29 CFR 548.200 - Requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Requirements for A Basic Rate § 548.200... instance, under certain conditions the Regulations permit the use of the daily average hourly earnings of... excluded from the computation of overtime pay. 5 It is the exclusion of the cost of the meals that is...

29 CFR 548.502 - Other payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Computation of Overtime Pay § 548.502 Other... would have been included in the regular rate of pay. 26 26 Unless specifically excluded by agreement or... employee's daily average hourly earnings, and under the employment agreement he is paid one and one-half...

29 CFR 778.107 - General standard for overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... chapter. The Act also provides, in section 7(b), (i), (k) and (m) and in section 13, certain partial and... overtime must be compensated at a rate not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which the... overtime compensation must be computed at a rate not less than one and one-half times such higher rate...

29 CFR 778.107 - General standard for overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... chapter. The Act also provides, in section 7(b), (i), (k) and (m) and in section 13, certain partial and... overtime must be compensated at a rate not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which the... overtime compensation must be computed at a rate not less than one and one-half times such higher rate...

29 CFR 778.107 - General standard for overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... chapter. The Act also provides, in section 7(b), (i), (k) and (m) and in section 13, certain partial and... overtime must be compensated at a rate not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which the... overtime compensation must be computed at a rate not less than one and one-half times such higher rate...

29 CFR 778.107 - General standard for overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... chapter. The Act also provides, in section 7(b), (i), (k) and (m) and in section 13, certain partial and... overtime must be compensated at a rate not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which the... overtime compensation must be computed at a rate not less than one and one-half times such higher rate...

29 CFR 548.200 - Requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... and preserve for an employee compensated for overtime hours on the basis of a basic rate are described... the employee as a basis for computing daily overtime. 4 Thus, a method rather than a specific rate is... his basic rate. 4 See § 548.302. 5 See § 548.304. (c) Minimum wage. The employee's average hourly...

29 CFR 548.304 - Excluding value of lunches furnished.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... However, if an employer furnishes a free lunch every day and, in addition, occasionally pays “supper money” 13 when the employees work overtime, the cost of the lunches and the supper money may both be... employees to omit from the computation of overtime the cost of a free daily lunch or other single daily meal...

29 CFR 548.304 - Excluding value of lunches furnished.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... However, if an employer furnishes a free lunch every day and, in addition, occasionally pays “supper money” 13 when the employees work overtime, the cost of the lunches and the supper money may both be... employees to omit from the computation of overtime the cost of a free daily lunch or other single daily meal...

29 CFR 548.304 - Excluding value of lunches furnished.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

.... However, if an employer furnishes a free lunch every day and, in addition, occasionally pays “supper money” 13 when the employees work overtime, the cost of the lunches and the supper money may both be... employees to omit from the computation of overtime the cost of a free daily lunch or other single daily meal...

29 CFR 548.304 - Excluding value of lunches furnished.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... However, if an employer furnishes a free lunch every day and, in addition, occasionally pays “supper money” 13 when the employees work overtime, the cost of the lunches and the supper money may both be... employees to omit from the computation of overtime the cost of a free daily lunch or other single daily meal...

29 CFR 548.304 - Excluding value of lunches furnished.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

.... However, if an employer furnishes a free lunch every day and, in addition, occasionally pays “supper money” 13 when the employees work overtime, the cost of the lunches and the supper money may both be... employees to omit from the computation of overtime the cost of a free daily lunch or other single daily meal...

[Isolation and identification methods of enterobacteria group and its technological advancement].

PubMed

Furuta, Itaru

2007-08-01

In the last half-century, isolation and identification methods of enterobacteria groups have markedly improved by technological advancement. Clinical microbiology tests have changed overtime from tube methods to commercial identification kits and automated identification. Tube methods are the original method for the identification of enterobacteria groups, that is, a basically essential method to recognize bacterial fermentation and biochemical principles. In this paper, traditional tube tests are discussed, such as the utilization of carbohydrates, indole, methyl red, and citrate and urease tests. Commercial identification kits and automated instruments by computer based analysis as current methods are also discussed, and those methods provide rapidity and accuracy. Nonculture techniques of nucleic acid typing methods using PCR analysis, and immunochemical methods using monoclonal antibodies can be further developed.

The Iceberg Principle: Discovering the Self in Poetry

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monahan, Kathleen N.

2007-01-01

For eight years, Kathleen Monahan taught English literature and composition at Saint Peter's College satellite campus at Newark Airport. Her students were Port Authority employees--police officers, mechanics, bridge painters--trying to wedge an education into lives criss-crossed by split shifts, swing shifts, and double overtime. On the first…

29 CFR 553.227 - Outside employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... such details and take disciplinary action against those who fail to do so. (e) Section 7(p)(1) applies... convention center during concerts or sports events. If the officers perform such work at their own option... overtime compensation. (f) The principles in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section with respect to special...

46 CFR 9.8 - Broken periods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC EXTRA COMPENSATION FOR OVERTIME SERVICES § 9.8 Broken periods. In computing extra compensation where the services rendered are in broken... with the waiting time and computed as continuous service. ...

5 CFR 550.707 - Computation of severance pay fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... pay for standby duty regularly varies throughout the year, compute the average standby duty premium...), compute the weekly average percentage, and multiply that percentage by the weekly scheduled rate of pay in... hours in a pay status (excluding overtime hours) and multiply that average by the hourly rate of basic...

29 CFR 4.177 - Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... number of non-overtime hours in a year of work, to arrive at the hourly cash equivalent. This principle... 29 Labor 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means... obligations by equivalent means. (a) In general. (1) Section 2(a)(2) of the Act, which provides for fringe...

29 CFR 4.177 - Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... number of non-overtime hours in a year of work, to arrive at the hourly cash equivalent. This principle... 29 Labor 1 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means... obligations by equivalent means. (a) In general. (1) Section 2(a)(2) of the Act, which provides for fringe...

29 CFR 4.177 - Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... number of non-overtime hours in a year of work, to arrive at the hourly cash equivalent. This principle... 29 Labor 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means... obligations by equivalent means. (a) In general. (1) Section 2(a)(2) of the Act, which provides for fringe...

29 CFR 4.177 - Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... number of non-overtime hours in a year of work, to arrive at the hourly cash equivalent. This principle... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means... obligations by equivalent means. (a) In general. (1) Section 2(a)(2) of the Act, which provides for fringe...

29 CFR 4.177 - Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... number of non-overtime hours in a year of work, to arrive at the hourly cash equivalent. This principle... 29 Labor 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Discharging fringe benefit obligations by equivalent means... obligations by equivalent means. (a) In general. (1) Section 2(a)(2) of the Act, which provides for fringe...

Computer-assisted coding and clinical documentation: first things first.

PubMed

Tully, Melinda; Carmichael, Angela

2012-10-01

Computer-assisted coding tools have the potential to drive improvements in seven areas: Transparency of coding. Productivity (generally by 20 to 25 percent for inpatient claims). Accuracy (by improving specificity of documentation). Cost containment (by reducing overtime expenses, audit fees, and denials). Compliance. Efficiency. Consistency.

29 CFR 548.300 - Introductory statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AUTHORIZATION OF ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548... has determined that they are substantially equivalent to the straight-time average hourly earnings of...

29 CFR 548.300 - Introductory statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... AUTHORIZATION OF ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548... has determined that they are substantially equivalent to the straight-time average hourly earnings of...

29 CFR 516.26 - Employees paid for overtime at premium rates computed on a “basic” rate authorized in accordance...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... memorandum summarizing the terms of and showing the date and period covered by the oral agreement or understanding to use this method of computation. If the employee is one of a group, all of whom have agreed to...

Stochastic Modeling of Overtime Occupancy and Its Application in Building Energy Simulation and Calibration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sun, Kaiyu; Yan, Da; Hong, Tianzhen

2014-02-28

Overtime is a common phenomenon around the world. Overtime drives both internal heat gains from occupants, lighting and plug-loads, and HVAC operation during overtime periods. Overtime leads to longer occupancy hours and extended operation of building services systems beyond normal working hours, thus overtime impacts total building energy use. Current literature lacks methods to model overtime occupancy because overtime is stochastic in nature and varies by individual occupants and by time. To address this gap in the literature, this study aims to develop a new stochastic model based on the statistical analysis of measured overtime occupancy data from an officemore » building. A binomial distribution is used to represent the total number of occupants working overtime, while an exponential distribution is used to represent the duration of overtime periods. The overtime model is used to generate overtime occupancy schedules as an input to the energy model of a second office building. The measured and simulated cooling energy use during the overtime period is compared in order to validate the overtime model. A hybrid approach to energy model calibration is proposed and tested, which combines ASHRAE Guideline 14 for the calibration of the energy model during normal working hours, and a proposed KS test for the calibration of the energy model during overtime. The developed stochastic overtime model and the hybrid calibration approach can be used in building energy simulations to improve the accuracy of results, and better understand the characteristics of overtime in office buildings.« less

Factors influencing the use of registered nurse overtime in hospitals, 1995-2000.

PubMed

Berney, Barbara; Needleman, Jack; Kovner, Christine

2005-01-01

To assess nurse overtime in acute care general hospitals and the factors that influence overtime among various hospitals and in the same hospitals from year to year. Staffing data from 1995 to 2000 from 193 acute general hospitals in New York State were used to examine hospital characteristics (size, location, RN unionization, hospital ownership, and teaching status) to determine whether they were associated with nurse overtime. The average weekly overtime RNs worked was 4.5% of total hours, varying from almost none to 16.6%. At mean overtime levels, nurses were working less overtime than the mean for manufacturing workers, but, at the extreme, nurses were working more than 6 hours overtime per week. Significant differences were observed in the use of overtime by hospital ownership and by union status. Nurses in government hospitals worked less overtime than did those in nongovernment hospitals. Nurses in unionized hospitals worked slightly more overtime than did nurses in nonunionized hospitals. Hospitals varied dramatically in their overtime use. That some categories of hospitals (e.g., government-owned) used little overtime indicates that hospital management can find substitutes for overtime to meet fluctuating staffing needs. The finding that hospitals with similar characteristics varied greatly in their number of overtime hours also supported this conclusion.

29 CFR 778.105 - Determining the workweek.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... or different workweeks may be established for different employees or groups of employees. Once the... permanent and is not designed to evade the overtime requirements of the Act. The proper method of computing...

The effect of quality of overtime work on nurses' mental health and work engagement.

PubMed

Watanabe, Mayumi; Yamauchi, Keita

2018-04-23

Recent research has suggested that the reasons why nurses work overtime hours exert differential effects on the overall impact of the work. This study aimed to clarify why nurses work overtime, and whether well-being effects differed by reason, at both the ward and individual level. Participants were 1,075 permanent nurses from 54 wards. Overtime reasons' distribution and impact on nurses were examined by a multilevel structural equation modelling approach. Nurses typically worked overtime due to a pressure to conform, high workload and to enhance self-development. Involuntary overtime work demonstrated a detrimental effect on mental health and work engagement at both the ward and individual level, whereas voluntary overtime work exerted a beneficial effect on well-being. The distribution and impact of overtime work differed by the reasons for working the overtime. These results suggest the importance of assessing the reasons for overtime, aside from the length of overtime hours. When trying to reduce overtime work, hospital managers and nurse managers need to advance the plan by ward as a whole, and also carefully assess the reasons for overtime. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

29 CFR 794.121 - Exclusion of excise taxes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 7(b)(3) of the Act Annual Gross Volume of Sales § 794.121 Exclusion of excise taxes. The computation of the annual gross volume of sales of the enterprise for... excise taxes which are included in the sales price may be excluded in computing the annual gross volume...

5 CFR 550.707 - Computation of severance pay fund.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... hours in the employee's basic work schedule (excluding overtime hours) varies during the year because of part-time work requirements, compute the weekly average of those hours and multiply that average by the... differential pay under 5 U.S.C. 5343(f) varies from week to week under a regularly recurring cycle of work...

State mandatory overtime regulations and newly licensed nurses' mandatory and voluntary overtime and total work hours.

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui; Brewer, Carol S; Kovner, Christine T

2012-01-01

Nurse overtime has been used to handle normal variations in patient census and to control chronic understaffing. By 2010, 16 states had regulations to limit nurse overtime. We examined mandatory overtime regulations and their association with mandatory and voluntary overtime and total hours worked by newly licensed registered nurses (NLRNs). For this secondary data analysis, we used a panel survey of NLRNs; the final dataset consisted of 1,706 NLRNs. Nurses working in states that instituted overtime regulations after 2003 or in states that restricted any type of mandatory overtime had a lower probability of experiencing mandatory overtime than those nurses working in states without regulations. Nurses who worked in states with mandatory overtime regulations reported fewer total hours worked per week. The findings of this study provided insight into how mandatory overtime regulations were related to nurse mandatory and voluntary overtime and the total number of hours worked. Future research should investigate institutions' compliance with regulations and the impact of regulations on nurse and patient outcomes. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Association of Nursing Overtime, Nurse Staffing, and Unit Occupancy with Health Care-Associated Infections in the NICU.

PubMed

Beltempo, Marc; Blais, Régis; Lacroix, Guy; Cabot, Michèle; Piedboeuf, Bruno

2017-08-01

Objective  This study aims to assess the association of nursing overtime, nurse staffing, and unit occupancy with health care-associated infections (HCAIs) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Study Design  A 2-year retrospective cohort study was conducted for 2,236 infants admitted in a Canadian tertiary care, 51-bed NICU. Daily administrative data were obtained from the database "Logibec" and combined to the patient outcomes database. Median values for the nursing overtime hours/total hours worked ratio, the available to recommended nurse staffing ratio, and the unit occupancy rate over 3-day periods before HCAI were compared with days that did not precede infections. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) that control for the latter factors and unit risk factors were also computed. Results  A total of 122 (5%) infants developed a HCAI. The odds of having HCAI were higher on days that were preceded by a high nursing overtime ratio (aOR, 1.70; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.05-2.75, quartile [Q]4 vs. Q1). High unit occupancy rates were not associated with increased odds of infection (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.47-1.51, Q4 vs. Q1) nor were higher available/recommended nurse ratios (aOR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.67-1.99, Q4 vs. Q1). Conclusion  Nursing overtime is associated with higher odds of HCAI in the NICU. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Trends in nurse overtime, 1995-2002.

PubMed

Berney, Barbara; Needleman, Jack

2005-08-01

Nurses and their advocates have expressed concern about increasing use of overtime in hospitals, but systematic data on trends in the amount of overtime worked by nurses has been lacking. Using data on New York hospitals, we find that overtime increased 51% between 1995 and 2002, from 3.9% of total hours to 5.9%. Most of the increase occurred after 1997, and the rate of overtime use leveled out from 2001 to 2002. Overtime increased more in nongovernment unionized hospitals and nonteaching hospitals, but the wide variation in changes in overtime suggests there is substantial management discretion in using overtime to address fluctuations in census and staffing.

Overtime and psychological well-being among Chinese office workers.

PubMed

Houdmont, J; Zhou, J; Hassard, J

2011-06-01

Research on the relationship between overtime and psychological well-being, and workers' perceptions of the factors that determine overtime, has been conducted exclusively in the Western cultural context. To examine whether existing theory and evidence can be applied to a non-Western cultural setting by investigating the constructs among a sample of office workers drawn from a Chinese branch of an international information and communication technology company. Data were collected from 130 full-time employees on overtime hours worked, psychological well-being, and four variables identified by participants as being important determinants of overtime: job demands, intrinsic motivation, anticipated rewards, and overtime work culture. T-tests and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between variables. All study participants had worked overtime in the previous 6 months period; the mean weekly overtime rate was 14.2 h. High overtime employees demonstrated significantly lower levels of psychological well-being than those who worked low levels of overtime. In combination, the four reasons for working overtime predicted approximately one-fifth of the variance in overtime hours worked, suggesting that knowledge of these variables could be used by practitioners to predict the amount of overtime in which workers are likely to engage. The findings suggest that existing theory and evidence may apply beyond the individualist cultural context. The findings might usefully inform the organization of work in collectivist cultures and the implementation of multinational operations in these cultures.

29 CFR 794.124 - Computations on a fiscal year basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 7(b)(3) of the Act Annual Gross Volume of Sales § 794.124 Computations on a fiscal year basis. Some enterprises operate on a fiscal year, consisting of an annual period different from the calendar year, for income tax or sales or other accounting...

29 CFR 794.124 - Computations on a fiscal year basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Computations on a fiscal year basis. 794.124 Section 794.124 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS PARTIAL OVERTIME EXEMPTION FOR EMPLOYEES OF WHOLESALE OR BULK PETROLEUM...

29 CFR 794.124 - Computations on a fiscal year basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Computations on a fiscal year basis. 794.124 Section 794.124 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS PARTIAL OVERTIME EXEMPTION FOR EMPLOYEES OF WHOLESALE OR BULK PETROLEUM...

29 CFR 794.124 - Computations on a fiscal year basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Computations on a fiscal year basis. 794.124 Section 794.124 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS PARTIAL OVERTIME EXEMPTION FOR EMPLOYEES OF WHOLESALE OR BULK PETROLEUM...

29 CFR 794.124 - Computations on a fiscal year basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Computations on a fiscal year basis. 794.124 Section 794.124 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS PARTIAL OVERTIME EXEMPTION FOR EMPLOYEES OF WHOLESALE OR BULK PETROLEUM...

46 CFR 9.12 - Travel status overtime.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Travel status overtime. 9.12 Section 9.12 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY PROCEDURES APPLICABLE TO THE PUBLIC EXTRA COMPENSATION FOR OVERTIME SERVICES § 9.12 Travel status overtime. When employees are in travel status, overtime shall apply...

The "Goldilocks model" of overtime in construction: not too much, not too little, but just right.

PubMed

Goldenhar, Linda M; Hecker, Steven; Moir, Susan; Rosecrance, John

2003-01-01

Little research exists on the relationship between working overtime and possible adverse health and safety outcomes for construction workers. Five focus-group discussions were conducted with construction workers from around the United States. From the analyzed transcripts, a model of overtime was developed. The model includes three dominant themes: (1) work organization issues [(a) definitions of overtime, (b) scheduling, and (c) economic conditions], (2) why workers choose to work overtime [(a) management expectations, (b) career, and (c) money], and (3) the effects of working overtime [(a) health and safety, including sleep deprivation, injury, fatigue, and stress, and (b) productivity]. Health and safety is only one of the adverse outcomes related to working too much overtime. A list of worker-inspired recommendations for addressing overtime issues is provided. Both employers and workers need to better understand the potential adverse effects of working too much overtime.

Overtime work, cigarette consumption, and addiction to cigarette among workers subject to mild smoking restrictions.

PubMed

Mizoue, Tetsuya; Fujino, Yoshihisa; Yamato, Hiroshi; Tokunaga, Shoji; Kubo, Tatsuhiko; Reijula, Kari

2006-04-01

The goal of the present study was to investigate the relation of hours of overtime work to cigarette consumption and addiction to cigarette, which was measured by the heaviness of smoking index. The subjects were 571 male daily smokers who responded to a cross-sectional survey of municipal employees of a Japanese city office, in which smoking was permitted in designated areas. Those who engaged in moderate overtime work (10-29 h per month) consumed less number of cigarettes per day and had lower levels of heaviness of smoking index, compared with those who worked either shorter or longer hours of overtime, although the differences were not statistically significant. In the workplace, men who worked 50 h or longer overtime last month consumed, on average, 4 cigarettes more than men who worked less than 30 h of overtime. Home cigarette consumption decreased as hours of overtime work increased. In stratified analysis, there was a significant difference in daily cigarette consumption according to hours of overtime work among smokers in staff position or under low psychological work stress; showing reduced consumption associated with medium levels of overtime work, compared to either no overtime work or extended overtime hours. The U-shaped relations of hours of overtime work to overall cigarette consumption and addiction to smoking deserve further investigations.

5 CFR 532.503 - Overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Overtime pay. 532.503 Section 532.503... Pay and Differentials § 532.503 Overtime pay. (a)(1) Employees who are exempt from the overtime pay provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, shall be paid overtime pay in accordance with...

29 CFR 553.232 - Overtime pay requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Overtime pay requirements. 553.232 Section 553.232 Labor... Enforcement Employees of Public Agencies Overtime Compensation Rules § 553.232 Overtime pay requirements. If a public agency pays employees subject to section 7(k) for overtime hours worked in cash wages rather than...

Effects of personality on overtime work: a cross-sectional pilot study among Japanese white-collar workers.

PubMed

Uchida, Mitsuo; Kaneko, Minoru; Kawa, Shigeyuki

2014-03-27

As detailed associations between personality and long work hours are unclear, we assessed associations between personality dimensions and overtime work among Japanese white-collar workers. From records of hours worked over 12 months by 267 office workers in an organization within the service industry, average overtime work hours per month and occurrence of excessive overtime was determined for each worker. Excessive overtime was defined as >  45 overtime work hours per month for at least one month. Responses to a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic and workplace-related factors and the Big Five personality test were analyzed. Associations between personality factors and overtime work were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Low Extraversion was associated with excessive overtime work (OR 2.02, 95%CI 1.02 - 4.02, P =  0.04). It is suggested that workers with low Extraversion can't share work when busy to avoid excessive overtime. Personality factors should be considered in studies evaluating work time. Moreover, strengthening communication among workers with low Extraversion may reduce excessive overtime work and associated health problems.

[Stress management for office workers].

PubMed

Hayashi, Takeshi

2002-09-01

The environment which surrounds office workers has undergone a big transformation with the collapse of lifetime employment, the shift from the long employment principle to meritocracy, the results principle, the introduction of flexible work hours, outsourcing and dispatch work. Today's office worker stressor include 1. VDT work, 2. meritocracy, 3. management by objective, 4. excessive load on the middle and advanced age generations, 5. the collapse of the lifetime employment system and 6. non-employee changes. (1) VDT work management, (2) the use of Information technology, (3) Improvement of office environments, (4) Management of long overtime work and (5) Support of superiors and colleagues are thought as stress management.

Mandatory overtime regulations and nurse overtime.

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui; Brewer, Carol

2010-05-01

A descriptive study used data from the 2004 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses to examine the nature and occurrence of RN mandatory, voluntary overtime, paid on-call, and total work hours and their association with mandatory overtime regulations in United States. About half of the nurses worked more than 40 hrs per week. Nurses working in states regulating mandatory overtime reported lower levels of mandatory overtime hours than states without regulations or states restricting total work hours. The percent of RNs working 61 hrs and over per week in states without regulations was lower than that in states with regulations. Nurses working in nursing homes reported higher levels of the percentage of mandatory overtime hours worked than those working in hospitals. This suggested that governments need to continuously supervise healthcare institutions, including both hospitals and nursing homes, to ensure adherence to mandatory overtime regulations.

A concept analysis of nursing overtime.

PubMed

Lobo, Vanessa M; Fisher, Anita; Ploeg, Jenny; Peachey, Gladys; Akhtar-Danesh, Noori

2013-11-01

To report a concept analysis of nursing overtime. Economic constraints have resulted in hospital restructuring with the aim of reducing costs. These processes often target nurse staffing (the largest organizational expense) by increasing usage of alternative staffing strategies including overtime hours. Overtime is a multifaceted, poorly defined, and indiscriminately used concept. Analysis of nursing overtime is an important step towards development and propagation of appropriate staffing strategies and rigorous research. Concept analysis. The search of electronic literature included indexes, grey literature, dictionaries, policy statements, contracts, glossaries and ancestry searching. Sources included were published between 1993-2012; dates were chosen in relation to increases in overtime hours used as a result of the healthcare structuring in the early 1990s. Approximately 65 documents met the inclusion criteria. Walker and Avant's methodology guided the analysis. Nursing overtime can be defined by four attributes: perception of choice or control over overtime hours worked; rewards or lack thereof; time off duty counts equally as much as time on duty; and disruption due to a lack of preparation. Antecedents of overtime arise from societal, organizational, and individual levels. The consequences of nursing overtime can be positive and negative, affecting organizations, nurses, and the patients they care for. This concept analysis clarifies the intricacies surrounding nursing overtime with recommendations to advance nursing research, practice, and policies. A nursing-specific middle-range theory was proposed to guide the understanding and study of nursing overtime. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Trends and costs of overtime among nurses in Canada.

PubMed

Drebit, Sharla; Ngan, Karen; Hay, Mande; Alamgir, Hasanat

2010-06-01

To examine the regular and overtime working hours of Registered Nurses in acute care and their associated costs by employment status (full time, part time, casual) and department over a 4-year period. Data were extracted for 2005-2008 from one health region's payroll database for Registered Nurses in acute care in British Columbia, Canada. Regular and overtime hours by employment status and department were plotted over time and tested using simple linear regression. Regular and overtime wage costs were calculated at the individual level using the employee's wage rate and stratified by year, gender, age, employment status and department. Full time Registered Nurses are working an increasing amount of overtime hours each year. Full time nurses in Emergency, Intensive Care and General Medical departments are working the highest proportion of overtime hours per total hours and consequently, contributing the highest proportion of overtime costs. Efforts to lighten the burden of overtime should be focused at the department level. Creating more full time positions out of overtime hours may be one solution to alleviate this burden of overtime and to assuage the nursing shortage in Canada. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects of personality on overtime work: a cross-sectional pilot study among Japanese white-collar workers

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background As detailed associations between personality and long work hours are unclear, we assessed associations between personality dimensions and overtime work among Japanese white-collar workers. Methods From records of hours worked over 12 months by 267 office workers in an organization within the service industry, average overtime work hours per month and occurrence of excessive overtime was determined for each worker. Excessive overtime was defined as >  45 overtime work hours per month for at least one month. Responses to a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic and workplace-related factors and the Big Five personality test were analyzed. Associations between personality factors and overtime work were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Low Extraversion was associated with excessive overtime work (OR 2.02, 95%CI 1.02 – 4.02, P =  0.04). Conclusions It is suggested that workers with low Extraversion can’t share work when busy to avoid excessive overtime. Personality factors should be considered in studies evaluating work time. Moreover, strengthening communication among workers with low Extraversion may reduce excessive overtime work and associated health problems. PMID:24670102

Nurse overtime, working conditions, and the presence of mandatory nurse overtime regulations.

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui

2012-05-01

Although more states have regulated mandatory nurse overtime, limited research has examined the impact of these regulations on the actual time nurses work and their working conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare nurse overtime and working conditions between states with and states without regulations limiting mandatory nurse overtime. Data were collected from registered nurses working in hospitals located in states with and without mandatory nurse overtime regulations; the final sample consisted of 219 nurses. No difference was found in overtime worked between nurses who worked in states with regulations or without. Those nurses working in states with regulations cared for more patients per shift and experienced more chronic nursing shortages on their nursing units than those working in states without regulation. Continuous efforts are needed to improve the implementation of regulations to reduce nurse mandatory overtime and long work hours. Copyright 2012, SLACK Incorporated.

Presence of nurse mandatory overtime regulations and nurse and patient outcomes.

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui

2013-01-01

Working overtime among nurses is a prevalent practice used to control chronic understaffing and a common method used to handle normal variations in the patient census. The underlining mechanism of the relationship of nurse overtime to nurse injuries and adverse patient events is that when nurses work overtime or long hours, it contributes to nurses' fatigue and sleep so their alertness and vigilance are impaired in both their regular shift and overtime shift. The associations between mandatory overtime regulations and nurse and patient outcomes were examined among a sample of 173 nurses in North Carolina and West Virginia. Findings indicated mandatory nurse overtime regulation did not have any association with nurse injuries. There were statistically significant associations found between the regulations and adverse patient events. However, these associations should be interpreted with caution because the regulations were not related to nurse overtime or long work hours.

29 CFR 548.400 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... represented by a collective bargaining agent, a joint application of the employer and the bargaining agent... ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Rates Authorized on Application § 548.400... immediately preceding 4-week period, he should apply to the Administrator for authorization. The application...

Investigating the associations among overtime work, health behaviors, and health: a longitudinal study among full-time employees.

PubMed

Taris, Toon W; Ybema, Jan Fekke; Beckers, Debby G J; Verheijden, Marieke W; Geurts, Sabine A E; Kompier, Michiel A J

2011-12-01

It has often been suggested that high levels of overtime lead to adverse health outcomes. One mechanism that may account for this association is that working overtime leads to elevated levels of stress, which could affect worker's behavioral decisions or habits (such as smoking and lack of physical activity). In turn, this could lead to adverse health. The present study examined this reasoning in a prospective longitudinal design. Data from the prospective 2-year Study on Health at Work (N = 649) were used to test our hypotheses. Structural equation analysis was used to examine the relationships among overtime, beneficial (exercising, intake of fruit and vegetables) and risky (smoking and drinking) health behaviors, and health indicators (BMI and subjective health). Working overtime was longitudinally related with adverse subjective health, but not with body mass. Moreover, working overtime was associated with lower levels of physical activity and intake of fruit and vegetables, but not with smoking and drinking. Finally, higher levels of risky and lower levels of beneficial health behaviors were longitudinally associated with ill health. The relation between overtime and ill health is partly accounted for by the unhealthy lifestyle in which overworkers tend to engage. However, a direct longitudinal effect of overtime on health suggested that the effects of overtime on health may also partly be due to the sustained physiological activation that results from working overtime. Whereas working a moderate amount of overtime does not usually entail major health risks, these will increase with increasing overtime.

[Relationship between employees' management factor of visual display terminal (VDT) work time and 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) at one Japanese IT company's computer worksite].

PubMed

Sugimura, Hisamichi; Horiguchi, Itsuko; Shimizu, Takashi; Marui, Eiji

2007-09-01

We studied 1365 male workers at a Japanese computer worksite in 2004 to determine the relationship between employees' time management factor of visual display terminal (VDT) work and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) score. We developed questionnaires concerning age, management factor of VDT work time (total daily VDT work time, duration of continuous work), other work-related conditions (commuting time, job rank, type of job, hours of monthly overtime), lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, having breakfast, sleeping hours), and the Japanese version of 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of the high-GHQ groups (>6.0) associated with age and the time management factor of VDT work. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated lower ORs for certain groups: workers older than 50 years old had significantly a lower OR than those younger than 30 years old; workers sleeping less than 6 h showed a lower OR than those sleeping more than 6 h. In contrast, significantly higher ORs were shown for workers with continuous work durations of more than 3 h compared with those with less than 1 h, those with more than 25 h/mo overtime compared with those with less, those doing VDT work of more than 7.5 h/day compared with those doing less than 4.5 h/day, and those with more than 25 h/mo of overtime compared with those with less. Male Japanese computer workers' GHQ scores are significantly associated with time management factors of VDT work.

[A project to ameliorate nurses working overtime in psychiatry ward].

PubMed

Feng, Yuen-Hsiang; Li, Hsiu-Chen; Fang, Mao-So

2009-12-01

The authors found nurses working in psychiatry wards were frequently required to work overtime, with average overtime measuring 85 minutes. After analysis, we found main factors leading to overtime to be late new patient admissions, tardy ward inspections by attending physicians, failure to implement workplace regulations, failure by nurses to implement proper shift transfer procedures, and meeting-related delays. This paper proposes an approach by which average overtime for psychiatry ward nurses may be reduced from 85 to 30 minutes. Based on findings, the researchers adjusted the schedule for ward visits by attending physicians, updated and streamlined workplace regulations, ensured administrative procedures were precisely followed, and updated and streamlined standing orders. Average overtime was reduced from 85 to 25 minutes. This research facilitated a reduction in the amount of overtime registered by nurses.

The Potential Misuse of Overtime.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Lloyd S.; Beccia, Philip J.

1980-01-01

Offices using more overtime were less productive and were growing in staff size. Overtime was negatively related to satisfaction with job and pay, thus neither productive nor motivational. Implications for a general policy of overtime use on a productivity rather than a need basis are discussed. (Author)

Sleep patterns of offshore day-workers in relation to overtime work and age.

PubMed

Parkes, Katharine R

2015-05-01

In addition to long contractual hours during offshore weeks (14 × 12 h shifts), many personnel on North Sea oil/gas installations also work overtime, but little is known about the implications of overtime for sleep patterns offshore. In this study, the additive and interactive effects of overtime and age were analysed as predictors of sleep duration and sleep quality among offshore day-workers (N = 551), 54% of whom reported overtime. Sleep duration and quality were impaired among personnel who worked overtime, relative to those who worked only standard shifts; there was also an inverse dose-response relationship between overtime hours and sleep duration. Although the sleep measures were more favourable during shore leave than during offshore weeks, there was little evidence of compensatory sleep patterns. These findings are discussed with reference to known performance and health effects of short sleep hours; formal guidance on overtime work offshore is noted; and methodological issues are considered. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.

Overtime work and stress response in a group of Japanese workers.

