Sample records for program hole 1256d

  1. IODP Expedition 335: Deep Sampling in ODP Hole 1256D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Teagle, D. A. H.; Ildefonse, B.; Blum, P.; IODP Expedition 335 Scientists, the

    2012-04-01

    Observations of the gabbroic layers of untectonized ocean crust are essential to test theoretical models of the accretion of new crust at mid-ocean ridges. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 335 ("Superfast Spreading Rate Crust 4") returned to Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 1256D with the intention of deepening this reference penetration of intact ocean crust a significant distance (~350 m) into cumulate gabbros. Three earlier cruises to Hole 1256D (ODP 206, IODP 309/312) have drilled through the sediments, lavas, and dikes and 100 m into a complex dike-gabbro transition zone. Operations on IODP Expedition 335 proved challenging throughout, with almost three weeks spent re-opening and securing unstable sections of the hole. When coring commenced, the comprehensive destruction of the coring bit required further remedial operations to remove junk and huge volumes of accumulated drill cuttings. Hole-cleaning operations using junk baskets were successful, and they recovered large irregular samples that document a hitherto unseen sequence of evolving geological conditions and the intimate coupling between temporally and spatially intercalated intrusive, hydrothermal, contact-metamorphic, partial melting, and retrogressive processes. Hole 1256D is now clean of junk, and it has been thoroughly cleared of the drill cuttings that hampered operations during this and previous expeditions. At the end of Expedition 335, we briefly resumed coring before undertaking cementing operations to secure problematic intervals. To ensure the greatest scientific return from the huge efforts to stabilize this primary ocean lithosphere reference site, it would be prudent to resume the deepening of Hole 1256D in the nearest possible future while it is open to full depth. doi:10.2204/iodp.sd.13.04.2011

  2. The leading edge of basement logging science: The detailed in situ volcanic architecture, crustal construction processes, vacancy for water, minerals, and microbes, and beyond

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tominaga, M.

    2010-12-01

    Understanding the detailed architecture of the upper ocean crust is one of the key components to advance our knowledge on numerous events occurring in the oceanic lithosphere from spreading ridges to subduction zones. Studies on crustal characterization are limited to either the crustal or hand-specimen scales so far, and little has been done at centimeter - meter scale, which potentially ties those two end-member prospects. The lack of this scale is due mainly to the difficulties in direct sampling and the limited resolution of geophysical experiments; as a consequence, critical questions remain unanswered, e.g., what does the cross-section of actual ocean crust look like and what does it tell us?; where exactly in the lithosphere does fluid exist and promote the deep hydration and biosphere?; to what extent do we average out the heterogeneity in the crustal properties depending on the scale? Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 1256D is located at the 15 Ma super-fast spreading Cocos Plate and the first drilled hole that successfully penetrate through the intact upper ocean crust. Coring in the Hole 1256D basement is suffered from the low core recovery rates (~ 32 %) and the origins of recovered cores are mostly biased toward formations with minimal fractures. Wire-line logging in this hole becomes, thus, extremely useful for both the physical and chemical characterization of the crust. In particular, Formation MicroScanner (FMS) data acquired from multiple paths during three drilling expeditions have unprecedented lateral coverage of the borehole wall. The FMS images are the first realization of the cross-section of in situ architecture of the intact upper ocean crust with a centimeter-meter scale resolution. A lithostratigraphy model is reconstructed by integrating the analyses on FMS electrofacies, other physical property logs, and recovered cores. The new lithostratigraphy reveals that nearly 50 % of the in situ lithofacies in the Hole 1256D crust consists of either breccias or highly fractured lava flows, inferring that the shipboard stratigraphy with mostly massive flows is inaccurate. The meticulously deciphered lava morphology tie the lava deposition history in Hole 1256D to the East Pacific Rise surface volcanology, and with this, the upper ocean crustal construction processes in the Hole 1256D crust, from the spreading axis to the abyssal plain, can be proposed. Furthermore, the vacancy in the crustal matrix, where water and minerals can be stored and microbes can exist, is determined from the FMS images. The distribution and areas of the surface void calculated by ImageJ image processor reveals that the visible void in the 1256D crust vary 10 to 60 % depending on lithofacies, with the average of 37 %. This downhole distribution of the void areas also shows the positive correlation with previously observed lab-based porosity and 1-D sonic-log based fractional porosity data. Further study is in progress on scaling of the porosity structure from hand-specimen to crustal scales in the Hole 1256D crust: from the lab porosity data, to 1D sonic-log, to the areas of surface void detected observed in the FMS images, and ultimately to the vertical seismic experiments.

  3. Battling through the thermal boundary layer: Deep sampling in ODP Hole 1256D during IODP Expedition 335

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ildefonse, B.; Teagle, D. A.; Blum, P.; IODP Expedition 335 Scientists

    2011-12-01

    IODP Expedition 335 "Superfast Spreading Rate Crust 4" returned to ODP Hole 1256D with the intent of deepening this reference penetration of intact ocean crust several hundred meters into cumulate gabbros. This was the fourth cruise of the superfast campaign to understand the formation of oceanic crust accreted at fast spreading ridges, by exploiting the inverse relationship between spreading rate and the depth to low velocity zones seismically imaged at active mid-ocean zones, thought to be magma chambers. Site 1256 is located on 15-million-year-old crust formed at the East Pacific Rise during an episode of superfast ocean spreading (>200 mm/yr full rate). Three earlier cruises to Hole 1256D have drilled through the sediments, lavas and dikes and 100 m into a complex dike-gabbro transition zone. The specific objectives of IODP Expedition 335 were to: (1) test models of magmatic accretion at fast spreading ocean ridges; (2) quantify the vigor of hydrothermal cooling of the lower crust; (3) establish the geological meaning of the seismic Layer 2-3 boundary at Site 1256; and (4) estimate the contribution of lower crustal gabbros to marine magnetic anomalies. It was anticipated that even a shortened IODP Expedition could deepen Hole 1256D a significant distance (300 m) into cumulate gabbros. Operations on IODP Expedition 335 proved challenging from the outset with almost three weeks spent re-opening and securing unstable sections of the Hole. When coring commenced, the destruction of a hard-formation C9 rotary coring bit at the bottom of the hole required further remedial operations to remove junk and huge volumes of accumulated drill cuttings. Hole-cleaning operations using junk baskets returned large samples of a contact-metamorphic aureole between the sheeted dikes and a major heat source below. These large (up to 3.5 kg) irregular samples preserve magmatic, hydrothermal and structural relationships hitherto unseen because of the narrow diameter of drill core and previous poor core recovery. Including the ~60 m-thick zone of granoblastic dikes overlying the uppermost gabbro, the dike-gabbro transition zone at Site 1256 is over 170 m thick, of which more than 100 m are recrystallized granoblastic basalts. This zone records a dynamically evolving thermal boundary layer between the principally hydrothermal domain of the upper crust and a deeper zone of intrusive magmatism. The recovered samples document a sequence of evolving geological conditions and the intimate coupling between temporally and spatially intercalated intrusive, hydrothermal, contact-metamorphic, partial melting and retrogressive processes. Despite the operational challenges, we achieved a minor depth advance to 1522 m, but this was insufficient penetration to complete any of the primary objectives. However, Hole 1256D has been thoroughly cleared of junk and drill cuttings that have hampered operations during this and previous Expeditions. At the end of Expedition 335, we briefly resumed coring and stabilized problematic intervals with cement. Hole 1256D is open to its full depth and ready for further deepening in the near future.

  4. Physical properties and seismic structure of Izu-Bonin-Mariana fore-arc crust: Results from IODP Expedition 352 and comparison with oceanic crust

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Christeson, G. L.; Morgan, S.; Kodaira, S.; Yamashita, M.; Almeev, R. R.; Michibayashi, K.; Sakuyama, T.; Ferré, E. C.; Kurz, W.

    2016-12-01

    Most of the well-preserved ophiolite complexes are believed to form in suprasubduction zone (SSZ) settings. We compare physical properties and seismic structure of SSZ crust at the Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) fore arc with oceanic crust drilled at Holes 504B and 1256D to evaluate the similarities of SSZ and oceanic crust. Expedition 352 basement consists of fore-arc basalt (FAB) and boninite lavas and dikes. P-wave sonic log velocities are substantially lower for the IBM fore arc (mean values 3.1-3.4 km/s) compared to Holes 504B and 1256D (mean values 5.0-5.2 km/s) at depths of 0-300 m below the sediment-basement interface. For similar porosities, lower P-wave sonic log velocities are observed at the IBM fore arc than at Holes 504B and 1256D. We use a theoretical asperity compression model to calculate the fractional area of asperity contact Af across cracks. Af values are 0.021-0.025 at the IBM fore arc and 0.074-0.080 at Holes 504B and 1256D for similar depth intervals (0-300 m within basement). The Af values indicate more open (but not necessarily wider) cracks in the IBM fore arc than for the oceanic crust at Holes 504B and 1256D, which is consistent with observations of fracturing and alteration at the Expedition 352 sites. Seismic refraction data constrain a crustal thickness of 10-15 km along the IBM fore arc. Implications and inferences are that crust-composing ophiolites formed at SSZ settings could be thick and modified after accretion, and these processes should be considered when using ophiolites as an analog for oceanic crust.

  5. Sulphide mineral evolution and metal mobility during alteration of the oceanic crust: Insights from ODP Hole 1256D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Patten, C. G. C.; Pitcairn, I. K.; Teagle, D. A. H.; Harris, M.

    2016-11-01

    Fluxes of metals during the hydrothermal alteration of the oceanic crust have far reaching effects including buffering of the compositions of the ocean and lithosphere, supporting microbial life and the formation of sulphide ore deposits. The mechanisms responsible for metal mobilisation during the evolution of the oceanic crust are complex and are neither fully constrained nor quantified. Investigations into the mineral reactions that release metals, such as sulphide leaching, would generate better understanding of the controls on metal mobility in the oceanic crust. We investigate the sulphide and oxide mineral paragenesis and the extent to which these minerals control the metal budget in samples from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 1256D. The ODP Hole 1256D drill core provides a unique sample suite representative of a complete section of a fast-spreading oceanic crust from the volcanic section down to the plutonic complex. The sulphide population at Hole 1256D is divided into five groups based on mineralogical assemblage, lithological location and texture: the magmatic, metasomatised, high temperature hydrothermal, low temperature and patchy sulphides. The initiation of hydrothermal alteration by downward flow of moderate temperature (250-350 °C) hydrothermal fluids under oxidising conditions leads to metasomatism of the magmatic sulphides in the sheeted dyke and plutonic complexes. Subsequent increase in the degree of hydrothermal alteration at temperatures >350 °C under reducing conditions then leads to the leaching of the metasomatised sulphides by rising hydrothermal fluids. Mass balance calculations show that the mobility of Cu, Se and Au occurs through sulphide leaching during high temperature hydrothermal alteration and that the mobility of Zn, As, Sb and Pb is controlled by silicate rather than sulphide alteration. Sulphide leaching is not complete at Hole 1256D and more advanced alteration would mobilise greater masses of metals. Alteration of oxide minerals does not release significant quantities of metal into the hydrothermal fluid at Hole 1256D. Mixing of rising high temperature fluids with low temperature fluids, either in the upper sheeted dyke section or in the transitional zone, triggers local high temperature hydrothermal sulphide precipitation and trapping of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Ag, Sb, Se, Te, Au, Hg and Pb. In the volcanic section, low temperature fluid circulation (<150 °C) leads to low temperature sulphide precipitation in the form of pyrite fronts that have high As concentrations due to uptake from the circulating fluids. Deep late low temperature circulation in the sheeted dyke and the plutonic complexes results in local precipitation of patchy sulphides and local metal remobilisation. Control of sulphides over Au, Se and Cu throughout fast-spreading mid-oceanic crust history implies that the generation of hydrothermal fluids enriched in these metals, which can eventually form VMS deposits, is strongly controlled by sulphide leaching.

  6. Oceanic crustal velocities from laboratory and logging measurements of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Hole 1256D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gilbert, Lisa A.; Salisbury, Matthew H.

    2011-09-01

    Drilling and logging of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Hole 1256D have provided a unique opportunity for systematically studying a fundamental problem in marine geophysics: What influences the seismic structure of oceanic crust, porosity or composition? Compressional wave velocities (Vp) logged in open hole or from regional refraction measurements integrate both the host rock and cracks in the crust. To determine the influence of cracks on Vp at several scales, we first need an accurate ground truth in the form of laboratory Vp on crack-free, or nearly crack-free samples. We measured Vp on 46 water-saturated samples at in situ pressures to determine the baseline velocities of the host rock. These new results match or exceed Vp logs throughout most of the hole, especially in the lower dikes and gabbros, where porosities are low. In contrast, samples measured at sea under ambient laboratory conditions, had consistently lower Vp than the Vp logs, even after correction to in situ pressures. Crack-free Vp calculated from simple models of logging and laboratory porosity data for different lithologies and facies suggest that crustal velocities in the lavas and upper dikes are controlled by porosity. In particular, the models demonstrate significant large-scale porosity in the lavas, especially in the sections identified as fractured flows and breccias. However, crustal velocities in the lower dikes and gabbros are increasingly controlled by petrology as the layer 2-3 boundary is approached.

  7. Constraints On Fluid Evolution During Mid-Ocean Ridge Hydrothermal Circulation From Anhydrite Sampled by ODP Hole 1256D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Smith-Duque, C.; Teagle, D. A.; Alt, J. C.; Cooper, M. J.

    2008-12-01

    Anhydrite is potentially a useful mineral for recording the evolution of seawater-derived fluids during mid- ocean ridge hydrothermal circulation because it exhibits retrograde solubility, and hence may precipitate due to the heating of seawater or the sub-surface mixing of seawater with black smoker-like fluids. Here we provide new insights into the chemical and thermal evolution of seawater during hydrothermal circulation through analyses of anhydrite recovered from ODP Hole 1256D, the first complete penetration of intact upper oceanic crust down to gabbros. Previously, crustal anhydrite has been recovered only from Hole 504B. Measurements of 87Sr/86Sr, major element ratios, Rare Earth Elements and δ18O in anhydrite constrain the changing composition of fluids as they chemically interact with basalt. Anhydrite fills veins and pore-space in the lower lava sequences from ~530 to ~1000 meters sub- basement (msb), but is concentrated in the lava-dike transition (754 to 811 msb) and uppermost sheeted dikes. Although present in greater quantities than in Hole 504B, the amount of anhydrite recovered from the Site 1256 crust is low compared to that predicted by models of hydrothermal circulation (e.g., Sleep, 1991). Two distinct populations of anhydrite are indicated by measurements of 87Sr/86Sr suggesting different fluid evolution paths within Site 1256. One group of anhydrites have 87Sr/86Sr of 0.7070 to 0.7085, close to that of 15 Ma seawater (0.70878), suggesting that some fluids penetrate through the lavas and into the sheeted dikes with only minimal Sr-exchange with the host basalts. A second group, with low 87Sr/86Sr between 0.7048 and 0.7052, indicates precipitation from a fluid that has undergone far greater interaction with basalt. This range is close to that estimated from Sr-isotopic analyses of epidote for the Hole 1256D hydrothermal fluids (87Sr/86Sr ~0.705). Sr/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr indicate a similar relationship to that seen at ODP Hole 504B suggesting that Sr/Ca ratios reduce greatly during recharge before there is significant Sr exchange with the host basalts. δ18O measurements display an irregular trend with depth from +17‰ in the lower volcanics to +10‰ in the sheeted dikes suggesting an increase in precipitation temperatures from 105 to 211°C. One sample, from a chalcopyrite mineralized dike margin has a very light δ18O of +2.2‰ suggesting a temperature of ~408°, perhaps indicating that fluid was superheated following direct contact with the hot intrusive body. This sample also records low 87Sr/86Sr and high total REE.

  8. Microbial sulfate reduction and the sulfur budget for a complete section of altered oceanic basalts, IODP Hole 1256D (eastern Pacific)

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Alt, Jeffrey C.; Shanks, Wayne C.

    2011-01-01

    Sulfide mineralogy and the contents and isotope compositions of sulfur were analyzed in a complete oceanic volcanic section from IODP Hole 1256D in the eastern Pacific, in order to investigate the role of microbes and their effect on the sulfur budget in altered upper oceanic crust. Basalts in the 800m thick volcanic section are affected by a pervasive low-temperature background alteration and have mean sulfur contents of 530ppm, reflecting loss of sulfur relative to fresh glass through degassing during eruption and alteration by seawater. Alteration halos along fractures average 155ppm sulfur and are more oxidized, have high SO4/ΣS ratios (0.43), and lost sulfur through oxidation by seawater compared to host rocks. Although sulfur was lost locally, sulfur was subsequently gained through fixation of seawater-derived sulfur in secondary pyrite and marcasite in veins and in concentrations at the boundary between alteration halos and host rocks. Negative δ34Ssulfide-S values (down to -30 °) and low temperatures of alteration (down to ~40 °C) point to microbial reduction of seawater sulfate as the process resulting in local additions of sulfide-S. Mass balance calculations indicate that 15-20% of the sulfur in the volcanic section is microbially derived, with the bulk altered volcanic section containing 940ppm S, and with δ34S shifted to -6.0‰) from the mantle value (0 ‰). The bulk volcanic section may have gained or lost sulfur overall. The annual flux of microbial sulfur into oceanic basement based on Hole 1256D is 3-4 X1010molSyr-1, within an order of magnitude of the riverine sulfate source and the sedimentary pyrite sink. Results indicate a flux of bacterially derived sulfur that is fixed in upper ocean basement of 7-8 X 10-8molcm-2yr-1 over 15m.y. This is comparable to that in open ocean sediment sites, but is one to two orders of magnitude less than for ocean margin sediments. The global annual subduction of sulfur in altered oceanic basalt lavas based on Hole 1256D is 1.5-2.0 X 1011moly-1, comparable to the subduction of sulfide in sediments, and could contribute to sediment-like sulfur isotope heterogeneities in the mantle.

  9. Rapid hydrothermal cooling above the axial melt lens at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge: Quantification through intra-plagioclase diffusion revealed by IODP Hole 1256D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, C.; Koepke, J.; Kirchner, C.; Götze, N.; Behrens, H.

    2014-12-01

    At fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges the axial melt lenses sandwiched between the lower oceanic crust and the sheeted dike sequences are assumed to be the major magma source of oceanic crust accretion. According to the widely discussed "gabbro glacier" model, the formation of the lower oceanic crust requires efficient cooling of the axial melt lens, resulting in partly crystallization and leading to crystal-melt mush which may subside down to form the lower crust. These processes are believed to be controlled dominantly by periodical magma supply and hydrothermal circulation above melt lens. Here we quantify the cooling rate above melt lens using chemical zoning of plagioclase from hornfelsic recrystallized sheeted dikes overlying the uppermost gabbros, which are part of the dike-gabbro transition zone drilled in Hole 1256D in the Eastern equatorial Pacific by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, where for the first time the dike-gabbro transition zone of an intact oceanic crust was penetrated and sampled. The measured zoning patterns are supposed to be a combined result of diffusion during both on-ridge and off-ridge cooling. We estimate the on-ridge cooling rate using a forward modelling approach based on CaAl-NaSi interdiffusion in plagioclase. The results show that the recrystallized sheeted dikes have been cooled from the peak thermal overprint at 1000-1050 °C to 600 °C within about 5-30 years as a result of hydrothermal circulation above a melt lens during a period of magma starvation, corresponding to a cooling rate of 30±15 °C/yr. Heat balance calculation also approves that in order to balance the heat output of a melt lens at a fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge similar to the case of IODP Hole 1256D, the cooling rate above the melt lens is required to be around 30 °C/yr. The estimated rapid hydrothermal cooling rate coincides with the observed annual to decal episodes of melt lens fluctuation and lava eruption, which favors the "gabbro glacier" model and explains how the effective heat extraction from melt lens is achieved at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges.

  10. Anatomy of a deep sub-surface ridge flank aquifer: The "Red Brick" Horizon in ODP Hole 1256D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Teagle, D. A.; Smith-Duque, C. E.; Harris, M.; Rutter, J.; Coggon, R. M.; Tominaga, M.; Alt, J.; Murphy, B.; Banerjee, N.

    2012-12-01

    Long-lived conductive heat flow deficits, near isothermal basement temperatures, and sedimentary pore water profiles from mid-ocean ridge flanks provide compelling arguments for the substantial lateral movement of seawater-derived fluids within the upper oceanic crust. However, there are few descriptions of zones within the oceanic basement for which there is strong evidence for sustained low temperature hydrothermal fluid flow and alteration. This paper describes a distinctive horizon of intense low temperature alteration encountered in ODP Hole 1256D. Hole 1256D, located on 15 million-year-old East Pacific Rise crust formed at a superfast spreading rate (>200 mm/yr) provides a reference section for fast spreading ocean crust and is the only well to sample a complete section of lavas, sheeted dikes, and into the upper most gabbros. The volcanic sequences at Hole 1256D are >800 m thick. The Red Brick horizon occurs at ~400 m sub-basement (msb) in massive and sheet flows that overly a ~30 m-thick zone of massive flows. These flows probably crystallized at the base of the ridge axial slope within a few 1000 meters of the ridge axis (Tominaga and Umino, 2010). The Red Brick horizon comprises a 50 cm-thick zone of massive, sparsely olivine-phyric microcrystalline basalt that is very strongly (80 to 90%) hydrothermally altered. Olivine, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase are replaced by beidellite, celadonite, K feldspar and iron oxyhydroxide, imparting blue-green and brick red colors to the rock. These secondary minerals plus quartz and carbonate also fill vugs and pore space. Compared to surrounding basalts that exhibit only background levels of low temperature alteration, the rocks of the Red Brick zone are strongly oxidized (Fe3+/FeTot >0.7), hydrated (>4 wt.%), and have highly elevated concentrations of alkali metals (K, Rb, Cs) and Mg. There are strong reductions in Si, Ca, Mn, Zn and Cu. Bulk rock oxygen isotope (δ18O ~8.5 to 9 per mil) indicate hydrothermal alteration at about 70 °C for a seawater-like fluid. 87Sr/86Sr is significantly elevated (0.7033 to 0.7045) compared to primary igneous values but still rock-dominated. The near complete mineral recrystallization should mean that Sr isotope ratios record the signature of the parent hydrothermal fluid. Intriguingly this range is much less radiogenic than our estimate for Site 1256 paleo-black smoker fluids (0.7051 to 0.7053) indicating that the altering fluids are not seawater-diluted black smoker fluids. The core pieces of the Red Brick zone can be confidently identified in the wireline geophysical measurements by integrating formation micro-scanner and gamma ray logs. The occurrence of intense alteration at the Red Brick horizon appears to result from the occurrence of an impermeable unit of massive basalt with few fractures directly below, that may have acted as a long term channel for the lateral flow of ridge flank hydrothermal fluids.

  11. Insights into magmatic processes and hydrothermal alteration of in situ superfast spreading ocean crust at ODP/IODP site 1256 from a cluster analysis of rock magnetic properties

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dekkers, Mark J.; Heslop, David; Herrero-Bervera, Emilio; Acton, Gary; Krasa, David

    2014-08-01

    We analyze magnetic properties from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)/Integrated ODP (IODP) Hole 1256D (6°44.1' N, 91°56.1' W) on the Cocos Plate in ˜15.2 Ma oceanic crust generated by superfast seafloor spreading, the only drill hole that has sampled all three oceanic crust layers in a tectonically undisturbed setting. Fuzzy c-means cluster analysis and nonlinear mapping are utilized to study down-hole trends in the ratio of the saturation remanent magnetization and the saturation magnetization, the coercive force, the ratio of the remanent coercive force and coercive force, the low-field magnetic susceptibility, and the Curie temperature, to evaluate the effects of magmatic and hydrothermal processes on magnetic properties. A statistically robust five cluster solution separates the data predominantly into three clusters that express increasing hydrothermal alteration of the lavas, which differ from two distinct clusters mainly representing the dikes and gabbros. Extensive alteration can obliterate magnetic property differences between lavas, dikes, and gabbros. The imprint of thermochemical alteration on the iron-titanium oxides is only partially related to the porosity of the rocks. Thus, the analysis complements interpretation based on electrofacies analysis. All clusters display rock magnetic characteristics compatible with an ability to retain a stable natural remanent magnetization suggesting that the entire sampled sequence of ocean crust can contribute to marine magnetic anomalies. Paleointensity determination is difficult because of the propensity of oxyexsolution during laboratory heating and/or the presence of intergrowths. The upper part of the extrusive sequence, the granoblastic dikes, and moderately altered gabbros may contain a comparatively uncontaminated thermoremanent magnetization.

  12. Untangling Magmatic Processes and Hydrothermal Alteration of in situ Superfast Spreading Ocean Crust at ODP/IODP Site 1256 with Fuzzy c-means Cluster Analysis of Rock Magnetic Properties

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dekkers, M. J.; Heslop, D.; Herrero-Bervera, E.; Acton, G.; Krasa, D.

    2014-12-01

    Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)/Integrated ODP (IODP) Hole 1256D (6.44.1' N, 91.56.1' W) on the Cocos Plate occurs in 15.2 Ma oceanic crust generated by superfast seafloor spreading. Presently, it is the only drill hole that has sampled all three oceanic crust layers in a tectonically undisturbed setting. Here we interpret down-hole trends in several rock-magnetic parameters with fuzzy c-means cluster analysis, a multivariate statistical technique. The parameters include the magnetization ratio, the coercivity ratio, the coercive force, the low-field susceptibility, and the Curie temperature. By their combined, multivariate, analysis the effects of magmatic and hydrothermal processes can be evaluated. The optimal number of clusters - a key point in the analysis because there is no a priori information on this - was determined through a combination of approaches: by calculation of several cluster validity indices, by testing for coherent cluster distributions on non-linear-map plots, and importantly by testing for stability of the cluster solution from all possible starting points. Here, we consider a solution robust if the cluster allocation is independent of the starting configuration. The five-cluster solution appeared to be robust. Three clusters are distinguished in the extrusive segment of the Hole that express increasing hydrothermal alteration of the lavas. The sheeted dike and gabbro portions are characterized by two clusters, both with higher coercivities than in lava samples. Extensive alteration, however, can obliterate magnetic property differences between lavas, dikes, and gabbros. The imprint of thermochemical alteration on the iron-titanium oxides is only partially related to the porosity of the rocks. All clusters display rock magnetic characteristics in line with a stable NRM. This implies that the entire sampled sequence of ocean crust can contribute to marine magnetic anomalies. Determination of the absolute paleointensity with thermal techniques is not straightforward because of the propensity of oxyexsolution during laboratory heating and/or the presence of intergrowths. The upper part of the extrusive sequence, the granoblastic portion of the dikes, and moderately altered gabbros may contain a comparatively uncontaminated thermoremanent magnetization.

  13. 40 CFR Table 7 to Subpart Ggg of... - Wastewater-Inspection and Monitoring Requirements for Waste Management Units

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... or monitoring Method TANKS: 63.1256(b)(3)(i) Inspect fixed roof and all openings for leaks Initially... openings for leaks Initially Semiannually Visual. 63.1256(c)(2) Inspect surface impoundment for control....1256(d)(1)(ii) Inspect cover and all openings for leaks Initially Semiannually Visual. 63.1256(d)(3)(i...

  14. Shape-preferred orientation (SPO) of oceanic gabbros at IODP Hole 1256D: Implications for magmatic processes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Trela, J.; Ferré, E. C.; Deans, J.; Anma, R.; Morris, A.; Expedition 335 Scientific Party

    2012-04-01

    Magmatic fabrics in oceanic gabbros close to the sheeted dike-gabbro transition at superfast spreading centers (>200 mm/y) remain poorly investigated. At ~1407 mbsf at IODP Hole 1256D, Expedition 312 recovered non-azimuthally oriented core samples from two gabbro bodies of undetermined shapes: Gabbro 1; 52 m-thick and Gabbro 2; 24 m-thick. Oceanic gabbros in the upper part of the plutonic complex are expected to be macroscopically isotropic, therefore investigating the existence and strength of a fabric requires a highly sensitive method. The Intercept method (Launeau and Robin, 1996), based on quantification of shape-preferred orientation (SPO) in 3-D, has a remarkably high sensitivity for shape anisotropy (0.3%). This method has been used on 33 oceanic gabbro samples from Hole 1256D as a function of depth for each mineral phase. Image analysis using the Intercept method on gabbroic fabrics provides new constraints on crustal accretion mechanisms, the timing of deformation relative to crystallization, i.e., pre-full crystallization fabric vs crystal plastic strain fabric. Observed fabrics provide constrains to test the two-end member ocean accretion models: (A) the "Gabbro Glacier" model; (B) the "Sheeted Sills" model or a hybrid model between (A) and (B). The following lines of evidence are distinct and allow testing of the two models respectively: Model A- The "Gabbro Glacier" model - Microstructures including fractured grains and mechanical twins in plagioclase grains should indicate increasing amounts of strain. SPO is expected to increase as a function of depth. A transitional zone from steeply foliated cumulate gabbros to horizontally layered gabbros is anticipated to occur below the sheeted dike complex. Model B- The "Sheeted Sills" model - No specific correlation between SPO and depth is expected unless geochemical investigations indicate Gabbros 1 and 2 were convecting. Fine-grained margins are expected to occur along the tops and bottoms of the sills. Microstructures should be equilibrated with high angle grain boundaries and should lack syn-magmatic/high-temperature plastic deformation fabrics. If sills are convection-driven then the magmatic foliation may be oblique to compositional layering. SPO image analysis has been performed for major primary silicate phases (plagioclase, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and olivine) and oxides. The Intercept and Ellipsoid softwares have been used to calculate SPO tensors and errors. The results of this research will prove either the "Gabbro Glacier" model or the "Sheeted Sills" model and will provide new quantitative structural data on the mechanisms controlling magmatic accretion at the sheeted dike-plutonic transition zone.

  15. The effects of alteration and porosity on seismic velocities in oceanic basalts and diabases

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Carlson, R. L.

    2014-12-01

    velocities in the lavas that cap normal oceanic crust are affected by both crack porosity and alteration of the primary mineral phases, chiefly to clays. Porosity accounts for 75-80% of the velocity variation in sonic log velocities in the lava sections of Holes 504B and 1256D, but the effect of alteration on the properties of the basalts has not been assessed. In this analysis, the grain velocities in basalt and diabase samples are estimated from an empirical linear relationship between grain density and the P wave modulus. The theoretical velocity in fresh, zero-porosity basalt, or diabase is 6.96 ± 0.07 km/s. Grain velocities in the diabase samples are statistically indistinguishable from the theoretical velocity, and show no variation with depth; alteration does not significantly affect the velocities in the diabase samples from Hole 504B. This result is consistent with previous analyses, which demonstrated that velocities in the dikes are controlled by crack porosity. In basalt lab samples, alteration reduces the average sample grain velocity to 6.74 ± 0.02 km/s; cracks at the sample scale further reduce the velocity to 5.86 ± 0.03 km/s, and large-scale cracks in the lavas reduce the average in situ velocity to 5.2 ± 0.3 km/s. Cracks account for nearly 90% of the difference between seismic (in situ) velocities and the theoretical velocity in the unaltered solid material. Basalt grain velocities show a small, but significant systematic increase with depth; the influence of alteration decreases with depth in the lavas, reaching near zero at the base of the lavas in Holes 504B and 1256D. This article was corrected on 16 JAN 2015. See the end of the full text for details.

  16. Magnetic Properties and Absolute Paleointensity of Upper Oceanic Crust Generated by Superfast Seafloor Spreading, ODP Leg 209.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Herrero-Bervera, E.; Acton, G.

    2005-12-01

    We investigate the magnetic mineralogy and absolute paleointensity of oceanic basalt samples from Hole 1256D, cored during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 206. Hole 1256D is located on the Cocos Plate about 5 km east of the transition zone between marine magnetic anomalies 5Bn.2n and 5Br (~15 Ma). During Leg 206, the hole penetrated 502 m into basalts of the upper oceanic crust that was generated by superfast seafloor spreading (>200 mm/yr) along the East Pacific Rise. Rock magnetic investigations included continuous low field (k-T) thermomagnetic analyses, alternating field (AF) and thermal demagnetization, optical microscopy, saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), and magnetic grain size analyses. Following the removal of a drilling overprint, AF and thermal demagnetization paths for most samples decay linearly to the origin on orthogonal vector end point diagrams, suggesting that a stable characteristic remanent magnetization component can be resolved. Optical microscopy and k-T (Curie points) identified titanomagnetites and titanomaghemites as the main magnetic carriers and grain size studies indicate that the carriers are either single domain (SD) and/or pseudosingle domain (PSD) in nature. Using the modified Thellier-Coe double heating method, we determined absolute paleointensity determinations for 51 specimens sampled from different ``stratigraphic'' levels of the core. pTRM checks were performed systematically one temperature step down the last pTRM acquisition in order to document magnetomineralogical changes during heating. The temperature was incremented by steps of 50°C between room temperature and 500°C and every 25-30°C for higher temperatures. The paleointensity determinations were obtained from the slope of the Arai diagrams. Special care was taken to interpret the Arai diagrams within the same range of temperatures lower than 300°C unless a clear and unique slope was present over a higher range of temperatures. Only about 10 percent of the samples yielded acceptable results. The paleofield estimated from these samples ranges between 28 to 16 micro Teslas (i.e., VADM of 6 to 4 x 1022 A/m2), which is concordant with the average paleofield intensity for the period between 0-160 Myr (4 ± 2 x1022 A/m2) and half of the strength of the present field (~8x1022 A/m2).

  17. Structure of Hole 1256D: The role of mechanical deformation in superfast-spread crust

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tartarotti, P.; Hayman, N. W.; Anma, R.; Crispini, L.; Veloso Espinosa, E. A.; Galli, L.

    2006-12-01

    One view of seafloor spreading is that mechanical deformation is not significant at high spreading rates. With recovery of up to 37%, and the vertical axis known for many pieces, shipboard visual core descriptions from Hole 1256D provide an opportunity to evaluate the significance of deformational structures in EPR-, superfast- (~220 mm-yr) spread crust. From top to bottom, the structural characteristics of crustal units are: (1) A relatively flat-lying, ~100-m thick "lava pond" that is largely free of deformational structures; (2) ~184 m of shallowly dipping lava flows remarkable for hyaloclastites and a cooling-related fracture system; (3) ~466 m of massive and sheet flows with flow-related fractures, hydrothermal veins, and (fault-related) cataclastic domains; (3) A ~61 m thick transition zone that contains a well-developed (fault-related) cataclastic domain; (4) A ~346 m thick sheeted dike complex, with abundant hydrothermal veins, local breccias, and magmatic flow features. Recovered chilled dike margins have a mean dip of 70° and range from 41-88°; (5) A ~100 m thick plutonic suite contains gabbroic rocks that intrude the sheeted dikes. Gabbros contain some local brittle structures and minor (largely static) recrystallized domains, but are more noteworthy for their magmatic features: dike/gabbro contacts and flow foliations are modestly dipping (e.g., ~45°) with leucocratic melt patches concentrated toward the top of the section. Brittle structures were subordinate to magmatic processes in accommodating large extensional strain. Brittle deformation was important, however, in accommodating magmatism and hydrothermal fluid flow, thereby affecting the variation of crustal physical properties and the distribution of oceanic alteration.

  18. Rapid hydrothermal cooling above the axial melt lens at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridge

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Chao; Koepke, Juergen; Kirchner, Clemens; Götze, Niko; Behrens, Harald

    2014-09-01

    Axial melt lenses sandwiched between the lower oceanic crust and the sheeted dike sequences at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges are assumed to be the major magma source of oceanic crust accretion. According to the widely discussed ``gabbro glacier'' model, the formation of the lower oceanic crust requires efficient cooling of the axial melt lens, leading to partial crystallization and crystal-melt mush subsiding down to lower crust. These processes are believed to be controlled by periodical magma replenishment and hydrothermal circulation above the melt lens. Here we quantify the cooling rate above melt lens using chemical zoning of plagioclase from hornfelsic recrystallized sheeted dikes drilled from the East Pacific at the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Hole 1256D. We estimate the cooling rate using a forward modelling approach based on CaAl-NaSi interdiffusion in plagioclase. The results show that cooling from the peak thermal overprint at 1000-1050°C to 600°C are yielded within about 10-30 years as a result of hydrothermal circulation above melt lens during magma starvation. The estimated rapid hydrothermal cooling explains how the effective heat extraction from melt lens is achieved at fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges.

  19. 26 CFR 1.1092(b)-5T - Definitions (temporary).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... defined in sections 1092(d)(4) (B) and (C) respectively. (k) Section 1256 contract. The term section 1256... referred to in paragraph (n)(1) of this section. (o) Unrecognized gain. The term unrecognized gain means unrecognized gain as defined in section 1092(a)(3)(A). (p) Substantially identical. The term substantially...

  20. 26 CFR 1.1092(b)-5T - Definitions (temporary).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... defined in sections 1092(d)(4) (B) and (C) respectively. (k) Section 1256 contract. The term section 1256... referred to in paragraph (n)(1) of this section. (o) Unrecognized gain. The term unrecognized gain means unrecognized gain as defined in section 1092(a)(3)(A). (p) Substantially identical. The term substantially...

  1. 26 CFR 1.1092(b)-5T - Definitions (temporary).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... defined in sections 1092(d)(4) (B) and (C) respectively. (k) Section 1256 contract. The term section 1256... referred to in paragraph (n)(1) of this section. (o) Unrecognized gain. The term unrecognized gain means unrecognized gain as defined in section 1092(a)(3)(A). (p) Substantially identical. The term substantially...

  2. 26 CFR 1.1092(b)-5T - Definitions (temporary).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... defined in sections 1092(d)(4) (B) and (C) respectively. (k) Section 1256 contract. The term section 1256... referred to in paragraph (n)(1) of this section. (o) Unrecognized gain. The term unrecognized gain means unrecognized gain as defined in section 1092(a)(3)(A). (p) Substantially identical. The term substantially...

  3. 26 CFR 1.1092(b)-5T - Definitions (temporary).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... defined in sections 1092(d)(4) (B) and (C) respectively. (k) Section 1256 contract. The term section 1256... referred to in paragraph (n)(1) of this section. (o) Unrecognized gain. The term unrecognized gain means unrecognized gain as defined in section 1092(a)(3)(A). (p) Substantially identical. The term substantially...

  4. Structure-based design of benzimidazole sugar conjugates: synthesis, SAR and in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

    PubMed

    El-Nezhawy, Ahmed O H; Gaballah, Samir T; Radwan, Mohamed A A; Baiuomy, Ayman R; Abdel-Salam, Omar M E

    2009-11-01

    A series of 2-methyl-N-substituted-benzimidazoles, bearing hydroxypyrrolidinon-5-yl or hydroxypyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-mannofuranoside, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-alpha-D-mannofuranoside, 1:2,5:6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-gluco-furanose,3-O-benzyl-6,7-dideoxy-1:2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-xylo-heptofuranos-5-ulose, 3-O-benzyl-6,7-dideoxy-1,2-dihydroxy-alpha-D-xylo-heptofuranos-5-ulose, 1,2,5,6-tetrahydroxy-alpha-D-glucofuranose sugar moieties, were obtained in good yields from 2-methyl N-(trichloroacetamidomethyl)benzimidazole as a donor and carbohydrate residues as acceptor precursors in the presence of catalytic amount of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) as Lewis acid. Compounds 6, 7, 10, 13, 15, and 16 showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

  5. Van Hove singularities and excitonic effects in the optical conductivity of twisted bilayer graphene.

    PubMed

    Havener, Robin W; Liang, Yufeng; Brown, Lola; Yang, Li; Park, Jiwoong

    2014-06-11

    We report a systematic study of the optical conductivity of twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) across a large energy range (1.2-5.6 eV) for various twist angles, combined with first-principles calculations. At previously unexplored high energies, our data show signatures of multiple van Hove singularities (vHSs) in the tBLG bands as well as the nonlinearity of the single layer graphene bands and their electron-hole asymmetry. Our data also suggest that excitonic effects play a vital role in the optical spectra of tBLG. Including electron-hole interactions in first-principles calculations is essential to reproduce the shape of the conductivity spectra, and we find evidence of coherent interactions between the states associated with the multiple vHSs in tBLG.

  6. 77 FR 67673 - Fernando Valle, M.D.; Decision and Order

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-13

    ... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Drug Enforcement Administration [Docket No. 12-56] Fernando Valle, M.D... Certificate of Registration Numbers FV1935595, FV2000711, and FV2000735, issued to Fernando Valle, M.D., be, and they hereby are, revoked. I further order that any pending applications of Fernando Valle, M.D...

  7. New mesostructured organosilica with chiral sugar derived structures: nice host for gold nanoparticles stabilisation.

    PubMed

    Hérault, Damien; Cerveau, Geneviève; Corriu, Robert J P; Mehdi, Ahmad

    2011-01-14

    In this paper we describe the synthesis of functionalised mesoporous organosilicas containing a mannitol derivative in the framework. For this purpose, a bis-silylated precursor 3,4-Di-O-[3-(triethoxysilylpropyl)carbamate]-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannitol was prepared by coupling of 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannitol with 3-(triethoxysilylpropyl)isocyanate. The framework-functionalised materials were obtained in one step by the "direct synthesis" method which consists of a co-hydrolysis and polycondensation of a bis-silylated mannitol precursor with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of a non-ionic triblock co-polymer (P123) as structure-directing agent. Interestingly, deprotection of the 1,2,5,6 OH functional groups occurred during the material synthesis. The obtained solids were characterized by (13)C and (29)Si CP-MAS NMR, N(2) adsorption-desorption, powder X-ray diffraction, TEM and elemental analysis. We have shown that, the OH functional groups, which are released during the synthesis of the mesoporous silica, can be used for chelation of ions and stabilisation of nanoparticles. The subsequent growth of gold (0) nanoparticles in the wall has been investigated and evidenced.

  8. 36 CFR 1256.60 - Information relating to financial institutions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... financial institutions. 1256.60 Section 1256.60 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND... General Restrictions § 1256.60 Information relating to financial institutions. (a) In accordance with 5 U... regulation or supervision of financial institutions. (b) The Archivist of the United States may determine...

  9. 36 CFR 1256.70 - What controls access to national security-classified information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... national security-classified information? 1256.70 Section 1256.70 Parks, Forests, and Public Property... HISTORICAL MATERIALS Access to Materials Containing National Security-Classified Information § 1256.70 What controls access to national security-classified information? (a) The declassification of and public access...

  10. 36 CFR 1256.40 - What are general restrictions?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What are general restrictions? 1256.40 Section 1256.40 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS... Restrictions § 1256.40 What are general restrictions? General restrictions apply to certain kinds of...

  11. 36 CFR 1256.40 - What are general restrictions?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are general restrictions? 1256.40 Section 1256.40 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS... Restrictions § 1256.40 What are general restrictions? General restrictions apply to certain kinds of...

  12. 36 CFR 1256.40 - What are general restrictions?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false What are general restrictions? 1256.40 Section 1256.40 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS... Restrictions § 1256.40 What are general restrictions? General restrictions apply to certain kinds of...

  13. 36 CFR 1256.58 - Information related to law enforcement investigations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Information related to law enforcement investigations. 1256.58 Section 1256.58 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED HISTORICAL MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.58...

  14. Large paleoearthquake timing and displacement near Damak in eastern Nepal on the Himalayan Frontal Thrust

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wesnousky, Steven G.; Kumahara, Yasuhiro; Chamlagain, Deepak; Pierce, Ian K.; Reedy, Tabor; Angster, Stephen J.; Giri, Bibek

    2017-08-01

    An excavation across the Himalayan Frontal Thrust near Damak in eastern Nepal shows displacement on a fault plane dipping 22° has produced vertical separation across a scarp equal to 5.5 m. Stratigraphic, structural, geometrical, and radiocarbon observations are interpreted to indicate that the displacement is the result of a single earthquake of 11.3 ± 3.5 m of dip-slip displacement that occurred 1146-1256 A.D. Empirical scaling laws indicate that thrust earthquakes characterized by average displacements of this size may produce rupture lengths of 450 to >800 km and moment magnitudes Mw of 8.6 to >9. Sufficient strain has accumulated along this portion of the Himalayan arc during the roughly 800 years since the 1146-1256 A.D. earthquake to produce another earthquake displacement of similar size.

  15. 36 CFR 1256.96 - What provisions apply to the transfer of USIA audiovisual records to the National Archives of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... transfer of USIA audiovisual records to the National Archives of the United States? 1256.96 Section 1256.96... Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United States § 1256.96 What provisions apply to the transfer of USIA audiovisual records to the National Archives of the United States...

  16. 13 CFR 125.6 - Prime contractor performance requirements (limitations on subcontracting).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... a concern has claimed a 10 percent small disadvantaged business (SDB) price evaluation preference, a... would promote the purposes of the small business, 8(a), SDB, woman-owned business, or HUBZone programs...

  17. 13 CFR 125.6 - Prime contractor performance requirements (limitations on subcontracting).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... a concern has claimed a 10 percent small disadvantaged business (SDB) price evaluation preference, a... would promote the purposes of the small business, 8(a), SDB, woman-owned business, or HUBZone programs...

  18. Two-dimensional computer simulation of EMVJ and grating solar cells under AMO illumination

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gray, J. L.; Schwartz, R. J.

    1984-01-01

    A computer program, SCAP2D (Solar Cell Analysis Program in 2-Dimensions), is used to evaluate the Etched Multiple Vertical Junction (EMVJ) and grating solar cells. The aim is to demonstrate how SCAP2D can be used to evaluate cell designs. The cell designs studied are by no means optimal designs. The SCAP2D program solves the three coupled, nonlinear partial differential equations, Poisson's Equation and the hole and electron continuity equations, simultaneously in two-dimensions using finite differences to discretize the equations and Newton's Method to linearize them. The variables solved for are the electrostatic potential and the hole and electron concentrations. Each linear system of equations is solved directly by Gaussian Elimination. Convergence of the Newton Iteration is assumed when the largest correction to the electrostatic potential or hole or electron quasi-potential is less than some predetermined error. A typical problem involves 2000 nodes with a Jacobi matrix of order 6000 and a bandwidth of 243.

  19. Tethyan Anhydrite Preserved in the Lower Ocean Crust of the Samail Ophiolite? Evidence from Oman Drilling Project Holes GT1A and 2A

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Teagle, D. A. H.; Harris, M.; Crispini, L.; Deans, J. R.; Cooper, M. J.; Kelemen, P. B.; Alt, J.; Banerjee, N.; Shanks, W. C., III

    2017-12-01

    Anhydrite is important in mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems because of the high concentrations of calcium and sulfate in modern seawater and anhydrite's retrograde solubility. Because anhydrite hosts many powerful tracers of fluid-rock interactions (87Sr/86Sr, δ18O, δ34S, trace elements, fluid inclusions) it is useful for tracing the chemical evolution of hydrothermal recharge fluids and estimating time-integrated fluid fluxes. Anhydrite can form from heated seawater (>100°C), through water-rock reaction, or by mixing of seawater and hydrothermal fluids. Although abundant in active hydrothermal mounds, and predicted to form from downwelling, warming fluids during convection, anhydrite is rare in drill core from seafloor lavas, sheeted dikes and upper gabbros, with only minor amounts in ODP Holes 504B and 1256D. Because anhydrite can dissolve during weathering, its occurrence in ophiolites is unexpected. Instead, gypsum is present in Macquarie Island lavas and Miocene gypsum fills cavities within the Cretaceous Troodos ore deposits. Thus, the occurrence of numerous anhydrite veins in cores from the gabbroic lower crust of the Samail ophiolite in Oman was unanticipated. To our knowledge, anhydrite in Oman gabbros has not been previously reported. Oman Drilling Project Holes GT1A and GT2A were drilled into the Wadi Gideah section of the Wadi Tayin massif. Both recovered 400 m of continuous core from sections of layered gabbros (GT1) and the foliated-layered gabbro transition (GT2). Anhydrite is present throughout both holes, some in vein networks but more commonly as isolated 1-110 mm veins (>60 mm ave). Anhydrite is mostly the sole vein filling but can occur with greenschist minerals such as epidote, quartz, chlorite and prehnite. Anhydrite commonly exhibits prismatic and bladed textures but can also be capriciously microcrystalline. Though definitive cross cutting relationships are elusive, anhydrite veins cut across some greenschist veins. Anhydrite is deformed in faults with asymmetries consistent with normal senses of shear, suggestive of formation near the ridge, or at least before obduction. Gypsum is also present in both holes, but is clearly late stage and cuts across all earlier vein sets and deformation features. Notably, anhydrite was not observed in core from Hole GT3, in the dike-gabbro transition.

  20. 21 CFR 186.1256 - Clay (kaolin).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Clay (kaolin). 186.1256 Section 186.1256 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) INDIRECT FOOD...)(1), the ingredient is used as an indirect human food ingredient with no limitation other than...

  1. 13 CFR 127.504 - What additional requirements must a concern satisfy to submit an offer on an EDWOSB or WOSB...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS FEDERAL CONTRACT... eligibility; and (d) It will meet the applicable percentages of work requirement as set forth in § 125.6 of...

  2. 13 CFR 127.504 - What additional requirements must a concern satisfy to submit an offer on an EDWOSB or WOSB...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS FEDERAL CONTRACT... eligibility; and (d) It will meet the applicable percentages of work requirement as set forth in § 125.6 of...

  3. 36 CFR 1256.30 - How do I obtain access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials? 1256.30 Section 1256.30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... donor's deed of gift. NARA staff can assist you with questions about restrictions or copyright...

  4. 36 CFR 1256.30 - How do I obtain access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials? 1256.30 Section 1256.30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... donor's deed of gift. NARA staff can assist you with questions about restrictions or copyright...

  5. 36 CFR 1256.30 - How do I obtain access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials? 1256.30 Section 1256.30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... donor's deed of gift. NARA staff can assist you with questions about restrictions or copyright...

  6. 36 CFR 1256.30 - How do I obtain access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How do I obtain access to donated historical materials? 1256.30 Section 1256.30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... donor's deed of gift. NARA staff can assist you with questions about restrictions or copyright...

  7. 13 CFR 125.6 - Prime contractor performance requirements (limitations on subcontracting).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Prime contractor performance requirements (limitations on subcontracting). 125.6 Section 125.6 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS... subcontracting). (a) In order to be awarded a full or partial small business set-aside contract, an 8(a) contract...

  8. 36 CFR § 1256.30 - How do I obtain access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true How do I obtain access to donated historical materials? § 1256.30 Section § 1256.30 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL... donor's deed of gift. NARA staff can assist you with questions about restrictions or copyright...

  9. 40 CFR Appendix - Tables to Part 132

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... ether Butyl benzyl phthalate Cadmium Carbon tetrachloride; tetrachloromethane Chlorobenzene p-Chloro-m... Copper Cyanide 2,4-D; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid DEHP; di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Diazinon 1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene; dibenz[a,h]anthracene Dibutyl phthalate; di-n-butyl phthalate 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1,3...

  10. 36 CFR 1256.98 - Can I get access to and obtain copies of USIA audiovisual records transferred to the National...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... obtain copies of USIA audiovisual records transferred to the National Archives of the United States? 1256... United States Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United States § 1256.98 Can I get access to and obtain copies of USIA audiovisual records transferred to the National...

  11. 36 CFR 1256.74 - How does NARA process Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests for classified information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How does NARA process Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests for classified information? 1256.74 Section 1256.74 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED HISTORICAL MATERIALS...

  12. 36 CFR 1256.96 - What provisions apply to the transfer of USIA audiovisual records to the National Archives of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... transfer of USIA audiovisual records to the National Archives of the United States? 1256.96 Section 1256.96... provisions apply to the transfer of USIA audiovisual records to the National Archives of the United States? The provisions of 44 U.S.C. 2107 and 36 CFR part 1228 apply to the transfer of USIA audiovisual...

  13. 40 CFR 63.1256 - Standards: Wastewater.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Mg/yr. (B) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble and/or soluble HAP compounds at an annual... wastewater from the PMPU exceeds 0.25 Mg/yr. (C) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble and/or... soluble and/or soluble HAP load in all wastewater from the affected source is greater than 1 Mg/yr. (D...

  14. 40 CFR 63.1256 - Standards: Wastewater.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Mg/yr. (B) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble and/or soluble HAP compounds at an annual... wastewater from the PMPU exceeds 0.25 Mg/yr. (C) The wastewater stream contains partially soluble and/or... soluble and/or soluble HAP load in all wastewater from the affected source is greater than 1 Mg/yr. (D...

