Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Indiana state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Louisiana state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Maryland state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Oklahoma state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Alaska state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Montana state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Maine state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Vermont state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Hawaii state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Nevada state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Mississippi state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Ohio state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Georgia state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Alabama state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Virginia state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Utah state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 California state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Oregon state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Tennessee state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Forest wildlife habitat statistics for Maine - 1982

Treesearch

Robert T. Brooks; Thomas S. Frieswyk; Arthur Ritter

1986-01-01

A statistical report on the first forest wildlife habitat survey of Maine (1982). Eighty-five tables show estimates of forest area and several attributes of forest land wildlife habitat. Data are presented at two levels: state and geographic sampling unit.

Sulfur and ash reduction potential and selected chemical and physical properties of United States coals. [Contains glossary

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cavallaro, J.A.; Deurbrouck, A.W.; Killmeyer, R.P.

1991-06-01

This report presents the washability and comprehensive characterization results of 247 raw coal channel samples, including anthracite, bituminous and lignite coals, collected from the Western Region of the United States. Although the Western Region includes Alaska, coal data from this state will often be cited apart from the Western Region data from the lower United States. This is the third of a three volume report on the coals of the United States. All the data are presented in six appendices. Statistical techniques and definitions are presented in Appendix A, and a glossary of terms is presented in Appendix B. Themore » complete washability data and an in-depth characterization of each sample are presented alphabetically by state in Appendix C. In Appendix D, a statistical evaluation is given for the composited washability data, selected chemical and physical properties, and washability data interpolated at various levels of Btu recovery. This presentation is shown by state, section, and region where four or more samples were collected. Appendix E presents coalbed codes and names for the Western Region coals. Graphical summations are presented by state, rank, and region showing the effects of crushing on impurity reductions, and the distribution of raw and clean coal samples meeting various levels of SO{sub 2} emissions. 35 figs., 3 tabs.« less

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 New York state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 New Jersey state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 North Carolina state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 North Dakota state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 South Carolina state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 District of Columbia state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 Rhode Island state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 New Mexico state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Tracking state deployments of commercial vehicle information systems and networks : 1998 New Hampshire state report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Forest statistics for New Jersey--1987

Treesearch

Dawn M. DiGiovanni; Charles T. Scott; Charles T. Scott

1990-01-01

A statistical report on the third forest survey of New Jersey (1987). Findings are displayed in 66 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest statistics for Vermont: 1983 and 1997

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk; Richard H. Widmann; Richard H. Widmann

2000-01-01

A statistical report on the fifth forest inventory of Vermont 1996-1998. Findings are displayed in 86 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees timber volume growth change and biomass. Data are presented at three levels: state, county, and region.

Forest Statistics for Maine, 1995

Treesearch

Douglas M. Griffith; Carol L. Alerich; Carol L. Alerich

1996-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Maine conducted in 1994-96. Findings are displayed in 117 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees, timber volume, and growth. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.

Forest Statistics for New Jersey: 1987 and 1999

Treesearch

Douglas M. Griffith; Richard H. Widmann; Richard H. Widmann

2001-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of New Jersey 1999. Findings are displayed in 49 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees timber volume growth change and biomass. Data are presented at two levels state and county.

Forest Statistics for Connecticut--1972 and 1985

Treesearch

David R. Dickson; Carol L. McAfee; Carol L. McAfee

1988-01-01

A statistical report on the third forest survey of Connecticut (1984). Findings are displayed in 77 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest statistics for Delaware-1972 and 1986

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk; Dawn M. DiGiovanni; Dawn M. DiGiovanni

1989-01-01

A statistical report on the third forest survey of Delaware (1986). Findings are displayed in 65 tables containing estimates of forest area, number of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest Statistics for Massachusetts--1972 and 1985

Treesearch

David R. Dickson; Carol L. McAfee; Carol L. McAfee

1988-01-01

A statistical report on the third forest survey of Massachusetts (1984). Findings are displayed in 76 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest statistics for Rhode Island--1972 and 1985

Treesearch

David R. Dickson; Carol L. McAfee; Carol L. McAfee

1988-01-01

A statistical report on the third forest survey of Rhode Island (1984). Findings are displayed in 77 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest statistics for New Hampshire; 1983 and 1997

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk; Richard H. Widmann; Richard H. Widmann

2000-01-01

A statistical report on the fifth forest inventory of New Hampshire 1996-1998. Findings are displayed in 86 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees timber volume growth change and biomass. Data are presented at three levels; state, county, and region.

Forest statistics for Massachusetts: 1985 and 1998

Treesearch

Carol L. Alerich; Carol L. Alerich

2000-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Massachusetts (1997-1998.) Findings are dispayed in 67 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees, wildlife habitat, timber volume, growth, change, and biomass. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest Statistics for Kentucky - 1975 and 1988

Treesearch

Carol L. Alerich

1990-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest survey of Kentucky (1988). Findings are displayed in 204 tables containing estimates of forest area, number of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.

Forest statistics for Connecticut: 1985 and 1998

Treesearch

Carol L. Alerich; Carol L. Alerich

2000-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Connecticut 1997-1998. Findings are displayed in 67 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees wildlife habitat timber volume growth change and biomass Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest statistics for Maryland--1976 and 1986

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk; Dawn M. DiGiovanni; Dawn M. DiGiovanni

1988-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest survey of Maryland (1986). Findings are displayed in 115 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.

State Estimation Using Dependent Evidence Fusion: Application to Acoustic Resonance-Based Liquid Level Measurement.

PubMed

Xu, Xiaobin; Li, Zhenghui; Li, Guo; Zhou, Zhe

2017-04-21

Estimating the state of a dynamic system via noisy sensor measurement is a common problem in sensor methods and applications. Most state estimation methods assume that measurement noise and state perturbations can be modeled as random variables with known statistical properties. However in some practical applications, engineers can only get the range of noises, instead of the precise statistical distributions. Hence, in the framework of Dempster-Shafer (DS) evidence theory, a novel state estimatation method by fusing dependent evidence generated from state equation, observation equation and the actual observations of the system states considering bounded noises is presented. It can be iteratively implemented to provide state estimation values calculated from fusion results at every time step. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a low-frequency acoustic resonance level gauge to obtain high-accuracy measurement results.

Forest statistics for Rhode Island: 1985 and 1998

Treesearch

Carol L. Alerich; Carol L. Alerich

2000-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Rhode Island (1997-1998.) Findings are displayed in 67 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees, wildlife habitat, timber, volume, growth, change and biomass. Data are presented at two levels: state and county.

Forest statistics for Maryland: 1986 and 1999

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk

2001-01-01

A statistical report on the fifth forest inventory of Maryland (1998-1999). Findings are displayed in 109 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, wildlife habitat, timber volume, growth, change, and biomass. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit and county.

Forest statistics for Ohio, 1991

Treesearch

Douglas M. Griffith; Dawn M. DiGiovanni; Teresa L. Witzel; Eric H. Wharton

1993-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Ohio conducted in 1988-90. Findings are displayed in tables containing estimates of forest area, number of trees, sawtimber volume, growing-stock volume, biomass, growth, and removals. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.

Forest statistics for West Virginia--1975 and 1989

Treesearch

Dawn M. Di Giovanni; Dawn M. Di Giovanni

1990-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest survey of West Virginia (1989). Findings are displayed in 119 tables containing estimates of forest area, number of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.

Forest Statistics for New York 1980 and 1993

Treesearch

Carol L. Alerich; David A. Drake; David A. Drake

1995-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of New York 1991- 1994. Findings are displayed in 155 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees wildlife habitat timber volume growth change and biomass. Data are presented at three levels; state, geographic unit, and county.

Qualitative Assessment of IVHS Emission and Air Quality Impacts

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Forest statistics for Pennsylvania--1978 and 1989

Treesearch

Carol L. Alerich; Carol L. Alerich

1993-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest survey of Pennsylvania (1988-90). Findings are displayed in 157 tables containing estimates of forest area, numbers of trees, wildlife habitat, tree biomass, timber volume, timber products outp~qg, rowth, and change. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.

Forest wildlife habitat statistics for Vermont--1983

Treesearch

Robert T. Brooks; Thomas S. Frieswyk; Anne M. Malley; Anne M. Malley

1987-01-01

A statistical report on the first forest wildlife habitat survey of Vermont (1983). Findings are displayed in 67 tables covering forest area, landscape patterns, mast potential, standing dead and cavity trees, and lesser woody stemmed vegetation. Data are presented at county and/or unit and state levels of resolution.

Feasibility assessment of the use of transit bus driving simulators : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Connected vehicle insights : fourth generation wireless - vehicle and highway gateways to the cloud.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-04-07

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Forest wildlife habitat statistics for Maryland and Delaware--1986

Treesearch

Robert T. Brooks; Dawn M. DiGiovanni; Dawn M. DiGiovanni

1989-01-01

A statistical report on the forest wildlife habitat survey of Maryland and Delaware (1986). Findings are displayed in 11 8 tables covering forest area, landscape pattern, mast potential, standing dead and cavity trees; and understory woody-stemmed vegetation. Data are presented at county and/or unit and state levels of resolution.

Statistical Strategy for Inventorying and Monitoring the Ecosystem Resources of the State of Jalisco at Multiple Scales and Resolution Levels

Treesearch

Robin M. Reich; Hans T. Schreuder

2006-01-01

The sampling strategy involving both statistical and in-place inventory information is presented for the natural resources project of the Green Belt area (Centuron Verde) in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The sampling designs used were a grid based ground sample of a 90x90 m plot and a two-stage stratified sample of 30 x 30 m plots. The data collected were used to...

Tracking the deployment of the integrated metropolitan ITS infrastructure in Albany, Schenectady, Troy : FY99 results

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

The purpose of this document is to present state-level statistics for the CVISN deployment described in the national report. These data will allow state stakeholders to evaluate their own deployment standings in relation to national averages. The nat...

Rankings & Estimates: Rankings of the States 2010 and Estimates of School Statistics 2011

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association Research Department, 2010

2010-01-01

The data presented in this combined report--"Rankings & Estimates"--provide facts about the extent to which local, state, and national governments commit resources to public education. As one might expect in a nation as diverse as the United States--with respect to economics, geography, and politics--the level of commitment to…

Rankings & Estimates: Rankings of the States 2015 and Estimates of School Statistics 2016

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, 2016

2016-01-01

The data presented in this combined report--"Rankings & Estimates"--provide facts about the extent to which local, state, and national governments commit resources to public education. As one might expect in a nation as diverse as the United States--with respect to economics, geography, and politics--the level of commitment to…

VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INFORMATION SYSTEM. FINAL REPORT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ZWICKEL, I.; AND OTHERS

STATE- AND FEDERAL-LEVEL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS WERE DEVELOPED FOR A SYSTEM CAPABLE OF COLLECTING AND REDUCING NATIONWIDE STATISTICAL DATA ON VOCATIONAL EDUCATION. THESE SPECIFICATIONS WERE EXPECTED TO PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR THE ADOPTION BY ALL STATES OF AN INFORMATION REPORTING SYSTEM THAT WOULD MEET BOTH PRESENT AND FUTURE FEDERAL REPORTING…

1976-77 California Public Schools Selected Statistics: Operating Units, Revenues, Teachers and Pupils, Expenditures.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Bureau of School Apportionments and Reports.

Statistics on the California school system presented in this publication are prerequisites to the determination of policy at the state and local levels. This publication lists the number of pupils, teachers, and schools in the California school system and associated programs in the 1976-77 school year. It also records the expenditures of public…

Statistics as Tools in Library Planning: On the State and Institutional Level.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trezza, Alphonse F.

The principal uses of statistics in library planning may be illustrated by examples from the state of Illinois. State law specifies that the Illinois State Library compile and publish statistics on libraries. State agencies also play an important and expanding role in this effort. The state library now compiles statistics on all types of…

Petroleum supply monthly, April 1991. [Glossary included

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1991-04-29

Data presented in the PSM (Petroleum Supply Monthly) describe the supply and disposition of petroleum products in the United States and major US geographic regions. The data series describe production, imports and exports, inter-Petroleum Administration for Defense (PAD) District movements, and inventories by the primary suppliers of petroleum products in the United States (50 States and the District of Columbia). The reporting universe includes those petroleum sectors in Primary Supply. Included are: petroleum refiners, motor gasoline blenders, operators of natural gas processing plants and fractionators, inter-PAD transporters, importers, and major inventory holders of petroleum products and crude oil. When aggregated,more » the data reported by these sectors approximately represent the consumption of petroleum products in the United States. The tables and figures in the Summary Statistics section of the PSM present a time series of selected petroleum data on a US level. Most time series include preliminary estimates for one month. The Detailed Statistics tables of the PSM present statistics for the most current month available as well as year-to-date. Industry terminology and product definitions are listed alphabetically in the Glossary. 14 figs., 65 tabs.« less

State Transportation Statistics 2014

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-15

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) presents State Transportation Statistics 2014, a statistical profile of transportation in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. This is the 12th annual edition of State Transportation Statistics, a ...

Examining the differences in format and characteristics of zoonotic virus surveillance data on state agency websites.

PubMed

Scotch, Matthew; Baarson, Brittany; Beard, Rachel; Lauder, Robert; Varman, Aarthi; Halden, Rolf U

2013-04-26

Zoonotic viruses are infectious organisms transmittable between animals and humans. Agencies of public health, agriculture, and wildlife conduct surveillance of zoonotic viruses and often report data on their websites. However, the format and characteristics of these data are not known. To describe and compare the format and characteristics of statistics of zoonotic viruses on state public health, agriculture, and wildlife agency websites. For each state, we considered the websites of that state's public health, agriculture, and wildlife agency. For each website, we noted the presence of any statistics for zoonotic viruses from 2000-2012. We analyzed the data using numerous categories including type of statistic, temporal and geographic level of detail, and format. We prioritized our analysis within each category based on assumptions of individuals' preferences for extracting and analyzing data from websites. Thus, if two types of data (such as city and state-level) were present for a given virus in a given year, we counted the one with higher priority (city). External links from agency sites to other websites were not considered. From 2000-2012, state health departments had the most extensive virus data, followed by agriculture, and then wildlife. We focused on the seven viruses that were common across the three agencies. These included rabies, West Nile virus, eastern equine encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, influenza, and dengue fever. Simple numerical totals were most often used to report the data (89% for public health, 81% for agriculture, and 82% for wildlife), and proportions were not different (chi-square P=.15). Public health data were most often presented yearly (66%), while agriculture and wildlife agencies often described cases as they occurred (Fisher's Exact test P<.001). Regarding format, public health agencies had more downloadable PDF files (68%), while agriculture (61%) and wildlife agencies (46%) presented data directly in the text of the HTML webpage (Fisher's Exact test P<.001). Demographics and other information including age, gender, and host were limited. Finally, a Fisher's Exact test showed no association between geography data and agency type (P=.08). However, it was noted that agriculture department data was often at the county level (63%), while public health was mixed between county (38%) and state (35%). This study focused on the format and characteristics of statistics of zoonotic viruses on websites of state public health, wildlife, and agriculture agencies in the context of population health surveillance. Data on zoonotic viruses varied across agencies presenting challenges for researchers needing to integrate animal and human data from different websites.

Spatial Statistical and Modeling Strategy for Inventorying and Monitoring Ecosystem Resources at Multiple Scales and Resolution Levels

Treesearch

Robin M. Reich; C. Aguirre-Bravo; M.S. Williams

2006-01-01

A statistical strategy for spatial estimation and modeling of natural and environmental resource variables and indicators is presented. This strategy is part of an inventory and monitoring pilot study that is being carried out in the Mexican states of Jalisco and Colima. Fine spatial resolution estimates of key variables and indicators are outputs that will allow the...

Alternative Natural Resource Monitoring Strategies in the Mexican States of Jalisco and Colima

Treesearch

Cele Aguirre-Bravo; Hans Schreuder

2005-01-01

This paper presents a strategy for inventorying and monitoring the natural resources in the Mexican states of Jalisco and Colima. The strategy emphasizes a strong linkage between remote sensing with field sampling design to produce statistical summaries and spatial estimates at multiple scales and resolution levels. Outputs derived from this strategy are expected to...

1986 traffic fatalities, preliminary report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1987-04-01

This report provides a number of preliminary estimate of traffic fatalities and fatal accidents for 1986. Trend data are presented for both the long and short term. Some summary statistics are provided at the State and Regional level. The national es...

Downscaling U.S. public opinion about climate change and the 'Six Americas' to states, cities, and counties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marlon, J. R.; Howe, P. D.; Leiserowitz, A.

2013-12-01

For climate change communication to be most effective, messages should be targeted to the characteristics of local audiences. In the U.S., 'Six Americas' have been identified among the public based on their response to the climate change issue. The distribution of these different 'publics' varies between states and communities, yet data about public opinion at the sub-national scale remains scarce. In this presentation, we describe a methodology to statistically downscale results from national-level surveys about the Six Americas, climate literacy, and other aspects of public opinion to smaller areas, including states, metropolitan areas, and counties. The method utilizes multilevel regression with poststratification (MRP) to model public opinion at various scales using a large national-level survey dataset. We present state and county-level estimates of two key beliefs about climate change: belief that climate change is happening, and belief in the scientific consensus about climate change. We further present estimates of how the Six Americas vary across the U.S.

A survey to assess the educational-level interference on self-evaluation of acute pain.

PubMed

Labronici, Pedro José; Pires, Robinson Esteves Santos; Bastos Filho, Ricardo Pinheiro dos Santos; Pires-e-Albuquerque, Rodrigo Sattamini; Palma, Idemar Monteiro de; Giordano, Vincenzo; Franco, José Sérgio

2015-08-01

The present study aimed to evaluate whether patient education level interferes in the percentage of pain relief or increase using visual analogue scale (VAS) and subjective pain perception. Ninety-five patients presenting acute shoulder pain due to enthesitis were evaluated. They were asked to quantify the pain using VAS before steroid articular infiltration. One week later, patients reevaluated the pain using VAS and orally stated the percentage of perceived pain increase or relief. The information gathered was then compared among three patient educational levels (elementary, high school, and university). Percentages of improvement stated orally and utilizing VAS presented no statistically significant differences among the three educational status levels (p = 0.804). Patient educational status caused no impact in the results of acute pain self-assessment with VAS and oral evaluation.

State transportation statistics 2004

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-12-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) presents State Transportation : Statistics 2004, a statistical profile of transportation in the 50 states and the : District of Columbia. This document is a successor to the BTS State : Transportation Pro...

Mining Claim Activity on Federal Land in the United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Causey, J. Douglas

2007-01-01

Several statistical compilations of mining claim activity on Federal land derived from the Bureau of Land Management's LR2000 database have previously been published by the U.S Geological Survey (USGS). The work in the 1990s did not include Arkansas or Florida. None of the previous reports included Alaska because it is stored in a separate database (Alaska Land Information System) and is in a different format. This report includes data for all states for which there are Federal mining claim records, beginning in 1976 and continuing to the present. The intent is to update the spatial and statistical data associated with this report on an annual basis, beginning with 2005 data. The statistics compiled from the databases are counts of the number of active mining claims in a section of land each year from 1976 to the present for all states within the United States. Claim statistics are subset by lode and placer types, as well as a dataset summarizing all claims including mill site and tunnel site claims. One table presents data by case type, case status, and number of claims in a section. This report includes a spatial database for each state in which mining claims were recorded, except North Dakota, which only has had two claims. A field is present that allows the statistical data to be joined to the spatial databases so that spatial displays and analysis can be done by using appropriate geographic information system (GIS) software. The data show how mining claim activity has changed in intensity, space, and time. Variations can be examined on a state, as well as a national level. The data are tied to a section of land, approximately 640 acres, which allows it to be used at regional, as well as local scale. The data only pertain to Federal land and mineral estate that was open to mining claim location at the time the claims were staked.

Using Internet Search Data to Produce State-Level Measures: The Case of Tea Party Mobilization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiGrazia, Joseph

2017-01-01

This study proposes using Internet search data from search engines like Google to produce state-level metrics that are useful in social science research. Generally, state-level research relies on demographic statistics, official statistics produced by government agencies, or aggregated survey data. However, each of these data sources has serious…

Scattering from Rock and Rock Outcrops

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-30

Scattering from Rock and Rock Outcrops Derek R. Olson The Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 30 State...In terms of target detection and classification, scattering from exposed rock on the seafloor, (i.e., individual rocks and rock outcrops) presents...levels, and other statistical measures of acoustic scattering from rocks and rock outcrops is therefore critical. Unfortunately (and curiously

Electric Power Monthly, June 1990

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1990-09-13

The EPM is prepared by the Electric Power Division; Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels, Energy Information Administration (EIA), Department of Energy. This publication provides monthly statistics at the national, Census division, and State levels for net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity and quality of fuel, electricity sales, and average revenue per kilowatthour of electricity sold. Data on net generation are also displayed at the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) region level. Additionally, company and plant level information are published in the EPM on capability of new plants, net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity andmore » quality of fuel, and cost of fuel. Quantity, quality, and cost of fuel data lag the net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, electricity sales, and average revenue per kilowatthour data by 1 month. This difference in reporting appears in the national, Census division, and State level tables. However, at the plant level, all statistics presented are for the earlier month for the purpose of comparison. 40 tabs.« less

State transportation statistics 2009

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of DOTs Research and : Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation : Statistics 2009, a statistical profile of transportation in the 50 states and the : District ...

Estimates of School Statistics, 1971-72.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanigan, Jean M.

This report presents public school statistics for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the regions and outlying areas of the United States. The text presents national data for each of the past 10 years and defines the basic series of statistics. Tables present the revised estimates by State and region for 1970-71 and the preliminary…

Valuing EQ-5D-5L health states 'in context' using a discrete choice experiment.

PubMed

Cole, Amanda; Shah, Koonal; Mulhern, Brendan; Feng, Yan; Devlin, Nancy

2018-05-01

In health state valuation studies, health states are typically presented as a series of sentences, each describing a health dimension and severity 'level'. Differences in the severity levels can be subtle, and confusion about which is 'worse' can lead to logically inconsistent valuation data. A solution could be to mimic the way patients self-report health, where the ordinal structure of levels is clear. We develop and test the feasibility of presenting EQ-5D-5L health states in the 'context' of the entire EQ-5D-5L descriptive system. An online two-arm discrete choice experiment was conducted in the UK (n = 993). Respondents were randomly allocated to a control (standard presentation) or 'context' arm. Each respondent completed 16 paired comparison tasks and feedback questions about the tasks. Differences across arms were assessed using regression analyses. Presenting health states 'in context' can significantly reduce the selection of logically dominated health states, particularly for labels 'severe' and 'extreme' (χ 2  = 46.02, p < 0.001). Preferences differ significantly between arms (likelihood ratio statistic = 42.00, p < 0.05). Comparing conditional logit modeling results, coefficients are ordered as expected for both arms, but the magnitude of decrements between levels is larger for the context arm. Health state presentation is a key consideration in the design of valuation studies. Presenting health states 'in context' affects valuation data and reduces logical inconsistencies. Our results could have implications for other valuation tasks such as time trade-off, and for the valuation of other preference-based measures.

State Transportation Statistics 2011

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-08-08

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of DOTs Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2011, a statistical profile of transportation in the 50 states and the District of Col...

State Transportation Statistics 2010

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-09-14

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of DOTs Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2010, a statistical profile of transportation in the 50 states and the District of Col...

State transportation statistics 2005

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-12-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of DOTs Research and Innovative : Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2005, a : statistical profi le of transportation in the 50 states and the District o...

State transportation statistics 2007

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of DOTs Research and Innovative : Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2007, a : statistical profi le of transportation in the 50 states and the District o...

State transportation statistics 2006

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-12-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of DOTs Research and Innovative : Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2006, a : statistical profi le of transportation in the 50 states and the District o...

Characteristics of the Low-Income Population, 1971. Current Population Reports: Consumer Income, Series P-60, Number 86.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shelburne, Elizabeth C.

This report presents social and economic statistics for the population of the United States below the low-income level in 1971, based on the March 1972 Current Population Survey. Included are data on selected characteristics of the population below the low-income level in 1971, such as geographic distribution, race and ethnic origin, family…

Menzerath-Altmann Law: Statistical Mechanical Interpretation as Applied to a Linguistic Organization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eroglu, Sertac

2014-10-01

The distribution behavior described by the empirical Menzerath-Altmann law is frequently encountered during the self-organization of linguistic and non-linguistic natural organizations at various structural levels. This study presents a statistical mechanical derivation of the law based on the analogy between the classical particles of a statistical mechanical organization and the distinct words of a textual organization. The derived model, a transformed (generalized) form of the Menzerath-Altmann model, was termed as the statistical mechanical Menzerath-Altmann model. The derived model allows interpreting the model parameters in terms of physical concepts. We also propose that many organizations presenting the Menzerath-Altmann law behavior, whether linguistic or not, can be methodically examined by the transformed distribution model through the properly defined structure-dependent parameter and the energy associated states.

Enrollment and Employees in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2015; and Financial Statistics and Academic Libraries, Fiscal Year 2015. First Look (Provisional Data). NCES 2017-024

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ginder, Scott A.; Kelly-Reid, Janice E.; Mann, Farrah B.

2017-01-01

The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) collects institution-level data from postsecondary institutions in the United States (50 states and the District of Columbia) and other U.S. jurisdictions. This "First Look" presents findings from the provisional data of the IPEDS spring 2016 data collection, which included four…

The Feasibility of Collecting School-Level Finance Data: An Evaluation of Data from the School-Level Finance Survey (SLFS) School Year 2013-14. Research and Development Report. NCES 2018-305

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornman, Stephen Q.; Zhou, Lei; Ampadu, Osei; D'Antonio, Laura; Gromos, David; Wheeler, Stephen

2018-01-01

This report presents school-level finance data on expenditures by function from the School-Level Finance Survey (SLFS). The SLFS is an extension of two existing collections being conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) in collaboration with the Census Bureau: the School District Finance Survey (F-33) and the state-level…

Photon strength and the low-energy enhancement

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wiedeking, M.; Bernstein, L. A.; Bleuel, D. L.

2014-08-14

Several measurements in medium mass nuclei have reported a low-energy enhancement in the photon strength function. Although, much effort has been invested in unraveling the mysteries of this effect, its physical origin is still not conclusively understood. Here, a completely model-independent experimental approach to investigate the existence of this enhancement is presented. The experiment was designed to study statistical feeding from the quasi-continuum (below the neutron separation energy) to individual low-lying discrete levels in {sup 95}Mo produced in the (d, p) reaction. A key aspect to successfully study gamma decay from the region of high-level density is the detection andmore » extraction of correlated particle-gamma-gamma events which was accomplished using an array of Clover HPGe detectors and large area annular silicon detectors. The entrance channel excitation energy into the residual nucleus produced in the reaction was inferred from the detected proton energies in the silicon detectors. Gating on gamma-transitions originating from low-lying discrete levels specifies the state fed by statistical gamma-rays. Any particle-gamma-gamma event in combination with specific energy sum requirements ensures a clean and unambiguous determination of the initial and final state of the observed gamma rays. With these requirements the statistical feeding to individual discrete levels is extracted on an event-by-event basis. The results are presented and compared to {sup 95}Mo photon strength function data measured at the University of Oslo.« less

Enrollment and Employees in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2016; and Financial Statistics and Academic Libraries, Fiscal Year 2016: First Look (Provisional Data). NCES 2018-002

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ginder, Scott A.; Kelly-Reid, Janice E.; Mann, Farrah B.

2017-01-01

The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) collects institution-level data from postsecondary institutions in the United States (50 states and the District of Columbia) and other U.S. jurisdictions (see appendix A for a list of other U.S. jurisdictions). This "First Look" presents findings from the provisional data of the…

Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2011; Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2011; and Graduation Rates, Selected Cohorts, 2003-2008: First Look (Provisional Data). NCES 2012-174rev

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knapp, Laura G.; Kelly-Reid, Janice E.; Ginder, Scott A.

2012-01-01

The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) collects institution-level data from postsecondary institutions in the United States (50 states and the District of Columbia) and other U.S. jurisdictions (see appendix A for a list of other U.S. jurisdictions). This "First Look" presents findings from the provisional data of the…

Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2011; Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2011; and Graduation Rates, Selected Cohorts, 2003-2008: First Look (Preliminary Data). NCES 2012-174

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knapp, Laura G.; Kelly-Reid, Janice E.; Ginder, Scott A.

2012-01-01

The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) collects institution-level data from postsecondary institutions in the United States (50 states and the District of Columbia) and other U.S. jurisdictions (see appendix A for a list of other U.S. jurisdictions). This "First Look" presents findings from the preliminary data of the…

Statistical strategy for inventorying and monitoring the ecosystem resources of the Mexican States of Jalisco and Colima at multiple scales and resolution levels

Treesearch

H. T. Schreuder; M. S. Williams; C. Aguirre-Bravo; P. L. Patterson

2003-01-01

The sampling strategy is presented for the initial phase of the natural resources pilot project in the Mexican States of Jalisco and Colima. The sampling design used is ground-based cluster sampling with poststratification based on Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery. The data collected will serve as a basis for additional data collection, mapping, and spatial modeling...

U.S. Timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics 1965-1997

Treesearch

James L. Howard

1999-01-01

This report presents statistical information on production, trade, consumption, and prices of forest products in the United States. Although national statistics are dealt with for the most part, some statistics are given for regions, states, and Canada. The tables presented in this report contain information collected from industry trade associations and government...

Petroleum supply monthly, June 1999, with data for April 1999

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

Data presented in the Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM) describe the supply and disposition of petroleum products in the US and major US geographic regions. The data series describe production, imports and exports, inter-Petroleum Administration for Defense (PAD) District movements, and inventories by the primary suppliers of petroleum products in the US (50 States and the District of Columbia). The reporting universe includes those petroleum sectors in primary supply. Included are: petroleum refiners, motor gasoline blenders, operators of natural gas processing plants and fractionators, inter-PAD transporters, importers, and major inventory holders of petroleum products and crude oil. When aggregated, the datamore » reported by these sectors approximately represent the consumption of petroleum products in the US. Data presented in the PSM are divided into two sections: Summary Statistics and Detailed Statistics. The tables and figures in the Summary Statistics section of the PSM present a time series of selected petroleum data on a US level. The Detailed Statistics tables of the PSM present statistics for the most current month available as well as year-to-date. 16 figs., 66 tabs.« less

State transportation statistics 2003

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-12-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) presents a statistical : profile of transportation in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. : This document supplements a previously published series of individual : state profiles. Like the individ...

State Transportation Statistics 2013

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-09-19

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of the U.S. Department of Transportations (USDOT) Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2013, a statistical profile of transportatio...

State Transportation Statistics 2012

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-08-15

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of the U.S. Department of Transportation's (USDOT) Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), presents State Transportation Statistics 2012, a statistical profile of transportation ...

Students' Motivation toward Computer-Based Language Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Genc, Gulten; Aydin, Selami

2011-01-01

The present article examined some factors affecting the motivation level of the preparatory school students in using a web-based computer-assisted language-learning course. The sample group of the study consisted of 126 English-as-a-foreign-language learners at a preparatory school of a state university. After performing statistical analyses…

Australian Vocational Education and Training Statistics 1997 in Detail.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Centre for Vocational Education Research, Leabrook (Australia).

This publication reflects the diversity of the Australian vocational education and training system at client, provider, and program levels. Following an introduction, section 2 presents a summary of data on: Australia by provider type; Australia, 1997 and 1996; states and territories, 1997; and activity in vocational programs. Section 3, arranged…

State transportation statistics 2008

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), a part of the U.S. Department of Transportations : Research and Innovative Technology Administration, presents State Transportation : Statistics 2008, a statistical profi le of transportation in the 5...

Probabilistic models for reactive behaviour in heterogeneous condensed phase media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baer, M. R.; Gartling, D. K.; DesJardin, P. E.

2012-02-01

This work presents statistically-based models to describe reactive behaviour in heterogeneous energetic materials. Mesoscale effects are incorporated in continuum-level reactive flow descriptions using probability density functions (pdfs) that are associated with thermodynamic and mechanical states. A generalised approach is presented that includes multimaterial behaviour by treating the volume fraction as a random kinematic variable. Model simplifications are then sought to reduce the complexity of the description without compromising the statistical approach. Reactive behaviour is first considered for non-deformable media having a random temperature field as an initial state. A pdf transport relationship is derived and an approximate moment approach is incorporated in finite element analysis to model an example application whereby a heated fragment impacts a reactive heterogeneous material which leads to a delayed cook-off event. Modelling is then extended to include deformation effects associated with shock loading of a heterogeneous medium whereby random variables of strain, strain-rate and temperature are considered. A demonstrative mesoscale simulation of a non-ideal explosive is discussed that illustrates the joint statistical nature of the strain and temperature fields during shock loading to motivate the probabilistic approach. This modelling is derived in a Lagrangian framework that can be incorporated in continuum-level shock physics analysis. Future work will consider particle-based methods for a numerical implementation of this modelling approach.

Non-parametric model selection for subject-specific topological organization of resting-state functional connectivity.

PubMed

Ferrarini, Luca; Veer, Ilya M; van Lew, Baldur; Oei, Nicole Y L; van Buchem, Mark A; Reiber, Johan H C; Rombouts, Serge A R B; Milles, J

2011-06-01

In recent years, graph theory has been successfully applied to study functional and anatomical connectivity networks in the human brain. Most of these networks have shown small-world topological characteristics: high efficiency in long distance communication between nodes, combined with highly interconnected local clusters of nodes. Moreover, functional studies performed at high resolutions have presented convincing evidence that resting-state functional connectivity networks exhibits (exponentially truncated) scale-free behavior. Such evidence, however, was mostly presented qualitatively, in terms of linear regressions of the degree distributions on log-log plots. Even when quantitative measures were given, these were usually limited to the r(2) correlation coefficient. However, the r(2) statistic is not an optimal estimator of explained variance, when dealing with (truncated) power-law models. Recent developments in statistics have introduced new non-parametric approaches, based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, for the problem of model selection. In this work, we have built on this idea to statistically tackle the issue of model selection for the degree distribution of functional connectivity at rest. The analysis, performed at voxel level and in a subject-specific fashion, confirmed the superiority of a truncated power-law model, showing high consistency across subjects. Moreover, the most highly connected voxels were found to be consistently part of the default mode network. Our results provide statistically sound support to the evidence previously presented in literature for a truncated power-law model of resting-state functional connectivity. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Petroleum supply monthly, October 1993

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1993-10-26

The Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM) is one of a family of four publications produced by the Petroleum Supply Division within the Energy Information Administration (EIA) reflecting different levels of data timeliness and completeness. The other publications are the Weekly Petroleum Status Report (WPSR), the Winter Fuels Report, and the Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA). Data presented in the PSM describe the supply and disposition of petroleum products in the United States and major US geographic regions. The data series describe production, imports and exports, inter-Petroleum Administration for Defense (PAD) District movements, and inventories by the primary suppliers of petroleum products inmore » the United States (50 States and the District of Columbia). The reporting universe includes those petroleum sectors in primary supply. Included are: petroleum refiners, motor gasoline blenders, operators of natural gas processing plants and fractionators, inter-PAD transporters, importers, and major inventory holders of petroleum products and crude oil. When aggregated, the data reported by these sectors approximately represent the consumption of petroleum products in the United States. Data presented in the PSM are divided into two sections: Summary Statistics and Detailed Statistics.« less

Petroleum supply monthly, January 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

The Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM) is one of a family of four publications produced by the Petroleum Supply Division within the Energy Information Administration (EIA) reflecting different levels of data timeliness and completeness. The other publications are the Weekly Petroleum Status Report (WPSR), the Winter Fuels Report, and the Petroleum Supply Annual (PSA). Data presented in the PSM describe the supply and disposition of petroleum products in the United States and major US geographic regions. The data series describe production, imports and exports, inter-Petroleum Administration for Defense (PAD) District movements, and inventories by the primary suppliers of petroleum products inmore » the United States (50 States and the District of Columbia). The reporting universe includes those petroleum sectors in primary supply. Included are: petroleum refiners, motor gasoline blenders, operators of natural gas processing plants and fractionators, inter-PAD transporters, importers, and major inventory holders of petroleum products and crude oil. When aggregated, the data reported by these sectors approximately represent the consumption of petroleum products in the United States. Data presented in the PSM are divided into two sections: Summary Statistics and Detailed Statistics.« less

Electric power annual 1992

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The Electric Power Annual presents a summary of electric utility statistics at national, regional and State levels. The objective of the publication is to provide industry decisionmakers, government policymakers, analysts and the general public with historical data that may be used in understanding US electricity markets. The Electric Power Annual is prepared by the Survey Management Division; Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels; Energy Information Administration (EIA); US Department of Energy. ``The US Electric Power Industry at a Glance`` section presents a profile of the electric power industry ownership and performance, and a review of key statistics formore » the year. Subsequent sections present data on generating capability, including proposed capability additions; net generation; fossil-fuel statistics; retail sales; revenue; financial statistics; environmental statistics; electric power transactions; demand-side management; and nonutility power producers. In addition, the appendices provide supplemental data on major disturbances and unusual occurrences in US electricity power systems. Each section contains related text and tables and refers the reader to the appropriate publication that contains more detailed data on the subject matter. Monetary values in this publication are expressed in nominal terms.« less

Lagged Associations of Metropolitan Statistical Area- and State-Level Income Inequality with Cognitive Function: The Health and Retirement Study.

PubMed

Kim, Daniel; Griffin, Beth Ann; Kabeto, Mohammed; Escarce, José; Langa, Kenneth M; Shih, Regina A

2016-01-01

Much variation in individual-level cognitive function in late life remains unexplained, with little exploration of area-level/contextual factors to date. Income inequality is a contextual factor that may plausibly influence cognitive function. In a nationally-representative cohort of older Americans from the Health and Retirement Study, we examined state- and metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-level income inequality as predictors of individual-level cognitive function measured by the 27-point Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-m) scale. We modeled latency periods of 8-20 years, and controlled for state-/metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-level and individual-level factors. Higher MSA-level income inequality predicted lower cognitive function 16-18 years later. Using a 16-year lag, living in a MSA in the highest income inequality quartile predicted a 0.9-point lower TICS-m score (β = -0.86; 95% CI = -1.41, -0.31), roughly equivalent to the magnitude associated with five years of aging. We observed no associations for state-level income inequality. The findings were robust to sensitivity analyses using propensity score methods. Among older Americans, MSA-level income inequality appears to influence cognitive function nearly two decades later. Policies reducing income inequality levels within cities may help address the growing burden of declining cognitive function among older populations within the United States.

Lagged Associations of Metropolitan Statistical Area- and State-Level Income Inequality with Cognitive Function: The Health and Retirement Study

PubMed Central

Kim, Daniel; Griffin, Beth Ann; Kabeto, Mohammed; Escarce, José; Langa, Kenneth M.; Shih, Regina A.

2016-01-01

Purpose Much variation in individual-level cognitive function in late life remains unexplained, with little exploration of area-level/contextual factors to date. Income inequality is a contextual factor that may plausibly influence cognitive function. Methods In a nationally-representative cohort of older Americans from the Health and Retirement Study, we examined state- and metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-level income inequality as predictors of individual-level cognitive function measured by the 27-point Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-m) scale. We modeled latency periods of 8–20 years, and controlled for state-/metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-level and individual-level factors. Results Higher MSA-level income inequality predicted lower cognitive function 16–18 years later. Using a 16-year lag, living in a MSA in the highest income inequality quartile predicted a 0.9-point lower TICS-m score (β = -0.86; 95% CI = -1.41, -0.31), roughly equivalent to the magnitude associated with five years of aging. We observed no associations for state-level income inequality. The findings were robust to sensitivity analyses using propensity score methods. Conclusions Among older Americans, MSA-level income inequality appears to influence cognitive function nearly two decades later. Policies reducing income inequality levels within cities may help address the growing burden of declining cognitive function among older populations within the United States. PMID:27332986

The Baby Boomer Generation--Impact on Public Libraries: Theoretical and Practical Evidence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kahlert, Maureen V.

This paper discusses the impact of the Baby Boomer generation on public libraries. The paper has five main objectives: (1) to provide a statistical and demographic profile of the Baby Boomers at the local, state, and national levels within Australia; (2) to provide characteristics of the Baby Boomer generation; (3) to present comparative results…

Mississippi Department of Education 2011 Superintendent's Annual Report, School Year 2009-2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi Department of Education, 2011

2011-01-01

In accordance with the requirements of Section 37-3-11 of the Mississippi Code of 1972, Annotated, this report contains pertinent financial, statistical and other important information at the state and local district levels. The following are presented for the 2009-2010 academic year: (1) Receipts for Public Schools; (2) Expenditures for Public…

Maine KIDS COUNT 2001 Data Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davey, Lynn

This KIDS COUNT data book details statewide trends in the well-being of Maine's children. The statistical portrait is based on a variety of indicators in the areas of: (1) physical and mental health; (2) social and economic opportunity; (3) education and learning; and (4) child health care access. The data book presents state level trend data, a…

School District Revenues for Elementary and Secondary Education: 1997-98. Statistical Analysis Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sherman, Joel D.; Gregory, Barbra; Poirier, Jeffrey M.

