Sample records for positive display rules
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Service without a smile: comparing the consequences of neutral and positive display rules.
Trougakos, John P; Jackson, Christine L; Beal, Daniel J
2011-03-01
We used an experimental design to examine the intrapersonal and interpersonal processes through which neutral display rules, compared to positive display rules, influence objective task performance of poll workers and ratings provided by survey respondents of the poll workers. Student participants (N = 140) were trained to adhere to 1 of the 2 display rule conditions while delivering opinion surveys to potential patrons of an organization during a 40-min period. Results showed that, compared to positive display rules, neutral display rules resulted in less task persistence and greater avoidance behavior. These effects were mediated through a greater use of expression suppression. In addition, neutral display rules resulted in less positive respondent mood, which accounted for lower ratings of service quality and of overall favorability attitudes toward the sponsoring organization. The importance and ubiquity of neutral display rules are discussed, given the potential for positive and negative consequences at work. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved.
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Emotional display rules and emotional labor: the moderating role of commitment.
Gosserand, Robin H; Diefendorff, James M
2005-11-01
The authors examined whether commitment to emotional display rules is a necessary condition for emotional display rules to affect behavior at work. Results using structural equation modeling revealed that display rule commitment moderated the relationships of emotional display rule perceptions with surface acting, deep acting, and positive affective delivery at work, such that the relationships were strong and positive when commitment to display rules was high and weak when commitment to display rules was low. These findings suggest that motivation plays a role in the emotional labor process in that individuals must be committed to display rules for these rules to affect behavior. ((c) 2005 APA, all rights reserved).
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McDowell, David J.; Parke, Ross D.
2005-01-01
Seventy-six fourth-grade children and their parents participated in a study of the linkages among parental control and positive affect, children's display rule use, and children's social competence with peers. Using observational measures of parental behavior and children's display rule use, it was found that parental positive affect and control…
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Service without a Smile: Comparing the Consequences of Neutral and Positive Display Rules
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trougakos, John P.; Jackson, Christine L.; Beal, Daniel J.
2011-01-01
We used an experimental design to examine the intrapersonal and interpersonal processes through which neutral display rules, compared to positive display rules, influence objective task performance of poll workers and ratings provided by survey respondents of the poll workers. Student participants (N = 140) were trained to adhere to 1 of the 2…
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Rouxel, Géraldine; Michinov, Estelle; Dodeler, Virginie
2016-10-01
Previous studies have demonstrated that geriatric care employees are exposed to a large number of factors that can affect their levels of job satisfaction and occupational stress. Although working with elderly people is emotionally demanding, little research has been done on the role played by perceptions of emotional display rules, alongside more traditional work characteristics and individual factors, in the prediction of geriatric care employees' wellbeing. The aim of the present study was to examine the role played by work characteristics (job demands, job control, emotional display rules) and individual (affectivity) factors to predict job satisfaction and burnout among French geriatric care nurses. Questionnaires were sent to 891 employees working in 32 geriatric care centers in France. A total of 371 valid questionnaires (response rate: 41.60%) were analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques. Results revealed two main processes of burnout and job satisfaction among women geriatric care workers, namely a salutogenic process and a pathogenic process. As expected, negative affectivity, low job status, perceived negative display rules and job demands are involved in the pathogenic process; while positive affectivity, perceived positive display rules and job control are implied in the salutogenic one. More specifically, as expected, negative affectivity is a positive predictor of burnout, both directly and indirectly through its impact on perceived negative display rules and job demands. Moreover, negative affectivity was negatively related to job satisfaction. Simultaneously, positive affectivity can predict job satisfaction, both directly and indirectly through its impact on perceived positive display rules and job control. Positive affectivity is also a negative predictor of burnout. Practical implications are discussed to support intervention programs that develop healthy workplaces, and also to inform nurses about how to manage emotional display rules in retirement homes. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Gender differences: emotional expression and feelings of personal inauthenticity.
Simpson, Patricia A; Stroh, Linda K
2004-08-01
This survey study examined the emotional expression content of human resources jobs and how the content varies by gender. On the basis of findings, it appeared that women more often conform to feminine display rules, which require the suppression of negative emotions and the simulation of positive emotions. In contrast, men more often adopted masculine display rules, which require the suppression of positive emotions and the simulation of negative ones. For both men and women, emotional dissonance generated by a feminine display-rule pattern was positively correlated with feelings of personal inauthenticity at work. Gender modified the relationship between emotional dissonance and gender only in that women who adopted the masculine display-rule pattern reported feeling the least personally inauthentic of all. (c) 2004 APA
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Christoforou, Paraskevi S; Ashforth, Blake E
2015-01-01
We argue that the strength with which the organization communicates expectations regarding the appropriate emotional expression toward customers (i.e., explicitness of display rules) has an inverted U-shaped relationship with service delivery behaviors, customer satisfaction, and sales performance. Further, we argue that service organizations need a particular blend of explicitness of display rules and role discretion for the purpose of optimizing sales performance. As hypothesized, findings from 2 samples of salespeople suggest that either high or low explicitness of display rules impedes service delivery behaviors and sales performance, which peaks at moderate explicitness of display rules and high role discretion. The findings also suggest that the explicitness of display rules has a positive relationship with customer satisfaction. (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved.
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Jones, D C; Abbey, B B; Cumberland, A
1998-08-01
The development of display rule knowledge and its associations with family expressiveness (Study 1) and peer competence (Study 2) were investigated among elementary school children. In Study 1, the display rule knowledge of 121 kindergartners and third graders was assessed using validated hypothetical scenarios. There were significant grade differences in display rule knowledge such that third graders compared to kindergartners more frequently combined expression regulation with prosocial reasoning, norm-maintenance, and self-protective motives. Maternal reports of family emotional climates indicated that aspects of negative expressiveness were related positively to self-protective display rules and negatively to prosocial display rules. Study 2 included 93 third and fifth graders who reported on their display rule knowledge and on their emotional reactions and strategies to resolve peer conflict. Classmates and teachers provided ratings on social competence. Age differences for display rule knowledge were not documented, but prosocial display rules were most consistently related to hypothetical peer conflict responses and social competence. The findings confirm that display rule knowledge is related in consistent and systematic ways to what children learn within the family emotional context, how they propose to resolve peer conflict, and how they are perceived by peers and teachers.
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Goldberg, Lori Sideman; Grandey, Alicia A
2007-07-01
"Service with a smile" is satisfying for the customer, but such display rules may be costly to the employee and the organization. Most previous research on such costs has used self-reported and cross-sectional designs. The authors use an experimental approach to test tenets of resource depletion theories; specifically, whether the self-regulation of emotions required by display rules depletes energy and attentional resources during a service encounter. Using a call center simulation with three "customer" interactions, the authors found that participants given positive display rules (e.g., be enthusiastic and hide frustration) reported more postsimulation exhaustion and made more errors on the order form compared to those with display autonomy. Customer hostility during one of the calls also increased exhaustion overall and the number of errors during that specific call, though proposed interactions with display rules were not supported. Surface-level emotion regulation, but not deep-level, was the mechanism for the energy depletion effect of display rules, while display rules had a direct effect on performance decrements. Theoretical and practical implications for display rules as part of job requirements are discussed. Copyright 2007 APA
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Using electronic data to predict the probability of true bacteremia from positive blood cultures.
Wang, S J; Kuperman, G J; Ohno-Machado, L; Onderdonk, A; Sandige, H; Bates, D W
2000-01-01
As part of a project to help physicians make more appropriate treatment decisions, we implemented a clinical prediction rule that computes the probability of true bacteremia for positive blood cultures and displays this information when culture results are viewed online. Prior to implementing the rule, we performed a revalidation study to verify the accuracy of the previously published logistic regression model. We randomly selected 114 cases of positive blood cultures from a recent one-year period and performed a paper chart review with the help of infectious disease experts to determine whether the cultures were true positives or contaminants. Based on the results of this revalidation study, we updated the probabilities reported by the model and made additional enhancements to improve the accuracy of the rule. Next, we implemented the rule into our hospital's laboratory computer system so that the probability information was displayed with all positive blood culture results. We displayed the prediction rule information on approximately half of the 2184 positive blood cultures at our hospital that were randomly selected during a 6-month period. During the study, we surveyed 54 housestaff to obtain their opinions about the usefulness of this intervention. Fifty percent (27/54) indicated that the information had influenced their belief of the probability of bacteremia in their patients, and in 28% (15/54) of cases it changed their treatment decision. Almost all (98% (53/54)) indicated that they wanted to continue receiving this information. We conclude that the probability information provided by this clinical prediction rule is considered useful to physicians when making treatment decisions.
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Relations between emotions, display rules, social motives, and facial behaviour.
Zaalberg, Ruud; Manstead, Antony; Fischer, Agneta
2004-02-01
We report research on the relations between emotions, display rules, social motives, and facial behaviour. In Study 1 we used a questionnaire methodology to examine how respondents would react to a funny or a not funny joke told to them by a close friend or a stranger. We assessed display rules and motivations for smiling and/or laughing. Display rules and social motives (partly) mediated the relationship between the experimental manipulations and self-reported facial behaviour. Study 2 was a laboratory experiment in which funny or not funny jokes were told to participants by a male or female stranger. Consistent with hypotheses, hearing a funny joke evoked a stronger motivation to share positive affect by showing longer Duchenne smiling. Contrary to hypotheses, a not funny joke did not elicit greater prosocial motivation by showing longer "polite" smiling, although such a smiling pattern did occur. Rated funniness of the joke and the motivation to share positive affect mediated the relationship between the joke manipulation and facial behaviour. Path analysis was used to explore this mediating process in greater detail.
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Rohrmann, Sonja; Bechtoldt, Myriam N; Hopp, Henrik; Hodapp, Volker; Zapf, Dieter
2011-07-01
In customer interactions, emotional display rules typically prescribe service providers to suppress negative emotions and display positive ones. This study investigated the causal impact of these emotional display rules on physiological indicators of workers' stress and performance. Additionally, the moderating influence of personality was examined by analyzing the impact of trait anger. In a simulated call center, 82 females were confronted with a complaining customer and instructed to react either authentically and show their true emotions or to "serve with a smile" and hide negative emotions. Increases in diastolic blood pressure and heart rates were higher in the smile condition, while verbal fluency was lower. Trait anger moderated the effects on diastolic blood pressure and observer ratings' of participants' professional competence, suggesting more negative effects for high trait anger individuals. Findings imply that emotional display rules may increase call center employees' strain and that considering employees' personality may be crucial for precluding health and performance impairments among call center workers.
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75 FR 37722 - Safety Zone; July Fireworks Display in Captain of the Port, Puget Sound AOR
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-30
...-AA00 Safety Zone; July Fireworks Display in Captain of the Port, Puget Sound AOR AGENCY: Coast Guard... rule established a temporary safety zone on the waters of Port Gardner Bay, Washington in support of... positioning of the display. The safety zone is necessary to protect the maritime public from dangers...
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Flicker, Sharon M; Ayoub, Haneen J S; Guynn, Melissa J
2017-05-05
This study investigates emotional display rules within the Palestinian context, focusing on the seven basic emotions in a sample of 150 college students from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Overall, participants felt that it was more appropriate to express positive emotions (happiness and surprise) than negative powerful (anger, contempt and disgust) or negative powerless (fear and sadness) emotions. They also perceived it to be more appropriate to express positive and negative powerless emotions to ingroup than outgroup members and to express negative powerful emotions to lower status compared to higher status individuals. Gender differences were also found: men endorsed greater expression of both powerful and, surprisingly, powerless emotions than women, but only when interacting with outgroup members. Results are interpreted in terms of the cultural values of individualism-collectivism and power distance as well as cultural differences in emotional expressiveness between collectivistic societies. This study is one of the first to examine emotional display rules in an Arab population, thus expanding our current knowledge base. © 2017 International Union of Psychological Science.
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Emotional display rules as work unit norms: a multilevel analysis of emotional labor among nurses.
Diefendorff, James M; Erickson, Rebecca J; Grandey, Alicia A; Dahling, Jason J
2011-04-01
Emotional labor theory has conceptualized emotional display rules as shared norms governing the expression of emotions at work. Using a sample of registered nurses working in different units of a hospital system, we provided the first empirical evidence that display rules can be represented as shared, unit-level beliefs. Additionally, controlling for the influence of dispositional affectivity, individual-level display rule perceptions, and emotion regulation, we found that unit-level display rules are associated with individual-level job satisfaction. We also showed that unit-level display rules relate to burnout indirectly through individual-level display rule perceptions and emotion regulation strategies. Finally, unit-level display rules also interacted with individual-level dispositional affectivity to predict employee use of emotion regulation strategies. We discuss how future research on emotional labor and display rules, particularly in the health care setting, can build on these findings.
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Lindebaum, Dirk; Jordan, Peter J; Morris, Lucy
2016-01-01
Recent studies have highlighted the utility of anger at work, suggesting that anger can have positive outcomes. Using the Dual Threshold Model, we assess the positive and negative consequences of anger expressions at work and focus on the conditions under which expressions of anger crossing the impropriety threshold are perceived as productive or counterproductive by observers or targets of that anger. To explore this phenomenon, we conducted a phenomenological study (n = 20) to probe the lived experiences of followers (as observers and targets) associated with anger expressions by military leaders. The nature of task (e.g. the display rules prescribed for combat situations) emerged as one condition under which the crossing of the impropriety threshold leads to positive outcomes of anger expressions. Our data reveal tensions between emotional display rules and emotional display norms in the military, thereby fostering paradoxical attitudes toward anger expression and its consequences among followers. Within this paradoxical space, anger expressions have both positive (asymmetrical) and negative (symmetrical) consequences. We place our findings in the context of the Dual Threshold Model, discuss the practical implications of our research and offer avenues for future studies. PMID:26900171
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Lindebaum, Dirk; Jordan, Peter J; Morris, Lucy
2016-02-01
Recent studies have highlighted the utility of anger at work, suggesting that anger can have positive outcomes. Using the Dual Threshold Model, we assess the positive and negative consequences of anger expressions at work and focus on the conditions under which expressions of anger crossing the impropriety threshold are perceived as productive or counterproductive by observers or targets of that anger. To explore this phenomenon, we conducted a phenomenological study ( n = 20) to probe the lived experiences of followers (as observers and targets) associated with anger expressions by military leaders. The nature of task (e.g. the display rules prescribed for combat situations) emerged as one condition under which the crossing of the impropriety threshold leads to positive outcomes of anger expressions. Our data reveal tensions between emotional display rules and emotional display norms in the military, thereby fostering paradoxical attitudes toward anger expression and its consequences among followers. Within this paradoxical space, anger expressions have both positive (asymmetrical) and negative (symmetrical) consequences. We place our findings in the context of the Dual Threshold Model, discuss the practical implications of our research and offer avenues for future studies.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-11-09
... position located on the east end of Bird Island, Wrightsville Beach, NC. * * * * * Dated: October 20, 2011... District, Wrightsville Beach, NC AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast... recurring fireworks display event that takes place at Wrightsville Beach, NC. Safety zone regulations are...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Slate, John R.; Jones, Craig H.
2003-01-01
Middle school boys at risk for behavior problems participated in an initiative (administered via an intramural basketball program) that taught positive skills and provided incentives for achieving academically and following rules. Participation depended on appropriate academic achievement and adherence to school rules. Participants displayed large…
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Display Rules for Anger and Aggression in School-Age Children.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Underwood, Marion K.; And Others
1992-01-01
Two studies examined the development of display rules for anger and the relationship between the use of display rules for anger and aggressiveness as rated by school peers. Findings indicate that the phenomenon of display rules for anger is complex and depends on the way display rules are defined and the age and gender of the subjects. (GLR)
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Australian Children's Understanding of Display Rules
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Choy, Grace
2009-01-01
Cultural display rules govern the manifestation of emotional expressions. In compliance with display rules, the facial expressions displayed (i.e. apparent emotion) may be incongruent with the emotion experienced (i.e. real emotion). This study investigates Australian Caucasian children's understanding of display rules. A sample of 80 four year…
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Begeer, Sander; Banerjee, Robin; Rieffe, Carolien; Terwogt, Mark Meerum; Potharst, Eva; Stegge, Hedy; Koot, Hans M
2011-08-01
Two studies examined the understanding and self-reported use of rules for the expressive display of emotions in children with high functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) and in typically developing children. In Study 1, children from the two groups reported display rules equally often when presented with hypothetical situations that provided clear motives for using display rules, although emotion-masking displays were more commonly identified for vignettes with prosocial rather than self-protective motives. In Study 2, children were interviewed about display rule use in real life. Children with HFASD reported display rules less often, included more prototypical examples, and referred less often to prosocial motives than typically developing children. Children with HFASD appear to be aware of display rules, but are less adept at identifying the interpersonal functions of such rules than their typically developing peers.
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Display rule "regulators": the relationship between supervisors and worker emotional exhaustion.
Wilk, Steffanie L; Moynihan, Lisa M
2005-09-01
This field study examined the effect of supervisory regulation of display rules--the rules about what kind of emotion to express on the job (R. Ekman, 1992; A. Rafaeli & R. I. Sutton, 1987)--on the emotional exhaustion of subordinates. On the basis of a sample of 940 call center employees, the authors found that worker emotional exhaustion varied across supervisors within jobs, suggesting that emotion work is influenced at the supervisory, rather than job, level. Moreover, the authors found that the importance supervisors place on interpersonal job demands of their workers was positively related to worker emotional exhaustion. Worker career identity moderated the interpersonal-job-demands--emotional-exhaustion relationship, but self-efficacy did not. Study conclusions and suggestions for future research are provided. Copyright 2005 APA, all rights reserved.
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Antecedents and consequences of emotional display rule perceptions.
Diefendorff, James M; Richard, Erin M
2003-04-01
Central to all theories of emotional labor is the idea that individuals follow emotional display rules that specify the appropriate expression of emotions on the job. This investigation examined antecedents and consequences of emotional display rule perceptions. Full-time working adults (N = 152) from a variety of occupations provided self-report data, and supervisors and coworkers completed measures pertaining to the focal employees. Results using structural equation modeling revealed that job-based interpersonal requirements, supervisor display rule perceptions, and employee extraversion and neuroticism were predictive of employee display rule perceptions. Employee display rule perceptions, in turn, were related to self-reported job satisfaction and coworker ratings of employees' emotional displays on the job. Finally, neuroticism had direct negative relationships with job satisfaction and coworker ratings of employees' emotional displays.
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Control/display trade-off study for single-pilot instrument flight rule operations
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hoh, R.
1983-01-01
The objectives were to determine minimum autopilot functions and displays required to keep pilot workload at an acceptable level; to determine what constitutes an acceptable level of workload; to identify critical tasks; and to suggest specific experiments required to refine conclusions. It was determined that workload relief is derived from basic stability augmentation; that complex autopilots can lead to serious blunders; and that displays need to enhance positional awareness and minimize the likelihood of false hypothesis.
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Display rules for anger and aggression in school-age children.
Underwood, M K; Coie, J D; Herbsman, C R
1992-04-01
2 related studies addressed the development of display rules for anger and the relation between use of display rules for anger and aggressiveness as rated by school peers. Third, fifth, and seventh graders (ages 8.4, 10.9, and 12.8, respectively) gave hypothetical responses to videotaped, anger provoking vignettes. Overall, regardless of how display rules were defined, subjects reported display rules more often with teachers than with peers for both facial expressions and actions. Reported masking of facial expressions of anger increased with age, but only with teachers. Girls reported masking of facial expressions of anger more than boys. There was a trend for aggressive subjects to invoke display rules for anger less than nonaggressive subjects. The phenomenon of display rules for anger is complex and dependent on the way display rules are defined and the age and gender of the subjects. Most of all, whether children say they would behave angrily seems to be determined by the social context for revealing angry feelings; children say they would express anger genuinely much more often with peers than with teachers.
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Departure from the onset-onset rule.
Chow, S L
1994-09-01
Using a signal-detection task, the generality of Turvey's (1973) onset-onset rule was tested in our experiments. After seeing, in succession, (1) one or two letters (target display), (2) a multiletter detection display, and (3) a mask display, subjects decided whether or not the letter or letters in the target display reappeared in the succeeding detection display at different levels of detection-display duration in various situations. The subjects' sensitivity was inconsistent with the onset-onset rule. More specifically, sensitivity increased with increases in display duration within a fixed stimulus onset asynchrony of 150 msec. Display duration, however, had no effect on response bias. Nor was there any interaction between display duration and display size in terms of either sensitivity or response bias. The more complicated relationship between display duration and display size does not invalidate the departure from the onset-onset rule.
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Dendritic position is a major determinant of presynaptic strength
de Jong, Arthur P.H.; Schmitz, Sabine K.; Toonen, Ruud F.G.
2012-01-01
Different regulatory principles influence synaptic coupling between neurons, including positional principles. In dendrites of pyramidal neurons, postsynaptic sensitivity depends on synapse location, with distal synapses having the highest gain. In this paper, we investigate whether similar rules exist for presynaptic terminals in mixed networks of pyramidal and dentate gyrus (DG) neurons. Unexpectedly, distal synapses had the lowest staining intensities for vesicular proteins vGlut, vGAT, Synaptotagmin, and VAMP and for many nonvesicular proteins, including Bassoon, Munc18, and Syntaxin. Concomitantly, distal synapses displayed less vesicle release upon stimulation. This dependence of presynaptic strength on dendritic position persisted after chronically blocking action potential firing and postsynaptic receptors but was markedly reduced on DG dendrites compared with pyramidal dendrites. These data reveal a novel rule, independent of neuronal activity, which regulates presynaptic strength according to dendritic position, with the strongest terminals closest to the soma. This gradient is opposite to postsynaptic gradients observed in pyramidal dendrites, and different cell types apply this rule to a different extent. PMID:22492722
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The research of selection model based on LOD in multi-scale display of electronic map
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Zhang, Jinming; You, Xiong; Liu, Yingzhen
2008-10-01
This paper proposes a selection model based on LOD to aid the display of electronic map. The ratio of display scale to map scale is regarded as a LOD operator. The categorization rule, classification rule, elementary rule and spatial geometry character rule of LOD operator setting are also concluded.
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Matsumoto, David; Yoo, Seung Hee; Hirayama, Satoko; Petrova, Galina
2005-03-01
As one component of emotion regulation, display rules, which reflect the regulation of expressive behavior, have been the topic of many studies. Despite their theoretical and empirical importance, however, to date there is no measure of display rules that assesses a full range of behavioral responses that are theoretically possible when emotion is elicited. This article reports the development of a new measure of display rules that surveys 5 expressive modes: expression, deamplification, amplification, qualification, and masking. Two studies provide evidence for its internal and temporal reliability and for its content, convergent, discriminant, external, and concurrent predictive validity. Additionally, Study 1, involving American, Russian, and Japanese participants, demonstrated predictable cultural differences on each of the expressive modes. Copyright 2005 APA, all rights reserved.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McDowell, David J.; O'Neil, Robin; Parke, Ross D.
2000-01-01
Examined associations among emotion display rule use, negative emotional reactivity, and fourth-graders' social competence. Found negative relation between self-reported negative emotional coping strategies and observed measures of display rule use. Found children who reported using more effective coping strategies for managing negative emotions…
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Children's Knowledge of Display Rules for Emotional Expression and Control.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Doubleday, Catherine; And Others
An important task for children is to acquire their culture's rules for emotional display. Accurate knowledge of display rules prescribing, for example, safe targets for anger or indelicate situations for excitement helps regulate expressive behavior and mediate the impact of emotional expression on the self and others. In this study, children's…
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-21
...; facilitate the display of customer limit orders under FINRA Rule 6460 (Display of Customer Limit Orders); \\4... the Commission to evaluate the impact of the proposed pilot on the over-the-counter (``OTC'') equity... tiers, facilitate the display of customer limit orders under FINRA Rule 6460,\\15\\ and expand the Rule's...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-07
... not be displayed,\\3\\ a change that will improve system and inter-market price stability. The display... Delay the Implementation Date of Non-Display of Primary Pegged Orders With an Offset Amount August 1... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes a rule change to delay the implementation date for its rule...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-04-05
... for non-display of Primary Pegged Orders with an offset amount. The text of the proposed rule change... Exchange's current rule, Midpoint Pegged Orders are not displayed, while Primary and Market Pegged Orders... ``quote flickering.'' A rule change to eliminate display of Primary Pegged Orders with an offset amount...
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Naito, Mika; Seki, Yoshimi
2009-01-01
To investigate the relation between cognitive and affective social understanding, Japanese 4- to 8-year-olds received tasks of first- and second-order false beliefs and prosocial and self-presentational display rules. From 6 to 8 years, children comprehended display rules, as well as second-order false belief, using social pressures justifications decreasingly and motivational justifications with embedded perspectives increasingly with age. Although not related to either type of display across ages, second-order tasks were associated with both types of display tasks only at 8 years when examined in each age group. Results suggest that children base their second-order theory of mind and display rules understanding on distinct reasoning until middle childhood, during which time the originally distinct aspects of social understanding are integrated.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Naito, Mika; Seki, Yoshimi
2009-01-01
To investigate the relation between cognitive and affective social understanding, Japanese 4- to 8-year-olds received tasks of first- and second-order false beliefs and prosocial and self-presentational display rules. From 6 to 8 years, children comprehended display rules, as well as second-order false belief, using social pressures justifications…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Novin, Sheida; Banerjee, Robin; Dadkhah, Asghar; Rieffe, Carolien
2009-01-01
Sociocultural differences in children's use and understanding of emotional display rules have been under-researched. In the present study, 56 Dutch and 56 Iranian children aged 10-11 years took part in a structured interview about their experiences of using emotional display rules. In comparison with the Dutch children, the Iranian sample was more…
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-08-01
... Change To Amend EDGA Rule 11.5(c)(8) Regarding the Description of the Non-Displayed Order Type July 26... description of the Non-Displayed order type. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange... Rule 11.5(c)(8) states, in part, that for a Non-Displayed order, ``the System \\3\\ shall not accept a...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-10-04
... coordinates for four of the fireworks displays. This rule changes the coordinates listed for four displays to...-AA00 Safety Zones; Annual Firework Displays Within the Captain of the Port, Puget Sound Area of Responsibility AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is amending our regulations...
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Children's Understanding of Verbal and Facial Display Rules
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gnepp, Jackie; Hess, Debra L. R.
1986-01-01
First-, third-, fifth-, and tenth-grade children listened to eight stories designed to elicit prosocial or self-protective display rules. Children predicted protagonists' verbal and facial expressions to emotion-laden situations. Findings indicated knowledge of control of emotional displays increases between first and fifth grades, but then levels…
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Understanding how animal groups achieve coordinated movement
Herbert-Read, J. E.
2016-01-01
ABSTRACT Moving animal groups display remarkable feats of coordination. This coordination is largely achieved when individuals adjust their movement in response to their neighbours' movements and positions. Recent advancements in automated tracking technologies, including computer vision and GPS, now allow researchers to gather large amounts of data on the movements and positions of individuals in groups. Furthermore, analytical techniques from fields such as statistical physics now allow us to identify the precise interaction rules used by animals on the move. These interaction rules differ not only between species, but also between individuals in the same group. These differences have wide-ranging implications, affecting how groups make collective decisions and driving the evolution of collective motion. Here, I describe how trajectory data can be used to infer how animals interact in moving groups. I give examples of the similarities and differences in the spatial and directional organisations of animal groups between species, and discuss the rules that animals use to achieve this organisation. I then explore how groups of the same species can exhibit different structures, and ask whether this results from individuals adapting their interaction rules. I then examine how the interaction rules between individuals in the same groups can also differ, and discuss how this can affect ecological and evolutionary processes. Finally, I suggest areas of future research. PMID:27707862
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Knowledge of display rules in prelingually deaf and hearing children.
Hosie, J A; Russell, P A; Gray, C D; Scott, C; Hunter, N; Banks, J S; Macaulay, M C
2000-03-01
Deaf children of elementary and secondary school age participated in a study designed to examine their understanding of display rules, the principles governing the expression and concealment of emotion in social situations. The results showed that deaf children's knowledge of display rules, as measured by their reported concealment of emotion, was comparable to that of hearing children of the same age. However, deaf children were less likely to report that they would conceal happiness and anger. They were also less likely to produce reasons for concealing emotion and a smaller proportion of their reasons were prosocial, that is, relating to the feelings of others. The results suggest that the understanding of display rules (which function to protect the feelings of other people) may develop more gradually in deaf children raised in a spoken language environment than it does in hearing children.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-16
... program. The heading for this rule displayed a RIN number of 2506-AC29, which was incorrect. RIN number.... ACTION: Interim rule; correction. SUMMARY: The document advises that the interim rule for the Emergency Solutions Grants program, published on December 5, 2011, displayed an incorrect RIN number. This document...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-05-16
... Change Establishing Non- Display Usage Fees and Amending the Professional End-User Fees for NYSE Arca... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes to establish non-display usage fees and to amend the... Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange proposes to establish non-display usage fees and to amend the...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-07
... offset amount will not be displayed,\\3\\ a change to improve system and inter-market price stability. The... Change To Delay the Implementation of Non-Display of Primary Pegged Orders With an Offset Amount August 1... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes a rule change to delay the implementation date for its rule...
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78 FR 41844 - Safety Zone; Fairfield Estates Fireworks Display, Atlantic Ocean, Sagaponack, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-12
... Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety... fireworks display. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the... rule is effective from 8:30 p.m. August 1, 2013, until 10:30 p.m. on August 2, 2013. This rule will be...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-02-05
... proposes to add three new fireworks events and to correct the location of five existing events to ensure... display locations have been added to area, and the title of the rule does not accurately reflect what is.... This rule proposes to add the following firework displays: Port Ludlow Fireworks, latitude 47[deg] 55...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-12-07
... BATS Options Book at its displayed price. The non- displayed price of the Market Maker Price Improving Order would not be entered into the BATS Options Book, but would be, along with its displayed size... book processing requirements of Rule 21.8 and, if applicable, processed in accordance with the order...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... TRANSPORTATION RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION, INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Interlocking Rules and Instructions... derail and displaying an aspect indicating stop cannot be operated to display a less restrictive aspect...
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Domain repertoires as a tool to derive protein recognition rules.
Zucconi, A; Panni, S; Paoluzi, S; Castagnoli, L; Dente, L; Cesareni, G
2000-08-25
Several approaches, some of which are described in this issue, have been proposed to assemble a complete protein interaction map. These are often based on high throughput methods that explore the ability of each gene product to bind any other element of the proteome of the organism. Here we propose that a large number of interactions can be inferred by revealing the rules underlying recognition specificity of a small number (a few hundreds) of families of protein recognition modules. This can be achieved through the construction and characterization of domain repertoires. A domain repertoire is assembled in a combinatorial fashion by allowing each amino acid position in the binding site of a given protein recognition domain to vary to include all the residues allowed at that position in the domain family. The repertoire is then searched by phage display techniques with any target of interest and from the primary structure of the binding site of the selected domains one derives rules that are used to infer the formation of complexes between natural proteins in the cell.
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Spontaneous Regulation of Emotions in Preschool Children Who Stutter: Preliminary Findings
Johnson, Kia N.; Walden, Tedra A.; Conture, Edward G.; Karrass, Jan
2013-01-01
Purpose Emotional regulation of preschool children who do (CWS) and do not stutter (CWNS) was assessed using a disappointing gift (DG) procedure (Cole, 1986; Saarni, 1984, 1992). Method Participants consisted of 16 3- to 5-year-old CWS and CWNS (11 boys and 5 girls in each talker group). After assessing each child’s knowledge of display rules about socially-appropriate expression of emotions, children participated in a DG procedure and received a desirable gift preceding a free-play task and a disappointing gift preceding a second free-play task. Dependent variables consisted of participants’ positive and negative expressive nonverbal behaviors exhibited during receipt of a desirable gift and disappointing gift, as well as conversational speech disfluencies exhibited following receipt of each gift. Results Findings indicated that CWS and CWNS exhibited no significant differences in amount of positive emotional expressions after receiving the desired gift; however, CWS, when compared to CWNS, exhibited more negative emotional expressions after receiving the undesirable gift. Furthermore, CWS were more disfluent after receiving the desired gift when compared to receiving the disappointing gift. Ancillary findings also indicated that CWS and CWNS had equivalent knowledge of display rules. Conclusion Findings suggest that efforts to concurrently regulate emotional behaviors and (non)stutterings may be problematic for preschool-age CWS. PMID:20643793
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-04-08
... Proposed Rule Change To Establish Non-Display Usage Fees for NYSE OpenBook, NYSE Trades, and NYSE BBO and a... Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes to establish non-display usage fees... establish non-display usage fees for NYSE OpenBook, NYSE Trades, and NYSE BBO and a redistribution fee for...
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Understanding how animal groups achieve coordinated movement.
Herbert-Read, J E
2016-10-01
Moving animal groups display remarkable feats of coordination. This coordination is largely achieved when individuals adjust their movement in response to their neighbours' movements and positions. Recent advancements in automated tracking technologies, including computer vision and GPS, now allow researchers to gather large amounts of data on the movements and positions of individuals in groups. Furthermore, analytical techniques from fields such as statistical physics now allow us to identify the precise interaction rules used by animals on the move. These interaction rules differ not only between species, but also between individuals in the same group. These differences have wide-ranging implications, affecting how groups make collective decisions and driving the evolution of collective motion. Here, I describe how trajectory data can be used to infer how animals interact in moving groups. I give examples of the similarities and differences in the spatial and directional organisations of animal groups between species, and discuss the rules that animals use to achieve this organisation. I then explore how groups of the same species can exhibit different structures, and ask whether this results from individuals adapting their interaction rules. I then examine how the interaction rules between individuals in the same groups can also differ, and discuss how this can affect ecological and evolutionary processes. Finally, I suggest areas of future research. © 2016. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.
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The contribution of self-deceptive enhancement to display rules in the United States and Japan.
Chung, Joanne M
2012-03-01
Socially desirable responding was tested as a mediator of American and Japanese college student differences in display rules. Americans endorsed the expression of anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, and surprise more than the Japanese. Americans also exhibited more self-deceptive enhancement than the Japanese, and self-deceptive enhancement partially mediated country differences on the endorsement of anger, disgust, happiness, and surprise, but not contempt and fear. These findings highlight the role of self-deceptive enhancement in contributing to expressive display rules and support the point of view that socially desirable responding is a reflection of one's personality and culture rather than a statistical nuisance.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jones, Diane Carlson; Cumberland, Amanda; Abbey, Belynda Bowling
1998-01-01
Two studies investigated emotional-display-rule knowledge and its associations with family expressiveness and peer competence. Findings indicated that third graders combined expression regulation with prosocial reasoning, norm-maintenance, and self-protective motives more frequently than kindergartners. Negative expressiveness was related…
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-03-07
..., Modifications and Rulings: Certain Consumer Electronics and Display Devices and Products Containing Same AGENCY... the sale within the United States after importation of certain consumer electronics devices and..., Washington; LG Electronics, Inc. of Seoul, South Korea; LG Electronics, Mobilecomm U.S.A., Inc. of San Diego...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-04-05
... Primary Pegged Orders with an offset amount will never be displayed. The text of the proposed rule change.... Under the Exchange's current rule, Midpoint Pegged Orders are not displayed, while Primary and Market... messaging and ``quote flickering.'' A [[Page 20672
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14 CFR 105.19 - Parachute operations between sunset and sunrise.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES PARACHUTE OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 105.19... between sunset and sunrise, unless the person or object descending from the aircraft displays a light that... be displayed from the time that the person or object is under a properly functioning open parachute...
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32 CFR 707.1 - Purpose of regulations.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NAVIGATION SPECIAL RULES WITH... displayed by them may be special lights for naval purposes. When used, they may be displayed simultaneously... Collisions at Sea, 1972, or the Inland Navigational Rules. The lights are located and characterized in such a...
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System and method for creating expert systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hughes, Peter M. (Inventor); Luczak, Edward C. (Inventor)
1998-01-01
A system and method provides for the creation of a highly graphical expert system without the need for programming in code. An expert system is created by initially building a data interface, defining appropriate Mission, User-Defined, Inferred, and externally-generated GenSAA (EGG) data variables whose data values will be updated and input into the expert system. Next, rules of the expert system are created by building appropriate conditions of the rules which must be satisfied and then by building appropriate actions of rules which are to be executed upon corresponding conditions being satisfied. Finally, an appropriate user interface is built which can be highly graphical in nature and which can include appropriate message display and/or modification of display characteristics of a graphical display object, to visually alert a user of the expert system of varying data values, upon conditions of a created rule being satisfied. The data interface building, rule building, and user interface building are done in an efficient manner and can be created without the need for programming in code.
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A rule-based expert system for generating control displays at the Advanced Photon Source
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Coulter, Karen J.
1994-12-01
The integration of a rule-based expert system for generating screen displays for controlling and monitoring instrumentation under the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) is presented. The expert system is implemented using CLIPS, an expert system shell from the Software Technology Branch at Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. The user selects the hardware input and output to be displayed and the expert system constructs a graphical control screen appropriate for the data. Such a system provides a method for implementing a common look and feel for displays created by several different users and reduces the amount of time required to create displays for new hardware configurations. Users are able to modify the displays as needed using the EPICS display editor tool.
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The contribution of self-deceptive enhancement to display rules in the United States and Japan
Chung, Joanne M.
2012-01-01
Socially desirable responding was tested as a mediator of American and Japanese college student differences in display rules. Americans endorsed the expression of anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, and surprise more than the Japanese. Americans also exhibited more self-deceptive enhancement than the Japanese, and self-deceptive enhancement partially mediated country differences on the endorsement of anger, disgust, happiness, and surprise, but not contempt and fear. These findings highlight the role of self-deceptive enhancement in contributing to expressive display rules and support the point of view that socially desirable responding is a reflection of one’s personality and culture rather than a statistical nuisance. PMID:25400501
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Predictor symbology in computer-generated pictorial displays
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Grunwald, A. J.
