Sensory aspects of drinking water in contact with epoxy lined copper pipe.

PubMed

Heim, T H; Dietrich, A M

2007-01-01

Pipe relining via in situ epoxy lining is used to remediate corroded plumbing or distribution systems. This investigation examined the effects on odour, TOC, THM formation and disinfectant demand in water exposed to epoxy-lined copper pipes used for home plumbing. The study was conducted in accordance with the Utility Quick Test, a migration/leaching method for utilities to conduct sensory analysis of materials in contact with drinking water. The test was performed using water with no disinfectant and levels of chlorine and monochloramines representative of those found in the distribution system. Panelists repeatedly and consistently described a "plastic/adhesive/putty" odour in the water from the pipes. The odour intensity remained relatively constant for each of two subsequent flushes. Water samples stored in the epoxy-lined pipes showed a significant increase in the leaching of organic compounds (as TOC), and this TOC was demonstrated to react with free chlorine to form trichloromethane. Water stored in the pipes also showed a marked increase in disinfectant demand relative to the water stored in glass control flasks. A study conducted at a full scale installation at an apartment demonstrated that after installation and regular use, the epoxy lining did not yield detectable differences in water quality.

Boring in the Big City - part 2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Giuliani, A.J.

This paper describes technologies being utilized or tested by Brooklyn Union for gas main installation. Trenchless technologies described include pipe splitting, key holes to minimize excavations, and boring. Areas in lining system technology which require further development by vendors and manufacturers of trenchless equipment are also addressed. Specific needs identified include: (1) improving instrumentation for locating and controlling underground boring; (2) repairing soft and hard lining systems; and (3) developing a window cutter to safely remove the old carrier pipes without damaging the newly fitted internal plastic pipes.

Mineralogical Evidence of Galvanic Corrosion in Domestic, Drinking Water Pipes

EPA Science Inventory

Drinking water distribution system (DWDS) piping contains numerous examples of galvanically-coupled metals (e.g., soldered copper pipe joints, copper-lead pipes joined during partial replacements of lead service lines). The possible role of galvanic corrosion in the release of l...

Fluid Transient Analysis during Priming of Evacuated Line

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bandyopadhyay, Alak; Majumdar, Alok K.; Holt, Kimberley

2017-01-01

Water hammer analysis in pipe lines, in particularly during priming into evacuated lines is important for the design of spacecraft and other in-space application. In the current study, a finite volume network flow analysis code is used for modeling three different geometrical configurations: the first two being straight pipe, one with atmospheric air and other with evacuated line, and the third case is a representation of a complex flow network system. The numerical results show very good agreement qualitatively and quantitatively with measured data available in the literature. The peak pressure and impact time in case of straight pipe priming in evacuated line shows excellent agreement.

46 CFR 56.50-20 - Pressure relief piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND... authorized by the Marine Safety Center. (b) Discharge lines (reproduces 122.6.2(d)). Discharge lines from pressure-relieving safety devices shall be designed to facilitate drainage. (c) Stop valves. Stop valves...

46 CFR 56.50-20 - Pressure relief piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND... authorized by the Marine Safety Center. (b) Discharge lines (reproduces 122.6.2(d)). Discharge lines from pressure-relieving safety devices shall be designed to facilitate drainage. (c) Stop valves. Stop valves...

Sonic limitations and startup problems of heat pipes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deverall, J. E.; Kemme, J. E.; Florschuetz, L. W.

1972-01-01

Introduction of small amounts of inert, noncombustible gas aids startup in certain types of heat pipes. When the heat pipe is closely coupled to the heat sink, the startup system must be designed to bring the heat sink on-line slowly.

Detail exterior view looking north showing piping system adjacent to ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Detail exterior view looking north showing piping system adjacent to engine house. Gas cooling system is on far right. - Burnsville Natural Gas Pumping Station, Saratoga Avenue between Little Kanawha River & C&O Railroad line, Burnsville, Braxton County, WV

40 CFR 60.481a - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter concludes on the last day of the... means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a pipe line and a..., separating the compressor cylinder from the crankcase. Double block and bleed system means two block valves...

40 CFR 60.481a - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter concludes on the last day of the... means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a pipe line and a..., separating the compressor cylinder from the crankcase. Double block and bleed system means two block valves...

40 CFR 60.481a - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter concludes on the last day of the... means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a pipe line and a..., separating the compressor cylinder from the crankcase. Double block and bleed system means two block valves...

40 CFR 60.481a - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter concludes on the last day of the... means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a pipe line and a..., separating the compressor cylinder from the crankcase. Double block and bleed system means two block valves...

40 CFR 60.481a - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter concludes on the last day of the... means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a pipe line and a..., separating the compressor cylinder from the crankcase. Double block and bleed system means two block valves...

77 FR 30522 - Sunoco Pipeline L.P., West Texas Gulf Pipe Line Company, Mobil Pipe Line Company; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-23

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. OR12-16-000] Sunoco Pipeline L.P., West Texas Gulf Pipe Line Company, Mobil Pipe Line Company; Notice of Petition for Declartaory... Company, and Mobil Pipe Line Company (collectively, Petitioners) filed a petition for a declaratory order...

Cost of Water Distribution System Infrastructure Rehabilitation, Repair, and Replacement.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-03-01

terms of the Hazen-Williams C-factor. New pipes have C-factors on the order of 140. Severely tuberculated pipes can have C-factors as low as 40. The C... tuberculation , and significantly higher pressures being required to push a pig through a small opening. Unit costs level off above the 10-in. diam and...additional costs of lining. Lining the pipe will: (a) prevent reoccurrence of tuberculation , (b) seal small leaks, and (c) eliminate "red - water" problems

4 Metre diameter penstock construction for the Raymond Reservoir Hydro Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Miller, H.D.; Alexander, M.

1995-12-31

A four metre diameter 770 m long buried steel penstock was constructed for the 20 MW Raymond Reservoir Hydro Project in southern Alberta. The penstock delivers up to 56.7 m{sup 3}/sec of irrigation water at an effective head of 44 m to a 2.6 m diameter Kaplan turbine. The hydro facility was commissioned in the spring of 1994. The steel pipe was delivered to the site in 18 m long sections from a fabrication plant located 250 km away. Specialized equipment was engineered and constructed to externally coat and internally line the pipe sections on site. The pipe sections, weighingmore » from 27,000 to 30,000 kg, were rolled and moved on a specially built lathe during the external sandblasting and tape wrapping operation. The external tape wrapping is one element of the cathodic protection system for the steel pipe. Specialized equipment was modified to sandblast the interior to white metal and then mechanically apply three coats of internal epoxy lining. The internal lining improves the hydraulic characteristics of the pipe in addition to protecting the pipe from corrosion. This innovative approach to coating and lining the pipe resulted in an exceptionally high quality product at an affordable cost.« less

Construction integrity assessment report (ETN-98-0005) S-Farm overground transfer (OGT) system valve pit 241-S-B to valve pit 241-S-D

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

HICKS, D.F.

1999-08-12

The S-Farm overground transfer (OGT) line will bypass the existing line(s), between valve pits 241-S-B and 241-S-D that no longer meet system requirements. The new OGT line will provide a waste transfer pipeline between these valve pits in support of saltwell pumping activities. The length of the OGT line is approximately 180 ft from pit to pit. The primary pipe is nominal 1-in. diameter stainless steel (SST) braided Ethylene-propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) hose. The encasement pipe is a nominal 3-in., flanged, SST pipe made up of several different length pipe spool pieces (drawing H-2-829564, sh. 1 and sh. 2). Themore » OGT line slopes from valve pit 241-S-B toward valve pit 241-S-D. At each end, the primary and encasement pipe connect to a pit entry spool piece. The pit entry spool pieces are constructed of prefabricated SST materials. These spool pieces allow for the separation of the primary and encasement pipelines after the pipes have entered the valve pits (drawing H-2-818280, sh. 2). The pit entry spool pieces also allow for leak detection of the encasement pipe at each end (drawing H-2-829564, sh. 2). The OGT encasement pipeline is supported above ground by adjustable height unistrut brackets and precast concrete bases (drawing H-2-829654, sh. 1). The pipeline is heat-traced and insulated. The heat tracing and insulation supply and retain latent heat that prevents waste solidification during transfers and provides freeze protection. The total length of the pipeline is above ground, thereby negating the need for cathodic corrosion protection. This Construction Integrity Assessment Report (CIAR) is prepared by Fluor Daniel Northwest for Numatec Hanford Corporation/Lockheed Martin Hanford Corporation, the operations contractor, and the U. S. Department of Energy, the system owner. The CIAR is intended to verify that construction was performed in accordance with the provisions of Washington Administrative Code, WAC-173-303-640 (3) (c), (e), (f) and (h).« less

Dual Tank Fuel System

DOEpatents

Wagner, Richard William; Burkhard, James Frank; Dauer, Kenneth John

1999-11-16

A dual tank fuel system has primary and secondary fuel tanks, with the primary tank including a filler pipe to receive fuel and a discharge line to deliver fuel to an engine, and with a balance pipe interconnecting the primary tank and the secondary tank. The balance pipe opens close to the bottom of each tank to direct fuel from the primary tank to the secondary tank as the primary tank is filled, and to direct fuel from the secondary tank to the primary tank as fuel is discharged from the primary tank through the discharge line. A vent line has branches connected to each tank to direct fuel vapor from the tanks as the tanks are filled, and to admit air to the tanks as fuel is delivered to the engine.

78 FR 41369 - Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe From Romania...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-10

... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe From Romania: Preliminary Results of..., line and pressure pipe (small diameter seamless pipe) from Romania. The period of review (POR) is... and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe from Romania,'' dated concurrently with this...

Convective Mixing in Distal Pipes Exacerbates Legionella pneumophila Growth in Hot Water Plumbing.

PubMed

Rhoads, William J; Pruden, Amy; Edwards, Marc A

2016-03-12

Legionella pneumophila is known to proliferate in hot water plumbing systems, but little is known about the specific physicochemical factors that contribute to its regrowth. Here, L. pneumophila trends were examined in controlled, replicated pilot-scale hot water systems with continuous recirculation lines subject to two water heater settings (40 °C and 58 °C) and three distal tap water use frequencies (high, medium, and low) with two pipe configurations (oriented upward to promote convective mixing with the recirculating line and downward to prevent it). Water heater temperature setting determined where L. pneumophila regrowth occurred in each system, with an increase of up to 4.4 log gene copies/mL in the 40 °C system tank and recirculating line relative to influent water compared to only 2.5 log gene copies/mL regrowth in the 58 °C system. Distal pipes without convective mixing cooled to room temperature (23-24 °C) during periods of no water use, but pipes with convective mixing equilibrated to 30.5 °C in the 40 °C system and 38.8 °C in the 58 °C system. Corresponding with known temperature effects on L. pneumophila growth and enhanced delivery of nutrients, distal pipes with convective mixing had on average 0.2 log more gene copies/mL in the 40 °C system and 0.8 log more gene copies/mL in the 58 °C system. Importantly, this work demonstrated the potential for thermal control strategies to be undermined by distal taps in general, and convective mixing in particular.

Shock wave absorber having a deformable liner

DOEpatents

Youngdahl, C.K.; Wiedermann, A.H.; Shin, Y.W.; Kot, C.A.; Ockert, C.E.

1983-08-26

This invention discloses a shock wave absorber for a piping system carrying liquid. The absorber has a plastically deformable liner defining the normal flow boundary for an axial segment of the piping system, and a nondeformable housing is spaced outwardly from the liner so as to define a gas-tight space therebetween. The flow capacity of the liner generally corresponds to the flow capacity of the piping system line, but the liner has a noncircular cross section and extends axially of the piping system line a distance between one and twenty times the diameter thereof. Gas pressurizes the gas-tight space equal to the normal liquid pressure in the piping system. The liner has sufficient structural capacity to withstand between one and one-half and two times this normal liquid pressures; but at greater pressures it begins to plastically deform initially with respect to shape to a more circular cross section, and then with respect to material extension by circumferentially stretching the wall of the liner. A high energy shock wave passing through the liner thus plastically deforms the liner radially into the gas space and progressively also as needed in the axial direction of the shock wave to minimize transmission of the shock wave beyond the absorber.

46 CFR 56.50-70 - Gasoline fuel systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

.... (1) Fuel supply piping to the engines shall be of seamless drawn annealed copper pipe or tubing... sharp edges. Where passing through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel lines shall be protected by close...

46 CFR 56.50-70 - Gasoline fuel systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

.... (1) Fuel supply piping to the engines shall be of seamless drawn annealed copper pipe or tubing... sharp edges. Where passing through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel lines shall be protected by close...

46 CFR 56.50-70 - Gasoline fuel systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

.... (1) Fuel supply piping to the engines shall be of seamless drawn annealed copper pipe or tubing... sharp edges. Where passing through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel lines shall be protected by close...

46 CFR 56.50-70 - Gasoline fuel systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

.... (1) Fuel supply piping to the engines shall be of seamless drawn annealed copper pipe or tubing... sharp edges. Where passing through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel lines shall be protected by close...

46 CFR 56.50-70 - Gasoline fuel systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... (1) Fuel supply piping to the engines shall be of seamless drawn annealed copper pipe or tubing... sharp edges. Where passing through steel decks or bulkheads, fuel lines shall be protected by close...

78 FR 10134 - Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan: Final Results of the Expedited Second Sunset Review...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-13

... Pipe From Japan: Final Results of the Expedited Second Sunset Review of the Antidumping Duty Order... antidumping duty order on welded large diameter line pipe (line pipe) from Japan pursuant to section 751(c) of... Department initiated the sunset review of the antidumping duty order on line pipe from Japan pursuant to...

Identification And Distribution Of Vanadinite (Pb5(V5+O4)3Cl) In Lead Pipe Corrosion By-Products

EPA Science Inventory

This study presents the first detailed look at vanadium (V) speciation in drinking water pipe corrosion scales. A pool of 34 scale layers from 15 lead or lead-lined pipes representing eight different municipal drinking water distribution systems in the Northeastern and Midwester...

76 FR 9608 - Certain Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Mexico

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-18

... Large Diameter Line Pipe From Mexico AGENCY: United States International Trade Commission. ACTION... duty order on certain welded large diameter line pipe from Mexico. For further information concerning... welded large diameter line pipe from Mexico would not be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of...

Convective Mixing in Distal Pipes Exacerbates Legionella pneumophila Growth in Hot Water Plumbing

PubMed Central

Rhoads, William J.; Pruden, Amy; Edwards, Marc A.

2016-01-01

Legionella pneumophila is known to proliferate in hot water plumbing systems, but little is known about the specific physicochemical factors that contribute to its regrowth. Here, L. pneumophila trends were examined in controlled, replicated pilot-scale hot water systems with continuous recirculation lines subject to two water heater settings (40 °C and 58 °C) and three distal tap water use frequencies (high, medium, and low) with two pipe configurations (oriented upward to promote convective mixing with the recirculating line and downward to prevent it). Water heater temperature setting determined where L. pneumophila regrowth occurred in each system, with an increase of up to 4.4 log gene copies/mL in the 40 °C system tank and recirculating line relative to influent water compared to only 2.5 log gene copies/mL regrowth in the 58 °C system. Distal pipes without convective mixing cooled to room temperature (23–24 °C) during periods of no water use, but pipes with convective mixing equilibrated to 30.5 °C in the 40 °C system and 38.8 °C in the 58 °C system. Corresponding with known temperature effects on L. pneumophila growth and enhanced delivery of nutrients, distal pipes with convective mixing had on average 0.2 log more gene copies/mL in the 40 °C system and 0.8 log more gene copies/mL in the 58 °C system. Importantly, this work demonstrated the potential for thermal control strategies to be undermined by distal taps in general, and convective mixing in particular. PMID:26985908

46 CFR 32.50-15 - Cargo piping on tank vessels constructed on or after July 1, 1951-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) Except for the carriage of animal fats and vegetable oils, the system has a closure which forms a vapor... vegetable oils, the system has a metallic drop line which complies with 46 CFR 153.282. (3) Cargo piping...

46 CFR 32.50-15 - Cargo piping on tank vessels constructed on or after July 1, 1951-TB/ALL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) Except for the carriage of animal fats and vegetable oils, the system has a closure which forms a vapor... vegetable oils, the system has a metallic drop line which complies with 46 CFR 153.282. (3) Cargo piping...

75 FR 69052 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-10

... seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe (``seamless pipe'') from the People's... seamless pipe from the PRC. See Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe..., and its negative determination of critical circumstances. See Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel...

46 CFR 182.510 - Bilge piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... feet) in length must be not less than 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) nominal pipe size. A bilge suction... meters (26 feet) in length must be provided with individual bilge lines and bilge suctions for each... provided. (b) A bilge pipe in a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must be not less...

46 CFR 182.510 - Bilge piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... feet) in length must be not less than 40 millimeters (1.5 inches) nominal pipe size. A bilge suction... meters (26 feet) in length must be provided with individual bilge lines and bilge suctions for each... provided. (b) A bilge pipe in a vessel of not more than 19.8 meters (65 feet) in length must be not less...

49 CFR 179.400-17 - Inner tank piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... vapor space of the inner tank to facilitate unloading the liquid lading must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-17 Inner tank piping. (a) Product lines. The piping system for vapor and liquid phase transfer and venting must be made for...

49 CFR 179.400-17 - Inner tank piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... vapor space of the inner tank to facilitate unloading the liquid lading must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-17 Inner tank piping. (a) Product lines. The piping system for vapor and liquid phase transfer and venting must be made for...

49 CFR 179.400-17 - Inner tank piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... vapor space of the inner tank to facilitate unloading the liquid lading must be approved. [Amdt. 179-32... Liquid Tank Car Tanks and Seamless Steel Tanks (Classes DOT-113 and 107A) § 179.400-17 Inner tank piping. (a) Product lines. The piping system for vapor and liquid phase transfer and venting must be made for...

78 FR 60897 - Certain Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-02

... Diameter Line Pipe From Japan Determination On the basis of the record \\1\\ developed in the subject five... order on certain welded large diameter line pipe from Japan would likely to lead to continuation or... Line Pipe from Japan: Investigation No. 731-TA-919 (Second Review). By order of the Commission. Issued...

77 FR 30260 - Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan: Notice of Rescission of Antidumping Duty...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-22

... Administration [A-588-857] Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan: Notice of Rescission of Antidumping Duty... Japan. The review covers five producers/exporters of welded large diameter line pipe from Japan, which... diameter line pipe from Japan for the period December 1, 2010, through November 30, 2011. See Antidumping...

Microbial Community Profile of a Lead Service Line Removed from a Drinking Water Distribution System

EPA Science Inventory

A corroded lead water pipe was removed from a drinking water distribution system and the microbial community was profiled using 16S rDNA techniques. This is the first report of the characterization of biofilm on a surface of a corroded lead drinking water pipe. The majority of ...

78 FR 12784 - Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan; Scheduling of a Full Five-Year Review Concerning the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-25

... Diameter Line Pipe From Japan; Scheduling of a Full Five-Year Review Concerning the Antidumping Duty Order on Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan AGENCY: United States International Trade Commission... revocation of the antidumping duty order on welded large diameter line pipe from Japan would be likely to...

Detection of underground water distribution piping system and leakages using ground penetrating radar (GPR)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amran, Tengku Sarah Tengku; Ismail, Mohamad Pauzi; Ahmad, Mohamad Ridzuan; Amin, Mohamad Syafiq Mohd; Sani, Suhairy; Masenwat, Noor Azreen; Ismail, Mohd Azmi; Hamid, Shu-Hazri Abdul

2017-01-01

A water pipe is any pipe or tubes designed to transport and deliver water or treated drinking with appropriate quality, quantity and pressure to consumers. The varieties include large diameter main pipes, which supply entire towns, smaller branch lines that supply a street or group of buildings or small diameter pipes located within individual buildings. This distribution system (underground) is used to describe collectively the facilities used to supply water from its source to the point of usage. Therefore, a leaking in the underground water distribution piping system increases the likelihood of safe water leaving the source or treatment facility becoming contaminated before reaching the consumer. Most importantly, leaking can result in wastage of water which is precious natural resources. Furthermore, they create substantial damage to the transportation system and structure within urban and suburban environments. This paper presents a study on the possibility of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) with frequency of 1GHz to detect pipes and leakages in underground water distribution piping system. Series of laboratory experiment was designed to investigate the capability and efficiency of GPR in detecting underground pipes (metal and PVC) and water leakages. The data was divided into two parts: 1. detecting/locating underground water pipe, 2. detecting leakage of underground water pipe. Despite its simplicity, the attained data is proved to generate a satisfactory result indicating GPR is capable and efficient, in which it is able to detect the underground pipe and presence of leak of the underground pipe.

75 FR 62525 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

.... Docket Numbers: RP10-1400-000. Applicants: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company. Description: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company submits tariff filing per 154.203: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company Baseline FERC Gas Tariff...

75 FR 38989 - Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan: Notice of Rescission of Antidumping Duty...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-07

... Pipe From Japan: Notice of Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review AGENCY: Import... antidumping duty order on welded large diameter line pipe from Japan. The review covers 4 producers/exporters of welded large diameter line pipe from Japan, which are, JFE Steel Corporation, Nippon Steel...

Gaskets of teflon-bonded EPDM halt leakage from acid lines - low sealing force design eliminates flange distress

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Walker, I.S.; Gaines, A.

1987-11-01

The W.R. Grace Chemical Division plant in Lake Charles, LA had to stop producing catalysts for the oil refining industry whenever a piping system for 98% sulfuric acid developed a leak. Gaskets of a nonasbestos material were being used between the flanges of the steel pipe lined with TFE or polypropylene. The flange bolts were kept tight, but the gaskets usually failed to maintain a leaktight seal with the acid at 60 psi for more than a few weeks or months. The acid lines had to be drained before the faulty gasket could be replaced, and production downtime would rangemore » from one to three hours. In July 1986, the plant decided to try a chemical resistant gasket of Teflon molded and bonded to a core of Shore A 65-66 durometer EPDM rubber in the acid lines. The resilient gasket also has patented double convex rings on both faces for optimum sealing with only one-eighth the bolt tightening torque commonly required with flat-faced gaskets. The low sealing force requirement prolongs the life of the gasket, eliminates plastic cold flow at the flange of lined steel pipe, and avoids stresses that can damage thermoplastic and fiberglass piping systems. The gasket has a temperature range of {minus}4 to 210{degree}F and is available in 1/2 through 12 inch sizes that conform to ANSI B16.1 flange dimensions. Alternative gasket materials are Kynar PVDF-bonded EPDM and EPDM without a fluoropolymer laminate. The Teflon-bonded EPDM gaskets eliminated unscheduled catalyst production downtime due to leakage from the sulfuric acid piping system. The plant maintains an inventory of the low torque gasket, but has never had to replace any that have been in service since July 1986.« less

77 FR 43806 - Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's Republic of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-26

... duty order on seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe from the People's... the antidumping duty order on seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe from... Making Co., Ltd.; Wuxi Seamless Special Pipe Co., Ltd.; Wuxi Sifang Steel Tube Co., Ltd.; Wuxi Zhenda...

78 FR 41366 - Certain Large Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe (Over 4 1/2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-10

... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe (Over 4 \\1/2\\ Inches) From Japan: Preliminary... seamless standard, line, and pressure pipe (over 4 \\1/2\\ inches) (large diameter seamless pipe) from Japan.../exporters of subject merchandise, Canadian Natural Resources Limited (CNRL), JFE Steel Corporation (JFE...

75 FR 13255 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe from the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-19

... seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe (``seamless pipe'') from the People's... countervailing duty investigations of seamless pipe from the PRC. See Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel... Investigation, 74 FR 52744 (October 14, 2009) and Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and...

76 FR 60083 - Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan and Romania

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-28

... Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan and Romania Determinations On the basis of... pressure pipe from Japan and Romania would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material... Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe from Japan and Romania: Investigation Nos. 731-TA-847 and 849...

Fabrication of cylindrical micro-parts using synchronous rotary scan-projection lithography and chemical etching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ito, Kaiki; Suzuki, Yuta; Horiuchi, Toshiyuki

2017-07-01

Lithographical patterning on the surface of a fine pipe with a thin wall is required for fabricating three-dimensional micro-parts. For this reason, a new exposure system for printing patterns on a cylindrical pipe by synchronous rotary scan-projection exposure was developed. Using the exposure system, stent-like resist patterns with a width of 251 μm were printed on a surface of stainless-steel pipe with an outer diameter of 2 mm. The exposure time was 30 s. Next, the patterned pipe was chemically etched. As a result, a stent-like mesh pipe with a line width of 230 μm was fabricated. It was demonstrated that the new method had a potential to be applied to fabrications of stent and other cylindrical micro-parts.

33 CFR 157.12d - Technical specifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... section. The sampling probes located in the overboard discharge lines and the piping system connecting the sampling probes to the oil content meter must meet the requirements of this paragraph. (2) The piping and probes must be— (i) Of a material resistant to fire, corrosion, and oil; and (ii) Of adequate strength...

Mediterranean report/heated pipeline offloads tankers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1979-08-01

The first heated submarine pipeline in Europe, according to Anonima Petroli Italiana, is now in operation from their Falconara Refinery near Ancona, Italy, to an existing offshore loading facility. The 3850 m long, 24 inch wide line, laid on the seabottom at 3-14 m depths, was built to offload high pour/high viscosity crudes requiring a minimum constant discharge temperature of 45-65 C. Four 3.5 mm heating pipes (three operating and one spare) were stretch-welded to the outside of the line at 45 degree angles to each other; they are heated at about 100 m/m by a parasitic current formed onmore » the pipe while 1500 volt current is passed through a cable inside the pipe. The heating system is equipped with an electric feeding installation, automatic power regulation, and remote sensors applied along the sea line. The heating pipes were protected with a coat of epoxy tar paint, a 50 mm thick and 70 kg/cm dense sprayed-on urethane foam coat, a sheath of butyric elastomer covered with an adhering 3 mm coat of polyethylene, and a concrete coat for protection and weighting. Specially designed water stops were placed at both ends of every line section under the waterproofing. Industria Construzioni Opere Publiche prefabricated the line on shore and laid it from shore.« less

75 FR 26273 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From China

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-11

... certain seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe (``seamless SLP pipe... China of seamless SLP pipe, and that such products are being sold in the United States at less than fair...

75 FR 69125 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From China

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-10

... standard, line, and pressure pipe (``seamless SLP pipe''), provided for in subheadings 7304.19.10, 7304.19... Charlotte R. Lane determines that the domestic seamless SLP pipe industry is materially injured by reason of... notification of preliminary determinations by Commerce that imports of seamless SLP pipe from China were...

Microbiological corrosion of ASTM SA105 carbon steel pipe for industrial fire water usage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chidambaram, S.; Ashok, K.; Karthik, V.; Venkatakrishnan, P. G.

2018-02-01

The large number of metallic systems developed for last few decades against both general uniform corrosion and localized corrosion. Among all microbiological induced corrosion (MIC) is attractive, multidisciplinary and complex in nature. Many chemical processing industries utilizes fresh water for fire service to nullify major/minor fire. One such fire water service line pipe attacked by micro-organisms leads to leakage which is industrially important from safety point of view. Also large numbers of leakage reported in similar fire water service of nearby food processing plant, paper & pulp plant, steel plant, electricity board etc…In present investigation one such industrial fire water service line failure analysis of carbon steel line pipe was analyzed to determine the cause of failure. The water sample subjected to various chemical and bacterial analyses. Turbidity, pH, calcium hardness, free chlorine, oxidation reduction potential, fungi, yeasts, sulphide reducing bacteria (SRB) and total bacteria (TB) were measured on water sample analysis. The corrosion rate was measured on steel samples and corrosion coupon measurements were installed in fire water for validating non flow assisted localized corrosion. The sulphide reducing bacteria (SRB) presents in fire water causes a localized micro biological corrosion attack of line pipe.

76 FR 44608 - Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan and Romania; Scheduling of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-26

... Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan and Romania; Scheduling of Expedited Five-Year Reviews Concerning the Antidumping Duty Orders on Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and... the antidumping duty orders on carbon and alloy seamless standard, line, and pressure pipe from Japan...

75 FR 18153 - Certain Large Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan: Extension of Time Limit for... review of the antidumping duty order on certain large diameter carbon and alloy seamless standard, line... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe from Japan: Extension of Time Limit for...

Inexpensive cryogenic insulation replaces vacuum jacketed line

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fuchs, C. E.

1967-01-01

Commercially available aluminized Mylar, cork and fiber glass form a multilayered sealed system and provide rugged and economical field installed insulation for cryogenic /liquid nitrogen or oxygen/ pipe lines in an exposed environment.

Water-hammer pressure waves interaction at cross-section changes in series in viscoelastic pipes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meniconi, S.; Brunone, B.; Ferrante, M.

2012-08-01

In view of scarcity of both experimental data and numerical models concerning transient behavior of cross-section area changes in pressurized liquid flow, the paper presents laboratory data and numerical simulation of the interaction of a surge wave with a partial blockage by a valve, a single pipe contraction or expansion and a series of pipe contraction/expansion in close proximity.With regard to a single change of cross-section area, laboratory data point out the completely different behavior with respect to one of the partially closed in-line valves with the same area ratio. In fact, for the former the pressure wave interaction is not regulated by the steady-state local head loss. With regard to partial blockages, transient tests have shown that the smaller the length, the more intense the overlapping of pressure waves due to the expansion and contraction in series.Numerically, the need for taking into account both the viscoelasticity and unsteady friction is demonstrated, since the classical water-hammer theory does not simulate the relevant damping of pressure peaks and gives rise to a time shifting between numerical and laboratory data. The transient behavior of a single local head loss has been checked by considering tests carried out in a system with a partially closed in-line valve. As a result, the reliability of the quasi steady-state approach for local head loss simulation has been demonstrated in viscoelastic pipes. The model parameters obtained on the basis of transients carried out in single pipe systems have then been used to simulate transients in the more complex pipe systems. These numerical experiments show the great importance of the length of the small-bore pipe with respect to one of the large-bore pipes. Precisely, until a gradually flow establishes in the small-bore pipe, the smaller such a length, the better the quality of the numerical simulation.

77 FR 47058 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Availability of the Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-07

... Corps of Engineers, and U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety...] Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Availability of the Environmental Assessment for the...) proposed by Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company (Transco) in the above-referenced docket. Transco...

Optical profilometer using laser based conical triangulation for inspection of inner geometry of corroded pipes in cylindrical coordinates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buschinelli, Pedro D. V.; Melo, João. Ricardo C.; Albertazzi, Armando; Santos, João. M. C.; Camerini, Claudio S.

2013-04-01

An axis-symmetrical optical laser triangulation system was developed by the authors to measure the inner geometry of long pipes used in the oil industry. It has a special optical configuration able to acquire shape information of the inner geometry of a section of a pipe from a single image frame. A collimated laser beam is pointed to the tip of a 45° conical mirror. The laser light is reflected in such a way that a radial light sheet is formed and intercepts the inner geometry and forms a bright laser line on a section of the inspected pipe. A camera acquires the image of the laser line through a wide angle lens. An odometer-based triggering system is used to shot the camera to acquire a set of equally spaced images at high speed while the device is moved along the pipe's axis. Image processing is done in real-time (between images acquisitions) thanks to the use of parallel computing technology. The measured geometry is analyzed to identify corrosion damages. The measured geometry and results are graphically presented using virtual reality techniques and devices as 3D glasses and head-mounted displays. The paper describes the measurement principles, calibration strategies, laboratory evaluation of the developed device, as well as, a practical example of a corroded pipe used in an industrial gas production plant.

Leak detectability of the Norman Wells pipeline by mass balance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liou, J.C.P.

Pipeline leak detection using software-based systems is becoming common practice. The detectability of such systems is measured by how small and how quickly a leak can be detected. Algorithms used and measurement uncertainties determine leak detectability. This paper addresses leak detectability using mass balance, establishes leak detectability for Norman Wells pipelines, and compares it with field leak test results. The pipeline is operated by the Interprovincial Pipe Line (IPL) Inc., of Edmonton, Canada. It is a 12.75-inch outside diameter steel pipe with variable wall thickness. The length of the pipe is approximately 550 miles (868.9 km). The pipeline transports lightmore » crude oil at a constant flow rate of about 250 m{sup 3}/hr. The crude oil can enter the pipeline at two locations. Besides the Norman Wells inlet, there is a side line near Zama terminal that can inject crude oil into the pipeline.« less

262. Photocopy of drawing (1976 piping drawing by StearnsRoger Incorporated) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

262. Photocopy of drawing (1976 piping drawing by Stearns-Roger Incorporated) GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM MODIFICATIONS, PAYLOAD PRESSURIZATION UNIT HIGH PRESSURE GASEOUS NITROGEN AND HELIUM LINES FOR LSB, SHEET 501-P3 - Vandenberg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 3, Launch Pad 3 East, Napa & Alden Roads, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, CA

77 FR 13079 - Certain Large Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe (Over 41/2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-05

... such as oil, gas, or water pipeline, or utility distribution systems. Seamless pressure pipes are intended for the conveyance of water, steam, petrochemicals, chemicals, oil products, natural gas and other... high temperature service. They are intended for the low temperature and pressure conveyance of water...

Submarine Construction (Unterseebootsbau)

DTIC Science & Technology

1972-08-01

PIPE FOR THE SNORKEL EXHAUST MAST 11 AIR EXIT (GENERALLY TO MAIN AIR INDUCTION LINE) 12 EXHAUST GAS INLET FROM EXHAUST GAS LINE SIDE VIEW (MAST...Electric Engine 76 Diesel Engines 79 Air Intake and Gas Exhaust Systems for the Diesel Engines 79 Diesel Fuel and Pressurized Water System 82...Lines of a Submarine ■. 31 Figure 6 - Lines of a Submersible 31 Figure 7 - Twin- Screw Stern Configurations 34 Figure 8 - Single- Screw Stern

New operating strategies for molten salt in line focusing solar fields - Daily drainage and solar receiver preheating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eickhoff, Martin; Meyer-Grünefeldt, Mirko; Keller, Lothar

2016-05-01

Nowadays molten salt is efficiently used in point concentrating solar thermal power plants. Line focusing systems still have the disadvantage of elevated heat losses at night because of active freeze protection of the solar field piping system. In order to achieve an efficient operation of line focusing solar power plants using molten salt, a new plant design and a novel operating strategy is developed for Linear Fresnel- and Parabolic Trough power plants. Daily vespertine drainage of the solar field piping and daily matutinal refilling of the solar preheated absorber tubes eliminate the need of nocturnal heating of the solar field and reduce nocturnal heat losses to a minimum. The feasibility of this new operating strategy with all its sub-steps has been demonstrated experimentally.

77 FR 59374 - Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe (Under 41/2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-27

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-588-851] Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe (Under 4\\1/2\\ Inches) From Japan: Rescission... antidumping order on certain small diameter carbon and alloy seamless standard, line and pressure pipe (under...

76 FR 61682 - Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Company, LP; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. CP11-546-000] Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Company, LP; Notice of Application On September 16, 2011, Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line... free). For TTY, call (202) 502-8659. Comment Date: 5 p.m. Eastern Time on October 19, 2011. Dated...

76 FR 58263 - Kenai Pipe Line Company; Tesoro Alaska Company; Tesoro Logistics Operations, LLC; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. OR11-21-000] Kenai Pipe Line Company; Tesoro Alaska Company; Tesoro Logistics Operations, LLC; Notice of Request for Jurisdictional..., 2011, Kenai Pipe Line Company (KPL), Tesoro Alaska Company (Tesoro Alaska), and Tesoro Logistics, LLC...

75 FR 9163 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-01

... Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's Republic of China: Preliminary... the People's Republic of China. For information on the estimated subsidy rates, see the ``Suspension... Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe from the People's Republic of China: Initiation...

