Ultrasensitive Silicon Photonic-Crystal Nanobeam Electro-Optical Modulator (Preprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

and simulation results are presented for an ultralow switching energy, resonator based silicon-on-insulator (SOI) electro-optical modulator. The...joshua.hendrickson@wpafb.af.mil Abstract: Design and simulation results are presented for an ultralow switching energy, resonator based silicon-on...S. Fegadolli, J. E. B. Oliveira, V. R. Almeida, and A. Scherer, “Compact and low power consumption tunable photonic crystal nanobeam cavity,” 21

Life insurance risk assessment using a fuzzy logic expert system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carreno, Luis A.; Steel, Roy A.

1992-01-01

In this paper, we present a knowledge based system that combines fuzzy processing with rule-based processing to form an improved decision aid for evaluating risk for life insurance. This application illustrates the use of FuzzyCLIPS to build a knowledge based decision support system possessing fuzzy components to improve user interactions and KBS performance. The results employing FuzzyCLIPS are compared with the results obtained from the solution of the problem using traditional numerical equations. The design of the fuzzy solution consists of a CLIPS rule-based system for some factors combined with fuzzy logic rules for others. This paper describes the problem, proposes a solution, presents the results, and provides a sample output of the software product.

Trigram-based algorithms for OCR result correction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bulatov, Konstantin; Manzhikov, Temudzhin; Slavin, Oleg; Faradjev, Igor; Janiszewski, Igor

2017-03-01

In this paper we consider a task of improving optical character recognition (OCR) results of document fields on low-quality and average-quality images using N-gram models. Cyrillic fields of Russian Federation internal passport are analyzed as an example. Two approaches are presented: the first one is based on hypothesis of dependence of a symbol from two adjacent symbols and the second is based on calculation of marginal distributions and Bayesian networks computation. A comparison of the algorithms and experimental results within a real document OCR system are presented, it's showed that the document field OCR accuracy can be improved by more than 6% for low-quality images.

Cloud-based Monte Carlo modelling of BSSRDF for the rendering of human skin appearance (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doronin, Alexander; Rushmeier, Holly E.; Meglinski, Igor; Bykov, Alexander V.

2016-03-01

We present a new Monte Carlo based approach for the modelling of Bidirectional Scattering-Surface Reflectance Distribution Function (BSSRDF) for accurate rendering of human skin appearance. The variations of both skin tissues structure and the major chromophores are taken into account correspondingly to the different ethnic and age groups. The computational solution utilizes HTML5, accelerated by the graphics processing units (GPUs), and therefore is convenient for the practical use at the most of modern computer-based devices and operating systems. The results of imitation of human skin reflectance spectra, corresponding skin colours and examples of 3D faces rendering are presented and compared with the results of phantom studies.

Ship Detection Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery and Space-Based AIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hannevik, Tonje Nanette; Skauen, Andreas N.; Olsen, R. B.

2013-03-01

This paper presents a trial carried out in the Malangen area close to Tromsø city in the north of Norway in September 2010. High resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from RADARSAT-2 were used to analyse how SAR images and cooperative reporting can be combined. Data from the Automatic Identification System, both land-based and space-based, have been used to identify detected vessels in the SAR images. The paper presents results of ship detection in high resolution RADARSAT-2 Standard Quad-Pol images, and how these results together with land-based and space-based AIS can be used. Some examples of tracking of vessels are also shown.

Template-Based 3D Reconstruction of Non-rigid Deformable Object from Monocular Video

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yang; Peng, Xiaodong; Zhou, Wugen; Liu, Bo; Gerndt, Andreas

2018-06-01

In this paper, we propose a template-based 3D surface reconstruction system of non-rigid deformable objects from monocular video sequence. Firstly, we generate a semi-dense template of the target object with structure from motion method using a subsequence video. This video can be captured by rigid moving camera orienting the static target object or by a static camera observing the rigid moving target object. Then, with the reference template mesh as input and based on the framework of classical template-based methods, we solve an energy minimization problem to get the correspondence between the template and every frame to get the time-varying mesh to present the deformation of objects. The energy terms combine photometric cost, temporal and spatial smoothness cost as well as as-rigid-as-possible cost which can enable elastic deformation. In this paper, an easy and controllable solution to generate the semi-dense template for complex objects is presented. Besides, we use an effective iterative Schur based linear solver for the energy minimization problem. The experimental evaluation presents qualitative deformation objects reconstruction results with real sequences. Compare against the results with other templates as input, the reconstructions based on our template have more accurate and detailed results for certain regions. The experimental results show that the linear solver we used performs better efficiency compared to traditional conjugate gradient based solver.

Diagnosis of edge condition based on force measurement during milling of composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Felusiak, Agata; Twardowski, Paweł

2018-04-01

The present paper presents comparative results of the forecasting of a cutting tool wear with the application of different methods of diagnostic deduction based on the measurement of cutting force components. The research was carried out during the milling of the Duralcan F3S.10S aluminum-ceramic composite. Prediction of the toolwear was based on one variable, two variables regression Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)and Radial Basis Function(RBF)neural networks. Forecasting the condition of the cutting tool on the basis of cutting forces has yielded very satisfactory results.

Infrared radiative energy transfer in gaseous systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tiwari, Surendra N.

1991-01-01

Analyses and numerical procedures are presented to investigate the radiative interactions in various energy transfer processes in gaseous systems. Both gray and non-gray radiative formulations for absorption and emission by molecular gases are presented. The gray gas formulations are based on the Planck mean absorption coefficient and the non-gray formulations are based on the wide band model correlations for molecular absorption. Various relations for the radiative flux and divergence of radiative flux are developed. These are useful for different flow conditions and physical problems. Specific plans for obtaining extensive results for different cases are presented. The procedure developed was applied to several realistic problems. Results of selected studies are presented.

Trajectory And Heating Of A Hypervelocity Projectile

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tauber, Michael E.

1992-01-01

Technical paper presents derivation of approximate, closed-form equation for relationship between velocity of projectile and density of atmosphere. Results of calculations based on approximate equation agree well with results from numerical integrations of exact equations of motion. Comparisons of results presented in series of graphs.

Laser-Based Trespassing Prediction in Restrictive Environments: A Linear Approach

PubMed Central

Cheein, Fernando Auat; Scaglia, Gustavo

2012-01-01

Stationary range laser sensors for intruder monitoring, restricted space violation detections and workspace determination are extensively used in risky environments. In this work we present a linear based approach for predicting the presence of moving agents before they trespass a laser-based restricted space. Our approach is based on the Taylor's series expansion of the detected objects' movements. The latter makes our proposal suitable for embedded applications. In the experimental results (carried out in different scenarios) presented herein, our proposal shows 100% of effectiveness in predicting trespassing situations. Several implementation results and statistics analysis showing the performance of our proposal are included in this work.

Integrated vehicle-based safety systems heavy truck field operational test, methodology and results report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

"This document presents the methodology and results from the heavy-truck field operational test conducted as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems program. These findings are the result of analyses performed by the University of Michiga...

Integrated vehicle-based safety systems light-vehicle field operational test, methodology and results report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

"This document presents the methodology and results from the light-vehicle field operational test conducted as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems program. These findings are the result of analyses performed by the University of Michi...

Laser-Based Lighting: Experimental Analysis and Perspectives

PubMed Central

Yushchenko, Maksym; Buffolo, Matteo; Meneghini, Matteo; Zanoni, Enrico

2017-01-01

This paper presents an extensive analysis of the operating principles, theoretical background, advantages and limitations of laser-based lighting systems. In the first part of the paper we discuss the main advantages and issues of laser-based lighting, and present a comparison with conventional LED-lighting technology. In the second part of the paper, we present original experimental data on the stability and reliability of phosphor layers for laser lighting, based on high light-intensity and high-temperature degradation tests. In the third part of the paper (for the first time) we present a detailed comparison between three different solutions for laser lighting, based on (i) transmissive phosphor layers; (ii) a reflective/angled phosphor layer; and (iii) a parabolic reflector, by discussing the advantages and drawbacks of each approach. The results presented within this paper can be used as a guideline for the development of advanced lighting systems based on laser diodes. PMID:29019958

The method of neutron imaging as a tool for the study of the dynamics of water movement in wet aramid-based ballistic body armour panels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reifler, Felix A.; Lehmann, Eberhard H.; Frei, Gabriel; May, Hans; Rossi, René

2006-07-01

A new non-destructive method based on neutron imaging (neutron radiography) to determine the exact water content in aramid-based soft body armour panels is presented. While investigating the ballistic resistance of aramid-based body armour panels under a wet condition, it is important to precisely determine their water content and its chronological development. Using the presented method, the influence of water amount and location on impact testing as well as its time dependence was shown. In the ballistic panels used, spreading of water strongly depended on the kind of quilting. Very fast water migration could be observed when the panels were held vertically. Some first results regarding the water distribution in wet panels immediately after the impact are presented. On the basis of the presented results, requirements for a standard for testing the performance of ballistic panels in the wet state are deduced.

The detection of bulk explosives using nuclear-based techniques

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morgado, R.E.; Gozani, T.; Seher, C.C.

1988-01-01

In 1986 we presented a rationale for the detection of bulk explosives based on nuclear techniques that addressed the requirements of civil aviation security in the airport environment. Since then, efforts have intensified to implement a system based on thermal neutron activation (TNA), with new work developing in fast neutron and energetic photon reactions. In this paper we will describe these techniques and present new results from laboratory and airport testing. Based on preliminary results, we contended in our earlier paper that nuclear-based techniques did provide sufficiently penetrating probes and distinguishable detectable reaction products to achieve the FAA operational goals;more » new data have supported this contention. The status of nuclear-based techniques for the detection of bulk explosives presently under investigation by the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is reviewed. These include thermal neutron activation (TNA), fast neutron activation (FNA), the associated particle technique, nuclear resonance absorption, and photoneutron activation. The results of comprehensive airport testing of the TNA system performed during 1987-88 are summarized. From a technical point of view, nuclear-based techniques now represent the most comprehensive and feasible approach for meeting the operational criteria of detection, false alarms, and throughput. 9 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.« less

Analysis of atmospheric trace constituents from high resolution infrared balloon-borne and ground-based solar absorption spectra

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goldman, A.; Murcray, F. J.; Rinsland, C. P.; Blatherwick, R. D.; Murcray, F. H.; Murcray, D. G.

1991-01-01

Results of ongoing studies of high-resolution solar absorption spectra aimed at the identification and quantification of trace constituents of importance in the chemistry of the stratosphere and upper troposphere are presented. An analysis of balloon-borne and ground-based spectra obtained at 0.0025/cm covering the 700-2200/cm interval is presented. The 0.0025/cm spectra, along with corresponding laboratory spectra, improves the spectral line parameters, and thus the accuracy of quantifying trace constituents. Results for COF2, F22, SF6, and other species are presented. The retrieval methods used for total column density and altitude distribution for both ground-based and balloon-borne spectra are also discussed.

Low friction and galling resistant coatings and processes for coating

DOEpatents

Johnson, Roger N.

1987-01-01

The present invention describes coating processes and the resultant coated articles for use in high temperature sodium environments, such as those found in liquid metal fast breeder reactors and their associated systems. The substrate to which the coating is applied may be either an iron base or nickel base alloy. The coating itself is applied to the substrate by electro-spark deposition techniques which result in metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate. One coating according to the present invention involves electro-spark depositing material from a cemented chromium carbide electrode and an aluminum electrode. Another coating according to the present invention involves electro-spark depositing material from a cemented chromium carbide electrode and a nickel-base hardfacing alloy electrode.

ConfChem Conference on Select 2016 BCCE Presentations: Tracking Student Use of Web-Based Resources for Chemical Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bodily, Robert; Wood, Steven

2017-01-01

This paper presents the technical infrastructure required to track student use of web-based resources in an introductory chemistry course, the design of a student dashboard, and the results from analyzing student web-based resource use. Students were tracked as they interacted with online homework problems and high quality course content videos.…

Life-Cycle Thinking in Inquiry-Based Sustainability Education--Effects on Students' Attitudes towards Chemistry and Environmental Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Juntunen, Marianne; Aksela, Maija

2013-01-01

The aim of the present study is to improve the quality of students' environmental literacy and sustainability education in chemistry teaching by combining the socio-scientific issue of life-cycle thinking with inquiry-based learning approaches. This case study presents results from an inquiry-based life-cycle thinking project: an interdisciplinary…

Influence on Levels of Information as Presented by Different Technologies on Students' Understanding of Acid, Base, and pH Concepts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nakhleh, Mary B.; Krajcik, Joseph S.

1994-01-01

Involves secondary students in a study designed to allow investigation into how different levels of information presented by various technologies (chemical indicators, pH meters, and microcomputer-based laboratories-MBLs) affected students' understanding of acid, base, and pH concepts. Results showed that students using MBLs exhibited a greater…

Reaction time for trimolecular reactions in compartment-based reaction-diffusion models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Fei; Chen, Minghan; Erban, Radek; Cao, Yang

2018-05-01

Trimolecular reaction models are investigated in the compartment-based (lattice-based) framework for stochastic reaction-diffusion modeling. The formulae for the first collision time and the mean reaction time are derived for the case where three molecules are present in the solution under periodic boundary conditions. For the case of reflecting boundary conditions, similar formulae are obtained using a computer-assisted approach. The accuracy of these formulae is further verified through comparison with numerical results. The presented derivation is based on the first passage time analysis of Montroll [J. Math. Phys. 10, 753 (1969)]. Montroll's results for two-dimensional lattice-based random walks are adapted and applied to compartment-based models of trimolecular reactions, which are studied in one-dimensional or pseudo one-dimensional domains.

Convergence acceleration of the Proteus computer code with multigrid methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Demuren, A. O.; Ibraheem, S. O.

1992-01-01

Presented here is the first part of a study to implement convergence acceleration techniques based on the multigrid concept in the Proteus computer code. A review is given of previous studies on the implementation of multigrid methods in computer codes for compressible flow analysis. Also presented is a detailed stability analysis of upwind and central-difference based numerical schemes for solving the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. Results are given of a convergence study of the Proteus code on computational grids of different sizes. The results presented here form the foundation for the implementation of multigrid methods in the Proteus code.

Study of helicopterroll control effectiveness criteria

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heffley, Robert K.; Bourne, Simon M.; Curtiss, Howard C., Jr.; Hindson, William S.; Hess, Ronald A.

1986-01-01

A study of helicopter roll control effectiveness based on closed-loop task performance measurement and modeling is presented. Roll control critieria are based on task margin, the excess of vehicle task performance capability over the pilot's task performance demand. Appropriate helicopter roll axis dynamic models are defined for use with analytic models for task performance. Both near-earth and up-and-away large-amplitude maneuvering phases are considered. The results of in-flight and moving-base simulation measurements are presented to support the roll control effectiveness criteria offered. This Volume contains the theoretical analysis, simulation results and criteria development.

The effect of individually-induced processes on image-based overlay and diffraction-based overlay

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oh, SeungHwa; Lee, Jeongjin; Lee, Seungyoon; Hwang, Chan; Choi, Gilheyun; Kang, Ho-Kyu; Jung, EunSeung

2014-04-01

In this paper, set of wafers with separated processes was prepared and overlay measurement result was compared in two methods; IBO and DBO. Based on the experimental result, theoretical approach of relationship between overlay mark deformation and overlay variation is presented. Moreover, overlay reading simulation was used in verification and prediction of overlay variation due to deformation of overlay mark caused by induced processes. Through this study, understanding of individual process effects on overlay measurement error is given. Additionally, guideline of selecting proper overlay measurement scheme for specific layer is presented.

Functional Analysis and Preliminary Specifications for a Single Integrated Central Computer System for Secondary Schools and Junior Colleges. Interim Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1968

The present report proposes a central computing facility and presents the preliminary specifications for such a system. It is based, in part, on the results of earlier studies by two previous contractors on behalf of the U.S. Office of Education. The recommendations are based upon the present contractors considered evaluation of the earlier…

Challenge-Based Instruction: The VaNTH Biomechanics Learning Modules

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barr, Ronald E.; Pandy, Marcus G.; Petrosino, Anthony J.; Roselli, Robert J.; Brophy, Sean; Freeman, Robert A.

2007-01-01

This paper presents the methodology and results of teaching an entire engineering course using challenge-based instruction. The challenges consisted of eight biomechanics multimedia learning modules developed by the authors as part of a broader NSF educational coalition. The biomechanics modules were presented in an undergraduate mechanical…

Impact performance of two bamboo-based laminated composites

Treesearch

Huanrong Liu; Zehui Jiang; Zhengjun Sun; Yan Yan; Zhiyong Cai; Xiubiao Zhang

2017-01-01

The present work aims to determine the impact performance of two bamboo-based laminated composites [bamboo/poplar laminated composite (BPLC) and bamboo/ glass fiber laminated composite (BGFLC)] using lowvelocity impact tests by a drop tower. In addition, fracture characteristics were evaluated using computed tomography (CT). Results showed that BPLC presented better...

Constraints on the Interstellar Dust Flux Based on Stardust@Home Search Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Westphal, A. J.; Allen, C.; Anderson, D.; Bajt, S.; Bechtel, H. A.; Borg, J.; Brenker, F.; Bridges, J.; Brownlee, D. E.; Burchell, M.; Burghammer, M.; Butterworth, A. L.; Cloetens, P.; Davis, A. M.; Floss, C.; Flynn, G. J.; Frank, D.; Gainsforth, Z.; Grün, E.; Heck, P. R.; Hillier, J. K.; Hoppe, P.; Howard, L.; Huss, G. R.; Huth, J.; Kearsley, A.; King, A. J.; Lai, B.; Leitner, J.; Lemelle, L.; Leroux, H.; Lettieri, R.; Lyverse, P.; Marchant, W.; Nittler, L. R.; Ogliore, R. C.; Postberg, F.; Price, M. C.; Sandford, S. A.; Sans Tresseras, J. A.; Schmitz, S.; Schoonjans, T.; Silversmit, G.; Simionovici, A.; Srama, R.; Stadermann, F. J.; Stephan, T.; Stodolna, J.; Stroud, R. M.; Sutton, S. R.; Toucoulou, R.; Trieloff, M.; Tsou, P.; Tsuchiyama, A.; Tyliczszak, T.; Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; von Korff, J.; Zevin, D.; Zolensky, M. E.; 29,000 Stardust@Home Dusters

2011-03-01

We present constraints on the interstellar dust flux based on Stardust@home search results, informed by recent high-fidelity laboratory calibrations of track sizes in aerogel in the difficult regime above 10 km/s and submicrometer sizes.

Autonomous subpixel satellite track end point determination for space-based images.

PubMed

Simms, Lance M

2011-08-01

An algorithm for determining satellite track end points with subpixel resolution in spaced-based images is presented. The algorithm allows for significant curvature in the imaged track due to rotation of the spacecraft capturing the image. The motivation behind the subpixel end point determination is first presented, followed by a description of the methodology used. Results from running the algorithm on real ground-based and simulated spaced-based images are shown to highlight its effectiveness.

Skull base erosion and associated complications in sphenoid sinus fungal balls

PubMed Central

Meier, Josh C.; Remenschneider, Aaron K.; Sadow, Peter; Chambers, Kyle; Dedmon, Matt; Lin, Derrick T.; Holbrook, Eric H.; Metson, Ralph; Gray, Stacey T.

2016-01-01

Background: Sphenoid sinus fungal balls (SSFB) are rare entities that can result in serious orbital and intracranial complications. There are few published reports of complications that result from SSFB. Objective: To review the incidence of skull base erosion and orbital or intracranial complications in patients who present with SSFB. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all the patients with SSFB who were treated at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary from 2006 to 2014. Presenting clinical data, radiology, operative reports, pathology, and postoperative course were reviewed. Results: Forty-three patients with SSFB were identified. Demographic data were compared between patients with (39.5%) and those without (61.5%) skull base erosion. Two patients underwent emergent surgery for acute complications of SSFB (one patient with blindness, one patient who had a seizure). Both patients with acute complications had evidence of skull base erosion, whereas no patients with an intact skull base developed an orbital or intracranial complication (p = 0.15). All the patients were surgically managed via an endoscopic approach. Conclusion: SSFBs are rare but may cause significant skull base erosion and potentially severe orbital and intracranial complications if not treated appropriately. Endoscopic sphenoidotomy is effective in treating SSFB and should be performed emergently in patients who presented with associated complications. PMID:28683250

PRELIMINARY RESULTS: EVALUATIONS OF THE ALTERNATIVE ASBESTOS CONTROL METHOD FOR BUILDING DEMOLITION

EPA Science Inventory

This presentation describes the preliminary results of the evaluations of the alternative asbestos control method for demolishing buildings containing asbestos, and are covered under the regulatory requirements of the Asbestos NESHAP. This abstract and presentation are based, at ...

Analysis of Atmospheric Trace Constituents from High Resolution Infrared Balloon-Borne and Ground-Based Solar Absorption Spectra

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goldman, A.; Murcray, F. J.; Rinsland, C. P.; Blatherwick, R. D.; Murcray, F. H.; Murcray, D. G.

1991-01-01

Recent results and ongoing studies of high resolution solar absorption spectra will be presented. The analysis of these spectra is aimed at the identification and quantification of trace constituents important in atmospheric chemistry of the stratosphere and upper troposphere. Analysis of balloon-borne and ground-based spectra obtained at 0.0025/ cm covering the 700-2200/ cm interval will be presented. Results from ground-based 0.02/ cm solar spectra, from several locations such as Denver, South Pole, M. Loa, and New Zealand will also be shown. The 0.0025/ cm spectra show many new spectroscopic features. The analysis of these spectra, along with corresponding laboratory spectra, improves the spectral line parameters, and thus the accuracy of trace constituents quantification. The combination of the recent balloon flights, with earlier flights data since 1978 at 0.02/ cm resolution, provides trends analysis of several stratospheric trace species. Results for COF2, F22, SF6, and other species will be presented. Analysis of several ground-based solar spectra provides trends for HCl, HF and other species. The retrieval methods used for total column density and altitude distribution for both ground-based and balloon-borne spectra will be presented. These are extended for the analysis of the ground-based spectra to be obtained by the high resolution interferometers of the Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC). Progress or the University of Denver studies for the NDSC will be presented. This will include intercomparison of solar spectra and trace gases retrievals obtained from simultaneous scans by the high resolution (0.0025/ cm) interferometers of BRUKER and BOMEM.

Highlights: US Commercial Remote Sensing Industry Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rabin, Ron

2002-01-01

This viewgraph presentation profiles the US remote sensing industry based on responses to a survey by 1450 industry professionals. The presentation divides the industry into three sectors: academic, commercial, and government; the survey results from each are covered in a section of the presentation. The presentation also divides survey results on user needs into the following sectors: spatial resolution, geolocation accuracy; elevation accuracy, area coverage, imagery types, and timeliness. Data, information, and software characteristics are also covered in the presentation.

Effects of alternative outcome scenarios and structured outcome evaluation on case-based ethics instruction.

PubMed

Peacock, Juandre; Harkrider, Lauren N; Bagdasarov, Zhanna; Connelly, Shane; Johnson, James F; Thiel, Chase E; Macdougall, Alexandra E; Mumford, Michael D; Devenport, Lynn D

2013-09-01

Case-based instruction has been regarded by many as a viable alternative to traditional lecture-based education and training. However, little is known about how case-based training techniques impact training effectiveness. This study examined the effects of two such techniques: (a) presentation of alternative outcome scenarios to a case, and (b) conducting a structured outcome evaluation. Consistent with the hypotheses, results indicate that presentation of alternative outcome scenarios reduced knowledge acquisition, reduced sensemaking and ethical decision-making strategy use, and reduced decision ethicality. Conducting a structured outcome evaluation had no impact on these outcomes. Results indicate that those who use case-based instruction should take care to use clear, less complex cases with only a singular outcome if they are seeking these types of outcomes.

Integrated vehicle-based safety systems field operational test final program report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-06-01

"This document presents results from the light-vehicle and heavy-truck field operational tests performed as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS) program. The findings are the result of analyses performed by the University of Mi...

Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems Field Operational Test : Final Program Report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-06-01

This document presents results from the light-vehicle and heavy-truck field operational tests performed as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS) program. The findings are the result of analyses performed by the University of Mic...

Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Gels with Propolis (EPP-AF) in Preclinical Treatment of Candidiasis Vulvovaginal Infection

PubMed Central

de Castro, Patrícia Alves; Fortes, Vanessa Silveira; Bom, Vinícius Pedro; Nascimento, Andresa Piacezzi; Marquele-Oliveira, Franciane; Pedrazzi, Vinícius; Ramalho, Leandra Naira Zambelli; Goldman, Gustavo Henrique

2013-01-01

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second cause of vaginal infection in the USA. Clinical treatment of C. albicans infections is routinely performed with polyenes and azole derivatives. However, these drugs are responsible for undesirable side effects and toxicity. In addition, C. albicans azole and echinocandin resistance has been described. Propolis is a bee product traditionally used due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and other properties. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate different propolis presentations in order to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo efficacy. The methodologies involved antifungal evaluation, chemical analysis, and the effects of the rheological and mucoadhesive properties of propolis based gels. The obtained results demonstrated the fungicide action of propolis extracts against all three morphotypes (yeast, pseudohyphae, and hyphae) studied. The highest level of fungal cytotoxicity was reached at 6–8 hours of propolis cell incubation. Among the based gel formulations developed, the rheological and mucoadhesive results suggest that propolis based carbopol (CP1%) and chitosan gels were the most pseudoplastic ones. CP1% was the most mucoadhesive preparation, and all of them presented low thixotropy. Results of in vivo efficacy demonstrated that propolis based gels present antifungal action similar to clotrimazole cream, suggesting that future clinical studies should be performed. PMID:23997797

Radioactive threat detection using scintillant-based detectors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chalmers, Alex

2004-09-01

An update to the performance of AS&E's Radioactive Threat Detection sensor technology. A model is presented detailing the components of the scintillant-based RTD system employed in AS&E products aimed at detecting radiological WMD. An overview of recent improvements in the sensors, electrical subsystems and software algorithms are presented. The resulting improvements in performance are described and sample results shown from existing systems. Advanced and future capabilities are described with an assessment of their feasibility and their application to Homeland Defense.

Evaluation of installed solar systems at Navy, Army, and Air Force Bases. Final report, October 1984-September 1985

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Durlak, E.R.

1986-05-01

This report presents a summary of the results of site-evaluation inspection conducted at Navy, Army, and Air Force base. The solar systems evaluated included space heating, space cooling, and domestic hot water system. The systems range in size from small two-collector systems to large arrays installed on barracks, mess halls, office buildings, etc. These operational results are presented so that future designs will benefit from the lesson learned in this study.

An Edge-Based Method for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations on Polygonal Meshes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wright, Jeffrey A.; Smith, Richard W.

2001-05-01

A pressure-based method is presented for discretizing the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using hybrid unstructured meshes. The edge-based data structure and assembly procedure adopted lead naturally to a strictly conservative discretization, which is valid for meshes composed of n-sided polygons. Particular attention is given to the construction of a pressure-velocity coupling procedure which is supported by edge data, resulting in a relatively simple numerical method that is consistent with the boundary and initial conditions required by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Edge formulas are presented for assembling the momentum equations, which are based on an upwind-biased linear reconstruction of the velocity field. Similar formulas are presented for assembling the pressure equation. The method is demonstrated to be second-order accurate in space and time for two Navier-Stokes problems admitting an exact solution. Results for several other well-known problems are also presented, including lid-driven cavity flow, impulsively started cylinder flow, and unsteady vortex shedding from a circular cylinder. Although the method is by construction minimalist, it is shown to be accurate and robust for the problems considered.

The predictive value of the sacral base pressure test in detecting specific types of sacroiliac dysfunction

PubMed Central

Mitchell, Travis D.; Urli, Kristina E.; Breitenbach, Jacques; Yelverton, Chris

2007-01-01

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the sacral base pressure test in diagnosing sacroiliac joint dysfunction. It also determined the predictive powers of the test in determining which type of sacroiliac joint dysfunction was present. Methods This was a double-blind experimental study with 62 participants. The results from the sacral base pressure test were compared against a cluster of previously validated tests of sacroiliac joint dysfunction to determine its validity and predictive powers. The external rotation of the feet, occurring during the sacral base pressure test, was measured using a digital inclinometer. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the results of the sacral base pressure test between the types of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. In terms of the results of validity, the sacral base pressure test was useful in identifying positive values of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. It was fairly helpful in correctly diagnosing patients with negative test results; however, it had only a “slight” agreement with the diagnosis for κ interpretation. Conclusions In this study, the sacral base pressure test was not a valid test for determining the presence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction or the type of dysfunction present. Further research comparing the agreement of the sacral base pressure test or other sacroiliac joint dysfunction tests with a criterion standard of diagnosis is necessary. PMID:19674694

Thermal-Mechanical Stress Analysis of PWR Pressure Vessel and Nozzles under Grid Load-Following Mode: Interim Report on the Effect of Cyclic Hardening Material Properties and Pre-existing Cracks on Stress Analysis Results

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mohanty, Subhasish; Soppet, William; Majumdar, Saurin

This report provides an update on an assessment of environmentally assisted fatigue for light water reactor components under extended service conditions. This report is a deliverable under the work package for environmentally assisted fatigue as part of DOE’s Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program. In a previous report (September 2015), we presented tensile and fatigue test data and related hardening material properties for 508 low-alloys steel base metal and other reactor metals. In this report, we present thermal-mechanical stress analysis of the reactor pressure vessel and its hot-leg and cold-leg nozzles based on estimated material properties. We also present results frommore » thermal and thermal-mechanical stress analysis under reactor heat-up, cool-down, and grid load-following conditions. Analysis results are given with and without the presence of preexisting cracks in the reactor nozzles (axial or circumferential crack). In addition, results from validation stress analysis based on tensile and fatigue experiments are reported.« less

Trends in Correlation-Based Pattern Recognition and Tracking in Forward-Looking Infrared Imagery

PubMed Central

Alam, Mohammad S.; Bhuiyan, Sharif M. A.

2014-01-01

In this paper, we review the recent trends and advancements on correlation-based pattern recognition and tracking in forward-looking infrared (FLIR) imagery. In particular, we discuss matched filter-based correlation techniques for target detection and tracking which are widely used for various real time applications. We analyze and present test results involving recently reported matched filters such as the maximum average correlation height (MACH) filter and its variants, and distance classifier correlation filter (DCCF) and its variants. Test results are presented for both single/multiple target detection and tracking using various real-life FLIR image sequences. PMID:25061840

Development of paper-based wireless communication modules for point-of-care diagnostic applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, Suzanne; Bezuidenhout, Petroné H.; Land, Kevin; Korvink, Jan G.; Mager, Dario

2016-02-01

We present an ultra-high frequency radio frequency identification based wireless communication set-up for paper-based point-of-care diagnostic applications, based on a sensing radio frequency identification chip. Paper provides a low-cost, disposable platform for ease of fluidic handling without bulky instrumentation, and is thus ideally suited for point-ofcare applications; however, result communication - a crucial aspect for healthcare to be implemented effectively - is still lacking. Printing of radio frequency identification antennas and electronic circuitry for sensing on paper are presented, with read out of the results using a radio frequency identification reader illustrated, demonstrating the feasibility of developing integrated, all-printed solutions for point-of-care diagnosis in resource-limited settings.

Scene-based nonuniformity correction with reduced ghosting using a gated LMS algorithm.

PubMed

Hardie, Russell C; Baxley, Frank; Brys, Brandon; Hytla, Patrick

2009-08-17

In this paper, we present a scene-based nouniformity correction (NUC) method using a modified adaptive least mean square (LMS) algorithm with a novel gating operation on the updates. The gating is designed to significantly reduce ghosting artifacts produced by many scene-based NUC algorithms by halting updates when temporal variation is lacking. We define the algorithm and present a number of experimental results to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method in comparison to several previously published methods including other LMS and constant statistics based methods. The experimental results include simulated imagery and a real infrared image sequence. We show that the proposed method significantly reduces ghosting artifacts, but has a slightly longer convergence time. (c) 2009 Optical Society of America

Optimization and large scale computation of an entropy-based moment closure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kristopher Garrett, C.; Hauck, Cory; Hill, Judith

2015-12-01

We present computational advances and results in the implementation of an entropy-based moment closure, MN, in the context of linear kinetic equations, with an emphasis on heterogeneous and large-scale computing platforms. Entropy-based closures are known in several cases to yield more accurate results than closures based on standard spectral approximations, such as PN, but the computational cost is generally much higher and often prohibitive. Several optimizations are introduced to improve the performance of entropy-based algorithms over previous implementations. These optimizations include the use of GPU acceleration and the exploitation of the mathematical properties of spherical harmonics, which are used as test functions in the moment formulation. To test the emerging high-performance computing paradigm of communication bound simulations, we present timing results at the largest computational scales currently available. These results show, in particular, load balancing issues in scaling the MN algorithm that do not appear for the PN algorithm. We also observe that in weak scaling tests, the ratio in time to solution of MN to PN decreases.

Optimization and large scale computation of an entropy-based moment closure

DOE PAGES

Hauck, Cory D.; Hill, Judith C.; Garrett, C. Kristopher

2015-09-10

We present computational advances and results in the implementation of an entropy-based moment closure, M N, in the context of linear kinetic equations, with an emphasis on heterogeneous and large-scale computing platforms. Entropy-based closures are known in several cases to yield more accurate results than closures based on standard spectral approximations, such as P N, but the computational cost is generally much higher and often prohibitive. Several optimizations are introduced to improve the performance of entropy-based algorithms over previous implementations. These optimizations include the use of GPU acceleration and the exploitation of the mathematical properties of spherical harmonics, which aremore » used as test functions in the moment formulation. To test the emerging high-performance computing paradigm of communication bound simulations, we present timing results at the largest computational scales currently available. Lastly, these results show, in particular, load balancing issues in scaling the M N algorithm that do not appear for the P N algorithm. We also observe that in weak scaling tests, the ratio in time to solution of M N to P N decreases.« less

Convergence properties of simple genetic algorithms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bethke, A. D.; Zeigler, B. P.; Strauss, D. M.

1974-01-01

The essential parameters determining the behaviour of genetic algorithms were investigated. Computer runs were made while systematically varying the parameter values. Results based on the progress curves obtained from these runs are presented along with results based on the variability of the population as the run progresses.

Theory and experimental verifications of the resonator Q and equivalent electrical parameters due to viscoelastic and mounting supports losses.

PubMed

Yong, Yook-Kong; Patel, Mihir S; Tanaka, Masako

2010-08-01

A novel analytical/numerical method for calculating the resonator Q and its equivalent electrical parameters due to viscoelastic, conductivity, and mounting supports losses is presented. The method presented will be quite useful for designing new resonators and reducing the time and costs of prototyping. There was also a necessity for better and more realistic modeling of the resonators because of miniaturization and the rapid advances in the frequency ranges of telecommunication. We present new 3-D finite elements models of quartz resonators with viscoelasticity, conductivity, and mounting support losses. The losses at the mounting supports were modeled by perfectly matched layers (PMLs). A previously published theory for dissipative anisotropic piezoelectric solids was formulated in a weak form for finite element (FE) applications. PMLs were placed at the base of the mounting supports to simulate the energy losses to a semi-infinite base substrate. FE simulations were carried out for free vibrations and forced vibrations of quartz tuning fork and AT-cut resonators. Results for quartz tuning fork and thickness shear AT-cut resonators were presented and compared with experimental data. Results for the resonator Q and the equivalent electrical parameters were compared with their measured values. Good equivalences were found. Results for both low- and high-Q AT-cut quartz resonators compared well with their experimental values. A method for estimating the Q directly from the frequency spectrum obtained for free vibrations was also presented. An important determinant of the quality factor Q of a quartz resonator is the loss of energy from the electrode area to the base via the mountings. The acoustical characteristics of the plate resonator are changed when the plate is mounted onto a base substrate. The base affects the frequency spectra of the plate resonator. A resonator with a high Q may not have a similarly high Q when mounted on a base. Hence, the base is an energy sink and the Q will be affected by the shape and size of this base. A lower-bound Q will be obtained if the base is a semi-infinite base because it will absorb all acoustical energies radiated from the resonator.

Rewarding Progress, Reducing Debt: Early Results from Ohio's Performance-Based Scholarship Demonstration for Low-Income Parents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cha, Paulette; Patel, Reshma

2010-01-01

This report presents early results from a rigorous evaluation of a performance-based scholarship program that was implemented at three community colleges in Ohio during the 2008-2009 academic year. The program in Ohio that is the subject of this report is part of MDRC's national Performance-Based Scholarship (PBS) Demonstration, which was launched…

First results of ground-based LWIR hyperspectral imaging remote gas detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Wei-jian; Lei, Zheng-gang; Yu, Chun-chao; Wang, Hai-yang; Fu, Yan-peng; Liao, Ning-fang; Su, Jun-hong

2014-11-01

The new progress of ground-based long-wave infrared remote sensing is presented. The LWIR hyperspectral imaging by using the windowing spatial and temporal modulation Fourier spectroscopy, and the results of outdoor ether gas detection, verify the features of LWIR hyperspectral imaging remote sensing and technical approach. It provides a new technical means for ground-based gas remote sensing.

Alternative methods of flexible base compaction acceptance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-01

"This report presents the results from the second year of research work investigating issues with flexible base acceptance testing within the Texas Department of Transportation. This second year of work focused on shadow testing non-density-based acc...

Parameters of thermochemical plumes responsible for the formation of batholiths: Results of experimental simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirdyashkin, A. A.; Kirdyashkin, A. G.; Gurov, V. V.

2017-07-01

Based on laboratory and theoretical modeling results, we present the thermal and hydrodynamical structure of the plume conduit during plume ascent and eruption on the Earth's surface. The modeling results show that a mushroom-shaped plume head forms after melt eruption on the surface for 1.9 < Ka < 10. Such plumes can be responsible for the formation of large intrusive bodies, including batholiths. The results of laboratory modeling of plumes with mushroom-shaped heads are presented for Ka = 8.7 for a constant viscosity and uniform melt composition. Images of flow patterns are obtained, as well as flow velocity profiles in the melt of the conduit and the head of the model plume. Based on the laboratory modeling data, we present a scheme of a thermochemical plume with a mushroom-shaped head responsible for the formation of a large intrusive body (batholith). After plume eruption to the surface, melting occurs along the base of the massif above the plume head, resulting in a mushroom-shaped plume head. A possible mechanism for the formation of localized surface manifestations of batholiths is presented. The parameters of some plumes with mushroom-shaped heads (plumes of the Altay-Sayan and Barguzin-Vitim large-igneous provinces, and Khangai and Khentei plumes) are estimated using geological data, including age intervals and volumes of magma melts.

An experimental investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of slanted base ogive cylinders using magnetic suspension technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alcorn, Charles W.; Britcher, Colin

1988-01-01

An experimental investigation is reported on slanted base ogive cylinders at zero incidence. The Mach number range is 0.05 to 0.3. All flow disturbances associated with wind tunnel supports are eliminated in this investigation by magnetically suspending the wind tunnel models. The sudden and drastic changes in the lift, pitching moment, and drag for a slight change in base slant angle are reported. Flow visualization with liquid crystals and oil is used to observe base flow patterns, which are responsible for the sudden changes in aerodynamic characteristics. Hysteretic effects in base flow pattern changes are present in this investigation and are reported. The effect of a wire support attachment on the 0 deg slanted base model is studied. Computational drag and transition location results using VSAERO and SANDRAG are presented and compared with experimental results. Base pressure measurements over the slanted bases are made with an onboard pressure transducer using remote data telemetry.

The Problematic Promotion of Abstinence: An Overview of Sex Respect.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodson, Patricia; Edmundson, Elizabeth

1994-01-01

Presents the results of a content evaluation of the abstinence-based sexuality education curriculum, "Sex Respect," focusing on the curriculum's message and presentation. Results indicate Sex Respect omits basic content and includes misinformation, especially in the areas of human sexual response and reproductive health, and needs revision.…

Preliminary comparative assessment of PM10 hourly measurement results from new monitoring stations type using stochastic and exploratory methodology and models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Czechowski, Piotr Oskar; Owczarek, Tomasz; Badyda, Artur; Majewski, Grzegorz; Rogulski, Mariusz; Ogrodnik, Paweł

2018-01-01

The paper presents selected preliminary stage key issues proposed extended equivalence measurement results assessment for new portable devices - the comparability PM10 concentration results hourly series with reference station measurement results with statistical methods. In article presented new portable meters technical aspects. The emphasis was placed on the comparability the results using the stochastic and exploratory methods methodology concept. The concept is based on notice that results series simple comparability in the time domain is insufficient. The comparison of regularity should be done in three complementary fields of statistical modeling: time, frequency and space. The proposal is based on model's results of five annual series measurement results new mobile devices and WIOS (Provincial Environmental Protection Inspectorate) reference station located in Nowy Sacz city. The obtained results indicate both the comparison methodology completeness and the high correspondence obtained new measurements results devices with reference.

Simultaneous Excitation of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output CFD-Based Unsteady Aerodynamic Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Silva, Walter A.

2008-01-01

A significant improvement to the development of CFD-based unsteady aerodynamic reduced-order models (ROMs) is presented. This improvement involves the simultaneous excitation of the structural modes of the CFD-based unsteady aerodynamic system that enables the computation of the unsteady aerodynamic state-space model using a single CFD execution, independent of the number of structural modes. Four different types of inputs are presented that can be used for the simultaneous excitation of the structural modes. Results are presented for a flexible, supersonic semi-span configuration using the CFL3Dv6.4 code.

Simultaneous Excitation of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output CFD-Based Unsteady Aerodynamic Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Silva, Walter A.

2007-01-01

A significant improvement to the development of CFD-based unsteady aerodynamic reduced-order models (ROMs) is presented. This improvement involves the simultaneous excitation of the structural modes of the CFD-based unsteady aerodynamic system that enables the computation of the unsteady aerodynamic state-space model using a single CFD execution, independent of the number of structural modes. Four different types of inputs are presented that can be used for the simultaneous excitation of the structural modes. Results are presented for a flexible, supersonic semi-span configuration using the CFL3Dv6.4 code.

Molecular imaging in neuroendocrine tumors: molecular uptake mechanisms and clinical results.

PubMed

Koopmans, Klaas P; Neels, Oliver N; Kema, Ido P; Elsinga, Philip H; Links, Thera P; de Vries, Elisabeth G E; Jager, Pieter L

2009-09-01

Neuroendocrine tumors can originate almost everywhere in the body and consist of a great variety of subtypes. This paper focuses on molecular imaging methods using nuclear medicine techniques in neuroendocrine tumors, coupling molecular uptake mechanisms of radiotracers with clinical results. A non-systematic review is presented on receptor based and metabolic imaging methods. Receptor-based imaging covers the molecular backgrounds of somatostatin, vaso-intestinal peptide (VIP), bombesin and cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors and their link with nuclear imaging. Imaging methods based on specific metabolic properties include meta-iodo-benzylguanide (MIBG) and dimercapto-sulphuric acid (DMSA-V) scintigraphy as well as more modern positron emission tomography (PET)-based methods using radio-labeled analogues of amino acids, glucose, dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), dopamine and tryptophan. Diagnostic sensitivities are presented for each imaging method and for each neuroendocrine tumor subtype. Finally, a Forest plot analysis of diagnostic performance is presented for each tumor type in order to provide a comprehensive overview for clinical use.

Presentation Attack Detection for Iris Recognition System Using NIR Camera Sensor

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Dat Tien; Baek, Na Rae; Pham, Tuyen Danh; Park, Kang Ryoung

2018-01-01

Among biometric recognition systems such as fingerprint, finger-vein, or face, the iris recognition system has proven to be effective for achieving a high recognition accuracy and security level. However, several recent studies have indicated that an iris recognition system can be fooled by using presentation attack images that are recaptured using high-quality printed images or by contact lenses with printed iris patterns. As a result, this potential threat can reduce the security level of an iris recognition system. In this study, we propose a new presentation attack detection (PAD) method for an iris recognition system (iPAD) using a near infrared light (NIR) camera image. To detect presentation attack images, we first localized the iris region of the input iris image using circular edge detection (CED). Based on the result of iris localization, we extracted the image features using deep learning-based and handcrafted-based methods. The input iris images were then classified into real and presentation attack categories using support vector machines (SVM). Through extensive experiments with two public datasets, we show that our proposed method effectively solves the iris recognition presentation attack detection problem and produces detection accuracy superior to previous studies. PMID:29695113

Presentation Attack Detection for Iris Recognition System Using NIR Camera Sensor.

PubMed

Nguyen, Dat Tien; Baek, Na Rae; Pham, Tuyen Danh; Park, Kang Ryoung

2018-04-24

Among biometric recognition systems such as fingerprint, finger-vein, or face, the iris recognition system has proven to be effective for achieving a high recognition accuracy and security level. However, several recent studies have indicated that an iris recognition system can be fooled by using presentation attack images that are recaptured using high-quality printed images or by contact lenses with printed iris patterns. As a result, this potential threat can reduce the security level of an iris recognition system. In this study, we propose a new presentation attack detection (PAD) method for an iris recognition system (iPAD) using a near infrared light (NIR) camera image. To detect presentation attack images, we first localized the iris region of the input iris image using circular edge detection (CED). Based on the result of iris localization, we extracted the image features using deep learning-based and handcrafted-based methods. The input iris images were then classified into real and presentation attack categories using support vector machines (SVM). Through extensive experiments with two public datasets, we show that our proposed method effectively solves the iris recognition presentation attack detection problem and produces detection accuracy superior to previous studies.

Spoof Detection for Finger-Vein Recognition System Using NIR Camera.