1981-01-01
The display under investigation, is a tunnel display for the four-dimensional commercial aircraft approach-to-landing under instrument flight rules. It is investigated whether more complex predictive information such as a three-dimensional perspective vehicle symbol, predicting the future vehicle position as well as future vehicle attitude angles, contributes to a better system response, and suitable predictor laws for the predictor motions, are formulated. Methods for utilizing the predictor symbol in controlling the forward velocity of the aircraft in four-dimensional approaches, are investigated. The simulator tests show, that the complex perspective vehicle symbol yields improved damping in the lateral response as compared to a flat two-dimensional predictor cross, but yields generally larger vertical deviations. Methods of using the predictor symbol in controlling the forward velocity of the vehicle are shown to be effective. The tunnel display with superimposed perspective vehicle symbol yields very satisfactory results and pilot acceptance in the lateral control but is found to be unsatisfactory in the vertical control, as a result of too large vertical path-angle deviations.
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The ABCs of Writing a Technical Glossary.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gray, Evie; Ingram, William; Bodson, Dennis
1998-01-01
Explains format, style rules, and lexicographic conventions that improve clarity and precision in a technical glossary. Discusses general rules, rules of style, rules of grammar and syntax, and rules for figures. Describes the computer display techniques and file management system used to develop such a glossary. (SR)
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78 FR 60334 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-10-01
...'') for extension and approval. Rule 201 is a short sale-related circuit breaker rule that, if triggered... trading centers do not execute or display any impermissibly priced short sale orders, unless an order is... or display a short sale order without regard to whether the short sale order is at a price that is...
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75 FR 18056 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Patuxent River, Solomons Island Harbor, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-09
..., DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone... necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during a fireworks display launched from... protect the maritime public in a portion of Solomons Island Harbor. DATES: This rule is effective from 7...
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Learning Display Rules: The Socialization of Emotion Expression in Infancy.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Malatesta, Carol Zander; Haviland, Jeannette M.
1982-01-01
Develops a methodology for studying emotion socialization and examines the synchrony of mother and infant expressions to determine whether "instruction" in display rules is underway in early infancy and what the short-term effects of such instruction on infant expression might be. Sixty dyads were videotaped during play and reunion after brief…
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39 CFR 3001.117 - Posting of documents by Postal Service for inspection by affected postal patrons.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... PERSONNEL RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Rules Applicable to Appeals of Postal Service Determinations To... cause to be displayed prominently, in the post office or offices serving the patrons affected by the... display prominently any such document shall be deemed sufficient reason to suspend the effectiveness of...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parker, Elizabeth H.; Hubbard, Julie A.; Ramsden, Sally R.; Relyea, Nicole; Dearing, Karen F.; Smithmyer, Catherine M.; Schimmel, Kelly D.
2001-01-01
Examined correspondence between second-graders' use and knowledge of anger display rules. Found that children's responses were moderately related across two contexts. Following live interactions, compared to hypothetical vignettes, children reported feeling and expressing less anger, intending to hide their anger more, and dissembling their anger…
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Spontaneous regulation of emotions in preschool children who stutter: preliminary findings.
Johnson, Kia N; Walden, Tedra A; Conture, Edward G; Karrass, Jan
2010-12-01
Emotional regulation of preschool children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS) was assessed through use of a disappointing gift (DG) procedure (P. M. Cole, 1986; C. Saarni, 1984, 1992). Participants consisted of 16 CWS and CWNS (11 boys and 5 girls in each talker group) who were 3 to 5 years of age. After assessing each child's knowledge of display rules about socially appropriate expression of emotions, the authors asked the children to participate in a DG procedure. The children received a desirable gift preceding the first free-play task and a disappointing gift preceding a second free-play task. Dependent variables consisted of participants' positive and negative expressive nonverbal behaviors exhibited during receipt of a desirable gift and disappointing gift as well as conversational speech disfluencies exhibited following receipt of each gift. Findings indicated that CWS and CWNS exhibited no significant differences in amount of positive emotional expressions after receiving the desired gift; however, CWS--when compared with CWNS--exhibited more negative emotional expressions after receiving the undesirable gift. Furthermore, CWS were more disfluent after receiving the desired gift than after receiving the disappointing gift. Ancillary findings also indicated that CWS and CWNS had equivalent knowledge of display rules. Findings suggest that efforts to concurrently regulate emotional behaviors and that speech disfluencies may be problematic for preschool-age CWS.
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Zhu, Zhuoying; Ho, Samuel M Y; Bonanno, George A
2013-01-01
Despite being challenged for their ecological validity, studies of emotion perception have often relied on static, posed expressions. One of the key reasons is that dynamic, spontaneous expressions are difficult to control because of the existence of display rules and frequent co-occurrence of non-emotion related facial movements. The present study investigated cross-cultural patterns in the perception of emotion using an expressive regulation paradigm for generating facial expressions. The paradigm largely balances out the competing concerns for ecological and internal validity. Americans and Hong Kong Chinese (expressors) were presented with positively and negatively valenced pictures and were asked to enhance, suppress, or naturally display their facial expressions according to their subjective emotions. Videos of naturalistic and dynamic expressions of emotions were rated by Americans and Hong Kong Chinese (judges) for valence and intensity. The 2 cultures agreed on the valence and relative intensity of emotion expressions, but cultural differences were observed in absolute intensity ratings. The differences varied between positive and negative expressions. With positive expressions, ratings were higher when there was a cultural match between the expressor and the judge and when the expression was enhanced by the expressor. With negative expressions, Chinese judges gave higher ratings than their American counterparts for Chinese expressions under all 3 expressive conditions, and the discrepancy increased with expression intensity; no cultural differences were observed when American expressions were judged. The results were discussed with respect to the "decoding rules" and "same-culture advantage" approaches of emotion perception and a negativity bias in the Chinese collective culture.
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77 FR 35852 - Safety Zones; Multiple Firework Displays in Captain of the Port, Puget Sound Zone
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-15
... 13045, Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks. This rule is not an economically significant rule and does not create an environmental risk to health or risk to safety that may... 1625-AA00 Safety Zones; Multiple Firework Displays in Captain of the Port, Puget Sound Zone AGENCY...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-10-22
... Change To Amend its Rules To Clarify the Handling of Zero Displayed Reserve Orders During Crossed Markets...) clarify that the Exchange's trading system (the ``System'' \\3\\) will not execute a Zero Display Reserve.... Purpose The Exchange is proposing to amend its rules to clarify that the System will not execute Zero...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-09-09
... Rules 104 and 1000. In addition, the Exchange implemented a system change that allowed DMMs to create a... with interest and provide price improvement to orders in the Exchange's system. This schedule is known.... \\12\\ The Display Book system is an order management and execution facility. The Display Book system...
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75 FR 51379 - Safety Zone; Celebrate Erie, Presque Isle Bay, Erie, PA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-08-20
... display. DATES: This rule is effective from 9:30 p.m. until 10:30 p.m. on August 22, 2010. ADDRESSES...: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on Presque Isle Bay... Presque Isle Bay in Erie, PA during the Celebrate Erie fireworks display, August 22, 2010. This temporary...
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Stressful Demands or Helpful Guidance? The Role of Display Rules in Indian Call Centers
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Little, Laura M.; Nelson, Debra L.; Quade, Matthew J.; Ward, Andrew
2011-01-01
This paper utilizes conservation of resources (COR) theory and two of Hofstede's (1980) dimensions of culture (individualism and power distance) to examine the impact of display rules on job satisfaction and performance in an Indian call center sample. Contrary to findings in an American sample (Wilk & Moynihan, 2005), we proposed that due to…
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-05-17
... Responsibility AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is adding three new fireworks events and correcting the location of five existing events outlined in 33 CFR 165.1332 to ensure... also adds three new firework display locations, and changes the title of the rule to accurately reflect...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-09-12
..., MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a... safety of life on navigable waters during a fireworks display launched from a floating platform located... zone is intended to protect the maritime public in a portion of the Potomac River. DATES: This rule is...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-05-12
... traffic is necessary to protect life, property and the environment. Discussion of Rule The U.S. Coast... Responsibility (AOR) AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The U.S Coast Guard is... necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the fireworks displays. Entry into...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-04-01
... Order. As proposed, a Market Maker Price Improving Order would be ranked on the BATS Options Book at its... the BATS Options Book, but would be, along with its displayed size, converted to a buy or sell order... accordance with the order display and book processing requirements of Rule 21.8 and, if applicable, processed...
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Cochran, A G; Tong, R T; Starovasnik, M A; Park, E J; McDowell, R S; Theaker, J E; Skelton, N J
2001-01-31
Phage display of peptide libraries has become a powerful tool for the evolution of novel ligands that bind virtually any protein target. However, the rules governing conformational preferences in natural peptides are poorly understood, and consequently, structure-activity relationships in these molecules can be difficult to define. In an effort to simplify this process, we have investigated the structural stability of 10-residue, disulfide-constrained beta-hairpins and assessed their suitability as scaffolds for beta-turn display. Using disulfide formation as a probe, relative free energies of folding were measured for 19 peptides that differ at a one strand position. A tryptophan substitution promotes folding to a remarkable degree. NMR analysis confirms that the measured energies correlate well with the degree of beta-hairpin structure in the disulfide-cyclized peptides. Reexamination of a subset of the strand substitutions in peptides with different turn sequences reveals linear free energy relationships, indicating that turns and strand-strand interactions make independent, additive contributions to hairpin stability. Significantly, the tryptophan strand substitution is highly stabilizing with all turns tested, and peptides that display model turns or the less stable C'-C' ' turn of CD4 on this tryptophan "stem" are highly structured beta-hairpins in water. Thus, we have developed a small, structured beta-turn scaffold, containing only natural L-amino acids, that may be used to display peptide libraries of limited conformational diversity on phage.
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Bimodal Emotion Congruency Is Critical to Preverbal Infants' Abstract Rule Learning
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tsui, Angeline Sin Mei; Ma, Yuen Ki; Ho, Anna; Chow, Hiu Mei; Tseng, Chia-huei
2016-01-01
Extracting general rules from specific examples is important, as we must face the same challenge displayed in various formats. Previous studies have found that bimodal presentation of grammar-like rules (e.g. ABA) enhanced 5-month-olds' capacity to acquire a rule that infants failed to learn when the rule was presented with visual presentation of…
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DOT National Transportation Integrated Search
2005-09-30
There is currently no common symbology standard for the electronic display of navigation information. The wide range of display technology and the different functions these displays support makes it difficult to design symbols that are easily recogni...
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Learning rules for spike timing-dependent plasticity depend on dendritic synapse location.
Letzkus, Johannes J; Kampa, Björn M; Stuart, Greg J
2006-10-11
Previous studies focusing on the temporal rules governing changes in synaptic strength during spike timing-dependent synaptic plasticity (STDP) have paid little attention to the fact that synaptic inputs are distributed across complex dendritic trees. During STDP, propagation of action potentials (APs) back to the site of synaptic input is thought to trigger plasticity. However, in pyramidal neurons, backpropagation of single APs is decremental, whereas high-frequency bursts lead to generation of distal dendritic calcium spikes. This raises the question whether STDP learning rules depend on synapse location and firing mode. Here, we investigate this issue at synapses between layer 2/3 and layer 5 pyramidal neurons in somatosensory cortex. We find that low-frequency pairing of single APs at positive times leads to a distance-dependent shift to long-term depression (LTD) at distal inputs. At proximal sites, this LTD could be converted to long-term potentiation (LTP) by dendritic depolarizations suprathreshold for BAC-firing or by high-frequency AP bursts. During AP bursts, we observed a progressive, distance-dependent shift in the timing requirements for induction of LTP and LTD, such that distal synapses display novel timing rules: they potentiate when inputs are activated after burst onset (negative timing) but depress when activated before burst onset (positive timing). These findings could be explained by distance-dependent differences in the underlying dendritic voltage waveforms driving NMDA receptor activation during STDP induction. Our results suggest that synapse location within the dendritic tree is a crucial determinant of STDP, and that synapses undergo plasticity according to local rather than global learning rules.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-08-09
... AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing four... fireworks displays and swim events. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable... prohibited unless authorized by the COTP New York. DATES: This rule is effective in the CFR on August 9, 2011...
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25 CFR 243.10 - How does the Paperwork Reduction Act affect this rule?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-04-01
... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false How does the Paperwork Reduction Act affect this rule... REINDEER IN ALASKA § 243.10 How does the Paperwork Reduction Act affect this rule? The actions in this rule... information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. ...
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A programmable rules engine to provide clinical decision support using HTML forms.
Heusinkveld, J; Geissbuhler, A; Sheshelidze, D; Miller, R
1999-01-01
The authors have developed a simple method for specifying rules to be applied to information on HTML forms. This approach allows clinical experts, who lack the programming expertise needed to write CGI scripts, to construct and maintain domain-specific knowledge and ordering capabilities within WizOrder, the order-entry and decision support system used at Vanderbilt Hospital. The clinical knowledge base maintainers use HTML editors to create forms and spreadsheet programs for rule entry. A test environment has been developed which uses Netscape to display forms; the production environment displays forms using an embedded browser.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl
2007-01-01
The use and understanding of self-presentational display rules (SPDRs) was investigated in 21 children with high-functioning autism (FHA), 18 children with Asperger's disorder (AspD) and 20 typically developing (TD) children (all male, aged 4- to 11-years, matched on mental age). Their behaviour was coded during a deception scenario to assess use…
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Rule-Governed Behavior: Teaching a Preliminary Repertoire of Rule-Following to Children with Autism
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tarbox, Jonathan; Zuckerman, Carrie K.; Bishop, Michele R.; Olive, Melissa L.; O'Hora, Denis P.
2011-01-01
Rule-governed behavior is generally considered an integral component of complex verbal repertoires but has rarely been the subject of empirical research. In particular, little or no previous research has attempted to establish rule-governed behavior in individuals who do not already display the repertoire. This study consists of two experiments…
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77 FR 40511 - Safety Zone; GR Symphony Fireworks Display, Kalamazoo Lake, Saugatuck, MI
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-10
...-AA00 Safety Zone; GR Symphony Fireworks Display, Kalamazoo Lake, Saugatuck, MI AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... Kalamazoo Lake during the GR Symphony Fireworks display. This temporary safety zone is necessary to protect spectators and vessels from the hazards associated with a fireworks display. DATES: This rule will be...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-29
... be eligible to execute against displayed liquidity on Arca's Consolidated Book.\\5\\ If a PNPLO... Book, it would be rejected; (2) execute against both displayed and non-displayed liquidity on the Consolidated Book, it would immediately execute against such displayed liquidity, but not against the non...
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14 CFR 125.7 - Display of certificate.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... OR MORE; AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT General § 125.7 Display of certificate. (a) The certificate holder must display a true copy of the certificate in each of its aircraft. (b... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Display of certificate. 125.7 Section 125.7...
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Backstroke start kinematic and kinetic changes due to different feet positioning.
de Jesus, Karla; de Jesus, Kelly; Figueiredo, Pedro; Gonçalves, Pedro; Pereira, Suzana Matheus; Vilas-Boas, João Paulo; Fernandes, Ricardo Jorge
2013-01-01
The backstroke swimming start international rules changed in 2005. This study compared two backstroke start variants, both with feet parallel to each other but in complete immersion and emersion. Six elite swimmers performed two sets of 4 maximal 15 m bouts, each set using one of the variants. The starts were videotaped in the sagittal plane with two cameras, providing bi-dimensional dual-media kinematic evaluation, and an underwater force plate and a handgrip instrumented with a load cell collected kinetic data. Backstroke start with feet immerged displayed greater centre-of-mass horizontal starting position, centre-of-mass horizontal velocity at hands-off and take-off angle. Backstroke start with feet emerged showed greater wall contact time, centre-of-mass horizontal and downward vertical velocity at take-off, lower limbs horizontal impulse, and centre-of-mass downward vertical velocity during flight phase. Backstroke start with feet immerged and emerged displayed similar centre-of-mass horizontal water reach, back arc angle and 5 m starting time. Irrespective of the swimmer's feet positioning, coaches should emphasise each variant's mechanical advantages during the wall contact phases. Furthermore, the maintenance of those advantages throughout the flight should be stressed for better backstroke start performance.
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On the costs and benefits of emotional labor: a meta-analysis of three decades of research.
Hülsheger, Ute R; Schewe, Anna F
2011-07-01
This article provides a quantitative review of the link of emotional labor (emotion-rule dissonance, surface acting, and deep acting) with well-being and performance outcomes. The meta-analysis is based on 494 individual correlations drawn from a final sample of 95 independent studies. Results revealed substantial relationships of emotion-rule dissonance and surface acting with indicators of impaired well-being (ρs between .39 and .48) and job attitudes (ρs between -.24 and -.40) and a small negative relationship with performance outcomes (ρs between -.20 and -.05). Overall, deep acting displayed weak relationships with indicators of impaired well-being and job attitudes but positive relationships with emotional performance and customer satisfaction (ρs .18 and .37). A meta-analytic regression analysis provides information on the unique contribution of emotion-rule dissonance, surface acting, and deep acting in statistically predicting well-being and performance outcomes. Furthermore, a mediation analysis confirms theoretical models of emotional labor which suggest that surface acting partially mediates the relationship of emotion-rule dissonance with well-being. Implications for future research as well as pragmatic ramifications for organizational practices are discussed in conclusion.
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... to display all control numbers assigned by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to collection of information requirements contained in rules enforced by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Display of OMB... Practices CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION GENERAL DISPLAY OF CONTROL NUMBERS FOR COLLECTION OF...
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A programmable rules engine to provide clinical decision support using HTML forms.
Heusinkveld, J.; Geissbuhler, A.; Sheshelidze, D.; Miller, R.
1999-01-01
The authors have developed a simple method for specifying rules to be applied to information on HTML forms. This approach allows clinical experts, who lack the programming expertise needed to write CGI scripts, to construct and maintain domain-specific knowledge and ordering capabilities within WizOrder, the order-entry and decision support system used at Vanderbilt Hospital. The clinical knowledge base maintainers use HTML editors to create forms and spreadsheet programs for rule entry. A test environment has been developed which uses Netscape to display forms; the production environment displays forms using an embedded browser. Images Figure 1 PMID:10566470
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14 CFR 147.39 - Display of certificate.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
...) SCHOOLS AND OTHER CERTIFICATED AGENCIES AVIATION MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN SCHOOLS Operating Rules § 147.39 Display of certificate. Each holder of an aviation maintenance technician school certificate and ratings...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-02-12
... to amend FINRA trade reporting rules to require that members report over-the-counter (``OTC... through the Alternative Display Facility (``ADF'') or a Trade Reporting Facility (``TRF''), and... Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose FINRA trade reporting rules require that members report OTC transactions in...
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16 CFR 500.21 - Type size in relationship to the area of the principal display panel.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... principal display panel. 500.21 Section 500.21 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES... relationship to the area of the principal display panel. (a) The statement of net quantity of contents shall be... display panel of the package or commodity and shall be uniform for all packages or commodities of...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-04-17
... displayed size of any protected bid or offer (as defined in Rule 600(b) of Regulation NMS under the Act). A... Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose Rule 4751(f)(9) defines a ``Directed Order'' as an order... instructions. The proposed rule change, in essence, makes the Exchange's Directed Order similar to the BATS...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-03-24
... this rule because it is contrary to public interest to delay the effective date of this rule. Delaying... of the Port, Puget Sound or Designated Representative. DATES: Effective Date: this rule is effective in the CFR from March 24, 2010 until 12:01 a.m. March 28, 2010. This rule is effective with actual...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Science Service, Inc., Washington, DC.
This document presents the international rules for precollege science research. Sections include: (1) Quick Rules Reference; (2) Highlights for 1995-96; (3) International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) Category Descriptions; (4) Display and Safety Regulations; (5) Eligibility; (6) Requirements; (7) Limitations; (8) Continuation of Projects;…
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Logical recoding of S-R rules can reverse the effects of spatial S-R correspondence.
Wühr, Peter; Biebl, Rupert
2009-02-01
Two experiments investigated competing explanations for the reversal of spatial stimulus-response (S-R) correspondence effects (i.e., Simon effects) with an incompatible S-R mapping on the relevant, nonspatial dimension. Competing explanations were based on generalized S-R rules (logical-recoding account) or referred to display-control arrangement correspondence or to S-S congruity. In Experiment 1, compatible responses to finger-name stimuli presented at left/right locations produced normal Simon effects, whereas incompatible responses to finger-name stimuli produced an inverted Simon effect. This finding supports the logical-recoding account. In Experiment 2, spatial S-R correspondence and color S-R correspondence were varied independently, and main effects of these variables were observed. The lack of an interaction between these variables, however, disconfirms a prediction of the display-control arrangement correspondence account. Together, the results provide converging evidence for the logical-recoding account. This account claims that participants derive generalized response selection rules (e.g., the identity or reversal rule) from specific S-R rules and inadvertently apply the generalized rules to the irrelevant (spatial) S-R dimension when selecting their response.
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Segmental intelligibility of synthetic speech produced by rule.
Logan, J S; Greene, B G; Pisoni, D B
1989-08-01
This paper reports the results of an investigation that employed the modified rhyme test (MRT) to measure the segmental intelligibility of synthetic speech generated automatically by rule. Synthetic speech produced by ten text-to-speech systems was studied and compared to natural speech. A variation of the standard MRT was also used to study the effects of response set size on perceptual confusions. Results indicated that the segmental intelligibility scores formed a continuum. Several systems displayed very high levels of performance that were close to or equal to scores obtained with natural speech; other systems displayed substantially worse performance compared to natural speech. The overall performance of the best system, DECtalk--Paul, was equivalent to the data obtained with natural speech for consonants in syllable-initial position. The findings from this study are discussed in terms of the use of a set of standardized procedures for measuring intelligibility of synthetic speech under controlled laboratory conditions. Recent work investigating the perception of synthetic speech under more severe conditions in which greater demands are made on the listener's processing resources is also considered. The wide range of intelligibility scores obtained in the present study demonstrates important differences in perception and suggests that not all synthetic speech is perceptually equivalent to the listener.
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Segmental intelligibility of synthetic speech produced by rule
Logan, John S.; Greene, Beth G.; Pisoni, David B.
2012-01-01
This paper reports the results of an investigation that employed the modified rhyme test (MRT) to measure the segmental intelligibility of synthetic speech generated automatically by rule. Synthetic speech produced by ten text-to-speech systems was studied and compared to natural speech. A variation of the standard MRT was also used to study the effects of response set size on perceptual confusions. Results indicated that the segmental intelligibility scores formed a continuum. Several systems displayed very high levels of performance that were close to or equal to scores obtained with natural speech; other systems displayed substantially worse performance compared to natural speech. The overall performance of the best system, DECtalk—Paul, was equivalent to the data obtained with natural speech for consonants in syllable-initial position. The findings from this study are discussed in terms of the use of a set of standardized procedures for measuring intelligibility of synthetic speech under controlled laboratory conditions. Recent work investigating the perception of synthetic speech under more severe conditions in which greater demands are made on the listener’s processing resources is also considered. The wide range of intelligibility scores obtained in the present study demonstrates important differences in perception and suggests that not all synthetic speech is perceptually equivalent to the listener. PMID:2527884
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Xie, Hongling; Dawes, Molly; Wurster, Tabitha J; Shi, Bing
2013-01-01
The transition to middle school often presents behavioral and academic challenges to youths. Boys of color (i.e., African American and Hispanic in this study) may be especially vulnerable. In this study, peer nominations of aggressive and academic behaviors as well as youths' perceptions of how these behaviors were related to popularity in peer networks were obtained from the spring semester of fifth grade through the spring semester of seventh grade, with the transition occurring as the students entered the sixth grade. The sample included 188 boys (71 Caucasian, 90 African American, and 27 Hispanic) from an urban school district in the northeastern United States. Trajectory analyses showed that African American boys scored lower in studentship and higher in rule-breaking and aggressive (both physical and social) behaviors prior to the transition, and such differences among ethnic groups were largely maintained during the transition. Hispanic boys displayed decreases in their studentship during the transition. African American boys' perception of how studentship affects popularity was more positive than other boys prior to the transition, but it decreased during the transition. African American boys also endorsed rule breaking and physical and social aggression more positively for popularity prior to the transition, whereas Caucasian and Hispanic boys' endorsement increased during the transition and eventually caught up with those of African American boys in seventh grade. A positive within-individual association was found between youths' popularity perception and their behavior for studentship, rule breaking, and physical aggression, which did not differ by ethnicity. © 2013 American Orthopsychiatric Association.
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A knowledge based application of the extended aircraft interrogation and display system
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Glover, Richard D.; Larson, Richard R.
1991-01-01
A family of multiple-processor ground support test equipment was used to test digital flight-control systems on high-performance research aircraft. A unit recently built for the F-18 high alpha research vehicle project is the latest model in a series called the extended aircraft interrogation and display system. The primary feature emphasized monitors the aircraft MIL-STD-1553B data buses and provides real-time engineering units displays of flight-control parameters. A customized software package was developed to provide real-time data interpretation based on rules embodied in a highly structured knowledge database. The configuration of this extended aircraft interrogation and display system is briefly described, and the evolution of the rule based package and its application to failure modes and effects testing on the F-18 high alpha research vehicle is discussed.
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The ADE scorecards: a tool for adverse drug event detection in electronic health records.
Chazard, Emmanuel; Băceanu, Adrian; Ferret, Laurie; Ficheur, Grégoire
2011-01-01
Although several methods exist for Adverse Drug events (ADE) detection due to past hospitalizations, a tool that could display those ADEs to the physicians does not exist yet. This article presents the ADE Scorecards, a Web tool that enables to screen past hospitalizations extracted from Electronic Health Records (EHR), using a set of ADE detection rules, presently rules discovered by data mining. The tool enables the physicians to (1) get contextualized statistics about the ADEs that happen in their medical department, (2) see the rules that are useful in their department, i.e. the rules that could have enabled to prevent those ADEs and (3) review in detail the ADE cases, through a comprehensive interface displaying the diagnoses, procedures, lab results, administered drugs and anonymized records. The article shows a demonstration of the tool through a use case.
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77 FR 37356 - Safety Zone for Fireworks Display, Pamlico River; Washington, NC
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-21
... fireworks display. Such hazards include obstructions to the waterway that may cause death, serious bodily... rule would not cause a taking of private property or otherwise have taking implications under Executive...
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Allometry of sexual size dimorphism in turtles: a comparison of mass and length data.
Regis, Koy W; Meik, Jesse M
2017-01-01
The macroevolutionary pattern of Rensch's Rule (positive allometry of sexual size dimorphism) has had mixed support in turtles. Using the largest carapace length dataset and only large-scale body mass dataset assembled for this group, we determine (a) whether turtles conform to Rensch's Rule at the order, suborder, and family levels, and (b) whether inferences regarding allometry of sexual size dimorphism differ based on choice of body size metric used for analyses. We compiled databases of mean body mass and carapace length for males and females for as many populations and species of turtles as possible. We then determined scaling relationships between males and females for average body mass and straight carapace length using traditional and phylogenetic comparative methods. We also used regression analyses to evalutate sex-specific differences in the variance explained by carapace length on body mass. Using traditional (non-phylogenetic) analyses, body mass supports Rensch's Rule, whereas straight carapace length supports isometry. Using phylogenetic independent contrasts, both body mass and straight carapace length support Rensch's Rule with strong congruence between metrics. At the family level, support for Rensch's Rule is more frequent when mass is used and in phylogenetic comparative analyses. Turtles do not differ in slopes of sex-specific mass-to-length regressions and more variance in body size within each sex is explained by mass than by carapace length. Turtles display Rensch's Rule overall and within families of Cryptodires, but not within Pleurodire families. Mass and length are strongly congruent with respect to Rensch's Rule across turtles, and discrepancies are observed mostly at the family level (the level where Rensch's Rule is most often evaluated). At macroevolutionary scales, the purported advantages of length measurements over weight are not supported in turtles.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-16
... improve system and inter-market price stability. In order to implement this change contemporaneous with... Proposed Rule Change To Delay the Implementation Date for Non-Display of Primary Pegged Orders With an... Exchange proposes a rule change to delay the implementation date for its rule change that provides for non...
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77 FR 29251 - Safety Zone; Carnival Fireworks Display, Nantasket Beach, Hull, MA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-17
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Carnival Fireworks Display, Nantasket Beach, Hull, MA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... zone on the navigable waters off of Nantasket Beach in the vicinity of Hull, MA for a Carnival... spectators and vessels from the hazards associated with fireworks displays. Discussion of Proposed Rule Hull...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-09
... Exchange has determined that Rule 72(a)(ii) may currently disincentivize aggressive displayed quoting by... create an incentive for participants to display aggressive prices, a participant may be reluctant to... aggressive displayed quoting by market participants, which contributes to the market quality of the Exchange...
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37 CFR 1.419 - Display of currently valid control number under the Paperwork Reduction Act.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 37 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Display of currently valid... UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE GENERAL RULES OF PRACTICE IN PATENT CASES International Processing Provisions General Information § 1.419 Display of currently valid control...
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Knowledge-based graphical interfaces for presenting technical information
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Feiner, Steven
1988-01-01
Designing effective presentations of technical information is extremely difficult and time-consuming. Moreover, the combination of increasing task complexity and declining job skills makes the need for high-quality technical presentations especially urgent. We believe that this need can ultimately be met through the development of knowledge-based graphical interfaces that can design and present technical information. Since much material is most naturally communicated through pictures, our work has stressed the importance of well-designed graphics, concentrating on generating pictures and laying out displays containing them. We describe APEX, a testbed picture generation system that creates sequences of pictures that depict the performance of simple actions in a world of 3D objects. Our system supports rules for determining automatically the objects to be shown in a picture, the style and level of detail with which they should be rendered, the method by which the action itself should be indicated, and the picture's camera specification. We then describe work on GRIDS, an experimental display layout system that addresses some of the problems in designing displays containing these pictures, determining the position and size of the material to be presented.
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The early emergence of sociomoral evaluation: infants prefer prosocial others.
Van de Vondervoort, Julia W; Hamlin, J Kiley
2018-04-01
Humans readily evaluate third-parties' prosocial and antisocial acts. Recent evidence reveals that this tendency emerges early in development-even preverbal infants selectively approach prosocial others and avoid antisocial ones. Rather than reflecting attraction toward or away from low-level characteristics of the displays or simple behavioral rules, infants are sensitive to characteristics of both the agents and recipients of prosocial and antisocial acts. Specifically, infants' preferences require that the recipients of positive and negative acts be social agents with clear unfulfilled goals, who have not previously harmed others. In addition, prosocial and antisocial agents must act intentionally, in the service of positive and negative goals. It is an open question whether these prosocial preferences reflect self-interested and/or moral concerns. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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76 FR 25545 - Safety Zone; Blue Crab Festival Fireworks Display, Little River, Little River, SC
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-05-05
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Blue Crab Festival Fireworks Display, Little River, Little River, SC AGENCY: Coast... zone on the waters of Little River in Little River, South Carolina during the Blue Crab Festival... this rule because the Coast Guard did not receive notice of the Blue Crab Festival Fireworks Display...
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Entezam, Mehdi; Aghjeh, Mir Karim Razavi; Ghaffari, Mehdi
2017-02-01
Gel content, mechanical properties and morphology of immiscible PE/EVA blends irradiated by high energy electron beam were studied. The results of gel content measurements showed that the capability of cross-linking of the blend samples increased with an increase of the EVA composition. Also, the gel content for most compositions of the blends displayed a positive deviation from the additive rule. The results of mechanical properties showed that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the samples increased and decreased, respectively, with irradiation dose. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of the irradiated blends also depicted a positive deviation from additive rule contrary to the un-irradiated blends. A synergistic effect observed for the mechanical properties improvement of the irradiated blends and it was attributed to the probable formation of the PE-graft-EVA copolymers at the interface of the blends during the irradiation process. A theoretical analysis revealed that irradiation induced synergistic effect was more significant for EVA-rich blends with weaker interfacial interaction as compared to PE-rich blends. The morphological analysis indicated that the blend morphology was not affected obviously, whereas it was stabilized by irradiation.
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16 CFR 500.24 - Supplemental statements.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
....24 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES, REGULATIONS, STATEMENT OF GENERAL POLICY OR... part shall prohibit supplemental statements, at locations other than the principal display panel... regarded as supplemental net quantity statements and shall be located on the principal display panel...
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14 CFR 15.101 - Applicability.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES... (b) Aeronautical data that— (1) Is visually displayed in the cockpit of an aircraft; and (2) When visually displayed, accurately depicts a defective or deficient flight procedure or airway promulgated by...
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49 CFR 236.26 - Buffing device, maintenance.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION, INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Rules and Instructions... be maintained so as not to cause the signal to display a less restrictive aspect than intended. Track...
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33 CFR 67.15-1 - Lights and signals on attendant vessels.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... attendance must display lights and signals under the International Navigational Rules Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C... COLREGS), or the Inland Navigational Rules Act of 1980 (33 U.S.C. 2001-2038). When vessels are fixed to or...
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78 FR 24679 - Safety Zones; Fireworks Displays in Captain of the Port Long Island Sound Zone
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-04-26
...-AA00 Safety Zones; Fireworks Displays in Captain of the Port Long Island Sound Zone AGENCY: Coast Guard... zones for fireworks displays within the Captain of the Port (COTP) Long Island Sound (LIS) Zone. This... Sector Long Island Sound. DATES: This rule is effective from April 27, 2013, until June 22, 2013. This...
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hoh, Roger H.; Smith, James C.; Hinton, David A.
1987-01-01
An analytical and experimental research program was conducted to develop criteria for pilot interaction with advanced controls and displays in single pilot instrument flight rules (SPIFR) operations. The analytic phase reviewed fundamental considerations for pilot workload taking into account existing data, and using that data to develop a divided attention SPIFR pilot workload model. The pilot model was utilized to interpret the two experimental phases. The first experimental phase was a flight test program that evaluated pilot workload in the presence of current and near-term displays and autopilot functions. The second experiment was conducted on a King Air simulator, investigating the effects of co-pilot functions in the presence of very high SPIFR workload. The results indicate that the simplest displays tested were marginal for SPIFR operations. A moving map display aided the most in mental orientation, but had inherent deficiencies as a stand alone replacement for an HSI. Autopilot functions were highly effective for reducing pilot workload. The simulator tests showed that extremely high workload situations can be adequately handled when co-pilot functions are provided.
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5 CFR 1.1 - Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter. 1.1 Section 1.1 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE RULES COVERAGE AND DEFINITIONS (RULE I) § 1.1 Positions and employees affected by the rules in...
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5 CFR 1.1 - Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter. 1.1 Section 1.1 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE RULES COVERAGE AND DEFINITIONS (RULE I) § 1.1 Positions and employees affected by the rules in...
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5 CFR 1.1 - Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-01-01
... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter. 1.1 Section 1.1 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE RULES COVERAGE AND DEFINITIONS (RULE I) § 1.1 Positions and employees affected by the rules in...
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5 CFR 1.1 - Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-01-01
... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter. 1.1 Section 1.1 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE RULES COVERAGE AND DEFINITIONS (RULE I) § 1.1 Positions and employees affected by the rules in...
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5 CFR 1.1 - Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-01-01
... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Positions and employees affected by the rules in this subchapter. 1.1 Section 1.1 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE RULES COVERAGE AND DEFINITIONS (RULE I) § 1.1 Positions and employees affected by the rules in...
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2014-01-01
Background Previous efforts such as Assessing Care of Vulnerable Elders (ACOVE) provide quality indicators for assessing the care of elderly patients, but thus far little has been done to leverage this knowledge to improve care for these patients. We describe a clinical decision support system to improve general practitioner (GP) adherence to ACOVE quality indicators and a protocol for investigating impact on GPs’ adherence to the rules. Design We propose two randomized controlled trials among a group of Dutch GP teams on adherence to ACOVE quality indicators. In both trials a clinical decision support system provides un-intrusive feedback appearing as a color-coded, dynamically updated, list of items needing attention. The first trial pertains to real-time automatically verifiable rules. The second trial concerns non-automatically verifiable rules (adherence cannot be established by the clinical decision support system itself, but the GPs report whether they will adhere to the rules). In both trials we will randomize teams of GPs caring for the same patients into two groups, A and B. For the automatically verifiable rules, group A GPs receive support only for a specific inter-related subset of rules, and group B GPs receive support only for the remainder of the rules. For non-automatically verifiable rules, group A GPs receive feedback framed as actions with positive consequences, and group B GPs receive feedback framed as inaction with negative consequences. GPs indicate whether they adhere to non-automatically verifiable rules. In both trials, the main outcome measure is mean adherence, automatically derived or self-reported, to the rules. Discussion We relied on active end-user involvement in selecting the rules to support, and on a model for providing feedback displayed as color-coded real-time messages concerning the patient visiting the GP at that time, without interrupting the GP’s workflow with pop-ups. While these aspects are believed to increase clinical decision support system acceptance and its impact on adherence to the selected clinical rules, systems with these properties have not yet been evaluated. Trial registration Controlled Trials NTR3566 PMID:24642339
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76 FR 2625 - Comment Sought on 2010 Review of Hearing Aid Compatibility Regulations
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-14
... compatibility, as well as the effects of display screens, wireless headsets, and simultaneous transmission.... ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: The Wireless Telecommunications Bureau (Bureau) seeks comments on the operation and effectiveness of the Commission's rules relating to hearing aid compatibility of wireless...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... TRANSPORTATION RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION, INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR... a train movement, the signal governing that movement cannot display an aspect to proceed; and that will prevent a movement of the switch, derail or movable-point frog unless the signal displays its most...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Exclusions. 15.103 Section 15.103 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES... chart or map; (3) Was not accurately displayed on a visual display in the cockpit, or (4) Was obviously...