78 FR 2380 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-11

... new compressor station with two 10,915 horsepower (ISO) gas turbine-driven compressor; and the...] Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Application Take notice that on December 19, 2012, Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC (Transco), Post Office Box 1396, Houston, Texas 77251, filed in the...

49 CFR 192.181 - Distribution line valves.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... line valves. (a) Each high-pressure distribution system must have valves spaced so as to reduce the... pressure, the size of the mains, and the local physical conditions. (b) Each regulator station controlling the flow or pressure of gas in a distribution system must have a valve installed on the inlet piping...

46 CFR 28.815 - Bilge pumps, bilge piping, and dewatering systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... accessible point in the bilge line to prevent unintended flooding of a space. (e) Each bilge suction line and... comply with the oil pollution prevention requirements of 33 CFR parts 151 and 155. ...

46 CFR 28.815 - Bilge pumps, bilge piping, and dewatering systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... accessible point in the bilge line to prevent unintended flooding of a space. (e) Each bilge suction line and... comply with the oil pollution prevention requirements of 33 CFR parts 151 and 155. ...

46 CFR 28.815 - Bilge pumps, bilge piping, and dewatering systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... accessible point in the bilge line to prevent unintended flooding of a space. (e) Each bilge suction line and... comply with the oil pollution prevention requirements of 33 CFR parts 151 and 155. ...

46 CFR 28.815 - Bilge pumps, bilge piping, and dewatering systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... accessible point in the bilge line to prevent unintended flooding of a space. (e) Each bilge suction line and... comply with the oil pollution prevention requirements of 33 CFR parts 151 and 155. ...

46 CFR 28.815 - Bilge pumps, bilge piping, and dewatering systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... accessible point in the bilge line to prevent unintended flooding of a space. (e) Each bilge suction line and... comply with the oil pollution prevention requirements of 33 CFR parts 151 and 155. ...

Measure Guideline. Steam System Balancing and Tuning for Multifamily Residential Buildings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Choi, Jayne; Ludwig, Peter; Brand, Larry

2013-04-01

This guideline provides building owners, professionals involved in multifamily audits, and contractors insights for improving the balance and tuning of steam systems. It provides readers an overview of one-pipe steam heating systems, guidelines for evaluating steam systems, typical costs and savings, and guidelines for ensuring quality installations. It also directs readers to additional resources for details not included here. Measures for balancing a distribution system that are covered include replacing main line vents and upgrading radiator vents. Also included is a discussion on upgrading boiler controls and the importance of tuning the settings on new or existing boiler controls. Themore » guideline focuses on one-pipe steam systems, though many of the assessment methods can be generalized to two-pipe steam systems.« less

The Effects of an Unexpected Ceramic Coating Phase at the Head of a Pipe on Joining and Postprocessing of a Ceramic-Lined Composite Pipe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahmoodian, R.; Rahbari, R. G.; Hamdi, M.; Hassan, M. A.; Sparham, Mahdi

2013-01-01

Produced ceramic-lined steel pipe using the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method has found uses in many applications. A SHS-centrifugal machine was designed to produce a ceramic-lined steel pipe from ferric oxide and aluminum powder (thermite mixture) under high centrifugal acceleration. The obtained products are expected to be Al2O3 ceramic in the innermost layer and a Fe layer in a region between the outer steel pipes. In the present work, specific regions of a pipe was particularly observed to investigate the stuck (dead) spaces at the pipe head because of its importance in further processes (joining, welding, etc.) which may affect the quality of the next operations. In this article, the product's composition, phase separation, microhardness, and surface finish were studied on three zones of the pipe.

In-line inspection of unpiggable buried live gas pipes using circumferential EMAT guided waves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ren, Baiyang; Xin, Junjun

2018-04-01

Unpiggable buried gas pipes need to be inspected to ensure their structural integrity and safe operation. The CIRRIS XITM robot, developed and operated by ULC Robotics, conducts in-line nondestructive inspection of live gas pipes. With the no-blow launching system, the inspection operation has reduced disruption to the public and by eliminating the need to dig trenches, has minimized the site footprint. This provides a highly time and cost effective solution for gas pipe maintenance. However, the current sensor on the robot performs a point-by-point measurement of the pipe wall thickness which cannot cover the whole volume of the pipe in a reasonable timeframe. The study of ultrasonic guided wave technique is discussed to improve the volume coverage as well as the scanning speed. Circumferential guided wave is employed to perform axial scanning. Mode selection is discussed in terms of sensitivity to different defects and defect characterization capability. To assist with the mode selection, finite element analysis is performed to evaluate the wave-defect interaction and to identify potential defect features. Pulse-echo and through-transmission mode are evaluated and compared for their pros and cons in axial scanning. Experiments are also conducted to verify the mode selection and detect and characterize artificial defects introduced into pipe samples.

77 FR 67336 - Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe From Romania...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... products subject to the order are small diameter seamless carbon and alloy (other than stainless) steel... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe From Romania: Final Results of Antidumping... alloy seamless standard, line and pressure pipe from Romania. The period of review is August 1, 2010...

78 FR 33809 - Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's Republic of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-05

... review of the antidumping duty order on seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe... seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe from the People's Republic of China... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-570-956] Seamless Carbon and Alloy...

75 FR 1051 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Filing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-08

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. CP10-17-000] Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Filing December 31, 2009. Take notice that on November 12, 2009, Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC (Transco), tendered for filing an application for an order permitting and approving the partial...

75 FR 42436 - Houston Pipe Line Company LP-Bammel Storage, Docket No. PR10-51-000, et. al.; Notice of Baseline...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-21

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Houston Pipe Line Company LP--Bammel Storage, Docket No. PR10-51- 000, et. al.; Notice of Baseline Filings July 14, 2010. Houston Pipe Line..., 2010, respectively the applicants listed above submitted their baseline filing of its Statement of...

75 FR 22372 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-28

... Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's Republic of China: Preliminary..., line, and pressure pipe from the People's Republic of China (``PRC'') is being, or is likely to be...'s Republic of China, dated September 16, 2009 (``Petition''). On September 28, 2009, TMK IPSCO and...

Location and assessment of drainage pipes beneath farm fields and golf course greens using ground penetrating radar: A research summary

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Enhancing the efficiency of soil water removal, and in turn crop productivity, on farmland already containing a subsurface drainage system, typically involves installing new drain lines between the old ones. However, before this approach can be attempted, the older drainage pipes need to be located...

30 CFR 75.1101-15 - Construction of dry powder chemical systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... equipped with hose or pipe lines which are no longer than necessary. (b) Metal piping and/or hose between control valves and nozzles shall have a minimum bursting pressure of 500 p.s.i.g. (c) Hose shall be protected by wire braid or its equivalent. (d) Nozzles and reservoirs shall be sufficient in number to...

30 CFR 75.1101-15 - Construction of dry powder chemical systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... equipped with hose or pipe lines which are no longer than necessary. (b) Metal piping and/or hose between control valves and nozzles shall have a minimum bursting pressure of 500 p.s.i.g. (c) Hose shall be protected by wire braid or its equivalent. (d) Nozzles and reservoirs shall be sufficient in number to...

30 CFR 75.1101-15 - Construction of dry powder chemical systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... equipped with hose or pipe lines which are no longer than necessary. (b) Metal piping and/or hose between control valves and nozzles shall have a minimum bursting pressure of 500 p.s.i.g. (c) Hose shall be protected by wire braid or its equivalent. (d) Nozzles and reservoirs shall be sufficient in number to...

30 CFR 75.1101-15 - Construction of dry powder chemical systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... equipped with hose or pipe lines which are no longer than necessary. (b) Metal piping and/or hose between control valves and nozzles shall have a minimum bursting pressure of 500 p.s.i.g. (c) Hose shall be protected by wire braid or its equivalent. (d) Nozzles and reservoirs shall be sufficient in number to...

30 CFR 75.1101-15 - Construction of dry powder chemical systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... equipped with hose or pipe lines which are no longer than necessary. (b) Metal piping and/or hose between control valves and nozzles shall have a minimum bursting pressure of 500 p.s.i.g. (c) Hose shall be protected by wire braid or its equivalent. (d) Nozzles and reservoirs shall be sufficient in number to...

Automated internal pipe cutting device

DOEpatents

Godlewski, William J.; Haffke, Gary S.; Purvis, Dale; Bashar, Ronald W.; Jones, Stewart D.; Moretti, Jr., Henry; Pimentel, James

2003-01-21

The invention is a remotely controlled internal pipe cutting device primarily used for cutting pipes where the outside of the pipe is inaccessible at the line where the cut is to be made. The device includes an axial ram within a rotational cylinder which is enclosed in a housing. The housing is adapted for attachment to an open end of the pipe and for supporting the ram and cylinder in cantilever fashion within the pipe. A radially movable cutter, preferably a plasma arc torch, is attached to the distal end of the ram. A drive mechanism, containing motors and mechanical hardware for operating the ram and cylinder, is attached to the proximal end of the housing. The ram and cylinder provide for moving the cutter axially and circumferentially, and a cable assembly attached to a remote motor provide for the movement of the cutter radially, within the pipe. The control system can be adjusted and operated remotely to control the position and movement of the cutter to obtain the desired cut. The control system can also provide automatic standoff control for a plasma arc torch.

77 FR 21968 - Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's Republic of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-12

... countervailing duty order on seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe from the People's... administrative review of the countervailing duty order on seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and... Making Co., Ltd., Wuxi Seamless Special Pipe Co., Ltd., Wuxi Sifang Steel Tube Co., Ltd., Wuxi Zhenda...

77 FR 21734 - Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Romania...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-11

... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Romania: Extension of Time Limit for... diameter carbon and alloy seamless standard, line and pressure pipe from Romania for the period August 1... investigation based upon the allegation of the petitioner, U.S. Steel. See the memorandum to Susan Kuhbach dated...

Friction Stir Welding of Line-Pipe Steels

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sanderson, Samuel; Mahoney, Murray; Feng, Zhili

Friction stir welding (FSW) offers both economic and technical advantages over conventional fusion welding practices for welding line-pipe. For offshore line-pipe construction, the economic savings has been shown to be considerable, approaching a calculated 25%. Offshore pipe is relatively small diameter but heavy wall compared to onshore pipe. One concern is the ability to achieve consistent full weld penetration in an on-site offshore FSW operation, e.g., on a lay-barge. In addition, depending on the size and morphology of the unwelded zone, lack of penetration at the weld root can be difficult if not impossible to detect by conventional NDE methods.more » Thus, an approach to assure consistent full penetration via process control is required for offshore line-pipe construction using FSW. For offshore construction, an internal structural mandrel can be used offering the opportunity to use a sacrificial anvil FSW approach. With this approach, a small volume of sacrificial material can be inserted into the structural anvil. The FSW tool penetrates into the sacrificial anvil, beyond the inner diameter of the pipe wall, thus assuring full penetration. The sacrificial material is subsequently removed from the pipe inner wall. In the work presented herein, FSW studies were completed on both 6 mm and 12 mm wall thickness line-pipe. Lastly, post-FSW evaluations including radiography, root-bend tests, and metallography demonstrated the merits of the sacrificial anvil approach to achieve consistent full penetration.« less

SMALL DIAMETER CEMENT LINING FROM STAIRWAY. United States Pipe ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

SMALL DIAMETER CEMENT LINING FROM STAIRWAY. - United States Pipe & Foundry Company Plant, Coating, Painting, Lining & Packaging Building, 2023 St. Louis Avenue at I-20/59, Bessemer, Jefferson County, AL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yu, Y.J.; Sohn, G.H.; Kim, Y.J.

Typical LBB (Leak-Before-Break) analysis is performed for the highest stress location for each different type of material in the high energy pipe line. In most cases, the highest stress occurs at the nozzle and pipe interface location at the terminal end. The standard finite element analysis approach to calculate J-Integral values at the crack tip utilizes symmetry conditions when modeling near the nozzle as well as away from the nozzle region to minimize the model size and simplify the calculation of J-integral values at the crack tip. A factor of two is typically applied to the J-integral value to accountmore » for symmetric conditions. This simplified analysis can lead to conservative results especially for small diameter pipes where the asymmetry of the nozzle-pipe interface is ignored. The stiffness of the residual piping system and non-symmetries of geometry along with different material for the nozzle, safe end and pipe are usually omitted in current LBB methodology. In this paper, the effects of non-symmetries due to geometry and material at the pipe-nozzle interface are presented. Various LBB analyses are performed for a small diameter piping system to evaluate the effect a nozzle has on the J-integral calculation, crack opening area and crack stability. In addition, material differences between the nozzle and pipe are evaluated. Comparison is made between a pipe model and a nozzle-pipe interface model, and a LBB PED (Piping Evaluation Diagram) curve is developed to summarize the results for use by piping designers.« less

Contributions to modeling functionality of a high frequency damper system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sirbu, E. A.; Horga, S.; Vrabioiu, G.

2016-08-01

Due to the necessity of improving the handling performances of a motor vehicle, it is imperative to understand the suspensions properties that affects ride and directional respons.The construction of a fero-magnetic shock absorber is based on two bellows interconnected by a pipe-line. Through this pipe-line the fero-magnetic fluid is carried between the two bellows. The damping characteristic of the shock absorber is affected by the viscosity of the fero-magnetic fluid. The viscosity of the fluid, is controlled through a electric coil mounted on the bellows connecting pipe-line. Modifying the electrical field of the coil, the viscosity of the fluid will change, finally affecting the damping characteristic of the shock absorber. A recent system called „CCD Pothole Suspension” is implemented on Ford vehicles. By modifying the dampning characteristic of the shock absorbers, vehicle daynamics can be improved; also the risk of damaging the suspension will be decreased. The approach of this paper is to analyze the behaviour of the fero magnetic damper, thus determining how it will affect the performances of the vehicle suspensions. The experimental research will provide a better understanding of the behavior of the fero-magnetic shock absorber, and the possible advantages of using this system.

78 FR 72877 - Combined Notice of Filings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-04

....m. ET 12/4/13. Docket Numbers: RP14-203-000. Applicants: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company. Description: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company's Fuel and Line Loss Allowance Calculation for 2013. Filed Date: 11/22/13...

Flexible ocean upwelling pipe

DOEpatents

Person, Abraham

1980-01-01

In an ocean thermal energy conversion facility, a cold water riser pipe is releasably supported at its upper end by the hull of the floating facility. The pipe is substantially vertical and has its lower end far below the hull above the ocean floor. The pipe is defined essentially entirely of a material which has a modulus of elasticity substantially less than that of steel, e.g., high density polyethylene, so that the pipe is flexible and compliant to rather than resistant to applied bending moments. The position of the lower end of the pipe relative to the hull is stabilized by a weight suspended below the lower end of the pipe on a flexible line. The pipe, apart from the weight, is positively buoyant. If support of the upper end of the pipe is released, the pipe sinks to the ocean floor, but is not damaged as the length of the line between the pipe and the weight is sufficient to allow the buoyant pipe to come to a stop within the line length after the weight contacts the ocean floor, and thereafter to float submerged above the ocean floor while moored to the ocean floor by the weight. The upper end of the pipe, while supported by the hull, communicates to a sump in the hull in which the water level is maintained below the ambient water level. The sump volume is sufficient to keep the pipe full during heaving of the hull, thereby preventing collapse of the pipe.

Structural Dynamic Assessment of the GN2 Piping System for NASA's New and Powerful Reverberant Acoustic Test Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McNelis, Mark E.; Staab, Lucas D.; Akers, James C.; Hughes, William O.; Chang, Li C.; Hozman, Aron D.; Henry, Michael W.

2012-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center (GRC) has led the design and build of the new world-class vibroacoustic test capabilities at the NASA GRC's Plum Brook Station in Sandusky, Ohio, USA from 2007 to 2011. SAIC-Benham has completed construction of a new reverberant acoustic test facility to support the future testing needs of NASA's space exploration program and commercial customers. The large Reverberant Acoustic Test Facility (RATF) is approximately 101,000 cubic feet in volume and was designed to operate at a maximum empty chamber acoustic overall sound pressure level (OASPL) of 163 dB. This combination of size and acoustic power is unprecedented amongst the world s known active reverberant acoustic test facilities. Initial checkout acoustic testing was performed on March 2011 by SAIC-Benham at test levels up to 161 dB OASPL. During testing, several branches of the gaseous nitrogen (GN2) piping system, which supply the fluid to the noise generating acoustic modulators, failed at their T-junctions connecting the 12 in. supply line to their respective 4 in. branch lines. The problem was initially detected when the oxygen sensors in the horn room indicated a lower than expected oxygen level from which was inferred GN2 leaks in the piping system. In subsequent follow up inspections, cracks were identified in the failed T-junction connections through non-destructive evaluation testing. Through structural dynamic modeling of the piping system, the root cause of the T-junction connection failures was determined. The structural dynamic assessment identified several possible corrective design improvements to the horn room piping system. The effectiveness of the chosen design repairs were subsequently evaluated in September 2011 during acoustic verification testing to 161 dB OASPL.

Structural Dynamic Assessment of the GN2 Piping System for NASA's New and Powerful Reverberant Acoustic Test Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McNelis, Mark E.; Staab, Lucas D.; Akers, James C.; Hughes, WIlliam O.; Chang, Li, C.; Hozman, Aron D.; Henry, Michael W.

2012-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center (GRC) has led the design and build of the new world-class vibroacoustic test capabilities at the NASA GRC's Plum Brook Station in Sandusky, Ohio, USA from 2007-2011. SAIC-Benham has completed construction of a new reverberant acoustic test facility to support the future testing needs of NASA's space exploration program and commercial customers. The large Reverberant Acoustic Test Facility (RATF) is approximately 101,000 cu ft in volume and was designed to operate at a maximum empty chamber acoustic overall sound pressure level (OASPL) of 163 dB. This combination of size and acoustic power is unprecedented amongst the world's known active reverberant acoustic test facilities. Initial checkout acoustic testing was performed on March 2011 by SAIC-Benham at test levels up to 161 dB OASPL. During testing, several branches of the gaseous nitrogen (GN2) piping system, which supply the fluid to the noise generating acoustic modulators, failed at their "t-junctions" connecting the 12 inch supply line to their respective 4 inch branch lines. The problem was initially detected when the oxygen sensors in the horn room indicated a lower than expected oxygen level from which was inferred GN2 leaks in the piping system. In subsequent follow up inspections, cracks were identified in the failed "t-junction" connections through non-destructive evaluation testing . Through structural dynamic modeling of the piping system, the root cause of the "t-junction" connection failures was determined. The structural dynamic assessment identified several possible corrective design improvements to the horn room piping system. The effectiveness of the chosen design repairs were subsequently evaluated in September 2011 during acoustic verification testing to 161 dB OASPL.

14 CFR 25.1195 - Fire extinguishing systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... extinguishing systems. (a) Except for combustor, turbine, and tail pipe sections of turbine engine installations that contain lines or components carrying flammable fluids or gases for which it is shown that a fire...

14 CFR 25.1195 - Fire extinguishing systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... extinguishing systems. (a) Except for combustor, turbine, and tail pipe sections of turbine engine installations that contain lines or components carrying flammable fluids or gases for which it is shown that a fire...

14 CFR 25.1195 - Fire extinguishing systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... extinguishing systems. (a) Except for combustor, turbine, and tail pipe sections of turbine engine installations that contain lines or components carrying flammable fluids or gases for which it is shown that a fire...

14 CFR 25.1195 - Fire extinguishing systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... extinguishing systems. (a) Except for combustor, turbine, and tail pipe sections of turbine engine installations that contain lines or components carrying flammable fluids or gases for which it is shown that a fire...

14 CFR 25.1195 - Fire extinguishing systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... extinguishing systems. (a) Except for combustor, turbine, and tail pipe sections of turbine engine installations that contain lines or components carrying flammable fluids or gases for which it is shown that a fire...

Reliability of a Parallel Pipe Network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Herrera, Edgar; Chamis, Christopher (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The goal of this NASA-funded research is to advance research and education objectives in theoretical and computational probabilistic structural analysis, reliability, and life prediction methods for improved aerospace and aircraft propulsion system components. Reliability methods are used to quantify response uncertainties due to inherent uncertainties in design variables. In this report, several reliability methods are applied to a parallel pipe network. The observed responses are the head delivered by a main pump and the head values of two parallel lines at certain flow rates. The probability that the flow rates in the lines will be less than their specified minimums will be discussed.

Testing and design life analysis of polyurea liner materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghasemi Motlagh, Siavash

Certainly, water pipes, as part of an underground infrastructure system, play a key role in maintaining quality of life, health, and wellbeing of human kind. As these potable water pipes reach the end of their useful life, they create high maintenance costs, loss of flow capacity, decreased water quality, and increased dissatisfaction. There are several different pipeline renewal techniques available for different applications, among which linings are most commonly used for the renewal of water pipes. Polyurea is a lining material applied to the interior surface of the deteriorated host pipe using spray-on technique. It is applied to structurally enhance the host pipe and provide a barrier coating against further corrosion or deterioration. The purpose of this study was to establish a relationship between stress, strain and time. The results obtained from these tests were used in predicting the strength of the polyurea material during its planned 50-year design life. In addition to this, based on the 10,000 hours experimental data, curve fitting and Findley power law models were employed to predict long-term behavior of the material. Experimental results indicated that the tested polyurea material offers a good balance of strength and stiffness and can be utilized in structural enhancement applications of potable water pipes.

10. VIEW OF PIPING. THE BUILDING HAD OVER 700 MILES ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. VIEW OF PIPING. THE BUILDING HAD OVER 700 MILES OF PIPING, OF WHICH 70 MILES WERE PLUTONIUM PROCESSING LINES. THESE PROCESS LINES RAN THROUGH WALLS AND TRAVERSED SEVERAL FLOORS. (6/29/78) - Rocky Flats Plant, Plutonium Recovery Facility, Northwest portion of Rocky Flats Plant, Golden, Jefferson County, CO

Thermal Insulation Performance of Flexible Piping for Use in HTS Power Cables

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fesmire, James E.; Augustynowicz, S. D.; Demko, J. A.; Thompson, Karen (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

High-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables that typically operate at temperatures below 80 K are being developed for power transmission. The practical application of HTS power cables will require the use of flexible piping to contain the cable and the liquid nitrogen coolant. A study of thermal performance of multilayer insulation (MLI) was conducted in geometries representing both rigid and flexible piping. This experimental study performed at the Cryogenics Test Laboratory of NASA Kennedy Space Center provides a framework for the development of cost-effective, efficient thermal insulation systems that will support these long-distance flexible lines containing HTS power cables. The overall thermal performance of the insulation system for a rigid configuration and for a flexible configuration, simulating a flexible HTS power cable, was determined by the steady-state liquid nitrogen boiloff method under the full range of vacuum levels. Two different cylindrically rolled material systems were tested: a standard MLI and a layered composite insulation (LCI). Comparisons of ideal MLI, MLI on rigid piping, and MLI between flexible piping are presented.

Study of the structure and properties of metal of the major steam lines of a CCGT-420 unit made from high-chromium X10CrMoVNb9-1 (P91) steel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grin', E. A.; Anokhov, A. E.; Pchelintsev, A. V.; Krüger, E.-T.

2016-07-01

The technology of manufacture of live steam lines and hot reheat lines at FINOW Rohrsysteme GmbH are discussed. These pipelines are designed for high-performance CCGT units and are made from high-chromium martensitic steel X10CrMoVNb9-1 (P91). The principles of certification and evaluation of conformance of thermal and mechanical equipment made from new construction materials with the TRCU 032-2013 technical regulation of the Customs Union are detailed. The requirements outlined in Russian and international regulatory documents regarding the manufacture of pipes and semifinished products for pipeline systems are compared. The characteristic features of high-chromium martensitic steel, which define the requirements for its heat treatment and welding, are outlined. The methodology and the results of a comprehensive analysis of metal of pipes, fittings, and weld joints of steam lines are presented. It is demonstrated that the short-term mechanical properties of metal (P91 steel) of pipes, bends, and weld joints meet the requirements of European standards and Russian technical specifications. The experimental data on long-term strength of metal of pipes from a live steam line virtually match the corresponding reference curve from the European standard, while certain experimental points for metal of bends of this steam line and metal of pipes and bends from a hot reheat line lie below the reference curve, but they definitely stay within the qualifying (20%) interval of the scatter band. The presence of a weakened layer in the heat-affected zone of weld joints of steel P91 is established. It is shown that the properties of this zone govern the short-term and long-term strength of weld joints in general. The results of synthesis and analysis of research data support the notion that the certification testing of steam lines and other equipment made from chromium steels should necessarily involve the determination of long-term strength parameters.

Eight-Year Summary of Fort Irwin, CA, Family Housing Comparison Test: Operation and Maintenance Costs of Manufactured vs. Conventionally Built Units

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-01

Ruptured polybutylene pipe from Building 3858, Unit C 77 F20 Longitudinal hair line crack in PB pipe from Building 3802, Unit B 78 F21 Microscopic...of the 200 housing units used national standards in the unit construction which included the use of polybutylene ( PB ) piping. The piping was...in PB Pipe from Building 3802, Unit B Figure F 21: Microscopic View of Longitudinal Hair Line Crack 78 Figure F22: White Coating on Acetld Fitting

Crack instability analysis methods for leak-before-break program in piping systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mattar Neto, M.; Maneschy, E.; Nobrega, P.G.B. da

1995-11-01

The instability evaluation of cracks in piping systems is a step that is considered when a high-energy line is investigated in a leak-before-break (LBB) program. Different approaches have been used to assess stability of cracks: (a) local flow stress (LFS); (b) limit load (LL); (c) elastic-plastic fracture mechanics (EPFM) as J-integral versus tearing modulus (J-T) analysis. The first two methods are used for high ductile materials, when it is assumed that remaining ligament of the cracked pipe section becomes fully plastic prior to crack extension. EPFM is considered for low ductile piping when the material reaches unstable ductile tearing priormore » to plastic collapse in the net section. In this paper the LFS, LL and EPFM J-T methodologies were applied to calculate failure loads in circumferential through-wall cracked pipes with different materials, geometries and loads. It presents a comparison among the results obtained from the above three formulations and also compares them with experimental data available in the literature.« less

Fast reactor power plant design having heat pipe heat exchanger

DOEpatents

Huebotter, P.R.; McLennan, G.A.

1984-08-30

The invention relates to a pool-type fission reactor power plant design having a reactor vessel containing a primary coolant (such as liquid sodium), and a steam expansion device powered by a pressurized water/steam coolant system. Heat pipe means are disposed between the primary and water coolants to complete the heat transfer therebetween. The heat pipes are vertically oriented, penetrating the reactor deck and being directly submerged in the primary coolant. A U-tube or line passes through each heat pipe, extended over most of the length of the heat pipe and having its walls spaced from but closely proximate to and generally facing the surrounding walls of the heat pipe. The water/steam coolant loop includes each U-tube and the steam expansion device. A heat transfer medium (such as mercury) fills each of the heat pipes. The thermal energy from the primary coolant is transferred to the water coolant by isothermal evaporation-condensation of the heat transfer medium between the heat pipe and U-tube walls, the heat transfer medium moving within the heat pipe primarily transversely between these walls.

Fast reactor power plant design having heat pipe heat exchanger

DOEpatents

Huebotter, Paul R.; McLennan, George A.

1985-01-01

The invention relates to a pool-type fission reactor power plant design having a reactor vessel containing a primary coolant (such as liquid sodium), and a steam expansion device powered by a pressurized water/steam coolant system. Heat pipe means are disposed between the primary and water coolants to complete the heat transfer therebetween. The heat pipes are vertically oriented, penetrating the reactor deck and being directly submerged in the primary coolant. A U-tube or line passes through each heat pipe, extended over most of the length of the heat pipe and having its walls spaced from but closely proximate to and generally facing the surrounding walls of the heat pipe. The water/steam coolant loop includes each U-tube and the steam expansion device. A heat transfer medium (such as mercury) fills each of the heat pipes. The thermal energy from the primary coolant is transferred to the water coolant by isothermal evaporation-condensation of the heat transfer medium between the heat pipe and U-tube walls, the heat transfer medium moving within the heat pipe primarily transversely between these walls.

77 FR 50465 - Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe From Romania...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-21

...- 795, and the American Petroleum Institute (API) 5L specifications and meeting the physical parameters... standard, line, or pressure pipe applications and meeting the physical parameters described below.... The scope of this review includes all seamless pipe meeting the physical parameters described above...

46 CFR 151.50-84 - Sulfur dioxide.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... piping or manifold that carriers cargo liquid, except vapor lines connected to a common header, and (11... must be removed and cargo transfer piping must be disconnected at the cargo tanks. After the cargo piping is disconnected, both ends of the line must be plugged or fitted with blind flanges. [CGD 80-001...

Seam-weld quality of modern ERW/HFI line pipe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Groeneveld, T.P.; Barnes, C.R.

1991-09-01

This study was undertaken to determine whether the seam-weld quality of modern ERW (electric resistance-welded)/HFI (high-frequency induction) welded pipe has been improved and justifies more widespread use of this type of pipe in critical applications. Wider use of ERW/HFI line pipe in gas-transmission lines would be expected to reduce construction costs. Five recently produced, heavy wall pipes fabricated using high-frequency electric-resistance welding (ERW) processes to make the seam weld and one pipe fabricated using the high-frequency induction (HFI) welding process to make the seam weld were studied. Four of the pipes were Grade X-60, one was Grade X-65, and onemore » was Grade X-70. All of the pipes were produced from microalloyed, controlled-rolled steels, and the weld zones were post-weld normalized. Ultrasonic inspection of the seam welds in the six pipe sections evaluated revealed no indications of defects. The tensile properties of all of the weld zones exceeded the minimum specified yield strengths for the respective grades of pipe and all of the pipes exhibited ductile failures either in the weld zone or in the base metal. Five of the six pipes exhibited ductile failures either in the weld zone or in the base metal. Five of the six pipes exhibited relatively low 85% shear area transition temperatures and relatively high upper-shelf energy absorptions as determined with Charpy V-notch specimens. In addition, for two of the three joints of pipe for which the properties were determined at both ends of the pipe, the tensile and impact properties showed little variation from end-to-end. However, for the other joint of pipe, the impact properties varied substantially from one end to the other.« less

Profiling USGA putting greens using GPR

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

All USGA-specification putting greens require a subsurface drainage system. A typical subsurface installation is a herringbone pattern of buried 100-mm dia. PVC drainage pipes, designed such that the central main line is placed along the line of maximum slope. Laterals are spaced no more than 5 m, r...

Quasi-2D Unsteady Flow Procedure for Real Fluids (PREPRINT)

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-17

water /steam/ oil piping networks, refinery systems, gas-turbine secondary flow -path and cooling networks...friction factor, f, which is a function of the local Reynolds number and the wall surface roughness . For the viscous flow examples presented below, the...3.5 4 4.5 Time ( s ) V el oc ity (m / s ) Line 2 Inlet 25% 50% 75% Exit Velocity Figure 4. Water transient viscous pipe flow using

49 CFR 192.719 - Transmission lines: Testing of repairs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... pipe before it is installed. (b) Testing of repairs made by welding. Each repair made by welding in... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Transmission lines: Testing of repairs. 192.719... Transmission lines: Testing of repairs. (a) Testing of replacement pipe. If a segment of transmission line is...

49 CFR 192.487 - Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... STANDARDS Requirements for Corrosion Control § 192.487 Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines. (a) General corrosion. Except for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, each... engineering tests and analyses show can permanently restore the serviceability of the pipe. Corrosion pitting...

49 CFR 192.487 - Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... STANDARDS Requirements for Corrosion Control § 192.487 Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines. (a) General corrosion. Except for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, each... engineering tests and analyses show can permanently restore the serviceability of the pipe. Corrosion pitting...

49 CFR 192.487 - Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... STANDARDS Requirements for Corrosion Control § 192.487 Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines. (a) General corrosion. Except for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, each... engineering tests and analyses show can permanently restore the serviceability of the pipe. Corrosion pitting...

49 CFR 192.487 - Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... STANDARDS Requirements for Corrosion Control § 192.487 Remedial measures: Distribution lines other than cast iron or ductile iron lines. (a) General corrosion. Except for cast iron or ductile iron pipe, each... engineering tests and analyses show can permanently restore the serviceability of the pipe. Corrosion pitting...

49 CFR 192.373 - Service lines: Cast iron and ductile iron.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Service lines: Cast iron and ductile iron. 192.373... Regulators, and Service Lines § 192.373 Service lines: Cast iron and ductile iron. (a) Cast or ductile iron... cast iron pipe or ductile iron pipe is installed for use as a service line, the part of the service...

Mining Security Pipe(TSM)with Underground GPS Global(RSPG)Escape Security Device in Underground Mining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giménez, Rafael Barrionuevo

2016-06-01

TSM is escape pipe in case of collapse of terrain. The TSM is a passive security tool placed underground to connect the work area with secure area (mining gallery mainly). TSM is light and hand able pipe made with aramid (Kevlar), carbon fibre, or other kind of new material. The TSM will be placed as a pipe line network with many in/out entrances/exits to rich and connect problem work areas with another parts in a safe mode. Different levels of instrumentation could be added inside such as micro-led escape way suggested, temperature, humidity, level of oxygen, etc.). The open hardware and software like Arduino will be the heart of control and automation system.

FLUSH: A tool for the design of slush hydrogen flow systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hardy, Terry L.

1990-01-01

As part of the National Aerospace Plane Project an analytical model was developed to perform calculations for in-line transfer of solid-liquid mixtures of hydrogen. This code, called FLUSH, calculates pressure drop and solid fraction loss for the flow of slush hydrogen through pipe systems. The model solves the steady-state, one-dimensional equation of energy to obtain slush loss estimates. A description of the code is provided as well as a guide for users of the program. Preliminary results are also presented showing the anticipated degradation of slush hydrogen solid content for various piping systems.

Utilizing Snap-Tite slip line pipe as a direct burial cross pipe, construction and first interim report, October, 2007.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-10-01

The Maine Department of Transportation uses reinforced concrete, polymer coated corrugated metal, : corrugated aluminum or corrugated polyethylene for highway cross pipes. Design life for cross pipe is 50 : plus years. Repair of failed cross pipes in...

46 CFR 151.50-79 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... acetylene-propadiene mixture must have a refrigeration system that does not compress the cargo vapor or have a refrigeration system with the following features: (1) A vapor compressor that does not raise the... suction line. (c) The piping system, including the cargo refrigeration system, for tanks to be loaded with...

46 CFR 151.50-79 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... acetylene-propadiene mixture must have a refrigeration system that does not compress the cargo vapor or have a refrigeration system with the following features: (1) A vapor compressor that does not raise the... suction line. (c) The piping system, including the cargo refrigeration system, for tanks to be loaded with...

46 CFR 151.50-79 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... acetylene-propadiene mixture must have a refrigeration system that does not compress the cargo vapor or have a refrigeration system with the following features: (1) A vapor compressor that does not raise the... suction line. (c) The piping system, including the cargo refrigeration system, for tanks to be loaded with...

Synchronous scan-projection lithography on overall circumference of fine pipes with a diameter of 2 mm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horiuchi, Toshiyuki; Furuhata, Takahiro; Muro, Hideyuki

2016-06-01

The scan-projection exposure of small-diameter pipe surfaces was investigated using a newly developed prototype exposure system. It is necessary to secure a very large depth of focus for printing thick resist patterns on round pipe surfaces with a roughness larger than that of semiconductor wafers. For this reason, a camera lens with a low numerical aperture of 0.089 was used as a projection lens, and the momentary exposure area was limited by a narrow slit with a width of 800 µm. Thus, patterns on a flat reticle were replicated on a pipe surface by linearly moving the reticle and rotating the pipe synchronously. By using a reticle with inclined line-and-space patterns, helical patterns with a width of 30 µm were successfully replicated on stainless-steel pipes with an outer diameter of 2 mm and coated with a 10-µm-thick negative resist. The patterns replicated at the start and stop edges were smoothly stitched seamlessly.