  15. Thermal Infrared Imaging and Atmospheric Modeling of VHS J125601.92-125723.9 b: Evidence for Moderately Thick Clouds and Equilibrium Carbon Chemistry in a Hierarchical Triple System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rich, Evan A.; Currie, Thayne; Wisniewski, John P.; Hashimoto, Jun; Brandt, Timothy D.; Carson, Joseph C.; Kuzuhara, Masayuki; Uyama, Taichi

    2016-10-01

    We present and analyze Subaru/IRCS L‧ and M‧ images of the nearby M dwarf VHS J125601.92-125723.9 (VHS 1256), which was recently claimed to have an ˜11 M J companion (VHS 1256 b) at ˜102 au separation. Our adaptive optics images partially resolve the central star into a binary, whose components are nearly equal in brightness and separated by 0.″106 ± 0.″001. VHS 1256 b occupies nearly the same near-infrared position in the color-magnitude diagram as HR 8799 bcde and has a comparable L‧ brightness. However, it has a substantially redder H - M‧ color, implying a relatively brighter M‧ flux density than for the planets of HR 8799 and suggesting that non-equilibrium carbon chemistry may be less significant in VHS 1256 b. We successfully match the entire spectral energy distribution (optical through thermal infrared) for VHS 1256 b to atmospheric models assuming chemical equilibrium, models that failed to reproduce HR 8799 b at 5 μm. Our modeling favors slightly thick clouds in the companion's atmosphere, although perhaps not quite as thick as those favored recently for HR 8799 bcde. Combined with the non-detection of lithium in the primary, we estimate that the system is at least 200 Myr old and the masses of the stars comprising the central binary are at least 58 M J each. Moreover, we find that some of the properties of VHS 1256 are inconsistent with the recent suggestion that it is a member of the AB Dor moving group. Given the possible range in distance (12.7 pc versus 17.1 pc), the lower mass limit for VHS 1256 b ranges from 10.5 M J to 26.2 M J . Our detection limits rule out companions more massive than VHS 1256 b exterior to 6-8 au, placing significant limits on and providing some evidence against a second, more massive companion that may have scattered the wide-separation companion to its current location. VHS 1256 is most likely a very low-mass hierarchical triple system and could be the third such system in which all components reside in the mass regime of brown dwarfs.

  16. 36 CFR 1256.94 - Definition.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United States § 1256.94 Definition. For the purposes of this subpart, “Audiovisual records” mean motion picture films, videotapes, and...

  17. Early Student Support for Process Studies of Surface Freshwater Dispersal

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-24

    Hole Oceanographic Institution REPORT NUMBER Department of Physical Oceanography - MS #29 FINAL Woods Hole, MA 02543 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY...s proJect supports .e researc m p ysrcal oceanography of a Ph.D. student m the MIT/WHO! Jomt Program. The prOJect beoefited from, and... oceanography and has presented his work at meetings and conferences. He is working on manuscripts for publication and expects to complete his Ph.D. in 20 18

  18. Black Hole Event Horizons and Advection-Dominated Accretion

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McClintock, Jeffrey; Mushotzky, Richard F. (Technical Monitor)

    2002-01-01

    The work supported in part by this grant is part of a larger program on the detection of black hole event horizons, which is also partially supported by NASA grant GO0-1105A. This work has been carried out primarily in collaboration with Dr. M. Garcia and Prof. R. Narayan at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and with D. Barret and J. Hameury at Centre d'Etude Spoliate des Rayonnements, France. Our purpose is to confirm the existence of black-hole event horizons by comparing accreting black holes to secreting neutron stars in quiescent X-ray novae. Such a comparison is feasible because black holes and neutron stars are both present in similar environments in X-ray novae. Our second purpose is to assess the nature of accretion flows onto black holes at very low mass transfer rates. Observations of some XMM targets are still pending, whereas most of the Chandra observations have been completed. We anticipate further publications on this work in the future.

  19. 26 CFR 1.988-0 - Taxation of gain or loss from a section 988 transaction; Table of Contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... from section 988. (b) Spot contract. (c) Nonfunctional currency. (d) Spot rate. (1) In general. (2) Consistency required in valuing transactions subject to section 988. (3) Use of certain spot rate conventions... currency. (g) Fair market value. (h) Interaction with sections 1092 and 1256 in examples. (i) Effective...

  20. 26 CFR 1.988-0 - Taxation of gain or loss from a section 988 transaction; Table of Contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... from section 988. (b) Spot contract. (c) Nonfunctional currency. (d) Spot rate. (1) In general. (2) Consistency required in valuing transactions subject to section 988. (3) Use of certain spot rate conventions... currency. (g) Fair market value. (h) Interaction with sections 1092 and 1256 in examples. (i) Effective...

  1. 26 CFR 1.988-0 - Taxation of gain or loss from a section 988 transaction; Table of Contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... from section 988. (b) Spot contract. (c) Nonfunctional currency. (d) Spot rate. (1) In general. (2) Consistency required in valuing transactions subject to section 988. (3) Use of certain spot rate conventions... currency. (g) Fair market value. (h) Interaction with sections 1092 and 1256 in examples. (i) Effective...

  2. 26 CFR 1.988-0 - Taxation of gain or loss from a section 988 transaction; Table of Contents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... from section 988. (b) Spot contract. (c) Nonfunctional currency. (d) Spot rate. (1) In general. (2) Consistency required in valuing transactions subject to section 988. (3) Use of certain spot rate conventions... currency. (g) Fair market value. (h) Interaction with sections 1092 and 1256 in examples. (i) Effective...

  3. 36 CFR 1256.102 - What fees does NARA charge?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Distribution of United States Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United States § 1256.102 What fees does NARA charge? Copies of audiovisual records will only be provided under...

  4. Physical Properties and Seismic Structure of Izu-Bonin-Mariana Fore Arc crust: Results From IODP Expedition 352 and Comparison with Oceanic Crust

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Christeson, G. L.; Morgan, S.; Kodaira, S.; Yamashita, M.

    2015-12-01

    Most of the well-preserved ophiolite complexes are believed to form in supra-subduction zone settings. One of the goals of IODP Expedition 352 was to test the supra-subduction zone ophiolite model by drilling forearc crust at the northern Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) system. IBM forearc drilling successfully cored 1.22 km of volcanic lavas and underlying dikes at four sites. A surprising observation is that basement compressional velocities measured from downhole logging average ~3.0 km/s, compared to values of 5 km/s at similar basement depths at oceanic crust sites 504B and 1256D. Typically there is an inverse relationship in extrusive lavas between velocity and porosity, but downhole logging shows similar porosities for the IBM and oceanic crust sites, despite the large difference in measured compressional velocities. These observations can be explained by a difference in crack morphologies between IBM forearc and oceanic crust, with a smaller fractional area of asperity contact across cracks at EXP 352 sites than at sites 504B and 1256D. Seismic profiles at the IBM forearc image many faults, which may be related to the crack population.

  5. Advanced Metallic Air Vehicle Structure Program

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1974-06-01

    soapstone line around the periphery of the lower plate from XFO.00 to the outboard edge using edge of MSLO X7224175 as guide. Remove MSLO X7224175. D...hole in the lug reinforcement plates). Make soapstone line to edge of MSLO to denote periphery of cutouts. E. Relocate MSLO X7224175 on opposite end of...of plate). G. Drill .50 diameter holes (10) using the Bux- Magnetic drill unit. See MAP-I-3 for approximate locations of these start and stop holes. A 1

  6. 13 CFR 126.700 - What are the performance of work requirements for HUBZone contracts?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What are the performance of work... ADMINISTRATION HUBZONE PROGRAM Contract Performance Requirements § 126.700 What are the performance of work... meet the performance of work requirements set forth in § 125.6(c) of this chapter. (b) In addition to...

  7. 40 CFR 180.1256 - Alternaria destruens strain 059; exemption from the requirement of a tolerance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... RESIDUES IN FOOD Exemptions From Tolerances § 180.1256 Alternaria destruens strain 059; exemption from the... the microbial pesticide Alternaria destruens Strain 059 when used in or on all raw agricultural...

  8. 40 CFR 180.1256 - Alternaria destruens strain 059; exemption from the requirement of a tolerance.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... RESIDUES IN FOOD Exemptions From Tolerances § 180.1256 Alternaria destruens strain 059; exemption from the... the microbial pesticide Alternaria destruens Strain 059 when used in or on all raw agricultural...

  9. 36 CFR 1256.56 - Information that would invade the privacy of a living individual.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... HISTORICAL MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.56 Information that would invade the privacy of a living...) Researchers for the purpose of biomedical and social science research when such researchers have provided NARA...

  10. Development of a micro hole measuring system based on the capacitance principle

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chang, Ting-Yen; Liao, Yunn-Shiuan; Liu, Wei-Cheng

    2009-10-01

    A new 3D micro hole measuring system has been developed in this paper. The system is mainly composed of a probe, a rotary stage and a program which can convert data points to a 3D profile. The principle of capacitance is adopted and a device to sense the variation of capacitance when the probe touches the workpiece is designed and implemented. With the aid of rotation stage, positions around the contour are measured. The measured coordinates are calculated by an algorithm proposed in this paper. The developed system is capable of measuring the interior profile of a high aspect ratio micro hole and calculating its roundness. A grade A gauge block is used to verify the developed system. It is found that the repeatability error of the system is within ±0.78 µm. The linearity error can approach 1 µm and the maximum measuring depth is 15 mm. Finally, a micro hole of 1.0 mm in diameter and 10 mm in depth is successfully measured and the 3D profile is constructed accordingly. The roundness of each layer spacing 1 mm apart and the inclination of the axis of the micro hole are calculated as well.

  11. 42 CFR 493.1256 - Standard: Control procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Systems § 493.1256 Standard: Control procedures. (a) For each test system, the laboratory is responsible... test system failure, adverse environmental conditions, and operator performance. (2) Monitor over time the accuracy and precision of test performance that may be influenced by changes in test system...

  12. 42 CFR 493.1256 - Standard: Control procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Systems § 493.1256 Standard: Control procedures. (a) For each test system, the laboratory is responsible... test system failure, adverse environmental conditions, and operator performance. (2) Monitor over time the accuracy and precision of test performance that may be influenced by changes in test system...

  13. 42 CFR 493.1256 - Standard: Control procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Systems § 493.1256 Standard: Control procedures. (a) For each test system, the laboratory is responsible... test system failure, adverse environmental conditions, and operator performance. (2) Monitor over time the accuracy and precision of test performance that may be influenced by changes in test system...

  14. 42 CFR 493.1256 - Standard: Control procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Systems § 493.1256 Standard: Control procedures. (a) For each test system, the laboratory is responsible... test system failure, adverse environmental conditions, and operator performance. (2) Monitor over time the accuracy and precision of test performance that may be influenced by changes in test system...

  15. Supersymmetric black holes and Freudenthal duality

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marrani, Alessio; Mandal, Taniya; Tripathy, Prasanta K.

    2017-07-01

    We study the effect of Freudenthal duality on supersymmetric extremal black hole attractors in 𝒩 = 2, D = 4 ungauged supergravity. Freudenthal duality acts on the dyonic black hole charges as an anti-involution which keeps the black hole entropy and the critical points of the effective black hole potential invariant. We analyze its effect on the recently discovered distinct, mutually exclusive phases of axionic supersymmetric black holes, related to the existence of nontrivial involutory constant matrices. In particular, we consider a supersymmetric D0 - D4 - D6 black hole and we explicitly Freudenthal-map it to a supersymmetric D0 - D2 - D4 - D6 black hole. We thus show that the charge representation space of a supersymmetric D0 - D2 - D4 - D6 black hole also contains mutually exclusive domains.

  16. 36 CFR 1256.50 - Information exempted from disclosure by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Information exempted from... General Restrictions § 1256.50 Information exempted from disclosure by statute. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(3), NARA withholds records containing information that is specifically exempted from disclosure...

  17. 22 CFR 125.6 - Certification requirements for exemptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES § 125.6 Certification requirements for exemptions. (a) To claim an exemption for the export of technical data under the provisions of.... Certifications consist of clearly marking the package or letter containing the technical data “22 CFR [insert...

  18. 36 CFR 1256.46 - National security-classified information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false National security-classified... Restrictions § 1256.46 National security-classified information. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(1), NARA... properly classified under the provisions of the pertinent Executive Order on Classified National Security...

  19. 22 CFR 125.6 - Certification requirements for exemptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    .... Certifications consist of clearly marking the package or letter containing the technical data “22 CFR [insert... LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES § 125.6 Certification requirements for exemptions. (a) To claim an exemption for the export of technical data under the provisions of...

  20. 22 CFR 125.6 - Certification requirements for exemptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    .... Certifications consist of clearly marking the package or letter containing the technical data “22 CFR [insert... LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES § 125.6 Certification requirements for exemptions. (a) To claim an exemption for the export of technical data under the provisions of...

  1. 22 CFR 125.6 - Certification requirements for exemptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    .... Certifications consist of clearly marking the package or letter containing the technical data “22 CFR [insert... LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES § 125.6 Certification requirements for exemptions. (a) To claim an exemption for the export of technical data under the provisions of...

  2. 22 CFR 125.6 - Certification requirements for exemptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    .... Certifications consist of clearly marking the package or letter containing the technical data “22 CFR [insert... LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES § 125.6 Certification requirements for exemptions. (a) To claim an exemption for the export of technical data under the provisions of...

  3. 76 FR 57684 - Swap Exclusion for Section 1256 Contracts

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-16

    ... other exchange, board of trade, or other market which the Secretary determines has rules adequate to... issued determinations for six entities, all of them foreign futures exchanges. See Rev. Rul. 2010-3 (2010... whether a foreign exchange is a qualified board or exchange under section 1256(g)(7)(C), the Treasury...

  4. 36 CFR 1256.52 - Trade secrets and commercial or financial information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Trade secrets and commercial... MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.52 Trade secrets and commercial or financial information. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), NARA may withhold records that contain trade secrets and commercial or...

  5. 36 CFR 1256.52 - Trade secrets and commercial or financial information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Trade secrets and commercial... MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.52 Trade secrets and commercial or financial information. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), NARA may withhold records that contain trade secrets and commercial or...

  6. 36 CFR 1256.52 - Trade secrets and commercial or financial information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Trade secrets and commercial... MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.52 Trade secrets and commercial or financial information. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), NARA may withhold records that contain trade secrets and commercial or...

  7. 36 CFR 1256.52 - Trade secrets and commercial or financial information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Trade secrets and commercial... MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.52 Trade secrets and commercial or financial information. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), NARA may withhold records that contain trade secrets and commercial or...

  8. 36 CFR 1256.62 - Geological and geophysical information relating to wells.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Geological and geophysical... MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.62 Geological and geophysical information relating to wells. (a) In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(9), NARA may withhold information in records that relates to geological and...

  9. Heterozygous Pathogenic Variant in DACT1 Causes an Autosomal-Dominant Syndrome with Features Overlapping Townes–Brocks Syndrome

    PubMed Central

    Webb, Bryn D.; Metikala, Sanjeeva; Wheeler, Patricia G.; Sherpa, Mingma D.; Houten, Sander M.; Horb, Marko E.; Schadt, Eric E.

    2017-01-01

    A heterozygous nonsense variant was identified in dapper, antagonist of beta-catenin, 1 (DACT1) via whole-exome sequencing in family members with imperforate anus, structural renal abnormalities, genitourinary anomalies, and/or ear anomalies. The DACT1 c.1256G>A;p.Trp419* variant segregated appropriately in the family consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. DACT1 is a member of the Wnt-signaling pathway, and mice homozygous for null alleles display multiple congenital anomalies including absent anus with blind-ending colon and genitourinary malformations. To investigate the DACT1 c.1256G>A variant, HEK293 cells were transfected with mutant DACT1 cDNA plasmid, and immunoblotting revealed stability of the DACT1 p.Trp419* protein. Overexpression of DACT1 c.1256G>A mRNA in Xenopus embryos revealed a specific gastrointestinal phenotype of enlargement of the proctodeum. Together, these findings suggest that the DACT1 c.1256G>A nonsense variant is causative of a specific genetic syndrome with features overlapping Townes–Brocks syndrome. PMID:28054444

  10. Heterozygous Pathogenic Variant in DACT1 Causes an Autosomal-Dominant Syndrome with Features Overlapping Townes-Brocks Syndrome.

    PubMed

    Webb, Bryn D; Metikala, Sanjeeva; Wheeler, Patricia G; Sherpa, Mingma D; Houten, Sander M; Horb, Marko E; Schadt, Eric E

    2017-04-01

    A heterozygous nonsense variant was identified in dapper, antagonist of beta-catenin, 1 (DACT1) via whole-exome sequencing in family members with imperforate anus, structural renal abnormalities, genitourinary anomalies, and/or ear anomalies. The DACT1 c.1256G>A;p.Trp419 * variant segregated appropriately in the family consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. DACT1 is a member of the Wnt-signaling pathway, and mice homozygous for null alleles display multiple congenital anomalies including absent anus with blind-ending colon and genitourinary malformations. To investigate the DACT1 c.1256G>A variant, HEK293 cells were transfected with mutant DACT1 cDNA plasmid, and immunoblotting revealed stability of the DACT1 p.Trp419 * protein. Overexpression of DACT1 c.1256G>A mRNA in Xenopus embryos revealed a specific gastrointestinal phenotype of enlargement of the proctodeum. Together, these findings suggest that the DACT1 c.1256G>A nonsense variant is causative of a specific genetic syndrome with features overlapping Townes-Brocks syndrome. © 2017 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC.

  11. Optimal Mixing On The Sphere

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-11-10

    CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ...ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,Woods Hole,MA,02543 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING...consider an alternate means of finding the minima of 〈|θ|2〉. We perform a two-part optimization process based on Matlab’s built-in nonlinear

  12. 36 CFR 1256.28 - Does NARA make any exceptions for access to records containing privacy-restricted information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... research to qualified persons doing biomedical or social science research under the conditions outlined in... who wish to have access to records restricted by § 1256.56 to conduct biomedical or social science... even for biomedical or social science research; (ii) The methodology proposed by the requester will...

  13. 36 CFR 1256.100 - What is the copying policy for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright protection or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright protection or contain copyrighted material... Distribution of United States Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United States § 1256.100 What is the copying policy for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright...

  14. 36 CFR § 1256.52 - Trade secrets and commercial or financial information.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Trade secrets and commercial... MATERIALS General Restrictions § 1256.52 Trade secrets and commercial or financial information. In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4), NARA may withhold records that contain trade secrets and commercial or...

  15. 36 CFR 1256.28 - Does NARA make any exceptions for access to records containing privacy-restricted information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... research to qualified persons doing biomedical or social science research under the conditions outlined in... researchers in accordance with § 1256.24. (3) NARA will not grant access to restricted census and survey... research must submit a written request to the NARA FOIA/Privacy Act Officer (NGC), National Archives and...

  16. 36 CFR 1256.28 - Does NARA make any exceptions for access to records containing privacy-restricted information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... research to qualified persons doing biomedical or social science research under the conditions outlined in... researchers in accordance with § 1256.24. (3) NARA will not grant access to restricted census and survey... research must submit a written request to the NARA FOIA/Privacy Act Officer (NGC), National Archives and...

  17. 36 CFR 1256.28 - Does NARA make any exceptions for access to records containing privacy-restricted information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... research to qualified persons doing biomedical or social science research under the conditions outlined in... researchers in accordance with § 1256.24. (3) NARA will not grant access to restricted census and survey... research must submit a written request to the NARA FOIA/Privacy Act Officer (NGC), National Archives and...

  18. National Dam Safety Program. Bethany Hole Dam (NJ00798), Delaware River Basin, Tributary to Haynes Creek, Burlington County, New Jersey. Phase I Inspection Report.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-07-01

    performed on an "as needed" basis. Sediment and accumulated debris are frequently removed from the spillway since the dam is used for water supply. 4.3...Rugr Unvriy oi uvyo M.10 J n 19504. IVION OF ATE REOURESBETHANY ’d -HOLE DAM , M-23M-i Staiiddpoismsl f aieoii AR/Z Recet aluvi m V poite inporlydaie

  19. Does Family Structure Matter in the Relationships between Youth Assets and Youth Alcohol, Drug and Tobacco Use?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Oman, Roy F.; Vesely, Sara K.; Tolma, Eleni; Aspy, Cheryl B.; Rodine, Sharon; Marshall, LaDonna

    2007-01-01

    This study investigated significant relationships between youth assets and youth alcohol, tobacco, and drug use that differ according to family structure (one- or two-parent households). Data were collected from a randomly sampled inner-city population (n=1,256 teenagers and 1,256 parents of the teenagers) using in-home, in-person interviews.…

  20. 36 CFR § 1256.28 - Does NARA make any exceptions for access to records containing privacy-restricted information?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... research to qualified persons doing biomedical or social science research under the conditions outlined in... researchers in accordance with § 1256.24. (3) NARA will not grant access to restricted census and survey... research must submit a written request to the NARA FOIA/Privacy Act Officer (NGC), National Archives and...

  1. Protection against the Acute and Delayed Toxicity of Mustards and Mustard-Like Compounds.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-09-01

    Edition, A. G. Gilman, L. S. Goodman, and A. Gilman (eds.), Macmillan, New York, 1980, pp. 1256-1313. * 2. Ludlum, D. B., Alkylating Agents and the...chemical warfare agents . They are acutely toxic to the skin, respiratory tract, eyes, bone marrow, and, in large doses, to other organs as well...related to the alkylating activity of sulfur mustards and, specifically, to alkylation of DNA (1). Investigations of related compounds have led to the

  2. 30 CFR 914.15 - Approval of Indiana regulatory program amendments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ..., -118; 12-5-6, -34, -35, -36, -38, -40; 12-5-73, -100, -100.5, -101, -103. February 7, 1985 May 13, 1985... 310 IAC 12-0.5-78.7, -91.5, -109; 12-3-30, -32, -33, -34, -41, -47, -49, -55, -55.1, -68, -70, -71... reclamation fees had been paid. December 9, 1982 March 4, 1983 310 IAC 12-2-7, -9; 12-3-1, -12(c)(2), -21(b)(4...

  3. 30 CFR 914.15 - Approval of Indiana regulatory program amendments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., -118; 12-5-6, -34, -35, -36, -38, -40; 12-5-73, -100, -100.5, -101, -103. February 7, 1985 May 13, 1985... 310 IAC 12-0.5-78.7, -91.5, -109; 12-3-30, -32, -33, -34, -41, -47, -49, -55, -55.1, -68, -70, -71... reclamation fees had been paid. December 9, 1982 March 4, 1983 310 IAC 12-2-7, -9; 12-3-1, -12(c)(2), -21(b)(4...

  4. 30 CFR 914.15 - Approval of Indiana regulatory program amendments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ..., -118; 12-5-6, -34, -35, -36, -38, -40; 12-5-73, -100, -100.5, -101, -103. February 7, 1985 May 13, 1985... 310 IAC 12-0.5-78.7, -91.5, -109; 12-3-30, -32, -33, -34, -41, -47, -49, -55, -55.1, -68, -70, -71... reclamation fees had been paid. December 9, 1982 March 4, 1983 310 IAC 12-2-7, -9; 12-3-1, -12(c)(2), -21(b)(4...

  5. 30 CFR 914.15 - Approval of Indiana regulatory program amendments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ..., -118; 12-5-6, -34, -35, -36, -38, -40; 12-5-73, -100, -100.5, -101, -103. February 7, 1985 May 13, 1985... 310 IAC 12-0.5-78.7, -91.5, -109; 12-3-30, -32, -33, -34, -41, -47, -49, -55, -55.1, -68, -70, -71... reclamation fees had been paid. December 9, 1982 March 4, 1983 310 IAC 12-2-7, -9; 12-3-1, -12(c)(2), -21(b)(4...

  6. 30 CFR 914.15 - Approval of Indiana regulatory program amendments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ..., -118; 12-5-6, -34, -35, -36, -38, -40; 12-5-73, -100, -100.5, -101, -103. February 7, 1985 May 13, 1985... 310 IAC 12-0.5-78.7, -91.5, -109; 12-3-30, -32, -33, -34, -41, -47, -49, -55, -55.1, -68, -70, -71... reclamation fees had been paid. December 9, 1982 March 4, 1983 310 IAC 12-2-7, -9; 12-3-1, -12(c)(2), -21(b)(4...

  7. Predictors of Loss to Follow-up Among HIV-infected Patients in a Rural South-Eastern Nigeria Hospital: A 5-year Retrospective Cohort Study

    PubMed Central

    Eguzo, KN; Lawal, AK; Umezurike, CC; Eseigbe, CE

    2015-01-01

    Background: Patient attrition has been a challenge in managing HIV programs in resource-limited settings. Aim: This study reviews the predictors of loss to follow-up (LTFU) in our hospital and suggests the best practices for dealing with the issue. Subjects and Methods: A 5-year retrospective cohort study of 1256 HIV-infected patients. Baseline CD4 counts, age, gender, year of enrolment, and antiretroviral therapy combination regimen were considered in this study. Kaplan–Meier models were used to estimate the univariate time-to-LTFU and Cox proportional hazards models to identify the multivariate predictors of LTFU. Results: Twenty-four percent (23.9% [301/1256]) of patients were lost to follow-up. Baseline CD4 count, year of enrolment, and drug combination were significant predictors of LTFU. Patients enrolled earlier (2008/2009) were twice as likely to be LTFU compared with those enrolled later (2010–2013). Gender and age did not significantly predict LTFU nor confound other predictors. Conclusion: The program showed higher LTFU rates than most studies in Nigeria and Africa, maybe due to difficulties with the access to the hospital and possible treatment fatigue. This study recommends the provision of transportation subsidies and proactive patient follow-up with “peer-tracking” to reduce LTFU among HIV infected patients, especially in resource-limited settings. PMID:27057373

  8. Anatexis at the roof of an oceanic magma chamber at IODP Site 1256 (equatorial Pacific): an experimental study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Erdmann, Martin; Fischer, Lennart A.; France, Lydéric; Zhang, Chao; Godard, Marguerite; Koepke, Jürgen

    2015-04-01

    Replenished axial melt lenses at fast-spreading mid-oceanic ridges may move upward and intrude into the overlying hydrothermally altered sheeted dikes, resulting in high-grade contact metamorphism with the potential to trigger anatexis in the roof rocks. Assumed products of this process are anatectic melts of felsic composition and granoblastic, two-pyroxene hornfels, representing the residue after partial melting. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expeditions 309, 312, and 335 at Site 1256 (eastern equatorial Pacific) sampled such a fossilized oceanic magma chamber. In this study, we simulated magma chamber roof rock anatectic processes by performing partial melting experiments using six different protoliths from the Site 1256 sheeted dike complex, spanning a lithological range from poorly to strongly altered basalts to partially or fully recrystallized granoblastic hornfels. Results show that extensively altered starting material lacking primary magmatic minerals cannot reproduce the chemistry of natural felsic rocks recovered in ridge environments, especially elements sensitive to hydrothermal alteration (e.g., K, Cl). Natural geochemical trends are reproduced through partial melting of moderately altered basalts from the lower sheeted dikes. Two-pyroxene hornfels, the assumed residue, were reproduced only at low melting degrees (<20 vol%). The overall amphibole absence in the experiments confirms the natural observation that amphibole is not produced during peak metamorphism. Comparing experimental products with the natural equivalents reveals that water activity ( aH2O) was significantly reduced during anatectic processes, mainly based on lower melt aluminum oxide and lower plagioclase anorthite content at lower aH2O. High silica melt at the expected temperature (1000-1050 °C; peak thermal overprint of two-pyroxene hornfels) could only be reproduced in the experimental series performed at aH2O = 0.1.

  9. Standard methods for filled hole tension testing of textile composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Portanova, M. A.; Masters, J. E.

    1995-01-01

    The effects of two test specimen geometry parameters, the specimen width and W/D ratio, on filled-hole tensile strength were determined for textile composite materials. Test data generated by Boeing and Lockheed on 2-D and 3-D braids, and 3-D weaves were used to make these evaluations. The investigation indicated that filled-hole tensile-strength showed little sensitivity to either parameter. Test specimen configurations used in open-hole tension tests, such as those suggested by ASTM D5766 - Standard Test Method for Open Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates or those proposed by MIL-HDBK-17-lD should provide adequate results for material comparisons studies. Comparisons of the materials' open-hole and filled-hole tensile strengths indicated that the latter were generally lower than the former. The 3-D braids were the exception; their filled-hole strengths were unexpected larger than their open-hole strengths. However, these increases were small compared to the scatter in the data. Thus, filled hole tension may be a critical design consideration for textile composite materials.

  10. Tetrahedral Hohlraum Visualization and Pointings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Klare, K. A.; Wallace, J. M.; Drake, D.

    1997-11-01

    In designing experiments for Omega, the tetrahedral hohlraum (a sphere with four holes) can make full use of all 60 beams. There are some complications: the beams must clear the laser entrance hole (LEH), must miss a central capsule, absolutely must not go out the other LEHs, and should distribute in the interior of the hohlraum to maximize the uniformity of irradiation on the capsule while keeping reasonable laser spot sizes. We created a 15-offset coordinate system with which an IDL program computes clearances, writes a file for QuickDraw 3D (QD3D) visualization, and writes input for the viewfactor code RAYNA IV. Visualizing and adjusting the parameters by eye gave more reliable results than computer optimization. QD3D images permitted quick live rotations to determine offsets. The clearances obtained insured safe operation and good physics. The viewfactor code computes the initial irradiation of the hohlraum and capsule or of a uniform hohlraum source with the loss through the four LEHs and shows a high degree of uniformity with both, better for lasers because this deposits more energy near the LEHs to compensate for the holes.

  11. Experimental assessment of film cooling performance of short cylindrical holes on a flat surface

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Singh, Kuldeep; Premachandran, B.; Ravi, M. R.

    2016-12-01

    The present study is an experimental investigation of film-cooling over a flat surface from the short cylindrical holes. The film cooling holes used in the combustion chamber and the afterburner liner of an aero engine has length-to-diameter (L/D) typically in the range 1-2, while the cooling holes used in turbine blades has L/D > 3. Based on the classification given in the literature, cooling holes with L/D ≤ 3 are named as short holes and cooling holes with L/D > 3 are named as long holes. Short film cooling holes cause jetting of the secondary fluid whereas the secondary fluid emerging from long holes has characteristics similar to fully developed turbulent flow in pipe. In order to understand the difference in the film cooling performance of long and short cooling holes, experimental study is carried out for five values of L/D in the range 1-5, five injection angles, α = 15°-90° and five mainstream Reynolds number 1.25 × 105-6.25 × 105 and two blowing ratios, M = 0.5-1.0. The surface temperature of the test plate is monitored using infrared thermography. The results obtained from the present study showed that the film-cooling effectiveness is higher for the longest holes (L/D = 5) investigated in the present work in comparison to that for the shorter holes. Short holes are found to give better effectiveness at the lowest investigated injection angle i.e. α = 15° in the near cooling hole region, whereas film cooling effectiveness obtained at injection angle, α = 45° is found to be better than other injection angles for longest investigated holes, i.e. L/D = 5.

  12. Dimensional crossover and thermoelectric properties in CeTe2-xSbx single crystals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rhyee, Jong-Soo; Lee, Kyung Eun; Nyeong Kim, Jae; Shim, Ji Hoon; Min, Byeong Hun; Kwon, Yong Seung

    2013-03-01

    Several years before, we proposed that the charge density wave is a new pathway for high thermoelectric performance in In4Se3-x bulk crystalline materials. (Nature v.459, p. 965, 2009) Recently, from the increase of the chemical potential by halogen doped In4Se3-xH0.03 (H =Halogen elements) crystals, we achieved high ZT (maximum ZT 1.53) over a wide temperature range. (Adv. Mater. v.23, p.2191, 2011) Here we demonstrate the low dimensionality increases power factor in CeTe2-xSbx single crystals. The band structures of CeTe2 show the 2-dimensional (2D) Fermi surface nesting behavior as well as a 3-dimensional (3D) electron Fermi surface hindering the perfect charge density wave (CDW) gap opening. By hole doping with the substitution of Sb at the Te-site, the 3D-like Fermi surface disappears and the 2D perfect CDW gap opening enhances the power factor up to x = 0.1. With further hole doping, the Fermi surfaces become 3-dimensional structure with heavy hole bands. The enhancement of the power factor is observed near the dimensional crossover of CDW, at x = 0.1, where the CDW gap is maximized. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program (2011-0021335), Mid-career Research Program (Strategy) (No. 2012R1A2A1A03005174) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, and TJ Park Junior Faculty Fellowship funded by the POSCO TJ Park Foundation.

  13. surf3d: A 3-D finite-element program for the analysis of surface and corner cracks in solids subjected to mode-1 loadings

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Raju, I. S.; Newman, J. C., Jr.

    1993-01-01

    A computer program, surf3d, that uses the 3D finite-element method to calculate the stress-intensity factors for surface, corner, and embedded cracks in finite-thickness plates with and without circular holes, was developed. The cracks are assumed to be either elliptic or part eliptic in shape. The computer program uses eight-noded hexahedral elements to model the solid. The program uses a skyline storage and solver. The stress-intensity factors are evaluated using the force method, the crack-opening displacement method, and the 3-D virtual crack closure methods. In the manual the input to and the output of the surf3d program are described. This manual also demonstrates the use of the program and describes the calculation of the stress-intensity factors. Several examples with sample data files are included with the manual. To facilitate modeling of the user's crack configuration and loading, a companion program (a preprocessor program) that generates the data for the surf3d called gensurf was also developed. The gensurf program is a three dimensional mesh generator program that requires minimal input and that builds a complete data file for surf3d. The program surf3d is operational on Unix machines such as CRAY Y-MP, CRAY-2, and Convex C-220.

  14. Phase Transition and Quasinormal Modes for Spherical Black Holes in 5D Gauss–Bonnet Gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Ming; Yue, Rui-Hong

    2018-04-01

    Not Available Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11647050, 11675139 and 51575420, and the Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department under Grant No 16JK1394.

  15. Black Hole Coalescence and Mergers: Review, Status, and ``Where are We Heading?''

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Seidel, E.

    I review recent progress in 3D numerical relativity, focusing onsimulations involving black holes evolved with singularity avoiding slicings. After a long series of axisymmetric and perturbative studies of distorted black holes and black hole collisions, similar studies were carried out with full 3D codes. The results show that such black hole simulations can be carried out extremely accurately, although instabilities plague the simulation at uncomfortably early times. However, new formulations of Einstein's equations allow much more stable 3D evolutions than ever before, enabling the first studies of 3D gravitational collapse to a black hole. With these new formulations, for example, it has become possible to perform the first detailed simulations of 3D grazing collisions of black holes with unequal mass and spin, and with orbital angular momentum. I discuss the 3D black hole physics that can now be studied, and prospects for the future. Such studies may be able to provide information about the final plunge of two black holes, which is relevant to gravitational wave astronomy, and will be very useful as a foundation for future studies when advanced techniques like black hole excision mature to the point that they permit full orbital coalescence simulations.

  16. Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-04

    NASA Physical Oceanography Program Scientist Eric Lindstrom boards the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's research vessel Knorr on Tuesday, Sept. 4, 2012, in Woods Hole, Mass. Lindstrom will depart on Knorr Sept. 6 to take part in the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS). The NASA-sponsored expedition will sail to the North Atlantic's saltiest spot to get a detailed, 3-D picture of how salt content fluctuates in the ocean's upper layers and how these variations are related to shifts in rainfall patterns around the planet. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  17. Research in Prevention and Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-04-01

    NUMBER W81XWH-12-1-0031 Hearing Loss (NIHL) 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Kathleen Campbell, PhD Betty Diamond 5d. PROJECT...sharpened pick. In vitro perfusion was performed intermittently within 5 minutes of sacrifice through the small hole in the scala tympani, allowing...from steady state and impulse NIHL when D- met administration begins as late as 24 hours post-noise exposure.  Learned and developed a technique

  18. Robust identification and localization of intramedullary nail holes for distal locking using CBCT: a simulation study.

    PubMed

    Kamarianakis, Z; Buliev, I; Pallikarakis, N

    2011-05-01

    Closed intramedullary nailing is a common technique for treatment of femur and tibia fractures. The most challenging step in this procedure is the precise placement of the lateral screws that stabilize the fragmented bone. The present work concerns the development and the evaluation of a method to accurately identify in the 3D space the axes of the nail hole canals. A limited number of projection images are acquired around the leg with the help of a C-arm. On two of them, the locking hole entries are interactively selected and a rough localization of the hole axes is performed. Perpendicularly to one of them, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstructions are produced. The accurate identification and localization of the hole axes are done by an identification of the centers of the nail holes on the tomograms and a further 3D linear regression through principal component analysis (PCA). Various feature-based approaches (RANSAC, least-square fitting, Hough transform) have been compared for best matching the contours and the centers of the holes on the tomograms. The robustness of the suggested method was investigated using simulations. Programming is done in Matlab and C++. Results obtained on synthetic data confirm very good localization accuracy - mean translational error of 0.14 mm (std=0.08 mm) and mean angular error of 0.84° (std=0.35°) at no radiation excess. Successful localization can be further used to guide a surgeon or a robot for correct drilling the bone along the nail openings. Copyright © 2010 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Simultaneous 3D coincidence imaging of cationic, anionic, and neutral photo-fragments

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shahi, Abhishek; Albeck, Yishai; Strasser, Daniel

    2018-01-01

    We present the design and simulations of a 3D coincidence imaging spectrometer for fast beam photofragmentation experiments. Coincidence detection of cationic, neutral, and anionic fragments involves spectrometer aberrations that are successfully corrected by an analytical model combined with exact numerical simulations. The spectrometer performance is experimentally demonstrated by characterization of four different channels of intense 800 nm pulse interaction with F2-: F- + F photodissociation, F + F dissociative photodetachment, F+ + F dissociative ionization, and F+ + F+ coulomb explosion. Improved measurement of F2- photodissociation with a 400 nm photon allows a better determination of the F2- anion dissociation energy, 1.256 ± 0.005 eV.

  20. Fermi LAT detection of renewed strong GeV activity from the FSRQ 3C 279

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ojha, Roopesh; van Zyl, Pfesesani; Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration

    2018-04-01

    The Large Area Telescope (LAT), one of two instruments on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, has observed an intense and hard gamma-ray flare from a source positionally consistent with the flat spectrum radio quasar 3C 279, also known as 3FGL J1256.1-0547 (Acero et al. 2015, ApJS, 218, 23), with radio coordinates R.A.: 12h56m11.1665s, Dec: -05d47m21.523s (J2000.0; Johnston et al. 1995, AJ, 110, 880).

  1. Moduli vacuum bubbles produced by evaporating black holes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Morris, J. R.

    2007-10-15

    We consider a model with a toroidally compactified extra dimension giving rise to a temperature-dependent 4D effective potential with one-loop contributions due to the Casimir effect, along with a 5D cosmological constant. The forms of the effective potential at low and high temperatures indicate a possibility for the formation of a domain wall bubble, formed by the modulus scalar field, surrounding an evaporating black hole. This is viewed as an example of a recently proposed black hole vacuum bubble arising from matter-sourced moduli fields in the vicinity of an evaporating black hole [D. Green, E. Silverstein, and D. Starr, Phys.more » Rev. D 74, 024004 (2006)]. The black hole bubble can be highly opaque to lower-energy particles and photons, and thereby entrap them within. For high-temperature black holes, there may also be a symmetry-breaking black hole bubble of false vacuum of the type previously conjectured by Moss [I. G. Moss, Phys. Rev. D 32, 1333 (1985)], tending to reflect low-energy particles from its wall. A double bubble composed of these two different types of bubble may form around the black hole, altering the hole's emission spectrum that reaches outside observers. Smaller mass black holes that have already evaporated away could have left vacuum bubbles behind that contribute to the dark matter.« less

  2. Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-04

    NASA Physical Oceanography Program Scientist Eric Lindstrom poses for a photograph next to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution research vessel Knorr on Tuesday, Sept. 4, 2012, in Woods Hole, Mass. Lindstrom will depart on Knorr Sept. 6 to take part in the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS). The NASA-sponsored expedition will sail to the North Atlantic's saltiest spot to get a detailed, 3-D picture of how salt content fluctuates in the ocean's upper layers and how these variations are related to shifts in rainfall patterns around the planet. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  3. Hawking temperature of constant curvature black holes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cai Ronggen; Myung, Yun Soo; Institute of Basic Science and School of Computer Aided Science, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749

    2011-05-15

    The constant curvature (CC) black holes are higher dimensional generalizations of Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black holes. It is known that these black holes have the unusual topology of M{sub D-1}xS{sup 1}, where D is the spacetime dimension and M{sub D-1} stands for a conformal Minkowski spacetime in D-1 dimensions. The unusual topology and time-dependence for the exterior of these black holes cause some difficulties to derive their thermodynamic quantities. In this work, by using a globally embedding approach, we obtain the Hawking temperature of the CC black holes. We find that the Hawking temperature takes the same form when using both themore » static and global coordinates. Also, it is identical to the Gibbons-Hawking temperature of the boundary de Sitter spaces of these CC black holes.« less

  4. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Seiple, Timothy E.; Coleman, André M.; Skaggs, Richard L.

    Within the United States and Puerto Rico, publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) process 130.5 Gl/d (34.5 Bgal/d) of wastewater, producing sludge as a waste product. Emerging technologies offer novel waste-to-energy pathways through whole sludge conversion into biofuels. Assessing the feasibility, scalability and tradeoffs of various energy conversion pathways is difficult in the absence of highly spatially resolved estimates of sludge production. In this study, average wastewater solids concentrations and removal rates, and site specific daily average influent flow are used to estimate site specific annual sludge production on a dry weight basis for >15,000 POTWs. Current beneficial uses, regional productionmore » hotspots and feedstock aggregation potential are also assessed. Analyses indicate 1) POTWs capture 12.56 Tg/y (13.84 MT/y) of dry solids; 2) 50% are not beneficially utilized, and 3) POTWs can support seven regions that aggregate >910 Mg/d (1000 T/d) of sludge within a travel distance of 100 km.« less

  5. PIV measurements in the near wakes of hollow cylinders with holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Firat, Erhan; Ozkan, Gokturk M.; Akilli, Huseyin

    2017-05-01

    The wake flows behind fixed, hollow, rigid circular cylinders with two rows of holes connecting the front and rear stagnation lines were investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) for various combinations of three hole diameters, d = 0.1 D, 0.15 D, and 0.20 D, six hole-to-hole distances, l = 2 d, 3 d, 4 d, 5 d, 6 d, and 7 d, and ten angles of incidence ( α), from 0° to 45° in steps of 5°, at a Reynolds number of Re = 6,900. Time-averaged velocity distributions, instantaneous and time-averaged vorticity patterns, time-averaged streamline topology, and hot spots of turbulent kinetic energy occurred through the interaction of shear layers from the models were presented to show how the wake flow was modified by the presence of the self-issuing jets with various momentums emanating from the downstream holes. In general, as hole diameter which is directly related to jet momentum increased, the values of time-averaged wake characteristics (length of time-averaged recirculation region, vortex formation length, length of shear layers, and gap between the shear layers) increased. Irrespective to d and l tested, the values of the vortex formation length of the models are greater than that of the cylinder without hole (reference model). That is, vortex formation process was shifted downstream by aid of jets. It was found that time-averaged wake characteristics were very sensitive to α. As α increased, the variation of these characteristics can be modeled by exponential decay functions. The effect of l on the three-dimensional vortex shedding patterns in the near wake of the models was also discussed.

  6. Universal optimal hole-doping concentration in single-layer high-temperature cuprate superconductors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Honma, T.; Hor, P. H.

    2006-09-01

    We argue that in cuprate physics there are two types, hole content per CuO2 plane (Ppl) and the corresponding hole content per unit volume (P3D), of hole-doping concentrations for addressing physical properties that are two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) in nature, respectively. We find that the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) varies systematically with P3D as a superconducting 'dome' with a universal optimal hole-doping concentration of P3Dopt = 1.6 × 1021 cm-3 for single-layer high-temperature superconductors. We suggest that P3Dopt determines the upper bound of the electronic energy of underdoped single-layer high-Tc cuprates.

  7. Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture Behavior of As-Cast Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B (TNM) Compared to Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr (4822) (Postprint)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-11-22

    properties [1,2,5,6]. Previous studies on γ-TiAl have shown that the fatigue crack growth rate da/dN and threshold level ΔKth are dependent on the...rate. In addition, m is ∼9 at low R and approaches 100 at high R, again suggesting an important effect of Kmax on the crack growth rate. Furthermore...effects on the mechanical behavior of intermetallics due to various beneficial microstructure modification [27]. Studies are underway to understand

  8. 29 CFR Appendix E to Subpart L of... - Test Methods for Protective Clothing

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... penetration. One block shall have a hole drilled to hold an 8D common nail firmly at an angle of 98°. The second block shall have a maximum 1/2-inch (1.3 cm) diameter hole drilled through it so that the hole... 11 irons thick, and a new 8D nail, shall be placed as follows: the 8D nail in the hole, the sample of...

  9. 29 CFR Appendix E to Subpart L of... - Test Methods for Protective Clothing

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... penetration. One block shall have a hole drilled to hold an 8D common nail firmly at an angle of 98°. The second block shall have a maximum 1/2-inch (1.3 cm) diameter hole drilled through it so that the hole... 11 irons thick, and a new 8D nail, shall be placed as follows: the 8D nail in the hole, the sample of...

  10. Smooth Horizonless Geometries Deep Inside the Black-Hole Regime.

    PubMed

    Bena, Iosif; Giusto, Stefano; Martinec, Emil J; Russo, Rodolfo; Shigemori, Masaki; Turton, David; Warner, Nicholas P

    2016-11-11

    We construct the first family of horizonless supergravity solutions that have the same mass, charges, and angular momenta as general supersymmetric rotating D1-D5-P black holes in five dimensions. This family includes solutions with arbitrarily small angular momenta, deep within the regime of quantum numbers and couplings for which a large classical black hole exists. These geometries are well approximated by the black-hole solution, and in particular exhibit the same near-horizon throat. Deep in this throat, the black-hole singularity is resolved into a smooth cap. We also identify the holographically dual states in the N=(4,4) D1-D5 orbifold conformal field theory (CFT). Our solutions are among the states counted by the CFT elliptic genus, and provide examples of smooth microstate geometries within the ensemble of supersymmetric black-hole microstates.

  11. Pair creation of higher dimensional black holes on a de Sitter background

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Dias, Oscar J.C.; Lemos, Jose P.S.; CENTRA, Departamento de Fisica, F.C.T., Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro

    We study in detail the quantum process in which a pair of black holes is created in a higher D-dimensional de Sitter (dS) background. The energy to materialize and accelerate the pair comes from the positive cosmological constant. The instantons that describe the process are obtained from the Tangherlini black hole solutions. Our pair creation rates reduce to the pair creation rate for Reissner-Nordstroem-dS solutions when D=4. Pair creation of black holes in the dS background becomes less suppressed when the dimension of the spacetime increases. The dS space is the only background in which we can discuss analytically themore » pair creation process of higher dimensional black holes, since the C-metric and the Ernst solutions, which describe, respectively, a pair accelerated by a string and by an electromagnetic field, are not known yet in a higher dimensional spacetime.« less

  12. A computer program for borehole compensation of dual-detector density well logs

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Scott, James Henry

    1978-01-01

    The computer program described in this report was developed for applying a borehole-rugosity and mudcake compensation algorithm to dual-density logs using the following information: the water level in the drill hole, hole diameter (from a caliper log if available, or the nominal drill diameter if not), and the two gamma-ray count rate logs from the near and far detectors of the density probe. The equations that represent the compensation algorithm and the calibration of the two detectors (for converting countrate or density) were derived specifically for a probe manufactured by Comprobe Inc. (5.4 cm O.D. dual-density-caliper); they are not applicable to other probes. However, equivalent calibration and compensation equations can be empirically determined for any other similar two-detector density probes and substituted in the computer program listed in this report. * Use of brand names in this report does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

  13. Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-04

    NASA Physical Oceanography Program Scientist Eric Lindstrom talks about the instruments onboard the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution research vessel Knorr on Tuesday, Sept. 4, 2012, in Woods Hole, Mass. Various scientific instruments will be deployed in the Atlantic Ocean as part of the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS) which is set to sail on Sept. 6. The NASA-sponsored expedition will sail to the North Atlantic's saltiest spot to get a detailed, 3-D picture of how salt content fluctuates in the ocean's upper layers and how these variations are related to shifts in rainfall patterns around the planet. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  14. Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-04

    NASA Physical Oceanography Program Scientist Eric Lindstrom inspects an autonomous wave glider onboard the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution research vessel Knorr on Tuesday, Sept. 4, 2012, in Woods Hole, Mass. The autonomous gliders will be deployed in the Atlantic Ocean as part of the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS) which is set to sail on Sept. 6. The NASA-sponsored expedition will sail to the North Atlantic's saltiest spot to get a detailed, 3-D picture of how salt content fluctuates in the ocean's upper layers and how these variations are related to shifts in rainfall patterns around the planet. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  15. Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-04

    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Senior Scientist Ray Schmitt, left, and NASA Physical Oceanography Program Scientist Eric Lindstrom pose for a photograph in front of the Institution's research vessel Knorr on Tuesday, Sept. 4, 2012, in Woods Hole, Mass. Knorr is scheduled to depart on Sept. 6 to take part in the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS). The NASA-sponsored expedition will sail to the North Atlantic's saltiest spot to get a detailed, 3-D picture of how salt content fluctuates in the ocean's upper layers and how these variations are related to shifts in rainfall patterns around the planet. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  16. Study of solar flare induced D-region ionosphere changes using VLF amplitude observations at a low latitude site

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tan, L. M.; Thu, N. N.; Ha, T. Q.; Marbouti, M.

    2014-06-01

    About 26 solar flare events from C2.56 to X3.2 classes were obtained and analyzed at Tay Nguyen University, Vietnam (12.56°N, 108.02°E) during May - December 2013 using very low frequency remote sensing to understand the responses of low latitude D-region ionosphere during solar flares. The observed VLF amplitude perturbations are used as the input parameters for the simulated Long Wavelength Propagation Capability (LWPC) program, using Wait's model of lower ionosphere, to calculate two Wait's parameters, viz. the reflection height (H') and the sharpness factor (?). The results reveal that when X-ray irradiance is increased, ? increased from 0.3 to 0.506 km-1, while H' decreased from 74 to 60 km. The electron density increased at the height of 74 km with 1-3 orders of magnitude during solar flares. These phenomena can be explained as: the ionization due to X-ray irradiance becomes greater than that due to cosmic rays and Lyman-α radiation, which increases the electron density profile. The present results are in agreement with the earlier results. The 3D representation of the electron density changes with altitude and time supports to fully understand the shape of the electron density changes due to X-ray flares. The shape variation of electron density is roughly followed to the variation of the amplitude perturbation and keeps this rule for different altitudes. It is also found that the electron density versus the height in lower latitude D-region ionosphere increases more rapidly during solar flares.

  17. Imaging of magma intrusions beneath Harrat Al-Madinah in Saudi Arabia

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abdelwahed, Mohamed F.; El-Masry, Nabil; Moufti, Mohamed Rashad; Kenedi, Catherine Lewis; Zhao, Dapeng; Zahran, Hani; Shawali, Jamal

    2016-04-01

    High-resolution tomographic images of the crust and upper mantle beneath Harrat Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia, are obtained by inverting high-quality arrival-time data of local earthquakes and teleseismic events recorded by newly installed borehole seismic stations to investigate the AD 1256 volcanic eruption and the 1999 seismic swarm in the study region. Our tomographic images show the existence of strong heterogeneities marked with low-velocity zones extending beneath the AD 1256 volcanic center and the 1999 seismic swarm area. The low-velocity zone coinciding with the hypocenters of the 1999 seismic swarm suggests the presence of a shallow magma reservoir that is apparently originated from a deeper source (60-100 km depths) and is possibly connected with another reservoir located further north underneath the NNW-aligned scoria cones of the AD 1256 eruption. We suggest that the 1999 seismic swarm may represent an aborted volcanic eruption and that the magmatism along the western margin of Arabia is largely attributed to the uplifting and thinning of its lithosphere by the Red Sea rifting.

  18. No-Enclave Percolation Corresponds to Holes in the Cluster Backbone.

    PubMed

    Hu, Hao; Ziff, Robert M; Deng, Youjin

    2016-10-28

    The no-enclave percolation (NEP) model introduced recently by Sheinman et al. can be mapped to a problem of holes within a standard percolation backbone, and numerical measurements of such holes give the same size-distribution exponent τ=1.82(1) as found for the NEP model. An argument is given that τ=1+d_{B}/2≈1.822 for backbone holes, where d_{B} is the backbone dimension. On the other hand, a model of simple holes within a percolation cluster yields τ=1+d_{f}/2=187/96≈1.948, where d_{f} is the fractal dimension of the cluster, and this value is consistent with the experimental results of gel collapse of Sheinman et al., which give τ=1.91(6). This suggests that the gel clusters are of the universality class of percolation cluster holes. Both models give a discontinuous maximum hole size at p_{c}, signifying explosive percolation behavior.

