Anterior insula signals inequalities in a modified Ultimatum Game.

PubMed

Cheng, Xuemei; Zheng, Li; Li, Lin; Zheng, Yijie; Guo, Xiuyan; Yang, Guang

2017-04-21

Studies employing the Ultimatum Game (UG) which involves two parties (i.e., proposers and responders) splitting some money have suggested the role that anterior insula (AI) plays in detecting fairness norm violation, i.e., violation of the responder's expectation of receiving equal splits from the proposer. In this study, we explored how AI would respond when there existed simultaneously another expectation of being treated equivalently as others. Participants acted as responders and would be informed about both the offers they received and the average amount of money the same proposer offered to others. Hence we introduced different conditions where participants were treated equivalently or not equivalently as other responders in UG. Participants could decide to accept or reject the offer with acceptance leading to the suggested split and rejection leaving both parties nothing. Behavioral results showed that participants rejected more unfair offers and reacted more slowly during acceptance (vs. rejection) of offers when they were offered less than others. At the neural level, stronger AI activation was observed when participants received unfair relative to fair offers, as well as when they received unequal relative to equal offers. Moreover, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/dACC) exhibited greater activity during receiving unequal (vs. equal) offers and during acceptance (vs. rejection) of offers which were less than others'. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that the treatment of others modulated both behavioral responses to unfairness and neural correlates of the fairness-related decision-making process, and that AI played a general role in detecting norm violations. Copyright © 2017 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Presentation of Projects by High School Pupils in a Gifted Programme.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peires, Juliette

Guidelines are offered for helping gifted high school students present oral and written presentations of individual learning projects. Students need to work toward a goal and accept responsibility for presenting the project formally. Written reports foster discipline, completed projects, and documentation for further study. Verbal reports offer…

Documenting Sociolinguistic Variation in Lesser-Studied Indigenous Communities: Challenges and Practical Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mansfield, John; Stanford, James

2017-01-01

Documenting sociolinguistic variation in lesser-studied languages presents methodological challenges, but also offers important research opportunities. In this paper we examine three key methodological challenges commonly faced by researchers who are outsiders to the community. We then present practical solutions for successful variationist…

The Four-Year Liberal Arts College Library: A Descriptive Profile.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buttlar, Lois; Garcha, Rajinder

1995-01-01

Presents a study of staffing, services, budgets, collections, and facilities of small academic libraries and offers a statistical and demographic profile of a four-year liberal arts college library. Results are presented in tables, and an appendix lists coding sheets used for the study. (JMV)

Access to hospitals with high-technology cardiac services: how is race important?

PubMed Central

Blustein, J; Weitzman, B C

1995-01-01

OBJECTIVES. Relatively few hospitals in the United States offer high-technology cardiac services (cardiac catheterization, bypass surgery, or angioplasty). This study examined the association between race and admission to a hospital offering those services. METHODS. Records of 11,410 patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction to hospitals in New York State in 1986 were analyzed. RESULTS. Approximately one third of both White and Black patients presented to hospitals offering high-technology cardiac services. However, in a multivariate model adjusting for home-to-hospital distance, the White-to-Black odds ratio for likelihood of presentation to such a hospital was 1.68 (95% confidence interval = 1.42, 1.98). This discrepancy between the observed and "distance-adjusted" probabilities reflected three phenomena: (1) patients presented to nearby hospitals; (2) Blacks were more likely to live near high-technology hospitals; and (3) there were racial differences in travel patterns. For example, when the nearest hospitals did not include a high-technology hospital, Whites were more likely than Blacks to travel beyond those nearest hospitals to a high-technology hospital. CONCLUSIONS. Whites and Blacks present equally to hospitals offering high-technology cardiac services at the time of acute myocardial infarction. However, there are important underlying racial differences in geographic proximity and tendencies to travel to those hospitals. PMID:7892917

The Pause That Refreshes: A Study of the Discovery Corners in the National Museum of History and Technology Smithsonian Institution.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolf, Robert L.; Tymitz, Barbara L.

This report examines the impact and effectiveness of an educational program (Discovery Corners) offered by the National Museum of History and Technology. The main objective is to offer feedback to museum personnel regarding the impact of museum exhibits and programs. The Discovery Corners program involves on-site presentations and demonstrations…

When Business Gets Involved: A Case Study of Business Community Involvement In Illinois' Early Childhood Education Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kovach, Melissa

2009-01-01

As the first state to offer universal preschool to three-year-olds, Illinois' experience with early childhood education (ECE) policy reform efforts offers lessons about how such change takes shape. This report details Illinois' ECE activities from 1992 to the present, with a particular focus on the business role in ECE policy. Lessons learned…

Friendly Habitat, Endangered Species: Ecological Theory and the Demise of a High School Mandarin Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shouse, Roger C.; Sun, Jinai

2013-01-01

This article presents a case study examining the demise of a high school Mandarin language program in a school district that appeared to offer an exceptionally friendly habitat for its survival. Though members of the school board majority who voted against funding the program offered rational explanations for their decision (e.g., insufficient…

Optional Student Use of Online Lecture Resources: Resource Preferences, Performance and Lecture Attendance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grabe, M.; Christopherson, K.

2008-01-01

One of the most common uses of a course management system in the on-campus environment is to offer lecture resources to students. Few researchers have investigated how students use such resources. This study considers student use of lecture resources that offer a representation of the lecture presented (i.e. lecture outline, lecture summary, audio…

1991 NACUBO Endowment Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of College and University Business Officers, Washington, DC.

This report presents the results of a 1991 study of the performance and management of endowments of colleges and universities. Part I offers information on the data collection and describes several definitions and formula used in the analysis. Part II presents the report's exhibits in two sections the first of which treats endowment…

1992 NACUBO Endowment Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of College and University Business Officers, Washington, DC.

This report presents the results of a 1992 study of the performance and management of college and university endowments. Part I offers succinct information on the data collection process, provides definitions, and explains the formula used in the analysis. Part II presents the report's exhibits in two sections. The first section describes: (1)…

Object Lessons: Thinking about Material Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burkhart, Anne

2006-01-01

This article describes why art educators might consider studying material forms from everyday life, presents suggestions for exploring them in an art classroom, and includes an example to illustrate teaching about an object of material culture. The author presents reasons for studying material culture in the art classroom and offers suggestions…

Power to Punish Norm Violations Affects the Neural Processes of Fairness-Related Decision Making.

PubMed

Cheng, Xuemei; Zheng, Li; Li, Lin; Guo, Xiuyan; Wang, Qianfeng; Lord, Anton; Hu, Zengxi; Yang, Guang

2015-01-01

Punishing norm violations is considered an important motive during rejection of unfair offers in the ultimatum game (UG). The present study investigates the impact of the power to punish norm violations on people's responses to unfairness and associated neural correlates. In the UG condition participants had the power to punish norm violations, while an alternate condition, the impunity game (IG), was presented where participants had no power to punish norm violations since rejection only reduced the responder's income to zero. Results showed that unfair offers were rejected more often in UG compared to IG. At the neural level, anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were more active when participants received and rejected unfair offers in both UG and IG. Moreover, greater dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity was observed when participants rejected than accepted unfair offers in UG but not in IG. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation was higher in UG than IG when unfair offers were accepted as well as when rejecting unfair offers in IG as opposed to UG. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the power to punish norm violations affects not only people's behavioral responses to unfairness but also the neural correlates of the fairness-related social decision-making process.

Investigating Barriers in HIV-Testing Oncology Patients: The IBITOP Study, Phase I

PubMed Central

Merz, Laurent; Zimmermann, Stefan; Peters, Solange; Cavassini, Matthias

2016-01-01

Background. Although the prevalence of non-AIDS-defining cancers (non-ADCs) among people living with HIV is rising, we observed HIV testing rates below 5% at our oncology center, against a regional HIV prevalence of 0.2%–0.4%. We performed the Investigating Barriers in HIV-Testing Oncology Patients (IBITOP) study among oncology physicians and patients. Methods. Between July 1 and October 31, 2013, patients of unknown HIV status newly diagnosed with solid-organ non-ADCs referred to Lausanne University Hospital Oncology Service, Switzerland, were offered free HIV testing as part of their oncology work-up. The primary endpoints were (a) physician willingness to offer and patient acceptance of HIV testing and (b) physicians’ reasons for not offering testing. Results. Of 239 patients of unknown HIV status with a new non-ADC diagnosis, 43 (18%) were offered HIV testing, of whom 4 declined (acceptance rate: 39 of 43; 91%). Except for 21 patients tested prior to oncology consultation, 175 patients (of 239; 73%) were not offered testing. Testing rate declined among patients who were >70 years old (12% versus 30%; p = .04); no non-European patients were tested. Physicians gave reasons for not testing in 16% of cases, the main reason being patient follow-up elsewhere (10 patients; 5.7%). HIV testing during the IBITOP study increased the HIV testing rate to 18%. Conclusion. Although the IBITOP study increased HIV testing rates, most patients were not tested. Testing was low or nonexistent among individuals at risk of late HIV presentation (older patients and migrants). Barriers to testing appear to be physician-led, because patient acceptance of testing offered was very high (91%). In November 2013, the Swiss HIV testing recommendations were updated to propose testing in cancer patients. Phase II of the IBITOP study is examining the effect of these recommendations on HIV testing rates and focusing on physician-led testing barriers. Implications for Practice: Patients of unknown HIV status newly diagnosed with solid-organ non-AIDS-defining cancers were offered free HIV testing. Physician and patient barriers to HIV testing were examined. Most patients (82%) were not offered testing, and testing of individuals at risk of late HIV presentation (older patients and migrants) was low or nonexistent. Conversely, patient acceptance of testing offered was very high (91%), suggesting that testing barriers in this setting are physician-led. Since this study, the Swiss HIV testing recommendations now advise testing cancer patients before chemotherapy. Phase II of the Investigating Barriers in HIV-Testing Oncology Patients study is examining the effect of these recommendations on testing rates and physician barriers. PMID:27440062

EFL Students Use of Technology in the Presentations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Özad, Bahire Efe; Kutoglu, Ülfet

2004-01-01

English for Mass Communication is a course offered by the Faculty of Communication and Media Studies to the students studying at the Departments of Journalism, Radio, Television and Film, and Public Relations and Advertising in their sophomore year. Students taking this course are required to make a presentation at the end of the semester. In…

Counterfactual comparison modulates fairness consideration in the mini-ultimatum game: an event-related potentials study.

PubMed

Liang, Jiafeng; Lin, Huiyan; Xiang, Jing; Wu, Hao; Li, Xu; Liang, Hongyu; Zheng, Xue

2015-04-01

Existing literature on the mini-ultimatum game indicates that counterfactual comparison between chosen and unchosen alternatives is of great importance for individual's fairness consideration. However, it is still unclear how counterfactual comparison influences the electrophysiological responses to unfair chosen offers. In conjunction with event-related potentials' (ERPs) technique, the current study aimed to explore the issue by employing a modified version of the mini-ultimatum game where a fixed set of two alternatives (unfair offer vs. fair alternative, unfair vs. hyperfair alternative, unfair offer vs. hyperunfair alternative) was presented before the chosen offer. The behavioral results showed that participants were more likely to accept unfair chosen offers when the unchosen alternative was hyperunfair than when the unchosen alternative was fair or hyperfair. The ERPs results showed that the feedback-related negativity (FRN) elicited by unfair chosen offers was insensitive to the type of unchosen alternative when correcting for possible overlap with other components. In contrast, unfair chosen offers elicited larger P300 amplitudes when the unchosen alternative was hyperunfair than when the unchosen alternative was fair or hyperfair. These findings suggest that counterfactual comparison may take effect at later stages of fairness consideration as reflected by the P300. © 2015 Scandinavian Psychological Associations and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The Impact of an ECV Service is Limited by Antenatal Breech Detection: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

PubMed

Hemelaar, Joris; Lim, Lee N; Impey, Lawrence W

2015-06-01

External cephalic version (ECV) reduces the chance of breech presentation at term birth and lowers the chance of a cesarean delivery. ECV services are now in place in many units in the United Kingdom but their effectiveness is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for breech presentation at term birth. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 394 consecutive babies who were in breech presentation at term birth in a large United Kingdom maternity unit that offers ECV. The cohort was analyzed over two time periods 10 years apart: 1998-1999 and 2008-2009. Only 33.8 percent of women had undergone a (failed) ECV attempt. This low proportion was mainly because breech presentation was not diagnosed antenatally (27.9%). Other contributing factors were: ECV not offered by clinicians (12.2%), ECV declined by women (14%), and contraindications to ECV (10.7%). Over the 10-year period, the proportion of breech presentations that were not diagnosed antenatally increased from 23.2 to 32.5 percent (p = 0.04), which constituted 52.8 percent of women who had not undergone an ECV attempt in 2008-2009. Failure of clinicians to offer ECV reduced from 21.6 to 3.0 percent (p = 0.0001) and the proportion of women declining ECV decreased from 19.1 to 9.0 percent (p = 0.005). Overall, ECV attempts increased from 28.9 to 38.5 percent (p = 0.05). Although ECV counseling, referral, and attempt rates have increased, failure to detect breech presentation antenatally is the principal barrier to successful ECV. Improved breech detection would have a greater impact than methods to increase ECV success rates. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Web-based training in German university eye hospitals - Education 2.0?

PubMed

Handzel, Daniel M; Hesse, L

2011-01-01

To analyse web-based training in ophthalmology offered by German university eye hospitals. In January 2010 the websites of all 36 German university hospitals were searched for information provided for visitors, students and doctors alike. We evaluated the offer in terms of quantity and quality. All websites could be accessed at the time of the study. 28 pages provided information for students and doctors, one page only for students, three exclusively for doctors. Four pages didn't offer any information for these target groups. The websites offered information on events like congresses or students curricular education, there were also material for download for these events or for other purposes. We found complex e-learning-platforms on 9 pages. These dealt with special ophthalmological topics in a didactic arrangement. In spite of the extensive possibilities offered by the technology of Web 2.0, many conceivable tools were only rarely made available. It was not always possible to determine if the information provided was up-to-date, very often the last actualization of the content was long ago. On one page the date for the last change was stated as 2004. Currently there are 9 functional e-learning-applications offered by German university eye hospitals. Two additional hospitals present links to a project of the German Ophthalmological Society. There was a considerable variation in quantity and quality. No website made use of crediting successful studying, e.g. with CME-points or OSCE-credits. All German university eye hospitals present themselves in the World Wide Web. However, the lack of modern, technical as well as didactical state-of-the-art learning applications is alarming as it leaves an essential medium of today's communication unused.

Student Presentations of Case Studies to Illustrate Core Concepts in Soil Biogeochemistry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duckworth, Owen W.; Harrington, James M.

2012-01-01

Soil biogeochemistry, a discipline that explores the chemical speciation and transformations of elements in soils and the relationships between soils and global biogeochemical cycles, is becoming a popular course offering because it unites themes from a number of other courses. In this article, we present a set of case studies that have been used…

Strategies for making oral presentations about clinical issues: Part I. At the workplace.

PubMed

Brown, Janet M; Schmidt, Nola A

2009-04-01

This column offers strategies that clinicians can use to make effective oral presentations at work. Part II, which will be published next month, will offer strategies for making oral presentations at professional conferences.

Communication skills in pediatrics – the relationship between pediatrician and child

PubMed Central

Mărginean, Cristina Oana; Meliţ, Lorena Elena; Chinceşan, Mihaela; Mureşan, Simona; Georgescu, Anca Meda; Suciu, Nicoleta; Pop, Anisoara; Azamfirei, Leonard

2017-01-01

Abstract Interpersonal and communication skills are 2 essential qualities of every physician. These are separate and distinct parts of the professional character of every physician. In pediatrics these abilities present even a higher impact. We performed a survey-type prospective study based on questionnaires on 100 subjects, equally divided into 4 groups: 25 children, 25 pediatricians, 25 care-givers (parents, tutors, and relatives), and 25 health care staff, in a Tertiary Pediatric Clinic from Romania, between January 2017 and April 2017. We included 100 participants in our study, equally divided into 4 groups: pediatric patients, pediatricians, care-givers, and health care staff. The 1st group comprised 25 children diagnosed with different chronic conditions, presenting the age between 5 and 14 years. The male gender predominated among the children (57%). The lowest general average score for “Communication” section was encountered among pediatricians group, 3.8, while the other 3 groups presented the same average score for this section, that is, 4.6. The children and the health care staff offered the same average score for “Transparency,” that is, 4.6, while the pediatricians offered a score of 4.5, and the care-givers of 4.7. The lowest average score for the item “Hospital environment” was given by the doctors, that is, 3.3, followed by care-givers with a score of 3.6, health care staff 3.7, and children with an average score of 3.8. All the 4 groups included in the study offered a general average of 4.9 out of 5 for the “Intercultural issues” section. The lowest average score for “Time management” section was offered by both children and pediatricians, that is, 4.1, while care-givers and health care staff had a slightly better perception regarding this item, offering 4.2 and 4.3, respectively. The opinion among the 4 groups included in the study was generally similar regarding the 5 items assessed by our questionnaires. Therefore, the main aspects that need to be improved in the health care system in downward order are the following: hospital environment, time management, communication, transparency, and intercultural issues. PMID:29069036

Communication skills in pediatrics - the relationship between pediatrician and child.

PubMed

Mărginean, Cristina Oana; Meliţ, Lorena Elena; Chinceşan, Mihaela; Mureşan, Simona; Georgescu, Anca Meda; Suciu, Nicoleta; Pop, Anisoara; Azamfirei, Leonard

2017-10-01

Interpersonal and communication skills are 2 essential qualities of every physician. These are separate and distinct parts of the professional character of every physician. In pediatrics these abilities present even a higher impact.We performed a survey-type prospective study based on questionnaires on 100 subjects, equally divided into 4 groups: 25 children, 25 pediatricians, 25 care-givers (parents, tutors, and relatives), and 25 health care staff, in a Tertiary Pediatric Clinic from Romania, between January 2017 and April 2017.We included 100 participants in our study, equally divided into 4 groups: pediatric patients, pediatricians, care-givers, and health care staff. The 1st group comprised 25 children diagnosed with different chronic conditions, presenting the age between 5 and 14 years. The male gender predominated among the children (57%). The lowest general average score for "Communication" section was encountered among pediatricians group, 3.8, while the other 3 groups presented the same average score for this section, that is, 4.6. The children and the health care staff offered the same average score for "Transparency," that is, 4.6, while the pediatricians offered a score of 4.5, and the care-givers of 4.7. The lowest average score for the item "Hospital environment" was given by the doctors, that is, 3.3, followed by care-givers with a score of 3.6, health care staff 3.7, and children with an average score of 3.8. All the 4 groups included in the study offered a general average of 4.9 out of 5 for the "Intercultural issues" section. The lowest average score for "Time management" section was offered by both children and pediatricians, that is, 4.1, while care-givers and health care staff had a slightly better perception regarding this item, offering 4.2 and 4.3, respectively.The opinion among the 4 groups included in the study was generally similar regarding the 5 items assessed by our questionnaires. Therefore, the main aspects that need to be improved in the health care system in downward order are the following: hospital environment, time management, communication, transparency, and intercultural issues.

Patterns of Responding in the Word Associations of West African Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharp, Donald; Cole, Michael

1972-01-01

Studies conducted among the Kpelle of north central Liberia whose present cultural milieu offers unique possibilities for studying the role of particular experiential factors, particularly education, on the development of paradigmatic response. (Authors)

Identifying Needs: a Qualitative Study of women's Experiences Regarding Rapid Genetic Testing for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in the DNA BONus Study.

PubMed

Augestad, Mirjam Tonheim; Høberg-Vetti, Hildegunn; Bjorvatn, Cathrine; Sekse, Ragnhild Johanne Tveit

2017-02-01

Genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer is increasingly being offered in newly diagnosed breast and ovarian cancer patients. This genetic information may influence treatment decisions. However, there are some concerns that genetic testing offered in an already vulnerable situation might be an extra burden to these women. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of women who had been offered and accepted genetic testing when newly diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer. Four semi-structured focus-group interviews were conducted with 17 women recruited from a Norwegian multicenter study. The material was condensed, and conventional qualitative analysis was used to identify patterns in the participants' descriptions. Three core themes were identified: 1) being "beside oneself" 2) altruism and ethical dilemmas 3) the need for support and counselling to assist the decision process. The present study indicates that women who are offered genetic testing when newly diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer want a consultation with a health professional. Personalized support and counselling might empower women to improve their ability to manage and comprehend this overwhelming situation, and find meaning in this experience.

The Interaction-Activity Connection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Borne, Kirk D.

1996-01-01

A review is presented of the numerous studies that have been undertaken to investigate the likely interaction-activity connection among galaxies. Both observational evidence and theoretical supporting models are reviewed. Some specific examples of "interactive" galaxies from the author's own research are presented: (a) the collision-induced AGN (Active Galactic Nuclei) activity in the radio jet source 3C278; and (b) the collision-induced starburst activity in the spectacular "Cartwheel" ring galaxy. Some comments are offered concerning some of the more promising theoretical investigations that are now taking place. A few words of warning are also offered about the possible misinterpretation of putative collision-induced morphologies among some galaxy samples.

Spatial distribution of traffic in a cellular mobile data network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Linnartz, J. P. M. G.

1987-02-01

The use of integral transforms of the probability density function for the received power to analyze the relation between the spatial distributions of offered and throughout packet traffic in a mobile radio network with Rayleigh fading channels and ALOHA multiple access was assessed. A method to obtain the spatial distribution of throughput traffic from a prescribed spatial distribution of offered traffic is presented. Incoherent and coherent addition of interference signals is considered. The channel behavior for heavy traffic loads is studied. In both the incoherent and coherent case, the spatial distribution of offered traffic required to ensure a prescribed spatially uniform throughput is synthesized numerically.

Future Educators' Explaining Voices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Oliveira, Janaina Minelli; Caballero, Pablo Buenestado; Camacho, Mar

2013-01-01

Teacher education programs must offer pre-service students innovative technology-supported learning environments, guiding them in the revision of their preconceptions on literacy and technology. This present paper presents a case study that uses podcast to inquiry into future educators' views on technology and the digital age. Results show future…

Emotional Expression in Simple Line Drawings of a Robot's Face Leads to Higher Offers in the Ultimatum Game.

PubMed

Terada, Kazunori; Takeuchi, Chikara

2017-01-01

In the present study, we investigated whether expressing emotional states using a simple line drawing to represent a robot's face can serve to elicit altruistic behavior from humans. An experimental investigation was conducted in which human participants interacted with a humanoid robot whose facial expression was shown on an LCD monitor that was mounted as its head (Study 1). Participants were asked to play the ultimatum game, which is usually used to measure human altruistic behavior. All participants were assigned to be the proposer and were instructed to decide their offer within 1 min by controlling a slider bar. The corners of the robot's mouth, as indicated by the line drawing, simply moved upward, or downward depending on the position of the slider bar. The results suggest that the change in the facial expression depicted by a simple line drawing of a face significantly affected the participant's final offer in the ultimatum game. The offers were increased by 13% when subjects were shown contingent changes of facial expression. The results were compared with an experiment in a teleoperation setting in which participants interacted with another person through a computer display showing the same line drawings used in Study 1 (Study 2). The results showed that offers were 15% higher if participants were shown a contingent facial expression change. Together, Studies 1 and 2 indicate that emotional expression in simple line drawings of a robot's face elicits the same higher offer from humans as a human telepresence does.

Emotional Expression in Simple Line Drawings of a Robot's Face Leads to Higher Offers in the Ultimatum Game

PubMed Central

Terada, Kazunori; Takeuchi, Chikara

2017-01-01

In the present study, we investigated whether expressing emotional states using a simple line drawing to represent a robot's face can serve to elicit altruistic behavior from humans. An experimental investigation was conducted in which human participants interacted with a humanoid robot whose facial expression was shown on an LCD monitor that was mounted as its head (Study 1). Participants were asked to play the ultimatum game, which is usually used to measure human altruistic behavior. All participants were assigned to be the proposer and were instructed to decide their offer within 1 min by controlling a slider bar. The corners of the robot's mouth, as indicated by the line drawing, simply moved upward, or downward depending on the position of the slider bar. The results suggest that the change in the facial expression depicted by a simple line drawing of a face significantly affected the participant's final offer in the ultimatum game. The offers were increased by 13% when subjects were shown contingent changes of facial expression. The results were compared with an experiment in a teleoperation setting in which participants interacted with another person through a computer display showing the same line drawings used in Study 1 (Study 2). The results showed that offers were 15% higher if participants were shown a contingent facial expression change. Together, Studies 1 and 2 indicate that emotional expression in simple line drawings of a robot's face elicits the same higher offer from humans as a human telepresence does. PMID:28588520

Graduate Liberal Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Peggy, Ed.

1982-01-01

An article on graduate liberal studies (GLS) and descriptions of GLS programs are presented. In "The Concept of Graduate Liberal Studies," Allie M. Frazier considers GLS curricular offerings, characteristics of students pursuing these studies, and the future of GLS. GLS degree programs allow adults to pursue a liberal education, which is…

Use of Case Studies to Introduce Undergraduate Students to Principles of Food Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Epidemiology of Food-Borne Disease

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ponder, Monica A.; Sumner, Susan

2009-01-01

Mock outbreaks of infectious disease offer the ability to introduce principles of food microbiology, ecology, and epidemiology to undergraduate students using an inquiry driven process. Students were presented with an epidemiological case study detailing patient history, clinical presentation, and foods recently consumed. The students then had to…

Dental caries, age and anxiety: factors influencing sedation choice for children attending for emergency dental care.

PubMed

Carson, P; Freeman, R

2001-02-01

The aim of the study was to examine how physical (dental caries) and psychosocial (age, dental anxiety and dental health behaviour) factors, associated with child and parent, influenced dentists' sedation choice when a child presents in pain. 600 parents whose children were aged between 5 and 11 years took part: 200 attended for routine dental care (RDC); the remaining 400 attended as emergency patients and were offered either dental general anaesthesia (DGA) or relative analgesia (RA). The subjects were approached and invited to take part. The researcher was blind as to the child's pattern of dental attendance and the type of sedation offered. All parents and children completed self-reported ratings of dental anxiety. The children's teeth were examined to determine past and present dental caries experience. The results showed that children who were offered DGA had greater experience of dentinal caries, were younger and dentally anxious. The children offered RA were older, had a higher frequency of brushing their teeth with fluoride toothpaste and were also dentally anxious. Discriminant analysis showed that 2 canonical functions provided clear categorisation of the three treatment groups. Function 1 was a physical (dental caries) factor, which was related to the child's experience of dentinal caries. Function 2 was a psychosocial factor, which was related to the child's age, dental anxiety and frequency of tooth brushing. A greater proportion of the variance in the treatment offered was explained by Function 1, suggesting that the most important factor in the decision to offer DGA was dentinal caries. Function 2 was of lesser importance. The findings have implications for the type of sedation offered to children presenting for emergency care. These children may not otherwise receive treatment and the need to provide less anxiety provoking forms of sedation must be promoted. By doing so, parents who have only brought their children when in pain may take advantage of RDC and the treatments offered to prevent and control dental caries and anxiety in their children.

Thermionic/AMTEC cascade converter concept for high-efficiency space power

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hagan, T.H. van; Smith, J.N. Jr.; Schuller, M.

1996-12-31

This paper presents trade studies that address the use of the thermionic/AMTEC cell--a cascaded, high-efficiency, static power conversion concept that appears well-suited to space power applications. Both the thermionic and AMTEC power conversion approaches have been shown to be promising candidates for space power. Thermionics offers system compactness via modest efficiency at high heat rejection temperatures, and AMTEC offers high efficiency at modest heat rejection temperature. From a thermal viewpoint the two are ideally suited for cascaded power conversion: thermionic heat rejection and AMTEC heat source temperatures are essentially the same. In addition to realizing conversion efficiencies potentially as highmore » as 35--40%, such a cascade offers the following perceived benefits: survivability; simplicity; technology readiness; and technology growth. Mechanical approaches and thermal/electric matching criteria for integrating thermionics and AMTEC into a single conversion device are described. Focusing primarily on solar thermal space power applications, parametric trends are presented to show the performance and cost potential that should be achievable with present-day technology in cascaded thermionic/AMTEC systems.« less

Deliberate or unintended: Intentions modulate empathic responses to others' economic payoffs in social interactions.

PubMed

Ma, Qingguo; Meng, Liang; Shen, Qiang

2017-12-01

Previous studies examining empathy have revealed the neural substrates of how the physical pain of others is represented in the human brain. However, little is known about the empathic modulation of behavioral and neural responses to others' economic payoffs, especially in the social context. In the present study, we engaged participants in a revised Dictator Game as observers who observe the powerless players receiving varied offers proposed by the dominant players, establishing the link between empathy and fairness perception. Results showed that unfair division schemes elicited a more pronounced FRN than fair ones only if a human agent proposed the initial offer. In addition, observers sacrificed their own payments to adjust unfair proposals, especially when a human agent proposed the offer. Thus, results of the current study demonstrated that perceived intention modulates behavioral and neural responses to others' economic payoffs in social interactions.

Emotion Regulation in Adolescent Males with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Testing the Effects of Comorbid Conduct Disorder.

PubMed

Northover, Clare; Thapar, Anita; Langley, Kate; van Goozen, Stephanie

2015-09-07

Although attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to emotion dysregulation, few studies have experimentally investigated this whilst controlling for the effects of comorbid conduct disorder (CD). Economic decision-making games that assess how individuals respond to offers varying in fairness have been used to study emotion regulation. The present study compared adolescent boys with ADHD (n = 90), ADHD + CD (n = 94) and typical controls (n = 47) on the Ultimatum Game and examined the contribution of ADHD and CD symptom scores and callous and unemotional traits to acceptance levels of unfair offers. There were no significant differences in acceptance rates of fair and highly unfair offers between groups, and only boys with ADHD did not significantly differ from the controls. However, the subgroup of boys with ADHD and additional high levels of aggressive CD symptoms rejected significantly more ambiguous (i.e., moderately unfair) offers than any other subgroup, suggesting impaired emotion regulation in those with ADHD and aggressive CD. Correlations within the CD group showed that the rejection rate to moderately unfair offers was predicted by aggressive CD symptom severity, but not callous and unemotional traits. These findings highlight the fact that ADHD is a heterogeneous condition from an emotion regulation point of view.

Insurance: Teacher's Guide. IIC.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of the South Pacific, Suva (Fiji).

The document presents a guide for teaching insurance protection based on the needs of students in the South Pacific. It is presented as a unit of study within the area of consumer education. Suggestions for unit objectives, student activities, time allocation, teaching methods, and reference materials are offered. A lesson plan is outlined based…

Higher Education Research & Development, Volume 3, Number 1, 1984.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powell, J. P., Ed.

Seven articles on higher education in Australia are presented, along with two review articles. "Operation Bootstrap--Reflections of a Staff Developer" (Colin Flood Page) offers views on various aspects of college learning and teaching. Findings of a study on student learning through essay-writing are presented in "Essay Planning and…

Effect of a fall prevention program on balance maintenance using a quasi-experimental design in real-world settings.

PubMed

Robitaille, Yvonne; Fournier, Michel; Laforest, Sophie; Gauvin, Lise; Filiatrault, Johanne; Corriveau, Hélène

2012-08-01

To examine the effect of a fall prevention program offered under real-world conditions on balance maintenance several months after the program. To explore the program's impact on falls. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among community-dwelling seniors, with pre- and postintervention measures of balance performance and self-reported falls. Ten community-based organizations offered the intervention (98 participants) and 7 recruited participants to the study's control arm (102 participants). An earlier study examined balance immediately after the 12-week program. The present study focuses on the 12-month effect. Linear regression (balance) and negative binomial regression (falls) procedures were performed.falls. During the 12-month study period, experimental participants improved and maintained their balance as reflected by their scores on three performance tests. There was no evidence of an effect on falls.falls. Structured group exercise programs offered in community-based settings can maintain selected components of balance for several months after the program's end.

Block 2 Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) conceptual design study. Volume 1: Appendices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

The design studies task implements the primary objective of developing a Block II Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) design offering improved flight safety and reliability. The SRM literature was reviewed. The Preliminary Development and Validation Plan is presented.

Code IN Exhibits - Supercomputing 2000

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yarrow, Maurice; McCann, Karen M.; Biswas, Rupak; VanderWijngaart, Rob F.; Kwak, Dochan (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

The creation of parameter study suites has recently become a more challenging problem as the parameter studies have become multi-tiered and the computational environment has become a supercomputer grid. The parameter spaces are vast, the individual problem sizes are getting larger, and researchers are seeking to combine several successive stages of parameterization and computation. Simultaneously, grid-based computing offers immense resource opportunities but at the expense of great difficulty of use. We present ILab, an advanced graphical user interface approach to this problem. Our novel strategy stresses intuitive visual design tools for parameter study creation and complex process specification, and also offers programming-free access to grid-based supercomputer resources and process automation.

Be Strong Enough to Say No: Self-Affirmation Increases Rejection to Unfair Offers

PubMed Central

Gu, Ruolei; Yang, Jing; Shi, Yuanyuan; Luo, Yi; Luo, Yu L. L.; Cai, Huajian

2016-01-01

We propose that self-affirmation may endow people more psychological resources to buffer against the negative influence of rejecting unfair offers in the classic ultimatum game (UG) and further lead to a stronger tendency to reject those offers. We tested this possibility by conducting an event-related potential (ERP) study about the UG, with the ERP component P3 as an indirect indicator of psychological resources. Participants were randomly assigned to the affirmation or control condition and then completed the UG through electrophysiological recording. As expected, the behavioral data indicated that compared with unaffirmed ones, affirmed participants were more likely to reject unfair UG offers; the electrophysiological data indicated that compared to the unaffirmed, affirmed participants showed a greater P3 in response to the presentation of an offer. These findings suggest that psychological resources may play a role in rejecting others beyond the fairness concern, and additionally shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying self-affirmation. PMID:27920742

Be Strong Enough to Say No: Self-Affirmation Increases Rejection to Unfair Offers.

PubMed

Gu, Ruolei; Yang, Jing; Shi, Yuanyuan; Luo, Yi; Luo, Yu L L; Cai, Huajian

2016-01-01

We propose that self-affirmation may endow people more psychological resources to buffer against the negative influence of rejecting unfair offers in the classic ultimatum game (UG) and further lead to a stronger tendency to reject those offers. We tested this possibility by conducting an event-related potential (ERP) study about the UG, with the ERP component P3 as an indirect indicator of psychological resources. Participants were randomly assigned to the affirmation or control condition and then completed the UG through electrophysiological recording. As expected, the behavioral data indicated that compared with unaffirmed ones, affirmed participants were more likely to reject unfair UG offers; the electrophysiological data indicated that compared to the unaffirmed, affirmed participants showed a greater P3 in response to the presentation of an offer. These findings suggest that psychological resources may play a role in rejecting others beyond the fairness concern, and additionally shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying self-affirmation.

