SSWR 3.01B.1: National maps of watershed integrity and stream condition

EPA Science Inventory

This presentation reports on two separate studies conducted under SSWR 3.01B as part of an FY16 Annual Performance Reporting (APR) product for the Office of Management and Budget. Three separate but related studies were conducted. The first study used EPA’s StreamCat data...

Follow-up Cost Study. TEX-SIS FOLLOW-UP SC5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baugh, Ronald C.

This report presents data on the costs of follow-up studies, based on 29 separate follow-up studies conducted by eight public community/junior colleges in Texas. The purpose of this study, conducted by Navarro College as a subcontractor of Project FOLLOW-UP, was to provide data and information regarding the cost of follow-up studies that would be…

Materials characterization study of conductive flexible second surface mirrors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Levadou, F.; Bosma, S. J.; Paillous, A.

1981-01-01

The status of prequalification and qualification work on conductive flexible second surface mirrors is described. The basic material is FEP Teflon witn either aluminium or silver vacuum deposited reflectors. The top layer has been made conductive by deposition of layer of a indium oxide. The results of a prequalification program comprised of decontamination, humidity, thermal cycling, thermal shock and vibration tests are presented. Thermo-optical and electrical properties. The results of a prequalification program comprised of decontamination, humidity, thermal cycling, thermal shock and vibration tests are presented. Thermo-optical and electrical properties, the electrostatic behavior of the materials under simulated substorm environment and electrical conductivity at low temperatures are characterized. The effects of simulated ultra violet and particles irradiation on electrical and thermo-optical properties of the materials are also presented.

Patients' Contexts and Their Effects on Clinicians' Impressions of Conduct Disorder Symptoms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Los Reyes, Andres; Marsh, Jessecae K.

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine whether contextual information about patients' clinical presentations affected clinicians' judgments of conduct disorder symptoms. Forty-five clinicians read vignettes describing hypothetical patients who displayed one conduct disorder symptom alongside information about the patients' home, school, and peer…

Zinc chloride modified electronic transport and relaxation studies in barium-tellurite glasses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dhankhar, Sunil; Kundu, R. S.; Rani, Sunita; Sharma, Preeti; Murugavel, S.; Punia, Rajesh; Kishore, N.

2017-09-01

The ac conductivity of halide based tellurium glasses having composition 70 TeO2-(30-x) BaO-x ZnCl2; x = 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 has been investigated in the frequency range 10-1 Hz to 105Hz and in the temperature range 453 K to 553 K. The frequency and temperature dependent ac conductivity show mixed behaviour with increase in halide content and found to obey Jonscher's universal power law. The values of dc conductivity, crossover frequency and frequency exponent have been estimated from the fitting of experimental data of ac conductivity with Jonscher's universal power law. For determining the conduction mechanism in studied glass system, frequency exponent has been analyzed by various theoretical models. In presently studied glasses, the ac conduction takes place via overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT). The values of activation energy for dc conduction (W) and the one associated with relaxation process ( E R) are found to increase with increase in x up to glass sample with x = 15 and thereafter it decrease with increase in zinc chloride content. DC conduction takes place via variable range hopping (VRH) as proposed by Mott with some modification suggested by Punia et al. The value of real part of modulus ( M') is observed to decrease with increase in temperature. The value of stretched exponent (β) obtained from fitting of M'' reveals the presence of non-Debye type of relaxation in presently studied glass samples. Scaling spectra of ac conductivity and values of electric modulus ( M' and M'') collapse into a single master curve for all the compositions and temperatures. The values of relaxation energy ( E R) for all the studied glass compositions are almost equal to W, suggesting that polarons have to overcome same barrier while relaxing and conducting. The conduction and relaxation processes in the studied glass samples are composition and temperature independent. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Western U.S.-Canada crossborder case study : activity 2 : task D : conduct regional and local trucking case studies

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-08-01

This report presents the test plan for conducting the Technical Capability Analysis for the United States Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) evaluation of the San Diego Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) Initiative Demonstration. The ICM proje...

Academic Oral Presentation Self-Efficacy: A Cross-Sectional Interdisciplinary Comparative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amirian, Seyed Mohammad Reza; Tavakoli, Elaheh

2016-01-01

Despite the significant role of oral presentation in the academic context, many university students evade opportunities for participation due to low self-efficacy. The present study has been conducted to compare oral presentation self-efficacy of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners with undergraduates and postgraduates of Non-EFL majors,…

Knowledge and awareness regarding biomedical waste management in dental teaching institutions in India- A systematic review

PubMed Central

Kapoor, Daljit; Nirola, Ashutosh; Kapoor, Vinod

2014-01-01

Objectives: Proper handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical wastes are important elements in any health care setting. Not much attention has been paid to the management of Biomedical Waste (BMW) in recent years, in dental colleges and hospitals in India. The present systematic review was conducted to assess knowledge and awareness regarding BMW management among staff and students of dental teaching institutions in India. Material and Methods: A systematic review of relevant cross-sectional studies was conducted regarding BMW management in India in dental teaching institutions in India. Six studies were finally included in the present review after conducting both electronic and manual search like Pubmed, EMBASE etc. and after making necessary exclusions. Potential biases were addressed and relevant data was extracted by the concerned investigators. Results: Six studies were finally included in the review. Colour coding of wastes was not done by 67% of the subjects in one of the studies conducted in Haryana. Almost all the subjects agreed to the fact that exposure to hazardous health care waste can result in disease or infection in another study. According to another study reports, none of the respondents was able to list the legislative act regarding BMW when asked. Conclusions: The results of the present review showed that knowledge and awareness level of subjects was inadequate and there is considerable variation in practice and management regarding BMW. There is a great need for continuing education and training programmes to be conducted in dental teaching institutions in India. Key words:Biomedical waste, knowledge, awareness, dentists, institution. PMID:25593667

Knowledge and awareness regarding biomedical waste management in dental teaching institutions in India- A systematic review.

PubMed

Kapoor, Daljit; Nirola, Ashutosh; Kapoor, Vinod; Gambhir, Ramandeep-Singh

2014-10-01

Proper handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical wastes are important elements in any health care setting. Not much attention has been paid to the management of Biomedical Waste (BMW) in recent years, in dental colleges and hospitals in India. The present systematic review was conducted to assess knowledge and awareness regarding BMW management among staff and students of dental teaching institutions in India. A systematic review of relevant cross-sectional studies was conducted regarding BMW management in India in dental teaching institutions in India. Six studies were finally included in the present review after conducting both electronic and manual search like Pubmed, EMBASE etc. and after making necessary exclusions. Potential biases were addressed and relevant data was extracted by the concerned investigators. Six studies were finally included in the review. Colour coding of wastes was not done by 67% of the subjects in one of the studies conducted in Haryana. Almost all the subjects agreed to the fact that exposure to hazardous health care waste can result in disease or infection in another study. According to another study reports, none of the respondents was able to list the legislative act regarding BMW when asked. The results of the present review showed that knowledge and awareness level of subjects was inadequate and there is considerable variation in practice and management regarding BMW. There is a great need for continuing education and training programmes to be conducted in dental teaching institutions in India. Key words:Biomedical waste, knowledge, awareness, dentists, institution.

Electrical conductivity of rocks at high pressures and temperatures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parkhomenko, E. I.; Bondarenko, A. T.

1986-01-01

The results of studies of the electrical conductivity in the most widely distributed types of igneous rocks, at temperatures of up to 1200 C, at atmospheric pressure, and also at temperatures of up to 700 C and at pressures of up to 20,000 kg/sq cm are described. The figures of electrical conductivity, of activaation energy and of the preexponential coefficient are presented and the dependence of these parameters on the petrochemical parameters of the rocks are reviewed. The possible electrical conductivities for the depository, granite and basalt layers of the Earth's crust and of the upper mantle are presented, as well as the electrical conductivity distribution to the depth of 200 to 240 km for different geological structures.

Social Capital and Health: A Review of Prospective Multilevel Studies

PubMed Central

Murayama, Hiroshi; Fujiwara, Yoshinori; Kawachi, Ichiro

2012-01-01

Background This article presents an overview of the concept of social capital, reviews prospective multilevel analytic studies of the association between social capital and health, and discusses intervention strategies that enhance social capital. Methods We conducted a systematic search of published peer-reviewed literature on the PubMed database and categorized studies according to health outcome. Results We identified 13 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria for the review. In general, both individual social capital and area/workplace social capital had positive effects on health outcomes, regardless of study design, setting, follow-up period, or type of health outcome. Prospective studies that used a multilevel approach were mainly conducted in Western countries. Although we identified some cross-sectional multilevel studies that were conducted in Asian countries, including Japan, no prospective studies have been conducted in Asia. Conclusions Prospective evidence from multilevel analytic studies of the effect of social capital on health is very limited at present. If epidemiologic findings on the association between social capital and health are to be put to practical use, we must gather additional evidence and explore the feasibility of interventions that build social capital as a means of promoting health. PMID:22447212

Social capital and health: a review of prospective multilevel studies.

PubMed

Murayama, Hiroshi; Fujiwara, Yoshinori; Kawachi, Ichiro

2012-01-01

This article presents an overview of the concept of social capital, reviews prospective multilevel analytic studies of the association between social capital and health, and discusses intervention strategies that enhance social capital. We conducted a systematic search of published peer-reviewed literature on the PubMed database and categorized studies according to health outcome. We identified 13 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria for the review. In general, both individual social capital and area/workplace social capital had positive effects on health outcomes, regardless of study design, setting, follow-up period, or type of health outcome. Prospective studies that used a multilevel approach were mainly conducted in Western countries. Although we identified some cross-sectional multilevel studies that were conducted in Asian countries, including Japan, no prospective studies have been conducted in Asia. Prospective evidence from multilevel analytic studies of the effect of social capital on health is very limited at present. If epidemiologic findings on the association between social capital and health are to be put to practical use, we must gather additional evidence and explore the feasibility of interventions that build social capital as a means of promoting health.

Effects of Government Regulations on Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernhard, John T.; Hannah, Robert W.

Results of a self-study conducted by Western Michigan University on the effects of government regulations on higher education are presented. The self-study, conducted with the aid of questionnaires, followup visits, or telephone calls, addressed the following main concerns: (1) academic programs; (2) maintenance, buildings, physical plant, and…

Theoretical Framework of Researcher Knowledge Development in Mathematics Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kontorovich, Igor'

2016-01-01

The goal of this paper is to present a framework of researcher knowledge development in conducting a study in mathematics education. The key components of the framework are: knowledge germane to conducting a particular study, processes of knowledge accumulation, and catalyzing filters that influence a researcher's decision making. The components…

Pedagogical Practices in Teaching Reading Comprehension: A Case Study of Three EFL Teachers in a Secondary School in Ethiopia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nurie, Yenus

2017-01-01

Various studies investigating psychological variables associated with reading comprehension are currently available. However, there has been little linguistic research conducted to examine the pedagogical practices of teachers in teaching reading comprehension of EFL Secondary Schools, Ethiopia. The present study was conducted to fill the research…

Feasibility Study for the PISA ICT Literacy Assessment: Report to Network A

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lennon, Marylou; Kirsch, Irwin; Von Davier, Matthias; Wagner, Michael; Yamamoto, Kentaro

2003-01-01

This report presents the findings of a study conducted to explore the feasibility of developing and delivering an assessment of information and communication technology (ICT) literacy for the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The study was conducted at the request of an expert panel convened by Network A and was funded in…

Motivating Factors that Affect Enrolment and Student Performance in an ODL Engineering Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dadigamuwa, P. R.; Senanayake, Samans

2012-01-01

The present study was carried out to determine the motivating factors for enrolling in an engineering study programme in open and distance learning (ODL) and the factors that affect the students' performance. The study was conducted with two convenient samples of students following distance learning courses in engineering technology, conducted by…

Thermophysical Properties of Polymer Materials with High Thermal Conductivity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lebedev, S. M.; Gefle, O. S.; Dneprovskii, S. N.; Amitov, E. T.

2015-06-01

Results of studies on the main thermophysical properties of new thermally conductive polymer materials are presented. It is shown that modification of polymer dielectrics by micron-sized fillers allows thermally conductive materials with thermal conductivity not less than 2 W/(m K) to be produced, which makes it possible to use such materials as cooling elements of various electrical engineering and semiconductor equipment and devices.

Extension of the thermal porosimetry method to high gas pressure for nanoporosimetry estimation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jannot, Y.; Degiovanni, A.; Camus, M.

2018-04-01

Standard pore size determination methods like mercury porosimetry, nitrogen sorption, microscopy, or X-ray tomography are not suited to highly porous, low density, and thus very fragile materials. For this kind of materials, a method based on thermal characterization has been developed in a previous study. This method has been used with air pressure varying from 10-1 to 105 Pa for materials having a thermal conductivity less than 0.05 W m-1 K-1 at atmospheric pressure. It enables the estimation of pore size distribution between 100 nm and 1 mm. In this paper, we present a new experimental device enabling thermal conductivity measurement under gas pressure up to 106 Pa, enabling the estimation of the volume fraction of pores having a 10 nm diameter. It is also demonstrated that the main thermal conductivity models (parallel, series, Maxwell, Bruggeman, self-consistent) lead to the same estimation of the pore size distribution as the extended parallel model (EPM) presented in this paper and then used to process the experimental data. Three materials with thermal conductivities at atmospheric pressure ranging from 0.014 W m-1 K-1 to 0.04 W m-1 K-1 are studied. The thermal conductivity measurement results obtained with the three materials are presented, and the corresponding pore size distributions between 10 nm and 1 mm are presented and discussed.

Note: long-range scanning tunneling microscope for the study of nanostructures on insulating substrates.

PubMed

Molina-Mendoza, Aday J; Rodrigo, José G; Island, Joshua; Burzuri, Enrique; Rubio-Bollinger, Gabino; van der Zant, Herre S J; Agraït, Nicolás

2014-02-01

The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a powerful tool for studying the electronic properties at the atomic level, however, it is of relatively small scanning range and the fact that it can only operate on conducting samples prevents its application to study heterogeneous samples consisting of conducting and insulating regions. Here we present a long-range scanning tunneling microscope capable of detecting conducting micro and nanostructures on insulating substrates using a technique based on the capacitance between the tip and the sample and performing STM studies.

Study of the variation of thermal conductivity with water saturation using nuclear magnetic resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jorand, Rachel; Fehr, Annick; Koch, Andreas; Clauser, Christoph

2011-08-01

In this paper, we present a method that allows one to correct thermal conductivity measurements for the effect of water loss when extrapolating laboratory data to in situ conditions. The water loss in shales and unconsolidated rocks is a serious problem that can introduce errors in the characterization of reservoirs. For this study, we measure the thermal conductivity of four sandstones with and without clay minerals according to different water saturation levels using an optical scanner. Thermal conductivity does not decrease linearly with water saturation. At high saturation and very low saturation, thermal conductivity decreases more quickly because of spontaneous liquid displacement and capillarity effects. Apart from these two effects, thermal conductivity decreases quasi-linearly. We also notice that the samples containing clay minerals are not completely drained, and thermal conductivity reaches a minimum value. In order to fit the variation of thermal conductivity with the water saturation as a whole, we used modified models commonly presented in thermal conductivity studies: harmonic and arithmetic mean and geometric models. These models take into account different types of porosity, especially those attributable to the abundance of clay, using measurements obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). For argillaceous sandstones, a modified arithmetic-harmonic model fits the data best. For clean quartz sandstones under low water saturation, the closest fit to the data is obtained with the modified arithmetic-harmonic model, while for high water saturation, a modified geometric mean model proves to be the best.

Latent Class Analysis of Conduct Problems of Elementary Students Receiving Special Education Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Toupin, Jean; Déry, Michèle; Verlaan, Pierrette; Lemelin, Jean-Pascal; Lecocq, Aurélie; Jagiellowicz, Jadwiga

2016-01-01

Students with conduct problems (CPs) may present heterogeneity in terms of behavioral manifestations and service needs. Previous studies using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to capture this heterogeneity have been conducted mostly with community samples and have often applied a narrow definition of CP. Considering this context, this study…

Study of electrical properties of Sc doped BaFe12O19 ceramic using dielectric, impedance, modulus spectroscopy and AC conductivity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Surbhi; Deshpande, S. K.; Sathe, V. G.; Siruguri, V.

2018-04-01

We present dielectric, complex impedance, modulus spectroscopy and AC conductivity studies of the compound BaFe10Sc2O19 as a function of temperature and frequency to understand the conduction mechanism. The variation in complex dielectric constant with frequency and temperature were analyzed on the basis of Maxwell-Wagner-Koop's theory and charge hopping between ferrous and ferric ions. The complex impedance spectroscopy study shows only grain contribution whereas complex modulus plot shows two semicircular arcs which indicate both grain and grain boundary contributions in conduction mechanism. AC conductivity has also been evaluated which follows the Jonscher's law. The activation energy calculated from temperature dependence of DC conductivity comes out to be Ea˜ 0.31eV.

Clinic-based nerve conduction studies reduce time to surgery and are cost effective: a comparison with formal electrophysiological testing

PubMed Central

Bourke, Henry E; Read, Jeremy; Kampa, Rebecca; Hearnden, Anthony; Davey, Paul A

2011-01-01

INTRODUCTION Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common compression neuropathy affecting the upper limb. Clinical diagnosis is not always clear and electrophysiological testing can be indicated when considering a patient for decompression surgery. The downside of electrophysiological testing is cost and increased time to surgery. Newer methods of performing nerve conduction studies in clinic have become available. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the use of a clinic-based, handheld, non-invasive electrophysiological device (NC-stat®) in 71 patients with suspected carpal tunnel syndrome presenting to our hand clinic in a district general hospital. We compared this to a similar cohort of 71 age-matched patients also presenting to our unit in whom formal nerve conduction studies were performed at a local neurophysiology unit. Our outcome measures were time from presentation to carpal tunnel decompression, the cost of each pathway and the practicalities of using the device in a busy hand unit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The NC-stat® proved to be a successful device when compared with referring patients out for more formal nerve conduction studies, shortening the time from presentation to surgery from 198 days to 102 days (p<0.0001). It was also cost effective with a calculated saving to the hospital of more than £70 per patient. The device is easy to use and acceptable to patients and no adverse effects were noted. PMID:21477439

Constructing, connecting and soldering nanostructures by environmental electron beam deposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mølhave, Kristian; Nørgaard Madsen, Dorte; Dohn, Søren; Bøggild, Peter

2004-08-01

Highly conductive nanoscale deposits with solid gold cores can be made by electron beam deposition in an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), suggesting the method to be used for constructing, connecting and soldering nanostructures. This paper presents a feasibility study for such applications. We identify several issues related to contamination and unwanted deposition, relevant for deposition in both vacuum (EBD) and environmental conditions (EEBD). We study relations between scan rate, deposition rate, angle and line width for three-dimensional structures. Furthermore, we measure the conductivity of deposits containing gold cores, and find these structures to be highly conductive, approaching the conductivity of solid gold and capable of carrying high current densities. Finally, we study the use of the technique for soldering nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes. Based on the presented results we are able to estimate limits for the applicability of the method for the various applications, but also demonstrate that it is a versatile and powerful tool for nanotechnology within these limits.

The Role of Sketching States in the Stimulation of Idea Generation: An Eye Movement Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sun, Lingyun; Xiang, Wei; Yang, Cheng; Yang, Zhiyuan; Lou, Yun

2014-01-01

Sketching is widely used in design to generate creative ideas. Design studies present stimuli during sketching to enhance creativity. This study examines the effect of stimuli presented during different sketching states, especially of those presented during the stuck period. It conducted a sketching experiment that enrolled 41 students with an…

The Effectiveness of Worked Examples Associated with Presentation Format and Prior Knowledge: A Web-Based Experiment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hsiao, E-Ling

2010-01-01

The aim of this study is to explore whether presentation format and prior knowledge affect the effectiveness of worked examples. The experiment was conducted through a specially designed online instrument. A 2X2X3 factorial before-and-after design was conducted. Three-way ANOVA was employed for data analysis. The result showed first, that prior…

Does parent-child agreement vary based on presenting problems? Results from a UK clinical sample.

PubMed

Cleridou, Kalia; Patalay, Praveetha; Martin, Peter

2017-01-01

Discrepancies are often found between child and parent reports of child psychopathology, nevertheless the role of the child's presenting difficulties in relation to these is underexplored. This study investigates whether parent-child agreement on the conduct and emotional scales of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) varied as a result of certain child characteristics, including the child's presenting problems to clinical services, age and gender. The UK-based sample consisted of 16,754 clinical records of children aged 11-17, the majority of which were female (57%) and White (76%). The dataset was provided by the Child Outcomes Research Consortium , which collects outcome measures from child services across the UK. Clinicians reported the child's presenting difficulties, and parents and children completed the SDQ. Using correlation analysis, the main findings indicated that agreement varied as a result of the child's difficulties for reports of conduct problems, and this seemed to be related to the presence or absence of externalising difficulties in the child's presentation. This was not the case for reports of emotional difficulties. In addition, agreement was higher when reporting problems not consistent with the child's presentation; for instance, agreement on conduct problems was greater for children presenting with internalising problems. Lastly, the children's age and gender did not seem to have an impact on agreement. These findings demonstrate that certain child presenting difficulties, and in particular conduct problems, may be related to informant agreement and need to be considered in clinical practice and research. Trial Registration This study was observational and as such did not require trial registration.

Mixed convection flow of viscoelastic fluid by a stretching cylinder with heat transfer.

PubMed

Hayat, Tasawar; Anwar, Muhammad Shoaib; Farooq, Muhammad; Alsaedi, Ahmad

2015-01-01

Flow of viscoelastic fluid due to an impermeable stretching cylinder is discussed. Effects of mixed convection and variable thermal conductivity are present. Thermal conductivity is taken temperature dependent. Nonlinear partial differential system is reduced into the nonlinear ordinary differential system. Resulting nonlinear system is computed for the convergent series solutions. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are computed and discussed. The results obtained with the current method are in agreement with previous studies using other methods as well as theoretical ideas. Physical interpretation reflecting the contribution of influential parameters in the present flow is presented. It is hoped that present study serves as a stimulus for modeling further stretching flows especially in polymeric and paper production processes.

Mixed Convection Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid by a Stretching Cylinder with Heat Transfer

PubMed Central

Hayat, Tasawar; Anwar, Muhammad Shoaib; Farooq, Muhammad; Alsaedi, Ahmad

2015-01-01

Flow of viscoelastic fluid due to an impermeable stretching cylinder is discussed. Effects of mixed convection and variable thermal conductivity are present. Thermal conductivity is taken temperature dependent. Nonlinear partial differential system is reduced into the nonlinear ordinary differential system. Resulting nonlinear system is computed for the convergent series solutions. Numerical values of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are computed and discussed. The results obtained with the current method are in agreement with previous studies using other methods as well as theoretical ideas. Physical interpretation reflecting the contribution of influential parameters in the present flow is presented. It is hoped that present study serves as a stimulus for modeling further stretching flows especially in polymeric and paper production processes. PMID:25775032

Catheter ablation as a treatment of atrioventricular block.

PubMed

Tuohy, Stephen; Saliba, Walid; Pai, Manjunath; Tchou, Patrick

2018-01-01

Symptomatic second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block is typically treated by implantation of a pacemaker. An otherwise healthy AV conduction system can nevertheless develop AV block due to interference from junctional extrasystoles. When present with a high burden, these can produce debilitating symptoms from AV block despite an underlying normal AV node and His-Purkinje system properties. The purpose of this study was to describe a catheter ablation approach for alleviating symptomatic AV block due to a ventricular nodal pathway interfering with AV conduction. Common clinical monitoring techniques such as Holter and event recorders were used. Standard electrophysiological study techniques using multipolar recording and ablation catheters were utilized during procedures. A 55-year-old woman presented with highly symptomatic, high-burden second-degree AV block due to concealed and manifest junctional premature beats. Electrophysiological characteristics indicated interference of AV conduction due to a concealed ventricular nodal pathway as the cause of the AV block. The patient's AV nodal and His-Purkinje system conduction characteristics were otherwise normal. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the pathway was successful in restoring normal AV conduction and eliminating her clinical symptoms. Pathways inserting into the AV junction can interfere with AV conduction. When present at a high burden, this type of AV block can be highly symptomatic. Catheter ablation techniques can be used to alleviate this type of AV block and restore normal AV conduction. Copyright © 2017 Heart Rhythm Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Influence of Student-Centered Methods in Turkish Language Instruction on Academic Success: A Meta-Analysis Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biçer, Nursat

2017-01-01

The aim of the present study is to determine the influence of student-centered methods employed in Turkish language instruction on the academic success of students through meta-analysis. To this end, a literature review was conducted on the relevant studies conducted between 2000 and 2016 in order to determine the studies were suitable for the…

Exploratory Mixed-Method Study of End-User Computing within an Information Technology Infrastructure Library U.S. Army Service Delivery Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manzano, Sancho J., Jr.

2012-01-01

Empirical studies have been conducted on what is known as end-user computing from as early as the 1980s to present-day IT employees. There have been many studies on using quantitative instruments by Cotterman and Kumar (1989) and Rockart and Flannery (1983). Qualitative studies on end-user computing classifications have been conducted by…

Human Milk Surveillance and Research of Environmental Chemicals: Concepts for Consideration in Interpreting and Presenting Study Results

EPA Science Inventory

This article describes issues related to the interpretation, presentation, and use of data from human milk surveillance and research studies. It is hoped that researchers conducting human milk studies in the future will consider these concepts when formulating study conclusions a...

HUMAN MILK SURVEILLANCE AND RESEARCH OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS: CONCEPTS FOR CONSIDERATION IN INTERPRETING AND PRESENTING STUDY RESULTS

EPA Science Inventory

This article describes issues related to the interpretation, presentation, and use of data from human milk surveillance and research studies. It is hoped that researchers conducting human milk studies in the future will consider these concepts when formulating study conclusions a...

Ambulatory assessment of skin conductivity during first thesis presentation: lower self-confidence predicts prolonged stress response.

PubMed

Elfering, Achim; Grebner, Simone

2011-06-01

In this field study self-confidence was tested to predict the course of galvanic electrodermal stress response prior, during and after public speaking. Ten graduate students initially rated their self-confidence and afterwards presented their thesis proposals orally in a 10-min presentation to their supervisor and peers. Galvanic skin response level was measured throughout and analysed for 10 min prior to, during, and 10 min after the presentation. Two major galvanic electrodermal stress response types were observed. Five students showed a 'healthy response', i.e. an anticipatory increase in electrodermal conductance, followed by a decrease after termination of the presentation. The other five students showed a steady increase of skin conductance during and after their presentation ('prolonged response'). In line with the allostatic load model the 'prolonged response' group reported significantly lower self-confidence before presentation than the 'healthy response' group (p < 0.01). Self-confidence is a resource in novices facing an unfamiliar stressor.

Exobiology and the origin of life

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sagan, C.; Khare, B. N.

1976-01-01

Abstracts on planetary studies and the search for extraterrestrial life are presented. Studies of the Jovian atmosphere were conducted. An assessment of the prospects for life on Mars is presented. And, the the means of contacting extraterrestrial civilizations is discussed.

Accreditation: 1982-83 Evaluation Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Austin Independent School District, TX. Office of Research and Evaluation.

The Austin Independent School Districts (AISD) presents a summary of major findings related to accreditation, plus technical information on evaluation activities conducted during 1982-83. A time use study of social studies and science at the elementary level, conducted in response to a request made by the Texas Education Agency after the 1981-82…

Association between Parental Involvement in School and Child Conduct, Social, and Internalizing Problems: Teacher Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kirkhaug, Bente; Drugli, May Britt; Klockner, Christian A.; Morch, Willy-Tore

2013-01-01

The present study examined the factor structure of the Teacher Involvement Questionnaire (Involve-T) by means of exploratory factor analysis and examined the association between children's socio-emotional and behavioural problems and teacher-reported parental involvement in school, using structural equation modelling. The study was conducted with…

Developmental Trajectories of Conduct Problems and Hyperactivity from Ages 2 to 10

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Daniel S.; Lacourse, Eric; Nagin, Daniel S.

2005-01-01

Background: Conduct problems (CP) and hyperactivity/attention problems (HAP) are thought to covary with regularity, yet few studies have examined their co-occurrence or risk factors that discriminate their trajectories beginning in early childhood. Method: The present study sought to advance our understanding of this issue by examining separate…

The Social Studies Teacher: An Exploration of Ethical Behavior.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ochoa, Anna S.

The ethics and conduct of social studies teachers are discussed and the values that should guide their classroom behavior are articulated. Two sources of values are integrated to derive the value base for ethical conduct. The first source utilizes the three criteria for education presented by the educational philosopher, R. S. Peters--character…

Lesson Co-Planning: Joint Efforts, Shared Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carreño, Laura; Hernandez Ortiz, Luz Stella

2017-01-01

The present article reports the results of a qualitative research study conducted at a higher education institution in Bogotá Colombia. The study aimed at examining the lesson planning practices conducted by English language teachers at the proficiency program of the institution. The participants were a mix of the mentors in charge of each level…

Advancing Career Counseling and Employment Support for Survivors: An Intervention Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davidson, M. Meghan; Nitzel, Camie; Duke, Alysondra; Baker, Cynthia M.; Bovaird, James A.

2012-01-01

The purpose of this research was to conduct a replication-based and extension study examining the effectiveness of a 5-week career group counseling intervention, Advancing Career Counseling and Employment Support for Survivors (ACCESS; Chronister, 2008). The present study was conducted in a markedly different geographic region within a larger…

Tracing Secondary Vocational and Tertiary Education Graduates in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 2016 Tracer Study Results

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nikica Mojsoska-Blazevski, Nikica

2017-01-01

This report presents the findings of the first nationwide tracer study conducted in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. The study was conducted as part of the World Bank's project Skills Development and Innovation Support, within the component focused on developing a Skills Observatory. At the request of the Ministry of Education and…

Working with Families: Promising Programs To Help Parents Support Young Children's Learning. Summary of Findings. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodson, Barbara Dillon; And Others

This report presents the findings of a study conducted for the U.S. Department of Education that analyzed 17 family education programs for disadvantaged families. In-depth studies were conducted on-site for 7 programs; an additional 10 programs were studied via telephone interviews. An "Executive Summary" of eleven pages (also separately…

Electron heating within interaction zones of simple high-speed solar wind streams

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Feldman, W. C.; Asbridge, J. R.; Bame, S. J.; Gosling, J. T.; Lemons, D. S.

1978-01-01

In the present paper, electron heating within the high-speed portions of three simple stream-stream interaction zones is studied to further our understanding of the physics of heat flux regulation in interplanetary space. To this end, the thermal signals present in the compressions at the leading edges of the simple high-speed streams are analyzed, showing that the data are inconsistent with the Spitzer conductivity. Instead, a polynomial law is found to apply. Its implication concerning the mechanism of interplanetary heat conduction is discussed, and the results of applying this conductivity law to high-speed flows inside of 1 AU are studied. A self-consistent model of the radial evolution of electrons in the high-speed solar wind is proposed.

Sustained Effects of Incredible Years as a Preventive Intervention in Preschool Children with Conduct Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Posthumus, Jocelyne A.; Raaijmakers, Maartje A. J.; Maassen, Gerard H.; van Engeland, Herman; Matthys, Walter

2012-01-01

The present study evaluated preventive effects of the Incredible Years program for parents of preschool children who were at risk for a chronic pattern of conduct problems, in the Netherlands. In a matched control design, 72 parents of children with conduct problems received the Incredible Years program. These families (intervention group) were…

Elucidative analysis and sequencing of two respiratory health monitoring methods to study the impact of varying atmospheric composition on human health

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Awasthi, Amit; Hothi, Navjot; Kaur, Prabhjot; Singh, Nirankar; Chakraborty, Monojit; Bansal, Sangeeta

2017-12-01

Atmospheric composition of ambient air consists of different gases in definite proportion that affect the earth's climate and its ecological system. Due to varied anthropogenic reasons, this composition is changed, which ultimately have an impact on the health of living beings. For survival, the human respiratory system is one of the sensitive systems, which is easily and closely affected by the change in atmospheric composition of an external environment. Many studies have been conducted to quantify the effects of atmospheric pollution on human health by using different approaches. This article presents different scenario of studies conducted to evaluate the effects on different human groups. Differences between the studies conducted using spirometry and survey methods are presented in this article to extract a better sequence between these two methodologies. Many studies have been conducted to measure the respiratory status by evaluating the respiratory symptoms and hospital admissions. Limited numbers of studies are found with repeated spirometry on the same subjects for long duration to nullify the error arising due to decrease in efforts by the same subjects during manoeuvre of pulmonary function tests. Present study reveals the importance of methodological sequencing in order to obtain more authentic and reliable results. This study suggests that impacts of deteriorating atmospheric composition on human health can be more significantly studied if spirometry is done after survey analysis. The article also proposes that efficiency and authenticity of surveys involving health impacts will increase, if medical data information of patients is saved in hospitals in a proper format.

Isochoric thermal conductivity of solid n-alkanes: Hexane C6H14

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Konstantinov, V. A.; Revyakin, V. P.; Sagan, V. V.

2011-05-01

The isochoric thermal conductivity of solid n-hexane C6H14 is studied using three samples with different densities for temperatures ranging from 100 K to the onset of melting. In all cases, the isochoric thermal conductivity varies more weakly than Λ∝1/T. The present results are compared with the thermal conductivities of other representatives of the n-alkanes. The contributions of low-frequency phonons and "diffuse modes" to the thermal conductivity are calculated.

Experimental Investigation of Electrical Conductivity and Permittivity of SC-TiO 2 -EG Nanofluids.

PubMed

Fal, Jacek; Barylyak, Adriana; Besaha, Khrystyna; Bobitski, Yaroslav V; Cholewa, Marian; Zawlik, Izabela; Szmuc, Kamil; Cebulski, Józef; Żyła, Gaweł

2016-12-01

The paper presents experimental studies of dielectric properties of nanofluids based on ethylene glycol and SC-TiO2 nanoparticles with average size of 15-40 nm with various mass concentrations. The dielectric permittivity both real part and imaginary part as a function of temperature and frequency were measured. Also, dependence ac conductivity on frequency, temperature, and mass concentration were investigated. Based on the curves of ac conductivity, dc conductivity was calculated, and 400 % enhancement in dc conductivity was exposed.

Experimental Investigation of Electrical Conductivity and Permittivity of SC-TiO 2 -EG Nanofluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fal, Jacek; Barylyak, Adriana; Besaha, Khrystyna; Bobitski, Yaroslav V.; Cholewa, Marian; Zawlik, Izabela; Szmuc, Kamil; Cebulski, Józef; żyła, Gaweł

2016-08-01

The paper presents experimental studies of dielectric properties of nanofluids based on ethylene glycol and SC-TiO2 nanoparticles with average size of 15-40 nm with various mass concentrations. The dielectric permittivity both real part and imaginary part as a function of temperature and frequency were measured. Also, dependence ac conductivity on frequency, temperature, and mass concentration were investigated. Based on the curves of ac conductivity, dc conductivity was calculated, and 400 % enhancement in dc conductivity was exposed.

Aggressive driving enforcement : evaluation of two demonstration programs

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-03-24

This report presents the results of a study conducted to assess the effects of two programs that were implemented to reduce the incidence of aggressive driving. The programs were conducted by the Marion County Traffic Safety Partnership (a consortium...

Aggressive driving enforcement : evaluations of two demonstration programs

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-03-01

This report presents the results of a study conducted to assess the effects of two programs that were implemented to reduce the incidence of aggressive driving. The programs were conducted by the Marion County Traffic Safety Partnership (a consortium...

Video-based training of respite care providers: an interactional analysis of presentation format.

PubMed Central

Neef, N A; Trachtenberg, S; Loeb, J; Sterner, K

1991-01-01

We conducted two studies to evaluate a video-based instructional package for training respite care providers and the role of presentation format (viewing the videotapes alone, with a partner, and with structured group training) as a contextual variable. In Study 1, the results of a within-subjects Latin square design nested within a multiple baseline showed that performance during simulated (role-played) respite care situations improved in five of the six skill areas for the 12 trainees following presentation of the videotape, with no differences between presentation formats. Correct responding generalized to respite care situations involving a developmentally disabled child, and in most cases, acquired skills were maintained for up to 6 months. In Study 2, we conducted a clinical replication of Study 1 under conditions more closely approximating those in which the training program would be implemented by respite care agencies. Results of the between-groups analysis were consistent with the findings of Study 1. PMID:1836458

Dielectric fluid directional spreading under the action of corona discharge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Shangru; Liu, Jie; Hu, Qun; Jiang, Teng; Yang, Jinchu; Liu, Sheng; Zheng, Huai

2018-01-01

Liquid spreading is a very common nature phenomenon and of significant importance for a broad range of applications. In this study, a dielectric fluid directional spreading phenomenon is presented. Under the action of corona discharge, a dielectric fluid, here a typical silicone directionally spreads along conductive patterns on conductive/nonconductive substrates. Directional spreading behaviors of silicone were experimentally observed on different conductive patterns in detail. Spreading speeds were analyzed at different driving voltages, which induced the corona discharge. The presented phenomenon may be useful to inspire several techniques of manipulating liquid transportation and fabricating micropatterns.

Conducting Museum Education Activities within the Context of Developing a Nature Culture in Primary School Students: MTA Natural History Museum Example

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dilli, Rukiye

2016-01-01

The present study, aiming to develop nature culture in primary school students and to help them to become acquainted with their close environment, is a quasi-experimental study. Museum education activities were conducted with the study group which consisted of 128 fourth-grade primary school students. At the end of the study, the students gained…

Conductivity studies of Chitosan doped with different ammonium salts: Effect of ion size

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohan, C. Raja; Senthilkumar, M.; Jayakumar, K.

2015-06-01

In the present investigation influence of ion size on the electrical properties of various ammonium salts of various concentrations doped with Chitosan liquid electrolyte has been studied. The attachment of ammonium salts with Chitosan has been confirmed through FTIR Spectrum. Polarizability is calculated from the refractive index data. Addition of ammonium salts increases the conductivity. It is also observed that increase in ion size, increases the ionic conductivity due to increase in amorphous nature of the material. Increase in concentration leads to increase in conductivity due to the presence of more number of free ions.

Herpetological Monitoring Using a Pitfall Trapping Design in Southern California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fisher, Robert; Stokes, Drew; Rochester, Carlton; Brehme, Cheryl; Hathaway, Stacie; Case, Ted

2008-01-01

The steps necessary to conduct a pitfall trapping survey for small terrestrial vertebrates are presented. Descriptions of the materials needed and the methods to build trapping equipment from raw materials are discussed. Recommended data collection techniques are given along with suggested data fields. Animal specimen processing procedures, including toe- and scale-clipping, are described for lizards, snakes, frogs, and salamanders. Methods are presented for conducting vegetation surveys that can be used to classify the environment associated with each pitfall trap array. Techniques for data storage and presentation are given based on commonly use computer applications. As with any study, much consideration should be given to the study design and methods before beginning any data collection effort.

Science Content Knowledge of 5-6 Year Old Preschool Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olcer, Sevinc

2017-01-01

The present study is a descriptive research in the scanning model. In the present study is research conducted to determine five to six-year-old children's knowledge of science content, study group constitutes of 360 children attending preschool educational institutions in Burdur city center and their parents and teachers. In the study, Science…

Study on effective thermal conductivity of silicone/phosphor composite and its size effect by Lattice Boltzmann method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Lan; Zheng, Huai; Yuan, Chao; Hu, Run; Luo, Xiaobing

2016-12-01

The silicone/phosphor composite is widely used in light emitting diode (LED) packaging. The composite thermal properties, especially the effective thermal conductivity, strongly influence the LED performance. In this paper, a lattice Boltzmann model was presented to predict the silicone/phosphor composite effective thermal conductivity. Based on the present lattice Boltzmann model, a random generation method was established to describe the phosphor particle distribution in composite. Benchmarks were conducted by comparing the simulation results with theoretical solutions for simple cases. Then the model was applied to analyze the effective thermal conductivity of the silicone/phosphor composite and its size effect. The deviations between simulation and experimental results are <7 %, when the phosphor volume fraction varies from 0.038 to 0.45. The simulation results also indicate that effective thermal conductivity of the composite with larger particles is higher than that with small particles at the same volume fraction. While mixing these two sizes of phosphor particles provides an extra enhancement for the effective thermal conductivity.

A Study on the Effect of a Program Teaching Healthy Sexuality Values on Adolescent Sexual Awareness and Sexual Behavior

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moon, Sang Huy

2013-01-01

This study was conducted to explore the effectiveness of a program teaching healthy sexuality values on adolescent sexual awareness and sexual behavior. For this study, the present researcher, along with two other professors, developed a 4-h program on 4 different subjects, and conducted the full education program through four different 4-h…

Using mortality compost in vegetable production: A comparison between summer and winter composting and its use in cabbage production

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of composting to breakdown the carcasses of daily poultry mortality and in the process destroy pathogenic microorganisms that may be present. The study was conducted during the summer and repeated in the winter to determine whether the time of yea...

Mutual cancellation between tones presented by air conduction, by bone conduction and by non-osseous (soft tissue) bone conduction.

PubMed

Chordekar, Shai; Kriksunov, Leonid; Kishon-Rabin, Liat; Adelman, Cahtia; Sohmer, Haim

2012-01-01

Auditory sensation can be elicited not only by air conducted (AC) sound or bone conducted (BC) sound, but also by stimulation of soft tissue (STC) sites on the head and neck relatively distant from deeply underlying bone. Tone stimulation by paired combinations of AC with BC (mastoid) and/or with soft tissue conduction produce the same pitch sensation, mutual masking and beats. The present study was designed to determine whether they can also cancel each other. The study was conducted on ten normal hearing subjects. Tones at 2 kHz were presented in paired combinations by AC (insert earphone), by BC (bone vibrator) at the mastoid, and by the same bone vibrator to several STC sites; e.g. the neck, the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle, the eye, and under the chin, shifting the phases between the pairs. Subjects reported changes in loudness and cancellation. The phase for cancellation differed across subjects. Neck muscle manipulations (changes in head position) led to alterations in the phase at which cancellation was reported. Cancellation was also achieved between pairs of tones to two STC sites. The differing phases for cancellation across subjects and the change in phase accompanying different head positions may be due to the different acoustic impedances of the several tissues in the head and neck. A major component of auditory stimulation by STC may not induce actual skull bone vibrations and may not involve bulk fluid volume displacements. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Amygdala hypoactivity to fearful faces in boys with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits.

PubMed

Jones, Alice P; Laurens, Kristin R; Herba, Catherine M; Barker, Gareth J; Viding, Essi

2009-01-01

Although early-onset conduct problems predict both psychiatric and health problems in adult life, little research has been done to index neural correlates of conduct problems. Emerging research suggests that a subgroup of children with conduct problems and elevated levels of callous-unemotional traits may be genetically vulnerable to manifesting disturbances in neural reactivity to emotional stimuli indexing distress. Using functional MRI, the authors evaluated differences in neural response to emotional stimuli between boys with conduct problems and elevated levels of callous-unemotional traits and comparison boys. Seventeen boys with conduct problems and elevated levels of callous-unemotional traits and 13 comparison boys of equivalent age (mean=11 years) and IQ (mean=100) viewed blocked presentations of fearful and neutral faces. For each face, participants distinguished the sex of the face via manual response. Relative to the comparison group, boys with conduct problems and elevated levels of callous-unemotional traits manifested lesser right amygdala activity to fearful faces. This finding is in line with data from studies of adults with antisocial behavior and callous-unemotional traits (i.e., psychopaths), as well as from a recent study of adolescents with callous-unemotional traits, and suggests that the neural substrates of emotional impairment associated with callous-unemotional antisocial behavior are already present in childhood.

Asking Better Questions: How Presentation Formats Influence Information Search

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wu, Charley M.; Meder, Björn; Filimon, Flavia; Nelson, Jonathan D.

2017-01-01

While the influence of presentation formats have been widely studied in Bayesian reasoning tasks, we present the first systematic investigation of how presentation formats influence information search decisions. Four experiments were conducted across different probabilistic environments, where subjects (N = 2,858) chose between 2 possible search…

Electrical conductivity and Hf 4+ ion substitution range in NaSICON system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Essoumhi, A.; Favotto, C.; Mansori, M.; Ouzaouit, K.; Satre, P.