  19. Baby de Sitter black holes and dS3/CFT2

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    de Buyl, Sophie; Detournay, Stéphane; Giribet, Gaston; Ng, Gim Seng

    2014-02-01

    Unlike three-dimensional Einstein gravity, three-dimensional massive gravity admits asymptotically de Sitter space (dS) black hole solutions. These black holes present interesting features and provide us with toy models to study the dS/CFT correspondence. A remarkable property of these black holes is that they are always in thermal equilibrium with the cosmological horizon of the space that hosts them. This invites us to study the thermodynamics of these solutions within the context of dS/CFT. We study the asymptotic symmetry group of the theory and find that it indeed coincides with the local two-dimensional conformal algebra. The charge algebra associated to the asymptotic Killing vectors consists of two copies of the Virasoro algebra with non-vanishing central extension. We compute the mass and angular momentum of the dS black holes and verify that a naive application of Cardy's formula exactly reproduces the entropy of both the black hole and the cosmological horizon. By adapting the holographic renormalization techniques to the case of dS space, we define the boundary stress tensor of the dual Euclidean conformal field theory.

  20. Mass inflation followed by Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz collapse inside accreting, rotating black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hamilton, Andrew J. S.

    2017-10-01

    Numerical evidence is presented that the Poisson-Israel mass inflation instability at the inner horizon of an accreting, rotating black hole is generically followed by Belinskii-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz oscillatory collapse to a spacelike singularity. The computation involves following all 6 degrees of freedom of the gravitational field. To simplify the problem, the computation takes as initial conditions the conformally separable solutions of Andrew J. S. Hamilton and Gavin Polhemus [Interior structure of rotating black holes. I. Concise derivation, Phys. Rev. D 84, 124055 (2011), 10.1103/PhysRevD.84.124055] and Andrew J. S. Hamilton [Interior structure of rotating black holes. II. Uncharged black holes, Phys. Rev. D 84, 124056 (2011), 10.1103/PhysRevD.84.124056] just above the inner horizon of a slowly accreting, rotating black hole and integrates the equations inward along single latitudes.

  1. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of different analogs of 11C-labeled TZTP for imaging muscarinic M2 receptors with PET.

    PubMed

    Reid, Alicia E; Ding, Yu-Shin; Eckelman, William C; Logan, Jean; Alexoff, David; Shea, Colleen; Xu, Youwen; Fowler, Joanna S

    2008-04-01

    The only radiotracer available for the selective imaging of muscarinic M2 receptors in vivo is 3-(3-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)thio)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methylpyridine) ([18F]FP-TZTP). We have prepared and labeled 3-(3-(3-fluoropropylthio)-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methylpyridne (FP-TZTP, 3) and two other TZTP derivatives with 11C at the methylpyridine moiety to explore the potential of using 11C-labeled FP-TZTP for positron emission tomography imaging of M2 receptors and to compare the effect of small structural changes on tracer pharmacokinetics (PK) in brain and peripheral organs. 11C-radiolabeled FP-TZTP, 3-(3-propylthio)-TZTP (6) and 3,3,3-(3-(3-trifluoropropyl)-TZTP (10) were prepared, and log D, plasma protein binding (PPB), affinity constants, time-activity curves (TACs), area under the curve (AUC) for arterial plasma, distribution volumes (DV) and pharmacological blockade in baboons were compared. Values for log D, PPB and affinity constants were similar for 3, 6 and 10. The fraction of parent radiotracer in the plasma was higher and the AUC lower for 10 than for 3 and 6. TACs for brain regions were similar for 3 and 6, which showed PK similar to the 18F tracer, while 10 showed slower uptake and little clearance over 90 min. DVs for 3 and 6 were similar to the 18F tracer but higher for 10. Uptake of the three tracers was significantly reduced by coinjection of unlabeled 3 and 6. Small structural variations on the TZTP structure greatly altered the PK in brain and behavior in blood with little change in the log D, PPB or affinity. The study suggests that 11C-radiolabeled 3 will be a suitable alternative to [18F]FP-TZTP for translational studies in humans.

  2. A microscopic description of black hole evaporation via holography

    DOE PAGES

    Berkowitz, Evan; Hanada, Masanori; Maltz, Jonathan

    2016-07-19

    Here, we propose a description of how a large, cold black hole (black zero-brane) in type IIA superstring theory evaporates into freely propagating D0-branes, by solving the dual gauge theory quantitatively. The energy spectrum of emitted D0-branes is parametrically close to thermal when the black hole is large. The black hole, while initially cold, gradually becomes an extremely hot and stringy object as it evaporates. As it emits D0-branes, its emission rate speeds up and it evaporates completely without leaving any remnant. Hence this system provides us with a concrete holographic description of black hole evaporation without information loss.

  3. A microscopic description of black hole evaporation via holography

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Berkowitz, Evan; Hanada, Masanori; Maltz, Jonathan

    Here, we propose a description of how a large, cold black hole (black zero-brane) in type IIA superstring theory evaporates into freely propagating D0-branes, by solving the dual gauge theory quantitatively. The energy spectrum of emitted D0-branes is parametrically close to thermal when the black hole is large. The black hole, while initially cold, gradually becomes an extremely hot and stringy object as it evaporates. As it emits D0-branes, its emission rate speeds up and it evaporates completely without leaving any remnant. Hence this system provides us with a concrete holographic description of black hole evaporation without information loss.

  4. The Nearest Black Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Garcia, M.; Oliversen, Ronald J. (Technical Monitor)

    2004-01-01

    The goal of this program is to study black holes, both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies. We aim to study both 'stellar mass' x-ray binaries containing black holes (both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies), and super-massive black holes in nearby galaxies. This program facilitate this study by funding related travel, computer equipment, and partial salary for a post-doc.

  5. The Nearest Black Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Oliversen, Ronald J. (Technical Monitor); Garcia, M.

    2003-01-01

    The goal of this program is to study black holes, both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies. We aim to study both 'stellar mass' x-ray binaries containing black holes (both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies), and super-massive black holes in nearby galaxies. This program facilitates this study by funding related travel, computer equipment, and partial salary for a post-doc.

  6. The mass formula for an exotic BTZ black hole

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhang, Baocheng, E-mail: zhangbc.zhang@yahoo.com

    2016-04-15

    An exotic Bañados–Teitelboim–Zanelli (BTZ) black hole has an angular momentum larger than its mass in three dimension (3D), which suggests the possibility that cosmic censorship could be violated if angular momentum is extracted by the Penrose process. In this paper, we propose a mass formula for the exotic BTZ black hole and show no violation of weak cosmic censorship in the gedanken process above by understanding properly its mass formula. Unlike the other black holes, the total energy of the exotic BTZ black hole is represented by the angular momentum instead of the mass, which supports a basic point ofmore » view that the same geometry should be determined by the same energy in 3D general relativity whose equation of motion can be given either by normal 3D Einstein gravity or by exotic 3D Einstein gravity. However, only the mass of the exotic black hole is related to the thermodynamics and other forms of energy are “dumb”, which is consistent with the earlier thermodynamic analysis about exotic black holes.« less

  7. High Performance Simulations of Accretion Disk Dynamics and Jet Formations Around Kerr Black Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Nishikawa, Ken-Ichi; Mizuno, Yosuke; Watson, Michael

    2007-01-01

    We investigate jet formation in black-hole systems using 3-D General Relativistic Particle-In-Cell (GRPIC) and 3-D GRMHD simulations. GRPIC simulations, which allow charge separations in a collisionless plasma, do not need to invoke the frozen condition as in GRMHD simulations. 3-D GRPIC simulations show that jets are launched from Kerr black holes as in 3-D GRMHD simulations, but jet formation in the two cases may not be identical. Comparative study of black hole systems with GRPIC and GRMHD simulations with the inclusion of radiate transfer will further clarify the mechanisms that drive the evolution of disk-jet systems.

  8. Novel hole transport layer of nickel oxide composite with carbon for high-performance perovskite solar cells

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sajid; Elseman, A. M.; Ji, Jun; Dou, Shangyi; Huang, Hao; Cui, Peng; Wei, Dong; Li, Meicheng

    2018-01-01

    Not Available Project supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2015AA034601), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51772096, 91333122, 51372082, 51402106, and 11504107), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20130036110012), the Par-Eu Scholars Program, Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project, China (Grant No. Z161100002616039), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant Nos. 2016JQ01, 2015ZZD03, 2015ZD07, and 2017ZZD02).

  9. Municipal wastewater sludge as a sustainable bioresource in the United States

    DOE PAGES

    Seiple, Timothy E.; Coleman, André M.; Skaggs, Richard L.

    2017-04-20

    Within the United States and Puerto Rico, publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) process 130.5 Gl/d (34.5 Bgal/d) of wastewater, producing sludge as a waste product. Emerging technologies offer novel waste-to-energy pathways through whole sludge conversion into biofuels. Assessing the feasibility, scalability and tradeoffs of various energy conversion pathways is difficult in the absence of highly spatially resolved estimates of sludge production. In this study, average wastewater solids concentrations and removal rates, and site specific daily average influent flow are used to estimate site specific annual sludge production on a dry weight basis for >15,000 POTWs. Current beneficial uses, regional productionmore » hotspots and feedstock aggregation potential are also assessed. Analyses indicate 1) POTWs capture 12.56 Tg/y (13.84 MT/y) of dry solids; 2) 50% are not beneficially utilized, and 3) POTWs can support seven regions that aggregate >910 Mg/d (1000 T/d) of sludge within a travel distance of 100 km.« less

  10. Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS)

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2012-09-04

    NASA Physical Oceanography Program Scientist Eric Lindstrom inspects a sensor-laden buoy prior to it being loaded onboard the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's vessel Knorr on Tuesday, Sept. 4, 2012, in Woods Hole, Mass. The buoy will be deployed in the Atlantic Ocean as part of the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study (SPURS) which is set to sail on Sept. 6. The NASA-sponsored expedition will sail to the North Atlantic's saltiest spot to get a detailed, 3-D picture of how salt content fluctuates in the ocean's upper layers and how these variations are related to shifts in rainfall patterns around the planet. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

  11. KSC-00padig028

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2000-07-12

    A Russian 3-stage Proton rocket blasts into the sky at 12:56 a.m. EDT with the Russian-built Zvezda module in a successful launch from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan. Zvezda is the primary Russian contribution to the International Space Station, serving as the early Station living quarters. It will also provide early propulsive attitude control and reboost capabilities and be the main docking port for Russian Progress cargo resupply vehicles. The third Station component, Zvezda will dock by remote control with the already orbiting Zarya and Unity modules at an altitude of about 245 by 230 statute miles. (Image taken with Nikon D1 digital camera.)

  12. The Structure and Variability of Extended S II 1256Å Emission Near Io

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Woodward, R. C.; Roesler, F. L.; Oliversen, R. J.; Smyth, W. H.; Moos, H. W.; Bagenal, F.

    2001-05-01

    Since the first Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) observations of Io in 1997 [1], 32 spectrally dispersed STIS images of Io containing the S II 1256Å line have been obtained during eight ``visits'' (observing sequences). Each image is a 2'' x 25'' rectangle containing Io, which includes emission out to 15--40 Io radii from the moon, depending on viewing geometry. After carefully removing contamination from spectrally adjacent lines, the variable dark current in the STIS FUV MAMA, and the contribution of the foreground/background plasma torus, we have examined the S II 1256Å emission away from the surface of Io in each image. We have also compared these data with the overall plasma torus, as seen in [S II] 6731Å groundbased images [2] (which have been acquired throughout this time period, and overlap three of the eight visits in particular). We find that the S II 1256Å emission is quite different from the neutral O and S UV emission observed simultaneously. It falls off more slowly and less symmetrically, and has greater temporal variability; these effects cannot adequately be explained as a simple function of phase, viewing geometry, and System~III magnetic longitude, although a System~III dependence is present. Earlier [3], we reported a large, highly asymmetric brightening in the extended S II 1256Å emission on 14 October 1997, correlated with brightenings in neutral O and S UV lines in the same STIS data and with [O I] 6300Å observed from the ground; this brightening is now seen to be unique in the full dataset, both in brightness and in asymmetry. (This is consistent with the much larger groundbased [O I] 6300Å dataset [4], in which features comparable to the 14 October 1997 brightening are rare.) These and other results, and their implications for the Io-torus interaction, will be discussed. This work was supported in part by NASA grants NAS5-30131 and NAG5-6546, and RTOP 344-32-30. References: [1] Roesler et al., Science 283, 353 (1999). [2] Woodward et al., B.A.A.S. 32, 1059 (2000). [3] Woodward et al., Eos 81, S290 (2000). [4] Oliversen et al., J.G.R., in press.

  13. Thermodynamics of "exotic" Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black holes.

    PubMed

    Townsend, Paul K; Zhang, Baocheng

    2013-06-14

    A number of three-dimensional (3D) gravity models, such as 3D conformal gravity, admit "exotic" black hole solutions: the metric is the same as the Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli metric of 3D Einstein gravity but with reversed roles for mass and angular momentum, and an entropy proportional to the length of the inner horizon instead of the event horizon. Here we show that the Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli solutions of the exotic 3D Einstein gravity (with parity-odd action but Einstein field equations) are exotic black holes, and we investigate their thermodynamics. The first and second laws of black hole thermodynamics still apply, and the entropy still has a statistical interpretation.

  14. The history of star formation in nearby dwarf galaxies

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Weisz, Daniel Ray

    2010-11-01

    We present detailed analysis of color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of resolved stellar populations in nearby dwarf galaxies based on observations taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). From the positions of individual stars on a CMD, we are able to derive the star formation histories (SFHs), i.e., the star formation rate (SFR) as a function of time and metallicity, of the observed stellar populations. Specifically, we apply this technique to a number of nearby dwarf galaxies to better understand the mechanisms driving their evolution. The ACS Nearby Galaxy Survey Treasury program (ANGST) provides multi-color photometry of resolved stars in ˜ 60 nearby dwarf galaxies from images taken with HST. This sample contains 12 dSph, 5 dwarf spiral, 28 dIrr, 12 dSph/dIrr (transition), and 3 tidal dwarf galaxies. The sample spans a range of ˜ 10 in MB and covers a wide range of environments, from highly interacting to truly isolated. From the best fit lifetime SFHs we find three significant results: (1) the average dwarf galaxy formed ˜ 60% of its stars by z ˜ 2 and 70% of its stars by z ˜ 1, regardless of morphological type, (2) the only statistically significant difference between the SFHs of different morphological types is within the most recent 1 Gyr (excluding tidal dwarf galaxies), and (3) the SFHs are complex and the mean values are inconsistent with simple SFH models, e.g., single epoch SF or constant SFH. We then present the recent ( ≲ 1 Gyr) SFHs of nine M81 Group Dwarf Galaxies. Comparing the SFHs, birthrate parameters, fraction of stars formed per time interval, and spatial distribution of stellar components as a function of luminosity, we find only minor differences in SF characteristics among the M81 Group dIs despite a wide range of physical properties. We extend our comparison to select dIs in the Local Group (LG), with similar quality photometry, and again find only minor differences in SF parameters. The lack of a clear trend in SF parameters over a wide range of diverse environments suggests that SF in low mass systems may be dominated by stochastic processes. The fraction of stars formed per time interval for an average M81 Group and LG dI is consistent with a constant SFH. However, individual galaxies can show significant departures from a constant SFH. Thus, we find this result underlines the importance of stochastic SF in dIs. Comparing the recent SFHs and spatial locations of young stars with observations of the neutral interstellar medium (HI), we are able to gain new insight into the physics of stellar 'feedback'. We first make this type of comparison in IC 2754, a luminous dwarf irregular galaxy in the M81 Group with a ˜ 1 kpc supergiant HI shell. We find two significant episodes of SF inside the SGS from 200--300 Myr and ˜ 25 Myr ago. Comparing the timing of the SF events to the dynamic age of the SGS and the energetics from the HI and SF, we find compelling evidence that stellar feedback is responsible for creating the SGS and triggering secondary SF around its rim. We then conduct an extensive analysis of HI holes in M81 Group dwarf irregular galaxy, Holmberg II. From the deep photometry, we construct the CMDs and measure the SFHs for stars contained in HI holes from two independent holes catalogs, as well as select control fields, i.e., similar sized regions that span a range of HI column densities. The CMDs reveal young (< 200 Myr) stellar populations inside all HI holes, which contain very few bright OB stars with ages less than 10 Myr, indicating they are not reliable tracers of HI hole locations while the recent SFHs confirm multiple episodes of star formation within most holes. Converting the recent SFHs into stellar feedback energies, we find that enough energy has been generated to have created all holes. However, the required energy is not always produced over a time scale that is less than the estimated kinematic age of the hole. A similar analysis of stars in the control fields finds that the stellar populations of the control fields and HI holes are statistically indistinguishable. However, because we are only sensitive to holes ˜ 100 pc in diameter, we cannot tell if there are smaller holes inside the control fields. The combination of the CMDs, recent SFHs, and locations of young stars shows that the stellar populations inside HI holes are not coherent, single-aged, stellar clusters, as previously suggested, but rather multi-age populations distributed across each hole. From a comparison of the modeled and observed integrated magnitudes, and the locations and energetics of stars inside of HI holes, we propose a potential new model: a viable mechanism for creating the observed HI holes in Ho II is stellar feedback from multiple generations of SF spread out over tens or hundreds of Myr, and thus, the concept of an age for an HI hole is intrinsically ambiguous. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

  15. Standard methods for open hole tension testing of textile composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Portanova, M. A.; Masters, J. E.

    1995-01-01

    Sizing effects have been investigated by comparing the open hole failure strengths of each of the four different braided architectures as a function of specimen thickness, hole diameter, and the ratio of specimen width to hole diameter. The data used to make these comparisons was primarily generated by Boeing. Direct comparisons of Boeing's results were made with experiments conducted at West Virginia University whenever possible. Indirect comparisons were made with test results for other 2-D braids and 3-D weaves tested by Boeing and Lockheed. In general, failure strength was found to decrease with increasing plate thickness, increase with decreasing hole size, and decreasing with decreasing width to diameter ratio. The interpretation of the sensitive to each of these geometrical parameters was complicated by scatter in the test data. For open hole tension testing of textile composites, the use of standard testing practices employed by industry, such as ASTM D5766 - Standard Test Method for Open Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates should provide adequate results for material comparisons studies.

  16. Charged scalar perturbations on charged black holes in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Burikham, Piyabut; Ponglertsakul, Supakchai; Tannukij, Lunchakorn

    2017-12-01

    We explore the quasistationary profile of a massive charged scalar field in a class of charged black holes in de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity. We discuss how the linear term in the metric, which is a unique character of the dRGT massive gravity, affects the structure of the spacetime. Numerical calculations of the quasinormal modes are performed for a charged scalar field in the dRGT black hole background. For an asymptotically de Sitter (dS) black hole, an improved asymptotic iteration method is used to obtain the associated quasinormal frequencies. The unstable modes are found for the ℓ=0 case, and their corresponding real parts satisfy the superradiant condition. For ℓ=2 , the results show that all the de Sitter black holes considered here are stable against a small perturbation. For an asymptotically dRGT anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole, unstable modes are found with the frequency satisfying the superradiant condition. Effects of massive-gravity parameters are discussed. Analytic calculation reveals the unique diffusive nature of quasinormal modes in the massive-gravity model with the linear term. Numerical results confirm the existence of the characteristic diffusive modes in both the dS and AdS cases.

  17. Electrically tunable hole g factor of an optically active quantum dot for fast spin rotations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Prechtel, Jonathan H.; Maier, Franziska; Houel, Julien; Kuhlmann, Andreas V.; Ludwig, Arne; Wieck, Andreas D.; Loss, Daniel; Warburton, Richard J.

    2015-04-01

    We report a large g factor tunability of a single hole spin in an InGaAs quantum dot via an electric field. The magnetic field lies in the in-plane direction x , the direction required for a coherent hole spin. The electrical field lies along the growth direction z and is changed over a large range, 100 kV/cm. Both electron and hole g factors are determined by high resolution laser spectroscopy with resonance fluorescence detection. This, along with the low electrical-noise environment, gives very high quality experimental results. The hole g factor ghx depends linearly on the electric field Fz,d ghx/d Fz=(8.3 ±1.2 ) ×10-4 cm/kV, whereas the electron g factor gex is independent of electric field d gex/d Fz=(0.1 ±0.3 ) ×10-4 cm/kV (results averaged over a number of quantum dots). The dependence of ghx on Fz is well reproduced by a 4 ×4 k .p model demonstrating that the electric field sensitivity arises from a combination of soft hole confining potential, an In concentration gradient, and a strong dependence of material parameters on In concentration. The electric field sensitivity of the hole spin can be exploited for electrically driven hole spin rotations via the g tensor modulation technique and based on these results, a hole spin coupling as large as ˜1 GHz can be envisaged.

  18. Triple points and phase diagrams in the extended phase space of charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes in AdS space

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wei, Shao-Wen; Liu, Yu-Xiao

    2014-08-01

    We study the triple points and phase diagrams in the extended phase space of the charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes in d-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, where the cosmological constant appears as a dynamical pressure of the system and its conjugate quantity is the thermodynamic volume of the black holes. Employing the equation of state T=T(v,P), we demonstrate that the information of the phase transition and behavior of the Gibbs free energy are potential encoded in the T-v (T-rh) line with fixed pressure P. We get the phase diagrams for the charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes with different values of the charge Q and dimension d. The result shows that the small/large black hole phase transitions appear for any d, which is reminiscent of the liquid/gas transition of a Van der Waals type. Moreover, the interesting thermodynamic phenomena, i.e., the triple points and the small/intermediate/large black hole phase transitions are observed for d=6 and Q ∈(0.1705,0.1946).

  19. Logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy: the non-BPS branch

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Castro, Alejandra; Godet, Victor; Larsen, Finn; Zeng, Yangwenxiao

    2018-05-01

    We compute the leading logarithmic correction to black hole entropy on the non-BPS branch of 4D N≥2 supergravity theories. This branch corresponds to finite temperature black holes whose extremal limit does not preserve supersymmetry, such as the D0 - D6 system in string theory. Starting from a black hole in minimal Kaluza-Klein theory, we discuss in detail its embedding into N=8 , 6, 4, 2 supergravity, its spectrum of quadratic fluctuations in all these environments, and the resulting quantum corrections. We find that the c-anomaly vanishes only when N≥6 , in contrast to the BPS branch where c vanishes for all N≥2 . We briefly discuss potential repercussions this feature could have in a microscopic description of these black holes.

  20. A black hole with torsion in 5D Lovelock gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cvetković, B.; Simić, D.

    2018-03-01

    We analyze static spherically symmetric solutions of five dimensional (5D) Lovelock gravity in the first order formulation. In the Riemannian sector, when torsion vanishes, the Boulware–Deser black hole represents a unique static spherically symmetric black hole solution for the generic choice of the Lagrangian parameters. We show that a special choice of the Lagrangian parameters, different from the Lovelock Chern–Simons gravity, leads to the existence of a static black hole solution with torsion, the metric of which is asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS). We calculate the conserved charges and thermodynamical quantities of this black hole solution.

  1. Parallelization of MRCI based on hole-particle symmetry.

    PubMed

    Suo, Bing; Zhai, Gaohong; Wang, Yubin; Wen, Zhenyi; Hu, Xiangqian; Li, Lemin

    2005-01-15

    The parallel implementation of multireference configuration interaction program based on the hole-particle symmetry is described. The platform to implement the parallelization is an Intel-Architectural cluster consisting of 12 nodes, each of which is equipped with two 2.4-G XEON processors, 3-GB memory, and 36-GB disk, and are connected by a Gigabit Ethernet Switch. The dependence of speedup on molecular symmetries and task granularities is discussed. Test calculations show that the scaling with the number of nodes is about 1.9 (for C1 and Cs), 1.65 (for C2v), and 1.55 (for D2h) when the number of nodes is doubled. The largest calculation performed on this cluster involves 5.6 x 10(8) CSFs.

  2. Multi-hole seismic modeling in 3-D space and cross-hole seismic tomography analysis for boulder detection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cheng, Fei; Liu, Jiangping; Wang, Jing; Zong, Yuquan; Yu, Mingyu

    2016-11-01

    A boulder stone, a common geological feature in south China, is referred to the remnant of a granite body which has been unevenly weathered. Undetected boulders could adversely impact the schedule and safety of subway construction when using tunnel boring machine (TBM) method. Therefore, boulder detection has always been a key issue demanded to be solved before the construction. Nowadays, cross-hole seismic tomography is a high resolution technique capable of boulder detection, however, the method can only solve for velocity in a 2-D slice between two wells, and the size and central position of the boulder are generally difficult to be accurately obtained. In this paper, the authors conduct a multi-hole wave field simulation and characteristic analysis of a boulder model based on the 3-D elastic wave staggered-grid finite difference theory, and also a 2-D imaging analysis based on first arrival travel time. The results indicate that (1) full wave field records could be obtained from multi-hole seismic wave simulations. Simulation results describe that the seismic wave propagation pattern in cross-hole high-velocity spherical geological bodies is more detailed and can serve as a basis for the wave field analysis. (2) When a cross-hole seismic section cuts through the boulder, the proposed method provides satisfactory cross-hole tomography results; however, when the section is closely positioned to the boulder, such high-velocity object in the 3-D space would impact on the surrounding wave field. The received diffracted wave interferes with the primary wave and in consequence the picked first arrival travel time is not derived from the profile, which results in a false appearance of high-velocity geology features. Finally, the results of 2-D analysis in 3-D modeling space are comparatively analyzed with the physical model test vis-a-vis the effect of high velocity body on the seismic tomographic measurements.

  3. Effects of Hole Length, Supply Plenum Geometry, and Freestream Turbulence on Film Cooling Performance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burd, Steven W.; Simon, Terrence W.; Thurman, Douglas (Technical Monitor)

    2000-01-01

    Experimental measurements are presented in this report to document the sensitivity of film cooling performance to the hole length and coolant delivery plenum geometry. Measurements with hot-wire anemometry detail velocity, local turbulence, and spectral distributions over the exit plane of film cooling holes and downstream of injection in the coolant-freestream interaction zone. Measurements of discharge coefficients and adiabatic effectiveness are also provided. Coolant is supplied to the film cooling holes by means of a large, open plenum and through plenums which force the coolant to approach the holes either co-current or counter-current to the freestream. A single row of film cooling holes with 35 degree-inclined streamwise at two coolant-to-freestream velocity ratios, 0.5 and 1.0, is investigated. The coolant-to-freestream density ratio is maintained in the range 0.96 to 1.0. Measurements were taken under high-freestream (FSTI = 12%) and low-freestream turbulence intensity (FSTI = 0.5%) conditions. The results document the effects of the hole L/D, coolant supply plenum geometry, velocity ratio, and FSTI. In general, hole L/D and the supply plenum geometry play influential roles in the film cooling performance. Hole L/D effects, however, are more pronounced. Film cooling performance is also dependent upon the velocity ratio and FSTI.

  4. Shape-optimization of round-to-slot holes for improving film cooling effectiveness on a flat surface

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Ying; Zhang, Jing-zhou; Wang, Chun-hua

    2018-01-01

    Single-objective optimization for improving adiabatic film cooling effectiveness is performed for single row of round-to-slot film cooling holes on a flat surface by using CFD analysis and surrogate approximation methods. Among the main geometric parameters, dimensionless hole-to-hole pitch (P/d) and slot length-to-diameter (l/d) are fixed as 2.4 and 2 respectively, and the other parameters (hole height-to-diameter ratio, slot width-to-diameter and inclination angle) are chosen as the design variables. Given a wide range of possible geometric variables, the geometric optimization of round-to-slot holes is carried out under two typical blowing ratios of M = 0.5 and M = 1.5 by selecting a spatially-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness between x/d = 2 and x/d = 12 as the objective function to be maximized. Radial basis function neural network is applied for constructing the surrogate model and then the optimal design point is searched by a genetic algorithm. It is revealed that the optimal round-to-slot hole is of converging feature under a low blowing ratio but of diffusing feature under a high blowing ratio. Further, the influence principle of optimal round-to-slot geometry on film cooling performance is illustrated according to the detailed flow and thermal behaviors.

  5. Shape-optimization of round-to-slot holes for improving film cooling effectiveness on a flat surface

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Ying; Zhang, Jing-zhou; Wang, Chun-hua

    2018-06-01

    Single-objective optimization for improving adiabatic film cooling effectiveness is performed for single row of round-to-slot film cooling holes on a flat surface by using CFD analysis and surrogate approximation methods. Among the main geometric parameters, dimensionless hole-to-hole pitch ( P/ d) and slot length-to-diameter ( l/ d) are fixed as 2.4 and 2 respectively, and the other parameters (hole height-to-diameter ratio, slot width-to-diameter and inclination angle) are chosen as the design variables. Given a wide range of possible geometric variables, the geometric optimization of round-to-slot holes is carried out under two typical blowing ratios of M = 0.5 and M = 1.5 by selecting a spatially-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness between x/ d = 2 and x/ d = 12 as the objective function to be maximized. Radial basis function neural network is applied for constructing the surrogate model and then the optimal design point is searched by a genetic algorithm. It is revealed that the optimal round-to-slot hole is of converging feature under a low blowing ratio but of diffusing feature under a high blowing ratio. Further, the influence principle of optimal round-to-slot geometry on film cooling performance is illustrated according to the detailed flow and thermal behaviors.

  6. 49 CFR 229.31 - Main reservoir tests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... chief mechanical officer may be drilled over its entire surface with telltale holes that are three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter. The holes shall be spaced not more than 12 inches apart, measured both... formula— D = (.6PR/S-0.6P) Where: D = extreme depth of telltale holes in inches but in no case less than...

  7. Extremal black holes, Stueckelberg scalars and phase transitions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marrani, Alessio; Miskovic, Olivera; Leon, Paula Quezada

    2018-02-01

    We calculate the entropy of a static extremal black hole in 4D gravity, non-linearly coupled to a massive Stueckelberg scalar. We find that the scalar field does not allow the black hole to be magnetically charged. We also show that the system can exhibit a phase transition due to electric charge variations. For spherical and hyperbolic horizons, the critical point exists only in presence of a cosmological constant, and if the scalar is massive and non-linearly coupled to electromagnetic field. On one side of the critical point, two extremal solutions coexist: Reissner-Nordström (A)dS black hole and the charged hairy (A)dS black hole, while on the other side of the critical point the black hole does not have hair. A near-critical analysis reveals that the hairy black hole has larger entropy, thus giving rise to a zero temperature phase transition. This is characterized by a discontinuous second derivative of the entropy with respect to the electric charge at the critical point. The results obtained here are analytical and based on the entropy function formalism and the second law of thermodynamics.

  8. Charged BTZ-like black hole solutions and the diffusivity-butterfly velocity relation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ge, Xian-Hui; Sin, Sang-Jin; Tian, Yu; Wu, Shao-Feng; Wu, Shang-Yu

    2018-01-01

    We show that there exists a class of charged BTZ-like black hole solutions in Lifshitz spacetime with a hyperscaling violating factor. The charged BTZ black hole is characterized by a charge-dependent logarithmic term in the metric function. As concrete examples, we give five such charged BTZ-like black hole solutions and the standard charged BTZ metric can be regarded as a special instance of them. In order to check the recent proposed universal relations between diffusivity and the butterfly velocity, we first compute the diffusion constants of the standard charged BTZ black holes and then extend our calculation to arbitrary dimension d, exponents z and θ. Remarkably, the case d = θ and z = 2 is a very special in that the charge diffusion D c is a constant and the energy diffusion D e might be ill-defined, but v B 2 τ diverges. We also compute the diffusion constants for the case that the DC conductivity is finite but in the absence of momentum relaxation.

  9. Standard Methods for Bolt-Bearing Testing of Textile Composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Portanova, M. A.; Masters, J. E.

    1995-01-01

    The response of three 2-D braided materials to bolt bearing loading was evaluated using data generated by Boeing Defense and Space Group in Philadelphia, PA. Three test methods, stabilized single shear, unstabilized single shear, and double shear, were compared. In general, these textile composites were found to be sensitive to bolt bearing test methods. The stabilized single shear method yielded higher strengths than the unstabilized single shear method in all cases. The double shear test method always produced the highest strengths but these results may be somewhat misleading. It is therefore recommended that standard material comparisons be made using the stabilized single shear test method. The effects of two geometric parameters, W/D and e/D, were also studied. An evaluation of the effect of the specimen width (W) to hole diameter (D) ratio concluded that bolt bearing responses were consistent with open hole tension results. A W/D ratio of 6 or greater should be maintained. The proximity of the hole to the specimen edge significantly affected strength. In all cases, strength was improved by increasing the ratio of the distance from the hole center to the specimen edge (e) to the hole diameter (D) above 2. An e/D ratio of 3 or greater is recommended.

  10. Quantum loop corrections of a charged de Sitter black hole

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Naji, J.

    2018-03-01

    A charged black hole in de Sitter (dS) space is considered and logarithmic corrected entropy used to study its thermodynamics. Logarithmic corrections of entropy come from thermal fluctuations, which play a role of quantum loop correction. In that case we are able to study the effect of quantum loop on black hole thermodynamics and statistics. As a black hole is a gravitational object, it helps to obtain some information about the quantum gravity. The first and second laws of thermodynamics are investigated for the logarithmic corrected case and we find that it is only valid for the charged dS black hole. We show that the black hole phase transition disappears in the presence of logarithmic correction.

  11. Experimental Investigation of Turbine Vane Heat Transfer for Alternative Fuels

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Nix, Andrew Carl

    The focus of this program was to experimentally investigate advanced gas turbine cooling schemes and the effects of and factors that contribute to surface deposition from particulate matter found in coal syngas exhaust flows on turbine airfoil heat transfer and film cooling, as well as to characterize surface roughness and determine the effects of surface deposition on turbine components. The program was a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary collaborative effort between aero-thermal and materials faculty researchers and the Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). The primary technical objectives of the program were to evaluate the effects of combustion of syngas fuelsmore » on heat transfer to turbine vanes and blades in land-based power generation gas turbine engines. The primary questions to be answered by this investigation were; What are the factors that contribute to particulate deposition on film cooled gas turbine components? An experimental program was performed in a high-temperature and pressure combustion rig at the DOE NETL; What is the effect of coal syngas combustion and surface deposition on turbine airfoil film cooling? Deposition of particulate matter from the combustion gases can block film cooling holes, decreasing the flow of the film coolant and the film cooling effectiveness; How does surface deposition from coal syngas combustion affect turbine surface roughness? Increased surface roughness can increase aerodynamic losses and result in decreased turbine hot section efficiency, increasing engine fuel consumption to maintain desired power output. Convective heat transfer is also greatly affected by the surface roughness of the airfoil surface; Is there any significant effect of surface deposition or erosion on integrity of turbine airfoil thermal barrier coatings (TBC) and do surface deposits react with the TBC in any way to decrease its thermal insulating capability? Spallation and erosion of TBC is a persistent problem in modern turbine engines; and What advancements in film cooling hole geometry and design can increase effectiveness of film cooling in turbines burning high-hydrogen coal syngas due to the higher heat loads and mass flow rates of the core flow? Experimental and numerical investigations of advanced cooling geometries that can improve resistance to surface deposition were performed. The answers to these questions were investigated through experimental measurements of turbine blade surface temperature and coolant coverage (via infrared camera images and thermocouples) and time-varying surface roughness in the NETL high-pressure combustion rig with accelerated, simulated surface deposition and advanced cooling hole concepts, coupled with detailed materials analysis and characterization using conventional methods of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), 3-D Surface Topography (using a 3-D stylus profilometer). Detailed surface temperatures and cooling effectiveness could not be measured due to issues with the NETL infrared camera system. In collaboration with faculty startup funding from the principal investigator, experimental and numerical investigations were performed of an advanced film cooling hole geometry, the anti-vortex hole (AVH), focusing on improving cooling effectiveness and decreasing the counter-rotating vortex of conventional cooling holes which can entrain mainstream particulate matter to the surface. The potential benefit of this program is in gaining a fundamental understanding of how the use of alternative fuels will effect the operation of modern gas turbine engines, providing valuable data for more effective cooling designs for future turbine systems utilizing alternative fuels.« less

  12. Stability of stationary-axisymmetric black holes in vacuum general relativity to axisymmetric electromagnetic perturbations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Prabhu, Kartik; Wald, Robert M.

    2018-01-01

    We consider arbitrary stationary and axisymmetric black holes in general relativity in (d +1) dimensions (with d ≥slant 3 ) that satisfy the vacuum Einstein equation and have a non-degenerate horizon. We prove that the canonical energy of axisymmetric electromagnetic perturbations is positive definite. This establishes that all vacuum black holes are stable to axisymmetric electromagnetic perturbations. Our results also hold for asymptotically de Sitter black holes that satisfy the vacuum Einstein equation with a positive cosmological constant. Our results also apply to extremal black holes provided that the initial perturbation vanishes in a neighborhood of the horizon.

  13. On hidden symmetries of extremal Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rasmussen, Jørgen

    2011-05-01

    It is well known that the Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black hole admits two linearly independent Killing vectors and possesses a hidden symmetry generated by a rank-2 Killing tensor. The near-horizon geometry of an extremal Kerr-NUT-AdS-dS black hole admits four linearly independent Killing vectors, and we show how the hidden symmetry of the black hole itself is carried over by means of a modified Killing-Yano potential which is given explicitly. We demonstrate that the corresponding Killing tensor of the near-horizon geometry is reducible as it can be expressed in terms of the Casimir operators formed by the four Killing vectors.

  14. Fibrinogen variant B[beta]D432A has normal polymerization but does not bind knob 'B'

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bowley, Sheryl R.; Lord, Susan T.; UNC)

    2009-10-23

    Fibrinogen residue B{beta}432Asp is part of hole 'b' that interacts with knob 'B,' whose sequence starts with Gly-His-Arg-Pro-amide (GHRP). Because previous studies showed B{beta}D432A has normal polymerization, we hypothesized that B{beta}432Asp is not critical for knob 'B' binding and that new knob-hole interactions would compensate for the loss of this Asp residue. To test this hypothesis, we solved the crystal structure of fragment D from B{beta}D432A. Surprisingly, the structure (rfD-B{beta}D432A+GH) showed the peptide GHRP was not bound to hole 'b.' We then re-evaluated the polymerization of this variant by examining clot turbidity, clot structure, and the rate of FXIIIa cross-linking.more » The turbidity and the rate of - dimer formation for B{beta}D432A were indistinguishable compared with normal fibrinogen. Scanning electron microscopy showed no significant differences between the clots of B{beta}D432A and normal, but the thrombin-derived clots had thicker fibers than clots obtained from batroxobin, suggesting that cleavage of FpB is more important than 'B:b' interactions. We conclude that hole 'b' and 'B:b' knob-hole binding per se have no influence on fibrin polymerization.« less

  15. Microstates of D1-D5(-P) black holes, as interacting D-branes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Morita, Takeshi; Shiba, Shotaro

    2015-07-01

    In our previous study (Morita et al., 2014 [1]), we figured out that the thermodynamics of the near extremal black p-branes can be explained as the collective motions of gravitationally interacting elementary p-branes (the p-soup proposal). We test this proposal in the near-extremal D1-D5 and D1-D5-P black holes and show that their thermodynamics also can be explained in a similar fashion, i.e. via the collective motions of the interacting elementary D1-branes and D5-branes (and waves). It may imply that the microscopic origins of these intersecting black branes and the black p-brane are explained in the unified picture. We also argue the relation between the p-soup proposal and the conformal field theory calculations of the D1-D5(-P) black holes in superstring theory.

  16. Body Doping Profile of Select Device to Minimize Program Disturbance in Three-Dimensional Stack NAND Flash Memory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Choe, Byeong-In; Park, Byung-Gook; Lee, Jong-Ho

    2013-06-01

    The program disturbance characteristic in the three-dimensional (3D) stack NAND flash was analyzed for the first time in terms of string select line (SSL) threshold voltage (Vth) and p-type body doping profile. From the edge word line (W/L) program disturbance, we can observe the boosted channel potential loss as a function of SSL Vth and body doping profile for SSL device. According to simulation work, a high Vth of the SSL device is required to suppress channel leakage during programming. When the body doping of the SSL device is high in the channel, there is a large band bending near the gate edge of the SSL adjacent to the edge W/L cell of boosted cell strings, which generates significantly electron-hole pairs. The generated electrons decreases the boosted channel potential, resulting in increase of program disturbance of the inhibit strings. Through optimization of the body doping profile of the SSL device, both channel leakage and the program disturbance are successfully suppressed for a highly reliable 3D stack NAND flash memory cell operation.

  17. Acceleration of the Fast Solar Wind by Solitary Waves in Coronal Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ofman, Leon

    2001-01-01

    The purpose of this investigation is to develop a new model for the acceleration of the fast solar wind by nonlinear. time-dependent multidimensional MHD simulations of waves in solar coronal holes. Preliminary computational studies indicate that nonlinear waves are generated in coronal holes by torsional Alfv\\'{e}n waves. These waves in addition to thermal conduction may contribute considerably to the accelerate the solar wind. Specific goals of this proposal are to investigate the generation of nonlinear solitary-like waves and their effect on solar wind acceleration by numerical 2.5D MHD simulation of coronal holes with a broad range of plasma and wave parameters; to study the effect of random disturbances at the base of a solar coronal hole on the fast solar wind acceleration with a more advanced 2.5D MHD model and to compare the results with the available observations; to extend the study to a full 3D MHD simulation of fast solar wind acceleration with a more realistic model of a coronal hole and solar boundary conditions. The ultimate goal of the three year study is to model the, fast solar wind in a coronal hole, based on realistic boundary conditions in a coronal hole near the Sun, and the coronal hole structure (i.e., density, temperature. and magnetic field geometry,) that will become available from the recently launched SOHO spacecraft.

  18. Acceleration of the Fast Solar Wind by Solitary Waves in Coronal Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ofman, Leon

    2000-01-01

    The purpose of this investigation is to develop a new model for the acceleration of the fast solar wind by nonlinear, time-dependent multidimensional MHD simulations of waves in solar coronal holes. Preliminary computational studies indicate that solitary-like waves are generated in coronal holes nonlinearly by torsional Alfven waves. These waves in addition to thermal conduction may contribute considerably to the accelerate the solar wind. Specific goals of this proposal are to investigate the generation of nonlinear solitary-like waves and their effect on solar wind acceleration by numerical 2.5D MHD simulation of coronal holes with a broad range of plasma and wave parameters; to study the effect of random disturbances at the base of a solar coronal hole on the fast solar wind acceleration with a more advanced 2.5D MHD model and to compare the results with the available observations; to extend the study to a full 3D MHD simulation of fast solar wind acceleration with a more realistic model of a coronal hole and solar boundary conditions. The ultimate goal of the three year study is to model the fast solar wind in a coronal hole, based on realistic boundary conditions in a coronal hole near the Sun, and the coronal hole structure (i.e., density, temperature, and magnetic field geometry) that will become available from the recently launched SOHO spacecraft.

  19. Municipal wastewater sludge as a sustainable bioresource in the United States.

    PubMed

    Seiple, Timothy E; Coleman, André M; Skaggs, Richard L

    2017-07-15

    Within the United States and Puerto Rico, publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) process 130.5 Gl/d (34.5 Bgal/d) of wastewater, producing sludge as a waste product. Emerging technologies offer novel waste-to-energy pathways through whole sludge conversion into biofuels. Assessing the feasibility, scalability and tradeoffs of various energy conversion pathways is difficult in the absence of highly spatially resolved estimates of sludge production. In this study, average wastewater solids concentrations and removal rates, and site specific daily average influent flow are used to estimate site specific annual sludge production on a dry weight basis for >15,000 POTWs. Current beneficial uses, regional production hotspots and feedstock aggregation potential are also assessed. Analyses indicate 1) POTWs capture 12.56 Tg/y (13.84 MT/y) of dry solids; 2) 50% are not beneficially utilized, and 3) POTWs can support seven regions that aggregate >910 Mg/d (1000 T/d) of sludge within a travel distance of 100 km. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

  20. Stereospecificity of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate dephosphorylation by a phytate-degrading enzyme of baker's yeast.

    PubMed

    Greiner, R; Alminger, M L; Carlsson, N G

    2001-05-01

    During food processing such as baking, phytate is dephosphorylated to produce degradation products, such as myo-inositol pentakis-, tetrakis-, tris-, bis-, and monophosphates. Certain myo-inositol phosphates have been proposed to have positive effects on human health. The position of the phosphate groups on the myo-inositol ring is thereby of great significance for their physiological functions. Using a combination of high-performance ion chromatography analysis and kinetic studies the stereospecificity of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate dephosphorylation by a phytate-degrading enzyme from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was established. The data demonstrate that the phytate-degrading enzyme from baker's yeast dephosphorylates myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in a stereospecific way by sequential removal of phosphate groups via D-Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P(5), D-Ins(1,2,5,6)P(4), D-Ins(1,2,6)P(3), D-Ins(1,2)P(2), to finally Ins(2)P (notation 3/4/5/6/1). Knowledge of the absolute stereochemical specificity of the baker's yeast phytase allows use of the enzyme to produce defined myo-inositol phosphates for kinetic and physiological studies.

  1. I. Jet Formation and Evolution Due to 3D Magnetic Reconnection

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    González-Avilés, J. J.; Guzmán, F. S.; Fedun, V.; Verth, G.; Shelyag, S.; Regnier, S.

    2018-04-01

    Using simulated data-driven, 3D resistive MHD simulations of the solar atmosphere, we show that 3D magnetic reconnection may be responsible for the formation of jets with the characteristics of Type II spicules. We numerically model the photosphere-corona region using the C7 equilibrium atmosphere model. The initial magnetic configuration is a 3D potential magnetic field, extrapolated up to the solar corona region from a dynamic realistic simulation of the solar photospheric magnetoconvection model that mimics the quiet-Sun. In this case, we consider a uniform and constant value of the magnetic resistivity of 12.56 Ω m. We have found that the formation of the jet depends on the Lorentz force, which helps to accelerate the plasma upward. Analyzing various properties of the jet dynamics, we found that the jet structure shows a Doppler shift close to regions with high vorticity. The morphology, the upward velocity covering a range up to 130 km s‑1, and the timescale formation of the structure between 60 and 90 s, are similar to those expected for Type II spicules.

  2. Toxoplasmosis in Israel, 1970--73: evaluation of laboratory data.

    PubMed

    Nishri, Z; Yoshpe-Purer, Y; Costin, C; Ever-Hadani, S; Swartz, T A

    1978-10-01

    Sera from 7,506 patients were examined for toxoplasma antibodies by the Sabin-Feldman dye test and the results were analyzed according to antibody level, by reason for referral, age and sex. Low antibody levels (less than 1:256) were found in 24.7% and significant titers (greater than or equal to 1:256), in 9.96%. The highest prevalence of significant antibody titers was in patients with lymphadenopathy (15.4%). The prevalence of significant titers was high in the age range of 5 to 19 years, whereas the prevalence of low titers rose with age. Toxoplasma antibodies were found in 29% of a control group of 554 apparently healthy adult women, but only in 2.7% was the titer significant.

  3. The Nearest Black Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Garcia, Michael R.; Oliversen, Ronald J. (Technical Monitor)

    2002-01-01

    The goal of this program is to study black holes, both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies. We aim to study both "stellar mass" x-ray binaries containing black holes (both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies), and super-massive black holes in nearby galaxies.

  4. The Nearest Black Hole

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Oliversen, Ronald (Technical Monitor); Garcia, Michael

    2005-01-01

    The goal of this program is to study black holes, both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies. We aim to study both 'stellar mass' x-ray binaries containing black holes (both in our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies), and super-massive black holes in nearby galaxies.

  5. Hawking radiation in a d-dimensional static spherically symmetric black hole surrounded by quintessence

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Chen Songbai; Wang Bin; Su Rukeng

    2008-06-15

    We present a solution of Einstein equations with quintessential matter surrounding a d-dimensional black hole, whose asymptotic structures are determined by the state of the quintessential matter. We examine the thermodynamics of this black hole and find that the mass of the black hole depends on the equation of state of the quintessence, while the first law is universal. Investigating the Hawking radiation in this black hole background, we observe that the Hawking radiation dominates on the brane in the low-energy regime. For different asymptotic structures caused by the equation of state of the quintessential matter surrounding the black hole,more » we learn that the influences by the state parameter of the quintessence on Hawking radiation are different.« less

  6. Hawking radiation power equations for black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mistry, Ravi; Upadhyay, Sudhaker; Ali, Ahmed Farag; Faizal, Mir

    2017-10-01

    We derive the Hawking radiation power equations for black holes in asymptotically flat, asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS) and asymptotically de Sitter (dS) black holes. This is done by using the greybody factor for these black holes. We observe that the radiation power equation for asymptotically flat black holes, corresponding to greybody factor at low frequency, depends on both the Hawking temperature and the horizon radius. However, for the greybody factors at asymptotic frequency, it only depends on the Hawking temperature. We also obtain the power equation for asymptotically AdS black holes both below and above the critical frequency. The radiation power equation for at asymptotic frequency is same for both Schwarzschild AdS and Reissner-Nordström AdS solutions and only depends on the Hawking temperature. We also discuss the power equation for asymptotically dS black holes at low frequency, for both even or odd dimensions.

  7. Black Hole in 3-D

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1999-11-30

    This three-dimensional illustration shows how the rotating space around a black hole twists up the magnetic field in the plasma falling toward the black hole. The black sphere at the center of the figure is the black hole itself. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04207

  8. Multiscale modeling for SiO2 atomic layer deposition for high-aspect-ratio hole patterns

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Miyano, Yumiko; Narasaki, Ryota; Ichikawa, Takashi; Fukumoto, Atsushi; Aiso, Fumiki; Tamaoki, Naoki

    2018-06-01

    A multiscale simulation model is developed for optimizing the parameters of SiO2 plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of high-aspect-ratio hole patterns in three-dimensional (3D) stacked memory. This model takes into account the diffusion of a precursor in a reactor, that in holes, and the adsorption onto the wafer. It is found that the change in the aperture ratio of the holes on the wafer affects the concentration of the precursor near the top of the wafer surface, hence the deposition profile in the hole. The simulation results reproduced well the experimental results of the deposition thickness for the various hole aperture ratios. By this multiscale simulation, we can predict the deposition profile in a high-aspect-ratio hole pattern in 3D stacked memory. The atomic layer deposition parameters for conformal deposition such as precursor feeding time and partial pressure of precursor for wafers with various hole aperture ratios can be estimated.

  9. Kuroshio Transport East of Taiwan and the Effect of Mesoscale Eddies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-09-30

    1 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Kuroshio Transport East of Taiwan and the Effect of...00-00-2013 to 00-00-2013 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Kuroshio Transport East of Taiwan and the Effect of Mesoscale Eddies 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b...COMPLETED In preparation for the field program, Vegan Mensah, a Ph.D. student from NTU, visited the Woods Hole Oceaongraphic Institution (WHOI) for two

  10. Kuroshio Transport East of Taiwan and the Effect of Mesoscale Eddies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-30

    1 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Kuroshio Transport East of Taiwan and the Effect of...2012 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2012 to 00-00-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Kuroshio Transport East of Taiwan and the Effect of...field program, Vegan Mensah, a Ph.D. student from NTU, visited the Woods Hole Oceaongraphic Institution (WHOI) for two weeks in March 2012. M. Andres

  11. Estimation of Ocean and Seabed Parameters and Processes Using Low Frequency Acoustic Signals

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-09-30

    were recently acquired under the DURIP program. 3. Finite Element Modeling of wave propagation: Doctoral student, Hui- Kwan Kim, is modeling wave...Delaware), Kevin Smith (Naval Postgraduate School), Dr. James F. Lynch and Dr. Y.-T. Lin (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution). Another graduate student...test was conducted in collaboration with ARL, UT (Preston Wilson, PI) in August, 2011 in Narragansett Bay and off Block Island. PhD student Hui- Kwan

  12. Helical edge states and fractional quantum Hall effect in a graphene electron-hole bilayer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sanchez-Yamagishi, Javier D.; Luo, Jason Y.; Young, Andrea F.; Hunt, Benjamin M.; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Ashoori, Raymond C.; Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo

    2017-02-01

    Helical 1D electronic systems are a promising route towards realizing circuits of topological quantum states that exhibit non-Abelian statistics. Here, we demonstrate a versatile platform to realize 1D systems made by combining quantum Hall (QH) edge states of opposite chiralities in a graphene electron-hole bilayer at moderate magnetic fields. Using this approach, we engineer helical 1D edge conductors where the counterpropagating modes are localized in separate electron and hole layers by a tunable electric field. These helical conductors exhibit strong non-local transport signals and suppressed backscattering due to the opposite spin polarizations of the counterpropagating modes. Unlike other approaches used for realizing helical states, the graphene electron-hole bilayer can be used to build new 1D systems incorporating fractional edge states. Indeed, we are able to tune the bilayer devices into a regime hosting fractional and integer edge states of opposite chiralities, paving the way towards 1D helical conductors with fractional quantum statistics.

  13. Charged black rings at large D

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Bin; Li, Peng-Cheng; Wang, Zi-zhi

    2017-04-01

    We study the charged slowly rotating black holes in the Einstein-Maxwell theory in the large dimensions ( D). By using the 1 /D expansion in the near regions of the black holes we obtain the effective equations for the charged slowly rotating black holes. The effective equations capture the dynamics of various stationary solutions, including the charged black ring, the charged slowly rotating Myers-Perry black hole and the charged slowly boosted black string. Via different embeddings we construct these stationary solutions explicitly. For the charged black ring at large D, we find that the charge lowers the angular momentum due to the regularity condition on the solution. By performing the perturbation analysis of the effective equations, we obtain the quasinormal modes of the charge perturbation and the gravitational perturbation analytically. Like the neutral case the charged thin black ring suffers from the Gregory-Laflamme-like instability under the non-axisymmetric perturbations, but the charge weakens the instability. Besides, we find that the large D analysis always respects the cosmic censorship.