This report is an annual collection of school district financial data. Specifically, this report presents analyses of school district revenues from the 1997-98 school year. The report is designed to address the following questions about the financing of public elementary and secondary education at the state and district levels: How much money per…

Section 6 Schools in Six States: Eleven Case Studies of Transfer Issues

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

in Facing Up--21: Statistical Data on Virginia’s Public Schools, published by the State Department of Education , Virginia, June 1987. - 200 - State...Department of Education , Facing Up--23 Statistical Data on Virginia’s Public Schools, April 1989. Although the county has experienced some growth, the...and state level. 2This and the following data are from the Virginia Department of Education , Facing Up--23 Statistical Data on Virginia’s Public

A Statistical Portrait of Women in the United States. Current Population Reports, Special Studies Series P-32, No. 58.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of the Census (DOC), Suitland, MD.

This report presents a statistical portrait of the changing role of women in the United States during the 20th century. Data are from United States Government sources--from surveys, decennial censuses, vital statistics, and administrative records. The majority of the statistics have been published previously, either in government documents or…

Caloric and Selected Nutrient Values for Persons 1-74 Years of Age: First Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 1971-1974. Vital and Health Statistics, Data from the National Health Survey, Series ll, Number 209.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abraham, Sidney; And Others

This report presents data on dietary intake obtained to assess the nutritional status of the United States population, aged 1-74 years. Age, sex, race, and income level differences in dietary intake are among the variables considered. Data are analyzed for certain groups at high risk of malnutrition (e.g., the poor, preschool children, women of…

State transportation profile : summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-12-01

The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) presents a statistical : profile of transportation in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. : This document supplements a previously published series of individual : state profiles. Like the individ...

The Impact of State Legislation and Model Policies on Bullying in Schools.

PubMed

Terry, Amanda

2018-04-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the coverage of state legislation and the expansiveness ratings of state model policies on the state-level prevalence of bullying in schools. The state-level prevalence of bullying in schools was based on cross-sectional data from the 2013 High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Multiple regression was conducted to determine whether the coverage of state legislation and the expansiveness rating of a state model policy affected the state-level prevalence of bullying in schools. The purpose and definition category of components in state legislation and the expansiveness rating of a state model policy were statistically significant predictors of the state-level prevalence of bullying in schools. The other 3 categories of components in state legislation-District Policy Development and Review, District Policy Components, and Additional Components-were not statistically significant predictors in the model. Extensive coverage in the purpose and definition category of components in state legislation and a high expansiveness rating of a state model policy may be important in efforts to reduce bullying in schools. Improving these areas may reduce the state-level prevalence of bullying in schools. © 2018, American School Health Association.

Correlates of electroencephalographic resting states and erythrocyte membrane docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid levels in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis.

PubMed

Lavoie, Suzie; Whitford, Thomas J; Benninger, Franz; Feucht, Martha; Kim, Sung-Wan; Klier, Claudia M; McNamara, Robert K; Rice, Simon; Schäfer, Miriam R; Amminger, G Paul

2016-01-01

Abnormal levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported in individuals suffering from schizophrenia. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between erythrocyte membrane fatty acid levels and resting-state brain activity occurring in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis. The association between erythrocyte membrane fatty acids levels and resting-state brain activity and its value in predicting psychosis was examined in 72 UHR individuals. In the frontal area, the activity in the fast frequency band Beta2 was positively associated with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels (R = 0.321, P = 0.017), and in the fronto-central area, Beta2 activity showed a positive correlation with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels (R = 0.305, P = 0.009), regardless of psychosis transition status. Conversely, the slow frequency band Theta was significantly negatively associated with EPA levels in the parieto-occipital region (R = -0.251, P = 0.033. Results also showed that Alpha power was negatively correlated with DHA levels in UHR individuals who did not transition to psychosis, while this correlation was not present in individuals who later transitioned. Our results suggest that individuals at UHR for psychosis who have higher basal omega-3 fatty acids levels present with resting EEG features associated with better states of alertness and vigilance. Furthermore, the improvement in the Alpha synchrony observed along with increased DHA levels in participants who did not transition to psychosis is disturbed in those who did transition. However, these interesting results are limited by the small sample size and low statistical power of the study. © The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2015.

Forest statistics for Vermont: 1973 and 1983

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk; Anne M. Malley

1985-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest survey of Vermont conducted in 1982-1983 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Statistics for forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output are displayed at the state, unit, and county levels. The current inventory indicates that the state has...

The Tip of the Iceberg: SURR Schools and Academic Failure in New York City. Civic Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kosar, Kevin

This report presents statistical data on academic failure in New York City's Schools Under Registration Review (SURR) schools. The tables and charts focus on: SURR schools in New York state; SURR schools by grade level; academic achievement in new SURR schools; academic performance in all SURR schools; children attending New York City SURR Schools…

78 FR 70303 - Announcement of Requirements and Registration for the Predict the Influenza Season Challenge

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-25

... public. Mathematical and statistical models can be useful in predicting the timing and impact of the... applying any mathematical, statistical, or other approach to predictive modeling. This challenge will... Services (HHS) region level(s) in the United States by developing mathematical and statistical models that...

Improving single-molecule FRET measurements by confining molecules in nanopipettes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vogelsang, J.; Doose, S.; Sauer, M.; Tinnefeld, P.

2007-07-01

In recent years Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) has been widely used to determine distances, observe distance dynamics, and monitor molecular binding at the single-molecule level. A basic constraint of single-molecule FRET studies is the limited distance resolution owing to low photon statistics. We demonstrate that by confining molecules in nanopipettes (50-100 nm diameter) smFRET can be measured with improved photon statistics reducing the width of FRET proximity ratio distributions (PRD). This increase in distance resolution makes it possible to reveal subpopulations and dynamics in biomolecular complexes. Our data indicate that the width of PRD is not only determined by photon statistics (shot noise) and distance distributions between the chromophores but that photoinduced dark states of the acceptor also contribute to the PRD width. Furthermore, acceptor dark states such as triplet states influence the accuracy of determined mean FRET values. In this context, we present a strategy for the correction of the shift of the mean PR that is related to triplet induced blinking of the acceptor using reference FCS measurements.

Three-state combinatorial switch models as applied to the binding of oxygen by human hemoglobin.

PubMed

Straume, M; Johnson, M L

1988-02-23

We have generated a series of all 6561 unique, discrete three-state combinatorial switch models to describe the partitioning of the cooperative oxygen-binding free change among the 10 variously ligated forms of human hemoglobin tetramers. These models were inspired by the experimental observation of Smith and Ackers that the cooperative free energy of the intersubunit contact regions of the 10 possible ligated forms of human hemoglobin tetramers can be represented by a particular distribution of three distinct energy levels [Smith, F. R., & Ackers, G. K. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82, 5347-5351]. A statistical thermodynamic formulation accounting for both dimer-tetramer equilibria and ligand binding properties of hemoglobin solutions as a function of oxygen and protein concentrations was utilized to exhaustively test these thermodynamic models. In this series of models each of the 10 ligated forms of the hemoglobin tetramer can exist in one, and only one, of three possible energy levels; i.e., each ligated form was assumed to be associated with a discrete energy state. This series of models includes all possible ways that the 10 ligation states of hemoglobin can be distributed into three distinct cooperative energy levels. The mathematical models, as presented here, do not permit equilibria between energy states to exist for any of the 10 unique ligated forms of hemoglobin tetramers. These models were analyzed by nonlinear least-squares estimation of the free energy parameters characteristic of this statistical thermodynamic development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Associations between state-level soda taxes and adolescent body mass index.

PubMed

Powell, Lisa M; Chriqui, Jamie; Chaloupka, Frank J

2009-09-01

Soft drink consumption has been linked with higher energy intake, obesity, and poorer health. Fiscal pricing policies such as soda taxes may lower soda consumption and, in turn, reduce weight among U.S. adolescents. This study used multivariate linear regression analyses to examine the associations between state-level grocery store and vending machine soda taxes and adolescent body mass index (BMI). We used repeated cross-sections of individual-level data on adolescents drawn from the Monitoring the Future surveys combined with state-level tax data and local area contextual measures for the years 1997 through 2006. The results showed no statistically significant associations between state-level soda taxes and adolescent BMI. Only a weak economic and statistically significant effect was found between vending machine soda tax rates and BMI among teens at risk for overweight. Current state-level tax rates are not found to be significantly associated with adolescent weight outcomes. It is likely that taxes would need to be raised substantially to detect significant associations between taxes and adolescent weight.

DATA ON YOUTH, 1967, A STATISTICAL DOCUMENT.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SCHEIDER, GEORGE

THE DATA IN THIS REPORT ARE STATISTICS ON YOUTH THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES AND IN NEW YORK STATE. INCLUDED ARE DATA ON POPULATION, SCHOOL STATISTICS, EMPLOYMENT, FAMILY INCOME, JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND YOUTH CRIME (INCLUDING NEW YORK CITY FIGURES), AND TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS. THE STATISTICS ARE PRESENTED IN THE TEXT AND IN TABLES AND CHARTS. (NH)

Laser diagnostics of native cervix dabs with human papilloma virus in high carcinogenic risk

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peresunko, O. P.; Karpenko, Ju. G.; Burkovets, D. N.; Ivashko, P. V.; Nikorych, A. V.; Yermolenko, S. B.; Gruia, Ion; Gruia, M. J.

2015-11-01

The results of experimental studies of coordinate distributions of Mueller matrix elements of the following types of cervical scraping tissue are presented: rate- low-grade - highly differentiated dysplasia (CIN1-CIN3) - adenocarcinoma of high, medium and low levels of differentiation (G1-G3). The rationale for the choice of statistical points 1-4 orders polarized coherent radiation field, transformed as a result of interaction with the oncologic modified biological layers "epithelium-stroma" as a quantitative criterion of polarimetric optical differentiation state of human biological tissues are shown here. The analysis of the obtained Mueller matrix elements and statistical correlation methods, the systematized by types studied tissues is accomplished. The results of research images of Mueller matrix elements m34 for this type of pathology as low-grade dysplasia (CIN2), the results of its statistical and correlation analysis are presented.

Electric power quarterly, April-June 1987

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1987-10-13

The EPQ presents monthly summaries of electric utility statistics at the national, divisional, state, company, and plant levels on the following subjects: quantity of fuel, cost of fuel, quality of fuel, net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks. In addition, the EPQ presents a quarterly summary of reported major disturbances and unusual occurrences. These data are collected on the Form IE-417R. Every electric utility engaged in the generation, transmission, or distribution of electric energy must file a report with DOE if it experiences a major power system emergency.

Electric power quarterly, July-September 1987

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1988-01-22

The EPQ presents monthly summaries of electric utility statistics at the national, divisional, state, company, and plant levels on the following subjects: quantity of fuel, cost of fuel, quality of fuel, net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks. In addition, the EPQ presents a quarterly summary of reported major disturbances and unusual occurrences. These data are collected on the Form IE-417R. Every electric utility engaged in the generation, transmission, or distribution of electric energy must file a report with DOE if it experiences a major power system emergency.

46 CFR 555.4 - Petitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., business or operation; (3) The name and address of each United States carrier alleged to be adversely... to petitioner: (i) Statistical data documenting present or prospective cargo loss by United States... on that basis, and the sources of the statistical data; (ii) Statistical data or other information...

Influence of graded exercise therapy on anxiety levels and health-related quality of life in chronic fatigue syndrome.

PubMed

Klasnja, A; Grujic, N; Popadic Gacesa, J; Barak, O; Tomic, S; Brkic, S

2014-04-01

The purpose of the present study was twofold: 1) to determine to what extent graded exercise therapy (GET) improves health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and anxiety levels in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS); and 2) to correlate scores of HRQOL and anxiety levels in CFS patients. Anxiety and HRQOL were assessed in 26 CFS patients before and after 12 weeks of GET. Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire (STAI) and HRQOL using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form questionnaire (SF-36). GET significantly decreased trait anxiety (STAI-T) levels in patients with CFS. Patients' scores on SF-36 following GET showed higher levels of functioning, but only the "vitality" subscale scores showed a statistically significant difference. A negative correlation was present between all eight subscales of SF-36 and anxiety levels. The strongest negative correlation for both state and trait anxiety scores (STAI-S and STAI-T) was found with the scores on the "Limitations due to emotional problems" subscale of SF-36 (r=-0.69 and r=-0.55, respectively), while the weakest negative correlation was with the "Physical functioning" subscale scores (r=-0.30 and r=-0.31, respectively). Graded exercise therapy has a positive effect on both physical and psychological state of CFS patients. GET can decrease anxiety and improve quality of life of CFS patients. CFS patients with higher state and trait anxiety levels have lower quality of life, and vice versa.

NRC TLD Direct Radiation Monitoring Network. Progress report, October--December 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Struckmeyer, R.

This report presents the results of the NRC Direct Radiation Monitoring Network for the fourth quarter of 1996. It provides the ambient radiation levels measured in the vicinity of 74 sites throughout the United States. In addition, it describes the equipment used, monitoring station selection criteria, characterization of the dosimeter response, calibration procedures, statistical methods, intercomparison, and quality assurance program. 3 figs., 4 tabs.

Book Trade Research and Statistics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bosch, Stephen; Ink, Gary; Greco, Albert N.

1999-01-01

Presents: "Prices of United States and Foreign Published Materials"; "Book Title Output and Average Prices"; "Book Sales Statistics, 1998"; "United States Book Exports and Imports: 1998"; "International Book Title Output: 1990-96"; "Number of Book Outlets in the United States and Canada";…

Study of helium emissions from active solar regions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kulander, J. L.

1973-01-01

A theoretical study is made of the visible and UV line radiation of He I atoms and He II ions from a plane-parallel model flare layer. Codes were developed for the solution of the statistically steady state equation for a 30 level He I - II - III model, and the line and continuum transport equations. These codes are described and documented in the report along with sample solutions. Optical depths and some line intensities are presented for a 1000 km thick layer. Solutions of the steady state equations are presented for electron temperatures 10,000 to 50,000 K and electron densities 10 to the 10th power to 10 to the 14th power/cu cm.

A Critique of Divorce Statistics and Their Interpretation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crosby, John F.

1980-01-01

Increasingly, appeals to the divorce statistic are employed to substantiate claims that the family is in a state of breakdown and marriage is passe. This article contains a consideration of reasons why the divorce statistics are invalid and/or unreliable as indicators of the present state of marriage and family. (Author)

Ionization-potential depression and other dense plasma statistical property studies - Application to spectroscopic diagnostics.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Calisti, Annette; Ferri, Sandrine; Mossé, Caroline; Talin, Bernard

2017-02-01

The radiative properties of an emitter surrounded by a plasma, are modified through various mechanisms. For instance the line shapes emitted by bound-bound transitions are broadened and carry useful information for plasma diagnostics. Depending on plasma conditions the electrons occupying the upper quantum levels of radiators no longer exist as they belong to the plasma free electron population. All the charges present in the radiator environment contribute to the lowering of the energy required to free an electron in the fundamental state. This mechanism is known as ionization potential depression (IPD). The knowledge of IPD is useful as it affects both the radiative properties of the various ionic states and their populations. Its evaluation deals with highly complex n-body coupled systems, involving particles with different dynamics and attractive ion-electron forces. A classical molecular dynamics (MD) code, the BinGo-TCP code, has been recently developed to simulate neutral multi-component (various charge state ions and electrons) plasma accounting for all the charge correlations. In the present work, results on IPD and other dense plasma statistical properties obtained using the BinGo-TCP code are presented. The study focuses on aluminum plasmas for different densities and several temperatures in order to explore different plasma coupling conditions.

Atomic Bose-Hubbard Systems with Single-Particle Control

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preiss, Philipp Moritz

Experiments with ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide outstanding opportunities to realize exotic quantum states due to a high degree of tunability and control. In this thesis, I present experiments that extend this control from global parameters to the level of individual particles. Using a quantum gas microscope for 87Rb, we have developed a single-site addressing scheme based on digital amplitude holograms. The system self-corrects for aberrations in the imaging setup and creates arbitrary beam profiles. We are thus able to shape optical potentials on the scale of single lattice sites and control the dynamics of individual atoms. We study the role of quantum statistics and interactions in the Bose-Hubbard model on the fundamental level of two particles. Bosonic quantum statistics are apparent in the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of massive particles, which we observe in tailored double-well potentials. These underlying statistics, in combination with tunable repulsive interactions, dominate the dynamics in single- and two-particle quantum walks. We observe highly coherent position-space Bloch oscillations, bosonic bunching in Hanbury Brown-Twiss interference and the fermionization of strongly interacting bosons. Many-body states of indistinguishable quantum particles are characterized by large-scale spatial entanglement, which is difficult to detect in itinerant systems. Here, we extend the concept of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference from individual particles to many-body states to directly quantify entanglement entropy. We perform collective measurements on two copies of a quantum state and detect entanglement entropy through many-body interference. We measure the second order Renyi entropy in small Bose-Hubbard systems and detect the buildup of spatial entanglement across the superfluid-insulator transition. Our experiments open new opportunities for the single-particle-resolved preparation and characterization of many-body quantum states.

Statistical Mechanics of Disordered Systems - Series: Cambridge Series in Statistical and Probabilistic Mathematics (No. 18)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bovier, Anton

2006-06-01

Our mathematical understanding of the statistical mechanics of disordered systems is going through a period of stunning progress. This self-contained book is a graduate-level introduction for mathematicians and for physicists interested in the mathematical foundations of the field, and can be used as a textbook for a two-semester course on mathematical statistical mechanics. It assumes only basic knowledge of classical physics and, on the mathematics side, a good working knowledge of graduate-level probability theory. The book starts with a concise introduction to statistical mechanics, proceeds to disordered lattice spin systems, and concludes with a presentation of the latest developments in the mathematical understanding of mean-field spin glass models. In particular, recent progress towards a rigorous understanding of the replica symmetry-breaking solutions of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass models, due to Guerra, Aizenman-Sims-Starr and Talagrand, is reviewed in some detail. Comprehensive introduction to an active and fascinating area of research Clear exposition that builds to the state of the art in the mathematics of spin glasses Written by a well-known and active researcher in the field

Nevada's Children, 1996. Selected Educational and Social Statistics--Nevada and National.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horner, Mary P., Comp.

This report presents selected 1996 educational and social statistics that provide information about the status of children in Nevada. State statistics are in some cases compared to national statistics. The first part presents facts about education in Nevada with regard to student characteristics, enrollment, racial and ethnic populations, high…

National Estimates of Gross Employment and Job Flows from the Quarterly Workforce Indicators with Demographic and Industry Detail

PubMed Central

Abowd, John M.; Vilhuber, Lars

2010-01-01

The Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) are local labor market data produced and released every quarter by the United States Census Bureau. Unlike any other local labor market series produced in the U.S. or the rest of the world, QWI measure employment flows for workers (accession and separations), jobs (creations and destructions) and earnings for demographic subgroups (age and gender), economic industry (NAICS industry groups), detailed geography (block (experimental), county, Core-Based Statistical Area, and Workforce Investment Area), and ownership (private, all) with fully interacted publication tables. The current QWI data cover 47 states, about 98% of the private workforce in those states, and about 92% of all private employment in the entire economy. State participation is sufficiently extensive to permit us to present the first national estimates constructed from these data. We focus on worker, job, and excess (churning) reallocation rates, rather than on levels of the basic variables. This permits comparison to existing series from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and the Business Employment Dynamics Series from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The national estimates from the QWI are an important enhancement to existing series because they include demographic and industry detail for both worker and job flow data compiled from underlying micro-data that have been integrated at the job and establishment levels by the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Program at the Census Bureau. The estimates presented herein were compiled exclusively from public-use data series and are available for download. PMID:21516213

NRC TLD Direct Radiation Monitoring Network. Volume 15, No. 4: Quarterly progress report, October--December 1995

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Struckmeyer, R.

This report presents the results of the NRC Direct Radiation Monitoring Network for the fourth quarter of 1995. It provides the ambient radiation levels measured in the vicinity of 75 sites throughout the United States. In addition, it describes the equipment used, monitoring station selection criteria, characterization of the dosimeter response, calibration procedures, statistical methods, intercomparison, and quality assurance program.

Effect of music therapy on the anxiety levels and pregnancy rate of women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Aba, Yilda Arzu; Avci, Dilek; Guzel, Yilmaz; Ozcelik, Semanur Kumral; Gurtekin, Basak

2017-08-01

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of music therapy on the anxiety levels and pregnancy rates of women who underwent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted with 186 infertile women who presented to the In Vitro Fertilization Unit at the American Hospital in Turkey between April 2015 and April 2016. The infertile women who met the inclusion criteria were assigned to the music therapy group or the standard therapy group through block randomization. The study data were collected using the Personal Information Form, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Early treatment success was determined by serum beta human chorionic gonadotrophin levels seven or ten days after the luteal day zero. For the analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent sample t-test were used. After the embryo transfer, the mean state anxiety scores decreased in both groups, and the mean trait anxiety score decreased in the music therapy group; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Clinical pregnancy rates did not differ between the music (48.3%) and standard (46.4%) therapy groups. After the two sessions of music therapy, state and trait anxiety levels decreased and pregnancy rates increased, but the difference was not significant. Therefore, larger sample sizes and more sessions are needed to evaluate whether music therapy has an effect on clinical outcomes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Trends in Fertility in the United States. Vital and Health Statistics, Data from the National Vital Statistics System. Series 21, Number 28.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taffel, Selma

This report presents and interprets birth statistics for the United States with particular emphasis on changes that took place during the period 1970-73. Data for the report were based on information entered on birth certificates collected from all states. The majority of the document comprises graphs and tables of data, but there are four short…

U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965-2013

Treesearch

James L. Howard; Kwameka C. Jones

2016-01-01

This report presents annual data but is published every 2 years. The data present current and historical information on production, trade, consumption, and prices of timber products in the United States. The report focuses on national statistics but includes some data for individual states and regions and for Canada. The data were collected from industry trade...

Forest statistics of western Kentucky

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1950-01-01

This Survey Release presents the more significant preliminary statistics on the forest area and timber volume for the western region of Kentucky. Similar reports for the remainder of the state will be published as soon as statistical tabulations are completed. Later, an analytical report for the state will be published which will interpret forest area, timber volume,...

Emotional Processes in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgeries with Extracorporeal Circulation in View of Selected Indicators of the Inflammatory Condition

PubMed Central

Płotek, Włodzimierz; Pielok, Joanna; Cybulski, Marcin; Samborska, Regina

2015-01-01

Background The aim of this study was to describe positive and negative emotions in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeries with extracorporeal circulation and the correlations between emotions and basic indicators of the inflammatory condition: C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, body temperature, and leukocyte count. Material/Methods Standardized tools were used to select 52 patients (aged 47–63 years, 6 women – 11.5% and 46 men – 88.5%) without dementia or depression. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) was used to examine positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI X1 and X2) was used to examine the anxiety level. The patients underwent CABG surgery according to a common anesthesia protocol and for 5 consecutive days they were observed in the ward, where selected indicators of the inflammatory condition were monitored. Results A detailed description of the results of examinations of emotions was presented. The patients with low PA-trait level, high NA-trait level, and high anxiety-trait level (STAI X2) exhibited statistically significantly higher body temperatures than the other patients in the postoperative period. The patients with high NA-trait and anxiety-state levels (STAI X1) had statistically significantly lower CRP levels in the postoperative period than the patients with low NA-trait and anxiety-state levels (STAI X1). Conclusions Patients undergoing CABG operations express both positive and negative affects. The changes in the inflammatory markers are expressed mostly by CRP concentration. There exist relationships between the result of tests assessing emotions and the markers of the inflammatory condition. PMID:25573296

Self-consistent mean-field approach to the statistical level density in spherical nuclei

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolomietz, V. M.; Sanzhur, A. I.; Shlomo, S.

2018-06-01

A self-consistent mean-field approach within the extended Thomas-Fermi approximation with Skyrme forces is applied to the calculations of the statistical level density in spherical nuclei. Landau's concept of quasiparticles with the nucleon effective mass and the correct description of the continuum states for the finite-depth potentials are taken into consideration. The A dependence and the temperature dependence of the statistical inverse level-density parameter K is obtained in a good agreement with experimental data.

Drug Use and Crime. Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Innes, Christopher A.

In 1974, 1979, and 1986, the Bureau of Justice Statistics sponsored surveys of nationally representative samples of inmates of state correctional facilities. Results from the 1986 Survey of Inmates of State Correctional Facilities which included 13,711 inmates, indicated that inmates reported high levels of drug use prior to the commission of the…

Do State-Based Policies Have an Impact on Teen Birth Rates and Teen Abortion Rates in the United States?

PubMed

Chevrette, Marianne; Abenhaim, Haim Arie

2015-10-01

The United States has one of the highest teen birth rates among developed countries. Interstate birth rates and abortion rates vary widely, as do policies on abortion and sex education. The objective of our study is to assess whether US state-level policies regarding abortion and sexual education are associated with different teen birth and teen abortion rates. We carried out a state-level (N = 51 [50 states plus the District of Columbia]) retrospective observational cross-sectional study, using data imported from the National Vital Statistics System. State policies were obtained from the Guttmacher Institute. We used descriptive statistics and regression analysis to study the association of different state policies with teen birth and teen abortion rates. The state-level mean birth rates, when stratifying between policies protective and nonprotective of teen births, were not statistically different-for sex education policies, 39.8 of 1000 vs 45.1 of 1000 (P = .2187); for mandatory parents' consent to abortion 45 of 1000, vs 38 of 1000 when the minor could consent (P = .0721); and for deterrents to abortion, 45.4 of 1000 vs 37.4 of 1000 (P = .0448). Political affiliation (35.1 of 1000 vs 49.6 of 1000, P < .0001) and ethnic distribution of the population were the only variables associated with a difference between mean teen births. Lower teen abortion rates were, however, associated with restrictive abortion policies, specifically lower in states with financial barriers, deterrents to abortion, and requirement for parental consent. While teen birth rates do not appear to be influenced by state-level sex education policies, state-level policies that restrict abortion appear to be associated with lower state teen abortion rates. Copyright © 2015 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales

EIA Publications

2016-01-01

Provides information, illustrations and state-level statistical data on end-use sales of kerosene; No.1, No. 2, and No. 4 distillate fuel oil; and residual fuel oil. State-level kerosene sales include volumes for residential, commercial, industrial, farm, and all other uses. State-level distillate sales include volumes for residential, commercial, industrial, oil company, railroad, vessel bunkering, military, electric utility, farm, on-highway, off-highway construction, and other uses. State-level residual fuel sales include volumes for commercial, industrial, oil company, vessel bunkering, military, electric utility, and other uses.

Electric power quarterly, October-December 1987

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1988-04-19

The EPQ presents monthly summaries of electric utility statistics at the national, divisional, state, company, and plant levels on the following subjects: quantity of fuel, cost of fuel, quality of fuel, net generation, fuel consumption, and fuel stocks. In addition, the EPQ presents a quarterly summary of reported major disturbances and unusual occurrences. These data are collected on the Form IE-417R. Every electric utility engaged in the generation, transmission, or distribution of electric energy must file a report with DOE if it experiences a major power system emergency.

New statistical potential for quality assessment of protein models and a survey of energy functions

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Scoring functions, such as molecular mechanic forcefields and statistical potentials are fundamentally important tools in protein structure modeling and quality assessment. Results The performances of a number of publicly available scoring functions are compared with a statistical rigor, with an emphasis on knowledge-based potentials. We explored the effect on accuracy of alternative choices for representing interaction center types and other features of scoring functions, such as using information on solvent accessibility, on torsion angles, accounting for secondary structure preferences and side chain orientation. Partially based on the observations made, we present a novel residue based statistical potential, which employs a shuffled reference state definition and takes into account the mutual orientation of residue side chains. Atom- and residue-level statistical potentials and Linux executables to calculate the energy of a given protein proposed in this work can be downloaded from http://www.fiserlab.org/potentials. Conclusions Among the most influential terms we observed a critical role of a proper reference state definition and the benefits of including information about the microenvironment of interaction centers. Molecular mechanical potentials were also tested and found to be over-sensitive to small local imperfections in a structure, requiring unfeasible long energy relaxation before energy scores started to correlate with model quality. PMID:20226048

U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics 1965 to 2005

Treesearch

James L. Howard

2007-01-01

This report presents annual data but is published every 2 years. The data present current and historical information on the production, trade, consumption, and prices of timber products in the United States. The report focuses on national statistics, but includes some data for individual States and regions and for Canada. The data were collected from industry trade...

U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption and Price Statistics 1965-2011

Treesearch

James L. Howard; Rebecca M. Westby

2013-01-01

This report presents annual data but is published every 2 years. The data present current and historical information on the production, trade, consumption, and prices of timber products in the United States. The report focuses on national statistics, but includes some data for individual states and regions and for Canada. The data were collected from industry trade...

Knowing the Score. A National Review of the State and Territory Training Authority Statistical Systems. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Centre for Vocational Education Research, Leabrook (Australia).

This report presents results of a project to produce a set of strategies to ensure the compatibility of Australian state and territory information systems with the requirements of the National Management Information and Statistics System (NATMISS) and the Australian Vocational Education and Training Management Information Statistical Standard…

Multi-level methods and approximating distribution functions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilson, D., E-mail: daniel.wilson@dtc.ox.ac.uk; Baker, R. E.

2016-07-15

Biochemical reaction networks are often modelled using discrete-state, continuous-time Markov chains. System statistics of these Markov chains usually cannot be calculated analytically and therefore estimates must be generated via simulation techniques. There is a well documented class of simulation techniques known as exact stochastic simulation algorithms, an example of which is Gillespie’s direct method. These algorithms often come with high computational costs, therefore approximate stochastic simulation algorithms such as the tau-leap method are used. However, in order to minimise the bias in the estimates generated using them, a relatively small value of tau is needed, rendering the computational costs comparablemore » to Gillespie’s direct method. The multi-level Monte Carlo method (Anderson and Higham, Multiscale Model. Simul. 10:146–179, 2012) provides a reduction in computational costs whilst minimising or even eliminating the bias in the estimates of system statistics. This is achieved by first crudely approximating required statistics with many sample paths of low accuracy. Then correction terms are added until a required level of accuracy is reached. Recent literature has primarily focussed on implementing the multi-level method efficiently to estimate a single system statistic. However, it is clearly also of interest to be able to approximate entire probability distributions of species counts. We present two novel methods that combine known techniques for distribution reconstruction with the multi-level method. We demonstrate the potential of our methods using a number of examples.« less

Statistically-Estimated Tree Composition for the Northeastern United States at Euro-American Settlement.

PubMed

Paciorek, Christopher J; Goring, Simon J; Thurman, Andrew L; Cogbill, Charles V; Williams, John W; Mladenoff, David J; Peters, Jody A; Zhu, Jun; McLachlan, Jason S

2016-01-01

We present a gridded 8 km-resolution data product of the estimated composition of tree taxa at the time of Euro-American settlement of the northeastern United States and the statistical methodology used to produce the product from trees recorded by land surveyors. Composition is defined as the proportion of stems larger than approximately 20 cm diameter at breast height for 22 tree taxa, generally at the genus level. The data come from settlement-era public survey records that are transcribed and then aggregated spatially, giving count data. The domain is divided into two regions, eastern (Maine to Ohio) and midwestern (Indiana to Minnesota). Public Land Survey point data in the midwestern region (ca. 0.8-km resolution) are aggregated to a regular 8 km grid, while data in the eastern region, from Town Proprietor Surveys, are aggregated at the township level in irregularly-shaped local administrative units. The product is based on a Bayesian statistical model fit to the count data that estimates composition on the 8 km grid across the entire domain. The statistical model is designed to handle data from both the regular grid and the irregularly-shaped townships and allows us to estimate composition at locations with no data and to smooth over noise caused by limited counts in locations with data. Critically, the model also allows us to quantify uncertainty in our composition estimates, making the product suitable for applications employing data assimilation. We expect this data product to be useful for understanding the state of vegetation in the northeastern United States prior to large-scale Euro-American settlement. In addition to specific regional questions, the data product can also serve as a baseline against which to investigate how forests and ecosystems change after intensive settlement. The data product is being made available at the NIS data portal as version 1.0.

A Simplified Algorithm for Statistical Investigation of Damage Spreading

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gecow, Andrzej

2009-04-01

On the way to simulating adaptive evolution of complex system describing a living object or human developed project, a fitness should be defined on node states or network external outputs. Feedbacks lead to circular attractors of these states or outputs which make it difficult to define a fitness. The main statistical effects of adaptive condition are the result of small change tendency and to appear, they only need a statistically correct size of damage initiated by evolutionary change of system. This observation allows to cut loops of feedbacks and in effect to obtain a particular statistically correct state instead of a long circular attractor which in the quenched model is expected for chaotic network with feedback. Defining fitness on such states is simple. We calculate only damaged nodes and only once. Such an algorithm is optimal for investigation of damage spreading i.e. statistical connections of structural parameters of initial change with the size of effected damage. It is a reversed-annealed method—function and states (signals) may be randomly substituted but connections are important and are preserved. The small damages important for adaptive evolution are correctly depicted in comparison to Derrida annealed approximation which expects equilibrium levels for large networks. The algorithm indicates these levels correctly. The relevant program in Pascal, which executes the algorithm for a wide range of parameters, can be obtained from the author.

Changing patterns of the long-term activity of the intermediate polar V1223 Sgr

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Šimon, Vojtěch

2014-11-01

High and low states represent a large variety of features in the optical activity of some types of cataclysmic variables. Here, we examine them in the intermediate polar V1223 Sgr. We use the photographic observations from the Bamberg Observatory and from Garnavich and Szkody, and the CCD ASAS-3 and NSVS data. One plate or CCD image was usually obtained per night. These data span 78 years. We use the histograms of brightness to set the separation between the high and low states in V1223 Sgr at the level of 13.9 mag(B). The profile of this statistical distribution is dominated by a broad bump with the peak-to-peak amplitude of more than 1 mag(B). This is the result of co-adding various episodes of the high states, sometimes with the brightness varying on a timescale of months even during a single episode. The high state is not any uniquely defined level of brightness. Groups of the low states represent tails from such bumps rather than forming specific levels of brightness. The fuzzy boundaries of the bright side of the statistical distributions of brightness show that the system cannot find equilibrium of the mass transfer even in the high state. We show that V1223 Sgr underwent a large change of its high/low state activity; we ascribe it to the changes of the stellar activity of the donor. The episodes of the low states with mutually similar depth and profile were observed to recur with a cycle of 1092 days in the data mapping the years from 1999 to 2009; this behavior was discordant with the typical recurrence times present before. In our scenario, this cycle is driven by the changing aspect of some structure (e.g. a sequence of star spots migrating across the L1 point) on the donor. Because of the differential rotation of the donor, this configuration cyclically influences the mass flow to the accretion disk.

Andreev bound states in a semiconducting nanowire Josephson junction, Part II: Quantum jumps and Fermion parity switching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hays, M.; de Lange, G.; Serniak, K.; van Woerkom, D. J.; Väyrynen, J. I.; van Heck, B.; Vool, U.; Krogstrup, P.; Nygård, J.; Frunzio, L.; Geresdi, A.; Glazman, L. I.; Devoret, M. H.

Proximitized semiconducting nanowires subject to magnetic field should display topological superconductivity and support Majorana zero modes which have non-Abelian braiding statistics. The conventional Andreev levels formed in such wires in the absence of field are a precursor to these exotic zero modes. The fermion-parity switching time of Andreev levels sets a lower bound on the bandwidth required for experiments aimed at harnessing non-Abelian braiding statistics. We demonstrate the observation of quantum jumps between even and odd-parity states of an individual Andreev bound state in a non-topological junction, providing a direct measurement of the state populations and the parity lifetime. Work supported by: ARO, ONR, AFOSR, EU Marie Curie and YINQE.

Statistics of Private High Schools and Academies, 1919-20. Bulletin, 1922, No. 9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bonner, H. R.

1922-01-01

The included tables present the statistics of 2,093 private high schools and academies in the continental United States and of 4 such schools in Hawaii and Puerto Rico. Throughout the summary tables the totals for the United States do not include the statistics of these 4 schools in the outlying possessions. No reports from private high schools…

Descriptive statistics: the specification of statistical measures and their presentation in tables and graphs. Part 7 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications.

PubMed

Spriestersbach, Albert; Röhrig, Bernd; du Prel, Jean-Baptist; Gerhold-Ay, Aslihan; Blettner, Maria

2009-09-01

Descriptive statistics are an essential part of biometric analysis and a prerequisite for the understanding of further statistical evaluations, including the drawing of inferences. When data are well presented, it is usually obvious whether the author has collected and evaluated them correctly and in keeping with accepted practice in the field. Statistical variables in medicine may be of either the metric (continuous, quantitative) or categorical (nominal, ordinal) type. Easily understandable examples are given. Basic techniques for the statistical description of collected data are presented and illustrated with examples. The goal of a scientific study must always be clearly defined. The definition of the target value or clinical endpoint determines the level of measurement of the variables in question. Nearly all variables, whatever their level of measurement, can be usefully presented graphically and numerically. The level of measurement determines what types of diagrams and statistical values are appropriate. There are also different ways of presenting combinations of two independent variables graphically and numerically. The description of collected data is indispensable. If the data are of good quality, valid and important conclusions can already be drawn when they are properly described. Furthermore, data description provides a basis for inferential statistics.

Facts about Newspapers '85: A Statistical Summary of the Newspaper Business.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Newspaper Publishers Association, Washington, DC.

A statistical summary of the newspaper industry for 1984 and previous years is presented in this brochure. Focusing primarily on the United States newspaper industry, the brochure also contains some information on Canadian newspapers. The brochure presents statistics in the following categories: (1) number of daily newspapers, (2) daily newspaper…

Classification of the European Union member states according to the relative level of sustainable development.

PubMed

Anna, Bluszcz

Nowadays methods of measurement and assessment of the level of sustained development at the international, national and regional level are a current research problem, which requires multi-dimensional analysis. The relative assessment of the sustainability level of the European Union member states and the comparative analysis of the position of Poland relative to other countries was the aim of the conducted studies in the article. EU member states were treated as objects in the multi-dimensional space. Dimensions of space were specified by ten diagnostic variables describing the sustainability level of UE countries in three dimensions, i.e., social, economic and environmental. Because the compiled statistical data were expressed in different units of measure, taxonomic methods were used for building an aggregated measure to assess the level of sustainable development of EU member states, which through normalisation of variables enabled the comparative analysis between countries. Methodology of studies consisted of eight stages, which included, among others: defining data matrices, calculating the variability coefficient for all variables, which variability coefficient was under 10 %, division of variables into stimulants and destimulants, selection of the method of variable normalisation, developing matrices of normalised data, selection of the formula and calculating the aggregated indicator of the relative level of sustainable development of the EU countries, calculating partial development indicators for three studies dimensions: social, economic and environmental and the classification of the EU countries according to the relative level of sustainable development. Statistical date were collected based on the Polish Central Statistical Office publication.

Forest resources of Illinois

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1949-01-01

This Survey Release presents the more significant statistics on forest area and timber volume for the state of Illinois and for each of the three regions into which the state has been divided. Later an analytical report for the state will be published which will interpret forest area, timber volume, growth, and drain statistics in the light of existing and anticipated...

78 FR 255 - Resumption of the Population Estimates Challenge Program

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-03

... governmental unit. In those instances where a non-functioning county-level government or statistical equivalent...) A non-functioning county or statistical equivalent means a sub- state entity that does not function... represents a non-functioning county or statistical equivalent, the governor will serve as the chief executive...

North American Library Education; Directory and Statistics 1971-1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weintraub, D. Kathryn, Ed.; Reed, Sarah R., Ed.

Five separate articles summarize library education at the graduate, undergraduate, and technical assistant levels in the United States and library education in Canada and other parts of North America. Statistical tables are included within the explanatory essays. Over 30 pages of statistical tables give information on specific institutions. The…

Dissociation kinetics of metal clusters on multiple electronic states including electronic level statistics into the vibronic soup

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shvartsburg, Alexandre A.; Siu, K. W. Michael

2001-06-01

Modeling the delayed dissociation of clusters had been over the last decade a frontline development area in chemical physics. It is of fundamental interest how statistical kinetics methods previously validated for regular molecules and atomic nuclei may apply to clusters, as this would help to understand the transferability of statistical models for disintegration of complex systems across various classes of physical objects. From a practical perspective, accurate simulation of unimolecular decomposition is critical for the extraction of true thermochemical values from measurements on the decay of energized clusters. Metal clusters are particularly challenging because of the multitude of low-lying electronic states that are coupled to vibrations. This has previously been accounted for assuming the average electronic structure of a conducting cluster approximated by the levels of electron in a cavity. While this provides a reasonable time-averaged description, it ignores the distribution of instantaneous electronic structures in a "boiling" cluster around that average. Here we set up a new treatment that incorporates the statistical distribution of electronic levels around the average picture using random matrix theory. This approach faithfully reflects the completely chaotic "vibronic soup" nature of hot metal clusters. We found that the consideration of electronic level statistics significantly promotes electronic excitation and thus increases the magnitude of its effect. As this excitation always depresses the decay rates, the inclusion of level statistics results in slower dissociation of metal clusters.