An Advanced User Interface Approach for Complex Parameter Study Process Specification in the Information Power Grid

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yarrow, Maurice; McCann, Karen M.; Biswas, Rupak; VanderWijngaart, Rob; Yan, Jerry C. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

The creation of parameter study suites has recently become a more challenging problem as the parameter studies have now become multi-tiered and the computational environment has become a supercomputer grid. The parameter spaces are vast, the individual problem sizes are getting larger, and researchers are now seeking to combine several successive stages of parameterization and computation. Simultaneously, grid-based computing offers great resource opportunity but at the expense of great difficulty of use. We present an approach to this problem which stresses intuitive visual design tools for parameter study creation and complex process specification, and also offers programming-free access to grid-based supercomputer resources and process automation.

Motion compensation using a suctioning stabilizer for intravital microscopy

PubMed Central

Vinegoni, Claudio; Lee, Sungon; Gorbatov, Rostic; Weissleder, Ralph

2013-01-01

Motion artifacts continue to present a major challenge to single cell imaging in cardiothoracic organs such as the beating heart, blood vessels, or lung. In this study, we present a new water-immersion suctioning stabilizer that enables minimally invasive intravital fluorescence microscopy using water-based stick objectives. The stabilizer works by reducing major motion excursions and can be used in conjunction with both prospective or retrospective gating approaches. We show that the new approach offers cellular resolution in the beating murine heart without perturbing normal physiology. In addition, because this technique allows multiple areas to be easily probed, it offers the opportunity for wide area coverage at high resolution. PMID:24086796

The processing course of conflicts in third-party punishment: An event-related potential study.

PubMed

Qu, Lulu; Dou, Wei; You, Cheng; Qu, Chen

2014-09-01

In social decision-making games, uninvolved third parties usually severely punish norm violators, even though the punishment is costly for them. For this irrational behavior, the conflict caused by punishment satisfaction and monetary loss is obvious. In the present study, 18 participants observed a Dictator Game and were asked about their willingness to incur some cost to change the offers by reducing the dictator's money. A response-locked event-related potential (ERP) component, the error negativity or error-related negativity (Ne/ERN), which is evoked by error or conflict, was analyzed to investigate whether a trade-off between irrational punishment and rational private benefit occurred in the brain responses of third parties. We examined the effect of the choice type ("to change the offer" or "not to change the offer") and levels of unfairness (90:10 and 70:30) on Ne/ERN amplitudes. The results indicated that there was an ERN effect for unfair offers as Ne/ERN amplitudes were more negative for not to change the offer choices than for to change the offer choices, which suggested that participants encountered more conflict when they did not change unfair offers. Furthermore, it was implied that altruistic punishment, rather than rational utilitarianism, might be the prepotent tendency for humans that is involved in the early stage of decision-making. © 2014 The Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Spacelab system analysis: A study of the Marshall Avionics System Testbed (MAST)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ingels, Frank M.; Owens, John K.; Daniel, Steven P.; Ahmad, F.; Couvillion, W.

1988-09-01

An analysis of the Marshall Avionics Systems Testbed (MAST) communications requirements is presented. The average offered load for typical nodes is estimated. Suitable local area networks are determined.

Japan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geiger, Rita; And Others

The document offers practical and motivating techniques for studying Japan. Dedicated to promoting global awareness, separate sections discuss Japan's geography, history, culture, education, government, economics, energy, transportation, and communication. Each section presents a topical overview; suggested classroom activities; and easily…

Spacelab system analysis: A study of the Marshall Avionics System Testbed (MAST)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ingels, Frank M.; Owens, John K.; Daniel, Steven P.; Ahmad, F.; Couvillion, W.

1988-01-01

An analysis of the Marshall Avionics Systems Testbed (MAST) communications requirements is presented. The average offered load for typical nodes is estimated. Suitable local area networks are determined.

Classroom Research by Classroom Teachers, 1992.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tanner, Michael, Ed.

1992-01-01

This volume celebrates teachers as life-long learners of the art of teaching, by presenting 21 action research studies designed and implemented by classroom teachers. A "How To Get Started" section outlines action research steps and offers worksheets. Descriptions of the research studies begin with ethnographic studies, which include "Adopt a…

Black Studies in Independent Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zitin, S. L.; And Others

This packet, prepared to give support and guidance to independent schools striving to develop courses and design curricula in Afro-American studies, presents sampling course descriptions from seven selected schools on black studies intended for junior high and senior high students and offers two statements on black literature. The booklet is…

Human Ecology. Study Guide and Course Outline.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zaki, Gamal

An inservice course offered to elementary and secondary teachers and other concerned citizens in Rhode Island was presented in fifteen television programs. This study guide includes a description of the fifteen sessions. For each there is given a brief introduction and summary, an outline, questions for further study, and a bibliography of…

Workplace Basic Skills. A Study of 10 Canadian Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Maurice

Presented in case study format, this report looks at different types of workplace literacy programs across Canada. It describes in some detail 10 particular work environments and the unique characteristics that have enabled each to offer quality worker education programs. Each case study provides information in these categories: profile (an…

Post-Graduate Education for Librarianship at Yugoslavia's University of Zagreb

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cveljo, Katherine

1977-01-01

The development and present state of the Center for Post-Graduate Study in Librarianship, Documentation and Information Sciences is described. At present the center offers two graduate degrees in the areas of 1.) librarianship; 2.) museology; 3.) archivistics; and 4.) information sciences and services. This paper centers primarily on librarianship…

Reworked Coursework: A Study of the Effect of Offering an Academic Second Chance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cowan, John

1980-01-01

Undergraduate engineering students were required to write research papers and present them to the class, which would prepare appraisals and discuss the work. The original authors would then rework their papers. An analysis of this approach is presented and indicates that it is a useful educational strategy. (Author/JMD)

Sex Role Socialization and Sex Discrimination: A Synthesis and Critique of the Literature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Safilios-Rothschild, Constantina

This report presents a synthesis and critique of approximately 850 books, research studies, and journal articles appearing between 1960 and 1978 on sex role socialization and sex discrimination. It also offers a number of hypotheses regarding the emergence, maintenance, and elimination of sex discrimination. This document is presented in six…

Academic Year Abroad. An IIE Guide To Study Abroad. 1989/90.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, E. Marguerite, Ed.

A guide to planning academic year study abroad by the Institute of International Education (IEE) is presented. It offers relevant items of information on over 1,800 postsecondary study programs in other countries during the academic year. Suggestions on planning for study abroad are included (researching the options, educational choices, travel…

Limitations of poster presentations reporting educational innovations at a major international medical education conference.

PubMed

Gordon, Morris; Darbyshire, Daniel; Saifuddin, Aamir; Vimalesvaran, Kavitha

2013-02-19

In most areas of medical research, the label of 'quality' is associated with well-accepted standards. Whilst its interpretation in the field of medical education is contentious, there is agreement on the key elements required when reporting novel teaching strategies. We set out to assess if these features had been fulfilled by poster presentations at a major international medical education conference. Such posters were analysed in four key areas: reporting of theoretical underpinning, explanation of instructional design methods, descriptions of the resources needed for introduction, and the offering of materials to support dissemination. Three hundred and twelve posters were reviewed with 170 suitable for analysis. Forty-one percent described their methods of instruction or innovation design. Thirty-three percent gave details of equipment, and 29% of studies described resources that may be required for delivering such an intervention. Further resources to support dissemination of their innovation were offered by 36%. Twenty-three percent described the theoretical underpinning or conceptual frameworks upon which their work was based. These findings suggest that posters presenting educational innovation are currently limited in what they offer to educators. Presenters should seek to enhance their reporting of these crucial aspects by employing existing published guidance, and organising committees may wish to consider explicitly requesting such information at the time of initial submission.

Limitations of poster presentations reporting educational innovations at a major international medical education conference.

PubMed

Gordon, Morris; Darbyshire, Daniel; Saifuddin, Aamir; Vimalesvaran, Kavitha

2013-01-01

In most areas of medical research, the label of 'quality' is associated with well-accepted standards. Whilst its interpretation in the field of medical education is contentious, there is agreement on the key elements required when reporting novel teaching strategies. We set out to assess if these features had been fulfilled by poster presentations at a major international medical education conference. Such posters were analysed in four key areas: reporting of theoretical underpinning, explanation of instructional design methods, descriptions of the resources needed for introduction, and the offering of materials to support dissemination. Three hundred and twelve posters were reviewed with 170 suitable for analysis. Forty-one percent described their methods of instruction or innovation design. Thirty-three percent gave details of equipment, and 29% of studies described resources that may be required for delivering such an intervention. Further resources to support dissemination of their innovation were offered by 36%. Twenty-three percent described the theoretical underpinning or conceptual frameworks upon which their work was based. These findings suggest that posters presenting educational innovation are currently limited in what they offer to educators. Presenters should seek to enhance their reporting of these crucial aspects by employing existing published guidance, and organising committees may wish to consider explicitly requesting such information at the time of initial submission.

Industry-Education Partnerships: Vocational Education Resource Package.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evaluation and Training Inst., Los Angeles, CA.

Designed to assist community college administrators and faculty in enhancing vocational education programs and services, this Vocational Education Resource Package presents case studies of four partnerships between California community colleges and industry and offers guidelines for developing successful partnerships. The case studies focus on:…

Spaces between the Lines

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lott, Debra

2010-01-01

A variety of subject matter, including foliage, tree roots, branches, and flowering plants, provides opportunities to study spaces and shapes and offers connections to interdisciplinary study and environmental concerns in the artroom. This article presents a lesson that encourages students to investigate their local environment and take photos for…

Foreign Language Study at Black Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, James S.

1992-01-01

Presents a discussion with James J. Davis, interim chairman of Howard University's Department of Romance Languages. Offers Davis' view that African-American students often are ambivalent about foreign language study and frequently prefer African to European languages. Describes how Davis became involved in the field. (SG)

NASA Earth Observation Systems and Applications for Health: Moving from Research to Operational End Users

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haynes, J.; Estes, S. M.

2017-12-01

Health providers and researchers need environmental data to study and understand the geographic, environmental, and meteorological differences in disease. Satellite remote sensing of the environment offers a unique vantage point that can fill in the gaps of environmental, spatial, and temporal data for tracking disease. This presentation will demonstrate NASA's applied science programs efforts to transition from research to operations to benefit society. Satellite earth observations present a unique vantage point of the earth's environment from space, which offers a wealth of health applications for the imaginative investigator. The presentation is directly related to Earth Observing systems and Global Health Surveillance and will present research results of the remote sensing environmental observations of earth and health applications, which can contribute to the health research. As part of NASA approach and methodology they have used Earth Observation Systems and Applications for Health Models to provide a method for bridging gaps of environmental, spatial, and temporal data for tracking disease. This presentation will provide a venue where the results of both research and practice using satellite earth observations to study weather and it's role in health research and the transition to operational end users.

A Perspective on Third-Party Providers and Study Tour Programs: A Mixed Method Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hains-Wesson, Rachael; Appleby, Mary

2017-01-01

This article presents an evaluation research outcome that used a mixed method approach. The study evaluated a short-term, study tour unit that was offered as an elective, credit-bearing, work-integrated learning experience for second year undergraduate students at Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia. The unit of study offered…

Practical Ideas to Get Students to Think About Justice in Science Courses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dahl, E. E.

2014-12-01

Loyola University Maryland is a Jesuit Catholic comprehensive university with undergraduate only science programs. One of the learning aims of the University is that student should learn "an appreciation of the great moral issues of our time…" including "the environmental impact of human activity." One of the ways this and many of the other justice and diversity focused learning aims are taught is through the development and teaching of 'diversity' courses for undergraduate students. Currently, the 6 applied and natural science departments at Loyola only offer only 1 such course, while the university as a whole offers ~120 such courses. CH114 Global Environment is the course offered in the sciences and is the only diversity course with an environmental focus at the university. This course is designed for general studies; however it is also taken by science students interested in the global environment. This presentation will offer some practical suggestions of how bring justice into general studies courses on the environment as well as how some of these ideas can translate to courses for science majors.

Noise filtering of composite pulses for singlet-triplet qubits

PubMed Central

Yang, Xu-Chen; Wang, Xin

2016-01-01

Semiconductor quantum dot spin qubits are promising candidates for quantum computing. In these systems, the dynamically corrected gates offer considerable reduction of gate errors and are therefore of great interest both theoretically and experimentally. They are, however, designed under the static-noise model and may be considered as low-frequency filters. In this work, we perform a comprehensive theoretical study of the response of a type of dynamically corrected gates, namely the supcode for singlet-triplet qubits, to realistic 1/f noises with frequency spectra 1/ωα. Through randomized benchmarking, we have found that supcode offers improvement of the gate fidelity for α  1 and the improvement becomes exponentially more pronounced with the increase of the noise exponent in the range 1  α ≤ 3 studied. On the other hand, for small α, supcode will not offer any improvement. The δJ-supcode, specifically designed for systems where the nuclear noise is absent, is found to offer additional error reduction than the full supcode for charge noises. The computed filter transfer functions of the supcode gates are also presented. PMID:27383129

Predicting human decisions in socioeconomic interaction using real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hollmann, Maurice; Mönch, Tobias; Müller, Charles; Bernarding, Johannes

2009-02-01

A major field in cognitive neuroscience investigates neuronal correlates of human decision-making processes [1, 2]. Is it possible to predict a decision before it is actually revealed by the volunteer? In the presented manuscript we use a standard paradigm from economic behavioral research that proved emotional influences on human decision making: the Ultimatum Game (UG). In the UG, two players have the opportunity to split a sum of money. One player is deemed the proposer and the other, the responder. The proposer makes an offer as to how this money should be split between the two. The second player can either accept or reject this offer. If it is accepted, the money is split as proposed. If rejected, then neither player receives anything. In the presented study a real-time fMRI system was used to derive the brain activation of the responder. Using a Relevance-Vector-Machine classifier it was possible to predict if the responder will accept or reject an offer. The classification result was presented to the operator 1-2 seconds before the volunteer pressed a button to convey his decision. The classification accuracy reached about 70% averaged over six subjects.

Ethical or Unethical Persuasion? The Rhetoric of Offers to Participate in Clinical Trials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barton, Ellen; Eggly, Susan

2009-01-01

Based on a sample of 22 oncology encounters, this article presents a discourse analysis of positive, neutral, or negative valence in the presentation of three elements of informed consent--purpose, benefits, and risks--in offers to participate in clinical trials. It is found that physicians regularly present these key elements of consent with a…

A Hopping Good Time: Wood Frogs in the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shimkanin, John; Ulm, Glenn; King, Trina

1998-01-01

Presents a case for using wood frogs to study biology with students. Offers tips on where to find the eggs, how to care for them, what to expect as they hatch, and how to engage students in a study of their stages of development. (DDR)

Administrative Job Level Study and Factoring System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Portland Community Coll., OR.

The administrative job classification system and generic job descriptions presented in this report were developed at Portland Community College (PCC) as management tools. After introductory material outlining the objectives of and criteria used in the administrative job-level study, and offering information on the administrative job factoring…

Dynamic Tracking: The Study of Changes in Landscape.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strang, Carl A.

1996-01-01

States that tracking, or the study of changes in landscapes, offers clues that give us a direct experiential connection to the past and consequently enriches our appreciation of how the present came to be. Discusses tracking animals and footprints, tree tracking, and geomorphology or landforms. (AIM)

The Integrated Reader: Literature and EE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hage, Steve; Daniels, Rosalie

1996-01-01

Presents a selection of thematic units focusing on the environment that integrate literature, outdoor education, field studies, and research on current environmental issues. These units are part of a program offered at the School of Environmental Studies in Apple Valley, Minnesota. Authors include Thoreau, Camus, Orwell, Hemingway, Sophocles, and…

Distance Learning: An Empirical Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sagheb-Tehrani, Mehdi

2011-01-01

Distance learning (DL) is a popular option in higher education. Information technology (IT) has made education more available for students without regard to location or time. Universities are now offering online degrees at all levels. This study presents an empirical investigation designed to identify some advantages and disadvantages of distance…

Children's Dreaming and the Development of Consciousness.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foulkes, David

Noting that scientific observation of children's dreaming offers unparalleled opportunities to study experience of conscious mental states, this book presents findings from two studies on children's dreaming. Following an argument outlining the problems in equating dreaming with perception, the book explains the use of sleep laboratories and…

NASA Earth Observation Systems and Applications for Public Health and Air Quality Models and Decisions Support

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Estes, Sue; Haynes, John; Omar, Ali

2013-01-01

Health and Air Quality providers and researchers need environmental data to study and understand the geographic, environmental, and meteorological differences in disease. Satellite remote sensing of the environment offers a unique vantage point that can fill in the gaps of environmental, spatial, and temporal data for tracking disease. This presentation will demonstrate the need for collaborations between multi-disciplinary research groups to develop the full potential of utilizing Earth Observations in studying health. Satellite earth observations present a unique vantage point of the earth's environment from space, which offers a wealth of health applications for the imaginative investigator. The presentation is directly related to Earth Observing systems and Global Health Surveillance and will present research results of the remote sensing environmental observations of earth and health applications, which can contribute to the public health and air quality research. As part of NASA approach and methodology they have used Earth Observation Systems and Applications for Public Health and Air Quality Models to provide a method for bridging gaps of environmental, spatial, and temporal data for tracking disease. This presentation will provide an overview of projects dealing with infectious diseases, water borne diseases and air quality and how many environmental variables effect human health. This presentation will provide a venue where the results of both research and practice using satellite earth observations to study weather and it's role in public health research.

NASA Earth Observation Systems and Applications for Public Health and Air Quality Models and Decisions Support

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Estes, Sue; Haynes, John; Omar, Ali

2012-01-01

Health and Air Quality providers and researchers need environmental data to study and understand the geographic, environmental, and meteorological differences in disease. Satellite remote sensing of the environment offers a unique vantage point that can fill in the gaps of environmental, spatial, and temporal data for tracking disease. This presentation will demonstrate the need for collaborations between multi-disciplinary research groups to develop the full potential of utilizing Earth Observations in studying health. Satellite earth observations present a unique vantage point of the earth's environment from space, which offers a wealth of health applications for the imaginative investigator. The presentation is directly related to Earth Observing systems and Global Health Surveillance and will present research results of the remote sensing environmental observations of earth and health applications, which can contribute to the public health and air quality research. As part of NASA approach and methodology they have used Earth Observation Systems and Applications for Public Health and Air Quality Models to provide a method for bridging gaps of environmental, spatial, and temporal data for tracking disease. This presentation will provide an overview of projects dealing with infectious diseases, water borne diseases and air quality and how many environmental variables effect human health. This presentation will provide a venue where the results of both research and practice using satellite earth observations to study weather and it's role in public health research.

Dynamic adjustments of cognitive control during economic decision making.

PubMed

Soutschek, Alexander; Schubert, Torsten

2014-10-01

Decision making in the Ultimatum game requires the resolution of conflicts between economic self-interest and fairness intuitions. Since cognitive control processes play an important role in conflict resolution, the present study examined how control processes that are triggered by conflicts between fairness and self-interest in unfair offers affect subsequent decisions in the Ultimatum game. Our results revealed that more unfair offers were accepted following previously unfair, compared to previously fair offers. Interestingly, the magnitude of this conflict adaptation effect correlated with the individual subjects' focus on economic self-interest. We concluded that conflicts between fairness and self-interest trigger cognitive control processes, which reinforce the focus on the current task goal. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Missouri Extension Study Commission. Report to the Governor and General Assembly.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Missouri State Extension Study Commission, Jefferson City.

A report on the Missouri Extension Study Commission's (a blue ribbon commission) review of the scope, organization, management, and funding of extension activities conducted by Missouri colleges and universities is presented. Based on information obtained from public hearings and studies, 10 general recommendations are offered that pertain to:…

Teaching Canada for the '80s. Curriculum Series, 35.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodgetts, A. B.; Gallagher, Paul

A rationale for Canadian studies and outlines of appropriate content for various grade levels are presented. The book is designed to help teachers, curriculum planners, and teacher educators in preparing effective Canadian studies programs. Chapter I offers a discussion of the need for pan-Canadian understanding. Canadian studies can help young…

Social Studies Curricula in Turkey: Historical Evolution

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sahin, Mustafa

2017-01-01

Social studies course is a pivotal course offered in the first three years of students' primary education. Since the foundation of the Turkish Republic to the present, there have been changes in the curricula of the social studies course in accordance with the needs and expectations of the related period in Turkish Republic history. Whether these…

A Study of Student's Attitude towards Distance Education Programme in Pakistan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gujjar, Aijaz Ahmed; Akhlaque, Muhammad; Hafeez, Muhammad Rashid

2007-01-01

The present study was undertaken to measure the attitude of the students towards teacher training programs through Distance Education offered by Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU), Islamabad, Pakistan. To achieve the said end, the descriptive method of research was considered appropriate. The population of the study consisted of the B. Ed.…

The Role of University Branches in the Formation of Common Cultural Competences of Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Korotkova, Marina Albertovna; Rimskaya, Tatyana Grigoryevna

2015-01-01

The present study describes the capabilities and potential of educational institutions in the formation of common cultural competences of students studying at regional municipalities of the Russian Far East. The study offers the directions and methods of interaction between government and local self-government authorities and training institutions…

The Homestay in Intensive Language Study Abroad: Social Networks, Language Socialization, and Developing Intercultural Competence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shiri, Sonia

2015-01-01

This study investigated the composition of the social network that the homestay offers learners in an intensive summer Arabic language program in diglossic and multilingual Tunisia and examined the types of language socialization as well as the overall linguistic and intercultural competence such opportunities present. The study specifically…

Influenza vaccination program for elderly outpatients.

PubMed

Knoell, K R; Leeds, A L

1991-02-01

The effect of pharmacist interventions on the rate at which elderly outpatients were offered influenza vaccination was studied. Pharmacists at a university-based ambulatory-care facility reviewed the medical records of a random sample of control patients over the age of 65 who had been seen during the influenza vaccination months in 1987 or 1988 or both years. The purpose was to estimate the percentage of patients who had been documented as being offered influenza vaccination. In 1989 an intervention program was undertaken consisting of inservice presentations to the facility's nursing staff, dissemination of influenza information sheets to patients upon check-in, placement of wall posters, placement of reminders in patient charts, and institution and advertisement of a vaccination clinic. At the end of the 1989 vaccination season, the records of a random sample of intervention group patients were reviewed to determine the proportion of patients who had been offered influenza virus vaccine. Of the 280 control group patients, 47% were offered influenza vaccination during 1987 and 1988. A significantly higher proportion of the 153 intervention group patients, 71%, was offered influenza vaccine during 1989. A combination of pharmacist-initiated interventions significantly increased the number of elderly patients who were offered vaccinations during scheduled clinic visits.

The Institute Papers: Towards a Recovery of Civic Idealism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartz, Edward

The philosophy, strategy, and program of the Institute for the Study of Civic Values are presented in this collection of articles. Intended as a means of disseminating the institute's work and ideas to a general audience, the booklet is presented in four sections. Each section offers a theoretical article, an outline or a summary of an educational…

Organizing Education: Schools, School Districts, and the Study of Organizational History

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duke, Daniel L.

2015-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a rationale for organizational histories of schools and school districts and discuss the findings of selected examples of the genre. Design/methodology/approach: The author presents a vignette of an organizational history, discusses key elements of the methodology, and offers seven ways in which…

The use of market research to design healthcare offerings. A case study of a senior citizen community.

PubMed

Rummel, A; Francis, J; Duserick, F; Enke, E

1994-01-01

With a growing elderly population, there is little argument that the healthcare system in the United States must understand the needs and wants of its elderly consumers. This is especially important in a rural community where services can be limited and access to these services is difficult for consumers. Marketing research is one way in which rural healthcare facilities can gain market information not only to enhance their product offerings, but also to ensure that proper and sufficient services are provided. This article presents a case study of a long-term healthcare facility using marketing research.

Emergency contraception: why can't you give it away? Qualitative findings from an evaluation of advance provision of emergency contraception.

PubMed

Fairhurst, Karen; Ziebland, Sue; Wyke, Sally; Seaman, Peter; Glasier, Anna

2004-07-01

The Lothian Emergency Contraception Project (LECP)--a primary care-based intervention to offer advance supplies of emergency contraception (EC) to women aged 16-29 was not associated with a reduction in abortion rates. We undertook case studies, utilizing qualitative and quantitative methods, to evaluate the intervention. In this article we present findings from qualitative interviews with 44 primary care professionals working at case study sites and 22 women who had received advance supplies to explain this failure. Professionals reported that women rarely asked for advance supplies of EC and they were reluctant to offer supplies to women because of concerns about contradictory sexual health messages implied by the offer, a perceived association of EC use with chaotic behavior by women, views about the sort of women suitable for advance supplies and practical difficulties making the offer. Women were reluctant to ask for advance supplies because of misgivings about the appropriateness of offering advance supplies to everybody and concerns about being judged by health professionals as morally inadequate. If advance provision of EC is to be successful in reducing abortion rates, professionals must address their concerns about EC and develop imaginative ways of encouraging women most at risk of unwanted pregnancy to take supplies home.

Treatment of complicated grief using virtual reality: a case report.

PubMed

Botella, C; Osma, J; Palacios, A García; Guillén, V; Baños, R

2008-01-01

This is the first work exploring the application of new technologies, concretely virtual reality, to facilitate emotional processing in the treatment of Complicated Grief. Our research team has designed a virtual reality environment (EMMA's World) to foster the expression and processing of emotions. In this study the authors present a description of EMMA's World, the clinical protocol, and a case report. The treatment program was applied in eight sessions. We present a brief description of the session agendas including the techniques used. We offer short-term (from pre-test to post-test) and long-term (2-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups) efficacy data. Our results offer preliminary support of the use of EMMA's World for the treatment of Complicated Grief.

Accommodation of Nontraditional Aerospace Degree Aspirants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schukert, Michael A.

1977-01-01

Presents results of a national survey of institutions offering college level aerospace studies. Primary survey concern is the availability of nontraditional aerospace education programs; however, information pertaining to institution characteristics, program characteristics, and staffing are also included. (SL)

Preserving the Future from the Demands of the Present

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ardaiolo, Frank P.

2010-01-01

This chapter offers a case study of how one institution has implemented budget reductions. Using a narrative approach, the vice president for student life reviews the issues faced and the processes used to implement the changes.

Field Ecology Studies in the Rocky Mountains.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Philip A.

1978-01-01

Describes a six-week field plant ecology course in Montana which is offered by the Botany Department at Southern Illinois University. The goals of the course, how it is taught, and student evaluation are also presented. (HM)

Instructional Intervention Guide--U.S. History: 1877 to the Present.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mississippi State Dept. of Education, Jackson.

The study of U.S. history from 1877, taught in Mississippi secondary schools, builds on the study of U.S. history before 1877, offered in the eighth grade. Mississippi students, through studying U.S. history from 1877, gain an historical perspective of the nation's past. The study of the United States concentrates on cause-and-effect relationships…

A Study of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication in Second Life--The ARCHI21 Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wigham, Ciara R.; Chanier, Thierry

2013-01-01

Three-dimensional synthetic worlds introduce possibilities for nonverbal communication in computer-mediated language learning. This paper presents an original methodological framework for the study of multimodal communication in such worlds. It offers a classification of verbal and nonverbal communication acts in the synthetic world "Second…

SetonWorldWide: A Case Study of Student Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiSalvio, Philip

2009-01-01

This case study offers a strategic model of methods and services resulting in relatively high student success rates as defined by course completion of introductory first and second semester online courses. This strategic model is presented in the context of Sloan-C's "Five Pillars of Quality Online Education."

Intergroup Anxiety: A Person X Situation Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Britt, Thomas W.; And Others

1996-01-01

Offers a person X situation approach to the study of intergroup anxiety in which anxiety in intergroup encounters is viewed as a transaction between the individual and the environment. An individual difference measure of intergroup anxiety toward African Americans is developed. Presents studies assessing the scale's reliability and validity.…

Exploring BYOD Usage in the Classroom and Policies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Santos, Ieda M.; Bocheco, Otávio

2016-01-01

This paper presents results of an exploratory study that investigated instructor and student perceptions of in-class use of personal mobile devices and policies for appropriate practices. The study is based on an undergraduate course offered at a higher education institution in the United Arab Emirates. Eighteen students and one instructor…

International Student Migration: Outcomes and Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGill, Jenny

2013-01-01

The present study examined the possible correlation between six life circumstances of international students (N = 124) admitted entry into the United States for the purpose of academic study and their geographic choice of location upon graduation. This paper improves upon the current literature by offering actual migration outcomes (rather than…

Student Health, Student Success.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broderick, Susan

2003-01-01

Describes the Student Health Services and Wellness Program at Santa Barbara City College, California. The program is funded by student health fees, and offers mental health services, health education, and academic services. The program also presents professional development seminars, offers program development consultations, and offers services in…

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gann, Gabriel D. Orebi

Solar neutrinos offer a unique opportunity to study the interaction of neutrinos with matter, a sensitive search for potential new physics effects, and a probe of solar structure and solar system formation. This paper describes the broad physics program addressed by solar neutrino studies, presents the current suite of experiments programs, and describes several potential future detectors that could address the open questions in this field. This paper is a summary of a talk presented at the Neutrino 2014 conference in Boston.

Pterostilbene induces apoptosis through caspase activation in ovarian cancer cells.

PubMed

Dong, J; Guo, H; Chen, Y

2016-01-01

Pterostilbene, an analog of resveratrol increasing bioavailability has shown to offer antioxidant and anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo. Dietary compounds with anti-oxidant properties have been shown to gain importance due to therapeutic applications. In addition, compounds with higher bioavailability levels show great interest in present scenario. Thus, the present study aimed at investigating the cytotoxic role of pterostilbene and its mechanism of cell death in ovarian cancer cells line. The effect of pterostilbene was determined on SKOV-3 cells, by cytotoxicity assays, oxidative stress levels, [Ca2+]i levels, mitochondrial depolarization, cell cycle analysis and caspase 3, 8, and 9 activities. The study revealed that pterostilbene offered cytotoxic effect at a concentration of IC50-55 uM. Further, pterostilbene induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated intrinsic pathway of apoptosis through enhancing oxidative stress, [Ca2+]i levels, mitochondrial depolarization, Sub G1 accumulation, and activation of caspase 3 and 9. The study demonstrates for the first time the cytotoxic potential of pterostilbene against ovarian cancer cells.

Learning from Success: Campus Case Studies in International Program Development. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Studies in Science, Technology and Culture. Volume 15.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kelleher, Ann

The case studies presented in this volume offer comparative examples of undergraduate international education innovations in a wide variety of categories: curriculum, study abroad, community outreach, faculty development, and international students. The studies were conducted in the mid-1990s, and programs had to meet several criteria: they had to…

Issues of Noncompliance. NCABR 2017 | Science Inventory ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This presentation is a case study to be presented at an animal welfare conference. The purpose of the case study is to allow other animal welfare professionals a chance to work through and discuss an potential noncompliance situation. It is for practice, and to encourage people to learn from each other. Members of oversight organizations will be present to offer their perspectives on the case study as well. The purpose of this case study is to help educate other members of the animal welfare profession. This presentation is a case study to be presented at an animal welfare conference. The purpose of the case study is to allow other animal welfare professionals a chance to work through and discuss an potential noncompliance situation. It is for practice, and to encourage people to learn from each other.

Beyond the Binary: Gender, Identity, and Change at Brandeis University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agans, Lyndsay J.

2007-01-01

This article offers a case study outlining promising practices and effective dialogues on gender identity, privilege, and trans gender issues. Also presented are methods for student affairs professionals to foster organizational change to serve transgender student needs.

Activity Book: Ocean Ecology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Learning, 1992

1992-01-01

Presents a collection of activities to help elementary students study ocean ecology. The activities have students investigate ocean inhabitants, analyze animal adaptations, examine how temperature and saltiness affect ocean creatures, and learn about safeguarding the sea. Student pages offer reproducible learning sheets. (SM)

Beauty matters: social preferences in a three-person ultimatum game.

PubMed

Ma, Qingguo; Hu, Yue

2015-01-01

Preference for beauty is human nature, as previous behavior studies have supported the notion of "beauty premium" in which attractive people were more easily to get promoted and receive higher salaries. In the present study, 29 males were recruited to participate in a three-person ultimatum game (UG) including a proposer, a responder and a powerless third player. Each subject, playing as the responder, had to decide whether to accept an offer from the allocator both for himself and a female third person. We aimed to elucidate how the facial attractiveness of the female subject affected the male subjects' fairness and decision-making in social exchanges. Frontal feedback-related negativity (FRN) in response to four offers in an attractive-face condition revealed no significant differences between offers; however, when the companion was an unattractive female, an "unfair/fair" offer, which assigned a lower share to the responder and a fair share to the third player, elicited the largest FRN. Furthermore, when the third player was offered the smallest amount ("fair/unfair" offer), a larger FRN was generated in an attractive-face condition than unattractive-face condition. In the "unfair/fair" offer condition in which subjects received a smaller allocation than the third person, the beauty of their female counterparts attenuated subjects' aversion to inequality, resulting in a less negative FRN in the frontal region and an increased acceptance ratio. However, the influence of the third player's facial attractiveness only affected the early evaluation stage: late P300 was found to be immune to the "beauty premium". Under the two face conditions, P300 was smallest following an "unfair/fair" offer, whereas the amplitudes in the other three offer conditions exhibited no significant differences. In addition, the differentiated neural features of processing facial attractiveness were also determined and indexed by four event-related potentials (ERP) components: N170, frontal N1, N2 and late positive potentials (LPPs).

Beauty Matters: Social Preferences in a Three-Person Ultimatum Game

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Preference for beauty is human nature, as previous behavior studies have supported the notion of “beauty premium” in which attractive people were more easily to get promoted and receive higher salaries. In the present study, 29 males were recruited to participate in a three-person ultimatum game (UG) including a proposer, a responder and a powerless third player. Each subject, playing as the responder, had to decide whether to accept an offer from the allocator both for himself and a female third person. We aimed to elucidate how the facial attractiveness of the female subject affected the male subjects’ fairness and decision-making in social exchanges. Frontal feedback-related negativity (FRN) in response to four offers in an attractive-face condition revealed no significant differences between offers; however, when the companion was an unattractive female, an “unfair/fair” offer, which assigned a lower share to the responder and a fair share to the third player, elicited the largest FRN. Furthermore, when the third player was offered the smallest amount (“fair/unfair” offer), a larger FRN was generated in an attractive-face condition than unattractive-face condition. In the “unfair/fair” offer condition in which subjects received a smaller allocation than the third person, the beauty of their female counterparts attenuated subjects’ aversion to inequality, resulting in a less negative FRN in the frontal region and an increased acceptance ratio. However, the influence of the third player’s facial attractiveness only affected the early evaluation stage: late P300 was found to be immune to the “beauty premium”. Under the two face conditions, P300 was smallest following an “unfair/fair” offer, whereas the amplitudes in the other three offer conditions exhibited no significant differences. In addition, the differentiated neural features of processing facial attractiveness were also determined and indexed by four event-related potentials (ERP) components: N170, frontal N1, N2 and late positive potentials (LPPs). PMID:25951138

Influences of State and Trait Affect on Behavior, Feedback-Related Negativity, and P3b in the Ultimatum Game

PubMed Central

Riepl, Korbinian; Mussel, Patrick; Osinsky, Roman; Hewig, Johannes

2016-01-01

The present study investigates how different emotions can alter social bargaining behavior. An important paradigm to study social bargaining is the Ultimatum Game. There, a proposer gets a pot of money and has to offer part of it to a responder. If the responder accepts, both players get the money as proposed by the proposer. If he rejects, none of the players gets anything. Rational choice models would predict that responders accept all offers above 0. However, evidence shows that responders typically reject a large proportion of all unfair offers. We analyzed participants’ behavior when they played the Ultimatum Game as responders and simultaneously collected electroencephalogram data in order to quantify the feedback-related negativity and P3b components. We induced state affect (momentarily emotions unrelated to the task) via short movie clips and measured trait affect (longer-lasting emotional dispositions) via questionnaires. State happiness led to increased acceptance rates of very unfair offers. Regarding neurophysiology, we found that unfair offers elicited larger feedback-related negativity amplitudes than fair offers. Additionally, an interaction of state and trait affect occurred: high trait negative affect (subsuming a variety of aversive mood states) led to increased feedback-related negativity amplitudes when participants were in an angry mood, but not if they currently experienced fear or happiness. We discuss that increased rumination might be responsible for this result, which might not occur, however, when people experience happiness or fear. Apart from that, we found that fair offers elicited larger P3b components than unfair offers, which might reflect increased pleasure in response to fair offers. Moreover, high trait negative affect was associated with decreased P3b amplitudes, potentially reflecting decreased motivation to engage in activities. We discuss implications of our results in the light of theories and research on depression and anxiety. PMID:26742103

Mindfulness in Salah Prayer and its Association with Mental Health.