PubMed

Sato, Yuji; Miyake, Hitoshi; Thériault, Gilles

2009-01-01

Working long overtime hours is considered a cause of mental health problems among workers but such a relationship has yet to be empirically confirmed. To clarify the influence of overtime work on response to stress and to assess the role of other stress-related factors on this relationship. The study was conducted among 24 685 employees of a company in Japan. Stress response, job stressors and social supports were assessed by the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. Participants were divided into five categories of overtime (0-19, 20-39, 40-59, >or=60 h of overtime per month and exempted employees). The nonadjusted odds ratios for stress response for 40-59 and >or=60 overtime hours per month in reference to 0-19 overtime hours were 1.11 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.19] and 1.62 (95% CI 1.50-1.76), respectively. After adjustment for self-assessed amount of work, mental workload and sleeping time, the association between overtime work and stress response disappeared. This large cross-sectional study shows that overtime work appears to influence stress response indirectly through other stress factors such as self-assessed amount of work, mental workload and sleeping time.

28 CFR 0.145 - Overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Overtime pay. 0.145 Section 0.145... Respect to Personnel and Certain Administrative Matters § 0.145 Overtime pay. The Director of the Federal... Attorney General may prescribe, authorize overtime pay (including additional compensation in lieu of...

Working overtime in community mental health: Associations with clinician burnout and perceived quality of care.

PubMed

Luther, Lauren; Gearhart, Timothy; Fukui, Sadaaki; Morse, Gary; Rollins, Angela L; Salyers, Michelle P

2017-06-01

Funding cuts have increased job demands and threatened clinicians' ability to provide high-quality, person-centered care. One response to increased job demands is for clinicians to work more than their official scheduled work hours (i.e., overtime). We sought to examine the frequency of working overtime and its relationships with job characteristics, work-related outcomes, and quality of care in community health clinicians. One hundred eighty-two clinicians completed demographic and job characteristics questions and measures of burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intention, work-life conflict, and perceived quality of care. Clinicians also reported the importance of reducing stress and their confidence in reducing their stress. Clinicians who reported working overtime were compared to clinicians that did not on demographic and job characteristics and work-related outcomes. Ninety-four clinicians (52%) reported working overtime in a typical week. Controlling for exempt status and group differences in time spent supervising others, those working overtime reported significantly increased burnout and work-life conflict and significantly lower job satisfaction and quality of care than those not working overtime. Clinicians working overtime also reported significantly greater importance in reducing stress but less confidence in their ability to reduce stress than those not working overtime. There were no significant group differences for turnover intention. Working overtime is associated with negative consequences for clinician-related work outcomes and perceived quality of care. Policies and interventions aimed at reducing overtime and work-related stress and burnout may be warranted in order to improve quality of care. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Working Overtime in Community Mental Health: Associations with Clinician Burnout and Perceived Quality of Care

PubMed Central

Luther, Lauren; Gearhart, Timothy; Fukui, Sadaaki; Morse, Gary; Rollins, Angela L.; Salyers, Michelle P.

2017-01-01

Objective Funding cuts have increased job demands and threatened clinicians’ ability to provide high-quality, person-centered care. One response to increased job demands is for clinicians to work more than their official scheduled work hours (i.e., overtime). We sought to examine the frequency of working overtime and its relationships with job characteristics, work-related outcomes, and quality of care in community health clinicians. Methods One hundred and eighty-two clinicians completed demographic and job characteristics questions and measures of burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intention, work-life conflict, and perceived quality of care. Clinicians also reported the importance of reducing stress and their confidence in reducing their stress. Clinicians who reported working overtime were compared to clinicians that did not on demographic and job characteristics and work-related outcomes. Results Ninety-four clinicians (52%) reported working overtime in a typical week. Controlling for exempt status and group differences in time spent supervising others, those working overtime reported significantly increased burnout and work-life conflict and significantly lower job satisfaction and quality of care than those not working overtime. Clinicians working overtime also reported significantly greater importance in reducing stress but less confidence in their ability to reduce stress than those not working overtime. There were no significant group differences for turnover intention. Conclusions and Implications for Practice Working overtime is associated with negative consequences for clinician-related work outcomes and perceived quality of care. Policies and interventions aimed at reducing overtime and work-related stress and burnout may be warranted in order to improve quality of care. PMID:27786520

29 CFR 553.26 - Cash overtime payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...)-Compensatory Time and Compensatory Time Off § 553.26 Cash overtime payments. (a) Overtime compensation due under section 7 may be paid in cash at the employer's option, in lieu of providing compensatory time off... from freely substituting cash, in whole or part, for compensatory time off; and overtime payment in...

29 CFR 553.26 - Cash overtime payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...)-Compensatory Time and Compensatory Time Off § 553.26 Cash overtime payments. (a) Overtime compensation due under section 7 may be paid in cash at the employer's option, in lieu of providing compensatory time off... from freely substituting cash, in whole or part, for compensatory time off; and overtime payment in...

29 CFR 778.603 - Special overtime provisions for certain employees receiving remedial education under section 7(q).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Special overtime provisions for certain employees receiving remedial education under section 7(q). 778.603 Section 778.603 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor... DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS OVERTIME COMPENSATION Miscellaneous § 778.603 Special overtime provisions...

Age, overtime, and employee health, safety and productivity outcomes: a case study.

PubMed

Allen, Harris; Woock, Christopher; Barrington, Linda; Bunn, William

2008-08-01

To expand a study of the impact of overtime on employee health, safety, and productivity outcomes, previously reported in this journal, with tests comparing older versus younger workers on these relationships. Secondary analyses of a longitudinal panel (n = 2746) representing workers at US sites for a heavy manufacturer during 2001 to 2002. Structural equation techniques were used to assess two hypotheses in the context of multiple group models positing the prediction of a broad set of employee outcomes using a three-step causal sequence. One set of models compared overtime impact for three age groups (<45, 45 to 49, 50+) at the aggregate level. Two others compared overtime impact for the three age groups by compensation type (hourly vs salaried). Advancing age was linked to greater rates of adverse consequences as a function of overtime (hypothesis #1), but these increases were largely confined to hourly employees working extended overtime (averaging 60+ hours per week) and occurred on only four of the nine study outcomes. With respect to moderate overtime (48.01 to 59.99 hours) and to variables reflecting the possible impact of past overtime (eg, prior disability episodes), increases in age among hourly employees did not lead to stronger associations between overtime and adverse outcomes on most tests and in fact in many cases were linked to decrements in these associations (hypothesis #2). Salaried employees recorded no greater linkages between overtime and adverse outcomes with advancing age across all tests involving hypothesized overtime effects or "possibly a function of overtime" effects. The results support the proposition that, when employees work overtime, adverse outcomes--and indirect costs--do not increase with advancing age in any kind of wholesale fashion. Where rates of adverse outcomes do increase, they are confined to certain subgroups of employees doing certain types of work and occur on certain dimensions at certain levels of longer work hours. It is argued that carefully calibrated approaches vis-à-vis older workers are needed to maximize employer capacity to address the unique challenges posed by this increasingly important portion of the workforce.

5 CFR 550.183 - Substantial hours requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....184. This average is computed by dividing the total unscheduled duty hours for the annual period... workday means each day in the criminal investigator's basic workweek during which the investigator works at least 4 hours, excluding— (1) Overtime hours compensated under 5 U.S.C. 5542 and § 550.111; (2...

29 CFR 548.200 - Requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Requirements. 548.200 Section 548.200 Labor Regulations... ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Requirements for A Basic Rate § 548.200 Requirements. The following conditions must be satisfied if a “basic” rate is to be considered proper under...

29 CFR 548.200 - Requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Requirements. 548.200 Section 548.200 Labor Regulations... ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Requirements for A Basic Rate § 548.200 Requirements. The following conditions must be satisfied if a “basic” rate is to be considered proper under...

29 CFR 548.200 - Requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Requirements. 548.200 Section 548.200 Labor Regulations... ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Requirements for A Basic Rate § 548.200 Requirements. The following conditions must be satisfied if a “basic” rate is to be considered proper under...

29 CFR 5.32 - Overtime payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... THE CONTRACT WORK HOURS AND SAFETY STANDARDS ACT) Interpretation of the Fringe Benefits Provisions of... Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, and the Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act whenever the... computed on a regular or basic rate of $3.00 an hour. However, in some cases a question of fact may be...

29 CFR 5.32 - Overtime payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... THE CONTRACT WORK HOURS AND SAFETY STANDARDS ACT) Interpretation of the Fringe Benefits Provisions of... Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, and the Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act whenever the... computed on a regular or basic rate of $3.00 an hour. However, in some cases a question of fact may be...

American Organization of Nurse Executives Care Innovation and Transformation program: improving care and practice environments.

PubMed

Oberlies, Amanda Stefancyk

2014-09-01

The American Organization of Nurse Executives conducted an evaluation of the hospitals participating in the Care Innovation and Transformation (CIT) program. A total of 24 hospitals participated in the 2-year CIT program from 2012 to 2013. Reported outcomes include increased patient satisfaction, decreased falls, and reductions in nurse turnover and overtime. Nurses reported statistically significant improvements in 4 domains of the principles and elements of a healthful practice environment developed by the Nursing Organizations Alliance.

19 CFR 24.16 - Overtime services; overtime compensation and premium pay for Customs Officers; rate of compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... the officer to return to a place of work. (5) “Commute compensation” means the compensation which a... certain conditions, to perform an overtime work assignment. Commute compensation, within the limits... maximum, in effect for the year involved, in overtime and premium pay a Customs Officer shall receive in...

19 CFR 24.16 - Overtime services; overtime compensation and premium pay for Customs Officers; rate of compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... the officer to return to a place of work. (5) “Commute compensation” means the compensation which a... certain conditions, to perform an overtime work assignment. Commute compensation, within the limits... maximum, in effect for the year involved, in overtime and premium pay a Customs Officer shall receive in...

19 CFR 24.16 - Overtime services; overtime compensation and premium pay for Customs Officers; rate of compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... the officer to return to a place of work. (5) “Commute compensation” means the compensation which a... certain conditions, to perform an overtime work assignment. Commute compensation, within the limits... maximum, in effect for the year involved, in overtime and premium pay a Customs Officer shall receive in...

19 CFR 24.16 - Overtime services; overtime compensation and premium pay for Customs Officers; rate of compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... the officer to return to a place of work. (5) “Commute compensation” means the compensation which a... certain conditions, to perform an overtime work assignment. Commute compensation, within the limits... maximum, in effect for the year involved, in overtime and premium pay a Customs Officer shall receive in...

19 CFR 24.16 - Overtime services; overtime compensation and premium pay for Customs Officers; rate of compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... the officer to return to a place of work. (5) “Commute compensation” means the compensation which a... certain conditions, to perform an overtime work assignment. Commute compensation, within the limits... maximum, in effect for the year involved, in overtime and premium pay a Customs Officer shall receive in...

29 CFR 4.180 - Overtime pay-in general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Overtime pay-in general. 4.180 Section 4.180 Labor Office of... Pay of Covered Employees § 4.180 Overtime pay—in general. The Act does not provide for compensation of... follows: “In determining any overtime pay to which such service employees are entitled under any Federal...

9 CFR 97.1 - Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Overtime work at laboratories, border... POULTRY) AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS OVERTIME SERVICES RELATING TO IMPORTS AND EXPORTS § 97.1 Overtime work at... inspection as a consequence of the operation of the aircraft, for work performed outside of the regularly...

Operating room scheduling using hybrid clustering priority rule and genetic algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santoso, Linda Wahyuni; Sinawan, Aisyah Ashrinawati; Wijaya, Andi Rahadiyan; Sudiarso, Andi; Masruroh, Nur Aini; Herliansyah, Muhammad Kusumawan

2017-11-01

Operating room is a bottleneck resource in most hospitals so that operating room scheduling system will influence the whole performance of the hospitals. This research develops a mathematical model of operating room scheduling for elective patients which considers patient priority with limit number of surgeons, operating rooms, and nurse team. Clustering analysis was conducted to the data of surgery durations using hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods. The priority rule of each resulting cluster was determined using Shortest Processing Time method. Genetic Algorithm was used to generate daily operating room schedule which resulted in the lowest values of patient waiting time and nurse overtime. The computational results show that this proposed model reduced patient waiting time by approximately 32.22% and nurse overtime by approximately 32.74% when compared to actual schedule.

29 CFR 778.311 - Flat rate for special job performed in overtime hours.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Flat rate for special job performed in overtime hours. 778... COMPENSATION Special Problems Lump Sum Attributed to Overtime § 778.311 Flat rate for special job performed in... paid a flat rate for a special job performed during overtime hours, without regard to the time actually...

Impact of nursing overtime on nurse-sensitive patient outcomes in New York hospitals, 1995-2000.

PubMed

Berney, Barbara; Needleman, Jack

2006-05-01

During the past several years, nurses and their advocates have expressed concern about heavy use of overtime in hospitals and claimed that it undermines the quality of nursing care. Using staffing and discharge data covering 1995 to 2000 from 161 acute general hospitals in New York State, this study uses multi variate regression to analyze the relationship between overtime and the rates of six nurse-sensitive patient outcomes and mortality. We find an association of overtime with lower rates of mortality in medical and surgical patients but do not consider these findings definitive. Because overtime use is episodic and unit specific, further study of these issues using data that examines the occurrence of adverse events by unit during periods of heavy nurse overtime is recommended.

48 CFR 970.2201-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-2 Overtime management. ...

48 CFR 970.2201-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-2 Overtime management. ...

48 CFR 970.2201-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-2 Overtime management. ...

48 CFR 970.2201-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-2 Overtime management. ...

48 CFR 970.2201-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-2 Overtime management. ...

5 CFR 550.1305 - Treatment as basic pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... within the regular tour of duty, but outside the basic 40-hour workweek, is basic pay only for the... hours that are part of a firefighter's regular tour of duty (as computed under § 550.1303) and the... overtime pay for hours in a firefighter's regular tour of duty is derived by multiplying the applicable...

29 CFR 548.302 - Average earnings for period other than a workweek.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Average earnings for period other than a workweek. 548.302... LABOR REGULATIONS AUTHORIZATION OF ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548.302 Average earnings for period other than a workweek. (a) Section 548.3(b...

Buffering effects of job resources on the association of overtime work hours with psychological distress in Japanese white-collar workers.

PubMed

Hino, Ayako; Inoue, Akiomi; Kawakami, Norito; Tsuno, Kanami; Tomioka, Kimiko; Nakanishi, Mayuko; Mafune, Kosuke; Hiro, Hisanori

2015-07-01

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the buffering effects of job resources, utilizing the job demands-control (or demand-control-support) and effort-reward imbalance models (i.e., job control, workplace social support, and extrinsic reward), on the association of overtime work hours with psychological distress in Japanese employees. A total of 1,198 participants (valid response rate = 93.7 %) from five branches of a manufacturing company in Japan completed a self-administered questionnaire comprising the scales assessing job resources, psychological distress, and demographic characteristics. We obtained the information on working hours in the most recent month from the personnel records of the surveyed company. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. In a series of analyses, interaction term of overtime work hours with each job resource was included in the model. Significant interaction effect of overtime work hours with job control was observed. Among the low job control group, the long overtime (80 h or more) subgroup had a significantly higher prevalence odds ratio of psychological distress compared to the short overtime (44 h or less) subgroup. No significant association of overtime work hours with psychological distress was found among the high job control group. On the other hand, there was no significant interaction effect of overtime work hours with workplace social support or extrinsic reward. The present findings suggest that high job control has an effect on reducing psychological distress in relation to overtime work hours in Japanese employees.

Impact of States’ Nurse Work Hour Regulations on Overtime Practices and Work Hours among Registered Nurses

PubMed Central

Bae, Sung-Heui; Yoon, Jangho

2014-01-01

Objectives To examine the degree to which states’ work hour regulations for nurses—policies regarding mandatory overtime and consecutive work hours—decrease mandatory overtime practice and hours of work among registered nurses. Methods We analyzed a nationally representative sample of registered nurses from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses for years 2004 and 2008. We obtained difference-in-differences estimates of the effect of the nurse work hour policies on the likelihood of working mandatory overtime, working more than 40 hours per week, and working more than 60 hours per week for all staff nurses working in hospitals and nursing homes. Principal Findings The mandatory overtime and consecutive work hour regulations were significantly associated with 3.9 percentage-point decreases in the likelihood of working overtime mandatorily and 11.5 percentage-point decreases in the likelihood of working more than 40 hours per week, respectively. Conclusions State mandatory overtime and consecutive work hour policies are effective in reducing nurse work hours. The consecutive work hour policy appears to be a better regulatory tool for reducing long work hours for nurses. PMID:24779701

Impact of states' nurse work hour regulations on overtime practices and work hours among registered nurses.

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui; Yoon, Jangho

2014-10-01

To examine the degree to which states' work hour regulations for nurses-policies regarding mandatory overtime and consecutive work hours-decrease mandatory overtime practice and hours of work among registered nurses. We analyzed a nationally representative sample of registered nurses from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses for years 2004 and 2008. We obtained difference-in-differences estimates of the effect of the nurse work hour policies on the likelihood of working mandatory overtime, working more than 40 hours per week, and working more than 60 hours per week for all staff nurses working in hospitals and nursing homes. The mandatory overtime and consecutive work hour regulations were significantly associated with 3.9 percentage-point decreases in the likelihood of working overtime mandatorily and 11.5 percentage-point decreases in the likelihood of working more than 40 hours per week, respectively. State mandatory overtime and consecutive work hour policies are effective in reducing nurse work hours. The consecutive work hour policy appears to be a better regulatory tool for reducing long work hours for nurses. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

Report: Management of Overtime Improved at EPA’s Immediate Office of Air and Radiation

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Report #16-P-0111, March 24, 2016. An OAR employee may have incurred unnecessary overtime costs, and incurred improper administrative leave charges, Request for Overtime Authorization forms (EPA Form 2560-7)

Surviving the perfect storm: staff perceptions of mandatory overtime.

PubMed

Jacobsen, Catherine; Holson, Deborah; Farley, Jean; Charles, Jennell; Suel, Patricia

2002-09-01

Historically, mandatory overtime has been used to provide adequate staffing in times of crisis; however, as a result of today's severe nursing shortage, hospitals and other healthcare institutions are more commonly using mandatory overtime as a daily management tool to meet staffing requirements. This practice has created turmoil between management and staff in providing quality healthcare. Nursing literature describing staff nurses' views of overtime is limited. This article offers a description of the environment at the Hospital for Sick Children, a private nonprofit rehabilitation and transitional care pediatric hospital in Washington, DC, and the challenges the hospital faces in staffing the patient care units. This article also reports the results of the hospital's efforts to poll the nursing staff on their opinions regarding both voluntary and mandatory overtime and identifies conditions that influence the nursing staff's decisions and perceptions about overtime. Survey results will be used to modify existing staffing strategies and implement new staffing policies.

Relationship between amount of overtime work and untreated decayed teeth in male financial workers in Japan.

PubMed

Yoshino, Koichi; Suzuki, Seitaro; Ishizuka, Yoichi; Takayanagi, Atsushi; Sugihara, Naoki; Kamijyo, Hideyuki

2017-05-25

Continuous or frequent overtime work has been shown to have harmful effects on human health. Meanwhile, one of the main reasons for tooth loss is caries. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between overtime work and untreated decayed teeth in male financial workers. The participants were recruited by applying screening procedures to a pool of Japanese registrants in an online database. Participants filled out a questionnaire about their oral health, behavior, and working conditions. Participants comprised a total of 951 financial male workers, aged 25-64 years. The likelihood of tooth decay increased with amount of overtime work (p=0.002). After adjusting for age, income, educational background, oral hygiene behavior, snacking behavior, regular dental visitation, bad interpersonal relationships at work, and smoking habit, a multiple logistic regression analysis found that participants with 45-80 h of overtime work (odds ratio [OR], 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-5.33) or over 80 h of overtime work (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.13-7.97) were more likely to have untreated tooth decay. The percentage of participants who gave "too busy with work" as the reason for leaving decayed teeth untreated increased with amount of overtime (p<0.001). These results indicate that overtime work is strongly related to untreated decayed teeth. In addition to oral health education and dental checkups, decreasing stress and decreasing the amount of overtime work may also have a positive effect on oral health in the workplace.

5 CFR 550.112 - Computation of overtime work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... meal time. (1) Bona fide sleep and meal periods may not be considered hours of work, except as provided... a call to duty, the time spent on duty is hours of work. (2) Sleep and meal periods during regularly....C. 5545(c)(1), the amount of bona fide sleep and meal time excluded from hours of work may not...

5 CFR 550.112 - Computation of overtime work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... meal time. (1) Bona fide sleep and meal periods may not be considered hours of work, except as provided... a call to duty, the time spent on duty is hours of work. (2) Sleep and meal periods during regularly....C. 5545(c)(1), the amount of bona fide sleep and meal time excluded from hours of work may not...

29 CFR 548.303 - Average earnings for each type of work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Average earnings for each type of work. 548.303 Section 548... REGULATIONS AUTHORIZATION OF ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548.303 Average earnings for each type of work. (a) Section 548.3(c) authorizes as an...

5 CFR 550.112 - Computation of overtime work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... arrangements for another person to perform any work that may arise during the on-call period. (m) Sleep and meal time. (1) Bona fide sleep and meal periods may not be considered hours of work, except as provided in paragraphs (m)(2), (m)(3), and (m)(4) of this section. If a sleep or meal period is interrupted by...

5 CFR 550.112 - Computation of overtime work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... arrangements for another person to perform any work that may arise during the on-call period. (m) Sleep and meal time. (1) Bona fide sleep and meal periods may not be considered hours of work, except as provided in paragraphs (m)(2), (m)(3), and (m)(4) of this section. If a sleep or meal period is interrupted by...

5 CFR 550.112 - Computation of overtime work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... arrangements for another person to perform any work that may arise during the on-call period. (m) Sleep and meal time. (1) Bona fide sleep and meal periods may not be considered hours of work, except as provided in paragraphs (m)(2), (m)(3), and (m)(4) of this section. If a sleep or meal period is interrupted by...

46 CFR 9.6 - Rate for night service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...., 9 p.m., or later: Provided, That the officer rendering the service remained on duty from 5 p.m., in which case the time between 5 p.m., and the time of beginning the actual service shall be computed as... period. When the overtime extends beyond 5 p.m., payment of extra compensation from 5 p.m. for services...

46 CFR 9.6 - Rate for night service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...., 9 p.m., or later: Provided, That the officer rendering the service remained on duty from 5 p.m., in which case the time between 5 p.m., and the time of beginning the actual service shall be computed as... period. When the overtime extends beyond 5 p.m., payment of extra compensation from 5 p.m. for services...

46 CFR 9.6 - Rate for night service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...., 9 p.m., or later: Provided, That the officer rendering the service remained on duty from 5 p.m., in which case the time between 5 p.m., and the time of beginning the actual service shall be computed as... period. When the overtime extends beyond 5 p.m., payment of extra compensation from 5 p.m. for services...

46 CFR 9.6 - Rate for night service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...., 9 p.m., or later: Provided, That the officer rendering the service remained on duty from 5 p.m., in which case the time between 5 p.m., and the time of beginning the actual service shall be computed as... period. When the overtime extends beyond 5 p.m., payment of extra compensation from 5 p.m. for services...

29 CFR 778.302 - Computation of overtime due for overlapping workweeks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....302 Section 778.302 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT... overlapping workweeks. (a) General rule. When the beginning of the workweek is changed, if the hours which fall within both “old” and “new” workweeks as explained in § 778.301 are hours in which the employee...

Work environment, overtime and sleep among offshore personnel.

PubMed

Parkes, Katharine R

2017-02-01

Personnel working on North Sea oil/gas installations are exposed to remote and potentially hazardous environments, and to extended work schedules (typically, 14×12h shifts). Moreover, overtime (additional to the standard 84-h week) is not uncommon among offshore personnel. Evidence from onshore research suggests that long work hours and adverse environmental characteristics are associated with sleep impairments, and consequently with health and safety risks, including accidents and injuries. However, little is known about the extent to which long hours and a demanding work environment combine synergistically in relation to sleep. The present study sought to address this issue, using survey data collected from offshore day-shift personnel (N=551). The multivariate analysis examined the additive and interactive effects of overtime and measures of the psychosocial/physical work environment (job demands, job control, supervisor support, and physical stressors) as predictors of sleep outcomes during offshore work weeks. Control variables, including age and sleep during leave weeks, were also included in the analysis model. Sleep duration and quality were significantly impaired among those who worked overtime (54% of the participants) relative to those who worked only 12-h shifts. A linear relationship was found between long overtime hours and short sleep duration; personnel who worked >33h/week overtime reported <6h/day sleep. Significant interactions were also found; sleep duration was negatively related to job demands, and positively related to supervisor support, only among personnel who worked overtime. Poor sleep quality was predicted by the additive effects of overtime, low support and an adverse physical environment. These findings highlight the need to further examine the potential health and safety consequences of impaired sleep associated with high overtime rates offshore, and to identify the extent to which adverse effects of overtime can be mitigated by favourable physical and psychosocial work environment characteristics. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Get over it. New overtime rules a mixed bag for group practices.

PubMed

Tesdahl, D Benson; Saner, Robert J

2004-01-01

New overtime pay rules went into effect Aug. 23, 2004, that will have a dramatic impact on many employers. The rules have several features of particular significance to physician practices. They are the first extensive overhaul of federal overtime regulations, as part of the Fair Labor Standards Act, in more than 30 years. Because the government has given new definitions to exempt administrative and executive employees, medical groups should have considerable flexibility in developing overtime pay strategies.

48 CFR 970.5222-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5222-2 Overtime management. As prescribed in 970.2201-2-2...

48 CFR 970.5222-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5222-2 Overtime management. As prescribed in 970.2201-2-2...

48 CFR 970.5222-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5222-2 Overtime management. As prescribed in 970.2201-2-2...

48 CFR 970.5222-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5222-2 Overtime management. As prescribed in 970.2201-2-2...

48 CFR 970.5222-2 - Overtime management.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Overtime management. 970... SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Solicitation Provisions and Contract Clauses for Management and Operating Contracts 970.5222-2 Overtime management. As prescribed in 970.2201-2-2...

49 CFR Appendix A to Part 1511 - Aviation Security Infrastructure Fee

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... costs of checkpoint screening personnel. 2. Salary, benefits, overtime, retirement and other costs of exit lane monitors. 3. Salary, benefits, overtime, retirement and other costs of cargo screeners. 4. Salary, benefits, overtime, retirement and other costs of checked baggage screeners. 5. Salary, benefits...

48 CFR 52.237-10 - Identification of Uncompensated Overtime.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... same level of detail as compensated hours, and the uncompensated overtime rate per hour, whether at the prime or subcontract level. This includes uncompensated overtime hours that are in indirect cost pools for personnel whose regular hours are normally charged direct. (c) The offeror's accounting practices...

9 CFR 592.520 - Overtime rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Overtime rate. 592.520 Section 592.520 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Fees and Charges § 592.520 Overtime rate. When operations in...

29 CFR 794.142 - Special compensation when overtime in excess of 12 daily or 56 weekly hours is worked in the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... schedule: Hours M T W T F S S Tot. Worked 14 9 10 15 12 8 0 68 Number of overtime hours in excess of 56 in....133 an hour ($2×40=$80; $2.40×20=$48; $80+48=$128; $128÷60=$2.133; see § 778.115 of this chapter... worked, together with $10.67 as overtime premium for the 10 daily overtime hours ($2.133×1/2×10), or...

29 CFR 794.142 - Special compensation when overtime in excess of 12 daily or 56 weekly hours is worked in the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... schedule: Hours M T W T F S S Tot. Worked 14 9 10 15 12 8 0 68 Number of overtime hours in excess of 56 in....133 an hour ($2×40=$80; $2.40×20=$48; $80+48=$128; $128÷60=$2.133; see § 778.115 of this chapter... worked, together with $10.67 as overtime premium for the 10 daily overtime hours ($2.133×1/2×10), or...

29 CFR 794.142 - Special compensation when overtime in excess of 12 daily or 56 weekly hours is worked in the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... schedule: Hours M T W T F S S Tot. Worked 14 9 10 15 12 8 0 68 Number of overtime hours in excess of 56 in....133 an hour ($2×40=$80; $2.40×20=$48; $80+48=$128; $128÷60=$2.133; see § 778.115 of this chapter... worked, together with $10.67 as overtime premium for the 10 daily overtime hours ($2.133×1/2×10), or...

29 CFR 794.142 - Special compensation when overtime in excess of 12 daily or 56 weekly hours is worked in the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... schedule: Hours M T W T F S S Tot. Worked 14 9 10 15 12 8 0 68 Number of overtime hours in excess of 56 in....133 an hour ($2×40=$80; $2.40×20=$48; $80+48=$128; $128÷60=$2.133; see § 778.115 of this chapter... worked, together with $10.67 as overtime premium for the 10 daily overtime hours ($2.133×1/2×10), or...

29 CFR 794.125 - Grace period of 1 month for compliance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 7(b)(3) of the Act Annual Gross Volume of Sales § 794.125 Grace period of 1 month for compliance. Where it is not practicable to compute the annual gross volume of sales under § 794.123 or § 794.124 in time to determine obligations under the Act...

29 CFR 548.302 - Average earnings for period other than a workweek.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... authorized basic rate for all hours worked in excess of forty in the workweek. The authorized basic rate is... workweek and all his overtime hours are on job No. 2. The employee's average hourly earnings on job No. 2... hours under the act must be determined on a workweek basis. (c) In computing the basic rate under § 548...

Overtime work and prevalence of diabetes in Japanese employees: Japan epidemiology collaboration on occupational health study.

PubMed

Kuwahara, Keisuke; Imai, Teppei; Nishihara, Akiko; Nakagawa, Tohru; Yamamoto, Shuichiro; Honda, Toru; Miyamoto, Toshiaki; Kochi, Takeshi; Eguchi, Masafumi; Uehara, Akihiko; Kuroda, Reiko; Omoto, Daisuke; Kurotani, Kayo; Pham, Ngoc Minh; Nanri, Akiko; Kabe, Isamu; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Kunugita, Naoki; Dohi, Seitaro

2014-01-01

Epidemiologic evidence on long working hour and diabetes has been conflicting. We examined the association between overtime work and prevalence of diabetes among Japanese workers. The subjects were 40,861 employees (35,170 men and 5,691 women), aged 16 to 83 years, of 4 companies in Japan. Hours of overtime were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Diabetes was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l), hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol), or current use of anti-diabetic drug. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratio of diabetes for each category of overtime. After adjustment for age, sex, company, smoking, and BMI, there was a suggestion of U-shaped relationship between overtime work and prevalence of diabetes (P for quadratic trend = 0.07). Compared with those who worked <45 hours of overtime per month, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of diabetes were 0.86 (0.77-0.94), 0.69 (0.53-0.89), and 1.03 (0.72-1.46) for those who worked 45-79, 80-99, and ≥100 hours of overtime per month, respectively. In one company (n = 33,807), where other potential confounders including shift work, job position, type of department, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, leisure time physical activity, and family history of diabetes was additionally adjusted for, similar result was obtained (P for quadratic trend = 0.05). Long hours of overtime work may not be associated with increased prevalence of diabetes among Japanese workers.

29 CFR 778.500 - Artificial regular rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... overtime compensation, in all weeks without regard to the number of overtime hours (if any) worked in any... workweek by the number of hours worked in the week. Payment of overtime compensation based on the hourly.... Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 427. The regular rate of the employee involved was found to be the...

29 CFR 778.500 - Artificial regular rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... overtime compensation, in all weeks without regard to the number of overtime hours (if any) worked in any... workweek by the number of hours worked in the week. Payment of overtime compensation based on the hourly.... Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 427. The regular rate of the employee involved was found to be the...

29 CFR 778.500 - Artificial regular rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... overtime compensation, in all weeks without regard to the number of overtime hours (if any) worked in any... workweek by the number of hours worked in the week. Payment of overtime compensation based on the hourly.... Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 427. The regular rate of the employee involved was found to be the...

29 CFR 778.500 - Artificial regular rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... overtime compensation, in all weeks without regard to the number of overtime hours (if any) worked in any... workweek by the number of hours worked in the week. Payment of overtime compensation based on the hourly.... Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 427. The regular rate of the employee involved was found to be the...

9 CFR 391.3 - Overtime and holiday rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Overtime and holiday rates. 391.3 Section 391.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FEES AND CHARGES FOR INSPECTION SERVICES AND LABORATORY ACCREDITATION § 391.3 Overtime...

9 CFR 391.3 - Overtime and holiday rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Overtime and holiday rates. 391.3 Section 391.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FEES AND CHARGES FOR INSPECTION SERVICES AND LABORATORY ACCREDITATION § 391.3 Overtime...

9 CFR 391.3 - Overtime and holiday rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Overtime and holiday rates. 391.3 Section 391.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FEES AND CHARGES FOR INSPECTION SERVICES AND LABORATORY ACCREDITATION § 391.3 Overtime...

