Carbon black dispersion pre-plating technology for printed wire board manufacturing. Final technology evaluation report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Folsom, D.W.; Gavaskar, A.R.; Jones, J.A.

1993-10-01

The project compared chemical use, waste generation, cost, and product quality between electroless copper and carbon-black-based preplating technologies at the printed wire board (PWB) manufacturing facility of McCurdy Circuits in Orange, CA. The carbon-black based preplating technology evaluated is used as an alternative process for electroless copper (EC) plating of through-holes before electrolytic copper plating. The specific process used at McCurdy is the BlackHole (BH) technology process, which uses a dispersion of carbon black in an aqueous solution to provide a conductive surface for subsequent electrolytic copper plating. The carbon-black dispersion technology provided effective waste reduction and long-term cost savings.more » The economic analysis determined that the new process was cost efficient because chemical use was reduced and the process proved more efficient; the payback period was less than 4 yrs.« less

Archaeological Investigations at Site 45-DO-273, Chief Joseph Dam Project, Washington.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

CHOPPERS . .. ........................... 60 DRILLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 GRAVERS...6 Plate 3-1. Shaft abrader, hammerstones, netslnker, and chopper . . . . 50 Plate 3-2. Blfaces and scrapers .. .. .. .... ... .... . ... 58 Plate 3...sites as low as possible. * . The Project’s Investigations are documented In four report series. Reports describing archaeological reconnaissance and

Ion-plating of solar cell arrays encapsulation task: LSA project 32

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Volkers, J. C.

1983-01-01

An ion plating process by which solar cells can be metallized and AR coated, yielding efficiencies equal to or better than state-of-the-art cells, was developed. It was demonstrated that ion plated AR films may be used as an effective encapsulant, offering primary protection for the metallization. It was also shown that ion plated metallization and AR coatings can be consistent with the project cost goals.

LWH and ACH Helmet Hardware Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-30

stiffer and stronger than Kevlar panels, does not plastically deform (and therefore Figure 11. Typical ductile fracture surface resulting from a...striker from deflecting. The substrate is ¼ inch thick fiberglass plate supported on a base plate of 5083 aluminum alloy . Figure 13. Close ups of...project. We note that the impact damage to the top of the screw heads, is entirely plastic deformation of the slot and top of the head, and is clearly

LWH & ACH Helmet Hardware Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-11-30

stiffer and stronger than Kevlar panels, does not plastically deform (and therefore Figure 11. Typical ductile fracture surface resulting from a...striker from deflecting. The substrate is ¼ inch thick fiberglass plate supported on a base plate of 5083 aluminum alloy . Figure 13. Close ups of...project. We note that the impact damage to the top of the screw heads, is entirely plastic deformation of the slot and top of the head, and is clearly

Determining the Strength of an Electromagnet through Damped Oscillations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Michael; Leung, Chi Fan

2011-01-01

This article describes a project designed to extend sixth-form pupils looking to further their knowledge and skill base in physics. This project involves a quantitative analysis of the decaying amplitude of a metal plate oscillating in a strong magnetic field; the decay of the amplitude is used to make estimates of the strength of the magnetic…

Flat Plate Solar Array Project: Proceedings of the 20th Project Integration Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcdonald, R. R.

1982-01-01

Progress made by the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project during the period November 1981 to April 1982 is reported. Project analysis and integration, technology research in silicon material, large-area silicon sheet and environmental isolation, cell and module formation, engineering sciences, and module performance and failure analysis are covered.

Torsional rheometer for granular materials slurries and gas-solid mixtures and related methods

DOEpatents

Rajagopal, C.; Rajagopal, K.R.; Yalamanchili, R.C.

1997-03-11

A torsional rheometer apparatus for determining rheological properties of a specimen is provided. A stationary plate and a rotatable plate are in generally coaxial position and structured to receive a specimen there between. In one embodiment, at least one of the plates and preferably both have roughened specimen engaging surfaces to serve to reduce undesired slippage between the plate and the specimen. A motor is provided to rotate the rotatable plate and a transducer for monitoring forces applied to the stationary plate and generating output signals to a computer which determines the desired rheological properties are provided. In one embodiment, the roughened surfaces consist of projections extending toward the specimen. Where granular material is being evaluated, it is preferred that the roughness of the plate is generally equal to the average size of the granular material being processed. In another embodiment, an air-solid mixture is processed and the roughened portions are pore openings in the plates. Air flows through the region between the two pore containing plates to maintain the solid materials in suspension. In yet another embodiment, the base of the stationary plate is provided with a deformable capacitance sensor and associated electronic means. 17 figs.

Torsional rheometer for granular materials slurries and gas-solid mixtures and related methods

DOEpatents

Rajagopal, Chandrika; Rajagopal, Kumbakonam R.; Yalamanchili, Rattaya C.

1997-01-01

A torsional rheometer apparatus for determining rheological properties of a specimen is provided. A stationary plate and a rotatable plate are in generally coaxial position and structured to receive a specimen therebetween. In one embodiment, at least one of the plates and preferably both have roughened specimen engaging surfaces to serve to reduce undesired slippage between the plate and the specimen. A motor is provided to rotate the rotatable plate and a transducer for monitoring forces applied to the stationary plate and generating output signals to a computer which determines the desired rheological properties are provided. In one embodiment, the roughened surfaces consist of projections extending toward the specimen. Where granular material is being evaluated, it is preferred that the roughness of the plate is generally equal to the average size of the granular material being processed. In another embodiment, an air-solid mixture is processed and the roughened portions are pore openings in the plates. Air flows through the region between the two pore containing plates to maintain the solid materials in suspension. In yet another embodiment, the base of the stationary plate is provided with a deformable capacitance sensor and associated electronic means.

Carte du Ciel, San Fernando zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abad, C.

2014-06-01

An updated summary of a future large astrometric catalogue is presented, based on the two most important astrometric projects carried out by the Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada de San Fernando (ROA). The goal is to make a catalogue of positions and proper motions based on ROA's Cart du Ciel (CdC) and the Astrographic Catalogue (AC) San Fernando zone plates, and the HAMC2 meridian circle catalogue. The CdC and AC plates are being reduced together to provide first-epoch positions while HAMC2 will provide second-epoch ones. New techniques have been applied, that range from using a commercial flatbed scanner to the proper reduction schemes to avoid systematics from it. Only thirty plates (out of 540) remain to be processed, due to scanning problems that are being solved.

FON: From Start to Finish

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakuliak, L. K.; Andruk, V. M.; Golovnia, V. V.; Shatokhina, S. V.; Yizhakevych, O. M.; Ivanov, G. A.; Yatsenko, A. I.; Sergeeva, T. P.

Almost 40-year history of FON project ended with the creation of the whole northern sky catalog of objects down to B ≤ 16.5m. The idea of 4-fold overlapping of the northern sky with 6 wide-field astrographs has not been realized in full. For historical reasons it has been transformed into the 2-fold overlapping observational program of MAO NAS of Ukraine, resulted in three versions of the multimillion catalog of positions, proper motions, and B-magnitudes of stars. The first version of 1.2 million stars had been finished before the 2000s and is based on the AC object list. The measurements of plates were made by automatic measuring complex PARSEC, specially developed for massive photographic reviews. As the input list was limited by AC objects, the most part of stars on the FON plates remained unmeasured. Principles of workflow organization of such works formed the basis for the further development of the project using the latest IT-technologies. For the creation of the second and the third versions of the catalog, the list of objects was obtained as a result of total digitizing of plates and their image processing. The final third version contains 19.5 million stars and galaxies with the maximum possible for the photographic astrometry accuracy. The collection of plates, obtained in other observatories - participants of the project, are partially safe and can be used for the same astrometric tasks.

Astronomical Archive at Tartu Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Annuk, K.

2007-10-01

Archiving astronomical data is important task not only at large observatories but also at small observatories. Here we describe the astronomical archive at Tartu Observatory. The archive consists of old photographic plate images, photographic spectrograms, CCD direct--images and CCD spectroscopic data. The photographic plate digitizing project was started in 2005. An on-line database (based on MySQL) was created. The database includes CCD data as well photographic data. A PHP-MySQL interface was written for access to all data.

The interpretation of crustal dynamics data in terms of plate interactions and active tectonics of the Anatolian Plate and surrounding regions in the Middle East

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Toksoz, M. Nafi

1987-01-01

The long term objective of this project is to interpret NASA's Crustal Dynamics measurements (SLR) in the Eastern Mediterranean region in terms of relative plate motions and intraplate deformation. The approach is to combine realistic modeling studies with an analysis of available geophysical and geological observations to provide a framework for interpreting NASA's measurements. This semi-annual report concentrates on recent results regarding the tectonics of Anatolia and surrounding regions from ground based observations. Also briefly reported on is progress made in using GPS measurements to densify SLR observations in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Evaluation of finger plate and flat plate connection design.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

This project investigates the cause(s) of premature deterioration of MoDOT finger plate and flat plate expansion devices : under high traffic volumes and then uses that information to design new Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) : finger plate...

Viscoelastic deformation near active plate boundaries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ward, S. N.

1986-01-01

Model deformations near the active plate boundaries of Western North America using space-based geodetic measurements as constraints are discussed. The first six months of this project were spent gaining familarity with space-based measurements, accessing the Crustal Dynamics Data Information Computer, and building time independent deformation models. The initial goal was to see how well the simplest elastic models can reproduce very long base interferometry (VLBI) baseline data. From the Crustal Dynamics Data Information Service, a total of 18 VLBI baselines are available which have been surveyed on four or more occasions. These data were fed into weighted and unweighted inversions to obtain baseline closure rates. Four of the better quality lines are illustrated. The deformation model assumes that the observed baseline rates result from a combination of rigid plate tectonic motions plus a component resulting from elastic strain build up due to a failure of the plate boundary to slip at the full plate tectonic rate. The elastic deformation resulting from the locked plate boundary is meant to portray interseismic strain accumulation. During and shortly after a large interplate earthquake, these strains are largely released, and points near the fault which were previously retarded suddenly catch up to the positions predicted by rigid plate models. Researchers judge the quality of fit by the sum squares of weighted residuals, termed total variance. The observed baseline closures have a total variance of 99 (cm/y)squared. When the RM2 velocities are assumed to model the data, the total variance increases to 154 (cm/y)squared.

Plate coupling across the northern Manila subduction zone deduced from mantle lithosphere buoyancy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lo, Chung-Liang; Doo, Wen-Bin; Kuo-Chen, Hao; Hsu, Shu-Kun

2017-12-01

The Manila subduction zone is located at the plate boundary where the Philippine Sea plate (PSP) moves northwestward toward the Eurasian plate (EU) with a high convergence rate. However, historically, no large earthquakes greater than Mw7 have been observed across the northern Manila subduction zone. The poorly understood plate interaction between these two plates in this region creates significant issues for evaluating the seismic hazard. Therefore, the variation of mantle lithospheric buoyancy is calculated to evaluate the plate coupling status across the northern Manila subduction zone, based on recently published forward gravity modeling constrained by the results of the P-wave seismic crustal structure of the TAIGER (Taiwan Integrated Geodynamic Research) project. The results indicate weak plate coupling between the PSP and EU, which could be related to the release of the overriding PSP from the descending EU's dragging force, which was deduced from the higher elevation of the Luzon arc and the fore-arc basin northward toward the Taiwan orogen. Moreover, serpentinized peridotite is present above the plate boundary and is distributed more widely and thickly closer to offshore southern Taiwan orogen. We suggest that low plate coupling may facilitate the uplifting of serpentinized mantle material up to the plate boundary.

76 FR 2648 - Hand Trucks and Certain Parts Thereof From the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Results of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-14

... the vertical frame, the handling area and the projecting edges or toe plate, and any combination... edge or edges, or toe plate, perpendicular or angled to the vertical frame, at or near the lower section of the vertical frame. The projecting edge or edges, or toe plate, slides under a load for...

Flat-plate solar array progress and plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callaghan, W. T.; Henry, P. K.

1984-01-01

The Flat-Plate Solar Array Project (FSA), sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), has achieved progress in a broad range of technical activities since that reported at the Fourth European Communities Conference. A particularly important analysis has been completed recently which confirms the adoption into practice by the U.S. Photovoltaic (PV Industry, of all the low-cost module technology elements proposed at the 16th Project Integration Meeting for a $2.80/Wp (1980 U.S. Dollars) design approach in the fall of 1980. This work presents along with a projection, using the same techniques, for what is believed to be a very credible ribbon-based module design for less that $0.55/Wp (1980 U.S. Dollars). Other areas to be reported upon include low-cost Si feedstock refinement; ribbon growth; process sequence development for cells; environmental isolation; engineering science investigations; and module testing progress.

Guided Inquiry Learning With Sea Water Battery Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mashudi, A.

2017-02-01

Science learning process is expected to produce valuable product, innovative and real learning environment, and provide memorable learning experience. That orientation can be contained in Inquiry Based Learning. SMP N 4 Juwana is located close to the beach. That’s why, Sea Water Battery Project is very suitable to be applied in learning activity as an effort to fulfill the renewable energy based on local wisdom. This study aims to increase interest, activity and achievement of students. Learning implementation stage, namely : Constructing Sea Water Battery project, observation, group presentations, and feedback. Sea Water Battery is renewable energy battery from materials easily found around the learner. The materials used are copper plate as the anode, zinc plate as the cathode and sea water as the electrolyte. Average score of students Interest on the first cycle 76, while on the second cycle 85. Average score of students Activity on the first cycle 76 and on the second cycle 86. Average score of students achievement on the first cycle 75, while on the second cycle 84. This learning process gave nurturant effect for students to keep innovating and construct engineering technology for the future.

Novel Structured Metal Bipolar Plates for Low Cost Manufacturing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, Conghua

2013-08-15

Bipolar plates are an important component in fuel cell stacks and accounts for more than 75% of stack weight and volume, and 20% of the stack cost. The technology development of metal bipolar plates can effectively reduce the fuel cells stack weight and volume over 50%. The challenge is to protect metal plate from corrosion at low cost for the broad commercial applications. While most of today’s PEM fuel cell metallic bipolar plate technologies use some precious metal, the focus of this SBIR project is to develop a low cost, novel nano-structured metal bipolar plate technology without using any preciousmore » metal. The technology will meet the performance and cost requirements for automobile applications. Through the Phase I project, TreadStone has identified the corrosion resistant and electrically conductive titanium oxide for the metal bipolar plate surface protection for automotive PEM fuel cell applications. TreadStone has overcome the manufacturing issues to apply the coating on metal substrate surface, and has demonstrated the feasibility of the coated stainless steel plates by ex-situ evaluation tests and the in-situ fuel cell long term durability test. The test results show the feasibility of the proposed nano-structured coating as the low cost metal bipolar plates of PEM fuel cells. The plan for further technology optimization is also outlined for the Phase II project.« less

Dual resolution, vacuum compatible optical mount

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Halpin, John Michael

2011-10-04

An optical mount for an optical element includes a mounting plate, a lever arm pivot coupled to mounting plate, and an adjustment plate. The optical mount also includes a flexure pivot mechanically coupling the adjustment plate to the mounting plate and a lever arm. The optical mount further includes a first adjustment device extending from the adjustment plate to make contact with the lever arm at a first contact point. A projection of a line from the first contact point to a pivot point, measured along the lever arm, is a first predetermined distance. The optical mount additionally includes amore » second adjustment device extending from the adjustment plate to make contact with the lever arm at a second contact point. A projection of a line from the second contact point to the pivot point, measured along the lever arm, is a second predetermined distance greater than the first predetermined distance.« less

Floor plate chemoattracts crossed axons and chemorepels uncrossed axons in the vertebrate brain.

PubMed

Tamada, A; Shirasaki, R; Murakami, F

1995-05-01

In the bilaterally symmetrical vertebrate CNS, all developing axons must choose between remaining on the same side of the midline or growing across it. The mechanism underlying this axonal pathfinding is, however, poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the ventral midline floor plate (FP) chemorepels two types of ipsilaterally projecting axons, one from the alar plate and another from the basal plate in the mesencephalon. We further demonstrate that the FP chemoattracts contralaterally projecting myelencephalic as well as metencephalic axons. The FP at all axial levels displayed both chemoattractive and chemorepellent activities, suggesting that FP chemoattraction and chemorepulsion may be at work throughout the neuraxis. Chemotropic guidance by the FP may therefore play a key role in the establishment of neuronal projection laterality.

Sensitivity analysis of the add-on price estimate for the silicon web growth process

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mokashi, A. R.

1981-01-01

The web growth process, a silicon-sheet technology option, developed for the flat plate solar array (FSA) project, was examined. Base case data for the technical and cost parameters for the technical and commercial readiness phase of the FSA project are projected. The process add on price, using the base case data for cost parameters such as equipment, space, direct labor, materials and utilities, and the production parameters such as growth rate and run length, using a computer program developed specifically to do the sensitivity analysis with improved price estimation are analyzed. Silicon price, sheet thickness and cell efficiency are also discussed.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 6: Engineering sciences and reliability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, R. G., Jr.; Smokler, M. I.

1986-01-01

The Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project activities directed at developing the engineering technology base required to achieve modules that meet the functional, safety, and reliability requirements of large scale terrestrial photovoltaic systems applications are reported. These activities included: (1) development of functional, safety, and reliability requirements for such applications; (2) development of the engineering analytical approaches, test techniques, and design solutions required to meet the requirements; (3) synthesis and procurement of candidate designs for test and evaluation; and (4) performance of extensive testing, evaluation, and failure analysis of define design shortfalls and, thus, areas requiring additional research and development. A summary of the approach and technical outcome of these activities are provided along with a complete bibliography of the published documentation covering the detailed accomplishments and technologies developed.

Implementation of straight and curved steel girder erection design tools construction : summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-05

Project 0-5574 Curved Plate Girder Design for Safe and Economical Construction, resulted in the : development of two design tools, UT Lift and UT Bridge. UT Lift is a spreadsheet-based program for analyzing : steel girders during lifting while ...

Hexavalent Chrome Free Coatings for Electronics Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding Effectiveness (SE) Interim Test Report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kessel, Kurt R.

2015-01-01

Test specimen configuration was provided by Parker Chomerics. The EMI gasket used in this project was Cho-Seal 6503E. Black oxide alloy steel socket head bolts were used to hold the plates together. Non-conductive spacers were used to control the amount of compression on the gaskets. The following test fixture specifications were provided by Parker Chomerics. The CHO-TP09 test plate sets selected for this project consist of two aluminum plates manufactured to the specifications detailed in CHO­-TP09. The first plate, referred to as the test frame, is illustrated in Figure 1. The test frame is designed with a cutout in the center and two alternating bolt patterns. One pattern is used to bolt the test frame to the corresponding test cover plate (Figure 2), forming a test plate set. The second pattern accepts the hardware used to mount the fully assembled test plate set to the main adapter plate (Figure 3).

The interpretation of crustal dynamics data in terms of plate interactions and active tectonics of the Anatolian Plate and surrounding regions in the Middle East

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Toksoz, M. Nafi

1988-01-01

The long-term objective of this project is to interpret NASA's Crustal Dynamics measurements (SLR) in the Eastern Mediterranean region in terms of relative plate movements and intraplate deformation. The approach is to combine realistic modeling studies with analysis of available geophysical and geological observations to provide a framework for interpreting NASA's measurements. This semi-annual report concentrates on recent results regarding the tectonics of Anatolia and surrounding regions from ground based observations. Also reported on briefly is progress in the use of the Global Positioning System to densify SLR observations in the Eastern Mediterranean. Reference is made to the previous annual report for a discussion of modeling results.

Evaluating the methodology and performance of jetting and flooding of granular backfill materials.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-11-01

Compaction of backfill in confined spaces on highway projects is often performed with small vibratory plates, based : solely on the experience of the contractor, leading to inadequate compaction. As a result, the backfill is prone to : erosion and of...

46 CFR 160.042-3 - Construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... (a) The trackways of the skids shall be constructed of 6″×31/2″×1/2″ structural angles, or of... project over the side of the vessel. (b) The lower end of the life raft shall be supported by a base plate...

Full-field x-ray nano-imaging at SSRF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deng, Biao; Ren, Yuqi; Wang, Yudan; Du, Guohao; Xie, Honglan; Xiao, Tiqiao

2013-09-01

Full field X-ray nano-imaging focusing on material science is under developing at SSRF. A dedicated full field X-ray nano-imaging beamline based on bending magnet will be built in the SSRF phase-II project. The beamline aims at the 3D imaging of the nano-scale inner structures. The photon energy range is of 5-14keV. The design goals with the field of view (FOV) of 20μm and a spatial resolution of 20nm are proposed at 8 keV, taking a Fresnel zone plate (FZP) with outermost zone width of 25 nm. Futhermore, an X-ray nano-imaging microscope is under developing at the SSRF BL13W beamline, in which a larger FOV will be emphasized. This microscope is based on a beam shaper and a zone plate using both absorption contrast and Zernike phase contrast, with the optimized energy set to 10keV. The detailed design and the progress of the project will be introduced.

Proceedings of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project Research Forum on Photovoltaic Metallization Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

A photovoltaic Metallization Research forum, under the sponsorship of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project consisted of five sessions, covering: (1) the current status of metallization systems, (2) system design, (3) thick-film metallization, (4) advanced techniques, and (5) future metallization challenges.

Fabrication of DIRC radiator bars and plates at InSync, Inc.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tonnessen, T. W.

2017-12-01

Fabrication of quality radiator bars and plates is paramount to a successful DIRC project. This write up discusses the trials and tribulations of the manufacture of ~600 bars for the BaBar DIRC project and discusses the history and current capabilities of InSync, Inc.

Segmented Subduction Across the Juan De Fuca Plate: Challenges in Imaging with an Amphibious Array

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hawley, W. B.; Allen, R. M.

2014-12-01

The Cascadia Initiative (CI) is an amphibious array spanning the Juan de Fuca plate from formation at the ridge to the destruction of the slab in the mantle beneath western North America. This ambitions project has occupied over 300 onshore and offshore sites, providing an unprecedented opportunity to understand the dynamics of oceanic plates. The CI project is now in its fourth and final year of deployment. Here we present constraints on the structure of the Juan de Fuca plate and its interaction with western North America. We identify segmentation along the Cascadia subduction zone that can be traced back onto the Juan de Fuca plate prior to subduction. These results give insight into the life cycle of oceanic plates, from their creation at a mid-ocean ridge to their subduction and subsequent recycling into the mantle.

Method of manufacturing battery plate groups

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Marui, T.; Uwani, T.

A method is described of manufacturing battery plate groups which comprises (a) providing a pliable, smooth, continuous glass fiber mat which has a predetermined thickness, (b) providing a pair of plastic rotors which are aligned in parallel, the rotors including circumferential surfaces and equal numbers of projections extending outwardly from their circumferential surfaces a distance of between 0.7 mm and 2mm, (c) spacing the rotors apart such that a clearance is provided between the projections on one rotor and the circumferential surface of the other rotor which is between 1/3 and 1/2 the predetermined thickness of the glass fiber mat,more » (d) rotating both the rotors such that the projections from one rotor are displaced by half a pitch from the projections from the other rotor, (e) passing the glass fiber mat between the rotors such that the projections thereon form alternately-directed folding habits therein at regular intervals along its length and to provide interconnected separator portions which are aligned in an accordion-like fashion, (f) providing an alternating series of positive and negative battery plates on only one side of the interconnected separator portions, and (g) sequentially inserting the positive and negative battery plates between adjacent separator portions.« less

Failure of composite plates under static biaxial planar loading

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Waas, Anthony M.; Khamseh, Amir R.

1992-01-01

The project involved detailed investigations into the failure mechanisms in composite plates as a function of hole size (holes centrally located in the plates) under static loading. There were two phases to the project, the first dealing with uniaxial loads along the fiber direction, and the second dealing with coplanar biaxial loading. Results for the uniaxial tests have been reported and published previously, thus this report will place emphasis on the second phase of the project, namely the biaxial tests. The composite plates used in the biaxial loading experiments, as well as the uniaxial, were composed of a single ply unidirectional graphite/epoxy prepreg sandwiched between two layers of transparent thermoplastic. This setup enabled us to examine the failure initiation and propagation modes nondestructively, during the test. Currently, similar tests and analysis of results are in progress for graphite/epoxy cruciform shaped flat laminates. The results obtained from these tests will be available at a later time.

Digitization and reduction of old astronomical plates of natural satellites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, D.; Qiao, R. C.; Dourneau, G.; Yu, Y.; Zhang, H. Y.; Cheng, X.; Xi, X. J.

2016-04-01

Old astrophotographic plates are precious sources of historical data for astronomical studies, especially regarding the improvement of natural satellite orbits. Today, with the advent of new, accurate techniques, these old data can be re-processed so as to give positions that are much more accurate than those initially obtained. Various recent projects, including our Chinese project, have involved measuring and reducing these old plates again. Here we present a method for measurement and reduction that involves the digitization of plates using an advanced commercial scanner, namely the EPSON 10000 XL. We selected a set of 27 plates of the satellites of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus taken from 1987 to 1990. A total of 125 satellite positions were derived from the new measurement and reduction of these plates using the UCAC4 catalogue. A comparison of the new observed positions with recent ephemerides has shown a general consistency with satellite theory of about 100 mas. The new positions present an accuracy equivalent to the most recent CCD observations, and better than the original positions. Moreover, nearly 30 per cent of the 125 positions obtained in this work are published for the first time here. This paper is a preliminary contribution to the larger project of new measurements and reductions of all the old Chinese plates of natural satellites, which should allow further improvements in the knowledge of the orbits of these satellites.

Variational Formulation and Finite Element Implementation of Pagano’s Theory of Laminated Plates

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-07-12

ORGANIZATION (N Wmkabl,) Contract No. F33615-85-C-3213 Sc. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT...PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER (S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER (S) RF Project 764779/717297 WL-TR-91-3016 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING...Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433- 6553 Ba. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b. OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

Search for Variables in the Kepler Field on DASCH Plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Sumin; Grindlay, J.; Los, E.; Servillat, M.

2011-01-01

The Digital Access to a Sky Century @ Harvard (DASCH) is a project to digitize the half a million glass photographic plates over the period 1880s-1980s. This 100 year coverage is a unique resource for studying temporal variations in the universe. Here we present our variable search algorithms and variable catalog in the Kepler fields based on 3000 scanned plates. We use the KIC spectral classifications to search for long-term variability of any main sequence stars, particularly M dwarfs. We apply a variability search technique developed for DASCH and set limits on the fraction of main sequence stars, by spectral type, which show detectable (>0.2mag) variability on timescales 10-100y. Such limits are of particular interest for M dwarfs given the recent discoveries of their planet systems.

Quick-Change Anode for Plating

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beasley, J. L.

1987-01-01

Proposed fastener for attaching electroplating anode improves quality of plating and increases productivity. Notches in twist-lock fastener mates with projections on end of anode bar. Fastener made of titanium for compatibility with copper-plating solution. Also constructed in snap-on, snap-off configuration.

NEPTUNE: an under-sea plate scale observatory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beauchamp, P. M.; Heath, G. R.; Maffei, A.; Chave, A.; Howe, B.; Wilcock, W.; Delaney, J.; Kirkham, H.

2002-01-01

The NEPTUNE project will establish a linked array of undersea observatories on the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate. This observatory will provide a new kind of research platform for real-time, long-term, plate-scale studies in the ocean and Earth sciences.

Ultra-High-Performance Concrete And Advanced Manufacturing Methods For Modular Construction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sawab, Jamshaid; Lim, Ing; Mo, Yi-Lung

Small modular reactors (SMR) allow for less onsite construction, increase nuclear material security, and provide a flexible and cost-effective energy alternative. SMR can be factory-built as modular components, and shipped to desired locations for fast assembly. This project successfully developed a new class of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), which features a compressive strength greater than 22 ksi (150 MPa) without special treatment and self-consolidating characteristics desired for SMR modular construction. With an ultra-high strength and dense microstructure, it will facilitate rapid construction of steel plate-concrete (SC) beams and walls with thinner and lighter modules, and can withstand harsh environments andmore » mechanical loads anticipated during the service life of nuclear power plants. In addition, the self-consolidating characteristics are crucial for the fast construction and assembly of SC modules with reduced labor costs and improved quality. Following the UHPC material development, the capacity of producing self-consolidating UHPC in mass quantities was investigated and compared to accepted self-consolidating concrete standards. With slightly adjusted mixing procedure using large-scale gravity-based mixers (compared with small-scale force-based mixer), the self-consolidating UHPC has been successfully processed at six cubic yards; the product met both minimum compressive strength requirements and self-consolidating concrete standards. Steel plate-UHPC beams (15 ft. long, 12 in. wide and 16 in. deep) and wall panels (40 in. X 40 in. X 3 in.) were then constructed using the self-consolidating UHPC without any external vibration. Quality control guidelines for producing UHPC in large scale were developed. When the concrete is replaced by UHPC in a steel plate concrete (SC) beam, it is critical to evaluate its structural behavior with both flexure and shear-governed failure modes. In recent years, SC has been widely used for buildings and nuclear containment structures to resist lateral forces induced by severe earthquakes and heavy winds. SC modules have good potential for SMR because of their cost-effectiveness and reduced construction time. However, the minimum shear reinforcement (i.e. cross tie) ratio needs to be determined for the steel plate-UHPC (S-UHPC) beams to exhibit a ductile failure mode. In this project, S-UHPC beams were designed and constructed. The beams were tested to evaluate structural capacity and identify the minimum cross ties ratios. In addition, as the bond between UHPC and steel plate is essential for ensuring structural integrity under shear and flexure, it was measured and examined in this project through digital image correlation system and smart piezoelectric aggregate sensors. Large-scale testing and finite element simulation were also performed on S-UHPC wall panels. New bond slip-based constitutive models of steel plate were developed for S-UHPC, which were used in finite element analysis program to predict S-UHPC behavior under shear. The results were well validated through experimental data. The long-term durability of UHPC were established in this project. UHPC specimens were tested under free shrinkage, restrained shrinkage, elevated temperature, water permeation, chloride diffusion, corrosion, and alkali silica reaction. UHPC has demonstrated significantly improved durability compared with control concrete specimens. This research led to a new generation of steel plate-UHPC modules for SMR that can provide large benefits to the electric power industry. Taking advantage of the high strength and durability of UHPC, their modularity and ease of assembly can address the high cost barriers of typical nuclear power plants.« less

Relative potentials of concentrating and two-axis tracking flat-plate photovoltaic arrays for central-station applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Borden, C. S.; Schwartz, D. L.

1984-01-01

The purpose of this study is to assess the relative economic potentials of concenrating and two-axis tracking flat-plate photovoltaic arrays for central-station applications in the mid-1990's. Specific objectives of this study are to provide information on concentrator photovoltaic collector probabilistic price and efficiency levels to illustrate critical areas of R&D for concentrator cells and collectors, and to compare concentrator and flat-plate PV price and efficiency alternatives for several locations, based on their implied costs of energy. To deal with the uncertainties surrounding research and development activities in general, a probabilistic assessment of commercially achievable concentrator photovoltaic collector efficiencies and prices (at the factory loading dock) is performed. The results of this projection of concentrator photovoltaic technology are then compared with a previous flat-plate module price analysis (performed early in 1983). To focus this analysis on specific collector alternatives and their implied energy costs for different locations, similar two-axis tracking designs are assumed for both concentrator and flat-plate options.

View of "iron horse" a machine capable of simulating ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

View of "iron horse" - a machine capable of simulating the shape of a hull at any given area in a 1/10 scale. Specific points are identified from 1/10 scale drawings of the ship's body plan. Plastic splines are configured to the body plat at several stations. Points are positioned to specific locations from the body plan over the splines with sufficient gap to insert a piece of electrically conductive paper. The paper is inserted between the points and the splines and forms a section of hull plating at 1/10 scale. An electric current is applied to each point and burns a mark on the paper. The paper is then removed, flattened and now represents a section of hull plating. Using precise photography, the section is projected (as a glass slide) on to a piece of hull plating which may be up to 300 feet long and 8 feet wide. Marks are traced on the plate, which serve as a guide to the cutters who trim the plate to final dimensions. - Naval Base Philadelphia-Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, Structural Assembly Shop, League Island, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

OPERATION SUNBEAM, SHOT SMALL BOY. Project Officer’s Report - Project 2.2, Measurement of Fast-Neutron Dose Rate as a Function of Time

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

Calibration 44 3.1.3 The SPIDER Calibration 45 3.1.*» Thermistor Temperature Detector Calibration. . 45 3.2 Amplifier Calibration 45 3.2.1...of a material with high conductivity and preferably high permeability. For the bunker construction, welded one-inch soft-steel plates were chosen for...Kovar flanges (metal- to-ceramic seal). The external plates are hel1arc- welded to the flanges. The external plate facing away from the incoming

Reduced Plating Ignitron

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Polzin, Kurt A (Inventor); Pearson, J Boise (Inventor)

2014-01-01

An ignitron apparatus has an airtight tubular housing having a first sealed end and a second sealed end. An anode is connected at the first sealed end, projecting into the housing, and a recess at the second sealed and forms a well which contains a quantity of liquid gallium or gallium alloy making up the cathode. An ignitor projects through the liquid metal and into the housing. The inner surface of the housing includes at least one plating-reduction structure to prevent electrical shorting of the apparatus caused by plating of the liquid metal.

Catalogue of Coordinates and B-Magnitudes in -20° - +2° Zone Based on the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute Part of the Fon Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuldoshev, Q. X.; Muminov, M. M.; Ehgamberdiev, Sh. A.; Relke, H.; Protsyuk, Yu. I.; Kovylianska, O. E.; Protsyuk, S. V.; Andruk, V. M.

Catalogue of 13.4 million stars down to 17.5m was obtained in 2017 by using plates from the Kitab Observatory of Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI) of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences. Kitab's part of Photographic Sky Survey (Russian abbreviation is FON, in next contexts) project include more than 2600 photographic plates, exposed on the Double Astrograph of Zeiss (DAZ, D/F = 40/300, 69"/mm) from 1981 to 1996. Digitization of these plates was made by using Epson Expression 10000XL scanner with the 1200 dpi resolution. Catalogue includes objects from the 1963 plates in declination zone between -20° and +2° for middle epoch 1984.97. The equatorial coordinates of objects were determined in the Tycho-2 reference system and the B-magnitudes in the system of the photoelectric standards. Five participants from Uzbekistan, Germany and Ukraine have taken part in the processing of the digitized images. The average internal accuracy of the catalogue for one observation are 0.23″ and 0.15m for the equatorial coordinates and B-magnitudes respectively. For the stars brighter than 14m the errors are 0.09″ and 0.05m respectively. The analysis of the catalogue and its comparison with the several astrometric catalogues was done.

Manufacturing Methods and Technology Project Summary Reports

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-06-01

was selected as the composite material. This selection was based upon the following advantages in comparison to aluminum: 0 Stiffness to weight...closer to titanium than aluminum. Other composite candidate materials considered ( glass , Kevlar and metal matrix) did not offer all of these...of the bearing support ring, and the attachment of the bearing support ring to the composite gimbal base plate. A thermal test structure, which

Report on the completion of the procurement of the first heat of Alloy 709

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Natesan, K.; Zhang, X.; Sham, T. -L.

2017-01-01

This report provides details on the completion of the procurement of the first commercial-sized heat of Alloy 709. The report is a Level 3 deliverable in FY17 (M3AT- 17OR1602053), under the Work Package AT-17OR160205, “Advanced Alloy Development” performed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, as part of Advanced Structural Materials Program for the Advanced Reactor Technologies (ART). This work project supports the fabrication scale up effort for Alloy 709 that was started in FY16. The effort culminated in the placement of a Purchase Order in August 2016 with a commercial vendor to melt an Alloy 709 heat using industrial melt practice.more » Four ingots, totaling about 45,000 lb, had been bottom-poured from the melt in September 2016. Two of the ingots were hot rolled into 1.2”x60”x155” and 1.1”x60”x100” plates using standard hot rolling process in FY17. Some small test pieces were cut from the asrolled plates and sent to Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for archival. The plates were then heat treated and surface pickled by the vendor. The plates were subsequently delivered to ANL and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Properties and microstructure screening were performed on these plates upon delivery in February 2017 at ANL. Several samples were cut from the as-rolled and heattreated plates and were analyzed for their microstructures, hardness values, grain sizes, and room temperature tensile properties. The results indicate that the scaled-up heat of Alloy 709 fabricated using commercial practice exhibit tensile properties that exceed the minimum values specified in the ASME Code Case for commercial heat of NF709. These plates will be used to support base metal testing for the 650°C, 100,000-h Alloy 709 Code Case development, for fabrication of weldments, and for the NEUP projects.« less

"Discovering Plate Boundaries in Data-Rich Environments": Supporting Pre-service Teachers involvement in Unique Practices of Geosciences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrie, A. S.; Moore, J.

2012-12-01

Plate tectonics is one of the core scientific concepts in both the NRC K-12 standards documents (#ESS2.B) and College Board Standards for Science (#ES.1.3). These documents also mention the scientific practices expected to improve as students are learning plate tectonics: interpreting data based on their observations of maps and argumentation around the evidence based on data. Research on students' understanding of maps emphasizes the difficulty of reading maps in science classrooms.We are conducting an ethnographic case study of the process of learning and teaching by novice teachers in the middle school science major at a mid-Atlantic University. The participants of the study are third-year majors (in the middle school science program and middle students at a suburban middle school. The study uses the data from four different fields (geography, geochronology, volcanology and seismology) to help involve preservice teachers in the practices of geosciences.The data for the study includes video and audio records of novice teachers' learning and teaching processes as well as teachers' reflections about their learning and on teaching Plate Tectonics by using real data. The video and audio data will be compiled and synthesized into event maps and transcripts, which are necessary for sociolinguistic analysis. Event maps provide an overall view of the events and are used to map the learning and teaching events into timely sequences and phases based on the subtopics and types of educational activities. Transcripts cover in detail the discussion and activity observed at each phase of the learning and teaching events. After compilation, event maps and transcripts will be analyzed by using Discourse analysis with an ethnographic perspective in order to identify novice teachers' challenges and the improvement they want to make on their teaching and assessment artifacts. The preliminary findings of the project identified challenges faced by novice teachers learning and teaching plate tectonics using key scientific practices. As a result of the educational activities developed in this project, we will try help teachers to overcome their challenges and develop the pedagogical skills that novice teachers need to use to teach plate tectonics by focusing on key scientific practices with the help of previously-developed educational resources. Learning about the processes that occur at plate boundaries will help future teachers (and their students) understand natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanoes. Furthermore, the study will have a significant, and broader, impact by 'teaching the teachers' and empowering novice teachers to overcome the challenges of reading maps and using argumentation in science classrooms.

Virtual Tool Mark Generation for Efficient Striation Analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ekstrand, Laura; Zhang, Song; Grieve, Taylor

2014-02-16

This study introduces a tool mark analysis approach based upon 3D scans of screwdriver tip and marked plate surfaces at the micrometer scale from an optical microscope. An open-source 3D graphics software package is utilized to simulate the marking process as the projection of the tip's geometry in the direction of tool travel. The edge of this projection becomes a virtual tool mark that is compared to cross-sections of the marked plate geometry using the statistical likelihood algorithm introduced by Chumbley et al. In a study with both sides of six screwdriver tips and 34 corresponding marks, the method distinguishedmore » known matches from known nonmatches with zero false-positive matches and two false-negative matches. For matches, it could predict the correct marking angle within ±5–10°. Individual comparisons could be made in seconds on a desktop computer, suggesting that the method could save time for examiners.« less

Data Access and Web Services at the EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matykiewicz, J.; Anderson, G.; Henderson, D.; Hodgkinson, K.; Hoyt, B.; Lee, E.; Persson, E.; Torrez, D.; Smith, J.; Wright, J.; Jackson, M.

2007-12-01

The EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) at UNAVCO, Inc., part of the NSF-funded EarthScope project, is designed to study the three-dimensional strain field resulting from deformation across the active boundary zone between the Pacific and North American plates in the western United States. To meet these goals, PBO will install 880 continuous GPS stations, 103 borehole strainmeter stations, and five laser strainmeters, as well as manage data for 209 previously existing continuous GPS stations and one previously existing laser strainmeter. UNAVCO provides access to data products from these stations, as well as general information about the PBO project, via the PBO web site (http://pboweb.unavco.org). GPS and strainmeter data products can be found using a variety of access methods, incuding map searches, text searches, and station specific data retrieval. In addition, the PBO construction status is available via multiple mapping interfaces, including custom web based map widgets and Google Earth. Additional construction details can be accessed from PBO operational pages and station specific home pages. The current state of health for the PBO network is available with the statistical snap-shot, full map interfaces, tabular web based reports, and automatic data mining and alerts. UNAVCO is currently working to enhance the community access to this information by developing a web service framework for the discovery of data products, interfacing with operational engineers, and exposing data services to third party participants. In addition, UNAVCO, through the PBO project, provides advanced data management and monitoring systems for use by the community in operating geodetic networks in the United States and beyond. We will demonstrate these systems during the AGU meeting, and we welcome inquiries from the community at any time.

The Plate Boundary Observatory: Community Focused Web Services

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matykiewicz, J.; Anderson, G.; Lee, E.; Hoyt, B.; Hodgkinson, K.; Persson, E.; Wright, J.; Torrez, D.; Jackson, M.

2006-12-01

The Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), part of the NSF-funded EarthScope project, is designed to study the three-dimensional strain field resulting from deformation across the active boundary zone between the Pacific and North American plates in the western United States. To meet these goals, PBO will install 852 continuous GPS stations, 103 borehole strainmeter stations, 28 tiltmeters, and five laser strainmeters, as well as manage data for 209 previously existing continuous GPS stations. UNAVCO provides access to data products from these stations, as well as general information about the PBO project, via the PBO web site (http://pboweb.unavco.org). GPS and strainmeter data products can be found using a variety of channels, including map searches, text searches, and station specific data retrieval. In addition, the PBO construction status is available via multiple mapping interfaces, including custom web based map widgets and Google Earth. Additional construction details can be accessed from PBO operational pages and station specific home pages. The current state of health for the PBO network is available with the statistical snap-shot, full map interfaces, tabular web based reports, and automatic data mining and alerts. UNAVCO is currently working to enhance the community access to this information by developing a web service framework for the discovery of data products, interfacing with operational engineers, and exposing data services to third party participants. In addition, UNAVCO, through the PBO project, provides advanced data management and monitoring systems for use by the community in operating geodetic networks in the United States and beyond. We will demonstrate these systems during the AGU meeting, and we welcome inquiries from the community at any time.

The Equatorial Coordinates and B-Magnitudes of the Stars in the Southern Hemisphere Zones Based on the Digitized Astronegatives of FON Project at the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yuldoshev, Q. X.; Muminov, M. M.; Ehgamberdiev, Sh. A.; Usmanov, O. U.; Relke, H.; Protsyuk, Yu. I.; Kovylianska, O. E.; Protsyuk, S. V.; Andruk, V. N.

FON (Russian abbreviation of the Photographic Sky Survey) were carried out at 6 observatories. The Kitab Observatory (KO) of Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI) of the Uzbek Academy of Sciences (UzAS) was involved in this project from 1981 to 1996. For the observations the Double Astrograph of Zeiss (DAZ, D/F = 40/300, 69"/mm) was used. On the FON project about 2600 photographic plates were exposed. In October, 2015 digitization of these astroplates were started using EPSON Expression 10000XL flatbed scanner with the spatial resolution of 1200 dpi and completed in June, 2016. The first stage of the work is the processing of the 2000 photographic plates in zones of the southern hemisphere with the declination between 0 and -20 degrees. The 1704 plates have already been processed. The equatorial coordinates α, δ of stars and galaxies were determined in the system of the Tycho2 catalogue and the Bmagnitudes in the system of the photoelectric standards. UBAI UzAS, Tashkent (Uzbekistan), ASU, Andijan (Uzbekistan), WHO, Essen (Germany), RI NAO, Nikolaev (Ukraine), MAO NASU, Kyiv (Ukraine) have taken part in the processing of the digitized images. For the data reduction the MIDAS package and software, developed in the MAO NASU were used. Based on the results of the processing of the astronegatives in the sectors of right ascension from 0 hours to 24 hours and declination from - 20° to 0° the internal errors of the catalogue were estimated. The errors calculated for all stars are 0.17" and 0.18m respectively. For the stars brighter than 14 magnitude the errors are 0.08" and 0.07m for the equatorial coordinates and B-magnitudes respectively.

Introduction to TETHYS—an interdisciplinary GIS database for studying continental collisions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khan, S. D.; Flower, M. F. J.; Sultan, M. I.; Sandvol, E.

2006-05-01

The TETHYS GIS database is being developed as a way to integrate relevant geologic, geophysical, geochemical, geochronologic, and remote sensing data bearing on Tethyan continental plate collisions. The project is predicated on a need for actualistic model 'templates' for interpreting the Earth's geologic record. Because of their time-transgressive character, Tethyan collisions offer 'actualistic' models for features such as continental 'escape', collision-induced upper mantle flow magmatism, and marginal basin opening, associated with modern convergent plate margins. Large integrated geochemical and geophysical databases allow for such models to be tested against the geologic record, leading to a better understanding of continental accretion throughout Earth history. The TETHYS database combines digital topographic and geologic information, remote sensing images, sample-based geochemical, geochronologic, and isotopic data (for pre- and post-collision igneous activity), and data for seismic tomography, shear-wave splitting, space geodesy, and information for plate tectonic reconstructions. Here, we report progress on developing such a database and the tools for manipulating and visualizing integrated 2-, 3-, and 4-d data sets with examples of research applications in progress. Based on an Oracle database system, linked with ArcIMS via ArcSDE, the TETHYS project is an evolving resource for researchers, educators, and others interested in studying the role of plate collisions in the process of continental accretion, and will be accessible as a node of the national Geosciences Cyberinfrastructure Network—GEON via the World-Wide Web and ultra-high speed internet2. Interim partial access to the data and metadata is available at: http://geoinfo.geosc.uh.edu/Tethys/ and http://www.esrs.wmich.edu/tethys.htm. We demonstrate the utility of the TETHYS database in building a framework for lithospheric interactions in continental collision and accretion.

Swelling of U-7Mo/Al-Si dispersion fuel plates under irradiation - Non-destructive analysis of the AFIP-1 fuel plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wachs, D. M.; Robinson, A. B.; Rice, F. J.; Kraft, N. C.; Taylor, S. C.; Lillo, M.; Woolstenhulme, N.; Roth, G. A.

2016-08-01

Extensive fuel-matrix interactions leading to plate pillowing have proven to be a significant impediment to the development of a suitable high density low-enriched uranium molybdenum alloy (U-Mo) based dispersion fuel for high power applications in research reactors. The addition of silicon to the aluminum matrix was previously demonstrated to reduce interaction layer growth in mini-plate experiments. The AFIP-1 project involved the irradiation, in-canal examination, and post-irradiation examination of two fuel plates. The irradiation of two distinct full size, flat fuel plates (one using an Al-2wt%Si matrix and the other an Al-4043 (∼4.8 wt% Si) matrix) was performed in the INL ATR reactor in 2008-2009. The irradiation conditions were: ∼250 W/cm2 peak Beginning Of Life (BOL) power, with a ∼3.5e21 f/cm3 peak burnup. The plates were successfully irradiated and did not show any pillowing at the end of the irradiation. This paper reports the results and interpretation of the in-canal and post-irradiation non-destructive examinations that were performed on these fuel plates. It further compares additional PIE results obtained on fuel plates irradiated in contemporary campaigns in order to allow a complete comparison with all results obtained under similar conditions. Except for a brief indication of accelerated swelling early in the irradiation of the Al-2Si plate, the fuel swelling is shown to evolve linearly with the fission density through the maximum burnup.

Bridging scales of crustal stress patterns using the new World Stress Map

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heidbach, O.; Rajabi, M.; Cui, X.; Fuchs, K. W.; Mueller, B.; Reinecker, J.; Reiter, K.; Tingay, M. R. P.; Wenzel, F.; Xie, F.; Ziegler, M.; Zoback, M. D.; Zoback, M. L.

2017-12-01

Knowledge of the contemporary crustal stress field is a key parameter for the understanding of geodynamic processes such as global plate tectonics and the earthquake cycle. It is also an essential parameter for our sustainable and safe usage of Earth's resources, which is a major challenge for energy security in the 21st century. Since 1986, the World Stress Map (WSM) project has systematically compiled present-day stress information and provides a unique public domain global database. It is a long-term project based on an international network of partners from academia and industry. All data are public and available on the project website at world-stress-map.org. For the 30th anniversary of the project a new database has been compiled, containing double the amount of data records (n=42,870) including new data records from almost 4,000 deep boreholes. The new compilation focused on areas with previously sparse data coverage in order to resolve the stress pattern on different spatial scales. The significantly higher data density can now be used to resolve stress pattern heterogeneities on regional and local scales, as well as with depth in some regions. We present three results derived from the new WSM compilation: 1.) The global comparison between absolute plate motion and the mean of the orientation of maximum horizontal stress SHmax on a regular grid shows that there is still a correlation for the North and South America plate, but deviations from this general trend are now also clearly resolved. 2.) The variability of the crustal stress pattern changes when zooming in from plate-wide scale down to basin scale at 100 km. We show examples for Eastern Australia, Oklahoma and Central Europe. This regional and local variability of the stress pattern can be used as a proxy to identify and quantify regional and local stress sources by means of geomechanical-numerical models of the 3D stress tensor. 3.) Finally we present briefly the general concept of a multi-stage 3D geomechanical-numerical model workflow based on the WSM data to describe the in situ stress tensor. 3D Geomechanical-numerical modelling of the in situ stress state is essential to derive a continuous description of the stress tensor e.g. in order to estimate the distance to a critical stress state.

Publications - AR 1981-82 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

Oversized Sheets Plate 1 Significant mineral deposits and prospects in Alaska (9.7 M) Plate 2 Major active claim blocks and development projects in Alaska, scale 1:2,500,000 (22.0 M) Plate 3 Mining claim recording districts of Alaska, scale 1:500,000 (6.9 M) Plate 4 Peat resource map of Alaska, scale 1

Silver-free Metallization Technology for Producing High Efficiency, Industrial Silicon Solar Cells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Michaelson, Lynne M.; Munoz, Krystal; Karas, Joseph

The goal of this project is to provide a commercially viable Ag-free metallization technology that will both reduce cost and increase efficiency of standard silicon solar cells. By removing silver from the front grid metallization and replacing it with lower cost nickel, copper, and tin metal, the front grid direct materials costs will decrease. This reduction in material costs should provide a path to meeting the Sunshot 2020 goal of 1 dollar / W DC. As of today, plated contacts are not widely implemented in large scale manufacturing. For organizations that wish to implement pilot scale manufacturing, only two equipmentmore » choices exist. These equipment manufacturers do not supply plating chemistry. The main goal of this project is to provide a chemistry and equipment solution to the industry that enables reliable manufacturing of plated contacts marked by passing reliability results and higher efficiencies than silver paste front grid contacts. To date, there have been several key findings that point to plated contacts performing equal to or better than the current state of the art silver paste contacts. Poor adhesion and reliability concerns are a few of the hurdles for plated contacts, specifically plated nickel directly on silicon. A key finding of the Phase 1 budget period is that the plated contacts have the same adhesion as the silver paste controls. This is a huge win for plated contacts. With very little optimization work, state of the art electrical results for plated contacts on laser ablated lines have been demonstrated with efficiencies up to 19.1% and fill factors ~80% on grid lines 40-50 um wide. The silver paste controls with similar line widths demonstrate similar electrical results. By optimizing the emitter and grid design for the plated contacts, it is expected that the electrical performance will exceed the silver paste controls. In addition, cells plated using Technic chemistry and equipment pass reliability testing; i.e. 1000 hours damp heat and 200 thermal cycles, with results similar to silver paste control cells. 100 cells have been processed through Technic’s novel demo plating tool built and installed during budget period 2. This plating tool performed consistently from cell to cell, providing gentle handling for the solar cells. An agreement has been signed with a cell manufacturer to process their cells through our plating chemistry and equipment. Their main focus for plated contacts is to reduce the direct materials cost by utilizing nickel, copper, and tin in place of silver paste. Based on current market conditions and cost model calculations, the overall savings offered by plated contacts is only 3.5% dollar/W versus silver paste contacts; however, the direct materials savings depend on the silver market. If silver prices increase, plated contacts may find a wider adoption in the solar industry in order to keep the direct materials costs down for front grid contacts.« less

Blue Willow Story Plates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fontes, Kris

2009-01-01

In the December 1997 issue of "SchoolArts" is a lesson titled "Blue Willow Story Plates" by Susan Striker. In this article, the author shares how she used this lesson with her middle-school students many times over the years. Here, she describes a Blue Willow plate painting project that her students made.

Casimir energy between two parallel plates and projective representation of the Poincaré group

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akita, Takamaru; Matsunaga, Mamoru

2016-06-01

The Casimir effect is a physical manifestation of zero point energy of quantum vacuum. In a relativistic quantum field theory, Poincaré symmetry of the theory seems, at first sight, to imply that nonzero vacuum energy is inconsistent with translational invariance of the vacuum. In the setting of two uniform boundary plates at rest, quantum fields outside the plates have (1 +2 )-dimensional Poincaré symmetry. Taking a massless scalar field as an example, we have examined the consistency between the Poincaré symmetry and the existence of the vacuum energy. We note that, in quantum theory, symmetries are represented projectively in general and show that the Casimir energy is connected to central charges appearing in the algebra of generators in the projective representations.

Reduced order modeling of fluid/structure interaction.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barone, Matthew Franklin; Kalashnikova, Irina; Segalman, Daniel Joseph

2009-11-01

This report describes work performed from October 2007 through September 2009 under the Sandia Laboratory Directed Research and Development project titled 'Reduced Order Modeling of Fluid/Structure Interaction.' This project addresses fundamental aspects of techniques for construction of predictive Reduced Order Models (ROMs). A ROM is defined as a model, derived from a sequence of high-fidelity simulations, that preserves the essential physics and predictive capability of the original simulations but at a much lower computational cost. Techniques are developed for construction of provably stable linear Galerkin projection ROMs for compressible fluid flow, including a method for enforcing boundary conditions that preservesmore » numerical stability. A convergence proof and error estimates are given for this class of ROM, and the method is demonstrated on a series of model problems. A reduced order method, based on the method of quadratic components, for solving the von Karman nonlinear plate equations is developed and tested. This method is applied to the problem of nonlinear limit cycle oscillations encountered when the plate interacts with an adjacent supersonic flow. A stability-preserving method for coupling the linear fluid ROM with the structural dynamics model for the elastic plate is constructed and tested. Methods for constructing efficient ROMs for nonlinear fluid equations are developed and tested on a one-dimensional convection-diffusion-reaction equation. These methods are combined with a symmetrization approach to construct a ROM technique for application to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations.« less

Teaching And Learning Tectonics With Web-GIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anastasio, D. J.; Sahagian, D. L.; Bodzin, A.; Teletzke, A. L.; Rutzmoser, S.; Cirucci, L.; Bressler, D.; Burrows, J. E.

2012-12-01

Tectonics is a new curriculum enhancement consisting of six Web GIS investigations designed to augment a traditional middle school Earth science curriculum. The investigations are aligned to Disciplinary Core Ideas: Earth and Space Science from the National Research Council's (2012) Framework for K-12 Science Education and to tectonics benchmark ideas articulated in the AAAS Project 2061 (2007) Atlas of Science Literacy. The curriculum emphasizes geospatial thinking and scientific inquiry and consists of the following modules: Geohazards, which plate boundary is closest to me? How do we recognize plate boundaries? How does thermal energy move around the Earth? What happens when plates diverge? What happens when plate move sideways past each other? What happens when plates collide? The Web GIS interface uses JavaScript for simplicity, intuition, and convenience for implementation on a variety of platforms making it easier for diverse middle school learners and their teachers to conduct authentic Earth science investigations, including multidisciplinary visualization, analysis, and synthesis of data. Instructional adaptations allow students who are English language learners, have disabilities, or are reluctant readers to perform advanced desktop GIS functions including spatial analysis, map visualization and query. The Web GIS interface integrates graphics, multimedia, and animation in addition to newly developed features, which allow users to explore and discover geospatial patterns that would not be easily visible using typical classroom instructional materials. The Tectonics curriculum uses a spatial learning design model that incorporates a related set of frameworks and design principles. The framework builds on the work of other successful technology-integrated curriculum projects and includes, alignment of materials and assessments with learning goals, casting key ideas in real-world problems, engaging students in scientific practices that foster the use of key ideas, uses geospatial technology, and supports for teachers in adopting and implementing GIS and inquiry-based activities.

Flat-plate solar array progress and plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callaghan, W. T.

1984-01-01

The results of research into the technology of flat-plate solar arrays undertaken in the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy are surveyed. Topics examined include Si refinement, ribbon-sheet substrate formation, module process sequences, environmental isolation, module engineering and testing, and photovoltaic-array economics.

Ion plating studies for high temperature applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davis, J. H.

1980-01-01

An experimental project was undertaken to ion plate, by electron beam evaporation, Al films onto 4340 steel substrates using (and at the time troubleshooting) the custom built V.T.A. 7375 electron beam ion plating system. A careful recent literature and commercial vendor survey indicates possible means of improving the trouble plagued V.T.A. system.

Tectonic map of the Circum-Pacific region, Pacific basin sheet

USGS Publications Warehouse

Scheibner, E.; Moore, G.W.; Drummond, K.J.; Dalziel, Corvalan Q.J.; Moritani, T.; Teraoka, Y.; Sato, T.; Craddock, C.

2013-01-01

Circum-Pacific Map Project: The Circum-Pacific Map Project was a cooperative international effort designed to show the relationship of known energy and mineral resources to the major geologic features of the Pacific basin and surrounding continental areas. Available geologic, mineral, and energy-resource data are being complemented by new, project-developed data sets such as magnetic lineations, seafloor mineral deposits, and seafloor sediment. Earth scientists representing some 180 organizations from more than 40 Pacific-region countries are involved in this work. Six overlapping equal-area regional maps at a scale of 1:10,000,000 form the cartographic base for the project: the four Circum-Pacific Quadrants (Northwest, Southwest, Southeast, and Northeast), and the Antarctic and Arctic Sheets. There is also a Pacific Basin Sheet at a scale of 1:17,000,000. The Base Map Series and the Geographic Series (published from 1977 to 1990), the Plate-Tectonic Series (published in 1981 and 1982), the Geodynamic Series (published in 1984 and 1985), and the Geologic Series (published from 1984 to 1989) all include six map sheets. Other thematic map series in preparation include Mineral-Resources, Energy-Resources and Tectonic Maps. Altogether, more than 50 map sheets are planned. The maps were prepared cooperatively by the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey and are available from the Branch of Distribution, U. S. Geological Survey, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, U.S.A. The Circum-Pacific Map Project is organized under six panels of geoscientists representing national earth-science organizations, universities, and natural-resource companies. The six panels correspond to the basic map areas. Current panel chairmen are Tomoyuki Moritani (Northwest Quadrant), R. Wally Johnson (Southwest Quadrant), Ian W.D. Dalziel (Antarctic Region), vacant. (Southeast Quadrant), Kenneth J. Drummond (Northeast Quadrant), and George W. Moore (Arctic Region). Project coordination and final cartography was being carried out through the cooperation of the Office of the Chief Geologist of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of General Chairman, George Gryc of Menlo Park, California. Project headquarters were located at 345 Middlefield Road, MS 952, Menlo Park, California 94025, U.S.A. The framework for the Circum-Pacific Map Project was developed in 1973 by a specially convened group of 12 North American geoscientists meeting in California. The project was officially launched at the First Circum-Pacific Conference on Energy and Mineral Resources, which met in Honolulu, Hawaii, in August 1974. Sponsors of the conference were the AAPG, Pacific Science Association (PSA), and the Coordinating Committee for Offshore Prospecting for Mineral Resources in Offshore Asian Areas (CCOP). The Circum-Pacific Map Project operates as an activity of the Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, a nonprofit organization that promotes cooperation among Circum-Pacific countries in the study of energy and mineral resources of the Pacific basin. Founded by Michel T. Halbouty in 1972, the Council also sponsors conferences, topical symposia, workshops and the Earth Science Series books. Tectonic Map Series: The tectonic maps distinguish areas of oceanic and continental crust. Symbols in red mark active plate boundaries, and colored patterns show tectonic units (volcanic or magmatic arcs, arc-trench gaps, and interarc basins) associated with active plate margins. Well-documented inactive plate boundaries are shown by symbols in black. The tectonic development of oceanic crust is shown by episodes of seafloor spreading. These correlate with the rift and drift sequences at passive continental margins and episodes of tectonic activity at active plate margins. The recognized episodes of seafloor spreading seem to reflect major changes in plate kinematics. Oceanic plateaus and other prominences of greater than normal oceanic crustal thickness such as hotspot traces are also shown. Colored areas on the continents show the ages of deformation and metamorphism of basement rocks and the emplacement of igneous rocks. Transitional tectonic (molassic) and reactivation basins are shown by a colored boundary, and if they are deformed, a colored horizontal line pattern indicates the age of deformation. Colored bands along basin boundaries indicate age of inception, and isopachs indicate thickness of platform strata on continental crust and cover on oceanic crust. Colored patterns at separated continental margins show the age of inception of rift and drift (breakup) sequences. Symbols mark folds and faults, and special symbols show volcanoes and other structural features. Affiliations are as of compilation of the data. This map was created in quadrants and then compiled together. They are the Northwest land, Northwest Marine (different compilers), Northeast, Southwest and Southeast, and parts in plate-boundary sections.