PubMed

Nguyen, Dat Tien; Yoon, Hyo Sik; Pham, Tuyen Danh; Park, Kang Ryoung

2017-10-01

Finger-vein recognition, a new and advanced biometrics recognition method, is attracting the attention of researchers because of its advantages such as high recognition performance and lesser likelihood of theft and inaccuracies occurring on account of skin condition defects. However, as reported by previous researchers, it is possible to attack a finger-vein recognition system by using presentation attack (fake) finger-vein images. As a result, spoof detection, named as presentation attack detection (PAD), is necessary in such recognition systems. Previous attempts to establish PAD methods primarily focused on designing feature extractors by hand (handcrafted feature extractor) based on the observations of the researchers about the difference between real (live) and presentation attack finger-vein images. Therefore, the detection performance was limited. Recently, the deep learning framework has been successfully applied in computer vision and delivered superior results compared to traditional handcrafted methods on various computer vision applications such as image-based face recognition, gender recognition and image classification. In this paper, we propose a PAD method for near-infrared (NIR) camera-based finger-vein recognition system using convolutional neural network (CNN) to enhance the detection ability of previous handcrafted methods. Using the CNN method, we can derive a more suitable feature extractor for PAD than the other handcrafted methods using a training procedure. We further process the extracted image features to enhance the presentation attack finger-vein image detection ability of the CNN method using principal component analysis method (PCA) for dimensionality reduction of feature space and support vector machine (SVM) for classification. Through extensive experimental results, we confirm that our proposed method is adequate for presentation attack finger-vein image detection and it can deliver superior detection results compared to CNN-based methods and other previous handcrafted methods.

Spoof Detection for Finger-Vein Recognition System Using NIR Camera

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Dat Tien; Yoon, Hyo Sik; Pham, Tuyen Danh; Park, Kang Ryoung

2017-01-01

Finger-vein recognition, a new and advanced biometrics recognition method, is attracting the attention of researchers because of its advantages such as high recognition performance and lesser likelihood of theft and inaccuracies occurring on account of skin condition defects. However, as reported by previous researchers, it is possible to attack a finger-vein recognition system by using presentation attack (fake) finger-vein images. As a result, spoof detection, named as presentation attack detection (PAD), is necessary in such recognition systems. Previous attempts to establish PAD methods primarily focused on designing feature extractors by hand (handcrafted feature extractor) based on the observations of the researchers about the difference between real (live) and presentation attack finger-vein images. Therefore, the detection performance was limited. Recently, the deep learning framework has been successfully applied in computer vision and delivered superior results compared to traditional handcrafted methods on various computer vision applications such as image-based face recognition, gender recognition and image classification. In this paper, we propose a PAD method for near-infrared (NIR) camera-based finger-vein recognition system using convolutional neural network (CNN) to enhance the detection ability of previous handcrafted methods. Using the CNN method, we can derive a more suitable feature extractor for PAD than the other handcrafted methods using a training procedure. We further process the extracted image features to enhance the presentation attack finger-vein image detection ability of the CNN method using principal component analysis method (PCA) for dimensionality reduction of feature space and support vector machine (SVM) for classification. Through extensive experimental results, we confirm that our proposed method is adequate for presentation attack finger-vein image detection and it can deliver superior detection results compared to CNN-based methods and other previous handcrafted methods. PMID:28974031

Aerometrics' laser-based lane-tracker sensor: engineering and on-the-road evaluation of advanced prototypes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schuler, Carlos A.; Tapos, Francis M.; Alayleh, Mehyeddine M.; Bachalo, William D.

1997-02-01

Aerometrics initiated and continues on the development an innovative laser-diode based device that provides a warning signal when a motor-vehicle deviates from the center of the lane. The device is based on a sensor that scans the roadway on either side of the vehicle and determines the lateral position relative to the existing painted lines marking the lane. The principles of operation of the sensor, and the results of Aerometrics' early testing were presented last year in this forum. This paper presents Aerometrics' continuing efforts in bringing the technology to market. New prototypes have been developed and tested. Aerometrics' engineering efforts and the use of latest technologies have resulted in a 24-fold reduction in sensor volume when compared to their predecessors and similar reductions in weight. The current prototype measures less than 9 cm X 8 cm X 7 cm, and can be easily fit within the cavity of rear-view mirror holders used in most present-day vehicles. Also, advances in signal conditioning and processing have improved the reliability of the sensor. Results of continuing testing of the sensor will be presented.

Evolvable social agents for bacterial systems modeling.

PubMed

Paton, Ray; Gregory, Richard; Vlachos, Costas; Saunders, Jon; Wu, Henry

2004-09-01

We present two approaches to the individual-based modeling (IbM) of bacterial ecologies and evolution using computational tools. The IbM approach is introduced, and its important complementary role to biosystems modeling is discussed. A fine-grained model of bacterial evolution is then presented that is based on networks of interactivity between computational objects representing genes and proteins. This is followed by a coarser grained agent-based model, which is designed to explore the evolvability of adaptive behavioral strategies in artificial bacteria represented by learning classifier systems. The structure and implementation of the two proposed individual-based bacterial models are discussed, and some results from simulation experiments are presented, illustrating their adaptive properties.

Modeling noisy resonant system response

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Weber, Patrick Thomas; Walrath, David Edwin

2017-02-01

In this paper, a theory-based model replicating empirical acoustic resonant signals is presented and studied to understand sources of noise present in acoustic signals. Statistical properties of empirical signals are quantified and a noise amplitude parameter, which models frequency and amplitude-based noise, is created, defined, and presented. This theory-driven model isolates each phenomenon and allows for parameters to be independently studied. Using seven independent degrees of freedom, this model will accurately reproduce qualitative and quantitative properties measured from laboratory data. Results are presented and demonstrate success in replicating qualitative and quantitative properties of experimental data.

A Corpus-Based Assessment of French CEFR Lexical Content

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kusseling, Françoise; Lonsdale, Deryle

2013-01-01

The French CEFR vocabulary profiles as presented in the "Référentiels"--while a valuable resource for a wide range of applications focused on lexical content--result from introspection, intuition-based judgements, and unquantifiable experience. The result is a specification of vocabulary that has been largely untested from a…

Integration Policies in Europe--A Web-Based Search for Consensus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Öttl, Ulrich Franz Josef; Pichler, Bernhard; Schultze-Naumburg, Jonas; Wadispointner, Sabine

2014-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of the present paper is to describe a web-based consensus-finding procedure, resulting in an agreement among the group of participants representing global stakeholders regarding the interdisciplinary topic in a university master's seminar on "Global Studies". The result of the collectively elaborated solution…

DEPENDENCE OF NITRIC OXIDE EMISSIONS ON VEHICLE LOAD: RESULTS FROM THE GTRP INSTRUMENTED VEHICLE PROGRAM

EPA Science Inventory

The presentation discussed the dependence of nitric oxide (NO) emissions on vehicle load, bases on results from an instrumented-vehicle program. The accuracy and feasibility of modal emissions models depend on algorithms to allocate vehicle emissions based on a vehicle operation...

Systematic Method for Establishing Officer Grade Requirements Based Upon Job Demands.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christal, Raymond E.

This report presents interim results of a study developing a methodology for management engineering teams to determine the appropriate grade requirements for officer positions based on job content and responsibilities. The technology reported represents a modification and extension of methods developed between 1963 and 1966. Results indicated that…

Prediction of Asbestos Exposure Resulting From Asbestos Aerosolization Determined Using the Releasable Asbestos Field Sampler (RAFS)

EPA Science Inventory

Activity-based sampling (ABS) used to evaluate breathing zone exposure to a contaminant present in soil resulting from various activities, involves breathing zone sampling for contaminants while that activity is performed. A probabilistic model based upon aerosol physics and flui...

Post-buckling of a pressured biopolymer spherical shell with the mode interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Lei; Ru, C. Q.

2018-03-01

Imperfection sensitivity is essential for mechanical behaviour of biopolymer shells characterized by high geometric heterogeneity. The present work studies initial post-buckling and imperfection sensitivity of a pressured biopolymer spherical shell based on non-axisymmetric buckling modes and associated mode interaction. Our results indicate that for biopolymer spherical shells with moderate radius-to-thickness ratio (say, less than 30) and smaller effective bending thickness (say, less than 0.2 times average shell thickness), the imperfection sensitivity predicted based on the axisymmetric mode without the mode interaction is close to the present results based on non-axisymmetric modes with the mode interaction with a small (typically, less than 10%) relative errors. However, for biopolymer spherical shells with larger effective bending thickness, the maximum load an imperfect shell can sustain predicted by the present non-axisymmetric analysis can be significantly (typically, around 30%) lower than those predicted based on the axisymmetric mode without the mode interaction. In such cases, a more accurate non-axisymmetric analysis with the mode interaction, as given in the present work, is required for imperfection sensitivity of pressured buckling of biopolymer spherical shells. Finally, the implications of the present study to two specific types of biopolymer spherical shells (viral capsids and ultrasound contrast agents) are discussed.

Graph-based normalization and whitening for non-linear data analysis.

PubMed

Aaron, Catherine

2006-01-01

In this paper we construct a graph-based normalization algorithm for non-linear data analysis. The principle of this algorithm is to get a spherical average neighborhood with unit radius. First we present a class of global dispersion measures used for "global normalization"; we then adapt these measures using a weighted graph to build a local normalization called "graph-based" normalization. Then we give details of the graph-based normalization algorithm and illustrate some results. In the second part we present a graph-based whitening algorithm built by analogy between the "global" and the "local" problem.

High-temperature optical fiber sensors for characterization of advanced composite aerospace materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wavering, Thomas A.; Greene, Jonathan A.; Meller, Scott A.; Bailey, Timothy A.; Kozikowski, Carrie L.; Lenahan, Shannon M.; Murphy, Kent A.; Camden, Michael P.; Simmons, Larry W.

1999-01-01

Optical fiber sensors have numerous advantages over conventional sensing technologies. One such advantage is that optical fiber sensors can operate in high temperature environments. While most conventional electrical-based sensors do not operate reliably over 300 degrees C, fused silica based optical fiber sensors can survive up to 900 degrees C, and sapphire based optical fiber sensors can survive up to 2000 degrees C. Using both fused silica and sapphire technologies, we present result for high temperature strain, pressure, and temperature sensors using Extrinsic Fabry-Perot INterferometric-based and Bragg grating sensors. High temperature strain and temperature sensors were used to conduct fatigue testing of composite coupons at 600 degrees C. The results from these specific high temperature applications are presented along with future applications and directions for these sensors.

Multiple cueing dissociates location- and feature-based repetition effects

PubMed Central

Hu, Kesong; Zhan, Junya; Li, Bingzhao; He, Shuchang; Samuel, Arthur G.

2014-01-01

There is an extensive literature on the phenomenon of inhibition of return (IOR): When attention is drawn to a peripheral location and then removed, response time is delayed if a target appears in the previously inspected location. Recent research suggests that non-spatial attribute repetition (i.e., if a target shares a feature like color with the earlier, cueing, stimulus) can have a similar inhibitory effect, at least when the target appears in the previously cued location. What remains unknown is whether location- and feature-based inhibitory effects can be dissociated. In the present study, we used a multiple cueing approach to investigate the properties of location- and feature-based repetition effects. In two experiments (detection, and discrimination), location-based IOR was absent but feature-based inhibition was consistently observed. Thus, the present results indicate that feature- and location-based inhibitory effects are dissociable. The results also provide support for the view that the attentional consequences of multiple cues reflect the overall center of gravity of the cues. We suggest that the repetition costs associated with feature and location repetition may be best understood as a consequence of the pattern of activation for object files associated with the stimuli present in the displays. PMID:24907677

Micromechanical modeling of rate-dependent behavior of Connective tissues.

PubMed

Fallah, A; Ahmadian, M T; Firozbakhsh, K; Aghdam, M M

2017-03-07

In this paper, a constitutive and micromechanical model for prediction of rate-dependent behavior of connective tissues (CTs) is presented. Connective tissues are considered as nonlinear viscoelastic material. The rate-dependent behavior of CTs is incorporated into model using the well-known quasi-linear viscoelasticity (QLV) theory. A planar wavy representative volume element (RVE) is considered based on the tissue microstructure histological evidences. The presented model parameters are identified based on the available experiments in the literature. The presented constitutive model introduced to ABAQUS by means of UMAT subroutine. Results show that, monotonic uniaxial test predictions of the presented model at different strain rates for rat tail tendon (RTT) and human patellar tendon (HPT) are in good agreement with experimental data. Results of incremental stress-relaxation test are also presented to investigate both instantaneous and viscoelastic behavior of connective tissues. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Advanced Image Processing for Defect Visualization in Infrared Thermography

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Plotnikov, Yuri A.; Winfree, William P.

1997-01-01

Results of a defect visualization process based on pulse infrared thermography are presented. Algorithms have been developed to reduce the amount of operator participation required in the process of interpreting thermographic images. The algorithms determine the defect's depth and size from the temporal and spatial thermal distributions that exist on the surface of the investigated object following thermal excitation. A comparison of the results from thermal contrast, time derivative, and phase analysis methods for defect visualization are presented. These comparisons are based on three dimensional simulations of a test case representing a plate with multiple delaminations. Comparisons are also based on experimental data obtained from a specimen with flat bottom holes and a composite panel with delaminations.

Riometer based Neural Network Prediction of Kp

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arnason, K. M.; Spanswick, E.; Chaddock, D.; Tabrizi, A. F.; Behjat, L.

2017-12-01

The Canadian Geospace Observatory Riometer Array is a network of 11 wide-beam riometers deployed across Central and Northern Canada. The geographic coverage of the network affords a near continent scale view of high energy (>30keV) electron precipitation at a very course spatial resolution. In this paper we present the first results from a neural network based analysis of riometer data. Trained on decades of riometer data, the neural network is tuned to predict a simple index of global geomagnetic activity (Kp) based solely on the information provided by the high energy electron precipitation over Canada. We present results from various configurations of training and discuss the applicability of this technique for short term prediction of geomagnetic activity.

Design and evaluation of an onboard computer-based information system for aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rouse, S. H.; Rouse, W. B.; Hammer, J. M.

1982-01-01

Information seeking by human operators of technical systems is considered. Types of information and forms of presentation are discussed and important issues reviewed. This broad discussion provides a framework within which flight management is considered. The design of an onboard computer-based information system for aircraft is discussed. The aiding possibilities of a computer-based system are emphasized. Results of an experimental evaluation of a prototype system are presented. It is concluded that a computer-based information system can substantially lessen the frequency of human errors.

Validation of a Glucocorticoid Receptor Effects-Based Environmental Sample Screening Tool

EPA Science Inventory

Abstract describing study and results that will be presented in a seminar presentation to members of UNC-Chapel Hill Curriculum in Toxicology. This seminar presentation will be fulfilling the requirements of the USEPA-UNC Toxicology Cooperative Postdoctoral Training program.

Model Based Inference for Wire Chafe Diagnostics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schuet, Stefan R.; Wheeler, Kevin R.; Timucin, Dogan A.; Wysocki, Philip F.; Kowalski, Marc Edward

2009-01-01

Presentation for Aging Aircraft conference covering chafing fault diagnostics using Time Domain Reflectometry. Laboratory setup and experimental methods are presented, along with initial results that summarize fault modeling and detection capabilities.

Mod-2 wind turbine project assessment and cluster test plans

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gordon, L. H.

1982-01-01

An assessment of the Mod-2 Wind Turbine project is presented based on initial goals and present results. Specifically, the Mod-2 background, project flow, and a chronology of events/results leading to Mod-2 acceptance is presented. After checkout/acceptance of the three operating turbines, NASA/LeRC will continue management of a two year test program performed at the DOE Goodnoe Hills test site. This test program is expected to yield data necessary for the continued development and optimization of wind energy systems. These test activities, the implementation of, and the results to date are also presented.

Guidelines for Developing Competency-Based Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodson, Ludy

1979-01-01

Presents guidelines for the development of competency-based curriculum formulated as a result of an automotive mechanics curriculum workshop. Listed are specific guidelines for content development, writing style, and illustration. (LRA)

A 0.18 μm biosensor front-end based on 1/f noise, distortion cancelation and chopper stabilization techniques.

PubMed

Balasubramanian, Viswanathan; Ruedi, Pierre-Francois; Temiz, Yuksel; Ferretti, Anna; Guiducci, Carlotta; Enz

2013-10-01

This paper presents a novel sensor front-end circuit that addresses the issues of 1/f noise and distortion in a unique way by using canceling techniques. The proposed front-end is a fully differential transimpedance amplifier (TIA) targeted for current mode electrochemical biosensing applications. In this paper, we discuss the architecture of this canceling based front-end and the optimization methods followed for achieving low noise, low distortion performance at minimum current consumption are presented. To validate the employed canceling based front-end, it has been realized in a 0.18 μm CMOS process and the characterization results are presented. The front-end has also been tested as part of a complete wireless sensing system and the cyclic voltammetry (CV) test results from electrochemical sensors are provided. Overall current consumption in the front-end is 50 μA while operating on a 1.8 V supply.

An unsupervised method for estimating the global horizontal irradiance from photovoltaic power measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nespoli, Lorenzo; Medici, Vasco

2017-12-01

In this paper, we present a method to determine the global horizontal irradiance (GHI) from the power measurements of one or more PV systems, located in the same neighborhood. The method is completely unsupervised and is based on a physical model of a PV plant. The precise assessment of solar irradiance is pivotal for the forecast of the electric power generated by photovoltaic (PV) plants. However, on-ground measurements are expensive and are generally not performed for small and medium-sized PV plants. Satellite-based services represent a valid alternative to on site measurements, but their space-time resolution is limited. Results from two case studies located in Switzerland are presented. The performance of the proposed method at assessing GHI is compared with that of free and commercial satellite services. Our results show that the presented method is generally better than satellite-based services, especially at high temporal resolutions.

Shell Buckling Design Criteria Based on Manufacturing Imperfection Signatures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hilburger, Mark W.; Nemeth, Michael P.; Starnes, James H., Jr.

2004-01-01

An analysis-based approach .for developing shell-buckling design criteria for laminated-composite cylindrical shells that accurately accounts for the effects of initial geometric imperfections is presented. With this approach, measured initial geometric imperfection data from six graphite-epoxy shells are used to determine a manufacturing-process-specific imperfection signature for these shells. This imperfection signature is then used as input into nonlinear finite-element analyses. The imperfection signature represents a "first-approximation" mean imperfection shape that is suitable for developing preliminary-design data. Comparisons of test data and analytical results obtained by using several different imperfection shapes are presented for selected shells. Overall, the results indicate that the analysis-based approach presented for developing reliable preliminary-design criteria has the potential to provide improved, less conservative buckling-load estimates, and to reduce the weight and cost of developing buckling-resistant shell structures.

NEUTRINOS OSCILLATIONS WITH LONG-BASE-LINE BEAMS:. Past, Present and very near Future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stanco, L.

2011-03-01

We overview the status of the studies on neutrino oscillations with accelerators at the present running experiments. Past and present results enlighten the path towards the observation of massive neutrinos and the settling of their oscillations. The very near future may still have addiction from the outcome of the on-going experiments. OPERA is chosen as a relevant example justified by the very recent results released.

Journal Quality in Mathematics Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Steven R.; Leatham, Keith R.

2017-01-01

We present the results of 2 studies, a citation-based study and an opinion-based study, that ranked the relative quality of 20 English-language journals that exclusively or extensively publish mathematics education research. We further disaggregate the opinion-based data to provide insights into variations in judgment of journal quality based on…

The 1980 Large space systems technology. Volume 2: Base technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kopriver, F., III (Compiler)

1981-01-01

Technology pertinent to large antenna systems, technology related to large space platform systems, and base technology applicable to both antenna and platform systems are discussed. Design studies, structural testing results, and theoretical applications are presented with accompanying validation data. A total systems approach including controls, platforms, and antennas is presented as a cohesive, programmatic plan for large space systems.

Protection of autonomous microgrids using agent-based distributed communication

DOE PAGES

Cintuglu, Mehmet H.; Ma, Tan; Mohammed, Osama A.

2016-04-06

This study presents a real-time implementation of autonomous microgrid protection using agent-based distributed communication. Protection of an autonomous microgrid requires special considerations compared to large scale distribution net-works due to the presence of power converters and relatively low inertia. In this work, we introduce a practical overcurrent and a frequency selectivity method to overcome conventional limitations. The proposed overcurrent scheme defines a selectivity mechanism considering the remedial action scheme (RAS) of the microgrid after a fault instant based on feeder characteristics and the location of the intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). A synchrophasor-based online frequency selectivity approach is proposed to avoidmore » pulse loading effects in low inertia microgrids. Experimental results are presented for verification of the pro-posed schemes using a laboratory based microgrid. The setup was composed of actual generation units and IEDs using IEC 61850 protocol. The experimental results were in excellent agreement with the proposed protection scheme.« less

Protection of autonomous microgrids using agent-based distributed communication

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cintuglu, Mehmet H.; Ma, Tan; Mohammed, Osama A.

This study presents a real-time implementation of autonomous microgrid protection using agent-based distributed communication. Protection of an autonomous microgrid requires special considerations compared to large scale distribution net-works due to the presence of power converters and relatively low inertia. In this work, we introduce a practical overcurrent and a frequency selectivity method to overcome conventional limitations. The proposed overcurrent scheme defines a selectivity mechanism considering the remedial action scheme (RAS) of the microgrid after a fault instant based on feeder characteristics and the location of the intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). A synchrophasor-based online frequency selectivity approach is proposed to avoidmore » pulse loading effects in low inertia microgrids. Experimental results are presented for verification of the pro-posed schemes using a laboratory based microgrid. The setup was composed of actual generation units and IEDs using IEC 61850 protocol. The experimental results were in excellent agreement with the proposed protection scheme.« less

Relativity Based on Physical Processes Rather Than Space-Time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giese, Albrecht

2013-09-01

Physicists' understanding of relativity and the way it is handled is at present dominated by the interpretation of Albert Einstein, who related relativity to specific properties of space and time. The principal alternative to Einstein's interpretation is based on a concept proposed by Hendrik A. Lorentz, which uses knowledge of classical physics to explain relativistic phenomena. In this paper, we will show that on the one hand the Lorentz-based interpretation provides a simpler mathematical way of arriving at the known results for both Special and General Relativity. On the other hand, it is able to solve problems which have remained open to this day. Furthermore, a particle model will be presented, based on Lorentzian relativity, which explains the origin of mass without the use of the Higgs mechanism, based on the finiteness of the speed of light, and which provides the classical results for particle properties that are currently only accessible through quantum mechanics.

Towards social autonomous vehicles: Efficient collision avoidance scheme using Richardson's arms race model.

PubMed

Riaz, Faisal; Niazi, Muaz A

2017-01-01

This paper presents the concept of a social autonomous agent to conceptualize such Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), which interacts with other AVs using social manners similar to human behavior. The presented AVs also have the capability of predicting intentions, i.e. mentalizing and copying the actions of each other, i.e. mirroring. Exploratory Agent Based Modeling (EABM) level of the Cognitive Agent Based Computing (CABC) framework has been utilized to design the proposed social agent. Furthermore, to emulate the functionality of mentalizing and mirroring modules of proposed social agent, a tailored mathematical model of the Richardson's arms race model has also been presented. The performance of the proposed social agent has been validated at two levels-firstly it has been simulated using NetLogo, a standard agent-based modeling tool and also, at a practical level using a prototype AV. The simulation results have confirmed that the proposed social agent-based collision avoidance strategy is 78.52% more efficient than Random walk based collision avoidance strategy in congested flock-like topologies. Whereas practical results have confirmed that the proposed scheme can avoid rear end and lateral collisions with the efficiency of 99.876% as compared with the IEEE 802.11n-based existing state of the art mirroring neuron-based collision avoidance scheme.

Towards social autonomous vehicles: Efficient collision avoidance scheme using Richardson’s arms race model

PubMed Central

Niazi, Muaz A.

2017-01-01

This paper presents the concept of a social autonomous agent to conceptualize such Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), which interacts with other AVs using social manners similar to human behavior. The presented AVs also have the capability of predicting intentions, i.e. mentalizing and copying the actions of each other, i.e. mirroring. Exploratory Agent Based Modeling (EABM) level of the Cognitive Agent Based Computing (CABC) framework has been utilized to design the proposed social agent. Furthermore, to emulate the functionality of mentalizing and mirroring modules of proposed social agent, a tailored mathematical model of the Richardson’s arms race model has also been presented. The performance of the proposed social agent has been validated at two levels–firstly it has been simulated using NetLogo, a standard agent-based modeling tool and also, at a practical level using a prototype AV. The simulation results have confirmed that the proposed social agent-based collision avoidance strategy is 78.52% more efficient than Random walk based collision avoidance strategy in congested flock-like topologies. Whereas practical results have confirmed that the proposed scheme can avoid rear end and lateral collisions with the efficiency of 99.876% as compared with the IEEE 802.11n-based existing state of the art mirroring neuron-based collision avoidance scheme. PMID:29040294

Visualizing a High Recall Search Strategy Output for Undergraduates in an Exploration Stage of Researching a Term Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Charles; Mandelblatt, Bertie; Stevenson, John

2002-01-01

Discusses high recall search strategies for undergraduates and how to overcome information overload that results. Highlights include word-based versus visual-based schemes; five summarization and visualization schemes for presenting information retrieval citation output; and results of a study that recommend visualization schemes geared toward…

Enhancement of surface durability of space materials and structures in LEO environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gudimenko, Y.; Ng, R.; Kleiman, J. I.; Iskanderova, Z. A.; Tennyson, R. C.; Hughes, P. C.; Milligan, D.; Grigorevski, A.; Shuiski, M.; Kiseleva, L.; Edwards, D.; Finckenor, M.

2003-09-01

Results of on-going program that involves surface modification treatments of thin polymer films and various organic-based thermal control coatings by an innovative Photosil surface modification technology for space durability improvement are presented, as well as results of ground-based testing in an oxygen plasma asher and in fast atomic oxygen (FAO) beam facility. In addition, independent ground-based FAO + VUV test results from NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) are also presented. Recent results are presented to further improve the AO durability of conductive thermal control paints, never previously treated by the Photosil process. The thermal control coatings evaluated in this program represent existing commercially available space-approved materials and experimental coatings, which are still under development. Functional properties and performance characteristics, such as AO stability, thermal optical properties, surface resistivity, and outgassing characteristics of pristine and treated materials were also verified. FAO+VUV exposure tests results revealed that some of the successfully treated materials did not show any mass loss or surface morphology change, thus indicating good protection from the severe oxidative environment. A few complementary surface analysis techniques, such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) have been used to examine the composition and structure of the protective surface-modified layer.

The Effectiveness of Digital Game-Based Vocabulary Learning: A Framework-Based View of Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Meng-Hua; Tseng, Wen-Ta; Hsiao, Tsung-Yuan

2018-01-01

This study presents the results of a meta-analytic study about the effects of digital game-based learning (DGBL) on vocabulary. The results of the study showed that the effects of DGBL on vocabulary learning may vary with game design features (Q = 5.857, df = 1, p = 0.016), but not with learners' age (Q = 0.906, df = 1, p = 0.341) or linguistic…

Radiation effects on space-based stellar photometry: theoretical models and empirical results for CoRoT Space Telescope

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinheiro da Silva, L.; Rolland, G.; Lapeyrere, V.; Auvergne, M.

2008-03-01

Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) is a space mission dedicated to stellar seismology and the search for extrasolar planets. Both scientific programs are based on very high precision photometry and require long, uninterrupted observations. The instrument is based on an afocal telescope and a wide-field camera, consisting of four E2V-4280 CCD devices. This set is mounted on a recurrent platform for insertion in low Earth orbit. The CoRoT satellite has been recently launched for a nominal mission duration of three years. In this work, we discuss the impact of space radiation on CoRoT CCDs, in sight of the in-flight characterization results obtained during the satellite's commissioning phase, as well as the very first observational data. We start by describing the population of trapped particles at the satellite altitude, and by presenting a theoretical prediction for the incoming radiation fluxes seen by the CCDs behind shielding. Empirical results regarding particle impact rates and their geographical distribution are then presented and discussed. The effect of particle impacts is also statistically characterized, with respect to the ionizing energy imparted to the CCDs and the size of impact trails. Based on these results, we discuss the effects of space radiation on precise and time-resolved stellar photometry from space. Finally, we present preliminary results concerning permanent radiation damage on CoRoT CCDs, as extrapolated from the data available at the beginning of the satellite's lifetime.

Design, synthesis, and in vitro transfection biology of novel tocopherol based monocationic lipids: a structure-activity investigation.

PubMed

Kedika, Bhavani; Patri, Srilakshmi V

2011-01-27

Herein, we report on the design, synthesis, and in vitro gene delivery efficacies of five novel tocopherol based cationic lipids (1-5) in transfecting CHO, B16F10, A-549, and HepG2 cells. The in vitro gene transfer efficiencies of lipids (1-5) were evaluated by both β-galactosidase reporter gene expression and inverted fluorescent microscopic experiments. The results of the present structure-activity investigation convincingly demonstrate that the tocopherol based lipid with three hydroxyl groups in its headgroup region showed 4-fold better transfection efficiency than the commercial formulation. The results also demonstrate that these tocopherol based lipids may be targeted to liver. Transfection efficiency of all the relevant lipids was maintained even when the serum was present during the transfection conditions. The results indicated that the designed systems are quite capable of transferring the DNA into all four types of cells studied with low or no toxicity.

Effects of a Proline Endopeptidase on the Detection and Quantitation of Gluten by Antibody-Based Methods during the Fermentation of a Model Sorghum Beer.

PubMed

Panda, Rakhi; Fiedler, Katherine L; Cho, Chung Y; Cheng, Raymond; Stutts, Whitney L; Jackson, Lauren S; Garber, Eric A E

2015-12-09

The effectiveness of a proline endopeptidase (PEP) in hydrolyzing gluten and its putative immunopathogenic sequences was examined using antibody-based methods and mass spectrometry (MS). Based on the results of the antibody-based methods, fermentation of wheat gluten containing sorghum beer resulted in a reduction in the detectable gluten concentration. The addition of PEP further reduced the gluten concentration. Only one sandwich ELISA was able to detect the apparent low levels of gluten present in the beers. A competitive ELISA using a pepsin-trypsin hydrolysate calibrant was unreliable because the peptide profiles of the beers were inconsistent with that of the hydrolysate calibrant. Analysis by MS indicated that PEP enhanced the loss of a fragment of an immunopathogenic 33-mer peptide in the beer. However, Western blot results indicated partial resistance of the high molecular weight (HMW) glutenins to the action of PEP, questioning the ability of PEP in digesting all immunopathogenic sequences present in gluten.

Modifying ``Six Ideas that Shaped Physics'' for a Life-Science major audience at Hope College

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mader, Catherine

2005-04-01

The ``Six Ideas That Shaped Physics'' textbook has been adapted and used for use in the algebra-based introductory physics course for non-physics science majors at Hope College. The results of the first use will be presented. Comparison of FCI for pre and post test scores will be compared with results from 8 years of results from both the algebra-based course and the calculus-based course (when we first adopted ``Six Ideas that Shaped Physcs" for the Calculus-based course). In addition, comparison on quantitative tests and homework problems with prior student groups will also be made. Because a large fraction of the audience in the algebra-based course is life-science majors, a goal of this project is to make the material relevant for these students. Supplemental materials that emphasize the connection between the life sciences and the fundamental physics concepts are being be developed to accompany the new textbook. Samples of these materials and how they were used (and received) during class testing will be presented.

Accelerated Aging in Electrolytic Capacitors for Prognostics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Celaya, Jose R.; Kulkarni, Chetan; Saha, Sankalita; Biswas, Gautam; Goebel, Kai Frank

2012-01-01

The focus of this work is the analysis of different degradation phenomena based on thermal overstress and electrical overstress accelerated aging systems and the use of accelerated aging techniques for prognostics algorithm development. Results on thermal overstress and electrical overstress experiments are presented. In addition, preliminary results toward the development of physics-based degradation models are presented focusing on the electrolyte evaporation failure mechanism. An empirical degradation model based on percentage capacitance loss under electrical overstress is presented and used in: (i) a Bayesian-based implementation of model-based prognostics using a discrete Kalman filter for health state estimation, and (ii) a dynamic system representation of the degradation model for forecasting and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation. A leave-one-out validation methodology is used to assess the validity of the methodology under the small sample size constrain. The results observed on the RUL estimation are consistent through the validation tests comparing relative accuracy and prediction error. It has been observed that the inaccuracy of the model to represent the change in degradation behavior observed at the end of the test data is consistent throughout the validation tests, indicating the need of a more detailed degradation model or the use of an algorithm that could estimate model parameters on-line. Based on the observed degradation process under different stress intensity with rest periods, the need for more sophisticated degradation models is further supported. The current degradation model does not represent the capacitance recovery over rest periods following an accelerated aging stress period.

Team-Based Classroom Pedagogy Reframed: The Student Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schultz, Jennifer L.; Wilson, Joel R.; Hess, Kenneth C.

2010-01-01

Postsecondary learning environments often utilize team-based pedagogical practices to challenge and support student learning outcomes. This manuscript presents the findings of a qualitative research study that analyzed the viewpoints and perceptions of group or team-based projects among undergraduate business students. Results identified five…

Examples of Sports-Based Youth Development Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berlin, Richard A.; Dworkin, Aaron; Eames, Ned; Menconi, Arn; Perkins, Daniel F.

2007-01-01

The authors provide examples of sports-based youth development programs and offer information about program mission and vision, program design and content, evaluation results, and program sustainability. The four sports-based youth development programs presented are Harlem RBI, Tenacity, Snowsports Outreach Society, and Hoops & Leaders…

Instruction of Research-Based Comprehension Strategies in Basal Reading Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pilonieta, Paola

2010-01-01

Research supports using research-based comprehension strategies; however, comprehension strategy instruction is not highly visible in basal reading programs or classroom instruction, resulting in many students who struggle with comprehension. A content analysis examined which research-based comprehension strategies were presented in five…

The Relationship between Perceived Discrimination and Generalized Anxiety Disorder among African Americans, Afro Caribbeans and non-Hispanic Whites

PubMed Central

Soto, José A.; Dawson-Andoh, Nana A.; BeLue, Rhonda

2010-01-01

The present study examined the relationship between frequency of race based and non-race based discrimination experiences and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in a sample of 3,570 African Americans, 1,438 Afro Caribbeans, and 891 non-Hispanic Whites from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). Because GAD and the experience of racial discrimination are both associated with symptoms of worry and tension, we expected race based discrimination to predict GAD prevalence for African Americans, but not other groups. We did not expect non-race based discrimination to predict GAD. Results showed that while more frequent experiences of non-race based discrimination predicted GAD for all groups, experiencing race based discrimination was associated with significantly higher odds of endorsing lifetime GAD for African Americans only. Results are interpreted in light of the different contexts that these three ethnic groups represent relative to their history within the United States as well as their present day circumstances. PMID:21041059

Promoting Post-Formal Thinking in a U.S. History Survey Course: A Problem-Based Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wynn, Charles T.; Mosholder, Richard S.; Larsen, Carolee A.

2016-01-01

This article presents a problem-based learning (PBL) model for teaching a college U.S. history survey course (U.S. history since 1890) designed to promote postformal thinking skills and identify and explain thinking systems inherent in adult complex problem-solving. We also present the results of a study in which the outcomes of the PBL model were…

Analysis and Design of Power Factor Pre-Regulator Based on a Symmetrical Charge Pump Circuit Applied to Electronic Ballast

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lazcano Olea, Miguel; Ramos Astudillo, Reynaldo; Sanhueza Robles, René; Rodriguez Rubke, Leopoldo; Ruiz-Caballero, Domingo Antonio

This paper presents the analysis and design of a power factor pre-regulator based on a symmetrical charge pump circuit applied to electronic ballast. The operation stages of the circuit are analyzed and its main design equations are obtained. Simulation and experimental results are presented in order to show the design methodology feasibility.

Gender-Based Content of Educational Materials for the Study of Serbian Language in Lower-Stage Grades of Elementary Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trifunovic, Vesna; Petrovic, Ruzica

2014-01-01

This paper presents the results of analysis of educational materials for the study of Serbian language in lower-stage grades of elementary education (intended for students from 7 through 11 years old) from gender perspective. The first part of the paper presents the process of institutionalization of gender-based education in the Republic of…

Rational-operator-based depth-from-defocus approach to scene reconstruction.

PubMed

Li, Ang; Staunton, Richard; Tjahjadi, Tardi

2013-09-01

This paper presents a rational-operator-based approach to depth from defocus (DfD) for the reconstruction of three-dimensional scenes from two-dimensional images, which enables fast DfD computation that is independent of scene textures. Two variants of the approach, one using the Gaussian rational operators (ROs) that are based on the Gaussian point spread function (PSF) and the second based on the generalized Gaussian PSF, are considered. A novel DfD correction method is also presented to further improve the performance of the approach. Experimental results are considered for real scenes and show that both approaches outperform existing RO-based methods.

Attitudes of Nigerian Secondary School Teachers towards Media-Based Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ekpo, C. M.

This document presents results of a study assessing the attitudes of secondary school teachers towards media based learning. The study explores knowledge of and exposure to media based learning techniques of a cross section of Nigerian secondary school teachers. Factors that affect the use of media based learning technique are sought. Media based…

Postbuckling response of long thick plates loaded in compression including higher order transverse shearing effects

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stein, Manuel; Sydow, P. Daniel; Librescu, Liviu

1990-01-01

Buckling and postbuckling results are presented for compression-loaded simply-supported aluminum plates and composite plates with a symmetric lay-up of thin + or - 45 deg plies composed of many layers. Buckling results for aluminum plates of finite length are given for various length-to-width ratios. Asymptotes to the curves based on buckling results give N(sub xcr) for plates of infinite length. Postbuckling results for plates with transverse shearing flexibility are compared to results from classical theory for various width-to-thickness ratios. Characteristic curves indicating the average longitudinal direct stress resultant as a function of the applied displacements are calculated based on four different theories: Classical von Karman theory using the Kirchoff assumptions, first-order shear deformation theory, higher-order shear deformation theory, and 3-D flexibility theory. Present results indicate that the 3-D flexibility theory gives the lowest buckling loads. The higher-order shear deformation theory has fewer unknowns than the 3-D flexibility theory but does not take into account through-the-thickness effects. The figures presented show that small differences occur in the average longitudinal direct stress resultants from the four theories that are functions of applied end-shortening displacement.

Liquid lens based on electrowetting: actual developments on larger aperture and multiple electrodes design for image stabilization or beam steering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berge, Bruno; Broutin, Jérôme; Gaton, Hilario; Malet, Géraldine; Simon, Eric; Thieblemont, Florent

2013-03-01

This paper presents experimental results on several liquid lenses based on Electrowetting which are commercially available. It will be shown that larger aperture lenses are basically of the same optical quality than smaller lenses, sometimes reaching the diffraction limit, then opening new kind of applications areas for variable lenses in laser science. Regarding response time, actual performances of liquids lenses based on Electrowetting are presented and compared to a model simulating the internal fluid reorganization, seen as the main source of delay between electrical actuation and optical evolution of the lens. This simplified analytical model is supporting experimental results in various situations (focus and tilt variations), in static and dynamic regimes.

Ion beam-based studies for tribological phenomena

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Racolta, P. M.; Popa-Simil, L.; Alexandreanu, B.

1996-06-01

Custom-designed experiments based on the Thin Layer Activation technique (TLA) were completed, providing information on the wear level of some engine components with additional data on transfer and adhesion of material between metallic friction couples using the RBS method. RBS experimental results concerning material transfer for a steel-brass friction couple are presented and discussed in the paper. Also, the types and concentrations of the wear products in used lubricant oils were determined by in-air PIXE. A sequential lubricant filtering-based procedure for determining the dimension distribution of the resulting radioactive wear particles by low level γ-spectrometry is presented. Experimental XRF spectra showing the non-homogeneous distribution of the retained waste particles on the filtering paper are shown.

A comparative laboratory diagnosis of malaria: microscopy versus rapid diagnostic test kits.

PubMed

Azikiwe, C C A; Ifezulike, C C; Siminialayi, I M; Amazu, L U; Enye, J C; Nwakwunite, O E

2012-04-01

To compare the two methods of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria. RDTs and microscopy were carried out to diagnose malaria. Percentage malaria parasitaemia was calculated on thin films and all non-acute cases of plasmodiasis with less than 0.001% malaria parasitaemia were regarded as negative. Results were simply presented as percentage positive of the total number of patients under study. The results of RDTs were compared to those of microscopy while those of RDTs based on antigen were compared to those of RDTs based on antibody. Patients' follow-up was made for all cases. All the 200 patients under present study tested positive to RDTs based on malaria antibodies (serum) method (100%). 128 out of 200 tested positive to RDTs based on malaria antigen (whole blood) method (64%), while 118 out of 200 patients under present study tested positive to visual microscopy of Lieshman and diluted Giemsa (59%). All patients that tested positive to microscopy also tested positive to RDTs based on antigen. All patients on the second day of follow-up were non-febrile and had antimalaria drugs. We conclude based on the present study that the RDTs based on malaria antigen (whole blood) method is as specific as the traditional microscopy and even appears more sensitive than microscopy. The RDTs based on antibody (serum) method is unspecific thus it should not be encouraged. It is most likely that Africa being an endemic region, formation of certain levels of malaria antibody may not be uncommon. The present study also supports the opinion that a good number of febrile cases is not due to malaria. We support WHO's report on cost effectiveness of RDTs but, recommend that only the antigen based method should possibly, be adopted in Africa and other malaria endemic regions of the world.

Public Concepts of the Values and Costs of Higher Education, 1963-1974. A Preliminary Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minor, Michael J.; Murray, James R.

Statistical data are presented on interviews conducted through the Continuous National Survey (CNS) at the National Opinion Research Center in Chicago and based on results reprinted from "Public Concepts of the Values and Costs of Higher Education," by Angus Campbell and William C. Eckerman. The CNS results presented in this report are…

Results of a Research Evaluating Quality of Computer Science Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Záhorec, Ján; Hašková, Alena; Munk, Michal

2012-01-01

The paper presents the results of an international research on a comparative assessment of the current status of computer science education at the secondary level (ISCED 3A) in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Belgium. Evaluation was carried out based on 14 specific factors gauging the students' point of view. The authors present qualitative…

Flow dynamic environment data base development for the SSME

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sundaram, C. V.

1985-01-01

The fluid flow-induced vibration of the Space Shuttle main engine (SSME) components are being studied with a view to correlating the frequency characteristics of the pressure fluctuations in a rocket engine to its operating conditions and geometry. An overview of the data base development for SSME test firing results and the interactive computer software used to access, retrieve, and plot or print the results selectively for given thrust levels, engine numbers, etc., is presented. The various statistical methods available in the computer code for data analysis are discussed. Plots of test data, nondimensionalized using parameters such as fluid flow velocities, densities, and pressures, are presented. Results are compared with those available in the literature. Correlations between the resonant peaks observed at higher frequencies in power spectral density plots with pump geometry and operating conditions are discussed. An overview of the status of the investigation is presented and future directions are discussed.

Waveform digitization for high resolution timing detectors with silicon photomultipliers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ronzhin, A.; Albrow, M. G.; Los, S.

2012-03-01

The results of time resolution studies with silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) read out with high bandwidth constant fraction discrimination electronics were presented earlier [1-3]. Here we describe the application of fast waveform digitization readout based on the DRS4 chip [4], a switched capacitor array (SCA) produced by the Paul Scherrer Institute, to further our goal of developing high time resolution detectors based on SiPMs. The influence of the SiPM signal shape on the time resolution was investigated. Different algorithms to obtain the best time resolution are described, and test beam results are presented.

Cathodes for molten-salt batteries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Argade, Shyam D.

1993-01-01

Viewgraphs of the discussion on cathodes for molten-salt batteries are presented. For the cathode reactions in molten-salt cells, chlorine-based and sulfur-based cathodes reactants have relatively high exchange current densities. Sulfur-based cathodes, metal sulfides, and disulfides have been extensively investigated. Primary thermal batteries of the Li-alloy/FeS2 variety have been available for a number of years. Chlorine based rechargable cathodes were investigated for the pulse power application. A brief introduction is followed by the experimental aspects of research, and the results obtained. Performance projections to the battery system level are discussed and the presentation is summarized with conclusions.

The effects of food presentation at regular or irregular times on the development of activity-based anorexia in rats.

PubMed

Pérez-Padilla, Angeles; Magalhães, Paula; Pellón, Ricardo

2010-05-01

Activity-based anorexia occurs when food availability is restricted to 1h of the day and a wheel is freely available to the rest of the time. Under such conditions rats run excessively and stop eating even during periods in which food is available. A defining characteristic of the excessive activity is that there is a peak of running in the anticipation of food availability. The present study was designed to test whether the occurrence of the food period at different times of the light phase of the light-dark cycle (from 08:00 to 20:00h) could impede or postpone the normal development of activity anorexia. We compared the effect of presenting the food at a fixed time of the light period with presenting it on a variable schedule. Far from impeding or postponing the development of activity-based anorexia, presenting food at irregular times resulted in a pronounced body-weight loss, a low food intake and an increase in locomotor activity. Animals ran excessively, with a peak at the start of the dark period, and again when lights were turned on in the experimental room (running in the anticipation of food). Both fixed and variable schedules of food availability resulted in the development of activity-based anorexia in rats. Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Focal points and principal solutions of linear Hamiltonian systems revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Šepitka, Peter; Šimon Hilscher, Roman

2018-05-01

In this paper we present a novel view on the principal (and antiprincipal) solutions of linear Hamiltonian systems, as well as on the focal points of their conjoined bases. We present a new and unified theory of principal (and antiprincipal) solutions at a finite point and at infinity, and apply it to obtain new representation of the multiplicities of right and left proper focal points of conjoined bases. We show that these multiplicities can be characterized by the abnormality of the system in a neighborhood of the given point and by the rank of the associated T-matrix from the theory of principal (and antiprincipal) solutions. We also derive some additional important results concerning the representation of T-matrices and associated normalized conjoined bases. The results in this paper are new even for completely controllable linear Hamiltonian systems. We also discuss other potential applications of our main results, in particular in the singular Sturmian theory.

A Model-Based Anomaly Detection Approach for Analyzing Streaming Aircraft Engine Measurement Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, Donald L.; Rinehart, Aidan W.

