Sample records for protocol umteap vicinity

  1. Dual catalysis for enantioselective convergent synthesis of enantiopure vicinal amino alcohols.

    PubMed

    Ye, Chen-Xi; Melcamu, Yared Yohannes; Li, Heng-Hui; Cheng, Jiang-Tao; Zhang, Tian-Tian; Ruan, Yuan-Ping; Zheng, Xiao; Lu, Xin; Huang, Pei-Qiang

    2018-01-29

    Enantiopure vicinal amino alcohols and derivatives are essential structural motifs in natural products and pharmaceutically active molecules, and serve as main chiral sources in asymmetric synthesis. Currently known asymmetric catalytic protocols for this class of compounds are still rare and often suffer from limited scope of substrates, relatively low regio- or stereoselectivities, thus prompting the development of more effective methodologies. Herein we report a dual catalytic strategy for the convergent enantioselective synthesis of vicinal amino alcohols. The method features a radical-type Zimmerman-Traxler transition state formed from a rare earth metal with a nitrone and an aromatic ketyl radical in the presence of chiral N,N'-dioxide ligands. In addition to high level of enantio- and diastereoselectivities, our synthetic protocol affords advantages of simple operation, mild conditions, high-yielding, and a broad scope of substrates. Furthermore, this protocol has been successfully applied to the concise synthesis of pharmaceutically valuable compounds (e.g., ephedrine and selegiline).

  2. Dehalogenation of vicinal dihalo compounds by 1,1'-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1H,1'H-4,4'-bipyridinylidene for giving alkenes and alkynes in a salt-free manner.

    PubMed

    Rej, Supriya; Pramanik, Suman; Tsurugi, Hayato; Mashima, Kazushi

    2017-12-07

    We report a transition metal-free dehalogenation of vicinal dihalo compounds by 1,1'-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1H,1'H-4,4'-bipyridinylidene (1) under mild conditions, in which trimethylsilyl halide and 4,4'-bipyridine were generated as byproducts. The synthetic protocol for this dehalogenation reaction was effective for a wide scope of dibromo compounds as substrates while keeping the various functional groups intact. Furthermore, the reduction of vicinal dichloro alkanes and vicinal dibromo alkenes also proceeded in a salt-free manner to afford the corresponding alkenes and alkynes.

  3. Catalytic Aminohalogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes

    PubMed Central

    Chemler, Sherry R.; Bovino, Michael T.

    2013-01-01

    Catalytic aminohalogenation methods enable the regio- and stereoselective vicinal difunctionalization of alkynes, allenes and alkenes with amine and halogen moieties. A range of protocols and reaction mechanisms including organometallic, Lewis base, Lewis acid and Brønsted acid catalysis have been disclosed, enabling the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of halogen-functionalized acyclic amines and nitrogen heterocycles. Recent advances including aminofluorination and catalytic enantioselective aminohalogenation reactions are summarized in this review. PMID:23828735

  4. Catalytic Aminohalogenation of Alkenes and Alkynes.

    PubMed

    Chemler, Sherry R; Bovino, Michael T

    2013-06-07

    Catalytic aminohalogenation methods enable the regio- and stereoselective vicinal difunctionalization of alkynes, allenes and alkenes with amine and halogen moieties. A range of protocols and reaction mechanisms including organometallic, Lewis base, Lewis acid and Brønsted acid catalysis have been disclosed, enabling the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of halogen-functionalized acyclic amines and nitrogen heterocycles. Recent advances including aminofluorination and catalytic enantioselective aminohalogenation reactions are summarized in this review.

  5. A general protocol for creating high-throughput screening assays for reaction yield and enantiomeric excess applied to hydrobenzoin

    PubMed Central

    Shabbir, Shagufta H.; Regan, Clinton J.; Anslyn, Eric V.

    2009-01-01

    A general approach to high-throughput screening of enantiomeric excess (ee) and concentration was developed by using indicator displacement assays (IDAs), and the protocol was then applied to the vicinal diol hydrobenzoin. The method involves the sequential utilization of what we define herein as screening, training, and analysis plates. Several enantioselective boronic acid-based receptors were screened by using 96-well plates, both for their ability to discriminate the enantiomers of hydrobenzoin and to find their optimal pairing with indicators resulting in the largest optical responses. The best receptor/indicator combination was then used to train an artificial neural network to determine concentration and ee. To prove the practicality of the developed protocol, analysis plates were created containing true unknown samples of hydrobenzoin generated by established Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reactions, and the best ligand was correctly identified. PMID:19332790

  6. Molecular recognition and self-assembly special feature: A general protocol for creating high-throughput screening assays for reaction yield and enantiomeric excess applied to hydrobenzoin.

    PubMed

    Shabbir, Shagufta H; Regan, Clinton J; Anslyn, Eric V

    2009-06-30

    A general approach to high-throughput screening of enantiomeric excess (ee) and concentration was developed by using indicator displacement assays (IDAs), and the protocol was then applied to the vicinal diol hydrobenzoin. The method involves the sequential utilization of what we define herein as screening, training, and analysis plates. Several enantioselective boronic acid-based receptors were screened by using 96-well plates, both for their ability to discriminate the enantiomers of hydrobenzoin and to find their optimal pairing with indicators resulting in the largest optical responses. The best receptor/indicator combination was then used to train an artificial neural network to determine concentration and ee. To prove the practicality of the developed protocol, analysis plates were created containing true unknown samples of hydrobenzoin generated by established Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation reactions, and the best ligand was correctly identified.

  7. Facile synthesis of "green" gold nanocrystals using cynarin in an aqueous solution

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Katircioğlu, Zeynep; Şakalak, Hüseyin; Ulaşan, Mehmet; Gören, Ahmet Ceyhan; Yavuz, Mustafa Selman

    2014-11-01

    Herein we describe a water-based protocol that generates Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) by mixing aqueous solutions of HAuCl4 and cynarin (a natural product extract from artichoke leaf). Based on the observations from 1H NMR spectrum of AuNPs, a polyol oxidation mechanism by metal ions which eventually results in AuNPs formation, is proposed. Basically, the aromatic alcohol groups (1,2-benzenediol) of cynarin are oxidized to α-hydroxy ketone intermediate product, and then further oxidized to the vicinal diketone final product while the Au3+ ions are reduced to its atomic form (Au0) which leads the generation of Au nanoparticles. This new protocol has also been employed to prepare multiply twinned Pd nanoparticles and Ag cubical aggregates. Due to exclusion of organic solvent, surfactant, or stabilizer for all these synthesis, this protocol may provide a simple, versatile, and environmentally benign route to fabricate noble-metal nanoparticles having various compositions and morphologies.

  8. Vicinal 1H-1H NMR coupling constants from density functional theory as reliable tools for stereochemical analysis of highly flexible multichiral center molecules.

    PubMed

    López-Vallejo, Fabian; Fragoso-Serrano, Mabel; Suárez-Ortiz, Gloria Alejandra; Hernández-Rojas, Adriana C; Cerda-García-Rojas, Carlos M; Pereda-Miranda, Rogelio

    2011-08-05

    A protocol for stereochemical analysis, based on the systematic comparison between theoretical and experimental vicinal (1)H-(1)H NMR coupling constants, was developed and applied to a series of flexible compounds (1-8) derived from the 6-heptenyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one framework. The method included a broad conformational search, followed by geometry optimization at the DFT B3LYP/DGDZVP level, calculation of the vibrational frequencies, thermochemical parameters, magnetic shielding tensors, and the total NMR spin-spin coupling constants. Three scaling factors, depending on the carbon atom hybridizations, were found for the (1)H-C-C-(1)H vicinal coupling constants: f((sp3)-(sp3)) = 0.910, f((sp3)-(sp2)) = 0.929, and f((sp2)-(sp2))= 0.977. A remarkable correlation between the theoretical (J(pre)) and experimental (1)H-(1)H NMR (J(exp)) coupling constants for spicigerolide (1), a cytotoxic natural product, and some of its synthetic stereoisomers (2-4) demonstrated the predictive value of this approach for the stereochemical assignment of highly flexible compounds containing multiple chiral centers. The stereochemistry of two natural 6-heptenyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-ones (14 and 15) containing diverse functional groups in the heptenyl side chain was also analyzed by application of this combined theoretical and experimental approach, confirming its reliability. Additionally, a geometrical analysis for the conformations of 1-8 revealed that weak hydrogen bonds substantially guide the conformational behavior of the tetraacyloxy-6-heptenyl-2H-pyran-2-ones.

  9. Spatiotemporal Local-Remote Senor Fusion (ST-LRSF) for Cooperative Vehicle Positioning.

    PubMed

    Jeong, Han-You; Nguyen, Hoa-Hung; Bhawiyuga, Adhitya

    2018-04-04

    Vehicle positioning plays an important role in the design of protocols, algorithms, and applications in the intelligent transport systems. In this paper, we present a new framework of spatiotemporal local-remote sensor fusion (ST-LRSF) that cooperatively improves the accuracy of absolute vehicle positioning based on two state estimates of a vehicle in the vicinity: a local sensing estimate, measured by the on-board exteroceptive sensors, and a remote sensing estimate, received from neighbor vehicles via vehicle-to-everything communications. Given both estimates of vehicle state, the ST-LRSF scheme identifies the set of vehicles in the vicinity, determines the reference vehicle state, proposes a spatiotemporal dissimilarity metric between two reference vehicle states, and presents a greedy algorithm to compute a minimal weighted matching (MWM) between them. Given the outcome of MWM, the theoretical position uncertainty of the proposed refinement algorithm is proven to be inversely proportional to the square root of matching size. To further reduce the positioning uncertainty, we also develop an extended Kalman filter model with the refined position of ST-LRSF as one of the measurement inputs. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed ST-LRSF framework can achieve high positioning accuracy for many different scenarios of cooperative vehicle positioning.

  10. A Matter of Timing: Identifying Significant Multi-Dose Radiotherapy Improvements by Numerical Simulation and Genetic Algorithm Search

    PubMed Central

    Angus, Simon D.; Piotrowska, Monika Joanna

    2014-01-01

    Multi-dose radiotherapy protocols (fraction dose and timing) currently used in the clinic are the product of human selection based on habit, received wisdom, physician experience and intra-day patient timetabling. However, due to combinatorial considerations, the potential treatment protocol space for a given total dose or treatment length is enormous, even for relatively coarse search; well beyond the capacity of traditional in-vitro methods. In constrast, high fidelity numerical simulation of tumor development is well suited to the challenge. Building on our previous single-dose numerical simulation model of EMT6/Ro spheroids, a multi-dose irradiation response module is added and calibrated to the effective dose arising from 18 independent multi-dose treatment programs available in the experimental literature. With the developed model a constrained, non-linear, search for better performing cadidate protocols is conducted within the vicinity of two benchmarks by genetic algorithm (GA) techniques. After evaluating less than 0.01% of the potential benchmark protocol space, candidate protocols were identified by the GA which conferred an average of 9.4% (max benefit 16.5%) and 7.1% (13.3%) improvement (reduction) on tumour cell count compared to the two benchmarks, respectively. Noticing that a convergent phenomenon of the top performing protocols was their temporal synchronicity, a further series of numerical experiments was conducted with periodic time-gap protocols (10 h to 23 h), leading to the discovery that the performance of the GA search candidates could be replicated by 17–18 h periodic candidates. Further dynamic irradiation-response cell-phase analysis revealed that such periodicity cohered with latent EMT6/Ro cell-phase temporal patterning. Taken together, this study provides powerful evidence towards the hypothesis that even simple inter-fraction timing variations for a given fractional dose program may present a facile, and highly cost-effecitive means of significantly improving clinical efficacy. PMID:25460164

  11. A matter of timing: identifying significant multi-dose radiotherapy improvements by numerical simulation and genetic algorithm search.

    PubMed

    Angus, Simon D; Piotrowska, Monika Joanna

    2014-01-01

    Multi-dose radiotherapy protocols (fraction dose and timing) currently used in the clinic are the product of human selection based on habit, received wisdom, physician experience and intra-day patient timetabling. However, due to combinatorial considerations, the potential treatment protocol space for a given total dose or treatment length is enormous, even for relatively coarse search; well beyond the capacity of traditional in-vitro methods. In constrast, high fidelity numerical simulation of tumor development is well suited to the challenge. Building on our previous single-dose numerical simulation model of EMT6/Ro spheroids, a multi-dose irradiation response module is added and calibrated to the effective dose arising from 18 independent multi-dose treatment programs available in the experimental literature. With the developed model a constrained, non-linear, search for better performing cadidate protocols is conducted within the vicinity of two benchmarks by genetic algorithm (GA) techniques. After evaluating less than 0.01% of the potential benchmark protocol space, candidate protocols were identified by the GA which conferred an average of 9.4% (max benefit 16.5%) and 7.1% (13.3%) improvement (reduction) on tumour cell count compared to the two benchmarks, respectively. Noticing that a convergent phenomenon of the top performing protocols was their temporal synchronicity, a further series of numerical experiments was conducted with periodic time-gap protocols (10 h to 23 h), leading to the discovery that the performance of the GA search candidates could be replicated by 17-18 h periodic candidates. Further dynamic irradiation-response cell-phase analysis revealed that such periodicity cohered with latent EMT6/Ro cell-phase temporal patterning. Taken together, this study provides powerful evidence towards the hypothesis that even simple inter-fraction timing variations for a given fractional dose program may present a facile, and highly cost-effecitive means of significantly improving clinical efficacy.

  12. Microbial Groundwater Sampling Protocol for Fecal-Rich Environments

    PubMed Central

    Harter, Thomas; Watanabe, Naoko; Li, Xunde; Atwill, Edward R; Samuels, William

    2014-01-01

    Inherently, confined animal farming operations (CAFOs) and other intense fecal-rich environments are potential sources of groundwater contamination by enteric pathogens. The ubiquity of microbial matter poses unique technical challenges in addition to economic constraints when sampling wells in such environments. In this paper, we evaluate a groundwater sampling protocol that relies on extended purging with a portable submersible stainless steel pump and Teflon® tubing as an alternative to equipment sterilization. The protocol allows for collecting a large number of samples quickly, relatively inexpensively, and under field conditions with limited access to capacity for sterilizing equipment. The protocol is tested on CAFO monitoring wells and considers three cross-contamination sources: equipment, wellbore, and ambient air. For the assessment, we use Enterococcus, a ubiquitous fecal indicator bacterium (FIB), in laboratory and field tests with spiked and blank samples, and in an extensive, multi-year field sampling campaign on 17 wells within 2 CAFOs. The assessment shows that extended purging can successfully control for equipment cross-contamination, but also controls for significant contamination of the well-head, within the well casing and within the immediate aquifer vicinity of the well-screen. Importantly, our tests further indicate that Enterococcus is frequently entrained in water samples when exposed to ambient air at a CAFO during sample collection. Wellbore and air contamination pose separate challenges in the design of groundwater monitoring strategies on CAFOs that are not addressed by equipment sterilization, but require adequate QA/QC procedures and can be addressed by the proposed sampling strategy. PMID:24903186

  13. Remote vibration monitoring system using wireless internet data transfer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lemke, John

    2000-06-01

    Vibrations from construction activities can affect infrastructure projects in several ways. Within the general vicinity of a construction site, vibrations can result in damage to existing structures, disturbance to people, damage to sensitive machinery, and degraded performance of precision instrumentation or motion sensitive equipment. Current practice for monitoring vibrations in the vicinity of construction sites commonly consists of measuring free field or structural motions using velocity transducers connected to a portable data acquisition unit via cables. This paper describes an innovative way to collect, process, transmit, and analyze vibration measurements obtained at construction sites. The system described measures vibration at the sensor location, performs necessary signal conditioning and digitization, and sends data to a Web server using wireless data transmission and Internet protocols. A Servlet program running on the Web server accepts the transmitted data and incorporates it into a project database. Two-way interaction between the Web-client and the Web server is accomplished through the use of a Servlet program and a Java Applet running inside a browser located on the Web client's computer. Advantages of this system over conventional vibration data logging systems include continuous unattended monitoring, reduced costs associated with field data collection, instant access to data files and graphs by project team members, and the ability to remotely modify data sampling schemes.

  14. Spatiotemporal Local-Remote Senor Fusion (ST-LRSF) for Cooperative Vehicle Positioning

    PubMed Central

    Bhawiyuga, Adhitya

    2018-01-01

    Vehicle positioning plays an important role in the design of protocols, algorithms, and applications in the intelligent transport systems. In this paper, we present a new framework of spatiotemporal local-remote sensor fusion (ST-LRSF) that cooperatively improves the accuracy of absolute vehicle positioning based on two state estimates of a vehicle in the vicinity: a local sensing estimate, measured by the on-board exteroceptive sensors, and a remote sensing estimate, received from neighbor vehicles via vehicle-to-everything communications. Given both estimates of vehicle state, the ST-LRSF scheme identifies the set of vehicles in the vicinity, determines the reference vehicle state, proposes a spatiotemporal dissimilarity metric between two reference vehicle states, and presents a greedy algorithm to compute a minimal weighted matching (MWM) between them. Given the outcome of MWM, the theoretical position uncertainty of the proposed refinement algorithm is proven to be inversely proportional to the square root of matching size. To further reduce the positioning uncertainty, we also develop an extended Kalman filter model with the refined position of ST-LRSF as one of the measurement inputs. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed ST-LRSF framework can achieve high positioning accuracy for many different scenarios of cooperative vehicle positioning. PMID:29617341

  15. Technical Note: Scanning of parallel-plate ionization chamber and diamond detector for measurements of water-dose profiles in the vicinity of a narrow x-ray microbeam.

    PubMed

    Nariyama, Nobuteru

    2017-12-01

    Scanning of dosimeters facilitates dose distribution measurements with fine spatial resolutions. This paper presents a method of conversion of the scanning results to water-dose profiles and provides an experimental verification. An Advanced Markus chamber and a diamond detector were scanned at a resolution of 6 μm near the beam edges during irradiation with a 25-μm-wide white narrow x-ray beam from a synchrotron radiation source. For comparison, GafChromic films HD-810 and HD-V2 were also irradiated. The conversion procedure for the water dose values was simulated with Monte Carlo photon-electron transport code as a function of the x-ray incidence position. This method was deduced from nonstandard beam reference-dosimetry protocols used for high-energy x-rays. Among the calculated nonstandard beam correction factors, P wall , which is the ratio of the absorbed dose in the sensitive volume of the chamber with water wall to that with a polymethyl methacrylate wall, was found to be the most influential correction factor in most conditions. The total correction factor ranged from 1.7 to 2.7 for the Advanced Markus chamber and from 1.15 to 1.86 for the diamond detector as a function of the x-ray incidence position. The water dose values obtained with the Advanced Markus chamber and the HD-810 film were in agreement in the vicinity of the beam, within 35% and 18% for the upper and lower sides of the beam respectively. The beam width obtained from the diamond detector was greater, and the doses out of the beam were smaller than the doses of the others. The comparison between the Advanced Markus chamber and HD-810 revealed that the dose obtained with the scanned chamber could be converted to the water dose around the beam by applying nonstandard beam reference-dosimetry protocols. © 2017 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

  16. LAN MAP: An Innovative Airborne Light at Night Mapping Project

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Craine, Eric R.; Craine, B. L.; Craine, E. M.; Craine, P. R.

    2013-01-01

    Widespread installation of inefficient and misdirected artificial light at night (LAN) has led to increasing concerns about light pollution and its impact, not only on astronomical facilities but larger communities as well. Light pollution impacts scientific research, environmental ecosystems, human health, and quality of life. In recent years, the public policy response to light pollution has included formulation of government codes to regulate lighting design and installation. Various environmental groups now include light pollution among their rallying themes to protest both specific and general developments. The latter efforts are often conducted in the absence of any quantitative data and are frequently charged by emotion rather than reason. To bring some scientific objectivity, and quantitative data, to these discussions, we have developed a suite of tools for simultaneous photometric measurements and temporal monitoring of both local communities and the sky overhead. We have also developed novel protocols for the use of these tools, including a triad of airborne, ground mobile, and ground static photometric surveys. We present a summary of these tools and protocols, with special emphasis on the airborne systems, and discuss baseline and follow-up measurements of LAN environments in the vicinity of numerous observatories in Arizona, the home of the initial LAN MAP surveys.

  17. SU-E-I-26: The CT Compatibility of a Novel Direction Modulated Brachytherapy (DMBT) Tandem Applicator for Cervical Cancer

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Elzibak, A; Safigholi, H; Soliman, A

    2015-06-15

    Purpose: To examine CT metal image artifact from a novel direction-modulated brachytherapy (DMBT) tandem applicator (95% tungsten) for cervical cancer using a commercially available orthopedic metal artifact reduction (O-MAR) algorithm. Comparison to a conventional stainless steel applicator is also performed. Methods: Each applicator was placed in a water-filled phantom resembling the female pelvis and scanned in a Philips Brilliance 16-slice CT scanner using two pelvis protocols: a typical clinical protocol (120kVp, 16×0.75mm collimation, 0.692 pitch, 1.0s rotation, 350mm field of view (FOV), 600mAs, 1.5mm slices) and a protocol with a higher kVp and mAs setting useful for larger patients (140kVp,more » 16×0.75mm collimation, 0.688 pitch, 1.5s rotation, 350mm FOV, 870mAs, 1.5mm slices). Images of each tandem were acquired with and without the application of the O-MAR algorithm. Baseline scans of the phantom (no applicator) were also collected. CT numbers were quantified at distances from 5 to 30 mm away from the applicator’s edge (in increments of 5mm) using measurements at eight angles around the applicator, on three consecutive slices. Results: While the presence of both applicators degraded image quality, the DMBT applicator resulted in larger streaking artifacts and dark areas in the image compared to the stainless steel applicator. Application of the O-MAR algorithm improved all acquired images, both visually and quantitatively. The use of low and high kVp and mAs settings (120 kVp/600mAs and 140 kVp/870mAs) in conjunction with the O-MAR algorithm lead to similar CT numbers in the vicinity of the applicator and a similar reduction of the induced metal artifact. Conclusion: This work indicated that metal artifacts induced by the DMBT and the stainless steel applicator are greatly reduced when using the O-MAR algorithm, leading to better quality phantom images. The use of a high dose protocol provided similar improvements in metal artifacts compared to the clinical protocol.« less

  18. Treatments for reducing total vicine in Egyptian faba bean (Giza 2 variety).

    PubMed

    Abd Allah, M A; Foda, Y H; Abu Salem, F M; Abd Allah, Z S

    1988-01-01

    The response of faba bean 'Vicia faba' (Giza 2 variety) towards soaking conditions differed greatly since the absorbed quantities of water (either by the whole or the decorticated forms) are a function of their chemical constituents. On the other hand, 28.45% of the total vicine (vicine & convicine) present in the whole faba bean samples was extracted after soaking for 72 h at room temperature. Subsequently, other soaking mediums, i.e., 0.5% sodium carbonate and/or 1% acetic acid were used in an attempt to increase the level of vicine elimination. Percentage removal of total vicine in whole faba bean was higher in the acidic (61.31%) than the alkaline (38.40%) medium under the conditions tested, i.e., at room temperature for 72 hours. The rates of vicine + convicine elimination in decorticated faba bean for the acidic acid and alkaline soaking media were 78.46 and 79.13%, respectively. The solubility ratio of total vicine relative to soaking solutions (H2O:Na2CO3:Acetic acid) was 1:1.35:2.16 in the whole broad bean and 1:2.41:2.39 in the decorticated samples. The residual amounts of total vicine (78.33% and 77.27%) present after stewing under normal and under pressure cooking conditions could be expected to be decreased to 30.33% for the former and 29.92% for the later after 72 h of soaking. Regression analysis was used to estimate the theoretical zero point of vicine elimination from faba bean through soaking in 1% acetic acid.