Preserving and Archiving Astronomical Photographic Plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castelaz, M. W.; Cline, J. D.

2005-05-01

Astronomical objects change with time. New observations complement past observations recorded on photographic plates. Analyses of changes provide essential routes to information about an object's formation, constitution and evolution. Preserving a century of photographic plate observations is thus of paramount importance. Plate collections are presently widely dispersed; plates may be stored in poor conditions, and are effectively inaccessible to both researchers and historians. We describe a planned project at Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute to preserve the collections of astronomical plates in the United States by gathering them into a single storage location. Collections will be sorted, cleaned, and cataloged on-line so as to provide access to researchers. Full scientific and historic use of the material then requires the observations themselves to be accessible digitally. The project's goal will be the availability of these data as a unique, fully-maintained scientific and educational resource. The new archive will support trans-disciplinary research such as the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere, library information science, trends in local weather patterns, and impacts of urbanization on telescope use, while the hand-written observatory logs will be a valuable resource for science historians and biographers.

Flat-plate solar array project of the US Department of Energy's National Photovoltaics Program: Ten years of progress

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Christensen, Elmer

1985-01-01

The Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project, a Government-sponsored photovoltaics project, was initiated in January 1975 (previously named the Low-Cost Silicon Solar Array Project) to stimulate the development of PV systems for widespread use. Its goal then was to develop PV modules with 10% efficiency, a 20-year lifetime, and a selling price of $0.50 per peak watt of generating capacity (1975 dollars). It was recognized that cost reduction of PV solar-cell and module manufacturing was the key achievement needed if PV power systems were to be economically competitive for large-scale terrestrial use.

Reducing chromium losses from a chromium plating bath. 1987 summer intern report. Project conducted at New Dimension Plating, Hutchinson, Minnesota

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Achman, D.

1987-12-31

The company employs about forty people and operates for one or two eight hour shifts with an average of 315 racks of chrome plating per eight hour day. They plate a variety of metals including copper, nickel, gold, brass and chromium. Chromium is the major metal plated and is usually the last step in plating cycle. Most parts are copper plated and then nickel plated in preparation for chrome plating. The main difference between New Dimension Plating and other plating shops is the variety of parts plated. As New Dimension Plating is a job shop, a wide range of partsmore » such as motorcycle accessories, stove parts, and custom items are metal finished. The plating lines are manual, meaning employees dip the racks into the tanks by hand. This fact along with the fact that parts vary greatly in size and shape accounts for the significant drag-out on the chromium plating line.« less

Electrostatically actuatable light modulating device

DOEpatents

Koehler, Dale R.

1991-01-01

The electrostatically actuatable light modulator utilizes an opaque substrate plate patterned with an array of aperture cells, the cells comprised of physically positionable dielectric shutters and electrostatic actuators. With incorporation of a light source and a viewing screen, a projection display system is effected. Inclusion of a color filter array aligned with the aperture cells accomplishes a color display. The system is realized in terms of a silicon based manufacturing technology allowing fabrication of a high resolution capability in a physically small device which with the utilization of included magnification optics allows both large and small projection displays.

APDA's Contribution to Current Research and Citizen Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barker, Thurburn; Castelaz, M. W.; Cline, J. D.; Hudec, R.

2010-01-01

The Astronomical Photographical Data Archive (APDA) is dedicated to the collection, restoration, preservation, and digitization of astronomical photographic data that eventually can be accessed via the Internet by the global community of scientists, researchers and students. Located on the Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute campus, APDA now includes collections from North America totaling more than 100,000 photographic plates and films. Two new large scale research projects, and one citizen science project have now been developed from the archived data. One unique photographic data collection covering the southern hemisphere contains the signatures of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) within the stellar spectra on objective prism plates. We plan to digitize the spectra, identify the DIBs, and map out the large scale spatial extent of DIBS. The goal is to understand the Galactic environment suitable to the DIB molecules. Another collection contains spectra with nearly the same dispersion as the GAIA Satellite low dispersion slitless spectrophotometers, BP and RP. The plates will be used to develop standards for GAIA spectra. To bring the data from APDA to the general public, we have developed the citizen science project called Stellar Classification Online - Public Exploration (SCOPE). SCOPE allows the citizen scientist to classify up to a half million stars on objective prism plates. We will present the status of each of these projects.

Reduction of astrometric plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stock, J.

1984-01-01

A rapid and accurate method for the reduction of comet or asteroid plates is described. Projection equations, scale length correction, rotation of coordinates, linearization, the search for additional reference stars, and the final solution are examined.

Collimator of multiple plates with axially aligned identical random arrays of apertures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoover, R. B.; Underwood, J. H. (Inventor)

1973-01-01

A collimator is disclosed for examining the spatial location of distant sources of radiation and for imaging by projection, small, near sources of radiation. The collimator consists of a plurality of plates, all of which are pierced with an identical random array of apertures. The plates are mounted perpendicular to a common axis, with like apertures on consecutive plates axially aligned so as to form radiation channels parallel to the common axis. For near sources, the collimator is interposed between the source and a radiation detector and is translated perpendicular to the common axis so as to project radiation traveling parallel to the common axis incident to the detector. For far sources the collimator is scanned by rotating it in elevation and azimuth with a detector to determine the angular distribution of the radiation from the source.

Field Geology for Environment Awareness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrez, Marilia

2017-04-01

The objective of this project is to show the scientific and educational potential of natural environment of Lisbon region through increase of excitement for plate tectonics subjects to high school students. It is expected the students be able to understand the main concepts of the plate tectonics, stratigraphy, paleontology and paleoenvironmental interpretations, explain in the field nearby Lisbon. The richness of Guincho beach geodiversity and "Sintra Syenite Complex" valuate the geological patrimony. Combining these entities and educational purposes will raise awareness to sustainable attitudes favoring the preservation of natural patrimony by the students. The subjects approached in the project are based on the inspection of several outcrops related to the evolution of the Iberian Plate at early Mesozoic period, at several places of geological interest. The landscape of Guincho is dominated by Mesozoic formations that show good conditions paleoenvironmental and geodynamic interpretations associated to the opening of the North Atlantic. Moreover it reveals the environment linked to the magmatic intrusion of the "Sintra Alcaline Complex" at the end of Cretaceous. It is believed the contact with field is crucial to the awareness of young people to subjects that are not daily matters, however important when presented in the light of an urgent society problem such as environment preservation, at all levels by all people.

An Accurate Projector Calibration Method Based on Polynomial Distortion Representation

PubMed Central

Liu, Miao; Sun, Changku; Huang, Shujun; Zhang, Zonghua

2015-01-01

In structure light measurement systems or 3D printing systems, the errors caused by optical distortion of a digital projector always affect the precision performance and cannot be ignored. Existing methods to calibrate the projection distortion rely on calibration plate and photogrammetry, so the calibration performance is largely affected by the quality of the plate and the imaging system. This paper proposes a new projector calibration approach that makes use of photodiodes to directly detect the light emitted from a digital projector. By analyzing the output sequence of the photoelectric module, the pixel coordinates can be accurately obtained by the curve fitting method. A polynomial distortion representation is employed to reduce the residuals of the traditional distortion representation model. Experimental results and performance evaluation show that the proposed calibration method is able to avoid most of the disadvantages in traditional methods and achieves a higher accuracy. This proposed method is also practically applicable to evaluate the geometric optical performance of other optical projection system. PMID:26492247

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 4: High-efficiency solar cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leipold, M.; Cheng, L.; Daud, T.; Mokashi, A.; Burger, D.; Christensen, E. (Editor); Murry, J. (Editor); Bengelsdorf, I. (Editor)

1986-01-01

The High Efficiency Solar Cell Task was assigned the objective of understanding and developing high efficiency solar cell devices that would meet the cost and performance goals of the Flat Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project. The need for research dealing with high efficiency devices was considered important because of the role efficiency plays in reducing price per watt of generated energy. The R&D efforts conducted during the 1982 to 1986 period are summarized to provide understanding and control of energy conversion losses associated with crystalline silicon solar cells. New levels of conversion efficiency were demonstrated. Major contributions were made both to the understanding and reduction of bulk and surface losses in solar cells. For example, oxides, nitrides, and polysilicon were all shown to be potentially useful surface passivants. Improvements in measurement techniques were made and Auger coefficients and spectral absorption data were obtained for unique types of silicon sheets. New modelling software was developed including a program to optimize a device design based on input characteristics of a cell.

Scale-up of Carbon/Carbon Bipolar Plates

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

David P. Haack

2009-04-08

This project was focused upon developing a unique material technology for use in PEM fuel cell bipolar plates. The carbon/carbon composite material developed in this program is uniquely suited for use in fuel cell systems, as it is lightweight, highly conductive and corrosion resistant. The project further focused upon developing the manufacturing methodology to cost-effectively produce this material for use in commercial fuel cell systems. United Technology Fuel Cells Corp., a leading fuel cell developer was a subcontractor to the project was interested in the performance and low-cost potential of the material. The accomplishments of the program included the developmentmore » and testing of a low-cost, fully molded, net-shape carbon-carbon bipolar plate. The process to cost-effectively manufacture these carbon-carbon bipolar plates was focused on extensively in this program. Key areas for cost-reduction that received attention in this program was net-shape molding of the detailed flow structures according to end-user design. Correlations between feature detail and process parameters were formed so that mold tooling could be accurately designed to meet a variety of flow field dimensions. A cost model was developed that predicted the cost of manufacture for the product in near-term volumes and long-term volumes (10+ million units per year). Because the roduct uses lowcost raw materials in quantities that are less than competitive tech, it was found that the cost of the product in high volume can be less than with other plate echnologies, and can meet the DOE goal of $4/kW for transportation applications. The excellent performance of the all-carbon plate in net shape was verified in fuel cell testing. Performance equivalent to much higher cost, fully machined graphite plates was found.« less

Update on slip and wear in multi-layer azimuth track systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juneja, Gunjeet; Kan, Frank W.; Antebi, Joseph

2006-06-01

Many antennas, such as the 100-m Green Bank Telescope, use a wheel-on-track systems in which the track segments consist of wear plates mounted on base plates. The wear plates are typically 2 to 3 inches thick and are case hardened or through hardened. The base plates are usually 3 to 4 times thicker than the wear plates and are not hardened. The wear plates are typically connected to the base plates using bolts. The base plates are supported on grout and anchored to the underlying concrete foundation. For some antennas, slip has been observed between the wear plate and base plate, and between the base plate and the grout, with the migration in the wheel rolling direction. In addition, there has been wear at the wear plate/base plate interface. This paper is an update on the evaluation of GBT track retrofit. The paper describes the use of three-dimensional non-linear finite element analyses to understand and evaluate the behavior of (1) the existing GBT wheel-on-track system with mitered joints, and (2) the various proposed modifications. The modifications include welding of the base plate joints, staggering of the wear plate joints from the base plate joints, changing thickness of the wear plate, and increasing bolt diameter and length. Parameters included in the evaluation were contact pressure, relative slip, wear at the wear plate/base plate interface, and bolt shears and moments.

Proceedings of the flat-plate solar array project research forum on photovoltaic metallization systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

1983-11-15

A Photovoltaic Metallization Research Forum, under the sponsorship of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Flat-Plate Solar Array Project and the US Department of Energy, was held March 16-18, 1983 at Pine Mountain, Georgia. The Forum consisted of five sessions, covering (1) the current status of metallization systems, (2) system design, (3) thick-film metallization, (4) advanced techniques and (5) future metallization challenges. Twenty-three papers were presented.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 5: Process development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gallagher, B.; Alexander, P.; Burger, D.

1986-01-01

The goal of the Process Development Area, as part of the Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project, was to develop and demonstrate solar cell fabrication and module assembly process technologies required to meet the cost, lifetime, production capacity, and performance goals of the FSA Project. R&D efforts expended by Government, Industry, and Universities in developing processes capable of meeting the projects goals during volume production conditions are summarized. The cost goals allocated for processing were demonstrated by small volume quantities that were extrapolated by cost analysis to large volume production. To provide proper focus and coverage of the process development effort, four separate technology sections are discussed: surface preparation, junction formation, metallization, and module assembly.

49 CFR 571.209 - Standard No. 209; Seat belt assemblies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., plates, or washers, need not have such hardware, but shall have 7/16-20 UNF-2A or 1/2-13 UNC-2A... and other parts from becoming disengaged from the vehicle while in service. Reinforcing plates or... projected area. The distance between any edge of the plate and the edge of the bolt hole shall be at least...

49 CFR 571.209 - Standard No. 209; Seat belt assemblies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., plates, or washers, need not have such hardware, but shall have 7/16-20 UNF-2A or 1/2-13 UNC-2A... and other parts from becoming disengaged from the vehicle while in service. Reinforcing plates or... projected area. The distance between any edge of the plate and the edge of the bolt hole shall be at least...

49 CFR 571.209 - Standard No. 209; Seat belt assemblies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., plates, or washers, need not have such hardware, but shall have 7/16-20 UNF-2A or 1/2-13 UNC-2A... and other parts from becoming disengaged from the vehicle while in service. Reinforcing plates or... projected area. The distance between any edge of the plate and the edge of the bolt hole shall be at least...

49 CFR 571.209 - Standard No. 209; Seat belt assemblies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... anchorage nuts, plates, or washers, need not have such hardware, but shall have 7/16-20 UNF-2A or 1/2-13UNC... plates or washers furnished for universal floor, installations shall be of steel, free from burrs and... 2580 mm2 in projected area. The distance between any edge of the plate and the edge of the bolt hole...

Reduction of astrographic catalogues

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stock, J.; Prugna, F. D.; Cova, J.

1984-01-01

An automatic program for the reduction of overlapping Carte du Ciel plates is described. The projection and transformation equations are given and the RAA subprogram flow is outlined. The program was applied to two different sets of data, namely to nine overlapping plates of the Cape Zone of the CdC, and to fifteen plates taken with the CIDA-refractor of the open cluster Tr10.

Fruit and Vegetable Plate Waste among Students in a Suburban School District Participating in the National School Lunch Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Handforth, Kellyn M.; Gilboy, Mary Beth; Harris, Jeffrey; Melia, Nicole

2016-01-01

Purpose/Objectives: The purpose of this project was to assess fruit and vegetable plate waste, examine patterns of selection and consumption of specific fruit and vegetable subgroups, and analyze for differences across gender, grade level, and school. Methods: A previously-validated digital photography method was used to collect plate waste data…

Tsujal Project: New Geophysical Studies about Rivera PLATE and Jalisco Block (MEXICO)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barba, D. C., Sr.; Nunez-Cornu, F. J.; Danobeitia, J.; Bartolome, R.; Bandy, W. L.; Escudero, C. R.; Cameselle, A. L.; Espindola de Castro, J. M., Sr.; Prada, M.; Nunez, D.; Zamora Camacho, A.; Gomez, A.; Ortiz, M.

2014-12-01

During spring and summer of 2014, it has been carried out the first geophysical fieldwork of the project entitled "Crustal characterization of the Rivera Plate-Jalisco Block boundary and its implications for seismic and tsunami hazard assessment (TSUJAL)". This is project is the result of a wide scientific collaboration between institutions of Mexico and Spain with the main aim of studying the lithospheric structure in Rivera and North American Plates convergence regions and Jalisco Block, and, also, identifying submarine structures that could be tsunamigenic sources. The first phase of this project was carried out in February and March of 2014. More than 5200 km of Multichannel Seismic Reflection (MCS) data were acquired, together with multibeam and parametric soundings and potential fields (gravity and magnetism) data. Wide Angle profiling were recorded deploying 16 OBS in 32 locations, offshore Jalisco and Nayarit regions Onshore, a network of 100 short period seismic portable stations were deployed in 240 locations along 5 seismic lines of 200-300 km length that worked combined with Seismological Network of Jalisco State (SisVOc). In addition, 8 land seismic stations were installed in Marías Islands and Isabel Island. These instruments registered, in continuous mode, the source energy was generated by big airgun array of 5800 ci, shooting every 120 s. The British vessel RRS James Cook, which participated in this project as a part of the exchange program between Spanish and English scientific vessels, was responsible of carrying out the MCS profiles and the deployment of OBS. For them, it was used a 6 km length digital streamer and airgun array of high capacity. Moreover, the ARM Holzinger and RV El Puma participated in this project and were provided by the Mexican Navy and UNAM, respectively. The second phase of this project was carried out in June 2014. 100 short period seismic stations were installed along one seismic profile from La Caldera de la Primavera (Guadalajara) to Barra de Navidad (Jalisco coast), covering 200 km distance. The new data acquired during TSUJAL project provide a dense sampling of studied plates and give new seismic images about continental deformation along and across the subduction zone, accretionary wedge size, about contact between Rivera and North American Plates.

Publications - AR 1981 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

Science.gov Websites

Sheets Maps & Other Oversized Sheets Plate 1 Significant mineral deposits and prospects in Alaska (6.8 M) Plate 2 Major active claim blocks and development projects in Alaska, scale 1:42,240 (13.0 M

Measuring research progress in photovoltaics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jackson, B.; Mcguire, P.

1986-01-01

The role and some results of the project analysis and integration function in the Flat-plate Solar Array (FSA) Project are presented. Activities included supporting the decision-making process, preparation of plans for project direction, setting goals for project activities, measuring progress within the project, and the development and maintenance of analytical models.

Biomechanical characteristics of hemi-hamate reconstruction versus volar plate arthroplasty in the treatment of dorsal fracture dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint.

PubMed

Tyser, Andrew R; Tsai, Michael A; Parks, Brent G; Means, Kenneth R

2015-02-01

To compare stability and range of motion after hemi-hamate reconstruction versus volar plate arthroplasty in a biomechanical proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint fracture-dislocation model. Eighteen digits from 6 cadaver hands were tested. We created defects of 40%, 60%, and 80% in the palmar base of each digit's middle phalanx, simulating an acute PIP joint fracture-dislocation. Each defect scenario was reconstructed with a hemi-hamate arthroplasty followed by a volar plate arthroplasty. A computer-controlled mechanism was used to bring each digit's PIP joint from full extension to full flexion via the digital tendons in each testing state, and in the intact state. During each testing scenario we collected PIP joint cinedata in a true lateral projection using mini-fluoroscopy. A digital radiography program was used to measure the amount of middle phalanx dorsal translation (subluxation) in full PIP joint extension. We recorded the angle at which subluxation, if present, occurred during each testing scenario. Average dorsal displacement of the middle phalanx in relation to the proximal phalanx was 0.01 mm for the hemi-hamate reconstructed joints and -0.03 mm for the volar plate arthroplasty, compared with the intact state. Flexion contractures were noted in each of the specimens reconstructed with volar plate arthroplasty. Degree of contracture was directly correlated with defect size, averaging 20° for 40% defects, 35° for 60% defects, and 60° for 80% defects. We observed no flexion contractures in the hemi-hamate reconstructions. Surgeons can use both hemi-hamate and volar plate arthroplasty to restore PIP joint stability following a fracture dislocation with a large middle phalanx palmar base defect. Use of volar plate arthroplasty led to an increasing flexion contracture as the middle phalanx palmar base defect increased. Clinicians can use the information from this study to help with surgical decision-making and patient education. Copyright © 2015 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

RiverHeath: Neighborhood Loop Geothermal Exchange System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Geall, Mark

2016-07-11

The goal of the RiverHeath project is to develop a geothermal exchange system at lower capital infrastructure cost than current geothermal exchange systems. The RiverHeath system features an innovative design that incorporates use of the adjacent river through river-based heat exchange plates. The flowing water provides a tremendous amount of heat transfer. As a result, the installation cost of this geothermal exchange system is lower than more traditional vertical bore systems. Many urban areas are located along rivers and other waterways. RiverHeath will serve as a template for other projects adjacent to the water.

Daylighting with Mirror Light Pipes and with Fluorescent Planar Concentrators. First Results from the Demonstration Project Stuttgart-Hohenheim

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zastrow, Armin; Wittwer, Volker

1987-02-01

Efficient daylighting systems have recently attracted increasing interest due to their potential for saving a condiderable amount of electrical energy used for lighting purposes. In this paper we discuss the properties of daylighting systems based on either fluorescent planar concentrators (FPC's) and transparent light guiding plates or light pipes coated with a highly reflective silver coated plastic film (3M Silverlux film). First results on daylighting systems in the students' living quarters in Stuttgart-Hohenheim will be presented. This is a demonstration project which is supported by the Commission of the European Communities.

A Geo-referenced 3D model of the Juan de Fuca Slab and associated seismicity

USGS Publications Warehouse

Blair, J.L.; McCrory, P.A.; Oppenheimer, D.H.; Waldhauser, F.

2011-01-01

We present a Geographic Information System (GIS) of a new 3-dimensional (3D) model of the subducted Juan de Fuca Plate beneath western North America and associated seismicity of the Cascadia subduction system. The geo-referenced 3D model was constructed from weighted control points that integrate depth information from hypocenter locations and regional seismic velocity studies. We used the 3D model to differentiate earthquakes that occur above the Juan de Fuca Plate surface from earthquakes that occur below the plate surface. This GIS project of the Cascadia subduction system supersedes the one previously published by McCrory and others (2006). Our new slab model updates the model with new constraints. The most significant updates to the model include: (1) weighted control points to incorporate spatial uncertainty, (2) an additional gridded slab surface based on the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) Surface program which constructs surfaces based on splines in tension (see expanded description below), (3) double-differenced hypocenter locations in northern California to better constrain slab location there, and (4) revised slab shape based on new hypocenter profiles that incorporate routine depth uncertainties as well as data from new seismic-reflection and seismic-refraction studies. We also provide a 3D fly-through animation of the model for use as a visualization tool.

Point Set Denoising Using Bootstrap-Based Radial Basis Function.

PubMed

Liew, Khang Jie; Ramli, Ahmad; Abd Majid, Ahmad

2016-01-01

This paper examines the application of a bootstrap test error estimation of radial basis functions, specifically thin-plate spline fitting, in surface smoothing. The presence of noisy data is a common issue of the point set model that is generated from 3D scanning devices, and hence, point set denoising is one of the main concerns in point set modelling. Bootstrap test error estimation, which is applied when searching for the smoothing parameters of radial basis functions, is revisited. The main contribution of this paper is a smoothing algorithm that relies on a bootstrap-based radial basis function. The proposed method incorporates a k-nearest neighbour search and then projects the point set to the approximated thin-plate spline surface. Therefore, the denoising process is achieved, and the features are well preserved. A comparison of the proposed method with other smoothing methods is also carried out in this study.

Phase 2 of the array automated assembly task for the low cost silicon solar array project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Petersen, R. C.

1980-01-01

Studies were conducted on several fundamental aspects of electroless nickel/solder metallization for silicon solar cells. A process, which precedes the electroless nickel plating with several steps of palladium plating and heat treatment, was compared directly with single step electroless nickel plating. Work was directed toward answering specific questions concerning the effect of silicon surface oxide on nickel plating, effects of thermal stresses on the metallization, sintering of nickel plated on silicon, and effects of exposure to the plating solution on solar cell characteristics. The process was found to be extremely lengthy and cumbersome, and was also found to produce a product virtually identical to that produced by single step electroless nickel plating, as shown by adhesion tests and electrical characteristics of cells under illumination.

Structure Damage Simulations Accounting for Inertial Effects and Impact and Optimization of Grid-Stiffened Non-Circular Shells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mei, Chuh; Jaunky, Navin

1999-01-01

The goal of this research project is to develop modelling and analysis strategy for the penetration of aluminium plates impacted by titanium impactors. Finite element analysis is used to study the penetration of aluminium plates impacted by titanium impactors in order to study the effect of such uncontained engine debris impacts on aircraft-like skin panels. LS-DYNA3D) is used in the simulations to model the impactor, test fixture frame and target barrier plate. The effects of mesh refinement, contact modeling, and impactor initial velocity and orientation were studied. The research project also includes development of a design tool for optimum design of grid-stiffened non-circular shells or panels subjected to buckling.

Autostereoscopic projection viewer

DOEpatents

Toeppen, John S [Livermore, CA

2006-12-19

An autostereoscopic viewer is employed to produce aberration corrected images to simulate a virtual presence by employing pairs of projector optical components coupled with an image corrector plate and a field lens. Images are designed with magnifications and optical qualities and positioned at predetermined eyezones having controlled directional properties. The viewer's eyes are positioned in these eyezones. The size of these zones is related to the aperture of the projection lenses, the magnification produced by the Fresnel(s), and the optical properties and position of the image corrector plate.

The Demonstrator for the European Plate Observing System (EPOS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoffmann, T. L.; Euteneuer, F.; Ulbricht, D.; Lauterjung, J.; Bailo, D.; Jeffery, K. G.

2014-12-01

An important outcome of the 4-year Preparatory Phase of the ESFRI project European Plate Observing System (EPOS) was the development and first implementation of the EPOS Demonstrator by the project's ICT Working Group 7. The Demonstrator implements the vertical integration of the three-layer architectural scheme for EPOS, connecting the Integrated Core Services (ICS), Thematic Core Services (TCS) and the National Research Infrastructures (NRI). The demonstrator provides a single GUI with central key discovery and query functionalities, based on already existing services by the seismic, geologic and geodetic communities. More specifically the seismic services of the Demonstrator utilize webservices and APIs for data and discovery of raw seismic data (FDSN webservices by the EIDA Network), events (Geoportal by EMSC) and analytical data products (e.g., hazard maps by EFEHR via OGC WMS). For geologic services, the EPOS Demonstrator accesses OneGeology Europe which serves the community with geologic maps and point information via OGC webservices. The Demonstrator also provides access to raw geodetic data via a newly developed universal tool called GSAC. The Demonstrator itself resembles the future Integrated Core Service (ICS) and provides direct access to the end user. Its core functionality lies in a metadata catalogue, which serves as the central information hub and stores information about all RIs, related persons, projects, financial background and technical access information. The database schema of the catalogue is based on CERIF, which has been slightly adapted. Currently, the portal provides basic query functions as well as cross domain search. [www.epos.cineca.it

Puesta en marcha de un microdensitómetro automático basado en CCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calderón, J. H.; Bustos Fierro, I. H.

We present the commisioning of a CCD-based microdensitometer intended to perform astrometric measurements of photographic plates. The work done consisted in the installation of a CCD camera, the modification of the motion system, the construction of a new illumination device, the adaptation of the electronics, and the development of software. The instrument is intended to be used for the astrometric measurement mainly of plates of the Astrographic Catalog and Carte du Ciel collections from Córdoba Observatory. In this phase of the project we counted with the collaboration of the Instituto Provincial de Enseñanza Media No 59, 25 de Mayo, Cruz Alta (Province of Córdoba). The origin and importance of such collaboration is commented.

A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific
gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae).

PubMed

Barrientos-Lozano, Ludivina; Rocha-Sánchez, Aurora Y; Correa-Sandoval, Alfonso

2015-10-12

Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez, and a field collected conspecific gynandromorph are described, both from the northern Mexico's Highland. O. truncoangulata n. sp., may be separated from congeneric O. brevihastata based on morphological characters. The male's pronotum is more constricted mesally, and the tegmina are shorter. The disto-dorsal abdominal tergites sub-triangular projection broadly bilobated. Cerci broader proximally, and thumb and shaft more robust and shorter; subgenital plate deep "U" shape emarginated distally, lateral angles excised about mid portion. In females, tegmina, ovipositor, subgenital plate and basal sclerites are of different shape than analogous structures in O. brevihastata. Information on geographic distribution and ecology is provided.

Test Fixture for Determination of Energy Absorbing Capabilities of Composite Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lavoie, J. Andre (Inventor); Jackson, Karen E. (Inventor); Morton, John (Inventor)

1998-01-01

The present invention provides a fixture for supporting an elongated specimen for crush testing. The fixture comprises a base plate. four guiding rods, a sliding plate, four support rods and two collars. The guiding rods connect to the base plate and extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the base plate. The sliding plate has linear bearings which encircle the guiding rods and enable translation of the sliding plate along the axis of each guiding rod. The four supporting rods mount to the base plate and also extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the base plate. Each support rod has a keyway for a wedge which contacts the elongated specimen and holds the specimen in place during crushing. Each collar lies above the sliding plate and holds a pair of support rods on their ends opposite the ends connected to the base plate. A spherical bearing sits on top of the sliding plate and transfers an applied load to the sliding plate, which moves downward and crushes the elongated specimen.

Test fixture for determination of energy absorbing capabilities of composite materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lavoie, J. Andre (Inventor); Jackson, Karen E. (Inventor); Morton, John (Inventor)

1994-01-01

The present invention provides a fixture for supporting an elongated specimen for crush testing. The fixture comprises a base plate, four guiding rods, a sliding plate, four support rods and two collars. The guiding rods connect to the base plate and extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the base plate. The sliding plate has linear bearings which encircle the guiding rods and enable translation of the sliding plate along the axis of each guiding rod. The four supporting rods mount to the base plate and also extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the base plate. Each support rod has a keyway for a wedge which contacts the elongated specimen and holds the specimen in place during crushing. Each collar lies above the sliding plate and holds a pair of support rods on their ends opposite the ends connected to the base plate. A spherical bearing sits on top of the sliding plate and transfers an applied load to the sliding plate, which moves downward and crushes the elongated specimen.

Novel Structured Metal Bipolar Plates for Low Cost Manufacturing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, Conghua

Bipolar plates are an important component in fuel cell stacks and accounts for more than 75% of stack weight and volume, and 20% of the stack cost. The technology development of metal bipolar plates can effectively reduce the fuel cells stack weight and volume over 50%. The challenge is to protect metal plate from corrosion at low cost for the broad commercial applications. While most of today’s PEM fuel cell metallic bipolar plate technologies use some precious metal, the focus of this SBIR project is to develop a low cost, novel nano-structured metal bipolar plate coating technology without using anymore » precious metal. The technology must meet the performance and cost requirements for automobile applications.« less

OPTiM: Optical projection tomography integrated microscope using open-source hardware and software

PubMed Central

Andrews, Natalie; Davis, Samuel; Bugeon, Laurence; Dallman, Margaret D.; McGinty, James

2017-01-01

We describe the implementation of an OPT plate to perform optical projection tomography (OPT) on a commercial wide-field inverted microscope, using our open-source hardware and software. The OPT plate includes a tilt adjustment for alignment and a stepper motor for sample rotation as required by standard projection tomography. Depending on magnification requirements, three methods of performing OPT are detailed using this adaptor plate: a conventional direct OPT method requiring only the addition of a limiting aperture behind the objective lens; an external optical-relay method allowing conventional OPT to be performed at magnifications >4x; a remote focal scanning and region-of-interest method for improved spatial resolution OPT (up to ~1.6 μm). All three methods use the microscope’s existing incoherent light source (i.e. arc-lamp) and all of its inherent functionality is maintained for day-to-day use. OPT acquisitions are performed on in vivo zebrafish embryos to demonstrate the implementations’ viability. PMID:28700724

Damage tolerance of bonded composite aircraft repairs for metallic structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Clark, Randal John

This thesis describes the development and validation of methods for damage tolerance substantiation of bonded composite repairs applied to cracked plates. This technology is used to repair metal aircraft structures, offering improvements in fatigue life, cost, manufacturability, and inspectability when compared to riveted repairs. The work focuses on the effects of plate thickness and bending on repair life, and covers fundamental aspects of fracture and fatigue of cracked plates and bonded joints. This project falls under the UBC Bonded Composite Repair Program, which has the goal of certification and widespread use of bonded repairs in civilian air transportation. This thesis analyses the plate thickness and transverse stress effects on fracture of repaired plates and the related problem of induced geometrically nonlinear bending in unbalanced (single-sided) repairs. The author begins by developing a classification scheme for assigning repair damage tolerance substantiation requirements based upon stress-based adhesive fracture/fatigue criteria and the residual strength of the original structure. The governing equations for bending of cracked plates are then reformulated and line-spring models are developed for linear and nonlinear coupled bending and extension of reinforced cracks. The line-spring models were used to correct the Wang and Rose energy method for the determination of the long-crack limit stress intensity, and to develop a new interpolation model for repaired cracks of arbitrary length. The analysis was validated using finite element models and data from mechanical tests performed on hybrid bonded joints and repair specimens that are representative of an in-service repair. This work will allow designers to evaluate the damage tolerance of the repaired plate, the adhesive, and the composite patch, which is an airworthiness requirement under FAR (Federal Aviation Regulations) 25.571. The thesis concludes by assessing the remaining barriers to certification of bonded repairs, discussing the results of the analysis, and making suggestions for future work. The developed techniques should also prove to be useful for the analysis of fibre-reinforced metal laminates and other layered structures. Some concepts are general and should be useful in the analysis of any plate with large in-plane stress gradients that lead to significant transverse stresses.

[Use of the Omega plate for stabilisation of acetabular fractures: first experience].

PubMed

Šrám, J; Taller, S; Lukáš, R; Endrych, L

2013-01-01

The aim of our study is to solve the problem of insufficient fixation of comminuted fractures of the quadrilateral plane and the iliopectineal line. These fixation problems occur while using the standard narrow 3.5 mm fixation plate applied from a modified Stoppa approach. A new plate developed by the authors--the Omega plate--fulfils the requirements. In the period 2010-2012, we performed 156 stabilisations of pelvic ring fractures and acetabular fractures. We used the modified Stoppa approach applying the standard fixation plate in 24 patients and the Omega plate in 15 patients. The patient group with the Omega plate included 10 male and five female patients with the average age of 61 years (range, 30-72). Only 11 patients were followed up, with an average period of 13.3 months, because one patient was lost to followup and three patients were shortly after surgery. The surgical technique of Omega plate application is described in detail. The clinical evaluation of post-operative results was based on the Harris Hip Score; the graphical results were rated using the Matta and Pohlemann criteria. The Stoppa approach alone was used in four patients, combination of two approaches (Stoppa and Kocher-Langenbeck approach) was used in six cases and three approaches were employed in five patients. No adverse intra- or post-operative events were recorded. Excellent or satisfactory graphical results were obtained in 12 patients and an unsatisfactory graphical outcome was recorded in three cases. In the follow-up period ranging from 8 to 22 months, 11 patients healed. Late complications included avascular femoral head necrosis in two and severe post-traumatic coxarthrosis in three patients. Due to these complications, all five patients underwent total hip arthroplasty without previous Omega plate removal at an average interval of 15 months from the primary pelvic surgery. They were not included in the follow-up evaluation. The remaining six patients had an average Harris Hip Score of 88 points (range, 81-98). The novel plate, shaped as a reverse omega letter, enables fixation of the quadrilateral area of the acetabulum through pressure of the arc of the plate against this area. Hitches, with holes for screw insertion, attached to the Omega plate in its middle part allow for fixation of fragments above the linea arcuata simply by pressure. Hitches in the ventral part provide for plate fixation to the ventral acetabular column and the superior pubic ramus. Hitches in the posterior segment of the plate facilitate insertion of a long screw in the posterior acetabular column from an additional iliac approach for stabilisation of simple acetabular fractures. The Omega plates are manufactured in several modifications. The Omega plate enables us to fix fractures of the superior pubic ramus, fractures of the anterior acetabular column, fractures of the quadrilateral acetabular plate, fractures in the iliopectineal line and simple fractures of the posterior column. A CT-defined projection of the pelvic inlet based on pre-operative CT scans allows us to choose the appropriate plate size and to shape the plate pre-operatively. After a technically well performed Stoppa approach and good fragment reduction, the application of an Omega plate is easy if our recommendations are followed. Fixation of all fragments of the anterior column and the quadrilateral plate is very stable and the Omega plate is highly resistant to secondary loss of reduction. A potential total hip arthroplasty does not require Omega plate removal.

Design of metallic bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-01

This project focused on the design and production of metallic bipolar plates for use in PEM fuel cells. Different metals were explored : and stainless steel was found out to be best suited to our purpose. Following the selection of metal, it was calc...

Fabrication of corner cube array retro-reflective structure with DLP-based 3D printing technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riahi, Mohammadreza

2016-06-01

In this article, the fabrication of a corner cube array retro-reflective structure is presented by using DLP-based 3D printing technology. In this additive manufacturing technology a pattern of a cube corner array is designed in a computer and sliced with specific software. The image of each slice is then projected from the bottom side of a reservoir, containing UV cure resin, utilizing a DLP video projector. The projected area is cured and attached to a base plate. This process is repeated until the entire part is made. The best orientation of the printing process and the effect of layer thicknesses on the surface finish of the cube has been investigated. The thermal reflow surface finishing and replication with soft molding has also been presented in this article.

Central projections of sensory systems involved in honey bee dance language communication.

PubMed

Brockmann, Axel; Robinson, Gene E

2007-01-01

Honey bee dance language is a unique and complex form of animal communication used to inform nest mates in the colony about the specific location of food sources or new nest sites. Five different sensory systems have been implicated in acquiring and communicating the information necessary for dance language communication. We present results from neuronal tracer studies identifying the central projections from four of the five. Sensory neurons of the dorsal rim area of the compound eyes, involved in acquiring sun-compass based information, project to the dorsal-most part of the medulla. Sensory neurons of the neck hair plates, required to transpose sun-compass based information to gravity-based information in the dark hive, project to the dorsal labial neuromere of the subesophageal ganglion. Sensory neurons from the antennal joint hair sensilla and the Johnston's organ, which perceive information on dance direction and distance from mechanostimuli generated by abdomen waggling and wing vibration, project to the deutocerebral dorsal lobe and the subesophageal ganglion, and the posterior protocerebrum, respectively. We found no 'dance-specific' projections relative to those previously described for drone and queen honey bees and other insect species that do not exhibit dance communication. We suggest that the evolution of dance language communication was likely based on the modification of central neural pathways associated with path integration, the capability to calculate distance, and directional information during flight. Copyright 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Response of composite plates subjected to acoustic loading

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moyer, E. Thomas, Jr.

1989-01-01

The objectives of the project were to investigate numerical methodology for the determination of narrowband response in the geometrically nonlinear regime, to determine response characteristics for geometrically nonlinear plates subjected to random loading and to compare the predictions with experiments to be performed at NASA-Langley. The first two objectives were met. The response of composite plates subjected to both narrowband and broadband excitation were studied and the results are presented and discussed.

Break-up of Gondwana and opening of the South Atlantic: Review of existing plate tectonic models

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ghidella, M.E.; Lawver, L.A.; Gahagan, L.M.

2007-01-01

each model. We also plot reconstructions at four selected epochs for all models using the same projection and scale to facilitate comparison. The diverse simplifying assumptions that need to be made in every case regarding plate fragmentation to account for the numerous syn-rift basins and periods of stretching are strong indicators that rigid plate tectonics is too simple a model for the present problem.

Regional Characterization of Tokyo Metoropolitan area using a highly-dense seismic netwok(MeSO-net)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hirata, N.; Nakagawa, S.; Sakai, S.; Panayotopoulos, Y.; Ishikawa, M.; Ishibe, T.; Kimura, H.; Honda, R.

2014-12-01

We have developed　a dense seismic network, MeSO-net (Metropolitan Seismic Observation network), since 2007 in the greater Tokyo urban region　under the Special Project for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in Tokyo Metropolitan Area (FY2007-FY2011) and Special Project for Reducing Vulnerability for Urban Mega Earthquake Disasters (FY2012-FY2016)( Hirata et al., 2009). So far we have acquired more than 120TB continuous seismic data form MeSO-net which consists of about 300 seismic stations. Using MeSO-net data, we obtain clear P- and S- wave velocity tomograms (Nakagawa et al., 2010) and Qp, Qs tomograms (Panayotopoulos et al., 2014) which show a clear image of Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) and PAcific Plate (PAP). A depth to the top of PSP, 20 to 30 km beneath northern part of Tokyo bay, is about 10 km shallower than previous estimates based on the distribution of seismicity (Ishida, 1992). This shallower plate geometry changes estimations of strong ground motion for seismic hazards analysis within the Tokyo region. Based on elastic wave velocities of rocks and minerals, we interpreted the tomographic images as petrologic images. Tomographic images revealed the presence of two stepwise velocity increase of the top layer of the subducting PSP slab. Because strength of the serpentinized peridotite is not large enough for brittle fracture, if the area is smaller than previously estimated, a possible area of the large thrust fault on the upper surface of PSP can be larger than previously thought. Change of seismicity rate after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake suggests change of stressing rate in greater Tokyo. Quantitative analysis of MeSO-net data shows significant increase of rate of earthquakes that have a fault orientation favorable to increasing Coulomb stress after the Tohoku-oki event.

Orbital Debris Shape Characterization Project Abstract

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pease, Jessie

2016-01-01

I have been working on a project to further our understanding of orbital debris by helping create a new dataset previously too complex to be implemented in past orbital debris propagation models. I am doing this by creating documentation and 3D examples and illustrations of the shape categories. Earlier models assumed all orbital debris to be spherical aluminum fragments. My project will help expand our knowledge of shape populations to 6 categories: Straight Needle/Rod/Cylinder, Bent Needle/Rod/Cylinder, Flat Plate, Bent Plate, Nugget/Parallelepiped/Spheroid, and Flexible. The last category, Flexible, is still up for discussion and may be modified. These categories will be used to characterize fragments in the DebriSat experiment.

The MeSO-net (Metropolitan Seismic Observation network) confronts the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake, Japan (Mw 9.0)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kasahara, K.; Nakagawa, S.; Sakai, S.; Nanjo, K.; Panayotopoulos, Y.; Morita, Y.; Tsuruoka, H.; Kurashimo, E.; Obara, K.; Hirata, N.; Aketagawa, T.; Kimura, H.

2011-12-01

On April 2007, we have launched the special project for earthquake disaster mitigation in the Tokyo Metropolitan area (Fiscal 2007-2011). As a part of this project, construction of the MeSO-net (Metropolitan Seismic Observation network) has been completed, with about 300 stations deployed at mainly elementary and junior-high schools with an interval of about 5 km in space. This results in a highly dense network that covers the metropolitan area. To achieve stable seismic observation with lower surface ground noise, relative to a measurement on the surface, sensors of all stations were installed in boreholes at a depth of about 20m. The sensors have a wide dynamic range (135dB) and a wide frequency band (DC to 80Hz). Data are digitized with 200Hz sampling and telemetered to the Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo. The MeSO-net that can detect and locate most earthquakes with magnitudes above 2.5 provides a unique baseline in scientific and engineering researches on the Tokyo metropolitan area, as follows. One of the main contributions is to greatly improve the image of the Philippine Sea plate (PSP) (Nakagawa et al., 2010) and provides an accurate estimation of the plate boundaries between the PSP and the Pacific plate, allowing us to possibly discuss clear understanding of the relation between the PSP deformation and M7+ intra-slab earthquake generation. Also, the latest version of the plate model in the metropolitan area, proposed by our project, attracts various researchers, comparing with highly-accurate solutions of fault mechanism, repeating earthquakes, etc. Moreover, long-periods ground motions generated by the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9.0) were observed by the MeSO-net and analyzed to obtain the Array Back-Projection Imaging of this event (Honda et al., 2011). As a result, the overall pattern of the imaged asperities coincides well with the slip distribution determined based on other waveform inversion methods. The data contributes to solve co-called "the problem of the Long-Period Ground Motion Hazard", an engineering problem about earthquake disaster prevention of city (Koketsu et al., 2008). Moreover we could understand the detailed distributions of dominant periods of H/V spectral ratios and ground responses excited in the metropolitan area (Tsuno et al., 2011). The overall results obtained under our project will contribute directly to the next assessment of the seismic hazard in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

Sinogram restoration for ultra-low-dose x-ray multi-slice helical CT by nonparametric regression

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Lu; Siddiqui, Khan; Zhu, Bin; Tao, Yang; Siegel, Eliot

2007-03-01

During the last decade, x-ray computed tomography (CT) has been applied to screen large asymptomatic smoking and nonsmoking populations for early lung cancer detection. Because a larger population will be involved in such screening exams, more and more attention has been paid to studying low-dose, even ultra-low-dose x-ray CT. However, reducing CT radiation exposure will increase noise level in the sinogram, thereby degrading the quality of reconstructed CT images as well as causing more streak artifacts near the apices of the lung. Thus, how to reduce the noise levels and streak artifacts in the low-dose CT images is becoming a meaningful topic. Since multi-slice helical CT has replaced conventional stop-and-shoot CT in many clinical applications, this research mainly focused on the noise reduction issue in multi-slice helical CT. The experiment data were provided by Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 16-Slice helical CT. It included both conventional CT data acquired under 120 kvp voltage and 119 mA current and ultra-low-dose CT data acquired under 120 kvp and 10 mA protocols. All other settings are the same as that of conventional CT. In this paper, a nonparametric smoothing method with thin plate smoothing splines and the roughness penalty was proposed to restore the ultra-low-dose CT raw data. Each projection frame was firstly divided into blocks, and then the 2D data in each block was fitted to a thin-plate smoothing splines' surface via minimizing a roughness-penalized least squares objective function. By doing so, the noise in each ultra-low-dose CT projection was reduced by leveraging the information contained not only within each individual projection profile, but also among nearby profiles. Finally the restored ultra-low-dose projection data were fed into standard filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm to reconstruct CT images. The rebuilt results as well as the comparison between proposed approach and traditional method were given in the results and discussions section, and showed effectiveness of proposed thin-plate based nonparametric regression method.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 8: Project analysis and integration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcguire, P.; Henry, P.

1986-01-01

Project Analysis and Integration (PA&I) performed planning and integration activities to support management of the various Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project R&D activities. Technical and economic goals were established by PA&I for each R&D task within the project to coordinate the thrust toward the National Photovoltaic Program goals. A sophisticated computer modeling capability was developed to assess technical progress toward meeting the economic goals. These models included a manufacturing facility simulation, a photovoltaic power station simulation and a decision aid model incorporating uncertainty. This family of analysis tools was used to track the progress of the technology and to explore the effects of alternative technical paths. Numerous studies conducted by PA&I signaled the achievement of milestones or were the foundation of major FSA project and national program decisions. The most important PA&I activities during the project history are summarized. The PA&I planning function is discussed and how it relates to project direction and important analytical models developed by PA&I for its analytical and assessment activities are reviewed.

Reduced dynamical model of the vibrations of a metal plate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moreno, D.; Barrientos, Bernardino; Perez-Lopez, Carlos; Mendoza-Santoyo, Fernando; Guerrero, J. A.; Funes, M.

2005-02-01

The Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method is applied to the vibrations analysis of a metal plate. The data obtained from the metal plate under vibrations were measured with a laser vibrometer. The metal plate was subject to vibrations with an electrodynamical shaker in a range of frequencies from 100 to 5000 Hz. The deformation measurements were taken on a quarter of the plate in a rectangular grid of 7 x 8 points. The plate deformation measurements were used to calculate the eigenfunctions and the eigenvalues. It was found that a large fraction of the total energy of the deformation is contained within the first six POD modes. The essential features of the deformation are thus described by only the six first eigenfunctions. A reduced order model for the dynamical behavior is then constructed using Galerkin projection of the equation of motion for the vertical displacement of a plate.

Plate Wave Resonance with Air-Coupled Ultrasonics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bar, H. N.; Dayal, V.; Barnard, D.; Hsu, D. K.

2010-02-01

Air-coupled ultrasonic transducers can excite plate waves in metals and composites. The coincidence effect, i.e., the wave vector of plate wave coincides with projection of exciting airborne sound vector, leads to a resonance which strongly amplifies the sound transmission through the plate. The resonance depends on the angle of incidence and the frequency. In the present study, the incidence angle for maximum transmission (θmax) is measured in plates of steel, aluminum, carbon fiber reinforced composites and honeycomb sandwich panels. The variations of (θmax) with plate thickness are compared with theoretical values in steel, aluminum and quasi-isotropic carbon fiber composites. The enhanced transmission of air-coupled ultrasound at oblique incidence can substantially improve the probability of flaw detection in plates and especially in honeycomb structures. Experimental air-coupled ultrasonic scan of subtle flaws in CFRP laminates showed definite improvement of signal-to-noise ratio with oblique incidence at θmax.

High-Repeatability, Robot Friendly, ORU Interface

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Voellmer, George M. (Inventor)

1992-01-01

A robot-friendly coupling device for an Orbital Replacement Unit (ORU). The invention will provide a coupling that is detached and attached remotely by a robot. The design of the coupling must allow for slight misalignments, over torque protection, and precision placement. This is accomplished by using of a triangular interface having three components. A base plate assembly is located on an attachment surface, such as a satellite. The base plate assembly has a cup member, a slotted member, and a post member. The ORU that the robot attaches to the base plate assembly has an ORU plate assembly with two cone members and a post member which mate to the base plate assembly. As the two plates approach one another, one cone member of the ORU plate assembly only has to be placed accurately enough to fall into the cup member of the base plate assembly. The cup forces alignment until a second cone falls into a slotted member which provides final alignment. A single bolt is used to attach the two plates. Two deflecting plates are attached to the backs of the plates. When pressure is applied to the center of the deflecting plates, the force is distributed preventing the ORU & base plates from deflecting. This accounts for precision in the placement of the article.

Environmental Assessment: Reevaluation of the Le Claire Base Construction Storage Yard, Le Claire, Iowa

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-01

RUYWAT~POF TU LZ CM AU1 CCRSTCTION STOIAGE YARD TS OF CONENT 3. Pupobe wA X 4 for Action EA- I 11. Project DescriptioO EA- 2 III. Alternatives EA- 4 IV...r W - - 3ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT REEVALUATION OF THE LE CLAIRE BASE CONSTRUCTION STORAGE YARD LE CLAIRE, IOWA I . PURPOSE AND NEED FOR...IDNR) boat ramp and the Corps storage yard will be relocated to the downstream (western) end of the new storage yard (see plate I ). The new road

Repair Plate Research Results Released

Treesearch

Tom McLain

1993-01-01

The Pallet and Container Research Laboratory, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, in cooperation with NWPCA and the Southern Research Station (USDA Forest Service), embarked on a research project two years ago to evaluate the use of metal connector plates (MCP) for the repair and reinforcement of stringer-class pallets. This article discusses the...

Industrial Processes to Reduce Generation of Hazardous Waste at DoD facilities. Phase 3 Report. Summary of Projects of Excellence Workshops

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-12-01

cation impurities from the plating solution and anodes to oxidize trivalent chromium to hexavalent chromium . Hexa- . valent chromium ions remain on the...corrosion, or to improve its engineering properties (harlness, durability, solderability, or frictional characteristics). Chromium ic used principally...facturing consists of machining the worn part or stripping a portion of the old plate, overplating it with a thick layer of chromium (hard chrome plating

Apparatus and method for explosive bonding to edge of flyer plate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bement, Laurence J. (Inventor); Kushnick, Anne C. (Inventor)

1991-01-01

The invention is an apparatus and a process for the explosive joining of a flyer plate and a base plate. The apparatus consists of a flyer plate positioned over a base plate. The flyer plate has a notch containing a filler material in intimate contact with the flyer plate. An adhesive means holds a ribbon explosive partially overlapping the notch in the flyer plate. A detonating means initiates the ribbon explosive that drives the flyer plate to accomplish a high velocity, angular collision between the mating surfaces. This collision creates surface melts and effacing bonding, resulting in electron sharing linkups between the plates. An unbonded tab fractures at a base of the notch leaving a bond to an edge of the attached flyer plate.

VoiLA: A multidisciplinary study of Volatile recycling in the Lesser Antilles Arc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Collier, J.; Blundy, J. D.; Goes, S. D. B.; Henstock, T.; Harmon, N.; Kendall, J. M.; Macpherson, C.; Rietbrock, A.; Rychert, C.; Van Hunen, J.; Wilkinson, J.; Wilson, M.

2017-12-01

Project VoiLA will address the role of volatiles in controlling geological processes at subduction zones. The study area was chosen as it subducts oceanic lithosphere formed at the slow-spreading Mid Atlantic Ridge. This should result in a different level and pattern of hydration to compare with subduction zones in the Pacific which consume oceanic lithosphere generated at faster spreading rates. In five project components, we will test (1) where volatiles are held within the incoming plate; (2) where they are transported and released below the arc; (3) how the volatile distribution and pathways relate to the construction of the arc; and (4) their relationship to seismic and volcanic hazards and the fractionation of economic metals. Finally, (5) the behaviour of the Lesser Antilles arc will be compared with that of other well-studied systems to improve our wider understanding of the role of water in subduction processes. To address these questions the project will combine seismology; petrology and numerical modelling of wedge dynamics and its consequences on dehydration and melting. So-far island-based fieldwork has included mantle xenolith collection and installation of a temporary seismometer network. In 2016 and 2017 we conducted cruises onboard the RRS James Cook that collected a network of passive-recording and active-recording ocean-bottom seismometer data within the back-arc, fore-arc and incoming plate region. A total of 175 deployments and recoveries were made with the loss of only 6 stations. The presentation will present preliminary results from the project.

Architectural Blueprint for Plate Boundary Observatories based on interoperable Data Management Platforms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kerschke, D. I.; Häner, R.; Schurr, B.; Oncken, O.; Wächter, J.

2014-12-01

Interoperable data management platforms play an increasing role in the advancement of knowledge and technology in many scientific disciplines. Through high quality services they support the establishment of efficient and innovative research environments. Well-designed research environments can facilitate the sustainable utilization, exchange, and re-use of scientific data and functionality by using standardized community models. Together with innovative 3D/4D visualization, these concepts provide added value in improving scientific knowledge-gain, even across the boundaries of disciplines. A project benefiting from the added value is the Integrated Plate boundary Observatory in Chile (IPOC). IPOC is a European-South American network to study earthquakes and deformation at the Chilean continental margin and to monitor the plate boundary system for capturing an anticipated great earthquake in a seismic gap. In contrast to conventional observatories that monitor individual signals only, IPOC captures a large range of different processes through various observation methods (e.g., seismographs, GPS, magneto-telluric sensors, creep-meter, accelerometer, InSAR). For IPOC a conceptual design has been devised that comprises an architectural blueprint for a data management platform based on common and standardized data models, protocols, and encodings as well as on an exclusive use of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) including visualization components. Following the principles of event-driven service-oriented architectures, the design enables novel processes by sharing and re-using functionality and information on the basis of innovative data mining and data fusion technologies. This platform can help to improve the understanding of the physical processes underlying plate deformations as well as the natural hazards induced by them. Through the use of standards, this blueprint can not only be facilitated for other plate observing systems (e.g., the European Plate Observing System EPOS), it also supports integrated approaches to include sensor networks that provide complementary processes for dynamic monitoring. Moreover, the integration of such observatories into superordinate research infrastructures (federation of virtual observatories) will be enabled.

Plate motions and deformations from geologic and geodetic data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jordan, T. H.

1986-01-01

Research effort on behalf of the Crustal Dynamics Project focused on the development of methodologies suitable for the analysis of space-geodetic data sets for the estimation of crustal motions, in conjunction with results derived from land-based geodetic data, neo-tectonic studies, and other geophysical data. These methodologies were used to provide estimates of both global plate motions and intraplate deformation in the western U.S. Results from the satellite ranging experiment for the rate of change of the baseline length between San Diego and Quincy, California indicated that relative motion between the North American and Pacific plates over the course of the observing period during 1972 to 1982 were consistent with estimates calculated from geologic data averaged over the past few million years. This result, when combined with other kinematic constraints on western U.S. deformation derived from land-based geodesy, neo-tectonic studies, and other geophysical data, places limits on the possible extension of the Basin and Range province, and implies significant deformation is occurring west of the San Andreas fault. A new methodology was developed to analyze vector-position space-geodetic data to provide estimates of relative vector motions of the observing sites. The algorithm is suitable for the reduction of large, inhomogeneous data sets, and takes into account the full position covariances, errors due to poorly resolved Earth orientation parameters and vertical positions, and reduces baises due to inhomogeneous sampling of the data. This methodology was applied to the problem of estimating the rate-scaling parameter of a global plate tectonic model using satellite laser ranging observations over a five-year interval. The results indicate that the mean rate of global plate motions for that interval are consistent with those averaged over several million years, and are not consistent with quiescent or greatly accelerated plate motions. This methodology was also used to provide constraints on deformation in the western U.S. using very long baseline interferometry observations over a two-year period.

Summary of flat-plate solar array project documentation: Abstracts of published documents, 1975-1986, revision 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, M. J.

1986-01-01

Abstracts of final reports, or the latest quarterly or annual, of the Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project Contractor of Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in-house activities are presented. Also presented is a list of proceedings and publications, by author, of work connected with the project. The aim of the program has been to stimulate the development of technology that will enable the private sector to manufacture and widely use photovoltaic systems for the generation of electricity in residential, commercial, industrial, and Government applications at a cost per watt that is competitive with utility generated power. FSA Project activities have included the sponsoring of research and development efforts in silicon refinement processes, advanced silicon sheet growth techniques, higher efficiency solar cells, solar cell/module fabrication processes, encapsulation, module/array engineering and reliability, and economic analyses.

Virtual Research Expeditions along Plate Margins: Examples from an Online Oceanography Course

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reed, D. L.; Moore, G. F.; Bangs, N. L.; Tobin, H. J.

2010-12-01

An undergraduate online course in oceanography is based on the participation of each student in a series of virtual, at-sea, research expeditions, two of which are used to examine the tectonic processes at plate boundaries. The objective is to leverage the results of major federal research initiatives in the ocean sciences into effective learning tools with a long lifespan for use in undergraduate geoscience courses. These web-based expeditions examine: (1) hydrothermal vents along the divergent plate boundary at the Explorer Ridge and (2) the convergent plate boundary fault along the Nankai Trough, which is the objective of the multi-year NanTroSEIZE drilling program. Here we focus on the convergent plate boundary in NanTroSEIZE 3-D, which is based on a seismic survey supported through NSF-MARGINS, IODP and CDEX in Japan to study the properties of the plate boundary fault system in the upper limit of the seismogenic zone off Japan. The virtual voyage can be used in undergraduate classes at anytime, since it is not directly tied to the finite duration of a specific seagoing project, and comes in two versions, one that is being used in geoscience major courses and the other in non-major courses, such as the oceanography course mentioned above and a lower-division global studies course with a science emphasis. NanTroSEIZE in 3-D places undergraduate learning in an experiential framework as students participate on the expedition and carry out research on the structure of the plate boundary fault. Students learn the scientific background of the program, especially the critical role of international collaboration, and meet the chief scientists before joining the 3-D seismic imaging expedition to identify the active faults that were the likely sources of devastating earthquakes and tsunamis in Japan in 1944 and 1948. The initial results of phase I ODP drilling that began in 2007 are also reviewed. Students document their research on a worksheet that accompanies the expedition, interpret a slice through the 3-D seismic volume, and compose an “AGU-style” abstract summarizing their work, which is submitted to the instructor for review. NanTroSEIZE in 3-D is openly available and can be accessed through the MARGINS Mini-lesson section of the Science Education Resource Center (SERC).