2014-01-01

This paper presents a model-based anomaly detection architecture designed for analyzing streaming transient aircraft engine measurement data. The technique calculates and monitors residuals between sensed engine outputs and model predicted outputs for anomaly detection purposes. Pivotal to the performance of this technique is the ability to construct a model that accurately reflects the nominal operating performance of the engine. The dynamic model applied in the architecture is a piecewise linear design comprising steady-state trim points and dynamic state space matrices. A simple curve-fitting technique for updating the model trim point information based on steadystate information extracted from available nominal engine measurement data is presented. Results from the application of the model-based approach for processing actual engine test data are shown. These include both nominal fault-free test case data and seeded fault test case data. The results indicate that the updates applied to improve the model trim point information also improve anomaly detection performance. Recommendations for follow-on enhancements to the technique are also presented and discussed.

A Model-Based Anomaly Detection Approach for Analyzing Streaming Aircraft Engine Measurement Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, Donald L.; Rinehart, Aidan Walker

2015-01-01

This paper presents a model-based anomaly detection architecture designed for analyzing streaming transient aircraft engine measurement data. The technique calculates and monitors residuals between sensed engine outputs and model predicted outputs for anomaly detection purposes. Pivotal to the performance of this technique is the ability to construct a model that accurately reflects the nominal operating performance of the engine. The dynamic model applied in the architecture is a piecewise linear design comprising steady-state trim points and dynamic state space matrices. A simple curve-fitting technique for updating the model trim point information based on steadystate information extracted from available nominal engine measurement data is presented. Results from the application of the model-based approach for processing actual engine test data are shown. These include both nominal fault-free test case data and seeded fault test case data. The results indicate that the updates applied to improve the model trim point information also improve anomaly detection performance. Recommendations for follow-on enhancements to the technique are also presented and discussed.

Performance of a parallel algebraic multilevel preconditioner for stabilized finite element semiconductor device modeling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lin, Paul T.; Shadid, John N.; Sala, Marzio

In this study results are presented for the large-scale parallel performance of an algebraic multilevel preconditioner for solution of the drift-diffusion model for semiconductor devices. The preconditioner is the key numerical procedure determining the robustness, efficiency and scalability of the fully-coupled Newton-Krylov based, nonlinear solution method that is employed for this system of equations. The coupled system is comprised of a source term dominated Poisson equation for the electric potential, and two convection-diffusion-reaction type equations for the electron and hole concentration. The governing PDEs are discretized in space by a stabilized finite element method. Solution of the discrete system ismore » obtained through a fully-implicit time integrator, a fully-coupled Newton-based nonlinear solver, and a restarted GMRES Krylov linear system solver. The algebraic multilevel preconditioner is based on an aggressive coarsening graph partitioning of the nonzero block structure of the Jacobian matrix. Representative performance results are presented for various choices of multigrid V-cycles and W-cycles and parameter variations for smoothers based on incomplete factorizations. Parallel scalability results are presented for solution of up to 10{sup 8} unknowns on 4096 processors of a Cray XT3/4 and an IBM POWER eServer system.« less

Implicit Prosody and Cue-based Retrieval: L1 and L2 Agreement and Comprehension during Reading

PubMed Central

Pratt, Elizabeth; Fernández, Eva M.

2016-01-01

This project focuses on structural and prosodic effects during reading, examining their influence on agreement processing and comprehension in native English (L1) and Spanish–English bilingual (L2) speakers. We consolidate research from several distinct areas of inquiry—cognitive processing, reading fluency, and L1/L2 processing—in order to support the integration of prosody with a cue-based retrieval mechanism for subject-verb agreement. To explore this proposal, the experimental design manipulated text presentation to influence implicit prosody, using sentences designed to induce subject-verb agreement attraction errors. Materials included simple and complex relative clauses with head nouns and verbs that were either matched or mismatched for number. Participants read items in one of three presentation formats (whole sentence, word-by-word, or phrase-by-phrase), rated each item for grammaticality, and responded to a comprehension probe. Results indicated that while overall, message comprehension was prioritized over subject-verb agreement computation, presentation format differentially affected both measures in the L1 and L2 groups. For the L1 participants, facilitating the projection of phrasal prosody onto text (phrase-by-phrase presentation) enhanced performance in agreement processing, while disrupting prosodic projection via word-by-word presentation decreased comprehension accuracy. For the L2 participants, however, phrase-by-phrase presentation was not significantly beneficial for agreement processing, and additionally resulted in lower comprehension accuracy. These differences point to a significant role of prosodic phrasing during agreement processing in both L1 and L2 speakers, additionally suggesting that it may contribute to a cue-based retrieval agreement model, either acting as a cue directly, or otherwise scaffolding the retrieval process. The discussion and results presented provide support both for a cue-based retrieval mechanism in agreement, and the function of prosody within such a mechanism, adding further insight into the interaction of retrieval processes, cognitive task load, and the role of implicit prosody. PMID:28018264

Implicit Prosody and Cue-based Retrieval: L1 and L2 Agreement and Comprehension during Reading.

PubMed

Pratt, Elizabeth; Fernández, Eva M

2016-01-01

This project focuses on structural and prosodic effects during reading, examining their influence on agreement processing and comprehension in native English (L1) and Spanish-English bilingual (L2) speakers. We consolidate research from several distinct areas of inquiry-cognitive processing, reading fluency, and L1/L2 processing-in order to support the integration of prosody with a cue-based retrieval mechanism for subject-verb agreement. To explore this proposal, the experimental design manipulated text presentation to influence implicit prosody, using sentences designed to induce subject-verb agreement attraction errors. Materials included simple and complex relative clauses with head nouns and verbs that were either matched or mismatched for number. Participants read items in one of three presentation formats (whole sentence, word-by-word, or phrase-by-phrase), rated each item for grammaticality, and responded to a comprehension probe. Results indicated that while overall, message comprehension was prioritized over subject-verb agreement computation, presentation format differentially affected both measures in the L1 and L2 groups. For the L1 participants, facilitating the projection of phrasal prosody onto text (phrase-by-phrase presentation) enhanced performance in agreement processing, while disrupting prosodic projection via word-by-word presentation decreased comprehension accuracy. For the L2 participants, however, phrase-by-phrase presentation was not significantly beneficial for agreement processing, and additionally resulted in lower comprehension accuracy. These differences point to a significant role of prosodic phrasing during agreement processing in both L1 and L2 speakers, additionally suggesting that it may contribute to a cue-based retrieval agreement model, either acting as a cue directly, or otherwise scaffolding the retrieval process. The discussion and results presented provide support both for a cue-based retrieval mechanism in agreement, and the function of prosody within such a mechanism, adding further insight into the interaction of retrieval processes, cognitive task load, and the role of implicit prosody.

First International Diagnosis Competition - DXC'09

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kurtoglu, tolga; Narasimhan, Sriram; Poll, Scott; Garcia, David; Kuhn, Lukas; deKleer, Johan; vanGemund, Arjan; Feldman, Alexander

2009-01-01

A framework to compare and evaluate diagnosis algorithms (DAs) has been created jointly by NASA Ames Research Center and PARC. In this paper, we present the first concrete implementation of this framework as a competition called DXC 09. The goal of this competition was to evaluate and compare DAs in a common platform and to determine a winner based on diagnosis results. 12 DAs (model-based and otherwise) competed in this first year of the competition in 3 tracks that included industrial and synthetic systems. Specifically, the participants provided algorithms that communicated with the run-time architecture to receive scenario data and return diagnostic results. These algorithms were run on extended scenario data sets (different from sample set) to compute a set of pre-defined metrics. A ranking scheme based on weighted metrics was used to declare winners. This paper presents the systems used in DXC 09, description of faults and data sets, a listing of participating DAs, the metrics and results computed from running the DAs, and a superficial analysis of the results.

Word Order in Russian Sign Language

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimmelman, Vadim

2012-01-01

In this paper the results of an investigation of word order in Russian Sign Language (RSL) are presented. A small corpus of narratives based on comic strips by nine native signers was analyzed and a picture-description experiment (based on Volterra et al. 1984) was conducted with six native signers. The results are the following: the most frequent…

[Forced Oscillations of DNA Bases].

PubMed

Yakushevich, L V; Krasnobaeva, L A

2016-01-01

This paper presents the results of the studying of forced angular oscillations of the DNA bases with the help of the mathematical model consisting of two coupled nonlinear differential equations that take into account the effects of dissipation and the influence of an external periodic field. The calculation results are illustrated for sequence of gene encoding interferon alpha 17 (IFNA 17).

School Bullying and Drug Use Later in Life: A Meta-Analytic Investigation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ttofi, Maria M.; Farrington, David P.; Lösel, Friedrich; Crago, Rebecca V.; Theodorakis, Nikolaos

2016-01-01

The main aim of this article is to investigate whether there is a significant long-term association between bullying at school and drug use later in life. A meta-analysis is presented based on results from major prospective longitudinal studies with available unadjusted and adjusted effect sizes. Results are based on thorough systematic searches…

Introduction of a method for presenting health-based impacts of the emission from products, based on emission measurements of materials used in manufacturing of the products

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jørgensen, Rikke Bramming, E-mail: rikke.jorgensen@iot.ntnu.no

A method for presenting the health impact of emissions from furniture is introduced, which could be used in the context of environmental product declarations. The health impact is described by the negative indoor air quality potential, the carcinogenic potential, the mutagenic and reprotoxic potential, the allergenic potential, and the toxicological potential. An experimental study of emissions from four pieces of furniture is performed by testing both the materials used for production of the furniture and the complete piece of furniture, in order to compare the results gained by adding emissions of material with results gained from testing the finished piecemore » of furniture. Calculating the emission from a product based on the emission from materials used in the manufacture of the product is a new idea. The relation between calculated results and measured results from the same products differ between the four pieces of furniture tested. Large differences between measured and calculated values are seen for leather products. More knowledge is needed to understand why these differences arise. Testing materials allows us to compare different suppliers of the same material. Four different foams and three different timber materials are tested, and the results vary between materials of the same type. If the manufacturer possesses this type of knowledge of the materials from the subcontractors it could be used as a selection criterion according to production of low emission products. -- Highlights: • A method for presenting health impact of emissions is introduced. • An experimental study of emissions from four pieces of furniture is performed. • Health impact is calculated based on sum of contribution from the materials used. • Calculated health impact is compared to health impact of the manufactured product. • The results show that health impact could be useful in product development and for presentation in EPDs.« less

A novel, fuzzy-based air quality index (FAQI) for air quality assessment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sowlat, Mohammad Hossein; Gharibi, Hamed; Yunesian, Masud; Tayefeh Mahmoudi, Maryam; Lotfi, Saeedeh

2011-04-01

The ever increasing level of air pollution in most areas of the world has led to development of a variety of air quality indices for estimation of health effects of air pollution, though the indices have their own limitations such as high levels of subjectivity. Present study, therefore, aimed at developing a novel, fuzzy-based air quality index (FAQI ) to handle such limitations. The index developed by present study is based on fuzzy logic that is considered as one of the most common computational methods of artificial intelligence. In addition to criteria air pollutants (i.e. CO, SO 2, PM 10, O 3, NO 2), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and 1,3-butadiene were also taken into account in the index proposed, because of their considerable health effects. Different weighting factors were then assigned to each pollutant according to its priority. Trapezoidal membership functions were employed for classifications and the final index consisted of 72 inference rules. To assess the performance of the index, a case study was carried out employing air quality data at five different sampling stations in Tehran, Iran, from January 2008 to December 2009, results of which were then compared to the results obtained from USEPA air quality index (AQI). According to the results from present study, fuzzy-based air quality index is a comprehensive tool for classification of air quality and tends to produce accurate results. Therefore, it can be considered useful, reliable, and suitable for consideration by local authorities in air quality assessment and management schemes. Fuzzy-based air quality index (FAQI).

Long-term transport behavior of psychoactive compounds in sewage-affected groundwater

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nham, Hang Thuy Thi; Greskowiak, Janek; Hamann, Enrico; Meffe, Raffaella; Hass, Ulrike; Massmann, Gudrun

2016-11-01

The present study provides a model-based characterization of the long-term transport behavior of five psychoactive compounds (meprobamate, pyrithyldione, primidone, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide) introduced into groundwater via sewage irrigation in Berlin, Germany. Compounds are still present in the groundwater despite the sewage farm closure in the year 1980. Due to the limited information on (i) compound concentrations in the source water and (ii) substance properties, a total of 180 cross-sectional model realizations for each compound were carried out, covering a large range of possible parameter combinations. Results were compared with the present-day contamination patterns in the aquifer and the most likely scenarios were identified based on a number of model performance criteria. The simulation results show that (i) compounds are highly persistent under the present field conditions, and (ii) sorption is insignificant. Thus, back-diffusion from low permeability zones appears as the main reason for the compound retardation.

Exact finite elements for conduction and convection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thornton, E. A.; Dechaumphai, P.; Tamma, K. K.

1981-01-01

An approach for developing exact one dimensional conduction-convection finite elements is presented. Exact interpolation functions are derived based on solutions to the governing differential equations by employing a nodeless parameter. Exact interpolation functions are presented for combined heat transfer in several solids of different shapes, and for combined heat transfer in a flow passage. Numerical results demonstrate that exact one dimensional elements offer advantages over elements based on approximate interpolation functions.

Overview of Light Hydrogen-Based Low Energy Nuclear Reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miley, George H.; Shrestha, Prajakti J.

This paper reviews light water and hydrogen-based low-energy nuclear reactions (LENRs) including the different methodologies used to study these reactions and the results obtained. Reports of excess heat production, transmutation reactions, and nuclear radiation emission are cited. An aim of this review is to present a summary of the present status of light water LENR research and provide some insight into where this research is heading.

Balkan brachicerous cattle - the first domesticated cattle in Europe.

PubMed

Hristov, Peter; Sirakova, Daniela; Mitkov, Ivan; Spassov, Nikolai; Radoslavov, Georgi

2018-01-01

The present study aimed to compare mitochondrial diversity among Balkan Neolithic/Chalcolithic cattle and present day Shorthorn Rhodopean cattle (Busha) to throw a new insight into European cattle domestication. The results showed that both ancient- and present-day samples belonged to the macrohaplogroup T. From the 28 sequences (8 ancient and 20 modern), the T1 and T2 haplogroup represent about 3.6% (1/28; 1/28). The T3 haplogroup was with the highest frequency - 57% (16/28). Based on the SNPs on 16057A and 16133C, the new T6 haplogroup was proposed. This haplogroup represents 75% from the ancient and 20% from the present day Bulgarian brachicerous cattle population. The survey in GenBank data base did not find a similar motif, except for the recent Serbian Busha cattle. Overall, these results showed that: (i) The newly named T6 haplogroup is Balkan specific; (ii) The T6 haplogroup survives in present day Bulgarian rhodopean cattle; (iii) The Balkan brachicerous cattle is the oldest European cattle breed.

A Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Predictor-Based Model Reference Adaptive Controller for a Generic Transport Model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Campbell, Stefan F.; Kaneshige, John T.

2010-01-01

Presented here is a Predictor-Based Model Reference Adaptive Control (PMRAC) architecture for a generic transport aircraft. At its core, this architecture features a three-axis, non-linear, dynamic-inversion controller. Command inputs for this baseline controller are provided by pilot roll-rate, pitch-rate, and sideslip commands. This paper will first thoroughly present the baseline controller followed by a description of the PMRAC adaptive augmentation to this control system. Results are presented via a full-scale, nonlinear simulation of NASA s Generic Transport Model (GTM).

A Trade Study of Two Membrane-Aerated Biological Water Processors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allada, Ram; Lange, Kevin; Vega. Leticia; Roberts, Michael S.; Jackson, Andrew; Anderson, Molly; Pickering, Karen

2011-01-01

Biologically based systems are under evaluation as primary water processors for next generation life support systems due to their low power requirements and their inherent regenerative nature. This paper will summarize the results of two recent studies involving membrane aerated biological water processors and present results of a trade study comparing the two systems with regards to waste stream composition, nutrient loading and system design. Results of optimal configurations will be presented.

An Inquiry-Based Approach to Teaching Research Methods in Information Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albright, Kendra; Petrulis, Robert; Vasconcelos, Ana; Wood, Jamie

2012-01-01

This paper presents the results of a project that aimed at restructuring the delivery of research methods training at the Information School at the University of Sheffield, UK, based on an Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) approach. The purpose of this research was to implement inquiry-based learning that would allow customization of research methods…

Two Simon tasks with different sources of conflict: an ERP study of motion- and location-based compatibility effects.

PubMed

Galashan, Daniela; Wittfoth, Matthias; Fehr, Thorsten; Herrmann, Manfred

2008-07-01

Behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of two Simon tasks were examined using comparable stimuli but different task-irrelevant and conflict-inducing stimulus features. Whereas target shape was always the task-relevant stimulus attribute, either target location (location-based task) or motion direction within the target stimuli (motion-based task) was used as a source of conflict. Data from ten healthy participants who performed both tasks are presented. In the motion-based task the incompatible condition showed smaller P300 amplitudes at Pz than the compatible condition and the location-based task yielded a trend towards a reduced P300 amplitude in the incompatible condition. For both tasks, no P300 latency differences between the conditions were found at Pz. The results suggest that the motion-based task elicits behavioral and electrophysiological effects comparable with regular Simon tasks. As all stimuli in the motion-based Simon task were presented centrally the present data strongly argue against the attention-shifting account as an explanatory approach.

Performance-Based Funding in Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foster, Charles A.; Marquart, Deanna J.

This report examines three performance-based funding (PBF) plans: (1) merit pay for teachers and/or administrators; (2) career ladders; and (3) formula-driven incentive payments to schools. The report contends that present-day problems in public schools result largely from the organizational structure of the educational enterprise. Being based on…

Preservice Teachers' Conceptions and Enactments of Project-Based Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marshall, Jill A.; Petrosino, Anthony J.; Martin, Taylor

2010-01-01

We present results of an investigation of preservice secondary mathematics and science teachers' conceptions of project-based instruction (PBI) and their enactments of PBI in apprentice (student) teaching. We evaluated their thinking and implementations within a composite framework based on the work of education researchers. We analyzed survey…

Web-Based Intelligent E-Learning Systems: Technologies and Applications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ma, Zongmin

2006-01-01

Collecting and presenting the latest research and development results from the leading researchers in the field of e-learning systems, Web-Based Intelligent E-Learning Systems: Technologies and Applications provides a single record of current research and practical applications in Web-based intelligent e-learning systems. This book includes major…

Towards practical implementation of biophotonics-based solutions for cost-effective monitoring of food quality control (Conference Presentation)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meglinski, Igor; Popov, Alexey; Bykov, Alexander

2017-03-01

Biophotonics-based diagnostic and imaging modalities have been widely used in various applications associated with the non-invasive imaging of the internal structure of a range biological media from a range of cells cultures to biological tissues. With the fast growing interest in food securities there remains strong demand to apply reliable and cost effective biophotonics-based technologies for rapid screening of freshness, internal defects and quality of major agricultural products. In current presentation the results of application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and encapsulated optical bio-sensors for quantitative assessment of freshness of agricultural products, such as meat and sea foods, are presented, and their further perspectives are discussed.

Identification of Anisotropic Criteria for Stratified Soil Based on Triaxial Tests Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tankiewicz, Matylda; Kawa, Marek

2017-09-01

The paper presents the identification methodology of anisotropic criteria based on triaxial test results. The considered material is varved clay - a sedimentary soil occurring in central Poland which is characterized by the so-called "layered microstructure". The strength examination outcomes were identified by standard triaxial tests. The results include the estimated peak strength obtained for a wide range of orientations and confining pressures. Two models were chosen as potentially adequate for the description of the tested material, namely Pariseau and its conjunction with the Jaeger weakness plane. Material constants were obtained by fitting the model to the experimental results. The identification procedure is based on the least squares method. The optimal values of parameters are searched for between specified bounds by sequentially decreasing the distance between points and reducing the length of the searched range. For both considered models the optimal parameters have been obtained. The comparison of theoretical and experimental results as well as the assessment of the suitability of selected criteria for the specified range of confining pressures are presented.

Electronics Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prickett, Charlotte

This document presents results of research conducted by industry representatives regarding tasks performed by electronic technicians and line manufacturing electro-mechanical technicians in Arizona electronics industries. Based on this research, a competency-based curriculum was developed for training entry-level electronics technicians. Twelve…

Experimental evaluation of high performance base course and road base asphalt concrete with electric arc furnace steel slags.

PubMed

Pasetto, Marco; Baldo, Nicola

2010-09-15

The paper presents the results of a laboratory study aimed at verifying the use of two types of electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slags as substitutes for natural aggregates, in the composition of base course and road base asphalt concrete (BBAC) for flexible pavements. The trial was composed of a preliminary study of the chemical, physical, mechanical and leaching properties of the EAF steel slags, followed by the mix design and performance characterization of the bituminous mixes, through gyratory compaction tests, permanent deformation tests, stiffness modulus tests at various temperatures, fatigue tests and indirect tensile strength tests. All the mixtures with EAF slags presented better mechanical characteristics than those of the corresponding asphalts with natural aggregate and satisfied the requisites for acceptance in the Italian road sector technical standards, thus resulting as suitable for use in road construction. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ontology-based malaria parasite stage and species identification from peripheral blood smear images.

PubMed

Makkapati, Vishnu V; Rao, Raghuveer M

2011-01-01

The diagnosis and treatment of malaria infection requires detecting the presence of the malaria parasite in the patient as well as identification of the parasite species. We present an image processing-based approach to detect parasites in microscope images of a blood smear and an ontology-based classification of the stage of the parasite for identifying the species of infection. This approach is patterned after the diagnosis approach adopted by a pathologist for visual examination, and hence, is expected to deliver similar results. We formulate several rules based on the morphology of the basic components of a parasite, namely, chromatin dot(s) and cytoplasm, to identify the parasite stage and species. Numerical results are presented for data taken from various patients. A sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 95% is reported by evaluation of the scheme on 55 images.

Tracking by Identification Using Computer Vision and Radio

PubMed Central

Mandeljc, Rok; Kovačič, Stanislav; Kristan, Matej; Perš, Janez

2013-01-01

We present a novel system for detection, localization and tracking of multiple people, which fuses a multi-view computer vision approach with a radio-based localization system. The proposed fusion combines the best of both worlds, excellent computer-vision-based localization, and strong identity information provided by the radio system, and is therefore able to perform tracking by identification, which makes it impervious to propagated identity switches. We present comprehensive methodology for evaluation of systems that perform person localization in world coordinate system and use it to evaluate the proposed system as well as its components. Experimental results on a challenging indoor dataset, which involves multiple people walking around a realistically cluttered room, confirm that proposed fusion of both systems significantly outperforms its individual components. Compared to the radio-based system, it achieves better localization results, while at the same time it successfully prevents propagation of identity switches that occur in pure computer-vision-based tracking. PMID:23262485

Vibrational response analysis of tires using a three-dimensional flexible ring-based model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matsubara, Masami; Tajiri, Daiki; Ise, Tomohiko; Kawamura, Shozo

2017-11-01

Tire vibration characteristics influence noise, vibration, and harshness. Hence, there have been many investigations of the dynamic responses of tires. In this paper, we present new formulations for the prediction of tire tread vibrations below 150 Hz using a three-dimensional flexible ring-based model. The ring represents the tread including the belt, and the springs represent the tire sidewall stiffness. The equations of motion for lateral, longitudinal, and radial vibration on the tread are derived based on the assumption of inextensional deformation. Many of the associated numerical parameters are identified from experimental tests. Unlike most studies of flexible ring models, which mainly discussed radial and circumferential vibration, this study presents steady response functions concerning not only radial and circumferential but also lateral vibration using the three-dimensional flexible ring-based model. The results of impact tests described confirm the theoretical findings. The results show reasonable agreement with the predictions.

Astrometry and Geostationary Satellites in Venezuela

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lacruz, E.; Abad, C.

2015-10-01

We present the current status and the first results of the astrometric project CIDA - ABAE for tracking geo-stationary satellites. This project aims to determine a preliminary orbit for the Venezuelan satellite VENESAT-1, using astrometric positions obtained from an optical telescope. The results presented here are based on observations from the Luepa space tracking ground station in Venezuela, which were processed using astrometric procedures.

Global Kalman filter approaches to estimate absolute angles of lower limb segments.

PubMed

Nogueira, Samuel L; Lambrecht, Stefan; Inoue, Roberto S; Bortole, Magdo; Montagnoli, Arlindo N; Moreno, Juan C; Rocon, Eduardo; Terra, Marco H; Siqueira, Adriano A G; Pons, Jose L

2017-05-16

In this paper we propose the use of global Kalman filters (KFs) to estimate absolute angles of lower limb segments. Standard approaches adopt KFs to improve the performance of inertial sensors based on individual link configurations. In consequence, for a multi-body system like a lower limb exoskeleton, the inertial measurements of one link (e.g., the shank) are not taken into account in other link angle estimations (e.g., foot). Global KF approaches, on the other hand, correlate the collective contribution of all signals from lower limb segments observed in the state-space model through the filtering process. We present a novel global KF (matricial global KF) relying only on inertial sensor data, and validate both this KF and a previously presented global KF (Markov Jump Linear Systems, MJLS-based KF), which fuses data from inertial sensors and encoders from an exoskeleton. We furthermore compare both methods to the commonly used local KF. The results indicate that the global KFs performed significantly better than the local KF, with an average root mean square error (RMSE) of respectively 0.942° for the MJLS-based KF, 1.167° for the matrical global KF, and 1.202° for the local KFs. Including the data from the exoskeleton encoders also resulted in a significant increase in performance. The results indicate that the current practice of using KFs based on local models is suboptimal. Both the presented KF based on inertial sensor data, as well our previously presented global approach fusing inertial sensor data with data from exoskeleton encoders, were superior to local KFs. We therefore recommend to use global KFs for gait analysis and exoskeleton control.

Electrically pumped graphene-based Landau-level laser

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brem, Samuel; Wendler, Florian; Winnerl, Stephan; Malic, Ermin

2018-03-01

Graphene exhibits a nonequidistant Landau quantization with tunable Landau-level (LL) transitions in the technologically desired terahertz spectral range. Here, we present a strategy for an electrically driven terahertz laser based on Landau-quantized graphene as the gain medium. Performing microscopic modeling of the coupled electron, phonon, and photon dynamics in such a laser, we reveal that an inter-LL population inversion can be achieved resulting in the emission of coherent terahertz radiation. The presented paper provides a concrete recipe for the experimental realization of tunable graphene-based terahertz laser systems.

An Agent-Based Model for Studying Child Maltreatment and Child Maltreatment Prevention

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Xiaolin; Puddy, Richard W.

This paper presents an agent-based model that simulates the dynamics of child maltreatment and child maltreatment prevention. The developed model follows the principles of complex systems science and explicitly models a community and its families with multi-level factors and interconnections across the social ecology. This makes it possible to experiment how different factors and prevention strategies can affect the rate of child maltreatment. We present the background of this work and give an overview of the agent-based model and show some simulation results.

Training for vigilance on the move: a video game-based paradigm for sustained attention.

PubMed

Szalma, J L; Daly, T N; Teo, G W L; Hancock, G M; Hancock, P A

2018-04-01

The capacity for superior vigilance can be trained by using knowledge of results (KR). Our present experiments demonstrate the efficacy of such training using a first-person perspective movement videogame-based platform in samples of students and Soldiers. Effectiveness was assessed by manipulating KR during a training phase and withdrawing it in a subsequent transfer phase. Relative to a no KR control condition, KR systematically improved performance for both Soldiers and students. These results build upon our previous findings that demonstrated that a video game-based platform can be used to create a movement-centred sustained attention task with important elements of traditional vigilance. The results indicate that KR effects in sustained attention extend to a first person perspective movement based paradigm, and that these effects occur in professional military as well as a more general population. Such sustained attention training can save lives and the present findings demonstrate one particular avenue to achieve this goal. Practitioner Summary: Sustained attention can be trained by means of knowledge of results using a videogame-based platform with samples of students and Soldiers. Four experiments demonstrate that a dynamic, first-person perspective video game environment can serve to support effective sustained attention training in professional military as well as a more general population.

Gaming against medical errors: methods and results from a design game on CPOE.

PubMed

Kanstrup, Anne Marie; Nøhr, Christian

2009-01-01

The paper presents design game as a technique for participatory design for a Computerized Decision Support System (CDSS) for minimizing medical errors. Design game is used as a technique for working with the skills of users, the complexity of the use practice and the negotiation of design here within the challenging domain of medication. The paper presents a developed design game based on game inspiration from a computer game, theoretical inspiration on electronic decision support, and empirical grounding in scenarios of medical errors. The game has been played in a two-hour workshop with six clinicians. The result is presented as a list of central themes for design of CDSS and derived design principles from these themes. These principles are currently under further exploration in follow up prototype based activities.

Regional Differences in Demand for Coal as A Basis for Development of A Product Distribution Model for Mining Companies in the Individual Customers Segment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Magda, Roman; Bogacz, Paweł; Franik, Tadeusz; Celej, Maciej; Migza, Marcin

2014-10-01

The article presents a proposal of methodology based on the process of relationship marketing, serving to determine the level of demand for coal in the individual customer segment, as well as fuel distribution model for this customer group in Poland developed on the basis of this methodology. It also includes selected results of tests carried out using the proposed methods. These proposals have been defined on the basis of market capacity indicators, which can be determined for the district level based on data from the Polish Central Statistical Office. The study also included the use of linear programming, based on the cost of coal logistics, data concerning railway, road and storage infrastructure present on the Polish market and taking into account the legal aspects. The presented results may provide a basis for mining companies to develop a system of coal distribution management in the locations with the highest demand values.

Comparison of ground-based and Viking Orbiter measurements of Martian water vapor - Variability of the seasonal cycle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jakosky, B. M.; Barker, E. S.

1984-01-01

Earth-based observations of Mars atmospheric water vapor are presented for the 1975-1976, 1977-1978, and 1983 apparitions. Comparisons are made with near-simultaneous spacecraft measurements made from the Viking Orbiter Mars Atmospheric Water Detection experiment during 1976-1978 and with previous earth-based measurements. Differences occur between the behavior in the different years, and may be related to the Mars climate. Measurements during the southern summer in 1969 indicate a factor of three times as much water as is present at this same season in other years. This difference may have resulted from the sublimation of water from the south polar residual cap upon removal of most or all of the CO2 ice present; sublimation of all of the CO2 ice during some years could be a result of a greater thermal load being placed on the cap due to the presence of differing amounts of atmospheric dust.

The application of hybrid artificial intelligence systems for forecasting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lees, Brian; Corchado, Juan

1999-03-01

The results to date are presented from an ongoing investigation, in which the aim is to combine the strengths of different artificial intelligence methods into a single problem solving system. The premise underlying this research is that a system which embodies several cooperating problem solving methods will be capable of achieving better performance than if only a single method were employed. The work has so far concentrated on the combination of case-based reasoning and artificial neural networks. The relative merits of artificial neural networks and case-based reasoning problem solving paradigms, and their combination are discussed. The integration of these two AI problem solving methods in a hybrid systems architecture, such that the neural network provides support for learning from past experience in the case-based reasoning cycle, is then presented. The approach has been applied to the task of forecasting the variation of physical parameters of the ocean. Results obtained so far from tests carried out in the dynamic oceanic environment are presented.

Comparison of flying qualities derived from in-flight and ground-based simulators for a jet-transport airplane for the approach and landing pilot tasks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grantham, William D.

1989-01-01

The primary objective was to provide information to the flight controls/flying qualities engineer that will assist him in determining the incremental flying qualities and/or pilot-performance differences that may be expected between results obtained via ground-based simulation (and, in particular, the six-degree-of-freedom Langley Visual/Motion Simulator (VMS)) and flight tests. Pilot opinion and performance parameters derived from a ground-based simulator and an in-flight simulator are compared for a jet-transport airplane having 32 different longitudinal dynamic response characteristics. The primary pilot tasks were the approach and landing tasks with emphasis on the landing-flare task. The results indicate that, in general, flying qualities results obtained from the ground-based simulator may be considered conservative-especially when the pilot task requires tight pilot control as during the landing flare. The one exception to this, according to the present study, was that the pilots were more tolerant of large time delays in the airplane response on the ground-based simulator. The results also indicated that the ground-based simulator (particularly the Langley VMS) is not adequate for assessing pilot/vehicle performance capabilities (i.e., the sink rate performance for the landing-flare task when the pilot has little depth/height perception from the outside scene presentation).

A robust coding scheme for packet video

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, Y. C.; Sayood, Khalid; Nelson, D. J.

1991-01-01

We present a layered packet video coding algorithm based on a progressive transmission scheme. The algorithm provides good compression and can handle significant packet loss with graceful degradation in the reconstruction sequence. Simulation results for various conditions are presented.

A robust coding scheme for packet video

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, Yun-Chung; Sayood, Khalid; Nelson, Don J.

1992-01-01

A layered packet video coding algorithm based on a progressive transmission scheme is presented. The algorithm provides good compression and can handle significant packet loss with graceful degradation in the reconstruction sequence. Simulation results for various conditions are presented.

Model-Based Development of Automotive Electronic Climate Control Software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kakade, Rupesh; Murugesan, Mohan; Perugu, Bhupal; Nair, Mohanan

With increasing complexity of software in today's products, writing and maintaining thousands of lines of code is a tedious task. Instead, an alternative methodology must be employed. Model-based development is one candidate that offers several benefits and allows engineers to focus on the domain of their expertise than writing huge codes. In this paper, we discuss the application of model-based development to the electronic climate control software of vehicles. The back-to-back testing approach is presented that ensures flawless and smooth transition from legacy designs to the model-based development. Simulink report generator to create design documents from the models is presented along with its usage to run the simulation model and capture the results into the test report. Test automation using model-based development tool that support the use of unique set of test cases for several testing levels and the test procedure that is independent of software and hardware platform is also presented.

Discovering shared segments on the migration route of the bar-headed goose by time-based plane-sweeping trajectory clustering

USGS Publications Warehouse

Luo, Ze; Baoping, Yan; Takekawa, John Y.; Prosser, Diann J.

2012-01-01

We propose a new method to help ornithologists and ecologists discover shared segments on the migratory pathway of the bar-headed geese by time-based plane-sweeping trajectory clustering. We present a density-based time parameterized line segment clustering algorithm, which extends traditional comparable clustering algorithms from temporal and spatial dimensions. We present a time-based plane-sweeping trajectory clustering algorithm to reveal the dynamic evolution of spatial-temporal object clusters and discover common motion patterns of bar-headed geese in the process of migration. Experiments are performed on GPS-based satellite telemetry data from bar-headed geese and results demonstrate our algorithms can correctly discover shared segments of the bar-headed geese migratory pathway. We also present findings on the migratory behavior of bar-headed geese determined from this new analytical approach.

Base Pressure at Supersonic Speeds on Two-dimensional Airfoils and on Bodies of Revolution with and Without Fins Having Turbulent Boundary Layers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

LOVE EUGENE S

1957-01-01

An analysis has been made of available experimental data to show the effects of most of the variables that are more predominant in determining base pressure at supersonic speeds. The analysis covers base pressures for two-dimensional airfoils and for bodies of revolution with and without stabilizing fins and is restricted to turbulent boundary layers. The present status of available experimental information is summarized as are the existing methods for predicting base pressure. A simple semiempirical method is presented for estimating base pressure. For two-dimensional bases, this method stems from an analogy established between the base-pressure phenomena and the peak pressure rise associated with the separation of the boundary layer. An analysis made for axially symmetric flow indicates that the base pressure for bodies of revolution is subject to the same analogy. Based upon the methods presented, estimations are made of such effects as Mach number, angle of attack, boattailing, fineness ratio, and fins. These estimations give fair predictions of experimental results. (author)

Design of integration-ready metasurface-based infrared absorbers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ogando, Karim, E-mail: karim@cab.cnea.gov.ar; Pastoriza, Hernán

2015-07-28

We introduce an integration ready design of metamaterial infrared absorber, highly compatible with many kinds of fabrication processes. We present the results of an exhaustive experimental characterization, including an analysis of the effects of single meta-atom geometrical parameters and collective arrangement. We confront the results with the theoretical interpretations proposed in the literature. Based on the results, we develop a set of practical design rules for metamaterial absorbers in the infrared region.

Modified teaching approach for an enhanced medical physics graduate education experience

PubMed Central

Rutel, IB

2011-01-01

Lecture-based teaching promotes a passive interaction with students. Opportunities to modify this format are available to enhance the overall learning experience for both students and instructors. The description for a discussion-based learning format is presented as it applies to a graduate curriculum with technical (formal mathematical derivation) topics. The presented hybrid method involves several techniques, including problem-based learning, modeling, and online lectures, eliminating didactic lectures. The results from an end-of-course evaluation show that the students appear to prefer the modified format over the more traditional methodology of “lecture only” contact time. These results are motivation for further refinement and continued implementation of the described methodology in the current course and potentially other courses within the department graduate curriculum. PMID:22279505

Parametric pendulum based wave energy converter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yurchenko, Daniil; Alevras, Panagiotis

2018-01-01

The paper investigates the dynamics of a novel wave energy converter based on the parametrically excited pendulum. The herein developed concept of the parametric pendulum allows reducing the influence of the gravity force thereby significantly improving the device performance at a regular sea state, which could not be achieved in the earlier proposed original point-absorber design. The suggested design of a wave energy converter achieves a dominant rotational motion without any additional mechanisms, like a gearbox, or any active control involvement. Presented numerical results of deterministic and stochastic modeling clearly reflect the advantage of the proposed design. A set of experimental results confirms the numerical findings and validates the new design of a parametric pendulum based wave energy converter. Power harvesting potential of the novel device is also presented.

Soft computing-based terrain visual sensing and data fusion for unmanned ground robotic systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shirkhodaie, Amir

2006-05-01

In this paper, we have primarily discussed technical challenges and navigational skill requirements of mobile robots for traversability path planning in natural terrain environments similar to Mars surface terrains. We have described different methods for detection of salient terrain features based on imaging texture analysis techniques. We have also presented three competing techniques for terrain traversability assessment of mobile robots navigating in unstructured natural terrain environments. These three techniques include: a rule-based terrain classifier, a neural network-based terrain classifier, and a fuzzy-logic terrain classifier. Each proposed terrain classifier divides a region of natural terrain into finite sub-terrain regions and classifies terrain condition exclusively within each sub-terrain region based on terrain visual clues. The Kalman Filtering technique is applied for aggregative fusion of sub-terrain assessment results. The last two terrain classifiers are shown to have remarkable capability for terrain traversability assessment of natural terrains. We have conducted a comparative performance evaluation of all three terrain classifiers and presented the results in this paper.

Evaluation of modal pushover-based scaling of one component of ground motion: Tall buildings

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kalkan, Erol; Chopra, Anil K.

2012-01-01

Nonlinear response history analysis (RHA) is now increasingly used for performance-based seismic design of tall buildings. Required for nonlinear RHAs is a set of ground motions selected and scaled appropriately so that analysis results would be accurate (unbiased) and efficient (having relatively small dispersion). This paper evaluates accuracy and efficiency of recently developed modal pushover–based scaling (MPS) method to scale ground motions for tall buildings. The procedure presented explicitly considers structural strength and is based on the standard intensity measure (IM) of spectral acceleration in a form convenient for evaluating existing structures or proposed designs for new structures. Based on results presented for two actual buildings (19 and 52 stories, respectively), it is demonstrated that the MPS procedure provided a highly accurate estimate of the engineering demand parameters (EDPs), accompanied by significantly reduced record-to-record variability of the responses. In addition, the MPS procedure is shown to be superior to the scaling procedure specified in the ASCE/SEI 7-05 document.

The effect of visual representation style in problem-solving: a perspective from cognitive processes.

PubMed

Nyamsuren, Enkhbold; Taatgen, Niels A

2013-01-01

Using results from a controlled experiment and simulations based on cognitive models, we show that visual presentation style can have a significant impact on performance in a complex problem-solving task. We compared subject performances in two isomorphic, but visually different, tasks based on a card game of SET. Although subjects used the same strategy in both tasks, the difference in presentation style resulted in radically different reaction times and significant deviations in scanpath patterns in the two tasks. Results from our study indicate that low-level subconscious visual processes, such as differential acuity in peripheral vision and low-level iconic memory, can have indirect, but significant effects on decision making during a problem-solving task. We have developed two ACT-R models that employ the same basic strategy but deal with different presentations styles. Our ACT-R models confirm that changes in low-level visual processes triggered by changes in presentation style can propagate to higher-level cognitive processes. Such a domino effect can significantly affect reaction times and eye movements, without affecting the overall strategy of problem solving.

The Effect of Visual Representation Style in Problem-Solving: A Perspective from Cognitive Processes

PubMed Central

Nyamsuren, Enkhbold; Taatgen, Niels A.

2013-01-01

Using results from a controlled experiment and simulations based on cognitive models, we show that visual presentation style can have a significant impact on performance in a complex problem-solving task. We compared subject performances in two isomorphic, but visually different, tasks based on a card game of SET. Although subjects used the same strategy in both tasks, the difference in presentation style resulted in radically different reaction times and significant deviations in scanpath patterns in the two tasks. Results from our study indicate that low-level subconscious visual processes, such as differential acuity in peripheral vision and low-level iconic memory, can have indirect, but significant effects on decision making during a problem-solving task. We have developed two ACT-R models that employ the same basic strategy but deal with different presentations styles. Our ACT-R models confirm that changes in low-level visual processes triggered by changes in presentation style can propagate to higher-level cognitive processes. Such a domino effect can significantly affect reaction times and eye movements, without affecting the overall strategy of problem solving. PMID:24260415

A Depolarisation Lidar Based Method for the Determination of Liquid-Cloud Microphysical Properties.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donovan, D. P.; Klein Baltink, H.; Henzing, J. S.; De Roode, S. R.; Siebesma, P.

2014-12-01

The fact that polarisation lidars measure a multiple-scattering induced depolarisation signal in liquid clouds is well-known. The depolarisation signal depends on the lidar characteristics (e.g. wavelength and field-of-view) as well as the cloud properties (e.g. liquid water content (LWC) and cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC)). Previous efforts seeking to use depolarisation information in a quantitative manner to retrieve cloud properties have been undertaken with, arguably, limited practical success. In this work we present a retrieval procedure applicable to clouds with (quasi-)linear LWC profiles and (quasi-)constant CDNC in the cloud base region. Limiting the applicability of the procedure in this manner allows us to reduce the cloud variables to two parameters (namely liquid water content lapse-rate and the CDNC). This simplification, in turn, allows us to employ a robust optimal-estimation inversion using pre-computed look-up-tables produced using lidar Monte-Carlo multiple-scattering simulations. Here, we describe the theory behind the inversion procedure and apply it to simulated observations based on large-eddy simulation model output. The inversion procedure is then applied to actual depolarisation lidar data covering to a range of cases taken from the Cabauw measurement site in the central Netherlands. The lidar results were then used to predict the corresponding cloud-base region radar reflectivities. In non-drizzling condition, it was found that the lidar inversion results can be used to predict the observed radar reflectivities with an accuracy within the radar calibration uncertainty (2-3 dBZ). This result strongly supports the accuracy of the lidar inversion results. Results of a comparison between ground-based aerosol number concentration and lidar-derived CDNC are also presented. The results are seen to be consistent with previous studies based on aircraft-based in situ measurements.

A critical analysis of the degree of conversion of resin-based luting cements

PubMed Central

NORONHA FILHO, Jaime Dutra; BRANDÃO, Natasha Lamego; POSKUS, Laiza Tatiana; GUIMARÃES, José Guilherme Antunes; da SILVA, Eduardo Moreira

2010-01-01

Objective This study analyzed the degree of conversion (DC%) of four resin-based cements (All Ceram, Enforce, Rely X ARC and Variolink II) activated by two modes (chemical and dual), and evaluated the decrease of DC% in the dual mode promoted by the interposition of a 2.0-mm-thick IPS Empress 2 disc. Material and Methods In the chemical activation, the resin-based cements were prepared by mixing equal amounts of base and catalyst pastes. In the dual activation, after mixing, the cements were light-activated at 650 mW/cm2 for 40 s. In a third group, the cements were lightactivated through a 2.0-mm-thick IPS Empress 2 disc. The DC% was evaluated in a FT-IR spectrometer equipped with an attenuated total reflectance crystal (ATR). The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. Results For all resin-based cements, the DC% was significantly higher with dual activation, followed by dual activation through IPS Empress 2, and chemical activation (p<0.05). Irrespective of the activation mode, Rely X presented the highest DC% (p<0.05). Chemically activated Variolink and All Ceram showed the worst results (p<0.05). The DC% decreased significantly when activation was performed through a 2.0-mm-thick IPS Empress 2 disc (p<0.05). Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that resin-based cements could present low DC% when the materials are dually activated through 2.0 mm of reinforced ceramic materials with translucency equal to or less than that of IPS-Empress 2. PMID:21085798

An Investigation of the Potential for a Computer-based Tutorial Program Covering the Cardiovascular System to Replace Traditional Lectures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dewhurst, D. G.; Williams, A. D.

1998-01-01

Presents the results of a comparative study to evaluate the effectiveness of two interactive computer-based learning (CBL) programs, covering the cardiovascular system, as an alternative to lectures for first year undergraduate students at a United Kingdom University. Discusses results in relation to the design of evaluative studies and the future…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ellingson, W.A.

This broad-base materials engineering program, begun in October 1974, includes studies on both ceramic (refractory) and metallic materials presently being used or intended for use in coal-conversion systems. Appropriate laboratory and field experiments are integrated such that the results have immediate impact on the present pilot-plant and proposed demonstration-plant designs. The report presents the technical accomplishments.