High temperature lined conduits, elbows and tees

DOEpatents

De Feo, Angelo; Drewniany, Edward

1982-01-01

A high temperature lined conduit comprising, a liner, a flexible insulating refractory blanket around and in contact with the liner, a pipe member around the blanket and spaced therefrom, and castable rigid refractory material between the pipe member and the blanket. Anchors are connected to the inside diameter of the pipe and extend into the castable material. The liner includes male and female slip joint ends for permitting thermal expansion of the liner with respect to the castable material and the pipe member. Elbows and tees of the lined conduit comprise an elbow liner wrapped with insulating refractory blanket material around which is disposed a spaced elbow pipe member with castable refractory material between the blanket material and the elbow pipe member. A reinforcing band is connected to the elbow liner at an intermediate location thereon from which extend a plurality of hollow tubes or pins which extend into the castable material to anchor the lined elbow and permit thermal expansion. A method of fabricating the high temperature lined conduit, elbows and tees is also disclosed which utilizes a polyethylene layer over the refractory blanket after it has been compressed to maintain the refractory blanket in a compressed condition until the castable material is in place. Hot gases are then directed through the interior of the liner for evaporating the polyethylene and setting the castable material which permits the compressed blanket to come into close contact with the castable material.

75 FR 76713 - Combined Notice of Filings No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... Numbers: RP11-1540-000. Applicants: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company. Description: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company submits tariff filing per 154.403(d)(2): Chandeleur FLLA to be effective 1/1/2011. Filed Date: 11...

Welding needs specified for X-80 offshore line pipe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Price, J.C.

1993-12-20

High-quality, defect-free welds can be deposited in API Grade 5L X-80 line pipe with pulsed gas-metal-arc welding (GMAW) and shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW) processes. The newly developed Grade X-80 combines higher yield-strength pipe with thinner walls to reduce fabrication costs and improve some projects' economics. Use of X-80 pipe can yield as much as 7.5% cost savings over construction with X-65 steel. Increased demand of natural gas has prompted development of large gas fields which will require large-diameter pipelines at higher operating pressures. API 5L X-80 line pipe could, therefore, become commonplace by the end of the decade if weldingmore » technology can be developed to match mechanical properties without affecting productivity. The paper discusses large-diameter projects, welding processes, GMAW shielding gas, SMAW filler wires, hardness and weldability, toughness and corrosion resistance, economics, and what's been learned.« less

Hot tap thermowell installation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Romero, C. A.

1971-01-01

System permits valve housings or other fillings to be installed in live steam lines or water pipes without interrupting their operation, thus eliminating current tapping restrictions. Two basic assemblies for installation under pressure are described.

Non-intrusive ultrasonic liquid-in-line detector for small diameter tubes

DOEpatents

Piper, Thomas C.

1982-01-01

An arrangement for deleting liquid in a line, using non-intrusive ultrasonic techniques is disclosed. In this arrangement, four piezoelectric crystals are arranged in pairs about a 0.072 inch o.d. pipe. An ultrasonic tone burst is transmitted along the pipe, between crystal pairs, and the amplitude of the received tone burst indicates the absence/presence of liquid in the pipe.

Non-intrusive ultrasonic liquid-in-line detector for small diameter tubes. [Patent application

DOEpatents

Piper, T.C.

1980-09-24

An arrangement for detecting liquids in a line, using non-intrusive ultrasonic techniques is disclosed. In this arrangement, four piezoelectric crystals are arranged in pairs about a 0.078 inch o.d. pipe. An ultrasonic tone burst is transmitted along the pipe, between crystal pairs, and the amplitude of the received tone burst indicates the absence/presence of liquid in the pipe.

BIOFILM IN DRINKING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

Throughout the world there are millions of miles of water distribution pipe lines which provide potable water for use by individuals and industry. Some of these water distribution systems have been in service well over one hundred years. Treated water moving through a distributio...

49 CFR 192.125 - Design of copper pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Design of copper pipe. 192.125 Section 192.125... BY PIPELINE: MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS Pipe Design § 192.125 Design of copper pipe. (a) Copper... hard drawn. (b) Copper pipe used in service lines must have wall thickness not less than that indicated...

49 CFR 192.321 - Installation of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Installation of plastic pipe. 192.321 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level except as provided by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section. (b) Plastic pipe that is...

49 CFR 192.321 - Installation of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Installation of plastic pipe. 192.321 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level except as provided by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section. (b) Plastic pipe that is...

49 CFR 192.321 - Installation of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Installation of plastic pipe. 192.321 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level except as provided by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section. (b) Plastic pipe that is...

49 CFR 192.321 - Installation of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Installation of plastic pipe. 192.321 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level except as provided by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section. (b) Plastic pipe that is...

49 CFR 192.321 - Installation of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Installation of plastic pipe. 192.321 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.321 Installation of plastic pipe. (a) Plastic pipe must be installed below ground level except as provided by paragraphs (g) and (h) of this section. (b) Plastic pipe that is...

Heat Transfer Modeling of an Annular On-Line Spray Water Cooling Process for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe

PubMed Central

Chen, Zejun; Han, Huiquan; Ren, Wei; Huang, Guangjie

2015-01-01

On-line spray water cooling (OSWC) of electric-resistance-welded (ERW) steel pipes can replace the conventional off-line heat treatment process and become an important and critical procedure. The OSWC process improves production efficiency, decreases costs, and enhances the mechanical properties of ERW steel pipe, especially the impact properties of the weld joint. In this paper, an annular OSWC process is investigated based on an experimental simulation platform that can obtain precise real-time measurements of the temperature of the pipe, the water pressure and flux, etc. The effects of the modes of annular spray water cooling and related cooling parameters on the mechanical properties of the pipe are investigated. The temperature evolutions of the inner and outer walls of the pipe are measured during the spray water cooling process, and the uniformity of mechanical properties along the circumferential and longitudinal directions is investigated. A heat transfer coefficient model of spray water cooling is developed based on measured temperature data in conjunction with simulation using the finite element method. Industrial tests prove the validity of the heat transfer model of a steel pipe undergoing spray water cooling. The research results can provide a basis for the industrial application of the OSWC process in the production of ERW steel pipes. PMID:26201073

Heat Transfer Modeling of an Annular On-Line Spray Water Cooling Process for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe.

PubMed

Chen, Zejun; Han, Huiquan; Ren, Wei; Huang, Guangjie

2015-01-01

On-line spray water cooling (OSWC) of electric-resistance-welded (ERW) steel pipes can replace the conventional off-line heat treatment process and become an important and critical procedure. The OSWC process improves production efficiency, decreases costs, and enhances the mechanical properties of ERW steel pipe, especially the impact properties of the weld joint. In this paper, an annular OSWC process is investigated based on an experimental simulation platform that can obtain precise real-time measurements of the temperature of the pipe, the water pressure and flux, etc. The effects of the modes of annular spray water cooling and related cooling parameters on the mechanical properties of the pipe are investigated. The temperature evolutions of the inner and outer walls of the pipe are measured during the spray water cooling process, and the uniformity of mechanical properties along the circumferential and longitudinal directions is investigated. A heat transfer coefficient model of spray water cooling is developed based on measured temperature data in conjunction with simulation using the finite element method. Industrial tests prove the validity of the heat transfer model of a steel pipe undergoing spray water cooling. The research results can provide a basis for the industrial application of the OSWC process in the production of ERW steel pipes.

Heat Pipe Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1981-01-01

The heat pipe, a sealed chamber whose walls are lined with a "wick," a thin capillary network containing a working fluid in liquid form was developed for a heat distribution system for non-rotating satellites. Use of the heat pipe provides a continuous heat transfer mechanism. "Heat tubes" that improve temperature control in plastics manufacturing equipment incorporated the heat pipe technology. James M. Stewart, an independent consultant, patented the heat tubes he developed and granted a license to Kona Corporation. The Kona Nozzle for heaterless injection molding gets heat for its operation from an external source and has no internal heating bands, reducing machine maintenance and also eliminating electrical hazards associated with heater bands. The nozzles are used by Eastman Kodak, Bic Pen Corporation, Polaroid, Tupperware, Ford Motor Company, RCA, and Western Electric in the molding of their products.

76 FR 76396 - Combined Notice of Filings

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-07

... Due: 5 p.m. ET 12/12/11. Docket Numbers: RP12-198-000. Applicants: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company. Description: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company's FLLA Tariff Filing to be effective 1/1/2012. Filed Date: 11/30/11...

Pipe crawler development for duct elbow removal

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zollinger, W.T.; Treanor, R.C.

1992-01-01

This paper describes the development of equipment for removing an elbow in a 36 inch diameter ventilation line by cutting from the inside. Radiation levels, high air flow and physical constraints preclude any manual rework of the ventilation system. A remotely operated pipe crawler was developed. Testing has been performed in a full-scale mockup which models the ventilation duct configuration with the exception of radiation levels. The results gathered from the testing are discussed, and illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of the crawler and plasma arc torch system. To date, the equipment has successfully completed the tasks of maneuvering throughmore » the duct geometry, performing the two required cuts, and backing out of the duct mockup. The elbow successfully fell away from the main duct, showing that the line would be clear of obstructions.« less

Pipe crawler development for duct elbow removal

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zollinger, W.T.; Treanor, R.C.

1992-11-01

This paper describes the development of equipment for removing an elbow in a 36 inch diameter ventilation line by cutting from the inside. Radiation levels, high air flow and physical constraints preclude any manual rework of the ventilation system. A remotely operated pipe crawler was developed. Testing has been performed in a full-scale mockup which models the ventilation duct configuration with the exception of radiation levels. The results gathered from the testing are discussed, and illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of the crawler and plasma arc torch system. To date, the equipment has successfully completed the tasks of maneuvering throughmore » the duct geometry, performing the two required cuts, and backing out of the duct mockup. The elbow successfully fell away from the main duct, showing that the line would be clear of obstructions.« less

Dynamic simulation of relief line during loss of insulation vacuum of the ITER cryoline

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Badgujar, S.; Kosek, J.; Grillot, D.; Forgeas, A.; Sarkar, B.; Shah, N.; Choukekar, K.; Chang, H.-S.

2017-12-01

The ITER cryoline (CL) system consists of 37 types of vacuum jacketed transfer lines which forms a complex structured network with a total length of about 5 km, spread inside the Tokamak building, on a dedicated plant bridge and in the Cryoplant building/area. One of them, the low pressure relief line (RL) recovers helium discharged from process safety relief valves of the different cryogenic users and is sent it back to the Cryoplant via heater and recovery system. The process pipe diameters of the RL vary from DN 50 to DN 200 and the length is more than 1500 m. Loss of insulation vacuum (LIV) of a CL is one of the worst scenarios apart from LIV in Auxiliary Cold Boxes (ACBs). The Torus and Cryostat CL is chosen to simulate the virtual LIV and to study the anticipated behavior of the RL. Both helium LIV (LIV due to leak in helium pipe) and air LIV (LIV due to air ingress in outer vacuum jacket of the cryoline) with and without fire) have been simulated during this study. After the brief description of the CL system, the paper will describe the EcosimPro® model prepared for the dynamic study. The paper will also describe the results like minimum temperature of RL, mass flow and maximum pressure in the RL which are essentially used to choose the type and location of safety relief devices to protect the CL process pipes.

75 FR 6183 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe from the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-08

... antidumping duty investigation on certain seamless carbon and alloy steel standard, line, and pressure pipe from the People's Republic of China. See Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION (A-570-956) Certain Seamless Carbon and...

75 FR 11119 - Certain Large Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

... Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Japan: Extension of Time Limit for... review of the antidumping duty order on certain large diameter carbon and alloy seamless standard, line... manufacturers/exporters: JFE Steel Corporation; Nippon Steel Corporation; NKK Tubes; and Sumitomo Metal...

Development of a Remote External Repair Tool for Damaged or Defective Polyethylene Pipe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kenneth H. Green; Willie E. Rochefort; Nick Wannenmacher

2006-06-30

Current procedures for repairing polyethylene (PE) gas pipe require excavation, isolation, and removal of the damaged section of pipe followed by fusing a new section of pipe into place. These techniques are costly and very disruptive. An alternative repair method was developed at Timberline Tool with support from Oregon State University (OSU) and funding by the U. S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE/NETL). This project was undertaken to design, develop and test a tool and method for repairing damaged PE pipe remotely and externally in situ without squeezing off the flow of gas, eliminating the need formore » large-scale excavations. Through an iterative design and development approach, a final engineered prototype was developed that utilizes a unique thermo-chemical and mechanical process to apply a permanent external patch to repair small nicks, gouges and punctures under line pressure. The project identified several technical challenges during the design and development process. The repair tool must be capable of being installed under live conditions and operate in an 18-inch keyhole. This would eliminate the need for extensive excavations thus reducing the cost of the repair. Initially, the tool must be able to control the leak by encapsulating the pipe and apply slight pressure at the site of damage. Finally, the repair method must be permanent at typical operating pressures. The overall results of the project have established a permanent external repair method for use on damaged PE gas pipe in a safe and cost-effective manner. The engineered prototype was subjected to comprehensive testing and evaluation to validate the performance. Using the new repair tool, samples of 4-inch PE pipe with simulated damage were successfully repaired under line pressure to the satisfaction of DOE/NETL and the following natural gas companies: Northwest Natural; Sempra Energy, Southwest Gas Corporation, Questar, and Nicor. However, initial results of accelerated age testing on repaired pipe samples showed that the high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe patch material developed a small crack at the high stress areas surrounding the patched hole within the first 48 hours of hot water testing, indicating that the patch material has a 25-year lifespan. Based on these results, further research is continuing to develop a stronger repair patch for a satisfactory 50-year patch system. Additional tests were also conducted to evaluate whether any of the critical performance properties of the PE pipe were reduced or compromised by the repair technique. This testing validated a satisfactory 50-year patch system for the pipe.« less

Long-Term Behavior of Simulated Partial Lead Service Line Replacements

PubMed Central

St. Clair, Justin; Cartier, Clement; Triantafyllidou, Simoni; Clark, Brandi; Edwards, Marc

2016-01-01

Abstract In this 48-month pilot study, long-term impacts of copper:lead galvanic connections on lead release to water were assessed without confounding differences in pipe exposure prehistory or disturbances arising from cutting lead pipe. Lead release was tracked from three lead service line configurations, including (1) 100% lead, (2) traditional partial replacement with 50% copper upstream of 50% lead, and (3) 50% lead upstream of 50% copper as a function of flow rate, connection types, and sampling methodologies. Elevated lead from galvanic corrosion worsened with time, with 140% more lead release from configurations representing traditional partial replacement configurations at 14 months compared to earlier data in the first 8 months. Even when sampled consistently at moderate flow rate (8 LPM) and collecting all water passing through service lines, conditions representing traditional partial service line configurations were significantly worse (≈40%) when compared to 100% lead pipe. If sampled at a high flow rate (32 LPM) and collecting 2 L samples from service lines, 100% of samples collected from traditional partial replacement configurations exceeded thresholds posing an acute health risk versus a 0% risk for samples from 100% lead pipe. Temporary removal of lead accumulations near Pb:Cu junctions and lead deposits from other downstream plastic pipes reduced risk of partial replacements relative to that observed for 100% lead. When typical brass compression couplings were used to connect prepassivated lead pipes, lead release spiked up to 10 times higher, confirming prior concerns raised at bench and field scale regarding adverse impacts of crevices and service line disturbances on lead release. To quantify semirandom particulate lead release from service lines in future research, whole-house filters have many advantages compared to other approaches. PMID:26989344

Testing large volume water treatment and crude oil ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Report EPA’s Homeland Security Research Program (HSRP) partnered with the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to build the Water Security Test Bed (WSTB) at the INL test site outside of Idaho Falls, Idaho. The WSTB was built using an 8-inch (20 cm) diameter cement-mortar lined drinking water pipe that was previously taken out of service. The pipe was exhumed from the INL grounds and oriented in the shape of a small drinking water distribution system. Effluent from the pipe is captured in a lagoon. The WSTB can support drinking water distribution system research on a variety of drinking water treatment topics including biofilms, water quality, sensors, and homeland security related contaminants. Because the WSTB is constructed of real drinking water distribution system pipes, research can be conducted under conditions similar to those in a real drinking water system. In 2014, WSTB pipe was experimentally contaminated with Bacillus globigii spores, a non-pathogenic surrogate for the pathogenic B. anthracis, and then decontaminated using chlorine dioxide. In 2015, the WSTB was used to perform the following experiments: • Four mobile disinfection technologies were tested for their ability to disinfect large volumes of biologically contaminated “dirty” water from the WSTB. B. globigii spores acted as the biological contaminant. The four technologies evaluated included: (1) Hayward Saline C™ 6.0 Chlorination System, (2) Advanced Oxidation Process (A

Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of a Single-Pass Weld Overlay and Girth Welding in Lined Pipe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Obeid, Obeid; Alfano, Giulio; Bahai, Hamid

2017-08-01

The paper presents a nonlinear heat-transfer and mechanical finite-element (FE) analyses of a two-pass welding process of two segments of lined pipe made of a SUS304 stainless steel liner and a C-Mn steel pipe. The two passes consist of the single-pass overlay welding (inner lap weld) of the liner with the C-Mn steel pipe for each segment and the single-pass girth welding (outer butt weld) of the two segments. A distributed power density of the moving welding torch and a nonlinear heat-transfer coefficient accounting for both radiation and convection have been used in the analysis and implemented in user subroutines for the FE code ABAQUS. The modeling procedure has been validated against previously published experimental results for stainless steel and carbon steel welding separately. The model has been then used to determine the isotherms induced by the weld overlay and the girth welding and to clarify their influence on the transient temperature field and residual stress in the lined pipe. Furthermore, the influence of the cooling time between weld overlay and girth welding and of the welding speed have been examined thermally and mechanically as they are key factors that can affect the quality of lined pipe welding.

THE USEFULNESS OF SCALE ANALYSIS: EXAMPLES FROM EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS

EPA Science Inventory

Many water system managers and operators are curious about the value of analyzing the scales of drinking water pipes. Approximately 20 sections of lead service lines were removed in 2002 from various locations throughout the greater Boston distribution system, and were sent to ...

Peak Lead Levels and Diagnostics in Lead Service Lines Dominated by PbO2 - abstract

EPA Science Inventory

Multiple studies have presented “profiles” of water lead levels from tap to main through lead service lines (LSLs), in systems where the LSLs were coated with common Pb(II) corrosion solids. These Pb(II) solids were either actual Pb(II) minerals or Pb(II) sorbed onto other pipe ...

Iron and copper release in drinking-water distribution systems.

PubMed

Shi, Baoyou; Taylor, James S

2007-09-01

A large-scale pilot study was carried out to evaluate the impacts of changes in water source and treatment process on iron and copper release in water distribution systems. Finished surface waters, groundwaters, and desalinated waters were produced with seven different treatment systems and supplied to 18 pipe distribution systems (PDSs). The major water treatment processes included lime softening, ferric sulfate coagulation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and integrated membrane systems. PDSs were constructed from PVC, lined cast iron, unlined cast iron, and galvanized pipes. Copper pipe loops were set up for corrosion monitoring. Results showed that surface water after ferric sulfate coagulation had low alkalinity and high sulfates, and consequently caused the highest iron release. Finished groundwater treated by conventional method produced the lowest iron release but the highest copper release. The iron release of desalinated water was relatively high because of the water's high chloride level and low alkalinity. Both iron and copper release behaviors were influenced by temperature.

Loop Heat Pipe Temperature Oscillation Induced by Gravity Assist and Reservoir Heating

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ku, Jentung; Garrison, Matthew; Patel, Deepak; Robinson, Franklin; Ottenstein, Laura

2015-01-01

The Laser Thermal Control System (LCTS) for the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) to be installed on NASA's Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat-2) consists of a constant conductance heat pipe and a loop heat pipe (LHP) with an associated radiator. During the recent thermal vacuum testing of the LTCS where the LHP condenser/radiator was placed in a vertical position above the evaporator and reservoir, it was found that the LHP reservoir control heater power requirement was much higher than the analytical model had predicted. Even with the control heater turned on continuously at its full power, the reservoir could not be maintained at its desired set point temperature. An investigation of the LHP behaviors found that the root cause of the problem was fluid flow and reservoir temperature oscillations, which led to persistent alternate forward and reversed flow along the liquid line and an imbalance between the vapor mass flow rate in the vapor line and liquid mass flow rate in the liquid line. The flow and temperature oscillations were caused by an interaction between gravity and reservoir heating, and were exacerbated by the large thermal mass of the instrument simulator which modulated the net heat load to the evaporator, and the vertical radiator/condenser which induced a variable gravitational pressure head. Furthermore, causes and effects of the contributing factors to flow and temperature oscillations intermingled.

46 CFR 76.33-15 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... system serves a space used alternately for liquid and dry cargo, a valve shall be installed between the tank and the detecting cabinet so that the line may be shut off when liquids are carried. When the...

46 CFR 76.33-15 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... system serves a space used alternately for liquid and dry cargo, a valve shall be installed between the tank and the detecting cabinet so that the line may be shut off when liquids are carried. When the...

46 CFR 76.33-15 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... system serves a space used alternately for liquid and dry cargo, a valve shall be installed between the tank and the detecting cabinet so that the line may be shut off when liquids are carried. When the...

46 CFR 76.33-15 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... system serves a space used alternately for liquid and dry cargo, a valve shall be installed between the tank and the detecting cabinet so that the line may be shut off when liquids are carried. When the...

46 CFR 76.33-15 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... system serves a space used alternately for liquid and dry cargo, a valve shall be installed between the tank and the detecting cabinet so that the line may be shut off when liquids are carried. When the...

Rotary roller of no. 2 seamless line in bays 19 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Rotary roller of no. 2 seamless line in bays 19 and 20 of the main pipe mill building looking north. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Rotary roller mandrel of no. 2 seamless line in bays ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Rotary roller mandrel of no. 2 seamless line in bays 19 and 20 of the main pipe mill building looking south. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Taylorwilson four roll straightener of the no. 1 seamless line ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Taylor-wilson four roll straightener of the no. 1 seamless line in bay 12 of the main pipe mill building. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Multi-detector system approach for unattended uranium enrichment monitoring at gas centrifuge enrichment plants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Favalli, A.; Lombardi, M.; MacArthur, D. W.; McCluskey, C.; Moss, C. E.; Paffett, M. T.; Ianakiev, K. D.

2018-01-01

Improving the quality of safeguards measurements at Gas Centrifuge Enrichment Plants while reducing the inspection effort is an important objective given the number of existing and new plants that need to be safeguarded. A useful tool in many safeguards approaches is the on-line monitoring of enrichment in process pipes. One requirement of such a monitor is a simple, reliable and precise passive measurement of the 186-keV line from 235U. The other information required is the amount of gas in the pipe, which can be obtained by a transmission or pressure measurement. We describe our research to develop such a passive measurement system. Unfortunately, a complication arises in the interpretation of the gamma measurements, from the contribution of uranium deposits on the wall of the pipe to the 186-keV peak. A multi-detector approach to address this complication is presented where two measurements, one with signal primarily from gas and one with signal primarily from deposits, are performed simultaneously with different detectors and geometries. This allows a correction to be made to the 186-keV peak for the contribution from the deposit. We present the design of the multi-detector system and the results of the experimental calibration of the proof-of-principle prototype built at LANL.

Investigation of Tri-Service Heat Distribution Systems (Modernization of Existing Underground Heat Distribution Systems).

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-06-01

carrier pipe is usually insulated with preformed calcium silicate or mineral wool insulation. The preformed insula- tion is secured with stainless steel...glass or mineral wool insula- tion. Each tile is installed in this manner. Repair is difficult, but can be done by local workers with readily available...corrosion S Site I and return lines in of condensate line ( mineral wool insulation). 2. Ft. Campbell, 12 Tile system B No insulation was installed on

A bubble detection system for propellant filling pipeline

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wen, Wen; Zong, Guanghua; Bi, Shusheng

2014-06-15

This paper proposes a bubble detection system based on the ultrasound transmission method, mainly for probing high-speed bubbles in the satellite propellant filling pipeline. First, three common ultrasonic detection methods are compared and the ultrasound transmission method is used in this paper. Then, the ultrasound beam in a vertical pipe is investigated, suggesting that the width of the beam used for detection is usually smaller than the internal diameter of the pipe, which means that when bubbles move close to the pipe wall, they may escape from being detected. A special device is designed to solve this problem. It canmore » generate the spiral flow to force all the bubbles to ascend along the central line of the pipe. In the end, experiments are implemented to evaluate the performance of this system. Bubbles of five different sizes are generated and detected. Experiment results show that the sizes and quantity of bubbles can be estimated by this system. Also, the bubbles of different radii can be distinguished from each other. The numerical relationship between the ultrasound attenuation and the bubble radius is acquired and it can be utilized for estimating the unknown bubble size and measuring the total bubble volume.« less

49 CFR 192.319 - Installation of pipe in a ditch.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... transmission line that is to be operated at a pressure producing a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of SMYS must be installed so that the pipe fits the ditch so as to minimize stresses and protect the pipe... pipe coating from equipment or from the backfill material. (c) All offshore pipe in water at least 12...

49 CFR 192.319 - Installation of pipe in a ditch.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... transmission line that is to be operated at a pressure producing a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of SMYS must be installed so that the pipe fits the ditch so as to minimize stresses and protect the pipe... pipe coating from equipment or from the backfill material. (c) All offshore pipe in water at least 12...

Liquefied Natural Gas Transfer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1980-01-01

Chicago Bridge & Iron Company's tanks and associated piping are parts of system for transferring liquefied natural gas from ship to shore and storing it. LNG is a "cryogenic" fluid meaning that it must be contained and transferred at very low temperatures, about 260 degrees below Fahrenheit. Before the LNG can be pumped from the ship to the storage tanks, the two foot diameter transfer pipes must be cooled in order to avoid difficulties associated with sharp differences of temperature between the supercold fluid and relatively warm pipes. Cooldown is accomplished by sending small steady flow of the cryogenic substance through the pipeline; the rate of flow must be precisely controlled or the transfer line will be subjected to undesirable thermal stress.

46 CFR 56.97-38 - Initial service leak test (reproduces 137.7).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... is turbine extraction piping where shut-off valves are not available for isolating a line and where temporary closures are impractical. Others may be systems for service water, low pressure condensate, plant...

46 CFR 56.97-38 - Initial service leak test (reproduces 137.7).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... is turbine extraction piping where shut-off valves are not available for isolating a line and where temporary closures are impractical. Others may be systems for service water, low pressure condensate, plant...

46 CFR 56.97-38 - Initial service leak test (reproduces 137.7).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... is turbine extraction piping where shut-off valves are not available for isolating a line and where temporary closures are impractical. Others may be systems for service water, low pressure condensate, plant...

46 CFR 56.97-38 - Initial service leak test (reproduces 137.7).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... is turbine extraction piping where shut-off valves are not available for isolating a line and where temporary closures are impractical. Others may be systems for service water, low pressure condensate, plant...

Interprovincial has completed the 540-mile Norman Wells line

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rowland, L.O.

Interprovinial Pipe Line Ltd., has completed and is now operating the 540-mi., 12-in. crude trunkline from Norman Wells, Northwest Territories, to Zama, Alberta. This is the largest and the only significant pipe line to be built north of the provincial boundaries. Construction was completed a month ahead of schedule and was comfortably under budget, through two winter seasons.

Sintered Lining for Heat-Pipe Evaporator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ernst, D. M.; Eastman, G. Y.

1985-01-01

Hotspots eliminated by lining inner wall. Distribution of heat transfer liquid in heat-pipe evaporator improved by lining inner wall with layer of sintered metal. Sintered layer takes place of layer of screen wick formerly sintered or bonded to wall. Since sintered layer always full of liquid, no hotspot of type that previously arose where former screen wick did not fit properly against wall.

The subsea deployment and installation of flexible pipe catenaries for the Enserch Garden Banks 388 Freestanding Production Riser

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Herman, R.J.

1997-07-01

This narrative addresses the development of the subsea flexible pipe catenary handling tools and procedures as used in the Gulf of Mexico on the Enserch Garden Banks 388 Freestanding Production Riser. The philosophy that was invoked for the development of the tools and procedures was targeted on long term utilization and field maintenance capability with minimum vessel relocation requirements and minimum production interruptions. The initial emphasis for the required tools and procedures was to develop worker safe, environmentally friendly and cost effective equipment. These tools are for the deployment and installation of 3-inch Production and Annulus flexible pipe catenaries frommore » the Enserch Garden Banks 388 Floating Production Vessel to the system`s Freestanding Production Riser. The Pull In Jib system is common to the handling of all the catenaries. The Pull In Jib system has been designed to support the greater loads of the 8-inch and 12-inch export line catenaries.« less

Drinking water contaminants from epoxy resin-coated pipes: A field study.

PubMed

Rajasärkkä, Johanna; Pernica, Marek; Kuta, Jan; Lašňák, Jonáš; Šimek, Zdenĕk; Bláha, Luděk

2016-10-15

Rehabilitation of aged drinking water pipes is an extensive renovation and increasingly topical in many European cities. Spray-on-lining of drinking water pipes is an alternative cost-effective rehabilitation technology in which the insides of pipes are relined with organic polymer. A commonly used polymer is epoxy resin consisting of monomer bisphenol A (BPA). Leaching of BPA from epoxy lining to drinking water has been a concern among public and authorities. Currently epoxy lining is not recommended in some countries. BPA leaching has been demonstrated in laboratory studies but the behavior and ageing process of epoxy lining in situ is not well known. In this study 6 locations with different age epoxy linings of drinking water pipes done using two distinct technologies were studied. While bisphenol F, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-t-octylphenol were rarely found and in trace concentrations, BPA was detected in majority of samples. Pipes lined with the older technology (LSE) leached more BPA than those with more recent technology (DonPro): maxima in cold water were 0.25 μg/L and 10 ng/L, respectively. Incubation of water in pipes 8-10 h prior to sampling increased BPA concentration in cold water 1.1-43-fold. Hot water temperature caused even more BPA leaching - at maximum 23.5 μg/L. The influence of ageing of epoxy lining on BPA leaching on could be shown in case of LSE technology: locations with 8-9 years old lining leached 4-20-fold more BPA compared to a location with 2-year-old lining. Analysis of metals showed that epoxy lining can reduce especially iron concentration in water. No significant burden to water could be shown by the analyzed 72 volatile organic compounds, including epichlorhydrin, precursor used in epoxy resin. Estrogenicity was detected in water samples with the highest BPA loads. Comparable responses of two yeast bioreporters (estrogen receptor α and BPA-targeted) indicated that bisphenol-like compounds were the main cause of estrogenicity. Compared to the estimated average daily BPA exposure, additional BPA load via cold drinking water in the studied locations was low, maximum 8.7%. However, hot water should also be considered as exposure source due to higher BPA concentrations. Epoxy lined locations should be monitored in future in order to evaluate ageing process and control increasing leaching of potentially harmful chemicals. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

"Bridge #6 Rock Creek: Castiron 48" pipe lines to ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

"Bridge #6 - Rock Creek: Cast-iron 48" pipe lines to Gravity - 1859." Construction photo of Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge, 1859. Photograph courtesy Washington Aqueduct Division, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge, Spanning Rock Creek & Potomac Parkway, Washington, District of Columbia, DC

Procedure improves line pipe Charpy test interpretation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rosenfeld, M.J.

1997-04-14

The Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact test is a method of characterizing a line-pipe material`s notch toughness and resistance to fracture growth. Although CVN testing of line pipe material is routine, test results are sometimes misinterpreted because of specimen size and load rate on actual toughness transition behavior. These effects are readily accounted for by a simple mathematical procedure, offered here, which enables extrapolation of the full-scale transition curve from as little as a single subsize specimen test. This procedure is useful when the toughness transition curve is incomplete or nonexistent. Toughness data may be incomplete because the API 5L toughnessmore » test establishes minimum performance at a single temperature, which does not reveal the full transition curve. Toughness data may be nonexistent because the first requirements for toughness testing of line pipe appeared in the 16th Edition of API 5LX in 1969, and those requirements remain at the option of the purchaser today.« less

40 CFR 65.163 - Other records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...) Detailed schematics, design specifications of the control device, and piping and instrumentation diagrams... FEDERAL AIR RULE Closed Vent Systems, Control Devices, and Routing to a Fuel Gas System or a Process § 65... bypass lines that could divert a vent stream away from the control device and to the atmosphere, the...

INTERIOR VIEW, LOOKING WEST, WITH PIPE BEING SPRAYED WITH ZINC ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

INTERIOR VIEW, LOOKING WEST, WITH PIPE BEING SPRAYED WITH ZINC COATING. - United States Pipe & Foundry Company Plant, Coating, Painting, Lining & Packaging Building, 2023 St. Louis Avenue at I-20/59, Bessemer, Jefferson County, AL

Swivel Joint For Liquid Nitrogen

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Milner, James F.

1988-01-01

Swivel joint allows liquid-nitrogen pipe to rotate through angle of 100 degree with respect to mating pipe. Functions without cracking hard foam insulation on lines. Pipe joint rotates on disks so mechanical stress not transmitted to thick insulation on pipes. Inner disks ride on fixed outer disks. Disks help to seal pressurized liquid nitrogen flowing through joint.

49 CFR 192.311 - Repair of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Repair of plastic pipe. 192.311 Section 192.311... Lines and Mains § 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe. Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of plastic pipe must be repaired or removed. [Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003] ...

49 CFR 192.311 - Repair of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Repair of plastic pipe. 192.311 Section 192.311... Lines and Mains § 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe. Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of plastic pipe must be repaired or removed. [Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003] ...

49 CFR 192.311 - Repair of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Repair of plastic pipe. 192.311 Section 192.311... Lines and Mains § 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe. Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of plastic pipe must be repaired or removed. [Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003] ...

49 CFR 192.311 - Repair of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Repair of plastic pipe. 192.311 Section 192.311... Lines and Mains § 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe. Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of plastic pipe must be repaired or removed. [Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003] ...

49 CFR 192.311 - Repair of plastic pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Repair of plastic pipe. 192.311 Section 192.311... Lines and Mains § 192.311 Repair of plastic pipe. Each imperfection or damage that would impair the serviceability of plastic pipe must be repaired or removed. [Amdt. 192-93, 68 FR 53900, Sept. 15, 2003] ...

Flexible mobile robot system for smart optical pipe inspection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kampfer, Wolfram; Bartzke, Ralf; Ziehl, Wolfgang

1998-03-01

Damages of pipes can be inspected and graded by TV technology available on the market. Remotely controlled vehicles carry a TV-camera through pipes. Thus, depending on the experience and the capability of the operator, diagnosis failures can not be avoided. The classification of damages requires the knowledge of the exact geometrical dimensions of the damages such as width and depth of cracks, fractures and defect connections. Within the framework of a joint R&D project a sensor based pipe inspection system named RODIAS has been developed with two partners from industry and research institute. It consists of a remotely controlled mobile robot which carries intelligent sensors for on-line sewerage inspection purpose. The sensor is based on a 3D-optical sensor and a laser distance sensor. The laser distance sensor is integrated in the optical system of the camera and can measure the distance between camera and object. The angle of view can be determined from the position of the pan and tilt unit. With coordinate transformations it is possible to calculate the spatial coordinates for every point of the video image. So the geometry of an object can be described exactly. The company Optimess has developed TriScan32, a special software for pipe condition classification. The user can start complex measurements of profiles, pipe displacements or crack widths simply by pressing a push-button. The measuring results are stored together with other data like verbal damage descriptions and digitized images in a data base.