PubMed

Ijaz, Shahid; Khalily, Muhammad Tahir; Ahmad, Irshad

2017-12-01

Plethora of researches has been carried out for the last many decades and has identified relationship between mental health and religious convictions; in particular, range of religious practices has been found instrumental in the promotion of mental health. The aim of this paper is to find out association between mindfulness in Salah (prayer) and mental health of individuals who identify themselves with Islam and to examine the mental health of those Muslims who offer Salah prayer with mindfulness and those who offer without mindfulness. A total of 174 participants with mean age of 21.57 including 62% males and females 38% were selected through convenient sampling. RAND Mental Health Inventory was used to measure mental health and other three variables; three self-reported measures were constructed. They included Islamic religious education scale, Salah education scale and mindfulness in Salah scale. Psychometric properties for all scales were established. The findings indicated that mean on mindfulness and mental health was significantly higher for those who were offering Salah (prayer) regularly (p < 0.01) as compared with those who were not offering it regularly. Moreover, those who were offering Salah (prayer) with mindfulness had also significantly higher mean for mental health (p < 0.01) as compared with those who were offering it without mindfulness. Religious education, Salah education and mindfulness were able to account for 13% of the variance in mental health (p < 0.01). Of note two of the measures included Salah education and mindfulness made a significant contribution in the prediction of mental health (p < 0.01). The present study indicated that individuals who offer prayer regularly and with mindfulness have better mental health as compared with those who don't offer it regularly and with mindfulness. The findings of this study urge to spread awareness regarding offering prayer regularly with mindfulness for the better outcome of mental health in people.

Influences of State and Trait Affect on Behavior, Feedback-Related Negativity, and P3b in the Ultimatum Game.

PubMed

Riepl, Korbinian; Mussel, Patrick; Osinsky, Roman; Hewig, Johannes

2016-01-01

The present study investigates how different emotions can alter social bargaining behavior. An important paradigm to study social bargaining is the Ultimatum Game. There, a proposer gets a pot of money and has to offer part of it to a responder. If the responder accepts, both players get the money as proposed by the proposer. If he rejects, none of the players gets anything. Rational choice models would predict that responders accept all offers above 0. However, evidence shows that responders typically reject a large proportion of all unfair offers. We analyzed participants' behavior when they played the Ultimatum Game as responders and simultaneously collected electroencephalogram data in order to quantify the feedback-related negativity and P3b components. We induced state affect (momentarily emotions unrelated to the task) via short movie clips and measured trait affect (longer-lasting emotional dispositions) via questionnaires. State happiness led to increased acceptance rates of very unfair offers. Regarding neurophysiology, we found that unfair offers elicited larger feedback-related negativity amplitudes than fair offers. Additionally, an interaction of state and trait affect occurred: high trait negative affect (subsuming a variety of aversive mood states) led to increased feedback-related negativity amplitudes when participants were in an angry mood, but not if they currently experienced fear or happiness. We discuss that increased rumination might be responsible for this result, which might not occur, however, when people experience happiness or fear. Apart from that, we found that fair offers elicited larger P3b components than unfair offers, which might reflect increased pleasure in response to fair offers. Moreover, high trait negative affect was associated with decreased P3b amplitudes, potentially reflecting decreased motivation to engage in activities. We discuss implications of our results in the light of theories and research on depression and anxiety.

Limitations of poster presentations reporting educational innovations at a major international medical education conference

PubMed Central

Gordon, Morris; Darbyshire, Daniel; Saifuddin, Aamir; Vimalesvaran, Kavitha

2013-01-01

Background In most areas of medical research, the label of ‘quality’ is associated with well-accepted standards. Whilst its interpretation in the field of medical education is contentious, there is agreement on the key elements required when reporting novel teaching strategies. We set out to assess if these features had been fulfilled by poster presentations at a major international medical education conference. Methods Such posters were analysed in four key areas: reporting of theoretical underpinning, explanation of instructional design methods, descriptions of the resources needed for introduction, and the offering of materials to support dissemination. Results Three hundred and twelve posters were reviewed with 170 suitable for analysis. Forty-one percent described their methods of instruction or innovation design. Thirty-three percent gave details of equipment, and 29% of studies described resources that may be required for delivering such an intervention. Further resources to support dissemination of their innovation were offered by 36%. Twenty-three percent described the theoretical underpinning or conceptual frameworks upon which their work was based. Conclusions These findings suggest that posters presenting educational innovation are currently limited in what they offer to educators. Presenters should seek to enhance their reporting of these crucial aspects by employing existing published guidance, and organising committees may wish to consider explicitly requesting such information at the time of initial submission. PMID:24199272

A National Study of Training Content and Activities for Faculty Development for Online Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyer, Katrina A.; Murrell, Vicki S.

2014-01-01

This article presents the results of a national study of 39 higher education institutions that collected information about their practices for faculty development for online teaching and particularly the content and training activities used during 2011-2012. This study found that the most frequently offered training content (97% of the…

Time-to-Event Analysis of Individual Variables Associated with Nursing Students' Academic Failure: A Longitudinal Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dante, Angelo; Fabris, Stefano; Palese, Alvisa

2013-01-01

Empirical studies and conceptual frameworks presented in the extant literature offer a static imagining of academic failure. Time-to-event analysis, which captures the dynamism of individual factors, as when they determine the failure to properly tailor timely strategies, impose longitudinal studies which are still lacking within the field. The…

Schools Going Solar: A Guide to Schools Enjoying the Power of Solar Energy. Volume 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hitchcock, Susan Tyler

This companion document updates an April 1998 volume on designing schools to use solar energy as a power source. Volume 2 presents numerous case studies of solar installations in new and existing schools across the United States and Europe, updates and presents new examples of solar education programs, and offers an updated resource listing of…

Fiscal Year 1989 Unit Cost Report for the Public Community Colleges of Illinois.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois Community Coll. Board, Springfield.

Fiscal year (FY) 1989 results of the annual unit cost study of the Illinois public community colleges are presented in this report, based on data on course offerings, enrollments, and costs provided by the colleges. After an initial summary overview, data and analyses are presented showing net instructional unit costs for FY 1989 compared with…

Lost Opportunities: The Civil Rights Record of the Bush Administration Mid-Term.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liss, Susan M., Ed.; Taylor, William L., Ed.

This study of the civil rights policies and practices of the Bush Administration reviews the first 2 years of that administration's actions, presents recommendations for the future, and offers a series of working papers prepared by experts in the civil rights field. Part 1 of two major parts presents the actual report of the Citizen's Commission…

On psychotherapist-patient sex: discussion paper.

PubMed Central

Palermo, G B

1990-01-01

The transference phenomenon as central to the problem of sex between psychotherapist and patient is discussed. Socio-semantic factors related to the evolution of psychotherapy from Freud to the present are presented. Contemporary pertinent studies are reported. Societal and legal attitudes towards offending therapists are briefly touched upon. Reflections are made and suggestions are offered for dealing with this serious issue. PMID:2250271

Science Pedagogy as a Category of Historical Analysis: Past, Present, and Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olesko, Kathryn M.

2006-01-01

Historical studies of science pedagogy have flourished in recent years. This essay offers an assessment of the literature on science pedagogy from the 1930s to the present. It argues that rather than focusing on the work of Thomas Kuhn and Michel Foucault, historians of science pedagogy could with profit turn to the work of Ludwik Fleck. Fleck…

Using Framework Analysis in nursing research: a worked example.

PubMed

Ward, Deborah J; Furber, Christine; Tierney, Stephanie; Swallow, Veronica

2013-11-01

To demonstrate Framework Analysis using a worked example and to illustrate how criticisms of qualitative data analysis including issues of clarity and transparency can be addressed. Critics of the analysis of qualitative data sometimes cite lack of clarity and transparency about analytical procedures; this can deter nurse researchers from undertaking qualitative studies. Framework Analysis is flexible, systematic, and rigorous, offering clarity, transparency, an audit trail, an option for theme-based and case-based analysis and for readily retrievable data. This paper offers further explanation of the process undertaken which is illustrated with a worked example. Data were collected from 31 nursing students in 2009 using semi-structured interviews. The data collected are not reported directly here but used as a worked example for the five steps of Framework Analysis. Suggestions are provided to guide researchers through essential steps in undertaking Framework Analysis. The benefits and limitations of Framework Analysis are discussed. Nurses increasingly use qualitative research methods and need to use an analysis approach that offers transparency and rigour which Framework Analysis can provide. Nurse researchers may find the detailed critique of Framework Analysis presented in this paper a useful resource when designing and conducting qualitative studies. Qualitative data analysis presents challenges in relation to the volume and complexity of data obtained and the need to present an 'audit trail' for those using the research findings. Framework Analysis is an appropriate, rigorous and systematic method for undertaking qualitative analysis. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Learning Study: Nurturing the Instructional Design and Teaching Competency of Pre-Service Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheng, Eric C. K.

2014-01-01

This paper presents an evaluation study of an innovative and theory-based initial teacher education course entitled Learning Study, the aim of which is to develop the instructional design and teaching competency of pre-service teachers in Hong Kong. The Learning Study course is offered to all second year students as part of the Bachelor of…

Technical and conceptual considerations for using animated stimuli in studies of animal behavior.

PubMed

Chouinard-Thuly, Laura; Gierszewski, Stefanie; Rosenthal, Gil G; Reader, Simon M; Rieucau, Guillaume; Woo, Kevin L; Gerlai, Robert; Tedore, Cynthia; Ingley, Spencer J; Stowers, John R; Frommen, Joachim G; Dolins, Francine L; Witte, Klaudia

2017-02-01

Rapid technical advances in the field of computer animation (CA) and virtual reality (VR) have opened new avenues in animal behavior research. Animated stimuli are powerful tools as they offer standardization, repeatability, and complete control over the stimulus presented, thereby "reducing" and "replacing" the animals used, and "refining" the experimental design in line with the 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technologies raises conceptual and technical questions. In this review, we offer guidelines for common technical and conceptual considerations related to the use of animated stimuli in animal behavior research. Following the steps required to create an animated stimulus, we discuss (I) the creation, (II) the presentation, and (III) the validation of CAs and VRs. Although our review is geared toward computer-graphically designed stimuli, considerations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new behavioral questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus we expect a rich future for these methods in both ultimate and proximate studies of animal behavior.

Technical and conceptual considerations for using animated stimuli in studies of animal behavior

PubMed Central

Rosenthal, Gil G.; Reader, Simon M.; Rieucau, Guillaume; Woo, Kevin L.; Gerlai, Robert; Tedore, Cynthia; Ingley, Spencer J.; Stowers, John R.; Frommen, Joachim G.; Dolins, Francine L.; Witte, Klaudia

2017-01-01

Abstract Rapid technical advances in the field of computer animation (CA) and virtual reality (VR) have opened new avenues in animal behavior research. Animated stimuli are powerful tools as they offer standardization, repeatability, and complete control over the stimulus presented, thereby “reducing” and “replacing” the animals used, and “refining” the experimental design in line with the 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technologies raises conceptual and technical questions. In this review, we offer guidelines for common technical and conceptual considerations related to the use of animated stimuli in animal behavior research. Following the steps required to create an animated stimulus, we discuss (I) the creation, (II) the presentation, and (III) the validation of CAs and VRs. Although our review is geared toward computer-graphically designed stimuli, considerations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new behavioral questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus we expect a rich future for these methods in both ultimate and proximate studies of animal behavior. PMID:29491958

The Statistical Fragmentation Theory of N. F. Mott

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grady, Dennis

2004-07-01

For a brief period during the height of World War II, Neville F. Mott left his position at the University of Bristol and headed up a concerted theoretical effort at Fort Halstead, UK, to investigate the operational science of weapons and armor technology. The seminal achievements resulting from the efforts of the participating scientists are extraordinary and have provided the basis for much of the continuing research in this field over the intervening six decades. N. F. Mott chose to study the phenomenon of the explosive-driven fragmentation of exploding shell cases. The approaches pursued by Mott are documented in several interim reports and open literature publications and offer a fascinating look into the insightful thinking and scientific methods of one of the preeminent physicists of the last century. This presentation offers a perspective into the several theoretical approaches pursued by Mott. In particular, the hallmark relation for the representation of exploding munitions fragmentation data to the present day is the Mott distribution. The efforts of Mott leading to this distribution are explored and a judgment is offered as to whether Mott himself would use this distribution today.

Considering a Merger?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Hugh L.

1985-01-01

A successful college merger is often conditioned by geography, previous cooperation, complementary instructional programs, academic excellence, and common political interest. Suggestions when considering a merger are offered. A case study of a failed merger between Detroit Institute of Technology and Wayne State University is presented. (MLW)

Infrared Thermometers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaefers, John

2006-01-01

An infrared (IR) thermometer lab offers the opportunity to give science students a chance to measure surface temperatures, utilizing off-the-shelf technology. Potential areas of study include astronomy (exoplanets), electromagnetic spectrum, chemistry, evaporation rates, anatomy, crystal formation, and water or liquids. This article presents one…

Organic Materials For Optical Switching

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cardelino, Beatriz H.

1993-01-01

Equations predict properties of candidate materials. Report presents results of theoretical study of nonlinear optical properties of organic materials. Such materials used in optical switching devices for computers and telecommunications, replacing electronic switches. Optical switching potentially offers extremely high information throughout in compact hardware.

Language & Literature. Curriculum Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Livonia Public Schools, MI.

The global education curriculum presented in this booklet is offered as a model, of integrated, interdisciplinary English studies, that involves participants in cultural, scientific, ecological, and economic issues while promoting student awareness of the nature and development of world literature, languages, the arts, and their…

Are green caterers more likely to serve healthy meals than non-green caterers? Results from a quantitative study in Danish worksite catering.

PubMed

Mikkelsen, Be; Bruselius-Jensen, M; Andersen, Js; Lassen, A

2006-10-01

The present study aimed to investigate whether organic conversion in catering has positive effects on the nutritional quality of menus offered. The methodology was based on a self-administered questionnaire. The self-declared priority given to the use of organic foods was measured as the basis for assigning catering managers to one of two groups: 'green' or 'non-green' caterers. These groups were then compared with regard to the relative nutritional quality of the menu options offered to customers. The study was carried out among randomly selected Danish worksite catering outlets. The subjects participating in the study comprised 526 Danish worksite catering managers. The results showed a strong correlation between caterers' 'green-ness' and the nutritional quality of the menu options offered. Green caters had more healthy options in their menus than non-green caters, which is likely to result in improved nutritional quality of the diets of end consumers. The reason for this may partly be the increased service training efforts that green caterers practise in order to be able to implement organic foods successfully. It may also be associated with the fact that the price premiums and availability of the organic products forces caterers to serve menus with higher amounts of root and non-green leafy vegetables, pulses and seasonal vegetables. The present findings suggest that organic conversion of public canteens may be a good opportunity to promote healthier eating in public catering.

Rejection of unfair offers can be driven by negative emotions, evidence from modified ultimatum games with anonymity.

PubMed

Ma, Ning; Li, Nan; He, Xiao-Song; Sun, De-Lin; Zhang, Xiaochu; Zhang, Da-Ren

2012-01-01

The rejection of unfair offers can be affected by both negative emotions (e.g. anger and moral disgust) and deliberate cognitive processing of behavioral consequences (e.g. concerns of maintaining social fairness and protecting personal reputation). However, whether negative emotions are sufficient to motivate this behavior is still controversial. With modified ultimatum games, a recent study (Yamagishi T, et al. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:11520-11523) found that people reject unfair offers even when this behavior increases inequity, and even when they could not communicate to the proposers. Yamagishi suggested that rejection of unfair offers could occur without people's concerning of maintaining social fairness, and could be driven by negative emotions. However, as anonymity was not sufficiently guaranteed in Yamagishi's study, the rejection rates in their experiments may have been influenced by people's concerns of protecting personal reputation (reputational concerns) in addition to negative emotions; thus, it was unclear whether the rejection was driven by negative emotions, or by reputational concerns, or both. In the present study, with specific methods to ensure anonymity, the effect of reputational concerns was successfully ruled out. We found that in a private situation in which rejection could not be driven by reputational concerns, the rejection rates of unfair offers were significantly larger than zero, and in public situations in which rejection rates could be influenced by both negative emotions and reputational concerns, rejection rates were significantly higher than that in the private situation. These results, together with Yamagishi's findings, provided more complete evidence suggesting (a) that the rejection of unfair offers can be driven by negative emotions and (b) that deliberate cognitive processing of the consequences of the behavior can increase the rejection rate, which may benefit social cooperation.

The Demand and Supply of University-Based Executive Education. GMAC Occasional Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Terry R.; And Others

The results of a study of the market for university-based education programs for executives and managers is presented. Study objectives were to profile corporate use of various executive and management education programs, profile characteristics of university-based executive education programs currently offered, and identify trends and unmet needs…

Evaluation: Is an Open Book Examination Easier?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brightwell, Richard; Daniel, Janine-Helen; Stewart, Angus

2004-01-01

In terms of the assessment of students, it is generally accepted that open book examinations create an enriched environment, offering the student an opportunity to better understand and respond to a particular question. The present study provided the opportunity to examine this assumption and test it in a controlled manner. During the study of an…

NAIS/NACUBO Endowment Study for Independent Schools: 1991.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of College and University Business Officers, Washington, DC.

This report presents the findings of a study of the performance and management of endowments of independent schools and of colleges and universities. A preliminary section offers information on the data collection process and describes several definitions and formula used in the analysis. Much of the report is taken up with exhibits and figures…

Public Library and Community College: A Model for Off-Campus Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevens, Mary A.

Black Hawk College's Study Unlimited cooperative program with the River Bend Library System, established in 1972, is presented as a model for community college and public library cooperation in offering off-campus instructional opportunities to new student populations by breaking time and place access barriers. Study Unlimited's objectives are to…

Bulletin Boards for Environmental Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knapp, Clifford; Seim, Stuart S.

The bulletin board and activity ideas presented in this handbook offer some attractive ways of exploring and studying various environmental issues. They stress the concept that man is but one element in the whole chain of being. Each chapter, devoted to one element apiece, begins with an overview of the natural resource situation and/or problem…

Knowledge and Racial Violence: The Shine and Shadow of 'Powerful Knowledge'

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rudolph, Sophie; Sriprakash, Arathi; Gerrard, Jessica

2018-01-01

This paper offers a critique of 'powerful knowledge'--a concept in Education Studies that has been presented as a just basis for school curricula. Powerful knowledge is disciplinary knowledge produced and refined through a process of 'specialisation' that usually occurs in universities. Drawing on postcolonial, decolonial and Indigenous studies,…

Religious Studies as a Test-Case For Computer-Assisted Instruction In The Humanities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Bruce William

Experiences with computer-assisted instructional (CAI) programs written for religious studies indicate that CAI has contributions to offer the humanities and social sciences. The usefulness of the computer for presentation, drill and review of factual material and its applicability to quantifiable data is well accepted. There now exist…

Case Study: Online Continuing Education for New Librarians

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hendrix, Beth R.; McKeal, Alyse E.

2017-01-01

Continuing education is vital for new librarians to gain skills and knowledge beyond library school. Professional development offered free in an online environment is often the best option for staying current on the issues and trends necessary for young librarians to grow and flourish. This paper presents a case study of an online professional…

Upward Transfer in STEM Fields of Study: A New Conceptual Framework and Survey Instrument for Institutional Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Xueli

2016-01-01

This chapter describes a new conceptual framework that informs research on factors influencing transfer in STEM fields of study from 2-year to 4-year institutions, presents a new survey instrument based on the framework, and offers directions for future research in this area.

Natural Resources Management: Course of Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ingvalson, Brian

The document presents a course outline for the study of natural resources management by junior and senior year high school students. Basic information and practical experiences are offered to the student in the classroom and through several field trips in order to acquire more knowledge in various areas of natural resources and their management.…

Fostering Positive Youth Development through Work-Based Learning: The Cristo Rey Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bempechat, Janine; Kenny, Maureen; Blustein, David L.; Seltzer, Joanne

2014-01-01

This chapter presents findings of a three-year longitudinal study of academic motivation and school engagement among low-income high school students enrolled in a corporate work-study program. Our findings demonstrate ways in which the workplace functioned for students as a conduit of emotional resources, offering instrumental support from caring…

Evaluation of the Start Programme: Case-Study Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacLeod, Shona; Sharp, Caroline; Weaving, Harriet; Smith, Robert; Wheater, Rebecca

2014-01-01

This report presents five case studies of long-term partnerships (over three years) between arts organisations and schools. The Start programme enables arts venues and schools to work together to offer disadvantaged young people opportunities to engage in creative activities that inspire them and enhance their experience of the arts. It is…

Enhancing Reading Comprehension among Students with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Pilot Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roux, Catherine; Dion, Eric; Barrette, Anne

2015-01-01

Reading with comprehension is a challenge for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Unfortunately, research has little to offer to teachers trying to help these students. The present study pilots a new intervention targeting vocabulary, main idea identification, anaphoric relations, and text structure. Students (N = 13, M…

Teaching across Cultures: Canada and Qatar

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prowse, Jacqueline; Goddard, J. Tim

2010-01-01

Findings from a comparative case study conducted in Canada and Qatar are presented in this article. The study examined the cultural context of a transnational post-secondary program offered by the Faculty of Business at a Canadian college, with campuses located in both St. John's and Doha. The instructors' perceptions of their students' cultures…

A Teacher's Guide to African Narratives. Studies in African Literature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Brien, Sara Talis

This guide is designed to help secondary school teachers include African literature in their classes. It furnishes English and social studies teachers with a foundation for teaching African literature by offering critical commentary on the texts themselves. A synthesis of anthropological and historical material is presented to help both teachers…

Discovering Successful Elements of Alternative Schools by Studying Student Perspectives in Two Alternative-to-Expulsion Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eschen, Eric Thomas

2013-01-01

This qualitative study analyzed two alternative-to-expulsion programs for high school students. Both programs, the "Learning with Peers Program" and the "Individualized Online Program", offered students an opportunity to earn credits rather than be expelled, but their philosophies presented an educational dichotomy: Should…

The Retention of Hispanic/Latino Teachers in Southeastern Rural Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodriguez, Oscar

2017-01-01

This qualitative study reviewed reasons so few Hispanic/Latino teachers remain employed with rural county public elementary schools. The study evaluated issues that present high retention and attrition concerns for Hispanic/Latino teachers in rural schools. In addition, the dissertation offered suggestions on ways to increase the representation of…

Women in Intercollegiate Sport. A Longitudinal Study--Twenty Three Year Update, 1977-2000.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Acosta, R. Vivian; Carpenter, Linda Jean

This report presents data from a longitudinal study of women in intercollegiate sports, highlighting: participation opportunities for female athletes and the status of women as head coaches, assistant coaches, administrators, sports information directors, and athletic trainers. The average number of teams for women offered per school is at an…

Social Studies. Dawn: The Birth of Selected Civilizations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cold, Ron

The Quinmester world studies course for grades 7 through 9 investigates concepts of prehistory, culture, and civilization, offering an in depth understanding of the reasons why and how civilizations rise and fall. Emphasis is on comparing past and present civilizations. One major purpose of the course is for students to comprehend that…

Pilot Study and Evaluation of Postgraduate Course on "The Interface Between Spirituality, Religion and Psychiatry"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grabovac, Andrea; Clark, Nancy; McKenna, Mario

2008-01-01

Objectives: Understanding the role of religion and spirituality is significant for psychiatric practice. Implementation of formal education and training on religious and spiritual issues, however, is lacking. Few psychiatric residencies offer mandatory courses or evaluation of course utility. The authors present findings from a pilot study of a…

A Case Study Approach to Ethics in Career Development, Second Edition. Monograph Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Makela, Julia Panke; Perlus, Jessamyn G.

2017-01-01

This second edition tackles some of the most vexing questions that career development professionals encounter today. Using a case study design, it offers a hands-on experience with ethical terminology, resources, and issues. Each dilemma presented includes detailed, guided discussion of key issues and recommendations, with direct connections to…

Newspaper Headings as a Means of Presenting Priority and Secondary Information

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Serdali, Bekzhigit K.; Ashirbekova, Gulmira Sh.; Isaeva, Zhazira; Adieva, Pakizat M.

2016-01-01

This study considers the possibility of using headings in periodicals as a functional mechanism for influencing the readers, which has corresponding goals and tasks. The study offers a detailed characterization of headings not as a unit of publishing and printing design, but as a conceptual and informational element in journalistic texts.…

Behavioral Theory and Culture Special Issue: Authors' Response to Commentaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pasick, Rena J.; Burke, Nancy J.; Joseph, Galen

2009-01-01

This article presents the authors' response to commentaries that focus on the "Behavioral Constructs and Culture in Cancer Screening" (3Cs) study. The 3Cs study had an unremarkable beginning, with two colleagues discussing their frustration over the narrow range of behavioral theories and the limited guidance the theories offered for a study…

[Between taking responsibility and becoming independent. Adolescents with a mentally ill parent].

PubMed

Stelling, Kirsten; Habers, Ingeborg; Jungbauer, Johannes

2008-01-01

By now there is a relatively broadly based basic research as to burden and developmental risks in children of mentally ill parents. Nevertheless, hardly any studies exist focusing the living situation of teenagers concerned. This article presents results from an in-depth interview study with 15 adolescents (15 to 21 years old) who have a mentally ill parent. Particularly, the living situation of the study participants was explored from the perspective of developmental psychology, i. e. considering age-specific developmental tasks. The results show that, in many cases, daily life and future perspectives of adolescents are greatly affected by the mental illness of a parent. Based on the results of the study, the article presents conclusions for further research and psychosocial practice. Generally, professional assistance for children of mentally ill people should be on hand as early as possible. When planning specific help offers for adolescents affected, compatibility to their emotional life-world should be taken into consideration. Involving peer counsellors and offering web-based psychological assistance can contribute to better get in touch with adolescent clients.

Alexander von Humboldt's perceptions of colonial Spanish America.

PubMed

Rebok, Sandra

2009-01-01

This study presents an in-depth analysis of Alexander von Humboldt's descriptions and critical comments on the colonial society of the different regions he visited during his well-known expedition through the Americas (1799-1804). The criticisms of colonialism that he expressed, reflecting his personal convictions, have already been the focal point of many studies, but Humboldt also was able to offer a more differentiated assessment through comparisons of regional and local traditions and developments. This essay focuses on his personal diaries, which offer many interesting comments on colonial societies. These considerations and impressions made during the expedition are of particular scholarly value since they were not subject to censorship of any kind.

Gender Differences in Behavioral and Neural Responses to Unfairness Under Social Pressure.

PubMed

Zheng, Li; Ning, Reipeng; Li, Lin; Wei, Chunli; Cheng, Xuemei; Zhou, Chu; Guo, Xiuyan

2017-10-18

Numerous studies have revealed the key role of social pressure on individuals' decision-making processes. However, the impact of social pressure on unfairness-related decision-making processes remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated how social pressure modulated men's and women's responses in an ultimatum game. Twenty women and eighteen men played the ultimatum game as responders in the scanner, where fair and unfair offers were tendered by proposers acting alone (low pressure) or by proposers endorsed by three supporters (high pressure). Results showed that men rejected more, whereas women accepted more unfair offers in the high versus low pressure context. Neurally, pregenual anterior cingulate cortex activation in women positively predicted their acceptance rate difference between contexts. In men, stronger right anterior insula activation and increased connectivity between right anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were observed when they receiving unfair offers in the high than low pressure context. Furthermore, more bilateral anterior insula and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activations were found when men rejected (relative to accepted) unfair offers in the high than low pressure context. These findings highlighted gender differences in the modulation of behavioral and neural responses to unfairness by social pressure.

Associate in Occupational Studies, Culinary Arts. Self-Study Report Presented to the Accrediting Commission of the American Culinary Federation Educational Institute.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schenectady County Community Coll., Schenectady, NY.

This report is the self-study of the Associate in Occupational Studies (AOS) in Culinary Arts program offered by the Hotel, Culinary Arts, and Tourism Department at Schenectady County Community College (New York). The self-study was conducted to support the department's application for initial accreditation of the Culinary Arts program with the…

Implementation of external cephalic version in the Netherlands: a retrospective cohort study.

PubMed

Vlemmix, Floortje; Rosman, Ageeth N; te Hoven, Susan; van de Berg, Suzanne; Fleuren, Margot A H; Rijnders, Marlies E; Beuckens, Antje; Opmeer, Brent C; Mol, Ben Willem J; Kok, Marjolein

2014-12-01

External cephalic version (ECV) reduces the rate of elective cesarean sections as a result of breech presentation. Several studies have shown that not all eligible women undergo an ECV attempt. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of ECV in the Netherlands and to explain variation in implementation rates with hospital characteristics and individual factors. We invited 40 hospitals to participate in this retrospective cohort study. We reviewed hospital charts for all singleton breech deliveries from 36 weeks' gestation and onwards between January 2008 and December 2009. We documented whether an ECV attempt was performed, reasons for not performing an attempt, mode of delivery, and hospital characteristics. We included 4,770 women from 36 hospitals. ECV was performed in 2,443 women (62.2% of eligible women, range 8.2-83.6% in different hospitals). Implementation rates were higher in teaching hospitals, hospitals with special office hours for ECV, larger obstetric units, and hospitals located in larger cities. Suboptimal implementation was mainly caused by health care providers who did not offer ECV. ECV implementation rates vary widely among hospitals. Suboptimal implementation is mostly caused by the care provider not offering the treatment and secondly due to women not opting for the offered attempt. A prerequisite for designing a proper implementation strategy is a detailed understanding of the exact reasons for not offering and not opting for ECV. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Hello handsome! Male's facial attractiveness gives rise to female's fairness bias in Ultimatum Game scenarios—An ERP study

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

The current study delineated how male proposers’ facial attractiveness affect female responders’ fairness considerations and their subsequent decision outcome during the Ultimatum Game (UG). Event Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 17 female subjects, who played the role as responders and had to decide whether to accept offers from either attractive or unattractive male proposers. Behavioral data (Acceptance Ratio and Response time) revealed that, more offers were accepted from attractive-face conditions; subjects typically responded quicker to unfair offers from unattractive proposers as compared with slower to unfair offers from attractive proposers. The ERP data demonstrated similar N2 amplitudes elicited by both attractive and unattractive faces, and a larger early frontal LPP elicited by the attractive faces compared with unattractive ones, but no significant differences of both late posterior LPP and typical parietal LPP amplitudes were observed between these two face conditions, which was different from our previous study with similar paradigm but male participants. The results suggest that, in comparison to males, females might not experience the potential attention bias towards unattractive opposite-sex faces and are less likely to possess an enhanced processing and evaluation of those faces. This phenomenon might be explained by endogenous gender differences in mate preference. The feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P300 responses during an offer presentation were further measured in both attractive-face and unattractive-face conditions and the results demonstrated that the amplitudes elicited by fair and unfair offers were not statistically different in the former condition, but were different in the latter condition. More specifically, unfair offers generated larger FRN and smaller P300 than fair ones in the unattractive-face condition. Findings suggest that, although females tend to possess less salient evaluation of male’s facial attractiveness, the attractiveness of male proposers would still attenuate female responders’ fairness consideration during the UG. PMID:28678888

Hello handsome! Male's facial attractiveness gives rise to female's fairness bias in Ultimatum Game scenarios-An ERP study.

PubMed

Ma, Qingguo; Qian, Da; Hu, Linfeng; Wang, Lei

2017-01-01

The current study delineated how male proposers' facial attractiveness affect female responders' fairness considerations and their subsequent decision outcome during the Ultimatum Game (UG). Event Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 17 female subjects, who played the role as responders and had to decide whether to accept offers from either attractive or unattractive male proposers. Behavioral data (Acceptance Ratio and Response time) revealed that, more offers were accepted from attractive-face conditions; subjects typically responded quicker to unfair offers from unattractive proposers as compared with slower to unfair offers from attractive proposers. The ERP data demonstrated similar N2 amplitudes elicited by both attractive and unattractive faces, and a larger early frontal LPP elicited by the attractive faces compared with unattractive ones, but no significant differences of both late posterior LPP and typical parietal LPP amplitudes were observed between these two face conditions, which was different from our previous study with similar paradigm but male participants. The results suggest that, in comparison to males, females might not experience the potential attention bias towards unattractive opposite-sex faces and are less likely to possess an enhanced processing and evaluation of those faces. This phenomenon might be explained by endogenous gender differences in mate preference. The feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P300 responses during an offer presentation were further measured in both attractive-face and unattractive-face conditions and the results demonstrated that the amplitudes elicited by fair and unfair offers were not statistically different in the former condition, but were different in the latter condition. More specifically, unfair offers generated larger FRN and smaller P300 than fair ones in the unattractive-face condition. Findings suggest that, although females tend to possess less salient evaluation of male's facial attractiveness, the attractiveness of male proposers would still attenuate female responders' fairness consideration during the UG.

Color Vision Deficits and Literacy Acquisition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hurley, Sandra Rollins

1994-01-01

Shows that color blindness, whether partial or total, inhibits literacy acquisition. Offers a case study of a third grader with impaired color vision. Presents a review of literature on the topic. Notes that people with color vision deficits are often unaware of the handicap. (RS)

Skill Development in Experimental Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bagán, Héctor; Sayós, Rosa; García, José F.

2015-01-01

Experimental courses offer a good opportunity to work with competences, promoting the incorporation of strategies oriented towards motivating students to actively involve in the learning process, promoting reflexive learning and developing generic skills. This study presents different ways of developing and evaluating some important general…

Assistive Technology. NICHCY News Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horne, Richard, Ed.

The newsletter presents six articles and associated information concerned with assistive technology for children and youth with handicaps. "Technology: Becoming an Informed Consumer" (Elizabeth Lahm and Sue Elting) reviews the history of technology with emphasis on assistive technology, offers case studies on technology applications, and gives…

Alexandria Is...

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alexandria City Schools, VA.