Performance Comparison of HPF and MPI Based NAS Parallel Benchmarks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Saini, Subhash

1997-01-01

Compilers supporting High Performance Form (HPF) features first appeared in late 1994 and early 1995 from Applied Parallel Research (APR), Digital Equipment Corporation, and The Portland Group (PGI). IBM introduced an HPF compiler for the IBM RS/6000 SP2 in April of 1996. Over the past two years, these implementations have shown steady improvement in terms of both features and performance. The performance of various hardware/ programming model (HPF and MPI) combinations will be compared, based on latest NAS Parallel Benchmark results, thus providing a cross-machine and cross-model comparison. Specifically, HPF based NPB results will be compared with MPI based NPB results to provide perspective on performance currently obtainable using HPF versus MPI or versus hand-tuned implementations such as those supplied by the hardware vendors. In addition, we would also present NPB, (Version 1.0) performance results for the following systems: DEC Alpha Server 8400 5/440, Fujitsu CAPP Series (VX, VPP300, and VPP700), HP/Convex Exemplar SPP2000, IBM RS/6000 SP P2SC node (120 MHz), NEC SX-4/32, SGI/CRAY T3E, and SGI Origin2000. We would also present sustained performance per dollar for Class B LU, SP and BT benchmarks.

Estimating consumer familiarity with health terminology: a context-based approach.

PubMed

Zeng-Treitler, Qing; Goryachev, Sergey; Tse, Tony; Keselman, Alla; Boxwala, Aziz

2008-01-01

Effective health communication is often hindered by a "vocabulary gap" between language familiar to consumers and jargon used in medical practice and research. To present health information to consumers in a comprehensible fashion, we need to develop a mechanism to quantify health terms as being more likely or less likely to be understood by typical members of the lay public. Prior research has used approaches including syllable count, easy word list, and frequency count, all of which have significant limitations. In this article, we present a new method that predicts consumer familiarity using contextual information. The method was applied to a large query log data set and validated using results from two previously conducted consumer surveys. We measured the correlation between the survey result and the context-based prediction, syllable count, frequency count, and log normalized frequency count. The correlation coefficient between the context-based prediction and the survey result was 0.773 (p < 0.001), which was higher than the correlation coefficients between the survey result and the syllable count, frequency count, and log normalized frequency count (p < or = 0.012). The context-based approach provides a good alternative to the existing term familiarity assessment methods.

A high-throughput method for GMO multi-detection using a microfluidic dynamic array.

PubMed

Brod, Fábio Cristiano Angonesi; van Dijk, Jeroen P; Voorhuijzen, Marleen M; Dinon, Andréia Zilio; Guimarães, Luis Henrique S; Scholtens, Ingrid M J; Arisi, Ana Carolina Maisonnave; Kok, Esther J

2014-02-01

The ever-increasing production of genetically modified crops generates a demand for high-throughput DNA-based methods for the enforcement of genetically modified organisms (GMO) labelling requirements. The application of standard real-time PCR will become increasingly costly with the growth of the number of GMOs that is potentially present in an individual sample. The present work presents the results of an innovative approach in genetically modified crops analysis by DNA based methods, which is the use of a microfluidic dynamic array as a high throughput multi-detection system. In order to evaluate the system, six test samples with an increasing degree of complexity were prepared, preamplified and subsequently analysed in the Fluidigm system. Twenty-eight assays targeting different DNA elements, GM events and species-specific reference genes were used in the experiment. The large majority of the assays tested presented expected results. The power of low level detection was assessed and elements present at concentrations as low as 0.06 % were successfully detected. The approach proposed in this work presents the Fluidigm system as a suitable and promising platform for GMO multi-detection.

The historical record for Sirius - Evidence for a white-dwarf thermonuclear runaway?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bruhweiler, Frederick C.; Kondo, Yoji; Sion, Edward M.

1986-01-01

Evidence was recently presented that in medieval times Sirius was a bright red star, rather than the present bluish-white star. Here, the results of attempts to detect possible planetary nebula ejecta toward Sirius using data obtained by the IUE are presented. Based on these results and in the light of recent advances in understanding white-dwarf evolution, it is proposed that Sirius B underwent a recent thermonuclear runaway event triggered by a diffusion-induced CN reaction.

Grazing systems research: Focusing on the managers-introduction

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Translating experimental results into management guidelines or as bases for specific decisions presents a substantial challenge for scientists, advisors and land managers. While inductive reasoning can be a valuable tool in developing general guidelines, particular wholly science-based relationships...

Development, evaluation and application of performance-based brake testing technologies field test : executive summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-09-01

This report presents the results of the field test portion of the Development, Evaluation, and Application of Performance-Based Brake Testing Technologies sponsored by the Federal Highway Administrations (FHWA) Office of Motor Carriers.

Future View: Web Navigation based on Learning User's Browsing Strategy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nagino, Norikatsu; Yamada, Seiji

In this paper, we propose a Future View system that assists user's usual Web browsing. The Future View will prefetch Web pages based on user's browsing strategies and present them to a user in order to assist Web browsing. To learn user's browsing strategy, the Future View uses two types of learning classifier systems: a content-based classifier system for contents change patterns and an action-based classifier system for user's action patterns. The results of learning is applied to crawling by Web robots, and the gathered Web pages are presented to a user through a Web browser interface. We experimentally show effectiveness of navigation using the Future View.

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RICE BRAN WAX AS OINTMENT BASE

PubMed Central

Bhalekar, M; Manish, Lavhale; Krishna, Sini

2004-01-01

Rice Bran wax is obtained from natural sources and is abundantly available in the country. Rice bran wax is suitable for use in chocolate enrobes, as an enteric coating for candy and lozenges, as a plasticizing material in chewing gums etc. Present study attempts to find if rice bran wax is useful as ointment base. The oleaginous type ointment base is prepared by using rice bran wax and evaluated for speardabililty, water number and active ingredient diffusibility. The results obtained in the present study indicate, rice bran wax can be used as a good component in ointment base, comparable with white wax. PMID:22557151

Data base management study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Data base management techniques and applicable equipment are described. Recommendations which will assist potential NASA data users in selecting and using appropriate data base management tools and techniques are presented. Classes of currently available data processing equipment ranging from basic terminals to large minicomputer systems were surveyed as they apply to the needs of potential SEASAT data users. Cost and capabilities projections for this equipment through 1985 were presented. A test of a typical data base management system was described, as well as the results of this test and recommendations to assist potential users in determining when such a system is appropriate for their needs. The representative system tested was UNIVAC's DMS 1100.

A web based tool for storing and visualising data generated within a smart home.

PubMed

McDonald, H A; Nugent, C D; Moore, G; Finlay, D D; Hallberg, J

2011-01-01

There is a growing need to re-assess the current approaches available to researchers for storing and managing heterogeneous data generated within a smart home environment. In our current work we have developed the homeML Application; a web based tool to support researchers engaged in the area of smart home research as they perform experiments. Within this paper the homeML Application is presented which includes the fundamental components of the homeML Repository and the homeML Toolkit. Results from a usability study conducted by 10 computer science researchers are presented; the initial results of which have been positive.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rizzi, Silvio; Hereld, Mark; Insley, Joseph

In this work we perform in-situ visualization of molecular dynamics simulations, which can help scientists to visualize simulation output on-the-fly, without incurring storage overheads. We present a case study to couple LAMMPS, the large-scale molecular dynamics simulation code with vl3, our parallel framework for large-scale visualization and analysis. Our motivation is to identify effective approaches for covisualization and exploration of large-scale atomistic simulations at interactive frame rates.We propose a system of coupled libraries and describe its architecture, with an implementation that runs on GPU-based clusters. We present the results of strong and weak scalability experiments, as well as future researchmore » avenues based on our results.« less

Comparison between two methodologies for urban drainage decision aid.

PubMed

Moura, P M; Baptista, M B; Barraud, S

2006-01-01

The objective of the present work is to compare two methodologies based on multicriteria analysis for the evaluation of stormwater systems. The first methodology was developed in Brazil and is based on performance-cost analysis, the second one is ELECTRE III. Both methodologies were applied to a case study. Sensitivity and robustness analyses were then carried out. These analyses demonstrate that both methodologies have equivalent results, and present low sensitivity and high robustness. These results prove that the Brazilian methodology is consistent and can be used safely in order to select a good solution or a small set of good solutions that could be compared with more detailed methods afterwards.

Single-channel stereoscopic ophthalmology microscope based on TRD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Radfar, Edalat; Park, Jihoon; Lee, Sangyeob; Ha, Myungjin; Yu, Sungkon; Jang, Seulki; Jung, Byungjo

2016-03-01

A stereoscopic imaging modality was developed for the application of ophthalmology surgical microscopes. A previous study has already introduced a single-channel stereoscopic video imaging modality based on a transparent rotating deflector (SSVIM-TRD), in which two different view angles, image disparity, are generated by imaging through a transparent rotating deflector (TRD) mounted on a stepping motor and is placed in a lens system. In this case, the image disparity is a function of the refractive index and the rotation angle of TRD. Real-time single-channel stereoscopic ophthalmology microscope (SSOM) based on the TRD is improved by real-time controlling and programming, imaging speed, and illumination method. Image quality assessments were performed to investigate images quality and stability during the TRD operation. Results presented little significant difference in image quality in terms of stability of structural similarity (SSIM). A subjective analysis was performed with 15 blinded observers to evaluate the depth perception improvement and presented significant improvement in the depth perception capability. Along with all evaluation results, preliminary results of rabbit eye imaging presented that the SSOM could be utilized as an ophthalmic operating microscopes to overcome some of the limitations of conventional ones.

Psyche: State of Knowledge from Ground-Based Observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reddy, V.; Shepard, M. K.; Takir, D.; Sanchez, J. A.; Richardson, J.; Emery, J. P.; Taylor, P. A.

2017-07-01

We present results from a multi-year campaign to characterize asteroid (16) Psyche, the target of NASA Discovery mission. Our results suggest that Psyche is covered with exogenic carbonaceous impactor similar to Vesta.

Oscillating flow loss test results in Stirling engine heat exchangers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Koester, G.; Howell, S.; Wood, G.; Miller, E.; Gedeon, D.

1990-01-01

The results are presented for a test program designed to generate a database of oscillating flow loss information that is applicable to Stirling engine heat exchangers. The tests were performed on heater/cooler tubes of various lengths and entrance/exit configurations, on stacked and sintered screen regenerators of various wire diameters and on Brunswick and Metex random fiber regenerators. The test results were performed over a range of oscillating flow parameters consistent with Stirling engine heat exchanger experience. The tests were performed on the Sunpower oscillating flow loss rig which is based on a variable stroke and variable frequency linear drive motor. In general, the results are presented by comparing the measured oscillating flow losses to the calculated flow losses. The calculated losses are based on the cycle integration of steady flow friction factors and entrance/exit loss coefficients.

New Mexico’s forest resources, 2008-2014

Treesearch

Sara A. Goeking; Jim Menlove

2017-01-01

This report presents a summary of the most recent inventory of New Mexico’s forests based on field data collected between 2008 and 2014. The results presented here summarize a complete cycle of New Mexico’s forest inventory, or 10 years’ worth of data collection, whereas the previous report was based only on 9 years’ worth of data collected under an accelerated...

P7-S Combining Workflow-Based Project Organization with Protein-Dependant Data Retrieval for the Retrieval of Extensive Proteome Information

PubMed Central

Glandorf, J.; Thiele, H.; Macht, M.; Vorm, O.; Podtelejnikov, A.

2007-01-01

In the course of a full-scale proteomics experiment, the handling of the data as well as the retrieval of the relevant information from the results is a major challenge due to the massive amount of generated data (gel images, chromatograms, and spectra) as well as associated result information (sequences, literature, etc.). To obtain meaningful information from these data, one has to filter the results in an easy way. Possibilities to do so can be based on GO terms or structural features such as transmembrane domains, involvement in certain pathways, etc. In this presentation we will show how a combination of a software package with a workflow-based result organization (Bruker ProteinScape) and a protein-centered data-mining software (Proxeon ProteinCenter) can assist in the comparison of the results from large projects, such as comparison of cross-platform results from 2D PAGE/MS with shotgun LC-ESI-MS/MS. We will present differences between different technologies and show how these differences can be easily identified and how they allow us to draw conclusions on the involved technologies.

A Systematic Review of Play-Based Interventions for Students with ADHD: Implications for School-Based Occupational Therapists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornell, Heidi R.; Lin, Tiffany Ting; Anderson, Jeffrey Alvin

2018-01-01

The results are presented from a systematic review of the literature that examined findings of published studies about play-based interventions for children and youth with ADHD. Guided by the research question, "What is the current status of evidence for using play-based interventions to improve outcomes for students with ADHD?," this…

Local alignment of two-base encoded DNA sequence

PubMed Central

Homer, Nils; Merriman, Barry; Nelson, Stanley F

2009-01-01

Background DNA sequence comparison is based on optimal local alignment of two sequences using a similarity score. However, some new DNA sequencing technologies do not directly measure the base sequence, but rather an encoded form, such as the two-base encoding considered here. In order to compare such data to a reference sequence, the data must be decoded into sequence. The decoding is deterministic, but the possibility of measurement errors requires searching among all possible error modes and resulting alignments to achieve an optimal balance of fewer errors versus greater sequence similarity. Results We present an extension of the standard dynamic programming method for local alignment, which simultaneously decodes the data and performs the alignment, maximizing a similarity score based on a weighted combination of errors and edits, and allowing an affine gap penalty. We also present simulations that demonstrate the performance characteristics of our two base encoded alignment method and contrast those with standard DNA sequence alignment under the same conditions. Conclusion The new local alignment algorithm for two-base encoded data has substantial power to properly detect and correct measurement errors while identifying underlying sequence variants, and facilitating genome re-sequencing efforts based on this form of sequence data. PMID:19508732

Poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) polymer electrolyte for paper-based and flexible battery applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aliahmad, Nojan; Shrestha, Sudhir; Varahramyan, Kody

2016-06-15

Paper-based batteries represent a new frontier in battery technology. However, low-flexibility and poor ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes have been major impediments in achieving practical mechanically flexible batteries. This work discuss new highly ionic conductive polymer gel electrolytes for paper-based battery applications. In this paper, we present a poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDH-HFP) porous membrane electrolyte enhanced with lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulphone)imide (LiTFSI) and lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP), with an ionic conductivity of 2.1 × 10{sup −3} S cm{sup −1}. Combining ceramic (LATP) with the gel structure of PVDF-HFP and LiTFSI ionic liquid harnesses benefits of ceramic and gel electrolytes in providingmore » flexible electrolytes with a high ionic conductivity. In a flexibility test experiment, bending the polymer electrolyte at 90° for 20 times resulted in 14% decrease in ionic conductivity. Efforts to further improving the flexibility of the presented electrolyte are ongoing. Using this electrolyte, full-cell batteries with lithium titanium oxide (LTO) and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) electrodes and (i) standard metallic current collectors and (ii) paper-based current collectors were fabricated and tested. The achieved specific capacities were (i) 123 mAh g{sup −1} for standard metallic current collectors and (ii) 99.5 mAh g{sup −1} for paper-based current collectors. Thus, the presented electrolyte has potential to become a viable candidate in paper-based and flexible battery applications. Fabrication methods, experimental procedures, and test results for the polymer gel electrolyte and batteries are presented and discussed.« less

Poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) polymer electrolyte for paper-based and flexible battery applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aliahmad, Nojan; Shrestha, Sudhir; Varahramyan, Kody; Agarwal, Mangilal

2016-06-01

Paper-based batteries represent a new frontier in battery technology. However, low-flexibility and poor ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes have been major impediments in achieving practical mechanically flexible batteries. This work discuss new highly ionic conductive polymer gel electrolytes for paper-based battery applications. In this paper, we present a poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDH-HFP) porous membrane electrolyte enhanced with lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulphone)imide (LiTFSI) and lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (LATP), with an ionic conductivity of 2.1 × 10-3 S cm-1. Combining ceramic (LATP) with the gel structure of PVDF-HFP and LiTFSI ionic liquid harnesses benefits of ceramic and gel electrolytes in providing flexible electrolytes with a high ionic conductivity. In a flexibility test experiment, bending the polymer electrolyte at 90° for 20 times resulted in 14% decrease in ionic conductivity. Efforts to further improving the flexibility of the presented electrolyte are ongoing. Using this electrolyte, full-cell batteries with lithium titanium oxide (LTO) and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) electrodes and (i) standard metallic current collectors and (ii) paper-based current collectors were fabricated and tested. The achieved specific capacities were (i) 123 mAh g-1 for standard metallic current collectors and (ii) 99.5 mAh g-1 for paper-based current collectors. Thus, the presented electrolyte has potential to become a viable candidate in paper-based and flexible battery applications. Fabrication methods, experimental procedures, and test results for the polymer gel electrolyte and batteries are presented and discussed.

Observing interactions between DNA bases using ion dip spectroscopy.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vries Mattanjah, De

2002-03-01

We investigate biomolecular building blocks and their clusters with each other and with water on a single molecular level. The motivation is the need to distinguish between intrinsic molecular properties and those that result from the biological environment. This is achieved by a combination of laser desorption and jet cooling, applied to aromatic amino acids, small peptides containing those, purine bases and nucleosides. This approach is coupled with a number of gas phase laser spectroscopic techniques. We will present results for DNA bases guanine, adenine, cytosine, and their derivatives, for which we obtained tautomer selected vibronic spectra. Capitalizing on these results we use these bases as chromophores to study interactions in single base pairs, obtained by formation of clusters of laser desorbed bases in a supersonic beam. For analysis we employ both UV/UV and IR/UV ion-dip spectroscopy, the results of which we compare with ab initio calculations.

A Window Into Clinical Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Oncology Testing Practices.

PubMed

Nagarajan, Rakesh; Bartley, Angela N; Bridge, Julia A; Jennings, Lawrence J; Kamel-Reid, Suzanne; Kim, Annette; Lazar, Alexander J; Lindeman, Neal I; Moncur, Joel; Rai, Alex J; Routbort, Mark J; Vasalos, Patricia; Merker, Jason D

2017-12-01

- Detection of acquired variants in cancer is a paradigm of precision medicine, yet little has been reported about clinical laboratory practices across a broad range of laboratories. - To use College of American Pathologists proficiency testing survey results to report on the results from surveys on next-generation sequencing-based oncology testing practices. - College of American Pathologists proficiency testing survey results from more than 250 laboratories currently performing molecular oncology testing were used to determine laboratory trends in next-generation sequencing-based oncology testing. - These presented data provide key information about the number of laboratories that currently offer or are planning to offer next-generation sequencing-based oncology testing. Furthermore, we present data from 60 laboratories performing next-generation sequencing-based oncology testing regarding specimen requirements and assay characteristics. The findings indicate that most laboratories are performing tumor-only targeted sequencing to detect single-nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions, using desktop sequencers and predesigned commercial kits. Despite these trends, a diversity of approaches to testing exists. - This information should be useful to further inform a variety of topics, including national discussions involving clinical laboratory quality systems, regulation and oversight of next-generation sequencing-based oncology testing, and precision oncology efforts in a data-driven manner.

Presentation planning using an integrated knowledge base

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arens, Yigal; Miller, Lawrence; Sondheimer, Norman

1988-01-01

A description is given of user interface research aimed at bringing together multiple input and output modes in a way that handles mixed mode input (commands, menus, forms, natural language), interacts with a diverse collection of underlying software utilities in a uniform way, and presents the results through a combination of output modes including natural language text, maps, charts and graphs. The system, Integrated Interfaces, derives much of its ability to interact uniformly with the user and the underlying services and to build its presentations, from the information present in a central knowledge base. This knowledge base integrates models of the application domain (Navy ships in the Pacific region, in the current demonstration version); the structure of visual displays and their graphical features; the underlying services (data bases and expert systems); and interface functions. The emphasis is on a presentation planner that uses the knowledge base to produce multi-modal output. There has been a flurry of recent work in user interface management systems. (Several recent examples are listed in the references). Existing work is characterized by an attempt to relieve the software designer of the burden of handcrafting an interface for each application. The work has generally focused on intelligently handling input. This paper deals with the other end of the pipeline - presentations.

The Demand and Supply of University-Based Executive Education. GMAC Occasional Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Terry R.; And Others

The results of a study of the market for university-based education programs for executives and managers is presented. Study objectives were to profile corporate use of various executive and management education programs, profile characteristics of university-based executive education programs currently offered, and identify trends and unmet needs…

Teachers' Facility with Evidence-Based Classroom Management Practices: An Investigation of Teachers' Preparation Programmes and In-Service Conditions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ficarra, Laura; Quinn, Kevin

2014-01-01

In the present investigation, teachers' self-reported knowledge and competency ratings for the evidence-based classroom management practices were analysed. Teachers also reflected on how they learned evidence-based classroom management practices. Results suggest that teachers working in schools that implement Positive Behavioural Interventions and…

A Multilevel Latent Growth Curve Approach to Predicting Student Proficiency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choi, Kilchan; Goldschmidt, Pete

2012-01-01

Value-added models and growth-based accountability aim to evaluate school's performance based on student growth in learning. The current focus is on linking the results from value-added models to the ones from growth-based accountability systems including Adequate Yearly Progress decisions mandated by No Child Left Behind. We present a new…

School-Based Mutual Support Groups for Low-Income Parents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simoni, Jane M.; Adelman, Howard S.

1993-01-01

School-based mutual support groups (MSGs) are proposed to enhance school involvement of parents from lower socioeconomic and ethnic minority backgrounds. A school-based MSG format is presented with results of a survey of interests from 62 parents (36 respondents and 26 nonrespondents) and a discussion of a pilot demonstration in 3 urban elementary…

Enhancing a Computer-Based Testing Environment with Optimum Item Response Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delen, Erhan

2015-01-01

As technology has become more advanced and accessible in instructional settings, there has been an upward trend in computer-based testing in the last decades. The present experimental study examines students' behaviors during computer-based testing in two different conditions and explores how these conditions affect the test results. Results…

Hearts and Minds: The Priority of Affective versus Cognitive Factors in Person Perception.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, Kari; Hippel, William von

1995-01-01

In two experiments, affect-based and cognition-based attitudes toward a person were induced by varying sequence of affective and cognitive information presented to subjects while holding content constant. Results indicated affect-based attitudes were most effectively changed by affective persuasive appeals, whether these appeals were produced by…

DNA bases ring-expanded with a cyclopentadiene free radical: a theoretical investigation of building blocks with diradical character.

PubMed

Zhao, Peiwen; Bu, Yuxiang

2016-01-14

In this work, we computationally design radical nucleobases which possess improved electronic properties, especially diradical properties through introducing a cyclopentadiene radical. We predict that the detailed electromagnetic features of base assemblies are based on the orientation of the extra five-membered cyclopentadiene ring. Broken symmetry DFT calculations take into account the relevant structures and properties. Our results reveal that both the radicalized DNA bases and the base pairs formed when they combine with their counterparts remain stable and display larger spin delocalization. The mode of embedding the cyclopentadiene free radical in the structures has some influence on the degree of π-conjugation, which results in various diradical characteristics. Single-layered radical base pairs all have an open-shell singlet ground state, but the energy difference between singlet and triplet is not significant. For two-layered radical base pairs, the situation is more complex. All of them have an open-shell state as their ground state, including an open-shell singlet state and an open-shell triplet state. That is, the majority of radical base pairs possess anti-ferromagnetic or ferromagnetic characteristics. We present here a more in-depth discussion and analyses to study the magnetic characteristics of radical bases and base pairs. As an important factor, two-layered radical base pairs also have been carefully analyzed. We hope that all the measurements and results presented here will stimulate further detailed insights into the related mechanisms in modified DNA bases and the design of better ring-expanded DNA magnetic materials.

Automated implementation of rule-based expert systems with neural networks for time-critical applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ramamoorthy, P. A.; Huang, Song; Govind, Girish

1991-01-01

In fault diagnosis, control and real-time monitoring, both timing and accuracy are critical for operators or machines to reach proper solutions or appropriate actions. Expert systems are becoming more popular in the manufacturing community for dealing with such problems. In recent years, neural networks have revived and their applications have spread to many areas of science and engineering. A method of using neural networks to implement rule-based expert systems for time-critical applications is discussed here. This method can convert a given rule-based system into a neural network with fixed weights and thresholds. The rules governing the translation are presented along with some examples. We also present the results of automated machine implementation of such networks from the given rule-base. This significantly simplifies the translation process to neural network expert systems from conventional rule-based systems. Results comparing the performance of the proposed approach based on neural networks vs. the classical approach are given. The possibility of very large scale integration (VLSI) realization of such neural network expert systems is also discussed.

Land Data Assimilation of Satellite-Based Soil Moisture Products Using the Land Information System Over the NLDAS Domain

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mocko, David M.; Kumar, S. V.; Peters-Lidard, C. D.; Tian, Y.

2011-01-01

This presentation will include results from data assimilation simulations using the NASA-developed Land Information System (LIS). Using the ensemble Kalman filter in LIS, two satellite-based soil moisture products from the AMSR-E instrument were assimilated, one a NASA-based product and the other from the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM). The domain and land-surface forcing data from these simulations were from the North American Land Data Assimilation System Phase-2, over the period 2002-2008. The Noah land-surface model, version 3.2, was used during the simulations. Changes to estimates of land surface states, such as soil moisture, as well as changes to simulated runoff/streamflow will be presented. Comparisons over the NLDAS domain will also be made to two global reference evapotranspiration (ET) products, one an interpolated product based on FLUXNET tower data and the other a satellite- based algorithm from the MODIS instrument. Results of an improvement metric show that assimilating the LPRM product improved simulated ET estimates while the NASA-based soil moisture product did not.

New model for burnout prediction in channels of various cross-section

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bobkov, V.P.; Kozina, N.V.; Vinogrado, V.N.

1995-09-01

The model developed to predict a critical heat flux (CHF) in various channels is presented together with the results of data analysis. A model is the realization of relative method of CHF describing based on the data for round tube and on the system of correction factors. The results of data description presented here are for rectangular and triangular channels, annuli and rod bundles.

A dc model for power switching transistors suitable for computer-aided design and analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, P. M.; George, R. T., Jr.; Owen, H. A.; Wilson, T. G.

1979-01-01

A model for bipolar junction power switching transistors whose parameters can be readily obtained by the circuit design engineer, and which can be conveniently incorporated into standard computer-based circuit analysis programs is presented. This formulation results from measurements which may be made with standard laboratory equipment. Measurement procedures, as well as a comparison between actual and computed results, are presented.

Latest CMB Measurement Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bock, James

2014-01-01

We have allocated time in this special session to capture the latest developments in balloon-borne and ground-based CMB measurements. The speaker for this oral presentation will be chosen at a later date in order to best highlight emerging results. This session also includes presentations from current CMB experiments in a parallel poster session. Time-permitting, the latest community plans for future CMB measurement facilities may also be discussed.

Recruiting Trends 1982-83. A Study of 637 Businesses, Industries, Government Agencies, and Educational Institutions Employing New College Graduates.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shingleton, John D.; Scheetz, L. Patrick

Results of the 1982-1983 Recruiting Trends Survey of Michigan State University are presented, based on a cross-section of 637 responding employers in business, industry, government, and education. After an overview of the findings, statistical tables and observations for each table are presented. Results indicate that the class of 1982-1983 will…

Thermoregulation in a naturally oil-contaminated Black-billed Murre Uria aalge

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jenssen, B.M.; Ekker, M.; Bech, C.

1985-07-01

The effect of oiled plumages on seabirds is considered to be reduced thermal insulation, with a resultant increase in metabolic rate. This conclusion is based on results from ducks with experimentally oil-contaminated plumages. In the present paper, data on body temperature, metabolic rate, and insulation in a Black-billed Murre (Uria aalge) contaminated during an oil-spill at sea are presented.

Application of scanning laser Doppler vibrometry for delamination detection in composite structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kudela, Pawel; Wandowski, Tomasz; Malinowski, Pawel; Ostachowicz, Wieslaw

2017-12-01

In this paper application of scanning laser Doppler vibrometry for delamination detection in composite structures was presented. Delamination detection was based on a guided wave propagation method. In this papers results from numerical and experimental research were presented. In the case of numerical research, the Spectral Element Method (SEM) was utilized, in which a mesh was composed of 3D spectral elements. SEM model included also a piezoelectric transducer. In the experimental research guided waves were excited using the piezoelectric transducer whereas the sensing process was conducted using scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV). Analysis of guided wave propagation and its interaction with delamination was based on a full wavefield approach. Attention was focused on interactions of guided waves with delamination manifested by A0 mode reflection, A0 mode entrapment, and S0/A0 mode conversion. Delamination was simulated by a teflon insert located between plies of composite material. Results of interaction with symmetrically and nonsymmetrical placed delamination (in respect to the composite sample thickness) were presented. Moreover, the authors investigated different size of delaminations. Damage detection was based on a new signal processing algorithm proposed by the authors. In this approach the weighted RMS was utilized selectively. It means that the summation in RMS formula was performed only for a specially selected time instances. Results for simple composite panels, panel with honeycomb core, and real stiffened composite panel from the aircraft were presented.

Interactions between space-based and feature-based attention.

PubMed

Leonard, Carly J; Balestreri, Angela; Luck, Steven J

2015-02-01

Although early research suggested that attention to nonspatial features (i.e., red) was confined to stimuli appearing at an attended spatial location, more recent research has emphasized the global nature of feature-based attention. For example, a distractor sharing a target feature may capture attention even if it occurs at a task-irrelevant location. Such findings have been used to argue that feature-based attention operates independently of spatial attention. However, feature-based attention may nonetheless interact with spatial attention, yielding larger feature-based effects at attended locations than at unattended locations. The present study tested this possibility. In 2 experiments, participants viewed a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream and identified a target letter defined by its color. Target-colored distractors were presented at various task-irrelevant locations during the RSVP stream. We found that feature-driven attentional capture effects were largest when the target-colored distractor was closer to the attended location. These results demonstrate that spatial attention modulates the strength of feature-based attention capture, calling into question the prior evidence that feature-based attention operates in a global manner that is independent of spatial attention.

Metamodel-based inverse method for parameter identification: elastic-plastic damage model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Changwu; El Hami, Abdelkhalak; Radi, Bouchaïb

2017-04-01

This article proposed a metamodel-based inverse method for material parameter identification and applies it to elastic-plastic damage model parameter identification. An elastic-plastic damage model is presented and implemented in numerical simulation. The metamodel-based inverse method is proposed in order to overcome the disadvantage in computational cost of the inverse method. In the metamodel-based inverse method, a Kriging metamodel is constructed based on the experimental design in order to model the relationship between material parameters and the objective function values in the inverse problem, and then the optimization procedure is executed by the use of a metamodel. The applications of the presented material model and proposed parameter identification method in the standard A 2017-T4 tensile test prove that the presented elastic-plastic damage model is adequate to describe the material's mechanical behaviour and that the proposed metamodel-based inverse method not only enhances the efficiency of parameter identification but also gives reliable results.

How are the Concepts and Theories of Acid Base Reactions Presented? Chemistry in Textbooks and as Presented by Teachers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Furió-Más, Carlos; Calatayud, María Luisa; Guisasola, Jenaro; Furió-Gómez, Cristina

2005-09-01

This paper investigates the views of science and scientific activity that can be found in chemistry textbooks and heard from teachers when acid base reactions are introduced to grade 12 and university chemistry students. First, the main macroscopic and microscopic conceptual models are developed. Second, we attempt to show how the existence of views of science in textbooks and of chemistry teachers contributes to an impoverished image of chemistry. A varied design has been elaborated to analyse some epistemological deficiencies in teaching acid base reactions. Textbooks have been analysed and teachers have been interviewed. The results obtained show that the teaching process does not emphasize the macroscopic presentation of acids and bases. Macroscopic and microscopic conceptual models involved in the explanation of acid base processes are mixed in textbooks and by teachers. Furthermore, the non-problematic introduction of concepts, such as the hydrolysis concept, and the linear, cumulative view of acid base theories (Arrhenius and Brönsted) were detected.

Autonomous formation flying based on GPS — PRISMA flight results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Amico, Simone; Ardaens, Jean-Sebastien; De Florio, Sergio

2013-01-01

This paper presents flight results from the early harvest of the Spaceborne Autonomous Formation Flying Experiment (SAFE) conducted in the frame of the Swedish PRISMA technology demonstration mission. SAFE represents one of the first demonstrations in low Earth orbit of an advanced guidance, navigation and control system for dual-spacecraft formations. Innovative techniques based on differential GPS-based navigation and relative orbital elements control are validated and tuned in orbit to fulfill the typical requirements of future distributed scientific instruments for remote sensing.

Water quality and quantity assessment of pervious pavements performance in experimental car park areas.

PubMed

Sañudo-Fontaneda, Luis A; Charlesworth, Susanne M; Castro-Fresno, Daniel; Andres-Valeri, Valerio C A; Rodriguez-Hernandez, Jorge

2014-01-01

Pervious pavements have become one of the most used sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) techniques in car parks. This research paper presents the results of monitoring water quality from several experimental car park areas designed and constructed in Spain with bays made of interlocking concrete block pavement, porous asphalt, polymer-modified porous concrete and reinforced grass with plastic and concrete cells. Moreover, two different sub-base materials were used (limestone aggregates and basic oxygen furnace slag). This study therefore encompasses the majority of the materials used as permeable surfaces and sub-base layers all over the world. Effluent from the test bays was monitored for dissolved oxygen, pH, electric conductivity, total suspended solids, turbidity and total petroleum hydrocarbons in order to analyze the behaviour shown by each combination of surface and sub-base materials. In addition, permeability tests were undertaken in all car parks using the 'Laboratorio Caminos Santander' permeameter and the Cantabrian Portable Infiltrometer. All results are presented together with the influence of surface and sub-base materials on water quality indicators using bivariate correlation statistical analysis at a confidence level of 95%. The polymer-modified porous concrete surface course in combination with limestone aggregate sub-base presented the best performance.

Effect of particle shape and slip mechanism on buoyancy induced convective heat transport with nanofluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joshi, Pranit Satish; Mahapatra, Pallab Sinha; Pattamatta, Arvind

2017-12-01

Experiments and numerical simulation of natural convection heat transfer with nanosuspensions are presented in this work. The investigations are carried out for three different types of nanosuspensions: namely, spherical-based (alumina/water), tubular-based (multi-walled carbon nanotube/water), and flake-based (graphene/water). A comparison with in-house experiments is made for all the three nanosuspensions at different volume fractions and for the Rayleigh numbers in the range of 7 × 105-1 × 107. Different models such as single component homogeneous, single component non-homogeneous, and multicomponent non-homogeneous are used in the present study. From the present numerical investigation, it is observed that for lower volume fractions (˜0.1%) of nanosuspensions considered, single component models are in close agreement with the experimental results. Single component models which are based on the effective properties of the nanosuspensions alone can predict heat transfer characteristics very well within the experimental uncertainty. Whereas for higher volume fractions (˜0.5%), the multi-component model predicts closer results to the experimental observation as it incorporates drag-based slip force which becomes prominent. The enhancement observed at lower volume fractions for non-spherical particles is attributed to the percolation chain formation, which perturbs the boundary layer and thereby increases the local Nusselt number values.

Space-based but not object-based inhibition of return is impaired in Parkinson's disease.

PubMed

Possin, Katherine L; Filoteo, J Vincent; Song, David D; Salmon, David P

2009-06-01

Impairments in certain aspects of attention have frequently been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD), including reduced inhibition of return (IOR). Recent evidence suggests that IOR can occur when attention is directed at objects or locations, but previous investigations of IOR in PD have not systematically compared these two frames of reference. The present study compared the performance of 18 nondemented patients with PD and 18 normal controls on an IOR task with two conditions. In the "object-present" condition, objects surrounded the cues and targets so that attention was cued to both a spatial location and to a specific object. In the "object-absent" condition, surrounding objects were not presented so that attention was cued only to a spatial location. When participants had to rely on space-based cues, PD patients demonstrated reduced IOR compared to controls. In contrast, when objects were present in the display and participants could use object-based cues, PD patients exhibited normal IOR. These results suggest that PD patients are impaired in inhibitory aspects of space-based attention, but are able to overcome this impairment when their attention can be directed at object-based frames of reference. This dissociation supports the view that space-based and object-based components of attention involve distinct neurocognitive processes.

State DOT use of web-based data storage.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-01-01

This study explores the experiences of state departments of transportation (DOT) in the use of web or : cloud-based data storage and related practices. The study provides results of a survey of State DOTs : and presents best practices of state govern...

Modelling rollover behaviour of exacavator-based forest machines

Treesearch

M.W. Veal; S.E. Taylor; Robert B. Rummer

2003-01-01

This poster presentation provides results from analytical and computer simulation models of rollover behaviour of hydraulic excavators. These results are being used as input to the operator protective structure standards development process. Results from rigid body mechanics and computer simulation methods agree well with field rollover test data. These results show...

Determining localized garment insulation values from manikin studies: computational method and results.

PubMed

Nelson, D A; Curlee, J S; Curran, A R; Ziriax, J M; Mason, P A

2005-12-01

The localized thermal insulation value expresses a garment's thermal resistance over the region which is covered by the garment, rather than over the entire surface of a subject or manikin. The determination of localized garment insulation values is critical to the development of high-resolution models of sensible heat exchange. A method is presented for determining and validating localized garment insulation values, based on whole-body insulation values (clo units) and using computer-aided design and thermal analysis software. Localized insulation values are presented for a catalog consisting of 106 garments and verified using computer-generated models. The values presented are suitable for use on volume element-based or surface element-based models of heat transfer involving clothed subjects.

Neutron-gamma flux and dose calculations in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brovchenko, Mariya; Dechenaux, Benjamin; Burn, Kenneth W.; Console Camprini, Patrizio; Duhamel, Isabelle; Peron, Arthur

2017-09-01

The present work deals with Monte Carlo simulations, aiming to determine the neutron and gamma responses outside the vessel and in the basemat of a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). The model is based on the Tihange-I Belgian nuclear reactor. With a large set of information and measurements available, this reactor has the advantage to be easily modelled and allows validation based on the experimental measurements. Power distribution calculations were therefore performed with the MCNP code at IRSN and compared to the available in-core measurements. Results showed a good agreement between calculated and measured values over the whole core. In this paper, the methods and hypotheses used for the particle transport simulation from the fission distribution in the core to the detectors outside the vessel of the reactor are also summarized. The results of the simulations are presented including the neutron and gamma doses and flux energy spectra. MCNP6 computational results comparing JEFF3.1 and ENDF-B/VII.1 nuclear data evaluations and sensitivity of the results to some model parameters are presented.

Disturbance of DNA conformation by the binding of testosterone-based platinum drugs via groove-face and intercalative interactions: a molecular dynamics simulation study

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background To explore novel platinum-based anticancer agents that are distinct from the structure and interaction mode of the traditional cisplatin by forming the bifunctional intrastrand 1,2 GpG adduct, the monofunctional platinum + DNA adducts with extensive non-covalent interactions had been studied. It was reported that the monofunctional testosterone-based platinum(II) agents present the high anticancer activity. Moreover, it was also found that the testosterone-based platinum agents could cause the DNA helix to undergo significant unwinding and bending over the non-testosterone-based platinum agents. However, the interaction mechanisms of these platinum agents with DNA at the atomic level are not yet clear so far. Results In the present work, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and DNA conformational dynamics calculations to study the DNA distortion properties of the testosterone-based platinum + DNA, the improved testosterone-based platinum + DNA and the non-testosterone-based platinum + DNA adducts. The results show that the intercalative interaction of the improved flexible testosterone-based platinum agent with DNA molecule could cause larger DNA conformational distortion than the groove-face interaction of the rigid testosterone-based platinum agent with DNA molecule. Further investigations for the non-testosterone-based platinum agent reveal the occurrence of insignificant change of DNA conformation due to the absence of testosterone ligand in such agent. Based on the DNA dynamics analysis, the DNA base motions relating to DNA groove parameter changes and hydrogen bond destruction of DNA base pairs were also discussed in this work. Conclusions The flexible linker in the improved testosterone-based platinum agent causes an intercalative interaction with DNA in the improved testosterone-based platinum + DNA adduct, which is different from the groove-face interaction caused by a rigid linker in the testosterone-based platinum agent. The present investigations provide useful information of DNA conformation affected by a testosterone-based platinum complex at the atomic level. PMID:23517640

Next Generation Search Interfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Roby, W.; Wu, X.; Ly, L.; Goldina, T.

2015-09-01

Astronomers are constantly looking for easier ways to access multiple data sets. While much effort is spent on VO, little thought is given to the types of User Interfaces we need to effectively search this sort of data. For instance, an astronomer might need to search Spitzer, WISE, and 2MASS catalogs and images then see the results presented together in one UI. Moving seamlessly between data sets is key to presenting integrated results. Results need to be viewed using first class, web based, integrated FITS viewers, XY Plots, and advanced table display tools. These components should be able to handle very large datasets. To make a powerful Web based UI that can manage and present multiple searches to the user requires taking advantage of many HTML5 features. AJAX is used to start searches and present results. Push notifications (Server Sent Events) monitor background jobs. Canvas is required for advanced result displays. Lesser known CSS3 technologies makes it all flow seamlessly together. At IPAC, we have been developing our Firefly toolkit for several years. We are now using it to solve this multiple data set, multiple queries, and integrated presentation problem to create a powerful research experience. Firefly was created in IRSA, the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu). Firefly is the core for applications serving many project archives, including Spitzer, Planck, WISE, PTF, LSST and others. It is also used in IRSA's new Finder Chart and catalog and image displays.

A Novel Acoustic Sensor Approach to Classify Seeds Based on Sound Absorption Spectra

PubMed Central

Gasso-Tortajada, Vicent; Ward, Alastair J.; Mansur, Hasib; Brøchner, Torben; Sørensen, Claus G.; Green, Ole

2010-01-01

A non-destructive and novel in situ acoustic sensor approach based on the sound absorption spectra was developed for identifying and classifying different seed types. The absorption coefficient spectra were determined by using the impedance tube measurement method. Subsequently, a multivariate statistical analysis, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), was performed as a way to generate a classification of the seeds based on the soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) method. The results show that the sound absorption coefficient spectra of different seed types present characteristic patterns which are highly dependent on seed size and shape. In general, seed particle size and sphericity were inversely related with the absorption coefficient. PCA presented reliable grouping capabilities within the diverse seed types, since the 95% of the total spectral variance was described by the first two principal components. Furthermore, the SIMCA classification model based on the absorption spectra achieved optimal results as 100% of the evaluation samples were correctly classified. This study contains the initial structuring of an innovative method that will present new possibilities in agriculture and industry for classifying and determining physical properties of seeds and other materials. PMID:22163455

Preliminary Results on the Corrosion Behaviour of a New Biodegradable Metallic Material Based on Zinc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dobriţa, S.; Istrate, B.; Cimpoeşu, N.; Stanciu, S.; Apostol, V.; Cimpoeşu, R.; Ioniţă, I.; Paraschiv, P.

2018-06-01

The class of biomaterials (metallic, polymer or ceramics) has applications as implants with a temporary function. Among magnezium (high corrosion rate) and iron (slow corrosion rate) based biodegradable alloys a new class based on zinc try to fullfill the gap between the first two alloy systems concerning the degradation rate. The role of these alloys is to provide some specific characteristics for a limited period of time. In this article preliminary results based on microstructural and chemical characteristics of a Zn-Mg alloy are presented. The results were obtained using optical and electronic microscopy (MO and SEM) and dispersive energy spectroscpy (EDS) and X-ray difraction (XRD).

Measuring and Supporting Language Function for Children with Autism: Evidence from a Randomized Control Trial of a Social-Interaction-Based Therapy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casenhiser, Devin M.; Binns, Amanda; McGill, Fay; Morderer, Olga; Shanker, Stuart G.

2015-01-01

In a report of the effectiveness of MEHRIT, a social-interaction-based intervention for autism, Casenhiser et al. ("Autism" 17(2):220-241, 2013) failed to find a significant advantage for language development in the treatment group using standardized language assessments. We present the results from a re-analysis of their results to…

Applying ergonomics to systems: some documented "lessons learned".

PubMed

Hendrick, Hal W

2008-07-01

Based on evidence accumulated during the author's 45 years of professional experience, the author presents 23 important "lessons learned" regarding applying ergonomics to systems. Documented results from reported cases or other evidence are presented to validate each of these practical learning points.

Deferred Gift Reporting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Munger, Peter L.; Ridenour, James F.

1983-01-01

Information on three categories of deferred gifts, deferred gift valuation, and reporting on deferred gifts are presented, based on the NACUBO publication entitled "Management Reporting Standards for Educational Institutions: Fund Raising and Related Activities." In addition, a summary is presented of the results of a 1982 informal…

Equipment for the Production of Wood-Polymeric Thermal Insulation Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saldaev, Vladimir A.; Prosvirnikov, Dmitry B.; Stepanov, Vladislav V.; Sadrtdinov, Almaz R.; Kapustin, Alexey N.

2016-08-01

This article presents developed pilot-plant equipment for slabby patterns of wood- filled polyurethane foam insulation material and its specifications are presented. Based on the results of experimental studies of pilot models the allowable range of equipment's technological parameters was defined.

Hot-spot selection and evaluation methods for whole slice images of meningiomas and oligodendrogliomas.

PubMed

Swiderska, Zaneta; Markiewicz, Tomasz; Grala, Bartlomiej; Slodkowska, Janina

2015-01-01

The paper presents a combined method for an automatic hot-spot areas selection based on penalty factor in the whole slide images to support the pathomorphological diagnostic procedure. The studied slides represent the meningiomas and oligodendrogliomas tumor on the basis of the Ki-67/MIB-1 immunohistochemical reaction. It allows determining the tumor proliferation index as well as gives an indication to the medical treatment and prognosis. The combined method based on mathematical morphology, thresholding, texture analysis and classification is proposed and verified. The presented algorithm includes building a specimen map, elimination of hemorrhages from them, two methods for detection of hot-spot fields with respect to an introduced penalty factor. Furthermore, we propose localization concordance measure to evaluation localization of hot spot selection by the algorithms in respect to the expert's results. Thus, the results of the influence of the penalty factor are presented and discussed. It was found that the best results are obtained for 0.2 value of them. They confirm effectiveness of applied approach.