  19. Correlation of Shiga Toxin Gene Frequency with Commonly Used Microbial Indicators of Recreational Water Quality▿ †

    PubMed Central

    Smith, Cody J.; Olszewski, Adam M.; Mauro, Steven A.

    2009-01-01

    Shiga toxin (Stx) genes produce proteins that are pathogenic to humans, leading to severe gastrointestinal illness. This work focuses on examining the abundance and distribution of stx genes in relation to common microbial indicators in beach water and streams in the vicinity of Presque Isle State Park in Erie, PA. By use of quantitative PCR, the relative abundance levels of stx DNA in over 700 samples in the sampling area were determined. The results demonstrate that the abundance and distribution of stx genes are variable and do not correlate with the abundance of Escherichia coli bacteria, enterococci, or viral particles. These results suggest that microbial indicators of water quality are not adequate in predicting the occurrence of organisms that harbor stx genes and highlight the need for standardized pathogen-specific detection protocols for waters utilized for recreational swimming. PMID:19011065

  20. Detection of the urban release of a bacillus anthracis simulant by air sampling.

    PubMed

    Garza, Alexander G; Van Cuyk, Sheila M; Brown, Michael J; Omberg, Kristin M

    2014-01-01

    In 2005 and 2009, the Pentagon Force Protection Agency (PFPA) staged deliberate releases of a commercially available organic pesticide containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to evaluate PFPA's biothreat response protocols. In concert with, but independent of, these releases, the Department of Homeland Security sponsored experiments to evaluate the efficacy of commonly employed air and surface sampling techniques for detection of an aerosolized biological agent. High-volume air samplers were placed in the expected downwind plume, and samples were collected before, during, and after the releases. Environmental surface and personal air samples were collected in the vicinity of the high-volume air samplers hours after the plume had dispersed. The results indicate it is feasible to detect the release of a biological agent in an urban area both during and after the release of a biological agent using high-volume air and environmental sampling techniques.

  1. High precision single qubit tuning via thermo-magnetic field control

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Broadway, David A.; Lillie, Scott E.; Dontschuk, Nikolai; Stacey, Alastair; Hall, Liam T.; Tetienne, Jean-Philippe; Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.

    2018-03-01

    Precise control of the resonant frequency of a spin qubit is of fundamental importance to quantum sensing protocols. We demonstrate a control technique on a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre in diamond where the applied magnetic field is modified by fine-tuning a permanent magnet's magnetisation via temperature control. Through this control mechanism, nanoscale cross-relaxation spectroscopy of both electron and nuclear spins in the vicinity of the NV centre is performed. We then show that through maintaining the magnet at a constant temperature, an order of magnitude improvement in the stability of the NV qubit frequency can be achieved. This improved stability is tested in the polarisation of a small ensemble of nearby 13C spins via resonant cross-relaxation, and the lifetime of this polarisation explored. The effectiveness and relative simplicity of this technique may find use in the realisation of portable spectroscopy and/or hyperpolarisation systems.

  2. Usefulness of the advanced neuroimaging protocol based on plain and gadolinium-enhanced constructive interference in steady state images for gamma knife radiosurgery and planning microsurgical procedures for skull base tumors.

    PubMed

    Hayashi, Motohiro; Chernov, Mikhail F; Tamura, Noriko; Yomo, Shoji; Tamura, Manabu; Horiba, Ayako; Izawa, Masahiro; Muragaki, Yoshihiro; Iseki, Hiroshi; Okada, Yoshikazu; Ivanov, Pavel; Régis, Jean; Takakura, Kintomo

    2013-01-01

    Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) is currently performed with 0.1 mm preciseness, which can be designated microradiosurgery. It requires advanced methods for visualizing the target, which can be effectively attained by a neuroimaging protocol based on plain and gadolinium-enhanced constructive interference in steady state (CISS) images. Since 2003, the following thin-sliced images are routinely obtained before GKS of skull base lesions in our practice: axial CISS, gadolinium-enhanced axial CISS, gadolinium-enhanced axial modified time-of-flight (TOF), and axial computed tomography (CT). Fusion of "bone window" CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and detailed three-dimensional (3D) delineation of the anatomical structures are performed with the Leksell GammaPlan (Elekta Instruments AB). Recently, a similar technique has been also applied to evaluate neuroanatomy before open microsurgical procedures. Plain CISS images permit clear visualization of the cranial nerves in the subarachnoid space. Gadolinium-enhanced CISS images make the tumor "lucid" but do not affect the signal intensity of the cranial nerves, so they can be clearly delineated in the vicinity to the lesion. Gadolinium-enhanced TOF images are useful for 3D evaluation of the interrelations between the neoplasm and adjacent vessels. Fusion of "bone window" CT and MRI scans permits simultaneous assessment of both soft tissue and bone structures and allows 3D estimation and correction of MRI distortion artifacts. Detailed understanding of the neuroanatomy based on application of the advanced neuroimaging protocol permits performance of highly conformal and selective radiosurgical treatment. It also allows precise planning of the microsurgical procedures for skull base tumors.

  3. Fish-community composition in Otselic River, in the vicinity of Whitney Point Lake, Broome and Cortland counties, New York, 2000

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Brightbill, R.A.; Bilger, Michael D.

    2001-01-01

    The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Baltimore District, has been conducting biological surveys of the inflow and outflow streams of Whitney Point Lake since the early 1980's. These surveys are made to identify possible detrimental effects as well as benefits of the reservoir and to better understand the aquatic communities in the vicinity of the lake at the present and over time. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Geological Survey jointly conducted a survey of the fish communities upstream and downstream of the reservoir in Otselic River in September 2000. The fish communities upstream and downstream were compared and any differences or similarities seen in the communities were noted.This study found the fish communities upstream and downstream of Whitney Point Lake to be in good condition, with Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) scores 4.3 upstream and 4.5 downstream. The habitat conditions of both reaches were of suboptimal quality, with a score of 15 for both reaches as determined by use of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Rapid Bioassessment Protocols, yet are capable of supporting fish communities. The Shannon Index was 3.83 upstream and 3.16 downstream of the lake, indicating that both reaches are slightly impacted by species richness and lack of individual evenness among the species. The communities also were different from each other. Only 11 of the 21 species upstream were also captured downstream. The Jaccards Coefficient and the Index of Similarity reflect this community difference with scores of 0.39 and 0.56, respectively.

  4. Morphological instability of GaAs (7 1 1)A: A transition between (1 0 0) and (5 1 1) terraces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yazdanpanah, V. R.; Wang, Zh. M.; Salamo, G. J.

    2005-06-01

    We report on the use of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study that indicates that the GaAs (7 1 1)A is right at the transition between vicinal GaAs (1 0 0) and vicinal GaAs (5 1 1)A surfaces and that a variation of the As overpressure switches the surface morphology between the two vicinal surfaces. The steps on the vicinal (1 0 0) surface have a width of 1.5 nm creating a staircase surface with excellent possibilities for growth of quantum wells. As-rich conditions can be described by vicinal (5 1 1)A surfaces with a width of 3.5 nm. This surface could find applications as a template for quantum wire growth. The observation suggests that the transition between these two morphologies is understandable based on the increase in surface energy of a vicinal (1 0 0) surface as the step separation approaches the dimer reconstructed separation.

  5. Toxic trace elements in solid airborne particles and ecological risk assessment in the vicinity of local boiler house plants

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Talovskaya, Anna V.; Osipova, Nina A.; Yazikov, Egor G.; Shakhova, Tatyana S.

    2017-11-01

    The article deals with assessment of anthropogenic pollution in vicinity of local boilers using the data on microelement composition of solid airborne particles deposited in snow. The anthropogenic feature of elevated accumulation levels of solid airborne particles deposited in snow in the vicinity of coal-fired boiler house is revealed in elevated concentrations (3-25 higher than background) of Cd, Sb, Mo, Pb, Sr, Ba, Ni, Mo, Zn and Co. In the vicinity oil-fired boiler house the specific elements as parts of solid airborne particles deposited in snow are V, Ni and Sb, as their content exceeds the background from 3 to 8 times. It is determined that the maximum shares in non-carcinogenic human health risk from chronic inhalation of trace elements to the human body in the vicinity of coal-fired boiler house belong to Al, Mn, Cu, Ba, Co, Pb, whereas in the vicinity of oil-fired boiler house - Al, Mn, Cu, Ni, V.

  6. A Novel Cooperative Opportunistic Routing Scheme for Underwater Sensor Networks

    PubMed Central

    Ghoreyshi, Seyed Mohammad; Shahrabi, Alireza; Boutaleb, Tuleen

    2016-01-01

    Increasing attention has recently been devoted to underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) because of their capabilities in the ocean monitoring and resource discovery. UWSNs are faced with different challenges, the most notable of which is perhaps how to efficiently deliver packets taking into account all of the constraints of the available acoustic communication channel. The opportunistic routing provides a reliable solution with the aid of intermediate nodes’ collaboration to relay a packet toward the destination. In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol, called opportunistic void avoidance routing (OVAR), to address the void problem and also the energy-reliability trade-off in the forwarding set selection. OVAR takes advantage of distributed beaconing, constructs the adjacency graph at each hop and selects a forwarding set that holds the best trade-off between reliability and energy efficiency. The unique features of OVAR in selecting the candidate nodes in the vicinity of each other leads to the resolution of the hidden node problem. OVAR is also able to select the forwarding set in any direction from the sender, which increases its flexibility to bypass any kind of void area with the minimum deviation from the optimal path. The results of our extensive simulation study show that OVAR outperforms other protocols in terms of the packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, end-to-end delay, hop count and traversed distance. PMID:26927118

  7. A Novel Cooperative Opportunistic Routing Scheme for Underwater Sensor Networks.

    PubMed

    Ghoreyshi, Seyed Mohammad; Shahrabi, Alireza; Boutaleb, Tuleen

    2016-02-26

    Increasing attention has recently been devoted to underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) because of their capabilities in the ocean monitoring and resource discovery. UWSNs are faced with different challenges, the most notable of which is perhaps how to efficiently deliver packets taking into account all of the constraints of the available acoustic communication channel. The opportunistic routing provides a reliable solution with the aid of intermediate nodes' collaboration to relay a packet toward the destination. In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol, called opportunistic void avoidance routing (OVAR), to address the void problem and also the energy-reliability trade-off in the forwarding set selection. OVAR takes advantage of distributed beaconing, constructs the adjacency graph at each hop and selects a forwarding set that holds the best trade-off between reliability and energy efficiency. The unique features of OVAR in selecting the candidate nodes in the vicinity of each other leads to the resolution of the hidden node problem. OVAR is also able to select the forwarding set in any direction from the sender, which increases its flexibility to bypass any kind of void area with the minimum deviation from the optimal path. The results of our extensive simulation study show that OVAR outperforms other protocols in terms of the packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, end-to-end delay, hop count and traversed distance.

  8. EFFECT OF IONIC STRENGTH ON ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF VICINAL WATER

    EPA Science Inventory

    Surface research over the past 75 years has clearly shown that water under the influence of electrical and magnetic force fields (vicinal water) does not have the same properties as bulk water. Vicinal water is vital in influencing and maintaining the critical spatial and confor...

  9. 33 CFR 110.133 - Kennebec River in vicinity of Bath, Maine.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Kennebec River in vicinity of Bath, Maine. 110.133 Section 110.133 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Anchorage Grounds § 110.133 Kennebec River in vicinity...

  10. 33 CFR 110.133 - Kennebec River in vicinity of Bath, Maine.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Kennebec River in vicinity of Bath, Maine. 110.133 Section 110.133 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Anchorage Grounds § 110.133 Kennebec River in vicinity...

  11. 33 CFR 110.133 - Kennebec River in vicinity of Bath, Maine.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Kennebec River in vicinity of Bath, Maine. 110.133 Section 110.133 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Anchorage Grounds § 110.133 Kennebec River in vicinity...

  12. Local dark energy: HST evidence from the vicinity of the M81/M82 galaxy group

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chernin, A. D.; Karachentsev, I. D.; Kashibadze, O. G.; Makarov, D. I.; Teerikorpi, P.; Valtonen, M. J.; Dolgachev, V. P.; Domozhilova, L. M.

    2007-10-01

    The Hubble Space Telescope observations of the nearby galaxy group M81/M82 and its vicinity indicate that the dynamics of the expansion outflow around the group is dominated by the antigravity of the dark energy background. The local density of dark energy in the area is estimated to be near the global dark energy density or perhaps exactly equal to it. This conclusion agrees well with our previous results for the Local Group vicinity and the vicinity of the Cen A/M83 group.

  13. Ge growth on vicinal si(001) surfaces: island's shape and pair interaction versus miscut angle.

    PubMed

    Persichetti, L; Sgarlata, A; Fanfoni, M; Balzarotti, A

    2011-10-01

    A complete description of Ge growth on vicinal Si(001) surfaces is provided. The distinctive mechanisms of the epitaxial growth process on vicinal surfaces are clarified from the very early stages of Ge deposition to the nucleation of 3D islands. By interpolating high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy measurements with continuum elasticity modeling, we assess the dependence of island's shape and elastic interaction on the substrate misorientation. Our results confirm that vicinal surfaces offer an additional degree of control over the shape and symmetry of self-assembled nanostructures.

  14. 33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

  15. 33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

  16. 33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

  17. 33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

  18. 29 CFR 1918.96 - Maintenance and repair work in the vicinity of longshoring operations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... General Working Conditions. § 1918.96 Maintenance and repair work in the vicinity of longshoring... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Maintenance and repair work in the vicinity of longshoring... operations shall not be carried on in the hold or on deck beneath work being conducted overhead whenever such...

  19. 33 CFR 334.330 - Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range... waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range...

  20. 33 CFR 334.330 - Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range... waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range...

  1. 33 CFR 334.330 - Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range... waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range...

  2. 33 CFR 334.330 - Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range... waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range...

  3. 33 CFR 334.330 - Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and connecting waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range... waters in vicinity of Myrtle Island, Va.; Air Force practice bombing, rocket firing, and gunnery range...

  4. 77 FR 5398 - Safety Zone; Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, Vicinity of Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, NC

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-03

    ...-AA00 Safety Zone; Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, Vicinity of Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, NC... zone on the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AICW) adjacent to Marine Corps Base (MCB) Camp Lejeune..., Vicinity of Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, NC in the Federal Register (77 FR 1431). We received no...

  5. 33 CFR 110.218 - Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. 110.218 Section 110.218 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST... Pacific Ocean at San Clemente Island, Calif.; in vicinity of Wilson Cove. (a) The anchorage grounds...

  6. Serine Proteolytic Pathway Activation Reveals an Expanded Ensemble of Wound Response Genes in Drosophila

    PubMed Central

    Patterson, Rachel A.; Juarez, Michelle T.; Hermann, Anita; Sasik, Roman; Hardiman, Gary; McGinnis, William

    2013-01-01

    After injury to the animal epidermis, a variety of genes are transcriptionally activated in nearby cells to regenerate the missing cells and facilitate barrier repair. The range and types of diffusible wound signals that are produced by damaged epidermis and function to activate repair genes during epidermal regeneration remains a subject of very active study in many animals. In Drosophila embryos, we have discovered that serine protease function is locally activated around wound sites, and is also required for localized activation of epidermal repair genes. The serine protease trypsin is sufficient to induce a striking global epidermal wound response without inflicting cell death or compromising the integrity of the epithelial barrier. We developed a trypsin wounding treatment as an amplification tool to more fully understand the changes in the Drosophila transcriptome that occur after epidermal injury. By comparing our array results with similar results on mammalian skin wounding we can see which evolutionarily conserved pathways are activated after epidermal wounding in very diverse animals. Our innovative serine protease-mediated wounding protocol allowed us to identify 8 additional genes that are activated in epidermal cells in the immediate vicinity of puncture wounds, and the functions of many of these genes suggest novel genetic pathways that may control epidermal wound repair. Additionally, our data augments the evidence that clean puncture wounding can mount a powerful innate immune transcriptional response, with different innate immune genes being activated in an interesting variety of ways. These include puncture-induced activation only in epidermal cells in the immediate vicinity of wounds, or in all epidermal cells, or specifically in the fat body, or in multiple tissues. PMID:23637905

  7. Fish-community composition in Canacadea Creek, in the vicinity of Almond Lake, Allegany and Steuben counties, New York, 2000

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Brightbill, R.A.; Bilger, Michael D.

    2001-01-01

    The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Baltimore District, has been conducting biological surveys of the inflow and outflow streams of Almond Lake since the early 1980's. These surveys are made to identify possible detrimental effects as well as benefits of the reservoir and to better understand the aquatic communities in the vicinity of the lake at the present and over time. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Geological Survey jointly conducted a survey of the fish communities upstream and downstream of the lake in Canacadea Creek in September 2000. The fish communities upstream and downstream were compared and any differences or similarities seen in the communities were noted.This study found the fish communities to be in fair condition upstream and good condition downstream of Almond Lake, with Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) scores of 3.5 and 5.0, respectively. The habitat conditions of both reaches were of suboptimal quality, with a score of 14 upstream and 15 downstream as determined by use of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Rapid Bioassessment Protocols, and are capable of supporting fish communities. The Shannon Index indicates species richness and evenness and was 1.87 upstream and 3.22 downstream of the lake, indicating the upstream reach is severely impacted and the downstream reach appears to be not impacted. The Jaccards Coefficient and the Index of Similarity statistically show these communities are similar with scores of 0.55 and 0.71, respectively. Of the 12 species captured upstream, 11 of those also were captured downstream along with 8 other species for a total of 19 species downstream.

  8. 33 CFR 334.1120 - Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. 334.1120 Section 334.1120 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.1120 Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. (a...

  9. 33 CFR 334.1120 - Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. 334.1120 Section 334.1120 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.1120 Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. (a...

  10. 33 CFR 334.1120 - Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. 334.1120 Section 334.1120 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.1120 Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. (a...

  11. 33 CFR 334.1120 - Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. 334.1120 Section 334.1120 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.1120 Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. (a...

  12. 33 CFR 334.1120 - Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. 334.1120 Section 334.1120 Navigation and Navigable... REGULATIONS § 334.1120 Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of Point Mugu, Calif.; naval small arms firing range. (a...

  13. 33 CFR 334.40 - Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target area. 334.40 Section 334.40... AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.40 Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of... yards having its center on Shag Rock in the vicinity of Duck Island at latitude 43°00′12″, longitude 70...

  14. 33 CFR 334.40 - Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target area. 334.40 Section 334.40... AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.40 Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of... yards having its center on Shag Rock in the vicinity of Duck Island at latitude 43°00′12″, longitude 70...

  15. 33 CFR 334.40 - Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target area. 334.40 Section 334.40... AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.40 Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of... yards having its center on Shag Rock in the vicinity of Duck Island at latitude 43°00′12″, longitude 70...

  16. 33 CFR 334.40 - Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target area. 334.40 Section 334.40... AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.40 Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of... yards having its center on Shag Rock in the vicinity of Duck Island at latitude 43°00′12″, longitude 70...

  17. 33 CFR 334.40 - Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Duck Island, Maine, Isles of Shoals; naval aircraft bombing target area. 334.40 Section 334.40... AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.40 Atlantic Ocean in vicinity of Duck Island, Maine, Isles of... yards having its center on Shag Rock in the vicinity of Duck Island at latitude 43°00′12″, longitude 70...

  18. 33 CFR 334.1020 - San Francisco Bay and Oakland Inner Harbor; restricted areas in vicinity of Naval Air Station...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Inner Harbor; restricted areas in vicinity of Naval Air Station, Alameda. 334.1020 Section 334.1020... areas in vicinity of Naval Air Station, Alameda. (a) The areas. (1) The waters of San Francisco Bay bounded by the shore of Naval Air Station, Alameda, and a line beginning at a point on the north side of...

  19. 33 CFR 334.1100 - San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... part of the Navy Yard, Mare Island, south of the causeway between the City of Vallejo and Mare Island..., and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. 334.1100... Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters...

  20. 33 CFR 334.1100 - San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... part of the Navy Yard, Mare Island, south of the causeway between the City of Vallejo and Mare Island..., and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. 334.1100... Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters...

  1. 33 CFR 334.1100 - San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... part of the Navy Yard, Mare Island, south of the causeway between the City of Vallejo and Mare Island..., and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. 334.1100... Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters...

  2. 33 CFR 334.1100 - San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... part of the Navy Yard, Mare Island, south of the causeway between the City of Vallejo and Mare Island..., and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. 334.1100... Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters...

  3. 33 CFR 334.1100 - San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... part of the Navy Yard, Mare Island, south of the causeway between the City of Vallejo and Mare Island..., and Mare Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. 334.1100... Island Strait in vicinity of U.S. Naval Shipyard, Mare Island; restricted area. (a) The area. The waters...

  4. 33 CFR 334.940 - Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve, National Guard, and Coast Guard units. 334..., DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DANGER ZONE AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.940 Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San...

  5. 33 CFR 334.940 - Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve, National Guard, and Coast Guard units. 334..., DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DANGER ZONE AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.940 Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San...

  6. 33 CFR 334.940 - Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve, National Guard, and Coast Guard units. 334..., DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DANGER ZONE AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.940 Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San...

  7. 33 CFR 334.940 - Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve, National Guard, and Coast Guard units. 334..., DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DANGER ZONE AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.940 Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San...

  8. 33 CFR 334.940 - Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San Pedro, Calif.; practice firing range for U.S. Army Reserve, National Guard, and Coast Guard units. 334..., DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DANGER ZONE AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.940 Pacific Ocean in vicinity of San...

  9. Ultras-stable Physical Vapor Deposited Amorphous Teflon Films with Extreme Fictive Temperature Reduction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    McKenna, Gregory; Yoon, Heedong; Koh, Yung; Simon, Sindee

    In the present work, we have produced highly stable amorphous fluoropolymer (Teflon AF® 1600) films to study the calorimetric and relaxation behavior in the deep in the glassy regime. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) was used to produce 110 to 700 nm PVD films with substrate temperature ranging from 0.70 Tg to 0.90 Tg. Fictive temperature (Tf) was measured using Flash DSC with 600 K/s heating and cooling rates. Consistent with prior observations for small molecular weight glasses, large enthalpy overshoots were observed in the stable amorphous Teflon films. The Tf reduction for the stable Teflon films deposited in the vicinity of 0.85 Tg was approximately 70 K compared to the Tgof the rejuvenated system. The relaxation behavior of stable Teflon films was measured using the TTU bubble inflation technique and following Struik's protocol in the temperature range from Tf to Tg. The results show that the relaxation time decreases with increasing aging time implying that devitrification is occurring in this regime.