This student workbook offers a third grade social studies program about the geography, history, and contemporary life of Alexandria, Virginia. It is divided into eight chapters, which present background information and learning activities. Chapter I places Alexandria in the county, state, United States, western hemisphere, and world through…

On Being "Attractive" With Resistant Clients.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Mark J.; Wells, Don

1990-01-01

Calls client resistance a frequent occurrence within the helping profession. Defines client resistance, provides a brief review of related literature, and offers counselor attractiveness as one way of addressing the issue. Identifies attractive counselor behaviors and attitudes and presents case study illustrating specific attractive counselor…

Productivity: Vocational Education's Role. Information Series No. 223.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bolino, August C.

This paper's overiew of the relationship between vocational education and productivity includes the presentation of results from a multiple regression analysis of vocational education enrollments and various productivity indices. This tentative analysis contributes additional observations to the studies reviewed and offers pertinent suggestions…

Massive open online courses on health and medicine: review.

PubMed

Liyanagunawardena, Tharindu Rekha; Williams, Shirley Ann

2014-08-14

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have become immensely popular in a short span of time. However, there is very little research exploring MOOCs in the discipline of health and medicine. We aim to provide a review of MOOCs related to health and medicine offered by various MOOC platforms in 2013, by analyzing and comparing the various offerings, their target audience, typical length of course, and credentials offered. We also discuss opportunities and challenges presented by MOOCs in health and medicine. Health and medicine-related MOOCs were gathered using several methods to ensure the richness and completeness of data. Identified MOOC platform websites were used to gather the lists of offerings. In parallel, these MOOC platforms were contacted to access official data on their offerings. Two MOOC aggregator sites (Class Central and MOOC List) were also consulted to gather data on MOOC offerings. Eligibility criteria were defined to concentrate on the courses that were offered in 2013 and primarily on the subject of health and medicine. All language translations in this paper were done using Google Translate. The search identified 225 courses, of which 98 were eligible for the review. Over half (58%, 57/98) of the MOOCs considered were offered on the Coursera platform, and 94% (92/98) of all the MOOCs were offered in English. Universities offered 90 MOOCs, and the John Hopkins University offered the largest number of MOOCs (12/90). Only three MOOCs were offered by developing countries (China, West Indies, and Saudi Arabia). The duration of MOOCs varied from 3-20 weeks with an average length of 6.7 weeks. On average, MOOCs expected a participant to work on the material for 4.2 hours a week. Verified certificates were offered by 14 MOOCs, while three others offered other professional recognition. The review presents evidence to suggest that MOOCs can be used as a way to provide continuous medical education. It also shows the potential of MOOCs as a means of increasing health literacy among the public.

Period four metal nanoparticles on the inhibition of biofouling.

PubMed

Chapman, James; Weir, Emma; Regan, Fiona

2010-07-01

Biofilms present operational problems to a variety of industrial areas including but not limited to, medicine, water treatment, sensor sensitivity and shipping. Bacterial adhesion resides as a tiny monolayer and builds-up over time with the production of protective slimes known as extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) forming the 'biofilm'. Infection, inefficiency and diminution of quality are caused by biofilms, which have the potential to be prohibitively expensive to repair. The value of an effective coating that prevents the adhesion of bacteria and subsequent fouling is paramount in preserving sensitivity and longevity of a subjected operational substrate. Polymer and sol-gel (SG) based coatings tender a matrix for the introduction of biocides and antimicrobial agents that offer this prevention. They present a relatively cheap and optically clear platform that can then be doped with the antimicrobial agent. This proves useful in transferring across a range of industries that may require a transparent function to the coating. Nanoparticles offer a means of new line research in combating biofouling and biocorrosion with interest stemming from silver metal nanoparticles (MNPs) that already offer antimicrobial property. The aim of this work is to investigate period four metal nanoparticles for any antimicrobial potential they offer, in the prevention of fouling in the early stages. The research presented herein uses a range of period four MNPs synthesised through an adapted polyol reduction, which have then been doped into SG coatings and tested for their efficacy in preventing levels of biofouling. After a 7-day freshwater study results showed that MNPs prevent levels of biofouling upto 125% compared to the SG blank. The work uses bacterial enumeration, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), surface characterisation and slime and biomass analysis to complete a range of studies in assessing the level of fouling observed on the test substrates. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication of Students with Severe and Profound Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tabacaru, Cristina Dumitru

2016-01-01

The article aims to study ways of achieving human rights by offering everyone a voice, a communicational tool which will allow accessibility and access to quality education for all, regardless of the degree of disability. The main objective of the present study was to describe the profile of communication and study the use of verbal and nonverbal…

Horizons: A Guide to Post-Secondary Education in Ontario, 1983-84. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities, Toronto.

Information is presented on offerings and student costs at colleges of applied arts and technology in Ontario, Canada. These colleges are comprehensive institutions offering primarily diploma programs (2-3 years), and certificate programs (less than 1 year). Credit courses leading toward a diploma may be offered through continuing education on a…

Toward Data-Driven Design of Educational Courses: A Feasibility Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agrawal, Rakesh; Golshan, Behzad; Papalexakis, Evangelos

2016-01-01

A study plan is the choice of concepts and the organization and sequencing of the concepts to be covered in an educational course. While a good study plan is essential for the success of any course offering, the design of study plans currently remains largely a manual task. We present a novel data-driven method, which given a list of concepts can…

Toward Modular Soft Robotics: Proprioceptive Curvature Sensing and Sliding-Mode Control of Soft Bidirectional Bending Modules.

PubMed

Luo, Ming; Skorina, Erik H; Tao, Weijia; Chen, Fuchen; Ozel, Selim; Sun, Yinan; Onal, Cagdas D

2017-06-01

Real-world environments are complex, unstructured, and often fragile. Soft robotics offers a solution for robots to safely interact with the environment and human coworkers, but suffers from a host of challenges in sensing and control of continuously deformable bodies. To overcome these challenges, this article considers a modular soft robotic architecture that offers proprioceptive sensing of pressure-operated bending actuation modules. We present integrated custom magnetic curvature sensors embedded in the neutral axis of bidirectional bending actuators. We describe our recent advances in the design and fabrication of these modules to improve the reliability of proprioceptive curvature feedback over our prior work. In particular, we study the effect of dimensional parameters on improving the linearity of curvature measurements. In addition, we present a sliding-mode controller formulation that drives the binary solenoid valve states directly, giving the control system the ability to hold the actuator steady without continuous pressurization and depressurization. In comparison to other methods, this control approach does not rely on pulse width modulation and hence offers superior dynamic performance (i.e., faster response rates). Our experimental results indicate that the proposed soft robotic modules offer a large range of bending angles with monotonic and more linear embedded curvature measurements, and that the direct sliding-mode control system exhibits improved bandwidth and a notable reduction in binary valve actuation operations compared to our earlier iterative sliding-mode controller.

Everything under the Sun: A review of solar neutrinos

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gann, Gabriel D. Orebi

2015-07-15

Solar neutrinos offer a unique opportunity to study the interaction of neutrinos with matter, a sensitive search for potential new physics effects, and a probe of solar structure and solar system formation. This paper describes the broad physics program addressed by solar neutrino studies, presents the current suite of experiments programs, and describes several potential future detectors that could address the open questions in this field. This paper is a summary of a talk presented at the Neutrino 2014 conference in Boston.

Everything under the sun: A review of solar neutrinos

DOE PAGES

Gann, Gabriel D. Orebi

2015-07-15

Solar neutrinos offer a unique opportunity to study the interaction of neutrinos with matter, a sensitive search for potential new physics effects, and a probe of solar structure and solar system formation. This paper describes the broad physics program addressed by solar neutrino studies, presents the current suite of experiments programs, and describes several potential future detectors that could address the open questions in this field. This paper is a summary of a talk presented at the Neutrino 2014 conference in Boston.

Use of complementary and alternative medicine at Norwegian and Danish hospitals

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Several studies have found that a high proportion of the population in western countries use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, little is known about whether CAM is offered in hospitals. The aim of this study was to describe to what extent CAM is offered in Norwegian and Danish hospitals and investigate possible changes in Norway since 2001. Methods A one-page questionnaire was sent to all included hospitals in both countries. The questionnaire was sent to the person responsible for the clinical activity, typically the medical director. 99 hospitals in the authority (85%) in Norway and 126 in Denmark (97%) responded. Given contact persons were interviewed. Results CAM is presently offered in about 50% of Norwegian hospitals and one-third of Danish hospitals. In Norway CAM was offered in 50 hospitals, 40 of which involved acupuncture. 19 hospitals gave other alternative therapies like biofeedback, hypnosis, cupping, ear-acupuncture, herbal medicine, art therapy, homeopathy, reflexology, thought field therapy, gestalt therapy, aromatherapy, tai chi, acupressure, yoga, pilates and other. 9 hospitals offered more than one therapy form. In Denmark 38 hospitals offered acupuncture and one Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Light Therapy. The most commonly reported reason for offering CAM was scientific evidence in Denmark. In Norway it was the interest of a hospital employee, except for acupuncture where the introduction is more often initiated by the leadership and is more based on scientific evidence of effect. All persons (except one) responsible for the alternative treatment had a medical or allied health professional background and their education/training in CAM treatment varied substantially. Conclusions The extent of CAM being offered has increased substantially in Norway during the first decade of the 21st century. This might indicate a shift in attitude regarding CAM within the conventional health care system. PMID:21244655

Taste and Temperature in Swallowing Transit Time after Stroke

PubMed Central

Cola, Paula C.; Gatto, Ana R.; da Silva, Roberta G.; Spadotto, André A.; Ribeiro, Priscila W.; Schelp, Arthur O.; Carvalho, Lidia R.; Henry, Maria A.C.A.

2012-01-01

Background Oropharyngeal dysphagia is common in individuals after stroke. Taste and temperature are used in dysphagia rehabilitation. The influence of stimuli, such as taste and temperature, on swallowing biomechanics has been investigated in both healthy individuals and in individuals with neurological disease. However, some questions still remain unanswered, such as how the sequence of offered stimuli influences the pharyngeal response. The goal of the present study was to determine the influence of the sequence of stimuli, sour taste and cold temperature, on pharyngeal transit time during deglutition in individuals after stroke. Methods The study included 60 individuals with unilateral ischemic stroke, 29 males and 31 females, aged 41–88 years (mean age: 66.2 years) examined 0–50 days after ictus (median: 6 days), with mild to moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia. Exclusion criteria were hemorrhagic stroke patients, patients with decreased level of consciousness, and clinically unstable patients, as confirmed by medical evaluation. The individuals were divided into two groups of 30 individuals each. Group 1 received a nonrandomized sequence of stimuli (i.e. natural, cold, sour, and sour-cold) and group 2 received a randomized sequence of stimuli. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study was performed to analyze the pharyngeal transit time. Four different stimuli (natural, cold, sour, and sour-cold) were offered. The images were digitalized and specific software was used to measure the pharyngeal transit time. Since the values did not present regular distribution and uniform variances, nonparametric tests were performed. Results Individuals in group 1 presented a significantly shorter pharyngeal transit time with the sour-cold stimulus than with the other stimuli. Individuals in group 2 did not show a significant difference in pharyngeal transit time between stimuli. Conclusions The results showed that the sequence of offered stimuli influences the pharyngeal transit time in a different way in individuals after stroke and suggest that, when the sour-cold stimulus is offered in a randomized sequence, it can influence the response to the other stimuli in stroke patients. Hence, the sour-cold stimulus could be used as a therapeutic aid in dysphagic stroke patients. PMID:23139681

Grappling with Strategic Dissonance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dowie, Sandra

2002-01-01

Presents a case study of the Virtual Retina project (an instructional CD-ROM for ophthalmology students) at the University of Alberta as an example of strategic dissonance in an educational technology unit. Offers methods to analyze the external competitive environment and internal capabilities of educational technology units. (EV)

Ethical Issues Involving Research Conducted with Homebound Older Adults

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Locher, Julie L.; Bronstein, Janet; Robinson, Caroline O.; Williams, Charlotte; Ritchie, Christine S.

2006-01-01

Conducting research in the home setting with homebound older adults presents distinct ethical and practical challenges that require special consideration. This article describes the methodological issues that make studying homebound older adults especially vulnerable to therapeutic misconception and researcher role conflict and offers practical…

Botanic garden genetics: comparison of two cyacad conservation collections

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Genetic data can guide the management of plant conservation collections. Direct assay of an ex situ collection’s genetic diversity, measured against wild plant populations, offers insight for conservation efforts. Here we present a carefully chosen case study, Zamia lucayana, selected for its contra...

Preferred Learning Styles in the Second Language Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cincotta, Madeline Strong

1998-01-01

Outlines the preferred learning styles of students studying second languages, offering suggestions for their application in second-language classrooms. The paper describes the right-brain/left-brain theory and how the two brain hemispheres are involved in learning; presents four classroom strategies (diversification, contextualization,…

Examining School Violence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosen, Barry, Ed.; Dobry, Diane, Ed.; Andrews, Heather, Ed.; Reznik, Deidre, Ed.

2001-01-01

This document considers school violence by reviewing the school environment, assessing the difficulties and causes of violence, and offering solutions to the problems. One study describes risk factors for aggressive behavior among middle school students and presents steps that can be taken to prevent the development of such behavior. Several…

The Zoo, Benchmarks & You: How To Reach the Oregon State Benchmarks with Zoo Resources.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2002

This document aligns Oregon state educational benchmarks and standards with Oregon Zoo resources. Benchmark areas examined include English, mathematics, science, social studies, and career and life roles. Brief descriptions of the programs offered by the zoo are presented. (SOE)

Eliciting Spontaneous Speech in Bilingual Students: Methods & Techniques.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cornejo, Ricardo J.; And Others

Intended to provide practical information pertaining to methods and techniques for speech elicitation and production, the monograph offers specific methods and techniques to elicit spontaneous speech in bilingual students. Chapter 1, "Traditional Methodologies for Language Production and Recording," presents an overview of studies using…

Collection Evaluation Techniques in the Academic Art Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kusnerz, Peggy Ann

1983-01-01

Presents an overview of library collection evaluation techniques described in the literature--list-checking, quantitative analysis, use studies, and subject specialist review--and offers suggestions to the librarian for the application of these methods in an art library. Twenty-five references are provided. (EJS)

Seeing Childhood in Art Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duncum, Paul

2000-01-01

Examines television advertisements aimed at children outlining the implications for the classroom as well as art education as a field of study. Argues that the images presented in mass media offer a challenge to adults related to their childhood conceptions resulting from certain roles, such as teachers. (CMK)

Conflict of interest policies among institutions and organizations offering chiropractic continuing education.

PubMed

Funk, Matthew F; Lisi, Anthony J

2009-05-01

The purpose of this study is to document and describe the policies governing conflict of interest (COI) among select organizations and institutions offering chiropractic continuing education. Surveys were sent to the following: all North American chiropractic colleges; major national chiropractic organizations; and state chiropractic organizations in states with more than 3500 licensed Doctors of Chiropractic. Each organization or institution was surveyed regarding written and verbal COI policies. Half of the respondents in this survey indicated that they had written policies for management of COI, whereas half did not. None included most of the common elements typically outlined in continuing medical education COI policies. Content varied among the policies available for review. Relevant financial interest is the issue most often defined, and respondents generally prohibit presenters from selling products or services directly during presentations. Overall, these results suggest that processes for managing COI in chiropractic CE are less robust than those previously described for continuing medical education. This study provides preliminary insight into the status of COI management in chiropractic CE.

Long-Term Effects of Strategic Reading Instruction in the Intermediate Elementary Grades

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Droop, Mienke; van Elsäcker, Willy; Voeten, Marinus J. M.; Verhoeven, Ludo

2016-01-01

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a program that offered sustained strategic reading instruction on reading abilities of third and fourth graders. The study was conducted among 1,469 children from 40 schools in the Netherlands. Schools were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Multilevel…

Individualized Instruction in the Social Studies Through Learning Centers and Contracts. How To Do It Series, Series 2, No. 11.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Anita Price

The paper presents a rationale for individualizing instruction in social studies in elementary and secondary schools and offers suggestions to aid classroom teachers as they develop two individualized instruction techniques. These recommended approaches are learning centers (areas of classrooms set aside for special learning, review, and…

The Career Paths of Primary School Principals in Ireland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ummanel, Azize; McNamara, Gerry; Stynes, Martin

2016-01-01

The key purpose of this paper is to offer an exploration of the career paths of a number of Irish school principals. The information presented is part of a comparative study in the area, involving three island states: Cyprus, Malta and Ireland. The study provides an insight into how individuals become principals and how they perceive themselves in…

A Study of Policy for Providing Feedback to Students on College English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Liping

2009-01-01

Feedback is central to the development of effective learning in college English. This article presents a study on feedback to students on college English. The purpose of providing feedback to the students is to help teachers and students to identify their strengths and weaknesses. The author offers different kinds of feedback in her teaching.…

Wayne School of Engineering: Case Study of a Rural Inclusive STEM-Focused High School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peters Burton, Erin; Kaminsky, Samuel E.; Lynch, Sharon; Behrend, Tara; Han, Edmund; Ross, Kathleen; House, Ann

2014-01-01

Rural schools face challenges that are often different than nonrural schools. Resource constraints are particularly acute in rural schools, and they struggle to offer advanced courses and extracurricular programs. The purpose of this paper is to present a descriptive, instrumental case study of an inclusive rural science, technology, engineering,…

A Study of New Mexico Migrant Agricultural Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Borrego, John G.; And Others

The intent of this report, as stated, is to bring about an awareness of the kinds of problems faced by migrant agricultural workers (Mexican Americans and Navajos), by farmers, and by agencies offering services to these migrants in New Mexico. An overview of the national and state migrant situation is presented, as well as case studies of various…

Teaching a Basic Religious Studies Course Using Guided Design and an Individualized Course Requirements Plan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trobian, Helen R.

The religious studies course described in this paper is offered at Bennett College, a predominantly Black college for women. It utilizes an extensive book list and library reserves rather than a textbook, and emphasizes individualized research carried on concurrently with classroom presentations. Specific components of the course are listed and/or…

The Sitter Service in Scotland: A Study of the Costs and Benefits. Insight.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Valerie; Hall, Stuart; Rankin, Nicola; Davidson, Julia; Schad, Dominic

This report presents the findings of an examination of the costs, benefits, and characteristics of Sitter Services, a program in Scotland offering child care in the child's home to parents working atypical hours or respite care for families of children with developmental disabilities. The study also explored users' and providers' knowledge of the…

Pedagogic Effectiveness of Print, Interactive Multimedia, and Online Resources: A Case Study of IGNOU

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dikshit, Jyotsna; Garg, Suresh; Panda, Santosh

2013-01-01

In the present paper, the authors report on a comparative study on the pedagogic effectiveness of printed self-learning text with face-to-face tutorial support, interactive multimedia CD-ROM and online learning in an introductory computing module at the certificate level offered at Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), India. The study…

A Foundation To Uphold: A Study of Facilities Conditions at U.S. Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaiser, Harvey H.; Davis, Jerry S.

This report presents the results of a study of the condition of higher education facilities in the United States and offers recommendations to improve the deteriorating state of such facilities. The 1995 survey examined statistical, financial, and operational data gathered through mailed questionnaires returned by 400 institutions. The results…

A Comparison of the Turkish and Romanian Students' Willingness to Communicate and Its Affecting Factors in English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asmali, Mehmet; Bilki, Ufuk; Duban, Carina Adriana

2015-01-01

The present study attempts to offer a small-scale investigation of the willingness to communicate and its key antecedents, namely the self-perceived communication competence and the communication apprehension in Turkish and Romanian contexts. A total of 130 participants took part in this quantitative approach based study. The data suggested…

Handbook. Midwest Center for Off-Campus Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Midwest Center for Off-Campus Studies, Lincoln, IL.

The Midwest Center for Off-Campus Studies offers students the opportunity to learn in a holistic manner by inserting them into a new community, either domestic or foreign, so that they can not only see the physical characteristics of the site, but can experience learning. Although the Center is at present an association of five Illinois two-year…

Participation and Achievement in Enterprise MOOCs for Professional Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwerer, Florian; Egloffstein, Marc

2016-01-01

This paper presents initial results of an empirical study describing participation and achievement in Enterprise MOOCs for professional learning. In a case study, five courses from openSAP, the MOOC offering of SAP SE, with a total sample of n = 9994 have been surveyed. The results indicate a strong solution-market fit for Enterprise MOOCs in the…

Channel Effects and Non-Verbal Properties of Media Messages: A State of the Art Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCain, Thomas A.; White, Sylvia

The purposes of this paper are to compile and describe the published empirical studies that have examined nonverbal visual production variables, to offer a critique of the lines of inquiry, and to suggest some areas for continued research. The studies are presented in two major sections: intravisual and intermedia. The intravisual section…

Factors Influencing Error Recovery in Collections Databases: A Museum Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marty, Paul F.

2005-01-01

This article offers an analysis of the process of error recovery as observed in the development and use of collections databases in a university museum. It presents results from a longitudinal case study of the development of collaborative systems and practices designed to reduce the number of errors found in the museum's databases as museum…

Preservice Teachers' Reasoning about Relationships That Are and Are Not Proportional: A Knowledge-in-Pieces Account

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Izsák, Andrew; Jacobson, Erik

2017-01-01

Past studies have documented students' and teachers' persistent difficulties in determining whether 2 quantities covary in a direct proportion, especially when presented missing-value word problems. In the current study, we combine a mathematical analysis with a psychological perspective to offer a new explanation for such difficulties. The…

Food for love: the role of food offering in empathic emotion regulation

PubMed Central

Hamburg, Myrte E.; Finkenauer, Catrin; Schuengel, Carlo

2014-01-01

The present article examines the interpersonal and intrapersonal antecedents and consequences of food offering. Food offering is one of the earliest biobehavioral regulatory interactions between parent and child. It ensures survival of the child who is fully dependent on food provision by others. The quality of these early interactions influences how people respond to situations later in life, and food offering in particular may be closely related to emotion regulation throughout the lifespan. While research has examined other forms of emotion regulation, and food consumption has been studied from an intrapersonal perspective, we know little about the interpersonal effects of food offering. After reviewing literature from a wide range of disciplines, we propose that one mechanism underlying these effects is empathic emotion regulation (EER). We conceptualize EER as an interpersonal regulation system in which an empathic response to another person’s emotional state aims to regulate both emotion within the provider and across interaction partners. We suggest that the offer of food by an empathic provider is motivated by the emotional state of one’s interaction partner (recipient). By offering food, the provider not only aims to attenuate the recipient’s negative affect but also her own. Food offering thereby becomes a means to increase positive affect for both recipient and – when the offer has the desired effect – provider. We further propose that the sharing of food resources as well as the use of food as a support behavior increases interpersonal closeness. Finally, we frame the process of food offering within a developmental perspective. If the regulatory success of food offering becomes a replacement for other support behaviors, children will learn from an early age to use food as a primary means to soothe self and others, possibly resulting in eating disorders and a restricted range of coping behavior. PMID:24550860

Protective effects of Vitamin C against spinal cord injury-induced renal damage through suppression of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokines.

PubMed

Wang, Wei-Guo; Xiu, Rui-Juan; Xu, Zhan-Wang; Yin, Yan-Xia; Feng, Yuan; Cao, Xue-Cheng; Wang, Ping-Shan

2015-04-01

Spinal cord injury [SCI] leads to complex cellular and molecular interactions which affects various organ systems. The present study focused on determining the protection offered by Vitamin C against spinal injury-induced kidney damage in wistar rats. The experimental protocol was performed with three groups; Sham, SCI and Vitamin C [20 mg/kg/bw] followed by SCI. The kidney tissue was investigated for oxidative stress parameters [reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl, sulphydryl content, thiobarbituric acid reactive species [TBARS], and myeloperoxidase activity] and antioxidant status [glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase activity]. Further, inflammation studies were performed by analyzing expression of NF-κB, cycloxygenase-2, iNOS through western blot analysis and inflammatory cytokines by TNF-α and IL-1β levels. The present study shows clear evidence that Vitamin C treatment abrogated spinal injury-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and enhanced the antioxidant status. Thus, the protection offered by Vitamin C against spinal cord injury-induced kidney damage is attributed to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

The Responders’ Gender Stereotypes Modulate the Strategic Decision-Making of Proposers Playing the Ultimatum Game

PubMed Central

Fabre, Eve F.; Causse, Mickael; Pesciarelli, Francesca; Cacciari, Cristina

2016-01-01

Despite the wealth of studies investigating factors affecting decisions, not much is known about the impact of stereotypical beliefs on strategic economic decision-making. In the present study, we used the ultimatum game paradigm to investigate how participants playing as proposer modulate their strategic economic behavior, according to their game counterparts’ stereotypical identity (i.e., responders). The latter were introduced to the participants using occupational role nouns stereotypically marked with gender paired with feminine or masculine proper names (e.g., linguist-Anna; economist-David; economist-Cristina; linguist-Leonardo). When playing with male-stereotyped responders, proposers quickly applied the equity rule, behaving fairly, while they adopted a strategic behavior with responders characterized by female stereotypes. They were also longer to make their offers to female than to male responders but both kinds of responders received comparable offers, suggesting a greater cognitive effort to treat females as equally as males. The present study explicitly demonstrates that gender stereotypical information affect strategic economic decision-making and highlights a possible evolution of gender discrimination into a more insidious discrimination toward individuals with female characteristics. PMID:26834684

The Responders' Gender Stereotypes Modulate the Strategic Decision-Making of Proposers Playing the Ultimatum Game.

PubMed

Fabre, Eve F; Causse, Mickael; Pesciarelli, Francesca; Cacciari, Cristina

2016-01-01

Despite the wealth of studies investigating factors affecting decisions, not much is known about the impact of stereotypical beliefs on strategic economic decision-making. In the present study, we used the ultimatum game paradigm to investigate how participants playing as proposer modulate their strategic economic behavior, according to their game counterparts' stereotypical identity (i.e., responders). The latter were introduced to the participants using occupational role nouns stereotypically marked with gender paired with feminine or masculine proper names (e.g., linguist-Anna; economist-David; economist-Cristina; linguist-Leonardo). When playing with male-stereotyped responders, proposers quickly applied the equity rule, behaving fairly, while they adopted a strategic behavior with responders characterized by female stereotypes. They were also longer to make their offers to female than to male responders but both kinds of responders received comparable offers, suggesting a greater cognitive effort to treat females as equally as males. The present study explicitly demonstrates that gender stereotypical information affect strategic economic decision-making and highlights a possible evolution of gender discrimination into a more insidious discrimination toward individuals with female characteristics.

Marketing Digital Offerings Is Different: Strategies for Teaching about Digital Offerings in the Marketing Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Scott D.; Micken, Kathleen S.

2015-01-01

Digital offerings represent different challenges for marketers than do traditional goods and services. After reviewing the literature, the authors suggest ways that the marketing of digital goods and services might be better presented to and better understood by students. The well-known four challenges of services marketing model (e.g.,…

Guide to Graduate Departments of Geography in the United States and Canada 1982-1983.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of American Geographers, Washington, DC.

Information is presented about requirements, course offerings, financial aid, and personnel for 147 graduate departments of geography in the United States and Canada. Seventy-three offer a Ph.D. in geography, and 77 award the Master's degree. Information provided for each institution includes: date founded; degrees offered; number of degrees…

Comparison of coronary heart disease genetic assessment with conventional cardiovascular risk assessment in primary care: reflections on a feasibility study.

PubMed

Qureshi, Nadeem; Kai, Joe; Middlemass, Jo; Dhiman, Paula; Cross-Bardell, Laura; Acharya, Jayshree; Li, Ka Wan; Humphries, Steve E; Standen, Penelope J

2015-11-01

This study assesses the feasibility of collecting genetic samples and self-reported outcome measures after cardiovascular risk assessment, and presenting the genetic test results to participants. Coronary heart disease (CHD) genetic tests are increasingly available through direct-to-consumer marketing, but their potential clinical impact on cardiovascular risk assessment is unclear. Observational study in 10 British general practices in Central England. A total of 320 individuals, who had completed conventional cardiovascular risk assessment, were offered CHD genetic test, with follow-up outcome questionnaire at eight months for lifestyle change and State-Trait Anxiety. A total of 119 (37%) participants returned genetic test specimens, with over a third reporting family history of CHD in a specified relative; 79 (66.4%) were categorized above-average risk on conventional cardiovascular risk assessment, 65 of whom (82.3%) were only average risk on genetic assessment. The dietary fat questionnaire was poorly completed while study participation was not associated with increased anxiety (mean increase in anxiety score=2.1; 95% CI -0.1-4.3; P=0.06). As a feasibility study, over a third of individuals offered genetic testing in primary care, as part of CVD risk assessment, took up the offer. Although intervention did not appear to increase anxiety, this needs further evaluation. To improve generalizability and effect size, future studies should actively engage individuals from wider socio-economic backgrounds who may not have already contemplated lifestyle change. The current research suggests general practitioners will face the clinical challenge of patients presenting with direct-to-consumer genetic results that are inconsistent with conventional cardiovascular risk assessment.

Testosterone Administration Related Differences in Brain Activation during the Ultimatum Game

PubMed Central

Kopsida, Eleni; Berrebi, Jonathan; Petrovic, Predrag; Ingvar, Martin

2016-01-01

A plethora of studies on the Ultimatum Game have shown that responders forfeit the rule of profit maximization and punish unfair proposers, by rejecting their offers. This behavior has been linked to increased amygdala, insula, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation. Studies have suggested a potential role of testosterone in the Ultimatum Game albeit with inconsistent findings. In the present study, we sought to further investigate the role of amygdala and testosterone in the Ultimatum Game, by conducting a double-blinded, single-administration study. Sixty milligram of Tostrex was administered to male and female healthy volunteers, 3 h prior to undergoing an fMRI session, during which they played a standard version of the Ultimatum Game. The behavioral analysis revealed a statistical trend, as participants in the testosterone group tended to accept a greater number of unfair offers than participants in the placebo group, irrespectively of gender. In terms of fMRI results, for the main contrast unfair>fair offers, the testosterone group displayed a greater activation in the right dlPFC compared to the placebo group. Increased testosterone levels were related to greater caudate activity. Our findings suggest a complex role of testosterone in social behavior and decision-making. PMID:26973448

Heart-rate deceleration predicting the determination of costly punishment: Implications for its involvement in cognitive effort expended in overriding self-interest.

PubMed

Osumi, Takahiro; Ohira, Hideki

2016-11-01

Previous studies have investigated which biological markers predict the decision to reject unfair monetary offers, termed costly punishment, in the ultimatum game (UG). One study showed that a phasic deceleratory response in heart rate (HR) is evoked in the responder more readily by offers that will be rejected than by offers that will be accepted. However, owing to the paucity of supporting evidence, it remains unclear whether and why HR deceleration can predict the decisions of UG responders. In this paper, we report two separate studies (Study 1 and Study 2) using modified versions of the UG to explore factors modulating HR deceleration. In Study 1, as well as unfair offers, fair offers induced greater HR deceleration when responders were forced to reject offers compared to when they were forced to accept offers. In Study 2, a high rejection rate for very unfair offers was sustained, regardless of the size of the offers, but HR deceleration was increased for unfair but large offers, relative to unfair, small offers. Moreover, HR deceleration was associated with the rejection of large offers. However, across the two studies, HR deceleration did not simply vary depending on unfairness. These findings support the possibility that HR decelerates as a function of cognitive load in determining costly punishment. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

One Family's Journey: Medical Home and the Network of Supports It Offers Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs--Parent Partners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Townsend, Sabra; Pola-Money, Gina; Gatto, Molly

2007-01-01

In this 12 installment Medical Home series, "EP" will present a case study about the American Academy of Pediatrics' Medical Home Initiative. A "Medical Home" is not a building. It is an approach to providing healthcare services to children with special healthcare needs. This article presents Part 3 in the series as readers learn more about Amita…

Radiation hardness and timing studies of a monolithic TowerJazz pixel design for the new ATLAS Inner Tracker

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riegel, C.; Backhaus, M.; Van Hoorne, J. W.; Kugathasan, T.; Musa, L.; Pernegger, H.; Riedler, P.; Schaefer, D.; Snoeys, W.; Wagner, W.

2017-01-01

A part of the upcoming HL-LHC upgrade of the ATLAS Detector is the construction of a new Inner Tracker. This upgrade opens new possibilities, but also presents challenges in terms of occupancy and radiation tolerance. For the pixel detector inside the inner tracker, hybrid modules containing passive silicon sensors and connected readout chips are presently used, but require expensive assembly techniques like fine-pitch bump bonding. Silicon devices fabricated in standard commercial CMOS technologies, which include part or all of the readout chain, are also investigated offering a reduced cost as they are cheaper per unit area than traditional silicon detectors. If they contain the full readout chain, as for a fully monolithic approach, there is no need for the expensive flip-chip assembly, resulting in a further cost reduction and material savings. In the outer pixel layers of the ATLAS Inner Tracker, the pixel sensors must withstand non-ionising energy losses of up to 1015 n/cm2 and offer a timing resolution of 25 ns or less. This paper presents test results obtained on a monolithic test chip, the TowerJazz 180nm Investigator, towards these specifications. The presented program of radiation hardness and timing studies has been launched to investigate this technology's potential for the new ATLAS Inner Tracker.

Multidisciplinary Geophysical Study of the Earth’s Upper Structure.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-12-27

structures normally detected by geophysical methods. This study was unique in several respects and it offers some original approaches to...that the Avalonian Superterrane within the region of the present study, at least, originally consisted, in part, of carbonate and quartzite...time. Thus large parts of the Avalonian composite tcrranc, especially the Esmond -Dedham Tcrrane that contains Pennsylvanian coal basins, may be

Critical Perspectives on Changes in Educational Leadership Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Ting

2011-01-01

This paper examines a group of Chinese educational leaders' leadership practice changes after undertaking a leadership development course offered by an Australian university in China. It presents their self-reported changes in leadership practice profiles and features selected vignettes. The study was primarily qualitative and interpretative,…

Future collaborations between NEON and the U.S. EPA: linking molecular genomics for bioassessment with national ecological data sets

EPA Science Inventory

Molecular taxonomic techniques such as DNA barcoding offer interesting new capabilities for studying community biodiversity for applications like biological monitoring. Beyond DNA barcoding, new DNA sequencing technologies (i.e. Next-Generation Sequencing) present even greater po...

Critical Reflectivity and the Development of New Culturally Relevant Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durden, Tonia R.; Truscott, Diane M.

2013-01-01

Three case studies present how preservice teachers use reflections while learning to teach. Interviews and document analysis reveal that critical reflections evidence greater understanding of culturally relevant pedagogy and offer a platform for critical consciousness. Using critical reflectivity to develop teachers' understandings of culturally…

Thermal Cameras in School Laboratory Activities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haglund, Jesper; Jeppsson, Fredrik; Hedberg, David; Schönborn, Konrad J.