Cart3D Simulations for the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aftosmis, Michael J.; Nemec, Marian

2014-01-01

Simulation results for the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop (LBW1) are presented using an inviscid, embedded-boundary Cartesian mesh method. The method employs adjoint-based error estimation and adaptive meshing to automatically determine resolution requirements of the computational domain. Results are presented for both mandatory and optional test cases. These include an axisymmetric body of revolution, a 69deg delta wing model and a complete model of the Lockheed N+2 supersonic tri-jet with V-tail and flow through nacelles. In addition to formal mesh refinement studies and examination of the adjoint-based error estimates, mesh convergence is assessed by presenting simulation results for meshes at several resolutions which are comparable in size to the unstructured grids distributed by the workshop organizers. Data provided includes both the pressure signals required by the workshop and information on code performance in both memory and processing time. Various enhanced techniques offering improved simulation efficiency will be demonstrated and discussed.

Channel characterization and empirical model for ergodic capacity of free-space optical communication link

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alimi, Isiaka; Shahpari, Ali; Ribeiro, Vítor; Sousa, Artur; Monteiro, Paulo; Teixeira, António

2017-05-01

In this paper, we present experimental results on channel characterization of single input single output (SISO) free-space optical (FSO) communication link that is based on channel measurements. The histograms of the FSO channel samples and the log-normal distribution fittings are presented along with the measured scintillation index. Furthermore, we extend our studies to diversity schemes and propose a closed-form expression for determining ergodic channel capacity of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) FSO communication systems over atmospheric turbulence fading channels. The proposed empirical model is based on SISO FSO channel characterization. Also, the scintillation effects on the system performance are analyzed and results for different turbulence conditions are presented. Moreover, we observed that the histograms of the FSO channel samples that we collected from a 1548.51 nm link have good fits with log-normal distributions and the proposed model for MIMO FSO channel capacity is in conformity with the simulation results in terms of normalized mean-square error (NMSE).

Results and lessons from the GMOS survey of transiting exoplanet atmospheres

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Todorov, Kamen; Desert, Jean-Michel; Huitson, Catherine; Bean, Jacob; Fortney, Jonathan; Bergmann, Marcel; Stevenson, Kevin

2018-01-01

We present results from the first comprehensive survey program dedicated to probing transiting exoplanet atmospheres using transmission spectroscopy with a multi-object spectrograph (MOS). Our four-years survey focussed on ten close-in giant planets for which the wavelength dependent transit depths in the visible were measured with Gemini/GMOS. We present the complete analysis of all the targets observed (50 transits, 300 hours), and the challenges to overcome to achieve the best spectrophotometric precision (200-500 ppm / 10 nm). We also present the main results and conclusions from this survey. We show that the precision achieved by this survey permits to distinguish hazy atmospheres from cloud-free ones. We discuss the challenges faced by such an experiment, and the lessons learnt for future MOS survey. We lay out the challenges facing future ground based MOS transit surveys aiming for the atmospheric characterization of habitable worlds, and utilizing the next generation of multi-object spectrographs mounted on extremely large ground based telescopes (ELT, TMT).

The Langley Research Center CSI phase-0 evolutionary model testbed-design and experimental results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Belvin, W. K.; Horta, Lucas G.; Elliott, K. B.

1991-01-01

A testbed for the development of Controls Structures Interaction (CSI) technology is described. The design philosophy, capabilities, and early experimental results are presented to introduce some of the ongoing CSI research at NASA-Langley. The testbed, referred to as the Phase 0 version of the CSI Evolutionary model (CEM), is the first stage of model complexity designed to show the benefits of CSI technology and to identify weaknesses in current capabilities. Early closed loop test results have shown non-model based controllers can provide an order of magnitude increase in damping in the first few flexible vibration modes. Model based controllers for higher performance will need to be robust to model uncertainty as verified by System ID tests. Data are presented that show finite element model predictions of frequency differ from those obtained from tests. Plans are also presented for evolution of the CEM to study integrated controller and structure design as well as multiple payload dynamics.

Precambrian organic geochemistry - Preservation of the record

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hayes, J. M.; Wedeking, K. W.; Kaplan, I. R.

1983-01-01

A review of earlier studies is presented, and new results in Precambrian organic geochemistry are discussed. It is pointed out that two lines of evidence can be developed. One is based on structural organic chemistry, while the other is based on isotopic analyses. In the present investigation, the results of both structural and isotopic investigations of Precambrian organic matter are discussed. Processes and products related to organic geochemistry are examined, taking into account the carbon cycle, an approximate view of the principal pathways of carbon cycling associated with organic matter in the present global ecosystem, processes affecting sedimentary organic matter, and distribution and types of organic matter. Attention is given to chemical fossils in Precambrian sediments, kerogen analyses, the determination of the structural characteristics of kerogen, and data concerning the preservation of the Precambrian organic geochemical record.

Multiobjective Optimization of Rocket Engine Pumps Using Evolutionary Algorithm

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Oyama, Akira; Liou, Meng-Sing

2001-01-01

A design optimization method for turbopumps of cryogenic rocket engines has been developed. Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) is used for multiobjective pump design optimizations. Performances of design candidates are evaluated by using the meanline pump flow modeling method based on the Euler turbine equation coupled with empirical correlations for rotor efficiency. To demonstrate the feasibility of the present approach, a single stage centrifugal pump design and multistage pump design optimizations are presented. In both cases, the present method obtains very reasonable Pareto-optimal solutions that include some designs outperforming the original design in total head while reducing input power by one percent. Detailed observation of the design results also reveals some important design criteria for turbopumps in cryogenic rocket engines. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the EA-based design optimization method in this field.

The Elusive Third Component

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meyers, James F.

2004-01-01

The historical development of techniques for measuring three velocity components using laser velocimetry is presented. The techniques are described and their relative merits presented. Many of the approaches currently in use based on the fringe laser velocimeter have yielded inaccurate measurements of turbulence intensity in the on-axis component. A possible explanation for these inaccuracies is presented along with simulation results.

LC Filters for FDM Readout of the X-IFU TES Calorimeter Instrument on Athena

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruijn, Marcel P.; van der Linden, Anton J.; Ferrari, Lorenza; Gottardi, Luciano; van der Kuur, Jan; den Hartog, Roland H.; Akamatsu, Hiroki; Jackson, Brian D.

2018-05-01

The current status of lithographic superconducting LC filters for use in the Athena-X-IFU instrument is described. We present the fabrication process and characterization results at room temperature, 4 K and 50 mK. We also present an optimization study of the quality topics, where finite element modeling is used together with experimental validation structures. For the a-Si:H-based capacitors and Nb-based coils, presently the component fabrication yield is about 99% and the effective series resistance at 50 mK is lower than 1.5 mΩ.

Preface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Craciun, Valentin; Sánchez, Florencio

2016-09-01

The present issue contains a collection of representative papers presented in the Symposium L, "Towards Oxide-Based Electronics: growth and applications of oxide thin films and heterostructures", organized during the E-MRS Fall Meeting, 15-18 September 2015 in Warsaw, Poland. The Symposium L was organised and sponsored by the COST Action MP1308 "Towards oxide-based electronics" (TO-BE), a four-year EU project that started in June 2014. Over 100 participants from different countries all over the world presented new results on oxide thin films epitaxial growth, on emergent functionalities at oxide interfaces, and on applications of oxides in the fields on nanoelectronics, energy, sensing and actuation.

Perceptual approach for unsupervised digital color restoration of cinematographic archives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chambah, Majed; Rizzi, Alessandro; Gatta, Carlo; Besserer, Bernard; Marini, Daniele

2003-01-01

The cinematographic archives represent an important part of our collective memory. We present in this paper some advances in automating the color fading restoration process, especially with regard to the automatic color correction technique. The proposed color correction method is based on the ACE model, an unsupervised color equalization algorithm based on a perceptual approach and inspired by some adaptation mechanisms of the human visual system, in particular lightness constancy and color constancy. There are some advantages in a perceptual approach: mainly its robustness and its local filtering properties, that lead to more effective results. The resulting technique, is not just an application of ACE on movie images, but an enhancement of ACE principles to meet the requirements in the digital film restoration field. The presented preliminary results are satisfying and promising.

Side-polished fiber based gain-flattening filter for erbium doped fiber amplifiers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Varshney, R. K.; Singh, A.; Pande, K.; Pal, B. P.

2007-03-01

A simple and accurate novel normal mode analysis has been developed to take into account the effect of the non-uniform depth of polishing in the study of the transmission characteristics of optical waveguide devices based on loading of a side-polished fiber half-coupler with a multimode planar waveguide. We apply the same to design and fabricate a gain-flattening filter suitable for fiber amplifiers. The wavelength dependent filtering action of the overall device could demonstrate flattening of an EDFA gain spectrum within ±0.7 dB over a bandwidth of 30 nm in the C-band. Results obtained by the present analysis agree very well with our experimental results. This present analysis should be very useful in the accurate design and analysis of any SPF-MMOW device/component including side-polished fiber based sensors.

Individual-based modelling and control of bovine brucellosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nepomuceno, Erivelton G.; Barbosa, Alípio M.; Silva, Marcos X.; Perc, Matjaž

2018-05-01

We present a theoretical approach to control bovine brucellosis. We have used individual-based modelling, which is a network-type alternative to compartmental models. Our model thus considers heterogeneous populations, and spatial aspects such as migration among herds and control actions described as pulse interventions are also easily implemented. We show that individual-based modelling reproduces the mean field behaviour of an equivalent compartmental model. Details of this process, as well as flowcharts, are provided to facilitate the reproduction of the presented results. We further investigate three numerical examples using real parameters of herds in the São Paulo state of Brazil, in scenarios which explore eradication, continuous and pulsed vaccination and meta-population effects. The obtained results are in good agreement with the expected behaviour of this disease, which ultimately showcases the effectiveness of our theory.

Accounting for the move to ambulatory patient groups.

PubMed

Boyagian, H R; Dessingue, R F

1998-07-01

This article focuses on the cost accounting challenge an ambulatory patient group (APG)-like-based prospective payment system presents to providers and the issues associated with that challenge. In particular, how can costs be identified, how can the differences in costs be associated with alternative settings, and how do costs identified through a detailed resource costing methodology compare to estimates using alternative measures? The results presented suggest that decisions made based on current measures of ambulatory cost (i.e., charge-based measures) need to be reexamined. These decisions could include which services to provide, what setting is appropriate, and where marketshare opportunities exist.

Graph-based urban scene analysis using symbolic data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moissinac, Henri; Maitre, Henri; Bloch, Isabelle

1995-07-01

A framework is presented for the interpretation of a urban landscape based on the analysis of aerial pictures. This method has been designed for the use of a priori knowledge provided by a geographic map in order to improve the image analysis stage. A coherent final interpretation of the studied area is proposed. It relies on a graph based data structure to modelize the urban landscape, and on a global uncertainty management to evaluate the final confidence we can have in the results presented. This structure and uncertainty management tend to reflect the hierarchy of the available data and the interpretation levels.

High speed capacitor-inverter based carbon nanotube full adder.

PubMed

Navi, K; Rashtian, M; Khatir, A; Keshavarzian, P; Hashemipour, O

2010-03-18

Carbon Nanotube filed-effect transistor (CNFET) is one of the promising alternatives to the MOS transistors. The geometry-dependent threshold voltage is one of the CNFET characteristics, which is used in the proposed Full Adder cell. In this paper, we present a high speed Full Adder cell using CNFETs based on majority-not (Minority) function. Presented design uses eight transistors and eight capacitors. Simulation results show significant improvement in terms of delay and power-delay product in comparison to contemporary CNFET Adder Cells. Simulations were carried out using HSPICE based on CNFET model with 0.6 V VDD.

Methods for Automating Analysis of Glacier Morphology for Regional Modelling: Centerlines, Extensions, and Elevation Bands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viger, R. J.; Van Beusekom, A. E.

2016-12-01

The treatment of glaciers in modeling requires information about their shape and extent. This presentation discusses new methods and their application in a new glacier-capable variant of the USGS PRMS model, a physically-based, spatially distributed daily time-step model designed to simulate the runoff and evolution of glaciers through time. In addition to developing parameters describing PRMS land surfaces (hydrologic response units, HRUs), several of the analyses and products are likely of interest to cryospheric science community in general. The first method is a (fully automated) variation of logic previously presented in the literature for definition of the glacier centerline. Given that the surface of a glacier might be convex, using traditional topographic analyses based on a DEM to trace a path down the glacier is not reliable. Instead a path is derived based on a cost function. Although only a single path is presented in our results, the method can be easily modified to delineate a branched network of centerlines for each glacier. The second method extends the glacier terminus downslope by an arbitrary distance, according to local surface topography. This product is can be used to explore possible, if unlikely, scenarios under which glacier area grows. More usefully, this method can be used to approximate glacier extents from previous years without needing historical imagery. The final method presents an approach for segmenting the glacier into altitude-based HRUs. Successful integration of this information with traditional approaches for discretizing the non-glacierized portions of a basin requires several additional steps. These include synthesizing the glacier centerline network with one developed with a traditional DEM analysis, ensuring that flow can be routed under and beyond glaciers to a basin outlet. Results are presented based on analysis of the Copper River Basin, Alaska.

FPGA Implementation of Reed-Solomon Decoder for IEEE 802.16 WiMAX Systems using Simulink-Sysgen Design Environment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bobrek, Miljko; Albright, Austin P

This paper presents FPGA implementation of the Reed-Solomon decoder for use in IEEE 802.16 WiMAX systems. The decoder is based on RS(255,239) code, and is additionally shortened and punctured according to the WiMAX specifications. Simulink model based on Sysgen library of Xilinx blocks was used for simulation and hardware implementation. At the end, simulation results and hardware implementation performances are presented.

Exact finite elements for conduction and convection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thornton, E. A.; Dechaumphai, P.; Tamma, K. K.

1981-01-01

An appproach for developing exact one dimensional conduction-convection finite elements is presented. Exact interpolation functions are derived based on solutions to the governing differential equations by employing a nodeless parameter. Exact interpolation functions are presented for combined heat transfer in several solids of different shapes, and for combined heat transfer in a flow passage. Numerical results demonstrate that exact one dimensional elements offer advantages over elements based on approximate interpolation functions. Previously announced in STAR as N81-31507

A scale space feature based registration technique for fusion of satellite imagery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Raghavan, Srini; Cromp, Robert F.; Campbell, William C.

1997-01-01

Feature based registration is one of the most reliable methods to register multi-sensor images (both active and passive imagery) since features are often more reliable than intensity or radiometric values. The only situation where a feature based approach will fail is when the scene is completely homogenous or densely textural in which case a combination of feature and intensity based methods may yield better results. In this paper, we present some preliminary results of testing our scale space feature based registration technique, a modified version of feature based method developed earlier for classification of multi-sensor imagery. The proposed approach removes the sensitivity in parameter selection experienced in the earlier version as explained later.

Prediction-based dynamic load-sharing heuristics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goswami, Kumar K.; Devarakonda, Murthy; Iyer, Ravishankar K.

1993-01-01

The authors present dynamic load-sharing heuristics that use predicted resource requirements of processes to manage workloads in a distributed system. A previously developed statistical pattern-recognition method is employed for resource prediction. While nonprediction-based heuristics depend on a rapidly changing system status, the new heuristics depend on slowly changing program resource usage patterns. Furthermore, prediction-based heuristics can be more effective since they use future requirements rather than just the current system state. Four prediction-based heuristics, two centralized and two distributed, are presented. Using trace driven simulations, they are compared against random scheduling and two effective nonprediction based heuristics. Results show that the prediction-based centralized heuristics achieve up to 30 percent better response times than the nonprediction centralized heuristic, and that the prediction-based distributed heuristics achieve up to 50 percent improvements relative to their nonprediction counterpart.

Field and Simulator Evaluations of a PC-Based Attention Maintenance Training Program

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-07-01

This report presents the results of three research studies regarding driver distraction from the forward roadway due to : secondary in-vehicle tasks. Study 1 included the development and evaluation of a PC-based training program named : FOrward Conce...

Adhesion Criteria between Water-Based Inorganic Zinc Coatings and Their Topcoats for Steel

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-03-01

This report presents the results of a test program designed to investigate, in the laboratory, possible causes for failure of water-based inorganic zinc (WBIOZ) coatings. Failures observed in the field have consisted of either topcoat delamination or...

Concept for a Satellite-Based Advanced Air Traffic Management System : Volume 5. System Performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-02-01

The volume presents the results of the performance evaluation of the Satellite-Based Advanced Air Traffic Management System (SAATMS). The evaluation established the capacity, safety, and delay performance of the system for the Los Angeles Basin termi...

Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems (IVBSS) Light Vehicle Field Operational Test Independent Evaluation

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-10-01

This report presents the methodology and results of the independent evaluation of a prototype integrated crash warning system for : light vehicles as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems initiative of the United States Department of : ...

NASA ground-based and space-based laser ranging systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fitzmaurice, M. W.

1978-01-01

Laser ranging is expected to help unlock the mysteries of the earthquake phenomenon by producing unique results of crustal motions of the Earth. The current state of the art and future projections are presented, including principal applications and characteristics of typical systems.

Rankings of Economics Faculties and Representation on Editorial Boards of Top Journals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gibbons, Jean D.; Fish, Mary

1991-01-01

Presents rankings of U.S., university, economics departments. Explains the rankings are based upon representation of the departments on the editorial boards of leading economics journals. Reports that results are similar to rankings based upon other criteria. (DK)

Integrated vehicle-based safety systems : heavy-truck field operational test key findings report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-08-01

This document presents key findings from the heavy-truck field operational test conducted as : part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems program. These findings are the result of : analyses performed by the University of Michigan Transporta...

Integrated vehicle-based safety systems light-vehicle field operational test key findings report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

This document presents key findings from the light-vehicle field operational test conducted as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems program. These findings are the result of analyses performed by the University of Michigan Transportati...

Integrated vehicle-based safety systems light-vehicle field operational test key findings report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

"This document presents key findings from the light-vehicle field operational test conducted as part of the Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems program. These findings are the result of analyses performed by the University of Michigan Transportat...

An Evaluation of a Peer-Based HIV/AIDS Education Program as Implemented in a Suburban High School Setting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Brian P.; Nelson, Timothy D.; Steele, Ric G.

2008-01-01

This study presents the results of an evaluation of a peer-based HIV/AIDS education program, the BASE program, as implemented in a suburban high school setting. The participants were 132 high school students who participated in an "AIDS Awareness Day" as a part of the BASE program in their high school. Each student completed preintervention and…

Multi-viewpoint clustering analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mehrotra, Mala; Wild, Chris

1993-01-01

In this paper, we address the feasibility of partitioning rule-based systems into a number of meaningful units to enhance the comprehensibility, maintainability and reliability of expert systems software. Preliminary results have shown that no single structuring principle or abstraction hierarchy is sufficient to understand complex knowledge bases. We therefore propose the Multi View Point - Clustering Analysis (MVP-CA) methodology to provide multiple views of the same expert system. We present the results of using this approach to partition a deployed knowledge-based system that navigates the Space Shuttle's entry. We also discuss the impact of this approach on verification and validation of knowledge-based systems.

Three Dimensional Imaging with Multiple Wavelength Speckle Interferometry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bernacki, Bruce E.; Cannon, Bret D.; Schiffern, John T.

2014-05-28

We present the design, modeling, construction, and results of a three-dimensional imager based upon multiple-wavelength speckle interferometry. A surface under test is illuminated with tunable laser light in a Michelson interferometer configuration while a speckled image is acquired at each laser frequency step. The resulting hypercube is Fourier transformed in the frequency dimension and the beat frequencies that result map the relative offsets of surface features. Synthetic wavelengths resulting from the laser tuning can probe features ranging from 18 microns to hundreds of millimeters. Three dimensional images will be presented along with modeling results.

SRB ascent aerodynamic heating design criteria reduction study, volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crain, W. K.; Frost, C. L.; Engel, C. D.

1989-01-01

Data are presented for the wind tunnel interference heating factor data base, the timewise tabulated ascent design environments, and the timewise plotted environments comparing the REMTECH results to the Rockwell RI-IVBC-3 results.

Design and Manufacturing Criteria for Beam Position Monitor (BPM) of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hsueh, H. P.; Chang, C. C.; Hsu, S. N.

2010-06-23

There are quite some considerations when the button feedthrough is designed and manufactured in a new 3rd generation synchrotron light source like the to-be-constructed TPS. It is the responsibility of the button feedthrough designer to design a feedthrough with the lowest probable HOM problem. It is also required for the designer to analyze the consequences for each possible mechanical error during manufacturing and therefore set standards of tolerance. We have been using MAFIA to optimize the design of feedthrough including flange type on bending chamber section and primary BPM on insertion device section. We also have set some criteria formore » feedthrough manufacturing, inspection, and welding based on hands-on experience on feedthrough electrical properties measuring, sorting, inspection, and laser welding. Here we will present the MAFIA results, electrical measurement results, and laser welding results and analysis. Criteria based on these results will also be presented.« less

Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA): Assessment of the atmospheric revitalization pressure control subsystem FMEA/CIL

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Saiidi, M. J.

1988-01-01

The results of the Independent Orbiter Assessment (IOA) of the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Critical Items List (CIL) are presented. The IOA effort first completed an analysis of the atmospheric Revitalization Pressure Control Subsystem (ARPCS) hardware, generating draft failure modes and potential critical items. To preserve independence, this analysis was accomplished without reliance upon the results contained within the NASA FMEA/CIL documentation. The IOA results were then compared to the NASA FMEA/CIL proposed Post 51-L updates based upon the CCB/PRCB presentations and an informal criticality summary listing. A discussion of each discrepancy from the comparison is provided through additional analysis as required. These discrepancies were flagged as issues, and recommendations were made based on the FMEA data available at the time. This report documents the results of that comparison for the Orbiter ARPCS hardware.

Design and Manufacturing Criteria for Beam Position Monitor (BPM) of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hsueh, H. P.; Chang, C. C.; Hsu, S. N.; Huang, I. T.; Chen, Y. B.; Kuan, C. K.; Hsiung, G. Y.; Chen, J. R.

2010-06-01

There are quite some considerations when the button feedthrough is designed and manufactured in a new 3rd generation synchrotron light source like the to-be-constructed TPS. It is the responsibility of the button feedthrough designer to design a feedthrough with the lowest probable HOM problem. It is also required for the designer to analyze the consequences for each possible mechanical error during manufacturing and therefore set standards of tolerance. We have been using MAFIA to optimize the design of feedthrough including flange type on bending chamber section and primary BPM on insertion device section. We also have set some criteria for feedthrough manufacturing, inspection, and welding based on hands-on experience on feedthrough electrical properties measuring, sorting, inspection, and laser welding. Here we will present the MAFIA results, electrical measurement results, and laser welding results and analysis. Criteria based on these results will also be presented.

Productivity, job satisfaction, and health and safety in the coal industry: the participatory alternative

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1982-01-01

This is a conference which presents results and ideas on workplace participation in the coal industry. It discusses the theory of the quality circle groups for developing their own production rates and design goals. It presents the results of different coal company participation in this idea and how to implement this option. Individual topics are entered into the Data Base as separate items.

Recent work on airfoil theory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Prandtl, L

1940-01-01

The basic ideas of a new method for treating the problem of the airfoil are presented, and a review is given of the problems thus far computed for incompressible and supersonic flows. Test results are reported for the airfoil of circular plan form and the results are shown to agree well with the theory. As a supplement, a theory based on the older methods is presented for the rectangular of small aspect ratio.

Calculation of electrostatic fields in periodic structures of complex shape

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kravchenko, V. F.

1978-01-01

A universal algorithm is presented for calculating electrostatic fields in an infinite periodic structure consisting of electrodes of arbitrary shape which are located in mirror-symmetrical manner along the axis of electron-beam propagation. The method is based on the theory of R-functions, and the differential operators which are derived on the basis of the functions. Numerical results are presented and the accuracy of the results is examined.

The probability of misassociation between neighboring targets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Areta, Javier A.; Bar-Shalom, Yaakov; Rothrock, Ronald

2008-04-01

This paper presents procedures to calculate the probability that the measurement originating from an extraneous target will be (mis)associated with a target of interest for the cases of Nearest Neighbor and Global association. It is shown that these misassociation probabilities depend, under certain assumptions, on a particular - covariance weighted - norm of the difference between the targets' predicted measurements. For the Nearest Neighbor association, the exact solution, obtained for the case of equal innovation covariances, is based on a noncentral chi-square distribution. An approximate solution is also presented for the case of unequal innovation covariances. For the Global case an approximation is presented for the case of "similar" innovation covariances. In the general case of unequal innovation covariances where this approximation fails, an exact method based on the inversion of the characteristic function is presented. The theoretical results, confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations, quantify the benefit of Global vs. Nearest Neighbor association. These results are applied to problems of single sensor as well as centralized fusion architecture multiple sensor tracking.

Computational attributes of the integral form of the equation of transfer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frankel, J. I.

1991-01-01

Difficulties can arise in radiative and neutron transport calculations when a highly anisotropic scattering phase function is present. In the presence of anisotropy, currently used numerical solutions are based on the integro-differential form of the linearized Boltzmann transport equation. This paper, departs from classical thought and presents an alternative numerical approach based on application of the integral form of the transport equation. Use of the integral formalism facilitates the following steps: a reduction in dimensionality of the system prior to discretization, the use of symbolic manipulation to augment the computational procedure, and the direct determination of key physical quantities which are derivable through the various Legendre moments of the intensity. The approach is developed in the context of radiative heat transfer in a plane-parallel geometry, and results are presented and compared with existing benchmark solutions. Encouraging results are presented to illustrate the potential of the integral formalism for computation. The integral formalism appears to possess several computational attributes which are well-suited to radiative and neutron transport calculations.

Video-based training of respite care providers: an interactional analysis of presentation format.

PubMed Central

Neef, N A; Trachtenberg, S; Loeb, J; Sterner, K

1991-01-01

We conducted two studies to evaluate a video-based instructional package for training respite care providers and the role of presentation format (viewing the videotapes alone, with a partner, and with structured group training) as a contextual variable. In Study 1, the results of a within-subjects Latin square design nested within a multiple baseline showed that performance during simulated (role-played) respite care situations improved in five of the six skill areas for the 12 trainees following presentation of the videotape, with no differences between presentation formats. Correct responding generalized to respite care situations involving a developmentally disabled child, and in most cases, acquired skills were maintained for up to 6 months. In Study 2, we conducted a clinical replication of Study 1 under conditions more closely approximating those in which the training program would be implemented by respite care agencies. Results of the between-groups analysis were consistent with the findings of Study 1. PMID:1836458

Do Undergraduate Paramedic Students Embrace Case Based Learning Using a Blended Teaching Approach? A 3-Year Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Brett

2009-01-01

This paper presents the results of a descriptive longitudinal study which aimed to identify student paramedic perceptions of case based learning used in the clinical curriculum of the Bachelor of Emergency Health (BEH) degree at Monash University, Victoria, Australia. Case based learning and its integration within clinical curriculum is an…

Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Education: Promoting Family Mindfulness during the Perinatal Period

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duncan, Larissa G.; Bardacke, Nancy

2010-01-01

We present the conceptual and empirical foundation and curriculum content of the Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting (MBCP) program and the results of a pilot study of n = 27 pregnant women participating in MBCP during their third trimester of pregnancy. MBCP is a formal adaptation of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program and was…

A Systematic Review of Agent-Based Modelling and Simulation Applications in the Higher Education Domain

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gu, X.; Blackmore, K. L.

2015-01-01

This paper presents the results of a systematic review of agent-based modelling and simulation (ABMS) applications in the higher education (HE) domain. Agent-based modelling is a "bottom-up" modelling paradigm in which system-level behaviour (macro) is modelled through the behaviour of individual local-level agent interactions (micro).…

Bringing Curriculum to Life. Enacting Project-Based Learning in Music Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tobias, Evan S.; Campbell, Mark Robin; Greco, Phillip

2015-01-01

At its core, project-based learning is based on the idea that real-life problems capture student interest, provoke critical thinking, and develop skills as they engage in and complete complex undertakings that typically result in a realistic product, event, or presentation to an audience. This article offers a starting point for music teachers who…

Conducting Web-Based Surveys. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Solomon, David J.

Web-based surveying is very attractive for many reasons, including reducing the time and cost of conducting a survey and avoiding the often error prone and tedious task of data entry. At this time, Web-based surveys should still be used with caution. The biggest concern at present is coverage bias or bias resulting from sampled people either not…

Photoresist and stochastic modeling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hansen, Steven G.

2018-01-01

Analysis of physical modeling results can provide unique insights into extreme ultraviolet stochastic variation, which augment, and sometimes refute, conclusions based on physical intuition and even wafer experiments. Simulations verify the primacy of "imaging critical" counting statistics (photons, electrons, and net acids) and the image/blur-dependent dose sensitivity in describing the local edge or critical dimension variation. But the failure of simple counting when resist thickness is varied highlights a limitation of this exact analytical approach, so a calibratable empirical model offers useful simplicity and convenience. Results presented here show that a wide range of physical simulation results can be well matched by an empirical two-parameter model based on blurred image log-slope (ILS) for lines/spaces and normalized ILS for holes. These results are largely consistent with a wide range of published experimental results; however, there is some disagreement with the recently published dataset of De Bisschop. The present analysis suggests that the origin of this model failure is an unexpected blurred ILS:dose-sensitivity relationship failure in that resist process. It is shown that a photoresist mechanism based on high photodecomposable quencher loading and high quencher diffusivity can give rise to pitch-dependent blur, which may explain the discrepancy.

Intranet usage and potential in acute care hospitals in the United States: survey-2000.

PubMed

Hatcher, M

2001-12-01

This paper provides the results of the Survey-2000 measuring Intranet and its potential in health care. The survey measured the levels of Internet and Intranet existence and usage in acute care hospitals. Business-to-business electronic commerce and electronic commerce for customers were measured. Since the Intranet was not studied in survey-1997, no comparisons could be made. Therefore the results were presented and discussed. The Intranet data were compared with the Internet data and statistically significant differences were presented and analyzed. This information will assist hospitals to plan Internet and Intranet technology. This is the third of three articles based upon the results of the Survey-2000. Readers are referred to prior articles by the author, which discusses the survey design and provides a tutorial on technology transfer in acute care hospitals.(1) The first article based upon the survey results discusses technology transfer, system design approaches, user involvement, and decision-making purposes. (2) The second article based upon the survey results discusses distribution of Internet usage and rating of Internet usage applied to specific applications. Homepages, advertising, and electronic commerce are discussed from an Internet perspective.

The Role of Expectations in Game-Based Training.

PubMed

Kreutzer, Christine; Bowers, Clint

2015-01-01

The present work seeks to examine the importance of expectancies in computer-mediated treatment and training programs. Two studies examining the role of patient and trainee expectations are presented. Study 1 investigated how expectations of a training game for military surgical teams influence training performance outcomes. The findings have implications for the administration of game-based treatment and training systems. Study 2 explored how pre-treatment expectancies influence post-treatment reactions to a game-based intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results indicate that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between expectancies and reactions. Together, these studies offer implications regarding the critical role of attitudes towards game-based training and treatment mechanisms.

Wearable real-time and adaptive feedback device to face the stuttering: a knowledge-based telehealthcare proposal.

PubMed

Prado, Manuel; Roa, Laura M

2007-01-01

Despite first written references to permanent developmental stuttering occurred more than 2500 years ago, the mechanisms underlying this disorder are still unknown. This paper briefly reviews stuttering causal hypothesis and treatments, and presents the requirements that a new stuttering therapeutic device should verify. As a result of the analysis, an adaptive altered auditory feedback device based on a multimodal intelligent monitor, within the framework of a knowledge-based telehealthcare system, is presented. The subsequent discussion, based partly on the successful outcomes of a similar intelligent monitor, suggests that this novel device is feasible and could help to fill the gap between research and clinic.

Real-Time Peer Review: An Innovative Feature to an Evidence-Based Practice Conference

PubMed Central

Eldredge, Jonathan D.; Phillips, Holly E.; Kroth, Philip J.

2013-01-01

Many health sciences librarians as well as other professionals attend conferences on a regular basis. This study sought to link an innovative peer review process of presented research papers to long-term conference outcomes in the peer-reviewed professional journal literature. An evidence-based conference included a proof-of-concept study to gauge the long-term outcomes from research papers presented during the program. Real-time peer review recommendations from the conference were linked to final versions of articles published in the peer-reviewed literature. The real-time peer review feedback served as the basis for further mentoring to guide prospective authors toward publishing their research results. These efforts resulted in the publication of two of the four research papers in the peer-viewed literature. A third presented paper appeared in a blog because the authors wanted to disseminate their findings more quickly than through the journal literature. The presenters of the fourth paper never published their study. Real-time peer review from this study can be adapted to other professional conferences that include presented research papers. PMID:24180649

Anatomical differences in the human inferior colliculus relate to the perceived valence of musical consonance and dissonance.

PubMed

Fritz, Thomas Hans; Renders, Wiske; Müller, Karsten; Schmude, Paul; Leman, Marc; Turner, Robert; Villringer, Arno

2013-10-01

Helmholtz himself speculated about a role of the cochlea in the perception of musical dissonance. Here we indirectly investigated this issue, assessing the valence judgment of musical stimuli with variable consonance/dissonance and presented diotically (exactly the same dissonant signal was presented to both ears) or dichotically (a consonant signal was presented to each ear--both consonant signals were rhythmically identical but differed by a semitone in pitch). Differences in brain organisation underlying inter-subject differences in the percept of dichotically presented dissonance were determined with voxel-based morphometry. Behavioral results showed that diotic dissonant stimuli were perceived as more unpleasant than dichotically presented dissonance, indicating that interactions within the cochlea modulated the valence percept during dissonance. However, the behavioral data also suggested that the dissonance percept did not depend crucially on the cochlea, but also occurred as a result of binaural integration when listening to dichotic dissonance. These results also showed substantial between-participant variations in the valence response to dichotic dissonance. These differences were in a voxel-based morphometry analysis related to differences in gray matter density in the inferior colliculus, which strongly substantiated a key role of the inferior colliculus in consonance/dissonance representation in humans. © 2013 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An experimental investigation of hollow cathode-based plasma contactors. Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, John D.

1991-01-01

Experimental results are presented which describe operation of the plasma environment associated with a hollow cathod-based plasma contactor collecting electrons from or emitting them to an ambient, low density Maxwellian plasma. A one-dimensional, phenomenological model of the near-field electron collection process, which was formulated from experimental observations, is presented. It considers three regions, namely, a plasma cloud adjacent to the contactor, an ambient plasma from which electrons are collected, and a double layer region that develops between the contactor plasma cloud and the ambient plasma regions. Results of the electron emission experiments are also presented. An important observation is made using a retarding potential analyzer (RPA) which shows that high energy ions generally stream from a contactor along with the electrons being emitted. A mechanism for this phenomenon is presented and it involves a high rate of ionization induced between electrons and atoms flowing together from the hollow cathode orifice. This can result in the development of a region of high positive potential. Langmuir and RPA probe data suggest that both electrons and ions expand spherically from this hill region. In addition to experimental observations, a one-dimensional model which describes the electron emission process and predicts the phenomena just mentioned is presented and shown to agree qualitatively with these observations.

Two efficient label-equivalence-based connected-component labeling algorithms for 3-D binary images.

PubMed

He, Lifeng; Chao, Yuyan; Suzuki, Kenji

2011-08-01

Whenever one wants to distinguish, recognize, and/or measure objects (connected components) in binary images, labeling is required. This paper presents two efficient label-equivalence-based connected-component labeling algorithms for 3-D binary images. One is voxel based and the other is run based. For the voxel-based one, we present an efficient method of deciding the order for checking voxels in the mask. For the run-based one, instead of assigning each foreground voxel, we assign each run a provisional label. Moreover, we use run data to label foreground voxels without scanning any background voxel in the second scan. Experimental results have demonstrated that our voxel-based algorithm is efficient for 3-D binary images with complicated connected components, that our run-based one is efficient for those with simple connected components, and that both are much more efficient than conventional 3-D labeling algorithms.

Variation in the cranial base orientation and facial skeleton in dry skulls sampled from three major populations.

PubMed

Kuroe, Kazuto; Rosas, Antonio; Molleson, Theya

2004-04-01

The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of cranial base orientation on the morphology of the craniofacial system in human populations. Three geographically distant populations from Europe (72), Africa (48) and Asia (24) were chosen. Five angular and two linear variables from the cranial base component and six angular and six linear variables from the facial component based on two reference lines of the vertical posterior maxillary and Frankfort horizontal planes were measured. The European sample presented dolichofacial individuals with a larger face height and a smaller face depth derived from a raised cranial base and facial cranium orientation which tended to be similar to the Asian sample. The African sample presented brachyfacial individuals with a reduced face height and a larger face depth as a result of a lowered cranial base and facial cranium orientation. The Asian sample presented dolichofacial individuals with a larger face height and depth due to a raised cranial base and facial cranium orientation. The findings of this study suggest that cranial base orientation and posterior cranial base length appear to be valid discriminating factors between different human populations.

The electronic properties of high (Tc) superconductors probed by positron annihilation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sundar, C. S.; Bharathi, A.; Jean, Y. C.; Hinks, D. G.; Dabrowski, B.; Zheng, Y.; Mitchell, A. W.; Ho, J. C.; Howell, K. H.; Wachs, A. L.

1989-06-01

The discovery of superconductivity at 30 K in Ba(.6)K(.4) BiO3 has generated considerable excitement in view of the contrasting properties of the Ba-K-Bi-O system when compared to the well known Cu-O based high temperature superconductors. Positron annihilation spectroscopy, which is a sensitive local probe of the electronic and defect properties of a solid, was extensively applied in the study of Cu-O based superconductors. The results of positron lifetime as a function of temperature in Ba-K-Bi-O are presented and compared with the known results in the cuprate superconductors. Plausible reasons for the observed temperature dependence of positron lifetime are presented.

Robust human machine interface based on head movements applied to assistive robotics.

PubMed

Perez, Elisa; López, Natalia; Orosco, Eugenio; Soria, Carlos; Mut, Vicente; Freire-Bastos, Teodiano

2013-01-01

This paper presents an interface that uses two different sensing techniques and combines both results through a fusion process to obtain the minimum-variance estimator of the orientation of the user's head. Sensing techniques of the interface are based on an inertial sensor and artificial vision. The orientation of the user's head is used to steer the navigation of a robotic wheelchair. Also, a control algorithm for assistive technology system is presented. The system is evaluated by four individuals with severe motors disability and a quantitative index was developed, in order to objectively evaluate the performance. The results obtained are promising since most users could perform the proposed tasks with the robotic wheelchair.

Robust Human Machine Interface Based on Head Movements Applied to Assistive Robotics

PubMed Central

Perez, Elisa; López, Natalia; Orosco, Eugenio; Soria, Carlos; Mut, Vicente; Freire-Bastos, Teodiano

2013-01-01

This paper presents an interface that uses two different sensing techniques and combines both results through a fusion process to obtain the minimum-variance estimator of the orientation of the user's head. Sensing techniques of the interface are based on an inertial sensor and artificial vision. The orientation of the user's head is used to steer the navigation of a robotic wheelchair. Also, a control algorithm for assistive technology system is presented. The system is evaluated by four individuals with severe motors disability and a quantitative index was developed, in order to objectively evaluate the performance. The results obtained are promising since most users could perform the proposed tasks with the robotic wheelchair. PMID:24453877

Using Visualization in Cockpit Decision Support Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aragon, Cecilia R.

2005-01-01

In order to safely operate their aircraft, pilots must make rapid decisions based on integrating and processing large amounts of heterogeneous information. Visual displays are often the most efficient method of presenting safety-critical data to pilots in real time. However, care must be taken to ensure the pilot is provided with the appropriate amount of information to make effective decisions and not become cognitively overloaded. The results of two usability studies of a prototype airflow hazard visualization cockpit decision support system are summarized. The studies demonstrate that such a system significantly improves the performance of helicopter pilots landing under turbulent conditions. Based on these results, design principles and implications for cockpit decision support systems using visualization are presented.

Large Area MEMS Based Ultrasound Device for Cancer Detection.

PubMed

Wodnicki, Robert; Thomenius, Kai; Hooi, Fong Ming; Sinha, Sumedha P; Carson, Paul L; Lin, Der-Song; Zhuang, Xuefeng; Khuri-Yakub, Pierre; Woychik, Charles

2011-08-21

We present image results obtained using a prototype ultrasound array which demonstrates the fundamental architecture for a large area MEMS based ultrasound device for detection of breast cancer. The prototype array consists of a tiling of capacitive Micro-Machined Ultrasound Transducers (cMUTs) which have been flip-chip attached to a rigid organic substrate. The pitch on the cMUT elements is 185 um and the operating frequency is nominally 9 MHz. The spatial resolution of the new probe is comparable to production PZT probes, however the sensitivity is reduced by conditions that should be correctable. Simulated opposed-view image registration and Speed of Sound volume reconstruction results for ultrasound in the mammographic geometry are also presented.

Original analytic solution of a half-bridge modelled as a statically indeterminate system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oanta, Emil M.; Panait, Cornel; Raicu, Alexandra; Barhalescu, Mihaela

2016-12-01

The paper presents an original computer based analytical model of a half-bridge belonging to a circular settling tank. The primary unknown is computed using the force method, the coefficients of the canonical equation being calculated using either the discretization of the bending moment diagram in trapezoids, or using the relations specific to the polygons. A second algorithm based on the method of initial parameters is also presented. Analyzing the new solution we came to the conclusion that most of the computer code developed for other model may be reused. The results are useful to evaluate the behavior of the structure and to compare with the results of the finite element models.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in Reducing Aggression of Individuals at the Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Center.

PubMed

Milani, Atefeh; Nikmanesh, Zahra; Farnam, Ali

2013-12-01

In the present era, delinquency in children and adolescents is undoubtedly a difficult and upsetting issue attracting the attention of many experts such as psychologists, sociologists, and criminologists. These experts often try to answer why a number of children and adolescents engage in various crimes such as aggressive and anti-social crimes. They also try to find out how these crimes can be prevented. The present study investigates the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy training (MBCT) in reducing aggression in a juvenile correction and rehabilitation center of Zahedan province during years 1991 to 1992. This experimental study included an experimental and a control group with a pretest, posttest, and follow-up approach. The Buss and Perry aggression questionnaire (1992) was used for data collection. The sample group included 22 (10 experimental and 12 control groups) adolescent males in a juvenile correction and rehabilitation center of Zahedan province who were selected through a census method. Using a matching method based on the pre-test scores of the aggression questionnaire, they were then divided into two equivalent categories and were randomly assigned to the two groups. Mindfulness-based cognitive training took the group training in 8 sessions administered on experimental group. The follow-up test was conducted two weeks after the end of the posttest sessions. The results were analyzed using ANCOVA. The results of ANCOVA showed that mindfulness-based cognitive training could significantly reduce aggression during posttest and follow-up test phases in the experimental group, compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the results indicated the effectiveness of this method in significantly reducing anger, physical aggression, and hostility during posttest and follow-up test phases (P < 0.05). However, no significant reduction was observed in the verbal aggression subscale. According to the results of the present study, mindfulness-based cognitive training seems to be effective for reducing aggressive behaviors.

Synthesis Methods for Robust Passification and Control

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kelkar, Atul G.; Joshi, Suresh M. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

The research effort under this cooperative agreement has been essentially the continuation of the work from previous grants. The ongoing work has primarily focused on developing passivity-based control techniques for Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) systems. During this period, there has been a significant progress made in the area of passivity-based control of LTI systems and some preliminary results have also been obtained for nonlinear systems, as well. The prior work has addressed optimal control design for inherently passive as well as non- passive linear systems. For exploiting the robustness characteristics of passivity-based controllers the passification methodology was developed for LTI systems that are not inherently passive. Various methods of passification were first proposed in and further developed. The robustness of passification was addressed for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems for certain classes of uncertainties using frequency-domain methods. For MIMO systems, a state-space approach using Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI)-based formulation was presented, for passification of non-passive LTI systems. An LMI-based robust passification technique was presented for systems with redundant actuators and sensors. The redundancy in actuators and sensors was used effectively for robust passification using the LMI formulation. The passification was designed to be robust to an interval-type uncertainties in system parameters. The passification techniques were used to design a robust controller for Benchmark Active Control Technology wing under parametric uncertainties. The results on passive nonlinear systems, however, are very limited to date. Our recent work in this area was presented, wherein some stability results were obtained for passive nonlinear systems that are affine in control.

The Anticipated Positive Psychosocial Impact of Present Web-Based E-Health Services and Future Mobile Health Applications: An Investigation among Older Swedes.

PubMed

Wiklund Axelsson, S; Nyberg, L; Näslund, A; Melander Wikman, A

2013-01-01

This study investigates the anticipated psychosocial impact of present web-based e-health services and future mobile health applications among older Swedes. Random sample's of Swedish citizens aged 55 years old and older were given a survey containing two different e-health scenarios which respondents rated according to their anticipated psychosocial impact by means of the PIADS instrument. Results consistently demonstrated the positive anticipation of psychosocial impacts for both scenarios. The future mobile health applications scored more positively than the present web-based e-health services. An increase in age correlated positively to lower impact scores. These findings indicate that from a psychosocial perspective, web-based e-health services and mobile health applications are likely to positively impact quality of life. This knowledge can be helpful when tailoring and implementing e-health services that are directed to older people.

Presenting Different Selves to Different People: Self-Presentation as a Function of Relationship Type and Contingent Self-Esteem.

PubMed

Øverup, Camilla S; Brunson, Julie A; Acitelli, Linda K

2015-01-01

Past work has established a connection between self-esteem and self-presentation; however, research has not explored how self-esteem that is contingent on one's relationship may influence self-presentational tactics in that relationship. Across two studies, undergraduate students reported on the extent to which their self-esteem depended on their friendship and romantic relationship, as well as the extent to which they engaged in self-presentation behaviors in those relationships. The results suggest that relationship-specific contingent self-esteem predicts relationship-specific self-presentation; however, friendship-contingent self-esteem predicted self-presentation in both friendships and romantic relationships. These results suggest that individuals are keenly and differentially attuned to qualitatively different relationships, and when perceiving potential problems, they attempt to remedy those through their self-presentations. Furthermore, results indicate the possibility that self-esteem tied to a particular relationship may not be as important as self-esteem based more generally on one's relationships.