Unconventional Staging Package Selection Leads to Cost Savings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

,

2012-06-07

In late 2010, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Deputy Secretary of Energy, Daniel Poneman, directed that an analysis be conducted on the U-233 steel-clad, Zero Power Reactor (ZPR) fuel plates that were stored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), focusing on cost savings and any potential DOE programmatic needs for the special nuclear material (SNM). The NA-162 Nuclear Criticality Safety Program requested retention of these fuel plates for use in experiments at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS). A Secretarial Initiative challenged ORNL to make the first shipment to the NNSS by the end of the 2011 calendar year, andmore » this effort became known as the U-233 Project Accelerated Shipping Campaign. To meet the Secretarial Initiative, National Security Technologies, LLC (NSTec), the NNSS Management and Operations contractor, was asked to facilitate the receipt and staging of the U-233 fuel plates in the Device Assembly Facility (DAF). Because there were insufficient staging containers available for the fuel plates, NSTec conducted an analysis of alternatives. The project required a staging method that would reduce the staging footprint while addressing nuclear criticality safety and radiation exposure concerns. To accommodate an intermediate staging method of approximately five years, the NSTec project team determined that a unique and unconventional staging package, the AT-400R, was available to meet the project requirements. By using the AT-400R containers, NSTec was able to realize a cost savings of approximately $10K per container, a total cost savings of nearly $450K.« less

New seismic images of the crust across the Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block (Mexico)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cordoba, Diego; Núñez-Cornú, Francisco Javier; Bartolomé, Rafael; José Dañobeitia, Juan; Bandy, William Lee; Núñez, Diana; Prada, Manel; Escudero-Ayala, Christian; Espíndola, Juan Manuel; Zamora, Araceli; Gómez, Adán; Ortiz, Modesto; Tsujal Working Group

2015-04-01

During the spring and summer of 2014, we achieved an extensive offshore geophysical experiment at West Coast of México entitled "Crustal characterization of the Rivera Plate-Jalisco Block boundary and its implications for seismic and tsunami hazard assessment (TSUJAL)". The project is the result of continuous scientific collaboration between institutions in Mexico and Spain, whose main objective is to study the lithospheric structure at the collision zone between Rivera, North America Plates and the Jalisco Block, and identifying submarine structures which can potentially be tsunamigenic sources The active phase of this project carried out in February and March of 2014, we acquired around 5200 km of Multichannel Seismic Reflection (MCS) together with multibeam bathymetry and potential fields (gravity and magnetism) data. Moreover, a wide angle experiment was performed, deploying 16 OBS in 32 locations in Jalisco and Nayarit offshore regions, also recorded on a terrestrial network of 100 portable seismic stations in 240 locations across 5 seismic profiles of 200-300 km in length combined with the Seismological Network of the State of Jalisco (SisVOc). In addition, 8 land seismic stations were installed in Marías Islands and Isabel Island. These instruments registered, in continuous mode, the airgun shots generated by airgun array of 5800 ci, shooting every 120 s. The UK vessel RRS James Cook participated in this project as a part of the exchange program between Spanish and English scientific vessels, she was responsible of marine seismic experiment (MCS & WA) using a 6 km length streamer and a high capacity airgun array. Furthermore, the ARM Holzinger and RV El Puma participated in this project and were provided by the Mexican Navy and UNAM, respectively. The second phase of this project was achieved in June 2014, where 100 short period seismic stations were installed along a 200 km seismic profile from La Caldera de la Primavera (Guadalajara) to Barra de Navidad (Jalisco coast).These instruments registered 3 borehole explosions of 1000 kg specially made for this project, in the northern, central and southern parts of this profile. These new data provide a dense sampling of tectonic plates, W Mexico, and give new seismic constraints on the deformation along and across the subduction zone, accretionary wedge size, at contact between Rivera and North American Plates and, in the transition zone between oceanic and continental crust.

On averaging aspect ratios and distortion parameters over ice crystal population ensembles for estimating effective scattering asymmetry parameters

PubMed Central

van Diedenhoven, Bastiaan; Ackerman, Andrew S.; Fridlind, Ann M.; Cairns, Brian

2017-01-01

The use of ensemble-average values of aspect ratio and distortion parameter of hexagonal ice prisms for the estimation of ensemble-average scattering asymmetry parameters is evaluated. Using crystal aspect ratios greater than unity generally leads to ensemble-average values of aspect ratio that are inconsistent with the ensemble-average asymmetry parameters. When a definition of aspect ratio is used that limits the aspect ratio to below unity (α≤1) for both hexagonal plates and columns, the effective asymmetry parameters calculated using ensemble-average aspect ratios are generally consistent with ensemble-average asymmetry parameters, especially if aspect ratios are geometrically averaged. Ensemble-average distortion parameters generally also yield effective asymmetry parameters that are largely consistent with ensemble-average asymmetry parameters. In the case of mixtures of plates and columns, it is recommended to geometrically average the α≤1 aspect ratios and to subsequently calculate the effective asymmetry parameter using a column or plate geometry when the contribution by columns to a given mixture’s total projected area is greater or lower than 50%, respectively. In addition, we show that ensemble-average aspect ratios, distortion parameters and asymmetry parameters can generally be retrieved accurately from simulated multi-directional polarization measurements based on mixtures of varying columns and plates. However, such retrievals tend to be somewhat biased toward yielding column-like aspect ratios. Furthermore, generally large retrieval errors can occur for mixtures with approximately equal contributions of columns and plates and for ensembles with strong contributions of thin plates. PMID:28983127

Piezoelectric film load cell robot collision detector

DOEpatents

Lembke, J.R.

1988-03-15

A piezoelectric load cell which can be utilized for detecting collisions and obstruction of a robot arm end effector includes a force sensing element of metallized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film. The piezoelectric film sensing element and a resilient support pad are clamped in compression between upper and lower plates. The lower plate has a central recess in its upper face for supporting the support pad and sensing element, while the upper plate has a corresponding central projection formed on its lower face for bearing on the sensing element and support pad. The upper and lower plates are dowelled together for concentric alignment and screwed together. The upper and lower plates are also adapted for mounting between the robot arm wrist and end effector. 3 figs.

Piezoelectric film load cell robot collision detector

DOEpatents

Lembke, John R.

1989-04-18

A piezoelectric load cell which can be utilized for detecting collisions and obstruction of a robot arm end effector includes a force sensing element of metallized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film. The piezoelectric film sensing element and a resilient support pad are clamped in compression between upper and lower plates. The lower plate has a central recess in its upper face for supporting the support pad and sensing element, while the upper plate has a corresponding central projection formed on its lower face for bearing on the sensing element and support pad. The upper and lower plates are dowelled together for concentric alignment and screwed together. The upper and lower plates are also adapted for mounting between the robot arm wrist and end effector.

Piezoelectric film load cell robot collision detector

DOEpatents

Lembke, J.R.

1989-04-18

A piezoelectric load cell which can be utilized for detecting collisions and obstruction of a robot arm end effector includes a force sensing element of metallized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film. The piezoelectric film sensing element and a resilient support pad are clamped in compression between upper and lower plates. The lower plate has a central recess in its upper face for supporting the support pad and sensing element, while the upper plate has a corresponding central projection formed on its lower face for bearing on the sensing element and support pad. The upper and lower plates are doweled together for concentric alignment and screwed together. The upper and lower plates are also adapted for mounting between the robot arm wrist and end effector. 3 figs.

Development of a Rolling Process Design Tool for Use in Improving Hot Roll Slab Recovery

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Couch, R; Becker, R; Rhee, M

2004-09-24

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory participated in a U. S. Department of Energy/Office of Industrial Technology sponsored research project 'Development of a Rolling Process Design Tool for Use in Improving Hot Roll Slab Recovery', as a Cooperative Agreement TC-02028 with the Alcoa Technical Center (ATC). The objective of the joint project with Alcoa is to develop a numerical modeling capability to optimize the hot rolling process used to produce aluminum plate. Product lost in the rolling process and subsequent recycling, wastes resources consumed in the energy-intensive steps of remelting and reprocessing the ingot. The modeling capability developed by project partners willmore » be used to produce plate more efficiently and with reduced product loss.« less

Phenomena after meteoroid penetration of a bumper plate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Todd, F. C.

1972-01-01

The results are presented of a study to obtain a computer program for the penetration of a thin plate of aluminum by a sphere of rock. The study was divided into two projects. One project covers the initial impact, the crushing of the sphere of rock, the break up of the aluminum sheet, and the conversion of the sufficiently shock-compressed regions of rock and aluminum into a plasma. The other project considers the ejection of a cone of plasma with entrained particles from the impact zone, its expansion as it traverses a region of free space, and its impact on a stack of paper sheets. The ablation of fragments in penetrating the stack of paper sheets is also considered.

High Reliability Robot Friendly ORU Interface

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Voellmer, George M. (Inventor)

1991-01-01

Presented here is a robot friendly coupling device for an orbital replacement unit (ORU). The invention will provide a coupling that is detached and attached remotely by a robot. The design of the coupling must allow for slight misalignments, over-torque protection, and precision placement. This is accomplished by means of a triangular interface comprising three components. A base plate assembly is located on an attachment surface, such as a satellite. The base plate assembly has a cup member, a slotted member, and a post member. The ORU that the robot attaches to the base plate assembly has an ORU plate assembly with two cone members and a post member which mate to the base plate assembly. As the two plates approach one another, one cone member of the ORU plate assembly has to be placed accurately enough to fall into the cup member of the base plate assembly. The cup member forces alignment until a second cone falls into a slotted member which provides final alignment. A single bolt is used to attach the two plates. Two deflecting plates are attached to the backs of the plates. When pressure is applied to the center of the deflecting plates, the force is distributed preventing the ORU and base plates from deflecting. This accounts for precision in the placement of the article. The novelty is believed to reside in using deflecting plates in conjunction with kinematic mounts to provide distributed forces to the two members.

Project Cheesebox: a Journey into History. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-12-01

china and drapes . 89 In addition, the builders were also to provide "masts, spars, sails and rigging of sufficient dimensions to drive the vessel...plate iron 3/8 innh thick with a 4 inch angle iron rivetted at the top extending all round the vessel. A plate iron armour 5 feet deep, 6 inches...thick is firmly bolted to the outside of the wooden bulwark extending all round the upper vessel. This armour is composed of six thicknesses of plate

Flood Control Project Lac Qui Parle, Emergency Plan

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

elevation of the breach (924.0 as shown in Table 1), is approximately 22.2 feet. The value of the envelope curve shown on Plate D-10 for a hydraulic...approximately 83% of the computed maximum outflow. Several failure scenarios for Lac qui Parle Dam were studied. The case of failure concurrent with a PKF ...discharge would plot very close to Lac qui Parle in Plate D-10. Plate D-10 shows that the value of the envelope curve for a hydraulic depth of 18.8 feet

Reconnaissance and recovery of the brighter asteroids. Brief summary of the entire project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edmonson, F. K.; Wood, H. J.

1982-01-01

An inexpensive method of baking large (8- by 10-inch) IIIa-J plates in 2 percent forming gas was found and successfully tested. The large storage capacity and fine grain structure of the emulsion made the sky fog negligible on plates of one-hour exposure at Link. Plates were taken through the end of October 18, 1981 on various asteroids from the recent critical lists published in the Minor Planet Circulars and the Russian Ephemeris of Minor Planets.

Improved Thermal-Vacuum Compatible Flat Plate Radiometric Souce for System-Level Testing of Optical Sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schwarz, Mark A.; Kent, Craig J.; Bousquet, Robert; Brown, Steven W.

2015-01-01

This work describes the development of an improved vacuum compatible flat plate radiometric source used for characterizing and calibrating remote optical sensors, in situ, throughout their testing period. The original flat plate radiometric source was developed for use by the VIIRS instrument during the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP). Following this effort, the FPI has had significant upgrades in order to improve both the radiometric throughput and uniformity. Results of the VIIRS testing with the reconfigured FPI are reported and discussed.

Stochastic modelling of a large subduction interface earthquake in Wellington, New Zealand

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Francois-Holden, C.; Zhao, J.

2012-12-01

The Wellington region, home of New Zealand's capital city, is cut by a number of major right-lateral strike slip faults, and is underlain by the currently locked west-dipping subduction interface between the down going Pacific Plate, and the over-riding Australian Plate. A potential cause of significant earthquake loss in the Wellington region is a large magnitude (perhaps 8+) "subduction earthquake" on the Australia-Pacific plate interface, which lies ~23 km beneath Wellington City. "It's Our Fault" is a project involving a comprehensive study of Wellington's earthquake risk. Its objective is to position Wellington city to become more resilient, through an encompassing study of the likelihood of large earthquakes, and the effects and impacts of these earthquakes on humans and the built environment. As part of the "It's Our Fault" project, we are working on estimating ground motions from potential large plate boundary earthquakes. We present the latest results on ground motion simulations in terms of response spectra and acceleration time histories. First we characterise the potential interface rupture area based on previous geodetically-derived estimates interface of slip deficit. Then, we entertain a suitable range of source parameters, including various rupture areas, moment magnitudes, stress drops, slip distributions and rupture propagation directions. Our comprehensive study also includes simulations from historical large world subduction events translated into the New Zealand subduction context, such as the 2003 M8.3 Tokachi-Oki Japan earthquake and the M8.8 2010 Chili earthquake. To model synthetic seismograms and the corresponding response spectra we employed the EXSIM code developed by Atkinson et al. (2009), with a regional attenuation model based on the 3D attenuation model for the lower North-Island which has been developed by Eberhart-Phillips et al. (2005). The resulting rupture scenarios all produce long duration shaking, and peak ground accelerations that, typically range between 0.2-0.7 g in Wellington city. Many of these scenarios also produce long period motions that are currently not captured by the current NZ design spectra.

On the rotation and pitching of flat plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jin, Yaqing; Ji, Sheng; Chamorro, Leonardo P.

2016-11-01

Wind tunnel experiments were performed to characterize the flow-induced rotation and pitching of various flat plates as a function of the thickness ratio, the location of the axis of rotation and turbulence levels. High-resolution telemetry, laser tachometer, and hotwire were used to get time series of the plates motions and the signature of the wake flow at a specific location. Results show that a minor axis offset can induce high-order modes in the plate rotation under low turbulence due to torque unbalance. The spectral decomposition of the flow velocity in the plate wake reveals the existence of a dominating high-frequency mode that corresponds to a static-like vortex shedding occurring at the maximum plate pitch, where the characteristic length scale is the projected width at maximum pitch. The plate thickness ratio shows inverse relation with the angular velocity. A simple model is derived to explain the linear relation between pitching frequency and wind speed. The spectra of the plate rotation show nonlinear relation with the incoming turbulence, and the dominating role of the generated vortices in the plate motions.

Proceedings of the 24th Project Integration Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tustin, D.

1984-01-01

Progress made by the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project is described. Reports on silicon sheet growth and characterization, silicon material, process development, high-efficiency cells, environmental isolation, engineering sciences, and reliability physics are presented along with copies of visual presentations made at the 24th Project Integration Meeting.

Parametric Fin-Body and Fin-Plate Database for a Series of 12 Missile Fins

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, Jerry M.

2001-01-01

A cooperative experimental investigation has been performed to obtain a systematic fin-body and fin-plate database for a series of 12 missile fins. These data are intended to complement and extend the information contained in the Triservice missile project and to provide a systematic set of experimental data from which fin-body interference factors can be derived. Data were obtained with the fins mounted on both an axisymmetric body and on a flat plate that was used to simulate fin-alone measurements. The experiments were conducted at Mach numbers from 0.60 to 3.95; fin deflection angles of 0 deg, 10 deg, and -10 deg; and angles of attack up to 30 deg on the body and up to 95 deg on the flat plate. The data were obtained from three-component balances attached to the fins and a six-component balance located in the axisymmetric body. The data obtained in this project are documented in tabular form in this report. In addition, selected data are presented in graphical form to illustrate the effects of the test variables. These variables are configuration angle of attack; Mach number; and fin parameters of deflection angle, planform size, taper ratio, and aspect ratio. A very limited comparison with the Triservice missile data is made to illustrate the consistency between the data from these two projects.

Aluminum and chromium ion particle studies for enhancement of surface properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

An experimental project was undertaken which produced ion plated coatings on steel substrates. About twenty tensile samples of 4340 steel were ion plated in the Denton system with aluminum using resistance heating evaporation boats. In the V.T.A. 7375 system, ten samples were chromium ion plated; four on 4340 steel disks and the other six onto 440-C stainless steel rods for roller bearing wear improvement testing. Each of the samples was plated on a separate run to correlate the film parameters with the run parameters. Some of the chromium literature was reviewed, and improvements to the vacuum system were made.

Mechanical design of multiple zone plates precision alignment apparatus for hard X-ray focusing in twenty-nanometer scale

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shu, Deming; Liu, Jie; Gleber, Sophie C.

An enhanced mechanical design of multiple zone plates precision alignment apparatus for hard x-ray focusing in a twenty-nanometer scale is provided. The precision alignment apparatus includes a zone plate alignment base frame; a plurality of zone plates; and a plurality of zone plate holders, each said zone plate holder for mounting and aligning a respective zone plate for hard x-ray focusing. At least one respective positioning stage drives and positions each respective zone plate holder. Each respective positioning stage is mounted on the zone plate alignment base frame. A respective linkage component connects each respective positioning stage and the respectivemore » zone plate holder. The zone plate alignment base frame, each zone plate holder and each linkage component is formed of a selected material for providing thermal expansion stability and positioning stability for the precision alignment apparatus.« less

Time Domain Astronomy with the Harvard Plates: from Cepheids to DASCH

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grindlay, Jonathan E.

2014-06-01

The ~500,000 Harvard glass plate photographic negatives are the world’s largest and most complete (full sky; 107y time span) database for Time Domain Astronomy (TDA) on days-months-decades to century timescales. With plate fields of view ranging from 3o - 30o exposed quasi-randomly full sky from 1885 - 1992, any object is observed ~1000 - 3000 times, with limiting magnitudes ranging from B =12-18. I briefly review some of the colorful history of this massive plate-taking project and a few of the pivotal discoveries (e.g. the “Leavitt Law” for the Cepheid Period-Luminosity relation) made by visual studies of the plates by the true TDA pioneers, the likely <300 different visual users of the plates. I then describe our Digital Access to a Sky Century @ Harvard (DASCH) project to fully digitize and reduce this wealth of data 1 Pb) and provide it on spinning disk to the full astronomical community and public. Using the full-sky APASS catalog giving BVR magnitudes (for V ~9-17) as well as GSC2.3.2 for both fainter and brighter stars, DASCH does spatially resolved (0.25o -0.6o bins) photometric calibrations to derive B magnitudes with rm 0.1mag over the full plate and over the (typically) ~6-8 different principal plate series (telescopes and plate scales) covering any given object, along with ~0.3-1 arcsec astrometry (depending on plate scale) for each stellar object averaged over ~1year. The high speed/precision scanner, plate processing, and analysis pipeline have now enabled the first data releases (DR1-DR3) of 12 to cover full sky and already enabled a wealth of new discoveries. I describe a few examples, such as: K2III giants with decadal variations; a new class of Symbiotic novae; ~50-100y recurrence times for black hole X-ray binary outbursts; and QPOs from 3C273. The DASCH data are increasingly available 15% now; 100% in 3.5y) for TDA on largely unexplored timescales. We are grateful to NSF for support with grants AST-0407380, AST-0909073 and AST-1313370.

Cryogenically cooled detector pin mount

DOEpatents

Hunt, Jr., William E; Chrisp, Michael P

2014-06-03

A focal plane assembly facilitates a molybdenum base plate being mounted to another plate made from aluminum. The molybdenum pin is an interference fit (press fit) in the aluminum base plate. An annular cut out area in the base plate forms two annular flexures.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 1: Executive summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callaghan, W.; Mcdonald, R.

1986-01-01

In 1975, the U.S. Government contracted the Jet Propulsion Lab. to develop, by 1985, in conjunction with industry, the photovoltaics (PV) module and array technology required for widespread use of photovoltaics as a significant terrestrial energy source. As a result, a project that eventually became known as the Flat Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project was formed to manage an industry, university, and Government team to perform the necessary research and development. The original goals were to achieve widespread commercial use of PV modules and arrays through the development of technology that would allow them to be profitably sold for $1.07/peak watts (1985 dollars). A 10% module conversion efficiency and a 20 year lifetime were also goals. It is intended that the executive summary provide the means by which one can gain a perspective on 11 years of terrestrial photovoltaic research and development conducted by the FSA Project.

The 19th Project Integration Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcdonald, R. R.

1981-01-01

The Flat-Plate Solar Array Project is described. Project analysis and integration is discussed. Technology research in silicon material, large-area silicon sheet and environmental isolation; cell and module formation; engineering sciences, and module performance and failure analysis. It includes a report on, and copies of visual presentations made at, the 19th Project Integration Meeting held at Pasadena, California, on November 11, 1981.

Multiple internal seal right micro-electro-mechanical system vacuum package

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean V. (Inventor); Hayworth, Ken J. (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor); Bae, Youngsam (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Peay, Chris S. (Inventor)

2007-01-01

A Multiple Internal Seal Ring (MISR) Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) vacuum package that hermetically seals MEMS devices using MISR. The method bonds a capping plate having metal seal rings to a base plate having metal seal rings by wafer bonding the capping plate wafer to the base plate wafer. Bulk electrodes may be used to provide conductive paths between the seal rings on the base plate and the capping plate. All seals are made using only metal-to-metal seal rings deposited on the polished surfaces of the base plate and capping plate wafers. However, multiple electrical feed-through metal traces are provided by fabricating via holes through the capping plate for electrical connection from the outside of the package through the via-holes to the inside of the package. Each metal seal ring serves the dual purposes of hermetic sealing and providing the electrical feed-through metal trace.

Multiple internal seal ring micro-electro-mechanical system vacuum packaging method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hayworth, Ken J. (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor); Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Bae, Youngsam (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean V. (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Peay, Chris S. (Inventor)

2008-01-01

A Multiple Internal Seal Ring (MISR) Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) vacuum packaging method that hermetically seals MEMS devices using MISR. The method bonds a capping plate having metal seal rings to a base plate having metal seal rings by wafer bonding the capping plate wafer to the base plate wafer. Bulk electrodes may be used to provide conductive paths between the seal rings on the base plate and the capping plate. All seals are made using only metal-to-metal seal rings deposited on the polished surfaces of the base plate and capping plate wafers. However, multiple electrical feed-through metal traces are provided by fabricating via holes through the capping plate for electrical connection from the outside of the package through the via-holes to the inside of the package. Each metal seal ring serves the dual purposes of hermetic sealing and providing the electrical feed-through metal trace.

PLATE WAVE RESONANCE WITH AIR-COUPLED ULTRASONICS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bar, H. N.; Dayal, V.; Barnard, D.

2010-02-22

Air-coupled ultrasonic transducers can excite plate waves in metals and composites. The coincidence effect, i.e., the wave vector of plate wave coincides with projection of exciting airborne sound vector, leads to a resonance which strongly amplifies the sound transmission through the plate. The resonance depends on the angle of incidence and the frequency. In the present study, the incidence angle for maximum transmission (theta{sub max}) is measured in plates of steel, aluminum, carbon fiber reinforced composites and honeycomb sandwich panels. The variations of (theta{sub max}) with plate thickness are compared with theoretical values in steel, aluminum and quasi-isotropic carbon fibermore » composites. The enhanced transmission of air-coupled ultrasound at oblique incidence can substantially improve the probability of flaw detection in plates and especially in honeycomb structures. Experimental air-coupled ultrasonic scan of subtle flaws in CFRP laminates showed definite improvement of signal-to-noise ratio with oblique incidence at theta{sub max}.« less

Diagnostics and Active Control of Aircraft Interior Noise

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fuller, C. R.

1998-01-01

This project deals with developing advanced methods for investigating and controlling interior noise in aircraft. The work concentrates on developing and applying the techniques of Near Field Acoustic Holography (NAH) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the aircraft interior noise dynamic problem. This involves investigating the current state of the art, developing new techniques and then applying them to the particular problem being studied. The knowledge gained under the first part of the project was then used to develop and apply new, advanced noise control techniques for reducing interior noise. A new fully active control approach based on the PCA was developed and implemented on a test cylinder. Finally an active-passive approach based on tunable vibration absorbers was to be developed and analytically applied to a range of test structures from simple plates to aircraft fuselages.

ORION Project-(SPLASH) Structural Passive Landing Attenuation fo

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-07-12

ORION Project-(SPLASH) Structural Passive Landing Attenuation for Survivability of Human Crew (BTA) Boiler Plate Test Article Water Impact Test-Pot Phase"0" Test Tested at the Hydro Impact Basin at the Landing and Impact Research Facility (Gantry)

CAPSULE REPORT: HARD CHROME FUME SUPPRESSANTS & CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES

EPA Science Inventory

All existing information which includes the information extrapolated from the Hard Chrome Pollution Prevention Demonstration Project(s) and other sources derived from plating facilities and industry contacts, will be condensed and featured in this document. At least five chromium...

Dielectric-Particle Injector For Processing Of Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Leung, Philip L.; Gabriel, Stephen B.

1992-01-01

Device generates electrically charged particles of solid, or droplets of liquid, fabricated from dielectric material and projects them electrostatically, possibly injecting them into electrostatic-levitation chamber for containerless processing. Dielectric-particle or -droplet injector charges dielectric particles or droplets on zinc plate with photo-electrons generated by ultraviolet illumination, then ejects charged particles or droplets electrostatically from plate.

High spatial resolution detection of low-energy electrons using an event-counting method, application to point projection microscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salançon, Evelyne; Degiovanni, Alain; Lapena, Laurent; Morin, Roger

2018-04-01

An event-counting method using a two-microchannel plate stack in a low-energy electron point projection microscope is implemented. 15 μm detector spatial resolution, i.e., the distance between first-neighbor microchannels, is demonstrated. This leads to a 7 times better microscope resolution. Compared to previous work with neutrons [Tremsin et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 592, 374 (2008)], the large number of detection events achieved with electrons shows that the local response of the detector is mainly governed by the angle between the hexagonal structures of the two microchannel plates. Using this method in point projection microscopy offers the prospect of working with a greater source-object distance (350 nm instead of 50 nm), advancing toward atomic resolution.

Shear wave velocity structure in the lithosphere and asthenosphere across the Southern California continent and Pacific plate margin using inversion of Rayleigh wave data from the ALBACORE project.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Price, A. C.; Weeraratne, D. S.; Kohler, M. D.; Rathnayaka, S.; Escobar, L., Sr.

2015-12-01

The North American and Pacific plate boundary is a unique example of past subduction of an oceanic spreading center which has involved oceanic plate capture and inception of a continental transform boundary that juxtaposes continental and oceanic lithosphere on a single plate. The amphibious ALBACORE seismic project (Asthenospheric and Lithospheric Broadband Architecture from the California Offshore Region Experiment) deployed 34 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) on 15-35 Ma seafloor and offers a unique opportunity to compare the LAB in continental and oceanic lithosphere in one seismic study. Rayleigh waves were recorded simultaneously by our offshore array and 82 CISN network land stations from 2010-2011. Here we predict phase velocities for a starting shear wave velocity model for each of 5 regions in our study area and compare to observed phase velocities from our array in a least-squares sense that produces the best fit 1-D shear wave velocity structure for each region. Preliminary results for the deep ocean (seafloor 25-32 Ma) indicates high velocities reaching 4.5 km/s at depths of 50 km associated with the lithosphere for seafloor 25-32 Ma. A negative velocity gradient is observed below this which reaches a minimum of 4.0 km/s at 160 km depth. The mid-ocean region (age 13-25 Ma) indicates a slightly lower magnitude and shallower LVZ. The Inner Borderland displays the highest lithospheric velocities offshore reaching 4.8 km/s at 40 km depth indicating underplating. The base of the LVZ in the Borderland increases sharply from 4.0 km/s to 4.5 km/s at 80-150 km depth indicating partial melt and compositional changes. The LVZ displays a very gradual positive velocity gradient in all other regions such as the deep seafloor and continent reaching 4.5 km/s at 300 km depth. The deep ocean, Borderlands, and continental region each have unique lithospheric velocities, LAB depths, and LVZ character that indicate stark differences in mantle structure that occur on a single plate as well as across the continental margin.

The high throughput biomedicine unit at the institute for molecular medicine Finland: high throughput screening meets precision medicine.

PubMed

Pietiainen, Vilja; Saarela, Jani; von Schantz, Carina; Turunen, Laura; Ostling, Paivi; Wennerberg, Krister

2014-05-01

The High Throughput Biomedicine (HTB) unit at the Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM was established in 2010 to serve as a national and international academic screening unit providing access to state of the art instrumentation for chemical and RNAi-based high throughput screening. The initial focus of the unit was multiwell plate based chemical screening and high content microarray-based siRNA screening. However, over the first four years of operation, the unit has moved to a more flexible service platform where both chemical and siRNA screening is performed at different scales primarily in multiwell plate-based assays with a wide range of readout possibilities with a focus on ultraminiaturization to allow for affordable screening for the academic users. In addition to high throughput screening, the equipment of the unit is also used to support miniaturized, multiplexed and high throughput applications for other types of research such as genomics, sequencing and biobanking operations. Importantly, with the translational research goals at FIMM, an increasing part of the operations at the HTB unit is being focused on high throughput systems biological platforms for functional profiling of patient cells in personalized and precision medicine projects.

Investigation on the effect of MR elastomer based adaptive vibration absorbers on the radiated sound from circular elastic plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hemmatian, M.; Sedaghati, R.

2016-04-01

This study aims to investigate the effect of using magnetorheological elastomer (MRE)-based adaptive tuned vibration absorbers (ATVA) on the sound transmission in an elastic plate. Sound transmission loss (STL) of an elastic circular thin plate is analytically studied. The plate is excited by a plane acoustic wave as an incident sound and the displacement of the plate is calculated using corresponding mode shapes of the system for clamped boundary condition. Rayleigh integral approach is used to express the transmitted sound pressure in terms of the plate's displacement modal amplitude. In order to increase sound transmission loss of the plate, the MRE-based ATVA is considered. The basic idea is to be able to change the stiffness of the ATVA by varying magnetic field in order to reduce the transmitted acoustic energy of the host structure in a wide frequency range. Here, a MRE-based ATVA under the shear mode consisting of an oscillator mass, magnetic conductor, coils and MRE is investigated. In order to predict the viscoelastic characteristics of the field-dependent MRE based on the applied magnetic field, the double pole model is used. Finally, MRE-based ATVAs are integrated with the plate to absorb the plate energy with the aim of decreasing the transmitted sound power. Results show that plate with integrated MRE-based ATVAs suppresses the axisymmetric vibration of the plate and thus considerably improves the STL. Parametric studies on the influence of the position of MRE-based ATVAs and the effects of applied current on their performance are also presented.

National Dam Safety Program. Little Bear Lake Dam (MO 30533), Mississippi - Kaskaskia - St. Louis Basin, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri. Phase I Inspection Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-01

16 7.2 Remedial Measures 17 APPENDIX A - MAPS Plate A-1 Vicinity Topography Plate A-2 Location Map Plate A-3 Seismic Map APPENDIX B - PHOTOGRAPHS...reservoir surface area, and elvton-storage data were developed from the USGS Cape Girardeau, Missouri 7-1/2 minute topographic quadrangle map . The...project file. CA -18- APPENDIX A MAPS II ./ \\v 14,.. MITE LSRIES ILUOOtS HC Scal in eetVICIITYTOPOGRAPHY Contur Itoral -10’MO 30533

P-wave tomography of the Chile Triple Junction region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, M. R.; Priestley, K. F.; Tilmann, F. J.; Iwamori, H.; Bataille, K.

2010-12-01

We investigate the crustal and upper mantle structure of the Aysén region of Chile. This region is situated from 44 to 49oS, a place where the diverging oceanic Nazca and Antarctic plates subduct beneath the South American continent. The Seismic Experiment in the Aysén Region of CHile (SEARCH) project operated a network of up to 60 land-based seismometers in this region between 2004 and 2006, centred over a 6 Ma subducted spreading centre between the oceanic plates. The data is used to examine the P-wave velocity structure beneath the region using relative-arrival teleseismic travel time tomography, using 2534 P-wave residuals from 173 teleseismic earthquakes. It is possible to image the velocity structure beneath the seismic network down to ˜300 km depth. The velocity structure has a maximum resolution of ˜60 km and shows a large difference between the northern and southern parts of the region. To the north, a ˜100 km thick fast anomaly exists which dips away from the subduction trench; this is likely to be related to the subducting Nazca plate. Going to the south, as the age of this plate at the subduction trench decreases, the fast anomaly migrates further from the trench suggesting that the Nazca plate subducts at a low angle over a larger distance before the subduction angle steepens and hence slab tears exist across the fracture zones between parts of the slab of different age. Where the 6 Ma subducted ridge segment is predicted to lie there is a region of lower velocities between ˜200 and ˜100 km depth, and no fast region associated with a subducting slab is present. Instead, the lower velocities indicate the presence of an asthenospheric window between the subducted Nazca and Antarctic plate.

Materials Processes (MP) Engineering Internship Projects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tomsik, Elizabeth

2017-01-01

This poster illustrates my major and minor projects worked on during my entire time interning at KSC in the Materials Science Branch. My major projects consist of three Failure Analyses, a research project on Magnesium Alloys, and the manufacturing and mechanical testing of the Advanced Plant Habitat. My three Failure Analyses are Umbilical Testing Ground Plates, Lithium Ion Battery Locking Spring Blade, and a Liquid Oxygen Poppet.

ORION Project-(SPLASH) Structural Passive Landing Attenuation fo

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-07-21

ORION Project-(SPLASH) Structural Passive Landing Attenuation for Survivability of Human Crew (BTA) Boiler Plate Test Article Water Impact Test-Pot Phase"0" Test POT#2 Tested at the Hydro Impact Basin at the Landing and Impact Research Facility (Gantry)

ORION Project-(SPLASH) Structural Passive Landing Attenuation fo

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-12-13

ORION Project-(SPLASH) Structural Passive Landing Attenuation for Survivability of Human Crew (BTA) Boiler Plate Test Article Water Impact Test-Pit Phase 4 Test or Pit 4 Tested at the Hydro Impact Basin at the Landing and Impact Research Facility (Gantry)

Hanging A "round."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Barbara

2000-01-01

Discusses an art project for fifth and sixth grade that was inspired by a Laurel Burch plate with a jungle motif. Explains that students choose a project name, make lists of images associated with their chosen name, and use those images in their round designs. (CMK)

Basic Metal Plate Jewelry Construction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Petersen, Hugh

2003-01-01

Describes how to do an art project with middle school students in which they learn about jewelry making. Explains that the students did not use soldering stations. Discusses the tools used in the project and how the students learned about jewelry construction. (CMK)

Translatory shock absorber for attitude sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vonpragenau, G. L.; Morgan, I. T., Jr.; Kirby, C. A. (Inventor)

1976-01-01

A translatory shock absorber is provided for mounting an attitude sensor thereon for isolating a sensor from translatory vibrations. The translatory shock absorber includes a hollow block structure formed as one piece to form a parallelogram. The absorber block structure includes a movable top plate for supporting the attitude sensor and a fixed base plate with opposed side plates interposed between. At the junctions of the side plates, and the base and top plates, there are provided grooves which act as flexible hinges for attenuating translatory vibrations. A damping material is supported on a pedestal which is carried on the base plate between the side plates thereof. The top of the damping material rests against the bottom surface of the top plate for eliminating the resonant peaks of vibration.

Electron tube

DOEpatents

Suyama, Motohiro [Hamamatsu, JP; Fukasawa, Atsuhito [Hamamatsu, JP; Arisaka, Katsushi [Los Angeles, CA; Wang, Hanguo [North Hills, CA

2011-12-20

An electron tube of the present invention includes: a vacuum vessel including a face plate portion made of synthetic silica and having a surface on which a photoelectric surface is provided, a stem portion arranged facing the photoelectric surface and made of synthetic silica, and a side tube portion having one end connected to the face plate portion and the other end connected to the stem portion and made of synthetic silica; a projection portion arranged in the vacuum vessel, extending from the stem portion toward the photoelectric surface, and made of synthetic silica; and an electron detector arranged on the projection portion, for detecting electrons from the photoelectric surface, and made of silicon.

[Web-based analysis of Stilling's color plates].

PubMed

Kuchenbecker, J

2014-12-01

Color vision tests with pseudoisochromatic plates currently represent the most common procedure for the screening of congenital color vision deficiencies. By means of a web-based color vision test, new and old color plates can be tested for diagnostic quality without major effort. A total of 16 digitized Stilling's color plates of the 11th edition from 1907 were included in a web-based color vision test (http://www.farbsehtest.de). The χ(2)-test was used to check whether the Stilling color plates showed similar results to the nine previously evaluated Ishihara color plates. A total of 518 subjects including101 (19.5 %) female subjects with a mean age of 34.6 ± 17 years, took the web-based test with the 25 plates. For all participants the range for the correctly recognized plates was between 5.2 % (n = 27) and 97.7 % (n = 506) for the Stilling color plates and between 64.9 % (n = 336) and 100 % (n = 518) for the Ishihara color plates. For participants with more than 5 errors (n = 247), the range for correctly recognized plates was between 2.0 % (n = 5) and 98.0 % (n = 242) for the Stilling plates and between 42.5 % (n = 105) and 100 % (n = 247) for the Ishihara plates. Taking all color plates and all participants into account there was a significantly higher incidence of erroneous recognition of the Stilling color plates (3038 false and 5250 true answers) compared to the Ishihara color plates (1511 false and 3151 true answers) (p < 0.001, χ(2)-test). The diagnostic quality of the tested Stilling color pates was very variable. Some of the plates could be used for the test edition of the Velhagen/Broschmann/Kuchenbecker color plates from 2014. Overall, the Stilling color plates were recognized with a higher incidence of error by all participants in the web-based test compared to the utilized Ishihara color plates, which in most cases was attributable to ambiguity of some symbols.

Flat-plate solar array project: Experimental process system development unit for producing semiconductor-grade silicon using the silane-to-silicon process

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

The process technology for the manufacture of semiconductor-grade silicon in a large commercial plant by 1986, at a price less than $14 per kilogram of silicon based on 1975 dollars is discussed. The engineering design, installation, checkout, and operation of an Experimental Process System Development unit was discussed. Quality control of scaling-up the process and an economic analysis of product and production costs are discussed.

Low cost fabrication development for oxide dispersion strengthened alloy vanes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Perkins, R. J.; Bailey, P. G.

1978-01-01

Viable processes were developed for secondary working of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys to near-net shapes (NNS) for aircraft turbine vanes. These processes were shown capable of producing required microstructure and properties for vane applications. Material cost savings of 40 to 50% are projected for the NNS process over the current procedures which involve machining from rectangular bar. Additional machining cost savings are projected. Of three secondary working processes evaluated, directional forging and plate bending were determined to be viable NNS processes for ODS vanes. Directional forging was deemed most applicable to high pressure turbine (HPT) vanes with their large thickness variations while plate bending was determined to be most cost effective for low pressure turbine (LPT) vanes because of their limited thickness variations. Since the F101 LPT vane was selected for study in this program, development of plate bending was carried through to establishment of a preliminary process. Preparation of ODS alloy plate for bending was found to be a straight forward process using currently available bar stock, providing that the capability for reheating between roll passes is available. Advanced ODS-NiCrAl and ODS-FeCrAl alloys were utilized on this program. Workability of all alloys was adequate for directional forging and plate bending, but only the ODS-FeCrAl had adequate workability for shaped preform extrustion.

ILC TARGET WHEEL RIM FRAGMENT/GUARD PLATE IMPACT ANALYSIS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hagler, L

2008-07-17

A positron source component is needed for the International Linear Collider Project. The leading design concept for this source is a rotating titanium alloy wheel whose spokes rotate through an intense localized magnetic field. The system is composed of an electric motor, flexible motor/drive-shaft coupling, stainless steel drive-shaft, two Plumber's Block tapered roller bearings, a titanium alloy target wheel, and electromagnet. Surrounding the target wheel and magnet is a steel frame with steel guarding plates intended to contain shrapnel in case of catastrophic wheel failure. Figure 1 is a layout of this system (guard plates not shown for clarity). Thismore » report documents the FEA analyses that were performed at LLNL to help determine, on a preliminary basis, the required guard plate thickness for three potential plate steels.« less

Lively Earthquake Activity in North-Eastern Greenland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Larsen, Tine B.; Dahl-Jensen, Trine; Voss, Peter H.

2016-04-01

The seismograph at the Danish military outpost, Station Nord (NOR) in North East Greenland, records many regional/local earthquakes every day. Most of these events originate at the Arctic plate boundary between the Eurasian and the North American plates. The plate boundary has a particularly active segment approximately 200 km from the seismograph. Additionally we find a seismically very active region 20-30 km from NOR on the Kronprins Christian Land peninsula. The BB seismograph at NOR was installed in 2002 and later upgraded with real-time telemetry as part of the GLISN-project. Since late 2013 data from NOR have been included in routine processing at GEUS. Phase readings on some of the older data, primarily 2002-2003, have been carried out previously in connection with other projects. As a result, phase readings for more than 6000 local events, recorded exclusively at NOR, were found in the GEUS data base. During the years 2004 to 2007 four locations were occupied by temporary BB seismographs on the North coast of Greenland as part of the Law of the Sea preparatory work. Data from these stations have not previously been analyzed for local and regional events. In this study we combine the recordings from NOR with phase readings from the temporary seismographs in Northern Greenland. The local events on Kronprins Christian Land range in magnitude from less than 2 to a 4.8 event widely recorded in the region and felt by the personnel at Station Nord on August 30, 2005. Station Nord is located in the seismically most active region of Greenland.

Gyrokinetic projection of the divertor heat-flux width from present tokamaks to ITER

DOE PAGES

Chang, Choong Seock; Ku, Seung -Hoe; Loarte, Alberto; ...

2017-07-11

Here, the XGC1 edge gyrokinetic code is used to study the width of the heat-flux to divertor plates in attached plasma condition. The flux-driven simulation is performed until an approximate power balance is achieved between the heat-flux across the steep pedestal pressure gradient and the heat-flux on the divertor plates.

Nutrient database improvement project: Separable components and proximate composition of raw and cooked retail cuts from the beef rib and plate

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Beef nutrition is very important to the worldwide beef industry and its consumers. The objective of this study was to analyze nutrient composition of eight beef rib and plate cuts to update the nutrient data in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference (SR). Seventy-two carcasses ...

Seismicity of the Greek and surrounding areas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Palamidi, Elpida

2017-04-01

Teaching Geography in the first class of high school is an opportunity to make a project about earthquakes and tectonic plates. By the end of this project students will be able to: 1.Describe the differences between continental and oceanic crust. 2.Identify the three types of plate boundaries. 3.Realize the geologic features created by each type of plate boundary. 4.Learn the different types of earthquakes that occur in this area, and how we can reduce risk of losses from future earthquakes. 5.Describe how earthquakes and their impacts are measured (Magnitude and Intensity). They will work in small groups of 2-3 students and will find out about largest earthquakes, significant events, lists and maps by magnitude, by year or by location, in the Mediterranean region. The research activities include the websites: http://www.oasp.gr , http://www.gein.noa.gr/, https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/plate-tectonics/ and a visit in the Institute of Geodynamics of National Observatory of Athens. This Institute is substantially supported by the national seismograph network as well as by the networks of strong motion instruments and of GPS. Finally students will make presentations and discuss the results.

Theoretical Investigation of Calculating Temperatures in the Combining Zone of Cu/Fe Composite Plate Jointed by Explosive Welding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qu, Y. D.; Zhang, W. J.; Kong, X. Q.; Zhao, X.

2016-03-01

The heat-transfer behavior of the interface of Flyer plate (or Base Plate) has great influence on the microcosmic structures, stress distributions, and interface distortion of the welded interface of composite plates by explosive welding. In this paper, the temperature distributions in the combing zone are studied for the case of Cu/Fe composite plate jointed by explosive welding near the lower limit of explosive welding. The results show that Flyer plate (Cu plate) and Base Plate (Fe plate) firstly almost have the same melting rate in the explosive welding process. Then, the melting rate of Cu plate becomes higher than that of Fe plate. Finally, the melt thicknesses of Cu plate and Fe plate trend to be different constants, respectively. Meanwhile, the melting layer of Cu plate is thicker than that of Fe plate. The research could supply some theoretical foundations for calculating the temperature distribution and optimizing the explosive welding parameters of Cu/Fe composite plate to some extent.

In-Situ Leak Testing And Replacement Of Glovebox Isolator, Or Containment Unit Gloves

DOEpatents

Castro, Julio M.; Macdonald, John M.; Steckle, Jr., Warren P.

2004-11-02

A test plug for in-situ testing a glove installed in a glovebox is provided that uses a top plate and a base plate, and a diametrically expandable sealing mechanism fitting between the two plates. The sealing mechanism engages the base plate to diametrically expand when the variable distance between the top plate and the bottom plate is reduced. An inlet valve included on the top plate is used to introducing a pressurized gas to the interior of the glove, and a pressure gauge located on the top plate is used to monitor the interior glove pressure.

Linear optical pulse compression based on temporal zone plates.

PubMed

Li, Bo; Li, Ming; Lou, Shuqin; Azaña, José

2013-07-15

We propose and demonstrate time-domain equivalents of spatial zone plates, namely temporal zone plates, as alternatives to conventional time lenses. Both temporal intensity zone plates, based on intensity-only temporal modulation, and temporal phase zone plates, based on phase-only temporal modulation, are introduced and studied. Temporal zone plates do not exhibit the limiting tradeoff between temporal aperture and frequency bandwidth (temporal resolution) of conventional linear time lenses. As a result, these zone plates can be ideally designed to offer a time-bandwidth product (TBP) as large as desired, practically limited by the achievable temporal modulation bandwidth (limiting the temporal resolution) and the amount of dispersion needed in the target processing systems (limiting the temporal aperture). We numerically and experimentally demonstrate linear optical pulse compression by using temporal zone plates based on linear electro-optic temporal modulation followed by fiber-optics dispersion. In the pulse-compression experiment based on temporal phase zone plates, we achieve a resolution of ~25.5 ps over a temporal aperture of ~5.77 ns, representing an experimental TBP larger than 226 using a phase-modulation amplitude of only ~0.8π rad. We also numerically study the potential of these devices to achieve temporal imaging of optical waveforms and present a comparative analysis on the performance of different temporal intensity and phase zone plates.

Vehicle license plate recognition in dense fog based on improved atmospheric scattering model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tang, Chunming; Lin, Jun; Chen, Chunkai; Dong, Yancheng

2018-04-01

An effective method based on improved atmospheric scattering model is proposed in this paper to handle the problem of the vehicle license plate location and recognition in dense fog. Dense fog detection is performed firstly by the top-hat transformation and the vertical edge detection, and the moving vehicle image is separated from the traffic video image. After the vehicle image is decomposed into two layers: structure and texture layers, the glow layer is separated from the structure layer to get the background layer. Followed by performing the mean-pooling and the bicubic interpolation algorithm, the atmospheric light map of the background layer can be predicted, meanwhile the transmission of the background layer is estimated through the grayed glow layer, whose gray value is altered by linear mapping. Then, according to the improved atmospheric scattering model, the final restored image can be obtained by fusing the restored background layer and the optimized texture layer. License plate location is performed secondly by a series of morphological operations, connected domain analysis and various validations. Characters extraction is achieved according to the projection. Finally, an offline trained pattern classifier of hybrid discriminative restricted boltzmann machines (HDRBM) is applied to recognize the characters. Experimental results on thorough data sets are reported to demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve high recognition accuracy and works robustly in the dense fog traffic environment during 24h or one day.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 3: Silicon sheet: Wafers and ribbons

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Briglio, A.; Dumas, K.; Leipold, M.; Morrison, A.

1986-01-01

The primary objective of the Silicon Sheet Task of the Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project was the development of one or more low cost technologies for producing silicon sheet suitable for processing into cost-competitive solar cells. Silicon sheet refers to high purity crystalline silicon of size and thickness for fabrication into solar cells. Areas covered in the project were ingot growth and casting, wafering, ribbon growth, and other sheet technologies. The task made and fostered significant improvements in silicon sheet including processing of both ingot and ribbon technologies. An additional important outcome was the vastly improved understanding of the characteristics associated with high quality sheet, and the control of the parameters required for higher efficiency solar cells. Although significant sheet cost reductions were made, the technology advancements required to meet the task cost goals were not achieved.

Leveraging Google Geo Tools for Interactive STEM Education: Insights from the GEODE Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dordevic, M.; Whitmeyer, S. J.; De Paor, D. G.; Karabinos, P.; Burgin, S.; Coba, F.; Bentley, C.; St John, K. K.

2016-12-01

Web-based imagery and geospatial tools have transformed our ability to immerse students in global virtual environments. Google's suite of geospatial tools, such as Google Earth (± Engine), Google Maps, and Street View, allow developers and instructors to create interactive and immersive environments, where students can investigate and resolve common misconceptions in STEM concepts and natural processes. The GEODE (.net) project is developing digital resources to enhance STEM education. These include virtual field experiences (VFEs), such as an interactive visualization of the breakup of the Pangaea supercontinent, a "Grand Tour of the Terrestrial Planets," and GigaPan-based VFEs of sites like the Canadian Rockies. Web-based challenges, such as EarthQuiz (.net) and the "Fold Analysis Challenge," incorporate scaffolded investigations of geoscience concepts. EarthQuiz features web-hosted imagery, such as Street View, Photo Spheres, GigaPans, and Satellite View, as the basis for guided inquiry. In the Fold Analysis Challenge, upper-level undergraduates use Google Earth to evaluate a doubly-plunging fold at Sheep Mountain, WY. GEODE.net also features: "Reasons for the Seasons"—a Google Earth-based visualization that addresses misconceptions that abound amongst students, teachers, and the public, many of whom believe that seasonality is caused by large variations in Earth's distance from the Sun; "Plate Euler Pole Finder," which helps students understand rotational motion of tectonic plates on the globe; and "Exploring Marine Sediments Using Google Earth," an exercise that uses empirical data to explore the surficial distribution of marine sediments in the modern ocean. The GEODE research team includes the authors and: Heather Almquist, Cinzia Cervato, Gene Cooper, Helen Crompton, Terry Pavlis, Jen Piatek, Bill Richards, Jeff Ryan, Ron Schott, Barb Tewksbury, and their students and collaborating colleagues. We are supported by NSF DUE 1323419 and a Google Geo Curriculum Award.

Evaluation of the Interplate and Intraplate Deformations of the African Continent Using cGNSS Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Apolinário, J. P.; Fernandes, R. M. S.; Bos, M. S.; Meghraoui, M.; Miranda, J. M. A.

2014-12-01

Two main plates, Nubia and Somalia, plus some few more tectonic blocks in the East African Rift System (EARS) delimit the African continent. The major part of the external plate boundaries of Africa is well defined by oceanic ridge systems with the exception of the Nubia-Eurasia complex convergence-collision tectonic zone. In addition, the number and distribution of the tectonic blocks along the EARS region is a major scientific issue that has not been completely answered so far. Nevertheless, the increased number of cGNSS (continuous Global Navigation Satellite Systems) stations in Africa with sufficient long data span is helping to better understand and constrain the complex sub-plate distribution in the EARS as well as in the other plate boundaries of Africa. This work is the geodetic contribution for the IGCP-Project 601 - "Seismotectonics and Seismic Hazards in Africa". It presents the current tectonic relative motions of the African continent based on the analysis of the estimated velocity field derived from the existing network of cGNSS stations in Africa and bordering plate tectonics. For the majority of the plate pairs, we present the most recent estimation of their relative velocity using a dedicated processing. The velocity solutions are computed using HECTOR, a software that takes into account the existing temporal correlations between the daily solutions of the stations. It allows to properly estimate the velocity uncertainties and to detect any artifacts in the time-series. For some of the plate pairs, we compare our solutions of the angular velocities with other geodetic and geophysical models. In addition, we also study the sensitivity of the derived angular velocity to changes in the data (longer data-span for some stations) for tectonic units with few stations, and in particular for the Victoria and Rovuma blocks of the EARS. Finally, we compute estimates of velocity fields for several sub-regions correlated with the seismotectonic provinces and discuss the level of interplate and intraplate deformations in Africa.

Activities for Plate Tectonics using GeoMapApp

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goodwillie, A. M.

2016-12-01

The concept of plate tectonics is a fundamental component of our understanding of how Earth works yet authentic, high-quality geoscience data related to plate tectonics may not be readily available to all students. To compound matters, when data is accessible, students may not possess the skills or resources necessary to explore and analyse it. As a result, much emphasis at federal and state level is now placed upon encouraging students to work with more data and more technology more often and more rigourously. Easy-to-use digital platforms offer much potential for promoting inquiry-based learning at all levels of education. GeoMapApp is one such tool. Developed at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, GeoMapApp (http://www.geomapapp.org) is a free resource that integrates a wide range of research-grade geoscience data in one intuitive map-based interface. Simple strategies for data manipulation, visualisation and presentation allow uses to explore the data in meaningful ways. Layering and transparency capabilities further allow learners to use GeoMapApp to compare multiple data sets at once, and high-impact Save Session functionality allows a GeoMapApp project to be saved for sharing or later use. In this presentation, activities related to plate tectonics will be highlighted. One GeoMapApp activity helps students investigate plate boundaries by exploring earthquake and volcano locations. Another requires students to calculate the rate of seafloor spreading using crustal age data in various ocean basins. A third uses the GeoMapApp layering technique to explore the influence of geological forces in shaping the landscape. Each activity shown can be done by students on an individual basis, as pairs, or as groups. Educators report that student use of GeoMapApp fosters an increased sense of data "ownership" amongst students, promotes STEM skills, and provides them with access to authentic research-grade geoscience data using the same cutting-edge technological tool used by researchers.

Florida Hydrogen Initiative

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Block, David L

2013-06-30

The Florida Hydrogen Initiative (FHI) was a research, development and demonstration hydrogen and fuel cell program. The FHI program objectives were to develop Florida?s hydrogen and fuel cell infrastructure and to assist DOE in its hydrogen and fuel cell activities The FHI program funded 12 RD&D projects as follows: Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure and Rental Car Strategies -- L. Lines, Rollins College This project analyzes strategies for Florida's early stage adaptation of hydrogen-powered public transportation. In particular, the report investigates urban and statewide network of refueling stations and the feasibility of establishing a hydrogen rental-car fleet based in Orlando. Methanol Fuelmore » Cell Vehicle Charging Station at Florida Atlantic University ? M. Fuchs, EnerFuel, Inc. The project objectives were to design, and demonstrate a 10 kWnet proton exchange membrane fuel cell stationary power plant operating on methanol, to achieve an electrical energy efficiency of 32% and to demonstrate transient response time of less than 3 milliseconds. Assessment of Public Understanding of the Hydrogen Economy Through Science Center Exhibits, J. Newman, Orlando Science Center The project objective was to design and build an interactive Science Center exhibit called: ?H2Now: the Great Hydrogen Xchange?. On-site Reformation of Diesel Fuel for Hydrogen Fueling Station Applications ? A. Raissi, Florida Solar Energy Center This project developed an on-demand forecourt hydrogen production technology by catalytically converting high-sulfur hydrocarbon fuels to an essentially sulfur-free gas. The removal of sulfur from reformate is critical since most catalysts used for the steam reformation have limited sulfur tolerance. Chemochromic Hydrogen Leak Detectors for Safety Monitoring ? N. Mohajeri and N. Muradov, Florida Solar Energy Center This project developed and demonstrated a cost-effective and highly selective chemochromic (visual) hydrogen leak detector for safety monitoring at any facility engaged in transport, handling and use of hydrogen. Development of High Efficiency Low Cost Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Production and PEM Fuel Cell Applications ? M. Rodgers, Florida Solar Energy Center The objective of this project was to decrease platinum usage in fuel cells by conducting experiments to improve catalyst activity while lowering platinum loading through pulse electrodeposition. Optimum values of several variables during electrodeposition were selected to achieve the highest electrode performance, which was related to catalyst morphology. Understanding Mechanical and Chemical Durability of Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies ? D. Slattery, Florida Solar Energy Center The objective of this project was to increase the knowledge base of the degradation mechanisms for membranes used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The results show the addition of ceria (cerium oxide) has given durability improvements by reducing fluoride emissions by an order of magnitude during an accelerated durability test. Production of Low-Cost Hydrogen from Biowaste (HyBrTec?) ? R. Parker, SRT Group, Inc., Miami, FL This project developed a hydrogen bromide (HyBrTec?) process which produces hydrogen bromide from wet-cellulosic waste and co-produces carbon dioxide. Eelectrolysis dissociates hydrogen bromide producing recyclable bromine and hydrogen. A demonstration reactor and electrolysis vessel was designed, built and operated. Development of a Low-Cost and High-Efficiency 500 W Portable PEMFC System ? J. Zheng, Florida State University, H. Chen, Bing Energy, Inc. The objectives of this project were to develop a new catalyst structures comprised of highly conductive buckypaper and Pt catalyst nanoparticles coated on its surface and to demonstrate fuel cell efficiency improvement and durability and cell cost reductions in the buckypaper based electrodes. Development of an Interdisciplinary Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Academic Program ? J. Politano, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL This project developed a hydrogen and fuel cell technology academic program at Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Florida. Design and Development of an Advanced Hydrogen Storage System using Novel Materials ? E. Stefanakos, University of South Florida The goal of this project was to design and develop novel conducting polymeric nanomaterials for on-board hydrogen storage. The project approach was to examine synthesis of polyaniline solid state hydrogen storage materials. Advanced HiFoil ? Bipolar Plates ? J. Braun, M. Fuchs, EnerFuel, Inc. The goal of this project was to provide a durable, low cost bipolar plate for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The project results produced a durable, low cost bipolar plate with very high in-plane thermal conductivity.« less

First results of MAO NASU SS bodies photographic archive digitizing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakuliak, L.; Andruk, V.; Shatokhina, S.; Golovnya, V.; Yizhakevych, O.; Kulyk, I.

2013-05-01

MAO NASU glass archive encloses about 1800 photographic plates with planets and their satellites (including near 80 images of Uranus, Pluto and Neptune), about 1700 plates with minor planets and about 900 plates with comets. Plates were made during 1949-1999 using 11 telescopes of different focus, mostly the Double Wide-angle Astrograph (F/D=2000/400) and the Double Long-focus Astrograph (F/D=5500/400) of MAO NASU. Observational sites are Kyiv, Lviv (Ukraine), Biurakan (Armenia), Abastumani (Georgia), Mt. Maidanak (Uzbekistan), Quito (Equador). Tables contain data about the most significant numbers of plates sub-divided by years and objects. The database with metadata of plates (DBGPA) is available on the computer cluster of MAO (http://gua.db.ukr-vo.org) via open access. The database accumulates archives of four Ukrainian observatories, involving the UkrVO national project. Together with the archive managing system, the database serves as a test area for JDA - Joint Digital Archive - the core of the UkrVO.