On the Importance of Age-Adjustment Methods in Ecological Studies of Social Determinants of Mortality

PubMed Central

Milyo, Jeffrey; Mellor, Jennifer M

2003-01-01

Objective To illustrate the potential sensitivity of ecological associations between mortality and certain socioeconomic factors to different methods of age-adjustment. Data Sources Secondary analysis employing state-level data from several publicly available sources. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates for 1990 are obtained from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The Gini coefficient for family income and percent of persons below the federal poverty line are from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Putnam's (2000) Social Capital Index was downloaded from ; the Social Mistrust Index was calculated from responses to the General Social Survey, following the method described in Kawachi et al. (1997). All other covariates are obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Study Design We use least squares regression to estimate the effect of several state-level socioeconomic factors on mortality rates. We examine whether these statistical associations are sensitive to the use of alternative methods of accounting for the different age composition of state populations. Following several previous studies, we present results for the case when only mortality rates are age-adjusted. We contrast these results with those obtained from regressions of crude mortality on age variables. Principal Findings Different age-adjustment methods can cause a change in the sign or statistical significance of the association between mortality and various socioeconomic factors. When age variables are included as regressors, we find no significant association between mortality and either income inequality, minority racial concentration, or social capital. Conclusions Ecological associations between certain socioeconomic factors and mortality may be extremely sensitive to different age-adjustment methods. PMID:14727797

Statistical gamma-ray decay studies at iThemba LABS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wiedeking, M.; Bernstein, L. A.; Bleuel, D. L.; Brits, C. P.; Sowazi, K.; Görgen, A.; Goldblum, B. L.; Guttormsen, M.; Kheswa, B. V.; Larsen, A. C.; Majola, S. N. T.; Malatji, K. L.; Negi, D.; Nogwanya, T.; Siem, S.; Zikhali, B. R.

2017-09-01

A program to study the γ-ray decay from the region of high-level density has been established at iThemba LABS, where a high-resolution gamma-ray detector array is used in conjunction with silicon particle-telescopes. Results from two recent projects are presented: 1) The 74Ge(α,α'γ) reaction was used to investigate the Pygmy Dipole Resonance. The results were compared to (γ,γ') data and indicate that the dipole states split into mixed isospin and relatively pure isovector excitations. 2) Data from the 95Mo(d,p) reaction were used to develop a novel method for the determination of spins for low-lying discrete levels utilizing statistical γ-ray decay in the vicinity of the neutron separation energy. These results provide insight into the competition of (γ,n) and (γ,γ') reactions and highlights the need to correct for angular momentum barrier effects.

Northeast regional and state trends in anuran occupancy from calling survey data (2001-2011) from the North American Amphibian Monitoring Program

USGS Publications Warehouse

Weir, Linda A.; Royle, Andy; Gazenski, Kimberly D.; Villena Carpio, Oswaldo

2014-01-01

We present the first regional trends in anuran occupancy from North American Amphibian Monitoring Program (NAAMP) data from 11 northeastern states using an 11 years of data. NAAMP is a long-term monitoring program where observers collect data at assigned random roadside routes using a calling survey technique. We assessed occupancy trends for 17 species. Eight species had statistically significant regional trends, of these seven were negative (Anaxyrus fowleri, Acris crepitans, Pseudacris brachyphona, Pseudacris feriarum-kalmi complex, Lithobates palustris, Lithobates pipiens, and Lithobates sphenocephalus) and one was positive (Hyla versicolor-chrysoscelis complex). We also assessed state level trends for 101 species/state combinations, of these 29 showed a significant decline and nine showed a significant increase in occupancy.

Metro U.S.A. Data Sheet: Population Estimates and Selected Demographic Indicators for the Metropolitan Areas of the United States. Special edition of the United States Population Data Sheet.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Population Reference Bureau, Inc., Washington, DC.

This poster-size data sheet presents population estimates and selected demographic indicators for the nation's 281 metropolitan areas. These areas are divided into 261 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and 20 Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSAs), reporting units which replace the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs)…

State and Local Expenditures on Corrections and Education. A Brief from the U.S. Department of Education, Policy and Program Studies Service

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stullich, Stephanie; Morgan, Ivy; Schak, Oliver

2016-01-01

This policy brief examines state-by-state trends to compare the extent to which state and local governments are investing in education and in corrections. More specifically, this brief uses extant data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Census Bureau, and other sources to present a snapshot of the…

Towards a full representation of tropical cyclones in a global reanalysis of extreme sea levels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muis, S.; Verlaan, M.; Lin, N.; Winsemius, H.; Vatvani, D.; Ward, P.; Aerts, J.

2016-12-01

Tropical cyclones (TCs), including hurricanes and typhoons, are characterised by high wind speeds and low pressure, and cause dangerous storm surges in coastal areas. Recent disasters like the flooding of New Orleans in 2005 due to Hurricane Katrina and of New York in 2012 due to Hurricane Sandy exemplify the significant TC risk in the United States. In this contribution, we present a new framework to model TC storm surges and probabilities at the Atlantic basin- and, ultimately, global scales. This works builds on the work of Muis et al. (2016), which presented the first dynamically-derived reanalysis dataset of storm surges that covers the entire world's coastline (GTSR dataset). Surge levels for the period 1979-2014 were simulated by forcing the Global Surge and Tide Model (GTSM) with wind speed and atmospheric pressure from the ERA-Interim reanalysis. There is generally a good agreement between simulated and observed sea level extremes in extra-tropical regions; however for areas prone to TCs there is a severe underestimation of extremes. For example, the maximum surge levels during Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans exceeded 8 m, whilst the GTSM surge levels in that area do not exceed 2-3 m. Hence, due to the coarse grid resolution, the strong intensities of TCs are not fully captured in ERA-Interim. Furthermore, the length of ERA-Interim data set, like other reanalysis datasets, is too short to estimate the probabilities of extreme TC events in a reliable way. For accurate risk assessments it is essential to improve the representation of TCs in these global reanalysis of extreme sea levels. First, we need a higher resolution of meteorological forcing, which can be modelled with input from the observed best track data. Second, we need to statistically extend the observed record to many thousands of years. We will present the first results of these steps for the east coast of the United States. We will validate the GTSM model forced with best track data using recent extreme events like Katrina and Sandy. We will investigate how the statistics of the extreme sea level will change due to improved representation of TCs.

Statistics Section. Management and Technology Division. Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Papers on library statistics, which were presented at the 1983 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference, include: (1) "Network Statistics and Library Management," in which Glyn T. Evans (United States) suggests that network statistics can be used to improve internal library decisionmaking, enhance group resource…

Nuclear structure beyond the neutron drip line. The lowest energy states in 9He via their T=5/2 isobaric analogs in 9Li

DOE PAGES

Uberseder, E.; Rogachev, G. V.; Goldberg, V. Z.; ...

2016-03-01

The level structure of the very neutron rich and unbound 9He nucleus has been the subject of significant experimental and theoretical study. Many recent works have claimed that the two lowest energy 9He states exist with spins J π=1/2 +and Jπ=1/2 -and widths on the order of 100–200 keV. These find-ings cannot be reconciled with our contemporary understanding of nuclear structure. Our present work is the first high-resolution study with low statistical uncertainty of the relevant excitation energy range in the 8He+n system, performed via a search for the T =5/2 isobaric analog states in 9Li populated through 8He+p elasticmore » scattering. Moreover, the present data show no indication of any narrow structures. Instead, we find evidence for a broad J π=1/2 +state in 9He located approximately 3 MeV above the neutron decay threshold.« less

Two-mode mazer injected with V-type three-level atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liang, Wen-Qing; Zhang, Zhi-Ming; Xie, Sheng-Wu

2003-12-01

The properties of the two-mode mazer operating on V-type three-level atoms are studied. The effect of the one-atom pumping on the two modes of the cavity field in number-state is asymmetric, that is, the atom emits a photon into one mode with some probability and absorbs a photon from the other mode with some other probability. This effect makes the steady-state photon distribution and the steady-state photon statistics asymmetric for the two modes. The diagram of the probability currents for the photon distribution, given by the analysis of the master equation, reveals that there is no detailed balance solution for the master equation. The computations show that the photon statistics of one mode or both modes can be sub-Poissonian, that the two modes can have anticorrelation or correlation, that the photon statistics increases with the increase of thermal photons and that the resonant position and strength of the photon statistics are influenced by the ratio of the two coupling strengths of the two modes. These properties are also discussed physically.

Forest statistics for New Hampshire

Treesearch

Thomas S. Frieswyk; Anne M. Malley

1985-01-01

This is a statistical report on the fourth forest survey of New Hampshire conducted in 1982-83 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Statistics for forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output are displayed at the state, unit, and county levels. The current inventory indicates that...

A national streamflow network gap analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kiang, Julie E.; Stewart, David W.; Archfield, Stacey A.; Osborne, Emily B.; Eng, Ken

2013-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a gap analysis to evaluate how well the USGS streamgage network meets a variety of needs, focusing on the ability to calculate various statistics at locations that have streamgages (gaged) and that do not have streamgages (ungaged). This report presents the results of analysis to determine where there are gaps in the network of gaged locations, how accurately desired statistics can be calculated with a given length of record, and whether the current network allows for estimation of these statistics at ungaged locations. The analysis indicated that there is variability across the Nation’s streamflow data-collection network in terms of the spatial and temporal coverage of streamgages. In general, the Eastern United States has better coverage than the Western United States. The arid Southwestern United States, Alaska, and Hawaii were observed to have the poorest spatial coverage, using the dataset assembled for this study. Except in Hawaii, these areas also tended to have short streamflow records. Differences in hydrology lead to differences in the uncertainty of statistics calculated in different regions of the country. Arid and semiarid areas of the Central and Southwestern United States generally exhibited the highest levels of interannual variability in flow, leading to larger uncertainty in flow statistics. At ungaged locations, information can be transferred from nearby streamgages if there is sufficient similarity between the gaged watersheds and the ungaged watersheds of interest. Areas where streamgages exhibit high correlation are most likely to be suitable for this type of information transfer. The areas with the most highly correlated streamgages appear to coincide with mountainous areas of the United States. Lower correlations are found in the Central United States and coastal areas of the Southeastern United States. Information transfer from gaged basins to ungaged basins is also most likely to be successful when basin attributes show high similarity. At the scale of the analysis completed in this study, the attributes of basins upstream of USGS streamgages cover the full range of basin attributes observed at potential locations of interest fairly well. Some exceptions included very high or very low elevation areas and very arid areas.

Evaluation of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects in published multiperson N-of-1 studies: systematic review and reanalysis.

PubMed

Raman, Gowri; Balk, Ethan M; Lai, Lana; Shi, Jennifer; Chan, Jeffrey; Lutz, Jennifer S; Dubois, Robert W; Kravitz, Richard L; Kent, David M

2018-05-26

Individual patients with the same condition may respond differently to similar treatments. Our aim is to summarise the reporting of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) in multiperson N-of-1 studies and to examine the evidence for person-level HTE through reanalysis. Systematic review and reanalysis of multiperson N-of-1 studies. Medline, Cochrane Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Web of Science and review of references through August 2017 for N-of-1 studies published in English. N-of-1 studies of pharmacological interventions with at least two subjects. Citation screening and data extractions were performed in duplicate. We performed statistical reanalysis testing for person-level HTE on all studies presenting person-level data. We identified 62 multiperson N-of-1 studies with at least two subjects. Statistical tests examining HTE were described in only 13 (21%), of which only two (3%) tested person-level HTE. Only 25 studies (40%) provided person-level data sufficient to reanalyse person-level HTE. Reanalysis using a fixed effect linear model identified statistically significant person-level HTE in 8 of the 13 studies (62%) reporting person-level treatment effects and in 8 of the 14 studies (57%) reporting person-level outcomes. Our analysis suggests that person-level HTE is common and often substantial. Reviewed studies had incomplete information on person-level treatment effects and their variation. Improved assessment and reporting of person-level treatment effects in multiperson N-of-1 studies are needed. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Improved cellulase production by Botryosphaeria rhodina from OPEFB at low level moisture condition through statistical optimization.

PubMed

Bahrin, E K; Ibrahim, M F; Abd Razak, M N; Abd-Aziz, S; Shah, U K Md; Alitheen, N; Salleh, M Md

2012-01-01

The response surface method was applied in this study to improve cellulase production from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) by Botryosphaeria rhodina. An experimental design based on a two-level factorial was employed to screen the significant environmental factors for cellulase production. The locally isolated fungus Botryosphaeria rhodina was cultivated on OPEFB under solid-state fermentation (SSF). From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the initial moisture content, amount of substrate, and initial pH of nutrient supplied in the SSF system significantly influenced cellulase production. Then the optimization of the variables was done using the response surface method according to central composite design (CCD). Botryosphaeria rhodina exhibited its best performance with a high predicted value of FPase enzyme production (17.95 U/g) when the initial moisture content was at 24.32%, initial pH of nutrient was 5.96, and 3.98 g of substrate was present. The statistical optimization from actual experiment resulted in a significant increment of FPase production from 3.26 to 17.91 U/g (5.49-fold). High cellulase production at low moisture content is a very rare condition for fungi cultured in solid-state fermentation.

New Statistical Probe into the Decline of Daily Newspaper Household Penetration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alperstein, Gerald

From 1950 to 1970, daily newspaper household penetration (DNHP) levels dropped from 1.24 to 0.99 in the United States. This paper describes some of the variables involved in this decline and outlines a market-by-market statistical analysis of the relationship between the penetration levels of daily newspapers and other forms of mass media. From…

Fuel oil and kerosene sales 1997

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1998-08-01

The Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 1997 report provides information, illustrations and state-level statistical data on end-use sales of kerosene; No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 distillate fuel oil; and residual fuel oil. State-level kerosene sales include volumes for residential, commercial, industrial, farm, and all other uses. State-level distillate sales include volumes for residential, commercial, industrial, oil company, railroad, vessel bunkering, military, electric utility, farm, on-highway, off highway construction, and other uses. State-level residual fuel sales include volumes for commercial, industrial, oil company, vessel bunkering, military, electric utility, and other uses. 24 tabs.

Feasibility and Requirements Analysis of MIS for Operational Patrol Squadrons in the United States Navy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-12-01

with statistical data on the -est questions themselves and allows upgrading of the test ques-ion bank or changes in the method of presentation. (5...accessed to meet on-line inquires from users at the OMA, INA, and SSC levels, utilizing a number of different to access similar data. A query capability...technical directive and configured item capability * nonthly Maintanance Plan *Individual material Readiness List (I21RL) SPIE calibration Expand JCN4 Tracki

Electric Power Monthly, August 1990. [Glossary included

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1990-11-29

The Electric Power Monthly (EPM) presents monthly summaries of electric utility statistics at the national, Census division, and State level. The purpose of this publication is to provide energy decisionmakers with accurate and timely information that may be used in forming various perspectives on electric issues that lie ahead. Data includes generation by energy source (coal, oil, gas, hydroelectric, and nuclear); generation by region; consumption of fossil fuels for power generation; sales of electric power, cost data; and unusual occurrences. A glossary is included.

Collisional rate coefficients of C3H2 and the determination of physical conditions in molecular clouds

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Avery, L. W.; Green, Sheldon

1989-01-01

Collisional excitation rates for C3H2, calculated using the coupled states approximation at temperatures of 10-30 K, are presented. C3H2 produces a number of spectral line pairs whose members are close together in frequency but arise from levels with different excitation energies. The rates are used in statistical equilibrium calculations to illustrate the excitation properties and density-dependent behavior of various C3H2 line ratios.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gecow, Andrzej

On the way to simulating adaptive evolution of complex system describing a living object or human developed project, a fitness should be defined on node states or network external outputs. Feedbacks lead to circular attractors of these states or outputs which make it difficult to define a fitness. The main statistical effects of adaptive condition are the result of small change tendency and to appear, they only need a statistically correct size of damage initiated by evolutionary change of system. This observation allows to cut loops of feedbacks and in effect to obtain a particular statistically correct state instead ofmore » a long circular attractor which in the quenched model is expected for chaotic network with feedback. Defining fitness on such states is simple. We calculate only damaged nodes and only once. Such an algorithm is optimal for investigation of damage spreading i.e. statistical connections of structural parameters of initial change with the size of effected damage. It is a reversed-annealed method--function and states (signals) may be randomly substituted but connections are important and are preserved. The small damages important for adaptive evolution are correctly depicted in comparison to Derrida annealed approximation which expects equilibrium levels for large networks. The algorithm indicates these levels correctly. The relevant program in Pascal, which executes the algorithm for a wide range of parameters, can be obtained from the author.« less

The issue of multiple univariate comparisons in the context of neuroelectric brain mapping: an application in a neuromarketing experiment.

PubMed

Vecchiato, G; De Vico Fallani, F; Astolfi, L; Toppi, J; Cincotti, F; Mattia, D; Salinari, S; Babiloni, F

2010-08-30

This paper presents some considerations about the use of adequate statistical techniques in the framework of the neuroelectromagnetic brain mapping. With the use of advanced EEG/MEG recording setup involving hundred of sensors, the issue of the protection against the type I errors that could occur during the execution of hundred of univariate statistical tests, has gained interest. In the present experiment, we investigated the EEG signals from a mannequin acting as an experimental subject. Data have been collected while performing a neuromarketing experiment and analyzed with state of the art computational tools adopted in specialized literature. Results showed that electric data from the mannequin's head presents statistical significant differences in power spectra during the visualization of a commercial advertising when compared to the power spectra gathered during a documentary, when no adjustments were made on the alpha level of the multiple univariate tests performed. The use of the Bonferroni or Bonferroni-Holm adjustments returned correctly no differences between the signals gathered from the mannequin in the two experimental conditions. An partial sample of recently published literature on different neuroscience journals suggested that at least the 30% of the papers do not use statistical protection for the type I errors. While the occurrence of type I errors could be easily managed with appropriate statistical techniques, the use of such techniques is still not so largely adopted in the literature. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Written Testimony of Thomas J. Nussbaum, Chancellor of the California Community Colleges, [presented to the] Assembly Budget Subcommittee on Education Finance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nussbaum, Thomas J.

This written testimony, presented to the California State Assembly on February 28, 2001, by Thomas J. Nussbaum, Chancellor of the California Community Colleges (CCC), presents statistics for the financial state of the California Community College System, in comparison to both other states and to the California K-12, California State University…

Forest statistics for Delaware: 1986 and 1999

Treesearch

Douglas M. Griffith; Richard H. Widmann; Richard H. Widmann

2001-01-01

A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Delaware conducted in 1999 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit of the Northeastern Research Station. Statistics for forest area, numbers of trees, tree biomass, timber volume, growth, and change are displayed at the state and, where appropriate, the county level. The current inventory indicates that there are...

Forest statistics for West Virginia: 1989 and 2000

Treesearch

Douglas M. Griffith; Richard H. Widmann

2003-01-01

A statistical report on the fifth forest inventory of West Virginia conducted in 2000 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the Northeastern Research Station. Statistics for forest area, numbers of trees, tree biomass, timber volume, growth, and change are displayed at the state and, where appropriate, the county level. The current inventory indicates that there...

Availability of Instructional Materials at the Basic Education Level in Enugu Educational Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chukwu, Leo C.; Eze, Thecla A. Y.; Agada, Fidelia Chinyelugo

2016-01-01

The study examined the availability of instructional materials at the basic education level in Enugu Education Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. One research question and one hypothesis guided the study. The research question was answered using mean and grand mean ratings, while the hypothesis was tested using t-test statistics at 0.05 level of…

Reports on Cancer - Cancer Statistics

Cancer.gov

Interactive tools for access to statistics for a cancer site by gender, race, ethnicity, calendar year, age, state, county, stage, and histology. Statistics include incidence, mortality, prevalence, cost, risk factors, behaviors, tobacco use, and policies and are presented as graphs, tables, or maps.

Indian Education in Wisconsin Under State Contract. Twentieth Annual Report (Statistical Section).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kingston, A. W.; Embertson, E. N.

This statistical portion of the 1966-1967 annual report on Indian education in the state schools of Wisconsin contains data concerning total enrollment, attendance, number of Indian graduates, expenditures under Johnson-O'Malley contracts, and rate of school taxes. The Indian Education Fund Financial Statement is presented, as well as a…

Forest statistics of the United States, 1992 metric units.

Treesearch

W. Brad Smith; Joanne L. Faulkner; Douglas S. Powell

1994-01-01

The 1987 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment was conducted to provide current information on the nation's forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or state. Statistics are provided in a metric format for international use.

Evaluating the performance of a fault detection and diagnostic system for vapor compression equipment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Breuker, M.S.; Braun, J.E.

This paper presents a detailed evaluation of the performance of a statistical, rule-based fault detection and diagnostic (FDD) technique presented by Rossi and Braun (1997). Steady-state and transient tests were performed on a simple rooftop air conditioner over a range of conditions and fault levels. The steady-state data without faults were used to train models that predict outputs for normal operation. The transient data with faults were used to evaluate FDD performance. The effect of a number of design variables on FDD sensitivity for different faults was evaluated and two prototype systems were specified for more complete evaluation. Good performancemore » was achieved in detecting and diagnosing five faults using only six temperatures (2 input and 4 output) and linear models. The performance improved by about a factor of two when ten measurements (three input and seven output) and higher order models were used. This approach for evaluating and optimizing the performance of the statistical, rule-based FDD technique could be used as a design and evaluation tool when applying this FDD method to other packaged air-conditioning systems. Furthermore, the approach could also be modified to evaluate the performance of other FDD methods.« less

Cigarette taxes and respiratory cancers: new evidence from panel co-integration analysis.

PubMed

Liu, Echu; Yu, Wei-Choun; Hsieh, Hsin-Ling

2011-01-01

Using a set of state-level longitudinal data from 1954 through 2005, this study investigates the "long-run equilibrium" relationship between cigarette excise taxes and the mortality rates of respiratory cancers in the United States. Statistical tests show that both cigarette excise taxes in real terms and mortality rates from respiratory cancers contain unit roots and are co-integrated. Estimates of co-integrating vectors indicated that a 10 percent increase in real cigarette excise tax rate leads to a 2.5 percent reduction in respiratory cancer mortality rate, implying a decline of 3,922 deaths per year, on a national level in the long run. These effects are statistically significant at the one percent level. Moreover, estimates of co-integrating vectors show that higher cigarette excise tax rates lead to lower mortality rates in most states; however, this relationship does not hold for Alaska, Florida, Hawaii, and Texas.

Dual Level Statistical Investigation of Equilibrium Solubility in Simulated Fasted and Fed Intestinal Fluid

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

The oral route is the preferred option for drug administration but contains the inherent issue of drug absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) in order to elicit systemic activity. A prerequisite for absorption is drug dissolution, which is dependent upon drug solubility in the variable milieu of GIT fluid, with poorly soluble drugs presenting a formulation and biopharmaceutical challenge. Multiple factors within GIT fluid influence solubility ranging from pH to the concentration and ratio of amphiphilic substances, such as phospholipid, bile salt, monoglyceride, and cholesterol. To aid in vitro investigation simulated intestinal fluids (SIF) covering the fasted and fed state have been developed. SIF media is complex and statistical design of experiment (DoE) investigations have revealed the range of solubility values possible within each state due to physiological variability along with the media factors and factor interactions which influence solubility. However, these studies require large numbers of experiments (>60) and are not feasible or sensible within a drug development setting. In the current study a smaller dual level, reduced experimental number (20) DoE providing three arms covering the fasted and fed states along with a combined analysis has been investigated. The results indicate that this small scale investigation is feasible and provides solubility ranges that encompass published data in human and simulated fasted and fed fluids. The measured fasted and fed solubility ranges are in agreement with published large scale DoE results in around half of the cases, with the differences due to changes in media composition between studies. Indicating that drug specific behaviors are being determined and that careful media factor and concentration level selection is required in order to determine a physiologically relevant solubility range. The study also correctly identifies the major single factor or factors which influence solubility but it is evident that lower significance factors (for example bile salt) are not picked up due to the lower sample number employed. A similar issue is present with factor interactions with only a limited number available for study and generally not determined to have a significant solubility impact due to the lower statistical power of the study. The study indicates that a reduced experimental number DoE is feasible, will provide solubility range results with identification of major solubility factors however statistical limitations restrict the analysis. The approach therefore represents a useful initial screening tool that can guide further in depth analysis of a drug’s behavior in gastrointestinal fluids. PMID:29072917

An open-source textbook for teaching climate-related risk analysis using the R computing environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Applegate, P. J.; Keller, K.

2015-12-01

Greenhouse gas emissions lead to increased surface air temperatures and sea level rise. In turn, sea level rise increases the risks of flooding for people living near the world's coastlines. Our own research on assessing sea level rise-related risks emphasizes both Earth science and statistics. At the same time, the free, open-source computing environment R is growing in popularity among statisticians and scientists due to its flexibility and graphics capabilities, as well as its large library of existing functions. We have developed a set of laboratory exercises that introduce students to the Earth science and statistical concepts needed for assessing the risks presented by climate change, particularly sea-level rise. These exercises will be published as a free, open-source textbook on the Web. Each exercise begins with a description of the Earth science and/or statistical concepts that the exercise teaches, with references to key journal articles where appropriate. Next, students are asked to examine in detail a piece of existing R code, and the exercise text provides a clear explanation of how the code works. Finally, students are asked to modify the existing code to produce a well-defined outcome. We discuss our experiences in developing the exercises over two separate semesters at Penn State, plus using R Markdown to interweave explanatory text with sample code and figures in the textbook.

Access to health care and community social capital.

PubMed

Hendryx, Michael S; Ahern, Melissa M; Lovrich, Nicholas P; McCurdy, Arthur H

2002-02-01

To test the hypothesis that variation in reported access to health care is positively related to the level of social capital present in a community. The 1996 Household Survey of the Community Tracking Study, drawn from 22 metropolitan statistical areas across the United States (n = 19,672). Additional data for the 22 communities are from a 1996 multicity broadcast media marketing database, including key social capital indicators, the 1997 National Profile of Local Health Departments survey, and Interstudy, American Hospital Association, and American Medical Association sources. The design is cross-sectional. Self-reported access to care problems is the dependent variable. Independent variables include individual sociodemographic variables, community-level health sector variables, and social capital variables. Data are merged from the various sources and weighted to be population representative and are analyzed using hierarchical categorical modeling. Persons who live in metropolitan statistical areas featuring higher levels of social capital report fewer problems accessing health care. A higher HMO penetration rate in a metropolitan statistical area was also associated with fewer access problems. Other health sector variables were not related to health care access. The results observed for 22 major U.S. cities are consistent with the hypothesis that community social capital enables better access to care, perhaps through improving community accountability mechanisms.

Comparison of methods for calculating conditional expectations of sufficient statistics for continuous time Markov chains.

PubMed

Tataru, Paula; Hobolth, Asger

2011-12-05

Continuous time Markov chains (CTMCs) is a widely used model for describing the evolution of DNA sequences on the nucleotide, amino acid or codon level. The sufficient statistics for CTMCs are the time spent in a state and the number of changes between any two states. In applications past evolutionary events (exact times and types of changes) are unaccessible and the past must be inferred from DNA sequence data observed in the present. We describe and implement three algorithms for computing linear combinations of expected values of the sufficient statistics, conditioned on the end-points of the chain, and compare their performance with respect to accuracy and running time. The first algorithm is based on an eigenvalue decomposition of the rate matrix (EVD), the second on uniformization (UNI), and the third on integrals of matrix exponentials (EXPM). The implementation in R of the algorithms is available at http://www.birc.au.dk/~paula/. We use two different models to analyze the accuracy and eight experiments to investigate the speed of the three algorithms. We find that they have similar accuracy and that EXPM is the slowest method. Furthermore we find that UNI is usually faster than EVD.

Methods for Estimating Water Withdrawals for Aquaculture in the United States, 2005

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lovelace, John K.

2009-01-01

Aquaculture water use is associated with raising organisms that live in water - such as finfish and shellfish - for food, restoration, conservation, or sport. Aquaculture production occurs under controlled feeding, sanitation, and harvesting procedures primarily in ponds, flow-through raceways, and, to a lesser extent, cages, net pens, and tanks. Aquaculture ponds, raceways, and tanks usually require the withdrawal or diversion of water from a ground or surface source. Most water withdrawn or diverted for aquaculture production is used to maintain pond levels and/or water quality. Water typically is added for maintenance of levels, oxygenation, temperature control, and flushing of wastes. This report documents methods used to estimate withdrawals of fresh ground water and surface water for aqua-culture in 2005 for each county and county-equivalent in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands by using aquaculture statistics and estimated water-use coefficients and water-replacement rates. County-level data for commercial and noncommercial operations compiled for the 2005 Census of Aquaculture were obtained from the National Agricultural Statistics Service. Withdrawals of water used at commercial and noncommercial operations for aquaculture ponds, raceways, tanks, egg incubators, and pens and cages for alligators were estimated and totaled by ground-water or surface-water source for each county and county equivalent. Use of the methods described in this report, when measured or reported data are unavailable, could result in more consistent water-withdrawal estimates for aquaculture that can be used by water managers and planners to determine water needs and trends across the United States. The results of this study were distributed to U.S. Geological Survey water-use personnel in each State during 2007. Water-use personnel are required to submit estimated withdrawals for all categories of use in their State to the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Use Information Program for inclusion in a national report describing water use in the United States during 2005. Water-use personnel had the option of submitting the estimates determined by using the methods described in this report, a modified version of these estimates, their own set of estimates, or reported data for the aquaculture category. Estimated withdrawals resulting from the method described in this report are not presented herein to avoid potential inconsistencies with estimated withdrawals for aquaculture that will be presented in the national report, as different methods used by water-use personnel may result in different withdrawal estimates. Estimated withdrawals also are not presented to avoid potential disclosure of confidential information for individual aquaculture operations.

Confidence level in performing clinical procedures among medical officers in nonspecialist government hospitals in Penang, Malaysia.

PubMed

Othman, Mohamad Sabri; Merican, Hassan; Lee, Yew Fong; Ch'ng, Kean Siang; Thurairatnam, Dharminy

2015-03-01

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at 3 government hospitals over 6 months to evaluate the confidence level of medical officers (MOs) to perform clinical procedure in nonspecialist government hospitals in Penang. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire in English was designed based on the elective and emergency procedures stated in the houseman training logbook. The questionnaire was distributed to the MOs from Penang State Health Department through the respective hospital directors and returned to Penang State Health Department on completion. The results showed that there was statistically significant difference between those who had undergone 12 months and 24 months as houseman in performing both elective and emergency procedures. MOs who had spent 24 months as housemen expressed higher confidence level than those who had only 12 months of experience. We also found that the confidence level was statistically and significantly influenced by visiting specialist and working together with cooperative experienced paramedics. © 2013 APJPH.

Snapshot Mueller polarimetry for biomedical diagnostic related to human liver fibrosis: evaluation of the method for biomedical assessments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Babilotte, P.; Dubreuil, M.; Rivet, S.; Lijour, Y.; Sevrain, D.; Martin, L.; Le Brun, G.; Le Grand, Y.; Le Jeune, B.

2011-10-01

Human liver biopsy samples, consisting into a 16 μm thickness biomaterial chemically fixed into a formaldehyde matrix, and stained by red picrosirius dye, are analysed for different states of fibrosis degeneration. Polarimetric methods, and specially Mueller polarimetry based on wavelength coding, have been qualified as an efficient tool to describe many different biological aspects. The polarimetric characteristics of the media, extracted from a Lu and Chipman decomposition1, 2 of their Mueller Matrix (MM), are correlated with the degeneracy level of tissue. Different works and results linked to the clinical analysis will be presented and compared to previous performed works.3 Polarimetric imaging will be presented and compared with SHG measurements. A statistical analysis of the distribution of polarimetric parameters (such as the retardance R and depolarisation Pd) will be presented too, in order to characterise the liver fibrosis level into the biomaterial under study.

Quick Facts for 2013-2014

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama State Department of Education, 2014

2014-01-01

The Alabama Department of Education presents "Quick Facts," an annual snapshot of general state statistics, facts about public schools, the State Board of Education, and general financial data. The data presented in this report covers the school year 2013-2014.

76 FR 17710 - Proposed Collection, Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-30

... Rowan, BLS Clearance Officer, Division of Management Systems, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Room 4080, 2.... The statistics are fundamental inputs in economic decision processes at all levels of government... the State mandatory reporting authority. II. Current Action Office of Management and Budget clearance...

Socioeconomic and state-level differences in prenatal diagnosis and live birth prevalence of Down's syndrome in the United States.

PubMed

Khoshnood, B; Pryde, P; Blondel, B; Lee, K S

2003-12-01

Previous studies have shown socioeconomic disparities in the use of prenatal diagnosis in several countries, including France and the United States. Few studies however, have examined the impact of socioeconomic differences in prenatal testing on disparities in the live birth prevalence of congenital anomalies. In this article, we first review and further discuss some of the results of our previously published work that assesses: i) socioeconomic differences in the use of amniocentesis in the United States using data from national birth cohorts; and ii) impact of socioeconomic differences in prenatal diagnosis on the live birth prevalence of Down's syndrome (trisomy 21). We then present the results of a study that explores the potential effects of public policies regarding abortion on state-level differences in the live birth prevalence of Down's syndrome. We used birth data from the National Center for Health Statistics for the years 1989 to 1991 as well as data from the National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League (NARAL) state-by-state review of abortion rights. The main individual-level socioeconomic variables in the analyses were maternal ethnicity and education; the analyses of the interaction effects between maternal age and ethnicity are presented here. Interaction effects were assessed using logistic regression models with likelihood ratio tests. We used hierarchical logistic regression models for analyses of state-level effects while controlling for individual-level socioeconomic factors. We found substantial age-specific socioeconomic differences in the use of amniocentesis and in the rates of age-related increase in the live birth prevalence of Down's syndrome. In particular, African Americans and Mexican Americans were found to have lower odds of amniocentesis use and higher odds of Down's syndrome at birth. In addition, after controlling for maternal age, socioeconomic factors and prenatal care, we found that states which allowed public financing of abortion services for all or most circumstances had lower odds of Down's syndrome at birth. Unless socioeconomic differences in prenatal testing are addressed, the increasing use of prenatal testing might result in widening socioeconomic disparities in the live birth prevalence of Down's syndrome and other major congenital anomalies in future years.

Contribution of small and medium enterprises to economic development: Evidence from a transiting economy.

PubMed

Obi, James; Ibidunni, Ayodotun Stephen; Tolulope, Atolagbe; Olokundun, Maxwell Ayodele; Amaihian, Augusta Bosede; Borishade, Taiye Tairat; Fred, Peter

2018-06-01

The focus of this research was to present a data article on the contribution of SMEs to economic development in a transiting economy. Descriptive research design was adopted in this study. Data were obtained from 600 respondents in 60 small-scale enterprises located in different parts of the country (20 small-scale enterprises located in Lagos State, 20 in Anambra State and 20 in Kano State of Nigeria respectively). Data analysis was carried out using tables and percentages and the null hypotheses of the study was tested using chi-square ( X 2 ) inferential statistical model at 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between the operation of small and medium-scale enterprises and economic growth in developing nations.

Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions: Fiscal Year 1999. Detailed Statistical Tables.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA.

This document presents statistical data of direct federal science and engineering support to higher education institutions in the United States. Data presented in the report are collected annually and exclude financial support of an indirect nature. There are six categories of support presented: (1) "Research and Development"; (2) "Research and…

Information-Theoretic Performance Analysis of Sensor Networks via Markov Modeling of Time Series Data.

PubMed

Li, Yue; Jha, Devesh K; Ray, Asok; Wettergren, Thomas A; Yue Li; Jha, Devesh K; Ray, Asok; Wettergren, Thomas A; Wettergren, Thomas A; Li, Yue; Ray, Asok; Jha, Devesh K

2018-06-01

This paper presents information-theoretic performance analysis of passive sensor networks for detection of moving targets. The proposed method falls largely under the category of data-level information fusion in sensor networks. To this end, a measure of information contribution for sensors is formulated in a symbolic dynamics framework. The network information state is approximately represented as the largest principal component of the time series collected across the network. To quantify each sensor's contribution for generation of the information content, Markov machine models as well as x-Markov (pronounced as cross-Markov) machine models, conditioned on the network information state, are constructed; the difference between the conditional entropies of these machines is then treated as an approximate measure of information contribution by the respective sensors. The x-Markov models represent the conditional temporal statistics given the network information state. The proposed method has been validated on experimental data collected from a local area network of passive sensors for target detection, where the statistical characteristics of environmental disturbances are similar to those of the target signal in the sense of time scale and texture. A distinctive feature of the proposed algorithm is that the network decisions are independent of the behavior and identity of the individual sensors, which is desirable from computational perspectives. Results are presented to demonstrate the proposed method's efficacy to correctly identify the presence of a target with very low false-alarm rates. The performance of the underlying algorithm is compared with that of a recent data-driven, feature-level information fusion algorithm. It is shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other algorithm.

NCES Finds States Lowered "Proficiency" Bar

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Viadero, Debra

2009-01-01

With 2014 approaching as the deadline by which states must get all their students up to "proficient" levels on state tests, a study released last week by the U.S. Department of Education's top statistics agency suggests that some states may have lowered student-proficiency standards on such tests in recent years. For the 47-state study,…

Dynamics of statistical distance: Quantum limits for two-level clocks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Braunstein, S.L.; Milburn, G.J.

1995-03-01

We study the evolution of statistical distance on the Bloch sphere under unitary and nonunitary dynamics. This corresponds to studying the limits to clock precision for a clock constructed from a two-state system. We find that the initial motion away from pure states under nonunitary dynamics yields the greatest accuracy for a one-tick'' clock; in this case the clock's precision is not limited by the largest frequency of the system.

Electric plant cost and power production expenses 1989. [Glossary included

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1991-03-29

This publication presents electric utility statistics on power production expenses and construction costs of electric generating plants. Data presented here are intended to provide information to the electric utility industry, educational institutions, federal, state, and local governments, and the general public. This report primarily presents aggregate operation, maintenance, and fuel expense data about all power plants owned and operated by the major investor-owned electric utilities in the United States. The power production expenses for the major investor-owned electric utilities are summarized. Plant-specific data are presented for a selection of both investor-owned and publicly owned plants. Summary statistics for each plantmore » type (prime mover), as reported by the electric utilities, are presented in the separate chapters as follows: Hydroelectric Plants; Fossil-Fueled Steam-Electric Plants; Nuclear Steam-Electric Plants; and Gas Turbine and Small Scale Electric Plants. These chapters contain plant level data for 50 conventional hydroelectric plants and 22 pumped storage hydroelectric plants, 50 fossil-fueled steam-electric plants, 71 nuclear steam-electric plants, and 50 gas turbine electric plants. Among the operating characteristics of each plant are the capacity, capability, generation and demand on the plant. Physical characteristics comprise the number of units in the plant, the average number of employees, and other information relative to the plant's operation. The Glossary section will enable the reader to understand clearly the terms used in this report. 4 figs., 18 tabs.« less

Irreversibility and entanglement spectrum statistics in quantum circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shaffer, Daniel; Chamon, Claudio; Hamma, Alioscia; Mucciolo, Eduardo R.

2014-12-01

We show that in a quantum system evolving unitarily under a stochastic quantum circuit the notions of irreversibility, universality of computation, and entanglement are closely related. As the state evolves from an initial product state, it gets asymptotically maximally entangled. We define irreversibility as the failure of searching for a disentangling circuit using a Metropolis-like algorithm. We show that irreversibility corresponds to Wigner-Dyson statistics in the level spacing of the entanglement eigenvalues, and that this is obtained from a quantum circuit made from a set of universal gates for quantum computation. If, on the other hand, the system is evolved with a non-universal set of gates, the statistics of the entanglement level spacing deviates from Wigner-Dyson and the disentangling algorithm succeeds. These results open a new way to characterize irreversibility in quantum systems.

Evaluation of maternal attachment, self-efficacy, levels of depression, and anxiety in mothers who have babies diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity.

PubMed

Özyurt, Gonca; Özyurt, Ayhan; Ozturk, Taylan; Yaman, Aylin; Berk, A Tulin

2018-04-01

The aim of this study is to evaluate the emotional stress and its effects on parental self-efficacy and mother-infant attachment in mothers whose babies were diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Study sample was consisted of voluntarily participating 82 mothers whose babies were first diagnosed with ROP, 83 mothers of preterm babies without ROP, and 85 mothers of term babies admitting for their routine visits. Sociodemographic data form maternal attachment scale, state-trait anxiety inventory, Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, and parental self-efficacy scale were applied to study participants, and the overall results of three groups were statistically compared. The sociodemographic features of three study groups were similar. Statistical significant differences were found in depression and state anxiety levels among study groups, while maternal attachment scale and trait anxiety level scores and parental self-efficacy scale total score were similar in study groups. Maternal depression and state-anxiety levels were tend to be higher in mother of children diagnosed with ROP and prematurity; however, there were no statistically significant differences between levels of mothers' of premature children with or without ROP. This is the first study in literature assessing the additional effect of ROP on the anxiety and depression levels of recent mothers, as well as mother-infant attachment and parental self-efficacy. Supporting of mothers having an infant with diagnosed ROP is crucial because of feeling themselves inefficient and responsible for all interventions applied to their babies.