The Progress of Theory in Knowledge Organization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smiraglia, Richard P.

2002-01-01

Presents a background on theory in knowledge organization, which has moved from an epistemic stance of pragmatism and rationalism (based on observation of the construction of retrieval tools), to empiricism (based on the results of empirical research). Discusses historicism, external validity, classification, user-interface design, and…

Technology Assessment in Support of the Presidential Vision for Space Exploration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weisbin, Charles R.; Lincoln, William; Mrozinski, Joe; Hua, Hook; Merida, Sofia; Shelton, Kacie; Adumitroaie, Virgil; Derleth, Jason; Silberg, Robert

2006-01-01

This document is a viewgraph presentation that contains: (1) pictorial description of lunar context, (2) Definition of base case, (3) Optimization results, (4) Effects of cost uncertainties for base case and different assumed annual budget levels and (5) Effects of temporal optimization.

Visual terrain mapping for traversable path planning of mobile robots

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shirkhodaie, Amir; Amrani, Rachida; Tunstel, Edward W.

2004-10-01

In this paper, we have primarily discussed technical challenges and navigational skill requirements of mobile robots for traversability path planning in natural terrain environments similar to Mars surface terrains. We have described different methods for detection of salient terrain features based on imaging texture analysis techniques. We have also presented three competing techniques for terrain traversability assessment of mobile robots navigating in unstructured natural terrain environments. These three techniques include: a rule-based terrain classifier, a neural network-based terrain classifier, and a fuzzy-logic terrain classifier. Each proposed terrain classifier divides a region of natural terrain into finite sub-terrain regions and classifies terrain condition exclusively within each sub-terrain region based on terrain visual clues. The Kalman Filtering technique is applied for aggregative fusion of sub-terrain assessment results. The last two terrain classifiers are shown to have remarkable capability for terrain traversability assessment of natural terrains. We have conducted a comparative performance evaluation of all three terrain classifiers and presented the results in this paper.

Time to rethink the role of the library in educating doctors: driving information literacy in the clinical environment

PubMed Central

Simons, Mary R.; Morgan, Michael Kerin; Davidson, Andrew Stewart

2012-01-01

Question: Can information literacy (IL) be embedded into the curriculum and clinical environment to facilitate patient care and lifelong learning? Setting: The Australian School of Advanced Medicine (ASAM) provides competence-based programs incorporating patient-centred care and lifelong learning. ASAM librarians use outcomes-based educational theory to embed and assess IL into ASAM's educational and clinical environments. Methods: A competence-based IL program was developed where learning outcomes were linked to current patients and assessed with checklists. Weekly case presentations included clinicians' literature search strategies, results, and conclusions. Librarians provided support to clinicians' literature searches and assessed their presentations using a checklist. Main Results: Outcome data showed clinicians' searching skills improved over time; however, advanced MEDLINE searching remained challenging for some. Recommendations are provided. Conclusion: IL learning that takes place in context using measurable outcomes is more meaningful, is enduring, and likely contributes to patient care. Competence-based assessment drives learning in this environment. PMID:23133329

Creating wavelet-based models for real-time synthesis of perceptually convincing environmental sounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miner, Nadine Elizabeth

1998-09-01

This dissertation presents a new wavelet-based method for synthesizing perceptually convincing, dynamic sounds using parameterized sound models. The sound synthesis method is applicable to a variety of applications including Virtual Reality (VR), multi-media, entertainment, and the World Wide Web (WWW). A unique contribution of this research is the modeling of the stochastic, or non-pitched, sound components. This stochastic-based modeling approach leads to perceptually compelling sound synthesis. Two preliminary studies conducted provide data on multi-sensory interaction and audio-visual synchronization timing. These results contributed to the design of the new sound synthesis method. The method uses a four-phase development process, including analysis, parameterization, synthesis and validation, to create the wavelet-based sound models. A patent is pending for this dynamic sound synthesis method, which provides perceptually-realistic, real-time sound generation. This dissertation also presents a battery of perceptual experiments developed to verify the sound synthesis results. These experiments are applicable for validation of any sound synthesis technique.

A Linked List-Based Algorithm for Blob Detection on Embedded Vision-Based Sensors.

PubMed

Acevedo-Avila, Ricardo; Gonzalez-Mendoza, Miguel; Garcia-Garcia, Andres

2016-05-28

Blob detection is a common task in vision-based applications. Most existing algorithms are aimed at execution on general purpose computers; while very few can be adapted to the computing restrictions present in embedded platforms. This paper focuses on the design of an algorithm capable of real-time blob detection that minimizes system memory consumption. The proposed algorithm detects objects in one image scan; it is based on a linked-list data structure tree used to label blobs depending on their shape and node information. An example application showing the results of a blob detection co-processor has been built on a low-powered field programmable gate array hardware as a step towards developing a smart video surveillance system. The detection method is intended for general purpose application. As such, several test cases focused on character recognition are also examined. The results obtained present a fair trade-off between accuracy and memory requirements; and prove the validity of the proposed approach for real-time implementation on resource-constrained computing platforms.

Extraction of Trivalent Actinides and Lanthanides from Californium Campaign Rework Solution Using TODGA-based Solvent Extraction System

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benker, Dennis; Delmau, Laetitia Helene; Dryman, Joshua Cory

This report presents the studies carried out to demonstrate the possibility of quantitatively extracting trivalent actinides and lanthanides from highly acidic solutions using a neutral ligand-based solvent extraction system. These studies stemmed from the perceived advantage of such systems over cationexchange- based solvent extraction systems that require an extensive feed adjustment to make a low-acid feed. The targeted feed solutions are highly acidic aqueous phases obtained after the dissolution of curium targets during a californium (Cf) campaign. Results obtained with actual Cf campaign solutions, but highly diluted to be manageable in a glove box, are presented, followed by results ofmore » tests run in the hot cells with Cf campaign rework solutions. It was demonstrated that a solvent extraction system based on the tetraoctyl diglycolamide molecule is capable of quantitatively extracting trivalent actinides from highly acidic solutions. This system was validated using actual feeds from a Cf campaign.« less

A Particle Model Explaining Mass and Relativity in a Physical Way

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Giese, Albrecht

Physicists' understanding of relativity and the way it is handled is up to present days dominated by the interpretation of Albert Einstein, who related relativity to specific properties of space and time. The principal alternative to Einstein's interpretation is based on a concept proposed by Hendrik A. Lorentz, which uses knowledge of classical physics alone to explain relativistic phenomena. In this paper, we will show that on the one hand the Lorentz-based interpretation provides a simpler mathematical way of arriving at the known results for both Special and General Relativity. On the other hand, it is able to solve problems which have remained open to this day. Furthermore, a particle model will be presented, based on Lorentzian relativity and the quantum mechanical concept of Louis de Broglie, which explains the origin of mass without the use of the Higgs mechanism. It is based on the finiteness of the speed of light and provides classical results for particle properties which are currently only accessible through quantum mechanics.

Anti-wear additive content in fully synthetic PAO and PAG base oils and its effect on electrostatic and tribological phenomena in a rotating shaft-oil-lip seal system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gajewski, Juliusz B.; Głogowski, Marek J.

2013-03-01

The paper presents the results of experiments on electrostatic and tribological aspects of different anti-wear additive's contents when an additive is blended with different fully synthetic (poly-α-olefin) and PAG (polyalkylene glycol) base oils in a rotating shaft-oil and oil-lip seal interfacial system. The experimental results are the relationships of electric potential induced in a lip seal's stiffening ring to angular velocity of a rotating metal shaft and to temperature of the oils tested. The braking torque of a shaft is measured with a torquemeter sensor connected directly with a microprocessor-based system for controlling the rotational speed and for measuring the shaft's braking torque and oil temperature. The beneficial and promising results are obtained for PAG when an external DC electric field is applied to the system and the braking torque is then reduced for a certain combination of the base oil and additive's contents. On the basis of the former and present research results an analysis is made to permit one to show how the type of the oils and additives tested can affect both interfaces: rotating shaft-oil and oil-lip of the lip seal and especially the braking torque.

Sea Butterfly Swimming: Time-resolved Tomographic PIV measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murphy, David; Zheng, Lingxiao; Mittal, Rajat; Webster, Donald; Yen, Jeannette

2011-11-01

The planktonic sea butterfly Limacina helicina swims by flapping its flexible, wing-like parapodia. The appendage stroke kinematics of this shell-bearing pteropod are three-dimensional and likely contain elements of both drag-based (rowing) and lift-based (flapping) propulsion. Unsteady lift-generating mechanisms such as clap-and-fling may also be present. Upstroke and downstroke motions both propel the animal upward and roll it forwards and backwards, resulting in a sawtooth trajectory. We present time-resolved, tomographic PIV measurements of flow generated by free-swimming pteropods (Limacina helicina) moving upwards with average swimming speeds of 5 - 17 mm/s. The pteropods beat their appendages with a stroke frequency of 4 - 5 Hz. With a size range of 1 - 2 mm, the animals filmed in this study operate in a viscous environment with a Reynolds number of 5 to 20. The volumetric flow measurements provide insight into the three dimensional nature of the flow and into the relative importance of drag- and lift-based propulsion at this low Reynolds number. Preliminary results from Navier-Stokes simulations of the flow associated with the swimming of this organism will also be presented.

On the Computing Potential of Intracellular Vesicles

PubMed Central

Mayne, Richard; Adamatzky, Andrew

2015-01-01

Collision-based computing (CBC) is a form of unconventional computing in which travelling localisations represent data and conditional routing of signals determines the output state; collisions between localisations represent logical operations. We investigated patterns of Ca2+-containing vesicle distribution within a live organism, slime mould Physarum polycephalum, with confocal microscopy and observed them colliding regularly. Vesicles travel down cytoskeletal ‘circuitry’ and their collisions may result in reflection, fusion or annihilation. We demonstrate through experimental observations that naturally-occurring vesicle dynamics may be characterised as a computationally-universal set of Boolean logical operations and present a ‘vesicle modification’ of the archetypal CBC ‘billiard ball model’ of computation. We proceed to discuss the viability of intracellular vesicles as an unconventional computing substrate in which we delineate practical considerations for reliable vesicle ‘programming’ in both in vivo and in vitro vesicle computing architectures and present optimised designs for both single logical gates and combinatorial logic circuits based on cytoskeletal network conformations. The results presented here demonstrate the first characterisation of intracelluar phenomena as collision-based computing and hence the viability of biological substrates for computing. PMID:26431435

Calibration of areal surface topography measuring instruments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Seewig, J.; Eifler, M.

2017-06-01

The ISO standards which are related to the calibration of areal surface topography measuring instruments are the ISO 25178-6xx series which defines the relevant metrological characteristics for the calibration of different measuring principles and the ISO 25178-7xx series which defines the actual calibration procedures. As the field of areal measurement is however not yet fully standardized, there are still open questions to be addressed which are subject to current research. Based on this, selected research results of the authors in this area are presented. This includes the design and fabrication of areal material measures. For this topic, two examples are presented with the direct laser writing of a stepless material measure for the calibration of the height axis which is based on the Abbott- Curve and the manufacturing of a Siemens star for the determination of the lateral resolution limit. Based on these results, as well a new definition for the resolution criterion, the small scale fidelity, which is still under discussion, is presented. Additionally, a software solution for automated calibration procedures is outlined.

Expected progress based on aluminium galium nitride Focal Plan Array for near and deep Ultraviolet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reverchon, J.-L.; Robin, K.; Bansropun, S.; Gourdel, Y.; Robo, J.-A.; Truffer, J.-P.; Costard, E.; Brault, J.; Frayssinet, E.; Duboz, J.-Y.

The fast development of nitrides has given the opportunity to investigate AlGaN as a material for ultraviolet detection. A camera based on such a material presents an extremely low dark current at room temperature. It can compete with technologies based on photocathodes, MCP intensifiers, back thinned CCD or hybrid CMOS focal plane arrays for low flux measurements. First, we will present results on focal plane array of 320 × 256 pixels with a pitch of 30 μm. The peak responsivity is tuned from 260 nm to 360 nm in different cameras. All these results are obtained in a standard SWIR supply chaine and with AlGaN Schottky diodes grown on sapphire. We will present here the first attempts to transfer the standard design Schottky photodiodes on from sapphire to silicon substrates. We will show the capability to remove the silicon substrate, to etch the window layer in order to extend the band width to lower wavelength and to maintain the AlGaN membrane integrity.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Tactical Guidance for Fighter Aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McManus, John W.; Goodrich, Kenneth H.

1990-01-01

A research program investigating the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to aid in the development of a Tactical Decision Generator (TDG) for Within Visual Range (WVR) air combat engagements is discussed. The application of AI programming and problem solving methods in the development and implementation of the Computerized Logic For Air-to-Air Warfare Simulations (CLAWS), a second generation TDG, is presented. The Knowledge-Based Systems used by CLAWS to aid in the tactical decision-making process are outlined in detail, and the results of tests to evaluate the performance of CLAWS versus a baseline TDG developed in FORTRAN to run in real-time in the Langley Differential Maneuvering Simulator (DMS), are presented. To date, these test results have shown significant performance gains with respect to the TDG baseline in one-versus-one air combat engagements, and the AI-based TDG software has proven to be much easier to modify and maintain than the baseline FORTRAN TDG programs. Alternate computing environments and programming approaches, including the use of parallel algorithms and heterogeneous computer networks are discussed, and the design and performance of a prototype concurrent TDG system are presented.

A Teacher's Exploratory Inquiry of Language Awareness: Language Learner Perceptions from Oral Presentations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leichsenring, Andrew

2015-01-01

This paper presents a teacher-led inquiry into learner language awareness and learner perceptions of: oral presentations using first language (L1) support when using a second language (L2); and L2 learner and user identity. The quantitative-based results of this preliminary inquiry represent a source of understanding for the researcher, who later,…

Survey on the Present State of Bibliographic Recording in Freely Available Printed Form of Government Publications and Those of Intergovernmental Organizations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sinnassamy, Francoise

Results of a survey of 87 countries and 42 intergovernmental organizations on the present state of bibliographies, catalogs, and lists of official national and intergovernmental publications are presented in this report. Conclusions and recommendations are made based on a summary of the survey and intergovernmental publications. An alphabetical…

Testing increases suggestibility for narrative-based misinformation but reduces suggestibility for question-based misinformation.

PubMed

LaPaglia, Jessica A; Chan, Jason C K

2013-01-01

A number of recent studies have found that recalling details of an event following its occurrence can increase people's suggestibility to later presented misinformation. However, several other studies have reported the opposite result, whereby earlier retrieval can reduce subsequent eyewitness suggestibility. In the present study, we investigated whether differences in the way misinformation is presented can modulate the effects of testing on suggestibility. Participants watched a video of a robbery and some were questioned about the event immediately afterwards. Later, participants were exposed to misinformation in a narrative (Experiment 1) or in questions (Experiment 2). Consistent with previous studies, we found that testing increased suggestibility when misinformation was presented via a narrative. Remarkably, when misinformation was presented in questions, testing decreased suggestibility. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Effect of Pet Dogs on Children’s Perceived Stress and Cortisol Stress Response

PubMed Central

Kertes, Darlene A.; Liu, Jingwen; Hall, Nathan J.; Hadad, Natalie A.; Wynne, Clive D. L.; Bhatt, Samarth S.

2016-01-01

The present study tested whether pet dogs have stress-buffering effects for children during a validated laboratory-based protocol, the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C). Participants were 101 children aged 7–12 years with their primary caregivers and pet dogs. Children were randomly assigned in the TSST-C to a pet present condition or one of two comparison conditions: parent present or no support figure present. Baseline, response, and recovery indices of perceived stress and cortisol levels were computed based on children’s self-reported feelings of stress and salivary cortisol. Results indicated that in the alone (no social support) condition, children showed the expected rise for both perceived stress and cortisol response to stress. Pet dog presence significantly buffered the perceived stress response in comparison to children in the alone and parent present conditions. No main condition effect was observed for cortisol; however, for children experiencing the stressor with their pet present, lower cortisol response to stress was associated with more child-initiated petting and less dog proximity-seeking behavior. The results support the notion that pet dogs can provide socio-emotional benefits for children via stress buffering. PMID:28439150

Partial slip effect on non-aligned stagnation point nanofluid over a stretching convective surface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nadeem, S.; Rashid, Mehmood; Noreen Sher, Akbar

2015-01-01

The present study inspects the non-aligned stagnation point nano fluid over a convective surface in the presence of partial slip.Two types of base fluids namely water and kerosene are selected with Cu nanoparticles. The governing physical problem is presented and transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. These equations are then solved numerically using midpoint integration scheme along with Richardson extrapolation via Maple. Impact of relevant physical parameters on the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are portrayed through graphs. Physical quantities such as local skin frictions co-efficient and Nusselt numbers are tabularized. It is detected from numerical computations that kerosene-based nano fluids have better heat transfer capability compared with water-based nanofluids. Moreover it is found that water-based nanofluids offer less resistance in terms of skin friction than kerosene-based fluid. In order to authenticate our present study, the calculated results are compared with the prevailing literature and a considerable agreement is perceived for the limiting case.

Through the looking glass of a chemistry video game: Evaluating the effects of different MLEs presenting identical content material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hillman, Dustin S.

The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of different media-based learning environments (MLEs) that present identical chemistry content material. This is done with four different MLEs that utilize some or all components of a chemistry-based media-based prototype video game. Examination of general chemistry student volunteers purposefully randomized to one of four different MLEs did not provide evidence that the higher the level of interactivity resulted in a more effective MLE for the chemistry content. Data suggested that the cognitive load to play the chemistry-based video game may impaired the chemistry content being presented and recalled by the students while the students watching the movie of the chemistry-based video game were able to recall the chemistry content more efficiently. Further studies in this area need to address the overall cognitive load of the different MLEs to potentially better determine what the most effective MLE may be for this chemistry content.

Vehicle Speed and Length Estimation Using Data from Two Anisotropic Magneto-Resistive (AMR) Sensors

PubMed Central

Markevicius, Vytautas; Navikas, Dangirutis; Valinevicius, Algimantas; Zilys, Mindaugas

2017-01-01

Methods for estimating a car’s length are presented in this paper, as well as the results achieved by using a self-designed system equipped with two anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) sensors, which were placed on a road lane. The purpose of the research was to compare the lengths of mid-size cars, i.e., family cars (hatchbacks), saloons (sedans), station wagons and SUVs. Four methods were used in the research: a simple threshold based method, a threshold method based on moving average and standard deviation, a two-extreme-peak detection method and a method based on the amplitude and time normalization using linear extrapolation (or interpolation). The results were achieved by analyzing changes in the magnitude and in the absolute z-component of the magnetic field as well. The tests, which were performed in four different Earth directions, show differences in the values of estimated lengths. The magnitude-based results in the case when cars drove from the South to the North direction were even up to 1.2 m higher than the other results achieved using the threshold methods. Smaller differences in lengths were observed when the distances were measured between two extreme peaks in the car magnetic signatures. The results were summarized in tables and the errors of estimated lengths were presented. The maximal errors, related to real lengths, were up to 22%. PMID:28771171

Physics of Colloids in Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Weitz, Dave; Weeks, Eric; Gasser, Urs; Dinsmore, Tony; Mawley, Suliana; Segre, Phil; Cipelletti, Lucia

2000-01-01

This talk will present recent results from ground-based research to support the "Physics of Colloids in Space" project which is scheduled to fly in the ISS approximately one year from now. In addition, results supporting future planned flights will be discussed.

Power Grid Data Analysis with R and Hadoop

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hafen, Ryan P.; Gibson, Tara D.; Kleese van Dam, Kerstin

This book chapter presents an approach to analysis of large-scale time-series sensor information based on our experience with power grid data. We use the R-Hadoop Integrated Programming Environment (RHIPE) to analyze a 2TB data set and present code and results for this analysis.

A microprocessor-based table lookup approach for magnetic bearing linearization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Groom, N. J.; Miller, J. B.

1981-01-01

An approach for producing a linear transfer characteristic between force command and force output of a magnetic bearing actuator without flux biasing is presented. The approach is microprocessor based and uses a table lookup to generate drive signals for the magnetic bearing power driver. An experimental test setup used to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach is described, and test results are presented. The test setup contains bearing elements similar to those used in a laboratory model annular momentum control device.

An internet graph model based on trade-off optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alvarez-Hamelin, J. I.; Schabanel, N.

2004-03-01

This paper presents a new model for the Internet graph (AS graph) based on the concept of heuristic trade-off optimization, introduced by Fabrikant, Koutsoupias and Papadimitriou in[CITE] to grow a random tree with a heavily tailed degree distribution. We propose here a generalization of this approach to generate a general graph, as a candidate for modeling the Internet. We present the results of our simulations and an analysis of the standard parameters measured in our model, compared with measurements from the physical Internet graph.

Robust model predictive control for satellite formation keeping with eccentricity/inclination vector separation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lim, Yeerang; Jung, Youeyun; Bang, Hyochoong

2018-05-01

This study presents model predictive formation control based on an eccentricity/inclination vector separation strategy. Alternative collision avoidance can be accomplished by using eccentricity/inclination vectors and adding a simple goal function term for optimization process. Real-time control is also achievable with model predictive controller based on convex formulation. Constraint-tightening approach is address as well improve robustness of the controller, and simulation results are presented to verify performance enhancement for the proposed approach.

Development and Evaluation of an Order-N Formulation for Multi-Flexible Body Space Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ghosh, Tushar K.; Quiocho, Leslie J.

2013-01-01

This paper presents development of a generic recursive Order-N algorithm for systems with rigid and flexible bodies, in tree or closed-loop topology, with N being the number of bodies of the system. Simulation results are presented for several test cases to verify and evaluate the performance of the code compared to an existing efficient dense mass matrix-based code. The comparison brought out situations where Order-N or mass matrix-based algorithms could be useful.

A Modified Rodrigues Parameter-based Nonlinear Observer Design for Spacecraft Gyroscope Parameters Estimation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yong, Kilyuk; Jo, Sujang; Bang, Hyochoong

This paper presents a modified Rodrigues parameter (MRP)-based nonlinear observer design to estimate bias, scale factor and misalignment of gyroscope measurements. A Lyapunov stability analysis is carried out for the nonlinear observer. Simulation is performed and results are presented illustrating the performance of the proposed nonlinear observer under the condition of persistent excitation maneuver. In addition, a comparison between the nonlinear observer and alignment Kalman filter (AKF) is made to highlight favorable features of the nonlinear observer.

Compiler-directed cache management in multiprocessors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cheong, Hoichi; Veidenbaum, Alexander V.

1990-01-01

The necessity of finding alternatives to hardware-based cache coherence strategies for large-scale multiprocessor systems is discussed. Three different software-based strategies sharing the same goals and general approach are presented. They consist of a simple invalidation approach, a fast selective invalidation scheme, and a version control scheme. The strategies are suitable for shared-memory multiprocessor systems with interconnection networks and a large number of processors. Results of trace-driven simulations conducted on numerical benchmark routines to compare the performance of the three schemes are presented.

Determination of the spin and recovery characteristics of a typical low-wing general aviation design

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tischler, M. B.; Barlow, J. B.

1980-01-01

The equilibrium spin technique implemented in a graphical form for obtaining spin and recovery characteristics from rotary balance data is outlined. Results of its application to recent rotary balance tests of the NASA Low-Wing General Aviation Aircraft are discussed. The present results, which are an extension of previously published findings, indicate the ability of the equilibrium method to accurately evaluate spin modes and recovery control effectiveness. A comparison of the calculated results with available spin tunnel and full scale findings is presented. The technique is suitable for preliminary design applications as determined from the available results and data base requirements. A full discussion of implementation considerations and a summary of the results obtained from this method to date are presented.

Passive acoustic mapping of cavitation using eigenspace-based robust Capon beamformer in ultrasound therapy.

PubMed

Lu, Shukuan; Hu, Hong; Yu, Xianbo; Long, Jiangying; Jing, Bowen; Zong, Yujin; Wan, Mingxi

2018-03-01

Pulse-echo imaging technique can only play a role when high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is turned off due to the interference between the primary HIFU signal and the transmission pulse. Passive acoustic mapping (PAM) has been proposed as a tool for true real-time monitoring of HIFU therapy. However, the most-used PAM algorithm based on time exposure acoustic (TEA) limits the quality of cavitation image. Recently, robust Capon beamformer (RCB) has been used in PAM to provide improved resolution and reduced artifacts over TEA-based PAM, but the presented results have not been satisfactory. In the present study, we applied an eigenspace-based RCB (EISRCB) method to further improve the PAM image quality. The optimal weighting vector of the proposed method was found by projecting the RCB weighting vector onto the desired vector subspace constructed from the eigenstructure of the covariance matrix. The performance of the proposed PAM was validated by both simulations and in vitro histotripsy experiments. The results suggested that the proposed PAM significantly outperformed the conventionally used TEA and RCB-based PAM. The comparison results between pulse-echo images of the residual bubbles and cavitation images showed the potential of our proposed PAM in accurate localization of cavitation activity during HIFU therapy. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Distributed Deliberative Recommender Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Recio-García, Juan A.; Díaz-Agudo, Belén; González-Sanz, Sergio; Sanchez, Lara Quijano

Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is one of most successful applied AI technologies of recent years. Although many CBR systems reason locally on a previous experience base to solve new problems, in this paper we focus on distributed retrieval processes working on a network of collaborating CBR systems. In such systems, each node in a network of CBR agents collaborates, arguments and counterarguments its local results with other nodes to improve the performance of the system's global response. We describe D2ISCO: a framework to design and implement deliberative and collaborative CBR systems that is integrated as a part of jcolibritwo an established framework in the CBR community. We apply D2ISCO to one particular simplified type of CBR systems: recommender systems. We perform a first case study for a collaborative music recommender system and present the results of an experiment of the accuracy of the system results using a fuzzy version of the argumentation system AMAL and a network topology based on a social network. Besides individual recommendation we also discuss how D2ISCO can be used to improve recommendations to groups and we present a second case of study based on the movie recommendation domain with heterogeneous groups according to the group personality composition and a group topology based on a social network.

Design of durability test protocol for vehicular fuel cell systems operated in power-follow mode based on statistical results of on-road data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Liangfei; Reimer, Uwe; Li, Jianqiu; Huang, Haiyan; Hu, Zunyan; Jiang, Hongliang; Janßen, Holger; Ouyang, Minggao; Lehnert, Werner

2018-02-01

City buses using polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are considered to be the most likely fuel cell vehicles to be commercialized in China. The technical specifications of the fuel cell systems (FCSs) these buses are equipped with will differ based on the powertrain configurations and vehicle control strategies, but can generally be classified into the power-follow and soft-run modes. Each mode imposes different levels of electrochemical stress on the fuel cells. Evaluating the aging behavior of fuel cell stacks under the conditions encountered in fuel cell buses requires new durability test protocols based on statistical results obtained during actual driving tests. In this study, we propose a systematic design method for fuel cell durability test protocols that correspond to the power-follow mode based on three parameters for different fuel cell load ranges. The powertrain configurations and control strategy are described herein, followed by a presentation of the statistical data for the duty cycles of FCSs in one city bus in the demonstration project. Assessment protocols are presented based on the statistical results using mathematical optimization methods, and are compared to existing protocols with respect to common factors, such as time at open circuit voltage and root-mean-square power.

Cognitive Inflexibility in Gamblers is Primarily Present in Reward-Related Decision Making

PubMed Central

Boog, Michiel; Höppener, Paul; v. d. Wetering, Ben J. M.; Goudriaan, Anna E.; Boog, Matthijs C.; Franken, Ingmar H. A.

2014-01-01

One hallmark of gambling disorder (GD) is the observation that gamblers have problems stopping their gambling behavior once it is initiated. On a neuropsychological level, it has been hypothesized that this is the result of a cognitive inflexibility. The present study investigated cognitive inflexibility in patients with GD using a task involving cognitive inflexibility with a reward element (i.e., reversal learning) and a task measuring general cognitive inflexibility without such a component (i.e., response perseveration). For this purpose, scores of a reward-based reversal learning task (probabilistic reversal learning task) and the Wisconsin card sorting task were compared between a group of treatment seeking patients with GD and a gender and age matched control group. The results show that pathological gamblers have impaired performance on the neurocognitive task measuring reward-based cognitive inflexibility. However, no difference between the groups is observed regarding non-reward-based cognitive inflexibility. This suggests that cognitive inflexibility in GD is the result of an aberrant reward-based learning, and not based on a more general problem with cognitive flexibility. The pattern of observed problems is suggestive of a dysfunction of the orbitofrontal cortex, the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and the ventral regions of the striatum in gamblers. Relevance for the neurocognition of problematic gambling is discussed. PMID:25165438

The Effect of Strain on the Base Resistance and Transit Time of Ungraded and Compositional-Graded SiGe HBTs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rosenfeld, D.; Alterovitz, S. A.

1994-01-01

A theoretical study of the effects of the strain on the base properties of ungraded and compositional-graded n-p-n SiGe Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBT) is presented. The dependencies of the transverse hole mobility and longitudinal electron mobility upon strain, composition and doping, are formulated using published Monte-Carlo data and, consequently, the base resistance and transit time are modeled and calculated. The results are compared to results obtained using common formulas that ignore these dependencies. The differences between the two sets of results are shown. The paper's conclusion is that for the design, analysis and optimization of high frequency SiGe HBTs the strain effects on the base properties cannot be ignored.

An Overview of Preliminary Computational and Experimental Results for the Semi-Span Super-Sonic Transport (S4T) Wind-Tunnel Model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Silva, Walter A.; Perry, Boyd, III; Florance, James R.; Sanetrik, Mark D.; Wieseman, Carol D.; Stevens, William L.; Funk, Christie J.; Hur, Jiyoung; Christhilf, David M.; Coulson, David A.

2011-01-01

A summary of computational and experimental aeroelastic and aeroservoelastic (ASE) results for the Semi-Span Super-Sonic Transport (S4T) wind-tunnel model is presented. A broad range of analyses and multiple ASE wind-tunnel tests of the S4T have been performed in support of the ASE element in the Supersonics Program, part of NASA's Fundamental Aeronautics Program. The computational results to be presented include linear aeroelastic and ASE analyses, nonlinear aeroelastic analyses using an aeroelastic CFD code, and rapid aeroelastic analyses using CFD-based reduced-order models (ROMs). Experimental results from two closed-loop wind-tunnel tests performed at NASA Langley's Transonic Dynamics Tunnel (TDT) will be presented as well.

An Analysis of the Connectedness to Nature Scale Based on Item Response Theory.

PubMed

Pasca, Laura; Aragonés, Juan I; Coello, María T

2017-01-01

The Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) is used as a measure of the subjective cognitive connection between individuals and nature. However, to date, it has not been analyzed at the item level to confirm its quality. In the present study, we conduct such an analysis based on Item Response Theory. We employed data from previous studies using the Spanish-language version of the CNS, analyzing a sample of 1008 participants. The results show that seven items presented appropriate indices of discrimination and difficulty, in addition to a good fit. The remaining six have inadequate discrimination indices and do not present a good fit. A second study with 321 participants shows that the seven-item scale has adequate levels of reliability and validity. Therefore, it would be appropriate to use a reduced version of the scale after eliminating the items that display inappropriate behavior, since they may interfere with research results on connectedness to nature.

An unusual presentation of carcinomatous meningitis

PubMed Central

Foo, Chuan T.; Burrell, Louise M.; Johnson, Douglas F.

2016-01-01

A 67-year old previously well male presented with a 1 week history of confusion on a background of 3 weeks of headache. Past history included two superficial melanomas excised 5 years ago. Treatment for meningoencephalitis was commenced based on lumbar puncture (LP) and non-contrast brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. Lack of a clinical response to antibiotics resulted in a second LP and contrast brain MRI which demonstrated hydrocephalus and leptomeningeal disease. Ongoing deterioration led to a whole-body computed tomographic and spinal MRI that showed widespread metastatic disease and extensive leptomeningeal involvement of the spinal cord. The diagnosis of metastatic melanoma with carcinomatous meningitis was made based on cytological analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. He died 2 weeks later in a palliative care facility. This case illustrates that the diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis can be difficult to make as the heterogeneous nature of its presentation often delays the diagnosis. PMID:27574561

Ab initio approach to the ion stopping power at the plasma-solid interface

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bonitz, Michael; Schlünzen, Niclas; Wulff, Lasse; Joost, Jan-Philip; Balzer, Karsten

2016-10-01

The energy loss of ions in solids is of key relevance for many applications of plasmas, ranging from plasma technology to fusion. Standard approaches are based on density functional theory or SRIM simulations, however, the applicability range and accuracy of these results are difficult to assess, in particular, for low energies. Here we present an independent approach that is based on ab initio nonequilibrium Green functions theory, e.g. that allows to incorporate electronic correlations effects of the solid. We present the first application of this method to low-temperature plasmas, concentrating on proton and alpha-particle stopping in a graphene layer. In addition to the stopping power we present time-dependent results for the local electron density, the spectral function and the photoemission spectrum that is directly accessible in optical, UV or x-ray diagnostics. http://www.itap.uni-kiel.de/theo-physik/bonitz/.

Carbon Nanotube Based Groundwater Remediation: The Case of Trichloroethylene.

PubMed

Jha, Kshitij C; Liu, Zhuonan; Vijwani, Hema; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna; Mukhopadhyay, Sharmila M; Tsige, Mesfin

2016-07-21

Adsorption of chlorinated organic contaminants (COCs) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been gaining ground as a remedial platform for groundwater treatment. Applications depend on our mechanistic understanding of COC adsorption on CNTs. This paper lays out the nature of competing interactions at play in hybrid, membrane, and pure CNT based systems and presents results with the perspective of existing gaps in design strategies. First, current remediation approaches to trichloroethylene (TCE), the most ubiquitous of the COCs, is presented along with examination of forces contributing to adsorption of analogous contaminants at the molecular level. Second, we present results on TCE adsorption and remediation on pure and hybrid CNT systems with a stress on the specific nature of substrate and molecular architecture that would contribute to competitive adsorption. The delineation of intermolecular interactions that contribute to efficient remediation is needed for custom, scalable field design of purification systems for a wide range of contaminants.

Analytical Solution of Displacements Around Circular Openings in Generalized Hoek-Brown Rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Houxu; Li, Jie; Wei, Jiuqi

2017-09-01

The rock in plastic region is divided into numbers of elements by the slip lines, resulted from shear localization. During the deformation process, the elements will slip along the slip lines and the displacement field is discontinuous. Slip lines around circular opening in isotropic rock, subjected to hydrostatic stress are described by the logarithmic spirals. Deformation of the plastic region is mainly attributed to the slippage. Relationship between the shear stresses and slippage on slip lines is presented, based on the study of Revuzhenko and Shemyakin. Relations between slippage and rock failure are described, based on the elastic-brittle-plastic model. An analytical solution is presented for the plane strain analysis of displacements around circular openings in the Generalized Hoek-Brown rock. With properly choosing of slippage parameters, results obtained by using the proposed solution agree well with those presented in published sources.

Boolean approach to dichotomic quantum measurement theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nagata, K.; Nakamura, T.; Batle, J.; Abdalla, S.; Farouk, A.

2017-02-01

Recently, a new measurement theory based on truth values was proposed by Nagata and Nakamura [Int. J. Theor. Phys. 55, 3616 (2016)], that is, a theory where the results of measurements are either 0 or 1. The standard measurement theory accepts a hidden variable model for a single Pauli observable. Hence, we can introduce a classical probability space for the measurement theory in this particular case. Additionally, we discuss in the present contribution the fact that projective measurement theories (the results of which are either +1 or -1) imply the Bell, Kochen, and Specker (BKS) paradox for a single Pauli observable. To justify our assertion, we present the BKS theorem in almost all the two-dimensional states by using a projective measurement theory. As an example, we present the BKS theorem in two-dimensions with white noise. Our discussion provides new insight into the quantum measurement problem by using this measurement theory based on the truth values.

Real-time absorption and scattering characterization of slab-shaped turbid samples obtained by a combination of angular and spatially resolved measurements.

PubMed

Dam, Jan S; Yavari, Nazila; Sørensen, Søren; Andersson-Engels, Stefan

2005-07-10

We present a fast and accurate method for real-time determination of the absorption coefficient, the scattering coefficient, and the anisotropy factor of thin turbid samples by using simple continuous-wave noncoherent light sources. The three optical properties are extracted from recordings of angularly resolved transmittance in addition to spatially resolved diffuse reflectance and transmittance. The applied multivariate calibration and prediction techniques are based on multiple polynomial regression in combination with a Newton--Raphson algorithm. The numerical test results based on Monte Carlo simulations showed mean prediction errors of approximately 0.5% for all three optical properties within ranges typical for biological media. Preliminary experimental results are also presented yielding errors of approximately 5%. Thus the presented methods show a substantial potential for simultaneous absorption and scattering characterization of turbid media.

Cloud Computing-based Platform for Drought Decision-Making using Remote Sensing and Modeling Products: Preliminary Results for Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vivoni, E.; Mascaro, G.; Shupe, J. W.; Hiatt, C.; Potter, C. S.; Miller, R. L.; Stanley, J.; Abraham, T.; Castilla-Rubio, J.

2012-12-01

Droughts and their hydrological consequences are a major threat to food security throughout the world. In arid and semiarid regions dependent on irrigated agriculture, prolonged droughts lead to significant and recurring economic and social losses. In this contribution, we present preliminary results on integrating a set of multi-resolution drought indices into a cloud computing-based visualization platform. We focused our initial efforts on Brazil due to a severe, on-going drought in a large agricultural area in the northeastern part of the country. The online platform includes drought products developed from: (1) a MODIS-based water stress index (WSI) based on inferences from normalized difference vegetation index and land surface temperature fields, (2) a volumetric water content (VWC) index obtained from application of the NASA CASA model, and (3) a set of AVHRR-based vegetation health indices obtained from NOAA/NESDIS. The drought indices are also presented in terms of anomalies with respect to a baseline period. Since our main objective is to engage stakeholders and decision-makers in Brazil, we incorporated other relevant geospatial data into the platform, including irrigation areas, dams and reservoirs, administrative units and annual climate information. We will also present a set of use cases developed to help stakeholders explore, query and provide feedback that allowed fine-tuning of the drought product delivery, presentation and analysis tools. Finally, we discuss potential next steps in development of the online platform, including applications at finer resolutions in specific basins and at a coarser global scale.

Subsonic and supersonic static aerodynamic characteristics of a family of bulbous base cones measured with a magnetic suspension and balance system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vlajinac, M.; Stephens, T.; Gilliam, G.; Pertsas, N.

1972-01-01

Results of subsonic and supersonic wind-tunnel tests with a magnetic balance and suspension system on a family of bulbous based cone configurations are presented. At subsonic speeds the base flow and separation characteristics of these configurations is shown to have a pronounced effect on the static data. Results obtained with the presence of a dummy sting are compared with support interference free data. Support interference is shown to have a substantial effect on the measured aerodynamic coefficient.

Passivity-Based Control for Two-Wheeled Robot Stabilization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uddin, Nur; Aryo Nugroho, Teguh; Agung Pramudito, Wahyu

2018-04-01

A passivity-based control system design for two-wheeled robot (TWR) stabilization is presented. A TWR is a statically-unstable non-linear system. A control system is applied to actively stabilize the TWR. Passivity-based control method is applied to design the control system. The design results in a state feedback control law that makes the TWR closed loop system globally asymptotically stable (GAS). The GAS is proven mathematically. The TWR stabilization is demonstrated through computer simulation. The simulation results show that the designed control system is able to stabilize the TWR.

BIM-Based E-Procurement: An Innovative Approach to Construction E-Procurement

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

This paper presents an innovative approach to e-procurement in construction, which uses building information models (BIM) to support the construction procurement process. The result is an integrated and electronic instrument connected to a rich knowledge base capable of advanced operations and able to strengthen transaction relationships and collaboration throughout the supply chain. The BIM-based e-procurement prototype has been developed using distinct existing electronic solutions and an IFC server and was tested in a pilot case study, which supported further discussions of the results of the research. PMID:26090518

Trellis-coded CPM for satellite-based mobile communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abrishamkar, Farrokh; Biglieri, Ezio

1988-01-01

Digital transmission for satellite-based land mobile communications is discussed. To satisfy the power and bandwidth limitations imposed on such systems, a combination of trellis coding and continuous-phase modulated signals are considered. Some schemes based on this idea are presented, and their performance is analyzed by computer simulation. The results obtained show that a scheme based on directional detection and Viterbi decoding appears promising for practical applications.

A Full-Text-Based Search Engine for Finding Highly Matched Documents Across Multiple Categories

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Hung D.; Steele, Gynelle C.

2016-01-01

This report demonstrates the full-text-based search engine that works on any Web-based mobile application. The engine has the capability to search databases across multiple categories based on a user's queries and identify the most relevant or similar. The search results presented here were found using an Android (Google Co.) mobile device; however, it is also compatible with other mobile phones.

Acoustic Shaping: Enabling Technology for a Space-Based Economy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komerath, N. M.; Matos, C. A.; Coker, A.; Wanis, S.; Hausaman, J.; Ames, R. G.; Tan, X. Y.

1999-01-01

This abstract presents three points for discussion: (1) Key to the development of civilization in space, is a space-based marketplace, where the need to compete in earth-based markets is removed, along with the constraint of launch costs from Earth. (2) A body of technical results, obtained by the authors' team, indicates promise for non-contact manufacturing in space, of low-cost items required for human presence in space. This is presented along with various other techniques which hold promise. (3) The economics of starting a space-based production company are heavily dependent on the presence of a rudimentary infrastructure. A national-level investment in space-based infrastructure, would be an essential catalyst for the development of a space-based economy. Some suggestions for the beginnings of this infrastructure are repeated from the literature.

Getting Districtwide Results

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McBeath, Angus

2006-01-01

This monograph is based on a keynote presentation by Angus McBeath at the "Getting Districtwide Results" Conference in Long Beach, California, which was co-sponsored by the Cross City Campaign for Urban School Reform and Focus on Results. The author, a former superintendent of the Edmonton Public Schools, how his school district was…

Main atmospheric heavy metal sources in Portugal by biomonitor analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reis, M. A.; Alves, L. C.; Wolterbeek, H. Th.; Verburg, T.; Freitas, M. C.; Gouveia, A.

1996-04-01

During the months of July and August of 1993 a lichen collection campaign was held in Portugal where about 250 samples were collected and analysed by thick target PIXE and INAA. Results for 43 different elements were obtained and a data base was built and subjected to Monte Carlo aided target transform factor analysis (MCATTFA), method developed at IRI TU Delft. 10 × 10 km coast and 50 × 50 km far from coast sampling grids were used for collection, concentration data as well as factor patterns were extrapolated to the whole country making use of an extinction rule of 1/r 3. In this work we present the results that were obtained based on a reduced data set of 22 elements measured by TTPIXE. The results for INAA data subset and the total data set are presented elsewhere.

Algebraic model checking for Boolean gene regulatory networks.

PubMed

Tran, Quoc-Nam

2011-01-01

We present a computational method in which modular and Groebner bases (GB) computation in Boolean rings are used for solving problems in Boolean gene regulatory networks (BN). In contrast to other known algebraic approaches, the degree of intermediate polynomials during the calculation of Groebner bases using our method will never grow resulting in a significant improvement in running time and memory space consumption. We also show how calculation in temporal logic for model checking can be done by means of our direct and efficient Groebner basis computation in Boolean rings. We present our experimental results in finding attractors and control strategies of Boolean networks to illustrate our theoretical arguments. The results are promising. Our algebraic approach is more efficient than the state-of-the-art model checker NuSMV on BNs. More importantly, our approach finds all solutions for the BN problems.

Assessment of disk MHD generators for a base load powerplant

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chubb, D. L.; Retallick, F. D.; Lu, C. L.; Stella, M.; Teare, J. D.; Loubsky, W. J.; Louis, J. F.; Misra, B.

1981-01-01

Results from a study of the disk MHD generator are presented. Both open and closed cycle disk systems were investigated. Costing of the open cycle disk components (nozzle, channel, diffuser, radiant boiler, magnet and power management) was done. However, no detailed costing was done for the closed cycle systems. Preliminary plant design for the open cycle systems was also completed. Based on the system study results, an economic assessment of the open cycle systems is presented. Costs of the open cycle disk conponents are less than comparable linear generator components. Also, costs of electricity for the open cycle disk systems are competitive with comparable linear systems. Advantages of the disk design simplicity are considered. Improvements in the channel availability or a reduction in the channel lifetime requirement are possible as a result of the disk design.

The Training of Morphological Decomposition in Word Processing and Its Effects on Literacy Skills.

PubMed

Bar-Kochva, Irit; Hasselhorn, Marcus

2017-01-01

This study set out to examine the effects of a morpheme-based training on reading and spelling in fifth and sixth graders ( N = 47), who present poor literacy skills and speak German as a second language. A computerized training, consisting of a visual lexical decision task (comprising 2,880 items, presented in 12 sessions), was designed to encourage fast morphological analysis in word processing. The children were divided between two groups: the one underwent a morpheme-based training, in which word-stems of inflections and derivations were presented for a limited duration, while their pre- and suffixes remained on screen until response. Another group received a control training consisting of the same task, except that the duration of presentation of a non-morphological unit was restricted. In a Word Disruption Task, participants read words under three conditions: morphological separation (with symbols separating between the words' morphemes), non-morphological separation (with symbols separating between non-morphological units of words), and no-separation (with symbols presented at the beginning and end of each word). The group receiving the morpheme-based program improved more than the control group in terms of word reading fluency in the morphological condition. The former group also presented similar word reading fluency after training in the morphological condition and in the no-separation condition, thereby suggesting that the morpheme-based training contributed to the integration of morphological decomposition into the process of word recognition. At the same time, both groups similarly improved in other measures of word reading fluency. With regard to spelling, the morpheme-based training group showed a larger improvement than the control group in spelling of trained items, and a unique improvement in spelling of untrained items (untrained word-stems integrated into trained pre- and suffixes). The results further suggest some contribution of the morpheme-based training to performance in a standardized spelling task. The morpheme-based training did not, however, show any unique effect on comprehension. These results suggest that the morpheme-based training is effective in enhancing some basic literacy skill in the population examined, i.e., morphological analysis in word processing and the access to orthographic representations in spelling, with no specific effects on reading fluency and comprehension.