  14. Kerr–anti-de Sitter/de Sitter black hole in perfect fluid dark matter background

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Zhaoyi; Hou, Xian; Wang, Jiancheng

    2018-06-01

    We obtain the Kerr–anti-de-sitter (Kerr–AdS) and Kerr–de-sitter (Kerr–dS) black hole (BH) solutions to the Einstein field equation in the perfect fluid dark matter background using the Newman–Janis method and Mathematica package. We discuss in detail the black hole properties and obtain the following main results: (i) From the horizon equation g rr   =  0, we derive the relation between the perfect fluid dark matter parameter α and the cosmological constant Λ when the cosmological horizon exists. For , we find that α is in the range for and for . For positive cosmological constant Λ (Kerr–AdS BH), decreases if , and increases if . For negative cosmological constant (Kerr–dS BH), increases if and decreases if ; (ii) An ergosphere exists between the event horizon and the outer static limit surface. The size of the ergosphere evolves oppositely for and , while decreasing with the increasing . When there is sufficient dark matter around the black hole, the black hole spacetime changes remarkably; (iii) The singularity of these black holes is the same as that of rotational black holes. In addition, we study the geodesic motion using the Hamilton–Jacobi formalism and find that when α is in the above ranges for , stable orbits exist. Furthermore, the rotational velocity of the black hole in the equatorial plane has different behaviour for different α and the black hole spin a. It is asymptotically flat and independent of α if while is asymptotically flat only when α is close to zero if . We anticipate that Kerr–Ads/dS black holes could exist in the universe and our future work will focus on the observational effects of the perfect fluid dark matter on these black holes.

  15. Large-D gravity and low-D strings.

    PubMed

    Emparan, Roberto; Grumiller, Daniel; Tanabe, Kentaro

    2013-06-21

    We show that in the limit of a large number of dimensions a wide class of nonextremal neutral black holes has a universal near-horizon limit. The limiting geometry is the two-dimensional black hole of string theory with a two-dimensional target space. Its conformal symmetry explains the properties of massless scalars found recently in the large-D limit. For black branes with string charges, the near-horizon geometry is that of the three-dimensional black strings of Horne and Horowitz. The analogies between the α' expansion in string theory and the large-D expansion in gravity suggest a possible effective string description of the large-D limit of black holes. We comment on applications to several subjects, in particular to the problem of critical collapse.

  16. Hole pairing and ground state properties of high-Tc superconductivity within the t-t'-J-V model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Roy, Krishanu; Pal, Papiya; Nath, Subhadip; Ghosh, Nanda Kumar

    2018-04-01

    The t-t'-J-V model, one of the realistic models for studying high-Tc cuprates, has been investigated to explore the hole pairing and other ground state properties using exact diagonalization (ED) technique with 2 holes in a small 8-site cluster. The role of next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) hopping and nearest-neighbor (NN) Coulomb repulsion has been considered. It appears that qualitative behavior of the ground state energies of an 8-site and 16- or 18-site cluster is similar. Results show that a small short-ranged antiferromagnetic (AF) correlation exists in the 2 hole case which is favored by large V/t. A superconducting phase emerges at 0 ≤ V/t ≤ 4J. Hole-hole correlation calculation also suggests that the two holes of the pair are either at |i - j| = 1 or √2. Negative t'/t suppresses the possibility of pairing of holes. Though s-wave pairing susceptibility is dominant, pairing correlation length calculation indicates that the long range pairing, which is suitable for superconductivity, is in the d-wave channel. Both s- and d-wave pairing susceptibility gets suppressed by V/t while d-(s-) wave susceptibility gets favored (suppressed) by t'/t. The charge gap shows a gapped behavior while a spin-gapless region exists at small V/t for finite t'/t.

  17. HOLEGAGE 1.0 - STRAIN GAGE HOLE DRILLING ANALYSIS PROGRAM

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hampton, R. W.

    1994-01-01

    There is no simple and perfect way to measure residual stresses in metal parts that have been welded or deformed to make complex structures such as pressure vessels and aircraft, yet these locked-in stresses can contribute to structural failure by fatigue and fracture. However, one proven and tested technique for determining the internal stress of a metal part is to drill a test hole while measuring the relieved strains around the hole, such as the hole-drilling strain gage method described in ASTM E 837. The program HOLEGAGE processes strain gage data and provides additional calculations of internal stress variations that are not obtained with standard E 837 analysis methods. The typical application of the technique uses a three gage rosette with a special hole-drilling fixture for drilling a hole through the center of the rosette to produce a hole with very small gage pattern eccentricity error. Another device is used to control the drilling and halt the drill at controlled depth steps. At each step, strains from all three strain gages are recorded. The influence coefficients used by HOLEGAGE to compute stresses from relieved hole strains were developed by published finite element method studies of thick plates for specific hole sizes and depths. The program uses a parabolic fit and an interpolating scheme to project the coefficients to other hole sizes and depths. Additionally, published experimental data are used to extend the coefficients to relatively thin plates. These influence coefficients are used to compute the stresses in the original part from the strain data. HOLEGAGE will compute interior planar stresses using strain data from each drilled hole depth layer. Planar stresses may be computed in three ways including: a least squares fit for a linear variation with depth, an integral method to give incremental stress data for each layer, or by a linear fit to the integral data (with some surface data points omitted) to predict surface stresses before strain gage sanding preparations introduced additional residual stresses. Options are included for estimating the effect of hole eccentricity on calculations, smoothing noise from the strain data, and inputting the program data either interactively or from a data file. HOLEGAGE was written in FORTRAN 77 for DEC VAX computers under VMS, and is transportable except for system-unique TIME and DATE system calls. The program requires 54K of main memory and was developed in 1990. The program is available on a 9-track 1600 BPI VAX BACKUP format magnetic tape (standard media) or a TK50 tape cartridge. The documentation is included on the tape. DEC VAX and VMS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation.

  18. Entanglement entropy of black holes and anti-de Sitter space/conformal-field-theory correspondence.

    PubMed

    Solodukhin, Sergey N

    2006-11-17

    A recent proposal by Ryu and Takayanagi for a holographic interpretation of entanglement entropy in conformal field theories dual to supergravity on anti-de Sitter space is generalized to include entanglement entropy of black holes living on the boundary of anti-de Sitter space. The generalized proposal is verified in boundary dimensions d=2 and d=4 for both the uv-divergent and uv-finite terms. In dimension d=4 an expansion of entanglement entropy in terms of size L of the subsystem outside the black hole is considered. A new term in the entropy of dual strongly coupled conformal-field theory, which universally grows as L(2)lnL and is proportional to the value of the obstruction tensor at the black hole horizon, is predicted.

  19. 2012 Problem 15: Frustrating Golf Ball

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Shan; Zhu, Zheyuan; Gao, Wenli; Wang, Sihui

    2015-10-01

    This paper studies the condition for a golf ball to escape from a hole. The two determining factors are the ball's initial velocity v0 and its deviation from the center of the hole d. There is a critical escaping velocity vc for every deviation d. The ball's motion is analyzed by calculating the change of velocity whenever the ball collides with the hole. The critical conditions predicted by our theory are verified through experiment.

  20. Synthesis, characterization and spectroscopic behavior of novel 2-oxo-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[h]quinoline-3-carbonitrile dyes.

    PubMed

    Khan, Salman A; Asiri, Abdullah M; Al-Thaqafy, Saad H; Faidallah, Hassan M; El-Daly, Samy A

    2014-12-10

    Two synthetic pathways were adopted to synthesize the target 2-oxo-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-benzo[h]quinoline-3-carbonitriles. Structure of the synthesized compounds has been characterized based on FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and elemental analyses. UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements provided that all compounds are good absorbent and fluorescent. Fluorescence polarity study demonstrated that these compounds were sensitive to the polarity of the microenvironment provided by different solvents. In addition, spectroscopic and physicochemical parameters, including singlet absorption, extinction coefficient, Stokes shift, oscillator strength and dipole moment were investigated in order to explore the analytical potential of synthesized compounds. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. Automated Detection and Closing of Holes in Aerial Point Clouds Using AN Uas

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fiolka, T.; Rouatbi, F.; Bender, D.

    2017-08-01

    3D terrain models are an important instrument in areas like geology, agriculture and reconnaissance. Using an automated UAS with a line-based LiDAR can create terrain models fast and easily even from large areas. But the resulting point cloud may contain holes and therefore be incomplete. This might happen due to occlusions, a missed flight route due to wind or simply as a result of changes in the ground height which would alter the swath of the LiDAR system. This paper proposes a method to detect holes in 3D point clouds generated during the flight and adjust the course in order to close them. First, a grid-based search for holes in the horizontal ground plane is performed. Then a check for vertical holes mainly created by buildings walls is done. Due to occlusions and steep LiDAR angles, closing the vertical gaps may be difficult or even impossible. Therefore, the current approach deals with holes in the ground plane and only marks the vertical holes in such a way that the operator can decide on further actions regarding them. The aim is to efficiently create point clouds which can be used for the generation of complete 3D terrain models.

  2. Increasing the Presence of Underrepresented Minorities in the Geosciences: The Woods Hole Partnership Education Program Model and Outcomes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    George, A.; Gutierrez, B.; Jearld, A.; Liles, G.; Scott, O.; Harden, B.

    2017-12-01

    Launched in 2009, the Partnership Education Program (PEP) is supported by six scientific institutions in Woods Hole, Massachusetts through the Woods Hole Diversity Initiative. PEP, which was shaped by experience with other diversity programs as well as input from scientists in Woods Hole, is designed to promote a diverse scientific community by recruiting talent from minority groups that are under-represented in marine and environmental sciences. Focused on college juniors and seniors with course work in marine and/or environmental sciences, PEP is comprised of a four-week course, "Ocean and Environmental Sciences: Global Climate Change," and a six to eight week individual research project under the guidance of a research mentor. Investigators from the six science institutions serve as course faculty and research mentors. Course credit is through PEP's academic partner, the University of Maryland Eastern Shore. PEP students also participate in seminars, workshops, field trips, at-sea experiences, career development activities, and attend lectures at participating science institutions throughout the summer. Students present their research results at the end of the summer with a 15-minute public presentation. A number of PEP participants then presented their work at professional and scientific meetings, such as AGU, using the program as a gateway to graduate education and career opportunities in the marine and environmental sciences. From 2009 through 2017, 138 students from 86 colleges and universities, including many that previously had sent few or no students or faculty to Woods Hole, have participated in the program. Participating organizations are: Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NOAA Fisheries), Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), Sea Education Association (SEA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC), and University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) - academic partner.

  3. Improving the -3 dB bandwidth of medium power GaN-based LEDs through periodic micro via-holes for visible light communications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Zheng; Yan, Bing; Teng, Dongdong; Liu, Lilin; Wang, Gang

    2017-06-01

    Medium power GaN-based light emitting diode (LED) chips with periodic micro via-holes are designed and fabricated. The active area of each chip is 200 μm×800 μm and the diameter of each micro via-hole is 50 μm. For comparison, an LED chip with only one big via-hole (Diameter=86.6 μm) is also fabricated under the same conditions as the control partner. Both kinds of LED chips have an equal effective PN junction area. Experimentally, the LED with periodic via-holes exhibits higher output optical power and the -3 dB modulation bandwidth by about 33% and 48%, respectively, than the LED with only one bigger via-hole. The method of concurrently improving modulation and optical performances of power-type LED chips through periodic micro via-holes take the advantages of easy fabrication, suitable for mass-production.

  4. Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots for Hole Extraction of Typical Planar Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells.

    PubMed

    Chen, Wei; Li, Kaiwen; Wang, Yao; Feng, Xiyuan; Liao, Zhenwu; Su, Qicong; Lin, Xinnan; He, Zhubing

    2017-02-02

    Black phosphorus, famous as two-dimensional (2D) materials, shows such excellent properties for optoelectronic devices such as tunable direct band gap, extremely high hole mobility (300-1000 cm 2 /(V s)), and so forth. In this Letter, facile processed black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) were successfully applied to enhance hole extraction at the anode side of the typical p-i-n planar hybrid perovskite solar cells, which remarkably improved the performance of devices with photon conversion efficiency ramping up from 14.10 to 16.69%. Moreover, more detailed investigations by c-AFM, SKPM, SEM, hole-only devices, and photon physics measurements discover further the hole extraction effect and work mechanism of the BPQDs, such as nucleation assistance for the growth of large grain size perovskite crystals, fast hole extraction, more efficient hole transfer, and suppression of energy-loss recombination at the anode interface. This work definitely paves the way for discovering more and more 2D materials with high electronic properties to be used in photovoltaics and optoelectronics.

  5. 43 CFR 3593.1 - Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    .... (d) When drilling on lands with potential for encountering high pressure oil, gas or geothermal... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...) EXPLORATION AND MINING OPERATIONS Bore Holes and Samples § 3593.1 Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...

  6. 43 CFR 3593.1 - Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    .... (d) When drilling on lands with potential for encountering high pressure oil, gas or geothermal... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...) EXPLORATION AND MINING OPERATIONS Bore Holes and Samples § 3593.1 Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...

  7. 43 CFR 3593.1 - Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    .... (d) When drilling on lands with potential for encountering high pressure oil, gas or geothermal... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...) EXPLORATION AND MINING OPERATIONS Bore Holes and Samples § 3593.1 Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...

  8. 43 CFR 3593.1 - Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    .... (d) When drilling on lands with potential for encountering high pressure oil, gas or geothermal... 43 Public Lands: Interior 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...) EXPLORATION AND MINING OPERATIONS Bore Holes and Samples § 3593.1 Core or test hole cores, samples, cuttings...

  9. On non-linear magnetic-charged black hole surrounded by quintessence

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nam, Cao H.

    2018-06-01

    We derive a non-linear magnetic-charged black hole surrounded by quintessence, which behaves asymptotically like the Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence but at the short distances like the dS geometry. The horizon properties of this black hole are investigated in detail. The thermodynamics of the black hole is studied in the local and global views. Finally, by calculating the heat capacity and the free energy, we point to that the black hole may undergo a thermal phase transition, between a larger unstable black hole and a smaller stable black hole, at a critical temperature.

  10. 2-D to 3-D global/local finite element analysis of cross-ply composite laminates

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Thompson, D. Muheim; Griffin, O. Hayden, Jr.

    1990-01-01

    An example of two-dimensional to three-dimensional global/local finite element analysis of a laminated composite plate with a hole is presented. The 'zoom' technique of global/local analysis is used, where displacements of the global/local interface from the two-dimensional global model are applied to the edges of the three-dimensional local model. Three different hole diameters, one, three, and six inches, are considered in order to compare the effect of hole size on the three-dimensional stress state around the hole. In addition, three different stacking sequences are analyzed for the six inch hole case in order to study the effect of stacking sequence. The existence of a 'critical' hole size, where the interlaminar stresses are maximum, is indicated. Dispersion of plies at the same angle, as opposed to clustering, is found to reduce the magnitude of some interlaminar stress components and increase others.

  11. Self-trapping of holes in p-type oxides: Theory for small polarons in MnO

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peng, Haowei; Lany, Stephan

    2012-02-01

    Employing the p-d repulsion to increase the valence band dispersion and the energy of the VBM is an important design principle for p-type oxides, as manifested in prototypical p-type oxides like Cu2O or CuAlO2 which show a strong Cu-d/O-p interaction. An alternative opportunity to realize this design principle occurs for Mn(+II) compounds, where the p-d orbital interaction occurs dominantly in the fully occupied d^5 majority spin direction of Mn. However, the ability of Mn to change the oxidation state from +II to +III can lead to a small polaron mechanism for hole transport which hinders p-type conductivity. This work addresses the trends of hole self-trapping for MnO between octahedral (rock-salt structure) and tetrahedral coordination (zinc-blende structure). We employ an on-site hole-state potential so to satisfy the generalized Koopmans condition. This approach avoids the well-known difficulty of density-functional calculations to describe correctly the localization of polaronic states, and allows to quantitatively predict the self-trapping energies. We find that the tetrahedrally coordinated Mn is less susceptible to hole self-trapping than the octahedrally coordinated Mn.

  12. Notes on the 1978 summer study program on dynamo models of geomagnetism in geophysical fluid dynamics at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Technical report

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Malkus, W.V.R.; Thayer, M.

    1978-11-01

    This volume contains the manuscripts of research lectures by the eleven fellows of the summer program. Five of the lectures overlap significantly with the central summer theme of geomagnetism. The other six lectures cover a broad range of current G.F.D. topics from collective instability to strange attractors. Several of these research efforts are quite polished and probably will appear in journals soon. The middle half represent reports of sound progress on studies of thesis calibre. A few of the lectures report on only the very first consequences of a novel idea.

  13. Assessment of the Effect of Blast Hole Diameter on the Number of Oversize Boulders Using ANN Model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dhekne, Prakash; Pradhan, Manoj; Jade, Ravi Krishnarao

    2016-04-01

    Now-a-days, blasts are planned using large diameter blast holes. The loading density (kg/m) and subsequently the energy available for the breakage of the rockmass increase with the diameter. The in-hole velocity of detonation (VoD) of non-ideal explosive also boosts up with the increase in diameter till the optimum diameter is reached. The increase in the energy content and in-hole VoD cause a sizable effect on the rock fragmentation. The effect can be assessed by counting the number of oversize boulders. This paper explains as to how the technique of artificial neural network modeling was used to predict the number of oversize boulders resulting from ANFO and SME blasts with blast holes of different diameters. The results from ANFO blasts indicated that there was no significant variation in the number of oversize boulders with the diameter whereas a perceptible variation was noticed in case of SME blasts with the change in the diameter. The change in the number of oversize boulders in ANFO blasts was negligible because mean energy factor remained almost same even when the diameter of the blast holes was altered. The decrease in the number of oversize boulders in SME blasts was on account of increase in mean energy factor when the blast hole diameter was increased. The increase in the in-hole VoD due to increase in the diameter of the hole was not found to have an effect on the generation of oversize boulders as this increase was not substantial both in SME and ANFO blasts.

  14. Strain-Induced Anisotropic Fermi Contour of 2D Holes and Composite Fermions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jo, Insun; Rosales, K. A. V.; Mueed, M. A.; Padmanabhan, M.; Pfeiffer, L. N.; West, K. W.; Baldwin, K. W.; Winkler, R.; Shayegan, M.

    We present experimental and theoretical results demonstrating strain-induced Fermi contour anisotropy of two-dimensional (2D) holes and composite fermions (CFs) confined to a (001) GaAs quantum well. We apply a tunable uniaxial strain to a thinned (001) GaAs wafer, glued to a piezoelectric actuator. When the 2D holes are subjected to an in-plane uniaxial strain, their band structure and Fermi contour become anisotropic by about 30% even for a minute amount of strain, on the order of 10-4. Via measurements of commensurability oscillations, we determine the Fermi contour anisotropy for holes near zero magnetic field, and for CFs at high magnetic fields, as a function of uniaxial strain. The measured Fermi contour anisotropy of holes is consistent with the calculation results. The observed CF Fermi contour anisotropy also shows a strong dependence on the applied strain, which we compare quantitatively to that of the low-field holes. Supported by the NSF(Grants DMR-1305691, ECCS-1508925, and MRSEC DMR-1420541), the DOE Basic Energy Sciences (DE-FG02-00-ER45841), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF4420), and the Keck Foundation. R. W. is supported by the NSF (DMR-1310199).

  15. Evidence for Weakly Correlated Oxygen Holes in the Highest-Tc Cuprate Superconductor HgBa2 Ca2 Cu3 O8 +δ

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chainani, A.; Sicot, M.; Fagot-Revurat, Y.; Vasseur, G.; Granet, J.; Kierren, B.; Moreau, L.; Oura, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Tokura, Y.; Malterre, D.

    2017-08-01

    We study the electronic structure of HgBa2 Ca2 Cu3 O8 +δ (Hg1223; Tc=134 K ) using photoemission spectroscopy (PES) and x -ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Resonant valence band PES across the O K edge and Cu L edge identifies correlation satellites originating in O 2 p and Cu 3 d two-hole final states, respectively. Analyses using the experimental O 2 p and Cu 3 d partial density of states show quantitatively different on-site Coulomb energy for the Cu site (Ud d=6.5 ±0.5 eV ) and O site (Up p=1.0 ±0.5 eV ). Cu2 O7 -cluster calculations with nonlocal screening explain the Cu 2 p core level PES and Cu L -edge XAS spectra, confirm the Ud d and Up p values, and provide evidence for the Zhang-Rice singlet state in Hg1223. In contrast to other hole-doped cuprates and 3 d -transition metal oxides, the present results indicate weakly correlated oxygen holes in Hg1223.

  16. Searching for Black Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Garica, M.

    2001-01-01

    In 1995 we proposed to carry out ground-based observations in order to securely identify stellar mass black holes in our galaxy. This type 4 proposal under NASA's UV, Visible, and Gravitational Astrophysics program compliments NASA's space-based research by following up black hole candidates found and studied with space-based observatories, in order to determine if they are indeed black holes. While our primary goal is to securely identify black holes by measuring their masses, a secondary goal is identifying unique visible-range signatures for black holes.

  17. Origins of hole traps in hydrogenated nanocrystalline and amorphous silicon revealed through machine learning

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mueller, Tim; Johlin, Eric; Grossman, Jeffrey C.

    2014-03-01

    Genetic programming is used to identify the structural features most strongly associated with hole traps in hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon with very low crystalline volume fraction. The genetic programming algorithm reveals that hole traps are most strongly associated with local structures within the amorphous region in which a single hydrogen atom is bound to two silicon atoms (bridge bonds), near fivefold coordinated silicon (floating bonds), or where there is a particularly dense cluster of many silicon atoms. Based on these results, we propose a mechanism by which deep hole traps associated with bridge bonds may contribute to the Staebler-Wronski effect.

  18. 49 CFR 230.72 - Testing main reservoirs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... drilled over its entire surface with telltale holes that are 3/16 of an inch in diameter. The holes shall...)) Where: D = Extreme depth of telltale holes in inches but in no case less than one-sixteenth inch; P...; and R = inside radius of the reservoir in inches. (2) One row of holes shall be drilled lengthwise of...

  19. Polymerization-Defective Fibrinogen Variant gammaD364A Binds Knob “A” Peptide Mimic

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bowley,S.; Merenbloom, B.; Heroux, A.

    2008-01-01

    Fibrin polymerization is supported in part by interactions called 'A:a'. Crystallographic studies revealed ?364Asp is part of hole 'a' that interacts with knob 'A' peptide mimic, GPRP. Biochemical studies have shown ?364Asp is critical to polymerization, as polymerization of variants ?D364A, ?D364H, and ?D364V is exceptionally impaired. To understand the molecular basis for the aberrant function, we solved the crystal structure of fragment D from ?D364A. Surprisingly, the structure (rfD-?D364A+GP) showed near normal 'A:a' interactions with GPRP bound to hole 'a' and no change in the overall structure of ?D364A. Of note, inspection of the structure showed negative electrostatic potentialmore » inside hole 'a' was diminished by this substitution. We examined GPRP binding to the ?364Asp variants in solution by plasmin protection assay. We found no protection of either ?D364H or ?D364V but partial protection of ?D364A, indicating the peptide does not bind to either ?D364H or ?D364V and binds more weakly than normal to ?D364A. We also examined protection by calcium and found all variants were indistinguishable from normal, suggesting the global structures of the variants are not markedly different from normal. Our data imply that ?364Asp per se is not required for knob 'A' binding to hole 'a'; rather, this residue's negative charge has a critical role in the electrostatic interactions that facilitate the important first step in fibrin polymerization.« less

  20. Dynamical Formation Signatures of Black Hole Binaries in the First Detected Mergers by LIGO

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Leary, Ryan M.; Meiron, Yohai; Kocsis, Bence

    2016-06-01

    The dynamical formation of stellar-mass black hole-black hole binaries has long been a promising source of gravitational waves for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). Mass segregation, gravitational focusing, and multibody dynamical interactions naturally increase the interaction rate between the most massive black holes in dense stellar systems, eventually leading them to merge. We find that dynamical interactions, particularly three-body binary formation, enhance the merger rate of black hole binaries with total mass M tot roughly as \\propto {M}{{tot}}β , with β ≳ 4. We find that this relation holds mostly independently of the initial mass function, but the exact value depends on the degree of mass segregation. The detection rate of such massive black hole binaries is only further enhanced by LIGO’s greater sensitivity to massive black hole binaries with M tot ≲ 80 {M}⊙ . We find that for power-law BH mass functions dN/dM ∝ M -α with α ≤ 2, LIGO is most likely to detect black hole binaries with a mass twice that of the maximum initial black hole mass and a mass ratio near one. Repeated mergers of black holes inside the cluster result in about ˜5% of mergers being observed between two and three times the maximum initial black hole mass. Using these relations, one may be able to invert the observed distribution to the initial mass function with multiple detections of merging black hole binaries.

  1. Complexity growth in minimal massive 3D gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Qaemmaqami, Mohammad M.

    2018-01-01

    We study the complexity growth by using "complexity =action " (CA) proposal in the minimal massive 3D gravity (MMG) model which is proposed for resolving the bulk-boundary clash problem of topologically massive gravity (TMG). We observe that the rate of the complexity growth for Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole saturates the proposed bound by physical mass of the BTZ black hole in the MMG model, when the angular momentum parameter and the inner horizon of black hole goes to zero.

  2. Model based Inverse Methods for Sizing Cracks of Varying Shape and Location in Bolt hole Eddy Current (BHEC) Inspections (Postprint)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-02-10

    using bolt hole eddy current (BHEC) techniques. Data was acquired for a wide range of crack sizes and shapes, including mid- bore , corner and through...to select the most appropriate VIC-3D surrogate model for subsequent crack sizing inversion step. Inversion results for select mid- bore , through and...the flaw. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Bolt hole eddy current (BHEC); mid- bore , corner and through-thickness crack types; VIC-3D generated surrogate models

  3. Linear-Elastic 2D and 3D Finite Element Contact Analysis of a Hole Containing a Circular Insert in a Fatigue Test Coupon

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-07-01

    circular hole in an aluminium plate fitted with a titanium fastener that were computed using two-dimensional finite element contact analysis. By...used to validate the contact stress distributions associated with a circular hole in an aluminium plate fitted with a titanium fastener that were...fatigue life and aircraft structural integrity management of RAAF airframes. An aluminium coupon has been previously designed in support of the

  4. Porosity estimates on basaltic basement samples using the neutron absorption cross section (Σ): Implications for fluid flow and alteration of the oceanic crust

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Reichow, M. K.; Brewer, T. S.; Marvin, L. G.; Lee, S. V.

    2008-12-01

    Little information presently exists on the heterogeneity of hydrothermal alteration in the oceanic crust or the variability of the associated thermal, fluid, and chemical fluxes. Formation porosities are important controls on these fluxes and porosity measurements are routinely collected during wireline logging operations. These estimates on the formation porosity are measures of the moderating power of the formation in response to bombardment by neutrons. The neutron absorption macroscopic cross-section (Σ = σρ) is a representation of the ability of the rock to slow down neutrons, and as such can be used to invert the porosity of a sample. Boron, lithium and other trace elements are important controls on σ-values, and the distribution of these is influenced by secondary low-temperature alteration processes. Consequently, computed σ-values may be used to discriminate between various basalt types and to identify areas of secondary alteration. Critical in this analysis is the degree of alteration, since elements such as B and Li can dramatically affect the sigma value and leading to erroneous porosity values. We analysed over 150 'pool-samples' for S, Li, Be and B element concentrations to estimate their contribution to the measured neutron porosity. These chemical analyses allow the calculation of the model sigma values for individual samples. Using a range of variably altered samples recovered during IODP Expeditions 309 and 312 we provide bulk estimates of alteration within the drilled section using the measured neutron porosity. B concentration in Hole 1256D increases with depth, with sharp rises at 959 and 1139 mbsf. Elevated wireline neutron porosities cannot always be directly linked with high B content. However, our preliminary results imply that increased neutron porosity (~15) at depths below 1100 mbsf may reflect hydrothermal alteration rather than formation porosity. This interpretation is supported when compared with generally lower computed porosity estimates derived from resistivity measurements for the same intervals.

  5. 36 CFR 1256.1 - What does this part cover?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... and to records in the physical custody of the Federal records centers. This part applies to records... Representatives, and Architect of the Capitol records except for the purpose of directing mandatory review...

  6. Ethyl 4-anilino-2,6-bis­(4-chloro­phen­yl)-1-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetra­hydro­pyridine-3-carboxyl­ate

    PubMed Central

    Yu, Jianfeng; Tang, Shiming; Zeng, Jingbin; Yan, Zifeng

    2013-01-01

    The title compound, C32H28Cl2N2O2, was synthesized by a multicomponent reaction of 4-chloro­benzaldehyde, aniline and ethyl aceto­acetate. The central 1,2,5,6-tetra­hydro­pyridine ring exhibits a distorted boat conformation and the two chloro­phenyl rings attached to the central ring at positions 2 and 6 are oriented in opposite directions. The two O atoms of the eth­oxy­carbonyl group are involved in intra­molecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules related by translation along the b axis into chains. PMID:23795109

  7. Numerical study on characteristic of two-dimensional metal/dielectric photonic crystals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zong, Yi-Xin; Xia, Jian-Bai; Wu, Hai-Bin

    2017-04-01

    An improved plan-wave expansion method is adopted to theoretically study the photonic band diagrams of two-dimensional (2D) metal/dielectric photonic crystals. Based on the photonic band structures, the dependence of flat bands and photonic bandgaps on two parameters (dielectric constant and filling factor) are investigated for two types of 2D metal/dielectric (M/D) photonic crystals, hole and cylinder photonic crystals. The simulation results show that band structures are affected greatly by these two parameters. Flat bands and bandgaps can be easily obtained by tuning these parameters and the bandgap width may reach to the maximum at certain parameters. It is worth noting that the hole-type photonic crystals show more bandgaps than the corresponding cylinder ones, and the frequency ranges of bandgaps also depend strongly on these parameters. Besides, the photonic crystals containing metallic medium can obtain more modulation of photonic bands, band gaps, and large effective refractive index, etc. than the dielectric/dielectric ones. According to the numerical results, the needs of optical devices for flat bands and bandgaps can be met by selecting the suitable geometry and material parameters. Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB922200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 605210010).

  8. Research on the Perforating Algorithm Based on STL Files

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yuchuan, Han; Xianfeng, Zhu; Yunrui, Bai; Zhiwen, Wu

    2018-04-01

    In the process of making medical personalized external fixation brace, the 3D data file should be perforated to increase the air permeability and reduce the weight. In this paper, a perforating algorithm for 3D STL file is proposed, which can perforate holes, hollow characters and engrave decorative patterns on STL files. The perforating process is composed of three steps. Firstly, make the imaginary space surface intersect with the STL model, and reconstruct triangles at the intersection. Secondly, delete the triangular facets inside the space surface and make a hole on the STL model. Thirdly, triangulate the inner surface of the hole, and thus realize the perforating. Choose the simple space equations such as cylindrical and rectangular prism equations as perforating equations can perforate round holes and rectangular holes. Through the combination of different holes, lettering, perforating decorative patterns and other perforated results can be accomplished. At last, an external fixation brace and an individual pen container were perforated holes using the algorithm, and the expected results were reached, which proved the algorithm is feasible.

  9. Two-dimensional photonic crystal arrays for polymer:fullerene solar cells.

    PubMed

    Nam, Sungho; Han, Jiyoung; Do, Young Rag; Kim, Hwajeong; Yim, Sanggyu; Kim, Youngkyoo

    2011-11-18

    We report the application of two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) array substrates for polymer:fullerene solar cells of which the active layer is made with blended films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The 2D PC array substrates were fabricated by employing a nanosphere lithography technique. Two different hole depths (200 and 300 nm) were introduced for the 2D PC arrays to examine the hole depth effect on the light harvesting (trapping). The optical effect by the 2D PC arrays was investigated by the measurement of optical transmittance either in the direction normal to the substrate (direct transmittance) or in all directions (integrated transmittance). The results showed that the integrated transmittance was higher for the 2D PC array substrates than the conventional planar substrate at the wavelengths of ca. 400 nm, even though the direct transmittance of 2D PC array substrates was much lower over the entire visible light range. The short circuit current density (J(SC)) was higher for the device with the 2D PC array (200 nm hole depth) than the reference device. However, the device with the 2D PC array (300 nm hole depth) showed a slightly lower J(SC) value at a high light intensity in spite of its light harvesting effect proven at a lower light intensity.

  10. Long-Term Comparison of Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens With and Without a Central Hole (Hole ICL and Conventional ICL) Implantation for Moderate to High Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism: Consort-Compliant Article.

    PubMed

    Shimizu, Kimiya; Kamiya, Kazutaka; Igarashi, Akihito; Kobashi, Hidenaga

    2016-04-01

    The study shows a promising next-generation surgical option for the correction of moderate to high ametropia. Hole implantable collamer lens (ICL), STAAR Surgical, is a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens with a central artificial hole. As yet, however, no long-term comparison of the clinical results of the implantation of ICLs with and without such a hole has hitherto been conducted. A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was carried out in order to compare the long-term clinical outcomes of the implantation, in such eyes, of ICLs with and without a central artificial hole.Examinations were conducted of the 64 eyes of 32 consecutive patients with spherical equivalents of -7.53 ± 2.39 diopters (D) (mean ± standard deviation) in whom implantation of a Hole ICL was performed in 1 eye, and that of a conventional ICL was carried out in the other, by randomized assignment. Before 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1, 3, and 5 years after surgery, the safety, efficacy, predictability, stability, intraocular pressure, endothelial cell density, and adverse events of the 2 surgical techniques were assessed and compared over time.The measurements of LogMAR uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity 5 years postoperatively were -0.17 ± 0.14 and -0.24 ± 0.08 in the Hole ICL group, and -0.16 ± 0.10 and -0.25 ± 0.08 in the conventional ICL group. In these 2 groups, 96% and 100% of eyes, respectively, were within 1.0 D of the targeted correction 5 years postoperatively. Manifest refraction changed by -0.17 ± 0.41 D and -0.10 ± 0.26 D occurred in from 1 month to 5 years in the Hole and conventional ICL groups, respectively. Only 1 eye (3.1%), which was in the conventional ICL group, developed an asymptomatic anterior subcapsular cataract.Both Hole and conventional ICLs corrected of ametropia successfully throughout the 5-year observation period. It appears likely that the presence of the central hole does not significantly affect these visual and refractive outcomes. UMIN000018771.

  11. Critical behaviors and phase transitions of black holes in higher order gravities and extended phase spaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sherkatghanad, Zeinab; Mirza, Behrouz; Mirzaiyan, Zahra; Mansoori, Seyed Ali Hosseini

    We consider the critical behaviors and phase transitions of Gauss-Bonnet-Born-Infeld-AdS black holes (GB-BI-AdS) for d = 5, 6 and the extended phase space. We assume the cosmological constant, Λ, the coupling coefficient α, and the BI parameter β to be thermodynamic pressures of the system. Having made these assumptions, the critical behaviors are then studied in the two canonical and grand canonical ensembles. We find “reentrant and triple point phase transitions” (RPT-TP) and “multiple reentrant phase transitions” (multiple RPT) with increasing pressure of the system for specific values of the coupling coefficient α in the canonical ensemble. Also, we observe a reentrant phase transition (RPT) of GB-BI-AdS black holes in the grand canonical ensemble and for d = 6. These calculations are then expanded to the critical behavior of Born-Infeld-AdS (BI-AdS) black holes in the third-order of Lovelock gravity and in the grand canonical ensemble to find a van der Waals (vdW) behavior for d = 7 and a RPT for d = 8 for specific values of potential ϕ in the grand canonical ensemble. Furthermore, we obtain a similar behavior for the limit of β →∞, i.e. charged-AdS black holes in the third-order of the Lovelock gravity. Thus, it is shown that the critical behaviors of these black holes are independent of the parameter β in the grand canonical ensemble.

  12. Continental Scientific Drilling Program Data Base

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pawloski, Gayle

    The Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CSDP) data base at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is a central repository, cataloguing information from United States drill holes. Most holes have been drilled or proposed by various federal agencies. Some holes have been commercially funded. This data base is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of t he Department of Energy (OBES/DOE) to serve the entire scientific community. Through the unrestricted use of the database, it is possible to reduce drilling costs and maximize the scientific value of current and planned efforts of federal agencies and industry by offering the opportunity for add-on experiments and supplementing knowledge with additional information from existing drill holes.

  13. Black hole thermalization, D0 brane dynamics, and emergent spacetime

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Riggins, Paul; Sahakian, Vatche

    2012-08-01

    When matter falls past the horizon of a large black hole, the expectation from string theory is that the configuration thermalizes and the information in the probe is rather quickly scrambled away. The traditional view of a classical unique spacetime near a black hole horizon conflicts with this picture. The question then arises as to what spacetime does the probe actually see as it crosses a horizon, and how does the background geometry imprint its signature onto the thermal properties of the probe. In this work, we explore these questions through an extensive series of numerical simulations of D0 branes. We determine that the D0 branes quickly settle into an incompressible symmetric state—thermalized within a few oscillations through a process driven entirely by internal nonlinear dynamics. Surprisingly, thermal background fluctuations play no role in this mechanism. Signatures of the background fields in this thermal state arise either through fluxes, i.e. black hole hair; or if the probe expands to the size of the horizon—which we see evidence of. We determine simple scaling relations for the D0 branes’ equilibrium size, time to thermalize, lifetime, and temperature in terms of their number, initial energy, and the background fields. Our results are consistent with the conjecture that black holes are the fastest scramblers as seen by matrix theory.

  14. Analytical approximation for the Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet black hole metric

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kokkotas, K. D.; Konoplya, R. A.; Zhidenko, A.

    2017-09-01

    We construct an analytical approximation for the numerical black hole metric of P. Kanti et al. [Phys. Rev. D 54, 5049 (1996), 10.1103/PhysRevD.54.5049] in the four-dimensional Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet (EdGB) theory. The continued fraction expansion in terms of a compactified radial coordinate, used here, converges slowly when the dilaton coupling approaches its extremal values, but for a black hole far from the extremal state, the analytical formula has a maximal relative error of a fraction of one percent already within the third order of the continued fraction expansion. The suggested analytical representation of the numerical black hole metric is relatively compact and a good approximation in the whole space outside the black hole event horizon. Therefore, it can serve in the same way as an exact solution when analyzing particles' motion, perturbations, quasinormal modes, Hawking radiation, accreting disks, and many other problems in the vicinity of a black hole. In addition, we construct the approximate analytical expression for the dilaton field.

  15. Formation of 2D-PhCs with missing holes based on Si-layers by EBL

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Utkin, D. E.; Shklyev, A. A.; Tsarev, A. V.; Latyshev, A. V.

    2017-11-01

    The fabrication of the periodic structures, that is two-dimensional photonic crystals (2D PhCs) based on Si-materials by electron beam lithography (EBL) technique has been studied. We have investigated basic lithography processes such as designing, exposition, development, etching and others. The developed top-down approach allows close-packed arrays of elements and holes to be formed in nanometre range. This can be used to produce 2D PhCs with emitting micro-cavities (missing holes) with lateral size parameters with an accuracy of about 2% in the Si (100) substrate and in silicon-on-insulator structures. Such accuracy is expected to be sufficient for obtaining the cavities-coupling radiation interference from large areas of 2D PhCs.

  16. 36 CFR 1256.92 - What is the purpose of this subpart?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Distribution of United States Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United... public to inspect and obtain copies of USIA audiovisual records and other materials in the United States...

  17. 36 CFR 1256.90 - What does this subpart cover?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Distribution of United States Information Agency Audiovisual Materials in the National Archives of the United... availability of audiovisual records and other materials subject to 22 U.S.C. 1461(b) that have been transferred...

  18. 36 CFR 1256.48 - Information about internal agency rules and practices.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... states or assesses an agency's vulnerability to outside interference or harm. NARA withholds records that... describing specific measures that can be used to counteract such agency vulnerabilities. (b) The Archivist of...

  19. 36 CFR § 1256.24 - How long may access to some records be denied?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... RECORDS ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AVAILABILITY AND USE ACCESS TO RECORDS AND DONATED HISTORICAL MATERIALS... of the records in which you are interested available. In the case of electronic structured databases...

  20. Plasma electron hole kinematics. II. Hole tracking Particle-In-Cell simulation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zhou, C.; Hutchinson, I. H.

    The kinematics of a 1-D electron hole is studied using a novel Particle-In-Cell simulation code. A hole tracking technique enables us to follow the trajectory of a fast-moving solitary hole and study quantitatively hole acceleration and coupling to ions. We observe a transient at the initial stage of hole formation when the hole accelerates to several times the cold-ion sound speed. Artificially imposing slow ion speed changes on a fully formed hole causes its velocity to change even when the ion stream speed in the hole frame greatly exceeds the ion thermal speed, so there are no reflected ions. Themore » behavior that we observe in numerical simulations agrees very well with our analytic theory of hole momentum conservation and the effects of “jetting.”.« less

  1. Esmeralda Energy Company, Final Scientific Technical Report, January 2008. Emigrant Slimhole Drilling Project, DOE GRED III

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Deymonaz, John; Hulen, Jeffrey B.; Nash, Gregory D.

    2008-01-22

    The Emigrant Slimhole Drilling Project (ESDP) was a highly successful, phased resource evaluation program designed to evaluate the commercial geothermal potential of the eastern margin of the northern Fish Lake Valley pull-apart basin in west-central Nevada. The program involved three phases: (1) Resource evaluation; (2) Drilling and resource characterization; and (3) Resource testing and assessment. Efforts included detailed geologic mapping; 3-D modeling; compilation of a GIS database; and production of a conceptual geologic model followed by the successful drilling of the 2,938 foot deep 17-31 slimhole (core hole), which encountered commercial geothermal temperatures (327⁰ F) and exhibits an increasing, conductive,more » temperature gradient to total depth; completion of a short injection test; and compilation of a detailed geologic core log and revised geologic cross-sections. Results of the project greatly increased the understanding of the geologic model controlling the Emigrant geothermal resource. Information gained from the 17-31 core hole revealed the existence of commercial temperatures beneath the area in the Silver Peak Core Complex which is composed of formations that exhibit excellent reservoir characteristics. Knowledge gained from the ESDP may lead to the development of a new commercial geothermal field in Nevada. Completion of the 17-31 core hole also demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of deep core drilling as an exploration tool and the unequaled value of core in understanding the geology, mineralogy, evolutional history and structural aspects of a geothermal resource.« less

  2. Black hole enthalpy and an entropy inequality for the thermodynamic volume

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cvetič, M.; Gibbons, G. W.; Kubizňák, D.; Pope, C. N.

    2011-07-01

    In a theory where the cosmological constant Λ or the gauge coupling constant g arises as the vacuum expectation value, its variation should be included in the first law of thermodynamics for black holes. This becomes dE=TdS+ΩidJi+ΦαdQα+ΘdΛ, where E is now the enthalpy of the spacetime, and Θ, the thermodynamic conjugate of Λ, is proportional to an effective volume V=-(16πΘ)/(D-2) “inside the event horizon.” Here we calculate Θ and V for a wide variety of D-dimensional charged rotating asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole spacetimes, using the first law or the Smarr relation. We compare our expressions with those obtained by implementing a suggestion of Kastor, Ray, and Traschen, involving Komar integrals and Killing potentials, which we construct from conformal Killing-Yano tensors. We conjecture that the volume V and the horizon area A satisfy the inequality R≡((D-1)V/AD-2)1/(D-1)(AD-2/A)1/(D-2)≥1, where AD-2 is the volume of the unit (D-2) sphere, and we show that this is obeyed for a wide variety of black holes, and saturated for Schwarzschild-AdS. Intriguingly, this inequality is the “inverse” of the isoperimetric inequality for a volume V in Euclidean (D-1) space bounded by a surface of area A, for which R≤1. Our conjectured reverse isoperimetric inequality can be interpreted as the statement that the entropy inside a horizon of a given ”volume” V is maximized for Schwarzschild-AdS. The thermodynamic definition of V requires a cosmological constant (or gauge coupling constant). However, except in seven dimensions, a smooth limit exists where Λ or g goes to zero, providing a definition of V even for asymptotically flat black holes.

  3. Three-dimensional structure of clumpy outflow from supercritical accretion flow onto black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kobayashi, Hiroshi; Ohsuga, Ken; Takahashi, Hiroyuki R.; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Asahina, Yuta; Takeuchi, Shun; Mineshige, Shin

    2018-03-01

    We perform global three-dimensional (3D) radiation-hydrodynamic (RHD) simulations of outflow from supercritical accretion flow around a 10 M⊙ black hole. We only solve the outflow part, starting from the axisymmetric 2D simulation data in a nearly steady state but with small perturbations in a sinusoidal form being added in the azimuthal direction. The mass accretion rate onto the black hole is ˜102LE/c2 in the underlying 2D simulation data, and the outflow rate is ˜10 LE/c2 (with LE and c being the Eddington luminosity and speed of light, respectively). We first confirm the emergence of clumpy outflow, which was discovered by the 2D RHD simulations, above the photosphere located at a few hundreds of Schwarzschild radii (rS) from the central black hole. As prominent 3D features we find that the clumps have the shape of a torn sheet, rather than a cut string, and that they are rotating around the central black hole with a sub-Keplerian velocity at a distance of ˜103 rS from the center. The typical clump size is ˜30 rS or less in the radial direction, and is more elongated in the angular directions, ˜ hundreds of rS at most. The sheet separation ranges from 50 to 150 rS. We expect stochastic time variations when clumps pass across the line of the sight of a distant observer. Variation timescales are estimated to be several seconds for a black hole with mass of ten to several tens of M⊙, in rough agreement with the observations of some ultra-luminous X-ray sources.

  4. Bulk anisotropic excitons in type-II semiconductors built with 1D and 2D low-dimensional structures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Coyotecatl, H. A.; Del Castillo-Mussot, M.; Reyes, J. A.; Vazquez, G. J.; Montemayor-Aldrete, J. A.; Reyes-Esqueda, J. A.; Cocoletzi, G. H.

    2005-08-01

    We used a simple variational approach to account for the difference in the electron and hole effective masses in Wannier-Mott excitons in type-II semiconducting heterostructures in which the electron is constrained in an one-dimensional quantum wire (1DQW) and the hole is in a two-dimensional quantum layer (2DQL) perpendicular to the wire or viceversa. The resulting Schrodinger equation is similar to that of a 3D bulk exciton because the number of free (nonconfined) variables is three; two coming from the 2DQL and one from the 1DQW. In this system the effective electron-hole interaction depends on the confinement potentials.

  5. An efficient hole-filling method based on depth map in 3D view generation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liang, Haitao; Su, Xiu; Liu, Yilin; Xu, Huaiyuan; Wang, Yi; Chen, Xiaodong

    2018-01-01

    New virtual view is synthesized through depth image based rendering(DIBR) using a single color image and its associated depth map in 3D view generation. Holes are unavoidably generated in the 2D to 3D conversion process. We propose a hole-filling method based on depth map to address the problem. Firstly, we improve the process of DIBR by proposing a one-to-four (OTF) algorithm. The "z-buffer" algorithm is used to solve overlap problem. Then, based on the classical patch-based algorithm of Criminisi et al., we propose a hole-filling algorithm using the information of depth map to handle the image after DIBR. In order to improve the accuracy of the virtual image, inpainting starts from the background side. In the calculation of the priority, in addition to the confidence term and the data term, we add the depth term. In the search for the most similar patch in the source region, we define the depth similarity to improve the accuracy of searching. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the quality of the 3D virtual view subjectively and objectively.

  6. Observation of Internal Photoinduced Electron and Hole Separation in Hybrid Two-Dimentional Perovskite Films.

    PubMed

    Liu, Junxue; Leng, Jing; Wu, Kaifeng; Zhang, Jun; Jin, Shengye

    2017-02-01

    Two-dimensional (2D) organolead halide perovskites are promising for various optoelectronic applications. Here we report a unique spontaneous charge (electron/hole) separation property in multilayered (BA) 2 (MA) n-1 Pb n I 3n+1 (BA = CH 3 (CH 2 ) 3 NH 3 + , MA = CH 3 NH 3 + ) 2D perovskite films by studying the charge carrier dynamics using ultrafast transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Surprisingly, the 2D perovskite films, although nominally prepared as "n = 4", are found to be mixture of multiple perovskite phases, with n = 2, 3, 4 and ≈ ∞, that naturally align in the order of n along the direction perpendicular to the substrate. Driven by the band alignment between 2D perovskites phases, we observe consecutive photoinduced electron transfer from small-n to large-n phases and hole transfer in the opposite direction on hundreds of picoseconds inside the 2D film of ∼358 nm thickness. This internal charge transfer efficiently separates electrons and holes to the upper and bottom surfaces of the films, which is a unique property beneficial for applications in photovoltaics and other optoelectronics devices.

  7. Wave function, spectrum and effective mass of holes in 2 D quantum antiferromagnet

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Su, Zhao-bin; Ll, Yan-min; Lai, Wu-yan; Yu, Lu

    1989-12-01

    A new quantum Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdeG) formalism is developed to study the self-consistent motion of holes on an quantum antiferromagnetic (QAFM) background within the generalized t- J model. The local distortion of spin configurations and the renormalization of the hole motion due to virtual excitations of the distorted spin background are treated on an equal footing. The hole wave function and its spectrum, as well as the effective mass for a propagating hole are calculated explicitly.

  8. D = 5 Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons black holes.

    PubMed

    Kunz, Jutta; Navarro-Lérida, Francisco

    2006-03-03

    Five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory with a Chern-Simons coefficient lambda = 1 has supersymmetric black holes with a vanishing horizon angular velocity but finite angular momentum. Here supersymmetry is associated with a borderline between stability and instability, since for lambda > 1 a rotational instability arises, where counterrotating black holes appear, whose horizon rotates in the opposite sense to the angular momentum. For lambda > 2 black holes are no longer uniquely characterized by their global charges, and rotating black holes with vanishing angular momentum appear.

  9. Asymptotically (A)dS dilaton black holes with nonlinear electrodynamics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hajkhalili, S.; Sheykhi, A.

    It is well known that with an appropriate combination of three Liouville-type dilaton potentials, one can construct charged dilaton black holes in an (anti)-de Sitter [(A)dS] spaces in the presence of linear Maxwell field. However, asymptotically (A)dS dilaton black holes coupled to nonlinear gauge field have not been found. In this paper, we construct, for the first time, three new classes of dilaton black hole solutions in the presence of three types of nonlinear electrodynamics, namely Born-Infeld (BI), Logarithmic (LN) and Exponential nonlinear (EN) electrodynamics. All these solutions are asymptotically (A)dS and in the linear regime reduce to the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton (EMd) black holes in (A)dS spaces. We investigate physical properties and the causal structure, as well as asymptotic behavior of the obtained solutions, and show that depending on the values of the metric parameters, the singularity can be covered by various horizons. We also calculate conserved and thermodynamic quantities of the obtained solutions. Interestingly enough, we find that the coupling of dilaton field and nonlinear gauge field in the background of (A)dS spaces leads to a strange behavior for the electric field. We observe that the electric field is zero at singularity and increases smoothly until reaches a maximum value, then it decreases smoothly until goes to zero as r →∞. The maximum value of the electric field increases with increasing the nonlinear parameter β or decreasing the dilaton coupling α and is shifted to the singularity in the absence of either dilaton field (α = 0) or nonlinear gauge field (β →∞).

  10. Influences On The Oceanic Biogeochemical Cycling Of The Hybrid-Type Metals: Cobalt, Iron, And Manganese

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-02-01

    have been possible. We also thank Scot Birdwhistell in the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry...Cobalt, Iron, and Manganese MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/ Applied Ocean Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Woods Hole...by Abigail Emery Noble Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole

  11. Nonminimally coupled massive scalar field in a 2D black hole: Exactly solvable model

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Frolov, V.; Zelnikov, A.

    2001-06-15

    We study a nonminimal massive scalar field in the background of a two-dimensional black hole spacetime. We consider the black hole which is the solution of the 2D dilaton gravity derived from string-theoretical models. We find an explicit solution in a closed form for all modes and the Green function of the scalar field with an arbitrary mass and a nonminimal coupling to the curvature. Greybody factors, the Hawking radiation, and 2>{sup ren} are calculated explicitly for this exactly solvable model.