Miniature Heat Transport System for Spacecraft Thermal Control

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ochterbeck, Jay M.; Ku, Jentung (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

Loop heat pipes (LHP) are efficient devices for heat transfer and use the basic principle of a closed evaporation-condensation cycle. The advantage of using a loop heat pipe over other conventional methods is that large quantities of heat can be transported through a small cross-sectional area over a considerable distance with no additional power input to the system. By using LHPs, it seems possible to meet the growing demand for high-power cooling devices. Although they are somewhat similar to conventional heat pipes, LHPs have a whole set of unique properties, such as low pressure drops and flexible lines between condenser and evaporator, that make them rather promising. LHPs are capable of providing a means of transporting heat over long distances with no input power other than the heat being transported because of the specially designed evaporator and the separation of liquid and vapor lines. For LHP design and fabrication, preliminary analysis on the basis of dimensionless criteria is necessary because of certain complicated phenomena that take place in the heat pipe. Modeling the performance of the LHP and miniaturizing its size are tasks and objectives of current research. In the course of h s work, the LHP and its components, including the evaporator (the most critical and complex part of the LHP), were modeled with the corresponding dimensionless groups also being investigated. Next, analysis of heat and mass transfer processes in the LHP, selection of the most weighted criteria from known dimensionless groups (thermal-fluid sciences), heat transfer rate limits, (heat pipe theory), and experimental ratios which are unique to a given heat pipe class are discussed. In the third part of the report, two-phase flow heat and mass transfer performances inside the LHP condenser are analyzed and calculated for Earth-normal gravity and microgravity conditions. On the basis of recent models and experimental databanks, an analysis for condensing two-phase flow regimes, pressure gradients, and local heat transfer coefficients using ammonia, propylene, and R134, are carried out.

Piping Connector

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1994-01-01

In Stennis Space Center's Component Test Facility, piping lines carry rocket propellants and high pressure cryogenic fuels. When the lines are chilled to a pretest temperature of 400 degrees below zero, ordinary piping connectors can leak. Under contract to Stennis, Reflange, Inc. developed the T-Con connector, which included a secondary seal that tolerates severe temperature change. Because of the limited need for the large and expensive T-Con product, Reflange also developed the less costly E-Con, a smaller more compact design with the same technical advantages as the T-Con.

Monitoring copper release in drinking water distribution systems.

PubMed

d'Antonio, L; Fabbricino, M; Panico, A

2008-01-01

A new procedure, recently proposed for on-line monitoring of copper released from metal pipes in household plumbing system for drinking water distribution during the development of corrosion processes, is tested experimentally. Experiments were carried out in laboratory controlled conditions, using synthetic water and varying the water alkalinity. The possibility of using the corrosion potential as a surrogate measure of copper concentration in stagnating water is shown, verifying, in the meantime, the effect of alkalinity on the development of passivation phenomena, which tend to protect the pipe from corrosion processes. Experimental data are discussed, highlighting the potentiality of the procedure, and recognizing its limitations. Copyright IWA Publishing 2008.

Solar energy collection system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, C. G.; Stephens, J. B. (Inventor)

1979-01-01

A fixed, linear, ground-based primary reflector having an extended curved sawtooth-contoured surface covered with a metalized polymeric reflecting material, reflects solar energy to a movably supported collector that is kept at the concentrated line focus reflector primary. The primary reflector may be constructed by a process utilizing well known freeway paving machinery. The solar energy absorber is preferably a fluid transporting pipe. Efficient utilization leading to high temperatures from the reflected solar energy is obtained by cylindrical shaped secondary reflectors that direct off-angle energy to the absorber pipe. A seriatim arrangement of cylindrical secondary reflector stages and spot-forming reflector stages produces a high temperature solar energy collection system of greater efficiency.

33 CFR 157.138 - Crude Oil Washing Operations and Equipment Manual.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... VESSELS CARRYING OIL IN BULK Crude Oil Washing (COW) System on Tank Vessels Design, Equipment, and... 15 of the MARPOL 73/78. (2) A line drawing of the tank vessel's COW system showing the locations of pumps, piping, and COW machines. (3) A description of the COW system. (4) The procedure for the...

77 FR 59391 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-27

... Proposed Brandywine Creek Replacement Project; Request for Comments on Environmental Issues; and Notice of... Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC's (Transco) proposed Brandywine Creek Replacement Project (Project... participation section of this notice. FERC Public Scoping Meeting, Brandywine Creek Replacement Project, October...

77 FR 46385 - Certain Small Diameter Seamless Carbon and Alloy Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Germany...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-03

...: Seamless pressure pipes are intended for the conveyance of water, steam, petrochemicals, chemicals, oil... Mechanical Engineers (ASME) code stress levels. Alloy pipes made to ASTM standard A-335 must be used if temperatures and stress levels exceed those allowed for A-106 and the ASME codes. Seamless pressure pipes sold...

49 CFR 192.309 - Repair of steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Repair of steel pipe. 192.309 Section 192.309... Lines and Mains § 192.309 Repair of steel pipe. (a) Each imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a length of steel pipe must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the...

49 CFR 192.309 - Repair of steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Repair of steel pipe. 192.309 Section 192.309... Lines and Mains § 192.309 Repair of steel pipe. (a) Each imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a length of steel pipe must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the...

49 CFR 192.309 - Repair of steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Repair of steel pipe. 192.309 Section 192.309... Lines and Mains § 192.309 Repair of steel pipe. (a) Each imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a length of steel pipe must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the...

49 CFR 192.309 - Repair of steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Repair of steel pipe. 192.309 Section 192.309... Lines and Mains § 192.309 Repair of steel pipe. (a) Each imperfection or damage that impairs the serviceability of a length of steel pipe must be repaired or removed. If a repair is made by grinding, the...

Understanding the environmental implications of cured-in-place pipe rehabilitation technology.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

Cured-in-place (CIPP) rehabilitation is a commonly used technology for pipe repair, and transportation agencies are using CIPP technology to repair damaged pipe culverts. In typical CIPP applications, a lining tube saturated with a thermosetting resi...

Wrapped Multilayer Insulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dye, Scott A.

2015-01-01

New NASA vehicles, such as Earth Departure Stage (EDS), Orion, landers, and orbiting fuel depots, need improved cryogenic propellant transfer and storage for long-duration missions. Current cryogen feed line multilayer insulation (MLI) performance is 10 times worse per area than tank MLI insulation. During each launch, cryogenic piping loses approximately 150,000 gallons (equivalent to $300,000) in boil-off during transfer, chill down, and ground hold. Quest Product Development Corp., teaming with Ball Aerospace, developed an innovative advanced insulation system, Wrapped MLI (wMLI), to provide improved thermal insulation for cryogenic feed lines. wMLI is high-performance multilayer insulation designed for cryogenic piping. It uses Quest's innovative discrete-spacer technology to control layer spacing/ density and reduce heat leak. The Phase I project successfully designed, built, and tested a wMLI prototype with a measured heat leak 3.6X lower than spiral-wrapped conventional MLI widely used for piping insulation. A wMLI prototype had a heat leak of 7.3 W/sq m, or 27 percent of the heat leak of conventional MLI (26.7 W/sq m). The Phase II project is further developing wMLI technology with custom, molded polymer spacers and advancing the product toward commercialization via a rigorous testing program, including developing advanced vacuuminsulated pipe for ground support equipment.

Wrapped Multilayer Insulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dye, Scott A.

2015-01-01

New NASA vehicles, such as Earth Departure Stage (EDS), Orion, landers, and orbiting fuel depots, need improved cryogenic propellant transfer and storage for long-duration missions. Current cryogen feed line multilayer insulation (MLI) performance is 10 times worse per area than tank MLI insulation. During each launch, cryogenic piping loses approximately 150,000 gallons (equivalent to $300,000) in boil-off during transfer, chill down, and ground hold. Quest Product Development Corp., teaming with Ball Aerospace, developed an innovative advanced insulation system, Wrapped MLI (wMLI), to provide improved thermal insulation for cryogenic feed lines. wMLI is high-performance multilayer insulation designed for cryogenic piping. It uses Quest's innovative discrete-spacer technology to control layer spacing/ density and reduce heat leak. The Phase I project successfully designed, built, and tested a wMLI prototype with a measured heat leak 3.6X lower than spiral-wrapped conventional MLI widely used for piping insulation. A wMLI prototype had a heat leak of 7.3 W/m2, or 27 percent of the heat leak of conventional MLI (26.7 W/m2). The Phase II project is further developing wMLI technology with custom, molded polymer spacers and advancing the product toward commercialization via a rigorous testing program, including developing advanced vacuuminsulated pipe for ground support equipment.

Technology Demonstration: Acoustic Condition Assessment of Wastewater Collection Systems

EPA Science Inventory

The overall objective of this EPA-funded study was to demonstrate innovative sewer line assessment technologies that are designed for rapid deployment using portable equipment. This study focused on demonstration of technologies that are suitable for smaller diameter pipes (less ...

Demonstration of Innovative Sewer System Inspection Technology: SL-RAT

EPA Science Inventory

The overall objective of this EPA-funded study was to demonstrate innovative sewer line assessment technologies that are designed for rapid deployment using portable equipment. This study focused on demonstration of technologies that are suitable for smaller diameter pipes (less ...

MICROBIAL GROWTH IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

Drinking water is not sterile. Microbes are commonly found in delivered water. Some survive treatment, while others may be introduced due to cross connections, line breaks, or by other means. Biofilm forms in drinking water pipes when bacteria and other organisms adhere to pip...

76 FR 45617 - Notice of Lodging of the Consent Decree Under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-29

... underground storage tank (UST) facilities; failure to perform annual tests of automatic line leak detectors... detectors for piping on the UST systems. CHEVRON also agrees under the Consent Decree to install dispenser...

Dynamic model including piping acoustics of a centrifugal compression system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van Helvoirt, Jan; de Jager, Bram

2007-04-01

This paper deals with low-frequency pulsation phenomena in full-scale centrifugal compression systems associated with compressor surge. The Greitzer lumped parameter model is applied to describe the dynamic behavior of an industrial compressor test rig and experimental evidence is provided for the presence of acoustic pulsations in the compression system under study. It is argued that these acoustic phenomena are common for full-scale compression systems where pipe system dynamics have a significant influence on the overall system behavior. The main objective of this paper is to extend the basic compressor model in order to include the relevant pipe system dynamics. For this purpose a pipeline model is proposed, based on previous developments for fluid transmission lines. The connection of this model to the lumped parameter model is accomplished via the selection of appropriate boundary conditions. Validation results will be presented, showing a good agreement between simulation and measurement data. The results indicate that the damping of piping transients depends on the nominal, time-varying pressure and flow velocity. Therefore, model parameters are made dependent on the momentary pressure and a switching nonlinearity is introduced into the model to vary the acoustic damping as a function of flow velocity. These modifications have limited success and the results indicate that a more sophisticated model is required to fully describe all (nonlinear) acoustic effects. However, the very good qualitative results show that the model adequately combines compressor and pipe system dynamics. Therefore, the proposed model forms a step forward in the analysis and modeling of surge in full-scale centrifugal compression systems and opens the path for further developments in this field.

THE MINERALOGY OF PB SCALES IN DRINKING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS AS REVEALED BY COMBINED XRD AND MICRO-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

EPA Science Inventory

Dissolving Pb from lead service lines and Pb-containing brasses and solders has become a major health issue for many water distribution systems. Knowledge of the mineralogy of scales in these pipes is key to modeling this dissolution. The traditional method of determining their ...

Multi-detector system approach for unattended uranium enrichment monitoring at gas centrifuge enrichment plants

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Favalli, A.; Lombardi, M.; MacArthur, D. W.

Improving the quality of safeguards measurements at Gas Centrifuge Enrichment Plants while reducing the inspection effort is an important objective given the number of existing and new plants that need to be safeguarded. A useful tool in many safeguards approaches is the on-line monitoring of enrichment in process pipes. One requirement of such a monitor is a simple, reliable and precise passive measurement of the 186-keV line from 235U. The other information required is the amount of gas in the pipe, which can be obtained by a transmission or pressure measurement. Here, we describe our research to develop such amore » passive measurement system. Unfortunately, a complication arises in the interpretation of the gamma measurements, from the contribution of uranium deposits on the wall of the pipe to the 186-keV peak. A multi-detector approach to address this complication is presented where two measurements, one with signal primarily from gas and one with signal primarily from deposits, are performed simultaneously with different detectors and geometries. This allows a correction to be made to the 186-keV peak for the contribution from the deposit. Finally, we present the design of the multi-detector system and the results of the experimental calibration of the proof-of-principle prototype built at LANL.« less

Multi-detector system approach for unattended uranium enrichment monitoring at gas centrifuge enrichment plants

DOE PAGES

Favalli, A.; Lombardi, M.; MacArthur, D. W.; ...

2017-09-14

Improving the quality of safeguards measurements at Gas Centrifuge Enrichment Plants while reducing the inspection effort is an important objective given the number of existing and new plants that need to be safeguarded. A useful tool in many safeguards approaches is the on-line monitoring of enrichment in process pipes. One requirement of such a monitor is a simple, reliable and precise passive measurement of the 186-keV line from 235U. The other information required is the amount of gas in the pipe, which can be obtained by a transmission or pressure measurement. Here, we describe our research to develop such amore » passive measurement system. Unfortunately, a complication arises in the interpretation of the gamma measurements, from the contribution of uranium deposits on the wall of the pipe to the 186-keV peak. A multi-detector approach to address this complication is presented where two measurements, one with signal primarily from gas and one with signal primarily from deposits, are performed simultaneously with different detectors and geometries. This allows a correction to be made to the 186-keV peak for the contribution from the deposit. Finally, we present the design of the multi-detector system and the results of the experimental calibration of the proof-of-principle prototype built at LANL.« less

View looking east in the main pipe mill building at ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View looking east in the main pipe mill building at the operators pulpit of the east-west reelers, no. 2 seamless line. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

49 CFR 192.315 - Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. 192.315 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. (a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel... wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following: (1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks. (2...

49 CFR 192.315 - Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. 192.315 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. (a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel... wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following: (1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks. (2...

49 CFR 192.315 - Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. 192.315 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. (a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel... wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following: (1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks. (2...

49 CFR 192.315 - Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. 192.315 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. (a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel... wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following: (1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks. (2...

49 CFR 192.315 - Wrinkle bends in steel pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. 192.315 Section 192... Transmission Lines and Mains § 192.315 Wrinkle bends in steel pipe. (a) A wrinkle bend may not be made on steel... wrinkle bend on steel pipe must comply with the following: (1) The bend must not have any sharp kinks. (2...

77 FR 54926 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel; Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Germany

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-06

... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation No. 731-TA-709 (Third Review)] Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel; Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From Germany Determination On the basis of the record \\1\\ developed in the subject five-year review, the United States International Trade Commission...

Evaluation of abrasion resistance of pipe and pipe lining materials.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-09-01

This project summarizes an evaluation of pipe material resistance to abrasion over a 5-year period (2001-2006) at a site known to be abrasive. : The key focus of the project was to gather more information to compare against existing guidance to desig...

Lower San Fernando corrugated metal pipe failure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bardet, J.P.; Davis, C.A.

1995-12-31

During the January 17, 1994, Northridge earthquake, a 2.4 m diameter corrugated metal pipe was subjected to 90 m of extensive lateral crushing failure at the Lower San Fernando Dam. The dam and outlet works were reconstructed after the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake. In 1994, the dam underwent liquefaction upstream of the reconstructed berm. The pipe collapsed on the west side of the liquefied zone and a large sinkhole formed over the drain line. The failure of this drain line provides a unique opportunity to study the seismic response of buried drains and culverts.

Norman Wells oil line to be wintertime projects

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hale, D.

Mobilization is underway for the first construction season on $1.3 billion (Canadian) Norman Wells oil pipeline between Norman Wells, N.W. Terr., and Zama, Alta. The 537-mile, 12-in. crude oil line is being built by Interprovincial Pipe Line Co., Ltd. Because of ground conditions in the Mackenzie River delta, where the pipeline will be installed, work must be done while the ground is frozen--essentially a 90-day period from Jan. through early April. Pipe for the line, all 12-in. nominal diameter, has wall thickness varying from 9.39 to 9.53 mm and is grade 5LX-52 with special notch toughness for Arctic use, achievedmore » with additives to the steel plus special refined rolling techniques. The pipe is coated with extruded polyethylene and then shipped by truck and railcar.« less

Flow Accelerated Erosion-Corrosion (FAC) considerations for secondary side piping in the AP1000{sup R} nuclear power plant design

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vanderhoff, J. F.; Rao, G. V.; Stein, A.

2012-07-01

The issue of Flow Accelerated Erosion-Corrosion (FAC) in power plant piping is a known phenomenon that has resulted in material replacements and plant accidents in operating power plants. Therefore, it is important for FAC resistance to be considered in the design of new nuclear power plants. This paper describes the design considerations related to FAC that were used to develop a safe and robust AP1000{sup R} plant secondary side piping design. The primary FAC influencing factors include: - Fluid Temperature - Pipe Geometry/layout - Fluid Chemistry - Fluid Velocity - Pipe Material Composition - Moisture Content (in steam lines) Duemore » to the unknowns related to the relative impact of the influencing factors and the complexities of the interactions between these factors, it is difficult to accurately predict the expected wear rate in a given piping segment in a new plant. This paper provides: - a description of FAC and the factors that influence the FAC degradation rate, - an assessment of the level of FAC resistance of AP1000{sup R} secondary side system piping, - an explanation of options to increase FAC resistance and associated benefits/cost, - discussion of development of a tool for predicting FAC degradation rate in new nuclear power plants. (authors)« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Keller, M.R.

A pneumatically deployed membrane system was used to conduct radiological surveys of the pipes and drains at a Department of Energy (DOE) Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) site in Adrian, Michigan. Remedial action consisted of the removal of residual radioactive sludge and oil. The innovative technology was used to transport a high-sensitivity probe specifically designed for this application, through designated pipes and drains. Use of this system made it possible to survey over 1,000 linear ft of underground drain line in one week, with no significant safety hazards. This was the first time this technology had been fieldmore » tested at a site, resulting in cost savings of more than $1.5 million.« less

Remediation of Mercury-Contaminated Storm Sewer Sediments from the West End Mercury Area at the Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee - 12061

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tremaine, Diana; Douglas, Steven G.

2012-07-01

The Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge, TN has faced an ongoing challenge from mercury entrapped in soils beneath and adjacent to buildings, storm sewers, and process pipelines. Previous actions to reduce the quantity and/or mobilization of mercury-contaminated media have included plugging of building floor drains, cleaning of sediment and sludge from sumps, manholes, drain lines, and storm sewers, lining/relining of storm sewers and replacement of a portion of the storm sewer trunk line, re-routing and removal of process piping, and installation of the Central Mercury Treatment System to capture and treat contaminated sump water. Despite the success ofmore » these actions, mercury flux in the storm sewer out-falls that discharge to Upper East Fork Poplar Creek (UEFPC) continues to pose a threat to long-term water quality. A video camera survey of the storm sewer network revealed several sections of storm sewer that had large cracks, separations, swells, and accumulations of sediment/sludge and debris. The selected remedy was to clean and line the sections of storm sewer pipe that were determined to be primary contributors to the mercury flux in the storm sewer out-falls. The project, referred to as the West End Mercury Area (WEMA) Storm Sewer Remediation Project, included cleaning sediment and debris from over 2,460 meters of storm sewer pipe followed by the installation of nearly 366 meters of cure-in-place pipe (CIPP) liner. One of the greatest challenges to the success of this project was the high cost of disposal associated with the mercury-contaminated sludge and wastewater generated from the storm sewer cleaning process. A contractor designed and operated an on-site wastewater pre-treatment system that successfully reduced mercury levels in 191 cubic meters of sludge to levels that allowed it to be disposed at Nevada Nuclear Security Site (NNSS) disposal cell as a non-hazardous, low-level waste. The system was also effective at pre-treating over 1,514,000 liters of wastewater to levels that met the waste acceptance criteria for the on-site West End [wastewater] Treatment Facility (WETF). This paper describes the storm sewer cleaning and lining process and the methods used to process the mercury-contaminated sludge and wastewater, as well as several 'lessons learned' that would be relevant to any future projects involving storm sewer cleaning and debris remediation. (authors)« less

76 FR 7815 - Certain Large Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe (Over 41/2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-11

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-588-850] Certain Large Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe (Over 4\\1/2\\ Inches) From Japan: Extension of... administrative review of the antidumping duty order on certain large diameter carbon and alloy seamless standard...

75 FR 42738 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. PF10-16-000] Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Assessment for the Planned Mid-Atlantic Connector Expansion Project, Request for Comments on Environmental Issues, and Notice of Public Scoping Meeting July 15, 2010. The...

78 FR 33403 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. PF13-5-000] Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Assessment for the Planned Leidy Southeast Expansion Project, Request for Comments on Environmental Issues, and Notice of Public Scoping Meetings The staff of the Federal...

Demonstration of Innovative Sewer System Inspection Technology SewerBatt

EPA Science Inventory

The overall objective of this EPA-funded study was to demonstrate innovative a sewer line assessment technology that is designed for rapid deployment using portable equipment. This study focused on demonstration of a technology that is suitable for smaller diameter pipes (less th...

U.S. EPA Technology Demonstration: Acoustic Condition Assessment of Wastewater Collection Systems

EPA Science Inventory

The overall objective of this EPA-funded study was to demonstrate innovative sewer line assessment technologies that are designed for rapid deployment using portable equipment. This study focused on demonstration of technologies that are suitable for smaller diameter pipes (less ...

49 CFR 192.328 - Additional construction requirements for steel pipe using alternative maximum allowable operating...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Additional construction requirements for steel pipe using alternative maximum allowable operating pressure. 192.328 Section 192.328 Transportation... Lines and Mains § 192.328 Additional construction requirements for steel pipe using alternative maximum...

49 CFR 192.328 - Additional construction requirements for steel pipe using alternative maximum allowable operating...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Additional construction requirements for steel pipe using alternative maximum allowable operating pressure. 192.328 Section 192.328 Transportation... Lines and Mains § 192.328 Additional construction requirements for steel pipe using alternative maximum...

Visualization of Flow in Pressurizer Spray Line Piping and Estimation of Thermal Stress Fluctuation Caused by Swaying of Water Surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oumaya, Toru; Nakamura, Akira; Onojima, Daisuke; Takenaka, Nobuyuki

The pressurizer spray line of PWR plants cools reactor coolant by injecting water into pressurizer. Since the continuous spray flow rate during commercial operation of the plant is considered insufficient to fill the pipe completely, there is a concern that a water surface exists in the pipe and may periodically sway. In order to identify the flow regimes in spray line piping and assess their impact on pipe structure, a flow visualization experiment was conducted. In the experiment, air was used substituted for steam to simulate the gas phase of the pressurizer, and the flow instability causing swaying without condensation was investigated. With a full-scale mock-up made of acrylic, flow under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions was visualized, and possible flow regimes were identified based on the results of the experiment. Three representative patterns of swaying of water surface were assumed, and the range of thermal stress fluctuation, when the surface swayed instantaneously, was calculated. With the three patterns of swaying assumed based on the visualization experiment, it was confirmed that the thermal stress amplitude would not exceed the fatigue endurance limit prescribed in the Japanese Design and Construction Code.

Quality assurance in the production of pipe fittings by automatic laser-based material identification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moench, Ingo; Peter, Laszlo; Priem, Roland; Sturm, Volker; Noll, Reinhard

1999-09-01

In plants of the chemical, nuclear and off-shore industry, application specific high-alloyed steels are used for pipe fittings. Mixing of different steel grades can lead to corrosion with severe consequential damages. Growing quality requirements and environmental responsibilities demand a 100% material control in the production of the pipe fittings. Therefore, LIFT, an automatic inspection machine, was developed to insure against any mix of material grades. LIFT is able to identify more than 30 different steel grades. The inspection method is based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectrometry (LIBS). An expert system, which can be easily trained and recalibrated, was developed for the data evaluation. The result of the material inspection is transferred to an external handling system via a PLC interface. The duration of the inspection process is 2 seconds. The graphical user interface was developed with respect to the requirements of an unskilled operator. The software is based on a realtime operating system and provides a safe and reliable operation. An interface for the remote maintenance by modem enables a fast operational support. Logged data are retrieved and evaluated. This is the basis for an adaptive improvement of the configuration of LIFT with respect to changing requirements in the production line. Within the first six months of routine operation, about 50000 pipe fittings were inspected.

40 CFR 63.961 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... includes hard-piping, all drains and junction boxes, together with their associated sewer lines and other junction boxes (e.g., manholes, sumps, and lift stations) conveying regulated-material. For the purpose of... segregated from all other individual drain systems. Junction box means a sump, manhole, or access point to a...

76 FR 40717 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-11

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. PF11-4-000] Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Assessment for the Planned Northeast Supply Link Project, Request for Comments on Environmental Issues, and Notice of Public Scoping Meetings The staff of the Federal Energy...

77 FR 39695 - HollyFrontier Refining and Marketing LLC v. Osage Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Complaint

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. OR12-21-000] HollyFrontier Refining and Marketing LLC v. Osage Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Complaint Take notice that on June 25...; 18 CFR 343.1(a) and 343.2(c), HollyFrontier Refining and Marketing LLC (Complainant) filed a formal...

High temperature thermal energy storage, including a discussion of TES integrated into power plants

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Turner, R. H.

1978-01-01

Storage temperatures of 260 C and above are considered. Basic considerations concerning energy thermal storage are discussed, taking into account general aspects of thermal energy storage, thermal energy storage integrated into power plants, thermal storage techniques and technical considerations, and economic considerations. A description of system concepts is provided, giving attention to a survey of proposed concepts, storage in unpressurized fluids, water storage in pressurized containers, the use of an underground lined cavern for water storage, a submerged thin insulated steel shell under the ocean containing pressurized water, gas passage through solid blocks, a rock bed with liquid heat transport fluid, hollow steel ingots, heat storage in concrete or sand, sand in a fluidized bed, sand poured over pipes, a thermal energy storage heat exchanger, pipes or spheres filled with phase change materials (PCM), macroencapsulated PCM with heat pipe concept for transport fluid, solid PCM removed from heat transfer pipes by moving scrapers, and the direct contact between PCM and transport fluid.

Study on Improving Partial Load by Connecting Geo-thermal Heat Pump System to Fuel Cell Network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Obara, Shinya; Kudo, Kazuhiko

Hydrogen piping, the electric power line, and exhaust heat recovery piping of the distributed fuel cells are connected with network, and operational planning is carried out. Reduction of the efficiency in partial load is improved by operation of the geo-thermal heat pump linked to the fuel cell network. The energy demand pattern of the individual houses in Sapporo was introduced. And the analysis method aiming at minimization of the fuel rate by the genetic algorithm was described. The fuel cell network system of an analysis example assumed connecting the fuel cell co-generation of five houses. When geo-thermal heat pump was introduced into fuel cell network system stated in this paper, fuel consumption was reduced 6% rather than the conventional method

Corrosion impact of reductant on DWPF and downstream facilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mickalonis, J. I.; Imrich, K. J.; Jantzen, C. M.

2014-12-01

Glycolic acid is being evaluated as an alternate reductant in the preparation of high level waste for the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Site (SRS). During processing, the glycolic acid is not completely consumed and small quantities of the glycolate anion are carried forward to other high level waste (HLW) facilities. The impact of the glycolate anion on the corrosion of the materials of construction throughout the waste processing system has not been previously evaluated. A literature review had revealed that corrosion data in glycolate-bearing solution applicable to SRS systems were not available. Therefore, testing wasmore » recommended to evaluate the materials of construction of vessels, piping and components within DWPF and downstream facilities. The testing, conducted in non-radioactive simulants, consisted of both accelerated tests (electrochemical and hot-wall) with coupons in laboratory vessels and prototypical tests with coupons immersed in scale-up and mock-up test systems. Eight waste or process streams were identified in which the glycolate anion might impact the performance of the materials of construction. These streams were 70% glycolic acid (DWPF feed vessels and piping), SRAT/SME supernate (Chemical Processing Cell (CPC) vessels and piping), DWPF acidic recycle (DWPF condenser and recycle tanks and piping), basic concentrated recycle (HLW tanks, evaporators, and transfer lines), salt processing (ARP, MCU, and Saltstone tanks and piping), boric acid (MCU separators), and dilute waste (HLW evaporator condensate tanks and transfer line and ETF components). For each stream, high temperature limits and worst-case glycolate concentrations were identified for performing the recommended tests. Test solution chemistries were generally based on analytical results of actual waste samples taken from the various process facilities or of prototypical simulants produced in the laboratory. The materials of construction for most vessels, components and piping were not impacted with the presence of glycolic acid or the impact is not expected to affect the service life. However, the presence of the glycolate anion was found to affect corrosion susceptibility of some materials of construction in the DWPF and downstream facilities, especially at elevated temperatures. The following table summarizes the results of the electrochemical and hot wall testing and indicates expected performance in service with the glycolate anion present.« less

68. VIEW OF WOOD STAVE PIPE TAKEN FROM THE TOP ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

68. VIEW OF WOOD STAVE PIPE TAKEN FROM THE TOP OF THE PENSTOCK LINE, LOOKING SOUTH. PORTION OF PIPE BETWEEN THE FOREBAY AND RAILROAD TRACK WILL BE COVERED WITH CONCRETE CORE WALL AND EARTH EMBANKMENT OF RESERVOIR, Print No. 185, November 1903 - Electron Hydroelectric Project, Along Puyallup River, Electron, Pierce County, WA

Transformation of Bisphenol A in Water Distribution Systems, A Pilot-scale Study

EPA Science Inventory

Halogenations of bisphenol A (BPA) in a pilot-scale water distribution system (WDS) of cement-lined ductile cast iron pipe were investigated under the condition: pH 7.3±0.3, water flow velocity of 1.0 m/s, and 25 °C ± 1 °C in water temperature. The testing water was chlorinated f...

40 CFR Appendix B2 to Subpart F of... - Performance of Refrigerant Recovery, Recycling, and/or Reclaim Equipment

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the pressure in the system, and by connecting a separate line between the system liquid port and the... chamber consisting of a tank with a conical-shaped bottom, a bottom port and piping for delivering refrigerant to the equipment, various ports and valves for adding refrigerant to the chamber and stirring...

40 CFR Appendix B2 to Subpart F of... - Performance of Refrigerant Recovery, Recycling, and/or Reclaim Equipment

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... the pressure in the system, and by connecting a separate line between the system liquid port and the... chamber consisting of a tank with a conical-shaped bottom, a bottom port and piping for delivering refrigerant to the equipment, various ports and valves for adding refrigerant to the chamber and stirring...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yang, Kyoung Mo; Jee, Kye Kwang; Pyo, Chang Ryul

The basis of the leak before break (LBB) concept is to demonstrate that piping will leak significantly before a double ended guillotine break (DEGB) occurs. This is demonstrated by quantifying and evaluating the leak process and prescribing safe shutdown of the plant on the basis of the monitored leak rate. The application of LBB for power plant design has reduced plant cost while improving plant integrity. Several evaluations employing LBB analysis on system piping based on DEGB design have been completed. However, the application of LBB on main steam (MS) piping, which is LBB applicable piping, has not been performedmore » due to several uncertainties associated with occurrence of steam hammer and dynamic strain aging (DSA). The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the applicability of the LBB design concept to main steam lines manufactured with SA106 Gr.C carbon steel. Based on the material properties, including fracture toughness and tensile properties obtained from the comprehensive material tests for base and weld metals, a parametric study was performed as described in this paper. The PICEP code was used to determine leak size crack (LSC) and the FLET code was used to perform the stability assessment of MS piping. The effects of material properties obtained from tests were evaluated to determine the LBB applicability for the MS piping. It can be shown from this parametric study that the MS piping has a high possibility of design using LBB analysis.« less

Cesium Absorption Spectrum Perturbed by Argon: Observation of Non-Lorentzian Wing Properties

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

vapor phase Cs contained in a heat pipe in order to observe the absorption lines. Two lenses were used to collimate the light through the heat pipe...After passing through the heat pipe, a mirror was used to direct light around a 90 degree turn and then through an f/# matched lens into a monochromator...pipe used here was built by Charles Fox as part of [19]. Brewster’s angle windows were attached to either end of a pipe approximately 1 inch in diameter

Performance Evaluation of Innovative Water Main Rehabilitation Cured-In-Place Pipe Lining Product in Cleveland, OH

EPA Science Inventory

Some utilities are seeking emerging and innovative rehabilitation technologies to extend the service life of and repair a greater portion of their infrastructure systems. However, information on new technologies is not always readily available and easy to obtain. To help provid...

33 CFR 154.310 - Operations manual: Contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the piping subject to the tests required by § 156.170(c)(4) of this chapter, and the locations of...; and (2) A description of the vapor control system's design and operation including the: (i) Vapor line... sulfur); (v) Alarms and shutdown devices; and (vi) Pre-transfer equipment inspection requirements. (c...

77 FR 787 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-06

.... Transco states that the proposed Project is an expansion of its existing pipeline system under which... Market Pool in New Jersey and the existing Manhattan, Central Manhattan, and Narrows delivery points in... appurtenant underground and minor aboveground facilities. The estimated cost of the proposed Project is $341...

Demonstration and evaluation of an innovative water main rehabilitation technology: Cured-in-Place Pipe (CIPP) lining

EPA Science Inventory

As many water utilities are seeking new and innovative rehabilitation technologies to extend the life of their water distribution systems, information on the capabilities and applicability of new technologies is not always readily available from an independent source. The U.S. E...

76 FR 27312 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Availability of the Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-11

... certain natural gas pipeline facilities on its existing mainline system in Prince William, Fairfax... action significantly affecting the quality of the human environment. The National Park Service (NPS... law or special expertise with respect to resources potentially affected by the proposal and...

OCCURRENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF TETRAVALENT LEAD IN NEW ENGLAND

EPA Science Inventory

USEPA analyses of lead service line specimens throughout the United States have found evidence of substantial tetravalent lead (Pb+4 in the form of PbO2 solids) in one or more samples from over 25% of systems who have submitted pipe samples. The most “newsworthy” instance of the ...

Analysis of BF Hearth Reasonable Cooling System Based on the Water Dynamic Characteristics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zuo, Haibin; Jiao, Kexin; Zhang, Jianliang; Li, Qian; Wang, Cui

A rational cooling water system is the assurance for long campaign life of blast furnace. In the paper, the heat transfer of different furnace period and different furnace condition based on the water quality characteristics were analysed, and the reason of the heat flux over the normal from the hydrodynamics was analysed. The results showed that, the vapour-film and scale existence significantly influenced the hearth heat transfer, which accelerated the brick lining erosion. The water dynamic characteristics of the parallel inner pipe or among the pipes were the main reason for the abnormal heat flux and film boiling. As to the reasonable cooling water flow, the gas film and the scale should be controlled and the energy saving should be considered.

Calculation of Local Stress and Fatigue Resistance due to Thermal Stratification on Pressurized Surge Line Pipe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bandriyana, B.; Utaja

2010-06-01

Thermal stratification introduces thermal shock effect which results in local stress and fatique problems that must be considered in the design of nuclear power plant components. Local stress and fatique calculation were performed on the Pressurize Surge Line piping system of the Pressurize Water Reactor of the Nuclear Power Plant. Analysis was done on the operating temperature between 177 to 343° C and the operating pressure of 16 MPa (160 Bar). The stagnant and transient condition with two kinds of stratification model has been evaluated by the two dimensional finite elements method using the ANSYS program. Evaluation of fatigue resistance is developed based on the maximum local stress using the ASME standard Code formula. Maximum stress of 427 MPa occurred at the upper side of the top half of hot fluid pipe stratification model in the transient case condition. The evaluation of the fatigue resistance is performed on 500 operating cycles in the life time of 40 years and giving the usage value of 0,64 which met to the design requirement for class 1 of nuclear component. The out surge transient were the most significant case in the localized effects due to thermal stratification.