North Dakota Academic Library Statistics; July 1973 through June 1974.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

North Dakota Library Notes, 1975

1975-01-01

The bulk of this volume is comprised of the statistical report forms submitted to the state library by all of the academic libraries in the state of North Dakota. The data presented for each library includes: print resources (books, documents, serials, and microforms); audiovisual holdings; collection use in terms of in-library usage, circulation,…

Forest resources of the eastern Ozark Region in Missouri

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1948-01-01

This Survey Release presents the more significant statistics on forest area and timber volume in 14 counties in the Eastern Ozark region of Missouri. As soon as statistical tabulations have been completed other releases will be issued giving similar information for the other important subdivisions of the State. Later an analytical report for the entire State will be...

Education in Rural and City School Systems: Some Statistical Indices for 1947-48. Circular 329.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Rose Marie

Nine comparative indices present both financial and non-financial statistics for rural and urban public elementary and secondary schools in 36 states and for all 36 states combined. The 1947-48 data cover the average salary of the instructional staff, instructional expenditure per pupil, total current expenditure per pupil, capital outlay per…

Voxel-based statistical analysis of cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain injury.

PubMed

Kim, Yong Wook; Kim, Hyoung Seop; An, Young-Sil; Im, Sang Hee

2010-10-01

Permanent vegetative state is defined as the impaired level of consciousness longer than 12 months after traumatic causes and 3 months after non-traumatic causes of brain injury. Although many studies assessed the cerebral metabolism in patients with acute and persistent vegetative state after brain injury, few studies investigated the cerebral metabolism in patients with permanent vegetative state. In this study, we performed the voxel-based analysis of cerebral glucose metabolism and investigated the relationship between regional cerebral glucose metabolism and the severity of impaired consciousness in patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain injury. We compared the regional cerebral glucose metabolism as demonstrated by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography from 12 patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain injury with those from 12 control subjects. Additionally, covariance analysis was performed to identify regions where decreased changes in regional cerebral glucose metabolism significantly correlated with a decrease of level of consciousness measured by JFK-coma recovery scale. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical parametric mapping. Compared with controls, patients with permanent vegetative state demonstrated decreased cerebral glucose metabolism in the left precuneus, both posterior cingulate cortices, the left superior parietal lobule (P(corrected) < 0.001), and increased cerebral glucose metabolism in the both cerebellum and the right supramarginal cortices (P(corrected) < 0.001). In the covariance analysis, a decrease in the level of consciousness was significantly correlated with decreased cerebral glucose metabolism in the both posterior cingulate cortices (P(uncorrected) < 0.005). Our findings suggest that the posteromedial parietal cortex, which are part of neural network for consciousness, may be relevant structure for pathophysiological mechanism in patients with permanent vegetative state after acquired brain injury.

BJS Data Report, 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of Justice, Washington, DC. Bureau of Justice Statistics.

The introduction to this report describes the functions and activities of the United States Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) which collects, analyzes, publishes, and disseminates statistical information on crime, victims of crime, criminal offenders, and operations of justice systems at all levels of government; provides financial and technical…

[Breast cancer mortality in women from Maringá city, Paraná State, Brazil].

PubMed

de Matos, Jéssica Carvalho; Carvalho, Maria Dalva de Barros; Pelloso, Sandra Marisa; Uchimura, Taqueco Teruya; Mathias, Thais Aidar de Freitas

2009-09-01

This study aims at analyzing the mortality behavior by breast cancer in women from Maringá city, Paraná state, Brazil, from 1990 to 2004. It is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal cut study. The data were collected from the Information System on Mortality of the Health Ministry where the following variables were considered: age, educational level and race/ color groups. The result showed 170 deaths by breast cancer in the period studied gradually ascending during the first triennium, decreasing in the second triennium and soon rising until 2004. For the period of eight years it was noticed an increase of obits predominantly in women aged between 40 and 69 years and presenting an educational level of eight completed years at school. There was an expressive increase of mortality in white women but not statistically significant. This study suggests immediate preventive measures in order to reduce the number of deaths due to this disease

20 CFR 661.205 - What is the role of the State Board?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... performance measures, including State adjusted levels of performance, to assess the effectiveness of the... employment statistics system described in section 15(e) of the Wagner-Peyser Act; and (i) Development of an...

[Financing the public health services. 1967].

PubMed

Mascarenhas, Rodolfo Dos Santos

2006-08-01

Federal statistic figures show that the Brazilian States altogether have, in their respective territories, a collection of taxes which is higher than the Union one. The highest collection of the Central Government which is shown at the official statistics is due to the excess of collection of the federal taxes over the ones of the States; this usually happens in five or six states, of which, in 1964 Guanabara and São Paulo were responsible for 91% of this difference. One can not change the present system of competence in Public Health Services in the three levels--central, regional and local--without modifying at the same time the present Brazilian tributary system, where the municipal governments received back in 1962 only 5.6 of the general collection of taxes. Figures from 1955 show that the per capita cost of Public Health Services in Brazil, comprising the three levels, was Cr 123 Cr dollars dollars ( 1.82 US dollars), and in 1962, Cr 827 (US 2.30 US dollars). These three levels of government reserved in 1955, 5.6% of the money spent in its total expenditure for Public Health activities; this percentage declined to 4.5% in 1962. In relation to the sum invested on Public Health government activities, the Union spent in 1962, 36.4% of the total expenses, the States 59.3% and the counties only 5.5%. There is a great disproportion in the distribution of Public Health expenditure among the various Brazilian States, ranging from a minimal percentage over the total public expenses such as the case of Goiás (1.6% in 1964) up to a maximum of 17.2% in Pará in the same year. There is also a considerable variation from one state to another and in 1964 it ranged from the lowest limit of 70 Cr dollars in Maranhão up to 5.217 in Guanabara. If we analyze the per capita expenses of each state with Public Health activities, using 1964 and 1954 figures represented in 1964 monetary values, we can verify that the expenditure of 20 states dropped of 17.2%. One can not know, without an adequate planning, whether theses per capita expenses with Public Health government-owned services should be increased or not. It is not advisable to perform an international comparison; the figures on hand are not reliable due to the lack of a rational public accountancy system.

A Census of Statistics Requirements at U.S. Journalism Programs and a Model for a "Statistics for Journalism" Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Justin D.

2017-01-01

This essay presents data from a census of statistics requirements and offerings at all 4-year journalism programs in the United States (N = 369) and proposes a model of a potential course in statistics for journalism majors. The author proposes that three philosophies underlie a statistics course for journalism students. Such a course should (a)…

[Health governance and social protection indicators in Latin-America: strengths, weaknesses and lessons-learned from six Mexican states].

PubMed

Arredondo-López, Armando; Orozco-Núñez, Emanuel

2014-01-01

Evaluative research projects for identifying good practice have been postponed regarding health system reform. This study was thus aimed at identifying health governance and social protection indicators. This study involved evaluative research regarding the health system for the uninsured part of the population in six Mexican states. The primary data was obtained from in-depth interviews with key players from the participating states; official statistics and the results of a macro-project concerned with Mexican health and governance reform and policy was used for secondary. Atlas Ti and Policy Maker software were used for processing and analysing the data. A list of strengths and weaknesses was presented as evidence of health system governance. Accountability at federal level (even though not lacking) was of a prescriptive nature and a system of accountability and transparency regarding the assignment of resources and strategies for the democratisation of health in the states and municipalities was still lacking. All six states had low levels of governance and experienced difficulty in conducting effective reform programmes and strategies involving a lack of precision regarding the rules and roles adopted by different health system actors.

Projections of Education Statistics to 2001: An Update.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gerald, Debra E.; Hussar, William J.

Statistical projections for elementary and secondary schools and institutions of higher education are provided at the national and state levels through the year 2001. National projection tables cover enrollment, high school graduates, earned degrees conferred, classroom teachers, and expenditures of public elementary and secondary schools.…

Anger and depression levels of mothers with premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

PubMed

Kardaşözdemir, Funda; AKGüN Şahin, Zümrüt

2016-02-04

The aim of this study was to examine anger and depression levels of mothers who had a premature infant in the NICU, and all factors affecting the situation. This descriptive study was performed in the level I and II units of NICU at three state hospitals in Turkey. The data was collected with a demographic questionnaire, "Beck Depression Inventory" and "Anger Expression Scale". Descriptive statistics, parametric and nonparametric statistical tests and Pearson correlation were used in the data analysis. Mothers whose infants are under care in NICU have moderate depression. It has also been determined that mothers' educational level, income level and gender of infants were statistically significant (p <0.05). A positive relationship between depression and trait anger scores was found to be statistically significant. A negative relationship existed between depression and anger-control scores for the mothers, which was statistically significant (p <0.05). Due to the results of research, recommended that mothers who are at risk of depression and anger in the NICU evaluated by nurses and these nurses to develop their consulting roles.

Highway Statistics 1950

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1952-01-01

This publication, the sixth of an annual series, presents the 1950 statistical and analytical tables of general interest on motor fuel, motor vehicles, highway-user taxation, financing of State highways, highway mileage, and Federal aid for highways....

Highway Statistics 1960

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1960-01-01

This publication, the sixteenth of an annual series, presents the 1960 statistical and analytical tables of general interest on motor fuel, motor vehicles, highway-user taxation, State and local highway finance, highway mileage, and Federal aid for h...

The Relationship Between Posttraumatic Growth and Psychosocial Variables in Survivors of State Terrorism and Their Relatives.

PubMed

Cárdenas-Castro, Manuel; Faúndez-Abarca, Ximena; Arancibia-Martini, Héctor; Ceruti-Mahn, Cristián

2017-08-01

The present study explores reports of growth in survivors and family members of victims of state terrorism ( N = 254) in Chile from 1973 to 1990. The results indicate the presence of reports of posttraumatic growth ( M = 4.69) and a positive and statistically significant correlation with variables related to the life impact of the stressful events ( r = .46), social sharing of emotions ( r = .32), deliberate rumination ( r = .37), positive reappraisal ( r = .35), reconciliation ( r = .39), spiritual practices ( r = .33), and meaning in life ( r = .51). The relationship between growth and forgiveness is not statistically significant. The variables that best predict posttraumatic growth are positive reappraisal (β = .28), life impact (β = .24), meaning in life β = .23), and reconciliation (β = .20). The forward-method hierarchical model indicates that these variables are significant predictors of growth levels, R 2 = .53, F(8, 210) = 30.08, p < .001. The results indicate that a large proportion of the victims of state terrorism manage to grow after these experiences, and the redefinition of meaning in life and the positive reappraisal of the traumatic experiences are the elements that make it possible to create a new narrative about the past.

Sub-poissonian photon statistics in the coherent state Jaynes-Cummings model in non-resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jia-tai; Fan, An-fu

1992-03-01

We study a model with a two-level atom (TLA) non-resonance interacting with a single-mode quantized cavity field (QCF). The photon number probability function, the mean photon number and Mandel's fluctuation parameter are calculated. The sub-Poissonian distributions of the photon statistics are obtained in non-resonance interaction. This statistical properties are strongly dependent on the detuning parameters.

Florida Postsecondary Education Security Information Act. Annual Report of Campus Crime Statistics 1991-93 and Annual Assessment of Physical Plant Safety 1994.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Office of Postsecondary Education Coordination.

This state-mandated report presents crime statistics at higher education institutions in Florida and an assessment of physical plant security. The crime data list numbers of homicides, forcible sex offenses, robberies, aggravated assaults, burglaries/breaking and entering, larcenies and thefts, and motor vehicle thefts for each state university,…

The Profile of Creativity and Proposing Statistical Problem Quality Level Reviewed From Cognitive Style

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Awi; Ahmar, A. S.; Rahman, A.; Minggi, I.; Mulbar, U.; Asdar; Ruslan; Upu, H.; Alimuddin; Hamda; Rosidah; Sutamrin; Tiro, M. A.; Rusli

2018-01-01

This research aims to reveal the profile about the level of creativity and the ability to propose statistical problem of students at Mathematics Education 2014 Batch in the State University of Makassar in terms of their cognitive style. This research uses explorative qualitative method by giving meta-cognitive scaffolding at the time of research. The hypothesis of research is that students who have field independent (FI) cognitive style in statistics problem posing from the provided information already able to propose the statistical problem that can be solved and create new data and the problem is already been included as a high quality statistical problem, while students who have dependent cognitive field (FD) commonly are still limited in statistics problem posing that can be finished and do not load new data and the problem is included as medium quality statistical problem.

Printable organic and inorganic materials for flexible electrochemical devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wojcik, Pawel Jerzy

The growing demand of consumer printed electronics such as smart cards, smart packaging, automotive displays, electronic paper and others led to the increased interest in fully printed electrochemical devices. These components are expected to be developed based on printed thin films derived from cheap and widely accessible compounds. This dissertation presents the long stretch of technical research that was performed to realize printed energy efficient concepts such as electrochromic displays and smart-windows. Within this broad theme, the presented study had a number of specific objectives, however, the overall aim was to develop low-cost material systems (i.e. printable mixtures) at a lab-scale, which would be compatible with large-scale roll-to-roll processing. Presented results concern three main topics: (i) dual-phase inorganic electrochromic material processed at low temperature, (ii) enhancement in electrochromic performance via metaloxide nanoparticles engineering, and (iii) highly conductive and mechanically stable solid-state electrolyte. First two topics are related to crystallographic structure of metal-oxide films derived from sol-gel precursor, which is shown to be critical for electrochemical performance. The proposed method of microstructure control enables development of electrochromic films which outperform their amorphous or nanocrystalline analogues presented in the state-of-the-art due to their superior chemical and physical properties. Developed materials and processes resulted in electrochemical devices exhibiting optical density on the level of 0.82 and switching time shorter than 3 seconds, reaching performance at practical level. Third topic concerns a new concept of solid state electrolyte based on plastic crystal doped with lithium salt, dispersed in a thermosetting polymer resin network. This soft matter printable electrolyte meets requirements for electrochromic applications, exhibiting ionic conductivities of 10. -6 - 10. -4 S cm-1 at ambient temperature, Young'sModulus in the range of 0.1 - 1.4 MPa and operational temperature up to 115°C. In order to extract information from massive computational data, model developed material systems and optimize composition, an efficient mathematical methodology based on statistical techniques was applied. This approach significantly reduces the number of experiments to be realized, while maintaining a high accuracy of the analysis. Using this approach the number of experiments has been reduced from 162 down to 30 in case of dual-phase electrochromic films, and from 729 down to 28 in study on solid-state electrolyte (when comparing to classical three-level full factorial approach). Coupling of statistical methods with formulation of electrochemically active materials shows the potential to maximize the capabilities of these systems.

Estimating mortality using data from civil registration: a cross-sectional study in India

PubMed Central

Rao, Chalapati; Lakshmi, PVM; Prinja, Shankar; Kumar, Rajesh

2016-01-01

Abstract Objective To analyse the design and operational status of India’s civil registration and vital statistics system and facilitate the system’s development into an accurate and reliable source of mortality data. Methods We assessed the national civil registration and vital statistics system’s legal framework, administrative structure and design through document review. We did a cross-sectional study for the year 2013 at national level and in Punjab state to assess the quality of the system’s mortality data through analyses of life tables and investigation of the completeness of death registration and the proportion of deaths assigned ill-defined causes. We interviewed registrars, medical officers and coders in Punjab state to assess their knowledge and practice. Findings Although we found the legal framework and system design to be appropriate, data collection was based on complex intersectoral collaborations at state and local level and the collected data were found to be of poor quality. The registration data were inadequate for a robust estimate of mortality at national level. A medically certified cause of death was only recorded for 965 992 (16.8%) of the 5 735 082 deaths registered. Conclusion The data recorded by India’s civil registration and vital statistics system in 2011 were incomplete. If improved, the system could be used to reliably estimate mortality. We recommend improving political support and intersectoral coordination, capacity building, computerization and state-level initiatives to ensure that every death is registered and that reliable causes of death are recorded – at least within an adequate sample of registration units within each state. PMID:26769992

Digest of Education Statistics, 1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Snyder, Thomas D.; Hoffman, Charlene M.

This document, consisting of 7 chapters, 35 figures, 395 tables, plus 22 appendix tables, provides statistical data on most aspects of United States education, both public and private, from kindergarten through graduate school. The chapters cover the following topics: (1) all levels of education; (2) elementary and secondary education; (3)…

Some General Goals in Teaching Statistics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blalock, H. M.

1987-01-01

States that regardless of the content or level of a statistics course, five goals to reach are: (1) overcoming fears, resistances, and tendencies to memorize; (2) the importance of intellectual honesty and integrity; (3) understanding relationship between deductive and inductive inferences; (4) learning to play role of reasonable critic; and (5)…

Teaching Engineering Statistics with Technology, Group Learning, Contextual Projects, Simulation Models and Student Presentations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romeu, Jorge Luis

2008-01-01

This article discusses our teaching approach in graduate level Engineering Statistics. It is based on the use of modern technology, learning groups, contextual projects, simulation models, and statistical and simulation software to entice student motivation. The use of technology to facilitate group projects and presentations, and to generate,…

Highway Statistics 1990

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-10-01

This publication is the 46th of an annual series. It presents the 1990 analyzed statistics of general interest on motor fuel, motor vehicles, driver licensing, highway-user taxation, State highway finance, highway mileage, and Federal aid for highway...

Photoionization of S3+ using the Breit-Pauli R-matrix method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stancalie, V.

2018-01-01

Sulphur is one of the most abundant chemical elements in the universe and a large number of lines have been observed in the spectra of astrophysical object. The S IV and SV ions considered in this work have received much interest in the last decade. The main objective of the present work is to report on photoionization cross-sections of S IV using the Breit-Pauli R-matrix (BPRM) method. We have carried out extensive non-relativistic and relativistic calculations of the photoionization cross sections to focus on relativistic effects. The reliability of the atomic data presented here has been carefully tested. We have exploited the BPRM code to describe the atomic wavefunctions and generate the energy levels for the SV 81 fine-structure bound target states and the corresponding A-values for transitions between these levels. The partial and total cross sections for the photoionization of the Al-like S3+ ground and excited states are determined for photon energy ranging from the S4+ 3s2 threshold up to the S4+ 4s threshold. We present statistically weighted, level resolved ground photoionization cross sections for the S IV ion. Both resonance positions and the oscillator strengths are presented. Extensive comparison of the present calculated values with those obtained from direct theoretical scattering calculation is also presented. To the best of our knowledge, the work reported herein describes for the first time a detailed relativistic photoionization calculation for this system, and the results are relevant to the laboratory and astrophysical plasmas.

A Profile of Entering Freshmen, North Carolina State University, Fall, 1975.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council, Kathryn A.

This profile of entering freshmen at North Carolina State University for fall 1975 presents statistical data and a descriptive summary of the data. Information is presented on the following: new freshman headcount enrollment by field of study by sex (1969-75) and by residence (in-state, national, or international); new freshman black enrollment…

3D shape recovery from image focus using gray level co-occurrence matrix

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahmood, Fahad; Munir, Umair; Mehmood, Fahad; Iqbal, Javaid

2018-04-01

Recovering a precise and accurate 3-D shape of the target object utilizing robust 3-D shape recovery algorithm is an ultimate objective of computer vision community. Focus measure algorithm plays an important role in this architecture which convert the color values of each pixel of the acquired 2-D image dataset into corresponding focus values. After convolving the focus measure filter with the input 2-D image dataset, a 3-D shape recovery approach is applied which will recover the depth map. In this document, we are concerned with proposing Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix along with its statistical features for computing the focus information of the image dataset. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix quantifies the texture present in the image using statistical features and then applies joint probability distributive function of the gray level pairs of the input image. Finally, we quantify the focus value of the input image using Gaussian Mixture Model. Due to its little computational complexity, sharp focus measure curve, robust to random noise sources and accuracy, it is considered as superior alternative to most of recently proposed 3-D shape recovery approaches. This algorithm is deeply investigated on real image sequences and synthetic image dataset. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is also compared with the state of art 3-D shape recovery approaches. Finally, by means of two global statistical measures, root mean square error and correlation, we claim that this approach -in spite of simplicity generates accurate results.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jin Fengtao; Yuan Jianmin

The experimental transmission spectrum of a hot bromine plasma [J. E. Bailey et al., J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 81, 31 (2003)] has been simulated by using a detailed level accounting model (DLA). With assumption of the local thermodynamic equilibrium, the major absorption lines of the experimental spectrum are well reproduced by the present DLA calculation, and the details of the absorption line shapes are used to determine the temperature of the plasma. In contrast to the results of two former statistical models, where the temperature was determined via a global fitting to the experimental data, the present DLA diagnosesmore » the plasma temperature by the line ratios of different charge states in the 2p{yields}3d transition groups resulting in a temperature of 37 eV. It is shown that a change of 1 eV in temperature could cause perceptible changes in the simulated spectrum. It is also shown that the 2p{sub 1/2}{yields}3d{sub 3/2} absorptions have been overestimated by the statistical models.« less

Symbolic Processing Combined with Model-Based Reasoning

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

James, Mark

2009-01-01

A computer program for the detection of present and prediction of future discrete states of a complex, real-time engineering system utilizes a combination of symbolic processing and numerical model-based reasoning. One of the biggest weaknesses of a purely symbolic approach is that it enables prediction of only future discrete states while missing all unmodeled states or leading to incorrect identification of an unmodeled state as a modeled one. A purely numerical approach is based on a combination of statistical methods and mathematical models of the applicable physics and necessitates development of a complete model to the level of fidelity required for prediction. In addition, a purely numerical approach does not afford the ability to qualify its results without some form of symbolic processing. The present software implements numerical algorithms to detect unmodeled events and symbolic algorithms to predict expected behavior, correlate the expected behavior with the unmodeled events, and interpret the results in order to predict future discrete states. The approach embodied in this software differs from that of the BEAM methodology (aspects of which have been discussed in several prior NASA Tech Briefs articles), which provides for prediction of future measurements in the continuous-data domain.

Rorschach Comprehensive System data for a sample of 52 older adult nonpatients from the United States.

PubMed

Pertchik, Kevin; Shaffer, Thomas W; Erdberg, Philip; Margolin, David Ira

2007-01-01

This study is composed of 52 older adults, ages 60 to 80, all from the United States. In addition to being administered the Rorschach (Rorschach, 1942), all participants also were administered the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R; Weschler, 1981), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989), the Neuro Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE; Kiernan, Mueller, Langston, & Van Dyke, 1987), and the Trail Making Test Part B (Reitan, 1958; Reitan & Wolfson, 1993). Examiners included the principal author as well as three other trained examiners. Inclusion criteria are described. Interrater reliability statistics at the response level are presented along with scores for the Rorschach Comprehensive System (CS; Exner, 1995).

Mississippi Public Library Statistics, 1998. The Annual Report of Mississippi Public Library Statistics, October 1, 1997 to September 30, 1998.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shurden, Lynn F., Comp.

The Mississippi Library Commission, which acquires and publishes usage data from each of the 46 public library systems and two independent public libraries in the state, reports the data presented in this publication to the Federal State Cooperative System (FSCS) for Public Library Data. First, a 2-year summary (1997-1998) for public library…

U.S. congressional district cancer death rates.

PubMed

Hao, Yongping; Ward, Elizabeth M; Jemal, Ahmedin; Pickle, Linda W; Thun, Michael J

2006-06-23

Geographic patterns of cancer death rates in the U.S. have customarily been presented by county or aggregated into state economic or health service areas. Herein, we present the geographic patterns of cancer death rates in the U.S. by congressional district. Many congressional districts do not follow state or county boundaries. However, counties are the smallest geographical units for which death rates are available. Thus, a method based on the hierarchical relationship of census geographic units was developed to estimate age-adjusted death rates for congressional districts using data obtained at county level. These rates may be useful in communicating to legislators and policy makers about the cancer burden and potential impact of cancer control in their jurisdictions. Mortality data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) for 1990-2001 for 50 states, the District of Columbia, and all counties. We computed annual average age-adjusted death rates for all cancer sites combined, the four major cancers (lung and bronchus, prostate, female breast, and colorectal cancer) and cervical cancer. Cancer death rates varied widely across congressional districts for all cancer sites combined, for the four major cancers, and for cervical cancer. When examined at the national level, broad patterns of mortality by sex, race and region were generally similar with those previously observed based on county and state economic area. We developed a method to generate cancer death rates by congressional district using county-level mortality data. Characterizing the cancer burden by congressional district may be useful in promoting cancer control and prevention programs, and persuading legislators to enact new cancer control programs and/or strengthening existing ones. The method can be applied to state legislative districts and other analyses that involve data aggregation from different geographic units.

U.S. congressional district cancer death rates

PubMed Central

Hao, Yongping; Ward, Elizabeth M; Jemal, Ahmedin; Pickle, Linda W; Thun, Michael J

2006-01-01

Background Geographic patterns of cancer death rates in the U.S. have customarily been presented by county or aggregated into state economic or health service areas. Herein, we present the geographic patterns of cancer death rates in the U.S. by congressional district. Many congressional districts do not follow state or county boundaries. However, counties are the smallest geographical units for which death rates are available. Thus, a method based on the hierarchical relationship of census geographic units was developed to estimate age-adjusted death rates for congressional districts using data obtained at county level. These rates may be useful in communicating to legislators and policy makers about the cancer burden and potential impact of cancer control in their jurisdictions. Results Mortality data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) for 1990–2001 for 50 states, the District of Columbia, and all counties. We computed annual average age-adjusted death rates for all cancer sites combined, the four major cancers (lung and bronchus, prostate, female breast, and colorectal cancer) and cervical cancer. Cancer death rates varied widely across congressional districts for all cancer sites combined, for the four major cancers, and for cervical cancer. When examined at the national level, broad patterns of mortality by sex, race and region were generally similar with those previously observed based on county and state economic area. Conclusion We developed a method to generate cancer death rates by congressional district using county-level mortality data. Characterizing the cancer burden by congressional district may be useful in promoting cancer control and prevention programs, and persuading legislators to enact new cancer control programs and/or strengthening existing ones. The method can be applied to state legislative districts and other analyses that involve data aggregation from different geographic units. PMID:16796732

Forest statistics of southern Indiana

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1951-01-01

This Survey Release presents the more significant preliminary statistics on the forest area and timber volume for each of the three regions of southern Indiana. A similar report will be published for the two northern Indiana regions. Later, an analytical report for the state will be published which will interpret statistics on forest area, timber- volume, growth, and...

Facts about Newspapers '86: A Statistical Summary of the Newspaper Business.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Newspaper Publishers Association, Washington, DC.

Attesting to the continuing economic strength and institutional vitality of the newspaper business in 1985, this booklet presents a statistical summary of the industry in the United States and Canada. The statistics cover a wide range of topics, including (1) number of daily newspapers, (2) daily newspaper circulation, (3) daily newspapers by…

Teaching Statistics in APA-Accredited Doctoral Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology: A Syllabi Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ord, Anna S.; Ripley, Jennifer S.; Hook, Joshua; Erspamer, Tiffany

2016-01-01

Although statistical methods and research design are crucial areas of competency for psychologists, few studies explore how statistics are taught across doctoral programs in psychology in the United States. The present study examined 153 American Psychological Association-accredited doctoral programs in clinical and counseling psychology and aimed…

Building a stronger child dental health system in Australia: statistical sampling masks the burden of dental disease distribution in Australian children.

PubMed

Tennant, M; Kruger, E

2014-01-01

In Australia, over the past 30 years, the prevalence of dental decay in children has reduced significantly, where today 60-70% of all 12-year-olds are caries free, and only 10% of children have more than two decayed teeth. However, many studies continue to report a small but significant subset of children suffering severe levels of decay. The present study applies Monte Carlo simulation to examine, at the national level, 12-year-old decayed, missing or filled teeth and shed light on both the statistical limitation of Australia's reporting to date as well as the problem of targeting high-risk children. A simulation for 273 000 Australian 12-year-old children found that moving from different levels of geographic clustering produced different statistical influences that drive different conclusions. At the high scale (ie state level) the gross averaging of the non-normally distributed disease burden masks the small subset of disease bearing children. At the much higher acuity of analysis (ie local government area) the risk of low numbers in the sample becomes a significant issue. The results clearly highlight the importance of care when examining the existing data, and, second, opportunities for far greater levels of targeting of services to children in need. The sustainability (and fairness) of universal coverage systems needs to be examined to ensure they remain highly targeted at disease burden, and not just focused on the children that are easy to reach (and suffer the least disease).

[Insights into the state of data about neglect and abuse of children in Germany. Possibilities and limitations of health, crime and social statistics].

PubMed

Fendrich, S; Pothmann, J

2010-10-01

The present database concerning the extent of neglect and abuse of children in Germany and accordingly the endangerment of their health and well-being has to be considered as deficient. Yet the degree of danger is indicated by sporadic empirical research as well as the police statistics on criminality, the health statistics and the official statistics on child and youth welfare. In contrast to the general public opinion the analyses of the available data have shown a stagnation in the infanticide rate at a historically low level and even a decline in infanticide in recent years. Meanwhile, according to statistics the sensitivity to the threats of neglect and abuse of children is increasing. Especially the clarification of the order for protection in the Child and Youth Welfare Act (§ 8a SGB VIII) contributed to the raised interest and attention from child and youth welfare services. However, these contexts are insufficiently researched, which makes an improvement of the database inevitable. Therefore, a continuous registration and documentation of cases of child neglect and abuse is necessary. A promising option to attain a significant database is a routine collection of data in the context of an official statistic by the child and youth welfare departments.

The Relationship between the Rigor of a State's Proficiency Standard and Student Achievement in the State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoneberg, Bert D.

2015-01-01

The National Center of Education Statistics conducted a mapping study that equated the percentage proficient or above on each state's NCLB reading and mathematics tests in grades 4 and 8 to the NAEP scale. Each "NAEP equivalent score" was labeled according to NAEP's achievement levels and used to compare state proficiency standards and…

Statistical Supplement to the Annual Report of the Coordinating Board, Texas College and University System for the Fiscal Year 1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Coll. and Univ. System, Austin. Coordinating Board.

Comprehensive statistical data on Texas higher education is presented. Data and formulas relating to student enrollments and faculty headcounts, program development and productivity, faculty salaries and teaching loads, campus development, funding, and the state student load program are included. Student headcount enrollment data are presented by…

[The effects of hatha yoga exercises on stress and anxiety levels in mastectomized women].

PubMed

Bernardi, Marina Lima Daleprane; Amorim, Maria Helena Costa; Zandonade, Eliana; Santaella, Danilo Forghieri; Barbosa, Juliana de Assis Novais

2013-12-01

This article seeks to evaluate the effects of hatha yoga on stress and anxiety levels in mastectomized women. It also investigates the relationship between these levels with the following variables: age; marital status; religion; instruction; profession; smoke addiction; elitism; staging of the disease; and treatment phase. This involved controlled random clinical trial sampling of 45 mastectomized women treated at the Ilza Bianco outpatient service of Santa Rita de Cássia Hospital in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo from March to November 2010. The experimental group participated in 6 individually-applied sessions with incentive for ongoing home practice and was re-evaluated after the period, whereas the control group was re-evaluated after a proportional period. For the study of the variables, the interview and recording on a form technique was used, along with the Anxiety Trait and State Test, and the Stress Symptoms and Signs Test. For statistical treatment, the Statistical Pack for Social Sciences was used. The data are statistically significant and have shown that hatha yoga exercises decrease stress and anxiety in the experimental group. No connection between confounding variables and anxiety and stress levels was found.

A Statistical Approach to Establishing Subsystem Environmental Test Specifications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Keegan, W. B.

1974-01-01

Results are presented of a research task to evaluate structural responses at various subsystem mounting locations during spacecraft level test exposures to the environments of mechanical shock, acoustic noise, and random vibration. This statistical evaluation is presented in the form of recommended subsystem test specifications for these three environments as normalized to a reference set of spacecraft test levels and are thus suitable for extrapolation to a set of different spacecraft test levels. The recommendations are dependent upon a subsystem's mounting location in a spacecraft, and information is presented on how to determine this mounting zone for a given subsystem.

Is Exposure to Income Inequality a Public Health Concern? Lagged Effects of Income Inequality on Individual and Population Health

PubMed Central

Mellor, Jennifer M; Milyo, Jeffrey

2003-01-01

Objective To examine the health consequences of exposure to income inequality. Data Sources Secondary analysis employing data from several publicly available sources. Measures of individual health status and other individual characteristics are obtained from the March Current Population Survey (CPS). State-level income inequality is measured by the Gini coefficient based on family income, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau and Al-Samarrie and Miller (1967). State-level mortality rates are from the Vital Statistics of the United States; other state-level characteristics are from U.S. census data as reported in the Statistical Abstract of the United States. Study Design We examine the effects of state-level income inequality lagged from 5 to 29 years on individual health by estimating probit models of poor/fair health status for samples of adults aged 25–74 in the 1995 through 1999 March CPS. We control for several individual characteristics, including educational attainment and household income, as well as regional fixed effects. We use multivariate regression to estimate the effects of income inequality lagged 10 and 20 years on state-level mortality rates for 1990, 1980, 1970, and 1960. Principal Findings Lagged income inequality is not significantly associated with individual health status after controlling for regional fixed effects. Lagged income inequality is not associated with all cause mortality, but associated with reduced mortality from cardiovascular disease and malignant neoplasms, after controlling for state fixed-effects. Conclusions In contrast to previous studies that fail to control for regional variations in health outcomes, we find little support for the contention that exposure to income inequality is detrimental to either individual or population health. PMID:12650385

Risk-based Methodology for Validation of Pharmaceutical Batch Processes.

PubMed

Wiles, Frederick

2013-01-01

In January 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration published new process validation guidance for pharmaceutical processes. The new guidance debunks the long-held industry notion that three consecutive validation batches or runs are all that are required to demonstrate that a process is operating in a validated state. Instead, the new guidance now emphasizes that the level of monitoring and testing performed during process performance qualification (PPQ) studies must be sufficient to demonstrate statistical confidence both within and between batches. In some cases, three qualification runs may not be enough. Nearly two years after the guidance was first published, little has been written defining a statistical methodology for determining the number of samples and qualification runs required to satisfy Stage 2 requirements of the new guidance. This article proposes using a combination of risk assessment, control charting, and capability statistics to define the monitoring and testing scheme required to show that a pharmaceutical batch process is operating in a validated state. In this methodology, an assessment of process risk is performed through application of a process failure mode, effects, and criticality analysis (PFMECA). The output of PFMECA is used to select appropriate levels of statistical confidence and coverage which, in turn, are used in capability calculations to determine when significant Stage 2 (PPQ) milestones have been met. The achievement of Stage 2 milestones signals the release of batches for commercial distribution and the reduction of monitoring and testing to commercial production levels. Individuals, moving range, and range/sigma charts are used in conjunction with capability statistics to demonstrate that the commercial process is operating in a state of statistical control. The new process validation guidance published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in January of 2011 indicates that the number of process validation batches or runs required to demonstrate that a pharmaceutical process is operating in a validated state should be based on sound statistical principles. The old rule of "three consecutive batches and you're done" is no longer sufficient. The guidance, however, does not provide any specific methodology for determining the number of runs required, and little has been published to augment this shortcoming. The paper titled "Risk-based Methodology for Validation of Pharmaceutical Batch Processes" describes a statistically sound methodology for determining when a statistically valid number of validation runs has been acquired based on risk assessment and calculation of process capability.

A Review on Application of Computers in Education inside and outside of Iran

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mahboudi, Hamid Reza; Farrokhi, Farahman; Ansarin, Ali Akbar

2017-01-01

This paper first presents an overview of the Digital Natives claim made by Prensky (2001) and its characteristics. Secondly, focusing on the Iranian context, the paper examines the reports of UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS, 2014), the present state of ICT integration in education in national research, and the present state of ICT integration…

Potential risk for healthy siblings to develop schizophrenia: evidence from pattern classification with whole-brain connectivity.

PubMed

Liu, Meijie; Zeng, Ling-Li; Shen, Hui; Liu, Zhening; Hu, Dewen

2012-03-28

Recent resting-state functional connectivity MRI studies using group-level statistical analysis have demonstrated the inheritable characters of schizophrenia. The objective of the present study was to use pattern classification as a means to investigate schizophrenia inheritance based on the whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity at the individual subject level. One-against-one pattern classifications were made amongst three groups (i.e. patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, healthy siblings, and healthy controls after preprocessing), resulting in an 80.4% separation between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, a 77.6% separation between schizophrenia patients and their healthy siblings, and a 78.7% separation between healthy siblings and healthy controls, respectively. These results suggest that the healthy siblings of schizophrenia patients have an altered resting-state functional connectivity pattern compared with healthy controls. Thus, healthy siblings may have a potential higher risk for developing schizophrenia compared with the general population. Moreover, this pattern differed from that of schizophrenia patients and may contribute to the normal behavior exhibition of healthy siblings in daily life.

Entropy production in mesoscopic stochastic thermodynamics: nonequilibrium kinetic cycles driven by chemical potentials, temperatures, and mechanical forces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qian, Hong; Kjelstrup, Signe; Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.; Bedeaux, Dick

2016-04-01

Nonequilibrium thermodynamics (NET) investigates processes in systems out of global equilibrium. On a mesoscopic level, it provides a statistical dynamic description of various complex phenomena such as chemical reactions, ion transport, diffusion, thermochemical, thermomechanical and mechanochemical fluxes. In the present review, we introduce a mesoscopic stochastic formulation of NET by analyzing entropy production in several simple examples. The fundamental role of nonequilibrium steady-state cycle kinetics is emphasized. The statistical mechanics of Onsager’s reciprocal relations in this context is elucidated. Chemomechanical, thermomechanical, and enzyme-catalyzed thermochemical energy transduction processes are discussed. It is argued that mesoscopic stochastic NET in phase space provides a rigorous mathematical basis of fundamental concepts needed for understanding complex processes in chemistry, physics and biology. This theory is also relevant for nanoscale technological advances.

Investigating the Group-Level Impact of Advanced Dual-Echo fMRI Combinations

PubMed Central

Kettinger, Ádám; Hill, Christopher; Vidnyánszky, Zoltán; Windischberger, Christian; Nagy, Zoltán

2016-01-01

Multi-echo fMRI data acquisition has been widely investigated and suggested to optimize sensitivity for detecting the BOLD signal. Several methods have also been proposed for the combination of data with different echo times. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether these advanced echo combination methods provide advantages over the simple averaging of echoes when state-of-the-art group-level random-effect analyses are performed. Both resting-state and task-based dual-echo fMRI data were collected from 27 healthy adult individuals (14 male, mean age = 25.75 years) using standard echo-planar acquisition methods at 3T. Both resting-state and task-based data were subjected to a standard image pre-processing pipeline. Subsequently the two echoes were combined as a weighted average, using four different strategies for calculating the weights: (1) simple arithmetic averaging, (2) BOLD sensitivity weighting, (3) temporal-signal-to-noise ratio weighting and (4) temporal BOLD sensitivity weighting. Our results clearly show that the simple averaging of data with the different echoes is sufficient. Advanced echo combination methods may provide advantages on a single-subject level but when considering random-effects group level statistics they provide no benefit regarding sensitivity (i.e., group-level t-values) compared to the simple echo-averaging approach. One possible reason for the lack of clear advantages may be that apart from increasing the average BOLD sensitivity at the single-subject level, the advanced weighted averaging methods also inflate the inter-subject variance. As the echo combination methods provide very similar results, the recommendation is to choose between them depending on the availability of time for collecting additional resting-state data or whether subject-level or group-level analyses are planned. PMID:28018165

Random matrices and condensation into multiple states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadeghi, Sina; Engel, Andreas

2018-03-01

In the present work, we employ methods from statistical mechanics of disordered systems to investigate static properties of condensation into multiple states in a general framework. We aim at showing how typical properties of random interaction matrices play a vital role in manifesting the statistics of condensate states. In particular, an analytical expression for the fraction of condensate states in the thermodynamic limit is provided that confirms the result of the mean number of coexisting species in a random tournament game. We also study the interplay between the condensation problem and zero-sum games with correlated random payoff matrices.

Communicating Evidence-Based Information on Cancer Prevention to State-Level Policy Makers

PubMed Central

Dodson, Elizabeth A.; Stamatakis, Katherine A.; Casey, Christopher M.; Elliott, Michael B.; Luke, Douglas A.; Wintrode, Christopher G.; Kreuter, Matthew W.