Digital Access to a Sky Century at Harvard: Initial Photometry and Astrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laycock, S.; Tang, S.; Grindlay, J.; Los, E.; Simcoe, R.; Mink, D.

2010-10-01

Digital Access to a Sky Century at Harvard (DASCH) is a project to digitize the collection of ~500,000 glass photographic plates held at Harvard College Observatory. The collection spans the time period from 1880 to 1985, during which time every point on the sky was been observed from 500 to 1000 times. In this paper, we describe the DASCH commissioning run, during which we developed the data-reduction pipeline, characterized the plates and fine-tuned the digitizer's performance and operation. This initial run consisted of 500 plates taken from a variety of different plate series, all containing the open cluster Praeseppe (M44). We report that accurate photometry at the 0.1 mag level is possible on the majority of plates, and demonstrate century-long light curves of various types of variable stars in and around M44. DASCH will generate a public online archive of the entire plate collection, including images, source catalogs, and light curves for nearly all astronomical objects brighter than about 17th magnitude.

Children with Down Syndrome: oral development and morphology after use of palatal plates between 6 and 18 months of age.

PubMed

Bäckman, B; Grevér-Sjölander, A-C; Holm, A-K; Johansson, I

2003-09-01

The aim of this study was to describe oral development and morphology in 18-month-old children with Down syndrome (DS) treated with palatal plates in combination with structured communication and speech training. The aim is further to describe the design of the palatal plates, compliance in their use and to give a brief report of their effect on oral motor function and speech. Forty-two children with DS were followed from < or = 6 months of age until 18+/-3 months old. In addition to language intervention, and oral motor and sensory stimulation provided by speech therapists for all children with DS in Sweden, palatal plates provided by dentists are included in the training programme. In the evaluation, the children in the project were compared with two control groups of children matched for age; one group of children with DS who had not been treated with palatal plates, and one group of children with normal development. Compared to the children with normal development, both groups of children with DS had fewer teeth erupted and a lower prevalence of sucking habits. Deviant morphology of the tongue in the form of diastase, lingua plicata or a sulcus in the anterior third of the tongue was only seen in children with DS. All children with normal development had positive values for overjet compared to 53% of the children with DS. The palatal plates were used 2-3 times daily for a total mean time of 15 min. Compliance in use of the plates decreased with age, mainly due to eruption of teeth and subsequent loss of retention. Evaluation of oral motor function and speech show that the children with DS in the project had better motor prerequisites for articulation than the control children with DS. Palatal plate therapy did not affect oral parameters, i.e., eruption of teeth, types and prevalence of sucking habits, tongue morphology and symptoms of hypotonia. In combination with oral motor and sensory stimulation, palatal plate therapy had a positive effect on oral motor performance and prerequisites for articulation.

A new license plate extraction framework based on fast mean shift

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pan, Luning; Li, Shuguang

2010-08-01

License plate extraction is considered to be the most crucial step of Automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) system. In this paper, a region-based license plate hybrid detection method is proposed to solve practical problems under complex background in which existing large quantity of disturbing information. In this method, coarse license plate location is carried out firstly to get the head part of a vehicle. Then a new Fast Mean Shift method based on random sampling of Kernel Density Estimate (KDE) is adopted to segment the color vehicle images, in order to get candidate license plate regions. The remarkable speed-up it brings makes Mean Shift segmentation more suitable for this application. Feature extraction and classification is used to accurately separate license plate from other candidate regions. At last, tilted license plate regulation is used for future recognition steps.

Spirit Beside 'Home Plate,' Sol 1809

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

NASA Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera to take the images assembled into this 120-degree view southward after a short drive during the 1,809th Martian day, or sol, of Spirit's mission on the surface of Mars (February 3, 2009).

Spirit had driven about 2.6 meters (8.5 feet) that sol, continuing a clockwise route around a low plateau called 'Home Plate.' In this image, the rocks visible above the rovers' solar panels are on the slope at the northern edge of Home Plate.

This view is presented as a cylindrical projection with geometric seam correction.

Observation of Phase Objects by Using an X-ray Microscope with a Foucault Knife-Edge

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Watanabe, N.; Sasaya, T.; Imai, Y.

2011-09-09

An x-ray microscope with a zone plate was assembled at the synchrotron radiation source of BL3C, Photon Factory. A Foucault knife-edge was set at the back focal plate of the objective zone plate and phase retrieval was tested by scanning the knife-edge. A preliminary result shows that scanning the knife-edge during exposure was effective for phase retrieval. Phase-contrast tomography was investigated using differential projection images calculated from two Schlieren images with the oppositely oriented knife-edges. Fairly good reconstruction images of polystyrene beads and spores could be obtained.

Fabrication of aerogel capsule, bromine-doped capsule, and modified gold cone in modified target for the Fast Ignition Realization Experiment (FIREX) Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nagai, Keiji; Yang, H.; Norimatsu, T.; Azechi, H.; Belkada, F.; Fujimoto, Y.; Fujimura, T.; Fujioka, K.; Fujioka, S.; Homma, H.; Ito, F.; Iwamoto, A.; Jitsuno, T.; Kaneyasu, Y.; Nakai, M.; Nemoto, N.; Saika, H.; Shimoyama, T.; Suzuki, Y.; Yamanaka, K.; Mima, K.

2009-09-01

The development of target fabrication for the Fast Ignition Realization EXperiment (FIREX) Project is described in this paper. For the first stage of the FIREX Project (FIREX-I), the previously designed target has been modified by using a bromine-doped ablator and coating the inner gold cone with a low-density material. A high-quality bromine-doped capsule without vacuoles was fabricated from bromine-doped deuterated polystyrene. The gold surface was coated with a low-density material by electrochemical plating. For the cryogenic fuel target, a brand new type of aerogel material, phloroglucinol/formaldehyde (PF), was investigated and encapsulated to meet the specifications of 500 µm diameter and 20 µm thickness, with 30 nm nanopores. Polystyrene-based low-density materials were investigated and the relationship between the crosslinker content and the nanopore structure was observed.

Development of a second generation SiLC-based Laue lens

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Girou, David; Wade, Colin; Barrière, Nicolas; Collon, Maximilien; Günther, Ramses; Hanlon, Lorraine; Tomsick, John; Uliyanov, Alexey; Vacanti, Giuseppe; Zoglauer, Andreas

2017-09-01

For more than a decade, cosine has been developing silicon pore optics (SPO), lightweight modular X-ray optics made of stacks of bent and directly bonded silicon mirror plates. This technology, which has been selected by ESA to realize the optics of ATHENA, can also be used to fabricate soft gamma-ray Laue lenses where Bragg diffraction through the bulk silicon is exploited, rather than grazing incidence reflection. Silicon Laue Components (SiLCs) are made of stacks of curved, polished, wedged silicon plates, allowing the concentration of radiation in both radial and azimuthal directions. This greatly increases the focusing properties of a Laue lens since the size of the focal spot is no longer determined by the size of the individual single crystals, but by the accuracy of the applied curvature. After a successful proof of concept in 2013, establishing the huge potential of this technology, a new project has been launched in Spring 2017 at cosine to further develop and test this technique. Here we present the latest advances of the second generation of SiLCs made from even thinner silicon plates stacked by a robot with dedicated tools in a class-100 clean room environment.

X-ray tests of a microchannel plate detector and amorphous silicon pixel array readout for neutron radiography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ambrosi, R. M.; Street, R.; Feller, B.; Fraser, G. W.; Watterson, J. I. W.; Lanza, R. C.; Dowson, J.; Ross, D.; Martindale, A.; Abbey, A. F.; Vernon, D.

2007-03-01

High-performance large area imaging detectors for fast neutrons in the 5-14 MeV energy range do not exist at present. The aim of this project is to combine microchannel plates or MCPs (or similar electron multiplication structures) traditionally used in image intensifiers and X-ray detectors with amorphous silicon (a-Si) pixel arrays to produce a composite converter and intensifier position sensitive imaging system. This detector will provide an order of magnitude improvement in image resolution when compared with current millimetre resolution limits obtained using phosphor or scintillator-based hydrogen rich converters. In this study we present the results of the initial experimental evaluation of the prototype system. This study was carried out using a medical X-ray source for the proof of concept tests, the next phase will involve neutron imaging tests. The hybrid detector described in this study is a unique development and paves the way for large area position sensitive detectors consisting of MCP or microsphere plate detectors and a-Si or polysilicon pixel arrays. Applications include neutron and X-ray imaging for terrestrial applications. The technology could be extended to space instrumentation for X-ray astronomy.

MT2D Inversion to Image the Gorda Plate Subduction Zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lubis, Y. K.; Niasari, S. W.; Hartantyo, E.

2018-04-01

The magnetotelluric method is applicable for studying complicated geological structures because the subsurface electrical properties are strongly influenced by the electric and magnetic fields. This research located in the Gorda subduction zone beneath the North American continental plate. Magnetotelluric 2D inversion was used to image the variation of subsurface resistivity although the phase tensor analysis shows that the majority of dimensionality data is 3D. 19 MT sites were acquired from EarthScope/USArray Project. Wepresent the image of MT 2D inversion to exhibit conductivity distribution from the middle crust to uppermost asthenosphere at a depth of 120 kilometers. Based on the inversion, the overall data misfit value is 3.89. The Gorda plate subduction appears as a high resistive zone beneath the California. Local conductive features are found in the middle crust downward Klamath Mountain, Bonneville Lake, and below the eastern of Utah. Furthermore, mid-crustal is characterized by moderately resistive. Below the extensional Basin and Range province was related to highly resistive. The middle crust to the uppermost asthenosphere becomes moderately resistive. We conclude that the electrical parameters and the dimensionality of datain the shallow depth(about 22.319 km) beneath the North American platein accordance with surface geological features.

Plate refractive camera model and its applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Longxiang; Zhao, Xu; Cai, Shen; Liu, Yuncai

2017-03-01

In real applications, a pinhole camera capturing objects through a planar parallel transparent plate is frequently employed. Due to the refractive effects of the plate, such an imaging system does not comply with the conventional pinhole camera model. Although the system is ubiquitous, it has not been thoroughly studied. This paper aims at presenting a simple virtual camera model, called a plate refractive camera model, which has a form similar to a pinhole camera model and can efficiently model refractions through a plate. The key idea is to employ a pixel-wise viewpoint concept to encode the refraction effects into a pixel-wise pinhole camera model. The proposed camera model realizes an efficient forward projection computation method and has some advantages in applications. First, the model can help to compute the caustic surface to represent the changes of the camera viewpoints. Second, the model has strengths in analyzing and rectifying the image caustic distortion caused by the plate refraction effects. Third, the model can be used to calibrate the camera's intrinsic parameters without removing the plate. Last but not least, the model contributes to putting forward the plate refractive triangulation methods in order to solve the plate refractive triangulation problem easily in multiviews. We verify our theory in both synthetic and real experiments.

Low-frequency band gap of locally resonant phononic crystals with a dual-base plate.

PubMed

Zuo, Shuguang; Huang, Haidong; Wu, Xudong; Zhang, Minghai; Ni, Tianxin

2018-03-01

To achieve a wider band gap and a lower cut-on frequency, a locally resonant phononic crystal (LRPC) with a dual-base plate is investigated in this paper. Compared with the LRPC with a single plate, the band structure of the LRPC with a dual-base plate is calculated using the method of plane wave expansion and verified by the finite element method. According to the analysis of the band curves of the LRPC with a dual-base plate, the mechanisms are explained. Next, the influences of the thickness of the plates, the stiffness of the springs, the mass of resonators, and the lattice constant are also investigated. The results show that the structural asymmetry between the upper and the lower plate is conducive to reducing the cut-on frequency and broadening the band gap effectively. The results indicate a different approach for the application of LRPC in vibration and noise control.

New Astronomical Reduction of Old Observations (the NAROO project)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arlot, Jean-Eudes; Robert, Vincent; Lainey, Valery; Neiner, Coralie; Thouvenin, Nicolas

2018-04-01

The Gaia astrometric reference catalogue will provide star proper motions with an accuracy of one mas one century ago for stars of magnitude 14 or brighter. Our project is to re-reduced the old observations with the new catalogue allowing to have an astrometric accuracy only limited by the observational biases and not by reference stars. Then, we plan to get an accuracy of 50 mas where the old reductions were not better than 500 mas! For our purpose, we will digitize old photographic plates with a sub-micrometric scanner. Tests were made using the UCAC catalogue showing that old photographic plates have an intrinsect accuracy of 30 to 60 mas.

Longitude through time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Torsvik, T. H.; Steinberger, B.; Cocks, R. L.

2007-12-01

Earth scientists today have had no objective method of calculating what the palaeolongitudes of tectonic plates and other geological units were in the long eons prior to the oldest known hotspot trails, which are only of Cretaceous age (ca. 130 Ma). Before this time, palaeomagnetism is the only method by which to position plates quantitatively on the globe. Palaeomagnetic studies only directly yield latitudes and plate rotations, but the longitude uncertainty can be minimized by selecting an appropriate reference plate: if one can determine which plate has moved least, then it should be used as the reference plate. Africa has been nearly surrounded by mid- ocean ridges since the break-up of Pangea, and thus the ridge push forces should have roughly cancelled each other out. Moving hotspot-based plate motion models show minimal longitudinal motion for Africa (<10 degrees) for the past 130 million years, confirming the lack of significant longitudinal motion inferred from consideration of the plate driving forces. It is uncertain whether the 'zero-longitude' assumption about Africa holds before Pangea's break-up, but in the absence of better reference points, we have regarded zero longitudinal average motion for Africa as the best assumption. With this approach we have been able to demonstrate that virtually all Large Igneous Province (LIPs) for the last 300 million years project radially onto the edges of the African and Pacific Large Low Shear Velocity Province (LLSVPs) near the core-mantle-boundary (CMB). The LIPs must for this reason be derived from mantle plumes, and CMB heterogeneities must have remained quite stationary since the formation of Pangea. LIPs have erupted since Archean times and there is no reason to preclude that they were all derived from LLSVPs in the deep mantle. That inspired us to consider whether older LIP events would yield similar results. We attempt to reconstruct Gondwana in longitude in Cambrian times based on the substantial Antrim plateau volcanics (Australia), a LIP of ca. 510 Ma age along the Gondwanan margin. If the LIP was formed at the margin of the Africa or Pacific LLSVPs and they have remained the same throughout Earth's history there are six possible marginal sites on the CMB from which to choose, but three sites that do not position the long- lived subduction margin of Gondwana (e.g. South America, East Antarctica and East Australia) above regions of high seismic velocity (the subduction graveyards) can be eliminated. If, as recently postulated, there have only been one LLSVP (or upwelling zone) in Pre-Pangean time (Pacific LLSVP) that reduces longitude choices to two possible marginal sites on the CMB.

Remote repair appliance

DOEpatents

Heumann, F.K.; Wilkinson, J.C.; Wooding, D.R.

1997-12-16

A remote appliance for supporting a tool for performing work at a work site on a substantially circular bore of a work piece and for providing video signals of the work site to a remote monitor comprises: a base plate having an inner face and an outer face; a plurality of rollers, wherein each roller is rotatably and adjustably attached to the inner face of the base plate and positioned to roll against the bore of the work piece when the base plate is positioned against the mouth of the bore such that the appliance may be rotated about the bore in a plane substantially parallel to the base plate; a tool holding means for supporting the tool, the tool holding means being adjustably attached to the outer face of the base plate such that the working end of the tool is positioned on the inner face side of the base plate; a camera for providing video signals of the work site to the remote monitor; and a camera holding means for supporting the camera on the inner face side of the base plate, the camera holding means being adjustably attached to the outer face of the base plate. In a preferred embodiment, roller guards are provided to protect the rollers from debris and a bore guard is provided to protect the bore from wear by the rollers and damage from debris. 5 figs.

Analysis of off-axis holographic system based on improved Jamin interferometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Baosheng; Dong, Hang; Chen, Lijuan; Zhong, Qi

2018-02-01

In this paper, an improved Interferometer was introduced which based on traditional Jamin Interferometer to solve the twin image where appear in on-axis holographic. Adjust the angle of reference light and object light that projected onto the CCD by change the reflector of the system to separate the zero order of diffraction, the virtual image and the real image, so that could eliminate the influence of the twin image. The result of analysis shows that the system could be realized in theory. After actually building the system, the hologram of the calibration plate is reconstructed and the result is shown to be feasible.

[A web-based Colour Vision Test as a Tool for Qualitative Evaluation of Pseudoisochromatic Pflüger Trident Colour Plates].

PubMed

Kuchenbecker, Joern

2018-05-22

Pseudoisochromatic colour plates are constructed according to specific principles. They can be very different in quality. To check the diagnostic quality, they have to be tested on a large number of subjects, but this procedure is can be tedious and expensive. Therefore, the use of a standardised web-based test is recommended. Eight Pflüger trident colour plates (including 1 demo plate) according to the Velhagen edition of 1980 were digitised and inserted into a web-based colour vision test (www.color-vision-test.info). After visual display calibration and 2 demonstrations of the demo plate (#1) to introduce the test procedure, 7 red-green colour plates (#3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16) were presented in a randomised order in 3 different randomised positions each for 10 seconds. The user had to specify the opening of the Pflüger trident by a mouse click or arrow keys. 6360 evaluations of all plates from 2120 randomised subjects were included. Without error, the detection rates of the plates were between 72.2% (plate #3) and 90.7% (plate #16; n = 6360). With an error number of 7 errors per test, the detection rates of the plates were between 21.6% (plate #3) and 67.7% (plate #16; n = 1556). If an error number of 14 errors was used, the detection rates of the plates were between 10.9% (plate #11) and 40.1% (plate #16; n = 606). Plate #16 showed the highest detection rate - at zero error number as well as at the 7 and 14 error limit. The diagnostic quality of this plate was low. The colourimetric data were improved. The detection rate was then significantly lower. The differences in quality of pseudoisochromatic Pflüger trident colour plates can be tested without great effort using a web-based test. Optimisation of a poor quality colour plate can then be carried out. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Reliability assessment of different plate theories for elastic wave propagation analysis in functionally graded plates.

PubMed

Mehrkash, Milad; Azhari, Mojtaba; Mirdamadi, Hamid Reza

2014-01-01

The importance of elastic wave propagation problem in plates arises from the application of ultrasonic elastic waves in non-destructive evaluation of plate-like structures. However, precise study and analysis of acoustic guided waves especially in non-homogeneous waveguides such as functionally graded plates are so complicated that exact elastodynamic methods are rarely employed in practical applications. Thus, the simple approximate plate theories have attracted much interest for the calculation of wave fields in FGM plates. Therefore, in the current research, the classical plate theory (CPT), first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) are used to obtain the transient responses of flexural waves in FGM plates subjected to transverse impulsive loadings. Moreover, comparing the results with those based on a well recognized hybrid numerical method (HNM), we examine the accuracy of the plate theories for several plates of various thicknesses under excitations of different frequencies. The material properties of the plate are assumed to vary across the plate thickness according to a simple power-law distribution in terms of volume fractions of constituents. In all analyses, spatial Fourier transform together with modal analysis are applied to compute displacement responses of the plates. A comparison of the results demonstrates the reliability ranges of the approximate plate theories for elastic wave propagation analysis in FGM plates. Furthermore, based on various examples, it is shown that whenever the plate theories are used within the appropriate ranges of plate thickness and frequency content, solution process in wave number-time domain based on modal analysis approach is not only sufficient but also efficient for finding the transient waveforms in FGM plates. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

21 CFR 872.6200 - Base plate shellac.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Base plate shellac. 872.6200 Section 872.6200 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6200 Base plate shellac. (a) Identification. Base plant...

21 CFR 872.6200 - Base plate shellac.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Base plate shellac. 872.6200 Section 872.6200 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6200 Base plate shellac. (a) Identification. Base plant...

21 CFR 872.6200 - Base plate shellac.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Base plate shellac. 872.6200 Section 872.6200 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6200 Base plate shellac. (a) Identification. Base plant...

21 CFR 872.6200 - Base plate shellac.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 8 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Base plate shellac. 872.6200 Section 872.6200 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) MEDICAL DEVICES DENTAL DEVICES Miscellaneous Devices § 872.6200 Base plate shellac. (a) Identification. Base plant...

Effect of Bioactive Materials Modified with Chondroitin Sulfate on Human MSC =

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De La Torre Torres, Jessica Elizabeth

In this project chondroitin sulfate (CS) and growth factors were studied for their effect on hMSC in biomaterials. First, the effect of these biomolecules was tested in solution. Then, two kinds of biomaterials were created: bioactive surfaces for enhancing bioactivity of implantable devices and bioactive hydrogels which can be used as 3D scaffolds for cell encapsulation and delivery. A pro-survival effect of the growth factors studied in this project (epidermal growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor) was not observed when tested in solution, therefore the project further focused on CS effect only. Interestingly, CS did not affect cell growth in media containing serum, while inducing cell detachment from substrate in serum free conditions. For the bioactive surfaces construction, CS was grafted to either an amine-rich plasmapolymerized coating created on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films (further referred as LP) or to commercial cell culture plates functionalized with amino groups. The bioactive surfaces were characterized by different techniques such as contact angle, atomic force microscopy, Orange II dye and Toluidine Blue O dye colorimetric assays (for amino group and CS quantification respectively) and finally, cell culture experiments (adhesion, growth and survival). Results confirmed the presence of CS grafted on both substrates. Commercial amine plates grafted almost five times more CS compared to LP. This rendered the surface antifouling for proteins and cells as confirmed by protein adsorption and cell culture assays. Cell culture assays on bioactive surfaces based on LP demonstrated improved cell adhesion and growth when compared to tissue culture plates or bare PET films in serum containing conditions. Chitosan based hydrogels containing CS at a concentration of 500 mug/ml resulted in a cohesive hydrogel which supported hMSC viability up to 7 days. However increasing CS concentration to high level such as 10000 mug/ml led to decrease of cell viability after 4 or 7 days, probably due to lack of porosity and water since the hydrogel precipitates upon formation and expulses water. In conclusion, this work demonstrated that CS immobilization can enhance the biological interactions of hMSC with biomaterials used for implantable devices such as PET. Further studies are needed to evaluate the possible effect of CS on hMSC differentiation and phenotype. Hydrogels with CS could be very interesting for tissue engineering applications such as cartilage formation. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).

Boattail Plates With Non-Rectangular Geometries For Reducing Aerodynamic Base Drag Of A Bluff Body In Ground Effect

DOEpatents

Ortega, Jason M.; Sabari, Kambiz

2006-03-07

An apparatus for reducing the aerodynamic base drag of a bluff body having a leading end, a trailing end, a top surface, opposing left and right side surfaces, and a base surface at the trailing end substantially normal to a longitudinal centerline of the bluff body, with the base surface joined (1) to the left side surface at a left trailing edge, (2) to the right side surface at a right trailing edge, and (3) to the top surface at a top trailing edge. The apparatus includes left and right vertical boattail plates which are orthogonally attached to the base surface of the bluff body and inwardly offset from the left and right trailing edges, respectively. This produces left and right vertical channels which generate, in a flowstream substantially parallel to the longitudinal centerline, respective left and right vertically-aligned vortical structures, with the left and right vertical boattail plates each having a plate width defined by a rear edge of the plate spaced from the base surface. Each plate also has a peak plate width at a location between top and bottom ends of the plate corresponding to a peak vortex of the respective vertically-aligned vortical structures.

PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF TANTALUM ON GUN BARREL STEEL (SYSTEMS ANLAYSIS BRANCH, SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGY DIVISION, NRMRL)

EPA Science Inventory

This project entails the development of an alternative technology for plating gun barrel steel to replace the process electroplating of chrome (Cr-electroplate) with physical vapor deposition of tantalum (Ta-PVD). Developed by Benet Laboratory at Watervliet Arsenal, this project'...

Proceedings of the 21st Project Integration Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

Progress made by the Flat Plate Solar Array Project during the period April 1982 to January 1983 is described. Reports on polysilicon refining, thin film solar cell and module technology development, central station electric utility activities, silicon sheet growth and characteristics, advanced photovoltaic materials, cell and processes research, module technology, environmental isolation, engineering sciences, module performance and failure analysis and project analysis and integration are included.

Development of technique for AR coating and nickel and copper metallization of solar cells: FPS project, product development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rominger, C. G.

1981-01-01

Silicon nitride and nickel pastes are investigated in conjunction with a brush copper plating process for the purpose of identifying one or more fabrication sequences which yield at least 10 percent efficient N(+)/P(+) flat plate solar cells. The adhesion of all nickel pastes is reduced significantly when subjected to acidic and alkaline brush copper plating solutions as a result of a combination of thermally induced stress and chemical attack of the frit, which occurs at the interface with the silicon solar cell. The AgF is penetrating the 800 a of Si3N4 and ohmic contact is occurring at all fire-in tempertures. During the brush plating process, fingers and buss bars tend to spread.

Polyfibroblast: A Self-Healing and Galvanic Protection Additive

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-04-25

of premature microcapsule rupture, and have shown that the microcapsules are resilient to solvent soaking. 2 Project Goals and Objectives This month...capability of Polyfibroblast microcapsules , we designed the following test. We short-circuited a A1008 steel specimen to a strip of polyurethane...pH New experiments have revealed that alkaline plating baths etch the polymer skin layer. Fresh microcapsules placed in plating baths with a pH of

Time Domain Reflectometry for Damage Detection of Laminated CFRP plate

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-08-18

Final Report PROJECT ID: AOARD-10-4112 Title: Time Domain Reflectometry for damage detection of laminated CFRP plate Researcher: Professor Akira...From July/2010 To July/2011 Abstract Recently, high toughness Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates are used to primary structures. The...large laminated CFRP structures. In the previous study, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) method is adopted for the detection of the fiber breakages of

Energy-harvesting laser phosphor display and its design considerations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fujieda, Ichiro; Itaya, Shunsuke; Ohta, Masamichi; Hirai, Yuuki; Kohmoto, Takamasa

2017-04-01

One can convert a luminescent solar concentrator to a display by projecting intensity-modulated light on it. We fabricated a 95 mm×95 mm×10 mm screen by sandwiching a thin coumarin 6 layer with two acrylic plates. We removed the light source in a commercial projector and fed a blue laser beam into its optics. It displayed monochrome images on the screen clearly. A photodiode covered a 10 mm×10 mm region on the edge surface of the screen. As we pulsed the laser, the photodiode output varied synchronously. Its output indicates that a fully covered version would harvest up to 71% of the incoming laser power. However, a ghost image was noticeable when we displayed a high-contrast still image. We address two aspects in design considerations. First, tiling small modules will reduce the thickness of a large-area projection system and alleviate its self-absorption loss. For seamless tiling, we can attach output couplers to the surface of the transparent plate and extract photoluminescence (PL) photons in each module. Second, the origin of the ghost image is the PL photons reflected at the plate-air interface inside the screen. Thinning the transparent plate facing the projector will eliminate such an optical cross talk.

Research and Development of Heavy Gauge X80 Pipeline Plate Utilizing Optimized Rolling and Cooling Process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shaopo; Li, Jiading; Ding, Wenhua; Zhang, Hai

This paper reports on the experience with the production of 27/33 mm X80 heavy wall thicknesses, large OD (48") in Shouqin Steel Co., Ltd. (SQS). Considering the technology capability of the plate mill in SQS, a optimized rolling and cooling process was developed to achieve stable heavy gauge X80 mechanical properties. The importance of the slab reheating process and rolling schedule will be discussed in the paper. In addition, the per pass reductions logic used during recrystallized rough rolling, and special emphasis on the reduction of the final roughing pass prior to the intermediate holding resulting in a fine uniform prior austenite microstructure will be discussed. The optimized cooling process application after finish rolling guarantees the steady control of the final bainitic microstructure with optimum M/A phase for heavy gauge X80 plates. The plates produced by this process achieved good flatness and excellent mechanical properties. SQS has produced 10000 tons 27mm X80 for the Middle Asia C Line Project and 1000 tons 33mm X80 for the 3rd West-to-East Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Project in 2013-2014. The products utilizing optimized rolling and cooling process showed extremely excellent low temperature toughness.

High speed wide field CMOS camera for Transneptunian Automatic Occultation Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Shiang-Yu; Geary, John C.; Amato, Stephen M.; Hu, Yen-Sang; Ling, Hung-Hsu; Huang, Pin-Jie; Furesz, Gabor; Chen, Hsin-Yo; Chang, Yin-Chang; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Lehner, Matthew; Norton, Timothy

2014-08-01

The Transneptunian Automated Occultation Survey (TAOS II) is a three robotic telescope project to detect the stellar occultation events generated by Trans Neptunian Objects (TNOs). TAOS II project aims to monitor about 10000 stars simultaneously at 20Hz to enable statistically significant event rate. The TAOS II camera is designed to cover the 1.7 degree diameter field of view (FoV) of the 1.3m telescope with 10 mosaic 4.5kx2k CMOS sensors. The new CMOS sensor has a back illumination thinned structure and high sensitivity to provide similar performance to that of the backillumination thinned CCDs. The sensor provides two parallel and eight serial decoders so the region of interests can be addressed and read out separately through different output channels efficiently. The pixel scale is about 0.6"/pix with the 16μm pixels. The sensors, mounted on a single Invar plate, are cooled to the operation temperature of about 200K by a cryogenic cooler. The Invar plate is connected to the dewar body through a supporting ring with three G10 bipods. The deformation of the cold plate is less than 10μm to ensure the sensor surface is always within ±40μm of focus range. The control electronics consists of analog part and a Xilinx FPGA based digital circuit. For each field star, 8×8 pixels box will be readout. The pixel rate for each channel is about 1Mpix/s and the total pixel rate for each camera is about 80Mpix/s. The FPGA module will calculate the total flux and also the centroid coordinates for every field star in each exposure.

A comparison of field-dependent rheological properties between spherical and plate-like carbonyl iron particles-based magneto-rheological fluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan Shilan, Salihah; Amri Mazlan, Saiful; Ido, Yasushi; Hajalilou, Abdollah; Jeyadevan, Balachandran; Choi, Seung-Bok; Azhani Yunus, Nurul

2016-09-01

This work proposes different sizes of the plate-like particles from conventional spherical carbonyl iron (CI) particles by adjusting milling time in the ball mill process. The ball mill process to make the plate-like particles is called a solid-state powder processing technique which involves repeated welding, fracturing and re-welding of powder particles in a high-energy ball mill. The effect of ball milling process on the magnetic behavior of CI particles is firstly investigated by vibrating sample magnetometer. It is found form this investigation that the plate-like particles have higher saturation magnetization (about 8%) than that of the spherical particles. Subsequently, for the investigation on the sedimentation behavior the cylindrical measurement technique is used. It is observed from this measurement that the plate-like particles show slower sedimentation rate compared to the spherical particles indicating higher stability of the MR fluid. The field-dependent rheological properties of MR fluids based on the plate-like particles are then investigated with respect to the milling time which is directly connected to the size of the plate-like particles. In addition, the field-dependent rheological properties such as the yield stress are evaluated and compared between the plate-like particles based MR fluids and the spherical particles based MR fluid. It is found that the yield shear stress of the plate-like particles based MR fluid is increased up to 270% compared to the spherical particles based MR fluid.

Carbon-Carbon Recuperators in Closed-Brayton-Cycle Nuclear Space Power Systems: A Feasibility Assessment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barrett, Michael J.; Johnson, Paul K.

2004-01-01

The feasibility of using carbon-carbon recuperators in closed-Brayton-cycle (CBC) nuclear space power conversion systems (PCS) was assessed. Recuperator performance expectations were forecast based on projected thermodynamic cycle state values for a planetary mission. Resulting thermal performance, mass and volume for a plate-fin carbon-carbon recuperator were estimated and quantitatively compared with values for a conventional offset-strip-fin metallic design. Material compatibility issues regarding carbon-carbon surfaces exposed to the working fluid in the CBC PCS were also discussed.

Development of new sealed bipolar lead-acid battery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Attia, Alan I.; Rowlette, J. J.

1987-01-01

New light weight composite bipolar plates which can withstand the corrosive environment of the lead acid battery have made possible the construction of a sealed bipolar lead acid battery that promises to achieve very high specific power levels and substantially higher energy densities than conventional lead acid batteries. Performance projections based on preliminary experimental results show that the peak specific power of the battery can be as high as 90 kW/kg, and that a specific power of 5 kW/kg can be sustained over several thousand pulses.

The development of a new sealed bipolar lead-acid battery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Attia, A. I.; Rowlette, J. J.

1988-01-01

New light weight composite bipolar plates which can withstand the corrosive environment of the lead acid battery have made possible the construction of a sealed bipolar lead acid battery that promises to achieve very high specific power levels and substantially higher energy densities than conventional lead acid batteries. Performance projections based on preliminary experimental results show that the peak specific power of the battery can be as high as 90 kW/kg, and that a specific power of 5 kW/kg can be sustained over several thousand pulses.

Daylighting with Fluorescent Concentrators and Highly Reflective Silver-Coated Plastic Films: A New Application for New Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zastrow, Armin; Wittwer, Volker

1986-09-01

The interest in efficient daylighting systems has grown recently, due to their potential for saving a considerable amount of electrical energy used for lighting purposes. In this paper we discuss the properties of daylighting systems based on either fluorescent planar concentrators and transparent light guiding plates or light pipes coated with highly reflective silver coated plastic films. Finally we give first results from a demonstration project, daylighting systems in the students' living quarters in Stuttgart-Hohenheim, which is supported by the Commission of the European Communities.

Buffalo Metropolitan Area, New York Water Resources Management. Detailed Project Report for Flood Management in Cayuga Creek Watershed.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-01

present within Cheektowaga’s industrial base implies that their markets and custo- mers extend throughout the Buffalo SNSA. Although the flood plain does...They include the growth of markets in the south and west, a high level of taxes, a low level of value added per dollar labor costs, older plants, and...and organic materials. 5.4 Possible Sources 5.4.1 General - Those sources listed on Plates C-9 through C-17 and contain suitable inplace stone to

SCAT Packaging Project. Investigation of Means for Transporting a Submersible Remotely Controlled Tethered Vehicle and Its Components via Commercial Air Freight.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-24

7000 lbs 3175 kgs Internal Volume 238 cu. ft./6.7 cu. m, External Volume 267 cu. ft.17.5 cu. m. Construction: Shell Laminated reinforced fiberglas...Base Aluminum plate or Balsa aluminum laminate Vinyl cover and nylon net Figure 2. LD-1 I container. Coipyright Q 19)77 by TranISCqLp Inc. Reproduced... laminate and can be obtained with or without forklift capability. The containers all have one open side for loading and unloading. The covering for

Design and Test Results of AMIGO: A Novel Remote Ground Sensor System

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-01-01

prix ou dans l’IR à prix élevé); le corps principal équipé de capteurs et de composants électroniques de base à faible prix ; et une plate-forme...reine, représentée par le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2007 DRDC Valcartier TR 2005-272 i Abstract The objectives of the project...Observation) a pour but d’étudier les technologies relatives aux systèmes de détecteurs autonomes au sol (DAS) et de mettre au point, puis de

Methods for testing Zernike phase plates and a report on silicon-based phase plates with reduced charging and improved ageing characteristics

PubMed Central

Marko, Michael; Meng, Xing; Hsieh, Chyongere; Roussie, James; Striemer, Christopher

2013-01-01

Imaging with Zernike phase plates is increasingly being used in cryo-TEM tomography and cryo-EM single-particle applications. However, rapid ageing of the phase plates, together with the cost and effort in producing them, present serious obstacles to widespread adoption. We are experimenting with phase plates based on silicon chips that have thin windows; such phase plates could be mass-produced and made available at moderate cost. The windows are coated with conductive layers to reduce charging, and this considerably extends the useful life of the phase plates compared to traditional pure-carbon phase plates. However, a compromise must be reached between robustness and transmission through the phase-plate film. Details are given on testing phase-plate performance by means of imaging an amorphous thin film and evaluating the power spectra of the images. PMID:23994351

Actively controlling coolant-cooled cold plate configuration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chainer, Timothy J.; Parida, Pritish R.

Cooling apparatuses are provided to facilitate active control of thermal and fluid dynamic performance of a coolant-cooled cold plate. The cooling apparatus includes the cold plate and a controller. The cold plate couples to one or more electronic components to be cooled, and includes an adjustable physical configuration. The controller dynamically varies the adjustable physical configuration of the cold plate based on a monitored variable associated with the cold plate or the electronic component(s) being cooled by the cold plate. By dynamically varying the physical configuration, the thermal and fluid dynamic performance of the cold plate are adjusted to, formore » example, optimally cool the electronic component(s), and at the same time, reduce cooling power consumption used in cooling the electronic component(s). The physical configuration can be adjusted by providing one or more adjustable plates within the cold plate, the positioning of which may be adjusted based on the monitored variable.« less

A seismic reflection image for the base of a tectonic plate.

PubMed

Stern, T A; Henrys, S A; Okaya, D; Louie, J N; Savage, M K; Lamb, S; Sato, H; Sutherland, R; Iwasaki, T

2015-02-05

Plate tectonics successfully describes the surface of Earth as a mosaic of moving lithospheric plates. But it is not clear what happens at the base of the plates, the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB). The LAB has been well imaged with converted teleseismic waves, whose 10-40-kilometre wavelength controls the structural resolution. Here we use explosion-generated seismic waves (of about 0.5-kilometre wavelength) to form a high-resolution image for the base of an oceanic plate that is subducting beneath North Island, New Zealand. Our 80-kilometre-wide image is based on P-wave reflections and shows an approximately 15° dipping, abrupt, seismic wave-speed transition (less than 1 kilometre thick) at a depth of about 100 kilometres. The boundary is parallel to the top of the plate and seismic attributes indicate a P-wave speed decrease of at least 8 ± 3 per cent across it. A parallel reflection event approximately 10 kilometres deeper shows that the decrease in P-wave speed is confined to a channel at the base of the plate, which we interpret as a sheared zone of ponded partial melts or volatiles. This is independent, high-resolution evidence for a low-viscosity channel at the LAB that decouples plates from mantle flow beneath, and allows plate tectonics to work.

Projection display industry market and technology trends

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castellano, Joseph A.; Mentley, David E.

1995-04-01

The projection display industry is diverse, embracing a variety of technologies and applications. In recent years, there has been a high level of interest in projection displays, particularly those using LCD panels or light valves because of the difficulty in making large screen, direct view displays. Many developers feel that projection displays will be the wave of the future for large screen HDTV (high-definition television), penetrating the huge existing market for direct view CRT-based televisions. Projection displays can have the images projected onto a screen either from the rear or the front; the main characteristic is their ability to be viewed by more than one person. In addition to large screen home television receivers, there are numerous other uses for projection displays including conference room presentations, video conferences, closed circuit programming, computer-aided design, and military command/control. For any given application, the user can usually choose from several alternative technologies. These include CRT front or rear projectors, LCD front or rear projectors, LCD overhead projector plate monitors, various liquid or solid-state light valve projectors, or laser-addressed systems. The overall worldwide market for projection information displays of all types and for all applications, including home television, will top DOL4.6 billion in 1995 and DOL6.45 billion in 2001.

A new high-resolution kinematic model for the southern North Atlantic region: the Iberian plate kinematics since the Late Cretaceous

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Macchiavelli, Chiara; Vergés, Jaume; Schettino, Antonio; Fernández, Manel; Turco, Eugenio; Torné, Montserrat; Casciello, Emilio

2017-04-01

We present the first high-resolution kinematic model for the southern North Atlantic since the late Cretaceous, in order to constrain the Iberian kinematics during the last 83 Myr. Assessing the detailed movements of the Iberian plate is crucial to constrain the kinematics of the Western Mediterranean region and to better understand the Pyrenees and Betic - Rif orogenic systems evolution. The new plate motions model for the Iberia - North America plate pair is accompanied by a high-resolution isochron map for the southern North Atlantic region, resulting from a re-examination of 400 ship tracks and 3 aeromagnetic tracks in the NGDC data base for the area between the Azores triple junction and 46° N. We derive a well-constrained kinematic solution for the relative motion between an independent Iberia and North America from seafloor spreading data despite the short length of the magnetic lineations and the scarcity of large-offset transform faults and fracture zones. Accurate finite reconstruction poles for the Iberia - North America conjugate plate pair between the Late Cretaceous (Chron 34, 83.5 Ma) and the present day (Chron 2A, 2.58 Ma) are calculated on the basis of a set of 100 magnetic profiles through an iterative method. Euler poles and associated angles of rotation are computed as follow. An initial rotation pole is calculated using only magnetic anomaly crossings. The initial large uncertainty associated with the first determination is reduced by generating a set of synthetic fracture zones associated with the initial pole and using points sampled along these structures in conjunction with magnetic anomaly crossings to calculate a new Euler pole and associated confidence ellipse. This procedure is repeated n times, generating a sequence of improving approximate solutions and stopped when the solution become stable excluding solutions that were inconsistent with geological constraints. We used these results to build a comprehensive kinematic model for the North America - Iberia - Europe - Africa - Morocco plate system. A set of plate reconstructions illustrates the Iberian plate kinematics and show plate boundaries and velocity fields since the Late Cretaceous attempting to reconcile the geology of Pyrenees and Betic - Rif chain and the kinematic of the southern North Atlantic Ocean. This research is supported by project ALPIMED (PIE-CSIC-201530E082)

Performance optimization of plate heat exchangers with chevron plates

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muley, A.; Manglik, R.M.

1999-07-01

The enhanced heat transfer performance of a chevron plate heat exchanger (PHE) is evaluated employing (1) energy-conservation based performance evaluation criteria (PECs), and (2) the second-law based minimization of entropy generation principle. Single-phase laminar and turbulent flow convection for three different chevron-plate arrangements are considered. The influence of plate surface corrugation characteristics and their stack arrangements on the heat exchanger's thermal-hydraulic performance is delineated. Based on the different figures of merit, the results show that the extent of heat transfer enhancement increases with flow Re and chevron angle {beta} in laminar flow, but it diminishes with increasing Re in turbulentmore » flows. With up to 2.9 times higher Q, 48% lower A, and entropy generation number N{sub s,a} {lt} 1, relative to an equivalent flat-plate pack, chevron plates are found to be especially suitable in the low to medium flow rates range (20 {le} Re {le} 2,000). Also, there appears to be no significant advantage of using a mixed-plate over a symmetric-plate arrangement.« less

Statistical Analyses of Femur Parameters for Designing Anatomical Plates.

PubMed

Wang, Lin; He, Kunjin; Chen, Zhengming

2016-01-01

Femur parameters are key prerequisites for scientifically designing anatomical plates. Meanwhile, individual differences in femurs present a challenge to design well-fitting anatomical plates. Therefore, to design anatomical plates more scientifically, analyses of femur parameters with statistical methods were performed in this study. The specific steps were as follows. First, taking eight anatomical femur parameters as variables, 100 femur samples were classified into three classes with factor analysis and Q-type cluster analysis. Second, based on the mean parameter values of the three classes of femurs, three sizes of average anatomical plates corresponding to the three classes of femurs were designed. Finally, based on Bayes discriminant analysis, a new femur could be assigned to the proper class. Thereafter, the average anatomical plate suitable for that new femur was selected from the three available sizes of plates. Experimental results showed that the classification of femurs was quite reasonable based on the anatomical aspects of the femurs. For instance, three sizes of condylar buttress plates were designed. Meanwhile, 20 new femurs are judged to which classes the femurs belong. Thereafter, suitable condylar buttress plates were determined and selected.

Multilayer ultra thick resist development for MEMS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Washio, Yasushi; Senzaki, Takahiro; Masuda, Yasuo; Saito, Koji; Obiya, Hiroyuki

2005-05-01

MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) is achieved through a process technology, called Micro-machining. There are two distinct methods to manufacture a MEMS-product. One method is to form permanent film through photolithography, and the other is to form a non-permanent film resist after photolithography proceeded by etch or plating process. The three-dimensional ultra-fine processing technology based on photolithography, and is assembled by processes, such as anode junction, and post lithography processes such as etching and plating. Currently ORDYL PR-100 (Dry Film Type) is used for the permanent resist process. TOK has developed TMMR S2000 (Liquid Type) and TMMF S2000 (Dry Film Type) also. TOK has developed a new process utilizing these resist. The electro-forming method by photolithography is developed as one of the methods for enabling high resolution and high aspect formation. In recent years, it has become possible to manufacture conventionally difficult multilayer through our development with material and equipment project (M&E). As for material for electro-forming, it was checked that chemically amplified resist is optimal from the reaction mechanism as it is easily removed by the clean solution. Moreover, multiple plating formations were enabled with the resist through a new process. As for the equipment, TOK developed Applicator (It can apply 500 or more μms) and Developer, which achieves high throughput and quality. The detailed plating formations, which a path differs, and air wiring are realizable through M&E. From the above results, opposed to metallic mold plating, electro-forming method by resist, enabled to form high resolution and aspect pattern, at low cost. It is thought that the infinite possibility spreads by applying this process.

Calibration and use of filter test facility orifice plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fain, D. E.; Selby, T. W.

1984-07-01

There are three official DOE filter test facilities. These test facilities are used by the DOE, and others, to test nuclear grade HEPA filters to provide Quality Assurance that the filters meet the required specifications. The filters are tested for both filter efficiency and pressure drop. In the test equipment, standard orifice plates are used to set the specified flow rates for the tests. There has existed a need to calibrate the orifice plates from the three facilities with a common calibration source to assure that the facilities have comparable tests. A project has been undertaken to calibrate these orifice plates. In addition to reporting the results of the calibrations of the orifice plates, the means for using the calibration results will be discussed. A comparison of the orifice discharge coefficients for the orifice plates used at the seven facilities will be given. The pros and cons for the use of mass flow or volume flow rates for testing will be discussed. It is recommended that volume flow rates be used as a more practical and comparable means of testing filters. The rationale for this recommendation will be discussed.

Core-log integration for rock mechanics using borehole breakouts and rock strength experiments: Recent results from plate subduction margins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saito, S.; Lin, W.

2014-12-01

Core-log integration has been applied for rock mechanics studies in scientific ocean drilling since 2007 in plate subduction margins such as Nankai Trough, Costa Rica margin, and Japan Trench. State of stress in subduction wedge is essential for controlling dynamics of plate boundary fault. One of the common methods to estimate stress state is analysis of borehole breakouts (drilling induced borehole wall compressive failures) recorded in borehole image logs to determine the maximum horizontal principal stress orientation. Borehole breakouts can also yield possible range of stress magnitude based on a rock compressive strength criterion. In this study, we constrained the stress magnitudes based on two different rock failure criteria, the Mohr-Coulomb (MC) criteria and the modified Wiebols-Cook (mWC) criteria. As the MC criterion is the same as that under unconfined compression state, only one rock parameter, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is needed to constrain stress magnitudes. The mWC criterion needs the UCS, Poisson's ratio and internal frictional coefficient determined by triaxial compression experiments to take the intermediate principal stress effects on rock strength into consideration. We conducted various strength experiments on samples taken during IODP Expeditions 334/344 (Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project) to evaluate reliable method to estimate stress magnitudes. Our results show that the effects of the intermediate principal stress on the rock compressive failure occurred on a borehole wall is not negligible.

Paper microzone plates.

PubMed

Carrilho, Emanuel; Phillips, Scott T; Vella, Sarah J; Martinez, Andres W; Whitesides, George M

2009-08-01

This paper describes 96- and 384-microzone plates fabricated in paper as alternatives to conventional multiwell plates fabricated in molded polymers. Paper-based plates are functionally related to plastic well plates, but they offer new capabilities. For example, paper-microzone plates are thin (approximately 180 microm), require small volumes of sample (5 microL per zone), and can be manufactured from inexpensive materials ($0.05 per plate). The paper-based plates are fabricated by patterning sheets of paper, using photolithography, into hydrophilic zones surrounded by hydrophobic polymeric barriers. This photolithography used an inexpensive formulation photoresist that allows rapid (approximately 15 min) prototyping of paper-based plates. These plates are compatible with conventional microplate readers for quantitative absorbance and fluorescence measurements. The limit of detection per zone loaded for fluorescence was 125 fmol for fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin, and this level corresponds to 0.02 the quantity of analyte per well used to achieve comparable signal-to-noise in a 96-well plastic plate (using a solution of 25 nM labeled protein). The limits of detection for absorbance on paper was approximately 50 pmol per zone for both Coomassie Brilliant Blue and Amaranth dyes; these values were 0.4 that required for the plastic plate. Demonstration of quantitative colorimetric correlations using a scanner or camera to image the zones and to measure the intensity of color, makes it possible to conduct assays without a microplate reader.

[Investigation of color vision in acute unilateral optic neuritis using a web-based color vision test].

PubMed

Kuchenbecker, J; Blum, M; Paul, F

2016-03-01

In acute unilateral optic neuritis (ON) color vision defects combined with a decrease in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity frequently occur. This study investigated whether a web-based color vision test is a reliable detector of acquired color vision defects in ON and, if so, which charts are particularly suitable. In 12 patients with acute unilateral ON, a web-based color vision test ( www.farbsehtest.de ) with 25 color plates (16 Velhagen/Broschmann and 9 Ishihara color plates) was performed. For each patient the affected eye was tested first and then the unaffected eye. The mean best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) in the ON eye was 0.36 ± 0.20 and 1.0 ± 0.1 in the contralateral eye. The number of incorrectly read plates correlated with the visual acuity. For the ON eye a total of 134 plates were correctly identified and 166 plates were incorrectly identified, while for the disease-free fellow eye, 276 plates were correctly identified and 24 plates were incorrectly identified. Both of the blue/yellow plates were identified correctly 14 times and incorrectly 10 times using the ON eye and exclusively correctly (24 times) using the fellow eye. The Velhagen/Broschmann plates were incorrectly identified significantly more frequently in comparison with the Ishihara plates. In 4 out of 16 Velhagen/Broschmann plates and 5 out of 9 Ishihara plates, no statistically significant differences between the ON eye and the fellow eye could be detected. The number of incorrectly identified plates correlated with a decrease in visual acuity. Red/green and blue/yellow plates were incorrectly identified significantly more frequently with the ON eye, while the Velhagen/Broschmann color plates were incorrectly identified significantly more frequently than the Ishihara color plates. Thus, under defined test conditions the web-based color vision test can also be used to detect acquired color vision defects, such as those caused by ON. Optimization of the test by altering the combination of plates may be a useful next step.

A theory for the fracture of thin plates subjected to bending and twisting moments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hui, C. Y.; Zehnder, Alan T.

1993-01-01

Stress fields near the tip of a through crack in an elastic plate under bending and twisting moments are reviewed assuming both Kirchhoff and Reissner plate theories. The crack tip displacement and rotation fields based on the Reissner theory are calculated. These results are used to calculate the J-integral (energy release rate) for both Kirchhoff and Reissner plate theories. Invoking Simmonds and Duva's (1981) result that the value of the J-integral based on either theory is the same for thin plates, a universal relationship between the Kirchhoff theory stress intensity factors and the Reissner theory stress intensity factors is obtained for thin plates. Calculation of Kirchhoff theory stress intensity factors from finite elements based on energy release rate is illustrated. It is proposed that, for thin plates, fracture toughness and crack growth rates be correlated with the Kirchhoff theory stress intensity factors.

Proceedings of the 26th Project Integration Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

Progress made by the Flat-plate Solar Array (FSA) Project is described for the period July 1985 to April 1986. Included are reports on silicon sheet growth and characterization, silicon material, process development, high-efficienty cells, environmental isolation, engineering sciences, and reliability physics. Also included are technical and plenary presentations made at the 26th Project Integration Meeting (PIM) held on April 29 to 30 and May 1, 1986.

Archaeological Investigations at Site 45-DO-214, Chief Joseph Dam Project, Washington.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

Reconstructed haft...... .................. 106 Plate 5-3. Chokecherry pit with charred flesh .. .. . .. ....... 112 Plate 6-?. Artifact cache, Feature 5...virginlana L. ( chokecherry ) Two nearly entire chokecherry pits with partial flesh were found in Zone 3 near Feature 5. Both are completely carbonized. One...Post (in Spier 1938:28), chokecherry fruits were gathered In mid-August and often were treated like servIceberrIes, dried on mats and stored whole

A description of Pseudechiniscus xiai sp. nov., with a key to genus Pseudechiniscus in China.

PubMed

Wang, Lizhi; Xue, Jing; Li, Xiaochen

2018-03-01

The new species from the Liupan Mountains in China, Pseudechiniscus xiai sp. nov., differs from other Pseudechiniscus species by the following characters: absence of striae between dots which institute cuticular sculpture, projections absent on caudal margin of pseudosegmental plate, notches absent on caudal margin of terminal plate, dots on ventral side of body forms a reticular patched design. A diagnostic key to the Chinese Pseudechiniscus species is provided.

Heavy Wrought Armor Metallurgical Evaluation of Commercially Produced Heavy Wrought Armor to Improve the Specification Requirements

DTIC Science & Technology

1948-02-02

Armor, Steel , Wrought, Over 4" WAL Project No.: 8.11-G TITLE HEAVY WROUGHT ARMOR Metallurgical Evaluation of Commercially Produced * . Heavy Wrought...Tentative Specification AXS-1803 Armor Plate: Steel , Wrought, Homogeneous (4" to 1211 inclusive). The results of the investi- gation indicated the...Plate: Steel , Wrought, Homogeneous (4" to 12" inclusive)". .’o* -... . . . . .’"-’ ."-. - -- -" - -"-. ."-. 2

Geophysics and Tectonic Development of the Caroline Basin.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

three diverse (shallow and intermediate depth ) epicenters scattered along the eastern margin of the Caroline Basin, one mech- anism determination has been...between the plates could conceivably change to a relative left-lateral motion of the Pacific Plate along a transform boundary. Again there is no...Sea Drilling Project, southwest Pacific structures : Geotimes, v. 18, P. 18-21. Scientific Staff, 1978, Leg 60 ends in Guam: Geotimes, v. 23, p. 19-23

Spectrum Project

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-10-16

Inside the Spectrum prototype unit, organisms in a Petri plate are exposed to blue excitation lighting. The device works by exposing organisms to different colors of fluorescent light while a camera records what's happening with time-lapse photography. Results from the Spectrum project will shed light on which living things are best suited for long-duration flights into deep space.

Overhead Projection Cell for Streamline Flow

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waage, Harold M.

1969-01-01

Describes the construction and operation of an overhead projection apparatus designed to demonstrate streamline flow of a liquid. The apparatus consists of a Plexiglass tank containing water in which plates forming the cell are submerged, a constant level reservoir, an overflow device and a system for marking the flow lines with a dye. (LC)

Spectrum Project

NASA Image and Video Library

2017-10-16

Inside the Spectrum prototype unit, organisms in a Petri plate are exposed to different colors of lighting. The device works by exposing organisms to different colors of fluorescent light while a camera records what's happening with time-lapse photography. Results from the Spectrum project will shed light on which living things are best suited for long-duration flights into deep space.

Proceedings of the 22nd Project Integration Meeting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

This report describes progress made by the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project during the period January to September 1983. It includes reports on silicon sheet growth and characterization, module technology, silicon material, cell processing and high-efficiency cells, environmental isolation, engineering sciences, module performance and failure analysis and project analysis and integration. It includes a report on, and copies of visual presentations made at the 22nd Project Integration Meeting held at Pasadena, California, on September 28 and 29, 1983.

Recreational Development and Fish and Wildlife Enhancement, Lake Rebecca, Hastings, Minnesota.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-03-01

plate 2. The line would continue down the road to L/D 2, turn vest and follow the property line of the Koch Refining Company , pass through the center of...existing poles in the lake would be removed and the lake crossed in a single span. 11A SECTION ONE PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.052 Northern States Power Company ...to pay, a hypothetical day-use value is carefully estimated and applied to the annual project visitation projection to determine project benefits. A

Production of Copper-Plated Beamline Bellows and Spools for LCLS-II

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilson, Katherine M.; Carpenter, Brian C.; Daly, Ed

The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is currently constructing a major upgrade to its accelerator, the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II). Several Department of Energy national laboratories, including the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), are participating in this project. The 1.3-GHz cryomodules for this project consist of eight cavities separated by bellows (expansion joints) and spools (tube sections), which are copper plated for RF conduction. JLab is responsible for procurement of these bellows and spools, which are delivered to JLab and FNAL for assembly into cryomodules. Achieving accelerator-grade copper plating is always amore » challenge and requires careful specification of requirements and application of quality control processes. Due to the demanding technical requirements of this part, JLab implemented procurement strategies to make the process more efficient as well as provide process redundancy. This paper discusses the manufacturing challenges that were encountered and resolved, as well as the strategies that were employed to minimize the impact of any technical issues.« less

Towards development of enhanced fully-Lagrangian mesh-free computational methods for fluid-structure interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khayyer, Abbas; Gotoh, Hitoshi; Falahaty, Hosein; Shimizu, Yuma

2018-02-01

Simulation of incompressible fluid flow-elastic structure interactions is targeted by using fully-Lagrangian mesh-free computational methods. A projection-based fluid model (moving particle semi-implicit (MPS)) is coupled with either a Newtonian or a Hamiltonian Lagrangian structure model (MPS or HMPS) in a mathematically-physically consistent manner. The fluid model is founded on the solution of Navier-Stokes and continuity equations. The structure models are configured either in the framework of Newtonian mechanics on the basis of conservation of linear and angular momenta, or Hamiltonian mechanics on the basis of variational principle for incompressible elastodynamics. A set of enhanced schemes are incorporated for projection-based fluid model (Enhanced MPS), thus, the developed coupled solvers for fluid structure interaction (FSI) are referred to as Enhanced MPS-MPS and Enhanced MPS-HMPS. Besides, two smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)-based FSI solvers, being developed by the authors, are considered and their potential applicability and comparable performance are briefly discussed in comparison with MPS-based FSI solvers. The SPH-based FSI solvers are established through coupling of projection-based incompressible SPH (ISPH) fluid model and SPH-based Newtonian/Hamiltonian structure models, leading to Enhanced ISPH-SPH and Enhanced ISPH-HSPH. A comparative study is carried out on the performances of the FSI solvers through a set of benchmark tests, including hydrostatic water column on an elastic plate, high speed impact of an elastic aluminum beam, hydroelastic slamming of a marine panel and dam break with elastic gate.

Project LAVA.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Cheryl

1998-01-01

Describes a summer program for teachers in the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park in which teachers share in hands-on activities that demonstrate volcanic processes including volcanic hazards, plate tectonics, and earthquakes. (DDR)

Towards a flat 45%-efficient concentrator module

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mohedano, Rubén, E-mail: rmohedano@lpi-europe.com; Hernandez, Maikel; Vilaplana, Juan

2015-09-28

The so-called CCS{sup 4}FK is an ultra-flat photovoltaic system of high concentration and high efficiency, with potential to convert, ideally, the equivalent of a 45% of direct solar radiation into electricity by optimizing the usage of sun spectrum and by collecting part of the diffuse radiation, as a flat plate does. LPI has recently finished a design based on this concept and is now developing a prototype based on this technology, thanks to the support of FUNDACION REPSOL-Fondo de Emprendedores, which promotes entrepreneur projects in different areas linked to energy. This works shows some details of the actual design andmore » preliminary potential performance expected, according to accurate spectral simulations.« less

Towards a flat 45%-efficient concentrator module

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohedano, Rubén; Hernandez, Maikel; Vilaplana, Juan; Chaves, Julio; Miñano, Juan C.; Benitez, Pablo; Sorgato, S.; Falicoff, Waqidi

2015-09-01

The so-called CCS4FK is an ultra-flat photovoltaic system of high concentration and high efficiency, with potential to convert, ideally, the equivalent of a 45% of direct solar radiation into electricity by optimizing the usage of sun spectrum and by collecting part of the diffuse radiation, as a flat plate does. LPI has recently finished a design based on this concept and is now developing a prototype based on this technology, thanks to the support of FUNDACION REPSOL-Fondo de Emprendedores, which promotes entrepreneur projects in different areas linked to energy. This works shows some details of the actual design and preliminary potential performance expected, according to accurate spectral simulations.