Lightweight Exhaust Manifold and Exhaust Pipe Ducting for Internal Combustion Engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Northam, G. Burton (Inventor); Ransone, Philip O. (Inventor); Rivers, H. Kevin (Inventor)

1999-01-01

An improved exhaust system for an internal combustion gasoline-and/or diesel-fueled engine includes an engine exhaust manifold which has been fabricated from carbon- carbon composite materials in operative association with an exhaust pipe ducting which has been fabricated from carbon-carbon composite materials. When compared to conventional steel. cast iron. or ceramic-lined iron paris. the use of carbon-carbon composite exhaust-gas manifolds and exhaust pipe ducting reduces the overall weight of the engine. which allows for improved acceleration and fuel efficiency: permits operation at higher temperatures without a loss of strength: reduces the "through-the wall" heat loss, which increases engine cycle and turbocharger efficiency and ensures faster "light-off" of catalytic converters: and, with an optional thermal reactor, reduces emission of major pollutants, i.e. hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide.

49 CFR 195.12 - What requirements apply to low-stress pipelines in rural areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... corresponding to: (A) A stress level equal to or less than 20-percent of the specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe; or (B) If the stress level is unknown or the pipeline is not constructed with steel... of the specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe; or (B) If the stress level is unknown or...

49 CFR 195.12 - What requirements apply to low-stress pipelines in rural areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... corresponding to: (A) A stress level equal to or less than 20-percent of the specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe; or (B) If the stress level is unknown or the pipeline is not constructed with steel... of the specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe; or (B) If the stress level is unknown or...

49 CFR 195.12 - What requirements apply to low-stress pipelines in rural areas?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... corresponding to: (A) A stress level equal to or less than 20-percent of the specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe; or (B) If the stress level is unknown or the pipeline is not constructed with steel... of the specified minimum yield strength of the line pipe; or (B) If the stress level is unknown or...

Fast closing valve

DOEpatents

Hanson, Clark L.

1984-01-10

A valve is provided for protecting the high vacuum of a particle accelera in the event of air leakage, wherein the valve provides an axially symmetrical passage to avoid disturbance of the partical beam during normal operation, and yet enables very rapid and tight closure of the beam-carrying pipe in the event of air leakage. The valve includes a ball member (30) which can rotate between a first position wherein a bore (32) in the member is aligned with the beam pipe, and a second position out of line with the pipe. A seal member (38) is flexibly sealed to the pipe, and has a seal end which can move tightly against the ball member after the bore has rotated out of line with the pipe, to thereby assure that the seal member does not retard rapid rotation of the ball valve member. The ball valve member can be rapidly rotated by a conductive arm (40) fixed to it and which is rotated by the discharge of a capacitor bank through coils (44, 45) located adjacent to the arm.

Gas propagation following a sudden loss of vacuum in a pipe cooled by He I and He II.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garceau, N.; Guo, W.; Dodamead, T.

2017-12-01

Many cryogenic systems around the world are concerned with the sudden catastrophic loss of vacuum for cost, preventative damage, safety or other reasons. The experiments in this paper were designed to simulate the sudden vacuum break in the beam-line pipe of a liquid helium cooled superconducting particle accelerator. This paper expands previous research conducted at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and evaluates the differences between normal helium (He I) and superfluid helium (He II). For the experiments, a straight pipe and was evacuated and immersed in liquid helium at 4.2 K and below 2.17 K. Vacuum loss was simulated by opening a solenoid valve on a buffer tank filled nitrogen gas. Gas front arrival was observed by a temperature rise of the tube. Preliminary results suggested that the speed of the gas front through the experiment decreased exponentially along the tube for both normal liquid helium and super-fluid helium. The system was modified to a helical pipe system to increase propagation length. Testing and analysis on these two systems revealed there was minor difference between He I and He II despite the difference between the two distinct helium phases heat transfer mechanisms: convection vs thermal counterflow. Furthermore, the results indicated that the temperature of the tube wall above the LHe bath also plays a significant role in the initial front propagation. More systematic measurements are planned in with the helical tube system to further verify the results.

RDX/HMX Plant Design

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-01

coating process in Explosives Manufacturing Line 2. The end products of the initial design effort are process flow diagrams, piping and...instrumentation diagrams, motor control schedules, interlock logic diagrams, piping installation drawings, typical instrument Installation details, equipment...structures, equipment, utilities, and process piping extending 1.5 m (5 ft) beyond the building or area were not included in the scope of work. Nitrolysis

Polymeric and composite materials for use in systems utilizing hot, flowing geothermal brine. II

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lorensen, L.E.; Walkup, C.M.

1978-04-13

Further progress is reported on a continuing experimental program designed to select high-performance polymeric materials for use in geothermal power plants. In field tests 12 nozzles, 27 wear plates, and 2 types of polymer lined pipe were tested. Nozzles made of Teflons TFE and PFA, Tefzel, Ryton PPS and H-Resin/carbon cloth were little changed except for some scaling. The fluorocarbons scaled least rapidly. All blade type wear plates eroded, those based on Tefzel, PPQ, and PPS the least. Fluorocarbon lined pipes were little affected by exposure. In laboratory tests samples were heated at 250 and 300/sup 0/C in brine. Severalmore » materials including fluorocarbon and unhydrolyzable aromatic or cross-linked aliphatic, thermally stable polymers survived for periods up to 1300 h. In erosion tests, coatings based on epoxy resins and a fluorocarbon were most resistant; good adhesion was required.« less

Impact of treatment on Pb release from full and partially replaced harvested Lead Service Lines (LSLs).

PubMed

Cartier, Clément; Doré, Evelyne; Laroche, Laurent; Nour, Shokoufeh; Edwards, Marc; Prévost, Michèle

2013-02-01

Release of lead from 80% partially replaced service lines was compared to full lead service lines using harvested-stabilized lead pipes and field brass connectors. After more than a year of stabilization, lead release was consistent with field samples. Over the relatively short duration partial replacement of lead pipe by copper pipe (3 months), generated high lead release, attributed to galvanic corrosion, resulting in a final outcome for lead release that was even worse than for a full lead pipe. Increased lead release was especially evident at higher flow rates. Orthophosphate reduced lead release from full lead pipes by 64%. For partially replaced samples with copper, lead concentrations were unchanged by phosphate dosing at moderate flow (103 ± 265 vs 169 ± 349 μg/L) and were increased to very high levels when sampled at high flow rates (1001 ± 1808 vs 257 ± 224 μg/L). The increase lead release was in the form of particulate lead (>90%). In comparison to the condition without treatment, increased sulfate treatment had little impact on lead release from 100%-Pb rigs but reduced lead release from partially replaced lead pipes with copper. Our results also raise questions concerning protocols based on short 30 min stagnation (as those used in Canada) due to their incapacity to consider particulate lead release generated mostly after longer stagnation. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Investigation of a Modified 9Cr-1Mo (P91) Pipe Failure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Klueh, Ronald L; Shingledecker, John P

2006-04-01

A modified 9Cr-1Mo feedwater (condensate) line at an Eastman Chemical Company plant failed in January 2005. The line was in continuous service since start-up December 2001 until failure. The Plant Superintendent estimated there were three thermal cycles since start-up, although there may have been as many as 25 thermal cycles during commissioning. Normal operating temperature was 325 F (163 C) and pressure was 1762 psig. The line was steam traced with the tracing activated only when ambient outdoor temperature dropped to 40 F (5 C). A modified 9Cr-1Mo steel (P91) pipe failure in a feedwater line in a chemical plantmore » was investigated. The failure occurred in the vicinity of an elbow produced with socket welds of the pipe to the elbow. Based on metallography and hardness measurements, it was concluded that failure occurred because of an improper post-weld heat treatment of the socket weldment.« less

76 FR 67413 - Antidumping or Countervailing Duty Order, Finding, or Suspended Investigation; Opportunity To...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-01

... Carbon And Alloy Steel A-570-956 11/10/10-10/31/11 Standard, Line, And Pressure Pipe Seamless Refined......... Lightweight Thermal Paper C-570-921 1/1/10-12/31/10 Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, 11/10/10.../31/11 Circular Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipe A-351-809... 11/1/10-10/31/11 Germany: Lightweight Thermal...

29 CFR Appendix B to Subpart B of... - Reprint of U.S. Coast Guard Regulations Referenced in Subpart B, for Determination of Coast Guard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other appurtenances connected to such cargo or fuel tanks. (c) Such inspections... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils...

29 CFR Appendix B to Subpart B of... - Reprint of U.S. Coast Guard Regulations Referenced in Subpart B, for Determination of Coast Guard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other appurtenances connected to such cargo or fuel tanks. (c) Such inspections... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils...

29 CFR Appendix B to Subpart B of... - Reprint of U.S. Coast Guard Regulations Referenced in Subpart B, for Determination of Coast Guard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other appurtenances connected to such cargo or fuel tanks. (c) Such inspections... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils...

29 CFR Appendix B to Subpart B of... - Reprint of U.S. Coast Guard Regulations Referenced in Subpart B, for Determination of Coast Guard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other appurtenances connected to such cargo or fuel tanks. (c) Such inspections... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils...

29 CFR Appendix B to Subpart B of... - Reprint of U.S. Coast Guard Regulations Referenced in Subpart B, for Determination of Coast Guard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils, pumps, fittings, or other appurtenances connected to such cargo or fuel tanks. (c) Such inspections... cargo tanks; or (2) Within or on the boundaries of fuel tanks; or (3) To pipe lines, heating coils...

Apparatus for moving a pipe inspection probe through piping

DOEpatents

Zollinger, W.T.; Appel, D.K.; Lewis, G.W.

1995-07-18

A method and apparatus are disclosed for controllably moving devices for cleaning or inspection through piping systems, including piping systems with numerous piping bends therein, by using hydrostatic pressure of a working fluid introduced into the piping system. The apparatus comprises a reservoir or other source for supplying the working fluid to the piping system, a launch tube for admitting the device into the launcher and a reversible, positive displacement pump for controlling the direction and flow rate of the working fluid. The device introduced into the piping system moves with the flow of the working fluid through the piping system. The launcher attaches to the valved ends of a piping system so that fluids in the piping system can recirculate in a closed loop. The method comprises attaching the launcher to the piping system, supplying the launcher with working fluid, admitting the device into the launcher, pumping the working fluid in the direction and at the rate desired so that the device moves through the piping system for pipe cleaning or inspection, removing the device from the launcher, and collecting the working fluid contained in the launcher. 8 figs.

Apparatus for moving a pipe inspection probe through piping

DOEpatents

Zollinger, W. Thor; Appel, D. Keith; Lewis, Gregory W.

1995-01-01

A method and apparatus for controllably moving devices for cleaning or inspection through piping systems, including piping systems with numerous piping bends therein, by using hydrostatic pressure of a working fluid introduced into the piping system. The apparatus comprises a reservoir or other source for supplying the working fluid to the piping system, a launch tube for admitting the device into the launcher and a reversible, positive displacement pump for controlling the direction and flow rate of the working fluid. The device introduced into the piping system moves with the flow of the working fluid through the piping system. The launcher attaches to the valved ends of a piping system so that fluids in the piping system can recirculate in a closed loop. The method comprises attaching the launcher to the piping system, supplying the launcher with working fluid, admitting the device into the launcher, pumping the working fluid in the direction and at the rate desired so that the device moves through the piping system for pipe cleaning or inspection, removing the device from the launcher, and collecting the working fluid contained in the launcher.

Occurrence of contaminant accumulation in lead pipe scales from domestic drinking-water distribution systems.

PubMed

Schock, Michael R; Hyland, Robert N; Welch, Meghan M

2008-06-15

Previously, contaminants, such as AI, As, and Ra, have been shown to accumulate in drinking-water distribution system solids. Accumulated contaminants could be periodically released back into the water supply causing elevated levels at consumers taps, going undetected by most current regulatory monitoring practices and consequently constituting a hidden risk. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of over 40 major scale constituents, regulated metals, and other potential metallic inorganic contaminants in drinking-water distribution system Pb (lead) or Pb-lined service lines. The primary method of analysis was inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, following complete decomposition of scale material. Contaminants and scale constituents were categorized by their average concentrations, and many metals of potential health concern were found to occur at levels sufficient to result in elevated levels at the consumer's taps if they were to be mobilized. The data indicate distinctly nonconservative behavior for many inorganic contaminants in drinking-water distribution systems. This finding suggests an imminent need for further research into the transport and fate of contaminants throughout drinking-water distribution system pipes, as well as a re-evaluation of monitoring protocols in order to more accurately determine the scope and levels of potential consumer exposure.

On-line welding quality inspection system for steel pipe based on machine vision

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Yang

2017-05-01

In recent years, high frequency welding has been widely used in production because of its advantages of simplicity, reliability and high quality. In the production process, how to effectively control the weld penetration welding, ensure full penetration, weld uniform, so as to ensure the welding quality is to solve the problem of the present stage, it is an important research field in the field of welding technology. In this paper, based on the study of some methods of welding inspection, a set of on-line welding quality inspection system based on machine vision is designed.

Leak detection by mass balance effective for Norman Wells line

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liou, J.C.P.

Mass-balance calculations for leak detection have been shown as effective as a leading software system, in a comparison based on a major Canadian crude-oil pipeline. The calculations and NovaCorp`s Leakstop software each detected 4% (approximately) or greater leaks on Interprovincial Pipe Line (IPL) Inc.`s Norman Wells pipeline. Insufficient data exist to assess performances of the two methods for leaks smaller than 4%. Pipeline leak detection using such software-based systems are common. Their effectiveness is measured by how small and how quickly a leak can be detected. Algorithms used and measurement uncertainties determine leak detectability.

Publications | Regional Energy Deployment System Model | Energy Analysis |

Science.gov Websites

Methodologies: Approximated DC Flow vs. Pipe Flow along AC Lines. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Energy. DOE/GO-102015-4557. Macknick, Jordan, and Stuart Cohen. 2015. Water Impacts of High Solar PV , Jordan, Stuart Cohen, Robin Newmark, Andrew Martinez, Patrick Sullivan, and Vince Tidwell. 2015. Water

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

This is a short paper on the history and development of the Platte Pipe Line which stretches 1156 miles from Byron, Wyoming, to Wood River, Illinois. It discusses the development and significance of one of the most used crude oil pipelines in the United States. It also discusses its role in advanced pipeline control technology and the future of the system.

Analysis of Distribution System and Domestic Service Line Pipe Deposits to Understand Water Treatment/Metal Release Relationships

EPA Science Inventory

This project puts the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) into a unique position of being able to bring analytical tools to bear to solve or anticipate future drinking water infrastructure water quality and metallic or cement material performance problems, for which little...

15. DETAIL SHOWING HYDROGEN (LEFT) AND OXYGEN (RIGHT) SPHERICAL TANKS ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

15. DETAIL SHOWING HYDROGEN (LEFT) AND OXYGEN (RIGHT) SPHERICAL TANKS ON RUN LINE DECK, THIRD LEVEL. DARK TONED PIPING IS THE FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM. Looking south southwest. - Edwards Air Force Base, Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory, Test Stand 1-A, Test Area 1-120, north end of Jupiter Boulevard, Boron, Kern County, CA

46 CFR 154.1165 - Controls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Controls. 154.1165 Section 154.1165 Shipping COAST GUARD... Chemical § 154.1165 Controls. (a) Each dry chemical hand hose line must be one that can be actuated at its... to any dry chemical system hose, monitor, pipe or control circuits must not prevent the operation of...

46 CFR 154.1165 - Controls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Controls. 154.1165 Section 154.1165 Shipping COAST GUARD... Chemical § 154.1165 Controls. (a) Each dry chemical hand hose line must be one that can be actuated at its... to any dry chemical system hose, monitor, pipe or control circuits must not prevent the operation of...

46 CFR 154.1165 - Controls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Controls. 154.1165 Section 154.1165 Shipping COAST GUARD... Chemical § 154.1165 Controls. (a) Each dry chemical hand hose line must be one that can be actuated at its... to any dry chemical system hose, monitor, pipe or control circuits must not prevent the operation of...

46 CFR 154.1165 - Controls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Controls. 154.1165 Section 154.1165 Shipping COAST GUARD... Chemical § 154.1165 Controls. (a) Each dry chemical hand hose line must be one that can be actuated at its... to any dry chemical system hose, monitor, pipe or control circuits must not prevent the operation of...

46 CFR 154.1165 - Controls.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Controls. 154.1165 Section 154.1165 Shipping COAST GUARD... Chemical § 154.1165 Controls. (a) Each dry chemical hand hose line must be one that can be actuated at its... to any dry chemical system hose, monitor, pipe or control circuits must not prevent the operation of...

Measurement of Rubidium Number Density Under Optically Thick Conditions

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-11-15

for efficient, high-power laser systems . While these alkali metals offer great promise, there are several issues which need to be resolved. Two such...circulator. The pressure and composition of the diluent within the heat pipe could also be adjusted using the attached gas handling system . The gas...handling system consisted of a vacuum pump, 10 Torr and 1000 Torr baratrons, various valves and a line going to a regulated gas cylinder. The second

Discovery of kimberlite in a magnetically noisy environment: a case study of the Syferfontein and Goedgevonden kimberlites (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Webb, S. J.; Van Buren, R.

2013-12-01

Airborne geophysical methods play an important role in the exploration for kimberlites. As regions become more intensively explored, smaller kimberlites, which can be extremely difficult to find, are being targeted. These smaller kimberlites, as evidenced by the M-1 Maarsfontein pipe in the Klipspringer cluster in South Africa, can be highly profitable. The Goedgevonden and Syferfontein pipes are small kimberlites (~0.2 ha) ~25 km NNE of Klerksdorp in South Africa. The Goedgevonden pipe has been known since the 1930s and is diamondiferous, but not commercially viable due to small stone size and low quality of stones. In the early 1990s, Gold Fields used this pipe as a typical kimberlite to collect example geophysical data. The nearby (~1 km to the east) Syferfontein pipe is not diamondiferous but was discovered in 1994 as part of a speculative airborne EM survey conducted by Gold Fields and Geodass (now CGG) as part of their case study investigations. Both kimberlites have had extensive ground geophysical survey data collected and have prominent magnetic, gravity and EM responses that aided in the delineation of the pipes. These pipes represent a realistic and challenging case study target due to their small size and the magnetically noisy environment into which they have been emplaced. The discovery of the Syferfontein pipe in 1994 stimulated further testing of airborne methods, especially as the surface was undisturbed. These pipes are located in a region that hosts highly variably magnetized Hospital Hill shales, dolerite dykes and Ventersdorp lavas, a 2-3 m thick resistive ferricrete cap and significant cultural features such as an electric railroad and high tension power line. Although the kimberlites both show prominent magnetic anomalies on ground surveys, the airborne data are significantly noisy and the pipes do not show up as well determined targets. However, the clay-rich weathered zone of the pipes provides an ideal target for the EM method, and both pipes have significant responses on the DIGHEM system. The HELITEM, helicopter borne time domain EM system also clearly mapped both pipes as did the TEMPEST time domain system from a fixed wing platform. Although there are other EM anomalies in the area, these are easily associated with dykes in the area based on joint interpretation with the aeromagnetic data. The lack of kimberlite exploration in this region is likely due to the lack of alluvial diamonds, the magnetically noisy environment, and the well-developed ferricrete and calcrete layers on surface which trap and resorb heavy minerals such as garnet, traditionally used in soil sampling. In this challenging environment, airborne EM combined with magnetic and ground geophysical methods for ground truthing are viable exploration methods.

27. EXTENSION OF SURGE CHAMBER AND AIR PIPES TO PRESSURE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

27. EXTENSION OF SURGE CHAMBER AND AIR PIPES TO PRESSURE LINE, HIGHLINE PUMPING PLANT. December 11, 1920 - Highline Canal & Pumping Station, South side of Salt River between Tempe, Phoenix & Mesa, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Cryogenic thermometry for refrigerant distribution system of JT-60SA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Natsume, K.; Murakami, H.; Kizu, K.; Yoshida, K.; Koide, Y.

2015-12-01

JT-60SA is a fully superconducting fusion experimental device involving Japan and Europe. The cryogenic system supplies supercritical or gaseous helium to superconducting coils through valve boxes or coil terminal boxes and in-cryostat pipes. There are 86 temperature measurement points at 4 K along the distribution line. Resistance temperature sensors will be installed on cooling pipes in vacuum. In this work, two sensor attachment methods, two types of sensor, two thermal anchoring methods, and two sensor fixation materials have been experimentally evaluated in terms of accuracy and mass productivity. Finally, the verification test of thermometry has been conducted using the sample pipe fabricated in the same way to the production version, which has been decided by the comparison experiments. The TVO sensor is attached by the saddle method with Apiezon N grease and the measurement wires made of phosphor bronze are wound on the pipe with Stycast 2850FT as the thermal anchoring. A Cernox sensor is directly immersed in liquid helium as a reference thermometer during the experiment. The measured temperature difference between the attached one and reference one has been within ±15 mK in the range of 3.40-4.73 K. It has satisfies the accuracy requirement of 0.1 K.

Control of Microstructures and the Practical Properties of API X80 Grade Heavy-Wall High-Frequency Electric Resistance-Welded Pipe with Excellent Low-Temperature Toughness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goto, Sota; Nakata, Hiroshi; Toyoda, Shunsuke; Okabe, Takatoshi; Inoue, Tomohiro

2017-10-01

This paper describes development of heavy-walled API X80 grade high-frequency electric resistance-welded (HFW) line pipes and conductor-casing pipes with wall thicknesses up to 20.6 mm. A fine bainitic-ferrite microstructure, which is preferable for low-temperature toughness, was obtained by optimizing the carbon content and applying the thermomechanical controlled hot-rolling process. As a result, the Charpy ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) was well below 227 K (-46 °C) in the base metal of the HFW line pipe. When the controlled hot-rolling ratio (CR) was increased from 23 to 48 pct, the area average grain size decreased from 15 to 8 μm. The dependence of CTOD properties on CR was caused by the largest grain which is represented by the area average grain size. No texture development due to the increase of CR from 23 to 48 pct was observed. In addition, because controlled in-line heat treatment of the longitudinal weld seam also produced the fine bainitic-ferrite microstructure at the weld seam, DBTT was lower than 227 K (-46 °C) at the weld portion. The developed pipes showed good girth weldability without preheat treatment, and fracture in the tensile test initiated from the base metal in all cases.

46 CFR 76.13-90 - Installations contracted for prior to January 1, 1962.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the cargo compartments and similar spaces shall be not less than 11/2-inch pipe size and shall emanate... small spaces may be taken from the nearest stream supply line and shall be not less than 3/4-inch pipe... distribution piping and the number of branches to the various spaces shall be as given in table 76.13-90(b)(4...

46 CFR 76.13-90 - Installations contracted for prior to January 1, 1962.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... the cargo compartments and similar spaces shall be not less than 11/2-inch pipe size and shall emanate... small spaces may be taken from the nearest stream supply line and shall be not less than 3/4-inch pipe... distribution piping and the number of branches to the various spaces shall be as given in table 76.13-90(b)(4...

46 CFR 76.13-90 - Installations contracted for prior to January 1, 1962.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... the cargo compartments and similar spaces shall be not less than 11/2-inch pipe size and shall emanate... small spaces may be taken from the nearest stream supply line and shall be not less than 3/4-inch pipe... distribution piping and the number of branches to the various spaces shall be as given in table 76.13-90(b)(4...

46 CFR 76.13-90 - Installations contracted for prior to January 1, 1962.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... the cargo compartments and similar spaces shall be not less than 11/2-inch pipe size and shall emanate... small spaces may be taken from the nearest stream supply line and shall be not less than 3/4-inch pipe... distribution piping and the number of branches to the various spaces shall be as given in table 76.13-90(b)(4...

46 CFR 76.13-90 - Installations contracted for prior to January 1, 1962.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... the cargo compartments and similar spaces shall be not less than 11/2-inch pipe size and shall emanate... small spaces may be taken from the nearest stream supply line and shall be not less than 3/4-inch pipe... distribution piping and the number of branches to the various spaces shall be as given in table 76.13-90(b)(4...

Space shuttle heat pipe thermal control systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alario, J.

1973-01-01

Heat pipe (HP) thermal control systems designed for possible space shuttle applications were built and tested under this program. They are: (1) a HP augmented cold rail, (2) a HP/phase change material (PCM) modular heat sink and (3) a HP radiating panel for compartment temperature control. The HP augmented cold rail is similar to a standard two-passage fluid cold rail except that it contains an integral, centrally located HP throughout its length. The central HP core helps to increase the local power density capability by spreading concentrated heat inputs over the entire rail. The HP/PCM modular heat sink system consists of a diode HP connected in series to a standard HP that has a PCM canister attached to its mid-section. It is designed to connect a heat source to a structural heat sink during normal operation, and to automatically decouple from it and sink to the PCM whenever structural temperatures are too high. The HP radiating panel is designed to conductively couple the panel feeder HPs directly to a fluid line that serves as a source of waste heat. It is a simple strap-on type of system that requires no internal or external line modifications to distribute the heat to a large radiating area.

Users manual for program ADMIT: Admittance and pressure transfer function developed for use on a PC computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Armstrong, Wilbur C.

1992-01-01

The piping in a liquid rocket can assume complex configurations due to multiple tanks, multiple engines, and structures that must be piped around. The capability to handle some of these complex configurations have been incorporated into the ADMIT code. The capability to modify the input on line has been implemented. The configurations allowed include multiple tanks, multiple engines, the splitting of a pipe into unequal segments going to different (or the same) engines. This program will handle the following type elements: straight pipes, bends, inline accumulators, tuned stub accumulators, Helmholtz resonators, parallel resonators, pumps, split pipes, multiple tanks, and multiple engines.

Users manual for program SSFREQ intermediate mode stability curves: Developed for use on a PC computer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Armstrong, Wilbur C.

1992-01-01

The piping in a liquid rocket can assume complex configurations due to multiple tanks, multiple engines, and structures that must be piped around. The capability to handle some of these complex configurations have been incorporated into the SSFREQ code. The capability to modify the input on line has been implemented. The configurations allowed include multiple tanks, multiple engines, the splitting of a pipe into equal segments going to different (or the same) engines. This program will handle the following type elements: straight pipes, bends, inline accumulators, tuned stub accumulators, Helmholtz resonators, parallel resonators, pumps, split pipes, multiple tanks, and multiple engines.

Collective operations in a file system based execution model

DOEpatents

Shinde, Pravin; Van Hensbergen, Eric

2013-02-12

A mechanism is provided for group communications using a MULTI-PIPE synthetic file system. A master application creates a multi-pipe synthetic file in the MULTI-PIPE synthetic file system, the master application indicating a multi-pipe operation to be performed. The master application then writes a header-control block of the multi-pipe synthetic file specifying at least one of a multi-pipe synthetic file system name, a message type, a message size, a specific destination, or a specification of the multi-pipe operation. Any other application participating in the group communications then opens the same multi-pipe synthetic file. A MULTI-PIPE file system module then implements the multi-pipe operation as identified by the master application. The master application and the other applications then either read or write operation messages to the multi-pipe synthetic file and the MULTI-PIPE synthetic file system module performs appropriate actions.

Collective operations in a file system based execution model

DOEpatents

Shinde, Pravin; Van Hensbergen, Eric

2013-02-19

A mechanism is provided for group communications using a MULTI-PIPE synthetic file system. A master application creates a multi-pipe synthetic file in the MULTI-PIPE synthetic file system, the master application indicating a multi-pipe operation to be performed. The master application then writes a header-control block of the multi-pipe synthetic file specifying at least one of a multi-pipe synthetic file system name, a message type, a message size, a specific destination, or a specification of the multi-pipe operation. Any other application participating in the group communications then opens the same multi-pipe synthetic file. A MULTI-PIPE file system module then implements the multi-pipe operation as identified by the master application. The master application and the other applications then either read or write operation messages to the multi-pipe synthetic file and the MULTI-PIPE synthetic file system module performs appropriate actions.

Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Stage 3. McClellan Air Force Base. Operable Unit B. Preliminary Assessment Summary Report. Volume 2. Appendix B (Part 2)

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-10-01

the Industrial Wastewater Collection System (IWCS) for leaks and analyzed wastewater passing through the wastewater lines (the IWL) at McClellan AFB (EG...Wastewater Collection System (IWCS) is a system of underground pipes and lift stations used to collect the wastewater from the various base processes...and work areas for treatment at one centralized Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant (IWTP) located in OU C McClellan AFB. Most of the system is

Looking north at the threading machine of the no. 1 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Looking north at the threading machine of the no. 1 seamless line in bay 11 of the main pipe mill building - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Evaluation of ultraliner PVC alloy pipeliner.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-12-01

In an effort to evaluate promising pipe lining techniques, the Agency installed two Ultraliner : PVC Alloy Pipeliners in the town of Barton, Vermont in May of 2003; one in an 18 : - : inch (450 : mm nominal) reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) and one in ...

Looking north at uing press of the submerged arc weld ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Looking north at u-ing press of the submerged arc weld (saw) line of the main pipe mill building, bay 7. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Northern view of inside diameter welding station of the saw ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Northern view of inside diameter welding station of the saw line in bay9 of the main pipe mill building. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

49 CFR 178.337-9 - Pressure relief devices, piping, valves, hoses, and fittings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... filling line that communicates with vapor may be marked “spray-fill” instead of “vapor.” (d) Refrigeration and heating coils. (1) Refrigeration and heating coils must be securely anchored with provisions for.../refrigeration system, whichever is higher. A cargo tank may not be placed in service if any leakage occurs or...

49 CFR 178.337-9 - Pressure relief devices, piping, valves, hoses, and fittings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... filling line that communicates with vapor may be marked “spray-fill” instead of “vapor.” (d) Refrigeration and heating coils. (1) Refrigeration and heating coils must be securely anchored with provisions for.../refrigeration system, whichever is higher. A cargo tank may not be placed in service if any leakage occurs or...

49 CFR 178.337-9 - Pressure relief devices, piping, valves, hoses, and fittings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... filling line that communicates with vapor may be marked “spray-fill” instead of “vapor.” (d) Refrigeration and heating coils. (1) Refrigeration and heating coils must be securely anchored with provisions for.../refrigeration system, whichever is higher. A cargo tank may not be placed in service if any leakage occurs or...

49 CFR 178.337-9 - Pressure relief devices, piping, valves, hoses, and fittings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... filling line that communicates with vapor may be marked “spray-fill” instead of “vapor.” (d) Refrigeration and heating coils. (1) Refrigeration and heating coils must be securely anchored with provisions for.../refrigeration system, whichever is higher. A cargo tank may not be placed in service if any leakage occurs or...

49 CFR 178.337-9 - Pressure relief devices, piping, valves, hoses, and fittings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... filling line that communicates with vapor may be marked “spray-fill” instead of “vapor.” (d) Refrigeration and heating coils. (1) Refrigeration and heating coils must be securely anchored with provisions for.../refrigeration system, whichever is higher. A cargo tank may not be placed in service if any leakage occurs or...

Acoustic system for communication in pipelines

DOEpatents

Martin, II, Louis Peter; Cooper, John F [Oakland, CA

2008-09-09

A system for communication in a pipe, or pipeline, or network of pipes containing a fluid. The system includes an encoding and transmitting sub-system connected to the pipe, or pipeline, or network of pipes that transmits a signal in the frequency range of 3-100 kHz into the pipe, or pipeline, or network of pipes containing a fluid, and a receiver and processor sub-system connected to the pipe, or pipeline, or network of pipes containing a fluid that receives said signal and uses said signal for a desired application.

Structural health monitoring of pipelines rehabilitated with lining technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Farhidzadeh, Alireza; Dehghan-Niri, Ehsan; Salamone, Salvatore

2014-03-01

Damage detection of pipeline systems is a tedious and time consuming job due to digging requirement, accessibility, interference with other facilities, and being extremely wide spread in metropolitans. Therefore, a real-time and automated monitoring system can pervasively reduce labor work, time, and expenditures. This paper presents the results of an experimental study aimed at monitoring the performance of full scale pipe lining systems, subjected to static and dynamic (seismic) loading, using Acoustic Emission (AE) technique and Guided Ultrasonic Waves (GUWs). Particularly, two damage mechanisms are investigated: 1) delamination between pipeline and liner as the early indicator of damage, and 2) onset of nonlinearity and incipient failure of the liner as critical damage state.

Piping support system for liquid-metal fast-breeder reactor

DOEpatents

Brussalis, Jr., William G.

1984-01-01

A pipe support consisting of a rigid link pivotally attached to a pipe and an anchor, adapted to generate stress or strain in the link and pipe due to pipe thermal movement, which stress or strain can oppose further pipe movement and generally provides pipe support. The pipe support can be used in multiple combinations with other pipe supports to form a support system. This support system is most useful in applications in which the pipe is normally operated at a constant elevated or depressed temperature such that desired stress or strain can be planned in advance of pipe and support installation. The support system is therefore especially useful in steam stations and in refrigeration equipment.

SMALL DIAMETER PRECEMENT LINING FROM CATWALK ABOVE. United States ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

SMALL DIAMETER PRE-CEMENT LINING FROM CATWALK ABOVE. - United States Pipe & Foundry Company Plant, Coating, Painting, Lining & Packaging Building, 2023 St. Louis Avenue at I-20/59, Bessemer, Jefferson County, AL

Drinking water quality and formation of biofilms in an office building during its first year of operation, a full scale study.

PubMed

Inkinen, Jenni; Kaunisto, Tuija; Pursiainen, Anna; Miettinen, Ilkka T; Kusnetsov, Jaana; Riihinen, Kalle; Keinänen-Toivola, Minna M

2014-02-01

Complex interactions existing between water distribution systems' materials and water can cause a reduction in water quality and unwanted changes in materials, aging or corrosion of materials and formation of biofilms on surfaces. Substances leaching from pipe materials and water fittings, as well as the microbiological quality of water and formation of biofilms were evaluated by applying a Living Lab theme i.e. a research in a real life setting using a full scale system during its first year of operation. The study site was a real office building with one part of the building lined with copper pipes, the other with cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes thus enabling material comparison; also differences within the cold and hot water systems were analysed. It was found that operational conditions, such as flow conditions and temperature affected the amounts of metals leaching from the pipe network. In particular, brass components were considered to be a source of leaching; e. g. the lead concentration was highest during the first few weeks after the commissioning of the pipe network when the water was allowed to stagnate. Assimilable organic carbon (AOC) and microbially available phosphorus (MAP) were found to leach from PEX pipelines with minor effects on biomass of the biofilm. Cultivable and viable biomass (heterotrophic plate count (HPC), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)) levels in biofilms were higher in the cold than in the hot water system whereas total microbial biomass (total cell count (DAPI)) was similar with both systems. The type of pipeline material was not found to greatly affect the microbial biomass or Alpha-, Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria profiles (16s rRNA gene copies) after the first one year of operation. Also microbiological quality of water was found to deteriorate due to stagnation. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Southwest view of rotary hearth furnace of the no. 2 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Southwest view of rotary hearth furnace of the no. 2 seamless line in bays 17 and 18 of the main pipe mill building. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Northwest view of rotary hearth furnace of the no. 2 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Northwest view of rotary hearth furnace of the no. 2 seamless line in bays 17 and 18 of the main pipe mill building. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

Study of a pipe-scanning robot for use in post-construction evaluation during horizontal directional drilling.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-06-01

Trenchless Technology has become an increasingly popular underground utility construction method, beginning in : the early 1900s with pipe jacking beneath railroad lines. One method, horizontal directional drilling (HDD), became : more common in the ...