  10. Effect of the glass transition temperature on alpha-amylase activity in a starch matrix.

    PubMed

    Chaudhary, Vinita; Panyoyai, Naksit; Small, Darryl M; Shanks, Robert A; Kasapis, Stefan

    2017-02-10

    This study optimises a protocol for the estimation of α-amylase activity in a condensed starch matrix in the vicinity of the glass transition region. Enzymatic activity on the vitrified starch system was compared with that of a reference substrate, maltodextrin. The activity was assayed as the rate of release of reducing sugar using a dinitrosalicylic acid procedure. The condensed carbohydrate matrices served the dual purpose of acting as a substrate as well as producing a pronounced effect on the ability to enzymatic hydrolysis. Activation energies were estimated throughout the glass transition region of condensed carbohydrate preparations based on the concept of the spectroscopic shift factor. Results were used to demonstrate a considerable moderation by the mechanical glass transition temperature, beyond the expected linear effect of the temperature dependence, on the reaction rate of starch hydrolysis by α-amylase in comparison with the low-molecular weight chain of maltodextrin. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  11. Step-doubling at Vicinal Ni(111) Surfaces Investigated with a Curved Crystal

    DOE PAGES

    Ilyn, Max; Magana, Ana; Walter, Andrew Leigh; ...

    2017-01-25

    Here, vicinal surfaces may undergo structural transformations as a function of temperature or in the presence of adsorbates. Step-doubling, in which monatomic steps pair up forming double-atom high staircases, is the simplest example. Here we investigate the case of Ni(111) using a curved crystal surface, which allows us to explore the occurrence of step-doubling as a function of temperature and vicinal plane (miscut α and step type). We find a striking A-type ({100}-like microfacets) versus B-type ({111}-like) asymmetry towards step-doubling. The terrace-width distribution analysis performed from Scanning Tunneling Microscopy data points to elastic step interactions overcoming entropic effects at verymore » small miscut α in A-type vicinals, as compared to B-type steps. For A-type vicinals, we elaborate the temperature/miscut phase diagram, on which we establish a critical miscut α c = 9.3° for step-doubling to take place.« less

  12. Step-doubling at Vicinal Ni(111) Surfaces Investigated with a Curved Crystal

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ilyn, Max; Magana, Ana; Walter, Andrew Leigh

    Here, vicinal surfaces may undergo structural transformations as a function of temperature or in the presence of adsorbates. Step-doubling, in which monatomic steps pair up forming double-atom high staircases, is the simplest example. Here we investigate the case of Ni(111) using a curved crystal surface, which allows us to explore the occurrence of step-doubling as a function of temperature and vicinal plane (miscut α and step type). We find a striking A-type ({100}-like microfacets) versus B-type ({111}-like) asymmetry towards step-doubling. The terrace-width distribution analysis performed from Scanning Tunneling Microscopy data points to elastic step interactions overcoming entropic effects at verymore » small miscut α in A-type vicinals, as compared to B-type steps. For A-type vicinals, we elaborate the temperature/miscut phase diagram, on which we establish a critical miscut α c = 9.3° for step-doubling to take place.« less

  13. 14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

  14. 14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

  15. 14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

  16. 14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

  17. 14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

  18. Detection of Lyman-alpha emission from the Saturnian disk and from the ring system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Weiser, H.; Vitz, R. C.; Moos, H. W.

    1977-01-01

    A rocket-borne spectrograph detected H I Lyman-alpha emission from the disk of Saturn and from the vicinity of the planet. The signal is consistent with an emission brightness of 700 rayleighs for the disk and 200 rayleighs for the vicinity of Saturn. The emission from the vicinity of the planet may be due to a hydrogen atmosphere associated with the Saturnian ring system.

  19. Surface energy and surface stress on vicinals by revisiting the Shuttleworth relation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hecquet, Pascal

    2018-04-01

    In 1998 [Surf. Sci. 412/413, 639 (1998)], we showed that the step stress on vicinals varies as 1/L, L being the distance between steps, while the inter-step interaction energy primarily follows the law as 1/L2 from the well-known Marchenko-Parshin model. In this paper, we give a better understanding of the interaction term of the step stress. The step stress is calculated with respect to the nominal surface stress. Consequently, we calculate the diagonal surface stresses in both the vicinal system (x, y, z) where z is normal to the vicinal and the projected system (x, b, c) where b is normal to the nominal terrace. Moreover, we calculate the surface stresses by using two methods: the first called the 'Zero' method, from the surface pressure forces and the second called the 'One' method, by homogeneously deforming the vicinal in the parallel direction, x or y, and by calculating the surface energy excess proportional to the deformation. By using the 'One' method on the vicinal Cu(0 1 M), we find that the step deformations, due to the applied deformation, vary as 1/L by the same factor for the tensor directions bb and cb, and by twice the same factor for the parallel direction yy. Due to the vanishing of the surface stress normal to the vicinal, the variation of the step stress in the direction yy is better described by using only the step deformation in the same direction. We revisit the Shuttleworth formula, for while the variation of the step stress in the direction xx is the same between the two methods, the variation in the direction yy is higher by 76% for the 'Zero' method with respect to the 'One' method. In addition to the step energy, we confirm that the variation of the step stress must be taken into account for the understanding of the equilibrium of vicinals when they are not deformed.

  20. 75 FR 43813 - Modification of VOR Federal Airways V-82, V-175, V-191, and V-430 in the Vicinity of Bemidji, MN

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-27

    ...-0241; Airspace Docket No. 10-AGL-4] RIN 2120-AA66 Modification of VOR Federal Airways V-82, V-175, V-191, and V-430 in the Vicinity of Bemidji, MN AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT...) Federal Airways V-82, V-175, V-191, and V- 430 in the vicinity of Bemidji, MN. The Bemidji (BJI) VOR, that...

  1. Stereotactic radiosurgery planning of vestibular schwannomas: Is MRI at 3 Tesla geometrically accurate?

    PubMed

    Schmidt, M A; Wells, E J; Davison, K; Riddell, A M; Welsh, L; Saran, F

    2017-02-01

    MRI is a mandatory requirement to accurately plan Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) for Vestibular Schwannomas. However, MRI may be distorted due not only to inhomogeneity of the static magnetic field and gradients but also due to susceptibility-induced effects, which are more prominent at higher magnetic fields. We assess geometrical distortions around air spaces and consider MRI protocol requirements for SRS planning at 3 T. Hardware-related distortion and the effect of incorrect shimming were investigated with structured test objects. The magnetic field was mapped over the head on five volunteers to assess susceptibility-related distortion in the naso-oro-pharyngeal cavities (NOPC) and around the internal ear canal (IAC). Hardware-related geometric displacements were found to be less than 0.45 mm within the head volume, after distortion correction. Shimming errors can lead to displacements of up to 4 mm, but errors of this magnitude are unlikely to arise in practice. Susceptibility-related field inhomogeneity was under 3.4 ppm, 2.8 ppm, and 2.7 ppm for the head, NOPC region and IAC region, respectively. For the SRS planning protocol (890 Hz/pixel, approximately 1 mm 3 isotropic), susceptibility-related displacements were less than 0.5 mm (head), and 0.4 mm (IAC and NOPC). Large displacements are possible in MRI examinations undertaken with lower receiver bandwidth values, commonly used in clinical MRI. Higher receiver bandwidth makes the protocol less vulnerable to sub-optimal shimming. The shimming volume and the CT-MR co-registration must be considered jointly. Geometric displacements can be kept under 1 mm in the vicinity of air spaces within the head at 3 T with appropriate setting of the receiver bandwidth, correct shimming and employing distortion correction. © 2017 The Authors. Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

  2. 75 FR 47709 - Amendment of VOR Federal Airways V-8, V-14, V-38, V-47, V-279, and V-422 in the Vicinity of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-09

    ...-0709; Airspace Docket No. 09-AGL-28] RIN 2120-AA66 Amendment of VOR Federal Airways V-8, V-14, V-38, V-47, V-279, and V-422 in the Vicinity of Findlay, OH AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA... Range (VOR) Federal Airways V-8, V-14, V-38, V-47, V- 279, and V-422 in the vicinity of Findlay, OH. The...

  3. Cost-Performance Parametrics for Transporting Small Packages to the Mars Vicinity

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    McCleskey, C.; Lepsch, Roger A.; Martin, J.; Popescu, M.

    2015-01-01

    This paper explores the costs and performance required to deliver a small-sized payload package (CubeSat-sized, for instance) to various transportation nodes en route to Mars and near-Mars destinations (such as Mars moons, Phobos and Deimos). Needed is a contemporary assessment and summary compilation of transportation metrics that factor both performance and affordability of modern and emerging delivery capabilities. The paper brings together: (a) required mass transport gear ratios in delivering payload from Earths surface to the Mars vicinity, (b) the cyclical energy required for delivery, and (c) the affordability and availability of various means of transporting material across various Earth-Moon vicinity and Near-Mars vicinity nodes relevant to Mars transportation. Examples for unit deliveries are computed and tabulated, using a CubeSat as a unit, for periodic near-Mars delivery campaign scenarios.

  4. 75 FR 53264 - United States Marine Corps, Marine Corps Base Quantico, Quantico VA; Restricted Area

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-31

    ... environmental remediation area located in the vicinity of MCAF. The restricted area will extend approximately... from disturbing a planned environmental remediation area located in the vicinity of MCAF. The...

  5. Efficient Enrichment and Analysis of Vicinal-Diol-Containing Flavonoid Molecules Using Boronic-Acid-Functionalized Particles and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

    PubMed

    Kim, Eunjin; Kang, Hyunook; Choi, Insung; Song, Jihyeon; Mok, Hyejung; Jung, Woong; Yeo, Woon-Seok

    2018-05-09

    Detection and quantitation of flavonoids are relatively difficult compared to those of other small-molecule analytes because flavonoids undergo rapid metabolic processes, resulting in their elimination from the body. Here, we report an efficient enrichment method for facilitating the analysis of vicinal-diol-containing flavonoid molecules using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In our strategy, boronic-acid-functionalized polyacrylamide particles were used, where boronic acids bound to vicinal diols to form boronate monoesters at basic pH. This complex remained intact during the enrichment processes, and the vicinal-diol-containing flavonoids were easily separated by centrifugation and subsequent acidic treatments. The selectivity and limit of detection of our strategy were confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis, and the validity was assessed by performing the detection and quantitation of quercetin in mouse organs.

  6. Differential effects of deep brain stimulation on verbal fluency.

    PubMed

    Ehlen, Felicitas; Schoenecker, Thomas; Kühn, Andrea A; Klostermann, Fabian

    2014-07-01

    We aimed at gaining insights into principles of subcortical lexical processing. Therefore, effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in different target structures on verbal fluency (VF) were tested. VF was assessed with active vs. inactivated DBS in 13 and 14 patients with DBS in the vicinity of the thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) and, respectively, of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Results were correlated to electrode localizations in postoperative MRI, and compared to those of 12 age-matched healthy controls. Patients' VF performance was generally below normal. However, while activation of DBS in the vicinity of VIM provoked marked VF decline, it induced subtle phonemic VF enhancement in the vicinity of STN. The effects correlated with electrode localizations in left hemispheric stimulation sites. The results show distinct dependencies of VF on DBS in the vicinity of VIM vs. STN. Particular risks for deterioration occur in patients with relatively ventromedial thalamic electrodes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  7. Speed limit recommendation in vicinity of signalized, high-speed intersection.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2012-04-01

    We evaluated the traffic operations and safety effects of 5 mph and 10 mph speed limit reductions in the vicinity of highspeed, : signalized intersections with advance warning flashers (AWF). Traffic operational effects of the reduced speed : limits ...

  8. 6. VIEW WEST, PERSPECTIVE UP INCLINED PLANE FROM MIDSLOPE VICINITY, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. VIEW WEST, PERSPECTIVE UP INCLINED PLANE FROM MID-SLOPE VICINITY, CUT CONFIGURATION - Laurel Hill Quarry, Incline Plane, Both sides of State Route 56, 2.4 miles East of State Route 711, Seward, Westmoreland County, PA

  9. Exploration of RNA structure spaces

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fox, G. E.

    1991-01-01

    In order to understand the structure of real structure spaces, we are studying the 5S rRNA structure space experimentally. A plasmid containing a synthetic 5S rRNA gene, two rRNA promoters, and transcription terminators has been assembled. Assays are conducted to determine if the foreign 5S rRNA is expressed, and to see whether or not it is incorporated into ribosomes. Evolutionary competition is used to determine the relative fitness of strains containing the foreign 5S rRNA and a control 5S rRNA. By using site directed mutagenesis, a number of mutants can be made in order to study the boundaries of the structure space and how sharply defined they are. By making similar studies in the vicinity of structure space, it will be possible to determine how homogeneous the 5S rRNA structure space is. Useable experimental protocols have been developed, and a number of mutants have already been studied. Initial results suggest an explanation of why single stranded regions of the RNA are less subject to mutation than double stranded regions.

  10. Spin-lattice relaxation of optically polarized nuclei in p -type GaAs

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kotur, M.; Dzhioev, R. I.; Vladimirova, M.; Cherbunin, R. V.; Sokolov, P. S.; Yakovlev, D. R.; Bayer, M.; Suter, D.; Kavokin, K. V.

    2018-04-01

    Spin-lattice relaxation of the nuclear spin system in p -type GaAs is studied using a three-stage experimental protocol including optical pumping and measuring the difference of the nuclear spin polarization before and after a dark interval of variable length. This method allows us to measure the spin-lattice relaxation time T1 of optically pumped nuclei "in the dark," that is, in the absence of illumination. The measured T1 values fall into the subsecond time range, being three orders of magnitude shorter than in earlier studied n -type GaAs. The drastic difference is further emphasized by magnetic-field and temperature dependencies of T1 in p -GaAs, showing no similarity to those in n -GaAs. This unexpected behavior finds its explanation in the spatial selectivity of the optical pumping in p -GaAs, that is only efficient in the vicinity of shallow donors, together with the quadrupole relaxation of nuclear spins, which is induced by electric fields within closely spaced donor-acceptor pairs. The developed theoretical model explains the whole set of experimental results.

  11. 6. Anthony Bley, Photographer Summer, 1975 L TO R: GRANARY, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. Anthony Bley, Photographer Summer, 1975 L TO R: GRANARY, TWO CHICKEN HOUSES, PIG BARN - Dundore Farm, State Route 183 & Church Road vicinity, Penn Township (moved to Brownsville vicinity, Lower Heidelberg Township, Berks County), Mount Pleasant, Berks County, PA

  12. M-X Environmental Technical Report. Alternative Potential Operating Base Locations: Ely.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-12-22

    and Vicinity Community Environment 1 1.1 Human Environment 1.1.1 Economic Activity 1.1.2 Public Finance 3 1.1.3 Population A8 1.1.4 Land Use 16 1.1.5...Base Vicinity 63 2.1 Human Environment 63 2.1.1 Effects on Employment (Jobs) and Labor Force 63 2.1.2 Effects on Income and Earnings 66 2.1.3 Effects...vicinity. 1.1 HUMAN ENVIRONMENT Economic Activity (1.1.1) Once a part of Lander County, White Pine County was organized separately on April 1, 1869. This was

  13. Deposition and properties of Fe(Se,Te) thin films on vicinal CaF2 substrates

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bryja, Hagen; Hühne, Ruben; Iida, Kazumasa; Molatta, Sebastian; Sala, Alberto; Putti, Marina; Schultz, Ludwig; Nielsch, Kornelius; Hänisch, Jens

    2017-11-01

    We report on the growth of epitaxial Fe1+δ Se0.5Te0.5 thin films on 0°, 5°, 10°, 15° and 20° vicinal cut CaF2 single crystals by pulsed laser deposition. In situ electron and ex situ x-ray diffraction studies reveal a tilted growth of the Fe1+δ Se0.5Te0.5 films, whereby under optimized deposition conditions the c-axis alignment coincides with the substrate [001] tilted axis up to a vicinal angle of 10°. Atomic force microscopy shows a flat island growth for all films. From resistivity measurements in longitudinal and transversal directions, the ab- and c-axis components of resistivity are derived and the mass anisotropy parameter is determined. Analysis of the critical current density indicates that no effective c-axis correlated defects are generated by vicinal growth, and pinning by normal point core defects dominates. However, for H∣∣ab the effective pinning centers change from surface defects to point core defects near the superconducting transition due to the vicinal cut. Furthermore, we show in angular-dependent critical current density data a shift of the ab-planes maxima position with the magnetic field strength.

  14. A Numerical Investigation of the Electric and Thermal Cell Kill Distributions in Electroporation-Based Therapies in Tissue

    PubMed Central

    Garcia, Paulo A.; Davalos, Rafael V.; Miklavcic, Damijan

    2014-01-01

    Electroporation-based therapies are powerful biotechnological tools for enhancing the delivery of exogeneous agents or killing tissue with pulsed electric fields (PEFs). Electrochemotherapy (ECT) and gene therapy based on gene electrotransfer (EGT) both use reversible electroporation to deliver chemotherapeutics or plasmid DNA into cells, respectively. In both ECT and EGT, the goal is to permeabilize the cell membrane while maintaining high cell viability in order to facilitate drug or gene transport into the cell cytoplasm and induce a therapeutic response. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) results in cell kill due to exposure to PEFs without drugs and is under clinical evaluation for treating otherwise unresectable tumors. These PEF therapies rely mainly on the electric field distributions and do not require changes in tissue temperature for their effectiveness. However, in immediate vicinity of the electrodes the treatment may results in cell kill due to thermal damage because of the inhomogeneous electric field distribution and high current density during the electroporation-based therapies. Therefore, the main objective of this numerical study is to evaluate the influence of pulse number and electrical conductivity in the predicted cell kill zone due to irreversible electroporation and thermal damage. Specifically, we simulated a typical IRE protocol that employs ninety 100-µs PEFs. Our results confirm that it is possible to achieve predominant cell kill due to electroporation if the PEF parameters are chosen carefully. However, if either the pulse number and/or the tissue conductivity are too high, there is also potential to achieve cell kill due to thermal damage in the immediate vicinity of the electrodes. Therefore, it is critical for physicians to be mindful of placement of electrodes with respect to critical tissue structures and treatment parameters in order to maintain the non-thermal benefits of electroporation and prevent unnecessary damage to surrounding healthy tissue, critical vascular structures, and/or adjacent organs. PMID:25115970

  15. Lunar Relay Satellite Network for Space Exploration: Architecture, Technologies and Challenges

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bhasin, Kul B.; Hackenberg, Anthony W.; Slywczak, Richard A.; Bose, Prasanta; Bergamo, Marcos; Hayden, Jeffrey L.

    2006-01-01

    NASA is planning a series of short and long duration human and robotic missions to explore the Moon and then Mars. A key objective of these missions is to grow, through a series of launches, a system of systems infrastructure with the capability for safe and sustainable autonomous operations at minimum cost while maximizing the exploration capabilities and science return. An incremental implementation process will enable a buildup of the communication, navigation, networking, computing, and informatics architectures to support human exploration missions in the vicinities and on the surfaces of the Moon and Mars. These architectures will support all space and surface nodes, including other orbiters, lander vehicles, humans in spacesuits, robots, rovers, human habitats, and pressurized vehicles. This paper describes the integration of an innovative MAC and networking technology with an equally innovative position-dependent, data routing, network technology. The MAC technology provides the relay spacecraft with the capability to autonomously discover neighbor spacecraft and surface nodes, establish variable-rate links and communicate simultaneously with multiple in-space and surface clients at varying and rapidly changing distances while making optimum use of the available power. The networking technology uses attitude sensors, a time synchronization protocol and occasional orbit-corrections to maintain awareness of its instantaneous position and attitude in space as well as the orbital or surface location of its communication clients. A position-dependent data routing capability is used in the communication relay satellites to handle the movement of data among any of multiple clients (including Earth) that may be simultaneously in view; and if not in view, the relay will temporarily store the data from a client source and download it when the destination client comes into view. The integration of the MAC and data routing networking technologies would enable a relay satellite system to provide end-to-end communication services for robotic and human missions in the vicinity, or on the surface of the Moon with a minimum of Earth-based operational support.

  16. SU-F-T-06: Development of a Formalism for Practical Dose Measurements in Brachytherapy in the German Standard DIN 6803

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hensley, F; Chofor, N; Schoenfeld, A

    2016-06-15

    Purpose: In the steep dose gradients in the vicinity of a radiation source and due to the properties of the changing photon spectra, dose measurements in Brachytherapy usually have large uncertainties. Working group DIN 6803-3 is presently discussing recommendations for practical brachytherapy dosimetry incorporating recent theoretical developments in the description of brachytherapy radiation fields as well as new detectors and phantom materials. The goal is to prepare methods and instruments to verify dose calculation algorithms and for clinical dose verification with reduced uncertainties. Methods: After analysis of the distance dependent spectral changes of the radiation field surrounding brachytherapy sources, themore » energy dependent response of typical brachytherapy detectors was examined with Monte Carlo simulations. A dosimetric formalism was developed allowing the correction of their energy dependence as function of source distance for a Co-60 calibrated detector. Water equivalent phantom materials were examined with Monte Carlo calculations for their influence on brachytherapy photon spectra and for their water equivalence in terms of generating equivalent distributions of photon spectra and absorbed dose to water. Results: The energy dependence of a detector in the vicinity of a brachytherapy source can be described by defining an energy correction factor kQ for brachytherapy in the same manner as in existing dosimetry protocols which incorporates volume averaging and radiation field distortion by the detector. Solid phantom materials were identified which allow precise positioning of a detector together with small correctable deviations from absorbed dose to water. Recommendations for the selection of detectors and phantom materials are being developed for different measurements in brachytherapy. Conclusion: The introduction of kQ for brachytherapy sources may allow more systematic and comparable dose measurements. In principle, the corrections can be verified or even determined by measurement in a water phantom and comparison with dose distributions calculated using the TG43 dosimetry formalism. Project is supported by DIN Deutsches Institut fuer Normung.« less

  17. Exploration for uranium deposits in the Spring Creek Mesa area, Montrose County, Colorado

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Roach, Carl Houston

    1954-01-01

    4. The “ore-bearing sandstone” in the vicinity of relatively unoxidized ore deposits commonly contains sparse to abundant disseminated pyrite. In the vicinity of oxidized deposits it commonly contains abundant limonite spots and widespread limonite staining.