2007-03-01

In this paper, we present the synthesis and characterizations of NaSICON-type ionic conducting ceramics of the general formula Na 1+ xM 1.775Si x-0.9P 3.9- xO 12 with 1.8 ≤ x ≤ 2.2 and M = Zr or Hf. The effect of the total substitution of zirconium by hafnium on electric properties has been studied. The various compositions were prepared by using the sol-gel method and the synthesized precursors were characterized by coupled DTA-TG. The oxides obtained after pyrolysis of the precursors were identified by X-ray diffraction. A sintering study by thermodilatometry permits to select the best thermal cycle adapted to our ceramics. Furthermore, the electric conductivity of the sintered ceramic samples was characterized by complex impedance spectroscopy. These results show that ceramics containing Zr synthesized by soft method, present a higher total conductivity than those obtained in literature (to be around 10 -4 S cm -1). The total substitution of Zr by Hf still improves this conductivity for some compositions.

Improvement of finite element meshes - Heat transfer in an infinite cylinder

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kittur, Madan G.; Huston, Ronald L.; Oswald, Fred B.

1989-01-01

An extension of a structural finite element mesh improvement technique to heat conduction analysis is presented. The mesh improvement concept was originally presented by Prager in studying tapered, axially loaded bars. It was further shown that an improved mesh can be obtained by minimizing the trace of the stiffnes matrix. These procedures are extended and applied to the analysis of heat conduction in an infinitely long hollow circular cylinder.

Improvement in finite element meshes: Heat transfer in an infinite cylinder

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kittur, Madan G.; Huston, Ronald L.; Oswald, Fred B.

1988-01-01

An extension of a structural finite element mesh improvement technique to heat conduction analysis is presented. The mesh improvement concept was originally presented by Prager in studying tapered, axially loaded bars. It was further shown that an improved mesh can be obtained by minimizing the trace of the stiffness matrix. These procedures are extended and applied to the analysis of heat conduction in an infinitely long hollow circular cylinder.

Specific Conductance in the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Diamond Creek, Northern Arizona, 1988-2007

USGS Publications Warehouse

Voichick, Nicholas

2008-01-01

The construction of Glen Canyon Dam, completed in 1963, resulted in substantial physical and biological changes to downstream Colorado River environments between Lake Powell and Lake Mead - an area almost entirely within Grand Canyon National Park, Ariz. In an effort to understand these changes, data have been collected to assess the condition of a number of downstream resources. In terms of measuring water quality, the collection of specific-conductance data is a cost-effective method for estimating salinity. Data-collection activities were initially undertaken by the Bureau of Reclamation's Glen Canyon Environmental Studies (1982-96); these efforts were subsequently transferred to the U.S. Geological Survey's Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (1996 to the present). This report describes the specific-conductance dataset collected for the Colorado River between Glen Canyon Dam and Diamond Creek from 1988 to 2007. Data-collection and processing methods used during the study period are described, and time-series plots of the data are presented. The report also includes plots showing the relation between specific conductance and total dissolved solids. Examples of the use of specific conductance as a natural tracer of parcels of water are presented. Analysis of the data indicates that short-duration spikes and troughs in specific-conductance values lasting from hours to days are primarily the result of flooding in the Paria and Little Colorado Rivers, Colorado River tributaries below Glen Canyon Dam. Specific conductance also exhibits seasonal variations owing to changes in the position of density layers within the reservoir; these changes are driven by inflow hydrology, meteorological conditions, and background stratification. Longer term trends in Colorado River specific conductance are reflective of climatological conditions in the upper Colorado River Basin. For example, drought conditions generally result in an increase in specific conductance in Lake Powell. Therefore, the average annual specific conductance below Glen Canyon Dam is inversely related to the volume of water in Lake Powell.

Epistemological pluralism: reorganizing interdisciplinary research.

Treesearch

Thaddius R. Miller; Timothy D. Baird; Caitlin M. Littlefield; Gary Kofinas; E. Stuart Chapin; Charles L. Redman

2008-01-01

Despite progress in interdisciplinary research, difficulties remain. In this paper, we argue that scholars, educators, and practitioners need to critically rethink the ways in which interdisciplinary research and training are conducted. We present epistemological pluralism as an approach for conducting innovative, collaborative research and study. Epistemological...

Utilizing Microsoft[R] Office to Produce and Present Recursive Frame Analysis Findings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chenail, Ronald J.; Duffy, Maureen

2011-01-01

Although researchers conducting qualitative descriptive studies, ethnographies, phenomenologies, grounded theory, and narrative inquiries commonly use computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) to manage their projects and analyses, investigators conducting discursive methodologies such as discourse or conversation analysis seem…

The Psychedelic Debriefing in Alcohol Dependence Treatment: Illustrating Key Change Phenomena through Qualitative Content Analysis of Clinical Sessions

PubMed Central

Nielson, Elizabeth M.; May, Darrick G.; Forcehimes, Alyssa A.; Bogenschutz, Michael P.

2018-01-01

Research on the clinical applications of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has demonstrated promising early results for treatment of alcohol dependence. Detailed description of the content and methods of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, as it is conducted in clinical settings, is scarce. Methods: An open-label pilot (proof-of-concept) study of psilocybin-assisted treatment of alcohol dependence (NCT01534494) was conducted to generate data for a phase 2 RCT (NCT02061293) of a similar treatment in a larger population. The present paper presents a qualitative content analysis of the 17 debriefing sessions conducted in the pilot study, which occurred the day after corresponding psilocybin medication sessions. Results: Participants articulated a series of key phenomena related to change in drinking outcomes and acute subjective effects of psilocybin. Discussion: The data illuminate change processes in patients' own words during clinical sessions, shedding light on potential therapeutic mechanisms of change and how participants express effects of psilocybin. This study is unique in analyzing actual clinical sessions, as opposed to interviews of patients conducted separately from treatment. PMID:29515449

The association between conduct problems and maltreatment: testing genetic and environmental mediation.

PubMed

Schulz-Heik, R Jay; Rhee, Soo Hyun; Silvern, Louise E; Haberstick, Brett C; Hopfer, Christian; Lessem, Jeffrey M; Hewitt, John K

2010-05-01

It is often assumed that childhood maltreatment causes conduct problems via an environmentally mediated process. However, the association may be due alternatively to either a nonpassive gene-environment correlation, in which parents react to children's genetically-influenced conduct problems by maltreating them, or a passive gene-environment correlation, in which parents' tendency to engage in maltreatment and children's conduct problems are both influenced by a hereditary vulnerability to antisocial behavior (i.e. genetic mediation). The present study estimated the contribution of these processes to the association between maltreatment and conduct problems. Bivariate behavior genetic analyses were conducted on approximately 1,650 twin and sibling pairs drawn from a large longitudinal study of adolescent health (Add Health). The correlation between maltreatment and conduct problems was small; much of the association between maltreatment and conduct problems was due to a nonpassive gene-environment correlation. Results were more consistent with the hypothesis that parents respond to children's genetically-influenced conduct problems by maltreating them than the hypothesis that maltreatment causes conduct problems.

Research Review for the Study of Pacific At-Risk Factors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kawakami, Alice

This report provides a brief review of literature on at-risk students and implications for a study being conducted by the Pacific Region Educational Laboratory (PREL). The study aims to identify factors that put students at-risk of failure within the present system of public high schools in the Pacific region. Although numerous studies present a…

Experimental study of high density foods for the Space Operations Center

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ahmed, S. M.

1981-01-01

The experimental study of high density foods for the Space Operations Center is described. A sensory evaluation of the high density foods was conducted first to test the acceptability of the products. A shelf-life study of the high density foods was also conducted for three different time lengths at three different temperatures. The nutritional analysis of the high density foods is at present incomplete.

Children's Understanding of the Transmission of Genetic Disorders and Contagious Illnesses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raman, Lakshmi; Gelman, Susan A.

2005-01-01

The authors conducted 4 studies suggesting that children attribute different modes of transmission to genetic disorders and contagious illnesses. Study 1 presented preschoolers through 5th graders and adults with "switched-at-birth" scenarios for various disorders. Study 2 presented preschoolers with the same disorders but used contagion links in…

Contagious Tolerance: Creating Safe Schools for Our Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Joseph R.

2011-01-01

This presentation is premised on a research study that was conducted with a group of secondary teachers. The study examined how teachers grappled with issues surrounding homophobia and heterosexism in their schools. For the purpose of this presentation, some of the findings from this study have been applied to the college campus. Specifically, the…

Gender Gaps in North American Research Productivity: Examining Faculty Publication Rates in Mexico, Canada, and the U.S.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Padilla-Gonzalez, Laura; Metcalfe, Amy Scott; Galaz-Fontes, Jesus F.; Fisher, Donald; Snee, Iain

2011-01-01

The present study addresses gender gaps in North American research productivity, which may be influenced by personal and family variables, as well as professional and work-related variables. The study was conducted as part of the "Changing Academic Profession (CAP) International Survey", conducted in 2007-08. Using articles as indicator…

Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Transmission of Parental Depression to Children's Depression and Conduct Disturbance: An Extended Children of Twins Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silberg, Judy L.; Maes, Hermine; Eaves, Lindon J.

2010-01-01

Background: Despite the increased risk of depression and conduct problems in children of depressed parents, the mechanism by which parental depression affects their children's behavioral and emotional functioning is not well understood. The present study was undertaken to determine whether parental depression represents a genuine environmental…

Planning, Organizing, and Conducting a 2-Week Study Abroad Trip for Undergraduate Students: Guidelines for First-Time Faculty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koernig, Stephen K.

2007-01-01

This article provides specific recommendations to help faculty members organize, plan, and conduct a short-term overseas study tour. Specifically, strategies are presented to help with managing student anxiety in the pretrip sessions, acclimating the students to their new environment in the early part of the trip, balancing academic content with…

Paychecks: A Guide to Conducting Salary-Equity Studies for Higher Education Faculty. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haignere, Lois

This guidebook is designed as a resource for those in the higher education community who want to conduct analyses of bias in faculty salaries or to understand and interpret the results of studies presented to them. This edition will help readers detect gender and face bias in current rank, select a salary-equity consultant, understand different…

Building Academic Skills in Context: Testing the Value of Enhanced Math Learning in CTE. Pilot Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stone, James R., III; Alfeld, Corinne; Pearson, Donna; Lewis, Morgan V.; Jensen, Susan

2005-01-01

This report describes the conduct and outcomes of an experimental pilot study conducted in Spring 2004 to develop and test a model that aimed to enhance career and technical education (CTE) instruction with the mathematics already embedded in the curricula of six occupational areas. Although present in the CTE curriculum, math is largely implicit…

Intracochlear pressure measurements to study bone conduction transmission: State-of-the art and proof of concept of the experimental Procedure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borgers, Charlotte; van Wieringen, Astrid; D'hondt, Christiane; Verhaert, Nicolas

2018-05-01

The cochlea is the main contributor in bone conduction perception. Measurements of differential pressure in the cochlea give a good estimation of the cochlear input provided by bone conduction stimulation. Recent studies have proven the feasibility of intracochlear pressure measurements in chinchillas and in human temporal bones to study bone conduction. However, similar measurements in fresh-frozen whole human cadaveric heads could give a more realistic representation of the five different transmission pathways of bone conduction to the cochlea compared to human temporal bones. The aim of our study is to develop and validate a framework for intracochlear pressure measurements to evaluate different aspects of bone conduction in whole human cadaveric heads. A proof of concept describing our experimental setup is provided together with the procedure. Additionally, we also present a method to fix the stapes footplate in order to simulate otosclerosis in human temporal bones. The effectiveness of this method is verified by some preliminary results.

Tire footprint studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chawla, Mangal; Medzorian, John

1995-01-01

This presentation covers the results of tire footprint studies conducted in the Landing Gear Development Facility of the USAF Wright Laboratory at the Wright Patterson Air force Base, OH. Tire footprint studies are essential in understanding tire wear mechanisms and computing tire tread wear rates. The power input into the tread is the driving force for tread wear. Variables needed for power input calculations include the footprint pressure and slip velocity distributions. Studies were performed on the effects of power input distributions due to vertical load, camber, yaw, inflation pressure, and tire construction. For the present study, two tire constructions, one radial and the other bias, were selected. These tires were for the F-16 Block 30 fighter aircraft, both of which were previously worn. The present study was limited to steady straight roll with a 14,000 lb vertical load, a 310 psi inflation pressure, and zero yaw and camber. All tests were conducted on the Tire Force Machine (TFM) with a specialized sensor plate with embedded pressure sensors (X, Y, and Z) and slip sensors (X and Y). All tests were conducted for a table speed of 1 in/s. Tests on the TFM show that the power intensity distributions and total power for both tire constructions are quite similar for straight roll. Later on, tests were also conducted on a modified dynamometer which was overlaid with a grit wear surface. The tire speed was maintained at 40 miles per hour and yaw was set to four degrees. Dynamometer tests showed that radial tires have more tread wear than the bias tire; however, in the field, radial tires have longer life.

Ethical Issues Involving Research Conducted with Homebound Older Adults

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Locher, Julie L.; Bronstein, Janet; Robinson, Caroline O.; Williams, Charlotte; Ritchie, Christine S.

2006-01-01

Conducting research in the home setting with homebound older adults presents distinct ethical and practical challenges that require special consideration. This article describes the methodological issues that make studying homebound older adults especially vulnerable to therapeutic misconception and researcher role conflict and offers practical…

Nanoscale electrical property studies of individual GeSi quantum rings by conductive scanning probe microscopy.

PubMed

Lv, Yi; Cui, Jian; Jiang, Zuimin M; Yang, Xinju

2012-11-29

The nanoscale electrical properties of individual self-assembled GeSi quantum rings (QRs) were studied by scanning probe microscopy-based techniques. The surface potential distributions of individual GeSi QRs are obtained by scanning Kelvin microscopy (SKM). Ring-shaped work function distributions are observed, presenting that the QRs' rim has a larger work function than the QRs' central hole. By combining the SKM results with those obtained by conductive atomic force microscopy and scanning capacitance microscopy, the correlations between the surface potential, conductance, and carrier density distributions are revealed, and a possible interpretation for the QRs' conductance distributions is suggested.

Optimization of mechanical performance of oxidative nano-particle electrode nitrile butadiene rubber conducting polymer actuator.

PubMed

Kim, Baek-Chul; Park, S J; Cho, M S; Lee, Y; Nam, J D; Choi, H R; Koo, J C

2009-12-01

Present work delivers a systematical evaluation of actuation efficiency of a nano-particle electrode conducting polymer actuator fabricated based on Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR). Attempts are made for maximizing mechanical functionality of the nano-particle electrode conducting polymer actuator that can be driven in the air. As the conducting polymer polypyrrole of the actuator is to be fabricated through a chemical oxidation polymerization process that may impose certain limitations on both electrical and mechanical functionality of the actuator, a coordinated study for optimization process of the actuator is necessary for maximizing its performance. In this article actuation behaviors of the nano-particle electrode polypyrrole conducting polymer is studied and an optimization process for the mechanical performance maximization is performed.

Dark and photo conductivity analysis of Cu doped CdSe-PVA nanocomposites synthesized by chemical route

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rani, Amita; Kurchania, Rajnish; Tripathi, S. K., E-mail: surya@pu.ac.in

2016-05-06

Present communication deals with the study of electrical conductivity measurements of Cu doped CdSe-PVA nanocomposite via chemical method. In electrical measurements, the dark conductivity (σ{sub d}) and the photoconductivity (σ{sub ph}) of CdSe prepared thin films have been studied in the temperature range of 308–343 K. The effect of temperature and the intensity on conductivity has been analyzed for CdSe and CdSe:Cu nanocomposite films. The conductivity of all the samples increases with increasing temperature indicating the semiconducting behavior of the samples. The value of photo activation energy is less than the dark activation energy due to the shift in energy levelsmore » under illumination.« less

Flexible Fabrics with High Thermal Conductivity for Advanced Spacesuits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Trevino, Luis A.; Bue, Grant; Orndoff, Evelyne; Kesterson, Matt; Connel, John W.; Smith, Joseph G., Jr.; Southward, Robin E.; Working, Dennis; Watson, Kent A.; Delozier, Donovan M.

2006-01-01

This paper describes the effort and accomplishments for developing flexible fabrics with high thermal conductivity (FFHTC) for spacesuits to improve thermal performance, lower weight and reduce complexity. Commercial and additional space exploration applications that require substantial performance enhancements in removal and transport of heat away from equipment as well as from the human body can benefit from this technology. Improvements in thermal conductivity were achieved through the use of modified polymers containing thermally conductive additives. The objective of the FFHTC effort is to significantly improve the thermal conductivity of the liquid cooled ventilation garment by improving the thermal conductivity of the subcomponents (i.e., fabric and plastic tubes). This paper presents the initial system modeling studies, including a detailed liquid cooling garment model incorporated into the Wissler human thermal regulatory model, to quantify the necessary improvements in thermal conductivity and garment geometries needed to affect system performance. In addition, preliminary results of thermal conductivity improvements of the polymer components of the liquid cooled ventilation garment are presented. By improving thermal garment performance, major technology drivers will be addressed for lightweight, high thermal conductivity, flexible materials for spacesuits that are strategic technical challenges of the Exploration

Layered conductive polymer on nylon membrane templates for high performance, thin-film supercapacitor electrodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shi, HaoTian Harvey; Naguib, Hani E.

2016-04-01

Flexible Thin-film Electrochemical Capacitors (ECs) are emerging technology that plays an important role as energy supply for various electronics system for both present era and the future. Intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs) are promising pseudo-capacitive materials as they feature both good electrical conductivity and high specific capacitance. This study focuses on the construction and characterization of ultra-high surface area porous electrodes based on coating of nano-sized conductive polymer materials on nylon membrane templates. Herein, a novel nano-engineered electrode material based on nylon membranes was presented, which allows the creation of super-capacitor devices that is capable of delivering competitive performance, while maintaining desirable mechanical characteristics. With the formation of a highly conductive network with the polyaniline nano-layer, the electrical conductivity was also increased dramatically to facilitate the charge transfer process. Cyclic voltammetry and specific capacitance results showed promising application of this type of composite materials for future smart textile applications.

Monitoring of mass measles campaign in AILA-affected areas of West Bengal.

PubMed

Dasgupta, Samir; Bagchi, Saumendra Nath; Ghosh, Pramit; Sardar, Jadab Chandra; Roy, Amal Sinha; Sau, Manabendra

2010-01-01

A mass measles campaign was organized in AILA-affected areas of West Bengal in July-August 2009. The present cross-sectional study was conducted with the objectives to monitor and assess the cold chain maintenance, safe injection practices, IEC methods adopted, and to observe the conduction of the sessions in the campaign. All the cold chain points at the block level had adequate vaccines and equipments, twice monitoring of temperature which was in optimal range. 82% sessions had team according to microplan, AWW was present and team members were actively mobilizing the children in 83% sessions, puncture proof container was used and vaccines were given in correct sites in more than 95% sessions. The study observed satisfactory conduction of the whole campaign, still the injection safety procedures should be strengthened considering the potential harm to the health care providers.

Investigation of the electrical characteristics of electrically conducting yarns and fabrics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Akbarov, R. D.; Baymuratov, B. H.; Akbarov, D. N.; Ilhamova, M.

2017-11-01

Electro-conductive textile materials and products are used presently giving solutions to the problems, related to static electricity, electromagnetic shielding and electromagnetic radiation. Thus a study of their electro-physical characteristics, character of conductivity, possibility of forecasting of electric parameters etc has a substantial value. This work shows the possibility of production electro-conducting textile materials with stable anti-static properties by introduction of electro-conducting yarn into the structure of fabrics. The results of the research, directed to the study of the electro-physical characteristics of electroconducting yarn and fabrics, are influenced by the frequent washing of polyester fabrics containing the different amounts of electro-conducting filaments in the composition. This article reviews the results of the related research, of the electrical characteristics of the yarn and fabric, of the effect of multiple water treatments on the electrical properties of polyester fabrics, containing in their composition different amounts of electrically conductive yarns.

Hearing in Paget's disease of bone.

PubMed

Amilibia Cabeza, Emilio; Holgado Pérez, Susana; Pérez Grau, Marta; Moragues Pastor, Carme; Roca-Ribas Serdà, Francesc; Quer Agustí, Miquel

2018-06-04

Paget's disease of bone (PDB) may lead to hearing loss. The present study was conducted with the aim of measuring, characterizing and determining the risk factors for hearing loss in a group of subjects with PDB. An observational, transversal, case-control study was conducted, a cohort of 76 subjects diagnosed with PDB in the case group and a control group of 134 subjects were included. Clinical, demographic and audiometric data were analysed. The comparative analysis between the subjects in the PDB group and the control group found that the case group showed higher hearing thresholds (39,51dB) compared with the control group (37.28dB) (P=.069) and presented a greater rate of conductive hearing loss (22.76%) than the control group (12.05%) (P=.0062). The study of risk factors for hearing loss found that skull involvement in bone scintigraphy, age and high blood pressure were risk factors for higher impairment in PDB. The subjects with PDB showed more profound and a higher proportion of conductive hearing loss than the control group. The patients with PDB and skull involvement presented a more severe hearing loss compared with the subjects without skull involvement. Skull involvement and age were found to be risk factors for hearing loss. Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Otorrinolaringología y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Chronic inflammatory pure sensory polyradiculoneuropathy: a rare CIDP variant with unusual electrophysiology.

PubMed

Rajabally, Yusuf A; Wong, Siew L

2012-03-01

We describe a patient presenting with progressive upper limb numbness and sensory ataxia of the 4 limbs. Motor nerve conduction studies were completely normal. Sensory electrophysiology showed reduced/absent upper limb sensory action potentials (SAPs). In the lower limbs, SAPs were mostly normal. Sensory conduction velocities were normal. Forearm sensory conduction blocks were present for both median nerves on antidromic testing. The maximal recordable sural SAP was preserved in comparison to maximal recordable radial SAP, consistent with an "abnormal radial normal sural" pattern. Somatosensory evoked potentials were unrecordable for tibial and median nerves. Cerebrospinal fluid protein was raised (0.99 g/L). The patient worsened on oral corticosteroids but subsequently made substantial functional recovery on intravenous immunoglobulins. This case is different to those previously reported of sensory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, given its exclusive sensory electrophysiologic presentation, presence of predominant upper limb reduced sensory amplitudes, and detection of sensory conduction blocks. These electrophysiologic features were of paramount importance in establishing diagnosis and effective therapy.

Simulators' validation study: Problem solution logic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schoultz, M. B.

1974-01-01

A study was conducted to validate the ground based simulators used for aircraft environment in ride-quality research. The logic to the approach for solving this problem is developed. The overall problem solution flow chart is presented. The factors which could influence the human response to the environment on board the aircraft are analyzed. The mathematical models used in the study are explained. The steps which were followed in conducting the validation tests are outlined.

Interpreting equilibrium-conductivity and conductivity-relaxation measurements to establish thermodynamic and transport properties for multiple charged defect conducting ceramics.

PubMed

Zhu, Huayang; Ricote, Sandrine; Coors, W Grover; Kee, Robert J

2015-01-01

A model-based interpretation of measured equilibrium conductivity and conductivity relaxation is developed to establish thermodynamic, transport, and kinetics parameters for multiple charged defect conducting (MCDC) ceramic materials. The present study focuses on 10% yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY10). In principle, using the Nernst-Einstein relationship, equilibrium conductivity measurements are sufficient to establish thermodynamic and transport properties. However, in practice it is difficult to establish unique sets of properties using equilibrium conductivity alone. Combining equilibrium and conductivity-relaxation measurements serves to significantly improve the quantitative fidelity of the derived material properties. The models are developed using a Nernst-Planck-Poisson (NPP) formulation, which enables the quantitative representation of conductivity relaxations caused by very large changes in oxygen partial pressure.

Investigation on magnetoacoustic signal generation with magnetic induction and its application to electrical conductivity reconstruction.

PubMed

Ma, Qingyu; He, Bin

2007-08-21

A theoretical study on the magnetoacoustic signal generation with magnetic induction and its applications to electrical conductivity reconstruction is conducted. An object with a concentric cylindrical geometry is located in a static magnetic field and a pulsed magnetic field. Driven by Lorentz force generated by the static magnetic field, the magnetically induced eddy current produces acoustic vibration and the propagated sound wave is received by a transducer around the object to reconstruct the corresponding electrical conductivity distribution of the object. A theory on the magnetoacoustic waveform generation for a circular symmetric model is provided as a forward problem. The explicit formulae and quantitative algorithm for the electrical conductivity reconstruction are then presented as an inverse problem. Computer simulations were conducted to test the proposed theory and assess the performance of the inverse algorithms for a multi-layer cylindrical model. The present simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed theory and suggest the feasibility of reconstructing electrical conductivity distribution based on the proposed theory on the magnetoacoustic signal generation with magnetic induction.

Thermal conductivity of disordered two-dimensional binary alloys.

PubMed

Zhou, Yang; Guo, Zhi-Xin; Cao, Hai-Yuan; Chen, Shi-You; Xiang, Hong-Jun; Gong, Xin-Gao

2016-10-20

Using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we have studied the effect of disorder on the thermal conductivity of two-dimensional (2D) C 1-x N x alloys. We find that the thermal conductivity not only depends on the substitution concentration of nitrogen, but also strongly depends on the disorder distribution. A general linear relationship is revealed between the thermal conductivity and the participation ratio of phonons in 2D alloys. Localization mode analysis further indicates that the thermal conductivity variation in the ordered alloys can be attributed to the number of inequivalent atoms. As for the disordered alloys, we find that the thermal conductivity variation can be described by a simple linear formula with the disorder degree and the substitution concentration. The present study suggests some general guidance for phonon manipulation and thermal engineering in low dimensional alloys.

Adoption of Web 2.0 Technology in Higher Education: A Case Study of Universities in National Capital Region, India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tyagi, Sunil

2012-01-01

The present study was conducted in six (6) Indian Universities at NCR (National Capital Region) of India to explore the usage analysis of Web 2.0 technologies in learning environment by faculty members. The investigator conducted a survey with the help of structured questionnaire on 300 respondents. A total of 300 self-administered questionnaires…

Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction for high-resolution bioimepedance imaging through vector source reconstruction under the static field of MRI magnet.

PubMed

Mariappan, Leo; Hu, Gang; He, Bin

2014-02-01

Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is an imaging modality to reconstruct the electrical conductivity of biological tissue based on the acoustic measurements of Lorentz force induced tissue vibration. This study presents the feasibility of the authors' new MAT-MI system and vector source imaging algorithm to perform a complete reconstruction of the conductivity distribution of real biological tissues with ultrasound spatial resolution. In the present study, using ultrasound beamformation, imaging point spread functions are designed to reconstruct the induced vector source in the object which is used to estimate the object conductivity distribution. Both numerical studies and phantom experiments are performed to demonstrate the merits of the proposed method. Also, through the numerical simulations, the full width half maximum of the imaging point spread function is calculated to estimate of the spatial resolution. The tissue phantom experiments are performed with a MAT-MI imaging system in the static field of a 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging magnet. The image reconstruction through vector beamformation in the numerical and experimental studies gives a reliable estimate of the conductivity distribution in the object with a ∼ 1.5 mm spatial resolution corresponding to the imaging system frequency of 500 kHz ultrasound. In addition, the experiment results suggest that MAT-MI under high static magnetic field environment is able to reconstruct images of tissue-mimicking gel phantoms and real tissue samples with reliable conductivity contrast. The results demonstrate that MAT-MI is able to image the electrical conductivity properties of biological tissues with better than 2 mm spatial resolution at 500 kHz, and the imaging with MAT-MI under a high static magnetic field environment is able to provide improved imaging contrast for biological tissue conductivity reconstruction.

Time Use Differences in Activity Participation among Children 4-5 Years Old with and without the Risk of Developing Conduct Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yu, Mong-Lin; Ziviani, Jenny; Baxter, Janeen; Haynes, Michele

2012-01-01

Conduct problems in childhood are associated with the way in which children engage in daily activities. Research, to date, on conduct problems in relation to time use has primarily focused on school aged children and their participation in discrete activities such as watching TV and sport. The purpose of the present study is to determine if…

An Astronomical Survey Conducted in Belgium

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nazé, Yaël; Fantaine, Sébastien

2014-01-01

This paper presents the results of the first survey conducted in Belgium about the interest in and knowledge of astronomy. Two samples were studied, the public at large (667 questionnaires) and students (2589 questionnaires), but the results are generally similar in both samples. We evaluated people's interest, main information source and…

Lake Michigan lake trout PCB model forecast post audit (oral presentation)

EPA Science Inventory

Scenario forecasts for total PCBs in Lake Michigan (LM) lake trout were conducted using the linked LM2-Toxics and LM Food Chain models, supported by a suite of additional LM models. Efforts were conducted under the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study and the post audit represents an...

A Comparison of Pure and Comorbid CD/ODD and Depression

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ezpeleta, Lourdes; Domenech, Josep M.; Angold, Adrian

2006-01-01

Background: We studied the symptomatology of conduct/oppositional defiant disorder and major depression/dysthymic disorder in "pure" and comorbid presentations. Method: The sample comprised 382 children of 8 to 17 years of age attending for psychiatric outpatient consultation. Ninety-two had depressive disorders without conduct disorders, 165…

Electrical conductivity behavior of Gum Arabic biopolymer-Fe3O4 nanocomposites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhakat, D.; Barik, P.; Bhattacharjee, A.

2018-01-01

Present work reports a study on the electrical conduction properties of some composites of Gum Arabic biopolymer and magnetite nanoparticles as host and guest, respectively, synthesized in different weight percentages. The nanocomposites are found to be non-extrinsic type of semiconductors with guest content dependent trap distribution of charge carriers. Conductivity of these materials increases with increasing guest content along with a concomitant decrease in the activation energy. Percolation theory has been employed for the analysis of the electrical conductivity results to explore the effect of the guest on the electrical conductivity of the host.

Researcher Perceptions of Ethical Guidelines and Codes of Conduct

PubMed Central

Giorgini, Vincent; Mecca, Jensen T.; Gibson, Carter; Medeiros, Kelsey; Mumford, Michael D.; Connelly, Shane; Devenport, Lynn D.

2014-01-01

Ethical codes of conduct exist in almost every profession. Field-specific codes of conduct have been around for decades, each articulating specific ethical and professional guidelines. However, there has been little empirical research on researchers’ perceptions of these codes of conduct. In the present study, we interviewed faculty members in six research disciplines and identified five themes bearing on the circumstances under which they use ethical guidelines and the underlying reasons for not adhering to such guidelines. We then identify problems with the manner in which codes of conduct in academia are constructed and offer solutions for overcoming these problems. PMID:25635845

Challenges of implementing intervention research in persons with dementia: example of a glider swing intervention.

PubMed

Snyder, M; Tseng, Y H; Brandt, C; Croghan, C; Hanson, S; Constantine, R; Kirby, L

2001-01-01

Intervention studies for persons with dementia present many challenges. This article describes challenges encountered in conducting a glider swing intervention study for persons with dementia and the strategies used to manage the problems encountered. The overall purpose of a quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of a glider swing intervention on emotions, relaxation, and aggressive behaviors in nursing home residents with dementia. Suggestions for investigators conducting intervention studies for persons with dementia are provided.

Flotation and survival equipment studies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-01-01

This report is a collection of various studies, conducted over 15 years, of flotation and survival equipment used or proposed for aviation application, including developmental and prototype designs. Results of these studies were presented at scientif...

A Methodology for Conducting Integrative Mixed Methods Research and Data Analyses

PubMed Central

Castro, Felipe González; Kellison, Joshua G.; Boyd, Stephen J.; Kopak, Albert

2011-01-01

Mixed methods research has gained visibility within the last few years, although limitations persist regarding the scientific caliber of certain mixed methods research designs and methods. The need exists for rigorous mixed methods designs that integrate various data analytic procedures for a seamless transfer of evidence across qualitative and quantitative modalities. Such designs can offer the strength of confirmatory results drawn from quantitative multivariate analyses, along with “deep structure” explanatory descriptions as drawn from qualitative analyses. This article presents evidence generated from over a decade of pilot research in developing an integrative mixed methods methodology. It presents a conceptual framework and methodological and data analytic procedures for conducting mixed methods research studies, and it also presents illustrative examples from the authors' ongoing integrative mixed methods research studies. PMID:22167325

Thermal conductivity of rigid foam insulations for aerospace vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrios, M.; Van Sciver, S. W.

2013-05-01

The present work describes measurements of the effective thermal conductivity of NCFI 24-124 foam, a spray-on foam insulation used formerly on the Space Shuttle external fuel tank. A novel apparatus to measure the effective thermal conductivity of rigid foam at temperatures ranging from 20 K to 300 K was developed and used to study three samples of NCFI 24-124 foam insulation. In preparation for measurement, the foam samples were either treated with a uniquely designed moisture absorption apparatus or different residual gases to study their impact on the effective thermal conductivity of the foam. The resulting data are compared to other measurements and mathematical models reported in the literature.

Considerations for conducting epidemiologic case-control studies of cancer in developing countries.

PubMed

Brinton, L A; Herrero, R; Brenes, M; Montalván, P; de la Guardia, M E; Avila, A; Domínguez, I L; Basurto, E; Reeves, W C

1991-01-01

The challenges involved in conducting epidemiologic studies of cancer in developing countries can be and often are unique. This article reports on our experience in performing a case-control study of invasive cervical cancer in four Latin American countries (Columbia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Panama), the summary medical results of which have been published in a previous issue of this journal (1). The study involved a number of principal activities--mainly selecting, conducting interviews with, and obtaining appropriate biologic specimens from 759 cervical cancer patients, 1,467 matched female controls, and 689 male sex partners of monogamous female subjects. This presentation provides an overview of the planning and methods used to select the subjects, conduct the survey work, and obtain complete and effectively unbiased data. It also points out some of the important advantages and disadvantages of working in developing areas similar to those serving as locales for this study.

Carbon nanotube conditioning: ab initio simulations of the effect of defects and doping on the electronic properties of carbon nanotube systems.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soto, Matias; Barrera, Enrique

Using carbon nanotubes for electrical conduction applications at the macroscale has proven to be a difficult task, mainly, due to defects and impurities present, and lack of uniform electronic properties in synthesized carbon nanotube bundles. Some researchers have suggested that growing only metallic armchair nanotubes and arranging them with an ideal contact length could lead to the ultimate electrical conductivity; however, such recipe presents too high of a cost to pay. A different route and the topic of this work is to learn to manage the defects, impurities, and the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes present, so that the electrical conduction of a bundle or even wire may be enhanced. We used density functional theory calculations to study the effect of defects and doping on the electronic structure of metallic, semi-metal and semiconducting carbon nanotubes in order to gain a clear picture of their properties. Additionally, using dopants to increase the conductance across a junction between two carbon nanotubes was studied for different configurations. Finally, interaction potentials obtained via first-principles calculations were generalized by developing mathematical models for the purpose of running simulations at a larger length scale using molecular dynamics. Partial funding was received from CONACyT Scholarship 314419.

Discrimination between Fatigue Cracking and Mechanical Damage in Aircraft Fastener Holes by Eddy-Current Phase Rotation

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-01

present work, a systematic BHEC and fractographic study has been conducted by inspecting several hundred fastener holes in ex-service F/A- 18 ...BHEC and fractographic study was conducted by inspecting several hundred fastener holes in ex-service F/A- 18 aircraft bulkheads, following fatigue...study is based on BHEC inspections of several hundred fastener holes in ex-service F/A- 18 aircraft bulkheads. These Al-alloy bulkheads contained

Using an interlaboratory study to revise methods for conducting 10-d to 42-d water or sediment toxicity tests with Hyalella azteca

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ivey, Chris D.; Ingersoll, Christopher G.; Brumbaugh, William G.; Hammer, Edward J.; Mount, David R.; Hockett, J. Russell; Norberg-King, Teresa J.; Soucek, Dave; Taylor, Lisa

2016-01-01

Studies have been conducted to refine US Environmental Protection Agency, ASTM International, and Environment Canada standard methods for conducting 42-d reproduction tests with Hyalella azteca in water or in sediment. Modifications to the H. azteca method include better-defined ionic composition requirements for exposure water (i.e., >15 mg/L of chloride and >0.02 mg/L of bromide) and improved survival, growth, and reproduction with alternate diets provided as increased rations over time in water-only or whole-sediment toxicity tests. A total of 24 laboratories volunteered to participate in the present interlaboratory study evaluating the performance of H. azteca in 42-d studies in control sand or control sediment using the refined methods. Improved growth and reproduction of H. azteca was observed with 2 alternate diets of 1) ramped diatoms (Thalassiosira weissflogii) + ramped Tetramin or 2) yeast–cerophyll–trout chow (YCT) + ramped Tetramin, especially when compared with results from the traditional diet of 1.8 mg YCT/d. Laboratories were able to meet proposed test acceptability criteria and in most cases had lower variation in growth or reproduction compared with previous interlaboratory studies using the traditional YCT diet. Laboratory success in conducting 42-d H. azteca exposures benefited from adherence to several key requirements of the detailed testing, culturing, and handling methods. Results from the present interlaboratory study are being used to help revise standard methods for conducting 10-d to 42-d water or sediment toxicity exposures with H. azteca.

More evidence of unpublished industry studies of lead smelter/refinery workers.

PubMed

Sullivan, Marianne

2015-01-01

Lead smelter/refinery workers in the US have had significant exposure to lead and are an important occupational group to study to understand the health effects of chronic lead exposure in adults. Recent research found evidence that studies of lead smelter/refinery workers have been conducted but not published. This paper presents further evidence for this contention. To present further evidence of industry conducted, unpublished epidemiologic studies of lead smelter/refinery workers and health outcomes. Historical research relying on primary sources such as internal industry documents and published studies. ASARCO smelter/refinery workers were studied in the early 1980s and found to have increased risk of lung cancer and stroke in one study, but not in another. Because occupational lead exposure is an on-going concern for US and overseas workers, all epidemiologic studies should be made available to evaluate and update occupational health and safety standards.

More evidence of unpublished industry studies of lead smelter/refinery workers

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Background Lead smelter/refinery workers in the US have had significant exposure to lead and are an important occupational group to study to understand the health effects of chronic lead exposure in adults. Recent research found evidence that studies of lead smelter/refinery workers have been conducted but not published. This paper presents further evidence for this contention. Objectives To present further evidence of industry conducted, unpublished epidemiologic studies of lead smelter/refinery workers and health outcomes. Methods Historical research relying on primary sources such as internal industry documents and published studies. Results ASARCO smelter/refinery workers were studied in the early 1980s and found to have increased risk of lung cancer and stroke in one study, but not in another. Conclusions Because occupational lead exposure is an on-going concern for US and overseas workers, all epidemiologic studies should be made available to evaluate and update occupational health and safety standards. PMID:26070220

The Constructivist Approach? I Have Heard about It but I Have Never Seen It: "An Example of Exploratory Sequential Mixed Design Study"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Polat, Ahmet; Dogan, Soner; Demir, Selçuk Besir

2016-01-01

The present study was undertaken to investigate the quality of education based on the views of the students attending social studies education departments at the Faculties of Education and to determine the existing problems and present suggestions for their solutions. The study was conducted according to exploratory sequential mixed method. In…

The Constructivist Approach? I Have Heard about It but I Have Never Seen It "An Example of Exploratory Sequential Mixed Design Study"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Polat, Ahmet; Dogan, Soner; Demir, Selçuk Besir

2016-01-01

The present study was undertaken to investigate the quality of education based on the views of the students attending social studies education departments at the Faculties of Education and to determine the existing problems and present suggestions for their solutions. The study was conducted according to exploratory sequential mixed method. In…

The Effect of Subliminal HELP Presentations on Learning a Text Editor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallace, F. Layne; And Others

1991-01-01

Discussion of subliminal stimuli focuses on a study of undergraduates that was conducted to determine the feasibility of presenting subliminal information in a passive manner to reinforce the learning process involved in computer-based text editing. The Texas Instruments microcomputers used in the study are described, and further research is…

[Typing and Shorthand in the Small High School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fedel, Joan; Starbuck, Ethel

Two studies conducted in the field of business education are presented in this report by the Colorado State Department of Education. In one study, individualized instruction procedures and individual work packets were developed for students in both first- and second-year typing. Descriptive statistics presented for the 2 groups over a 3-year…

The National SAT Validity Study: Sharing Results from Recent College Success Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Emily J.; McKenzie, Elizabeth

2010-01-01

[Slides] presented at the annual conference of the Southern Association for College Admission Counseling, April 2010. This presentation summarizes recent research from the national SAT Validity Study and includes information on the Admitted Class Evaluation Service (ACES) system and how ACES can help institutions conduct their own validity…

Computational Modeling and Experimental Studies on NO(x) Reduction Under Pulveerized Coal Combustion Conditions. Quarterly technical progress report, July 1 - September 30, 1997

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kumpaty, S.K.; Subramanian, K.; Darboe, A.

1997-12-31

Several experiments were conducted during this quarter to study the NO{sub x} reduction effectiveness of lignite coal, activated carbon and catalytic sites such as calcium sulfide and calcium carbide. While some of the coals/chemicals could be fed easily, some needed the mixing with silica gel to result in a uniform flow through the feeder. Several trial runs were performed to ensure proper feeding of the material before conducting the actual experiment to record NO{sub x} reduction. The experimental approach has been the same as presented in the past two quarterly reports with the coal reburning experiments. Partial reduction is achievedmore » through methane addition for SR2=0.95 conditions and then coal or the catalyst is introduced to see if there is further reduction. Presented below are the results of the experiments conducted during this quarter.« less

How Does the First Language Have an Influence on Language Learning? A Case Study in an English ESL Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romero, Yanilis; Manjarres, Milton Pájaro

2017-01-01

This article presents a case study which aims at analyzing the influence that the first language has on the learning of a foreign language. This research was conducted in an ESL classroom from a Language Center in England and was carried out with a Saudi Arabian student during a two-month period. In order to conduct this research, theoretical…

The Empirical Assessment of English for Specific Business Purpose (ESBP) among Export Development Bank of Iran (EDBI) Staff

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moazzen, Ahmad; Hashemi, Akram

2015-01-01

The present study has been conducted with the purpose of exploring the relationship between EDBI staff's General English proficiency and their technical English Writing as well as the way each ESBP and GE courses affect their writing skill. The kind of the study is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test, being conducted among EDBI staff in…

X-Ray Lithographic Research: A Collection of NRL Contributions.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-24

were studied threshold voltage I ( ,). conductance v,). conductance slope (slope of the k,, ,s gate , ,.oltage plot) and subthreshold swing factor (S...target interaction Resist Sensitivity which was sometimes present in the Technical Demonstration, would not be a factor in a dedi- cated laser system...representative irradiances are tabu- lated. Recent x-ray emission studies are cited, with commentary on the need for further mea- surement. Advances

Safety Training Evaluation: The Case of Construction Induction Training and the Impact on Work-Related Injuries in the Western Australian Construction Sector

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bahn, Susanne; Barratt-Pugh, Llandis

2014-01-01

This paper presents the findings of an evaluation of the mandatory Construction Induction Training initiative (CIT). The paper details a pilot study conducted in 2010 with the commercial construction sector and a subsequent study in 2011 of the housing and civil sectors conducting business in the metropolitan area of Perth and in regional Western…

Evaluation of atrial electromechanical conduction delay in case of hemodynamically insignificant rheumatic heart disease: A tissue Doppler study.

PubMed

Cagdas, Metin; Velibey, Yalcin; Guvenc, Tolga Sinan; Gungor, Baris; Guzelburc, Ozge; Calik, Nazmi; Ugur, Murat; Tekkesin, Ahmet Ilker; Gurkan, Kadir; Eren, Mehmet

2015-01-01

Atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) that reflects delayed conduction may show us the clinical reflection of pathological changes in the atria. The main objective of the present study is to investigate AEMD in patients who had previous rheumatic carditis but without hemodynamically significant valvular disease. A total of 40 patients, previously diagnosed as rheumatic carditis but without significant valvular stenosis/regurgitation and atrial enlargement; and 39 age- and-sex matched controls were enrolled for the present study. Parameters of AEMD (lateral mitral annulus electromechanical delay, septal mitral annulus electromechanical delay and lateral tricuspid annulus electromechanical delay) were measured with tissue Doppler echocardiography and left intra-atrial and inter-atrial conduction times were calculated accordingly. A 24h ambulatory Holter monitoring was used in both groups to detect atrial fibrillation episodes and quantify atrial extrasystoles. Parameters of AEMD, including left intra-atrial and inter-atrial conduction times of subjects in the study group were longer compared to the control group (23.7 ± 7.0 vs. 18.3 ± 6.2). Increased AEMD is observed in patients with previous rheumatic carditis and no significant valvular stenosis/regurgitation and atrial enlargement, which may partly explain the increased incidence of atrial fibrillation observed in these patients.