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The Effect of Automated Alerts on Provider Ordering Behavior in an Outpatient Setting
Steele, Andrew W; Eisert, Sheri; Witter, Joel; Lyons, Pat; Jones, Michael A; Gabow, Patricia; Ortiz, Eduardo
2005-01-01
Background Computerized order entry systems have the potential to prevent medication errors and decrease adverse drug events with the use of clinical-decision support systems presenting alerts to providers. Despite the large volume of medications prescribed in the outpatient setting, few studies have assessed the impact of automated alerts on medication errors related to drug–laboratory interactions in an outpatient primary-care setting. Methods and Findings A primary-care clinic in an integrated safety net institution was the setting for the study. In collaboration with commercial information technology vendors, rules were developed to address a set of drug–laboratory interactions. All patients seen in the clinic during the study period were eligible for the intervention. As providers ordered medications on a computer, an alert was displayed if a relevant drug–laboratory interaction existed. Comparisons were made between baseline and postintervention time periods. Provider ordering behavior was monitored focusing on the number of medication orders not completed and the number of rule-associated laboratory test orders initiated after alert display. Adverse drug events were assessed by doing a random sample of chart reviews using the Naranjo scoring scale. The rule processed 16,291 times during the study period on all possible medication orders: 7,017 during the pre-intervention period and 9,274 during the postintervention period. During the postintervention period, an alert was displayed for 11.8% (1,093 out of 9,274) of the times the rule processed, with 5.6% for only “missing laboratory values,” 6.0% for only “abnormal laboratory values,” and 0.2% for both types of alerts. Focusing on 18 high-volume and high-risk medications revealed a significant increase in the percentage of time the provider stopped the ordering process and did not complete the medication order when an alert for an abnormal rule-associated laboratory result was displayed (5.6% vs. 10.9%, p = 0.03, Generalized Estimating Equations test). The provider also increased ordering of the rule-associated laboratory test when an alert was displayed (39% at baseline vs. 51% during post intervention, p < 0.001). There was a non-statistically significant difference towards less “definite” or “probable” adverse drug events defined by Naranjo scoring (10.3% at baseline vs. 4.3% during postintervention, p = 0.23). Conclusion Providers will adhere to alerts and will use this information to improve patient care. Specifically, in response to drug–laboratory interaction alerts, providers will significantly increase the ordering of appropriate laboratory tests. There may be a concomitant change in adverse drug events that would require a larger study to confirm. Implementation of rules technology to prevent medication errors could be an effective tool for reducing medication errors in an outpatient setting. PMID:16128621
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On a common circle: natural scenes and Gestalt rules.
Sigman, M; Cecchi, G A; Gilbert, C D; Magnasco, M O
2001-02-13
To understand how the human visual system analyzes images, it is essential to know the structure of the visual environment. In particular, natural images display consistent statistical properties that distinguish them from random luminance distributions. We have studied the geometric regularities of oriented elements (edges or line segments) present in an ensemble of visual scenes, asking how much information the presence of a segment in a particular location of the visual scene carries about the presence of a second segment at different relative positions and orientations. We observed strong long-range correlations in the distribution of oriented segments that extend over the whole visual field. We further show that a very simple geometric rule, cocircularity, predicts the arrangement of segments in natural scenes, and that different geometrical arrangements show relevant differences in their scaling properties. Our results show similarities to geometric features of previous physiological and psychophysical studies. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of early vision.
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY REGULATIONS RULES GOVERNING APPLICATIONS FOR OPERATING AUTHORITY Special Rules for Certain Mexico-domiciled Carriers § 365.511 Requirement for CVSA... Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA)-certified inspectors every three months and display a current inspection...
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50 CFR 221.74 - Has OMB approved the information collection provisions of this subpart?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... collection provisions of this subpart? Yes. This rule contains provisions that would collect information from... it displays a currently valid OMB control number that indicates OMB approval. OMB has reviewed the information collection in this rule and approved it under OMB control number 1094-0001. ...
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[Emotional display rules of Japanese and Koreans].
Lee, Ye-jin; Matsumoto, Yoshiyuki
2011-12-01
Hypothetical stories designed to arouse feelings of happiness, sadness, or anger were presented to Japanese (n = 310) and Koreans (n = 286) university students. They were asked to rate the intensity of the emotion experienced, and to select the corresponding facial expression to display in an individual situation and in a social situation. Analyses of covariance were conducted on the rating scores of facial expression using the intensities of emotion as the covariance, except for happiness where the within-class regression coefficients were not homogeneous. The results showed that Japanese and Koreans shared the emotional display rules about the expressions of emotions in individual situations more than in social situations. Japanese thought that they should suppress emotions more than Koreans did. Moreover, the differences in facial expressions between Japanese and Koreans were greater in the individual situations than in the social situations.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-04-19
... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation No. 337-TA-828] Certain Video Displays and Products Using and Containing Same; Investigations: Terminations, Modifications and Rulings AGENCY: U.S. International Trade Commission. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given that the U.S. International...
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39 CFR 447.42 - Additional prohibited political activities.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... Section 447.42 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE PERSONNEL RULES OF CONDUCT FOR POSTAL EMPLOYEES... restrictions on political activities mentioned in § 447.51, an employee may not: (1) Display a political... paragraph, however, from displaying a picture, including a personally autographed picture of a political...
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The processing of linear perspective and binocular information for action and perception.
Bruggeman, Hugo; Yonas, Albert; Konczak, Jürgen
2007-04-08
To investigate the processing of linear perspective and binocular information for action and for the perceptual judgment of depth, we presented viewers with an actual Ames trapezoidal window. The display, when presented perpendicular to the line of sight, provided perspective information for a rectangular window slanted in depth, while binocular information specified a planar surface in the fronto-parallel plane. We compared pointing towards the display-edges with perceptual judgment of their positions in depth as the display orientation was varied under monocular and binocular view. On monocular trials, pointing and depth judgment were based on the perspective information and failed to respond accurately to changes in display orientation because pictorial information did not vary sufficiently to specify the small differences in orientation. For binocular trials, pointing was based on binocular information and precisely matched the changes in display orientation whereas depth judgment was short of such adjustment and based upon both binocular and perspective-specified slant information. The finding, that on binocular trials pointing was considerably less responsive to the illusion than perceptual judgment, supports an account of two separate processing streams in the human visual system, a ventral pathway involved in object recognition and a dorsal pathway that produces visual information for the control of actions. Previously, similar differences between perception and action were explained by an alternate explanation, that is, viewers selectively attend to different parts of a display in the two tasks. The finding that under monocular view participants responded to perspective information in both the action and the perception task rules out the attention-based argument.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-09-28
...In this document, the Commission proposes rules to implement provisions of the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010 (``CVAA'') that mandate rules for closed captioning of certain video programming delivered using Internet protocol (``IP''). The Commission seeks comment on rules that would apply to the distributors, providers, and owners of IP-delivered video programming, as well as the devices that display such programming.
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Interpersonal distance regulates functional grouping tendencies of agents in team sports.
Passos, Pedro; Milho, João; Fonseca, Sofia; Borges, João; Araújo, Duarte; Davids, Keith
2011-01-01
The authors examined whether, similar to collective agent behaviors in complex, biological systems (e.g., schools of fish and colonies of ants), performers in team sports displayed functional coordination tendencies, based on local interaction rules during performance. To investigate this issue, they used videogrammetry and digitizing procedures to observe interpersonal interactions in common 4 versus 2 + 2 subphases of the team sport of rugby union, involving 16 participants aged between 16 and 17 years of age. They observed pattern-forming dynamics in attacking subunits (n = 4 players) attempting to penetrate 2 defensive lines (n = 2 players in each). Data showed that within each attacking subunit, the 4 players displayed emergent functional grouping tendencies that differed between the 2 defensive lines. Results confirmed that grouping tendencies in attacking subunits of team games are sensitive to different task constraints, such as relative positioning to nearest defenders. It was concluded that running correlations were particularly useful for measuring the level of interpersonal coordination in functional grouping tendencies within attacking subunits.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-12-26
... U.S.C. 78s(b). FINRA Rule 2360 (Options) and FINRA Rule 2359 (Position and Exercise Limits; Liquidations) incorporate by reference comparable position and exercise limit rules of the options exchanges. Specifically: (i) FINRA Rule 2360(b)(3)(B) incorporates position limits for index options established by the...
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75 FR 25111 - Safety Zone; KFOG Kaboom, Fireworks Display, San Francisco, CA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-05-07
... associated with the pyrotechnics. Unauthorized persons or vessels are prohibited from entering into... posed by the pyrotechnics used in these fireworks displays, the safety zones are necessary to provide... effective date of this rule would expose mariners to the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics used in the...
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77 FR 30451 - Safety Zone; Olcott Fireworks, Lake Ontario, Olcott, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-23
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Olcott Fireworks, Lake Ontario, Olcott, NY AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice... Ontario during the Olcott fireworks display. The safety zone established by this proposed rule is necessary to protect spectators, participants, and vessels from the hazards associated with firework display...
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How Does Family Emotional Expressiveness Affect Children's Schemas?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dunsmore, Julie C.; Halberstadt, Amy G.
1997-01-01
Presents a model for understanding children's formation of schemas of self, other, and how self and other do and should communicate emotion. Attributes important roles to families' tendencies to display or not display emotion and to their rules regarding desirability and importance of communicating emotion. Notes that child characteristics and…
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 1200.1 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION GENERAL RULES... means a display of the form and content of the official seal made on a die so that the seal can be... content. Replica or reproduction means a copy of an official seal or NARA logo displaying the form and...
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Emotional Experience and Regulation of Expressive Behavior.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Saarni, Carolyn
Issues related to children's ability to conceal their immediate emotional experiences by displaying alternate socially or personally motivated facial expressions are discussed. Four basic categories of dissimulation of emotional experience are specified, and motives for the use of cultural and personal display rules and direct deception are posed.…
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16 CFR 500.6 - Net quantity of contents declaration, location.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
..., location. 500.6 Section 500.6 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION RULES, REGULATIONS, STATEMENT... contents separately and accurately stated on the principal display panel. (b) The declaration of net quantity shall appear as a distinct item on the principal display panel, shall be separated (by at least a...
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From Human Activity to Conceptual Understanding of the Chain Rule
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jojo, Zingiswa Mybert Monica; Maharaj, Aneshkumar; Brijlall, Deonarain
2013-01-01
This article reports on a study which investigated first year university engineering students' construction of the definition of the concept of the chain rule in differential calculus at a University of Technology in South Africa. An APOS (Action-Process-Objects-Schema) approach was used to explore conceptual understanding displayed by students in…
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-11-20
... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Release No. 34-70881; File No. SR-NSX-2013-20] Self-Regulatory Organizations; National Stock Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Amending Exchange Rule 11.11 Regarding the Entry and Execution of Zero Display Reserve Orders...
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76 FR 59454 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-09-26
... Office of Management and Budget for extension and approval. Rule 17a-5(c) generally requires broker... information subject to the PRA that does not display a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control... customers' cash and securities. The Commission, when adopting the Rule in 1972, stated that the goal was to...
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78 FR 39599 - Safety Zone; Fort Monroe Fireworks Display, Chesapeake Bay, Hampton, VA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-02
.... ACTION: Temporary Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on the... intended to restrict vessel traffic movement in the specified area in order to protect the life and... Federal holidays. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions on this temporary rule, call or...
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78 FR 39604 - Safety Zone; Northside Park Pier Fireworks Display, Assawoman Bay, Ocean City, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-02
... Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety... protect the life and property of the maritime public and spectators from the hazards associated with...: If you have questions on this temporary rule, call or email LCDR Hector Cintron, Waterways Management...
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33 CFR 88.13 - Lights on moored barges.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Lights on moored barges. 88.13... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.13 Lights on moored barges. (a) The following barges shall display at night and if practicable in periods of restricted visibility the lights described in paragraph (b...
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33 CFR 88.15 - Lights on dredge pipelines.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Lights on dredge pipelines. 88.15... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.15 Lights on dredge pipelines. Dredge pipelines that are floating or supported on trestles shall display the following lights at night and in periods of restricted...
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33 CFR 88.15 - Lights on dredge pipelines.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Lights on dredge pipelines. 88.15... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.15 Lights on dredge pipelines. Dredge pipelines that are floating or supported on trestles shall display the following lights at night and in periods of restricted...
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33 CFR 88.13 - Lights on moored barges.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Lights on moored barges. 88.13... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.13 Lights on moored barges. (a) The following barges shall display at night and if practicable in periods of restricted visibility the lights described in paragraph (b...
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33 CFR 88.15 - Lights on dredge pipelines.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Lights on dredge pipelines. 88.15... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.15 Lights on dredge pipelines. Dredge pipelines that are floating or supported on trestles shall display the following lights at night and in periods of restricted...
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33 CFR 88.15 - Lights on dredge pipelines.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Lights on dredge pipelines. 88.15... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.15 Lights on dredge pipelines. Dredge pipelines that are floating or supported on trestles shall display the following lights at night and in periods of restricted...
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33 CFR 88.13 - Lights on moored barges.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Lights on moored barges. 88.13... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.13 Lights on moored barges. (a) The following barges shall display at night and if practicable in periods of restricted visibility the lights described in paragraph (b...
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33 CFR 88.13 - Lights on moored barges.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Lights on moored barges. 88.13... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.13 Lights on moored barges. (a) The following barges shall display at night and if practicable in periods of restricted visibility the lights described in paragraph (b...
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33 CFR 88.13 - Lights on moored barges.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Lights on moored barges. 88.13... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.13 Lights on moored barges. (a) The following barges shall display at night and if practicable in periods of restricted visibility the lights described in paragraph (b...
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33 CFR 88.15 - Lights on dredge pipelines.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Lights on dredge pipelines. 88.15... NAVIGATION RULES ANNEX V: PILOT RULES § 88.15 Lights on dredge pipelines. Dredge pipelines that are floating or supported on trestles shall display the following lights at night and in periods of restricted...
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43 CFR 45.74 - Has OMB approved the information collection provisions of this subpart?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... OMB approved the information collection provisions of this subpart? Yes. This rule contains provisions... to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number that indicates OMB approval. OMB has reviewed the information collection in this rule and approved it under OMB...
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Affordances for Participation: Children's Appropriation of Rules in a Reggio Emilia School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Martin, Cathrin; Evaldsson, Ann-Carita
2012-01-01
This study explores how young children appropriate school rules and what opportunities for active participation are afforded in a Reggio Emilia elementary classroom with particular interest in the interactional and communicative competences children display in situated practice. An ethnographic and microanalytic approach is used to study how the…
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CULTURAL DISPLAY RULES DRIVE EYE GAZE DURING THINKING.
McCarthy, Anjanie; Lee, Kang; Itakura, Shoji; Muir, Darwin W
2006-11-01
The authors measured the eye gaze displays of Canadian, Trinidadian, and Japanese participants as they answered questions for which they either knew, or had to derive, the answers. When they knew the answers, Trinidadians maintained the most eye contact, whereas Japanese maintained the least. When thinking about the answers to questions, Canadians and Trinidadians looked up, whereas Japanese looked down. Thus, for humans, gaze displays while thinking are at least in part culturally determined.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-06-25
... To Amend BOX Rule 3150 (Reports Related to Position Limits) June 19, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b... Rule Change The Exchange proposes to amend BOX Rule 3150 (Reports Related to Position Limits). The text... proposes to amend BOX Rule 3150 (Reports Related to Position Limits) to exempt BOX Market Makers \\3\\ from...
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A Hyalinized Trichilemmoma of the Eyelid in a Teenager.
Jakobiec, Frederick A; Stagner, Anna M; Sassoon, Jodi; Goldstein, Scott; Mihm, Martin C
2016-01-01
A 16-year-old African American male, the youngest patient to date, presented with a well-circumscribed upper eyelid lesion. On excision, the dermal nodule was contiguous with the epidermis, displayed trichohyalin-like bodies in an expanded outer root sheath, and was composed chiefly of small cellular clusters separated by a prominent network of periodic acid Schiff -positive hyaline bands of basement membrane material. The tumor cells were positive for high molecular weight cytokeratins (CK) 5/6, CK14, and CK34βE12 and were negative for CK7, carcinoembryonic antigen and epithelial membrane antigen. Negative S100, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and smooth muscle actin immunoreactions ruled out a myoepithelial lesion. The Ki-67 proliferation index was <10%. The diagnosis was a hyalinized trichilemmoma, contrasting with the more common lobular type. As an isolated lesion, trichilemmoma does not portend Cowden syndrome.
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-04-01
... Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules. (a) Spot... rules and procedures for monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater... monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater than 25 percent of estimated...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-04-01
... Designated contract market and swap execution facility position limits and accountability rules. (a) Spot... rules and procedures for monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater... monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater than 25 percent of estimated...
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77 FR 42179 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Potomac River, Charles County, Newburg, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-18
...]30[sec] W, located at Newburg in Charles County, Maryland (NAD 1983). The temporary safety zone will... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Potomac River, Charles County, Newburg, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard will establish a safety zone upon...
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75 FR 41376 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Potomac River, Charles County, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-07-16
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Potomac River, Charles County, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... this temporary rule, call or e-mail Mr. Ronald L. Houck, Sector Baltimore Waterways Management Division, Coast Guard; telephone 410-576-2674, e- mail Ronald.L[email protected] . If you have questions on viewing...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-23
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Alexandria Bay Chamber of Commerce, St. Lawrence River, Alexandria Bay, NY AGENCY... Commerce fireworks display. The safety zone established by this proposed rule is necessary to protect... spectators and vessels during the Alexandria Bay Chamber of Commerce fireworks display. Regulatory Analyses...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-16
... participants and spectators from the dangers associated with the pyrotechnics. Unauthorized persons or vessels... by the pyrotechnics used in these fireworks displays, it would be contrary to the public interest to... delay in the effective date of this rule would expose mariners to the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics...
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76 FR 37009 - Safety Zone; Jameson Beach Fourth of July Fireworks Display
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-24
... pyrotechnics. Unauthorized persons or vessels are prohibited from entering into, transiting through, or.... Because of the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics used in this fireworks display, the safety zone is... effective date of this rule would expose mariners to the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics used in the...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-24
... optionally created a quotation for display to comply with market making obligations. Compliant displayed... meeting their Exchange market making obligations. Retirement of the Market Maker Quoter At the time of... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange filed a proposal to eliminate reference to a Market Maker order...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-09-05
... quotation for display to comply with market making obligations. Compliant displayed quotations are... able to qualify as bona-fide market making for purposes of Regulation SHO, depending on the facts and... making is appropriate with respect to the particular Market Maker Peg Order and its designated offset...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-06-19
... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; Fifth Coast Guard District Fireworks Display, Currituck Sound; Corolla, NC.... This regulation applies to only one recurring fireworks event, held adjacent to the Currituck Sound... portion of the Currituck Sound, Corolla, NC, during the event. DATES: This rule will be effective from...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-06-19
... portion of the Delaware River from operating while a fireworks event is taking place. This temporary...-AA00 Safety Zone; Delaware River Waterfront Corp. Fireworks Display, Delaware River; Camden, NJ AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary...
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46 CFR 502.991 - OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... PROVISIONS RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Paperwork Reduction Act § 502.991 OMB control numbers assigned pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act. This section displays the control numbers assigned to information... comply with the Act, which requires that agencies display a current control number assigned by the...
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16 CFR 460.14 - How retailers must handle fact sheets.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
....14 Section 460.14 Commercial Practices FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION TRADE REGULATION RULES LABELING AND... are likely to notice them. For example, you can put them in a display, and let customers take copies... customers where the fact sheets are. You need not make the fact sheets available to customers if you display...
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SEAN: SNP prediction and display program utilizing EST sequence clusters.
Huntley, Derek; Baldo, Angela; Johri, Saurabh; Sergot, Marek
2006-02-15
SEAN is an application that predicts single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using multiple sequence alignments produced from expressed sequence tag (EST) clusters. The algorithm uses rules of sequence identity and SNP abundance to determine the quality of the prediction. A Java viewer is provided to display the EST alignments and predicted SNPs.
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77 FR 42644 - Safety Zone; Canal Fest of the Tonawandas, Erie Canal, Tonawanda, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-20
.... ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on the... Canal during the Canal Fest of the Tonawandas Fireworks display. This temporary safety zone is necessary to protect spectators and vessels from the hazards associated with a fireworks display. DATES: This...
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16 CFR 303.13 - Sale of remnants and products made of remnants.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... ACTS OF CONGRESS RULES AND REGULATIONS UNDER THE TEXTILE FIBER PRODUCTS IDENTIFICATION ACT § 303.13... information as “remnants of undetermined fiber content.” (2) Where such remnants of fabrics are displayed for... conjunction with such display, stating with respect to required fiber content disclosure that the goods are...
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Engagement in the electoral processes: scaling laws and the role of political positions.
Mantovani, M C; Ribeiro, H V; Lenzi, E K; Picoli, S; Mendes, R S
2013-08-01
We report on a statistical analysis of the engagement in the electoral processes of all Brazilian cities by considering the number of party memberships and the number of candidates for mayor and councillor. By investigating the relationships between the number of party members and the population of voters, we have found that the functional forms of these relationships are well described by sublinear power laws (allometric scaling) surrounded by a multiplicative log-normal noise. We have observed that this pattern is quite similar to those we previously reported for the relationships between the number of candidates (mayor and councillor) and population of voters [Europhys. Lett. 96, 48001 (2011)], suggesting that similar universal laws may be ruling the engagement in the electoral processes. We also note that the power-law exponents display a clear hierarchy, where the more influential is the political position the smaller is the value of the exponent. We have also investigated the probability distributions of the number of candidates (mayor and councillor), party memberships, and voters. The results indicate that the most influential positions are characterized by distributions with very short tails, while less influential positions display an intermediate power-law decay before showing an exponential-like cutoff. We discuss the possibility that, in addition to the political power of the position, limitations in the number of available seats can also be connected with this changing of behavior. We further believe that our empirical findings point out to an under-representation effect, where the larger the city is, the larger are the obstacles for more individuals to become directly engaged in the electoral process.
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Predicted Weather Display and Decision Support Interface for Flight Deck
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Johnson, Walter W. (Inventor); Wong, Dominic G. (Inventor); Koteskey, Robert W. (Inventor); Wu, Shu-Chieh (Inventor)
2017-01-01
A system and method for providing visual depictions of a predictive weather forecast for in-route vehicle trajectory planning. The method includes displaying weather information on a graphical display, displaying vehicle position information on the graphical display, selecting a predictive interval, displaying predictive weather information for the predictive interval on the graphical display, and displaying predictive vehicle position information for the predictive interval on the graphical display, such that the predictive vehicle position information is displayed relative to the predictive weather information, for in-route trajectory planning.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-09-05
... maker quoter functionality optionally creates a quotation for display to comply with market making...-designated offset may be able to qualify as bona-fide market making for purposes of Regulation SHO, depending... of Rule 203 for bona-fide market making is appropriate with respect to the particular Market Maker...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-08-05
... 100 shares) orders in a separate, dedicated system, but will trade them on the Display Book system... Rule 501(a)--NYSE Amex Equities, the Exchange proposes to amend the definition of the term ``Closing... proposes to add language to conform the definition of a ``Stop Order'' for Nasdaq Securities with that for...
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77 FR 60044 - Safety Zone; DeStefano Wedding Fireworks Display, Patchogue Bay, Patchogue, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-10-02
... tribal government, in the aggregate, or by the private sector of $100,000,000 (adjusted for inflation) or... authorized by the Captain of the Port (COTP) Sector Long Island Sound. DATES: This rule is effective from... rule, call or email Petty Officer Joseph Graun, Prevention Department, Coast Guard Sector Long Island...
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76 FR 28312 - Safety Zones; Fireworks Display Kanawha River, WV
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-05-17
... expect the economic impact of this rule to be so minimal that a full Regulatory Evaluation is unnecessary... significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The term ``small entities'' comprises... Guard certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this rule would not have a significant economic impact on a...
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78 FR 56151 - Safety Zone, North Atlantic Ocean; Virginia Beach, VA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-12
... final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone on the navigable waters of the North... life and property of the maritime public and spectators from the hazards associated with fireworks displays. DATES: This rule will be effective from 9:20 p.m. to 10:10 p.m. on September 12, 2013. ADDRESSES...
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Teaching Children with Autism to Follow Rules Specifying a Behavior and Consequence
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wymer, Sarah C.; Tarbox, Jonathan; Beavers, Gracie A.; Tullis, Christopher A.
2016-01-01
Rule-governed behavior (RGB) results from contact with a verbal description of a contingency as opposed to prior contact with that contingency. Despite its importance, research on the establishment of RGB with learners who do not display the skill is limited. Tarbox, Zuckerman, Bishop, Olive, and O'Hora ("The Analysis of Verbal…
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Research in Natural Language Understanding
1979-08-31
REFERENCES 159 APPENDIX A 1 A. 2 A. 3 A. 4 A. 5 A. PLAN-RELATED INFERENCE PROCEDURES ACTION -topian: ACTION -toplanrecog: S-REQUEST-INFORMlF...speech acts and attached procedures> The system’s model of its display actions . Taxonomy of display actions . The display scope after sentence 3...34. At various points the system is in a state where it needs to determine which of a large number of possible rules of action are applicable to its
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Parvin, C A
1993-03-01
The error detection characteristics of quality-control (QC) rules that use control observations within a single analytical run are investigated. Unlike the evaluation of QC rules that span multiple analytical runs, most of the fundamental results regarding the performance of QC rules applied within a single analytical run can be obtained from statistical theory, without the need for simulation studies. The case of two control observations per run is investigated for ease of graphical display, but the conclusions can be extended to more than two control observations per run. Results are summarized in a graphical format that offers many interesting insights into the relations among the various QC rules. The graphs provide heuristic support to the theoretical conclusions that no QC rule is best under all error conditions, but the multirule that combines the mean rule and a within-run standard deviation rule offers an attractive compromise.
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Generazio, Edward R.
2014-01-01
Unknown risks are introduced into failure critical systems when probability of detection (POD) capabilities are accepted without a complete understanding of the statistical method applied and the interpretation of the statistical results. The presence of this risk in the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) community is revealed in common statements about POD. These statements are often interpreted in a variety of ways and therefore, the very existence of the statements identifies the need for a more comprehensive understanding of POD methodologies. Statistical methodologies have data requirements to be met, procedures to be followed, and requirements for validation or demonstration of adequacy of the POD estimates. Risks are further enhanced due to the wide range of statistical methodologies used for determining the POD capability. Receiver/Relative Operating Characteristics (ROC) Display, simple binomial, logistic regression, and Bayes' rule POD methodologies are widely used in determining POD capability. This work focuses on Hit-Miss data to reveal the framework of the interrelationships between Receiver/Relative Operating Characteristics Display, simple binomial, logistic regression, and Bayes' Rule methodologies as they are applied to POD. Knowledge of these interrelationships leads to an intuitive and global understanding of the statistical data, procedural and validation requirements for establishing credible POD estimates.
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Automated rule-base creation via CLIPS-Induce
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Murphy, Patrick M.
1994-01-01
Many CLIPS rule-bases contain one or more rule groups that perform classification. In this paper we describe CLIPS-Induce, an automated system for the creation of a CLIPS classification rule-base from a set of test cases. CLIPS-Induce consists of two components, a decision tree induction component and a CLIPS production extraction component. ID3, a popular decision tree induction algorithm, is used to induce a decision tree from the test cases. CLIPS production extraction is accomplished through a top-down traversal of the decision tree. Nodes of the tree are used to construct query rules, and branches of the tree are used to construct classification rules. The learned CLIPS productions may easily be incorporated into a large CLIPS system that perform tasks such as accessing a database or displaying information.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-24
... and spectators from the dangers associated with the pyrotechnics. Unauthorized persons or vessels are... the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics used in this fireworks display, the safety zone is necessary to... in the effective date of this rule would expose mariners to the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-07
... display is consistent with traditional market making on the floor of an exchange as well as existing rules... market making to identify itself as the party willing to buy or sell securities on the Exchange. \\3\\ See... be displayed in Exchange data feeds with such User's market participant identifiers or ``MPIDs...
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77 FR 34798 - Safety Zone; USMMA Fireworks, Long Island Sound, Kings Point, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-12
... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; USMMA Fireworks, Long Island Sound, Kings Point, NY AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... navigable waters of Long Island Sound in the vicinity of Kings Point, NY for a fireworks display. This... fireworks displays. This rule is intended to restrict all vessels from a portion of Long Island Sound before...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-06-25
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Fifth Coast Guard District Fireworks Display Cape Fear River; Wilmington, NC AGENCY... District. This regulation applies to only one recurring fireworks event, held adjacent to the Cape Fear... of the Cape Fear River, Wilmington, North Carolina, during the event. DATES: This rule will be...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-10-15
... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; Oregon City Bridge Grand Opening Fireworks Display; Willamette River, Oregon City, OR AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone on the Willamette River between the Oregon City Bridge and the Interstate 205 Bridge...
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49 CFR 236.404 - Signals at adjacent control points.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION... than restricted speed cannot be displayed simultaneously for conflicting movements. ...
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Dissociable roles of medial and lateral PFC in rule learning.
Cao, Bihua; Li, Wei; Li, Fuhong; Li, Hong
2016-11-01
Although the neural basis of rule learning is of great interest to cognitive neuroscientists, the pattern of transient brain activation during rule discovery remains to be investigated. In this study, we measured event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during distinct phases of rule learning. Twenty-one healthy human volunteers were presented with a series of cards, each containing a clock-like display of 12 circles numbered sequentially. Participants were instructed that a fictitious animal would move from one circle to another either in a regular pattern (according to a rule hidden in consecutive trials) or randomly. Participants were then asked to judge whether a given step followed a rule. While the rule-search phase evoked more activation in the posterior lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), the rule-following phase caused stronger activation in the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Importantly, the intermediate phase, the rule-discovery phase evoked more activations in MPFC and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) than rule search, and more activations in LPFC than rule following. Therefore, we can conclude that the medial and lateral PFC have dissociable contributions in rule learning.
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New DICOM extensions for softcopy and hardcopy display consistency.
Eichelberg, M; Riesmeier, J; Kleber, K; Grönemeyer, D H; Oosterwijk, H; Jensch, P
2000-01-01
The DICOM standard defines in detail how medical images can be communicated. However, the rules on how to interpret the parameters contained in a DICOM image which deal with the image presentation were either lacking or not well defined. As a result, the same image frequently looks different when displayed on different workstations or printed on a film from various printers. Three new DICOM extensions attempt to close this gap by defining a comprehensive model for the display of images on softcopy and hardcopy devices: Grayscale Standard Display Function, Grayscale Softcopy Presentation State and Presentation Look Up Table.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-23
... CCS interest will be accessed to fill or partially fill \\20\\ incoming interest except, that Display Book will not access DMM CCS interest to provide an execution for an incoming odd-lot order. The Exchange proposes to amend NYSE Rule 1000 (d)(i) to clarify that DMM CCS interest will be accessed in...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-27
... Brokers. Rule 76 applies only to manual transactions executed at the point of sale on the trading Floor... break up the announced bid and offer by trading with either side of the proposed cross transaction.\\3... Floor Broker enters the cross transaction into the Exchange's Display Book system as a completed...
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78 FR 27304 - Safety Zone; Melrose Pyrotechnics Fireworks Display; Chicago Harbor, Chicago, IL
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-05-10
... any novel legal or policy issues. The safety zone created by this rule will be small and enforced for... through the safety zone when permitted by the Captain of the Port. 2. Impact on Small Entities Under the... entities. The Coast Guard certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this proposed rule will not have a...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-07-01
... at their most aggressive price to be executed in the manner and under the circumstances described... minimum price variation less aggressive than its price. \\4\\ BYX Rule 11.9(c)(11) defines a Non-Displayed... most ``aggressive'' price means for bids the highest price the User is willing to pay, and for offers...
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76 FR 70647 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Potomac River, National Harbor Access Channel, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-11-15
... Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone upon specified waters of the Potomac River. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life on... maritime public in a portion of the Potomac River. DATES: This rule is effective from 6 p.m. on November 19...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-07-20
... York Zone AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is... safety of life on navigable waters during the events. Entry into, transit through, mooring or anchoring within these zones is prohibited unless authorized by the COTP New York. DATES: This rule is effective...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-17
... prioritized among non-displayed orders at the locking price based on its time of entry. Upon the second... Change to PSX Rule 3301(f)(8) Concerning the Processing of the Price To Comply Order July 11, 2012... of the Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes to clarify how the processing of a Price to Comply...
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7 CFR 1.674 - Has OMB approved the information collection provisions of §§ 1.670 through 1.673?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... the information collection provisions of §§ 1.670 through 1.673? Yes. This rule contains provisions... to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number that indicates OMB approval. OMB has reviewed the information collection in this rule and approved it under OMB...
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A Non-technical User-Oriented Display Notation for XACML Conditions
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Stepien, Bernard; Felty, Amy; Matwin, Stan
Ideally, access control to resources in complex IT systems ought to be handled by business decision makers who own a given resource (e.g., the pay and benefits section of an organization should decide and manage the access rules to the payroll system). To make this happen, the security and database communities need to develop vendor-independent access management tools, useable by decision makers, rather than technical personnel detached from a given business function. We have developed and implemented such tool, based on XACML. The XACML is an important emerging tool for managing complex access control applications. As a formal notation, based on an XML schema representing the grammar of a given application, XACML is precise and non-ambiguous. But this very property puts it out of reach of non-technical users. We propose a new notation for displaying and editing XACML rules that is independent of XML, and we develop an editor for it. Our notation combines a tree representation of logical expressions with an accessible natural language layer. Our early experience indicates that such rules can be grasped by non-technical users wishing to develop and control rules for accessing their own resources.
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Wittenberg, Philipp; Gan, Fah Fatt; Knoth, Sven
2018-04-17
The variable life-adjusted display (VLAD) is the first risk-adjusted graphical procedure proposed in the literature for monitoring the performance of a surgeon. It displays the cumulative sum of expected minus observed deaths. It has since become highly popular because the statistic plotted is easy to understand. But it is also easy to misinterpret a surgeon's performance by utilizing the VLAD, potentially leading to grave consequences. The problem of misinterpretation is essentially caused by the variance of the VLAD's statistic that increases with sample size. In order for the VLAD to be truly useful, a simple signaling rule is desperately needed. Various forms of signaling rules have been developed, but they are usually quite complicated. Without signaling rules, making inferences using the VLAD alone is difficult if not misleading. In this paper, we establish an equivalence between a VLAD with V-mask and a risk-adjusted cumulative sum (RA-CUSUM) chart based on the difference between the estimated probability of death and surgical outcome. Average run length analysis based on simulation shows that this particular RA-CUSUM chart has similar performance as compared to the established RA-CUSUM chart based on the log-likelihood ratio statistic obtained by testing the odds ratio of death. We provide a simple design procedure for determining the V-mask parameters based on a resampling approach. Resampling from a real data set ensures that these parameters can be estimated appropriately. Finally, we illustrate the monitoring of a real surgeon's performance using VLAD with V-mask. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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A rule-based system for real-time analysis of control systems
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Larson, Richard R.; Millard, D. Edward
1992-10-01
An approach to automate the real-time analysis of flight critical health monitoring and system status is being developed and evaluated at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Facility. A software package was developed in-house and installed as part of the extended aircraft interrogation and display system. This design features a knowledge-base structure in the form of rules to formulate interpretation and decision logic of real-time data. This technique has been applied for ground verification and validation testing and flight testing monitoring where quick, real-time, safety-of-flight decisions can be very critical. In many cases post processing and manual analysis of flight system data are not required. The processing is described of real-time data for analysis along with the output format which features a message stack display. The development, construction, and testing of the rule-driven knowledge base, along with an application using the X-31A flight test program, are presented.
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A rule-based system for real-time analysis of control systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Larson, Richard R.; Millard, D. Edward
1992-01-01
An approach to automate the real-time analysis of flight critical health monitoring and system status is being developed and evaluated at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Facility. A software package was developed in-house and installed as part of the extended aircraft interrogation and display system. This design features a knowledge-base structure in the form of rules to formulate interpretation and decision logic of real-time data. This technique has been applied for ground verification and validation testing and flight testing monitoring where quick, real-time, safety-of-flight decisions can be very critical. In many cases post processing and manual analysis of flight system data are not required. The processing is described of real-time data for analysis along with the output format which features a message stack display. The development, construction, and testing of the rule-driven knowledge base, along with an application using the X-31A flight test program, are presented.
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Ricks, Wendell R.; Abbott, Kathy H.
1987-01-01
A traditional programming technique for controlling the display of optional flight information in a civil transport cockpit is compared to a rule-based technique for the same function. This application required complex decision logic and a frequently modified rule base. The techniques are evaluated for execution efficiency and implementation ease; the criterion used to calculate the execution efficiency is the total number of steps required to isolate hypotheses that were true and the criteria used to evaluate the implementability are ease of modification and verification and explanation capability. It is observed that the traditional program is more efficient than the rule-based program; however, the rule-based programming technique is more applicable for improving programmer productivity.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-09-08
... report position and account information in accordance with ISE Rule 415 into the Minor Rule Violation... Rule 415 requires each member to report to the Exchange the account and position information of any... option contracts dealt in on the Exchange. Members report this information on the Large Option Position...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-10-03
... Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule To Eliminate Position and Exercise Limits for Physically- Settled SPY Options... Proposed Rule Change CBOE proposes to amend its rules to eliminate position and exercise limits for... eliminate position and exercise limits for physically-settled SPY options pursuant to a pilot program.\\5...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-12-09
... Rule Change To Extend the Pilot Program That Eliminated the Position and Exercise Limits for Options on... amend its rules to extend the pilot program that eliminated position and exercise limits for physically..., because not all self- regulatory organizations (``SROs'') have adopted similar rules eliminating position...
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Negative and Positive Association Rules Mining from Text Using Frequent and Infrequent Itemsets
Mahmood, Sajid; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Guergachi, Aziz
2014-01-01
Association rule mining research typically focuses on positive association rules (PARs), generated from frequently occurring itemsets. However, in recent years, there has been a significant research focused on finding interesting infrequent itemsets leading to the discovery of negative association rules (NARs). The discovery of infrequent itemsets is far more difficult than their counterparts, that is, frequent itemsets. These problems include infrequent itemsets discovery and generation of accurate NARs, and their huge number as compared with positive association rules. In medical science, for example, one is interested in factors which can either adjudicate the presence of a disease or write-off of its possibility. The vivid positive symptoms are often obvious; however, negative symptoms are subtler and more difficult to recognize and diagnose. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for discovering positive and negative association rules among frequent and infrequent itemsets. We identify associations among medications, symptoms, and laboratory results using state-of-the-art data mining technology. PMID:24955429
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Gosselin, Pierre; Warren, Madeleine; Diotte, Michèle
2002-12-01
The authors investigated the extent to which children's understanding of the distinction between real and apparent emotions varied according to the motivation to hide emotions. Children, aged 6-7 and 10-11 years, were read stories designed to elicit either prosocial or self-protective motivated display rules and were asked to predict the facial expressions the protagonists would make to hide felt emotions. Children were found to understand the distinction between real and apparent emotions very well, independently of the type of motivation. Contrary to predictions, boys understood this distinction better than did girls when the motivation to hide positive emotions was prosocial. Children perceived neutralization as the most appropriate strategy to hide felt emotions, followed by masking.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-19
... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone for Fireworks Display, Potomac River, National Harbor Access Channel; Oxon Hill... safety zone upon specified waters of the Potomac River. This action is necessary to provide for the... zone is intended to protect the maritime public in a portion of the Potomac River. DATES: This rule is...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-08
... display on August 12, 2011 east of Green Point, Spieden Island, WA. All persons and vessels will be... offer to assist small entities in understanding the rule so that they can better evaluate its effects on... substantial direct effect on State or local governments and would either preempt State law or impose a...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-03-07
... how the NSX System may execute certain types of Zero Display Reserve Orders \\4\\ that are pegged to the midpoint between the Protected BBO in subpennies. NSX Rule 11.3(c) provides that a Zero Display Reserve... the System rounds executions in securities priced less than $1.00 per share resulting from a Zero...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-15
...-AA00 Safety Zones; Annual Firework Displays Within the Captain of the Port, Puget Sound Area of... of the Port (COTP), Puget Sound Area of Responsibility (AOR). When these safety zones are activated... Captain of the Port, Puget Sound or Designated Representative. DATES: This rule is effective June 15, 2010...