  18. 32. VIEW OF TWIN FALLS MAIN CANAL FROM VICINITY OF ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    32. VIEW OF TWIN FALLS MAIN CANAL FROM VICINITY OF PROPOSED POWER CANAL, LOOKING UPSTREAM. - Milner Dam & Main Canal: Twin Falls Canal Company, On Snake River, 11 miles West of city of Burley, Idaho, Twin Falls, Twin Falls County, ID

  19. 7. Anthony Bley, Photographer September, 1976 L TO R: TWO ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    7. Anthony Bley, Photographer September, 1976 L TO R: TWO CHICKEN HOUSES, PIG BARN, MILKSHED, BARN - Dundore Farm, State Route 183 & Church Road vicinity, Penn Township (moved to Brownsville vicinity, Lower Heidelberg Township, Berks County), Mount Pleasant, Berks County, PA

  20. TOPICAL REVIEW: Vicinal surfaces for functional nanostructures

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tegenkamp, Christoph

    2009-01-01

    Vicinal surfaces are currently the focus of research. The regular arrangements of atomic steps on a mesoscopic scale reveal the possibility to functionalize these surfaces for technical applications, e.g. nanowires, catalysts, etc. The steps of the vicinal surface are well-defined defect structures of atomic size for nucleation of low-dimensional nanostructures. The concentration and therefore the coupling between the nanostructures can be tuned over a wide range by simply changing the inclination angle of the substrate. However, the coupling of these nano-objects to the substrate is just as important in controlling their electronic or chemical properties and making a functionality useable. On the basis of stepped insulating films, these aspects are fulfilled and will be considered in the first part of this review. Recent results for the epitaxial growth of wide bandgap insulating films (CaF2, MgO, NaCl, BaSrO) on metallic and semiconducting vicinal substrates (Si(100), Ge(100), Ag(100)) will be presented. The change of the electronic structure, the adsorption behavior as well as the kinetics and energetics of color centers in the presence of steps is discussed. The successful bridging of the gap between the atomic and mesoscopic world, i.e. the functionalization of vicinal surfaces by nanostructures, is demonstrated in the second part by metal adsorption on semiconducting surfaces. For (sub)monolayer coverage these systems have in common that the surface states do not hybridize with the support, i.e. the semiconducting surfaces are insulating. Here I will focus on the latest results of macroscopic transport measurements on Pb quantum wires grown on vicinal Si(111) showing indeed a one-dimensional transport behavior.

  1. Vicinal surfaces for functional nanostructures.

    PubMed

    Tegenkamp, Christoph

    2009-01-07

    Vicinal surfaces are currently the focus of research. The regular arrangements of atomic steps on a mesoscopic scale reveal the possibility to functionalize these surfaces for technical applications, e.g. nanowires, catalysts, etc. The steps of the vicinal surface are well-defined defect structures of atomic size for nucleation of low-dimensional nanostructures. The concentration and therefore the coupling between the nanostructures can be tuned over a wide range by simply changing the inclination angle of the substrate. However, the coupling of these nano-objects to the substrate is just as important in controlling their electronic or chemical properties and making a functionality useable. On the basis of stepped insulating films, these aspects are fulfilled and will be considered in the first part of this review. Recent results for the epitaxial growth of wide bandgap insulating films (CaF(2), MgO, NaCl, BaSrO) on metallic and semiconducting vicinal substrates (Si(100), Ge(100), Ag(100)) will be presented. The change of the electronic structure, the adsorption behavior as well as the kinetics and energetics of color centers in the presence of steps is discussed. The successful bridging of the gap between the atomic and mesoscopic world, i.e. the functionalization of vicinal surfaces by nanostructures, is demonstrated in the second part by metal adsorption on semiconducting surfaces. For (sub)monolayer coverage these systems have in common that the surface states do not hybridize with the support, i.e. the semiconducting surfaces are insulating. Here I will focus on the latest results of macroscopic transport measurements on Pb quantum wires grown on vicinal Si(111) showing indeed a one-dimensional transport behavior.

  2. 32 CFR 176.5 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... BASE CLOSURE COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNITY ASSISTANCE-COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AND HOMELESS ASSISTANCE § 176... Liability Act (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). Communities in the vicinity of the installation. The communities... serving in that capacity, the communities in the vicinity of the installation are deemed to be those...

  3. 32 CFR 176.5 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... BASE CLOSURE COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNITY ASSISTANCE-COMMUNITY REDEVELOPMENT AND HOMELESS ASSISTANCE § 176... Liability Act (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.). Communities in the vicinity of the installation. The communities... serving in that capacity, the communities in the vicinity of the installation are deemed to be those...

  4. [Social and economic consequences of night-time aircraft noise in the vicinity of Frankfurt/Main airport].

    PubMed

    Greiser, E; Glaeske, G

    2013-03-01

    A prospective calculation of disease-related social and economic costs due to night-time aircraft noise in the vicinity of Frankfurt/Main airport was performed for the calendar years 2012-2021. It was based on risk estimates for a variety of diagnostic entities (cardiovascular disease, depression, psychosis, diabetes mellitus, dementia and Alzheimer's disease, all cancers except malignancies of the respiratory system) from a previous case-control study on more than 1 million persons enrolled in compulsory sickness funds in the vicinity of the Cologne-Bonn airport, on disease-related cost estimates performed by the German Federal Statistical Office for the calender years 2002-2008, and calculations of the population exposed to night-time aircraft noise in the vicinity of Frankfurt/Main airport (2005 aircraft routes and flight frequencies). Total estimated costs came to more than 1.5 billion € with an excess of 23 400 cases of diseases treated in hospitals and of 3 400 subsequent deaths. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  5. Seismicity of Afghanistan and vicinity

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Dewey, James W.

    2006-01-01

    This publication describes the seismicity of Afghanistan and vicinity and is intended for use in seismic hazard studies of that nation. Included are digital files with information on earthquakes that have been recorded in Afghanistan and vicinity through mid-December 2004. Chapter A provides an overview of the seismicity and tectonics of Afghanistan and defines the earthquake parameters included in the 'Summary Catalog' and the 'Summary of Macroseismic Effects.' Chapter B summarizes compilation of the 'Master Catalog' and 'Sub-Threshold Catalog' and documents their formats. The 'Summary Catalog' itself is presented as a comma-delimited ASCII file, the 'Summary of Macroseismic Effects' is presented as an html file, and the 'Master Catalog' and 'Sub-Threshold Catalog' are presented as flat ASCII files. Finally, this report includes as separate plates a digital image of a map of epicenters of earthquakes occurring since 1964 (Plate 1) and a representation of areas of damage or strong shaking from selected past earthquakes in Afghanistan and vicinity (Plate 2).

  6. Major and EDXRF Trace Element Chemical Analyses of Volcanic Rocks from Lassen Volcanic National Park and Vicinity, California

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Clynne, Michael A.; Muffler, L.J.P.; Siems, D.F.; Taggart, J.E.; Bruggman, Peggy

    2008-01-01

    This open-file report presents WDXRF major-element chemical data for late Pliocene to Holocene volcanic rocks collected from Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity, California. Data for Rb, Sr, Ba, Y, Zr, Nb, Ni, Cr, Zn and Cu obtained by EDXRF are included for many samples. Data are presented in an EXCEL spreadsheet and are keyed to rock units as displayed on the Geologic Map of Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity (Clynne and Muffler, in press). Location of the samples is given in latitude and longitude in degrees and decimal minutes and in decimal degrees.

  7. Quantum-corrected Geometry of Horizon Vicinity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Park, I. Y.

    2017-12-01

    We study the deformation of the horizon-vicinity geometry caused by quantum gravitational effects. Departure from the semi-classical picture is noted, and the fact that the matter part of the action comes at a higher order in Newton's constant than does the Einstein-Hilbert term is crucial for the departure. The analysis leads to a Firewall-type energy measured by an infalling observer for which quantum generation of the cosmological constant is critical. The analysis seems to suggest that the Firewall should be a part of such deformation and that the information be stored both in the horizon-vicinity and asymptotic boundary region. We also examine the behavior near the cosmological horizon.

  8. Draft Environmental Impact Statement. MX Deployment Area Selection and Land Withdrawal/Acquisition DEIS. Volume IV. Part II. Environmental Consequences to the Study Regions and Operating Base Vicinities.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-12-01

    desert tortoise distribution at Coyote Spring OB and vicinity. 4-179 4.3.1.9-3 Utah Prairie Dog distribution and Proposed Action conceptual project...layout. 4-185 4.3.1.9-4 Distribution of Utah prairie dog in the vicinity of the Milford OB. 4-187 4.3.1.9-5 Distribution of Utah prairie dog in the...Coyote Spring. 4-180 4.3.1.9-2 Potential impact to the Utah prairie dog around operating bases (OBs) for the Proposed Action and Alternatives 1-8. 4-188

  9. Characterization Of Contaminant Migration Potential In The Vicinity Of An In-Place Sand Cap

    EPA Science Inventory

    This study characterized the chemical transport potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the vicinity of a sand cap placed in the nearshore zone of a tidal marine embayment. Groundwater seepage was investigated along the per...

  10. 33 CFR 162.270 - Restricted areas in vicinity of Maritime Administration Reserve Fleets.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Maritime Administration Reserve Fleets. 162.270 Section 162.270 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... REGULATIONS § 162.270 Restricted areas in vicinity of Maritime Administration Reserve Fleets. (a) The... National Defense Reserve Fleets of the Maritime Administration, Department of Transportation: (1) James...

  11. 77 FR 42625 - Modification of VOR Federal Airways V-10, V-12, and V-508 in the Vicinity of Olathe, KS

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-20

    ...-0055; Airspace Docket No. 11-ACE-12] RIN 2120-AA66 Modification of VOR Federal Airways V-10, V-12, and V-508 in the Vicinity of Olathe, KS AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. [[Page 42626

  12. 5. Anthony Bley, Photographer Summer, 1975 L TO R: CORN ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    5. Anthony Bley, Photographer Summer, 1975 L TO R: CORN CRIB-WAGON SHED, BARN, FRAME OF WHEAT BARN, CORN CRIB, PIG BARN - Dundore Farm, State Route 183 & Church Road vicinity, Penn Township (moved to Brownsville vicinity, Lower Heidelberg Township, Berks County), Mount Pleasant, Berks County, PA

  13. Rational design of small-molecule stabilizers of spermine synthase dimer by virtual screening and free energy-based approach.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Zhe; Martiny, Virginie; Lagorce, David; Ikeguchi, Yoshihiko; Alexov, Emil; Miteva, Maria A

    2014-01-01

    Snyder-Robinson Syndrome (SRS) is a rare mental retardation disorder which is caused by the malfunctioning of an enzyme, the spermine synthase (SMS), which functions as a homo-dimer. The malfunctioning of SMS in SRS patients is associated with several identified missense mutations that occur away from the active site. This investigation deals with a particular SRS-causing mutation, the G56S mutation, which was shown computationally and experimentally to destabilize the SMS homo-dimer and thus to abolish SMS enzymatic activity. As a proof-of-concept, we explore the possibility to restore the enzymatic activity of the malfunctioning SMS mutant G56S by stabilizing the dimer through small molecule binding at the mutant homo-dimer interface. For this purpose, we designed an in silico protocol that couples virtual screening and a free binding energy-based approach to identify potential small-molecule binders on the destabilized G56S dimer, with the goal to stabilize it and thus to increase SMS G56S mutant activity. The protocol resulted in extensive list of plausible stabilizers, among which we selected and tested 51 compounds experimentally for their capability to increase SMS G56S mutant enzymatic activity. In silico analysis of the experimentally identified stabilizers suggested five distinctive chemical scaffolds. This investigation suggests that druggable pockets exist in the vicinity of the mutation sites at protein-protein interfaces which can be used to alter the disease-causing effects by small molecule binding. The identified chemical scaffolds are drug-like and can serve as original starting points for development of lead molecules to further rescue the disease-causing effects of the Snyder-Robinson syndrome for which no efficient treatment exists up to now.

  14. Advanced Communication and Networking Technologies for Mars Exploration

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bhasin, Kul; Hayden, Jeff; Agre, Jonathan R.; Clare, Loren P.; Yan, Tsun-Yee

    2001-01-01

    Next-generation Mars communications networks will provide communications and navigation services to a wide variety of Mars science vehicles including: spacecraft that are arriving at Mars, spacecraft that are entering and descending in the Mars atmosphere, scientific orbiter spacecraft, spacecraft that return Mars samples to Earth, landers, rovers, aerobots, airplanes, and sensing pods. In the current architecture plans, the communication services will be provided using capabilities deployed on the science vehicles as well as dedicated communication satellites that will together make up the Mars network. This network will evolve as additional vehicles arrive, depart or end their useful missions. Cost savings and increased reliability will result from the ability to share communication services between missions. This paper discusses the basic architecture that is needed to support the Mars Communications Network part of NASA's Space Science Enterprise (SSE) communications architecture. The network may use various networking technologies such as those employed in the terrestrial Internet, as well as special purpose deep-space protocols to move data and commands autonomously between vehicles, at disparate Mars vicinity sites (on the surface or in near-Mars space) and between Mars vehicles and earthbound users. The architecture of the spacecraft on-board local communications is being reconsidered in light of these new networking requirements. The trend towards increasingly autonomous operation of the spacecraft is aimed at reducing the dependence on resource scheduling provided by Earth-based operators and increasing system fault tolerance. However, these benefits will result in increased communication and software development requirements. As a result, the envisioned Mars communications infrastructure requires both hardware and protocol technology advancements. This paper will describe a number of the critical technology needs and some of the ongoing research activities.

  15. Comparison of the Data Products from Different Instrument Types with Application to Induced Seismic Monitoring Framework

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yenier, E.; Baturan, D.; Karimi, S.; Moores, A. O.; Spriggs, N.

    2016-12-01

    Earthquakes may be induced by man-made activity in the vicinity of critically-stressed fault segments. A number of earthquakes characterized as induced with magnitudes M>3 were recorded in British Columbia, Alberta, Oklahoma and Ohio, since 2013. In response to growing induced seismicity in North America, many jurisdictions have mandated near real-time seismic monitoring around operation sites. The data products from monitoring networks are used as drivers of operational traffic light systems designed to mitigate risks associated with induced seismicity. Most traffic light protocols developed to date use staged thresholds of earthquake magnitudes. Additionally, ground motions, which are used to estimate the impact of earthquakes and specify seismic hazard, have been proposed as an enhancement to the existing protocols. There are several challenges and options to consider at the time of planning and designing a monitoring network, the most important of which is the choice of ground motion sensing technology. In order to accurately estimate event source parameters and ground motions, monitoring instruments have to record and image the low-frequency plateau and the corner frequency of the anticipated event spectrum. A flat response over a wide frequency range with a wide dynamic range is desired for a maximum benefit from ground motion products. This study evaluates the performance of three types of instruments in terms of their suitability for induced seismic monitoring (ISM): broadband seismometers, accelerometers and geophones. Each instrument type is assessed in terms of self-noise, frequency response and clip level using instrument specifications and real-world ISM application data. The impact of each sensing technology on key ISM network performance criteria, event magnitude estimations and ground motion measurements are examined.

  16. Dark state polarizing a nuclear spin in the vicinity of a nitrogen-vacancy center

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Yang-Yang; Qiu, Jing; Chu, Ying-Qi; Zhang, Mei; Cai, Jianming; Ai, Qing; Deng, Fu-Guo

    2018-04-01

    The nuclear spin in the vicinity of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center possesses long coherence time and convenient manipulation assisted by the strong hyperfine interaction with the NV center. It is suggested for the subsequent quantum information storage and processing after appropriate initialization. However, current experimental schemes are either sensitive to the inclination and magnitude of the magnetic field or require thousands of repetitions to achieve successful realization. Here, we propose a method to polarize a 13C nuclear spin in the vicinity of an NV center via a dark state. We demonstrate theoretically and numerically that it is robust to polarize various nuclear spins with different hyperfine couplings and noise strengths.

  17. 15 CFR Appendix Vii to Subpart P... - Areas To Be Avoided Boundary Coordinates

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ....10′ W In the Vicinity of Key West Harbor [Reference Chart: United States 11434, 21st Edition—August... COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Florida Keys... Avoided Boundary Coordinates In The Vicinity of the Florida Keys [Reference Charts: United States 11466...

  18. 33 CFR 110.30 - Boston Harbor, Mass.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Yacht Club, South Boston. Northerly of a line bearing 96° from the stack of the heating plant of the... Yacht Club property. (b) Dorchester Bay, in vicinity of Savin Hill Yacht Club. Northerly of a line... vicinity of Dorchester Yacht Club. Eastward of a line bearing 21° from the stack located a short distance...

  19. 33 CFR 110.30 - Boston Harbor, Mass.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Yacht Club, South Boston. Northerly of a line bearing 96° from the stack of the heating plant of the... Yacht Club property. (b) Dorchester Bay, in vicinity of Savin Hill Yacht Club. Northerly of a line... vicinity of Dorchester Yacht Club. Eastward of a line bearing 21° from the stack located a short distance...

  20. Structural transition of secondary phase oxide nanorods in epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-δ films on vicinal substrates

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shi, Jack J.; Wu, Judy Z.

    2012-12-01

    A theoretical study of a structural transition of secondary phase oxide nanorods in epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-δ films on vicinal SrTiO3 substrates is presented. Two possible types of film/substrate interface are considered, with one assuming complete coherence, while the other is defective as manifested by the presence of antiphase grain boundaries. Only in the former case does the increase of the vicinal angle of the substrate lead to a substantial change of the strain field in the film, resulting in a transition of the nanorod orientation from the normal to the in-plane direction of the film. The calculated threshold vicinal angle for the onset of the transition and lattice deformation of the YBa2Cu3O7-δ film due to the inclusion of the nanorods is in very good agreement with experimental observations. This result sheds lights on the understanding of the role of the film/substrate lattice mismatch in controlling self-assembly of dopant nanostructures in matrix films.

  1. Measuring dose from radiotherapy treatments in the vicinity of a cardiac pacemaker.

    PubMed

    Peet, Samuel C; Wilks, Rachael; Kairn, Tanya; Crowe, Scott B

    2016-12-01

    This study investigated the dose absorbed by tissues surrounding artificial cardiac pacemakers during external beam radiotherapy procedures. The usefulness of out-of-field reference data, treatment planning systems, and skin dose measurements to estimate the dose in the vicinity of a pacemaker was also examined. Measurements were performed by installing a pacemaker onto an anthropomorphic phantom, and using radiochromic film and optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters to measure the dose in the vicinity of the device during the delivery of square fields and clinical treatment plans. It was found that the dose delivered in the vicinity of the cardiac device was unevenly distributed both laterally and anteroposteriorly. As the device was moved distally from the square field, the dose dropped exponentially, in line with out-of-field reference data in the literature. Treatment planning systems were found to substantially underestimate the dose for volumetric modulated arc therapy, helical tomotherapy, and 3D conformal treatments. The skin dose was observed to be either greater or lesser than the dose received at the depth of the device, depending on the treatment site, and so care should be if skin dose measurements are to be used to estimate the dose to a pacemaker. Square field reference data may be used as an upper estimate of absorbed dose per monitor unit in the vicinity of a cardiac device for complex treatments involving multiple gantry angles. Copyright © 2016 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. 14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Construction or Alteration in the Vicinity of the Private Residence of the President of the...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... of the Private Residence of the President of the United States Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 98 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... Federal Aviation Regulation No. 98—Construction or Alteration in the Vicinity of the Private Residence of...

  3. 14 CFR 91.137 - Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas. 91.137 Section 91.137 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... and other aircraft above an incident or event which may generate a high degree of public interest. The...

  4. 14 CFR 91.137 - Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas. 91.137 Section 91.137 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... and other aircraft above an incident or event which may generate a high degree of public interest. The...

  5. 14 CFR 91.137 - Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas. 91.137 Section 91.137 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... and other aircraft above an incident or event which may generate a high degree of public interest. The...

  6. 14 CFR 91.137 - Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas. 91.137 Section 91.137 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... and other aircraft above an incident or event which may generate a high degree of public interest. The...

  7. 14 CFR 91.137 - Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas. 91.137 Section 91.137 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... and other aircraft above an incident or event which may generate a high degree of public interest. The...

  8. 78 FR 18271 - Proposed Modification of VOR Federal Airway V-345 in the Vicinity of Ashland, WI

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-26

    ... the Vicinity of Ashland, WI AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to modify the legal description of VHF... decommissioned in 2013. The FAA is proposing this action to remove that portion of V-345 affected by the loss of...

  9. Particulate Matter in the Vicinity of an Egg Production Facility: Concentrations, Statistical Distributions, and Upwind and Downwind Comparison

    EPA Science Inventory

    Animal feeding operations (AFOs) satisfy the demand for meat, dairy, and eggs; however, they may negatively impact air quality. In this study, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were simultaneously monitored at four ambient locations in the vicinity of a commercial egg producti...

  10. 33 CFR 110.190 - Tortugas Harbor, in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. 110.190 Section 110.190 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD..., in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. (a) The anchorage grounds. All of Bird Key Harbor, southwest of Garden Key, bounded by the surrounding reefs and shoals and, on the northeast, by a line...

  11. 33 CFR 110.190 - Tortugas Harbor, in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. 110.190 Section 110.190 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD..., in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. (a) The anchorage grounds. All of Bird Key Harbor, southwest of Garden Key, bounded by the surrounding reefs and shoals and, on the northeast, by a line...

  12. 33 CFR 110.190 - Tortugas Harbor, in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. 110.190 Section 110.190 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD..., in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. (a) The anchorage grounds. All of Bird Key Harbor, southwest of Garden Key, bounded by the surrounding reefs and shoals and, on the northeast, by a line...

  13. 33 CFR 110.190 - Tortugas Harbor, in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. 110.190 Section 110.190 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD..., in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. (a) The anchorage grounds. All of Bird Key Harbor, southwest of Garden Key, bounded by the surrounding reefs and shoals and, on the northeast, by a line...

  14. 33 CFR 110.190 - Tortugas Harbor, in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. 110.190 Section 110.190 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD..., in vicinity of Garden Key, Dry Tortugas, Fla. (a) The anchorage grounds. All of Bird Key Harbor, southwest of Garden Key, bounded by the surrounding reefs and shoals and, on the northeast, by a line...

  15. 33 CFR 334.440 - New River, N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ...; Marine Corps firing ranges. 334.440 Section 334.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS..., N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges. (a) Atlantic Ocean east of New River Inlet. The... section are referred to true meridian. (b) New River. The firing ranges include all waters to the high...

  16. 33 CFR 334.440 - New River, N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...; Marine Corps firing ranges. 334.440 Section 334.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS..., N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges. (a) Atlantic Ocean east of New River Inlet. The... section are referred to true meridian. (b) New River. The firing ranges include all waters to the high...

  17. 33 CFR 334.440 - New River, N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ...; Marine Corps firing ranges. 334.440 Section 334.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS..., N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges. (a) Atlantic Ocean east of New River Inlet. The... section are referred to true meridian. (b) New River. The firing ranges include all waters to the high...

  18. 33 CFR 334.440 - New River, N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...; Marine Corps firing ranges. 334.440 Section 334.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS..., N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges. (a) Atlantic Ocean east of New River Inlet. The... section are referred to true meridian. (b) New River. The firing ranges include all waters to the high...