Magneto-hydrodynamics of coupled fluid-sheet interface with mass suction and blowing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmad, R.

2016-01-01

There are large number of studies which prescribe the kinematics of the sheet and ignore the sheet's mechanics. However, the current boundary layer analysis investigates the mechanics of both the electrically conducting fluid and a permeable sheet, which makes it distinct from the other studies in the literature. One of the objectives of the current study is to (i) examine the behaviour of magnetic field effect for both the surface and the electrically conducting fluid (ii) investigate the heat and mass transfer between a permeable sheet and the surrounding electrically conducting fluid across the hydro, thermal and mass boundary layers. Self-similar solutions are obtained by considering the RK45 technique. Analytical solution is also found for the stretching sheet case. The skin friction dual solutions are presented for various types of sheet. The influence of pertinent parameters on the dimensionless velocity, shear stress, temperature, mass concentration, heat and mass transfer rates on the fluid-sheet interface is presented graphically as well as numerically. The obtained results are of potential benefit for studying the electrically conducting flow over various soft surfaces such as synthetic plastics, soft silicone sheet and soft synthetic rubber sheet. These surfaces are easily deformed by thermal fluctuations or thermal stresses.

Informatics Education in Different Disciplines at University Level: Case Study--A Survey of Students' Attitude toward Informatics Technologies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tingoy, Ozhan; Gulluoglu, Sabri Serkan

2011-01-01

This article presents a quantitative study on attitudes toward the usage of Information Technology related tools and applications. The study was conducted at a private university, Turkey, with 97 female and 113 male students involved as participants. They were each presented with a questionnaire to relate their attitudes toward IT and after…

A Study of the Effect of Color in Memory Retention When Used in Presentation Software.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McConnohie, Bruce Vernon

A study of the effects of color as used in presentation software on short-range (immediately following treatment) and long-range (one hour following treatment) memory retention was conducted. Previous studies have concentrated on color as cueing or coding mechanisms primarily in print media and have not explored the effect of individual colors as…

The Planning of Teaching in the Context of Lesson Study: Research Findings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kanellopoulou, Eurydice-Maria; Darra, Maria

2018-01-01

The main purpose of the present study is to examine the attitudes, perceptions and experiences of the teachers participating in the planning of teaching in the context of the Lesson Study. The present work, which is part of a wider research effort, followed a mixed methodological planning for reasons of triangulation. The survey was conducted from…

Towards a Better Investment of University Students in Light of the Twentieth Century Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Al-Nabrawi, Ismael; Jdaitawi, Malek; Talafha, Feras

2015-01-01

Present study has been conducted with the purpose of impact of university skills training on students psycho-social and cognitive skills of males' students in preparatory year deanship in university of Dammam in 2014/2015. The present study is quasi-experimental pre-post-test design was used with control group. The study sample was 150 subjects…

Knowledge and awareness of the Consumer Protection Act among dental professionals in India: A systematic review.

PubMed

Singh, Gurminder; Gambhir, Ramandeep Singh; Singh, Simarpreet; Talwar, Puneet Singh; Munjal, Vaibhav

2014-07-01

The medical profession has been included in the Consumer Protection Act (CPA), to protect the interests of the patients in case of any unethical treatment rendered by the doctor. The present systematic review was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness of CPA among dental professionals in India. A systematic review of relevant cross-sectional observational studies was conducted regarding the level of knowledge and awareness of CPA among dental professionals in India. Five studies out of 44 were finally included in the present review, after conducting both an electronic and manual search of scientific databases. The potential biases were reported and appropriate data was extracted by the concerned investigators. More than 90% of the study subjects in one of the studies were aware of the CPA, as compared to other studies. In two studies, when queried about the correct time period during which a patient can sue a doctor, very few subjects (18 and 23.2%) answered correctly. Almost 90% of the subjects were taking some form of consent in one of the studies. Private practitioners had more awareness as compared to academicians and combined practitioners. The results of the present review showed that a majority of the subjects were aware of the existence of CPA, but knowledge about the basic rules and regulations was lacking in a few studies. Therefore, dental professionals need to keep themselves updated on the various rules and latest amendments to save themselves from any litigation.

Leaf hydraulic conductance, measured in situ, declines and recovers daily: leaf hydraulics, water potential and stomatal conductance in four temperate and three tropical tree species

Treesearch

Daniel M. Johnson; David R. Woodruff; Katherien A. McCulloh; Frederick C. Meinzer

2009-01-01

The objectives of this study were to measure Kleaf, using a rehydration kinetics method, (1) in the laboratory (under controlled conditions) across a range of water potentials to construct vulnerability curves (VC) and (2) over the course of the day in the field along with leaf water potential and stomatal conductance. The results presented here...

Facile Synthesis of Conductive Polypyrrole Wrinkle Topographies on Polydimethylsiloxane via a Swelling-Deswelling Process and Their Potential Uses in Tissue Engineering.

PubMed

Aufan, M Rifqi; Sumi, Yang; Kim, Semin; Lee, Jae Young

2015-10-28

Electrically conducting biomaterials have gained great attention in various biomedical studies especially to influence cell and tissue responses. In addition, wrinkling can present a unique topography that can modulate cell-material interactions. In this study, we developed a simple method to create wrinkle topographies of conductive polypyrrole (wPPy) on soft polydimethylsiloxane surfaces via a swelling-deswelling process during and after PPy polymerization and by varying the thickness of the PPy top layers. As a result, various features of wPPy in the range of the nano- and microscales were successfully obtained. In vitro cell culture studies with NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and PC12 neuronal cells indicated that the conductive wrinkle topographies promote cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Our studies help to elucidate the design of the surface coating and patterning of conducting polymers, which will enable us to simultaneously provide topographical and electrical signals to improve cell-surface interactions for potential tissue-engineering applications.

The state of web-based research: A survey and call for inclusion in curricula.

PubMed

Krantz, John H; Reips, Ulf-Dietrich

2017-10-01

The first papers that reported on conducting psychological research on the web were presented at the Society for Computers in Psychology conference 20 years ago, in 1996. Since that time, there has been an explosive increase in the number of studies that use the web for data collection. As such, it seems a good time, 20 years on, to examine the health and adoption of sound practices of research on the web. The number of studies conducted online has increased dramatically. Overall, it seems that the web can be a method for conducting valid psychological studies. However, it is less clear that students and researchers are aware of the nature of web research. While many studies are well conducted, there is also a certain laxness appearing regarding the design and conduct of online studies. This laxness appears both anecdotally to the authors as managers of large sites for posting links to online studies, and in a survey of current researchers. One of the deficiencies discovered is that there is no coherent approach to educating researchers as to the unique features of web research.

Travel Efficiency Assessment Method: Three Case Studies

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This slide presentation summarizes three case studies EPA conducted in partnership with Boston, Kansas City, and Tucson, to assess the potential benefits of employing travel efficiency strategies in these areas.

Outcomes of childhood conduct problem trajectories in early adulthood: findings from the ALSPAC study.

PubMed

Kretschmer, Tina; Hickman, Matthew; Doerner, Rita; Emond, Alan; Lewis, Glyn; Macleod, John; Maughan, Barbara; Munafò, Marcus R; Heron, Jon

2014-07-01

Although conduct problems in childhood are stably associated with problem outcomes, not every child who presents with conduct problems is at risk. This study extends previous studies by testing whether childhood conduct problem trajectories are predictive of a wide range of other health and behavior problems in early adulthood using a general population sample. Based on 7,218 individuals from the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children, a three-step approach was used to model childhood conduct problem development and identify differences in early adult health and behavior problems. Childhood conduct problems were assessed on six occasions between age 4 and 13 and health and behavior outcomes were measured at age 18. Individuals who displayed early-onset persistent conduct problems throughout childhood were at greater risk for almost all forms of later problems. Individuals on the adolescent-onset conduct problem path consumed more tobacco and illegal drugs and engaged more often in risky sexual behavior than individuals without childhood conduct problems. Levels of health and behavior problems for individuals on the childhood-limited path were in between those for stable low and stable high trajectories. Childhood conduct problems are pervasive and substantially affect adjustment in early adulthood both in at-risk samples as shown in previous studies, but also in a general population sample. Knowing a child's developmental course can help to evaluate the risk for later maladjustment and be indicative of the need for early intervention.

High pressure induced crossover between metal and insulator conductivity type in low dimensionality electron systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dizhur, E.; Voronovskii, A.; Kostyleva, I.; Kotel'nikov, I.; Zaitsev-Zotov, S.

2011-12-01

We report the results of our recent experimental studies concerned with electron systems of lower dimensionality the conductivity of which may be toggled between metallic and insulating regime appliing high pressure. The objects under present study include: a) tunneling through Shottky barrier into two-dimension (2D) electron system formed in the δ-doped layer in GaAs under hydrostatic pressure up to 3 GPa in a cylinder-piston cell; b) quasi-one-dimension (1D) `insulator' crystals NbS3 which obtain metallic conductivity type at pressures above 5.5 GPa in `toroid' anvils.

Current distribution in conducting nanowire networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Ankush; Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.; Kulkarni, Giridhar U.

2017-07-01

Conducting nanowire networks find diverse applications in solar cells, touch-screens, transparent heaters, sensors, and various related transparent conducting electrode (TCE) devices. The performances of these devices depend on effective resistance, transmittance, and local current distribution in these networks. Although, there have been rigorous studies addressing resistance and transmittance in TCE, not much attention is paid on studying the distribution of current. Present work addresses this compelling issue of understanding current distribution in TCE networks using analytical as well as Monte-Carlo approaches. We quantified the current carrying backbone region against isolated and dangling regions as a function of wire density (ranging from percolation threshold to many multiples of threshold) and compared the wired connectivity with those obtained from template-based methods. Further, the current distribution in the obtained backbone is studied using Kirchhoff's law, which reveals that a significant fraction of the backbone (which is believed to be an active current component) may not be active for end-to-end current transport due to the formation of intervening circular loops. The study shows that conducting wire based networks possess hot spots (extremely high current carrying regions) which can be potential sources of failure. The fraction of these hot spots is found to decrease with increase in wire density, while they are completely absent in template based networks. Thus, the present work discusses unexplored issues related to current distribution in conducting networks, which are necessary to choose the optimum network for best TCE applications.

The Challenges to and the Need for International Research in Educational Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Melanie Carol; Jean-Marie, Gaetane

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is twofold: to discuss methodological challenges facing US scholars when conducting international research; and to present personal reflections as educational leadership faculty in the USA conducting and publishing on research undertaken in Haiti and Thailand. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study drew from…

Ethics in Engineering: Student Perceptions and Their Professional Identity Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stappenbelt, Brad

2013-01-01

Professional ethics instruction in engineering is commonly conducted by examining case studies in light of the code of conduct of a suitable professional body. Although graphical presentations of spectacular failures, sobering stories of the repercussions and the solid framework provided by the tenets of a code of ethics may leave a lasting…

A Typology of Instructors in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nazarova, Inna Borisovna

2008-01-01

In the present article, the relevant and little-studied issue of the typology of instructors in institutions of higher learning is examined using the example of educators conducting the cycle of economic disciplines. In 2003 and 2004 a survey was conducted of the corps of instructors in fourteen higher educational institutions of four cities…

Functional Analysis in Public Schools: A Summary of 90 Functional Analyses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mueller, Michael M.; Nkosi, Ajamu; Hine, Jeffrey F.

2011-01-01

Several review and epidemiological studies have been conducted over recent years to inform behavior analysts of functional analysis outcomes. None to date have closely examined demographic and clinical data for functional analyses conducted exclusively in public school settings. The current paper presents a data-based summary of 90 functional…

2012 Corporate Recruiters Survey. Survey Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Estrada, Rebecca

2012-01-01

This paper presents the results from the 2012 Corporate Recruiters Survey conducted by the Graduate Management Admission Council[R] (GMAC[R]). Conducted annually since 2001, this survey examines the job outlook for recent graduate business students as well as employer needs and expectations. The objectives of this study are to obtain a picture of…

Arousal Modulation in Females with Fragile X or Turner Syndrome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Jane; Mazzocco, Michele M. M.; Murphy, Melissa M.; Hoehn-Saric, Rudolf

2008-01-01

The present study was carried out to examine physiological arousal modulation (heart activity and skin conductance), across baseline and cognitive tasks, in females with fragile X or Turner syndrome and a comparison group of females with neither syndrome. Relative to the comparison group, for whom a greater increase in skin conductance was…

Professional Learning to Nurture Adaptive Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Kar-Tin

2013-01-01

This paper presents the findings of a study conducted in China to identify the potential benefits of incorporating robotics as an educational tool for 100 primary and 320 secondary school teachers of general technology. The Professional Learning Program was conducted from 2010-2013 in China. The major focus of the program was on the development…

Size Matters: Increased Grey Matter in Boys with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Brito, Stephane A.; Mechelli, Andrea; Wilke, Marko; Laurens, Kristin R.; Jones, Alice P.; Barker, Gareth J.; Hodgins, Sheilagh; Viding, Essi

2009-01-01

Brain imaging studies of adults with psychopathy have identified structural and functional abnormalities in limbic and prefrontal regions that are involved in emotion recognition, decision-making, morality and empathy. Among children with conduct problems, a small subgroup presents callous-unemotional traits thought to be antecedents of…

Study on Unit Cell Models and the Effective Thermal Conductivities of Silica Aerogel.

PubMed

Liu, He; Li, Zeng-Yao; Zhao, Xin-Peng; Tao, Wen-Quan

2015-04-01

In this paper, two modified unit cell models, truncated octahedron and cubic array of intersecting square rods with 45-degree rotation, are developed in consideration of the tortuous path of heat conduction in solid skeleton of silica aerogel. The heat conduction is analyzed for each model and the expressions of effective thermal conductivity of the modified unit cell models are derived. Considering the random microstructure of silica aerogel, the probability model is presented. We also discuss the effect of the thermal conductivity of aerogel backbone. The effective thermal conductivities calculated by the proposed probability model are in good agreement with available experimental data when the density of the aerogel is 110 kg/m3.

Studies of the air plasma spraying of zirconia powder

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Varacalle, D.J. Jr.; Wilson, G.C.; Crawmer, D.E.

As part of an investigation of the dynamics that occur in the air plasma spray process, an experimental and analytical study has been accomplished for the deposition of yttria-stabilized zirconia powder using argon-hydrogen and argon-helium working gases. Numerical models of the plasma dynamics and the related plasma-particle interaction are presented. The analytical studies were conducted to determine the parameter space for the empirical studies. Experiments were then conducted using a Box statistical design-of-experiment approach. A substantial range of plasma processing conditions and their effect on the resultant coating is presented. The coatings were characterized by hardness tests and optical metallographymore » (i.e., image analysis). Coating qualities are discussed with respect to hardness, porosity, surface roughness, deposition efficiency, and microstructure. Attributes of the coatings are correlated with the changes in operating parameters. An optimized coating design predicted by the SDE analysis and verified by the calculations is also presented.« less

Bioelectrical Impedance and The Frequency Dependent Current Conduction Through Biological Tissues: A Short Review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kanti Bera, Tushar

2018-03-01

Biological tissues are developed with biological cells which exhibit complex electrical impedance called electrical bioimpedance. Under an alternating electrical excitation the bioimpedance varies with the tissue anatomy, composition and the signal frequency. The current penetration and conduction paths vary with frequency of the applied signal. Bioimpedance spectroscopy is used to study the frequency response of the electrical impedance of biological materials noninvasively. In bioimpedance spectroscopy, a low amplitude electrical signal is injected to the tissue sample or body parts to characterization the sample in terms of its bioimpedance. The electrical current conduction phenomena, which is highly influenced by the tissue impedance and the signal frequency, is an important phenomena which should be studied to understand the bioimpedance techniques like bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), EIS, or else. In this paper the origin of bioelectrical impedance and current conduction phenomena has been reviewed to present a brief summary of bioelectrical impedance and the frequency dependent current conduction through biological tissues. Simulation studies are conducted with alternation current injection through a two dimensional model of biological tissues containing finite number of biological cells suspended in extracellular fluid. The paper demonstrates the simulation of alternating current conduction through biological tissues conducted by COMSOL Multiphysics. Simulation studies also show the frequency response of the tissue impedance for different tissue compositions.

Cost-effectiveness study comparing cefoperazone-sulbactam to a three-drug combination for treating intraabdominal infections in an Indian health-care setting.

PubMed

Kochhar, Puja; Suvarna, Viraj; Duttagupta, Sandeep; Sarkar, Shirsendu

2008-03-01

This article presents the methodology and results of the pharmacoeconomic analysis of the Magnex Against Standard COmbination Therapy study comparing cefoperazone-sulbactam (Magnex) versus ceftazidime+ amikacin+metronidazole, in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections. This prospective, open label, phase IV study was conducted at 17 study sites in India and randomized subjects to receive either cefoperazone-sulbactam or the combination. Pharmacoeconomic analysis was included as a secondary objective and conducted in the clinical efficacy-evaluable (CEE) and the successfully treated patients. All comparisons between treatment groups were conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Wilcoxon Two-Sample tests. All costs were reported as Indian Rupee (INR) and actual unit costs collected in 2006 were used for the analyses [1 USD approximately 40 INR; 1 Euro approximately 56 INR]. In the CEE and the successfully treated subset of patients, the average cost of treatment was numerically lower in the cefoperazone-sulbactam arm (not statistically significant). The analyses found that the cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) for cefoperazone-sulbactam was INR 17,640.53 and that for the comparator group was INR 22,075.16. Additionally, the incremental CER results showed that the cost of treatment was INR 21,505.59 lower per additional successfully treated patient in the cefoperazone-sulbactam group. The present study was the first of its kind to be conducted in the "price sensitive" Indian health-care setting. Though study was not powered for the difference in average cost of treatments, there was a trend favoring cefoperazone sulbactam. The findings from this study should encourage further conduct of similar analyses and increase the knowledge regarding pharmacoeconomics in India.

Topological phase transitions and quantum Hall effect in the graphene family

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ledwith, Patrick John; Kort-Kamp, Wilton Junior de Melo; Dalvit, Diego Alejandro Roberto

Monolayer staggered materials of the graphene family present intrinsic spin-orbit coupling and can be driven through several topological phase transitions using external circularly polarized lasers and static electric or magnetic fields. We show how topological features arising from photoinduced phase transitions and the magnetic-field-induced quantum Hall effect coexist in these materials and simultaneously impact their Hall conductivity through their corresponding charge Chern numbers. We also show that the spectral response of the longitudinal conductivity contains signatures of the various phase-transition boundaries, that the transverse conductivity encodes information about the topology of the band structure, and that both present resonant peaksmore » which can be unequivocally associated with one of the four inequivalent Dirac cones present in these materials. As a result, this complex optoelectronic response can be probed with straightforward Faraday rotation experiments, allowing the study of the crossroads between quantum Hall physics, spintronics, and valleytronics.« less

Topological phase transitions and quantum Hall effect in the graphene family

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ledwith, P.; Kort-Kamp, W. J. M.; Dalvit, D. A. R.

2018-04-01

Monolayer staggered materials of the graphene family present intrinsic spin-orbit coupling and can be driven through several topological phase transitions using external circularly polarized lasers and static electric or magnetic fields. We show how topological features arising from photoinduced phase transitions and the magnetic-field-induced quantum Hall effect coexist in these materials and simultaneously impact their Hall conductivity through their corresponding charge Chern numbers. We also show that the spectral response of the longitudinal conductivity contains signatures of the various phase-transition boundaries, that the transverse conductivity encodes information about the topology of the band structure, and that both present resonant peaks which can be unequivocally associated with one of the four inequivalent Dirac cones present in these materials. This complex optoelectronic response can be probed with straightforward Faraday rotation experiments, allowing the study of the crossroads between quantum Hall physics, spintronics, and valleytronics.

Topological phase transitions and quantum Hall effect in the graphene family

DOE PAGES

Ledwith, Patrick John; Kort-Kamp, Wilton Junior de Melo; Dalvit, Diego Alejandro Roberto

2018-04-15

Monolayer staggered materials of the graphene family present intrinsic spin-orbit coupling and can be driven through several topological phase transitions using external circularly polarized lasers and static electric or magnetic fields. We show how topological features arising from photoinduced phase transitions and the magnetic-field-induced quantum Hall effect coexist in these materials and simultaneously impact their Hall conductivity through their corresponding charge Chern numbers. We also show that the spectral response of the longitudinal conductivity contains signatures of the various phase-transition boundaries, that the transverse conductivity encodes information about the topology of the band structure, and that both present resonant peaksmore » which can be unequivocally associated with one of the four inequivalent Dirac cones present in these materials. As a result, this complex optoelectronic response can be probed with straightforward Faraday rotation experiments, allowing the study of the crossroads between quantum Hall physics, spintronics, and valleytronics.« less

Electronic structure of p-type transparent conducting oxide CuAlO2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mo, Sung-Kwan; Yoon, Joonseok; Liu, Xiaosong; Yang, Wanli; Mun, Bongjin; Ju, Honglyoul

2014-03-01

CuAlO2 is a prototypical p-type transparent conducting oxide. Despite its importance for potential applications and number of studies on its band structure and gap characteristics, experimental study on the momentum-resolved electronic structure has been lacking. We present angle-resolved photoemission data on single crystalline CuAlO2 using synchrotron light source to reveal complete band structure. Complemented by the x-ray absorption and emission spectra, we also study band gap characteristics and compare them with theory.

Recovery of Ventriculo-Atrial Conduction after Adrenaline in Patients Implanted with Pacemakers.

PubMed

Cismaru, Gabriel; Gusetu, Gabriel; Muresan, Lucian; Rosu, Radu; Andronache, Marius; Matuz, Roxana; Puiu, Mihai; Mester, Petru; Miclaus, Maria; Pop, Dana; Mircea, Petru Adrian; Zdrenghea, Dumitru

2015-07-01

Ventriculo-atrial (VA) conduction can have negative consequences for patients with implanted pacemakers and defibrillators. There is concern whether impaired VA conduction could recover during stressful situations. Although the influence of isoproterenol and atropine are well established, the effect of adrenaline has not been studied systematically. The objective of this study was to determine if adrenaline can facilitate recovery of VA conduction in patients implanted with pacemakers. A prospective study was conducted on 61 consecutive patients during a 4-month period (April-July 2014). The presence of VA conduction was assessed during the pacemaker implantation procedure. In case of an impaired VA conduction, adrenaline infusio was used as a stress surrogate to test conduction recovery. The indications for pacemaker implantation were: sinus node dysfunction in 18 patients, atrioventricular (AV) block in 40 patients, binodal dysfunction (sinus node+ AV node) in two patients and other (carotid sinus syndrome) in one patient. In the basal state, 15/61 (24.6%) presented spontaneous VA conduction and 46/61 (75.4%) had no VA conduction. After administration of adrenaline, there was VA conduction recovery in 5/46 (10.9%) patients. Adrenaline infusion produced recovery of VA conduction in 10.9% of patients with absent VA conduction in a basal state. Recovery of VA conduction during physiological or pathological stresses could be responsible for the pacemaker syndrome, PMT episodes, or certain implantable cardiac defibrillator detection issues. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Evaluation of hydrothermal resources of North Dakota. Phase II. Final technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Harris, K.L.; Howell, F.L.; Winczewski, L.M.

1981-06-01

This evaluation of the hydrothermal resources of North Dakota is based on existing data on file with the North Dakota Geological Survey (NDGS) and other state and federal agencies, and field and laboratory studies conducted. The principal sources of data used during the Phase II study were WELLFILE, the computer library of oil and gas well data developed during the Phase I study, and WATERCAT, a computer library system of water well data assembled during the Phase II study. A field survey of the shallow geothermal gradients present in selected groundwater observation holes was conducted. Laboratory determinations of the thermalmore » conductivity of core samples is being done to facilitate heat-flow calculations on those hole-of-convenience cased.« less

Using the technique of computed tomography for nondestructive analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Oliveira, José Martins, Jr.; Mangini, F. Salvador; Carvalho Vila, Marta Maria Duarte; ViníciusChaud, Marco

2013-05-01

This work presents an alternative and non-conventional technique for evaluatingof physic-chemical properties of pharmaceutical dosage forms, i.e. we used computed tomography (CT) technique as a nondestructive technique to visualize internal structures of pharmaceuticals dosage forms and to conduct static and dynamical studies. The studies were conducted involving static and dynamic situations through the use of tomographic images, generated by the scanner at University of Sorocaba - Uniso. We have shown that through the use of tomographic images it is possible to conduct studies of porosity, densities, analysis of morphological parameters and performing studies of dissolution. Our results are in agreement with the literature, showing that CT is a powerful tool for use in the pharmaceutical sciences.

Axiomatic Evaluation Method and Content Structure for Information Appliances

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guo, Yinni

2010-01-01

Extensive studies have been conducted to determine how best to present information in order to enhance usability, but not what information is needed to be presented for effective decision making. Hence, this dissertation addresses the factor structure of the nature of information needed for presentation and proposes a more effective method than…

Laboratory study on subgrade soil stabilization using RBI grade 81

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cynthia, J. Bernadette; Kamalambikai, B.; Prasanna Kumar, R.; Dharini, K.

2017-07-01

The present study investigates the effect of reinforcing the sub grade soils with RBI 81 material. A soil nearby was collected and preliminary tests were conducted to classify the soil and it was found from the results that the sample collected was a poorly graded clay. Subsequently Tests such as Proctor Compaction, CBR, and UCC were conducted to study the various engineering properties of the identified soil. In addition to the above tests were also conducted on the soil by reinforcing with varying percentages of RBI 81. From the analysis of test results it was found that this material (RBI 81) will significantly improve the CBR value of the soil.

Modelling and Characterization of Effective Thermal Conductivity of Single Hollow Glass Microsphere and Its Powder.

PubMed

Liu, Bing; Wang, Hui; Qin, Qing-Hua

2018-01-14

Tiny hollow glass microsphere (HGM) can be applied for designing new light-weighted and thermal-insulated composites as high strength core, owing to its hollow structure. However, little work has been found for studying its own overall thermal conductivity independent of any matrix, which generally cannot be measured or evaluated directly. In this study, the overall thermal conductivity of HGM is investigated experimentally and numerically. The experimental investigation of thermal conductivity of HGM powder is performed by the transient plane source (TPS) technique to provide a reference to numerical results, which are obtained by a developed three-dimensional two-step hierarchical computational method. In the present method, three heterogeneous HGM stacking elements representing different distributions of HGMs in the powder are assumed. Each stacking element and its equivalent homogeneous solid counterpart are, respectively, embedded into a fictitious matrix material as fillers to form two equivalent composite systems at different levels, and then the overall thermal conductivity of each stacking element can be numerically determined through the equivalence of the two systems. The comparison of experimental and computational results indicates the present computational modeling can be used for effectively predicting the overall thermal conductivity of single HGM and its powder in a flexible way. Besides, it is necessary to note that the influence of thermal interfacial resistance cannot be removed from the experimental results in the TPS measurement.

Unhealthy sleep practices, conduct problems, and daytime functioning during adolescence.

PubMed

Lin, Wen-Hsu; Yi, Chin-Chun

2015-02-01

Although sleep has been linked to activities in various domains of life, one under-studied link is the relationship between unhealthy sleep practices and conduct problems among adolescents. The present study investigates the influence of adolescents' unhealthy sleep practices-short sleep (e.g., less than 6 h a day), inconsistent sleep schedule (e.g., social jetlag), and sleep problems-on conduct problems (e.g., substance use, fighting, and skipping class). In addition, this study examines unhealthy sleep practices in relationship to adolescent emotional well-being, defiant attitudes, and academic performance, as well as these three domains as possible mediators of the longitudinal association between sleep practices and conduct problems. Three waves of the Taiwan Youth Project (n = 2,472) were used in this study. At the first time-point examined in this study, youth (51% male) were aged 13-17 (M = 13.3). The results indicated that all three measures of unhealthy sleep practices were related to conduct problems, such that short sleep, greater social jetlag, and more serious sleep problems were concurrently associated with greater conduct problems. In addition, short sleep and sleep problems predicted conduct problems one year later. Furthermore, these three unhealthy sleep practices were differently related to poor academic performance, low levels of emotional well-being, and defiant attitudes, and some significant indirect effects on later conduct problems through these three attributes were found. Cultural differences and suggestions for prevention are discussed.

Electrical and dielectric properties of PVdF-HFP - PMMA - (PC + DEC)- LiClO4 based gel polymer electrolyte

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gohel, Khushbu; Kanchan, D. K.; Maheshwaran, C.

2018-04-01

In the present paper, AC impedance studies have been measured to evaluate ion conduction behavior of (PVdF-HFP - PMMA) + (PC-DEC) + LiClO4 gel polymer electrolyte system prepared by solution casting method. Structural characterization and morphology has been carried out using XRD and SEM respectively. The AC conductivity and dielectric permittivity, electric modulus and relaxation mechanism have been studied. The variation of ac conductivity with frequency obeys Jonscher power law. Maximum value of dielectric constant ɛ' in the lower frequency region has been observed for the gel polymer electrolyte containing 7.5 wt% LiClO4. The highest conducting sample shows the shortest relaxation time.

Influence of Cooling Hole Geometry and Material Conductivity on the Thermal Response of Cooled Silicon Nitride Plate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abdul-Aziz, Ali; Bhatt, Ramakrishna T.; Girgis, Morris

2002-01-01

To complement the effectiveness of ceramic materials and the applicability to turbine engine applications, a parametric study using the finite element method was carried out. This study conducted thorough analyses of a thermal-barrier-coated silicon nitride (Si3N4) plate specimen with cooling channels, where its thermal conductivity was verified in an attempt to minimize the thermal stresses and reach an optimal rate of stress. The thermal stress profile was generated for specimens with circular and square cooling channels. Lower stresses were reported for a higher magnitude of thermal conductivity and in particular for the circular cooling channel arrangement. Contour plots for the stresses and the temperature are presented and discussed.

Concentration Dependent Electrical Transport Properties of Ni-Cr Binary Alloys

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suthar, P. H.; Khambholja, S. G.; Thakore, B. Y.; Gajjar, P. N.; Jani, A. R.

2011-07-01

The concentration dependent electrical transport properties viz. electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of liquid Ni-Cr alloys are computed at 1400 K temperature. The electrical resistivity has been studied according to Faber-Ziman model in wide range of Cr concentration. In the present work, the electron-ion interaction is incorporated through our well tested local model potential with screening function due to Sarkar et al.. [S] along with the Hartree [H] dielectric function. Good agreement is achieved between the presently calculated results of resistivity as well as thermal conductivity with the experimental data found in the literature, confirming the applicability of model potential and Faber-Ziman model for such a study.

Wind tunnel experiments to study chaparral crown fires

Treesearch

Jeanette Cobian-Iñiguez; AmirHessam Aminfar; Joey Chong; Gloria Burke; Albertina Zuniga; David R. Weise; Marko Princevac

2017-01-01

The present protocol presents a laboratory technique designed to study chaparral crown fire ignition and spread. Experiments were conducted in a low velocity fire wind tunnel where two distinct layers of fuel were constructed to represent surface and crown fuels in chaparral. Chamise, a common chaparral shrub, comprised the live crown layer. The dead fuel surface layer...

The Development of Education in Venezuela. Bulletin, 1963, No. 7. OE-14086

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, George I.

1963-01-01

The present study is one of the regular series of Office of Education bulletins presenting salient features and analysis of the educational systems of other countries. Such studies in the field of comparative education are designed to serve educators, educational institutions and organizations concerned with the planning and conduct of programs in…

Understanding Bullying and Victimization during Childhood and Adolescence: A Mixed Methods Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guerra, Nancy G.; Williams, Kirk R.; Sadek, Shelly

2011-01-01

In the present study, quantitative and qualitative data are presented to examine individual and contextual predictors of bullying and victimization and how they vary by age and gender. Two waves of survey data were collected from 2,678 elementary, middle, and high school youth attending 59 schools. In addition, 14 focus groups were conducted with…

Development of Methods for Sampling and Analysis of Particulate and Gaseous Fluorides from Stationary Sources.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, E. T.; And Others

A study was conducted which has resulted in the development of tentative sampling and analysis of fluorides emitted from various stationary sources. The study was directed toward developing and understanding the kinds of species which are present in each source emission. The report presents the following information: review of the various unit…

Meeting Threshold Learning Standards through Self-Management in Group Oral Presentations: Observations on Accounting Postgraduate Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shauki, Elvia R.; Benzie, Helen

2017-01-01

This study explores the development of student self-management skills through an oral presentation task. It is motivated by the challenge to maintain consistent quality in students' oral skills and to incorporate national accounting curriculum requirements for threshold learning standards into an accounting subject. The study has been conducted in…

Incivility between Students and Faculty in an Israeli College: A Description of the Phenomenon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yassour-Borochowitz, Dalit; Desivillia, Helena

2016-01-01

Incivility in the classroom is offensive, intimidating, or hostile behavior that interferes with students' ability to learn and instructors' ability to teach. The present study examined incivility in faculty-student relations and presents the findings of a survey conducted in an academic college in Israel. The study was designed to examine three…

A Comparison of the Connotative Meaning of Visuals Presented Singly and in Simultaneous and Sequential Juxtapositions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noland, Mildred Jean

A study was conducted investigating whether a sequence of visuals presented in a serial manner differs in connotative meaning from the same set of visuals presented simultaneously. How the meanings of pairs of shots relate to their constituent visuals was also explored. Sixteen pairs of visuals were presented to both male and female subjects in…

Three-Dimensional Flow of an Oldroyd-B Fluid with Variable Thermal Conductivity and Heat Generation/Absorption

PubMed Central

Shehzad, Sabir Ali; Alsaedi, Ahmed; Hayat, Tasawar; Alhuthali, M. Shahab

2013-01-01

This paper looks at the series solutions of three dimensional boundary layer flow. An Oldroyd-B fluid with variable thermal conductivity is considered. The flow is induced due to stretching of a surface. Analysis has been carried out in the presence of heat generation/absorption. Homotopy analysis is implemented in developing the series solutions to the governing flow and energy equations. Graphs are presented and discussed for various parameters of interest. Comparison of present study with the existing limiting solution is shown and examined. PMID:24223780

Sensory nerves are frequently involved in the spectrum of fisher syndrome.

PubMed

Shahrizaila, Nortina; Goh, Khean J; Kokubun, Norito; Tan, Ai H; Tan, Cheng Y; Yuki, Nobuhiro

2014-04-01

Differing patterns of neurophysiological abnormalities have been reported in patients with Fisher syndrome. Fisher syndrome is rare, and few series have incorporated prospective serial studies to define the natural history of nerve conduction studies in Guillain-Barré syndrome. In an ongoing prospective study of Guillain-Barré syndrome patients, patients who presented with Fisher syndrome and its spectrum of illness were assessed through serial neurological examinations, nerve conduction studies, and serological testing of IgG against gangliosides and ganglioside complexes. Of the 36 Guillain-Barré syndrome patients identified within 2 years, 17 had features of Fisher syndrome. Serial nerve conduction studies detected significant abnormalities in sensory nerve action potential amplitude in 94% of patients associated with 2 patterns of recovery-non-demyelinating reversible distal conduction failure and axonal regeneration. Similar changes were seen in motor nerves of 5 patients. Patients with the Fisher syndrome spectrum of illness have significant sensory involvement, which may only be evident with serial neurophysiological studies. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Atrial electromechanical conduction delay in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope.

PubMed

Sucu, Murat; Ercan, Suleyman; Uku, Okkes; Davutoglu, Vedat; Altunbas, Gokhan

2014-05-01

We aimed to investigate the presence of atrial electromechanical conduction delay in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope, which was diagnosed with head-up tilt table test (HUTT). A total of 29 patients (mean age: 30.6 ± 15.9 years) with vasovagal syncope, as diagnosed by HUTT, and 23 healthy control subjects (mean age: 34.7 ± 16.3 years) with a negative HUTT were enrolled to the study. Atrial electromechanical conduction delay was defined as the time elapsed from the beginning of the P wave in the electrogardiogram to the beginning of the Am wave in tissue Doppler. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of interatrial conduction delay, whereas the difference was significant with regard to the right intraatrial electromechanical conduction delay (P < 0.01) and the left intraatrial electromechanical conduction delay (P < 0.0001). There was a negative correlation between the left intraatrial electromechanical conduction delay and the right intraatrial electromechanical conduction delay (r = -0.486, P = 0.001), whereas a positive correlation was present with the interatrial electromechanical conduction delay (r = 0.507, P = 0.001). In this study, the tissue Doppler method revealed that there is left and right intraatrial electromechanical conduction delay in patients with vasovagal syncope. The impact and role of atrial conduction delay as a pathophysiological determinant should be confirmed in further studies. ©2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

System access control study

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-06-01

The report presents a summary of a study conducted for the Transportation Systems Center of promising access control techniques which are applicable to an aeronautical satellite system. Several frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and time divis...

Temperature and frequency response of conductivity in Ag2S doped chalcogenide glassy semiconductor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ojha, Swarupa; Das, Anindya Sundar; Roy, Madhab; Bhattacharya, Sanjib

2018-06-01

The electric conductivity of chalcogenide glassy semiconductor xAg2S-(1-x)(0.5S-0.5Te) has been presented here as a function of temperature and frequency. Formation of different nanocrystallites has been confirmed from X-ray diffraction study. It is also noteworthy that average size of nanocrystallites decreases with the increase of dislocation density. Dc conductivity data have been interpreted using Mott's model and Greaves's model in low and high temperature regions respectively. Ac conductivity above the room temperature has been analyzed using Meyer-Neldel (MN) conduction rule. It is interestingly noted that Correlated Barrier Hopping (CBH) model is the most appropriate conduction mechanism for x = 0.35, where pairs of charge carrier are considered to hop over the potential barrier between the sites via thermal activation. To interpret experimental data for x = 0.45, modified non-overlapping small polaron tunnelling (NSPT) model is supposed to be appropriate model due to tunnelling through grain boundary. The conductivity spectra at various temperatures have been analyzed using Almond-West Formalism (power law model). Scaling of conductivity spectra reveals that electrical relaxation process of charge carriers (polaron) is temperature independent but depends upon the composition of the present chalcogenide glassy system.

Massage for Cancer Pain: A Study with University and Hospice Collaboration

PubMed Central

Gorman, Geraldine; Forest, Jeannine; Stapleton, Stephen J.; Hoenig, Noreen A.; Marschke, Michael; Durham, Jan; Suarez, Marie L.

2009-01-01

Conducting scientific research within a clinical practice area presents a variety of challenges. When the specialty area is hospice and palliative care, the collaborative task is particularly daunting. In this paper, we describe an ongoing study being conducted as a partnership between the University of Illinois at Chicago and a large metropolitan hospice organization. Our research is focused on engaging patients and their caregivers in a study measuring the effects of massage on cancer pain. The purpose of this paper is to describe both the lessons learned and the benefits accrued from collaboration between hospice practitioners and academic researchers. We present these process findings as guideposts for others considering end-of-life or palliative care research. Upon completion of the study in 2009, we will disseminate outcome findings in future papers. PMID:19337585

Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water Small Systems Research

EPA Science Inventory

This Power Point presentation will summarize some of the results from Arsenic Demonstration Program with the main focus on the adsorptive media systems used by small systems. The presentation will also describe the results of recent regeneration studies conducted on the arsenic ...

Shaping the future of naval warfare with unmanned systems

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-07-01

This report presents the findings of a study conducted for the purpose of understanding how unmanned systems can enhance the readiness of U.S. Naval forces. The document presents reasons why unmanned systems should be adopted by the Navy, and makes t...

Computational modeling of electrically conductive networks formed by graphene nanoplatelet-carbon nanotube hybrid particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mora, A.; Han, F.; Lubineau, G.

2018-04-01

One strategy to ensure that nanofiller networks in a polymer composite percolate at low volume fractions is to promote segregation. In a segregated structure, the concentration of nanofillers is kept low in some regions of the sample. In turn, the concentration in the remaining regions is much higher than the average concentration of the sample. This selective placement of the nanofillers ensures percolation at low average concentration. One original strategy to promote segregation is by tuning the shape of the nanofillers. We use a computational approach to study the conductive networks formed by hybrid particles obtained by growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The objective of this study is (1) to show that the higher electrical conductivity of these composites is due to the hybrid particles forming a segregated structure and (2) to understand which parameters defining the hybrid particles determine the efficiency of the segregation. We construct a microstructure to observe the conducting paths and determine whether a segregated structure has indeed been formed inside the composite. A measure of efficiency is presented based on the fraction of nanofillers that contribute to the conductive network. Then, the efficiency of the hybrid-particle networks is compared to those of three other networks of carbon-based nanofillers in which no hybrid particles are used: only CNTs, only GNPs, and a mix of CNTs and GNPs. Finally, some parameters of the hybrid particle are studied: the CNT density on the GNPs, and the CNT and GNP geometries. We also present recommendations for the further improvement of a composite’s conductivity based on these parameters.

Recommended Protocol for Round Robin Studies in Additive Manufacturing

PubMed Central

Moylan, Shawn; Brown, Christopher U.; Slotwinski, John

2016-01-01

One way to improve confidence and encourage proliferation of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and parts is by generating more high quality data describing the performance of AM processes and parts. Many in the AM community see round robin studies as a way to generate large data sets while distributing the cost among the participants, thereby reducing the cost to individual users. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has conducted and participated in several of these AM round robin studies. While the results of these studies are interesting and informative, many of the lessons learned in conducting these studies concern the logistics and methods of the study and unique issues presented by AM. Existing standards for conducting interlaboratory studies of measurement methods, along with NIST’s experience, form the basis for recommended protocols for conducting AM round robin studies. The role of round robin studies in AM qualification, some of the limitations of round robin studies, and the potential benefit of less formal collaborative experiments where multiple factors, AM machine being only one, are varied simultaneously are also discussed. PMID:27274602

Recommended Protocol for Round Robin Studies in Additive Manufacturing.

PubMed

Moylan, Shawn; Brown, Christopher U; Slotwinski, John

2016-03-01

One way to improve confidence and encourage proliferation of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and parts is by generating more high quality data describing the performance of AM processes and parts. Many in the AM community see round robin studies as a way to generate large data sets while distributing the cost among the participants, thereby reducing the cost to individual users. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has conducted and participated in several of these AM round robin studies. While the results of these studies are interesting and informative, many of the lessons learned in conducting these studies concern the logistics and methods of the study and unique issues presented by AM. Existing standards for conducting interlaboratory studies of measurement methods, along with NIST's experience, form the basis for recommended protocols for conducting AM round robin studies. The role of round robin studies in AM qualification, some of the limitations of round robin studies, and the potential benefit of less formal collaborative experiments where multiple factors, AM machine being only one, are varied simultaneously are also discussed.

Challenges in conducting psychiatry studies in India

PubMed Central

Kharawala, Saifuddin; Dalal, Jeroze

2011-01-01

A large number of psychiatry studies are conducted in India. Psychiatry studies are complex and present unique challenges in the Indian setting. Ethical issues pertaining to the risk of worsening of illness, use of placebo and validity of informed consents are commonly faced. Site selection can be difficult due to the relative paucity of ICH-GCP (International Conference on Harmonisation - Good Clinical Practice) trained psychiatry investigators in India. Recruitment can be challenging due to issues such as strict eligibility criteria, (lack of) availability of caregiver, illness-related considerations, etc. Assessment of the consent capacity of patients is not simple, while structured assessments are not commonly employed. As the illness fluctuates, the consent capacity may change, thus requiring continued assessment of consent capacity. Study patients run the risk of worsening of illness and suicide due to exposure to inactive treatments; this risk is counterbalanced by use of appropriate study designs, as well as the indirect psychotherapeutic support received. Psychiatry studies are associated with a high placebo response. This necessitates conduct of placebo-controlled studies despite the attendant difficulties. Also, the high placebo response is often the cause of failed trials. Rating scales are essential for assessment of drug response. Some rating instruments as well as some rater training procedures may not be suitable for the Indian setting. Technological advancements may increase the procedural complexity but improve the quality of ratings. Psychiatry studies present monitors and auditors with unique scenarios too. Utilization of psychiatry specific training and expertise is recommended to ensure successful conduct of these studies in India. PMID:21584176

Experimental study of a generic high-speed civil transport

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Belton, Pamela S.; Campbell, Richard L.

