUSE EMBRYO FIBROBLAST C3H10T?CL8 CELLS

Abstract The morphological cell transforming activities of three dihydrodiols of benzo[c]chrysene (B[c]C), trans-B[c]C-7,8-diol, trans-B[c]C-9...

Cyclin C influences the timing of mitosis in fission yeast

PubMed Central

Banyai, Gabor; Szilagyi, Zsolt; Baraznenok, Vera; Khorosjutina, Olga; Gustafsson, Claes M.

2017-01-01

The multiprotein Mediator complex is required for the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II–dependent genes. Mediator contains the Cdk8 regulatory subcomplex, which directs periodic transcription and influences cell cycle progression in fission yeast. Here we investigate the role of CycC, the cognate cyclin partner of Cdk8, in cell cycle control. Previous reports suggested that CycC interacts with other cellular Cdks, but a fusion of CycC to Cdk8 reported here did not cause any obvious cell cycle phenotypes. We find that Cdk8 and CycC interactions are stabilized within the Mediator complex and the activity of Cdk8-CycC is regulated by other Mediator components. Analysis of a mutant yeast strain reveals that CycC, together with Cdk8, primarily affects M-phase progression but mutations that release Cdk8 from CycC control also affect timing of entry into S phase. PMID:28515143

Solution Properties of Dissymmetric Sulfonate-type Anionic Gemini Surfactants.

PubMed

Yoshimura, Tomokazu; Akiba, Kazuki

2016-01-01

Dissymmetric and symmetric anionic gemini surfactants, N-alkyl-N'-alkyl-N,N'dipropanesulfonylethylenediamine (CmCnSul, where m and n represent alkyl chain lengths of m-n = 4-16, 6-14, 8-12, 10-10, and 12-12), were synthesized by two- or three-step reactions. Their physicochemical properties were characterized by equilibrium surface tension measurements, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy of pyrene, and dynamic light scattering. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the dissymmetric surfactants C4C16Sul, C6C14Sul, and C8C12Sul was slightly lower than that of the symmetric surfactant C10C10Sul. The occupied area per molecule (A) of C8C12Sul was smaller than that of C10C10Sul, indicating that C8C12Sul has a high surface activity. However, the increase in the degree of dissymmetry from C8C12Sul to C6C14Sul and then to C4C16Sul resulted in high surface tension and large A. Based on the surface tension, the standard free energies of micellization (∆G°mic) and adsorption (∆G°ads), the efficiency of surface adsorption (pC20), and the effectiveness of surface adsorption (CMC/C20) were obtained. These parameters suggested that C8C12Sul formed micelles more readily than the other surfactants. The properties determined from the surface tension indicated that C8C12Sul's ability is intermediate between those of C10C10Sul and C12C12Sul. The pyrene fluorescence and dynamic light scattering results revealed that the micelle size depends on the longer of the two alkyl chains in dissymmetric surfactants.

A general synthesis of C8-arylpurine phosphoramidites.

PubMed

Vongsutilers, Vorasit; Daft, Jonathan R; Shaughnessy, Kevin H; Gannett, Peter M

2009-09-02

A general scheme for the synthesis of C8-arylpurine phosphoramidites has been developed. C8-Arylation of C8-bromo-2'-deoxyguanosine is the key step and has been achieved through the use of a Suzuki coupling. Since the coupling reaction is conducted under aqueous conditions, it is unnecessary to protect and then deprotect the hydroxyl groups, thus saving several steps and improving overall yields. Once the C8-arylgroup is introduced, the glycosidic bond becomes very sensitive to acid catalyzed cleavage. Protection of the amino groups as the corresponding N,N-dimethylformamidine derivative improves stability of the derivatives. Synthetic C8-arylpurines were successfully used to prepare synthetic oligonucleotides.