2015-01-01

Thermal cameras offer real-time visual access to otherwise invisible thermal phenomena, which are conceptually demanding for learners during traditional teaching. We present three studies of students' conduction of laboratory activities that employ thermal cameras to teach challenging thermal concepts in grades 4, 7 and 10-12. Visualization of…

Solar Greenhouses and Sunspaces: Lessons Learned.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Stephen G.; And Others

Solar technology systems are being studied, managed, built and offered as an effective alternative energy option. This publication presents background material for the building and operation of better sunspaces and greenhouses. Recent developments in solar technology are explained and information on solar greenhouse and sunspace is provided (in…

Aptitude x Treatment Interactions: Implications for Patient Education Research.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holloway, Richard L.; And Others

1988-01-01

Aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) identifies patient characteristics and optimal instructional treatments, is compatible with psychological theories and clinical approaches, and offers a specific methodology for approaching existing problems in a new way. This article presents studies in which ATI has illuminated patient needs and treatments…

Teaching Process Writing in an Online Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carolan, Fergal; Kyppö, Anna

2015-01-01

This reflective practice paper offers some insights into teaching an interdisciplinary academic writing course aimed at promoting process writing. The study reflects on students' acquisition of writing skills and the teacher's support practices in a digital writing environment. It presents writers' experiences related to various stages of process…

Women in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Donnell, Sheryl, Ed.; Shaver, Barbara, Ed.

1981-01-01

Articles on women's studies and females in higher education are presented in this publication. A University of North Dakota project that sought to promote the integration of new research and scholarship results into the curriculum is described in "Women's Equity Committee Offers a Model Project," (Leola Furman, Robert Young). Historical…

Foundations/History/Philosophy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thelin, John R.

Patterns that emerged from reviewing 20 syllabi for courses on educational foundations, history, and philosophy are discussed, and five sample syllabi are presented. These courses are offered as part of graduate level studies in the field of higher education administration. The review revealed the following profile: the history of higher education…

Sensational Studies in Marine Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keller, E. C., Jr.; Schroyer, Fred C.

1981-01-01

Presents a description of a five-week summer course in marine biology and oceanography offered to college-bound, secondary students with varied physical handicaps. Summarizes insights gained after four summer sessions related to communication problems, physical arrangements for the wheelchair-bound, and handicap-proof maps; evaluates the course's…

The Role of Goal Orientation in Leadership Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeGeest, David; Brown, Kenneth G.

2011-01-01

Goal-orientation theory and research offer a lens to better understand the mechanisms of experiential learning in developmental assignments for managers. This study presents a research model that depicts how goal orientations influence the development of leadership skills from experience. The model indicates how individual and situational…

Study in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 1987/1988. An IIE Guide to Study Abroad. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Edrice Marguerite, Ed.

A guide to more than 650 study programs in England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland is presented for U.S. students who wish to study abroad. Many of the programs, which range in length up to a full academic year, are sponsored or co-sponsored by the U.S. colleges and universities. The remainder are offered by a…

SRM-Assisted Trajectory for the GTX Reference Vehicle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riehl, John; Trefny, Charles; Kosareo, Daniel

2002-01-01

A goal of the GTX effort has been to demonstrate the feasibility of a single stage- to- orbit (SSTO) vehicle that delivers a small payload to low earth orbit. The small payload class was chosen in order to minimize the risk and cost of development of this revolutionary system. A preliminary design study by the GTX team has resulted in the current configuration that offers considerable promise for meeting the stated goal. The size and gross lift-off weight resulting from scaling the current design to closure however may be considered impractical for the small payload. In lieu of evolving the project's reference vehicle to a large-payload class, this paper offers the alternative of using solid-rocket motors in order to close the vehicle at a practical scale. This approach offers a near-term, quasi-reusable system that easily evolves to reusable SSTO following subsequent development and optimization. This paper presents an overview of the impact of the addition of SRM's to the GTX reference vehicle's performance and trajectory. The overall methods of vehicle modeling and trajectory optimization will also be presented. A key element in the trajectory optimization is the use of the program OTIS 3.10 that provides rapid convergence and a great deal of flexibility to the user. This paper will also present the methods used to implement GTX requirements into OTIS modeling.

SRM-Assisted Trajectory for the GTX Reference Vehicle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riehl, John; Trefny, Charles; Kosareo, Daniel (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

A goal of the GTX effort has been to demonstrate the feasibility of a single stage-to-orbit (SSTO) vehicle that delivers a small payload to low earth orbit. The small payload class was chosen in order to minimize the risk and cost of development of this revolutionary system. A preliminary design study by the GTX team has resulted in the current configuration that offers considerable promise for meeting the stated goal. The size and gross lift-off weight resulting from scaling the current design to closure however may be considered impractical for the small payload. In lieu of evolving the project' reference vehicle to a large-payload class, this paper offers the alternative of using solid-rocket motors in order to close the vehicle at a practical scale. This approach offers a near-term, quasi-reusable system that easily evolves to reusable SSTO following subsequent development and optimization. This paper presents an overview of the impact of the addition of SRM's to the GTX reference vehicle#s performance and trajectory. The overall methods of vehicle modeling and trajectory optimization will also be presented. A key element in the trajectory optimization is the use of the program OTIS 3.10 that provides rapid convergence and a great deal of flexibility to the user. This paper will also present the methods used to implement GTX requirements into OTIS modeling.

Behavioral and neuronal determinants of negative reciprocity in the ultimatum game

PubMed Central

Hildebrandt, Andrea; Wilhelm, Oliver; Sommer, Werner

2016-01-01

The rejection of unfair offers in the ultimatum game (UG) indicates negative reciprocity. The model of strong reciprocity claims that negative reciprocity reflects prosociality because the rejecting individual is sacrificing resources in order to punish unfair behavior. However, a recent study found that the rejection rate of unfair offers is linked to assertiveness (status defense model). To pursue the question what drives negative reciprocity, the present study investigated individual differences in the rejection of unfair offers along with their behavioral and neuronal determinants. We measured fairness preferences and event-related potentials (ERP) in 200 healthy participants playing a computerized version of the UG with pictures of unfair and fair proposers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) on the behavioral data corroborated both the strong reciprocity and the status defense models of human cooperation: Not only more prosocial but also more assertive individuals were more likely to show negative reciprocity by rejecting unfair offers. Experimental ERP results confirmed the feedback negativity (FN) as a neural signature of fairness processing. Multilevel SEM of brain–behavior relationships revealed that negative reciprocity was significantly associated with individual differences in FN amplitudes in response to proposers. Our results confirm stable individual differences in fairness processing at the behavioral and neuronal level. PMID:27261490

Negotiating for more: the multiple equivalent simultaneous offer.

PubMed

Heller, Richard E

2014-02-01

Whether a doctor, professional baseball manager, or a politician, having successful negotiation skills is a critical part of being a leader. Building upon prior journal articles on negotiation strategy, the author presents the concept of the multiple equivalent simultaneous offer (MESO). The concept of a MESO is straightforward: as opposed to making a single offer, make multiple offers with several variables. Each offer alters the different variables, such that the end result of each offer is equivalent from the perspective of the party making the offer. Research has found several advantages to the use of MESOs. For example, using MESOs, an offer was more likely to be accepted, and the counterparty was more likely to be satisfied with the negotiated deal. Additional benefits have been documented as well, underscoring why a prepared radiology business leader should understand the theory and practice of MESO. Copyright © 2014 American College of Radiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

21 CFR 310.534 - Drug products containing active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. 310.534 Section 310.534 Food... active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. (a... aqueous solution have been present in oral mucosal injury drug products for use as oral wound healing...

21 CFR 310.534 - Drug products containing active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. 310.534 Section 310.534 Food... active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. (a... aqueous solution have been present in oral mucosal injury drug products for use as oral wound healing...

21 CFR 310.534 - Drug products containing active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. 310.534 Section 310.534 Food... active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. (a... aqueous solution have been present in oral mucosal injury drug products for use as oral wound healing...

21 CFR 310.534 - Drug products containing active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. 310.534 Section 310.534 Food... active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. (a... aqueous solution have been present in oral mucosal injury drug products for use as oral wound healing...

21 CFR 310.534 - Drug products containing active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. 310.534 Section 310.534 Food... active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for human use as oral wound healing agents. (a... aqueous solution have been present in oral mucosal injury drug products for use as oral wound healing...

Massive Open Online Courses on Health and Medicine: Review

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have become immensely popular in a short span of time. However, there is very little research exploring MOOCs in the discipline of health and medicine. Objective We aim to provide a review of MOOCs related to health and medicine offered by various MOOC platforms in 2013, by analyzing and comparing the various offerings, their target audience, typical length of course, and credentials offered. We also discuss opportunities and challenges presented by MOOCs in health and medicine. Methods Health and medicine–related MOOCs were gathered using several methods to ensure the richness and completeness of data. Identified MOOC platform websites were used to gather the lists of offerings. In parallel, these MOOC platforms were contacted to access official data on their offerings. Two MOOC aggregator sites (Class Central and MOOC List) were also consulted to gather data on MOOC offerings. Eligibility criteria were defined to concentrate on the courses that were offered in 2013 and primarily on the subject of health and medicine. All language translations in this paper were done using Google Translate. Results The search identified 225 courses, of which 98 were eligible for the review. Over half (58%, 57/98) of the MOOCs considered were offered on the Coursera platform, and 94% (92/98) of all the MOOCs were offered in English. Universities offered 90 MOOCs, and the John Hopkins University offered the largest number of MOOCs (12/90). Only three MOOCs were offered by developing countries (China, West Indies, and Saudi Arabia). The duration of MOOCs varied from 3-20 weeks with an average length of 6.7 weeks. On average, MOOCs expected a participant to work on the material for 4.2 hours a week. Verified certificates were offered by 14 MOOCs, while three others offered other professional recognition. Conclusions The review presents evidence to suggest that MOOCs can be used as a way to provide continuous medical education. It also shows the potential of MOOCs as a means of increasing health literacy among the public. PMID:25123952

Multiculturalism as an element of Lublin's tourism product

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodzoś, Jolanta; Szczęsna, Joanna

2012-01-01

Taking into account both the cultural resources and the demand for a tourist offer with elements of cultural heritage, it can be stated that creating an intergrated tourism product based on Lublin's multicultural character is possible and needed. Traces of existence of various ethnic, national, religious groups are clear and vivid and may become the basis of an interesting offer for tourists. They are at the same time original and unique enough to become the trademark of the city. The realization of such a product can make Lublin the center of historical multiculturalism. The products could become Lublin's distinctive feature on the Polish and European map. The addressees of such a product could be tourists but also Lublin's citizens themselves, for whom it would be a great opportunity to learn about the past of their city. Multicultural heritage allows to create an offer that will help tourists to engage themselves actively in the cognitive process of discovering the city. Taking part in a cultural-religious event of a particular cultural group, staying in a stylish hotel, or a meal in a restaurant offering some traditional cuisine will activate tourists in an emotional way and will offer an opportunity to experience reality in a new way. This means of presenting reality is needed these days. There is a great need for active methods of presenting history, traditions, and customs. The Lublin of today offers too many traditional means of presentation, in which tourists are just passive observers and listeners. Broadening the current offer will not only promote Lublin's multicultural heritage but will also become a chance of creating a new image of its tourism.

Coordination between Education and Population Policies--A Case Study of India.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chawla, S. P.

Population and educational policies of the government of India since 1950 are reviewed. A major objective of the study is to take stock of accomplishments and problems in the two policy areas so that policymakers will have up to date information upon which to base future planning. The document is presented in seven chapters. Chapter I offers an…

Ways and Means of Adapting Culture and Structure: Case Studies. Support Document 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clayton, Berwyn; Fisher, Thea; Harris, Roger; Bateman, Andrea; Brown, Mike

2008-01-01

The resource in this support document is a set of small case studies, offering insights into how a range of organisations have gone about adapting their organisational structure and/or culture to enhance their capability. Key elements of each case are presented with a particular emphasis on: (1) the principles that have underpinned each approach…

Progress in the Inductive Strategy-Use of Children from Different Ethnic Backgrounds: A Study Employing Dynamic Testing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Resing, Wilma C. M.; Touw, Kirsten W. J.; Veerbeek, Jochanan; Elliott, Julian G.

2017-01-01

This study investigated potential differences in inductive behavioural and verbal strategy-use between children (aged 6-8 years) from indigenous and non-indigenous backgrounds. This was effected by the use of an electronic device that could present a series of tasks, offer scaffolded assistance and record children's responses. Children from…

Class and Home Problems: Modeling of an Industrial Anaerobic Digester: A Case Study for Undergraduate Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durruty, Ignacio; Ayude, María A.

2014-01-01

The case study discussed in this work is used at the chemical reaction engineering course, offered in fifth-year of the chemical engineering undergraduate program at National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP). A serial-parallel reaction system based on the anaerobic degradation of particulate-containing potato processing wastewater is presented.…

The Scientific Study of Politics: An Approach to Foreign Policy Analysis. University Program -- Modular Studies in Political Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Singer, J. David

Offering a new approach to college publishing, the sample module presented here serves as an example of a basic unit from University Programs. Typical modules (each 16 to 64 pages), directed toward graduate and undergraduate students, provide original statements on central concepts, principles, theories, or problems in a particular discipline and…

"Struck by the Way Our Bodies Conveyed so Much": A Collaborative Self-Study of Our Developing Understanding of Embodied Pedagogies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Forgasz, Rachel; McDonough, Sharon

2017-01-01

Embodied pedagogies offer methodological and pedagogical possibilities for exploring and understanding the emotional and embodied dimensions of teaching and learning to teach. In this paper we present a collaborative self-study that examines what we have learned about the nature, value and facilitation of embodied pedagogies through our…

Innovative and Workable Ideas for Building Schools. Public/Private Partnerships: A New Way To Fund and Build Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guhse, David

This report presents case studies illustrating successful public-private financing of school construction. The efforts occurred in Canada, Florida, South Carolina, New York, the District of Columbia, and Texas. The case studies are offered to encourage policy makers in Virginia to consider such an approach to meet the state's school construction…

Exploring the Relationship between Student-Instructor Interaction on Twitter and Student Perceptions of Teacher Behaviors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McArthur, John A.; Bostedo-Conway, Kristen

2012-01-01

With much attention being placed on the use of Twitter and other social media in the classroom, educators are grappling with the question, "Is Twitter a valid tool to increase classroom effectiveness?" Yet, many responses to this question come from anecdotal and case-study-based information. The present study offers a preliminary quantitative…

The Recovery Care and Treatment Center: A Database Design and Development Case

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Ranida B.; Vaught, Kara L.

2008-01-01

The advantages of active learning methodologies have been suggested and empirically shown by a number of IS educators. Case studies are one such teaching technique that offers students the ability to think analytically, apply material learned, and solve a real-world problem. This paper presents a case study designed to be used in a database design…

A General Investigation of the In-Service Training of English Language Teachers at Elementary Schools in Turkey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koç, Ebru Melek

2016-01-01

This study presents a critical diagnosis of in-service teacher-training activities offered to English-language teachers in Turkey and aims to investigate whether those teachers are satisfied with the activities. Thirty-two English-language teachers participated in this study. Data were collected from 32 elementary-school teachers of English as a…

Opportunities and Challenges for Students in an Online Seminar-Style Course in LIS Education: A Qualitative Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farooq, Omer; Matteson, Miriam

2016-01-01

Online enrollments in U.S. higher education programs continue to grow, a trend that is also seen in LIS education where in some cases entire MLIS programs are being offered online. Synchronous online seminar-style courses present interesting challenges for both radical inclusion and innovation. This qualitative case study explored the…

Communication Skills in Development: The Role of ELT. Dunford House Seminar Report (England, United Kingdom, July 26-August 1, 1992).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

British Council, London (England).

Proceedings of a seminar on the role of communication skills instruction as part of English language training (ELT) offered through British technical assistance and economic development programs are presented. They take the form of speeches, case study summaries, and reports of group discussions about each case study. Speeches include:…

Folk in the History Classroom: Using the Music of the People to Teach Eras and Events

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lovorn, Michael G.

2009-01-01

Social studies content is more meaningful to students when they can empathize with the people they study. Such empathy can be fostered via content material that is presented in a relevant, emotional, intimate, and even entertaining manner. Folk music offers this type of creative and constructive approach. The elementary school classroom is the…

A Path to Excellence in Public Higher Education in Florida. Report of the Regents' Study Commission on Funding for Excellence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida State Board of Regents, Tallahassee.

A report on creative approaches to educational funding for the Florida University System is presented by the Study Commission on Funding for Excellence. The focus is public finance, management efficiency, and private funding and marketing. Recommendations are offered on: faculty and support staff salaries, public-private partnership, matching…

Career Education at O.S.S.D. A Study of Needs and Plan of Action for Career Education at Oregon State School for the Deaf.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKinlay, Bruce; And Others

Recognizing a need for improvement in their vocational education offerings, the administration of the program for the deaf appointed a study team representing backgrounds including education of the deaf, manpower research, public administration, and occupational analysis. This report presents their specific analysis and recommendations for a…

Mingling "Fact" with "Fiction": Strategies for Integrating Literature into History and Social Studies Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turk, Diana B.; Klein, Emily; Dickstein, Shari

2007-01-01

In this article, the authors offer a series of strategies to help teachers integrate literature into their history and social studies classrooms without losing the flavor or essence of either the literature they are using or the history they are trying to teach. None of the presented approaches is mutually exclusive of the others, and several may…

Expanding Boundaries: Current and New Directions in Study Abroad Research and Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marijuan, Silvia; Sanz, Cristina

2018-01-01

In spite of advances in the understanding of the effects of the immersion experience on language and cultural development in the last three decades, many questions in study abroad (SA) research remain unanswered. The present article offers a close examination of the field as it is today with an eye toward future trends and gaps in the literature.…

Campuses Respond to Violent Tragedy. American Council on Education Series on Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Siegel, Dorothy G.

This book presents 10 case studies of how universities and colleges respond to violent tragedies, both on- and off-campus, and offers suggestions for institutions to prepare themselves to deal with such crises. Each case study of a specific case of violence or other tragedy was based on interviews with the participants and reports on the specific…

Selective Fair Behavior as a Function of Psychopathic Traits in a Subclinical Population.

PubMed

Osumi, Takahiro; Ohira, Hideki

2017-01-01

Psychopathy is a group of personality traits that are associated with violations of social norms. Previous studies have suggested that people with psychopathic traits in subclinical populations do not necessarily display antisocial, self-defeating behaviors, and instead may strategically show adaptive behaviors in response to cues during reciprocal social interactions. Therefore, in the present study, we examined whether the association between psychopathic traits and unfair behavior can be moderated by a potential for punishment and social distance (anonymity), which are known to facilitate fair behavior. We focused on two psychopathic traits: primary and secondary psychopathy. Primary psychopathy is characterized by callousness, shallow affect, manipulation, and superficial charm. In contrast, secondary psychopathy is associated with impulsivity and lack of long-term goals, and is related to hostile behavior. A total of 348 undergraduate students determined the amounts of money that they would offer to strangers or friends at their university in hypothetical scenarios of the ultimatum game (UG) and the dictator game (DG). While gender affected decisions in the hypothetical scenarios of the DG, it did not interact with psychopathic traits. The score for primary psychopathy on the Levenson self-report psychopathy scale predicted unfair monetary offers to strangers in the DG, where participants could not be punished. However, compared with their offers in the DG, individuals with higher scores for primary psychopathy made larger offers in the UG, where low offers could trigger punishment from the recipient. Moreover, primary psychopathy did not decrease the amounts of offers in either game when the participant considered the recipient to be a friend. On the other hand, secondary psychopathy was not associated with differences in behavioral fairness depending on a potential for punishment or social distance. Based on these findings, we discuss strategic social skills as a function of primary psychopathy.

Coupling System Design Optimization : A Survey and Assessment of Automatic Coupling Concepts for Rail Freight Cars : Volume 2. Text and Appendices.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-05-01

The purpose of this study is to provide an independent identification, classification, and analysis of significant freight car coupling system concepts offering potential for improved safety and operating costs over the present system. The basic meth...

Study Canada: An Overview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monahan, Robert L.; And Others

The document presents the first of five units on Canada developed for classroom use in American secondary schools. This unit, an overview of Canada, offers a sequence of information sheets for students and class activity suggestions for teachers which use a comparative approach stressing an understanding of Canada from the viewpoints of both…

Coupling System Design Optimization : A Survey and Assessment of Automatic Coupling Concepts for Rail Freight Cars : Volume 1. Executive Summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-05-01

The purpose of this study is to provide an independent identification, classification, and analysis of significant freight car coupling systems concepts offering potential for improved safety and operating costs over the present system. The basic met...

Technology as a Craft of Deceit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Mark E.

This essay briefly presents the evolution of technology and the resulting warnings that many prominent writers have offered in defense of an analytic inquiry into man's interaction with technology. Various ways in which technology has been used to manipulate people are described, e.g., Vietnam, Watergate, the CIA, the Tuskegee Study, Subliminal…

Igniting Creativity and Planning for Your Gifted Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, Don W., Ed.

The collection of instructional plans is designed to offer samples of strategies and ideas to teachers involved with gifted students. Approximately 30 plans are presented for the following areas (sample subtopics in science (atomic fusion), social studies (mores and folkways), mathematics (spatial relations), health and physiology, philosophy, and…

New Sources of Revenue: An Ideabook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunt, Susan, Ed.

Advice for schools, colleges, and universities to generate more revenue and noncash resources through entrepreneurial and business ventures is offered in this indexed handbook. In addition to nine case studies of campus-based enterprises, six articles present the process by which new sources of revenue can be identified. Legal and tax…

Asian American Youth Language Use: Perspectives across Schools and Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shankar, Shalini

2011-01-01

Recent studies of Asian American youth language practices have presented compelling insights about the identities and migration experiences of young people of Asian descent. This article offers a detailed examination of the relationship between language use and select issues concerning Asian American youth, including social life, schooling,…

Computerized Landscapes by Way of the Hudson. Pixel Palette.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patterson, Berniece

2000-01-01

Presents an art lesson that integrates the study of the Hudson River School with computer art by having students create landscapes using "Fractal Design Painter 4." Offers historical background on the Hudson River School, a group of painters who lived near the Hudson River (New York). (CMK)

Literature, Science, and Cooking in the Primary Grades.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donoghue, Mildred R.

Since the balanced literacy program presently mandated in California makes literature an integral part of the curriculum and leaves even less time for study of the sciences, this annotated bibliography provides some recommended literature together with the science concepts that evolve from those books. The bibliography also offers cooking recipes…

Medical School Admissions: The Insider's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zebala, John A.; Jones, Daniel B.

A handbook on the medical school admissions process is presented, offering a first hand account of what works. Six chapters discuss the following topics and subtopics: (1) premedical preparation (planning undergraduate study and picking the right college); (2) power techniques for higher grades (techniques for grade point success, improving grades…

How Common are Habitable Planets?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lissauer, Jack J.; DeVincenzi, Donald (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

The Earth is teeming with life, which, occupies a diverse array of environments; other bodies in our Solar System offer fewer, if any, niches which are habitable by life as we know it. Nonetheless, astronomical studies suggest that a large number of habitable planets-are likely to be present within our Galaxy.

Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) in Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Melnychuk, Nancy; Robinson, Daniel; Lu, Chunlei; Chorney, David; Randall, Lynn

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify physical education (PE) teacher educators and examine physical education teacher education (PETE) programs presently offered at undergraduate degree-granting Canadian universities. The investigation was conceptualized by issues related to the dislodging of PETE from a central to a marginal role in higher…

Pronunciation Instruction through Twitter: The Case of Commonly Mispronounced Words

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fouz-González, Jonás

2017-01-01

This paper presents the results of a study aimed at exploring the possibilities Twitter offers for pronunciation instruction. It investigates the potential of a Twitter-based approach based on explicit instruction and input enhancement techniques to help English Foreing Language (EFL) learners improve their pronunciation of segmental and…

Psychological Models of the Impact of College on Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Korn, Harold A.

Summary findings are presented on research about the impact of college in order to identify key issues related to understanding the lives of individual students. Five perspectives are offered: Bowen's outcomes and goals; Feldman and Newcomb's student personality, values, and beliefs; Pace's achievement testing; Astin's longitudinal studies; and…

Career Decision-Making Characteristics of Primary Education Students in Greece

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou, Despina; Mylonas, Kostas; Argyropoulou, Katerina; Drosos, Nikos

2013-01-01

The present study aims at investigating career decision-making process of 6th grade students with the use of the Childhood Career Decision-Making Questionnaire (CCDMQ). CCDMQ offers scores for the following three decision-making dimensions: (a) "Concerns/fears regarding career future", (b) "Investment ?n decision-making…

Washington Community Colleges Fall Quarter Report, 1980.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Story, Sherie; And Others

This three-part report presents a series of 46 tables providing data about enrollments, student characteristics, and personnel in the Washington community college system for Fall Quarter 1980. After a summary of the statistical highlights of the study, Chapter I offers historical data on Fall Quarter, full-time equivalent (FTE) and student…

Describing Preservice Instrumental Music Educators' Pedagogical Content Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Millican, J. Si

2016-01-01

In this descriptive study, I investigated the pedagogical content knowledge of 206 undergraduate music education students by presenting video recordings of beginning band students playing excerpts from their class method books. I asked these preservice educators to identify performance problems and offer potential solutions to the causes of those…

People Power--Computer Games in the Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hilliard, Ivan

2014-01-01

This article presents a case study in the use of the computer simulation game "People Power," developed by the International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. The principal objective of the activity was to offer students an opportunity to understand the dynamics of social conflicts, in a format not possible in a traditional classroom…

A Framework for Teaching Software Development Methods

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dubinsky, Yael; Hazzan, Orit

2005-01-01

This article presents a study that aims at constructing a teaching framework for software development methods in higher education. The research field is a capstone project-based course, offered by the Technion's Department of Computer Science, in which Extreme Programming is introduced. The research paradigm is an Action Research that involves…

Quality Assurance in Psychology Programmes across Europe: Survey and Reflections

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marques, J. Frederico

2013-01-01

The present article examines how different institutions that offer psychology study cycles across Europe have adopted quality principles and have taken up particular quality assurance initiatives to raise standards and enhance quality. Thirty-eight different institutions from 32 countries who were members of a European psychology network responded…

"Everywhere You Go, You See English!": Elderly Women's Perspectives on Globalization and English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Jamie Shinhee

2016-01-01

Drawing on in-depth interviews, this article discusses folk notions of globalization and examines perceptual and attitudinal responses offered by educationally underprivileged working-class female senior citizens, arguably the most neglected and marginalized social group in contemporary Korea. The present study stresses the importance of…

Pedagogical Intercultural Practice of Teachers in Virtual Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barreto, Carmen Ricardo; Haydar, Jorge Mizzuno

2016-01-01

This study presents some of the results of the project "Training and Development of Intercultural Competency of Teachers in Virtual Environments", carried out in ten Colombian Caribbean higher education institutions (HEI) offering virtual programs. It was performed in three steps: 1-diagnosis, 2-training, and 3-analysis of the…

Making Marketing Principles Tangible: Online Auctions as Living Case Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wood, Charles M.; Suter, Tracy A.

2004-01-01

This article presents an effective course supplement for Principles of Marketing classes. An experiential project involving online auctions is offered to instructors seeking to create a more participatory student environment and an interactive teaching style. A number of learning points are illustrated that allow instructors to use an auction…

Students' Framing of Laboratory Exercises Using Infrared Cameras

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haglund, Jesper; Jeppsson, Fredrik; Hedberg, David; Schönborn, Konrad J.

2015-01-01

Thermal science is challenging for students due to its largely imperceptible nature. Handheld infrared cameras offer a pedagogical opportunity for students to see otherwise invisible thermal phenomena. In the present study, a class of upper secondary technology students (N = 30) partook in four IR-camera laboratory activities, designed around the…

YouTube as a Qualitative Research Asset: Reviewing User Generated Videos as Learning Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chenail, Ronald J.

2011-01-01

YouTube, the video hosting service, offers students, teachers, and practitioners of qualitative researchers a unique reservoir of video clips introducing basic qualitative research concepts, sharing qualitative data from interviews and field observations, and presenting completed research studies. This web-based site also affords qualitative…

Personal Values and Mission Statement: A Reflective Activity to Aid Moral Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Laird-Magee, Tyler; Gayle, Barbra Mae; Preiss, Raymond

2015-01-01

Personal values guide ethical decision-making behaviors. Business professors have traditionally addressed undergraduate ethics-based learning through a learn ethics approach using case studies, simulations, presentations, and other activities. Few offer a live ethics orientation requiring completion of a personal values self-assessment and…

The Development of a Set of Core Communication Competencies for Introductory Communication Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engleberg, Isa N.; Ward, Susan M.; Disbrow, Lynn M.; Katt, James A.; Myers, Scott A.; O'Keefe, Patricia

2017-01-01

In most academic disciplines, there is "one" introductory course that presents an overview of the discipline and introduces fundamental, discipline-specific principles and competencies. However, in Communication Studies, the discipline recognizes and offers multiple course options that may serve as the introductory course. This project…

Classical Rhetoric, Modern Rhetoric, and Contemporary Discourse Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lunsford, Andrea A.; Ede, Lisa S.

1984-01-01

Reviews the conventional presentation of classical rhetoric by those advocating a new rhetoric, demonstrates the inaccuracy of their view by offering an alternative interpretation of Aristotelian rhetoric, sets forth three similar assumptions that underlie both classical and modern rhetoric, and suggests that these assumptions inform a number of…

Measuring Environmental Quality in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Treesearch

Linwood Pendleton; Brent Sohngen; Robert Mendelsohn; Thomas Holmes

1998-01-01

This study presents a method for valuing recreational environmental quality in the forests of the southeastern United States. The paper offers a method for choosing, measuring, and valuing forest attributes. Surveys and popular recreation literature are used to identify forest attributes that contribute to recreational quality. Standard ecological techniques are...

Emotional Relationships between Mothers* and Infants: Knowns, Unknowns, and Unknown Unknowns

PubMed Central

Bornstein, Marc H.; Suwalsky, Joan T. D.; Breakstone, Dana A.

2012-01-01

An overview of the literature pertaining to the construct of emotional availability is presented, illustrated by a sampling of relevant studies. Methodological, statistical, and conceptual problems in the existing corpus of research are discussed, and suggestions for improving future investigations of this important construct are offered. PMID:22292998

Understanding the Etiology of Complex Traits: Symbiotic Relationships between Psychology and Genetics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grigorenko, Elena L.

2007-01-01

The present article offers comments on the infusion of methodologies, approaches, reasoning strategies, and findings from the fields of genetics and genomics into studies of complex human behaviors (hereafter, complex phenotypes). Specifically, I discuss issues of generality and specificity, causality, and replicability as they pertain to…

Using Comprehensive Feature Lists to Bias Medical Diagnosis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kulatunga-Moruzi, Chan; Brooks, Lee R.; Norman, Geoffrey R.

2004-01-01

Clinicians routinely report fewer features in a case than they subsequently agree are present. The authors report studies that assess the effect of considering a more comprehensive description than physicians usually offer. These comprehensive descriptions were generated from photographs of dermatology and internal medicine and were complete and…

Framing Faculty Agency inside Striving Universities: An Application of Bourdieu's Theory of Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonzales, Leslie D.

2014-01-01

Drawn from a qualitative study and framed with Bourdieu's theory of practice, I present a three-pronged framework to describe how tenure-line professors assumed agency as their university strove to establish itself as a national research institution. Implications for practice and future research are offered.

Parameter Estimates in Differential Equation Models for Population Growth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winkel, Brian J.

2011-01-01

We estimate the parameters present in several differential equation models of population growth, specifically logistic growth models and two-species competition models. We discuss student-evolved strategies and offer "Mathematica" code for a gradient search approach. We use historical (1930s) data from microbial studies of the Russian biologist,…

Intercultural Preparation for Future Mobile Students: A Pedagogical Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beaven, Ana; Golubeva, Irina

2016-01-01

Higher education (HE) student mobility offers the opportunity to acquire, among other things, intercultural experience. Nevertheless, it is crucial to prepare students and give them the tools to reflect on their experiences before, during and after study abroad. In this pedagogical paper, we present and discuss "Perceptions of self and…

Engineering Lecturers' Views on CLIL and EMI

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aguilar, Marta

2017-01-01

The present study aims to shed some light on how engineering lecturers teaching in English at a Spanish university view their work (teaching goals) within the current European internationalisation trend of offering courses and master programmes in English. A questionnaire where content and language integrated learning (CLIL) and English-medium…

Reflections on "Petit Battement sur le Cou de Pied": Is It Still Relevant?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paskevska, Anna

2007-01-01

This article presents multiple perspectives of "petit battement sur le cou de pied". These perspectives include historical, biomechanical, and pedagogic points of view. The article offers useful information for ballet specialists and applied research studies aimed at ballet pedagogy. (Contains 2 tables and 5 figures.)

Children's Responses to Literature: Views of Children and Teachers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pascoe, Elaine; Gilchrist, Margaret

1987-01-01

Presents a study comparing the elements children report enjoying in a book and the elements teachers believe children enjoy. Concludes that a great discrepancy exists between the two groups, as children reported they liked books offering excitement, suspense, and action, while teachers believed children pay more attention to characters. (JC)

International Scientific Publication in ISI Journals: Chances and Obstacles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Omer, Rawda Ahmed

2015-01-01

Recently, many universities have started to do their best to enhance their contribution in the scientific publication. Thus, researchers and faculty members have been offered many various financial and promotional incentives for publishing their papers in international journals, particularly the ISI ones. The present study aims to identify the…

Textbook Websites: User Technology Acceptance Behaviour

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jonas, Gregory A.; Norman, Carolyn Strand

2011-01-01

Compared with course management software (e.g. Blackboard and WebCT), the content and technology offered by a textbook website (TBW) is relatively costless to universities and professors, and is a potentially valuable tool that can be leveraged to help students learn course material. The present study uses the extended Technology Acceptance Model…

Perspectives on the Elimination of Graduate Programs in Library and Information Studies: A Symposium.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paris, Marion; And Others

1991-01-01

Presents six papers that offer perspectives on the subject of library school closings. Topics discussed include financial considerations; isolation of library schools within their university communities; unresponsive leadership; political issues; research productivity; the role of distance education; sources of institutional power, including…

The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler: Toward an Adlerian Vocational Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watkins, C. Edward, Jr.

1984-01-01

Presents an Adlerian vocational theory with several hypotheses and corollaries regarding: (a) life style, (b) work as life task, (c) family atmosphere and relationships, and (d) early recollections. Develops predictive vocational statements and offers the resulting framework as a stimulant to generate further study of Adlerian vocational…

Implications of Birth Order for Motivational and Achievement-Related Characteristics of Adults Enrolled in Non-Traditional Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farley, Frank; And Others

1974-01-01

The present study was designed to investigate the relationship of birth order to achievement motivation and achievement-related variables employing a random sample of students enrolled in the courses offered through the United States Armed Forces Institute (USAFI) in 1970. (Author)

Groundwater withdrawals under drought: reconciling GRACE and land surface models in the United States High Plains Aquifer

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Advanced Land Surface Models (LSM) offer a powerful tool for studying hydrological variability. Highly managed systems, however, present a challenge for these models, which typically have simplified or incomplete representations of human water use. Here we examine recent groundwater declines in the ...