1992-01-01

An experimental study of generic high-speed civil transport was conducted in the NASA Langley 8-ft Transonic Pressure Tunnel. The data base was obtained for the purpose of assessing the accuracy of various levels of computational analysis. Two models differing only in wingtip geometry were tested with and without flow-through nacelles. The baseline model has a curved or crescent wingtip shape, while the second model has a more conventional straight wingtip shape. The study was conducted at Mach numbers from 0.30 to 1.19. Force data were obtained on both the straight wingtip model and the curved wingtip model. Only the curved wingtip model was instrumented for measuring pressures. Selected longitudinal, lateral, and directional data are presented for both models. Selected pressure distributions for the curved wingtip model are also presented.

Your Travtek Driving Experience -- Rental Users Study Data Summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-11-01

THIS REPORT DOCUMENTS THE QUESTIONNAIRE DATA COLLECTED AND THE INSTRUMENTS USED FOR THE TRAVTEK EVALUATION TASK BL - RENTAL USERS STUDY. IT PRESENTS SUMMARY STATISTICS FOR THE PRIMARY DRIVERS DERIVED FROM THE RENTER STUDY, WHICH WAS CONDUCTED FROM MA...

Manual of Transit and Traffic Studies

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1947-01-01

This first edition of the "Manual of Transit and Traffic Studies" has been designed to assist transit companies and traffic engineers in the conduct and application of studies deemed essential to a solution of present and future problems of urban tra...

A Snapshot: South African University Students' Attitudes, Perceptions and Knowledge of HIV/AIDS

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raijmakers, L. R.; Pretorius, J. D.

2006-01-01

This article presents the findings of a survey conducted in August 2004 of students' attitudes, perceptions and knowledge about sexually transmitted infections, HIV/AIDS and sexual practices at an Institution of Higher Education. The study was set against the backdrop of the 2004 South African national survey, conducted by the Reproductive Health…

Live versus Video Observations: Comparing the Reliability and Validity of Two Methods of Assessing Classroom Quality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curby, Timothy W.; Johnson, Price; Mashburn, Andrew J.; Carlis, Lydia

2016-01-01

When conducting classroom observations, researchers are often confronted with the decision of whether to conduct observations live or by using pre-recorded video. The present study focuses on comparing and contrasting observations of live and video administrations of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System-PreK (CLASS-PreK). Associations between…

Men in Childcare Services: From Enrolment in Training Programs to Job Retention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pirard, Florence; Schoenmaeckers, Pauline; Camus, Pascale

2015-01-01

This article presents a study conducted in Federation Wallonia-Brussels (FWB) to identify factors that motivate men to enrol in training programmes and work in a field where women are the majority, in a context in which few proactive measures are taken to overcome gender stereotypes. Comprehensive interviews conducted with male childcare…

Thermal conduction and gravitational collapse

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Herrera, L.; Jimenez, J.; Esculpi, M.

1987-11-15

A method used to study the evolution of radiating spheres, reported some years ago by Herrera, Jimenez, and Ruggeri, is extended to the case in which thermal conduction within the sphere is taken into account. By means of an explicit example it is shown that heat flow, if present, may play an important role, affecting the final outcome of collapse.

Study of solid rocket motors for a space shuttle booster. Volume 3: Program acquisition planning

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vonderesch, A. H.

1972-01-01

Plans for conducting Phase C/D for a solid rocket motor booster vehicle are presented. Methods for conducting this program with details of scheduling, testing, and program management and control are included. The requirements of the space shuttle program to deliver a minimum cost/maximum reliability booster vehicle are examined.

Impaired Neurocognitive Functions Affect Social Learning Processes in Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder: Implications for Interventions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthys, Walter; Vanderschuren, Louk J. M. J.; Schutter, Dennis J. L. G.; Lochman, John E.

2012-01-01

In this review, a conceptualization of oppositional defiant (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) is presented according to which social learning processes in these disorders are affected by neurocognitive dysfunctions. Neurobiological studies in ODD and CD suggest that the ability to make associations between behaviors and negative and positive…

Perspectives and Plans for Graduate Studies. 11. Engineering 1974. D. Mechanical Engineering. Report No. 74-21.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ontario Council on Graduate Studies, Toronto. Advisory Committee on Academic Planning.

On the instruction of the Council of Ontario Universities, the Advisory Committee on Academic Planning in cooperation with the Committee of Ontario Deans of Engineering has conducted a planning assessment for doctoral work in mechanical engineering. This report presents as overview of the recommendations for each of the assessments conducted in…

Foster Youth Evaluate the Performance of Group Home Services in California

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Rex S.; Ellis, Peter T.

2008-01-01

In 2003 foster youth employed by a foster youth advocacy organization suggested that an evaluation of group home services to foster youth be conducted in Alameda County, California. This report presents the development and conduct of this evaluation study; how funding was obtained; and how foster youth were hired, trained, and employed to produce…

Temperature profiles from Salt Valley, Utah

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sass, J. H.; Lachenbruch, A. H.; Smith, E. P.

Temperature profiles were obtained in the nine drilled wells as part of a thermal study of the Salt Valley anticline, Paradox Basin, Utha. Thermal conductivities were also measured on 10 samples judged to be representative of the rocks encountered in the deepest hole. The temperature profiles and thermal conductivities are presented, together with preliminary interpretive remarks and suggestions for additional work.

How Are Community Interventions Conceptualized and Conducted? An Analysis of Published Accounts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trickett, Edison J.; Espino, Susan Ryerson; Hawe, Penelope

2011-01-01

Recent discussions about the conduct of community interventions suggest the importance of developing more comprehensive theorizing about their nature and effects. The present study is an effort to infer how community interventions are theorized by the way they are represented in the peer-reviewed scholarly literature. A coding of a random sample…

Phonological Errors Predominate in Arabic Spelling across Grades 1-9

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abu-Rabia, Salim; Taha, Haitham

2006-01-01

Most of the spelling error analysis has been conducted in Latin orthographies and rarely conducted in other orthographies like Arabic. Two hundred and eighty-eight students in grades 1-9 participated in the study. They were presented nine lists of words to test their spelling skills. Their spelling errors were analyzed by error categories. The…

Synthesis, characterization and DC conductivity studies of conducting polyaniline/PVA/Fly ash polymer composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Revanasiddappa, M.; Swamy, D. Siddalinga; Vinay, K.; Ravikiran, Y. T.; Raghavendra, S. C.

2018-05-01

The present work is an investigation of dc conduction behaviour of conducting polyaniline/fly ash nano particles blended in polyvinyl Alcohol (PANI/PVA/FA) synthesized via in-situ polymerization technique using (NH4)2S2O8 as an oxidising agent with varying fly ash cenosphere by 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%. The structural characterization of the synthesised polymer composites was examined using FT-IR, XRD and SEM techniques. Dc conductivity as a function of temperature has been measured in the temperature range from 302K - 443K. The increase of conductivity with increasing temperature reveals semiconducting behaviour of the composites and shows an evidence for the transport properties of the composites.

Knowledge and awareness of the Consumer Protection Act among dental professionals in India: A systematic review

PubMed Central

Singh, Gurminder; Gambhir, Ramandeep Singh; Singh, Simarpreet; Talwar, Puneet Singh; Munjal, Vaibhav

2014-01-01

Background: The medical profession has been included in the Consumer Protection Act (CPA), to protect the interests of the patients in case of any unethical treatment rendered by the doctor. The present systematic review was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness of CPA among dental professionals in India. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of relevant cross-sectional observational studies was conducted regarding the level of knowledge and awareness of CPA among dental professionals in India. Five studies out of 44 were finally included in the present review, after conducting both an electronic and manual search of scientific databases. The potential biases were reported and appropriate data was extracted by the concerned investigators. Results: More than 90% of the study subjects in one of the studies were aware of the CPA, as compared to other studies. In two studies, when queried about the correct time period during which a patient can sue a doctor, very few subjects (18 and 23.2%) answered correctly. Almost 90% of the subjects were taking some form of consent in one of the studies. Private practitioners had more awareness as compared to academicians and combined practitioners. Conclusion: The results of the present review showed that a majority of the subjects were aware of the existence of CPA, but knowledge about the basic rules and regulations was lacking in a few studies. Therefore, dental professionals need to keep themselves updated on the various rules and latest amendments to save themselves from any litigation. PMID:25565744

A Study of influence on sulfonated TiO2-Poly (Vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) nano composite membranes for PEM Fuel cell application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

kumar, K. Selva; Rajendran, S.; Prabhu, M. Ramesh

2017-10-01

The present work describes the sulfonated Titania directly blended with Poly (Vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) as a host polymer by solvent casting technique for PEM fuel cell application. Characterization studies such as FT-IR, SEM, EDX, AFM, Proton conductivity, contact angle measurement, IEC, TG, water uptake, tensile strength were performed by for synthesized proton conducting polymer electrolytes. The maximum proton conductivity value was found to be 3.6 × 10-3S/cm for 25 wt% sulfonated Titania based system at 80 °C. The temperature dependent proton conductivity of the polymer electrolyte follows an Arrhenius relationship. Surface morphology of the composite membranes was investigated by tapping mode. Thermal stability of the system was studied by TG analysis. The fabricated composite membranes with high proton conductivity, good water uptake and IEC parameters exhibited a maximum fuel cell power density of 85 Mw/cm2for PEM fuel cell application.

V/STOL tilt rotor study. Volume 6: Hover, low speed and conversion tests of a tilt rotor aeroelastic model (Model 300)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Marr, R. L.; Sambell, K. W.; Neal, G. T.

1973-01-01

Stability and control tests of a scale model of a tilt rotor research aircraft were conducted. The characteristics of the model for hover, low speed, and conversion flight were analyzed. Hover tests were conducted in a rotor whirl cage. Helicopter and conversion tests were conducted in a low speed wind tunnel. Data obtained from the tests are presented as tables and graphs. Diagrams and illustrations of the test equipment are provided.

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) filled boron nitride (BN) nanocomposites

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sulaiman, Hanisah Syed; Hua, Chia Chin; Zakaria, Sarani

In this study, nanocomposite using cellulose nanofibrils filled with different percentage of boron nitride (CNF-BN) were prepared. The objective of this research is to study the effect of different percentage of BN to the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite produced. The CNF-BN nanocomposite were characterization by FT-IR, SEM and thermal conductivity. The FT-IR analysis of the CNF-BN nanocomposite shows all the characteristic peaks of cellulose and BN present in all samples. The dispersion of BN in CNF were seen through SEM analysis. The effect of different loading percentage of BN to the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite were also investigated.

Behind Bars: Experiences Conducting Behavioral Addictions Research in a County Jail.

PubMed

Hickey, Kari L; Kerber, Cindy; Astroth, Kim Schafer; Kim, MyoungJin; Schlenker, Emily

2015-10-01

Individuals who are incarcerated experience disparities in mental health, warranting study by nurse researchers. However, nurse researchers' unfamiliarity with the jail environment may pose a barrier to conducting research with this vulnerable population. The current article presents an account of the planning and implementation needed to study perceived health and gambling behavior in county jail inmates. The challenges and rewards of research that aim to better understand the mental health issues affecting this population are also identified. Developing relationships with jail personnel and understanding the incarcerated population and their surroundings are key to conducting research in this environment. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

Macroscopic Electrical Wires from Vapor Deposited Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).

PubMed

Koch, Lukas; Polek, Anna; Rudd, Sam; Evans, Drew

2017-01-11

Conducting polymers represent a field of materials innovation that bridges the properties of metals (electrical conduction) with those of traditional polymers (mechanical flexibility). Although electronic properties have been studied, minimal attention is given to their mechanical properties such as tensile strength. This study presents macroscopic wires made from the vapor phase polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) using triblock copolymers as a molecular template. These macroscopic wires are conductive (up to 5 × 10 4 S/m), and possess tensile properties (Young's modulus ∼1.1 GPa; tensile strength ∼90 MPa) comparable to commercially available polymers (Nylon-6 and poly(methyl methacrylate)), without need for nonconductive mechanical fillers.

The Effect of Using XO Computers on Students' Mathematics and Reading Abilities: Evidences from Learning Achievement Tests Conducted in Primary Education Schools in Mongolia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yamaguchi, Shinobu; Sukhbaatar, Javzan; Takada, Jun-ichi; Dayan-Ochir, Khishigbuyan

2014-01-01

In 2008, Mongolia took part in One Laptop per Child (OLPC) project. Since that time, over 10,000 students in grades 2-5 in 43 primary education schools are using XO computers. This paper presents the findings of a study conducted in 2012 to evaluate the impact of the OLPC initiatives on students' literacy and math skills. This study covered 14…

Catalytic trimerization of aromatic nitriles for synthesis of polyimide matrix resins

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hsu, L. C.

1974-01-01

Aromatic nitriles may be trimerized at moderate temperature and pressure with p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. Studies were conducted to establish the effect of the reaction temperature, pressure, time, and catalyst concentration on yield of the trimerized product. Trimerization studies were also conducted to establish the effect of substituting electron donating or withdrawing groups on benzonitrile. Preliminary results of using the catalytic trimerization approach to prepare s-triazine cross-linked polyimide/graphite fiber composites are presented.

When will I see you again? The fate of research findings from international wound care conferences*.

PubMed

Dumville, Jo C; Petherick, Emily S; Cullum, Nicky

2008-03-01

Medical conferences provide a forum for the rapid dissemination of research directly to health professionals and academics. However, the published record of poster and oral presentations from these meetings is usually limited to abstracts. We aimed to assess how many wound studies presented as conference abstracts were eventually published in journals and to identify the factors that predicted publication. The study was a retrospective review. We identified abstracts relating to oral and poster presentation from two large wound conferences. Following data extraction from the abstracts, a systematic search was conducted to examine if the research was subsequently published as a journal article. A time-to-event analysis was conducted to assess predictive associations between features of the research reported in the conference abstracts and time to full publication. In total, 492 abstracts from two European wound care conferences were identified (467 after exclusions). Of the abstracts included, 60% (279) were for posters and 40% (188) were for oral presentations. Over half of the abstracts (53%) reported results from case studies or case series design. In total, only 57 (12%) of the abstracts included resulted in a related publication. Analysis suggested that those studies reporting positive findings were significantly more likely to be published (hazard ratio 1.79, P= 0.001, 95% CIs 1.26-2.55). Few studies presented as conference abstracts at these two wounds conferences were subsequently published. This may be because of the low methodological quality of studies accepted for poster or oral presentation.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance use disorders, and criminality: a difficult problem with complex solutions.

PubMed

Knecht, Carlos; de Alvaro, Raquel; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Balanza-Martinez, Vicent

2015-05-01

The association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and criminality has been increasingly recognized as an important societal concern. Studies conducted in different settings have revealed high rates of ADHD among adolescent offenders. The risk for criminal behavior among individuals with ADHD is increased when there is psychiatric comorbidity, particularly conduct disorder and substance use disorder. In the present report, it is aimed to systematically review the literature on the epidemiological, neurobiological, and other risk factors contributing to this association, as well as the key aspects of the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD among offenders. A systematic literature search of electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) was conducted to identify potentially relevant studies published in English, in peer-reviewed journals. Studies conducted in various settings within the judicial system and in many different countries suggest that the rate of adolescent and adult inmates with ADHD far exceeds that reported in the general population; however, underdiagnosis is common. Similarly, follow-up studies of children with ADHD have revealed high rates of criminal behaviors, arrests, convictions, and imprisonment in adolescence and adulthood. Assessment of ADHD and comorbid condition requires an ongoing and careful process. When treating offenders or inmates with ADHD, who commonly present other comorbid psychiatric disorder complex, comprehensive and tailored interventions, combining pharmacological and psychosocial strategies are likely to be needed.

Measurement and Modeling of Near-Road & Near-Port Air Quality

EPA Science Inventory

This presentation provides a summary of mobile monitoring assessment studies conducted on major interstates in Detroit, Michigan and Phoenix, Arizona along with a near-port assessment focusing on the Port of Charleston in South Carolina, USA. We will also present our mobile measu...

Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction for high-resolution bioimepedance imaging through vector source reconstruction under the static field of MRI magnet

PubMed Central

Mariappan, Leo; Hu, Gang; He, Bin

2014-01-01

Purpose: Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is an imaging modality to reconstruct the electrical conductivity of biological tissue based on the acoustic measurements of Lorentz force induced tissue vibration. This study presents the feasibility of the authors' new MAT-MI system and vector source imaging algorithm to perform a complete reconstruction of the conductivity distribution of real biological tissues with ultrasound spatial resolution. Methods: In the present study, using ultrasound beamformation, imaging point spread functions are designed to reconstruct the induced vector source in the object which is used to estimate the object conductivity distribution. Both numerical studies and phantom experiments are performed to demonstrate the merits of the proposed method. Also, through the numerical simulations, the full width half maximum of the imaging point spread function is calculated to estimate of the spatial resolution. The tissue phantom experiments are performed with a MAT-MI imaging system in the static field of a 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging magnet. Results: The image reconstruction through vector beamformation in the numerical and experimental studies gives a reliable estimate of the conductivity distribution in the object with a ∼1.5 mm spatial resolution corresponding to the imaging system frequency of 500 kHz ultrasound. In addition, the experiment results suggest that MAT-MI under high static magnetic field environment is able to reconstruct images of tissue-mimicking gel phantoms and real tissue samples with reliable conductivity contrast. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that MAT-MI is able to image the electrical conductivity properties of biological tissues with better than 2 mm spatial resolution at 500 kHz, and the imaging with MAT-MI under a high static magnetic field environment is able to provide improved imaging contrast for biological tissue conductivity reconstruction. PMID:24506649

The Effects of Concept Maps on the Academic Success and Attitudes of 11th Graders while Teaching Urinary System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akay, Sumeyye Ozbey; Kaya, Basturk; Kilic, Selda

2012-01-01

The aim of the present study is to support, enrich, and broaden the process of education using concept maps and to determine the effects of concept maps in biology classes on school success, attitude and retention of the knowledge taught. The present study was conducted as an experimental study with pre-test and post-test control groups. The…

A numerical study on optimising the cryosurgical process for effective tumour necrosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramajayam, K. K.; Kumar, A.; Sarangi, S. K.; Thirugnanam, A.

2017-05-01

This study presents the concept of improving the efficacy of cryosurgery using a low thermal conductivity liquid around the interface of a tumour. In the same context, perfluorohexane, a low thermal conductivity liquid has been used for the insulation of tumour. In the presence of a perfluorohexane layer, results demonstrate that the lethal front and the freezing front do not cross the tumour boundary. The results of numerical modelling indicate that there is an optimal thickness of the perfluorohexane layer which enables a perfect insulation to the tumour. Further, the contour plot presents that the optimal thickness of the perfluorohexane layer is 1 mm. The results also suggest that the lethal front reaches the tumour boundary at 100 s when perfluorohexane is used as an insulation at the tumour boundary. It is seen that a change in the thermal conductivity of the insulation at the tumour interface affects the lethal front propagation drastically. Among perfluorohexane, octafluoropropane and water, this study reveals perfluorohexane as the best substitute for the formation of the insulating layer at the tumour interface. The lower thermal conductivity of perfluorohexane provides a good barrier to the healthy tissue surrounding the tumour (as seen from the comparison of gap, i.e. the distance between the lethal front and the tumour interface). Furthermore, the calculation of gap indicates the most optimal configuration for cooling the tumour (termed as the optimal offset). In conclusion, the results presented in the study help in optimising the layer thickness at the tumour interface, the identification of an appropriate substance for making the layer and the use of gap to evaluate the most optimal configuration for freezing the tumours effectively.

A study to evaluate the effect of nootropic drug-piracetam on DNA damage in leukocytes and macrophages.

PubMed

Singh, Sarika; Goswami, Poonam; Swarnkar, Supriya; Singh, Sheelendra Pratap; Wahajuddin; Nath, Chandishwar; Sharma, Sharad

2011-11-27

Piracetam is a nootropic drug that protects neurons in neuropathological and age-related diseases and the activation and modulation of peripheral blood cells in patients with neuropathological conditions is well known. Therefore, in the present study, in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro tests were conducted to investigate the effect of piracetam on leukocytes and macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes oxidative DNA damage; thus, in the present study, LPS was used as a tool to induce DNA damage. In vivo experiments were conducted on Sprague Dawley rats, and piracetam (600mg/kg, oral) was provided for five consecutive days. On the fifth day, a single injection of LPS (10mg/kg, i.p.) was administered. Three hours after LPS injection, blood leukocytes and peritoneal macrophages were collected and processed, and a variety of different assays were conducted. Ex vivo treatments were performed on isolated rat blood leukocytes, and in vitro experiments were conducted on rat macrophage cell line J774A.1. Cell viability and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and DNA damage were estimated in untreated (control) and piracetam-, LPS- and LPS+piracetam-treated leukocytes and macrophages. In vivo experiments revealed that rats pretreated with piracetam were significantly protected against LPS-induced increases in ROS levels and DNA damage. Ex vivo isolated leukocytes and J774A.1 cells treated with LPS exhibited augmented ROS levels and DNA damage, which were attenuated with piracetam treatment. Thus, the present study revealed the salutary effect of piracetam against LPS-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in leukocytes and macrophages. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Recommended Standards for Teacher Education. The Accreditation of Basic and Advanced Preparation Programs for Professional School Personnel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education, Washington, DC.

The recommended standards for teacher education presented in this booklet are the result of a 3-year study conducted by the Evaluative Criteria Study Committee of AACTE. The recommendations are presented in two major sections, one concerned with standards for basic teacher education programs (programs for the initial preparation of teachers…

Control-Structure-Interaction (CSI) technologies and trends to future NASA missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

Control-structure-interaction (CSI) issues which are relevant for future NASA missions are reviewed. This goal was achieved by: (1) reviewing large space structures (LSS) technologies to provide a background and survey of the current state of the art (SOA); (2) analytically studying a focus mission to identify opportunities where CSI technology may be applied to enhance or enable future NASA spacecraft; and (3) expanding a portion of the focus mission, the large antenna, to provide in-depth trade studies, scaling laws, and methodologies which may be applied to other NASA missions. Several sections are presented. Section 1 defines CSI issues and presents an overview of the relevant modeling and control issues for LLS. Section 2 presents the results of the three phases of the CSI study. Section 2.1 gives the results of a CSI study conducted with the Geostationary Platform (Geoplat) as the focus mission. Section 2.2 contains an overview of the CSI control design methodology available in the technical community. Included is a survey of the CSI ground-based experiments which were conducted to verify theoretical performance predictions. Section 2.3 presents and demonstrates a new CSI scaling law methodology for assessing potential CSI with large antenna systems.

Your TravTek driving experience : rental users study : data summary

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1993-11-01

This report documents the questionnaire data collected and the instruments used for the TravTek : Evaluation Task Bl - Rental Users Study. It presents summary statistics for the primary drivers : derived from the renter study, which was conducted fro...

Current rates of publication for podium and poster presentations at the american society for surgery of the hand annual meetings.

PubMed

Abzug, Joshua M; Osterman, Meredith; Rivlin, Michael; Paryavi, Ebrahim; Osterman, A Lee

2014-09-01

Research projects are presented at the Annual Meetings of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (ASSH). It is unknown how many achieve publication in peer-reviewed journals. We sought to determine current rates of publication of podium and poster presentations. All ASSH podium and poster presentations from 2000 to 2005 were reviewed, and an Internet-based search using PubMed and Google was conducted to determine whether the presented studies had been published. Times to publication and journal names were recorded. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Fisher's exact test was conducted to compare current trends with previous trends. Of 1127 podium and poster presentations reviewed, 46% were published in peer-reviewed journals. Forty-seven percent of published presentations (242 presentations) were in Journal of Hand Surgery, and 11% (59 presentations) were in Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. Forty-five percent of presentations were published within 2 years and 66% within 3 years. The publication rate for podium presentations was significantly higher than that previously reported for Journal of Hand Surgery, at 54% compared with 44% (P=0.004). Currently, fewer than half of the studies presented at Annual Meetings of the ASSH achieve publication in peer-reviewed journals. Presentations are most likely to be published within 3 years, and almost half are published in Journal of Hand Surgery.

Dipole estimation errors due to not incorporating anisotropic conductivities in realistic head models for EEG source analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hallez, Hans; Staelens, Steven; Lemahieu, Ignace

2009-10-01

EEG source analysis is a valuable tool for brain functionality research and for diagnosing neurological disorders, such as epilepsy. It requires a geometrical representation of the human head or a head model, which is often modeled as an isotropic conductor. However, it is known that some brain tissues, such as the skull or white matter, have an anisotropic conductivity. Many studies reported that the anisotropic conductivities have an influence on the calculated electrode potentials. However, few studies have assessed the influence of anisotropic conductivities on the dipole estimations. In this study, we want to determine the dipole estimation errors due to not taking into account the anisotropic conductivities of the skull and/or brain tissues. Therefore, head models are constructed with the same geometry, but with an anisotropically conducting skull and/or brain tissue compartment. These head models are used in simulation studies where the dipole location and orientation error is calculated due to neglecting anisotropic conductivities of the skull and brain tissue. Results show that not taking into account the anisotropic conductivities of the skull yields a dipole location error between 2 and 25 mm, with an average of 10 mm. When the anisotropic conductivities of the brain tissues are neglected, the dipole location error ranges between 0 and 5 mm. In this case, the average dipole location error was 2.3 mm. In all simulations, the dipole orientation error was smaller than 10°. We can conclude that the anisotropic conductivities of the skull have to be incorporated to improve the accuracy of EEG source analysis. The results of the simulation, as presented here, also suggest that incorporation of the anisotropic conductivities of brain tissues is not necessary. However, more studies are needed to confirm these suggestions.

Comparative Investigation on Thermal Insulation of Polyurethane Composites Filled with Silica Aerogel and Hollow Silica Microsphere.

PubMed

Liu, Chunyuan; Kim, Jin Seuk; Kwon, Younghwan

2016-02-01

This paper presents a comparative study on thermal conductivity of PU composites containing open-cell nano-porous silica aerogel and closed-cell hollow silica microsphere, respectively. The thermal conductivity of PU composites is measured at 30 degrees C with transient hot bridge method. The insertion of polymer in pores of silica aerogel creates mixed interfaces, increasing the thermal conductivity of resulting composites. The measured thermal conductivity of PU composites filled with hollow silica microspheres is estimated using theoretical models, and is in good agreement with Felske model. It appears that the thermal conductivity of composites decreases with increasing the volume fraction (phi) when hollow silica microsphere (eta = 0.916) is used.

Research on Community Bands: Past, Present, and Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rohwer, Debbie

2016-01-01

The purpose of this review of literature was to synthesize findings of studies investigating community bands. This review of literature centers on research that has been conducted on community bands in status studies, historical/cultural studies, pedagogical studies, health and wellness studies, and intergenerational studies. The last section of…

Raman and Conductivity Analysis of Graphene for Biomedical Applications

PubMed Central

Qiu, Chao; Bennet, Kevin E.; Khan, Tamanna; Ciubuc, John D.; Manciu, Felicia S.

2016-01-01

In this study, we present a comprehensive investigation of graphene’s optical and conductive properties using confocal Raman and a Drude model. A comparative analysis between experimental findings and theoretical predictions of the material’s changes and improvements as it transitioned from three-dimensional graphite is also presented and discussed. Besides spectral recording by Raman, which reveals whether there is a single, a few, or multi-layers of graphene, the confocal Raman mapping allows for distinction of such domains and a direct visualization of material inhomogeneity. Drude model employment in the analysis of the far-infrared transmittance measurements demonstrates a distinct increase of the material’s conductivity with dimensionality reduction. Other particularly important material characteristics, including carrier concentration and time constant, were also determined using this model and presented here. Furthermore, the detection of micromolar concentration of dopamine on graphene surfaces not only proves that the Raman technique facilitates ultrasensitive chemical detection of analytes, besides offering high information content about the biomaterial under study, but also that carbon-based materials are biocompatible and favorable micro-environments for such detection. Such information is valuable for the development of bio-medical sensors, which is the main application envisioned for this analysis. PMID:28774016

The big contradiction between the perturbation theory and the chaotic state. A detailed mathematical analysis indicates when the plasma is stable or unstable

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xaplanteris, C. L., E-mail: cxaplanteris@yahoo.com; Xaplanteris, S. C.

2016-05-15

In the present manuscript enough observations and interpretations of three issues of Plasma Physics are presented. The first issue is linked to the common experimental confirmation of plasma waves which appear to be repeated in a standard way while there are also cases where plasma waves change to an unstable state or even to chaotic state. The second issue is associated with a mathematical analysis of the movement of a charged particle using the perturbation theory; which could be used as a guide for new researchers on similar issues. Finally, the suitability and applicability of the perturbation theory or themore » chaotic theory is presented. Although this study could be conducted on many plasma phenomena (e.g. plasma diffusion) or plasma quantities (e.g. plasma conductivity), here it was decided this study to be conducted on plasma waves and particularly on drift waves. This was because of the significance of waves on the plasmatic state and especially their negative impact on the thermonuclear fusion, but also due to the long-time experience of the plasma laboratory of Demokritos on drift waves.« less

Optimization study of direct morphology observation by cold field emission SEM without gold coating.

PubMed

He, Dan; Fu, Cheng; Xue, Zhigang

2018-06-01

Gold coating is a general operation that is generally applied on non-conductive or low conductive materials, during which the morphology of the materials can be examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, fatal deficiencies in the materials can result in irreversible distortion and damage. The present study directly characterized different low conductive materials such as hydroxyapatite, modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) fiber, and zinc oxide nanopillar by cold field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) without a gold coating. According to the characteristics of the low conductive materials, various test conditions, such as different working signal modes, accelerating voltages, electron beam spots, and working distances, were characterized to determine the best morphological observations of each sample. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Optimal Experiment Design for Thermal Characterization of Functionally Graded Materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cole, Kevin D.

2003-01-01

The purpose of the project was to investigate methods to accurately verify that designed , materials meet thermal specifications. The project involved heat transfer calculations and optimization studies, and no laboratory experiments were performed. One part of the research involved study of materials in which conduction heat transfer predominates. Results include techniques to choose among several experimental designs, and protocols for determining the optimum experimental conditions for determination of thermal properties. Metal foam materials were also studied in which both conduction and radiation heat transfer are present. Results of this work include procedures to optimize the design of experiments to accurately measure both conductive and radiative thermal properties. Detailed results in the form of three journal papers have been appended to this report.

Writing instruction in kindergarten: examining an emerging area of research for children with writing and reading difficulties.

PubMed

Edwards, Lana

2003-01-01

This review examines the literature on how to teach kindergarten children with reading and writing difficulties how to write. Specifically, research on handwriting instruction, spelling instruction, and composition writing is discussed. Due to the limited number of empirical studies on writing that included kindergarten students with diagnosed reading and writing difficulties, selected studies conducted with the full range of kindergarten children, as well as studies conducted in the early elementary grades, are presented to highlight future directions for research.

Is photobiomodulation (PBM) effective for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity? A systematic review.

PubMed

Machado, Alana Cristina; Viana, Ítallo Emídio Lira; Farias-Neto, Aloisio Melo; Braga, Mariana Minatel; de Paula Eduardo, Carlos; de Freitas, Patricia Moreira; Aranha, Ana Cecilia Corrêa

2018-05-01

The present study aims to evaluate the current scientific data regarding the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) as an alternative method for pain control. A systematic review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of PBM as treatment for DH. A complete literature search was performed up to October 2016. Searches were conducted using Boolean operators and MeSH terms. References of all selected full-text articles and related reviews were scanned. A total of 280 articles were identified (241 articles were excluded by the title and abstract). Of the 39 articles selected for analysis, 36 were excluded because they presented one or more exclusion criteria. Therefore, three articles were qualified for inclusion in this systematic review. PBM may not lead to adverse effects provided that adequately controlled parameters are followed when treating DH. More consistent studies should be conducted in order to adequately observe the advantageous therapeutic effect of PBM.

Hydrogen Research for Spaceport and Space-Based Applications: Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Transport. Part 3

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, Tim; Balaban, Canan

2008-01-01

The activities presented are a broad based approach to advancing key hydrogen related technologies in areas such as fuel cells, hydrogen production, and distributed sensors for hydrogen-leak detection, laser instrumentation for hydrogen-leak detection, and cryogenic transport and storage. Presented are the results from research projects, education and outreach activities, system and trade studies. The work will aid in advancing the state-of-the-art for several critical technologies related to the implementation of a hydrogen infrastructure. Activities conducted are relevant to a number of propulsion and power systems for terrestrial, aeronautics and aerospace applications. Hydrogen storage and in-space hydrogen transport research focused on developing and verifying design concepts for efficient, safe, lightweight liquid hydrogen cryogenic storage systems. Research into hydrogen production had a specific goal of further advancing proton conducting membrane technology in the laboratory at a larger scale. System and process trade studies evaluated the proton conducting membrane technology, specifically, scale-up issues.

Systematic Review: Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating, and Present Factors Predicting Anticipatory Distress to Painful Medical Procedures in Children

PubMed Central

Pillai Riddell, Rebecca R.; Khan, Maria; Calic, Masa; Taddio, Anna; Tablon, Paula

2016-01-01

Objective To conduct a systematic review of the factors predicting anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures in children. Methods A systematic search was conducted to identify studies with factors related to anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures in children aged 0–18 years. The search retrieved 7,088 articles to review against inclusion criteria. A total of 77 studies were included in the review. Results 31 factors were found to predict anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures in children. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was conducted, and a summary figure is presented. Conclusions Many factors were elucidated that contribute to the occurrence of anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures. The factors that appear to increase anticipatory distress are child psychopathology, difficult child temperament, parent distress promoting behaviors, parent situational distress, previous pain events, parent anticipation of distress, and parent anxious predisposition. Longitudinal and experimental research is needed to further elucidate these factors. PMID:26338981

Systematic Screening at the Middle School Level: Score Reliability and Validity of the Student Risk Screening Scale

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lane, Kathleen Lynne; Parks, Robin J.; Kalberg, Jemma Robertson; Carter, Erik W.

2007-01-01

This article presents findings of two studies, one conducted with middle school students (n = 500) in a rural setting and a second conducted with middle school students (n = 528) in an urban setting, of the reliability and validity of the "Student Risk Screening Scale" (SRSS; Drummond, 1994). Results revealed high internal consistency, test-retest…

Collection Growth, Expenditures, and Automation in Academic Libraries: A Preliminary Inquiry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Werking, Richard Hume

A study was conducted to examine library data and trends among a group of 42 liberal arts colleges known as the "Bowdoin List." Questionnaires were completed and returned by 35 of the colleges, and interviews were conducted with the library directors at 22 of the colleges. The first of 10 sections in this report presents the statistical…

Bending of I-beam with the transvers shear effect included - FEM calculated

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grygorowicz, Magdalena; Lewiński, Jerzy

2016-06-01

The paper is devoted to three-point bending of an I-beam with include of transvers shear effect. Numerical calculations were conducted independently with the use of the SolidWorks system and the multi-purpose software package ANSYS The results of FEM study conducted with the use of two systems were compared and presented in tables and figures.

Bending of I-beam with the transvers shear effect included – FEM calculated

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Grygorowicz, Magdalena; Lewiński, Jerzy

2016-06-08

The paper is devoted to three-point bending of an I-beam with include of transvers shear effect. Numerical calculations were conducted independently with the use of the SolidWorks system and the multi-purpose software package ANSYS The results of FEM study conducted with the use of two systems were compared and presented in tables and figures.

The Effect of Immersive Virtual Environments on Student Perception and Interest in a University Graduate Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Serviss, Jennifer

2016-01-01

This study was conducted to examine the perceptions of potential college students after participating in a recruitment presentation of a university. The focus was to conduct user research to establish some causal relationship between the design of a university marketing tool and a behavior such as the interest of potential students in the…

Research in Adult Education. Proceedings of the National Seminar (Hyderabad, India, February 28-March 3, 1982).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bhatia, S. C., Ed.; Patil, B. R., Ed.

These proceedings contain 17 papers presented at a seminar to identify and evaluate research studies conducted in the past with a view to providing guidance and ready reference for those who wish to conduct research in the future. A summary of recommendations appears first. Issues, researchable questions, and suggestions are made in three areas:…

Magnet Fall inside a Conductive Pipe: Motion and the Role of the Pipe Wall Thickness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donoso, G.; Ladera, C. L.; Martin, P.

2009-01-01

Theoretical models and experimental results are presented for the retarded fall of a strong magnet inside a vertical conductive non-magnetic tube. Predictions and experimental results are in good agreement modelling the magnet as a simple magnetic dipole. The effect of varying the pipe wall thickness on the retarding magnetic drag is studied for…

SEWER-SEDIMENT CONTROL: OVERVIEW OF AN EPA WET-WEATHER FLOW RESEARCH PROGRAM

EPA Science Inventory

This paper presents a historical overview of the sewer sediment control projects conducted by the Wet-Weather Flow Research Program of the USEPA. Research presented includes studies of the causes of sewer solids deposition and development/evaluation of control methods that can pr...

Curricular Content for Pupils' Mental Health

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ebadi, Seyed Hossein; Keshtiaray, Narges; Aghaei, Asghar; Yousefy, Alireza

2016-01-01

Present-day curricular designs have to take the pupils' psychological needs in account, thus becoming melodies of mental health and happiness for the next generation. Emphasizing the findings from previous investigations using the research synthesis methodology, the present study has been conducted aiming at achieving some integrative knowledge…

Patterns of Responding in the Word Associations of West African Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharp, Donald; Cole, Michael

1972-01-01

Studies conducted among the Kpelle of north central Liberia whose present cultural milieu offers unique possibilities for studying the role of particular experiential factors, particularly education, on the development of paradigmatic response. (Authors)

Presentation to DOT Workshop

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-03-12

LightSquared Comments on Testing Program. The FCC has Exclusive Jurisdiction to Regulate Spectrum Emissions. The Established Process is for Agencies to Ask the FCC to Conduct Such Studies. The Only Purpose of Any Such Study is to Inform FCC Regulator...

Risk factors for hospital re-presentation among older adults following fragility fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Mathew, Saira A; Gane, Elise; Heesch, Kristiann C; McPhail, Steven M

2016-09-12

Older adults hospitalized with fragility fractures are at high risk of negative events that can culminate in re-presentations to hospital emergency departments or readmissions to hospital. This systematic review aimed to identify patient, clinical, or hospital-related factors that are identifiable at the index admission and that may be associated with re-presentations to hospital emergency departments or hospital readmissions in older adults following fragility fractures. Four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus) were searched. A suite of search terms identified peer-reviewed English-language articles that examined potential correlates of hospital re-presentation in older adults (mean age ≥ 65 years) who were discharged from hospital following treatment for fragility fractures. A three-stage screening process (titles, abstracts, full text) was conducted by two researchers independently. Participant characteristics, study design, potential correlates examined, analyses, and findings were extracted for studies included in the review. Quality and risk of bias were assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool. The strength of evidence was incorporated into a best evidence synthesis, and meta-analysis was conducted where effect pooling was possible. Eleven of 35 eligible studies were categorized as high quality studies. These studies reported that age, higher Cumulative Illness Rating scores, American Society of Anesthesiologists scores > 3, longer length of stay, male sex, cardiovascular disease, low post-operative hemoglobin, kidney disease, dementia and cancer were factors identified at the index admission that were predictive of subsequent re-presentation to hospital. Age was the only predictor for which pooling of effects across studies was possible: pooling was conducted for re-presentation ≤ 30 days (pooled OR, 1.27; 95 % CI, 1.14-1.43) and > 30 days (pooled OR, 1.23; 95 % CI, 1.01-1.50). The best-evidence synthesis, in addition to the meta-analysis, identified a range of factors that may have utility in guiding clinical practice and policy guidelines for targeted interventions to reduce the need for re-presentation to hospital among this frail clinical population. The paucity of studies investigating re-presentations to hospital emergency departments without admission was an important gap in the literature identified in this review. Key limitations were exclusion of non-English language studies and grey literature. PROSPERO CRD42015019379 .

Thermal Conductivity of Diamond Composites

PubMed Central

Kidalov, Sergey V.; Shakhov, Fedor M.

2009-01-01

A major problem challenging specialists in present-day materials sciences is the development of compact, cheap to fabricate heat sinks for electronic devices, primarily for computer processors, semiconductor lasers, high-power microchips, and electronics components. The materials currently used for heat sinks of such devices are aluminum and copper, with thermal conductivities of about 250 W/(m·K) and 400 W/(m·K), respectively. Significantly, the thermal expansion coefficient of metals differs markedly from those of the materials employed in semiconductor electronics (mostly silicon); one should add here the low electrical resistivity metals possess. By contrast, natural single-crystal diamond is known to feature the highest thermal conductivity of all the bulk materials studied thus far, as high as 2,200 W/(m·K). Needless to say, it cannot be applied in heat removal technology because of high cost. Recently, SiC- and AlN-based ceramics have started enjoying wide use as heat sink materials; the thermal conductivity of such composites, however, is inferior to that of metals by nearly a factor two. This prompts a challenging scientific problem to develop diamond-based composites with thermal characteristics superior to those of aluminum and copper, adjustable thermal expansion coefficient, low electrical conductivity and a moderate cost, below that of the natural single-crystal diamond. The present review addresses this problem and appraises the results reached by now in studying the possibility of developing composites in diamond-containing systems with a view of obtaining materials with a high thermal conductivity.

Electronic conductance of a poly(p-phenylene)-like nanowire in the presence of thermal atomic vibrations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shariati, Ashrafalsadat; Rabani, Hassan; Mardaani, Mohammad

2017-10-01

We present a theoretical method based on Green’s function technique and tight-binding approach as well as harmonic approximation in order to calculate the coherent electronic conductance of an extended poly(p-phenylene) oligomer in the presence of thermal atomic vibrations. We study two proposed mass-spring models for atomic vibrations: one, including rigid benzene rings connected to each other by vibrating bonds; and in another, the bonds along the oligomer vibrate even in the benzene rings. The electron-phonon (e-ph) interaction influences the electron hopping energies linearly with respect to atomic displacements. The model shows that the conductance spectra exhibit some new energy gaps in the presence of e-ph interaction even at zero temperature. The conductance is more affected by e-ph interaction when the atomic vibrations are supposed to be present in the benzene rings. At the edges of the band energy and central gap, the phonon-assisted phenomena can be observed. Generally, the increasing e-ph interaction strength as well as temperature destroys the electronic conductance especially in the resonance region.

Wolff-Parkinson-white syndrome mimics a conduction disease.

PubMed

Marrakchi, S; Kammoun, I; Kachboura, S

2014-01-01

Background. It is important to recognise Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome in electrocardiograms (ECG), as it may mimic ischaemic heart disease, ventricular hypertrophy, and bundle branch block. Recognising WPW syndrome allows for risk stratification, the identification of associated conditions, and the institution of appropriate management. Objective. The present case showed that electrophysiological study is indicated in patients with abnormal ECG and syncope. Case Report. A 40-year-old man with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was presented to emergency with syncope. A baseline ECG was a complete right branch block and posterior left hemiblock. He was admitted to the cardiac care unit for pacemaker implantation. The atypical figure of complete right branch block and posterior left hemiblock was thought to be a "false positive" of conduction abnormality. But the long anterograde refractory period of the both accessory pathway and atrioventricular conduction may cause difficulty in diagnosing Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Conclusion. A Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome may mimic a conduction disease. No reliable algorithm exists for making an ECG diagnosis of a preexcitation syndrome with conduction disorders. This can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas in the context of syncope.

Social Studies Teacher Candidates' Views on Historical Thinking Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ozmen, Cengiz

2015-01-01

Current study aimed to present Social Studies teacher candidates' views on historical thinking skills. Study was conducted using qualitative design and working group was composed of a total of 121 teacher candidates (62 females and 59 males) attending Social Studies Teaching Department of Karadeniz Technical University and Adiyaman University…

Computational Modeling of Electrochemical-Poroelastic Bending Behaviors of Conducting Polymer (PPy) Membranes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toi, Yutaka; Jung, Woosang

The electrochemical-poroelastic bending behavior of conducting polymer actuators has an attractive feature, considering their potential applications such as artificial muscles or MEMS. In the present study, a computational modeling is presented for the bending behavior of polypyrrole-based actuators. The one-dimensional governing equation for the ionic transportation in electrolytes given by Tadokoro et al. is combined with the finite element modeling for the poroelastic behavior of polypyrroles considering the effect of finite deformation. The validity of the proposed model has been illustrated by comparing the computed results with the experimental results in the literatures.