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75 FR 32664 - Safety Zone; Milwaukee Air and Water Show, Lake Michigan, Milwaukee, WI
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-09
.... ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone on Lake Michigan... of Lake Michigan due to a large-scale air show and a fireworks display. This temporary safety zone is... air show and fireworks display. DATES: This regulation is effective from 12:01 a.m. on June 10, 2010...
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Wang, Monan; Zhang, Kai; Yang, Ning
2018-04-09
To help doctors decide their treatment from the aspect of mechanical analysis, the work built a computer assisted optimal system for treatment of femoral neck fracture oriented to clinical application. The whole system encompassed the following three parts: Preprocessing module, finite element mechanical analysis module, post processing module. Preprocessing module included parametric modeling of bone, parametric modeling of fracture face, parametric modeling of fixed screw and fixed position and input and transmission of model parameters. Finite element mechanical analysis module included grid division, element type setting, material property setting, contact setting, constraint and load setting, analysis method setting and batch processing operation. Post processing module included extraction and display of batch processing operation results, image generation of batch processing operation, optimal program operation and optimal result display. The system implemented the whole operations from input of fracture parameters to output of the optimal fixed plan according to specific patient real fracture parameter and optimal rules, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the system. Meanwhile, the system had a friendly interface, simple operation and could improve the system function quickly through modifying single module.
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Text-to-phonemic transcription and parsing into mono-syllables of English text
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Jusgir Mullick, Yugal; Agrawal, S. S.; Tayal, Smita; Goswami, Manisha
2004-05-01
The present paper describes a program that converts the English text (entered through the normal computer keyboard) into its phonemic representation and then parses it into mono-syllables. For every letter a set of context based rules is defined in lexical order. A default rule is also defined separately for each letter. Beginning from the first letter of the word the rules are checked and the most appropriate rule is applied on the letter to find its actual orthographic representation. If no matching rule is found, then the default rule is applied. Current rule sets the next position to be analyzed. Proceeding in the same manner orthographic representation for each word can be found. For example, ``reading'' is represented as ``rEdiNX'' by applying the following rules: r-->r move 1 position ahead ead-->Ed move 3 position ahead i-->i move 1 position ahead ng-->NX move 2 position ahead, i.e., end of word. The phonemic representations obtained from the above procedure are parsed to get mono-syllabic representation for various combinations such as CVC, CVCC, CV, CVCVC, etc. For example, the above phonemic representation will be parsed as rEdiNX---> /rE/ /diNX/. This study is a part of developing TTS for Indian English.
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49 CFR 236.305 - Approach or time locking.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION, INSPECTION... signals displaying aspects with indications more favorable than “proceed at restricted speed.” ...
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Fukase, Hitoshi; Wakebe, Tetsuaki; Tsurumoto, Toshiyuki; Saiki, Kazunobu; Fujita, Masaki; Ishida, Hajime
2012-09-01
Diversity of human body size and shape is often biogeographically interpreted in association with climatic conditions. According to Bergmann's and Allen's rules, populations in regions with a cold climate are expected to display an overall larger body and smaller/shorter extremities than those in warm/hot environments. In the present study, the skeletal limb size and proportions of prehistoric Jomon hunter-gatherers, who extensively inhabited subarctic to subtropical areas in the ancient Japanese archipelago, were examined to evaluate whether or not the inter-regional differences follow such ecogeographic patterns. Results showed that the Jomon intralimb proportions including relative distal limb lengths did not differ significantly among five regions from northern Hokkaido to the southern Okinawa Islands. This suggests a limited co-variability of the intralimb proportions with climate, particularly within genealogically close populations. In contrast, femoral head breadth (associated with body mass) and skeletal limb lengths were found to be significantly and positively correlated with latitude, suggesting a north-south geographical cline in the body size. This gradient therefore comprehensively conforms to Bergmann's rule, and may stem from multiple potential factors such as phylogenetic constraints, microevolutionary adaptation to climatic/geographic conditions during the Jomon period, and nutritional and physiological response during ontogeny. Specifically, the remarkably small-bodied Jomon in the Okinawa Islands can also be explained as an adjustment to subtropical and insular environments. Thus, the findings obtained in this study indicate that Jomon people, while maintaining fundamental intralimb proportions, displayed body size variation in concert with ambient surroundings. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Emotion perception across cultures: the role of cognitive mechanisms
Engelmann, Jan B.; Pogosyan, Marianna
2012-01-01
Despite consistently documented cultural differences in the perception of facial expressions of emotion, the role of culture in shaping cognitive mechanisms that are central to emotion perception has received relatively little attention in past research. We review recent developments in cross-cultural psychology that provide particular insights into the modulatory role of culture on cognitive mechanisms involved in interpretations of facial expressions of emotion through two distinct routes: display rules and cognitive styles. Investigations of emotion intensity perception have demonstrated that facial expressions with varying levels of intensity of positive affect are perceived and categorized differently across cultures. Specifically, recent findings indicating significant levels of differentiation between intensity levels of facial expressions among American participants, as well as deviations from clear categorization of high and low intensity expressions among Japanese and Russian participants, suggest that display rules shape mental representations of emotions, such as intensity levels of emotion prototypes. Furthermore, a series of recent studies using eye tracking as a proxy for overt attention during face perception have identified culture-specific cognitive styles, such as the propensity to attend to very specific features of the face. Together, these results suggest a cascade of cultural influences on cognitive mechanisms involved in interpretations of facial expressions of emotion, whereby cultures impart specific behavioral practices that shape the way individuals process information from the environment. These cultural influences lead to differences in cognitive styles due to culture-specific attentional biases and emotion prototypes, which partially account for the gradient of cultural agreements and disagreements obtained in past investigations of emotion perception. PMID:23486743
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Emotion perception across cultures: the role of cognitive mechanisms.
Engelmann, Jan B; Pogosyan, Marianna
2013-01-01
Despite consistently documented cultural differences in the perception of facial expressions of emotion, the role of culture in shaping cognitive mechanisms that are central to emotion perception has received relatively little attention in past research. We review recent developments in cross-cultural psychology that provide particular insights into the modulatory role of culture on cognitive mechanisms involved in interpretations of facial expressions of emotion through two distinct routes: display rules and cognitive styles. Investigations of emotion intensity perception have demonstrated that facial expressions with varying levels of intensity of positive affect are perceived and categorized differently across cultures. Specifically, recent findings indicating significant levels of differentiation between intensity levels of facial expressions among American participants, as well as deviations from clear categorization of high and low intensity expressions among Japanese and Russian participants, suggest that display rules shape mental representations of emotions, such as intensity levels of emotion prototypes. Furthermore, a series of recent studies using eye tracking as a proxy for overt attention during face perception have identified culture-specific cognitive styles, such as the propensity to attend to very specific features of the face. Together, these results suggest a cascade of cultural influences on cognitive mechanisms involved in interpretations of facial expressions of emotion, whereby cultures impart specific behavioral practices that shape the way individuals process information from the environment. These cultural influences lead to differences in cognitive styles due to culture-specific attentional biases and emotion prototypes, which partially account for the gradient of cultural agreements and disagreements obtained in past investigations of emotion perception.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-12-12
... Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change for the Extension of a Pilot Program for SPY Position and Exercise... eliminates the position and exercise limits for physically-settled options on the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust... Exchange Rule 307, Commentary .01, Position Limits, and Exchange Rule 309, Commentary .01, Exercise limits...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-04-01
.... (a) Spot-month limits. (1) For all Referenced Contracts executed pursuant to their rules, swap..., establish rules and procedures for monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no... monitoring and enforcing spot-month position limits set at levels no greater than 25 percent of estimated...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-10-12
... Rule Change To Adopt a Pilot Program To Eliminate Position and Exercise Limits in SPY Options October 5... eliminate position and exercise limits for physically-settled options on the SPDR S&P ETF Trust (``SPY... Material .01 to ISE Rule 412 and Supplementary Material .01 of ISE Rule 414 to eliminate position and...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-28
... AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard will establish a...-Essex County Fourth of July Fireworks event. This action is necessary to provide for the safety of life... displays. DATES: This rule will be effective from 9 p.m. on June 30, 2012, until 10 p.m. on July 1, 2012...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-11-02
... basis. NYSE Amex represents that any Customer Electronic Complex Orders entered to the NYSE Amex System..., or a Stock/Complex Order must be entered into the NYSE Amex System and displayed at a total or net...) To Define Stock/ Complex Orders, Rule 963NY(d) To Update and Clarify the Priority of Complex Orders...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-30
... listed on the New York Stock Exchange LLC (the ``NYSE''), regular session orders can be posted to the... relative to other orders on the EDGX Book. The proposed rule change was published for comment in the... to add a new order type, the Route Peg Order.\\5\\ A Route Peg Order would be a non-displayed limit...
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Aircraft control position indicator
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Dennis, Dale V. (Inventor)
1987-01-01
An aircraft control position indicator was provided that displayed the degree of deflection of the primary flight control surfaces and the manner in which the aircraft responded. The display included a vertical elevator dot/bar graph meter display for indication whether the aircraft will pitch up or down, a horizontal aileron dot/bar graph meter display for indicating whether the aircraft will roll to the left or to the right, and a horizontal dot/bar graph meter display for indicating whether the aircraft will turn left or right. The vertical and horizontal display or displays intersect to form an up/down, left/right type display. Internal electronic display driver means received signals from transducers measuring the control surface deflections and determined the position of the meter indicators on each dot/bar graph meter display. The device allows readability at a glance, easy visual perception in sunlight or shade, near-zero lag in displaying flight control position, and is not affected by gravitational or centrifugal forces.
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49 CFR 236.783 - Point, stop-indication.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES, STANDARDS, AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE INSTALLATION, INSPECTION... roadway signals, a point where a signal displaying an aspect requiring a stop would be located. ...
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Thai, Corrine K; Dai, Haixia; Sastry, M S R; Sarikaya, Mehmet; Schwartz, Daniel T; Baneyx, François
2004-07-20
We have used the FliTrx cell surface display system to identify disulfide-constrained dodecapeptides binding to the semiconducting metal oxides Cu(2)O and ZnO. Sequence analysis of the inserts revealed that the two populations exhibit similar, yet subtly different patterns of amino acid usage. Both sets of binders were enriched in arginine, tryptophan, and glycine with a higher degree of positional preference in the case of Cu(2)O binders. Tyrosine, proline, and serine were underrepresented in both populations. Peptides binding electrodeposited Cu(2)O or ZnO with high avidity could be subdivided into two classes based on pI and hydrophilicity. In the hydrophilic and positively charged Class I binders, the Arg-X-X-Arg tetrapeptide appears to be implicated in metal oxide binding, whereas Arg-Arg and Arg-Lys pairs allow for discrimination between Cu(2)O and ZnO. Molecular dynamics simulations of the disulfide-constrained peptides suggest that the aforementioned motifs are important to properly orient two basic residues that are likely to contact the metal oxides. The implications of our results in understanding the rules governing the interaction between peptides and inorganic compounds and in their use for the design of hybrid nanoarchitectures are discussed. Copyright 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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False Position, Double False Position and Cramer's Rule
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Boman, Eugene
2009-01-01
We state and prove the methods of False Position (Regula Falsa) and Double False Position (Regula Duorum Falsorum). The history of both is traced from ancient Egypt and China through the work of Fibonacci, ending with a connection between Double False Position and Cramer's Rule.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-09-08
...-AA00 Safety Zones; Fireworks Displays and Surfing Events in Captain of the Port Long Island Sound Zone... zones for marine events within the Captain of the Port (COTP) Long Island Sound Zone for a surfing event... unless authorized by the COTP Sector Long Island Sound. DATES: This rule is effective in the CFR on...
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Design of see-through near-eye display for presbyopia.
Wu, Yishi; Chen, Chao Ping; Zhou, Lei; Li, Yang; Yu, Bing; Jin, Huayi
2017-04-17
We propose a compact design of see-through near-eye display that is dedicated to presbyopia. Our solution is characterized by a plano-convex waveguide, which is essentially an integration of a corrective lens and two volume holograms. Its design rules are set forth in detail, followed by the results and discussion regarding the diffraction efficiency, field of view, modulation transfer function, distortion, and simulated imaging.
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The expert explorer: a tool for hospital data visualization and adverse drug event rules validation.
Băceanu, Adrian; Atasiei, Ionuţ; Chazard, Emmanuel; Leroy, Nicolas
2009-01-01
An important part of adverse drug events (ADEs) detection is the validation of the clinical cases and the assessment of the decision rules to detect ADEs. For that purpose, a software called "Expert Explorer" has been designed by Ideea Advertising. Anonymized datasets have been extracted from hospitals into a common repository. The tool has 3 main features. (1) It can display hospital stays in a visual and comprehensive way (diagnoses, drugs, lab results, etc.) using tables and pretty charts. (2) It allows designing and executing dashboards in order to generate knowledge about ADEs. (3) It finally allows uploading decision rules obtained from data mining. Experts can then review the rules, the hospital stays that match the rules, and finally give their advice thanks to specialized forms. Then the rules can be validated, invalidated, or improved (knowledge elicitation phase).
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A Beginner's Guide to Science Project Competitions in Indiana.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zeck, Patricia Arnett
2000-01-01
Describes a regional science fair in Indiana. Presents guidelines for organization and registration, rules and regulations, display and presentation, science fair advancement opportunities, and other competitions. (SAH)
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-26
...'') proposes to amend Exchange Rule 11.5(c) to add a new order type, the Mid-Point Discretionary Order, to the... functionality to its System \\3\\ and its Users,\\4\\ the Exchange proposes to add a new order type, the Mid-Point Discretionary Order (the ``MDO''), to Rule 11.5(c)(17). MDOs to buy would be displayed at and pegged to the...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-10-15
... integrated order display and execution system for all NMS stocks,\\4\\ as defined in SEC Rule 600(b)(47) under... (September 9, 2010), 75 FR 56633 (September 16, 2010) (SR-Phlx-2010-079). \\5\\ See 17 CFR 242.600(b)(47). \\6... Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act''),\\1\\ and Rule 19b-4 \\2\\ thereunder...
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Travel guidance system for vehicles
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Takanabe, K.; Yamamoto, M.; Ito, K.
1987-02-24
A travel guidance system is described for vehicles including: a heading sensor for detecting a direction of movement of a vehicle; a distance sensor for detecting a distance traveled by the vehicle; a map data storage medium preliminarily storing map data; a control unit for receiving a heading signal from the heading sensor and a distance signal from the distance sensor to successively compute a present position of the vehicle and for generating video signals corresponding to display data including map data from the map data storage medium and data of the present position; and a display having first andmore » second display portions and responsive to the video signals from the control unit to display on the first display portion a map and a present portion mark, in which: the map data storage medium comprises means for preliminarily storing administrative division name data and landmark data; and the control unit comprises: landmark display means for: (1) determining a landmark closest to the present position, (2) causing a position of the landmark to be displayed on the map and (3) retrieving a landmark massage concerning the landmark from the storage medium to cause the display to display the landmark message on the second display portion; division name display means for retrieving the name of an administrative division to which the present position belongs from the storage medium and causing the display to display a division name message on the second display portion; and selection means for selectively actuating at least one of the landmark display means and the division name display means.« less
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Hemispheric differences in recognizing upper and lower facial displays of emotion.
Prodan, C I; Orbelo, D M; Testa, J A; Ross, E D
2001-01-01
To determine if there are hemispheric differences in processing upper versus lower facial displays of emotion. Recent evidence suggests that there are two broad classes of emotions with differential hemispheric lateralization. Primary emotions (e.g. anger, fear) and associated displays are innate, are recognized across all cultures, and are thought to be modulated by the right hemisphere. Social emotions (e.g., guilt, jealousy) and associated "display rules" are learned during early child development, vary across cultures, and are thought to be modulated by the left hemisphere. Display rules are used by persons to alter, suppress or enhance primary emotional displays for social purposes. During deceitful behaviors, a subject's true emotional state is often leaked through upper rather than lower facial displays, giving rise to facial blends of emotion. We hypothesized that upper facial displays are processed preferentially by the right hemisphere, as part of the primary emotional system, while lower facial displays are processed preferentially by the left hemisphere, as part of the social emotional system. 30 strongly right-handed adult volunteers were tested tachistoscopically by randomly flashing facial displays of emotion to the right and left visual fields. The stimuli were line drawings of facial blends with different emotions displayed on the upper versus lower face. The subjects were tested under two conditions: 1) without instructions and 2) with instructions to attend to the upper face. Without instructions, the subjects robustly identified the emotion displayed on the lower face, regardless of visual field presentation. With instructions to attend to the upper face, for the left visual field they robustly identified the emotion displayed on the upper face. For the right visual field, they continued to identify the emotion displayed on the lower face, but to a lesser degree. Our results support the hypothesis that hemispheric differences exist in the ability to process upper versus lower facial displays of emotion. Attention appears to enhance the ability to explore these hemispheric differences under experimental conditions. Our data also support the recent observation that the right hemisphere has a greater ability to recognize deceitful behaviors compared with the left hemisphere. This may be attributable to the different roles the hemispheres play in modulating social versus primary emotions and related behaviors.
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29 CFR 801.61 - Designation of record.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... OF THE EMPLOYEE POLYGRAPH PROTECTION ACT OF 1988 Administrative Proceedings Rules of Practice § 801..., letter, and designation assigned to each such proceeding shall be clearly displayed on each pleading...
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32 CFR 707.7 - Submarine identification light.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... RULES WITH RESPECT TO ADDITIONAL STATION AND SIGNAL LIGHTS § 707.7 Submarine identification light. Submarines may display, as a distinctive means of identification, an intermittent flashing amber beacon with...
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The Cape Town Clinical Decision Rule for Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Children
Engel, Mark Emmanuel; Cohen, Karen; Gounden, Ronald; Kengne, Andre P.; Barth, Dylan Dominic; Whitelaw, Andrew C; Francis, Veronica; Badri, Motasim; Stewart, Annemie; Dale, James B.; Mayosi, Bongani M.; Maartens, Gary
2016-01-01
Background Existing clinical decision rules (CDR) to diagnose group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis have not been validated in sub-Saharan Africa. We developed a locally applicable CDR while evaluating existing CDRs for diagnosing GAS pharyngitis in South African children. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study and enrolled 997 children aged 3-15 years presenting to primary care clinics with a complaint of sore throat, and whose parents provided consent. Main outcome measures were signs and symptoms of pharyngitis, and a positive GAS culture from a throat swab. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to develop the clinical decision rule. In addition, the diagnostic effectiveness of six existing rules for predicting a positive culture in our cohort was assessed. Results 206 of 982 children (21%) had a positive GAS culture. Tonsillar swelling, tonsillar exudates, tender or enlarged anterior cervical lymph nodes, absence of cough and absence of rhinorrhea were associated with positive cultures in bivariate and multivariate analyses. Four variables (tonsillar swelling and one of tonsillar exudate, no rhinorrhea, no cough), when used in a cumulative score, showed 83.7% sensitivity and 32.2% specificity for GAS pharyngitis. Of existing rules tested, the McIsaac rule had the highest positive predictive value (28%), but missed 49% of the culture-positive children who should have been treated. Conclusion The new four-variable clinical decision rule for GAS pharyngitis (i.e., tonsillar swelling and one of tonsillar exudate, no rhinorrhea, no cough) outperformed existing rules for GAS pharyngitis diagnosis in children with symptomatic sore throat in Cape Town. PMID:27870815
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Breaking the rules: do infants have a true understanding of false belief?
Yott, Jessica; Poulin-Dubois, Diane
2012-03-01
It has been suggested that infants' performance on the false belief task can be explained by the use of behavioural rules. To test this hypothesis, 18-month-old infants were trained to learn the new rule that an object that disappeared in location A could be found in location B. Infants were then administered a false belief task based on the violation of expectation (VOE) paradigm, an intention understanding task, and a modified detour-reaching task. Results revealed that infants looked significantly longer at the display when the experimenter looked for the toy in the full box (box with the toy) compared to infants who observed the experimenter search in the empty box (box without the toy). Results also revealed significant correlations between infants' looking time at the display and their scores on the intention task and on the detour-reaching task. Taken together, these findings suggest that infants possess an implicit understanding of false belief. In addition, they challenge the view that success on the implicit false belief task does not require executive functioning abilities. © 2011 The British Psychological Society.
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32 CFR 707.6 - Minesweeping station keeping lights.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... RULES WITH RESPECT TO ADDITIONAL STATION AND SIGNAL LIGHTS § 707.6 Minesweeping station keeping lights. Naval vessels engaged in minesweeping operations may display, as an aid in maintaining prescribed...
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Leary, Mark R; Diebels, Kate J; Jongman-Sereno, Katrina P; Fernandez, Xuan Duong
2015-01-01
People sometimes display strong emotional reactions to events that appear disproportionate to the tangible magnitude of the event. Although previous work has addressed the role that perceived disrespect and unfairness have on such reactions, this study examined the role of perceived social exchange rule violations more broadly. Participants (N = 179) rated the effects of another person's behavior on important personal outcomes, the degree to which the other person had violated fundamental rules of social exchange, and their reactions to the event. Results showed that perceptions of social exchange rule violations accounted for more variance in participants' reactions than the tangible consequences of the event. The findings support the hypothesis that responses that appear disproportionate to the seriousness of the eliciting event are often fueled by perceived rule violations that may not be obvious to others.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-11-25
... Regulations; Exempted Senior Employee Positions; Withdrawal of Final Rule AGENCY: Office of Government Ethics... final rule ``Post-Employment Conflict of Interest Regulations; Exempted Senior Employee Positions... 61153, concerning the revocation of certain regulatory exemptions of senior employee positions at the...
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Rule-governed behavior: teaching a preliminary repertoire of rule-following to children with autism.
Tarbox, Jonathan; Zuckerman, Carrie K; Bishop, Michele R; Olive, Melissa L; O'Hora, Denis P
2011-01-01
Rule-governed behavior is generally considered an integral component of complex verbal repertoires but has rarely been the subject of empirical research. In particular, little or no previous research has attempted to establish rule-governed behavior in individuals who do not already display the repertoire. This study consists of two experiments that evaluated multiple exemplar training procedures for teaching a simple component skill, which may be necessary for developing a repertoire of rule-governed behavior. In both experiments, children with autism were taught to respond to simple rules that specified antecedents and the behaviors that should occur in their presence. In the first study, participants were taught to respond to rules containing "if/then" statements, where the antecedent was specified before the behavior. The second experiment was a replication and extension of the first. It involved a variation on the manner in which rules were presented. Both experiments eventually demonstrated generalization to novel rules for all participants; however variations to the standard procedure were required for several participants. Results suggest that rule-following can be analyzed and taught as generalized operant behavior and implications for future research are discussed.
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Mayr, Susanne; Buchner, Axel
2010-07-01
Participants performed a word-non-word discrimination task within a car control display emulated on a thin film transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD). The task simulated an information read-out from a TFT-LCD-based instrument panel. Subsequently, participants performed a low-contrast object detection task that simulated the detection of objects during night-time driving. In experiment 1, words/non-words were presented black-on-white (positive polarity) or white-on-black (negative polarity). In experiments 2 and 3, display colour was additionally manipulated. A positive polarity advantage in the discrimination task was consistently observed. In contrast, positive displays interfered more than negative displays with subsequent detection. The detrimental after-effect of positive polarity displays was strong with white and blue, reduced with amber and absent with red displays. Subjective measures showed a preference for blue over red, but a slight advantage for amber over blue. Implications for TFT-LCD design are derived from the results. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: When using TFT-LCDs as car instrument panels, positive polarity red TFT-LCDs are very likely to lead to good instrument readability while at the same time minimising - relative to other colours - the negative effects of an illuminated display on low-contrast object detection during night-time driving.
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Slides for Petroleum Refinery Fenceline Monitoring Data
These webinars provided an overview of EPA’s 2015 rule to reduce air emissions from petroleum refineries and solicit input on how to display the information collected from fenceline monitors at refineries.
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-01-01
... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General... intended to be flown at the end of a rope or cable. (3) Any amateur rocket except aerial firework displays...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-01-01
... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General... intended to be flown at the end of a rope or cable. (3) Any amateur rocket except aerial firework displays...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General... intended to be flown at the end of a rope or cable. (3) Any amateur rocket except aerial firework displays...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General... intended to be flown at the end of a rope or cable. (3) Any amateur rocket except aerial firework displays...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-01-01
... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General... intended to be flown at the end of a rope or cable. (3) Any amateur rocket except aerial firework displays...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
..., to display upon request of an authorized official a valid permit, or to comply with other entrance fee provisions, rules or regulations, will be subject to the penalties prescribed in 50 CFR 28.31. ...
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Learning Strategies in Matching to Sample: If-then and Configural Learning by Pigeons
Katz, Jeffrey S.; Bodily, Kent D.; Wright, Anthony A.
2008-01-01
Pigeons learned a matching-to-sample task with a split training-set design in which half of the stimulus displays were untrained and tested following acquisition. Transfer to the untrained displays along with no novel-stimulus transfer indicated that these pigeons learned the task (partially) via if-then rules. Comparisons to other performance measures indicated that they also partially learned the task via configural learning (learning the gestalt of the whole stimulus display). Differences in the FR-sample requirement (1 vs. 20) had no systematic effect on the type of learning or level of learning obtained. Differences from a previous study (Wright, 1997) are discussed, including the effect of displaying the stimuli vertically (traditional display orientation) or horizontally from the floor. PMID:18079071
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Campos, Belinda; Shiota, Michelle N; Keltner, Dacher; Gonzaga, Gian C; Goetz, Jennifer L
2013-01-01
Understanding positive emotions' shared and differentiating features can yield valuable insight into the structure of positive emotion space and identify emotion states, or aspects of emotion states, that are most relevant for particular psychological processes and outcomes. We report two studies that examined core relational themes (Study 1) and expressive displays (Study 2) for eight positive emotion constructs--amusement, awe, contentment, gratitude, interest, joy, love, and pride. Across studies, all eight emotions shared one quality: high positive valence. Distinctive core relational theme and expressive display patterns were found for four emotions--amusement, awe, interest, and pride. Gratitude was associated with a distinct core relational theme but not an expressive display. Joy and love were each associated with a distinct expressive display but their core relational themes also characterised pride and gratitude, respectively. Contentment was associated with a distinct expressive display but not a core relational theme. The implications of this work for the study of positive emotion are discussed.
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Knouft, Jason H; Page, Lawrence M
2003-03-01
Change in body size within an evolutionary lineage over time has been under investigation since the synthesis of Cope's rule, which suggested that there is a tendency for mammals to evolve larger body size. Data from the fossil record have subsequently been examined for several other taxonomic groups to determine whether they also displayed an evolutionary increase in body size. However, we are not aware of any species-level study that has investigated the evolution of body size within an extant continental group. Data acquired from the fossil record and data derived from the evolutionary relationships of extant species are not similar, with each set exhibiting both strengths and weaknesses related to inferring evolutionary patterns. Consequently, expectation that general trends exhibited in the fossil record will correspond to patterns in extant groups is not necessarily warranted. Using phylogenetic relationships of extant species, we show that five of nine families of North American freshwater fishes exhibit an evolutionary trend of decreasing body size. These trends result from the basal position of large species and the more derived position of small species within families. Such trends may be caused by the invasion of small streams and subsequent isolation and speciation. This pattern, potentially influenced by size-biased dispersal rates and the high percentage of small streams in North America, suggests a scenario that could result in the generation of the size-frequency distribution of North American freshwater fishes.
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Smooth causal patches for AdS black holes
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Raju, Suvrat
2017-06-01
We review the paradox of low energy excitations of a black hole in anti-de Sitter space (AdS). An appropriately chosen unitary operator in the boundary theory can create a locally strong excitation near the black hole horizon, whose global energy is small as a result of the gravitational redshift. The paradox is that this seems to violate a general rule of statistical mechanics, which states that an operator with energy parametrically smaller than k T cannot create a significant excitation in a thermal system. When we carefully examine the position dependence of the boundary unitary operator that produces the excitation and the bulk observable necessary to detect the anomalously large effect, we find that they do not both fit in a single causal patch. This follows from a remarkable property of position-space AdS correlators that we establish explicitly and resolves the paradox in a generic state of the system, since no combination of observers can both create the excitation and observe its effect. As a special case of our analysis, we show how this resolves the "Born rule" paradox of Marolf and Polchinski [J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2016) 008, 10.1007/JHEP01(2016)008] and we verify our solution using an independent calculation. We then consider boundary states that are finely tuned to display a spontaneous excitation outside the causal patch of the infalling observer, and we propose a version of causal patch complementarity in AdS/CFT that resolves the paradox for such states as well.
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... attached to a pulse volume recorder (plethysmograph) that displays each pulse wave. The test compares the systolic blood pressure of the lower extremity to the upper extremity, to help rule out disease that blocks the arteries in the ...
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33 CFR 401.71 - Signals-explosive or hazardous cargo vessels.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SEAWAY REGULATIONS AND RULES Regulations Dangerous Cargo § 401.71 Signals—explosive or hazardous cargo vessels. An explosive or hazardous cargo vessel shall display at the...
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Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl
2007-08-01
The use and understanding of self-presentational display rules (SPDRs) was investigated in 21 children with high-functioning autism (HFA), 18 children with Asperger's disorder (AspD) and 20 typically developing (TD) children (all male, aged 4- to 11-years, matched on mental age). Their behaviour was coded during a deception scenario to assess use of SPDRs; understanding of SPDRs was assessed via three real/apparent emotion-understanding vignettes. The children with HFA and AspD used less effective SPDRs than the TD children, but there were no group differences in understanding SPDRs. The children with HFA and AspD did not differ on their use or understanding of SPDRs, and the results are discussed in relation to the similarities and differences between these diagnostic conditions.
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Local processes in preattentive feature detection.
Bacon, W F; Egeth, H E
1991-02-01
Sagi and Julesz (1987) claimed that for a target to be detected preattentively, it must be within some small critical distance of a nontarget. The independent effects of separation and display size, which were confounded in the Sagi and Julesz experiments, were examined. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed that in tasks requiring search for a color-defined target, target-nontarget separation had no effect on reaction time (RT). Display size, however, was inversely related to RT. Experiment 3 ruled out the possibility that the decreasing function of RT with display size was due to arousal caused by higher display luminance. When nontarget grouping was inhibited, (Exp. 4) it was found that RT no longer decreased with increasing display size. This suggests that nontarget grouping may have been the cause of the improved performance at larger display sizes. Experiments 5 and 6 extended the results to line segments, the stimuli used by Sagi and Julesz.
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Leary, Mark R.; Diebels, Kate J.; Jongman-Sereno, Katrina P.; Fernandez, Xuan Duong
2015-01-01
ABSTRACT People sometimes display strong emotional reactions to events that appear disproportionate to the tangible magnitude of the event. Although previous work has addressed the role that perceived disrespect and unfairness have on such reactions, this study examined the role of perceived social exchange rule violations more broadly. Participants (N = 179) rated the effects of another person’s behavior on important personal outcomes, the degree to which the other person had violated fundamental rules of social exchange, and their reactions to the event. Results showed that perceptions of social exchange rule violations accounted for more variance in participants’ reactions than the tangible consequences of the event. The findings support the hypothesis that responses that appear disproportionate to the seriousness of the eliciting event are often fueled by perceived rule violations that may not be obvious to others. PMID:26331429
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Youngsters do not pay attention to conversational rules: is this so for nonhuman primates?
Lemasson, A; Glas, L; Barbu, S; Lacroix, A; Guilloux, M; Remeuf, K; Koda, H
2011-01-01
The potentiality to find precursors of human language in nonhuman primates is questioned because of differences related to the genetic determinism of human and nonhuman primate acoustic structures. Limiting the debate to production and acoustic plasticity might have led to underestimating parallels between human and nonhuman primates. Adult-young differences concerning vocal usage have been reported in various primate species. A key feature of language is the ability to converse, respecting turn-taking rules. Turn-taking structures some nonhuman primates' adult vocal exchanges, but the development and the cognitive relevancy of this rule have never been investigated in monkeys. Our observations of Campbell's monkeys' spontaneous vocal utterances revealed that juveniles broke the turn-taking rule more often than did experienced adults. Only adults displayed different levels of interest when hearing playbacks of vocal exchanges respecting or not the turn-taking rule. This study strengthens parallels between human conversations and nonhuman primate vocal exchanges.
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Information from multiple modalities helps 5-month-olds learn abstract rules.
Frank, Michael C; Slemmer, Jonathan A; Marcus, Gary F; Johnson, Scott P
2009-07-01
By 7 months of age, infants are able to learn rules based on the abstract relationships between stimuli (Marcus et al., 1999), but they are better able to do so when exposed to speech than to some other classes of stimuli. In the current experiments we ask whether multimodal stimulus information will aid younger infants in identifying abstract rules. We habituated 5-month-olds to simple abstract patterns (ABA or ABB) instantiated in coordinated looming visual shapes and speech sounds (Experiment 1), shapes alone (Experiment 2), and speech sounds accompanied by uninformative but coordinated shapes (Experiment 3). Infants showed evidence of rule learning only in the presence of the informative multimodal cues. We hypothesize that the additional evidence present in these multimodal displays was responsible for the success of younger infants in learning rules, congruent with both a Bayesian account and with the Intersensory Redundancy Hypothesis.
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Global positioning system supported pilot's display
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Scott, Marshall M., Jr.; Erdogan, Temel; Schwalb, Andrew P.; Curley, Charles H.
1991-01-01
The hardware, software, and operation of the Microwave Scanning Beam Landing System (MSBLS) Flight Inspection System Pilot's Display is discussed. The Pilot's Display is used in conjunction with flight inspection tests that certify the Microwave Scanning Beam Landing System used at Space Shuttle landing facilities throughout the world. The Pilot's Display was developed for the pilot of test aircraft to set up and fly a given test flight path determined by the flight inspection test engineers. This display also aids the aircraft pilot when hazy or cloud cover conditions exist that limit the pilot's visibility of the Shuttle runway during the flight inspection. The aircraft position is calculated using the Global Positioning System and displayed in the cockpit on a graphical display.
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CHIRALITY AND MAGNETIC CONFIGURATIONS OF SOLAR FILAMENTS
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Ouyang, Y.; Zhou, Y. H.; Chen, P. F.
It has been revealed that the magnetic topology in the solar atmosphere displays hemispheric preference, i.e., helicity is mainly negative/positive in the northern/southern hemispheres, respectively. However, the strength of the hemispheric rule and its cyclic variation are controversial. In this paper, we apply a new method based on the filament drainage to 571 erupting filaments from 2010 May to 2015 December in order to determine the filament chirality and its hemispheric preference. It is found that 91.6% of our sample of erupting filaments follows the hemispheric rule of helicity sign. It is also found that the strength of the hemisphericmore » preference of the quiescent filaments decreases slightly from ∼97% in the rising phase to ∼85% in the declining phase of solar cycle 24, whereas the strength of the intermediate filaments keeps a high value around 96 ± 4% at all times. Only the active-region filaments show significant variations. Their strength of the hemispheric rule rises from ∼63% to ∼95% in the rising phase, and keeps a high value of 82% ± 5% during the declining phase. Furthermore, during a half-year period around the solar maximum, their hemispheric preference totally vanishes. Additionally, we also diagnose the magnetic configurations of the filaments based on our indirect method and find that in our sample of erupting events, 89% are inverse-polarity filaments with a flux rope magnetic configuration, whereas 11% are normal-polarity filaments with a sheared arcade configuration.« less
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Chirality and Magnetic Configurations of Solar Filaments
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ouyang, Y.; Zhou, Y. H.; Chen, P. F.; Fang, C.
2017-01-01
It has been revealed that the magnetic topology in the solar atmosphere displays hemispheric preference, I.e., helicity is mainly negative/positive in the northern/southern hemispheres, respectively. However, the strength of the hemispheric rule and its cyclic variation are controversial. In this paper, we apply a new method based on the filament drainage to 571 erupting filaments from 2010 May to 2015 December in order to determine the filament chirality and its hemispheric preference. It is found that 91.6% of our sample of erupting filaments follows the hemispheric rule of helicity sign. It is also found that the strength of the hemispheric preference of the quiescent filaments decreases slightly from ˜97% in the rising phase to ˜85% in the declining phase of solar cycle 24, whereas the strength of the intermediate filaments keeps a high value around 96 ± 4% at all times. Only the active-region filaments show significant variations. Their strength of the hemispheric rule rises from ˜63% to ˜95% in the rising phase, and keeps a high value of 82% ± 5% during the declining phase. Furthermore, during a half-year period around the solar maximum, their hemispheric preference totally vanishes. Additionally, we also diagnose the magnetic configurations of the filaments based on our indirect method and find that in our sample of erupting events, 89% are inverse-polarity filaments with a flux rope magnetic configuration, whereas 11% are normal-polarity filaments with a sheared arcade configuration.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-05-01
... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Increase the Position and Exercise Limits for Options on iShares MSCI... filing a proposal to amend its rules to increase the position and exercise limits for options on iShares... and Policies .01 to increase position and exercise limits, respectively, for EEM options. Position...