A Geospatial Online Instruction Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodgers, John C., III; Owen-Nagel, Athena; Ambinakudige, Shrinidhi

2012-01-01

The objective of this study is to present a pedagogical model for teaching geospatial courses through an online format and to critique the model's effectiveness. Offering geospatial courses through an online format provides avenues to a wider student population, many of whom are not able to take traditional on-campus courses. Yet internet-based…

Written Communication and the Marketing of Public Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanson, Mark; And Others

Findings of a 2-year study of school-community communications are presented in this report, which analyzes the content and style of district-to-community written communiques and offers suggestions for improvement. Methodology involved document analysis of 594 written communiques from the central office and one elementary, middle, and high school…

The Infertility Experience: Biopsychosocial Effects and Suggestions for Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watkins, Kathryn J.; Baldo, Tracy D.

2004-01-01

Infertility affects many individuals and couples. This article begins with a case study of a couple who have experienced infertility yet do not identify infertility as their presenting problem. Clients and counselors alike often overlook infertility. This article offers an overview of the biology of infertility and its psychological and…

The Statement: Foundation of Foucault's Historical Criticism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blair, Carole

1987-01-01

Presents an overview of Michel Foucault's approach to the study of historical systems of thought, arguing that Foucault's view of historical criticism and language-in-use have much to offer rhetorical theory and criticism. Discusses the nature of discourse for Foucault and examines the characteristics of the fundamental discursive datum, the…

Can Interdistrict Choice Boost Student Achievement? The Case of Connecticut's Interdistrict Magnet School Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bifulco, Robert; Cobb, Casey D.; Bell, Courtney

2009-01-01

Connecticut's interdistrict magnet schools offer a model of choice-based desegregation that appears to satisfy current legal constraints. This study presents evidence that interdistrict magnet schools have provided students from Connecticut's central cities access to less racially and economically isolated educational environments and estimates…

A Real Challenge: Teaching Latino Culture to White Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elissondo, Guillermina

Cultural studies courses offered to undergraduate students of foreign languages tend to rely on canonical works that avoid sociopolitical perspectives and present the culture of the "Other" within the dominant world view. There is an urgent need to move from these traditional curricula to more engaging programs that capture the…

Film: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Theory and Teaching. Part One.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gottesman, Ronald, Ed.; Benamou, Michel, Ed.

1976-01-01

This journal offers a selection from papers presented at two scholarly meetings on research on film conducted at the Center for Twentieth Century Studies. Separate papers deal with the following topics: film and ideology; the filmic apparatus; the inadequacies of current conceptions of film historiography; nonlinguistic extensions of film and…

Deepening Instructional Reform through System Monitoring

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Supovitz, Jonathan

2008-01-01

This article describes the system of monitoring district instructional-reform efforts and the influences of the system on teachers and school and district leaders in Duval County, Florida. First, the author offers a brief description of the snapshot system. Second, the study's design, data sources, and analytic methods are presented. Third, the…

The Role of Web-Based Simulations in Technology Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Page, Tom

2009-01-01

This paper discusses the theoretical underpinning and main aspects of the development and application of the web-orientation agent (WOA) and presents preliminary results concerning its use in university studies. The web-orientation agent (WOA) is a software based tool which produces an interactive learning environment offering support and guidance…

Psychological and sociological research and the decriminalization or legalization of prostitution.

PubMed

Rio, L M

1991-04-01

In maintaining criminal prohibitions on prostitution and prostitution-related activity, the United States has ignored the two alternative approaches successfully invoked in many other countries: legalization and decriminalization of prostitution. This article questions the justifications usually advanced in favor of criminal sanctions and against the two alternatives. Studies of prostitutes and their clients, as well as larger societal studies, undercut the arguments against decriminalization and legalization, and reveal that none of the traditional goals of imposing criminal sanctions (punishment, deterrence, and rehabilitation) are furthered by the current prohibition of prostitution. These studies also reveal the advantages offered by a system of decriminalized or legalized prostitution. Further policy arguments for the removal of such sanctions are discussed and legal arguments are offered to attempt to limit the reach of current criminal prostitution laws while the present system remains in effect.

Applying cognitive acuity theory to the development and scoring of situational judgment tests.

PubMed

Leeds, J Peter

2017-11-09

The theory of cognitive acuity (TCA) treats the response options within items as signals to be detected and uses psychophysical methods to estimate the respondents' sensitivity to these signals. Such a framework offers new methods to construct and score situational judgment tests (SJT). Leeds (2012) defined cognitive acuity as the capacity to discern correctness and distinguish between correctness differences among simultaneously presented situation-specific response options. In this study, SJT response options were paired in order to offer the respondent a two-option choice. The contrast in correctness valence between the two options determined the magnitude of signal emission, with larger signals portending a higher probability of detection. A logarithmic relation was found between correctness valence contrast (signal stimulus) and its detectability (sensation response). Respondent sensitivity to such signals was measured and found to be related to the criterion variables. The linkage between psychophysics and elemental psychometrics may offer new directions for measurement theory.

Low supply of social support as risk factor for mortality in the older adults.

PubMed

de Brito, Tábatta Renata Pereira; Nunes, Daniella Pires; Corona, Ligiana Pires; da Silva Alexandre, Tiago; de Oliveira Duarte, Yeda Aparecida

2017-11-01

To determine the relationship between social support and mortality in older adults, independent of other health conditions. This was a longitudinal study using the database of the 2006 SABE Study (Heath, Well-being and Aging), composed of 1413 individuals aged 60 years and over, living in São Paulo/Brazil. The present study used a questionnaire constructed for the SABE Study, which was reviewed by experts of Latin America and the Caribbean. The social network was evaluated using the variables: social support received; social support offered; number of members in the social network. The covariates included were age, gender, living arrangements, marital status, income, education, comorbidity, depressive symptoms, cognition and functional difficulties. Death as an outcome was evaluated after four years of follow-up. From a total of 1413 older adults at baseline, 268 died in a mean follow-up period of 3,9 years (SE=0,03). In the model adjusted offering social support and having networks composed of 9 or more members reduced the risk of death in the older adults. This study suggest that older adult who are offered support can benefit from mutual exchanges since reciprocity in relationships improves psychological well-being and is indicative of the quality of relationships. Thus, the older adults are part of a group of people whose role is not only to receive, but also to provide help to others, and the support offered seems to be as important as that received. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Finding online health-related information: usability issues of health portals.

PubMed

Gurel Koybasi, Nergis A; Cagiltay, Kursat

2012-01-01

As Internet and computers become widespread, health portals offering online health-related information become more popular. The most important point for health portals is presenting reliable and valid information. Besides, portal needs to be usable to be able to serve information to users effectively. This study aims to determine usability issues emerging when health-related information is searched on a health portal. User-based usability tests are conducted and eye movement analyses are used in addition to traditional performance measures. Results revealed that users prefer systematic, simple and consistent designs offering interactive tools. Moreover, content and partitions needs to be shaped according to the medical knowledge of target users.

New Therapies Offer Valuable Options for Patients with Melanoma

Cancer.gov

Two phase III clinical trials of new therapies for patients with metastatic melanoma presented in June at the 2011 ASCO conference confirmed that vemurafenib and ipilimumab (Yervoy™) offer valuable new options for the disease.

Therapists' Perspectives on Suicide: A Conceptual Model of Connectedness.

PubMed

Aherne, Cian; Coughlan, Barry; Surgenor, Paul

2017-08-03

A sense of disconnection for people who are suicidal seems to be a key construct of previous literature. Therapists' ways of encountering and understanding people who are suicidal have not been previously researched in depth using qualitative methodologies. The current study aims to develop a theoretical framework for the role played by connectedness in relation to suicide based on the perspectives of psychotherapists working in the field of suicide intervention. Psychotherapists (N = 12) from a suicide intervention service in Ireland were interviewed in relation to connectedness and suicide. The interviews were analysed using Constructivist Grounded Theory. A tentative theoretical model for connectedness in relation to suicide was developed. Therapists view self-disconnect as at the core of suicidality and note that toxic relationships also play a critical role. Therapeutic connection can present as a life-saving paradox for people who are suicidal. Risk of death and therapeutic endeavour may present as challenging dynamics for working with people who are suicidal. Some discussion points include the worth of self-compassion development for people who are suicidal, the rephrasing of "psychotherapy" when trying to save someone's life and the emphasis on relationship skills for all healthcare professionals who encounter people who are suicidal. Clinical or methodological significance of this article: This article is one of the first in which therapists are interviewed about their understandings of suicide and the processes of suicide in the therapeutic space. It offers novel insights about how people who are suicidal present in therapy and what may be contributing to this presentation. The research also gives insights on the struggles for therapists working with people who are suicidal and who may be ambiguous about the prospect of therapy and connecting. The study also offers important direction for future studies in relation to what requires further discussion and exploration regarding engaging in therapy with people who are suicidal. In addition, the current study can offer previously unexplored insights regarding suicide and therapy that may have the potential to assist in future intervention for people who are risk of killing themselves.

Internet-based health education in China: a content analysis of websites.

PubMed

Peng, Ying; Wu, Xi; Atkins, Salla; Zwarentein, Merrick; Zhu, Ming; Zhan, Xing Xin; Zhang, Fan; Ran, Peng; Yan, Wei Rong

2014-01-27

The Internet is increasingly being applied in health education worldwide; however there is little knowledge of its use in Chinese higher education institutions. The present study provides the first review and highlights the deficiencies and required future advances in Chinese Internet-based health education. Two authors independently conducted a duplicate Internet search in order to identify information regarding Internet-based health education in China. The findings showed that Internet-based education began in China in September 1998. Currently, only 16 of 150 (10.7%) health education institutions in China offer fee-based online undergraduate degree courses, awarding associates and/or bachelors degrees. Fifteen of the 16 institutions were located in the middle or on the eastern coast of China, where were more developed than other regions. Nursing was the most popular discipline in Internet-based health education, while some other disciplines, such as preventive medicine, were only offered at one university. Besides degree education, Chinese institutions also offered non-degree online training and free resources. The content was mainly presented in the form of PowerPoint slides or videos for self-learning. Very little online interactive mentoring was offered with any of the courses. There is considerable potential for the further development of Internet-based health education in China. These developments should include a focus on strengthening cooperation among higher education institutions in order to develop balanced online health curricula, and on enhancing distance education in low- and middle-income regions to meet extensive learning demands.

Who cares? Offering emotion work as a 'gift' in the nursing labour process.

PubMed

Bolton, S C

2000-09-01

Who cares? Offering emotion work as a 'gift' in the nursing labour process The emotional elements of the nursing labour process are being recognized increasingly. Many commentators stress that nurses' 'emotional labour' is hard and productive work and should be valued in the same way as physical or technical labour. However, the term 'emotional labour' fails to conceptualize the many occasions when nurses not only work hard on their emotions in order to present the detached face of a professional carer, but also to offer authentic caring behaviour to patients in their care. Using qualitative data collected from a group of gynaecology nurses in an English National Health Service (NHS) Trust hospital, this paper argues that nursing work is emotionally complex and may be better understood by utilizing a combination of Hochschild's concepts: emotion work as a 'gift' in addition to 'emotional labour'. The gynaecology nurses in this study describe their work as 'emotionful' and therefore it could be said that this particular group of nurses represent a distinct example. Nevertheless, though it is impossible to generalize from limited data, the research presented in this paper does highlight the emotional complexity of the nursing labour process, expands the current conceptual analysis, and offers a path for future research. The examination further emphasizes the need to understand and value the motivations behind nurses' emotion work and their wish to maintain caring as a central value in professional nursing.

Framing the ultimatum game: gender differences and autonomic responses.

PubMed

Sarlo, Michela; Lotto, Lorella; Palomba, Daniela; Scozzari, Simona; Rumiati, Rino

2013-01-01

The present study aimed at investigating whether the way offers are framed in the Ultimatum Game (UG) affects behavioral and autonomic responses in men and women. The "I give you" and "I take" expressions were used as gain and loss frames, respectively. Skin conductance and heart rate were recorded as indices of autonomic activation in response to unfair, mid-value, and fair offers. Acceptance rates were higher in men than in women under the gain frame. Moreover, men showed higher acceptance rates under the gain than under the loss frame with mid-value offers, whereas women's choices were not affected by frame. On the physiological level, men produced differential autonomic response patterns during decision-making when offers were presented under gain and loss framing. The "I take" frame, by acting as a loss frame, elicited in men the characteristic defensive response pattern that is evoked by aversive stimulation, in which increases in skin conductance are coupled with increases in heart rate. On the other hand, the "I give you" frame, by acting as a gain frame, elicited in men increases in skin conductance associated with prevailing heart rate deceleratory responses, reflecting a state of enhanced attention and orienting. In contrast, women's autonomic reactivity was not affected by frame, consistent with behavioral results. Phasic changes in heart rate were crucial in revealing differential functional significance of skin conductance responses under different frames in men, thus questioning the assumption that this autonomic measure can be used as an index of negative emotional arousal in the UG.

Internet-based health education in China: a content analysis of websites

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background The Internet is increasingly being applied in health education worldwide; however there is little knowledge of its use in Chinese higher education institutions. The present study provides the first review and highlights the deficiencies and required future advances in Chinese Internet-based health education. Methods Two authors independently conducted a duplicate Internet search in order to identify information regarding Internet-based health education in China. Results The findings showed that Internet-based education began in China in September 1998. Currently, only 16 of 150 (10.7%) health education institutions in China offer fee-based online undergraduate degree courses, awarding associates and/or bachelors degrees. Fifteen of the 16 institutions were located in the middle or on the eastern coast of China, where were more developed than other regions. Nursing was the most popular discipline in Internet-based health education, while some other disciplines, such as preventive medicine, were only offered at one university. Besides degree education, Chinese institutions also offered non-degree online training and free resources. The content was mainly presented in the form of PowerPoint slides or videos for self-learning. Very little online interactive mentoring was offered with any of the courses. Conclusions There is considerable potential for the further development of Internet-based health education in China. These developments should include a focus on strengthening cooperation among higher education institutions in order to develop balanced online health curricula, and on enhancing distance education in low- and middle-income regions to meet extensive learning demands. PMID:24467710

A Trans-omics Mathematical Analysis Reveals Novel Functions of the Ornithine Metabolic Pathway in Cancer Stem Cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koseki, Jun; Matsui, Hidetoshi; Konno, Masamitsu; Nishida, Naohiro; Kawamoto, Koichi; Kano, Yoshihiro; Mori, Masaki; Doki, Yuichiro; Ishii, Hideshi

2016-02-01

Bioinformatics and computational modelling are expected to offer innovative approaches in human medical science. In the present study, we performed computational analyses and made predictions using transcriptome and metabolome datasets obtained from fluorescence-based visualisations of chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the human oesophagus. This approach revealed an uncharacterized role for the ornithine metabolic pathway in the survival of chemotherapy-resistant CSCs. The present study fastens this rationale for further characterisation that may lead to the discovery of innovative drugs against robust CSCs.

Ares V an Enabling Capability for Future Space Astrophysics Missions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stahl, H. Philip

2007-01-01

The potential capability offered by an Ares V launch vehicle completely changes the paradigm for future space astrophysics missions. This presentation examines some details of this capability and its impact on potential missions. A specific case study is presented: implementing a 6 to 8 meter class monolithic UV/Visible telescope at an L2 orbit. Additionally discussed is how to extend the mission life of such a telescope to 30 years or longer.

Rejection of Unfair Offers Can Be Driven by Negative Emotions, Evidence from Modified Ultimatum Games with Anonymity

PubMed Central

Ma, Ning; Li, Nan; He, Xiao-Song; Sun, De-Lin; Zhang, Xiaochu; Zhang, Da-Ren

2012-01-01

The rejection of unfair offers can be affected by both negative emotions (e.g. anger and moral disgust) and deliberate cognitive processing of behavioral consequences (e.g. concerns of maintaining social fairness and protecting personal reputation). However, whether negative emotions are sufficient to motivate this behavior is still controversial. With modified ultimatum games, a recent study (Yamagishi T, et al. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106∶11520–11523) found that people reject unfair offers even when this behavior increases inequity, and even when they could not communicate to the proposers. Yamagishi suggested that rejection of unfair offers could occurr without people’s concerning of maintaining social fairness, and could be driven by negative emotions. However, as anonymity was not sufficiently guaranteed in Yamagishi’s study, the rejection rates in their experiments may have been influenced by people’s concerns of protecting personal reputation (reputational concerns) in addition to negative emotions; thus, it was unclear whether the rejection was driven by negative emotions, or by reputational concerns, or both. In the present study, with specific methods to ensure anonymity, the effect of reputational concerns was successfully ruled out. We found that in a private situation in which rejection could not be driven by reputational concerns, the rejection rates of unfair offers were significantly larger than zero, and in public situations in which rejection rates could be influenced by both negative emotions and reputational concerns, rejection rates were significantly higher than that in the private situation. These results, together with Yamagishi’s findings, provided more complete evidence suggesting (a) that the rejection of unfair offers can be driven by negative emotions and (b) that deliberate cognitive processing of the consequences of the behavior can increase the rejection rate, which may benefit social cooperation. PMID:22761845

Reasserting the Relevance of the Social Studies: An Emerging Model for Collaborative Cross-State Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Passe, Jeff; Patterson, Nancy

2011-01-01

There is a timely movement afoot to secure the rightful place of social studies as a core part of curriculum at a time when it is increasingly compromised across the nation. The authors present a model that accepts the call to consider the enterprise of social studies research and broaden it to address the needs of the day. They offer a brief…

A haptic interface for virtual simulation of endoscopic surgery.

PubMed

Rosenberg, L B; Stredney, D

1996-01-01

Virtual reality can be described as a convincingly realistic and naturally interactive simulation in which the user is given a first person illusion of being immersed within a computer generated environment While virtual reality systems offer great potential to reduce the cost and increase the quality of medical training, many technical challenges must be overcome before such simulation platforms offer effective alternatives to more traditional training means. A primary challenge in developing effective virtual reality systems is designing the human interface hardware which allows rich sensory information to be presented to users in natural ways. When simulating a given manual procedure, task specific human interface requirements dictate task specific human interface hardware. The following paper explores the design of human interface hardware that satisfies the task specific requirements of virtual reality simulation of Endoscopic surgical procedures. Design parameters were derived through direct cadaver studies and interviews with surgeons. Final hardware design is presented.

Content Analysis of Informed Consent for Whole Genome Sequencing Offered by Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Companies.

PubMed

Niemiec, Emilia; Borry, Pascal; Pinxten, Wim; Howard, Heidi Carmen

2016-12-01

Whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) have become increasingly available in the research and clinical settings and are now also being offered by direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing (GT) companies. This offer can be perceived as amplifying the already identified concerns regarding adequacy of informed consent (IC) for both WES/WGS and the DTC GT context. We performed a qualitative content analysis of Websites of four companies offering WES/WGS DTC regarding the following elements of IC: pre-test counseling, benefits and risks, and incidental findings (IFs). The analysis revealed concerns, including the potential lack of pre-test counseling in three of the companies studied, missing relevant information in the risks and benefits sections, and potentially misleading information for consumers. Regarding IFs, only one company, which provides opportunistic screening, provides basic information about their management. In conclusion, some of the information (and related practices) present on the companies' Web pages salient to the consent process are not adequate in reference to recommendations for IC for WGS or WES in the clinical context. Requisite resources should be allocated to ensure that commercial companies are offering high-throughput sequencing under responsible conditions, including an adequate consent process. © 2016 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC.

"I find you to be very attractive..." Biases in compliance estimates to sexual offers.

PubMed

Voracek, Martin; Fisher, Maryanne L; Hofhansl, Angelika; Rekkas, P Vivien; Ritthammer, Nina

2006-08-01

The classic experiments by Clark and Hatfield on sex differences in compliance to offers of dates, apartment visits, and casual sex, and the related informal project of Molzer served as the foundation for the present study. However, whereas individuals in these previous investigations directly approached opposite-sex participants, our research employed surveys to gauge compliance. A sample of 195 male and 179 female Austrian adults were provided with written forms of the Clark and Hatfield scenarios and asked to predict the rates of compliance on a thermometer scale ranging from 0% to 100%. Results indicated that compliance estimates are largely effected by the sex of the receiver to these offers, and to a lesser degree, participants' age and relationship status. The sex of the participant did not significantly effect the results. Relative to the previous work, the compliance rate of males was overestimated, while that of females was underestimated. We offer explanations for the differences in findings between the original investigations and our research, discuss the importance of contextual factors as well as the generality of the Clark-Hatfield findings, especially with respect to females' near-zero receptivity to explicit sexual offers, and point out the relevance of the current findings for health psychology.

Compendium : graduate student papers on advanced surface transportation systems, 1999

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-08-01

This document is the culmination of the ninth offering of an innovative transportation engineering graduate course at Texas A&M : University entitled, Advanced Surface Transportation Systems. The ninth offering of the course was presented durin...

Information, Please.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardy, Lawrence

2003-01-01

Requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act present school districts with a massive lesson in data-driven decision-making. Technology companies offer data-management tools that organize student information from state tests. Offers districts advice in choosing a technology provider. (MLF)

Internet poker websites and pathological gambling prevention policy.

PubMed

Khazaal, Yasser; Chatton, Anne; Bouvard, Audrey; Khiari, Hiba; Achab, Sophia; Zullino, Daniele

2013-03-01

Despite the widespread increase in online poker playing and the risk related to excessive poker playing, research on online poker websites is still lacking with regard to pathological gambling prevention strategies offered by the websites. The aim of the present study was to assess the pathological gambling-related prevention strategies of online poker websites. Two keywords ("poker" and "poker help") were entered into two popular World Wide Web search engines. The first 20 links related to French and English online poker websites were assessed. Seventy-four websites were assessed with a standardized tool designed to rate sites on the basis of accountability, interactivity, prevention strategies, marketing, and messages related to poker strategies. Prevention strategies appeared to be lacking. Whereas a substantial proportion of the websites offered incitation to gambling such as betting "tips," few sites offered strategies to prevent or address problem gambling. Furthermore, strategies related to poker, such as probability estimation, were mostly reported without acknowledging their limitations. Results of this study suggest that more adequate prevention strategies for risky gambling should be developed for online poker.

Sulforaphane protects against acrolein-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses: modulation of Nrf-2 and COX-2 expression.

PubMed

Qin, Wang-Sen; Deng, Yu-Hui; Cui, Fa-Cai

2016-08-01

Acrolein (2-propenal) is a reactive α, β-unsaturated aldehyde which causes a health hazard to humans. The present study focused on determining the protection offered by sulforaphane against acrolein-induced damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Acrolein-induced oxidative stress was determined through evaluating the levels of reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl and sulfhydryl content, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, total oxidant status and antioxidant status (total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase activity). Also, Nrf-2 expression levels were determined using western blot analysis. Acrolein-induced inflammation was determined through analyzing expression of cyclooxygenase-2 by western blot and PGE2 levels by ELISA. The protection offered by sulforaphane against acrolein-induced oxidative stress and inflammation was studied. Acrolein showed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in the levels of oxidative stress parameters and down-regulated Nrf-2 expression. Acrolein-induced inflammation was observed through upregulation (p < 0.001) of COX-2 and PGE2 levels. Pretreatment with sulforaphane enhanced the antioxidant status through upregulating Nrf-2 expression (p < 0.001) in PBMC. Acrolein-induced inflammation was significantly inhibited through suppression of COX-2 (p < 0.001) and PGE2 levels (p < 0.001). The present study provides clear evidence that pre-treatment with sulforaphane completely restored the antioxidant status and prevented inflammatory responses mediated by acrolein. Thus the protection offered by sulforaphane against acrolein-induced damage in PBMC is attributed to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.

Why Do High School Students Lack Motivation in the Classroom? Toward an Understanding of Academic Amotivation and the Role of Social Support

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Legault, Lisa; Green-Demers, Isabelle; Pelletier, Luc

2006-01-01

The present series of studies sought to develop and conceptually validate a taxonomy of reasons that give rise to academic amotivation and to investigate its social antecedents and academic consequences. In Study 1 (N = 351), an exploratory factor analysis offered preliminary support for an academic amotivation taxonomy comprising four dimensions:…

The Council on Postsecondary Accreditation: 1986 Self-Study. Background, Findings and Recommendations, and Resulting Bylaw Changes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council on Postsecondary Accreditation, Washington, DC.

The report of the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation (COPA) self-study advisory panel is presented in three parts. Following a historical review of the formation of COPA, part 1 looks at the first 5 years (1975-1980), and explains 1982-1986 activities as they related to priorities adopted in 1982. Information is offered on: COPA objectives and…

Language, Education and Identities in Plural Mauritius: A Study of the Kreol, Hindi and Urdu Standard 1 Textbooks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owodally, Ambarin Mooznah Auleear

2014-01-01

The present study was carried out in the context of the recent (2012) introduction of Kreol in the primary school curriculum in Mauritius. The time-tabling of Kreol as an optional subject offered at the same time as the other existing ancestral languages, institutionalised Kreol as an ancestral language, despite its status as a national language.…

Liability and Safety in Physical Education and Sport: A Practitioner's Guide to the Legal Aspects of Teaching and Coaching in Elementary and Secondary Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hart, James E.; Ritson, Robert J.

This second edition contains updated information and new case studies, offering guidance for safer programs and management of risk while reinforcing sound educational practices. The book features overviews of legal concepts and presents examples of situations from the trenches. Case studies illustrate a variety of teacher, coach, and administrator…

Predicting Success for Nontraditional Students in an Afternoon and Evening/Weekend Associate Degree in Nursing Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ledesma, Hernani Luison, Jr.

2012-01-01

Mount St. Mary's College has offered a nontraditional Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) Program since 1992. The program has an afternoon and evening/weekend format. There has been one previous research study published in 2005 that described the student population that Mount St. Mary's College serves. This present study will examine the…

Universities and Fields of Study in Argentina: A Public-Private Comparison from the Supply and Demand Side. PROPHE Working Paper Series. WP No. 15

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rabossi, Marcelo

2010-01-01

Private higher education literature recognizes large public-private differentiation in terms of field of study. Relative to public counterparts, private universities tend to offer their services in fields that require low initial investments and present at least relatively attractive internal private rates of return. Thus, the main objective of…

A Filmic Approach to the Study of Historical Dilemmas. Latin American Studies Program, Film Series No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cortes, Carlos E.; And Others

The document presents two articles and six essays related to the use of film in history instruction on the college level. The first article reviews and evaluates a film survey course on Latin America which was offered at the University of California during the 1974-75 academic year. Evaluation of the course indicated that students did learn about…

Feasibility study in the application of optical signal analysis to non-destructive testing of complex structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Baker, B.; Brown, H.

1974-01-01

Advantages of the large time bandwidth product of optical processing are presented. Experiments were performed to study the feasibility of the use of optical spectral analysis for detection of flaws in structural elements excited by random noise. Photographic and electronic methods of comparison of complex spectra were developed. Limitations were explored, and suggestions for further work are offered.

Late Quaternary Paleohydrology of Arroyo Cycles in the Mixteca Alta, Mexico: Insights from Past and Present Alluvial Stratigraphy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holdridge, Geneviève; Leigh, David S.

2017-04-01

Arroyos are incised, ephemeral dryland streams that aggrade and incise on a cyclical timescale. Arroyo studies are integral to understanding landscape evolution in drylands, but the drivers and dynamics of arroyo cycles are not fully understood. This paper presents a study of arroyo stratigraphy in the semi-arid environment of the Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, Mexico. Examination of the late Quaternary environment and geomorphology of the incised, ephemeral tributaries forming the Río Culebra watershed offered insight about the hydrological variability of the region. The characteristics and chronology of alluvium-paleosol sequences from three watersheds in the Mixteca Alta were examined along their upper, middle and downstream sections. In addition, the channel bedforms and stratigraphy of several watersheds were surveyed to evaluate the processes and morphology characterizing the present dryland stream system. Alluvium-paleosol sequences offered valuable information into the paleohydrology and dynamics of the arroyo cycles of the Mixteca Alta. Unweathered alluvium and paleosol formation in alluvium are two end members of alluvial stratigraphy. Cumulic A horizons form on floodplains when aggradation is slow enough to allow for pedogenesis. Cumulic A horizons were observed in both the Culebra and Verde watersheds from the late Pleistocene to the late Holocene, but not in the present-day arroyos, suggesting the prehistoric cumulic A horizons form in less flashy conditions than modern conditions. The geomorphic survey of present-day processes and forms included observing the bed stratigraphy associated with scouring-chains after flash floods. This examination offered insight to understanding and interpreting the alluvium-paleosol stratigraphy. For example, the present channel bed stratigraphy associated with scour-and-fill consists of poorly sorted, massive, sandy gravel deposits. Finer bedded sediments are observed in the present patchy floodplain deposits, but are susceptible to erosion. In contrast, the Quaternary stratigraphy is dominated by extensive fine sediment deposits, having thin bedding and laminations, while coarser, massive strata are observed, but to a lesser extent. The less prevalent coarser strata are analogous to present-day flash floods deposits, whereas the more widespread finer strata indicates a different flood regime associated with arroyo fills. Comparing the alluvium-paleosol chronology of the Mixteca Alta watersheds against high-resolution records from regional paleoclimatic proxies, such as stalagmites, offered insight concerning the climatic regime associated with different alluvial sequences. For example, incision was typically associated with wet periods, while alluvial strata were deposited during relatively drier periods. In addition, land use activities interacted with climate to produce hydrologic changes at a local scale prior to the Post-Classic period (e.g., local Natividad phase (1,250-430 cal BP). Afterwards, widespread land use interacted with climate to affect hydrological changes on the watershed scale. The present system of Río Culebra appears to be in complex response, adjusting to the long-term and short-term influences of late Holocene climate variation, legacies of prehistoric land-use change, and modern land use activities.

Inventory of Academic Programs. Volume Three. Public Junior and Community Colleges, Regional Technical Institute. A Planning Document of the Alabama Commission on Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alabama State Commission on Higher Education, Montgomery.

An inventory of academic programs offered for credit and learning to an academic award offered by Alabama's public junior and community colleges and by the Regional Technical Institute as of June 1, 1985, is presented. For each college and program, charts indicate program titles, levels of degrees offered, and accreditation status. Included are…

Outsourcing Physical Education in Primary Schools: Evaluating the Impact of Externally Provided Programmes on Generalist Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whipp, Peter R.; Hutton, Heidi; Grove, J. Robert; Jackson, Ben

2011-01-01

In place of generalist delivery, externally provided physical activity programmes (EPPAPs) are potentially an effective method for offering primary school students specialist physical education (PE) instruction, as well as providing training for generalist classroom teachers. In the present study, a group of generalist teachers were interviewed…

Goal Orientation, Learning Self-Efficacy, and Climate Perceptions in a Post-Acquisition Corporate Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Potosky, Denise

2010-01-01

The present investigation offers some insight for human resource development (HRD) practitioners and researchers focused on helping employees pursue learning goals as they adapt to organizational changes. Using a repeated measurement over a five-year time period, this study examined goal orientation, learning self-efficacy, climate perceptions,…

Teachers' Education in Socratic Dialogue: Some Effects on Teacher-Learner Interaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knezic, Dubravka; Elbers, Ed; Wubbels, Theo; Hajer, Maaike

2013-01-01

This article presents a quasi-experimental study into the effects of a course offered to subject matter student teachers that focused on Socratic Dialogue as a way to enhance their interactional scaffolding of advanced second language learning. Within the framework of the sociocultural theory of learning and second language acquisition, the study…

Evaluating Eyewitness Reports [Lesson Plan].

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2000

This lesson offers students experience in making historical meaning from eyewitness accounts that present a range of different perspectives. Students begin with a case study in working with alternative reports of a single event: the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. First, they compare two newspaper reports on the fire, then two memoirs of the fire…

The Vampire's Seduction: Using Bram Stoker's "Dracula" as a Metaphor in Treating Parasitic Relationships.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cascio, Toni; Gasker, Janice

2001-01-01

Discusses the use of stories as metaphor in therapy. Outlines the themes of the story of "Dracula," presenting five primary and three subthemes of the story which characterize parasitic relationships. Offers a case study illustrating these themes and demonstrating the therapeutic value of this metaphor. (SR)

Evaluation of holonomic quantum computation: adiabatic versus nonadiabatic.

PubMed

Cen, LiXiang; Li, XinQi; Yan, YiJing; Zheng, HouZhi; Wang, ShunJin

2003-04-11

Based on the analytical solution to the time-dependent Schrödinger equations, we evaluate the holonomic quantum computation beyond the adiabatic limit. Besides providing rigorous confirmation of the geometrical prediction of holonomies, the present dynamical resolution offers also a practical means to study the nonadiabaticity induced effects for the universal qubit operations.

The Intersection of Virtual Organizations and the Library: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carlson, Jake; Yatcilla, Jane Kinkus

2010-01-01

The proliferation of virtual organizations is changing the nature and practice of research. These changes present a challenge to Libraries, as their traditional roles and services do not translate well to virtual organizations. However, virtual organizations also offer opportunities for librarians to participate in shaping the next generation of…

Sourcing for Parameter Estimation and Study of Logistic Differential Equation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winkel, Brian J.

2012-01-01

This article offers modelling opportunities in which the phenomena of the spread of disease, perception of changing mass, growth of technology, and dissemination of information can be described by one differential equation--the logistic differential equation. It presents two simulation activities for students to generate real data, as well as…

Teaching Strategies to Promote Immediacy in Online Graduate Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fahara, Manuel Flores; Castro, Armida Lozano

2015-01-01

The present study is the result of the research question: How do teachers promote immediacy through interaction with their students in online graduate courses? Research was carried out at Tecnológico de Monterrey, a Mexican private university that offers online courses. The research methodology employed a qualitative approach of virtual…

Faith, Not Fantasy: A Response to Merry and New

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abowitz, Kathleen Knight

2017-01-01

In their article, "Is the Liberal Defense of Public Schools a Fantasy?" presented in this v58, 2017 issue of "Critical Studies in Education," Michael S. Merry and William S. New offer what they call a "leftist critique" of standard liberal defenses of the public school. In this response, Kathleen Knight Abowitz…

Validation of the Portuguese self-administered computerised 24-hour dietary recall among second-, third- and fourth-grade children

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Current methods for assessing children's dietary intake, such as interviewer-administered 24-h dietary recall (24-h DR), are time consuming and resource intensive. Self-administered instruments offer a low-cost diet assessment method for use with children. The present study assessed the validity of ...

Elementary School Students' Water Awareness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coban, Gul Unal; Akpinar, Ercan; Kucukcankurtaran, Evren; Yildiz, Eylem; Ergin, Omer

2011-01-01

Environmental problems grow gradually and their effects are felt in various ways such as shortage of potable water. Among the various solutions offered to solve these problems, there is one standing which has the potential of encapsulating all the solutions in, that is "water education". Therefore, the aim of this study is to present the…

Reference Management Software: A Comparative Analysis of Four Products

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilmour, Ron; Cobus-Kuo, Laura

2011-01-01

Reference management (RM) software is widely used by researchers in the health and natural sciences. Librarians are often called upon to provide support for these products. The present study compares four prominent RMs: CiteULike, RefWorks, Mendeley, and Zotero, in terms of features offered and the accuracy of the bibliographies that they…

Prepaid College Tuition Plans: Promise and Problems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olivas, Michael A., Ed.