Nanowire structures and electrical devices

DOEpatents

Bezryadin, Alexey; Remeika, Mikas

2010-07-06

The present invention provides structures and devices comprising conductive segments and conductance constricting segments of a nanowire, such as metallic, superconducting or semiconducting nanowire. The present invention provides structures and devices comprising conductive nanowire segments and conductance constricting nanowire segments having accurately selected phases including crystalline and amorphous states, compositions, morphologies and physical dimensions, including selected cross sectional dimensions, shapes and lengths along the length of a nanowire. Further, the present invention provides methods of processing nanowires capable of patterning a nanowire to form a plurality of conductance constricting segments having selected positions along the length of a nanowire, including conductance constricting segments having reduced cross sectional dimensions and conductance constricting segments comprising one or more insulating materials such as metal oxides.

Behavioral Assessment of Spaceflight Effects on Neurocognitive Performance - Extent and Longevity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

De Dios, Y.E.; Kofman, I.S.; Gadd, N.E.; Kreutzberg, G.A.; Peters, B.T.; Taylor, L.C.; Campbell, D.J.; Wood, S.J.; Bloomberg, J.J.; Seidler, R.D.;

Conducting a Multisite Education Research Project: Strategies to Overcome the Barriers to Achieve the Benefits.

PubMed

Beischel, Kelly P; Hart, Julie; Turkelson, Sandra L

2016-01-01

Multisite education research projects have many benefits as well as perceived barriers. In this article, we share our experiences with a multisite education research project and the barriers we overcame to reap the benefits. The outcome of our research resulted in increased rigor, role-modeling professional collaboration, and promotion of future multisite education studies. The strategies presented in this article will help alleviate perceived barriers and ameliorate the process of conducting multisite education research studies.

Experimental study of a generic high-speed civil transport: Tabulated data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Belton, Pamela S.; Campbell, Richard L.

1992-01-01

An experimental study of a generic high-speed civil transport was conducted in LaRC's 8-Foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel. The data base was obtained for the purpose of assessing the accuracy of various levels of computational analysis. Two models differing only in wing tip geometry were tested with and without flow-through nacelles. The baseline model has a curved or crescent wing tip shape while the second model has a more conventional straight wing tip shape. The study was conducted at Mach numbers from 0.30-1.19. Force data were obtained on both the straight and curved wing tip models. Only the curved wing tip model was instrumented for measuring pressures. Longitudinal and lateral-directional aerodynamic data are presented without analysis in tabulated form. Pressure coefficients for the curved wing tip model are also presented in tabulated form.

Controlling ion aggregation and conduction in PEO-based ionomers.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caldwell, David, II; Maranas, Janna

2015-03-01

PEO-based ionomers are ideal for reducing concentration polarization found in typical solid polymer electrolytes. This is achieved by binding the anion to the polymer backbone, significantly reducing the anions mobility. Ion aggregation is prevalent in these systems, but their influence on SPE performance is difficult to study experimentally. We present results of molecular dynamics simulations that explore the relationship between ion content and temperature on ion aggregation, polymer motion, and ion conduction. An unforeseen result of ionomers is the creation of string like aggregates that form conduction pathways in the amorphous region. These conduction pathways allow for a partial decoupling of ion conduction with polymer dynamics. The improvement in conductivity through the use of ion aggregates can be quantified by calculating the inverse of the Haven Ratio, dubbed f-value. Typical SPEs have an f-value less than 0.2, while the ionomers of study exhibit f-values near unity or higher. Understanding what properties influence the development and use of these conduction pathways will provide insight for further development of solid polymer electrolytes.

Characteristics of Children and Youth Who Visit the Emergency Department for a Behavioural Disorder

PubMed Central

Liu, Stacy; Ali, Samina; Rosychuk, Rhonda J.; Newton, Amanda S.

2014-01-01

Objective: Relatively little is known about children who present to emergency departments (EDs) to stabilize acute emergencies related to behavioural disorders. This study describes patient and treatment characteristics of such children/youth. Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical record review of consecutive ED presentations made by children/youth (10 to 17 years) between January 2009 and December 2011 for visits with a main discharge diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder, mixed disorder of conduct and emotions, or conduct disorder. Socio-demographic and ED visit data were analyzed descriptively. Results: During the study period, 365 consecutive presentations made by 325 children/youth. The most common presenting complaints were related to depression/self-harm (45.8%) and violent behaviours (28.8%). Many children/youth had a previously diagnosed psychiatric disorder (59.4%) and identified being under the care of a child psychiatrist (42.2%). The majority of ED visits were triaged as urgent or emergent (51.5% and 41.1%, respectively) and included mood and suicidality assessments (84.7% and 80.8%, respectively). Follow-up with various services was made for all visits. Conclusion: Children and youth presented to the ED for a behavioural disorder had urgent needs related to self-harm, depression and violent behaviours. These findings draw attention to the important role of the ED in managing physical safety and well-being concerns for families and recommending follow-up in the post-crisis period. PMID:24872826

Why scientists perform animal experiments, scientific or personal aim?

PubMed

Mayir, Burhan; Doğan, Uğur; Bilecik, Tuna; Yardımcı, Erdem Can; Çakır, Tuğrul; Aslaner, Arif; Mayir, Yeliz Akpınar; Oruç, Mehmet Tahir

2016-01-01

Although all animal studies are conducted in line with a specific purpose, we think that not all animal studies are performed for a scientific purpose but for personal curiosity or to fulfill a requirement. The aim of the present study is to reveal the purposes of experimental studies conducted on animals. We searched for experimental studies performed on rats in general surgery clinics via PubMed, and obtained the e-mail addresses of the corresponding authors for each study. Afterwards, we sent a 7-item questionnaire to the authors and awaited their responses. Seventy-three (22.2%) of 329 authors responded to the questionnaire. Within these studies, 31 (42.5%) were conducted as part of a dissertation, while the remaining 19 (26.0%) were conducted to meet the academic promotion criteria. Only 23 (31.5%) were conducted for scientific purposes. The cost of 41% of those studies was higher than 2500 $. As shown in this study, the main objective of carrying out animal studies in Turkey is usually to prepare a dissertation or to be entitled to academic promotion. Animal experiments must be planned and performed as scientific studies to support related clinical studies. Additionally, animal studies must have well-defined objectives and be carried out in line with scientific purposes that may lead to useful developments in medicine, rather than personal interests.

A DSMC Study of Low Pressure Argon Discharge

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hash, David; Meyyappan, M.

1997-10-01

Work toward a self-consistent plasma simulation using the DSMC method for examination of the flowfields of low-pressure high density plasma reactors is presented. Presently, DSMC simulations for these applications involve either treating the electrons as a fluid or imposing experimentally determined values for the electron number density profile. In either approach, the electrons themselves are not physically simulated. Self-consistent plasma DSMC simulations have been conducted for aerospace applications but at a severe computational cost due in part to the scalar architectures on which the codes were employed. The present work attempts to conduct such simulations at a more reasonable cost using a plasma version of the object-oriented parallel Cornell DSMC code, MONACO, on an IBM SP-2. Due the availability of experimental data, the GEC reference cell is chosen to conduct preliminary investigations. An argon discharge is examined thus affording a simple chemistry set with eight gas-phase reactions and five species: Ar, Ar^+, Ar^*, Ar_2, and e where Ar^* is a metastable.

It's All a Matter of Perspective: Viewing First-Person Video Modeling Examples Promotes Learning of an Assembly Task

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fiorella, Logan; van Gog, Tamara; Hoogerheide, Vincent; Mayer, Richard E.

2017-01-01

The present study tests whether presenting video modeling examples from the learner's (first-person) perspective promotes learning of an assembly task, compared to presenting video examples from a third-person perspective. Across 2 experiments conducted in different labs, university students viewed a video showing how to assemble an 8-component…

A systematic review on the prevalence of conduct disorder in the Middle East.

PubMed

Salmanian, Maryam; Asadian-Koohestani, Fatemeh; Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza

2017-11-01

Several epidemiological studies have been done on conduct disorder in the Middle East, but no systematic review has been conducted on this topic. Thus, we aimed at investigating the prevalence of conduct disorder in the Middle East in this systematic review of the literature. We searched all the cross-sectional studies in the scientific databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Islamic World Science Citation Center, and Grey Literature including conference proceedings, and hand searching of key journals from 1995 to the end of 2014. Included studies described the prevalence of conduct disorder prior to age of 18, with any type of random or non-random sampling for at least one gender in the general or school-based populations who resided in Middle Eastern countries. Two reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies independently and extracted the relevant data. Twenty-four studies were included in this review. Sample sizes varied from 136 to 9636 with the age range of 6-18 years. These studies were conducted in Iran, Turkey, Israel, Cyprus, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Afghanistan, Yemen, and Palestine. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used in most of the included studies. The prevalence of conduct disorder was reported from 2.4% by diagnostic criteria taken from DSM-IV-TR in Iraq to 32.9% by SDQ in Iran; the prevalence rates ranged from 1 to 29.9% for females and from 3.3 to 34.6% for males. However, the prevalence of conduct disorder was reported 0.34% by the diagnostic instrument of Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime in Iranian children and adolescents. The prevalence of conduct disorder in this study was higher than the worldwide prevalence, thus, it seems essential to design preventive and treatment programs for children and adolescents with conduct disorder.

Creative Role-Playing Exercises in Science and Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Parisi, Lynn, Ed.

Five simulations for addressing science-related social issues in either the secondary science or social studies classroom are presented. Following a foreword, introduction, and description of the conceptual basis for the activities, each of the activities is presented in its entirety. Complete teacher and student materials for conducting each of…

Sex Stereotyping in Mexican Reading Primers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heathcote, Olivia

A study was conducted comparing the sex stereotypes present in selected Mexican reading primers published in 1960 with those present in primers published in 1972 to determine whether any significant changes in sex stereotyping were reflected in the 1972 primers. Comparisons were made between four primers published in 1960 for grades one through…

Watershed modeling and monitoring for assessing nutrient trading viability and increasing the adoption of nutrient management practices

EPA Science Inventory

Presentation for the American Water Works Association Water Sustainability Conference. The presentation highlights latest results from water quality trading research conducted by ORD using the East Fork Watershed in Southwestern Ohio as a case study. The watershed has a nutrient ...

Philosophy of Technology Assumptions in Educational Technology Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webster, Mark David

2017-01-01

A qualitative study using grounded theory methods was conducted to (a) examine what philosophy of technology assumptions are present in the thinking of K-12 technology leaders, (b) investigate how the assumptions may influence technology decision making, and (c) explore whether technological determinist assumptions are present. Subjects involved…

Temperature dependent charge transport in poly(3-hexylthiophene) diodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahaman, Abdulla Bin; Sarkar, Atri; Banerjee, Debamalya

2018-04-01

In this work, we present charge transport properties of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) diodes under dark conditions. Temperature dependent current-voltage (J-V) characteristics shows that charge transport represents a transition from ohomic to trap limited current. The forward current density obeys a power law J˜Vm, m>2 represents the space charge limited current region in presence of traps within the band gap. Frequency dependent conductivity has been studied in a temperature range 150K-473K. The dc conductivity values show Arrhenius like behavior and it gives conductivity activation energy 223 meV. Temperature dependent conductivity indicates a thermodynamic transition of our system.

[Hugo von Ziemssen poster award 2015].

PubMed

2015-12-01

Prize winner: Herr Dr. Stefano Bordignon, for the poster presentation "The SCAR-AF study: electroanatomial scar distribution and left atrial conduction delay in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation".

Magnetovariational information to improve distortion diagnostics in deep magnetotelluric soundings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Borzotta, E.

2012-09-01

An interpretative experience from nine magnetotelluric soundings was accomplished in the central region of Argentina (32°S-34°S; 63°W-69°W), from the Andean region in the west to the platform zone in the east. To do this, magnetovariational information was used to improve the distortion diagnostics in magnetotelluric curves. Using Pilar Geomagnetic Observatory as a reference site, horizontal magnetic transfer functions were estimated, which were compared with the integrate conductivity at each location in field. As a result, a rather simple methodology is proposed to better approach the accurate positions of normal curves. Results suggest that, in this way, better formal interpretations of soundings may be reached. In addition, a more clear and comprehensible knowledge about the nature of lateral in-homogeneities is obtained; e.g., discovering 3-D effects no suspected from tectonic maps. This methodology seems to be particularly useful when-as in the present case-magnetotelluric soundings are far away each others; i.e., when effective volumes of soundings are not interpenetrated. Horizontal magnetovariational information suggests two elongate conductivity anomalies (about N25°-30°E), possibly associated with deep seated faults belonging to the South American regmatic network. These anomalies would be produced by partial melting in lower crust and possibly in the asthenospheric zone next to Andean Range. Another elongate anomaly (possibly of graphitic nature) is shown in the study region. It seems to be a marginal fault following the border between The Sierras Pampeanas dynamic zone and the South American craton. Magnetotelluric results indicate the study region can be considered as divided in a dynamic belt next to Andean Range and a cratonic zone eastward. The dynamic zone presents a well developed lower crust, with conductances ranging 300-4300 Siemens and depths of about 20-30 km. An asthenosphere close to the Andes with 1000 Siemens of conductance at 74 km depth is also observable. Heat flows of 63-70 mW/m2 are estimated next to Andes and 48 mW/m2, eastward, close to South American platform. The cratonic zone presents a first conductive layer with a conductance of 270 Siemens underneath BUL sounding site, but it does not seem to present lateral development. An intermediate conductive layer is also present in this region, but it does not have so much development. Therefore, this layer would not have asthenospheric character; so, the lithosphere would be tied to upper mantle. Heat flows ranging 40-35 mW/m2 were estimated for this cratonic region.

Lessons for the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure : international case study analysis

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-01-01

This report presents a RAND analysis of international collaboration for the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure (GSDI). Ten in-depth international and regional collaboration case studies were conducted to assess lessons learned for GSDI development an...

Prospective Assessment of Cannabis Withdrawal in Adolescents with Cannabis Dependence: A Pilot Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Milin, Robert; Manion, Ian; Dare, Glenda; Walker, Selena

2008-01-01

A study to identify and assess the withdrawal symptoms in adolescents afflicted with cannabis dependence is conducted. Results conclude that withdrawal symptoms of cannabis were present in adolescents seeking treatment for this substance abuse.

Optimizing Staffing levels and Schedules for Railroad Dispatching Centers

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-09-01

This report presents the results of a study to explore approaches to establishing staffing levels and schedules for railroad dispatchers. The : work was conducted as follow-up to a prior study that found fatigue among dispatchers, particularly those ...

Greenhouse gas emission impacts of carsharing in North America

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-06-01

This report presents the results of a study evaluating the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission changes that result from individuals participating in a carsharing organization. In this study, the authors conducted a survey of carsharing members across the c...

ATMOSPHERIC TRANSFORMATION OF DIESEL EMISSIONS

EPA Science Inventory

The investigators anticipate successfully conducting a complex study to characterize the atmospheric transformations of DE under the influence of sunlight, O3, radicals, and organic compounds. It is hope that this study will present novel results on the atmospheric aging of...

Investigation of electrophysical properties of allotropic modifications of carbon in the range of temperatures 140-400 K

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goshev, A. A.; Eseev, M. K.; Volkov, A. S.; Lyah, N. L.

2017-09-01

The paper presents the results of the investigation of allotropic modifications of carbon (coal, graphite, fullerenes, CNTs. Dependences of conductivity on the field frequency in the temperature range 140-400 K are presented. The characteristic features associated with the structure and types of hybridization are revealed. Calculation of the activation energy of carriers was performed. As well article presents experimental study of electrical properties of polymeric composites, reinforced different types of allotropic modifications of carbon (CNTs, graphite, fullerenes, coal) in alternating electrical field in frequency band from 0.01 Hz to 10 MHz. The threshold of percolation of polymer composites with various types of additives and their influence for conduction properties was estimated.

OPTIMIZED REAL-TIME CONTROL OF COMBINED SEWERAGE SYSTEMS: TWO CASE STUDIES

EPA Science Inventory

The paper presents results of two case studies of Real-Time Control (RTC) alternatives evaluations that were conducted on portions of sewerage systems near Paris, France and in Quebec City, Canada, respectively. The studies were performed at real-scale demonstration sites. RTC ...

Results of the 1978 NACUBO Comparative Performance Study and Investment Questionnaire.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dresner, Bruce M.

Information from the 1978 Comparative Performance Study and investment questionnaire conducted by the National Association of College and University Business Officers is presented. One hundred forty-four institutions provided information about 164 investment pools. The Comparative Performance Study provides participating institutions with…

Methodological proposal for studying suicide as a complex phenomenon.

PubMed

Minayo, Maria Cecília de Souza; Cavalcante, Fátima Gonçalves; de Souza, Edinilsa Ramos

2006-08-01

The authors present a methodological proposal for studying suicide and suicide attempts from a combined socio-anthropological, epidemiological, and psychosocial perspective. This interdisciplinary and complex research model simultaneously examined individual, socioeconomic, historical/cultural, and population data as few studies have succeeded to date. Considering that the present study was conducted in a specific social reality, the authors created a methodological approach to comprehend the effects of a crisis in an industrial restructuring process in a mining company town in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, that was associated with unusually high suicide rates. Since it referred to a small geographic area (with only 100,000 inhabitants), the research is considered an ideal case study. The authors created different strategies to trace the local epidemiological profile, adapted a psychosocial autopsy technique to elucidate suicide cases and a psychosocial harm assessment technique to comprehend suicide attempts, and conducted a local analysis of the socio-cultural context. The methods proposed here (with advantages and limitations) proved productive for elucidating the study hypothesis.

Use of 3-D magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography in detecting human cerebral stroke: a simulation study*

PubMed Central

Gao, Nuo; Zhu, Shan-an; He, Bin

2005-01-01

We have developed a new three dimensional (3-D) conductivity imaging approach and have used it to detect human brain conductivity changes corresponding to acute cerebral stroke. The proposed Magnetic Resonance Electrical Impedance Tomography (MREIT) approach is based on the J-Substitution algorithm and is expanded to imaging 3-D subject conductivity distribution changes. Computer simulation studies have been conducted to evaluate the present MREIT imaging approach. Simulations of both types of cerebral stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, were performed on a four-sphere head model. Simulation results showed that the correlation coefficient (CC) and relative error (RE) between target and estimated conductivity distributions were 0.9245±0.0068 and 8.9997%±0.0084%, for hemorrhagic stroke, and 0.6748±0.0197 and 8.8986%±0.0089%, for ischemic stroke, when the SNR (signal-to-noise radio) of added GWN (Gaussian White Noise) was 40. The convergence characteristic was also evaluated according to the changes of CC and RE with different iteration numbers. The CC increases and RE decreases monotonously with the increasing number of iterations. The present simulation results show the feasibility of the proposed 3-D MREIT approach in hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke detection and suggest that the method may become a useful alternative in clinical diagnosis of acute cerebral stroke in humans. PMID:15822161

Magnetoacoustic Tomography with Magnetic Induction (MAT-MI) for Breast Tumor Imaging: Numerical Modeling and Simulation

PubMed Central

Zhou, Lian; Li, Xu; Zhu, Shanan; He, Bin

2011-01-01

Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) was recently introduced as a noninvasive electrical conductivity imaging approach with high spatial resolution close to ultrasound imaging. In the present study, we test the feasibility of the MAT-MI method for breast tumor imaging using numerical modeling and computer simulation. Using the finite element method, we have built three dimensional numerical breast models with varieties of embedded tumors for this simulation study. In order to obtain an accurate and stable forward solution that does not have numerical errors caused by singular MAT-MI acoustic sources at conductivity boundaries, we first derive an integral forward method for calculating MAT-MI acoustic sources over the entire imaging volume. An inverse algorithm for reconstructing the MAT-MI acoustic source is also derived with spherical measurement aperture, which simulates a practical setup for breast imaging. With the numerical breast models, we have conducted computer simulations under different imaging parameter setups and all the results suggest that breast tumors that have large conductivity contrast to its surrounding tissues as reported in literature may be readily detected in the reconstructed MAT-MI images. In addition, our simulations also suggest that the sensitivity of imaging breast tumors using the presented MAT-MI setup depends more on the tumor location and the conductivity contrast between the tumor and its surrounding tissues than on the tumor size. PMID:21364262

The relationship between conduct symptoms and the recognition of emotions in non-clinical adolescents.

PubMed

Halász, József; Áspán, Nikoletta; Bozsik, Csilla; Gádoros, Júlia; Inántsy-Pap, Judit

2013-01-01

In adult individuals with antisocial personality disorder, impairment in the recognition of fear seems established. In adolescents with conduct disorder (antecedent of antisocial personality disorder), only sporadic data were assessed, but literature data indicate alterations in the recognition of emotions. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between emotion recognition and conduct symptoms in non-clinical adolescents. 53 adolescents participated in the study (13-16 years, boys, n=29, age 14.7±0.2 years; girls, n=24, age=14.7±0.2 years) after informed consent. The parent version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess behavioral problems. The recognition of six basic emotions was established by the "Facial expressions of emotion-stimuli and tests", while Raven IQ measures were also performed. Compared to boys, girls showed significantly better performance in the recognition of disgust (p<0.035), while no significant difference occurred in the recognition of other emotions. In boys, Conduct Problems score was inversely correlated with the recognition of fear (Spearman R=-0.40, p<0.031) and overall emotion recognition (Spearman R=-0.44, p<0.015), while similar correlation was not present in girls. The relationship between the recognition of emotions and conduct problems might indicate an important mechanism in the development of antisocial behavior.

Alternating current conduction studies on polypyrrole-iron nanocomposite at room temperature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, T. G. Naveen; Megha, R.; Revanasiddappa, M.; Ravikiran, Y. T.; Kumari, S. C. Vijaya

2018-05-01

In the present work, Polypyrrole (PPy) and Polypyrrole-Iron (PPy-Fe) nanocomposite were synthesized separately by chemical polymerisation method and then they were structurally characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The alternate current (AC) response characteristics at room temperature of PPy and the composite were comparatively studied in the frequency range 100Hz-1MHz. The real part of conductivities of both PPy and the composite were interpreted as power law of frequency and the frequency exponent s was found to lie in the range 0< s<1 in both the cases. The nanocomposite has shown significant improvement in conductivity as compared to PPy.

Armchair and zigzag nanoribbons of gold and silver: A DFT study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kapoor, Pooja; Sharma, Munish; Kumar, Ashok; Ahluwalia, P. K.

2018-04-01

This paper presents the results from a DFT-based computational study of structural and electronic properties of zigzag and armchair edge shaped nanoribbons of gold and silver in hexagonal phase. The cohesive energy of the considered nanoribbons are found to be more than the corresponding 2D counterpart, thereby, suggesting Au and Ag nanoribbons to be more stable in 1D as compared to 2D. All nanoribbons are found to be metallic with a modulation in quantum ballistic conductance with length and edge type of the nanoribbon. Au nanoribbons are found to have higher conductance than Ag nanoribbon. There is increase in conductance with increase in length of nanoribbon.

Experimental and analytical assessment of the thermal behavior of spiral bevel gears

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Handschuh, Robert F.; Kicher, Thomas P.

1995-01-01

An experimental and analytical study of spiral bevel gears operating in an aerospace environment has been performed. Tests were conducted within a closed loop test stand at NASA Lewis Research Center. Tests were conducted to 537 kW (720 hp) at 14,400 rpm. The effects of various operating conditions on spiral bevel gear steady state and transient temperature are presented. Also, a three-dimensional analysis of the thermal behavior was conducted using a nonlinear finite element analysis computer code. The analysis was compared to the experimental results attained in this study. The results agreed well with each other for the cases compared and were no more than 10 percent different in magnitude.

ADHD in the Arab World: A Review of Epidemiologic Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farah, Lynn G.; Fayyad, John A.; Eapen, Valsamma; Cassir,Youmna; Salamoun, Mariana M.; Tabet, Caroline C.; Mneimneh, Zeina N.; Karam, Elie G.

2009-01-01

Objective: Epidemiological studies on psychiatric disorders are quite rare in the Arab World. This article reviews epidemiological studies on ADHD in all the Arab countries. Method: All epidemiological studies on ADHD conducted from 1966 through th present were reviewed. Samples were drawn from the general community, primary care clinical…

An Examination of the Developmental Propensity Model of Conduct Problems

PubMed Central

Rhee, Soo Hyun; Friedman, Naomi P.; Corley, Robin P.; Hewitt, John K.; Hink, Laura K.; Johnson, Daniel P.; Watts, Ashley K. Smith; Young, Susan E.; Robinson, JoAnn; Waldman, Irwin D.; Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn

2015-01-01

The present study tested specific hypotheses advanced by the developmental propensity model of the etiology of conduct problems in the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study, a prospective, longitudinal, genetically informative sample. High negative emotionality, low behavioral inhibition, low concern and high disregard for others, and low cognitive ability assessed during toddlerhood (age 14 to 36 months) were examined as predictors of conduct problems in later childhood and adolescence (age 4 to 17 years). Each hypothesized antisocial propensity dimension predicted conduct problems, but some predictions may be context specific or due to method covariance. The most robust predictors were observed disregard for others (i.e., responding to others’ distress with active, negative responses such as anger and hostility), general cognitive ability, and language ability, which were associated with conduct problems reported by parents, teachers, and adolescents, and change in observed negative emotionality (i.e., frustration tolerance), which was associated with conduct problems reported by teachers and adolescents. Furthermore, associations between the most robust early predictors and later conduct problems were influenced by the shared environment rather than genes. We conclude that shared environmental influences that promote disregard for others and detract from cognitive and language development during toddlerhood also predispose individuals to conduct problems in later childhood and adolescence. The identification of those shared environmental influences common to early antisocial propensity and later conduct problems is an important future direction, and additional developmental behavior genetic studies examining the interaction between children’s characteristics and socializing influences on conduct problems are needed. PMID:26653135

Conduct symptoms and emotion recognition in adolescent boys with externalization problems.

PubMed

Aspan, Nikoletta; Vida, Peter; Gadoros, Julia; Halasz, Jozsef

2013-01-01

In adults with antisocial personality disorder, marked alterations in the recognition of facial affect were described. Less consistent data are available on the emotion recognition in adolescents with externalization problems. The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between the recognition of emotions and conduct symptoms in adolescent boys with externalization problems. Adolescent boys with externalization problems referred to Vadaskert Child Psychiatry Hospital participated in the study after informed consent (N = 114, 11-17 years, mean = 13.4). The conduct problems scale of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (parent and self-report) was used. The performance in a facial emotion recognition test was assessed. Conduct problems score (parent and self-report) was inversely correlated with the overall emotion recognition. In the self-report, conduct problems score was inversely correlated with the recognition of anger, fear, and sadness. Adolescents with high conduct problems scores were significantly worse in the recognition of fear, sadness, and overall recognition than adolescents with low conduct scores, irrespective of age and IQ. Our results suggest that impaired emotion recognition is dimensionally related to conduct problems and might have importance in the development of antisocial behavior.

A feasibility study for advanced technology integration for general aviation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kohlman, D. L.; Matsuyama, G. T.; Hawley, K. E.; Meredith, P. T.

1980-01-01

An investigation was conducted to identify candidate technologies and specific developments which offer greatest promise for improving safety, fuel efficiency, performance, and utility of general aviation airplanes. Interviews were conducted with general aviation airframe and systems manufacturers and NASA research centers. The following technologies were evaluated for use in airplane design tradeoff studies conducted during the study: avionics, aerodynamics, configurations, structures, flight controls, and propulsion. Based on industry interviews and design tradeoff studies, several recommendations were made for further high payoff research. The most attractive technologies for use by the general aviation industry appear to be advanced engines, composite materials, natural laminar flow airfoils, and advanced integrated avionics systems. The integration of these technologies in airplane design can yield significant increases in speeds, ranges, and payloads over present aircraft with 40 percent to 50 percent reductions in fuel used.

Effect of nanochitosan and succinonitrile on the AC ionic conductivity of plasticized nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes (PNCSPE)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karuppasamy, K.; Vani, C. Vijil; Nichelson, A.; Balakumar, S.; Shajan, X. Sahaya

2013-06-01

In the present study, the filler chitosan was converted into nanochitosan by ionotropic gelation method. Plasticized nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes (PNCSPE) composed of poly ethylene oxide as host polymer, LiBOB (lithium bis(oxalatoborate)) as salt, SN as plasticizer and nanochitosan as filler were prepared by membrane hot-press technique. Succinonitrile and nanochitosan incorporation in PEO-LiBOB matrix enhanced the room temperature ionic conductivity. The highest ionic conductivities were found to be in the order of 10-3.2 S/cm.

Thermal Diffusivity and Conductivity in Ceramic Matrix Fiber Composite Materials - Literature Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

R.G. Quinn

A technical literature review was conducted to gain an understanding of the state of the art method, problems, results, and future of thermal diffusivity/conductivity of matrix-fiber composites for high temperature applications. This paper summarizes the results of test method development and theory. Results from testing on various sample types are discussed with concentration on the anisotropic characteristics of matrix-fiber composites, barriers to heat flow, and notable microstructure observations. The conclusion presents some observations from the technical literature, drawbacks of current information and discusses potential needs for future testing.

Report on Focus Groups Conducted for the Prichard Committee for Academic Excellence and the Partnership for Kentucky School Reform.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Rona; Kay, Steve

Findings of a study that explored focus group participants' views on public schools and Kentucky's recent education reform efforts are presented in this document. In May 1992, 7 focus groups, with a total of 70 participants, were conducted at 6 locations throughout Kentucky. Three groups consisted of citizens who were not public school employees,…

A survey of electric and hybrid vehicles simulation programs. Volume 2: Questionnaire responses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bevan, J.; Heimburger, D. A.; Metcalfe, M. A.

1978-01-01

The data received in a survey conducted within the United States to determine the extent of development and capabilities of automotive performance simulation programs suitable for electric and hybrid vehicle studies are presented. The survey was conducted for the Department of Energy by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Volume 1 of this report summarizes and discusses the results contained in Volume 2.

Peridynamic thermal diffusion

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oterkus, Selda; Madenci, Erdogan, E-mail: madenci@email.arizona.edu; Agwai, Abigail

This study presents the derivation of ordinary state-based peridynamic heat conduction equation based on the Lagrangian formalism. The peridynamic heat conduction parameters are related to those of the classical theory. An explicit time stepping scheme is adopted for numerical solution of various benchmark problems with known solutions. It paves the way for applying the peridynamic theory to other physical fields such as neutronic diffusion and electrical potential distribution.

E-Learning in European Higher Education Institutions: Results of a Mapping Survey Conducted in October-December 2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaebel, Michael; Kupriyanova, Veronika; Morais, Rita; Colucci, Elizabeth

2014-01-01

The present study on e-learning intends to contribute to closing a data gap and to stimulate the discussion on the further development of national and European policies on the issue and to support its systematic institutional take-up. It draws upon a survey conducted by the European University Association between October and December 2013. 249…

The Association between Early Conduct Problems and Early Marijuana Use in College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Falls, Benjamin J.; Wish, Eric D.; Garnier, Laura M.; Caldeira, Kimberly M.; O'Grady, Kevin E.; Vincent, Kathryn B.; Arria, Amelia M.

2011-01-01

Early conduct problems have been linked to early marijuana use in adolescence. The present study examines this association in a sample of 1,076 college students that was divided into three groups: (1) early marijuana users (began marijuana use prior to age 15; N = 126), (2) late marijuana users (began marijuana use at or after age 15; N = 607),…

Thermal conductivity study of warm dense matter by differential heating on LCLS and Titan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hill, M.; McKelvey, A.; Jiang, S.; Shepherd, R.; Hau-Riege, S.; Whitley, H.; Sterne, P.; Hamel, S.; Collins, G.; Ping, Y.; Brown, C.; Floyd, E.; Fyrth, J.; Hoarty, D.; Hua, R.; Bailly-Grandvaux, M.; Beg, F.; Cho, B.; Kim, M.; Lee, J.; Lee, H.; Galtier, E.

2017-10-01

A differential heating platform has been developed for thermal conduction study, where a temperature gradient is induced and subsequent heat flow is probed by time-resolved diagnostics. Multiple experiment using this platform have been carried out at LCLS-MEC and Titan laser facilities for warm dense Al, Fe, amorphous carbon and diamond. Two single-shot time-resolved diagnostics are employed, SOP (streaked optical pyrometry) for surface temperature and FDI (Fourier Domain Interferometry) for surface expansion. Both diagnostics provided excellent data to constrain release equation-of-state (EOS) and thermal conductivity. Data sets with varying target thickness and comparison between simulations with different thermal conductivity models are presented. This work was performed under DOE contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 with support from DOE OFES Early Career program and LLNL LDRD program.

Atrial flutter with 1:1 conduction in undiagnosed Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

PubMed

Nelson, Jessie G; Zhu, Dennis W

2014-05-01

Atrial flutter with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction via an accessory pathway is an uncommon presentation of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome not previously reported in the emergency medicine literature. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, a form of ventricular preexcitation sometimes initially seen and diagnosed in the emergency department (ED), can present with varied tachydysrhythmias for which certain treatments are contraindicated. For instance, atrial fibrillation with preexcited conduction needs specific consideration of medication choice to avoid potential degeneration into ventricular fibrillation. We describe an adult female presenting with a very rapid, regular wide complex tachycardia successfully cardioverted in the ED followed by a normal electrocardiogram (ECG). Electrophysiology study confirmed atrial flutter with 1:1 conduction and revealed an accessory pathway consistent with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, despite lack of ECG findings of preexcitation during sinus rhythm. Why should an emergency physician be aware of this? Ventricular tachycardia must be the first consideration in patients with regular wide complex tachycardia. However, clinicians should consider atrial flutter with 1:1 conduction related to an accessory pathway when treating patients with the triad of very rapid rate (>250 beats/min), wide QRS complex, and regular rhythm, especially when considering pharmacologic treatment. Emergency physicians also should be aware of electrocardiographically concealed accessory pathways, and that lack of delta waves does not rule out preexcitation syndromes such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bauer, Stephen J.; Urquhart, Alexander

Reconsolidated crushed salt is being considered as a backfilling material placed upon nuclear waste within a salt repository environment. In-depth knowledge of thermal and mechanical properties of the crushed salt as it reconsolidates is critical to thermal/mechanical modeling of the reconsolidation process. An experimental study was completed to quantitatively evaluate the thermal conductivity of reconsolidated crushed salt as a function of porosity and temperature. The crushed salt for this study came from the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). In this work the thermal conductivity of crushed salt with porosity ranging from 1% to 40% was determined from room temperature upmore » to 300°C, using two different experimental methods. Thermal properties (including thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat) of single-crystal salt were determined for the same temperature range. The salt was observed to dewater during heating; weight loss from the dewatering was quantified. The thermal conductivity of reconsolidated crushed salt decreases with increasing porosity; conversely, thermal conductivity increases as the salt consolidates. The thermal conductivity of reconsolidated crushed salt for a given porosity decreases with increasing temperature. A simple mixture theory model is presented to predict and compare to the data developed in this study.« less

Genetic and environmental risk factors in adolescent substance use.

PubMed

Silberg, Judy; Rutter, Michael; D'Onofrio, Brian; Eaves, Lindon

2003-07-01

The present study was undertaken with the goal of understanding the causes of association between substance use and both conduct disturbance (CD) and depression in adolescent boys and girls. Multivariate genetic structural equation models were fitted to multi-informant, multi-wave, longitudinal data collected in extensive home interviews with parents and children with respect to 307 MZ male, 392 MZ female, 185 DZ male, and 187 DZ female, same-sex twin pairs aged 12-17 years from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (VTSABD). Although conduct disturbance and depression were moderately associated with substance use, the pattern of genetic and environmental risk differed for males and females and across the two disorders. Genetic factors were predominant in girls' substance use whereas boys' use was mediated primarily by shared environmental factors reflecting family dysfunction and deviant peers. The patterns of correlations across the two waves of the study were consistent with conduct disturbance leading to substance use in both males and females, but depression leading to smoking, drug use and, to a lesser extent, alcohol use in girls. The comorbidity between substance use and depression, and between substance use and conduct disturbance in childhood/adolescence, probably reflects rather different mediating mechanisms--as well as a different time frame, with conduct disturbance preceding substance use but depression following it. In both, the co-occurrence partially reflected a shared liability but, in girls, genetic influences played an important role in the comorbidity involving depression, whereas in both sexes (but especially in boys) environmental factors played a substantial role. The extent to which these differences reflect genuine differences in the causal mechanisms underlying substance use and CD/depression in boys and girls revealed in the present analysis awaits replication from studies of other general population samples.

Numerical study of electrical transport in co-percolative metal nanowire-graphene thin-films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Man Prakash; Kumar, Satish

2016-11-01

Nanowires-dispersed polycrystalline graphene has been recently explored as a transparent conducting material for applications such as solar cells, displays, and touch-screens. Metal nanowires and polycrystalline graphene play synergetic roles during the charge transport in the material by compensating for each other's limitations. In the present work, we develop and employ an extensive computational framework to study the essential characteristics of the charge transport not only on an aggregate basis but also on individual constituents' levels in these types of composite thin-films. The method allows the detailed visualization of the percolative current pathways in the material and provides the direct evidence of current crowding in the 1-D nanowires and 2-D polygraphene sheet. The framework is used to study the effects of several important governing parameters such as length, density and orientation of the nanowires, grain density in polygraphene, grain boundary resistance, and the contact resistance between nanowires and graphene. We also present and validate an effective medium theory based generalized analytical model for the composite. The analytical model is in agreement with the simulations, and it successfully predicts the overall conductance as a function of several parameters including the nanowire network density and orientation and graphene grain boundaries. Our findings suggest that the longer nanowires (compared to grain size) with low angle orientation (<40°) with respect to the main carrier transport direction provide significant advantages in enhancing the conductance of the polygraphene sheet. We also find that above a certain value of grain boundary resistance (>60 × intra-grain resistance), the overall conductance becomes nearly independent of grain boundary resistance due to nanowires. The developed model can be applied to study other emerging transparent conducting materials such as nanowires, nanotubes, polygraphene, graphene oxide, and their hybrid nanostructures.

Psychosocial profile of institutionalised street children in Alexandria, Egypt: a comparative study with school children.

PubMed

Attia, Medhat S; Tayel, Kholoud Y; Shata, Zeinab N; Othman, Sally S

2017-09-01

The phenomenon of street children in Egypt constitutes a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of institutionalised street children in Alexandria, to compare the prevalence of substance abuse and conduct disorder between street children and school children, and to identify predictors of these mental health outcomes among street children. Institutionalised street children (n = 102) participated in a cross-sectional comparative study with a matched group of school children (n = 156). An interviewing questionnaire was used to assess demographic characteristics and substance use. Conduct disorder was measured using the Revised Ontario Child Health study scale. Poverty, family breakdown, and domestic violence were the main reasons for street children having left home. Street children recorded significantly higher rates of substance use (9.8%) and conduct disorder (35.3%) compared to school children. In street children, smoking was a significant predictor of substance use and conduct disorder. Other predictors of conduct disorder included physical illness and having 5 to 7 siblings. Substance abuse and conduct disorder were present among institutionalised street children at higher rates than school children. Absence of basic life needs and disrupted families constituted the main reasons for leaving home. Interventions at the governmental and non-governmental levels are needed.

Effect of Surfactant Type and Sonication Energy on the Electrical Conductivity Properties of Nanocellulose-CNT Nanocomposite Films.

PubMed

Siljander, Sanna; Keinänen, Pasi; Räty, Anna; Ramakrishnan, Karthik Ram; Tuukkanen, Sampo; Kunnari, Vesa; Harlin, Ali; Vuorinen, Jyrki; Kanerva, Mikko

2018-06-20

We present a detailed study on the influence of sonication energy and surfactant type on the electrical conductivity of nanocellulose-carbon nanotube (NFC-CNT) nanocomposite films. The study was made using a minimum amount of processing steps, chemicals and materials, to optimize the conductivity properties of free-standing flexible nanocomposite films. In general, the NFC-CNT film preparation process is sensitive concerning the dispersing phase of CNTs into a solution with NFC. In our study, we used sonication to carry out the dispersing phase of processing in the presence of surfactant. In the final phase, the films were prepared from the dispersion using centrifugal cast molding. The solid films were analyzed regarding their electrical conductivity using a four-probe measuring technique. We also characterized how conductivity properties were enhanced when surfactant was removed from nanocomposite films; to our knowledge this has not been reported previously. The results of our study indicated that the optimization of the surfactant type clearly affected the formation of freestanding films. The effect of sonication energy was significant in terms of conductivity. Using a relatively low 16 wt. % concentration of multiwall carbon nanotubes we achieved the highest conductivity value of 8.4 S/cm for nanocellulose-CNT films ever published in the current literature. This was achieved by optimizing the surfactant type and sonication energy per dry mass. Additionally, to further increase the conductivity, we defined a preparation step to remove the used surfactant from the final nanocomposite structure.

Etiology of strokes and hemiplegia in children presenting at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.

PubMed

Siddiqui, Tahir Saeed; Rehman, Anis ur; Ahmed, Basharat

2006-01-01

Strokes in pediatric age group are not common. However diagnosing the cause of stroke will help in providing preventive and curative treatment. Present study was conducted to find etiology of strokes/hemiplegia in children. This study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from December 2002 to December 2005. All children from two months to fifteen years of age were included in the study. Children with weakness due to acute poliomyelitis and Guillan barre syndrome were excluded. Investigations were based on findings on history and clinical examination and included full blood count, PT, APTT, Platelets count, ECG, Echocardiography, hematocrit, lumber puncture with CSF analysis and culture and CT-scan skull. Data of all the patients presenting with strokes/hemiplegia was entered on prepared proforma. The main etiology of strokes was intracranial infection causing strokes in 23(56.09%)children and majority of children (78.26%) in this group were below five years. Etiology was un-known in 7(17.07%) children after necessary available investigations. Intracranial infection Infections that is meningitis and encephalitis are commonest etiology of strokes and hemiplegia in paediatrics patients presenting at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad.

Description and evaluation of the information transfer workshop series "Coal hydrology in Virginia"

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hufschmidt, Peter W.

1984-01-01

A series of workshops was conducted in September, 1982, by staff of the Virginia Office, Mid-Atlantic District of the U.S.-Geological Survey for the benefit of coal operators, consultants, and resource managers in the coal-producing area of southwest Virginia. The purpose of the workshop series was to present hydrologic information and data by the U.S. Geological Survey collected during four years of study of the. coal hydrology of Virginia. The workshop series was held one day a week for three weeks at two locations within southwest Virginia in order to reduce travel time and overnight travel costs for participants. Results of an independently conducted questionnaire indicate the series was a success. The report summarizes the workshop preparation, organization, and presentation, and gives general conclusions and suggestions for those interested in conducting workshops.

Preparation for Scaling Studies of Ice-Crystal Icing at the NRC Research Altitude Test Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Struk, Peter M.; Bencic, Timothy J.; Tsao, Jen-Ching; Fuleki, Dan; Knezevici, Daniel C.

2013-01-01

This paper describes experiments conducted at the National Research Council (NRC) of Canadas Research Altitiude Test Facility between March 26 and April 11, 2012. The tests, conducted collaboratively between NASA and NRC, focus on three key aspects in preparation for later scaling work to be conducted with a NACA 0012 airfoil model in the NRC Cascade rig: (1) cloud characterization, (2) scaling model development, and (3) ice-shape profile measurements. Regarding cloud characterization, the experiments focus on particle spectra measurements using two shadowgraphy methods, cloud uniformity via particle scattering from a laser sheet, and characterization of the SEA Multi-Element probe. Overviews of each aspect as well as detailed information on the diagnostic method are presented. Select results from the measurements and interpretation are presented which will help guide future work.

An Integrated View of Whole-Tree Hydraulic Architecture. Does Stomatal or Hydraulic Conductance Determine Whole Tree Transpiration?