General view of outside diameter welding stations of the saw ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

General view of outside diameter welding stations of the saw line in bay 8 of the main pipe mill building looking northwest. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE DETECTION OF LEAKS IN PIPE LINES

DOEpatents

Jefferson, S.; Cameron, J.F.

1961-11-28

A method is described for detecting leaks in pipe lines carrying fluid. The steps include the following: injecting a radioactive solution into a fluid flowing in the line; flushing the line clear of the radioactive solution; introducing a detector-recorder unit, comprising a radioactivity radiation detector and a recorder which records the detector signal over a time period at a substantially constant speed, into the line in association with a go-devil capable of propelling the detector-recorder unit through the line in the direction of the fluid flow at a substantia1ly constant velocity; placing a series of sources of radioactivity at predetermined distances along the downstream part of the line to make a characteristic signal on the recorder record at intervals corresponding to the location of said sources; recovering the detector-recorder unit at a downstream point along the line; transcribing the recorder record of any radioactivity detected during the travel of the detector- recorder unit in terms of distance along the line. (AEC)

Ultrasonic liquid-in-line detector for tubes

DOEpatents

Piper, Thomas C.

1991-01-01

An apparatus and method for detecting the presence of liquid in pipes or tubes using ultrasonic techniques A first piezoelectric crystal is coupled to the outside of the pipe or tube at the location where liquid in the tube is to be detected. A second piezoelectric crystal is coupled to the outside of the pipe or tube at the same location along the tube but circumferentially displaced from the first crystal by an angle around the pipe or tube of less than 180.degree.. Liquid in the pipe or tube is detected by measuring the attenuation of an ultrasonic signal sent by the first piezoelectric crystal and received by the second piezoelectric crystal.

Characterization of bond line discontinuities in a high-Mn TWIP steel pipe welded by HF-ERW

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Park, Gitae; Kim, Bongyoon; Kang, Yongjoon

In this work, the microstructure and defects in a high-frequency electrical resistance welded (HF-ERW) pipe of high-Mn twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel were characterized. The microstructure of the base metal and the bond line were examined using both optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The features of the bond line were similar to those of conventional steel. Simultaneously, the circumferential ductility was evaluated via a flaring test. It was concluded that the deterioration of the circumferential ductility in a high-Mn TWIP steel pipe was caused by irregular shaped oxide defects and a penetrator that had been formed during welding. Specifically, themore » penetrator, which is composed of MnO and Mn{sub 2}SiO{sub 4}, was found to be the most influential on the circumferential ductility of the welded pipe. The penetrator was analyzed using both an electron probe micro analyzer and transmission electron microscopy, and the formation sequence of the penetrator was evaluated. - Highlights: •This study focused on applying the HF-ERW process to the seam welding of expandable pipe using TWIP steels. •For improvement of the circumferential ductility, deterioration factors were characterized. •Penetrator which would mainly deteriorate the circumferential ductility consisted of round MnO and Mn{sub 2}SiO{sub 4}. •Metallurgical evidence of existing theory regarding the mechanism of defect formation during the HF-ERW was characterized.« less

Crack stability in a representative piping system under combined inertial and seismic/dynamic displacement-controlled stresses. Subtask 1.3 final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scott, P.; Olson, R.; Wilkowski, O.G.

1997-06-01

This report presents the results from Subtask 1.3 of the International Piping Integrity Research Group (IPIRG) program. The objective of Subtask 1.3 is to develop data to assess analysis methodologies for characterizing the fracture behavior of circumferentially cracked pipe in a representative piping system under combined inertial and displacement-controlled stresses. A unique experimental facility was designed and constructed. The piping system evaluated is an expansion loop with over 30 meters of 16-inch diameter Schedule 100 pipe. The experimental facility is equipped with special hardware to ensure system boundary conditions could be appropriately modeled. The test matrix involved one uncracked andmore » five cracked dynamic pipe-system experiments. The uncracked experiment was conducted to evaluate piping system damping and natural frequency characteristics. The cracked-pipe experiments evaluated the fracture behavior, pipe system response, and stability characteristics of five different materials. All cracked-pipe experiments were conducted at PWR conditions. Material characterization efforts provided tensile and fracture toughness properties of the different pipe materials at various strain rates and temperatures. Results from all pipe-system experiments and material characterization efforts are presented. Results of fracture mechanics analyses, dynamic finite element stress analyses, and stability analyses are presented and compared with experimental results.« less

Looking south at the aetna standard piercer and mannesman rolls ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Looking south at the aetna standard piercer and mannesman rolls of the no. 2 seamless line in bay 19 of the main pipe mill building. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

76 FR 11237 - Combined Notice of Filings No. 2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-01

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings No. 2 Take notice that the Commission has received the following Natural Gas Pipeline Rate and Refund Report filings: Docket Numbers: RP10-1400-002. Applicants: Chandeleur Pipe Line Company. Description: Chandeleur Pipe...

77 FR 16430 - Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Airplanes

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-21

... opposite the line replaceable unit racking. This AD requires replacing a certain aluminum high pressure... proposed to require replacing a certain aluminum high pressure pipe with a new corrosion resistant... comply with paragraph (1) of this [EASA] AD, unless, inadvertently, the high pressure pipe P/N...

30 CFR 75.1905-1 - Diesel fuel piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Diesel fuel piping systems. 75.1905-1 Section... Diesel fuel piping systems. (a) Diesel fuel piping systems from the surface must be designed and operated... spillage of fuel and that activates an alarm system. (b) All piping, valves and fittings must be— (1...

FRIB Cryogenic Distribution System and Status

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ganni, V.; Dixon, K.; Laverdure, N.; Yang, S.; Nellis, T.; Jones, S.; Casagrande, F.

2015-12-01

The MSU-FRIB cryogenic distribution system supports the 2 K primary, 4 K primary, and 35 - 55 K shield operation of more than 70 loads in the accelerator and the experimental areas. It is based on JLab and SNS experience with bayonet-type disconnects between the loads and the distribution system for phased commissioning and maintenance. The linac transfer line, which features three separate transfer line segments for additional independence during phased commissioning at 4 K and 2 K, connects the folded arrangement of 49 cryomodules and 4 superconducting dipole magnets and a fourth transfer line supports the separator area cryo loads. The pressure reliefs for the transfer line process lines, located in the refrigeration room outside the tunnel/accelerator area, are piped to be vented outdoors. The transfer line designs integrate supply and return flow paths into a combined vacuum space. The main linac distribution segments are produced in a small number of standard configurations; a prototype of one such configuration has been fabricated at Jefferson Lab and has been installed at MSU to support testing of a prototype FRIB cryomodule.

Design of hydrogen vent line for the cryogenic hydrogen system in J-PARC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tatsumoto, Hideki; Aso, Tomokazu; Kato, Takashi; Ohtsu, Kiichi; Hasegawa, Shoichi; Maekawa, Fujio; Futakawa, Masatoshi

2009-02-01

As one of the main experimental facilities in J-PARC, an intense spallation neutron source (JSNS) driven by a 1-MW proton beam selected supercritical hydrogen at a temperature of 20 K and a pressure of 1.5 MPa as a moderator material. Moderators are controlled by a cryogenic hydrogen system that has a hydrogen relief system, which consists of high and low pressure stage of manifolds, a hydrogen vent line and a stack, in order to release hydrogen to the outside safely. The design of the hydrogen vent line should be considered to prevent purge nitrogen gas in the vent line from freezing when releasing the cryogenic hydrogen, to prevent moisture in the stack placed in an outdoor location from freezing, and to inhibit large piping temperature reduction at a building wall penetration. In this work, temperature change behaviors in the hydrogen vent line were analyzed by using a CFD code, STAR-CD. We determined required sizes of the vent line based on the analytical results and its layout in the building.

Effect of disinfectant, water age, and pipe materials on bacterial and eukaryotic community structure in drinking water biofilm.

PubMed

Wang, Hong; Masters, Sheldon; Edwards, Marc A; Falkinham, Joseph O; Pruden, Amy

2014-01-01

Availability of safe, pathogen-free drinking water is vital to public health; however, it is impossible to deliver sterile drinking water to consumers. Recent microbiome research is bringing new understanding to the true extent and diversity of microbes that inhabit water distribution systems. The purpose of this study was to determine how water chemistry in main distribution lines shape the microbiome in drinking water biofilms and to explore potential associations between opportunistic pathogens and indigenous drinking water microbes. Effects of disinfectant (chloramines, chlorine), water age (2.3 days, 5.7 days), and pipe material (cement, iron, PVC) were compared in parallel triplicate simulated water distribution systems. Pyrosequencing was employed to characterize bacteria and terminal restriction fragment polymorphism was used to profile both bacteria and eukaryotes inhabiting pipe biofilms. Disinfectant and water age were both observed to be strong factors in shaping bacterial and eukaryotic community structures. Pipe material only influenced the bacterial community structure (ANOSIM test, P < 0.05). Interactive effects of disinfectant, pipe material, and water age on both bacteria and eukaryotes were noted. Disinfectant concentration had the strongest effect on bacteria, while dissolved oxygen appeared to be a major driver for eukaryotes (BEST test). Several correlations of similarity metrics among populations of bacteria, eukaryotes, and opportunistic pathogens, as well as one significant association between mycobacterial and proteobacterial operational taxonomic units, provides insight into means by which manipulating the microbiome may lead to new avenues for limiting the growth of opportunistic pathogens (e.g., Legionella) or other nuisance organisms (e.g., nitrifiers).

Sound transmission in narrow pipes with superimposed uniform mean flow and acoustic modelling of automobile catalytic converters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dokumaci, E.

1995-05-01

The theory of Zwikker and Kosten for axisymmetric wave propagation in circular pipes has been extended to include the effect of uniform mean flow. This formulation can be used in acoustical modelling of both the honeycomb pipes in monolithic catalytic converters and the standard pipes in internal combustion engine exhaust lines. The effects of mean flow on the propagation constants are shown. Two-port elements for acoustic modelling of the honeycomb structure of monolithic catalytic converters are developed and applied to the prediction of the transmission loss characteristics.

Mode Conversion Behavior of Guided Wave in a Pipe Inspection System Based on a Long Waveguide.

PubMed

Sun, Feiran; Sun, Zhenguo; Chen, Qiang; Murayama, Riichi; Nishino, Hideo

2016-10-19

To make clear the mode conversion behavior of S0-mode lamb wave and SH0-plate wave converting to the longitudinal mode guided wave and torsional mode guided wave in a pipe, respectively, the experiments were performed based on a previous built pipe inspection system. The pipe was wound with an L-shaped plate or a T-shaped plate as the waveguide, and the S0-wave and SH0-wave were excited separately in the waveguide. To carry out the objective, a meander-line coil electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for S0-wave and a periodic permanent magnet (PPM) EMAT for SH0-wave were developed and optimized. Then, several comparison experiments were conducted to compare the efficiency of mode conversion. Experimental results showed that the T(0,1) mode, L(0,1) mode, and L(0,2) mode guided waves can be successfully detected when converted from the S0-wave or SH0-wave with different shaped waveguides. It can also be inferred that the S0-wave has a better ability to convert to the T(0,1) mode, while the SH0-wave is easier to convert to the L(0,1) mode and L(0,2) mode, and the L-shaped waveguide has a better efficiency than T-shaped waveguide.

Repairing pipes on the fly

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1997-04-01

When piping develops leaks, the natural instinct is to shut the process down, purge the lines and call in maintenance crews to make the repairs. There is, however, an alternative: on-the-fly repairs. Through the use of specialized tools, equipment and technicians, shut-off valves can be installed and leaks repaired without interrupting production. The split sleeve offers one of the simpler approaches to on-the-fly repairs. Two half cylinders with inside diameter slightly larger than the outside diameter slightly larger than the outside diameter of the pipe to be repaired are slipped over the latter some distance form the leak and looselymore » bolted together. The cylinder is then slid over the leaking area and the bolts tightened. Gaskets inside the half cylinders provide the needed seal between the pipe and the cylinder. Installing a shut-off valve in an operating pipeline requires much more specialized equipment and skills than does repairing a leak with a split sleeve. A device available from International Piping Services Co. allows a trained crew to isolate a section of pipe, drill out the isolated portion, install a blocking valve and then remove the isolation system--all while continuing to operate the pipeline at temperatures to 700 F and pressures to 700 psi. But Herb Porter, CEO of Ipsco, cautions that unlike the repairing leaks with a split sleeve, installing a blocking valve on-the-fly always demands the services of a highly trained crew.« less

46 CFR 108.475 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Extinguishing Systems Foam Extinguishing Systems § 108.475 Piping. (a) Each pipe, valve, and fitting in a foam... pipe, valve, and fitting must have support and protection from damage. (d) Each foam extinguishing... to remove liquid from the system. (e) Piping in a foam extinguishing system must be used only for...

46 CFR 108.475 - Piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Extinguishing Systems Foam Extinguishing Systems § 108.475 Piping. (a) Each pipe, valve, and fitting in a foam... pipe, valve, and fitting must have support and protection from damage. (d) Each foam extinguishing... to remove liquid from the system. (e) Piping in a foam extinguishing system must be used only for...

75 FR 3230 - Sunshine Act Meeting Notice

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-20

...-1051-000 ISO New England Inc. and New England Power Pool. E-8 RM08-7-002 Modification of Interchange... Systems Power Pool Inc. E-14 EL09-40-000 Southwest Power Pool, Inc. E-15 EL10-7-000 Power and Water... Section 23 of the Natural Gas Act. G-2 RP06-569-000, RP07-376-000 Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line...

46 CFR 154.506 - Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system..., Construction and Equipment Cargo and Process Piping Systems § 154.506 Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system. Mechanical expansion joints in a piping system outside of a cargo tank: (a) May be...

46 CFR 154.506 - Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system..., Construction and Equipment Cargo and Process Piping Systems § 154.506 Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system. Mechanical expansion joints in a piping system outside of a cargo tank: (a) May be...

46 CFR 154.506 - Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system..., Construction and Equipment Cargo and Process Piping Systems § 154.506 Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system. Mechanical expansion joints in a piping system outside of a cargo tank: (a) May be...

46 CFR 154.506 - Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system..., Construction and Equipment Cargo and Process Piping Systems § 154.506 Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system. Mechanical expansion joints in a piping system outside of a cargo tank: (a) May be...

46 CFR 154.506 - Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system..., Construction and Equipment Cargo and Process Piping Systems § 154.506 Mechanical expansion joint: Limits in a piping system. Mechanical expansion joints in a piping system outside of a cargo tank: (a) May be...

Spaceborne power systems preference analyses. Volume 2: Decision analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, J. H.; Feinberg, A.; Miles, R. F., Jr.

1985-01-01

Sixteen alternative spaceborne nuclear power system concepts were ranked using multiattribute decision analysis. The purpose of the ranking was to identify promising concepts for further technology development and the issues associated with such development. Four groups were interviewed to obtain preference. The four groups were: safety, systems definition and design, technology assessment, and mission analysis. The highest ranked systems were the heat-pipe thermoelectric systems, heat-pipe Stirling, in-core thermionic, and liquid-metal thermoelectric systems. The next group contained the liquid-metal Stirling, heat-pipe Alkali Metal Thermoelectric Converter (AMTEC), heat-pipe Brayton, liquid-metal out-of-core thermionic, and heat-pipe Rankine systems. The least preferred systems were the liquid-metal AMTEC, heat-pipe thermophotovoltaic, liquid-metal Brayton and Rankine, and gas-cooled Brayton. The three nonheat-pipe technologies selected matched the top three nonheat-pipe systems ranked by this study.

Shielded fluid stream injector for particle bed reactor

DOEpatents

Notestein, John E.

1993-01-01

A shielded fluid-stream injector assembly is provided for particle bed reactors. The assembly includes a perforated pipe injector disposed across the particle bed region of the reactor and an inverted V-shaped shield placed over the pipe, overlapping it to prevent descending particles from coming into direct contact with the pipe. The pipe and shield are fixedly secured at one end to the reactor wall and slidably secured at the other end to compensate for thermal expansion. An axially extending housing aligned with the pipe and outside the reactor and an in-line reamer are provided for removing deposits from the inside of the pipe. The assembly enables fluid streams to be injected and distributed uniformly into the particle bed with minimized clogging of injector ports. The same design may also be used for extraction of fluid streams from particle bed reactors.

Southern view of the aetna standard piercer and mandrel carriage ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Southern view of the aetna standard piercer and mandrel carriage with mandrel bits on left. No. 2 seamless line in bay 19 of the main pipe mill building. - U.S. Steel National Tube Works, Main Pipe Mill Building, Along Monongahela River, McKeesport, Allegheny County, PA

75 FR 68324 - Certain Stainless Steel Butt-Weld Pipe Fittings From Japan, South Korea and Taiwan; Final Results...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-05

.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Scope of the Orders Japan The products covered by this order include certain... designing the piping system: (1) Corrosion of the piping system will occur if material other than stainless... designing the piping system: (1) Corrosion of the piping system will occur if material other than stainless...

Application of displacement monitoring system on high temperature steam pipe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghaffar, M. H. A.; Husin, S.; Baek, J. E.

2017-10-01

High-energy piping systems of power plants such as Main Steam (MS) pipe or Hot Reheat (HR) pipe are operating at high temperature and high pressure at base and cyclic loads. In the event of transient condition, a pipe can be deflected dramatically and caused high stress in the pipe, yielding to failure of the piping system. Periodic monitoring and walk down can identify abnormalities but limitations exist in the standard walk down practice. This paper provides a study of pipe displacement monitoring on MS pipe of coal-fired power plant to continuously capture the pipe movement behaviour at different load using 3-Dimensional Displacement Measuring System (3DDMS). The displacement trending at Location 5 and 6 (north and south) demonstrated pipes displace less than 25% to that of design movement. It was determined from synchronisation analysis that Location 7 (north) and Location 8 (south) pipe actual movement difference has exceeded the design movement difference. Visual survey at specified locations with significant displacement trending reveals issues of hydraulic snubber and piping interferences. The study demonstrated that the displacement monitoring is able to capture pipe movement at all time and allows engineer to monitor pipe movement behaviour, aids in identifying issue early for remedy action.

49 CFR 192.150 - Passage of internal inspection devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) of this section, each new transmission line and each replacement of line pipe, valve, fitting, or other line component in a transmission line must be designed and constructed to accommodate the passage... TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE: MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS Design of Pipeline...

49 CFR 192.150 - Passage of internal inspection devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) of this section, each new transmission line and each replacement of line pipe, valve, fitting, or other line component in a transmission line must be designed and constructed to accommodate the passage... TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE: MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS Design of Pipeline...

49 CFR 192.150 - Passage of internal inspection devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) of this section, each new transmission line and each replacement of line pipe, valve, fitting, or other line component in a transmission line must be designed and constructed to accommodate the passage... TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE: MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS Design of Pipeline...

49 CFR 192.150 - Passage of internal inspection devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) of this section, each new transmission line and each replacement of line pipe, valve, fitting, or other line component in a transmission line must be designed and constructed to accommodate the passage... TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL AND OTHER GAS BY PIPELINE: MINIMUM FEDERAL SAFETY STANDARDS Design of Pipeline...

Piping Connector

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1993-01-01

A complex of high pressure piping at Stennis Space Center carries rocket propellants and other fluids/gases through the Center's Component Test Facility. Conventional clamped connectors tend to leak when propellant lines are chilled to extremely low temperatures. Reflange, Inc. customized an existing piping connector to include a secondary seal more tolerant of severe thermal gradients for Stennis. The T-Con connector solved the problem, and the company is now marketing a commercial version that permits testing, monitoring or collecting any emissions that may escape the primary seal during severe thermal transition.

Non-Newtonian Liquid Flow through Small Diameter Piping Components: CFD Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bandyopadhyay, Tarun Kanti; Das, Sudip Kumar

2016-10-01

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis have been carried out to evaluate the frictional pressure drop across the horizontal pipeline and different piping components, like elbows, orifices, gate and globe valves for non-Newtonian liquid through 0.0127 m pipe line. The mesh generation is done using GAMBIT 6.3 and FLUENT 6.3 is used for CFD analysis. The CFD results are verified with our earlier published experimental data. The CFD results show the very good agreement with the experimental values.

Rotating optical geometry sensor for inner pipe-surface reconstruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ritter, Moritz; Frey, Christan W.

2010-01-01

The inspection of sewer or fresh water pipes is usually carried out by a remotely controlled inspection vehicle equipped with a high resolution camera and a lightning system. This operator-oriented approach based on offline analysis of the recorded images is highly subjective and prone to errors. Beside the subjective classification of pipe defects through the operator standard closed circuit television (CCTV) technology is not suitable for detecting geometrical deformations resulting from e.g. structural mechanical weakness of the pipe, corrosion of e.g. cast-iron material or sedimentations. At Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB) in Karlsruhe, Germany, a new Rotating Optical Geometry Sensor (ROGS) for pipe inspection has been developed which is capable of measuring the inner pipe geometry very precisely over the whole pipe length. This paper describes the developed ROGS system and the online adaption strategy for choosing the optimal system parameters. These parameters are the rotation and traveling speed dependent from the pipe diameter. Furthermore, a practicable calibration methodology is presented which guarantees an identification of the several internal sensor parameters. ROGS has been integrated in two different systems: A rod based system for small fresh water pipes and a standard inspection vehicle based system for large sewer Pipes. These systems have been successfully applied to different pipe systems. With this measurement method the geometric information can be used efficiently for an objective repeatable quality evaluation. Results and experiences in the area of fresh water pipe inspection will be presented.

Low cost solar energy collection system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, C. G.; Stephans, J. B. (Inventor)

1977-01-01

A fixed, linear, ground-based primary reflector having an extended, curved sawtooth contoured surface covered with a metallized polymeric reflecting material, reflected solar energy to a movably supported collector that was kept at the concentrated line focus of the reflector primary. Efficient utilization leading to high temperatures from the reflected solar energy was obtained by cylindrical shaped secondary reflectors that directed off-angle energy to the absorber pipe.

Pipe Crawler{reg_sign} internal piping characterization system - deactivation and decommissioning focus area. Innovative Technology Summary Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1998-02-01

Pipe Crawler{reg_sign} is a pipe surveying system for performing radiological characterization and/or free release surveys of piping systems. The technology employs a family of manually advanced, wheeled platforms, or crawlers, fitted with one or more arrays of thin Geiger Mueller (GM) detectors operated from an external power supply and data processing unit. Survey readings are taken in a step-wise fashion. A video camera and tape recording system are used for video surveys of pipe interiors prior to and during radiological surveys. Pipe Crawler{reg_sign} has potential advantages over the baseline and other technologies in areas of cost, durability, waste minimization, andmore » intrusiveness. Advantages include potentially reduced cost, potential reuse of the pipe system, reduced waste volume, and the ability to manage pipes in place with minimal disturbance to facility operations. Advantages over competing technologies include potentially reduced costs and the ability to perform beta-gamma surveys that are capable of passing regulatory scrutiny for free release of piping systems.« less

Deployment, release and recovery of ocean riser pipes

DOEpatents

Person, Abraham; Wetmore, Sherman B.; McNary, James F.

1980-11-18

An ocean thermal energy conversion facility includes a long pipe assembly which is supported at its upper end by the hull of the floating facility. Cold water flows to the facility from deep in the ocean. The pipe assembly comprises an elongate pipe construction and a weight connected to the lower end of the construction by a line of selected length. A floatation collar is connected to the construction at its upper end to cause the construction to have positive buoyancy and a center of buoyancy closer to the upper end of the construction than its center of mass. The weight renders the entire pipe assembly negatively buoyant. In the event that support of the pipe assembly should be lost, as by release of the assembly from the facility hull in an emergency, the assembly sinks to the ocean floor where it is moored by the weight. The pipe construction floats submerged above the ocean floor in a substantially vertical attitude which facilitates recovery of the assembly.

46 CFR 119.510 - Bilge piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Bilge piping system. 119.510 Section 119.510 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS CARRYING MORE THAN 150... Ballast Systems § 119.510 Bilge piping system. A vessel must be provided with a piping system that meets...

46 CFR 119.510 - Bilge piping system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Bilge piping system. 119.510 Section 119.510 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) SMALL PASSENGER VESSELS CARRYING MORE THAN 150... Ballast Systems § 119.510 Bilge piping system. A vessel must be provided with a piping system that meets...

Industrial application of ultrasound based in-line rheometry: From stationary to pulsating pipe flow of chocolate suspension in precrystallization process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ouriev, Boris; Windhab, Erich; Braun, Peter; Birkhofer, Beat

2004-10-01

In-line visualization and on-line characterization of nontransparent fluids becomes an important subject for process development in food and nonfood industries. In our work, a noninvasive Doppler ultrasound-based technique is introduced. Such a technique is applied for investigation of nonstationary flow in the chocolate precrystallization process. Unstable flow conditions were induced by abrupt flow interruption and were followed up by strong flow pulsations in the piping system. While relying on available process information, such as absolute pressures and temperatures, no analyses of flow conditions or characterization of suspension properties could possibly be done. It is obvious that chocolate flow properties are sensitive to flow boundary conditions. Therefore, it becomes essential to perform reliable structure state monitoring and particularly in application to nonstationary flow processes. Such flow instabilities in chocolate processing can often lead to failed product quality with interruption of the mainstream production. As will be discussed, a combination of flow velocity profiles, on-line fit into flow profiles, and pressure difference measurement are sufficient for reliable analyses of fluid properties and flow boundary conditions as well as monitoring of the flow state. Analyses of the flow state and flow properties of chocolate suspension are based on on-line measurement of one-dimensional velocity profiles across the flow channel and their on-line characterization with the power-law model. Conclusions about flow boundary conditions were drawn from a calculated velocity standard mean deviation, the parameters of power-law fit into velocity profiles, and volumetric flow rate information.

75 FR 57444 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe from the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-21

... Shuler and Shane Subler, International Trade Compliance Analysts, to Susan Kuhbach, Director, Office 1... Compliance Analysts, Office 1, to Susan H. Kuhbach, Office Director, AD/CVD Operations, Office 1, entitled..., Office Director, AD/CVD Operations, Office 1, entitled ``Verification Report: Tianjin Pipe (Group...

49 CFR 178.345-9 - Pumps, piping, hoses and connections.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... there will be no leakage when connected. (d) Suitable provision must be made to allow for and prevent... any load applied by loading/unloading or charging lines connected to the cargo tank cannot cause damage resulting in loss of lading from the cargo tank. (h) Use of a nonmetallic pipe, valve or...

202. Photocopy of drawing (1976 piping drawing by StearnsRoger Incorporated) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

202. Photocopy of drawing (1976 piping drawing by Stearns-Roger Incorporated) HIGH PRESSURE GASEOUS NITROGEN AND HELIUM LINES FOR THE PAYLOAD PRESSURIZATION UNIT IN THE MST, SHEET 501-P2 - Vandenberg Air Force Base, Space Launch Complex 3, Launch Pad 3 East, Napa & Alden Roads, Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, CA

78 FR 64477 - Welded Large Diameter Line Pipe From Japan: Continuation of Antidumping Duty Order

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-29

... Pipe From Japan: Continuation of Antidumping Duty Order AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, Formerly...) from Japan would likely lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping and material injury to an... Department published the antidumping duty order on LDLP from Japan.\\1\\ On October 1, 2012, the Department...

Locating hot and cold-legs in a nuclear powered steam generation system

DOEpatents

Ekeroth, D.E.; Corletti, M.M.

1993-11-16

A nuclear reactor steam generator includes a reactor vessel for heating water and a steam generator with a pump casing at the lowest point on the steam generator. A cold-leg pipe extends horizontally between the steam generator and the reactor vessel to return water from the steam generator to the reactor vessel. The bottom of the cold-leg pipe is at a first height above the bottom of the reactor vessel. A hot-leg pipe with one end connected to the steam generator and a second end connected to the reactor vessel has a first pipe region extending downwardly from the steam generator to a location between the steam generator and the reactor vessel at which a bottom of the hot-leg pipe is at a second height above the bottom of the reactor vessel. A second region extends from that location in a horizontal direction at the second height to the point at which the hot-leg pipe connects to the reactor vessel. A pump is attached to the casing at a location below the first and second heights and returns water from the steam generator to the reactor vessel over the cold-leg. The first height is greater than the second height and the bottom of the steam generator is at a height above the bottom of the reactor vessel that is greater than the first and second heights. A residual heat recovery pump is below the hot-leg and has an inlet line from the hot-leg that slopes down continuously to the pump inlet. 2 figures.

Locating hot and cold-legs in a nuclear powered steam generation system

DOEpatents

Ekeroth, Douglas E.; Corletti, Michael M.

1993-01-01

A nuclear reactor steam generator includes a reactor vessel for heating water and a steam generator with a pump casing at the lowest point on the steam generator. A cold-leg pipe extends horizontally between the steam generator and the reactor vessel to return water from the steam generator to the reactor vessel. The bottom of the cold-leg pipe is at a first height above the bottom of the reactor vessel. A hot-leg pipe with one end connected to the steam generator and a second end connected to the reactor vessel has a first pipe region extending downwardly from the steam generator to a location between the steam generator and the reactor vessel at which a bottom of the hot-leg pipe is at a second height above the bottom of the reactor vessel. A second region extends from that location in a horizontal direction at the second height to the point at which the hot-leg pipe connects to the reactor vessel. A pump is attached to the casing at a location below the first and second heights and returns water from the steam generator to the reactor vessel over the cold-leg. The first height is greater than the second height and the bottom of the steam generator is at a height above the bottom of the reactor vessel that is greater than the first and second heights. A residual heat recovery pump is below the hot-leg and has an inlet line from the hot-leg that slopes down continuously to the pump inlet.

WATER PROCESS SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM FOR MTR, TRA603. SUMMARY OF ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

WATER PROCESS SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAM FOR MTR, TRA-603. SUMMARY OF COOLANT FLOW FROM WORKING RESERVOIR TO INTERIOR OF REACTOR'S THERMAL SHIELD. NAMES TANK SECTIONS. PIPE AND DRAIN-LINE SIZES. SHOWS DIRECTION OF AIR FLOW THROUGH PEBBLE AND GRAPHITE BLOCK ZONE. NEUTRON CURTAIN AND THERMAL COLUMN DOOR. BLAW-KNOX 3150-92-7, 3/1950. INL INDEX NO. 531-0603-51-098-100036, REV. 6. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Reactor Area, Materials & Engineering Test Reactors, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Interaction between EMP (Electromagnetic Pulses), Lightning and Static Electricity with Aircraft and Missile Avionics Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-05-01

integral fuel tanks, the various conductors in the fuel systems (e.g. pipes, fuel gauge wiring etc.) can be a fuel explosion risk of very high currents...without sparking. The energy contained in the sparking is most certainly a grave fuel explosion risk . Similar hazards must be avoided with any wiring or...conductors parallel to the cable, transmission lines can be formed. This mehod can only be used for shielded cables. The shield must be accessible somewhere

Cleaning residual NaK in the fast flux test facility fuel storage cooling system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burke, T.M.; Church, W.R.; Hodgson, K.M.

2008-01-15

The Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF), located on the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Reservation, is a liquid metal-cooled test reactor. The FFTF was constructed to support the U.S. Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor Program. The bulk of the alkali metal (sodium and NaK) has been drained and will be stored onsite prior to final disposition. Residual NaK needed to be removed from the pipes, pumps, heat exchangers, tanks, and vessels in the Fuel Storage Facility (FSF) cooling system. The cooling system was drained in 2004 leaving residual NaK in the pipes and equipment. The estimated residual NaK volume wasmore » 76 liters in the storage tank, 1.9 liters in the expansion tank, and 19-39 liters in the heat transfer loop. The residual NaK volume in the remainder of the system was expected to be very small, consisting of films, droplets, and very small pools. The NaK in the FSF Cooling System was not radiologically contaminated. The portions of the cooling system to be cleaned were divided into four groups: 1. The storage tank, filter, pump, and associated piping; 2. The heat exchanger, expansion tank, and associated piping; 3. Argon supply piping; 4. In-vessel heat transfer loop. The cleaning was contracted to Creative Engineers, Inc. (CEI) and they used their superheated steam process to clean the cooling system. It has been concluded that during the modification activities (prior to CEI coming onsite) to prepare the NaK Cooling System for cleaning, tank T-914 was pressurized relative to the In-Vessel NaK Cooler and NaK was pushed from the tank back into the Cooler and that on November 6, 2005, when the gas purge through the In-Vessel NaK Cooler was increased from 141.6 slm to 283.2 slm, NaK was forced from the In-Vessel NaK Cooler and it contacted water in the vent line and/or scrubber. The gases from the reaction then traveled back through the vent line coating the internal surface of the vent line with NaK and NaK reaction products. The hot gases also exited the scrubber through the stack and due to the temperature of the gas, the hydrogen auto ignited when it mixed with the oxygen in the air. There was no damage to equipment, no injuries, and no significant release of hazardous material. Even though the FSF Cooling System is the only system at FFTF that contains residual NaK, there are lessons to be learned from this event that can be applied to future residual sodium removal activities. The lessons learned are: - Before cleaning equipment containing residual alkali metal the volume of alkali metal in the equipment should be minimized to the extent practical. As much as possible, reconfirm the amount and location of the alkali metal immediately prior to cleaning, especially if additional evolutions have been performed or significant time has passed. This is especially true for small diameter pipe (<20.3 centimeters diameter) that is being cleaned in place since gas flow is more likely to move the alkali metal. Potential confirmation methods could include visual inspection (difficult in all-metal systems), nondestructive examination (e.g., ultrasonic measurements) and repeating previous evolutions used to drain the system. Also, expect to find alkali metal in places it would not reasonably be expected to be. - Staff with an intimate knowledge of the plant equipment and the bulk alkali metal draining activities is critical to being able to confirm the amount and locations of the alkali metal residuals and to safely clean the residuals. - Minimize the potential for movement of alkali metal during cleaning or limit the distance and locations into which alkali metal can move. - Recognize that when working with alkali metal reactions, occasional pops and bangs are to be anticipated. - Pre-plan emergency responses to unplanned events to assure responses planned for an operating reactor are appropriate for the deactivation phase.« less

46 CFR 154.500 - Cargo and process piping standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Equipment Cargo and Process Piping Systems § 154.500 Cargo and process piping standards. The cargo liquid and vapor piping and process piping systems must meet the requirements in §§ 154.503 through 154.562... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cargo and process piping standards. 154.500 Section 154...

30 CFR 75.1905-1 - Diesel fuel piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... storage facility. (h) The diesel fuel piping system must not be located in a borehole with electric power... Diesel fuel piping systems. (a) Diesel fuel piping systems from the surface must be designed and operated...) Capable of withstanding working pressures and stresses; (2) Capable of withstanding four times the static...

[Appropriate dust control measures for jade carving operations].

PubMed

Liu, Jiang; Wang, Qiushui; Liu, Guangquan

2002-12-01

To provide the appropriate dust control measures for jade carving operations. Dust concentrations in the workplace were measured according to GB/T 5748-85. Ventilation system of dust control were measured according to GB/T 16157-1996. Dust particle size distributions for different sources and particle size fraction collecting efficiencies of the dust collectors were measured with WY-1 in-stack 7 stage cascade impactors. On the basis of adopting wet process in the carving operations, local exhaust ventilation system for dust control was installed, which included: the special designed slot exhaust hoods with hood face velocity of 2.5 m/s and exhaust volume of 600 m3/h. The pipe sizes were determined according to the air volume passing through the pipe and the reasonable air velocities. Impinging scrubber or bag filter dust collector were selected to treat the dust laden air from the local exhaust ventilation system, which gave a total collecting efficiency of 97% for impinging scrubber and 98% for bag filter; The type of fan and its size were selected according to the total air volume of the ventilation system and maximum total pressure needed for the longest pipe line plus the pressure drop of the dust collector. Practical application showed that, after installation and use of the appropriate dust control measures, the dust concentrations in the workplaces could meet or nearly meet the national hygienic standard and the dust laden air at the local exhaust ventilation system could meet the national emission standard.