This book provides a group of articles concerning the equity and efficiency of prepaid college tuition plans. Chapters: (1) introduce the subject; (2) examine the competing financial theories at play in this field; (3) present a study of the Michigan Education Trust's decision to expand its subscriber base by offering a monthly payment option; (4)…

Angelica Gets the Spirit Out: Improvisation, Epiphany and Transformation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pignato, Joseph

2013-01-01

This article presents excerpts from a case study describing Angelica Dawson, a New York State music educator. Angelica makes improvisation a central part of her curricula in ways that transcend traditional offerings prevalent in American public schools. Qualitative research methods were used to document Angelica's work over the course of an…

The Dynamics of Climate Change: A Case Study in Organisational Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wasdell, David

2011-01-01

Purpose: Based in the discipline of applied consultancy-research, this paper seeks to present a synthesis-review of the social dynamics underlying the stalled negotiations of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Its aim is to enhance understanding of the processes involved, to offer a working agenda to the organizational…

Reflections on Teaching and Learning for Sustainability from the Cascadia Sustainability Field School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owens, Cameron; Sotoudehnia, Maral; Erickson-McGee, Paige

2015-01-01

A complex and contested concept, sustainability presents a great challenge to teachers and learners. Field study is a potentially promising venue to unpack the problematics of sustainability in practice. This paper reflects on the Cascadia Sustainability Field School, offered through the University of Victoria, Canada, providing an overview of the…

Undergraduate Students' Initial Conceptions of Factorials

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lockwood, Elise; Erickson, Sarah

2017-01-01

Counting problems offer rich opportunities for students to engage in mathematical thinking, but they can be difficult for students to solve. In this paper, we present a study that examines student thinking about one concept within counting, factorials, which are a key aspect of many combinatorial ideas. In an effort to better understand students'…

A Unit of Study on the Music of China.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mueller, Alicia K.

1999-01-01

Presents a unit for elementary students that focuses on the music of the ancient culture of China during the Tang dynasty. Provides background information on Chinese society, music in ancient China, the relationship between music and poetry and other related arts. Offers two lesson plans with accompanying music and a list of resources. (CMK)

An Evaluation Framework for Selecting Collaboration Systems for Student Teamwork

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shen, Yide; Li, Lei; Zheng, Guangzhi; Guo, Rong

2017-01-01

Collaboration technologies play an increasingly important role in student teamwork in universities. With the proliferation of collaboration systems on the market and the wide range of features they offer, choosing an appropriate system can be an overwhelming task for college students. In this paper, the authors present an empirical study that…

Soviet strategic nuclear doctrine under Gorbachev. Study project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Winkel, R.J.

This paper examines Soviet offensive strategic nuclear doctrine under General Secretary and President Mikail S. Gorbachev. The development of Soviet nuclear doctrine starting with the Stalin era is reviewed. A close look at those pieces of Gorbachev's new thinking that pertain to nuclear weapons doctrine are presented. Implications for U.S. strategy are offered.

Blame Attribution as a Moderator of Perceptions of Sexual Orientation-Based Hate Crimes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cramer, Robert J.; Chandler, Joseph F.; Wakeman, Emily E.

2010-01-01

Blame attribution is a valuable mechanism explaining decision making. However, present literature mainly employs blame attribution as a dependent variable. The shortcoming of this fact is that blame attribution offers a potentially valuable explanatory mechanism for decision making. The authors designed two studies to investigate blame attribution…

System Expertise Training Courses in Private Sector: Can They Be Given Online?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balci Demirci, Birim

2014-01-01

It is widely known that there are many schools in the private sector offering courses in Computer Technology, Computer Engineering, Information Systems and similar disciplines in addition to Universities presenting such courses. The private sector programs are extremely popular with students already studying at university as well as being of great…

Examining Writing Performance and Self-Perception for Low Socioeconomic Young Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barone, Toni-Ann; Sinatra, Richard; Eschenauer, Robert; Brasco, Robert

2014-01-01

The present case study investigated the impact of a short-term summer literacy approach on writing performance and self-perception of writing for young adolescents of low-income families residing in urban housing projects. The approach offered intensive literacy engagement to offset summer achievement loss; assisted ethnic-minority, low…

From the Fear of Death to the Fear of "Dissimilar Other": A Research in Elementary School Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leondari, A.; Magos, K.; Oikonomou, A.

2014-01-01

Social stereotyping and prejudice constitute pressing societal problems and have many causes. Terror Management Theory offers a compelling and heavily researched account of individuals' reactions towards "dissimilar others" when faced with thoughts of mortality. Building from previous research with adult samples, the present study aimed…

Engaging Students in Applied Electromagnetics at the University of San Diego

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lumori, M. L. D.; Kim, E. M.

2010-01-01

Two possible topical approaches that have been applied to teaching an upper-division undergraduate electrical engineering applied electromagnetics course are presented. Each approach was applied to one of two offerings of the course, taught in different semesters. In either case, the course includes the study of electromagnetic theory and…

Navigating Past and Present Accountability Measures in Search of an Effective Principal Professional Development Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Patrick M.

2012-01-01

This study was designed to investigate the perceived experiences encountered by principals in the state of Illinois regarding professional development sessions offered through the Illinois Administrator Academy. The fundamental value of the Illinois Administrator Academy was designed as one of 169 specific initiatives in association with the…

Teaching the Language and Culture of France through Its Wines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berwald, Jean-Pierre

The study of wine offers possibilities for teaching a variety of topics in the high school or college French class: geography, history, grape varieties, food-wine combinations, the art of appreciating and distinguishing wines, the wine industry, and French daily life. The development of a slide-tape presentation is described in detail. Resource…

Targeted enrichment strategies for next-generation plant biology

Treesearch

Richard Cronn; Brian J. Knaus; Aaron Liston; Peter J. Maughan; Matthew Parks; John V. Syring; Joshua Udall

2012-01-01

The dramatic advances offered by modem DNA sequencers continue to redefine the limits of what can be accomplished in comparative plant biology. Even with recent achievements, however, plant genomes present obstacles that can make it difficult to execute large-scale population and phylogenetic studies on next-generation sequencing platforms. Factors like large genome...

Challenges in Integrating a Complex Systems Computer Simulation in Class: An Educational Design Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Loke, Swee-Kin; Al-Sallami, Hesham S.; Wright, Daniel F. B.; McDonald, Jenny; Jadhav, Sheetal; Duffull, Stephen B.

2012-01-01

Complex systems are typically difficult for students to understand and computer simulations offer a promising way forward. However, integrating such simulations into conventional classes presents numerous challenges. Framed within an educational design research, we studied the use of an in-house built simulation of the coagulation network in four…

The American Indian Social Studies Curriculum Activity Guide, Grades 9-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stutzman, Esther

Designed to provide supplementary information on American Indians for the teaching of American history, the activity guide for grades 9-12 offers background knowledge and suggested discussion topics for students. Contents of the guide include: a historical timeline outlining major events from 15,000 B.C. to the present; Hollywood's influence on…

Playing the Recording Once or Twice: Effects on Listening Test Performances

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruhm, Richard; Leitner-Jones, Claire; Kulmhofer, Andrea; Kiefer, Thomas; Mlakar, Heike; Itzlinger-Bruneforth, Ursula

2016-01-01

Much debate surrounds the issue of whether allowing candidates to listen to recordings twice is more desirable in language tests than offering just one opportunity. Using regression models, this study investigates, analyses and interconnects both item difficulty and stimulus length in relation to the frequency of stimulus presentation and its…

U.S. History for the Gifted and Talented.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zola, John; And Others

The major objective of this teaching guide is to help high school classroom teachers of United States history develop and implement curriculum for gifted and talented students. Specifically, it presents objectives for gifted students in the area of social studies, offers a structure upon which discussion questions and learning activities can be…

Understanding Others: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Studies and the Teaching of Literature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trimmer, Joseph, Ed.; Warnock, Tilly, Ed.

This book of essays offers perspectives for college teachers facing the perplexities of today's focus on cultural issues in literature programs. The book presents ideas from 19 scholars and teachers relating to theories of culture-oriented criticism and teaching, contexts for these activities, and specific, culture-focused texts significant for…

Mixed Methods Analysis of Counselor Views, Attitudes and Perceived Competencies Regarding the Treatment of Internet Pornography Addiction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hinman, Bradly K.

2013-01-01

The Internet offers unprecedented opportunity for individuals to have anonymous, inexpensive, and unrestricted access to an essentially unlimited range of sexually explicit materials. Counseling clients are increasingly presenting with problematic issues regarding Internet pornography use. The purposes of this mixed-method study were (a) to…

Logic Brightens My Day: Evidence for Implicit Sensitivity to Logical Validity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trippas, Dries; Handley, Simon J.; Verde, Michael F.; Morsanyi, Kinga

2016-01-01

A key assumption of dual process theory is that reasoning is an explicit, effortful, deliberative process. The present study offers evidence for an implicit, possibly intuitive component of reasoning. Participants were shown sentences embedded in logically valid or invalid arguments. Participants were not asked to reason but instead rated the…

One Kid at a Time: Evaluative Case Studies and Description of the Alaska Youth Initiative Demonstration Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burchard, John D.; And Others

This monograph presents an evaluative description of the Alaska Youth Initiative (AYI), a community-based interagency program serving children and adolescents with severe emotional and behavioral disorders. Principles of the program include a no reject policy and a "wraparound" service delivery approach. The monograph offers information…

A Taxonomy of Consumer Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction Measures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andreasen, Alan R.

1977-01-01

Government and business have become more concerned with measuring market performance in terms of consumer satisfactions and dissatisfactions (CS/D). This research is concerned with the question of how one ought to measure CS/D. Offers a taxonomy of alternative CS/D measures and presents data from a national urban study of consumer complaints to…

Coping with English as Language of Instruction in Higher Education in Rwanda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kagwesage, Anne Marie

2013-01-01

The present study examines strategies that multilingual university students in Rwanda use in order to successfully deal with complex academic material offered through the medium of English, a foreign language. The reported strategies emerged from group work discussions and interviews with students in the faculty of Economics and Management at a…

Exploring New Directions: Title I in the Year 2000.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Puma, Michael J.; Drury, Darrel W.

This report takes stock of the present Title I program, identifies the most promising approaches to educating the nation's disadvantaged children, and offers guidance to policymakers seeking to improve Title I's effectiveness. The report draws upon hundreds of studies, evaluations, and other documents, and details the evolution of the Title I…

A Collaborative Virtual Environment for Situated Language Learning Using VEC3D

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shih, Ya-Chun; Yang, Mau-Tsuen

2008-01-01

A 3D virtually synchronous communication architecture for situated language learning has been designed to foster communicative competence among undergraduate students who have studied English as a foreign language (EFL). We present an innovative approach that offers better e-learning than the previous virtual reality educational applications. The…

Adolescent Behavior: Normal? Sick? How Does One Tell?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slaff, Bertram

Adolescent turmoil has been investigated as a manifestation of normative crisis functioning. Anna Freud and Erikson look upon this as almost universal. Daniel and Judith Offer found this quality present in only 21% of their sample of male high school non-patient students. Masterson in his longterm study reported that adolescent turmoil was at most…

Stereotype Threat among Schoolgirls in Quasi-Ordinary Classroom Circumstances

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huguet, Pascal; Regner, Isabelle

2007-01-01

There is ample evidence today in the stereotype threat literature that women and girls are influenced by gender-stereotyped expectations on standardized math tests. Despite its high relevance to education, this phenomenon has not received much attention in school settings. The present studies offer the 1st evidence to date indicating that middle…

Guiding Learners into Reengagement through the SCALE Environment: An Empirical Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Verginis, Ilias; Gouli, Evangelia; Gogoulou, Agoritsa; Grigoriadou, Maria

2011-01-01

The paper presents the facilities offered by the open learner model maintained in the web-based, adaptive, activity-oriented learning environment SCALE (Supporting Collaboration and Adaptation in a Learning Environment), in order to guide online students who become disengaged and support their reengagement. The open learner model (OLM_SCALE)…

Creating Art Environments That Address Social Justice Issues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tremblay, Gail

2013-01-01

In this article, I examine strategies for teaching students to make socially conscious art using a variety of media that emphasizes installation work. I present issues of social justice in the contemporary art world and include concerns of censorship that artists sometimes confront. I offer examples of team taught coordinated studies programs…

Smart Desktops for Teachers. ECS Issue Paper: Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palaich, Robert M.; Good, Dixie Griffin; Stout, Connie; Vickery, Emily

This report presents the results of a study of how emerging technologies can help educators deliver standards-based education to K-12 students. The first section of the report provides background on the new technology offerings and defines smart desktop systems. The second section lists critical questions for decisionmakers related to general…

Promoting the Health of Young Adults in Urban Public Universities: A Case Study from City University of New York

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freudenberg, Nicholas; Manzo, Luis; Mongiello, Lorraine; Jones, Hollie; Boeri, Natascia; Lamberson, Patricia

2013-01-01

Changing demographics of college students and new insights into the developmental trajectory of chronic diseases present universities with opportunities to improve population health and reduce health inequalities. The reciprocal relationships between better health and improved educational achievement also offer university health programs a chance…

Mathematical Aspects of Educating Architecture Designers: A College Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Verner, I. M.; Maor, S.

2005-01-01

This paper considers a second-year Mathematical Aspects in Architectural Design course, which relies on a first-year mathematics course and offers mathematical learning as part of hands-on practice in architecture design studio. The 16-hour course consisted of seminar presentations of mathematics concepts, their application to covering the plane…

The Role of NIE in Foreign Language Dissemination and Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eddy, Peter A.

One of 10 studies commissioned to investigate research needs and to stimulate planning activities, this paper reviews program evaluation in foreign language education (FLED), and offers a number of recommendations to improve present practice. It begins by noting that very little FLED program evaluation is taking place today, and by arguing that…

Factors Influencing Beliefs for Adoption of a Learning Analytics Tool: An Empirical Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ali, Liaqat; Asadi, Mohsen; Gasevic, Dragan; Jovanovic, Jelena; Hatala, Marek

2013-01-01

Present research and development offer various learning analytics tools providing insights into different aspects of learning processes. Adoption of a specific tool for practice is based on how its learning analytics are perceived by educators to support their pedagogical and organizational goals. In this paper, we propose and empirically validate…

Interactive Visual Tools as Triggers of Collaborative Reasoning in Entry-Level Pathology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nivala, Markus; Rystedt, Hans; Saljo, Roger; Kronqvist, Pauliina; Lehtinen, Erno

2012-01-01

The growing importance of medical imaging in everyday diagnostic practices poses challenges for medical education. While the emergence of novel imaging technologies offers new opportunities, many pedagogical questions remain. In the present study, we explore the use of a new tool, a virtual microscope, for the instruction and the collaborative…

Working the Planning Table: Negotiating Democratically for Adult, Continuing, and Workplace Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cervero, Ronald M.; Wilson, Arthur L.

2005-01-01

In this book, Ronald M. Cervero and Arthur L. Wilson offer a theory that accounts for planners' lived experience and provides a guide for developing effective educational programs for adults. The book presents three planning case studies that illustrate how power, interests, ethical commitment, and negotiation are central to planners' everyday…

The Curricular Value of Teaching about Immigration through Picture Book Thematic Text Sets

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bersh, Luz Carime

2013-01-01

This article offers a contextual analysis of contemporary immigration issues impacting the institutions in the United States, in particular the school. It discusses the importance of addressing this theme in the classroom and presents its curricular value in the elementary and middle school social studies and interdisciplinary curricula. Using a…

The potential offered by real-time, high-sensitivity monitoring of ethane in breath and some pilot studies using optical spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Skeldon, Kenneth D.; Patterson, Claire; Wyse, Cathy A.; Gibson, Graham M.; Padgett, Miles J.; Longbottom, Chris; McMillan, Lesley C.

2005-06-01

Breath analysis applied to biomedical applications has gained much momentum is recent years due to the growing research demonstrating that breath gas can provide clinically useful data. Particularly exciting is the area of real-time breath analysis which, when coupled with appropriately chosen target species, can offer a novel method for non-invasive patient monitoring. Here we describe the role of ethane, a breath gas of universal appeal in assessing in vivo oxidative stress (cell damage). We first present a review of emerging applications where real-time ethane monitoring could yield original new results for healthcare. We then report on results from a portable ethane spectroscopy system (accuracy better then 100 parts per trillion (1 part in 1010) over a 1 s time response) that we have developed to exploit some of these applications. By presenting some initial results from pilot studies in the life sciences, we comment on the requirements that the next stage of optical spectroscopy technology has to meet in order to benefit clinical end-users.

Use of antibiotics in the management of sore throat.

PubMed

Wilkinson, Ann Elizabeth

2015-03-01

As the number of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria rises, it becomes crucial that decisions about the use of antibiotics are based on sound evidence. This article offers a case study to explore the treatment of patients with sore throat who present to minor injury settings. It describes some 'red flag' presentations, discusses the pros and cons of prescribing antibiotics for sore throat, and describes some scoring systems that can help differentiate between bacterial and viral throat infections.

Relationship between fetal nuchal translucency and crown-rump length in an Asian population.

PubMed

Jou, H J; Wu, S C; Li, T C; Hsu, H C; Tzeng, C Y; Hsieh, F J

2001-02-01

To investigate the relationship between the nuchal translucency (NT) thickness and crown-rump length (CRL) in normal Asian fetuses during the first trimester. A prospective observational study was conducted. Ultrasound measurement of NT and CRL was offered in 879 consecutive Taiwanese fetuses between 9 weeks and 14 weeks of gestation. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the NT thickness and CRL. Fetal sex was also considered in the analysis. The distribution of multiple of median (MoM) values of the NT measurements with CRL in 10-mm intervals and the 95th centile of MoM were also calculated. The present study shows that NT measurements increase with increasing CRL. A fixed cut-off point through the first trimester is not appropriate. The NT thickness has no relationship with fetal sex. Expressing the NT thickness by MoM values provides a simple method for clinical practice. The present study offers normative data of the fetal NT thickness in an Asian population, which may improve the performance of NT measurement during the first-trimester as a screening tool for chromosomal aberrations or other congenital abnormalities in the first trimester.

Visual Analysis of MOOC Forums with iForum.

PubMed

Fu, Siwei; Zhao, Jian; Cui, Weiwei; Qu, Huamin

2017-01-01

Discussion forums of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) provide great opportunities for students to interact with instructional staff as well as other students. Exploration of MOOC forum data can offer valuable insights for these staff to enhance the course and prepare the next release. However, it is challenging due to the large, complicated, and heterogeneous nature of relevant datasets, which contain multiple dynamically interacting objects such as users, posts, and threads, each one including multiple attributes. In this paper, we present a design study for developing an interactive visual analytics system, called iForum, that allows for effectively discovering and understanding temporal patterns in MOOC forums. The design study was conducted with three domain experts in an iterative manner over one year, including a MOOC instructor and two official teaching assistants. iForum offers a set of novel visualization designs for presenting the three interleaving aspects of MOOC forums (i.e., posts, users, and threads) at three different scales. To demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of iForum, we describe a case study involving field experts, in which they use iForum to investigate real MOOC forum data for a course on JAVA programming.

A Comprehensive Surgical Procedure in Conservative Management of Placenta Accreta

PubMed Central

Kelekci, Sefa; Ekmekci, Emre; Aydogmus, Serpil; Gencdal, Servet

2015-01-01

Abstract We aimed to present a combined surgical procedure in conservative treatment of placenta accreta based on surgical outcomes in our cohort of patients. The study was designed as a prospective cohort series study. The setting involved two education and research hospitals in Turkey. This study included 12 patients with placenta accreta who were prenatally diagnosed and managed. We offered the patients the choice of conservative or nonconservative treatment. We then offered 2 choices for patients who had preferred conservative treatment, leaving the placenta in situ as is the classical procedure, or our surgical procedure. One patient preferred nonconservative treatment, the others opted for our procedure. We evaluated demographic and obstetric characteristics of patients, sonographic and operative parameters of patients, and surgical outcomes. We operated on 11 patients using this surgical procedure that we have developed for placenta accreta cases. We found that there was no need for hysterectomy in any patient, and we preserved the uterus for all of these patients. No patient presented any septic complication or secondary vaginal bleeding. Our surgical procedure seems to be effective and useful in the conservative treatment of placenta accreta. PMID:25700315

Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and molecular docking of cyclohexenone based analogous as potent non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nazar, Muhammad Faizan; Abdullah, Muhammad Imran; Badshah, Amir; Mahmood, Asif; Rana, Usman Ali; Khan, Salah Ud-Din

2015-04-01

The chalcones core in compounds is advantageously chosen effective synthons, which offer exciting perspectives in biological and pharmacological research. The present study reports the successful development of eight new cyclohexenone based anti-reverse transcriptase analogous using rational drug design synthesis principles. These new cyclohexenone derivatives (CDs) were synthesized by following a convenient route of Robinson annulation, and the molecular structure of these CDs were later confirmed by various analytical techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. All the synthesized compounds were screened theoretically and experimentally against reverse transcriptase (RT) and found potentially active reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors. Of the compounds studied, the compound 2FC4 showed high interaction with RT at non-nucleoside binding site, contributing high free binding energy (ΔG -8.01 Kcal) and IC50 (0.207 μg/ml), respectively. Further results revealed that the compounds bearing more halogen groups, with additional hydrophobic character, offered superior anti-reverse transcriptase activity as compared to rest of compounds. It is anticipate that the present study would be very useful for the selection of potential reverse transcriptase inhibitors featuring inclusive pharmacological profiles.

A Survey of a Study on the Reasons Responsible for Student Dropout from the Bachelor of Science Programme at Indira Gandhi National Open University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fozdar, Bharat Inder; Kumar, Lalita S.; Kannan, S.

2006-01-01

This paper presents a report on students who decided to drop out of the BSc program offered by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU). This study was designed to determine the reasons leading to students' decisions to withdraw from the program. Identified and reported in this study are nine major reasons leading to drop out. Results of…

[Psychological intervention after trauma--does it work?].

PubMed

Smedsrud, Marit Kristine; Hem, Erlend; Ekeberg, Øivind

2005-06-30

A Cochrane review from 1998 concluded that single-session intervention does not prevent the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder. This led to a debate about what is the best, if any, psychological treatment after traumas. In consequence, some clinicians have become doubtful about as how to deal with traumatized patients. We present three examples in order to illustrate situations in which psychological intervention is useful. The conclusions in the Cochrane review are well documented. However, insufficient correspondence between the traumas and the intervention offered gave us cause to question the clinical importance of existing studies. Future studies of psychological intervention after traumas should use an individualized design in which the intervention is in proportion to the trauma. Based on knowledge not given by randomized controlled studies, we recommend clinicians to offer psychological help to those exposed to traumatic incidents. Most people need adequate information after traumas. For those who develop health problems, intervention until recovery is recommended.

Preparation and characterization of malonic acid cross-linked chitosan and collagen 3D scaffolds: an approach on non-covalent interactions.

PubMed

Mitra, Tapas; Sailakshmi, G; Gnanamani, A; Mandal, A B

2012-05-01

The present study emphasizes the influence of non-covalent interactions on the mechanical and thermal properties of the scaffolds of chitosan/collagen origin. Malonic acid (MA), a bifuncitonal diacid was chosen to offer non-covalent cross-linking. Three dimensional scaffolds was prepared using chitosan at 1.0% (w/v) and MA at 0.2% (w/v), similarly collagen 0.5% (w/v) and MA 0.2% (w/v) and characterized. Results on FT-IR, TGA, DSC, SEM and mechanical properties (tensile strength, stiffness, Young's modulus, etc.) assessment demonstrated the existence of non-covalent interaction between MA and chitosan/collagen, which offered flexibility and high strength to the scaffolds suitable for tissue engineering research. Studies using NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells suggested biocompatibility nature of the scaffolds. Docking simulation study further supports the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between MA and chitosan/collagen.

New clinical decision rule to exclude subarachnoid haemorrhage for acute headache: a prospective multicentre observational study.

PubMed

Kimura, Akio; Kobayashi, Kentaro; Yamaguchi, Hitoshi; Takahashi, Takeshi; Harada, Masahiro; Honda, Hideki; Mori, Yoshio; Hirose, Keika; Tanaka, Noriko

2016-09-09

To ensure good outcomes in the management of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), accurate prediction is crucial for initial assessment of patients presenting with acute headache. We conducted this study to develop a new clinical decision rule using only objectively measurable predictors to exclude SAH, offering higher specificity than the previous Ottawa SAH Rule while maintaining comparable sensitivity. Multicentre prospective cohort study. Tertiary-care emergency departments of five general hospitals in Japan from April 2011 to March 2014. Eligible patients comprised 1781 patients aged >15 years with acute headache, excluding trauma or toxic causes and patients who presented in an unconscious state. Definitive diagnosis of SAH was based on confirmation of SAH on head CT or lumbar puncture findings of non-traumatic red blood cells or xanthochromia. A total of 1561 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 277 showed SAH. Using these enrolled patients, we reached a rule with mainly categorical predictors used in previous reports, called the 'Ottawa-like rule', offering 100% sensitivity when using any of age ≥40 years, neck pain or stiffness, altered level of consciousness or onset during exertion. Using the 1317 patients from whom blood samples were obtained, a new rule using any of systolic blood pressure >150 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg, blood sugar >115 mg/dL or serum potassium <3.9 mEq/L offered 100% sensitivity (95% CI 98.6% to 100%) and 14.5% specificity (12.5% to 16.9%), while the Ottawa-like rule showed the same sensitivity with a lower specificity of 8.8% (7.2% to 10.7%). While maintaining equal sensitivity, our new rule seemed to offer higher specificity than the previous rules proposed by the Ottawa group. Despite the need for blood sampling, this method can reduce unnecessary head CT in patients with acute headache. UMIN 00004871. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

The virtual lover: variable and easily guided 3D fish animations as an innovative tool in mate-choice experiments with sailfin mollies-I. Design and implementation

PubMed Central

Smielik, Ievgen; Hütwohl, Jan-Marco; Gierszewski, Stefanie; Witte, Klaudia; Kuhnert, Klaus-Dieter

2017-01-01

Abstract Animal behavior researchers often face problems regarding standardization and reproducibility of their experiments. This has led to the partial substitution of live animals with artificial virtual stimuli. In addition to standardization and reproducibility, virtual stimuli open new options for researchers since they are easily changeable in morphology and appearance, and their behavior can be defined. In this article, a novel toolchain to conduct behavior experiments with fish is presented by a case study in sailfin mollies Poecilia latipinna. As the toolchain holds many different and novel features, it offers new possibilities for studies in behavioral animal research and promotes the standardization of experiments. The presented method includes options to design, animate, and present virtual stimuli to live fish. The designing tool offers an easy and user-friendly way to define size, coloration, and morphology of stimuli and moreover it is able to configure virtual stimuli randomly without any user influence. Furthermore, the toolchain brings a novel method to animate stimuli in a semiautomatic way with the help of a game controller. These created swimming paths can be applied to different stimuli in real time. A presentation tool combines models and swimming paths regarding formerly defined playlists, and presents the stimuli onto 2 screens. Experiments with live sailfin mollies validated the usage of the created virtual 3D fish models in mate-choice experiments. PMID:29491963

The virtual lover: variable and easily guided 3D fish animations as an innovative tool in mate-choice experiments with sailfin mollies-I. Design and implementation.

PubMed

Müller, Klaus; Smielik, Ievgen; Hütwohl, Jan-Marco; Gierszewski, Stefanie; Witte, Klaudia; Kuhnert, Klaus-Dieter

2017-02-01

Animal behavior researchers often face problems regarding standardization and reproducibility of their experiments. This has led to the partial substitution of live animals with artificial virtual stimuli. In addition to standardization and reproducibility, virtual stimuli open new options for researchers since they are easily changeable in morphology and appearance, and their behavior can be defined. In this article, a novel toolchain to conduct behavior experiments with fish is presented by a case study in sailfin mollies Poecilia latipinna . As the toolchain holds many different and novel features, it offers new possibilities for studies in behavioral animal research and promotes the standardization of experiments. The presented method includes options to design, animate, and present virtual stimuli to live fish. The designing tool offers an easy and user-friendly way to define size, coloration, and morphology of stimuli and moreover it is able to configure virtual stimuli randomly without any user influence. Furthermore, the toolchain brings a novel method to animate stimuli in a semiautomatic way with the help of a game controller. These created swimming paths can be applied to different stimuli in real time. A presentation tool combines models and swimming paths regarding formerly defined playlists, and presents the stimuli onto 2 screens. Experiments with live sailfin mollies validated the usage of the created virtual 3D fish models in mate-choice experiments.

Internationalizing the University Mathematics Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Appelbaum, Peter; Friedler, Louis M.; Ortiz, Carlos E.; Wolff, Edward F.

2009-01-01

This article offers suggestions for achieving the internationalization of university mathematics-related curricular offerings. It presents learning objectives and related student outcomes, raises general issues related to internationalization, and then discusses how to incorporate the objectives and address these issues within the university…

School Discipline: A Cooperative Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terrell, Henry W.

1976-01-01

To stem the tide of student misbehavior, teachers and administrators must present a united front. Cooperative discipline procedures can be effective when they are firm, fair, and offer the misbehaving student a personal option. Practical suggestions on disciplinary procedures are offered here. (Editor/RK)

Teaching Climate Change Science to Undergradutes with Diverse & Digital Pedagogical Techniquees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kauffman, C.; Brey, J. A.; Nugnes, K. A.; Weinbeck, R. S.; Geer, I. W.

2015-12-01

California University of Pennsylvania (CalUPA) is unique relative to other undergraduate geoscience programs in that their climate science offerings are varied and inter-woven into an existing meteorology degree program, which aligns with the guidelines established by the American Meteorological Society (AMS). In addition to the rigorous meteorological requirements, the program strives to increase students' climate literacy. At the introductory course level, students are required to use the educational resources offered by the AMS—specifically their weather and climate studies materials, which have recently transitioned to a digital format. The Earth Sciences Program at CalUPA recently incorporated these new digital resources into a climatology course with novel pedagogical variants. These teaching strategies were well received by students and may benefit other climatology courses at similar institutions. For example, students were tasked with expounding upon textbook content from 'Topic In Depth' segments; they were required to present tangential climate topics in a digital presentation. Moreover, students mined the scientific literature listed at the end of each chapter in the text to identify climate scientists immersed in social media. Students were then required to follow these scientists and engage each other within a social media platform. Finally, as a culminating experience, students were required to create digital portfolios (e.g., infographic) related to climate science and the AMS materials. This presentation will further detail CalUPA's climatological course offerings and detail how the AMS resources were connected to course requirements listed herein.

A DBTechNet course module on database SQL transactions for VET teachers training and higher education informatics education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dervos, D. A.; Skourlas, C.; Laiho, M.

2015-02-01

"DBTech VET Teachers" project is Leonardo da Vinci Multilateral Transfer of Innovation Project co-financed by the European Commission's Lifelong Learning Programme. The aim of the project is to renew the teaching of database technologies in VET (Vocational Education and Training) institutes, on the basis of the current and real needs of ICT industry in Europe. Training of the VET teachers is done with the systems used in working life and they are taught to guide students to learning by verifying. In this framework, a course module on SQL transactions is prepared and offered. In this paper we present and briefly discuss some qualitative/quantitative data collected from its first pilot offering to an international audience in Greece during May-June 2013. The questionnaire/evaluation results, and the types of participants who have attended the course offering, are presented. Conclusions are also presented.

Behavioral and neuronal determinants of negative reciprocity in the ultimatum game.

PubMed

Kaltwasser, Laura; Hildebrandt, Andrea; Wilhelm, Oliver; Sommer, Werner

2016-10-01

The rejection of unfair offers in the ultimatum game (UG) indicates negative reciprocity. The model of strong reciprocity claims that negative reciprocity reflects prosociality because the rejecting individual is sacrificing resources in order to punish unfair behavior. However, a recent study found that the rejection rate of unfair offers is linked to assertiveness (status defense model). To pursue the question what drives negative reciprocity, the present study investigated individual differences in the rejection of unfair offers along with their behavioral and neuronal determinants. We measured fairness preferences and event-related potentials (ERP) in 200 healthy participants playing a computerized version of the UG with pictures of unfair and fair proposers. Structural equation modeling (SEM) on the behavioral data corroborated both the strong reciprocity and the status defense models of human cooperation: Not only more prosocial but also more assertive individuals were more likely to show negative reciprocity by rejecting unfair offers. Experimental ERP results confirmed the feedback negativity (FN) as a neural signature of fairness processing. Multilevel SEM of brain-behavior relationships revealed that negative reciprocity was significantly associated with individual differences in FN amplitudes in response to proposers. Our results confirm stable individual differences in fairness processing at the behavioral and neuronal level. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Mannan oligosaccharide requires functional ETC and TLR for biological radiation protection to normal cells.

PubMed

Sanguri, Sweta; Gupta, Damodar

2018-06-27

Low LET Ionizing radiation is known to alter intracellular redox balance by inducing free radical generation, which may cause oxidative modification of various cellular biomolecules. The extent of biomolecule-modifications/ damages and changes in vital processes (viz. cellular homeostasis, inter-/intra-cellular signaling, mitochondrial physiology/dynamics antioxidant defence systems) are crucial which in turn determine fate of cells. In the present study, we expended TLR expressing (normal/ transformed) and TLR null cells; and we have shown that mannan pretreatment in TLR expressing normal cells offers survival advantage against lethal doses of ionizing radiation. On the contrary, mannan pretreatment does not offer any protection against radiation to TLR null cells, NKE ρ° cells and transformed cells. In normal cells, abrupt decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and endogenous ROS levels occurs following treatment with mannan. We intend to irradiate mannan-pretreated cells at a specific stage of perturbed mitochondrial functioning and ROS levels to comprehend if mannan pretreatment offers any survival advantage against radiation exposure to cells. Interestingly, pre-irradiation treatment of cells with mannan activates NFκB, p38 and JNK, alters mitochondrial physiology, increases expression of Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD, minimizes oxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids and offers survival advantage in comparison to irradiated group, in TLR expressing normal cells. The study demonstrates that TLR and mitochondrial ETC functions are inevitable in radio-protective efficacy exhibited by mannan.

Characteristics of U.S. Mental Health Facilities That Offer Suicide Prevention Services.

PubMed

Kuramoto-Crawford, S Janet; Smith, Kelley E; McKeon, Richard

2016-01-01

This study characterized mental health facilities that offer suicide prevention services or outcome follow-up after discharge. The study analyzed data from 8,459 U.S. mental health facilities that participated in the 2010 National Mental Health Services Survey. Logistic regression analyses were used to compare facilities that offered neither of the prevention services with those that offered both or either service. About one-fifth of mental health facilities reported offering neither suicide prevention services nor outcome follow-up. Approximately one-third offered both, 25% offered suicide prevention services only, and 21% offered only outcome follow-up after discharge. Facilities that offered neither service were less likely than facilities that offered either to offer comprehensive support services or special programs for veterans; to offer substance abuse services; and to be accredited, licensed, or certified. Further examination of facilitators and barriers in implementing suicide prevention services in mental health facilities is warranted.

Reaction-based small-molecule fluorescent probes for chemoselective bioimaging

PubMed Central

Chan, Jefferson; Dodani, Sheel C.; Chang, Christopher J.