PubMed Central

Rodríguez-Gamir, Juan; Primo-Millo, Eduardo; Forner-Giner, María Ángeles

2016-01-01

Hydraulic conductance exerts a strong influence on many aspects of plant physiology, namely: transpiration, CO2 assimilation, growth, productivity or stress response. However we lack full understanding of the contribution of root or shoot water transport capacity to the total water balance, something which is difficult to study in trees. Here we tested the hypothesis that whole plant hydraulic conductance modulates plant transpiration using two different seedlings of citrus rootstocks, Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. and Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort ex Tan.). The two genotypes presented important differences in their root or shoot hydraulic conductance contribution to whole plant hydraulic conductance but, even so, water balance proved highly dependent on whole plant conductance. Further, we propose there is a possible equilibrium between root and shoot hydraulic conductance, similar to that between shoot and root biomass production, which could be related with xylem anatomy. PMID:27223695

Quantum transport in antidot arrays in magnetic fields

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishizaka, Satoshi; Nihey, Fumiyuki; Nakamura, Kazuo; Sone, Jun' Ichi; Ando, Tsuneya

1995-04-01

Transport in antidot arrays in magnetic fields is studied numerically. We calculate the density of states and conductivity tensor by the self-consistent Born approximation. Although peak positions of the density of states agree well with the quantization condition for several short periodic orbits, the behavior of the conductivity tensor is very complicated. Coupling among the periodic orbits causes an oscillation in the Hall conductivity in magnetic fields around the localized peak. In low magnetic fields, the skipping orbit, which runs from an antidot to its neighboring antidot, plays a crucial role for diagonal conductivity, and its coupling with the periodic orbits causes an oscillation in the diagonal conductivity. The resulting magnetoresistance oscillates with a period near one magnetic flux quantum as observed in recent experiments. Furthermore, the oscillation due to the manifestation of Hofstadter's butterfly is present in both the diagonal conductivity and the Hall conductivity.

Percolation behaviour in the magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity in conducting magnetic - Insulating non magnetic binary composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McLachlan, David S.; Doyle, Terence B.; Sauti, Godfrey

2018-07-01

Experimental results of the complex magnetic permeability (μ) and the electrical conductivity (σ) of a granular paramagnetic Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG: 0.3-26 vol%) and Teflon (PTFE) system are presented and discussed in relation to previously published (conductivity) and unpublished (permeability) studies on granular Fe3O4 - talc and Ni - talc wax systems. In these systems plots of the real conductivity (σm‧) against the volume fraction (φ) lie on characteristic sigmoid curves that when fitted to the Two Exponent Phenomenological Percolation Equation (TEPPE) confirm the existence of "percolation microstructures" with critical volume fractions (φc). The plots of the real and imaginary permeability (μm‧) and (μm″) satisfactorily fit to the TEPPE using the φc obtained in each case from the "conductivity" measurements. In all three cases the conductivity results gave the exponent t > 2, and the permeability results gave t < 1.

Conductive properties of methanogenic biofilms.

PubMed

Li, Cheng; Lesnik, Keaton Larson; Liu, Hong

2018-02-01

Extracellular electron transfer between syntrophic partners needs to be efficiently maintained in methanogenic environments. Direct extracellular electron transfer via electrical current is an alternative to indirect hydrogen transfer but requires construction of conductive extracellular structures. Conductive mechanisms and relationship between conductivity and the community composition in mixed-species methanogenic biofilms are not well understood. The present study investigated conductive behaviors of methanogenic biofilms and examined the correlation between biofilm conductivity and community composition between different anaerobic biofilms enriched from the same inoculum. Highest conductivity observed in methanogenic biofilms was 71.8±4.0μS/cm. Peak-manner response of conductivity upon changes over a range of electrochemical potentials suggests that electron transfer in methanogenic biofilms occurs through redox driven super-exchange. The strong correlation observed between biofilm conductivity and Geobacter spp. in the metabolically diverse anaerobic communities suggests that the efficiency of DEET may provide pressure for microbial communities to select for species that can produce electrical conduits. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Quantitative Correlational Study: Emotional Intelligence and Project Outcomes among Hispanics in Technology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trejo, Arturo

2013-01-01

The present quantitative correlational research study explored relationships between Emotional Intelligence (EI) competencies, such as self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management, and project management outcomes: scope creep, in-budget project cost, and project timeliness. The study was conducted within the…

Women's Studies Collections: A Checklist Evaluation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bolton, Brooke A.

2009-01-01

A checklist evaluation on thirty-seven Women's Studies programs conducted using the individual institutions' online public access catalogs (OPACs) is presented. Although Women's Studies collections are very difficult to build, an evaluation of existing programs shows that collections, for the most part, have managed substantial coverage of the…

Epidemiology study at a South Carolina Beach impacted by stormwater runoff

EPA Science Inventory

EPA conducted an epidemiological study in the summer of 2009. Among the selection criteria for the study location was that beach water quality was affected primarily by stormwater runoff. Preliminary findings from the summer's research will be presented. This abstract does not ne...

Rail-Highway Crossing Resource Allocation Procedure. User's Guide. 2nd edition.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-01-01

This report presents findings from a customer satisfaction study conducted in Cobb County, Georgia. The primary hypothesis of this study is that it is possible to develop customer satisfaction measures that are a reliable determinant of roadway quali...

Simulation study of the ROMPS robot control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nguyen, Charles C.; Liu, HUI-I.

1994-01-01

This is a report presenting the progress of a research grant funded by NASA for work performed from June 1, 1993 to August 1, 1993. The report deals with the Robot Operated Material Processing System (ROMPS). It presents results of a computer simulation study conducted to investigate the performance of the control systems controlling the azimuth, elevation, and radial axes of the ROMPS and its gripper. Four study cases are conducted. The first case investigates the control of free motion of the three areas. In the second case, the compliant motion in the elevation axis with the wrist compliant device is studied in terms of position accuracy and impact forces. The third case focuses on the behavior of the control system in controlling the robot motion along the radial axis when pulling the pallet out of the rack. In the fourth case, the compliant motion of the gripper grasping a solid object under the effect of the gripper passive compliance is studied in terms of position accuracy and contact forces. For each of the above cases, a set of PIR gains will be selected to optimize the controller performance and computer simulation results will be presented and discussed.

Developmental transitions in presentations of externalizing problems among boys and girls at risk for child maltreatment.

PubMed

Villodas, Miguel T; Litrownik, Alan J; Thompson, Richard; Jones, Deborah; Roesch, Scott C; Hussey, Jon M; Block, Stephanie; English, Diana J; Dubowitz, Howard

2015-02-01

The present study examined the impact of children's maltreatment experiences on the emergence of externalizing problem presentations among children during different developmental periods. The sample included 788 youth and their caregivers who participated in a multisite, prospective study of youth at-risk for maltreatment. Externalizing problems were assessed at ages 4, 8, and 12, and symptoms and diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder were assessed at age 14, during interviews with youth and caregivers. Information about maltreatment allegations was coded from official records. Latent transition analysis identified three groups of youth with similar presentations of externalizing problems ("well adjusted," "hyperactive/oppositional," and "aggressive/rule-breaking") and transitions between groups from ages 4, 8, and 12. A "defiant/deceitful" group also emerged at age 12. Girls were generally more likely to present as well adjusted than boys. Children with recent physical abuse allegations had an increased risk for aggressive/rule-breaking presentations during the preschool and preadolescent years, while children with sexual abuse or neglect allegations had lower probabilities of having well-adjusted presentations during middle childhood. These findings indicate that persistently severe aggressive conduct problems, which are related to the most concerning outcomes, can be identified early, particularly among neglected and physically and sexually abused children.

Friedreich's Ataxia

MedlinePlus

... the disorder include: electromyogram (EMG), which measures the electrical activity of muscle cells, nerve conduction studies, which ... ECG), which gives a graphic presentation of the electrical activity or beat pattern of the heart, echocardiogram, ...

Periodic MHD flow with temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity past an isothermal oscillating cylinder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmed, Rubel; Rana, B. M. Jewel; Ahmmed, S. F.

2017-06-01

Temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conducting heat and mass transfer flow with chemical reaction and periodic magnetic field past an isothermal oscillating cylinder have been considered. The partial dimensionless equations governing the flow have been solved numerically by applying explicit finite difference method with the help Compaq visual 6.6a. The obtained outcome of this inquisition has been discussed for different values of well-known flow parameters with different time steps and oscillation angle. The effect of chemical reaction and periodic MHD parameters on the velocity field, temperature field and concentration field, skin-friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number have been studied and results are presented by graphically. The novelty of the present problem is to study the streamlines by taking into account periodic magnetic field.

Moral judgment and conduct disorder intensity in adolescents involved in delinquency: matching controls by school grade.

PubMed

Chudzik, Lionel

2007-08-01

Most studies that have found associations between delinquency and moral judgment generally compare incarcerated juveniles with adolescents in normal schooling. However, this comparison is subject to two criticisms. First, a large number of adolescents in school who are not charged with any crime in the legal system are still involved in unlawful behaviour. Second, adolescents involved with delinquency often have difficulties at school. The aim of the present study was to measure this association by matching a sample of adolescents involved with delinquency (n=18, M age=15.8, SD=1.1) to adolescents not involved in delinquency (n=42, M age=15.8, SD=0.8) according to their school grade and Conduct Disorder Intensity as measured by a self-report index using DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Participants who met four or more criteria were assigned to the High Conduct Disorder group (n=28), and the rest were assigned to the Low Conduct Disorder group (n=32). Their level of moral judgment was evaluated with the French version of the Sociomoral Reflection Measure-Short Form by Gibbs, Basinger, and Fuller, inspired by Kohlberg's model of moral development. Findings demonstrate that in both samples, adolescents in the High Conduct Disorder group presented moral judgment that was significantly less mature than that of adolescents in the Low Conduct Disorder group. However, the majority of participants in the Low Conduct Disorder group also scored low on the Sociomoral Reflection Measure-Short Form, suggesting more immature moral judgment. The bias introduced by the mode of recruitment in most comparisons of adolescents involved with delinquency to adolescents with no delinquency problems is discussed, and an argument is made for the importance of analysing moral judgment development within a framework of general cognitive development.

Development of flight experiment task requirements. Volume 1: Summary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hatterick, G. R.

1972-01-01

A study was conducted to develop the means to identify skills required of scientist passengers on advanced missions related to the space shuttle and RAM programs. The scope of the study was defined to include only the activities of on-orbit personnel which are directly related to, or required by, on-orbit experimentation and scientific investigations conducted on or supported by the shuttle orbiter. A program summary is presented which provides a description of the methodology developed, an overview of the activities performed during the study, and the results obtained through application of the methodology.

Quality of water and time of travel in part of Tillatoba Creek basin, Mississippi, October 1974 to September 1980

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bednar, Gene A.

1981-01-01

A 6-year quality-of-water and time-of-travel study was conducted during the construction phase of a flood-water protection and flood prevention project in a 118 square mile area of Tillatoba Creek basin in northwest Mississippi. Weekly suspended sediment, daily discharge, time of travel, nutrient, biochemical oxygen demand, bacteria and field data were collected. The study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Soil Conservation Service. The results of the study are presented in graphs and tables without interpretation. (USGS)

Calculation and experimental study on high-speed impact of heat-resistant coating materials with a meteoric particle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Glazunov, Anatoly; Ishchenko, Aleksandr; Afanas'eva, Svetlana; Belov, Nikolai; Burkin, Viktor; Rogaev, Konstantin; Yugov, Nikolai

2016-01-01

The given article presents the conducted calculation and experimental study on destruction of heat-resistant coating material of an aircraft in the process of high-speed interaction of the steel spherical projectile. The projectile is imitating a meteoric particle. The study was conducted in the wide range of velocities. The mathematical behavioral model of heat-resistant coating under high-speed impact was developed. The interaction of ameteoric particle with an element of the protective structure has especially individual character and depends on impact velocity and angle, materials of the interacting solids.

Practical Issues of Conducting a Q Methodology Study: Lessons Learned From a Cross-cultural Study.

PubMed

Stone, Teresa Elizabeth; Maguire, Jane; Kang, Sook Jung; Cha, Chiyoung

This article advances nursing research by presenting the methodological challenges experienced in conducting a multination Q-methodology study. This article critically analyzes the relevance of the methodology for cross-cultural and nursing research and the challenges that led to specific responses by the investigators. The use of focus groups with key stakeholders supplemented the Q-analysis results. The authors discuss practical issues and shared innovative approaches and provide best-practice suggestions on the use of this flexible methodology. Q methodology has the versatility to explore complexities of contemporary nursing practice and cross-cultural health research.

A study of methods for lowering aerial environmental survey cost

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stansberry, J. R.

1973-01-01

The results are presented of a study of methods for lowering the cost of environmental aerial surveys. A wide range of low cost techniques were investigated for possible application to current pressing urban and rural problems. The objective of the study is to establish a definition of the technical problems associated with conducting aerial surveys using various low cost techniques, to conduct a survey of equipment which may be used in low cost systems, and to establish preliminary estimates of cost. A set of candidate systems were selected and described for the environmental survey tasks.

Teaching Grammar: The Use of The English Auxiliary "BE" Present Tense Verb among Malaysian Form 4 and Form 5 Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jishvithaa, Joanna M.; Tabitha, M.; Kalajahi, Seyed Ali Rezvani

2013-01-01

This research paper aims to explore the usage of the English Auxiliary "Be" Present Tense Verb, using corpus based method among Malaysian form 4 and form 5 students. This study is conducted by identifying and classifying the types of errors in the Auxiliary "Be" Present Tense verb in students' compositions from the MCSAW corpus…

A study of deterioration of pulmonary function parameters among smokers and recovery among ex-smokers in bus depot workers.

PubMed

Sreenivas, B Sudha; Sunitha, M S; Nataraj, S M; Dhar, Murali

2012-01-01

Smoking has deleterious effects on Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) parameters; however, evidences about recovery in ex-smokers are ambiguous. Therefore present study was conducted to quantify relative deterioration of PFT parameters and to assess reversibility of the same. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 84 bus-depot workers consisting of equal number of smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers. PFT observations were obtained using Medspiror following standard methods and precautions. Comparisons among three groups were performed employing one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests. There were substantial effects of smoking on PFT parameters (deterioration was up-to half). Partial recovery was found in all the parameters of ex-smokers. Frequency and duration of smoking were negatively correlated with some of the parameters. In conclusion, present study has demonstrated considerable deterioration of PFT parameters in smokers and indications of recovery in ex-smokers. Further detailed study with larger sample size and stricter definition of ex-smokers is recommended.

Defects and Transport in Lithium Niobium Trioxide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mehta, Apurva

1990-01-01

This dissertation presents work done on characterizing the defects and transport properties of congruent LiNbO _3. The focus of the study is the high temperature (800^circC to 1000^circC) equilibrium defect structure. The majority defects are described in terms of the 'LiNbO_3-ilmenite' defect model previously presented (26). Here the emphasis is placed on quantifying the defect concentrations. Congruent LiNbO_3 is highly nonstoichiometric. The large concentration of ionic defects present are mobile and contribute to electrical conduction. The ionic conduction was separated from the total conduction using defect chemistry and the transference number thus obtained was checked against the transference number obtained in a galvanic cell measurement. LiNbO_3 is an insulator (band gap = 4 eV). Hence one assumes that almost all of the conduction electrons are created by reduction. The degree of oxygen nonstoichiometry, a measure of the extent of chemical reduction, and the electron concentrations, were quantified as a function of oxygen partial pressure and the temperature by coulometric titration. The nonstoichiometry thus obtained was compared with nonstoichiometry obtained by TGA measurements. By fixing the phase composition of the sample in a buffered system, a set of constant composition measurements could be undertaken. These constant composition measurements were used to obtain the enthalpy of formation of conduction electrons, 1.95 eV, and the hopping energy for their motion at elevated temperatures, 0.55 eV, independently. The sum of the two energies was obtained by measuring the temperature dependence of the electronic conduction. The sum of the energies was found to be in excellent agreement with the energy obtained from equilibrium conduction. In conclusion, a quantitative and self-consistent picture of defects and their migration in LiNbO _3 was obtained.

BASINS and WEPP Climate Assessment Tools (CAT): Case ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This draft report supports application of two recently developed water modeling tools, the BASINS and WEPP climate assessment tools. The report presents a series of short case studies designed to illustrate the capabilities of these tools for conducting scenario based assessments of the potential future effects of climate change on water resources. This report presents a series of short, illustrative case studies using the BASINS and WEPP climate assessment tools.

Use of tandem circulation wells to measure hydraulic conductivity without groundwater extraction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goltz, Mark N.; Huang, Junqi; Close, Murray E.; Flintoft, Mark J.; Pang, Liping

2008-09-01

Conventional methods to measure the hydraulic conductivity of an aquifer on a relatively large scale (10-100 m) require extraction of significant quantities of groundwater. This can be expensive, and otherwise problematic, when investigating a contaminated aquifer. In this study, innovative approaches that make use of tandem circulation wells to measure hydraulic conductivity are proposed. These approaches measure conductivity on a relatively large scale, but do not require extraction of groundwater. Two basic approaches for using circulation wells to measure hydraulic conductivity are presented; one approach is based upon the dipole-flow test method, while the other approach relies on a tracer test to measure the flow of water between two recirculating wells. The approaches are tested in a relatively homogeneous and isotropic artificial aquifer, where the conductivities measured by both approaches are compared to each other and to the previously measured hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. It was shown that both approaches have the potential to accurately measure horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity for a relatively large subsurface volume without the need to pump groundwater to the surface. Future work is recommended to evaluate the ability of these tandem circulation wells to accurately measure hydraulic conductivity when anisotropy and heterogeneity are greater than in the artificial aquifer used for these studies.

Coated carbon nanotube array electrodes

DOEpatents

Ren, Zhifeng; Wen, Jian; Chen, Jinghua; Huang, Zhongping; Wang, Dezhi

2006-12-12

The present invention provides conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode materials comprising aligned CNT substrates coated with an electrically conducting polymer, and the fabrication of electrodes for use in high performance electrical energy storage devices. In particular, the present invention provides conductive CNTs electrode material whose electrical properties render them especially suitable for use in high efficiency rechargeable batteries. The present invention also provides methods for obtaining surface modified conductive CNT electrode materials comprising an array of individual linear, aligned CNTs having a uniform surface coating of an electrically conductive polymer such as polypyrrole, and their use in electrical energy storage devices.

Coated carbon nanotube array electrodes

DOEpatents

Ren, Zhifeng [Newton, MA; Wen, Jian [Newton, MA; Chen, Jinghua [Chestnut Hill, MA; Huang, Zhongping [Belmont, MA; Wang, Dezhi [Wellesley, MA

2008-10-28

The present invention provides conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode materials comprising aligned CNT substrates coated with an electrically conducting polymer, and the fabrication of electrodes for use in high performance electrical energy storage devices. In particular, the present invention provides conductive CNTs electrode material whose electrical properties render them especially suitable for use in high efficiency rechargeable batteries. The present invention also provides methods for obtaining surface modified conductive CNT electrode materials comprising an array of individual linear, aligned CNTs having a uniform surface coating of an electrically conductive polymer such as polypyrrole, and their use in electrical energy storage devices.

Biochemical synthesis of water soluble conducting polymers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bruno, Ferdinando F.; Bernabei, Manuele

2016-05-01

An efficient biomimetic route for the synthesis of conducting polymers/copolymers complexed with lignin sulfonate and sodium (polystyrenesulfonate) (SPS) will be presented. This polyelectrolyte assisted PEG-hematin or horseradish peroxidase catalyzed polymerization of pyrrole (PYR), 3,4 ethyldioxithiophene (EDOT) and aniline has provided a route to synthesize water-soluble conducting polymers/copolymers under acidic conditions. The UV-vis, FTIR, conductivity and cyclic voltammetry studies for the polymers/copolymer complex indicated the presence of a thermally stable and electroactive polymers. Moreover, the use of water-soluble templates, used as well as dopants, provided a unique combination of properties such as high electronic conductivity, and processability. These polymers/copolymers are nowadays tested/evaluated for antirust features on airplanes and helicopters. However, other electronic applications, such as photovoltaics, for transparent conductive polyaniline, actuators, for polypyrrole, and antistatic films, for polyEDOT, will be proposed.

Who dares to join a parabolic flight?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Montag, Christian; Zander, Tina; Schneider, Stefan

2016-12-01

Parabolic flights represent an important tool in space research to investigate zero gravity on airplanes. Research on these flights often target psychological and biological processes in humans to investigate if and how we can adapt to this unique environment. This research is costly, hard to conduct and clearly heavily relies on humans participating in experiments in this (unnatural) situation. The present study investigated N =66 participants and N =66 matched control persons to study if participants in such experimental flights differ in terms of their personality traits from non-parabonauts. The main finding of this study demonstrates that parabonauts score significantly lower on harm avoidance, a trait closely linked to being anxious. As anxious humans differ from non-anxious humans in their biology, the present observations need to be taken into account when aiming at the generalizability of psychobiological research findings conducted in zero gravity on parabolic flights.

Maintaining Research Integrity While Balancing Cultural Sensitivity: A Case Study and Lessons From the Field.

PubMed

Sibbald, Rebekah; Loiseau, Bethina; Darren, Benedict; Raman, Salem A; Dimaras, Helen; Loh, Lawrence C

2016-04-01

Contemporary emphasis on creating culturally relevant and context specific knowledge increasingly drives researchers to conduct their work in settings outside their home country. This often requires researchers to build relationships with various stakeholders who may have a vested interest in the research. This case study examines the tension between relationship development with stakeholders and maintaining study integrity, in the context of potential harms, data credibility and cultural sensitivity. We describe an ethical breach in the conduct of global health research by a arising from the ad-hoc participation of a community stakeholder external to the visiting research group. A framework for reflection is developed from a careful examination of underlying factors and presented with a discussion of consequences and mitigation measures. This framework aims to present lessons learned for researchers working abroad who might face similar situations in their work. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Effects of TiO2 and ZrO2 nanofillers in LiBOB based PVdF/PVC composite polymer electrolytes (CPE)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aravindan, V.; Vickraman, P.

2007-11-01

A novel type of lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB) synthesized by the solid-state reaction method has been presented. LiBOB composite polymer electrolytes (CPE) prepared with dispersions of TIO2/ZrO2with various concentrations into the host blend matrices of poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVdF)-poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and ac impedance measurements. The plasticizing agent selected for the present study is a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) for the phase separated morphology of the studied polymers. The impedance studies on CPE membranes identify that membranes, with 2.5 wt% of fillers, have enhanced conductivities of 5.43 × 10-4 S cm-1 and 4.38 × 10-4 S cm-1, respectively, for TiO2 and ZrO2 at ambient temperature. The XRD investigations confirm that the membranes with filler levels exceeding the limit of 2.5 wt% show a gradual increase in the degree of crystallinity, rendering them less conducting. The activation energy calculations also highlight variations in conductivities of all the membranes.

A Cry for Help and Protest: Self-Immolation in Young Kurdish Iraqi Women -A Qualitative Study.

PubMed

Amin, Pakestan Mohammad; Mirlashari, Jila; Nikbakht Nasrabadi, Alireza

2018-01-01

Suicide is a major psychiatric emergency that has always been a topic of great interest to researchers. Self-immolation is a heinous suicide method that is common in Eastern societies. The present study was conducted to explore probable issues which might lead to self-immolation in young Kurdish Iraqi women. The present qualitative study was conducted in Soran, Erbil Governorate in Iraq, and the surrounding villages of Soran District (March 2015 to May 2016). Using purposive sampling, we conducted 24 in-depth interviews with women who had done self-immolation. The obtained data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. The analysis of the data obtained from the interviews led to the extraction of five categories which seems to be related to self-immolation attempts, including not having control over personal life, marital conflicts, seeking attention, instilling guilt in the family members, and resentment towards male dominant community. Self-immolation is a multidimensional phenomenon that has not come to exist overnight and is rooted in various factors that join to encourage self-immolation attempts by women in critical situations. Comprehensive preventive strategies, such as cultural changes, along with education are required to help lower the rate of self-immolation.

A Present Absence: Undergraduate Course Outlines and the Development of Student Creativity across Disciplines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marquis, Elizabeth; Radan, Kaila; Liu, Alexandra

2017-01-01

While recent scholarship has suggested that colleges and universities have an obligation to help cultivate students' creativity, existing evidence suggests that this priority is infrequently and imperfectly realized in practice. In order to further examine the potential prevalence of this gap, the present study conducted a qualitative analysis of…

A Framework for Socio-Scientific Issues Based Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Presley, Morgan L.; Sickel, Aaron J.; Muslu, Nilay; Merle-Johnson, Dominike; Witzig, Stephen B.; Izci, Kemal; Sadler, Troy D.

2013-01-01

Science instruction based on student exploration of socio-scientific issues (SSI) has been presented as a powerful strategy for supporting science learning and the development of scientific literacy. This paper presents an instructional framework for SSI based education. The framework is based on a series of research studies conducted in a diverse…

Social Utility versus Social Desirability of Students' Attributional Self-Presentation Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matteucci, Maria Cristina

2014-01-01

Research on impression management has shown that students can manage their social images by providing attributional self-presentation strategies (ASPSs). Based on the distinction between social desirability judgments and social utility judgments, two studies were conducted to examine the students' understanding of the impact of ASPSs both on…

Multiple-Stage Screening of Youth Depression in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morey, Melissa E.; Arora, Prerna; Stark, Kevin D.

2015-01-01

Schools present a unique environment in which to conduct universal screenings for youth depression. The present study examines the efficiency of a multiple-stage assessment procedure assessing youth depression in the schools by calculating hit rates and establishing diagnostic accuracy for the measures used. Girls (N = 3318) aged 8 to 13,…

A Model for Strengthening Collaborative Research Capacity: Illustrations from the Atlanta Clinical Translational Science Institute

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodgers, Kirsten C.; Akintobi, Tabia; Thompson, Winifred Wilkins; Evans, Donoria; Escoffery, Cam; Kegler, Michelle C.

2014-01-01

Introduction: Community-engaged research is effective in addressing health disparities but may present challenges for both academic institutions and community partners. Therefore, the need to build capacity for conducting collaborative research exists. The purpose of this study is to present a model for building research capacity in…

A Graphical Presentation to Teach the Concept of the Fourier Transform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Besalu, E.

2006-01-01

A study was conducted to visualize the reason why the Fourier transform technique is useful to detect the originating frequencies of a complicated superposition of waves. The findings reveal that students respond well when instructors adapt pictorial presentation to show how the time-domain function is transformed into the frequency domain.

Semantic Processing in the Production of Numerals across Notations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Herrera, Amparo; Macizo, Pedro

2012-01-01

In the present work, we conducted a series of experiments to explore the processing stages required to name numerals presented in different notations. To this end, we used the semantic blocking paradigm previously used in psycholinguist studies. We found a facilitative effect of the semantic blocked context relative to the mixed context for Arabic…

Enhancing Students' Communication Skills through Problem Posing and Presentation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sugito; E. S., Sri Mulyani; Hartono; Supartono

2017-01-01

This study was to explore how enhance communication skill through problem posing and presentation method. The subjects of this research were the seven grade students Junior High School, including 20 male and 14 female. This research was conducted in two cycles and each cycle consisted of four steps, they were: planning, action, observation, and…

Needs Assessment of Female Street Kids: Children in Danger.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ivers, Kathryn J.; Carlson, Helena M.

This report presents an assessment of the situation of homeless girls, paying particular attention to the issue of juvenile prostitution. A review of research on prostitutes was conducted, and common elements that seem to present themselves in these studies are identified, including sexual and/or physical abuse, runaway/throwaway status,…

Search for extraterrestrial intelligence/high resolution microwave survey team member

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steffes, Paul G.

1993-01-01

This semiannual status report describes activities conducted by the Principal Investigator during the first half of this third year of the NASA High Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS) Investigator Working Group (IWG). As a (HRMS) Team Member with primary interest in the Sky Survey activity, this investigator attended IWG meetings at NASA/Ames and U.C.-Santa Cruz in Apr. and Aug. 1992, and has traveled independently to NRAO/Kitt Peak, Arizona (April 1993) and Woodbury, Georgia (July 1993). During the July 1993 visit to the Georgia Tech Research Corporation/Woodbury Research Facility, an experiment was conducted to study the effects of interference from C-band (3.7 - 4.2 GHz) geostationary spacecraft on the Sky Survey operation in that band. At the first IWG meeting in April of this year, results of a SETI observation conducted at the 203 GHz positronium hyperfine resonance using the NRAO facility at Kitt Peak, AZ, were presented, as well as updates on the development of the spaceborne RFI data bases developed for the project. At the second meeting, results of the study of interference from C-band geostationary spacecraft were presented. Likewise, a presentation was made at the accompanying 1993 Bioastronomy Symposium describing the SETI observation at the positronium hyperfine resonance.

Crew interface definition study, phase 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callihan, J. C.; Kraemer, J. W.; Alles, J. A.

1971-01-01

The timeline analysis of the Shuttle orbiter missions which was conducted in the Phase I Crew Interface Definition Study and the requirements for the man-in-the-loop simulation study are presented. Mission definitions and objectives are presented as they relate to various Shuttle Orbiter missions. The requirements for crew participation and the information required by the crew are discussed, and finally the rationale behind the display concept and calling procedures is given. The simulation objectives, the simulation mechanization, including a detailed presentation of the display and control concept, the simulator test plan and the results are discussed.

How to Make Reliable, Washable, and Wearable Textronic Devices

PubMed Central

Tao, Xuyuan; Koncar, Vladan; Huang, Tzu-Hao; Shen, Chien-Lung; Ko, Ya-Chi; Jou, Gwo-Tsuen

2017-01-01

In this paper, the washability of wearable textronic (textile-electronic) devices has been studied. Two different approaches aiming at designing, producing, and testing robust washable and reliable smart textile systems are presented. The common point of the two approaches is the use of flexible conductive PCB in order to interface the miniaturized rigid (traditional) electronic devices to conductive threads and tracks within the textile flexible fabric and to connect them to antenna, textile electrodes, sensors, actuators, etc. The first approach consists in the use of TPU films (thermoplastic polyurethane) that are deposited by the press under controlled temperature and pressure parameters in order to protect the conductive thread and electrical contacts. The washability of conductive threads and contact resistances between flexible PCB and conductive threads are tested. The second approach is focused on the protection of the whole system—composed of a rigid electronic device, flexible PCB, and textile substrate—by a barrier made of latex. Three types of prototypes were realized and washed. Their reliabilities are studied. PMID:28338607

Photodetectors based on single-walled carbon nanotubes and thiamonomethinecyanine J-aggregates on flexible substrates

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fedorov, I. V., E-mail: i-v-fedorov@mail.ru; Emel’yanov, A. V.; Romashkin, A. V.

2015-09-15

The present paper is devoted to observations of the photoresistive effect in multilayer structures with a sensitive layer of J-aggregates of thiamonomethinecyanine polymethine dye and a transparent electrode of a conductive carbon-nanotube network on a flexible polyethylenenaphtalate substrate. The effect of narrow-band emission with a wavelength of 465 nm on a change in the conductivity of the fabricated structures is studied. The prepared samples are studied by atomic-force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry methods. It is shown that these structures are photosensitive to the indicated spectral region, and the dye layer is a film of dye J-aggregates. The change inmore » the sample conductivity upon exposure to light one hundred times exceeds the dark conductivity. In general, the principal possibility of developing a photoresistive detector based on J-aggregates of cyanine dyes on flexible supports on account of the use of transparent and conductive carbon-nanotube layers is shown.« less

Study Habits and Academic Achievement of Kashmiri & Ladakhi Adolescent Girls: A Comparative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nadeem, N. A.; Puja, Javeed Ahamd; Bhat, Shabir Ahmad

2014-01-01

The present study was conducted to study the Study Habits and Academic Achievement of Adolescents girls in Jammu and Kashmir. 400 sample subjects were selected randomly from two ethnic groups' viz. Kashmiri and Ladakhi. The investigators used Palsane & Sharma's study habits inventory (PSSHI) to collect data from the field. Certain statistical…

Endothelial dysfunction and negative emotions in adolescent girls.

PubMed

Pajer, Kathleen; Hoffman, Robert; Gardner, William; Chang, Chien-Ni; Boley, David; Wang, Wei

2016-05-01

Endothelial dysfunction predicts adult cardiovascular disorder and may be associated with negative emotions in adolescents. This study was conducted to determine if hopelessness, hostility, and depressive, anxiety, or conduct disorders were associated with compromised endothelial function and whether those associations were mediated by health risk behaviors. Endothelial function, assessed through brachial artery reactive hyperemia, was measured in a psychopathology enriched sample of 60 15-18-year-old girls. The correlations between hopelessness, hostility, and depressive, anxiety, or conduct disorders and the percent change in forearm vascular resistance (PCFVR) were measured. Possible mediation effects of health risk behaviors were tested. Hopelessness was negatively associated with PCFVR, controlling for race and body mass index. Conduct disorder without any anxiety disorder was associated with better endothelial function. The other negative emotions were not associated with PCFVR. Risky health behaviors were associated with conduct disorder and hopelessness, but not with PCFVR, so there was no evidence of mediation. The main finding was that hopelessness in adolescent girls was associated with endothelial dysfunction. This may indicate that when present, hopelessness places a girl at risk for later cardiovascular disease, whether she has a psychiatric disorder or not. Possible mechanisms for this finding are examined and the surprising finding that conduct disorder is associated with better endothelial function is also discussed. Suggestions for future research are presented.

Relationships of Social Context and Identity to Problem Behavior among High-Risk Hispanic Adolescents

PubMed Central

Schwartz, Seth J.; Mason, Craig A.; Pantin, Hilda; Wang, Wei; Brown, C. Hendricks; Campo, Ana; Szapocznik, José

2008-01-01

The present study was designed to examine the extent to which (a) family and school functioning and (b) personal and ethnic identity is associated with conduct problems, drug use, and sexual risk taking in a sample of 227 high-risk Hispanic adolescents. Adolescents participated in the study with their primary parents, who were mostly mothers. Adolescents completed measures of family and school functioning, personal and ethnic identity, conduct problems, and drug use. Parents completed measures of family functioning and adolescent conduct problems. Results indicated that school functioning and personal identity confusion were related to alcohol use, illicit drug use, and sexual risk taking indirectly through adolescent reports of conduct problems. Adolescent reports of family functioning were related to alcohol use, illicit drug use, and sexual risk taking through school functioning and conduct problems. Results are discussed in terms of the problem behavior syndrome and in terms of the finding of relative independence of contextual and identity variables vis-à-vis conduct problems, substance use, and sexual risk taking. PMID:19412356

Maltreatment, the Oxytocin Receptor Gene, and Conduct Problems Among Male and Female Teenagers.

PubMed

Andreou, Dimitrios; Comasco, Erika; Åslund, Cecilia; Nilsson, Kent W; Hodgins, Sheilagh

2018-01-01

The oxytocin receptor gene ( OXTR ) influences human behavior. The G allele of OXTR rs53576 has been associated with both prosocial and maladaptive behaviors but few studies have taken account of environmental factors. The present study determined whether the association of childhood maltreatment with conduct problems was modified by OXTR rs53576 genotypes. In a general population sample of 1591 teenagers, conduct problems as well as maltreatment were measured by self-report. DNA was extracted from saliva samples. In males, there was a significant positive association between maltreatment and conduct problems independent of the genotype. In females, among G allele carriers, the level of conduct problems was significantly higher among those who had been maltreated as compared to those not maltreated. By contrast, among female AA carriers, conduct problems did not vary between those who were, and who were not, maltreated. The results indicate that OXTR rs53576 plays a role in antisocial behavior in females such that the G allele confers vulnerability for antisocial behavior if they experience maltreatment, whereas the A allele has a protective effect.

Maltreatment, the Oxytocin Receptor Gene, and Conduct Problems Among Male and Female Teenagers

PubMed Central

Andreou, Dimitrios; Comasco, Erika; Åslund, Cecilia; Nilsson, Kent W.; Hodgins, Sheilagh

2018-01-01

The oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) influences human behavior. The G allele of OXTR rs53576 has been associated with both prosocial and maladaptive behaviors but few studies have taken account of environmental factors. The present study determined whether the association of childhood maltreatment with conduct problems was modified by OXTR rs53576 genotypes. In a general population sample of 1591 teenagers, conduct problems as well as maltreatment were measured by self-report. DNA was extracted from saliva samples. In males, there was a significant positive association between maltreatment and conduct problems independent of the genotype. In females, among G allele carriers, the level of conduct problems was significantly higher among those who had been maltreated as compared to those not maltreated. By contrast, among female AA carriers, conduct problems did not vary between those who were, and who were not, maltreated. The results indicate that OXTR rs53576 plays a role in antisocial behavior in females such that the G allele confers vulnerability for antisocial behavior if they experience maltreatment, whereas the A allele has a protective effect. PMID:29623035

Explicit Argumentation Instruction to Facilitate Conceptual Understanding and Argumentation Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cetin, Pinar Seda

2014-01-01

Background: Argumentation is accepted by many science educators as a major component of science education. Many studies have investigated students' conceptual understanding and their engagement in argumentative activities. However, studies conducted in the subject of chemistry are very rare. Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the…

Evaluation of Emotional Literacy Activities: A Phenomenological Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oksuz, Yucel

2016-01-01

The present study aims to evaluate impact of the emotional literacy activities through participant student's experiences. Emotional literacy activities, including social-emotional skills Goleman's emotional intelligence and Fapuel's emotional literacy model designed and conducted for 2 months on primary school students, who study in 4th grade. The…

Promoting Oral Language Skills in Preschool Children through Sociodramatic Play in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rajapaksha, P. L. N. Randima

2016-01-01

Children best learn language through playful learning experiences in the preschool classroom. The present study focused on developing oral language skills in preschool children through a sociodramatic play intervention. The study employed a case study design under qualitative approach. The researcher conducted a sociodramatic play intervention…

Glendale Central Library Circulation Department Work Simplication Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Applegate, H. C.

an analyst from the staff of the City Manager of Glendale, California, conducted a work simplification study for the central library to adjust public service operations in the library's new quarters. This report presents the study's recommendations concerning the book circulation process. Following an outline of the organization and functions of…

Optimized Real-Time Control of Combined Sewerage Systems: Two Case Studies (Proceedings Paper)

EPA Science Inventory

The paper presents results of two case studies of Real-Time Control (RTC) alternatives evaluations that were conducted on portions of sewerage systems near Paris, France and in Quebec City, Canada, respectively. The studies were performed at real-scale demonstration sites. RTC al...

Overview and Evaluation of Alternative Air Quality ExposureMetrics Used in Recent Air Pollution Epidemiological Studies

EPA Science Inventory

This poster presents selected results from a few of these studies conducted and provides a summary of key findings and lessons learned and recommendations, in order to improve the use of enhanced exposure metrics during future epidemiological studies of air pollution.

Compendium of JTPA and Related Evaluation Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Employment and Training Administration (DOL), Washington, DC.

This document summarizes the findings of currently available evaluation studies of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) and other related reports and data. Data from 26 studies conducted between 1980 and 1986 are presented under the following subject headings: the state role (monitoring and oversight, policy interpretation and leadership,…

(PRESENTED NAQC SAN FRANCISCO, CA) COARSE PM METHODS STUDY: STUDY DESIGN AND RESULTS

EPA Science Inventory

Comprehensive field studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of sampling methods for measuring the coarse fraction of PM10 in ambient air. Five separate sampling approaches were evaluated at each of three sampling sites. As the primary basis of comparison, a discrete ...

Tracer Studies In A Laboratory Beach Subjected To Waves

EPA Science Inventory

This work investigated the washout of dissolved nutrients from beaches due to waves by conducting tracer studies in a laboratory beach facility. The effects of waves were studied in the case where the beach was subjected to the tide, and that in which no tidal action was present...

An Evaluation of Public Preferences for Superfund Site Cleanup, Volume II: Pilot Study (1995)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

In volume II, the authors present the detailed technical results of a pilot market research study that was conducted to determine preferences for the specific type and level of cleanup desired by the public at Superfund sites.

MARTA Tunnel Construction in Decatur Georgia -- A Case Study of Impacts

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-01-01

The focus of this report is on the assessment-forecasting relationship, namely, how to assess impacts and then to illustrate how those actual impacts could have been forecast. This report presents a case study conducted in Decatur, Georgia, in order ...

Using Large Data Sets to Study College Education Trajectories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oseguera, Leticia; Hwang, Jihee

2014-01-01

This chapter presents various considerations researchers undertook to conduct a quantitative study on low-income students using a national data set. Specifically, it describes how a critical quantitative scholar approaches guiding frameworks, variable operationalization, analytic techniques, and result interpretation. Results inform how…

A New Learning Approach: Flipped Classroom and Its Impacts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yildirim, Gürkan

2017-01-01

The aim of this study is to present opinions of undergraduate students towards Flipped Classroom (FC) practices and to determine their different aspects then traditional learning approaches. The case study approach is preferred to conduct the study. In this context, 34 volunteered students were included in the study group by purposive sampling…

The Changing Workforce. Highlights of the National Study, No. 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galinsky, Ellen; And Others

This report presents results of a nationally representative longitudinal study of nearly 3,400 workers. The study investigated the work and personal/family lives of workers, particularly with respect to recent rapid changes in the economy, layoffs, and downsizing. The study was conducted through a series of hour-long phone interviews. The study…

Educational Assessment Profile of Teachers in the Sultanate of Oman

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alkharusi, Hussain; Aldhafri, Said; Alnabhani, Hilal; Alkalbani, Muna

2014-01-01

This study builds on a previous pilot study conducted by Alkharusi, Aldhafri, Alnabhani, and Alkalbani (2012) to explore educational assessment attitudes, competence, knowledge, and practices of in-service teachers in the Sultanate of Oman. The present study extends the previous pilot study by surveying a larger sample of in-serivce teachers…

76 FR 55732 - Public Listening Sessions Regarding the Maritime Administration's Panama Canal Expansion Study...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-08

... infrastructure. The study is being conducted in four defined phases that are designed to present considerations... interpreter may submit their request at the time of registration at http://www.PanamaCanalStudy.com... Maritime Administration's Panama Canal Expansion Study and the America's Marine Highway Program AGENCY...

A Collaborative Inquiry to Promote Pedagogical Knowledge of Mathematics in Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moghaddam, Alireza; Sarkar Arani, Mohammad Reza; Kuno, Hiroyuki

2015-01-01

The present study attempts to report a collaborative cycle of professional development in teaching elementary school mathematics through lesson study. It explores a practice of lesson study conducted by teachers aiming to improve their knowledge of pedagogy. The study adopts an ethnographic approach to examine how collaborative teaching within an…

Satellite Power Systems (SPS) concept definition study, exhibit C. Volume 2, part 1: System engineering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hanley, G. M.

1979-01-01

Volume 2, Part 1, of a seven volume report is presented. Part 1 encompasses Satellite Power Systems (SPS) systems engineering aspects and is divided into three sections. The first section presents descriptions of the various candidate concepts considered and conclusions and recommendations for a preferred concept. The second section presents a summary of results of the various trade studies and analysis conducted during the course of the study. The third section describes the Photovoltaic Satellite Based Satellite Power System (SPS) Point Design as it was defined through studies performed during the period January 1977 through March 1979.

Solid-state proton conductors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jewulski, J. R.; Osif, T. L.; Remick, R. J.

1990-12-01

The purpose of this program was to survey the field of solid-state proton conductors (SSPC), identify conductors that could be used to develop solid-state fuel cells suitable for use with coal derived fuel gases, and begin the experimental research required for the development of these fuel cells. This document covers the following topics: the history of developments and current status of the SSPC, including a review of proton conducting electrolyte structures, the current status of the medium temperature SSPC development, electrodes for moderate temperature (SSPC) fuel cell, basic material and measurement techniques applicable for SSPC development, modeling, and optimization studies. Correlation and optimization studies are described which include correlation studies on proton conduction and oxide cathode optimization for the SSPC fuel cell. Experiments with the SSPC fuel cells are presented which include the fabrication of the electrolyte disks, apparatus for conducting measurements, the strontium-cerium based electrolyte, the barium-cerium based electrolyte with solid foil electrodes, the barium-cerium based electrolyte with porous electrodes, and conduction mechanisms.

Theory of the dynamical thermal conductivity of metals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhalla, Pankaj; Kumar, Pradeep; Das, Nabyendu; Singh, Navinder

2016-09-01

The Mori's projection method, known as the memory function method, is an important theoretical formalism to study various transport coefficients. In the present work, we calculate the dynamical thermal conductivity in the case of metals using the memory function formalism. We introduce thermal memory functions for the first time and discuss the behavior of thermal conductivity in both the zero frequency limit and in the case of nonzero frequencies. We compare our results for the zero frequency case with the results obtained by the Bloch-Boltzmann kinetic approach and find that both approaches agree with each other. Motivated by some recent experimental advancements, we obtain several new results for the ac or the dynamical thermal conductivity.