Interfacial chemical and electronic structure of cobalt deposition on 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Menglong; Lyu, Lu; Niu, Dongmei; Zhang, Hong; Zhang, Yuhe; Liu, Peng; Gao, Yongli

2017-04-01

Interfacial chemical and electronic structure of Co deposition on 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene(C8-BTBT) was investigated by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). Chemical reaction of cobalt with C8-BTBT at the interface is confirmed by a new component of S 2s peak which is electron-rich compared to the original one of C8-BTBT molecules. Intensity evolution of the core level in XPS indicates that the adsorption of Co atoms is mainly at the surface without deeper diffusion into C8-BTBT layer. Initial deposition of Co atoms downward shifts the core levels of C8-BTBT by electron transfer from isolated Co atoms or clusters to the C8-BTBT. Further deposition of Co upward shifts the core levels of C8-BTBT because of the neutralization of the thicker metal Co film. Our investigation suggests an inert buffer layer inserted to protect organic layer from reaction or decomposition and to lower the carrier barriers for both the electron and hole to improve the performance of Co/C8-BTBT-based OFETs.

Two human homeobox genes, c1 and c8: structure analysis and expression in embryonic development.

PubMed

Simeone, A; Mavilio, F; Acampora, D; Giampaolo, A; Faiella, A; Zappavigna, V; D'Esposito, M; Pannese, M; Russo, G; Boncinelli, E

1987-07-01

Two human cDNA clones (HHO.c1.95 and HHO.c8.5111) containing a homeobox region have been characterized, and the respective genomic regions have been partially analyzed. Expression of the corresponding genes, termed c1 and c8, was evaluated in different organs and body parts during human embryonic/fetal development. HHO.c1.95 apparently encodes a 217-amino acid protein containing a class I homeodomain that shares 60 out of 61 amino acid residues with the Antennapedia homeodomain of Drosophila melanogaster. HHO.c8.5111 encodes a 153-amino acid protein containing a homeodomain identical to that of the frog AC1 gene. Clones HHO.c1 and HHO.c8 detect by blot-hydridization one and two specific polyadenylylated transcripts, respectively. These are differentially expressed in spinal cord, backbone rudiments, limb buds (or limbs), heart, and skin of human embryos and early fetuses in the 5- to 9-week postfertilization period, thus suggesting that the c1 and c8 genes play a key role in a variety of developmental processes. Together, the results of the embryonic/fetal expression of c1 and c8 and those of two previously analyzed genes (c10 and c13) indicate a coherent pattern of expression of these genes in early human ontogeny.

The cAMP analogs have potent anti-proliferative effects on medullary thyroid cancer cell lines.

PubMed

Dicitore, Alessandra; Grassi, Elisa Stellaria; Caraglia, Michele; Borghi, Maria Orietta; Gaudenzi, Germano; Hofland, Leo J; Persani, Luca; Vitale, Giovanni

2016-01-01

The oncogenic activation of the rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene has a main role in the pathogenesis of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Several lines of evidence suggest that RET function could be influenced by cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) activity. We evaluated the in vitro anti-tumor activity of 8-chloroadenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) and PKA type I-selective cAMP analogs [equimolar combination of the 8-piperidinoadenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-PIP-cAMP) and 8-hexylaminoadenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-HA-cAMP) in MTC cell lines (TT and MZ-CRC-1)]. 8-Cl-cAMP and the PKA I-selective cAMP analogs showed a potent anti-proliferative effect in both cell lines. In detail, 8-Cl-cAMP blocked significantly the transition of TT cell population from G2/M to G0/G1 phase and from G0/G1 to S phase and of MZ-CRC-1 cells from G0/G1 to S phase. Moreover, 8-Cl-cAMP induced apoptosis in both cell lines, as demonstrated by FACS analysis for annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide, the activation of caspase-3 and PARP cleavage. On the other hand, the only effect induced by PKA I-selective cAMP analogs was a delay in G0/G1-S and S-G2/M progression in TT and MZ-CRC-1 cells, respectively. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that cAMP analogs, particularly 8-Cl-cAMP, significantly suppress in vitro MTC proliferation and provide rationale for a potential clinical use of cAMP analogs in the treatment of advanced MTC.

Effect of the CYP2C8 genotype on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of repaglinide.