9 CFR 391.3 - Overtime and holiday rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Overtime and holiday rate. 391.3 Section 391.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FEES AND CHARGES FOR INSPECTION SERVICES AND LABORATORY ACCREDITATION § 391.3 Overtime an...

9 CFR 592.520 - Overtime rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Overtime rate. 592.520 Section 592.520 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Fees and Charges § 592.520 Overtime rate. When operations in an official plant require the...

9 CFR 592.520 - Overtime rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Overtime rate. 592.520 Section 592.520 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Fees and Charges § 592.520 Overtime rate. When operations in an official plant require the...

9 CFR 592.520 - Overtime rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Overtime rate. 592.520 Section 592.520 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Fees and Charges § 592.520 Overtime rate. When operations in an official plant require the...

9 CFR 592.520 - Overtime rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Overtime rate. 592.520 Section 592.520 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE EGG PRODUCTS INSPECTION VOLUNTARY INSPECTION OF EGG PRODUCTS Fees and Charges § 592.520 Overtime rate. When operations in an official plant require the...

7 CFR 91.39 - Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... overtime work. When analytical testing in a Science and Technology facility requires the services of... (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS SERVICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION Fees and Charges § 91.39 Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service. (a) When analytical testing in a Science...

7 CFR 91.39 - Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... overtime work. When analytical testing in a Science and Technology facility requires the services of... (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS SERVICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION Fees and Charges § 91.39 Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service. (a) When analytical testing in a Science...

7 CFR 91.39 - Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... overtime work. When analytical testing in a Science and Technology facility requires the services of... (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS SERVICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION Fees and Charges § 91.39 Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service. (a) When analytical testing in a Science...

7 CFR 91.39 - Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... overtime work. When analytical testing in a Science and Technology facility requires the services of... (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS SERVICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION Fees and Charges § 91.39 Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service. (a) When analytical testing in a Science...

Effect of overtime work on cognitive function in automotive workers.

PubMed

Proctor, S P; White, R F; Robins, T G; Echeverria, D; Rocskay, A Z

1996-04-01

The present investigation examined whether increased overtime work predicts impairment in cognitive performance in the domains of attention, executive function, and mood. The behavioral and cognitive functions of 248 automotive workers were measured by a neurobehavioral test performance. Overtime, defined as number of hours worked greater than 8 h a day or greater than 5 d a week, was calculated from company payroll records for the week before the test day. The number of consecutive days worked before the test day was also determined. Cross-sectional data analysis by multiple linear regression, after adjustment for the effects of age, education, gender, alcohol intake, repeated grade in school, acute petroleum naphtha exposure, shift worked, job type, number of consecutive days worked before the test day, and number of hours worked on the test day before the testing, demonstrated that increased overtime was significantly associated with impaired performance on several tests of attention and executive function. Increased feelings of depression, fatigue, and confusion were also associated with increased overtime work. In addition significant interaction effects were observed for job type but not for naphtha exposure. The findings support the hypothesis that overtime work results in impaired cognitive performance in the areas of attention and executive function and that both overtime hours and the number of consecutive days worked prior to a test day affect mood.

76 FR 80326 - 2012 Rate Changes for the Basetime, Overtime, Holiday, and Laboratory Services Rates

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-23

..., plus the travel and operating rate, plus the overhead rate, plus the allowance for bad debt rate. The... and operating rate) + $16.68 (overhead rate) + $.02 (bad debt allowance rate) = $54.24. Overtime Rate... rate, plus the allowance for bad debt rate. The calculation for the 2012 overtime rate per hour per...

29 CFR 778.315 - Payment for all hours worked in overtime workweek is required.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... OVERTIME COMPENSATION Special Problems Effect of Failure to Count Or Pay for Certain Working Hours § 778... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Payment for all hours worked in overtime workweek is required. 778.315 Section 778.315 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION...

The Short-Run Employment Decision and Overtime Behavior in U.S. Industry, 1966.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ehrenberg, Ronald Gordon

A rational manpower policy must seek to create jobs as well as to provide training for unemployed workers. The creation of new jobs has been hindered, however, by the observed tendency of employers to substitute overtime hours for additional employees, even while substantial unemployment exists. Although a large proportion of overtime hours is due…

7 CFR 354.1 - Overtime work at border ports, sea ports, and airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Overtime work at border ports, sea ports, and airports. 354.1 Section 354.1 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) ANIMAL AND... EXPORTS; AND USER FEES § 354.1 Overtime work at border ports, sea ports, and airports. (a)(1) Any person...

29 CFR 779.414 - Types of employment in which this overtime pay exemption may apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., radios and television, men's clothing, women's ready to wear, shoes, corsets, home insulation, and... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Types of employment in which this overtime pay exemption... § 779.414 Types of employment in which this overtime pay exemption may apply. Section 7(i) was enacted...

29 CFR 779.414 - Types of employment in which this overtime pay exemption may apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., radios and television, men's clothing, women's ready to wear, shoes, corsets, home insulation, and... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Types of employment in which this overtime pay exemption... § 779.414 Types of employment in which this overtime pay exemption may apply. Section 7(i) was enacted...

Overtime Work and Prevalence of Diabetes in Japanese Employees: Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study

PubMed Central

Nishihara, Akiko; Nakagawa, Tohru; Yamamoto, Shuichiro; Honda, Toru; Miyamoto, Toshiaki; Kochi, Takeshi; Eguchi, Masafumi; Uehara, Akihiko; Kuroda, Reiko; Omoto, Daisuke; Kurotani, Kayo; Pham, Ngoc Minh; Nanri, Akiko; Kabe, Isamu; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Kunugita, Naoki; Dohi, Seitaro

2014-01-01

Objective Epidemiologic evidence on long working hour and diabetes has been conflicting. We examined the association between overtime work and prevalence of diabetes among Japanese workers. Methods The subjects were 40,861 employees (35,170 men and 5,691 women), aged 16 to 83 years, of 4 companies in Japan. Hours of overtime were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Diabetes was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l), hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol), or current use of anti-diabetic drug. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratio of diabetes for each category of overtime. Results After adjustment for age, sex, company, smoking, and BMI, there was a suggestion of U-shaped relationship between overtime work and prevalence of diabetes (P for quadratic trend = 0.07). Compared with those who worked <45 hours of overtime per month, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of diabetes were 0.86 (0.77–0.94), 0.69 (0.53–0.89), and 1.03 (0.72–1.46) for those who worked 45–79, 80–99, and ≥100 hours of overtime per month, respectively. In one company (n = 33,807), where other potential confounders including shift work, job position, type of department, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, leisure time physical activity, and family history of diabetes was additionally adjusted for, similar result was obtained (P for quadratic trend = 0.05). Conclusions Long hours of overtime work may not be associated with increased prevalence of diabetes among Japanese workers. PMID:24787995

Effect of overtime work on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure.

PubMed

Hayashi, T; Kobayashi, Y; Yamaoka, K; Yano, E

1996-10-01

Recently, the adverse effects of long working hours on the cardiovascular systems of workers in Japan, including "Karoshi" (death from overwork), have been the focus of social concern. However, conventional methods of health checkups are often unable to detect the early signs of such adverse effects. To evaluate the influence of overtime work on the cardiovascular system, we compared 24-hour blood pressure measurements among several groups of male white-collar workers. As a result, for those with normal blood pressure and those with mild hypertension, the 24-hour average blood pressure of the overtime groups was higher than that of the control groups; for those who periodically did overtime work, the 24-hour average blood pressure and heart rate during the busy period increased. These results indicate that the burden on the cardiovascular system of white-collar workers increases with overtime work.

48 CFR 52.222-4 - Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act-Overtime Compensation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... work over 40 hours in any workweek unless they are paid at least 1 and 1/2 times the basic rate of pay... excess of the standard workweek of 40 hours without paying overtime wages required by the Contract Work... CLAUSES Text of Provisions and Clauses 52.222-4 Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act—Overtime...

29 CFR 516.13 - Livestock auction employees exempt from overtime pay requirements under section 13(b)(13) of the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Livestock auction employees exempt from overtime pay....13 Livestock auction employees exempt from overtime pay requirements under section 13(b)(13) of the... employee is employed both in agriculture and in connection with livestock auction operations: (a) The total...

29 CFR 516.21 - Bulk petroleum employees partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section 7(b...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Bulk petroleum employees partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section 7(b)(3) of the Act. 516.21 Section 516.21 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor....21 Bulk petroleum employees partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section 7(b...

29 CFR 516.21 - Bulk petroleum employees partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section 7(b...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Bulk petroleum employees partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section 7(b)(3) of the Act. 516.21 Section 516.21 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor....21 Bulk petroleum employees partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section 7(b...

7 CFR 354.1 - Overtime work at border ports, sea ports, and airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Overtime work at border ports, sea ports, and airports... EXPORTS; AND USER FEES § 354.1 Overtime work at border ports, sea ports, and airports. (a)(1) Any person... of aircraft at airports of entry or other places of inspection as a consequence of the operation of...

Sense of coherence modifies the effect of overtime work on mental health.

PubMed

Ohta, Masanori; Higuchi, Yoshiyuki; Yamato, Hiroshi; Kumashiro, Masaharu; Sugimura, Hisamichi

2015-01-01

In the occupational health field, it is important to know how workload influences mental health. Overtime work and job strain appear to affect the mental health status of workers. Sense of coherence (SOC) may mediate the relationship between work stress and mental health. Since SOC represents a personal ability to manage psychological stressors, we hypothesized that a strong SOC would modify the adverse effect of an objective measure of overtime work on mental health. A total of 1,558 Japanese workers employed in an information technology company were asked to complete a 3-item SOC Questionnaire and 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) to assess mental health status. Workload was assessed by the actual amount of overtime work hours recorded by the company. Multiple regression analysis revealed a main effect of overtime work (β=0.08, p=0.0003) and SOC scores (β=0.41, p <0.0001) on GHQ scores. There was a tendency toward interaction between overtime work and SOC scores (β=0.05, p=0.051). Simple slope analysis supported this association (-1 SD below the mean, simple slope=0.04, SE=0.01, p < 0.0001; +1 SD above the mean, simple slope=0.01, SE=0.01, p=0.188). These results suggest that SOC buffers the mental health impacts of workload as measured by an objective index of overtime work, and should be considered when assessing the effects of workload on mental health.

5 CFR 550.154 - Rates of premium pay payable under § 550.151.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... not more than 9 hours a week or irregular or occasional overtime work—20 percent; (4) A position which requires an average of over 9 hours a week of irregular or occasional overtime work—25 percent. (b) If an... average of at least 3 but not more than 5 hours a week of irregular or occasional overtime work—10 percent...

29 CFR 516.11 - Employees exempt from both minimum wage and overtime pay requirements under section 13(a) (2), (3...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Employees exempt from both minimum wage and overtime pay... Exemptions Under the Act; Other Special Requirements § 516.11 Employees exempt from both minimum wage and.... With respect to each and every employee exempt from both the minimum wage and overtime pay requirements...

Assessing the relationships between nurse work hours/overtime and nurse and patient outcomes: systematic literature review.

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui; Fabry, Donna

2014-01-01

The effects of work hours/overtime on nurse and patient outcomes and specific components of work hours (per shift and per week) and overtime on these effects have not been systematically examined. The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the effect of nurse overtime and long work hours on nurse and patient outcomes. An online search of six electronic bibliographic databases was conducted for research published from 2000 to 2013. Twenty-one nurse outcome measures and 19 patient outcome measures were found in relationships with work hours and overtime. A total of 67 relationships to nurse outcomes and 41 relationships to patient outcomes were examined. The findings of this review suggested that evidence supporting positive relationships between working long hours and adverse outcomes to the nurses is strong. However, to make a conclusion of the positive relationship between long work hours and adverse patient outcomes, more evidence is needed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

29 CFR 779.419 - Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon the level of the employee's “regular...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon the level of the employee's âregular rateâ of pay. 779.419 Section 779.419 Labor Regulations Relating... Compensated Principally by Commissions § 779.419 Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon...

Integrative review: an evaluation of the methods used to explore the relationship between overtime and patient outcomes.

PubMed

Lobo, Vanessa; Fisher, Anita; Peachey, Gladys; Ploeg, Jenny; Akhtar-Danesh, Noori

2015-05-01

To analyse, critically, methods employed to explore the relationship between nursing overtime and patient outcomes to strengthen future research. Nursing overtime hours have been increasing in the Western world since the 1980's; however, research detailing its implications for patient outcomes has not kept pace. Studies exploring the relationship between nursing overtime and patient outcomes have produced conflicting results and are deficient in number and rigour. Whittemore and Knafl's revised framework for integrative reviews guided the analysis. A comprehensive multi-step search (1980-2012) of literature related to nursing overtime and patient outcomes in the CINAHL, Medline, PubMED, EMBASE and PsychInfo databases was performed. Reference lists and Google searches were completed for additional sources. Nine research papers met the inclusion criteria. All nine articles were included in the review. A systematic, iterative approach was used to extract and reduce the data to draw conclusions. There appears to be a positive relationship between nursing overtime and patient outcomes, however, eight of the nine studies revealed limitations in: (1) the definition and measurement of overtime; (2) data aggregation (organizationally and temporally) and (3) recognition or control of potential confounding variables. The quality in this research sample limits the ability of this body of work to be the basis of staffing policies. Future researchers need to be explicit in detailing their methods alongside a renewed commitment from administration to develop a tracking system of important parameters at the individual and bedside level. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Association of overtime work and hypertension in a Japanese working population: a cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Imai, Teppei; Kuwahara, Keisuke; Nishihara, Akiko; Nakagawa, Tohru; Yamamoto, Shuichiro; Honda, Toru; Miyamoto, Toshiaki; Kochi, Takeshi; Eguchi, Masafumi; Uehara, Akihiko; Kuroda, Reiko; Omoto, Daisuke; Nagata, Tomohisa; Pham, Ngoc Minh; Kurotani, Kayo; Nanri, Akiko; Akter, Shamima; Kabe, Isamu; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Sone, Tomofumi; Dohi, Seitaro

2014-12-01

Long working hours have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but its relationship with hypertension remains unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between overtime and presence of hypertension using data from a large-scale multi-company study in Japan. Participants were 52 365 workers of four companies that provided both health-checkup data and self-reported data on overtime worked. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, and/or the use of antihypertensive drug. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratio for hypertension for each category of overtime work (<45, 45-79, 80-99 or ≥100 h/month) with adjustments for age, sex, company, smoking status and body mass index. The prevalence of hypertension tended to decrease with increasing overtime work: 17.5, 12.0, 11.1 and 9.1% for the shortest (<45 h/month) through the longest overtime category (≥100 h/month). The age-, sex- and company-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.00 (reference), 0.81 (0.75-0.86), 0.73 (0.62-0.86), 0.58 (0.44-0.76), respectively (p for linear trend <0.001). In a sub-cohort, the inverse association remained statistically significant after an additional adjustment for other potential confounders. Results of the present large-scale study among Japanese workers suggest an inverse association between overtime work and presence of hypertension.

29 CFR 516.23 - Employees of hospitals and residential care facilities compensated for overtime work on the basis...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... paragraphs (a) (5) and (7) through (9), and in addition: (1) Time of day and day of week on which the... period, (3) Total straight-time wages paid for hours worked during the 14-day period, (4) Total overtime... compensated for overtime work on the basis of a 14-day work period pursuant to section 7(j) of the Act. 516.23...

A strategy to decide whether to move the last case of the day in an operating room to another empty operating room to decrease overtime labor costs.

PubMed

Dexter, F

2000-10-01

We examined how to program an operating room (OR) information system to assist the OR manager in deciding whether to move the last case of the day in one OR to another OR that is empty to decrease overtime labor costs. We first developed a statistical strategy to predict whether moving the case would decrease overtime labor costs for first shift nurses and anesthesia providers. The strategy was based on using historical case duration data stored in a surgical services information system. Second, we estimated the incremental overtime labor costs achieved if our strategy was used for moving cases versus movement of cases by an OR manager who knew in advance exactly how long each case would last. We found that if our strategy was used to decide whether to move cases, then depending on parameter values, only 2.0 to 4.3 more min of overtime would be required per case than if the OR manager had perfect retrospective knowledge of case durations. The use of other information technologies to assist in the decision of whether to move a case, such as real-time patient tracking information systems, closed-circuit cameras, or graphical airport-style displays can, on average, reduce overtime by no more than only 2 to 4 min per case that can be moved. The use of other information technologies to assist in the decision of whether to move a case, such as real-time patient tracking information systems, closed-circuit cameras, or graphical airport-style displays, can, on average, reduce overtime by no more than only 2 to 4 min per case that can be moved.

The moderating effect of control over work scheduling and overtime on the relationship between workload demands and perceived job risk.

PubMed

Näswall, Katharina; Burt, Christopher D B; Pearce, Megan

2015-01-01

This study investigated the impact of workload demands on perceived job risk using the Job Demand-Control model as a research framework. The primary objective was to test the hypothesis that employee control over work scheduling and overtime would moderate the relationship between workload demands and perceived job risk. Ninety-six participants working in a variety of industries completed measures of workload demands, and of control over work scheduling and overtime, and a measure of perceived job risk. Workload demands predicted higher perceptions of job risk. However, the results also suggest that control over overtime moderated this relationship, where those with the combination of high workload demands and low control over overtime reported higher levels of perceived risk. The results indicate that the JDC model is applicable to safety research. The results suggest that employee control over workload demands is an important variable to consider in terms of managing workplace safety. The present study also points to important areas for future research to explore in order to further understand the connection between demands and safety.

29 CFR 780.701 - Statutory provision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under... Standards Act exempts from the overtime provisions of section 7: Any employee employed within the area of...

Nursing overtime: why, how much, and under what working conditions?

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui

2012-01-01

To provide the best care to patients, the physical wellness of nursing staff is essential. Current evidence indicates long work hours can lead to adverse nurse and patient outcomes. To provide quality and safe patient care, both staff nurses and nurse managers need to recognize the adverse effects of overtime, whether it is mandatory or voluntary. Results of this study showed overtime was not used more when there was an increase in nursing shortages. Further, overtime was not used to control shortages; rather, understaffing was an underlying condition of the nursing practice, at least in the study sample. Thus, efforts must be made not only to prevent nurses from working long hours, but also to resolve the problem of understaffing in order to retain qualified nurses in hospitals.

48 CFR 222.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act 222.302 Liquidated damages and overtime pay. Upon receipt of notification of Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act violations, the contracting...

48 CFR 222.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act 222.302 Liquidated damages and overtime pay. Upon receipt of notification of Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act violations, the contracting...

29 CFR 780.1000 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor provisions of the Act for certain homeworkers employed in... wreaths. Attention is directed to the fact that a limited overtime exemption for employees employed in the...

29 CFR 780.1000 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor provisions of the Act for certain homeworkers employed in... wreaths. Attention is directed to the fact that a limited overtime exemption for employees employed in the...

29 CFR 780.1000 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor provisions of the Act for certain homeworkers employed in... wreaths. Attention is directed to the fact that a limited overtime exemption for employees employed in the...

29 CFR 780.1000 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor provisions of the Act for certain homeworkers employed in... wreaths. Attention is directed to the fact that a limited overtime exemption for employees employed in the...

System restricts nurses' overtime.

PubMed

2010-10-01

Noting concern over patient safety and staff well-being, Emory Healthcare in Atlanta has instituted a new policy that restricts overtime hours for nurses, including those in the ED. Here are some of the ways in which the system ensures their nurses get adequate rest: Nurses who want to work overtime cannot be on duty more than 60 hours a week. A central staffing center has been established to cover shifts. A number of the nurses have ED experience. Steps have been taken to ensure that nurses can take their 30-minute lunches and 15-minute breaks.

Slaves of the state - medical internship and community service in South Africa.

PubMed

Erasmus, Nicolette

2012-06-05

Owing to a chronic shortage of medical staff in South Africa, sleep-deprived medical interns and community service doctors work up to 200 hours of overtime per month under the state's commuted overtime policy. Nurses moonlight in circumvention of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act. For trainee doctors, overtime over 80 hours is unpaid, and rendered involuntarily under threat of not qualifying to practise medicine in South Africa. As forced labour, and sleep deprivation amounting to cruel and degrading treatment, it is outlawed in international law. No other professional group in the country is subjected to such levels of exploitation and discrimination by the state. These abuses should be challenged under the Constitution. Solutions include the installation of electronic time-recording in state hospitals, cessation of unpaid overtime, limits on medical intern shifts to a maximum of 16 hours, and an investigation by the Human Rights Commission of South Africa.

Differences in wage rates for males and females in the health sector: a consideration of unpaid overtime to decompose the gender wage gap.

PubMed

Vecchio, Nerina; Scuffham, Paul A; Hilton, Michael F; Whiteford, Harvey A

2013-02-25

In Australia a persistent and sizable gender wage gap exists. In recent years this gap has been steadily widening. The negative impact of gender wage differentials is the disincentive to work more hours. This implies a substantial cost on the Australian health sector. This study aimed to identify the magnitude of gender wage differentials within the health sector. The investigation accounts for unpaid overtime. Given the limited availability of information, little empirical evidence exists that accounts for unpaid overtime. Information was collected from a sample of 10,066 Australian full-time employees within the health sector. Initially, ordinary least-squares regression was used to identify the gender wage gap when unpaid overtime was included and then excluded from the model. The sample was also stratified by gender and then by occupation to allow for comparisons. Later the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method was employed to identify and quantify the contribution of individual endowments to wage differentials between males and females. The analyses of data revealed a gender wage gap that varied across occupations. The inclusion of unpaid overtime in the analysis led to a slight reduction in the wage differential. The results showed an adjusted wage gap of 16.7%. Unpaid overtime made a significant but small contribution to wage differentials. Being female remained the major contributing factor to the wage gap. Given that wage differentials provide a disincentive to work more hours, serious attempts to deal with the skilled labour shortage in the health sector need to address the gender wage gap.

"That was a good shift".

PubMed

Johnson, Anya; Nguyen, Helena; Parker, Sharon K; Groth, Markus; Coote, Steven; Perry, Lin; Way, Bruce

2017-06-19

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate a boundary spanning, interprofessional collaboration between advanced practice nurses (APNs) and junior doctors to support junior doctors' learning and improve patient management during the overtime shift. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods evaluation of an intervention in an adult tertiary referral hospital, to enhance interprofessional collaboration on overtime shifts. Phase 1 compared tasks and ward rounds on 86 intervention shifts with 106 "regular" shifts, and examined the effect on junior doctor patient management testing a model using regression techniques. Phase 2 explored the experience of the intervention for stakeholders. 91 junior doctors participated (89 percent response rate) on 192 overtime shifts. Junior doctors, APNs and senior medical professionals/administrators participated in interviews. Findings The intervention was associated with an increase in self-initiated ward rounds by junior doctors, partially explained by junior doctors completing fewer tasks skilled nurses could also complete. The intervention significantly reduced doctors' engagement in tasks carried over from day shifts as well as first year (but not more experienced) junior doctors' total tasks. Interviews suggested the initiative reduced junior doctors' work pressure and promoted a safe team climate, situation awareness, skills, confidence, and well-being. Originality/value Junior doctors overtime shifts (5 p.m. to 11 p.m.) are important, both for hospitals to maintain patient care after hours and for junior doctors to learn and develop independent clinical decision making skills. However, junior doctors frequently report finding overtime shifts challenging and stressful. Redesigning overtime shifts to facilitate interprofessional collaboration can improve patient management and junior doctors' learning and well-being.

Long commuting time, extensive overtime, and sympathodominant state assessed in terms of short-term heart rate variability among male white-collar workers in the Tokyo megalopolis.

PubMed

Kageyama, T; Nishikido, N; Kobayashi, T; Kurokawa, Y; Kaneko, T; Kabuto, M

1998-07-01

To investigate the possible effects of long commuting time and extensive overtime on daytime cardiac autonomic activity, the short-term heart rate variability (HRV) both at supine rest and at standing rest of 223 male white-collar workers in the Tokyo Megalopolis was examined. Workers with a one-way commute of 90 min or more exhibited decreased vagal activity at supine rest and increased sympathetic activity regardless of posture, and those doing overtime of 60 h/month or more exhibited decreased vagal activity and increased sympathetic activity at standing rest. These findings suggest that chronic stress or fatigue resulting from long commuting time or extensive overtime caused these individuals to be in a sympathodominant state. Although these shifts in autonomic activities are not direct indicators of disease, it can be hypothesized that they can induce cardiovascular abnormalities or dysfunctions related to the onset of heart disease. Assessment of the daily and weekly variations in HRV as a function of daily life activities (such as working, commuting, sleeping, and exercising) among workers in Asia-Pacific urban areas might be one way of studying the possible effects of long commuting time, and extensive overtime, on health.

Recommendations for NRC policy on shift scheduling and overtime at nuclear power plants

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lewis, P.M.

1985-07-01

This report contains the Pacific Northwest Laboratory's (PNL's) recommendations to the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for an NRC policy on shift scheduling and hours of work (including overtime) for control room operators and other safety-related personnel in nuclear power plants. First, it is recommended that NRC make three additions to its present policy on overtime: (1) limit personnel to 112 hours of work in a 14-day period, 192 hours in 28 days, and 2260 hours in one year; exceeding these limits would require plant manager approval; (2) add a requirement that licensees obtain approval from NRC if plant personnelmore » are expected to exceed 72 hours of work in a 7-day period, 132 hours in 14 days, 228 hours in 28 days, and 2300 hours in one year; and (3) make the policy a requirement, rather than a nonbinding recommendation. Second, it is recommended that licensees be required to obtain NRC approval to adopt a routine 12-hour/day shift schedule. Third, it is recommended that NRC add several nonbinding recommendations concerning routine 8-hour/day schedules. Finally, because additional data can strengthen the basis for future NRC policy on overtime, five methods are suggested for collecting data on overtime and its effects. 44 refs., 10 tabs.« less

Overtime work and blood pressure in normotensive Japanese male workers.

PubMed

Nakamura, Koshi; Sakurai, Masaru; Morikawa, Yuko; Miura, Katsuyuki; Ishizaki, Masao; Kido, Teruhiko; Naruse, Yuchi; Suwazono, Yasushi; Nakagawa, Hideaki

2012-09-01

Epidemiological studies have observed conflicting patterns as to whether overtime work increases blood pressure (BP), probably as a consequence of methodological issues. We conducted a prospective cohort study to investigate the relationship between overtime work hours and 1-year changes in BP in 1,235 normotensive Japanese male workers who carried out a variety of jobs in a manufacturing factory. Casual BP measurements were repeated at annual health examinations in 2004-2005, using an automatic manometer. An analysis of covariance that incorporated potential confounding factors including baseline age, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle factors was used to calculate and compare the means of the 1-year change in systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). The participants were grouped according to their average monthly overtime work hours obtained from timecard data between April and September 2004. The multivariate-adjusted mean for 1-year change in DBP in 611 male assembly-line workers was 1.5 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-2.2) for <40.0 h/month, 2.3 mm Hg (95% CI 1.3-3.2) for 40.0-79.9 h/month, and 5.3 mm Hg (95% CI 2.7-7.9) for ≥ 80.0 h/month (P for heterogeneity = 0.02). A broadly similar pattern was observed for SBP. In contrast, there was no significant difference in means 1-year change for both SBP and DBP in 315 clerks and 309 engineers/special technicians, grouped according to overtime work hours. Extensive overtime work was associated with increased BP in normotensive male assembly-line workers, but not in clerks and engineers/special technicians.

Differences in wage rates for males and females in the health sector: a consideration of unpaid overtime to decompose the gender wage gap

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background In Australia a persistent and sizable gender wage gap exists. In recent years this gap has been steadily widening. The negative impact of gender wage differentials is the disincentive to work more hours. This implies a substantial cost on the Australian health sector. This study aimed to identify the magnitude of gender wage differentials within the health sector. The investigation accounts for unpaid overtime. Given the limited availability of information, little empirical evidence exists that accounts for unpaid overtime. Methods Information was collected from a sample of 10,066 Australian full-time employees within the health sector. Initially, ordinary least-squares regression was used to identify the gender wage gap when unpaid overtime was included and then excluded from the model. The sample was also stratified by gender and then by occupation to allow for comparisons. Later the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition method was employed to identify and quantify the contribution of individual endowments to wage differentials between males and females. Results The analyses of data revealed a gender wage gap that varied across occupations. The inclusion of unpaid overtime in the analysis led to a slight reduction in the wage differential. The results showed an adjusted wage gap of 16.7%. Conclusions Unpaid overtime made a significant but small contribution to wage differentials. Being female remained the major contributing factor to the wage gap. Given that wage differentials provide a disincentive to work more hours, serious attempts to deal with the skilled labour shortage in the health sector need to address the gender wage gap. PMID:23433245

The associations of occupational hazards and injuries with work environments and overtime for nurses in China.

PubMed

Wu, Yan; Zheng, Jing; Liu, Ke; Baggs, Judith G; Liu, Jiali; Liu, Xu; You, Liming

2018-06-04

Occupational hazards (OHs) and occupational injuries (OIs) may contribute to nurses needing sick time and to a high financial burden for hospitals. There is little published literature about nurse-reported OHs/OIs and their relationships with work environments and working overtime in China. This study was designed to describe Chinese hospital registered nurses' OHs/OIs and to explore the associations between work environments, working overtime, and nurse-reported OHs/OIs. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangdong province in China in 2014. The sample included 1,517 nurses from 111 medical/surgical units in 23 hospitals. The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index was used to measure work environment. Overtime was calculated by subtracting scheduled work hours from actual work hours. Six items were used to measure nurse-reported OHs/OIs. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and two-level logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. The percentages of nurses reporting OHs/OIs occurred in the year before the survey ranged from 47% to 80%. Nurses who worked in good (vs. poor) unit work environments were less likely to experience OHs/OIs (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.65-0.68, p < .05). Nurses who worked overtime (OR = 1.19-1.33, p < .05) and in Level 3 (largest) hospitals (OR = 1.45-1.80, p < .05) were more likely to experience OHs/OIs. We found that OHs/OIs were prevalent among hospital nurses in China. Better work environment and less nurse overtime were associated with fewer nurse OHs/OIs. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Sleep Duration Modifies the Association of Overtime Work With Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes: Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study.

PubMed

Kuwahara, Keisuke; Imai, Teppei; Miyamoto, Toshiaki; Kochi, Takeshi; Eguchi, Masafumi; Nishihara, Akiko; Nakagawa, Tohru; Yamamoto, Shuichiro; Honda, Toru; Kabe, Isamu; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Dohi, Seitaro

2018-02-03

Evidence linking working hours and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is limited and inconsistent in Asian populations. No study has addressed the combined association of long working hours and sleep deprivation on T2DM risk. We investigated the association of baseline overtime work with T2DM risk and assessed whether sleep duration modified the effect among Japanese. Participants were Japanese employees (28,489 men and 4,561 women) aged 30-64 years who reported overtime hours and had no history of diabetes at baseline (mostly in 2008). They were followed up until March 2014. New-onset T2DM was identified using subsequent checkup data, including measurement of fasting/random plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and self-report of medical treatment. Hazard ratios (HRs) of T2DM were estimated using Cox regression analysis. The combined association of sleep duration and working hours was examined in a subgroup of workers (n = 27,590). During a mean follow-up period of 4.5 years, 1,975 adults developed T2DM. Overtime work was not materially associated with T2DM risk. In subgroup analysis, however, long working hours combined with insufficient sleep were associated with a significantly higher risk of T2DM (HR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.11-1.83), whereas long working hours with sufficient sleep were not (HR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88-1.11) compared with the reference (<45 hours of overtime with sufficient sleep). Sleep duration modified the association of overtime work with the risk of developing T2DM. Further investigations to elucidate the long-term effect of long working hours on glucose metabolism are warranted.

48 CFR 622.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Liquidated damages and overtime pay. 622.302 Section 622.302 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety...

48 CFR 622.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Liquidated damages and overtime pay. 622.302 Section 622.302 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF STATE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety...

Longitudinal relationship of work hours, mandatory overtime, and on-call to musculoskeletal problems in nurses.

PubMed

Trinkoff, Alison M; Le, Rong; Geiger-Brown, Jeanne; Lipscomb, Jane; Lang, Gary

2006-11-01

Nurses are at very high risk for work-related musculoskeletal injury/disorders (MSD) with low back pain/injury being the most frequently occurring MSD. Nurses are also likely to work extended schedules (long hours, on-call, mandatory overtime, working on days off). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of extended work schedules in nurses to MSD. Using a longitudinal, three wave survey of 2,617 registered nurses, Wave 1 work schedule data were related to neck, shoulder, and back (MSD) cases occurring in Waves 2 or 3. Schedule characteristics increasing MSD risk included 13+ hour/days, off-shifts, weekend work, work during time off (while sick, on days off, without breaks), and overtime/on-call. These increases in risk were not explained by psychological demands, but were largely explained by physical demands. Adverse schedules are significantly related to nurse MSD. Healthier schedules, less overtime, and reducing work on days off would minimize risk and recovery time. Copyright (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Dedicated operating room for emergency surgery generates more utilization, less overtime, and less cancellations.