Meissner mechanism for the spin supercurrent and interplay between quantum phase transition and spin transport in the frustrated Heisenberg model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lima, Leonardo S.

2018-04-01

We have propose the Meissner mechanism for the spin supercurrent in quantum spin systems. Besides, we study the behavior of the AC spin conductivity in neighborhood of quantum phase transition in a frustrated spin model such as the antiferromagnet in the union jack lattice with single ion anisotropy at T = 0 . We investigate the spin conductivity for this model that presents exchange interactions J1 and J2 . Our results show a single peak for the conductivity with the height varying with the behavior of critical anisotropy Dc with J2 . We obtain the conductivity tending to zero in the limit ω → 0 .

Effect of ionizing radiation on structural and conductive properties of copper nanotubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zdorovets, M. V.; Borgekov, D. B.; Kenzhina, I. E.; Kozlovskiy, A. L.

2018-01-01

The use of electron radiation is an effective tool for stimulating a controlled modification of structural and conductive properties of nanomaterials in modern materials science. The paper presents the results of studies of the influence of various types of radiation on structural and conductive properties of copper nanotubes obtained by electrochemical synthesis in pores of templates based on polyethylene terephthalate. Such methods as SEM, X-ray diffraction and EDS show that irradiation with a stream of high-energy electrons with doses of 50-250 kGy makes it possible to modify the crystal structure of nanotubes, increasing their conductivity and decreasing the resistance of nanostructures without destroying the structure.

The Center for Star Formation Studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hollenbach, D.; Bell, K. R.; Laughlin, G.

2002-01-01

The Center for Star Formation Studies, a consortium of scientists from the Space Science Division at Ames and the Astronomy Departments of the University of California at Berkeley and Santa Cruz, conducts a coordinated program of theoretical research on star and planet formation. Under the directorship of D. Hollenbach (Ames), the Center supports postdoctoral fellows, senior visitors, and students; meets regularly at Ames to exchange ideas and to present informal seminars on current research; hosts visits of outside scientists; and conducts a week-long workshop on selected aspects of star and planet formation each summer.

Free-boundary toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Eugene Y.; Berk, H. L.; Breizman, B.; Zheng, L. J.

2011-05-01

A numerical study is presented for the n = 1 free-boundary toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAE) in tokamaks, which shows that there is considerable sensitivity of n = 1 modes to the position of the conducting wall. An additional branch of the TAE is shown to emerge from the upper continuum as the ratio of conducting wall radius to plasma radius increases. Such phenomena arise in plasma equilibria with both circular and shaped cross sections, where the shaped profile studied here is similar to that found in Alcator C-Mod.

Conducting Qualitative Research on Stigmatizing Conditions with Military Populations

PubMed Central

Lincoln, Martha L.; Ames, Genevieve M.; Moore, Roland S.

2016-01-01

This article addresses the conduct of qualitative research regarding sensitive or stigmatizing topics with military populations, and provides suggestions for implementing culturally responsive and effective data collection with these groups. Given high rates of underreporting of sensitive and stigmatizing conditions in the military, qualitative methods have potential to shed light on phenomena that are not well understood. Drawing on a study of U.S. Army National Guard personnel by civilian anthropologists, we present lessons learned and argue that the value of similar studies can be maximized by culturally responsive research design. PMID:27722033

Feasibility and effectiveness of electrochemical dermal conductance measurement for the screening of diabetic neuropathy in primary care. DECODING Study (Dermal Electrochemical Conductance in Diabetic Neuropathy). Rationale and design.

PubMed

Cabré, Juan J; Mur, Teresa; Costa, Bernardo; Barrio, Francisco; López-Moya, Charo; Sagarra, Ramon; García-Barco, Montserrat; Vizcaíno, Jesús; Bonaventura, Immaculada; Ortiz, Nicolau; Flores-Mateo, Gemma

2018-05-01

Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of polyneuropathy in the Western world. Diabetic neuropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes and may have great clinical transcendence due to pain and possible ulceration of the lower extremities. It is also a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Although the cause of polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes is only partially known, it has been associated with chronic hyperglycemia suggesting the possible etiopathogenic implication of advanced glycosylation end products. The strategy of choice in the medical management of diabetic neuropathy is early detection since glycaemic control and the use of certain drugs may prevent or slow the development of this disease. Diabetic neuropathy most often presents with a dysfunction of unmyelinated C-fibers, manifested as an alteration of the sweat reflex of the eccrine glands. This dysfunction can now be demonstrated using a newly developed technology which measures dermal electrochemical conductivity. This noninvasive test is easy and cost-effective. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of dermal electrochemical conductance measurement (quantitative expression of the sudomotor reflex) as a screening test for the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy in patients in primary care.

Current at domain walls, roughly speaking: nanoscales studies of disorder roughening and conduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paruch, Patrycja

2013-03-01

Domain walls in (multi)ferroic materials are the thin elastic interfaces separating regions with different orientations of magnetisation, electric polarisation, or spontaneous strain. Understanding their behaviour, and controlling domain size and stability, is key for their integration into applications, while fundamentally, domain walls provide an excellent model system in which the rich physics of disordered elastic interfaces can be accesses. In addition, domain walls can present novel properties, quite different from those of their parent materials, making them potentially useful as active components in future nano-devices. Here, we present our atomic force microscopy studies of ferroelectric domain walls in epitaxial Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 and BiFeO3 thin films, in which we use piezorespose force microscopy to show unusual domain wall roughening behaviour, with very localised disorder regions in the sample leading to a complex, multi-affine scaling of the domain wall shape. We also show the effects of temperature, environmental conditions, and defects on switching dynamics and domain wall roughness. We combine these observations with parallel conductive-tip atomic force microscopy current measurements, which also show highly localised variations in conduction, and highlight the key role played by oxygen vacancies in the observed domain wall conduction.

N-hexane neuropathy with vertigo and cold allodynia in a silk screen printer: A case study.

PubMed

Pradhan, Sunil; Tandon, Ruchika

2015-01-01

N-hexane neuropathy is an occupational disease caused by exposure to n-hexane, which is used as a solvent in silk screen printing. Here, we describe a 35-year-old man, a silk screen printer by profession, who presented with dizziness, distal swelling of both lower limbs for 10 months and tingling and burning sensation in both feet for 9.5 months along with cold allodynia. The patient had normal results of a motor and sensory system examination, apart from an impaired temperature sense. Nerve conduction tests showed a conduction block in bilateral common peroneal nerves and absence of conduction in bilateral sural nerves. These symptoms resolved when further exposure to n-hexane was ceased but cold allodynia remained. Thus, cold allodynia and impaired temperature sense can be a manifestation of n-hexane neuropathy. Hence, abnormalities on nerve conduction studies can be detected in n-hexane neuropathy patients, even before clinical examination detects any such abnormalities. In the case of the patients presenting with sensory motor neuropathy, history of occupational exposure to n-hexane becomes important, as the sooner the disease is detected, the better the chances of recovery. This work is available in Open Access model and licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 PL license.

Global Electromagnetic Imaging of Lithosphere and Upper Mantle from Space and Ground. Recent Results and Challenges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuvshinov, A. V.

2016-12-01

Electrical conductivity is one of the characteristic physical parameters of materials making up Earth's interior which is sensitive to variations of temperature, chemical composition, water content, and partial melt. As a consequence, estimating lithosphere and upper mantle (LUM) electrical conductivity structure is a potentially strong tool for mapping their chemistry, mineralogy and physical structure thus presenting a complementary method to seismic studies that focus on LUM elastic properties. Global electromagnetic (EM) studies, which provide information on LUM electrical conductivity, have attracted increasing interest during the last decade, mainly for three reasons. A primary reason is the recent growth in the amount of EM data available, especially from low-Earth orbiting magnetic satellite missions (Oersted, CHAMP, SAC-C, and Swarm). A second reason is the great interest in the characterization of the three-dimensional properties of Earth's interior on a global scale. Finally, the interest has also resulted from the significant methodological progress made during the last years in EM data analysis, forward modelling and inversion. In this talk I will summarize advances and challenges in EM data interpretation, and present recent global and regional models of LUM conductivity derived from satellite and ground-based data. I will also discuss possible topics for future research.

Electrical properties of epoxies used in hybrid microelectronics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stout, C. W.

1976-01-01

The electrical properties and basic characteristics of the structure of conductive epoxies were studied. The results of the experimental work performed to measure the electrical properties of epoxies are presented.

Comparisons of MOVES Light-duty Gasoline NOx Emission Rates with Real-world Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, D.; Sonntag, D.; Warila, J.

2017-12-01

Recent studies have shown differences between air quality model estimates and monitored values for nitrogen oxides. Several studies have suggested that the discrepancy between monitored and modeled values is due to an overestimation of NOx from mobile sources in EPA's emission inventory, particularly for light-duty gasoline vehicles. EPA's MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) is an emission modeling system that estimates emissions for cars, trucks and other mobile sources at the national, county, and project level for criteria pollutants, greenhouse gases, and air toxics. Studies that directly measure vehicle emissions provide useful data for evaluating MOVES when the measurement conditions are properly accounted for in modeling. In this presentation, we show comparisons of MOVES2014 to thousands of real-world NOx emissions measurements from individual light-duty gasoline vehicles. The comparison studies include in-use vehicle emissions tests conducted on chassis dynamometer tests in support of Denver, Colorado's Vehicle Inspection & Maintenance Program and remote sensing data collected using road-side instruments in multiple locations and calendar years in the United States. In addition, we conduct comparisons of MOVES predictions to fleet-wide emissions measured from tunnels. We also present details on the methodology used to conduct the MOVES model runs in comparing to the independent data.

The Shozu Herpes Zoster (SHEZ) study: rationale, design, and description of a prospective cohort study.

PubMed

Takao, Yukiko; Miyazaki, Yoshiyuki; Onishi, Fumitake; Kumihashi, Hideaki; Gomi, Yasuyuki; Ishikawa, Toyokazu; Okuno, Yoshinobu; Mori, Yasuko; Asada, Hideo; Yamanishi, Koichi; Iso, Hiroyasu

2012-01-01

The incidence and risk factors for herpes zoster have been studied in cross-sectional and cohort studies, although most such studies have been conducted in Western countries. Evidence from Asian populations is limited, and no cohort study has been conducted in Asia. We are conducting a 3-year prospective cohort study in Shozu County in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan to determine the incidence and predictive and immunologic factors for herpes zoster among Japanese. The participants are followed for 3 years, and a telephone survey is conducted every 4 weeks. The participants were assigned to 1 of 3 studies. Participants in study A gave information on past history of herpes zoster and completed health questionnaires. Study B participants additionally underwent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) skin testing, and study C participants additionally underwent blood testing. If the participants develop herpes zoster, we evaluate clinical symptoms, measure cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity using venous blood sampling, photograph skin areas with rash, conduct virus identification testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation from crust sampling, and evaluate postherpetic pain. We recruited 12 522 participants aged 50 years or older in Shozu County from December 2009 through November 2010. The participation rate was 65.7% of the target population. The present study is likely to provide valuable data on the incidence and predictive and immunologic factors for herpes zoster in a defined community-based population of Japanese.

The Shozu Herpes Zoster (SHEZ) Study: Rationale, Design, and Description of a Prospective Cohort Study

PubMed Central

Takao, Yukiko; Miyazaki, Yoshiyuki; Onishi, Fumitake; Kumihashi, Hideaki; Gomi, Yasuyuki; Ishikawa, Toyokazu; Okuno, Yoshinobu; Mori, Yasuko; Asada, Hideo; Yamanishi, Koichi; Iso, Hiroyasu

2012-01-01

Background The incidence and risk factors for herpes zoster have been studied in cross-sectional and cohort studies, although most such studies have been conducted in Western countries. Evidence from Asian populations is limited, and no cohort study has been conducted in Asia. We are conducting a 3-year prospective cohort study in Shozu County in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan to determine the incidence and predictive and immunologic factors for herpes zoster among Japanese. Methods The participants are followed for 3 years, and a telephone survey is conducted every 4 weeks. The participants were assigned to 1 of 3 studies. Participants in study A gave information on past history of herpes zoster and completed health questionnaires. Study B participants additionally underwent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) skin testing, and study C participants additionally underwent blood testing. If the participants develop herpes zoster, we evaluate clinical symptoms, measure cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity using venous blood sampling, photograph skin areas with rash, conduct virus identification testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation from crust sampling, and evaluate postherpetic pain. Results We recruited 12 522 participants aged 50 years or older in Shozu County from December 2009 through November 2010. The participation rate was 65.7% of the target population. Conclusions The present study is likely to provide valuable data on the incidence and predictive and immunologic factors for herpes zoster in a defined community-based population of Japanese. PMID:22343323

Effective masking levels for 500 and 2000 Hz bone conduction auditory steady state responses in infants and adults with normal hearing.

PubMed

Small, Susan A; Smyth, Aisling; Leon, Griselle

2014-01-01

Few studies have investigated effective masking levels (EMLs) needed to isolate the test ear for bone conduction assessments in infants. The objective of this study was to determine EMLs for 500 and 2000 Hz bone conduction auditory steady state responses (ASSRs) to amplitude (AM)/frequency-modulated (FM) stimuli for infants and adults with normal hearing. Maturational factors that contribute to infant-adult differences in EMLs will also be investigated. The present study and previously published 1000 and 4000 Hz EML data will be compared to investigate EML across four frequencies. These findings will provide a starting point for implementing clinical masking for infant bone conduction testing using physiological measures. Participants were 15 infants (7 to 35 weeks) and 15 adults (21 to 56 years) with normal hearing. Bone-conducted single ASSR stimuli (research MASTER) were 100% AM and 25% FM at 85 and 101 Hz for 500 and 2000 Hz carrier frequencies, respectively. They were presented at 25 and 35 dB HL for 500 Hz and at 35 and 45 dB HL for 2000 Hz for both infants and adults (approximately 10 and 20 dB SL at each frequency for infants). Air-conducted narrowband maskers were presented to both ears simultaneously. Real-ear to coupler differences were measured to account for differences in the sound pressure developed in infant and adult ear canals as a result of ear-canal size. Data analyses were conducted for mean EMLs across frequency (500 to 4000 Hz) and between age groups. Masked and unmasked ASSR amplitudes were compared for 500 and 2000 Hz. Both infants and adults required much more masking (25 to 33 dB) to eliminate responses at 500 compared with 2000 Hz. On average, infants required 16 dB more masking at 500 Hz and similar amounts of masking at 2000 Hz compared with adults. When adjusted for ear-canal size and bone conduction sensitivity, the pattern of results did not change. Across all four frequencies, infants showed a systematic decrease in mean EMLs with an increase in frequency; all pair-wise comparisons were significant except 2000 versus 4000 Hz. Adults showed smaller frequency-dependent changes in EML (only significantly greater for 500 versus 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz). When ear-canal size and bone conduction sensitivity were taken into account, only 500 Hz required more masking than other frequencies in infants; there were no significant frequency-dependent trends for adults, although the greater EMLs at 1000 versus 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz approached significance. Unmasked and masked amplitudes tended to be larger for 2000 Hz but not for 500 Hz when comparing infants with adults. EMLs appropriate for infants for bone conduction ASSRs elicited to AM/FM stimuli are considerably higher at 500 compared with 2000 Hz. Infants also need more masking at 500 Hz compared with adults but the same amount of masking at 2000 Hz. Comparisons across four frequencies reveal a systematic decrease in EML with an increase in frequency in infants, which is not apparent in adults. Recommended EMLs for AM/FM bone-conducted ASSR stimuli presented at 35 dB HL for 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, respectively, are: (1) infants: 81, 68, 59, and 45 dB SPL, and (2) adults: 66, 63, 59, and 55 dB SPL.

Patterns of source monitoring bias in incarcerated youths with and without conduct problems.

PubMed

Morosan, Larisa; Badoud, Deborah; Salaminios, George; Eliez, Stephan; Van der Linden, Martial; Heller, Patrick; Debbané, Martin

2018-01-01

Antisocial individuals present behaviours that violate the social norms and the rights of others. In the present study, we examine whether biases in monitoring the self-generated cognitive material might be linked to antisocial manifestations during adolescence. We further examine the association with psychopathic traits and conduct problems (CPs). Sixty-five incarcerated adolescents (IAs; M age = 15.85, SD = 1.30) and 88 community adolescents (CAs; M age = 15.78, SD = 1.60) participated in our study. In the IA group, 28 adolescents presented CPs (M age = 16.06, SD = 1.41) and 19 did not meet the diagnostic criteria for CPs (M age = 15.97, SD = 1.20). Source monitoring was assessed through a speech-monitoring task, using items requiring different levels of cognitive effort; recognition and source-monitoring bias scores (internalising and externalising biases) were calculated. Between-group comparisons indicate greater overall biases and different patterns of biases in the source monitoring. IA participants manifest a greater externalising bias, whereas CA participants present a greater internalising bias. In addition, IA with CPs present different patterns of item recognition. These results indicate that the two groups of adolescents present different types of source-monitoring bias for self-generated speech. In addition, the IAs with CPs present impairments in item recognition. Future studies may examine the developmental implications of self-monitoring biases in the perseverance of antisocial behaviours from adolescence to adulthood.

Ion conduction in crystalline superionic solids and its applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chandra, Angesh

2014-06-01

Superionic solids an area of multidisciplinary research activity, incorporates to study the physical, chemical and technological aspects of rapid ion movements within the bulk of the special class of ionic materials. It is an emerging area of materials science, as these solids show tremendous technological scopes to develop wide variety of solid state electrochemical devices such as batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, sensors, electrochromic displays (ECDs), memories, etc. These devices have wide range of applicabilities viz. power sources for IC microchips to transport vehicles, novel sensors for controlling atmospheric pollution, new kind of memories for computers, smart windows/display panels, etc. The field grew with a rapid pace since then, especially with regards to designing new materials as well as to explore their device potentialities. Amongst the known superionic solids, fast Ag+ ion conducting crystalline solid electrolytes are attracted special attention due to their relatively higher room temperature conductivity as well as ease of materials handling/synthesis. Ion conduction in these electrolytes is very much interesting part of today. In the present review article, the ion conducting phenomenon and some device applications of crystalline/polycrystalline superionic solid electrolytes have been reviewed in brief. Synthesis and characterization tools have also been discussed in the present review article.

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome Mimics a Conduction Disease

PubMed Central

Marrakchi, S.; Kammoun, I.; Kachboura, S.

2014-01-01

Background. It is important to recognise Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome in electrocardiograms (ECG), as it may mimic ischaemic heart disease, ventricular hypertrophy, and bundle branch block. Recognising WPW syndrome allows for risk stratification, the identification of associated conditions, and the institution of appropriate management. Objective. The present case showed that electrophysiological study is indicated in patients with abnormal ECG and syncope. Case Report. A 40-year-old man with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was presented to emergency with syncope. A baseline ECG was a complete right branch block and posterior left hemiblock. He was admitted to the cardiac care unit for pacemaker implantation. The atypical figure of complete right branch block and posterior left hemiblock was thought to be a “false positive” of conduction abnormality. But the long anterograde refractory period of the both accessory pathway and atrioventricular conduction may cause difficulty in diagnosing Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Conclusion. A Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome may mimic a conduction disease. No reliable algorithm exists for making an ECG diagnosis of a preexcitation syndrome with conduction disorders. This can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas in the context of syncope. PMID:25114686

High field conduction in Pb doped amorphous Se-Te system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anjali, Patial, Balbir Singh; Thakur, Nagesh

2018-05-01

In the present study, DC conductivity measurements of as-Se80-xTe20Pbx (x = 0, 1 and 2) glassy alloys are made in the temperature range 298-318 K and in the voltage range 0-180 V. Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics point toward ohmic behavior at low electric field and non-ohmic is observed at high electric field. The variation of ln(I/V) against V are nearly found straight curves but slope of these curves does not decrease linearly with temperature indicates that the space charge limited conduction (SCLC) is absent. Instead the linear relation between ln(I) and V1/2 confirms that the conduction is either Poole-Frenkel type or Schottky emission. A detailed analysis shows that the dominant mechanism is Poole-Frenkel type conduction.

Anhydrous Proton-Conducting Membranes for Fuel Cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Narayanan, Sekharipuram; Yen, Shiao-Pin S.

2005-01-01

Polymeric electrolyte membranes that do not depend on water for conduction of protons are undergoing development for use in fuel cells. Prior polymeric electrolyte fuel-cell membranes (e.g., those that contain perfluorosulfonic acid) depend on water and must be limited to operation below a temperature of 125 C because they retain water poorly at higher temperatures. In contrast, the present developmental anhydrous membranes are expected to function well at temperatures up to 200 C. The developmental membranes exploit a hopping-and-reorganization proton- conduction process that can occur in the solid state in organic amine salts and is similar to a proton-conduction process in a liquid. This process was studied during the 1970s, but until now, there has been no report of exploiting organic amine salts for proton conduction in fuel cells.

Quality control and conduct of genome-wide association meta-analyses

PubMed Central

Winkler, Thomas W; Day, Felix R; Croteau-Chonka, Damien C; Wood, Andrew R; Locke, Adam E; Mägi, Reedik; Ferreira, Teresa; Fall, Tove; Graff, Mariaelisa; Justice, Anne E; Luan, Jian'an; Gustafsson, Stefan; Randall, Joshua C; Vedantam, Sailaja; Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie; Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O; Scherag, André; Esko, Tonu; Kutalik, Zoltán; Heid, Iris M; Loos, Ruth JF

2014-01-01

Rigorous organization and quality control (QC) are necessary to facilitate successful genome-wide association meta-analyses (GWAMAs) of statistics aggregated across multiple genome-wide association studies. This protocol provides guidelines for [1] organizational aspects of GWAMAs, and for [2] QC at the study file level, the meta-level across studies, and the meta-analysis output level. Real–world examples highlight issues experienced and solutions developed by the GIANT Consortium that has conducted meta-analyses including data from 125 studies comprising more than 330,000 individuals. We provide a general protocol for conducting GWAMAs and carrying out QC to minimize errors and to guarantee maximum use of the data. We also include details for use of a powerful and flexible software package called EasyQC. For consortia of comparable size to the GIANT consortium, the present protocol takes a minimum of about 10 months to complete. PMID:24762786

Reconstruction of the subjective temporal distance of past interpersonal experiences after mortality salience.

PubMed

Wakimoto, Ryutaro

2011-05-01

The present article examines the effect of mortality salience on the subjective temporal distance of past experiences with close friends. Since mortality salience motivates relational strivings, it should also affect the perception of past interpersonal experiences that influence the anticipation of future closeness and continuity of the friendship. Three studies were conducted with a total of 428 Japanese college students. Study 1 revealed that a smaller temporal distance of an experience of positive conduct from a friend was associated with greater satisfaction with the friendship. Study 2 found that the temporal distance of such an experience was perceived as smaller in the mortality salience than in the control condition. Study 3 found equivalent results with respect to the temporal distance of the participants' positive conduct toward a close friend. These results suggest that people cope with existential concerns through reconstructing autobiographical memories in the interpersonal domain.

Compensated Arrhenius formalism applied to a conductivity study in poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate monomers.

PubMed

Dubois, F; Derouiche, Y; Leblond, J M; Maschke, U; Douali, R

2015-09-01

The temperature dependence of the ionic conductivity is studied in a series of poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate monomers. The experimental data are analyzed by means of the approach recently proposed by Petrowsky et al. [J. Phys. Chem. B. 113, 5996 (2009)10.1021/jp810095g]. This so-called compensated Arrhenius formalism (CAF) approach takes into account the influence of the dielectric permittivity on the exponential prefactor in the classical Arrhenius equation. The experimental data presented in this paper show a good agreement with the CAF; this means that the exponential prefactor is principally dielectric permittivity dependent. The compensated data revealed two conduction processes with different activation energies; they correspond to low and high temperature ranges, respectively.

Compensated Arrhenius formalism applied to a conductivity study in poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate monomers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dubois, F.; Derouiche, Y.; Leblond, J. M.; Maschke, U.; Douali, R.

2015-09-01

The temperature dependence of the ionic conductivity is studied in a series of poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate monomers. The experimental data are analyzed by means of the approach recently proposed by Petrowsky et al. [J. Phys. Chem. B. 113, 5996 (2009), 10.1021/jp810095g]. This so-called compensated Arrhenius formalism (CAF) approach takes into account the influence of the dielectric permittivity on the exponential prefactor in the classical Arrhenius equation. The experimental data presented in this paper show a good agreement with the CAF; this means that the exponential prefactor is principally dielectric permittivity dependent. The compensated data revealed two conduction processes with different activation energies; they correspond to low and high temperature ranges, respectively.

Systematic Review: Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating, and Present Factors Predicting Anticipatory Distress to Painful Medical Procedures in Children.

PubMed

Racine, Nicole M; Riddell, Rebecca R Pillai; Khan, Maria; Calic, Masa; Taddio, Anna; Tablon, Paula

2016-03-01

To conduct a systematic review of the factors predicting anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures in children. A systematic search was conducted to identify studies with factors related to anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures in children aged 0-18 years. The search retrieved 7,088 articles to review against inclusion criteria. A total of 77 studies were included in the review. 31 factors were found to predict anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures in children. A narrative synthesis of the evidence was conducted, and a summary figure is presented. Many factors were elucidated that contribute to the occurrence of anticipatory distress to painful medical procedures. The factors that appear to increase anticipatory distress are child psychopathology, difficult child temperament, parent distress promoting behaviors, parent situational distress, previous pain events, parent anticipation of distress, and parent anxious predisposition. Longitudinal and experimental research is needed to further elucidate these factors. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

A Simulation Study of Methods for Selecting Subgroup-Specific Doses in Phase I Trials

PubMed Central

Morita, Satoshi; Thall, Peter F.; Takeda, Kentaro

2016-01-01

Summary Patient heterogeneity may complicate dose-finding in phase I clinical trials if the dose-toxicity curves differ between subgroups. Conducting separate trials within subgroups may lead to infeasibly small sample sizes in subgroups having low prevalence. Alternatively, it is not obvious how to conduct a single trial while accounting for heterogeneity. To address this problem, we consider a generalization of the continual reassessment method (O’Quigley, et al., 1990) based on a hierarchical Bayesian dose-toxicity model that borrows strength between subgroups under the assumption that the subgroups are exchangeable. We evaluate a design using this model that includes subgroup-specific dose selection and safety rules. A simulation study is presented that includes comparison of this method to three alternative approaches, based on non-hierarchical models, that make different types of assumptions about within-subgroup dose-toxicity curves. The simulations show that the hierarchical model-based method is recommended in settings where the dose-toxicity curves are exchangeable between subgroups. We present practical guidelines for application, and provide computer programs for trial simulation and conduct. PMID:28111916

Role of HPC in Advancing Computational Aeroelasticity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guruswamy, Guru P.

2004-01-01

On behalf of the High Performance Computing and Modernization Program (HPCMP) and NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division (NAS) a study is conducted to assess the role of supercomputers on computational aeroelasticity of aerospace vehicles. The study is mostly based on the responses to a web based questionnaire that was designed to capture the nuances of high performance computational aeroelasticity, particularly on parallel computers. A procedure is presented to assign a fidelity-complexity index to each application. Case studies based on major applications using HPCMP resources are presented.

Research into properties of wear resistant ceramic metal plasma coatings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ivancivsky, V. V.; Skeeba, V. Yu; Zverev, E. A.; Vakhrushev, N. V.; Parts, K. A.

2018-03-01

The study considers one of the promising ways to improve the quality of wear resistant plasma ceramic coatings by implementing various powder mixtures. The authors present the study results of the nickel-ceramic and cobalt-ceramic coating properties and describe the specific character of the investigated coatings composition. The paper presents the results of the coating microhardness, chemical and adhesive strength studies. The authors conducted wear resistance tests of composite coatings in comparison with the plasma coatings of initial powder components.

Spin transport in oxygen adsorbed graphene nanoribbon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Vipin

2018-04-01

The spin transport properties of pristine graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have been most widely studied using theoretical and experimental tools. The possibilities of oxidation of fabricated graphene based nano electronic devices may change the device characteristics, which motivates to further explore the properties of graphene oxide nanoribbons (GONRs). Therefore, we present a systematic computational study on the spin polarized transport in surface oxidized GNR in antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin configuration using density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method. It is found that the conductance in oxidized GNRs is significantly suppressed in the valance band and the conduction band. A further reduction in the conductance profile is seen in presence of two oxygen atoms on the ribbon plane. This change in the conductance may be attributed to change in the surface topology of the ribbon basal plane due to presence of the oxygen adatoms, where the charge transfer take place between the ribbon basal plane and the oxygen atoms.

Rheological properties and thermal conductivity of AlN-poly(propylene glycol) suspensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wozniak, Maciej; Rutkowski, Pawel; Kata, Dariusz

2016-01-01

Nanofluids have recently attracted researches' attention as a new generation of heat-transferring fluids used in heat exchangers and for energy storage. Also aluminium nitride is commonly known for its considerable heat conductivity, as high as 320 W/(m K). Because of that, the compound might be a preferable dispersed phase of heat-transferring fluids. This presented studies are focused on nano-AlN-poly(propylene glycol) dispersions which can be applied as potential cooling fluids. The rheological response of the suspensions on shearing and their thermal conductivity in the function of solids concentration and temperature were measured and discussed. The most desired result of the studies is to produce dispersions with Newtonian-like flow at increased temperature and at higher shear rate. All the aforementioned parameters conjugated with significant thermal conductivity of such nanofluids could predispose them to be used as effective cooling media.

An examination of the developmental propensity model of conduct problems.

PubMed

Rhee, Soo Hyun; Friedman, Naomi P; Corley, Robin P; Hewitt, John K; Hink, Laura K; Johnson, Daniel P; Smith Watts, Ashley K; Young, Susan E; Robinson, JoAnn; Waldman, Irwin D; Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn

2016-05-01

The present study tested specific hypotheses advanced by the developmental propensity model of the etiology of conduct problems in the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study, a prospective, longitudinal, genetically informative sample. High negative emotionality, low behavioral inhibition, low concern and high disregard for others, and low cognitive ability assessed during toddlerhood (age 14 to 36 months) were examined as predictors of conduct problems in later childhood and adolescence (age 4 to 17 years). Each hypothesized antisocial propensity dimension predicted conduct problems, but some predictions may be context specific or due to method covariance. The most robust predictors were observed disregard for others (i.e., responding to others' distress with active, negative responses such as anger and hostility), general cognitive ability, and language ability, which were associated with conduct problems reported by parents, teachers, and adolescents, and change in observed negative emotionality (i.e., frustration tolerance), which was associated with conduct problems reported by teachers and adolescents. Furthermore, associations between the most robust early predictors and later conduct problems were influenced by the shared environment rather than genes. We conclude that shared environmental influences that promote disregard for others and detract from cognitive and language development during toddlerhood also predispose individuals to conduct problems in later childhood and adolescence. The identification of those shared environmental influences common to early antisocial propensity and later conduct problems is an important future direction, and additional developmental behavior genetic studies examining the interaction between children's characteristics and socializing influences on conduct problems are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Patterns of paediatric emergency presentations to a tertiary referral centre in the Northern Territory.

PubMed

Buntsma, Davina; Lithgow, Anna; O'Neill, Evan; Palmer, Didier; Morris, Peter; Acworth, Jason; Babl, Franz E

2017-12-01

To describe epidemiological data concerning paediatric attendances at the ED of Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of paediatric emergency presentations to the RDH ED during 2004 and 2013. Epidemiological data, including demographics, admission rates and diagnostic grouping, were analysed using descriptive and comparative statistical methods. We compared data with findings from a baseline epidemiological study by the Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT) conducted in 2004. A total of 12 745 and 15 378 paediatric presentations (age 0-18 years) to the RDH ED were analysed for the years 2004 and 2013 respectively. In 2004, the mean age of children presenting to RDH was 7.1 years, and 56.0% were female. Indigenous patients accounted for 31.2% of presentations at RDH and were significantly more likely to be admitted than non-Indigenous patients (31.6% vs 12.8%, OR 3.24, 95% CI 2.95-3.55). Children <5 years old accounted for the highest number of presentations (45.2%) and admissions (51.2%), and there was a high proportion of adolescent presentations (18.0%). Similar to the PREDICT study, viral infectious conditions (bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis, upper respiratory tract infections) were the most common cause for presentations. Key differences included a higher proportion of patients presenting with cellulitis and head injury at RDH and an increasing proportion of adolescent psychiatric presentations at RDH from 2004 to 2013. This study provides important information regarding paediatric presentations to a major referral hospital in the Northern Territory. Overall, there was a disproportionate rate of presentation and admission among Indigenous children. Other key findings were higher proportions of cellulitis, head injury and adolescent presentations. These findings can assist in service planning and in directing future research specific to children in the Northern Territory. © 2017 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine and Australasian Society for Emergency Medicine.

Who Are Teachers? A Study of Identity Hierarchy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yilmaz, Ferat; Ilhan, Mustafa

2017-01-01

This study aims to create a hierarchy of identities for teachers' perceptions of the self. The research carried out as a survey study was conducted in Diyarbakir, a province in Turkey, with a study group of 261 teachers. This study employs a tool of data collection making it possible to present the six types of identities--namely, professional…

Scaling relation of the anomalous Hall effect in (Ga,Mn)As

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Glunk, M.; Daeubler, J.; Schoch, W.; Sauer, R.; Limmer, W.

2009-09-01

We present magnetotransport studies performed on an extended set of (Ga,Mn)As samples at 4.2 K with longitudinal conductivities σxx ranging from the low-conductivity to the high-conductivity regime. The anomalous Hall conductivity σxy(AH) is extracted from the measured longitudinal and Hall resistivities. A transition from σxy(AH)=20Ω-1cm-1 due to the Berry phase effect in the high-conductivity regime to a scaling relation σxy(AH)∝σxx1.6 for low-conductivity samples is observed. This scaling relation is consistent with a recently developed unified theory of the anomalous Hall effect in the framework of the Keldysh formalism. It turns out to be independent of crystallographic orientation, growth conditions, Mn concentration, and strain, and can therefore be considered universal for low-conductivity (Ga,Mn)As. The relation plays a crucial role when deriving values of the hole concentration from magnetotransport measurements in low-conductivity (Ga,Mn)As. In addition, the hole diffusion constants for the high-conductivity samples are determined from the measured longitudinal conductivities.

The Absorption Spectrum of Iodine Vapour

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tetlow, K. S.

1972-01-01

A laboratory experiment is described which presents some molecular parameters of iodine molecule by studying iodine spectrum. Points out this experiment can be conducted by sixth form students in high school laboratories. (PS)

Associated illness severity in schizophrenia and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.

PubMed

Perry, Benjamin I; Salimkumar, Dhanya; Green, Daniel; Meakin, Anne; Gibson, Andrew; Mahajan, Deepali; Tahir, Tayyeb; Singh, Swaran P

2017-10-01

We aimed to elucidate whether schizophrenia and type II diabetes mellitus may present with associated illness severity, in light of accumulating evidence to suggest both conditions have important shared inflammatory components with many shared inflammatory genetic factors. We conducted a systematic review employing PRISMA criteria, searching EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Web of Science and Google Scholar to February 1st, 2017, for clinical studies assessing schizophrenia severity alongside dysglycaemia. A narrative synthesis was employed to discuss and compare findings between studies. Eleven observational studies were included in the analysis. Ten presented evidence in support of an association between schizophrenia severity and dysglycaemia. This association appeared particularly strong regarding negative symptomatology and impaired cognitive function, between which there may be some overlap. Studies examining positive symptomatology returned mixed results. Whilst study design varied amongst the included studies, the results suggest that further work examining the effect of hyperglycaemia on schizophrenia severity may be relevant, particularly longitudinal studies assessing negative symptomatology and cognitive function. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first systematic review conducted to address this question. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thermal properties of U-7Mo/Al dispersion fuel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cho, Tae Won; Kim, Yeon Soo; Park, Jong Man; Lee, Kyu Hong; Kim, Sunghwan; Lee, Chong-Tak; Yang, Jae Ho; Oh, Jang Soo; Won, Ju-Jin; Sohn, Dong-Seong

2017-12-01

The thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of U-7Mo/Al and U-7Mo/Al-5Si as functions of U-Mo fuel volume fraction and temperature were measured. The density of the sample was measured at room temperature and estimated using thermal expansion data at elevated temperatures. Using the measured data, the thermal conductivity was obtained as a function of U-Mo volume fraction and temperature. The thermal conductivity of U-7Mo/Al-5Si was found to be lower than that of U-7Mo/Al because of the Si addition to the Al. Due to a lower porosity and reduced interaction between U-Mo and Al in the sample, the thermal conductivity data reported in the present study were higher than those in the literature. The present data were found to be in agreement with the predictions of theoretical models.

Clinical high risk for psychosis in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

PubMed

Tor, Jordina; Dolz, Montserrat; Sintes, Anna; Muñoz, Daniel; Pardo, Marta; de la Serna, Elena; Puig, Olga; Sugranyes, Gisela; Baeza, Inmaculada

2017-09-15

The concept of being at risk for psychosis has been introduced both for adults and children and adolescents, but fewer studies have been conducted in the latter population. The aim of this study is to systematically review the articles associated with clinical description, interventions, outcome and other areas in children and adolescents at risk for psychosis. We searched in MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycINFO databases for articles published up to 30/06/16. Reviewed articles were prospective studies; written in English; original articles with Clinical High Risk (CHR) for psychosis samples; and mean age of samples younger than 18 years. From 103 studies initially selected, 48 met inclusion criteria and were systematically reviewed. Studies show that CHR children and adolescents present several clinical characteristics at baseline, with most attenuated positive-symptom inclusion criteria observed, reporting mostly perceptual abnormalities and suspiciousness, and presenting comorbid conditions such as depressive and anxiety disorders. CHR children and adolescents show lower general intelligence and no structural brain changes compared with controls. Original articles reviewed show rates of conversion to psychosis between 17 and 20% at 1 year follow-up and between 7 and 21% at 2 years. While 36% of patients recovered from their CHR status at 6-year follow-up, 40% still met CHR criteria. Studies in children and adolescents with CHR were conducted with different methodologies, assessments tools and small samples. It is important to conduct studies on psychopharmacological and psychological treatment, as well as replication of the few studies found.

Heat transport by phonons in crystalline materials and nanostructures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koh, Yee Kan

This dissertation presents experimental studies of heat transport by phonons in crystalline materials and nanostructures, and across solid-solid interfaces. Particularly, this dissertation emphasizes advancing understanding of the mean-free-paths (i.e., the distance phonons propagate without being scattered) of acoustic phonons, which are the dominant heat carriers in most crystalline semiconductor nanostructures. Two primary tools for the studies presented in this dissertation are time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) for measurements of thermal conductivity of nanostructures and thermal conductance of interfaces; and frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR), which I developed as a direct probe of the mean-free-paths of dominant heat-carrying phonons in crystalline solids. The foundation of FDTR is the dependence of the apparent thermal conductivity on the frequency of periodic heat sources. I find that the thermal conductivity of semiconductor alloys (InGaP, InGaAs, and SiGe) measured by TDTR depends on the modulation frequency, 0.1 ≤ f ≤ 10 MHz, used in TDTR measurements. Reduction in the thermal conductivity of the semiconductor alloys at high f compares well to the reduction in the thermal conductivity of epitaxial thin films, indicating that frequency dependence and thickness dependence of thermal conductivity are fundamentally equivalent. I developed the frequency dependence of thermal conductivity into a convenient probe of phonon mean-free-paths, a technique which I call frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR). In FDTR, I monitor the changes in the intensity of the reflected probe beam as a function of the modulation frequency. To facilitate the analysis of FDTR measurements, I developed a nonlocal theory for heat conduction by phonons at high heating frequencies. Calculations of the nonlocal theory confirm my experimental findings that phonons with mean-free-paths longer than two times the penetration depth do not contribute to the apparent thermal conductivity. I employed FDTR to study the mean-free-paths of acoustic phonons in Si1-xGex. I experimentally demonstrate that 40% of heat is carried in Si1-xGe x alloys by phonons with mean-free-path 0.5 ≤ ℓ ≤ 5 mum, and phonons with > 2 mum do not contribute to the thermal conductivity of Si. I employed TDTR and frequency-dependent TDTR to study scattering of long- and medium-wavelength phonons in two important thermoelectric materials embedded with nanoscale precipitates. I find that the through-thickness lattice thermal conductivity of (PbTe)1-x/(PbSe)x nanodot superlattices (NDSLs) approaches the thermal conductivity of bulk homogenous PbTe1-x Sex alloys with the same average composition. On the other hand, I find that 3% of ErAs nanoparticles embedded in InGaAs is sufficient to scatter most of the phonons in InGaAs that have intermediate mean-free-paths, and thus reduces the thermal conductivity of InGaAs below the alloy limit. I find that scattering by nanoparticles approach the geometrical limit and can be readily accounted for by an additional boundary scattering which depends on the concentration of nanoparticles. Finally, I studied the thermal conductance of Au/Ti/Graphene/SiO 2 interfaces by TDTR. I find that heat transport across the interface is dominated by phonons. Even though graphene is only one atomic layer thick, graphene interfaces should be treated as two discrete interfaces instead of one diffuse interface in thermal analysis, suggesting that direct transmission of phonons from Au to SiO2 is negligible. My study is important for thermal management of graphene devices.

Bringing the Classroom to the Farm.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters, Robert R.; And Others

1986-01-01

Describes a study conducted to determine if extension agents could expand their audience through a series of statewide on-farm meetings. The study also sought to determine if the on-farm approach would result in adoption of recommended mastitis control practices. Results are presented and discussed. (CT)

Phonetic Change in Newfoundland English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, Sandra

2012-01-01

Newfoundland English has long been considered autonomous within the North American context. Sociolinguistic studies conducted over the past three decades, however, typically suggest cross-generational change in phonetic feature use, motivated by greater alignment with mainland Canadian English norms. The present study uses data spanning the past…

SUPERFUND TREATABILITY CLEARINGHOUSE: FINAL REPORT: SOIL TREATMENT PILOT STUDY BRIO/DOP SITE

EPA Science Inventory

Bench and pilot-scale studies were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of using solid-phase biodegradation for destroying portions of organic constituents present in the soil. The predominant constituents at the BRIO DOP site located in Texas were volatile compounds such...

Soy Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Humans: A Meta-Analysis

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between soy consumption and colorectal cancer risk in humans by conducting a meta-analysis of available epidemiologic studies. We systematically reviewed publications obtained through a Medline literature search and identified four ...

Re-Presenting Women and Leadership: A Methodological Journey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkinson, Jane; Blackmore, Jill

2008-01-01

Research on women's leadership has tended to focus upon detailed micro studies of individual women's identity formation or, alternatively, to conduct macro studies of its broader discursive constructions within society. Both approaches, although providing helpful understandings of the issues surrounding constructions of women's leadership, are…

SVOC emissions from diesel trucks operating on biodiesel fuels

EPA Science Inventory

This study measured semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in particle matter (PM) emitted from three heavy-duty trucks equipped with modern after-treatment technologies. Emissions testing was conducted as described by the George et al. VOC study also presented as part of this se...

Dietary Intervention to Mitigate the Health Effects of PM Exposure in Humans

EPA Science Inventory

Exposure to ambient air pollution is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. This presentation will highlight previously published, ongoing and planned studies conducted at the Human Studies Facility that have examined the efficacy of nutritional supplementation in modul...

Long Term Monitoring of Broken and Seated Pavements

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-05-01

This report presents details of a study conducted to evaluate the long term performance of asphalt overlays on broken and seated : (B/S) concrete p avements, us ing field expe riments. Th e primary p urpose o f this study is to evaluate the effective...

The importance of mechano-electrical feedback and inertia in cardiac electromechanics.

PubMed

Costabal, Francisco Sahli; Concha, Felipe A; Hurtado, Daniel E; Kuhl, Ellen

2017-06-15

In the past years, a number cardiac electromechanics models have been developed to better understand the excitation-contraction behavior of the heart. However, there is no agreement on whether inertial forces play a role in this system. In this study, we assess the influence of mass in electromechanical simulations, using a fully coupled finite element model. We include the effect of mechano-electrical feedback via stretch activated currents. We compare five different models: electrophysiology, electromechanics, electromechanics with mechano-electrical feedback, electromechanics with mass, and electromechanics with mass and mechano-electrical feedback. We simulate normal conduction to study conduction velocity and spiral waves to study fibrillation. During normal conduction, mass in conjunction with mechano-electrical feedback increased the conduction velocity by 8.12% in comparison to the plain electrophysiology case. During the generation of a spiral wave, mass and mechano-electrical feedback generated secondary wavefronts, which were not present in any other model. These secondary wavefronts were initiated in tensile stretch regions that induced electrical currents. We expect that this study will help the research community to better understand the importance of mechanoelectrical feedback and inertia in cardiac electromechanics.