  19. 33 CFR 334.440 - New River, N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...; Marine Corps firing ranges. 334.440 Section 334.440 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS..., N.C., and vicinity; Marine Corps firing ranges. (a) Atlantic Ocean east of New River Inlet. The... section are referred to true meridian. (b) New River. The firing ranges include all waters to the high...

  20. Surveys of forest bird populations found in the vicinity of proposed geothermal project subzones in the district of Puna, Hawaii

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jacobi, J.D.; Reynolds, M.; Ritchotte, G.

    1994-10-01

    This report presents data on the distribution and status of forest bird species found within the vicinity of proposed geothermal resource development on the Island of Hawaii. Potential impacts of the proposed development on the native bird populations found in the project are are addressed.

  1. 77 FR 19573 - Safety Zone; Wedding Fireworks Display, Boston Inner Harbor, Boston, MA

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-02

    ...-AA00 Safety Zone; Wedding Fireworks Display, Boston Inner Harbor, Boston, MA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... zone on the navigable waters of the Boston Inner Harbor in the vicinity of Anthony's Pier 4, Boston, MA... Boston Inner Harbor in the vicinity of Anthony's Pier 4, Boston, MA. The Captain of the Port (COTP...

  2. 14 CFR 91.145 - Management of aircraft operations in the vicinity of aerial demonstrations and major sporting...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Management of aircraft operations in the... greater than the minimum airspace necessary for the management of aircraft operations in the vicinity of... be greater than the minimum airspace necessary for the management of aircraft operations in the...

  3. 75 FR 12674 - Amendment of Jet Routes and VOR Federal Airways in the Vicinity of Gage, OK

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-17

    ... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 71 [Docket No. FAA-2010-0004; Airspace Docket No. 09-ASW-32] RIN 2120-AA66 Amendment of Jet Routes and VOR Federal Airways in the Vicinity of Gage, OK AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule...

  4. 33 CFR 334.1010 - San Francisco Bay in vicinity of Hunters Point; naval restricted area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Hunters Point; naval restricted area. 334.1010 Section 334.1010 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF....1010 San Francisco Bay in vicinity of Hunters Point; naval restricted area. (a) The area. Bounded by the shore of the San Francisco Naval Shipyard and the following lines: Beginning at a point on the...

  5. Atmospheric turbulence observations in the vicinity of surface fires in forested environments

    Treesearch

    Warren E. Heilman; Xindi Bian; Kenneth L. Clark; Nicholas S. Skowronski; John L. Hom; Michael R. Gallagher

    2017-01-01

    Ambient and fire-induced atmospheric turbulence in the vicinity of wildland fires can affect the behavior of those fires and the dispersion of smoke. The presence of forest overstory vegetation can further complicate the evolution of local turbulence regimes and their interaction with spreading fires and smoke plumes. Previous observational studies of wildland fire...

  6. 29 CFR 1915.95 - Ship repairing and shipbuilding work on or in the vicinity of radar and radio.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Ship repairing and shipbuilding work on or in the vicinity of radar and radio. 1915.95 Section 1915.95 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH...

  7. Kinetics of Structural Changes on GaSb(001) Singular and Vicinal Surfaces During the UHV Annealing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vasev, A. V.; Putyato, M. A.; Preobrazhenskii, V. V.; Bakarov, A. K.; Toropov, A. I.

    2018-05-01

    The dynamics of processes of antimony desorption was investigated on the singular and vicinal GaSb(001) surface by RHEED method. The role of the terraces edges was determined during antimony evaporation in Langmuir desorption mode. It is shown that the structural transition (2x5) -> (1x3) is a complex of two transitions - order -> disorder and disorder -> order. The influence of the degree of surface miscut from the singular face on the dimension of the transition (2x5) -> DO was studied. The activation energies of structural transitions ex(2x5) -> (2x5), (2x5) -> DO and DO -> (1x3) on singular and vicinal faces GaSb(001) were determined.

  8. Vicinal light inspection of translucent materials

    DOEpatents

    Burns, Geroge R [Albuquerque, NM; Yang, Pin [Albuquerque, NM

    2010-01-19

    The present invention includes methods and apparatus for inspecting vicinally illuminated non-patterned areas of translucent materials. An initial image of the material is received. A second image is received following a relative translation between the material being inspected and a device generating the images. Each vicinally illuminated image includes a portion having optimal illumination, that can be extracted and stored in a composite image of the non-patterned area. The composite image includes aligned portions of the extracted image portions, and provides a composite having optimal illumination over a non-patterned area of the material to be inspected. The composite image can be processed by enhancement and object detection algorithms, to determine the presence of, and characterize any inhomogeneities present in the material.

  9. Step patterns on vicinal reconstructed surfaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Vilfan, Igor

    1996-04-01

    Step patterns on vicinal (2 × 1) reconstructed surfaces of noble metals Au(110) and Pt(110), miscut towards the (100) orientation, are investigated. The free energy of the reconstructed surface with a network of crossing opposite steps is calculated in the strong chirality regime when the steps cannot make overhangs. It is explained why the steps are not perpendicular to the direction of the miscut but form in equilibrium a network of crossing steps which make the surface to look like a fish skin. The network formation is the consequence of competition between the — predominantly elastic — energy loss and entropy gain. It is in agreement with recent scanning tunnelling microscopy observations on vicinal Au(110) and Pt(110) surfaces.

  10. Turbulent Heat-Transfer Coefficients in the Vicinity of Surface Protuberances

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wisniewski, Richard J.

    1958-01-01

    Local turbulent heating rates were obtained in the vicinity of surface protuberances mounted on the cylinder section of a cone cylinder model at a Mach number of 3.12. Data were obtained at Reynolds number per foot of 4.5 and 6 million for an unswept cylinder, a 45 deg swept cylinder, a 45 deg elbow, and several 90 deg elbows. The unswept cylinder and the 90 deg elbows increased the local turbulent heating rates in the vicinity of the surface protuberances. The data of the 45 deg swept cylinder and the 45 deg elbow resulted in heating rates lower than those observed without surface protuberances. In general, sweeping a surface protuberance resulted in heating rates comparable or lower than those measured without surface protuberances.

  11. Residential exposure from extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) radiation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Parthasarathy, Shamesh Raj; Tukimin, Roha

    2018-01-01

    ELF EMF radiation have received considerable attention as a potential threat to the safety and health of people living in the vicinity of high voltage transmission lines, electric distribution substations, power stations and even in close proximity to electronics and electrical household appliances. The paper highlights the study on the ELF EMF safety assessment performed at residences comprising of an owner-occupied house, a completed vacant house and an under construction condominium. The objectives of this study were to determine the ELF EMF radiation exposure level from the high voltage transmission line, electric distribution substation, power station and electrical household appliances in the residences, and to assess the potential exposure received by the occupants at the assessed locations. The results were logged in the electric and magnetic field strength with the units of volt per meter (V/m) and miliGauss (mG) respectively. The instrument setup and measurement protocols during the assessment were adopted from standard measurement method and procedures stipulated under the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard. The results were compared with the standards recommended in the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines.

  12. Element composition of insoluble fraction of aerosols in snow in the vicinity of oil chemistry refinery (Pavlodar City, Kazakhstan) and petrochemical plant (Tomsk City, Russia)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Talovskaya, Anna V.; Filimonenko, Ekaterina A.; Yazikov, Egor G.; Shakhova, Tatyana S.; Parygina, Irina A.

    2015-11-01

    Tomsk petrochemical plant (Russia) and Pavlodar oil chemistry refinery (Kazakhstan) are the sources of air contamination in Tomsk and Pavlodar respectively. Therefore, it is very important to study the level of air contamination with particulate matter as well as ultimate composition of these particles. Disposable solid particles fall out to the snow cover, so snow is an accumulator of the particles. The article deals with the study results of dust load and concentrations of Br, Sb, La, Ce, Sm and Nd in insoluble fraction of aerosols in snow in the vicinity of Pavlodar oil chemistry refinery and Tomsk petrochemical plant. The instrumental neutron activation analysis was used for the ultimate composition detection. Results were shown that the dust load in the vicinity of Tomsk petrochemical plant is higher than in Pavlodar. We have detected high concentrations of La, Br and Sm in insoluble fraction of aerosols in snow in the vicinity of Pavlodar refinery and high concentrations of Sb and Ce in Tomsk. Moreover, we have detected high Br concentration in insoluble fraction of aerosols in snow of the vicinity of both plants. Gas burning on the flares of these enterprises is likely a potential source of Br. La to light lanthanoids ratio have shown La is of anthropogenic origin. In addition, enrichment factor estimation reflects an anthropogenic origin of La, Sm, Br, Ce and Sb as well. These elements might be emitted from different production facilities of the plants.

  13. 33 CFR 334.1460 - Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Commander, Caribbean Sea Frontier, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and such agencies as he may designate. (Sec. 7, 40... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1460 Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island...

  14. 33 CFR 334.1460 - Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Commander, Caribbean Sea Frontier, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and such agencies as he may designate. (Sec. 7, 40... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1460 Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island...

  15. 33 CFR 334.1460 - Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Commander, Caribbean Sea Frontier, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and such agencies as he may designate. (Sec. 7, 40... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.1460 Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island...

  16. 77 FR 28255 - Safety Zone; Upper Mississippi River, Mile 183.0 to 183.5

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-14

    ...-AA00 Safety Zone; Upper Mississippi River, Mile 183.0 to 183.5 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... Upper Mississippi River, from mile 183.0 to mile 183.5, in the vicinity of the Merchants Bridge and... Merchants Bridge in the vicinity of mile 183.0 to 183.5 on the Upper Mississippi River. After initial...

  17. 33 CFR 165.535 - Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean... Guard District § 165.535 Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware. (a) Location. The following area is a safety zone: All waters of the Atlantic Ocean within the area bounded by...

  18. 33 CFR 165.535 - Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean... Guard District § 165.535 Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware. (a) Location. The following area is a safety zone: All waters of the Atlantic Ocean within the area bounded by...

  19. 33 CFR 165.535 - Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean... Guard District § 165.535 Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware. (a) Location. The following area is a safety zone: All waters of the Atlantic Ocean within the area bounded by...

  20. 33 CFR 165.535 - Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean... Guard District § 165.535 Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware. (a) Location. The following area is a safety zone: All waters of the Atlantic Ocean within the area bounded by...

  1. 33 CFR 165.535 - Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean... Guard District § 165.535 Safety Zone: Atlantic Ocean, Vicinity of Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware. (a) Location. The following area is a safety zone: All waters of the Atlantic Ocean within the area bounded by...

  2. 77 FR 6549 - Notice of Availability for Public Comment of Interconnection Facilities Studies Prepared for the...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-08

    ...,250 megawatts of electric power produced from wind turbines to be located in the vicinity of La... States to Mexico, except for the small amount of electrical energy needed for wind turbine lubrication... connect a wind energy project to be built in the vicinity of La Rumorosa, Baja California, Mexico, to San...

  3. 29 CFR 1915.95 - Ship repairing and shipbuilding work on or in the vicinity of radar and radio.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 29 Labor 7 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Ship repairing and shipbuilding work on or in the vicinity... STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Working Conditions § 1915.95 Ship repairing and shipbuilding work... repairing and shipbuilding. (a) No employees other than radar or radio repairmen shall be permitted to work...

  4. 78 FR 1751 - Modification of VOR Federal Airway V-170 in the Vicinity of Devils Lake, ND

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-09

    ..., Devils Lake, ND, to support non- radar separation requirements when the restricted area is active. DATES...-radar separation and airway clearance from the newly established R-5402, Devils Lake, ND (77 FR 54860... greatest level of safety and efficiency in the vicinity of this area that has poor low altitude radar...

  5. Breeding distribution of the marbled murrelet in Redwood National Park and vicinity during 1988

    Treesearch

    C. John Ralph; Peter W. C. Paton; Aivars Zakis; Gary Strachan

    1990-01-01

    We report on an intensive research effort to determine the present status of the marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in the vicinity of Redwood National Park, in Del Norte and northern Humboldt Counties, California. This seabird is primarily an inhabitant of the nearshore waters and adjacent coastal redwood forests of the northern half of the...

  6. Efficient generation of far-infrared radiation in the vicinity of polariton resonance of lithium niobate.

    PubMed

    Lin, Xiaomu; Wang, Lei; Ding, Yujie J

    2012-09-01

    We efficiently generated far-infrared radiation at the wavelengths centered at 20.8 μm in the vicinity of one of the polariton resonances of lithium niobate. Such an efficient nonlinear conversion is made possible by exploiting phase matching for difference-frequency generation in lithium niobate. The highest peak power reached 233 W.

  7. 75 FR 24504 - Proposed Modification of VOR Federal Airways V-82, V-175, V-191, and V-430 in the Vicinity of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-05

    ...://www.regulations.gov . FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Colby Abbott, Airspace and Rules Group, Office..., Operations Support Group, Federal Aviation Administration, 2601 Meacham Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76137. Persons... useable in the vicinity of the BJI VOR, air traffic control must vector aircraft in this area until the...

  8. 77 FR 34285 - Safety Zone; 2012 Ironman U.S. Championship Swim, Hudson River, Fort Lee, NJ

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-11

    ...-AA00 Safety Zone; 2012 Ironman U.S. Championship Swim, Hudson River, Fort Lee, NJ AGENCY: Coast Guard... safety zone on the navigable waters of the Hudson River in the vicinity of Englewood Cliffs and Fort Lee... the Hudson River in the vicinity of Englewood Cliffs and Fort Lee, New Jersey. This swim event poses...

  9. Site-specific incorporation of uranyl carbonate species at the calcite surface

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Reeder, Richard J.; Elzinga, Evert J.; Tait, C. Drew; Rector, K. D.; Donohoe, Robert J.; Morris, David E.

    2004-12-01

    Spatially resolved luminescence spectra from U(VI) co-precipitated at the (101¯4) growth surface of synthetic calcite single crystals confirm heterogeneous incorporation corresponding to the distribution of structurally non-equivalent steps composing the vicinal surfaces of spiral growth hillocks. Spectral structure from U(VI) luminescence at the "-" vicinal regions and featureless, weak luminescence at the "+" vicinal regions are consistent with previously reported observations of enrichment at the former sites during calcite growth. Luminescence spectra differ between the non-equivalent regions of the crystal, with the spectral features from the "-" vicinal region corresponding to those observed in bulk calcite samples. Subtle spectral shifts are observed from U(VI) co-precipitated with microcrystalline calcite synthesized by a different method, and all of the U(VI)-calcite sample spectra differ significantly from that of U(VI) co-precipitated with aragonite. The step-selective incorporation of U(VI) can be explained by a proposed model in which the allowed orientation for adsorption of the dominant calcium uranyl triscarbonate species is controlled by the atomic arrangement at step edges. Differences in the tilt angles of carbonate groups between non-equivalent growth steps favor adsorption of the calcium uranyl triscarbonate species at "-" steps, as observed in experiments.

  10. Water-quality data for aquifers, streams, and lakes in the vicinity of Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine salt domes, northeast Texas salt-dome basin

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Carr, Jerry E.; Halasz, Stephen J.; Liscum, Fred

    1980-01-01

    This report contains water-quality data for aquifers, streams, and lakes in the vicinity of Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine Salt Domes, in the northeast Texas salt-dome basin. Water-quality data were compiled for aquifers in the Wilcox Group, the Carrizo Sand, and the Queen City Sand. The data include analyses for dissolved solids, pH, temperature, hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate. Water-quality and streamflow data were obtained from 63 surface-water sites in the vicinity of the domes. These data include water discharge, specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Samples were collected at selected sites for analysis of principal and selected minor dissolved constituents.

  11. Performance of personal inhalable aerosol samplers in very slowly moving air when facing the aerosol source.

    PubMed

    Witschger, O; Grinshpun, S A; Fauvel, S; Basso, G

    2004-06-01

    While personal aerosol samplers have been characterized primarily based on wind tunnel tests conducted at relatively high wind speeds, modern indoor occupational environments are usually represented by very slow moving air. Recent surveys suggest that elevated levels of occupational exposure to inhalable airborne particles are typically observed when the worker, operating in the vicinity of the dust source, faces the source. Thus, the first objective of this study was to design and test a new, low cost experimental protocol for measuring the sampling efficiency of personal inhalable aerosol samplers in the vicinity of the aerosol source when the samplers operate in very slowly moving air. In this system, an aerosol generator, which is located in the centre of a room-sized non-ventilated chamber, continuously rotates and omnidirectionally disperses test particles of a specific size. The test and reference samplers are equally distributed around the source at the same distance from the centre and operate in parallel (in most of our experiments, the total number of simultaneously operating samplers was 15). Radial aerosol transport is driven by turbulent diffusion and some natural convection. For each specific particle size and the sampler, the aerosol mass concentration is measured by weighing the collection filter. The second objective was to utilize the new protocol to evaluate three widely used aerosol samplers: the IOM Personal Inhalable Sampler, the Button Personal Inhalable Aerosol Sampler and the 25 mm Millipore filter holder (closed-face C25 cassette). The sampling efficiencies of each instrument were measured with six particle fractions, ranging from 6.9 to 76.9 micro m in their mass median aerodynamic diameter. The Button Sampler efficiency data demonstrated a good agreement with the standard inhalable convention and especially with the low air movement inhalabilty curve. The 25 mm filter holder was found to considerably under-sample the particles larger than 10 micro m; its efficiency did not exceed 7% for particles of 40-100 micro m. The IOM Sampler facing the source was found to over-sample compared with the data obtained previously with a slowly rotating, freely suspended sampler in a low air movement environment. It was also found that the particle wall deposition in the IOM metallic cartridge was rather significant and particle size-dependent. For each sampler (IOM, Button and C25) the precision was characterized through the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the aerosol concentration obtained with identical samplers in a specific experiment. The average RSD was 14% for the IOM Sampler, 11% for the Button Sampler and 35% for the 25 mm filter cassette. A separate set of experiments, performed with the Simplified Torso showed that in very slowly moving air a personal sampler can be adequately evaluated even when it is not attached to a body but freely suspended (confirming the data reported previously).

  12. 13. "CIVIL, SITE PLAN AND VICINITY MAP, AREA LOCATIONS." Test ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    13. "CIVIL, SITE PLAN AND VICINITY MAP, AREA LOCATIONS." Test Area 1-125. Specifications No. ENG (NASA)-04-35363-1; Drawing No. 60-09-34; sheet 11. Ref. No. C-l. D.O. SERIES 1597/1. Approved for siting on 24 April 1962. - Edwards Air Force Base, Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory, Leuhman Ridge near Highways 58 & 395, Boron, Kern County, CA

  13. 33 CFR 334.1460 - Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ..., in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area. 334.1460 Section 334.1460 Navigation...; bombing and gunnery target area. (a) The danger zone. From Punta Resaca on the north coast of Culebra at... danger zone is subject to use as a target area for bombing and gunnery practice. It will be open to...

  14. 33 CFR 334.1470 - Caribbean Sea and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Eastern Vieques; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Caribbean Sea and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Eastern Vieques; bombing and gunnery target area. 334.1470 Section 334.1470 Navigation...; bombing and gunnery target area. (a) The danger zone. From Punta Conejo on the south coast of Vieques at...

  15. 33 CFR 334.1460 - Atlantic Ocean and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ..., in vicinity of Culebra Island; bombing and gunnery target area. 334.1460 Section 334.1460 Navigation...; bombing and gunnery target area. (a) The danger zone. From Punta Resaca on the north coast of Culebra at... danger zone is subject to use as a target area for bombing and gunnery practice. It will be open to...

  16. 33 CFR 334.1470 - Caribbean Sea and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Eastern Vieques; bombing and gunnery target area.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Caribbean Sea and Vieques Sound, in vicinity of Eastern Vieques; bombing and gunnery target area. 334.1470 Section 334.1470 Navigation...; bombing and gunnery target area. (a) The danger zone. From Punta Conejo on the south coast of Vieques at...

  17. 78 FR 41686 - Modification of VOR Federal Airway V-345 in the Vicinity of Ashland, WI

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-11

    ...-0236; Airspace Docket No. 13-AGL-5] RIN 2120-AA66 Modification of VOR Federal Airway V-345 in the...: This action modifies VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) Federal airway V-345 in the vicinity of Ashland... decommissioned. The FAA is removing the portion of V-345 affected by the loss of service by the Ashland, WI, VOR...

  18. Bathymetry of the Republic of the Marshall Islands and vicinity

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Hein, James R.; Wong, Florence L.; Mosier, Dan L.

    1999-01-01

    The bathymetric map of the Republic of the Marshall Islands and vicinity is bounded by a window of latitude 3 to 17 degrees North, longitude 153 to 175 degrees East. The map was compiled from surveys conducted by the USGS, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute, and published gridded data. In addition to national jurisdictions, island and atoll coastlines are indicated on the map.

  19. Preliminary assessment of the electromagnetic environment in the immediate vicinity of the ETA accelerator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cabayan, H.S.; Bogdan, E.; Zicker, J.

    The electromagnetic fields in the immediate vicinity of the Experimental Test Accelerator (ETA) at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory have been characterized. Various EM sensors that cover the frequency band from the very low frequencies up into the GHz region have been used. The report describes in detail the probes, the test set-up and the data processing techniques.

  20. Copper(II) acetate promoted intramolecular diamination of unactivated olefins.

    PubMed

    Zabawa, Thomas P; Kasi, Dhanalakshmi; Chemler, Sherry R

    2005-08-17

    A concise method for the synthesis of cyclic sulfamides and vicinal diamines is presented. This method is enabled by Cu(OAc)2 and demonstrates a new transformation for this metal. Both five- and six-membered vicinal diamine-containing heterocycles have been synthesized in good to excellent yields, and substrate-based asymmetric induction has been achieved. This is the first reported example of intramolecular diamination of olefins.

  1. 33 CFR 334.790 - Sabine River at Orange, Tex.; restricted area in vicinity of the Naval and Marine Corps Reserve...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sabine River at Orange, Tex... RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.790 Sabine River at Orange, Tex.; restricted area in vicinity of the Naval.... Government or those duly authorized by the Commanding Officer, Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Center, Orange...

  2. High-frequency pressure variations in the vicinity of a surface CO2 flux chamber

    Treesearch

    Eugene S. Takle; James R. Brandle; R. A. Schmidt; Rick Garcia; Irina V. Litvina; William J. Massman; Xinhua Zhou; Geoffrey Doyle; Charles W. Rice

    2003-01-01

    We report measurements of 2Hz pressure fluctuations at and below the soil surface in the vicinity of a surface-based CO2 flux chamber. These measurements were part of a field experiment to examine the possible role of pressure pumping due to atmospheric pressure fluctuations on measurements of surface fluxes of CO2. Under the moderate wind speeds, warm temperatures,...

  3. Records of wells and test holes in the Nevada Test Site and vicinity (through December 1966)

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Thordarson, William; Young, R.A.; Winograd, I.J.

    1967-01-01

    Hydrogeologic and construction data obtained from 119 test holes, wells, and emplacement holes at the Nevada Test Site and vicinity (through December 1966) are tabulated. The availability of cuttings, cores, lithologic logs, geophysical logs, formation-water analyses, hydraulic test data, and detailed construction data for each hole, as well as references to published reports for selected holes, are noted.