PubMed

Tomalik-Scharte, Dorota; Fuhr, Uwe; Hellmich, Martin; Frank, Dorothee; Doroshyenko, Oxana; Jetter, Alexander; Stingl, Julia C

2011-05-01

The pharmacokinetics of repaglinide shows pronounced interindividual variability, for which several reasons have been considered, including interactions with drugs inhibiting CYP2C8 and CYP2C8 genetic polymorphism. However, existing data on the role of genetic polymorphisms in repaglinide disposition are not fully consistent. We studied the effect of CYP2C8*3 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of repaglinide in 29 healthy whites carrying CYP2C8*3/*3 (n = 4), CYP2C8*1/*3 (n = 13), or CYP2C8*1/*1 (n = 12). After administration of a single dose of 2 mg of repaglinide, blood was drawn for assessment of repaglinide pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and urine was collected to quantify the main repaglinide metabolites M1 and M4 up to 24 h postdose. Repaglinide and the metabolites were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Considering only the effect of CYP2C8*3, the mean (95% confidence interval) area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) from zero to infinity of repaglinide was 72.4 (6.7-138.0), 97.2 (59.2-135.2), and 105.9 (52.4-159.3) ng · ml(-1) · h and the maximal concentration (C(max)) was 38.5 (3.8-73.2), 50.3 (37.5-63.0), and 60.3 (31.5-89.1) ng · ml(-1), respectively, in carriers of CYP2C8*3/*3, CYP2C8*1/*3, and CYP2C8*1/*1 [p > 0.05, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)]. In addition, for urinary metabolite excretion and pharmacodynamic parameters, i.e., mean and maximal changes in insulin and glucose concentration, no significant differences between CYP2C8 genotypes were observed. Likewise, no significant effects on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics were observed when AUC and C(max) of repaglinide were corrected for reported effects of the SLCO1B1 521T>C polymorphism or when both polymorphisms were tested in a two-way ANOVA. In conclusion, CYP2C8*3 does not seem to play an important role in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of repaglinide given in a therapeutic dose.

40 CFR 180.1250 - C8, C10, and C12 fatty acid monoesters of glycerol and propylene glycol; exemption from the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false C8, C10, and C12 fatty acid monoesters..., C10, and C12 fatty acid monoesters of glycerol and propylene glycol; exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. The C8, C10, and C12 straight-chain fatty acid monoesters of glycerol (glycerol...

40 CFR 180.1250 - C8, C10, and C12 fatty acid monoesters of glycerol and propylene glycol; exemption from the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 24 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false C8, C10, and C12 fatty acid monoesters..., C10, and C12 fatty acid monoesters of glycerol and propylene glycol; exemption from the requirement of a tolerance. The C8, C10, and C12 straight-chain fatty acid monoesters of glycerol (glycerol...

Halocin C8: an antimicrobial peptide distributed among four halophilic archaeal genera: Natrinema, Haloterrigena, Haloferax, and Halobacterium.

PubMed

Besse, Alison; Vandervennet, Manon; Goulard, Christophe; Peduzzi, Jean; Isaac, Stéphanie; Rebuffat, Sylvie; Carré-Mlouka, Alyssa

2017-05-01

Halophilic archaea thrive in hypersaline ecosystems and produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) named halocins. AMPs are essential effectors of microbial interactions in natural ecosystems. Halocin C8 is a 7.4 kDa peptide produced by Natrinema sp. AS7092. Surrounded by genes involved in regulation and transport, the halC8 gene encodes a precursor, processed into the mature halocin and an immunity protein, protecting the producing strain against its halocin. This feature constitutes a unique property of halocin C8, as known AMPs and their immunity proteins are generally encoded on distinct ORFs in an operon. By complementary in silico and PCR-based approaches, the presence of halC8 in halophilic archaea collected from various parts of the world was evidenced. The full-length halC8 gene is restricted and consistently found in the genomes of strains belonging to the phylogenetically related genera Natrinema and Haloterrigena, along with transport and regulation genes. Functional expression of halC8 was demonstrated by RT-PCR and antimicrobial assays. Active halocin C8 was shown to contain five disulphide bridges, presumably conferring a compact structure resistant to harsh environmental conditions. In other archaeal genera, Haloferax and Halobacterium, genes encoding halocin C8 with diverging immunity protein moiety were evidenced. A phylogenetic analysis of halocin C8 sequences was conducted.