Spin-State Transition in La1-xSrxCoO3 Single Crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bhardwaj, S.; Prabhakaran, D.; Awasthi, A. M.

2011-07-01

We present a study of the thermal conductivity (κ), specific heat (Cp) and Raman spectra of La1-xSrxCoO3 (x = 0,0.1) single crystals. Both the specimens have low thermal conductivity and board Raman peaks, arising from strong scattering of phonons by lattice disorder, produced by (and doping-enhanced) spin-states admixture of the Co3+ ions. The thermal conductivity anomalously deviates from ˜1/T behaviour at high (room) temperatures, expected of an insulator. High-temperature specific heat reveals large decrease in the metal-insulator (M-I) transition temperature with Sr-doping.

Conducting research and collaborating with researchers: the experience of clinicians in a residential treatment center.

PubMed

Adelman, Robert W; Castonguay, Louis G; Kraus, David R; Zack, Sanno E

2015-01-01

This paper describes the experience of clinicians in conducting research and collaborating with academic researchers. As part of clinical routine of a residential program for adolescent substance abusers, empirical data have been collected to assess client's needs before and after treatment, improve clinical practice, and identify barriers to change. Some of the challenges faced and the benefits learned in conducting these studies are presented. In addition to highlighting the convergence of research interests between clinicians and academicians, the conclusion offers general recommendations to foster these partnerships and solidify the scientific-practitioner model.

Making Complex Electrically Conductive Patterns on Cloth

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chu, Andrew; Fink, Patrick W.; Dobbins, Justin A.; Lin, Greg Y.; Scully, Robert C.; Trevino, Robert

2008-01-01

A method for automated fabrication of flexible, electrically conductive patterns on cloth substrates has been demonstrated. Products developed using this method, or related prior methods, are instances of a technology known as 'e-textiles,' in which electrically conductive patterns ar formed in, and on, textiles. For many applications, including high-speed digital circuits, antennas, and radio frequency (RF) circuits, an e-textile method should be capable of providing high surface conductivity, tight tolerances for control of characteristic impedances, and geometrically complex conductive patterns. Unlike prior methods, the present method satisfies all three of these criteria. Typical patterns can include such circuit structures as RF transmission lines, antennas, filters, and other conductive patterns equivalent to those of conventional printed circuits. The present method overcomes the limitations of the prior methods for forming the equivalent of printed circuits on cloth. A typical fabrication process according to the present method involves selecting the appropriate conductive and non-conductive fabric layers to build the e-textile circuit. The present method uses commercially available woven conductive cloth with established surface conductivity specifications. Dielectric constant, loss tangent, and thickness are some of the parameters to be considered for the non-conductive fabric layers. The circuit design of the conductive woven fabric is secured onto a non-conductive fabric layer using sewing, embroidery, and/or adhesive means. The portion of the conductive fabric that is not part of the circuit is next cut from the desired circuit using an automated machine such as a printed-circuit-board milling machine or a laser cutting machine. Fiducials can be used to align the circuit and the cutting machine. Multilayer circuits can be built starting with the inner layer and using conductive thread to make electrical connections between layers.

Multi-Excitation Magnetoacoustic Tomography with Magnetic Induction for Bioimpedance Imaging

PubMed Central

Li, Xu; He, Bin

2011-01-01

Magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is an imaging approach proposed to conduct non-invasive electrical conductivity imaging of biological tissue with high spatial resolution. In the present study, based on the analysis of the relationship between the conductivity distribution and the generated MAT-MI acoustic source, we propose a new multi-excitation MAT-MI approach and the corresponding reconstruction algorithms. In the proposed method, multiple magnetic excitations using different coil configurations are employed and ultrasound measurements corresponding to each excitation are collected to derive the conductivity distribution inside the sample. A modified reconstruction algorithm is also proposed for the multi-excitation MAT-MI imaging approach when only limited bandwidth acoustic measurements are available. Computer simulation and phantom experiment studies have been done to demonstrate the merits of the proposed method. It is shown that if unlimited bandwidth acoustic data is available, we can accurately reconstruct the internal conductivity contrast of an object using the proposed method. With limited bandwidth data and the use of the modified algorithm we can reconstruct the relative conductivity contrast of an object instead of only boundaries at the conductivity heterogeneity. Benefits that come with this new method include better differentiation of tissue types with conductivity contrast using the MAT-MI approach, specifically for potential breast cancer screening application in the future. PMID:20529729

PC_Eyewitness: a computerized framework for the administration and practical application of research in eyewitness psychology.

PubMed

MacLin, Otto H; Meissner, Christian A; Zimmerman, Laura A

2005-05-01

Eyewitness identification evidence is an important aspect of our legal system. Society relies on witnesses to identify suspects whom they have observed during the commission of a crime. Because a witness has only a mental representation of the individual he or she observed, law enforcement must rely on verbal descriptions and identification procedures to document eyewitness evidence. The present article introduces and details a computer program, referred to as PC_Eyewitness (PCE), which can be used in laboratories to conduct research on eyewitness memory. PCE is a modular program written in Visual Basic 6.0 that allows a researcher to present stimuli to a participant, to conduct distractor tasks, to elicit verbal descriptors regarding a target individual, and to present a lineup for the participant to provide an identification response. To illustrate the versatility of the program, several classic studies in the eyewitness literature are recreated in the context of PCE. The program is also shown to have applications in the conduct of field research and for use by law enforcement to administer lineups in everyday practice. PCE is distributed at no cost.

Biochemical synthesis of water soluble conducting polymers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bruno, Ferdinando F., E-mail: Ferdinando-Bruno@uml.edu; Bernabei, Manuele

2016-05-18

An efficient biomimetic route for the synthesis of conducting polymers/copolymers complexed with lignin sulfonate and sodium (polystyrenesulfonate) (SPS) will be presented. This polyelectrolyte assisted PEG-hematin or horseradish peroxidase catalyzed polymerization of pyrrole (PYR), 3,4 ethyldioxithiophene (EDOT) and aniline has provided a route to synthesize water-soluble conducting polymers/copolymers under acidic conditions. The UV-vis, FTIR, conductivity and cyclic voltammetry studies for the polymers/copolymer complex indicated the presence of a thermally stable and electroactive polymers. Moreover, the use of water-soluble templates, used as well as dopants, provided a unique combination of properties such as high electronic conductivity, and processability. These polymers/copolymers are nowadaysmore » tested/evaluated for antirust features on airplanes and helicopters. However, other electronic applications, such as photovoltaics, for transparent conductive polyaniline, actuators, for polypyrrole, and antistatic films, for polyEDOT, will be proposed.« less

The electrical conductivities of candidate beam-waveguide antenna shroud materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Otoshi, T. Y.; Franco, M. M.

1994-01-01

The shroud on the beam-waveguide (BWG) antenna at DSS 13 is made from highly magnetic American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A36 steel. Measurements at 8.42 GHz showed that this material (with paint) has a very poor electrical conductivity that is 600 times worse than aluminum. In cases where the BWG mirrors might be slightly misaligned, unintentional illumination and poor electrical conductivity of the shroud walls can cause system noise temperature to be increased significantly. This potential increase of noise temperature contribution can be reduced through the use of better conductivity materials for the shroud walls. An alternative is to attempt to improve the conductivity of the currently used ASTM A36 steel by means of some type of plating, surface treatment, or high-conductivity paints. This article presents the results of a study made to find improved materials for future shrouds and mirror supports.

Mirror writing: a tachistoscopic study of a woman suffering from migraine when writing with the right hand.

PubMed

Nakano, Mitsuko; Tanaka, Shigeki; Izuno, Kenji; Ichihara, Shigeru

2012-01-01

An experimental study was conducted with a young woman who had suddenly developed mirror writing in the right hand, which she used for writing. She was not cured for eight years. The patient was ambidextrous and had no medical complaints except for migraine with perceptual and sensory abnormalities, and an enlarged cavity of the septum pellucidum. A previous study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), conducted when she imagined letters and wrote letters in the air with either hand, indicated that both her cerebral hemispheres were active. In the present study three experiments were conducted using a tachistoscope to explore the stage in the cognitive process when directional errors emerged. In the experiments, after independently being presented with Attneave's meaningless figures or letters to each hemisphere, participants were requested to do the following: (a) verbally respond whether the orientation of two consecutively shown figures were the same or different and the letters were standard or reversed; (b) distinguish the orientations with right and left hand movements other than by writing (by pushing a button); and (c) reproduce the stimuli (drawing) immediately after the presentation. Results showed a higher rate of incorrect directions only when drawings were reproduced by the right hand. Results also indicated that the woman's inaccurate judgment in direction emerged only when in writing and not at the perceptual level, or when responding with hand movements other than writing. Her migraine was cured after five years following the experiment. The mirror writing was cured 2-3 months later.

Perspectives, perceptions and experiences in postoperative pain management in developing countries: A focus group study conducted in Rwanda

PubMed Central

Johnson, Ana P; Mahaffey, Ryan; Egan, Rylan; Twagirumugabe, Theogene; Parlow, Joel L

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: Access to postoperative acute pain treatment is an important component of perioperative care and is frequently managed by a multidisciplinary team of anesthesiologists, surgeons, pharmacists, technicians and nurses. In some developing countries, treatment modalities are often not performed due to scarce health care resources, knowledge deficiencies and cultural attitudes. OBJECTIVES: In advance of a comprehensive knowledge translation initiative, the present study aimed to determine the perspectives, perceptions and experiences of anesthesia residents regarding postoperative pain management strategies. METHODS: The present study was conducted using a qualitative assessment strategy in a large teaching hospital in Rwanda. During two sessions separated by seven days, a 10-participant semistructured focus group needs analysis was conducted with anesthesia residents at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali (Kigali, Rwanda). Field notes were analyzed using interpretative and descriptive phenomenological approaches. Participants were questioned regarding their perspectives, perceptions and experiences in pain management. RESULTS: The responses from the focus groups were related to five general areas: general patient and medical practice management; knowledge base regarding postoperative pain management; pain evaluation; institutional/system issues related to protocol implementation; and perceptions about resource allocation. Within these areas, challenges (eg, communication among stakeholders and with patients) and opportunities (eg, on-the-job training, use of protocols, routine pain assessment, participation in resource allocation decisions) were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed the prevalent challenges residents perceive in implementing postoperative pain management strategies, and offers practical suggestions to overcoming them, primarily through training and the implementation of practice recommendations. PMID:26448971

Thermal Analysis of Filler Reinforced Polymeric Composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghadge, Mahesh Devidas

Improving heat dissipating property of composite materials is becoming increasingly important in domains ranging from the automotive industry, electronic devices to aeronautical industry. Effective heat dissipation is required especially in aircraft and racing tires to guarantee high performance and good service life [1]. The present study is focused on improving the thermal conductivity of Emulsion-styrene butadiene rubber (ESBR) which is a cheap alternative to other rubber composites. The disadvantages of ESBR are low thermal conductivity and high heat generation. Adding fillers with high thermal conductivity to ESBR is proposed as a technique for improving the thermal conductivity of ESBR. The purpose of the research is to predict the thermal conductivity of ESBR when filled with fillers of much higher thermal conductivity and also to find out to what extent the filler properties affect the heat transfer capabilities of the composite matrix. The influence of different filler shapes i.e. spherical, cylindrical and platelets on the overall thermal capability of composite matrix is studied, the finite element modelings are conducted using Abaqus. Three-dimensional and two-dimensional models are created in Abaqus to simulate the microstructure of the composite matrix filled with fillers. Results indicate that the overall thermal conductivity increases with increasing filler loading i.e. for a filler volume fraction of 0.27, the conductivity increased by around 50%. Filler shapes, orientation angle, and aspect ratio of the fillers significantly influences the thermal conductivity. Conductivity increases with increasing aspect ratio (length/diameter) of the cylindrical fillers since longer conductive chains are able to form at the same volume percentage as compared to spherical fillers. The composite matrix reaches maximum thermal conductivity when the cylindrical fillers are oriented in the direction of heat flow. The heat conductivity predicted by FEM for ESBR is compared with that predicted by mean field theories. At low volume fractions the FEM and mean field theory results are matching. However, at high volume fractions, the results obtained by the two methods are not in agreement. This is due to the fact that mean field theory do not consider the particle interactions happening at higher volume fractions. The present analysis can be used to tailor the thermal properties of ESBR for required thermal conductivity for a wide range of applications such as racing tires, electronic gadgets or aeronautical components. In addition, the proposed FEM models can be used to design and optimize the properties of new composite materials providing more insight into the thermal conductivity of composite polymers and aid in understanding heat transfer mechanism of reinforced polymers.

Advanced Terrain Displays for Transport Category Aircraft

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-02-01

A preliminary evaluation of terrain information presentation methods was conducted in a part-task simulation study. Pilots qualified on autoflight aircraft used both paper and prototypical electronic instrument approach plate formats to obtain terrai...

Evaluation of Superpave Gyratory Compactors

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-01-01

This is the third report from the South Central Superpave Center (SCSC). It presents the results, findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on a comprehensive 12-month laboratory study of gyratory compactors conducted at the center.

Effective utility accommodation : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-12-08

The report presents research regarding methods to improve project delivery times and minimize construction delays due to utility coordination by conducting a study of the current best practices used by six (6) similar state transportation departments...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Martinelli, D.; Banta, L.; Peng, S.

This document presents the findings of a study conducted at West Virginia University to determine the feasibility of using a combination of longwall mining and standard landfill lining technologies to mitigate contamination of groundwater supplies by leachates from hazardous waste sites.

Anisotropic thermal conduction with magnetic fields in galaxy clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arth, Alexander; Dolag, Klaus; Beck, Alexander; Petkova, Margarita; Lesch, Harald

2015-08-01

Magnetic fields play an important role for the propagation and diffusion of charged particles, which are responsible for thermal conduction. In this poster, we present an implementation of thermal conduction including the anisotropic effects of magnetic fields for smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The anisotropic thermal conduction is mainly proceeding parallel to magnetic fields and suppressed perpendicular to the fields. We derive the SPH formalism for the anisotropic heat transport and solve the corresponding equation with an implicit conjugate gradient scheme. We discuss several issues of unphysical heat transport in the cases of extreme ansiotropies or unmagnetized regions and present possible numerical workarounds. We implement our algorithm into the cosmological simulation code GADGET and study its behaviour in several test cases. In general, we reproduce the analytical solutions of our idealised test problems, and obtain good results in cosmological simulations of galaxy cluster formations. Within galaxy clusters, the anisotropic conduction produces a net heat transport similar to an isotropic Spitzer conduction model with low efficiency. In contrast to isotropic conduction our new formalism allows small-scale structure in the temperature distribution to remain stable, because of their decoupling caused by magnetic field lines. Compared to observations, strong isotropic conduction leads to an oversmoothed temperature distribution within clusters, while the results obtained with anisotropic thermal conduction reproduce the observed temperature fluctuations well. A proper treatment of heat transport is crucial especially in the outskirts of clusters and also in high density regions. It's connection to the local dynamical state of the cluster also might contribute to the observed bimodal distribution of cool core and non cool core clusters. Our new scheme significantly advances the modelling of thermal conduction in numerical simulations and overall gives better results compared to observations.

Post Flight Presentation with Joe Acaba and Mark Vande Hei at NASA HQ

NASA Image and Video Library

2018-06-15

During a post flight presentation June 15 at NASA Headquarters, astronauts Joe Acaba and Mark Vande Hei shared their experiences living and working on the International Space Station as members of the Expedition 53/54 crew. Acaba and Vande Hei launched to the space station aboard a Soyuz spacecraft from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Sept. 12, 2017 and returned to Earth on Feb. 27, 2018 after 168 days in space. During their time on the station, they conducted research studying bacteria, looked at the manufacture of fiber optics in microgravity, measured the total amount of sunlight Earth received, gathered data on space debris in low-Earth orbit, and studied self-replicating materials. They also conducted spacewalks and encouraged students around the world to pursue STEM careers and kicked off YES, the Year of Education on Station.

Optical absorption and radiative heat transport in olivine at high temperature

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shankland, T. J.; Nitsan, U.; Duba, A. G.

1979-01-01

Results are presented of measurements of the optical absorption spectra (300-8000 nm) of olivine as a function of temperature (300-1700 K) under conditions of controlled and known oxygen fugacity within the stability field of the samples. The absorption spectra are used to calculate the temperature-dependent radiative transfer coefficient of olivine and to numerically study the accuracy of the method. The present absorption measurements in olivine under oxidizing conditions known to be within the olivine stability field indicate that the effective radiative conductivity K(R) is lower than that obtained in previous studies under different experimental conditions. The lower value of K(R) makes it more likely that some of the earth's internal heat is removed by convection and less likely that thermal models involving conduction and radiation alone will satisfactorily explain thermal conditions in the earth's mantle.

The history of the Gynecologic Cancer Study Group (GCSG) of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG).

PubMed

Onda, Takashi; Konishi, Ikuo; Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki; Kamura, Toshiharu

2011-10-01

The Gynecologic Cancer Study Group (GCSG) of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) was organized in 1994. The GCSG has developed under the leadership of three successive group representatives, five principal study investigators, the cooperation of group members and the support of several public research funds. At present, 38 institutions are participating as active members of the GCSG of the JCOG. In addition to gynecologic oncologists, medical oncologists, pathologists and radiotherapists are participating in our group. Our group manages female genital malignancies including uterine cervical, endometrial, ovarian, tubal and vulvar cancers. Because the incidences of uterine cervical (in younger women), endometrial and ovarian cancer have increased in Japan in recent years, we are developing new standard treatments especially for these malignancies. As of 31 May 2011, our group has conducted six JCOG clinical trials (three completed and three ongoing) and completed one JCOG accompanying study, which is now in preparation for publication. Our group has also conducted several retrospective studies, and Phase I and II trials independent of the JCOG Data Center. Our aim is to conduct unique and high-quality clinical trials which we can appeal to the world. In this review, we present the organization and achievements of our group, along with a list of participating institutions, as the history of the GCSG of the JCOG.

Effects of Present Salary on Resume Evaluations: Sex Discrimination?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Thomas; Henning, Jane

Despite legislative and judicial attempts to remedy sex discrimination in the workplace, women continue to earn 60% less than their male counterparts. One factor that could influence an employer's evaluation of an applicant is the knowledge of that applicant's salary on his or her present job. A study was conducted to determine the influence of an…

A Comparative Study of Mindfulness between Male and Female Intervarsity Taekwondo Players of India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rahaman, Abdul

2015-01-01

Mindfulness refers to being completely in touch with and aware of the present moment, as well as taking a non-evaluative and non-judgmental approach to one's inner experience. The present empirical investigation was conducted to compare the mindfulness of male and female intervarsity Taekwondo players of India. One hundred and four Taekwondo…

The Comprehension of Syntactic and Affective Prosody by Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder without Accompanying Cognitive Deficits

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martzoukou, Maria; Papadopoulou, Despina; Kosmidis, Mary-Helen

2017-01-01

The present study investigates the comprehension of syntactic and affective prosody in adults with autism spectrum disorder without accompanying cognitive deficits (ASD w/o cognitive deficits) as well as age-, education- and gender-matched unimpaired adults, while processing orally presented sentences. Two experiments were conducted: (a) an…

The Distribution of Information within Letters. Technical Report No. 215.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Navon, David; Shimron, Joseph

Two experiments were designed to study the relative importance of various letter segments in letter recognition. One experiment was conducted with 24 subjects and the English alphabet, the other with 15 subjects and the Hebrew alphabet. In each experiment a letter was presented for identification, but was preceded by a brief presentation of either…

Influence of Water Saturation on Thermal Conductivity in Sandstones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fehr, A.; Jorand, R.; Koch, A.; Clauser, C.

2009-04-01

Information on thermal conductivity of rocks and soils is essential in applied geothermal and hydrocarbon maturation research. In this study, we investigate the dependence of thermal conductivity on the degree of water saturation. Measurements were made on five sandstones from different outcrops in Germany. In a first step, we characterized the samples with respect to mineralogical composition, porosity, and microstructure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mercury injection. We measured thermal conductivity with an optical scanner at different levels of water saturation. Finally we present a simple and easy model for the correlation of thermal conductivity and water saturation. Thermal conductivity decreases in the course of the drying of the rock. This behaviour is not linear and depends on the microstructure of the studied rock. We studied different mixing models for three phases: mineral skeleton, water and air. For argillaceous sandstones a modified arithmetic model works best which considers the irreducible water volume and different pore sizes. For pure quartz sandstones without clay minerals, we use the same model for low water saturations, but for high water saturations a modified geometric model. A clayey sandstone rich in feldspath shows a different behaviour which cannot be explained by simple models. A better understanding will require measurements on additional samples which will help to improve the derived correlations and substantiate our findings.

Dependence of Thermal Conductivity on Water Saturation of Sandstones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fehr, A.; Jorand, R.; Koch, A.; Clauser, C.

2008-12-01

Information on thermal conductivity of rocks and soils is essential in applied geothermal and hydrocarbon maturation research. In this study, we investigate the dependence of thermal conductivity on the degree of water saturation. Measurements were made on five sandstones from different outcrops in Germany. In a first step, we characterized the samples with respect to mineralogical composition, porosity, and microstructure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mercury injection. We measured thermal conductivity with an optical scanner at different levels of water saturation. Finally we present a simple and easy model for the correlation of thermal conductivity and water saturation. Thermal conductivity decreases in the course of the drying of the rock. This behaviour is not linear and depends on the microstructure of the studied rock. We studied different mixing models for three phases: mineral skeleton, water and air. For argillaceous sandstones a modified arithmetic model works best which considers the irreducible water volume and different pore sizes. For pure quartz sandstones without clay minerals, we use the same model for low water saturations, but for high water saturations a modified geometric model. A clayey sandstone rich in feldspath shows a different behaviour which cannot be explained by simple models. A better understanding will require measurements on additional samples which will help to improve the derived correlations and substantiate our findings.

Being "SMART" About Adolescent Conduct Problems Prevention: Executing a SMART Pilot Study in a Juvenile Diversion Agency.

PubMed

August, Gerald J; Piehler, Timothy F; Bloomquist, Michael L

2016-01-01

The development of adaptive treatment strategies (ATS) represents the next step in innovating conduct problems prevention programs within a juvenile diversion context. Toward this goal, we present the theoretical rationale, associated methods, and anticipated challenges for a feasibility pilot study in preparation for implementing a full-scale SMART (i.e., sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial) for conduct problems prevention. The role of a SMART design in constructing ATS is presented. The SMART feasibility pilot study includes a sample of 100 youth (13-17 years of age) identified by law enforcement as early stage offenders and referred for precourt juvenile diversion programming. Prior data on the sample population detail a high level of ethnic diversity and approximately equal representations of both genders. Within the SMART, youth and their families are first randomly assigned to one of two different brief-type evidence-based prevention programs, featuring parent-focused behavioral management or youth-focused strengths-building components. Youth who do not respond sufficiently to brief first-stage programming will be randomly assigned a second time to either an extended parent- or youth-focused second-stage programming. Measures of proximal intervention response and measures of potential candidate tailoring variables for developing ATS within this sample are detailed. Results of the described pilot study will include information regarding feasibility and acceptability of the SMART design. This information will be used to refine a subsequent full-scale SMART. The use of a SMART to develop ATS for prevention will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of prevention programing for youth with developing conduct problems.

Unique Associations between Childhood Temperament Characteristics and Subsequent Psychopathology Symptom Trajectories from Childhood to Early Adolescence.

PubMed

Forbes, Miriam K; Rapee, Ronald M; Camberis, Anna-Lisa; McMahon, Catherine A

2017-08-01

Existing research suggests that temperamental traits that emerge early in childhood may have utility for early detection and intervention for common mental disorders. The present study examined the unique relationships between the temperament characteristics of reactivity, approach-sociability, and persistence in early childhood and subsequent symptom trajectories of psychopathology (depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHD) from childhood to early adolescence. Data were from the first five waves of the older cohort from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n = 4983; 51.2% male), which spanned ages 4-5 to 12-13. Multivariate ordinal and logistic regressions examined whether parent-reported child temperament characteristics at age 4-5 predicted the study child's subsequent symptom trajectories for each domain of psychopathology (derived using latent class growth analyses), after controlling for other presenting symptoms. Temperament characteristics differentially predicted the symptom trajectories for depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and ADHD: Higher levels of reactivity uniquely predicted higher symptom trajectories for all 4 domains; higher levels of approach-sociability predicted higher trajectories of conduct disorder and ADHD, but lower trajectories of anxiety; and higher levels of persistence were related to lower trajectories of conduct disorder and ADHD. These findings suggest that temperament is an early identifiable risk factor for the development of psychopathology, and that identification and timely interventions for children with highly reactive temperaments in particular could prevent later mental health problems.

Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids in an Automotive Radiator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harsh, R.; Srivastav, Hitish; Balakrishnan, Prabhat; Saini, Vivek; Senthil Kumar, D.; Rajni, K. S.; Thirumalini, S.

2018-02-01

This paper presents an experimental study on heat transfer using nanofluid as coolants in engines. Previous studies shows that Al2O3 is found to be more effective in heat transfer due to its high conductive property which is found to increase with concentration. Particles having diameter in the range 10-3 to 10-6 m have low thermal conductivities and cause clogging in the flow section along with significant friction and are highly unstable in solution. Nanoparticles on the other hand are easily dispersed and cause minimal clogging or friction in the flow. In the present work, ethylene glycol-water solution is taken as a base fluid for nanoparticle dispersion. The ratio of water to ethylene glycol used is 80:20 and it has been noted out that heat conduction improved with increasing fraction of ethylene glycol. The experiments were conducted with flow rate of 4,5,6 and 7 L/min and the air flow rate inside the duct was kept constant at 4.9 m/s. The temperature of water in the reservoir is kept at 70°C. The nanoparticles used in this experiment are Cu and TiO2 having particle size less than 80nm. Result shows that there is an improvement of 24.5% in the overall heat transfer coefficient and there was also an increase of 13.9% in the heat transfer rate compared to the base fluid (80:20 Water: EG solution).

Contextual Priming in Semantic Anomia: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Renvall, Kati; Laine, Matti; Martin, Nadine

2005-01-01

The present case continues the series of anomia treatment studies with contextual priming (CP), being the second in-depth treatment study conducted for an individual suffering from semantically based anomia. Our aim was to acquire further evidence of the facilitation and interference effects of the CP treatment on semantic anomia. Based on the…

In-Service EFL Teachers' Beliefs about Teaching Reading Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bamanger, Ebrahim M.; Gashan, Amani K.

2014-01-01

Recent trends in teacher education have focused on exploring teachers' beliefs. Earlier studies have shown the important influence of teachers' beliefs on teaching practices. The present study was conducted to explore the beliefs of Saudi EFL teachers about the significance of teaching English reading strategies. The study aimed also to find the…

Information Searching Behaviour of Young Slovenian Researchers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vilar, Polona; Zumer, Maja

2011-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of an empirical study of information behaviour of young Slovenian researchers. Design/methodology/approach: Built on some well-known models of scholarly information behaviour the study complements a previously conducted study of the same population, which focused on the aspects of user…

Social Anxiety Disorder and Victimization in a Community Sample of Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gren-Landell, Malin; Aho, Nikolas; Andersson, Gerhard; Svedin, Carl Goran

2011-01-01

Despite high prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder (SAD) and high rates of victimization in adolescents, studies on the relationship between these phenomena are missing. In the present study we report associations between SAD and multiple victimization experiences in a community sample of adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on…

SUPERFUND TREATABILITY CLEARINGHOUSE: EVALUATION OF AN ENGINEERED BIODEGRADATION SYSTEM AT THE NASHUA, N.H. SITE

EPA Science Inventory

The treatability study report presents the results of both laboratory and field studies conducted by Koppers on soils from the Nashua, N.H., NPL site. The purpose of these studies was to provide the necessary data to evaluate a ull-scale design for the Engineered Biodeg...

Missouri Extension Study Commission. Report to the Governor and General Assembly.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Missouri State Extension Study Commission, Jefferson City.

A report on the Missouri Extension Study Commission's (a blue ribbon commission) review of the scope, organization, management, and funding of extension activities conducted by Missouri colleges and universities is presented. Based on information obtained from public hearings and studies, 10 general recommendations are offered that pertain to:…

Exploratory Study of the HOPE Foundation[C] Courageous Leadership Academy: Summary of Findings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Seth; Choi, KC; Herman, Becki

2011-01-01

The HOPE Foundation (HOPE) commissioned the American Institutes for Research (AIR) to conduct an exploratory study of the implementation and impact of the Courageous Leadership Academy (CLA). In this report, the authors introduce the school reform model, describe the study methodology, present findings for each of the three research questions…

Technology Utilisation in Elementary Schools in Turkey's Capital: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karaca, Feride; Can, Gulfidan; Yildirim, Soner

2013-01-01

A case study was conducted to explore teachers' current technology use in elementary schools in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. The data were collected through a survey, and participants included 1030 classroom teachers across eight districts. The present study results revealed that significant challenges remain with regard to technology use in the…

Associations between personal exposures to VOCs and alterations in cardiovascular physiology: Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) - presentation

EPA Science Inventory

Introduction: An adult cohort consisting of 63 participants engaged in the US EPA’s recent Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) and a University of Michigan cardiovascular sub-study conducted during summer and winter periods over 3 years between 2004 and 2007...

Academic Culture and Citizenship in Transitional Societies: Case Studies from China and Hungary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Szelényi, Katalin; Rhoads, Robert A.

2013-01-01

Through organizational case studies conducted at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies in China and Central European University in Hungary, this paper examines academic culture and citizenship in societies transitioning from communist to market-driven social and economic structures. The article presents a new model of citizenship, representing…

The Community College IR Shop and Accreditation: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnston, George

2011-01-01

This article presents results of a study the author recently conducted on the role of traditional institutional research (IR) offices in support of accreditation activities and institutional effectiveness. The purpose of the study was to confirm or disconfirm the utility of a theoretical model developed by Brittingham, O'Brien, and Alig (2008) of…

The General Phonetic Characteristics of Languages. Final Report-1967-1968.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Delattre, Pierre

In this final stage of a series of three linguistic studies conducted at the University of California, Santa Barbara, four topics are presented. The longest is a study of consonant gemination in German, Spanish, French, and American English from acoustic, perceptual, and radiographic points of view. Pharyngeal features are studied in the…

Alternative fuels study : a report to Congress on policy options for increasing the use of alternative fuels in transit vehicles, December 2006.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-12-01

This report presents the results of a study required by Section 3016(c) of the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). That section directed the Secretary of Transportation to conduct a study...

Brief Report: Prevalence of Pervasive Developmental Disorder in Brazil--A Pilot Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paula, Cristiane S.; Ribeiro, Sabrina H.; Fombonne, Eric; Mercadante, Marcos T.

2011-01-01

This pilot study presents preliminary results concerning the prevalence of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) in South America. It was a three-phase study conducted in a typical town in Southeast Brazil. Case definition was based in a combination of standardized instruments and clinical evaluations by experts. The prevalence of PDD was…

Study of Effective Alternative Education Programs: Final Grant Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Quinn, Mary Magee; Poirier, Jeffrey M.

2007-01-01

This report presents findings of a study conducted to identify the components of systems that effectively meet the diverse, ever changing needs of children with disabilities for whom traditional school settings do not work. A secondary goal of this study was to develop a conceptually clear and empirically grounded definition of alternative…

Online Instruction, E-Learning, and Student Satisfaction: A Three Year Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cole, Michele T.; Shelley, Daniel J.; Swartz, Louis B.

2014-01-01

This article presents the results of a three-year study of graduate and undergraduate students' level of satisfaction with online instruction at one university. The study expands on earlier research into student satisfaction with e-learning. Researchers conducted a series of surveys over eight academic terms. Five hundred and fifty-three students…

A Mental Health Training Format for Adult Education Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meek, Fiona; Specht, Jacqueline; Rodger, Susan

2017-01-01

The present study investigated the needs of adult education staff pertaining to adult students' mental health issues within a local school board. The study utilized mixed-methods design and was divided into progression of three separate studies. An initial focus group was conducted to identify the 12 participants' concerns and provide a direction…

Reflections of a Multicultural Counseling Course: A Qualitative Study with Counseling Students and Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kagnici, Dilek Yelda

2014-01-01

The present study aimed to examine the contributions of a single multicultural counseling course designed with experiential learning strategies on multicultural awareness and knowledge competencies and the reflections of the training on the counselors' social and vocational life after graduation. For this purpose, two studies were conducted. In…

A History of Study Skills: Not Hot, but Not Forgotten

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J.; Rhodes, Joan A.

2010-01-01

Study skills were an early and important topic in reading; however, since the 1970s, they have received relatively little research attention. The authors systematically analyzed the research conducted on study skills from 1900 to the present. Several themes emerged including: (a) motivation and affect; (b) activities described; (c) metacognition;…

Differences between Learning Styles in Professional Courses at University Level

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Khan, Zebun Nisa

2009-01-01

Problem statement: As shown by research studies, knowledge of learning styles of students on the part of teachers is helpful in enhancing effectiveness of teaching-learning process. The present study was conducted to study and compare learning styles of students pursuing different professional courses at the university stage. The ultimate purpose…

Mental Health Services in Pilot Study Areas: Report on a European Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

World Health Organization, Copenhagen (Denmark). Regional Office for Europe.

The World Health Organization (WHO) conducted a study to collect data on mental health resources of pilot areas within several European countries. This report presents data from the study and provides a detailed and reliable description of the development of mental health services within the WHO European Region. Part I of the report describes the…

Sugar pine utilization: a 30-year transition.

Treesearch

Susan Willits; Thomas D. Fahey

1991-01-01

Utilization standards and measurement systems have changed since the first lumber recovery study was conducted on sugar pine in 1957. These changes prompted a new study to provide new information on lumber volume and value recovery and a comparison to older studies. Lumber volume and value recovery are presented for the recent study on a board- and cubic-foot bases....

A proposal to study the experience of female scientists in Mexico: Physicists as a case study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martínez, Amalia; Blázquez, Norma; Gómez, Yolanda; Vales, Caridad; Meza-Montes, Lilia

2013-03-01

Although the design of public policies to support and improve the status and opportunities for female scientists requires reliable data, studies of this type have not been done in Mexico. We present a proposal to conduct such a study at the national level, with physicists as a test group.

Faculty Perception of Stress and Coping Strategies in a Saudi Private University: An Exploratory Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iqbal, Adnan; Kokash, Husam

2011-01-01

Teaching profession was once viewed as a "low stress occupation" and they have been envied for tenure, light workloads, flexibility and other perks such as foreign trips for study and conference. However, some recent studies suggest that university faculty is among the most stressed occupational group. The present study was conducted to…

Users' Interaction with World Wide Web Resources: An Exploratory Study Using a Holistic Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Peiling; Hawk, William B.; Tenopir, Carol

2000-01-01

Presents results of a study that explores factors of user-Web interaction in finding factual information, develops a conceptual framework for studying user-Web interaction, and applies a process-tracing method for conducting holistic user-Web studies. Describes measurement techniques and proposes a model consisting of the user, interface, and the…

Intervention Integrity in the Low Countries: Interventions Targeting Social-Emotional Behaviors in the School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taal, Margot; Ekels, Elles; van der Valk, Cindel; van der Molen, Maurits

2017-01-01

The current study presents a review of intervention studies conducted in the Low Countries (i.e., The Netherlands and Flanders) focusing on social-emotional behaviors in the school. The primary purpose of this review was to assess whether studies included an operational definition of the intervention under study and reported data on the…

Teacher Evaluation Project. The Beginning Teacher Program, Intellectual Skills Development, Validity Studies of the Evaluation System, Special Instrument Development. Report for 1984-1985.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida Coalition for the Development of a Performance Measurement System, Tallahassee.

Reports, summaries, and recommendations are presented on the following research studies: (1) Beginning Teacher Studies; (2) Instructional Skills for Teaching Higher Order Thinking; (3) Development of the Conferential Observation Instrument; (4) Predictive Validity Studies Conducted to Test the Relationship Between Teacher Performance as Measured…

Pattern of sexually transmitted diseases in patients presenting at Ayub teaching hospital, Abbottabad.

PubMed

Razvi, Syed Kamran Amir; Najeeb, Shahzad; Nazar, Hassan Shahzad

2014-01-01

Sexually transmitted diseases are present in all societies across the globe. Different cultures and societies show a different spectrum of these diseases. The last study conducted in Hazara division was back in 1995. We have conducted this study to see the recent trends and patterns of sexually transmitted diseases in the region. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad and included patients over a five year period from January 2010 till December 2014. Case sheets of 512 presenting with sexually transmitted diseases whose diagnosis was confirmed by related lab investigation were analysed retrospectively. Patients of all ages and both sexes were included. Out of these 512 patients only 47 were females and 465 were males. The age varied from 15-66 years. Gonorrhoea was the commonest disease with 231 cases. Genital warts were diagnosed in 60 cases. Non- gonococcal urethritis was seen in 57 patients. Genital Molluscum contagiosum was seen in 45 patients. Syphillis was diagnosed in 41 patients. Thirty-one cases of herpes genitalis, 25 cases of Chancroid, 13 cases of Lymphogranuloma venereum, were also seen. Five patients were found positive for HIV. Overwhelming majority of the patients were between the age of 19-35 years. 61% of the patients were married. The source of infection in male patients was mainly prostitutes (70%) but also included homosexual boys (21 %), married women (7.5%) and eunuchs (1.5%). The main source of infection in females was from husbands. The number of STD patients presenting in the region has increased significantly. The main factor is obviously the rise in population but also signifies the change in cultural and moral values.

The ac and dc performance of polymeric insulating materials under accelerated aging in a fog chamber

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gorur, R.S.; Cherney, E.A.; Hackam, R.

1988-10-01

The paper presents the results of the dc performance of polymeric insulating materials in a fog chamber. The materials evaluated in fog produced from low (250 ..mu..S/cm) and high (1000 ..mu..S/cm) conductivity water include cylindrical rod samples of high temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicone rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber containing various amounts of either alumina trihydrate (ATH) or silica fillers, or both. Comparison is made of material performance obtained with ac which was reported in an earlier study. In both low and high conductivity fog, the time to failure with ac and +dc was very similar, but amore » reduction by a factor of about four was observed in the time to failure with -dc. For both ac and dc, silicone rubber performed better than EPDM samples in low conductivity fog, while the order of performance was reversed in high conductivity fog. A theoretical model to determine the effect of dry band discharges on material is presented. Good agreement of the predicted behavior of materials with the experimental findings is shown.« less

Characteristics of caring self-efficacy in pediatric nurses: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Alavi, Azam; Bahrami, Masoud; Zargham-Boroujeni, Ali; Yousefy, Alireza

2015-07-01

The present study was conducted to clarify pediatric nurses' characteristics of caring self-efficacy. This study was conducted using a qualitative content analysis approach. The participants included 27 pediatric nurses and clinical instructors, selected purposively. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using the content analysis method. Data analysis generated four main themes as attributes of a self-efficient pediatric nurse including: (a) professional communications; (b) management of care; (c) altruism; and (d) proficiency. Nursing managers and instructors can use these results to help develop nurses' empowerment and self-efficacy, especially in pediatric care. © 2015, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Strategies to improve success of pediatric cancer cooperative group quality of life studies: a report from the Children's Oncology Group.

PubMed

Whitlow, Puja G; Caparas, Mae; Cullen, Patricia; Trask, Christine; Schulte, Fiona; Embry, Leanne; Nagarajan, Rajaram; Johnston, Donna L; Sung, Lillian

2015-06-01

Quality of life (QoL) has been increasingly emphasized in National Cancer Institute (NCI)-sponsored multisite clinical trials. Little is known about the outcomes of these trials in pediatric cancer. Objectives were to describe the proportion of Children's Oncology Group (COG) QoL studies that successfully accrued subjects and were analyzed, presented or published. We conducted a survey to describe outcomes of COG QoL studies. We included studies that contained at least one QoL assessment and were closed to patient accrual at the time of survey dissemination. Respondents were the investigators most responsible for the QoL aim. Sixteen studies were included; response rate was 100%. Nine (56%) studies were embedded into a cancer treatment trial. Only 3 (19%) studies accrued their intended sample size. Seven (44%) studies were analyzed, 9 (56%) were presented, and 6 (38%) were published. NCI-sponsored pediatric QoL studies have high rates of failure to accrue. Many were not analyzed or disseminated. Using these data, strategies have been implemented to improve conduct in future trials. Monitoring of QoL studies is important to maximize the chances of study success.

Developing and validating the Youth Conduct Problems Scale-Rwanda: a mixed methods approach.

PubMed

Ng, Lauren C; Kanyanganzi, Frederick; Munyanah, Morris; Mushashi, Christine; Betancourt, Theresa S

2014-01-01

This study developed and validated the Youth Conduct Problems Scale-Rwanda (YCPS-R). Qualitative free listing (n = 74) and key informant interviews (n = 47) identified local conduct problems, which were compared to existing standardized conduct problem scales and used to develop the YCPS-R. The YCPS-R was cognitive tested by 12 youth and caregiver participants, and assessed for test-retest and inter-rater reliability in a sample of 64 youth. Finally, a purposive sample of 389 youth and their caregivers were enrolled in a validity study. Validity was assessed by comparing YCPS-R scores to conduct disorder, which was diagnosed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children, and functional impairment scores on the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule Child Version. ROC analyses assessed the YCPS-R's ability to discriminate between youth with and without conduct disorder. Qualitative data identified a local presentation of youth conduct problems that did not match previously standardized measures. Therefore, the YCPS-R was developed solely from local conduct problems. Cognitive testing indicated that the YCPS-R was understandable and required little modification. The YCPS-R demonstrated good reliability, construct, criterion, and discriminant validity, and fair classification accuracy. The YCPS-R is a locally-derived measure of Rwandan youth conduct problems that demonstrated good psychometric properties and could be used for further research.

Research in the Classroom: Talk, Texts, and Inquiry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donoahue, Zoe, Ed.; And Others

This book presents nine studies conducted by teacher researchers who explore the oral and written discourse of learning communities--communities of students, communities of teachers, and communities in which students and teachers learn together. The studies focus on journal writing, conversation, story telling, geometry, computer technology, and…

The Relationship between Assessment and Alcohol Treatment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maisto, Stephen A.; Nirenberg, Ted D.

The matching hypothesis, presented in this study, predicts that designing treatment according to patient characteristics leads to better outcomes. A study was conducted to collect data on current practices of patient-treatment matching in alcohol treatment. A questionnaire was completed by 70 directors of Veterans Administration inpatient alcohol…

Social Work Continuing Education: A Statewide Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gianino, Mark; Ruth, Betty J.; Miyake Geron, Scott

2016-01-01

This article presents findings from a 2013 qualitative study of social work continuing education (CE) in Massachusetts. Eleven focus groups were conducted with 75 participants from key stakeholder groups: practitioners, educators, licensing board members, and agency administrators. Although positive perspectives surfaced--such as diversity of CE…

Emotional Intelligence in Library Disaster Response Assistance Teams: Which Competencies Emerged?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkinson, Frances C.

2015-01-01

This qualitative study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence competencies and the personal attributes of library disaster response assistance team (DRAT) members. Using appreciative inquiry protocol to conduct interviews at two academic libraries, the study presents findings from emergent thematic coding of interview…

Boosting Orthographic Learning during Independent Reading

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nielsen, Anne-Mette Veber

2016-01-01

Research has shown that phonological decoding is critical for orthographic learning of new words during independent reading. Moreover, correlational studies have demonstrated that the strength of orthographic learning is related to the orthographic knowledge with which readers approach a text. The present training study was conducted to assess…

Validating Performance Level Descriptors (PLDs) for the AP® Environmental Science Exam

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reshetar, Rosemary; Kaliski, Pamela; Chajewski, Michael; Lionberger, Karen

2012-01-01

This presentation summarizes a pilot study conducted after the May 2011 administration of the AP Environmental Science Exam. The study used analytical methods based on scaled anchoring as input to a Performance Level Descriptor validation process that solicited systematic input from subject matter experts.