  4. Leukemia-related mortality in towns lying in the vicinity of metal production and processing installations.

    PubMed

    García-Pérez, Javier; López-Cima, María Felicitas; Boldo, Elena; Fernández-Navarro, Pablo; Aragonés, Nuria; Pollán, Marina; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz; López-Abente, Gonzalo

    2010-10-01

    Releases to the environment of toxic substances stemming from industrial metal production and processing installations can pose a health problem to populations in their vicinity. To investigate whether there might be excess leukemia-related mortality in populations residing in towns in the vicinity of Spanish metal industries included in the European Pollutant Emission Register. Ecologic study designed to examine mortality due to leukemia at a municipal level, during the period 1994-2003. Population exposure to pollution was estimated on the basis of distance from town of residence to pollution source. Using Poisson regression models, we analyzed: risk of dying from leukemia in a 5-kilometer zone around installations which had become operational prior to 1990; effect of pollution discharge route and type of industrial activity; and risk gradient within a 50-kilometer radius of such installations. Excess mortality (relative risk, 95% confidence interval) was detected in the vicinity of pre-1990 installations (1.07, 1.02-1.13 in men; 1.05, 1.00-1.11 in women), with this being more elevated in the case of installations that released pollution to air versus water. On stratifying by type of industrial activity, statistically significant associations were also observed among women residing in the vicinity of galvanizing installations (1.58, 1.09-2.29) and surface-treatment installations using an electrolytic or chemical process (1.34, 1.10-1.62), which released pollution to air. There was an effect whereby risk increased with proximity to certain installations. The results suggest an association between risk of dying due to leukemia and proximity to Spanish metal industries. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Local mass and energy transports in evaporation processes from a vapor-liquid interface in a slit pore based on molecular dynamics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fujiwara, K.; Shibahara, M.

    2018-02-01

    Molecular evaporation processes from a vapor-liquid interface formed in a slit-like pore were examined based on the classical molecular dynamics method, in order to elucidate a molecular mechanism of local mass and energy transports in a slit. The calculation system consisted of monatomic molecules and atoms which interact through the 12-6 Lennard-Jones potential. At first, a liquid was situated in a slit with a vapor-liquid interface, and instantaneous amounts of the mass and energy fluxes defined locally in the slit were obtained in two dimensions to reveal local fluctuation properties of the fluid in equilibrium states. Then, imposing a temperature gradient in the calculation system, non-equilibrium evaporation processes in the slit were investigated in details based on the local mass and energy fluxes. In this study, we focused on the fluid which is in the vicinity of the solid surface and in contact with the vapor phase. In the non-equilibrium evaporation processes, the results revealed that the local energy transport mechanism in the vicinity of the solid surface is different from that of the vapor phase, especially in the case of the relatively strong fluid-solid interaction. The results also revealed that the local mass transport in the vicinity of the solid surface can be interpreted based on the mechanism of the local energy transport, and the mechanism provides valuable information about pictures of the evaporation phenomena especially in the vicinity of the hydrophilic surfaces. It suggests that evaluating and changing this mechanism of the local energy transport are necessary to control the local mass flux more precisely in the vicinity of the solid surface.

  6. The UKB prescription and the heavy atom effects on the nuclear magnetic shielding of vicinal heavy atoms.

    PubMed

    Maldonado, Alejandro F; Aucar, Gustavo A

    2009-07-21

    Fully relativistic calculations of NMR magnetic shielding on XYH3 (X = C, Si, Ge and Sn; Y = Br, I), XHn (n = 1-4) molecular systems and noble gases performed with a fully relativistic polarization propagator formalism at the RPA level of approach are presented. The rate of convergence (size of basis set and time involved) for calculations with both kinetic balance prescriptions, RKB and UKB, were investigated. Calculations with UKB makes it feasible to obtain reliable results for two or more heavy-atom-containing molecules. For such XYH3 systems, the influence of heavy vicinal halogen atoms on sigma(X) is such that heavy atom effects on heavy atoms (vicinal plus their own effects or HAVHA + HAHA effects) amount to 30.50% for X = Sn and Y = I; being the HAHA effect of the order of 25%. So the vicinal effect alone is of the order of 5.5%. The vicinal heavy atom effect on light atoms (HALA effect) is of the order of 28% for X = C and Y = I. A similar behaviour, but of opposite sign, is observed for sigma(Y) for which sigmaR-NR (I; X = C) (HAHA effect) is around 27% and sigmaR-NR(I; X = Sn) (HAVHA + HAHA effects) is close to 21%. Its electronic origin is paramagnetic for halogen atoms but both dia- and paramagnetic for central atoms. The effect on two bond distant hydrogen atoms is such that the largest variation of sigma(H) within the same family of XYH3 molecules appears for X = Si and Y = I: around 20%. In this case sigma(H; X = Sn, Y = I) = 33.45 ppm and sigma(H; X = Sn, Y = H) = 27.82 ppm.

  7. Effects of a descending lithospheric slab on yield estimates of underground nuclear tests. Final technical report, 8 Mar 88-31 Aug 90

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Cormier, V.F.; Kim, W.; Mandal, B.

    A method for computing seismic wavefields in a high-frequency approximation is proposed based on the integration of the kinematic ray tracing equations and a new set of differential equations for the dynamic properties of the wavefront, which the authors call the vicinity ray tracing (VRT) equations. These equations are directly obtained from the Hamiltonian in ray centered coordinates, using no paraxial approximations. This system is comparable to the standard dynamic ray tracing (DRT) system, but it is specified by fewer equations (four versus eight in 3-D) and only requires the specification of velocity and its first spacial derivative along amore » ray. The VRT equations describe the trajectory of a ray in ray centered coordinates of a reference ray. Quantities obtained from vicinity ray tracing can be used to determine wavefront curvature, geometric spreading, travel time to a receiver near the reference ray, and the KMAH index of the reference ray with greater numerical precision than is possible by differencing kinematically traced rays. Since second spatial derivatives of velocity are not required by the new technique, parameterization of the medium is simplified, and reflection and transmission of beams can be calculated by applying Snell's law to both vicinity and central rays. Conversation relations between VRT and DRT can be used to determine the paraxial vicinity of DRT, in which the errors of the paraxial approximations of DRT remain small. Because no paraxial approximations are made, the superposition of the Gaussian beams define from the vicinity rays should exhibit a much slower breakdown in accuracy as the scale length of the medium given by V/Delta v approaches the beamwidth.« less

  8. Potentiometric surface map of the Floridan Aquifer in the St Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September, 1977

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Watkins, F.A.; Laughlin, C.P.; Hayes, E.C.

    1977-01-01

    This map presents the potentiometric surface of the Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity for September 1977. The Floridan aquifer is the principal source of potable water in the area. Water-level measurements were made on approximately 900 wells and springs. The potentiometric surface is shown by 5-foot contours except in the Fernandina Beach area where 10- and 20-foot contours are used to show the deep cone of depression. This is the first map covering the entire St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity for September, a high water-level period. The potentiometric surface ranged from 130 feet above mean sea level in Polk County to 131 feet below sea level in Nassau County. (Woodard-USGS)

  9. Flood of December 25, 1987, in Millington, Tennessee and vicinity

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Lewis, James G.; Gamble, Charles R.

    1989-01-01

    Intense rainfall totaling 9.2 in. in a 12-hour period on December 24-25, 1987, and 14.8 in for the period December 24-27 caused record floods in Millington, Tennessee and vicinity. The peak discharge of Big Creek at Raleigh-Millington Road was almost twice the discharge of the 100-year flood discharge and that of Loosahatchie River near Arlington was about equal to the 50-year flood discharge. The inundated area and flood elevations are depicted on a map of Millington, Tennessee and vicinity. Water surface profiles for the peak of December 25, 1987, for Loosahatchie River, Big Creek, Royster Creek, North Fork Creek, Casper Creek, and an unnamed tributary to Big Creek are shown. Flood damages and cleanup costs for this record flood have been estimated at about $9.2 million. (USGS)

  10. Stochastic analysis of the control of the movement of the spacecraft in the vicinity of the colinear libration point by means of the forces of luminous pressure

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lukyanov, S. S.

    1983-01-01

    This paper is dedicated to the possible investigation of the utilization of the solar radiation pressure for the spacecraft motion control in the vicinity of collinear libration point of planar restricted ring problem of three bodies. The control is realized by changing the solar sail area at its permanent orientation. In this problem the influence of the trajectory errors and the errors of the execution control is accounted. It is worked out, the estimation method of the solar sail sizes, which are necessary for spacecraft keeping in the vicinity of collinear libration point during the certain time with given probability. The main control parameters were calculated for some examples in case of libration points of the Sun-Earth and Earth-Moon systems.

  11. Water-quality data for aquifers, streams, and lakes in the vicinity of Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine salt domes, northeast Texas salt-dome basin

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Carr, J.E.; Halasz, S.J.; Liscum, F.

    1980-11-01

    This report contains water-quality data for aquifers, streams, and lakes in the vicinity of Keechi, Mount Sylvan, Oakwood, and Palestine Salt Domes in the northeast Texas salt-dome basin. Water-quality data were compiled for aquifers in the Wilcox Group, the Carrizo Sand, and the Queen City Sand. The data include analyses for dissolved solids, pH, temperature, hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate. Water-quality and streamflow data were obtained from 63 surface-water sites in the vicinity of the domes. These data include water discharge, specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Samples were collected at selected sites for analysismore » of principal and selected minor dissolved constituents.« less

  12. 130. ARAII Administration building (ARA613) vicinity map and plot plan ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    130. ARA-II Administration building (ARA-613) vicinity map and plot plan showing relationship to other existing buildings on site and to ARA-602, to which this building was attached. F.C. Torkelson Comapny 842-area/SL-1-101-U-1. Date: October 1959. Ineel index code no. 070-0101-65-851-150053. - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Army Reactors Experimental Area, Scoville, Butte County, ID

  13. Publications - PDF 97-29I | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical

    Science.gov Websites

    igneous rocks of the Tanana B-1 Quadrangle and vicinity Authors: Newberry, R.J., and Haug, S.A , and Sr isotopic data for igneous rocks of the Tanana B-1 Quadrangle and vicinity: Alaska Division of ; Isotopes; Plutonic; STATEMAP Project; Trace Elements; Volcanic Top of Page Department of Natural Resources

  14. Radar returns from ground clutter in vicinity of airports

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Raemer, H. R.; Rahgavan, R.; Bhattacharya, A.

    1988-01-01

    The objective of this project is to develop a dynamic simulation of the received signals from natural and man-made ground features in the vicinity of airports. The simulation is run during landing and takeoff stages of a flight. Vugraphs of noteworthy features of the simulation, ground clutter data bases, the development of algorithms for terrain features, typical wave theory results, and a gravity wave height profile are given.

  15. [Behavioral and acoustical characteristics of the reproductive gathering of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in the vicinity of Myagostrov, Golyi Sosnovets, and Roganka Islands (Onega Bay, the White Sea)].

    PubMed

    Alekseeva, Ia I; Panova, E M; Bel'kovich, V M

    2013-01-01

    The structure of the summer reproductive gathering of beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas was studied in the vicinity of Myagostrov, Golyi Sosnovets, and Roganka islands (Onega Bay, the White Sea) in 2006 and 2008. The abundance, age and sex structure, behavior, and swimming and acoustic behavior were studied in detail.

  16. A comparison of the uniaxial deformation of copper and nickel (1 1 19) surfaces: a molecular dynamics study

    PubMed Central

    Pukšič, Nuša; Jenko, Monika; Godec, Matjaž; McGuiness, Paul J.

    2017-01-01

    While a lot is known about the deformation of metallic surfaces from experiments, elasticity theory and simulations, this investigation represents the first molecular-dynamics-based simulation of uniaxial deformation for the vicinal surfaces in a comparison of copper and nickel. These vicinal surfaces are composed of terraces divided by equidistant, mono-atomic steps. The periodicity of vicinals makes them good candidates for the study of the surface steps’ influences on surface dynamics. The simulations of tensile and compressive uniaxial deformations were performed for the (1 1 19) vicinal surfaces. Since the steps on the surfaces serve as stress concentrators, the first defects were expected to nucleate here. In the case of copper, this was found to be the case. In the case of nickel, however, dislocations nucleated beneath the near-surface layer affected by the displacement field generated by the steps. Slip was hindered at the surface step by the vortex in the displacement field. The differences in the deformation mechanisms for the Ni(1 1 19) and Cu(1 1 19) surfaces can be linked to the differences in their displacement fields. This could lead to novel bottom-up approaches to the nanostructuring of surfaces using strain. PMID:28169377

  17. Fine-Scale Ecological and Genetic Population Structure of Two Whitefish (Coregoninae) Species in the Vicinity of Industrial Thermal Emissions.

    PubMed

    Graham, Carly F; Eberts, Rebecca L; Morgan, Thomas D; Boreham, Douglas R; Lance, Stacey L; Manzon, Richard G; Martino, Jessica A; Rogers, Sean M; Wilson, Joanna Y; Somers, Christopher M

    2016-01-01

    Thermal pollution from industrial processes can have negative impacts on the spawning and development of cold-water fish. Point sources of thermal effluent may need to be managed to avoid affecting discrete populations. Correspondingly, we examined fine-scale ecological and genetic population structure of two whitefish species (Coregonus clupeaformis and Prosopium cylindraceum) on Lake Huron, Canada, in the immediate vicinity of thermal effluent from nuclear power generation. Niche metrics using δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes showed high levels of overlap (48.6 to 94.5%) in resource use by adult fish captured in areas affected by thermal effluent compared to nearby reference locations. Isotopic niche size, a metric of resource use diversity, was 1.3- to 2.8-fold higher than reference values in some thermally affected areas, indicative of fish mixing. Microsatellite analyses of genetic population structure (Fst, STRUCTURE and DAPC) indicated that fish captured at all locations in the vicinity of the power plant were part of a larger population extending beyond the study area. In concert, ecological and genetic markers do not support the presence of an evolutionarily significant unit in the vicinity of the power plant. Thus, future research should focus on the potential impacts of thermal emissions on development and recruitment.

  18. Degradation of vicine, convicine and their aglycones during fermentation of faba bean flour

    PubMed Central

    Rizzello, Carlo Giuseppe; Losito, Ilario; Facchini, Laura; Katina, Kati; Palmisano, Francesco; Gobbetti, Marco; Coda, Rossana

    2016-01-01

    In spite of its positive repercussions on nutrition and environment, faba bean still remains an underutilized crop due to the presence of some undesired compounds. The pyrimidine glycosides vicine and convicine are precursors of the aglycones divicine and isouramil, the main factors of favism, a genetic condition which may lead to severe hemolysis after faba bean ingestion. The reduction of vicine and convicine has been targeted in several studies but little is known about their degradation. In this study, the hydrolysis kinetics of vicine and convicine and their derivatives during fermentation with L. plantarum DPPMAB24W was investigated. In particular, a specific HPLC method coupled to ESI-MS and MS/MS analysis, including the evaluation procedure of the results, was set up as the analytical approach to monitor the compounds. The degradation of the pyrimidine glycosides in the fermented flour was complete after 48 h of incubation and the aglycone derivatives could not be detected in any of the samples. The toxicity of the fermented faba bean was established through ex-vivo assays on human blood, confirming the experimental findings. Results indicate that mild and cost effective bioprocessing techniques can be applied to detoxify faba bean also for industrial applications. PMID:27578427

  19. Hydrologic data collected in the vicinity of the proposed gamma-ray and neutrino detector site, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, 1988-89

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Fitzpatrick, D.J.; Westerfield, P.W.

    1990-01-01

    An abandoned barite mine in Hot Spring County, Arkansas, has been selected as the location for a proposed gamma-ray and neutrino detector site. As part of the hydrologic evaluation of the site, the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Arkansas Geological Commission collected hydrologic data at selected locations in the vicinity of the abandoned barite mine. Data collected as part of the project included water quality, pond-evaluation, and precipitation data within the abandoned barite mine and flow and water quality data at selected sites in the vicinity of the mine. Water quality samples from within the abandoned mine were collected at three locations in the pond at selected depths. These data included field measurements of specific conductance, pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, major ions, and trace metals. Major ion and trace-metal samples were collected at six stream sites, one lake site, and two wastewater pond sites. Pond elevation and precipitation data from within the abandoned barite mine were measured during the period between July 1, 1988 and June 30, 1989. Twevle discharge measurements during the period between June 21, 1988, and June 26, 1989, were collected at six sites in the vicinity of the abandoned barite mine. (USGS)

  20. Fine-Scale Ecological and Genetic Population Structure of Two Whitefish (Coregoninae) Species in the Vicinity of Industrial Thermal Emissions

    PubMed Central

    Graham, Carly F.; Eberts, Rebecca L.; Morgan, Thomas D.; Boreham, Douglas R.; Lance, Stacey L.; Manzon, Richard G.; Martino, Jessica A.; Rogers, Sean M.; Wilson, Joanna Y.; Somers, Christopher M.

    2016-01-01

    Thermal pollution from industrial processes can have negative impacts on the spawning and development of cold-water fish. Point sources of thermal effluent may need to be managed to avoid affecting discrete populations. Correspondingly, we examined fine-scale ecological and genetic population structure of two whitefish species (Coregonus clupeaformis and Prosopium cylindraceum) on Lake Huron, Canada, in the immediate vicinity of thermal effluent from nuclear power generation. Niche metrics using δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes showed high levels of overlap (48.6 to 94.5%) in resource use by adult fish captured in areas affected by thermal effluent compared to nearby reference locations. Isotopic niche size, a metric of resource use diversity, was 1.3- to 2.8-fold higher than reference values in some thermally affected areas, indicative of fish mixing. Microsatellite analyses of genetic population structure (Fst, STRUCTURE and DAPC) indicated that fish captured at all locations in the vicinity of the power plant were part of a larger population extending beyond the study area. In concert, ecological and genetic markers do not support the presence of an evolutionarily significant unit in the vicinity of the power plant. Thus, future research should focus on the potential impacts of thermal emissions on development and recruitment. PMID:26807722

  1. Prayer Healing: A Case Study Research Protocol.

    PubMed

    Kruijthoff, Dirk J; van der Kooi, Cornelis; Glas, Gerrit; Abma, Tineke A

    2017-01-01

    Context • Prayer healing is a common practice in many religious communities around the world. Even in the highly secularized Dutch society, cases of prayer healing are occasionally reported in the media, often generating public attention. There is an ongoing debate regarding whether such miraculous cures do actually occur and how to interpret them. Objective • The aim of the article was to present a research protocol for the investigation of reported cases of remarkable and/or unexplained healing after prayer. Design • The research team developed a method to perform a retrospective, case-based study of prayer healing. Reported prayer healings can be investigated systematically in accordance with a step-by-step methodology. The focus is on understanding the healing by studying it from multiple perspectives, using both medical judgment and patients' narratives collected by qualitative methods Setting • The study occurred at Vrije Universiteit (VU) and VU Medical Center (Amsterdam, Netherlands) as well as the general medical practice of the first author. Participants • Potential participants could be any individuals in the Netherlands or neighboring countries who claim to have been healed through prayer. The reports of healing came from multiple sources, including the research team's medical practices and their direct vicinities, newspaper articles, prayer healers, and medical colleagues. Outcome Measures • Medical data were obtained before and after prayer. Subsequently, a member of a research team and of a medical assessment committee made a standardized judgment that evaluated whether a cure was clinically remarkable or scientifically unexplained. The participants' experiences and insider perspectives were studied, using in-depth interviews in accordance with a qualitative research methodology, to gain insight into the perceptions and explanations of the cures that were offered by participants and by the members of the medical assessment committee. The medical findings and participants' experiences were weighed and interpreted based on a transdisciplinary framework, including biopsychosocial and theological perspectives, with reference to a conceptual framework derived from Ian Barbour's typology of positions in the science-religion debate. Conclusion • A case-based, research study protocol that compares medical and experiential findings and that interprets and structures those findings with reference to Ian Barbour's conceptual model is an innovative way of gaining deeper insight into the nature of remarkable and/or unexplained cures.

  2. Volgograd and vicinity: a Landsat view

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Dando, William A.; Johnson, Gary E.

    1981-01-01

    Many diverse features can be discerned on the Landsat image of Volgograd and vicinity. Some of these features have resulted directly from man's alteration of the land surface in accordance with Stalin's and Khrushchev's plans for control of climate and for development in Volgograd and the surrounding area. Landsat images such as the one in this example provide the opportunity to inventory and assess man's imprint upon the land on a regional basis from a unique perspective.

  3. 15 CFR Appendix Vii to Subpart P... - Areas To Be Avoided Boundary Coordinates

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ....50′N 80°07.00′W 22 25°39.70′N 80°06.85′W 23 25°45.00′N 80°06.10′W In the Vicinity of Key West Harbor... COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Florida Keys... Avoided Boundary Coordinates In The Vicinity of the Florida Keys [Reference Charts: United States 11466...

  4. 15 CFR Appendix Vii to Subpart P... - Areas To Be Avoided Boundary Coordinates

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ....50′N 80°07.00′W 22 25°39.70′N 80°06.85′W 23 25°45.00′N 80°06.10′W In the Vicinity of Key West Harbor... COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Florida Keys... Avoided Boundary Coordinates In The Vicinity of the Florida Keys [Reference Charts: United States 11466...

  5. 15 CFR Appendix Vii to Subpart P... - Areas To Be Avoided Boundary Coordinates

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ....50′N 80°07.00′W 22 25°39.70′N 80°06.85′W 23 25°45.00′N 80°06.10′W In the Vicinity of Key West Harbor... COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Florida Keys... Avoided Boundary Coordinates In The Vicinity of the Florida Keys [Reference Charts: United States 11466...

  6. 15 CFR Appendix Vii to Subpart P... - Areas To Be Avoided Boundary Coordinates

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ....50′N 80°07.00′W 22 25°39.70′N 80°06.85′W 23 25°45.00′N 80°06.10′W In the Vicinity of Key West Harbor... COMMERCE OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY PROGRAM REGULATIONS Florida Keys... Avoided Boundary Coordinates In The Vicinity of the Florida Keys [Reference Charts: United States 11466...

  7. Radiocarbon Dates from Volcanic Deposits of the Chaos Crags and Cinder Cone Eruptive Sequences and Other Deposits, Lassen Volcanic National Park and Vicinity, California

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Clynne, Michael A.; Christiansen, Robert L.; Trimble, Deborah A.; McGeehin, John P.

    2008-01-01

    This contribution reports radiocarbon ages obtained from charcoal, wood and other samples collected between 1979 and 2001 in Lassen Volcanic National Park and vicinity and a few samples from other nearby localities. Most of the samples are from the Chaos Crags and Cinder Cone eruptive sequences. Brief summaries are given of the Chaos Crags and Cinder Cone eruptive sequences.

  8. Formation Flying in Earth, Libration, and Distant Retrograde Orbits

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Folta, David C.