46 CFR 56.01-5 - Adoption of ASME B31.1 for power piping, and other standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES General § 56.01-5 Adoption of ASME B31.1 for power piping, and other standards. (a) Piping systems for ships and barges must be designed, constructed, and inspected in... subchapter. See 46 CFR 56.60-1(b) for the other adopted commercial standards applicable to piping systems...

A Corrosion Risk Assessment Model for Underground Piping

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Datta, Koushik; Fraser, Douglas R.

2009-01-01

The Pressure Systems Manager at NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) has embarked on a project to collect data and develop risk assessment models to support risk-informed decision making regarding future inspections of underground pipes at ARC. This paper shows progress in one area of this project - a corrosion risk assessment model for the underground high-pressure air distribution piping system at ARC. It consists of a Corrosion Model of pipe-segments, a Pipe Wrap Protection Model; and a Pipe Stress Model for a pipe segment. A Monte Carlo simulation of the combined models provides a distribution of the failure probabilities. Sensitivity study results show that the model uncertainty, or lack of knowledge, is the dominant contributor to the calculated unreliability of the underground piping system. As a result, the Pressure Systems Manager may consider investing resources specifically focused on reducing these uncertainties. Future work includes completing the data collection effort for the existing ground based pressure systems and applying the risk models to risk-based inspection strategies of the underground pipes at ARC.

Comparison of three corrosion inhibitors in simulated partial lead service line replacements.

PubMed

Kogo, Aki; Payne, Sarah Jane; Andrews, Robert C

2017-05-05

Partial lead service line replacements (PLSLR) were simulated using five recirculating pipe loops treated with either zinc orthophosphate (1mg/L as P), orthophosphate (1mg/L as P) or sodium silicate (10mg/L). Two pipe loops served as ⿿inhibitor-free⿿ (Pb-Cu) and ⿿galvanic free⿿ (Pb-PVC) controls. Changes in water quality (CSMR [0.2 or 1], conductivity [⿿330mS/cm or ⿿560mS/cm], chlorine [1.4mg/L]) were not observed to provide a significant impact on lead or copper release, although galvanic corrosion was shown to be a driving factor. Generally, both orthophosphate and zinc orthophosphate provided better corrosion control for both total and dissolved lead (30min, 6h, 65h) and copper (30min, 6h), when compared to either the inhibitor-free control or the sodium silicate treated system. This work highlights the importance of understanding the complex interplay of corrosion inhibitors on particulate and dissolved species when considering both lead and copper. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Determining the location of buried plastic water pipes from measurements of ground surface vibration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muggleton, J. M.; Brennan, M. J.; Gao, Y.

2011-09-01

‘Mapping the Underworld' is a UK-based project, which aims to create a multi-sensor device that combines complementary technologies for remote buried utility service detection and location. One of the technologies to be incorporated in the device is low-frequency vibro-acoustics, and techniques for detecting buried infrastructure, in particular plastic water pipes, are being investigated. One of the proposed techniques involves excitation of the pipe at some known location with concurrent vibrational mapping of the ground surface in order to infer the location of the remainder of the pipe. In this paper, measurements made on a dedicated pipe rig are reported. Frequency response measurements relating vibrational velocity on the ground to the input excitation were acquired. Contour plots of the unwrapped phase revealed the location of the pipe to within 0.1-0.2 m. Magnitude contour plots revealed the excitation point and also the location of the pipe end. By examining the unwrapped phase gradients along a line above the pipe, it was possible to identify the wave-type within the pipe responsible for the ground surface vibration. Furthermore, changes in the ground surface phase speed computed using this method enabled the location of the end of the pipe to be confirmed.

Heat Pipes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

Phoenix Refrigeration Systems, Inc.'s heat pipe addition to the Phoenix 2000, a supermarket rooftop refrigeration/air conditioning system, resulted from the company's participation in a field test of heat pipes. Originally developed by NASA to control temperatures in space electronic systems, the heat pipe is a simple, effective, heat transfer system. It has been used successfully in candy storage facilities where it has provided significant energy savings. Additional data is expected to fully quantify the impact of the heat pipes on supermarket air conditioning systems.

46 CFR 119.715 - Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non... 49 PASSENGERS MACHINERY INSTALLATION Piping Systems § 119.715 Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems. Piping subject to more than 1034 kPa (150 psig) in a non-vital system...

46 CFR 119.715 - Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non... 49 PASSENGERS MACHINERY INSTALLATION Piping Systems § 119.715 Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems. Piping subject to more than 1034 kPa (150 psig) in a non-vital system...

46 CFR 119.715 - Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non... 49 PASSENGERS MACHINERY INSTALLATION Piping Systems § 119.715 Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems. Piping subject to more than 1034 kPa (150 psig) in a non-vital system...

Thermal Performance of High Temperature Titanium-Water Heat Pipes by Multiple Heat Pipe Manufacturers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sanzi, James L.

2007-01-01

Titanium-water heat pipes are being investigated for use in heat rejection systems for lunar and Mars fission surface power systems. Heat pipes provide an efficient and reliable means to transfer heat to a radiator heat rejection system. NASA Glenn Research Center requisitioned nine titanium water heat pipes from three vendors. Each vendor supplied three heat pipes 1.25 cm diameter by 1.1 meter long with each vendor selecting a different wick design. Each of the three heat pipes is slightly different in construction. Additional specifications for the heat pipes included 500 K nominal operating temperature, light weight, and freeze tolerance. The heat pipes were performance tested gravity-aided, in the horizontal position and at elevations against gravity at 450 and 500 K. Performance of the three heat pipes is compared. The heat pipe data will be used to verify models of heat pipe radiators that will be used in future space exploration missions.

Thermal Performance of High Temperature Titanium -- Water Heat Pipes by Multiple Heat Pipe Manufacturers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sanzi, James L.

2007-01-01

Titanium - water heat pipes are being investigated for use in heat rejection systems for lunar and Mars fission surface power systems. Heat pipes provide an efficient and reliable means to transfer heat to a radiator heat rejection system. NASA Glenn Research Center requisitioned nine titanium water heat pipes from three vendors. Each vendor supplied three heat pipes 1.25 cm diameter by 1.1 meter long with each vendor selecting a different wick design. Each of the three heat pipes is slightly different in construction. Additional specifications for the heat pipes included 500 K nominal operating temperature, light weight, and freeze tolerance. The heat pipes were performance tested gravity-aided, in the horizontal position and at elevations against gravity at 450 K and 500 K. Performance of the three heat pipes is compared. The heat pipe data will be used to verify models of heat pipe radiators that will be used in future space exploration missions.

Determination of ac conductor and pipe loss in pipe-type cable systems. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Silver, D.A.; Seman, G.W.

1982-02-01

The results are presented of investigations into the determination of the ac/dc resistance ratios of high and extra high voltage pipe-type cables with conventional and large size segmental conductors in carbon steel, stainless steel and aluminum pipes in three cable per pipe and single cable per pipe configurations. The measurements included 115 through 765 kV cables with copper, enamel coated copper, and aluminum conductors in sizes of 2000 kcmil (1015 mm/sup 2/), 3250 kcmil (1650 mm/sup 2/), and 3500 kcmil (1776 mm/sup 2/). Calculations using presently available techniques were employed to provide correlation between measured and calculated values in bothmore » magnetic and non-magnetic pipes. In addition, a number of new techniques in conductor construction, pipe material and pipe liners and cable wraps were investigated as means of decreasing the ac/dc resistance ratios of pipe-type cables. Finally, the various systems studied were compared on the basis of system MVA rating and by evaluation of installed and overall operating costs as compared to conventional three cable per pipe systems installed in carbon steel pipes.« less

46 CFR 119.715 - Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 PASSENGERS MACHINERY INSTALLATION Piping Systems § 119.715 Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa... Standards Institute (ANSI) B 31.1 “American National Standard Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping,” or...

46 CFR 119.715 - Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa (150 psig) in non-vital systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 PASSENGERS MACHINERY INSTALLATION Piping Systems § 119.715 Piping subject to more than 1,034 kPa... Standards Institute (ANSI) B 31.1 “American National Standard Code for Pressure Piping, Power Piping,” or...

30 CFR 75.1905-1 - Diesel fuel piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Diesel fuel piping systems. 75.1905-1 Section... SAFETY AND HEALTH MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Diesel-Powered Equipment § 75.1905-1 Diesel fuel piping systems. (a) Diesel fuel piping systems from the surface must be designed and operated...

77 FR 56809 - Certain Small Diameter Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-14

... conveyance of water, steam, petrochemicals, chemicals, oil products, natural gas and other liquids and gasses... stress levels. Alloy pipes made to ASTM standard A-335 must be used if temperatures and stress levels... for the low temperature and pressure conveyance of water, steam, natural gas, air and other liquids...

Experimental use of Line-X coated steel pipe piles, Clay Hill Bridge (#2157) replacement project over the Mousam River, Route 9/Western Avenue, Kennebunk, Maine.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-02-01

Steel pipe piles used by MaineDOT for bridge construction are typically coated with a fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE). FBE is a powder-based coating with properties similar to traditional : epoxies. Its name is derived from the process by which it adheres ...

Experimental study of Siphon breaker about size effect in real scale reactor design

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kang, S. H.; Ahn, H. S.; Kim, J. M.

2012-07-01

Rupture accident within the pipe of a nuclear reactor is one of the main causes of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). Siphon-breaking is a passive method that can prevent a LOCA. In this study, either a line or a hole is used as a siphon-breaker, and the effect of various parameters, such as the siphon-breaker size, pipe rupture point, pipe rupture size, and the presence of an orifice, are investigated using an experimental facility similar in size to a full-scale reactor. (authors)

The development of a practical pipe auto-routing system in a shipbuilding CAD environment using network optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Shin-Hyung; Ruy, Won-Sun; Jang, Beom Seon

2013-09-01

An automatic pipe routing system is proposed and implemented. Generally, the pipe routing design as a part of the shipbuilding process requires a considerable number of man hours due to the complexity which comes from physical and operational constraints and the crucial influence on outfitting construction productivity. Therefore, the automation of pipe routing design operations and processes has always been one of the most important goals for improvements in shipbuilding design. The proposed system is applied to a pipe routing design in the engine room space of a commercial ship. The effectiveness of this system is verified as a reasonable form of support for pipe routing design jobs. The automatic routing result of this system can serve as a good basis model in the initial stages of pipe routing design, allowing the designer to reduce their design lead time significantly. As a result, the design productivity overall can be improved with this automatic pipe routing system

RF transmission line and drill/pipe string switching technology for down-hole telemetry

DOEpatents

Clark, David D [Santa Fe, NM; Coates, Don M [Santa Fe, NM

2007-08-14

A modulated reflectance well telemetry apparatus having an electrically conductive pipe extending from above a surface to a point below the surface inside a casing. An electrical conductor is located at a position a distance from the electrically conductive pipe and extending from above the surface to a point below the surface. Modulated reflectance apparatus is located below the surface for modulating well data into a RF carrier transmitted from the surface and reflecting the modulated carrier back to the surface. A RF transceiver is located at the surface and is connected between the electrically conductive pipe and the electrical conductor for transmitting a RF signal that is confined between the electrically conductive well pipe and the electrical conductor to the modulated reflectance apparatus, and for receiving reflected data on the well from the modulated reflectance apparatus.

40 CFR 60.481 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... bypassing of equipment without stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter... process. Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a... means two block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the...

40 CFR 60.481 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... bypassing of equipment without stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter... process. Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a... means two block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the...

40 CFR 60.481 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... bypassing of equipment without stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter... process. Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a... means two block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the...

40 CFR 60.481 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... bypassing of equipment without stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter... process. Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a... means two block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the...

40 CFR 60.481 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... bypassing of equipment without stopping production. Quarter means a 3-month period; the first quarter... process. Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a... means two block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the...

Relationship between Pipeline Wall Thickness (Gr. X60) and Water Depth towards Avoiding Failure during Installation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Razak, K. Abdul; Othman, M. I. H.; Mat Yusuf, S.; Fuad, M. F. I. Ahmad; yahaya, Effah

2018-05-01

Oil and gas today being developed at different water depth characterized as shallow, deep and ultra-deep waters. Among the major components involved during the offshore installation is pipelines. Pipelines are a transportation method of material through a pipe. In oil and gas industry, pipeline come from a bunch of line pipe that welded together to become a long pipeline and can be divided into two which is gas pipeline and oil pipeline. In order to perform pipeline installation, we need pipe laying barge or pipe laying vessel. However, pipe laying vessel can be divided into two types: S-lay vessel and J-lay vessel. The function of pipe lay vessel is not only to perform pipeline installation. It also performed installation of umbilical or electrical cables. In the simple words, pipe lay vessel is performing the installation of subsea in all the connecting infrastructures. Besides that, the installation processes of pipelines require special focus to make the installation succeed. For instance, the heavy pipelines may exceed the lay vessel’s tension capacities in certain kind of water depth. Pipeline have their own characteristic and we can group it or differentiate it by certain parameters such as grade of material, type of material, size of diameter, size of wall thickness and the strength. For instances, wall thickness parameter studies indicate that if use the higher steel grade of the pipelines will have a significant contribution in pipeline wall thickness reduction. When running the process of pipe lay, water depth is the most critical thing that we need to monitor and concern about because of course we cannot control the water depth but we can control the characteristic of the pipe like apply line pipe that have wall thickness suitable with current water depth in order to avoid failure during the installation. This research will analyse whether the pipeline parameter meet the requirements limit and minimum yield stress. It will overlook to simulate pipe grade API 5L X60 which size from 8 to 20mm thickness with a water depth of 50 to 300m. Result shown that pipeline installation will fail from the wall thickness of 18mm onwards since it has been passed the critical yield percentage.

46 CFR 108.437 - Pipe sizes and discharge rates for enclosed ventilation systems for rotating electrical equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Pipe sizes and discharge rates for enclosed ventilation... Systems Fixed Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing Systems § 108.437 Pipe sizes and discharge rates for enclosed ventilation systems for rotating electrical equipment. (a) The minimum pipe size for the initial...

40 CFR 86.312-79 - Dynamometer and engine equipment specifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... system must have a single tail pipe. For engines designed for a dual exhaust system, a standard or... standard exhaust system components downstream of the “Y” pipe. For systems with the “Y” pipe upstream of... exhaust pipe downstream of the muffler(s) and from 3 to 20 feet downstream from the exhaust manifold...

46 CFR 50.05-5 - Existing boilers, pressure vessels or piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Existing boilers, pressure vessels or piping systems. 50... ENGINEERING GENERAL PROVISIONS Application § 50.05-5 Existing boilers, pressure vessels or piping systems. (a) Whenever doubt exists as to the safety of an existing boiler, pressure vessel, or piping system, the marine...

Research on the ITOC based scheduling system for ship piping production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Rui; Liu, Yu-Jun; Hamada, Kunihiro

2010-12-01

Manufacturing of ship piping systems is one of the major production activities in shipbuilding. The schedule of pipe production has an important impact on the master schedule of shipbuilding. In this research, the ITOC concept was introduced to solve the scheduling problems of a piping factory, and an intelligent scheduling system was developed. The system, in which a product model, an operation model, a factory model, and a knowledge database of piping production were integrated, automated the planning process and production scheduling. Details of the above points were discussed. Moreover, an application of the system in a piping factory, which achieved a higher level of performance as measured by tardiness, lead time, and inventory, was demonstrated.

Proceedings of the 1983 SPC/IREAPS Technical Symposium: Volume 1, Improving Shipbuilding Productivity. Held in Boston, MA on 23-25 August 1983

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-08-25

currently available Westinghouse CAE capabilities include plant layout, piping design, piping analysis , support/hanger design, and drawing preparation. The...considerations involved with the design and analysis of piping and support systems and space management in nuclear power plants are very similar to...piping analysis system can obtain input defini- tion data either from the plant modeling system or from piping drawings (for systems not designed using

40 CFR 280.44 - Methods of release detection for piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... accordance with the following: (a) Automatic line leak detectors. Methods which alert the operator to the... pounds per square inch line pressure within 1 hour. An annual test of the operation of the leak detector...

40 CFR 280.44 - Methods of release detection for piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... accordance with the following: (a) Automatic line leak detectors. Methods which alert the operator to the... pounds per square inch line pressure within 1 hour. An annual test of the operation of the leak detector...

40 CFR 280.44 - Methods of release detection for piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... accordance with the following: (a) Automatic line leak detectors. Methods which alert the operator to the... pounds per square inch line pressure within 1 hour. An annual test of the operation of the leak detector...

40 CFR 280.44 - Methods of release detection for piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... accordance with the following: (a) Automatic line leak detectors. Methods which alert the operator to the... pounds per square inch line pressure within 1 hour. An annual test of the operation of the leak detector...

40 CFR 280.44 - Methods of release detection for piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... accordance with the following: (a) Automatic line leak detectors. Methods which alert the operator to the... pounds per square inch line pressure within 1 hour. An annual test of the operation of the leak detector...

Three-dimensional graphdiyne as a topological nodal-line semimetal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nomura, Takafumi; Habe, Tetsuro; Sakamoto, Ryota; Koshino, Mikito

2018-05-01

We study the electronic band structure of three-dimensional ABC-stacked (rhombohedral) graphdiyne, which is a new planar carbon allotrope recently fabricated. Using first-principles calculation, we show that the system is a nodal-line semimetal, in which the conduction band and valence band cross at a closed ring in the momentum space. We derive the minimum tight-binding model and the low-energy effective Hamiltonian in a 4 ×4 matrix form. The nodal line is protected by a nontrivial winding number, and it ensures the existence of the topological surface state in a finite-thickness slab. The Fermi surface of the doped system exhibits a peculiar, self-intersecting hourglass structure, which is quite different from the torus or pipe shape in the previously proposed nodal semimetals. Despite its simple configuration, three-dimensional graphdiyne offers unique electronic properties distinct from any other carbon allotropes.

Energy saving potential of a two-pipe system for simultaneous heating and cooling of office buildings

DOE PAGES

Maccarini, Alessandro; Wetter, Michael; Afshari, Alireza; ...

2016-10-31

This paper analyzes the performance of a novel two-pipe system that operates one water loop to simultaneously provide space heating and cooling with a water supply temperature of around 22 °C. To analyze the energy performance of the system, a simulation-based research was conducted. The two-pipe system was modelled using the equation-based Modelica modeling language in Dymola. A typical office building model was considered as the case study. Simulations were run for two construction sets of the building envelope and two conditions related to inter-zone air flows. To calculate energy savings, a conventional four-pipe system was modelled and used formore » comparison. The conventional system presented two separated water loops for heating and cooling with supply temperatures of 45 °C and 14 °C, respectively. Simulation results showed that the two-pipe system was able to use less energy than the four-pipe system thanks to three effects: useful heat transfer from warm to cold zones, higher free cooling potential and higher efficiency of the heat pump. In particular, the two-pipe system used approximately between 12% and 18% less total annual primary energy than the four-pipe system, depending on the simulation case considered.« less

Energy saving potential of a two-pipe system for simultaneous heating and cooling of office buildings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maccarini, Alessandro; Wetter, Michael; Afshari, Alireza

This paper analyzes the performance of a novel two-pipe system that operates one water loop to simultaneously provide space heating and cooling with a water supply temperature of around 22 °C. To analyze the energy performance of the system, a simulation-based research was conducted. The two-pipe system was modelled using the equation-based Modelica modeling language in Dymola. A typical office building model was considered as the case study. Simulations were run for two construction sets of the building envelope and two conditions related to inter-zone air flows. To calculate energy savings, a conventional four-pipe system was modelled and used formore » comparison. The conventional system presented two separated water loops for heating and cooling with supply temperatures of 45 °C and 14 °C, respectively. Simulation results showed that the two-pipe system was able to use less energy than the four-pipe system thanks to three effects: useful heat transfer from warm to cold zones, higher free cooling potential and higher efficiency of the heat pump. In particular, the two-pipe system used approximately between 12% and 18% less total annual primary energy than the four-pipe system, depending on the simulation case considered.« less

In situ conversion process utilizing a closed loop heating system

DOEpatents

Sandberg, Chester Ledlie [Palo Alto, CA; Fowler, Thomas David [Houston, TX; Vinegar, Harold J [Bellaire, TX; Schoeber, Willen Jan Antoon Henri

2009-08-18

An in situ conversion system for producing hydrocarbons from a subsurface formation is described. The system includes a plurality of u-shaped wellbores in the formation. Piping is positioned in at least two of the u-shaped wellbores. A fluid circulation system is coupled to the piping. The fluid circulation system is configured to circulate hot heat transfer fluid through at least a portion of the piping to form at least one heated portion of the formation. An electrical power supply is configured to provide electrical current to at least a portion of the piping located below an overburden in the formation to resistively heat at least a portion of the piping. Heat transfers from the piping to the formation.

75 FR 69050 - Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, and Pressure Pipe From the People's...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-10

...''), the Department is issuing a countervailing duty order on certain seamless carbon and alloy steel... circumstances do not exist. See Certain Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Standard, Line, [[Page 69051

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

This paper reports on damaged sections of Botas' dual 30-in. gas line carrying USSR gas across the Marmara Sea to Turkey that were replaced 30 days ahead of contract schedule. Tefken Construction and Installation Co., Inc., Istanbul, working under a $4-million contract, replaced two sections on one of the dual lines near Ambarli, Turkey, within a two-month period. The offshore system stretches 33-mi under the Marmara Sea with some pipe laid at 262-ft maximum water depths. The scope of the project was to replace a 426-ft offshore approach to the northern shoreline and a 984-ft onshore section, which were damagedmore » by a submarine landslide.« less

An Investigation of the Cryogenic Freezing of Water in Non-Metallic Pipelines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin, C. I.; Richardson, R. N.; Bowen, R. J.

2004-06-01

Pipe freezing is increasingly used in a range of industries to solve otherwise intractable pipe line maintenance and servicing problems. This paper presents the interim results from an experimental study on deliberate freezing of polymeric pipelines. Previous and contemporary works are reviewed. The object of the current research is to confirm the feasibility of ice plug formation within a polymeric pipe as a method of isolation. Tests have been conducted on a range of polymeric pipes of various sizes. The results reported here all relate to freezing of horizontal pipelines. In each case the process of plug formation was photographed, the frozen plug pressure tested and the pipe inspected for signs of damage resulting from the freeze procedure. The time to freeze was recorded and various temperatures logged. These tests have demonstrated that despite the poor thermal and mechanical properties of the polymers, freezing offers a viable alternative method of isolation in polymeric pipelines.

Prediction of corrosion rates of water distribution pipelines according to aggressive corrosive water in Korea.

PubMed

Chung, W S; Yu, M J; Lee, H D

2004-01-01

The drinking water network serving Korea has been used for almost 100 years. Therefore, pipelines have suffered various degrees of deterioration due to aggressive environments. The pipe breaks were caused by in-external corrosion, water hammer, surface loading, etc. In this paper, we focused on describing corrosion status in water distribution pipes in Korea and reviewing some methods to predict corrosion rates. Results indicate that corrosive water of lakes was more aggressive than river water and the winter was more aggressive compared to other seasons. The roughness growth rates of Dongbok lake showed 0.23 mm/year. The high variation of corrosion rates is controlled by the aging pipes and smaller diameter. Also the phenolphthalein test on a cementitious core of cement mortar lined ductile cast iron pipe indicated the pipes over 15 years old had lost 50-100% of their lime active cross sectional area.

A Realization of Theoretical Maximum Performance in IPSec on Gigabit Ethernet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Onuki, Atsushi; Takeuchi, Kiyofumi; Inada, Toru; Tokiniwa, Yasuhisa; Ushirozawa, Shinobu

This paper describes “IPSec(IP Security) VPN system" and how it attains a theoretical maximum performance on Gigabit Ethernet. The Conventional System is implemented by software. However, the system has several bottlenecks which must be overcome to realize a theoretical maximum performance on Gigabit Ethernet. Thus, we newly propose IPSec VPN System with the FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) based hardware architecture, which transmits a packet by the pipe-lined flow processing and has 6 parallel structure of encryption and authentication engines. We show that our system attains the theoretical maximum performance in the short packet which is difficult to realize until now.

Underground pipeline laying using the pipe-in-pipe system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Antropova, N.; Krets, V.; Pavlov, M.

2016-09-01

The problems of resource saving and environmental safety during the installation and operation of the underwater crossings are always relevant. The paper describes the existing methods of trenchless pipeline technology, the structure of multi-channel pipelines, the types of supporting and guiding systems. The rational design is suggested for the pipe-in-pipe system. The finite element model is presented for the most dangerous sections of the inner pipes, the optimum distance is detected between the roller supports.

46 CFR 182.455 - Fuel piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... flow, must be fitted in the fuel supply lines, one at the tank connection and one at the engine end of... flexible hose must be installed in the fuel supply line at or near the engines. The flexible hose must meet... of the engine manufacturer, must be fitted in the fuel supply line in the engine compartment...

Heat transfer system

DOEpatents

Not Available

1980-03-07

A heat transfer system for a nuclear reactor is described. Heat transfer is accomplished within a sealed vapor chamber which is substantially evacuated prior to use. A heat transfer medium, which is liquid at the design operating temperatures, transfers heat from tubes interposed in the reactor primary loop to spaced tubes connected to a steam line for power generation purposes. Heat transfer is accomplished by a two-phase liquid-vapor-liquid process as used in heat pipes. Condensible gases are removed from the vapor chamber through a vertical extension in open communication with the chamber interior.

Heat transfer system

DOEpatents

McGuire, Joseph C.

1982-01-01

A heat transfer system for a nuclear reactor. Heat transfer is accomplished within a sealed vapor chamber which is substantially evacuated prior to use. A heat transfer medium, which is liquid at the design operating temperatures, transfers heat from tubes interposed in the reactor primary loop to spaced tubes connected to a steam line for power generation purposes. Heat transfer is accomplished by a two-phase liquid-vapor-liquid process as used in heat pipes. Condensible gases are removed from the vapor chamber through a vertical extension in open communication with the chamber interior.

On the impact bending test technique for high-strength pipe steels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arsenkin, A. M.; Odesskii, P. D.; Shabalov, I. P.; Likhachev, M. V.

2015-10-01

It is shown that the impact toughness (KCV-40 = 250 J/cm2) accepted for pipe steels of strength class K65 (σy ≥ 550 MPa) intended for large-diameter gas line pipes is ineffective to classify steels in fracture strength. The results obtained upon testing of specimens with a fatigue crack and additional sharp lateral grooves seem to be more effective. In energy consumption, a macrorelief with splits is found to be intermediate between ductile fracture and crystalline brittle fracture. A split formation mechanism is considered and a scheme is proposed for split formation.

Heat Pipes and Heat Rejection Component Testing at NASA Glenn Research Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sanzi, James L.; Jaworske, Donald A.

2012-01-01

Titanium-water heat pipes are being evaluated for use in the heat rejection system for space fission power systems. The heat rejection syst em currently comprises heat pipes with a graphite saddle and a composite fin. The heat input is a pumped water loop from the cooling of the power conversion system. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has been life testing titanium-water heat pipes as well as eval uating several heat pipe radiator designs. The testing includes thermal modeling and verification of model, material compatibility, frozen startup of heat pipe radiators, and simulating low-gravity environments. Future thermal testing of titanium-water heat pipes includes low-g ravity testing of thermosyphons, radiation testing of heat pipes and fin materials, water pump performance testing, as well as Small Busine ss Innovation Research funded deliverable prototype radiator panels.

Applications of UT results to confirm defects findings by utilization of relevant metallurgical investigations techniques on gas/condensate pipeline working in wet sour gas environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

El-Azhari, O. A.; Gajam, S. Y.

2015-03-01

The gas/condensate pipe line under investigation is a 12 inch diameter, 48 km ASTM, A106 steel pipeline, carrying hydrocarbons containing wet CO2 and H2S.The pipe line had exploded in a region 100m distance from its terminal; after 24 years of service. Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) and sour gas corrosion were expected due to the presence of wet H2S in the gas analysis. In other areas of pipe line ultrasonic testing was performed to determine whether the pipeline can be re-operated. The results have shown presence of internal planner defects, this was attributed to the existence of either laminations, type II inclusions or some service defects such as HIC and step wise cracking (SWC).Metallurgical investigations were conducted on fractured samples as per NACE standard (TM-0284-84). The obtained results had shown macroscopic cracks in the form of SWC, microstructure of steel had MnS inclusions. Crack sensitivity analyses were calculated and the microhardness testing was conducted. These results had confirmed that the line material was suffering from sour gas deteriorations. This paper correlates the field UT inspection findings with those methods investigated in the laboratory. Based on the results obtained a new HIC resistance material pipeline needs to be selected.

Failure of 307 basin transfer line and resultant ground contamination

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Denham, D.H.

1970-01-01

A leak of apparently long duration was discovered on December 9, 1965, in the transfer line from the 307 retention basins to the 340 contaminated waste system during the transfer of liquid from one of the 307 basins. This line was designed to carry only mildly-contaminated retention system waste. However, the uncovered line suggests that, over a period of time, the bottom half of the carbon steel transition section between the transfer line and the 340 contaminated waste system was corroded out. This permitted the highly contaminated waste to percolate into the soil beneath the missing pipe section. Since neithermore » the duration of leakage nor the exact origin or nature of the contaminants were known, this study was undertaken to: (1) estimate the amount of radioactivity released; (2) document its location with respect to the 340 Area and to the underlying groundwater; and (3) investigate its potential environmental impact. Soil samples were collected to determine the approximate location and quantity of each of the radionuclides which had leaked to the soil. One-digit accuracy was deemed sufficient to decide what, if any, action would be required. The findings from the several exploratory holes drilled at and adjacent to the site of the corroded transfer line are reported. (auth)« less

FIELD DEMONSTRATION OF INNOVATIVE CONDITION ASSESSMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR WATER MAINS: ACOUSTIC PIPE WALL ASSESSMENT, INTERNAL INSPECTION, AND EXTERNAL INSPECTIONVOLUME 1: TECHNICAL REPORT AND VOLUME 2: APPENDICES

EPA Science Inventory

Nine pipe wall integrity assessment technologies were demonstrated on a 76-year-old, 2,057-ft-long portion of a cement-lined, 24-in. cast iron water main in Louisville, KY. This activity was part of a series of field demonstrations of innovative leak detection/location and condi...

78 FR 63164 - Certain Small Diameter Carbon and Alloy Seamless Standard, Line and Pressure Pipe From Romania...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-23

... American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A- 53, ASTM A-106, ASTM A-333, ASTM A-334, ASTM A-335, ASTM A-589, ASTM A- 795, and the American Petroleum Institute (API) 5L specifications and meeting the... to the application of external heat. Seamless carbon steel pressure pipe meeting the ASTM A- 106...

75 FR 34980 - Circular Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipe from the Republic of Korea: Final Results of the Antidumping...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-21

... Republic of Korea, Mexico, and Venezuela, 61 FR 11608 (March 21, 1996), pipe certified to the API 5L line... Antidumping Duties, 68 FR 23954 (May 6, 2003) (``Assessment Policy Notice''). This clarification will apply to... there is no rate for the intermediary involved in the transaction. See Assessment Policy Notice for a...

A new debris sensor based on dual excitation sources for online debris monitoring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hong, Wei; Wang, Shaoping; Tomovic, Mileta M.; Liu, Haokuo; Wang, Xingjian

2015-09-01

Mechanical systems could be severely damaged by loose debris generated through wear processes between contact surfaces. Hence, debris detection is necessary for effective fault diagnosis, life prediction, and prevention of catastrophic failures. This paper presents a new in-line debris sensor for hydraulic systems based on dual excitation sources. The proposed sensor makes magnetic lines more concentrated while at the same time improving magnetic field uniformity. As a result the sensor has higher sensitivity and improved precision. This paper develops the sensor model, discusses sensor structural features, and introduces a measurement method for debris size identification. Finally, experimental verification is presented indicating that that the sensor can effectively detect 81 μm (cube) or larger particles in 12 mm outside diameter (OD) organic glass pipe.

Tree root intrusion in sewer systems: A review of extent and costs

Treesearch

T.B. Randrup; E.G. McPherson; L.R. Costello

2001-01-01

Interference between trees and sewer systems is likely to occur in old systems and in cracked pipes. Factors that contribute to damage include old pipes with joints, shallow pipes, small-dimension pipes, and fast-growing tree species. Because roots are reported to cause >50% of all sewer blockages, costs associated with root removal from sewers is substantial. In...

46 CFR 56.04-10 - Other systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Other systems. 56.04-10 Section 56.04-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES Piping Classification § 56.04-10 Other systems. Piping systems and appurtenances not requiring plan...

46 CFR 56.04-10 - Other systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Other systems. 56.04-10 Section 56.04-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES Piping Classification § 56.04-10 Other systems. Piping systems and appurtenances not requiring plan...

46 CFR 56.04-10 - Other systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Other systems. 56.04-10 Section 56.04-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES Piping Classification § 56.04-10 Other systems. Piping systems and appurtenances not requiring plan...

46 CFR 56.04-10 - Other systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Other systems. 56.04-10 Section 56.04-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES Piping Classification § 56.04-10 Other systems. Piping systems and appurtenances not requiring plan...

46 CFR 56.04-10 - Other systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Other systems. 56.04-10 Section 56.04-10 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES Piping Classification § 56.04-10 Other systems. Piping systems and appurtenances not requiring plan...

An investigation of hydraulic-line resonance and its attenuation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sewall, J. L.; Wineman, D. A.; Herr, R. W.

1973-01-01

An investigation of fluid resonance in high-pressure hydraulic lines has been made with two types of fluid dampers (or filters) installed in the line. One type involved the use of one or more closed-end tubes branching at right angles from a main line, and the other type was a fluid muffler installed in-line. These devices were evaluated in forced vibration tests with oscillatory disturbances over a 1000-Hz range applied to one end of the line and with oscillatory pressures measured at various stations along the main pipe. Limited applications of acoustic-wave theory to the branched systems are also included. Results show varying attenuations of pressure perturbations, depending on the number and location of branches and the type of muffler. Up to three branches were used in the branch-resonator study, and the largest frequency range with maximum attenuation was obtained for a three-branch configuration. The widest frequency ranges with significant attenuations were obtained with two types of fluid mufflers.

24 CFR 3280.705 - Gas piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... § 3280.705(b) (1) through (4). (1) Steel or wrought-iron pipe shall comply with ANSI Standard B36.10-1979, Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe. Threaded brass pipe in iron pipe sizes may be used. Threaded brass pipe shall comply with ASTM B43-91, Standard Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard...

24 CFR 3280.705 - Gas piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... § 3280.705(b) (1) through (4). (1) Steel or wrought-iron pipe shall comply with ANSI Standard B36.10-1979, Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe. Threaded brass pipe in iron pipe sizes may be used. Threaded brass pipe shall comply with ASTM B43-91, Standard Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard...

24 CFR 3280.705 - Gas piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... § 3280.705(b) (1) through (4). (1) Steel or wrought-iron pipe shall comply with ANSI Standard B36.10-1979, Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe. Threaded brass pipe in iron pipe sizes may be used. Threaded brass pipe shall comply with ASTM B43-91, Standard Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard...

24 CFR 3280.705 - Gas piping systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... § 3280.705(b) (1) through (4). (1) Steel or wrought-iron pipe shall comply with ANSI Standard B36.10-1979, Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe. Threaded brass pipe in iron pipe sizes may be used. Threaded brass pipe shall comply with ASTM B43-91, Standard Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard...