2011-01-01

Background Opportunities exist to disseminate evidence-based cancer control strategies to state-level policy makers in both the legislative and executive branches. We explored factors that influence the likelihood that state-level policy makers will find a policy brief understandable, credible, and useful. Methods A systematic approach was used to develop four types of policy briefs on the topic of mammography screening to reduce breast cancer mortality: data-focused brief with state-level data, data-focused brief with local-level data, story-focused brief with state-level data, and story-focused brief with local-level data. Participants were recruited from three groups of state-level policy makers—legislative staff, legislators, and executive branch administrators— in six states that were randomly chosen after stratifying all 50 states by population size and dominant political party in state legislature. Participants from each of the three policy groups were randomly assigned to receive one of the four types of policy briefs and completed a questionnaire that included a series of Likert scale items. Primary outcomes—whether the brief was understandable, credible, likely to be used, and likely to be shared—were measured by a 5-point Likert scale according to the degree of agreement (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and with classification trees. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Data on response to the policy briefs (n = 291) were collected from February through December 2009 (overall response rate = 35%). All three policy groups found the briefs to be understandable and credible, with mean ratings that ranged from 4.3 to 4.5. The likelihood of using the brief (the dependent variable) differed statistically significantly by study condition for staffers (P = .041) and for legislators (P = .018). Staffers found the story-focused brief containing state-level data most useful, whereas legislators found the data-focused brief containing state-level data most useful. Exploratory classification trees showed distinctive patterns for brief usefulness across the three policy groups. Conclusion Our results suggest that taking a “one-size-fits-all” approach when delivering information to policy makers may be less effective than communicating information based on the type of policy maker. PMID:21212381

Criteria for a State-of-the-Art Vision Test System

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-05-01

tests are enumerated for possible inclusion in a battery of candidate vision tests to be statistically examined for validity as predictors of aircrew...derived subset thereof) of vision tests may be given to a series of individuals, and statistical tests may be used to determine which visual functions...no target. Statistical analysis of the responses would set a threshold level, which would define the smallest size - (most distant target) or least

CWD prevalence, perceived human health risks, and state influences on deer hunting participation.

PubMed

Vaske, Jerry J; Lyon, Katie M

2011-03-01

This study examined factors predicted by previous research to influence hunters' decisions to stop hunting deer in a state. Data were obtained from mail surveys of resident and nonresident deer hunters in Arizona, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin (n = 3,518). Hunters were presented with six scenarios depicting hypothetical CWD prevalence levels and human health risks from the disease (e.g., death), and asked if they would continue or stop hunting deer in the state. Bivariate analyses examined the influence of five predictor variables: (a) CWD prevalence, (b) hypothetical human death from CWD, (c) perceived human health risks from CWD, (d) state, and (e) residency. In the bivariate analyses, prevalence was the strongest predictor of quitting hunting in the state followed by hypothetical human death and perceived risk. The presence of CWD in a state and residency were weak, but statistically significant, predictors. Interactions among these predictors increased the potential for stopping hunting in the state. Multivariate analyses suggested that 64% of our respondents would quit hunting in the worst-case scenario. © 2010 Society for Risk Analysis.

Public School Library Media Centers in South Carolina: A Survey of Service Levels Offered. Conducted during School Year 1988/1989.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Townsend, Catherine M.

A state-wide survey was undertaken in 1988-1989 to determine the status of the library media programs in South Carolina's public schools. The first of two phases of the study involved the compilation of statistical data reported to the State Department of Education by building level administrators on the Basic Educational Data System (BEDS) for…

Exact Local Correlations and Full Counting Statistics for Arbitrary States of the One-Dimensional Interacting Bose Gas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bastianello, Alvise; Piroli, Lorenzo; Calabrese, Pasquale

2018-05-01

We derive exact analytic expressions for the n -body local correlations in the one-dimensional Bose gas with contact repulsive interactions (Lieb-Liniger model) in the thermodynamic limit. Our results are valid for arbitrary states of the model, including ground and thermal states, stationary states after a quantum quench, and nonequilibrium steady states arising in transport settings. Calculations for these states are explicitly presented and physical consequences are critically discussed. We also show that the n -body local correlations are directly related to the full counting statistics for the particle-number fluctuations in a short interval, for which we provide an explicit analytic result.

Facts about Newspapers '87: A Statistical Summary of the Newspaper Business.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Newspaper Publishers Association, Washington, DC.

Attesting to the continuing economic strength and institutional vitality of the newspaper business in 1987, this booklet presents a statistical summary of the industry in the United States and Canada. The statistics cover a wide range of topics, including (1) number of daily newspapers; (2) daily newspaper circulation; (3) single copy sales price;…

Alternate Forms of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Devito, Anthony J.; Kubis, Joseph F.

1983-01-01

Alternate forms of the state anxiety (A-State) and trait anxiety (A-Trait) scales of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were constructed by dividing the 20 items of each scale into two briefer forms having 10 items each. The alternate forms and item statistics are presented. (Author/BW)

Statistics of excitations in the electron glass model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Palassini, Matteo

2011-03-01

We study the statistics of elementary excitations in the classical electron glass model of localized electrons interacting via the unscreened Coulomb interaction in the presence of disorder. We reconsider the long-standing puzzle of the exponential suppression of the single-particle density of states near the Fermi level, by measuring accurately the density of states of charged and electron-hole pair excitations via finite temperature Monte Carlo simulation and zero-temperature relaxation. We also investigate the statistics of large charge rearrangements after a perturbation of the system, which may shed some light on the slow relaxation and glassy phenomena recently observed in a variety of Anderson insulators. In collaboration with Martin Goethe.

Noninformative prior in the quantum statistical model of pure states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanaka, Fuyuhiko

2012-06-01

In the present paper, we consider a suitable definition of a noninformative prior on the quantum statistical model of pure states. While the full pure-states model is invariant under unitary rotation and admits the Haar measure, restricted models, which we often see in quantum channel estimation and quantum process tomography, have less symmetry and no compelling rationale for any choice. We adopt a game-theoretic approach that is applicable to classical Bayesian statistics and yields a noninformative prior for a general class of probability distributions. We define the quantum detection game and show that there exist noninformative priors for a general class of a pure-states model. Theoretically, it gives one of the ways that we represent ignorance on the given quantum system with partial information. Practically, our method proposes a default distribution on the model in order to use the Bayesian technique in the quantum-state tomography with a small sample.

Inventory of power plants in the United States as of January 1, 1998

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

The Inventory of Power Plants in the United States provides annual statistics on generating units operated by electric utilities in the US (the 50 States and the District of Columbia). Statistics presented in this report reflect the status of generating units as of January 1, 1998. The publication also provides a 10-year outlook for generating unit additions and generating unit changes. This report is prepared annually by the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Data summarized in this report are useful to a wide audience. This is a report of electric utility data; in cases where summary data or nonconfidential data ofmore » nonutilities are presented, it is specifically noted as nonutility data. 19 figs., 36 tabs.« less

Learning Object Names at Different Hierarchical Levels Using Cross-Situational Statistics.

PubMed

Chen, Chi-Hsin; Zhang, Yayun; Yu, Chen

2018-05-01

Objects in the world usually have names at different hierarchical levels (e.g., beagle, dog, animal). This research investigates adults' ability to use cross-situational statistics to simultaneously learn object labels at individual and category levels. The results revealed that adults were able to use co-occurrence information to learn hierarchical labels in contexts where the labels for individual objects and labels for categories were presented in completely separated blocks, in interleaved blocks, or mixed in the same trial. Temporal presentation schedules significantly affected the learning of individual object labels, but not the learning of category labels. Learners' subsequent generalization of category labels indicated sensitivity to the structure of statistical input. Copyright © 2017 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

2015 TRI National Analysis: Toxics Release Inventory Releases at Various Summary Levels

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The TRI National Analysis is EPA's annual interpretation of TRI data at various summary levels. It highlights how toxic chemical wastes were managed, where toxic chemicals were released and how the 2015 TRI data compare to data from previous years. This dataset reports US state, county, large aquatic ecosystem, metro/micropolitan statistical area, and facility level statistics from 2015 TRI releases, including information on: number of 2015 TRI facilities in the geographic area and their releases (total, water, air, land); population information, including populations living within 1 mile of TRI facilities (total, minority, in poverty); and Risk Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI) model related pounds, toxicity-weighted pounds, and RSEI score. The source of administrative boundary data is the 2013 cartographic boundary shapefiles. Location of facilities is provided by EPA's Facility Registry Service (FRS). Large Aquatic Ecosystems boundaries were dissolved from the hydrologic unit boundaries and codes for the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It was revised for inclusion in the National Atlas of the United States of America (November 2002), and updated to match the streams file created by the USGS National Mapping Division (NMD) for the National Atlas of the United States of America.

Long-term (1930-2010) trends in groundwater levels in Texas: influences of soils, landcover and water use.

PubMed

Chaudhuri, Sriroop; Ale, Srinivasulu

2014-08-15

Rapid groundwater depletion has raised grave concerns about sustainable development in many parts of Texas, as well as in other parts of the world. Previous hydrologic investigations on groundwater levels in Texas were conducted mostly on aquifer-specific basis, and hence lacked state-wide panoramic view. The aim of this study was to present a qualitative overview of long-term (1930-2010) trends in groundwater levels in Texas and identify spatial patterns by applying different statistical (boxplots, correlation-regression, hierarchical cluster analysis) and geospatial techniques (Moran's I, Local Indicators of Spatial Association) on 136,930 groundwater level observations from Texas Water Development Board's database. State-wide decadal median water-levels declined from about 14 m from land surface in the 1930s to about 36 m in the 2000s. Number of counties with deeper median water-levels (water-level depth>100 m) increased from 2 to 13 between 1930s and 2000s, accompanied by a decrease in number of counties having shallower median water-levels (water-level depth<25 m) from 134 to 113. Water-level declines across Texas, however, mostly followed logarithmic trends marked by leveling-off phenomena in recent times. Assessment of water-levels by Groundwater Management Areas (GMA), management units created to address groundwater depletion issues, indicated hotspots of deep water-levels in Texas Panhandle and GMA 8 since the 1960s. Contrasting patterns in water use, landcover, geology and soil properties distinguished Texas Panhandle from GMA 8. Irrigated agriculture is the major cause of depletion in the Texas Panhandle as compared to increasing urbanization in GMA 8. Overall our study indicated that use of robust spatial and statistical methods can reveal important details about the trends in water-level changes and shed lights on the associated factors. Due to very generic nature, techniques used in this study can also be applied to other areas with similar eco-hydrologic issues to identify regions that warrant future management actions. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A unified physical model of Seebeck coefficient in amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Nianduan; Li, Ling; Sun, Pengxiao; Banerjee, Writam; Liu, Ming

2014-09-01

A unified physical model for Seebeck coefficient was presented based on the multiple-trapping and release theory for amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors. According to the proposed model, the Seebeck coefficient is attributed to the Fermi-Dirac statistics combined with the energy dependent trap density of states and the gate-voltage dependence of the quasi-Fermi level. The simulation results show that the gate voltage, energy disorder, and temperature dependent Seebeck coefficient can be well described. The calculation also shows a good agreement with the experimental data in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistor.

Vibrational population of the A super 3 sigma sub u/+/ and B super 3 pi sub g states of N2 in normal auroras.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cartwright, D. C.; Trajmar, S.; Williams, W.

1971-01-01

Use of new electron impact excitation cross sections for the six lowest triplet states (A, B, W, C, E, D) of N2, and solution of the coupled equations of statistical equilibrium to obtain the vibrational population of each electronic state. The results show that cascade from high levels of the A super 3 sigma sub u(+) state and from the W super 3 delta sub u state is significant in populating the lower vibrational levels of the B state and hence the character of its ?apparent' excitation cross sections. For the B state excited under auroral conditions, the fraction of the total population due to cascade processes exceeds 25% for all levels lower than 7 and is greater than 80% for B(v' = 0). For the A state under similar conditions, cascade from the B state contributes 50% or more of the total vibrational population for levels lower than 7, and 80% or more for levels below 4. For levels of the A state greater than 7, the A yields B transitions depopulate the levels rapidly and indicate that the Vegard-Kaplan emissions from these higher levels will be weak or totally absent in normal auroras.

Nonelastic nuclear reactions and accompanying gamma radiation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Snow, R.; Rosner, H. R.; George, M. C.; Hayes, J. D.

1971-01-01

Several aspects of nonelastic nuclear reactions which proceed through the formation of a compound nucleus are dealt with. The full statistical model and the partial statistical model are described and computer programs based on these models are presented along with operating instructions and input and output for sample problems. A theoretical development of the expression for the reaction cross section for the hybrid case which involves a combination of the continuum aspects of the full statistical model with the discrete level aspects of the partial statistical model is presented. Cross sections for level excitation and gamma production by neutron inelastic scattering from the nuclei Al-27, Fe-56, Si-28, and Pb-208 are calculated and compared with avaliable experimental data.

Cardiac surgery report cards: comprehensive review and statistical critique.

PubMed

Shahian, D M; Normand, S L; Torchiana, D F; Lewis, S M; Pastore, J O; Kuntz, R E; Dreyer, P I

2001-12-01

Public report cards and confidential, collaborative peer education represent distinctly different approaches to cardiac surgery quality assessment and improvement. This review discusses the controversies regarding their methodology and relative effectiveness. Report cards have been the more commonly used approach, typically as a result of state legislation. They are based on the presumption that publication of outcomes effectively motivates providers, and that market forces will reward higher quality. Numerous studies have challenged the validity of these hypotheses. Furthermore, although states with report cards have reported significant decreases in risk-adjusted mortality, it is unclear whether this improvement resulted from public disclosure or, rather, from the development of internal quality programs by hospitals. An additional confounding factor is the nationwide decline in heart surgery mortality, including states without quality monitoring. Finally, report cards may engender negative behaviors such as high-risk case avoidance and "gaming" of the reporting system, especially if individual surgeon results are published. The alternative approach, continuous quality improvement, may provide an opportunity to enhance performance and reduce interprovider variability while avoiding the unintended negative consequences of report cards. This collaborative method, which uses exchange visits between programs and determination of best practice, has been highly effective in northern New England and in the Veterans Affairs Administration. However, despite their potential advantages, quality programs based solely on confidential continuous quality improvement do not address the issue of public accountability. For this reason, some states may continue to mandate report cards. In such instances, it is imperative that appropriate statistical techniques and report formats are used, and that professional organizations simultaneously implement continuous quality improvement programs. The statistical methodology underlying current report cards is flawed, and does not justify the degree of accuracy presented to the public. All existing risk-adjustment methods have substantial inherent imprecision, and this is compounded when the results of such patient-level models are aggregated and used inappropriately to assess provider performance. Specific problems include sample size differences, clustering of observations, multiple comparisons, and failure to account for the random component of interprovider variability. We advocate the use of hierarchical or multilevel statistical models to address these concerns, as well as report formats that emphasize the statistical uncertainty of the results.

Fuel oil and kerosene sales 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1997-08-01

The Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 1996 report provides information, illustrations and State-level statistical data on end-use sales of kerosene; No. 1, No. 2, and No. 4 distillate fuel oil; and residual fuel oil. State-level kerosene sales include volumes for residential, commercial, industrial, farm, and all other uses. State-level distillate sales include volumes for residential, commercial, industrial, oil company, railroad, vessel bunkering, military, electric utility, farm, on-highway, off highway construction, and other uses. State-level residual fuel sales include volumes for commercial, industrial, oil company, vessel bunkering, military, electric utility, and other uses. The Petroleum Marketing Division, Office of Oil andmore » Gas, Energy Information Administration ensures the accuracy, quality, and confidentiality of the published data in the Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 1996. 24 tabs.« less

Permutation glass.

PubMed

Williams, Mobolaji

2018-01-01

The field of disordered systems in statistical physics provides many simple models in which the competing influences of thermal and nonthermal disorder lead to new phases and nontrivial thermal behavior of order parameters. In this paper, we add a model to the subject by considering a disordered system where the state space consists of various orderings of a list. As in spin glasses, the disorder of such "permutation glasses" arises from a parameter in the Hamiltonian being drawn from a distribution of possible values, thus allowing nominally "incorrect orderings" to have lower energies than "correct orderings" in the space of permutations. We analyze a Gaussian, uniform, and symmetric Bernoulli distribution of energy costs, and, by employing Jensen's inequality, derive a simple condition requiring the permutation glass to always transition to the correctly ordered state at a temperature lower than that of the nondisordered system, provided that this correctly ordered state is accessible. We in turn find that in order for the correctly ordered state to be accessible, the probability that an incorrectly ordered component is energetically favored must be less than the inverse of the number of components in the system. We show that all of these results are consistent with a replica symmetric ansatz of the system. We conclude by arguing that there is no distinct permutation glass phase for the simplest model considered here and by discussing how to extend the analysis to more complex Hamiltonians capable of novel phase behavior and replica symmetry breaking. Finally, we outline an apparent correspondence between the presented system and a discrete-energy-level fermion gas. In all, the investigation introduces a class of exactly soluble models into statistical mechanics and provides a fertile ground to investigate statistical models of disorder.

A Complete Set of Radiative and Auger Rates for K-vacancy States in Fe XVIII-Fe-XXV

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmeri, P.; Mendoza, C.; Kallman, T. R.; Bautista, M. A.

2003-01-01

A complete set of level energies, wavelengths, A-values, and total and partial Auger rates have been computed for transitions involving the K-vacancy states within the n = 2 complex of Fe XVIII-Fe XXV. Three different standard numerical packages are used for this purpose, namel y AUTOSTRUCTURE, the Breit-Pauli R-matrix suite (BPRM) and HFR, which allow reliable estimates of the physical effects involved and of the accuracy of the resulting data sets. The Breit interaction is taken i nto account because its contributions to the small A-values and partial Auger rates cannot be neglected with increasing electron occupancy. Semiempirical adjustments can also lead to large differences in both the radiative and Auger decay data of strongly mixed levels. Several experimental level energies and wavelengths are questioned, and significant discrepancies are found with previously computed decay rates th at are attributed to numerical problems. The statistical accuracy of the present level energies and wavelengths is ranked at +/-3 eV and +/ -2 mA, respectively, and that for A-values and partial Auger rates greater than lO(exp 13)/s at better than 20%.

A ganglion-cell-based primary image representation method and its contribution to object recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Hui; Dai, Zhi-Long; Zuo, Qing-Song

2016-10-01

A visual stimulus is represented by the biological visual system at several levels: in the order from low to high levels, they are: photoreceptor cells, ganglion cells (GCs), lateral geniculate nucleus cells and visual cortical neurons. Retinal GCs at the early level need to represent raw data only once, but meet a wide number of diverse requests from different vision-based tasks. This means the information representation at this level is general and not task-specific. Neurobiological findings have attributed this universal adaptation to GCs' receptive field (RF) mechanisms. For the purposes of developing a highly efficient image representation method that can facilitate information processing and interpretation at later stages, here we design a computational model to simulate the GC's non-classical RF. This new image presentation method can extract major structural features from raw data, and is consistent with other statistical measures of the image. Based on the new representation, the performances of other state-of-the-art algorithms in contour detection and segmentation can be upgraded remarkably. This work concludes that applying sophisticated representation schema at early state is an efficient and promising strategy in visual information processing.

Number-phase entropic squeezing and nonclassical properties of a three-level atom interacting with a two-mode field: intensity-dependent coupling, deformed Kerr medium, and detuning effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Faghihi, Mohammad Javad; Tavassoly, Mohammad Kazem

2013-11-01

In this paper, we follow our presented model in J. Opt. Soc. Am. B {\\bf 30}, 1109--1117 (2013), in which the interaction between a $\\Lambda$-type three-level atom and a quantized two-mode radiation field in a cavity in the presence of nonlinearities is studied. After giving a brief review on the procedure of obtaining the state vector of the atom-field system, some further interesting and important physical features (which are of particular interest in the quantum optics field of research) of the whole system state, i.e., the number-phase entropic uncertainty relation (based on the two-mode Pegg-Barnett formalism) and some of the nonclassicality signs consist of sub-Poissonian statistics, Cauchy-Schwartz inequality and two kinds of squeezing phenomenon are investigated. During our presentation, the effects of intensity-dependent coupling, deformed Kerr medium and the detuning parameters on the depth and domain of each of the mentioned nonclassical criteria of the considered quantum system are studied, in detail. It is shown that each of the mentioned nonclassicality aspects can be obtained by appropriately choosing the related parameters.

Third law of thermodynamics as a key test of generalized entropies.

PubMed

Bento, E P; Viswanathan, G M; da Luz, M G E; Silva, R

2015-02-01

The laws of thermodynamics constrain the formulation of statistical mechanics at the microscopic level. The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy must vanish at absolute zero temperature for systems with nondegenerate ground states in equilibrium. Conversely, the entropy can vanish only at absolute zero temperature. Here we ask whether or not generalized entropies satisfy this fundamental property. We propose a direct analytical procedure to test if a generalized entropy satisfies the third law, assuming only very general assumptions for the entropy S and energy U of an arbitrary N-level classical system. Mathematically, the method relies on exact calculation of β=dS/dU in terms of the microstate probabilities p(i). To illustrate this approach, we present exact results for the two best known generalizations of statistical mechanics. Specifically, we study the Kaniadakis entropy S(κ), which is additive, and the Tsallis entropy S(q), which is nonadditive. We show that the Kaniadakis entropy correctly satisfies the third law only for -1<κ<+1, thereby shedding light on why κ is conventionally restricted to this interval. Surprisingly, however, the Tsallis entropy violates the third law for q<1. Finally, we give a concrete example of the power of our proposed method by applying it to a paradigmatic system: the one-dimensional ferromagnetic Ising model with nearest-neighbor interactions.

ampliMethProfiler: a pipeline for the analysis of CpG methylation profiles of targeted deep bisulfite sequenced amplicons.

PubMed

Scala, Giovanni; Affinito, Ornella; Palumbo, Domenico; Florio, Ermanno; Monticelli, Antonella; Miele, Gennaro; Chiariotti, Lorenzo; Cocozza, Sergio

2016-11-25

CpG sites in an individual molecule may exist in a binary state (methylated or unmethylated) and each individual DNA molecule, containing a certain number of CpGs, is a combination of these states defining an epihaplotype. Classic quantification based approaches to study DNA methylation are intrinsically unable to fully represent the complexity of the underlying methylation substrate. Epihaplotype based approaches, on the other hand, allow methylation profiles of cell populations to be studied at the single molecule level. For such investigations, next-generation sequencing techniques can be used, both for quantitative and for epihaplotype analysis. Currently available tools for methylation analysis lack output formats that explicitly report CpG methylation profiles at the single molecule level and that have suited statistical tools for their interpretation. Here we present ampliMethProfiler, a python-based pipeline for the extraction and statistical epihaplotype analysis of amplicons from targeted deep bisulfite sequencing of multiple DNA regions. ampliMethProfiler tool provides an easy and user friendly way to extract and analyze the epihaplotype composition of reads from targeted bisulfite sequencing experiments. ampliMethProfiler is written in python language and requires a local installation of BLAST and (optionally) QIIME tools. It can be run on Linux and OS X platforms. The software is open source and freely available at http://amplimethprofiler.sourceforge.net .

Combinatorial interpretation of Haldane-Wu fractional exclusion statistics.

PubMed

Aringazin, A K; Mazhitov, M I

2002-08-01

Assuming that the maximal allowed number of identical particles in a state is an integer parameter, q, we derive the statistical weight and analyze the associated equation that defines the statistical distribution. The derived distribution covers Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein ones in the particular cases q=1 and q--> infinity (n(i)/q-->1), respectively. We show that the derived statistical weight provides a natural combinatorial interpretation of Haldane-Wu fractional exclusion statistics, and present exact solutions of the distribution equation.

Estimating maximum instantaneous distortion from inlet total pressure rms and PSD measurements. [Root Mean Square and Power Spectral Density methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Melick, H. C., Jr.; Ybarra, A. H.; Bencze, D. P.

1975-01-01

An inexpensive method is developed to determine the extreme values of instantaneous inlet distortion. This method also provides insight into the basic mechanics of unsteady inlet flow and the associated engine reaction. The analysis is based on fundamental fluid dynamics and statistical methods to provide an understanding of the turbulent inlet flow and quantitatively relate the rms level and power spectral density (PSD) function of the measured time variant total pressure fluctuations to the strength and size of the low pressure regions. The most probable extreme value of the instantaneous distortion is then synthesized from this information in conjunction with the steady state distortion. Results of the analysis show the extreme values to be dependent upon the steady state distortion, the measured turbulence rms level and PSD function, the time on point, and the engine response characteristics. Analytical projections of instantaneous distortion are presented and compared with data obtained by a conventional, highly time correlated, 40 probe instantaneous pressure measurement system.

Acoustic Prediction State of the Art Assessment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dahl, Milo D.

2007-01-01

The acoustic assessment task for both the Subsonic Fixed Wing and the Supersonic projects under NASA s Fundamental Aeronautics Program was designed to assess the current state-of-the-art in noise prediction capability and to establish baselines for gauging future progress. The documentation of our current capabilities included quantifying the differences between predictions of noise from computer codes and measurements of noise from experimental tests. Quantifying the accuracy of both the computed and experimental results further enhanced the credibility of the assessment. This presentation gives sample results from codes representative of NASA s capabilities in aircraft noise prediction both for systems and components. These include semi-empirical, statistical, analytical, and numerical codes. System level results are shown for both aircraft and engines. Component level results are shown for a landing gear prototype, for fan broadband noise, for jet noise from a subsonic round nozzle, and for propulsion airframe aeroacoustic interactions. Additional results are shown for modeling of the acoustic behavior of duct acoustic lining and the attenuation of sound in lined ducts with flow.

A triaxial accelerometer-based physical-activity recognition via augmented-signal features and a hierarchical recognizer.

PubMed

Khan, Adil Mehmood; Lee, Young-Koo; Lee, Sungyoung Y; Kim, Tae-Seong

2010-09-01

Physical-activity recognition via wearable sensors can provide valuable information regarding an individual's degree of functional ability and lifestyle. In this paper, we present an accelerometer sensor-based approach for human-activity recognition. Our proposed recognition method uses a hierarchical scheme. At the lower level, the state to which an activity belongs, i.e., static, transition, or dynamic, is recognized by means of statistical signal features and artificial-neural nets (ANNs). The upper level recognition uses the autoregressive (AR) modeling of the acceleration signals, thus, incorporating the derived AR-coefficients along with the signal-magnitude area and tilt angle to form an augmented-feature vector. The resulting feature vector is further processed by the linear-discriminant analysis and ANNs to recognize a particular human activity. Our proposed activity-recognition method recognizes three states and 15 activities with an average accuracy of 97.9% using only a single triaxial accelerometer attached to the subject's chest.

Is Statistical Learning Constrained by Lower Level Perceptual Organization?

PubMed Central

Emberson, Lauren L.; Liu, Ran; Zevin, Jason D.

2013-01-01

In order for statistical information to aid in complex developmental processes such as language acquisition, learning from higher-order statistics (e.g. across successive syllables in a speech stream to support segmentation) must be possible while perceptual abilities (e.g. speech categorization) are still developing. The current study examines how perceptual organization interacts with statistical learning. Adult participants were presented with multiple exemplars from novel, complex sound categories designed to reflect some of the spectral complexity and variability of speech. These categories were organized into sequential pairs and presented such that higher-order statistics, defined based on sound categories, could support stream segmentation. Perceptual similarity judgments and multi-dimensional scaling revealed that participants only perceived three perceptual clusters of sounds and thus did not distinguish the four experimenter-defined categories, creating a tension between lower level perceptual organization and higher-order statistical information. We examined whether the resulting pattern of learning is more consistent with statistical learning being “bottom-up,” constrained by the lower levels of organization, or “top-down,” such that higher-order statistical information of the stimulus stream takes priority over the perceptual organization, and perhaps influences perceptual organization. We consistently find evidence that learning is constrained by perceptual organization. Moreover, participants generalize their learning to novel sounds that occupy a similar perceptual space, suggesting that statistical learning occurs based on regions of or clusters in perceptual space. Overall, these results reveal a constraint on learning of sound sequences, such that statistical information is determined based on lower level organization. These findings have important implications for the role of statistical learning in language acquisition. PMID:23618755

STATISTICAL PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINATION AND VERIFICATION OF MINIMUM REPORTING LEVELS FOR DRINKING WATER METHODS

EPA Science Inventory

The United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW) has developed a single-laboratory quantitation procedure: the lowest concentration minimum reporting level (LCMRL). The LCMRL is the lowest true concentration for which fu...

Mining level of control in medical organizations.

PubMed

Çalimli, Olgu; Türkeli, Serkan; Eken, Emir Gökberk; Gönen, Halil Emre

2014-01-01

In literature of strategic management, there are three layers of control defined in organizational structures. These layers are strategic, tactical and operational, in which resides senior, medium level and low level managers respectively. In strategic level, institutional strategies are determined according to senior managers' perceived state of organization. In tactical level, this strategy is processed into methods and activities of a business management plan. Operational level embodies actions and functions to sustain specified business management plan. An acknowledged lead organization in Turkish medical area is examined using case study and data mining method in the scope of this paper. The level of decisions regarded in managerial purposes evaluated through chosen organization's business intelligence event logs report. Hence specification of management level importance of medical organizations is made. Case study, data mining and descriptive statistical method of taken case's reports present that positions of "Chief Executive Officer", "Outpatient Center Manager", "General Manager", monitored and analyzed functions of operational level management more frequently than strategic and tactical level. Absence of strategic management decision level research in medical area distinguishes this paper and consequently substantiates its significant contribution.

Area estimation of crops by digital analysis of Landsat data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bauer, M. E.; Hixson, M. M.; Davis, B. J.

1978-01-01

The study for which the results are presented had these objectives: (1) to use Landsat data and computer-implemented pattern recognition to classify the major crops from regions encompassing different climates, soils, and crops; (2) to estimate crop areas for counties and states by using crop identification data obtained from the Landsat identifications; and (3) to evaluate the accuracy, precision, and timeliness of crop area estimates obtained from Landsat data. The paper describes the method of developing the training statistics and evaluating the classification accuracy. Landsat MSS data were adequate to accurately identify wheat in Kansas; corn and soybean estimates for Indiana were less accurate. Systematic sampling of entire counties made possible by computer classification methods resulted in very precise area estimates at county, district, and state levels.

Dental School of Graduation in Relation to Dentist Location.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Donald W.; And Others

1979-01-01

A statistical study is presented of the 1976 location, by region and state, of the active civilian dentists of the United States in relation to the dental schools from which they graduated. A master matrix table shows state-by-state distribution of the graduates of each school and, conversely, where each state obtained its dentists. (Author/JMD)

DETERMINATION OF 2,3,7,8 CHLORINE-SUBSTITUTED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS AND FURANS AT THE PART PER TRILLION LEVEL IN UNITED STATES BEEF FAT USING HIGH-RESOLUTION GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/HIGH-RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY

EPA Science Inventory

As part of the U.S. EPA Dioxin Reassessment Program, the 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans were measured at part per trillion (ppt) levels in beef fat collected from slaughter facilities in the United States. This is the first statistically designed natio...

Biennial Survey of Education in the United States, 1934-1936. Bulletin, 1937, No. 2. Volume II. Chapter III: Statistics of City School Systems, 1935-36

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herlihy, Lester B.; Deffenbaugh, Walter S.

1938-01-01

This report presents statistics of city school systems for the school year 1935-36. prior to 1933-34 school statistics for cities included in county unit systems were estimated. Most of these cities are in Florida, Louisiana, Maryland, and West Virginia. Since the method of estimating school statistics for the cities included with the counties in…

Examining Elementary Social Studies Marginalization: A Multilevel Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitchett, Paul G.; Heafner, Tina L.; Lambert, Richard G.

2014-01-01

Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), a multilevel model (Hierarchical Linear Model) was developed to examine the association of teacher/classroom and state level indicators on reported elementary social studies instructional time. Findings indicated that state testing policy was a…

Earth Observation System Flight Dynamics System Covariance Realism

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zaidi, Waqar H.; Tracewell, David

2016-01-01

This presentation applies a covariance realism technique to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observation System (EOS) Aqua and Aura spacecraft based on inferential statistics. The technique consists of three parts: collection calculation of definitive state estimates through orbit determination, calculation of covariance realism test statistics at each covariance propagation point, and proper assessment of those test statistics.

Statistical Entropy of Dirac Field Outside RN Black Hole and Modified Density Equation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Fei; He, Feng

2012-02-01

Statistical entropy of Dirac field in Reissner-Nordstrom black hole space-time is computed by state density equation corrected by the generalized uncertainty principle to all orders in Planck length and WKB approximation. The result shows that the statistical entropy is proportional to the horizon area but the present result is convergent without any artificial cutoff.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs): Alcohol Use Quiz

MedlinePlus

... Data & Statistics State-Level Estimates 2016 Research & Tracking Monitoring Alcohol Use International Research Training & Education Online Training Past Activities Articles & Key Findings Materials & Multimedia Fact Sheets & Brochures ...

Statistical Downscaling and Bias Correction of Climate Model Outputs for Climate Change Impact Assessment in the U.S. Northeast

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ahmed, Kazi Farzan; Wang, Guiling; Silander, John; Wilson, Adam M.; Allen, Jenica M.; Horton, Radley; Anyah, Richard

2013-01-01

Statistical downscaling can be used to efficiently downscale a large number of General Circulation Model (GCM) outputs to a fine temporal and spatial scale. To facilitate regional impact assessments, this study statistically downscales (to 1/8deg spatial resolution) and corrects the bias of daily maximum and minimum temperature and daily precipitation data from six GCMs and four Regional Climate Models (RCMs) for the northeast United States (US) using the Statistical Downscaling and Bias Correction (SDBC) approach. Based on these downscaled data from multiple models, five extreme indices were analyzed for the future climate to quantify future changes of climate extremes. For a subset of models and indices, results based on raw and bias corrected model outputs for the present-day climate were compared with observations, which demonstrated that bias correction is important not only for GCM outputs, but also for RCM outputs. For future climate, bias correction led to a higher level of agreements among the models in predicting the magnitude and capturing the spatial pattern of the extreme climate indices. We found that the incorporation of dynamical downscaling as an intermediate step does not lead to considerable differences in the results of statistical downscaling for the study domain.

State Estimates of Disability in America. Disability Statistics Report 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LaPlante, Mitchell P.

This study presents and discusses existing data on disability by state, from the 1980 and 1990 censuses, the Current Population Survey (CPS), and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The study used direct methods for states with large sample sizes and synthetic estimates for states with low sample sizes. The study's highlighted findings…

Statistics anxiety, state anxiety during an examination, and academic achievement.

PubMed

Macher, Daniel; Paechter, Manuela; Papousek, Ilona; Ruggeri, Kai; Freudenthaler, H Harald; Arendasy, Martin

2013-12-01

A large proportion of students identify statistics courses as the most anxiety-inducing courses in their curriculum. Many students feel impaired by feelings of state anxiety in the examination and therefore probably show lower achievements. The study investigates how statistics anxiety, attitudes (e.g., interest, mathematical self-concept) and trait anxiety, as a general disposition to anxiety, influence experiences of anxiety as well as achievement in an examination. Participants were 284 undergraduate psychology students, 225 females and 59 males. Two weeks prior to the examination, participants completed a demographic questionnaire and measures of the STARS, the STAI, self-concept in mathematics, and interest in statistics. At the beginning of the statistics examination, students assessed their present state anxiety by the KUSTA scale. After 25 min, all examination participants gave another assessment of their anxiety at that moment. Students' examination scores were recorded. Structural equation modelling techniques were used to test relationships between the variables in a multivariate context. Statistics anxiety was the only variable related to state anxiety in the examination. Via state anxiety experienced before and during the examination, statistics anxiety had a negative influence on achievement. However, statistics anxiety also had a direct positive influence on achievement. This result may be explained by students' motivational goals in the specific educational setting. The results provide insight into the relationship between students' attitudes, dispositions, experiences of anxiety in the examination, and academic achievement, and give recommendations to instructors on how to support students prior to and in the examination. © 2012 The British Psychological Society.

A supportive-educative telephone program: impact on knowledge and anxiety after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

PubMed

Beckie, T

1989-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a supportive-educative telephone program on the levels of knowledge and anxiety of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery during the first 6 weeks after hospital discharge. With a posttest-only control group design, the first 74 patients scheduled, between September 1986 and February 1987, for coronary artery bypass graft surgery in a large, western Canadian teaching hospital were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. The effect of the intervention, which was implemented by a cardiac rehabilitation nurse specialist, was assessed by a knowledge test and a state anxiety inventory. Data were collected without knowledge of the participants' group assignment. As hypothesized, data analysis with independent t tests revealed a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) difference between the knowledge level of the experimental and the control group in the areas of coronary artery disease, diet, medications, physical activity restrictions, exercise, and rest. A statistically significant difference between the state anxiety level of the experimental and the control group was also evident, as was a statistically significant inverse relationship between participants' knowledge and anxiety levels. From these findings, several implications and recommendations for nursing practice and research have been generated.

Uncertainty and inference in the world of paleoecological data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McLachlan, J. S.; Dawson, A.; Dietze, M.; Finley, M.; Hooten, M.; Itter, M.; Jackson, S. T.; Marlon, J. R.; Raiho, A.; Tipton, J.; Williams, J.

2017-12-01

Proxy data in paleoecology and paleoclimatology share a common set of biases and uncertainties: spatiotemporal error associated with the taphonomic processes of deposition, preservation, and dating; calibration error between proxy data and the ecosystem states of interest; and error in the interpolation of calibrated estimates across space and time. Researchers often account for this daunting suite of challenges by applying qualitave expert judgment: inferring the past states of ecosystems and assessing the level of uncertainty in those states subjectively. The effectiveness of this approach can be seen by the extent to which future observations confirm previous assertions. Hierarchical Bayesian (HB) statistical approaches allow an alternative approach to accounting for multiple uncertainties in paleo data. HB estimates of ecosystem state formally account for each of the common uncertainties listed above. HB approaches can readily incorporate additional data, and data of different types into estimates of ecosystem state. And HB estimates of ecosystem state, with associated uncertainty, can be used to constrain forecasts of ecosystem dynamics based on mechanistic ecosystem models using data assimilation. Decisions about how to structure an HB model are also subjective, which creates a parallel framework for deciding how to interpret data from the deep past.Our group, the Paleoecological Observatory Network (PalEON), has applied hierarchical Bayesian statistics to formally account for uncertainties in proxy based estimates of past climate, fire, primary productivity, biomass, and vegetation composition. Our estimates often reveal new patterns of past ecosystem change, which is an unambiguously good thing, but we also often estimate a level of uncertainty that is uncomfortably high for many researchers. High levels of uncertainty are due to several features of the HB approach: spatiotemporal smoothing, the formal aggregation of multiple types of uncertainty, and a coarseness in statistical models of taphonomic process. Each of these features provides useful opportunities for statisticians and data-generating researchers to assess what we know about the signal and the noise in paleo data and to improve inference about past changes in ecosystem state.

Online Statistics Labs in MSW Research Methods Courses: Reducing Reluctance toward Statistics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elliott, William; Choi, Eunhee; Friedline, Terri

2013-01-01

This article presents results from an evaluation of an online statistics lab as part of a foundations research methods course for master's-level social work students. The article discusses factors that contribute to an environment in social work that fosters attitudes of reluctance toward learning and teaching statistics in research methods…

Teaching Statistics: Creating an Intersection for Intra and Interdisciplinarity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Savard, Annie; Manuel, Dominic

2016-01-01

Statistics is taught in mathematics courses in all school levels. We suggest that using rich tasks in statistics can develop statistical reasoning and create both intra and interdisciplinary links in students. In this paper, we present three case studies where middle school mathematics teachers used different tasks in lessons on pie charts. We…

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, calendar year 2000. Part 5 : national summaries

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

Waterborne commerce of the United States, WCUS, part 5 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

State Licensing of Health Occupations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Health Statistics (DHEW/PHS), Hyattsville, MD.