    2004-01-01

    This slide presentation examines the current and future state of formation flying, LEO formations, control strategies for flight in the vicinity of the libration points, and distant retrograde orbit formations. This discussion of LEO formations includes background on perturbation theory/accelerations and LEO formation flying. The discussion of strategies for formation flight in the vicinity of the libration points includes libration missions and natural and controlled libration orbit formations. A reference list is included.

  9. MOUNT ZIRKEL WILDERNESS AND VICINITY, COLORADO.

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Snyder, George L.; Patten, Lowell L.

    1984-01-01

    Several areas of metallic and nonmetallic mineralization have been identified from surface occurrences within the Mount Zirkel Wilderness and vicinity, Colorado. Three areas of probable copper-lead-zinc-silver-gold resource potential, two areas of probable chrome-platinum resource potential, four areas of probable uranium-thorium resource potential, two areas of probable molybdenum resource potential, and one area of probable fluorspar potential were identified. No potential for fossil fuel or geothermal resources was identified.

  10. 75 FR 43818 - Amendment of VOR Federal Airways V-50, V-251, and V-313 in the Vicinity of Decatur, IL

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-27

    ...-0689; Airspace Docket No. 09-AGL-29] RIN: 2120-AA66 Amendment of VOR Federal Airways V-50, V-251, and V... Airways V-50, V-251, and V-313 in the vicinity of Decatur, IL. The FAA is taking this action because the Decatur VHF omni-directional range/tactical air navigation (VORTAC), included as part of the V-50, V-251...

  11. 76 FR 72093 - Amendment of VOR Federal Airways V-81, V-89, and V-169 in the Vicinity of Chadron, NE

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-22

    ...-1016; Airspace Docket No. 11-ACE-6] RIN 2120-AA66 Amendment of VOR Federal Airways V-81, V-89, and V... airways V-81, V-89, and V-169 in the vicinity of Chadron, Nebraska. The FAA is taking this action because the Chadron VOR distance measuring equipment (DME), included as part of the V-81, V-89, and V-169...

  12. Flow- topography Interactions in the Vicinity of a Deep Ocean Island and a Ridge

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-09-30

    1 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Flow- topography Interactions in the Vicinity of a Deep...flow around abrupt topography in operational Navy models. RELATED PROJECTS NRL FY17 6.2 New Start proposal (pending proposal), titled...Predictability of Flow Interacting with Abrupt Topography (FIAT)”; lead PI: Ana Rice, NRL-SSC. The objective of FIAT is to use observations to develop Navy

  13. Nonlinear relativistic plasma resonance: Renormalization group approach

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Metelskii, I. I., E-mail: metelski@lebedev.ru; Kovalev, V. F., E-mail: vfkvvfkv@gmail.com; Bychenkov, V. Yu., E-mail: bychenk@lebedev.ru

    An analytical solution to the nonlinear set of equations describing the electron dynamics and electric field structure in the vicinity of the critical density in a nonuniform plasma is constructed using the renormalization group approach with allowance for relativistic effects of electron motion. It is demonstrated that the obtained solution describes two regimes of plasma oscillations in the vicinity of the plasma resonance— stationary and nonstationary. For the stationary regime, the spatiotemporal and spectral characteristics of the resonantly enhanced electric field are investigated in detail and the effect of the relativistic nonlinearity on the spatial localization of the energy ofmore » the plasma relativistic field is considered. The applicability limits of the obtained solution, which are determined by the conditions of plasma wave breaking in the vicinity of the resonance, are established and analyzed in detail for typical laser and plasma parameters. The applicability limits of the earlier developed nonrelativistic theories are refined.« less

  14. [Assessment of cyto- and genotoxicity of natural waters in the vicinity of radioactive waste storage facility using Allium-test].

    PubMed

    Udalova, A A; Geras'kin, S A; Dikarev, V G; Dikareva, N S

    2014-01-01

    Efficacy of bioassays of "aberrant cells frequency" and "proliferative activity" in root meristem of Allium cepa L. is studied in the present work for a cyto- and genotoxicity assessment of natural waters contaminated with 90Sr and heavy metals in the vicinity of the radioactive waste storage facility in Obninsk, Kaluga region. The Allium-test is shown to be applicable for the diagnostics of environmental media at their combined pollution with chemical and radioactive substances. The analysis of aberration spectrum shows an important role of chemical toxicants in the mutagenic potential of waters collected in the vicinity of the radioactive waste storage facility. Biological effects are not always possible to explain from the knowledge on water contamination levels, which shows limitations of physical-chemical monitoring in providing the adequate risk assessment for human and biota from multicomponent environmental impacts.

  15. Stream-sediment and panned-concentrate geochemical maps of the Buffalo Peaks Wilderness Study Area, Lake, Park, and Chaffee counties, Colorado

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Nowlan, G.A.; Gerstel, W.J.

    1985-01-01

    The study area is bounded by several areas of known mineralization (Hedl und and others, 1983). Vein and bedding replacement deposits of silver, zinc, and lead were mined from 1890 until about 1918 in the vicinity of Weston Pass (map A), on the northeastern border of the study area. Gold and silver were mined from about 1860 until about 1880 from veins in the Granite area (map A), on the northwestern border of the study area; minor prospecting activity continues today. From 1935 to 1937, veins of gold, silver, and base metals were mined in the vicinity of Fourmile Creek, on the southwestern border of the study area (map A). Recently, active uranium prospecting has been taking place in the vicinity of the Middle Fork of Salt Creek, on the southeastern border of the study area (map A).

  16. Magnetic 4d monoatomic rows on Ag vicinal surfaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bellini, V.; Papanikolaou, N.; Zeller, R.; Dederichs, P. H.

    2001-09-01

    The magnetic properties of 4d monoatomic rows on Ag substrates have been studied by ab initio calculations using the screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (SKKR) Green's function method within density functional theory (DFT) in its local spin density approximation (LSDA). The rows were placed at step-edge (step decoration) and on terrace positions of different vicinal Ag surfaces, i.e., fcc (711), fcc (410), and fcc (221). The results for the magnetic moments are explained in terms of the different coordination numbers of the row atoms and the different hybridization between the rather extended 4d orbitals of the row atoms and the sp-like valence electrons of the Ag substrates. For the fcc (711) vicinal surface, we explore the possibility of antiferromagnetic coupling between the atoms in each row and discuss, by means of total energy calculations, the stability of the antiferromagnetic solutions with respect to the ferromagnetic ones.

  17. Missing matter in the vicinity of the sun

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bahcall, John N.

    1986-01-01

    The Poisson and Vlasov equations are solved numerically for realistic Galaxy models which include multiple disk components, a Population II spheroid, and an unseen massive halo. The total amount of matter in the vicinity of the sun is determined by comparing the observed distributions of tracer stars, samples of F dwarfs, and K giants with the predictions of the Galaxy models. Results are obtained for a number of different assumed distributions of the unseen disk mass. For all the observed samples, typical models imply that about half of the mass in the solar vicinity must be in the form of unobserved matter. The volume density of unobserved material near the sun is about 0.1 solar mass/cu pc; the corresponding column density is about 30 solar mass/sq pc. This so far unseen material must be in a disk with an exponential scale height of less than 0.7 kpc.

  18. Potential industrial sites in the Lynn Canal area, Alaska

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Johnson, Arthur; Twenhofel, William Stephens

    1953-01-01

    Full development of a proposal to divert the headwaters of the Yukon River drainage from Canada into the Taiya River valley of Alaska would make available more than a half million kilowatts of electrical energy. Utilization of this block of power, for which there is at present no local market, will require an industrial and community development of appreciable magnitude. Suitable sites for industrial and community development near the proposed power source are limited because of the extremely rugged and mountainous terrain of the Lynn Canal area. This report considers potential industrial areas at Skagway, Taiya River, Ferebee River, Lutak Inlet, Haines and vicinity, Klukwan and vicinity, Haines to Klukwan along the Haines cutoff, Berners Bay, and Juneau and vicinity. The factors considered in their evaluation are topography, geology, climate, water supply, transportation facilities, and transmission-line routes from the source of power.

  19. Bioassay for assessing cell stress in the vicinity of radio-frequency irradiating antennas.

    PubMed

    Monselise, Edna Ben-Izhak; Levkovitz, Aliza; Gottlieb, Hugo E; Kost, Daniel

    2011-07-01

    The 24 h exposure of water plants (etiolated duckweed) to RF-EMF between 7.8 V m(-1) and 1.8 V m(-1), generated by AM 1.287 MHz transmitting antennas, resulted in alanine accumulation in the plant cells, a phenomenon we have previously shown to be a universal stress signal. The magnitude of the effect corresponds qualitatively to the level of RF-EMF exposure. In the presence of 10 mM vitamin C, alanine accumulation is completely suppressed, suggesting the involvement of free radicals in the process. A unique biological connection has thus been made between exposure to RF-EMF and cell stress, in the vicinity of RF transmitting antennas. This simple test, which lasts only 24 h, constitutes a useful bioassay for the quick detection of biological cell stress caused in the vicinity of RF irradiating antennas.

  20. Factors affecting measured aircraft sound levels in the vicinity of start-of-takeoff roll

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Richard, Horonjeff; Fleming, Gregg G.; Rickley, Edward J.; Connor, Thomas L.

    This paper presents the findings of a recently conducted measurement and analysis program of jet transport aircraft sound levels in the vicinity of the star-of-takeoff roll. The purpose of the program was two-fold: (1) to evaluate the computational accuracy of the Federal Aviation Administration's Integrated Noise Model (INM) in the vicinity of start-of-takeoff roll with a recently updated database (INM 3.10), and (2) to provide guidance for future model improvements. Focusing on the second of these two goals, this paper examines several factors affecting Sound Exposure Levels (SELs) in the hemicircular area behind the aircraft brake release point at the start-of-takeoff. In addition to the aircraft type itself, these factors included the geometric relationship of the measurement site to the runway, the wind velocity (speed and direction), aircraft grow weight, and start-of-roll mode (static or rolling start).

  1. Pre-breakdown cavitation nanopores in the dielectric fluid in the inhomogeneous, pulsed electric fields

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pekker, Mikhail; Shneider, Mikhail N.

    2015-10-01

    This paper discusses the nanopores emerging and developing in a liquid dielectric under the action of the ponderomotive electrostrictive forces in a nonuniform electric field. It is shown that the gradient of the electric field in the vicinity of the rupture (cavitation nanopore) substantially increases and determines whether the rupture grows or collapses. The cavitation rupture in the liquid (nanopore) tends to stretch along the lines of the original field. The mechanism of the breakdown associated with the generation of secondary ruptures in the vicinity of the poles of the nanopore is proposed. The estimations of the extension time for nanopore in water and oil (polar and nonpolar liquids, respectively) are presented. A new mechanism of nano- and subnanosecond breakdown in the insulating (transformer) oil that can be realized in the vicinity of water microdroplets in nanosecond high-voltage devices is considered.

  2. Sugar Sweetened Beverage Consumption among Primary School Students: Influence of the Schools' Vicinity.

    PubMed

    Lebel, Alexandre; Morin, Pascale; Robitaille, Éric; Lalonde, Benoit; Florina Fratu, Ramona; Bisset, Sherri

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of the research was to explore the associations between the characteristics of schools' vicinity and the risk of sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in elementary students. Findings exposed an important variation in student's SSB consumption between schools. Schools with a lower socioeconomic status or in a densely built environment tend to have higher proportion of regular SSB drinkers. These characteristics of the school's vicinity partly explained the variation observed between them. We estimated that a student moving to a school with a higher proportion of SSB drinkers may increase his/her chances by 52% of becoming a daily consumer. Important changes in dietary preferences can occur when children are in contact with a new social environment. Findings also support the idea that dietary behaviors among children result from the complex interactions between biological, social, and environmental factors.

  3. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Translational Diffusion of Proteins in the Vicinity of Temperature-Induced Unfolding Transition.

    PubMed

    Molchanov, Stanislav; Faizullin, Dzhigangir A; Nesmelova, Irina V

    2016-10-06

    Translational diffusion is the most fundamental form of transport in chemical and biological systems. The diffusion coefficient is highly sensitive to changes in the size of the diffusing species; hence, it provides important information on the variety of macromolecular processes, such as self-assembly or folding-unfolding. Here, we investigate the behavior of the diffusion coefficient of a macromolecule in the vicinity of heat-induced transition from folded to unfolded state. We derive the equation that describes the diffusion coefficient of the macromolecule in the vicinity of the transition and use it to fit the experimental data from pulsed-field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) experiments acquired for two globular proteins, lysozyme and RNase A, undergoing temperature-induced unfolding. A very good qualitative agreement between the theoretically derived diffusion coefficient and experimental data is observed.

  4. Interrogating Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples via Exclusion-Based Analyte Extraction.

    PubMed

    Tokar, Jacob J; Warrick, Jay W; Guckenberger, David J; Sperger, Jamie M; Lang, Joshua M; Ferguson, J Scott; Beebe, David J

    2017-06-01

    Although average survival rates for lung cancer have improved, earlier and better diagnosis remains a priority. One promising approach to assisting earlier and safer diagnosis of lung lesions is bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), which provides a sample of lung tissue as well as proteins and immune cells from the vicinity of the lesion, yet diagnostic sensitivity remains a challenge. Reproducible isolation of lung epithelia and multianalyte extraction have the potential to improve diagnostic sensitivity and provide new information for developing personalized therapeutic approaches. We present the use of a recently developed exclusion-based, solid-phase-extraction technique called SLIDE (Sliding Lid for Immobilized Droplet Extraction) to facilitate analysis of BAL samples. We developed a SLIDE protocol for lung epithelial cell extraction and biomarker staining of patient BALs, testing both EpCAM and Trop2 as capture antigens. We characterized captured cells using TTF1 and p40 as immunostaining biomarkers of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. We achieved up to 90% (EpCAM) and 84% (Trop2) extraction efficiency of representative tumor cell lines. We then used the platform to process two patient BAL samples in parallel within the same sample plate to demonstrate feasibility and observed that Trop2-based extraction potentially extracts more target cells than EpCAM-based extraction.

  5. Preliminary report on the Black Thunder, Wyoming CTBT R and D experiment quicklook report: LLNL input from regional stations

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Harben, P.E.; Glenn, L.A.

    This report presents a preliminary summary of the data recorded at three regional seismic stations from surface blasting at the Black Thunder Coal Mine in northeast Wyoming. The regional stations are part of a larger effort that includes many more seismic stations in the immediate vicinity of the mine. The overall purpose of this effort is to characterize the source function and propagation characteristics of large typical surface mine blasts. A detailed study of source and propagation features of conventional surface blasts is a prerequisite to attempts at discriminating this type of blasting activity from other sources of seismic events.more » The Black Thunder Seismic experiment is a joint verification effort to determine seismic source and path effects that result from very large, but routine ripple-fired surface mining blasts. Studies of the data collected will be for the purpose of understanding how the near-field and regional seismic waveforms from these surface mining blasts are similar to, and different from, point shot explosions and explosions at greater depth. The Black Hills Station is a Designated Seismic Station that was constructed for temporary occupancy by the Former Soviet Union seismic verification scientists in accordance with the Threshold Test Ban Treaty protocol.« less

  6. Carriage of Leptospira interrogans among domestic rats from an urban setting highly endemic for leptospirosis in Brazil

    PubMed Central

    de Faria, Marcos Tucunduva; Calderwood, Michael S.; Athanazio, Daniel A.; McBride, Alan J. A.; Hartskeerl, Rudy A.; Pereira, Martha Maria; Ko, Albert I.; Reis, Mitermayer G.

    2008-01-01

    A survey was conducted to identify reservoirs for urban leptospirosis in the city of Salvador, Brazil. Sampling protocols were performed in the vicinity of households of severe leptospirosis cases identified during active hospital-based surveillance. Among a total of 142 captured Rattus norvegicus (Norwegian brown rat), 80.3% had a positive culture isolate from urine or kidney specimens and 68.1% had a positive serum sample by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) titre of ≥1:100. Monoclonal antibody-based typing of isolates identified that the agent carried by rats was L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, which was the same serovar isolated from patients during hospital-based surveillance. Leptospira spp. were not isolated from 8 captured Didelphis marsupialis (Opossum), while 5/7 had a positive MAT titre against a saprophytic serogroup. R. rattus were not captured during the survey. The study findings indicate that the brown rat is a major rodent reservoir for leptospirosis in this urban setting. Furthermore, the high carriage rates of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni in captured rats suggest that there is a significant degree of environmental contamination with this agent in the household environment of high risk areas, which in turn is a cause of transmission during urban epidemics. PMID:18721789

  7. A surface plasmon resonance based biochip for the detection of patulin toxin

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pennacchio, Anna; Ruggiero, Giuseppe; Staiano, Maria; Piccialli, Gennaro; Oliviero, Giorgia; Lewkowicz, Aneta; Synak, Anna; Bojarski, Piotr; D'Auria, Sabato

    2014-08-01

    Patulin is a toxic secondary metabolite of a number of fungal species belonging to the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. One important aspect of the patulin toxicity in vivo is an injury of the gastrointestinal tract including ulceration and inflammation of the stomach and intestine. Recently, patulin has been shown to be genotoxic by causing oxidative damage to the DNA, and oxidative DNA base modifications have been considered to play a role in mutagenesis and cancer initiation. Conventional analytical methods for patulin detection involve chromatographic analyses, such as HPLC, GC, and, more recently, techniques such as LC/MS and GC/MS. All of these methods require the use of extensive protocols and the use of expensive analytical instrumentation. In this work, the conjugation of a new derivative of patulin to the bovine serum albumin for the production of polyclonal antibodies is described, and an innovative competitive immune-assay for detection of patulin is presented. Experimentally, an important part of the detection method is based on the optical technique called surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Laser beam induced interactions between probe and target molecules in the vicinity of gold surface of the biochip lead to the shift in resonance conditions and consequently to slight but easily detectable change of reflectivity.

  8. Carriage of Leptospira interrogans among domestic rats from an urban setting highly endemic for leptospirosis in Brazil.

    PubMed

    de Faria, Marcos Tucunduva; Calderwood, Michael S; Athanazio, Daniel A; McBride, Alan J A; Hartskeerl, Rudy A; Pereira, Martha Maria; Ko, Albert I; Reis, Mitermayer G

    2008-10-01

    A survey was conducted to identify reservoirs for urban leptospirosis in the city of Salvador, Brazil. Sampling protocols were performed in the vicinity of households of severe leptospirosis cases identified during active hospital-based surveillance. Among a total of 142 captured Rattus norvegicus (Norwegian brown rat), 80.3% had a positive culture isolate from urine or kidney specimens and 68.1% had a positive serum sample by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) titre of > or = 1:100. Monoclonal antibody-based typing of isolates identified that the agent carried by rats was Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni, which was the same serovar isolated from patients during hospital-based surveillance. Leptospira spp. were not isolated from 8 captured Didelphis marsupialis (Opossum), while 5/7 had a positive MAT titre against a saprophytic serogroup. R. rattus were not captured during the survey. The study findings indicate that the brown rat is a major rodent reservoir for leptospirosis in this urban setting. Furthermore, the high carriage rates of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni in captured rats suggest that there is a significant degree of environmental contamination with this agent in the household environment of high risk areas, which in turn is a cause of transmission during urban epidemics.

  9. GUARD HOUSE AND SOUTH FIRE HOUSE, VICINITY MAP. (Shows the ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    GUARD HOUSE AND SOUTH FIRE HOUSE, VICINITY MAP. (Shows the Guard House and Barracks, and South Fire House in relation to nearby roads, railroad tracks, and the piers). Navy Yard, Mare Island, California. P.W. Drawing No. C-1899, approved 1941; file no. 930-C-1. Scale one inch to forty feet. 72 cn x 97 cm. Ink on vellum - Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Guard House & Barracks, Railroad Avenue near Eighteenth Street, Vallejo, Solano County, CA

  10. Isolated Sub-Dehumidification Strategies in Large Supermarkets and Grocery Stores

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Fricke, Brian A; Sharma, Vishaldeep

    2011-10-01

    The objective of this project was to determine the potential energy savings associated with reducing the relative humidity in the vicinity of refrigerated display cases in supermarkets, as compared to the widely accepted current practice of maintaining a relatively higher and uniform humidity level throughout the entire supermarket. Existing and new strategies for maintaining lower relative humidity levels near the vicinity of refrigerated display cases were analyzed to determine their effectiveness and limits of application.

  11. Floods on Duck River and Flat, Big Spring, Bomar, and Little Hurricane Creeks and Pettus and Holland Branches and unnamed tributaries to Bomar and Little Hurricane Creeks and Holland Branch in the vicinity of Shelbyville, Tennessee

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    This flood hazard information report describes the extent and severity of the flood potential along selected reaches of the Duck River; Flat, Big Spring, Bomar, and Little Hurricane Creeks; Pettus and Holland Branches; and unnamed tributaries to Bomar and Little Hurricane Creeks and Holland Branch in the vicinity of Shelbyville, Tennessee.

  12. Fine-scale ecological and genetic population structure of two whitefish (Coregoninae) species in the vicinity of industrial thermal emissions

    DOE PAGES

    Graham, Carly F.; Eberts, Rebecca L.; Morgan, Thomas D.; ...

    2016-01-25

    Thermal pollution from industrial processes can have negative impacts on the spawning and development of cold-water fish. Point sources of thermal effluent may need to be managed to avoid affecting discrete populations. Correspondingly, we examined fine-scale ecological and genetic population structure of two whitefish species ( Coregonus clupeaformis and Prosopium cylindraceum) on Lake Huron, Canada, in the immediate vicinity of thermal effluent from nuclear power generation. Niche metrics using δ 13C and δ 15N stable isotopes showed high levels of overlap (48.6 to 94.5%) in resource use by adult fish captured in areas affected by thermal effluent compared to nearbymore » reference locations. Isotopic niche size, a metric of resource use diversity, was 1.3- to 2.8-fold higher than reference values in some thermally affected areas, indicative of fish mixing. Microsatellite analyses of genetic population structure (F st, STRUCTURE and DAPC) indicated that fish captured at all locations in the vicinity of the power plant were part of a larger population extending beyond the study area. In concert, ecological and genetic markers do not support the presence of an evolutionarily significant unit in the vicinity of the power plant. Furthermore, future research should focus on the potential impacts of thermal emissions on development and recruitment.« less

  13. Fine-scale ecological and genetic population structure of two whitefish (Coregoninae) species in the vicinity of industrial thermal emissions

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Graham, Carly F.; Eberts, Rebecca L.; Morgan, Thomas D.