Study on pipe deflection by using numerical method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Husaini; Zaki Mubarak, Amir; Agustiar, Rizki

2018-05-01

Piping systems are widely used in a refinery or oil and gas industry. The piping system must be properly designed to avoid failure or leakage. Pipe stress analysis is conducted to analyze the loads and critical stress occurred, so that the failure of the pipe can be avoided. In this research, it is analyzed the deflection of a pipe by using Finite Element Method. The pipe is made of A358 / 304SS SCH10S Stainless Steel. It is 16 inches in size with the distance between supports is 10 meters. The fluid flown is Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) with the range of temperature of -120 ° C to -170 ° C, and a density of 461.1 kg / m 3. The flow of LNG causes deflection of the pipe. The pipe deflection must be within the permissible tolerable range. The objective is to analyze the deflection occurred in the piping system. Based on the calculation and simulation, the deflection is 4.4983 mm, which is below the maximum limit of deflection allowed, which is 20.3 mm.

Heat pipe heat rejection system and demonstration model for the nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ernst, D. M.

1981-01-01

The critical evaluation and subsequent redesign of the power conversion subsystem of the spacecraft are covered. As part of that evaluation and redesign, prototype heat pipe components for the heat rejection system were designed fabricated and tested. Based on the results of these tests in conjunction with changing mission requirements and changing energy conversion devices, new system designs were investigated. The initial evaluation and redesign was based on state-of-the-art fabrication and assembly techniques for high temperature liquid metal heat pipes and energy conversion devices. The hardware evaluation demonstrated the validity of several complicated heat pipe geometries and wick structures, including an annular-to-circular transition, bends in the heat pipe, long heat pipe condensers and arterial wicks. Additionally, a heat pipe computer model was developed which describes the end point temperature profile of long radiator heat pipes to within several degrees celsius.

Importance of Pipe Deposits to Lead and Copper Rule Compliance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schock, Michael R.; Cantor, Abigail F.; Triantafyllidou, Simoni

When Madison, Wis., exceeded the lead action level in 1992, residential and off-line tests suggested that lead release into the water was more complex than a lead solubility mechanism. Scale analyses (color and texture as well as mineralogical and elemental composition) of five excavated lead service lines (LSLs) revealed that accumulation of manganese (and iron) onto pipe walls had implications for lead corrosion by providing a high-capacity sink for lead. Manganese that accumulated from source well water onto pipe scales (up to 10% by weight of scale composition) served to capture and eventually transport lead to consumer taps. In addition,more » manganese sometimes obstructed the predominance of an insoluble (and thus potentially protective) plattnerite [Pb(IV) solid] scale layer. Full LSL replacement in Madison achieved Lead and Copper Rule compliance and a major reduction in lead contamination and exposure, supplemented by unidirectional flushing of water mains and manganese control in the source well water.« less

Heat pipe radiator. [for spacecraft waste heat rejection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Swerdling, B.; Alario, J.

1973-01-01

A 15,000 watt spacecraft waste heat rejection system utilizing heat pipe radiator panels was investigated. Of the several concepts initially identified, a series system was selected for more in-depth analysis. As a demonstration of system feasibility, a nominal 500 watt radiator panel was designed, built and tested. The panel, which is a module of the 15,000 watt system, consists of a variable conductance heat pipe (VCHP) header, and six isothermalizer heat pipes attached to a radiating fin. The thermal load to the VCHP is supplied by a Freon-21 liquid loop via an integral heat exchanger. Descriptions of the results of the system studies and details of the radiator design are included along with the test results for both the heat pipe components and the assembled radiator panel. These results support the feasibility of using heat pipes in a spacecraft waste heat rejection system.

78 FR 37214 - Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC; Notice of Availability of the Environmental...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-20

... constitute a major federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human environment. The U.S. Army... station, line heaters, and pig \\1\\ receiver at the terminus of the Brunswick Lateral; and \\1\\ A ``pig'' is...

How partial nitrification could improve reclaimed wastewater transport in long pipes.

PubMed

Delgado, S; Alvarez, M; Rodríguez-Gómez, L E; Elmaleh, S; Aguiar, E

2001-01-01

Reclaimed wastewater transport is studied in a concrete-lined cast iron pipe, where a nitrification-denitrification process occurs. The pipe is part of the Reuse System of Reclaimed Wastewater of South Tenerife (Spain), 0.6 m in diameter and 61 km long. In order to improve wastewater quality, at 10 km from the inlet there is injection of fresh water saturated in dissolved oxygen (DO), after which a fast nitrification process usually appears (less than two hours of space time). The amount of oxidized nitrogen compounds produced varies between 0.8 and 4.4 mg/l NOx(-)-N. When DO has disappeared, a denitrification process begins. The removal of nitrite is complete at the end of the pipe, whereas the nitrate does not disappear completely, leaving a concentration of about 0.4-0.5 mg/l. For a COD/NOx(-)-N ratio higher than 5, a first order nitrification rate in NOx(-)-N has resulted, with the constant k20 = 0.079 h-1, for a NOx(-)-N concentration range of 0.8-4.4 mg/l. Finally the following temperature dependency for the first order denitrification rate constant has been found: k = k20 x 1 x 15T-20. Although nitrogen could be used as nutrient in the agricultural reuse, its removal from reclaimed wastewater could be useful in order to diminish the chlorine needs for reclaimed wastewater disinfection.

46 CFR 154.1735 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... mixture must have a refrigeration system without vapor compression or have a refrigeration system with the... separate cargo piping, vent piping, and refrigeration equipment for methyl acetylene-propadiene that are segregated from other cargo piping, vent piping and refrigeration equipment on the vessel. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR...

46 CFR 154.1735 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... mixture must have a refrigeration system without vapor compression or have a refrigeration system with the... separate cargo piping, vent piping, and refrigeration equipment for methyl acetylene-propadiene that are segregated from other cargo piping, vent piping and refrigeration equipment on the vessel. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR...

46 CFR 154.1735 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... mixture must have a refrigeration system without vapor compression or have a refrigeration system with the... separate cargo piping, vent piping, and refrigeration equipment for methyl acetylene-propadiene that are segregated from other cargo piping, vent piping and refrigeration equipment on the vessel. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR...

46 CFR 154.1735 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... mixture must have a refrigeration system without vapor compression or have a refrigeration system with the... separate cargo piping, vent piping, and refrigeration equipment for methyl acetylene-propadiene that are segregated from other cargo piping, vent piping and refrigeration equipment on the vessel. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR...

46 CFR 154.1735 - Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... mixture must have a refrigeration system without vapor compression or have a refrigeration system with the... separate cargo piping, vent piping, and refrigeration equipment for methyl acetylene-propadiene that are segregated from other cargo piping, vent piping and refrigeration equipment on the vessel. [CGD 74-289, 44 FR...

A heat receiver design for solar dynamic space power systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baker, Karl W.; Dustin, Miles O.; Crane, Roger

1990-01-01

An advanced heat pipe receiver designed for a solar dynamic space power system is described. The power system consists of a solar concentrator, solar heat receiver, Stirling heat engine, linear alternator and waste heat radiator. The solar concentrator focuses the sun's energy into a heat receiver. The engine and alternator convert a portion of this energy to electric power and the remaining heat is rejected by a waste heat radiator. Primary liquid metal heat pipes transport heat energy to the Stirling engine. Thermal energy storage allows this power system to operate during the shade portion of an orbit. Lithium fluoride/calcium fluoride eutectic is the thermal energy storage material. Thermal energy storage canisters are attached to the midsection of each heat pipe. The primary heat pipes pass through a secondary vapor cavity heat pipe near the engine and receiver interface. The secondary vapor cavity heat pipe serves three important functions. First, it smooths out hot spots in the solar cavity and provides even distribution of heat to the engine. Second, the event of a heat pipe failure, the secondary heat pipe cavity can efficiently transfer heat from other operating primary heat pipes to the engine heat exchanger of the defunct heat pipe. Third, the secondary heat pipe vapor cavity reduces temperature drops caused by heat flow into the engine. This unique design provides a high level of reliability and performance.

Pipe inspection using the pipe crawler. Innovative technology summary report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1999-05-01

The US Department of Energy (DOE) continually seeks safer and more cost-effective remediation technologies for use in the decontamination and decommissioning (D and D) of nuclear facilities. In several of the buildings at the Fernald Site, there is piping that was used to transport process materials. As the demolition of these buildings occur, disposal of this piping has become a costly issue. Currently, all process piping is cut into ten-foot or less sections, the ends of the piping are wrapped and taped to prevent the release of any potential contaminants into the air, and the piping is placed in rollmore » off boxes for eventual repackaging and shipment to the Nevada Test Site (NTS) for disposal. Alternatives that allow for the onsite disposal of process piping are greatly desired due to the potential for dramatic savings in current offsite disposal costs. No means is currently employed to allow for the adequate inspection of the interior of piping, and consequently, process piping has been assumed to be internally contaminated and thus routinely disposed of at NTS. The BTX-II system incorporates a high-resolution micro color camera with lightheads, cabling, a monitor, and a video recorder. The complete probe is capable of inspecting pipes with an internal diameter (ID) as small as 1.4 inches. By using readily interchangeable lightheads, the same system is capable of inspecting piping up to 24 inches in ID. The original development of the BTX system was for inspection of boiler tubes and small diameter pipes for build-up, pitting, and corrosion. However, the system is well suited for inspecting the interior of most types of piping and other small, confined areas. The report describes the technology, its performance, uses, cost, regulatory and policy issues, and lessons learned.« less

46 CFR 119.455 - Fuel piping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the fuel supply line in the engine compartment. Strainers must be leak free. Strainers must be of the... as to close against the fuel flow, must be fitted in the fuel supply lines, one at the tank... copper tubing or a short length of flexible hose must be installed in the fuel supply line at or near the...

Observations on water system and pipeline performance in the Limon area of Costa Rica due to the April 22, 1991 earthquake. Technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

O'Rourke, M.J.; Ballantyne, D.

The document focuses on earthquake damage to water and oil pipelines, water supply, and water treatment following the 22 April 1991 Costa Rica Earthquake. The moment magnitude 7.5 earthquake occurred approximately 40 km south-southwest of Limon, and resulted in a coseismic uplift of up to 1.5 meters along Costa Rica's east coast. The report also provides an overview of the engineering aspects of the event and recovery activities. Turbidity in the watershed which provides Limon's primary water supply increased to as high as 2.4 percent solids, making it extremely difficult to treat. In addition, the water treatment plant was damagedmore » by the earthquake. Cast iron, ductile iron and reinforced concrete cylinder pipe water transmission lines were damaged by both wave propagation and permanent ground deformation. Water distribution piping, also including PVC and galvanized iron, was similarly impacted. Documentation and evaluation of that damage is described, and compared with empirical estimates from previous earthquakes. Twin 150 mm (6 in), 100 km long, oil transmission lines suffered only a single failure from wrinkling. A description of the pipelines and the failure is provided.« less

Appendices of an appraisal for the use of geothermal energy in state-owned buildings in Colorado. Section D. Durango

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meyer, R.T.; Coe, B.A.; Dick, J.D.

1981-01-01

Four state-owned building complexes ahve been evaluated within the city of Durango: The State Fish Hatchery, Fort Lewis College, new State Highway Department Building near the Bodo Industrial Park, and the National Guard Building. Three of the state facilities in Durango are evaluated for geothermal systems on thea ssumption of taking geothermal water from a trunk-line originating at the area northof Durango: State Fish Hatchery, Fort Lewis College and new State Highway Department Building. The National Guard Building is evaluated on the basis of a water-to-air heat pump, with warm water derived from a hypothetical shallow aquifer immediately below themore » building site. Two geothermal options were separately evaluated for Fort Lewis College: a central heat exchanger system for delivery of 145/sup 0/F heating water to the campus buildings and a central heat pump system for boosting the heating water to 200/sup 0/F prior to delivery to the buildings; both systems require the installation of a distribution piping network for the entire campus area. Retrofit engineering for the State Fish Hatchery provides for the installation of a small scale central distribution piping system to the several buildings, a central heat excanger coupled to the geothermal trunk line, and the use of various fan coil and unit heaters for space heating. An option is provided for discharge-mixing the geothermal water into the fish ponds and runs in order to raise the hatchery water temperature a couple degrees for increasing fish production and yield. The heating system for the new State Highway Department Building is redesigned to replace the natural-gas-fired forced-air furnaces with a heat exchanger, hot water fan coils and unit heaters.« less

Soviet Post-Strike Civil Defense Rescue, Damage-Limiting, Repair and Restoration Operations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-08-01

a temporary pipe system laid on the surface of the ground.- Power to pumping stations at undamaged wells or along the pipelines may be provided from...raw materials from severely damaged installations, will be salvaged and possibly used to set up new production lines in different locations. The repair...protect the economy to ensure its "stable" operation in wartime. Despite obvious differences between the U.S. and Soviet political, administrative

Robotic platform for traveling on vertical piping network

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nance, Thomas A; Vrettos, Nick J; Krementz, Daniel

This invention relates generally to robotic systems and is specifically designed for a robotic system that can navigate vertical pipes within a waste tank or similar environment. The robotic system allows a process for sampling, cleaning, inspecting and removing waste around vertical pipes by supplying a robotic platform that uses the vertical pipes to support and navigate the platform above waste material contained in the tank.

Sensor for Individual Burner Control of Coal Firing Rate, Fuel-Air Ratio and Coal Fineness Correlation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

R. Demler

2006-04-01

Accurate, cost-efficient monitoring instrumentation has long been considered essential to the operation of power plants. Nonetheless, for the monitoring of coal flow, such instrumentation has been sorely lacking and technically difficult to achieve. With more than half of the electrical power in the United States currently supplied by coal, energy generated by this resource is critical to the US economy. The demand for improvement in this area has only increased as a result of the following two situations: First, deregulation has produced a heightened demand for both reduced electrical cost and improved grid connectivity. Second, environmental concerns have simultaneously resultedmore » in a need for both increased efficiency and reduced carbon and NOx emissions. A potential approach to addressing both these needs would be improvement in the area of combustion control. This would result in a better heat rate, reduced unburned carbon in ash, and reduced NOx emissions. However, before feedback control can be implemented, the ability to monitor coal flow to the burners in real-time must be established. While there are several ''commercially available'' products for real-time coal flow measurement, power plant personnel are highly skeptical about the accuracy and longevity of these systems in their current state of development. In fact, following several demonstration projects of in-situ coal flow measurement systems in full scale utility boilers, it became obvious that there were still many unknown influences on these instruments during field applications. Due to the operational environment of the power plant, it has been difficult if not impossible to sort out what parameters could be influencing the various probe technologies. Additionally, it has been recognized for some time that little is known regarding the performance of coal flow splitters, even where rifflers are employed. Often the coal flow distribution from these splitters remains mal-distributed. There have been mixed results in the field using variable orifices in coal pipes. Development of other coal flow control devices has been limited. An underlying difficulty that, to date, has hindered the development of an accurate instrument for coal flow measurements is the fact that coal flow is characterized by irregular temporal and spatial variation. However, despite the inherent complexity of the dynamic system, the system is in fact deterministic. Therefore, in principle, the coal flow can be deduced from the dynamics it exhibits. Nonetheless, the interactions are highly nonlinear, rendering standard signal processing approaches, which rely on techniques such as frequency decomposition, to be of little value. Foster-Miller, Inc. has developed a methodology that relates the complex variation in such systems to the information of interest. This technology will be described in detail in Section 2. A second concern regarding the current measurement systems is installation, which can be labor-intensive and cost-prohibitive. A process that does not require the pulverizer to be taken off line would be highly desirable. Most microwave and electrostatic methods require drilling up to 20 holes in the pipe, all with a high degree of precision so as to produce a proper alignment of the probes. At least one electrostatic method requires a special spool piece to be fitted into each existing coal pipe. Overall, these procedures are both difficult and very expensive. An alternative approach is pursued here, namely the development of an instrument that relies on an acoustic signal captured by way of a commercial accelerometer. The installation of this type of sensor is both simpler and less invasive than other techniques. An accelerometer installed in a pipe wall need not penetrate through the wall, which means that the system may be able to remain on line during the installation. Further, due to the fact that the Dynamical Instruments technology, unlike other systems, does not rely on uniformity of the air or coal profile, the installation location need not be on a long, straight run of pipe. In fact, an optimal signal is obtained near a pipe elbow. This is fortuitous, as bends are often more accessible on pipes in a power plant than straight sections. In contrast to measurement systems that rely on the uniformity of the air and coal profile, the accuracy of the system under development will not compromised by varying levels of flow uniformity.« less

Protecting tree roots and subterranean infrastructure in urban areas by developing self-compacting flowable fills with root growth impeding properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Felde, Vincent; Simon, Jana; Kimm-Friedenberg, Stefan; Peth, Stephan; Middendorf, Bernhard

2015-04-01

In urban areas, the installation of cables and disposal lines is still done by open building method. Here, a ditch is being excavated, pipes and lines are laid and subsequently it is filled with and covered by bulk material (e.g. sand or gravel), which is then compacted. Due to the often times limited space that the roots have in the ground and the better supply of water and oxygen in the poorly compacted bulk material, these refilled ditches are areas of preferential root growth of urban trees. The entangling of the pipes and supply lines by these roots leads to severe damage of the tree when maintenance work on the lines is carried out and roots have to be cut. In order to reduce this competition between urban trees and urban subterranean infrastructure, the development of a self-compacting flowable fill with root growth resistance is mandatory. Physico-chemical properties, such as a very high pH-value and a low cation-exchange-capacity, a low root-penetrability, a high packing density and a low porosity, with a poorly connected pore system that impedes gas and water exchange are the characteristic aspects of this flowable fills that could help avoid undesired root penetration into supply lines. The flowable fills are supposed to sheath pipes and lines void-free and without any tension, in order to restrain the root growth in these areas. Trees are of crucial importance for urban ecosystems and are comprising 3% of the total stock of trees in the Federal Republic of Germany, which is why it is fundamental to conserve them. This work therefore targets not only at enabling a balanced coexistence of urban trees and subterranean infrastructure, but also at avoiding costly re-opening of ditches, tree harming cutting of roots and time consuming maintenance work. Further positive side effects are reduced costs for network providers and local municipalities, as well as reduced noise and dust emissions for passersby and local residents. To guarantee the root growth restricting properties, the self-compacting fill has to have less porosity than the adjacent soil (40 - 60%). Theoretically a porosity of 30% is possible with a homogeneous compaction of sand. In urban areas, however, because of the limited spaces and crossing pipes, a mechanical and homogenous compacting is often impossible. Porosities of 60 to 70% are the result. Self-compacting flowable fills have a porosity of about 40% while the first optimized materials can even have a porosity of 28%. We present the first results of the hydro-mechanical properties of the different materials under development that highlight the influence of the mixture of the fills (i.e. maximal grain size) on the root growth impeding properties, while still ensuring mechanical workability of the material (in spite of the low porosity, strengths less than 0.8 N mm-² must be ensured at all times).

Elimination of Naegleria fowleri from bulk water and biofilm in an operational drinking water distribution system.

PubMed

Miller, Haylea C; Morgan, Matthew J; Wylie, Jason T; Kaksonen, Anna H; Sutton, David; Braun, Kalan; Puzon, Geoffrey J

2017-03-01

Global incidence of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis cases associated with domestic drinking water is increasing. The need for understanding disinfectant regimes capable of eliminating the causative microorganism, Naegleria fowleri, from bulk water and pipe wall biofilms is critical. This field study demonstrated the successful elimination of N. fowleri from the bulk water and pipe wall biofilm of a persistently colonised operational drinking water distribution system (DWDS), and the prevention of further re-colonisation. A new chlorination unit was installed along the pipe line to boost the free chlorine residual to combat the persistence of N. fowleri. Biofilm and bulk water were monitored prior to and after re-chlorination (RCl), pre-rechlorination (pre-RCl) and post-rechlorination (post-RCl), respectively, for one year. A constant free chlorine concentration of > 1 mg/L resulted in the elimination of N. fowleri from both the bulk water and biofilm at the post-RCl site. Other amoeba species were detected during the first two months of chlorination, but all amoebae were eliminated from both the bulk water and biofilm at post-RCl after 60 days of chlorination with free chlorine concentrations > 1 mg/L. In addition, a dynamic change in the biofilm community composition and a four log reduction in biofilm cell density occurred post-RCl. The pre-RCl site continued to be seasonally colonised by N. fowleri, but the constant free chlorine residual of > 1 mg/L prevented N. fowleri from recolonising the bulk and pipe wall biofilm at the post-RCl site. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate successful removal of N. fowleri from both the bulk and pipe wall biofilm and prevention of re-colonisation of N. fowleri in an operational DWDS. The findings of this study are of importance to water utilities in addressing the presence of N. fowleri and other amoeba in susceptible DWDSs. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

BOA: Asbestos pipe-insulation removal robot system, Phase 2. Topical report, January--June 1995

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schempf, H.; Bares, J.E.

This report explored the regulatory impact and cost-benefit of a robotic thermal asbestos pipe-insulation removal system over the current manual abatement work practice. The authors are currently in the second phase of a two-phase program to develop a robotic asbestos abatement system, comprised of a ground-based support system (including vacuum, fluid delivery, computing/electronics/power, and other subsystems) and several on-pipe removal units, each sized to handle pipes within a given diameter range. The intent of this study was to (i) aid in developing design and operational criteria for the overall system to maximize cost-efficiency, and (ii) to determine the commercial potentialmore » of a robotic pipe-insulation abatement system.« less

Persistence of asymmetry in nonaxisymmetric entry flow in a circular cylindrical tube and its relevance to arterial pulse wave diagnosis.

PubMed

Xue, H; Fung, Y C

1989-02-01

In an experiment motivated by the study of arterial blood flow along the lines suggested by the traditional Chinese medicine, the flow in a pipe whose lumen was blocked by a semi-circular plug two tube-diameters long was visualized by suspended particles, recorded by cinematography, and analyzed digitally. The Reynolds number was in the range of 100 to 450 based on the pipe diameter, similar to that of blood flow in the radial artery in the arms of man. The blockage was found to have a profound effect on the velocity profile of the flow in the wake, but it had little influence on the symmetry of the velocity profile upstream of the block, except in its immediate neighborhood. When the end conditions far away from the block were steady, the flow in the wake was steady. The asymmetry of the flow in the wake can be judged by the deviation of the location of the maximum axial velocity from the center line of the pipe as seen in the plane of symmetry of the blockage. Our results show that the deviation can be described as the sum of two components. The first is a strong one which decays exponentially in an entry length which is about twice as long as the classical Boussinesq entry length of axisymmetric flow. The second is a weaker component which is wavy spatially and persists far downstream (many times the entry length). The separated flow and vortex system behind the blockage are sensitive to the flow rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coupled reactor kinetics and heat transfer model for heat pipe cooled reactors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wright, Steven A.; Houts, Michael

2001-02-01

Heat pipes are often proposed as cooling system components for small fission reactors. SAFE-300 and STAR-C are two reactor concepts that use heat pipes as an integral part of the cooling system. Heat pipes have been used in reactors to cool components within radiation tests (Deverall, 1973); however, no reactor has been built or tested that uses heat pipes solely as the primary cooling system. Heat pipe cooled reactors will likely require the development of a test reactor to determine the main differences in operational behavior from forced cooled reactors. The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of a systems code capable of modeling the coupling between the reactor kinetics and heat pipe controlled heat transport. Heat transport in heat pipe reactors is complex and highly system dependent. Nevertheless, in general terms it relies on heat flowing from the fuel pins through the heat pipe, to the heat exchanger, and then ultimately into the power conversion system and heat sink. A system model is described that is capable of modeling coupled reactor kinetics phenomena, heat transfer dynamics within the fuel pins, and the transient behavior of heat pipes (including the melting of the working fluid). This paper focuses primarily on the coupling effects caused by reactor feedback and compares the observations with forced cooled reactors. A number of reactor startup transients have been modeled, and issues such as power peaking, and power-to-flow mismatches, and loading transients were examined, including the possibility of heat flow from the heat exchanger back into the reactor. This system model is envisioned as a tool to be used for screening various heat pipe cooled reactor concepts, for designing and developing test facility requirements, for use in safety evaluations, and for developing test criteria for in-pile and out-of-pile test facilities. .

INTERNAL REPAIR OF PIPELINES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bill Bruce; Nancy Porter; George Ritter

2005-07-20

The two broad categories of fiber-reinforced composite liner repair and deposited weld metal repair technologies were reviewed and evaluated for potential application for internal repair of gas transmission pipelines. Both are used to some extent for other applications and could be further developed for internal, local, structural repair of gas transmission pipelines. Principal conclusions from a survey of natural gas transmission industry pipeline operators can be summarized in terms of the following performance requirements for internal repair: (1) Use of internal repair is most attractive for river crossings, under other bodies of water, in difficult soil conditions, under highways, undermore » congested intersections, and under railway crossings. (2) Internal pipe repair offers a strong potential advantage to the high cost of horizontal direct drilling when a new bore must be created to solve a leak or other problem. (3) Typical travel distances can be divided into three distinct groups: up to 305 m (1,000 ft.); between 305 m and 610 m (1,000 ft. and 2,000 ft.); and beyond 914 m (3,000 ft.). All three groups require pig-based systems. A despooled umbilical system would suffice for the first two groups which represents 81% of survey respondents. The third group would require an onboard self-contained power unit for propulsion and welding/liner repair energy needs. (4) The most common size range for 80% to 90% of operators surveyed is 508 mm (20 in.) to 762 mm (30 in.), with 95% using 558.8 mm (22 in.) pipe. Evaluation trials were conducted on pipe sections with simulated corrosion damage repaired with glass fiber-reinforced composite liners, carbon fiber-reinforced composite liners, and weld deposition. Additional un-repaired pipe sections were evaluated in the virgin condition and with simulated damage. Hydrostatic failure pressures for pipe sections repaired with glass fiber-reinforced composite liner were only marginally greater than that of pipe sections without liners, indicating that this type of liner is only marginally effective at restoring the pressure containing capabilities of pipelines. Failure pressures for larger diameter pipe repaired with a semi-circular patch of carbon fiber-reinforced composite lines were also marginally greater than that of a pipe section with un-repaired simulated damage without a liner. These results indicate that fiber reinforced composite liners have the potential to increase the burst pressure of pipe sections with external damage Carbon fiber based liners are viewed as more promising than glass fiber based liners because of the potential for more closely matching the mechanical properties of steel. Pipe repaired with weld deposition failed at pressures lower than that of un-repaired pipe in both the virgin and damaged conditions, indicating that this repair technology is less effective at restoring the pressure containing capability of pipe than a carbon fiber-reinforced liner repair. Physical testing indicates that carbon fiber-reinforced liner repair is the most promising technology evaluated to-date. In lieu of a field installation on an abandoned pipeline, a preliminary nondestructive testing protocol is being developed to determine the success or failure of the fiber-reinforced liner pipeline repairs. Optimization and validation activities for carbon-fiber repair methods are ongoing.« less

INTERNAL REPAIR OF PIPELINES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Robin Gordon; Bill Bruce; Ian Harris

2004-12-31

The two broad categories of fiber-reinforced composite liner repair and deposited weld metal repair technologies were reviewed and evaluated for potential application for internal repair of gas transmission pipelines. Both are used to some extent for other applications and could be further developed for internal, local, structural repair of gas transmission pipelines. Principal conclusions from a survey of natural gas transmission industry pipeline operators can be summarized in terms of the following performance requirements for internal repair: (1) Use of internal repair is most attractive for river crossings, under other bodies of water, in difficult soil conditions, under highways, undermore » congested intersections, and under railway crossings. (2) Internal pipe repair offers a strong potential advantage to the high cost of horizontal direct drilling when a new bore must be created to solve a leak or other problem. (3) Typical travel distances can be divided into three distinct groups: up to 305 m (1,000 ft.); between 305 m and 610 m (1,000 ft. and 2,000 ft.); and beyond 914 m (3,000 ft.). All three groups require pig-based systems. A despooled umbilical system would suffice for the first two groups which represents 81% of survey respondents. The third group would require an onboard self-contained power unit for propulsion and welding/liner repair energy needs. (4) The most common size range for 80% to 90% of operators surveyed is 508 mm (20 in.) to 762 mm (30 in.), with 95% using 558.8 mm (22 in.) pipe. Evaluation trials were conducted on pipe sections with simulated corrosion damage repaired with glass fiber-reinforced composite liners, carbon fiber-reinforced composite liners, and weld deposition. Additional un-repaired pipe sections were evaluated in the virgin condition and with simulated damage. Hydrostatic failure pressures for pipe sections repaired with glass fiber-reinforced composite liner were only marginally greater than that of pipe sections without liners, indicating that this type of liner is only marginally effective at restoring the pressure containing capabilities of pipelines. Failure pressures for larger diameter pipe repaired with a semi-circular patch of carbon fiber-reinforced composite lines were also marginally greater than that of a pipe section with un-repaired simulated damage without a liner. These results indicate that fiber reinforced composite liners have the potential to increase the burst pressure of pipe sections with external damage Carbon fiber based liners are viewed as more promising than glass fiber based liners because of the potential for more closely matching the mechanical properties of steel. Pipe repaired with weld deposition failed at pressures lower than that of un-repaired pipe in both the virgin and damaged conditions, indicating that this repair technology is less effective at restoring the pressure containing capability of pipe than a carbon fiber-reinforced liner repair. Physical testing indicates that carbon fiber-reinforced liner repair is the most promising technology evaluated to-date. The first round of optimization and validation activities for carbon-fiber repairs are complete. Development of a comprehensive test plan for this process is recommended for use in the field trial portion of this program.« less

INTERNAL REPAIR OF PIPELINES

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Robin Gordon; Bill Bruce; Ian Harris

2004-08-17

The two broad categories of fiber-reinforced composite liner repair and deposited weld metal repair technologies were reviewed and evaluated for potential application for internal repair of gas transmission pipelines. Both are used to some extent for other applications and could be further developed for internal, local, structural repair of gas transmission pipelines. Principal conclusions from a survey of natural gas transmission industry pipeline operators can be summarized in terms of the following performance requirements for internal repair: (1) Use of internal repair is most attractive for river crossings, under other bodies of water, in difficult soil conditions, under highways, undermore » congested intersections, and under railway. (2) Internal pipe repair offers a strong potential advantage to the high cost of horizontal direct drilling when a new bore must be created to solve a leak or other problem. (3) Typical travel distances can be divided into three distinct groups: up to 305 m (1,000 ft.); between 305 m and 610 m (1,000 ft. and 2,000 ft.); and beyond 914 m (3,000 ft.). All three groups require pig-based systems. A despooled umbilical system would suffice for the first two groups which represents 81% of survey respondents. The third group would require an onboard self-contained power unit for propulsion and welding/liner repair energy needs. (4) The most common size range for 80% to 90% of operators surveyed is 508 mm (20 in.) to 762 mm (30 in.), with 95% using 558.8 mm (22 in.) pipe. Evaluation trials were conducted on pipe sections with simulated corrosion damage repaired with glass fiber-reinforced composite liners, carbon fiber-reinforced composite liners, and weld deposition. Additional un-repaired pipe sections were evaluated in the virgin condition and with simulated damage. Hydrostatic failure pressures for pipe sections repaired with glass fiber-reinforced composite liner were only marginally greater than that of pipe sections without liners, indicating that this type of liner is only marginally effective at restoring the pressure containing capabilities of pipelines. Failure pressures for larger diameter pipe repaired with a semi-circular patch of carbon fiber-reinforced composite lines were also marginally greater than that of a pipe section with un-repaired simulated damage without a liner. These results indicate that fiber reinforced composite liners have the potential to increase the burst pressure of pipe sections with external damage Carbon fiber based liners are viewed as more promising than glass fiber based liners because of the potential for more closely matching the mechanical properties of steel. Pipe repaired with weld deposition failed at pressures lower than that of un-repaired pipe in both the virgin and damaged conditions, indicating that this repair technology is less effective at restoring the pressure containing capability of pipe than a carbon fiber-reinforced liner repair. Physical testing indicates that carbon fiber-reinforced liner repair is the most promising technology evaluated to-date. Development of a comprehensive test plan for this process is recommended for use in the field trial portion of this program.« less

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... electrical plants, poles, and lines for the generation and distribution of electrical power, and for telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted...

36 CFR 14.70 - Statutory authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... electrical plants, poles, and lines for the generation and distribution of electrical power, and for telephone and telegraph purposes, and for pipe lines, canals, ditches, water plants, and other purposes to the extent of the ground occupied by such canals, ditches, water plants, or other works permitted...

46 CFR 154.519 - Piping relief valves.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Process Piping Systems § 154.519 Piping relief valves. (a) The liquid relief valve that protects the cargo piping system from liquid pressure exceeding the design pressure must discharge into: (1) A cargo tank; or (2) A cargo vent mast if that vent mast has a means for the detection and removal of the liquid...

46 CFR 154.519 - Piping relief valves.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Process Piping Systems § 154.519 Piping relief valves. (a) The liquid relief valve that protects the cargo piping system from liquid pressure exceeding the design pressure must discharge into: (1) A cargo tank; or (2) A cargo vent mast if that vent mast has a means for the detection and removal of the liquid...

46 CFR 154.519 - Piping relief valves.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Process Piping Systems § 154.519 Piping relief valves. (a) The liquid relief valve that protects the cargo piping system from liquid pressure exceeding the design pressure must discharge into: (1) A cargo tank; or (2) A cargo vent mast if that vent mast has a means for the detection and removal of the liquid...

46 CFR 154.519 - Piping relief valves.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Process Piping Systems § 154.519 Piping relief valves. (a) The liquid relief valve that protects the cargo piping system from liquid pressure exceeding the design pressure must discharge into: (1) A cargo tank; or (2) A cargo vent mast if that vent mast has a means for the detection and removal of the liquid...

Numerical and experimental investigation of strip deformation in cage roll forming process for pipes with low ratio of thickness/diameter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kasaei, M. M.; Naeini, H. Moslemi; Tehrani, M. Salmani; Tafti, R. Azizi

2011-01-01

Cage roll forming is one of the advanced methods of cold roll forming process which is used widely for producing ERW pipes. In addition to decreasing the production cost and time, using cage roll forming provides smooth deformation on the strip. Few studies can be found about cage roll forming because of its complexity, and the available knowledge is experience-based more than science-based. In this paper, deformation of pipes with low ratio of thickness/diameter is investigated by 3D finite element simulation in Marc-Mentat software. Edge buckling defect in cage roll forming of low ratio of thickness/diameter pipes is very important. Due to direct influence of longitudinal strain on the edge buckling phenomenon, longitudinal strains at the edge and center line of the strip are investigated and high risk stands are introduced. The deformed strip is predicted using the simulation results and effects of each cage forming stage on the deformed strip profile are specified. In order to verify the simulation results, strip width and opening distance of the two edges in different forming stages are obtained from the simulations and compared with the experimental data which were measured from the production line. A good agreement between the experimental and simulated results is observed.

Acoustic modes in fluid networks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Michalopoulos, C. D.; Clark, Robert W., Jr.; Doiron, Harold H.

1992-01-01

Pressure and flow rate eigenvalue problems for one-dimensional flow of a fluid in a network of pipes are derived from the familiar transmission line equations. These equations are linearized by assuming small velocity and pressure oscillations about mean flow conditions. It is shown that the flow rate eigenvalues are the same as the pressure eigenvalues and the relationship between line pressure modes and flow rate modes is established. A volume at the end of each branch is employed which allows any combination of boundary conditions, from open to closed, to be used. The Jacobi iterative method is used to compute undamped natural frequencies and associated pressure/flow modes. Several numerical examples are presented which include acoustic modes for the Helium Supply System of the Space Shuttle Orbiter Main Propulsion System. It should be noted that the method presented herein can be applied to any one-dimensional acoustic system involving an arbitrary number of branches.