The Training of Morphological Decomposition in Word Processing and Its Effects on Literacy Skills

PubMed Central

Bar-Kochva, Irit; Hasselhorn, Marcus

2017-01-01

This study set out to examine the effects of a morpheme-based training on reading and spelling in fifth and sixth graders (N = 47), who present poor literacy skills and speak German as a second language. A computerized training, consisting of a visual lexical decision task (comprising 2,880 items, presented in 12 sessions), was designed to encourage fast morphological analysis in word processing. The children were divided between two groups: the one underwent a morpheme-based training, in which word-stems of inflections and derivations were presented for a limited duration, while their pre- and suffixes remained on screen until response. Another group received a control training consisting of the same task, except that the duration of presentation of a non-morphological unit was restricted. In a Word Disruption Task, participants read words under three conditions: morphological separation (with symbols separating between the words’ morphemes), non-morphological separation (with symbols separating between non-morphological units of words), and no-separation (with symbols presented at the beginning and end of each word). The group receiving the morpheme-based program improved more than the control group in terms of word reading fluency in the morphological condition. The former group also presented similar word reading fluency after training in the morphological condition and in the no-separation condition, thereby suggesting that the morpheme-based training contributed to the integration of morphological decomposition into the process of word recognition. At the same time, both groups similarly improved in other measures of word reading fluency. With regard to spelling, the morpheme-based training group showed a larger improvement than the control group in spelling of trained items, and a unique improvement in spelling of untrained items (untrained word-stems integrated into trained pre- and suffixes). The results further suggest some contribution of the morpheme-based training to performance in a standardized spelling task. The morpheme-based training did not, however, show any unique effect on comprehension. These results suggest that the morpheme-based training is effective in enhancing some basic literacy skill in the population examined, i.e., morphological analysis in word processing and the access to orthographic representations in spelling, with no specific effects on reading fluency and comprehension. PMID:29163245

Emerging GaN-based HEMTs for mechanical sensing within harsh environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Köck, Helmut; Chapin, Caitlin A.; Ostermaier, Clemens; Häberlen, Oliver; Senesky, Debbie G.

2014-06-01

Gallium nitride based high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) have been investigated extensively as an alternative to Si-based power transistors by academia and industry over the last decade. It is well known that GaN-based HEMTs outperform Si-based technologies in terms of power density, area specific on-state resistance and switching speed. Recently, wide band-gap material systems have stirred interest regarding their use in various sensing fields ranging from chemical, mechanical, biological to optical applications due to their superior material properties. For harsh environments, wide bandgap sensor systems are deemed to be superior when compared to conventional Si-based systems. A new monolithic sensor platform based on the GaN HEMT electronic structure will enable engineers to design highly efficient propulsion systems widely applicable to the automotive, aeronautics and astronautics industrial sectors. In this paper, the advancements of GaN-based HEMTs for mechanical sensing applications are discussed. Of particular interest are multilayered heterogeneous structures where spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization between the interface results in the formation of a 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). Experimental results presented focus on the signal transduction under strained operating conditions in harsh environments. It is shown that a conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT has a strong dependence of drain current under strained conditions, thus representing a promising future sensor platform. Ultimately, this work explores the sensor performance of conventional GaN HEMTs and leverages existing technological advances available in power electronics device research. The results presented have the potential to boost GaN-based sensor development through the integration of HEMT device and sensor design research.

Using Android-Based Educational Game for Learning Colloid Material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sari, S.; Anjani, R.; Farida, I.; Ramdhani, M. A.

2017-09-01

This research is based on the importance of the development of student’s chemical literacy on Colloid material using Android-based educational game media. Educational game products are developed through research and development design. In the analysis phase, material analysis is performed to generate concept maps, determine chemical literacy indicators, game strategies and set game paths. In the design phase, product packaging is carried out, then validation and feasibility test are performed. Research produces educational game based on Android that has the characteristics that is: Colloid material presented in 12 levels of game in the form of questions and challenges, presents visualization of discourse, images and animation contextually to develop the process of thinking and attitude. Based on the analysis of validation and trial results, the product is considered feasible to use.

Initial Single Event Effects Testing of the Xilinx Virtex-4 Field Programmable Gate Array

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, Gregory R.; Swift, Gary M.; Carmichael, C.; Tseng, C.

2007-01-01

We present initial results for the thin epitaxial Xilinx Virtex-4 Fie ld Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and compare to previous results ob tained for the Virtex-II and Virtex-II Pro. The data presented was a cquired through a consortium based effort with the common goal of pr oviding the space community with data and mitigation methods for the use of Xilinx FPGAs in space.

Aeroelastic Deflection of NURBS Geometry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Samareh, Jamshid A.

1998-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm for using NonUniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) representation in an aeroelastic loop. The algorithm is based on creating a least-squares NURBS surface representing the aeroelastic defection. The resulting NURBS surfaces are used to update either the original Computer- Aided Design (CAD) model, Computational Structural Mechanics (CSM) grid or the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) grid. Results are presented for a generic High-Speed Civil Transport (HSCT).

Hypersonic Experimental and Computational Capability, Improvement and Validation. Volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Muylaert, Jean (Editor); Kumar, Ajay (Editor); Dujarric, Christian (Editor)

1998-01-01

The results of the phase 2 effort conducted under AGARD Working Group 18 on Hypersonic Experimental and Computational Capability, Improvement and Validation are presented in this report. The first volume, published in May 1996, mainly focused on the design methodology, plans and some initial results of experiments that had been conducted to serve as validation benchmarks. The current volume presents the detailed experimental and computational data base developed during this effort.

Content and structure of knowledge base used for virtual control of android arm motion in specified environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pritykin, F. N.; Nebritov, V. I.

2018-01-01

The paper presents the configuration of knowledge base necessary for intelligent control of android arm mechanism motion with different positions of certain forbidden regions taken into account. The present structure of the knowledge base characterizes the past experience of arm motion synthesis in the vector of velocities with due regard for the known obstacles. This structure also specifies its intrinsic properties. Knowledge base generation is based on the study of the arm mechanism instantaneous states implementations. Computational experiments connected with the virtual control of android arm motion with known forbidden regions using the developed knowledge base are introduced. Using the developed knowledge base to control virtually the arm motion reduces the time of test assignments calculation. The results of the research can be used in developing control systems of autonomous android robots in the known in advance environment.

Secondary Crystal Growth on a Cracked Hydrotalcite-Based Film Synthesized by the Sol-Gel Method.

PubMed

Lee, Wooyoung; Lee, Chan Hyun; Lee, Ki Bong

2016-05-02

The sol-gel synthesis method is an attractive technology for the fabrication of ceramic films due to its preparation simplicity and ease of varying the metal composition. However, this technique presents some limitations in relation to the film thickness. Notably, when the film thickness exceeds the critical limit, large tensile stresses occur, resulting in a cracked morphology. In this study, a secondary crystal growth method was introduced as a post-treatment process for Mg/Al hydrotalcite-based films synthesized by the sol-gel method, which typically present a cracked morphology. The cracked hydrotalcite-based film was hydrothermally treated for the secondary growth of hydrotalcite crystals. In the resulting film, hydrotalcite grew with a vertical orientation, and the gaps formed during the sol-gel synthesis were filled with hydrotalcite after the crystal growth. The secondary crystal growth method provides a new solution for cracked ceramic films synthesized by the sol-gel method.

Three-Dimensional Simulation of Base Bleed Unit with AP/HTPB Propellant in Fast Cook-off Conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Wen-feng; Yu, Yong-gang; Ye, Rui; Yang, Hou-wen

2017-07-01

In this work, a three-dimensional unsteady heat transfer model of base bleed unit with trilobite ammonium perchlorate (AP)/hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) composite solid propellant is presented to analyze the cook-off characteristics. According to the two-step chemical reaction of AP/HTPB propellant, a small-scale cook-off test is established. A comparison of the experimental and calculated results is made to verify the rationality of the computation model. On this basis, a cook-off numerical simulation of the base bleed unit at the heating rates of 0.33, 0.58 and 0.83 K/s is presented to investigate the ignition and initiation characteristics. The results show that the ignitions occur on the head face of the AP/HTPB propellant and near the internal gas chamber in these conditions. As the heating rate increases, the runaway time decreases and the ignition temperature rises.

SPARQL Query Re-writing Using Partonomy Based Transformation Rules

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jain, Prateek; Yeh, Peter Z.; Verma, Kunal; Henson, Cory A.; Sheth, Amit P.

Often the information present in a spatial knowledge base is represented at a different level of granularity and abstraction than the query constraints. For querying ontology's containing spatial information, the precise relationships between spatial entities has to be specified in the basic graph pattern of SPARQL query which can result in long and complex queries. We present a novel approach to help users intuitively write SPARQL queries to query spatial data, rather than relying on knowledge of the ontology structure. Our framework re-writes queries, using transformation rules to exploit part-whole relations between geographical entities to address the mismatches between query constraints and knowledge base. Our experiments were performed on completely third party datasets and queries. Evaluations were performed on Geonames dataset using questions from National Geographic Bee serialized into SPARQL and British Administrative Geography Ontology using questions from a popular trivia website. These experiments demonstrate high precision in retrieval of results and ease in writing queries.

Removal of water contaminants by nanoscale zero-valent iron immobilized in PAN-based oxidized membrane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Chunyi; Li, Xiang; Ma, Bomou; Qin, Aiwen; He, Chunju

2014-12-01

The functionalizing nanoporous polyacrylonitrile-based oxidized membrane (PAN-OM) firmly immobilized with highly reactive nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) are successfully prepared via an innovative in situ synthesis method. Due to the formation of ladder structure, the PAN-OM present excellent thermal and chemical stabilities as a new carrier for the in-situ growth of NZVI via firm chelation and reduction action, respectively, which prevent the aggregation and release of NZVI. The developed NZVI-immobilized membrane present effective decolorizing efficiency to both anionic methyl blue and cationic methylene blue with a pseudo-first-order decay and degrading efficiency to trichloroethylene (TCE). The regeneration and stability results show that NZVI-immobilized membrane system can be regenerated without obvious performance reduction, which remain the reactivity after half a year storage period. These results suggest that PAN-based oxidized membrane immobilized with NZVI exhibit significant potential for environmental applications.

Artificial intelligence (AI) based tactical guidance for fighter aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mcmanus, John W.; Goodrich, Kenneth H.

1990-01-01

A research program investigating the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to aid in the development of a Tactical Decision Generator (TDG) for Within Visual Range air combat engagements is discussed. The application of AI programming and problem solving methods in the development and implementation of the Computerized Logic For Air-to-Air Warfare Simulations (CLAWS), a second generation TDG, is presented. The knowledge-based systems used by CLAWS to aid in the tactical decision-making process are outlined in detail, and the results of tests to evaluate the performance of CLAWS versus a baseline TDG developed in FORTRAN to run in real time in the Langley Differential Maneuvering Simulator, are presented. To date, these test results have shown significant performance gains with respect to the TDG baseline in one-versus-one air combat engagements, and the AI-based TDG software has proven to be much easier to modify and maintain than the baseline FORTRAN TDG programs.

Variational prediction of the mechanical behavior of shape memory alloys based on thermal experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Junker, Philipp; Jaeger, Stefanie; Kastner, Oliver; Eggeler, Gunther; Hackl, Klaus

2015-07-01

In this work, we present simulations of shape memory alloys which serve as first examples demonstrating the predicting character of energy-based material models. We begin with a theoretical approach for the derivation of the caloric parts of the Helmholtz free energy. Afterwards, experimental results for DSC measurements are presented. Then, we recall a micromechanical model based on the principle of the minimum of the dissipation potential for the simulation of polycrystalline shape memory alloys. The previously determined caloric parts of the Helmholtz free energy close the set of model parameters without the need of parameter fitting. All quantities are derived directly from experiments. Finally, we compare finite element results for tension tests to experimental data and show that the model identified by thermal measurements can predict mechanically induced phase transformations and thus rationalize global material behavior without any further assumptions.

Research physic-mechanical properties of composite materials on the base of peeled veneer and low density polyethylene

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ibragimov, Aleksandr; Vasilkin, Andrey; Fedotov, Aleksandr

2017-10-01

Use film of LDPE as thermoplastic binder for production of plywood is proposed. Results of physic-mechanical properties of plywood based on the LDPE film of different thicknesses in comparison with conventional thermosetting synthetic binder are presented.

SOLVENT-BASED TO WATERBASED ADHESIVE-COATED SUBSTRATE RETROFIT - VOLUME II: PROCESS OVERVIEW

EPA Science Inventory

This volume presents initial results of a study to identify the issues and barriers associated with retrofitting existing solvent-based equipment to accept waterbased adhesives as part of an EPA effort to improve equipment cleaning in the coated and laminated substrate manufactur...

Dynamic Buffer Capacity in Acid-Base Systems.

PubMed

Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk, Anna M; Michałowski, Tadeusz

The generalized concept of 'dynamic' buffer capacity β V is related to electrolytic systems of different complexity where acid-base equilibria are involved. The resulting formulas are presented in a uniform and consistent form. The detailed calculations are related to two Britton-Robinson buffers, taken as examples.

Student Approaches to Achieving Understanding--Approaches to Learning Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fyrenius, Anna; Wirell, Staffan; Silen, Charlotte

2007-01-01

This article presents a phenomenographic study that investigates students' approaches to achieving understanding. The results are based on interviews, addressing physiological phenomena, with 16 medical students in a problem-based curriculum. Four approaches--sifting, building, holding and moving--are outlined. The holding and moving approaches…

The Construction of Job Families Based on Company Specific PAQ Job Dimensions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, L. R.; Colbert, G. A.

1978-01-01

Research is presented on the construction of job families based on Position Analysis Questionnaire data. The data were subjected to a component analysis. Results were interpreted as sufficiently encouraging to proceed with analyses of validity generalization within the job families. (Editor/RK)

CLIMATIC DATA ON ESTIMATED EFFECTIVE CHIMNEY HEIGHTS IN THE UNITED STATES

EPA Science Inventory

Plume rise calculations are based on the equations of Briggs (1975) for use with variable vertical profiles of temperature and wind speed. Results are presented for small and large chimneys, based on five years of twice-daily rawinsondes throughout the contiguous United States. I...

On Physical Attractiveness Stereotyping in Taiwan: A Revised Sociocultural Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Nicole Y.; Shaffer, David R.; Wu, Chenghuan

1997-01-01

Questions the current thesis that people from "collectivist" cultures are less likely to make character inferences based on physical attractiveness. Presents the results of a study that revealed Taiwanese undergraduates assigning positive character attributes to people based on their physical attractiveness. Discusses related literature…

The global coastline dataset: the observed relation between erosion and sea-level rise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donchyts, G.; Baart, F.; Luijendijk, A.; Hagenaars, G.

2017-12-01

Erosion of sandy coasts is considered one of the key risks of sea-level rise. Because sandy coastlines of the world are often highly populated, erosive coastline trends result in risk to populations and infrastructure. Most of our understanding of the relation between sea-level rise and coastal erosion is based on local or regional observations and generalizations of numerical and physical experiments. Until recently there was no reliable global scale assessment of the location of sandy coasts and their rate of erosion and accretion. Here we present the global coastline dataset that covers erosion indicators on a local scale with global coverage. The dataset uses our global coastline transects grid defined with an alongshore spacing of 250 m and a cross shore length extending 1 km seaward and 1 km landward. This grid matches up with pre-existing local grids where available. We present the latest results on validation of coastal-erosion trends (based on optical satellites) and classification of sandy versus non-sandy coasts. We show the relation between sea-level rise (based both on tide-gauges and multi-mission satellite altimetry) and observed erosion trends over the last decades, taking into account broken-coastline trends (for example due to nourishments).An interactive web application presents the publicly-accessible results using a backend based on Google Earth Engine. It allows both researchers and stakeholders to use objective estimates of coastline trends, particularly when authoritative sources are not available.

Application of Bayesian networks in a hierarchical structure for environmental risk assessment: a case study of the Gabric Dam, Iran.

PubMed

Malekmohammadi, Bahram; Tayebzadeh Moghadam, Negar

2018-04-13

Environmental risk assessment (ERA) is a commonly used, effective tool applied to reduce adverse effects of environmental risk factors. In this study, ERA was investigated using the Bayesian network (BN) model based on a hierarchical structure of variables in an influence diagram (ID). ID facilitated ranking of the different alternatives under uncertainty that were then used to evaluate comparisons of the different risk factors. BN was used to present a new model for ERA applicable to complicated development projects such as dam construction. The methodology was applied to the Gabric Dam, in southern Iran. The main environmental risk factors in the region, presented by the Gabric Dam, were identified based on the Delphi technique and specific features of the study area. These included the following: flood, water pollution, earthquake, changes in land use, erosion and sedimentation, effects on the population, and ecosensitivity. These risk factors were then categorized based on results from the output decision node of the BN, including expected utility values for risk factors in the decision node. ERA was performed for the Gabric Dam using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method to compare results of BN modeling with those of conventional methods. Results determined that a BN-based hierarchical structure to ERA present acceptable and reasonable risk assessment prioritization in proposing suitable solutions to reduce environmental risks and can be used as a powerful decision support system for evaluating environmental risks.

A factory concept for processing and manufacturing with lunar material

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Driggers, G. W.

1977-01-01

A conceptual design for an orbital factory sized to process 1.5 million metric tons per year of raw lunar fines into 0.3 million metric tons of manufacturing materials is presented. A conservative approach involving application of present earth-based technology leads to a design devoid of new inventions. Earth based counterparts to the factory machinery were used to generate subsystem masses and lumped parameters for volume and mass estimates. The results are considered to be conservative since technologies more advanced than those assumed are presently available in many areas. Some attributes of potential space processing technologies applied to material refinement and component manufacture are discussed.

Does parent-child agreement vary based on presenting problems? Results from a UK clinical sample.

PubMed

Cleridou, Kalia; Patalay, Praveetha; Martin, Peter

2017-01-01

Discrepancies are often found between child and parent reports of child psychopathology, nevertheless the role of the child's presenting difficulties in relation to these is underexplored. This study investigates whether parent-child agreement on the conduct and emotional scales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) varied as a result of certain child characteristics, including the child's presenting problems to clinical services, age and gender. The UK-based sample consisted of 16,754 clinical records of children aged 11-17, the majority of which were female (57%) and White (76%). The dataset was provided by the Child Outcomes Research Consortium , which collects outcome measures from child services across the UK. Clinicians reported the child's presenting difficulties, and parents and children completed the SDQ. Using correlation analysis, the main findings indicated that agreement varied as a result of the child's difficulties for reports of conduct problems, and this seemed to be related to the presence or absence of externalising difficulties in the child's presentation. This was not the case for reports of emotional difficulties. In addition, agreement was higher when reporting problems not consistent with the child's presentation; for instance, agreement on conduct problems was greater for children presenting with internalising problems. Lastly, the children's age and gender did not seem to have an impact on agreement. These findings demonstrate that certain child presenting difficulties, and in particular conduct problems, may be related to informant agreement and need to be considered in clinical practice and research. Trial Registration This study was observational and as such did not require trial registration.

Teaching Power Electronics with a Design-Oriented, Project-Based Learning Method at the Technical University of Denmark

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Zhe; Hansen, Claus Thorp; Andersen, Michael A. E.

2016-01-01

Power electronics is a fast-developing technology within the electrical engineering field. This paper presents the results and experiences gained from applying design-oriented project-based learning to switch-mode power supply design in a power electronics course at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). Project-based learning (PBL) is known…

Validating a Theory-Based Survey to Evaluate Teaching Effectiveness in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amrein-Beardsley, A.; Haladyna, T.

2012-01-01

Surveys to evaluate instructor effectiveness are commonly used in higher education. Yet the survey items included are often drawn from other surveys without reference to a theory of adult learning. The authors present the results from a validation study of such a theory-based survey. They evidence that an evaluation survey based on a theory that…

Design issues of a multimode interference-based 3-dB splitter.

PubMed

Themistos, Christos; Rahman, B M Azizur

2002-11-20

We have investigated important issues such as the power loss, the loss imbalance the fabrication tolerances, and the wavelength dependence for the design of a multimode interference-based 3-dB splitter on deeply etched InP waveguides under general, restricted, and symmetric interference mechanisms. For this investigation, we used the finite-element-based beam propagation approach. Results are presented.

Finger jointing green southern yellow pine with a soy-based adhesive

Treesearch

Philip H. Steele; Roland E. Kreibicha; Petrus J. Steynberg; Richard W. Hemingway

1998-01-01

The authors present results of laboratory tests for a soy-based adhesive to bond southern yellow pine using the finger-jointing method. There was some reason to suspect that finger jointing of southern yellow pine (SYP) with the honeymoon system using soy-based adhesive might prove more difficult than for western species. The Wood Handbook classes western species in...

Avoiding Split Attention in Computer-Based Testing: Is Neglecting Additional Information Facilitative?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jarodzka, Halszka; Janssen, Noortje; Kirschner, Paul A.; Erkens, Gijsbert

2015-01-01

This study investigated whether design guidelines for computer-based learning can be applied to computer-based testing (CBT). Twenty-two students completed a CBT exam with half of the questions presented in a split-screen format that was analogous to the original paper-and-pencil version and half in an integrated format. Results show that students…

Metal-Organic Framework Thin Film Coated Optical Fiber Sensors: A Novel Waveguide-Based Chemical Sensing Platform.

PubMed

Kim, Ki-Joong; Lu, Ping; Culp, Jeffrey T; Ohodnicki, Paul R

2018-02-23

Integration of optical fiber with sensitive thin films offers great potential for the realization of novel chemical sensing platforms. In this study, we present a simple design strategy and high performance of nanoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) based optical gas sensors, which enables detection of a wide range of concentrations of small molecules based upon extremely small differences in refractive indices as a function of analyte adsorption within the MOF framework. Thin and compact MOF films can be uniformly formed and tightly bound on the surface of etched optical fiber through a simple solution method which is critical for manufacturability of MOF-based sensor devices. The resulting sensors show high sensitivity/selectivity to CO 2 gas relative to other small gases (H 2 , N 2 , O 2 , and CO) with rapid (

Internet virtual studio: low-cost augmented reality system for WebTV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sitnik, Robert; Pasko, Slawomir; Karaszewski, Maciej; Witkowski, Marcin

2008-02-01

In this paper a concept of a Internet Virtual Studio as a modern system for production of news, entertainment, educational and training material is proposed. This system is based on virtual studio technology and integrated with multimedia data base. Its was developed for web television content production. In successive subentries the general system architecture, as well as the architecture of modules one by one is discussed. The authors describe each module by presentation of a brief information about work principles and technical limitations. The presentation of modules is strictly connected with a presentation of their capabilities. Results produced by each of them are shown in the form of exemplary images. Finally, exemplary short production is presented and discussed.

Atomic oxygen interaction with spacecraft materials: Relationship between orbital and ground-based testing for materials certification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cross, Jon B.; Koontz, Steven L.; Lan, Esther H.

1993-01-01

The effects of atomic oxygen on boron nitride (BN), silicon nitride (Si3N4), Intelsat 6 solar cell interconnects, organic polymers, and MoS2 and WS2 dry lubricant, were studied in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) flight experiments and in a ground based simulation facility. Both the inflight and ground based experiments employed in situ electrical resistance measurements to detect penetration of atomic oxygen through materials and Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) analysis to measure chemical composition changes. Results are given. The ground based results on the materials studied to date show good qualitative correlation with the LEO flight results, thus validating the simulation fidelity of the ground based facility in terms of reproducing LEO flight results. In addition it was demonstrated that ground based simulation is capable of performing more detailed experiments than orbital exposures can presently perform. This allows the development of a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved in the LEO environment degradation of materials.

Determination of Ammonia in Household Cleaners: An Instrumental Analysis Experiment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graham, Richard C.; DePew, Steven

1983-01-01

Briefly discusses three techniques for assessing amount of ammonia present in household cleaners. Because of disadvantages with these methods, the thermometric titration technique is suggested in which students judge the best buy based on relative cost of ammonia present in samples. Laboratory procedures, typical results, and reactions involved…

Experimental Evaluation of Family Curriculum Materials for High School Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angrist, Shirley S.; And Others

This paper describes two new family life curriculum development projects at Carnegie-Mellon University and presents the results of an evaluation of two mini-courses using a modified Solomon four-group experimental design. Based on historical, sociological, anthropological, and psychological research, the first unit presents family life in Japan…

Student Poster Sessions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baumgartner, Erin

2004-01-01

Poster presentations are one way scientists present their latest research findings at professional meetings. This format also works well in the classroom and gives students the opportunity to communicate the results of their experiments (perhaps the most critical portion of their studies). In a performance-based task such as a poster session,…

The Present Perfect in World Englishes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yao, Xinyue; Collins, Peter

2012-01-01

This paper reports on a comprehensive corpus-based study of regional and stylistic variation in the distribution of the English present perfect. The data represents ten English varieties of both the Inner Circle and Outer Circle, covering four major text types: conversation, news reportage, academic and fictional writing. The results are discussed…

Average thermal characteristics of solar wind electrons

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Montgomery, M. D.

1972-01-01

Average solar wind electron properties based on a 1 year Vela 4 data sample-from May 1967 to May 1968 are presented. Frequency distributions of electron-to-ion temperature ratio, electron thermal anisotropy, and thermal energy flux are presented. The resulting evidence concerning heat transport in the solar wind is discussed.

Theoretical Branches in Teaching Computer Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Habiballa, Hashim; Kmet, Tibor

2004-01-01

The present paper describes an educational experiment dealing with teaching the theory of formal languages and automata as well as their application concepts. It presents a practical application of an educational experiment and initial results based on comparative instruction of two samples of students (n = 56). The application concept should…

Artificial-neural-network-based failure detection and isolation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadok, Mokhtar; Gharsalli, Imed; Alouani, Ali T.

1998-03-01

This paper presents the design of a systematic failure detection and isolation system that uses the concept of failure sensitive variables (FSV) and artificial neural networks (ANN). The proposed approach was applied to tube leak detection in a utility boiler system. Results of the experimental testing are presented in the paper.

[Cognitive-behaviour therapy of schizophrenia].

PubMed

Keegan, Eduardo; Garay, Cristian Javier

2007-01-01

Cognitive-behaviour therapy is one of the evidence-based psychotherapies that have been successfully applied to the treatment of patients with psychotic symptoms. The article presents the core principles and objectives of cognitive models and interventions, and describes the generic steps of treatment. The results of the most methodologically-sound outcome studies are presented.

Impact of presentation of research results on likelihood of prescribing medications to patients with left ventricular dysfunction.

PubMed

Lacy, C R; Barone, J A; Suh, D C; Malini, P L; Bueno, M; Moylan, D M; Kostis, J B

2001-01-15

This study was conducted to evaluate willingness to prescribe medication based on identical data presented in different outcome terms to health professionals of varied discipline, geographic location, and level of training. Cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was performed in 400 health professionals (physicians, pharmacists, physicians-in-training, and pharmacy students) in the United States and Europe. Data reflecting a clinical trial were presented in 6 outcome terms: 3 terms describing identical mortality (relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction, and number of patients needed to be treated to prevent 1 death); and 3 distractors (increased life expectancy, decreased hospitalization rate, and decreased cost). Willingness to prescribe and rank order of medication preference assuming willingness to prescribe were measured. The results of the study showed that willingness to prescribe and first choice preference were significantly greater when study results were presented as relative risk reduction than when identical mortality data were presented as absolute risk reduction or number of patients needed to be treated to avoid 1 death (p <0.001). Increase in life expectancy was the most influential distractor. In conclusion, this study, performed in the era of "evidence-based medicine," demonstrates that the method of reporting research trial results has significant influence on health professionals' willingness to prescribe. The high numerical value of relative risk reduction and the concrete and tangible quality of increased life expectancy exert greater influence on health professionals than other standard outcome terms.

A new construction of measurement system based on specialized microsystem design for laryngological application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paczesny, Daniel; Mikłaszewicz, Franciszek

2013-10-01

This article describes the design, construction and parameters of diagnostic medical system for air humidity measurement which can be proceeded in various places of human nasal cavities and also human throat. The system can measure dynamic changes of dew point temperature (absolute value of humidity) of inspired and expired air in different places of human upper airways. During regular respiration process dew point temperature is measured in nasal cavity, middle part cavity and nasopharynx. The presented system is the next step in construction of measurement system based on specialized microsystem for laryngological application. The microsystem fabricated on silicon substrate includes microheater, microthermoresistor and interdigitated electrodes. In comparison with previously built measurement system with current version some system functionalities and measurement parameters were improved. Additionally 3D printing technology was applied for rapid prototyping a measurement system housing. Presented measurement system is set of microprocessor module with signal conditioning circuits; heated measurement head based on specialized microsystem with disposable heated pipe for air sucking from various places of upper airways; power supplier and computer application for monitoring all system parameters and presenting on-line and off-line measured results. Some example results of constructed measurement system and dew point temperature measurements during respiration cycle are presented.

The viscoelastic behavior of a composite in a thermal environment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morris, D. H.; Brinson, H. F.; Griffith, W. I.; Yeow, Y. T.

1979-01-01

A proposed method for the accelerated predictions of modulus and life times for time dependent polymer matrix composite laminates is presented. The method, based on the time temperature superposition principle and lamination theory, is described in detail. Unidirectional reciprocal of compliance master curves and the shift functions needed are presented and discussed. Master curves for arbitrarily oriented unidirectional laminates are predicted and compared with experimantal results obtained from master curves generated from 15 minute tests and with 25 hour tests. Good agreement is shown. Predicted 30 deg and 60 deg unidirectional strength master curves are presented and compared to results of creep rupture tests. Reasonable agreement is demonstrated. In addition, creep rupture results for a (90 deg + or - 60 deg/90 deg) sub 2s laminate are presented.

Application of Adaptive Autopilot Designs for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shin, Yoonghyun; Calise, Anthony J.; Motter, Mark A.

2005-01-01

This paper summarizes the application of two adaptive approaches to autopilot design, and presents an evaluation and comparison of the two approaches in simulation for an unmanned aerial vehicle. One approach employs two-stage dynamic inversion and the other employs feedback dynamic inversions based on a command augmentation system. Both are augmented with neural network based adaptive elements. The approaches permit adaptation to both parametric uncertainty and unmodeled dynamics, and incorporate a method that permits adaptation during periods of control saturation. Simulation results for an FQM-117B radio controlled miniature aerial vehicle are presented to illustrate the performance of the neural network based adaptation.

Multipurpose image watermarking algorithm based on multistage vector quantization.

PubMed

Lu, Zhe-Ming; Xu, Dian-Guo; Sun, Sheng-He

2005-06-01

The rapid growth of digital multimedia and Internet technologies has made copyright protection, copy protection, and integrity verification three important issues in the digital world. To solve these problems, the digital watermarking technique has been presented and widely researched. Traditional watermarking algorithms are mostly based on discrete transform domains, such as the discrete cosine transform, discrete Fourier transform (DFT), and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Most of these algorithms are good for only one purpose. Recently, some multipurpose digital watermarking methods have been presented, which can achieve the goal of content authentication and copyright protection simultaneously. However, they are based on DWT or DFT. Lately, several robust watermarking schemes based on vector quantization (VQ) have been presented, but they can only be used for copyright protection. In this paper, we present a novel multipurpose digital image watermarking method based on the multistage vector quantizer structure, which can be applied to image authentication and copyright protection. In the proposed method, the semi-fragile watermark and the robust watermark are embedded in different VQ stages using different techniques, and both of them can be extracted without the original image. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in terms of robustness and fragility.

General Aviation Activity and Avionics Survey. 1978

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

Sponsoing AencyCode Washington DC 20591 AS/220 _ 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Ab xtrect This report presents the results and a description of the 1978...the United States registered general aviation aircraft fleet, the dominant component of civil aviation in the U.S. The survey was based on a ...statistically selected sample of about 13.3 percent of the general aviation fleet and obtained a response rate of 74 percent. Survey results are based upon

A multiple-orbit time-of-flight mass spectrometer based on a low energy electrostatic storage ring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sullivan, M. R.; Spanjers, T. L.; Thorn, P. A.; Reddish, T. J.; Hammond, P.

2012-11-01

The results are presented for an electrostatic storage ring, consisting of two hemispherical deflector analyzers (HDA) connected by two separate sets of cylindrical lenses, used as a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Based on the results of charged particle simulations and formal matrix model, the Ion Storage Ring is capable of operating with multiple stable orbits, for both single and multiply charged ions simultaneously.

Experimental and computational surface and flow-field results for an all-body hypersonic aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lockman, William K.; Lawrence, Scott L.; Cleary, Joseph W.

1990-01-01

The objective of the present investigation is to establish a benchmark experimental data base for a generic hypersonic vehicle shape for validation and/or calibration of advanced computational fluid dynamics computer codes. This paper includes results from the comprehensive test program conducted in the NASA/Ames 3.5-foot Hypersonic Wind Tunnel for a generic all-body hypersonic aircraft model. Experimental and computational results on flow visualization, surface pressures, surface convective heat transfer, and pitot-pressure flow-field surveys are presented. Comparisons of the experimental results with computational results from an upwind parabolized Navier-Stokes code developed at Ames demonstrate the capabilities of this code.

Real-Time Gait Event Detection Based on Kinematic Data Coupled to a Biomechanical Model.

PubMed

Lambrecht, Stefan; Harutyunyan, Anna; Tanghe, Kevin; Afschrift, Maarten; De Schutter, Joris; Jonkers, Ilse

2017-03-24

Real-time detection of multiple stance events, more specifically initial contact (IC), foot flat (FF), heel off (HO), and toe off (TO), could greatly benefit neurorobotic (NR) and neuroprosthetic (NP) control. Three real-time threshold-based algorithms have been developed, detecting the aforementioned events based on kinematic data in combination with a biomechanical model. Data from seven subjects walking at three speeds on an instrumented treadmill were used to validate the presented algorithms, accumulating to a total of 558 steps. The reference for the gait events was obtained using marker and force plate data. All algorithms had excellent precision and no false positives were observed. Timing delays of the presented algorithms were similar to current state-of-the-art algorithms for the detection of IC and TO, whereas smaller delays were achieved for the detection of FF. Our results indicate that, based on their high precision and low delays, these algorithms can be used for the control of an NR/NP, with the exception of the HO event. Kinematic data is used in most NR/NP control schemes and is thus available at no additional cost, resulting in a minimal computational burden. The presented methods can also be applied for screening pathological gait or gait analysis in general in/outside of the laboratory.

Main results and experience obtained on Mir space station and experiment program for Russian segment of ISS.

PubMed

Utkin, V F; Lukjashchenko, V I; Borisov, V V; Suvorov, V V; Tsymbalyuk, M M

2003-07-01

This article presents main scientific and practical results obtained in course of scientific and applied research and experiments on Mir space station. Based on Mir experience, processes of research program formation for the Russian Segment of the ISS are briefly described. The major trends of activities planned in the frames of these programs as well as preliminary results of increment research programs implementation in the ISS' first missions are also presented. c2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Space Launch System Base Heating Test: Experimental Operations & Results

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dufrene, Aaron; Mehta, Manish; MacLean, Matthew; Seaford, Mark; Holden, Michael

2016-01-01

NASA's Space Launch System (SLS) uses four clustered liquid rocket engines along with two solid rocket boosters. The interaction between all six rocket exhaust plumes will produce a complex and severe thermal environment in the base of the vehicle. This work focuses on a recent 2% scale, hot-fire SLS base heating test. These base heating tests are short-duration tests executed with chamber pressures near the full-scale values with gaseous hydrogen/oxygen engines and RSRMV analogous solid propellant motors. The LENS II shock tunnel/Ludwieg tube tunnel was used at or near flight duplicated conditions up to Mach 5. Model development was based on the Space Shuttle base heating tests with several improvements including doubling of the maximum chamber pressures and duplication of freestream conditions. Test methodology and conditions are presented, and base heating results from 76 runs are reported in non-dimensional form. Regions of high heating are identified and comparisons of various configuration and conditions are highlighted. Base pressure and radiometer results are also reported.

A Radioactivity Based Quantitative Analysis of the Amount of Thorium Present in Ores and Metallurgical Products; ANALYSE QUANTITATIVE DU THORIUM DANS LES MINERAIS ET LES PRODUITS THORIFERES PAR UNE METHODE BASEE SUR LA RADIOACTIVITE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Collee, R.; Govaerts, J.; Winand, L.

1959-10-31

A brief resume of the classical methods of quantitative determination of thorium in ores and thoriferous products is given to show that a rapid, accurate, and precise physical method based on the radioactivity of thorium would be of great utility. A method based on the utilization of the characteristic spectrum of the thorium gamma radiation is presented. The preparation of the samples and the instruments needed for the measurements is discussed. The experimental results show that the reproducibility is very satisfactory and that it is possible to detect Th contents of 1% or smaller. (J.S.R.)

Harmonic wavelet packet transform for on-line system health diagnosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Ruqiang; Gao, Robert X.

2004-07-01

This paper presents a new approach to on-line health diagnosis of mechanical systems, based on the wavelet packet transform. Specifically, signals acquired from vibration sensors are decomposed into sub-bands by means of the discrete harmonic wavelet packet transform (DHWPT). Based on the Fisher linear discriminant criterion, features in the selected sub-bands are then used as inputs to three classifiers (Nearest Neighbor rule-based and two Neural Network-based), for system health condition assessment. Experimental results have confirmed that, comparing to the conventional approach where statistical parameters from raw signals are used, the presented approach enabled higher signal-to-noise ratio for more effective and intelligent use of the sensory information, thus leading to more accurate system health diagnosis.

Implementing Computer Based Laboratories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peterson, David

2001-11-01

Physics students at Francis Marion University will complete several required laboratory exercises utilizing computer-based Vernier probes. The simple pendulum, the acceleration due to gravity, simple harmonic motion, radioactive half lives, and radiation inverse square law experiments will be incorporated into calculus-based and algebra-based physics courses. Assessment of student learning and faculty satisfaction will be carried out by surveys and test results. Cost effectiveness and time effectiveness assessments will be presented. Majors in Computational Physics, Health Physics, Engineering, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology take these courses, and assessments will be categorized by major. To enhance the computer skills of students enrolled in the courses, MAPLE will be used for further analysis of the data acquired during the experiments. Assessment of these enhancement exercises will also be presented.

Flow and heat transfer in water based liquid film fluids dispensed with graphene nanoparticles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zuhra, Samina; Khan, Noor Saeed; Khan, Muhammad Altaf; Islam, Saeed; Khan, Waris; Bonyah, Ebenezer

2018-03-01

The unsteady flow and heat transfer characteristics of electrically conducting water based thin liquid film non-Newtonian (Casson and Williamson) nanofluids dispensed with graphene nanoparticles past a stretching sheet are considered in the presence of transverse magnetic field and non-uniform heat source/sink. Embedding the graphene nanoparticles effectively amplifies the thermal conductivity of Casson and Williamson nanofluids. Ordinary differential equations together with the boundary conditions are obtained through similarity variables from the governing equations of the problem, which are solved by the HAM (Homotopy Analysis Method). The solution is expressed through graphs and illustrated which show the influences of all the parameters. The convergence of the HAM solution for the linear operators is obtained. Favorable comparison with previously published research paper is performed to show the correlation for the present work. Skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are presented through Tables and graphs which show the validation for the achieved results demonstrating that the thin liquid films results from this study are in close agreement with the results reported in the literature. Results achieved by HAM and residual errors are evaluated numerically, given in Tables and also depicted graphically which show the accuracy of the present work.

High-Performance Psychometrics: The Parallel-E Parallel-M Algorithm for Generalized Latent Variable Models. Research Report. ETS RR-16-34

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

von Davier, Matthias

2016-01-01

This report presents results on a parallel implementation of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for multidimensional latent variable models. The developments presented here are based on code that parallelizes both the E step and the M step of the parallel-E parallel-M algorithm. Examples presented in this report include item response…

Realist Ontology and Natural Processes: A Semantic Tool to Analyze the Presentation of the Osmosis Concept in Science Texts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spinelli Barria, Michele; Morales, Cecilia; Merino, Cristian; Quiroz, Waldo

2016-01-01

In this work, we developed an ontological tool, based on the scientific realism of Mario Bunge, for the analysis of the presentation of natural processes in science textbooks. This tool was applied to analyze the presentation of the concept of osmosis in 16 chemistry and biology books at different educational levels. The results showed that more…

Thermal stress analysis of reusable surface insulation for shuttle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ojalvo, I. U.; Levy, A.; Austin, F.

1974-01-01

An iterative procedure for accurately determining tile stresses associated with static mechanical and thermally induced internal loads is presented. The necessary conditions for convergence of the method are derived. An user-oriented computer program based upon the present method of analysis was developed. The program is capable of analyzing multi-tiled panels and determining the associated stresses. Typical numerical results from this computer program are presented.

The Diffusion Region in Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hesse, Michael; Neukirch, Thomas; Schindler, Karl; Kuznetsova, Masha; Zenitani, Seiji

2011-01-01

A review of present understanding of the dissipation region in magnetic reconnection is presented. The review focuses on results of the thermal inertia-based dissipation mechanism but alternative mechanisms are mentioned as well. For the former process, a combination of analytical theory and numerical modeling is presented. Furthermore, a new relation between the electric field expressions for anti-parallel and guide field reconnection is developed.

Extraction of Capillary Non-perfusion from Fundus Fluorescein Angiogram

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sivaswamy, Jayanthi; Agarwal, Amit; Chawla, Mayank; Rani, Alka; Das, Taraprasad

Capillary Non-Perfusion (CNP) is a condition in diabetic retinopathy where blood ceases to flow to certain parts of the retina, potentially leading to blindness. This paper presents a solution for automatically detecting and segmenting CNP regions from fundus fluorescein angiograms (FFAs). CNPs are modelled as valleys, and a novel technique based on extrema pyramid is presented for trough-based valley detection. The obtained valley points are used to segment the desired CNP regions by employing a variance-based region growing scheme. The proposed algorithm has been tested on 40 images and validated against expert-marked ground truth. In this paper, we present results of testing and validation of our algorithm against ground truth and compare the segmentation performance against two others methods.The performance of the proposed algorithm is presented as a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under this curve is 0.842 and the distance of ROC from the ideal point (0,1) is 0.31. The proposed method for CNP segmentation was found to outperform the watershed [1] and heat-flow [2] based methods.

Design of a Virtual Reality System for Affect Analysis in Facial Expressions (VR-SAAFE); Application to Schizophrenia.

PubMed

Bekele, E; Bian, D; Peterman, J; Park, S; Sarkar, N

2017-06-01

Schizophrenia is a life-long, debilitating psychotic disorder with poor outcome that affects about 1% of the population. Although pharmacotherapy can alleviate some of the acute psychotic symptoms, residual social impairments present a significant barrier that prevents successful rehabilitation. With limited resources and access to social skills training opportunities, innovative technology has emerged as a potentially powerful tool for intervention. In this paper, we present a novel virtual reality (VR)-based system for understanding facial emotion processing impairments that may lead to poor social outcome in schizophrenia. We henceforth call it a VR System for Affect Analysis in Facial Expressions (VR-SAAFE). This system integrates a VR-based task presentation platform that can minutely control facial expressions of an avatar with or without accompanying verbal interaction, with an eye-tracker to quantitatively measure a participants real-time gaze and a set of physiological sensors to infer his/her affective states to allow in-depth understanding of the emotion recognition mechanism of patients with schizophrenia based on quantitative metrics. A usability study with 12 patients with schizophrenia and 12 healthy controls was conducted to examine processing of the emotional faces. Preliminary results indicated that there were significant differences in the way patients with schizophrenia processed and responded towards the emotional faces presented in the VR environment compared with healthy control participants. The preliminary results underscore the utility of such a VR-based system that enables precise and quantitative assessment of social skill deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

Long term (1987-2012) trends in water chemistry of acid sensitive Swedish lakes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Futter, Martyn; Valinia, Salar; Fölster, Jens

2014-05-01

Acidification of surface waters is a serious concern in Sweden. During the 1970s and 1980s, many surface waters in Sweden were acidified by long-range pollution. Legislated emissions reductions have led to the recovery of many water bodies but today, there are concerns about the possibility of re-acidification. Sweden is committed to a goal of natural acidification only (i.e. no anthropogenic acidification). Here, we present long term (1987-2012) trends in strong acid anion, base cation, organic carbon and alkalinity measurements. Lakes are defined as acidified in Sweden if pH is more than 0.4 units less than a reference (1860) pH estimated using MAGIC, a widely used process-based model of acidification. Using this criteria, many acid sensitive Swedish lakes are still acidified. A changing climate and more intensive forest harvesting may further delay the recovery from acidification. Average measured alkalinity in the 38 lakes presented here was <= 0.02 mekv/l between 2000-2012. Strong acid anion concentrations declined, primarily as a result of declines in sulfate. Chloride is now the dominant anion in many of these lakes. Base cations concentrations have declined less rapidly, leading to an increase in charge balance ANC. This increase in charge balance ANC has not been matched by an increase in measured alkalinity. Total organic carbon concentrations have increased significantly in many of these lakes, to the point where modeled organic acidity is now approximately equal to inorganic acidity. While the results presented here conform to acidification theory, they illustrate the value of long-term monitoring for assessing the effects of pollutant reduction measures, identifying new threats to water quality and corroborating model results. Most importantly, the long-term monitoring results presented here can be an important tool for informing environmental policy.