  12. 3D Finite Element Modelling of Cutting Forces in Drilling Fibre Metal Laminates and Experimental Hole Quality Analysis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Giasin, Khaled; Ayvar-Soberanis, Sabino; French, Toby; Phadnis, Vaibhav

    2017-02-01

    Machining Glass fibre aluminium reinforced epoxy (GLARE) is cumbersome due to distinctively different mechanical and thermal properties of its constituents, which makes it challenging to achieve damage-free holes with the acceptable surface quality. The proposed work focuses on the study of the machinability of thin ( 2.5 mm) GLARE laminate. Drilling trials were conducted to analyse the effect of feed rate and spindle speed on the cutting forces and hole quality. The resulting hole quality metrics (surface roughness, hole size, circularity error, burr formation and delamination) were assessed using surface profilometry and optical scanning techniques. A three dimensional (3D) finite-element (FE) model of drilling GLARE laminate was also developed using ABAQUS/Explicit to help understand the mechanism of drilling GLARE. The homogenised ply-level response of GLARE laminate was considered in the FE model to predict cutting forces in the drilling process.

  13. Co-administration with cell penetrating peptide enhances the oral bioavailability of docetaxel-loaded nanoparticles.

    PubMed

    Bu, Xiangyuan; Zhu, Tao; Ma, Yiran; Shen, Qi

    2015-05-01

    This study proposes a novel docetaxel (DTX) cyclodextrin inclusion-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (D-CNPs) system with cell penetrating peptide (CPP), and evaluates its potential for oral administration of DTX. Heptaarginine (R7) was used as the CPP. D-CNPs were prepared by the double-emulsification method. The mean particle size and zeta potential of the resulting D-CNPs were 198.7 ± 12.56 nm and -27.25 ± 4.62 mV, respectively, and their mean encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were 80.35 ± 6.37% and 1.02 ± 0.15%, respectively. The morphology of the D-CNPs was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The release behavior of the D-CNPs was studied by using the dialysis method. The relative bioavailability of D-CNPs and D-CNPs co-administered with R7 was enhanced about 5.57- and 9.43-fold, respectively, compared with the free DTX suspension. Furthermore, D-CNPs with R7 displayed maximum cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells in MTT assay. D-CNPs co-administered with R7 showed markedly higher fluorescence intensity than D-CNPs without CPP. The results suggest that the D-CNPs co-administered with R7 could be a potential delivery system with excellent therapeutic efficacy for targeting the drugs to cancer cells.

  14. Dynamic fisheye grids for binary black hole simulations

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zilhão, Miguel; Noble, Scott C.

    2014-03-01

    We present a new warped gridding scheme adapted to simulating gas dynamics in binary black hole spacetimes. The grid concentrates grid points in the vicinity of each black hole to resolve the smaller scale structures there, and rarefies grid points away from each black hole to keep the overall problem size at a practical level. In this respect, our system can be thought of as a ‘double’ version of the fisheye coordinate system, used before in numerical relativity codes for evolving binary black holes. The gridding scheme is constructed as a mapping between a uniform coordinate system—in which the equations of motion are solved—to the distorted system representing the spatial locations of our grid points. Since we are motivated to eventually use this system for circumbinary disc calculations, we demonstrate how the distorted system can be constructed to asymptote to the typical spherical polar coordinate system, amenable to efficiently simulating orbiting gas flows about central objects with little numerical diffusion. We discuss its implementation in the Harm3d code, tailored to evolve the magnetohydrodynamics equations in curved spacetimes. We evaluate the performance of the system’s implementation in Harm3d with a series of tests, such as the advected magnetic field loop test, magnetized Bondi accretion, and evolutions of hydrodynamic discs about a single black hole and about a binary black hole. Like we have done with Harm3d, this gridding scheme can be implemented in other unigrid codes as a (possibly) simpler alternative to adaptive mesh refinement.

  15. Solution of the Skyrme-Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. (VIII) HFODD (v2.73y): A new version of the program

    DOE PAGES

    Schunck, N.; Dobaczewski, J.; Satuła, W.; ...

    2017-03-27

    Here, we describe the new version (v2.73y) of the code hfodd which solves the nuclear Skyrme Hartree–Fock or Skyrme Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov problem by using the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. In the new version, we have implemented the following new features: (i) full proton–neutron mixing in the particle–hole channel for Skyrme functionals, (ii) the Gogny force in both particle–hole and particle–particle channels, (iii) linear multi-constraint method at finite temperature, (iv) fission toolkit including the constraint on the number of particles in the neck between two fragments, calculation of the interaction energy between fragments, and calculation of the nuclear and Coulomb energy ofmore » each fragment, (v) the new version 200d of the code hfbtho, together with an enhanced interface between HFBTHO and HFODD, (vi) parallel capabilities, significantly extended by adding several restart options for large-scale jobs, (vii) the Lipkin translational energy correction method with pairing, (viii) higher-order Lipkin particle-number corrections, (ix) interface to a program plotting single-particle energies or Routhians, (x) strong-force isospin-symmetry-breaking terms, and (xi) the Augmented Lagrangian Method for calculations with 3D constraints on angular momentum and isospin. Finally, an important bug related to the calculation of the entropy at finite temperature and several other little significant errors of the previous published version were corrected.« less

  16. Solution of the Skyrme-Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. (VIII) HFODD (v2.73y): A new version of the program

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Schunck, N.; Dobaczewski, J.; Satuła, W.

    Here, we describe the new version (v2.73y) of the code hfodd which solves the nuclear Skyrme Hartree–Fock or Skyrme Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov problem by using the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. In the new version, we have implemented the following new features: (i) full proton–neutron mixing in the particle–hole channel for Skyrme functionals, (ii) the Gogny force in both particle–hole and particle–particle channels, (iii) linear multi-constraint method at finite temperature, (iv) fission toolkit including the constraint on the number of particles in the neck between two fragments, calculation of the interaction energy between fragments, and calculation of the nuclear and Coulomb energy ofmore » each fragment, (v) the new version 200d of the code hfbtho, together with an enhanced interface between HFBTHO and HFODD, (vi) parallel capabilities, significantly extended by adding several restart options for large-scale jobs, (vii) the Lipkin translational energy correction method with pairing, (viii) higher-order Lipkin particle-number corrections, (ix) interface to a program plotting single-particle energies or Routhians, (x) strong-force isospin-symmetry-breaking terms, and (xi) the Augmented Lagrangian Method for calculations with 3D constraints on angular momentum and isospin. Finally, an important bug related to the calculation of the entropy at finite temperature and several other little significant errors of the previous published version were corrected.« less

  17. Terminal ballistics of a reduced-mass penetrator. Final report, January 1990--December 1995

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Silsby, G.F.

    1996-07-01

    This report presents the results of an experimental program to examine the performance of a reduced-mass concept penetrator impacting semi-infinite rolled homogeneous armor (RHA) at normal incidence. The reduced-mass penetrator used in this program is a solid tungsten alloy rod with eight holes drilled parallel to its axis, equally spaced on a circle, with axes parallel to the rod axis. Its performance was contrasted with baseline data for length-to- diameter ratios (L/D) 4 and 5 solid tungsten alloy penetrators. Striking velocity was nominally 1.6 km/s. A determined effort to reduce the scatter in the data by analysis of collateral datamore » from the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and literature sources suggested only a rather weak influence of L/D on penetration even at L/Ds approaching 1 and provided a tentative relationship to remove the influence of target lateral edge effects. It tightened up the holed-out rod data enough to be able to conclude with a moderate degree of certainty that there was no improvement in penetration as suggested by a simplistic density law model. A companion work by Kimsey of ARL examines the performance of this novel penetrator concept computationally, using the Eulerian code CTH. His work explains the possible causes of reduced performance suggested by analysis by Zook and Frank of ARL, though with some relative improvement in performance at higher velocities.« less

  18. 30 CFR 18.32 - Fastenings-additional requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... preclude improper assembly. (d) Holes for fastenings shall not penetrate to the interior of an explosion...-inch of stock shall be left at the center of the bottom of each hole drilled for fastenings. (f...-tensile strength fastening(s) specified by the applicant. (i) Coil-thread inserts, if used in holes for...

  19. 30 CFR 18.32 - Fastenings-additional requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... preclude improper assembly. (d) Holes for fastenings shall not penetrate to the interior of an explosion...-inch of stock shall be left at the center of the bottom of each hole drilled for fastenings. (f...-tensile strength fastening(s) specified by the applicant. (i) Coil-thread inserts, if used in holes for...

  20. 30 CFR 18.32 - Fastenings-additional requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... preclude improper assembly. (d) Holes for fastenings shall not penetrate to the interior of an explosion...-inch of stock shall be left at the center of the bottom of each hole drilled for fastenings. (f...-tensile strength fastening(s) specified by the applicant. (i) Coil-thread inserts, if used in holes for...

  1. 30 CFR 18.32 - Fastenings-additional requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... preclude improper assembly. (d) Holes for fastenings shall not penetrate to the interior of an explosion...-inch of stock shall be left at the center of the bottom of each hole drilled for fastenings. (f...-tensile strength fastening(s) specified by the applicant. (i) Coil-thread inserts, if used in holes for...

  2. Photon orbits and thermodynamic phase transition of d -dimensional charged AdS black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wei, Shao-Wen; Liu, Yu-Xiao

    2018-05-01

    We study the relationship between the null geodesics and thermodynamic phase transition for the charged AdS black hole. In the reduced parameter space, we find that there exist nonmonotonic behaviors of the photon sphere radius and the minimum impact parameter for the pressure below its critical value. The study also shows that the changes of the photon sphere radius and the minimum impact parameter can serve as order parameters for the small-large black hole phase transition. In particular, these changes have an universal exponent of 1/2 near the critical point for any dimension d of spacetime. These results imply that there may exist universal critical behavior of gravity near the thermodynamic critical point of the black hole system.

  3. Quintessence background for 5D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ghosh, Sushant G.; Amir, Muhammed; Maharaj, Sunil D.

    2017-08-01

    As we know that the Lovelock theory is an extension of the general relativity to the higher-dimensions, in this theory the first- and the second-order terms correspond to general relativity and the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, respectively. We obtain a 5D black hole solution in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity surrounded by the quintessence matter, and we also analyze their thermodynamical properties. Owing to the quintessence corrected black hole, the thermodynamic quantities have also been corrected except for the black hole entropy, and a phase transition is achievable. The phase transition for the thermodynamic stability is characterized by a discontinuity in the specific heat at r=r_C, with the stable (unstable) branch for r < (>) r_C.

  4. 36 CFR 1256.24 - How long may access to some records be denied?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... many records are open for research, some records are closed for long periods, either under our general... the Census less than 72 years old containing data identifying individuals enumerated in population...

  5. Beyond Einstein: From the Big Bang to Black Holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    White, N.

    Beyond Einstein is a science-driven program of missions, education and outreach, and technology, to address three questions: What powered the Big Bang? What happens to space, time, and matter at the edge of a Black Hole? What is the mysterious Dark Energy pulling the universe apart? To address the science objectives, Beyond Einstein contains several interlinked elements. The strategic missions Constellation-X and LISA primarily investigate the nature of black holes. Constellation-X is a spectroscopic observatory that uses X-ray emitting atoms as clocks to follow the fate of matter falling into black holes. LISA will be the first space-based gravitational wave observatory uses gravitational waves to measure the dynamic structure of space and time around black holes. Moderate sized probes that are fully competed, peer-reviewed missions (300M-450M) launched every 3-5 years to address the focussed science goals: 1) Determine the nature of the Dark Energy that dominates the universe, 2) Search for the signature of the beginning of the Big Bang in the microwave background and 3) Take a census of Black Holes of all sizes and ages in the universe. The final element is a Technology Program to enable ultimate Vision Missions (after 2015) to directly detect gravitational waves echoing from the beginning of the Big Bang, and to directly image matter near the event horizon of a Black Hole. An associated Education and Public Outreach Program will inspire the next generation of scientists, and support national science standards and benchmarks.

  6. Quasinormal Frequencies of D-Dimensional Schwarzschild Black Holes: Evaluation via Continued Fraction Method

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rostworowski, A.

    2007-01-01

    We adopt Leaver's [E. Leaver, {ITALIC Proc. R. Soc. Lond.} {A402}, 285 (1985)] method to determine quasi normal frequencies of the Schwarzschild black hole in higher (D geq 10) dimensions. In D-dimensional Schwarzschild metric, when D increases, more and more singularities, spaced uniformly on the unit circle |r|=1, approach the horizon at r=rh=1. Thus, a solution satisfying the outgoing wave boundary condition at the horizon must be continued to some mid point and only then the continued fraction condition can be applied. This prescription is general and applies to all cases for which, due to regular singularities on the way from the point of interest to the irregular singularity, Leaver's method in its original setting breaks down. We illustrate the method calculating gravitational vector and tensor quasinormal frequencies of the Schwarzschild black hole in D=11 and D=10 dimensions. We also give the details for the D=9 case, considered in the work of P. Bizoz, T. Chmaj, A. Rostworowski, B.G. Schmidt and Z. Tabor {ITALIC Phys. Rev.}{D72}, 121502(R) (2005) .

  7. Sleeve Expansion of Bolt Holes in Railroad Rail : Volume I, Description and Planning

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1980-02-01

    The most predominant failure mode of rails with bolt joints is a web crack initiating at the rail bolt hole. This failure mode is of a classical fatigue nature induced by web stress concentration around the bolt hole. This program was conducted to ap...

  8. Lateral Variability of the Lower Ocean Crust at Atlantis Bank, SW Indian Ridge, Results of IODP Expedition 360

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dick, H. J.; MacLeod, C. J.; Blum, P.; Scientific Party, E.

    2016-12-01

    IODP Hole U1473A drilled 809.4 m into a 700-m depth wave-cut platform at Atlantis Bank on the SW Indian Ridge. It is an oceanic core complex where massive gabbro was emplaced into the footwall of a single detachment fault for ≥2.7 Myr, with total slip ≥39 km. It was then uplifted to its present position flanking the 6,100 m deep 199-km Atlantis II Transform. The gabbros are back-tilted 20°S, while a sub-horizontal 15 km long mantle peridotite-gabbro contact lies along the transform wall at 4200 m depth 11.5 km west of Hole U1473A. Hole U1473A is 1.4 km north of 158-m deep Hole 1105A and 2.2 km NNE of 1508-m deep Hole 735B. Thus we examine the lateral continuity of the lower ocean crust at ultraslow rates ( 15-16 mm/yr.), and compare it to 1400-m Hole U1309D in the Atlantis Massif MAR core complex (24 mm/yr.) flanking the 63-km Atlantis Transform. The three Atlantis Bank holes are very similar, consisting of a complex series of oxide-rich gabbros and olivine gabbros. Several dikes crosscutting the gabbro sections show that they passed through the dike-gabbro transition after crystallizing and cooling deeper in the crust. They all show extensive high-temperature crystal-plastic deformation predating dike intrusion. A small amount of troctolite was recovered only in Hole 735B. By contrast, gabbro, rather than olivine gabbro was the dominant lithology in Hole U1309D, with intercalations of troctolite and mantle peridotite, and subordinate oxide gabbro. Oxide gabbro is often associated with crystal-plastic deformation. While these are concentrated in the upper 1/3 of Hole 735B, they are more uniformly distributed in Hole U1309D. While one section cannot be traced directly to the other at Atlantis Bank, it appears that they can be correlated based on chemical and structural similarities, with the 1105A and 1473A sections lying some hundreds of meters deeper structurally than Hole 735B, consistent with erosion on the platform. All these sections represent sequential emplacement of small gabbro bodies, with upward compaction of late melt, often fault controlled. The primary differences in the sections are due to variations in the melt supply, which was significantly lower at Hole U1309D, resulting in incorporation of mantle peridotite screens into the section as additional gabbro intrusions were added to the base of the section.

  9. Observations of electron vortex magnetic holes and related wave-particle interactions in the turbulent magnetosheath

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, S.; Sahraoui, F.; Yuan, Z.; He, J.; Zhao, J.; Du, J.; Le Contel, O.; Wang, X.; Deng, X.; Fu, H.; Zhou, M.; Shi, Q.; Breuillard, H.; Pang, Y.; Yu, X.; Wang, D.

    2017-12-01

    Magnetic hole is characterized by a magnetic depression, a density peak, a total electron temperature increase (with a parallel temperature decrease but a perpendicular temperature increase), and strong currents carried by the electrons. The current has a dip in the core region of the magnetic hole and a peak in the outer region of the magnetic hole. There is an enhancement in the perpendicular electron fluxes at 90° pitch angles inside the magnetic hole, implying that the electrons are trapped within it. The variations of the electron velocity components Vem and Ven suggest that an electron vortex is formed by trapping electrons inside the magnetic hole in the circular cross-section. These observations demonstrate the existence of a new type of coherent structures behaving as an electron vortex magnetic hole in turbulent space plasmas as predicted by recent kinetic simulations. We perform a statistically study using high time solution data from the MMS mission. The magnetic holes with short duration (i.e., < 0.5 s) have their cross section smaller than the ion gyro-radius. Superposed epoch analysis of all events reveals that an increase in the electron density and total temperature, significantly increase (resp. decrease) the electron perpendicular (resp. parallel) temperature, and an electron vortex inside the holes. Electron fluxes at 90° pitch angles with selective energies increase in the KSMHs, are trapped inside KSMHs and form the electron vortex due to their collective motion. All these features are consistent with the electron vortex magnetic holes obtained in 2D and 3D particle-in-cell simulations, indicating that the observed the magnetic holes seem to be best explained as electron vortex magnetic holes. It is furthermore shown that the magnetic holes are likely to heat and accelerate the electrons. We also investigate the coupling between whistler waves and electron vortex magnetic holes. These whistler waves can be locally generated inside electron vortex magnetic holes by electron temperature anisotropic instability.

  10. Terahertz-dependent identification of simulated hole shapes in oil-gas reservoirs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bao, Ri-Ma; Zhan, Hong-Lei; Miao, Xin-Yang; Zhao, Kun; Feng, Cheng-Jing; Dong, Chen; Li, Yi-Zhang; Xiao, Li-Zhi

    2016-10-01

    Detecting holes in oil-gas reservoirs is vital to the evaluation of reservoir potential. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of identifying general micro-hole shapes, including triangular, circular, and square shapes, in oil-gas reservoirs by adopting terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We evaluate the THz absorption responses of punched silicon (Si) wafers having micro-holes with sizes of 20 μm-500 μm. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to establish a model between THz absorbance and hole shapes. The positions of samples in three-dimensional spaces for three principal components are used to determine the differences among diverse hole shapes and the homogeneity of similar shapes. In addition, a new Si wafer with the unknown hole shapes, including triangular, circular, and square, can be qualitatively identified by combining THz-TDS and PCA. Therefore, the combination of THz-TDS with mathematical statistical methods can serve as an effective approach to the rapid identification of micro-hole shapes in oil-gas reservoirs. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61405259), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB744302), and the Specially Founded Program on National Key Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development, China (Grant No. 2012YQ140005).

  11. Black holes: theory and observations (Scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 December 2015)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    2016-07-01

    A scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), "Black holes: theory and observations," was held in the conference hall of the Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, on 23 December 2015. The papers collected in this issue were written based on talks given at the session: (1) I D Novikov (Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Astro Space Center, Moscow; The Niels Bohr International Academy, The Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen; National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', Moscow) "Black holes, wormholes, and time machines"; (2) A M Cherepashchuk (Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow) "Observing stellar-mass and supermassive black holes"; (3) N S Kardashev (Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Astro Space Center, Moscow) "Millimetron space project: a tool for researching black holes and wormholes." Papers written on the basis of oral presentations 1, 2 are published below. • Observing stellar mass and supermassive black holes, A M Cherepashchuk Physics-Uspekhi, 2016, Volume 59, Number 7, Pages 702-712 • Black holes, wormholes, and time machines, I D Novikov Physics-Uspekhi, 2016, Volume 59, Number 7, Pages 713-715

  12. Effective mass and spin susceptibility of dilute two-dimensional holes ion GaAs.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Chiu, Y-T.; Padmanabhan, M.; Gokmen, T.

    2011-10-31

    We report effective hole mass (m*) measurements through analyzing the temperature dependence of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in dilute (density p {approx} 7 x 10{sup 10} cm{sup -2}, r{sub s} {approx} 6) two-dimensional (2D) hole systems confined to a 20-nm-wide, (311)A GaAs quantum well. The holes in this system occupy two nearly degenerate spin subbands whose m* we measure to be {approx}0.2 (in units of the free electron mass). Despite the relatively large r{sub s} in our 2D system, the measured m* is in reasonably good agreement with the results of our energy band calculations, which do not take interactions intomore » account. We then apply a sufficiently strong parallel magnetic field to fully depopulate one of the spin subbands, and measure m* for the populated subband. We find that this latter m* is close to the m* we measure in the absence of the parallel field. We also deduce the spin susceptibility of the 2D hole system from the depopulation field, and we conclude that the susceptibility is enhanced by about 50% relative to the value expected from the band calculations.« less

  13. Toward Edge-Defined Holey Boron Nitride Nanosheets

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lin, Yi; Liao, Yunlong; Chen, Zhongfan; Connell, John W.

    2015-01-01

    "Holey" two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets with well-defined holy morphology and edge chemistry are highly desirable for applications such as energy storage, catalysis, sensing, transistors, and molecular transport/separation. For example, holey grapheme is currently under extensive investigation for energy storage applications because of the improvement in ion transport due to through the thickness pathways provided by the holes. Without the holes, the 2D materials have significant limitations for such applications in which efficient ion transport is important. As part of an effort to apply this approach to other 2D nanomaterials, a method to etch geometrically defined pits or holes on the basal plane surface of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets has been developed. The etching, conducted via heating in ambient air using metal nanoparticles as catalysts, was facile, controllable, and scalable. Starting h-BN layered crystals were etched and subsequently exfoliated into boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs). The as-etched and exfoliated h-BN nanosheets possessed defined pit and hole shapes that were comprised of regulated nanostructures at the edges. The current finding are the first step toward the bulk preparation of holey BNNSs with defined holes and edges.

  14. Computational materials design of negative effective U system in the hole-doped Delafossite of CuAlO2, AgAlO2 and AuAlO2

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nakanishi, Akitaka; Fukushima, Tetsuya; Uede, Hiroki; Katayama-Yoshida, Hiroshi

    2015-03-01

    In order to realize the super-high-TC superconductors (TC>1,000K) based on the general design rules for the negative Ueff system, we have performed computational materials design for theUeff<0 system in the hole-doped two-dimensional (2D) Delafossite CuAlO2, AgAlO2 and AuAlO2 from the first principles. We find the interesting chemical trend of TC in 2D and 3D systems; where the TC increases exponentially in the weak coupling regime (|Ueff (-0.44eV)|< W(2eV), W is the band width) for hole-doped CuFeS2, then the TC goes through a maximum when |Ueff (-4.88eV, -4.14eV)| ~ W (2.8eV, 3.5eV) for hole-doped AgAlO2 and AuAlO2, and the TC decreases with increasing |Ueff|in strong coupling regime, where |Ueff (-4.53eV)|> W(1.7eV) for hole-doped CuAlO2

  15. Conserved charges for black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics in AdS space

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mišković, Olivera; Olea, Rodrigo

    2011-01-01

    Motivated by possible applications within the framework of anti-de Sitter gravity/conformal field theory correspondence, charged black holes with AdS asymptotics, which are solutions to Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in D dimensions, and whose electric field is described by nonlinear electrodynamics are studied. For a topological static black hole ansatz, the field equations are exactly solved in terms of the electromagnetic stress tensor for an arbitrary nonlinear electrodynamic Lagrangian in any dimension D and for arbitrary positive values of Gauss-Bonnet coupling. In particular, this procedure reproduces the black hole metric in Born-Infeld and conformally invariant electrodynamics previously found in the literature. Altogether, it extends to D>4 the four-dimensional solution obtained by Soleng in logarithmic electrodynamics, which comes from vacuum polarization effects. Falloff conditions for the electromagnetic field that ensure the finiteness of the electric charge are also discussed. The black hole mass and vacuum energy as conserved quantities associated to an asymptotic timelike Killing vector are computed using a background-independent regularization of the gravitational action based on the addition of counterterms which are a given polynomial in the intrinsic and extrinsic curvatures.

  16. Conserved charges for black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics in AdS space

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Miskovic, Olivera; Olea, Rodrigo; Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Casilla 4059, Valparaiso

    2011-01-15

    Motivated by possible applications within the framework of anti-de Sitter gravity/conformal field theory correspondence, charged black holes with AdS asymptotics, which are solutions to Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in D dimensions, and whose electric field is described by nonlinear electrodynamics are studied. For a topological static black hole ansatz, the field equations are exactly solved in terms of the electromagnetic stress tensor for an arbitrary nonlinear electrodynamic Lagrangian in any dimension D and for arbitrary positive values of Gauss-Bonnet coupling. In particular, this procedure reproduces the black hole metric in Born-Infeld and conformally invariant electrodynamics previously found in the literature. Altogether, itmore » extends to D>4 the four-dimensional solution obtained by Soleng in logarithmic electrodynamics, which comes from vacuum polarization effects. Falloff conditions for the electromagnetic field that ensure the finiteness of the electric charge are also discussed. The black hole mass and vacuum energy as conserved quantities associated to an asymptotic timelike Killing vector are computed using a background-independent regularization of the gravitational action based on the addition of counterterms which are a given polynomial in the intrinsic and extrinsic curvatures.« less

  17. Radio emission in ultracool dwarfs: The nearby substellar triple system VHS 1256-1257

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guirado, J. C.; Azulay, R.; Gauza, B.; Pérez-Torres, M. A.; Rebolo, R.; Climent, J. B.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.

    2018-02-01

    Aim. With the purpose of investigating the radio emission of new ultracool objects, we carried out a targeted search in the recently discovered system VHS J125601.92-125723.9 (hereafter VHS 1256-1257); this system is composed by an equal-mass M7.5 binary and a L7 low-mass substellar object located at only 15.8 pc. Methods: We observed in phase-reference mode the system VHS 1256-1257 with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at X band and L band and with the European VLBI Network at L band in several epochs during 2015 and 2016. Results: We discovered radio emission at X band spatially coincident with the equal-mass M7.5 binary with a flux density of 60 μJy. We determined a spectral index α = ‑1.1 ± 0.3 between 8 and 12 GHz, suggesting that non-thermal, optically thin, synchrotron, or gyrosynchrotron radiation is responsible for the observed radio emission. Interestingly, no signal is seen at L band where we set a 3σ upper limit of 20 μJy. This might be explained by strong variability of the binary or self-absorption at this frequency. By adopting the latter scenario and gyrosynchrotron radiation, we constrain the turnover frequency to be in the interval 5-8.5 GHz, from which we infer the presence of kG-intense magnetic fields in the M7.5 binary. Our data impose a 3σ upper bound to the radio flux density of the L7 object of 9 μJy at 10 GHz.

  18. Thermodynamics of de Sitter Black Holes in Massive Gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ma, Yu-Bo; Zhang, Si-Xuan; Wu, Yan; Ma, Li; Cao, Shuo

    2018-05-01

    In this paper, by taking de Sitter space-time as a thermodynamic system, we study the effective thermodynamic quantities of de Sitter black holes in massive gravity, and furthermore obtain the effective thermodynamic quantities of the space-time. Our results show that the entropy of this type of space-time takes the same form as that in Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter space-time, which lays a solid foundation for deeply understanding the universal thermodynamic characteristics of de Sitter space-time in the future. Moreover, our analysis indicates that the effective thermodynamic quantities and relevant parameters play a very important role in the investigation of the stability and evolution of de Sitter space-time. Supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11605107 and 11503001, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11475108, Program for the Innovative Talents of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi, the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province under Grant No. 201601D102004, the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province under Grant No. 201601D021022, and the Natural Science Foundation of Datong City under Grant No. 20150110

  19. Electron Holes in phase-space: what they are and why they matter

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hutchinson, I. H.

    2016-10-01

    Plasma electron holes are soliton-like electric potential structures sustained self-consistently by a deficit of phase-space density on trapped orbits. They are a class of Bernstein Green and Kruskal (BGK)-mode phase-space vortices, long studied in basic analytic and computational theory and observed in some experiments. Recently it has become clear from space-craft observations that isolated potential structures with the character of electron holes constitute an important component of space-plasma turbulence. Modern computational simulations of collisionless plasmas also often observe electron holes to form as a nonlinear consequence of kinetic electron instabilities. This tutorial will explain the basic theory of electron hole structure, trace the development of the understanding of electron holes, and survey some of the observational evidence for their significance. It was found early on that unmagnetized multidimensional simulations of electron two-stream instabilities do not show the long lived holes that appear in one dimension. Deliberately-created 1-D slab holes in multiple dimensions experience a transverse instability unless the guiding magnetic field is strong enough. Analysis has yet to identify unequivocally the instability mechanism and threshold; but it can show that spherically symmetric holes in 3-D without magnetic field are essentially impossible. Recent simulations have studied holes' formation, self-acceleration, merging, splitting, and growth. Analytic understanding of many of these phenomena is gained from the kinematics of the hole regarded as a coherent entity, accounting for the plasma momentum changes it induces, and especially the interaction with the ions. Electron holes can travel at up to approximately the electron thermal speed, but not slower (relative to ions) than several times the ion acoustic speed. Some notable current research questions will be described.

  20. Supersymmetry production from a TeV scale black hole at CERN LHC

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chamblin, Andrew; Cooper, Fred; Nayak, Gouranga C.

    2004-10-01

    If the fundamental Planck scale is near a TeV, then we should expect to see TeV scale black holes at the CERN LHC. Similarly, if the scale of supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking is sufficiently low, then we might expect to see light supersymmetric particles in the next generation of colliders. If the mass of the supersymmetric particle is of order a TeV and is comparable to the temperature of a typical TeV scale black hole, then such sparticles will be copiously produced via Hawking radiation: The black hole will act as a resonance for sparticles, among other things. In this paper we compare various signatures for SUSY production at LHC, and we contrast the situation where the sparticles are produced directly via parton fusion processes with the situation where they are produced indirectly through black hole resonances. We found that black hole resonances provide a larger source for heavy mass SUSY (squark and gluino) production than the direct perturbative QCD-SUSY production via parton fusion processes depending on the values of the Planck mass and black hole mass. Hence black hole production at LHC may indirectly act as a dominant channel for SUSY production. We also found that the differential cross section dσ/dpt for SUSY production increases as a function of the pt (up to pt equal to about 1TeV or more) of the SUSY particles (squarks and gluinos), which is in sharp contrast with the pQCD predictions where the differential cross section dσ/dpt decreases as pt increases for high pt about 1TeV or higher. This is a feature for any particle emission from a TeV scale black hole as long as the temperature of the black hole is very high (˜TeV). Hence the measurement of increase of dσ/dpt with pt for pt up to about 1TeV or higher for final state particles might be a useful signature for black hole production at LHC.

  1. Quasinormal modes of asymptotically (A)dS black hole in Lovelock background

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abbasvandi, N.; Soleimani, M. J.; Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan; Radiman, Shahidan

    2017-03-01

    We study the quasinormal modes of the massless scalar field in asymptotically (A)dS black holes in Lovelock spacetime by using the sixth order of the WKB approximation. We consider the effects of the second and third order of Lovelock coupling constants on quasinormal frequencies spectrum as well as cosmological constant.

  2. Shocks in the relativistic transonic accretion with low angular momentum

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Suková, P.; Charzyński, S.; Janiuk, A.

    2017-12-01

    We perform 1D/2D/3D relativistic hydrodynamical simulations of accretion flows with low angular momentum, filling the gap between spherically symmetric Bondi accretion and disc-like accretion flows. Scenarios with different directional distributions of angular momentum of falling matter and varying values of key parameters such as spin of central black hole, energy and angular momentum of matter are considered. In some of the scenarios the shock front is formed. We identify ranges of parameters for which the shock after formation moves towards or outwards the central black hole or the long-lasting oscillating shock is observed. The frequencies of oscillations of shock positions which can cause flaring in mass accretion rate are extracted. The results are scalable with mass of central black hole and can be compared to the quasi-periodic oscillations of selected microquasars (such as GRS 1915+105, XTE J1550-564 or IGR J17091-3624), as well as to the supermassive black holes in the centres of weakly active galaxies, such as Sgr A*.

  3. 36 CFR 1256.56 - Information that would invade the privacy of a living individual.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...) Researchers for the purpose of biomedical and social science research when such researchers have provided NARA with adequate written assurance that the record(s) will be used solely as a research or reporting...

  4. Black Hole Event Horizons and Advection-Dominated Accretion

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McClintock, Jeffrey; Mushotzky, Richard F. (Technical Monitor)

    2001-01-01

    The XMM data on black-hole X-ray novae are only now becoming available and they have so far not been included in any publications. This work is part of a larger project that makes use of both XMM and Chandra data. Our first publication on the Chandra results is the following: "New Evidence for Black Hole Event Horizons from Chandra" by M.R. Garcia, J.E. McClintock, R. Narayan, P. Callanan, D. Barret and S. Murray (2001, ApJ, 553, L47). Therein we present the luminosities of the two black-hole X-ray novae, GRO J0422+22 and 4U1 543-47, which were observed by Chandra. These results are combined with the luminosities of four additional black-hole X-ray novae, which were observed as part of a Chandra GTO program (PI: S. Murray). The very low, but nonzero, quiescent X-ray luminosities of these black hole binaries is very difficult to understand in the context of standard viscous accretion disk theory. The principal result of this work is that X-ray novae that contain black hole primaries are about 100 times fainter that X-ray novae that contain neutron star primaries. This result had been suggested in earlier work, but the present work very firmly establishes this large luminosity difference. The result is remarkable because the black-hole and the neutron-star systems are believed to be similar in many respects. Most importantly, the mass transfer rate from the secondary star is believed to be very comparable for the two kinds of systems for similar orbital periods. The advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) model provides a natural framework for understanding the extraordinarily low luminosities of the black hole systems and the hundred-fold greater luminosities of the neutron star systems. The chief feature of an ADAF is that the heat energy in the accreting gas is trapped in the gas and travels with it, rather than being radiated promptly. Thus the accreting gas reaches the central object with a huge amount of thermal energy. If the accretor is a black hole, the thermal energy will disappear through the event horizon, and the object will be very dim. On the other hand, if the central object is a neutron star or any other object with a surface, then the energy will be radiated from the surface, and the object will be bright.

  5. Superconducting nanowire networks formed on nanoporous membrane substrates

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Luo, Qiong

    Introducing a regular array of holes into superconducting thin films has been actively pursued to stabilize and pin the vortex lattice against external driving forces, enabling higher current capabilities. If the width of the sections between neighboring holes is comparable to the superconducting coherence length, the circulation of the Cooper pairs in around the holes in the presence of a magnetic field can also produce the Little-Parks effect, i.e. periodic oscillation of the critical temperature. These two mechanisms, commensurate vortex pinning enhancement by the hole-array and the critical temperature oscillations of a wire network due to Little-Parks effect can induce similar experimental observations such as magnetoresistance oscillation and enhancement of the critical current at specific magnetic fields. This dissertation work investigates the effect of a hole-array on the properties of superconducting films deposited onto nanoporous substrates. Experiments on anisotropies of the critical temperature for niobium films on anodic aluminum oxide membrane substrates containing a regular hole-array reveal that the critical temperature exhibits two strong anisotropic effects: Little-Parks oscillations whose period varies with field direction superimposed on a smooth background arising from one dimensional confinement by the finite lateral space between neighboring holes. The two components of the anisotropy are intrinsically linked and appear in concert. That is, the hole-array changes the dimensionality of a two-dimensional (2D) film to a network of 1D nanowire network. Network of superconducting nanowires with transverse dimensions as small as few nanometers were achieved by coating molybdenum germanium (MoGe) layer onto commercially available filtration membranes which have extremely dense nanopores. The magnetoresistance, magnetic field dependence of the critical temperature and the anisotropies of the synthesized MoGe nanowire networks can be consistently attributed to thermal phase slips and Little-Parks effect, revealing new phenomena at extreme conditions. This research significantly advanced our understanding on confinement effects in superconductors. Since AAO membranes of large area can be fabricated easily and filtration membranes are commercially available, the developed fabrication approach provides an alternative but more accessible templating method to achieve samples for exploring phenomena in superconductors with transverse dimensions down to few nanometers. This research also sets limitations on efforts to pursue high commensurate vortex pinning fields by increasing the density of holes in a perforated film: a reduction in the width of superconducting section between neighboring holes can turn a 2D film into a network of 1D nanowires which dissipate energy when conducting electricity due to thermal and possibly also quantum phase slippages, eliminating the desired pinning effect of the introduced hole.

  6. 29 CFR 1926.908 - Use of detonating cord.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... physical condition of the bore hole and stemming and the type of explosives used. (b) Detonating cord shall... cord extending out of a bore hole or from a charge shall be cut from the supply spool before loading the remainder of the bore hole or placing additional charges. (d) Detonating cord shall be handled and...

  7. 29 CFR 1926.908 - Use of detonating cord.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... physical condition of the bore hole and stemming and the type of explosives used. (b) Detonating cord shall... cord extending out of a bore hole or from a charge shall be cut from the supply spool before loading the remainder of the bore hole or placing additional charges. (d) Detonating cord shall be handled and...

  8. Axial Fatigue Tests at Zero Mean Stress of 24S-T and 75S-T Aluminum-alloy Strips with a Central Circular Hole

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Brueggeman, W C; Mayer, M JR

    1948-01-01

    Axial fatigue tests at zero mean stress have been made on 0.032- and 0.064-inch 24S-T and 0.032-inch 75S-T sheet-metal specimens 1/4, 1/2, 1, and 2 inches wide without a hole and with central holes giving a range of hole diameter D to specimen width W from 0.01 to 0.95. No systematic difference was noted between the results for the 0.032-inch and the 0.064-inch specimens although the latter seemed the more consistent. In general the fatigue strength based on the minimum section dropped sharply as the ration D/W was increased from zero to about 0.25. The plain specimens showed quite a pronounced decrease in fatigue strength with increasing width. The holed specimens showed only slight and rather inconclusive evidence of this size effect. The fatigue stress-concentration factor was higher for 75S-T than for 24S-T alloy. Evidence was found that a very small hole would not cause any reduction in fatigue strength.

  9. Peripheral defocus does not necessarily affect central refractive development.

    PubMed

    Schippert, Ruth; Schaeffel, Frank

    2006-10-01

    Recent experiments in monkeys suggest that deprivation, imposed only in the periphery of the visual field, can induce foveal myopia. This raises the hypothesis that peripheral refractive errors imposed by the spectacle lens correction could influence foveal refractive development also in humans. We have tested this hypothesis in chicks. Chicks wore either full field spectacle lenses (+6.9 D/-7 D), or lenses with central holes of 4, 6, or 8mm diameter, for 4 days (n=6 for each group). Refractions were measured in the central visual field, and at -45 degrees (temporal) and +45 degrees (nasal), and axial lengths were measured by A-scan ultrasonography. As previously described, full field lenses were largely compensated within 4 days (refraction changes with positive lenses: +4.69+/-1.73 D, negative lenses: -5.98+/-1.78 D, both p<0.001, Dunnett's test, to untreated controls). With holes in the center of the lenses, the central refraction remained emmetropic and there was not even a trend of a shift in refraction (all groups: p>0.5, Dunnetts test). At +/-45 degrees , the lenses were partially compensated despite the 4/6/8mm central holes; positive lenses: +2.63 / +1.44 / +0.43 D, negative lenses: -2.57 / -1.06 / +0.06 D. There is extensive local compensation of imposed refractive errors in chickens. For the tested hole sizes, peripherally imposed defocus did not influence central refractive development. To alter central refractive development, the unobstructed part in the central visual field may have to be quite small (hole sizes smaller than 4mm, with the lenses at a vertex distance of 2-3mm).

  10. SSME seal test program: Test results for hole-pattern damper seals

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Childs, D. W.

    1985-01-01

    The results consisting of direct and transverse force coefficients are presented for thirteen, hole-pattern, damper-seal configurations. The designation damper seal refers to a seal which uses a deliberately roughened stator nd smooth rotor, to increase the net damping force developed by a seal. The designation hole-pattern refers to a stator roughness pattern which is developed by a pattern of round holes while are milled into the stator. All seals tested use the same smooth rotor and have the same constant minimum clearance. The seal tests examined the following major design options: (1) hole-area density, i.e., the proportion of stator surface area consumed by holes; and (2) hole depth, particularly the ratio of hole depth to minimum clearance. In addition, limited data were taken to examine the influence of in-line versus staggered hole patterns and flat-bottomed versus spherical-bottomed holes.

  11. Greybody factors and charges in Kerr/CFT

    DOE PAGES

    Cvetič, Mirjam; Larsen, Finn

    2009-09-01

    We compute greybody factors for near extreme Kerr black holes in D = 4 and D = 5. In D = 4 we include four charges so that our solutions can be continuously deformed to the BPS limit. In D = 5 we include two independent angular momenta so Left-Right symmetry is incorporated. We discuss the CFT interpretation of our emission amplitudes, including the overall frequency dependence and the dependence on all black hole parameters. We find that all additional parameters can be incorporated Kerr/CFT, with central charge independent of U(1) charges.

  12. Formation of precise 2D Au particle arrays via thermally induced dewetting on pre-patterned substrates

    PubMed Central

    Ji, Ran

    2011-01-01

    Summary The fabrication of precise 2D Au nanoparticle arrays over a large area is presented. The technique was based on pre-patterning of the substrate before the deposition of a thin Au film, and the creation of periodic particle arrays by subsequent dewetting induced by annealing. Two types of pre-patterned substrates were used: The first comprised an array of pyramidal pits and the second an array of circular holes. For the dewetting of Au films on the pyramidal pit substrate, the structural curvature-driven diffusion cooperates with capillarity-driven diffusion, resulting in the formation of precise 2D particle arrays for films within a structure dependent thickness-window. For the dewetting of Au films on the circular hole substrate, the periodic discontinuities in the films, induced by the deposition, can limit the diffusion paths and lead to the formation of one particle per individual separated region (holes or mesas between holes), and thus, result in the evolution of precise 2D particle arrays. The influence of the pre-patterned structures and the film thickness is analyzed and discussed. For both types of pre-patterned substrate, the Au film thickness had to be adjusted in a certain thickness-window in order to achieve the precise 2D particle arrays. PMID:21977445

  13. Hairy black holes in scalar extended massive gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tolley, Andrew J.; Wu, De-Jun; Zhou, Shuang-Yong

    2015-12-01

    We construct static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions in scalar extended ghost-free massive gravity and show the existence of hairy black holes in this class of extension. While the existence seems to be a generic feature, we focus on the simplest models of this extension and find that asymptotically flat hairy black holes can exist without fine-tuning the theory parameters, unlike the bi-gravity extension, where asymptotical flatness requires fine-tuning in the parameter space. Like the bi-gravity extension, we are unable to obtain asymptotically dS regular black holes in the simplest models considered, but it is possible to obtain asymptotically AdS black holes.

  14. Interacting Electrons and Holes in Quasi-2D Quantum Dots in Strong Magnetic Fields

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hawrylak, P.; Sheng, W.; Cheng, S.-J.

    2004-09-01

    Theory of optical properties of interacting electrons and holes in quasi-2D quantum dots in strong magnetic fields is discussed. In two dimensions and the lowest Landau level, hidden symmetries control the interaction of the interacting system with light. By confining electrons and holes into quantum dots hidden symmetries can be removed and the excitation spectrum of electrons and excitons can be observed. We discuss a theory electronic and of excitonic quantum Hall droplets at a filling factorν=2. For an excitonic quantum Hall droplet the characteristic emission spectra are predicted to be related to the total spin of electron and hole configurations. For the electronic droplet the excitation spectrum of the droplet can be mapped out by measuring the emission for increasing number of electrons.

  15. Impact of Drift on the Vehicle Liftoff Acoustic Environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kenny, Jeremy; Giacomoni, Clothilde

    2016-01-01

    As a launch vehicle lifts off the pad, depending on the flyaway maneuver, it will drift away from the exhaust hole causing the plume(s) to impinge on the launch deck. This impingement on the deck creates acoustic sources and causes the noise levels on the vehicle to increase. The percentage of the plume which impinges on the deck can be calculated and related to sound pressure levels. Using this information, a delta dB can be calculated if the drift or flyaway maneuver for a specific vehicle changes during a program

  16. The Role of the US Army Reserve in Support of the US Army Force 2025 and Beyond: Challenges and Opportunities

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-06-12

    waits for no one, and this project was no different. At the conclusion of this research there were many more rabbit holes I wish that I could have...Opportunities 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) Major Jacob T. Wilson 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e...to incorporate or impact the Army Reserve specifically. Support will also be provided to this research project by incorporating the published works

  17. Test methods for textile composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Minguet, Pierre J.; Fedro, Mark J.; Gunther, Christian K.

    1994-01-01

    Various test methods commonly used for measuring properties of tape laminate composites were evaluated to determine their suitability for the testing of textile composites. Three different types of textile composites were utilized in this investigation: two-dimensional (2-D) triaxial braids, stitched uniweave fabric, and three-dimensional (3-D) interlock woven fabric. Four 2-D braid architectures, five stitched laminates, and six 3-D woven architectures were tested. All preforms used AS4 fibers and were resin-transfer-molded with Shell RSL-1895 epoxy resin. Ten categories of material properties were investigated: tension, open-hole tension, compression, open-hole compression, in-plane shear, filled-hole tension, bolt bearing, interlaminar tension, interlaminar shear, and interlaminar fracture toughness. Different test methods and specimen sizes were considered for each category of test. Strength and stiffness properties obtained with each of these methods are documented in this report for all the material systems mentioned above.

  18. Population structure and genetic diversity in a commercial maize breeding program assessed with SSR and SNP markers

    PubMed Central

    Van Inghelandt, Delphine; Melchinger, Albrecht E.; Lebreton, Claude

    2010-01-01

    Information about the genetic diversity and population structure in elite breeding material is of fundamental importance for the improvement of crops. The objectives of our study were to (a) examine the population structure and the genetic diversity in elite maize germplasm based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, (b) compare these results with those obtained from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, and (c) compare the coancestry coefficient calculated from pedigree records with genetic distance estimates calculated from SSR and SNP markers. Our study was based on 1,537 elite maize inbred lines genotyped with 359 SSR and 8,244 SNP markers. The average number of alleles per locus, of group specific alleles, and the gene diversity (D) were higher for SSRs than for SNPs. Modified Roger’s distance (MRD) estimates and membership probabilities of the STRUCTURE matrices were higher for SSR than for SNP markers but the germplasm organization in four heterotic pools was consistent with STRUCTURE results based on SSRs and SNPs. MRD estimates calculated for the two marker systems were highly correlated (0.87). Our results suggested that the same conclusions regarding the structure and the diversity of heterotic pools could be drawn from both markers types. Furthermore, although our results suggested that the ratio of the number of SSRs and SNPs required to obtain MRD or D estimates with similar precision is not constant across the various precision levels, we propose that between 7 and 11 times more SNPs than SSRs should be used for analyzing population structure and genetic diversity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00122-009-1256-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. PMID:20063144

  19. Realization of solid-state nanothermometer using Ge quantum-dot single-hole transistor in few-hole regime

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Chen, I. H.; Lai, W. T.; Li, P. W., E-mail: pwli@ee.ncu.edu.tw

    2014-06-16

    Semiconductor Ge quantum-dot (QD) thermometry has been demonstrated based on extraordinary temperature-dependent oscillatory differential conductance (G{sub D}) characteristics of Ge-QD single-hole transistors (SHTs) in the few-hole regime. Full-voltage width-at-half-minimum, V{sub 1/2}, of G{sub D} valleys appears to be fairly linear in the charge number (n) and temperature within the QD in a relationship of eV{sub 1/2} ≅ (1 − 0.11n) × 5.15k{sub B}T, providing the primary thermometric quantity. The depth of G{sub D} valley is also proportional to charging energy (E{sub C}) and 1/T via ΔG{sub D} ≅ E{sub C}/9.18k{sub B}T, providing another thermometric quantity. This experimental demonstration suggests our Ge-QD SHT offering effective building blocks for nanothermometersmore » over a wide temperature range with a detection temperature as high as 155 K in a spatial resolution less than 10 nm and temperature accuracy of sub-kelvin.« less

  20. 21 CFR 186.1256 - Clay (kaolin).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED) INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE Listing of Specific...-58-7) consists of hydrated aluminum silicate. The commercial products of clay (kaolin) contain... kaolin. Kaolinite or china clay is whiter, less contaminated with extraneous minerals, and less plastic...

  1. 21 CFR 186.1256 - Clay (kaolin).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED) INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE Listing of Specific...-58-7) consists of hydrated aluminum silicate. The commercial products of clay (kaolin) contain... kaolin. Kaolinite or china clay is whiter, less contaminated with extraneous minerals, and less plastic...

  2. 21 CFR 186.1256 - Clay (kaolin).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED) INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE Listing of Specific...-58-7) consists of hydrated aluminum silicate. The commercial products of clay (kaolin) contain... kaolin. Kaolinite or china clay is whiter, less contaminated with extraneous minerals, and less plastic...

  3. 21 CFR 186.1256 - Clay (kaolin).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED) INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE Listing of Specific...-58-7) consists of hydrated aluminum silicate. The commercial products of clay (kaolin) contain... kaolin. Kaolinite or china clay is whiter, less contaminated with extraneous minerals, and less plastic...

  4. 36 CFR 1256.36 - When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Presidential Libraries, and the Assistant Archivist for Records Services—Washington, DC, or their designated... documents in collections that have been open for research for less than 2 years. (c) In some cases, the...

  5. 36 CFR 1256.36 - When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Presidential Libraries, and the Assistant Archivist for Records Services—Washington, DC, or their designated... documents in collections that have been open for research for less than 2 years. (c) In some cases, the...

  6. 36 CFR 1256.32 - How do I request access to restricted information in donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... amount of effort. For files that NARA previously screened, you may cite the reference to the withheld..., a donor or his or her representative reserves the right to determine whether the donor's materials...

  7. 13 CFR 127.506 - May a joint venture submit an offer on an EDWOSB or WOSB requirement?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WOMEN-OWNED SMALL BUSINESS FEDERAL CONTRACT ASSISTANCE PROCEDURES Federal Contract... applicable percentage of work required of the EDWOSB or WOSB offerors in accordance with § 125.6 of this...

  8. 36 CFR 1256.56 - Information that would invade the privacy of a living individual.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... information may include, but is not limited to, information about the physical or mental health or the medical...) Researchers for the purpose of biomedical and social science research when such researchers have provided NARA...

  9. 36 CFR § 1256.56 - Information that would invade the privacy of a living individual.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... information may include, but is not limited to, information about the physical or mental health or the medical...) Researchers for the purpose of biomedical and social science research when such researchers have provided NARA...

  10. 36 CFR 1256.56 - Information that would invade the privacy of a living individual.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... information may include, but is not limited to, information about the physical or mental health or the medical...) Researchers for the purpose of biomedical and social science research when such researchers have provided NARA...

  11. 36 CFR 1256.36 - When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Presidential Libraries, and the Assistant Archivist for Records Services—Washington, DC, or their designated... documents in collections that have been open for research for less than 2 years. (c) In some cases, the...

  12. 36 CFR § 1256.36 - When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Presidential Libraries, and the Assistant Archivist for Records Services—Washington, DC, or their designated... documents in collections that have been open for research for less than 2 years. (c) In some cases, the...

  13. 36 CFR 1256.36 - When can I appeal decisions about access to donated historical materials?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Presidential Libraries, and the Assistant Archivist for Records Services—Washington, DC, or their designated... documents in collections that have been open for research for less than 2 years. (c) In some cases, the...

  14. A Novel Approach to Turbulence Stimulation for Ship-Model Testing

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-05-11

    surface. These holes were either part of the manufacturing of the plate or unused holes drilled for probes. To fill these holes, an epoxy -based...mixture was used, which was applied over a hole and the surrounding surfaces. Once the epoxy had cured, the model was wet sanded with several different...Suboff model is a generic submarine form developed by using two separate parabolic formulae for the bow and stern sections (Stettler, 2009). The 2-D

  15. Multispacecraft Observations and 3D Structure of Electromagnetic Electron Phase-Space Holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Holmes, J.; Ahmadi, N.; Ergun, R.; Wilder, F. D.; Newman, D. L.; Le Contel, O.; Torbert, R. B.; Burch, J. L.

    2017-12-01

    Electron phase-space holes are nonlinear plasma structures characterized by a unipolar trapping potential with a radial electric field. They commonly form from beam instabilities and other turbulent processes in many plasma environments. Due to their strong fields and long lifetimes, it has been hypothesized that phase-space holes can carry energy over long distances, contribute to large-scale currents, and accelerate individual particles to high energies. With electromagnetic field measurements at high cadence and precision on more than two spacecraft, we can compare the real 3D structure of electron phase-space holes to the models suggested by Andersson et al. (2009) and Treumann and Baumjohann (2012). In this case study, we consider a train of correlated electron phase-space holes observed by all four MMS spacecraft on the dusk flank within the magnetosphere. A number of the holes appear to pass directly through the 7 km tetrahedron formation. We use this data to compute the holes' phase velocity vector relative to the background magnetic field, and quantify their internal currents and associated magnetic moments. For these weak magnetic signatures, we find that the contribution from internal E×B0 currents is comparable to the v×E effect. This study will be interesting to compare with MMS observations in the magnetotail, which are expected to capture large, semi-relativistic phase-space holes with a strong magnetic component.