PubMed

van Veen-Berkx, Elizabeth; Elkhuizen, Sylvia G; Kuijper, Bart; Kazemier, Geert

2016-01-01

Two approaches prevail for reserving operating room (OR) capacity for emergency surgery: (1) dedicated emergency ORs and (2) evenly allocating capacity to all elective ORs, thereby creating a virtual emergency team. Previous studies contradict which approach leads to the best performance in OR utilization. Quasi-experimental controlled time-series design with empirical data from 3 university medical centers. Four different time periods were compared with analysis of variance with contrasts. Performance was measured based on 467,522 surgical cases. After closing the dedicated emergency OR, utilization slightly increased; overtime also increased. This was in contrast to earlier simulated results. The 2 control centers, maintaining a dedicated emergency OR, showed a higher increase in utilization and a decrease in overtime, along with a smaller ratio of case cancellations because of emergency surgery. This study shows that in daily practice a dedicated emergency OR is the preferred approach in performance terms regarding utilization, overtime, and case cancellations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Scalable parallel distance field construction for large-scale applications

DOE PAGES

Yu, Hongfeng; Xie, Jinrong; Ma, Kwan -Liu; ...

2015-10-01

Computing distance fields is fundamental to many scientific and engineering applications. Distance fields can be used to direct analysis and reduce data. In this paper, we present a highly scalable method for computing 3D distance fields on massively parallel distributed-memory machines. Anew distributed spatial data structure, named parallel distance tree, is introduced to manage the level sets of data and facilitate surface tracking overtime, resulting in significantly reduced computation and communication costs for calculating the distance to the surface of interest from any spatial locations. Our method supports several data types and distance metrics from real-world applications. We demonstrate itsmore » efficiency and scalability on state-of-the-art supercomputers using both large-scale volume datasets and surface models. We also demonstrate in-situ distance field computation on dynamic turbulent flame surfaces for a petascale combustion simulation. In conclusion, our work greatly extends the usability of distance fields for demanding applications.« less

Leave taking and overtime behavior as related to demographic, health, and job variables

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arnoldi, L. B.; Townsend, J. C.

1969-01-01

An intra-installation model is formulated that correlates demographic, health and job related variables to the various types and amounts of leave and overtime taking behavior of employees. Statistical comparison of composite health ratings assigned to subjects based upon clinical criteria and bio-statistical data show that those employees who take the most annual leave as well as sick leave are the ones that have the poorest health ratings; employees who put in the most overtime have also the poorest health records. Stress effects of peak activity periods increase use of sick leave immediately after peak activity but not the use of annual leave.

48 CFR 1422.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Liquidated damages and overtime pay. 1422.302 Section 1422.302 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety...

48 CFR 1422.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Liquidated damages and overtime pay. 1422.302 Section 1422.302 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety...

9 CFR 391.3 - Overtime and holiday rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Overtime and holiday rate. 391.3 Section 391.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FEES AND CHARGES FOR INSPECTION SERVICES...

29 CFR 780.318 - Exemption for nonlocal minors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section... 1966 Amendments to the Fair Labor Standards Act exempts from the minimum wage and overtime provisions... Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS...

29 CFR 780.1000 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment of Home- workers in Making Wreaths; Exemption From Minimum Wage, Overtime... minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor provisions of the Act for certain homeworkers employed in... Section 780.1000 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF...

29 CFR 779.419 - Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon the level of the employee's “regular...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... workweek when his hours of work exceed the maximum number specified in section (a). This additional..., exclusive of overtime payments.” (Walling v. Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 419.) It is a rate...

29 CFR 779.419 - Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon the level of the employee's “regular...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... workweek when his hours of work exceed the maximum number specified in section (a). This additional..., exclusive of overtime payments.” (Walling v. Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 419.) It is a rate...

29 CFR 779.419 - Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon the level of the employee's “regular...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... workweek when his hours of work exceed the maximum number specified in section (a). This additional..., exclusive of overtime payments.” (Walling v. Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 419.) It is a rate...

29 CFR 779.419 - Dependence of the section 7(i) overtime pay exemption upon the level of the employee's “regular...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... workweek when his hours of work exceed the maximum number specified in section (a). This additional..., exclusive of overtime payments.” (Walling v. Youngerman-Reynolds Hardwood Co., 325 U.S. 419.) It is a rate...

FSLA Litigation: Coming Soon to a School District Near You.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soronen, Lisa E.

2003-01-01

The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938 covers six major topics: minimum wage, overtime, child labor, equal pay, retaliation, and record keeping. Most cases filed against school districts involve overtime and record-keeping requirements. Outlines steps to ensure district FLSA policies are legal, communicated, and enforced. (MLF)

29 CFR 541.0 - Introductory statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., as amended, provides an exemption from the Act's minimum wage and overtime requirements for any... secondary schools), or in the capacity of an outside sales employee, as such terms are defined and delimited... Procedure Act. Section 13(a)(17) of the Act provides an exemption from the minimum wage and overtime...

7 CFR 91.39 - Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Premium hourly fee rates for overtime and legal holiday service. 91.39 Section 91.39 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...

29 CFR 780.323 - Exemption for range production of livestock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements... exemption from the minimum wage and overtime requirements of the Act for any employee “employed in... Section 780.323 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF...

29 CFR 780.300 - Statutory exemptions in section 13(a)(6).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section... the Act exempts from the minimum wage requirements of section 6 and from the overtime pay requirements... 780.300 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR...

29 CFR 778.419 - Hourly workers employed at two or more jobs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS OVERTIME... Type of Work Performed in Overtime Hours (secs. 7(g) (1) and (2)) § 778.419 Hourly workers employed at... work, for which different straight time hourly rates are established, may agree with his employer in...

5 CFR 551.521 - Fractional hours of work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fractional hours of work. 551.521 Section... ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Overtime Pay Provisions Fractional Hours of Work § 551.521 Fractional hours of work. (a) An employee shall be compensated for every minute of regular overtime work. (b...

5 CFR 551.521 - Fractional hours of work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Fractional hours of work. 551.521 Section... ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Overtime Pay Provisions Fractional Hours of Work § 551.521 Fractional hours of work. (a) An employee shall be compensated for every minute of regular overtime work. (b...

5 CFR 551.541 - Employees engaged in fire protection activities or law enforcement activities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... equal to one and one-half times the employee's hourly regular rate of pay for those hours in a tour of... PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Overtime Pay Provisions Special Overtime Pay Provisions § 551.541 Employees engaged in fire protection...

29 CFR 780.702 - What determines application of the exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... the kind described in the section, and on such employment “within the area of production” as defined... establishment within the area of production, the overtime pay requirements of the Act will not apply to him. ...

5 CFR 532.504 - Compensatory time off.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... irregular or occasional overtime work. (b) At the request of an employee, the head of an agency may grant compensatory time off from an employee's basic work requirement under a flexible work schedule under 5 U.S.C... equal amount of overtime work, whether or not irregular or occasional in nature. (c) An agency may not...

5 CFR 550.114 - Compensatory time off.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) may grant compensatory time off from an employee's basic work requirement under a flexible work schedule under 5 U.S.C. 6122 instead of payment under § 550.113 for an equal amount of overtime work... duty instead of payment under § 550.113 for an equal amount of irregular or occasional overtime work...

48 CFR 22.406-2 - Wages, fringe benefits, and overtime.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... exact cash amounts. In these cases, the hourly cash equivalent of the cost of these items shall be... the contractor's contributions, costs, or payment of cash equivalents for fringe benefits. Overtime... cash to the laborer or mechanic, or deducted from payments under the conditions set forth in 29 CFR 3.5...

9 CFR 307.6 - Basis of billing for overtime and holiday services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Basis of billing for overtime and holiday services. 307.6 Section 307.6 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION...

29 CFR 780.724 - Work exempt under another section of the Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... is exempt only from the overtime pay provisions under another section, the employee is exempt that..., attention is directed to another exemption in the Act which relates to work in grain elevators, which may...

29 CFR 780.724 - Work exempt under another section of the Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... is exempt only from the overtime pay provisions under another section, the employee is exempt that..., attention is directed to another exemption in the Act which relates to work in grain elevators, which may...

29 CFR 780.724 - Work exempt under another section of the Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... is exempt only from the overtime pay provisions under another section, the employee is exempt that..., attention is directed to another exemption in the Act which relates to work in grain elevators, which may...

29 CFR 780.724 - Work exempt under another section of the Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... is exempt only from the overtime pay provisions under another section, the employee is exempt that..., attention is directed to another exemption in the Act which relates to work in grain elevators, which may...

29 CFR 780.724 - Work exempt under another section of the Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... is exempt only from the overtime pay provisions under another section, the employee is exempt that..., attention is directed to another exemption in the Act which relates to work in grain elevators, which may...

29 CFR 778.500 - Artificial regular rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL... provisions of the act cannot be avoided by setting an artificially low hourly rate upon which overtime pay is... for overtime or by any other method or device. (c) Where the employee is hired at a low hourly rate...

Burnout in nursing.

PubMed

Patrick, Kent; Lavery, Judy F

2007-01-01

Previous research has suggested that organisational change can contribute to stress-related outcomes for workers. Burnout, one such stress-related outcome, has been conceptualised as a multidimensional construct consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal accomplishment. Many health care organisations have undergone substantial organisational change over the last decade. The purpose of this study was to assess levels of burnout in nurses and to ascertain if there were individual or work characteristics that were associated with this syndrome. Randomised survey methodology. Registered nurses (Division 1) in Victoria who were ANF members. A random sample of 574 Victorian ANF nurse members. The assessment of levels of burnout in Victorian ANF nurse members and the identification of individual or work characteristics that may be associated with it. Victorian ANF nurse members exhibited lower depersonalisation and higher personal accomplishment compared to medical and overall normative data. Increasing age and fewer working hours were associated with lower levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. Working overtime was positively associated with emotional exhaustion however further analyses demonstrated that those who worked overtime voluntarily did not differ from workers not working overtime. However feeling pressured/expected to work overtime was positively associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. Victorian ANF nurse members were not experiencing high levels of burnout. However the study highlighted the need for health care management to recognise the importance of working reasonable hours and in particular, to understand the potential detrimental effect that having to work pressured or unexpected overtime has on staff.

Critical care nurses' perceptions of the outcomes of working overtime in Canada.

PubMed

Lobo, Vanessa M; Ploeg, Jenny; Fisher, Anita; Peachey, Gladys; Akhtar-Danesh, Noori

Nursing overtime is being integrated into the normal landscape of practice to ensure optimal staffing levels and addresses variations in patient volume and acuity. This is particularly true in critical care where fluctuations in either are difficult to predict. The goal of this study was to explore critical care nurses' perceptions of the outcomes of working overtime. Sally Thorne's interpretive description guided the collection and analysis of data. Participants were recruited from 11 different critical care units within three large teaching hospitals in Southern Ontario, Canada. A total of 28 full- and part-time registered nurses who had worked in an intensive care unit for at least one year took part in this study. Data were collected through semistructured, audio-recorded, individual interviews that took place in rooms adjacent to participants' critical care units. Template analysis facilitated the determination and abstraction of themes using NVivo for Mac 10.1.1. Major themes highlighting the perceived outcomes of overtime included (a) physical effects, (b) impact on patient-centered care, (c) balancing family and work, (d) financial gain, and € safety is jeopardized. Nursing managers and institutions need to be accountable for staffing practices they institute, and nurses themselves may require further education regarding healthy work-life balance. There are both negative and positive consequences of nursing overtime for nurses and patients, but nurses at large valued the option to work it. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: new evidence from the United States

PubMed Central

Dembe, A; Erickson, J; Delbos, R; Banks, S

2005-01-01

Aims: To analyse the impact of overtime and extended working hours on the risk of occupational injuries and illnesses among a nationally representative sample of working adults from the United States. Methods: Responses from 10 793 Americans participating in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) were used to evaluate workers' job histories, work schedules, and occurrence of occupational injury and illness between 1987 and 2000. A total of 110 236 job records were analysed, encompassing 89 729 person-years of accumulated working time. Aggregated incidence rates in each of five exposure categories were calculated for each NLSY survey period. Multivariate analytical techniques were used to estimate the relative risk of long working hours per day, extended hours per week, long commute times, and overtime schedules on reporting a work related injury or illness, after adjusting for age, gender, occupation, industry, and region. Results: After adjusting for those factors, working in jobs with overtime schedules was associated with a 61% higher injury hazard rate compared to jobs without overtime. Working at least 12 hours per day was associated with a 37% increased hazard rate and working at least 60 hours per week was associated with a 23% increased hazard rate. A strong dose-response effect was observed, with the injury rate (per 100 accumulated worker-years in a particular schedule) increasing in correspondence to the number of hours per day (or per week) in the workers' customary schedule. Conclusions: Results suggest that job schedules with long working hours are not more risky merely because they are concentrated in inherently hazardous industries or occupations, or because people working long hours spend more total time "at risk" for a work injury. Strategies to prevent work injuries should consider changes in scheduling practices, job redesign, and health protection programmes for people working in jobs involving overtime and extended hours. PMID:16109814

The impact of overtime and long work hours on occupational injuries and illnesses: new evidence from the United States.

PubMed

Dembe, A E; Erickson, J B; Delbos, R G; Banks, S M

2005-09-01

To analyse the impact of overtime and extended working hours on the risk of occupational injuries and illnesses among a nationally representative sample of working adults from the United States. Responses from 10,793 Americans participating in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) were used to evaluate workers' job histories, work schedules, and occurrence of occupational injury and illness between 1987 and 2000. A total of 110,236 job records were analysed, encompassing 89,729 person-years of accumulated working time. Aggregated incidence rates in each of five exposure categories were calculated for each NLSY survey period. Multivariate analytical techniques were used to estimate the relative risk of long working hours per day, extended hours per week, long commute times, and overtime schedules on reporting a work related injury or illness, after adjusting for age, gender, occupation, industry, and region. After adjusting for those factors, working in jobs with overtime schedules was associated with a 61% higher injury hazard rate compared to jobs without overtime. Working at least 12 hours per day was associated with a 37% increased hazard rate and working at least 60 hours per week was associated with a 23% increased hazard rate. A strong dose-response effect was observed, with the injury rate (per 100 accumulated worker-years in a particular schedule) increasing in correspondence to the number of hours per day (or per week) in the workers' customary schedule. Results suggest that job schedules with long working hours are not more risky merely because they are concentrated in inherently hazardous industries or occupations, or because people working long hours spend more total time "at risk" for a work injury. Strategies to prevent work injuries should consider changes in scheduling practices, job redesign, and health protection programmes for people working in jobs involving overtime and extended hours.

29 CFR 778.311 - Flat rate for special job performed in overtime hours.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... times the applicable rate to pieceworkers for work performed during overtime hours, as discussed in... basis under discussion. (1) An employment agreement calls for the payment of $5 per hour for work during... $7.50 per hour for work during hours outside the basic workday or workweek. It further provides that...

46 CFR 9.6 - Rate for night service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... OVERTIME SERVICES § 9.6 Rate for night service. The rate of extra compensation for authorized overtime services performed at night on any week day is hereby fixed at one half the gross daily rate of regular pay... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Rate for night service. 9.6 Section 9.6 Shipping COAST...

29 CFR 516.16 - Commission employees of a retail or service establishment exempt from overtime pay requirements...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... Act; Other Special Requirements § 516.16 Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... of a retail or service establishment exempt from the overtime pay requirements of the Act pursuant to...

29 CFR 516.16 - Commission employees of a retail or service establishment exempt from overtime pay requirements...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... Act; Other Special Requirements § 516.16 Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... of a retail or service establishment exempt from the overtime pay requirements of the Act pursuant to...

29 CFR 516.16 - Commission employees of a retail or service establishment exempt from overtime pay requirements...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... Act; Other Special Requirements § 516.16 Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... of a retail or service establishment exempt from the overtime pay requirements of the Act pursuant to...

29 CFR 516.16 - Commission employees of a retail or service establishment exempt from overtime pay requirements...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... Act; Other Special Requirements § 516.16 Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... of a retail or service establishment exempt from the overtime pay requirements of the Act pursuant to...

29 CFR 516.16 - Commission employees of a retail or service establishment exempt from overtime pay requirements...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... Act; Other Special Requirements § 516.16 Commission employees of a retail or service establishment... of a retail or service establishment exempt from the overtime pay requirements of the Act pursuant to...

9 CFR 590.130 - Basis of billing plants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Basis of billing plants. 590.130... of Service § 590.130 Basis of billing plants. Overtime and/or holiday services shall be billed to the official plant on the basis of each 15 minutes of overtime and/or holiday service performed by each...

9 CFR 590.130 - Basis of billing plants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Basis of billing plants. 590.130... of Service § 590.130 Basis of billing plants. Overtime and/or holiday services shall be billed to the official plant on the basis of each 15 minutes of overtime and/or holiday service performed by each...

9 CFR 590.130 - Basis of billing plants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Basis of billing plants. 590.130... of Service § 590.130 Basis of billing plants. Overtime and/or holiday services shall be billed to the official plant on the basis of each 15 minutes of overtime and/or holiday service performed by each...

9 CFR 590.130 - Basis of billing plants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Basis of billing plants. 590.130... of Service § 590.130 Basis of billing plants. Overtime and/or holiday services shall be billed to the official plant on the basis of each 15 minutes of overtime and/or holiday service performed by each...

29 CFR 780.321 - Minors 16 years of age or under.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment in Agriculture That Is Exempted From the Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section... years of age and the employer must pay to such an employee the applicable statutory minimum wage unless..., although section 13(a)(6)(D) provides a minimum wage and overtime exemption for minors 16 years of age or...

Impact of worktime arrangements on work-home interference among Dutch employees.

PubMed

Jansen, Nicole W H; Kant, Ijmert; Nijhuis, Frans J N; Swaen, Gerard M H; Kristensen, Tage S

2004-04-01

This study examined the effects of different worktime arrangements on work-home interference while taking into account other work-related factors, private situation and health status, explored gender differences in this relation, and examined reciprocal effects between workhours and work-home interference. Data from the Maastricht cohort study on fatigue at work were used with 8 months of follow-up (N=6947 at baseline). Worktime arrangements were related to work-home interference among the men and women, even after control for confounding. As compared with daywork, baseline shiftwork was associated with higher work-home interference over time. Within daywork, full-time work was prospectively related to higher work-home interference than part-time work was. For full-timers, baseline overtime work, hours of overtime work, change in number of workhours, and commuting time were related to higher work-home interference over time, whereas compensation for overtime work, familiarity with work roster, ability to take a day off, and a decrease in workhours at own request were associated with less work-home interference. For the part-timers, baseline overtime work and commuting time were related to higher work-home interference over time, whereas compensation for overtime, flexible workhours, and ability to take a day off were protective against work-home interference. Reciprocal relations between work-home interference and workhours were also found. Worktime arrangements are clearly related to work-home interference. Because reciprocal effects exist as well, important selection processes may exist. Nevertheless, specific characteristics of worktime arrangements could constitute useful tools for reducing work-home interference.

29 CFR 531.37 - Overtime workweeks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... thus entitled to receive a total of $103.50 for the week ((40 hours × $2.25=$90)+(4 hours × $3.37 1/2..., whose maximum nonovertime workweek under section 7(a) of the Act is 40 hours, works 44 hours during a... compensation of $4.50 in cash for the 4 overtime hours must, therefore, be paid by the employer, to meet the...

9 CFR 97.1 - Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1 97.1 Section 97.1 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT... laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1 1 For designated ports of entry for certain animals...

9 CFR 97.1 - Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1 97.1 Section 97.1 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT... laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1 1 For designated ports of entry for certain animals...

9 CFR 97.1 - Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Overtime work at laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1 97.1 Section 97.1 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT... laboratories, border ports, ocean ports, and airports. 1 1 For designated ports of entry for certain animals...

76 FR 59163 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for OMB Emergency Review: Comment Request...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-23

... statement that overtime will be available to the worker and the wage offer for working any overtime hours... non-U.S. workers will not have an adverse effect on either the wages or the working conditions of U.S... Career Centers and the U.S. employment service delivery system nationwide. d. Where the occupation or...

[Burnout in Nursing Professionals Performing Overtime Workdays in Emergency and Critical Care Departments. Spain].

PubMed

Cañadas-De la Fuente, Guillermo Arturo; Albendín-García, Luis; de la Fuente, Emilia Inmaculada; San Luis, Concepción; Gómez-Urquiza, José Luis; Cañadas, Gustavo Raúl

2016-09-14

Burnout syndrome is a disorder that seriously affects people who suffer it, the institutions in which they work and the quality of healthcare. It is of great interest to advance in burnout research for its possible prevention. The aim of this work was to study the levels of burnout syndrome in nurses of emergency department with overtime workdays and to know the relationship between burnout and personality characteristics. Multicenter cross-sectional study with a sample of 1225 emergency nurses from the Andalusian Health Service. Demographic, social and occupational variables were recorded. Burnout was assessed with Maslach Burnout Inventory and personality factors with NEO-Five Factor Inventory. Descriptive analysis of the variables, independent means hypothesis contrast and bayesian analysis were done. 44.1% of nurses who perform overtime workdays have high burnout versus a 38% for those without such overload. These differences have been also found in burnout dimensions, especially in emotional exhaustion (15.3% versus 10.8%) and depersonalization (17.9% versus 11.8%). Overtime workdays performed by emergency nurses seems to have a negative on them and it could also influence the development of burnout syndrome.

5 CFR 591.239 - How do agencies treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How do agencies treat COLAs and post... treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other entitlements? (a) Agencies include COLAs in the employee's straight time rate of pay and include COLAs and post differentials in an...

5 CFR 591.239 - How do agencies treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false How do agencies treat COLAs and post... treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other entitlements? (a) Agencies include COLAs in the employee's straight time rate of pay and include COLAs and post differentials in an...

5 CFR 591.239 - How do agencies treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false How do agencies treat COLAs and post... treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other entitlements? (a) Agencies include COLAs in the employee's straight time rate of pay and include COLAs and post differentials in an...

5 CFR 591.239 - How do agencies treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How do agencies treat COLAs and post... treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other entitlements? (a) Agencies include COLAs in the employee's straight time rate of pay and include COLAs and post differentials in an...

5 CFR 591.239 - How do agencies treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How do agencies treat COLAs and post... treat COLAs and post differentials for the purpose of overtime pay and other entitlements? (a) Agencies include COLAs in the employee's straight time rate of pay and include COLAs and post differentials in an...

Overtime in Relation to Blood Pressure and Mood during Work, Leisure, and Night Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rau, Renate; Triemer, Antje

2004-01-01

This study examined the association between characteristics of the workplace and overtime. A sample of 117 women and 126 men were assessed over 24 hours of a working day by means of a computerized diary and ambulant monitoring of blood pressure. Of the total sample, 178 participants had a contractual weekly working time of 40 hours. Of these, 106…

The Overtime Rule in the National Football League: Fair or Unfair?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gorgievski, Nicholas; DeFranco, Thomas C.; Swaminatha, Hariharan; Sofronas, Kimberly S.

2010-01-01

In 1974, the National Football League (NFL) initiated a sudden death overtime rule for games ending in a tie score at the end of regulation time. The rule states that the sudden death system of determining the winner shall prevail when the score is tied at the end of the regulation playing time of all NFL games. The team scoring first during…

Agricultural Handling and Processing Industries; Data Pertinent to an Evaluation of Overtime Exemptions Available under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Volume I.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wage and Labor Standards Administration (DOL), Washington, DC.

This report covers the major agricultural handling and processing industries qualifying for partial overtime exemption under the Fair Labor Standards Act and evaluates the need for such exemptions. Questionnaires which were sent to firms in various processing industries provide data on nearly 4,000 processors. The results show that existing…

29 CFR 778.310 - Fixed sum for varying amounts of overtime.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... premium in the form of a lump sum which is paid for work performed during overtime hours without regard to... money may be equal to or greater than the sum owed on a per hour basis. For example, an agreement that provides for the payment of a flat sum of $75 to employees who work on Sunday does not provide a premium...

Association of nursing overtime, nurse staffing and unit occupancy with medical incidents and outcomes of very preterm infants.

PubMed

Beltempo, M; Lacroix, G; Cabot, M; Blais, R; Piedboeuf, B

2018-02-01

To examine the association of nursing overtime, nursing provision and unit occupancy rate with medical incident rates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the risk of mortality or major morbidity among very preterm infants. Single center retrospective cohort study of infants born within 23 to 29 weeks of gestational age or birth weight <1000 g admitted at a 56 bed, level III NICU. Nursing overtime ratios (nursing overtime hours/total nursing hours), nursing provision ratios (nursing hours/recommended nursing hours based on patient dependency categories) and unit occupancy rates were pooled for all shifts during NICU hospitalization of each infant. Log-binomial models assessed their association with the composite outcome (mortality or major morbidity). Of the 257 infants that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (51%) developed the composite outcome. In the adjusted multivariable analyses, high (>3.4%) relative to low nursing overtime ratios (⩽3.4%) were not associated with the composite outcome (relative risk (RR): 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86 to 1.02). High nursing provision ratios (>1) were associated with a lower risk of the composite outcome relative to low ones (⩽1) (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90). NICU occupancy rates were not associated with the composite outcome (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.07, high (>100%) vs low (⩽100%)). Days with high nursing provision ratios (>1) were also associated with lower risk of having medical incidents (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.82 to 0.99). High nursing provision ratio during NICU hospitalization is associated with a lower risk of a composite adverse outcome in very preterm infants.

Nurses' shift length and overtime working in 12 European countries: the association with perceived quality of care and patient safety.

PubMed

Griffiths, Peter; Dall'Ora, Chiara; Simon, Michael; Ball, Jane; Lindqvist, Rikard; Rafferty, Anne-Marie; Schoonhoven, Lisette; Tishelman, Carol; Aiken, Linda H

2014-11-01

Despite concerns as to whether nurses can perform reliably and effectively when working longer shifts, a pattern of two 12- to 13-hour shifts per day is becoming common in many hospitals to reduce shift to shift handovers, staffing overlap, and hence costs. To describe shift patterns of European nurses and investigate whether shift length and working beyond contracted hours (overtime) is associated with nurse-reported care quality, safety, and care left undone. Cross-sectional survey of 31,627 registered nurses in general medical/surgical units within 488 hospitals across 12 European countries. A total of 50% of nurses worked shifts of ≤ 8 hours, but 15% worked ≥ 12 hours. Typical shift length varied between countries and within some countries. Nurses working for ≥ 12 hours were more likely to report poor or failing patient safety [odds ratio (OR)=1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-1.76], poor/fair quality of care (OR=1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.53), and more care activities left undone (RR=1.13; 95% CI, 1.09-1.16). Working overtime was also associated with reports of poor or failing patient safety (OR=1.67; 95% CI, 1.51-1.86), poor/fair quality of care (OR=1.32; 95% CI, 1.23-1.42), and more care left undone (RR=1.29; 95% CI, 1.27-1.31). European registered nurses working shifts of ≥ 12 hours and those working overtime report lower quality and safety and more care left undone. Policies to adopt a 12-hour nursing shift pattern should proceed with caution. Use of overtime working to mitigate staffing shortages or increase flexibility may also incur additional risk to quality.

Nurses’ Shift Length and Overtime Working in 12 European Countries

PubMed Central

Dall’Ora, Chiara; Simon, Michael; Ball, Jane; Lindqvist, Rikard; Rafferty, Anne-Marie; Schoonhoven, Lisette; Tishelman, Carol; Aiken, Linda H.

2014-01-01

Background: Despite concerns as to whether nurses can perform reliably and effectively when working longer shifts, a pattern of two 12- to 13-hour shifts per day is becoming common in many hospitals to reduce shift to shift handovers, staffing overlap, and hence costs. Objectives: To describe shift patterns of European nurses and investigate whether shift length and working beyond contracted hours (overtime) is associated with nurse-reported care quality, safety, and care left undone. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 31,627 registered nurses in general medical/surgical units within 488 hospitals across 12 European countries. Results: A total of 50% of nurses worked shifts of ≤8 hours, but 15% worked ≥12 hours. Typical shift length varied between countries and within some countries. Nurses working for ≥12 hours were more likely to report poor or failing patient safety [odds ratio (OR)=1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–1.76], poor/fair quality of care (OR=1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.53), and more care activities left undone (RR=1.13; 95% CI, 1.09–1.16). Working overtime was also associated with reports of poor or failing patient safety (OR=1.67; 95% CI, 1.51–1.86), poor/fair quality of care (OR=1.32; 95% CI, 1.23–1.42), and more care left undone (RR=1.29; 95% CI, 1.27–1.31). Conclusions: European registered nurses working shifts of ≥12 hours and those working overtime report lower quality and safety and more care left undone. Policies to adopt a 12-hour nursing shift pattern should proceed with caution. Use of overtime working to mitigate staffing shortages or increase flexibility may also incur additional risk to quality. PMID:25226543

Heavy overtime work and depressive disorder among male workers.

PubMed

Kato, R; Haruyama, Y; Endo, M; Tsutsumi, A; Muto, T

2014-12-01

The association between overtime and depression is unclear and very few studies have examined the association between heavy overtime work, i.e. working more than 60 h per week, and depression. To examine the association between heavy overtime work and the onset of depressive disorder among male workers. A 1-year follow-up cohort study of male workers in a manufacturing company in Japan, between 2008 and 2009. Working hours, depressive disorder, assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale (score ≥16 points), and covariates were measured at baseline and at follow-up. Participants who had depressive disorder at baseline were excluded. At follow-up, 1194 participants aged between 18 and 71 years were analysed. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio for the new onset of depressive disorder was 4.5 (95% CI 1.8-11.1) times higher for employees working >60 h per week than for those working ≤50 h per week, when adjusted for age, lifestyle factors, work-related characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics at baseline and working hours at follow-up. However, the correlation between working 50.1 to 60 h per week and depressive disorder was not significant. The trend test of depressive disorder among groups by working hours was significant (P < 0.01). Heavy overtime work is a risk factor for the new onset of depressive disorder in this population of male workers. Working >60 h per week may be the cut-off to screen for high-risk groups who need preventive action against depressive disorder. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Occupational Medicine. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

29 CFR 516.23 - Employees of hospitals and residential care facilities compensated for overtime work on the basis...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... employee's 14-day work period begins, (2) Hours worked each workday and total hours worked each 14-day work period, (3) Total straight-time wages paid for hours worked during the 14-day period, (4) Total overtime excess compensation paid for hours worked in excess of 8 in a workday and 80 in the work period. (b) A...

29 CFR 778.120 - Deferred commission payments not identifiable as earned in particular workweeks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... Assume that he is due overtime compensation after 40 hours and that in the 4-week period he worked 44, 40, 44 and 48 hours. He would be due additional compensation of $4.36 for the first and third week ($96÷44=$2.18÷2=$1.09×4 overtime hours=$4.36), no extra compensation for the second week during which no...

5 CFR 550.153 - Bases for determining positions for which premium pay under § 550.151 is authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... or occasional overtime work means an average of at least 3 hours a week of that overtime work. (2... Uncontrollable Work § 550.153 Bases for determining positions for which premium pay under § 550.151 is authorized. (a) The requirement in § 550.151 that a position be one in which the hours of duty cannot be...

A cross-sectional study of the association between working hours and sleep duration among the Japanese working population.

PubMed

Ohtsu, Tadahiro; Kaneita, Yoshitaka; Aritake, Sayaka; Mishima, Kazuo; Uchiyama, Makoto; Akashiba, Tsuneto; Uchimura, Naohisa; Nakaji, Shigeyuki; Munezawa, Takeshi; Kokaze, Akatsuki; Ohida, Takashi

2013-01-01

This study aimed to clarify the association between long working hours and short sleep duration among Japanese workers. We selected 4,000 households from across Japan by stratified random sampling and conducted an interview survey of a total of 662 participants (372 men; 290 women) in November 2009. Logistic regression analyses were performed using "sleep duration <6 hours per day" as a dependent variable to examine the association between working hours/overtime hours and short sleep duration. When male participants who worked for ≥7 but <9 hours per day were used as a reference, the odds ratio (OR) for short sleep duration in those who worked for ≥ 11 hours was 8.62 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.94-18.86). With regard to overtime hours among men, when participants without overtime were used as a reference, the OR for those whose period of overtime was ≥ 3 hours but <4 hours was 3.59 (95% CI: 1.42-9.08). For both men and women, those with long weekday working hours tended to have a short sleep duration during weekdays and holidays. It is essential to avoid working long hours in order to prevent short sleep duration.

Nurse practitioners' work hours and overtime: How much, and under what working conditions?