Crustal Structure across Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block (MEXICO): TsuJal Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nuñez-Cornu, F. J.; Nunez, D.; Barba, D. C., Sr.; Trejo, E.; Escalona, F.; Danobeitia, J.; Gutierrez Pena, Q. J.

2015-12-01

Located on the western margin of Mexico, the collision zone between Rivera, Cocos and North American plates is a complex tectonic collage with high seismic hazards and potential tsunamigenic sources. During the spring of 2014, within the framework of TSUJAL project, Spanish and Mexican scientists investigated this region with the main objective of defining the crustal architecture of this active margin and recognizing potential structural sources that can trigger earthquakes and tsunamis at the convergence between Rivera plate-Jalisco block with the North American Plate. To achieve these goals, a wide-ranging of geophysical data was acquired in this region both offshore and onshore. In this paper, we present the preliminary results obtained from this project about bathymetric, structural geology and wide-angle seismic data of the southern coast of Bahía de Banderas. A crustal P-wave velocity model for the southern coast of Bahía de Banderas was obtained using WAS data recorded by OBS and land seismic stations for more than 150 km across Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block. The thickness of the slab in this area is about 10 km and presents a dip angle about 8º. Continental crustal thickness below Puerto Vallarta is about 20 km, no evidence of continental Moho was found in this study. This model support that due to the convergence of Rivera Plate against Jalisco Block, the region of Bahía de Banderas is under strong crustal stresses that generate structural lineaments and have the same trends offshore and inland. Most of the seismicity reported can be associated to the main structural lineaments. The Banderas Canyon apparently is in an opening process from west to east, which seems to continue through the Rio Pitillal river valley. There is no seismic or morphological evidence to consider that the Banderas Canyon is a continuation of Vallarta Graben.South of María Cleofas Island, the SC marks the limit between RP and JB, possibly being the result of the RP against JB push, and where it is established the beginning of current subduction process with seismic activity associated. If a subduction type earthquake occurs in the SC, which is 100 km length, the associated magnitude will be about 7.5 and could be tsunamigenic. In the studied area, no clear subduction features (trench, accretionary prism) are observed.

The IODP NanTroSEIZE Transect: Accomplishments and Future Plans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tobin, H. J.; Kinoshita, M.; Araki, E.; Byrne, T. B.; Kimura, G.; McNeill, L. C.; Moore, G. F.; Saffer, D. M.; Underwood, M.; Saito, S.

2009-12-01

The Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) is a decade-long project to investigate the processes and properties that determine the nature of frictional locking, creep and other fault behavior governing seismogenic rupture and tsunamigenesis on a major plate boundary where great subduction earthquakes occur. The main goal of the science plan is to sample and instrument the key faults in several locations across the transition from those dominated by frictionally stable, aseismic processes vs. those hypothesized to be frictionally locked (seismogenic) faults of the megathrust system. The transect includes primary drill sites from the incoming plate, across the outer accretionary complex of the lower slope, to the Kumano forearc basin and underlying up-dip end of the likely locked plate interface. The scale of this project required a division into multiple stages of operations, spanning a number of years and IODP expeditions. From September 2007 through October 2009, the NanTroSEIZE science team has achieved many of its primary goals during 5 expeditions. Completed drill sites to date include penetrations ranging from ~200 m to ~1600 m below the sea floor that have documented the faults and wall rocks of both the frontal thrust and out-of-sequence splay faults in the accretionary system, the sedimentary section of the subducting plate, and the thick forearc basin sedimentary record and underlying older subduction complex in the hanging wall of the main plate interface. Major results include characterization of: the fault zone geology, strain localization, and physical properties shallower than ~ 1 km, the distribution of ambient (and paleo-) stress orientations across the transect, the absence of evidence for focused fluid channeling along the principal shallow fault systems, and the tectonic history of the subduction system. Extensive downhole measurements and a 2-ship VSP have further documented stress, pressure, rock strength, and elastic properties around the boreholes. The first temporary long-term monitoring instruments are now in place in one sealed borehole, recording pore pressure and temperature. The most ambitious aspect of the NanTroSEIZE project remains for the now-scheduled next stage: drilling to ~ 7000 m below the sea bed across the faults of the main plate boundary, then placing long-term monitoring instruments into both deep and shallow sealed borehole observatories - all to test hypotheses of locking, strain accumulation, and interseismic fault processes.

Using Global Plate Velocity Boundary Conditions for Embedded Regional Geodynamic Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taramon Gomez, Jorge; Morgan, Jason; Perez-Gussinye, Marta

2015-04-01

The treatment of far-field boundary conditions is one of the most poorly resolved issues for regional modeling of geodynamic processes. In viscous flow, the choice of far-field boundary conditions often strongly shapes the large-scale structure of a geosimulation. The mantle velocity field along the sidewalls and base of a modeling region is typically much more poorly known than the geometry of past global motions of the surface plates as constrained by global plate motion reconstructions. For regional rifting models it has become routine to apply highly simplified 'plate spreading' or 'uniform rifting' boundary conditions to a 3-D model that limits its ability to simulate the geodynamic evolution of a specific rifted margin. One way researchers are exploring the sensitivity of regional models to uncertain boundary conditions is to use a nested modeling approach in which a global model is used to determine a large-scale flow pattern that is imposed as a constraint along the boundaries of the region to be modeled. Here we explore the utility of a different approach that takes advantage of the ability of finite element models to use unstructured meshes than can embed much higher resolution sub-regions within a spherical global mesh. In our initial project to validate this approach, we create a global spherical mesh in which a higher resolution sub-region is created around the nascent South Atlantic Rifting Margin. Global Plate motion BCs and plate boundaries are applied for the time of the onset of rifting, continuing through several 10s of Ma of rifting. Thermal, compositional, and melt-related buoyancy forces are only non-zero within the high-resolution subregion, elsewhere, motions are constrained by surface plate-motion constraints. The total number of unknowns needed to solve an embedded regional model with this approach is less than 1/3 larger than that needed for a structured-mesh solution on a Cartesian or spherical cap sub-regional mesh. Here we illustrate the initial steps within this workflow for creating time-varying surface boundary conditions (using GPlates), and a time-variable unstructured 3-D spherical mesh.

Directivity pattern of the sound radiated from axisymmetric stepped plates.

PubMed

He, Xiping; Yan, Xiuli; Li, Na

2016-08-01

For the purpose of optimal design and efficient utilization of the kind of stepped plate radiator in air, in this contribution, an approach for calculation of the directivity pattern of the sound radiated from a stepped plate in flexural vibration with a free edge is developed based on Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis and Rayleigh integral principle. Experimental tests of directivity pattern for a fabricated flat plate and two fabricated plates with one and two step radiators were carried out. It shows that the configuration of the measured directivity patterns by the proposed analytic approach is similar to those of the calculated approach. Comparison of the agreement between the calculated directivity pattern of a stepped plate and its corresponding theoretical piston show that the former radiator is equivalent to the latter, and the diffraction field generated by the unbaffled upper surface may be small. It also shows that the directivity pattern of a stepped radiator is independent of the metallic material but dependent on the thickness of base plate and resonant frequency. The thicker the thickness of base plate, the more directive the radiation is. The proposed analytic approach in this work may be adopted for any other plates with multi-steps.

Precise 3D Lug Pose Detection Sensor for Automatic Robot Welding Using a Structured-Light Vision System

PubMed Central

Park, Jae Byung; Lee, Seung Hun; Lee, Il Jae

2009-01-01

In this study, we propose a precise 3D lug pose detection sensor for automatic robot welding of a lug to a huge steel plate used in shipbuilding, where the lug is a handle to carry the huge steel plate. The proposed sensor consists of a camera and four laser line diodes, and its design parameters are determined by analyzing its detectable range and resolution. For the lug pose acquisition, four laser lines are projected on both lug and plate, and the projected lines are detected by the camera. For robust detection of the projected lines against the illumination change, the vertical threshold, thinning, Hough transform and separated Hough transform algorithms are successively applied to the camera image. The lug pose acquisition is carried out by two stages: the top view alignment and the side view alignment. The top view alignment is to detect the coarse lug pose relatively far from the lug, and the side view alignment is to detect the fine lug pose close to the lug. After the top view alignment, the robot is controlled to move close to the side of the lug for the side view alignment. By this way, the precise 3D lug pose can be obtained. Finally, experiments with the sensor prototype are carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed sensor. PMID:22400007

Crustal Structure across Southern Islas Marías (Nayarit, Mexico) from Wide-Angle Data (TSUJAL Project)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nunez, D.; Barba, D. C., Sr.; Nuñez-Cornu, F. J.; Danobeitia, J.; Garcia Millan, N.

2015-12-01

The Mexican Pacific Margin is an interesting geological and tectonic study region due to the subduction processes that involve Rivera plate, North American plates and Jalisco Block. This region has been recently studied by the TSUJAL geophysical experiment during 2014. The main goal of this project is to achieve a better knowledge about this active margin and the seismic and tsunamigenic potential structural sources. To carry out this objective a set of multibeam bathymetric, potential fields, high resolution seismic, MCS and WAS data were obtained. In the frame of this study, we present the most significant results of wide angle seismic profile RTSIM04 carried out across the southern region of Islas Marías perpendicular to the coast towards Tepic in Nayarit with 220 km of length and SW-NE orientated. This profile is made of by a network of 4 OBS and 30 land seismic stations, deployed specially for this project, which registered the air gun shots provided by RRS James Cook every 120 s. Data obtained after processing and interpretation characterize seismically the contact zone between Rivera and North American plates from 30 to 60 km of model distance. Moreover, a cortical thickening from 9 to 20 km is observed towards to the coast. In the upper mantle, P-wave velocities of 7.9-8.4 km/s up to maximum depth of 50 km have been determined.

3D craniofacial registration using thin-plate spline transform and cylindrical surface projection

PubMed Central

Chen, Yucong; Deng, Qingqiong; Duan, Fuqing

2017-01-01

Craniofacial registration is used to establish the point-to-point correspondence in a unified coordinate system among human craniofacial models. It is the foundation of craniofacial reconstruction and other craniofacial statistical analysis research. In this paper, a non-rigid 3D craniofacial registration method using thin-plate spline transform and cylindrical surface projection is proposed. First, the gradient descent optimization is utilized to improve a cylindrical surface fitting (CSF) for the reference craniofacial model. Second, the thin-plate spline transform (TPST) is applied to deform a target craniofacial model to the reference model. Finally, the cylindrical surface projection (CSP) is used to derive the point correspondence between the reference and deformed target models. To accelerate the procedure, the iterative closest point ICP algorithm is used to obtain a rough correspondence, which can provide a possible intersection area of the CSP. Finally, the inverse TPST is used to map the obtained corresponding points from the deformed target craniofacial model to the original model, and it can be realized directly by the correspondence between the original target model and the deformed target model. Three types of registration, namely, reflexive, involutive and transitive registration, are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed craniofacial registration algorithm. Comparison with the methods in the literature shows that the proposed method is more accurate. PMID:28982117

3D craniofacial registration using thin-plate spline transform and cylindrical surface projection.

PubMed

Chen, Yucong; Zhao, Junli; Deng, Qingqiong; Duan, Fuqing

2017-01-01

Craniofacial registration is used to establish the point-to-point correspondence in a unified coordinate system among human craniofacial models. It is the foundation of craniofacial reconstruction and other craniofacial statistical analysis research. In this paper, a non-rigid 3D craniofacial registration method using thin-plate spline transform and cylindrical surface projection is proposed. First, the gradient descent optimization is utilized to improve a cylindrical surface fitting (CSF) for the reference craniofacial model. Second, the thin-plate spline transform (TPST) is applied to deform a target craniofacial model to the reference model. Finally, the cylindrical surface projection (CSP) is used to derive the point correspondence between the reference and deformed target models. To accelerate the procedure, the iterative closest point ICP algorithm is used to obtain a rough correspondence, which can provide a possible intersection area of the CSP. Finally, the inverse TPST is used to map the obtained corresponding points from the deformed target craniofacial model to the original model, and it can be realized directly by the correspondence between the original target model and the deformed target model. Three types of registration, namely, reflexive, involutive and transitive registration, are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed craniofacial registration algorithm. Comparison with the methods in the literature shows that the proposed method is more accurate.

Tsunami hazard, vulnerability and impact assessment of the coastal area of Rabat, Morocco

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lesne, Olivia; Mangin, Antoine; Renou, Camille; Rouffi, Frédéric; Atillah, Abderrahman; Moudni, Hicham

2010-05-01

Among African countries, Morocco is probably one of the most exposed to tsunami hazard. Indeed, Morocco is integrated in the particular geodynamic context of the northern African margin characterized by the existence of the Azores-Gibraltar fault separating two active tectonic plates: the African and the Eurasian plates. This area generated and still generates many large earthquakes exceeding a magnitude of 6. The Moroccan Atlantic coasts are thus exposed to tsunamigenic earthquakes occurring offshore. Tsunamis generated in this area are not frequent but can be really disastrous and could have a huge impact. In the framework of the SCHEMA project, a 3 year European project, we studied the consequences on the Moroccan coastal area of two potential tsunami scenarios, applying the generic methodology developed during the project for building tsunami vulnerability and impact maps. The study focuses on the "Rabat Zaïr" region. Centred on the Bouregreg Valley, this study area encompasses three main coastal and densely populated towns of Morocco: Rabat (capital), Salé and Temara. Using a combination of numerical modelling, field surveys, earth observation and GIS data, the risk has been evaluated for this highly vulnerable area (flat topography, small beaches with many tourists in summer, presence of several bridges on the Bouregreg river separating Rabat and Salé, presence of a dam upstream the 2 cities, and development of a new residential and touristic complex on the coastline and in the vicinity of the estuary). Two scenarios of tsunami have been studied to estimate the hazard on the coastal zone of Rabat: a worst case scenario based on the historical Lisbon earthquake of 1755 as well as a moderate scenario based on the historical Portugal earthquake of 1969. For each scenario, numerical models allowed to produce inundation maps consisting of inundation limits as well as maximum water heights. Land use data together with earth observation data interpretation allowed then to generate a building classification. Finally potential damages are derived using damage functions developed during the project by Geosciences Consultants (GSC), by crossing information from hazard maps (maximum water elevations) with building vulnerability maps. The damage maps will then serve as a base for elaborating evacuation plans with appropriate rescue and relief processes useful for decision makers, local authorities and investors.

B and F Projection Methods for Nearly Incompressible Linear and Nonlinear Elasticity and Plasticity using Higher-order NURBS Elements

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-01

Infinite plate with a hole: sequence of meshes produced by h-refinement. The geometry of the coarsest mesh...recalled with an emphasis on k -refinement. In Section 3, the use of high-order NURBS within a projection technique is studied in the geometri - cally linear...case with a B̄ method to investigate the choice of approximation and projection spaces with NURBS.

Current status of U{sub 3}Si{sub 2} fuel element fabrication in Brazil

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Durazzo, M.; Carvalho, E.F. Urano de; Saliba-Silva, A.M.

2008-07-15

IPEN has been working for increasing radioisotope production in order to supply the expanding demand for radiopharmaceutical medicines requested by the Brazilian welfare. To reach this objective, the IEA-R1 research reactor power capacity was recently increased from 2 MW to 4 MW. Since 1988 IPEN has been manufacturing its own fuel element, initially based on U{sub 3}O{sub 8}-Al dispersion fuel plates with 2.3 gU/cm{sup 3}. To support the reactor power increase, higher uranium density in the fuel plate meat had to be achieved for better irradiation flux and also to minimize the irradiated fuel elements to be stored. Uranium silicidemore » was the chosen option and the fuel fabrication development started with the support of the IAEA BRA/4/047 Technical Cooperation Project. This paper describes the results of this program and the current status of silicide fuel fabrication and its qualification. (author)« less

Archaeological Investigations at Sites 45-OK-287 and 45-OK-288, Chief Joseph Dam Project, Washington.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

marks and evidence of burning by element ........ ........................ . 258 xviii .. . - ... ., ." xvii LIST OF PLATES Plate 1-1. 45-OK-287: view...which the site is located, and glaclotacustrlne sediments of two ages exposed In the opposite bank. The lowest major terrace the river cut In the...the site were exposed in fewer excavation units, but they have a finer grain size and greater proportion of angular cobbles, deriving from the bedrock

Method for detection of antibodies for metallic elements

DOEpatents

Barrick, C.W.; Clarke, S.M.; Nordin, C.W.

1993-11-30

An apparatus and method for detecting antibodies specific to non-protein antigens. The apparatus is an immunological plate containing a plurality of plastic projections coated with a non-protein material. Assays utilizing the plate are capable of stabilizing the non-protein antigens with detection levels for antibodies specific to the antigens on a nanogram level. A screening assay with the apparatus allows for early detection of exposure to non-protein materials. Specifically metallic elements are detected. 10 figures.

SUPPORTING AND HEAT INSULATING MEANS

DOEpatents

Birmingham, B.W.; Brown, H.; Scott, R.B.; Vander-arend, P.C.

1959-01-27

A method is described for simultaneously supporting inner and outer members spaced from each other and heat insulating them from each other comprising an inner and outer member together defining an annular cavity. Each member carries a shoulder projecting towards the other member. A stack of annular metal plates in the cavity is held between the shoulder of the outer member and the shoulder of the inner member. The edges of the metal plate forming the stack are exposed to the cavity and to evacuation conditions which may exist within thc cavity. The stack of metal plates acts to both support one of the members with respect to the other and as a heat insulator.

Enhanced Automated Guidance System for Horizontal Auger Boring Based on Image Processing

PubMed Central

Wu, Lingling; Wen, Guojun; Wang, Yudan; Huang, Lei; Zhou, Jiang

2018-01-01

Horizontal auger boring (HAB) is a widely used trenchless technology for the high-accuracy installation of gravity or pressure pipelines on line and grade. Differing from other pipeline installations, HAB requires a more precise and automated guidance system for use in a practical project. This paper proposes an economic and enhanced automated optical guidance system, based on optimization research of light-emitting diode (LED) light target and five automated image processing bore-path deviation algorithms. An LED target was optimized for many qualities, including light color, filter plate color, luminous intensity, and LED layout. The image preprocessing algorithm, feature extraction algorithm, angle measurement algorithm, deflection detection algorithm, and auto-focus algorithm, compiled in MATLAB, are used to automate image processing for deflection computing and judging. After multiple indoor experiments, this guidance system is applied in a project of hot water pipeline installation, with accuracy controlled within 2 mm in 48-m distance, providing accurate line and grade controls and verifying the feasibility and reliability of the guidance system. PMID:29462855

Enhanced Automated Guidance System for Horizontal Auger Boring Based on Image Processing.

PubMed

Wu, Lingling; Wen, Guojun; Wang, Yudan; Huang, Lei; Zhou, Jiang

2018-02-15

Horizontal auger boring (HAB) is a widely used trenchless technology for the high-accuracy installation of gravity or pressure pipelines on line and grade. Differing from other pipeline installations, HAB requires a more precise and automated guidance system for use in a practical project. This paper proposes an economic and enhanced automated optical guidance system, based on optimization research of light-emitting diode (LED) light target and five automated image processing bore-path deviation algorithms. An LED light target was optimized for many qualities, including light color, filter plate color, luminous intensity, and LED layout. The image preprocessing algorithm, direction location algorithm, angle measurement algorithm, deflection detection algorithm, and auto-focus algorithm, compiled in MATLAB, are used to automate image processing for deflection computing and judging. After multiple indoor experiments, this guidance system is applied in a project of hot water pipeline installation, with accuracy controlled within 2 mm in 48-m distance, providing accurate line and grade controls and verifying the feasibility and reliability of the guidance system.

Flexure Based Linear and Rotary Bearings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Voellmer, George M. (Inventor)

2016-01-01

A flexure based linear bearing includes top and bottom parallel rigid plates; first and second flexures connecting the top and bottom plates and constraining exactly four degrees of freedom of relative motion of the plates, the four degrees of freedom being X and Y axis translation and rotation about the X and Y axes; and a strut connecting the top and bottom plates and further constraining exactly one degree of freedom of the plates, the one degree of freedom being one of Z axis translation and rotation about the Z axis.

Preserving Astronomy's Photographic Legacy: Current State and the Future of North American Astronomical Plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osborn, W.; Robbins, L.

2009-08-01

This book contains articles on preserving astronomy's valuable heritage of photographic observations, most of which are on glass plates. It is intended to serve as a reference for institutions charged with preserving and managing plate archives and astronomers interested in using archival photographic plates in their research. The first portion of the book focuses on previous activities and recommendations related to plate archiving. These include actions taken by the International Astronomical Union, activities in Europe and a detailed account of a workshop on preserving astronomical photographic data held in 2007 at the Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute, North Carolina. The workshop discussions covered a wide range of issues that must be considered in any effort to archive plates and culminated in a set of recommendations on preserving, cataloging and making publicly available these irreplaceable data. The second part of the book reports on some recent efforts to implement the recommendations. These include essays on the recently established Astronomical Photographic Data Archive, projects to make photographic collections available electronically, evaluations of commercial scanners for digitization of astronomical plates and the case for the continuing value of these data along with a report on the census of astronomical plate collections in North America carried out in 2008. The census cataloged the locations, numbers, and types of astronomical plates in the US and Canada. Comprehensive appendices identify all the significant collections in North America and detail the current contents, state and status of their holdings.

Earthquakes and Plate Boundaries. Crustal Evaluation Education Project. Teacher's Guide [and] Student Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoever, Edward C., Jr.

Crustal Evolution Education Project (CEEP) modules were designed to: (1) provide students with the methods and results of continuing investigations into the composition, history, and processes of the earth's crust and the application of this knowledge to man's activities and (2) to be used by teachers with little or no previous background in the…

Magnetic Fe-Co films electroplated in a deep-eutectic-solvent-based plating bath

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yanai, T.; Shiraishi, K.; Watanabe, Y.; Ohgai, T.; Nakano, M.; Suzuki, K.; Fukunaga, H.

2015-05-01

We fabricated Fe-Co films from a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based plating bath and investigated magnetic properties of the plated films. The plating baths were obtained by stirring the mixture of choline chloride, ethylene glycol, FeCl2.4H2O, and CoCl2.6H2O. The composition of the plated films depended on the amount of FeCl2.4H2O in the plating bath, and Fe content of the films was varied from 0 to 100 at. %. Depending on the Fe content, the saturation magnetization and the coercivity of the films varied. The Fe76Co24 film shows high saturation magnetization and smooth surface, and the change in the saturation magnetization shows good agreement with the expected change by the Slater-Pauling curve. High current efficiency (>90%) could be obtained in the wide film composition. From these results, we concluded that the DES-based plating bath is one of effective baths for the Fe-Co films with high current efficiency.

Steel shear strength of anchors with stand-off base plates : [technical summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

Sign and signal structures are often connected : to concrete foundations through an annular base : plate set on anchor bolts. The plate is leveled : with nuts beneath it and secured with nuts : above it a double-nut connection. In many : in...

Growth plate injury at the base of the coracoid: MRI features.

PubMed

Alaia, Erin FitzGerald; Rosenberg, Zehava Sadka; Rossi, Ignacio; Zember, Jonathan; Roedl, Johannes B; Pinkney, Lynne; Steinbach, Lynne S

2017-11-01

To assess the MRI features of growth plate injury at the base of the coracoid process. Subjects were identified through retrospective search of our department imaging database and teaching files and the teaching files of two outside academic institutions. The coracoid base growth plate was examined with attention to widening, irregularity, abnormal signal intensity of the growth plate, and the presence of adjacent soft tissue edema. The apposing coracoid and scapular bony surfaces were examined for signal intensity and morphology. Shoulder MRIs in eight patients with coracoid base growth plate disturbances were retrospectively reviewed (7 males, 1 female, mean age 15 years). Growth plate injury manifested as widening, irregularity and increased signal, apposing bony marrow edema and hypertrophy, and surrounding soft tissue edema. Five subjects were athletes (football, archery, basketball, swimming, rugby), two had a history of neuromuscular disorders, and one subject presented after a fall. Clinical indications included: rule out labral tear (n = 3), rule out rotator cuff tear or fracture after fall (n = 1), nonspecific pain (n = 1), shoulder subluxation, rule out glenoid pathology (n = 1, patient with underlying neuromuscular disorder), muscular dystrophy with shoulder pain (n = 1), and impingement (n = 1). Coracoid growth plate injury was not suspected clinically in any of the patients. Awareness of the imaging appearance of coracoid base growth plate injury can aid in a more accurate diagnosis of shoulder MRI studies in young pediatric athletes. While uncommon, coracoid growth plate injury should be considered when assessing children with shoulder symptomatology.

Mitigation of biofouling using coatings: Year 2. Quarterly progress report No. 1. Calspan report 6782-M-5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meyer, A.E.; King, R.W.

1982-01-15

Objectives of this project are to evaluate benefits associated with control of the surface energetic properties of materials used in heat exchangers; and to identify preferred ranges of these surface conditions that minimize deposits of biological fouling known to deteriorate heat exchange efficiencies in seawater, brackish water, and freshwater systems. The technical approach employed uses special diagnostic plates in novel flow cells where fluid flow conditions can be well-controlled, modifying the surface chemistry and surface energy of the plates with very thin coatings and examining the earliest events of biofouling caused by macromolecules and microbial organisms. For the present phasemore » of the project (Year 2), attention will be focussed on biofouling in a freshwater/brackish water system.« less

Physics of heat pipe rewetting

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chan, S. H.

1994-01-01

This is the final report which summarizes the research accomplishments under the project entitled 'Physics of Heat Pipe Rewetting' under NASA Grant No. NAG 9-525, Basic, during the period of April 1, 1991 to January 31, 1994. The objective of the research project was to investigate both analytically and experimentally the rewetting characteristics of the heated, grooved plate. The grooved plate is to simulate the inner surface of the vapor channel in monogroove heat pipes for space station design. In such designs, the inner surface of the vapor channel is threaded with monogrooves. When the heat pipe is thermally overloaded, dryout of the monogroove surface occurs. Such a dryout surface should be promptly rewetted to prevent the failure of the heat pipe operation in the thermal radiator of the space station.

GeomarCD project; an educational CD-Rom about marine geophysics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diaz, J.; Rubio, E.; Gómez, M.; Gallart, J.

2009-04-01

This project aims to introduce the main aspects of marine geophysics experiments to the high school students. We have chosen to present the information in the form an interactive game in which, taking care of the scientific objectives and the technological and logistic resources, the player must found the best strategy to make one of the 3 research projects proposed. Along the game, the player is introduced to the main aspects of the plate tectonics theory and the crustal structure as well as to the main methodologies available (seismics, potencial fields, cores). Rather than being based in theoretical aspects, largely covered by other outreach projects, this work focuses in how a realistic problem can be solved through a field experiment. The game takes place in the researcher's desk and in an oceanographic vessel as the BIO Hesperides and includes the choice of the research project, the design and development of the field work and the interpretation of the results. At the end, the player must complete a questionnaire to elaborate the final report. The correct choice of the appropriate methodologies and its interpretation is necessary to succeed. CD copies in Spanish are freely available upon request.

Qualification process of CR system and quantification of digital image quality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garnier, P.; Hun, L.; Klein, J.; Lemerle, C.

2013-01-01

CEA Valduc uses several X-Ray generators to carry out many inspections: void search, welding expertise, gap measurements, etc. Most of these inspections are carried out on silver based plates. For several years, the CEA/Valduc has decided to qualify new devices such as digital plates or CCD/flat panel plates. On one hand, the choice of this technological orientation is to forecast the assumed and eventual disappearance of silver based plates; on the other hand, it is also to keep our skills mastering up-to-date. The main improvement brought by numerical plates is the continuous progress of the measurement accuracy, especially with image data processing. It is now common to measure defects thickness or depth position within a part. In such applications, data image processing is used to obtain complementary information compared to scanned silver based plates. This scanning procedure is harmful for measurements which imply a data corruption of the resolution, the adding of numerical noise and is time expensive. Digital plates enable to suppress the scanning procedure and to increase resolution. It is nonetheless difficult to define, for digital images, single criteria for the image quality. A procedure has to be defined in order to estimate quality of the digital data itself; the impact of the scanning device and the configuration parameters are also to be taken into account. This presentation deals with the qualification process developed by CEA/Valduc for digital plates (DUR-NDT) based on the study of quantitative criteria chosen to define a direct numerical image quality that could be compared with scanned silver based pictures and the classical optical density. The versatility of the X-Ray parameters is also discussed (X-ray tension, intensity, time exposure). The aim is to be able to transfer the year long experience of CEA/Valduc with silver-based plates inspection to these new digital plates supports. This is an industrial stake.

Model-based measurement of food portion size for image-based dietary assessment using 3D/2D registration

PubMed Central

Chen, Hsin-Chen; Jia, Wenyan; Yue, Yaofeng; Li, Zhaoxin; Sun, Yung-Nien; Fernstrom, John D.; Sun, Mingui

2013-01-01

Dietary assessment is important in health maintenance and intervention in many chronic conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. However, there is currently a lack of convenient methods for measuring the volume of food (portion size) in real-life settings. We present a computational method to estimate food volume from a single photographical image of food contained in a typical dining plate. First, we calculate the food location with respect to a 3D camera coordinate system using the plate as a scale reference. Then, the food is segmented automatically from the background in the image. Adaptive thresholding and snake modeling are implemented based on several image features, such as color contrast, regional color homogeneity and curve bending degree. Next, a 3D model representing the general shape of the food (e.g., a cylinder, a sphere, etc.) is selected from a pre-constructed shape model library. The position, orientation and scale of the selected shape model are determined by registering the projected 3D model and the food contour in the image, where the properties of the reference are used as constraints. Experimental results using various realistically shaped foods with known volumes demonstrated satisfactory performance of our image based food volume measurement method even if the 3D geometric surface of the food is not completely represented in the input image. PMID:24223474

Thin plate spline feature point matching for organ surfaces in minimally invasive surgery imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Bingxiong; Sun, Yu; Qian, Xiaoning

2013-03-01

Robust feature point matching for images with large view angle changes in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is a challenging task due to low texture and specular reflections in these images. This paper presents a new approach that can improve feature matching performance by exploiting the inherent geometric property of the organ surfaces. Recently, intensity based template image tracking using a Thin Plate Spline (TPS) model has been extended for 3D surface tracking with stereo cameras. The intensity based tracking is also used here for 3D reconstruction of internal organ surfaces. To overcome the small displacement requirement of intensity based tracking, feature point correspondences are used for proper initialization of the nonlinear optimization in the intensity based method. Second, we generate simulated images from the reconstructed 3D surfaces under all potential view positions and orientations, and then extract feature points from these simulated images. The obtained feature points are then filtered and re-projected to the common reference image. The descriptors of the feature points under different view angles are stored to ensure that the proposed method can tolerate a large range of view angles. We evaluate the proposed method with silicon phantoms and in vivo images. The experimental results show that our method is much more robust with respect to the view angle changes than other state-of-the-art methods.

Model-based measurement of food portion size for image-based dietary assessment using 3D/2D registration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Hsin-Chen; Jia, Wenyan; Yue, Yaofeng; Li, Zhaoxin; Sun, Yung-Nien; Fernstrom, John D.; Sun, Mingui

2013-10-01

Dietary assessment is important in health maintenance and intervention in many chronic conditions, such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, there is currently a lack of convenient methods for measuring the volume of food (portion size) in real-life settings. We present a computational method to estimate food volume from a single photographic image of food contained on a typical dining plate. First, we calculate the food location with respect to a 3D camera coordinate system using the plate as a scale reference. Then, the food is segmented automatically from the background in the image. Adaptive thresholding and snake modeling are implemented based on several image features, such as color contrast, regional color homogeneity and curve bending degree. Next, a 3D model representing the general shape of the food (e.g., a cylinder, a sphere, etc) is selected from a pre-constructed shape model library. The position, orientation and scale of the selected shape model are determined by registering the projected 3D model and the food contour in the image, where the properties of the reference are used as constraints. Experimental results using various realistically shaped foods with known volumes demonstrated satisfactory performance of our image-based food volume measurement method even if the 3D geometric surface of the food is not completely represented in the input image.

Actively controlling coolant-cooled cold plate configuration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chainer, Timothy J.; Parida, Pritish R.

A method is provided to facilitate active control of thermal and fluid dynamic performance of a coolant-cooled cold plate. The method includes: monitoring a variable associated with at least one of the coolant-cooled cold plate or one or more electronic components being cooled by the cold plate; and dynamically varying, based on the monitored variable, a physical configuration of the cold plate. By dynamically varying the physical configuration, the thermal and fluid dynamic performance of the cold plate are adjusted to, for example, optimally cool the one or more electronic components, and at the same time, reduce cooling power consumptionmore » used in cooling the electronic component(s). The physical configuration can be adjusted by providing one or more adjustable plates within the coolant-cooled cold plate, the positioning of which may be adjusted based on the monitored variable.« less

Mechanical design and analysis of focal plate for gravity deformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jianping; Chu, Jiaru; Hu, Hongzhuan; Li, Kexuan; Zhou, Zengxiang

2014-07-01

The surface accuracy of astronomical telescope focal plate is a key indicator to precision stellar observation. To conduct accurate deformation measurement for focal plate in different status, a 6-DOF hexapod platform was used for attitude adjustment. For the small adjustment range of a classic 6-DOF hexapod platform, an improved structural arrangement method was proposed in the paper to achieve ultimate adjustment of the focal plate in horizontal and vertical direction. To validate the feasibility of this method, an angle change model which used ball hinge was set up for the movement and base plate. Simulation results in MATLAB suggested that the ball hinge angle change of movement and base plate is within the range of the limiting angle in the process of the platform plate adjusting to ultimate attitude. The proposed method has some guiding significance for accurate surface measurement of focal plate.

A verification and validation effort for high explosives at Los Alamos National Lab (u)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Scovel, Christina A; Menikoff, Ralph S

2009-01-01

We have started a project to verify and validate ASC codes used to simulate detonation waves in high explosives. Since there are no non-trivial analytic solutions, we are going to compare simulated results with experimental data that cover a wide range of explosive phenomena. The intent is to compare both different codes and different high explosives (HE) models. The first step is to test the products equation of state used for the HE models, For this purpose, the cylinder test, flyer plate and plate-push experiments are being used. These experiments sample different regimes in thermodynamic phase space: the CJ isentropemore » for the cylinder tests, the isentrope behind an overdriven detonation wave for the flyer plate experiment, and expansion following a reflected CJ detonation for the plate-push experiment, which is sensitive to the Gruneisen coefficient. The results of our findings for PBX 9501 are presented here.« less

The construction of airfoil pressure models by the plate method: Achievements, current research, technology development and potential applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lawing, P. L.

1985-01-01

A method of constructing airfoils by inscribing pressure channels on the face of opposing plates, bonding them together to form one plate with integral channels, and contour machining this plate to form an airfoil model is described. The research and development program to develop the bonding technology is described as well as the construction and testing of an airfoil model. Sample aerodynamic data sets are presented and discussed. Also, work currently under way to produce thin airfoils with camber is presented. Samples of the aft section of a 6 percent airfoil with complete pressure instrumentation including the trailing edge are pictured and described. This technique is particularly useful in fabricating models for transonic cryogenic testing, but it should find application in a wide ange of model construction projects, as well as the fabrication of fuel injectors, space hardware, and other applications requiring advanced bonding technology and intricate fluid passages.

NDT inspections exploiting invariances on scale transformations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramos, Helena Geirinhas; Torres, João; Ribeiro, Artur L.; Rebello, João

2015-03-01

The aim of this paper is to show the invariance on the giant magneto-resistor sensor (GMR) output response in the measurement of different plate thicknesses when the problem is resized. To resize the problem, two different probes were projected, implemented and tested: one, with all the dimensions resized by four times the other. Both probes include a pancake coil for magnetic field sinusoidal excitation and measurements are taken with a sensitive bridge fabricated from four giant magneto-resistors (GMR). It is demonstrated, experimentally and with numerical simulation, that the same response value is obtained for two diferent plate thicknesses if dilation principle is kept in the probe's dimensions and electrical quantities. The paper uses the dilation principle to show the invariance of the magnetic field measured by a similar magnetic sensors when data is acquired with the bigger probe on a plate with a thickness four times of the plate thickness used with the smaller probe.

Spin ejector

DOEpatents

Andersen, John A.; Flanigan, John J.; Kindley, Robert J.

1978-01-01

The disclosure relates to an apparatus for spin ejecting a body having a flat plate base containing bosses. The apparatus has a base plate and a main ejection shaft extending perpendicularly from the base plate. A compressible cylindrical spring is disposed about the shaft. Bearings are located between the shaft and the spring. A housing containing a helical aperture releasably engages the base plate and surrounds the shaft bearings and the spring. A piston having an aperture follower disposed in the housing aperture is seated on the spring and is guided by the shaft and the aperture. The spring is compressed and when released causes the piston to spin eject the body.

Hybrid lead-acid battery with reticulated vitreous carbon as a carrier- and current-collector of negative plate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Czerwiński, A.; Obrębowski, S.; Kotowski, J.; Rogulski, Z.; Skowroński, J.; Bajsert, M.; Przystałowski, M.; Buczkowska-Biniecka, M.; Jankowska, E.; Baraniak, M.; Rotnicki, J.; Kopczyk, M.

Bare reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) plated electrochemically with thin layer of lead was investigated as a negative plate carrier- and current-collector material for lead-acid batteries. Hybrid flooded single cell lead-acid batteries containing one negative plate based on a new type (RVC or Pb/RVC) of carrier/current-collector and two positive plates based on Pb-Ca grid collectors were assembled and subjected to charge/discharge tests (at 20-h and 1-h discharge rates) and Peukert's dependences determination. The promising results show that application of RVC as carrier- and current-collector in negative plate will significantly increase the specific capacity of lead-acid battery.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Young, P.E.

We are compiling a list of anticipated target spot sizes that are specified by the NIF users groups. This data will be used to anticipate demands for phase plates. The spot size also has an impact on the laser operation. Presently the phase plates are designed to sit in the leo section of the FOA (before the conversion crystals). Intensity modulations produced by the phase plates are nonlinearly proportional to the laser spot size. For spot sizes above 3 mm diameter, the intensity modulations are large enough that the damage threshold for the remainder of the FOA is exceeded. Formore » experiments requiring spot diameters larger than 3 ram, it is suggested that the phase plates sit in the 3{omega} section of the FOA. For planning purposes, the cost of the 3{omega} phase plates is presently projected to be more than that of a le0 phase plate due to the use of inclusion-free fused silica as the substrate material, This report is a summary of a meeting that we had on February 16, 2000 in order to catalogue the possible range of requested NIF spot sizes. Copies of the viewgraphs which were presented are also included.« less

Operation and maintenance of the SOL-DANCE building solar system. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1980-07-29

The Sol-Dance building solar heating system consists of 136 flat plate solar collectors divided evenly into two separate building systems, each providing its total output to a common thermal storage tank. An aromatic base transformer oil is circulated through a closed loop consisting of the collectors and a heat exchanger. Water from the thermal storage tank is passed through the same heat exchanger where heat from the oil is given up to the thermal storage. Back-up heat is provided by air source heat pumps. Heat is transferred from the thermal storage to the living space by liquid-to-air coils in themore » distribution ducts. Separate domestic hot water systems are provided for each building. The system consists of 2 flat plate collectors with a single 66 gallon storage tank with oil circulated in a closed loop through an external tube and shell heat exchanger. Some problems encountered and lessons learned during the project construction are listed as well as beneficial aspects and a project description. As-built drawings are provided as well as system photographs. An acceptance test plan is provided that checks the collection, thermal storage, and space and water heating subsystems and the total system installation. Predicted performance data are tabulated. Details are discussed regarding operation, maintenance, and repair, and manufacturers data are provided. (LEW)« less

A prospective survey of air and surface fungal contamination in a medical mycology laboratory at a tertiary care university hospital.

PubMed

Sautour, Marc; Dalle, Frédéric; Olivieri, Claire; L'ollivier, Coralie; Enderlin, Emilie; Salome, Elsa; Chovelon, Isabelle; Vagner, Odile; Sixt, Nathalie; Fricker-Pap, Véronique; Aho, Serge; Fontaneau, Olivier; Cachia, Claire; Bonnin, Alain

2009-04-01

Invasive filamentous fungi infections resulting from inhalation of mold conidia pose a major threat in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis is based on direct smears, cultural symptoms, and culturing fungi. Airborne conidia present in the laboratory environment may cause contamination of cultures, resulting in false-positive diagnosis. Baseline values of fungal contamination in a clinical mycology laboratory have not been determined to date. A 1-year prospective survey of air and surface contamination was conducted in a clinical mycology laboratory during a period when large construction projects were being conducted in the hospital. Air was sampled with a portable air system impactor, and surfaces were sampled with contact Sabouraud agar plates. The collected data allowed the elaboration of Shewhart graphic charts. Mean fungal loads ranged from 2.27 to 4.36 colony forming units (cfu)/m(3) in air and from 0.61 to 1.69 cfu/plate on surfaces. Strict control procedures may limit the level of fungal contamination in a clinical mycology laboratory even in the context of large construction projects at the hospital site. Our data and the resulting Shewhart graphic charts provide baseline values to use when monitoring for inappropriate variations of the fungal contamination in a mycology laboratory as part of a quality assurance program. This is critical to the appropriate management of the fungal risk in hematology, cancer and transplantation patients.

Architecture for Absorption Based Heaters

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moghaddam, Saeed; Chugh, Devesh

An absorption based heater is constructed on a fluid barrier heat exchanging plate such that it requires little space in a structure. The absorption based heater has a desorber, heat exchanger, and absorber sequentially placed on the fluid barrier heat exchanging plate. The vapor exchange faces of the desorber and the absorber are covered by a vapor permeable membrane that is permeable to a refrigerant vapor but impermeable to an absorbent. A process fluid flows on the side of the fluid barrier heat exchanging plate opposite the vapor exchange face through the absorber and subsequently through the heat exchanger. Themore » absorption based heater can include a second plate with a condenser situated parallel to the fluid barrier heat exchanging plate and opposing the desorber for condensation of the refrigerant for additional heating of the process fluid.« less

The evolution of volcanism, tectonics, and volatiles on Mars - An overview of recent progress

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zimbelman, James R.; Solomon, Sean C.; Sharpton, Virgil L.

1991-01-01

Significant results of the 'Mars: Evolution of Volcanism, Tectonics, and Volatiles' (MEVTV) project are presented. The data for the project are based on geological mapping from the Viking images, petrologic and chemical analyses of SNC meteorites, and both mapping and temporal grouping of major fault systems. The origin of the planet's crustal dichotomy is examined in detail, the kinematics and formation of wrinkle ridges are discussed, and some new theories are set forth. Because the SNC meteorites vary petrologically and isotopically, the sources of the parental Martian magma are heterogeneous. Transcurrent faulting coupled with the extensional strains that form Valles Marineris suggest early horizontal movement of lithospheric blocks. A theory which connects the formation of the crustal dichotomy to the Tharsis region associates the horizontal motions with plate tectonics that generated a new lithosphere.

Influence of end plates on aerodynamic characteristics of bluff bodies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shmigirilov, Rodion; Ryabinin, Anatoly

2018-05-01

Aerodynamic characteristics of flat plate oriented normally to the flow are studied in the wind tunnel. The experiments are carried out without end plates and with round end plates of different diameter. We obtain that end plates increase the base pressure, the drag coefficient and decrease the length of recirculation region.

Information system to manage anatomical knowledge and image data about brain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barillot, Christian; Gibaud, Bernard; Montabord, E.; Garlatti, S.; Gauthier, N.; Kanellos, I.

1994-09-01

This paper reports about first results obtained in a project aiming at developing a computerized system to manage knowledge about brain anatomy. The emphasis is put on the design of a knowledge base which includes a symbolic model of cerebral anatomical structures (grey nuclei, cortical structures such as gyri and sulci, verntricles, vessels, etc.) and of hypermedia facilities allowing to retrieve and display information associated with the objects (texts, drawings, images). Atlas plates digitized from a stereotactic atlas are also used to provide natural and effective communication means between the user and the system.

Motion planning for an adaptive wing structure with macro-fiber composite actuators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schröck, J.; Meurer, T.; Kugi, A.

2009-05-01

A systematic approach for flatness-based motion planning and feedforward control is presented for the transient shaping of a piezo-actuated rectangular cantilevered plate modeling an adaptive wing. In the first step the consideration of an idealized infinite-dimensional input allows to determine the state and input parametrization in terms of a flat or basic output, which is used for a systematic motion planning approach. Subsequently, the obtained idealized input function is projected onto a finite number of suitably placed Macro-fiber Composite (MFC) patch actuators. The tracking performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in a simulation scenario.

Parasite-Drag Measurements of Five Helicopter Rotor Hubs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Churchill, Gary B.; Harrington, Robert D.

1959-01-01

An investigation has been conducted in the Langley full-scale tunnel to determine the parasite drag of five production-type helicopter rotor hubs. Some simple fairing arrangements were attempted in an effort to reduce the hub drag. The results indicate that, within the range of the tests, changes in angle of attack, hub rotational speed, and forward speed generally had only a small effect on the equivalent flat-plate area representing parasite drag. The drag coefficients of the basic hubs, based on projected hub frontal area, increased with hub area and varied from 0.5 to 0.76 for the hubs tested.

Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Texas: Fiscal year 1988

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mitchell, Alicia A.

1989-01-01

This report describes the activities of the U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Division in Texas for fiscal year 1988. The project number, cooperating agencies, project chief, period of project, location, problem, objective, approach, progress, reports in preparation, and reports published are given for each project in the Texas District. The report also includes a list of reports published or approved for publication during fiscal year 1988, and a plate showing the locations of the Subdistrict areas and active surface-water stations in Texas.

Effect of filler content on the properties of expanded- graphite-based composite bipolar plates for application in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Masand, Aakash; Borah, Munu; Pathak, Abhishek K.; Dhakate, Sanjay R.

2017-09-01

Minimization of the weight and volume of a hydrogen-based PEM fuel cell stack is an essential area of research for the development and commercialization of PEMFCs for various applications. Graphite-based composite bipolar plates have significant advantages over conventional metallic bipolar plates due to their corrosion resistivity and low cost. On the other hand, expanded graphite is seen to be a potential candidate for facilitating the required electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of bipolar plates with a low density. Therefore, in the present study, the focus is on minimization of the high loading of graphite and optimizes its composition to meet the target properties of bipolar plates as per the USDOE target. Three types of expanded graphite (EG)-phenolic-resin-based composite bipolar plates were developed by partially replacing the expanded graphite content with natural graphite (NG) and carbon black as an additional filler. The three types of composite plate with the reinforcing constituent ratio EG:NG:R (25:25:50) give a bending strength of 49 MPa, a modulus of ~6 GPa, electrical conductivity  >100 S cm-1, a shore hardness of 55 and a bulk density of 1.55 g/cc. The 50 wt% loading of resin is sufficient to wet the 50 wt% filler content in the composite plate. This study gives an insight into using hybrid reinforcements in order to achieve the desired properties of bipolar plates.

Sub-100nm, Maskless Deep-UV Zone-Plate Array Lithography

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-05-07

The basic idea is to use fiducial grids, fabricated using interference lithography (or a derivative thereof) to determine the placement of features...sensed, and corrections are fed back to the beam-control electronics to cancel errors in the beam’s position. The virtue of interference lithography ...Sub-100nm, Maskless Deep-UV Zone-Plate Array Lithography Project Period: March 1, 2001 – February 28, 2004 F i n a l R e p o r t Army Research

Archaeological Investigations at Sites 45-OK-287 and 45-OK-288, Chief Joseph Dam Project, Washington.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

Table C-1. Distribution of butchering marks and evidence of burning by element .. ....... ....... ....... .. 258 xvii9. LIST OF PLATES Plate 1-1. 45-OK...the vicinity of the Omak Trench. Till forms the terrace on which the site Is located, and glaclolacustrIne sediments of two ! -ages exposed In the...the site were exposed In fewer excavation units, but they have a finer grain size and greater proportion of angular cobbles, deriving from the bedrock

Kyiv UkrVO glass archives: new life

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pakuliak, L.; Golovnya, V.; Andruk, V.; Shatokhina, S.; Yizhakevych, O.; Kazantseva, L.; Lukianchuk, V.

In the framework of UkrVO national project the new methods of plate digital image processing are developed. The photographic material of the UkrVO Joint Digital Archive (JDA) is used for the solution of classic astrometric problem - positional and photometric determinations of objects registered on the plates. The results of tested methods show that the positional rms errors are better than ±150 mas for both coordinates and photometric ones are better than ±0.20m with the Tycho-2 catalogue as reference.

Effect of Plate Curvature on Blast Response of Structural Steel Plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Veeredhi, Lakshmi Shireen Banu; Ramana Rao, N. V.; Veeredhi, Vasudeva Rao

2018-04-01

In the present work an attempt is made, through simulation studies, to determine the effect of plate curvature on the blast response of a door structure made of ASTM A515 grade 50 steel plates. A door structure with dimensions of 5.142 m × 2.56 m × 10 mm having six different radii of curvatures is analyzed which is subjected to blast load. The radii of curvature investigated are infinity (flat plate), 16.63, 10.81, 8.26, 6.61 and 5.56 m. In the present study, a stand-off distance of 11 m is considered for all the cases. Results showed that the door structure with smallest radius of curvature experienced least plastic deformation and yielding when compared to a door with larger radius of curvature with same projected area. From the present Investigation, it is observed that, as the radius of curvature of the plate increases, the deformation mode gradually shifts from indentation mode to flexural mode. The plates with infinity and 16.63 m radius of curvature have undergone flexural mode of deformation and plates with 6.61 and 5.56 m radius of curvature undergo indentation mode of deformation. Whereas, mixed mode of deformation that consists of both flexural and indentation mode of deformations are seen in the plates with radius of curvature 10.81 and 8.26 m. As the radius of curvature of the plate decreases the ability of the plate to mitigate the effect the blast loads increased. It is observed that the plate with smaller radius of curvature deflects most of the blast energy and results in least indentation mode of deformation. The most significant observation made in the present investigation is that the strain energy absorbed by the steel plate gets reduced to 1/3 rd when the radius of curvature is approximately equal to the stand-off distance which could be the critical radius of curvature.

A new computational growth model for sea urchin skeletons.

PubMed

Zachos, Louis G

2009-08-07

A new computational model has been developed to simulate growth of regular sea urchin skeletons. The model incorporates the processes of plate addition and individual plate growth into a composite model of whole-body (somatic) growth. A simple developmental model based on hypothetical morphogens underlies the assumptions used to define the simulated growth processes. The data model is based on a Delaunay triangulation of plate growth center points, using the dual Voronoi polygons to define plate topologies. A spherical frame of reference is used for growth calculations, with affine deformation of the sphere (based on a Young-Laplace membrane model) to result in an urchin-like three-dimensional form. The model verifies that the patterns of coronal plates in general meet the criteria of Voronoi polygonalization, that a morphogen/threshold inhibition model for plate addition results in the alternating plate addition pattern characteristic of sea urchins, and that application of the Bertalanffy growth model to individual plates results in simulated somatic growth that approximates that seen in living urchins. The model suggests avenues of research that could explain some of the distinctions between modern sea urchins and the much more disparate groups of forms that characterized the Paleozoic Era.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: FON Astrographic Catalogue, Version 3.0 (Andruk+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andruk, V. M.; Pakuliak, L. K.; Golovnia, V. V.; Ivanov, G. O.; Yatsenko, A. I.; Shatokhina, S. V.; Yizhakevych, O. M.

2017-11-01

A catalog of positions and B-magnitudes of 19 million objects (FONAC V3.0) is presented. The catalog is a result of digitizing, image processing, and reduction of 2260 photographic plates of FON observational project from MAO NAS of Ukraine glass archive, which is the part of the UkrVO national project. (94 data files).

Plate Boundaries and Earthquake Prediction. Crustal Evolution Education Project. Teacher's Guide [and] Student Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoever, Edward C., Jr.

Crustal Evolution Education Project (CEEP) modules were designed to: (1) provide students with the methods and results of continuing investigations into the composition, history, and processes of the earth's crust and the application of this knowledge to man's activities and (2) to be used by teachers with little or no previous background in the…

Introduction to Lithospheric Plate Boundaries. Crustal Evaluation Education Project. Teacher's Guide [and] Student Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoever, Edward C., Jr.

Crustal Evolution Education Project (CEEP) modules were designed to: (1) provide students with the methods and results of continuing investigations into the composition, history, and processes of the earth's crust and the application of this knowledge to man's activities and (2) to be used by teachers with little or no previous background in the…

Locating Active Plate Boundaries by Earthquake Data. Crustal Evaluation Education Project. Teacher's Guide [and] Student Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoever, Edward C., Jr.

Crustal Evolution Education Project (CEEP) modules were designed to: (1) provide students with the methods and results of continuing investigations into the composition, history, and processes of the earth's crust and the application of this knowledge to man's activities and (2) to be used by teachers with little or no previous background in the…

Lithspheric Plates and Ocean Basin Topography. Crustal Evaluation Education Project. Teacher's Guide [and] Student Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoever, Edward C., Jr.

Crustal Evolution Education Project (CEEP) modules were designed to: (1) provide students with the methods and results of continuing investigations into the composition, history, and processes of the earth's crust and the application of this knowledge to man's activities and (2) to be used by teachers with little or no previous background in the…

Analytical model of tilted driver–pickup coils for eddy current nondestructive evaluation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Bing-Hua; Li, Chao; Fan, Meng-Bao; Ye, Bo; Tian, Gui-Yun

2018-03-01

A driver-pickup probe possesses better sensitivity and flexibility due to individual optimization of a coil. It is frequently observed in an eddy current (EC) array probe. In this work, a tilted non-coaxial driver-pickup probe above a multilayered conducting plate is analytically modeled with spatial transformation for eddy current nondestructive evaluation. Basically, the core of the formulation is to obtain the projection of magnetic vector potential (MVP) from the driver coil onto the vector along the tilted pickup coil, which is divided into two key steps. The first step is to make a projection of MVP along the pickup coil onto a horizontal plane, and the second one is to build the relationship between the projected MVP and the MVP along the driver coil. Afterwards, an analytical model for the case of a layered plate is established with the reflection and transmission theory of electromagnetic fields. The calculated values from the resulting model indicate good agreement with those from the finite element model (FEM) and experiments, which validates the developed analytical model. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61701500, 51677187, and 51465024).

Spirit's View Beside 'Home Plate' on Sol 1823

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera to take the images that have been combined into this 180-degree view of the rover's surroundings during the 1,823rd Martian day, or sol, of Spirit's surface mission (Feb. 17, 2009).

The center of the view is toward the south-southwest.

The rover had driven 7 meters (23 feet) eastward earlier on Sol 1823, part of maneuvering to get Spirit into a favorable position for climbing onto the low plateau called 'Home Plate.' However, after two driving attempts with negligible progress during the following three sols, the rover team changed its strategy for getting to destinations south of Home Plate. The team decided to drive Spirit at least partway around Home Plate, instead of ascending the northern edge and taking a shorter route across the top of the plateau.

Layered rocks forming part of the northern edge of Home Plate can be seen near the center of the image. Rover wheel tracks are visible at the lower edge.

This view is presented as a cylindrical projection with geometric seam correction.

Researcher and Mechanic with Solar Collector in Solar Simulator Cell

NASA Image and Video Library

1976-08-21

Researcher Susan Johnson and a mechanic examine a flat-plate solar collector in the Solar Simulator Cell in the High Temperature Composites Laboratory at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lewis Research Center. The Solar Simulator Cell allowed the researchers to control the radiation levels, air temperature, airflow, and fluid flow. The flat-plate collector, seen in a horizontal position here, was directed at the solar simulator, seen above Johnson, during the tests. Lewis researchers were studying the efficiency of various flat- plate solar collector designs in the 1970s for temperature control systems in buildings. The collectors consisted of a cover material, absorber plate, and parallel flow configuration. The collector’s absorber material and coating, covers, honeycomb material, mirrors, vacuum, and tube attachment could all be modified. Johnson’s study analyzed 35 collectors. Johnson, a lifelong pilot, joined NASA Lewis in 1974. The flat-plate solar collectors, seen here, were her first research project. Johnson also investigated advanced heat engines for general aviation and evaluated variable geometry combustors and liners. Johnson earned the Cleveland Technical Society’s Technical Achievement Award in 1984.

Metallic glass coating on metals plate by adjusted explosive welding technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, W. D.; Liu, K. X.; Chen, Q. Y.; Wang, J. T.; Yan, H. H.; Li, X. J.

2009-09-01

Using an adjusted explosive welding technique, an aluminum plate has been coated by a Fe-based metallic glass foil in this work. Scanning electronic micrographs reveal a defect-free metallurgical bonding between the Fe-based metallic glass foil and the aluminum plate. Experimental evidence indicates that the Fe-based metallic glass foil almost retains its amorphous state and mechanical properties after the explosive welding process. Additionally, the detailed explosive welding process has been simulated by a self-developed hydro-code and the bonding mechanism has been investigated by numerical analysis. The successful welding between the Fe-based metallic glass foil and the aluminum plate provides a new way to obtain amorphous coating on general metal substrates.

Central and South America GPS geodesy - CASA Uno

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kellogg, James N.; Dixon, Timothy H.

1990-01-01

In January 1988, scientists from over 25 organizations in 13 countries and territories cooperated in the largest GPS campaign in the world to date. A total of 43 GPS receivers collected approximately 590 station-days of data in American Samoa, Australia, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, New Zealand, Norway, Panama, Sweden, United States, West Germany, and Venezuela. The experiment was entitled CASA Uno. Scientific goals of the project include measurements of strain in the northern Andes, subduction rates for the Cocos and Nazca plates beneath Central and South America, and relative motion between the Caribbean plate and South America. A second set of measurements are planned in 1991 and should provide preliminary estimates of crustal deformation and plate motion rates in the region.

Development of technique for AR coating and nickel and copper metallization of solar cells. FPS Project: Product development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taylor, W.

1982-01-01

Printed nickel overplated with copper and applied on top of a predeposited silicon nitride antireflective coating system for metallizing solar cells was analyzed. The ESL D and E paste formulations, and the new formulations F, G, H, and D-1 were evaluated. The nickel thick films were tested after firing for stability in the cleaning and plating solutions used in the Vanguard-Pacific brush plating process. It was found that the films are very sensitive to the leaning and alkaline copper solutions. Less sensitivity was displayed to the neutral copper solution. Microscopic and SEM observations show segregation of frit at the silicon nitride thick film interface with loose frit residues after lifting off plated grid lines.

Electroplated Fe-Co-Ni films prepared from deep-eutectic-solvent-based plating baths

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yanai, Takeshi; Shiraishi, Kotaro; Akiyoshi, Toshiki; Azuma, Keita; Watanabe, Yoshimasa; Ohgai, Takeshi; Morimura, Takao; Nakano, Masaki; Fukunaga, Hirotoshi

2016-05-01

We fabricated soft magnetic films from DES-based plating baths, and investigated magnetic properties of the plated films. The plating baths were obtained by stirring the mixture of choline chloride, ethylene glycol, FeCl2 ṡ 4H2O, NiCl2 ṡ 6H2O and CoCl2 ṡ 6H2O. The composition of the electroplated film depended on the amount of the reagent in the plating bath, and we consequently obtained the films with various composition. The current efficiency of the plating process shows high values (> 88 %) in the wide composition range. The soft magnetic films with low coercivity were obtained at the Fe compositions of ≈ 30 at.% and > 80 at.%, and we found that low coercivity could be realized by the control of the film composition. We also found that the Fe-rich films prepared from DES-based plating bath have some advantages as a soft magnetic phase for a nanocomposite magnet due to their high saturation magnetization and very fine crystal structure.