Wind-Tunnel Investigations of Blunt-Body Drag Reduction Using Forebody Surface Roughness

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whitmore, Stephen A.; Sprague, Stephanie; Naughton, Jonathan W.; Curry, Robert E. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

This paper presents results of wind-tunnel tests that demonstrate a novel drag reduction technique for blunt-based vehicles. For these tests, the forebody roughness of a blunt-based model was modified using micomachined surface overlays. As forebody roughness increases, boundary layer at the model aft thickens and reduces the shearing effect of external flow on the separated flow behind the base region, resulting in reduced base drag. For vehicle configurations with large base drag, existing data predict that a small increment in forebody friction drag will result in a relatively large decrease in base drag. If the added increment in forebody skin drag is optimized with respect to base drag, reducing the total drag of the configuration is possible. The wind-tunnel tests results conclusively demonstrate the existence of a forebody dragbase drag optimal point. The data demonstrate that the base drag coefficient corresponding to the drag minimum lies between 0.225 and 0.275, referenced to the base area. Most importantly, the data show a drag reduction of approximately 15% when the drag optimum is reached. When this drag reduction is scaled to the X-33 base area, drag savings approaching 45,000 N (10,000 lbf) can be realized.

Effects of partitioning and scheduling sparse matrix factorization on communication and load balance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Venugopal, Sesh; Naik, Vijay K.

1991-01-01

A block based, automatic partitioning and scheduling methodology is presented for sparse matrix factorization on distributed memory systems. Using experimental results, this technique is analyzed for communication and load imbalance overhead. To study the performance effects, these overheads were compared with those obtained from a straightforward 'wrap mapped' column assignment scheme. All experimental results were obtained using test sparse matrices from the Harwell-Boeing data set. The results show that there is a communication and load balance tradeoff. The block based method results in lower communication cost whereas the wrap mapped scheme gives better load balance.

The Use of Computer-Based Videogames in Knowledge Acquisition and Retention.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ricci, Katrina E.

1994-01-01

Research conducted at the Naval Training Systems Center in Orlando, Florida, investigated the acquisition and retention of basic knowledge with subject matter presented in the forms of text, test, and game. Results are discussed in terms of the effectiveness of computer-based games for military training. (Author/AEF)

Eliminating the Simon Effect by Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Theeuwes, Marijke; Liefooghe, Baptist; De Houwer, Jan

2014-01-01

A growing body of research demonstrates that instructions can elicit automatic response activations. The results of the present study indicate that instruction-based response activations can also counteract automatic response activations based on long-term associations. To this end, we focused on the Simon effect, which is the observation that…

Confidence Level Based Approach to Total Dose Specification for Spacecraft Electronics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Xapsos, M. A.; Stauffer, C.; Phan, A.; McClure, S. S.; Ladbury, R. L.; Pellish, J. A.; Campola, M. J.; Label, K. A.

2017-01-01

A confidence level based approach to total dose radiation hardness assurance is presented for spacecraft electronics. It is applicable to both ionizing and displacement damage dose. Results are compared to the traditional approach that uses radiation design margin and advantages of the new approach are discussed.

Using Learning Analytics for Preserving Academic Integrity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amigud, Alexander; Arnedo-Moreno, Joan; Daradoumis, Thanasis; Guerrero-Roldan, Ana-Elena

2017-01-01

This paper presents the results of integrating learning analytics into the assessment process to enhance academic integrity in the e-learning environment. The goal of this research is to evaluate the computational-based approach to academic integrity. The machine-learning based framework learns students' patterns of language use from data,…

Medical instrument based on a heat pipe for local cavity hypothermia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasil'Ev, L. L.; Zhuraviyov, A. S.; Molodkin, F. F.; Khrolenok, V. V.; Zhdanov, V. L.; Vasil'Ev, V. L.; Adamov, S. I.; Tyurin, A. A.

1996-05-01

The design and results of tests of an instrument based on a heat pipe for local cavity hypothermia are presented. The instrument is a part of a device for noninvasive nonmedical treatment of inflammatory diseases of the organs of the small pelvis, pathologies of alimentary canal, etc.

High temperature cyclic oxidation data. Part 1: Turbine alloys

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barrett, Charles A.; Garlick, Ralph G.; Lowell, Carl E.

1989-01-01

Specific-weight-change-versus-time data and x ray diffraction results are presented derived from high temperature cyclic tests on high temperature, high strength nickel-base gamma/gamma prime and cobalt-base turbine alloys. Each page of data summarizes a complete test on a given alloy sample.

Pronunciation Instruction through Twitter: The Case of Commonly Mispronounced Words

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fouz-González, Jonás

2017-01-01

This paper presents the results of a study aimed at exploring the possibilities Twitter offers for pronunciation instruction. It investigates the potential of a Twitter-based approach based on explicit instruction and input enhancement techniques to help English Foreing Language (EFL) learners improve their pronunciation of segmental and…

Evaluation of Contextual Variability in Prediction of Reinforcer Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pino, Olimpia; Dazzi, Carla

2005-01-01

Previous research has shown that stimulus preference assessments based on caregiver-opinion did not coincide with results of a more systematic method of assessing reinforcing value unless stimuli that were assessed to represent preferences were also preferred on paired stimulus presentation format, and that the relative preference based on the…

Recruiting Trends, 2007-2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collegiate Employment Research Institute (NJ3), 2008

2008-01-01

This paper presents the recruiting trends for 2007-2008. This year's report is based on 994 respondents, including 84 K-12 school districts. The researchers focused attention on growing companies, based on lists from Forbes and Inc. magazines, and as a result, they have more small and medium-size employers represented this year. The sample…

Competency-Based Occupational Programs: Identification, Structuring, and Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pensacola Junior Coll., FL.

This publication presents results of the third phase of a Pensacola Junior College project to develop certain vocational programs as competency-based education. A brief narrative discusses the entire project--especially phase 3, which involved identification and definition of those competencies expected by an employer using input from an advisory…

Application of Neural Network Technologies for Price Forecasting in the Liberalized Electricity Market

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gerikh, Valentin; Kolosok, Irina; Kurbatsky, Victor; Tomin, Nikita

2009-01-01

The paper presents the results of experimental studies concerning calculation of electricity prices in different price zones in Russia and Europe. The calculations are based on the intelligent software "ANAPRO" that implements the approaches based on the modern methods of data analysis and artificial intelligence technologies.

New Initiatives in Improving Youth and Family Outcomes by Importing Evidence-Based Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaeffer, Cindy M.; Saldana, Lisa; Rowland, Melisa D.; Henggeler, Scott W.; Swenson, Cynthia Cupit

2008-01-01

This article describes three community-based research projects that are designed to enhance the effectiveness of real-world adolescent substance abuse treatment and prevention, and presents preliminary study results from each. The first project is examining statewide public sector practitioner interest in and implementation of contingency…

Prediction of slope stability based on numerical modeling of stress–strain state of rocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kozhogulov Nifadyev, KCh, VI; Usmanov, SF

2018-03-01

The paper presents the developed technique for the estimation of rock mass stability based on the finite element modeling of stress–strain state of rocks. The modeling results on the pit wall landslide as a flow of particles along a sloped surface are described.

Radiated emissions comparison of seven-stage modal filter constructions for Ethernet 100Base-T network protection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khazhibekov, R. R.; Zabolotsky, A. M.

2018-05-01

The authors consider Ethernet protection devices based on modal filtering. Radiated emission measurement results for three modal filter constructions are presented. It is shown that the improved construction of a non-resistive filter has lower emission levels than the original one.

Fuzzy Constraint Based Model for Efficient Management of Dynamic Purchasing Environments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakas, D. P.; Vlachos, D. S.; Simos, T. E.

2007-12-01

This paper considers the application of a fuzzy constraint based model for handling dynamic environments where only one of possibly many bundles of items must be purchased and quotes for items open and close over time. Simulation results are presented and compared with the optimal solution.

Variogram-based feature extraction for neural network recognition of logos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pham, Tuan D.

2003-03-01

This paper presents a new approach for extracting spatial features of images based on the theory of regionalized variables. These features can be effectively used for automatic recognition of logo images using neural networks. Experimental results on a public-domain logo database show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

The Role of Computer Networks in Aerospace Engineering.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, Ann Peterson

1994-01-01

Presents selected results from an empirical investigation into the use of computer networks in aerospace engineering based on data from a national mail survey. The need for user-based studies of electronic networking is discussed, and a copy of the questionnaire used in the survey is appended. (Contains 46 references.) (LRW)

Project-Based Learning: Differentiating Instruction for the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bender, William N.

2012-01-01

Project-based learning has emerged as one of today's most effective instructional practices. In PBL, students confront real-world issues and problems, collaborate to create solutions, and present their results. This exciting new book describes how PBL fosters 21st century skills and innovative thinking. The author provides instructional…

The Role of Web-Based Simulations in Technology Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Page, Tom

2009-01-01

This paper discusses the theoretical underpinning and main aspects of the development and application of the web-orientation agent (WOA) and presents preliminary results concerning its use in university studies. The web-orientation agent (WOA) is a software based tool which produces an interactive learning environment offering support and guidance…

Three hybridization models based on local search scheme for job shop scheduling problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Balbi Fraga, Tatiana

2015-05-01

This work presents three different hybridization models based on the general schema of Local Search Heuristics, named Hybrid Successive Application, Hybrid Neighborhood, and Hybrid Improved Neighborhood. Despite similar approaches might have already been presented in the literature in other contexts, in this work these models are applied to analyzes the solution of the job shop scheduling problem, with the heuristics Taboo Search and Particle Swarm Optimization. Besides, we investigate some aspects that must be considered in order to achieve better solutions than those obtained by the original heuristics. The results demonstrate that the algorithms derived from these three hybrid models are more robust than the original algorithms and able to get better results than those found by the single Taboo Search.

Towards Citizen Co-Created Public Service Apps.

PubMed

Emaldi, Mikel; Aguilera, Unai; López-de-Ipiña, Diego; Pérez-Velasco, Jorge

2017-06-02

WeLive project's main objective is about transforming the current e-government approach by providing a new paradigm based on a new open model oriented towards the design, production and deployment of public services and mobile apps based on the collaboration of different stakeholders. These stakeholders form the quadruple helix, i.e., citizens, private companies, research institutes and public administrations. Through the application of open innovation, open data and open services paradigms, the framework developed within the WeLive project enables the co-creation of urban apps. In this paper, we extend the description of the WeLive platform presented at , plus the preliminary results of the first pilot phase. The two-phase evaluation methodology designed and the evaluation results of first pilot sub-phase are also presented.

Deep Flaw Detection with Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) Based Self-Nulling Probe

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wincheski, Buzz; Namkung, Min

2004-01-01

In this paper a design modification to the Very-Low Frequency GMR Based Self-Nulling Probe has been presented to enable improved signal to noise ratio for deeply buried flaws. The design change consists of incorporating a feedback coil in the center of the flux focusing lens. The use of the feedback coil enables cancellation of the leakage fields in the center of the probe and biasing of the GMR sensor to a location of high magnetic field sensitivity. The effect of the feedback on the probe output was examined, and experimental results for deep flaw detection were presented. The experimental results show that the modified probe is capable of clearly identifying flaws up to 1 cm deep in aluminum alloy structures.

LUNA: low-flying UAV-based forest monitoring system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keizer, Jan Jacob; Pereira, Luísa; Pinto, Glória; Alves, Artur; Barros, Antonio; Boogert, Frans-Joost; Cambra, Sílvia; de Jesus, Cláudia; Frankenbach, Silja; Mesquita, Raquel; Serôdio, João; Martins, José; Almendra, Ricardo

2015-04-01

The LUNA project is aiming to develop an information system for precision forestry and, in particular, the monitoring of eucalypt plantations that is first and foremost based on multi-spectral imagery acquired using low-flying uav's. The presentation will focus on the first phase of image acquisition, processing and analysis for a series of pot experiments addressing main threats for early-stage eucalypt plantations in Portugal, i.e. acute , chronic and cyclic hydric stress, nutrient stress, fungal infections and insect plague attacks. The imaging results will be compared with spectroscopic measurements as well as with eco-physiological and plant morphological measurements. Furthermore, the presentation will show initial results of the project's second phase, comprising field tests in existing eucalypt plantations in north-central Portugal.

Large area MEMS based ultrasound device for cancer detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wodnicki, Robert; Thomenius, Kai; Ming Hooi, Fong; Sinha, Sumedha P.; Carson, Paul L.; Lin, Der-Song; Zhuang, Xuefeng; Khuri-Yakub, Pierre; Woychik, Charles

2011-08-01

We present image results obtained using a prototype ultrasound array that demonstrates the fundamental architecture for a large area MEMS based ultrasound device for detection of breast cancer. The prototype array consists of a tiling of capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducers (cMUTs) that have been flip-chip attached to a rigid organic substrate. The pitch on the cMUT elements is 185 μm and the operating frequency is nominally 9 MHz. The spatial resolution of the new probe is comparable to those of production PZT probes; however the sensitivity is reduced by conditions that should be correctable. Simulated opposed-view image registration and Speed of Sound volume reconstruction results for ultrasound in the mammographic geometry are also presented.

Analysis on the inbound tourist source market in Jiangxi based on geographic concentration index and market competition status

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Tong; Ye, Yue-li

2018-05-01

In accordance with the related data of Statistical Yearbook of Jiangxi (2007—2016), conduct analysis on the development situation of inbound tourist source market in Jiangxi based on geographic concentration index and market competition status. The result shows: when the geographic concentration index of the inbound tourism market in Jiangxi presents an increasing decline trend, the tourism-generating countries of the inbound tourism in Jiangxi are getting more and more disperse, the tourist markets present the diversified feature and the inbound tourism market tends to be stable; besides, the analysis result of the market competition status shows that the inbound tourism development in Jiangxi has transformed from the rapid development to stable development.

Coupled rotor/airframe vibration analysis program manual. Volume 2: Sample input and output listings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cassarino, S.; Sopher, R.

1982-01-01

Sample input and output listings obtained with the base program (SIMVIB) of the coupled rotor/airframe vibration analysis and the external programs, G400/F389 and E927 are presented. Results for five of the base program test cases are shown. They represent different applications of the SIMVIB program to study the vibration characteristics of various dynamic configurations. Input and output listings obtained for one cycle of the G400/F389 coupled program are presented. Results from the rotor aeroelastic analysis E927 also appear. A brief description of the check cases is provided. A summary of the check cases for all the external programs interacting with the SIMVIB program is illustrated.

Cost effectiveness of home and community-based care

PubMed Central

Vertrees, James C.; Manton, Kenneth G.; Adler, Gerald S.

1989-01-01

Medicaid section 2176 waivers allow States to provide home and community-based care to Medicaid eligibles who, but for these services, would enter Medicaid-funded nursing homes. One of the conditions required by Congress for granting these waivers is that this substitution results in no additional Medicaid spending (budget neutrality). The results of case studies of two of these waiver programs, one in California and one in Georgia, are presented in this article. The case studies contain a description of the operation of these programs in some detail. Next, the data and techniques needed to assess the ability of these programs to achieve budget neutrality are presented, and the performance of these programs along this dimension is evaluated. PMID:10313280

Qualitative modeling of normal blood coagulation and its pathological states using stochastic activity networks.

PubMed

Mounts, W M; Liebman, M N

1997-07-01

We have developed a method for representing biological pathways and simulating their behavior based on the use of stochastic activity networks (SANs). SANs, an extension of the original Petri net, have been used traditionally to model flow systems including data-communications networks and manufacturing processes. We apply the methodology to the blood coagulation cascade, a biological flow system, and present the representation method as well as results of simulation studies based on published experimental data. In addition to describing the dynamic model, we also present the results of its utilization to perform simulations of clinical states including hemophilia's A and B as well as sensitivity analysis of individual factors and their impact on thrombin production.

Fault detection for discrete-time LPV systems using interval observers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Zhi-Hui; Yang, Guang-Hong

2017-10-01

This paper is concerned with the fault detection (FD) problem for discrete-time linear parameter-varying systems subject to bounded disturbances. A parameter-dependent FD interval observer is designed based on parameter-dependent Lyapunov and slack matrices. The design method is presented by translating the parameter-dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) into finite ones. In contrast to the existing results based on parameter-independent and diagonal Lyapunov matrices, the derived disturbance attenuation, fault sensitivity and nonnegative conditions lead to less conservative LMI characterisations. Furthermore, without the need to design the residual evaluation functions and thresholds, the residual intervals generated by the interval observers are used directly for FD decision. Finally, simulation results are presented for showing the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

A depolarisation lidar-based method for the determination of liquid-cloud microphysical properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donovan, D. P.; Klein Baltink, H.; Henzing, J. S.; de Roode, S. R.; Siebesma, A. P.

2015-01-01

The fact that polarisation lidars measure a depolarisation signal in liquid clouds due to the occurrence of multiple scattering is well known. The degree of measured depolarisation depends on the lidar characteristics (e.g. wavelength and receiver field of view) as well as the cloud macrophysical (e.g. cloud-base altitude) and microphysical (e.g. effective radius, liquid water content) properties. Efforts seeking to use depolarisation information in a quantitative manner to retrieve cloud properties have been undertaken with, arguably, limited practical success. In this work we present a retrieval procedure applicable to clouds with (quasi-)linear liquid water content (LWC) profiles and (quasi-)constant cloud-droplet number density in the cloud-base region. Thus limiting the applicability of the procedure allows us to reduce the cloud variables to two parameters (namely the derivative of the liquid water content with height and the extinction at a fixed distance above cloud base). This simplification, in turn, allows us to employ a fast and robust optimal-estimation inversion using pre-computed look-up tables produced using extensive lidar Monte Carlo (MC) multiple-scattering simulations. In this paper, we describe the theory behind the inversion procedure and successfully apply it to simulated observations based on large-eddy simulation (LES) model output. The inversion procedure is then applied to actual depolarisation lidar data corresponding to a range of cases taken from the Cabauw measurement site in the central Netherlands. The lidar results were then used to predict the corresponding cloud-base region radar reflectivities. In non-drizzling condition, it was found that the lidar inversion results can be used to predict the observed radar reflectivities with an accuracy within the radar calibration uncertainty (2-3 dBZ). This result strongly supports the accuracy of the lidar inversion results. Results of a comparison between ground-based aerosol number concentration and lidar-derived cloud-droplet number densities are also presented and discussed. The observed relationship between the two quantities is seen to be consistent with the results of previous studies based on aircraft-based in situ measurements.

A Depolarisation lidar based method for the determination of liquid-cloud microphysical properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donovan, David; Klein Baltink, Henk; Henzing, Bas; de Roode, Stephen; Siebesma, Pier

2015-04-01

The fact that polarisation lidars measure a~depolarisation signal in liquid clouds due to the occurrence of multiple-scattering is well-known. The degree of measured depolarisation depends on the lidar characteristics (e.g. wavelength and receiver field-of-view) as well as the cloud macrophysical (e.g. cloud base altitude) and microphysical (e.g. effective radius, liquid water content) properties. Efforts seeking to use depolarisation information in a~quantitative manner to retrieve cloud properties have been undertaken with, arguably, limited practical success. In this work we present a~retrieval procedure applicable to clouds with (quasi-)linear liquid water content (LWC) profiles and (quasi-)constant cloud droplet number density in the cloud base region. Thus limiting the applicability of the procedure allows us to reduce the cloud variables to two parameters (namely the derivative of the liquid water content with height and the extinction at a~fixed distance above cloud-base). This simplification, in turn, allows us to employ a~fast and robust optimal-estimation inversion using pre-computed look-up-tables produced using extensive lidar Monte-Carlo multiple-scattering simulations. In this paper, we describe the theory behind the inversion procedure and successfully apply it to simulated observations based on large-eddy simulation model output. The inversion procedure is then applied to actual depolarisation lidar data corresponding to a~range of cases taken from the Cabauw measurement site in the central Netherlands. The lidar results were then used to predict the corresponding cloud-base region radar reflectivities. In non-drizzling condition, it was found that the lidar inversion results can be used to predict the observed radar reflectivities with an accuracy within the radar calibration uncertainty (2--3 dBZ). This result strongly supports the accuracy of the lidar inversion results. Results of a~comparison between ground-based aerosol number concentration and lidar-derived cloud droplet number densities are also presented and discussed. The observed relationship between the two quantities is seen to be consistent with the results of previous studies based on aircraft-based in situ measurements.

Model-based fault detection and isolation for intermittently active faults with application to motion-based thruster fault detection and isolation for spacecraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilson, Edward (Inventor)

2008-01-01

The present invention is a method for detecting and isolating fault modes in a system having a model describing its behavior and regularly sampled measurements. The models are used to calculate past and present deviations from measurements that would result with no faults present, as well as with one or more potential fault modes present. Algorithms that calculate and store these deviations, along with memory of when said faults, if present, would have an effect on the said actual measurements, are used to detect when a fault is present. Related algorithms are used to exonerate false fault modes and finally to isolate the true fault mode. This invention is presented with application to detection and isolation of thruster faults for a thruster-controlled spacecraft. As a supporting aspect of the invention, a novel, effective, and efficient filtering method for estimating the derivative of a noisy signal is presented.

Analysis of wind energy generation possibilities with various rotor types at disadvantageous wind condition zones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bieniek, Andrzej

2017-10-01

The paper describe possibilities of energy generation using various rotor types but especially with multi-blade wind engine operates in the areas with unfavourable wind condition. The paper presents also wind energy conversion estimation results presented based on proposed solution of multi-blade wind turbine of outer diameter of 4 m. Based on the wind distribution histogram from the disadvantage wind condition zones (city of Basel) and taking into account design and estimated operating indexes of the considered wind engine rotor an annual energy generation was estimated. Also theoretical energy generation using various types of wind turbines operates at disadvantage wind conditions zones were estimated and compared. The conducted analysis shows that introduction of multi-blade wind rotor instead of the most popular 3- blades or vertical axis rotors results of about 5% better energy generation. Simultaneously there are energy production also at very disadvantages wind condition at wind speed lower then 4 m s-1. Based on considered construction of multi-blade wind engine the rise of rotor mounting height from 10 to 30 m results with more then 300 % better results in terms of electric energy generation.

Ensembles of satellite aerosol retrievals based on three AATSR algorithms within aerosol_cci

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kosmale, Miriam; Popp, Thomas

2016-04-01

Ensemble techniques are widely used in the modelling community, combining different modelling results in order to reduce uncertainties. This approach could be also adapted to satellite measurements. Aerosol_cci is an ESA funded project, where most of the European aerosol retrieval groups work together. The different algorithms are homogenized as far as it makes sense, but remain essentially different. Datasets are compared with ground based measurements and between each other. Three AATSR algorithms (Swansea university aerosol retrieval, ADV aerosol retrieval by FMI and Oxford aerosol retrieval ORAC) provide within this project 17 year global aerosol records. Each of these algorithms provides also uncertainty information on pixel level. Within the presented work, an ensembles of the three AATSR algorithms is performed. The advantage over each single algorithm is the higher spatial coverage due to more measurement pixels per gridbox. A validation to ground based AERONET measurements shows still a good correlation of the ensemble, compared to the single algorithms. Annual mean maps show the global aerosol distribution, based on a combination of the three aerosol algorithms. In addition, pixel level uncertainties of each algorithm are used for weighting the contributions, in order to reduce the uncertainty of the ensemble. Results of different versions of the ensembles for aerosol optical depth will be presented and discussed. The results are validated against ground based AERONET measurements. A higher spatial coverage on daily basis allows better results in annual mean maps. The benefit of using pixel level uncertainties is analysed.

Towards a Probabilistic Preliminary Design Criterion for Buckling Critical Composite Shells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arbocz, Johann; Hilburger, Mark W.

2003-01-01

A probability-based analysis method for predicting buckling loads of compression-loaded laminated-composite shells is presented, and its potential as a basis for a new shell-stability design criterion is demonstrated and discussed. In particular, a database containing information about specimen geometry, material properties, and measured initial geometric imperfections for a selected group of laminated-composite cylindrical shells is used to calculate new buckling-load "knockdown factors". These knockdown factors are shown to be substantially improved, and hence much less conservative than the corresponding deterministic knockdown factors that are presently used by industry. The probability integral associated with the analysis is evaluated by using two methods; that is, by using the exact Monte Carlo method and by using an approximate First-Order Second- Moment method. A comparison of the results from these two methods indicates that the First-Order Second-Moment method yields results that are conservative for the shells considered. Furthermore, the results show that the improved, reliability-based knockdown factor presented always yields a safe estimate of the buckling load for the shells examined.

A study of the cost-effective markets for new technology agricultural aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hazelrigg, G. A., Jr.; Clyne, F.

1979-01-01

A previously developed data base was used to estimate the regional and total U.S. cost-effective markets for a new technology agricultural aircraft as incorporating features which could result from NASA-sponsored aerial applications research. The results show that the long-term market penetration of a new technology aircraft would be near 3,000 aircraft. This market penetration would be attained in approximately 20 years. Annual sales would be about 200 aircraft after 5 to 6 years of introduction. The net present value of cost savings benefit which this aircraft would yield (measured on an infinite horizon basis) would be about $35 million counted at a 10 percent discount rate and $120 million at a 5 percent discount rate. At both discount rates the present value of cost savings exceeds the present value of research and development (R&D) costs estimated for the development of the technology base needed for the proposed aircraft. These results are quite conservative as they have been derived neglecting future growth in the agricultural aviation industry, which has been averaging about 12 percent per year over the past several years.

Long-term Assessment of Carbon Budget of Terrestrial Ecosystems of Russia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maksyutov, S. S.; Shvidenko, A.; Shchepashchenko, D.; Kraxner, F.

2016-12-01

We present a reanalysis of Terrestrial Ecosystems Full Verified Carbon Account (FCA) for Russia for the period of 2000-2012 based on understanding that FCA is an underspecified (fuzzy) system. The methodology used is based on integration of major approaches of carbon cycling assessment with following harmonizing and mutual constraints of the results received by independent methods. The landscape-ecosystem approach (LEA) was used for a systemic design of the account and empirical assessment of the LEA based on a relevant combination of pool-based and flux-based methods. The information background of the LEA is presented in a form of an Integrated Land Information System which include the hybrid landcover (HLC) at resolution of 150 m2 and relevant attributive databases. HLC was developed based on remote sensing multi-sensor concept (using 12 different satellite products), geographic weighted regression and Geo-wiki validation (Schepaschenko et al. 2015). Carbon fluxes which are based on long-term measurements were corrected based on seasonal climatic indicators of individual years. Uncertainties of intermediate and final results within LEA are calculated by sequential algorithms. Results of the LEA were compared with those obtained by eddy covariance, process-based models of different types, inverse modeling and GOSAT Level 4 Products. Uncertainty of the final results was calculated based on the Bayesian approach. It has been shown that terrestrial vegetation of Russia served as a net carbon sink at range of 480-650 Tg C yr-1 during the studied period, mostly at the expense of forests, with interannual variation of around 10-20% at the country's scale. The regional variation was significantly higher that depends on specifics of seasonal weather and accompanying regimes of natural disturbances. The overall uncertainty of the FCA is estimated at 22-25% at the annual basis and 7-9% for the period's average.

Electroweak precision observables and Higgs-boson signal strengths in the Standard Model and beyond: present and future

DOE PAGES

de Blas, J.; Ciuchini, M.; Franco, E.; ...

2016-12-27

We present results from a state-of-the-art fit of electroweak precision observables and Higgs-boson signal-strength measurements performed using 7 and 8 TeV data from the Large Hadron Collider. Based on the HEPfit package, our study updates the traditional fit of electroweak precision observables and extends it to include Higgs-boson measurements. As a result we obtain constraints on new physics corrections to both electroweak observables and Higgs-boson couplings. We present the projected accuracy of the fit taking into account the expected sensitivities at future colliders.

Electroweak precision observables and Higgs-boson signal strengths in the Standard Model and beyond: present and future

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

de Blas, J.; Ciuchini, M.; Franco, E.

We present results from a state-of-the-art fit of electroweak precision observables and Higgs-boson signal-strength measurements performed using 7 and 8 TeV data from the Large Hadron Collider. Based on the HEPfit package, our study updates the traditional fit of electroweak precision observables and extends it to include Higgs-boson measurements. As a result we obtain constraints on new physics corrections to both electroweak observables and Higgs-boson couplings. We present the projected accuracy of the fit taking into account the expected sensitivities at future colliders.

Effect of a legal prime on clinician's assessment of suicide risk.

PubMed

Berman, Noah Chase; Sullivan, Alexandra; Wilhelm, Sabine; Cohen, I Glenn

2016-01-01

The present study evaluates how liability influences mental health clinicians' assessment of suicide risk. In this online vignette-based experiment, clinicians (N = 268) were either primed with a legal standard prior to a case vignette or presented the case vignette alone. Clinicians then rated the patient's likelihood of suicide and need for hospitalization. Results indicated that trainees provided significantly lower ratings of suicide risk following presentation of the legal standard, but this was not associated with hospitalization endorsement. Results have training and legal implications for improving the accuracy of suicide risk assessment in both trainees and licensed professionals.

Celescope catalog of ultraviolet stellar observations. Magnetic tape version. [Orbiting Astronomical Observatory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davis, R. J.; Deutschman, W. A.; Haramundanis, K. L.

1973-01-01

Observational results obtained by the celescope experiment during the first 16 months of operation of NASA's Orbiting Astronomical Observatory are presented. Results of the stellar observations are listed along with selected ground-based information obtained from the available literature.

Loran Automatic Vehicle Monitoring System, Phase I : Volume 1. Test Results.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-08-01

Presents results of the evaluation phase of a two phase program to develop an Automatic Vehicle Monitoring (AVM) system for the Southern California Rapid Transit District in Los Angeles, California. Tests were previously conducted on a Loran based lo...

The impact of computer science in molecular medicine: enabling high-throughput research.

PubMed

de la Iglesia, Diana; García-Remesal, Miguel; de la Calle, Guillermo; Kulikowski, Casimir; Sanz, Ferran; Maojo, Víctor

2013-01-01

The Human Genome Project and the explosion of high-throughput data have transformed the areas of molecular and personalized medicine, which are producing a wide range of studies and experimental results and providing new insights for developing medical applications. Research in many interdisciplinary fields is resulting in data repositories and computational tools that support a wide diversity of tasks: genome sequencing, genome-wide association studies, analysis of genotype-phenotype interactions, drug toxicity and side effects assessment, prediction of protein interactions and diseases, development of computational models, biomarker discovery, and many others. The authors of the present paper have developed several inventories covering tools, initiatives and studies in different computational fields related to molecular medicine: medical informatics, bioinformatics, clinical informatics and nanoinformatics. With these inventories, created by mining the scientific literature, we have carried out several reviews of these fields, providing researchers with a useful framework to locate, discover, search and integrate resources. In this paper we present an analysis of the state-of-the-art as it relates to computational resources for molecular medicine, based on results compiled in our inventories, as well as results extracted from a systematic review of the literature and other scientific media. The present review is based on the impact of their related publications and the available data and software resources for molecular medicine. It aims to provide information that can be useful to support ongoing research and work to improve diagnostics and therapeutics based on molecular-level insights.

Formation and field-driven dynamics of nematic spheroids.

PubMed

Fu, Fred; Abukhdeir, Nasser Mohieddin

2017-07-19

Unlike the canonical application of liquid crystals (LCs), LC displays, emerging technologies based on LC materials are increasingly leveraging the presence of nanoscale defects. The inherent nanoscale characteristics of LC defects present both significant opportunities as well as barriers for the application of this fascinating class of materials. Simulation-based approaches to the study of the effects of confinement and interface anchoring conditions on LC domains has resulted in significant progress over the past decade, where simulations are now able to access experimentally-relevant length scales while simultaneously capturing nanoscale defect structures. In this work, continuum simulations were performed in order to study the dynamics of micron-scale nematic LC spheroids of varying shape. Nematic spheroids are one of the simplest inherently defect-containing LC structures and are relevant to polymer-dispersed LC-based "smart" window technology. Simulation results include nematic phase formation and external field-switching dynamics of nematic spheroids ranging in shape from oblate to prolate. Results include both qualitative and quantitative insight into the complex coupling of nanoscale defect dynamics and structure transitions to micron-scale reorientation. Dynamic mechanisms are presented and related to structural transitions in LC defects present in the nematic domain. Domain-averaged metrics including order parameters and response times are determined for a range of experimentally-accessible electric field strengths. These results have both fundamental and technological relevance, in that increased understanding of LC dynamics in the presence of defects is a key barrier to continued advancement in the field.

An Efficient ERP-Based Brain-Computer Interface Using Random Set Presentation and Face Familiarity

PubMed Central

Müller, Klaus-Robert; Lee, Seong-Whan

2014-01-01

Event-related potential (ERP)-based P300 spellers are commonly used in the field of brain-computer interfaces as an alternative channel of communication for people with severe neuro-muscular diseases. This study introduces a novel P300 based brain-computer interface (BCI) stimulus paradigm using a random set presentation pattern and exploiting the effects of face familiarity. The effect of face familiarity is widely studied in the cognitive neurosciences and has recently been addressed for the purpose of BCI. In this study we compare P300-based BCI performances of a conventional row-column (RC)-based paradigm with our approach that combines a random set presentation paradigm with (non-) self-face stimuli. Our experimental results indicate stronger deflections of the ERPs in response to face stimuli, which are further enhanced when using the self-face images, and thereby improving P300-based spelling performance. This lead to a significant reduction of stimulus sequences required for correct character classification. These findings demonstrate a promising new approach for improving the speed and thus fluency of BCI-enhanced communication with the widely used P300-based BCI setup. PMID:25384045

An efficient ERP-based brain-computer interface using random set presentation and face familiarity.

PubMed

Yeom, Seul-Ki; Fazli, Siamac; Müller, Klaus-Robert; Lee, Seong-Whan

2014-01-01

Event-related potential (ERP)-based P300 spellers are commonly used in the field of brain-computer interfaces as an alternative channel of communication for people with severe neuro-muscular diseases. This study introduces a novel P300 based brain-computer interface (BCI) stimulus paradigm using a random set presentation pattern and exploiting the effects of face familiarity. The effect of face familiarity is widely studied in the cognitive neurosciences and has recently been addressed for the purpose of BCI. In this study we compare P300-based BCI performances of a conventional row-column (RC)-based paradigm with our approach that combines a random set presentation paradigm with (non-) self-face stimuli. Our experimental results indicate stronger deflections of the ERPs in response to face stimuli, which are further enhanced when using the self-face images, and thereby improving P300-based spelling performance. This lead to a significant reduction of stimulus sequences required for correct character classification. These findings demonstrate a promising new approach for improving the speed and thus fluency of BCI-enhanced communication with the widely used P300-based BCI setup.

Determination of Pu and 241Am in soils by instrumental methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yaroshevich, O. J.; Zhuk, I. V.; Lomonosova, E. M.; Svetlakova, N. N.; Mironov, V. P.; Kudryashov, V. P.; Bushuev, A. V.

1995-06-01

A method based on the detection of x- and low energy γ-radiation for determining the activity of plutonium and americium-241 in soils and sediments is described. The results of x- and γ-radiation spectral measurements are presented. Possible ways to increase the sensitivity of the method are discussed. The results of measurements of α-particle activity distributions with solid state nuclear track detectors for depth profiling of different types of soils are also presented.

Mechanical properties of green composites based on thermoplastic starch

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fornes, F.; Sánchez-Nácher, L.; Fenollar, O.; Boronat, T.; Garcia-Sanoguera, D.

2010-06-01

The present work is focused on study of "green composites" elaborated from thermoplastic starch (TPS) as polymer matrix and a fiber from natural origin (rush) as reinforced fiber. The effect of the fiber content has been studied by means of the mechanical properties. The composite resulting presents a lack of interaction between matrix and fiber that represents a performance decrease. However the biodegradability behavior of the resulting composite raise this composite as useful an industrial level.

Towards the Ultimate Multi-Junction Solar Cell using Transfer Printing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lumb, Matthew P.; Meitl, Matt; Schmieder, Kenneth J.

2016-11-21

Transfer printing is a uniquely enabling technology for the heterogeneous integration of III-V materials grown on dissimilar substrates. In this paper, we present experimental results for a mechanically stacked tandem cell using GaAs and GaSb-based materials capable of harvesting the entire solar spectrum with 44.5% efficiency. We also present the latest results toward developing an ultra-high performance heterogeneous cell, integrating materials grown on GaAs, InP and GaSb platforms.

Research on the exponential growth effect on network topology: Theoretical and empirical analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Shouwei; You, Zongjun

Integrated circuit (IC) industry network has been built in Yangtze River Delta with the constant expansion of IC industry. The IC industry network grows exponentially with the establishment of new companies and the establishment of contacts with old firms. Based on preferential attachment and exponential growth, the paper presents the analytical results in which the vertices degree of scale-free network follows power-law distribution p(k)˜k‑γ (γ=2β+1) and parameter β satisfies 0.5≤β≤1. At the same time, we find that the preferential attachment takes place in a dynamic local world and the size of the dynamic local world is in direct proportion to the size of whole networks. The paper also gives the analytical results of no-preferential attachment and exponential growth on random networks. The computer simulated results of the model illustrate these analytical results. Through some investigations on the enterprises, this paper at first presents the distribution of IC industry, composition of industrial chain and service chain firstly. Then, the correlative network and its analysis of industrial chain and service chain are presented. The correlative analysis of the whole IC industry is also presented at the same time. Based on the theory of complex network, the analysis and comparison of industrial chain network and service chain network in Yangtze River Delta are provided in the paper.

A Systematic Approach for Model-Based Aircraft Engine Performance Estimation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, Donald L.; Garg, Sanjay

2010-01-01

A requirement for effective aircraft engine performance estimation is the ability to account for engine degradation, generally described in terms of unmeasurable health parameters such as efficiencies and flow capacities related to each major engine module. This paper presents a linear point design methodology for minimizing the degradation-induced error in model-based aircraft engine performance estimation applications. The technique specifically focuses on the underdetermined estimation problem, where there are more unknown health parameters than available sensor measurements. A condition for Kalman filter-based estimation is that the number of health parameters estimated cannot exceed the number of sensed measurements. In this paper, the estimated health parameter vector will be replaced by a reduced order tuner vector whose dimension is equivalent to the sensed measurement vector. The reduced order tuner vector is systematically selected to minimize the theoretical mean squared estimation error of a maximum a posteriori estimator formulation. This paper derives theoretical estimation errors at steady-state operating conditions, and presents the tuner selection routine applied to minimize these values. Results from the application of the technique to an aircraft engine simulation are presented and compared to the estimation accuracy achieved through conventional maximum a posteriori and Kalman filter estimation approaches. Maximum a posteriori estimation results demonstrate that reduced order tuning parameter vectors can be found that approximate the accuracy of estimating all health parameters directly. Kalman filter estimation results based on the same reduced order tuning parameter vectors demonstrate that significantly improved estimation accuracy can be achieved over the conventional approach of selecting a subset of health parameters to serve as the tuner vector. However, additional development is necessary to fully extend the methodology to Kalman filter-based estimation applications.

New light field camera based on physical based rendering tracing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chung, Ming-Han; Chang, Shan-Ching; Lee, Chih-Kung

2014-03-01

Even though light field technology was first invented more than 50 years ago, it did not gain popularity due to the limitation imposed by the computation technology. With the rapid advancement of computer technology over the last decade, the limitation has been uplifted and the light field technology quickly returns to the spotlight of the research stage. In this paper, PBRT (Physical Based Rendering Tracing) was introduced to overcome the limitation of using traditional optical simulation approach to study the light field camera technology. More specifically, traditional optical simulation approach can only present light energy distribution but typically lack the capability to present the pictures in realistic scenes. By using PBRT, which was developed to create virtual scenes, 4D light field information was obtained to conduct initial data analysis and calculation. This PBRT approach was also used to explore the light field data calculation potential in creating realistic photos. Furthermore, we integrated the optical experimental measurement results with PBRT in order to place the real measurement results into the virtually created scenes. In other words, our approach provided us with a way to establish a link of virtual scene with the real measurement results. Several images developed based on the above-mentioned approaches were analyzed and discussed to verify the pros and cons of the newly developed PBRT based light field camera technology. It will be shown that this newly developed light field camera approach can circumvent the loss of spatial resolution associated with adopting a micro-lens array in front of the image sensors. Detailed operational constraint, performance metrics, computation resources needed, etc. associated with this newly developed light field camera technique were presented in detail.

Forecast of jet engine exhaust emissions for future high altitude commercial aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grobman, J.; Ingebo, R. D.

1974-01-01

Projected minimum levels of engine exhaust emissions that may be practicably achievable for future commercial aircraft operating at high altitude cruise conditions are presented. The forecasts are based on: (1) current knowledge of emission characteristics of combustors and augmentors; (2) the current status of combustion research in emission reduction technology; (3) predictable trends in combustion systems and operating conditions as required for projected engine designs that are candidates for advanced subsonic or supersonic commercial aircraft. Results are presented for cruise conditions in terms of an emission index, g pollutant/kg fuel. Two sets of engine exhaust emission predictions are presented: the first, based on an independent NASA study and the second, based on the consensus of an ad hoc committee composed of industry, university, and government representatives. The consensus forecasts are in general agreement with the NASA forecasts.

Forecast of jet engine exhaust emissions for future high altitude commercial aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grobman, J.; Ingebo, R. D.

1974-01-01

Projected minimum levels of engine exhaust emissions that may be practicably achievable for future commercial aircraft operating at high altitude cruise conditions are presented. The forecasts are based on: (1) current knowledge of emission characteristics of combustors and augmentors; (2) the current status of combustion research in emission reduction technology; and (3) predictable trends in combustion systems and operating conditions as required for projected engine designs that are candidates for advanced subsonic or supersonic commercial aircraft. Results are presented for cruise conditions in terms of an emission index, g pollutant/kg fuel. Two sets of engine exhaust emission predictions are presented: the first, based on an independent NASA study and the second, based on the consensus of an ad hoc committee composed of industry, university, and government representatives. The consensus forecasts are in general agreement with the NASA forecasts.

DMD-based quantitative phase microscopy and optical diffraction tomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Renjie

2018-02-01

Digital micromirror devices (DMDs), which offer high speed and high degree of freedoms in steering light illuminations, have been increasingly applied to optical microscopy systems in recent years. Lately, we introduced DMDs into digital holography to enable new imaging modalities and break existing imaging limitations. In this paper, we will first present our progress in using DMDs for demonstrating laser-illumination Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) with shotnoise limited detection. After that, we will present a novel common-path quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) system based on using a DMD. Building on those early developments, a DMD-based high speed optical diffraction tomography (ODT) system has been recently demonstrated, and the results will also be presented. This ODT system is able to achieve video-rate 3D refractive-index imaging, which can potentially enable observations of high-speed 3D sample structural changes.

HGDB: A web retrieving cardiovascular-associated gene data.

PubMed

Noorabad-Ghahroodi, Faezeh; Abdi, Samaneh; Zand, Amir Hossein; Najafi, Mohammad

2017-04-01

The use of data obtained from high throughput techniques in genetics studies is an essential subject in biology. The system approaches of networking and enriching may improve the data management. Here, we annotated the molecular features for cardiovascular-associated genes and presented the HGDB search-based database (www.hgdb.ir). The initial seed data was primarily used from Gene Ontology and was automatically enriched with other molecular features. The data was managed in a SQL popular and open source. The search tabs on the HGDB homepage were applied for ID/Name Gene, chromosome, cell organelle and all gene options. The search results were presented on the gene text-based and source link-based descriptions. The HGDB is a friendly website to present gene data in the cardiovascular field. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Telesign: a videophone system for sign language distant communication

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mozelle, Gerard; Preteux, Francoise J.; Viallet, Jean-Emmanuel

1998-09-01

This paper presents a low bit rate videophone system for deaf people communicating by means of sign language. Classic video conferencing systems have focused on head and shoulders sequences which are not well-suited for sign language video transmission since hearing impaired people also use their hands and arms to communicate. To address the above-mentioned functionality, we have developed a two-step content-based video coding system based on: (1) A segmentation step. Four or five video objects (VO) are extracted using a cooperative approach between color-based and morphological segmentation. (2) VO coding are achieved by using a standardized MPEG-4 video toolbox. Results of encoded sign language video sequences, presented for three target bit rates (32 kbits/s, 48 kbits/s and 64 kbits/s), demonstrate the efficiency of the approach presented in this paper.

[Between taking responsibility and becoming independent. Adolescents with a mentally ill parent].

PubMed

Stelling, Kirsten; Habers, Ingeborg; Jungbauer, Johannes

2008-01-01

By now there is a relatively broadly based basic research as to burden and developmental risks in children of mentally ill parents. Nevertheless, hardly any studies exist focusing the living situation of teenagers concerned. This article presents results from an in-depth interview study with 15 adolescents (15 to 21 years old) who have a mentally ill parent. Particularly, the living situation of the study participants was explored from the perspective of developmental psychology, i. e. considering age-specific developmental tasks. The results show that, in many cases, daily life and future perspectives of adolescents are greatly affected by the mental illness of a parent. Based on the results of the study, the article presents conclusions for further research and psychosocial practice. Generally, professional assistance for children of mentally ill people should be on hand as early as possible. When planning specific help offers for adolescents affected, compatibility to their emotional life-world should be taken into consideration. Involving peer counsellors and offering web-based psychological assistance can contribute to better get in touch with adolescent clients.

Image formation simulation for computer-aided inspection planning of machine vision systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Irgenfried, Stephan; Bergmann, Stephan; Mohammadikaji, Mahsa; Beyerer, Jürgen; Dachsbacher, Carsten; Wörn, Heinz

2017-06-01

In this work, a simulation toolset for Computer Aided Inspection Planning (CAIP) of systems for automated optical inspection (AOI) is presented along with a versatile two-robot-setup for verification of simulation and system planning results. The toolset helps to narrow down the large design space of optical inspection systems in interaction with a system expert. The image formation taking place in optical inspection systems is simulated using GPU-based real time graphics and high quality off-line-rendering. The simulation pipeline allows a stepwise optimization of the system, from fast evaluation of surface patch visibility based on real time graphics up to evaluation of image processing results based on off-line global illumination calculation. A focus of this work is on the dependency of simulation quality on measuring, modeling and parameterizing the optical surface properties of the object to be inspected. The applicability to real world problems is demonstrated by taking the example of planning a 3D laser scanner application. Qualitative and quantitative comparison results of synthetic and real images are presented.