About 25 health professions and occupations are licensed by one or more states according to the survey of state licensing provisions by the National Center for Health Statistics. Data is presented in 22 chapters on the licensure of administrators, chiropractors, clinical laboratory personnel, dental hygienists, dentists, professional engineers,…

LEVELS OF SYNTHETIC MUSK COMPOUNDS IN ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

To be presented is an overview of the chemistry, the monitoring methodology, and the statistical evaluation of concentrations obtained from the analysis of a suite of compounds (e.g., Galaxolide®, musk xylene, and amino musk xylene) in an aquatic ecological site. The research focused on in the subtasks is the development and application of state-of the-art technologies to meet the needs of the public, Office of Water, and ORD in the area of Water Quality. Located In the subtasks are the various research projects being performed in support of this Task and more in-depth coverage of each project. Briefly, each project's objective is stated below.Subtask 1: To integrate state-of-the-art technologies (polar organic chemical integrative samplers, advanced solid-phase extraction methodologies with liquid chromatography/electrospray/mass spectrometry) and apply them to studying the sources and fate of a select list of PPCPs. Application and improvement of analytical methodologies that can detect non-volatile, polar, water-soluble pharmaceuticals in source waters at levels that could be environmentally significant (at concentrations less than parts per billion, ppb). IAG with USGS ends in FY05. APM 20 due in FY05.Subtask 2: Coordination of interagency research and public outreach activities for PPCPs. Participate on NSTC Health and Environment subcommittee working group on PPCPs. Web site maintenance and expansion, invited technical presentations, invited articles

Teen Births: A County-By-County Factbook. For Children for Ohio's Future.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, Susan

This Factbook provides state- and county-level statistical information on teen births in Ohio and discusses statewide trends from 1992 to 1996. The statistical portrait is based on 12 indicators: (1) number of infants born to teens; (2) teen birth rate; (3) repeat teen birth rate; (4) percentage of teen births to unmarried teens; (5) percentage of…

(Pre-) calibration of a Reduced Complexity Model of the Antarctic Contribution to Sea-level Changes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruckert, K. L.; Guan, Y.; Shaffer, G.; Forest, C. E.; Keller, K.

2015-12-01

(Pre-) calibration of a Reduced Complexity Model of the Antarctic Contribution to Sea-level ChangesKelsey L. Ruckert1*, Yawen Guan2, Chris E. Forest1,3,7, Gary Shaffer 4,5,6, and Klaus Keller1,7,81 Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 2 Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 3 Department of Meteorology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 4 GAIA_Antarctica, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile 5 Center for Advanced Studies in Arid Zones, La Serena, Chile 6 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 7 Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA 8 Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA * Corresponding author. E-mail klr324@psu.eduUnderstanding and projecting future sea-level changes poses nontrivial challenges. Sea-level changes are driven primarily by changes in the density of seawater as well as changes in the size of glaciers and ice sheets. Previous studies have demonstrated that a key source of uncertainties surrounding sea-level projections is the response of the Antarctic ice sheet to warming temperatures. Here we calibrate a previously published and relatively simple model of the Antarctic ice sheet over a hindcast period from the last interglacial period to the present. We apply and compare a range of (pre-) calibration methods, including a Bayesian approach that accounts for heteroskedasticity. We compare the model hindcasts and projections for different levels of model complexity and calibration methods. We compare the projections with the upper bounds from previous studies and find our projections have a narrower range in 2100. Furthermore we discuss the implications for the design of climate risk management strategies.

Initial Special Reports Submitted by Member States on the Action Taken by Them Upon the Recommendation Concerning the International Standardization of Library Statistics, Adopted by the General Conference During its Sixteenth Session. Item 21 of the Provisional Agenda.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).

Reports, some only partial, from the member states regarding their action on the topic of international standards for library statistics are presented. The 22 countries represented in this report are: Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Cyprus, Cuba, Dahomey, Denmark, Finland, France, Federal Republic of Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Libya, Nepal,…

Statistical Learning Is Constrained to Less Abstract Patterns in Complex Sensory Input (but not the Least)

PubMed Central

Emberson, Lauren L.; Rubinstein, Dani

2016-01-01

The influence of statistical information on behavior (either through learning or adaptation) is quickly becoming foundational to many domains of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience, from language comprehension to visual development. We investigate a central problem impacting these diverse fields: when encountering input with rich statistical information, are there any constraints on learning? This paper examines learning outcomes when adult learners are given statistical information across multiple levels of abstraction simultaneously: from abstract, semantic categories of everyday objects to individual viewpoints on these objects. After revealing statistical learning of abstract, semantic categories with scrambled individual exemplars (Exp. 1), participants viewed pictures where the categories as well as the individual objects predicted picture order (e.g., bird1—dog1, bird2—dog2). Our findings suggest that participants preferentially encode the relationships between the individual objects, even in the presence of statistical regularities linking semantic categories (Exps. 2 and 3). In a final experiment we investigate whether learners are biased towards learning object-level regularities or simply construct the most detailed model given the data (and therefore best able to predict the specifics of the upcoming stimulus) by investigating whether participants preferentially learn from the statistical regularities linking individual snapshots of objects or the relationship between the objects themselves (e.g., bird_picture1— dog_picture1, bird_picture2—dog_picture2). We find that participants fail to learn the relationships between individual snapshots, suggesting a bias towards object-level statistical regularities as opposed to merely constructing the most complete model of the input. This work moves beyond the previous existence proofs that statistical learning is possible at both very high and very low levels of abstraction (categories vs. individual objects) and suggests that, at least with the current categories and type of learner, there are biases to pick up on statistical regularities between individual objects even when robust statistical information is present at other levels of abstraction. These findings speak directly to emerging theories about how systems supporting statistical learning and prediction operate in our structure-rich environments. Moreover, the theoretical implications of the current work across multiple domains of study is already clear: statistical learning cannot be assumed to be unconstrained even if statistical learning has previously been established at a given level of abstraction when that information is presented in isolation. PMID:27139779

Low-Level Contrast Statistics of Natural Images Can Modulate the Frequency of Event-Related Potentials (ERP) in Humans.

PubMed

Ghodrati, Masoud; Ghodousi, Mahrad; Yoonessi, Ali

2016-01-01

Humans are fast and accurate in categorizing complex natural images. It is, however, unclear what features of visual information are exploited by brain to perceive the images with such speed and accuracy. It has been shown that low-level contrast statistics of natural scenes can explain the variance of amplitude of event-related potentials (ERP) in response to rapidly presented images. In this study, we investigated the effect of these statistics on frequency content of ERPs. We recorded ERPs from human subjects, while they viewed natural images each presented for 70 ms. Our results showed that Weibull contrast statistics, as a biologically plausible model, explained the variance of ERPs the best, compared to other image statistics that we assessed. Our time-frequency analysis revealed a significant correlation between these statistics and ERPs' power within theta frequency band (~3-7 Hz). This is interesting, as theta band is believed to be involved in context updating and semantic encoding. This correlation became significant at ~110 ms after stimulus onset, and peaked at 138 ms. Our results show that not only the amplitude but also the frequency of neural responses can be modulated with low-level contrast statistics of natural images and highlights their potential role in scene perception.

Low-Level Contrast Statistics of Natural Images Can Modulate the Frequency of Event-Related Potentials (ERP) in Humans

PubMed Central

Ghodrati, Masoud; Ghodousi, Mahrad; Yoonessi, Ali

2016-01-01

Humans are fast and accurate in categorizing complex natural images. It is, however, unclear what features of visual information are exploited by brain to perceive the images with such speed and accuracy. It has been shown that low-level contrast statistics of natural scenes can explain the variance of amplitude of event-related potentials (ERP) in response to rapidly presented images. In this study, we investigated the effect of these statistics on frequency content of ERPs. We recorded ERPs from human subjects, while they viewed natural images each presented for 70 ms. Our results showed that Weibull contrast statistics, as a biologically plausible model, explained the variance of ERPs the best, compared to other image statistics that we assessed. Our time-frequency analysis revealed a significant correlation between these statistics and ERPs' power within theta frequency band (~3–7 Hz). This is interesting, as theta band is believed to be involved in context updating and semantic encoding. This correlation became significant at ~110 ms after stimulus onset, and peaked at 138 ms. Our results show that not only the amplitude but also the frequency of neural responses can be modulated with low-level contrast statistics of natural images and highlights their potential role in scene perception. PMID:28018197

Extending the Multi-level Method for the Simulation of Stochastic Biological Systems.

PubMed

Lester, Christopher; Baker, Ruth E; Giles, Michael B; Yates, Christian A

2016-08-01

The multi-level method for discrete-state systems, first introduced by Anderson and Higham (SIAM Multiscale Model Simul 10(1):146-179, 2012), is a highly efficient simulation technique that can be used to elucidate statistical characteristics of biochemical reaction networks. A single point estimator is produced in a cost-effective manner by combining a number of estimators of differing accuracy in a telescoping sum, and, as such, the method has the potential to revolutionise the field of stochastic simulation. In this paper, we present several refinements of the multi-level method which render it easier to understand and implement, and also more efficient. Given the substantial and complex nature of the multi-level method, the first part of this work reviews existing literature, with the aim of providing a practical guide to the use of the multi-level method. The second part provides the means for a deft implementation of the technique and concludes with a discussion of a number of open problems.

U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics, 1963-1994

Treesearch

James L. Howard

1997-01-01

This report presents information on trends in production, trade, consumption, and prices of forest product in the United States. Although national trends are dealt with for the most part, some information is given for regions, states, and Canada. The tables presented in this report are from information collected from industry trade associations and government agencies...

6 CFR 37.11 - Application and documents the applicant must provide.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... filed with a State Office of Vital Statistics or equivalent agency in the individual's State of birth... present at least one document included in paragraph (c) of this section. (e) Social security number (SSN... documents listed in § 37.11(c)(1) and (2) must present his or her Social Security Administration account...

2008 public transportation fact book

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-06-01

This Public Transportation Fact Book presents statistics describing the entire United States transit industry for 1995 : through 2006 with additional detail and overview presentations for 2006. Also included are definitions of reported data : items.

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 1995. Part 1 : waterways and harbors, Atlantic Coast

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 1 is one of a series publications which provides statistics on foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on movements of vess...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 2001. Part 1 : waterways and harbors Atlantic Coast

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 1 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 2000. Part 1 : waterways and harbors Atlantic coast

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 1 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 2000. Part 3 : waterways and harbors Great Lakes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 3 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 1995. Part 5 : waterways and harbors, national summaries

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 5 is one of a series publications which provides statistics on foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on movements of vess...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 1995. Part 3 : waterways and harbors, Great Lakes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 3 is one of a series publications which provides statistics on foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on movements of vess...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 2001. Part 3 : waterways and harbors Great Lakes

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 3 is one of a series of : publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce : moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the mo...

Unemployment in the United States and Eight Foreign Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sorrentino, Constance; Moy, Joyanna

1974-01-01

Presented in this article are approximate comparative statistics on labor force and unemployment for the United States and Canada, Great Britain, Italy, France, Sweden, Australia, Japan, and Germany through 1972. Although unemployment rates indicate a decline in Canada and the United States, they remain high compared with most industrial…

Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education: Property. Fiscal Year 1975. State Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mertins, Paul F.; Brandt, Norman J.

Data are provided on the physical plant assets, indebtedness, and endowments of United States colleges and universities as of the end of the 1975 fiscal year. National, regional, and state totals are presented, derived from the 10th annual Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS). (MSE)

National Lakes Assessment 2012: A Collaborative Survey of Lakes in the United States

EPA Science Inventory

The National Lakes Assessment 2012: A Collaborative Survey of Lakes in the United States presents the results of a second evaluation of the lakes in the United States. This report is part of the National Aquatic Resource Surveys, a series of statistically based surveys designed t...

Illinois Kids Count: A Snap Shot of Our Future. County by County Profiles of Child Well-Being '92.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Voices for Illinois Children, Chicago.

This booklet presents statistics concerning the well-being of Illinois' 3.3 million children between 1980 and 1990. Statistics are compared county by county for each of the state's 102 counties, and statewide statistics are compared with those of the entire nation. A statewide analysis focuses on spending per pupil on education, the percentage of…

Protecting High Energy Barriers: A New Equation to Regulate Boost Energy in Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

PubMed

Sinko, William; de Oliveira, César Augusto F; Pierce, Levi C T; McCammon, J Andrew

2012-01-10

Molecular dynamics (MD) is one of the most common tools in computational chemistry. Recently, our group has employed accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) to improve the conformational sampling over conventional molecular dynamics techniques. In the original aMD implementation, sampling is greatly improved by raising energy wells below a predefined energy level. Recently, our group presented an alternative aMD implementation where simulations are accelerated by lowering energy barriers of the potential energy surface. When coupled with thermodynamic integration simulations, this implementation showed very promising results. However, when applied to large systems, such as proteins, the simulation tends to be biased to high energy regions of the potential landscape. The reason for this behavior lies in the boost equation used since the highest energy barriers are dramatically more affected than the lower ones. To address this issue, in this work, we present a new boost equation that prevents oversampling of unfavorable high energy conformational states. The new boost potential provides not only better recovery of statistics throughout the simulation but also enhanced sampling of statistically relevant regions in explicit solvent MD simulations.

How to make progress in geosciences towards UN Sustainable Development Goal N°5?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garçon, Véronique

2017-04-01

Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. Providing women and girls with equal access to education, decent work, and representation in institutional, scientific research, political and economic decision-making processes will fuel sustainable economies and benefit societies and humanity at large. With a stand-alone goal SDG 5, awareness has been raised about the need for high quality gender data statistics. What is the state of the art in public research institutions? I will present the four main areas of action of the "Mission for the Place of Women at CNRS" namely fostering gender equality within CNRS, promoting gender(ed) research, outreach to young women, female role models, profile raising, and developing networks and partnerships. I will compare data statistics with other research institutions and present the strong partnership that CNRS has developed at national, European and international levels. Belonging to the 27% of women senior scientists at CNRS in geosciences, I will, based on my personal life experience, provide vision on how, in the laboratories world, to promote equality in our disciplines.

Collegiate Enrollments in the U.S., 1979-80. Statistics, Interpretations, and Trends in 4-Year and Related Institutions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mickler, J. Ernest

This 60th annual report on collegiate enrollments in the United States is based on data received from 1,635 four-year institutions in the U.S., Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Territories. General notes, survey methodology notes, and a summary of findings are presented. Detailed statistical charts present institutional data on men and women students and…

Australian Vocational Education and Training--Statistics 1999: An Overview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Centre for Vocational Education Research, Leabrook (Australia).

Data pertaining to Australia's publicly funded vocational education and training (VET) sector in 1999 were reviewed. Both national-level and state/territory-level data on the following topics were reviewed: VET providers and delivery systems; student characteristics; enrollment trends; program costs and financing mechanisms; and apprentices and…

INTERANNUAL VARIATION IN METEOROLOGICALLY ADJUSTED OZONE LEVELS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES: A COMPARISON OF TWO APPROACHED

EPA Science Inventory

Assessing the influence of abatement efforts and other human activities on ozone levels is complicated by the atmosphere's changeable nature. Two statistical methods, the dynamic linear model(DLM) and the generalized additive model (GAM), are used to estimate ozone trends in the...

State Programs Supporting Health Manpower Training: An Inventory. Volume 1. Report and Tables.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Public Health Service (DHEW), Washington, DC. Bureau of Health Manpower.

A detailed statistical review of state support for health manpower training during 1973, 1974, and 1975 with an inventory of state expenditures for specific health occupations in 32 states are presented in Volume One of this two-volume study conducted for the Health Resources Administration. Objectives of the study included: investigation of the…

Tables of stark level transition probabilities and branching ratios in hydrogen-like atoms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Omidvar, K.

1980-01-01

The transition probabilities which are given in terms of n prime k prime and n k are tabulated. No additional summing or averaging is necessary. The electric quantum number k plays the role of the angular momentum quantum number l in the presence of an electric field. The branching ratios between stark levels are also tabulated. Necessary formulas for the transition probabilities and branching ratios are given. Symmetries are discussed and selection rules are given. Some disagreements for some branching ratios are found between the present calculation and the measurement of Mark and Wierl. The transition probability multiplied by the statistical weight of the initial state is called the static intensity J sub S, while the branching ratios are called the dynamic intensity J sub D.

Financial Accounting for Local and State School Systems, 1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, William J., Jr.

The purpose of this guidebook is to reflect the changes that have occurred since 1973 in governmental accounting and education finance. This document serves as a vehicle for program cost accounting at the local and intermediate levels. Although not required by federal law, the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) encourages state and…

Three Essays on Human Capital and Innovation in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dotzel, Kathryn Rose

2017-01-01

This research investigates three topics related to human capital and innovation in the United States. The primary objective of the first chapter is to examine the influence of natural amenities on student migration decisions using institution-level data from the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data…

ADULT BASIC EDUCATION. PROGRAM SUMMARY.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, DC.

A BRIEF DESCRIPTION IS GIVEN OF THE FEDERAL ADULT BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM, UNDER THE ADULT EDUCATION ACT OF 1966, AT THE NATIONAL AND STATE LEVELS (INCLUDING PUERTO RICO, GUAM, AMERICAN SAMOA, AND THE VIRGIN ISLANDS) AS PROVIDED BY STATE EDUCATION AGENCIES. STATISTICS FOR FISCAL YEARS 1965 AND 1966, AND ESTIMATES FOR FISCAL YEAR 1967, INDICATE…

Grade Level: Tracking Online Education in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, I. Elaine; Seaman, Jeff

2015-01-01

This report is the twelfth annual report on the state of online learning in U.S. higher education. The survey is designed, administered and analyzed by the Babson Survey Research Group, with data collection conducted in partnership with the College Board and additional data from the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated…

An Assessment of Research-Doctorate Programs in the United States: Mathematical & Physical Sciences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Lyle V., Ed.; And Others

The quality of doctoral-level chemistry (N=145), computer science (N=58), geoscience (N=91), mathematics (N=115), physics (N=123), and statistics/biostatistics (N=64) programs at United States universities was assessed, using 16 measures. These measures focused on variables related to: program size; characteristics of graduates; reputational…

Toward mapping crop progress at field scales through fusion of Landsat and MODIS imagery

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Crop progress and condition are required for crop management and yield estimation. In the United States, they are reported weekly at state or district level by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) using the field observations provided by local far...

Land use statistics for West Virginia, Part I

USGS Publications Warehouse

Erwin, Robert B.; ,; ,

1979-01-01

The West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey and the United States Geological Survey have completed a cooperative program to provide land-use and land-cover maps and data for the State. This program begins to satisfy a longstanding need for a consistent level of detail, standardization in categorization, and scale of compilation for land-use and land-cover maps and data. The statistical information contained in this Bulletin provides land-use acreage tabulations for the first 20 counties that have been completed. Statistics are being compiled for the remaining counties and will be published shortly. This information has been derived from the recently completed Land-Use Map of West Virginia (on open file at the West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey - Environmental Section). In addition to land-use acreage, we have also included land-use percent. All statistics throughout this Bulletin are in the same format for ease of comparison.

Alabama Department of Education Quick Facts, 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama Department of Education, 2009

2009-01-01

This brochure presents state statistics; Alabama public schools 2007-08; Alabama State Board of Education members; financial data; public school size and enrollment; transportation; school meals; school personnel, 2007-2008; graduation requirements; student assessment; additional enrollment; and dropouts, 2006-07.

Frequency specific patterns of resting-state networks development from childhood to adolescence: A magnetoencephalography study.

PubMed

Meng, Lu; Xiang, Jing

2016-11-01

The present study investigated frequency dependent developmental patterns of the brain resting-state networks from childhood to adolescence. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data were recorded from 20 healthy subjects at resting-state with eyes-open. The resting-state networks (RSNs) was analyzed at source-level. Brain network organization was characterized by mean clustering coefficient and average path length. The correlations between brain network measures and subjects' age during development from childhood to adolescence were statistically analyzed in delta (1-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), and beta (12-30Hz) frequency bands. A significant positive correlation between functional connectivity with age was found in alpha and beta frequency bands. A significant negative correlation between average path lengths with age was found in beta frequency band. The results suggest that there are significant developmental changes of resting-state networks from childhood to adolescence, which matures from a lattice network to a small-world network. Copyright © 2016 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

World Hunger: Facts. Facts for Action #1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phillips, Jim

Designed for global education at the high school level, this document presents statistics on malnutrition, infant mortality, and illiteracy in developing nations. The statistics are compared with private and government expenditures of wealthy nations. Examples of the statistical information for developing nations are: more than 500 million people…

Statistical modeling to support power system planning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Staid, Andrea

This dissertation focuses on data-analytic approaches that improve our understanding of power system applications to promote better decision-making. It tackles issues of risk analysis, uncertainty management, resource estimation, and the impacts of climate change. Tools of data mining and statistical modeling are used to bring new insight to a variety of complex problems facing today's power system. The overarching goal of this research is to improve the understanding of the power system risk environment for improved operation, investment, and planning decisions. The first chapter introduces some challenges faced in planning for a sustainable power system. Chapter 2 analyzes the driving factors behind the disparity in wind energy investments among states with a goal of determining the impact that state-level policies have on incentivizing wind energy. Findings show that policy differences do not explain the disparities; physical and geographical factors are more important. Chapter 3 extends conventional wind forecasting to a risk-based focus of predicting maximum wind speeds, which are dangerous for offshore operations. Statistical models are presented that issue probabilistic predictions for the highest wind speed expected in a three-hour interval. These models achieve a high degree of accuracy and their use can improve safety and reliability in practice. Chapter 4 examines the challenges of wind power estimation for onshore wind farms. Several methods for wind power resource assessment are compared, and the weaknesses of the Jensen model are demonstrated. For two onshore farms, statistical models outperform other methods, even when very little information is known about the wind farm. Lastly, chapter 5 focuses on the power system more broadly in the context of the risks expected from tropical cyclones in a changing climate. Risks to U.S. power system infrastructure are simulated under different scenarios of tropical cyclone behavior that may result from climate change. The scenario-based approach allows me to address the deep uncertainty present by quantifying the range of impacts, identifying the most critical parameters, and assessing the sensitivity of local areas to a changing risk. Overall, this body of work quantifies the uncertainties present in several operational and planning decisions for power system applications.

Statistical Supplement to the Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Coll. and Univ. System, Austin. Coordinating Board.

This report offers statistical data for fiscal year 1987 on student enrollments, faculty, semester credit hours, physical facilities appropriations, and state loan and grant programs for Texas institutions of higher education. The following enrollment data are presented: 5-year (1982-86) summaries of headcount for public senior colleges and…

The Condition of Education, 1990. Volume 2: Postsecondary Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alsalam, Nabeel, Ed.; Rogers, Gayle Thompson, Ed.

The National Center for Education Statistics' annual statistical report on the condition of education in the United States is presented in two volumes for 1990. This volume covers postsecondary education, while the first volume addresses elementary and secondary education. Condition of education indicators (CEIs)--key data that measure the health…

Iowa forest statistics

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1956-01-01

This report contains forest area and timber volume statistics for the State of Iowa. The information presented here was gathered and compiled according to three different geographical units, the divisions being made on the basis of similar forest, soil, and economic conditions (frontispiece). So, for the benefit of those who might find such localized information useful...

On the Stability of Jump-Linear Systems Driven by Finite-State Machines with Markovian Inputs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patilkulkarni, Sudarshan; Herencia-Zapana, Heber; Gray, W. Steven; Gonzalez, Oscar R.

2004-01-01

This paper presents two mean-square stability tests for a jump-linear system driven by a finite-state machine with a first-order Markovian input process. The first test is based on conventional Markov jump-linear theory and avoids the use of any higher-order statistics. The second test is developed directly using the higher-order statistics of the machine s output process. The two approaches are illustrated with a simple model for a recoverable computer control system.

The impact of hypoxemia on serum total and free prostate-specific antigen levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PubMed

Ozge, Cengiz; Bozlu, Murat; Ozgur, Eylem Sercan; Tek, Mesut; Tunckiran, Ahmet; Muslu, Necati; Ilvan, Ahmet

2015-05-01

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most important biochemical marker in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with prostate cancer. In recent years, a relationship between PSA levels and hypoxic conditions has been described. However, no study has investigated the PSA levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of hypoxemia on serum total (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA) levels in patients with COPD. Between January 2010 and January 2014, 95 male patients who hospitalized for acute exacerbations of COPD and 80 control subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum tPSA and fPSA levels and f/tPSA ratios were determined in all patients on the first day of hospitalization (exacerbation) and 7 days after the treatment (stable state). Statistical analysis included paired t test and Mann-Whitney U test. No statistically significant differences were found between COPD and control groups with regard to the baseline characteristics, except for smoking status. The levels of serum tPSA and fPSA during exacerbation of COPD were significantly higher than the levels of the stable period (p < 0.01), whereas f/tPSA ratio did not change (p > 0.05). Hypoxemia during acute exacerbation of COPD can cause a rise in serum tPSA and fPSA levels, but f/tPSA ratio is not affected. Acute exacerbation of COPD may be added to list of the events in which PSA measurements must be interpreted with caution.

Arterial blood pressure oscillation after active standing up in kidney transplant recipients.

PubMed

Gerhardt, U; Schäfer, M; Hohage, H

2000-04-12

Dynamic arterial blood pressure (FINAPRES) response to active standing up, normally consisting of initial rise, fall and recovery above the baseline (overshoot), was compared with the early steady-state arterial blood pressure level to measure sympathetic vasomotor function in healthy subjects [group 1: n=50, 10 female subjects, age 51+/-2.5 years; weight 78+/-2.3 kg; height 174+/-1.4 cm (mean+/-standard error of the mean)] and in kidney transplant recipients under basal (group 2a: n=50, age 51.7+/-1.7 years; weight 77+/-2.1 kg; height 174+/-1.5 cm) and under high (group 2b: same subjects as in group 2a) cyclosporine A whole blood levels. Furthermore, baroreflex sensitivity and the activity of the generating compounds of the sympathetic nervous systems (Mayer waves) were measured. Systolic and diastolic overshoot values did not differ statistically significant in the present study. In the control subjects, a systolic overshoot of 15.4+/-2.7 mmHg and a diastolic overshoot of 15.2+/-2 mmHg was detected. The systolic overshoot disappeared in 57% of group 2a (-7.1+/-2.7 mmHg; P<0.001) and in 50% of group 2b recipients (-8.0+/-2.7 mmHg; P<0.001). Systolic early steady-state level was not lower in kidney transplant recipients before cyclosporine (baseline+2 mmHg) intake, but after cyclosporine administration (baseline-3 mmHg; controls: baseline+3 mmHg; P<0.05). There was a strong association between the overshoot and steady-state levels (P for chi(2)<0.001, n=150). Overshoot of group 1 levels (r=0.428; P<0.01) and group 2 levels (r=0.714; P<0. 001) correlated to their respective steady-state blood pressure. Furthermore, recipients had reduced baroreceptor sensitivities estimated by sequence analysis as compared to controls (10+/-1 ms/mmHg vs. 7.5+/-1.4 ms/mmHg; P<0.05). Mayer waves amplitudes of the heart rate spectrum were elevated statistically significant in renal transplant recipients (44.4+/-0.2 vs. 43.8+/-2.2 A.U.). In conclusion, baroreceptor reflex-dependent overshoot of the arterial blood pressure after active standing up is diminished in kidney transplant recipients, whereas no association to the cyclosporine A whole blood level has been detected. The reduced overshoot may be due to the diminished baroreceptor sensitivity which could be shown in renal transplant recipients.

Cluster size statistic and cluster mass statistic: two novel methods for identifying changes in functional connectivity between groups or conditions.

PubMed

Ing, Alex; Schwarzbauer, Christian

2014-01-01

Functional connectivity has become an increasingly important area of research in recent years. At a typical spatial resolution, approximately 300 million connections link each voxel in the brain with every other. This pattern of connectivity is known as the functional connectome. Connectivity is often compared between experimental groups and conditions. Standard methods used to control the type 1 error rate are likely to be insensitive when comparisons are carried out across the whole connectome, due to the huge number of statistical tests involved. To address this problem, two new cluster based methods--the cluster size statistic (CSS) and cluster mass statistic (CMS)--are introduced to control the family wise error rate across all connectivity values. These methods operate within a statistical framework similar to the cluster based methods used in conventional task based fMRI. Both methods are data driven, permutation based and require minimal statistical assumptions. Here, the performance of each procedure is evaluated in a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, utilising a simulated dataset. The relative sensitivity of each method is also tested on real data: BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) fMRI scans were carried out on twelve subjects under normal conditions and during the hypercapnic state (induced through the inhalation of 6% CO2 in 21% O2 and 73%N2). Both CSS and CMS detected significant changes in connectivity between normal and hypercapnic states. A family wise error correction carried out at the individual connection level exhibited no significant changes in connectivity.

Cluster Size Statistic and Cluster Mass Statistic: Two Novel Methods for Identifying Changes in Functional Connectivity Between Groups or Conditions

PubMed Central

Ing, Alex; Schwarzbauer, Christian

2014-01-01

Functional connectivity has become an increasingly important area of research in recent years. At a typical spatial resolution, approximately 300 million connections link each voxel in the brain with every other. This pattern of connectivity is known as the functional connectome. Connectivity is often compared between experimental groups and conditions. Standard methods used to control the type 1 error rate are likely to be insensitive when comparisons are carried out across the whole connectome, due to the huge number of statistical tests involved. To address this problem, two new cluster based methods – the cluster size statistic (CSS) and cluster mass statistic (CMS) – are introduced to control the family wise error rate across all connectivity values. These methods operate within a statistical framework similar to the cluster based methods used in conventional task based fMRI. Both methods are data driven, permutation based and require minimal statistical assumptions. Here, the performance of each procedure is evaluated in a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, utilising a simulated dataset. The relative sensitivity of each method is also tested on real data: BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) fMRI scans were carried out on twelve subjects under normal conditions and during the hypercapnic state (induced through the inhalation of 6% CO2 in 21% O2 and 73%N2). Both CSS and CMS detected significant changes in connectivity between normal and hypercapnic states. A family wise error correction carried out at the individual connection level exhibited no significant changes in connectivity. PMID:24906136

Weyl Semimetal to Metal Phase Transitions Driven by Quasiperiodic Potentials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pixley, J. H.; Wilson, Justin H.; Huse, David A.; Gopalakrishnan, Sarang

2018-05-01

We explore the stability of three-dimensional Weyl and Dirac semimetals subject to quasiperiodic potentials. We present numerical evidence that the semimetal is stable for weak quasiperiodic potentials, despite being unstable for weak random potentials. As the quasiperiodic potential strength increases, the semimetal transitions to a metal, then to an "inverted" semimetal, and then finally to a metal again. The semimetal and metal are distinguished by the density of states at the Weyl point, as well as by level statistics, transport, and the momentum-space structure of eigenstates near the Weyl point. The critical properties of the transitions in quasiperiodic systems differ from those in random systems: we do not find a clear critical scaling regime in energy; instead, at the quasiperiodic transitions, the density of states appears to jump abruptly (and discontinuously to within our resolution).

Kansas woodlands.

Treesearch

Clarence D. Chase; John K. Strickler

1968-01-01

The report presents statistics on area, volume, growth, mortality, and timber use. Projections of expected timber volumes 30 years in the future are also presented. These data are discussed with regard to possible future development and use of the state's woodlands.

Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility, United States, 1982. (Data from the National Survey of Family Growth, Series 23, No. 13).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horn, Marjorie C.; Mosher, William D.

1986-01-01

The National Survey of Family Growth is a periodic survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics, and designed to produce national estimates of statistics on fertility, family planning, and aspects of maternal and child health that are closely related to childbearing. This report presents statistics based on data collected in the…

Learning across Languages: Bilingual Experience Supports Dual Language Statistical Word Segmentation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Antovich, Dylan M.; Graf Estes, Katharine

2018-01-01

Bilingual acquisition presents learning challenges beyond those found in monolingual environments, including the need to segment speech in two languages. Infants may use statistical cues, such as syllable-level transitional probabilities, to segment words from fluent speech. In the present study we assessed monolingual and bilingual 14-month-olds'…

Child Abuse and Neglect: A Look at the States. CWLA Stat Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curtis, Patrick A.; And Others

Designed to provide a basis for sound child welfare policy decisions, this book presents current state and national data, as well as data from many cities and counties, on child maltreatment. The six chapters in the book present statistics on: (1) child abuse and neglect, including child abuse fatalities; (2) out-of-home care; (3) adoption; (4)…

Single-molecule photon emission statistics for systems with explicit time dependence: Generating function approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Yonggang; Xie, Shijie; Zheng, Yujun; Brown, Frank L. H.

2009-12-01

Generating function calculations are extended to allow for laser pulse envelopes of arbitrary shape in numerical applications. We investigate photon emission statistics for two-level and V- and Λ-type three-level systems under time-dependent excitation. Applications relevant to electromagnetically induced transparency and photon emission from single quantum dots are presented.

Petroleum supply monthly, February 1991. [Glossary included

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1991-02-01

Data presented in the Petroleum Supply Monthly (PSM) describe the supply and disposition of petroleum products in the United States and major US geographic regions. The data series describe production, imports and exports, inter-Petroleum Administration for Defense (PAD) District movements, and inventories by the primary suppliers of petroleum products in the United States (50 States and the District of Columbia). The reporting universe includes those petroleum sectors in Primary Supply. Included are: petroleum refiners, motor gasoline blenders, operators of natural gas processing plants and fractionators, inter-PAD transporters, importers, and major inventory holders of petroleum products and crude oil. When aggregated,more » the data reported by these sectors approximately represent the consumption of petroleum products in the United States. Data presented in the PSM are divided into two sections (1) the Summary Statistics and (2) the Detailed Statistics. Explanatory Notes, located at the end of this publication, present information describing data collection, sources, estimation methodology, data quality control procedures, modifications to reporting requirements and interpretation of tables. Industry terminology and product definitions are listed alphabetically in the Glossary. 12 figs., 54 tabs.« less

LANDSAT landcover information applied to regional planning decisions. [Prince Edward County, Virginia

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dixon, C. M.

1981-01-01

Land cover information derived from LANDSAT is being utilized by Piedmont Planning District Commission located in the State of Virginia. Progress to date is reported on a level one land cover classification map being produced with nine categories. The nine categories of classification are defined. The computer compatible tape selection is presented. Two unsupervised classifications were done, with 50 and 70 classes respectively. Twenty-eight spectral classes were developed using the supervised technique, employing actual ground truth training sites. The accuracy of the unsupervised classifications are estimated through comparison with local county statistics and with an actual pixel count of LANDSAT information compared to ground truth.

Rain rate duration statistics derived from the Mid-Atlantic coast rain gauge network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goldhirsh, Julius

1993-01-01

A rain gauge network comprised of 10 tipping bucket rain gauges located in the Mid-Atlantic coast of the United States has been in continuous operation since June 1, 1986. Rain rate distributions and estimated slant path fade distributions at 20 GHz and 30 GHz covering the first five year period were derived from the gauge network measurements, and these results were described by Goldhirsh. In this effort, rain rate time duration statistics are presented. The rain duration statistics are of interest for better understanding the physical nature of precipitation and to present a data base which may be used by modelers to convert to slant path fade duration statistics. Such statistics are important for better assessing optimal coding procedures over defined bandwidths.

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 1995. Part 4 : waterways and harbors, Pacific Coast, Alaska and Hawaii

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 4 is one of a series publications which provides statistics on foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on movements of vess...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 2001. Part 4 : waterways and harbors, Pacific Coast, Alaska and Hawaii

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 4 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 2001. Part 2 : waterways and harbors Gulf Coast, Mississippi River System and Antilles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 2 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

Waterborne commerce of the United States, calendar year 1995. Part 2 : waterways and harbors, Gulf Coast, Mississippi River System and Antilles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 2 is one of a series publications which provides statistics on foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on movements of vess...

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, calendar year 1999. Part 2 : waterways and harbors Gulf Coast, Mississippi River System and Antilles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-01-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, Part 2 is one of a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, Parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, calendar year 2000. Part 4 : waterways and harbors Pacific Coast, Alaska and Hawaii

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-02-01

Waterborne Commerce of the United States, WCUS, part 4 is one if a series of publications which provides statistics on the foreign and domestic waterborne commerce moved on the United States waters. WCUS, parts 1-4 present detailed data on the moveme...

We, the Asian and Pacific Islander Americans.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Dwight L.; And Others

Demographic data are presented about the people who have immigrated to the United States from Asia and the Pacific Islands. Twelve figures (pie charts, bar graphs, and maps), and eight tables provide detailed, statistical information on such things as (1) distribution of Asians and Pacific Islanders in the United States, (2) states with the…

Developments in School Finance. Fiscal Proceedings from the Annual NCES State Data Conference (July 28-30, 1993).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, William J., Jr., Ed.

State legislation and new funding mechanisms have changed the traditional landscape of school financing. This publication contains papers by presenters at the annual National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) State Data Conference. Following the foreword, acknowledgments, introduction, and overview, the papers include: (1) "Testimony to the…

Controlling excited-state contamination in nucleon matrix elements

DOE PAGES

Yoon, Boram; Gupta, Rajan; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy; ...

2016-06-08

We present a detailed analysis of methods to reduce statistical errors and excited-state contamination in the calculation of matrix elements of quark bilinear operators in nucleon states. All the calculations were done on a 2+1-flavor ensemble with lattices of size 32 3 × 64 generated using the rational hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm at a = 0.081 fm and with M π = 312 MeV. The statistical precision of the data is improved using the all-mode-averaging method. We compare two methods for reducing excited-state contamination: a variational analysis and a 2-state fit to data at multiple values of the source-sink separationmore » t sep. We show that both methods can be tuned to significantly reduce excited-state contamination and discuss their relative advantages and cost effectiveness. As a result, a detailed analysis of the size of source smearing used in the calculation of quark propagators and the range of values of t sep needed to demonstrate convergence of the isovector charges of the nucleon to the t sep → ∞ estimates is presented.« less

Teaching Statistics in Middle School Mathematics Classrooms: Making Links with Mathematics but Avoiding Statistical Reasoning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Savard, Annie; Manuel, Dominic

2015-01-01

Statistics is a domain that is taught in Mathematics in all school levels. We suggest a potential in using an interdisciplinary approach with this concept. Thus the development of the understanding of a situation might mean to use both mathematical and statistical reasoning. In this paper, we present two case studies where two middle school…

The Effects of Express Lane Eligibility on Medicaid and CHIP Enrollment among Children

PubMed Central

Blavin, Fredric; Kenney, Genevieve M; Huntress, Michael

2014-01-01

Objective To estimate the impact of Express Lane Eligible (ELE) implementation on Medicaid/CHIP enrollment in eight states. Data Sources/Study Setting 2007 to 2011 data from the Statistical Enrollment Data System (SEDS) on Medicaid/CHIP enrollment. Study Design We estimate difference-in-difference equations, with quarter and state fixed effects. The key independent variable is an indicator for whether the state had ELE in place in the given quarter, allowing the experience of statistically matched non-ELE states to serve as a formal counterfactual against which to assess the changes in the eight ELE states. The model also controls for time-varying economic and policy factors within each state. Data Collection/Extraction Methods We obtained SEDS enrollment data from CMS. Principal Findings Across model specifications, the ELE effects on Medicaid enrollment among children were consistently positive, ranging between 4.0 and 7.3 percent, with most estimates statistically significant at the 5 percent level. We also find that ELE increased combined Medicaid/CHIP enrollment. Conclusions Our results imply that ELE has been an effective way for states to increase enrollment and retention among children eligible for Medicaid/CHIP. These results also imply that ELE-like policies could improve take-up of subsidized coverage under the ACA. PMID:24476128

A Guide to State and Local-Level Indicators of Child Well-Being Available through the Federal Statistical System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Brett V.; Botsko, Christopher

Over the last several years there has been a steadily growing interest in the availability of data that can be used to track the well-being of children, largely due to national and state Kids Count projects. This report reviews 15 federal data sources from which child indicators can be assessed and tracked over time for many states and localities.…

Who Does Not Benefit from Federal and State Financial Aid Programs? Information Brief. Volume 7, Issue 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida Board of Governors, State University System, 2009

2009-01-01

This brief presents statistics showing that many students from middle-income and lower-income Florida families do not qualify for federal or state grants and scholarships, and that nearly half of state university system middle- and lower-income families do not receive benefits from federal or state financial aid programs. (Contains technical…

Comparing Mini-Mental State Examination and Attention and Digit Span in elderly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans.

PubMed

Lin, Kao-Chang; Huang, Po-Chang; Yeh, Poh-Shiow; Kuo, Jinn-Rung; Ke, Der-Shin

2010-12-01

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) are known to affect central nervous functioning. In recent studies, elderly patients who have been exposed to these have been noted to have psychological deficits. There is little known about which test is sensitive to neurotoxins in cognitive evaluation. The objective of the present study was to compare the significance between selective psychological tests in cognitive assessment in PCB-laden elderly. A retrospective PCB/PCDF exposed cohort was observed. Exposed elderly aged ≥ 60 years and registered in Central Health Administration were enrolled, and similar age- and sex-matched subjects served as non-exposed controls. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Attention and Digit Span (ADS) were tested in both groups. Student's t-test, χ(2) -test and linear regression models were used for statistical analysis.  A total of 165 exposed patients and 151 controls were analyzed. The exposed group included 49% men, a mean age of 69.3 ± 6.4 years and an education level of 4.0 ± 3.9 years. The controls included 52% men, a mean age of 69.9 ± 5.5 years and an education level of 4.5 ± 3.2 years. There was no statistical difference in MMSE before and after adjusting for the confounding variables of age, sex and education (P= 0.16 vs P= 0.12). However, ADS-forward and ADS-total scores showed a significant decline in the exposed subjects (P= 0.0001 vs P= 0.001). Using a linear regression among stratified PCB and cognitive functioning (≤30 ppb; 31-89; ≥90), a dose effect was found at the medium (31-89 ppb) and high exposure (≧90 ppb) levels. Our observations showed attention and short-term memory were impaired in PCB-laden elderly patients. Higher exposure level showed lower cognitive functioning in ADS. The MMSE was insensitive to neurotoxins. The present study shows that the selective test has a decisive role in toxic-related cognitive assessments. © 2010 The Authors. Psychogeriatrics © 2010 Japanese Psychogeriatric Society.