Global variation in CYP2C8–CYP2C9 functional haplotypes

PubMed Central

Speed, William C; Kang, Soonmo Peter; Tuck, David P; Harris, Lyndsay N; Kidd, Kenneth K

2009-01-01

We have studied the global frequency distributions of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 132 kb of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 in ∼2500 individuals representing 45 populations. Five of the SNPs were in noncoding sequences; the other five involved the more common missense variants (four in CYP2C8, one in CYP2C9) that change amino acids in the gene products. One haplotype containing two CYP2C8 coding variants and one CYP2C9 coding variant reaches an average frequency of 10% in Europe; a set of haplotypes with a different CYP2C8 coding variant reaches 17% in Africa. In both cases these haplotypes are found in other regions of the world at <1%. This considerable geographic variation in haplotype frequencies impacts the interpretation of CYP2C8/CYP2C9 association studies, and has pharmacogenomic implications for drug interactions. PMID:19381162

40 CFR 721.10022 - Benzenamine, N-phenyl-, ar′-(C9-rich C8-10-branched alkyl) derivs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Significant New Uses for Specific Chemical Substances § 721.10022 Benzenamine, N-phenyl-, ar′-(C9-rich C8-10... chemical substance identified as benzenamine, N-phenyl-, ar′-(C9-rich C8-10-branched alkyl) derivs (PMN P...

Homologous species restriction of the complement-mediated killing of nucleated cells.

PubMed Central

Yamamoto, H; Blaas, P; Nicholson-Weller, A; Hänsch, G M

1990-01-01

The homologous restriction of complement (C) lysis is attributed to membrane proteins: decay-accelerating factor (DAF), C8 binding protein (C8bp) and P18/CD59. Since these proteins are also expressed on peripheral blood cells, species restriction was tested for in the complement-mediated killing of antibody-coated human leucocytes by human or rabbit complement. Killing was more efficient when rabbit complement was used. Preincubation of cells with an antibody to DAF abolished the difference. When C1-7 sites were first attached to the cells and either rabbit or human C8, C9 were added, the killing of monocytes and lymphocytes was equally efficient; only in polymorphonuclear neutrophils was a higher efficiency of rabbit C8, C9 seen. Thus, in contrast to haemolysis, restriction occurred predominantly at the C3 level and the action of the terminal complement components was not inhibited. Since C8bp isolated from peripheral blood cells showed essentially similar characteristics as the erythrocyte-derived C8bp, the failure of C8bp to inhibit the action of the terminal components on nucleated cells might reflect differences of the complement membrane interactions between erythrocytes or nucleated cells, respectively. Images Figure 5 PMID:1697561

Electronic Structures and Nanofilm Growth of 2,7-Dioctyl[1]Benzothieno[3,2-b]Benzothiophene on Black Phosphorus.

PubMed

Wei, Xuhui; Wang, Shitan; Wang, Can; Zhu, Menglong; Zhao, Yuan; Xie, Haipeng; Niu, Dongmei; Gao, Yongli

2018-06-01

The interfacial electronic structure and morphology of nanofilm of 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT) on black phosphorus (BP) was investigated with photoemission spectroscopy (PES) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The heterojunction of C8-BTBT/BP is a straddling one with a hole injection barrier of 1.41 eV and electron injection barrier of 2.43 eV from BP to C8-BTBT. There is a 0.18 eV interface dipole pointing from BP to C8-BTBT, which means a relative weak interaction of substrate BP and the C8-BTBT molecules. Volmer-Weber growth mode of C8-BTBT nanofilm on BP was confirmed and the C8-BTBT molecules adopt standing up configuration.