Design and implementation of an automated compound management system in support of lead optimization.

PubMed

Quintero, Catherine; Kariv, Ilona

2009-06-01

To meet the needs of the increasingly rapid and parallelized lead optimization process, a fully integrated local compound storage and liquid handling system was designed and implemented to automate the generation of assay-ready plates directly from newly submitted and cherry-picked compounds. A key feature of the system is the ability to create project- or assay-specific compound-handling methods, which provide flexibility for any combination of plate types, layouts, and plate bar-codes. Project-specific workflows can be created by linking methods for processing new and cherry-picked compounds and control additions to produce a complete compound set for both biological testing and local storage in one uninterrupted workflow. A flexible cherry-pick approach allows for multiple, user-defined strategies to select the most appropriate replicate of a compound for retesting. Examples of custom selection parameters include available volume, compound batch, and number of freeze/thaw cycles. This adaptable and integrated combination of software and hardware provides a basis for reducing cycle time, fully automating compound processing, and ultimately increasing the rate at which accurate, biologically relevant results can be produced for compounds of interest in the lead optimization process.

Multigap resistive plate chambers for EAS study in the EEE Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

An, S.; Antolini, R.; Badalà, A.; Baldini Ferroli, R.; Bencivenni, G.; Blanco, F.; Bressan, E.; Chiavassa, A.; Cifarelli, L.; Cindolo, F.; Coccia, E.; de Pasquale, S.; di Giovanni, A.; D'Incecco, M.; Fabbri, F. L.; Garbini, M.; Giuliano, A.; Gustavino, C.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Imponente, G.; Kim, J.; La Rocca, P.; Librizzi, F.; Maggiora, A.; Menghetti, H.; Miozzi, S.; Moro, R.; Pace, E.; Panareo, M.; Pappalardo, G. S.; Piragino, G.; Riggi, F.; Sartorelli, G.; Sbarra, C.; Selvi, M.; Williams, C.; Zichichi, A.; Zuyeuski, R.

2007-10-01

The EEE (Extreme Energy Events) Project, conceived by its leader Antonino Zichichi, is an experiment to study very high-energetic air showers (EAS) through the detection of the shower's muon component using a network of tracking detectors, installed in Italian high schools. The single tracking telescope is composed of three large area (˜2m) Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs). The data collected by the telescopes will be used for studies of air showers and also for the search of time correlations between sites which are far apart. The first telescope, recently installed in the Liceo B. Touschek in Grottaferrata (Rome), is successfully running, and other telescopes are going to be installed in a short time in other towns, opening up the way for the first search of long-distance coincidences over a total area of ˜10km.

Crustal dynamics project observations: 1982 results and plans for 1983

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frey, H.

1983-01-01

The 1982 Crustal Dynamics Project observations by fixed and mobile SLR and VLBI systems are reviewed. Plate motion measurements between North America and Europe were conducted by both techniques and SLR measurements were also made between North America, the Pacific, Australia and South American plates. Regional deformation measurements by VLBI and SLR systems were restricted to the western United States in 1982, including a number of important intercomparison baseline measured by both techniques. In 1983 the observing program grows significantly, with new SLR systems in Mexico, Easter Island, the Pacific and Italy. New VLBI systems will include a dedicated VLBI site at Weltzell, in Germany. Two highly mobile SLR and two highly mobile VLBI systems will greatly increase the regional deformation measurements in California and through the Basin and Range, where more than 25 sites will be occupied in 1983.

Validation of Solar Sail Simulations for the NASA Solar Sail Demonstration Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Braafladt, Alexander C.; Artusio-Glimpse, Alexandra B.; Heaton, Andrew F.

2014-01-01

NASA's Solar Sail Demonstration project partner L'Garde is currently assembling a flight-like sail assembly for a series of ground demonstration tests beginning in 2015. For future missions of this sail that might validate solar sail technology, it is necessary to have an accurate sail thrust model. One of the primary requirements of a proposed potential technology validation mission will be to demonstrate solar sail thrust over a set time period, which for this project is nominally 30 days. This requirement would be met by comparing a L'Garde-developed trajectory simulation to the as-flown trajectory. The current sail simulation baseline for L'Garde is a Systems Tool Kit (STK) plug-in that includes a custom-designed model of the L'Garde sail. The STK simulation has been verified for a flat plate model by comparing it to the NASA-developed Solar Sail Spaceflight Simulation Software (S5). S5 matched STK with a high degree of accuracy and the results of the validation indicate that the L'Garde STK model is accurate enough to meet the potential future mission requirements. Additionally, since the L'Garde sail deviates considerably from a flat plate, a force model for a non-flat sail provided by L'Garde sail was also tested and compared to a flat plate model in S5. This result will be used in the future as a basis of comparison to the non-flat sail model being developed for STK.

Practical automatic Arabic license plate recognition system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohammad, Khader; Agaian, Sos; Saleh, Hani

2011-02-01

Since 1970's, the need of an automatic license plate recognition system, sometimes referred as Automatic License Plate Recognition system, has been increasing. A license plate recognition system is an automatic system that is able to recognize a license plate number, extracted from image sensors. In specific, Automatic License Plate Recognition systems are being used in conjunction with various transportation systems in application areas such as law enforcement (e.g. speed limit enforcement) and commercial usages such as parking enforcement and automatic toll payment private and public entrances, border control, theft and vandalism control. Vehicle license plate recognition has been intensively studied in many countries. Due to the different types of license plates being used, the requirement of an automatic license plate recognition system is different for each country. [License plate detection using cluster run length smoothing algorithm ].Generally, an automatic license plate localization and recognition system is made up of three modules; license plate localization, character segmentation and optical character recognition modules. This paper presents an Arabic license plate recognition system that is insensitive to character size, font, shape and orientation with extremely high accuracy rate. The proposed system is based on a combination of enhancement, license plate localization, morphological processing, and feature vector extraction using the Haar transform. The performance of the system is fast due to classification of alphabet and numerals based on the license plate organization. Experimental results for license plates of two different Arab countries show an average of 99 % successful license plate localization and recognition in a total of more than 20 different images captured from a complex outdoor environment. The results run times takes less time compared to conventional and many states of art methods.

Pawtuxet River, Warwick, Rhode Island. Local Flood Damage Reduction Study. Detailed Project Report for Water Resources Development.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-06-01

interested citizens. An impact assessment has been performed to determine both short and long range effects of project implementation. A system of accounts...of the flood problem in the Belmont Park area of Warwick is essential to the formulation of an effective water resources project. This section of the...the moderating effect of Narragansett Bay. Basin Description The Pawtuxet River Basin (see Plate 1) lies entirely within the State of Rhode Island and

Model-Based Structural Health Monitoring of Fatigue Damage Test-Bed Specimens

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-15

the hull welds or notches along component edges are good initial candidates for the hypothetical damage initiation areas. The branching process adds...to it off-center. The base plate and the stiffener plate are rigidly welded by a tungsten inert gas ( TIG ) weld . Three different crack paths...shown in Figure 9(a), an 18 in long stiffener plate has been welded to each of the tested plates with 0.625 in long discrete TIG welds at 5 locations

Seismic evidence for convection-driven motion of the North American plate.

PubMed

Eaton, David W; Frederiksen, Andrew

2007-03-22

Since the discovery of plate tectonics, the relative importance of driving forces of plate motion has been debated. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by uncertainties in estimates of basal traction, which controls the coupling between lithospheric plates and underlying mantle convection. Hotspot tracks preserve records of past plate motion and provide markers with which the relative motion between a plate's surface and underlying mantle regions may be examined. Here we show that the 115-140-Myr surface expression of the Great Meteor hotspot track in eastern North America is misaligned with respect to its location at 200 km depth, as inferred from plate-reconstruction models and seismic tomographic studies. The misalignment increases with age and is consistent with westward displacement of the base of the plate relative to its surface, at an average rate of 3.8 +/- 1.8 mm yr(-1). Here age-constrained 'piercing points' have enabled direct estimation of relative motion between the surface and underside of a plate. The relative displacement of the base is approximately parallel to seismic fast axes and calculated mantle flow, suggesting that asthenospheric flow may be deforming the lithospheric keel and exerting a driving force on this part of the North American plate.

Tensile behaviors of three-dimensionally free-formable titanium mesh plates for bone graft applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Jianmei

2017-11-01

Present metal artificial bones for bone grafts have the problems like too heavy and excessive elastic modulus compared with natural bones. In this study, three-dimensionally (3D) free-formable titanium mesh plates for bone graft applications was introduced to improve these problems. Fundamental mesh shapes and patterns were designed under different base shapes and design parameters through three dimensional CAD tools from higher flexibility and strength points of view. Based on the designed mesh shape and patterns, sample specimens of titanium mesh plates with different base shapes and design variables were manufactured through laser processing. Tensile properties of the sample titanium mesh plates like volume density, tensile elastic modulus were experimentally and analytically evaluated. Experimental results showed that such titanium mesh plates had much higher flexibility and their mechanical properties could be controlled to close to the natural bones. More details on the mechanical properties of titanium mesh plates including compression, bending, torsion and durability will be carried out in future study.

How mantle slabs drive plate tectonics.

PubMed

Conrad, Clinton P; Lithgow-Bertelloni, Carolina

2002-10-04

The gravitational pull of subducted slabs is thought to drive the motions of Earth's tectonic plates, but the coupling between slabs and plates is not well established. If a slab is mechanically attached to a subducting plate, it can exert a direct pull on the plate. Alternatively, a detached slab may drive a plate by exciting flow in the mantle that exerts a shear traction on the base of the plate. From the geologic history of subduction, we estimated the relative importance of "pull" versus "suction" for the present-day plates. Observed plate motions are best predicted if slabs in the upper mantle are attached to plates and generate slab pull forces that account for about half of the total driving force on plates. Slabs in the lower mantle are supported by viscous mantle forces and drive plates through slab suction.

Survey and Testing of Archaeological Resources at Clinton Lake, Kansas, 1978-1979.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-08-01

Lake area. Some sites appear to be special purpose camps, while others may be more permanently or regularly occupied base camps or villages. The...96 Plate 15. Clovis-like Point Base from 14D0137. ........ 101 Plate 16. Core from Site 14D0140................110 Plate 17...that effort required for testing and evaluation should be based on some measurable parameter in order to protect both parties. A volumetric measure of

The interpretation of crustal dynamics data in terms of plate motions and regional deformation near plate boundaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solomon, Sean C.

During our participation in the NASA Crustal Dynamics Project under NASA contract NAS-27339 and grant NAG5-814 for the period 1982-1991, we published or submitted for publication 30 research papers and 52 abstracts of presentations at scientific meetings. In addition, five M.I.T. Ph.D. students (Eric Bergman, Steven Bratt, Dan Davis, Jeanne Sauber, Anne Sheehan) were supported wholly or in part by this project during their thesis research. Highlights of our research progress during this period include the following: application of geodetic data to determine rates of strain in the Mojave block and in central California and to clarify the relation of such strain to the San Andreas fault and Pacific-North American plate motions; application of geodetic data to infer post seismic deformation associated with large earthquakes in the Imperial Valley, Hebgen Lake, Argentina, and Chile; determination of the state of stress in oceanic lithosphere from a systematic study of the centroid depths and source mechanisms of oceanic intraplate earthquakes; development of models for the state of stress in young oceanic regions arising from the differential cooling of the lithosphere; determination of the depth extent and rupture characteristics of oceanic transform earthquakes; improved determination of earthquake slip vectors in the Gulf of California, an important data set for the estimation of Pacific-North American plate motions; development of models for the state of stress and mechanics of fold-and-thrust belts and accretionary wedges; development of procedures to invert geoid height, residual bathymetry, and differential body wave travel time residuals for lateral variations in the characteristic temperature and bulk composition of the oceanic upper mantle; and initial GPS measurements of crustal deformation associated with the Imperial-Cerro Prieto fault system in southern California and northern Mexico. Full descriptions of the research conducted on these topics may be found in the Semi-Annual status Reports submitted regularly to NASA over the course of this project and in the publications listed.

The interpretation of crustal dynamics data in terms of plate motions and regional deformation near plate boundaries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Solomon, Sean C.

1991-01-01

During our participation in the NASA Crustal Dynamics Project under NASA contract NAS-27339 and grant NAG5-814 for the period 1982-1991, we published or submitted for publication 30 research papers and 52 abstracts of presentations at scientific meetings. In addition, five M.I.T. Ph.D. students (Eric Bergman, Steven Bratt, Dan Davis, Jeanne Sauber, Anne Sheehan) were supported wholly or in part by this project during their thesis research. Highlights of our research progress during this period include the following: application of geodetic data to determine rates of strain in the Mojave block and in central California and to clarify the relation of such strain to the San Andreas fault and Pacific-North American plate motions; application of geodetic data to infer post seismic deformation associated with large earthquakes in the Imperial Valley, Hebgen Lake, Argentina, and Chile; determination of the state of stress in oceanic lithosphere from a systematic study of the centroid depths and source mechanisms of oceanic intraplate earthquakes; development of models for the state of stress in young oceanic regions arising from the differential cooling of the lithosphere; determination of the depth extent and rupture characteristics of oceanic transform earthquakes; improved determination of earthquake slip vectors in the Gulf of California, an important data set for the estimation of Pacific-North American plate motions; development of models for the state of stress and mechanics of fold-and-thrust belts and accretionary wedges; development of procedures to invert geoid height, residual bathymetry, and differential body wave travel time residuals for lateral variations in the characteristic temperature and bulk composition of the oceanic upper mantle; and initial GPS measurements of crustal deformation associated with the Imperial-Cerro Prieto fault system in southern California and northern Mexico. Full descriptions of the research conducted on these topics may be found in the Semi-Annual status Reports submitted regularly to NASA over the course of this project and in the publications listed.

The solution of proofing pie for the waste sorting plant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braila, Natalya; Kirilkina, Anna; Barinov, Sergey

2017-10-01

The modern way of establishment of a flat roof is considered in the article. The standard project of the waste sorting plant was adapted under the conditions of the Republic of Karelia. Instead of the traditional roof with a slope from the concrete coupler, provided by the project, the option with the use of heater in the form of wedge-shaped plates was offered.

MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of a Generalized Burgers’ Fluid due to a Periodic Oscillating and Periodic Heating Plate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Yu; Jiang, Yue-Hua; Zhang, Yan; Zhao, Hao-Jie

2017-10-01

This paper investigates the MHD flow and heat transfer of the incompressible generalized Burgers’ fluid due to a periodic oscillating plate with the effects of the second order slip and periodic heating plate. The momentum equation is formulated with multi-term fractional derivatives, and by means of viscous dissipation, the fractional derivative is considered in the energy equation. A finite difference scheme is established based on the G1-algorithm, whose convergence is confirmed by the comparison with the analytical solution in an example. Meanwhile the numerical solutions of velocity, temperature and shear stress are obtained. The effects of involved parameters on velocity and temperature fields are presented graphically and analyzed in detail. Increasing the fractional derivative parameter α, the velocity and temperature have a decreasing trend, while the influences of fractional derivative parameter β on the velocity and temperature behave conversely. Increasing the absolute value of the first order slip parameter and the second order slip parameter both cause a decrease of velocity. Furthermore, with the decreasing of the magnetic parameter, the shear stress decreases. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grant Nos. 21576023, 51406008, the National Key Research Program of China under Grant Nos. 2016YFC0700601, 2016YFC0700603 and the BUCEA Post Graduate Innovation Project (PG2017032)

DASCH to Measure (and preserve) the Harvard Plates: Opening the ˜100-year Time Domain Astronomy Window

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grindlay, J.; Tang, S.; Simcoe, R.; Laycock, S.; Los, E.; Mink, D.; Doane, A.; Champine, G.

2009-08-01

The temporal Universe is now possible to study on previously inaccessible timescales of days to decades, over a full century, with the planned full-digitization of the Harvard plate collection. The Digital Access to a Sky Century @ Harvard (DASCH) project has developed the world's highest-speed precision plate scanner and the required software to digitize the ˜500,000 glass photographic plates (mostly 20 x 25~cm) that record images of the full sky taken by some 20 telescopes in both hemispheres over the period 1880 - 1985. These provide ˜500-1000 measures of any object brighter than the plate limit (typically B ˜14 - 17) with photometric accuracy from the digital image typically Δm ˜0.10 - 0.15 mag, with the presently developed photometry pipeline and spatially-dependent calibration (using the Hubble Guide Star Catalog) for each plate. We provide an overview of DASCH, the processing, and example light curves that illustrate the power of this unique dataset and resource. Production scanning and serving on-line the entire ˜1 PB database (both images and derived light curves) on spinning disk could be completed within ˜3 - 5 y after funding (for scanner operations and database construction) is obtained.

Bitter-type toroidal field magnet for zephyr

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nathrath, N.; Keinath, W.; Kobusch, W.

1981-09-01

A feasibility study concerning stress computations, design and material technology of a Bitter-type magnet for the ZEPHYR project conducted in West Germany is reported. The big overall dimensions of the magnet (6.50 m diam 2.80 m high), access for diagnostics and neutral injection (16 ports), the possibility of remote handling of activated parts and high forces form the main requirements for design and material. A design with 16 identical modules (coils) was chosen, each coil consisting of 16 Bitter plates, plate housings and one diagnostic/neutral injection wedge. The structural parts are connected by bolts and form the bending stiff structuremore » of the magnet. The most critical area of the magnet is the inner wedge-shaped part of the coils (''throat area'') with extremely high tension, compression and shear stress values, to which temperature effects contribute heavily. Steel-copper compounds are found to be the best Bitter-plate materials. Copper-plating austenitic steel can be done galvanically or by explosive techniques. Cold-worked austenitic steels fulfil the requirements in the throat, in the flat-plate region milder steels can be used. Different plate concepts are being considered. Plasma-sprayed Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//TiO/sub 2/ and reinforced epoxy layers are provided as insulating materials in different magnet areas.« less

Investigation of the Microtek Scanmaker 1000XL Plus Scanner of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mullo-Abdolov, A.; Kokhirova, G.; Relke, H.; Yuldoshev, Q.; Protsyuk, Yu.; Andruk, V.

This work was done to estimate the accuracy of the processing method of photographic plates and the detailed study of the Microtek ScanMaker 1000XL Plus scanner, which plans to be used for the digitizing of about 1600 photographic plates of the Astrophysics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (Dushanbe) recorded for the FON project. For the processing of these photographic plates will be used software created in the LINUX/MIDAS/ROMAFOT environment. Six sequential scans of a single plate (1150, the Pleiades cluster) with a spatial resolution of 1200 dpi were processed to evaluate the repeatability of the scanner's astrometric and photometric errors. The size of photographic plates is 8 x 8 degrees (30 x 30 cm or 13000 x 13000 pixels). The estimated errors of the scanner for the stars brighter than B < 13.5m are σ xy = ± 0.054 pixels for the rectangular coordinates and σ m = ± 0.020m for the instrumental magnitudes. The estimated astrometric accuracy of the processing of stellar fields of photographic plates in the system of the Tycho-2 catalogue is σαδ = ± 0.13″.

Bringing Hometown Relevance to Introductory Geology Courses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goodell, L. P.

2008-12-01

An abundance of on-line data and content is increasingly available, especially for the U.S., and can easily bring a "hometown touch" to geoscience courses. This is particularly valuable at the introductory level where student engagement can be a challenge. Students are naturally drawn to material with which they have a personal connection, and this connection can be exploited to instantly engage students in course content. For example, most students have never really thought about the topography of their hometowns and are fascinated to examine topographic maps that cover the areas in which they grew up. The theory of plate tectonics becomes real as students use high-precision GPS data to show near real-time plate motions of where they live (and GPS is something more and more students are familiar with). At Princeton and other institutions drawing students from a wide geographic area, students get the added benefit of being able to compare and contrast characteristics of each other's hometowns. Applications of hometown perspective include: 1) Hometown map exercises: obtain USGS 1:24000 topographic quadrangle maps of students' hometown areas. These can be inexpensively ordered from a variety of sources or printed from downloaded digital scans. 2) Hometown stream projects: students choose streams of personal interest, download NWIS discharge data and discover typical discharge patterns, examine unusual events such as floods or droughts, perform flood frequency analyses, and see changes over time (e.g. due to development or stream exploitation). 3) Hometown plate motions: students can use several independent methods to track both short-term and long-term average plate motions. They can download high-precision GPS data from stations near their hometowns to get near real-time plate motions. These can be compared to independent long-term averages from various "plate motion calculators" that are based on geologic data. 4) Hometown earthquakes: use USGS or IRIS seismic monitors to look at earthquake patterns in hometown regions. 5) Hometown seismic data: analyze remote earthquakes using seismograph data from stations near students' hometowns. 6) Hometown climate change: examine historic temperature and precipitation records from stations or regions near students' hometowns and analyze changes over time.

Using Global Plate Velocity Boundary Conditions for Embedded Regional Geodynamic Models: Application to 3-D Modeling of the Early Rifting of the South Atlantic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taramón, Jorge M.; Morgan, Jason P.; Pérez-Gussinyé, Marta

2016-04-01

The treatment of far-field boundary conditions is one of the most poorly resolved issues for regional modeling of geodynamic processes. In viscous flow, the choice of far-field boundary conditions often strongly shapes the large-scale structure of a geosimulation. The mantle velocity field along the sidewalls and base of a modeling region is typically much more poorly known than the geometry of past global motions of the surface plates as constrained by global plate motion reconstructions. For regional rifting models it has become routine to apply highly simplified 'plate spreading' or 'uniform rifting' boundary conditions to a 3-D model that limits its ability to simulate the geodynamic evolution of a specific rifted margin. One way researchers are exploring the sensitivity of regional models to uncertain boundary conditions is to use a nested modeling approach in which a global model is used to determine a large-scale flow pattern that is imposed as a constraint along the boundaries of the region to be modeled. Here we explore the utility of a different approach that takes advantage of the ability of finite element models to use unstructured meshes than can embed much higher resolution sub-regions. Here we demonstrate the workflow and code tools that we created to generate this unstructured mesh: solver based on springs, guide-mesh and routines to improve the quality, e.g., closeness to a regular tetrahedron, of the tetrahedral elements of the mesh. Note that the same routines are used to generate a new mesh in the remeshing of a distorted Lagrangian mesh. In our initial project to validate this approach, we create a global spherical shell mesh in which a higher resolution sub-region is created around the nascent South Atlantic Rifting Margin. Global Plate motion BCs and plate boundaries are applied for the time of the onset of rifting, continuing through several 10s of Ma of rifting. Thermal, compositional, and melt-related buoyancy forces are only non-zero within the high-resolution sub-region, elsewhere, motions are constrained by surface plate-motion constraints. The total number of unknowns needed to solve an embedded regional model with this approach is less than 1/3 larger than that needed for a structured-mesh solution on a Cartesian or spherical cap sub-regional mesh. Here we illustrate the steps within this workflow for modeling the potential mantle flow associated with the early rifting evolution of the South Atlantic, in particular studying the potential effects of a 'Parana Plume' during the transition from rift to drift.

Development of a trans-admittance mammography (TAM) using 60×60 electrode array

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Mingkang; Liu, Qin; In Oh, Tong; Woo, Eung Je; Seo, Jin Keun

2010-04-01

We have developed a trans-admittance mammography (TAM) system as a supplementary or alternative method of the X-ray mammography to diagnose the breast cancer. Mechanical structure of the system is similar to the X-ray mammography with the breast placed between two plates. The pair of plates is movable to accommodate breasts with different sizes and rotatable to provide multiple images with different projection angles. Without using ionizing radiation, it acquires a projection image of tissue admittivity values. One plate is a flat solid electrode where we apply a constant sinusoidal voltage with a variable frequency. The other is equipped with 60×60 array of current-sensing electrodes, of which potentials are kept at the signal reference level. The electrode array is connected to six switching modules and each module routes current signals from 600 electrodes to two ammeter modules. Each ammeter module includes six channels of ammeters and each one of them comprises an independent current-to-voltage converter, voltage amplifier, ADC and digital phase-sensitive demodulator. Each ammeter sequentially measures exit currents from 50 electrodes chosen by the corresponding switching module. An FPGA controls six ammeters to collect real- and imaginary-parts of trans-admittance data from 300 electrodes. A separate FPGA arbitrates data and command exchanges between a DSP-based main controller and ammeter modules. It also generates a sinusoidal voltage signal to be applied to the breast. All the 3600 complex current data from 12 ammeter modules are transferred to the main controller, which is interfaced to a PC through an isolated USB. The system is provided with a program to display real- and imaginary-parts of measured trans-admittance maps. The measured maps at multiple frequencies are incorporated into a frequency-difference anomaly detection algorithm. In this paper, we describe the design and construction of the system.

Education and Public Outreach for the Cascadia Initiative--Engaging communities in their own Geologic Back Yards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Livelybrooks, D.; Toomey, D. R.; Brennan, D.; Mulder, G.

2013-12-01

The Cascadia Initiative is a four-year, amphibious project employing arrays of seismometers, pressure gauges, and GPS monitors. Its goals are to study the structure of the Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates, deformation of the leading edge of the North American plate, the nature of the locked zone between plates where large earthquakes occur, and inboard slow slip events. For the past three summers, members of the Cascadia Initiative Expedition Team (CIET), Oregon community college students and faculty, and other undergraduate and graduate students have participated in 3-6 cruises annually to deploy and recover ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs) off the coast of California, Oregon, Washington and Vancouver Island. Additionally, Oregon K-12 educators have engaged in using low-cost and research-grade seismometers to characterize school site shaking hazards as a way to influence school leadership and address seismic hazards. As part of CIET's unique ';CC@Sea' program, community college students and instructors have developed videos, talks and posters based on their experiences, and present these to CC core science classes and other campus groups (e.g. ROV clubs) to help catalyze interest in geoscience and other STEM careers. These presentations include both scientific goals and experiential impressions, and serve to capture the teamwork and multiple skill sets found among ship and scientific crews at sea. As part of a Title IIb math-science partnership program, a team of middle- and high-school teachers is developing classroom projects around school seismic hazards, a very real possibility for we who live near the Cascadia subduction zone. Students will analyze data, report their findings, and provide recommendations focused on mitigating hazards to school administrators and school boards. This presentation will summarize how CIET's K-14 EPO efforts support student, teacher and the broader community engagement at the nexus of the geosciences and public policy. A K-12 teacher serves as a seismic signal source

Detecting delaminations and disbondings on full-scale wing composite panel by guided waves based SHM system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monaco, E.; Boffa, N. D.; Memmolo, V.; Ricci, F.; Maio, L.

2016-04-01

A full-scale lower wing panel made of composite material has been designed, manufactured and sensorised within the European Funded research project named SARISTU. The authors contributed to the whole development of the system, from design to implementation as well as to the impacts campaign phase where Barely Visible and Visible Damages (BVID and VID) are to be artificially induced on the panel by a pneumatic impact machine. This work summarise part of the experimental results related to damages production, their assessment by C-SCAN as reference NDT method as well as damage detection of delimitations by a guided waves based SHM. The SHM system is made by customized piezoelectric patches secondary bonded on the wing plate acting both as guided waves sources and receivers. The paper will deal mostly with the experimental impact campaign and the signal analyses carried out to extract the metrics more sensitive to damages induced. Image reconstruction of the damages dimensions and shapes will be also described based mostly on the combination of metrics maps over the plate partial surfaces. Finally a comparison of damages maps obtained by the SHM approach and those obtained by "classic" C-SCAN will be presented analyzing briefly pros and cons of the two different approached as a combination to the most effective structural maintenance scenario of a commercial aircraft.

Installation Torque Tables for Noncritical Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rivera-Rosario, Hazel T.; Powell, Joseph S.

2017-01-01

The objective of this project is to define torque values for bolts and screws when loading is not a concern. Fasteners require a certain torque to fulfill its function and prevent failure. NASA Glenn Research Center did not have a set of fastener torque tables for non-critical applications without loads, usually referring to hand-tight or wrench-tight torqueing. The project is based on two formulas, torque and pullout load. Torque values are calculated giving way to preliminary data tables. Testing is done to various bolts and metal plates, torqueing them until the point of failure. Around 640 torque tables were developed for UNC, UNF, and M fasteners. Different lengths of thread engagement were analyzed for the 5 most common materials used at GRC. The tables were put together in an Excel spreadsheet and then formatted into a Word document. The plan is to later convert this to an official technical publication or memorandum.

Combining shearography and interferometric fringe projection in a single device for complete control of industrial applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blain, Pascal; Michel, Fabrice; Piron, Pierre; Renotte, Yvon; Habraken, Serge

2013-08-01

Noncontact optical measurement methods are essential tools in many industrial and research domains. A family of new noncontact optical measurement methods based on the polarization states splitting technique and monochromatic light projection as a way to overcome ambient lighting for in-situ measurement has been developed. Recent works on a birefringent element, a Savart plate, allow one to build a more flexible and robust interferometer. This interferometer is a multipurpose metrological device. On one hand the interferometer can be set in front of a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. This optical measurement system is called a shearography interferometer and allows one to measure microdisplacements between two states of the studied object under coherent lighting. On the other hand, by producing and shifting multiple sinusoidal Young's interference patterns with this interferometer, and using a CCD camera, it is possible to build a three-dimensional structured light profilometer.

Time-Accurate Solutions of Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations for Potential Turbopump Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kiris, Cetin; Kwak, Dochan

2001-01-01

Two numerical procedures, one based on artificial compressibility method and the other pressure projection method, are outlined for obtaining time-accurate solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The performance of the two method are compared by obtaining unsteady solutions for the evolution of twin vortices behind a at plate. Calculated results are compared with experimental and other numerical results. For an un- steady ow which requires small physical time step, pressure projection method was found to be computationally efficient since it does not require any subiterations procedure. It was observed that the artificial compressibility method requires a fast convergence scheme at each physical time step in order to satisfy incompressibility condition. This was obtained by using a GMRES-ILU(0) solver in our computations. When a line-relaxation scheme was used, the time accuracy was degraded and time-accurate computations became very expensive.

The thrust belt in Southwest Montana and east-central Idaho

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ruppel, Edward T.; Lopez, David A.

1984-01-01

The leading edge of the Cordilleran fold and thrust in southwest Montana appears to be a continuation of the edge of the Wyoming thrust belt, projected northward beneath the Snake River Plain. Trces of the thrust faults that form the leading edge of the thrust belts are mostly concealed, but stratigraphic and structural evidence suggests that the belt enters Montana near the middle of the Centennial Mountains, continues west along the Red Rock River valley, and swings north into the Highland Mountains near Butte. The thrust belt in southwest Montana and east-central Idaho includes at least two major plates -- the Medicine Lodge and Grasshopper thrust plates -- each of which contains a distinctive sequence of rocks, different in facies and structural style from those of the cratonic region east of the thrust belt. The thrust plates are characterized by persuasive, open to tight and locally overturned folds, and imbricate thrust faults, structural styles unusual in Phanerozoic cratonic rocks. The basal decollement zones of the plates are composed of intensely sheared, crushed, brecciated, and mylonitized rocks, the decollement at the base of the Medicine Lodge plate is as much as 300 meters thick. The Medicine Lodge and Grasshopper thrust plates are fringed on the east by a 10- to 50-kilometer-wide zone of tightly folded rocks cut by imbricate thrust fauls, a zone that forms the eastern margin of the thrust belt in southwest Montana. The frontal fold and thrust zone includes rocks that are similar to those of the craton, even though they differ in details of thickness, composition, or stratigraphic sequence. The zone is interpreted to be one of terminal folding and thrusting in cratonic rocks overridden by the major thrust plates from farther west. The cratonic rocks were drape-folded over rising basement blocks that formed a foreland bulge in front of the thrust belt. The basement blocks are bounded by steep faults of Proterozoic ancestry, which also moved as tear faults during thrusting, and seem to have controlled the curving patterns of salients and reentrants at the leading edge of the thrust belt. Radiometric and stratiographic evidence shows that the thrust belt was in its present position by about 75 million year go.

Research and Development of Heavy Wall DNV485FDU Pipeline Plate for 3500M Deep Water Pipe Applications at Shougang

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, Wenhua; Li, Shaopo; Li, Jiading; Li, Qun; Chen, Tieqiang; Zhang, Hai

In recent years, there has been development of several significant pipeline projects for the transmission of oil and gas from deep water environments. The production of gas transmission pipelines for application demands heavy wall, high strength, good lower temperature toughness and good weldability. To overcome the difficulty of producing consistent mechanical property in heavy wall pipe Shougang Steel Research in cooperation with the Shougang Steel Qinhuangdao China (Shouqin) 4.3m heavy wide plate mill research was conducted.

PaleoMac: A Macintosh™ application for treating paleomagnetic data and making plate reconstructions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cogné, J. P.

2003-01-01

This brief note provides an overview of a new Macintosh™ application, PaleoMac, (MacOS 8.0 or later, 15Mb RAM required) which permits rapid processing of paleomagnetic data, from the demagnetization data acquired in the laboratory, to the treatment of paleomagnetic poles, plate reconstructions, finite rotation computations on a sphere, and characterization of relative plate motions. Capabilities of PaleoMac include (1) high interactivity between the user and data displayed on screen which provides a fast and easy way to handle, add and remove data or contours, perform computations on subsets of points, change projections, sizes, etc.; (2) performance of all standard principal component analysis and statistical processing on a sphere [, 1953] etc.); (3) output of high quality plots, compatible with graphic programs such as Adobe Illustrator, and output of numerical results as ASCII files. Beyond its usefulness in treating paleomagnetic data, its ability to handle plate motion computations should be of large interest to the Earth science community.

Background Paper on Aerospace & Missile Needs

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-01

Micro- welding based coatings Trivalent chromium plated coatings Nano-composite Ni-P and Co-P based plated coatings Thermal diffusion coatings Plasma...working in conjunction with Advanced Surfaces and Processes, Inc. to determine the applicability of another type of ESD process. Trivalent Chromium ...Plating: Trivalent chromium is considered to be much less toxic than hexavalent chromium . Consequently, trivalent chromium coatings are being

Conception through build of an automated liquids processing system for compound management in a low-humidity environment.

PubMed

Belval, Richard; Alamir, Ab; Corte, Christopher; DiValentino, Justin; Fernandes, James; Frerking, Stuart; Jenkins, Derek; Rogers, George; Sanville-Ross, Mary; Sledziona, Cindy; Taylor, Paul

2012-12-01

Boehringer Ingelheim's Automated Liquids Processing System (ALPS) in Ridgefield, Connecticut, was built to accommodate all compound solution-based operations following dissolution in neat DMSO. Process analysis resulted in the design of two nearly identical conveyor-based subsystems, each capable of executing 1400 × 384-well plate or punch tube replicates per batch. Two parallel-positioned subsystems are capable of independent execution or alternatively executed as a unified system for more complex or higher throughput processes. Primary ALPS functions include creation of high-throughput screening plates, concentration-response plates, and reformatted master stock plates (e.g., 384-well plates from 96-well plates). Integrated operations included centrifugation, unsealing/piercing, broadcast diluent addition, barcode print/application, compound transfer/mix via disposable pipette tips, and plate sealing. ALPS key features included instrument pooling for increased capacity or fail-over situations, programming constructs to associate one source plate to an array of replicate plates, and stacked collation of completed plates. Due to the hygroscopic nature of DMSO, ALPS was designed to operate within a 10% relativity humidity environment. The activities described are the collaborative efforts that contributed to the specification, build, delivery, and acceptance testing between Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the automation integration vendor, Thermo Scientific Laboratory Automation (Burlington, ON, Canada).

Natural convection and radiation heat transfer from an array of inclined pin fins

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alessio, M.E.; Kaminski, D.A.

1989-02-01

Natural convection and radiation from an air-cooled, highly populated pin-fin array were studied experimentally. the effects of pin density, pin length, and the angle of the pin to the horizontal were measured. Previous work by Sparrow and Vemuri treated the case of a vertical base plate with horizontal fins. recently, Sparrow and Vemuri (1986) extended their study to include results for vertical fins with a horizontal down-facing base plate, as well as vertical fins with a horizontal up-facing base plate. In this study, the base plate is maintained in a vertical position and the angle of the pins is variedmore » from the horizontal. The main intent of this study was to compare the performance of inclined pin fins with straight pin fins. In all cases studied, the straight, horizontal fins were superior to the inclined fins. It was possible to obtain a single general correlation of the test data. While this correlation is recommended within the range of parameters that were tested here, one significant parameter, the size of the base plate, was not varied.« less

Dorsal or Volar Plate Fixation of the Distal Radius: Does the Complication Rate Help Us to Choose?

PubMed

Disseldorp, D J G; Hannemann, P F W; Poeze, M; Brink, P R G

2016-08-01

Internal fixation with plates is a reliable fixation technique for the treatment of distal radius fractures. An ongoing discussion exists whether volar or dorsal plating is the appropriate technique. In clinical practice, volar plate fixation is usually preferred because of the assumed lower complication frequency. However, recent studies with the newer generation low-profile dorsal plates reported lower complication rates. The aim of our study was to evaluate the differences in complication rates between volar and dorsal plate for the treatment of distal radius fractures in adult patients. A total of 214 patients with acute distal radius fractures were included in this retrospective study with a minimum 2 years of follow-up. In total, 123 patients were treated with dorsal plate fixation and 91 patients with volar plate fixation. Our primary study outcome was complication rate. The overall risk for complications was 15.4% in the dorsal group and 14.3% in the volar group (p = 0.81). A total of 19 patients had implant removal due to complications: 11 patients in the dorsal group and 8 patients in the volar group (p = 0.97). There is no preferred plate fixation technique based on these study results. In our opinion, decision for type of plate fixation should be based on fracture type and surgeon's experience with the specific approach and plate types. Therapeutic level III.

Devices, systems, and methods for imaging

DOEpatents

Appleby, David; Fraser, Iain; Watson, Scott

2008-04-15

Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a system, which can comprise an imaging plate. The imaging plate can be exposable by an x-ray source. The imaging plate can be configured to be used in digital radiographic imaging. The imaging plate can comprise a phosphor-based image storage device configured to convert an image stored therein into light.

Density structure and geometry of the Costa Rican subduction zone from 3-D gravity modeling and local earthquake data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lücke, O. H.; Arroyo, I. G.

2015-07-01

The eastern part of the oceanic Cocos Plate presents a heterogeneous crustal structure due to diverse origins and ages as well as plate-hot spot interactions which originated the Cocos Ridge, a structure that converges with the Caribbean Plate in southeastern Costa Rica. The complex structure of the oceanic plate directly influences the dynamics and geometry of the subduction zone along the Middle American Trench. In this paper an integrated interpretation of the slab geometry is presented based on three-dimensional density modeling of combined satellite and surface gravity data, constrained by available geophysical and geological data and seismological information obtained from local networks. The results show the continuation of steep subduction geometry from the Nicaraguan margin into Northwestern Costa Rica, followed by a moderate dipping slab under the Central Cordillera toward the end of the Central American Volcanic Arc. To the southeast end of the volcanic arc, our preferred model shows a steep, coherent slab that extends up to the landward projection of the Panama Fracture Zone. Overall, a gradual change in the depth of the intraplate seismicity is observed, reaching 220 km in the northwestern part, and becoming progressively shallower toward the southeast, where it reaches a terminal depth of 75 km. The changes in the terminal depth of the observed seismicity correlate with the increased density in the modeled slab. The absence of intermediate depth intraplate seismicity in the southeastern section and the higher densities for the subducted slab in this area, support a model in which dehydration reactions in the subducted slab cease at a shallower depth, originating an anhydrous and thus aseismic slab.

Density structure and geometry of the Costa Rican subduction zone from 3-D gravity modeling and local earthquake data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lücke, O. H.; Arroyo, I. G.

2015-10-01

The eastern part of the oceanic Cocos Plate presents a heterogeneous crustal structure due to diverse origins and ages as well as plate-hot spot interactions which originated the Cocos Ridge, a structure that converges with the Caribbean Plate in southeastern Costa Rica. The complex structure of the oceanic plate directly influences the dynamics and geometry of the subduction zone along the Middle American Trench. In this paper an integrated interpretation of the slab geometry in Costa Rica is presented based on 3-D density modeling of combined satellite and surface gravity data, constrained by available geophysical and geological data and seismological information obtained from local networks. The results show the continuation of steep subduction geometry from the Nicaraguan margin into northwestern Costa Rica, followed by a moderate dipping slab under the Central Cordillera toward the end of the Central American Volcanic Arc. Contrary to commonly assumed, to the southeast end of the volcanic arc, our preferred model shows a steep, coherent slab that extends up to the landward projection of the Panama Fracture Zone. Overall, a gradual change in the depth of the intraplate seismicity is observed, reaching 220 km in the northwestern part, and becoming progressively shallower toward the southeast, where it reaches a maximum depth of 75 km. The changes in the terminal depth of the observed seismicity correlate with the increased density in the modeled slab. The absence of intermediate depth (> 75 km) intraplate seismicity in the southeastern section and the higher densities for the subducted slab in this area, support a model in which dehydration reactions in the subducted slab cease at a shallower depth, originating an anhydrous and thus aseismic slab.

Shuttle Hitchhiker Experiment Launcher System (SHELS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daelemans, Gerry

1999-01-01

NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Shuttle Small Payloads Project (SSPP), in partnership with the United States Air Force and NASA's Explorer Program, is developing a Shuttle based launch system called SHELS (Shuttle Hitchhiker Experiment Launcher System), which shall be capable of launching up to a 400 pound spacecraft from the Shuttle cargo bay. SHELS consists of a Marman band clamp push-plate ejection system mounted to a launch structure; the launch structure is mounted to one Orbiter sidewall adapter beam. Avionics mounted to the adapter beam will interface with Orbiter electrical services and provide optional umbilical services and ejection circuitry. SHELS provides an array of manifesting possibilities to a wide range of satellites.

Performance study of large area encoding readout MRPC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, X. L.; Wang, Y.; Chen, G.; Han, D.; Wang, X.; Zeng, M.; Zeng, Z.; Zhao, Z.; Guo, B.

2018-02-01

Muon tomography system built by the 2-D readout high spatial resolution Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) detector is a project of Tsinghua University. An encoding readout method based on the fine-fine configuration has been used to minimize the number of the readout electronic channels resulting in reducing the complexity and the cost of the system. In this paper, we provide a systematic comparison of the MRPC detector performance with and without fine-fine encoding readout. Our results suggest that the application of the fine-fine encoding readout leads us to achieve a detecting system with slightly worse spatial resolution but dramatically reduce the number of electronic channels.

A robotic reflective Schmidt telescope for Dome C

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Strassmeier, K. G.; Andersen, M. I.; Steinbach, M.

2004-10-01

This paper lays out a wide-field robotic Schmidt telescope (RST) for the Antarctic site Dome C. The telescope is based on 80/120cm reflective Schmidt optics, built originally for a space project, and a mosaic of four 7.5k×7.5k 8-μm thinned CCDs from the PEPSI/LBT wafer run. The telescope's total field of view (FOV) would be 5o circular (minimum 3o× 3o square) with a plate scale of 0.7 arcsec per pixel. Limiting magnitude is expected to be V=21.5mag in 60 sec for a field of 9 square degrees.

PV Reliability Development Lessons from JPL's Flat Plate Solar Array Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, Ronald G., Jr.

2013-01-01

Key reliability and engineering lessons learned from the 20-year history of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Flat-Plate Solar Array Project and thin film module reliability research activities are presented and analyzed. Particular emphasis is placed on lessons applicable to evolving new module technologies and the organizations involved with these technologies. The user-specific demand for reliability is a strong function of the application, its location, and its expected duration. Lessons relative to effective means of specifying reliability are described, and commonly used test requirements are assessed from the standpoint of which are the most troublesome to pass, and which correlate best with field experience. Module design lessons are also summarized, including the significance of the most frequently encountered failure mechanisms and the role of encapsulate and cell reliability in determining module reliability. Lessons pertaining to research, design, and test approaches include the historical role and usefulness of qualification tests and field tests.

Simultaneous weak measurement of angular and spatial Goos-Hänchen and Imbert-Fedorov shifts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prajapati, Chandravati; Viswanathan, Nirmal K.

2017-10-01

We propose and demonstrate the weak measurement scheme to simultaneously measure the amplified angular and spatial contributions to the Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shifts, due to transmission through a glass plate. We have studied two cases of post-selection using a polarizer in the first case and a quarter-wave plate (QWP)-polarizer combination in the second case. The two cases are analyzed theoretically using Jones calculus of polarization formalism and the results are verified experimentally. In the first case of post-selection, the projection of the polarizer at +/- {{Δ }} away from the crossed position amplifies the angular GH and IF shifts, while in the second case of post-selection, the projection of QWP at +/- {{Δ }} and polarizer kept fixed measures the polarization ellipticity in the beam and thus amplifies the spatial shift along with the angular shift simultaneously, for {{Δ }}\\ll 1.

Proceedings of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project Workshop on Crystal Gowth for High-Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dumas, K. A. (Editor)

1985-01-01

A Workshop on Crystal Growth for High-Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells was held December 3 and 4, 1984, in San Diego, California. The Workshop offered a day and a half of technical presentations and discussions and an afternoon session that involved a panel discussion and general discussion of areas of research that are necessary to the development of materials for high-efficiency solar cells. Topics included the theoretical and experimental aspects of growing high-quality silicon crystals, the effects of growth-process-related defects on photovoltaic devices, and the suitability of various growth technologies as cost-effective processes. Fifteen invited papers were presented, with a discussion period following each presentation. The meeting was organized by the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. These Proceedings are a record of the presentations and discussions, edited for clarity and continuity.

Seismic activity of Tokyo area and Philippine Sea plate under Japanese Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakai, S.; Nakagawa, S.; Nanjo, K.; Kasahara, K.; Panayotopoulos, Y.; Tsuruoka, H.; Kurashimo, E.; Obara, K.; Hirata, N.; Kimura, H.; Honda, R.

2012-12-01

The Japanese government has estimated the probability of earthquake occurrence with magnitude 7-class during the next 30 years as 70 %. This estimation is based on five earthquakes that occurred in this area in the late 120 years. However, it has been revealed that this region is lying on more complicated tectonic condition due to the two subducted plates and the various types of earthquakes which have been caused by. Therefore, it is necessary to classify these earthquakes into inter-plate earthquakes and intra-plate ones. Then, we have been constructing a seismic observation network since 5 years ago. Tokyo Metropolitan area is a densely populated region of about 40 million people. It is the center of Japan both in politics and in economy. So that human activities have been conducting quite busily, this region is unsuitable for seismic observation. Then, we have decided to make an ultra high dense seismic observation network. We named it the Metropolitan Seismometer Observation Network; MeSO-net. MeSO-net consists of 296 seismic stations. Minimum interval is about 2km and average interval is about 5km.We picked the P- and S-wave arrival times manually. We applied double-difference tomography method to the dataset and estimated the velocity structure. We depicted the plate boundaries from the newly developed velocity model. And, we referred to the locations of the repeating earthquakes, the distributions of normal hypocenters and the focal mechanisms. Our plate model became relatively flat and a little shallower than previous one.Seismicity of Metropolitan area after the M9 event was compared to the one before M9 event. The seismic activity is about 4 times as high as before the M9 event occurred. We examined spatial distribution of the activated seismicity with respect to the newly developed plate configuration. The activated events are located on upper boundaries and they have almost thrust type mechanisms. Recently, a slow slip event has occurred on October in 2011. This observation suggests that shear stresses on the plate boundaries have increased due to eastwards movement of the eastern Japan driven by post-seismic slip of the M9.0 Tohoku-oki event. The present study is supported by two Special Projects for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in Tokyo Metropolitan Area and reducing vulnerability for urban mega earthquake disasters from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan.

Tomographie par coherence optique pour le guidage de chirurgies minimalement invasives du rachis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beaudette, Kathy

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a complex 3D deformity of the spine which requires surgical intervention in severe cases of the condition. The existing corrective procedure of scoliosis is very invasive; it involves a long incision and a large instrumentation, in addition to the fusion of a section of the spine. To improve postoperative conditions and to preserve patients' spinal flexibility, novel fusionless surgical approaches involving growth modulation are under investigation. With this objective in mind, a multidisciplinary team from École Polytechnique of Montreal and Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center is developing a surgical technique based on the insertion of micro-staples between vertebral growth plates and corresponding intervertebral disks. Each micro-staple passively modulates the vertebral growth on the convex side of the scoliotic curvature. This modulation modifies vertebral geometry which, for scoliotic patients, presents a wedging deformity. The modulation induced by these devices could lead to the correction of the curvature of the spine. This innovative procedure would preserve the flexibility of the spine as well as the health of intervertebral disks, in addition to being compatible with minimally invasive approaches. However, to be efficient, the micro-staples must be placed at the junction between the growth plate and the disk with a sub-millimeter precision. An intraoperative guiding system is therefore required to ensure the success of the intervention. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising candidate for this application. OCT is based on low-coherence interferometry and provides cross-sectional images with a resolution about 10 μm for a depth of 2 to 3 mm. This technique allows for the real-time acquisition of images and is compatible with endoscopy, thereby showing a potential for the intraoperative guidance of minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) of the spine. The main objective of this master's project is therefore to evaluate the possibility of using OCT to localize as well as identify spinal structures (such as growth plates, osseous tissue, intervertebral disks and connective tissue) and to guide the insertion of micro-staples. To attain this objective, an OCT handheld probe was designed and developed according to the surgical constraints of MIS performed by thoracoscopy (through the thorax). This probe has an external diameter of 17 mm and is 30 cm long. Coupled with a fibered interferometer, the axial and lateral resolutions of the probe are of 16 and 27 μm respectively. The OCT probe was used in vivo during an open surgery on a porcine model. Different tissues within the operative window (lung, muscles, osseous tissues and intervertebral disk) were imaged during the procedure. These preliminary in vivo tests demonstrated that the probe is capable of identifying different types of tissue with a good sensitivity and an adequate penetration depth. These results also showed that a visual inspection of the in vivo OCT images alone is not sufficient to localize the growth plates on the vertebrae. An ex vivo study using porcine vertebrae was therefore performed to identify quantitative markers in order to facilitate the interpretation of in vivo OCT images. OCT images were initially compared to corresponding histological sections. The ensuing results showed that the connective tissue layer presents a band pattern due to the birefringence properties of the collagen-rich tissue. The intervertebral disk was also shown to have a characteristic lamellar structure on OCT images. Lastly, within growth plate and osseous tissue locations, the OCT signal decay is monotonic, but with different attenuation coefficients (different slopes). Relative attenuation coefficients were therefore measured for each tissue (growth plate, osseous tissue, connective tissue and intervertebral disk) on several specimens and were compared. These results showed that growth plates present an average relative attenuation coefficient statistically different from the other tissues. An automatic growth plate segmentation algorithm was then developed and tested. The algorithm was applied to images from an ex vivo specimen of a porcine vertebra and successfully identified most of the growth plate (> 75%) amidst the osseous tissue of the vertebral body and the intervertebral disk. This master's project shows that OCT presents contrast, resolution and penetration depth that are sufficient for the identification of musculoskeletal structures of the spine. It is thus reasonable to believe that, ultimately, OCT could be used for the intraoperative guiding of the insertion of micro-staples during corrective surgeries of scoliosis.

Tidal radii of the globular clusters M 5, M 12, M 13, M 15, M 53, NGC 5053 and NGC 5466 from automated star counts.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lehmann, I.; Scholz, R.-D.

1997-04-01

We present new tidal radii for seven Galactic globular clusters using the method of automated star counts on Schmidt plates of the Tautenburg, Palomar and UK telescopes. The plates were fully scanned with the APM system in Cambridge (UK). Special account was given to a reliable background subtraction and the correction of crowding effects in the central cluster region. For the latter we used a new kind of crowding correction based on a statistical approach to the distribution of stellar images and the luminosity function of the cluster stars in the uncrowded area. The star counts were correlated with surface brightness profiles of different authors to obtain complete projected density profiles of the globular clusters. Fitting an empirical density law (King 1962) we derived the following structural parameters: tidal radius r_t_, core radius r_c_ and concentration parameter c. In the cases of NGC 5466, M 5, M 12, M 13 and M 15 we found an indication for a tidal tail around these objects (cf. Grillmair et al. 1995).

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Tidal radii of 7 globular clusters (Lehmann+ 1997)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lehmann, I.; Scholz, R.-D.

1998-02-01

We present new tidal radii for seven Galactic globular clusters using the method of automated star counts on Schmidt plates of the Tautenburg, Palomar and UK telescopes. The plates were fully scanned with the APM system in Cambridge (UK). Special account was given to a reliable background subtraction and the correction of crowding effects in the central cluster region. For the latter we used a new kind of crowding correction based on a statistical approach to the distribution of stellar images and the luminosity function of the cluster stars in the uncrowded area. The star counts were correlated with surface brightness profiles of different authors to obtain complete projected density profiles of the globular clusters. Fitting an empirical density law (King 1962AJ.....67..471K) we derived the following structural parameters: tidal radius rt, core radius rc and concentration parameter c. In the cases of NGC 5466, M 5, M 12, M 13 and M 15 we found an indication for a tidal tail around these objects (cf. Grillmair et al., 1995AJ....109.2553G). (1 data file).

Investigations at berkeley on fracture flow in rocks: From the parallel plate model to chaotic systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Witherspoon, Paul A.

This is a review of research at Berkeley over the past 35 years on characterization of fractured rocks and their hydrologic behavior when subjected to perturbations of various kinds. The parallel plate concept was useful as a first approach, but researchers have found that it has limitations when used to examine rough fractures and understand effects of aperture distributions on heterogeneous flow paths, especially when the fracture is deformed under stress. Results of investigations have been applied to fractured and faulted geothermal systems, where the inherent, nonisothermal conditions produce a different kind of perturbation. In 1977, the Stripa project in Sweden provided an unusual underground laboratory excavated in granite where new methods of investigating fractured rock were developed. New theoretical studies have been carried out on the fundamental role of heterogeneous flow paths in controlling fluid migration in fractured rocks. A major field study is now underway at the Yucca Mountain Project in Nevada, where a site for a radioactive waste repository may be constructed. The main effort has been to characterize the rock mass (fractured tuff) in sufficient detail so that a site scale model can be constructed and used to simulate operation of the repository. A new and entirely different problem has been identified through infiltration tests in the fractured basalt layers of the Eastern Snake River Plane in Idaho. Water flow through the unusual heterogeneities of these layers is so erratic that a model based on a hierarchy of scales is being investigated.

384 hanging drop arrays give excellent Z-factors and allow versatile formation of co-culture spheroids.

PubMed

Hsiao, Amy Y; Tung, Yi-Chung; Qu, Xianggui; Patel, Lalit R; Pienta, Kenneth J; Takayama, Shuichi

2012-05-01

We previously reported the development of a simple, user-friendly, and versatile 384 hanging drop array plate for 3D spheroid culture and the importance of utilizing 3D cellular models in anti-cancer drug sensitivity testing. The 384 hanging drop array plate allows for high-throughput capabilities and offers significant improvements over existing 3D spheroid culture methods. To allow for practical 3D cell-based high-throughput screening and enable broader use of the plate, we characterize the robustness of the 384 hanging drop array plate in terms of assay performance and demonstrate the versatility of the plate. We find that the 384 hanging drop array plate performance is robust in fluorescence- and colorimetric-based assays through Z-factor calculations. Finally, we demonstrate different plate capabilities and applications, including: spheroid transfer and retrieval for Janus spheroid formation, sequential addition of cells for concentric layer patterning of different cell types, and culture of a wide variety of cell types. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

384 Hanging Drop Arrays Give Excellent Z-factors and Allow Versatile Formation of Co-culture Spheroids

PubMed Central

Hsiao, Amy Y.; Tung, Yi-Chung; Qu, Xianggui; Patel, Lalit R.; Pienta, Kenneth J.; Takayama, Shuichi

2012-01-01

We previously reported the development of a simple, user-friendly, and versatile 384 hanging drop array plate for 3D spheroid culture and the importance of utilizing 3D cellular models in anti-cancer drug sensitivity testing. The 384 hanging drop array plate allows for high-throughput capabilities and offers significant improvements over existing 3D spheroid culture methods. To allow for practical 3D cell-based high-throughput screening and enable broader use of the plate, we characterize the robustness of the 384 hanging drop array plate in terms of assay performance and demonstrate the versatility of the plate. We find that the 384 hanging drop array plate performance is robust in fluorescence- and colorimetric-based assays through z-factor calculations. Finally, we demonstrate different plate capabilities and applications, including: spheroid transfer and retrieval for Janus spheroid formation, sequential addition of cells for concentric layer patterning of different cell types, and culture of a wide variety of cell types. PMID:22161651

Regional distribution of volcaniclastic layer and its implication for segmentation of the Nankai seismogenic zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sasaki, T.; Lim, J.; Higashi, M.; Park, J.

2010-12-01

The Nankai Trough is known as one of the best-suited convergent plate margins for studying accretionary prism growth as well as subduction zone earthquakes. Along the Nankai accretionary margin off southwest Japan, the Shikoku Basin which formed 26-15 Ma as backarc spreading in the Philippine Sea Plate is being subducted about 4 cm/year to the northwest. The Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) penetrated the Nankai accretionary prism and the incoming sedimentary section along the Ashizuri and Muroto transects, off Shikoku Island. Also, Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), which represented just one part of a multi-stage project known as the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) has been conducting drilling cruises now. IODP Expedition 322 in 2009, the coring was carried out at two drilling sites on the northern part of the Shikoku Basin in the subducting Philippine Sea plate. One of the major achievements of Expedition 322 is a discovery of late Miocene (10.2-7.6 Ma) tuffaceous and volcaniclastic sandstone layer (Underwood et al., IODP Prel. Rept. 322, 2009) that has not been previously recognized in the Nankai Trough. Based on age and volcanic sand content analysis, these volcaniclastic layers were unique to the Shikoku Basin off Kii Peninsula. The closest source of this volcanic layer was supposed to be the Izu-Bonin arc. Subducted sediments ultimately affect subduction zone geochemistry, thermal structure, and seismogenesis. High porosity of the volcaniclastic sandstone layer suggests the transportation of fluid to the subduction zone, it might affect the initiation and evolution of the decollement zone or plate boundary fault in the Nankai Trough. We interpreted single channel and multichannel seismic reflection profiles that have been acquired in the Nankai Trough margin by Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) since the year of 1997. We tried to map the major seismic layers such as volcaniclastic layer, volcanic ash layer and turbidite layers which were found at drilling sites in the IODP Expedition 322 in the northern Shikoku Basin. As a result, we recognized that these prominent seismic layers are widely distributed in the northern Shikoku Basin. In this talk, we will show specific seismic layers directly connecting to the decollement at the Nankai Trough axis, and discuss its implications for subduction processes in the Nankai Trough margin.

Mega-thrust and Intra-slab Earthquakes Beneath Tokyo Metropolitan Area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hirata, N.; Sato, H.; Koketsu, K.; Hagiwara, H.; Wu, F.; Okaya, D.; Iwasaki, T.; Kasahara, K.