  16. Charge Density Dependent Hole Mobility and Density of States Throughout the Entire Finite Potential Window of Conductivity in Ionic Liquid Gated Poly(3-hexylthiophene)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Paulsen, Bryan D.; Frisbie, C. Daniel

    2012-02-01

    Ionic liquids, used in place of traditional gate dielectric materials, allow for the accumulation of very high 2D and 3D charge densities (>10^14 #/cm^2 and >10^21 #/cm^3 respectively) at low voltage (<5 V). Here we study the electrochemical gating of the benchmark semiconducting polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([EMI][FAP]). The electrochemical stability of [EMI][FAP] allowed the reproducible accumulation of 2 x 10^21 hole/cm^3, or one hole (and stabilizing anion dopant) per every two thiophene rings. A finite potential/charge density window of high electrical conductivity was observed with hole mobility reaching a maximum of 0.86 cm^2/V s at 0.12 holes per thiophene ring. Displacement current measurements, collected versus a calibrated reference electrode, allowed the mapping of the highly structured and extremely broad density of states of the P3HT/[EMI][FAP] doped composite. Variable temperature and charge density hole transport measurements revealed hole transport to be thermally activated and non-monotonic, displaying a activation energy minimum of ˜20 meV in the region of maximum conductivity and hole mobility. To show the generality of this result, the study was extended to an additional four ionic liquids and three semiconducting polymers.

  17. Compact Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Using Stubs Loaded Ring Resonator

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Jin

    2016-01-01

    This paper presents a novel second-order dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) by using proposed stubs loaded ring resonator. The resonant behavior of proposed stubs loaded ring resonator is analyzed by even-/odd-mode method, which shows its multiple-mode resonant characteristic. Parameters sweep is done so as to give the design guidelines. As an example, a second-order dual-band BPF operating at 1.8/5.2 GHz for GSM and WLAN applications is designed, fabricated and measured. The fabricated filter has a very compact size of 0.05λg×0.15λg. Measured results also show that the proposed dual-band BPF has a better than 20 dB rejection upper stopband from 5.47 GHz to 12.56 GHz. Good agreement is shown between the simulated and measured results.

  18. Meissner effect for axially symmetric charged black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gürlebeck, Norman; Scholtz, Martin

    2018-04-01

    In our previous work [N. Gürlebeck and M. Scholtz, Phys. Rev. D 95, 064010 (2017), 10.1103/PhysRevD.95.064010], we have shown that electric and magnetic fields are expelled from the horizons of extremal, stationary and axially symmetric uncharged black holes; this is called the Meissner effect for black holes. Here, we generalize this result in several directions. First, we allow that the black hole carries charge, which requires a generalization of the definition of the Meissner effect. Next, we introduce the notion of almost isolated horizons, which is weaker than the usual notion of isolated horizons, since the geometry of the former is not necessarily completely time independent. Moreover, we allow the horizon to be pierced by strings, thereby violating the usual assumption on the spherical topology made in the definition of the weakly isolated horizon. Finally, we spell out in detail all assumptions entering the proof and show that the Meissner effect is an inherent property of black holes even in full nonlinear theory.

  19. Hole-ness of point clouds

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gronz, Oliver; Seeger, Manuel; Klaes, Björn; Casper, Markus C.; Ries, Johannes B.

    2015-04-01

    Accurate and dense 3D models of soil surfaces can be used in various ways: They can be used as initial shapes for erosion models. They can be used as benchmark shapes for erosion model outputs. They can be used to derive metrics, such as random roughness... One easy and low-cost method to produce these models is structure from motion (SfM). Using this method, two questions arise: Does the soil moisture, which changes the colour, albedo and reflectivity of the soil, influence the model quality? How can the model quality be evaluated? To answer these questions, a suitable data set has been produced: soil has been placed on a tray and areas with different roughness structures have been formed. For different moisture states - dry, medium, saturated - and two different lighting conditions - direct and indirect - sets of high-resolution images at the same camera positions have been taken. From the six image sets, 3D point clouds have been produced using VisualSfM. The visual inspection of the 3D models showed that all models have different areas, where holes of different sizes occur. But it is obviously a subjective task to determine the model's quality by visual inspection. One typical approach to evaluate model quality objectively is to estimate the point density on a regular, two-dimensional grid: the number of 3D points in each grid cell projected on a plane is calculated. This works well for surfaces that do not show vertical structures. Along vertical structures, many points will be projected on the same grid cell and thus the point density rather depends on the shape of the surface but less on the quality of the model. Another approach has been applied by using the points resulting from Poisson Surface Reconstructions. One of this algorithm's properties is the filling of holes: new points are interpolated inside the holes. Using the original 3D point cloud and the interpolated Poisson point set, two analyses have been performed: For all Poisson points, the distance to the closest original point cloud member has been calculated. For the resulting set of distances, histograms have been produced that show the distribution of point distances. As the Poisson points also make up a connected mesh, the size and distribution of single holes can also be estimated by labeling Poisson points that belong to the same hole: each hole gets a specific number. Afterwards, the area of the mesh formed by each set of Poisson hole points can be calculated. The result is a set of distinctive holes and their sizes. The two approaches showed that the hole-ness of the point cloud depends on the soil moisture respectively the reflectivity: the distance distribution of the model of the saturated soil shows the smallest number of large distances. The histogram of the medium state shows more large distances and the dry model shows the largest distances. Models resulting from indirect lighting are better than the models resulting from direct light for all moisture states.

  20. The supermassive black hole coincident with the luminous transient ASASSN-15lh

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Krühler, T.; Fraser, M.; Leloudas, G.; Schulze, S.; Stone, N. C.; van Velzen, S.; Amorin, R.; Hjorth, J.; Jonker, P. G.; Kann, D. A.; Kim, S.; Kuncarayakti, H.; Mehner, A.; Nicuesa Guelbenzu, A.

    2018-02-01

    The progenitors of astronomical transients are linked to a specific stellar population and galactic environment, and observing their host galaxies hence constrains the physical nature of the transient itself. Here, we use imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope, and spatially resolved, medium-resolution spectroscopy from the Very Large Telescope obtained with X-shooter and MUSE to study the host of the very luminous transient ASASSN-15lh. The dominant stellar population at the transient site is old (around 1 to 2 Gyr) without signs of recent star formation. We also detect emission from ionized gas, originating from three different, time invariable, narrow components of collisionally excited metal and Balmer lines. The ratios of emission lines in the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich diagnostic diagram indicate that the ionization source is a weak active galactic nucleus with a black hole mass of M• = 5-3+8 × 108 M⊙, derived through the M•-σ relation. The narrow line components show spatial and velocity offsets on scales of 1 kpc and 500 km s-1, respectively; these offsets are best explained by gas kinematics in the narrow-line region. The location of the central component, which we argue is also the position of the supermassive black hole, aligns with that of the transient within an uncertainty of 170 pc. Using this positional coincidence as well as other similarities with the hosts of tidal disruption events, we strengthen the argument that the transient emission observed as ASASSN-15lh is related to the disruption of a star around a supermassive black hole, most probably spinning with a Kerr parameter a• ≳ 0.5. Based on observations at ESO, Program IDs: 097.D-1054, 297.B-5035, 099.D-0115.The data used in this manuscript are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (http://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/610/A14

  1. Informed peg-in-hole insertion using optical sensors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Paulos, Eric; Canny, John F.

    1993-08-01

    Peg-in-hole insertion is not only a longstanding problem in robotics but the most common automated mechanical assembly task. In this paper we present a high precision, self-calibrating peg-in-hole insertion strategy using several very simple, inexpensive, and accurate optical sensors. The self-calibrating feature allows us to achieve successful dead-reckoning insertions with tolerances of 25 microns without any accurate initial position information for the robot, pegs, or holes. The program we implemented works for any cylindrical peg, and the sensing steps do not depend on the peg diameter, which the program does not know. The key to the strategy is the use of a fixed sensor to localize both a mobile sensor and the peg, while the mobile sensor localizes the hole. Our strategy is extremely fast, localizing pegs as they are in route to their insertion location without pausing. The result is that insertion times are dominated by the transport time between pick and place operations.

  2. Analytical study of a Kerr-Sen black hole and a charged massive scalar field

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bernard, Canisius

    2017-11-01

    It is reported that Kerr-Newman and Kerr-Sen black holes are unstable to perturbations of charged massive scalar field. In this paper, we study analytically the complex frequencies which characterize charged massive scalar fields in a near-extremal Kerr-Sen black hole. For near-extremal Kerr-Sen black holes and for charged massive scalar fields in the eikonal large-mass M ≫μ regime, where M is the mass of the black hole, and μ is the mass of the charged scalar field, we have obtained a simple expression for the dimensionless ratio ωI/(ωR-ωc) , where ωI and ωR are, respectively, the imaginary and real parts of the frequency of the modes, and ωc is the critical frequency for the onset of super-radiance. We have also found our expression is consistent with the result of Hod [Phys. Rev. D 94, 044036 (2016), 10.1103/PhysRevD.94.044036] for the case of a near-extremal Kerr-Newman black hole and the result of Zouros and Eardly [Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 118, 139 (1979), 10.1016/0003-4916(79)90237-9] for the case of neutral scalar fields in the background of a near-extremal Kerr black hole.

  3. A maximally particle-hole asymmetric spectrum emanating from a semi-Dirac point.

    PubMed

    Quan, Yundi; Pickett, Warren E

    2018-02-21

    Tight binding models have proven an effective means of revealing Dirac (massless) dispersion, flat bands (infinite mass), and intermediate cases such as the semi-Dirac (sD) dispersion. This approach is extended to a three band model that yields, with chosen parameters in a two-band limit, a closed line with maximally asymmetric particle-hole dispersion: infinite mass holes, zero mass particles. The model retains the sD points for a general set of parameters. Adjacent to this limiting case, hole Fermi surfaces are tiny and needle-like. A pair of large electron Fermi surfaces at low doping merge and collapse at half filling to a flat (zero energy) closed contour with infinite mass along the contour and enclosing no carriers on either side, while the hole Fermi surface has shrunk to a point at zero energy, also containing no carriers. The tight binding model is used to study several characteristics of the dispersion and density of states. The model inspired generalization of sD dispersion to a general  ±[Formula: see text] form, for which analysis reveals that both n and m must be odd to provide a diabolical point with topological character. Evolution of the Hofstadter spectrum of this three band system with interband coupling strength is presented and discussed.

  4. A maximally particle-hole asymmetric spectrum emanating from a semi-Dirac point

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Quan, Yundi; Pickett, Warren E.

    2018-02-01

    Tight binding models have proven an effective means of revealing Dirac (massless) dispersion, flat bands (infinite mass), and intermediate cases such as the semi-Dirac (sD) dispersion. This approach is extended to a three band model that yields, with chosen parameters in a two-band limit, a closed line with maximally asymmetric particle-hole dispersion: infinite mass holes, zero mass particles. The model retains the sD points for a general set of parameters. Adjacent to this limiting case, hole Fermi surfaces are tiny and needle-like. A pair of large electron Fermi surfaces at low doping merge and collapse at half filling to a flat (zero energy) closed contour with infinite mass along the contour and enclosing no carriers on either side, while the hole Fermi surface has shrunk to a point at zero energy, also containing no carriers. The tight binding model is used to study several characteristics of the dispersion and density of states. The model inspired generalization of sD dispersion to a general  ± \\sqrt{k_x2n +k_y2m} form, for which analysis reveals that both n and m must be odd to provide a diabolical point with topological character. Evolution of the Hofstadter spectrum of this three band system with interband coupling strength is presented and discussed.

  5. Yield enhancement of 3D flash devices through broadband brightfield inspection of the channel hole process module

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, Jung-Youl; Seo, Il-Seok; Ma, Seong-Min; Kim, Hyeon-Soo; Kim, Jin-Woong; Kim, DoOh; Cross, Andrew

    2013-03-01

    The migration to a 3D implementation for NAND flash devices is seen as the leading contender to replace traditional planar NAND architectures. However the strategy of replacing shrinking design rules with greater aspect ratios is not without its own set of challenges. The yield-limiting defect challenges for the planar NAND front end were primarily bridges, protrusions and residues at the bottom of the gates, while the primary challenges for front end 3D NAND is buried particles, voids and bridges in the top, middle and bottom of high aspect ratio structures. Of particular interest are the yield challenges in the channel hole process module and developing an understanding of the contribution of litho and etch defectivity for this challenging new integration scheme. The key defectivity and process challenges in this module are missing, misshapen channel holes or under-etched channel holes as well as reducing noise sources related to other none yield limiting defect types and noise related to the process integration scheme. These challenges are expected to amplify as the memory density increases. In this study we show that a broadband brightfield approach to defect monitoring can be uniquely effective for the channel hole module. This approach is correlated to end-of-line (EOL) Wafer Bin Map for verification of capability.

  6. Probing the excited subband dispersion of holes confined to GaAs wide quantum wells

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jo, Insun; Liu, Yang; Deng, H.; Shayegan, M.; Pfeiffer, L. N.; West, K. W.; Baldwin, K. W.; Winkler, R.

    Owing to the strong spin-orbit coupling and their large effective mass, the two-dimensional (2D) holes in modulation-doped GaAs quantum wells provide a fertile test bed to study the rich physics of low-dimensional systems. In a wide quantum well, even at moderate 2D densities, the holes start to occupy the excited subband, a subband whose dispersion is very unusual and has a non-monotonic dependence on the wave vector. Here, we study a 2D hole system confined to a 40-nm-thick (001) GaAs quantum well and demonstrate that, via the application of both front and back gates, the density can be tuned in a wide range, between ~1 and 2 ×1011 cm-2. Using Fourier analysis of the low-field Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, we investigate the population of holes and the spin-orbit interaction induced spin-splitting in different subbands. We discuss the results in light of self-consistent quantum calculations of magneto-oscillations. Work support by the DOE BES (DE-FG02-00-ER45841), the NSF (Grants DMR-1305691 and MRSEC DMR-1420541), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant GBMF4420), and Keck Foundation for experiments, and the NSF Grant DMR-1310199 for calculations.

  7. 30 CFR 77.1500 - Auger mining; planning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... against any hazard to underground workings located at or near such auger operations and all auger holes... to the roof and ribs of active underground workings; and (d) Intersection of auger holes with...

  8. 30 CFR 77.1500 - Auger mining; planning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... against any hazard to underground workings located at or near such auger operations and all auger holes... to the roof and ribs of active underground workings; and (d) Intersection of auger holes with...

  9. 30 CFR 77.1500 - Auger mining; planning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... against any hazard to underground workings located at or near such auger operations and all auger holes... to the roof and ribs of active underground workings; and (d) Intersection of auger holes with...

  10. 30 CFR 77.1500 - Auger mining; planning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... against any hazard to underground workings located at or near such auger operations and all auger holes... to the roof and ribs of active underground workings; and (d) Intersection of auger holes with...

  11. Deformation of extremal black holes from stringy interactions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Baoyi; Stein, Leo C.

    2018-04-01

    Black holes are a powerful setting for studying general relativity and theories beyond GR. However, analytical solutions for rotating black holes in beyond-GR theories are difficult to find because of the complexity of such theories. In this paper, we solve for the deformation to the near-horizon extremal Kerr metric due to two example string-inspired beyond-GR theories: Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet and dynamical Chern-Simons theory. We accomplish this by making use of the enhanced symmetry group of NHEK and the weak-coupling limit of EdGB and dCS. We find that the EdGB metric deformation has a curvature singularity, while the dCS metric is regular. From these solutions, we compute orbital frequencies, horizon areas, and entropies. This sets the stage for analytically understanding the microscopic origin of black hole entropy in beyond-GR theories.

  12. The experimental research on electrodischarge drilling of high aspect ratio holes in Inconel 718

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lipiec, Piotr; Machno, Magdalena; Skoczypiec, Sebastian

    2018-05-01

    In recent years the drilling operations become important area of electrodischarge machining (EDM) application. This especially concerns drilling of, small (D< 1mm), cylindrical and high-aspect ratio (L/D > 10) holes in difficult-to-cut materials (i.e. nickel or titanium alloys). Drilling of such a holes is significantly beyond mechanical drilling capabilities. Therefore electrodischarge machining is good and cost efficient alternative for such application. EDM gives possibility to drill accurate, burr free and high aspect ratio holes and is applicable to machine wide range of conductive materials, irrespective of their hardness and toughness. However it is worth to underline its main disadvantages such as: significant tool wear, low material removal rate and poor surface integrity. The last one is especially important in reliable applications in aircraft or medical industry.

  13. Relation of large-scale coronal X-ray structure and cosmic rays. I - Sources of solar wind streams as defined by X-ray emission and H-alpha absorption features

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Krieger, A. S.; Nolte, J. T.; Sullivan, J. D.; Lazarus, A. J.; Mcintosh, P. S.; Gold, R. E.; Roelof, E. C.

    1975-01-01

    The large-scale structure of the corona and the interplanetary medium during Carrington rotations 1601-1607 is discussed relative to recurrent high-speed solar wind streams and their coronal sources. Only streams A, C, D, and F recur on more than one rotation. Streams A and D are associated with coronal holes, while C and F originate in the high corona (20-50 solar radii) over faint X-ray emissions. The association of the streams with holes is confirmed by earlier findings that there are no large equatorial holes without an associated high-speed stream and that the area of the equatorial region of coronal holes is highly correlated with the maximum velocity observed in the associated stream near 1 AU.

  14. 42 CFR 493.1256 - Standard: Control procedures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... for having control procedures that monitor the accuracy and precision of the complete analytic process..., include two control materials, including one that is capable of detecting errors in the extraction process... control materials having previously determined statistical parameters. (e) For reagent, media, and supply...

  15. 78 FR 1256 - Guam Military Base Realignment Contractor Recruitment Standards

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-08

    ... Contractor Recruitment Standards AGENCY: Employment and Training Administration, Labor. ACTION: Final notice... issuing this notice to announce recruitment standards that construction contractors are required to follow... B) by adding a new subsection (6). This provision prohibits contractors engaged in construction...

  16. Head-on collisions of unequal mass black holes in D=5 dimensions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Witek, Helvi; Cardoso, Vitor; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677

    We study head-on collisions of unequal mass black hole binaries in D=5 spacetime dimensions, with mass ratios between 1:1 and 1:4. Information about gravitational radiation is extracted by using the Kodama-Ishibashi gauge-invariant formalism and details of the apparent horizon of the final black hole. We present waveforms, total integrated energy and momentum for this process. Our results show surprisingly good agreement, within 5% or less, with those extrapolated from linearized, point-particle calculations. Our results also show that consistency with the area theorem bound requires that the same process in a large number of spacetime dimensions must display new features.

  17. Fusion splicing small-core photonic crystal fibers and single-mode fibers by controlled air hole collapse

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Xuanfeng; Chen, Zilun; Chen, Haihuan; Hou, Jing

    2012-11-01

    A method based on controlled air hole collapse for low-loss fusion splicing small-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) and single-mode fibers (SMFs) was demonstrated. A taper rig was used to control air hole collapse accurately to enlarge the MFDs of PCFs which was then spliced with SMFs using a fusion splicer. An optimum mode field match at the interface of PCF-SMF was achieved and a low-loss with 0.64 dB was obtained from 3.57 dB for a PCF with 4 μm MFD and a SMF with 10.4 μm MFD experimentally.

  18. Development of an orthotropic hole element

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Smith, C. V.; Markham, J. W.; Kelley, J. W.; Kathiresan, K.

    1981-01-01

    A finite element was developed which adequately represents the state of stress in the region around a circular hole in orthotropic material experiencing reasonably general loading. This was achieved with a complementary virtual work formulation of the stiffness and stress matrices for a square element with center circular hole. The assumed stress state provides zero shearing stress on the hole boundary, so the element is suitable for problems involving load transfer without friction. The element has been implemented in the NASTRAN computer program, and sample problem results are presented.

  19. Switching between attractive and repulsive Coulomb-interaction-mediated drag in an ambipolar GaAs/AlGaAs bilayer device

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zheng, B.; Croxall, A. F.; Waldie, J., E-mail: jw353@cam.ac.uk

    2016-02-08

    We present measurements of Coulomb drag in an ambipolar GaAs/AlGaAs double quantum well structure that can be configured as both an electron-hole bilayer and a hole-hole bilayer, with an insulating barrier of only 10 nm between the two quantum wells. Coulomb drag resistivity is a direct measure of the strength of interlayer particle-particle interactions. We explore the strongly interacting regime of low carrier densities (2D interaction parameter r{sub s} up to 14). Our ambipolar device design allows a comparison between the effects of the attractive electron-hole and repulsive hole-hole interactions and also shows the effects of the different effective masses ofmore » electrons and holes in GaAs.« less

  20. Exact quasinormal modes for a special class of black holes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Oliva, Julio; Troncoso, Ricardo; Centro de Ingenieria de la Innovacion del CECS

    2010-07-15

    Analytic exact expressions for the quasinormal modes of scalar and electromagnetic perturbations around a special class of black holes are found in d{>=}3 dimensions. It is shown that the size of the black hole provides a lower bound for the angular momentum of the perturbation. Quasinormal modes appear when this bound is fulfilled; otherwise the excitations become purely damped.

  1. Correlation induced electron-hole asymmetry in quasi- two-dimensional iridates.

    PubMed

    Pärschke, Ekaterina M; Wohlfeld, Krzysztof; Foyevtsova, Kateryna; van den Brink, Jeroen

    2017-09-25

    The resemblance of crystallographic and magnetic structures of the quasi-two-dimensional iridates Ba 2 IrO 4 and Sr 2 IrO 4 to La 2 CuO 4 points at an analogy to cuprate high-Tc superconductors, even if spin-orbit coupling is very strong in iridates. Here we examine this analogy for the motion of a charge (hole or electron) added to the antiferromagnetic ground state. We show that correlation effects render the hole and electron case in iridates very different. An added electron forms a spin polaron, similar to the cuprates, but the situation of a removed electron is far more complex. Many-body 5d 4 configurations form which can be singlet and triplet states of total angular momentum that strongly affect the hole motion. This not only has ramifications for the interpretation of (inverse-)photoemission experiments but also demonstrates that correlation physics renders electron- and hole-doped iridates fundamentally different.Some iridate compounds such as Sr 2 IrO 4 have electronic and atomic structures similar to quasi-2D copper oxides, raising the prospect of high temperature superconductivity. Here, the authors show that there is significant electron-hole asymmetry in iridates, contrary to expectations from the cuprates.

  2. Investigation of Spiral and Sweeping Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Thurman, Douglas; Poinsatte, Philip; Ameri, Ali; Culley, Dennis; Raghu, Surya; Shyam, Vikram

    2015-01-01

    Surface infrared thermography, hotwire anemometry, and thermocouple surveys were performed on two new film cooling hole geometries: spiral/rifled holes and fluidic sweeping holes. The spiral holes attempt to induce large-scale vorticity to the film cooling jet as it exits the hole to prevent the formation of the kidney shaped vortices commonly associated with film cooling jets. The fluidic sweeping hole uses a passive in-hole geometry to induce jet sweeping at frequencies that scale with blowing ratios. The spiral hole performance is compared to that of round holes with and without compound angles. The fluidic hole is of the diffusion class of holes and is therefore compared to a 777 hole and Square holes. A patent-pending spiral hole design showed the highest potential of the non-diffusion type hole configurations. Velocity contours and flow temperature were acquired at discreet cross-sections of the downstream flow field. The passive fluidic sweeping hole shows the most uniform cooling distribution but suffers from low span-averaged effectiveness levels due to enhanced mixing. The data was taken at a Reynolds number of 11,000 based on hole diameter and freestream velocity. Infrared thermography was taken for blowing rations of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 at a density ration of 1.05. The flow inside the fluidic sweeping hole was studied using 3D unsteady RANS.

  3. Reply to ``Comment on `Relation between copper {ital L} x-ray fluorescence and 2{ital p} x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies` ``

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kawai, J.; Maeda, K.; Nakajima, K.

    1995-08-15

    Ohno`s preceding Comment [Phys. Rev. B 52, 6127 (1995)] was based on experimental raw spectra of copper {ital L} x-ray emission. The Cu {ital L} x-ray emission spectra were, however, heavily smeared by the self-absorption effect, which was a source of contradiction. The electronic structure of divalent copper oxide was calculated placing one core hole and two 3{ital d} holes, with the result that the spectator 3{ital d} holes were delocalized in the adiabatic limit. This implies that the spectator 3{ital d} hole produced by the {ital L}{sub 1,2}{ital L}{sub 3}{ital M}{sub 4,5} Coster-Kronig transition preceding the {ital L}{sub 3}-{italmore » M} x-ray emission will be mostly delocalized at the time of the {ital L}{sub 3}-{ital M} x-ray emission, and thus the spectator satellite will be weaker than is expected for the free atom. Ohno did not consider this delocalization, which was another source of contradiction.« less

  4. Classical defects in higher-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear σ -models

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Prasetyo, Ilham; Ramadhan, Handhika S.

    2017-09-01

    We construct solutions of higher-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear σ -model with cosmological constant. The σ -model can be perceived as exterior configuration of a spontaneously-broken SO(D-1) global higher-codimensional "monopole". Here we allow the kinetic term of the σ -model to be noncanonical; in particular we specifically study a quadratic-power-law type. This is some possible higher-dimensional generalization of the Bariola-Vilenkin (BV) solutions with k-global monopole studied recently. The solutions can be perceived as the exterior solution of a black hole swallowing up noncanonical global defects. Even in the absence of comological constant its surrounding spacetime is asymptotically non-flat; it suffers from deficit solid angle. We discuss the corresponding horizons. For Λ >0 in 4 d there can exist three extremal conditions (the cold, ultracold, and Nariai black holes), while in higher-than-four dimensions the extremal black hole is only Nariai. For Λ <0 we only have black hole solutions with one horizon, save for the 4 d case where there can exist two horizons. We give constraints on the mass and the symmetry-breaking scale for the existence of all the extremal cases. In addition, we also obtain factorized solutions, whose topology is the direct product of two-dimensional spaces of constant curvature (M_2, dS_2, or AdS_2) with (D-2)-sphere. We study all possible factorized channels.

  5. The effects of massive graviton on the equilibrium between the black hole and radiation gas in an isolated box

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hu, Ya-Peng; Pan, Feng; Wu, Xin-Meng

    2017-09-01

    It is well known that the black hole can have temperature and radiate the particles with black body spectrum, i.e. Hawking radiation. Therefore, if the black hole is surrounded by an isolated box, there is a thermal equilibrium between the black hole and radiation gas. A simple case considering the thermal equilibrium between the Schwarzschild black hole and radiation gas in an isolated box has been well investigated previously in detail, i.e. taking the conservation of energy and principle of maximal entropy for the isolated system into account. In this paper, following the above spirit, the effects of massive graviton on the thermal equilibrium will be investigated. For the gravity with massive graviton, we will use the de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity which has been proven to be ghost free. Because the graviton mass depends on two parameters in the dRGT massive gravity, here we just investigate two simple cases related to the two parameters, respectively. Our results show that in the first case the massive graviton can suppress or increase the condensation of black hole in the radiation gas although the T-E diagram is similar as the Schwarzschild black hole case. For the second case, a new T-E diagram has been obtained. Moreover, an interesting and important prediction is that the condensation of black hole just increases from the zero radius of horizon in this case, which is very different from the Schwarzschild black hole case.

  6. Hole-mediated stabilization of cubic GaN.

    PubMed

    Dalpian, Gustavo M; Wei, Su-Huai

    2004-11-19

    We propose here a new approach to stabilize the cubic zinc-blende (ZB) phase by incorporation of impurities into a compound that has a hexagonal wurtzite (WZ) ground state. For GaN, we suggest that this can be achieved by adding 3d acceptors such as Zn, Mn, or Cu because the p-d repulsion between the 3d impurity levels and the valence band maximum is larger in the ZB phase than in the WZ phase. This makes the top of the valence states of the ZB structure higher than that of the WZ structure. As holes are created at the top of the valence states by the impurities, it will cost less energy for the holes to be created in the ZB structure, thus stabilizing this phase. Our first-principles total energy calculations confirm this novel idea.

  7. Overview of the 2006-2008 JOGMEC/NRCan/Aurora Mallik Gas Hydrate Production Test Program

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yamamoto, K.; Dallimore, S. R.

    2008-12-01

    During the winters of 2007 and 2008 the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC) and Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), with Aurora Research Institute as the operator, carried out an on-shore gas hydrate production test program at the Mallik site, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada. The prime objective of the program was to verify the feasibility of depressurization technique by drawing down the formation pressure across a 12m perforated gas hydrate bearing section. This project was the second full scale production test at this site following the 2002 Japex/JNOC/GSC et al Mallik research program in which seven participants organizatinos from five countries undertook a thermal test using hot water circulation Field work in 2007 was devoted to establishing a production test well, installing monitoring devices outside of casing, conducting base line geophysical studies and undertaking a short test to gain practical experience prior to longer term testing planned for 2008 . Hydrate-dissociated gas was produced to surface by depressurization achieved by lowering the fluid level with a dowhole pump. However, the operation was terminated 60 hours after the start of the pumping mainly due to sand production problems. In spite of the short period (12.5 hours of ellapsed pumping time), at least 830m3 of the gas was produced and accumulated in the borehole. Sand screens were installed across the perforated interval at the bottom hole for the 2008 program to overcome operational problems encountered in 2007 and achieve sustainable gas production. Stable bottom hole flowing pressures were successfully achieved during a 6 day test with continuous pump operation. Sustained gas production was achieved with rates between 2000- 4000m3/day and cummulative gas volume in the surface of approximately 13,000m3. Temperature and pressure data measured at the bottom hole and gas and water production rates gave positive evidence for the high efficiency of gas production through depressurization method. Pre and post produciton testing geophysical logging program, geochemical analyses and monitoring tools outside of the casing also derived the supporting data for the formation responses to the depressurization. Acknowledgements: METI, MH21, JOGMEC and NRCan, Government of NWT, 2002 partners, IPM, R&D team members.

  8. Magnetic

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Aboud, Essam; El-Masry, Nabil; Qaddah, Atef; Alqahtani, Faisal; Moufti, Mohammed R. H.

    2015-06-01

    The Rahat volcanic field represents one of the widely distributed Cenozoic volcanic fields across the western regions of the Arabian Peninsula. Its human significance stems from the fact that its northern fringes, where the historical eruption of 1256 A.D. took place, are very close to the holy city of Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah. In the present work, we analyzed aeromagnetic data from the northern part of Rahat volcanic field as well as carried out a ground gravity survey. A joint interpretation and inversion of gravity and magnetic data were used to estimate the thickness of the lava flows, delineate the subsurface structures of the study area, and estimate the depth to basement using various geophysical methods, such as Tilt Derivative, Euler Deconvolution and 2D modeling inversion. Results indicated that the thickness of the lava flows in the study area ranges between 100 m (above Sea Level) at the eastern and western boundaries of Rahat Volcanic field and getting deeper at the middle as 300-500 m. It also showed that, major structural trend is in the NW direction (Red Sea trend) with some minor trends in EW direction.

  9. 40 CFR Appendix - Tables to Part 132

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...-Bromophenyl phenyl ether Butyl benzyl phthalate Cadmium Carbon tetrachloride; tetrachloromethane Chlorobenzene...) phthalate Diazinon 1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene; dibenz[a,h]anthracene Dibutyl phthalate; di-n-butyl phthalate 1...-dichloropropylene Diethyl phthalate 2,4-Dimethylphenol; 2,4-xylenol Dimethyl phthalate 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol; 2...

  10. New insights into the near-IR spectroscopy of the young variable PV Cep

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lorenzetti, D.; Giannini, T.; Antoniucci, S.; Kopatskaya, E. N.; Larionov, V.; Arkharov, A. A.; Di Paola, A.; Nisini, B.

    2015-08-01

    During our EXor monitoring programme dubbed EXORCISM (EXOR OptiCal and Infrared Systematic Monitoring - Antoniucci et al. 2013 PPVI, Lorenzetti et al. 2007 ApJ 665, 1182), we have been observing the variable source PV Cep (ATel #1256; #1607).

  11. 36 CFR 1256.24 - How long may access to some records be denied?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... many records are open for research, some records are closed for long periods, either under our general... with 44 U.S.C. 2108(b), we do not grant access to restricted census and survey records of the Bureau of...

  12. 36 CFR 1256.24 - How long may access to some records be denied?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... many records are open for research, some records are closed for long periods, either under our general... with 44 U.S.C. 2108(b), we do not grant access to restricted census and survey records of the Bureau of...

  13. 36 CFR 1256.24 - How long may access to some records be denied?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... many records are open for research, some records are closed for long periods, either under our general... with 44 U.S.C. 2108(b), we do not grant access to restricted census and survey records of the Bureau of...

  14. Federal Retirement Reform Act of 2009

    THOMAS, 111th Congress

    Rep. Towns, Edolphus [D-NY-10

    2009-03-31

    House - 04/27/2009 Referred to the Subcommittee on Military Personnel. (All Actions) Notes: For further action, see H.R.1256, which became Public Law 111-31 on 6/22/2009. Tracker: This bill has the status Passed HouseHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  15. 77 FR 39721 - Proposed Flood Hazard Determinations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-05

    ..., identified by Docket No. FEMA-B-1256, to Luis Rodriguez, Chief, Engineering Management Branch, Federal..., Engineering Management Branch, Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration, FEMA, 500 C Street SW..., 2040 Hay Terrace, Easton, PA 18042. Borough of Wind Gap Borough Offices, 29 Mechanic Street, Wind Gap...

  16. Effects of bleed-hole geometry and plenum pressure on three-dimensional shock-wave/boundary-layer/bleed interactions

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chyu, Wei J.; Rimlinger, Mark J.; Shih, Tom I.-P.

    1993-01-01

    A numerical study was performed to investigate 3D shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions on a flat plate with bleed through one or more circular holes that vent into a plenum. This study was focused on how bleed-hole geometry and pressure ratio across bleed holes affect the bleed rate and the physics of the flow in the vicinity of the holes. The aspects of the bleed-hole geometry investigated include angle of bleed hole and the number of bleed holes. The plenum/freestream pressure ratios investigated range from 0.3 to 1.7. This study is based on the ensemble-averaged, 'full compressible' Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations closed by the Baldwin-Lomax algebraic turbulence model. Solutions to the ensemble-averaged N-S equations were obtained by an implicit finite-volume method using the partially-split, two-factored algorithm of Steger on an overlapping Chimera grid.

  17. Filling the gap of existing MWA-VCS archival data

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xue, M.; Bhat, R.; Tremblay, S.; Ord, S.; Sobey, C.; Kirsten, F.

    2017-01-01

    Since July 2014, around 110 hours of high time resolution voltage data observed by MWA Voltage Capture System (VCS; Tremblay et al. 2015) have been archived on tapes in the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. Except some short duration test data and calibration data, the total amount of the observation data which have a duration longer than 400 s is 84 hours. These data cover a significant portion of a lot of the Southern sky and could be used for many science purposes including radio pulsars census and fast radio bursts (FRBs) searching. But there are still some 'holes' in the sky that we do not have VCS archival data for yet. We are proposing a set of MWA-VCS drift scan observations of 3 hours to fill some of these 'holes' and help provide a more complete MWA-VCS data set. We will also census known (cataloged) pulsars in these areas. These observations would be performed between 170-200 MHz. This project will form part of the PhD program of Mengyao Xue.

  18. Cosmic matrix in the jubilee of relativistic astrophysics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ruffini, R.; Aimuratov, Y.; Belinski, V.; Bianco, C. L.; Enderli, M.; Izzo, L.; Kovacevic, M.; Mathews, G. J.; Moradi, R.; Muccino, M.; Penacchioni, A. V.; Pisani, G. B.; Rueda, J. A.; Vereshchagin, G. V.; Wang, Y.; Xue, S.-S.

    2015-12-01

    Following the classical works on Neutron Stars, Black Holes and Cosmology, I outline some recent results obtained in the IRAP-PhD program of ICRANet on the "Cosmic Matrix": a new astrophysical phenomenon recorded by the X- and Gamma-Ray satellites and by the largest ground based optical telescopes all over our planet. In 3 minutes it has been recorded the occurrence of a "Supernova", the "Induced-Gravitational-Collapse" on a Neutron Star binary, the formation of a "Black Hole", and the creation of a "Newly Born Neutron Star". This presentation is based on a document describing activities of ICRANet and recent developments of the paradigm of the Cosmic Matrix in the comprehension of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) presented on the occasion of the Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on Recent Developments in Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation, and Relativistic Field Theory. A Portuguese version of this document can be downloaded at: http://www.icranet.org/documents/brochure_icranet_pt.pdf.

  19. MA130301GT catalogue of Martian impact craters and advanced evaluation of crater detection algorithms using diverse topography and image datasets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Salamunićcar, Goran; Lončarić, Sven; Pina, Pedro; Bandeira, Lourenço; Saraiva, José

    2011-01-01

    Recently, all the craters from the major currently available manually assembled catalogues have been merged into the catalogue with 57 633 known Martian impact craters (MA57633GT). In addition, the work on crater detection algorithm (CDA), developed to search for still uncatalogued impact craters using 1/128° MOLA data, resulted in MA115225GT. In parallel with this work another CDA has been developed which resulted in the Stepinski catalogue containing 75 919 craters (MA75919T). The new MA130301GT catalogue presented in this paper is the result of: (1) overall merger of MA115225GT and MA75919T; (2) 2042 additional craters found using Shen-Castan based CDA from the previous work and 1/128° MOLA data; and (3) 3129 additional craters found using CDA for optical images from the previous work and selected regions of 1/256° MDIM, 1/256° THEMIS-DIR, and 1/256° MOC datasets. All craters from MA130301GT are manually aligned with all used datasets. For all the craters that originate from the used catalogues (Barlow, Rodionova, Boyce, Kuzmin, Stepinski) we integrated all the attributes available in these catalogues. With such an approach MA130301GT provides everything that was included in these catalogues, plus: (1) the correlation between various morphological descriptors from used catalogues; (2) the correlation between manually assigned attributes and automated depth/diameter measurements from MA75919T and our CDA; (3) surface dating which has been improved in resolution globally; (4) average errors and their standard deviations for manually and automatically assigned attributes such as position coordinates, diameter, depth/diameter ratio, etc.; and (5) positional accuracy of features in the used datasets according to the defined coordinate system referred to as MDIM 2.1, which incorporates 1232 globally distributed ground control points, while our catalogue contains 130 301 cross-references between each of the used datasets. Global completeness of MA130301GT is up to ˜ D≥2 km (it contains 85 783 such craters, while the smallest D is 0.924 km). This is a considerable improvement in comparison with the completeness of the Rodionova (˜10 km), Barlow (˜5 km) and Stepinski (˜3 km) catalogues. An accompanying result to the new catalogue is a contribution to the evaluation of CDAs - the following methods have been developed: (1) a new context-aware method for the advanced automated registration of craters with GT catalogues; (2) a new method for manual registration of newly found craters into GT catalogues; and (3) additional new accompanying methods for objective evaluation of CDAs using different datasets including optical images.

  20. Precision hole punching on composite fiber reinforced polymer panels

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abdullah, A. B.; Zain, M. S. M.; Chan, H. Y.; Samad, Z.

    2017-12-01

    Structural materials, such as composite panels, can only be assembled, and in most cases through the use of fasteners, which are fitted into the drilled holes. However, drilling is costly and time consuming, thus affecting productivity. This research aims to develop an alternative method to drilling. In this paper, the precision of the holes was measured and the effects of the die clearance to the areas around the holes were evaluated. Measurement and evaluation were performed based on the profile of the holes constructed using Alicona IFM, a 3D surface measurement technique. Results showed that punching is a potential alternative to drilling but still requires improvements.

  1. The remnants in Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter quintessence black hole

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Feng, Zhongwen; Zhang, Li; Zu, Xiaotao

    2014-08-01

    According to the effects of quantum gravity, we investigated the fermion tunneling from the Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter quintessence (RN-dSQ) black hole. The corrected temperature is not only determined by the mass and charge of the black hole, but also depended on the quantum number of the emitted fermion and β, which is a small value representing the effects of quantum gravity. The effects of quantum gravity slowed down the increase of the temperature and led to the remnants of the black hole. We think it is a method to avoid the information loss paradox of black holes.

  2. Static Einstein-Maxwell Black Holes with No Spatial Isometries in AdS Space.

    PubMed

    Herdeiro, Carlos A R; Radu, Eugen

    2016-11-25

    We explicitly construct static black hole solutions to the fully nonlinear, D=4, Einstein-Maxwell-anti-de Sitter (AdS) equations that have no continuous spatial symmetries. These black holes have a smooth, topologically spherical horizon (section), but without isometries, and approach, asymptotically, global AdS spacetime. They are interpreted as bound states of a horizon with the Einstein-Maxwell-AdS solitons recently discovered, for appropriate boundary data. In sharp contrast to the uniqueness results for a Minkowski electrovacuum, the existence of these black holes shows that single, equilibrium, black hole solutions in an AdS electrovacuum admit an arbitrary multipole structure.

  3. Black Hole Simulation

    NASA Image and Video Library

    1999-11-30

    This graphic shows the computer simulation of a black hole from start to finish. Plasma is falling slowly toward the black hole in a (at the upper left). The plasma has a magnetic field, shown by the white lines. It picks up speed as it falls toward the hole in b (at the upper right), c (lower left) and d (lower right). However, the rotating black hole twists up space itself (and the magnetic field lines) and ejects electromagnetic power along the north and south poles above the black hole. The red and white color shows the immense electromagnetic power output, which eventually will pick up particles and form squirting jets. This simulation was conducted using supercomputers at Japan's National Institute for Fusion Science. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04206

  4. Smoke over Jackson Hole, Wyoming

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2001-08-01

    This anaglyph from the MISR instrument aboard NASA Terra spacecraft shows the area around Jackson Hole, Wyoming, where the Green Knoll forest fire raged for many days in July, 2001. 3D glasses are necessary to view this image.

  5. No hair theorem in quasi-dilaton massive gravity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wu, De-Jun; Zhou, Shuang-Yong

    We investigate the static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions in the quasi-dilaton model and its generalizations, which are scalar extended dRGT massive gravity with a shift symmetry. We show that, unlike generic scalar extended massive gravity models, these theories do not admit static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions until the theory parameters in the dRGT potential are fine-tuned. When fine-tuned, the geometry of the static, spherically symmetric black hole is necessarily that of general relativity and the quasi-dilaton field is constant across the spacetime. The fine-tuning and the no hair theorem apply to black holes with flat, anti-de Sitter ormore » de Sitter asymptotics. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3).« less

  6. No hair theorem in quasi-dilaton massive gravity

    DOE PAGES

    Wu, De-Jun; Zhou, Shuang-Yong

    2016-04-11

    We investigate the static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions in the quasi-dilaton model and its generalizations, which are scalar extended dRGT massive gravity with a shift symmetry. We show that, unlike generic scalar extended massive gravity models, these theories do not admit static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions until the theory parameters in the dRGT potential are fine-tuned. When fine-tuned, the geometry of the static, spherically symmetric black hole is necessarily that of general relativity and the quasi-dilaton field is constant across the spacetime. The fine-tuning and the no hair theorem apply to black holes with flat, anti-de Sitter ormore » de Sitter asymptotics. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3).« less

  7. AdS3 to dS3 transition in the near horizon of asymptotically de Sitter solutions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sadeghian, S.; Vahidinia, M. H.

    2017-08-01

    We consider two solutions of Einstein-Λ theory which admit the extremal vanishing horizon (EVH) limit, odd-dimensional multispinning Kerr black hole (in the presence of cosmological constant) and cosmological soliton. We show that the near horizon EVH geometry of Kerr has a three-dimensional maximally symmetric subspace whose curvature depends on rotational parameters and the cosmological constant. In the Kerr-dS case, this subspace interpolates between AdS3 , three-dimensional flat and dS3 by varying rotational parameters, while the near horizon of the EVH cosmological soliton always has a dS3 . The feature of the EVH cosmological soliton is that it is regular everywhere on the horizon. In the near EVH case, these three-dimensional parts turn into the corresponding locally maximally symmetric spacetimes with a horizon: Kerr-dS3 , flat space cosmology or BTZ black hole. We show that their thermodynamics match with the thermodynamics of the original near EVH black holes. We also briefly discuss the holographic two-dimensional CFT dual to the near horizon of EVH solutions.

  8. Leading edge film cooling effects on turbine blade heat transfer

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Garg, Vijay K.; Gaugler, Raymond E.

    1995-01-01

    An existing three dimensional Navier-Stokes code, modified to include film cooling considerations, has been used to study the effect of spanwise pitch of shower-head holes and coolant to mainstream mass flow ratio on the adiabatic effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient on a film-cooled turbine vane. The mainstream is akin to that under real engine conditions with stagnation temperature = 1900 K and stagnation pressure = 3 MPa. It is found that with the coolant to mainstream mass flow ratio fixed, reducing P, the spanwise pitch for shower-head holes, from 7.5 d to 3.0 d, where d is the hole diameter, increases the average effectiveness considerably over the blade surface. However, when P/d= 7.5, increasing the coolant mass flow increases the effectiveness on the pressure surface but reduces it on the suction surface due to coolant jet lift-off. For P/d = 4.5 or 3.0, such an anomaly does not occur within the range of coolant to mainstream mass flow ratios analyzed. In all cases, adiabatic effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient are highly three-dimensional.

  9. Asymptotically flat, stable black hole solutions in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory.

    PubMed

    Brihaye, Yves; Radu, Eugen; Tchrakian, D H

    2011-02-18

    We construct finite mass, asymptotically flat black hole solutions in d=5 Einstein-Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory. Our results indicate the existence of a second order phase transition between Reissner-Nordström solutions and the non-Abelian black holes which generically are thermodynamically preferred. Some of the non-Abelian configurations are also stable under linear, spherically symmetric perturbations.

  10. Mapping to Irregular Torus Topologies and Other Techniques for Petascale Biomolecular Simulation

    PubMed Central

    Phillips, James C.; Sun, Yanhua; Jain, Nikhil; Bohm, Eric J.; Kalé, Laxmikant V.

    2014-01-01

    Currently deployed petascale supercomputers typically use toroidal network topologies in three or more dimensions. While these networks perform well for topology-agnostic codes on a few thousand nodes, leadership machines with 20,000 nodes require topology awareness to avoid network contention for communication-intensive codes. Topology adaptation is complicated by irregular node allocation shapes and holes due to dedicated input/output nodes or hardware failure. In the context of the popular molecular dynamics program NAMD, we present methods for mapping a periodic 3-D grid of fixed-size spatial decomposition domains to 3-D Cray Gemini and 5-D IBM Blue Gene/Q toroidal networks to enable hundred-million atom full machine simulations, and to similarly partition node allocations into compact domains for smaller simulations using multiple-copy algorithms. Additional enabling techniques are discussed and performance is reported for NCSA Blue Waters, ORNL Titan, ANL Mira, TACC Stampede, and NERSC Edison. PMID:25594075

  11. Efficient Creation of Overset Grid Hole Boundaries and Effects of Their Locations on Aerodynamic Loads

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chan, William Machado; Pandya, Shishir Ashok; Rogers, Stuart E.

    2013-01-01

    Recent developments on the automation of the X-rays approach to hole-cutting in over- set grids is further improved. A fast method to compute an auxiliary wall-distance function used in providing a rst estimate of the hole boundary location is introduced. Subsequent iterations lead to automatically-created hole boundaries with a spatially-variable o set from the minimum hole. For each hole boundary location, an averaged cell attribute measure over all fringe points is used to quantify the compatibility between the fringe points and their respective donor cells. The sensitivity of aerodynamic loads to di erent hole boundary locations and cell attribute compatibilities is investigated using four test cases: an isolated re-entry capsule, a two-rocket con guration, the AIAA 4th Drag Prediction Workshop Common Research Model (CRM), and the D8 \\Double Bubble" subsonic aircraft. When best practices in hole boundary treatment are followed, only small variations in integrated loads and convergence rates are observed for different hole boundary locations.

  12. Hole doping and pressure effects on the II-II-V-based diluted magnetic semiconductor ( B a 1 - x K x ) ( Z n 1 - y M n y ) 2 A s 2

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sun, F.; Zhao, G. Q.; Escanhoela, Jr., C. A.

    We investigate doping- and pressure-induced changes in the electronic state of Mn 3d and As 4p orbitals in II-II-V based diluted magnetic semiconductor (Ba 1-x,K x)(Zn 1-y,Mn y) 2As 2 to shed light into the mechanism of indirect exchange interactions leading to high ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T c = 230 K in optimally doped samples). A suite of x-ray spectroscopy experiments (emission, absorption and dichroism) show that the emergence, and further enhancement of ferromagnetic interactions with increased hole doping into the As 4p band is accompanied by a decrease in local 3d spin density at Mn sites. This is amore » result of increasing Mn 3d - As 4p hybridization with hole doping which enhances indirect exchange interactions between Mn dopants and gives rise to induced magnetic polarization in As 4p states. On the contrary, application of pressure suppresses exchange interactions. While Mn Kβ emission spectra show a weak response of 3d state to pressure, clear As 4p band broadening (hole delocalization) is observed under pressure ultimately leading to loss of ferromagnetism concomitant with a semiconductor to metal transition. The pressure response of As 4p and Mn 3d states is intimately connected with the evolution of the As-As interlayer distance and the geometry of the MnAs 4 tetrahedral units, which we probed with X-ray diffraction. Our results indicate that hole doping increases the degree of covalency between the anion (As) p states and cation (Mn) d states in the MnA s4 tetrahedron, a crucial ingredient to promote indirect exchange interactions between Mn dopants and high T c ferromagnetism. As a result, the instability of ferromagnetism and semiconducting state against pressure is mainly dictated by delocalization of anion p states.« less

  13. Hole doping and pressure effects on the II-II-V-based diluted magnetic semiconductor ( B a 1 - x K x ) ( Z n 1 - y M n y ) 2 A s 2

    DOE PAGES

    Sun, F.; Zhao, G. Q.; Escanhoela, Jr., C. A.; ...

    2017-03-13

    We investigate doping- and pressure-induced changes in the electronic state of Mn 3d and As 4p orbitals in II-II-V based diluted magnetic semiconductor (Ba 1-x,K x)(Zn 1-y,Mn y) 2As 2 to shed light into the mechanism of indirect exchange interactions leading to high ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T c = 230 K in optimally doped samples). A suite of x-ray spectroscopy experiments (emission, absorption and dichroism) show that the emergence, and further enhancement of ferromagnetic interactions with increased hole doping into the As 4p band is accompanied by a decrease in local 3d spin density at Mn sites. This is amore » result of increasing Mn 3d - As 4p hybridization with hole doping which enhances indirect exchange interactions between Mn dopants and gives rise to induced magnetic polarization in As 4p states. On the contrary, application of pressure suppresses exchange interactions. While Mn Kβ emission spectra show a weak response of 3d state to pressure, clear As 4p band broadening (hole delocalization) is observed under pressure ultimately leading to loss of ferromagnetism concomitant with a semiconductor to metal transition. The pressure response of As 4p and Mn 3d states is intimately connected with the evolution of the As-As interlayer distance and the geometry of the MnAs 4 tetrahedral units, which we probed with X-ray diffraction. Our results indicate that hole doping increases the degree of covalency between the anion (As) p states and cation (Mn) d states in the MnA s4 tetrahedron, a crucial ingredient to promote indirect exchange interactions between Mn dopants and high T c ferromagnetism. As a result, the instability of ferromagnetism and semiconducting state against pressure is mainly dictated by delocalization of anion p states.« less

  14. Hole doping and pressure effects on the II-II-V-based diluted magnetic semiconductor (B a1 -xKx ) (Zn1-yM ny ) 2A s2

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, F.; Zhao, G. Q.; Escanhoela, C. A.; Chen, B. J.; Kou, R. H.; Wang, Y. G.; Xiao, Y. M.; Chow, P.; Mao, H. K.; Haskel, D.; Yang, W. G.; Jin, C. Q.

    2017-03-01

    We investigate doping- and pressure-induced changes in the electronic state of Mn 3 d and As 4 p orbitals in II-II-V-based diluted magnetic semiconductor (B a1 -xKx ) (Zn1-yM ny ) 2A s2 to shed light into the mechanism of indirect exchange interactions leading to high ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T c =230 K in optimally doped samples). A suite of x-ray spectroscopy experiments (emission, absorption, and dichroism) show that the emergence and further enhancement of ferromagnetic interactions with increased hole doping into the As 4 p band is accompanied by a decrease in local 3 d spin density at Mn sites. This is a result of increasing Mn 3 d -As 4 p hybridization with hole doping, which enhances indirect exchange interactions between Mn dopants and gives rise to induced magnetic polarization in As 4 p states. On the contrary, application of pressure suppresses exchange interactions. While Mn K β emission spectra show a weak response of 3 d states to pressure, clear As 4 p band broadening (hole delocalization) is observed under pressure, ultimately leading to loss of ferromagnetism concomitant with a semiconductor to metal transition. The pressure response of As 4 p and Mn 3 d states is intimately connected with the evolution of the As-As interlayer distance and the geometry of the MnA s4 tetrahedral units, which we probed with x-ray diffraction. Our results indicate that hole doping increases the degree of covalency between the anion (As) p states and cation (Mn) d states in the MnA s4 tetrahedron, a crucial ingredient to promote indirect exchange interactions between Mn dopants and high T c ferromagnetism. The instability of ferromagnetism and semiconducting states against pressure is mainly dictated by delocalization of anion p states.