PubMed

Bae, Sung-Heui; Champion, Jane Dimmitt

2016-03-01

To explore the nature and prevalence of nurse practitioner (NP) overtime, work hours, and their relationship to practice within NP work conditions. A secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2012 National Sample Survey of Nurse Practitioners. The focus in this study was on data from NPs in active practice in clinical settings. The final analytic sample consisted of 9010 NPs. NPs working in hospitals and long-term care settings tended to work more than 40 h/week (p < .001). When healthcare facilities used electronic health records (p < .001) or had recently adopted electronic health records (p = .002), NPs were found to work more hours per week than those who did not. Regarding the type of relationships with physicians, NPs who worked more than 40 h/week either had hierarchical relationships with them (p < 0.001), or relationships in which the physician examined and signed off on patients whom the NP had examined (p < .001). These analyses provide a preliminary description of the nature and prevalence of NP work hours/overtime and work conditions related to longer work hours. Further study is indicated to assess the potential impact of work hours/overtime on NP roles and patient outcomes. ©2015 American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

29 CFR 794.142 - Special compensation when overtime in excess of 12 daily or 56 weekly hours is worked in the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... employee in a workweek when his hours worked do not exceed 56 in the week; and for all weekly overtime hours in excess of 56 which he works in a workweek when he does not work more than 12 hours in any day. When an employee works in excess of both the daily and weekly maximum hours standards in any workweek...

29 CFR 778.406 - Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

.... Midland Finance Co. (N.D. Ga.), 16 WH Cases 141; Trager v. J. E. Plastics Mfg. Co. (S.D.N.Y.), 13 WH Cases... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be... must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply. Any employment in which the employee's hours fluctuate...

29 CFR 778.406 - Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... Midland Finance Co. (N.D. Ga.), 16 WH Cases 141; Trager v. J. E. Plastics Mfg. Co. (S.D.N.Y.), 13 WH Cases... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be... must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply. Any employment in which the employee's hours fluctuate...

29 CFR 778.406 - Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... Midland Finance Co. (N.D. Ga.), 16 WH Cases 141; Trager v. J. E. Plastics Mfg. Co. (S.D.N.Y.), 13 WH Cases... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be... must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply. Any employment in which the employee's hours fluctuate...

29 CFR 778.406 - Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... Midland Finance Co. (N.D. Ga.), 16 WH Cases 141; Trager v. J. E. Plastics Mfg. Co. (S.D.N.Y.), 13 WH Cases... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be... must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply. Any employment in which the employee's hours fluctuate...

29 CFR 778.406 - Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

.... Midland Finance Co. (N.D. Ga.), 16 WH Cases 141; Trager v. J. E. Plastics Mfg. Co. (S.D.N.Y.), 13 WH Cases... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Nonovertime hours as well as overtime hours must be... must be irregular if section 7(f) is to apply. Any employment in which the employee's hours fluctuate...

Associations among Work and Family Health Climate, Health Behaviors, Work Schedule and Body Weight

PubMed Central

Buden, Jennifer C.; Dugan, Alicia G.; Faghri, Pouran D.; Huedo-Medina, Tania B.; Namazi, Sara; Cherniack, Martin G.

2017-01-01

Objectives Correctional employees exhibit elevated obesity rates. This study examines interrelations among health behaviors, health climate, BMI, and work schedule. Methods Using survey results from correctional supervisors (n=157), mediation and moderated-mediation analyses were performed to examine how health behaviors explain relationships between obesity, work health climate (WHC) and family health climate (FHC), and work schedule. Results Over 85% of the sample was overweight/obese (mean BMI=30.20). Higher WHC and FHC were associated with lower BMI, mediated by nutrition and physical activity. The interaction effect between health behavior and work schedule revealed a protective effect on BMI. Overtime shiftwork may share a relationship with BMI. Conclusions Findings may have implications for reexamining organizational policies on maximum weekly overtime in corrections. They provide direction for targeted obesity interventions that encourage a supportive FHC and promote healthy behaviors among supervisors working overtime. PMID:28471768

A nurse staffing analysis at the largest hospital in the Gulf region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Louly, M.; Gharbi, A.; Azaiez, M. N.; Bouras, A.

2014-12-01

The paper considers a staffing problem at a local hospital. The managers consider they are understaffed and try to overwhelm the staffing deficit problem through overtime, rather than hiring additional nurses. However, the huge amount of allocated budget for overtime becomes a concern and needs some assessment, analysis and justification. The current hospital estimates suggests that the shortage at the hospital level corresponds to 300 full time equivalent (FTE) nurses, but the deficit is not basedon deep scientific approach. This paper deals with staffing model that provides the required scientific evidence on the deficit level. It also gives the accurate information on the overtime components. As a results, the suggested staffing model shows that some nursing units are unnecessarily overstaffed. Moreover, the current study reveals that the real deficit is of only 215 FTE resulting in a potential saving of 28%.

Identifying Strategies to Decrease Overtime, Absenteeism and Agency Use: Insights from Healthcare Leaders.

PubMed

Jeffs, Lianne; Grinspun, Doris; Closson, Tom; Mainville, Marie-Claude

2015-09-01

Working overtime, absenteeism and agency use can negatively impact working environments, the health of staff and patient outcomes, and increase healthcare costs. The purpose of this study was to explore how healthcare leaders in Ontario hospitals implement and sustain best practices that advance workforce stability within their organization. Qualitative study design using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Participants included 23 healthcare leaders from 16 hospital sites. Two main themes emerged: (1) enacting proactive human resource practices and (2) having strong, caring and strategic leaders that create learning and supportive work environments. A number of sub-themes identified were reported through narratives stratified according to size (small/large) and performance (low/high) of each site. Insights gained from this study may offer healthcare leaders strategies to maximize the nursing workforce and minimize overtime, absenteeism and agency use to ensure safe, efficient and quality healthcare. Copyright © 2015 Longwoods Publishing.

Hubble Systems Optimize Hospital Schedules

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

Don Rosenthal, a former Ames Research Center computer scientist who helped design the Hubble Space Telescope's scheduling software, co-founded Allocade Inc. of Menlo Park, California, in 2004. Allocade's OnCue software helps hospitals reclaim unused capacity and optimize constantly changing schedules for imaging procedures. After starting to use the software, one medical center soon reported noticeable improvements in efficiency, including a 12 percent increase in procedure volume, 35 percent reduction in staff overtime, and significant reductions in backlog and technician phone time. Allocade now offers versions for outpatient and inpatient magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, Positron Emission Tomography (PET), radiography, radiography-fluoroscopy, and mammography.

Nurse staffing level and overtime associated with patient safety, quality of care, and care left undone in hospitals: A cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Cho, Eunhee; Lee, Nam-Ju; Kim, Eun-Young; Kim, Sinhye; Lee, Kyongeun; Park, Kwang-Ok; Sung, Young Hee

2016-08-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the association of nurse staffing and overtime with nurse-perceived patient safety, nurse-perceived quality of care, and care left undone. A cross-sectional survey. A total of 65 hospitals were selected from all of the acute hospitals (n=295) with 100 or more beds in South Korea by using a stratified random sampling method based on region and number of beds, and 60 hospitals participated in the study. All RNs working on the date of data collection in units randomly selected from the list of units in each hospital were invited to participate. The analyses in this study included only bedside RNs (n=3037) and hospitals (n=51) with responses from at least 10 bedside RNs. We collected data on nurse staffing level, overtime, nurse-perceived patient safety, nurse-perceived quality of care, nurse-reported care left undone, and nurse characteristics through a nurse survey. Facility data from the Health Insurance Review Agency (HIRA) were used to collect hospital characteristics. Multilevel logistic regression models considering that nurses are clustered in hospitals were used to analyze the effects of hospital nurse staffing and overtime on patient safety, quality of care, and care left undone. A higher number of patients per RN was significantly associated with higher odds of reporting poor/failing patient safety (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.004-1.03) and poor/fair quality of care (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01-1.04), and of having care left undone due to lack of time (OR=1.03, 95% CI=1.01-1.05). Compared with RNs who did not work overtime, RNs working overtime reported an 88% increase in failing or poor patient safety (OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.40-2.52), a 45% increase in fair or poor quality of nursing care (OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.17-1.80), and an 86% increase in care left undone (OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.48-2.35). Our findings suggest that ensuring appropriate nurse staffing and working hours is important to improve the quality and safety of care and to reduce care left undone in hospitals. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The neural circuits for arithmetic principles.

PubMed

Liu, Jie; Zhang, Han; Chen, Chuansheng; Chen, Hui; Cui, Jiaxin; Zhou, Xinlin

2017-02-15

Arithmetic principles are the regularities underlying arithmetic computation. Little is known about how the brain supports the processing of arithmetic principles. The current fMRI study examined neural activation and functional connectivity during the processing of verbalized arithmetic principles, as compared to numerical computation and general language processing. As expected, arithmetic principles elicited stronger activation in bilateral horizontal intraparietal sulcus and right supramarginal gyrus than did language processing, and stronger activation in left middle temporal lobe and left orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus than did computation. In contrast, computation elicited greater activation in bilateral horizontal intraparietal sulcus (extending to posterior superior parietal lobule) than did either arithmetic principles or language processing. Functional connectivity analysis with the psychophysiological interaction approach (PPI) showed that left temporal-parietal (MTG-HIPS) connectivity was stronger during the processing of arithmetic principle and language than during computation, whereas parietal-occipital connectivities were stronger during computation than during the processing of arithmetic principles and language. Additionally, the left fronto-parietal (orbital IFG-HIPS) connectivity was stronger during the processing of arithmetic principles than during computation. The results suggest that verbalized arithmetic principles engage a neural network that overlaps but is distinct from the networks for computation and language processing. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Overtime Work as a Predictor of Major Depressive Episode: A 5-Year Follow-Up of the Whitehall II Study

PubMed Central

Virtanen, Marianna; Stansfeld, Stephen A.; Fuhrer, Rebecca; Ferrie, Jane E.; Kivimäki, Mika

2012-01-01

Background The association between overtime work and depression is still unclear. This study examined the association between overtime work and the onset of a major depressive episode (MDE). Methodology/Principal Findings Prospective cohort study with a baseline examination of working hours, psychological morbidity (an indicator of baseline depression) and depression risk factors in 1991–1993 and a follow-up of major depressive episode in 1997–1999 (mean follow-up 5.8 years) among British civil servants (the Whitehall II study; 1626 men, 497 women, mean age 47 years at baseline). Onset of 12-month MDE was assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) at follow-up. In prospective analysis of participants with no psychological morbidity at baseline, the odds ratio for a subsequent major depressive episode was 2.43 (95% confidence interval 1.11 to 5.30) times higher for those working 11+ hours a day compared to employees working 7–8 hours a day, when adjusted for socio-demographic factors at baseline. Further adjustment for chronic physical disease, smoking, alcohol use, job strain and work-related social support had little effect on this association (odds ratio 2.52; 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 5.65). Conclusions/Significance Data from middle-aged civil servants suggest that working long hours of overtime may predispose to major depressive episodes. PMID:22295106

High prevalence of neck, shoulder and back pain among nursing graduates warrants preventive strategies during the degree and into working life.

PubMed

Yassi, Annalee

2015-04-01

Implications for practice and research: Physical, organisational and social aspects of work significantly contribute to musculoskeletal pain in nurses, along with nonoccupational contextual and personal factors. Measures to prevent neck, shoulder and back pain in nurses should be implemented for nurses from the very beginning of their training programmes, while modifications to overtime work and physical loads should be seriously considered. Preventive measures targeting overtime work, physical workload and psychosocial factors need investigating further.

Family roots of empathy-related characteristics: the role of perceived maternal and paternal need support in adolescence.

PubMed

Miklikowska, Marta; Duriez, Bart; Soenens, Bart

2011-09-01

Theories on empathy development have stressed the role of socialization in general and the role of parental support in particular. This 3-wave longitudinal study of middle adolescents (N = 678) aimed to contribute to the extant research on the socialization of empathy (a) by examining the relative contribution of perceived maternal and paternal need supportive parenting on over-time changes in adolescents' emotional and cognitive aspects of empathy (i.e., empathic concern and perspective taking, respectively) and (b) by considering the possibility of reciprocal relations between perceived parenting and adolescent empathy. Whereas paternal need support consistently predicted over-time changes in perspective taking in both sons and daughters, perceived maternal need support predicted changes in empathic concern among daughters only. In addition, although less consistently so, empathy dimensions also predicted over-time changes in perceived parenting. Results are discussed in terms of the nature of empathy and in the light of domain-specific effects of each parent.

Association of work-related factors with psychosocial job stressors and psychosomatic symptoms among Japanese pediatricians.

PubMed

Umehara, Katsura; Ohya, Yukihiro; Kawakami, Norito; Tsutsumi, Akizumi; Fujimura, Masanori

2007-11-01

A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore what work-related factors were associated with job stress among pediatricians in Japan, as determined by the demand-control-support model and psychosomatic symptoms. We sent an anonymous questionnaire to a random sample of 3,000 members selected from the nationwide register of the Japan Pediatric Society and received 850 responses (response rate, 28%). Data from the 590 respondents who worked more than 35 h per week as a pediatrician and had no missing responses in the questionnaire were analyzed. We measured workload-related variables (e.g. working hours, work schedule) and recovery-related variables (e.g. workdays with no overtime, days off with no work in the past month) as exposure variables, and psychosocial job stressors (the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire) and psychosomatic symptoms as outcome variables. Longer working hours per week was significantly associated with greater job demand, lower job control and more psychosomatic symptoms (p<0.05). After adjusting for working hours, more workdays with no overtime was significantly associated with lower job demand, greater job control and fewer psychosomatic symptoms (p<0.05). Our findings suggest that long working hours is a risk factor for job stressors and psychosomatic symptoms, and that workdays with no overtime is a protective factor which may facilitate recovery. Controlling working hours and encouraging non-overtime workdays may be important for reducing job stressors and psychosomatic symptoms among pediatricians in Japan.

Use, trends, and impacts of nurse overtime in New York hospitals, 1995--2000

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berney, Barbara L.

Over the last several years, nurses and their advocates have expressed concern about heavy use of overtime (OT) in hospitals and claimed that it undermines the quality of nursing care. Some hospital managers view OT as an important staffing and scheduling tool. This study examines trends in the use of nurse overtime and its effects on several nurse-sensitive patient outcomes. Previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between several patient outcomes and nurse staffing levels, but little is known about the impact of nurse overtime on patient outcomes. Using staffing and discharge data covering 1995 to 2000 from 160 acute general hospitals in New York State, this study examines hospital characteristics that are associated with the use of OT. These characteristics include size, location, RN unionization, hospital ownership and teaching status. The study examines trends in the use of OT. Finally, it uses multivariate regression to analyze the relationship between OT and the rates of six nurse-sensitive patient outcomes and mortality. Significant differences were observed in the use of OT by hospital ownership and by union status. Government hospitals used less OT than non-government hospitals. Non-union hospitals used slightly less OT than hospitals with unionized nurses. As total RN hours and straight (non-OT) hours per acute inpatient day increased, OT decreased. OT use as a percent of total inpatient RN hours increased significantly over the study period from 3.9% to 5.5%. Trends varied by hospital characteristic. This dissertation finds little evidence for an association between nurse OT and patient outcomes. One reason may be that the administrative data used track OT use and adverse events for whole years. Since OT use is episodic, data that examine the occurrence of adverse events during periods of heavy nurse overtime may be more sensitive to the impact of OT. That hospitals vary dramatically in their OT use and that some categories of hospitals (e.g. government-owned) use very little OT---without apparent effect on patient outcomes---suggests that hospital management can find substitutes for OT to meet fluctuating staffing needs.

Absence from work in relation to length and distribution of shift hours

PubMed Central

Walker, J.; Mare, Gwynneth de la

1971-01-01

Walker, J., and de la Mare, Gwynneth (1971). Brit. J. industr. Med., 28, 36-44. Absence from work in relation to length and distribution of shift hours. A long period on night shift or even permanent night work has sometimes been suggested for those on continuous shift work to allow circadian rhythms to adapt. As the weekly hours of work have been reduced there is some evidence that a permanent night shift is practical, and about 12% of all shift workers are on this type of work. However, the case for permanent night shift must be established on grounds of both effectiveness and acceptability. The present study compares the absence experience, including sickness absence, of permanent day workers and permanent night workers matched for age and job in three undertakings which contained a range of working conditions. The question of the relationship between absence from work and total hours worked including overtime has been reopened, and in comparing absence from work according to the type of shift the total hours worked must also be taken into account. The relationship between the average hours when a man was at work and the amount of absence was tested. The men in the three undertakings worked a wide range of voluntary overtime. The results showed that in two undertakings long-term absence, mainly sickness absence, was higher on the night shift than on the day shift; and, in the third, absence was about the same on the two shifts. As the work load was less in the two undertakings with a higher absence on the night shift it was suggested that selective factors were operating. These results may be contrasted to studies which have compared the absence of rotating shift workers and day workers. In all three undertakings there was a tendency for absence to be less among high overtime workers than among those who worked medium or small amounts of overtime, although the trends were not consistent. There was no evidence at all that high overtime and absence from work were positively associated. The implications of these results are discussed. PMID:5101167

Political leaders and the media. Can we measure political leadership images in newspapers using computer-assisted content analysis?

PubMed

Aaldering, Loes; Vliegenthart, Rens

Despite the large amount of research into both media coverage of politics as well as political leadership, surprisingly little research has been devoted to the ways political leaders are discussed in the media. This paper studies whether computer-aided content analysis can be applied in examining political leadership images in Dutch newspaper articles. It, firstly, provides a conceptualization of political leader character traits that integrates different perspectives in the literature. Moreover, this paper measures twelve political leadership images in media coverage, based on a large-scale computer-assisted content analysis of Dutch media coverage (including almost 150.000 newspaper articles), and systematically tests the quality of the employed measurement instrument by assessing the relationship between the images, the variance in the measurement, the over-time development of images for two party leaders and by comparing the computer results with manual coding. We conclude that the computerized content analysis provides a valid measurement for the leadership images in Dutch newspapers. Moreover, we find that the dimensions political craftsmanship, vigorousness, integrity, communicative performances and consistency are regularly applied in discussing party leaders, but that portrayal of party leaders in terms of responsiveness is almost completely absent in Dutch newspapers.

Sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of consuming home-cooked meals and meals from out-of-home sources: cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study.

PubMed

Mills, Susanna; Adams, Jean; Wrieden, Wendy; White, Martin; Brown, Heather

2018-04-11

To identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with frequency of consuming home-cooked meals and meals from out-of-home sources. Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study. Frequency of consuming home-cooked meals, ready meals, takeaways and meals out were derived from a participant questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics regarding sex, age, ethnicity, working overtime and socio-economic status (SES; measured by household income, educational attainment, occupational status and employment status) were self-reported. Sociodemographic differences in higher v. lower meal consumption frequency were explored using logistic regression, adjusted for other key sociodemographic variables. Cambridgeshire, UK. Fenland Study participants (n 11 326), aged 29-64 years at baseline. Eating home-cooked meals more frequently was associated with being female, older, of higher SES (measured by greater educational attainment and household income) and not working overtime. Being male was associated with a higher frequency of consumption for all out-of-home meal types. Consuming takeaways more frequently was associated with lower SES (measured by lower educational attainment and household income), whereas eating out more frequently was associated with higher SES (measured by greater educational attainment and household income) and working overtime. Sociodemographic characteristics associated with frequency of eating meals from different out-of-home sources varied according to meal source. Findings may be used to target public health policies and interventions for promoting healthier diets and dietary-related health towards people consuming home-cooked meals less frequently, such as men, those with lower educational attainment and household income, and overtime workers.

Association between long working hours and sleep problems in white-collar workers.

PubMed

Nakashima, Motoko; Morikawa, Yuko; Sakurai, Masaru; Nakamura, Koshi; Miura, Katsuyuki; Ishizaki, Masao; Kido, Teruhiko; Naruse, Yuchi; Suwazono, Yasushi; Nakagawa, Hideaki

2011-03-01

The purpose of this study is to examine the association between long work hours and sleep disturbance among white-collar workers. We evaluated 1510 male white-collar full-time employees, between the ages of 18 and 59 years, using a comprehensive sleep quality questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). All subjects worked in a light metal products factory in Japan. The mean number of monthly overtime work hours was determined using data from the previous 6 months from timecard records. Subjects were divided into five groups based on quintiles of the mean number of monthly overtime work hours: <26 h month(-1); ≥26 but <40; ≥40 but <50; ≥50 but <63; and >63. Leisure time physical activity, drinking habits just before sleep, presence of family/partner and health status were used as confounding factors in the multiple regression model. The prevalence of short sleep hours, impairment of sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction among seven components of PSQI increased, in a dose-response relationship, with overtime work hours. The prevalence of high global score (>5.5 points) was highest in workers with overtime hours ≥50 h week(-1). The odds ratios after adjustment for confounding factors for high global score using less than 26 h as a reference group were 1.67 for workers with ≥50 h and <63 h, and 1.87 for workers with 63 h and more. To conclude, the present results suggest that long work hours correlate with reduced sleep quality in a dose-response manner. © 2010 European Sleep Research Society.

Disability rates for cardiovascular and psychological disorders among autoworkers by job category, facility type, and facility overtime hours.

PubMed

Landsbergis, Paul A; Janevic, Teresa; Rothenberg, Laura; Adamu, Mohammed T; Johnson, Sylvia; Mirer, Franklin E

2013-07-01

We examined the association between long work hours, assembly line work and stress-related diseases utilizing objective health and employment data from an employer's administrative databases. A North American automobile manufacturing company provided data for claims for sickness, accident and disability insurance (work absence of at least 4 days) for cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension and psychological disorders, employee demographics, and facility hours worked per year for 1996-2001. Age-adjusted claim rates and age-adjusted rate ratios were calculated using Poisson regression, except for comparisons between production and skilled trades workers owing to lack of age denominator data by job category. Associations between overtime hours and claim rates by facility were examined by Poisson regression and multi-level Poisson regression. Claims for hypertension, coronary heart disease, CVD, and psychological disorders were associated with facility overtime hours. We estimate that a facility with 10 more overtime hours per week than another facility would have 4.36 more claims for psychological disorders, 2.33 more claims for CVD, and 3.29 more claims for hypertension per 1,000 employees per year. Assembly plants had the highest rates of claims for most conditions. Production workers tended to have higher rates of claims than skilled trades workers. Data from an auto manufacturer's administrative databases suggest that autoworkers working long hours, and assembly-line workers relative to skilled trades workers or workers in non-assembly facilities, have a higher risk of hypertension, CVD, and psychological disorders. Occupational disease surveillance and disease prevention programs need to fully utilize such administrative data. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Using Discrete Event Simulation to Model the Economic Value of Shorter Procedure Times on EP Lab Efficiency in the VALUE PVI Study.

PubMed

Kowalski, Marcin; DeVille, J Brian; Svinarich, J Thomas; Dan, Dan; Wickliffe, Andrew; Kantipudi, Charan; Foell, Jason D; Filardo, Giovanni; Holbrook, Reece; Baker, James; Baydoun, Hassan; Jenkins, Mark; Chang-Sing, Peter

2016-05-01

The VALUE PVI study demonstrated that atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures and electrophysiology laboratory (EP lab) occupancy times were reduced for the cryoballoon compared with focal radiofrequency (RF) ablation. However, the economic impact associated with the cryoballoon procedure for hospitals has not been determined. Assess the economic value associated with shorter AF ablation procedure times based on VALUE PVI data. A model was formulated from data from the VALUE PVI study. This model used a discrete event simulation to translate procedural efficiencies into metrics utilized by hospital administrators. A 1000-day period was simulated to determine the accrued impact of procedure time on an institution's EP lab when considering staff and hospital resources. The simulation demonstrated that procedures performed with the cryoballoon catheter resulted in several efficiencies, including: (1) a reduction of 36.2% in days with overtime (422 days RF vs 60 days cryoballoon); (2) 92.7% less cumulative overtime hours (370 hours RF vs 27 hours cryoballoon); and (3) an increase of 46.7% in days with time for an additional EP lab usage (186 days RF vs 653 days cryoballoon). Importantly, the added EP lab utilization could not support the time required for an additional AF ablation procedure. The discrete event simulation of the VALUE PVI data demonstrates the potential positive economic value of AF ablation procedures using the cryoballoon. These benefits include more days where overtime is avoided, fewer cumulative overtime hours, and more days with time left for additional usage of EP lab resources.

78 FR 60453 - Application of the Fair Labor Standards Act to Domestic Service

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-01

...In 1974, Congress extended the protections of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA or the Act) to ``domestic service'' employees, but it exempted from the Act's minimum wage and overtime provisions domestic service employees who provide ``companionship services'' to elderly people or people with illnesses, injuries, or disabilities who require assistance in caring for themselves, and it exempted from the Act's overtime provision domestic service employees who reside in the household in which they provide services. This Final Rule revises the Department's 1975 regulations implementing these amendments to the Act to better reflect Congressional intent given the changes to the home care industry and workforce since that time. Most significantly, the Department is revising the definition of ``companionship services'' to clarify and narrow the duties that fall within the term; in addition third party employers, such as home care agencies, will not be able to claim either of the exemptions. The major effect of this Final Rule is that more domestic service workers will be protected by the FLSA's minimum wage, overtime, and recordkeeping provisions.

CMs work overtime in Sandy's wake.

PubMed

2013-01-01

When Hurricane Sandy devastated parts of Manhattan, Lutheran Medical Center in Brooklyn prepared in advance to handle an influx of patients evacuated from nursing homes and hospitals. Case management staff worked overtime in advance to discharge appropriate patients and free up beds. When evacuated patients came into the emergency department, the staff transferred stable patients to the hospital's own nursing homes and others with available beds, and admitted patients who met inpatient criteria. After the storm passed, case managers worked to discharge more patients to free up beds for injured patients and find placement for patients who presented to the emergency department but didn't meet admission criteria.

Psychosocial working conditions and weight gain among employees.

PubMed

Lallukka, T; Laaksonen, M; Martikainen, P; Sarlio-Lähteenkorva, S; Lahelma, E

2005-08-01

To study the associations between psychosocial working conditions and weight gain. Data from postal questionnaires (response rate 67%) sent to 40- to 60-y-old women (n=7093) and men (n=1799) employed by the City of Helsinki in 2000-2002 were analysed. Weight gain during the previous 12 months was the outcome variable in logistic regression analyses. Independent variables included Karasek's job demands and job control, work fatigue, working overtime, work-related mental strain, social support and the work-home interface. The final models were adjusted for age, education, marital status, physical strain and body mass index. In the previous 12 months, 25% of women and 19% of men reported weight gain. Work fatigue and working overtime were associated with weight gain in both sexes. Women who were dissatisfied with combining paid work and family life were more likely to have gained weight. Men with low job demands were less likely to have gained weight. All of these associations were independent of each other. Few work-related factors were associated with weight gain. However, our study suggests that work fatigue and working overtime are potential risk factors for weight gain. These findings need to be confirmed in prospective studies.

Relationships between job organisational factors, biomechanical and psychosocial exposures.

PubMed

Bao, Stephen S; Kapellusch, Jay M; Merryweather, Andrew S; Thiese, Matthew S; Garg, Arun; Hegmann, Kurt T; Silverstein, Barbara A

2016-01-01

The relationships between work organisational, biomechanical and psychosocial factors were studied using cross-sectional data from a pooled dataset of 1834 participants. The work organisational factors included: job rotation, overtime work, having second jobs and work pace. Task and job level biomechanical variables were obtained through sub-task data collected in the field or analysed in the laboratory. Psychosocial variables were collected based on responses to 10 questions. The results showed that job rotations had significant effects on all biomechanical and most psychosocial measures. Those with job rotations generally had higher job biomechanical stressors, and lower job satisfaction. Overtime work was associated with higher job biomechanical stressors, and possibly self-reported physical exhaustion. Those having second jobs reported getting along with co-workers well. Work pace had significant influences on all biomechanical stressors, but its impact on job biomechanical stressors and psychosocial effects are complicated. The findings are based on a large number of subjects collected by three research teams in diverse US workplaces. Job rotation practices used in many workplaces may not be effective in reducing job biomechanical stressors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Overtime work is also associated with higher biomechanical stressors.

Using spatial principles to optimize distributed computing for enabling the physical science discoveries

PubMed Central

Yang, Chaowei; Wu, Huayi; Huang, Qunying; Li, Zhenlong; Li, Jing

2011-01-01

Contemporary physical science studies rely on the effective analyses of geographically dispersed spatial data and simulations of physical phenomena. Single computers and generic high-end computing are not sufficient to process the data for complex physical science analysis and simulations, which can be successfully supported only through distributed computing, best optimized through the application of spatial principles. Spatial computing, the computing aspect of a spatial cyberinfrastructure, refers to a computing paradigm that utilizes spatial principles to optimize distributed computers to catalyze advancements in the physical sciences. Spatial principles govern the interactions between scientific parameters across space and time by providing the spatial connections and constraints to drive the progression of the phenomena. Therefore, spatial computing studies could better position us to leverage spatial principles in simulating physical phenomena and, by extension, advance the physical sciences. Using geospatial science as an example, this paper illustrates through three research examples how spatial computing could (i) enable data intensive science with efficient data/services search, access, and utilization, (ii) facilitate physical science studies with enabling high-performance computing capabilities, and (iii) empower scientists with multidimensional visualization tools to understand observations and simulations. The research examples demonstrate that spatial computing is of critical importance to design computing methods to catalyze physical science studies with better data access, phenomena simulation, and analytical visualization. We envision that spatial computing will become a core technology that drives fundamental physical science advancements in the 21st century. PMID:21444779

Using spatial principles to optimize distributed computing for enabling the physical science discoveries.

PubMed

Yang, Chaowei; Wu, Huayi; Huang, Qunying; Li, Zhenlong; Li, Jing

2011-04-05

Contemporary physical science studies rely on the effective analyses of geographically dispersed spatial data and simulations of physical phenomena. Single computers and generic high-end computing are not sufficient to process the data for complex physical science analysis and simulations, which can be successfully supported only through distributed computing, best optimized through the application of spatial principles. Spatial computing, the computing aspect of a spatial cyberinfrastructure, refers to a computing paradigm that utilizes spatial principles to optimize distributed computers to catalyze advancements in the physical sciences. Spatial principles govern the interactions between scientific parameters across space and time by providing the spatial connections and constraints to drive the progression of the phenomena. Therefore, spatial computing studies could better position us to leverage spatial principles in simulating physical phenomena and, by extension, advance the physical sciences. Using geospatial science as an example, this paper illustrates through three research examples how spatial computing could (i) enable data intensive science with efficient data/services search, access, and utilization, (ii) facilitate physical science studies with enabling high-performance computing capabilities, and (iii) empower scientists with multidimensional visualization tools to understand observations and simulations. The research examples demonstrate that spatial computing is of critical importance to design computing methods to catalyze physical science studies with better data access, phenomena simulation, and analytical visualization. We envision that spatial computing will become a core technology that drives fundamental physical science advancements in the 21st century.

Computer-Based Training Development and Guidance for the Army’s Unmanned Aviation Systems Maintenance Training Division

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-08-01

principles for effective Computer-Based Training (CBT) that can be applied broadly to Army courses to build and evaluate exemplar CBT for Army advanced...individual training courses. To assist cadre who do not have a dedicated instructional design team, the Computer-Based Training Principles Guide was...document is the resulting contents, organization, and presentation style of the Computer- Based Training Principles Guide and its companion User’s Guide

Common computational properties found in natural sensory systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brooks, Geoffrey

2009-05-01

Throughout the animal kingdom there are many existing sensory systems with capabilities desired by the human designers of new sensory and computational systems. There are a few basic design principles constantly observed among these natural mechano-, chemo-, and photo-sensory systems, principles that have been proven by the test of time. Such principles include non-uniform sampling and processing, topological computing, contrast enhancement by localized signal inhibition, graded localized signal processing, spiked signal transmission, and coarse coding, which is the computational transformation of raw data using broadly overlapping filters. These principles are outlined here with references to natural biological sensory systems as well as successful biomimetic sensory systems exploiting these natural design concepts.

A Lightweight Remote Parallel Visualization Platform for Interactive Massive Time-varying Climate Data Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, J.; Zhang, T.; Huang, Q.; Liu, Q.