2006-12-01

In central Japan the Philippine Sea plate (PSP) subducts beneath the Tokyo Metropolitan area, the Kanto region, where it causes mega-thrust earthquakes, such as the 1703 Genroku earthquake (M8.0) and the 1923 Kanto earthquake (M7.9) which had 105,000 fatalities. The vertical proximity of this down going lithospheric plate is of concern because the greater Tokyo urban region has a population of 42 million and is the center of approximately 40% of the nation's economic activities. A M7+ earthquake in this region at present has high potential to produce devastating loss of life and property with even greater global economic repercussions. The M7+ earthquake is evaluated to occur with a probability of 70% in 30 years by the Earthquake Research Committee of Japan. In 2002, a consortium of universities and government agencies in Japan started the Special Project for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in Urban Areas, a project to improve information needed for seismic hazards analyses of the largest urban centers. Assessment in Kanto of the seismic hazard produced by the Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) mega-thrust earthquakes requires identification of all significant faults and possible earthquake scenarios and rupture behavior, regional characterizations of PSP geometry and the overlying Honshu arc physical properties (e.g., seismic wave velocities, densities, attenuation), and local near-surface seism ic site effects. Our study addresses (1) improved regional characterization of the PSP geometry based on new deep seismic reflection profiles (Sato etal.,2005), reprocessed off-shore profiles (Kimura et al.,2005), and a dense seismic array in the Boso peninsular (Hagiwara et al., 2006) and (2) identification of asperities of the mega-thrust at the top of the PSP. We qualitatively examine the relationship between seismic reflections and asperities inferred by reflection physical properties. We also discuss the relation between deformation of PSP and intra-slab M7+ earthquakes: the PSP is subducting beneath the Hoshu arc and also colliding with the Pacific plate. The subduction and collision both contribute active seismicity in the Kanto region. We present a high resolution tomographic image to show a low velocity zone which suggests a possible internal failure of the slab; a source region of the M7+ intra-slab earthquake. Our study contributes a new assessment of the seismic hazard in the Tokyo metropolitan area. tokyo.ac.jp/daidai/index-J.html

Evaluation of participants' perception and taste thresholds with a zirconia palatal plate.

PubMed

Wada, Takeshi; Takano, Tomofumi; Tasaka, Akinori; Ueda, Takayuki; Sakurai, Kaoru

2016-10-01

Zirconia and cobalt-chromium can withstand a similar degree of loading. Therefore, using a zirconia base for removable dentures could allow the thickness of the palatal area to be reduced similarly to metal base dentures. We hypothesized that zirconia palatal plate for removable dentures provides a high level of participants' perception without influencing taste thresholds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the participants' perception and taste thresholds of zirconia palatal plate. Palatal plates fabricated using acrylic resin, zirconia, and cobalt-chromium alloy were inserted into healthy individuals. Taste thresholds were investigated using the whole-mouth gustatory test, and participants' perception was evaluated using the 100-mm visual analog scale to assess the ease of pronunciation, ease of swallowing, sensation of temperature, metallic taste, sensation of foreign body, subjective sensory about weight, adhesiveness of chewing gum, and general satisfaction. For the taste thresholds, no significant differences were noted in sweet, salty, sour, bitter, or umami tastes among participants wearing no plate, or the resin, zirconia, and metal plates. Speech was easier and foreign body sensation was lower with the zirconia plate than with the resin plate. Evaluation of the adhesiveness of chewing gum showed that chewing gum does not readily adhere to the zirconia plate in comparison with the metal plate. The comprehensive participants' perception of the zirconia plate was evaluated as being superior to the resin plate. A zirconia palatal plate provides a high level of participants' perception without influencing taste thresholds. Copyright © 2016 Japan Prosthodontic Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Summary of IODP Expedition 344, CRISP-A2, offshore the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harris, R. N.; Sakaguchi, A.; Petronotis, K. E.

2013-12-01

The Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project (CRISP) is designed to elucidate the processes that control nucleation and seismic rupture of large earthquakes at erosional subduction zones. The CRISP study area is located offshore the Osa Peninsula where the incoming Cocos Ridge has lifted the seismogenic zone to within reach of scientific drilling. The incoming plate is characterized by low sediment supply, a fast convergence rate, abundant plate interface seismicity, and a change in subducting plate relief along strike. In addition to elucidating processes at erosional convergent margins, this project is complementary to other IODP deep fault drilling projects (e.g., NanTroSEIZE and J-FAST). Expedition 344 (23 October - 11 December, 2012) is the second expedition of CRISP Program A (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Proposal 537A-Full5) that focused on the shallow lithologic, hydrologic, stress, and thermal conditions that lead to unstable slip in the seismogenic zone. With the exception of not reaching the décollement and the underthrust sediment at the toe site (U1412), Expedition 344 exceeded expectations. Material was recovered from the incoming Cocos plate (Sites U1381 and U1414), the toe of the margin (Site U1412), the mid-slope region (Site U1380), and the upper-slope region (Site U1413). Input sites U1381 and U1414 are characterized by anomalously high heat flow and the flow of fluids. These sites contained abundant ash that will be used to assess the impact of Cocos Ridge subduction on the evolution of the Central American volcanic arc. Although toe Site U1412 did not cross the décollement we did penetrate terrigenous sediments interrupted by a Miocene ooze that may reflect accretion of a frontal prism sliver. Mid-slope Site U1380 yielded a major result in that the upper plate material is not a mélange of oceanic material or the offshore extension of the Caribbean large igneous complex, but forearc basin material consisting of lithic sedimentary units. Upper-slope Site U1413 consists of a terrestrially sourced upper slope sequence consistent with high sediment accumulation rates. Preliminary biostratigraphic and paleomagnetic ages from Sites U1380 and U1413, the midslope and upper slope, respectively, yield sediment accumulation rates between ~290 and 590 m/m.y., an order of magnitude greater than estimated offshore the Nicoya Peninsula.

Orthotic devices using lightweight composite materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harrison, E., Jr.

1983-01-01

Potential applications of high strength, lightweight composite technology in the orthotic field were studied. Several devices were designed and fabricated using graphite-epoxy composite technology. Devices included shoe plates, assistive walker devices, and a Simes prosthesis reinforcement. Several other projects having medical application were investigated and evaluations were made of the potential for use of composite technology. A seat assembly was fabricated using sandwich construction techniques for the Total Wheelchair Project.

Piecewise-Constant-Model-Based Interior Tomography Applied to Dentin Tubules

DOE PAGES

He, Peng; Wei, Biao; Wang, Steve; ...

2013-01-01

Dentin is a hierarchically structured biomineralized composite material, and dentin’s tubules are difficult to study in situ. Nano-CT provides the requisite resolution, but the field of view typically contains only a few tubules. Using a plate-like specimen allows reconstruction of a volume containing specific tubules from a number of truncated projections typically collected over an angular range of about 140°, which is practically accessible. Classical computed tomography (CT) theory cannot exactly reconstruct an object only from truncated projections, needless to say a limited angular range. Recently, interior tomography was developed to reconstruct a region-of-interest (ROI) from truncated data in amore » theoretically exact fashion via the total variation (TV) minimization under the condition that the ROI is piecewise constant. In this paper, we employ a TV minimization interior tomography algorithm to reconstruct interior microstructures in dentin from truncated projections over a limited angular range. Compared to the filtered backprojection (FBP) reconstruction, our reconstruction method reduces noise and suppresses artifacts. Volume rendering confirms the merits of our method in terms of preserving the interior microstructure of the dentin specimen.« less

A calibration mechanism based on worm drive for space telescope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chong, Yaqin; Li, Chuang; Xia, Siyu; Zhong, Peifeng; Lei, Wang

2017-08-01

In this paper, a new type of calibration mechanism based on worm drive is presented for a space telescope. This calibration mechanism based on worm drive has the advantages of compact size and self-lock. The mechanism mainly consists of thirty-six LEDs as the light source for flat calibration, a diffuse plate, a step motor, a worm gear reducer and a potentiometer. As the main part of the diffuse plate, a PTFE tablet is mounted in an aluminum alloy frame. The frame is fixed on the shaft of the worm gear, which is driven by the step motor through the worm. The shaft of the potentiometer is connected to that of the worm gear to measure the rotation angle of the diffuse plate through a flexible coupler. Firstly, the calibration mechanism is designed, which includes the LEDs assembly design, the worm gear reducer design and the diffuse plate assembly design. The counterweight blocks and two end stops are also designed for the diffuse plate assembly. Then a modal analysis with finite element method for the diffuse plate assembly is completed.

Earthquake Risk Mitigation in the Tokyo Metropolitan area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hirata, N.; Sakai, S.; Kasahara, K.; Nakagawa, S.; Nanjo, K.; Panayotopoulos, Y.; Tsuruoka, H.

2010-12-01

Seismic disaster risk mitigation in urban areas constitutes a challenge through collaboration of scientific, engineering, and social-science fields. Examples of collaborative efforts include research on detailed plate structure with identification of all significant faults, developing dense seismic networks; strong ground motion prediction, which uses information on near-surface seismic site effects and fault models; earthquake resistant and proof structures; and cross-discipline infrastructure for effective risk mitigation just after catastrophic events. Risk mitigation strategy for the next greater earthquake caused by the Philippine Sea plate (PSP) subducting beneath the Tokyo metropolitan area is of major concern because it caused past mega-thrust earthquakes, such as the 1703 Genroku earthquake (magnitude M8.0) and the 1923 Kanto earthquake (M7.9) which had 105,000 fatalities. A M7 or greater (M7+) earthquake in this area at present has high potential to produce devastating loss of life and property with even greater global economic repercussions. The Central Disaster Management Council of Japan estimates that the M7+ earthquake will cause 11,000 fatalities and 112 trillion yen (about 1 trillion US$) economic loss. This earthquake is evaluated to occur with a probability of 70% in 30 years by the Earthquake Research Committee of Japan. In order to mitigate disaster for greater Tokyo, the Special Project for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area (2007-2011) was launched in collaboration with scientists, engineers, and social-scientists in nationwide institutions. The results that are obtained in the respective fields will be integrated until project termination to improve information on the strategy assessment for seismic risk mitigation in the Tokyo metropolitan area. In this talk, we give an outline of our project as an example of collaborative research on earthquake risk mitigation. Discussion is extended to our effort in progress and scientific results obtained so far at the Earthquake Research Institute (ERI). ERI hosts the scientific part focusing on characterization of the plate structure and source faults in and around the Tokyo metropolitan area. One of the topics is ongoing deployment of seismic stations that constitute the Metropolitan Seismic Observation network (MeSO-net). We have deployed 226 stations with a 2-5 km interval in space. Based on seismic data obtained from the MeSO-net, we aim to reveal the detailed geometry of the subducting PSP.

A new database on subduction seismicity at the global scale

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Presti, D.; Heuret, A.; Funiciello, F.; Piromallo, C.

2012-04-01

In the framework of the EURYI Project 'Convergent margins and seismogenesis: defining the risk of great earthquakes by using statistical data and modelling', a global collection of recent intraslab seismicity has been performed. Based on EHB hypocenter and CMT Harvard catalogues, the hypocenters, nodal planes and seismic moments of worldwide subduction-related earthquakes were extracted for the period 1976 - 2007. Data were collected for centroid depths between sea level and 700 km and for magnitude Mw ≥ 5.5. For each subduction zone, a set of trench-normal transects were constructed choosing a 120km width of the cross-section on each side of a vertical plane and a spacing of 1 degree along the trench. For each of the 505 resulting transects, the whole subduction seismogenic zone was mapped as focal mechanisms projected on to a vertical plane after their faulting type classification according to the Aki-Richards convention. Transect by transect, fist the seismicity that can be considered not related to the subduction process under investigation was removed, then was selected the upper plate seismicity (i.e. earthquakes generated within the upper plate as a result of the subduction process). After deletion from the so obtained event subset of the interplate seismicity as identified in the framework of this project by Heuret et al. (2011), we can be reasonably confident that the remaining seismicity can be related to the subducting plate. Among these earthquakes we then selected the intermediate and deep depth seismicity. The upper limit of the intermediate depth seismicity is generally fixed at 70 km depth in order to avoid possible mixing with interplate seismicity. The ranking of intermediate depth and deep seismicity was in most of cases referred to earthquakes with focal depth between 70-300 km and with depth exceeding 300 km, respectively. Outer-rise seismicity was also selected. Following Heuret et al. (2011), the 505 transects were merged into 62 larger segments that were ideally homogeneous in terms of their seismogenic zone characteristics. Comparisons between main seismic parameters (e.g. cumulated seismic moment, P- and T-axes distributions, spatial and temporal distribution of largest magnitudes) with relation to both the different categories selected and the different segments have been performed in order to obtain a snapshot on the general behaviour of global subduction-related seismicity.

Beaver Brook, Keene, New Hampshire. Flood Damage Reduction Project. Detailed Project Report for Water Resources Development.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-02-01

Project Report/ Environmental Assessment Beaver Brook, Keene, New Hampshire I ~ j~j~i iii ii.. A Flood Damage Reduction AD-A 14 3 376 I 𔃾, W " FEBRUARY...STATEMENT (of tme abestwee enteed to Sleok I0. Of dlfieme W booer IS. SUPPLEMENTARY MOTES 2 volume set: vol 1- Flood Damage Reduction - vol 2- Flood Damage...that are considered reasonably characteristic of the region, excluding extremely rare combinations. 2 ,4INN (0 ( w a 12 7’ PLATE * -..- ~ -- - 7 ’ k 47

Floating nut retention system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Charles, J. F.; Theakston, H. A. (Inventor)

1980-01-01

A floating nut retention system includes a nut with a central aperture. An inner retainer plate has an opening which is fixedly aligned with the nut aperture. An outer retainer member is formed of a base plate having an opening and a surface adjacent to a surface of the inner retainer plate. The outer retainer member includes a securing mechanism for retaining the inner retainer plate adjacent to the outer retainer member. The securing mechanism enables the inner retainer plate to float with respect to the outer retainer number, while simultaneously forming a bearing surface for inner retainer plate.

The surface and through crack problems in layered orthotropic plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Erdogan, Fazil; Wu, Binghua

1991-01-01

An analytical method is developed for a relatively accurate calculation of Stress Intensity Factors in a laminated orthotropic plate containing a through or part-through crack. The laminated plate is assumed to be under bending or membrane loading and the mode 1 problem is considered. First three transverse shear deformation plate theories (Mindlin's displacement based first-order theory, Reissner's stress-based first-order theory, and a simple-higher order theory due to Reddy) are reviewed and examined for homogeneous, laminated and heterogeneous orthotropic plates. Based on a general linear laminated plate theory, a method by which the stress intensity factors can be obtained in orthotropic laminated and heterogeneous plates with a through crack is developed. Examples are given for both symmetrically and unsymmetrically laminated plates and the effects of various material properties on the stress intensity factors are studied. In order to implement the line-spring model which is used later to study the surface crack problem, the corresponding plane elasticity problem of a two-bonded orthotropic plated containing a crack perpendicular to the interface is also considered. Three different crack profiles: an internal crack, an edge crack, and a crack terminating at the interface are considered. The effect of the different material combinations, geometries, and material orthotropy on the stress intensity factors and on the power of stress singularity for a crack terminating at the interface is fully examined. The Line Spring model of Rice and Levy is used for the part-through crack problem. The surface crack is assumed to lie in one of the two-layered laminated orthotropic plates due to the limitation of the available plane strain results. All problems considered are of the mixed boundary value type and are reduced to Cauchy type of singular integral equations which are then solved numerically.

Tectonics and Relative Plate Motions Around the Andaman Sea and Sumatra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eguchi, T.; Murakoshi, T.

2005-12-01

There are several R-F-R models of the active back-arc opening system in the Andaman Sea proposed by authors, e.g., Curray et al. (1978), Eguchi et al. (1979), Eguchi (1991), Mantovani et al. (2001) and Nielsen et al. (2004). Most of the previous authors, except Eguchi et al. (1978) and Eguchi (1991), documented NW-SE or NNW-SSE striking relative plate motion at the Central Andaman Rift. Recent multi-beam bathymetry study by GEODYSSEA Project group confirmed the detailed configuration of the ENE-WSW striking Central Andaman Rift and adjacent transcurrent faults. All of data from the marine survey and recent shallow earthquakes as well as their strike-slip type focal mechanisms along the N-S striking fault segment at 95.2E from 11N to 12.5N support the approximate N-S opening at the adjacent Central Andaman Rift. The magnetic anomaly survey data of Curray et al. (1978) suggest that, in the case of N-S opening, the rate becomes 4.0 cm/y, although Curray et al. (1978) proposed the total rate of 3.7 cm/y in the case of NNW-SSE opening. We then studied the realistic geometry of plate boundaries from Sumatra through the Andaman sea including the Central Andaman Rift to Myanmar, using recent seismological data and GPS studies. As is important, the Sundaland is not part of the Eurasia plate as revealed by recent GPS surveys. Furthermore, based on data of GPS velocity vectors w.r.t. Eurasia plate (e.g., Pradirodirdjo et al., 1997; Michel et. al., 2001), we can recognize some differential motion within the NW-SE striking fore-arc block, which is bounded by the Sumatra transcurrent fault and Java trench. The GPS data indicate 'differential motion' in both the trench-parallel and trench-normal directions within the NW-SE striking fore-arc block. We must resolve whether such kind differential movement within the fore-arc block is steady or not, to investigate the detailed spatio-temporal nature of dynamic coupling at the subduction zones with intermittent activity of larger interplate seismic events. We have constrained 'plate motion polygons' at selected points by modifying the result of Eguchi (1991). For example, by assuming the NUVEL 1 model and introducing the shear faulting with the averaged rate of 2.6 cm/y along the Sumatra fault system, we obtained the ENE-WSW plate convergence with the rate of 1.2 cm/y at 12N and the convergence of 3.0 +- 0.3 cm/y at 5N, between the Indo-Australia plate and the fore-arc block at the western Java trench subduction zone. We, however, cannot constrain the instantaneous rotation vectors of the relative plate motions, mainly because of limited observation data.

"Alien Health Game": An Embodied Exergame to Instruct in Nutrition and MyPlate.

PubMed

Johnson-Glenberg, Mina C; Hekler, Eric B

2013-12-01

A feasibility study was run on an immersive, embodied exergame ("Alien Health Game") designed to teach 4th-12th-grade students about nutrition and several U.S. Department of Agriculture MyPlate guidelines. This study assessed acceptability and limited efficacy. Students learned about the amount of nutrients and optimizers in common food items and practiced making rapid food choices while engaging in short cardiovascular activities. Nineteen 4th graders played a "mixed reality" game that included both digital components (projected graphics on the floor) and tangible, physical components (hand-held motion-tracking wands). Players made food choices and experienced immediate feedback on how each item affected the Alien avatar's alertness/health state. One member of the playing dyad had to run short distances to make the game work. The final level included a digital projection of the MyPlate icon, and each food item filled the appropriate quadrant dynamically. All students remained engaged with the game after approximately 1 hour of play. Significant learning gains were seen on a pretest and posttest that assessed nutrition knowledge (paired t18=4.13, P<0.001). In addition, significant learning gains were also seen in knowledge regarding MyPlate (paired t18=3.29, P<0.004). Results suggest preliminary feasibility via demonstrated acceptability and improved within-group content knowledge. Future research should explore improved measures of knowledge gains, alternative mechanisms for supporting the game mechanics to increase the scalability of the system (i.e., via Kinect(®) [Microsoft(®), Redmond, WA] sensors), and the formal evaluation of the system via a randomized controlled trial.

A New Omni-Directional EMAT for Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Tomography Imaging of Metallic Plate Defects

PubMed Central

Huang, Songling; Wei, Zheng; Zhao, Wei; Wang, Shen

2014-01-01

This paper proposes a new omni-directional electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for the ultrasonic Lamb wave (ULW) tomography imaging (TI) of defects in metallic plates. The proposed EMAT is composed of a permanent magnet and a coil with a contra-flexure structure. This new EMAT coil structure is used for omni-directional ULW transmission and reception and ULW TI for the first time. The theoretical background and the working principles of this EMAT are presented and analyzed. The experimental results of its use on a 3 mm thick aluminum plate indicate that the EMAT with a contra-flexure coil (CFC) can transmit and receive a pure single A0 mode ULW with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Thus, the extraction of the projection data used for ULW TI may be performed accurately. The circumferential consistency of the projection data is only slightly influenced by the distortion of the eddy current field that is induced by the new CFC with an irregular shape. When the new EMAT array is used for ULW TI using the cross-hole method and SIRT arithmetic, a desirable imaging quality can be achieved, and the estimated size of an artificial corrosion defect agreed well with its actual value. The relation between the reconstruction resolution and the number of the new EMATs used is analyzed. More TI experiments are carried out when the aluminum plate defect is in two different locations relative to the EMAT array, for the further investigation of the performances of the new EMATs. PMID:24561398

Chinese License Plates Recognition Method Based on A Robust and Efficient Feature Extraction and BPNN Algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Ming; Xie, Fei; Zhao, Jing; Sun, Rui; Zhang, Lei; Zhang, Yue

2018-04-01

The prosperity of license plate recognition technology has made great contribution to the development of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). In this paper, a robust and efficient license plate recognition method is proposed which is based on a combined feature extraction model and BPNN (Back Propagation Neural Network) algorithm. Firstly, the candidate region of the license plate detection and segmentation method is developed. Secondly, a new feature extraction model is designed considering three sets of features combination. Thirdly, the license plates classification and recognition method using the combined feature model and BPNN algorithm is presented. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the license plate segmentation and recognition both can be achieved effectively by the proposed algorithm. Compared with three traditional methods, the recognition accuracy of the proposed method has increased to 95.7% and the consuming time has decreased to 51.4ms.

Boundary-Layer Stability Analysis of the Mean Flows Obtained Using Unstructured Grids

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liao, Wei; Malik, Mujeeb R.; Lee-Rausch, Elizabeth M.; Li, Fei; Nielsen, Eric J.; Buning, Pieter G.; Chang, Chau-Lyan; Choudhari, Meelan M.

2012-01-01

Boundary-layer stability analyses of mean flows extracted from unstructured-grid Navier- Stokes solutions have been performed. A procedure has been developed to extract mean flow profiles from the FUN3D unstructured-grid solutions. Extensive code-to-code validations have been performed by comparing the extracted mean ows as well as the corresponding stability characteristics to the predictions based on structured-grid solutions. Comparisons are made on a range of problems from a simple at plate to a full aircraft configuration-a modified Gulfstream-III with a natural laminar flow glove. The future aim of the project is to extend the adjoint-based design capability in FUN3D to include natural laminar flow and laminar flow control by integrating it with boundary-layer stability analysis codes, such as LASTRAC.

An Introduction to Photomicrography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Judson, Peter

1979-01-01

Described are various methods for producing black and white photographs of microscope slides using single lens reflex, fixed lens, and plate cameras. Procedures for illumination, film processing, mounting, and projection are also discussed. A table of comparative film speeds is included. (CS)

Proceedings of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project Workshop on Low-Cost Polysilicon for Terrestrial Photovoltaic Solar-Cell Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

Sessions conducted included: polysilicon material requirements; economics; process development in the U.S.; international process development; and polysilicon market and forecasts. Twenty-one papers were presented and discussed.

A Novel technique for stiffening steel structures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-03-01

The goal of this project was to identify the feasibility of using low-modulus pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) sections to stiffen thin-walled steel plates and to assess the improvement in strength resulting from employing the propped...

The Importance of Lower Mantle Structure to Plate Stresses and Plate Motions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holt, W. E.; Wang, X.; Ghosh, A.

2016-12-01

Plate motions and plate stresses are widely assumed as the surface expression of mantle convection. The generation of plate tectonics from mantle convection has been studied for many years. Lithospheric thickening (or ridge push) and slab pull forces are commonly accepted as the major driving forces for the plate motions. However, the importance of the lower mantle to plate stresses and plate motions remains less clear. Here, we use the joint modeling of lithosphere and mantle dynamics approach of Wang et al. (2015) to compute the tractions originating from deeper mantle convection and follow the method of Ghosh et al. (2013) to calculate gravitational potential energy per unit area (GPE) based on Crust 1.0 (Laske et al., 2013). Absolute values of deviatoric stresses are determined by the body force distributions (GPE gradients and traction magnitudes applied at the base of the lithosphere). We use the same relative viscosity model that Ghosh et al. (2013) used, and we solve for one single adjustable scaling factor that multiplies the entire relative viscosity field to provide absolute values of viscosity throughout the lithosphere. This distribution of absolute values of lithosphere viscosities defines the magnitudes of surface motions. In this procedure, the dynamic model first satisfies the internal constraint of no-net-rotation of motions. The model viscosity field is then scaled by the single factor until we achieve a root mean square (RMS) minimum between computed surface motions and the kinematic no-net-rotation (NNR) model of Kreemer et al. (2006). We compute plate stresses and plate motions from recently published global tomography models (over 70 based on Wang et al., 2015). We find that RMS misfits are significantly reduced when details of lower mantle structure from the latest tomography models are added to models that contain only upper and mid-mantle density distributions. One of the key reasons is that active upwelling from the Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces (LLSVPs) in the lower mantle in Pacific (Frost and Rost, 2014) provides important components of mantle flow affecting plate stresses and motions. We demonstrate in this paper how lower mantle density heterogeneity has a marked influence on plate stresses and plate motions.

Investigation of the sound generation mechanisms for in-duct orifice plates.

PubMed

Tao, Fuyang; Joseph, Phillip; Zhang, Xin; Stalnov, Oksana; Siercke, Matthias; Scheel, Henning

2017-08-01

Sound generation due to an orifice plate in a hard-walled flow duct which is commonly used in air distribution systems (ADS) and flow meters is investigated. The aim is to provide an understanding of this noise generation mechanism based on measurements of the source pressure distribution over the orifice plate. A simple model based on Curle's acoustic analogy is described that relates the broadband in-duct sound field to the surface pressure cross spectrum on both sides of the orifice plate. This work describes careful measurements of the surface pressure cross spectrum over the orifice plate from which the surface pressure distribution and correlation length is deduced. This information is then used to predict the radiated in-duct sound field. Agreement within 3 dB between the predicted and directly measured sound fields is obtained, providing direct confirmation that the surface pressure fluctuations acting over the orifice plates are the main noise sources. Based on the developed model, the contributions to the sound field from different radial locations of the orifice plate are calculated. The surface pressure is shown to follow a U 3.9 velocity scaling law and the area over which the surface sources are correlated follows a U 1.8 velocity scaling law.

In vitro regulation of proliferation and differentiation within a postnatal growth plate of the cranial base by parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP).

PubMed

Wealthall, Rosamund J

2009-06-01

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is known to be an important regulator of chondrocyte differentiation in embryonic growth plates, but little is known of its role in postnatal growth plates. The present study explores the role of PTHrP in regulating postnatal chondrocyte differentiation using a novel in vitro organ culture model based on the ethmoidal growth plate of the cranial base taken from the postnatal day 10 mouse. In vitro the ethmoidal growth plate continued to mineralize and the chondrocytes progressed to hypertrophy, as observed in vivo, but the proliferative zone was not maintained. Treatment with PTHrP inhibited mineralization and reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the hypertrophic zone in the ethmoidal growth plates grown ex vivo, and also increased the proliferation of non-hypertrophic chondrocytes. In addition, exogenous PTHrP reduced the expression of genes associated with terminal differentiation: type X collagen, Runx2, and ALP, as well as the PTH/PTHrP receptor (PPR). Activation of the protein kinase A pathway using 8-Br-cAMP mimicked some of these pro-proliferative/anti-differentiative effects of PTHrP. PTHrP and PPR were found to be expressed within the ethmoidal growth plate using semi-quantitative PCR, and in other cranial growth plates such as the spheno-occipital and pre-sphenoidal synchondroses. These results provide the first functional evidence that PTHrP regulates proliferation and differentiation within the postnatal, cranial growth plate. J. Cell. Physiol. 219: 688-697, 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Guidelines and Recommendations on the Use of Higher Order Finite Elements for Bending Analysis of Plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carrera, E.; Miglioretti, F.; Petrolo, M.

2011-11-01

This paper compares and evaluates various plate finite elements to analyse the static response of thick and thin plates subjected to different loading and boundary conditions. Plate elements are based on different assumptions for the displacement distribution along the thickness direction. Classical (Kirchhoff and Reissner-Mindlin), refined (Reddy and Kant), and other higher-order displacement fields are implemented up to fourth-order expansion. The Unified Formulation UF by the first author is used to derive finite element matrices in terms of fundamental nuclei which consist of 3×3 arrays. The MITC4 shear-locking free type formulation is used for the FE approximation. Accuracy of a given plate element is established in terms of the error vs. thickness-to-length parameter. A significant number of finite elements for plates are implemented and compared using displacement and stress variables for various plate problems. Reduced models that are able to detect the 3D solution are built and a Best Plate Diagram (BPD) is introduced to give guidelines for the construction of plate theories based on a given accuracy and number of terms. It is concluded that the UF is a valuable tool to establish, for a given plate problem, the most accurate FE able to furnish results within a certain accuracy range. This allows us to obtain guidelines and recommendations in building refined elements in the bending analysis of plates for various geometries, loadings, and boundary conditions.

Lead-acid battery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, Dean B. (Inventor); Rippel, Wally E. (Inventor)

1986-01-01

A sealed, low maintenance battery (10, 100) is formed of a casing (14, 102) having a sealed lid (12, 104) enclosing cell compartments (22, 110) formed by walls (24, 132). The cells comprise a stack (26) of horizontally disposed negative active plates (30) and positive active plates (28) interspersed with porous, resilient separator sheets (30). Each plate has a set of evenly spaced tigs (40, 41) disposed on one side thereof; like polarity tigs being disposed on one side and opposite polarity tigs on the other. Columns of tigs are electrically and mechanically joined by vertical bus bars (46). The bus bars contain outwardly projecting arms (56) of opposite polarity which are electrically joined at each partition wall (24) to electrically connect the cells in series. The stack is compressed by biasing means such as resilient pad (58) attached to the lid or by joining the tigs (52) to the post (48) at a distance less than the thickness of the mat (124). The end bus bars (46) are joined to straps (60, 62) which connect to the terminals (16, 18). The negative plates contain more capacity than the positive plates and the starved electrolyte imbibed in the separator sheets permits pressurized operation during which oxygen diffuses through the separator sheet to the negative plate where it recombines. Excess pressure is relieved through the vent and pressure relief valve (20).

Surface engineering of low enriched uranium-molybdenum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leenaers, A.; Van den Berghe, S.; Detavernier, C.

2013-09-01

Recent attempts to qualify the LEU(Mo) dispersion plate fuel with Si addition to the Al matrix up to high power and burn-up have not yet been successful due to unacceptable fuel plate swelling at a local burn-up above 60% 235U. The root cause of the failures is clearly related directly to the formation of the U(Mo)-Al(Si) interaction layer. Excessive formation of these layers around the fuel kernels severely weakens the local mechanical integrity and eventually leads to pillowing of the plate. In 2008, SCK·CEN has launched the SELENIUM U(Mo) dispersion fuel development project in an attempt to find an alternative way to reduce the interaction between U(Mo) fuel kernels and the Al matrix to a significantly low level: by applying a coating on the U(Mo) kernels. Two fuel plates containing 8gU/cc U(Mo) coated with respectively 600 nm Si and 1000 nm ZrN in a pure Al matrix were manufactured. These plates were irradiated in the BR2 reactor up to a maximum heat flux of 470 W/cm2 until a maximum local burn-up of approximately 70% 235U (˜50% plate average) was reached. Awaiting the PIE results, the advantages of applying a coating are discussed in this paper through annealing experiments and TRIM (the Transport of Ions in Matter) calculations.

Plate waste of adults in the United States measured in free-living conditions

PubMed Central

Allen, H. Raymond

2018-01-01

We analyze food-item level data collected from 50 adults from the United States using the Remote Food Photography Method® to provide the first estimates of plate waste gathered from adults across multiple consecutive meals and days in free-living conditions, and during laboratory-based meals with fixed food items and quantities. We find average plate waste in free-living conditions is 5.6 grams (7.7 kcals) per item and that 3.3% of all food selected is returned as plate waste, where the percent waste figure is substantially lower than previously published plate waste estimates gathered primarily from dine-out settings in the United States such as buffets and institutional settings with limited-choice meals (e.g., school cafeterias). Plate waste from the same participants during the laboratory-based meals is significantly higher with an average of 203.2 grams of solid plate waste per meal (531.3 kcals) or 39.1% of the food provided, which is similar to the plate waste percentages found reported in some school cafeteria settings. The amount of plate waste generated in free-living conditions is significantly positively associated with portion size selected for an item. In a multivariate analysis that controls for macronutrient profile, items selected from the vegetables, fats/oils/dressings, and grains categories are associated with significantly greater amounts of plate waste per item. We find no significant associations between free-living plate waste and gender, age, race or body mass index but find that women leave more plate waste in the lab meal where portion sizes are pre-determined by the researcher and similar for all respondents. We discuss possible implications of these findings for programs focused on reducing plate waste and food waste among consumers. PMID:29444094

Dynamic Locked Plating of Distal Femur Fractures.

PubMed

Linn, Michael S; McAndrew, Christopher M; Prusaczyk, Beth; Brimmo, Olubusola; Ricci, William M; Gardner, Michael J

2015-10-01

Nonunion after locked bridge plating of comminuted distal femur fractures is not uncommon. "Dynamic" locked plating may create an improved mechanical environment, thereby achieving higher union rates than standard locked plating constructs. Academic Level 1 Trauma Center. Twenty-eight patients with comminuted supracondylar femur fractures treated with either dynamic or standard locked plating. Dynamic plating was achieved using an overdrilling technique of the near cortex to allow for a 0.5-mm "halo" around the screw shaft at the near cortex. Standard locked plating was done based on manufacturer's suggested technique. The patients treated with dynamic plating were matched 1:1 with those treated with standard locked plating based on OTA classification and working length. Three blinded observers made callus measurements on 6-week radiographs using a 4-point ordinal scale. The results were analyzed using a 2-tailed t test and 2-way intraclass correlations. The dynamic plating group had significantly greater callus (2.0; SD, 0.7) compared with the control group (1.3: SD, 0.8, P = 0.048) with substantial agreement amongst observers in both consistency (0.724) and absolute score (0.734). With dynamic plating group, 1 patient failed to unite, versus three in the control group (P = 0.59). The dynamic group had a mean change in coronal plane alignment of 0.5 degrees (SD, 2.6) compared with 0.6 (SD, 3.0) for the control group (P = 0.9) without fixation failure in either group. Overdrilling the near cortex in metaphyseal bridge plating can be adapted to standard implants to create a dynamic construct and increase axial motion. This technique seems to be safe and leads to increased callus formation, which may decrease nonunion rates seen with standard locked plating. Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Photostimulated luminescence properties of neutron image plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Popov, A. I.; Zimmermann, J.; McIntyre, G. J.; Wilkinson, C.

2016-09-01

The luminescence properties of two commercial neutron-sensitive image-plates based on Gd2O3-doped BaFBr:Eu2+ storage phosphors are examined. These are white Fuji plates and blue Fuji plates (BAS-ND) with Gd2O3 content by weight of 34% and 50%, respectively. Both plates show two maxima in the photostimulation spectrum near 500 nm and 600 nm, with the ratio of the peak responses (I600 nm/I500 nm) 1.39 and 0.53 for the white and blue plates respectively. The optimum wavelengths for photostimulation for the two phosphors are therefore different. The response of the blue plate is only 25% that of the white plate, if each is stimulated at its optimum wavelength.

Generalized viscothermoelasticity theory of dual-phase-lagging model for damping analysis in circular micro-plate resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grover, D.; Seth, R. K.

2018-05-01

Analysis and numerical results are presented for the thermoelastic dissipation of a homogeneous isotropic, thermally conducting, Kelvin-Voigt type circular micro-plate based on Kirchhoff's Love plate theory utilizing generalized viscothermoelasticity theory of dual-phase-lagging model. The analytical expressions for thermoelastic damping of vibration and frequency shift are obtained for generalized dual-phase-lagging model and coupled viscothermoelastic plates. The scaled thermoelastic damping has been illustrated in case of circular plate and axisymmetric circular plate for fixed aspect ratio for clamped and simply supported boundary conditions. It is observed that the damping of vibrations significantly depend on time delay and mechanical relaxation times in addition to thermo-mechanical coupling in circular plate under resonance conditions and plate dimensions.

Intraplate deformation, stress in the lithosphere and the driving mechanism for plate motions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hager, Bradford H.

1988-01-01

During this period work was carried out on three fronts relevant to the understanding of intraplate deformation, stress in the lithosphere, and the driving mechanisms for plate motions: (1) observational constraints, using GPS geodesy on the deformation in the region of the boundry between the Pacific and North American plates in central and southern California; (2) numerical modeling of the effects of temperature dependent lithospheric viscosity on the stress and strain history of extensional regimes; and (3) improvement of estimates of mantle viscosity variation, the long-wave-length density variations in the mantle, and the topography of the core-mantel boundary from modeling of geoid anomalies, nutation, and changes in length of day. These projects are described in more detail, followed by a discussion of meetings attended and a list of abstracts and papers submitted and/or published.

Preliminary results on the current tectonic setting of South Georgia Island from GPS geodetic data.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matheny, P.; Smalley, R., Jr.; Dalziel, I. W. D.; Lawver, L. A.; Gomez, D.; Teferle, F. N.; Hunegnaw, A.; Abraha, K. E.

2017-12-01

The South Georgia microcontinent is an allochthonous block from the south eastern part of Tierra del Fuego of South America that has been transported over the past 80-100 My as part of the development of the Scotia Plate. While the trajectory to its current position is poorly constrained, the microcontinent is now part of the eastern end of the North Scotia Ridge between the South America and the Scotia Plates almost 1600 km east of its original position. Based on bathymetric morphology and geological history of the Scotia Arc the microcontinent has been considered to be part of the Scotia Plate, with the plate boundary continuing along the North Scotia Ridge on the north side of the microcontinent, to the east where it transitions into the South Sandwich subduction boundary. Seismic activity in the region, while very low, is concentrated along the southern border of the microcontinent. This seismicity has been interpreted, based on a few small events with thrust mechanisms, to represent underthrusting and uplift of the island on a restraining bend in the North Scotia Ridge geometry to the north-east of the microcontinent. More recently, based on the seismicity distribution, the plate boundary has been placed along the south side of the microcontinent, suggesting that it has, or is being, transferred to the South America plate. In order to address the current tectonic affinity of South Georgia a four station continuous GPS network was installed on South Georgia Island to determine the block's relative motion with respect to the South America and Scotia Plates. The question is whether it is now attached to either plate or is an independent platelet, and whether it is suffering internal deformation. We will present the preliminary geodetic results based on 3 years of continuous GPS data.

Oceanic core complexes in the Philippine Sea: results from Japan's extended continental shelf mapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ohara, Y.; Yoshida, T.; Nishizawa, A.

2013-12-01

The United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) issued its recommendations on Japan's extended continental shelf in April 2012, confirming Japan's rights over the vast areas within the Philippine Sea and Pacific Plates. Japan submitted information on the limits of its continental shelf beyond the EEZ to the CLCS on November 2008, which was the result of 25 years of nation's continental shelf survey project since 1983, involving all of Japan's agency relevant to geosciences. The huge geological and geophysical data obtained through the project give the scientists unprecedented opportunity to study the geology and tectonics of the Philippine Sea and Pacific Plates. In this contribution, we show such an example from the Philippine Sea Plate, relevant to the global mid-ocean ridge problem. Oceanic core complexes (OCC) are dome-shaped bathymetric highs identified in mid-ocean ridges, interpreted as portions of the lower crust and/or upper mantle denuded via low-angle detachment faulting. OCCs are characterized morphologically by axis-normal striations (corrugations, or mullion structure) on the dome, and exposures of mantle peridotite and/or lower crustal gabbro. A strikingly giant OCC (named 'Godzilla Megamullion') was discovered in the Parece Vela Basin by the continental shelf survey project in 2001. Godzilla Megamullion is morphologically the largest OCC in the world, consisting mainly of fertile mantle peridotite along its entire length of over 125 km. Following its discovery in 2001, several academic cruises investigated the structure in detail, providing numerous important findings relevant to mid-ocean ridge tectono-magmatic processes and Philippine Sea evolution, including the slow- to ultraslow-spreading environment for denudation of the detachment fault (< 2.5 cm/y) and associated decreasing degree of partial melting of the peridotites towards the termination of Godzilla Megamullion. In addition to Godzilla Megamullion, several potential OCCs have been discovered in the Philippine Sea Plate by the continental shelf survey project. These are: (1) the ones in the Shikoku Basin spreading axis at around 24 degrees north, (2) the Chaotic Terrain in the Parece Vela Basin, (3) Chaotic Terrain in the West Philippine Basin, near the CBF Rift (formerly known as the Central Basin Fault), (4) Chaotic Terrain in the Kita-Daito Basin, (5) the one in the Shikoku Basin floor to the east of Kyushu-Palau Ridge at 25 degrees north, (6) the Higashi-Ryusei Spur of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge at 26 degrees north, and (7) the one in the Daito Ridge adjoining to the Kida-Daito Basin. OCCs are commonly developed in slow-spreading ridges, providing excellent opportunities as tectonic windows to study the composition and structure of deep oceanic lithosphere. The OCCs in the Philippine Sea Plate in turn provide the opportunities to study the backarc basin lithosphere as well as the continental lithosphere (at the above examples 6 and 7). Although Godzilla Megamullion has been studied very well, the other OCCs are not well documented yet. The next step is to focus on these interesting targets to understand the lithospheric process in the Philippine Sea Plate.

JPL encapsulation task

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Willis, P.

1986-01-01

A detailed summary of the diverse encapsulation materials and techniques that evolved to meet the cost goals of the Flat-plate Solar Array (FSA) Project is presented. A typical solar cell now consists of low iron glass, two layers of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymers, a porous space, primers/adhesives, a back cover of Tedlar, and a gasket/seal for a volume cost of $1.30/sq ft. This compares well with the project goal of $1.40/sq ft.

Steel plate girder diaphragm and cross bracing loads.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-05-01

The wide spectrum of options available to designers for analyzing and determining cross-frame forces can be a : source of problems because different options may not result in similar solutions. The main objective of this : project was to develop a se...

Experimental maintenance painting on the I-64 Riverside expressway in Louisville

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-01

The Riverside Parkway comprises some 3.2 miles of elevated steel (plate-girder) in downtown Louisville having approximately 24,054 tons of steel. The structures had existing coatings that contained lead. The project posed significant operational and ...

Field programmable gate arrays-based number plate binarization and adjustment for automatic number plate recognition systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhai, Xiaojun; Bensaali, Faycal; Sotudeh, Reza

2013-01-01

Number plate (NP) binarization and adjustment are important preprocessing stages in automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) systems and are used to link the number plate localization (NPL) and character segmentation stages. Successfully linking these two stages will improve the performance of the entire ANPR system. We present two optimized low-complexity NP binarization and adjustment algorithms. Efficient area/speed architectures based on the proposed algorithms are also presented and have been successfully implemented and tested using the Mentor Graphics RC240 FPGA development board, which together require only 9% of the available on-chip resources of a Virtex-4 FPGA, run with a maximum frequency of 95.8 MHz and are capable of processing one image in 0.07 to 0.17 ms.

Novel quadrilateral elements based on explicit Hermite polynomials for bending of Kirchhoff-Love plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beheshti, Alireza

2018-03-01

The contribution addresses the finite element analysis of bending of plates given the Kirchhoff-Love model. To analyze the static deformation of plates with different loadings and geometries, the principle of virtual work is used to extract the weak form. Following deriving the strain field, stresses and resultants may be obtained. For constructing four-node quadrilateral plate elements, the Hermite polynomials defined with respect to the variables in the parent space are applied explicitly. Based on the approximated field of displacement, the stiffness matrix and the load vector in the finite element method are obtained. To demonstrate the performance of the subparametric 4-node plate elements, some known, classical examples in structural mechanics are solved and there are comparisons with the analytical solutions available in the literature.

Origin of Starting Earthquakes under Complete Coupling of the Lithosphere Plates and a Base

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Babeshko, V. A.; Evdokimova, O. V.; Babeshko, O. M.; Zaretskaya, M. V.; Gorshkova, E. M.; Mukhin, A. S.; Gladskoi, I. B.

2018-02-01

The boundary problem of rigid coupling of lithospheric plates modeled by Kirchhoff plates with a base represented by a three-dimensional deformable layered medium is considered. The possibility of occurrence of a starting earthquake in such a block structure is investigated. For this purpose, two states of this medium in the static mode are considered. In the first case, the semi-infinite lithospheric plates in the form of half-planes are at a distance so that the distance between the end faces is different from zero. In the second case, the lithospheric plates come together to zero spacing between them. Calculations have shown that in this case more complex movements of the Earth's surface are possible. Among such movements are the cases described in our previous publications [1, 2].

Fake Plate Vehicle Auditing Based on Composite Constraints in Internet of Things Environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shasha; Xiangji Huang, Jimmy; Tohti, Turdi

2018-03-01

Accordance to the real application demands, this paper proposes a fake plate vehicle auditing method based on composite constrains strategy, a corresponding simulated IOT (internet of things) environment was created and uses liner matrix, Base64 encryption and grid monitoring technology and puts forward a real-time detecting algorithm for fake plate vehicles. The developed real system not only shows the superiority on its speed, detection accuracy and visualization, it also be good at realizing the vehicle’s real-time position and predicting the possible traveling trajectory.

Inclusion of transverse shear deformation in exact buckling and vibration analysis of composite plate assemblies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Melvin S.; Kennedy, David

1992-01-01

The problem considered is the development of the necessary plate stiffnesses for use in a general purpose program for buckling and vibration of composite plate assemblies. The required stiffnesses are for the assumption of sinusoidal response along the plate length with transverse shear included. The method is based on the exact solution of the plate differential equations for a composite laminate having fully populated A, B, and D matrices which leads to a differential equation of tenth order.

Omni-directional railguns

DOEpatents

Shahinpoor, Mohsen

1995-01-01

A device for electromagnetically accelerating projectiles. The invention features two parallel conducting circular plates, a plurality of electrode connections to both upper and lower plates, a support base, and a projectile magazine. A projectile is spring-loaded into a firing position concentrically located between the parallel plates. A voltage source is applied to the plates to cause current to flow in directions defined by selectable, discrete electrode connections on both upper and lower plates. Repulsive Lorentz forces are generated to eject the projectile in a 360 degree range of fire.

Electricity from photovoltaic solar cells. Flat-Plate Solar Array Project of the US Department of Energy's National Photovoltaics Program: 10 years of progress

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Christensen, Elmer

1985-01-01

The objectives were to develop the flat-plate photovoltaic (PV) array technologies required for large-scale terrestrial use late in the 1980s and in the 1990s; advance crystalline silicon PV technologies; develop the technologies required to convert thin-film PV research results into viable module and array technology; and to stimulate transfer of knowledge of advanced PV materials, solar cells, modules, and arrays to the PV community. Progress reached on attaining these goals, along with future recommendations are discussed.

The interpretation of crustal dynamics data in terms of plate motions and regional deformation near plate boundaries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Soloman, Sean C.

1991-01-01

The focus of the research was in two broad areas: (1) the nature and dynamics of time dependent deformation and stress along major seismic zones; and (2) the nature of long wavelength oceanic geoid anomalies in terms of lateral variations in upper mantle temperature and composition. The principle findings of the research are described in the accompanying appendices. The first two and the fourth appendices are reprints of papers recently submitted for publication, and the third is the abstract of a recently completed thesis supported by this project.

Status Report of Environmental Evaluations, Trinity River Project, Texas. Appendix A. Plates and Photographs

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-06-01

Lt.AA.LFFL% 1 I 8A -it k .. ’.NWowO cA, hi l X o-I’d1. 11 4 BASIN WAE SIA IJ, ARMY 170E R ITIC ,FHT * K ., - WII~~~I 01 A.A’ 1 n-AN, (NG ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ IA...40 S IO SCALE IN4 PE9l PLATE 29 SCEION CEET "IGH w4fe( i 5’...1’ Vvrr..R./ 20 0 20 40. 60 SCALL IN FEET Z’ 6.. C.-. SECTION J-J r /ow/ t0 0 t0 40 60

Technology developments toward 30-year-life of photovoltaic modules

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ross, R. G., Jr.

1984-01-01

As part of the United States National Photovoltaics Program, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Flat-Plate Solar Array Project (FSA) has maintained a comprehensive reliability and engineering sciences activity addressed toward understanding the reliability attributes of terrestrial flat-plate photovoltaic arrays and to deriving analysis and design tools necessary to achieve module designs with a 30-year useful life. The considerable progress to date stemming from the ongoing reliability research is discussed, and the major areas requiring continued research are highlighted. The result is an overview of the total array reliability problem and of available means of achieving high reliability at minimum cost.

Cost estimates for flat plate and concentrator collector arrays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shimada, K.

1982-01-01

The current module and installation costs for the U.S. National Photovoltaic Program's grid-connected systems are significantly higher than required for economic viability of this alternative. Attention is accordingly given to the prospects for installed module cost reductions in flat plate, linear focus Fresnel concentrator, and point focus Fresnel concentrator candidate systems. Cost projections indicate that all three systems would meet near-term and midterm goals, provided that module costs of $2.80/W(p) and $0.70/W(p), respectively, are met. The point focus Fresnel system emerges as the most viable for the near term.

Instrumentation development for the EUVE. [Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer Satellite

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Finley, D.

1980-01-01

The prototype mirror was successfully replated with a thick layer of nickel and diamond turned again. Optimization of the sensitivity of the instruments was studied with emphasis on the filter material, and on the available telemetry. The JHU Preliminary Project Definition Document was critically analyzed. Further studies of the electron cloud distribution produced by a channel plate were performed, and a wedge and strip anode with 17 quartets per inch was shown to image with better than 0.5% linearity. Half the microchannel plates being used in the lifetest completed initial processing and are in the lifetest vacuum chamber.

Gnss Geodetic Monitoring as Support of Geodynamics Research in Colombia, South America

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mora-Paez, H.; Acero-Patino, N.; Rodriguez-Zuluaga, J. S.; Diederix, H.; Bohorquez-Orozco, O. P.; Martinez-Diaz, G. P.; Diaz-Mila, F.; Giraldo-Londono, L. S.; Cardozo-Giraldo, S.; Vasquez-Ospina, A. F.; Lizarazo, S. C.

2013-05-01

To support the geodynamics research at the northwestern corner of South America, GEORED, the acronym for "Geodesia: Red de Estudios de Deformación" has been adopted for the Project "Implementation of the National GNSS Network for Geodynamics" carried out by the Colombian Geological Survey, (SGC), formerly INGEOMINAS. Beginning in 2007, discussions within the GEORED group led to a master plan for the distribution of the base permanent GPS/GNSS station array and specific areas of interest for campaign site construction. The use of previously identified active faults as preferred structures along which stresses are transferred through the deformational area led to the idea of segmentation of the North Andes within Colombia into 20 tectonic sub-blocks. Each of the 20 sub-blocks is expected to have, at least, three-four permanent GPS/GNSS stations within the block along with construction of campaign sites along the boundaries. Currently, the GEORED Network is managing 46 continuously including: 40 GEORED GPS/GNSS continuously operating stations; 4 GNSS continuously operating stations provided by the COCONet (Continuously Operating Caribbean GPS Observational Network) Project; the Bogotá IGS GPS station (BOGT), installed in 1994 under the agreement between JPL-NASA and the SGC; and the San Andres Island station, installed in 2007 under the MOU between UCAR and the SGC. In addition to the permanent installations, more than 230 GPS campaign sites have been constructed and are being occupied one time per year. The Authority of the Panama Canal and the Escuela Politecnica de Quito have also provided data of 4 and 5 GPS/GNSS stations respectively. The GPS data are processed using the GIPSY-OASIS II software, and the GPS time series of daily station positions give fundamental information for both regional and local geodynamics studies. Until now, we have obtained 100 quality vector velocities for Colombia, 23 of them as part of the permanent network. The GPS/GNSS stations are located on the three major plates that interact within the Wide Plate Margin Deformation Zone including existing permanent installations on IGS Galapagos and Malpelo Islands on the Nazca Plate, and San Andres Island on the Caribbean plate. The velocity vectors confirm the oblique subduction of the Nazca Plate and Carnegie aseismic ridge collision processes at the Colombia-Ecuador trench which are assumed to be the mechanism for the transpressional deformation and the "escape" of the North Andes Block (NAB). The northernmost vectors in Colombia are indicative of the ongoing collision of the Panama Arc with northwestern Colombia. Planned for the year 2013 is the installation of 10 additional GNSS continuously operating stations, and construction of 20 GPS campaign sites.

Establishment of a Taiwan Marine cable hosted observatory (Ma-Cho project)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, C.; Hsu, S.; Shin, T.

2006-12-01

Taiwan is located in a junction corner between the Philippine Sea Plate and Eurasian Plate. Because of the active convergence, numerous earthquakes have occurred in and around Taiwan. On average, there are about two earthquakes greater than magnitude 6 each year and 80% of earthquakes occurred in the offshore area. Because of the subduction of Philippine Sea Plate beneath the western end of the Ryukyu Arc and northern Taiwan, both the tectonics and seismic activity are intensive. The 2004 Sumatra earthquake has induced giant tsunami attacking coastal countries of South Asia. Due to a similar geodynamic context, the Sumatra event has aroused the attention of Taiwan government. Soon, specialists from Taiwan earth scientists and ocean engineers have teamed up to discuss the potential and mitigation of natural hazards from the western end of the Ryukyu subduction zone. The constructing a submarine cable observatory off eastern Taiwan (Ma-Cho project) was suggested. Ma-Cho means a sea goddess who protects people at sea. The purpose of Ma-Cho project has several folds. Firstly, the extension of seismic stations on land to offshore area can increase the resolution of earthquake locating. Secondly, the extension of seismic stations may obtain tens of second before the destructing seismic waves arrive on land or tens of minute before the arrival of giant tsunami, which is helpful for earthquake or tsunami warning. Thirdly, the seafloor scientific station can monitor the active volcanoes in the Okinawa Trough, which is directly adjacent to the Ilan plain in northeastern Taiwan. Fourthly, the seafloor observatory can be used to continuously study the Kurosho current, off eastern Taiwan. The Ma- Cho project has been granted for the first year. From 2007, we will start with a submarine route survey and a construction of the submarine cable land station. The main submarine cable frame and the connection of scientific instruments to cable nodes will be finished in 2009.

Behaviour of Plate Anchorage in Plate-Reinforced Composite Coupling Beams

PubMed Central

Lam, W. Y.; Li, Lingzhi; Su, R. K. L.; Pam, H. J.

2013-01-01

As a new alternative design, plate-reinforced composite (PRC) coupling beam achieves enhanced strength and ductility by embedding a vertical steel plate into a conventionally reinforced concrete (RC) coupling beam. Based on a nonlinear finite element model developed in the authors' previous study, a parametric study presented in this paper has been carried out to investigate the influence of several key parameters on the overall performance of PRC coupling beams. The effects of steel plate geometry, span-to-depth ratio of beams, and steel reinforcement ratios at beam spans and in wall regions are quantified. It is found that the anchorage length of the steel plate is primarily controlled by the span-to-depth ratio of the beam. Based on the numerical results, a design curve is proposed for determining the anchorage length of the steel plate. The load-carrying capacity of short PRC coupling beams with high steel ratio is found to be controlled by the steel ratio of wall piers. The maximum shear stress of PRC coupling beams should be limited to 15 MPa. PMID:24288465

Aperture-based antihydrogen gravity experiment: Parallel plate geometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rocha, J. R.; Hedlof, R. M.; Ordonez, C. A.

2013-10-01

An analytical model and a Monte Carlo simulation are presented of an experiment that could be used to determine the direction of the acceleration of antihydrogen due to gravity. The experiment would rely on methods developed by existing antihydrogen research collaborations. The configuration consists of two circular, parallel plates that have an axis of symmetry directed away from the center of the earth. The plates are separated by a small vertical distance, and include one or more pairs of circular barriers that protrude from the upper and lower plates, thereby forming an aperture between the plates. Antihydrogen annihilations that occur just beyond each barrier, within a "shadow" region, are asymmetric on the upper plate relative to the lower plate. The probability for such annihilations is determined for a point, line and spheroidal source of antihydrogen. The production of 100,000 antiatoms is predicted to be necessary for the aperture-based experiment to indicate the direction of free fall acceleration of antimatter, provided that antihydrogen is produced within a sufficiently small antiproton plasma at a temperature of 4 K.

Add-on unidirectional elastic metamaterial plate cloak

PubMed Central

Lee, Min Kyung; Kim, Yoon Young

2016-01-01

Metamaterial cloaks control the propagation of waves to make an object invisible or insensible. To manipulate elastic waves in space, a metamaterial cloak is typically embedded in a base system that includes or surrounds a target object. The embedding is undesirable because it structurally weakens or permanently alters the base system. In this study, we propose a new add-on metamaterial elastic cloak that can be placed over and mechanically coupled with a base structure without embedding. We designed an add-on type annular metamaterial plate cloak through conformal mapping, fabricated it and performed cloaking experiments in a thin-plate with a hole. Experiments were performed in a thin plate by using the lowest symmetric Lamb wave centered at 100 kHz. As a means to check the cloaking performance of the add-on elastic plate cloak, possibly as a temporary stress reliever or a so-called “stress bandage”, the degree of stress concentration mitigation and the recovery from the perturbed wave field due to a hole were investigated. PMID:26860896

Add-on unidirectional elastic metamaterial plate cloak

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Min Kyung; Kim, Yoon Young

2016-02-01

Metamaterial cloaks control the propagation of waves to make an object invisible or insensible. To manipulate elastic waves in space, a metamaterial cloak is typically embedded in a base system that includes or surrounds a target object. The embedding is undesirable because it structurally weakens or permanently alters the base system. In this study, we propose a new add-on metamaterial elastic cloak that can be placed over and mechanically coupled with a base structure without embedding. We designed an add-on type annular metamaterial plate cloak through conformal mapping, fabricated it and performed cloaking experiments in a thin-plate with a hole. Experiments were performed in a thin plate by using the lowest symmetric Lamb wave centered at 100 kHz. As a means to check the cloaking performance of the add-on elastic plate cloak, possibly as a temporary stress reliever or a so-called “stress bandage”, the degree of stress concentration mitigation and the recovery from the perturbed wave field due to a hole were investigated.

Developmental Regulation of the Growth Plate and Cranial Synchondrosis

PubMed Central

Wei, X.; Hu, M.; Mishina, Y.; Liu, F.

2016-01-01

Long bones and the cranial base are both formed through endochondral ossification. Elongation of long bones is primarily through the growth plate, which is a cartilaginous structure at the end of long bones made up of chondrocytes. Growth plate chondrocytes are organized in columns along the longitudinal axis of bone growth. The cranial base is the growth center of the neurocranium. Synchondroses, consisting of mirror-image growth plates, are critical for cranial base elongation and development. Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in determining the roles of the parathyroid hormone–related protein, Indian hedgehog, fibroblast growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling pathways in various aspects of skeletal development. Furthermore, recent evidence indicates the important role of the primary cilia signaling pathway in bone elongation. Here, we review the development of the growth plate and cranial synchondrosis and the regulation by the above-mentioned signaling pathways, highlighting the similarities and differences between these 2 structures. PMID:27250655

A Treatise on Equivalent-Plate Stiffnesses for Stiffened Laminated-Composite Plates and Plate-Like Lattices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nemeth, Michael P.

2011-01-01

A survey of studies conducted since 1914 on the use of equivalent-plate stiffnesses in modeling the overall, stiffness-critical response of stiffened plates and shells is presented. Two detailed, comprehensive derivations of first-approximation equivalent-plate stiffnesses are also presented that are based on the Reissner-Mindlin-type, first-order transverse-shear deformation theory for anisotropic plates. Equivalent-plate stiffness expressions, and a corresponding symbolic manipulation computer program, are also presented for several different stiffener configurations. These expressions are very general and exhibit the full range of anisotropies permitted by the Reissner-Mindlin-type, first-order transverse-shear deformation theory for anisotropic plates. The expressions presented in the present study were also compared with available, previously published results. For the most part, the previously published results are for special cases of the general expressions presented herein and are almost in complete agreement. Analysis is also presented that extends the use of the equivalent-plate stiffness expressions to sandwich plates.

[Non-rigid medical image registration based on mutual information and thin-plate spline].