  15. A precursor to the beta-pyranosides of 3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose (mycosamine).

    PubMed

    Alais, J; David, S

    1992-06-04

    SN2-type reaction of 3-O-(1-imidazyl)sulfonyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-gluco furanose with benzoate gave the 3-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-allo derivative 2, which was hydrolysed to give the 5,6-diol 3. Compound 3 was converted into the 6-deoxy-6-iodo derivative 4 which was reduced with tributylstannane, and then position 5 was protected by benzyloxymethylation, to give 3-O-benzoyl-5-O-benzyloxymethyl-6-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha -D- allofuranose (6). Debenzoylation of 6 gave 7, (1-imidazyl)sulfonylation gave 8, and azide displacement gave 3-azido-5-O-benzyloxymethyl-3,6-dideoxy- 1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranose (9, 85%). Acetolysis of 9 gave 1,2,4-tri-O-acetyl-3-azido-3,6-dideoxy-alpha,beta-D-glucopyranose (10 and 11). Selective hydrolysis of AcO-1 in the mixture of 10 and 11 with hydrazine acetate (----12), followed by conversion into the pyranosyl chloride 13, treatment with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide, and benzylation gave 3-azido-4-O-benzyl-3,6-dideoxy-1,2-O-(1-methoxyethylidene)-alpha-D -glucopyranose (15). Treatment of 15 with dry acetic acid gave 1,2-di-O-acetyl-3-azido-4-O-benzyl-3,6-dideoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose (16, 86% yield) that was an excellent glycosyl donor in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate, allowing the synthesis of cyclohexyl 2-O-acetyl-3-azido-4-O-benzyl-3,6-dideoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (17, 90%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

  16. Analysis and 3D inspection system of drill holes in aeronautical surfaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Rubio, R.; Granero, L.; Sanz, M.; García, J.; Micó, V.

    2017-06-01

    In aerospace industry, the structure of the aircraft is assembled using small parts or a combination of them that are made with different materials, such as for instance aluminium, titanium, composites or even 3D printed parts. The union between these small parts is a critical point for the integrity of the aircraft. The quality of this union will decide the fatigue of adjacent components and therefore the useful life of them. For the union process the most extended method is the rivets, mainly because their low cost and easy manufacturing. For this purpose it is necessary to made drill holes in the aeronautical surface to insert the rivets. In this contribution, we present the preliminary results of a 3D inspection system [1] for drill holes analysis in aeronautical surfaces. The system, based in optical triangulation, was developed by the Group of Optoelectronic Image Processing from the University of Valencia in the framework of the Airbus Defence and Space (AD&S), MINERVA project (Manufacturing industrial - means emerging from validated automation). The capabilities of the system permits to generate a point cloud with 3D information and GD&T (geometrical dimensions and tolerances) characteristics of the drill hole. For the inner surface defects detection, the system can generate an inner image of the drill hole with a scaled axis to obtain the defect position. In addition, we present the analysis performed for the drills in the wing station of the A-400 M. In this analysis the system was tested for diameters in the range of [10 - 15.96] mm, and for Carbon Fibre.

  17. Qubit and fermionic Fock spaces from type II superstring black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Belhaj, A.; Bensed, M.; Benslimane, Z.; Sedra, M. B.; Segui, A.

    Using Hodge diagram combinatorial data, we study qubit and fermionic Fock spaces from the point of view of type II superstring black holes based on complex compactifications. Concretely, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between qubits, fermionic spaces and extremal black holes in maximally supersymmetric supergravity obtained from type II superstring on complex toroidal and Calabi-Yau compactifications. We interpret the differential forms of the n-dimensional complex toroidal compactification as states of n-qubits encoding information on extremal black hole charges. We show that there are 2n copies of n qubit systems which can be split as 2n = 2n-1 + 2n-1. More precisely, 2n-1 copies are associated with even D-brane charges in type IIA superstring and the other 2n-1 ones correspond to odd D-brane charges in IIB superstring. This correspondence is generalized to a class of Calabi-Yau manifolds. In connection with black hole charges in type IIA superstring, an n-qubit system has been obtained from a canonical line bundle of n factors of one-dimensional projective space ℂℙ1.

  18. Rholography, black holes and Scherk-Schwarz

    DOE PAGES

    Gaddam, Nava; Gnecchi, Alessandra; Vandoren, Stefan; ...

    2015-06-10

    We present a construction of a class of near-extremal asymptotically flat black hole solutions in four (or five) dimensional gauged supergravity with R-symmetry gaugings obtained from Scherk-Schwarz reductions on a circle. The entropy of these black holes is counted holographically by the well known MSW (or D1/D5) system, with certain twisted boundary conditions labeled by a twist parameter ρ. Here, we find that the corresponding (0, 4) (or (4, 4)) superconformal algebras are exactly those studied by Schwimmer and Seiberg, using a twist on the outer automorphism group. The interplay between R-symmetries, ρ-algebras and holography leads us to name ourmore » construction “Rholography”.« less

  19. Rholography, black holes and Scherk-Schwarz

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gaddam, Nava; Gnecchi, Alessandra; Vandoren, Stefan

    We present a construction of a class of near-extremal asymptotically flat black hole solutions in four (or five) dimensional gauged supergravity with R-symmetry gaugings obtained from Scherk-Schwarz reductions on a circle. The entropy of these black holes is counted holographically by the well known MSW (or D1/D5) system, with certain twisted boundary conditions labeled by a twist parameter ρ. Here, we find that the corresponding (0, 4) (or (4, 4)) superconformal algebras are exactly those studied by Schwimmer and Seiberg, using a twist on the outer automorphism group. The interplay between R-symmetries, ρ-algebras and holography leads us to name ourmore » construction “Rholography”.« less

  20. General theories of linear gravitational perturbations to a Schwarzschild black hole

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tattersall, Oliver J.; Ferreira, Pedro G.; Lagos, Macarena

    2018-02-01

    We use the covariant formulation proposed by Tattersall, Lagos, and Ferreira [Phys. Rev. D 96, 064011 (2017), 10.1103/PhysRevD.96.064011] to analyze the structure of linear perturbations about a spherically symmetric background in different families of gravity theories, and hence study how quasinormal modes of perturbed black holes may be affected by modifications to general relativity. We restrict ourselves to single-tensor, scalar-tensor and vector-tensor diffeomorphism-invariant gravity models in a Schwarzschild black hole background. We show explicitly the full covariant form of the quadratic actions in such cases, which allow us to then analyze odd parity (axial) and even parity (polar) perturbations simultaneously in a straightforward manner.

  1. Maxwell’s equal area law for Lovelock thermodynamics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Hao; Xu, Zhen-Ming

    We present the construction of Maxwell’s equal area law for the Guass-Bonnet AdS black holes in d = 5, 6 and third-order Lovelock AdS black holes in d = 7, 8. The equal area law can be used to find the number and location of the points of intersection in the plots of Gibbs free energy, so that we can get the thermodynamically preferred solution which corresponds to the first-order phase transition. We obtain the radius of the small and large black holes in the phase transition which share the same Gibbs free energy. The case with two critical points is explored in much more details. The latent heat is also studied.

  2. Dual small fragment plating improves screw-to-screw load sharing for mid-diaphyseal humeral fracture fixation: a finite element study.

    PubMed

    Kosmopoulos, Victor; Luedke, Colten; Nana, Arvind D

    2015-01-01

    A smaller humerus in some patients makes the use of a large fragment fixation plate difficult. Dual small fragment plate constructs have been suggested as an alternative. This study compares the biomechanical performance of three single and one dual plate construct for mid-diaphyseal humeral fracture fixation. Five humeral shaft finite element models (1 intact and 4 fixation) were loaded in torsion, compression, posterior-anterior (PA) bending, and lateral-medial (LM) bending. A comminuted fracture was simulated by a 1-cm gap. Fracture fixation was modelled by: (A) 4.5-mm 9-hole large fragment plate (wide), (B) 4.5-mm 9-hole large fragment plate (narrow), (C) 3.5-mm 9-hole small fragment plate, and (D) one 3.5-mm 9-hole small fragment plate and one 3.5-mm 7-hole small fragment plate. Model A showed the best outcomes in torsion and PA bending, whereas Model D outperformed the others in compression and LM bending. Stress concentrations were located near and around the unused screw holes for each of the single plate models and at the neck of the screws just below the plates for all the models studied. Other than in PA bending, Model D showed the best overall screw-to-screw load sharing characteristics. The results support using a dual small fragment locking plate construct as an alternative in cases where crutch weight-bearing (compression) tolerance may be important and where anatomy limits the size of the humerus bone segment available for large fragment plate fixation.

  3. Enhancement of hole mobility in InSe monolayer via an InSe and black phosphorus heterostructure.

    PubMed

    Ding, Yi-Min; Shi, Jun-Jie; Xia, Congxin; Zhang, Min; Du, Juan; Huang, Pu; Wu, Meng; Wang, Hui; Cen, Yu-Lang; Pan, Shu-Hang

    2017-10-05

    To enhance the low hole mobility (∼40 cm 2 V -1 s -1 ) of InSe monolayer, a novel two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructure made of InSe and black phosphorus (BP) monolayers with high hole mobility (∼10 3 cm 2 V -1 s -1 ) has been constructed and its structural and electronic properties are investigated using first-principles calculations. We find that the InSe/BP heterostructure exhibits a direct band gap of 1.39 eV and type-II band alignment with electrons (holes) located in the InSe (BP) layer. The band offsets of InSe and BP are 0.78 eV for the conduction band minimum and 0.86 eV for the valence band maximum, respectively. Surprisingly, the hole mobility in the InSe/BP heterostructure exceeds 10 4 cm 2 V -1 s -1 , which is one order of magnitude larger than the hole mobility of BP and three orders larger than that of the InSe monolayer. The electron mobility is also increased to 3 × 10 3 cm 2 V -1 s -1 . The physical reason has been analyzed deeply, and a universal method is proposed to improve the carrier mobility of 2D materials by forming heterostructures with them and other 2D materials with complementary properties. The InSe/BP heterostructure can thus be widely used in nanoscale InSe-based field-effect transistors, photodetectors and photovoltaic devices due to its type-II band alignment and high carrier mobility.

  4. Universal instability of hairy black holes in Lovelock-Galileon theories in D dimensions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Takahashi, Kazufumi; Suyama, Teruaki; Kobayashi, Tsutomu

    2016-03-01

    We analyze spherically symmetric black hole solutions with time-dependent scalar hair in a class of Lovelock-Galileon theories, which are the scalar-tensor theories with second-order field equations in arbitrary dimensions. We first show that known black hole solutions in five dimensions are always plagued by the ghost/gradient instability in the vicinity of the horizon. We then generalize such black hole solutions to higher dimensions and show that the same instability found in five dimensions appears universally in any number of dimensions.

  5. A study of the contact interaction between a plate with a hole and a washer in the presence of clearances and interferences

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Grishin, V. I.

    The contact interaction between a plate with a hole and a washer fitted into the hole with a clearance or an interference is investigated analytically using a finite element method implemented in a computer code. Data on changes in stress concentration with the distance from the filled hole to the plate edge are obtained for several materials, including D16-T, AK4-1, V95-T, OT4-1, 30KhGSA, and 30KhGSNA alloys.

  6. 42 CFR 493.1219 - Condition: Histopathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Condition: Histopathology. 493.1219 Section 493....1219 Condition: Histopathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Histopathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1273...

  7. 42 CFR 493.1219 - Condition: Histopathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Condition: Histopathology. 493.1219 Section 493....1219 Condition: Histopathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Histopathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1273...

  8. Installation Restoration Program Information Management System (IRPIMS) Data Loading Handbook. Version 2.1

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-09-01

    STEEL STL STEEL TFL TEFLON TIL TILE WD WOOD WRI WROUGHT IRON Z OTHER A-14 coam Bc~ai=L a TEST PIT ois rn iEI AR AIR - ROTARY 8 BORED OR AUGERED C CABLE-TOOL...CO CORING Cs CHILLED SHOT D DUG DH DOWN THE HOLE HAMMER HA HAND AUGERED HS HOLLOW STEM AUGER J JETTED MR DIRECT CIRCULATION ROTARY , MUD p AIR ...INSTITUTE WARI WATER AND AIR RESEARCH. INC. WIL WILSON AND CO. A-18 M 0E 7 PIT E V/n.. CK: N’Y ESCI ENGINEERING -SCIENCE NA NOT APPLICABLE RB MR

  9. Black hole attractors and gauge theories

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Lisa Li Fang

    2007-12-01

    This thesis is devoted to the study of supersymmetric black holes that arise from string compactifications. We begin by studying the R 2 corrections to the entropy of two solutions of five dimensional supergravity, the supersymmetric black ring and the spinning black hole. Using Wald's formula we compute the R2 corrections to the entropy of the black ring and BMPV black hole. We study N D4-branes wrapping a 4 cycle and M DO-branes on the quintic. For N D4-branes, we resolve the naive mismatch between the moduli space of the Higgs branch of the gauge theory and the moduli of a degree N hypersurface which the D4-brane wraps. The degree N surface must admit a holomorphic divisor and is a determinantal variety. Adding a single DO brane to probe the deformed geometry, we recover the determinant equation from F and D flatness condition which was previously discovered from a classical geometry approach. We next generalize the qunitic story for Calabi-Yau manifolds arising from complete intersections in toric varieties. We recover the moduli space of N D4-branes in terms of the moduli space of a U( N) x U(N) gauge theory with bi-fundamentals com ing from a D6 - D6 system. We also recast the tachyon condensation of the D6 - D6 system in the language of open string gauged linear sigma model. We obtain the determinant equation from F-term constraints arising from a boundary coupling. We set out to understand the Ooguri-Strominger-Vafa conjecture directly in the D4-DO black hole attractor geometry. We show that the lift to the euclidean IIA attractor geometry gives a complexified M-theory geometry whose asymptotic boundary is a torus. Employing AdS3/CFT 2 duality, we argue that the string partition function computes the elliptic genus of the Maldacena-Strominger-Witten conformal field theory. We evaluate the IIA partition function using the Green-Schwarz formalism and show that it gives ZtopZ top, coming from instantons and anti-instantons respectively. Finally, we determine the spectrum of free, large N, SU( N) Yang Mills theory on S3 by decomposing its thermal partition function into characters of the irreducible representations of the conformal group SO(4, 2).

  10. Diversifying a Famous Science Community One Cohort at a Time: The Woods Hole Partnership Education Program (PEP)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Scott, O.; Jearld, A.

    2012-12-01

    In March 2009, the Woods Hole Diversity Initiative launched the Partnership Education Program (PEP), a multi-institutional effort to increase diversity in the student population (and ultimately the work force) in the Woods Hole science community. PEP, a summer research internship program, is open to students of all backgrounds but is designed especially to provide opportunities for individuals from populations under-represented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and who otherwise would not have had the opportunity to come to Woods Hole to study or do research. To date, 60 students from 39 colleges and universities have participated and there is evidence that PEP students are being retained and continuing on the path towards completing STEM degrees and pursuing careers in marine and environmental science. PEP alumni are enrolled in graduate programs and employed in STEM-related jobs. They have availed themselves to other experiential learning and career development opportunities in the Woods Hole community and beyond. They have published papers with their PEP research mentors, and have won awards from presentations at professional conferences. During the PEP summer program, students gain a range of skills and knowledge as well as acquire the dispositions, attitudes and behaviors that are essential to their educational and career success. These run the gamut and include areas such as content and technical research knowledge related to the marine and environmental sciences, next step education and career transitions, and key competencies related to educational and career progression in STEM fields. As an evidence-based, promising practice for retaining students in STEM, the PEP model is emerging as an effective and sustainable approach. Beyond Woods Hole, PEP is gaining national recognition as information about PEP is disseminated via multiple channels, both electronic and non electronic. PEP's applicant pool has increased from 24 in Year 1 to 70 in Year 4. As a collaborative, partnership initiative, PEP has established a critical mass of underrepresented students participating in the Woods Hole scientific communities who, through their research, are contributing to advancing knowledge in the marine and environmental sciences. PEP's instrumental role in supporting students as they pursue STEM education and careers and helping them maintain a positive trajectory is invaluable as a sustainable approach that features institutions that pool resources to accomplish a common goal.

  11. Selected data fron continental scientific drilling core holes VC-1 and VC-2a, Valles Caldera, New Mexico

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Musgrave, J.A.; Goff, F.; Shevenell, L.

    1989-02-01

    This report presents geochemical and isotopic data on rocks and water and wellbore geophysical data from the Continental Scientific Drilling Program core holes VC-1 and VC-2a, Valles Caldera, New Mexico. These core holes were drilled as a portion of a broader program that seeks to answer fundamental questions about magma, water/rock interactions, ore deposits, and volcanology. The data in this report will assist the interpretation of the hydrothermal system in the Jemez Mountains and will stimulate further research in magmatic processes, hydrothermal alteration, ore deposits, hydrology, structural geology, and hydrothermal solution chemistry. 37 refs., 36 figs., 28 tabs.

  12. SEMI-ANALYTIC CALCULATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN A PERFORATED CIRCLE

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kennedy, J.M.; Fowler, J.K.

    The flow of heat in a tube-in-shell fuel element is closely related to the two-dimensional heat flow in a circular region perforated by a number of circular holes. Mathematical expressions for the two-dimensional temperature distribution were obtained in terms of sources and sinks of increasing complexity located within the holes and beyond the outer circle. A computer program, TINS, which solves the temperature problem for an array of one or two rings of holes, with or without a center hole, is also described. (auth)

  13. Ultrafast probes of nonequilibrium hole spin relaxation in the ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Patz, Aaron; Li, Tianqi; Liu, Xinyu; Furdyna, Jacek K.; Perakis, Ilias E.; Wang, Jigang

    2015-04-01

    We report direct measurements of hole spin lifetimes in ferromagnetic GaMnAs carried out by time- and polarization-resolved spectroscopy. Below the Curie temperature, ultrafast photoexcitation of GaMnAs with linearly polarized light is shown to create a nonequilibrium hole spin population via dynamical polarization of the holes through p -d exchange scattering with ferromagnetically ordered Mn spins. The system is then observed to relax in a distinct three-step recovery process: (i) a femtosecond hole spin relaxation, on the scale of 160-200 fs; (ii) a picosecond hole energy relaxation, on the scale of 1-2 ps; and (iii) a coherent, damped Mn spin precession with a period of 250 ps. The transient amplitude of the hole spin relaxation component diminishes with increasing temperature, directly following the ferromagnetic order of GaMnAs, while the hole energy amplitude shows negligible temperature change. Our results serve to establish the hole spin lifetimes in the ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs, at the same time demonstrating a spectroscopic method for studying nonequilibrium hole spins in the presence of magnetic order and spin-exchange interaction.

  14. Rotating black holes in higher dimensions with a cosmological constant.

    PubMed

    Gibbons, G W; Lü, H; Page, Don N; Pope, C N

    2004-10-22

    We present the metric for a rotating black hole with a cosmological constant and with arbitrary angular momenta in all higher dimensions. The metric is given in both Kerr-Schild and the Boyer-Lindquist form. In the Euclidean-signature case, we also obtain smooth compact Einstein spaces on associated S(D-2) bundles over S2, infinitely many for each odd D>/=5. Applications to string theory and M-theory are indicated.

  15. On Geometric Variational Models for Inpainting Surface Holes (PREPRINT)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2006-01-01

    email: haro@ima.umn.edu Phone: (612) 626-1501 Fax: (612) 626-7370 Affiliations: 1 Dept. de Tecnologia , University of Pompeu-Fabra, Passeig de...regions where the 3D model is incomplete. The main cause of holes are occlusions, but these can also be due to low reflectance, constraints in the...major areas where range scanners are used. With the increasing popularity of range scanners as 3D shape acquisition devices, with applications in

  16. Coastal Research Center Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Report for the Period March 1986-July 1988

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-03-01

    providing instrumentation, supplies, ship time and travel that are essential before a thesis project can be formulated. In the past we have successfully...Between Hytperiid Amphi- pods and salps Dean M. Jacobson Department/Advisor: Department of Biology/D. Anderson Degree/Date: Ph.D./February 1987...Research Center often provides partial support in the form of travel , publication or organizational expenses for symposia and workshops in Woods Hole or

  17. Space charge neutralization by electron-transparent suspended graphene

    PubMed Central

    Srisonphan, Siwapon; Kim, Myungji; Kim, Hong Koo

    2014-01-01

    Graphene possesses many fascinating properties originating from the manifold potential for interactions at electronic, atomic, or molecular levels. Here we report measurement of electron transparency and hole charge induction response of a suspended graphene anode on top of a void channel formed in a SiO2/Si substrate. A two-dimensional (2D) electron gas induced at the oxide interface emits into air and makes a ballistic transport toward the suspended graphene. A small fraction (>~0.1%) of impinging electrons are captured at the edge of 2D hole system in graphene, demonstrating good transparency to very low energy (<3 eV) electrons. The hole charges induced in the suspended graphene anode have the effect of neutralizing the electron space charge in the void channel. This charge compensation dramatically enhances 2D electron gas emission at cathode to the level far surpassing the Child-Langmuir's space-charge-limited emission. PMID:24441774

  18. Near horizon symmetry and entropy formula for Kerr-Newman (A)dS black holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Setare, Mohammad Reza; Adami, Hamed

    2018-04-01

    In this paper we provide the first non-trivial evidence for universality of the entropy formula 4 πJ 0 + J 0 - beyond pure Einstein gravity in 4-dimensions. We consider the Einstein-Maxwell theory in the presence of cosmological constant, then write near horizon metric of the Kerr-Newman (A)dS black hole in the Gaussian null coordinate system. We consider near horizon fall-off conditions for metric and U(1) gauge field. We find asymptotic combined symmetry generator, consists of diffeomorphism and U(1) gauge transformation, so that it preserves fall-off conditions. Consequently, we find supertranslation, supperrotation and multiple-charge modes and then we show that the entropy formula is held for the Kerr-Newman (A)dS black hole. Supperrotation modes suffer from a problem. By introducing new combined symmetry generator, we cure that problem.

  19. Black hole acoustics in the minimal geometric deformation of a de Laval nozzle

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    da Rocha, Roldão

    2017-05-01

    The correspondence between sound waves, in a de Laval propelling nozzle, and quasinormal modes emitted by brane-world black holes deformed by a 5D bulk Weyl fluid are here explored and scrutinized. The analysis of sound waves patterns in a de Laval nozzle in the laboratory, reciprocally, is here shown to provide relevant data about the 5D bulk Weyl fluid and its on-brane projection, comprised by the minimal geometrically deformed compact stellar distribution on the brane. Acoustic perturbations of the gas fluid flow in the de Laval nozzle are proved to coincide with the quasinormal modes of black holes solutions deformed by the 5D Weyl fluid, in the geometric deformation procedure. Hence, in a phenomenological Eötvös-Friedmann fluid brane-world model, the realistic shape of a de Laval nozzle is derived and its consequences studied.

  20. Listvenite logging on D/V CHIKYU: Hole BT1B, Oman Drilling Project

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kelemen, P. B.; Beinlich, A.; Morishita, T.; Greenberger, R. N.; Johnson, K. T. M.; Lafay, R.; Michibayashi, K.; Harris, M.; Phase I Science Party, T. O. D. P.

    2017-12-01

    Listvenite, quartz-carbonate altered ultramafic rock containing minor fuchsite (Cr-muscovite) forms by complete carbonation of peridotite and is thus an attractive objective for carbon mitigation studies. However, reaction controls and evolution of listvenite are still enigmatic. Here we present the first results of Phase 1 of the ICDP (International Continental Drilling Program) Oman Drilling Project and subsequent core logging using the analytical facilities on board the research vessel D/V CHIKYU. Hole BT1B contains 300 m of continuous drill core intersecting alluvium, listvenite-altered serpentinite, serpentinite, ophicarbonate and the underlying metamorphic sole of the Semail ophiolite, Oman. The drill core has been systematically investigated by visual core description, thin section petrography, X-ray fluorescence core logging, X-ray diffractometry, visible-shortwave infrared imaging spectroscopy and X-ray Computer Tomography. Our observations show that listvenite is highly variable in texture and color on the mm to m scale. Listvenite was visually categorized into 5 principal color groups: the dominant dark red (47 %), light red (19 %), orange (14 %), pale (2 %) and green (16 %). The presence of hematite/goethite results in dark reddish, red and orange hues. Light grey or pale colored listvenite lacks hematite and/or goethite veins and may represent the `true' listvenite. Green listvenite is characterized by the presence of cm-sized quartz-fuchsite intergrowths. Five zones of serpentinite, which vary in thickness between several tens of cm and 4 m, are intercalated within the massive listvenite of Hole BT1B. Gradational listvenite-serpentinite transition zones contain the ophicarbonate assemblage (magnesite + serpentine) and sometimes additional talc, representing intermediate carbonation reaction progress. Preservation of the former mesh texture and bastite after orthopyroxene in the listvenite suggest that the listvenite precursor had already been serpentinized prior to infiltration of the CO2-bearing alteration fluid.

  1. Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Spheroids. I. Disassembling Galaxies

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Savorgnan, G. A. D.; Graham, A. W.

    2016-01-01

    Several recent studies have performed galaxy decompositions to investigate correlations between the black hole mass and various properties of the host spheroid, but they have not converged on the same conclusions. This is because their models for the same galaxy were often significantly different and not consistent with each other in terms of fitted components. Using 3.6 μm Spitzer imagery, which is a superb tracer of the stellar mass (superior to the K band), we have performed state-of-the-art multicomponent decompositions for 66 galaxies with directly measured black hole masses. Our sample is the largest to date and, unlike previous studies, contains a large number (17) of spiral galaxies with low black hole masses. We paid careful attention to the image mosaicking, sky subtraction, and masking of contaminating sources. After a scrupulous inspection of the galaxy photometry (through isophotal analysis and unsharp masking) and—for the first time—2D kinematics, we were able to account for spheroids large-scale, intermediate-scale, and nuclear disks bars rings spiral arms halos extended or unresolved nuclear sources; and partially depleted cores. For each individual galaxy, we compared our best-fit model with previous studies, explained the discrepancies, and identified the optimal decomposition. Moreover, we have independently performed one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) decompositions and concluded that, at least when modeling large, nearby galaxies, 1D techniques have more advantages than 2D techniques. Finally, we developed a prescription to estimate the uncertainties on the 1D best-fit parameters for the 66 spheroids that takes into account systematic errors, unlike popular 2D codes that only consider statistical errors.

  2. SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES AND THEIR HOST SPHEROIDS. I. DISASSEMBLING GALAXIES

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Savorgnan, G. A. D.; Graham, A. W., E-mail: gsavorgn@astro.swin.edu.au

    Several recent studies have performed galaxy decompositions to investigate correlations between the black hole mass and various properties of the host spheroid, but they have not converged on the same conclusions. This is because their models for the same galaxy were often significantly different and not consistent with each other in terms of fitted components. Using 3.6 μm Spitzer imagery, which is a superb tracer of the stellar mass (superior to the K band), we have performed state-of-the-art multicomponent decompositions for 66 galaxies with directly measured black hole masses. Our sample is the largest to date and, unlike previous studies, containsmore » a large number (17) of spiral galaxies with low black hole masses. We paid careful attention to the image mosaicking, sky subtraction, and masking of contaminating sources. After a scrupulous inspection of the galaxy photometry (through isophotal analysis and unsharp masking) and—for the first time—2D kinematics, we were able to account for spheroids; large-scale, intermediate-scale, and nuclear disks; bars; rings; spiral arms; halos; extended or unresolved nuclear sources; and partially depleted cores. For each individual galaxy, we compared our best-fit model with previous studies, explained the discrepancies, and identified the optimal decomposition. Moreover, we have independently performed one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) decompositions and concluded that, at least when modeling large, nearby galaxies, 1D techniques have more advantages than 2D techniques. Finally, we developed a prescription to estimate the uncertainties on the 1D best-fit parameters for the 66 spheroids that takes into account systematic errors, unlike popular 2D codes that only consider statistical errors.« less

  3. Interior of black holes and information recovery

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kawai, Hikaru; Yokokura, Yuki

    2016-02-01

    We analyze time evolution of a spherically symmetric collapsing matter from a point of view that black holes evaporate by nature. We first consider a spherical thin shell that falls in the metric of an evaporating Schwarzschild black hole of which the radius a (t ) decreases in time. The important point is that the shell can never reach a (t ) but it approaches a (t )-a (t )d/a (t ) d t . This situation holds at any radius because the motion of a shell in a spherically symmetric system is not affected by the outside. In this way, we find that the collapsing matter evaporates without forming a horizon. Nevertheless, a Hawking-like radiation is created in the metric, and the object looks the same as a conventional black hole from the outside. We then discuss how the information of the matter is recovered. We also consider a black hole that is adiabatically grown in the heat bath and obtain the interior metric. We show that it is the self-consistent solution of Gμ ν=8 π G ⟨Tμ ν⟩ and that the four-dimensional Weyl anomaly induces the radiation and a strong angular pressure. Finally, we analyze the internal structures of the charged and the slowly rotating black holes.

  4. Gauge/Gravity correspondence and black hole attractors in various dimensions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Wei

    This thesis investigates several topics on Gauge/Gravity correspondence and black hole attractors in various dimensions. The first chapter contains a brief review and summary of main results. Chapters 2 and 3 aim at a microscopic description of black objects in five dimensions. Chapter 2 studies higher-derivative corrections for 5D black rings and spinning black holes. It shows that certain R 2 terms found in Calabi-Yau compactifications of M-theory yield macroscopic corrections to the entropies that match the microscopic corrections. Chapter 3 constructs probe brane configurations that preserve half of the enhanced near-horizon supersymmetry of 5D spinning black holes, whose near-horizon geometry is squashed AdS2 x S 3. There are supersymmetric zero-brane probes stabilized by orbital angular momentum on S3 and one-brane probes with momentum and winding around a U(1)L x U(1)R torus in S3. Chapter 4 constructs and analyzes generic single-centered and multi-centered black hole attractor solutions in various four-dimensional models which, after Kaluza-Klein reduction, admit a description in terms of 3D gravity coupled to a sigma model whose target space is symmetric coset space. The solutions correspond to certain nilpotent generators of the coset algebra. The non-BPS black hole attractors are found to be drastically different from their BPS counterparts. Chapter 5 examines three-dimensional topologically massive gravity with negative cosmological constant in asymptotically AdS 3 spacetimes. It proves that the theory is unitary and stable only at a special value of Chern-Simons coupling, where the theory becomes chiral. This suggests the existence of a stable, consistent quantum gravity theory at the chiral point which is dual to a holomorphic boundary CFT 2. Finally, Chapter 6 studies the two-dimensional N = 1 critical string theory with a linear dilaton background. It constructs time-dependent boundary state solutions that correspond to D0-branes falling toward the Liouville wall. It also shows that there exist four types of stable, falling D0-branes (two branes and two anti-branes) in Type 0A projection and two unstable ones in Type 0B projection.

  5. Toward Cooling Uniformity: Investigation of Spiral, Sweeping Holes, and Unconventional Cooling Paradigms

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shyam, Vikram; Thurman, Douglas R.; Poinsatte, Philip E.; Ameri, Ali A.; Culley, Dennis E.

    2018-01-01

    Surface infrared thermography, hotwire anemometry, and thermocouple surveys were performed on two new film cooling hole geometries: spiral/rifled holes and fluidic sweeping holes. Ways to quantify the efficacy of novel cooling holes that are asymmetric, not uniformly spaced or that show variation from hole to hole are presented. The spiral holes attempt to induce large-scale vorticity to the film cooling jet as it exits the hole to prevent the formation of the kidney shaped vortices commonly associated with film cooling jets. The fluidic sweeping hole uses a passive in-hole geometry to induce jet sweeping at frequencies that scale with blowing ratios. The spiral hole performance is compared to that of round holes with and without compound angles. The fluidic hole is of the diffusion class of holes and is therefore compared to a 777 hole and square holes. A patent-pending spiral hole design showed the highest potential of the nondiffusion type hole configurations. Velocity contours and flow temperature were acquired at discreet cross-sections of the downstream flow field. The passive fluidic sweeping hole shows the most uniform cooling distribution but suffers from low span-averaged effectiveness levels due to enhanced mixing. The data was taken at a Reynolds number of 11,000 based on hole diameter and freestream velocity. Infrared thermography was taken for blowing ratios of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 at a density ratio of 1.05. The flow inside the fluidic sweeping hole was studied using 3D unsteady RANS. A section on ideas for future work is included that addresses issues of quantifying cooling uniformity and provides some ideas for changing the way we think about cooling such as changing the direction of cooling or coupling acoustic devices to cooling holes to regulate frequency.

  6. Modeling Flows Around Merging Black Hole Binaries

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Centrella, Joan

    2008-01-01

    Coalescing massive black hole binaries are produced by the merger of galaxies. The final stages of the black hole coalescence produce strong gravitational radiation that can be detected by the space-borne LISA. In cases in which the black hole merger takes place in the presence of gas and magnetic fields, various types of electromagnetic signals may also be produced. Modeling such electromagnetic counterparts of the final merger requires evolving the behavior of both gas and fields in the strong-field regions around the black holes. We have taken a first step towards this problem by mapping the flow of pressureless matter in the dynamic, 3-D general relativistic spacetime around the merging black holes. We report on the results of these initial simulations and discuss their likely importance for future hydrodynamical simulations.

  7. Proto Supermassive Binary Black Hole Detected in X-rays

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    2006-04-01

    An international team of astrophysicists, led by D. Hudson from the University of Bonn and including the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and the University of Virginia, presents their X-ray detection of a proto supermassive binary black hole. Their results will be published in an upcoming issue of Astronomy & Astrophysics. The image of this proto binary black hole was obtained with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. The two black holes have already been seen in radio images. The new X-ray images provide unique evidence that these two black holes are in the process of forming a binary system; that is, they are gravitationally bound and orbit each other. Chandra X-ray Image of 3C 75 Chandra X-ray Image of 3C 75 The two black holes are located in the nearby galaxy cluster Abell 400. With high-resolution Chandra data, the team was able to spatially resolve the two supermassive black holes (separated by 15") at the centre of the cluster. Each black hole is located at the centre of its respective host galaxy and the host galaxies appear to be merging. It is not, however, just the two host galaxies that are colliding - the whole cluster in which they live is merging into another neighbouring galaxy cluster. Using these new data, the team show that the two black holes are moving through the intracluster medium at the supersonic speed of about 1200 km/s. The wind from such a motion would cause the radio plasma emitted from these two black holes to bend backwards. Although this bending had been observed previously, the cause of it was still being debated. Since the bending of the jets due to this motion is in the same direction, it suggests that the two black holes are travelling along the same path within the cluster and are therefore gravitationally bound. Black Hole Merger Animation Black Hole Merger Animation These two black holes became gravitationally bound when their host galaxies collided. In several million years, the two black holes will probably coalesce causing a burst of gravitational waves, as predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity. This event will produce one of the brightest sources of gravitational radiation in the Universe. Although we will not be around to see this particular one, the observations provide additional evidence that such bound systems exist and are currently merging. The gravitational waves produced by these mergers are believed to be the biggest source of gravitational waves to be detected by the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Notes to the Editors The team includes D.S. Hudson (AIfA,Germany), T.H. Reiprich (AIfA,Germany), T.E. Clarke (NRL & Interferometrics Inc.,USA), and C.L. Sarazin (UVa,USA). X-ray detection of the proto supermassive binary black hole at the centre of Abell 400 by D.S Hudson, T.H. Reiprich, T.E. Clarke, and C.L. Sarazin. To be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics (DOI number: 10.1051/0004-6361:20064955) Full article available in PDF format. Electronic edition of the press release available at http://www.edpsciences.org/aa.

  8. The Woods Hole Partnership Education Program (PEP): Broadening Participation in the Geosciences

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Scott, O.; Jearld, A., Jr.; Liles, G.; Gutierrez, B.

    2015-12-01

    In March 2009, the Woods Hole Diversity Initiative launched the Partnership Education Program (PEP), a multi-institutional effort to increase diversity in the student population (and ultimately the work force) in the Woods Hole science community. PEP, a summer research internship program, is open to students of all backgrounds but is designed especially to provide opportunities for URM in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). PEP is a 10-week program which provides intensive mentored research, a credit-bearing course and supplemental career and professional development activities. Students have opportunities to work in various research areas of geosciences. PEP is emerging as an effective and sustainable approach to bringing students into the STEM research community. PEP is carefully structured to provide critical support for students as they complete their undergraduate experience and prepare for geosciences careers and/or graduate school. The PEP experience is intended to provide students with an entry into the Woods Hole science community, one of the most vibrant marine and environmental research communities in the world. The program aims to provide a first-hand introduction to emerging issues and real-world training in the research skills that students need to advance in science, either as graduate students or bachelors-level working scientists. This is a long-recognized need and efforts are being made to ensure that the students begin to acquire skills and aptitudes that position them to take advantage of a wide range of opportunities. Of note is that the PEP is transitioning into a two year program where students are participating in a second year as a research intern or employee. Since 2013, at least four partner institutions have invited PEP alumni to participate in their respective programs as research assistants and/or full-time technicians.

  9. 42 CFR 493.1208 - Condition: General immunology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Condition: General immunology. 493.1208 Section 493....1208 Condition: General immunology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of General immunology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  10. 42 CFR 493.1208 - Condition: General immunology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Condition: General immunology. 493.1208 Section 493....1208 Condition: General immunology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of General immunology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  11. 40 CFR 63.1256 - Standards: Wastewater.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... combination of the approaches in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section for different affected... tank are heated, treated by means of an exothermic reaction, or sparged, during which time the owner or...) at all times that the wastewater tank contains affected wastewater or residual removed from affected...

  12. 40 CFR 63.1256 - Standards: Wastewater.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... use a combination of the approaches in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section for different... tank are heated, treated by means of an exothermic reaction, or sparged, during which time the owner or...) at all times that the wastewater tank contains affected wastewater or residual removed from affected...

  13. 40 CFR 63.1256 - Standards: Wastewater.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... use a combination of the approaches in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section for different... tank are heated, treated by means of an exothermic reaction, or sparged, during which time the owner or...) at all times that the wastewater tank contains affected wastewater or residual removed from affected...

  14. 26 CFR 1.988-3 - Character of exchange gain or loss.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... bona fide mistake made in good faith is on the taxpayer. (5) Independent verification—(i) Effect of... transaction (including a section 1256 contract that is also a section 988 transaction) shall be characterized... on certain identified forward contracts, futures contracts and option contracts as capital gain or...

  15. 42 CFR 493.1210 - Condition: Routine chemistry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Condition: Routine chemistry. 493.1210 Section 493....1210 Condition: Routine chemistry. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Routine chemistry, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1267...

  16. 77 FR 47090 - Notice of Realty Action; Proposed Competitive Sale of Public Lands in Washington County, UT

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-07

    ...\\SE\\1/4\\NW\\1/4\\. The area described contains 12.56 acres in Washington County. Landfill T. 42 S., R... mining laws, except the sale provisions of the FLPMA. Until completion of the sale, the BLM is no longer...

  17. 42 CFR 493.1210 - Condition: Routine chemistry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Condition: Routine chemistry. 493.1210 Section 493....1210 Condition: Routine chemistry. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Routine chemistry, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1267...

  18. 42 CFR 493.1210 - Condition: Routine chemistry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Condition: Routine chemistry. 493.1210 Section 493....1210 Condition: Routine chemistry. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Routine chemistry, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1267...

  19. 42 CFR 493.1210 - Condition: Routine chemistry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Condition: Routine chemistry. 493.1210 Section 493....1210 Condition: Routine chemistry. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Routine chemistry, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1267...

  20. 42 CFR 493.1210 - Condition: Routine chemistry.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Condition: Routine chemistry. 493.1210 Section 493....1210 Condition: Routine chemistry. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Routine chemistry, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, § 493.1267...

  1. 42 CFR 493.1208 - Condition: General immunology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Condition: General immunology. 493.1208 Section 493....1208 Condition: General immunology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of General immunology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  2. 42 CFR 493.1208 - Condition: General immunology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Condition: General immunology. 493.1208 Section 493....1208 Condition: General immunology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of General immunology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  3. 42 CFR 493.1208 - Condition: General immunology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Condition: General immunology. 493.1208 Section 493....1208 Condition: General immunology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of General immunology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  4. 42 CFR 493.1220 - Condition: Oral pathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Condition: Oral pathology. 493.1220 Section 493....1220 Condition: Oral pathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Oral pathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  5. 42 CFR 493.1220 - Condition: Oral pathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Condition: Oral pathology. 493.1220 Section 493....1220 Condition: Oral pathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Oral pathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  6. 42 CFR 493.1220 - Condition: Oral pathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Condition: Oral pathology. 493.1220 Section 493....1220 Condition: Oral pathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Oral pathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  7. 42 CFR 493.1220 - Condition: Oral pathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Condition: Oral pathology. 493.1220 Section 493....1220 Condition: Oral pathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Oral pathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  8. 42 CFR 493.1220 - Condition: Oral pathology.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Condition: Oral pathology. 493.1220 Section 493....1220 Condition: Oral pathology. If the laboratory provides services in the subspecialty of Oral pathology, the laboratory must meet the requirements specified in §§ 493.1230 through 493.1256, and §§ 493...

  9. Aeromagnetic survey of Howard Pass quadrangle and the East half of Misheguk Mountain quadrangle, Alaska—a Web site for the distribution of data

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Brown, Philip J.

    2009-01-01

    U.S. Geological Survey Open-File-Report 2009-1256 is for the preliminary release of magnetic data (and associated contractor reports) for an airborne survey in the Brooks Range, northwest of Bettles, Alaska.

  10. Numerical Modeling of Pot-Hole Subsidence Due to Shallow Underground Coal Mining in Structurally Disturbed Ground

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lokhande, Ritesh D.; Murthy, V. M. S. R.; Singh, K. B.; Verma, Chandan Prasad; Verma, A. K.

    2018-04-01

    Stability analysis of underground mining is, generally, complex in nature and is difficult to carry out through analytical solutions more so in case of pot-hole subsidence prediction. Thus, application of numerical modeling technique for simulating and finding a solution is preferred. This paper reports the development of a methodology for simulating the pot-hole subsidence using FLAC3D. This study is restricted to geologically disturbed areas where presence of fault was dominating factor for occurrence of pot-hole subsidence. The results demonstrate that the variation in the excavation geometry and properties of immediate roof rocks play a vital role in the occurrence of pot-hole subsidence.

  11. Output characteristics of a 0.14 THz dual sheet beam backward wave oscillator based on a hole-grating slow wave structure

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Tang, Xiaopin; Yang, Ziqiang; Shi, Zongjun

    A novel backward wave oscillator (BWO) based on a hole-grating slow wave structure is proposed as a dual sheet beam millimeter wave radiation source. In this paper, we focus on the output characteristics of a 0.14 THz hole-grating BWO. The output characteristics of the hole-grating BWO, the conventional single-beam grating BWO, and the dual-beam grating BWO are contrasted in detail. 3-D particle-in-cell results indicate that the hole-grating slow wave structure can help to increase the maximum output power as well as lower the operating current density. Meanwhile, the hole-grating BWO shows good insensitivity to the differences between two sheet electronmore » beams. These characteristics make the hole-grating BWO feasible to be a stable millimeter wave radiation source with higher output power.« less

  12. Shadow casted by a Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wang, Mingzhi; Chen, Songbai; Jing, Jiliang, E-mail: wmz9085@126.com, E-mail: csb3752@hunnu.edu.cn, E-mail: jljing@hunnu.edu.cn

    We have investigated the shadow of a Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole with an extra deformation parameter. The spacetime structure arising from the deformed parameter affects sharply the black hole shadow. With the increase of the deformation parameter, the size of the shadow of black hole increase and its shape becomes more rounded for arbitrary rotation parameter. The D-shape shadow of black hole emerges only in the case a <2√3/3\\, M with the proper deformation parameter. Especially, the black hole shadow possesses a cusp shape with small eye lashes in the cases with a >M, and the shadow becomes lessmore » cuspidal with the increase of the deformation parameter. Our result show that the presence of the deformation parameter yields a series of significant patterns for the shadow casted by a Konoplya-Zhidenko rotating non-Kerr black hole.« less

  13. Real-time depth measurement for micro-holes drilled by lasers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lin, Cheng-Hsiang; Powell, Rock A.; Jiang, Lan; Xiao, Hai; Chen, Shean-Jen; Tsai, Hai-Lung

    2010-02-01

    An optical system based on the confocal principle has been developed for real-time precision measurements of the depth of micro-holes during the laser drilling process. The capability of the measuring system is theoretically predicted by the Gaussian lens formula and experimentally validated to achieve a sensitivity of 0.5 µm. A nanosecond laser system was used to drill holes, and the hole depths were measured by the proposed measuring system and by the cut-and-polish method. The differences between these two measurements are found to be 5.0% for hole depths on the order of tens of microns and 11.2% for hundreds of microns. The discrepancies are caused mainly by the roughness of the bottom surface of the hole and by the existence of debris in the hole. This system can be easily implemented in a laser workstation for the fabrication of 3D microstructures.

  14. A parylene coating process for hybrid circuits

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1976-01-01

    The parylene coating process developed during this program consists of (1) obtaining a hybrid cover with a hole in it, (2) sealing of the circuit with a hole in the cover, (3) parylene coating through the hole with the external leads protected from parylene by appropriate fixturing, and (4) sealing of the hole by soldering a pretinned kovar tab. Development of the above process required optimization of the parylene coater parameters to obtain a uniform consistent coating which could offer adequate protection to the circuits, fixture design for packages of various types, determination of the size of the deposition hole, and the amount of dimer charge per run, a process to hermetically seal the deposition holes and establishment of quality control techniques or acceptance criteria for the deposited film.

  15. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Otani, Y; Sumida, I; Yagi, M

    Purpose: Brachytherapy has multiple manual procedures which are prone to human error, especially during the connection process of the treatment device to applicator. This is when considerable attention is required. In this study, we propose a new connection verification device concept. Methods: The system is composed of a ring magnet (anisotropic ferrite : magfine Inc), hole device (A1324LUA-T : Allegro MicroSystems Phil Inc) and an in-house check cable, which is made from magnetic material (Figure1). The magnetic field distribution is affected by the check cable position and any magnetic field variation is detected by the hole device. This system frequencymore » is 20Hz and the average of 4 signals was used as hole device value to reduce noise. Results: The value of the hole device is altered, depending on the location of the check cable. The resolution of the check cable position is 5mm and 10mm, around a 10mm region from the hole device and over 10mm, respectively. There was a reduction in sensitivity of the hole device, in our test, which was linked to the distance of the hole device from the check cable. Conclusion: We demonstrated a new concept of connection verification in a brachytherapy. This system has the possibility to detect an incorrect connection. Moreover, the system is capable of self-optimization, such as determining the number of hole device and the magnet strength.Acknowledgement:This work was supported by JSPS Core -to-Core program Number 23003 and KAKENHI Grant Number 26860401. This work was supported by JSPS Core-to-Core program Number 23003 and KAKENHI Grant Number 26860401.« less

  16. Lead exposure among small-scale battery recyclers, automobile radiator mechanics, and their children in Manila, the Philippines.

    PubMed

    Suplido, M L; Ong, C N

    2000-03-01

    Blood lead (PbB) and hemoglobin levels (Hb) were determined in 40 battery repair/recycling shop workers, 16 radiator repair shop workers, and 20 children living in the immediate vicinity of these shops. Unexposed residents with similar socioeconomic status were also investigated. Mean PbB level was significantly higher for battery workers (54.23 microg/dL) when compared to radiator workers (20.04 microg/dL) and unexposed adults (12.56 microg/dL) (P<0.001). Among battery workers, 94% had PbB levels above the WHO permissible exposure limit of 40 microg/dL for males and 30 microg/dL for females. There was no demarcation between workplace and living quarters; therefore, workers' families were similarly exposed to hazards. Children living in the immediate vicinity of battery shops also had significantly higher mean PbB levels (49.88 microg/dL) compared to radiator shop children (11.84 microg/dL) and unexposed children (9.92 microg/dL). For workers with PbB > 40 microg/dL, 90% were anemic (Hb < 13 g/dL for males and <11.5 g/dL for females). Linear regression showed a correlation (r=-0.214; P=0.03) between Hb level and log(10)PbB. There was no significant relationship between anemia and blood lead in children (r=-0.146). We conclude that radiator repair activities appeared to increase the body burden of lead, although not up to a level significantly different from unexposed counterparts. Battery recycling/repair activities, however, significantly increased blood lead levels in workers and their children. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

  17. Regular black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ghosh, Sushant G.; Singh, Dharm Veer; Maharaj, Sunil D.

    2018-05-01

    Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, a natural generalization of general relativity to a higher dimension, admits a static spherically symmetric black hole which was obtained by Boulware and Deser. This black hole is similar to its general relativity counterpart with a curvature singularity at r =0 . We present an exact 5D regular black hole metric, with parameter (k >0 ), that interpolates between the Boulware-Deser black hole (k =0 ) and the Wiltshire charged black hole (r ≫k ). Owing to the appearance of the exponential correction factor (e-k /r2), responsible for regularizing the metric, the thermodynamical quantities are modified, and it is demonstrated that the Hawking-Page phase transition is achievable. The heat capacity diverges at a critical radius r =rC, where incidentally the temperature is maximum. Thus, we have a regular black hole with Cauchy and event horizons, and evaporation leads to a thermodynamically stable double-horizon black hole remnant with vanishing temperature. The entropy does not satisfy the usual exact horizon area result of general relativity.

  18. Turbulence Time Series Data Hole Filling using Karhunen-Loeve and ARIMA methods

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-01-01

    memory is represented by higher values of d. 4.1. ARIMA and EMD We applied an ARIMA (0,d,0) model to predict the behaviour of the final section of the...to a simplified ARIMA (0,d,0) model , which performed better than the linear interpolant but less effectively than the KL algorithm, disregarding edge...ar X iv :p hy si cs /0 70 12 38 v1 22 J an 2 00 7 Turbulence Time Series Data Hole Filling using Karhunen-Loève and ARIMA methods M P J L

  19. Vertex Operator Formulation of Scattering around Black-Hole

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Park, I. Y.

    We propose a full-fledged open string framework that seems suited to study the black hole information paradox. We set up a configuration to compute the scattering amplitude of a IIB open string around a D5-brane. The D5-brane is situated at the origin of a transverse D3-brane. A string perturbation theory is employed where the geometry of the D5-brane is treated as a potential. We reason that the setup is capable of reconciling the unitary evolution of states and information loss that is measured by an observer on the D3 brane. With the configurations of these kinds, the information loss is an apparent phenomenon: it is just a manifestation of the fact that the D3-observer does not have access to the "hair" of the D5 black brane.

  20. Stress intensity factors for surface and corner cracks emanating from a wedge-loaded hole

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zhao, W.; Sutton, M. A.; Shivakumar, K. N.; Newman, J. C., Jr.

    1994-01-01

    To assist analysis of riveted lap joints, stress intensity factors are determined for surface and corner cracks emanating from a wedge-loaded hole by using a 3-D weight function method in conjunction with a 3-D finite element method. A stress intensity factor equation for surface cracks is also developed to provide a closed-form solution. The equation covers commonly-encountered geometrical ranges and retains high accuracy over the entire range.

  1. Publications - GMC 327 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    drill holes of the Coal Creek tin property of the Talkeetna Mountains D-6 Quadrangle of the Alaska Range and assays of cores from 1980, 1981, and 1982 drill holes of the Coal Creek tin property of the

  2. 77 FR 31585 - Marine Mammals; File No. 16388

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-29

    ... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration RIN 0648-XB154 Marine Mammals; File No. 16388 AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric... Mark Baumgartner, Ph.D., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MS 33 Biology Department, Woods Hole, MA...

  3. Evaluation of multilayer printed wiring boards by metallographic techniques: An illustrated guide to the preparation and inspection of plated-through hole test coupons based on the requirements of Mil-P-55110D

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Jellison, J.

    1986-01-01

    This work is an illustrated handbook containing the rationale and procedure for the evaluation of multilayer printed wiring board construction integrity with respect to plated-through holes in accordance with the requirements of MIL-P-55110D, Printed Wiring Boards. It is intended as a practical aid for those concerned with determining the construction integrity of multilayer boards for high reliability applications. Photomicrographs of cross sectioned holes illustrate defect types, acceptable and unacceptable conditions, and methods of measurement. A procedure for specimen preparation is given, and appropriate paragraphs of the military specification are included and explained.