Synthesis of [11C]Am80 via Novel Pd(0)-Mediated Rapid [11C]Carbonylation Using Arylboronate and [11C]Carbon Monoxide

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

11C-labeled methylbenzoates [11C]4a–d were synthesized using Pd(0)-mediated rapid cross-coupling reactions employing [11C]carbon monoxide and arylboronic acid neopentyl glycol esters 3a–d under atmospheric pressure in methanol–dimethylformamide (MeOH–DMF), in radiochemical yields of 12 ± 5–26 ± 13% (decay-corrected based on [11C]O). The reaction conditions were highly favorable for the synthesis of [11C]Am80 ([11C]2) and [11C]methyl 4-((5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)carbamoyl)benzoate ([11C]2-Me) using 4-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl)-N-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)benzamide (5), both of which produced a decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY) of 26 ± 13%, with >99% radiochemical purity and an average specific radioactivity of 44 GBq/μmol. The yields of [11C]4a, [11C]2-Me, and [11C]2 were improved by the use of a 2-fold excess of the solvents and reagents under the same conditions to give respective yields of 66 ± 8, 65 ± 7, and 48 ± 2%. PMID:24900383

Synthesis of [(11)C]Am80 via Novel Pd(0)-Mediated Rapid [(11)C]Carbonylation Using Arylboronate and [(11)C]Carbon Monoxide.

PubMed

Takashima-Hirano, Misato; Ishii, Hideki; Suzuki, Masaaki

2012-10-11

(11)C-labeled methylbenzoates [(11)C]4a-d were synthesized using Pd(0)-mediated rapid cross-coupling reactions employing [(11)C]carbon monoxide and arylboronic acid neopentyl glycol esters 3a-d under atmospheric pressure in methanol-dimethylformamide (MeOH-DMF), in radiochemical yields of 12 ± 5-26 ± 13% (decay-corrected based on [(11)C]O). The reaction conditions were highly favorable for the synthesis of [(11)C]Am80 ([(11)C]2) and [(11)C]methyl 4-((5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)carbamoyl)benzoate ([(11)C]2-Me) using 4-(5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl)-N-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)benzamide (5), both of which produced a decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY) of 26 ± 13%, with >99% radiochemical purity and an average specific radioactivity of 44 GBq/μmol. The yields of [(11)C]4a, [(11)C]2-Me, and [(11)C]2 were improved by the use of a 2-fold excess of the solvents and reagents under the same conditions to give respective yields of 66 ± 8, 65 ± 7, and 48 ± 2%.

15 CFR 8c.60 - Communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Communications. 8c.60 Section 8c.60 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce ENFORCEMENT OF NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF HANDICAP IN PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE § 8c.60...

Screening and identification of human ZnT8-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) from type 1 diabetes phage display library.

PubMed

Wu, Qian; Wang, Xiaodong; Gu, Yong; Zhang, Xiao; Qin, Yao; Chen, Heng; Xu, Xinyu; Yang, Tao; Zhang, Mei

2016-07-01

Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is a major autoantigen and a predictive marker in type 1 diabetes (T1D). To investigate ZnT8-specific antibodies, a phage display library from T1D was constructed and single-chain antibodies against ZnT8 were screened and identified. Human T1D single-chain variable fragment (scFv) phage display library consists of approximately 1×10(8) clones. After four rounds of bio-panning, seven unique clones were positive by phage ELISA. Among them, C27 and C22, which demonstrated the highest affinity to ZnT8, were expressed in Escherichia coli Top10F' and then purified by affinity chromatography. C27 and C22 specifically bound ZnT8 N/C fusion protein and ZnT8 C terminal dimer with one Arg325Trp mutation. The specificity to human islet cells of these scFvs were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, we have successfully constructed a T1D phage display antibody library and identified two ZnT8-specific scFv clones, C27 and C22. These ZnT8-specific scFvs are potential agents in immunodiagnostic and immunotherapy of T1D.

40 CFR 52.2520 - Identification of plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Pretest and Post Test General Requirements 8/31/00 8/11/03; 68 FR 47473 (c)(56). Section 8 Heat Input Data... CSR 2 AppendixCompliance Test Procedures for 45 CSR 2 Section 1 General 8/31/00 8/11/03; 68 FR 47473 (c)(56). Section 3 Symbols 8/31/00 8/11/03; 68 FR 47473 (c)(56). Section 4 Adoption of Test Methods 8...