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77 FR 53059 - Risk-Based Capital Guidelines: Market Risk
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-30
...The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Board), and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) are revising their market risk capital rules to better capture positions for which the market risk capital rules are appropriate; reduce procyclicality; enhance the rules' sensitivity to risks that are not adequately captured under current methodologies; and increase transparency through enhanced disclosures. The final rule does not include all of the methodologies adopted by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision for calculating the standardized specific risk capital requirements for debt and securitization positions due to their reliance on credit ratings, which is impermissible under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. Instead, the final rule includes alternative methodologies for calculating standardized specific risk capital requirements for debt and securitization positions.
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Design of retinal-projection-based near-eye display with contact lens.
Wu, Yuhang; Chen, Chao Ping; Mi, Lantian; Zhang, Wenbo; Zhao, Jingxin; Lu, Yifan; Guo, Weiqian; Yu, Bing; Li, Yang; Maitlo, Nizamuddin
2018-04-30
We propose a design of a retinal-projection-based near-eye display for achieving ultra-large field of view, vision correction, and occlusion. Our solution is highlighted by a contact lens combo, a transparent organic light-emitting diode panel, and a twisted nematic liquid crystal panel. Its design rules are set forth in detail, followed by the results and discussion regarding the field of view, angular resolution, modulation transfer function, contrast ratio, distortion, and simulated imaging.
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Nonlinearity without superluminality
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kent, Adrian
2005-07-01
Quantum theory is compatible with special relativity. In particular, though measurements on entangled systems are correlated in a way that cannot be reproduced by local hidden variables, they cannot be used for superluminal signaling. As Czachor, Gisin, and Polchinski pointed out, this is not generally true of general nonlinear modifications of the Schrödinger equation. Excluding superluminal signaling has thus been taken to rule out most nonlinear versions of quantum theory. The no-superluminal-signaling constraint has also been used for alternative derivations of the optimal fidelities attainable for imperfect quantum cloning and other operations. These results apply to theories satisfying the rule that their predictions for widely separated and slowly moving entangled systems can be approximated by nonrelativistic equations of motion with respect to a preferred time coordinate. This paper describes a natural way in which this rule might fail to hold. In particular, it is shown that quantum readout devices which display the values of localized pure states need not allow superluminal signaling, provided that the devices display the values of the states of entangled subsystems as defined in a nonstandard, although natural, way. It follows that any locally defined nonlinear evolution of pure states can be made consistent with Minkowski causality.
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76 FR 49802 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-08-11
... reject the selection of the fund's independent public accountant. Rule 32a-4 (17 CFR 270.32a-4) exempts... information unless it displays a currently valid control number. The public may view the background...
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78 FR 41898 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Display, Baltimore Harbor; Baltimore, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-12
... comments by mail and would like to know that they reached the Facility, please enclose a stamped, self... fireworks, dangerous projectiles, and falling hot embers or other debris. This rule is needed to ensure...
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Prinzel, Lawrence J., III; Kramer, Lynda J.; Bailey, Randall E.
2007-01-01
The use of enhanced vision systems in civil aircraft is projected to increase rapidly as the Federal Aviation Administration recently changed the aircraft operating rules under Part 91, revising the flight visibility requirements for conducting approach and landing operations. Operators conducting straight-in instrument approach procedures may now operate below the published approach minimums when using an approved enhanced flight vision system that shows the required visual references on the pilot's Head-Up Display. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the complementary use of synthetic vision systems and enhanced vision system technologies, focusing on new techniques for integration and/or fusion of synthetic and enhanced vision technologies and crew resource management while operating under these newly adopted rules. Experimental results specific to flight crew response to non-normal events using the fused synthetic/enhanced vision system are presented.
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The positive inside rule is stronger when followed by a transmembrane helix.
Virkki, Minttu T; Peters, Christoph; Nilsson, Daniel; Sörensen, Therese; Cristobal, Susana; Wallner, Björn; Elofsson, Arne
2014-08-12
The translocon recognizes transmembrane helices with sufficient level of hydrophobicity and inserts them into the membrane. However, sometimes less hydrophobic helices are also recognized. Positive inside rule, orientational preferences of and specific interactions with neighboring helices have been shown to aid in the recognition of these helices, at least in artificial systems. To better understand how the translocon inserts marginally hydrophobic helices, we studied three naturally occurring marginally hydrophobic helices, which were previously shown to require the subsequent helix for efficient translocon recognition. We find no evidence for specific interactions when we scan all residues in the subsequent helices. Instead, we identify arginines located at the N-terminal part of the subsequent helices that are crucial for the recognition of the marginally hydrophobic transmembrane helices, indicating that the positive inside rule is important. However, in two of the constructs, these arginines do not aid in the recognition without the rest of the subsequent helix; that is, the positive inside rule alone is not sufficient. Instead, the improved recognition of marginally hydrophobic helices can here be explained as follows: the positive inside rule provides an orientational preference of the subsequent helix, which in turn allows the marginally hydrophobic helix to be inserted; that is, the effect of the positive inside rule is stronger if positively charged residues are followed by a transmembrane helix. Such a mechanism obviously cannot aid C-terminal helices, and consequently, we find that the terminal helices in multi-spanning membrane proteins are more hydrophobic than internal helices. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-18
...''). The Exchange believes that, because SPX, SPXPM, and SPY options are ultimately derivative of the same... NYSE Amex Options Rule 904 To Eliminate Position Limits for Options on the SPDR[supreg] S&P 500[supreg... Change The Exchange proposes to amend Commentary .07 to NYSE Amex Options Rule 904 to eliminate position...
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Imada, Keita; Nakamura, Katsuhiko
This paper describes recent improvements to Synapse system for incremental learning of general context-free grammars (CFGs) and definite clause grammars (DCGs) from positive and negative sample strings. An important feature of our approach is incremental learning, which is realized by a rule generation mechanism called “bridging” based on bottom-up parsing for positive samples and the search for rule sets. The sizes of rule sets and the computation time depend on the search strategies. In addition to the global search for synthesizing minimal rule sets and serial search, another method for synthesizing semi-optimum rule sets, we incorporate beam search to the system for synthesizing semi-minimal rule sets. The paper shows several experimental results on learning CFGs and DCGs, and we analyze the sizes of rule sets and the computation time.
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Stabilization of exosome-targeting peptides via engineered glycosylation.
Hung, Michelle E; Leonard, Joshua N
2015-03-27
Exosomes are secreted extracellular vesicles that mediate intercellular transfer of cellular contents and are attractive vehicles for therapeutic delivery of bimolecular cargo such as nucleic acids, proteins, and even drugs. Efficient exosome-mediated delivery in vivo requires targeting vesicles for uptake by specific recipient cells. Although exosomes have been successfully targeted to several cellular receptors by displaying peptides on the surface of the exosomes, identifying effective exosome-targeting peptides for other receptors has proven challenging. Furthermore, the biophysical rules governing targeting peptide success remain poorly understood. To evaluate one factor potentially limiting exosome delivery, we investigated whether peptides displayed on the exosome surface are degraded during exosome biogenesis, for example by endosomal proteases. Indeed, peptides fused to the N terminus of exosome-associated transmembrane protein Lamp2b were cleaved in samples derived from both cells and exosomes. To suppress peptide loss, we engineered targeting peptide-Lamp2b fusion proteins to include a glycosylation motif at various positions. Introduction of this glycosylation motif both protected the peptide from degradation and led to an increase in overall Lamp2b fusion protein expression in both cells and exosomes. Moreover, glycosylation-stabilized peptides enhanced targeted delivery of exosomes to neuroblastoma cells, demonstrating that such glycosylation does not ablate peptide-target interactions. Thus, we have identified a strategy for achieving robust display of targeting peptides on the surface of exosomes, which should facilitate the evaluation and development of new exosome-based therapeutics. © 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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Product asssurance requirements for micro VCM-apparatus and associated equipment
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
1982-10-01
The rules for performing Micro VCM-tests (vacuum tests) on materials for European Space Agency projects are presented. Formal guidelines for initial audits along with annual and special quality assurance reviews are summarized. Inspection forms are displayed.
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75 FR 70126 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Displays, Potomac River, National Harbor, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-11-17
... of docket USCG-2010-0776 and are available online by going to http://www.regulations.gov , inserting... Guard received a total of one piece of correspondence in response to the temporary interim rule. No...
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75 FR 53574 - Safety Zone; Fireworks Displays, Potomac River, National Harbor, MD
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-09-01
... would like to know that they reached the Facility, please enclose a stamped, self-addressed postcard or..., dangerous projectiles, and falling hot embers or other debris. This rule is needed to ensure safety on the...
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Two courts say ADA doesn't apply in parental rights cases.
1999-10-01
State courts in Connecticut and Ohio have ruled that the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) cannot be used as a defense against efforts by State child welfare agencies to gain custody of neglected or abused children. The ADA prohibits an individual from being denied access to services, programs, or activities of a public entity, but the courts ruled that the ADA did not apply to parental termination cases. The Connecticut and Ohio rulings both held that parents cannot use the ADA to prevent their children from being removed after they have been abused. The cases involved the States' obligations to preserve the family, but the courts ruled the question of whether welfare officials did their best to accommodate parents was irrelevant. A chart displays how the ADA applies to termination hearings in 12 States.
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Accommodation response measurements for integral 3D image
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hiura, H.; Mishina, T.; Arai, J.; Iwadate, Y.
2014-03-01
We measured accommodation responses under integral photography (IP), binocular stereoscopic, and real object display conditions, and viewing conditions of binocular and monocular viewing conditions. The equipment we used was an optometric device and a 3D display. We developed the 3D display for IP and binocular stereoscopic images that comprises a high-resolution liquid crystal display (LCD) and a high-density lens array. The LCD has a resolution of 468 dpi and a diagonal size of 4.8 inches. The high-density lens array comprises 106 x 69 micro lenses that have a focal length of 3 mm and diameter of 1 mm. The lenses are arranged in a honeycomb pattern. The 3D display was positioned 60 cm from an observer under IP and binocular stereoscopic display conditions. The target was presented at eight depth positions relative to the 3D display: 15, 10, and 5 cm in front of the 3D display, on the 3D display panel, and 5, 10, 15 and 30 cm behind the 3D display under the IP and binocular stereoscopic display conditions. Under the real object display condition, the target was displayed on the 3D display panel, and the 3D display was placed at the eight positions. The results suggest that the IP image induced more natural accommodation responses compared to the binocular stereoscopic image. The accommodation responses of the IP image were weaker than those of a real object; however, they showed a similar tendency with those of the real object under the two viewing conditions. Therefore, IP can induce accommodation to the depth positions of 3D images.
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Migraine in young females with irritable bowel syndrome: still a challenge
Georgescu, Doina; Reisz, Daniela; Gurban, Camelia Vidita; Georgescu, Liviu Andrei; Ionita, Ioana; Ancusa, Oana Elena; Lighezan, Daniel
2018-01-01
Migraine without aura is frequently reported in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but knowledge about the relationship between these two conditions is still lacking. This study was aimed to explore the particularities of migraine without aura in young female patients with IBS in order to establish a possible link between them. From a cohort of young female patients hospitalized with IBS in the Internal Medicine Department, 30 joined this pilot study, and they were assigned into two groups on the basis of presence or absence of migraine. In this sample, 15 patients have mild to moderate migraine without aura, with a recently taken normal brain scan, and 15 were without migraine. Diseases and conditions not related to migraine and other possible specific female comorbidities were ruled out. Patients undertook a thorough clinical examination in order to assess fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic pelvic pain (CPP), Questionnaires for migraine disability assessment (MIDAS) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) were performed. Laboratory testing of blood, urine, and stool were also performed. Optimized lymphocyte proliferation test for food allergy (FA) and a fecal microbiota (microbiological semiquantitative method) for dysbiosis (DB) assessment were performed. Based on the results, migraine-positive group displayed more severe comorbidities: FM (p=0.0002), FA (p=0.0006), CPP (p=0.026), higher scores of anxiety (GAD, p=0.0008), and more severe DB (p=0.0009). We noticed a strong positive correlation between MIDAS and GAD (r=0.83), a good positive correlation between MIDAS and DB (r=0.56), and a moderate positive correlation between MIDAS, FM, and FA (r=0.46 and 0.41). In conclusion, young female patients with IBS and migraine without aura displayed more severe associated issues – anxiety, intestinal DB, FM, FA, and CPP. The severity of migraine correlated well with anxiety range and DB magnitude and moderately with FM and FA. PMID:29302188
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Advanced symbology for general aviation approach to landing displays
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Bryant, W. H.
1983-01-01
A set of flight tests designed to evaluate the relative utility of candidate displays with advanced symbology for general aviation terminal area instrument flight rules operations are discussed. The symbology was previously evaluated as part of the NASA Langley Research Center's Terminal Configured Vehicle Program for use in commercial airlines. The advanced symbology included vehicle track angle, flight path angle and a perspective representation of the runway. These symbols were selectively drawn on a cathode ray tube (CRT) display along with the roll attitude, pitch attitude, localizer deviation and glideslope deviation. In addition to the CRT display, the instrument panel contained standard turn and bank, altimeter, rate of climb, airspeed, heading, and engine instruments. The symbology was evaluated using tracking performance and pilot subjective ratings for an instrument landing system capture and tracking task.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-09-12
... Period for Commission Action on Proposed Rule Change To Increase Position and Exercise Limits for EEM... change to increase position and exercise limits for EEM options. The proposed rule change was published... increase the position and exercise limits for EEM options. Accordingly, the Commission, pursuant to Section...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-10-22
... from Position Limits. Specifically, the proposed rule change will bring clarity and consistency to... To Amend BOX Rule 3130 (Exemptions From Position Limits) October 11, 2013. Pursuant to Section 19(b... Limits) to simplify the position limit exemptions available to Options Participants. The text of the...
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The visual display of regulatory information and networks.
Pirson, I; Fortemaison, N; Jacobs, C; Dremier, S; Dumont, J E; Maenhaut, C
2000-10-01
Cell regulation and signal transduction are becoming increasingly complex, with reports of new cross-signalling, feedback, and feedforward regulations between pathways and between the multiple isozymes discovered at each step of these pathways. However, this information, which requires pages of text for its description, can be summarized in very simple schemes, although there is no consensus on the drawing of such schemes. This article presents a simple set of rules that allows a lot of information to be inserted in easily understandable displays.
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Autotransporter-based cell surface display in Gram-negative bacteria.
Nicolay, Toon; Vanderleyden, Jos; Spaepen, Stijn
2015-02-01
Cell surface display of proteins can be used for several biotechnological applications such as the screening of protein libraries, whole cell biocatalysis and live vaccine development. Amongst all secretion systems and surface appendages of Gram-negative bacteria, the autotransporter secretion pathway holds great potential for surface display because of its modular structure and apparent simplicity. Autotransporters are polypeptides made up of an N-terminal signal peptide, a secreted or surface-displayed passenger domain and a membrane-anchored C-terminal translocation unit. Genetic replacement of the passenger domain allows for the surface display of heterologous passengers. An autotransporter-based surface expression module essentially consists of an application-dependent promoter system, a signal peptide, a passenger domain of interest and the autotransporter translocation unit. The passenger domain needs to be compatible with surface translocation although till now no general rules have been determined to test this compatibility. The autotransporter technology for surface display of heterologous passenger domains is critically discussed for various applications.
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From Rules to Guidelines: Moving to the Positive
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gartrell, Dan
2012-01-01
In a "Young Children" article worth revisiting, Wien (2004) makes the case that rules tend not to be helpful in early childhood communities. Rules are usually stated as negatives. When an adult enforces rules with children, the children know they have done something wrong. However, the negative experience in rule enforcement does not teach them…
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Gutiérrez, Jayson
2009-01-01
The way in which the information contained in genotypes is translated into complex phenotypic traits (i.e. embryonic expression patterns) depends on its decoding by a multilayered hierarchy of biomolecular systems (regulatory networks). Each layer of this hierarchy displays its own regulatory schemes (i.e. operational rules such as +/− feedback) and associated control parameters, resulting in characteristic variational constraints. This process can be conceptualized as a mapping issue, and in the context of highly-dimensional genotype-phenotype mappings (GPMs) epistatic events have been shown to be ubiquitous, manifested in non-linear correspondences between changes in the genotype and their phenotypic effects. In this study I concentrate on epistatic phenomena pervading levels of biological organization above the genetic material, more specifically the realm of molecular networks. At this level, systems approaches to studying GPMs are specially suitable to shed light on the mechanistic basis of epistatic phenomena. To this aim, I constructed and analyzed ensembles of highly-modular (fully interconnected) networks with distinctive topologies, each displaying dynamic behaviors that were categorized as either arbitrary or functional according to early patterning processes in the Drosophila embryo. Spatio-temporal expression trajectories in virtual syncytial embryos were simulated via reaction-diffusion models. My in silico mutational experiments show that: 1) the average fitness decay tendency to successively accumulated mutations in ensembles of functional networks indicates the prevalence of positive epistasis, whereas in ensembles of arbitrary networks negative epistasis is the dominant tendency; and 2) the evaluation of epistatic coefficients of diverse interaction orders indicates that, both positive and negative epistasis are more prevalent in functional networks than in arbitrary ones. Overall, I conclude that the phenotypic and fitness effects of multiple perturbations are strongly conditioned by both the regulatory architecture (i.e. pattern of coupled feedback structures) and the dynamic nature of the spatio-temporal expression trajectories displayed by the simulated networks. PMID:19738908
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The Cape Town Clinical Decision Rule for Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Children.
Engel, Mark E; Cohen, Karen; Gounden, Ronald; Kengne, Andre P; Barth, Dylan Dominic; Whitelaw, Andrew C; Francis, Veronica; Badri, Motasim; Stewart, Annemie; Dale, James B; Mayosi, Bongani M; Maartens, Gary
2017-03-01
Existing clinical decision rules (CDRs) to diagnose group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis have not been validated in sub-Saharan Africa. We developed a locally applicable CDR while evaluating existing CDRs for diagnosing GAS pharyngitis in South African children. We conducted a prospective cohort study and enrolled 997 children 3-15 years of age presenting to primary care clinics with a complaint of sore throat, and whose parents provided consent. Main outcome measures were signs and symptoms of pharyngitis and a positive GAS culture from a throat swab. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to develop the CDR. In addition, the diagnostic effectiveness of 6 existing rules for predicting a positive culture in our cohort was assessed. A total of 206 of 982 children (21%) had a positive GAS culture. Tonsillar swelling, tonsillar exudates, tender or enlarged anterior cervical lymph nodes, absence of cough and absence of rhinorrhea were associated with positive cultures in bivariate and multivariate analyses. Four variables (tonsillar swelling and one of tonsillar exudate, no rhinorrhea, no cough), when used in a cumulative score, showed 83.7% sensitivity and 32.2% specificity for GAS pharyngitis. Of existing rules tested, the rule by McIsaac et al had the highest positive predictive value (28%), but missed 49% of the culture-positive children who should have been treated. The new 4-variable CDR for GAS pharyngitis (ie, tonsillar swelling and one of tonsillar exudate, no rhinorrhea, no cough) outperformed existing rules for GAS pharyngitis diagnosis in children with symptomatic sore throat in Cape Town.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-09-09
.... This schedule is known as the DMM Capital Commitment Schedule (``CCS'').\\10\\ CCS provides the Display... and inside the Exchange Best Bid or Best Offer (``BBO''). CCS interest is separate and distinct from...
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36 CFR 1280.30 - Are soliciting, vending, and debt collection allowed on NARA property?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
..., charitable, or commercial causes; (2) Sell any products; (3) Display or distribute commercial advertising; or... in this section prohibits employees from activities permitted under the Standards of Ethical Conduct and Office of Government Ethics rules. ...
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36 CFR 1280.30 - Are soliciting, vending, and debt collection allowed on NARA property?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
..., charitable, or commercial causes; (2) Sell any products; (3) Display or distribute commercial advertising; or... in this section prohibits employees from activities permitted under the Standards of Ethical Conduct and Office of Government Ethics rules. ...
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78 FR 32121 - When Pigs Fly Fireworks Display; San Diego, CA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-05-29
... Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 553(b)). This provision authorizes an agency to issue a rule without prior notice... Security Management Directive 023-01 and Commandant Instruction M16475.lD, which guide the Coast Guard in...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-11-26
... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Establish a Limited Waiver of the TRACE Professional Real-Time Data... limited waiver of the Professional Real-Time Data Display Fee of $60 to access Real-Time Trade Reporting...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-11-16
... submit comments by mail and would like to know that they reached the Facility, please enclose a stamped... accidental discharge of fireworks, dangerous projectiles, and falling hot embers or other debris. This rule...
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Bochsler, Daniel C.
1988-01-01
A complete listing is given of the expert system rules for the Entry phase of the Onboard Navigation (ONAV) Ground Based Expert Trainer System for aircraft/space shuttle navigation. These source listings appear in the same format as utilized and required by the C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) expert system shell which is the basis for the ONAV entry system. A schematic overview is given of how the rules are organized. These groups result from a partitioning of the rules according to the overall function which a given set of rules performs. This partitioning was established and maintained according to that established in the knowledge specification document. In addition, four other groups of rules are specified. The four groups (control flow, operator inputs, output management, and data tables) perform functions that affect all the other functional rule groups. As the name implies, control flow ensures that the rule groups are executed in the order required for proper operation; operator input rules control the introduction into the CLIPS fact base of various kinds of data required by the expert system; output management rules control the updating of the ONAV expert system user display screen during execution of the system; and data tables are static information utilized by many different rule sets gathered in one convenient place.
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Syntactic learning by mere exposure - An ERP study in adult learners
Mueller, Jutta L; Oberecker, Regine; Friederici, Angela D
2009-01-01
Background Artificial language studies have revealed the remarkable ability of humans to extract syntactic structures from a continuous sound stream by mere exposure. However, it remains unclear whether the processes acquired in such tasks are comparable to those applied during normal language processing. The present study compares the ERPs to auditory processing of simple Italian sentences in native and non-native speakers after brief exposure to Italian sentences of a similar structure. The sentences contained a non-adjacent dependency between an auxiliary and the morphologically marked suffix of the verb. Participants were presented four alternating learning and testing phases. During learning phases only correct sentences were presented while during testing phases 50 percent of the sentences contained a grammatical violation. Results The non-native speakers successfully learned the dependency and displayed an N400-like negativity and a subsequent anteriorily distributed positivity in response to rule violations. The native Italian group showed an N400 followed by a P600 effect. Conclusion The presence of the P600 suggests that native speakers applied a grammatical rule. In contrast, non-native speakers appeared to use a lexical form-based processing strategy. Thus, the processing mechanisms acquired in the language learning task were only partly comparable to those applied by competent native speakers. PMID:19640301
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Syntactic learning by mere exposure--an ERP study in adult learners.
Mueller, Jutta L; Oberecker, Regine; Friederici, Angela D
2009-07-29
Artificial language studies have revealed the remarkable ability of humans to extract syntactic structures from a continuous sound stream by mere exposure. However, it remains unclear whether the processes acquired in such tasks are comparable to those applied during normal language processing. The present study compares the ERPs to auditory processing of simple Italian sentences in native and non-native speakers after brief exposure to Italian sentences of a similar structure. The sentences contained a non-adjacent dependency between an auxiliary and the morphologically marked suffix of the verb. Participants were presented four alternating learning and testing phases. During learning phases only correct sentences were presented while during testing phases 50 percent of the sentences contained a grammatical violation. The non-native speakers successfully learned the dependency and displayed an N400-like negativity and a subsequent anteriorily distributed positivity in response to rule violations. The native Italian group showed an N400 followed by a P600 effect. The presence of the P600 suggests that native speakers applied a grammatical rule. In contrast, non-native speakers appeared to use a lexical form-based processing strategy. Thus, the processing mechanisms acquired in the language learning task were only partly comparable to those applied by competent native speakers.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-10-28
... Amending Commentary .07 to Rule 904 To Extend the Pilot Program That Eliminated the Position Limits for... that eliminated the position limits for options on SPDR S&P 500 ETF (``SPY'') (``SPY Pilot Program...- regulatory organizations (``SROs'') have adopted similar rules eliminating position limits on SPY and market...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-01-01
... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...
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Loop Mirror Laser Neural Network with a Fast Liquid-Crystal Display
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Mos, Evert C.; Schleipen, Jean J. H. B.; de Waardt, Huug; Khoe, Djan G. D.
1999-07-01
In our laser neural network (LNN) all-optical threshold action is obtained by application of controlled optical feedback to a laser diode. Here an extended experimental LNN is presented with as many as 32 neurons and 12 inputs. In the setup we use a fast liquid-crystal display to implement an optical matrix vector multiplier. This display, based on ferroelectric liquid-crystal material, enables us to present 125 training examples s to the LNN. To maximize the optical feedback efficiency of the setup, a loop mirror is introduced. We use a -rule learning algorithm to train the network to perform a number of functions toward the application area of telecommunication data switching.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Xiao, Dan; Li, Xiaowei; Liu, Su-Juan; Wang, Qiong-Hua
2018-03-01
In this paper, a new scheme of multiple-image encryption and display based on computer-generated holography (CGH) and maximum length cellular automata (MLCA) is presented. With the scheme, the computer-generated hologram, which has the information of the three primitive images, is generated by modified Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) iterative algorithm using three different fractional orders in fractional Fourier domain firstly. Then the hologram is encrypted using MLCA mask. The ciphertext can be decrypted combined with the fractional orders and the rules of MLCA. Numerical simulations and experimental display results have been carried out to verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
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COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE NRL SATELLITE POSITION DISPLAY,
NRL Satellite position Prediction And Display ( SPAD ), provides a considerable amount of display control versatility. Up to eleven satellites can be...expanded mode. A commercial equivalent of the AN/UYK-1 computer was used in the research version of SPAD . Since the program was written in a
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Preliminary PANSAT ground station software design and use of an expert system to analyze telemetry
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lawrence, Gregory W.
1994-03-01
The Petite Amateur Navy Satellite (PANSAT) is a communications satellite designed to be used by civilian amateur radio operators. A master ground station is being built at the Naval Postgraduate School. This computer system performs satellite commands, displays telemetry, trouble-shoots problems, and passes messages. The system also controls an open loop tracking antenna. This paper concentrates on the telemetry display, decoding, and interpretation through artificial intelligence (AI). The telemetry is displayed in an easily interpretable format, so that any user can understand the current health of the satellite and be cued as to any problems and possible solutions. Only the master ground station has the ability to receive all telemetry and send commands to the spacecraft; civilian ham users do not have access to this information. The telemetry data is decommutated and analyzed before it is displayed to the user, so that the raw data will not have to be interpreted by ground users. The analysis will use CLIPS imbedded in the code, and derive its inputs from telemetry decommutation. The program is an expert system using a forward chaining set of rules based on the expected operation and parameters of the satellite. By building the rules during the construction and design of the satellite, the telemetry can be well understood and interpreted after the satellite is launched and the designers may no longer be available to provide input to the problem.
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Signal-chip microcomputer control system for a diffraction grating ruling engine
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Wang, Xiaolin; Zhang, Yuhua; Yang, Houmin; Guo, Du
1998-08-01
A control system with a chip of 8031 single-chip microcomputer as its nucleus for a diffraction grating ruling engine has been developed, its hardware and software are presented in this paper. A series of techniques such as program-controlled amplifier and interference fringes subdivision as well as motor velocity step governing are adopted to improve the control accuracy. With this control system, 8 kinds of gratings of different spacings can be ruled, the positioning precision of the diffraction grating ruling engine (sigma) equals 3.6 nm, and the maximum positioning error is less than 14.6 nm.
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Kaiser, W; Faber, T S; Findeis, M
1996-01-01
The authors developed a computer program that detects myocardial infarction (MI) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in two steps: (1) by extracting parameter values from a 10-second, 12-lead electrocardiogram, and (2) by classifying the extracted parameter values with rule sets. Every disease has its dedicated set of rules. Hence, there are separate rule sets for anterior MI, inferior MI, and LVH. If at least one rule is satisfied, the disease is said to be detected. The computer program automatically develops these rule sets. A database (learning set) of healthy subjects and patients with MI, LVH, and mixed MI+LVH was used. After defining the rule type, initial limits, and expected quality of the rules (positive predictive value, minimum number of patients), the program creates a set of rules by varying the limits. The general rule type is defined as: disease = lim1l < p1 < or = lim1u and lim2l < p2 < or = lim2u and ... limnl < pn < or = limnu. When defining the rule types, only the parameters (p1 ... pn) that are known as clinical electrocardiographic criteria (amplitudes [mV] of Q, R, and T waves and ST-segment; duration [ms] of Q wave; frontal angle [degrees]) were used. This allowed for submitting the learned rule sets to an independent investigator for medical verification. It also allowed the creation of explanatory texts with the rules. These advantages are not offered by the neurons of a neural network. The learned rules were checked against a test set and the following results were obtained: MI: sensitivity 76.2%, positive predictive value 98.6%; LVH: sensitivity 72.3%, positive predictive value 90.9%. The specificity ratings for MI are better than 98%; for LVH, better than 90%.
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Basic concepts and development of an all-purpose computer interface for ROC/FROC observer study.
Shiraishi, Junji; Fukuoka, Daisuke; Hara, Takeshi; Abe, Hiroyuki
2013-01-01
In this study, we initially investigated various aspects of requirements for a computer interface employed in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and free-response ROC (FROC) observer studies which involve digital images and ratings obtained by observers (radiologists). Secondly, by taking into account these aspects, an all-purpose computer interface utilized for these observer performance studies was developed. Basically, the observer studies can be classified into three paradigms, such as one rating for one case without an identification of a signal location, one rating for one case with an identification of a signal location, and multiple ratings for one case with identification of signal locations. For these paradigms, display modes on the computer interface can be used for single/multiple views of a static image, continuous viewing with cascade images (i.e., CT, MRI), and dynamic viewing of movies (i.e., DSA, ultrasound). Various functions on these display modes, which include windowing (contrast/level), magnifications, and annotations, are needed to be selected by an experimenter corresponding to the purpose of the research. In addition, the rules of judgment for distinguishing between true positives and false positives are an important factor for estimating diagnostic accuracy in an observer study. We developed a computer interface which runs on a Windows operating system by taking into account all aspects required for various observer studies. This computer interface requires experimenters to have sufficient knowledge about ROC/FROC observer studies, but allows its use for any purpose of the observer studies. This computer interface will be distributed publicly in the near future.
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van der Werf, MJ; Borgdorff, MW
2008-01-01
Abstract Objective To evaluate the validity of the fixed mathematical relationship between the annual risk of tuberculous infection (ARTI), the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) and the incidence of smear-positive TB specified as the Styblo rule, which TB control programmes use to estimate the incidence of TB disease at a population level and the case detection rate. Methods Population-based tuberculin surveys and surveys on prevalence of smear-positive TB since 1975 were identified through a literature search. For these surveys, the ratio between the number of tuberculous infections (based on ARTI estimates) and the number of smear-positive TB cases was calculated and compared to the ratio of 8 to 12 tuberculous infections per prevalent smear-positive TB case as part of the Styblo rule. Findings Three countries had national population-based data on both ARTI and prevalence of smear-positive TB for more than one point in time. In China the ratio ranged from 3.4 to 5.8, in the Philippines from 2.6 to 4.4, and in the Republic of Korea, from 3.2 to 4.7. All ratios were markedly lower than the ratio that is part of the Styblo rule. Conclusion According to recent country data, there are typically fewer than 8 to 12 tuberculous infections per prevalent smear-positive TB case, and it remains unclear whether this ratio varies significantly among countries. The decrease in the ratio compared to the Styblo rule probably relates to improvements in the prompt treatment of TB disease (by national TB programmes). A change in the number of tuberculous infections per prevalent smear-positive TB case in population-based surveys makes the assumed fixed mathematical relationship between ARTI and incidence of smear-positive TB no longer valid. PMID:18235886
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1997-07-07
On April 8, 1997, the Department of Labor published interim final rules governing disclosure requirements for private sector group health plans (62 FR 16979). The rules implemented changes to made to certain provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), enacted as part of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) and the Newborns' and Mothers' Health Protection Act of 1996 (NMHPA). In the April 8 publication, the Department submitted its revision of the currently approved collection regarding Summary Plan Description requirements under ERISA to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for emergency review under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1965 (PRA 95). This document amends the April 8 Federal Register document to properly display the OMB control number, 1210-0039.
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77 FR 38495 - Safety Zone; Village of Sodus Point Fireworks Display, Sodus Bay, Sodus Point, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-28
.... Regulatory History and Information The Coast Guard is issuing this temporary final rule without prior notice... of any grant or loan recipients, and will not raise any novel legal or policy issues. The safety zone...
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A System for Generating Instructional Computer Graphics.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nygard, Kendall E.; Ranganathan, Babusankar
1983-01-01
Description of the Tektronix-Based Interactive Graphics System for Instruction (TIGSI), which was developed for generating graphics displays in computer-assisted instruction materials, discusses several applications (e.g., reinforcing learning of concepts, principles, rules, and problem-solving techniques) and presents advantages of the TIGSI…
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Interactive display system having a digital micromirror imaging device
Veligdan, James T.; DeSanto, Leonard; Kaull, Lisa; Brewster, Calvin
2006-04-11
A display system includes a waveguide optical panel having an inlet face and an opposite outlet face. A projector cooperates with a digital imaging device, e.g. a digital micromirror imaging device, for projecting an image through the panel for display on the outlet face. The imaging device includes an array of mirrors tiltable between opposite display and divert positions. The display positions reflect an image light beam from the projector through the panel for display on the outlet face. The divert positions divert the image light beam away from the panel, and are additionally used for reflecting a probe light beam through the panel toward the outlet face. Covering a spot on the panel, e.g. with a finger, reflects the probe light beam back through the panel toward the inlet face for detection thereat and providing interactive capability.
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Ising versus S U (2) 2 string-net ladder
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Vidal, Julien
2018-03-01
We consider the string-net model obtained from S U (2) 2 fusion rules. These fusion rules are shared by two different sets of anyon theories. In this paper, we study the competition between the two corresponding non-Abelian quantum phases in the ladder geometry. A detailed symmetry analysis shows that the nontrivial low-energy sector corresponds to the transverse-field cluster model that displays a critical point described by the s o (2) 1 conformal field theory. Other sectors are obtained by freezing spins in this model.
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Required warnings for cigarette packages and advertisements. Final rule.
2011-06-22
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is amending its regulations to add a new requirement for the display of health warnings on cigarette packages and in cigarette advertisements. This rule implements a provision of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act) that requires FDA to issue regulations requiring color graphics, depicting the negative health consequences of smoking, to accompany the nine new textual warning statements required under the Tobacco Control Act. The Tobacco Control Act amends the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (FCLAA) to require each cigarette package and advertisement to bear one of nine new textual warning statements. This final rule specifies the color graphic images that must accompany each of the nine new textual warning statements.
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Emergent dynamics of laboratory insect swarms
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kelley, Douglas H.; Ouellette, Nicholas T.
2013-01-01
Collective animal behaviour occurs at nearly every biological size scale, from single-celled organisms to the largest animals on earth. It has long been known that models with simple interaction rules can reproduce qualitative features of this complex behaviour. But determining whether these models accurately capture the biology requires data from real animals, which has historically been difficult to obtain. Here, we report three-dimensional, time-resolved measurements of the positions, velocities, and accelerations of individual insects in laboratory swarms of the midge Chironomus riparius. Even though the swarms do not show an overall polarisation, we find statistical evidence for local clusters of correlated motion. We also show that the swarms display an effective large-scale potential that keeps individuals bound together, and we characterize the shape of this potential. Our results provide quantitative data against which the emergent characteristics of animal aggregation models can be benchmarked.
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Forced displacement and women's security in Colombia.
Meertens, Donny
2010-04-01
In the protracted Colombian conflict, assistance to internally displaced persons has developed in the context of contradictory political processes. The Colombian government's launching of a transitional justice process in the midst of armed conflict has generated a complex situation displaying both conflict and post-conflict characteristics. The progressive Constitutional Court rulings on internal displacement, in particular the gender-sensitive Auto 092, constitute an attempt to bring together humanitarian interventions and transitional justice measures in a rights-based framework. However, the national government is reluctant to adopt them fully and local realities still hamper their integrated implementation. Displaced women, therefore, remain in an especially vulnerable position. This paper argues that gender-sensitive humanitarian interventions must take into account all of these complexities of scale and political process in order to make legal frameworks more effective at the local level. In these contexts, interventions should pay particular attention to strategies that contribute to transforming pre-existing gender regimes.
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Lehrer, Roni; Schumacher, Gijs
2018-01-01
The policy positions parties choose are central to both attracting voters and forming coalition governments. How then should parties choose positions to best represent voters? Laver and Sergenti show that in an agent-based model with boundedly rational actors a decision rule (Aggregator) that takes the mean policy position of its supporters is the best rule to achieve high congruence between voter preferences and party positions. But this result only pertains to representation by the legislature, not representation by the government. To evaluate this we add a coalition formation procedure with boundedly rational parties to the Laver and Sergenti model of party competition. We also add two new decision rules that are sensitive to government formation outcomes rather than voter positions. We develop two simulations: a single-rule one in which parties with the same rule compete and an evolutionary simulation in which parties with different rules compete. In these simulations we analyze party behavior under a large number of different parameters that describe real-world variance in political parties' motives and party system characteristics. Our most important conclusion is that Aggregators also produce the best match between government policy and voter preferences. Moreover, even though citizens often frown upon politicians' interest in the prestige and rents that come with winning political office (office pay-offs), we find that citizens actually receive better representation by the government if politicians are motivated by these office pay-offs in contrast to politicians with ideological motivations (policy pay-offs). Finally, we show that while more parties are linked to better political representation, how parties choose policy positions affects political representation as well. Overall, we conclude that to understand variation in the quality of political representation scholars should look beyond electoral systems and take into account variation in party behavior as well.
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2018-01-01
The policy positions parties choose are central to both attracting voters and forming coalition governments. How then should parties choose positions to best represent voters? Laver and Sergenti show that in an agent-based model with boundedly rational actors a decision rule (Aggregator) that takes the mean policy position of its supporters is the best rule to achieve high congruence between voter preferences and party positions. But this result only pertains to representation by the legislature, not representation by the government. To evaluate this we add a coalition formation procedure with boundedly rational parties to the Laver and Sergenti model of party competition. We also add two new decision rules that are sensitive to government formation outcomes rather than voter positions. We develop two simulations: a single-rule one in which parties with the same rule compete and an evolutionary simulation in which parties with different rules compete. In these simulations we analyze party behavior under a large number of different parameters that describe real-world variance in political parties’ motives and party system characteristics. Our most important conclusion is that Aggregators also produce the best match between government policy and voter preferences. Moreover, even though citizens often frown upon politicians’ interest in the prestige and rents that come with winning political office (office pay-offs), we find that citizens actually receive better representation by the government if politicians are motivated by these office pay-offs in contrast to politicians with ideological motivations (policy pay-offs). Finally, we show that while more parties are linked to better political representation, how parties choose policy positions affects political representation as well. Overall, we conclude that to understand variation in the quality of political representation scholars should look beyond electoral systems and take into account variation in party behavior as well. PMID:29394268
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Automated visualization of rule-based models
Tapia, Jose-Juan; Faeder, James R.