  4. Electron hole tracking PIC simulation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Chuteng; Hutchinson, Ian

    2016-10-01

    An electron hole is a coherent BGK mode solitary wave. Electron holes are observed to travel at high velocities relative to bulk plasmas. The kinematics of a 1-D electron hole is studied using a novel Particle-In-Cell simulation code with fully kinetic ions. A hole tracking technique enables us to follow the trajectory of a fast-moving solitary hole and study quantitatively hole acceleration and coupling to ions. The electron hole signal is detected and the simulation domain moves by a carefully designed feedback control law to follow its propagation. This approach has the advantage that the length of the simulation domain can be significantly reduced to several times the hole width, which makes high resolution simulations tractable. We observe a transient at the initial stage of hole formation when the hole accelerates to several times the cold-ion sound speed. Artificially imposing slow ion speed changes on a fully formed hole causes its velocity to change even when the ion stream speed in the hole frame greatly exceeds the ion thermal speed, so there are no reflected ions. The behavior that we observe in numerical simulations agrees very well with our analytic theory of hole momentum conservation and energization effects we call ``jetting''. The work was partially supported by the NSF/DOE Basic Plasma Science Partnership under Grant DE-SC0010491. Computer simulations were carried out on the MIT PSFC parallel AMD Opteron/Infiniband cluster Loki.

  5. Autologous neurosensory retinal free patch transplantation for persistent full-thickness macular hole.

    PubMed

    De Giacinto, Chiara; D'Aloisio, Rossella; Cirigliano, Gabriella; Pastore, Marco Rocco; Tognetto, Daniele

    2018-03-27

    To evaluate anatomical and functional outcomes after autologous neurosensory retinal free patch (ANRFP) transplantation for persistent idiopathic full-thickness macular hole (iFTMH). A 65-year-old woman with persistent macular hole in her right eye after previous 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and long-acting gas tamponade underwent ANRFP transplantation. Before surgery, best corrected visual acuity in her right eye was 20/800. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed a 715-micron-diameter FTMH. To treat the persistent FTMH, a small autologous neurosensory retinal patch was transplanted and placed inside the macular hole under perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCL). PFCL-air exchange was performed, and long-acting gas tamponade was carried out. Clinical features of the macular area, visual acuity (VA), fundus autofluorescence, microperimetry and OCT were recorded during the 10-month follow-up. The macular hole appeared successfully closed with retinal patch stable and well plugged into the hole during the whole follow-up. VA improved to 20/100 and microperimetry revealed an increase in mean retinal sensitivity from 14.7 dB at 1 month to 15.6 dB at 10 months postoperatively. OCT showed a well-distinguishable retinal patch into the hole 1 month after surgery and a completely integrated retinal patch between the retinal layers 10 months postoperatively. No intra- and postoperative complications were noticed. ANRFP transplantation may represent an innovative technique for persistent iFTMH treatment.

  6. A Next-Generation Model of the Corona and Solar Wind

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2011-03-31

    2007. The Sun was very quiet during this time. An extended coronal hole is visible in the observations and the simulation. (d) July 19, 2008...those synthesized from our model for August 27, 1996, when the “Elephant’s trunk” equatorial coronal hole was visible. To make a quantitative...especially the coronal hole regions, agree reasonably well. Figure 3 shows comparisons of simulated and actual emission for four other time periods. Frame (a

  7. Non-renormalization for non-supersymmetric black holes

    DOE PAGES

    Charles, Anthony M.; Larsen, Finn; Mayerson, Daniel R.

    2017-08-11

    We analyze large logarithmic corrections to 4D black hole entropy and relate them to the Weyl anomaly. We use duality to show that counter-terms in EinsteinMaxwell theory can be expressed in terms of geometry alone, with no dependence on matter terms. We analyze the two known N = 2 supersymmetric invariants for various non-supersymmetric black holes and find that both reduce to the Euler invariant. The c-anomaly therefore vanishes in these theories and the coefficient of the large logarithms becomes topological. It is therefore independent of continuous black hole parameters, such as the mass, even far from extremality.

  8. Non-renormalization for non-supersymmetric black holes

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Charles, Anthony M.; Larsen, Finn; Mayerson, Daniel R.

    We analyze large logarithmic corrections to 4D black hole entropy and relate them to the Weyl anomaly. We use duality to show that counter-terms in EinsteinMaxwell theory can be expressed in terms of geometry alone, with no dependence on matter terms. We analyze the two known N = 2 supersymmetric invariants for various non-supersymmetric black holes and find that both reduce to the Euler invariant. The c-anomaly therefore vanishes in these theories and the coefficient of the large logarithms becomes topological. It is therefore independent of continuous black hole parameters, such as the mass, even far from extremality.

  9. Enhanced Optical Transmission Mediated by Localized Plasmons in Anisotropic, 3D Nanohole Arrays

    PubMed Central

    Yang, Jiun-Chan; Gao, Hanwei; Suh, Jae Yong; Zhou, Wei; Lee, Min Hyung; Odom, Teri W.

    2010-01-01

    This paper describes 3D nanohole arrays whose high optical transmission is mediated more by localized surface plasmon (LSP) excitations than by surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). First, LSPs on 3D hole arrays lead to optical transmission an order of magnitude higher than 2D planar hole arrays. Second, LSP-mediated transmission is broadband and more tunable than SPP-enhanced transmission which is restricted by Bragg coupling. Third, for the first time, two types of surface plasmons can be selectively excited and manipulated on the same plasmonic substrate. This new plasmonic substrate fabricated by high-throughput nanolithography techniques paves the way for cutting-edge optoelectronic and biomedical applications. PMID:20698633

  10. Interior volume of (1 + D)-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bhaumik, Nilanjandev; Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan

    2018-01-01

    We calculate the maximum interior volume, enclosed by the event horizon, of a (1 + D)-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole. Taking into account the mass change due to Hawking radiation, we show that the volume increases towards the end of the evaporation. This fact is not new as it has been observed earlier for four-dimensional case. The interesting point we observe is that this increase rate decreases towards the higher value of space dimensions D; i.e. it is a decelerated expansion of volume with the increase of spatial dimensions. This implies that for a sufficiently large D, the maximum interior volume does not change. The possible implications of these results are also discussed.

  11. Accuracy of binary black hole waveform models for aligned-spin binaries

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kumar, Prayush; Chu, Tony; Fong, Heather; Pfeiffer, Harald P.; Boyle, Michael; Hemberger, Daniel A.; Kidder, Lawrence E.; Scheel, Mark A.; Szilagyi, Bela

    2016-05-01

    Coalescing binary black holes are among the primary science targets for second generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors. Reliable gravitational waveform models are central to detection of such systems and subsequent parameter estimation. This paper performs a comprehensive analysis of the accuracy of recent waveform models for binary black holes with aligned spins, utilizing a new set of 84 high-accuracy numerical relativity simulations. Our analysis covers comparable mass binaries (mass-ratio 1 ≤q ≤3 ), and samples independently both black hole spins up to a dimensionless spin magnitude of 0.9 for equal-mass binaries and 0.85 for unequal mass binaries. Furthermore, we focus on the high-mass regime (total mass ≳50 M⊙ ). The two most recent waveform models considered (PhenomD and SEOBNRv2) both perform very well for signal detection, losing less than 0.5% of the recoverable signal-to-noise ratio ρ , except that SEOBNRv2's efficiency drops slightly for both black hole spins aligned at large magnitude. For parameter estimation, modeling inaccuracies of the SEOBNRv2 model are found to be smaller than systematic uncertainties for moderately strong GW events up to roughly ρ ≲15 . PhenomD's modeling errors are found to be smaller than SEOBNRv2's, and are generally irrelevant for ρ ≲20 . Both models' accuracy deteriorates with increased mass ratio, and when at least one black hole spin is large and aligned. The SEOBNRv2 model shows a pronounced disagreement with the numerical relativity simulation in the merger phase, for unequal masses and simultaneously both black hole spins very large and aligned. Two older waveform models (PhenomC and SEOBNRv1) are found to be distinctly less accurate than the more recent PhenomD and SEOBNRv2 models. Finally, we quantify the bias expected from all four waveform models during parameter estimation for several recovered binary parameters: chirp mass, mass ratio, and effective spin.

  12. Quantitative determination of the mineral distribution in different collagen zones of calcifying tendon using high voltage electron microscopic tomography

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McEwen, B. F.; Song, M. J.; Landis, W. J.

    1991-01-01

    High voltage electron microscopic tomography was used to make the first quantitative determination of the distribution of mineral between different regions of collagen fibrils undergoing early calcification in normal leg tendons of the domestic turkey, Meleagris gallopavo. The tomographic 3-D reconstruction was computed from a tilt series of 61 different views spanning an angular range of +/- 60 degrees in 2 degrees intervals. Successive applications of an interactive computer operation were used to mask the collagen banding pattern of either hole or overlap zones into separate versions of the reconstruction. In such 3-D volumes, regions specified by the mask retained their original image density while the remaining volume was set to background levels. This approach was also applied to the mineral crystals present in the same volumes to yield versions of the 3-D reconstructions that were masked for both the crystal mass and the respective collagen zones. Density profiles from these volumes contained a distinct peak corresponding only to the crystal mass. A comparison of the integrated density of this peak from each profile established that 64% of the crystals observed were located in the collagen hole zones and 36% were found in the overlap zones. If no changes in crystal stability occur once crystals are formed, this result suggests the possibilities that nucleation of mineral is preferentially and initially associated with the hole zones, nucleation occurs more frequently in the hole zones, the rate of crystal growth is more rapid in the hole zones, or a combination of these alternatives. All lead to the conclusion that the overall accumulation of mineral mass is predominant in the collagen hole zones compared to overlap zones during early collagen fibril calcification.

  13. The Woods Hole Partnership Education Program: Increasing Diversity in the Ocean and Environmental Sciences in One Influential Science Community

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jearld, A.

    2011-12-01

    To increase diversity in one influential science community, a consortium of public and private institutions created the Woods Hole Partnership Education Program, or PEP, in 2008. Participating institutions are the Marine Biological Laboratory, Northeast Fisheries Science Center of NOAA's Fisheries Service, Sea Education Association, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the Woods Hole Research Center, and University of Maryland Eastern Shore. Aimed at college juniors and seniors with some course work in marine and/or environmental sciences, PEP is a four-week course and a six-to-eight-week individual research project under the guidance of a research mentor. Forty-six students have participated to date. Investigators from the science institutions serve as course faculty and research mentors. We listened to experts regarding critical mass, mentoring, adequate support, network recruitment, and then built a program based on those features. Three years in we have a program that works and that has its own model for choosing applicants and for matching with mentors. We continue fine-tuning our match process, enhancing mentoring skills, preparing our students for a variety of lab cultures, and setting expectations high while remaining supportive. Our challenges now are to keep at it, using leverage instead of capacity to make a difference. Collaboration, not competition, is key since a rising tide floats all boats.

  14. Beyond the Event Horizon: Education with Black Holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Silva, Sarah; Cominsky, L.; Plait, P.; SSU E/PO Group

    2006-09-01

    The Sonoma State University NASA Education and Public Outreach Program (SSU E/PO), in collaboration with the Denver Museum of Nature & Science (DMNS), NOVA, Thomas Lucas Productions (TLP), the National Science Foundation and E/PO groups across NASA's Astrophysics Division, is creating a series of educational and outreach products for both formal and informal educational settings. The formal (in-class) products are closely tied with the informal (museum and television) products. An NSF-funded digital planetarium show titled "Black Holes: The Other Side of Infinity" was created by DMNS and TLP and is currently showing at several venues, with more planned. Through funding from the Swift and GLAST missions, SSU has developed an accompanying educator workshop and guide to train museum personnel in the use of black hole educational materials so that they can give professional development workshops to local teachers. In addition, SSU E/PO has worked with TLP and NOVA to create a television program ("Monster of the Milky Way") will premiere in the fall of 2006 with accompanying online educational materials. The educator guide materials include activities from NASA Astrophysics missions such as GLAST, Swift, XMM-Newton, and Gravity Probe-B, as well as from the Center for Science Education at Space Sciences Laboratory and the HEASARC education programs. We are also creating an online educational resource for use by anyone who wants to find information about black holes. It will have interactive features, including a possible museum kiosk where visitors can explore black holes. All products that are developed as a part of this program include integrated evaluation and assessment. The planetarium show has already had formative evaluation and is in the process of summative evaluation. The workshops include evaluation and follow-up work with the participating educators.

  15. Black hole thermodynamics in Lovelock gravity's rainbow with (A)dS asymptote

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hendi, Seyed Hossein; Dehghani, Ali; Faizal, Mir

    2017-01-01

    In this paper, we combine Lovelock gravity with gravity's rainbow to construct Lovelock gravity's rainbow. Considering the Lovelock gravity's rainbow coupled to linear and also nonlinear electromagnetic gauge fields, we present two new classes of topological black hole solutions. We compute conserved and thermodynamic quantities of these black holes (such as temperature, entropy, electric potential, charge and mass) and show that these quantities satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. In order to study the thermal stability in canonical ensemble, we calculate the heat capacity and determinant of the Hessian matrix and show in what regions there are thermally stable phases for black holes. Also, we discuss the dependence of thermodynamic behavior and thermal stability of black holes on rainbow functions. Finally, we investigate the critical behavior of black holes in the extended phase space and study their interesting properties.

  16. Ab initio modeling of steady-state and time-dependent charge transport in hole-only α-NPD devices

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Liu, Feilong; Massé, Andrea; Friederich, Pascal; Symalla, Franz; Nitsche, Robert; Wenzel, Wolfgang; Coehoorn, Reinder; Bobbert, Peter A.

    2016-12-01

    We present an ab initio modeling study of steady-state and time-dependent charge transport in hole-only devices of the amorphous molecular semiconductor α-NPD [N ,N'-Di(1 -naphthyl)-N ,N'-diphenyl-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4 ,4'-diamine] . The study is based on the microscopic information obtained from atomistic simulations of the morphology and density functional theory calculations of the molecular hole energies, reorganization energies, and transfer integrals. Using stochastic approaches, the microscopic information obtained in simulation boxes at a length scale of ˜10 nm is expanded and employed in one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) master-equation modeling of the charge transport at the device scale of ˜100 nm. Without any fit parameter, predicted current density-voltage and impedance spectroscopy data obtained with the 3D modeling are in very good agreement with measured data on devices with different α-NPD layer thicknesses in a wide range of temperatures, bias voltages, and frequencies. Similarly good results are obtained with the computationally much more efficient 1D modeling after optimizing a hopping prefactor.

  17. Experiments on Electron-Plasma Vortex Motion Driven by a Background Vorticity Gradient.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kabantsev, A. A.; Driscoll, C. F.

    2000-10-01

    The interaction of self-trapped vortices with a background vorticity gradient plays an important role in 2D hydrodynamics, including various aspects of relaxation and self-organization of 2D turbulence. In the present experiments, electron plasma columns with monotonically decreasing density profiles provide a vorticity background with (negative) shear in the rotational flow. Clumps of extra electrons are then retrograde vortices, rotating against the background shear; and regions with a deficit of electrons (holes) are prograde vortices. Theory predicts that clumps move up the background gradient, and holes move down the gradient, with velocities which depend differently on the ratio of the vortex trapping length to vortex radius, l / r_v. The present experiments show quantitative agreement with recent theory and simulations,(D.A. Schecter and D.H.E. Dubin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83), 2191 (1999). for the accessible regime of 0.2 < l/rv < 2. The experiments also show that moving clumps leave a spiral density wake, and that instability of these wakes results in a large number of long-lived holes.

  18. 50 CFR Table 8 to Part 679 - Harvest Zone Codes for Use With Vessel Activity Reports

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Alaska C State waters other than Alaska D Donut Hole F Foreign Waters Other than Russia I International Waters other than Donut Hole and Seamounts R Russian waters S Seamounts in International waters U U.S...

  19. 50 CFR Table 8 to Part 679 - Harvest Zone Codes for Use With Vessel Activity Reports

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Alaska C State waters other than Alaska D Donut Hole F Foreign Waters Other than Russia I International Waters other than Donut Hole and Seamounts R Russian waters S Seamounts in International waters U U.S...

  20. 50 CFR Table 8 to Part 679 - Harvest Zone Codes for Use With Vessel Activity Reports

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Alaska C State waters other than Alaska D Donut Hole F Foreign Waters Other than Russia I International Waters other than Donut Hole and Seamounts R Russian waters S Seamounts in International waters U U.S...

  1. 50 CFR Table 8 to Part 679 - Harvest Zone Codes for Use With Vessel Activity Reports

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Alaska C State waters other than Alaska D Donut Hole F Foreign Waters Other than Russia I International Waters other than Donut Hole and Seamounts R Russian waters S Seamounts in International waters U U.S...

  2. Magnetized Mini-Disk Simulations about Binary Black Holes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Noble, Scott; Bowen, Dennis B.; d'Ascoli, Stephane; Mewes, Vassilios; Campanelli, Manuela; Krolik, Julian

    2018-01-01

    Accretion disks around supermassive binary black holes offer a rare opportunity to probe the strong-field limit of dynamical gravity by using the ambient matter as a lighthouse. Accurate simulations of these systems using a variety of configurations will be critical to interpreting future observations of them. We have performed the first 3-d general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of mini-disks about a pair of equal mass black holes in the inspiral regime of their orbit. In this talk, we will present our latest results of 3-d general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic supercomputer simulations of accreting binary black holes during the post-Newtonian inspiral phase of their evolution. The goal of our work is to explore whether these systems provide a unique means to identify and characterize them with electromagnetic observations. We will provide a brief summary of the known electromagnetic signatures, in particular spectra and images obtained from post-process ray-tracing calculations of our simulation data. We will also provide a context for our results and describe our future avenues of exploration.

  3. Glycosylated polyacrylate nanoparticles by emulsion polymerization

    PubMed Central

    Abeylath, Sampath C.; Turos, Edward

    2007-01-01

    A selection of glycosylated polyacrylate nanoparticles has been prepared by radical-initiated emulsion polymerization in aqueous media. Using ethyl acrylate as a co-monomer, carbohydrate acrylates were incorporated into the poly(ethyl acrylate) framework to give stable emulsions of glyconanoparticles with an average particle size of around 40 nm. Using this technique a variety of glyconanoparticles were prepared from 3-O-acryloyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose, 1-O-acryloyl-2,3:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-mannofuranose, 6-O-acryloyl-1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-galactopyranose, 2-N-acryloyl-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine, 5-O-acryloyl-2,3-isopropylidene-1-methoxy-β-D-ribofuranose and 4-N-acetyl-5’-O-acryloyl-2’,3’-O-isopropylidene cytidine. Scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and proton NMR analysis of the emulsions indicated essentially 100% incorporation of the carbohydrate acrylate monomer into the polymer with the exception of O-benzyl- and O-benzoyl-protected carbohydrate acrylates, which gave incomplete incorporation. Formation of larger glyconanoparticles of ~80nm with (unprotected) 3-O-acryloyl-D-glucose and 5-O-acryloyl-1-methoxy-β-D-ribofuranose revealed the influence of free hydroxyl groups in the monomer on the particle size during polymerization, a feature which is also apparently dependent on the amount of carbohydrate in the matrix. This methodology allows for a new, simple route to the synthesis of polymeric glyconanoparticles with potential applications in targeted drug delivery and materials development. PMID:18677404

  4. High temperature breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation in a computer simulated Cu-Zr melt

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Han, X. J., E-mail: xjhan@sjtu.edu.cn; Li, J. G., E-mail: lijg@sjtu.edu.cn; Schober, H. R., E-mail: h.schober@fz-juelich.de

    Transport properties and the Stokes-Einstein (SE) relation in liquid Cu{sub 8}Zr{sub 3} are studied by molecular dynamics simulation with a modified embedded atom potential. The critical temperature T{sub c} of mode coupling theory (MCT) is derived as 930 K from the self-diffusion coefficient D and viscosity η. The SE relation breaks down around T{sub SE} = 1900 K, which is far above T{sub c}. At temperatures below T{sub SE}, the product of D and η fluctuates around a constant value, similar to the prediction of MCT near T{sub c}. The influence of the microscopic atomic motion on macroscopic properties ismore » investigated by analyzing the time dependent liquid structure and the self-hole filling process. The self-holes for the two components are preferentially filled by atoms of the same component. The self-hole filling dynamics explains the different breakdown behaviors of the SE relation in Zr-rich liquid CuZr{sub 2} compared to Cu-rich Cu{sub 8}Zr{sub 3}. At T{sub SE}, a kink is found in the temperature dependence of both partial and total coordination numbers for the three atomic pair combinations and of the typical time of self-hole filling. This indicates a strong correlation between liquid structure, atomic dynamics, and the breakdown of SE relation. The previously suggested usefulness of the parameter d(D{sub 1}/D{sub 2})/dT to predict T{sub SE} is confirmed. Additionally we propose a viscosity criterion to predict T{sub SE} in the absence of diffusion data.« less

  5. High Energy Astrophysics and Cosmology from Space: NASA's Physics of the Cosmos Program

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bautz, Marshall

    2017-01-01

    We summarize currently-funded NASA activities in high energy astrophysics and cosmology embodied in the NASA Physics of the Cosmos program, including updates on technology development and mission studies. The portfolio includes participation in a space mission to measure gravitational waves from a variety of astrophysical sources, including binary black holes, throughout most of cosmic history, and in another to map the evolution of black hole accretion by means of the accompanying X-ray emission. These missions are envisioned as collaborations with the European Space Agency's Large 3 (L3) and Athena programs, respectively. It also features definition of a large, NASA-led X-ray Observatory capable of tracing the surprisingly rapid growth of supermassive black holes during the first billion years of cosmic history. The program also includes the study of cosmic rays and high-energy gamma-ray photons resulting from range of physical processes, and efforts to characterize both the physics of inflation associated with the birth of the universe and the nature of the dark energy that dominates its mass-energy content today. Finally, we describe the activities of the Physics of the Cosmos Program Analysis Group, which serves as a forum for community analysis and input to NASA.

  6. Internal ballistics of the detonation products of a blast-hole charge

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mangush, S.K.; Garbunov, V.A.

    1986-07-01

    The authors investigate the gasdynamic flow of the detonation products of a blast-hole charge (the expansion of the detonation products in the blast hole and the gas outflow and propagation of shock airwaves into the face space). The problem is solved by means of a numerical program for integration of partial differential equations of one-dimensional gas-dynamics. A numerical model of the internal ballistics of a blast-hole charge is presented. In addition to the variation of the thermodynamic parameters in the blast hole, the formation of the shock wave in the face space is shown, which is the source of gasmore » ignition. Further development of the numerical model of the action of blast-hole charges is planned which will involve an analysis of a number of applied problems.« less

  7. Massive Black Hole Mergers: Can we see what LISA will hear?

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Centrella, Joan

    2009-01-01

    Coalescing massive black hole binaries are formed when galaxies merge. The final stages of this coalescence produce strong gravitational wave signals that can be detected by the space-borne LISA. When the black holes merge in the presence of gas and magnetic fields, various types of electromagnetic signals may also be produced. Modeling such electromagnetic counterparts requires evolving the behavior of both gas and fields in the strong-field regions around the black holes. We have taken a first step towards this problem by mapping the flow of pressureless matter in the dynamic, 3-D general relativistic spacetime around the merging black holes. We report on the results of these initial simulations and discuss their likely importance for future hydrodynamical simulations.

  8. SU-E-T-786: Utility of Gold Wires to Optimize Intensity Modulation Capacity of a Novel Directional Modulated Brachytherapy Tandem Applicator for Image Guided Cervical Cancer Brachytherapy

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Han, D; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario; Safigholi, H

    2015-06-15

    Purpose: To evaluate the impact of using gold wires to differentially fill various channels on plan quality compared with conventional T&R applicator, inside a novel directional modulated brachytherapy (DMBT) tandem applicator for cervical cancer brachytherapy. Materials and Methods: The novel DMBT tandem applicator has a 5.4-mm diameter MR-compatible tungsten alloy enclosed in a 0.3-mm thick plastic tubing that wraps around the tandem. To modulate the radiation intensity, 6 symmetric peripheral holes of 1.3-mm diameter are grooved along the tungsten alloy rod. These grooved holes are differentially filled with gold wires to generate various degrees of directional beams. For example, threemore » different fill patterns of 1) all void, 2) all filled except the hole containing the 192-Ir source, and 3) two adjacent holes to the 192-Ir source filled were Monte Carlo simulated. The resulting 3D dose distributions were imported into an in-house-coded inverse optimization planning system to generate HDR brachytherapy clinical plans for 19 patient cases. All plans generated were normalized to the same D90 as the clinical plans and D2cc doses of OARs were evaluated. Prescription ranged between 15 and 17.5Gy. Results: In general, the plans in case 1) resulted in the highest D2cc doses for the OARs with 11.65±2.30Gy, 7.47±3.05Gy, and 9.84±2.48Gy for bladder, rectum, and sigmoid, respectively, although the differences were small. For the case 2), D2cc doses were 11.61±2.29Gy, 7.41±3.07Gy, and 9.75±2.45Gy, respectively. And, for the case 3), D2cc doses were 11.60±2.28Gy, 7.41±3.05Gy, and 9.74±2.45Gy, respectively. Difference between 1) and 2) cases were small with the average D2cc difference of <0.64%. Difference between 1) and 3) cases were even smaller with the average D2cc difference of <0.1%. Conclusions: There is a minimal clinical benefit by differentially filling grooved holes in the novel DMBT tandem applicator for image guided cervical cancer brachytherapy.« less

  9. Experimental investigation and numerical modelling of 3D radial compressor stage and influence of the technological holes on the working characteristics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Matas, Richard; Syka, Tomáš; Hurda, Lukáš

    2018-06-01

    The article deals with a description of results from research and development of a radial compressor stage with 3D rotor blades. The experimental facility and the measurement and evaluation process is described briefly in the first part. The comparison of measured and computed characteristics can be found in the second part. The last part of this contribution is the evaluation of the rotor blades technological holes influence on the compressor stage characteristics.

  10. Current status of final design and R&D for ITER blanket shield blocks in Korea

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ha, M. S.; Kim, S. W.; Jung, H. C.; Hwang, H. S.; Heo, Y. G.; Kim, D. H.; Ahn, H. J.; Lee, H. G.; Jung, K. J.

    2015-07-01

    The main function of the ITER blanket shield block (SB) is to provide nuclear shielding and support the first wall (FW) panel. It needs to accommodate all the components located on the vacuum vessel (in particular the in-vessel coils, blanket manifolds and the diagnostics). The conceptual, preliminary and final design reviews have been completed in the framework of the Blanket Integrated Product Team. The Korean Domestic Agency has successfully completed not only the final design activities, including thermo-hydraulic and thermo-mechanical analyses for SBs #2, #6, #8 and #16, but also the SB full scale prototype (FSP) pre-qualification program prior to issuing of the procurement agreement. SBs #2 and #6 are located at the in-board region of the tokamak. The pressure drop was less than 0.3 MPa and fully satisfied the design criteria. The thermo-mechanical stresses were also allowable even though the peak stresses occurred at nearby radial slit end holes, and their fatigue lives were evaluated over many more than 30 000 cycles. SB #8 is one of the most difficult modules to design, since this module will endure severe thermal loading not only from nuclear heating but also from plasma heat flux at uncovered regions by the FW. In order to resolve this design issue, the neutral beam shine-through module concept was applied to the FW uncovered region and it has been successfully verified as a possible design solution. SB #16 is located at the out-board central region of the tokamak. This module is under much higher nuclear loading than other modules and is covered by an enhanced heat flux FW panel. In the early design stage, many cooling headers on the front region were inserted to mitigate peak stresses near the access hole and radial slit end hole. However, the cooling headers on the front region needed to be removed in order to reduce the risk from cover welding during manufacturing. A few cooling headers now remain after efforts through several iterations to remove them and to optimize the cooling channels. The SB #8 FSP was manufactured and tested in accordance with the pre-qualification program based on the preliminary design, and related R&D activities were implemented to resolve the fabrication issues. This paper provides the current status of the final design and relevant R&D activities of the blanket SB.

  11. Analysis of corner cracks at hole by a 3-D weight function method with stresses from finite element method

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zhao, W.; Newman, J. C., Jr.; Sutton, M. A.; Wu, X. R.; Shivakumar, K. N.

    1995-01-01

    Stress intensity factors for quarter-elliptical corner cracks emanating from a circular hole are determined using a 3-D weight function method combined with a 3-D finite element method. The 3-D finite element method is used to analyze uncracked configuration and provide stress distribution in the region where crack is to occur. Using this stress distribution as input, the 3-D weight function method is used to determine stress intensity factors. Three different loading conditions, i.e. remote tension, remote bending and wedge loading, are considered for a wide range in geometrical parameters. The significance in using 3-D uncracked stress distribution and the difference between single and double corner cracks are studied. Typical crack opening displacements are also provided. Comparisons are made with solutions available in the literature.

  12. An efficient depth map preprocessing method based on structure-aided domain transform smoothing for 3D view generation

    PubMed Central

    Ma, Liyan; Qiu, Bo; Cui, Mingyue; Ding, Jianwei

    2017-01-01

    Depth image-based rendering (DIBR), which is used to render virtual views with a color image and the corresponding depth map, is one of the key techniques in the 2D to 3D conversion process. Due to the absence of knowledge about the 3D structure of a scene and its corresponding texture, DIBR in the 2D to 3D conversion process, inevitably leads to holes in the resulting 3D image as a result of newly-exposed areas. In this paper, we proposed a structure-aided depth map preprocessing framework in the transformed domain, which is inspired by recently proposed domain transform for its low complexity and high efficiency. Firstly, our framework integrates hybrid constraints including scene structure, edge consistency and visual saliency information in the transformed domain to improve the performance of depth map preprocess in an implicit way. Then, adaptive smooth localization is cooperated and realized in the proposed framework to further reduce over-smoothness and enhance optimization in the non-hole regions. Different from the other similar methods, the proposed method can simultaneously achieve the effects of hole filling, edge correction and local smoothing for typical depth maps in a united framework. Thanks to these advantages, it can yield visually satisfactory results with less computational complexity for high quality 2D to 3D conversion. Numerical experimental results demonstrate the excellent performances of the proposed method. PMID:28407027

  13. Thickness-dependent magneto-optical effects in hole-doped GaS and GaSe multilayers: a first-principles study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Fei; Zhou, Xiaodong; Feng, Wanxiang; Fu, Botao; Yao, Yugui

    2018-04-01

    Recently, two-dimensional (2D) GaS and GaSe nanosheets were successfully fabricated and the measured electronic, mechanical, and optoelectronic properties are excellent. Here, using the first-principles density functional theory, we investigate the magnetic, optical, and magneto-optical (MO) Kerr and Faraday effects in hole-doped GaS and GaSe multilayers. GaS and GaSe monolayers (MLs) manifest ferromagnetic ground states by introducing even a small amount of hole doping, whereas the magnetism in GaS and GaSe multilayers are significantly different under hole doping. Our results show that ferromagnetic states can be easily established in GaS bilayers and trilayers under proper hole doping, however, most of GaSe multilayers are more favorable to nonmagnetic states. The magnetic moments in GaS multilayers are weakened remarkably with the increasing of thin film thickness and are negligible more than three MLs. This leads to the thickness dependence of MO Kerr and Faraday effects. Furthermore, the MO effects strongly depend on the doping concentration and therefore are electrically controllable by adjusting the number of holes via gate voltage. The substrate effects on the MO properties are also discussed. Combining the unique MO and other interesting physical properties make GaS and GaSe a superior 2D material platform for semiconductor MO and spintronic nanodevices.

  14. 36 CFR 1256.76 - How do I request mandatory review of classified information under Executive Order 12958, as amended?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... request to (1) Presidential records and donated historical materials at a Presidential library The appropriate library cited in 36 CFR part 1253. (2) Nixon Presidential materials Director, Nixon Presidential... records, judicial records, legislative records maintained in the Washington, DC, area Chief, Special...

  15. Consumer Understanding and Use of Food and Nutrition Labeling in Turkey

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Besler, Halit Tanju; Buyuktuncer, Zehra; Uyar, Muhemmed Fatih

    2012-01-01

    Objectives: To determine patterns of food and nutrition labels use by Turkish consumers, and examine constraints on the use of this information. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Twenty-six regions of Turkey. Participants: Consumers (n = 1,536), aged 12-56 years. Variables measured: Level of interest in food and nutrition labels, the…

  16. 77 FR 60023 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Information Collection tools

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-01

    ...) Receiving Gambling Winnings; Form 6781, Gains and Losses From Section 1256 Contracts and Straddles; and REG...,492. (2) Title: Statement by Person(s) Receiving Gambling Winnings. OMB Number: 1545-0239. Form Number... the payer of certain gambling winnings by the person receiving the winnings when that person is not...

  17. Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act

    THOMAS, 111th Congress

    Sen. Kennedy, Edward M. [D-MA

    2009-05-05

    Senate - 05/20/2009 Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Ordered to be reported with amendments favorably. (All Actions) Notes: For further action, see H.R.1256, which became Public Law 111-31 on 6/22/2009. Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  18. 36 CFR 1256.100 - What is the copying policy for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright protection or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... copied as follows: (a) USIA audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines... audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines may have copyright protection or.... (c) If NARA determines that a USIA audiovisual record prepared for dissemination abroad may have...

  19. 36 CFR § 1256.100 - What is the copying policy for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright protection or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... copied as follows: (a) USIA audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines... audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines may have copyright protection or.... (c) If NARA determines that a USIA audiovisual record prepared for dissemination abroad may have...

  20. 36 CFR 1256.100 - What is the copying policy for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright protection or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... copied as follows: (a) USIA audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines... audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines may have copyright protection or.... (c) If NARA determines that a USIA audiovisual record prepared for dissemination abroad may have...

  1. 36 CFR 1256.100 - What is the copying policy for USIA audiovisual records that either have copyright protection or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... copied as follows: (a) USIA audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines... audiovisual records prepared for dissemination abroad that NARA determines may have copyright protection or.... (c) If NARA determines that a USIA audiovisual record prepared for dissemination abroad may have...

  2. 20 CFR 404.1256 - Limitation on State's liability for contributions for multiple employment situations-for wages...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950... class or classes of employees to whose wages this method of computing contributions applies. For example... any class or classes of employees identified in an agreement or modification. In its notification, the...

  3. Finite upper bound for the Hawking decay time of an arbitrarily large black hole in anti-de Sitter spacetime

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Page, Don N.

    2018-01-01

    In an asymptotically flat spacetime of dimension d >3 and with the Newtonian gravitational constant G , a spherical black hole of initial horizon radius rh and mass M ˜rhd -3/G has a total decay time to Hawking emission of td˜rhd -1/G ˜G2 /(d -3 )M(d -1 )/(d -3 ) which grows without bound as the radius rh and mass M are taken to infinity. However, in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime with a length scale ℓ and with absorbing boundary conditions at infinity, the total Hawking decay time does not diverge as the mass and radius go to infinity but instead remains bounded by a time of the order of ℓd-1/G .

  4. Dilution jet mixing program, phase 3

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Srinivasan, R.; Coleman, E.; Myers, G.; White, C.

    1985-01-01

    The main objectives for the NASA Jet Mixing Phase 3 program were: extension of the data base on the mixing of single sided rows of jets in a confined cross flow to discrete slots, including streamlined, bluff, and angled injections; quantification of the effects of geometrical and flow parameters on penetration and mixing of multiple rows of jets into a confined flow; investigation of in-line, staggered, and dissimilar hole configurations; and development of empirical correlations for predicting temperature distributions for discrete slots and multiple rows of dilution holes.

  5. Easing The Calculation Of Bolt-Circle Coordinates

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burley, Richard K.

    1995-01-01

    Bolt Circle Calculation (BOLT-CALC) computer program used to reduce significant time consumed in manually computing trigonometry of rectangular Cartesian coordinates of holes in bolt circle as shown on blueprint or drawing. Eliminates risk of computational errors, particularly in cases involving many holes or in cases in which coordinates expressed to many significant digits. Program assists in many practical situations arising in machine shops. Written in BASIC. Also successfully compiled and implemented by use of Microsoft's QuickBasic v4.0.

  6. [Influence of MnO3 on Photoelectric Performance in Organic Light Emitting Diodes].

    PubMed

    Guan, Yun-xia; Chen, Li-jia; Chen, Ping; Fu, Xiao-qiang; Niu, Lian-bin

    2016-03-01

    Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) has been a promising new research point that has received much attention recently. Emission in a conventional OLED originates from the recombination of carriers (electrons and holes) that are injected from external electrodes. In the device, Electrons, on the other hand, are injected from the Al cathode to an electron-transporting layer and travel to the same emissive zone. Holes are injected from the transparent ITO anode to a hole-transporting layer and holes reach an emitting zone through the holetransporting layer. Electrons and holes recombine at the emissive film to formsinglet excited states, followed by emissive light. It is because OLED is basically an optical device and its structure consists of organic or inorganic layers of sub-wavelength thickness with different refractive indices. When the electron and holes are injected through the electrodes, they combine in the emission zone emitting the photons. These photons will have the reflection and transmission at each interface and the interference will determine the intensity profile. The emissive light reflected at the interfaces or the metallic electrode returns to the emissive layer and affects the radiation current efficiency. Microcavity OLED can produce saturated colors and narrow the emission spetrum as a new kind of technique. In the paper, we fabricate microcavity OLED using glass substrate. Ag film acts as the anode reflector mirror; NPB serves as the hole-transporting material; Alq3 is electron-transporting material and organic emissive material; Ag film acts as cathode reflector mirror. The microcavity OLED structures named as A, B, C and D are glass/Ag(15 nm)/MoO3 (x nm)/NPB(50 nm)/Alq3 (60 nm)/A1(100 nm). Here, A, x = 4 nm; B, x = 7 nm; C, x = 10 nm; D, x = 13 nm. The characteristic voltage, brightness and current of these devices are investigated in the electric field. The luminance from the Devices A, B, C and D reaches the luminance of 928, 1 369, 2 550 and 2 035 cd x m(-2), respectively at 13 V. At 60 mA x cm(-2), the current efficiency of the microcavity OLEDs using MnO3 are about 2.2, 2.6, 3.1 and 2.6 cd x A(-2) respectively. It is found that electrons are majority carriers and holes are minority carriers in this microcavity OLEDs. MnO3 film can improve hole injection ability from 4 to 10 nm. In addition, hole injection ability is increased with the increasing thickness of the MnO3 film.

  7. High performance unipolar MoTe2 field effect transistors enabled by doping and Al2O3 capping

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Qu, Deshun; Liu, Xiaochi; Ahmed, Faisal; Yoo, Won Jong

    We carry out the first systematic experiment on carrier type modulation of MoTe2 FET in this work. unipolar p- and n-type MoTe2 FETs with 105 and 106 on-off ratios are achieved through rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and Benzyl Viologen (BV) doping respectively. By varying the vacuum level in RTA chamber before annealing and BV dopant concentration, annealing condition, both hole and electron doping concentration can be modulated in a wide range from slight doping to degenerate like doping. Furthermore, Al2O3 is deposited onto the device surfaces for the mobility engineering. Hole and electron mobilities are improved to 62 cm2/Vs and 82 cm2/Vs respectively after Al2O3 capping; they are among the highest carrier mobilities of MoTe2 transistors ever obtained. A lateral homogeneous MoTe2 p-n diode is fabricated combining the electron and hole doping techniques, the device displays excellent diode properties with a high rectification ratio of 104 at 0 gate bias and an ideality factor of 1.2. This work was supported by the Global Research Laboratory and Global Frontier R&D Programs at the Center for Hybrid Interface Materials, both funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning via the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).

  8. Open and Filled Hole Static Tensile Strength Characterization of Metal Matrix Composite SCS-9/Beta21s.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-12-01

    Augmentation Program (28) state that for filled hole tensile testing of MMCs the tolerance between the pin diameter and hole diameter must not exceed .0254...Acetate replication, metallography, and fractography will be used in conjunction with analytical methods to define the aforementioned material... fractography that this bi-linear response is due to the release of residual stresses and interfacial failures of the off-axis plies and not micro

  9. Signatures of Nonlinear Waves in Coronal Plumes and Holes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ofman, Leon

    1999-01-01

    In recent Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer/Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (UVCS/SOHO) White Light Channel (WLC) observations we found quasi-periodic variations in the polarized brightness (pB) in the polar coronal holes at heliocentric distances of 1.9-2.45 solar radii. The motivation for the observation is the 2.5D Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model of solar wind acceleration by nonlinear waves, that predicts compressive fluctuations in coronal holes. To help identify the waves observed with the UVCS/WLC we model the propagation and dissipation of slow magnetosonic waves in polar plumes using 1D MHD code in spherical geometry, We find that the slow waves nonlinearly steepen in the gravitationally stratified plumes. The nonlinear steepening of the waves leads to enhanced dissipation due to compressive viscosity at the wave-fronts.

  10. Topics in Core-Collapse Supernova Theory: The Formation of Black Holes and the Transport of Neutrinos

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    O'Connor, Evan Patrick

    Core-Collapse Supernovae are one of the most complex astrophysical systems in the universe. They deeply entwine aspects of physics and astrophysics that are rarely side by side in nature. To accurately model core-collapse supernovae one must self-consistently combine general relativity, nuclear physics, neutrino physics, and magneto-hydrodynamics in a symmetry-free computational environment. This is a challenging task, as each one of these aspects on its own is an area of great study. We take an open approach in an effort to encourage collaboration in the core-collapse supernovae community. In this thesis, we develop a new open-source general-relativistic spherically-symmetric Eulerian hydrodynamics code for studying stellar collapse, protoneutron star formation, and evolution until black hole formation. GR1D includes support for finite temperature equations of state and an efficient and qualitatively accurate treatment of neutrino leakage. GR1D implements spherically-symmetric rotation, allowing for the study of slowly rotating stellar collapse. GR1D is available at http://www.stellarcollapse.org. We use GR1D to perform an extensive study of black hole formation in failing core-collapse supernovae. Over 100 presupernova models from various sources are used in over 700 total simulations. We systematically explore the dependence of black hole formation on the input physics: initial zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) mass and metallicity, nuclear equation of state, rotation, and stellar mass loss rates. Assuming the core-collapse supernova mechanism fails and a black hole forms, we find that the outcome, for a given equation of state, can be estimated, to first order, by a single parameter, the compactness of the stellar core at bounce. By comparing the protoneutron star structure at the onset of gravitational instability with solutions of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkof equations, we find that thermal pressure support in the outer protoneutron star core is responsible for raising the maximum protoneutron star mass by up to 25% above the cold neutron star value. By artificially increasing neutrino heating, we find the critical neutrino heating efficiency required for exploding a given progenitor structure and connect these findings with ZAMS conditions. This establishes, albeit approximately, for the first time based on actual collapse simulations, the mapping between ZAMS parameters and the outcome of core collapse. We also use GR1D to study proposed progenitors of long-duration gamma-ray bursts. We find that many of the proposed progenitors have core structures similar to garden-variety core-collapse supernovae. These are not expected to form black holes, a key ingredient of the collapsar model of long-duration gamma-ray bursts. The small fraction of proposed progenitors that are compact enough to form black holes have fast rotating iron cores, making them prone to a magneto-rotational explosion and the formation of a protomagnetar rather than a black hole. Finally, we present preliminary work on a fully general-relativistic neutrino transport code and neutrino-interaction library. Following along with the trends explored in our black hole formation study, we look at the dependence of the neutrino observables on the bounce compactness. We find clear relationships that will allow us to extract details of the core structure from the next galactic supernova. Following the open approach of GR1D, the neutrino transport code will be made open-source upon completion. The open-source neutrino-interaction library, NuLib, is already available at http://www.nulib.org.

  11. Analysis of surface cracks at hole by a 3-D weight function method with stresses from finite element method

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zhao, W.; Newman, J. C., Jr.; Sutton, M. A.; Shivakumar, K. N.; Wu, X. R.

    1995-01-01

    Parallel with the work in Part-1, stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical surface cracks emanating from a circular hole are determined. The 3-D weight function method with the 3D finite element solutions for the uncracked stress distribution as in Part-1 is used for the analysis. Two different loading conditions, i.e. remote tension and wedge loading, are considered for a wide range in geometrical parameters. Both single and double surface cracks are studied and compared with other solutions available in the literature. Typical crack opening displacements are also provided.

  12. Spherical neutron generator

    DOEpatents

    Leung, Ka-Ngo

    2006-11-21

    A spherical neutron generator is formed with a small spherical target and a spherical shell RF-driven plasma ion source surrounding the target. A deuterium (or deuterium and tritium) ion plasma is produced by RF excitation in the plasma ion source using an RF antenna. The plasma generation region is a spherical shell between an outer chamber and an inner extraction electrode. A spherical neutron generating target is at the center of the chamber and is biased negatively with respect to the extraction electrode which contains many holes. Ions passing through the holes in the extraction electrode are focused onto the target which produces neutrons by D-D or D-T reactions.

  13. Symmetry operators and decoupled equations for linear fields on black hole spacetimes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Araneda, Bernardo

    2017-02-01

    In the class of vacuum Petrov type D spacetimes with cosmological constant, which includes the Kerr-(A)dS black hole as a particular case, we find a set of four-dimensional operators that, when composed off shell with the Dirac, Maxwell and linearized gravity equations, give a system of equations for spin weighted scalars associated with the linear fields, that decouple on shell. Using these operator relations we give compact reconstruction formulae for solutions of the original spinor and tensor field equations in terms of solutions of the decoupled scalar equations. We also analyze the role of Killing spinors and Killing-Yano tensors in the spin weight zero equations and, in the case of spherical symmetry, we compare our four-dimensional formulation with the standard 2  +  2 decomposition and particularize to the Schwarzschild-(A)dS black hole. Our results uncover a pattern that generalizes a number of previous results on Teukolsky-like equations and Debye potentials for higher spin fields.

  14. FAST TRACK COMMUNICATION: Shear coordinate description of the quantized versal unfolding of a D4 singularity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chekhov, Leonid; Mazzocco, Marta

    2010-11-01

    In this communication, by using Teichmüller theory of a sphere with four holes/orbifold points, we obtain a system of flat coordinates on the general affine cubic surface having a D4 singularity at the origin. We show that the Goldman bracket on the geodesic functions on the four-holed/orbifold sphere coincides with the Etingof-Ginzburg Poisson bracket on the affine D4 cubic. We prove that this bracket is the image under the Riemann-Hilbert map of the Poisson-Lie bracket on \\oplus _{1}^3\\mathfrak {sl}^\\ast (2,{{\\bb C}}) . We realize the action of the mapping class group by the action of the braid group on the geodesic functions. This action coincides with the procedure of analytic continuation of solutions of the sixth Painlevé equation. Finally, we produce the explicit quantization of the Goldman bracket on the geodesic functions on the four-holed/orbifold sphere and of the braid group action.

  15. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Li, Haoxiang; Zhou, Xiaoqing; Nummy, Thomas

    Layered nickelates have the potential for exotic physics similar to high T C superconducting cuprates as they have similar crystal structures and these transition metals are neighbors in the periodic table. Here we present an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) study of the trilayer nickelate La 4Ni 3O 10 revealing its electronic structure and correlations, finding strong resemblances to the cuprates as well as a few key differences. We find a large hole Fermi surface that closely resembles the Fermi surface of optimally hole-doped cuprates, including its d x2-y2 orbital character, hole filling level, and strength of electronic correlations. However, inmore » contrast to cuprates, La 4Ni 3O 10 has no pseudogap in the d x2-y2 band, while it has an extra band of principally d 3z2-r2 orbital character, which presents a low temperature energy gap. Furthermore, these aspects drive the nickelate physics, with the differences from the cuprate electronic structure potentially shedding light on the origin of superconductivity in the cuprates.« less

  16. Shell Filling and Magnetic Anisotropy In A Few Hole Silicon Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Quantum Dot

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hamilton, Alex; Li., R.; Liles, S. D.; Yang, C. H.; Hudson, F. E.; Veldhorst, M. E.; Dzurak, A. S.

    There is growing interest in hole spin states in group IV materials for quantum information applications. The near-absence of nuclear spins in group IV crystals promises long spin coherence times, while the strong spin-orbit interaction of the hole states provides fast electrical spin manipulation methods. However, the level-mixing and magnetic field dependence of the p-orbital hole states is non-trivial in nanostructures, and is not as well understood as for electron systems. In this work, we study the hole states in a gate-defined silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot. Using an adjacent charge sensor, we monitor quantum dot orbital level spacing down to the very last hole, and find the standard two-dimensional (2D) circular dot shell filling structure. We can change the shell filling sequence by applying an out-of-plane magnetic field. However, when the field is applied in-plane, the shell filling is not changed. This magnetic field anisotropy suggests that the confined hole states are Ising-like.

  17. The 2002 Antarctic Ozone Hole

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Newman, P. A.; Nash, E. R.; Douglass, A. R.; Kawa, S. R.

    2003-01-01

    Since 1979, the ozone hole has grown from near zero size to over 24 Million km2. This area is most strongly controlled by levels of inorganic chlorine and bromine oncentrations. In addition, dynamical variations modulate the size of the ozone hole by either cooling or warming the polar vortex collar region. We will review the size observations, the size trends, and the interannual variability of the size. Using a simple trajectory model, we will demonstrate the sensitivity of the ozone hole to dynamical forcing, and we will use these observations to discuss the size of the ozone hole during the 2002 Austral spring. We will further show how the Cly decreases in the stratosphere will cause the ozone hole to decrease by 1-1.5% per year. We will also show results from a 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) that has been continuously run since 1999. These CTM results directly show how strong dynamics acts to reduce the size of the ozone hole.

  18. Fabrication of PDMS through-holes using the MIMIC method and the surface treatment by atmospheric-pressure CH4/He RF plasma

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Choi, Jongchan; Lee, Kyeong-Hwan; Yang, Sung

    2011-09-01

    This note presents a simple fabrication process for patterning micro through-holes in a PDMS layer by a combination of the micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) method and the surface treatment by atmospheric-pressure CH4/He RF plasma. The fabrication process is confirmed by forming micro through-holes with various shapes including circle, C-shape, open microfluidic channel and hemisphere. All micro through-holes of various shapes in a wide range of diameters and heights are well fabricated by the proposed method. Also, a 3D micromixer containing a PDMS micro through-hole layer formed by the proposed method is built and its performance is tested as another practical demonstration of the proposed fabrication method. Therefore, we believe that the proposed fabrication process will build a PDMS micro through-hole layer in a simple and easy way and will contribute to developing highly efficient multi-layered microfluidic systems, which may require PDMS micro through-hole layers.

  19. Carrier mobility in mesoscale heterogeneous organic materials: Effects of crystallinity and anisotropy on efficient charge transport

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kobayashi, Hajime; Shirasawa, Raku; Nakamoto, Mitsunori; Hattori, Shinnosuke; Tomiya, Shigetaka

    2017-07-01

    Charge transport in the mesoscale bulk heterojunctions (BHJs) of organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) is studied using multiscale simulations in combination with molecular dynamics, the density functional theory, the molecular-level kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method, and the coarse-grained kMC method, which was developed to estimate mesoscale carrier mobility. The effects of the degree of crystallinity and the anisotropy of the conductivity of donors on hole mobility are studied for BHJ structures that consist of crystalline and amorphous pentacene grains that act as donors and amorphous C60 grains that act as acceptors. We find that the hole mobility varies dramatically with the degree of crystallinity of pentacene because it is largely restricted by a low-mobility amorphous region that occurs in the hole transport network. It was also found that the percolation threshold of crystalline pentacene is relatively high at approximately 0.6. This high percolation threshold is attributed to the 2D-like conductivity of crystalline pentacene, and the threshold is greatly improved to a value of approximately 0.3 using 3D-like conductive donors. We propose essential guidelines to show that it is critical to increase the degree of crystallinity and develop 3D conductive donors for efficient hole transport through percolative networks in the BHJs of OPVs.

  20. Designing of self-deploying origami structures using geometrically misaligned crease patterns.

    PubMed

    Saito, Kazuya; Tsukahara, Akira; Okabe, Yoji

    2016-01-01

    Usually, origami-based morphing structures are designed on the premise of 'rigid folding', i.e. the facets and fold lines of origami can be replaced with rigid panels and ideal hinges, respectively. From a structural mechanics viewpoint, some rigid-foldable origami models are overconstrained and have negative degrees of freedom (d.f.). In these cases, the singularity in crease patterns guarantees their rigid foldability. This study presents a new method for designing self-deploying origami using the geometrically misaligned creases. In this method, some facets are replaced by 'holes' such that the systems become a 1-d.f. mechanism. These perforated origami models can be folded and unfolded similar to rigid-foldable (without misalignment) models because of their d.f. focusing on the removed facets, the holes will deform according to the motion of the frame of the remaining parts. In the proposed method, these holes are filled with elastic parts and store elastic energy for self-deployment. First, a new extended rigid-folding simulation technique is proposed to estimate the deformation of the holes. Next, the proposed method is applied on arbitrary-size quadrilateral mesh origami. Finally, by using the finite-element method, the authors conduct numerical simulations and confirm the deployment capabilities of the models.

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.
Top