Handling missing Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) values: Results from a cross-sectional long-term-care study.

PubMed

Godin, Judith; Keefe, Janice; Andrew, Melissa K

2017-04-01

Missing values are commonly encountered on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), particularly when administered to frail older people. This presents challenges for MMSE scoring in research settings. We sought to describe missingness in MMSEs administered in long-term-care facilities (LTCF) and to compare and contrast approaches to dealing with missing items. As part of the Care and Construction project in Nova Scotia, Canada, LTCF residents completed an MMSE. Different methods of dealing with missing values (e.g., use of raw scores, raw scores/number of items attempted, scale-level multiple imputation [MI], and blended approaches) are compared to item-level MI. The MMSE was administered to 320 residents living in 23 LTCF. The sample was predominately female (73%), and 38% of participants were aged >85 years. At least one item was missing from 122 (38.2%) of the MMSEs. Data were not Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), χ 2 (1110) = 1,351, p < 0.001. Using raw scores for those missing <6 items in combination with scale-level MI resulted in the regression coefficients and standard errors closest to item-level MI. Patterns of missing items often suggest systematic problems, such as trouble with manual dexterity, literacy, or visual impairment. While these observations may be relatively easy to take into account in clinical settings, non-random missingness presents challenges for research and must be considered in statistical analyses. We present suggestions for dealing with missing MMSE data based on the extent of missingness and the goal of analyses. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An improved exceedance theory for combined random stresses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lester, H. C.

1974-01-01

An extension is presented of Rice's classic solution for the exceedances of a constant level by a single random process to its counterpart for an n-dimensional vector process. An interaction boundary, analogous to the constant level considered by Rice for the one-dimensional case, is assumed in the form of a hypersurface. The theory for the numbers of boundary exceedances is developed by using a joint statistical approach which fully accounts for all cross-correlation effects. An exact expression is derived for the n-dimensional exceedance density function, which is valid for an arbitrary interaction boundary. For application to biaxial states of combined random stress, the general theory is reduced to the two-dimensional case. An elliptical stress interaction boundary is assumed and the exact expression for the density function is presented. The equations are expressed in a format which facilitates calculating the exceedances by numerically evaluating a line integral. The behavior of the density function for the two-dimensional case is briefly discussed.

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 231

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Browne, E.; Tuli, J.K.

Spectroscopic data for all nuclei with mass number A=231 have been evaluated, and the corresponding level schemes from radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented. Highlights of this evaluation include: A new interpretation of γ–ray spectroscopic results measured with the GAMMASPHERE spectrometer (2002AbZV, 2000JaZY, 1999Br17) has established the level structure of the ground state rotational band 1/2[400] up to spin/parity 45/2+ in {sup 231}Ac. Precise measurements of energies and cross sections of scattered tritons from the {sup 232}Th(d,t) reaction has produced or confirmed the identification of several rotational bands in {sup 231}Th. The alpha hindrance factors (HF) presented in thismore » evaluation were calculated using values of the radius parameter (r{sub 0}) interpolated from those for even–even adjacent nuclei given in 1998Ak04. The Limitation of Relative Statistical Weight (LWM) method (1985ZiZY) has been used for discrepant data throughout this evaluation.« less

Electric power quarterly, July--September 1988

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1989-01-19

The Electric Power Quarterly (EPQ) is prepared by the Electric Power Division; Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels; Energy Information Administration (EIA). The EPQ is designed to provide energy decisionmakers with accurate and timely generation and fuel cost and quality information on a plant-by-plant basis. This publication is designed for applications by electric utilities, fuel suppliers, consumers, educational institutions, and government in recognition of the importance of energy planning. The EPQ presents monthly summaries of electric utility statistics at the national, Census division, state, company, and plant levels on the following subjects: quantity of fuel; cost of fuel;more » quality of fuel; net generation; fuel consumption, and fuel stocks. In addition, the EPQ presents a quarterly summary of reported major disturbances and unusual occurrences. 1 fig., 15 tabs.« less

Monitoring alert and drowsy states by modeling EEG source nonstationarity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hsu, Sheng-Hsiou; Jung, Tzyy-Ping

2017-10-01

Objective. As a human brain performs various cognitive functions within ever-changing environments, states of the brain characterized by recorded brain activities such as electroencephalogram (EEG) are inevitably nonstationary. The challenges of analyzing the nonstationary EEG signals include finding neurocognitive sources that underlie different brain states and using EEG data to quantitatively assess the state changes. Approach. This study hypothesizes that brain activities under different states, e.g. levels of alertness, can be modeled as distinct compositions of statistically independent sources using independent component analysis (ICA). This study presents a framework to quantitatively assess the EEG source nonstationarity and estimate levels of alertness. The framework was tested against EEG data collected from 10 subjects performing a sustained-attention task in a driving simulator. Main results. Empirical results illustrate that EEG signals under alert versus drowsy states, indexed by reaction speeds to driving challenges, can be characterized by distinct ICA models. By quantifying the goodness-of-fit of each ICA model to the EEG data using the model deviation index (MDI), we found that MDIs were significantly correlated with the reaction speeds (r  =  -0.390 with alertness models and r  =  0.449 with drowsiness models) and the opposite correlations indicated that the two models accounted for sources in the alert and drowsy states, respectively. Based on the observed source nonstationarity, this study also proposes an online framework using a subject-specific ICA model trained with an initial (alert) state to track the level of alertness. For classification of alert against drowsy states, the proposed online framework achieved an averaged area-under-curve of 0.745 and compared favorably with a classic power-based approach. Significance. This ICA-based framework provides a new way to study changes of brain states and can be applied to monitoring cognitive or mental states of human operators in attention-critical settings or in passive brain-computer interfaces.

A comparison of dental hygienists' salaries to state dental supervision levels.

PubMed

Catlett, April

2014-12-01

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of dental supervision on registered dental hygienists' salaries in the 50 states and District of Columbia by comparing the average dental hygiene salaries from the largest metropolitan city within each state from May 2011, the most recent valid data, in relation to the required level of dental supervision. A retrospective contrasted-group quasi-experimental design analysis was conducted using the most current mean dental hygiene salaries for the largest metropolitan city within each state and the District of Columbia which was matched to the appropriate dental supervision level. In addition, a dental assisting salary control group was utilized and correlated to the appropriate dental hygienist salary in the same metropolitan city and state. Samples were obtained from the U.S. Department of Labor. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) statistical analysis was utilized to assess the relationship of the 5 levels of dentist supervision, with the registered dental hygienist salaries. The MANOVA analysis was also utilized to assess the control group, dental assistant salaries. No statistically significant results were found among the dental supervision levels on the measures of dental hygiene salaries and dental assistant salaries. Wilks's Λ=0.81, F (8, 90)=1.29, p=0.26. Analyses of variances (ANOVA) on the dependent variables were also conducted as follow-up tests to the MANOVA. Study results suggest dental hygienists who are required to have a dentist on the premises to complete any dental treatment obtain similar salaries to those dental hygienists who are allowed to work in some settings unsupervised by a dentist. Therefore, dental supervision does not seem to have an impact on dental hygienists' salaries. Copyright © 2014 The American Dental Hygienists’ Association.

Quantification of uncertainty associated with United States high resolution fossil fuel CO2 emissions: updates, challenges and future plans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gurney, K. R.; Chandrasekaran, V.; Mendoza, D. L.; Geethakumar, S.

2010-12-01

The Vulcan Project has estimated United States fossil fuel CO2 emissions at the hourly time scale and at spatial scales below the county level for the year 2002. Vulcan is built from a wide variety of observational data streams including regulated air pollutant emissions reporting, traffic monitoring, energy statistics, and US census data. In addition to these data sets, Vulcan relies on a series of modeling assumptions and constructs to interpolate in space, time and transform non-CO2 reporting into an estimate of CO2 combustion emissions. The recent version 2.0 of the Vulcan inventory has produced advances in a number of categories with particular emphasis on improved temporal structure. Onroad transportation emissions now avail of roughly 5000 automated traffic count monitors allowing for much improved diurnal and weekly time structure in our onroad transportation emissions. Though the inventory shows excellent agreement with independent national-level CO2 emissions estimates, uncertainty quantification has been a challenging task given the large number of data sources and numerous modeling assumptions. However, we have now accomplished a complete uncertainty estimate across all the Vulcan economic sectors and will present uncertainty estimates as a function of space, time, sector and fuel. We find that, like the underlying distribution of CO2 emissions themselves, the uncertainty is also strongly lognormal with high uncertainty associated with a relatively small number of locations. These locations typically are locations reliant upon coal combustion as the dominant CO2 source. We will also compare and contrast Vulcan fossil fuel CO2 emissions estimates against estimates built from DOE fuel-based surveys at the state level. We conclude that much of the difference between the Vulcan inventory and DOE statistics are not due to biased estimation but mechanistic differences in supply versus demand and combustion in space/time.

Decays of J/psi (3100) to baryon final states

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Eaton, M.W.

We present results for the decays of psi(3100) into baryon and hyperon final states. The sample studied here consists of 1.3 million produced psi decays. The decays into nonstrange baryons agree well with currently established results, but with better statistics. In addition, significant resonance formation in multibody final states is observed. The decay psi ..-->.. anti pp..gamma.., the first direct photon decay of the psi involving baryons in the final state, is presented and the theoretical implications of the decays are briefly explored. Several new decays of the psi involving strange baryons are explored, including the first observations of threemore » body final states involving hyperons. The I-spin symmetry of the strong decay psi ..-->.. baryons has clearly been observed. The reduced matrix elements for psi ..-->.. B anti B are presented for final states of different SU(3) content. The B/sub 8/ anti B/sub 8/ results are in excellent agreement with the psi being an SU(3) singlet as are the results for psi ..-->.. B/sub 10/ anti B/sub 10/. We present the first evidence for the SU(3) violating decays of the type psi ..-->.. B/sub 8/ anti B/sub 10/ + c.c.. Angular distributions for psi ..-->.. B/sub 8/ anti B/sub 8/ are presented and compared with theoretical predictions. Statistics are limited, but the data tends to prefer other than a 1 + Cos/sup 2/theta distribution.« less

Estimated timber harvest by U.S. region and ownership, 1950-2002.

Treesearch

Darius M. Adams; Richard W. Haynes; Adam J. Daigneault

2006-01-01

This publication provides estimates of total softwood and hardwood harvests by region and owner for the United States from 1950 to 2002. These data are generally not available in a consistent fashion and have to be estimated from state-level data, forest resource inventory statistics, and production of forest products. This publication describes the estimation process...

Interstate Survey: What Do Voters Say about K-12 Education in Six States? Polling Paper No. 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiPerna, Paul

2010-01-01

The core purpose of the Interstate Survey series is to survey statistically representative statewide samples and report the "levels" and "gaps" of voter opinion, knowledge, and awareness when it comes to K-12 education and school choice reforms--particularly with respect to state performance, education spending, graduation…

A School District Financial Condition Assessment System and Its Application to Pennsylvania School Districts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruck, W. Earl; Miltenberger, Lauren

2013-01-01

The funding of public education in America has been a primary concern for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels for several generations. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, this expenditure accounts for the single largest allocation in most state and local government operating budgets (Stanley and…

Ground winds and winds aloft for Edwards AFB, California (1978 revision)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, D. L.; Brown, S. C.

1978-01-01

Ground level runway wind statistics for the Edwards AFB, California area are presented. Crosswind, headwind, tailwind, and headwind reversal percentage frequencies are given with respect to month and hour for the two major Edwards AFB runways. Also presented are Edwards AFB bivariate normal wind statistics for a 90 degree flight azimuth for altitudes 0 through 27 km. Wind probability distributions and statistics for any rotation of axes can be computed from the five given parameters.

Russian Schools: The Information Revolution Continues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zair-Bek, S. I.; Belikov, A. A.; Plekhanov, A. A.

2017-01-01

This article presents educational statistics that reflect the basic indicators describing the state of information technology infrastructure in secondary general education in 2014. This research seeks to analyze how Russia's Federal State Educational Standards governing secondary general education facilitate the creation of information-based…

Assessment of technological level of stem cell research using principal component analysis.

PubMed

Do Cho, Sung; Hwan Hyun, Byung; Kim, Jae Kyeom

2016-01-01

In general, technological levels have been assessed based on specialist's opinion through the methods such as Delphi. But in such cases, results could be significantly biased per study design and individual expert. In this study, therefore scientific literatures and patents were selected by means of analytic indexes for statistic approach and technical assessment of stem cell fields. The analytic indexes, numbers and impact indexes of scientific literatures and patents, were weighted based on principal component analysis, and then, were summated into the single value. Technological obsolescence was calculated through the cited half-life of patents issued by the United States Patents and Trademark Office and was reflected in technological level assessment. As results, ranks of each nation's in reference to the technology level were rated by the proposed method. Furthermore we were able to evaluate strengthens and weaknesses thereof. Although our empirical research presents faithful results, in the further study, there is a need to compare the existing methods and the suggested method.

The economic burden of elevated blood glucose levels in 2012: diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus, and prediabetes.

PubMed

Dall, Timothy M; Yang, Wenya; Halder, Pragna; Pang, Bo; Massoudi, Marjan; Wintfeld, Neil; Semilla, April P; Franz, Jerry; Hogan, Paul F

2014-12-01

To update estimates of the economic burden of undiagnosed diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus in 2012 in the U.S. and to present state-level estimates. Combined with published estimates for diagnosed diabetes, these statistics provide a detailed picture of the economic costs associated with elevated glucose levels. This study estimated health care use and medical expenditures in excess of expected levels occurring in the absence of diabetes or prediabetes. Data sources that were analyzed include Optum medical claims for ∼4.9 million commercially insured patients who were continuously enrolled from 2010 to 2012, Medicare Standard Analytical Files containing medical claims for ∼2.6 million Medicare patients in 2011, and the 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample containing ∼7.8 million hospital discharge records. The indirect economic burden includes reduced labor force participation, missed workdays, and reduced productivity. State-level estimates reflect geographic variation in prevalence, risk factors, and prices. The economic burden associated with diagnosed diabetes (all ages) and undiagnosed diabetes, gestational diabetes, and prediabetes (adults) exceeded $322 billion in 2012, consisting of $244 billion in excess medical costs and $78 billion in reduced productivity. Combined, this amounts to an economic burden exceeding $1,000 for each American in 2012. This national estimate is 48% higher than the $218 billion estimate for 2007. The burden per case averaged $10,970 for diagnosed diabetes, $5,800 for gestational diabetes, $4,030 for undiagnosed diabetes, and $510 for prediabetes. These statistics underscore the importance of finding ways to reduce the burden of prediabetes and diabetes through prevention and treatment. © 2014 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.

A Complete Set of Radiative and Auger Rates for K-vacancy States in Fe XVIII-Fe XXV

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmeri, P.; Mendoza, C.; Kallman, T. R.; Bautista, M. A.

2002-01-01

A complete set of level energies, wavelengths, A-values, and total and partial Auger rates have been computed for transitions involving the K-vacancy states within the n = 2 complex of Fe XVIII-Fe XXV. Three different standard numerical packages are used for this purpose, namely AUTOSTRUCTURE, the Breit-Pauli R-matrix suite (BPRM) and HFR, which allow reliable estimates of the physical effects involved and of the accuracy of the resulting data sets. It is found that the Breit interaction must be always taken into account as the contributions to the small A-values and partial Auger rates does not decrease with electron occupancy. Semi-empirical adjustments can also lead to large differences in both the radiative and Auger decay data of strongly mixed levels. Several experimental energy levels and wavelengths are questioned, and significant discrepancies are found with previously computed decay rates that are attributed to numerical problems. The statistical accuracy of the present level energies and wavelengths is ranked at plus or minus 3 eV and plus or minus 2 mAngstroms, respectively, whereas that for A-values and partial Auger rates greater than 10(exp 13) per second is estimated at better than 20%.

Forest statistics of central and northern Indiana

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1952-01-01

The Forest Survey is conducted in the various regions by the forest experiment stations of the Forest Service. In Indiana the project is directed by the Central States Forest Experiment Station with headquarters in Columbus, Ohio. This Survey Release presents the more significant preliminary statistics on the forest area and timber volume for Central and Northern...

Forest statistics of eastern Kentucky

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1952-01-01

The Forest Survey is conducted in the various regions by the forest experiment stations of the Forest Service. In Kentucky the project is directed by the Central States Forest Experiment Station with headquarters in Columbus, Ohio. This Survey Release presents the more significant preliminary statistics on the forest area and timber volume for the Eastern Kentucky...

Forest statistics of Indiana

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1953-01-01

The Forest Survey is conducted in the various regions by the forest experiment stations of the Forest Service. In Indiana the project is directed by the Central States Forest Experiment Station with headquarters in Columbus, Ohio. This Survey Release presents the more significant preliminary statistics on the forest area timber volume, timber growth, and timber drain...

Forest statistics of Kentucky

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1952-01-01

The Forest Survey is conducted in the various regions by the forest experiment stations of the Forest Service. In Kentucky the project is directed by the Central States Forest Experiment Station with headquarters in Columbus, Ohio. This Survey Release presents the more significant preliminary statistics on the forest area, timber volume, timber growth, and timber drain...

Education Statistics: A Pocket Digest, March 1987.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for Education Statistics (ED/OERI), Washington, DC.

Data on enrollments, student characteristics, number of teachers, and finance are reported for public and private U.S. colleges and elementary and secondary schools for 1970-1971, 1975-1976, 1980-1981, and 1985-1986. Statistics are also presented on: public school revenues by source of funds (federal, state, local); high school graduates by…

USA by Numbers: A Statistical Portrait of the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weber, Susan, Ed.

This book presents demographic data about a variety of U.S. public policies, social problems, and environmental issues. The issues and problems that the statistics illustrate (such as overflowing garbage dumps, homelessness, child poverty, and smog and water pollution) are connected with, and the consequences of, the expanding U.S. population. The…

U.S. Virgin Islands 1983-84 School Statistical Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romain, Louise

The 1984 edition of the United States Virgin Islands School Statistical Summary presents narratives, 48 tables, and 7 graphic illustrations of education in public and private elementary and secondary schools during the 1983-84 school year. Tables provide data on the U.S. Virgin Islands demography and economy, enrollment and average daily…

Advance Report of Final Mortality Statistics, 1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 1987

1987-01-01

This document presents mortality statistics for 1985 for the entire United States. Data analysis and discussion of these factors is included: death and death rates; death rates by age, sex, and race; expectation of life at birth and at specified ages; causes of death; infant mortality; and maternal mortality. Highlights reported include: (1) the…

The Assessment of Climatological Impacts on Agricultural Production and Residential Energy Demand

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cooter, Ellen Jean

The assessment of climatological impacts on selected economic activities is presented as a multi-step, inter -disciplinary problem. The assessment process which is addressed explicitly in this report focuses on (1) user identification, (2) direct impact model selection, (3) methodological development, (4) product development and (5) product communication. Two user groups of major economic importance were selected for study; agriculture and gas utilities. The broad agricultural sector is further defined as U.S.A. corn production. The general category of utilities is narrowed to Oklahoma residential gas heating demand. The CERES physiological growth model was selected as the process model for corn production. The statistical analysis for corn production suggests that (1) although this is a statistically complex model, it can yield useful impact information, (2) as a result of output distributional biases, traditional statistical techniques are not adequate analytical tools, (3) the model yield distribution as a whole is probably non-Gausian, particularly in the tails and (4) there appears to be identifiable weekly patterns of forecasted yields throughout the growing season. Agricultural quantities developed include point yield impact estimates and distributional characteristics, geographic corn weather distributions, return period estimates, decision making criteria (confidence limits) and time series of indices. These products were communicated in economic terms through the use of a Bayesian decision example and an econometric model. The NBSLD energy load model was selected to represent residential gas heating consumption. A cursory statistical analysis suggests relationships among weather variables across the Oklahoma study sites. No linear trend in "technology -free" modeled energy demand or input weather variables which would correspond to that contained in observed state -level residential energy use was detected. It is suggested that this trend is largely the result of non-weather factors such as population and home usage patterns rather than regional climate change. Year-to-year changes in modeled residential heating demand on the order of 10('6) Btu's per household were determined and later related to state -level components of the Oklahoma economy. Products developed include the definition of regional forecast areas, likelihood estimates of extreme seasonal conditions and an energy/climate index. This information is communicated in economic terms through an input/output model which is used to estimate changes in Gross State Product and Household income attributable to weather variability.

Publication bias in animal research presented at the 2008 Society of Critical Care Medicine Conference.

PubMed

Conradi, Una; Joffe, Ari R

2017-07-07

To determine a direct measure of publication bias by determining subsequent full-paper publication (P) of studies reported in animal research abstracts presented at an international conference (A). We selected 100 random (using a random-number generator) A from the 2008 Society of Critical Care Medicine Conference. Using a data collection form and study manual, we recorded methodology and result variables from A. We searched PubMed and EMBASE to June 2015, and DOAJ and Google Scholar to May 2017 to screen for subsequent P. Methodology and result variables were recorded from P to determine changes in reporting from A. Predictors of P were examined using Fisher's Exact Test. 62% (95% CI 52-71%) of studies described in A were subsequently P after a median 19 [IQR 9-33.3] months from conference presentation. Reporting of studies in A was of low quality: randomized 27% (the method of randomization and allocation concealment not described), blinded 0%, sample-size calculation stated 0%, specifying the primary outcome 26%, numbers given with denominators 6%, and stating number of animals used 47%. Only being an orally presented (vs. poster presented) A (14/16 vs. 48/84, p = 0.025) predicted P. Reporting of studies in P was of poor quality: randomized 39% (the method of randomization and allocation concealment not described), likely blinded 6%, primary outcome specified 5%, sample size calculation stated 0%, numbers given with denominators 34%, and number of animals used stated 56%. Changes in reporting from A to P occurred: from non-randomized to randomized 19%, from non-blinded to blinded 6%, from negative to positive outcomes 8%, from having to not having a stated primary outcome 16%, and from non-statistically to statistically significant findings 37%. Post-hoc, using publication data, P was predicted by having positive outcomes (published 62/62, unpublished 33/38; p = 0.003), or statistically significant results (published 58/62, unpublished 20/38; p < 0.001). Only 62% (95% CI 52-71%) of animal research A are subsequently P; this was predicted by oral presentation of the A, finally having positive outcomes, and finally having statistically significant results. Publication bias is prevalent in critical care animal research.

Attitude of teaching faculty towards statistics at a medical university in Karachi, Pakistan.

PubMed

Khan, Nazeer; Mumtaz, Yasmin

2009-01-01

Statistics is mainly used in biological research to verify the clinicians and researchers findings and feelings, and gives scientific validity for their inferences. In Pakistan, the educational curriculum is developed in such a way that the students who are interested in entering in the field of biological sciences do not study mathematics after grade 10. Therefore, due to their fragile background of mathematical skills, the Pakistani medical professionals feel that they do not have adequate base to understand the basic concepts of statistical techniques when they try to use it in their research or read a scientific article. The aim of the study was to assess the attitude of medical faculty towards statistics. A questionnaire containing 42 close-ended and 4 open-ended questions, related to the attitude and knowledge of statistics, was distributed among the teaching faculty of Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS). One hundred and sixty-seven filled questionnaires were returned from 374 faculty members (response rate 44.7%). Forty-three percent of the respondents claimed that they had 'introductive' level of statistics courses, 63% of the respondents strongly agreed that a good researcher must have some training in statistics, 82% of the faculty was in favour (strongly agreed or agreed) that statistics was really useful for research. Only 17% correctly stated that statistics is the science of uncertainty. Half of the respondents accepted that they have problem of writing the statistical section of the article. 64% of the subjects indicated that statistical teaching methods were the main reasons for the impression of its difficulties. 53% of the faculty indicated that the co-authorship of the statistician should depend upon his/her contribution in the study. Gender did not show any significant difference among the responses. However, senior faculty showed higher level of the importance for the use of statistics and difficulties of writing result section of articles as compared to junior faculty. The study showed a low level of knowledge, but high level of the awareness for the use of statistical techniques in research and exhibited a good level of motivation for further training.

Statistical Techniques to Analyze Pesticide Data Program Food Residue Observations.

PubMed

Szarka, Arpad Z; Hayworth, Carol G; Ramanarayanan, Tharacad S; Joseph, Robert S I

2018-06-26

The U.S. EPA conducts dietary-risk assessments to ensure that levels of pesticides on food in the U.S. food supply are safe. Often these assessments utilize conservative residue estimates, maximum residue levels (MRLs), and a high-end estimate derived from registrant-generated field-trial data sets. A more realistic estimate of consumers' pesticide exposure from food may be obtained by utilizing residues from food-monitoring programs, such as the Pesticide Data Program (PDP) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. A substantial portion of food-residue concentrations in PDP monitoring programs are below the limits of detection (left-censored), which makes the comparison of regulatory-field-trial and PDP residue levels difficult. In this paper, we present a novel adaption of established statistical techniques, the Kaplan-Meier estimator (K-M), the robust regression on ordered statistic (ROS), and the maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE), to quantify the pesticide-residue concentrations in the presence of heavily censored data sets. The examined statistical approaches include the most commonly used parametric and nonparametric methods for handling left-censored data that have been used in the fields of medical and environmental sciences. This work presents a case study in which data of thiamethoxam residue on bell pepper generated from registrant field trials were compared with PDP-monitoring residue values. The results from the statistical techniques were evaluated and compared with commonly used simple substitution methods for the determination of summary statistics. It was found that the maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) is the most appropriate statistical method to analyze this residue data set. Using the MLE technique, the data analyses showed that the median and mean PDP bell pepper residue levels were approximately 19 and 7 times lower, respectively, than the corresponding statistics of the field-trial residues.

A quantitative analysis of factors influencing the professional longevity of high school science teachers in Florida

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ridgley, James Alexander, Jr.

This dissertation is an exploratory quantitative analysis of various independent variables to determine their effect on the professional longevity (years of service) of high school science teachers in the state of Florida for the academic years 2011-2012 to 2013-2014. Data are collected from the Florida Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, and the National Assessment of Educational Progress databases. The following research hypotheses are examined: H1 - There are statistically significant differences in Level 1 (teacher variables) that influence the professional longevity of a high school science teacher in Florida. H2 - There are statistically significant differences in Level 2 (school variables) that influence the professional longevity of a high school science teacher in Florida. H3 - There are statistically significant differences in Level 3 (district variables) that influence the professional longevity of a high school science teacher in Florida. H4 - When tested in a hierarchical multiple regression, there are statistically significant differences in Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 that influence the professional longevity of a high school science teacher in Florida. The professional longevity of a Floridian high school science teacher is the dependent variable. The independent variables are: (Level 1) a teacher's sex, age, ethnicity, earned degree, salary, number of schools taught in, migration count, and various years of service in different areas of education; (Level 2) a school's geographic location, residential population density, average class size, charter status, and SES; and (Level 3) a school district's average SES and average spending per pupil. Statistical analyses of exploratory MLRs and a HMR are used to support the research hypotheses. The final results of the HMR analysis show a teacher's age, salary, earned degree (unknown, associate, and doctorate), and ethnicity (Hispanic and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander); a school's charter status; and a school district's average SES are all significant predictors of a Florida high school science teacher's professional longevity. Although statistically significant in the initial exploratory MLR analyses, a teacher's ethnicity (Asian and Black), a school's geographic location (city and rural), and a school's SES are not statistically significant in the final HMR model.

Theory of chaos regularization of tunneling in chaotic quantum dots.

PubMed

Lee, Ming-Jer; Antonsen, Thomas M; Ott, Edward; Pecora, Louis M

2012-11-01

Recent numerical experiments of Pecora et al. [Phys. Rev. E 83, 065201 (2011)] have investigated tunneling between two-dimensional symmetric double wells separated by a tunneling barrier. The wells were bounded by hard walls and by the potential barrier which was created by a step increase from the zero potential within a well to a uniform barrier potential within the barrier region, which is a situation potentially realizable in the context of quantum dots. Numerical results for the splitting of energy levels between symmetric and antisymmetric eigenstates were calculated. It was found that the splittings vary erratically from state to state, and the statistics of these variations were studied for different well shapes with the fluctuation levels being much less in chaotic wells than in comparable nonchaotic wells. Here we develop a quantitative theory for the statistics of the energy level splittings for chaotic wells. Our theory is based on the random plane wave hypothesis of Berry. While the fluctuation statistics are very different for chaotic and nonchaotic well dynamics, we show that the mean splittings of differently shaped wells, including integrable and chaotic wells, are the same if their well areas and barrier parameters are the same. We also consider the case of tunneling from a single well into a region with outgoing quantum waves.

Optical Clock Distribution to VLSI Chips

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-07-01

depletion layer edge represents a lower concentration of minority carriers, minority carriers generated outside the depletion layer statistically tend to...completed and the output voltage levels for the next state to be transfered to the intermediate buffer by means of the second pass transitor . Since 41...a sample size too small to have statistical significance, the results give an indication of the typical operating frequency that is possible with a

The Development of Statistical Literacy Skills in the Eighth Grade: Exploring the TIMSS Data to Evaluate Student Achievement and Teacher Characteristics in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mills, Jamie D.; Holloway, Charles E.

2013-01-01

This study investigated the relationship between student achievement in statistics and factors at the student and teacher/classroom levels using the US 8th-grade Data and Chance content domain from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, 2007 (TIMSS, 2007). Using variables that have been linked to mathematics and statistics…

Tsallis non-extensive statistics and solar wind plasma complexity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pavlos, G. P.; Iliopoulos, A. C.; Zastenker, G. N.; Zelenyi, L. M.; Karakatsanis, L. P.; Riazantseva, M. O.; Xenakis, M. N.; Pavlos, E. G.

2015-03-01

This article presents novel results revealing non-equilibrium phase transition processes in the solar wind plasma during a strong shock event, which took place on 26th September 2011. Solar wind plasma is a typical case of stochastic spatiotemporal distribution of physical state variables such as force fields (B → , E →) and matter fields (particle and current densities or bulk plasma distributions). This study shows clearly the non-extensive and non-Gaussian character of the solar wind plasma and the existence of multi-scale strong correlations from the microscopic to the macroscopic level. It also underlines the inefficiency of classical magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) or plasma statistical theories, based on the classical central limit theorem (CLT), to explain the complexity of the solar wind dynamics, since these theories include smooth and differentiable spatial-temporal functions (MHD theory) or Gaussian statistics (Boltzmann-Maxwell statistical mechanics). On the contrary, the results of this study indicate the presence of non-Gaussian non-extensive statistics with heavy tails probability distribution functions, which are related to the q-extension of CLT. Finally, the results of this study can be understood in the framework of modern theoretical concepts such as non-extensive statistical mechanics (Tsallis, 2009), fractal topology (Zelenyi and Milovanov, 2004), turbulence theory (Frisch, 1996), strange dynamics (Zaslavsky, 2002), percolation theory (Milovanov, 1997), anomalous diffusion theory and anomalous transport theory (Milovanov, 2001), fractional dynamics (Tarasov, 2013) and non-equilibrium phase transition theory (Chang, 1992).

Deaths: Leading Causes for 2014.

PubMed

Heron, Melonie

2016-06-01

Objectives-This report presents final 2014 data on the 10 leading causes of death in the United States by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Leading causes of infant, neonatal, and postneonatal death are also presented. This report supplements "Deaths: Final Data for 2014," the National Center for Health Statistics' annual report of final mortality statistics. All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.

Learning by Doing or Learning by Studying the History of Statistics? A Response to "The Sociology of Teaching Graduate Statistics"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farkas, George

2005-01-01

This article presents the author's response to Timothy Patrick Moran's article "The Sociology of Teaching Graduate Statistics." Since 1972, the author has taught the required graduate-level social statistics course in three different departments. During this time, he has seen the truth of the concerns that Moran expresses at the beginning of his…

REU program in Solar Physics at Montana State University

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martens, P. C.; Canfield, R. C.; McKenzie, D. M.

2005-12-01

I will present an overview of the REU program in Solar Physics and Space Weather that has existed since 1999 at Montana State University, since 2003 with NSF support. I will briefly describe the goals, organization, scientific contents and results, and present statistics on applications, participants, gender balance, and diversity. This will be concluded by an overview of our plans for the future,

Power spectral measurements of clear-air turbulence to long wavelengths for altitudes up to 14,000 meters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Murrow, H. N.; Mccain, W. E.; Rhyne, R. H.

1982-01-01

Measurements of three components of clear air atmospheric turbulence were made with an airplane incorporating a special instrumentation system to provide accurate data resolution to wavelengths of approximately 12,500 m (40,000 ft). Flight samplings covered an altitude range from approximately 500 to 14,000 m (1500 to 46,000 ft) in various meteorological conditions. Individual autocorrelation functions and power spectra for the three turbulence components from 43 data runs taken primarily from mountain wave and jet stream encounters are presented. The flight location (Eastern or Western United States), date, time, run length, intensity level (standard deviation), and values of statistical degrees of freedom for each run are provided in tabular form. The data presented should provide adequate information for detailed meteorological correlations. Some time histories which contain predominant low frequency wave motion are also presented.

Descriptive Statistics for Modern Test Score Distributions: Skewness, Kurtosis, Discreteness, and Ceiling Effects.

PubMed

Ho, Andrew D; Yu, Carol C

2015-06-01

Many statistical analyses benefit from the assumption that unconditional or conditional distributions are continuous and normal. More than 50 years ago in this journal, Lord and Cook chronicled departures from normality in educational tests, and Micerri similarly showed that the normality assumption is met rarely in educational and psychological practice. In this article, the authors extend these previous analyses to state-level educational test score distributions that are an increasingly common target of high-stakes analysis and interpretation. Among 504 scale-score and raw-score distributions from state testing programs from recent years, nonnormal distributions are common and are often associated with particular state programs. The authors explain how scaling procedures from item response theory lead to nonnormal distributions as well as unusual patterns of discreteness. The authors recommend that distributional descriptive statistics be calculated routinely to inform model selection for large-scale test score data, and they illustrate consequences of nonnormality using sensitivity studies that compare baseline results to those from normalized score scales.

AASC Recommendations for the Education of an Applied Climatologist

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nielsen-Gammon, J. W.; Stooksbury, D.; Akyuz, A.; Dupigny-Giroux, L.; Hubbard, K. G.; Timofeyeva, M. M.

2011-12-01

The American Association of State Climatologists (AASC) has developed curricular recommendations for the education of future applied and service climatologists. The AASC was founded in 1976. Membership of the AASC includes state climatologists and others who work in state climate offices; climate researchers in academia and educators; applied climatologists in NOAA and other federal agencies; and the private sector. The AASC is the only professional organization dedicated solely to the growth and development of applied and service climatology. The purpose of the recommendations is to offer a framework for existing and developing academic climatology programs. These recommendations are intended to serve as a road map and to help distinguish the educational needs for future applied climatologists from those of operational meteorologists or other scientists and practitioners. While the home department of climatology students may differ from one program to the next, the most essential factor is that students can demonstrate a breadth and depth of understanding in the knowledge and tools needed to be an applied climatologist. Because the training of an applied climatologist requires significant depth and breadth, the Masters degree is recommended as the minimum level of education needed. This presentation will highlight the AASC recommendations. These include a strong foundation in: - climatology (instrumentation and data collection, climate dynamics, physical climatology, synoptic and regional climatology, applied climatology, climate models, etc.) - basic natural sciences and mathematics including calculus, physics, chemistry, and biology/ecology - fundamental atmospheric sciences (atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric thermodynamics, atmospheric radiation, and weather analysis/synoptic meteorology) and - data analysis and spatial analysis (descriptive statistics, statistical methods, multivariate statistics, geostatistics, GIS, etc.). The recommendations also include a secondary area of concentration (agriculture, economics, geography, hydrology, marine sciences, natural resources, policy, etc.) and a major applied climate research component.

The level crossing rates and associated statistical properties of a random frequency response function

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Langley, Robin S.

2018-03-01

This work is concerned with the statistical properties of the frequency response function of the energy of a random system. Earlier studies have considered the statistical distribution of the function at a single frequency, or alternatively the statistics of a band-average of the function. In contrast the present analysis considers the statistical fluctuations over a frequency band, and results are obtained for the mean rate at which the function crosses a specified level (or equivalently, the average number of times the level is crossed within the band). Results are also obtained for the probability of crossing a specified level at least once, the mean rate of occurrence of peaks, and the mean trough-to-peak height. The analysis is based on the assumption that the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the system have statistical properties that are governed by the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE), and the validity of this assumption is demonstrated by comparison with numerical simulations for a random plate. The work has application to the assessment of the performance of dynamic systems that are sensitive to random imperfections.

Emerging State-Level Themes: Strengths and Stressors in Educational Accountability Reform. Topical Review 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nagle, Katherine

2005-01-01

The purpose of this topical review is to present Educational Policy Reform Research Institute's (EPRRI's) state-level qualitative findings collected during in depth interviews in the four core study states of California, Maryland, New York, and Texas. The data presented reflect the perspectives of state-level personnel who were involved with the…

Alabama Education Quick Facts, 2009-2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama Department of Education, 2010

2010-01-01

This brochure presents state statistics; Alabama public schools 2009-10; Alabama State Board of Education members; financial data; public school size and enrollment, 2009-10 school year; transportation; school meals; school personnel, 2009-2010; graduation requirements; student assessment; additional enrollment; and dropouts in school year 2008-09.

Women of Puerto Rican Origin in the Continental United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Employment Standards Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Women's Bureau.

This brief paper presents data on Puerto Rican women residing in the United States as of March of 1975. Information on population, age, marital status, household and family head, labor force participation, work experience, occupational, and income statistics is included. (Author/BS)

Comparison of Virginia's College and Career Ready Mathematics Performance Expectations with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Virginia Department of Education, 2010

2010-01-01

This paper presents a comparison of Virginia's mathematics performance expectations with the common core state standards for mathematics. The comparison focuses on number and quantity, algebra, functions, geometry, and statistics and probability. (Contains 1 footnote.)

A statistical-based approach for acoustic tomography of the atmosphere.

PubMed

Kolouri, Soheil; Azimi-Sadjadi, Mahmood R; Ziemann, Astrid

2014-01-01

Acoustic travel-time tomography of the atmosphere is a nonlinear inverse problem which attempts to reconstruct temperature and wind velocity fields in the atmospheric surface layer using the dependence of sound speed on temperature and wind velocity fields along the propagation path. This paper presents a statistical-based acoustic travel-time tomography algorithm based on dual state-parameter unscented Kalman filter (UKF) which is capable of reconstructing and tracking, in time, temperature, and wind velocity fields (state variables) as well as the dynamic model parameters within a specified investigation area. An adaptive 3-D spatial-temporal autoregressive model is used to capture the state evolution in the UKF. The observations used in the dual state-parameter UKF process consist of the acoustic time of arrivals measured for every pair of transmitter/receiver nodes deployed in the investigation area. The proposed method is then applied to the data set collected at the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg, Germany, as part of the STINHO experiment, and the reconstruction results are presented.

Federal Policies and Higher Education in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prisco, Anne; Hurley, Alicia D.; Carton, Thomas C; Richardson, Richard C., Jr.

The purpose of this report is to describe U.S. federal policies that have helped to shape the context within which state systems of higher education operated during the past decade. It also presents descriptive statistics about the higher education enterprise in the United States, including available performance data. The report is based on the…

Forest resources of the Riverborder region in Missouri

Treesearch

The Forest Survey Organization Central States Forest Experiment Station

1948-01-01

This Survey Release presents the more significant statistics on forest area and timber volume in the Riverborder region of eastern Missouri. Similar releases have been issued for the other forest regions of the State. A summary release giving similar data for the entire State will be published shortly. Later an analytical report for the State will be published, which...

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Missouri and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Missouri. Descriptive statistics are presented for Missouri and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Michigan and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Michigan. Descriptive statistics are presented for Michigan and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Iowa and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Iowa. Descriptive statistics are presented for Iowa and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population characteristics,…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Kansas and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Kansas. Descriptive statistics are presented for Kansas and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Ohio and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Ohio. Descriptive statistics are presented for Ohio and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population characteristics,…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Minnesota and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Minnesota. Descriptive statistics are presented for Minnesota and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Nebraska and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Nebraska. Descriptive statistics are presented for Nebraska and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Wisconsin and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Wisconsin. Descriptive statistics are presented for Wisconsin and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Indiana and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Indiana. Descriptive statistics are presented for Indiana and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Advancing Postsecondary Opportunity, Completion, and Productivity: Essential Performance Indicators for Illinois and Selected Peer States. 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwestern Higher Education Compact, 2014

2014-01-01

This report portrays various performance indicators that are intended to facilitate an assessment of the postsecondary education system in Illinois. Descriptive statistics are presented for Illinois and five other comparison states as well as the nation. Comparison states were selected according to the degree of similarity of population…

Rankings & Estimates: Rankings of the States 2016 and Estimates of School Statistics 2017

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Education Association, 2017

2017-01-01

The data presented in this combined report provide facts about the extent to which local, state, and national governments commit resources to public education. NEA Research offers this report to its state and local affiliates as well as to researchers, policymakers, and the public as a tool to examine public education policies, programs, and…

Demographic, Social, and Economic Profile of States: Spring 1976. Current Population Reports, Series P-20, No. 334.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norton, Arthur J., Ed.