2017-01-01
Frameworks such as BioNetGen, Kappa and Simmune use “reaction rules” to specify biochemical interactions compactly, where each rule specifies a mechanism such as binding or phosphorylation and its structural requirements. Current rule-based models of signaling pathways have tens to hundreds of rules, and these numbers are expected to increase as more molecule types and pathways are added. Visual representations are critical for conveying rule-based models, but current approaches to show rules and interactions between rules scale poorly with model size. Also, inferring design motifs that emerge from biochemical interactions is an open problem, so current approaches to visualize model architecture rely on manual interpretation of the model. Here, we present three new visualization tools that constitute an automated visualization framework for rule-based models: (i) a compact rule visualization that efficiently displays each rule, (ii) the atom-rule graph that conveys regulatory interactions in the model as a bipartite network, and (iii) a tunable compression pipeline that incorporates expert knowledge and produces compact diagrams of model architecture when applied to the atom-rule graph. The compressed graphs convey network motifs and architectural features useful for understanding both small and large rule-based models, as we show by application to specific examples. Our tools also produce more readable diagrams than current approaches, as we show by comparing visualizations of 27 published models using standard graph metrics. We provide an implementation in the open source and freely available BioNetGen framework, but the underlying methods are general and can be applied to rule-based models from the Kappa and Simmune frameworks also. We expect that these tools will promote communication and analysis of rule-based models and their eventual integration into comprehensive whole-cell models. PMID:29131816
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Lightning forecasting studies using LDAR, LLP, field mill, surface mesonet, and Doppler radar data
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Forbes, Gregory S.; Hoffert, Steven G.
1995-01-01
The ultimate goal of this research is to develop rules, algorithms, display software, and training materials that can be used by the operational forecasters who issue weather advisories for daily ground operations and launches by NASA and the United States Air Force to improve real-time forecasts of lightning. Doppler radar, Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR), Lightning Location and Protection (LLP), field mill (Launch Pad Lightning Warning System -- LPLWS), wind tower (surface mesonet) and additional data sets have been utilized in 10 case studies of thunderstorms in the vicinity of KSC during the summers of 1994 and 1995. These case studies reveal many intriguing aspects of cloud-to-ground, cloud-to-cloud, in-cloud, and cloud-to-air lightning discharges in relation to radar thunderstorm structure and evolution. They also enable the formulation of some preliminary working rules of potential use in the forecasting of initial and final ground strike threat. In addition, LDAR and LLP data sets from 1993 have been used to quantify the lightning threat relative to the center and edges of LDAR discharge patterns. Software has been written to overlay and display the various data sets as color imagery. However, human intervention is required to configure the data sets for proper intercomparison. Future efforts will involve additional software development to automate the data set intercomparisons, to display multiple overlay combinations in a windows format, and to allow for animation of the imagery. The software package will then be used as a tool to examine more fully the current cases and to explore additional cases in a timely manner. This will enable the formulation of more general and reliable forecasting guidelines and rules.
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Aragón, Oriana R; Bargh, John A
2018-03-01
Happiness can be expressed through smiles. Happiness can also be expressed through physical displays that without context, would appear to be sadness (tears, downward turned mouths, and crumpled body postures) and anger (clenched jaws, snarled lips, furrowed brows, and pumped fists). These seemingly incongruent displays of happiness, termed dimorphous expressions, we propose, represent and communicate expressers' motivational orientations. When participants reported their own aggressive expressions in positive or negative contexts, their expressions represented positive or negative emotional experiences respectively, imbued with appetitive orientations (feelings of wanting to go). In contrast, reported sad expressions, in positive or negative contexts, represented positive and negative emotional experiences respectively, imbued with consummatory orientations (feelings of wanting to pause). In six additional experiments, participant observers interpreted that aggression displayed in positive contexts signalled happy-appetitive states, and sadness displayed in positive contexts signalled happy-consummatory states. Implications for the production and interpretation of emotion expressions are discussed.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-12-09
... 3120 To Extend the Pilot Program That Eliminated the Position Limits for Options on SPDR S&P 500 ETF... extend the pilot program that eliminated the position limits for options on SPDR S&P 500 ETF (``SPY...- regulatory organizations (``SROs'') have adopted similar rules eliminating position limits on SPY and market...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-12-11
... Change Amending Commentary .06 to Exchange Rule 6.8 To Increase the Position and Exercise Limits for... position and exercise limits for options on the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets Index Fund (``EEM'') to 500... change is to amend Exchange Rule 6.8, Commentary .06 to increase the position and exercise limits for EEM...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-07-03
... Proposed Rule Change Amending Commentary .07 to NYSE Amex Options Rule 904 To Eliminate Position Limits for... Act of 1934 (the ``Act'') \\2\\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\\3\\ a proposed rule change to eliminate... side of the market. The proposal would amend Commentary .07 to NYSE Amex Options Rule 904 to eliminate...
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Transformations of visual memory induced by implied motions of pattern elements.
Finke, R A; Freyd, J J
1985-10-01
Four experiments measured distortions in short-term visual memory induced by displays depicting independent translations of the elements of a pattern. In each experiment, observers saw a sequence of 4 dot patterns and were instructed to remember the third pattern and to compare it with the fourth. The first three patterns depicted translations of the dots in consistent, but separate directions. Error rates and reaction times for rejecting the fourth pattern as different from the third were substantially higher when the dots in that pattern were displaced slightly forward, in the same directions as the implied motions, compared with when the dots were displaced in the opposite, backward directions. These effects showed little variation across interstimulus intervals ranging from 250 to 2,000 ms, and did not depend on whether the displays gave rise to visual apparent motion. However, they were eliminated when the dots in the fourth pattern were displaced by larger amounts in each direction, corresponding to the dot positions in the next and previous patterns in the same inducing sequence. These findings extend our initial report of the phenomenon of "representational momentum" (Freyd & Finke, 1984a), and help to rule out alternatives to the proposal that visual memories tend to undergo, at least to some extent, the transformations implied by a prior sequence of observed events.
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Cognitive changes in conjunctive rule-based category learning: An ERP approach.
Rabi, Rahel; Joanisse, Marc F; Zhu, Tianshu; Minda, John Paul
2018-06-25
When learning rule-based categories, sufficient cognitive resources are needed to test hypotheses, maintain the currently active rule in working memory, update rules after feedback, and to select a new rule if necessary. Prior research has demonstrated that conjunctive rules are more complex than unidimensional rules and place greater demands on executive functions like working memory. In our study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants performed a conjunctive rule-based category learning task with trial-by-trial feedback. In line with prior research, correct categorization responses resulted in a larger stimulus-locked late positive complex compared to incorrect responses, possibly indexing the updating of rule information in memory. Incorrect trials elicited a pronounced feedback-locked P300 elicited which suggested a disconnect between perception, and the rule-based strategy. We also examined the differential processing of stimuli that were able to be correctly classified by the suboptimal single-dimensional rule ("easy" stimuli) versus those that could only be correctly classified by the optimal, conjunctive rule ("difficult" stimuli). Among strong learners, a larger, late positive slow wave emerged for difficult compared with easy stimuli, suggesting differential processing of category items even though strong learners performed well on the conjunctive category set. Overall, the findings suggest that ERP combined with computational modelling can be used to better understand the cognitive processes involved in rule-based category learning.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Binzel, Richard P.; DeMeo, Francesca E.; Burt, Brian J.; Cloutis, Edward A.; Rozitis, Ben; Burbine, Thomas H.; Campins, Humberto; Clark, Beth Ellen; Emery, Joshua P.; Hergenrother, Carl W.; Howell, Ellen S.; Lauretta, Dante S.; Nolan, Michael C.; Mansfield, Megan; Pietrasz, Valerie; Polishook, David; Scheeres, Daniel J.
2015-08-01
Ongoing spectroscopic reconnaissance of the OSIRIS-REx target Asteroid (101955) Bennu was performed in July 2011 and May 2012. Near-infrared spectra taken during these apparitions display slightly more positive ("redder") spectral slopes than most previously reported measurements. While observational systematic effects can produce such slope changes, and these effects cannot be ruled out, we entertain the hypothesis that the measurements are correct. Under this assumption, we present laboratory measurements investigating a plausible explanation that positive spectral slopes indicate a finer grain size for the most directly observed sub-Earth region on the asteroid. In all cases, the positive spectral slopes correspond to sub-Earth latitudes nearest to the equatorial ridge of Bennu. If confirmed by OSIRIS-REx in situ observations, one possible physical implication is that if the equatorial ridge is created by regolith migration during episodes of rapid rotation, that migration is most strongly dominated by finer grain material. Alternatively, after formation of the ridge (by regolith of any size distribution), larger-sized equatorial material may be more subject to loss due to centrifugal acceleration relative to finer grain material, where cohesive forces can preferentially retain the finest fraction (Rozitis, B., Maclennan, E., Emery, J.P. [2014]. Nature 512, 174-176).
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Looking forward: In-vehicle auxiliary display positioning affects carsickness.
Kuiper, Ouren X; Bos, Jelte E; Diels, Cyriel
2018-04-01
Carsickness is associated with a mismatch between actual and anticipated sensory signals. Occupants of automated vehicles, especially when using a display, are at higher risk of becoming carsick than drivers of conventional vehicles. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of positioning of in-vehicle displays, and subsequent available peripheral vision, on carsickness of passengers. We hypothesized that increased peripheral vision during display use would reduce carsickness. Seated in the front passenger seat 18 participants were driven a 15-min long slalom on two occasions while performing a continuous visual search-task. The display was positioned either at 1) eye-height in front of the windscreen, allowing peripheral view on the outside world, and 2) the height of the glove compartment, allowing only limited view on the outside world. Motion sickness was reported at 1-min intervals. Using a display at windscreen height resulted in less carsickness compared to a display at glove compartment height. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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32 CFR 707.10 - Wake illumination light.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Wake illumination light. 707.10 Section 707.10 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NAVIGATION SPECIAL RULES WITH... display a white spot light located near the stern to illuminate the wake. ...
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32 CFR 707.12 - Amphibious operations lights.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Amphibious operations lights. 707.12 Section 707.12 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NAVIGATION SPECIAL RULES... vessels engaged in night amphibious operations may display various arrangements of light systems...
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32 CFR 707.11 - Flight operations lights.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Flight operations lights. 707.11 Section 707.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NAVIGATION SPECIAL RULES WITH... in night flight operations may display various arrangements of light systems containing combinations...
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The Development of the Cohesive Use of Adversative Conjunctions in Discourse.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McClure, Erica; Geva, Esther
1983-01-01
Concludes that by grade four children have mastered the basic intrasentential use of both "but" and "although." Adds that not even by grade eight do children display knowledge of the intersentential rule of focus governing adult use of these conjunctions. (FL)
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Display rules for anger, sadness, and pain: it depends on who is watching.
Zeman, J; Garber, J
1996-06-01
This study examined factors that may influence children's decisions to control or express their emotions including type of emotion (anger, sadness, physical pain), type of audience (mother, father, peer, alone), age, and sex. Children's reported use of display rules, reasons for their decisions, and reported method of expression were examined. Subjects were 32 boys and 32 girls in each of the first (M = 7.25 years old), third (M = 9.33 years old), and fifth grades (M = 11.75 years old). Regardless of the type of emotion experienced, children reported controlling their expression of emotion significantly more in the presence of peers than when they were with either their mother or father or when they were alone. Younger children reported expressing sadness and anger significantly more often than did older children, and girls were more likely than boys to report expressing sadness and pain. Children's primary reason for controlling their emotional expressions was the expectation of a negative interpersonal interaction following disclosure.
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An information theory account of late frontoparietal ERP positivities in cognitive control.
Barceló, Francisco; Cooper, Patrick S
2018-03-01
ERP research on task switching has revealed distinct transient and sustained positive waveforms (latency circa 300-900 ms) while shifting task rules or stimulus-response (S-R) mappings. However, it remains unclear whether such switch-related positivities show similar scalp topography and index context-updating mechanisms akin to those posed for domain-general (i.e., classic P300) positivities in many task domains. To examine this question, ERPs were recorded from 31 young adults (18-30 years) while they were intermittently cued to switch or repeat their perceptual categorization of Gabor gratings varying in color and thickness (switch task), or else they performed two visually identical control tasks (go/no-go and oddball). Our task cueing paradigm examined two temporarily distinct stages of proactive rule updating and reactive rule execution. A simple information theory model helped us gauge cognitive demands under distinct temporal and task contexts in terms of low-level S-R pathways and higher-order rule updating operations. Task demands modulated domain-general (indexed by classic oddball P3) and switch positivities-indexed by both a cue-locked late positive complex and a sustained positivity ensuing task transitions. Topographic scalp analyses confirmed subtle yet significant split-second changes in the configuration of neural sources for both domain-general P3s and switch positivities as a function of both the temporal and task context. These findings partly meet predictions from information estimates, and are compatible with a family of P3-like potentials indexing functionally distinct neural operations within a common frontoparietal "multiple demand" system during the preparation and execution of simple task rules. © 2016 Society for Psychophysiological Research.
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Intraformation positioning system
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sheldon, Stuart; Zadzora, Timothy
1996-05-01
The IntraFormation Positioning System is a networked relative navigation system currently being developed for rendezvous, join-up, and formation flight of Air Force helicopters and fixed wing aircraft in instrument meteorological conditions. The system is designed to be integrated into existing aircraft and will display relative positions of all aircraft within a formation, as well as the relative positions of other formations participating in coordinated missions. The system uses a Global Positioning System receiver integrated with the aircraft Inertial Navigation System to generate accurate aircraft position and velocity data. These data are transmitted over a data link to all participating aircraft and displayed as graphic symbols at the relative range and bearing to own aircraft on a situational awareness display format similar to a radar plan position indicator. Flight guidance computation is based on the difference between a desired formation slot position and current aircraft position relative to the formation lead aircraft. This information is presented on the flight director display allowing the pilot to null out position errors. The system is being developed for the Air Force Special Operations Command; however, it is applicable to all aircraft desiring improved formation situational awareness and formation flight coordination.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Kalvin, Alan D.
2002-06-01
The importance of using perceptual colormaps for visualizing numerical data is well established in the fields of scientific visualization, computer graphics and color science and related areas of research. In practice however, the use of perceptual colormaps tends to be the exception rather than the rule. In general it is difficult for end-users to find suitable colormaps. In addition, even when such colormaps are available, the inherent variability in color reproduction among computer displays makes it very difficult for the users to verify that these colormaps do indeed preserve their perceptual characteristics when used on different displays. Generally, verification requires display profiling (evaluating the display's color reproduction characteristics), using a colorimeter or a similar type of measuring device. With the growth of the Internet, and the resulting proliferation of remote, client-based displays, the profiling problem has become even more difficult, and in many cases, impossible. We present a method for enumerating and generating perceptual colormaps in such a way that ensures that the perceptual characteristics of the colormaps are maintained for over a wide range of different displays. This method constructs colormaps that are guaranteed to be 'perceptually correct' for a given display by using whatever partial profile information of the display is available. We use the term 'graduated profiling' to describe this method of partial profiling.
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Liquid crystal displays with plastic substrates
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Lueder, Ernst H.
1998-04-01
Plastic substrates for the cells of displays exhibit only 1/6 of the weight of glass substrates; they are virtually unbreakable; their flexibility allows the designer to give them a shape suppressing reflections, to realize a display board on a curved surface or meeting the requirements for an appealing styling; displays with plastics are thinner which provides a wider viewing angle. These features render them attractive for displays in portable systems such as mobile phones, pagers, smart cards, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and portable computers. Reflective displays are especially attractive as they don't need a back light. The most important requirements are the protection of plastics against gas permeation and chemical agents, the prevention of layers on plastics to crack or peel off when the plastic is bent and the development of low temperature thin film processes because the plastics, as a rule, only tolerate temperatures below 150 degrees Celsius. Bistable reflective FLC- and PSCT-displays with plastic substrates will be introduced. Special sputtered SiO2-orientation layers preserve the displayed information even if pressure or torsion is applied. MIM-addressed PDLC-displays require additional Al- or Ti-layers which provide the necessary ductility. Sputtered or PECVD-generated TFTs can be fabricated on plastics at temperatures below 150 degrees Celsius.
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Mode Selection Rules for a Two-Delay System with Positive and Negative Feedback Loops
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Takahashi, Kin'ya; Kobayashi, Taizo
2018-04-01
The mode selection rules for a two-delay system, which has negative feedback with a short delay time t1 and positive feedback with a long delay time t2, are studied numerically and theoretically. We find two types of mode selection rules depending on the strength of the negative feedback. When the strength of the negative feedback |α1| (α1 < 0) is sufficiently small compared with that of the positive feedback α2 (> 0), 2m + 1-th harmonic oscillation is well sustained in a neighborhood of t1/t2 = even/odd, i.e., relevant condition. In a neighborhood of the irrelevant condition given by t1/t2 = odd/even or t1/t2 = odd/odd, higher harmonic oscillations are observed. However, if |α1| is slightly less than α2, a different mode selection rule works, where the condition t1/t2 = odd/even is relevant and the conditions t1/t2 = odd/odd and t1/t2 = even/odd are irrelevant. These mode selection rules are different from the mode selection rule of the normal two-delay system with two positive feedback loops, where t1/t2 = odd/odd is relevant and the others are irrelevant. The two types of mode selection rules are induced by individually different mechanisms controlling the Hopf bifurcation, i.e., the Hopf bifurcation controlled by the "boosted bifurcation process" and by the "anomalous bifurcation process", which occur for |α1| below and above the threshold value αth, respectively.
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Hierarchical and chemical space partitioning in new intermetallic borides MNi21B20 (M = In, Sn).
Wagner, Frank R; Zheng, Qiang; Gumeniuk, Roman; Bende, David; Prots, Yurii; Bobnar, Matej; Hu, Dong-Li; Burkhardt, Ulrich; Grin, Yuri; Leithe-Jasper, Andreas
2017-10-10
The compounds MNi 21 B 20 (M = In, Sn) have been synthesized and their cubic crystal structure determined (space group Pm3[combining macron]m, lattice parameters a = 7.1730(1) Å and a = 7.1834(1) Å, respectively). The structure can be described as a hierarchical partitioning of space based on a reo-e net formed by Ni3 species with large cubical, cuboctahedral and rhombicuboctahedral voids being filled according to [Ni1@Ni3 8 ], [M@Ni3 12 ], and [Ni2 6 @B 20 @Ni3 24 ], respectively. The [Ni 6 @B 20 ] motif inside the rhombicuboctahedral voids features an empty [Ni 6 ] octahedron surrounded by a [B 20 ] cage recently described in E 2 Ni 21 B 20 (E = Zn, Ga). Position-space bonding analysis using ELI-D and QTAIM space partitioning as well as 2- and 3-center delocalization indices gives strong support to an alternative chemical description of space partitioning based on face-condensed [B@Ni 6 ] trigonal prisms as basic building blocks. The shortest B-B contacts display locally nested 3-center B-B-Ni bonding inside each trigonal prism. This clearly rules out the notion of [Ni 6 @B 20 ] clusters and leads to the arrangement of 20 face-condensed [B@Ni2 3 Ni3 3 ] trigonal prisms resulting in a triple-shell like situation Ni2 6 @B 20 @Ni3 24 (reo-e), where the shells display comparable intra- and inter-shell bonding. Both compounds are Pauli paramagnets displaying metallic conductivity.
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Employer's Pocket Guide on Youth Employment. Youth Rules!
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
US Department of Labor, 2004
2004-01-01
Through the YouthRules! initiative, the U.S. Department of Labor and its strategic partners seek to promote positive and safe work experiences for young workers. YouthRules! strives to educate teens, parents, educators, employers and the public on Federal and State rules regarding young workers. Components of the initiative include a website…
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19 CFR 181.99 - Issuance of NAFTA advance rulings or other advice.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-04-01
... Procedures § 181.99 Issuance of NAFTA advance rulings or other advice. (a) NAFTA advance ruling letters—(1... advance ruling letter in the English language setting forth the position of Customs and the reasons... an information letter or, in those situations in which general information is likely to be of little...
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The cold-water connection: Bergmann's rule in North American freshwater fishes.
Rypel, Andrew L
2014-01-01
Understanding general rules governing macroecological body size variations is one of the oldest pursuits in ecology. However, this science has been dominated by studies of terrestrial vertebrates, spurring debate over the validity of such rules in other taxonomic groups. Here, relationships between maximum body size and latitude, temperature, and elevation were evaluated for 29 North American freshwater fish species. Bergmann's rule (i.e., that body size correlates positively with latitude and negatively with temperature) was observed in 38% of species, converse Bergmann's rule (that body size correlates negatively with latitude and positively with temperature) was observed in 34% of species, and 28% of species showed no macroecological body size relationships. Most notably, every species that expressed Bergmann's rule was a cool- or cold-water species while every species that expressed converse Bergmann's rule was a warm-water species, highlighting how these patterns are likely connected to species thermal niches. This study contradicts previous research suggesting Bergmann's rule does not apply to freshwater fishes, and is congruent with an emerging paradigm of variable macroecological body size patterns in poikilotherms.
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Lam, Catherine K; Huang, Xu; Janssen, Onne
2010-03-01
In this study, we investigated how supervisors' emotional exhaustion and service climate jointly influence the relationship between subordinates' emotional exhaustion and their display of positive emotions at work. Using data from frontline sales employees and their immediate supervisors in a fashion retailer, we hypothesized and found that under the condition of a less positive service climate, subordinates' emotional exhaustion was more negatively related to their positive emotional display when supervisors' emotional exhaustion was higher rather than lower; this interaction effect of subordinates' and supervisors' emotional exhaustion was not significant in a more positive service climate. These results suggest that service climate and supervisors' emotional exhaustion provide emotionally exhausted employees with important information cues about the possible availability of compensatory resources they need to uphold their efforts to display service-focused emotions. 2010 APA, all rights reserved
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Computer-generated imagery for 4-D meteorological data
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Hibbard, William L.
1986-01-01
The University of Wisconsin-Madison Space Science and Engineering Center is developing animated stereo display terminals for use with McIDAS (Man-computer Interactive Data Access System). This paper describes image-generation techniques which have been developed to take maximum advantage of these terminals, integrating large quantities of four-dimensional meteorological data from balloon and satellite soundings, satellite images, Doppler and volumetric radar, and conventional surface observations. The images have been designed to use perspective, shading, hidden-surface removal, and transparency to augment the animation and stereo-display geometry. They create an illusion of a moving three-dimensional model of the atmosphere. This paper describes the design of these images and a number of rules of thumb for generating four-dimensional meteorological displays.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-11-26
... of display screens, wireless headsets, and simultaneous transmission capabilities in handsets. The... Communications Commission. ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: In this document, the Wireless Telecommunications... relating to hearing aid compatibility of wireless handsets. The Bureau seeks updated comment on whether, in...
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47 CFR 61.15 - Letters of transmittal and cover letters.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... Section 61.15 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) TARIFFS Rules for Electronic Filing § 61.15 Letters of transmittal and cover letters. (a) All... pursuant to the notice requirements of section 204(a)(3) of the Communications Act shall display...
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Emotional Correlates of Social Competence in Children's Peer Relationships.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hubbard, Julie A.; Coie, John D.
1994-01-01
Reviews research that provides connections between the constructs of emotional functioning and social competence in children, focusing on such areas as children's understanding and identification of emotions, emotion regulation, emotion display rules, sympathetic responding, and children's mood states. Finds some support for the idea that high…
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A neural learning classifier system with self-adaptive constructivism for mobile robot control.
Hurst, Jacob; Bull, Larry
2006-01-01
For artificial entities to achieve true autonomy and display complex lifelike behavior, they will need to exploit appropriate adaptable learning algorithms. In this context adaptability implies flexibility guided by the environment at any given time and an open-ended ability to learn appropriate behaviors. This article examines the use of constructivism-inspired mechanisms within a neural learning classifier system architecture that exploits parameter self-adaptation as an approach to realize such behavior. The system uses a rule structure in which each rule is represented by an artificial neural network. It is shown that appropriate internal rule complexity emerges during learning at a rate controlled by the learner and that the structure indicates underlying features of the task. Results are presented in simulated mazes before moving to a mobile robot platform.
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DOT National Transportation Integrated Search
1995-11-01
A study was conducted to test the effect on airport surface situational awareness of GPS derived position information : depicted on a prototypical electronic taxi chart display. The effect of position error and position uncertainty : symbology were a...
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Madrigal-Garcia, Maria Isabel; Rodrigues, Marcos; Shenfield, Alex; Singer, Mervyn; Moreno-Cuesta, Jeronimo
2018-07-01
To identify facial expressions occurring in patients at risk of deterioration in hospital wards. Prospective observational feasibility study. General ward patients in a London Community Hospital, United Kingdom. Thirty-four patients at risk of clinical deterioration. A 5-minute video (25 frames/s; 7,500 images) was recorded, encrypted, and subsequently analyzed for action units by a trained facial action coding system psychologist blinded to outcome. Action units of the upper face, head position, eyes position, lips and jaw position, and lower face were analyzed in conjunction with clinical measures collected within the National Early Warning Score. The most frequently detected action units were action unit 43 (73%) for upper face, action unit 51 (11.7%) for head position, action unit 62 (5.8%) for eyes position, action unit 25 (44.1%) for lips and jaw, and action unit 15 (67.6%) for lower face. The presence of certain combined face displays was increased in patients requiring admission to intensive care, namely, action units 43 + 15 + 25 (face display 1, p < 0.013), action units 43 + 15 + 51/52 (face display 2, p < 0.003), and action units 43 + 15 + 51 + 25 (face display 3, p < 0.002). Having face display 1, face display 2, and face display 3 increased the risk of being admitted to intensive care eight-fold, 18-fold, and as a sure event, respectively. A logistic regression model with face display 1, face display 2, face display 3, and National Early Warning Score as independent covariates described admission to intensive care with an average concordance statistic (C-index) of 0.71 (p = 0.009). Patterned facial expressions can be identified in deteriorating general ward patients. This tool may potentially augment risk prediction of current scoring systems.
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Interactive Data Exploration with Smart Drill-Down
Joglekar, Manas; Garcia-Molina, Hector; Parameswaran, Aditya
2017-01-01
We present smart drill-down, an operator for interactively exploring a relational table to discover and summarize “interesting” groups of tuples. Each group of tuples is described by a rule. For instance, the rule (a, b, ⋆, 1000) tells us that there are a thousand tuples with value a in the first column and b in the second column (and any value in the third column). Smart drill-down presents an analyst with a list of rules that together describe interesting aspects of the table. The analyst can tailor the definition of interesting, and can interactively apply smart drill-down on an existing rule to explore that part of the table. We demonstrate that the underlying optimization problems are NP-Hard, and describe an algorithm for finding the approximately optimal list of rules to display when the user uses a smart drill-down, and a dynamic sampling scheme for efficiently interacting with large tables. Finally, we perform experiments on real datasets on our experimental prototype to demonstrate the usefulness of smart drill-down and study the performance of our algorithms. PMID:28210096
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Measure in the ESRD QIP for PY 2020. Final rule.
2017-08-04
This final rule updates the payment rates used under the prospective payment system (PPS) for skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) for fiscal year (FY) 2018. It also revises and rebases the market basket index by updating the base year from 2010 to 2014, and by adding a new cost category for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Services. The rule also finalizes revisions to the SNF Quality Reporting Program (QRP), including measure and standardized resident assessment data policies and policies related to public display. In addition, it finalizes policies for the Skilled Nursing Facility Value-Based Purchasing Program that will affect Medicare payment to SNFs beginning in FY 2019. The final rule also clarifies the regulatory requirements for team composition for surveys conducted for investigating a complaint and aligns regulatory provisions for investigation of complaints with the statutory requirements. The final rule also finalizes the performance period for the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Healthcare Personnel (HCP) Influenza Vaccination Reporting Measure included in the End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Quality Incentive Program (QIP) for Payment Year 2020.
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Explanation-based learning in infancy.
Baillargeon, Renée; DeJong, Gerald F
2017-10-01
In explanation-based learning (EBL), domain knowledge is leveraged in order to learn general rules from few examples. An explanation is constructed for initial exemplars and is then generalized into a candidate rule that uses only the relevant features specified in the explanation; if the rule proves accurate for a few additional exemplars, it is adopted. EBL is thus highly efficient because it combines both analytic and empirical evidence. EBL has been proposed as one of the mechanisms that help infants acquire and revise their physical rules. To evaluate this proposal, 11- and 12-month-olds (n = 260) were taught to replace their current support rule (that an object is stable when half or more of its bottom surface is supported) with a more sophisticated rule (that an object is stable when half or more of the entire object is supported). Infants saw teaching events in which asymmetrical objects were placed on a base, followed by static test displays involving a novel asymmetrical object and a novel base. When the teaching events were designed to facilitate EBL, infants learned the new rule with as few as two (12-month-olds) or three (11-month-olds) exemplars. When the teaching events were designed to impede EBL, however, infants failed to learn the rule. Together, these results demonstrate that even infants, with their limited knowledge about the world, benefit from the knowledge-based approach of EBL.
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Nanotechnology for the forest products industry
Theodore Wegner; Philip Jones
2005-01-01
Nanotechnology is defined as the manipulation of materials measuring 100 nanometers or less in at least one dimension. In addition, nanomaterials must display unique properties and characteristics that are different than their bulk properties. At the 1-nanometer (nm) level, quantum mechanics rules, and at dimensions above 100 nm, classical continuum mechanics, physics...
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77 FR 48431 - Safety Zone for Fireworks Display, Pamlico and Tar Rivers; Washington, NC
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-14
..., serious bodily harm, or property damage. Establishing a safety zone to control vessel movement around the..., to minimize litigation, eliminate ambiguity, and reduce burden. 10. Protection of Children We have analyzed this rule under Executive Order 13045, Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and...
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1996-07-19
Historical Recruiting poster of Cleve E Voss holding model of B-47, Douglas D-558-2, 6x6ft w.t. & slide rule (on Display at Macy's San Francisco 1947 - 1950 ish) NOTE: Poster recovered from Voss's wife and copied from the (bedroom) door to which it had been adhered.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-03-29
... investments, trading practices and display execution and trading systems. While the examination is primarily... concepts relating to customers.\\5\\ \\5\\ Proprietary trading firms don not have customers. The qualification... Trading Systems, 13 questions. Representatives from the applicable markets intend to meet on a periodic...
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43 CFR 423.22 - Interference with agency functions and disorderly conduct.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... 43 Public Lands: Interior 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Interference with agency functions and..., AND WATERBODIES Rules of Conduct § 423.22 Interference with agency functions and disorderly conduct... behavior; (2) Language, utterance, gesture, display, or act that is obscene, physically threatening or...
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78 FR 8525 - Information Collection Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications Commission
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-02-06
... collection of information subject to the PRA that does not display a valid Office of Management and Budget...: Rules and Regulations Implementing the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991, Report and... retain benefits. The authorizing statutes for this information collection are: Telephone Consumer...
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49 CFR 39.3 - What do the terms in this rule mean?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
...; videotext displays; accessible electronic and information technology; or other effective methods of making... electronic and information technology, or other effective methods of making visually delivered materials... impairment means has a history of, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that...
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fiscus, James W., Ed.; Pollack, Ira, Ed.
2000-01-01
This publication is concerned with how to keep schools safe. The spring 2000 issue "Zero Tolerance: Effective Policy or Display of Administrative Machismo?" (James W. Fiscus) discusses how difficult it is to determine just what zero tolerance means and reminds readers that schools were required to pass zero tolerance rules to remain eligible for…
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36 CFR 520.10 - Placards, signs, banners, and flags.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Placards, signs, banners, and flags. 520.10 Section 520.10 Parks, Forests, and Public Property SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION RULES AND... § 520.10 Placards, signs, banners, and flags. The displaying or carrying of placards, signs, banners, or...
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Preschoolers as Functionalists: The Impact of Social Context on Emotion Regulation.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zeman, Janice; And Others
1997-01-01
Examined preschoolers' use of display rules, their outcome expectancies when managing negative affect, and parental perceptions of family emotional expressivity. Found that children reported expressing emotion most to fathers; boys regulated affect with mothers more than did girls. Also found that children expressed emotion when expecting help,…
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SLIMMER--A UNIX System-Based Information Retrieval System.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Waldstein, Robert K.
1988-01-01
Describes an information retrieval system developed at Bell Laboratories to create and maintain a variety of different but interrelated databases, and to provide controlled access to these databases. The components discussed include the interfaces, indexing rules, display languages, response time, and updating procedures of the system. (6 notes…
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Children's Understanding of Display Rules for Expressive Behavior.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Saarni, Carolyn
1979-01-01
Examined how children come to understand that internally experienced affect need not be behaviorally expressed and that the emotion that is expressed is not necessarily what is being felt internally. Sixty elementary school students were interviewed about four interpersonal conflict situations presented in comic strip style but using photographs…
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Auditory, visual, and bimodal data link displays and how they support pilot performance.
Steelman, Kelly S; Talleur, Donald; Carbonari, Ronald; Yamani, Yusuke; Nunes, Ashley; McCarley, Jason S
2013-06-01
The design of data link messaging systems to ensure optimal pilot performance requires empirical guidance. The current study examined the effects of display format (auditory, visual, or bimodal) and visual display position (adjacent to instrument panel or mounted on console) on pilot performance. Subjects performed five 20-min simulated single-pilot flights. During each flight, subjects received messages from a simulated air traffic controller. Messages were delivered visually, auditorily, or bimodally. Subjects were asked to read back each message aloud and then perform the instructed maneuver. Visual and bimodal displays engendered lower subjective workload and better altitude tracking than auditory displays. Readback times were shorter with the two unimodal visual formats than with any of the other three formats. Advantages for the unimodal visual format ranged in size from 2.8 s to 3.8 s relative to the bimodal upper left and auditory formats, respectively. Auditory displays allowed slightly more head-up time (3 to 3.5 seconds per minute) than either visual or bimodal displays. Position of the visual display had only modest effects on any measure. Combined with the results from previous studies by Helleberg and Wickens and Lancaster and Casali the current data favor visual and bimodal displays over auditory displays; unimodal auditory displays were favored by only one measure, head-up time, and only very modestly. Data evinced no statistically significant effects of visual display position on performance, suggesting that, contrary to expectations, the placement of a visual data link display may be of relatively little consequence to performance.
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5 CFR 6.3 - Method of filling excepted positions and status of incumbents.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... SERVICE RULES EXCEPTIONS FROM THE COMPETITIVE SERVICE (RULE VI) § 6.3 Method of filling excepted positions... persons without civil service eligibility or competitive status and such persons shall not acquire competitive status by reason of such appointment: Provided, That OPM, in its discretion, may by regulation...
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5 CFR 6.3 - Method of filling excepted positions and status of incumbents.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... SERVICE RULES EXCEPTIONS FROM THE COMPETITIVE SERVICE (RULE VI) § 6.3 Method of filling excepted positions... persons without civil service eligibility or competitive status and such persons shall not acquire competitive status by reason of such appointment: Provided, That OPM, in its discretion, may by regulation...
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Put on Your Dancing Shoes! Choreographing Positive Partnerships with Parents of Gifted Children.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Riley, Tracy L.
1999-01-01
Uses the analogy of dance to discuss development of positive relationships between teachers and parents of gifted children. Emphasis is on providing parents with necessary information, overcoming barriers to true partnerships, and rules of thumb for implementing the partnership on an ongoing basis, such as following the golden rule in…
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Autonomous Shepherding Behaviors of Multiple Target Steering Robots.
Lee, Wonki; Kim, DaeEun
2017-11-25
This paper presents a distributed coordination methodology for multi-robot systems, based on nearest-neighbor interactions. Among many interesting tasks that may be performed using swarm robots, we propose a biologically-inspired control law for a shepherding task, whereby a group of external agents drives another group of agents to a desired location. First, we generated sheep-like robots that act like a flock. We assume that each agent is capable of measuring the relative location and velocity to each of its neighbors within a limited sensing area. Then, we designed a control strategy for shepherd-like robots that have information regarding where to go and a steering ability to control the flock, according to the robots' position relative to the flock. We define several independent behavior rules; each agent calculates to what extent it will move by summarizing each rule. The flocking sheep agents detect the steering agents and try to avoid them; this tendency leads to movement of the flock. Each steering agent only needs to focus on guiding the nearest flocking agent to the desired location. Without centralized coordination, multiple steering agents produce an arc formation to control the flock effectively. In addition, we propose a new rule for collecting behavior, whereby a scattered flock or multiple flocks are consolidated. From simulation results with multiple robots, we show that each robot performs actions for the shepherding behavior, and only a few steering agents are needed to control the whole flock. The results are displayed in maps that trace the paths of the flock and steering robots. Performance is evaluated via time cost and path accuracy to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
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Autonomous Shepherding Behaviors of Multiple Target Steering Robots
Lee, Wonki; Kim, DaeEun
2017-01-01
This paper presents a distributed coordination methodology for multi-robot systems, based on nearest-neighbor interactions. Among many interesting tasks that may be performed using swarm robots, we propose a biologically-inspired control law for a shepherding task, whereby a group of external agents drives another group of agents to a desired location. First, we generated sheep-like robots that act like a flock. We assume that each agent is capable of measuring the relative location and velocity to each of its neighbors within a limited sensing area. Then, we designed a control strategy for shepherd-like robots that have information regarding where to go and a steering ability to control the flock, according to the robots’ position relative to the flock. We define several independent behavior rules; each agent calculates to what extent it will move by summarizing each rule. The flocking sheep agents detect the steering agents and try to avoid them; this tendency leads to movement of the flock. Each steering agent only needs to focus on guiding the nearest flocking agent to the desired location. Without centralized coordination, multiple steering agents produce an arc formation to control the flock effectively. In addition, we propose a new rule for collecting behavior, whereby a scattered flock or multiple flocks are consolidated. From simulation results with multiple robots, we show that each robot performs actions for the shepherding behavior, and only a few steering agents are needed to control the whole flock. The results are displayed in maps that trace the paths of the flock and steering robots. Performance is evaluated via time cost and path accuracy to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. PMID:29186836
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Women with intellectual disabilities talk about their perceptions of sex.