2014-12-01

Today's climate datasets are featured with large volume, high degree of spatiotemporal complexity and evolving fast overtime. As visualizing large volume distributed climate datasets is computationally intensive, traditional desktop based visualization applications fail to handle the computational intensity. Recently, scientists have developed remote visualization techniques to address the computational issue. Remote visualization techniques usually leverage server-side parallel computing capabilities to perform visualization tasks and deliver visualization results to clients through network. In this research, we aim to build a remote parallel visualization platform for visualizing and analyzing massive climate data. Our visualization platform was built based on Paraview, which is one of the most popular open source remote visualization and analysis applications. To further enhance the scalability and stability of the platform, we have employed cloud computing techniques to support the deployment of the platform. In this platform, all climate datasets are regular grid data which are stored in NetCDF format. Three types of data access methods are supported in the platform: accessing remote datasets provided by OpenDAP servers, accessing datasets hosted on the web visualization server and accessing local datasets. Despite different data access methods, all visualization tasks are completed at the server side to reduce the workload of clients. As a proof of concept, we have implemented a set of scientific visualization methods to show the feasibility of the platform. Preliminary results indicate that the framework can address the computation limitation of desktop based visualization applications.

Telecommuting and Earnings Trajectories Among American Women and Men 1989-2008.

PubMed

Glass, Jennifer L; Noonan, Mary C

2016-09-01

While flexibility in the location of work hours has shown positive organizational effects on productivity and retention, less is known about the earnings effects of telecommuting. We analyze weekly hours spent working from home using the 1989-2008 panels of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth. We describe the demographic and occupational characteristics of the employees engaged in telecommuting, then track their earnings growth with fixed-effects models, focusing on gender and parental status. Results show substantial variation in the earnings effects of telecommuting based on the point in the hours distribution worked from home. Working from home rather than the office produces equal earnings growth in the first 40 hours worked, but "taking work home" or overtime telecommuting yields significantly smaller increases than overtime worked on-site. Yet most observed telecommuting occurs precisely during this low-yield overtime portion of the hours distribution. Few gender or parental status differences emerged in these processes. These trends reflect potentially widespread negative consequences of the growing capacity of workers to perform their work from any location. Rather than enhancing true flexibility in when and where employees work, the capacity to work from home mostly extends the work day and encroaches into what was formerly home and family time.

Indirect Over-Time Relations Between Parenting and Adolescents' Sexual Behaviors and Emotions Through Global Self-Esteem.

PubMed

van de Bongardt, Daphne; Reitz, Ellen; Deković, Maja

2016-01-01

The present study examined indirect over-time relations between parenting and adolescent sexuality through global self-esteem. Three waves of online questionnaire data were collected among a community sample of 1,116 Dutch adolescents (M = 13.9 years at baseline). Participants rated the quality of their relationship with parents, their global self-esteem, and their experience with various sexual behaviors. Sexually experienced adolescents (n = 168) evaluated their sexual experiences using six emotions. Path model results showed that a higher-quality relationship with parents at T1 predicted higher levels of self-esteem at T2, which in turn predicted less experience with sexual behaviors and more positive sexual emotions at T3. The indirect over-time path from relationship quality through self-esteem to adolescents' sexual emotions was significant; the indirect path to adolescents' experience with sexual behaviors was not significant at the .05 level. No significant age or gender differences were found in the path models. The findings indicate that self-esteem plays an important role in adolescent sexuality and that parents can contribute to positive sexual experiences of adolescents indirectly--through the enhancement of self-esteem--by fostering a high-quality relationship with their children. Implications for theory, future research, and strategies to promote healthy and positive youth sexuality are discussed.

The cost of family-oriented communication before air medical interfacility transport.

PubMed

Macnab, A J; Gagnon, F; George, S; Sun, C

2001-01-01

Family-oriented communication with parents by transport teams eases the stress associated with transferring children to tertiary care. This study was conducted to determine the duration of family-oriented visits and whether the visit contributed significant cost to the mission. Data collection was prospective and double-blind; questions were incorporated into another study. Subjects were infants or children requiring assisted ventilation and air transport to tertiary care. Time from completion of stabilization to departure and reasons for any delay were recorded. Cost of contact time longer than 20 minutes (total acceptable time for family visit and transfer to vehicle) was calculated at paramedic overtime at $0.82/minute and aircraft wait time at $200/hour if incurred. Forty-six patients were enrolled. In 16 cases (35%), time between completing stabilization and hospital departure exceeded 20 minutes, with "family visit" listed as the explanation. Nine of these visits incurred overtime, and two incurred aircraft wait costs. Total costs for providing communication visits more than 10 minutes long were $607 or approximately $13 per patient. The costs for visit time longer than 10 minutes are small compared with the documented benefits of family-oriented communication. However, transport personnel must be mindful of the potential to incur additional cost through overtime, aircraft wait time, or pilot replacement.

Telecommuting and Earnings Trajectories Among American Women and Men 1989–2008

PubMed Central

Glass, Jennifer L.; Noonan, Mary C.

2016-01-01

While flexibility in the location of work hours has shown positive organizational effects on productivity and retention, less is known about the earnings effects of telecommuting. We analyze weekly hours spent working from home using the 1989–2008 panels of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth. We describe the demographic and occupational characteristics of the employees engaged in telecommuting, then track their earnings growth with fixed-effects models, focusing on gender and parental status. Results show substantial variation in the earnings effects of telecommuting based on the point in the hours distribution worked from home. Working from home rather than the office produces equal earnings growth in the first 40 hours worked, but “taking work home” or overtime telecommuting yields significantly smaller increases than overtime worked on-site. Yet most observed telecommuting occurs precisely during this low-yield overtime portion of the hours distribution. Few gender or parental status differences emerged in these processes. These trends reflect potentially widespread negative consequences of the growing capacity of workers to perform their work from any location. Rather than enhancing true flexibility in when and where employees work, the capacity to work from home mostly extends the work day and encroaches into what was formerly home and family time. PMID:27833214

Integrating Computer Concepts into Principles of Accounting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beck, Henry J.; Parrish, Roy James, Jr.

A package of instructional materials for an undergraduate principles of accounting course at Danville Community College was developed based upon the following assumptions: (1) the principles of accounting student does not need to be able to write computer programs; (2) computerized accounting concepts should be presented in this course; (3)…

Changes to physician processing times in response to clinic congestion and patient punctuality: a retrospective study.

PubMed

Chambers, Chester G; Dada, Maqbool; Elnahal, Shereef; Terezakis, Stephanie; DeWeese, Theodore; Herman, Joseph; Williams, Kayode A

2016-10-18

We examine interactions among 3 factors that affect patient waits and use of overtime in outpatient clinics: clinic congestion, patient punctuality and physician processing rates. We hypothesise that the first 2 factors affect physician processing rates, and this adaptive physician behaviour serves to reduce waiting times and the use of overtime. 2 urban academic clinics and an affiliated suburban clinic in metropolitan Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Appointment times, patient arrival times, start of service and physician processing times were collected for 105 visits at a low-volume suburban clinic 1, 264 visits at a medium-volume academic clinic 2 and 22 266 visits at a high-volume academic clinic 3 over 3 distinct spans of time. Data from the first clinic were previously used to document an intervention to influence patient punctuality. This included a policy that tardy patients were rescheduled. Clinicians' processing times were gathered, conditioned on whether the patient or clinician was tardy to test the first hypothesis. Probability distributions of patient unpunctuality were developed preintervention and postintervention for the clinic in which the intervention took place and these data were used to seed a discrete-event simulation. Average physician processing times differ conditioned on tardiness at clinic 1 with p=0.03, at clinic 2 with p=10 -5 and at clinic 3 with p=10 -7 . Within the simulation, the adaptive physician behaviour degrades system performance by increasing waiting times, probability of overtime and the average amount of overtime used. Each of these changes is significant at the p<0.01 level. Processing times differed for patients in different states in all 3 settings studied. When present, this can be verified using data commonly collected. Ignoring these behaviours leads to faulty conclusions about the efficacy of efforts to improve clinic flow. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Effects of long working hours and the night shift on severe sleepiness among workers with 12-hour shift systems for 5 to 7 consecutive days in the automobile factories of Korea.

PubMed

Son, Mia; Kong, Jeong-Ok; Koh, Sang-Baek; Kim, Jaeyoung; Härmä, Mikko

2008-12-01

We investigated the effects of 12-hour shift work for five to seven consecutive days and overtime on the prevalence of severe sleepiness in the automobile industry in Korea. [Correction added after online publication 28 Nov: Opening sentence of the summary has been rephrased for better clarity.] A total of 288 randomly selected male workers from two automobile factories were selected and investigated using questionnaires and sleep-wake diaries in South Korea. The prevalence of severe sleepiness at work [i.e. Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) score of 7 or higher] was modeled using marginal logistic regression and included theoretical risk factors related to working hours and potential confounding factors related to socio-economic status, work demands, and health behaviors. Factors related to working hours increased the risk for severe sleepiness at the end of the shift in the following order: the night shift [odds ratio (OR): 4.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6-6.0)], daily overtime (OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.7-2.9), weekly overtime (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0-2.6), and night overtime (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.8-3.0). Long working hours and shift work had a significant interactive effect for severe sleepiness at work. Night shift workers who worked for 12 h or more a day were exposed to a risk of severe sleepiness that was 7.5 times greater than day shift workers who worked less than 11 h. Night shifts and long working hours were the main risk factors for severe sleepiness among automobile factory workers in Korea. Night shifts and long working hours have a high degree of interactive effects resulting in severe sleepiness at work, which highlight the need for immediate measures to address these characteristics among South Korean labor force patterns.

Nontrivial Quantum Effects in Biology: A Skeptical Physicists' View

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wiseman, Howard; Eisert, Jens

The following sections are included: * Introduction * A Quantum Life Principle * A quantum chemistry principle? * The anthropic principle * Quantum Computing in the Brain * Nature did everything first? * Decoherence as the make or break issue * Quantum error correction * Uselessness of quantum algorithms for organisms * Quantum Computing in Genetics * Quantum search * Teleological aspects and the fast-track to life * Quantum Consciousness * Computability and free will * Time scales * Quantum Free Will * Predictability and free will * Determinism and free will * Acknowledgements * References

Chemotherapy appointment scheduling under uncertainty using mean-risk stochastic integer programming.

PubMed

Alvarado, Michelle; Ntaimo, Lewis

2018-03-01

Oncology clinics are often burdened with scheduling large volumes of cancer patients for chemotherapy treatments under limited resources such as the number of nurses and chairs. These cancer patients require a series of appointments over several weeks or months and the timing of these appointments is critical to the treatment's effectiveness. Additionally, the appointment duration, the acuity levels of each appointment, and the availability of clinic nurses are uncertain. The timing constraints, stochastic parameters, rising treatment costs, and increased demand of outpatient oncology clinic services motivate the need for efficient appointment schedules and clinic operations. In this paper, we develop three mean-risk stochastic integer programming (SIP) models, referred to as SIP-CHEMO, for the problem of scheduling individual chemotherapy patient appointments and resources. These mean-risk models are presented and an algorithm is devised to improve computational speed. Computational results were conducted using a simulation model and results indicate that the risk-averse SIP-CHEMO model with the expected excess mean-risk measure can decrease patient waiting times and nurse overtime when compared to deterministic scheduling algorithms by 42 % and 27 %, respectively.

Physical Principle for Generation of Randomness

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zak, Michail

2009-01-01

A physical principle (more precisely, a principle that incorporates mathematical models used in physics) has been conceived as the basis of a method of generating randomness in Monte Carlo simulations. The principle eliminates the need for conventional random-number generators. The Monte Carlo simulation method is among the most powerful computational methods for solving high-dimensional problems in physics, chemistry, economics, and information processing. The Monte Carlo simulation method is especially effective for solving problems in which computational complexity increases exponentially with dimensionality. The main advantage of the Monte Carlo simulation method over other methods is that the demand on computational resources becomes independent of dimensionality. As augmented by the present principle, the Monte Carlo simulation method becomes an even more powerful computational method that is especially useful for solving problems associated with dynamics of fluids, planning, scheduling, and combinatorial optimization. The present principle is based on coupling of dynamical equations with the corresponding Liouville equation. The randomness is generated by non-Lipschitz instability of dynamics triggered and controlled by feedback from the Liouville equation. (In non-Lipschitz dynamics, the derivatives of solutions of the dynamical equations are not required to be bounded.)

PubMed on Tap: discovering design principles for online information delivery to handheld computers.

PubMed

Hauser, Susan E; Demner-Fushman, Dina; Ford, Glenn; Thoma, George R

2004-01-01

Online access to biomedical information from handheld computers will be a valuable adjunct to other popular medical applications if information delivery systems are designed with handheld computers in mind. The goal of this project is to discover design principles to facilitate practitioners' access to online medical information at the point-of-care. A prototype system was developed to serve as a testbed for this research. Using the testbed, an initial evaluation has yielded several user interface design principles. Continued research is expected to discover additional user interface design principles as well as guidelines for results organization and system performance

48 CFR 52.222-2 - Payment for Overtime Premiums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... in connection with administration, protection, transportation, maintenance, standby plant protection, operation of utilities, or accounting; (3) To perform tests, industrial processes, laboratory procedures...

Designing User-Computer Dialogues: Basic Principles and Guidelines.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrell, Thomas H.

This discussion of the design of computerized psychological assessment or testing instruments stresses the importance of the well-designed computer-user interface. The principles underlying the three main functional elements of computer-user dialogue--data entry, data display, and sequential control--are discussed, and basic guidelines derived…

Analysis of managerial and healthcare indicators after nursing personnel upsizing.

PubMed

Quadros, Deise Vacario de; Magalhães, Ana Maria Müller de; Mantovani, Vanessa Monteiro; Rosa, Denise Salazar da; Echer, Isabel Cristina

2016-01-01

analyze healthcare and managerial indicators after nursing personnel upsizing. a retrospective, descriptive study was conducted using data from computer systems of a university hospital in southern Brazil. Healthcare and managerial indicators related to the first half of 2013 and 2014 were statistically analyzed. increases of 40.0% in the number of nurses and 16.0% in the number of nursing technicians led to reductions of 12.0% in the number of sickness absences, 21.8% in positive balance for compensatory time off, 92.0% in paid overtime. Reductions of 75.0% in pressure ulcer rates, 10.5% in the number of falls and 50.0% in infections due to indwelling catheter use were also observed. nursing staff upsizing caused a positive impact on managerial and healthcare indicators and helped qualify care and improve work conditions for the nursing team.

Efficient Predictions of Excited State for Nanomaterials Using Aces 3 and 4

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-20

by first-principle methods in the software package ACES by using large parallel computers, growing tothe exascale. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Computer...modeling, excited states, optical properties, structure, stability, activation barriers first principle methods , parallel computing 16. SECURITY...2 Progress with new density functional methods

Retaining nurses in their employing hospitals and in the profession: effects of job preference, unpaid overtime, importance of earnings and stress.

PubMed

Zeytinoglu, Isik Urla; Denton, Margaret; Davies, Sharon; Baumann, Andrea; Blythe, Jennifer; Boos, Linda

2006-11-01

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of job preference, unpaid overtime, importance of earnings, and stress in retaining nurses in their employing hospitals and in the profession. Data come from our survey of 1396 nurses employed in three teaching hospitals in Southern Ontario, Canada. Data are analyzed first for all nurses, then separately for full-time, part-time, and casual nurses. Results show that the key to understanding the effects of these variables may be to pay attention to the work status of nurses. With regards to retaining nurses in their hospitals, working in their preferred type of job is important, particularly for part-time nurses. Working unpaid and longer than agreed hours is also a factor for increasing the likelihood of part-time nurses to leave the profession. All nurses are less inclined to leave as the importance of their earnings for the family increases, but it is particularly important for part-time nurses. Stress is an ongoing concern for retaining nurses in their hospitals and within the profession. We suggest managers and policy makers pay attention to employing nurses in jobs they prefer, decrease unpaid overtime, and consider the importance of earnings for them and their families in developing policies and programs to retain nurses. More importantly, stress levels should be lowered to retain nurses.

Guidelines for developing vectorizable computer programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miner, E. W.

1982-01-01

Some fundamental principles for developing computer programs which are compatible with array-oriented computers are presented. The emphasis is on basic techniques for structuring computer codes which are applicable in FORTRAN and do not require a special programming language or exact a significant penalty on a scalar computer. Researchers who are using numerical techniques to solve problems in engineering can apply these basic principles and thus develop transportable computer programs (in FORTRAN) which contain much vectorizable code. The vector architecture of the ASC is discussed so that the requirements of array processing can be better appreciated. The "vectorization" of a finite-difference viscous shock-layer code is used as an example to illustrate the benefits and some of the difficulties involved. Increases in computing speed with vectorization are illustrated with results from the viscous shock-layer code and from a finite-element shock tube code. The applicability of these principles was substantiated through running programs on other computers with array-associated computing characteristics, such as the Hewlett-Packard (H-P) 1000-F.

9 CFR 307.5 - Overtime and holiday inspection service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY...) The management of an official establishment, an importer, or an exporter shall reimburse the Program...

9 CFR 307.5 - Overtime and holiday inspection service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AGRICULTURE AGENCY ORGANIZATION AND TERMINOLOGY; MANDATORY MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION AND VOLUNTARY...) The management of an official establishment, an importer, or an exporter shall reimburse the Program...

29 CFR 780.900 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... provisions of the Act for employees engaging in specified transportation activities when fruits and... STANDARDS ACT Employment in Fruit and Vegetable Harvest Transportation; Exemption From Overtime Pay...

Chemical Equilibrium, Unit 2: Le Chatelier's Principle. A Computer-Enriched Module for Introductory Chemistry. Student's Guide and Teacher's Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jameson, A. Keith

Presented are the teacher's guide and student materials for one of a series of self-instructional, computer-based learning modules for an introductory, undergraduate chemistry course. The student manual for this unit on Le Chatelier's principle includes objectives, prerequisites, pretest, instructions for executing the computer program, and…

CADD medicine: design is the potion that can cure my disease

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manas, Eric S.; Green, Darren V. S.

2017-03-01

The acronym "CADD" is often used interchangeably to refer to "Computer Aided Drug Discovery" and "Computer Aided Drug Design". While the former definition implies the use of a computer to impact one or more aspects of discovering a drug, in this paper we contend that computational chemists are most effective when they enable teams to apply true design principles as they strive to create medicines to treat human disease. We argue that teams must bring to bear multiple sub-disciplines of computational chemistry in an integrated manner in order to utilize these principles to address the multi-objective nature of the drug discovery problem. Impact, resourcing principles, and future directions for the field are also discussed, including areas of future opportunity as well as a cautionary note about hype and hubris.

Results of Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE) drought analysis (South Dakota drought 1976)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, D. R.

1976-01-01

LACIE using techniques developed from the southern Great Plains drought analysis indicated the potential for drought damage in South Dakota. This potential was monitored and as it became apparent that a drought was developing, LACIE implemented some of the procedures used in the southern Great Plains drought. The technical approach used in South Dakota involved the normal use of LACIE sample segments (5 x 6 nm) every 18 days. Full frame color transparencies (100 x 100 nm) were used on 9 day intervals to identify the drought area and to track overtime. The green index number (GIN) developed using the Kauth transformation was computed for all South Dakota segments and selected North Dakota segments. A scheme for classifying segments as drought affected or not affected was devised and tested on all available 1976 South Dakota data. Yield model simulations were run for all CRD's Crop Reporting District) in South Dakota.

Factors influencing agency nursing and moonlighting among nurses in South Africa

PubMed Central

Rispel, Laetitia C.; Blaauw, Duane; Chirwa, Tobias; de Wet, Katinka

2014-01-01

Background In South Africa, nurses are the largest category of the health care providers. Their optimal performance is critical for the successful implementation of impending health sector reforms. Objective This paper examines the occurrence of agency nursing, moonlighting, and overtime among nurses in South Africa, and the factors influencing moonlighting. Design This cross-sectional survey was a one-stage cluster random sample of 80 hospitals in four South African provinces, selected with stratification from the public and private health sectors. On the survey day, all nurses working in critical care, theatre, emergency, maternity, and general medical and surgical wards completed a self-administered questionnaire after giving informed consent. In addition to demographic information, the questionnaire elicited information on the frequency of agency nursing, moonlighting, and overtime, and the nurses’ reasons for doing moonlighting. Survey data were weighted and analysed using STATA version 12. Results The majority of survey participants (n=3,784) were South African (98.0%), female (92.7%), and employed in government (52.8%). Their mean age was 41.5 years (SD 10.4). The occurrence of moonlighting among nurses in the 12 months preceding the survey was 28.0% [95% CI: 24.2–32.1], the frequency of agency nursing was 37.8% [95% CI: 32.4–43.6], while 56.0% of nurses did overtime [95% CI: 51.4–60.4]. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, predictors of moonlighting were province, sector of primary employment, unit of work, category of nurse, and having children. The odds of moonlighting was 1.51 [95% CI: 1.03–2.21] times higher for private sector nurses than for public nurses, while the odds ratio for auxiliary nurses was 0.61 [95% CI: 0.47–0.79] compared to professional nurses. The odds of moonlighting was 1.49 [95% CI: 1.18–1.89] for nurses with children, compared to those without. Conclusions Agency nursing, moonlighting, and overtime are common among South African nurses, but have received insufficient policy attention. These issues need to be addressed as part of the implementation of comprehensive health workforce strategies. PMID:24647129

Factors influencing agency nursing and moonlighting among nurses in South Africa.

PubMed

Rispel, Laetitia C; Blaauw, Duane; Chirwa, Tobias; de Wet, Katinka

2014-01-01

In South Africa, nurses are the largest category of the health care providers. Their optimal performance is critical for the successful implementation of impending health sector reforms. This paper examines the occurrence of agency nursing, moonlighting, and overtime among nurses in South Africa, and the factors influencing moonlighting. This cross-sectional survey was a one-stage cluster random sample of 80 hospitals in four South African provinces, selected with stratification from the public and private health sectors. On the survey day, all nurses working in critical care, theatre, emergency, maternity, and general medical and surgical wards completed a self-administered questionnaire after giving informed consent. In addition to demographic information, the questionnaire elicited information on the frequency of agency nursing, moonlighting, and overtime, and the nurses' reasons for doing moonlighting. Survey data were weighted and analysed using STATA version 12. The majority of survey participants (n = 3,784) were South African (98.0%), female (92.7%), and employed in government (52.8%). Their mean age was 41.5 years (SD 10.4). The occurrence of moonlighting among nurses in the 12 months preceding the survey was 28.0% [95% CI: 24.2-32.1], the frequency of agency nursing was 37.8% [95% CI: 32.4-43.6], while 56.0% of nurses did overtime [95% CI: 51.4-60.4]. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, predictors of moonlighting were province, sector of primary employment, unit of work, category of nurse, and having children. The odds of moonlighting was 1.51 [95% CI: 1.03-2.21] times higher for private sector nurses than for public nurses, while the odds ratio for auxiliary nurses was 0.61 [95% CI: 0.47-0.79] compared to professional nurses. The odds of moonlighting was 1.49 [95% CI: 1.18-1.89] for nurses with children, compared to those without. Agency nursing, moonlighting, and overtime are common among South African nurses, but have received insufficient policy attention. These issues need to be addressed as part of the implementation of comprehensive health workforce strategies.

Quantum Gauss-Jordan Elimination and Simulation of Accounting Principles on Quantum Computers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diep, Do Ngoc; Giang, Do Hoang; Van Minh, Nguyen

2017-06-01

The paper is devoted to a version of Quantum Gauss-Jordan Elimination and its applications. In the first part, we construct the Quantum Gauss-Jordan Elimination (QGJE) Algorithm and estimate the complexity of computation of Reduced Row Echelon Form (RREF) of N × N matrices. The main result asserts that QGJE has computation time is of order 2 N/2. The second part is devoted to a new idea of simulation of accounting by quantum computing. We first expose the actual accounting principles in a pure mathematics language. Then, we simulate the accounting principles on quantum computers. We show that, all accounting actions are exhousted by the described basic actions. The main problems of accounting are reduced to some system of linear equations in the economic model of Leontief. In this simulation, we use our constructed Quantum Gauss-Jordan Elimination to solve the problems and the complexity of quantum computing is a square root order faster than the complexity in classical computing.

Computational principles of working memory in sentence comprehension.

PubMed

Lewis, Richard L; Vasishth, Shravan; Van Dyke, Julie A

2006-10-01

Understanding a sentence requires a working memory of the partial products of comprehension, so that linguistic relations between temporally distal parts of the sentence can be rapidly computed. We describe an emerging theoretical framework for this working memory system that incorporates several independently motivated principles of memory: a sharply limited attentional focus, rapid retrieval of item (but not order) information subject to interference from similar items, and activation decay (forgetting over time). A computational model embodying these principles provides an explanation of the functional capacities and severe limitations of human processing, as well as accounts of reading times. The broad implication is that the detailed nature of cross-linguistic sentence processing emerges from the interaction of general principles of human memory with the specialized task of language comprehension.

48 CFR 1322.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety... subcontractor inadvertently violated the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act is set forth in CAM 1301...

48 CFR 422.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety... authorized to review determinations of liquidated damages due under section 104(c) of the Contract Work Hours...

48 CFR 422.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety... authorized to review determinations of liquidated damages due under section 104(c) of the Contract Work Hours...

48 CFR 1322.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety... subcontractor inadvertently violated the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act is set forth in CAM 1301...

29 CFR 794.116 - “Independently * * * controlled.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 7(b)(3) of the Act âindependently Owned... wholesale or bulk distribution of petroleum products enters into franchise or other arrangements which have...

48 CFR 22.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... the unpaid wages due laborers and mechanics and the liquidated damages due the Government, make payments in the following order— (1) Pay laborers and mechanics the wages they are owed (or prorate...

48 CFR 22.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the unpaid wages due laborers and mechanics and the liquidated damages due the Government, make payments in the following order— (1) Pay laborers and mechanics the wages they are owed (or prorate...

48 CFR 22.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... the unpaid wages due laborers and mechanics and the liquidated damages due the Government, make payments in the following order— (1) Pay laborers and mechanics the wages they are owed (or prorate...

48 CFR 22.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... the unpaid wages due laborers and mechanics and the liquidated damages due the Government, make payments in the following order— (1) Pay laborers and mechanics the wages they are owed (or prorate...

29 CFR 780.723 - Exempt and nonexempt employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements..., employed “within the area of production” as defined by the regulations, but in the remainder of the...

Restoring Overtime Pay for Working Americans Act

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Sen. Harkin, Tom [D-IA

2014-06-18

Senate - 06/18/2014 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

In vitro and in vivo assessment of magnetically actuated biomaterials and prospects in tendon healing.

PubMed

Santos, Lívia; Silva, Marta; Gonçalves, Ana I; Pesqueira, Tamagno; Rodrigues, Márcia T; Gomes, Manuela E

2016-05-01

To expand our understanding on the effect of magnetically actuated biomaterials in stem cells, inflammation and fibrous tissue growth. Magnetic biomaterials were obtained by doping iron oxide particles into starch poly-ϵ-caprolactone (SPCL) to create two formulations, magSPCL-1.8 and 3.6. Stem cell behavior was assessed in vitro and the inflammatory response, subcutaneously in Wistar rats. Metabolic activity and proliferation increased significantly overtime in SPCL and magSPCL-1.8. Electromagnetic fields attenuated the presence of mast cells and macrophages in tissues surrounding SPCL and magSPCL-1.8, between weeks 1 and 9. Macrophage reduction was more pronounced for magSPCL-1.8, which could explain why this material prevented growth of fibrous tissue overtime. Magnetically actuated biomaterials have potential to modulate inflammation and the growth of fibrous tissue.

A study of the determinants of work-to-family conflict among hospital nurses in Belgium.

PubMed

Lembrechts, Lieve; Dekocker, Vickie; Zanoni, Patrizia; Pulignano, Valeria

2015-10-01

This study examines the relative impact of three sources of work-to-family conflict among hospital nurses: work-family policy use (childcare assistance, schedule flexibility, part-time work), job dimensions (work overload, job autonomy, overtime hours, night shifts, regularity in type of shift, weekend work, hierarchical position, variation in tasks) and organisational support (physician/co-worker support). Many studies claim that organisational support and job dimensions are more important sources of work-to-family conflict than work-family policy use, a relation that has not been fully investigated. This study attempts to fill this gap by empirically assessing the relative impact of these sources on nurses' work-to-family conflict. Four hundred and fifty three Belgian nurses completed a web survey. The sources of work-to-family conflict were analysed using a hierarchical linear regression. Organisational support influences work-to-family conflict, above and beyond work-family policy use and job dimensions, while policy use has no influence. Physician and co-worker support have a unique decreasing effect, while work overload and overtime hours increase work-to-family conflict. Organisational support, lack of work overload and absence of overtime hours reduce work-to-family conflict, whereas work-family policy use does not. To retain and attract nurses by reducing work-to-family conflict, hospitals should not (only) rely on work-family policies but should also invest in organisational support and adapted job dimensions. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Depression associated with alcohol intake and younger age in Japanese office workers: a case-control and a cohort study.

PubMed

Ogasawara, Kazuyoshi; Nakamura, Yukako; Aleksic, Branko; Yoshida, Keizo; Ando, Katsuhisa; Iwata, Nakao; Kayukawa, Yuhei; Ozaki, Norio

2011-01-01

Depression influences a worker's productivity and health substantially. Recently, the Japanese society and government reported that working overtime is one of the primary causes of depression and suicide in workers. However, only a few studies have investigated the relation between overtime hours and mental health status, and conclusions vary. In addition, prior findings are inconsistent in terms of the relation between depression and lifestyle factors, including alcohol intake and smoking. Additional studies are required to clarify the relation between possible risk factors and depression in Japanese workers. We performed a case-control and a cohort study. Subjects were office workers in four Japanese companies. Diagnosis of depression was made by two psychiatrists who conducted independent clinical interviews using DSM-IV-TR criteria. There was no significant association between working overtime and the onset of depression. The frequency of alcohol intake was significantly related to the onset of depression. We also found a significant relation between younger age and depression onset. Body mass index and physical illness, including diabetes mellitus, had no significant association with depression onset. Data were self-reported and the number of included female workers was small. Reducing working hours alone is unlikely to be effective in preventing workers' depression. Additional countermeasures are needed, including a reduction in alcohol intake and work stress. Considerations for younger workers are also needed. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Reconsidering the Resources Needed for Multiple Casualty Events: Lessons Learned From the Crash of Asiana Airlines Flight 214.

PubMed

Campion, Eric M; Juillard, Catherine; Knudson, M Margaret; Dicker, Rochelle; Cohen, Mitchell J; Mackersie, Robert; Campbell, Andre R; Callcut, Rachael A

2016-06-01

To date, a substantial portion of multiple casualty incident literature has focused exclusively on prehospital and emergency department resources needed for optimal disaster response. Thus, inpatient resources required to care for individuals injured in multiple casualty events are not well described. To highlight the resources beyond initial emergency department triage needed for multiple casualty events, using one of the largest commercial aviation disasters in modern US history as a case study. Prospective case series of injured individuals treated at an urban level I trauma center following the crash of Asiana Airlines flight 214 on July 6, 2013. This analysis was conducted between June 1, 2014, and December 1, 2015. Commercial jetliner crash. Medical records, imaging data, nursing overtime, blood bank records, and trauma registry data were analyzed. Disaster logs, patient injuries, and blood product data were prospectively collected during the incident. Among 307 people aboard the flight, 192 were injured; 63 of the injured patients were initially evaluated at San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center (the highest number at any of the receiving medical facilities; age range, 4-74 years [23 were aged <17 years and 3 were aged >60 years]; median injury severity score of 19 admitted patients, 9 [range, 9-45]), including the highest number of critically injured patients (10 of 12). Despite the high impact of the crash, only 3 persons (<1%) died, including 1 in-hospital death. Among the 63 patients, 32 (50.8%) underwent a computed tomographic imaging study, with imaging of the abdomen and pelvis being the most common. Sixteen of the 32 patients undergoing computed tomography (50.0%) had a positive finding on at least 1 scan. Nineteen patients had major injuries and required admission, with 5 taken directly from the emergency department to the operating room. The most frequent injury was spinal fracture (13 patients). In the first 48 hours, 15 operations were performed and 117 total units of blood products were transfused. A total of 370 nursing overtime hours were required to treat the injured patients on the day of the event. Proper disaster preparedness requires attention to hospital-level needs beyond initial emergency department triage. The Asiana Airlines flight 214 crash highlights the need to plan for high use of advanced imaging, blood products, operating room availability, nursing resources, and management of inpatient hospital beds.

Paradigm of Legal Protection of Computer Software Contracts in the United States: Brief Overview of “Principles of the Law of Software Contracts”

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Furuya, Haruhisa; Hiratsuka, Mitsuyoshi

This article overviews the historical transition of legal protection of Computer software contracts in the Unite States and presents how it should function under Uniform Commercial Code and its amended Article 2B, Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act, and also recently-approved “Principles of the Law of Software Contracts”.

Deep hierarchies in the primate visual cortex: what can we learn for computer vision?