This report presents statistics for the total United States, regions, divisions, and each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia based upon the 1976 Survey of Income and Education (SIE). The data provide a profile of the social and economic characteristics of the individual states. There are two sections of text: Demographic and Social…

The political context of social inequalities and health.

PubMed

Navarro, V; Shi, L

2001-02-01

This analysis reflects on the importance of political parties, and the policies they implement when in government, in determining the level of equalities/inequalities in a society, the extent of the welfare state (including the level of health care coverage by the state), the employment/unemployment rate, and the level of population health. The study looks at the impact of the major political traditions in the advanced OECD countries during the golden years of capitalism (1945-1980) -- social democratic, Christian democratic, liberal, and ex-fascist -- in four areas: (1) the main determinants of income inequalities, such as the overall distribution of income derived from capital versus labor, wage dispersion in the labor force, the redistributive effect of the welfare state, and the levels and types of employment/ unemployment; (2) levels of public expenditures and health care benefits coverage; (3) public support of services to families, such as child care and domiciliary care; and (4) the level of population health as measured by infant mortality rates. The results indicate that political traditions more committed to redistributive policies (both economic and social) and full-employment policies, such as the social democratic parties, were generally more successful in improving the health of populations, such as reducing infant mortality. The erroneous assumption of a conflict between social equity and economic efficiency, as in the liberal tradition, is also discussed. The study aims at filling a void in the growing health and social inequalities literature, which rarely touches on the importance of political forces in influencing inequalities. The data used in the study are largely from OECD health data for 1997 and 1998; the OECD statistical services; the comparative welfare state data set assembled by Huber, Ragin and Stephens; and the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Prevalence of nonspecific lumbar pain and associated factors among adolescents in Uruguaiana, state of Rio Grande do Sul☆☆☆

PubMed Central

Graup, Susane; de Araújo Bergmann, Mauren Lúcia; Bergmann, Gabriel Gustavo

2014-01-01

Objective To identify the prevalence of nonspecific lumbar pain and associated factors among adolescents in Uruguaiana, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods This was a cross-sectional school-based study conducted among adolescents aged 10–17 years who were enrolled in the day shift of the municipal and state educational systems of Uruguaiana. This study evaluated 1455 adolescents. The data-gathering procedures involved two stages. Firstly, a questionnaire on sociodemographic indicators, behavioral patterns and habits of the daily routine and history of nonspecific lumbar pain was applied. Subsequently, height, body mass, flexibility and abdominal strength/resistance measurements were evaluated. To analyze the data, univariate, bivariate and multivariable methods were used and the significance level was taken to be 5% for all the tests. Results The prevalence of lumbar pain among the adolescents evaluated was 16.1%. Grouped according to sex, the prevalence among males was 10.5% and among females, 21.6%. The variables of sex, body mass index, abdominal strength/resistance and physical activity level presented statistically significant associations with nonspecific lumbar pain. In the adjusted analysis, sex (OR = 2.36; p < 0.001), age (OR = 1.14; p < 0.001) and body mass index (OR = 1.44; p = 0.029) maintained significance in the final model. Conclusions Female adolescents of older age and who presented overweight or obesity had higher chances of developing nonspecific lumbar pain. PMID:26229878

Can the DSM-5 differentiate between nonpathological possession and dissociative identity disorder? A case study from an Afro-Brazilian religion.

PubMed

Delmonte, Romara; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Moreira-Almeida, Alexander; Farias, Miguel

2016-01-01

The aim of this article is to examine whether the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), are able to differentiate between nonpathological religious possession and dissociative identity disorder (DID). We use the case study of an individual who leads an Afro-Brazilian religious group (Umbanda), focusing on her personal development and possession experiences from early childhood to the present, spanning a period of more than 40 years, and examine these data following DSM-5 criteria for DID (300.14). Her experiences of possession can be broken into 2 distinct stages. In the 1st stage (childhood and early adulthood), she displayed intrusive thoughts and a lack of control over possession states, which were associated with a heightened state of anxiety, loneliness, amnesia, and family conflict (meeting all 5 criteria for DID). In the 2nd stage (late 20s up to the present), she regularly experienced possession states but felt in control of their onset and found them religiously meaningful. In this 2nd stage, she only fulfilled 3 criteria for DID. We question the accuracy of diagnosing this individual with DID in her earlier life and suggest that the DSM-5 criteria fail to address the ambiguity of affect surrounding possession experiences (positive at the individual level, negative at the interpersonal level) and lack a clearer acknowledgment of the prevalence of possession and other unusual experiences in general populations.

Photoionization of the valence shells of the neutral tungsten atom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ballance, C. P.; McLaughlin, B. M.

2015-04-01

Results from large-scale theoretical cross section calculations for the total photoionization (PI) of the 4f, 5s, 5p and 6s orbitals of the neutral tungsten atom using the Dirac Coulomb R-matrix approximation (DARC: Dirac-atomic R-matrix codes) are presented. Comparisons are made with previous theoretical methods and prior experimental measurements. In previous experiments a time-resolved dual laser approach was employed for the photo-absorption of metal vapours and photo-absorption measurements on tungsten in a solid, using synchrotron radiation. The lowest ground state level of neutral tungsten is 5{{p}6}5{{d}4}6{{s}2}{{ }5}{{D}J}, with J = 0, and requires only a single dipole matrix for PI. To make a meaningful comparison with existing experimental measurements, we statistically average the large-scale theoretical PI cross sections from the levels associated with the ground state 5{{p}6}5{{d}4}6{{s}2}{{ }5}{{D}J} (J = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) levels and the 5{{d}5}6{{s} 7}{{S}3} excited metastable level. As the experiments have a self-evident metastable component in their ground state measurement, averaging over the initial levels allows for a more consistent and realistic comparison to be made. In the wider context, the absence of many detailed electron-impact excitation (EIE) experiments for tungsten and its multi-charged ion stages allows current PI measurements and theory to provide a road-map for future EIE, ionization and di-electronic cross section calculations by identifying the dominant resonance structure and features across an energy range of hundreds of eV.

Electric Power Monthly

EIA Publications

2017-01-01

Provides monthly statistics at the state, Census division, and U.S. levels for net generation, fossil fuel consumption and stocks, quantity and quality of fossil fuels, cost of fossil fuels, electricity sales, revenue, and average revenue per kilowatthour of electricity sold.

Statistical summaries of ground-water level data collected in the Suwannee River Water Management District, 1948 to 1994

USGS Publications Warehouse

Collins, J.J.; Freeman, L.D.

1996-01-01

Since 1948, ground-water level data have beensystematically collected from selected wells in theSuwannee River Water Management District (SRWMD) by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS),the SRWMD, and other agencies. Records of waterlevels in the SRWMD (fig. 1), collected by the USGS and SRWMD through 1990, and by the SRWMD from 1990 to 1994, have been published for many years in the USGS annual report series "Water Resources Data for Florida." However, no systematic statistical summaries of water levels in the SRWMD have been previously published. The need for such statistical summary data forevaluations of drought severity, ground-water supplyavailability, and minimum water levels for regulatory purposes increases daily as demands for ground-water usage increase. Also, much of the base flow of the Suwannee River is dependent upon ground water. As the population and demand for ground water for drinking water and irrigation purposes increase, the ability to quickly and easily predict trends in ground-water availability will become paramount. In response to this need, the USGS, in cooperation with the SRWMD, compiled this report. Ground-water sta tistics for 136 sites are presented as well as figures showing water levels that were measured in wells from 1948 through September 1994. In 1994, the SRWMD and the USGS began a long- term program of cooperative studies designed tobetter understand minimum and maximum streamflows and ground-water levels in the SRWMD. Minimum and maximum flows and levels are needed by the district to manage the surface- and ground-water resources of the SRWMD and to maintain or improve the various ecosystems. Data evaluation was a necessary first step in the long- term SRWMD ground-water investigations program, because basic statistics for ground-water levels are not included in the USGS annual data reports such as "Water Resources Data for Florida, Water Year 1994" (Fran klin and others, 1995). Statistics included in this report were generated using the USGS computer pro gram ADAPS (Automatic Data Processing System) to characterize normal ground-water levels and depar tures from normal. The report has been organized so that the statisti cal analyses of water levels in the wells are presentedfollowing this introductory material, a description ofthe hydrogeology in the study area, and a description of the statistics used to present the water-level data. Specifically, the report presents statistical analyses for each well, as appropriate, in the following manner: Description of the well.Hydrographs of ground-water levels for the period of record, for the last 10 years of record, and for the last 5 years of record. Graphs of maximum, minimum, and mean of monthly mean ground-water levels for wells with 5 or more years of record.Frequency hydrographs (25, 50, and 75 percent) of monthly mean ground-water levels for wells with 5 or more years of record. Water-level data and statistical plots are grouped by county and sorted within the county by ascendingsite identification number. Well locations are plottedon county maps preceding the well descriptions andhydrographs.

State Electricity Profiles

EIA Publications

2017-01-01

The annual report presents data tables describing the electricity industry in each State. Data include: summary statistics; the 10 largest plants by generating capacity; the top five entities ranked by sector; electric power industry generating capacity by primary energy source; electric power industry generation by primary energy source; utility delivered fuel prices for coal, petroleum, and natural gas; electric power industry emissions estimates; retail sales, revenue, and average retail price by sector; retail electricity sales statistics; and supply and disposition of electricity; net metering counts and capacity by technology and customer type; and advanced metering counts by customer type.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yoon, Boram; Gupta, Rajan; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy

We present a detailed analysis of methods to reduce statistical errors and excited-state contamination in the calculation of matrix elements of quark bilinear operators in nucleon states. All the calculations were done on a 2+1 flavor ensemble with lattices of sizemore » $$32^3 \\times 64$$ generated using the rational hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm at $a=0.081$~fm and with $$M_\\pi=312$$~MeV. The statistical precision of the data is improved using the all-mode-averaging method. We compare two methods for reducing excited-state contamination: a variational analysis and a two-state fit to data at multiple values of the source-sink separation $$t_{\\rm sep}$$. We show that both methods can be tuned to significantly reduce excited-state contamination and discuss their relative advantages and cost-effectiveness. A detailed analysis of the size of source smearing used in the calculation of quark propagators and the range of values of $$t_{\\rm sep}$$ needed to demonstrate convergence of the isovector charges of the nucleon to the $$t_{\\rm sep} \\to \\infty $$ estimates is presented.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yoon, Boram; Gupta, Rajan; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy

We present a detailed analysis of methods to reduce statistical errors and excited-state contamination in the calculation of matrix elements of quark bilinear operators in nucleon states. All the calculations were done on a 2+1-flavor ensemble with lattices of size 32 3 × 64 generated using the rational hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm at a = 0.081 fm and with M π = 312 MeV. The statistical precision of the data is improved using the all-mode-averaging method. We compare two methods for reducing excited-state contamination: a variational analysis and a 2-state fit to data at multiple values of the source-sink separationmore » t sep. We show that both methods can be tuned to significantly reduce excited-state contamination and discuss their relative advantages and cost effectiveness. As a result, a detailed analysis of the size of source smearing used in the calculation of quark propagators and the range of values of t sep needed to demonstrate convergence of the isovector charges of the nucleon to the t sep → ∞ estimates is presented.« less

Inventory of Power Plants in the United States, October 1992

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The Inventory of Power Plants in the United States is prepared annually by the Survey Management Division, Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels, Energy Information Administration (EIA), US Department of Energy (DOE). The purpose of this publication is to provide year-end statistics about electric generating units operated by electric utilities in the United States (the 50 States and the District of Columbia). The publication also provides a 10-year outlook of future generating unit additions. Data summarized in this report are useful to a wide audience including Congress, Federal and State agencies, the electric utility industry, and the generalmore » public. Data presented in this report were assembled and published by the EIA to fulfill its data collection and dissemination responsibilities as specified in the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-275) as amended. The report is organized into the following chapters: Year in Review, Operable Electric Generating Units, and Projected Electric Generating Unit Additions. Statistics presented in these chapters reflect the status of electric generating units as of December 31, 1992.« less

Arsenic contamination of drinking water in Ireland: A spatial analysis of occurrence and potential risk.

PubMed

McGrory, Ellen R; Brown, Colin; Bargary, Norma; Williams, Natalya Hunter; Mannix, Anthony; Zhang, Chaosheng; Henry, Tiernan; Daly, Eve; Nicholas, Sarah; Petrunic, Barbara M; Lee, Monica; Morrison, Liam

2017-02-01

The presence of arsenic in groundwater has become a global concern due to the health risks from drinking water with elevated concentrations. The Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union calls for drinking water risk assessment for member states. The present study amalgamates readily available national and sub-national scale datasets on arsenic in groundwater in the Republic of Ireland. However, due to the presence of high levels of left censoring (i.e. arsenic values below an analytical detection limit) and changes in detection limits over time, the application of conventional statistical methods would inhibit the generation of meaningful results. In order to handle these issues several arsenic databases were integrated and the data modelled using statistical methods appropriate for non-detect data. In addition, geostatistical methods were used to assess principal risk components of elevated arsenic related to lithology, aquifer type and groundwater vulnerability. Geographic statistical methods were used to overcome some of the geographical limitations of the Irish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sample database. Nearest-neighbour inverse distance weighting (IDW) and local indicator of spatial association (LISA) methods were used to estimate risk in non-sampled areas. Significant differences were also noted between different aquifer lithologies, indicating that Rhyolite, Sandstone and Shale (Greywackes), and Impure Limestone potentially presented a greater risk of elevated arsenic in groundwaters. Significant differences also occurred among aquifer types with poorly productive aquifers, locally important fractured bedrock aquifers and regionally important fissured bedrock aquifers presenting the highest potential risk of elevated arsenic. No significant differences were detected among different groundwater vulnerability groups as defined by the Geological Survey of Ireland. This research will assist management and future policy directions of groundwater resources at EU level and guide future research focused on understanding arsenic mobilisation processes to facilitate in guiding future development, testing and treatment requirements of groundwater resources. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

What's the Link? New Organization To Promote Nationwide Environmental Health Tracking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Hara, Jim

2000-01-01

Reports that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been tracking the levels of lead, which is linked to increased behavioral disorders, retardation, and anemia in children, in the United States since the 1970s. Provides statistics on the current state of chronic diseases in the U.S. and asserts that there is a need for a nationwide heath…

The Effects of Four Decades of Recession on Higher Education Enrollments in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wright, Dianne A.; Ramdin, Gianna; Vásquez-Colina, María D.

2013-01-01

The United States experienced six economic recessions between 1970 and 2009. The impact of economic recession on higher education enrollment was examined using seasonally adjusted data from the U.S. Census and the U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics, Unemployment Level-Civilian Labor Force. One-way analysis of variance, factorial…

Community Colleges and Regional Recovery: Strategies for State Action. Project on State and Metropolitan Innovation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kazis, Richard

2011-01-01

Employers need a pipeline of quality workers with different levels of skill and desired earnings. Almost half of U.S. jobs today can be defined as "middle skill" jobs, requiring less than a four-year degree but more than a high school diploma. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) occupational projections indicate that job categories for…

The Relationship between External Accountability Policy and Internal Accountability: A Cross-State Analysis of Charter and Traditional Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poole, Sonja Martin

2011-01-01

Using data from the National Center for Educational Statistics, this article examines the relationship between strength of state accountability policy (i.e., external accountability) and internal accountability, defined as a school-level system in which collective behaviors and conditions exist that direct the attention and effort of the internal…

Computer Use in the United States: 1989. Current Population Reports, Special Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kominski, Robert

1991-01-01

This report provides statistical information on computer use in the United States in 1989, including home, work, and school use, and use according to socioeconomic status, race, and sex. The data show that between 1984 and 1989 there was a substantial increase in the levels of computer ownership and use. Fifteen percent of all U.S. households…

A multilevel model for cardiovascular disease prevalence in the US and its application to micro area prevalence estimates.

PubMed

Congdon, Peter

2009-01-30

Estimates of disease prevalence for small areas are increasingly required for the allocation of health funds according to local need. Both individual level and geographic risk factors are likely to be relevant to explaining prevalence variations, and in turn relevant to the procedure for small area prevalence estimation. Prevalence estimates are of particular importance for major chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease. A multilevel prevalence model for cardiovascular outcomes is proposed that incorporates both survey information on patient risk factors and the effects of geographic location. The model is applied to derive micro area prevalence estimates, specifically estimates of cardiovascular disease for Zip Code Tabulation Areas in the USA. The model incorporates prevalence differentials by age, sex, ethnicity and educational attainment from the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Influences of geographic context are modelled at both county and state level, with the county effects relating to poverty and urbanity. State level influences are modelled using a random effects approach that allows both for spatial correlation and spatial isolates. To assess the importance of geographic variables, three types of model are compared: a model with person level variables only; a model with geographic effects that do not interact with person attributes; and a full model, allowing for state level random effects that differ by ethnicity. There is clear evidence that geographic effects improve statistical fit. Geographic variations in disease prevalence partly reflect the demographic composition of area populations. However, prevalence variations may also show distinct geographic 'contextual' effects. The present study demonstrates by formal modelling methods that improved explanation is obtained by allowing for distinct geographic effects (for counties and states) and for interaction between geographic and person variables. Thus an appropriate methodology to estimate prevalence at small area level should include geographic effects as well as person level demographic variables.

A multilevel model for cardiovascular disease prevalence in the US and its application to micro area prevalence estimates

PubMed Central

Congdon, Peter

2009-01-01

Background Estimates of disease prevalence for small areas are increasingly required for the allocation of health funds according to local need. Both individual level and geographic risk factors are likely to be relevant to explaining prevalence variations, and in turn relevant to the procedure for small area prevalence estimation. Prevalence estimates are of particular importance for major chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease. Methods A multilevel prevalence model for cardiovascular outcomes is proposed that incorporates both survey information on patient risk factors and the effects of geographic location. The model is applied to derive micro area prevalence estimates, specifically estimates of cardiovascular disease for Zip Code Tabulation Areas in the USA. The model incorporates prevalence differentials by age, sex, ethnicity and educational attainment from the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Influences of geographic context are modelled at both county and state level, with the county effects relating to poverty and urbanity. State level influences are modelled using a random effects approach that allows both for spatial correlation and spatial isolates. Results To assess the importance of geographic variables, three types of model are compared: a model with person level variables only; a model with geographic effects that do not interact with person attributes; and a full model, allowing for state level random effects that differ by ethnicity. There is clear evidence that geographic effects improve statistical fit. Conclusion Geographic variations in disease prevalence partly reflect the demographic composition of area populations. However, prevalence variations may also show distinct geographic 'contextual' effects. The present study demonstrates by formal modelling methods that improved explanation is obtained by allowing for distinct geographic effects (for counties and states) and for interaction between geographic and person variables. Thus an appropriate methodology to estimate prevalence at small area level should include geographic effects as well as person level demographic variables. PMID:19183458

Head injuries presenting to emergency departments in the United States from 1990 to 1999 for ice hockey, soccer, and football.

PubMed

Delaney, J Scott

2004-03-01

To examine the number and rates of head injuries occurring in the community as a whole for the team sports of ice hockey, soccer, and football by analyzing data from patients presenting to US emergency departments (EDs) from 1990 to 1999. Retrospective analysis. Data compiled for the US Consumer Product Safety Commission using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System were used to generate estimates for the total number of head injuries, concussions, internal head injuries, and skull fractures occurring on a national level from the years 1990 to 1999. These data were combined with yearly participation figures to generate rates of injuries presenting to the ED for each sport. There were an estimated 17,008 head injuries from ice hockey, 86,697 from soccer, and 204,802 from football that presented to US EDs from 1990 to 1999. The total number of concussions presenting to EDs in the United States over the same period was estimated to be 4820 from ice hockey, 21,715 from soccer, and 68,861 from football. While the rates of head injuries, concussions, and combined concussions/internal head injuries/skull fractures presenting to EDs per 10,000 players were not always statistically similar for all 3 sports in each year data were available, they were usually comparable. While the total numbers of head injuries, concussions, and combined concussions/skull fractures/internal head injuries presenting to EDs in the United States are different for ice hockey, soccer, and football for the years studied, the yearly rates for these injuries are comparable among all 3 sports.

The results of therapeutic plasma exchange in patients with severe hyperthyroidism: a retrospective multicenter study.

PubMed

Keklik, Muzaffer; Kaynar, Leylagul; Yilmaz, Mehmet; Sivgin, Serdar; Solmaz, Musa; Pala, Cigdem; Aribas, Sulbiye; Akyol, Gulsah; Unluhizarci, Kursat; Cetin, Mustafa; Eser, Bulent; Unal, Ali

2013-06-01

Hyperthyroidism characterized by elevated serum levels of circulating thyroid hormones. The aim of hyperthyroidism treatment is to achieve a euthyroid state as soon as possible and to maintain euthyroid status. However, drug withdrawal and utilization of alternative therapies are needed in cases in which leucopenia or impairment in liver functions is observed during medical therapy. In the present study, we aimed to present our cases which underwent therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) due to severe hyperthyroidism. The results of 22 patients who underwent therapeutic plasma exchange due to hyperthyroidism in Apheresis Units of Erciyes University and Gaziantep University, between 2006 and 2012, were retrospectively reviewed. These cases had severe thyrotoxic values despite anti-thyroid drug use. After TPE, we observed a significant decrease in free thyroxin (FT4) (p<0.001) and free triiodotyhronin (FT3) (p<0.004) levels. There was statistically significant increase in the mean values of TSH levels after TPE (p<0.001). Clinical improvement was achieved in hyperthyroidism by TPE in 20 cases (91%). Both FT3 and FT4 levels remained above the normal limits in two of 22 patients. TPE should be considered as an effective and safe therapeutic option to achieve euthyroid state before surgery or radioactive iodine treatment. TPE is a useful option in cases with severe hyperthyroidism unresponsive to anti-thyroid agents and in those with clinical manifestations of cardiac failure and in patients with severe adverse events during anti-thyroid therapy. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

State-granted practice authority: do nurse practitioners vote with their feet?

PubMed

Perry, John J

2012-01-01

Nurse practitioners have become an increasingly important part of the US medical workforce as they have gained greater practice authority through state-level regulatory changes. This study investigates one labor market impact of this large change in nurse practitioner regulation. Using data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses and a dataset of state-level nurse practitioner prescribing authority, a multivariate estimation is performed analysing the impact of greater practice authority on the probability of a nurse practitioner moving from a state. The empirical results indicate that nurse practitioners in states that grant expanded practice are less likely to move from the state than nurse practitioners in states that have not granted expanded practice authority. The estimated effect is robust and is statistically and economically meaningful. This finding is in concert with and strengthens the wider literature which finds states that grant expanded practice authority to nurse practitioners tend to have larger nurse practitioner populations.

Alabama Education Quick Facts: Plan 2020

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama Department of Education, 2013

2013-01-01

This brochure presents state statistics for the following categories; Alabama public schools, 2012-13; Alabama State Board of Education members; financial data, FY 2012; public school size and enrollment, 2012-13 school year; transportation, 2012-13; school meals, 2011-12; school personnel, 2012-13; graduation rates, 2010-11; graduation…

The assessment of data sources for influenza virologic surveillance in New York State.

PubMed

Escuyer, Kay L; Waters, Christine L; Gowie, Donna L; Maxted, Angie M; Farrell, Gregory M; Fuschino, Meghan E; St George, Kirsten

2017-03-01

Following the 2013 USA release of the Influenza Virologic Surveillance Right Size Roadmap, the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) embarked on an evaluation of data sources for influenza virologic surveillance. To assess NYS data sources, additional to data generated by the state public health laboratory (PHL), which could enhance influenza surveillance at the state and national level. Potential sources of laboratory test data for influenza were analyzed for quantity and quality. Computer models, designed to assess sample sizes and the confidence of data for statistical representation of influenza activity, were used to compare PHL test data to results from clinical and commercial laboratories, reported between June 8, 2013 and May 31, 2014. Sample sizes tested for influenza at the state PHL were sufficient for situational awareness surveillance with optimal confidence levels, only during peak weeks of the influenza season. Influenza data pooled from NYS PHLs and clinical laboratories generated optimal confidence levels for situational awareness throughout the influenza season. For novel influenza virus detection in NYS, combined real-time (rt) RT-PCR data from state and regional PHLs achieved ≥85% confidence during peak influenza activity, and ≥95% confidence for most of low season and all of off-season. In NYS, combined data from clinical, commercial, and public health laboratories generated optimal influenza surveillance for situational awareness throughout the season. Statistical confidence for novel virus detection, which is reliant on only PHL data, was achieved for most of the year. © 2016 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Global, regional and national levels and trends of preterm birth rates for 1990 to 2014: protocol for development of World Health Organization estimates.

PubMed

Vogel, Joshua P; Chawanpaiboon, Saifon; Watananirun, Kanokwaroon; Lumbiganon, Pisake; Petzold, Max; Moller, Ann-Beth; Thinkhamrop, Jadsada; Laopaiboon, Malinee; Seuc, Armando H; Hogan, Daniel; Tunçalp, Ozge; Allanson, Emma; Betrán, Ana Pilar; Bonet, Mercedes; Oladapo, Olufemi T; Gülmezoglu, A Metin

2016-06-17

The official WHO estimates of preterm birth are an essential global resource for assessing the burden of preterm birth and developing public health programmes and policies. This protocol describes the methods that will be used to identify, critically appraise and analyse all eligible preterm birth data, in order to develop global, regional and national level estimates of levels and trends in preterm birth rates for the period 1990 - 2014. We will conduct a systematic review of civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) data on preterm birth for all WHO Member States, via national Ministries of Health and Statistics Offices. For Member States with absent, limited or lower-quality CRVS data, a systematic review of surveys and/or research studies will be conducted. Modelling will be used to develop country, regional and global rates for 2014, with time trends for Member States where sufficient data are available. Member States will be invited to review the methodology and provide additional eligible data via a country consultation before final estimates are developed and disseminated. This research will be used to generate estimates on the burden of preterm birth globally for 1990 to 2014. We invite feedback on the methodology described, and call on the public health community to submit pertinent data for consideration. Registered at PROSPERO CRD42015027439 CONTACT: pretermbirth@who.int.

Statistical and operational summaries

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Disalvo, J.

1972-01-01

Statistical progress indicator forms are presented on the financial management of the research allocations. Promotional activities, conference participants, and services are tabulated. The staffing and activity levels are also discussed, as well as the fee schedule revision and the standard interest profile offerings.

Statistics on Blindness in the Model Reporting Area 1969-1970.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kahn, Harold A.; Moorhead, Helen B.

Presented in the form of 30 tables are statistics on blindness in 16 states which have agreed to uniform definitions and procedures to improve reliability of data regarding blind persons. The data indicates that rates of blindness were generally higher for nonwhites than for whites with the ratio ranging from almost 10 for glaucoma to minimal for…

Statistics Translated: A Step-by-Step Guide to Analyzing and Interpreting Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terrell, Steven R.

2012-01-01

Written in a humorous and encouraging style, this text shows how the most common statistical tools can be used to answer interesting real-world questions, presented as mysteries to be solved. Engaging research examples lead the reader through a series of six steps, from identifying a researchable problem to stating a hypothesis, identifying…

Opticians Employed in Health Services; United States--1969. Vital and Health Statistics, Series 14, No. 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Health Statistics (DHEW/PHS), Hyattsville, MD.

First in a series of statistical reports on personnel providing vision and eye care assistance, the report presents data collected by the Bureau of Census (geographic location, age, sex, education, type and place of employment, training, specialties, activities, and time spent at work) concerning opticians actively engaged in their profession…

The relationship between gun ownership and firearm homicide rates in the United States, 1981-2010.

PubMed

Siegel, Michael; Ross, Craig S; King, Charles

2013-11-01

We examined the relationship between levels of household firearm ownership, as measured directly and by a proxy-the percentage of suicides committed with a firearm-and age-adjusted firearm homicide rates at the state level. We conducted a negative binomial regression analysis of panel data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting Systems database on gun ownership and firearm homicide rates across all 50 states during 1981 to 2010. We determined fixed effects for year, accounted for clustering within states with generalized estimating equations, and controlled for potential state-level confounders. Gun ownership was a significant predictor of firearm homicide rates (incidence rate ratio = 1.009; 95% confidence interval = 1.004, 1.014). This model indicated that for each percentage point increase in gun ownership, the firearm homicide rate increased by 0.9%. We observed a robust correlation between higher levels of gun ownership and higher firearm homicide rates. Although we could not determine causation, we found that states with higher rates of gun ownership had disproportionately large numbers of deaths from firearm-related homicides.

A Flexible Approach for the Statistical Visualization of Ensemble Data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Potter, K.; Wilson, A.; Bremer, P.

2009-09-29

Scientists are increasingly moving towards ensemble data sets to explore relationships present in dynamic systems. Ensemble data sets combine spatio-temporal simulation results generated using multiple numerical models, sampled input conditions and perturbed parameters. While ensemble data sets are a powerful tool for mitigating uncertainty, they pose significant visualization and analysis challenges due to their complexity. We present a collection of overview and statistical displays linked through a high level of interactivity to provide a framework for gaining key scientific insight into the distribution of the simulation results as well as the uncertainty associated with the data. In contrast to methodsmore » that present large amounts of diverse information in a single display, we argue that combining multiple linked statistical displays yields a clearer presentation of the data and facilitates a greater level of visual data analysis. We demonstrate this approach using driving problems from climate modeling and meteorology and discuss generalizations to other fields.« less

Same-sex marriage: a new social phenomenon.

PubMed

Chamie, Joseph; Mirkin, Barry

2011-01-01

Same-sex marriage (SSM) is a new social phenomenon. In modern times SSM did not exist until the 21st century when an increasing number of countries began permitting same-sex couples to marry legally. This study presents statistical and related evidence concerning SSM worldwide, with special attention to the United States, where SSM has evolved into a major political and legal issue. In addition to examining data on levels and trends, differentials between men and women are investigated. The study also considers common arguments for and against SSM and likely changes in laws and policies that may occur. Although same-sex marriage now exists in a small number of countries and US states, its consequences and implications are being felt far beyond the borders of those countries and areas. In coming years same-sex marriage will remain a controversial and salient part of the legal, political, and cultural landscape, locally, nationally, and internationally.

Combining Video, Audio and Lexical Indicators of Affect in Spontaneous Conversation via Particle Filtering

PubMed Central

Savran, Arman; Cao, Houwei; Shah, Miraj; Nenkova, Ani; Verma, Ragini

2013-01-01

We present experiments on fusing facial video, audio and lexical indicators for affect estimation during dyadic conversations. We use temporal statistics of texture descriptors extracted from facial video, a combination of various acoustic features, and lexical features to create regression based affect estimators for each modality. The single modality regressors are then combined using particle filtering, by treating these independent regression outputs as measurements of the affect states in a Bayesian filtering framework, where previous observations provide prediction about the current state by means of learned affect dynamics. Tested on the Audio-visual Emotion Recognition Challenge dataset, our single modality estimators achieve substantially higher scores than the official baseline method for every dimension of affect. Our filtering-based multi-modality fusion achieves correlation performance of 0.344 (baseline: 0.136) and 0.280 (baseline: 0.096) for the fully continuous and word level sub challenges, respectively. PMID:25300451

Combining Video, Audio and Lexical Indicators of Affect in Spontaneous Conversation via Particle Filtering.

PubMed

Savran, Arman; Cao, Houwei; Shah, Miraj; Nenkova, Ani; Verma, Ragini

2012-01-01

We present experiments on fusing facial video, audio and lexical indicators for affect estimation during dyadic conversations. We use temporal statistics of texture descriptors extracted from facial video, a combination of various acoustic features, and lexical features to create regression based affect estimators for each modality. The single modality regressors are then combined using particle filtering, by treating these independent regression outputs as measurements of the affect states in a Bayesian filtering framework, where previous observations provide prediction about the current state by means of learned affect dynamics. Tested on the Audio-visual Emotion Recognition Challenge dataset, our single modality estimators achieve substantially higher scores than the official baseline method for every dimension of affect. Our filtering-based multi-modality fusion achieves correlation performance of 0.344 (baseline: 0.136) and 0.280 (baseline: 0.096) for the fully continuous and word level sub challenges, respectively.

The effect of studying A-level mathematics on performance in A-level physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rutter, Pam

1994-01-01

Mathematics plays an important part in physics at all levels. At A-level, physics candidates who do not study A-level mathematics would seem to be at a disadvantage. This article presents statistical evidence to support this widely held belief.

Statistical Origin of the Meyer-Neldel Rule in Amorphous Semiconductor Thin Film Transistors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kikuchi, Minoru

1990-09-01

The origin of the Meyer-Neldel (MN) rule [G0{\\propto}\\exp (AEσ)] in the dc conductance of amorphous semiconductor thin-film transistors (TFT) is investigated based on the statistical model. We analyzed the temperature derivative of the band bending energy eVs(T) at the semiconductor interface as a function of Vs. It is shown that the condition for the validity of the rule, i.e., the linearity of the derivative deVs/dkT to Vs, certainly holds as a natural consequence of the interplay between the steep tail states and the low gap density of states spectrum. An expression is derived which relates the parameter A in the rule to the gap states spectrum. Model calculations show a magnitude of A in fair agreement with the experimental observations. The effects of the Fermi level position and the magnitude of the midgap density of states are also discussed.

Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment Projections: Detailed Analysis of Selected Occupations and Industries. Report to the Honorable Berkley Bedell, United States House of Representatives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

To compile its projections of future employment levels, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) combines the following five interlinked models in a six-step process: a labor force model, an econometric model of the U.S. economy, an industry activity model, an industry labor demand model, and an occupational labor demand model. The BLS was asked to…

Statistical summaries of New Jersey streamflow records

USGS Publications Warehouse

Laskowski, Stanley L.

1970-01-01

In 1961 the U.S. Geological Survey prepared a report which was published by the State of New Jersey as Water Resources Circular 6, "New Jersey Streamflow Records analyzed with Electronic Computer" by Miller and McCall. Basic discharge data for periods of record through 1958 were analyzed for 59 stream-gaging stations in New Jersey and flow-duration, low-flow, and high-flow tables were presented.The purpose of the current report is to update and expand Circular 6 by presenting, with a few meaningful statistics and tables, the bulk of the information that may be obtained from the mass of streamflow records available. The records for 79 of approximately 110 stream-gaging stations presently or previously operated in New Jersey, plus records for three stations in Pennsylvania, and one in New York are presented in summarized form. In addition to inclusing a great number of stations in this report, more years of record and more tables are listed for each station. A description of the station, three arrangements of data summarizing the daily flow records and one table listing statistics of the monthly mean flows are provided. No data representing instantaneous extreme flows are given. Plotting positions for the three types of curves describing the characteristics of daily discharge are listed for each station. Statistical parameters are also presented so that alternate curves may be drawn.All stations included in this report have 5 or more years of record. The data presented herein are based on observed flow past the gaging station. For any station where the observed flow is affected by regulation or diversion, a "Remarks" paragraph, explaining the possible effect on the data, is included in the station description.Since any streamflow record is a sample in time, the data derived from these records can provide only a guide to expected future flows. For this reason the flow records are analyzed by statistical techniques, and the magnitude of sampling errors should be recognized.These analyzed data will be useful to a large number of municipal, state, and federal agencies, industries, utilities, engineers, and hydrologists concerned with the availability, conservation, control, and use of surface waters. The tabulated data and curves illustrated herein can be used to select sites for water supplies, to determine flood or drought storage requirements, and to appraise the adequacy of flows for dilution of wastes or generation of power. The statistical values presented herein can be used in computer programs available in many universities, Federal and State agencies, and engineering firms for a broad spectrum of research and other studies.

Social Context and Dental Pain in Adults of Colombian Ethnic Minority Groups: A Multilevel Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Ardila, Carlos M; Agudelo-Suárez, Andrés A

2016-01-01

To estimate the effect of social context on dental pain in adults of Colombian ethnic minority groups (CEGs). Information from 34,843 participants was used. A multilevel model was constructed that had ethnic groups (ie, CEGs and non-CEGs) at level 1 and Colombian states at level 2. Contextual variables included gross domestic product (GDP), Human Development Index (HDI), and Unmet Basic Needs Index (UBNI). Dental pain was observed in 12.3% of 6,440 CEGs. In an unadjusted logistic regression model, dental pain was associated with being a CEG (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.34 [1.22-1.46]; P = .0001). This association remained significant after adjusting for possible confounding variables. An unconditional multilevel analysis showed that the variance in dental pain was statistically significant at the ethnic group level (β = 0.047 ± 0.015; P = .0009) and at the state level (β = 0.038 ± 0.019; P = .02) and that the variation between ethnic groups was higher than the variation between states (55% vs 45%, respectively). In a multivariate model, the variance in dental pain was also statistically significant at the ethnic group level (β = 0.029 ± 0.012; P = .007) and the state level (β = 0.042 ± .019; P = .01), but the variation between states was higher (40% vs 60%). The results of multilevel multivariate analyses showed that dental pain was associated with increasing age (β = 0.009 ± 0.001; P = .0001), lower education level (β = 0.302 ± 0.103; P = .0001), female sex (β = 0.031 ± 0.069; P = .003), GDP (β = 5.136 ± 2.009; P = .002) and HDI (β = 6.862 ± 5.550; P = .004); however, UBNI was not associated with dental pain. The variance in dental pain was higher between states than between ethnic groups in the multivariate multilevel model. Dental pain in CEGs was associated with contextual and individual factors. Considering contextual factors, GDP and HDI may play a major role in dental pain prevalence.

State-Level Progress in Reducing the Black–White Infant Mortality Gap, United States, 1999–2013

PubMed Central

Goldfarb, Samantha Sittig; Wells, Brittny A.; Beitsch, Leslie; Levine, Robert S.; Rust, George

2017-01-01

Objectives. To assess state-level progress on eliminating racial disparities in infant mortality. Methods. Using linked infant birth–death files from 1999 to 2013, we calculated state-level 3-year rolling average infant mortality rates (IMRs) and Black–White IMR ratios. We also calculated percentage improvement and a projected year for achieving equality if current trend lines are sustained. Results. We found substantial state-level variation in Black IMRs (range = 6.6–13.8) and Black–White rate ratios (1.5–2.7), and also in percentage relative improvement in IMR (range = 2.7% to 36.5% improvement) and in Black–White rate ratios (from 11.7% relative worsening to 24.0% improvement). Thirteen states achieved statistically significant reductions in Black–White IMR disparities. Eliminating the Black–White IMR gap would have saved 64 876 babies during these 15 years. Eighteen states would achieve IMR racial equality by the year 2050 if current trends are sustained. Conclusions. States are achieving varying levels of progress in reducing Black infant mortality and Black–White IMR disparities. Public Health Implications. Racial equality in infant survival is achievable, but will require shifting our focus to determinants of progress and strategies for success. PMID:28323476

Alternative Endpoints and Approaches Selected for the Remediation of Contaminated Groundwater at Complex Sites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deeb, R. A.; Hawley, E.

2011-12-01

This presentation will focus on findings, statistics, and case studies from a recently-completed report for the Department of Defense's Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) (Project ER-0832) on alternative endpoints and alternative remedial strategies for groundwater remediation under a variety of Federal and state cleanup programs, including technical impracticability (TI) and other Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement (ARAR) waivers, state and local designations such as groundwater management zones, Alternate Concentration Limits (ACLs), use of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) over long timeframes, and more. The primary objective of the project was to provide environmental managers and regulators with tools, metrics, and information needed to evaluate alternative endpoints for groundwater remediation at complex sites. A statistical analysis of Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) sites receiving TI waivers will be presented as well as case studies of other types of alternative endpoints and alternative remedial strategies to illustrate the variety of approaches used at complex sites and the technical analyses used to predict and document cost, timeframe, and potential remedial effectiveness. Case studies provide examples of the flexible, site-specific, application of alternative endpoints and alternative remedial strategies that have been used in the past to manage and remediate groundwater contamination at complex sites. For example, at least 13 states consider some designation for groundwater containment in their corrective action policies, such as groundwater management zones, containment zones, and groundwater classification exemption areas. These designations typically indicate that groundwater contamination is present above permissible levels. Soil and groundwater within these zones are managed to protect human health and the environment. Lesson learned for the analyses conducted and the case studies evaluated allow for a more careful consideration of alternative, beneficial, and cost-effective cleanup objectives and metrics that can be achieved over the short-term (while eventually meeting long-term cleanup objectives or demonstrating the applicability of alternative endpoints), thus improving the site cleanup process at complex sites where appropriate.