Bernert, D J; Ogletree, R J
2013-03-01
Sexuality is learned through sexual socialisation that women with intellectual disabilities (IDs) understand and express. Rules of sexual engagement for these women can include barriers for their socialisation, intimate partner selection, and sexual expression. These rules can become more limiting when coupled with rules of femininity that encourage sexual restraint for women. This ethnography explored how women with IDs perceived their sexuality and how sexuality functioned in their lives. Sources of data included 48 multiple and in-depth interviews and observations with 14 women. This article specifically describes how the women constructed 'sex' and how they described experiencing sex as two of their multiple expressions of sexuality in this study. Most of the women had very limited and exclusively heterosexual sexual experiences, and the majority of women reported practicing abstinence. Criteria they identified for sex included having protected sex, marital and monogamous sex for the purpose of procreation or parenting, and having feelings for a sexual partner. Most held negative perceptions of sex they attributed to fear of the first act, fear of experiencing negative consequences, physiological concerns about the act, and perceived or actual lack of pleasure. Although the women displayed some sense of self-determinism in their sexual behaviour, negative perceptions of sex resulted in self-imposed abstinence predicated by fear of intercourse, intimacy, or outcome. Central to their sexuality education then is increasing self-efficacy perceptions and performance of safer sex practices to prevent negative sexual consequence. Sexuality education from a positive perspective that enhances their sexual self-determinism and encourages sexual health is recommended. © 2012 The Author. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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Evaluation of a computer-generated perspective tunnel display for flight path following
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Grunwald, A. J.; Robertson, J. B.; Hatfield, J. J.
1980-01-01
The display was evaluated by monitoring pilot performance in a fixed base simulator with the vehicle dynamics of a CH-47 tandem rotor helicopter. Superposition of the predicted future vehicle position on the tunnel image was also investigated to determine whether, and to what extent, it contributes to better system performance (the best predicted future vehicle position was sought). Three types of simulator experiments were conducted: following a desired trajectory in the presence of disturbances; entering the trajectory from a random position, outside the trajectory; detecting and correcting failures in automatic flight. The tunnel display with superimposed predictor/director symbols was shown to be a very successful combination, which outperformed the other two displays in all three experiments. A prediction time of 4 to 7 sec. was found to optimize trajectory tracking for the given vehicle dynamics and flight condition. Pilot acceptance of the tunnel plus predictor/director display was found to be favorable and the time the pilot needed for familiarization with the display was found to be relatively short.
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Strack, Gamze; Kaufmann, Christian; Kehrer, Stefanie; Brandt, Stephan; Stürmer, Birgit
2013-01-01
With the present study we investigated cue-induced preparation in a Simon task and measured electroencephalogram and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in two within-subjects sessions. Cues informed either about the upcoming (1) spatial stimulus-response compatibility (rule cues), or (2) the stimulus location (position cues), or (3) were non-informative. Only rule cues allowed anticipating the upcoming compatibility condition. Position cues allowed anticipation of the upcoming location of the Simon stimulus but not its compatibility condition. Rule cues elicited fastest and most accurate performance for both compatible and incompatible trials. The contingent negative variation (CNV) in the event-related potential (ERP) of the cue-target interval is an index of anticipatory preparation and was magnified after rule cues. The N2 in the post-target ERP as a measure of online action control was reduced in Simon trials after rule cues. Although compatible trials were faster than incompatible trials in all cue conditions only non-informative cues revealed a compatibility effect in additional indicators of Simon task conflict like accuracy and the N2. We thus conclude that rule cues induced anticipatory re-coding of the Simon task that did not involve cognitive conflict anymore. fMRI revealed that rule cues yielded more activation of the left rostral, dorsal, and ventral prefrontal cortex as well as the pre-SMA as compared to POS and NON-cues. Pre-SMA and ventrolateral prefrontal activation after rule cues correlated with the effective use of rule cues in behavioral performance. Position cues induced a smaller CNV effect and exhibited less prefrontal and pre-SMA contributions in fMRI. Our data point to the importance to disentangle different anticipatory adjustments that might also include the prevention of upcoming conflict via task re-coding. PMID:23408377
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Cross-cultural patterns in dynamic ratings of positive and negative natural emotional behaviour.
Sneddon, Ian; McKeown, Gary; McRorie, Margaret; Vukicevic, Tijana
2011-02-18
Studies of cross-cultural variations in the perception of emotion have typically compared rates of recognition of static posed stimulus photographs. That research has provided evidence for universality in the recognition of a range of emotions but also for some systematic cross-cultural variation in the interpretation of emotional expression. However, questions remain about how widely such findings can be generalised to real life emotional situations. The present study provides the first evidence that the previously reported interplay between universal and cultural influences extends to ratings of natural, dynamic emotional stimuli. Participants from Northern Ireland, Serbia, Guatemala and Peru used a computer based tool to continuously rate the strength of positive and negative emotion being displayed in twelve short video sequences by people from the United Kingdom engaged in emotional conversations. Generalized additive mixed models were developed to assess the differences in perception of emotion between countries and sexes. Our results indicate that the temporal pattern of ratings is similar across cultures for a range of emotions and social contexts. However, there are systematic differences in intensity ratings between the countries, with participants from Northern Ireland making the most extreme ratings in the majority of the clips. The results indicate that there is strong agreement across cultures in the valence and patterns of ratings of natural emotional situations but that participants from different cultures show systematic variation in the intensity with which they rate emotion. Results are discussed in terms of both 'in-group advantage' and 'display rules' approaches. This study indicates that examples of natural spontaneous emotional behaviour can be used to study cross-cultural variations in the perception of emotion.
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Novel plasticity rule can explain the development of sensorimotor intelligence
Der, Ralf; Martius, Georg
2015-01-01
Grounding autonomous behavior in the nervous system is a fundamental challenge for neuroscience. In particular, self-organized behavioral development provides more questions than answers. Are there special functional units for curiosity, motivation, and creativity? This paper argues that these features can be grounded in synaptic plasticity itself, without requiring any higher-level constructs. We propose differential extrinsic plasticity (DEP) as a new synaptic rule for self-learning systems and apply it to a number of complex robotic systems as a test case. Without specifying any purpose or goal, seemingly purposeful and adaptive rhythmic behavior is developed, displaying a certain level of sensorimotor intelligence. These surprising results require no system-specific modifications of the DEP rule. They rather arise from the underlying mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking, which is due to the tight brain body environment coupling. The new synaptic rule is biologically plausible and would be an interesting target for neurobiological investigation. We also argue that this neuronal mechanism may have been a catalyst in natural evolution. PMID:26504200
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Hahne, Anja; Mueller, Jutta L; Clahsen, Harald
2006-01-01
This study reports the results of two behavioral and two event-related brain potential experiments examining the processing of inflected words in second-language (L2) learners with Russian as their native language. Two different subsystems of German inflection were studied, participial inflection and noun plurals. For participial forms, L2 learners were found to widely generalize the -t suffixation rule in a nonce-word elicitation task, and in the event-related brain potential experiment, they showed an anterior negativity followed by a P600-both results resembling previous findings from native speakers of German on the same materials. For plural formation, the L2 learners displayed different preference patterns for regular and irregular forms in an off-line plural judgment task. Regular and irregular plural forms also differed clearly with regard to their brain responses. Whereas overapplications of the -s plural rule produced a P600 component, overapplications of irregular patterns elicited an N400. In contrast to native speakers of German, however, the L2 learners did not show an anterior negativity for -s plural overapplications. Taken together, the results show clear dissociations between regular and irregular inflection for both morphological subsystems. We argue that the two processing routes posited by dual-mechanism models of inflection (lexical storage and morphological decomposition) are also employed by L2 learners.
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Yeast cell surface display for lipase whole cell catalyst and its applications
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Liu, Yun; Zhang, Rui; Lian, Zhongshuai
The cell surface display technique allows for the expression of target proteins or peptides on the microbial cell surface by fusing an appropriate protein as an anchoring motif. Yeast display systems, such as Pichia pastoris, Yarowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are ideal, alternative and extensive display systems with the advantage of simple genetic manipulation and post-translational modification of expressed heterologous proteins. Engineered yeasts show high performance characteristics and variant utilizations. Herein, we comprehensively summarize the variant factors affecting lipase whole cell catalyst activity and display efficiency, including the structure and size of target proteins, screening anchor proteins, type and chainmore » length of linkers, and the appropriate matching rules among the above-mentioned display units. Furthermore, we also address novel approaches to enhance stability and activity of recombinant lipases, such as VHb gene co-expression, multi-enzyme co-display technique, and the micro-environmental interference and self-assembly techniques. Finally, we represent the variety of applications of whole cell surface displayed lipases on yeast cells in non-aqueous phases, including synthesis of esters, PUFA enrichment, resolution of chiral drugs, organic synthesis and biofuels. We demonstrate that the lipase surface display technique is a powerful tool for functionalizing yeasts to serve as whole cell catalysts, and increasing interest is providing an impetus for broad application of this technique.« less
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Incremental Learning of Context Free Grammars by Parsing-Based Rule Generation and Rule Set Search
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Nakamura, Katsuhiko; Hoshina, Akemi
This paper discusses recent improvements and extensions in Synapse system for inductive inference of context free grammars (CFGs) from sample strings. Synapse uses incremental learning, rule generation based on bottom-up parsing, and the search for rule sets. The form of production rules in the previous system is extended from Revised Chomsky Normal Form A→βγ to Extended Chomsky Normal Form, which also includes A→B, where each of β and γ is either a terminal or nonterminal symbol. From the result of bottom-up parsing, a rule generation mechanism synthesizes minimum production rules required for parsing positive samples. Instead of inductive CYK algorithm in the previous version of Synapse, the improved version uses a novel rule generation method, called ``bridging,'' which bridges the lacked part of the derivation tree for the positive string. The improved version also employs a novel search strategy, called serial search in addition to minimum rule set search. The synthesis of grammars by the serial search is faster than the minimum set search in most cases. On the other hand, the size of the generated CFGs is generally larger than that by the minimum set search, and the system can find no appropriate grammar for some CFL by the serial search. The paper shows experimental results of incremental learning of several fundamental CFGs and compares the methods of rule generation and search strategies.
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A multi-mode manipulator display system for controlling remote robotic systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Massimino, Michael J.; Meschler, Michael F.; Rodriguez, Alberto A.
1994-01-01
The objective and contribution of the research presented in this paper is to provide a Multi-Mode Manipulator Display System (MMDS) to assist a human operator with the control of remote manipulator systems. Such systems include space based manipulators such as the space shuttle remote manipulator system (SRMS) and future ground controlled teleoperated and telescience space systems. The MMDS contains a number of display modes and submodes which display position control cues position data in graphical formats, based primarily on manipulator position and joint angle data. Therefore the MMDS is not dependent on visual information for input and can assist the operator especially when visual feedback is inadequate. This paper provides descriptions of the new modes and experiment results to date.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-12-17
... Rule Change To Increase Position and Exercise Limits in EEM Options December 11, 2012. Pursuant to... exercise limits for options on the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets Index Fund (``EEM''). The text of the... Material .01 of ISE Rule 414 to increase position and exercise limits, respectively, for EEM options. This...
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Validation of the 3-day rule for stool bacterial tests in Japan.
Kobayashi, Masanori; Sako, Akahito; Ogami, Toshiko; Nishimura, So; Asayama, Naoki; Yada, Tomoyuki; Nagata, Naoyoshi; Sakurai, Toshiyuki; Yokoi, Chizu; Kobayakawa, Masao; Yanase, Mikio; Masaki, Naohiko; Takeshita, Nozomi; Uemura, Naomi
2014-01-01
Stool cultures are expensive and time consuming, and the positive rate of enteric pathogens in cases of nosocomial diarrhea is low. The 3-day rule, whereby clinicians order a Clostridium difficile (CD) toxin test rather than a stool culture for inpatients developing diarrhea >3 days after admission, has been well studied in Western countries. The present study sought to validate the 3-day rule in an acute care hospital setting in Japan. Stool bacterial and CD toxin test results for adult patients hospitalized in an acute care hospital in 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Specimens collected after an initial positive test were excluded. The positive rate and cost-effectiveness of the tests were compared among three patient groups. The adult patients were divided into three groups for comparison: outpatients, patients hospitalized for ≤3 days and patients hospitalized for ≥4 days. Over the 12-month period, 1,597 stool cultures were obtained from 992 patients, and 880 CD toxin tests were performed in 529 patients. In the outpatient, inpatient ≤3 days and inpatient ≥4 days groups, the rate of positive stool cultures was 14.2%, 3.6% and 1.3% and that of positive CD toxin tests was 1.9%, 7.1% and 8.5%, respectively. The medical costs required to obtain one positive result were 9,181, 36,075 and 103,600 JPY and 43,200, 11,333 and 9,410 JPY, respectively. The 3-day rule was validated for the first time in a setting other than a Western country. Our results revealed that the "3-day rule" is also useful and cost-effective in Japan.
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Acute anxiety and social inference: An experimental manipulation with 7.5% carbon dioxide inhalation
Button, Katherine S; Karwatowska, Lucy; Kounali, Daphne; Munafò, Marcus R; Attwood, Angela S
2016-01-01
Background: Positive self-bias is thought to be protective for mental health. We previously found that the degree of positive bias when learning self-referential social evaluation decreases with increasing social anxiety. It is unclear whether this reduction is driven by differences in state or trait anxiety, as both are elevated in social anxiety; therefore, we examined the effects on the state of anxiety induced by the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation model of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) on social evaluation learning. Methods: For our study, 48 (24 of female gender) healthy volunteers took two inhalations (medical air and 7.5% CO2, counterbalanced) whilst learning social rules (self-like, self-dislike, other-like and other-dislike) in an instrumental social evaluation learning task. We analysed the outcomes (number of positive responses and errors to criterion) using the random effects Poisson regression. Results: Participants made fewer and more positive responses when breathing 7.5% CO2 in the other-like and other-dislike rules, respectively (gas × condition × rule interaction p = 0.03). Individuals made fewer errors learning self-like than self-dislike, and this positive self-bias was unaffected by CO2. Breathing 7.5% CO2 increased errors, but only in the other-referential rules (gas × condition × rule interaction p = 0.003). Conclusions: Positive self-bias (i.e. fewer errors learning self-like than self-dislike) seemed robust to changes in state anxiety. In contrast, learning other-referential evaluation was impaired as state anxiety increased. This suggested that the previously observed variations in self-bias arise due to trait, rather than state, characteristics. PMID:27380750
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Button, Katherine S; Karwatowska, Lucy; Kounali, Daphne; Munafò, Marcus R; Attwood, Angela S
2016-10-01
Positive self-bias is thought to be protective for mental health. We previously found that the degree of positive bias when learning self-referential social evaluation decreases with increasing social anxiety. It is unclear whether this reduction is driven by differences in state or trait anxiety, as both are elevated in social anxiety; therefore, we examined the effects on the state of anxiety induced by the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation model of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) on social evaluation learning. For our study, 48 (24 of female gender) healthy volunteers took two inhalations (medical air and 7.5% CO2, counterbalanced) whilst learning social rules (self-like, self-dislike, other-like and other-dislike) in an instrumental social evaluation learning task. We analysed the outcomes (number of positive responses and errors to criterion) using the random effects Poisson regression. Participants made fewer and more positive responses when breathing 7.5% CO2 in the other-like and other-dislike rules, respectively (gas × condition × rule interaction p = 0.03). Individuals made fewer errors learning self-like than self-dislike, and this positive self-bias was unaffected by CO2. Breathing 7.5% CO2 increased errors, but only in the other-referential rules (gas × condition × rule interaction p = 0.003). Positive self-bias (i.e. fewer errors learning self-like than self-dislike) seemed robust to changes in state anxiety. In contrast, learning other-referential evaluation was impaired as state anxiety increased. This suggested that the previously observed variations in self-bias arise due to trait, rather than state, characteristics. © The Author(s) 2016.
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Design of virtual display and testing system for moving mass electromechanical actuator
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Gao, Zhigang; Geng, Keda; Zhou, Jun; Li, Peng
2015-12-01
Aiming at the problem of control, measurement and movement virtual display of moving mass electromechanical actuator(MMEA), the virtual testing system of MMEA was developed based on the PC-DAQ architecture and the software platform of LabVIEW, and the comprehensive test task such as drive control of MMEA, tests of kinematic parameter, measurement of centroid position and virtual display of movement could be accomplished. The system could solve the alignment for acquisition time between multiple measurement channels in different DAQ cards, then on this basis, the researches were focused on the dynamic 3D virtual display by the LabVIEW, and the virtual display of MMEA were realized by the method of calling DLL and the method of 3D graph drawing controls. Considering the collaboration with the virtual testing system, including the hardware drive, the measurement software of data acquisition, and the 3D graph drawing controls method was selected, which could obtained the synchronization measurement, control and display. The system can measure dynamic centroid position and kinematic position of movable mass block while controlling the MMEA, and the interface of 3D virtual display has realistic effect and motion smooth, which can solve the problem of display and playback about MMEA in the closed shell.
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McDaniel, Mark A; Cahill, Michael J; Robbins, Mathew; Wiener, Chelsea
2014-04-01
We hypothesize that during training some learners may focus on acquiring the particular exemplars and responses associated with the exemplars (termed exemplar learners), whereas other learners attempt to abstract underlying regularities reflected in the particular exemplars linked to an appropriate response (termed rule learners). Supporting this distinction, after training (on a function-learning task), participants displayed an extrapolation profile reflecting either acquisition of the trained cue-criterion associations (exemplar learners) or abstraction of the function rule (rule learners; Studies 1a and 1b). Further, working memory capacity (measured by operation span [Ospan]) was associated with the tendency to rely on rule versus exemplar processes. Studies 1c and 2 examined the persistence of these learning tendencies on several categorization tasks. Study 1c showed that rule learners were more likely than exemplar learners (indexed a priori by extrapolation profiles) to resist using idiosyncratic features (exemplar similarity) in generalization (transfer) of the trained category. Study 2 showed that the rule learners but not the exemplar learners performed well on a novel categorization task (transfer) after training on an abstract coherent category. These patterns suggest that in complex conceptual tasks, (a) individuals tend to either focus on exemplars during learning or on extracting some abstraction of the concept, (b) this tendency might be a relatively stable characteristic of the individual, and (c) transfer patterns are determined by that tendency.
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McDaniel, Mark A.; Cahill, Michael J.; Robbins, Mathew; Wiener, Chelsea
2013-01-01
We hypothesize that during training some learners may focus on acquiring the particular exemplars and responses associated with the exemplars (termed exemplar learners), whereas other learners attempt to abstract underlying regularities reflected in the particular exemplars linked to an appropriate response (termed rule learners). Supporting this distinction, after training (on a function-learning task), participants either displayed an extrapolation profile reflecting acquisition of the trained cue-criterion associations (exemplar learners) or abstraction of the function rule (rule learners; Studies 1a and 1b). Further, working memory capacity (measured by Ospan) was associated with the tendency to rely on rule versus exemplar processes. Studies 1c and 2 examined the persistence of these learning tendencies on several categorization tasks. Study 1c showed that rule learners were more likely than exemplar learners (indexed a priori by extrapolation profiles) to resist using idiosyncratic features (exemplar similarity) in generalization (transfer) of the trained category. Study 2 showed that the rule learners but not the exemplar learners performed well on a novel categorization task (transfer) after training on an abstract coherent category. These patterns suggest that in complex conceptual tasks, (a) individuals tend to either focus on exemplars during learning or on extracting some abstraction of the concept, (b) this tendency might be a relatively stable characteristic of the individual, and (c) transfer patterns are determined by that tendency. PMID:23750912
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Financial Management and Young Australian Workers
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dowling, Nicki; Hoiles, Lauren; Corney, Tim; Clark, David
2008-01-01
In two studies of young Australian workers, participants generally displayed positive attitudes towards financial management practices; however, a substantial proportion failed to display positive financial management practices, experienced financial problems and dissatisfaction, and reported low rates of seeking financial assistance, particularly…
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Terrain Display Alternatives Assessment of Information Density and Alerting Strategies
DOT National Transportation Integrated Search
1998-04-01
Current technology makes it possible to display navigation and terrain information on electronic : screens in the cockpit. The conventions used for position and terrain information must be clearly : presented so pilots can maintain their positional a...
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77 FR 50919 - Safety Zone: Wedding Reception Fireworks at Pier 24, San Francisco, CA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-08-23
... mariners and spectators from the dangers associated with the pyrotechnics. Unauthorized persons or vessels... could be completed. Because of the dangers posed by the pyrotechnics used in this fireworks display, the... property from the hazards associated with the pyrotechnics. C. Discussion of the Final Rule The Coast Guard...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-09-24
... Maker Quoter functionality optionally created a quotation for display to comply with market making... meeting their Exchange market making obligations. Retirement of the Market Maker Quoter At the time of... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange filed a proposal to eliminate reference to a Market Maker order...
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78 FR 43064 - Safety Zone; Maritime Heritage Festival Fireworks, St. Helens, OR
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-19
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Maritime Heritage Festival Fireworks, St. Helens, OR AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone in St. Helens, OR. This safety... associated with fireworks displays. As part of the Maritime Heritage Festival Fireworks in St. Helens, OR...
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In the Eye of the Beholder: Emotional Labor in Academia Varies with Tenure and Gender
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tunguz, Sharmin
2016-01-01
Expanding from the customer-service perspective, the present research investigated emotional labor, defined as "service with authority," in an academic context. Drawing from previous research on display rules and power, tenure and gender were hypothesized to influence the extent to which college faculty labored to provide "service…
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78 FR 40394 - Safety Zone; Outer Banks Bluegrass Festival; Shallowbag Bay, Manteo, NC
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-07-05
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Outer Banks Bluegrass Festival; Shallowbag Bay, Manteo, NC AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... Festival. This action is necessary to protect the life and property of the maritime public from the hazards... Shallowbag Bay River during the Outer Banks Bluegrass Festival Fireworks display. DATES: This rule is...
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78 FR 19335 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-03-29
... disapproving the application. The total annual burden imposed by Rule 15a-4 is approximately 8.46 hours, based... of the Exchange Act; (2) to develop a central information resource where members of the public may... the PRA that does not display a valid OMB control number. The public may view background documentation...
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78 FR 25008 - Safety Zone; Fairfield Estates Fireworks Display, Atlantic Ocean, Sagaponack, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-04-29
... private sector of $100,000,000 (adjusted for inflation) or more in any one year. Though this proposed rule... regulated area would be prohibited unless authorized by the Captain of the Port (COTP) Sector Long Island... email Petty Officer Scott Baumgartner, Prevention Department, Coast Guard Sector Long Island Sound, (203...
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75 FR 29660 - Safety Zone; Wicomico Community Fireworks, Great Wicomico River, Mila, VA
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-05-27
...-AA00 Safety Zone; Wicomico Community Fireworks, Great Wicomico River, Mila, VA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... the Great Wicomico River in the vicinity of Mila, VA in support of the Wicomico Community Fireworks... protect mariners from the hazards associated with fireworks displays. DATES: This rule is effective from 9...
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78 FR 51061 - Special Anchorage Areas; Port of New York, NY
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-08-20
...-AA01 Special Anchorage Areas; Port of New York, NY AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule...; revising the New York City Harbor Master phone number for Sheepshead Bay, NY; and disestablishing the Captain of the Port New York Commercial Mooring Buoy permit regulations and table displaying the mooring...
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A Materials Index--Its Storage, Retrieval, and Display
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rosen, Carol Z.
1973-01-01
An experimental procedure for indexing physical materials based on simple syntactical rules was tested by encoding the materials in the journal, Applied Physics Letters,'' to produce a materials index. The syntax and numerous examples together with an indication of the method by which retrieval can be effected are presented. (5 references)…
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76 FR 41314 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-07-13
... Management and Budget for extension and approval for Rule 10b-17 (17 CFR 240.10b-17)-- Untimely Announcements... display a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. Please direct your written comments... of securities: (1) A dividend or other distribution in cash or in kind other than interest payments...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-07
... institutional investors are executed in dark pools. Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61358 (January 14, 2010...- displayed, or ``dark,'' liquidity. See also Mary L. Schapiro, Strengthening Our Equity Market Structure... Web site)(comments of Commission Chairman on what she viewed as a troubling trend of reduced...
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14 CFR 45.22 - Exhibition, antique, and other aircraft: Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-01-01
... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION MARKING Nationality and Registration Marks § 45.22.... registration number of the aircraft; or (ii) The symbol appropriate to the airworthiness certificate of the.... registration number of the aircraft; and (2) It displays no other mark that begins with the letter “N” anywhere...
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14 CFR 45.22 - Exhibition, antique, and other aircraft: Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION MARKING Nationality and Registration Marks § 45.22.... registration number of the aircraft; or (ii) The symbol appropriate to the airworthiness certificate of the.... registration number of the aircraft; and (2) It displays no other mark that begins with the letter “N” anywhere...
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14 CFR 45.22 - Exhibition, antique, and other aircraft: Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-01-01
... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION MARKING Nationality and Registration Marks § 45.22.... registration number of the aircraft; or (ii) The symbol appropriate to the airworthiness certificate of the.... registration number of the aircraft; and (2) It displays no other mark that begins with the letter “N” anywhere...
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14 CFR 45.22 - Exhibition, antique, and other aircraft: Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-01-01
... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION MARKING Nationality and Registration Marks § 45.22.... registration number of the aircraft; or (ii) The symbol appropriate to the airworthiness certificate of the.... registration number of the aircraft; and (2) It displays no other mark that begins with the letter “N” anywhere...
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Hudson, Amanda; Jacques, Sophie
2014-07-01
Children's developing capacity to regulate emotions may depend on individual characteristics and other abilities, including age, sex, inhibitory control, theory of mind, and emotion and display rule knowledge. In the current study, we examined the relations between these variables and children's (N=107) regulation of emotion in a disappointing gift paradigm as well as their relations with the amount of effort to control emotion children exhibited after receiving the disappointing gift. Regression analyses were also conducted to identify unique predictors. Children's understanding of others' emotions and emotion display rules, as well as their inhibitory control skills, emerged as significant correlates of emotion regulation and predicted children's responses to the disappointing gift even after controlling for other relevant variables. Age and inhibitory control significantly predicted the amount of overt effort that went into regulating emotions, as did emotion knowledge (albeit only marginally). Together, findings suggest that effectively regulating emotions requires (a) knowledge of context-appropriate emotions along with (b) inhibitory skills to implement that knowledge. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Autonomous power expert system advanced development
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Quinn, Todd M.; Walters, Jerry L.
1991-01-01
The autonomous power expert (APEX) system is being developed at Lewis Research Center to function as a fault diagnosis advisor for a space power distribution test bed. APEX is a rule-based system capable of detecting faults and isolating the probable causes. APEX also has a justification facility to provide natural language explanations about conclusions reached during fault isolation. To help maintain the health of the power distribution system, additional capabilities were added to APEX. These capabilities allow detection and isolation of incipient faults and enable the expert system to recommend actions/procedure to correct the suspected fault conditions. New capabilities for incipient fault detection consist of storage and analysis of historical data and new user interface displays. After the cause of a fault is determined, appropriate recommended actions are selected by rule-based inferencing which provides corrective/extended test procedures. Color graphics displays and improved mouse-selectable menus were also added to provide a friendlier user interface. A discussion of APEX in general and a more detailed description of the incipient detection, recommended actions, and user interface developments during the last year are presented.
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Grunau, Brian; Taylor, John; Scheuermeyer, Frank X; Stenstrom, Robert; Dick, William; Kawano, Takahisa; Barbic, David; Drennan, Ian; Christenson, Jim
2017-09-01
The Universal Termination of Resuscitation Rule (TOR Rule) was developed to identify out-of-hospital cardiac arrests eligible for field termination of resuscitation, avoiding futile transportation to the hospital. The validity of the rule in emergency medical services (EMS) systems that do not routinely transport out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients to the hospital is unknown. We seek to validate the TOR Rule in British Columbia. This study included consecutive, nontraumatic, adult, out-of-hospital cardiac arrests treated by EMS in British Columbia from April 2011 to September 2015. We excluded patients with active do-not-resuscitate orders and those with missing data. Following consensus guidelines, we examined the validity of the TOR Rule after 6 minutes of resuscitation (to approximate three 2-minute cycles of resuscitation). To ascertain rule performance at the different time junctures, we recalculated TOR Rule classification accuracy at subsequent 1-minute resuscitation increments. Of 6,994 consecutive, adult, EMS-treated, out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, overall survival was 15%. At 6 minutes of resuscitation, rule performance was sensitivity 0.72, specificity 0.91, positive predictive value 0.98, and negative predictive value 0.36. The TOR Rule recommended care termination for 4,367 patients (62%); of these, 92 survived to hospital discharge (false-positive rate 2.1%; 95% confidence interval 1.7% to 2.5%); however, this proportion steadily decreased with later application. The TOR Rule recommended continuation of resuscitation in 2,627 patients (38%); of these, 1,674 died (false-negative rate 64%; 95% confidence interval 62% to 66%). Compared with 6-minute application, test characteristics at 30 minutes demonstrated nearly perfect positive predictive value (1.0) and specificity (1.0) but a lower sensitivity (0.46) and negative predictive value (0.25). In this cohort of adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, the TOR Rule applied at 6 minutes falsely recommended care termination for 2.1% of patients; however, this decreased with later application. Systems using the TOR Rule to cease resuscitation in the field should consider rule application at points later than 6 minutes. Copyright © 2017 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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A RANDOM-SCAN DISPLAY OF PREDICTED SATELLITE POSITIONS.
With the completion of the NRL evaluation of the experimental model of the Satellite Position Prediction and Display equipment ( SPAD ), efforts were...directed toward the design of an operational version of SPAD . Possible design and equipment configurations were proposed which would lead to a...substantial savings in cost and reduced equipment complexity. These designs involve the displaying of the SPAD information by means of a random scanning of
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76 FR 50425 - Service Rules and Policies for the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS)
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-08-15
... poles of the Earth, with the positive direction pointing south; and the Z axis passes through the... and Policies for the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS) AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: In this document, the Federal Communications Commission adopts rules to...
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Parallel search for conjunctions with stimuli in apparent motion.
Casco, C; Ganis, G
1999-01-01
A series of experiments was conducted to determine whether apparent motion tends to follow the similarity rule (i.e. is attribute-specific) and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Stimulus duration thresholds were measured during a two-alternative forced-choice task in which observers detected either the location or the motion direction of target groups defined by the conjunction of size and orientation. Target element positions were randomly chosen within a nominally defined rectangular subregion of the display (target region). The target region was presented either statically (followed by a 250 ms duration mask) or dynamically, displaced by a small distance (18 min of arc) from frame to frame. In the motion display, the position of both target and background elements was changed randomly from frame to frame within the respective areas to abolish spatial correspondence over time. Stimulus duration thresholds were lower in the motion than in the static task, indicating that target detection in the dynamic condition does not rely on the explicit identification of target elements in each static frame. Increasing the distractor-to-target ratio was found to reduce detectability in the static, but not in the motion task. This indicates that the perceptual segregation of the target is effortless and parallel with motion but not with static displays. The pattern of results holds regardless of the task or search paradigm employed. The detectability in the motion condition can be improved by increasing the number of frames and/or by reducing the width of the target area. Furthermore, parallel search in the dynamic condition can be conducted with both short-range and long-range motion stimuli. Finally, apparent motion of conjunctions is insufficient on its own to support location decision and is disrupted by random visual noise. Overall, these findings show that (i) the mechanism underlying apparent motion is attribute-specific; (ii) the motion system mediates temporal integration of feature conjunctions before they are identified by the static system; and (iii) target detectability in these stimuli relies upon a nonattentive, cooperative, directionally selective motion mechanism that responds to high-level attributes (conjunction of size and orientation).
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Why is Light Text Harder to Read Than Dark Text?
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Scharff, Lauren V.; Ahumada, Albert J.
2005-01-01
Scharff and Ahumada (2002, 2003) measured text legibility for light text and dark text. For paragraph readability and letter identification, responses to light text were slower and less accurate for a given contrast. Was this polarity effect (1) an artifact of our apparatus, (2) a physiological difference in the separate pathways for positive and negative contrast or (3) the result of increased experience with dark text on light backgrounds? To rule out the apparatus-artifact hypothesis, all data were collected on one monitor. Its luminance was measured at all levels used, and the spatial effects of the monitor were reduced by pixel doubling and quadrupling (increasing the viewing distance to maintain constant angular size). Luminances of vertical and horizontal square-wave gratings were compared to assess display speed effects. They existed, even for 4-pixel-wide bars. Tests for polarity asymmetries in display speed were negative. Increased experience might develop full letter templates for dark text, while recognition of light letters is based on component features. Earlier, an observer ran all conditions at one polarity and then switched. If dark and light letters were intermixed, the observer might use component features on all trials and do worse on the dark letters, reducing the polarity effect. We varied polarity blocking (completely blocked, alternating smaller blocks, and intermixed blocks). Letter identification responses times showed polarity effects at all contrasts and display resolution levels. Observers were also more accurate with higher contrasts and more pixels per degree. Intermixed blocks increased the polarity effect by reducing performance on the light letters, but only if the randomized block occurred prior to the nonrandomized block. Perhaps observers tried to use poorly developed templates, or they did not work as hard on the more difficult items. The experience hypothesis and the physiological gain hypothesis remain viable explanations.
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Electro-optical switching and memory display device
Skotheim, T.A.; O'Grady, W.E.; Linkous, C.A.
1983-12-29
An electro-optical display device having a housing with wall means including one transparent wall and at least one other wall. Counter electrodes are positioned on the transparent wall and display electrodes are positioned on the other wall with both electrodes in electrically conductive relationship with an electrolyte. Circuits means are connected to the display and counter electrodes to apply different predetermined control potentials between them. The display electrodes are covered with a thin electrically conductive polymer film that is characterized according to the invention by having embedded in it pigment molecules as counter ions. The display device is operable to be switched to a plurality of different visual color states at an exceptionally rapid switching rate while each of the color states is characterized by possessing good color intensity and definition.
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Electro-optical switching and memory display device
Skotheim, Terje A.; O'Grady, William E.; Linkous, Clovis A.
1986-01-01
An electro-optical display device having a housing with wall means including one transparent wall and at least one other wall. Counter electrodes are positioned on the transparent wall and display electrodes are positioned on the other wall with both electrodes in electrically conductive relationship with an electrolyte. Circuit means are connected to the display and counter electrodes to apply different predetermined control potentials between them. The display electrodes are covered with a thin electrically conductive polymer film that is characterized according to the invention by having embedded in it pigment molecules as counter ions. The display device is operable to be switched to a plurality of different visual color states at an exceptionally rapid switching rate while each of the color states is characterized by possessing good color intensity and definition.
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Du, Weiqi; Zhang, Gaofei; Ye, Liangchen
2016-01-01
Micromirror-based scanning displays have been the focus of a variety of applications. Lissajous scanning displays have advantages in terms of power consumption; however, the image quality is not good enough. The main reason for this is the varying size and the contrast ratio of pixels at different positions of the image. In this paper, the Lissajous scanning trajectory is analyzed and a new method based on the diamond pixel is introduced to Lissajous displays. The optical performance of micromirrors is discussed. A display system demonstrator is built, and tests of resolution and contrast ratio are conducted. The test results show that the new Lissajous scanning method can be used in displays by using diamond pixels and image quality remains stable at different positions. PMID:27187390
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Du, Weiqi; Zhang, Gaofei; Ye, Liangchen
2016-05-11
Micromirror-based scanning displays have been the focus of a variety of applications. Lissajous scanning displays have advantages in terms of power consumption; however, the image quality is not good enough. The main reason for this is the varying size and the contrast ratio of pixels at different positions of the image. In this paper, the Lissajous scanning trajectory is analyzed and a new method based on the diamond pixel is introduced to Lissajous displays. The optical performance of micromirrors is discussed. A display system demonstrator is built, and tests of resolution and contrast ratio are conducted. The test results show that the new Lissajous scanning method can be used in displays by using diamond pixels and image quality remains stable at different positions.
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Bimodal emotion congruency is critical to preverbal infants' abstract rule learning.
Tsui, Angeline Sin Mei; Ma, Yuen Ki; Ho, Anna; Chow, Hiu Mei; Tseng, Chia-huei
2016-05-01
Extracting general rules from specific examples is important, as we must face the same challenge displayed in various formats. Previous studies have found that bimodal presentation of grammar-like rules (e.g. ABA) enhanced 5-month-olds' capacity to acquire a rule that infants failed to learn when the rule was presented with visual presentation of the shapes alone (circle-triangle-circle) or auditory presentation of the syllables (la-ba-la) alone. However, the mechanisms and constraints for this bimodal learning facilitation are still unknown. In this study, we used audio-visual relation congruency between bimodal stimulation to disentangle possible facilitation sources. We exposed 8- to 10-month-old infants to an AAB sequence consisting of visual faces with affective expressions and/or auditory voices conveying emotions. Our results showed that infants were able to distinguish the learned AAB rule from other novel rules under bimodal stimulation when the affects in audio and visual stimuli were congruently paired (Experiments 1A and 2A). Infants failed to acquire the same rule when audio-visual stimuli were incongruently matched (Experiment 2B) and when only the visual (Experiment 1B) or the audio (Experiment 1C) stimuli were presented. Our results highlight that bimodal facilitation in infant rule learning is not only dependent on better statistical probability and redundant sensory information, but also the relational congruency of audio-visual information. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=KYTyjH1k9RQ. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Yang, Feng-Hua; Chang, Chen-Chieh
2008-06-01
According to Hochschild's (1983. The Managed Heart. Berkeley: University of California Press) classification of emotional labour, nursing staff express high emotional labour. This paper investigates how nursing staff influence job satisfaction and organizational commitment when they perform emotional labour. This paper examines the relationship between emotional labour, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment from the perspective of nursing staff. A questionnaire survey was carried out to explore these interrelationships. Teaching hospital in Taiwan. Questionnaires were distributed to 500 nursing staff; 295 valid questionnaires were collected and analysed-a 59% response rate. The questionnaires contained items on emotional labour, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment as well as some basic socio-demographics. In addition, descriptive statistics, correlation and linear structure relation (LISREL) were computed. Emotional display rule (EDR) was significantly and negatively related to job satisfaction. Surface acting (SA) was not significantly related to job satisfaction but demonstrated a significantly negative relationship with organizational commitment. Deep acting (DA) significantly and positively correlated with job satisfaction but demonstrated no significance with organizational commitment. The variety of emotions required (VER) was not significantly related to job satisfaction; frequency and duration of interaction (FDI) and negatively related to job satisfaction; and job satisfaction significantly and positively correlated with organizational commitment. We found that some dimensions of emotional labour significantly relate to job satisfaction. Job satisfaction positively affects organizational commitment and has an intervening effect on DA and organizational commitment.