PubMed

Krüger, Norbert; Janssen, Peter; Kalkan, Sinan; Lappe, Markus; Leonardis, Ales; Piater, Justus; Rodríguez-Sánchez, Antonio J; Wiskott, Laurenz

2013-08-01

Computational modeling of the primate visual system yields insights of potential relevance to some of the challenges that computer vision is facing, such as object recognition and categorization, motion detection and activity recognition, or vision-based navigation and manipulation. This paper reviews some functional principles and structures that are generally thought to underlie the primate visual cortex, and attempts to extract biological principles that could further advance computer vision research. Organized for a computer vision audience, we present functional principles of the processing hierarchies present in the primate visual system considering recent discoveries in neurophysiology. The hierarchical processing in the primate visual system is characterized by a sequence of different levels of processing (on the order of 10) that constitute a deep hierarchy in contrast to the flat vision architectures predominantly used in today's mainstream computer vision. We hope that the functional description of the deep hierarchies realized in the primate visual system provides valuable insights for the design of computer vision algorithms, fostering increasingly productive interaction between biological and computer vision research.

5 CFR 551.501 - Overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... in 5 U.S.C. 6121, for employees under flexible or compressed work schedules; (7) For hours of work... period of 168 hours—seven consecutive 24-hour periods. It need not coincide with the calendar week but...

29 CFR 780.703 - Basic requirements for exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements... “employed by” such establishment, and (2) Be employed “within the area of production,” as defined by the...

29 CFR 793.10 - Primary employment in named occupation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AND TELEVISION STATION EMPLOYEES FROM OVERTIME PAY REQUIREMENTS UNDER SECTION 13(b)(9) OF THE FAIR... employed “primarily” as an announcer, news editor, or chief engineer. Thus the Senate Report states: “The...

29 CFR 779.305 - Separate establishments on the same premises.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... separate establishment which “is” a “restaurant” so as to qualify for the overtime exemption provided in... of the Act between restaurant establishments and retail or service establishments of other kinds...

48 CFR 50.103-7 - Contract requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...—Overtime Compensation; 52.222-6, Construction Wage Rate Requirements; 52.222-10, Compliance With Copeland...,000; 52.222-26, Equal Opportunity; and 52.232-23, Assignment of Claims. [72 FR 63030, Nov. 7, 2007, as...

29 CFR 553.20 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... element of flexibility to State and local government employers and an element of choice to their employees... not less than one and one-half hours of compensatory time for each hour of overtime work, just as the...

Superior model for fault tolerance computation in designing nano-sized circuit systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Singh, N. S. S., E-mail: narinderjit@petronas.com.my; Muthuvalu, M. S., E-mail: msmuthuvalu@gmail.com; Asirvadam, V. S., E-mail: vijanth-sagayan@petronas.com.my

2014-10-24

As CMOS technology scales nano-metrically, reliability turns out to be a decisive subject in the design methodology of nano-sized circuit systems. As a result, several computational approaches have been developed to compute and evaluate reliability of desired nano-electronic circuits. The process of computing reliability becomes very troublesome and time consuming as the computational complexity build ups with the desired circuit size. Therefore, being able to measure reliability instantly and superiorly is fast becoming necessary in designing modern logic integrated circuits. For this purpose, the paper firstly looks into the development of an automated reliability evaluation tool based on the generalizationmore » of Probabilistic Gate Model (PGM) and Boolean Difference-based Error Calculator (BDEC) models. The Matlab-based tool allows users to significantly speed-up the task of reliability analysis for very large number of nano-electronic circuits. Secondly, by using the developed automated tool, the paper explores into a comparative study involving reliability computation and evaluation by PGM and, BDEC models for different implementations of same functionality circuits. Based on the reliability analysis, BDEC gives exact and transparent reliability measures, but as the complexity of the same functionality circuits with respect to gate error increases, reliability measure by BDEC tends to be lower than the reliability measure by PGM. The lesser reliability measure by BDEC is well explained in this paper using distribution of different signal input patterns overtime for same functionality circuits. Simulation results conclude that the reliability measure by BDEC depends not only on faulty gates but it also depends on circuit topology, probability of input signals being one or zero and also probability of error on signal lines.« less

The Effects of Embedded Generative Learning Strategies and Collaboration on Knowledge Acquisition in a Cognitive Flexibility-Based Computer Learning Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-08-07

cognitive flexibility theory and generative learning theory which focus primarily on the individual student’s cognitive development , collaborative... develop "Handling Transfusion Hazards," a computer program based upon cognitive flexibility theory principles. The Program: Handling Transfusion Hazards...computer program was developed according to cognitive flexibility theory principles. A generative version was then developed by embedding

A Monte Carlo Simulation of Brownian Motion in the Freshman Laboratory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anger, C. D.; Prescott, J. R.

1970-01-01

Describes a dry- lab" experiment for the college freshman laboratory, in which the essential features of Browian motion are given principles, using the Monte Carlo technique. Calculations principles, using the Monte Carlo technique. Calculations are carried out by a computation sheme based on computer language. Bibliography. (LC)

Using Multimedia for E-Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayer, R. E.

2017-01-01

This paper reviews 12 research-based principles for how to design computer-based multimedia instructional materials to promote academic learning, starting with the multimedia principle (yielding a median effect size of d = 1.67 based on five experimental comparisons), which holds that people learn better from computer-based instruction containing…

48 CFR 22.302 - Liquidated damages and overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... violations do not cover the unpaid wages due laborers and mechanics and the liquidated damages due the Government, make payments in the following order— (1) Pay laborers and mechanics the wages they are owed (or...

7 CFR 354.4 - User fees for certain domestic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OVERTIME SERVICES RELATING TO IMPORTS AND EXPORTS; AND USER... appropriate, his or her agent, agrees to maintain a balance in the user fee payment account equal to the cost...

7 CFR 354.4 - User fees for certain domestic services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OVERTIME SERVICES RELATING TO IMPORTS AND EXPORTS; AND USER... appropriate, his or her agent, agrees to maintain a balance in the user fee payment account equal to the cost...

29 CFR 780.700 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay... provisions of the Act for employees employed by certain country elevators “within the area of production,” as...

29 CFR 793.5 - What determines application of the exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AND TELEVISION STATION EMPLOYEES FROM OVERTIME PAY REQUIREMENTS UNDER SECTION 13(b)(9) OF THE FAIR... exemption applies only to an employee who is “employed as” an announcer, news editor, or chief engineer...

29 CFR 790.16 - “In reliance on.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., for example, that an employer failed to pay his employees in accordance with the overtime provisions... employer calls his attention to a letter that had been written by the Administrator of the Wage and Hour...

29 CFR 790.16 - “In reliance on.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., for example, that an employer failed to pay his employees in accordance with the overtime provisions... employer calls his attention to a letter that had been written by the Administrator of the Wage and Hour...

29 CFR 790.16 - “In reliance on.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., for example, that an employer failed to pay his employees in accordance with the overtime provisions... employer calls his attention to a letter that had been written by the Administrator of the Wage and Hour...

29 CFR 790.16 - “In reliance on.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., for example, that an employer failed to pay his employees in accordance with the overtime provisions... employer calls his attention to a letter that had been written by the Administrator of the Wage and Hour...

29 CFR 790.16 - “In reliance on.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., for example, that an employer failed to pay his employees in accordance with the overtime provisions... employer calls his attention to a letter that had been written by the Administrator of the Wage and Hour...

29 CFR 780.800 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., or Maple Sap into Sugar or Syrup; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(15..., sugar-beet molasses, sugarcane or maple sap, into sugar (other than refined sugar) or syrup. The limited...

29 CFR 780.800 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

..., or Maple Sap into Sugar or Syrup; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(15..., sugar-beet molasses, sugarcane or maple sap, into sugar (other than refined sugar) or syrup. The limited...

29 CFR 780.800 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., or Maple Sap into Sugar or Syrup; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(15..., sugar-beet molasses, sugarcane or maple sap, into sugar (other than refined sugar) or syrup. The limited...

Gynecologic pain related to occupational stress among female factory workers in Tianjin, China

PubMed Central

Sznajder, Kristin K; Harlow, Siobán D; Burgard, Sarah A; Wang, Yanrang; Han, Cheng; Liu, Jing

2014-01-01

Background: Dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and non-cyclic pelvic pain are health concerns for factory workers in China and may be increased by occupational stress. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and demographic and occupational factors associated with three types of gynecologic pain among female factory workers in Tianjin. Methods: The study included 651 female workers from three factories in Tianjin, China. Logistic regression models were estimated to determine associations between occupational stress and gynecologic pain. Results: Occupational stress including high job strain, exhaustion, and stress related to working conditions was a risk factor for gynecologic pain. High job strain and poor job security were associated with an increased risk for dysmenorrhea. Compulsory overtime and exhaustion were associated with increased non-cyclic pelvic pain. Working overtime and exhaustion were associated with increased dyspareunia. Conclusions: As China’s population of female factory workers grows, research on the reproductive health of this population is essential. PMID:24804338

The nursing shortage: an update for occupational health nurses.

PubMed

Palmer, Carol

2003-12-01

Nursing is about to realize the worst shortage in history at the same time the first baby boomers are increasing the need for health care. A large component of the current and projected nursing shortage is the aging of the RN work force. Several factors contribute to the aging of the work force, including overall decline in nursing as a chosen profession, the increasing age of nursing graduates, and the aging of the existing RN work force. Job dissatisfaction has been a key issue contributing to the crisis related to recruitment and retention of nurses. Inadequate staffing, heavy workloads, flat salaries, and increased use of mandatory overtime are primary issues related to job dissatisfaction. Job dissatisfaction issues are key components of retention of nursing personnel. Occupational health nurses are experts in dealing with issues of ergonomic challenges, workplace violence, mandatory overtime, stress related injuries, and high stress associated with nursing.

The Research to Action Project: Applied Workplace Solutions for Nurses.

PubMed

Silas, Linda

2012-03-01

The number of new nurses entering the profession has increased, but the need to retain nurses in the profession continues to be a critical priority. The consequences of the nursing shortage are reflected in continued high levels of overtime, absenteeism and turnover. The Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions (CFNU), in partnership with the Canadian Nurses Association, the Canadian Healthcare Association and the Dietitians of Canada, initiated the project Research to Action: Applied Workplace Solutions for Nurses (RTA). The RTA initiative comprised research-based pilot projects, implemented in 10 jurisdictions across the country, that aimed to improve workplaces and increase the retention and recruitment of nurses. Unions, employers, governments, universities and professional associations came together in an unprecedented show of collaboration. Lessons and knowledge were shared among the projects, which were evaluated for their viability in other jurisdictions and professions. The pilots led to increased leadership, engagement and professional development, and decreased overtime, absenteeism and turnover.

Design and Implementation of an Interface Editor for the Amadeus Multi- Relational Database Front-end System

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-03-25

application of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Human-Computer Interface (HCI) design principles. Knowledge gained from each topic has been incorporated...through the ap- plication of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Human-Computer Interface (HCI) design principles. Knowledge gained from each topic has...programming and Human-Computer Interface (HCI) design. Knowledge gained from each is applied to the design of a Form-based interface for database data

Requirements and principles for the implementation and construction of large-scale geographic information systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Terence R.; Menon, Sudhakar; Star, Jeffrey L.; Estes, John E.

1987-01-01

This paper provides a brief survey of the history, structure and functions of 'traditional' geographic information systems (GIS), and then suggests a set of requirements that large-scale GIS should satisfy, together with a set of principles for their satisfaction. These principles, which include the systematic application of techniques from several subfields of computer science to the design and implementation of GIS and the integration of techniques from computer vision and image processing into standard GIS technology, are discussed in some detail. In particular, the paper provides a detailed discussion of questions relating to appropriate data models, data structures and computational procedures for the efficient storage, retrieval and analysis of spatially-indexed data.

Trend of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study

PubMed Central

Ramezani Tehrani, Fahimeh; Montazeri, Seyed Ali; Hosseinpanah, Farhad; Cheraghi, Leila; Erfani, Hadi; Tohidi, Maryam; Azizi, Fereidoun

2015-01-01

Objective To see the changes of cardio-metabolic risk factors overtime in polycystic ovary syndrome vs. control women. Methods This study was conducted on 637 participants (85 PCOS and 552 control reproductive aged, 18–45 years) of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), an ongoing population-based cohort study with 12 years of follow-up. The cardiovascular risk factors of these groups were assessed in three-year intervals using standard questionnaires, history taking, anthropometric measures, and metabolic/endocrine evaluation. Generalized estimating equation was used to analyze the data. Results Overall mean of insulin (3.55, CI: 0.66–6.45), HOMA-IR (0.63, CI: 0.08–1.18), and HOMA-β (45.90, CI: 0.86–90.93) were significantly higher in PCOS than in healthy women after adjustment for age, BMI, and baseline levels. However, the negative interaction (follow-up years × PCOS status) of PCOS and normal women converged overtime. Comparing third follow-up with first, insulin and HOMA-IR decreased 10.6% and 5%, respectively in PCOS women; and increased 6.7% and 14.6%, respectively in controls (P<0.05). The results did not show any significant result for other cardio-metabolic variables including WC, lipid profile, FPG, 2-h PG, SBP, and DBP. Conclusion While the insulin level and insulin resistance rate were higher in reproductive aged PCOS than in healthy women, the difference of these risk factors decreased overtime. Thus, the metabolic consequences of PCOS women in later life may be lower than those initially anticipated. PMID:26360602

Working hours and the onset of depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PubMed

Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Imamura, Kotaro; Kawakami, Norito

2016-12-01

: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine whether working beyond the standard working hours was associated with a greater risk of depressive disorder among workers included in published prospective studies. This manuscript was prepared according to the PRISMA guideline checklist. A database search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, and PsycARTICLES using a relevant set of keywords. The eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) participants were adult workers; (2) exposure was defined as overtime work; (3) outcome were depressive disorders clinically diagnosed or assessed by a structured interview and (4) the study design was prospective or cohort. 7 studies were identified in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Overtime work was associated with a small, non-significant, elevated risk of depressive disorder (pooled relative risk=1.075; 95% CI 0.834 to 1.387; p=0.575) in a random effects model. The association tended to be greater for women. The risk of working 50 or more hours per week was slightly but not significantly increased (pooled relative risk=1.241; 95% CI 0.880 to 1.750; p=0.218). The effect of overtime work on depressive disorder remains inconclusive and may be small if not negligible. Sex differences and the effect of longer working hours on depressive disorder should be addressed in the future. Prospero CRD42015020003; Results. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Poor Employment Conditions Adversely Affect Mental Health Outcomes Among Surgical Trainees.

PubMed

Kevric, Jasmina; Papa, Nathan; Perera, Marlon; Rashid, Prem; Toshniwal, Sumeet

Poor mental health in junior clinicians is prevalent and may lead to poor productivity and significant medical errors. We aimed to provide contemporary data on the mental health of surgical trainees and identify risk factors relating to poorer mental health outcomes. A detailed questionnaire was developed comprising questions based on the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) and Physical Activity Questionnaire. Each of the questionnaires has proven validity and reliability in the clinical context. Ethics approval was obtained from the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons. The questionnaire was aimed at surgical registrars. We used Physical Activity Questionnaire, SF-36 scores and linear regression to evaluate the effect of putative predictors on mental health. A total of 83 responses were collected during the study period, of which 49 (59%) were from men and 34 (41%) were from women. The mean Mental Component Summary (MCS) score for both sexes was significantly lower than the population mean at ages 25-34 (p < 0.001). Poor satisfaction with one's work culture and a feeling of a lack of support at work were extremely strong predictors of a lower MCS score (p < 0.001). Hours of overtime worked, particularly unpaid overtime, were also strong predictors of a poorer score. Australian surgical trainees reported lower MCS scores from the SF-36 questionnaire compared to the general population. Increasing working hours, unpaid overtime, poor job security, and job satisfaction were associated with poorer scores among trainees. Interventions providing improved working conditions need to be considered by professional training bodies and employers. Copyright © 2018 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. All rights reserved.

Anisotropy and temperature dependence of structural, thermodynamic, and elastic properties of crystalline cellulose Iβ: a first-principles investigation

Treesearch

ShunLi Shang; Louis G. Hector Jr.; Paul Saxe; Zi-Kui Liu; Robert J. Moon; Pablo D. Zavattieri

2014-01-01

Anisotropy and temperature dependence of structural, thermodynamic and elastic properties of crystalline cellulose Iβ were computed with first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and a semi-empirical correction for van der Waals interactions. Specifically, we report the computed temperature variation (up to 500...

Using Intelligent Tutoring Design Principles To Integrate Cognitive Theory into Computer-Based Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Orey, Michael A.; Nelson, Wayne A.

Arguing that the evolution of intelligent tutoring systems better reflects the recent theoretical developments of cognitive science than traditional computer-based instruction (CBI), this paper describes a general model for an intelligent tutoring system and suggests ways to improve CBI using design principles derived from research in cognitive…

An Undergraduate Course on Operating Systems Principles.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Academy of Engineering, Washington, DC. Commission on Education.

This report is from Task Force VIII of the COSINE Committee of the Commission on Education of the National Academy of Engineering. The task force was established to formulate subject matter for an elective undergraduate subject on computer operating systems principles for students whose major interest is in the engineering of computer systems and…

"Citizen Jane": Rethinking Design Principles for Closing the Gender Gap in Computing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raphael, Chad

This paper identifies three rationales in the relevant literature for closing the gender gap in computing: economic, cultural and political. Each rationale implies a different set of indicators of present inequalities, disparate goals for creating equality, and distinct principles for software and web site design that aims to help girls overcome…

Extinction from a Rationalist Perspective

PubMed Central

Gallistel, C. R.

2012-01-01

The merging of the computational theory of mind and evolutionary thinking leads to a kind of rationalism, in which enduring truths about the world have become implicit in the computations that enable the brain to cope with the experienced world. The dead reckoning computation, for example, is implemented within the brains of animals as one of the mechanisms that enables them to learn where they are (Gallistel, 1990, 1995). It integrates a velocity signal with respect to a time signal. Thus, the manner in which position and velocity relate to one another in the world is reflected in the manner in which signals representing those variables are processed in the brain. I use principles of information theory and Bayesian inference to derive from other simple principles explanations for: 1) the failure of partial reinforcement to increase reinforcements to acquisition; 2) the partial reinforcement extinction effect; 3) spontaneous recovery; 4) renewal; 5) reinstatement; 6) resurgence (aka facilitated reacquisition). Like the principle underlying dead-reckoning, these principles are grounded in analytic considerations. They are the kind of enduring truths about the world that are likely to have shaped the brain's computations. PMID:22391153

Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on in-hospital-mortality after major cardiovascular events in Spain (2002-2014).

PubMed

de Miguel-Yanes, José M; Jiménez-García, Rodrigo; Hernández-Barrera, Valentín; Méndez-Bailón, Manuel; de Miguel-Díez, Javier; Lopez-de-Andrés, Ana

2017-10-10

Diabetes mellitus has long been associated with cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, the higher burden of traditional cardiovascular risk factors reported in high-income countries is offset by a more widespread use of preventive measures and revascularization or other invasive procedures. The aim of this investigation is to describe trends in number of cases and outcomes, in-hospital mortality (IHM) and length of hospital stay (LHS), of hospital admissions for major cardiovascular events between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and matched non-diabetes patients. Retrospective study using National Hospital Discharge Database, analyzed in 4 years 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, in Spain. We included patients (≥ 40 years old) with a primary diagnosis of myocardial infarction, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, aortic aneurysm and dissection and acute lower limb ischemia in people with T2DM. Cases were matched with controls (without T2DM) by ICD-9-CM codes, sex, age, province of residence and year. We selected 130,011 matched couples (50,427 with myocardial infarction, 60,236 with stroke, 2599 with aortic aneurysm and dissection and 16,749 with acute lower limb ischemia. Among T2DM patients we found increasing numbers of admissions overtime for stroke (10,794 in 2002 vs 17,559 in 2014), aortic aneurysm and dissection (390 vs 841) and acute lower limb ischemia (3854 vs. 4548). People were progressively older (except for myocardial infarction), had more comorbidities (especially T2DM patients), and were more frequently coded overtime for cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, obesity, hypertension, lipid disorders) and renal diseases. LHS and IHM declined overtime, though IHM only did it significantly in T2DM patients. Multivariable adjustment showed that T2DM patients had a significantly 15% higher mortality rate during admission for myocardial infarction, a 6% higher mortality for stroke, and a 6% higher mortality rate for "all cardiovascular events combined", than non-diabetic matched controls. The number of hospital admissions for stroke, aortic aneurysm and dissection and acute lower limb ischemia increased overtime, but remained stable for myocardial infarction. T2DM is associated to higher IHM after major cardiovascular events. Further research is needed to help us understand the reasons for an apparently increased mortality in T2DM patients when admitted to hospital for some major cardiovascular events.

Programmers, professors, and parasites: credit and co-authorship in computer science.

PubMed

Solomon, Justin

2009-12-01

This article presents an in-depth analysis of past and present publishing practices in academic computer science to suggest the establishment of a more consistent publishing standard. Historical precedent for academic publishing in computer science is established through the study of anecdotes as well as statistics collected from databases of published computer science papers. After examining these facts alongside information about analogous publishing situations and standards in other scientific fields, the article concludes with a list of basic principles that should be adopted in any computer science publishing standard. These principles would contribute to the reliability and scientific nature of academic publications in computer science and would allow for more straightforward discourse in future publications.

Time sequence photography of Roosters Comb

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The importance of understanding natural landscape changes is key in properly determining rangeland ecology. Time sequence photography allows a landscape snapshot to be documented and enables the ability to compare natural changes overtime. Photographs of Roosters Comb were taken from the same vantag...

29 CFR 516.29 - Employees employed by a private entity operating an amusement or recreational establishment...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section... park or national forest or on land in the National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from...

29 CFR 516.29 - Employees employed by a private entity operating an amusement or recreational establishment...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section... park or national forest or on land in the National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from...

29 CFR 516.29 - Employees employed by a private entity operating an amusement or recreational establishment...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section... park or national forest or on land in the National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from...

29 CFR 516.29 - Employees employed by a private entity operating an amusement or recreational establishment...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section... park or national forest or on land in the National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from...

29 CFR 516.29 - Employees employed by a private entity operating an amusement or recreational establishment...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from overtime pay requirements pursuant to section... park or national forest or on land in the National Wildlife Refuge System who are partially exempt from...

20 CFR 667.270 - What safeguards are there to ensure that participants in Workforce Investment Act employment and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... displacement, such as a reduction in the hours of non-overtime work, wages, or employment benefits) any... and program participants alleging displacement may file a complaint under the applicable grievance...

48 CFR 722.103-2 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) Most contracts covered by this regulation call for the performance of professional or technical services overseas on a cost-reimbursement basis. The compensation for employees performing such services is... not expected that these employees will receive additional pay, overtime or shift premiums, or...

Characterizing Patterns of MILCON Project Contract Modifications

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

overtime and over manning), the amount of change, absenteeism and turnover, manpower increase over planned levels, and the processing time from the...S., & Vandenberg, P. J. (1999). The impact of change orders on mechanical construction labour efficiency. Construction Management & Economics, 17(6

[Computerization and robotics in medical practice].

PubMed

Dervaderics, J

1997-10-26

The article gives the outlines of all principles used in computing included the non-electrical and analog computers and the artifical intelligence followed by citing examples as well. The principles and medical utilization of virtual reality are also mentioned. There are discussed: surgical planning, image guided surgery, robotic surgery, telepresence and telesurgery, and telemedicine implemented partially via Internet.

Some Principles for the Human Use of Computers in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dwyer, Thomas A.

Several principles for the effective use of computers in education are identified as a result of experiences with Project Solo, an experiment in education patterned on the dual-solo example of flight instruction in allowing the student to eventually exert more influence on his learning than his instructor. First, the essential social character of…

Designing Serious Game Interventions for Individuals with Autism.

PubMed

Whyte, Elisabeth M; Smyth, Joshua M; Scherf, K Suzanne

2015-12-01

The design of "Serious games" that use game components (e.g., storyline, long-term goals, rewards) to create engaging learning experiences has increased in recent years. We examine of the core principles of serious game design and examine the current use of these principles in computer-based interventions for individuals with autism. Participants who undergo these computer-based interventions often show little evidence of the ability to generalize such learning to novel, everyday social communicative interactions. This lack of generalized learning may result, in part, from the limited use of fundamental elements of serious game design that are known to maximize learning. We suggest that future computer-based interventions should consider the full range of serious game design principles that promote generalization of learning.

Design Principles for the Atomic and Electronic Structure of Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Materials: Insights from Computation.

PubMed

Berger, Robert F

2018-02-09

In the current decade, perovskite solar cell research has emerged as a remarkably active, promising, and rapidly developing field. Alongside breakthroughs in synthesis and device engineering, halide perovskite photovoltaic materials have been the subject of predictive and explanatory computational work. In this Minireview, we focus on a subset of this computation: density functional theory (DFT)-based work highlighting the ways in which the electronic structure and band gap of this class of materials can be tuned via changes in atomic structure. We distill this body of computational literature into a set of underlying design principles for the band gap engineering of these materials, and rationalize these principles from the viewpoint of band-edge orbital character. We hope that this perspective provides guidance and insight toward the rational design and continued improvement of perovskite photovoltaics. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Computational fluid mechanics utilizing the variational principle of modeling damping seals

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abernathy, J. M.

1986-01-01

A computational fluid dynamics code for application to traditional incompressible flow problems has been developed. The method is actually a slight compressibility approach which takes advantage of the bulk modulus and finite sound speed of all real fluids. The finite element numerical analog uses a dynamic differencing scheme based, in part, on a variational principle for computational fluid dynamics. The code was developed in order to study the feasibility of damping seals for high speed turbomachinery. Preliminary seal analyses have been performed.

Computer validation in toxicology: historical review for FDA and EPA good laboratory practice.

PubMed

Brodish, D L

1998-01-01

The application of computer validation principles to Good Laboratory Practice is a fairly recent phenomenon. As automated data collection systems have become more common in toxicology facilities, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have begun to focus inspections in this area. This historical review documents the development of regulatory guidance on computer validation in toxicology over the past several decades. An overview of the components of a computer life cycle is presented, including the development of systems descriptions, validation plans, validation testing, system maintenance, SOPs, change control, security considerations, and system retirement. Examples are provided for implementation of computer validation principles on laboratory computer systems in a toxicology facility.

Preventative Maintenance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Migliorino, James

Boards of education must be convinced that spending money up front for preventive maintenance will, in the long run, save districts' tax dollars. A good program of preventive maintenance can minimize disruption of service; reduce repair costs, energy consumption, and overtime; improve labor productivity and system equipment reliability; handle…

Emergency Beach-Fill Procedures: Lessons Learned From 2004 Hurricane Season

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) South Atlantic Fisheries Management) Clean Water Act (Section 401) Obtain Water Quality Certi- fication (WQC...Challenges Faced during Recovery Process Bulk funding for Project Information Report Preparation; funding process to disburse funds Over-time/ Holiday

Vehicle and driver scheduling for public transit.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

The problem of driver scheduling involves the construction of a legal set of shifts, including allowance : of overtime, which cover the blocks in a particular vehicle schedule. A shift is the work scheduled to be performed by : a driver in one day, w...

5 CFR 550.1403 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) Compensatory Time Off for Travel § 550.1403 Definitions. In this subpart: Accrued compensatory time off means... pay limitations. Compensatory time off means compensatory time off for travel that is credited under... of determining whether travel time is compensable for the purpose of determining overtime pay...

5 CFR 550.1403 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) Compensatory Time Off for Travel § 550.1403 Definitions. In this subpart: Accrued compensatory time off means... pay limitations. Compensatory time off means compensatory time off for travel that is credited under... of determining whether travel time is compensable for the purpose of determining overtime pay...

5 CFR 550.1403 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) Compensatory Time Off for Travel § 550.1403 Definitions. In this subpart: Accrued compensatory time off means... pay limitations. Compensatory time off means compensatory time off for travel that is credited under... of determining whether travel time is compensable for the purpose of determining overtime pay...

5 CFR 550.1403 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) Compensatory Time Off for Travel § 550.1403 Definitions. In this subpart: Accrued compensatory time off means... pay limitations. Compensatory time off means compensatory time off for travel that is credited under... of determining whether travel time is compensable for the purpose of determining overtime pay...

5 CFR 550.1403 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) Compensatory Time Off for Travel § 550.1403 Definitions. In this subpart: Accrued compensatory time off means... pay limitations. Compensatory time off means compensatory time off for travel that is credited under... of determining whether travel time is compensable for the purpose of determining overtime pay...

Effectiveness of the Twelve-Hour Shift.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brinton, Robert D.

1983-01-01

Although labor unions traditionally have fought for shorter working hours, there have been recent reversals in this trend. The Pulp and Paperboard Division of Temple-Eastex Incorporated converted to a 12-hour shift and found that safety improved, productivity increased, and overtime decreased. (JOW)

29 CFR 778.603 - Special overtime provisions for certain employees receiving remedial education under section 7(q).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... provided that the employee lacks a high school diploma or educational attainment at the eighth-grade level... or below, or to fulfill the requirements for a high school diploma or General Educational Development...

Materials Databases Infrastructure Constructed by First Principles Calculations: A Review

DOE PAGES

Lin, Lianshan

2015-10-13

The First Principles calculations, especially the calculation based on High-Throughput Density Functional Theory, have been widely accepted as the major tools in atom scale materials design. The emerging super computers, along with the powerful First Principles calculations, have accumulated hundreds of thousands of crystal and compound records. The exponential growing of computational materials information urges the development of the materials databases, which not only provide unlimited storage for the daily increasing data, but still keep the efficiency in data storage, management, query, presentation and manipulation. This review covers the most cutting edge materials databases in materials design, and their hotmore » applications such as in fuel cells. By comparing the advantages and drawbacks of these high-throughput First Principles materials databases, the optimized computational framework can be identified to fit the needs of fuel cell applications. The further development of high-throughput DFT materials database, which in essence accelerates the materials innovation, is discussed in the summary as well.« less

Who Needs What: Recommendations for Designing Effective Online Professional Development for Computer Science Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Qian, Yizhou; Hambrusch, Susanne; Yadav, Aman; Gretter, Sarah

2018-01-01

The new Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science (CS) Principles course increases the need for quality CS teachers and thus the need for professional development (PD). This article presents the results of a 2-year study investigating how teachers teaching the AP CS Principles course for the first time used online PD material. Our results showed…

The Relationship between the Interactive Computer Interview System and the "Praxis II" Principles of Learning and Teaching Test

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pruett, Sharon M.

2012-01-01

The objective of this study was to compare the relationships between the subtests of the Interactive Computer Interview System and the ETS "Praxis II" Principles of Learning and Teaching examination. In particular, this study compares scores on the ICIS instrument subtests to those gathered from the same classroom teachers on the…

A Program for the Identification of the Enterobacteriaceae for Use in Teaching the Principles of Computer Identification of Bacteria.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammonds, S. J.

1990-01-01

A technique for the numerical identification of bacteria using normalized likelihoods calculated from a probabilistic database is described, and the principles of the technique are explained. The listing of the computer program is included. Specimen results from the program, and examples of how they should be interpreted, are given. (KR)

Extinction from a rationalist perspective.

PubMed

Gallistel, C R

2012-05-01

The merging of the computational theory of mind and evolutionary thinking leads to a kind of rationalism, in which enduring truths about the world have become implicit in the computations that enable the brain to cope with the experienced world. The dead reckoning computation, for example, is implemented within the brains of animals as one of the mechanisms that enables them to learn where they are (Gallistel, 1990, 1995). It integrates a velocity signal with respect to a time signal. Thus, the manner in which position and velocity relate to one another in the world is reflected in the manner in which signals representing those variables are processed in the brain. I use principles of information theory and Bayesian inference to derive from other simple principles explanations for: (1) the failure of partial reinforcement to increase reinforcements to acquisition; (2) the partial reinforcement extinction effect; (3) spontaneous recovery; (4) renewal; (5) reinstatement; (6) resurgence (aka facilitated reacquisition). Like the principle underlying dead-reckoning, these principles are grounded in analytic considerations. They are the kind of enduring truths about the world that are likely to have shaped the brain's computations. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Improving operating room productivity via parallel anesthesia processing.

PubMed

Brown, Michael J; Subramanian, Arun; Curry, Timothy B; Kor, Daryl J; Moran, Steven L; Rohleder, Thomas R

2014-01-01

Parallel processing of regional anesthesia may improve operating room (OR) efficiency in patients undergoes upper extremity surgical procedures. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether performing regional anesthesia outside the OR in parallel increases total cases per day, improve efficiency and productivity. Data from all adult patients who underwent regional anesthesia as their primary anesthetic for upper extremity surgery over a one-year period were used to develop a simulation model. The model evaluated pure operating modes of regional anesthesia performed within and outside the OR in a parallel manner. The scenarios were used to evaluate how many surgeries could be completed in a standard work day (555 minutes) and assuming a standard three cases per day, what was the predicted end-of-day time overtime. Modeling results show that parallel processing of regional anesthesia increases the average cases per day for all surgeons included in the study. The average increase was 0.42 surgeries per day. Where it was assumed that three cases per day would be performed by all surgeons, the days going to overtime was reduced by 43 percent with parallel block. The overtime with parallel anesthesia was also projected to be 40 minutes less per day per surgeon. Key limitations include the assumption that all cases used regional anesthesia in the comparisons. Many days may have both regional and general anesthesia. Also, as a case study, single-center research may limit generalizability. Perioperative care providers should consider parallel administration of regional anesthesia where there is a desire to increase daily upper extremity surgical case capacity. Where there are sufficient resources to do parallel anesthesia processing, efficiency and productivity can be significantly improved. Simulation modeling can be an effective tool to show practice change effects at a system-wide level.