2014-01-01

The dynamic chemical diversity of elements, ions and molecules that form the basis of life offers both a challenge and an opportunity for study. Small-molecule fluorescent probes can make use of selective, bioorthogonal chemistries to report on specific analytes in cells and in more complex biological specimens. These probes offer powerful reagents to interrogate the physiology and pathology of reactive chemical species in their native environments with minimal perturbation to living systems. This Review presents a survey of tools and tactics for using such probes to detect biologically important chemical analytes. We highlight design criteria for effective chemical tools for use in biological applications as well as gaps for future exploration. PMID:23174976

Systems metabolic engineering as an enabling technology in accomplishing sustainable development goals.

PubMed

Yang, Dongsoo; Cho, Jae Sung; Choi, Kyeong Rok; Kim, Hyun Uk; Lee, Sang Yup

2017-09-01

With pressing issues arising in recent years, the United Nations proposed 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an agenda urging international cooperations for sustainable development. In this perspective, we examine the roles of systems metabolic engineering (SysME) and its contribution to improving the quality of life and protecting our environment, presenting how this field of study offers resolutions to the SDGs with relevant examples. We conclude with offering our opinion on the current state of SysME and the direction it should move forward in the generations to come, explicitly focusing on addressing the SDGs. © 2017 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.

Three perspectives on partnering to close the care gap.

PubMed

Tsuyuki, Ross T; Sebestyen, Norma; Davis, Sheila; Rondos, Spyro

2015-11-01

Given their frontline relationship with patients, community pharmacists fill a vital role in our healthcare system. This article offers three perspectives on how a team-based approach, which integrates the community pharmacist, can enhance patient care and reduce system costs. It is the success of these partnership models which have helped drive system-level change. It offers reflections by Dr. Ross T. Tsuyuki, among Canada's leading researchers on the subject, and presents some findings over his 20-year partnership with Merck in Canada. Dr. Tsuyuki's peer-reviewed studies have been largely centred in Alberta, one province in which the scope of practice for pharmacists has been expanded. © 2015 Collège canadien des leaders en santé

A systematic evaluation of websites offering information on chronic kidney disease.

PubMed

Lutz, Erin R; Costello, Kaitlin L; Jo, Minjeong; Gilet, Constance A; Hawley, Jennifer M; Bridgman, Jessica C; Song, Mi-Kyung

2014-01-01

In this study, we described the content and characteristics of 40 non-proprietary websites offering information about chronic kidney disease (CKD) and evaluated their information quality using the DISCERN scale and readability using Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid grade level. The areas in which the websites scored the lowest on the DISCERN scale were whether the website discussed knowledge gaps, presented balanced information, and was clear about the information source. Websites that rated higher quality on the DISCERN scale were more difficult to read. The quality and readability of many websites about CKD to be used as meaningful educational resources for patients who desire to learn more about CKD and treatment options remain inadequate.

Eight worst advertising mistakes.

PubMed

Maley, Catherine

2010-11-01

This article presents strategies for advertising the medical practice. The emphasis is on breaking out of the old rules of how one should advertise and delves into asking questions that lead to a true strategy unique to one's medical practice and offerings. The article discusses the myriad ways to think about and create a patient-centered approach, turning from "here is what we offer" to instead "what you want we offer." Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Meeting the public health challenge of pain in later life: what role can senior centers play?

PubMed

Tobias, Karen R; Lama, Sonam D; Parker, Samantha J; Henderson, Charles R; Nickerson, Allison J; Reid, M Carrington

2014-12-01

Interest in nonpharmacologic approaches for managing pain continues to grow. The aim of this study was to determine the types of pain-relevant programs offered by senior centers and whether the programs varied by clients' race/ethnicity status and center size. A telephone survey was conducted. Respondents were presented with a list of 15 programs and the option to choose "other" and asked (1) whether the activity was offered and, if so, how often; (2) if they believed the programs had value for seniors with pain; and (3) whether the classes were advertised as a means of achieving pain relief. Of 204 center staff contacted, 195 (95.6%) participated. The most common programs offered were movement-based, including exercise (by 91.8% of the centers), dance (72.3%), walking clubs (71.8%), yoga (65.6%), and Tai Chi (53.3%) classes. Creative arts programs were also frequently offered, including music (58.5%) and fine arts (47.7%). Programs such as stress management (27%) and relaxation (26%) classes were less commonly offered. Most respondents identified movement-based programs as helpful for seniors with pain, but few identified creative arts classes as potentially beneficial. The programs/classes offered were infrequently advertised as a means of helping seniors manage pain and varied by clients' race/ethnicity status and center size. Programs that have potential utility for older adults with pain are commonly offered by senior centers. Future research should determine optimal strategies for engaging older adults in these programs in the senior center setting. Copyright © 2014 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Study of helicopterroll control effectiveness criteria

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Heffley, Robert K.; Bourne, Simon M.; Curtiss, Howard C., Jr.; Hindson, William S.; Hess, Ronald A.

1986-01-01

A study of helicopter roll control effectiveness based on closed-loop task performance measurement and modeling is presented. Roll control critieria are based on task margin, the excess of vehicle task performance capability over the pilot's task performance demand. Appropriate helicopter roll axis dynamic models are defined for use with analytic models for task performance. Both near-earth and up-and-away large-amplitude maneuvering phases are considered. The results of in-flight and moving-base simulation measurements are presented to support the roll control effectiveness criteria offered. This Volume contains the theoretical analysis, simulation results and criteria development.

[Implementation of the eLearning project NESTOR. A network for students in traumatology and orthopedics].

PubMed

Back, D A; Haberstroh, N; Hoff, E; Plener, J; Haas, N P; Perka, C; Schmidmaier, G

2012-01-01

Modern internet-based information technologies offer great possibilities to create and improve teaching methods for students. The eLearning tool NESTOR (Network for Students in Traumatology and Orthopedics) presented here was designed to complement the existing clinical teaching in orthopedics and traumatology at the Charité, University Medicine Berlin. Using a learning management system, videos, podcasts, X-ray diagnosis, virtual patients, tests and further tools for learning and study information were combined. After implementation the eLearning project was evaluated by students. The NESTOR project offers various possibilities for knowledge acquisition. Students using the program voluntarily showed a high acceptance whereby 82.4% were very satisfied with the contents offered and 95.3% supported the idea of a future use of NESTOR in teaching. The blended learning approach was positively evaluated by 93.5% of the students. The project received the eLearning seal of quality of the Charité University Medicine Berlin. Using complex eLearning tools, such as the NESTOR project represents a contemporary teaching approach in the teaching of traumatology and orthopedics and should be offered in a blended learning context as they are well accepted by students.

Understanding the different types of social support offered by audience to A-list diary-like and informative bloggers.

PubMed

Ko, Hsiu-Chia; Wang, Li-Ling; Xu, Yi-Ting

2013-03-01

Blogs offer audiences a forum through which they can exchange ideas and provide feedback about the everyday lives and experiences of the bloggers. Such interactions and communication between audiences and bloggers could be regarded as a kind of social support. The present study aims to identify and compare the types of social support offered by audiences to continuous popular diary-like and informative bloggers, and to explore the possible benefits that bloggers may obtain from such social support. Content analysis was used to analyze the 485 and 390 comments provided by the audiences to the A-list diary-like and informative blog posts, respectively. Results reveal that validation, compliment, and encouragement are the most common types of social support given by audiences to A-list bloggers. Chi-square test results show that the audiences offer more encouragement-type of social support to diary-like bloggers and more complimentary and informational social support to informative bloggers. Such types of social support may enhance A-list bloggers' self-esteem, boost their confidence, promote their self-understanding, and help them obtain the benefits of social validation, which in turn encourage bloggers to commit continuous self-disclosure.

Launching of multi-project wafer runs in ePIXfab with micron-scale silicon rib waveguide technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aalto, Timo; Cherchi, Matteo; Harjanne, Mikko; Ylinen, Sami; Kapulainen, Markku; Vehmas, Tapani

2014-03-01

Silicon photonics is a rapidly growing R&D field where universities, institutes and companies are all involved and the business expectations for the next few years are high. One of the key enabling elements that led to the present success of silicon photonics is ePIXfab. It is a consortium of institutes that has together offered multi-project wafer (MPW) runs, packaging services, training, and feasibility studies. These services have significantly lowered the barrier of various research groups and companies to start developing silicon photonics. Until now the MPW services have been offered by the ePIXfab partners IMEC, CEA-Leti and IHP, which all use CMOS-type silicon photonics technology with a typical silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide thickness of 220 nm. In November 2013 this MPW offering was expanded by the ePIXfab partner VTT that opened the access to its 3 μm SOI waveguide platform via ePIXfab MPW runs. This technology platform is complementary to the mainstream silicon photonics technology (220 nm) and it offers such benefits as very low losses, small polarization dependency, ultrabroadband operation and low starting costs

Environmental Learning Workshop: Lichen as Biological Indicator of Air Quality and Impact on Secondary Students' Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samsudin, Mohd Wahid; Daik, Rusli; Abas, Azlan; Meerah, T. Subahan Mohd; Halim, Lilia

2013-01-01

In this study, the learning of science outside the classroom is believe to be an added value to science learning as well as it offers students to interact with the environment. This study presents data obtained from two days' workshop on Lichen as Biological Indicator for Air Quality. The aim of the workshop is for the students to gain an…

What Works Clearinghouse Quick Review of the Report "Exercise Improves Executive Function and Achievement and Alters Brain Activation in Overweight Children: A Randomized, Controlled Trial"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

What Works Clearinghouse, 2012

2012-01-01

The study examined whether exercise offered to sedentary, overweight children ages 7 to 11 improved executive function--defined as strategy execution when presented with a novel task--and academic performance in reading and math. The study authors analyzed data on about 170 students from Georgia who were recruited in five cohorts from 2003 to…

The Co-Construction of Learning Difficulties in Mathematics--Teacher-Student Interactions and Their Role in the Development of a Disabled Mathematical Identity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heyd-Metzuyanim, Einat

2013-01-01

Leaning on a communicational framework for studying social, affective, and cognitive aspects of learning, the present study offers a new look at the construction of an identity of failure in mathematics as it occurs through teaching-learning interactions. Using the case of Dana, an extremely low-achieving student in 7th grade mathematics, I…

Aquatic pollution, 2nd ed

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laws, E.A.

1993-01-01

This book systematically covers all aspects of water pollution in marine and freshwater systems. Didactic style, frequent use of case studies and an extensive bibliography facilitate understanding of fundamental concepts. Offers basic, relevant ecological and toxicological information. Straightforward presentation of the scientific aspects of environmental issues. Information updated, particularly the discussion of toxicology and the case studies of water pollution. Three new chapters on acid rain, groundwater pollution and plastics are added.

Using Deep Learning for Gamma Ray Source Detection at the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bieker, Jacob

2018-06-01

Finding gamma-ray sources is of paramount importance for Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT). This study looks at using deep neural networks on data from the First G-APD Cherenkov Telescope (FACT) as a proof-of-concept of finding gamma-ray sources with deep learning for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this study, FACT’s individual photon level observation data from the last 5 years was used with convolutional neural networks to determine if one or more sources were present. The neural networks used various architectures to determine which architectures were most successful in finding sources. Neural networks offer a promising method for finding faint and extended gamma-ray sources for IACTs. With further improvement and modifications, they offer a compelling method for source detection for the next generation of IACTs.

Oak Ridge National Laboratory`s (ORNL) ecological and physical science study center: A hands-on science program for K-12 students

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bradshaw, S.P.

1994-12-31

In our tenth year of educational service and outreach, Oak Ridge National Laboratory`s Ecological and Physical Science Study Center (EPSSC) provides hands-on, inquiry-based science activities for area students and teachers. Established in 1984, the EPSSC now hosts over 20,000 student visits. Designed to foster a positive attitude towards science, each unit includes activities which reinforce the science concept being explored. Outdoor science units provide field experience at the Department of Energy`s Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park and outreach programs are offered on-site in area schools. Other programs are offered as extensions of the EPSSC core programs, including on-site studentmore » science camps, all-girl programs, outreach science camps, student competitions, teacher in-service presentations and teacher workshops.« less

Oocyte cryopreservation beyond cancer: tools for ethical reflection.

PubMed

Linkeviciute, Alma; Peccatori, Fedro A; Sanchini, Virginia; Boniolo, Giovanni

2015-08-01

This article offers physicians a tool for structured ethical reflection on challenging situations surrounding oocyte cryopreservation in young healthy women. A systematic literature review offers a comprehensive overview of the ethical debate surrounding the practice. Ethical Counseling Methodology (ECM) offers a practical approach for addressing ethical uncertainties. ECM consists of seven steps: (i) case presentation; (ii) analysis of possible implications; (iii) presentation of ethical question(s); (iv) explanation of ethical terms; (v) presentation of the ethical arguments in favor of and against the procedure; (vi) examination of the individual patient's beliefs and wishes; and (vii) conclusive summary. The most problematic aspects in the ethical debate include the distinction between medical and non-medical use of oocyte cryopreservation, safety and efficiency of the procedure, and marketing practices aimed at healthy women. Female empowerment and enhanced reproductive choices (granted oocyte cryopreservation is a safe and efficient technique) are presented as ethical arguments supporting the practice, while ethical reservations towards oocyte cryopreservation are based on concerns about maternal and fetal safety and wider societal implications. Oocyte cryopreservation is gaining popularity among healthy reproductive age women. However, despite promised benefits it also involves risks that are not always properly communicated in commercialized settings. ECM offers clinicians a tool for structured ethical analysis taking into consideration a wide range of implications, various ethical standpoints, and patients' perceptions and beliefs.

The Role of Expectations in Game-Based Training.

PubMed

Kreutzer, Christine; Bowers, Clint

2015-01-01

The present work seeks to examine the importance of expectancies in computer-mediated treatment and training programs. Two studies examining the role of patient and trainee expectations are presented. Study 1 investigated how expectations of a training game for military surgical teams influence training performance outcomes. The findings have implications for the administration of game-based treatment and training systems. Study 2 explored how pre-treatment expectancies influence post-treatment reactions to a game-based intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results indicate that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between expectancies and reactions. Together, these studies offer implications regarding the critical role of attitudes towards game-based training and treatment mechanisms.

NewSpace: The Emerging Commercial Space Industry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, Gary L.

2014-01-01

Presenter will give a lecture on the emerging commercial space industry at International Space University's 2014 Space Studies Program (SSP) at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. The presentation consists of 38 Powerpoint slides and describes the emerging commercial space sector, key players and capabilities. The slides explain which areas that the commercial sector is taking hold, what new markets are attracting start up companies, and which companies are participating. A discussion of how governments can help with the new industry's development is offered.

Application of FTIR microscopy in the study of pharmaceutical packaging materials and formulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, John J.; Johnson, James B.

1992-08-01

Fourier transform infrared microscopy offers many unique advantages in studying pharmaceutical packaging materials and formulations because of its sensitivity and variety of measurement modes with precise control of the area to the analyzed. This report discusses the application of FTIR microscopy in studying commonly encountered pharmaceutical packaging components such as multi-layer laminate films, disposable syringes and rubber stoppers. The use of the instrument to study pharmaceutical formulation parameters such as polymorphism and component identification is also presented.

Key factors for a high-quality VR experience

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Champel, Mary-Luc; Doré, Renaud; Mollet, Nicolas

2017-09-01

For many years, Virtual Reality has been presented as a promising technology that could deliver a truly new experience to users. The media and entertainment industry is now investigating the possibility to offer a video-based VR 360 experience. Nevertheless, there is a substantial risk that VR 360 could have the same fate as 3DTV if it cannot offer more than just being the next fad. The present paper aims at presenting the various quality factors required for a high-quality VR experience. More specifically, this paper will focus on the main three VR quality pillars: visual, audio and immersion.

Effects of concentrate crude protein content on nutrient digestibility, energy utilization, and methane emissions in lactating dairy cows fed fresh-cut perennial grass.

PubMed

Hynes, D N; Stergiadis, S; Gordon, A; Yan, T

2016-11-01

Although many studies have investigated mitigation strategies for methane (CH 4 ) output from dairy cows fed a wide variety of diets, research on the effects of concentrate crude protein (CP) content on CH 4 emissions from dairy cows offered fresh grass is limited. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of cow genotype and concentrate CP level on nutrient digestibility, energy utilization, and CH 4 emissions in dairy cows offered fresh-grass diets. Twelve multiparous lactating dairy cows (6 Holstein and 6 Holstein × Swedish Red) were blocked into 3 groups for each breed and assigned to a low-, medium-, or high-CP concentrate diet [14.1, 16.1, and 18.1% CP on a dry matter (DM) basis, respectively], in a 3-period changeover study (25d per period). Total diets contained (DM basis) 32.8% concentrates and 67.2% perennial ryegrass, which was harvested daily. All measurements were undertaken during the final 6d of each period: digestibility measurements for 6d and calorimetric measurements in respiration chambers for 3d. Feed intake and milk production data were reported in a previous paper. We observed no significant interaction between concentrate CP level and cow genotype on any parameter. Concentrate CP level had no significant effect on any energy utilization parameter, except for urinary energy output, which was positively related to concentrate CP level. Similarly, concentrate CP content had no effect on CH 4 emission (g/d), CH 4 per kg feed intake, or nutrient digestibility. Cross breeding of Holstein cows significantly reduced gross energy, digestible energy, and metabolizable energy intake, heat production, and milk energy output. However, cow genotype had no significant effect on energy utilization efficiency or CH 4 parameters. Furthermore, the present study yielded a value for gross energy lost as CH 4 (5.6%) on fresh grass-based diets that was lower than the widely accepted value of 6.5%. The present findings indicate that reducing concentrate CP content from 18.1 to 14.1% may not be a successful way of alleviating CH 4 emissions from lactating dairy cows offered good-quality fresh grass, but grazing cows could be offered a low-CP concentrate without compromising energy utilization efficiency. Further research is needed to investigate whether larger differences in dietary CP content may yield positive results. Copyright © 2016 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tips for Good Electronic Presentations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strasser, Dennis

1996-01-01

Describes library uses of presentation graphics software and offers tips for creating electronic presentations. Tips include: audience retention; visual aid options; software package options; presentation planning; presentation showing; and use of text, colors, and graphics. Sidebars note common presentation errors and popular presentation…

Sound for Film: Audio Education for Filmmakers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lazar, Wanda

1998-01-01

Identifies the specific, unique, and important elements of audio education required by film professionals. Presents a model unit to be included in a film studies program, either as a separate course or as part of a film production or introduction to film course. Offers a model syllabus for such a course or unit on sound in film. (SR)

Strangers in a Strange Land: Read-Alouds Give Us Insight into Others' Struggles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Auerbach, Barbara

2006-01-01

Read-alouds boost listening and reading comprehension skills and bring subjects to life in a way that textbooks cannot. This article presents three literature-based social studies units, which offer some fresh choices to invigorate lessons. For each unit, a recently published novel is highlighted as a read-aloud or group reading selection and…

Four- and Six-Year-Olds Use Pragmatic Competence to Guide Word Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vazquez, Maria D.; Delisle, Sarah S.; Saylor, Megan M.

2013-01-01

The present study investigates whether four- and six-year-old children use pragmatic competence as a criterion for learning from someone else. Specifically, we ask whether children use others' adherence to Gricean maxims to determine whether they will offer valid labels for novel objects. Six-year-olds recognized adherence to the maxims of…

Teaching West in the East: An American University in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ozturgut, Osman

2007-01-01

Having closed its door to Western ideas for centuries, China has always presented itself as a puzzle both for academicians and politicians. Westerners, though, have always been attracted by the natural resources and human power that China offers to the capitalistic world. This study explores the entrance of Western ideas in China from an…

Online High School Student Achievement on State-Issued Standardized Tests: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gifford, William M., III

2017-01-01

Online education has increased greatly in recent years among K-12 learners and post-secondary learners. Online learning provides opportunities such as course remediation or access to courses not typically offered, which have benefited many learners. The growth of online learning has also presented educators with challenges as well. Students in…

Students Helping Students: A Learning Partnership Initiative for Distance Language Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jilg, Timothy; Southgate, Margaret

2017-01-01

This study looks at the effectiveness of an intervention to improve student retention on a distance language course. Of the six beginners' language courses offered by the UK's Open University, the beginners' Welsh course has consistently had the lowest retention rates since it was first presented in 2008. In order to address this, a project was…

The Importance of Language in Students' Reasoning about Heat in Thermodynamic Processes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brookes, David T.; Etkina, Eugenia

2015-01-01

Researchers believe that the way that students talk, specifically the language that they use, can offer a window into their reasoning processes. Yet the connection between what students are saying and what they are actually thinking can be ambiguous. We present the results of an exploratory interview study with 10 participants, designed to…

Effect of gamma irradiation on microbial load, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Gamma irradiation is highly effective in inactivating microorganisms in various foods and offers a safe alternative method of food decontamination. In the present study, soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill) were treated with 0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 KGy of gamma irradiation. Microbial populations on s...

Designing Innovative Learning Environments to Foster Communities of Learners for Students in Initial Vocational Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boersma, Annoesjka; ten Dam, Geert; Wardekker, Willem; Volman, Monique

2016-01-01

In this study, the concept of "community of learners" was used to improve initial vocational education. The framework of a 'community of learners for vocational orientation' that we present offers both a theoretical understanding of teaching-learning processes in initial vocational education and heuristics for the design of innovative…

Examining the Utility of Topic Models for Linguistic Analysis of Couple Therapy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doeden, Michelle A.

2012-01-01

This study examined the basic utility of topic models, a computational linguistics model for text-based data, to the investigation of the process of couple therapy. Linguistic analysis offers an additional lens through which to examine clinical data, and the topic model is presented as a novel methodology within couple and family psychology that…

Seeking Scholarships: Application Tips for Graduate and Undergraduate Studies in Health and Physical Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Okeke, Maria U.; Geiger, Brian F.

This collection of 31 presentation slides provides suggestions for students applying for health and physical education scholarships, offering guidelines and specific resource information. It focuses on myths (e.g., scholarships only go to the best students, obtaining a loan decreases the chances of receiving a scholarship, and paying for a…

Analyzing Tax Policy: A Resource Guide. Economics-Political Science Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swartz, Thomas R.

Part of a series which offers educational resources and teaching techniques related to major social issues to high school social studies classroom teachers, the guide focuses on political and economic aspects of tax policy in the United States. The document is presented in three major chapters. Chapter I explores how economic and political science…

Bilingual/Bicultural Education in the United States: Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Washburn, David E.

In order to discern the role of higher education in the training of personnel for bilingual/bicultural education, 3,038 postsecondary institutions in the United States, Guam, and the Virgin Islands were surveyed during the 1977-78 academic year. Data are presented on the groups studied and the courses offered. Tables also provide information on…

Combining Project-Based Learning and Community-Based Research in a Research Methodology Course: The Lessons Learned

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arantes do Amaral, João Alberto; Lino dos Santos, Rebeca Júlia Rodrigues

2018-01-01

In this article, we present our findings regarding the course "Research Methodology," offered to 22 first-year undergraduate students studying Administration at the Federal University of São Paulo, Osasco, Brazil. The course, which combined community-based research and project-based learning, was developed during the second semester of…

Assessing the Comparative Effectiveness of Teaching Undergraduate Intermediate Accounting in the Online Classroom Format

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rich, Anne J.; Dereshiwsky, Mary I.

2011-01-01

This paper presents the results of a study assessing the comparative effectiveness of teaching an undergraduate intermediate accounting course in the online classroom format. Students in a large state university were offered an opportunity to complete the first course in intermediate accounting either online or on-campus. Students were required to…

Risks Associated with the Choice to Teach Online

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hopewell, Thomas M.

2012-01-01

This article presents findings from a case study related to the risks associated with the choice of traditional, tenure track faculty to teach online. Education offered at a distance via the World Wide Web is on the rise; so too is the demand for university faculty members who will teach those courses. While traditional academic and professional…

[WWW.2CHEAT.COM] Update

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rooks, Clay D.

2006-01-01

This paper is an updated presentation on the subject of cheating and plagiarism via the World Wide Web. In a few hours searching the Internet, the author found even more "cheat" sites than in 1998 that offered not only all types of term and research papers, but college admission letters, reviews, case studies, even dissertations as well. Most now…

Technical Preparation: Preparing Students for Success. A Position Paper Presented by the Wisconsin Association of Secondary Vocational Administrators 1991-1992.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Charlene; And Others

Technical Preparation (Tech Prep) programs include basic skills and competencies to improve students' school-to-work transition. The following elements characterize Tech Prep: designed for grades 9-14, leading to an technical associate degree; parallels college preparatory program; offers technical program of study in business enterprise,…

A Study of the Database Marketing Course in AACSB-Accredited Business Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Teer, Harold B.; Teer, Faye P.; Kruck, S. E.

2007-01-01

This article presents findings of an empirical investigation of the database marketing (DBM) course in business schools within the United States accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. Results indicated that from 2001 to 2005 there was a 52.5% increase in the percentage of business schools offering an undergraduate…

School-Based Mentoring Programs: Using Volunteers to Improve the Academic Outcomes of Underserved Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bayer, Amanda; Grossman, Jean Baldwin; DuBois, David L.

2013-01-01

Previous research suggests that school-based mentoring programs like those offered by Big Brothers Big Sisters of America (BBBSA) yield small but statistically significant improvements in the academic performance of mentored students and in their beliefs in their own scholastic efficacy. The present study uses data from a randomized control trial…

Religious Education in Russia: A Comparative and Critical Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blinkova, Alexandra; Vermeer, Paul

2018-01-01

RE in Russia has been recently introduced as a compulsory regular school subject during the last year of elementary school. The present study offers a critical analysis of the current practice of Russian RE by comparing it with RE in Sweden, Denmark and Britain. This analysis shows that Russian RE is ambivalent. Although it is based on a…

Assessing Patient Management Plans of Doctors and Medical Students: An Illness Script Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monajemi, Alireza; Schmidt, Henk G.; Rikers, Remy M. J. P.

2012-01-01

Introduction: Illness script theory offers explanations for expert-novice differences in clinical reasoning. However, it has mainly focused on diagnostic (Dx) performance, while patient management (Mx) has been largely ignored. The aim of the present study was to show the role of Mx knowledge in illness script development and how it relates to…

The Physician's Role in Prevention. Adolescent Alcoholism: Recognizing, Intervening, and Treating Series No. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fisher, Joseph V.; Krol, Ronald A.

This document is one of seven publications contained in a series of materials for physicians on recognizing, intervening with, and treating adolescent alcoholism. The materials in this unit of study offer guidelines to help physicians make responsible and informed decisions about their roles with adolescent patients. Materials are presented which…

Recovery plan for laurel wilt on redbay and other forest species caused by Raffaelea lauricola and disseminated by Xyleborus glabratus

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Genetic data can guide the management of plant conservation collections. Direct assay of an ex situ collection’s genetic diversity, measured against wild plant populations, offers insight for conservation efforts. Here we present a carefully chosen case study, Zamia lucayana, selected for its contra...

Framing Young Children's Humour and Practitioner Responses to It Using a Bakhtinian Carnivalesque Lens

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tallant, Laura

2015-01-01

This article presents findings from a pilot study offering an alternative framing of children's humour and laughter in an early childhood education setting. It employs a Bakhtinian carnivalesque lens to explore the nature of children's humour in an urban nursery and investigate the framing of children's humour and laughter outside the popular…

Removing the Blinders: Toward an Integrative Model of Organizational Change in Sport and Physical Activity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunningham, George B.

2002-01-01

Discusses the nature of the change process in physical education and sports, presenting a model to incorporate in studies of radical organizational change. The integration of four theories (institutionalism, population ecology, strategic choice, and resource dependence) provides the basis for the model. The paper offers a hypothetical example and…

"Streams of Influence" in Student Affairs: A Renewed Emphasis on Leadership Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gigliotti, Ralph A.

2015-01-01

This case study presents an overview of the development of a new Office for Leadership Programs at Villanova University, housed under the Office of Student Development. Adapting Kingdon's (1984) public policy model to the creation of new initiatives in student affairs, this article offers a conceptual framework for the design of new student…

A Feminist Post-Structuralist Analysis of an Exemplar South African School History Text

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fardon, Jill; Schoeman, Sonja

2010-01-01

A feminist post-structuralist perspective offers an alternative paradigm for the study of gender bias in History texts. It focuses on multiple perspectives and open interpretation, opens up space for female voices of the past and present, and deconstructs realist historical narrative. Our aim in this article is to discuss feminist…

Power, Identity, and Mathematical Practices Outside and Inside School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nasir, Na'ilah Suad; de Royston, Maxine McKinney

2013-01-01

How issues of power and identity play out in mathematical practices are described by Na'ilah Suad Nasir and Maxine McKinney de Royston. Their article offers a perspective on how to better understand the sociopolitical nature of teaching and learning mathematics. They present data from studies of mathematics teaching and learning in out-of-school…

Reflecting on the Rationales for String Study in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brenner, Brenda

2010-01-01

This essay will address the question of the value of string education by first examining arguments offered on behalf of string education in schools, and noting their somewhat mixed value. Then a set of arguments will be presented that may have greater promise. The focal point will be the establishment of excellence in string teaching and playing.…

Investing in Michigan's Future: Meeting the Early Childhood Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schweinhart, Lawrence J.; Fulcher-Dawson, Rachel

2006-01-01

This report presents results from research into the effects of early childhood programs on their participants, particularly low-income and at-risk children. The studies described offer evidence on the long-term effects of high quality early childhood programs. Such programs can have long-lasting positive effects on children and their families,…

Exploring the Context of Strengths--A New Approach to Strength-Based Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bozic, Nick; Lawthom, Rebecca; Murray, Janice

2018-01-01

Since the 1990s many strength-based assessments (for example, inventories, checklists, interview schedules) have been developed for use with children and young people, but these have offered a limited appraisal of the contexts in which strengths are present. In this study a new form of contextualised strength-based assessment was used within the…

Grade School Philosophy: How Come and Where To?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lipman, Matthew

The inclusion of philosophy as part of the elementary school curriculum is discussed in this paper. A definite trend toward specifically including ethics and logic offers a starting point for a philosophy course as part of the general curriculum or as a separate course of study. The author begins by presenting a general analysis of the recent…

Case study - human body relay race.

PubMed

Lewis, Heather

2017-04-01

This case presentation introduces the work of Heather Lewis, Graphic Designer from Birmingham Community Healthcare Foundation Trust, Clinical Illustration department. The graphic design team offer professional design solutions in a variety of formats such as scientific posters, banners, patient information booklets and promotional items. This particular project was requested by the Combined Community Dental Service, a Specialist Division in Birmingham.

Accessible by Design: Applying UDL Principles in a First Year Undergraduate Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kumar, Kari Lynne; Wideman, Maureen

2014-01-01

This article presents a case study of a technology-enhanced face-to-face health sciences course in which the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) were applied. Students were offered a variety of means of representation, engagement, and expression throughout the course, and were surveyed and interviewed at the end of the term to…

Guidelines for Out-of-School Credit in Foreign Travel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartman, Don, Comp.; Hutto, Max, Comp.

Guidelines for out-of-school credit in foreign travel through the Foreign Study Program for high school students are presented. This program is offered to high school students in a format that encompasses areas contiguous to all major curriculum courses of the secondary school. The following topics are addressed: (1) program goals and objectives,…

Cognitive and Socio-Affective Outcomes of Project-Based Learning: Perceptions of Greek Second Chance School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koutrouba, Konstantina; Karageorgou, Elissavet

2013-01-01

The present questionnaire-based study was conducted in 2010 in order to examine 677 Greek Second Chance School (SCS) students' perceptions about the cognitive and socio-affective outcomes of project-based learning. Data elaboration, statistical and factor analysis showed that the participants found that project-based learning offered a second…

Numerical Magnitude Processing Impairments in Genetic Syndromes: A Cross-Syndrome Comparison of Turner and 22Q11.2 Deletion Syndromes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brankaer, Carmen; Ghesquière, Pol; De Wel, Anke; Swillen, Ann; De Smedt, Bert

2017-01-01

Cross-syndrome comparisons offer an important window onto understanding heterogeneity in mathematical learning disabilities or dyscalculia. The present study therefore investigated symbolic numerical magnitude processing in two genetic syndromes that are both characterized by mathematical learning disabilities: Turner syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion…

From Past to Present: How Memories of School Shape Parental Views of Children's Schooling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Kyle

2015-01-01

Internationally, there is growing interest in children's transition to school and their readiness for formal education. Parents' memories of school offer important insights into children's preparation for school and how families view schools; however, few studies consider the influence of educational histories. To address this gap, a sample of 24…

Data-Mining Techniques in Detecting Factors Linked to Academic Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martínez Abad, Fernando; Chaparro Caso López, Alicia A.

2017-01-01

In light of the emergence of statistical analysis techniques based on data mining in education sciences, and the potential they offer to detect non-trivial information in large databases, this paper presents a procedure used to detect factors linked to academic achievement in large-scale assessments. The study is based on a non-experimental,…

Investigating Participation in Advanced Level Mathematics: A Study of Student Drop-Out

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noyes, Andrew; Sealey, Paula

2012-01-01

There has, for some years, been a growing concern about participation in university-entrance level mathematics in England and across the developed world. Extensive statistical analyses present the decline but offer little to help us understand the causes. In this paper we explore a concern which cannot be explored through national data-sets,…

Molecular Models of Ruthenium(II) Organometallic Complexes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coleman, William F.

2007-01-01

This article presents the featured molecules for the month of March, which appear in the paper by Ozerov, Fafard, and Hoffman, and which are related to the study of the reactions of a number of "piano stool" complexes of ruthenium(II). The synthesis of compound 2a offers students an alternative to the preparation of ferrocene if they are only…

Paper for Colloquium on "Teaching of Woman's History."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schnorrenberg, Barbara

This paper is a report on a course to be offered by the author at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill entitled "Woman's History in the West." The author describes the difficulties she had in procuring information to present to her class. The course is outlined as follows: (1) the problems of studying woman's history; (2) the medieval…

Preferred Drug Resistance Strategies of Urban American Indian Youth of the Southwest

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kulis, Stephen; Brown, Eddie F.

2011-01-01

This study explored the drug resistance strategies that urban American Indian adolescents consider the best and worst ways to respond to offers of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana. Focus group data were collected from 11 female and 9 male American Indian adolescents attending urban middle schools in the southwest. The youth were presented with…

Avatars, First Impressions and Self-Presentation Tactics: Influences on a Participant Social Network

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lusher, Tammy J.

2012-01-01

Even as higher education institutions offer more distance education courses, the attrition rate in these courses remains higher than face-to-face courses. One of the most cited reason by students who drop out of distance education classes is the lack of social interaction. Educational technology researchers have studied this problem from a sense…

Reshaping the Principalship: Insights from Transformational Reform Efforts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, Joseph; Louis, Karen Seashore

This book focuses on the ways in which the work of principals is being shaped by transformational reform measures. Part 1 offers two chapters that analyze the challenges and possibilities for principals in restructuring schools and review the empirical evidence on the evolving role of the principal. Part 2 presents nine case studies, each of which…

Teaching the Teachers: Dismantling Racism and Teaching for Social Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruiz, Elsa Cantu; Cantu, Norma E.

2013-01-01

As a response to the attacks on ethnic studies in Arizona and the move to ban certain books, this essay presents theoretical and pedagogical reflections from two professors and addresses the ways teacher preparation programs can offer a resistance. Based on the authors' experience in teacher preparation programs, one in the humanities and the…