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Strategic behavior, workload, and performance in task scheduling
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Moray, Neville; Dessouky, Mohamed I.; Kijowski, Brian A.; Adapathya, Ravi
1991-01-01
Scheduling theory is proposed as a normative model for strategic behavior when operators are confronted by several tasks, all of which should be completed within a fixed time span, and when they are free to choose the order in which the tasks should be done. Three experiments are described to investigate the effect of knowing the correct scheduling rule on the efficiency of performance, subjective workload, and choice of strategy under different conditions of time pressure. The most potent effects are from time pressure. The reasons for the weak effect of knowing the rules are discussed, and implications for strategic behavior, displays, and decision aids are indicated.
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Analysis of the viewing zone of the Cambridge autostereoscopic display.
Dodgson, N A
1996-04-01
The Cambridge autostereoscopic three-dimensional display is a time-multiplexed device that gives both stereo and movement parallax to the viewer without the need for any special glasses. This analysis derives the size and position of the fully illuminated, and hence useful, viewing zone for a Cambridge display. The viewing zone of such a display is shown to be completely determined by four parameters: the width of the screen, the optimal distance of the viewer from the screen, the width over which an image can be seen across the whole screen at this optimal distance, and the number of views. A display's viewing zone can thus be completely described without reference to the internal implementation of the device. An equation that describes what the eye sees from any position in front of the display is derived. The equations derived can be used in both the analysis and design of this type of time-multiplexed autostereoscopic display.
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Methods and apparatus for graphical display and editing of flight plans
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Gibbs, Michael J. (Inventor); Adams, Jr., Mike B. (Inventor); Chase, Karl L. (Inventor); Lewis, Daniel E. (Inventor); McCrobie, Daniel E. (Inventor); Omen, Debi Van (Inventor)
2002-01-01
Systems and methods are provided for an integrated graphical user interface which facilitates the display and editing of aircraft flight-plan data. A user (e.g., a pilot) located within the aircraft provides input to a processor through a cursor control device and receives visual feedback via a display produced by a monitor. The display includes various graphical elements associated with the lateral position, vertical position, flight-plan and/or other indicia of the aircraft's operational state as determined from avionics data and/or various data sources. Through use of the cursor control device, the user may modify the flight-plan and/or other such indicia graphically in accordance with feedback provided by the display. In one embodiment, the display includes a lateral view, a vertical profile view, and a hot-map view configured to simplify the display and editing of the aircraft's flight-plan data.
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Incorporation of negative rules and evolution of a fuzzy controller for yeast fermentation process.
Birle, Stephan; Hussein, Mohamed Ahmed; Becker, Thomas
2016-08-01
The control of bioprocesses can be very challenging due to the fact that these kinds of processes are highly affected by various sources of uncertainty like the intrinsic behavior of the used microorganisms. Due to the reason that these kinds of process uncertainties are not directly measureable in most cases, the overall control is either done manually because of the experience of the operator or intelligent expert systems are applied, e.g., on the basis of fuzzy logic theory. In the latter case, however, the control concept is mainly represented by using merely positive rules, e.g., "If A then do B". As this is not straightforward with respect to the semantics of the human decision-making process that also includes negative experience in form of constraints or prohibitions, the incorporation of negative rules for process control based on fuzzy logic is emphasized. In this work, an approach of fuzzy logic control of the yeast propagation process based on a combination of positive and negative rules is presented. The process is guided along a reference trajectory for yeast cell concentration by alternating the process temperature. The incorporation of negative rules leads to a much more stable and accurate control of the process as the root mean squared error of reference trajectory and system response could be reduced by an average of 62.8 % compared to the controller using only positive rules.
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A wearable navigation display can improve attentiveness to the surgical field.
Stewart, James; Billinghurst, Mark
2016-06-01
Surgical navigation is typically shown on a computer display that is distant from the patient, making it difficult for the surgeon to watch the patient while performing a guided task. We investigate whether a light-weight, untracked, wearable display (such as Google Glass, which has the same size and weight as corrective glasses) can improve attentiveness to the surgical field in a simulated surgical task. Three displays were tested: a computer monitor; a peripheral display above the eye; and a through-the-lens display in front of the eye. Twelve subjects performed a task to position and orient a tracked tool on a plastic femur. Both wearable displays were tested on the dominant and non-dominant eyes of each subject. Attentiveness during the task was measured by the time taken to respond to randomly illuminated LEDs on the femur. Attentiveness was improved with the wearable displays at the cost of a decrease in accuracy. The through-the-lens display performed better than the peripheral display. The peripheral display performed better when on the dominant eye, while the through-the-lens display performed better when on the non-dominant eye. Attentiveness to the surgical field can be improved with the use of a light-weight, untracked, wearable display. A through-the-lens display performs better than a peripheral display, and both perform better than a computer monitor. Eye dominance should be considered when positioning the display.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-12-11
... Amending Commentary .07 to Exchange Rule 904 To Increase the Position and Exercise Limits for Options on... exercise limits for options on the iShares MSCI Emerging Markets Index Fund (``EEM'') to 500,000 contracts... change is to amend Exchange Rule 904, Commentary .07 to increase the position and exercise limits for EEM...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-08-07
... and Rules to Certain U.S. Dollar-Settled Gold Futures Designed to Replicate Positions in the Spot... Futures That Were Based on the Value of Gold in the Spot Market With an Additional Daily Cost of Carry... Rules to certain U.S. dollar-settled gold futures designed to replicate positions in the spot market...
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Adolescents' reactions to the imagery displayed in smoking and antismoking advertisements.
Shadel, William G; Niaura, Raymond; Abrams, David B
2002-06-01
This study compared adolescents' unbiased perceptions of the images displayed in smoking and antismoking advertising. Twenty-nine adolescents (ages 11-17) were shown images taken from both advertising types; all images were digitally edited so that no product information appeared in them. Participants described each image in a free-response format and rated each image on self-report dimensions. Content analyses of free-response descriptions and analyses of self-reports revealed that adolescents viewed images taken from cigarette advertisements more positively compared with images taken from antismoking advertisements. These findings suggest that I reason for the potency of cigarette advertising, compared with antismoking advertising, is the inherent positive appeal of the images displayed. Antismoking advertising may be more effective at limiting adolescent smoking if the images displayed have a more positive valence.
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Sanmiquel, Lluís; Bascompta, Marc; Rossell, Josep M.; Anticoi, Hernán Francisco; Guash, Eduard
2018-01-01
An analysis of occupational accidents in the mining sector was conducted using the data from the Spanish Ministry of Employment and Social Safety between 2005 and 2015, and data-mining techniques were applied. Data was processed with the software Weka. Two scenarios were chosen from the accidents database: surface and underground mining. The most important variables involved in occupational accidents and their association rules were determined. These rules are composed of several predictor variables that cause accidents, defining its characteristics and context. This study exposes the 20 most important association rules in the sector—either surface or underground mining—based on the statistical confidence levels of each rule as obtained by Weka. The outcomes display the most typical immediate causes, along with the percentage of accidents with a basis in each association rule. The most important immediate cause is body movement with physical effort or overexertion, and the type of accident is physical effort or overexertion. On the other hand, the second most important immediate cause and type of accident are different between the two scenarios. Data-mining techniques were chosen as a useful tool to find out the root cause of the accidents. PMID:29518921
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Sanmiquel, Lluís; Bascompta, Marc; Rossell, Josep M; Anticoi, Hernán Francisco; Guash, Eduard
2018-03-07
An analysis of occupational accidents in the mining sector was conducted using the data from the Spanish Ministry of Employment and Social Safety between 2005 and 2015, and data-mining techniques were applied. Data was processed with the software Weka. Two scenarios were chosen from the accidents database: surface and underground mining. The most important variables involved in occupational accidents and their association rules were determined. These rules are composed of several predictor variables that cause accidents, defining its characteristics and context. This study exposes the 20 most important association rules in the sector-either surface or underground mining-based on the statistical confidence levels of each rule as obtained by Weka. The outcomes display the most typical immediate causes, along with the percentage of accidents with a basis in each association rule. The most important immediate cause is body movement with physical effort or overexertion, and the type of accident is physical effort or overexertion. On the other hand, the second most important immediate cause and type of accident are different between the two scenarios. Data-mining techniques were chosen as a useful tool to find out the root cause of the accidents.
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High luminance monochrome vs. color displays: impact on performance and search
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Krupinski, Elizabeth A.; Roehrig, Hans; Matsui, Takashi
2011-03-01
To determine if diagnostic accuracy and visual search efficiency with a high luminance medical-grade color display are equivalent to a high luminance medical-grade monochrome display. Six radiologists viewed DR chest images, half with a solitary pulmonary nodule and half without. Observers reported whether or not a nodule was present and their confidence in that decision. Total viewing time per image was recorded. On a subset of 15 cases eye-position was recorded. Confidence data were analyzed using MRMC ROC techniques. There was no statistically significant difference (F = 0.0136, p = 0.9078) between color (mean Az = 0.8981, se = 0.0065) and monochrome (mean Az = 0.8945, se = 0.0148) diagnostic performance. Total viewing time per image did not differ significantly (F = 0.392, p = 0.5315) as a function of color (mean = 27.36 sec, sd = 12.95) vs monochrome (mean = 28.04, sd = 14.36) display. There were no significant differences in decision dwell times (true and false, positive and negative) overall for color vs monochrome displays (F = 0.133, p = 0.7154). The true positive (TP) and false positive (FP) decisions were associated with the longest dwell times, the false negatives (FN) with slightly shorter dwell times, and the true negative decisions (TN) with the shortest (F = 50.552, p < 0.0001) and these trends were consistent for both color and monochrome displays. Current color medical-grade displays are suitable for primary diagnostic interpretation in clinical radiology.
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Camilleri, Matt J; Malige, Ajith; Fujimoto, Jeffrey; Rempel, David M
2013-01-01
Direct touch displays can improve the human-computer experience and productivity; however, the higher hand locations may increase shoulder fatigue. Palm rejection (PR) technology may reduce shoulder loads by allowing the palms to rest on the display and increase productivity by registering the touched content and fingertips through the palms rather than shoulders. The effects of PR were evaluated by having participants perform touch tasks while posture and reaction force on the display were measured. Enabling PR, during which the subjects could place the palms on the display (but were not required to), resulted in increased wrist extension, force applied to the display and productivity, and less discomfort, but had no effect on the self-selected positioning of the display. Participants did not deliberately place their palms on the display; therefore, there was no reduction in shoulder load and the increased productivity was not due to improved hand registration. The increased productivity may have been due to reduced interruptions from palm contacts or reduced motor control demands.
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Bouida, Wahid; Marghli, Soudani; Souissi, Sami; Ksibi, Hichem; Methammem, Mehdi; Haguiga, Habib; Khedher, Sonia; Boubaker, Hamdi; Beltaief, Kaouthar; Grissa, Mohamed Habib; Trimech, Mohamed Naceur; Kerkeni, Wiem; Chebili, Nawfel; Halila, Imen; Rejeb, Imen; Boukef, Riadh; Rekik, Noureddine; Bouhaja, Bechir; Letaief, Mondher; Nouira, Semir
2013-05-01
The New Orleans Criteria and the Canadian CT Head Rule have been developed to decrease the number of normal computed tomography (CT) results in mild head injury. We compare the performance of both decision rules for identifying patients with intracranial traumatic lesions and those who require an urgent neurosurgical intervention after mild head injury. This was an observational cohort study performed between 2008 and 2011 on patients with mild head injury who were aged 10 years or older. We collected prospectively clinical head CT scan findings and outcome. Primary outcome was need for neurosurgical intervention, defined as either death or craniotomy, or the need of intubation within 15 days of the traumatic event. Secondary outcome was the presence of traumatic lesions on head CT scan. New Orleans Criteria and Canadian CT Head Rule decision rules were compared by using sensitivity specifications and positive and negative predictive value. We enrolled 1,582 patients. Neurosurgical intervention was performed in 34 patients (2.1%) and positive CT findings were demonstrated in 218 patients (13.8%). Sensitivity and specificity for need for neurosurgical intervention were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90% to 100%) and 60% (95% CI 44% to 76%) for the Canadian CT Head Rule and 82% (95% CI 69% to 95%) and 26% (95% CI 24% to 28%) for the New Orleans Criteria. Negative predictive values for the above-mentioned clinical decision rules were 100% and 99% and positive values were 5% and 2%, respectively, for the Canadian CT Head Rule and New Orleans Criteria. Sensitivity and specificity for clinical significant head CT findings were 95% (95% CI 92% to 98%) and 65% (95% CI 62% to 68%) for the Canadian CT Head Rule and 86% (95% CI 81% to 91%) and 28% (95% CI 26% to 30%) for the New Orleans Criteria. A similar trend of results was found in the subgroup of patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15. For patients with mild head injury, the Canadian CT Head Rule had higher sensitivity than the New Orleans Criteria, with higher negative predictive value. The question of whether the use of the Canadian CT Head Rule would have a greater influence on head CT scan reduction requires confirmation in real clinical practice. Copyright © 2012 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Nonperturbative QCD Coupling and its $$\\beta$$-function from Light-Front Holography
Brodskey, Stanley J.; de Teramond, Guy; Deur, Alexandre P.
2010-05-28
The light-front holographic mapping of classical gravity in AdS space, modified by a positive-sign dilaton background, leads to a non-perturbative effective couplingmore » $$\\alpha_s^{AdS}(Q^2)$$. It agrees with hadron physics data extracted from different observables, such as the effective charge defined by the Bjorken sum rule, as well as with the predictions of models with built-in confinement and lattice simulations. It also displays a transition from perturbative to nonperturbative conformal regimes at a momentum scale $$ \\sim 1$$ GeV. The resulting $$\\beta$$-function appears to capture the essential characteristics of the full $$\\beta$$-function of QCD, thus giving further support to the application of the gauge/gravity duality to the confining dynamics of strongly coupled QCD. Commensurate scale relations relate observables to each other without scheme or scale ambiguity. In this paper we extrapolate these relations to the nonperturbative domain, thus extending the range of predictions based on $$\\alpha_s^{AdS}(Q^2)$$.« less
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26 CFR 1.1258-1 - Netting rule for certain conversion transactions.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-04-01
... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Netting rule for certain conversion transactions....1258-1 Netting rule for certain conversion transactions. (a) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to provide taxpayers with a method to net certain gains and losses from positions of the same conversion...
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5 CFR 531.217 - Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-01-01
... be converted to GS-equivalent rates immediately before leaving the non-GS system, the employee is... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special conversion rules for certain non... Appointment Or Position Changes § 531.217 Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees. When an...
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5 CFR 531.217 - Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-01-01
... be converted to GS-equivalent rates immediately before leaving the non-GS system, the employee is... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Special conversion rules for certain non... Appointment Or Position Changes § 531.217 Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees. When an...
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5 CFR 531.217 - Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... be converted to GS-equivalent rates immediately before leaving the non-GS system, the employee is... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special conversion rules for certain non... Appointment Or Position Changes § 531.217 Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees. When an...
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5 CFR 531.217 - Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-01-01
... be converted to GS-equivalent rates immediately before leaving the non-GS system, the employee is... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special conversion rules for certain non... Appointment Or Position Changes § 531.217 Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees. When an...
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5 CFR 531.217 - Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
... be converted to GS-equivalent rates immediately before leaving the non-GS system, the employee is... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special conversion rules for certain non... Appointment Or Position Changes § 531.217 Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees. When an...
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Signal enhancement, not active suppression, follows the contingent capture of visual attention.
Livingstone, Ashley C; Christie, Gregory J; Wright, Richard D; McDonald, John J
2017-02-01
Irrelevant visual cues capture attention when they possess a task-relevant feature. Electrophysiologically, this contingent capture of attention is evidenced by the N2pc component of the visual event-related potential (ERP) and an enlarged ERP positivity over the occipital hemisphere contralateral to the cued location. The N2pc reflects an early stage of attentional selection, but presently it is unclear what the contralateral ERP positivity reflects. One hypothesis is that it reflects the perceptual enhancement of the cued search-array item; another hypothesis is that it is time-locked to the preceding cue display and reflects active suppression of the cue itself. Here, we varied the time interval between a cue display and a subsequent target display to evaluate these competing hypotheses. The results demonstrated that the contralateral ERP positivity is tightly time-locked to the appearance of the search display rather than the cue display, thereby supporting the perceptual enhancement hypothesis and disconfirming the cue-suppression hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).
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Consultation sequencing of a hospital with multiple service points using genetic programming
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Morikawa, Katsumi; Takahashi, Katsuhiko; Nagasawa, Keisuke
2018-07-01
A hospital with one consultation room operated by a physician and several examination rooms is investigated. Scheduled patients and walk-ins arrive at the hospital, each patient goes to the consultation room first, and some of them visit other service points before consulting the physician again. The objective function consists of the sum of three weighted average waiting times. The problem of sequencing patients for consultation is focused. To alleviate the stress of waiting, the consultation sequence is displayed. A dispatching rule is used to decide the sequence, and best rules are explored by genetic programming (GP). The simulation experiments indicate that the rules produced by GP can be reduced to simple permutations of queues, and the best permutation depends on the weight used in the objective function. This implies that a balanced allocation of waiting times can be achieved by ordering the priority among three queues.
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Colonnesi, Cristina; Nikolić, Milica; de Vente, Wieke; Bögels, Susan M
2017-07-01
Children's early onset of social anxiety may be associated with their social understanding, and their ability to express emotions adaptively. We examined whether social anxiety in 48-month-old children (N = 110; 54 boys) was related to: a) a lower level of theory of mind (ToM); b) a lower proclivity to express shyness in a positive way (adaptive); and c) a higher tendency to express shyness in a negative way (non-adaptive). In addition, we investigated to what extent children's level of social anxiety was predicted by the interaction between ToM and expressions of shyness. Children's positive and negative expressions of shyness were observed during a performance task. ToM was measured with a validated battery, and social anxiety was assessed using both parents' reports on questionnaires. Socially anxious children had a lower level of ToM, and displayed more negative and less positive shy expressions. However, children with a lower level of ToM who expressed more positive shyness were less socially anxious. Additional results show that children who displayed shyness only in a negative manner were more socially anxious than children who expressed shyness only in a positive way and children who did not display any shyness. Moreover, children who displayed both positive and negative expressions of shyness were more socially anxious than children who displayed shyness only in a positive way. These findings highlight the importance of ToM development and socio-emotional strategies, and their interaction, on the early development of social anxiety.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kochanska, Grazyna; Kim, Sanghag
2014-01-01
We propose a model linking the early parent-child mutually responsive orientation (MRO), children's temperament trait of effortful control, and their internalization of conduct rules. In a developmental chain, effortful control was posited as a mediator of the links between MRO and children's internalization. MRO was further posited as a moderator…
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32 CFR 707.2 - Man overboard lights.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Man overboard lights. 707.2 Section 707.2 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NAVIGATION SPECIAL RULES WITH RESPECT TO ADDITIONAL STATION AND SIGNAL LIGHTS § 707.2 Man overboard lights. Naval vessels may display, as a means of indicating man overboard, two...
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Exploring the Clapeyron Equation and the Phase Rule Using a Mechanical Drawing Toy
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Darvesh, Katherine V.
2013-01-01
The equilibrium between phases is a key concept from the introductory physical chemistry curriculum. Phase diagrams display which phase is the most stable at a given temperature and pressure. If more than one phase has the lowest Gibbs energy, then those phases are in equilibrium under those conditions. An activity designed to demonstrate the…
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16 CFR 455.2 - Consumer sales-window form.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-01-01
... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Consumer sales-window form. 455.2 Section... REGULATION RULE § 455.2 Consumer sales—window form. (a) General duty. Before you offer a used vehicle for sale to a consumer, you must prepare, fill in as applicable and display on that vehicle a “Buyers Guide...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-03-20
... the fee change will attract more displayed liquidity, lower transaction costs, and improve overall... Price List (``Price List'') for certain fees relating to trading securities listed on the Nasdaq Stock... Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange proposes to amend its Price List for certain...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-06-23
... making markets on NOM. Anti-internalization processing is available only to market makers and only on an... interest from the same firm when performing the same market making function. \\4\\ See, e.g., NASDAQ Rule... public customers. Options market makers generally do not display customer orders in market making...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-01-24
... quotations into any inter-dealer quotation system that permits quotation updates on a real-time basis to... particular OTC Equity Security in any inter-dealer quotation system, including any system that the SEC has... Securities in which it displays market making interest via an inter-dealer quotation system.'' See FINRA Rule...
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78 FR 28704 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Regulation Project
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-05-15
... ratio is 1.5 to 1 or less. Regulation section Sec. 1.163(j)-5(d) provides a special rule for adjusting... computing its debt-equity ratio, to elect to write off the basis of the stock of the acquired corporation... information unless the collection of information displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records...
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75 FR 30904 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Regulation Project
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-06-02
... arising in a taxable year in which the payer corporation's debt-equity ratio is 1.5 to 1 or less... qualified stock purchase. This rule allows the taxpayer, in computing its debt-equity ratio, to elect to... collection of information displays a valid OMB control number. Books or records relating to a collection of...
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26 CFR 53.4941(c)-1 - Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-04-01
... provisions of this paragraph may be illustrated by the following example: Example. A and B, who are managers... display in G's office, in a transaction which gives rise to liability for tax under section 4941(a)(2) (relating to tax on foundation managers). An initial tax is imposed on both A and B with respect to the act...
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26 CFR 53.4941(c)-1 - Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-04-01
... provisions of this paragraph may be illustrated by the following example: Example. A and B, who are managers... display in G's office, in a transaction which gives rise to liability for tax under section 4941(a)(2) (relating to tax on foundation managers). An initial tax is imposed on both A and B with respect to the act...
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26 CFR 53.4941(c)-1 - Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-04-01
... provisions of this paragraph may be illustrated by the following example: Example. A and B, who are managers... display in G's office, in a transaction which gives rise to liability for tax under section 4941(a)(2) (relating to tax on foundation managers). An initial tax is imposed on both A and B with respect to the act...
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26 CFR 53.4941(c)-1 - Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-04-01
... provisions of this paragraph may be illustrated by the following example: Example. A and B, who are managers... display in G's office, in a transaction which gives rise to liability for tax under section 4941(a)(2) (relating to tax on foundation managers). An initial tax is imposed on both A and B with respect to the act...
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26 CFR 53.4941(c)-1 - Special rules.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR
2014-04-01
... provisions of this paragraph may be illustrated by the following example: Example. A and B, who are managers... display in G's office, in a transaction which gives rise to liability for tax under section 4941(a)(2) (relating to tax on foundation managers). An initial tax is imposed on both A and B with respect to the act...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-03-09
... operative on March 1, 2012. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web site at... percentage of the orders of institutional investors are executed in dark pools. See Securities Exchange Act... frequency trading and un-displayed, or ``dark,'' liquidity. See also Mary L. Schapiro, Strengthening Our...
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49 CFR 325.71 - Scope of the rules in this subpart.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-10-01
... the sound level generated by a motor vehicle, as displayed on a sound level measurement system, during the measurement of the motor vehicle's sound level emissions at a test site which is not a standard site. (b) The purpose of adding or subtracting a correction factor is to equate the sound level reading...
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49 CFR 325.71 - Scope of the rules in this subpart.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-10-01
... the sound level generated by a motor vehicle, as displayed on a sound level measurement system, during the measurement of the motor vehicle's sound level emissions at a test site which is not a standard site. (b) The purpose of adding or subtracting a correction factor is to equate the sound level reading...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-09-19
... amend NASDAQ's schedule of execution fees and rebates under Rule 7018(a). As a general matter, the... in dark pools. Securities Exchange Act Release No. 61358 (January 14, 2010), 75 FR 3594 (January 21... market structure issues, including high frequency trading and un- displayed, or ``dark,'' liquidity. See...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-05-12
... Permanent a Unit-of-Count Metric Alternative for NYSE OpenBook Products May 5, 2010. I. Introduction On... Vendors use NYSE OpenBook data in their display services. In fact, the Exchange believes that proposal could encourage Vendors to create and promote innovative uses of NYSE OpenBook information. For instance...
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77 FR 35268 - Safety Zone, Fireworks Display, Lake Superior; Cornucopia, WI
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-06-13
..., delaying the effective date of this rule to wait for a comment period to run would be impracticable because... notice period run would also be impracticable and contrary to the public interest. B. Basis and Purpose... flashes of light, alcohol use, and debris falling into the water could easily result in serious injuries...
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Rules of Engagement for Land Forces: A Matter of Training, not Lawyering
1994-04-01
display that you have superior force at your disposal. Warning shot. Shoot a warning shot, if authorized. Pepper spray. Spray cayenne pepper spray, if...to indicate available force. He may use pepper spray or some other irritant, * C-7 if available, to ward off those who may reach toward a vehicle. He
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Constitution of the State of Illinois and United States: Study Guide.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Illinois State Office of Education, Springfield.
The study guide, intended for adults wishing to obtain a General Educational Development (GED) certificate in Illinois, discusses the U.S. Constitution, the Illinois Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and rules for displaying the U.S. flag. The objective is to aid adults in passing the constitution component of the GED examination.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lutkenhaus, Paul; And Others
1985-01-01
Describes how three-year-olds regulate their effort during competition and compares their facial expressions after failure and success, demonstrating the operation of a display rule in competition. Explores the cross-situational stability of subjects' regulation of behavior, as well as the relationship between factors influencing mother-child…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Liew, Jeffrey; Eisenberg, Nancy; Reiser, Mark
2004-01-01
Relations among effortful control/low negative emotionality, immediate reactions in a situation that usually calls for the masking of disappointment (i.e., the use of display rules), and social competence/adjustment were investigated for 78 preschool children (mean age=4.87 years). Parents, teachers, and peers rated children on negative…
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HASEGAWA, Mitsuhiro; NOURI, Mohsen; FUJISAWA, Hironori; HAYASHI, Yutaka; INAMASU, Joji; HIROSE, Yuichi; YAMASHITA, Junkoh
2015-01-01
There are many reports on position-related complications in neurosurgical literature but so far, continuous quantification of the patient’s position during the surgery has not been reported. This study aims to explore the utility of a new surgical table system and its software in displaying the patient’s body positions during surgery on real-time basis. More than 200 neurosurgical cases were monitored for their positions intra-operatively. The position was digitally recorded and could be seen by all the members in the operating team. It also displayed the three-dimensional relationship between the head and the heart positions. No position-related complications were observed during the study. The system was able to serve as an excellent indicator for monitoring the patient’s position. The recordings were analyzed and even used to reproduce or improve the position in the subsequent operations. The novel technique of monitoring the position of the head and the heart of the patients and the operating table planes are considered to be useful during delicate neurosurgical procedures thereby, preventing inadvertent procedural errors. This can be used to quantify various surgical positions in the future and define safety measures accordingly. PMID:25797776
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Hasegawa, Mitsuhiro; Nouri, Mohsen; Fujisawa, Hironori; Hayashi, Yutaka; Inamasu, Joji; Hirose, Yuichi; Yamashita, Junkoh
2015-01-01
There are many reports on position-related complications in neurosurgical literature but so far, continuous quantification of the patient's position during the surgery has not been reported. This study aims to explore the utility of a new surgical table system and its software in displaying the patient's body positions during surgery on real-time basis. More than 200 neurosurgical cases were monitored for their positions intra-operatively. The position was digitally recorded and could be seen by all the members in the operating team. It also displayed the three-dimensional relationship between the head and the heart positions. No position-related complications were observed during the study. The system was able to serve as an excellent indicator for monitoring the patient's position. The recordings were analyzed and even used to reproduce or improve the position in the subsequent operations. The novel technique of monitoring the position of the head and the heart of the patients and the operating table planes are considered to be useful during delicate neurosurgical procedures thereby, preventing inadvertent procedural errors. This can be used to quantify various surgical positions in the future and define safety measures accordingly.
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Are false-positive rates leading to an overestimation of noise-induced hearing loss?
Schlauch, Robert S; Carney, Edward
2011-04-01
To estimate false-positive rates for rules proposed to identify early noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) using the presence of notches in audiograms. Audiograms collected from school-age children in a national survey of health and nutrition (the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES III]; National Center for Health Statistics, 1994) were examined using published rules for identifying noise notches at various pass-fail criteria. These results were compared with computer-simulated "flat" audiograms. The proportion of these identified as having a noise notch is an estimate of the false-positive rate for a particular rule. Audiograms from the NHANES III for children 6-11 years of age yielded notched audiograms at rates consistent with simulations, suggesting that this group does not have significant NIHL. Further, pass-fail criteria for rules suggested by expert clinicians, applied to NHANES III audiometric data, yielded unacceptably high false-positive rates. Computer simulations provide an effective method for estimating false-positive rates for protocols used to identify notched audiograms. Audiometric precision could possibly be improved by (a) eliminating systematic calibration errors, including a possible problem with reference levels for TDH-style earphones; (b) repeating and averaging threshold measurements; and (c) using earphones that yield lower variability for 6.0 and 8.0 kHz--2 frequencies critical for identifying noise notches.
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Shazman, Shula; Celniker, Gershon; Haber, Omer; Glaser, Fabian; Mandel-Gutfreund, Yael
2007-07-01
Positively charged electrostatic patches on protein surfaces are usually indicative of nucleic acid binding interfaces. Interestingly, many proteins which are not involved in nucleic acid binding possess large positive patches on their surface as well. In some cases, the positive patches on the protein are related to other functional properties of the protein family. PatchFinderPlus (PFplus) http://pfp.technion.ac.il is a web-based tool for extracting and displaying continuous electrostatic positive patches on protein surfaces. The input required for PFplus is either a four letter PDB code or a protein coordinate file in PDB format, provided by the user. PFplus computes the continuum electrostatics potential and extracts the largest positive patch for each protein chain in the PDB file. The server provides an output file in PDB format including a list of the patch residues. In addition, the largest positive patch is displayed on the server by a graphical viewer (Jmol), using a simple color coding.
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Shazman, Shula; Celniker, Gershon; Haber, Omer; Glaser, Fabian; Mandel-Gutfreund, Yael
2007-01-01
Positively charged electrostatic patches on protein surfaces are usually indicative of nucleic acid binding interfaces. Interestingly, many proteins which are not involved in nucleic acid binding possess large positive patches on their surface as well. In some cases, the positive patches on the protein are related to other functional properties of the protein family. PatchFinderPlus (PFplus) http://pfp.technion.ac.il is a web-based tool for extracting and displaying continuous electrostatic positive patches on protein surfaces. The input required for PFplus is either a four letter PDB code or a protein coordinate file in PDB format, provided by the user. PFplus computes the continuum electrostatics potential and extracts the largest positive patch for each protein chain in the PDB file. The server provides an output file in PDB format including a list of the patch residues. In addition, the largest positive patch is displayed on the server by a graphical viewer (Jmol), using a simple color coding. PMID:17537808
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Mock jury trials in Taiwan--paving the ground for introducing lay participation.
Huang, Kuo-Chang; Lin, Chang-Ching
2014-08-01
The first mock jury study in Taiwan, in which 279 community members watched a videotaped trial, investigated how jurors' estimates of the relative undesirability of wrongful conviction versus wrongful acquittal predicted individual decisions and how decision rules affected outcomes. The percentage of jurors who viewed wrongful conviction as more undesirable increased from 50.9% to 60.9% after deliberation and jurors' postdeliberation acquittal rate (71.7%) was higher than predeliberation acquittal rate (58.8%). Jurors' estimates of the undesirability of wrongful conviction were not correlated with their predeliberation votes but became positively correlated with their postdeliberation decisions. The unanimous rule facilitated jurors' change of vote, predominantly from conviction to acquittal, than the simple majority rule. Jurors reaching a verdict under the unanimous rule viewed deliberation and the verdict more positively. This study indicates that deliberation can ameliorate the problem of most Taiwanese citizens not viewing wrongful conviction as more undesirable than wrongful acquittal. It also suggests that Taiwan should adopt a unanimous rule for its proposed lay participation system.
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Crew and Display Concepts Evaluation for Synthetic / Enhanced Vision Systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Bailey, Randall E.; Kramer, Lynda J.; Prinzel, Lawrence J., III
2006-01-01
NASA s Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) project is developing technologies with practical applications that strive to eliminate low-visibility conditions as a causal factor to civil aircraft accidents and replicate the operational benefits of clear day flight operations, regardless of the actual outside visibility condition. Enhanced Vision System (EVS) technologies are analogous and complementary in many respects to SVS, with the principle difference being that EVS is an imaging sensor presentation, as opposed to a database-derived image. The use of EVS in civil aircraft is projected to increase rapidly as the Federal Aviation Administration recently changed the aircraft operating rules under Part 91, revising the flight visibility requirements for conducting operations to civil airports. Operators conducting straight-in instrument approach procedures may now operate below the published approach minimums when using an approved EVS that shows the required visual references on the pilot s Head-Up Display. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the complementary use of SVS and EVS technologies, specifically focusing on new techniques for integration and/or fusion of synthetic and enhanced vision technologies and crew resource management while operating under the newly adopted FAA rules which provide operating credit for EVS. Overall, the experimental data showed that significant improvements in SA without concomitant increases in workload and display clutter could be provided by the integration and/or fusion of synthetic and enhanced vision technologies for the pilot-flying and the pilot-not-flying.
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Tobacco industry interference for pictorial warnings.
Oswal, K C; Pednekar, M S; Gupta, P C
2010-07-01
A study was carried out to understand the process of interference by the tobacco industry, to measure the compliance of the industry for displaying pictorial warnings on a tobacco product as per the packaging and labeling rules post 31st May, 2009, and to understand the public opinion on the messages conveyed through such warnings. A total of 60 samples of tobacco products were purchased after 31 May, 2009, from the retail vendors of tobacco sellers across the country. The government of India has from time to time, taken measures, including legislations, to control tobacco consumption. The actual implementation of these rules has been postponed repeatedly, apparently because of constant pressure exerted by the tobacco industry. The skull and bone sign hurting religious sentiments as stated by the group of ministers proved to be misleading. Later the Group of Ministers (GOM) proposed three very weak and poorly communicative pictorial health warnings to replace those recommended by the Union Health Ministry based on the inputs of the Department of Audio Visual Publicity (DAVP). The industry tried to use strategic means by displaying a dull, diluted, and watered down pictorial warning. The focus group study conducted showed that a scorpion gets associated with the product in a non-scientific manner. X-ray of the lung was hardly understood by anybody. Overall the tobacco industry has constantly flouted with the law right from the policy level to its implementation by displaying dull, diluted, and poorly informed pictorial warnings.
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Dazard, Jean-Eudes; Choe, Michael; LeBlanc, Michael; Rao, J. Sunil
2015-01-01
PRIMsrc is a novel implementation of a non-parametric bump hunting procedure, based on the Patient Rule Induction Method (PRIM), offering a unified treatment of outcome variables, including censored time-to-event (Survival), continuous (Regression) and discrete (Classification) responses. To fit the model, it uses a recursive peeling procedure with specific peeling criteria and stopping rules depending on the response. To validate the model, it provides an objective function based on prediction-error or other specific statistic, as well as two alternative cross-validation techniques, adapted to the task of decision-rule making and estimation in the three types of settings. PRIMsrc comes as an open source R package, including at this point: (i) a main function for fitting a Survival Bump Hunting model with various options allowing cross-validated model selection to control model size (#covariates) and model complexity (#peeling steps) and generation of cross-validated end-point estimates; (ii) parallel computing; (iii) various S3-generic and specific plotting functions for data visualization, diagnostic, prediction, summary and display of results. It is available on CRAN and GitHub. PMID:26798326
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Ellis, Stephen R.; Adelstein, Bernard D.; Yeom, Kiwon
2013-01-01
The Misalignment Effect Function (MEF) describes the decrement in manual performance associated with a rotation between operators' visual display frame of reference and that of their manual control. It now has been empirically determined for rotation axes oblique to canonical body axes and is compared with the MEF previously measured for rotations about canonical axes. A targeting rule, called the Secant Rule, based on these earlier measurements is derived from a hypothetical process and shown to describe some of the data from three previous experiments. It explains the motion trajectories determined for rotations less than 65deg in purely kinematic terms without the need to appeal to a mental rotation process. Further analysis of this rule in three dimensions applied to oblique rotation axes leads to a somewhat surprising expectation that the difficulty posed by rotational misalignment should get harder as the required movement is shorter. This prediction is confirmed. Geometry underlying this rule also suggests analytic extensions for predicting more generally the difficulty of making movements in arbitrary directions subject to arbitrary misalignments.
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The transfer of category knowledge by macaques (Macaca mulatta) and humans (Homo sapiens).
Zakrzewski, Alexandria C; Church, Barbara A; Smith, J David
2018-02-01
Cognitive psychologists distinguish implicit, procedural category learning (stimulus-response associations learned outside declarative cognition) from explicit-declarative category learning (conscious category rules). These systems are dissociated by category learning tasks with either a multidimensional, information-integration (II) solution or a unidimensional, rule-based (RB) solution. In the present experiments, humans and two monkeys learned II and RB category tasks fostering implicit and explicit learning, respectively. Then they received occasional transfer trials-never directly reinforced-drawn from untrained regions of the stimulus space. We hypothesized that implicit-procedural category learning-allied to associative learning-would transfer weakly because it is yoked to the training stimuli. This result was confirmed for humans and monkeys. We hypothesized that explicit category learning-allied to abstract category rules-would transfer robustly. This result was confirmed only for humans. That is, humans displayed explicit category knowledge that transferred flawlessly. Monkeys did not. This result illuminates the distinctive abstractness, stimulus independence, and representational portability of humans' explicit category rules. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).