Fatigue of Chinese railway employees and its influential factors: Structural equation modelling.

PubMed

Tsao, Liuxing; Chang, Jing; Ma, Liang

2017-07-01

Fatigue is an identifiable and preventable cause of accidents in transport operations. Regarding the railway sector, incident logs and simulation studies show that employee fatigue leads to lack of alertness, impaired performance, and occurrence of incidents. China has one of the largest rail systems in the world, and Chinese railway employees work under high fatigue risks; therefore, it is important to assess their fatigue level and find the major factors leading to fatigue. We designed a questionnaire that uses Multidimensional Fatigue Instrument (MFI-20), NASA-TLX and subjective rating of work overtime feelings to assess employee fatigue. The contribution of each influential factor of fatigue was analysed using structural equation modelling. In total, 297 employees from the rail maintenance department and 227 employees from the locomotive department returned valid responses. The average scores and standard deviations for the five subscales of MFI-20, namely General Fatigue, Physical Fatigue, Reduced Activity, Reduced Motivation, and Mental Fatigue, were 2.9 (0.8), 2.8 (0.8), 2.5 (0.8), 2.5 (0.7), and 2.4 (0.8) among the rail maintenance employees and 3.5 (0.8), 3.5 (0.7), 3.3 (0.7), 3.0 (0.6), and 3.1 (0.7), respectively, among the locomotive employees. The fatigue of the locomotive employees was influenced by feelings related to working overtime (standardized r = 0.22) and workload (standardized r = 0.27). The work overtime control and physical working environment significantly influenced subjective feelings (standardized r = -0.25 and 0.47, respectively), while improper work/rest rhythms and an adverse physical working environment significantly increased the workload (standardized r = 0.48 and 0.33, respectively). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perception and predictors of quality of life among HIV patients attending art clinics in northwest Ethiopia: a prospective longitudinal study.

PubMed

Wubshet, Mamo; Berhane, Yemane; Worku, Alemayehu; Kebede, Yigzaw

2014-07-01

In treating HIV as a chronic disease, monitoring changes of quality of life of patient's overtime is important for clinicians and policy makers. However, to our knowledge little research attention has been directed towards examining the longitudinal change of quality of life overtime in sub-Saharan Africa. To examine longitudinal changes in quality of life among patients initiated ART METHOD: A prospective longitudinal follow-up study was conducted from December 2009 to August 2011 to evaluate the changes in quality of life and how this relates with baseline socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among consecutive adult ART naïve patients attending ART clinic. Quality of life was measured by WHOQOL-HIV BREF. All quality of life domain scores improved significantly during 12 month follow-up in the ART program. At each follow-up visit, scores were significantly higher than baseline scores (p < 0.001). Predictors of improved quality of life were male gender, disclosure of HIV status, starting ART at higher CD4, > 200 cells/μL, and good baseline overall quality of life, whereas predictors of poor quality of life were starting ART with advanced disease stage and tuberculosis co-infection. This study demonstrated that the quality of life improved overtime for HIV-infected individuals receiving ART which is consistent with previous studies. It also provided information regarding the predictive effects of baseline socio-demographic and clinical factors on the changes in quality of life at the 12-month follow-up time. The finding of the study has implications of starting ART at a higher CD4 and early stage of the disease for better quality of life outcomes.

First-arrival traveltime computation for quasi-P waves in 2D transversely isotropic media using Fermat’s principle-based fast marching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, Jiangtao; Cao, Junxing; Wang, Huazhong; Wang, Xingjian; Jiang, Xudong

2017-12-01

First-arrival traveltime computation for quasi-P waves in transversely isotropic (TI) media is the key component of tomography and depth migration. It is appealing to use the fast marching method in isotropic media as it efficiently computes traveltime along an expanding wavefront. It uses the finite difference method to solve the eikonal equation. However, applying the fast marching method in anisotropic media faces challenges because the anisotropy introduces additional nonlinearity in the eikonal equation and solving this nonlinear eikonal equation with the finite difference method is challenging. To address this problem, we present a Fermat’s principle-based fast marching method to compute traveltime in two-dimensional TI media. This method is applicable in both vertical and tilted TI (VTI and TTI) media. It computes traveltime along an expanding wavefront using Fermat’s principle instead of the eikonal equation. Thus, it does not suffer from the nonlinearity of the eikonal equation in TI media. To compute traveltime using Fermat’s principle, the explicit expression of group velocity in TI media is required to describe the ray propagation. The moveout approximation is adopted to obtain the explicit expression of group velocity. Numerical examples on both VTI and TTI models show that the traveltime contour obtained by the proposed method matches well with the wavefront from the wave equation. This shows that the proposed method could be used in depth migration and tomography.

Rational, computer-enabled peptide drug design: principles, methods, applications and future directions.

PubMed

Diller, David J; Swanson, Jon; Bayden, Alexander S; Jarosinski, Mark; Audie, Joseph

2015-01-01

Peptides provide promising templates for developing drugs to occupy a middle space between small molecules and antibodies and for targeting 'undruggable' intracellular protein-protein interactions. Importantly, rational or in cerebro design, especially when coupled with validated in silico tools, can be used to efficiently explore chemical space and identify islands of 'drug-like' peptides to satisfy diverse drug discovery program objectives. Here, we consider the underlying principles of and recent advances in rational, computer-enabled peptide drug design. In particular, we consider the impact of basic physicochemical properties, potency and ADME/Tox opportunities and challenges, and recently developed computational tools for enabling rational peptide drug design. Key principles and practices are spotlighted by recent case studies. We close with a hypothetical future case study.

Quantifying uncertainty of remotely sensed topographic surveys for ephemeral gully channel monitoring

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Spatio-temporal measurements of landform evolution provide the basis for process-based theory formulation and validation. Overtime, field measurement of landforms has increased significantly worldwide, driven primarily by the availability of new surveying technologies. However, there is not a standa...

5 CFR 550.111 - Authorization of overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Section 550.111 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY..., engineering or scientific activities. For purposes of this section and section 5542(a) of title 5. United States Code, an employee is engaged in professional or technical engineering or scientfic activities when...

5 CFR 550.111 - Authorization of overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Section 550.111 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY..., engineering or scientific activities. For purposes of this section and section 5542(a) of title 5. United States Code, an employee is engaged in professional or technical engineering or scientfic activities when...

5 CFR 550.111 - Authorization of overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Section 550.111 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY..., engineering or scientific activities. For purposes of this section and section 5542(a) of title 5. United States Code, an employee is engaged in professional or technical engineering or scientfic activities when...

5 CFR 550.111 - Authorization of overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Section 550.111 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY..., engineering or scientific activities. For purposes of this section and section 5542(a) of title 5. United States Code, an employee is engaged in professional or technical engineering or scientfic activities when...

5 CFR 550.111 - Authorization of overtime pay.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 550.111 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY..., engineering or scientific activities. For purposes of this section and section 5542(a) of title 5. United States Code, an employee is engaged in professional or technical engineering or scientfic activities when...

So What? Practical Guidance for Regulators and Consultants

EPA Science Inventory

Ethanol in gasoline can have at least three significant effects on the quality of ground water. The ethanol can change the concentration of benzene in contact with the spilled gasoline, the ethanol can persist overtime, allowing the ethanol to remain as a contaminant, and ethano...

48 CFR 422.103-4 - Approvals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Basic Labor Policies 422.103-4 Approvals. Requests for the use of overtime shall be approved by an acquisition official at a level above the contracting officer in accordance with the procedures in FAR 22.103-4 (a) and (b). ...

29 CFR 780.501 - Statutory provision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Agricultural Employees in Processing Shade-Grown Tobacco; Exemption From Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay... Labor Standards Act exempts from the minimum wage requirements of section 6 of the Act and from the... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...

29 CFR 552.109 - Third party employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the Act's minimum wage and overtime pay requirements by virtue of section 13(a)(15). Assigning such an... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATIONS APPLICATION... workweek, provided that the services rendered during each assignment come within the definition of...

Economics of oversized cyclones in the cotton ginning industry

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Cost of reducing pollution to meet increasingly stringent air quality standards particularly for the U.S. cotton ginning industry is rising overtime. Most industry participants use cyclones to control air pollutants. These cyclones have no moving parts and their initial investment costs are relative...

5 CFR 551.531 - Compensatory time off.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Compensatory time off. 551.531 Section 551.531 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PAY ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Overtime Pay Provisions Compensatory Time Off § 551.531...

Modelling of DNA-protein recognition

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rein, R.; Garduno, R.; Colombano, S.; Nir, S.; Haydock, K.; Macelroy, R. D.

1980-01-01

Computer model-building procedures using stereochemical principles together with theoretical energy calculations appear to be, at this stage, the most promising route toward the elucidation of DNA-protein binding schemes and recognition principles. A review of models and bonding principles is conducted and approaches to modeling are considered, taking into account possible di-hydrogen-bonding schemes between a peptide and a base (or a base pair) of a double-stranded nucleic acid in the major groove, aspects of computer graphic modeling, and a search for isogeometric helices. The energetics of recognition complexes is discussed and several models for peptide DNA recognition are presented.

A nursing pilot study on bedside reporting to promote best practice and patient/family-centered care.

PubMed

Tidwell, Tracy; Edwards, Jessica; Snider, Emily; Lindsey, Connie; Reed, Ann; Scroggins, Iva; Zarski, Christy; Brigance, Joe

2011-08-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bedside nursing report implementation on a pediatric neuroscience unit. The change-of-shift nursing report often involves only nurse-to-nurse communication, occurs far away from the patient's bedside, and includes little or no patient/family involvement. Studies show that the bedside nursing report is a more comprehensive and patient-centered approach (C. D. Anderson & R. R. Mangino, 2006). Patient and nurse satisfaction and nursing overtime were measured 6 months before and 6 months after the implementation of bedside reporting. Data were analyzed using paired t test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact tests to determine significant changes. Patients, families, and nurses reported an increase in satisfaction after the implementation of bedside reporting. Overtime decreased and represented a potential cost savings of nearly $13,000 annually. Bedside reporting saves money, improves patient and nurse satisfaction, and is a more comprehensive approach to change-of-shift reporting.

Weighing obligations to home care workers and Medicaid recipients.

PubMed

Treacy, Paul C; MacKay, Douglas

2017-01-01

In June 2016, a US Department of Labor rule extending minimum wage and overtime pay protections to home care workers such as certified nursing assistants and home health aides survived its final legal challenge and became effective. However, Medicaid officials in certain states reported that during the intervening decades when these protections were not in place, their states had developed a range of innovative services and programs providing home care to people with disabilities-services and programs that would be at risk if workers were newly owed minimum wage and overtime pay. In this article, we examine whether the Department of Labor was right to extend these wage protections to home care workers even at the risk of a reduction in these home care services to people with disabilities. We argue that it was right to do so. Home care workers are entitled to these protections, and, although it is permissible under certain conditions for government to infringe workers' occupational rights and entitlements, these conditions are not satisfied in this case.

Flexible working hours and well-being in Finland.

PubMed

Kandolin, I; Härmä, M; Toivanen, M

2001-12-01

Flexibility of working hours became more prevalent in the 1990s in Finland. According to a representative survey on Finnish wage and salary earners (n = 1790) at the beginning of 2000, a great majority of male (76%) and female (65%) employees regularly worked overtime and/or had irregular working hours every month. These employees were flexible in meeting the needs of their companies/employers. Individual flexibility of working hours was far less common, only one third of male and female employees were able to regulate their working hours. A better balance between company-controlled and individual flexibility would, however, improve the well-being of employees. Employees working overtime without being allowed to regulate their working hours felt more symptoms of distress and had more conflicts in combining workplace and family roles than those who could individually determine their working hours flexibly. An investment in individually determined flexibility, for example by means of participatory planning, would improve the well-being of employees, and thus also improve the productivity of the organization.

Risk Factors for Increased Severity of Paediatric Medication Administration Errors

PubMed Central

Sears, Kim; Goodman, William M.

2012-01-01

Patients' risks from medication errors are widely acknowledged. Yet not all errors, if they occur, have the same risks for severe consequences. Facing resource constraints, policy makers could prioritize factors having the greatest severe–outcome risks. This study assists such prioritization by identifying work-related risk factors most clearly associated with more severe consequences. Data from three Canadian paediatric centres were collected, without identifiers, on actual or potential errors that occurred. Three hundred seventy-two errors were reported, with outcome severities ranging from time delays up to fatalities. Four factors correlated significantly with increased risk for more severe outcomes: insufficient training; overtime; precepting a student; and off-service patient. Factors' impacts on severity also vary with error class: for wrong-time errors, the factors precepting a student or working overtime significantly increase severe-outcomes risk. For other types, caring for an off-service patient has greatest severity risk. To expand such research, better standardization is needed for categorizing outcome severities. PMID:23968607

Incidence of workers compensation indemnity claims across socio-demographic and job characteristics.

PubMed

Du, Juan; Leigh, J Paul

2011-10-01

We hypothesized that low socioeconomic status, employer-provided health insurance, low wages, and overtime were predictors of reporting workers compensation indemnity claims. We also tested for gender and race disparities. Responses from 17,190 (person-years) Americans participating in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1997-2005, were analyzed with logistic regressions. The dependent variable indicated whether the subject collected benefits from a claim. Odds ratios for men and African-Americans were relatively large and strongly significant predictors of claims; significance for Hispanics was moderate and confounded by education. Odds ratios for variables measuring education were the largest for all statistically significant covariates. Neither low wages nor employer-provided health insurance was a consistent predictor. Due to confounding from the "not salaried" variable, overtime was not a consistently significant predictor. Few studies use nationally representative longitudinal data to consider which demographic and job characteristics predict reporting workers compensation indemnity cases. This study did and tested some common hypotheses about predictors. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Computational Foundations of Natural Intelligence

PubMed Central

van Gerven, Marcel

2017-01-01

New developments in AI and neuroscience are revitalizing the quest to understanding natural intelligence, offering insight about how to equip machines with human-like capabilities. This paper reviews some of the computational principles relevant for understanding natural intelligence and, ultimately, achieving strong AI. After reviewing basic principles, a variety of computational modeling approaches is discussed. Subsequently, I concentrate on the use of artificial neural networks as a framework for modeling cognitive processes. This paper ends by outlining some of the challenges that remain to fulfill the promise of machines that show human-like intelligence. PMID:29375355

The Transfer of Abstract Principles Governing Complex Adaptive Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldstone, Robert L.; Sakamoto, Yasuaki

2003-01-01

Four experiments explored participants' understanding of the abstract principles governing computer simulations of complex adaptive systems. Experiments 1, 2, and 3 showed better transfer of abstract principles across simulations that were relatively dissimilar, and that this effect was due to participants who performed relatively poorly on the…

The impact of multiple care giving roles on fatigue, stress, and work performance among hospital staff nurses.

PubMed

Scott, Linda D; Hwang, Wei-Ting; Rogers, Ann E

2006-02-01

This study describes fatigue and stress among a random sample of full-time hospital staff nurses (n=393) who provide care for aging family members, compares the results to nurses with and without children younger than 18 years living at home, examines differences in sleep duration, and explores the effects on work performance by care giving status during a 4-week period. Little attention has been given to the effects of care giver well-being when individuals assume dual roles as family and professional care givers. Hospital staff nurses recorded daily information concerning their work hours, errors, sleep/wake patterns, perceptions of fatigue, alertness, and stress and periods of drowsiness and sleep episodes while on duty for 28 days. Fatigue and stress levels were significantly higher among nurses caring for both children and elders. However, nurses providing elder care at home were more fatigued, sleep-deprived, and likely to make errors at work. These findings underscore the importance of restorative sleep interventions and fatigue countermeasures for hospital staff nurses involved in dual care giving roles. Limiting overtime and applying circadian principles to hospital scheduling processes would ensure a more alert workforce, minimize health risks for nurses, and maximize the safety of those in their care.

29 CFR 548.405 - Representative period.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... employee exclusive of overtime premiums over a representative period of time. 21 The basic rate will be... discussion of the exclusion of vacation pay, holiday pay, discretionary bonuses and other payments from the average hourly earnings which comprise the employee's regular rate of pay. (b) The length of time...

29 CFR 548.405 - Representative period.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... employee exclusive of overtime premiums over a representative period of time. 21 The basic rate will be... discussion of the exclusion of vacation pay, holiday pay, discretionary bonuses and other payments from the average hourly earnings which comprise the employee's regular rate of pay. (b) The length of time...

48 CFR 970.2201-2-1 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Policy. 970.2201-2-1... REGULATIONS DOE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATING CONTRACTS Application of Labor Policies 970.2201-2-1 Policy... and use overtime only when necessary to ensure performance of work under the contract. ...

29 CFR 780.722 - Exempt workweeks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND RELATED SUBJECTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Employment by Small Country Elevators Within Area of Production; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(14... “employed in the establishment in such operations”, and if the “area of production” requirement is met. ...

29 CFR 780.522 - Nonprocessing employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Nonprocessing employees. 780.522 Section 780.522 Labor... Agricultural Employees in Processing Shade-Grown Tobacco; Exemption From Minimum Wage and Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(a)(14) Exempt Processing § 780.522 Nonprocessing employees. Only those employees...

29 CFR 780.911 - Preparation for transportation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Preparation for transportation. 780.911 Section 780.911... Employment in Fruit and Vegetable Harvest Transportation; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(16) Exempt Operations on Fruits Or Vegetables § 780.911 Preparation for transportation. The...

29 CFR 780.911 - Preparation for transportation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Preparation for transportation. 780.911 Section 780.911... Employment in Fruit and Vegetable Harvest Transportation; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(16) Exempt Operations on Fruits Or Vegetables § 780.911 Preparation for transportation. The...

29 CFR 780.911 - Preparation for transportation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Preparation for transportation. 780.911 Section 780.911... Employment in Fruit and Vegetable Harvest Transportation; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(16) Exempt Operations on Fruits Or Vegetables § 780.911 Preparation for transportation. The...

29 CFR 780.911 - Preparation for transportation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Preparation for transportation. 780.911 Section 780.911... Employment in Fruit and Vegetable Harvest Transportation; Exemption From Overtime Pay Requirements Under Section 13(b)(16) Exempt Operations on Fruits Or Vegetables § 780.911 Preparation for transportation. The...

48 CFR 22.103-3 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Procedures. 22.103-3 Section 22.103-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC... secure from the contractor a request for all overtime to be used during the life of the contract, to the...

48 CFR 22.103-3 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Procedures. 22.103-3 Section 22.103-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC... secure from the contractor a request for all overtime to be used during the life of the contract, to the...

48 CFR 22.103-3 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Procedures. 22.103-3 Section 22.103-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC... secure from the contractor a request for all overtime to be used during the life of the contract, to the...

48 CFR 22.103-3 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Procedures. 22.103-3 Section 22.103-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC... secure from the contractor a request for all overtime to be used during the life of the contract, to the...

48 CFR 22.103-3 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Procedures. 22.103-3 Section 22.103-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC... secure from the contractor a request for all overtime to be used during the life of the contract, to the...

48 CFR 822.305 - Contract clause.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Hours and Safety Standards Act—nursing home care contract supplement, in solicitations and contracts for nursing home care when the FAR clause at 52.222-4, Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act—Overtime... PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act...

48 CFR 822.305 - Contract clause.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Hours and Safety Standards Act—nursing home care contract supplement, in solicitations and contracts for nursing home care when the FAR clause at 52.222-4, Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act—Overtime... PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act...

Mini-Shifts: An Alternative to Overtime

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Werther, William B., Jr.

1976-01-01

Widely held misconceptions about the dependability, availability, and ability of part-time manpower have prevented this reservoir of potential employees from realizing its full capabilities. These misconceptions are explored, the advantages to using part-time personnel are discussed, and a variety of possible schedule variations are described.…

78 FR 16299 - Proposed Extension of the Approval of Information Collection Requirements

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-14

... Federal minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and youth employment standards of most general... DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Wage and Hour Division RIN 1235-0018 Proposed Extension of the Approval of Information Collection Requirements AGENCY: Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor. ACTION: Notice...

29 CFR 780.500 - Scope and significance of interpretative bulletin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... from the minimum wage and overtime pay provisions of the Act for certain agricultural employees engaged... Section 780.500 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF... STANDARDS ACT Employment or Agricultural Employees in Processing Shade-Grown Tobacco; Exemption From Minimum...

29 CFR 780.1001 - General explanatory statement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Employment of Home- workers in Making Wreaths; Exemption From Minimum Wage, Overtime Compensation, and Child... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false General explanatory statement. 780.1001 Section 780.1001 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS...

Principles for the wise use of computers by children.

PubMed

Straker, L; Pollock, C; Maslen, B

2009-11-01

Computer use by children at home and school is now common in many countries. Child computer exposure varies with the type of computer technology available and the child's age, gender and social group. This paper reviews the current exposure data and the evidence for positive and negative effects of computer use by children. Potential positive effects of computer use by children include enhanced cognitive development and school achievement, reduced barriers to social interaction, enhanced fine motor skills and visual processing and effective rehabilitation. Potential negative effects include threats to child safety, inappropriate content, exposure to violence, bullying, Internet 'addiction', displacement of moderate/vigorous physical activity, exposure to junk food advertising, sleep displacement, vision problems and musculoskeletal problems. The case for child specific evidence-based guidelines for wise use of computers is presented based on children using computers differently to adults, being physically, cognitively and socially different to adults, being in a state of change and development and the potential to impact on later adult risk. Progress towards child-specific guidelines is reported. Finally, a set of guideline principles is presented as the basis for more detailed guidelines on the physical, cognitive and social impact of computer use by children. The principles cover computer literacy, technology safety, child safety and privacy and appropriate social, cognitive and physical development. The majority of children in affluent communities now have substantial exposure to computers. This is likely to have significant effects on child physical, cognitive and social development. Ergonomics can provide and promote guidelines for wise use of computers by children and by doing so promote the positive effects and reduce the negative effects of computer-child, and subsequent computer-adult, interaction.

Computer Recreations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dewdney, A. K.

1989-01-01

Reviews the performance of computer programs for writing poetry and prose, including MARK V. SHANEY, MELL, POETRY GENERATOR, THUNDER THOUGHT, and ORPHEUS. Discusses the writing principles of the programs. Provides additional information on computer magnification techniques. (YP)

Computer-based teaching module design: principles derived from learning theories.

PubMed

Lau, K H Vincent

2014-03-01

The computer-based teaching module (CBTM), which has recently gained prominence in medical education, is a teaching format in which a multimedia program serves as a single source for knowledge acquisition rather than playing an adjunctive role as it does in computer-assisted learning (CAL). Despite empirical validation in the past decade, there is limited research into the optimisation of CBTM design. This review aims to summarise research in classic and modern multimedia-specific learning theories applied to computer learning, and to collapse the findings into a set of design principles to guide the development of CBTMs. Scopus was searched for: (i) studies of classic cognitivism, constructivism and behaviourism theories (search terms: 'cognitive theory' OR 'constructivism theory' OR 'behaviourism theory' AND 'e-learning' OR 'web-based learning') and their sub-theories applied to computer learning, and (ii) recent studies of modern learning theories applied to computer learning (search terms: 'learning theory' AND 'e-learning' OR 'web-based learning') for articles published between 1990 and 2012. The first search identified 29 studies, dominated in topic by the cognitive load, elaboration and scaffolding theories. The second search identified 139 studies, with diverse topics in connectivism, discovery and technical scaffolding. Based on their relative representation in the literature, the applications of these theories were collapsed into a list of CBTM design principles. Ten principles were identified and categorised into three levels of design: the global level (managing objectives, framing, minimising technical load); the rhetoric level (optimising modality, making modality explicit, scaffolding, elaboration, spaced repeating), and the detail level (managing text, managing devices). This review examined the literature in the application of learning theories to CAL to develop a set of principles that guide CBTM design. Further research will enable educators to take advantage of this unique teaching format as it gains increasing importance in medical education. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

How Computer Graphics Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prosise, Jeff

This document presents the principles behind modern computer graphics without straying into the arcane languages of mathematics and computer science. Illustrations accompany the clear, step-by-step explanations that describe how computers draw pictures. The 22 chapters of the book are organized into 5 sections. "Part 1: Computer Graphics in…

Causal learning with local computations.

PubMed

Fernbach, Philip M; Sloman, Steven A

2009-05-01

The authors proposed and tested a psychological theory of causal structure learning based on local computations. Local computations simplify complex learning problems via cues available on individual trials to update a single causal structure hypothesis. Structural inferences from local computations make minimal demands on memory, require relatively small amounts of data, and need not respect normative prescriptions as inferences that are principled locally may violate those principles when combined. Over a series of 3 experiments, the authors found (a) systematic inferences from small amounts of data; (b) systematic inference of extraneous causal links; (c) influence of data presentation order on inferences; and (d) error reduction through pretraining. Without pretraining, a model based on local computations fitted data better than a Bayesian structural inference model. The data suggest that local computations serve as a heuristic for learning causal structure. Copyright 2009 APA, all rights reserved.

Family Responsive Policies and Employee Retention Following Childbirth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glass, Jennifer L.; Riley, Lisa

1998-01-01

Among 324 employed women in Indiana, followed from pregnancy through 12 months postpartum, job attrition after childbirth was significantly decreased by employer policies, particularly length of maternity leave and ability to avoid mandatory overtime upon return, and was also decreased by supervisor and coworker social support, greater educational…

29 CFR 553.21 - Statutory provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... such work was any other work, the employee engaged in such work may accrue not more than 240 hours of... accrued 480 or 240 hours, as the case may be, of compensatory time off shall, for additional overtime... the employee receives such payment. (4) An employee who has accrued compensatory time off authorized...

29 CFR 784.16 - “Regular rate.”

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... pay provisions of the Act must generally receive for their overtime work in any workweek as provided... Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION NOT DIRECTLY RELATED TO REGULATIONS PROVISIONS OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT APPLICABLE TO...

29 CFR 552.2 - Purpose and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATIONS APPLICATION OF THE... employed in such domestic service work by one or more employers for more than 8 hours in the aggregate in any workweek. Section 7(l) extends generally the protection of the overtime provisions of section 7(a...

9 CFR 381.38 - Overtime and holiday inspection service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Birthday, the third Monday in February; Memorial Day, the last Monday in May; Independence Day, July 4... above-listed holidays falls outside the basic workweek, the nearest workday within that week shall be... service. (a) The management of an official establishment, an importer, or an exporter shall reimburse the...

9 CFR 307.5 - Overtime and holiday inspection service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Birthday, the third Monday in February; Memorial Day, the last Monday in May; Independence Day, July 4... above-listed holidays falls outside the basic workweek, the nearest workday within that week shall...) The management of an official establishment, an importer, or an exporter shall reimburse the Program...

29 CFR 778.314 - Special situations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... demonstrate that the hours for which contract overtime compensation is paid to employees working on a “task... may be applicable in such a case. Effect of Failure To Count or Pay for Certain Working Hours ... Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR STATEMENTS OF GENERAL...

48 CFR 31.205-44 - Training and education costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Training and education... Organizations 31.205-44 Training and education costs. Costs of training and education that are related to the... follows: (a) Overtime compensation for training and education is unallowable. (b) The cost of salaries for...

48 CFR 22.301 - Statutory requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act... that no laborer or mechanic doing any part of the work contemplated by the contract shall be required or permitted to work more than 40 hours in any workweek unless paid for all such overtime hours at...

48 CFR 22.301 - Statutory requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... PROGRAMS APPLICATION OF LABOR LAWS TO GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act... that no laborer or mechanic doing any part of the work contemplated by the contract shall be required or permitted to work more than 40 hours in any workweek unless paid for all such overtime hours at...

Staffing Smaller Police Agencies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivero, David A.; Colombo, Michael

2010-01-01

All aspects of police work are challenging both professionally and personally. Police officers are accustomed to shift work, mandatory overtime, schedule adjustments for training, holidays and disasters, recalls and required off-duty court appearances. Police officers traditionally work eight hours per day, five day weeks (otherwise known as a 5/8…

Preschools Under the Fair Labor Standards Act. (Revised).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Employment Standards Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. Wage and Hour Div.

This pamphlet provides general information concerning the application of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) to employees of preschool centers. The contents include discussion of the purview of the Act regarding preschools; monetary requirements such as minimum wages and employee facilities; provisions for equal pay, overtime pay, work hours,…

Undergraduate Students as Partners in New Faculty Orientation and Academic Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cook-Sather, Alison

2016-01-01

Addressing both the increasingly complex process of becoming an educator at the tertiary level and the growing recognition of the importance of student engagement, student-faculty partnerships have emerged as one way of fundamentally rethinking academic development. Participant reflections suggest that the over-time, partnership approach to…

29 CFR 780.405 - Exemption is direct and does not mean activities are agriculture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... agriculture. 780.405 Section 780.405 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... EXEMPTIONS APPLICABLE TO AGRICULTURE, PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND RELATED SUBJECTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Employment in Agriculture or Irrigation That Is Exempted From the Overtime Pay...

29 CFR 780.405 - Exemption is direct and does not mean activities are agriculture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... agriculture. 780.405 Section 780.405 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... EXEMPTIONS APPLICABLE TO AGRICULTURE, PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND RELATED SUBJECTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Employment in Agriculture or Irrigation That Is Exempted From the Overtime Pay...

29 CFR 780.405 - Exemption is direct and does not mean activities are agriculture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... agriculture. 780.405 Section 780.405 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... EXEMPTIONS APPLICABLE TO AGRICULTURE, PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND RELATED SUBJECTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Employment in Agriculture or Irrigation That Is Exempted From the Overtime Pay...

29 CFR 780.405 - Exemption is direct and does not mean activities are agriculture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... agriculture. 780.405 Section 780.405 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... EXEMPTIONS APPLICABLE TO AGRICULTURE, PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND RELATED SUBJECTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Employment in Agriculture or Irrigation That Is Exempted From the Overtime Pay...

29 CFR 780.405 - Exemption is direct and does not mean activities are agriculture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... agriculture. 780.405 Section 780.405 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION... EXEMPTIONS APPLICABLE TO AGRICULTURE, PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AND RELATED SUBJECTS UNDER THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT Employment in Agriculture or Irrigation That Is Exempted From the Overtime Pay...

Look closer: Time sequence photography of Roosters Comb in the Sheep Creek Range, Nevada

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The importance of understanding natural landscape changes is key in properly determining rangeland ecology. Time sequence photography allows a snapshot of a landscape to be documented and enables the ability to compare natural changes overtime. Photographs of Roosters Comb were taken from the same v...

38 CFR 53.11 - General requirements for payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... (CONTINUED) PAYMENTS TO STATES FOR PROGRAMS TO PROMOTE THE HIRING AND RETENTION OF NURSES AT STATE VETERANS... an employee incentive program to reduce the shortage of nurses at the SVH, when the following... limited to SVH records showing nursing vacancies, SVH records showing nurse overtime use, and reports...

Child Reactivity Moderates the Over-Time Association between Mother-Child Conflict Quality and Externalizing Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Jackie A.

2015-01-01

Constructive parent-child conflict interactions that teach children to problem-solve and negotiate can enhance children's social adjustment. This paper identifies constructive and destructive qualities of mother-child conflict and explores whether child temperament moderated associations with changes in externalizing problems over time. One…

12 CFR 268.501 - Remedies and relief.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... placement in the position the person would have occupied but for the discrimination suffered by that person... make whole basis for any loss of earnings the person may have suffered as a result of the... benefit denied (e.g., training, preferential work assignments, overtime scheduling). (d) The Board has the...

48 CFR 31.205-44 - Training and education costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Training and education... Organizations 31.205-44 Training and education costs. Costs of training and education that are related to the... follows: (a) Overtime compensation for training and education is unallowable. (b) The cost of salaries for...

48 CFR 31.205-44 - Training and education costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Training and education... Organizations 31.205-44 Training and education costs. Costs of training and education that are related to the... follows: (a) Overtime compensation for training and education is unallowable. (b) The cost of salaries for...

48 CFR 31.205-44 - Training and education costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Training and education... Organizations 31.205-44 Training and education costs. Costs of training and education that are related to the... follows: (a) Overtime compensation for training and education is unallowable. (b) The cost of salaries for...