PubMed

Cao, Guo-gang; Luo, Li-min

2009-01-01

To get precise and complete details, the contrast in different images is needed in medical diagnosis and computer assisted treatment. The image registration is the basis of contrast, but the regular rigid registration does not satisfy the clinic requirements. A non-rigid medical image registration method based on mutual information and thin-plate spline was present. Firstly, registering two images globally based on mutual information; secondly, dividing reference image and global-registered image into blocks and registering them; then getting the thin-plate spline transformation according to the shift of blocks' center; finally, applying the transformation to the global-registered image. The results show that the method is more precise than the global rigid registration based on mutual information and it reduces the complexity of getting control points and satisfy the clinic requirements better by getting control points of the thin-plate transformation automatically.

Can Integrated Micro-Optical Concentrator Technology Revolutionize Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Solar Energy Harvesting?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haney, Michael W.

2015-12-01

The economies-of-scale and enhanced performance of integrated micro-technologies have repeatedly delivered disruptive market impact. Examples range from microelectronics to displays to lighting. However, integrated micro-scale technologies have yet to be applied in a transformational way to solar photovoltaic panels. The recently announced Micro-scale Optimized Solar-cell Arrays with Integrated Concentration (MOSAIC) program aims to create a new paradigm in solar photovoltaic panel technology based on the incorporation of micro-concentrating photo-voltaic (μ-CPV) cells. As depicted in Figure 1, MOSAIC will integrate arrays of micro-optical concentrating elements and micro-scale PV elements to achieve the same aggregated collection area and high conversion efficiency of a conventional (i.e., macro-scale) CPV approach, but with the low profile and mass, and hopefully cost, of a conventional non-concentrated PV panel. The reduced size and weight, and enhanced wiring complexity, of the MOSAIC approach provide the opportunity to access the high-performance/low-cost region between the conventional CPV and flat-plate (1-sun) PV domains shown in Figure 2. Accessing this portion of the graph in Figure 2 will expand the geographic and market reach of flat-plate PV. This talk reviews the motivation and goals for the MOSAIC program. The diversity of the technical approaches to micro-concentration, embedded solar tracking, and hybrid direct/diffuse solar resource collection found in the MOSAIC portfolio of projects will also be highlighted.

Discipline-based planetary education research and computational fluid dynamics analysis of Mars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coba, Filis

This thesis originates from the testing and implementation of an IRB-approved interactive animation designed to help students understand what causes The Reasons For The Seasons (RFTS) on Earth. Results from the testing indicated a small improvement in student understanding after exposure to the animation. Next, using the 3-D mapping tool Google Earth, students explored seasons and other planetary features on Mercury, Venus, the Moon and Mars through IRB-approved interactive tours which were developed and tested for astronomy education. Results from the tests indicated that there were statistically significant learning gains (p-value < 0.05) after students interacted with the tours compared to those who did not. The development of the tours inspired a geophysics study of the possibility of former plate motion (or plate tectonics) on Mars. A 2-D finite element convection model for the mantle of Mars was designed and solved using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1, to investigate whether or not thermal gradients in a Mars-sized planet could cause vigorous upper mantle convection, consistent with plate tectonic processes. Results from this project indicated that stable convection could occur in the interior of a Mars-like planet assuming the presence of sufficiently high thermal gradients at about 0.8 times the mantle temperature of Earth. The convective patterns resembled hot upwelling and cool downwelling which may be similar to subduction-like features. Furthermore, increasing the temperature of the hot boundaries resulted in faster, more rigorous convective motions and a hotter average temperature.

3D vortex formation of drag-based propulsors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Daegyoum; Gharib, Morteza

2008-11-01

Three dimensional vortex formation mechanism of impulsively rotating plates is studied experimentally using defocusing digital particle image velocimetry. The plate face is normal to the moving direction to simulate drag-based propulsion and only one power stroke is considered. In order to compare the effect of shape on vortex generation, three different shapes of plate (rectangular, triangular and duck's webbed-foot shapes) are used. These three cases show striking differences in vortex formation process during power stroke. Axial flow is shown to play an important role in the tip vortex formation. Correlation between hydrodynamic forces acting on the plate and vortex formation processes is described.

S-F graphic representation analysis of photoelectric facula focometer poroo-plate glass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tong, Yilin; Han, Xuecai

2016-10-01

Optical system focal length is usually based on the magnification method with focal length measurement poroo-plate glass is used as base element measuring focal length of focometer. On the basis of using analysis of magnification method to measure the accuracy of optical lens focal length, an expression between the ruling span of poroo-plate glass and the focal length of measured optical system was deduced, an efficient method to work out S-F graph with AUTOCAD was developed, the selecting principle of focometer parameter was analyzed, and Applied examples for designing poroo-plate glass in S-F figure was obtained.

The constraint method: A new finite element technique. [applied to static and dynamic loads on plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tsai, C.; Szabo, B. A.

1973-01-01

An approch to the finite element method which utilizes families of conforming finite elements based on complete polynomials is presented. Finite element approximations based on this method converge with respect to progressively reduced element sizes as well as with respect to progressively increasing orders of approximation. Numerical results of static and dynamic applications of plates are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the method. Comparisons are made with plate elements in NASTRAN and the high-precision plate element developed by Cowper and his co-workers. Some considerations are given to implementation of the constraint method into general purpose computer programs such as NASTRAN.

Crustal block motion model and interplate coupling along Ecuador-Colombia trench based on GNSS observation network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ito, T.; Mora-Páez, H.; Peláez-Gaviria, J. R.; Kimura, H.; Sagiya, T.

2017-12-01

IntroductionEcuador-Colombia trench is located at the boundary between South-America plate, Nazca Plate and Caribrian plate. This region is very complexes such as subducting Caribrian plate and Nazca plate, and collision between Panama and northern part of the Andes mountains. The previous large earthquakes occurred along the subducting boundary of Nazca plate, such as 1906 (M8.8) and 1979 (M8.2). And also, earthquakes occurred inland, too. So, it is important to evaluate earthquake potentials for preparing huge damage due to large earthquake in near future. GNSS observation In the last decade, the GNSS observation was established in Columbia. The GNSS observation is called by GEORED, which is operated by servicing Geologico Colomiano. The purpose of GEORED is research of crustal deformation. The number of GNSS site of GEORED is consist of 60 continuous GNSS observation site at 2017 (Mora et al., 2017). The sampling interval of almost GNSS site is 30 seconds. These GNSS data were processed by PPP processing using GIPSY-OASYS II software. GEORED can obtain the detailed crustal deformation map in whole Colombia. In addition, we use 100 GNSS data at Ecuador-Peru region (Nocquet et al. 2014). Method We developed a crustal block movements model based on crustal deformation derived from GNSS observation. Our model considers to the block motion with pole location and angular velocity and the interplate coupling between each block boundaries, including subduction between the South-American plate and the Nazca plate. And also, our approach of estimation of crustal block motion and coefficient of interplate coupling are based on MCMC method. The estimated each parameter is obtained probably density function (PDF). Result We tested 11 crustal block models based on geological data, such as active fault trace at surface. The optimal number of crustal blocks is 11 for based on geological and geodetic data using AIC. We use optimal block motion model. And also, we estimate interplate coupling along the plate interface and rigid block motion. We can evaluate to contribution of elastic deformation and rigid motion. In result, weak plate coupling was found northern part of 3 degree in latitude. Almost crustal deformation are explained by rigid block motion.

Recent results and performance of the multi-gap resistive plate chambers network for the EEE Project

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abbrescia, M.; Avanzini, C.; Baldini, L.; Baldini Ferroli, R.; Batignani, G.; Bencivenni, G.; Bossini, E.; Chiavassa, A.; Cicalò, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Coccia, E.; Corvaglia, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Pasquale, S.; Di Giovanni, A.; D`Incecco, M.; Dreucci, M.; Fabbri, F. L.; Fattibene, E.; Ferraro, A.; Frolov, V.; Galeotti, P.; Garbini, M.; Gemme, G.; Gnesi, I.; Grazzi, S.; Gustavino, C.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; La Rocca, P.; Licciulli, F.; Maggiora, A.; Maragoto Rodriguez, O.; Maron, G.; Martelli, B.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Miozzi, S.; Nania, R.; Noferini, F.; Nozzoli, F.; Panareo, M.; Panetta, M. P.; Paoletti, R.; Park, W.; Perasso, L.; Pilo, F.; Piragino, G.; Riggi, F.; Righini, G. C.; Sartorelli, G.; Scapparone, E.; Schioppa, M.; Scribano, A.; Selvi, M.; Serci, S.; Siddi, E.; Squarcia, S.; Stori, L.; Taiuti, M.; Terreni, G.; Visnyei, O. B.; Vistoli, M. C.; Votano, L.; Williams, M. C. S.; Zani, S.; Zichichi, A.; Zuyeusky, R.

2016-11-01

The Extreme Energy Events (EEE) Project is devoted to the study of Extensive Atmospheric Showers through a network of muon telescopes, installed in High Schools, with the further aim of introducing young students to particle and astroparticle physics. Each telescope is a tracking detector composed of three Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) with an active area of 1.60 × 0.80 m2. Their characteristics are similar to the ones built for the Time Of Flight array of the ALICE Experimentat LHC . The EEE Project started with a few pilot towns, where the telescopes have been taking data since 2008, and it has been constantly extended, reaching at present more than 50 MRPCs telescopes. They are spread across Italy with two additional stations at CERN, covering an area of around 3 × 105 km2, with a total surface area for all the MRPCs of 190 m2. A comprehensive description of the MRPCs network is reported here: efficiency, time and spatial resolution measured using cosmic rays hitting the telescopes. The most recent results on the detector and physics performance from a series of coordinated data acquisition periods are also presented.

PBO Facility Construction: Basin and Range and Rocky Mountain Regions Status

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Friesen, B.; Jenkins, F.; Kasmer, D.; Feaux, K.

2007-12-01

The Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), part of the larger NSF-funded EarthScope project, will study the three- dimensional strain field resulting from active plate boundary deformation across the western United States. PBO is a large construction project involving the reconnaissance, permitting, installation, documentation, and maintenance of 875 permanent GPS stations in five years. 163 of these stations lie within the Basin and Range and Rocky Mountain Regions consisting of the states of Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. During the fourth year of the project, the Basin and Range and Rocky Mountain regions of PBO completed reconnaissance and nearly all permitting activities, and maintained a fast pace of station installations. The fall of 2006 and spring of 2007 were devoted to the construction of a large push of 50 stations, most located on Bureau of Land Management controlled public lands in Nevada. This transect is located along Highway 50 and will profile the extension of the Basin and Range province. The Yellowstone area, including surrounding National Parks and Forests was the target of summer 2007, during which time 10 remote stations with difficult logistics were installed. To date, construction is complete for 135 of 163 GPS stations.

Evaluation of Fibular Fracture Type vs Location of Tibial Fixation of Pilon Fractures.

PubMed

Busel, Gennadiy A; Watson, J Tracy; Israel, Heidi

2017-06-01

Comminuted fibular fractures can occur with pilon fractures as a result of valgus stress. Transverse fibular fractures can occur with varus deformation. No definitive guide for determining the proper location of tibial fixation exists. The purpose of this study was to identify optimal plate location for fixation of pilon fractures based on the orientation of the fibular fracture. One hundred two patients with 103 pilon fractures were identified who were definitively treated at our institution from 2004 to 2013. Pilon fractures were classified using the AO/OTA classification and included 43-A through 43-C fractures. Inclusion criteria were age of at least 18 years, associated fibular fracture, and definitive tibial plating. Patients were grouped based on the fibular component fracture type (comminuted vs transverse), and the location of plate fixation (medial vs lateral) was noted. Radiographic outcomes were assessed for mechanical failures. Forty fractures were a result of varus force as evidenced by transverse fracture of the fibula and 63 were due to valgus force with a comminuted fibula. For the transverse fibula group, 14.3% mechanical complications were noted for medially placed plate vs 80% for lateral plating ( P = .006). For the comminuted fibular group, 36.4% of medially placed plates demonstrated mechanical complications vs 16.7% for laterally based plates ( P = .156). Time to weight bearing as tolerated was also noted to be significant between groups plated medially and laterally for the comminuted group ( P = .013). Correctly assessing the fibular component for pilon fractures provides valuable information regarding deforming forces. To limit mechanical complications, tibial plates should be applied in such a way as to resist the original deforming forces. Level of Evidence Level III, comparative study.

New constraints on the Neogene plate kinematics of West and East Antarctica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Granot, R.; Dyment, J.; Szitkar, F.

2016-12-01

The motion between East and West Antarctic Plates during the last 26 million years (post-Adare seafloor spreading) is loosely constrained, and although it is often considered negligible, accumulating observations from along the rift system suggest that significant faulting and transtensional motion have occurred in that period. Part of the reason for this uncertainty is the complicated kinematic evolution of the oceanic crust found north of the Ross Sea and the lack of proper magnetic anomaly data at key tectonic locations. We have conducted a series of two cruises (TACT project) aboard M/V L'Astrolabe, the supply ship of Dumont d'Urville French Antarctic station, in February-March of 2012 and 2016 during which we have acquired total field magnetic profiles oriented along flowline direction and straddling the Tasman spreading corridor, located between Tasmania and the Balleny Islands and the Tasman and Balleny FZs. The new data allow us to refine the overall motion of the Macquarie Plate relative to Australia. After correction of this motion, the Tasman corridor, lying west of the Balleny FZ uncovers the Australia-East Antarctic plate motion, and the Balleny corridor, lying east of the FZ uncovers the Australia-West Antarctic plate motion, reveal a mismatched anomaly pattern that result from the Neogene relative plate motion between East and West Antarctica. We combine these new observations together with geological constraints from within the west Antarctic rift system to compute new rotation parameters that describe the relative plate motion between West and East Antarctica for the last 26 million years.

A device for testing the dynamic performance of in situ force plates.

PubMed

East, Rebecca H; Noble, Jonathan J; Arscott, Richard A; Shortland, Adam P

2017-09-01

Force plates are often incorporated into motion capture systems for the calculation of joint kinetic variables and other data. This project aimed to create a system that could be used to check the dynamic performance of force plate in situ. The proposed solution involved the design and development of an eccentrically loaded wheel mounted on a weighted frame. The frame was designed to hold a wheel mounted in two orthogonal positions. The wheel was placed on the force plate and spun. A VICON™ motion analysis system captured the positional data of the markers placed around the rim of the wheel which was used to create a simulated force profile, and the force profile was dependent on spin speed. The root mean square error between the simulated force profile and the force plate measurement was calculated. For nine trials conducted, the root mean square error between the two simultaneous measures of force was calculated. The difference between the force profiles in the x- and y-directions is approximately 2%. The difference in the z-direction was under 0.5%. The eccentrically loaded wheel produced a predictable centripetal force in the plane of the wheel which varied in direction as the wheel was spun and magnitude dependent on the spin speed. There are three important advantages to the eccentrically loaded wheel: (1) it does not rely on force measurements made from other devices, (2) the tests require only 15 min to complete per force plate and (3) the forces exerted on the plate are similar to those of paediatric gait.

Geometry of the Cocos Plate Under North American Plate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perez-Campos, X.

2015-12-01

The Cocos plate subducts under the North American plate with a complex geometry, and previous seismicity studies revealed some of this complexity. However, details of the geometry and the depth that the plate penetrates werelargely unknown. Since 2004, temporary experiments and the expansion of the permanent network of the Servicio Sismológico Nacional (SSN, Mexican National Seismological Service) have improved resolution of the plate geometry and have helped to map its descent into the upper mantle. Going from northwest to southeast, the Cocos plate appears to be fragmenting into north and south segments. The north segment subducts with an angle of ~30º and the south with an angle of ~10-15º. The transition is smooth near the trench and progresses to a tear at depth; this coincides with the projection of the Orozco Fracture Zone to depth. Also, this transition marks the limit of the presence to the south of an ultra slow velocity layer (USL) on top of the slab.South of this transition, the Cocos plate subducts horizontally , underplating the North American plate for a distance of ~140 to ~300 km from the trench. Along this horizontal region, silent slow events (SSE) and tectonic tremor (TT) have been observed. At a distance of 300 km from the trench (beneath central Mexico), the plate dives into the mantle with an angle of 76º to a depth of 500 km. This geometry changes abruptly to the south, marking the eastern limit of the USL. This change seems to be also characterized by a tear on the slab. Finally to the south, the Cocos plate subducts with a constant angle of 26º. This presentation summarizes the work of many contributors including A. Arciniega-Ceballos, M. Brudzinski, E. Cabral-Cano, T. Chen, R. Clayton,F. Cordoba-Montiel,P. Davis,S. Dougherty,F. Green, M. Gurnis, D. V. Helmberger, A. Husker,A. Iglesias, Y. Kim, V. Manea, D. Melgar, M. Rodríguez-Domínguez,S. K. Singh, T.-R. A. Song, C. M. Valdés-González, D. Valencia-Cabrera

Effects of variables upon pyrotechnically induced shock response spectra, part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, James Lee

1988-01-01

Throughout the aerospace industry, large variations of 50 percent (6 dB) or more in shock response spectra (SRS) derived from pyrotechnic separation events continue to be reported from actual spaceflight data and from laboratory tests. As a result of these variations, NASA funded a research program for 1984 through 1986. The purpose of the 1984 through 1986 project was to analyze variations in pyrotechnically induced SRS and to determine if and to what degree manufacturing and assembly variables and tolerances, distance from the shock source, data acquisition instrumentation, and shock energy propagation affect the SRS. Sixty-four free-free boundary plate tests were performed. NASA funded an additional study for 1987 through 1988. This paper is a summary of the additional study. The purpose was to evaluate shock dissipation through various spacecraft structural joint types, to evaluate shock variation for various manufacturing and assembly variables on clamped boundary test plates, and to verify data correction techniques. Five clamped boundary plate tests investigated manufacturing and assembly variables and mass loading effects. Six free-free boundary plate tests investigated shock dissipation across spacecraft joint structures.

Guidelines for design and safe handling of curved I-shaped steel girders.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-02-01

The purpose of this set of guidelines is to summarize recommendations from work : completed as part of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Research Project 0-5574 : entitled "Curved Plate Girder Design for Safe and Economic Construction." ...

A variable-order laminated plate theory based on the variational-asymptotical method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Bok W.; Sutyrin, Vladislav G.; Hodges, Dewey H.

1993-01-01

The variational-asymptotical method is a mathematical technique by which the three-dimensional analysis of laminated plate deformation can be split into a linear, one-dimensional, through-the-thickness analysis and a nonlinear, two-dimensional, plate analysis. The elastic constants used in the plate analysis are obtained from the through-the-thickness analysis, along with approximate, closed-form three-dimensional distributions of displacement, strain, and stress. In this paper, a theory based on this technique is developed which is capable of approximating three-dimensional elasticity to any accuracy desired. The asymptotical method allows for the approximation of the through-the-thickness behavior in terms of the eigenfunctions of a certain Sturm-Liouville problem associated with the thickness coordinate. These eigenfunctions contain all the necessary information about the nonhomogeneities along the thickness coordinate of the plate and thus possess the appropriate discontinuities in the derivatives of displacement. The theory is presented in this paper along with numerical results for the eigenfunctions of various laminated plates.

Vibration analysis of partially cracked plate submerged in fluid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soni, Shashank; Jain, N. K.; Joshi, P. V.

2018-01-01

The present work proposes an analytical model for vibration analysis of partially cracked rectangular plates coupled with fluid medium. The governing equation of motion for the isotropic plate based on the classical plate theory is modified to accommodate a part through continuous line crack according to simplified line spring model. The influence of surrounding fluid medium is incorporated in the governing equation in the form of inertia effects based on velocity potential function and Bernoulli's equations. Both partially and totally submerged plate configurations are considered. The governing equation also considers the in-plane stretching due to lateral deflection in the form of in-plane forces which introduces geometric non-linearity into the system. The fundamental frequencies are evaluated by expressing the lateral deflection in terms of modal functions. The assessment of the present results is carried out for intact submerged plate as to the best of the author's knowledge the literature lacks in analytical results for submerged cracked plates. New results for fundamental frequencies are presented as affected by crack length, fluid level, fluid density and immersed depth of plate. By employing the method of multiple scales, the frequency response and peak amplitude of the cracked structure is analyzed. The non-linear frequency response curves show the phenomenon of bending hardening or softening and the effect of fluid dynamic pressure on the response of the cracked plate.

Plate-shaped non-contact ultrasonic transporter using flexural vibration.

PubMed

Ishii, Takahiko; Mizuno, Yosuke; Koyama, Daisuke; Nakamura, Kentaro; Harada, Kana; Uchida, Yukiyoshi

2014-02-01

We developed a plate-shaped non-contact transporter based on ultrasonic vibration, exploiting a phenomenon that a plate can be statically levitated at the place where its gravity and the acoustic radiation force are balanced. In the experiment, four piezoelectric zirconate titanate elements were attached to aluminum plates, on which lattice flexural vibration was excited at 22.3 kHz. The vibrating plates were connected to a loading plate via flexible posts that can minimize the influence of the flexure induced by heavy loads. The distribution of the vibration displacement on the plate was predicted through finite-element analysis to find the appropriate positions of the posts. The maximum levitation height of this transporter was 256 μm with no load. When two vibrating plates were connected to a loading plate, the maximum transportable load was 4.0 kgf. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Secure Screw Placement in Management of Acetabular Fractures Using the Suprapectineal Quadrilateral Buttress Plate.

PubMed

Egli, R J; Keel, M J B; Cullmann, J L; Bastian, J D

2017-01-01

Acetabular fractures involving predominantly the anterior column associated with a disruption of the quadrilateral surface can be treated with instrumentation implementing the stabilization of the quadrilateral surface. The recently introduced suprapectineal quadrilateral buttress plate is specifically designed to prevent secondary medial subluxation of the femoral head, especially in elderly patients with reduced ability for partial weight bearing. Whereas there are guidelines available for safe screw fixation for the anterior and posterior columns, there might be a concern for intra-articular placement of screws placed through the infrapectineal part of the quadrilateral buttress plate. Within this report we analyzed retrospectively screw placement in 30 plates in postoperative CT scans using algorithms for metal artifact reduction. None of the screws of the buttress plate penetrated the hip joint. We describe the placement, length, and spatial orientation of the screws used for fracture fixation and suggest that the use of intraoperative image intensifiers with a combined inlet-obturator view of 30-45° best projects the screws and the hip joint. Preoperative knowledge of approximate screw placement and information for accurate intraoperative imaging may contribute to safe acetabular fracture fixation and may reduce operating time and limit radiation exposure to the patient and the personnel. This trial is registered with KEK-BE: 266/2014.

Stability and natural vibration analysis of laminated plates by using a mixed element based on a refined plate theory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Putcha, N. S.; Reddy, J. N.

1986-01-01

A mixed shear flexible finite element, with relaxed continuity, is developed for the geometrically linear and nonlinear analysis of layered anisotropic plates. The element formulation is based on a refined higher order theory which satisfies the zero transverse shear stress boundary conditions on the top and bottom faces of the plate and requires no shear correction coefficients. The mixed finite element developed herein consists of eleven degrees of freedom per node which include three displacements, two rotations and six moment resultants. The element is evaluated for its accuracy in the analysis of the stability and vibration of anisotropic rectangular plates with different lamination schemes and boundary conditions. The mixed finite element described here for the higher order theory gives very accurate results for buckling loads and natural frequencies.

Improving the Diagnostic Specificity of CT for Early Detection of Lung Cancer: 4D CT-Based Pulmonary Nodule Elastometry

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-08-01

as thin - plate spline (1-3) or elastic-body spline (4, 5), is locally controlled. One of the main motivations behind the use of B- spline ...FL. Principal warps: thin - plate splines and the decomposition of deformations. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence...Weese J, Kuhn MH. Landmark-based elastic registration using approximating thin - plate splines . IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. 2001;20(6):526-34

Carbon-Carbon Recuperators in Closed-Brayton-Cycle Space Power Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barrett, Michael J.; Johnson, Paul K.

2006-01-01

The use of carbon-carbon (C-C) recuperators in closed-Brayton-cycle space power conversion systems was assessed. Recuperator performance was forecast based on notional thermodynamic cycle state values for planetary missions. Resulting thermal performance, mass and volume for plate-fin C-C recuperators were estimated and quantitatively compared with values for conventional offset-strip-fin metallic designs. Mass savings of 40-55% were projected for C-C recuperators with effectiveness greater than 0.9 and thermal loads from 25-1400 kWt. The smaller thermal loads corresponded with lower mass savings; however, at least 50% savings were forecast for all loads above 300 kWt. System-related material challenges and compatibility issues were also discussed.

Integrated circuit package with lead structure and method of preparing the same

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kennedy, B. W. (Inventor)

1973-01-01

A beam-lead integrated circuit package assembly including a beam-lead integrated circuit chip, a lead frame array bonded to projecting fingers of the chip, a rubber potting compound disposed around the chip, and an encapsulating molded plastic is described. The lead frame array is prepared by photographically printing a lead pattern on a base metal sheet, selectively etching to remove metal between leads, and plating with gold. Joining of the chip to the lead frame array is carried out by thermocompression bonding of mating goldplated surfaces. A small amount of silicone rubber is then applied to cover the chip and bonded joints, and the package is encapsulated with epoxy resin, applied by molding.

PICASSO Phase I: MT Investigation of Spain from Madrid to the Betics - preliminary results and models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmoldt, J.-P.; G.. Jones, A.; Hogg, C.; Rosell, O.

2009-04-01

The first phase of the DIAS magnetotelluric (MT) component of the PICASSO (Project to Investigate Convective Alboran Sea System Overturn) project was carried out in Southern Spain from Sept.-Nov., 2007. PICASSO is an international, multi-disciplinary project that aims to improve knowledge of the internal structure and plate-tectonic processes in the highly complex three-dimensional region formed by the collision of the African and European plate under the effect of the Mediterranean plate motion. Two different types of magnetotelluric (MT) equipment - broadband (BBMT) and long period (LMT) MT - were used along a profile from the outskirts of Madrid to the Mediterranean Sea through the Betic Mountain Chain. In spite of low solar activity during acquisition, the time series data are of good quality at most sites due to the excellent instrumentation and careful site location. The modified acquisition design of one of the equipment types (the LEMI long period system) with separate recording of each telluric channel allowed for advanced investigation of the dataset. The data were processed using four different robust algorithms, and the different responses have been compared. Pseudosections of responses from this first phase show a remarkably complex subsurface structure dominated by a slightly southwards dipping, conductive slab underneath the region of the External Betic Chain. Strike direction varies along the profile and with depth due to the intricate morphology, and its choice has an enormous impact on the responses to be modelled and thereby provides a challenging framework for MT data interpretation. This paper will describe the experiment and show representative responses and strike analyses. Preliminary models derived from different assumptions about strike coordinates will be compared and contrasted, and common features interpreted.

Logistical Support for the Installation of the Plate Boundary Observatory GPS and Borehole Strainmeter Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kurnik, C.; Austin, K.; Coyle, B.; Dittmann, T.; Feaux, K.; Friesen, B.; Johnson, W.; Mencin, D.; Pauk, B.; Walls, C.

2007-12-01

The Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), part of the NSF-funded EarthScope project, is designed to study the three- dimensional strain field resulting from deformation across the active boundary zone between the Pacific and North American plates in the western United States. To meet these goals, UNAVCO will install 880 continuous GPS stations, 103 borehole strainmeter stations, 28 tiltmeters, and five laser strainmeters by October 2008. Such a broad network presents significant logisitical challenges, including moving supplies, equipment, and personnel around 6 million square kilometers, and this requires accurate tracking and careful planning. The PBO logistics chain includes the PBO headquarters at UNAVCO in Boulder, Colorado and five regional offices in the continental United States and Alaska, served by dozens of suppliers spread across the globe. These offices are responsible for building and maintaining sites in their region. Most equipment and supplies first arrive in Boulder, where they are tagged and entered into a UNAVCO-wide equipment database, assembled and quality checked as necessary, and sent on to the appropriate regional office. Larger items which are costly to store and ship from Boulder, such as batteries or long sections of stainless steel pipe and bar required for monuments, are shipped directly from the supplier to each region as needed. These supplies and equipment are also tracked through the ordering, delivery, installation, and maintenance cycle via Earned Value Management techniques which allow us to meet NSF and other Federal procurement rules. Early prototypes and assembly configurations aid the development of material and supply budgets. A thorough understanding of Federal procurement rules at project start up is critical as the project moves forward.

Closed-field capacitive liquid level sensor

DOEpatents

Kronberg, James W.

1998-01-01

A liquid level sensor based on a closed field circuit comprises a ring oscillator using a symmetrical array of plate units that creates a displacement current. The displacement current varies as a function of the proximity of a liquid to the plate units. The ring oscillator circuit produces an output signal with a frequency inversely proportional to the presence of a liquid. A continuous liquid level sensing device and a two point sensing device are both proposed sensing arrangements. A second set of plates may be located inside of the probe housing relative to the sensing plate units. The second set of plates prevent any interference between the sensing plate units.

Closed-field capacitive liquid level sensor

DOEpatents

Kronberg, J.W.

1998-03-03

A liquid level sensor based on a closed field circuit comprises a ring oscillator using a symmetrical array of plate units that creates a displacement current. The displacement current varies as a function of the proximity of a liquid to the plate units. The ring oscillator circuit produces an output signal with a frequency inversely proportional to the presence of a liquid. A continuous liquid level sensing device and a two point sensing device are both proposed sensing arrangements. A second set of plates may be located inside of the probe housing relative to the sensing plate units. The second set of plates prevent any interference between the sensing plate units. 12 figs.

Closed-field capacitive liquid level sensor

DOEpatents

Kronberg, J.W.

1995-01-01

A liquid level sensor based on a closed field circuit comprises a ring oscillator using a symmetrical array of plate units that creates a displacement current. The displacement current varies as a function of the proximity of a liquid to the plate units. The ring oscillator circuit produces an output signal with a frequency inversely proportional to the presence of a liquid. A continuous liquid level sensing device and a two point sensing device are both proposed sensing arrangements. A second set of plates may be located inside of the probe housing relative to the sensing plate units. The second set of plates prevent any interference between the sensing plate units.

On the strain energy of laminated composite plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Atilgan, Ali R.; Hodges, Dewey H.

1991-01-01

The present effort to obtain the asymptotically correct form of the strain energy in inhomogeneous laminated composite plates proceeds from the geometrically nonlinear elastic theory-based three-dimensional strain energy by decomposing the nonlinear three-dimensional problem into a linear, through-the-thickness analysis and a nonlinear, two-dimensional analysis analyzing plate formation. Attention is given to the case in which each lamina exhibits material symmetry about its middle surface, deriving closed-form analytical expressions for the plate elastic constants and the displacement and strain distributions through the plate's thickness. Despite the simplicity of the plate strain energy's form, there are no restrictions on the magnitudes of displacement and rotation measures.

Shape Optimisation of Holes in Loaded Plates by Minimisation of Multiple Stress Peaks

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Shape Optimisation of Holes in Loaded Plates by Minimisation of Multiple Stress Peaks Witold Waldman and Manfred...minimising the peak tangential stresses on multiple segments around the boundary of a hole in a uniaxially-loaded or biaxially-loaded plate . It is based...RELEASE UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Shape Optimisation of Holes in Loaded Plates by Minimisation of Multiple Stress Peaks Executive Summary Aerospace

Effect of thermal stresses on frequency band structures of elastic metamaterial plates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Ying; Yu, Kaiping; Yang, Linyun; Zhao, Rui; Shi, Xiaotian; Tian, Kuo

2018-01-01

We investigate the effect of thermal stresses on the band structure of elastic metamaterial plates by developing a useful finite-element based method. The thermal field is assumed to be uniform throughout the whole plate. Specifically, we find that the stiffness matrix of plate element is comprised of elastic and thermal stresses parts, which can be regarded as a linear function of temperature difference. We additionally demonstrate that the relative magnitudes between elastic properties and thermal stresses will lead to nonlinear effects on frequency band structures based on two different types of metamaterial plates made of single and double inclusions of square plates, respectively. Then, we validate the proposed approach by comparing the band structures with the frequency response curves obtained in finite periodic structures. We conduct sensitivity analysis and discuss in-depth the sensitivities of band structures with respect to temperature difference to quantitatively investigate the effect of thermal stresses on each band. In addition, the coupled effects of thermal stresses and temperature-dependent material properties on the band structure of Aluminum/silicone rubber plate have also been discussed. The proposed method and new findings in this paper extends the ability of existing metamaterial plates by enabling tunability over a wide range of frequencies in thermal environments.

Evolution of Microstructure and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of AA2219 Plate to Ring Weld Joints in 3.5 Wt Pct NaCl Solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Venugopal, A.; Narayanan, P. Ramesh; Sharma, S. C.

2016-04-01

AA2219 aluminum alloy plate (T87) and ring (T851) were joined by tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding using multi-pass welding. The mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance of the above base metals (BMs) in different directions (L, LT, and ST) were examined. Similarly, the weld metal joined by plate to plate and plate to ring (PR) joints was evaluated. The results revealed that the mechanical properties of the ring were comparatively lower than the plate. This was found to be due to the extremely coarse grain size of the ring along with severe Cu-rich segregation along the grain boundaries when compared to the plate material. The SCC resistance of the base and weldments were found to be good and not susceptible to SCC. This was shown to be due to high values of SCC index (>0.9) and the typical ductile cracking morphology of the BM and the weld joints after SCC test in the environment (3.5 wt pct NaCl) when compared to test performed in the control environment (air). However, the corrosion resistance of the weld interface between the FZ and ring was inferior to the FZ-plate interface.

ADOPT: A tool for automatic detection of tectonic plates at the surface of convection models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mallard, C.; Jacquet, B.; Coltice, N.

2017-08-01

Mantle convection models with plate-like behavior produce surface structures comparable to Earth's plate boundaries. However, analyzing those structures is a difficult task, since convection models produce, as on Earth, diffuse deformation and elusive plate boundaries. Therefore we present here and share a quantitative tool to identify plate boundaries and produce plate polygon layouts from results of numerical models of convection: Automatic Detection Of Plate Tectonics (ADOPT). This digital tool operates within the free open-source visualization software Paraview. It is based on image segmentation techniques to detect objects. The fundamental algorithm used in ADOPT is the watershed transform. We transform the output of convection models into a topographic map, the crest lines being the regions of deformation (plate boundaries) and the catchment basins being the plate interiors. We propose two generic protocols (the field and the distance methods) that we test against an independent visual detection of plate polygons. We show that ADOPT is effective to identify the smaller plates and to close plate polygons in areas where boundaries are diffuse or elusive. ADOPT allows the export of plate polygons in the standard OGR-GMT format for visualization, modification, and analysis under generic softwares like GMT or GPlates.

Inclusion of transverse shear deformation in the exact buckling and vibration analysis of composite plate assemblies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Melvin S.; Kennedy, David

1993-01-01

The problem considered is the development of the necessary plate stiffnesses for use in the general purpose program VICONOPT for buckling and vibration of composite plate assemblies. The required stiffnesses include the effects of transverse shear deformation and are for sinusoidal response along the plate length as required in VICONOPT. The method is based on the exact solution of the plate differential equations for a composite laminate having fully populated A, B, and D stiffness matrices which leads to an ordinary differential equation of tenth order.

Omni-directional railguns

DOEpatents

Shahinpoor, M.

1995-07-25

A device is disclosed for electromagnetically accelerating projectiles. The invention features two parallel conducting circular plates, a plurality of electrode connections to both upper and lower plates, a support base, and a projectile magazine. A projectile is spring-loaded into a firing position concentrically located between the parallel plates. A voltage source is applied to the plates to cause current to flow in directions defined by selectable, discrete electrode connections on both upper and lower plates. Repulsive Lorentz forces are generated to eject the projectile in a 360 degree range of fire. 4 figs.

Oscillatory flow in a cone-and-plate bioreactor.

PubMed

Chung, C A; Tzou, M R; Ho, R W

2005-08-01

Motivated by biometric applications, we analyze oscillatory flow in a cone-and-plate geometry. The cone is rotated in a simple harmonic way on a stationary plate. Based on assuming that the angle between the cone and plate is small, we describe the flow analytically by a perturbation method in terms of two small parameters, the Womersley number and the Reynolds number, which account for the influences of the local acceleration and centripetal force, respectively. Working equations for the shear stresses induced both by laminar primary and secondary flows on the plate surface are presented.

Preparation and Testing of Corrosion and Spallation-Resistant Coatings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hurley, John

2015-11-01

This Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) project is designed to determine if plating APMT®, a specific highly oxidation-resistant oxide dispersion-strengthened FeCrAl alloy made by Kanthal, onto nickel-based superalloy turbine parts is a viable method for substantially improving the lifetimes and maximum use temperatures of the parts. The method for joining the APMT plate to the superalloys is called evaporative metal bonding and involves placing a thin foil of zinc between the plate and the superalloy, clamping them together, and heating in an atmosphere-controlled furnace. Upon heating, the zinc melts and dissolves the oxide skins of the alloys at themore » bond line, allowing the two alloys to diffuse into each other. The zinc then diffuses through the alloys and evaporates from their surfaces. During this annual reporting period, the finite element model was completed and used to design clamping jigs to hold the APMT plate to the larger blocks of superalloys during the bonding process. The clamping system was machined from titanium–zirconium–molybdenum and used to bond the APMT plate to the superalloy blocks. The bond between the APMT plate was weak for one of each of the superalloy blocks. We believe that this occurred because enough oxidation had occurred on the surface of the parts as a result of a 1-month time period between sandblasting to prepare the parts and the actual bonding process. The other blocks were, therefore, bonded within 1 day of preparing the parts for bonding, and their joints appear strong. Scanning electron microscopy analyses of representative joints showed that no zinc remained in the alloys after bonding. Also, phases rich in hafnium and tantalum had precipitated near the bond line in the APMT. Iron from the APMT had diffused into the superalloys during bonding, more extensively in the CM247LC than in the Rene 80. Nickel from the superalloys had diffused into the APMT, again more extensively in the joint with the CM247LC than with the Rene 80. One-inch-diameter buttons were machined from each of the bonded blocks and sent to Siemens for standard oxidation, spallation, and corrosion testing, which should be complete in the spring of 2016.« less

Lesser Antillean Arc Initiation and Migration as a Proxy of Slab Dynamics: Geothermochronology, Thermobarometry and Structure of Saint Martin Granodiorites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Noury, M.; Münch, P.; Philippon, M. M.; Bernet, M.; Bruguier, O.; Balvay, M.

2017-12-01

In subduction zones, volcanic arc initiation, cessation, migration and associated upper plate deformation -i.e faulting and vertical motions- reflect large-scale slab dynamics. At the northeastern edge of the Caribbean plate, the Greater Caribbean subduction zone waned out during the Mid Eocene, following the subduction of the Bahamas bank. This arc cessation was contemporaneous with (i) a plate boundary re-organization (evolving from subduction to transform), (ii) upper plate deformation and (iii) arc initiation in the Lesser Antilles. As part of the GAARANTI project that aims at unraveling the relationships between the evolution of terrestrial Caribbean biodiversity and vertical motions resulting from the Lesser Antilles subduction zone dynamic, we study the Saint Martin granodiorites, one of the two Oligocene plutons outcropping in the Lesser Antillean forearc. We investigate the birth and evolution of the Lesser Antillean arc and its thermo-mechanical impact on the Caribbean upper plate. In order to characterize the P,T,t path of the pluton we performed several thermochronological analyses covering a wide range of temperature (U-Pb on zircon -Tc 850°C, Ar/Ar on amphibole -Tc 550°C- and biotite -Tc 325°C-, zircon and apatite fission-tracks -Tc 250 and 110°C, respectively as well as U-Th/He on apatite -Tc 60°C) coupled with in-situ thermobarometry analyses (Al in hornblendes) and structural data. Geochronology and thermobarometry reveal that the granodiorites emplaced at ca. 28 Ma, at a depth of 5 km. Based on the age difference between amphibole and biotite Ar/Ar ages, we show that the northern pluton cooled faster than the southern one. Preliminary thermochronological results show a fast cooling between 29 and 25 Ma and then a continuous and slow cooling since 25 Ma and inverse modeling points to a 10 Ma cooling event. Our investigations give insights on the thermo-mechanical evolution of the arc-forearc region of the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. Considering a mean high of 1200m for the volcanic edifice, the pluton emplaced at shallow depth (ca. 4 km) within the Caribbean plate. The pluton is bounded by N-S faults that could possibly be responsible for the 10 Ma exhumation event. This thermal event may be contemporaneous with the westward arc migration during Miocene times and may reflect slab flattening.

Steel shear strength of anchors with stand-off base plates.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

Sign and signal structures are often connected to concrete foundations through a stand-off annular base plate with a double-nut anchor bolt connection, which leaves exposed anchor bolt lengths below leveling nuts used in these connections. Cantilever...

Method and system for ultra-precision positioning

DOEpatents

Montesanti, Richard C.; Locke, Stanley F.; Thompson, Samuel L.

2005-01-11

An apparatus and method is disclosed for ultra-precision positioning. A slide base provides a foundational support. A slide plate moves with respect to the slide base along a first geometric axis. Either a ball-screw or a piezoelectric actuator working separate or in conjunction displaces the slide plate with respect to the slide base along the first geometric axis. A linking device directs a primary force vector into a center-line of the ball-screw. The linking device consists of a first link which directs a first portion of the primary force vector to an apex point, located along the center-line of the ball-screw, and a second link for directing a second portion of the primary force vector to the apex point. A set of rails, oriented substantially parallel to the center-line of the ball-screw, direct movement of the slide plate with respect to the slide base along the first geometric axis and are positioned such that the apex point falls within a geometric plane formed by the rails. The slide base, the slide plate, the ball-screw, and the linking device together form a slide assembly. Multiple slide assemblies can be distributed about a platform. In such a configuration, the platform may be raised and lowered, or tipped and tilted by jointly or independently displacing the slide plates.

Ultra-precision positioning assembly

DOEpatents

Montesanti, Richard C.; Locke, Stanley F.; Thompson, Samuel L.

2002-01-01

An apparatus and method is disclosed for ultra-precision positioning. A slide base provides a foundational support. A slide plate moves with respect to the slide base along a first geometric axis. Either a ball-screw or a piezoelectric actuator working separate or in conjunction displaces the slide plate with respect to the slide base along the first geometric axis. A linking device directs a primary force vector into a center-line of the ball-screw. The linking device consists of a first link which directs a first portion of the primary force vector to an apex point, located along the center-line of the ball-screw, and a second link for directing a second portion of the primary force vector to the apex point. A set of rails, oriented substantially parallel to the center-line of the ball-screw, direct movement of the slide plate with respect to the slide base along the first geometric axis and are positioned such that the apex point falls within a geometric plane formed by the rails. The slide base, the slide plate, the ball-screw, and the linking device together form a slide assembly. Multiple slide assemblies can be distributed about a platform. In such a configuration, the platform may be raised and lowered, or tipped and tilted by jointly or independently displacing the slide plates.

Hypervelocity impact on shielded plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, James P.

1993-01-01

A ballistic limit equation for hypervelocity impact on thin plates is derived analytically. This equation applies to cases of impulsive impact on a plate that is protected by a multi-shock shield, and it is valid in the range of velocity above 6 km/s. Experimental tests were conducted at the NASA Johnson Space Center on square aluminum plates. Comparing the center deflections of these plates with the theoretical deflections of a rigid-plastic plate subjected to a blast load, one determines the dynamic yield strength of the plate material. The analysis is based on a theory for the expansion of the fragmented projectile and on a simple failure criterion. Curves are presented for the critical projectile radius versus the projectile velocity, and for the critical plate thickness versus the velocity. These curves are in good agreement with curves that have been generated empirically.

The temporal bones from Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). A phylogenetic approach.

PubMed

Martínez, I; Arsuaga, J L

1997-01-01

Three well-preserved crania and 22 temporal bones were recovered from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site up to and including the 1994 field season. This is the largest sample of hominid temporal bones known from a single Middle Pleistocene site and it offers the chance to characterize the temporal bone morphology of an European Middle Pleistocene population and to study the phylogenetic relationships of the SH sample with other Upper and Middle Pleistocene hominids. We have carried out a cladistic analysis based on nine traits commonly used in phylogenetic analysis of Middle and Late Pleistocene hominids: shape of the temporal squama superior border, articular eminence morphology, contribution of the sphenoid bone to the median glenoid wall, postglenoid process projection, tympanic plate orientation, presence of the styloid process, mastoid process projection, digastric groove morphology and anterior mastoid tubercle. We have found two autapomorphies on the Home erectus temporal bone: strong reduction of the postglenoid process and absence of the styloid process. Modern humans, Neandertals and the Middle Pleistocene fossils from Europe and Africa constitute a clade characterized by a convex superior border of the temporal squama. The European Middle Pleistocene fossils from Sima de los Huesos, Petralona, Steinheim, Bilzingsleben and Castel di Guido share a Neandertal apomorphy: a relatively flat articular eminence. The fossils from Ehringsdorf, La Chaise Suardi and Biache-Saint-Vaast also display another Neandertal derived trait: an anteriorly obliterated digastric groove. Modern humans and the African Middle Pleistocene fossils share a synapomorphy: a sagittally orientated tympanic plate.

The prototype cameras for trans-Neptunian automatic occultation survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Shiang-Yu; Ling, Hung-Hsu; Hu, Yen-Sang; Geary, John C.; Chang, Yin-Chang; Chen, Hsin-Yo; Amato, Stephen M.; Huang, Pin-Jie; Pratlong, Jerome; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Lehner, Matthew; Norton, Timothy; Jorden, Paul

2016-08-01

The Transneptunian Automated Occultation Survey (TAOS II) is a three robotic telescope project to detect the stellar occultation events generated by TransNeptunian Objects (TNOs). TAOS II project aims to monitor about 10000 stars simultaneously at 20Hz to enable statistically significant event rate. The TAOS II camera is designed to cover the 1.7 degrees diameter field of view of the 1.3m telescope with 10 mosaic 4.5k×2k CMOS sensors. The new CMOS sensor (CIS 113) has a back illumination thinned structure and high sensitivity to provide similar performance to that of the back-illumination thinned CCDs. Due to the requirements of high performance and high speed, the development of the new CMOS sensor is still in progress. Before the science arrays are delivered, a prototype camera is developed to help on the commissioning of the robotic telescope system. The prototype camera uses the small format e2v CIS 107 device but with the same dewar and also the similar control electronics as the TAOS II science camera. The sensors, mounted on a single Invar plate, are cooled to the operation temperature of about 200K as the science array by a cryogenic cooler. The Invar plate is connected to the dewar body through a supporting ring with three G10 bipods. The control electronics consists of analog part and a Xilinx FPGA based digital circuit. One FPGA is needed to control and process the signal from a CMOS sensor for 20Hz region of interests (ROI) readout.

Modal control of a plate using a fuzzy logic controller

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sharma, Manu; Singh, S. P.; Sachdeva, B. L.

2007-08-01

This paper presents fuzzy logic based independent modal space control (IMSC) and fuzzy logic based modified independent modal space control (MIMSC) of vibration. The rule base of the controller consists of nine rules, which have been derived based upon simple human reasoning. Input to the controller consists of the first two modal displacements and velocities of the structure and the output of the controller is the modal force to be applied by the actuator. Fuzzy logic is used in such a way that the actuator is never called to apply effort which is beyond safe limits and also the operator is saved from calculating control gains. The proposed fuzzy controller is experimentally tested for active vibration control of a cantilevered plate. A piezoelectric patch is used as a sensor to sense vibrations of the plate and another piezoelectric patch is used as an actuator to control vibrations of the plate. For analytical formulation, a finite element method based upon Hamilton's principle is used to model the plate. For experimentation, the first two modes of the plate are observed using a Kalman observer. Real-time experiments are performed to control the first mode, the second mode and both modes simultaneously. Experiments are also performed to control the first mode by IMSC, the second mode by IMSC and both modes simultaneously by MIMSC. It is found that for the same decibel reduction in the first mode, the voltage applied by the fuzzy logic based controller is less than that applied by IMSC. While controlling the second mode by IMSC, a considerable amount of spillover is observed in the first mode and region just after the second mode, whereas while controlling the second mode by fuzzy logic, spillover effects are much smaller. While controlling two modes simultaneously, with a single sensor/actuator pair, appreciable resonance control is observed both with fuzzy logic based MIMSC as well as with direct MIMSC, but there is a considerable amount of spillover in the off-resonance region. This may be due to the sub-optimal location and/or an insufficient number of actuators. So, another smart plate with two piezoelectric actuators and one piezoelectric sensor is considered. Piezoelectric patches are fixed in an area where modal strains are high. With this configuration of the smart plate, experiments are conducted to control the first three modes of the plate and it is found that spillover effects are greatly reduced.

Method of surface error visualization using laser 3D projection technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Lili; Li, Lijuan; Lin, Xuezhu

2017-10-01

In the process of manufacturing large components, such as aerospace, automobile and shipping industry, some important mold or stamped metal plate requires precise forming on the surface, which usually needs to be verified, if necessary, the surface needs to be corrected and reprocessed. In order to make the correction of the machined surface more convenient, this paper proposes a method based on Laser 3D projection system, this method uses the contour form of terrain contour, directly showing the deviation between the actually measured data and the theoretical mathematical model (CAD) on the measured surface. First, measure the machined surface to get the point cloud data and the formation of triangular mesh; secondly, through coordinate transformation, unify the point cloud data to the theoretical model and calculate the three-dimensional deviation, according to the sign (positive or negative) and size of the deviation, use the color deviation band to denote the deviation of three-dimensional; then, use three-dimensional contour lines to draw and represent every coordinates deviation band, creating the projection files; finally, import the projection files into the laser projector, and make the contour line projected to the processed file with 1:1 in the form of a laser beam, compare the Full-color 3D deviation map with the projection graph, then, locate and make quantitative correction to meet the processing precision requirements. It can display the trend of the machined surface deviation clearly.

Further investigation of surface velocity measurements for material characterization in laser shockwave experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, James A.; Lacy, Jeffrey M.; Scott, Clark L.; Benefiel, Bradley C.; Lévesque, Daniel; Monchalin, Jean-Pierre; Lord, Martin

2018-04-01

As part of the U.S. High Performance Research Reactor program, a laser shock test system is being developed by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to characterize interface strength in innovative plate fuel for research reactors around the world. The INL has been working with National Research Council Canada (NRC) on this project for the last five years. One of the concerns is the difficulty of calibrating and standardizing the laser shock technique. A recent analytical study and testing support the use of the Hugoniot Elastic Limit (HEL) in materials as a robust and simple benchmark to compare stresses generated by different laser shock systems. Using a non-contact laser velocimeter based on a solid Fabry-Perot etalon, the systems at NRC and INL show that the back-surface velocity reached at the HEL is consistent, and independent of the laser power used. In this work, the laser velocimeter of the NRC system is tested against a fast rotating wheel to verify accuracy and determine best operating conditions. A round robin test between the two laser shock systems on plates of different aluminum alloys is presented that shows the consistent characterization of the aluminum alloys based on the HEL velocities as well as determines the bias between the systems. The effects of setup parameters on other characteristics of the back-surface velocity trace and corresponding stress wave are also discussed.

Optimal design of the first stage of the plate-fin heat exchanger for the EAST cryogenic system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qingfeng, JIANG; Zhigang, ZHU; Qiyong, ZHANG; Ming, ZHUANG; Xiaofei, LU

2018-03-01

The size of the heat exchanger is an important factor determining the dimensions of the cold box in helium cryogenic systems. In this paper, a counter-flow multi-stream plate-fin heat exchanger is optimized by means of a spatial interpolation method coupled with a hybrid genetic algorithm. Compared with empirical correlations, this spatial interpolation algorithm based on a kriging model can be adopted to more precisely predict the Colburn heat transfer factors and Fanning friction factors of offset-strip fins. Moreover, strict computational fluid dynamics simulations can be carried out to predict the heat transfer and friction performance in the absence of reliable experimental data. Within the constraints of heat exchange requirements, maximum allowable pressure drop, existing manufacturing techniques and structural strength, a mathematical model of an optimized design with discrete and continuous variables based on a hybrid genetic algorithm is established in order to minimize the volume. The results show that for the first-stage heat exchanger in the EAST refrigerator, the structural size could be decreased from the original 2.200 × 0.600 × 0.627 (m3) to the optimized 1.854 × 0.420 × 0.340 (m3), with a large reduction in volume. The current work demonstrates that the proposed method could be a useful tool to achieve optimization in an actual engineering project during the practical design process.

Project Physics Handbook 5, Models of the Atom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA. Harvard Project Physics.

Five experiments and 19 activities are presented in this Unit 5 handbook. The experiments are related to electrolysis, charge-to-mass ratio, elementary charge determination, photoelectric effects, and spectroscopic analyses. The activities are concerned with Dalton's theory, water electrolysis, periodic tables, single-electron plating, cloud…

Enhanced microlithography using coated objectives and image duplication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Erdelyi, Miklos; Bor, Zsolt; Szabo, Gabor; Tittel, Frank K.

1998-06-01

Two processes were investigated theoretically using both a scalar wave optics model and a microlithography simulation tool (Solid-C). The first method introduces a phase- transmission filter into the exit pupil plane. The results of both the scalar optics calculation (aerial image) and the Solid-C simulation (resist image) show that the final image profile is optimum, when the exit pupil plane filter is divided into two zones with the inner zone having a phase retardation of (pi) rad with respect to the outer one and the ratio of the radii of the zones is 0.3. Using this optimized filter for the fabrication of isolated contact holes, the focus-exposure process window increases significantly, and the depth of focus (DOF) can be enhanced by a factor of 1.5 to 2. The second technique enhances the DOF of the aerial image by means of a birefringent plate inserted between the projection lens and the wafer. As the shift in focus introduced by the plate strongly depends on the refractive index, two focal points will appear when using a birefringent plate instead of an isotropic plate: the first one is created by the ordinary, and the second one is created by the extraordinary ray. The distance between these images can be controlled by the thickness of the plate. The results of the calculations show that application of a thin but strongly birefringent material is a better candidate than using a slightly birefringent but thick plate, since aberrations proportional to the thickness can cause undesirable effects.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 7: Module encapsulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cuddihy, E.; Coulbert, C.; Gupta, A.; Liang, R.

1986-10-01

The objective of the Encapsulation Task was to develop, demonstrate, and qualify photovoltaic (PV) module encapsulation systems that would provide 20 year (later decreased to 30 year) life expectancies in terrestrial environments, and which would be compatible with the cost and performance goals of the Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project. The scope of the Encapsulation Task included the identification, development, and evaluation of material systems and configurations required to support and protect the optically and electrically active solar cell circuit components in the PV module operating environment. Encapsulation material technologies summarized include the development of low cost ultraviolet protection techniques, stable low cost pottants, soiling resistant coatings, electrical isolation criteria, processes for optimum interface bonding, and analytical and experimental tools for evaluating the long term durability and structural adequacy of encapsulated modules. Field testing, accelerated stress testing, and design studies have demonstrated that encapsulation materials, processes, and configurations are available that meet the FSA cost and performance goals.

Flat-plate solar array project. Volume 7: Module encapsulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cuddihy, E.; Coulbert, C.; Gupta, A.; Liang, R.

1986-01-01

The objective of the Encapsulation Task was to develop, demonstrate, and qualify photovoltaic (PV) module encapsulation systems that would provide 20 year (later decreased to 30 year) life expectancies in terrestrial environments, and which would be compatible with the cost and performance goals of the Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project. The scope of the Encapsulation Task included the identification, development, and evaluation of material systems and configurations required to support and protect the optically and electrically active solar cell circuit components in the PV module operating environment. Encapsulation material technologies summarized include the development of low cost ultraviolet protection techniques, stable low cost pottants, soiling resistant coatings, electrical isolation criteria, processes for optimum interface bonding, and analytical and experimental tools for evaluating the long term durability and structural adequacy of encapsulated modules. Field testing, accelerated stress testing, and design studies have demonstrated that encapsulation materials, processes, and configurations are available that meet the FSA cost and performance goals.

Baltimore Harbor and Channels Deepening Study; Chesapeake Bay Hydraulic Model Investigation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-02-01

neap-spring salinity vari- ability. Stations within the Patapsco River (Plates 78-90), and the Magothy River station (MA-I-1, Plate 74), immediately...to-base salinity variations are found at upper bay stations above the constriction at range CB-4. Only Magothy River sta MA-l, and sta CB-7-1 have...Across the bay at the western shore Magothy River sta MA-I-I (Plate 74) no appreciable plan-to-base salinity differences are found, although during

Methods of Measuring Stress Relaxation in Composite Tape Springs

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-26

plate in order to spread the load evenly and prevent excess torque . The plate also allows for force on the tape spring to be applied to the entire...aluminum squares that can be tightened to the base. The test fixture is secured to the marble base. The tape springs are folded in three locations with...top plate is pressed down by tightening the bolt on each nut. The tightening is complete when the tape spring just begins to create an M shape and

Rare-earth metal oxide doped transparent mesoporous silica plates under non-aqueous condition as a potential UV sensor.

PubMed

Lee, Sang-Joon; Park, Sung Soo; Lee, Sang Hyun; Hong, Sang-Hyun; Ha, Chang-Sik

2013-11-01

Transparent mesoporous silica plates doped with rare-earth metal oxide were prepared using solvent-evaporation method based on the self-organization between structure-directing agent and silicate in a non-aqueous solvent. A triblock copolymer, Pluronic (F127 or P123), was used as the structure-directing agent, while tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was used as a silica source. The pore diameter and the surface area of the mesoporous silica plate prepared with the optimized conditions were ca 40 A and 600 m2 g(-1), respectively, for both structure-directing agent. Rare-earth metal oxides (Eu, Tb, Tm oxide) in mesochannel were formed via one-step synthetic route based on the preparation method of a silica plate. Optical properties of rare-earth metal oxide-doped mesoporous silica plates were investigated by UV irradiation and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Under the exitation wavelength of 254 nm, the doped mesoporous silica plates emitted red, green and blue for Eu, Tb and Tm oxides, respectively. Rare-earth metal oxide-doped mesoporous silica plates showed enhanced PL intensity compared to that of the bulk rare-earth metal oxide.

Development and Experimental Evaluation of Passive Fuel Cell Thermal Control

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colozza, Anthony J.; Jakupca, Ian J.; Castle, Charles H.; Burke, Kenneth A.

2014-01-01

To provide uniform cooling for a fuel cell stack, a cooling plate concept was evaluated. This concept utilized thin cooling plates to extract heat from the interior of a fuel cell stack and move this heat to a cooling manifold where it can be transferred to an external cooling fluid. The advantages of this cooling approach include a reduced number of ancillary components and the ability to directly utilize an external cooling fluid loop for cooling the fuel cell stack. A number of different types of cooling plates and manifolds were developed. The cooling plates consisted of two main types; a plate based on thermopyrolytic graphite (TPG) and a planar (or flat plate) heat pipe. The plates, along with solid metal control samples, were tested for both thermal and electrical conductivity. To transfer heat from the cooling plates to the cooling fluid, a number of manifold designs utilizing various materials were devised, constructed, and tested. A key aspect of the manifold was that it had to be electrically nonconductive so it would not short out the fuel cell stack during operation. Different manifold and cooling plate configurations were tested in a vacuum chamber to minimize convective heat losses. Cooling plates were placed in the grooves within the manifolds and heated with surface-mounted electric pad heaters. The plate temperature and its thermal distribution were recorded for all tested combinations of manifold cooling flow rates and heater power loads. This testing simulated the performance of the cooling plates and manifold within an operational fuel cell stack. Different types of control valves and control schemes were tested and evaluated based on their ability to maintain a constant temperature of the cooling plates. The control valves regulated the cooling fluid flow through the manifold, thereby controlling the heat flow to the cooling fluid. Through this work, a cooling plate and manifold system was developed that could maintain the cooling plates within a minimal temperature band with negligible thermal gradients over power profiles that would be experienced within an operating fuel cell stack.