    Thermal pollution from industrial processes can have negative impacts on the spawning and development of cold-water fish. Point sources of thermal effluent may need to be managed to avoid affecting discrete populations. Correspondingly, we examined fine-scale ecological and genetic population structure of two whitefish species ( Coregonus clupeaformis and Prosopium cylindraceum) on Lake Huron, Canada, in the immediate vicinity of thermal effluent from nuclear power generation. Niche metrics using δ 13C and δ 15N stable isotopes showed high levels of overlap (48.6 to 94.5%) in resource use by adult fish captured in areas affected by thermal effluent compared to nearbymore » reference locations. Isotopic niche size, a metric of resource use diversity, was 1.3- to 2.8-fold higher than reference values in some thermally affected areas, indicative of fish mixing. Microsatellite analyses of genetic population structure (F st, STRUCTURE and DAPC) indicated that fish captured at all locations in the vicinity of the power plant were part of a larger population extending beyond the study area. In concert, ecological and genetic markers do not support the presence of an evolutionarily significant unit in the vicinity of the power plant. Furthermore, future research should focus on the potential impacts of thermal emissions on development and recruitment.« less

  14. [The polymorphism and distribution of B chromosomes in germline and somatic cells of Tscherskia triton de Winton (Rodentia, Cricetinae)].

    PubMed

    Borisov, Iu M

    2012-05-01

    The karyotypes of 13 greater long-tailed hamsters (Tscherskia triton de Winton, 1899) (eight males and five females) from Primorskii krai (Russia), including six males and one female from the vicinity of the city of Ussuriisk and two males and four females from the vicinity of the village of Pogranichnyi, have been studied. The karyotypes of five males (four from the vicinity of Ussuriisk and one from the vicinity of Pogranichnyi) have been found to contain one or two small acrocentric B chromosomes each. In males with B chromosomes, each germline cell contains one or two B chromosomes. The proportion of somatic cells carrying B chromosomes varies from 34.9 to 55.9% in these males. Karyological study of a total of 45 Tscherskia triton (30 males and 15 females) from Primorskii krai has been performed, B chromosomes being found in only five males (11.1%). In T. triton populations of Korea and China, also only a few animals have been found to carry one or two B chromosomes. The greater long-tailed hamster belongs to the monotypic genus Tscherskia; the animals described earlier under the names T. (Cricettilus) triton albipes Ognev, 1914 and T. (Cricettilus) triton nestor Thomas, 1907 belong to the only species in the genus, T. triton de Winton, 1899.

  15. Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in the Vicinity of a Tailing Pond in Guangdong, China.

    PubMed

    Liang, Yaya; Yi, Xiaoyun; Dang, Zhi; Wang, Qin; Luo, Houmei; Tang, Jie

    2017-12-12

    The purpose of this study was to assess heavy metal contamination and health risks for residents in the vicinity of a tailing pond in Guangdong, southern China. Water, soil, rice, and vegetable samples were collected from the area in the vicinity of the tailing pond. Results showed that surface water was just polluted by Ni and As, while groundwater was not contaminated by heavy metals. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and As in the paddy soil exceeded the standard values but not those of Cr. In vegetable soils, the concentration of heavy metals was above the standard values except for Ni and As. Soil heavy metal concentrations generally decreased with increasing distance from the polluting source. Leafy vegetables were contaminated by Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni, while the non-leafy vegetables were contaminated only by Cr. There was a significant difference in heavy metal concentrations between leafy vegetables and non-leafy vegetables. Almost all the rice was polluted by heavy metals. Diet was the most significant contributor to non-carcinogenic risk, which was significantly higher than the safe level of 1. The total cancer risk was also beyond the safe range (10 -6 -10 -4 ). Results revealed that there is a risk of potential health problems to residents in the vicinity of the tailing pond.

  16. Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in the Vicinity of a Tailing Pond in Guangdong, China

    PubMed Central

    Liang, Yaya; Yi, Xiaoyun; Dang, Zhi; Wang, Qin; Luo, Houmei; Tang, Jie

    2017-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to assess heavy metal contamination and health risks for residents in the vicinity of a tailing pond in Guangdong, southern China. Water, soil, rice, and vegetable samples were collected from the area in the vicinity of the tailing pond. Results showed that surface water was just polluted by Ni and As, while groundwater was not contaminated by heavy metals. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and As in the paddy soil exceeded the standard values but not those of Cr. In vegetable soils, the concentration of heavy metals was above the standard values except for Ni and As. Soil heavy metal concentrations generally decreased with increasing distance from the polluting source. Leafy vegetables were contaminated by Pb, Cr, Cd, and Ni, while the non-leafy vegetables were contaminated only by Cr. There was a significant difference in heavy metal concentrations between leafy vegetables and non-leafy vegetables. Almost all the rice was polluted by heavy metals. Diet was the most significant contributor to non-carcinogenic risk, which was significantly higher than the safe level of 1. The total cancer risk was also beyond the safe range (10−6–10−4). Results revealed that there is a risk of potential health problems to residents in the vicinity of the tailing pond. PMID:29231884

  17. Unstable vicinal crystal growth from cellular automata

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Krasteva, A.; Popova, H.; KrzyŻewski, F.; Załuska-Kotur, M.; Tonchev, V.

    2016-03-01

    In order to study the unstable step motion on vicinal crystal surfaces we devise vicinal Cellular Automata. Each cell from the colony has value equal to its height in the vicinal, initially the steps are regularly distributed. Another array keeps the adatoms, initially distributed randomly over the surface. The growth rule defines that each adatom at right nearest neighbor position to a (multi-) step attaches to it. The update of whole colony is performed at once and then time increases. This execution of the growth rule is followed by compensation of the consumed particles and by diffusional update(s) of the adatom population. Two principal sources of instability are employed - biased diffusion and infinite inverse Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier (iiSE). Since these factors are not opposed by step-step repulsion the formation of multi-steps is observed but in general the step bunches preserve a finite width. We monitor the developing surface patterns and quantify the observations by scaling laws with focus on the eventual transition from diffusion-limited to kinetics-limited phenomenon. The time-scaling exponent of the bunch size N is 1/2 for the case of biased diffusion and 1/3 for the case of iiSE. Additional distinction is possible based on the time-scaling exponents of the sizes of multi-step Nmulti, these are 0.36÷0.4 (for biased diffusion) and 1/4 (iiSE).

  18. Detection of nitro-based and peroxide-based explosives by fast polarity-switchable ion mobility spectrometer with ion focusing in vicinity of Faraday detector.

    PubMed

    Zhou, Qinghua; Peng, Liying; Jiang, Dandan; Wang, Xin; Wang, Haiyan; Li, Haiyang

    2015-05-29

    Ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) has been widely deployed for on-site detection of explosives. The common nitro-based explosives are usually detected by negative IMS while the emerging peroxide-based explosives are better detected by positive IMS. In this study, a fast polarity-switchable IMS was constructed to detect these two explosive species in a single measurement. As the large traditional Faraday detector would cause a trailing reactant ion peak (RIP), a Faraday detector with ion focusing in vicinity was developed by reducing the detector radius to 3.3 mm and increasing the voltage difference between aperture grid and its front guard ring to 591 V, which could remove trailing peaks from RIP without loss of signal intensity. This fast polarity-switchable IMS with ion focusing in vicinity of Faraday detector was employed to detect a mixture of 10 ng 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 50 ng hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) by polarity-switching, and the result suggested that [TNT-H](-) and [HMTD+H](+) could be detected in a single measurement. Furthermore, the removal of trailing peaks from RIP by the Faraday detector with ion focusing in vicinity also promised the accurate identification of KClO4, KNO3 and S in common inorganic explosives, whose product ion peaks were fairly adjacent to RIP.

  19. Persistent distress after psychological exposure to the Nagasaki atomic bomb explosion.

    PubMed

    Kim, Yoshiharu; Tsutsumi, Atsuro; Izutsu, Takashi; Kawamura, Noriyuki; Miyazaki, Takao; Kikkawa, Takehiko

    2011-11-01

    Although there is speculation that individuals living in the vicinity of nuclear disasters have persistent mental health deterioration due to psychological stress, few attempts have been made to examine this issue. To determine whether having been in the vicinity of the Nagasaki atomic bomb explosion in the absence of substantial exposure to radiation affected the mental health of local inhabitants more than half a century later. Participants were randomly recruited from individuals who lived in the vicinity of the atomic bomb explosion in uncontaminated suburbs of Nagasaki. This sample (n = 347) was stratified by gender, age, perception of the explosion and current district of residence. Controls (n = 288) were recruited from among individuals who had moved into the area from outside Nagasaki 5-15 years after the bombing, matched for gender, age and district of residence. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of those at high risk of mental disorder based on the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire, with a cut-off point of 5/6. Other parameters related to individual perception of the explosion, health status, life events and habits were also assessed. Having been in the vicinity of the explosion was the most significant factor (OR = 5.26, 95% CI 2.56-11.11) contributing to poorer mental health; erroneous knowledge of radiological hazard showed a mild association. In the sample group, anxiety after learning of the potential radiological hazard was significantly correlated with poor mental health (P<0.05), whereas anxiety about the explosion, or the degree of perception of it, was not; 74.5% of the sample group believed erroneously that the flash of the explosion was synonymous with radiation. Having been in the vicinity of the atomic bomb explosion without radiological exposure continued to be associated with poorer mental health more than half a century after the event. Fear on learning about the potential radiological hazard and lack of knowledge about radiological risk are responsible for this association.

  20. Distribution of artificial gamma-ray emitting radionuclide activity concentration in the top soil in the vicinity of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant and other regions in Lithuania.

    PubMed

    Lukšienė, Benedikta; Marčiulionienė, Danutė; Rožkov, Andrej; Gudelis, Arūnas; Holm, Elis; Galvonaitė, Audronė

    2012-11-15

    The impact of the operating Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) on the contamination of top soil layer with artificial radionuclides has been studied. Results of the investigation of artificial gamma-ray emitting radionuclide distribution in soil in the vicinity of the INPP and distant regions in Lithuania in 1996-2008 (INPP operational period) show that nowadays (137)Cs remains the most important artificial gamma-ray emitting radionuclide in the upper soil layer. Mean (137)Cs activity concentrations in the top soil layer in the vicinity of the INPP were found to be significantly lower compared to those in remote regions of Varėna and Plungė (~300 km from INPP). In 1996 and 1998 mean (137)Cs activity concentrations were in the range of 28-45 Bq/kg in the nearest vicinity to the INPP, 103 Bq/kg in Varėna and 340 Bq/kg in Plungė region. (137)Cs activity concentrations were 5-20 times lower in meadow soil (4-14 Bq/kg) compared to swamp and forest soil. (60)Co, the INPP origin radionuclide, was detected in samples only in 1996 and 2000, and the activity concentration of (60)Co was found to be in the range from 0.4 to 7.0 Bq/kg at the sampling ground nearest to the INPP. Average annual activity concentrations of the INPP origin (137)Cs and (60)Co in the air and depositions in the INPP region were modeled using Pasquill-Gifford equations. The modeling results of (137)Cs and (60)Co depositional load in the INPP vicinity agree with the experimentally obtained values. Our results provide the evidence that the operation of INPP did not cause any significant contamination in soil surface. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. [Electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of DECT cordless telephones and mobile phones].

    PubMed

    Mamrot, Paweł; Mariańska, Magda; Aniołczyk, Halina; Politański, Piotr

    2015-01-01

    Mobile telephones belong to the most frequently used personal devices. In their surroundings they produce the electromagnetic field (EMF), in which exposure range there are not only users but also nearby bystanders. The aim of the investigations and EMF measurements in the vicinity of phones was to identify the electric field levels with regard to various working modes. Twelve sets of DECT (digital enhanced cordless telecommunications) cordless phones (12 base units and 15 handsets), 21 mobile telephones produced by different manufactures, and 16 smartphones in various applications, (including multimedia) in the conditions of daily use in living rooms were measured. Measurements were taken using the point method in predetermined distances of 0.05-1 m from the devices without the presence of users. In the vicinity of DECT cordless phone handsets, electric field strength ranged from 0.26 to 2.30 V/m in the distance of 0.05 m - 0.18-0.26 V/m (1 m). In surroundings of DECT cordless telephones base units the values of EMF were from 1.78-5.44 V/m (0.05 m) to 0.19- 0.41 V/m (1 m). In the vicinity of mobile phones working in GSM mode with voice transmission, the electric field strength ranged from 2.34-9.14 V/m (0.05 m) to 0.18-0.47 V/m (1 m) while in the vicinity of mobile phones working in WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) mode the electric field strength ranged from 0.22-1.83 V/m (0.05 m) to 0.18-0.20 V/m (1 m). The mean values of the electric field strength for each group of devices, mobile phones and DECT wireless phones sets do not exceed the reference value of 7 V/m, adopted as the limit for general public exposure. This work is available in Open Access model and licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 PL license.

  2. Altitude of the water table in the alluvial and Wilcox aquifers in the vicinity of Richland and Tehuacana creeks and the Trinity River, Texas, December 1979

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Garza, Sergio

    1980-01-01

    This map shows the altitude of the water table in the alluvial and Wilcox aquifers in the vicinity of Richland and Tehuacana Creeks and the Trinity River, Tex., in December 1979. The water-table contours were constructed on the basis of water-level control derived from an inventory of shallow wells in the area, topographic maps, and field locations of numerous small springs and seeps. (USGS)

  3. Terrestrial flora and fauna in the vicinity of the Delmarva power and light station and proposed expansion site. Special report

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Van Deusen, M.; Otto, R.G.

    1980-04-01

    The results of field surveys of the terrestrial vegetation, birds and mammals in the vicinity of the Delmarva Power and Light Company Vienna Steam Electric Station and proposed expansion area in Dorchester County, Maryland are presented. Four major habitats were identified: forest, oldfield, marsh and cultivated land. Qualitative surveys of flora and fauna were conducted to determine species present. Commercially important waterfowl, upland game birds and mammals and furbearers are discussed.

  4. Chiral behaviour of the wave functions for three wave guides in the vicinity of an exceptional point of third order

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heiss, Walter Dieter; Wunner, Günter

    2017-12-01

    A matrix model that has been used to describe essential features of a parity-time symmetric set-up of three coupled wave guides is investigated. The emphasis of the study lies on the occurrence of an exceptional point of third order. It is demonstrated that the eigenfunctions in close vicinity of the exceptional point have a distinctive chiral behaviour. Using data describing realistic situations it is argued that such chiral behaviour can be tested experimentally.

  5. Self-assembly of heterogeneous supramolecular structures with uniaxial anisotropy.

    PubMed

    Ruiz-Osés, M; Gonzalez-Lakunza, N; Silanes, I; Gourdon, A; Arnau, A; Ortega, J E

    2006-12-28

    Uniaxial anisotropy in two-dimensional self-assembled supramolecular structures is achieved by the coadsorption of two different linear molecules with complementary amine and imide functionalization. The two-dimensional monolayer is defined by a one-dimensional stack of binary chains, which can be forced to line up along steps in vicinal surfaces. The competing driving forces in the self-organization process are discussed in light of the structures observed during single molecule adsorption and coadsorption on flat and vicinal surfaces and the corresponding theoretical calculations.

  6. CO oxidation on stepped-Pt(111) under electrochemical conditions: insights from theory and experiment.

    PubMed

    Busó-Rogero, C; Herrero, E; Bandlow, J; Comas-Vives, A; Jacob, Timo

    2013-11-14

    The co-adsorption of CO and OH on two Pt stepped surfaces vicinal to the (111) orientation has been evaluated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Focusing on Pt(533) and Pt(221), which contain (100) and (111)-steps, respectively, we find that (111)-steps should be more reactive towards CO oxidation than surfaces containing (100)-steps. The DFT results are compared with electrochemical experiments on the CO adsorption and oxidation on these vicinal surfaces.

  7. Evaluating Long-Term Impacts of Soil-Mixing Source-Zone Treatment using Cryogenic Core Collection

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-06-01

    to (a) coring equipment freezing downhole, (b) freezing or binding of the core sample in barrel, and ( c ) running out of LN in the vicinity of sampling...encountered due to (a) coring equipment freezing downhole, (b) freezing or binding of the core sample in barrel, and ( c ) running out of LN in the...equipment freezing downhole, (b) freezing or binding of the core sample in barrel, and ( c ) running out of LN in the vicinity of sampling. Downhole

  8. The sign of the four-bond FH coupling in methoxyflurane

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Balonga, P. E.; Kowalewski, V. J.; Contreras, R. H.

    The methoxyflurane NMR spectrum was reexamined looking for a through-space transmitted four-bond FH coupling. This coupling was measured and its sign determined relative to the corresponding vicinal FH coupling. This sign determination required a triple irradiation technique, which is also described. A K ARPLUS-like equation for the vicinal FH couplings yields the relative populations of both preferential conformers, and determines the positive sign of both three- and four-bond FH couplings.

  9. Stress-strain state of a rock mass in the vicinity of the meeting point of intersecting and branching workings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Konstantinova, S.A.; Spirkov, V.L.; Sokolov, V.Yu.

    1987-07-01

    The results of solving the problems of the stress-strain state of peripheral rock in the vicinity of the meeting point of two workings of intersection and branching type are presented. Values of the load coefficients are obtained, as well as values of the dimensions of the zone of influence of the meeting point and the conventional zone of inelastic deformations. Intersection and branching of workings at various angles are considered.

  10. Effect of electromagnetic field on Kordylewski clouds formation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Salnikova, Tatiana; Stepanov, Sergey

    2018-05-01

    In previous papers the authors suggest a clarification of the phenomenon of appearance-disappearance of Kordylewski clouds - accumulation of cosmic dust mass in the vicinity of the triangle libration points of the Earth-Moon system. Under gravi-tational and light perturbation of the Sun the triangle libration points aren't the points of relative equilibrium. However, there exist the stable periodic motion of the particles, surrounding every of the triangle libration points. Due to this fact we can consider a probabilistic model of the dust clouds formation. These clouds move along the periodical orbits in small vicinity of the point of periodical orbit. To continue this research we suggest a mathematical model to investigate also the electromagnetic influences, arising under consideration of the charged dust particles in the vicinity of the triangle libration points of the Earth-Moon system. In this model we take under consideration the self-unduced force field within the set of charged particles, the probability distribution density evolves according to the Vlasov equation.

  11. Impact of aircraft emissions on air quality in the vicinity of airports. Volume I. Recent airport measurement programs, data analyses, and sub-model development. Final report Jan78-Jul 80

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Yamartino, R.J.; Smith, D.G.; Bremer, S.A.

    1980-07-01

    This report documents the results of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)/Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) air quality study which has been conducted to assess the impact of aircraft emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in the vicinity of airports. This assessment includes the results of recent modeling and monitoring efforts at Washington National (DCA), Los Angeles International (LAX), Dulles International (IAD), and Lakeland, Florida airports and an updated modeling of aircraft generated pollution at LAX, John F. Kennedy (JFK) and Chicago O'Hare (ORD) airports. The Airport Vicinity Air Pollution (AVAP) model which was designed formore » use at civil airports was used in this assessment. In addition the results of the application of the military version of the AVAP model the Air Quality Assessment Model (AQAM), are summarized.« less

  12. Static and dynamic dielectric properties of strongly polar liquids in the vicinity of first order and weakly first order phase transitions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jadżyn, Jan; Czechowski, Grzegorz; Legrand, Christian; Douali, Redouane

    2003-04-01

    The paper presents the results of measurements of the linear dielectric properties of the compounds from the homologous series of alkylcyanobiphenyls (CnH2n+1PhPhCN, nCB) in the vicinity of the first order transition (from the isotropic liquid to the crystalline phase) of nonmesogenic nCB’s (n=2 4) and the weakly first order transition (from the isotropic liquid to the nematic phase) of 5CB. The experimental method for the separation of the critical part of the static permittivity derivative and the activation energy for rotation of the mesogenic molecules, in the vicinity of weakly first order phase transition, is proposed. It is shown that the critical temperature dependence of the permittivity and the activation energy can be described with a function of (T-T*)-α type, with the same values of the temperature of virtual transition of the second order (T*) and the critical exponent (α).

  13. Numerous Sinusoidal and Other EMF Phenomena, At Present and Former Native American Sites, May Be Superimposing Themselves onto Regional Power Grids.

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cadran, Lawrence R.; Mc Leod, Roger D.; Mc Leod, David M.

    2003-10-01

    Periodic electromagnetic field signals (EMF), sometimes noticeable as faint blue-light or other phenomena, frequently are also detected at sites associated with Native Americans. We first noticed this sort of information in the vicinity of Wendell, MA about fourteen years ago. Similar and other signals are apparent at Americas Stonehenge, AS, in North Salem, NH. Connecticut provided our first evidence of superposition of two such waves at the Gungywamp site north of Groton, CT. A Maine location first showed orthogonally oriented trajectories in neighborhoods formerly frequented by Molocket and Metallak and their relatives near Rumford and Rangeley, ME. Florida exhibits similar signals in the vicinity of Hollywood and at Miamis Tequesta instrument, as does a separate site in CT. Powerful thunderstorms in the vicinity of a stone serpent effigy in Ohio cause EMF pulsations. Such signals are possibly superimposing themselves onto power-grids, where frequency changes and system instabilities may occur, according to the elementary physics involved.

  14. Misoriented grain boundaries vicinal to the (1 1 1) <1 1¯0> twin in nickel Part I: Thermodynamics & temperature-dependent structure

    DOE PAGES

    O’Brien, Christopher J.; Medlin, Douglas L.; Foiles, Stephen M.

    2016-03-30

    Here, grain boundary-engineered materials are of immense interest for their corrosion resistance, fracture resistance and microstructural stability. This work contributes to a larger goal of understanding both the structure and thermodynamic properties of grain boundaries vicinal (within ±30°) to the Σ3(1 1 1) <1 1¯0> (coherent twin) boundary which is found in grain boundary-engineered materials. The misoriented boundaries vicinal to the twin show structural changes at elevated temperatures. In the case of nickel, this transition temperature is substantially below the melting point and at temperatures commonly reached during processing, making the existence of such boundaries very likely in applications. Thus,more » the thermodynamic stability of such features is thoroughly investigated in order to predict and fully understand the structure of boundaries vicinal to twins. Low misorientation angle grain boundaries (|θ| ≲ 16°) show distinct ±1/3(1 1 1) disconnections which accommodate misorientation in opposite senses. The two types of disconnection have differing low-temperature structures which show different temperature-dependent behaviours with one type undergoing a structural transition at approximately 600 K. At misorientation angles greater than approximately ±16°, the discrete disconnection nature is lost as the disconnections merge into one another. Free energy calculations demonstrate that these high-angle boundaries, which exhibit a transition from a planar to a faceted structure, are thermodynamically more stable in the faceted configuration.« less

  15. Investigation of scour adjacent to submerged geotextiles used for shore protection

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gorton, Alicia M.; Herrington, Thomas O.; Smith, Ernest R.

    This study presents the results of an experimental investigation of morphology change in the vicinity of submerged geotextiles placed within the surf zone. The study was motivated by the emerging use of submerged geotextile tubes for shore protection, shoreline stabilization, and surf amenity enhancement and the need to understand the mechanisms responsible for scour in the vicinity of these structures to preserve their structural integrity and reduce their structural failure. A movable bed physical model experiment was conducted at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center’s Large-scale Sediment Transport Facility (LSTF) to develop empirical formulations to predict the meanmore » scour depth adjacent to geotextiles under oblique wave-breaking conditions as a function of the maximum Keulegan-Carpenter, Shields, and Reynolds numbers. The observed scour in the vicinity of the geotextiles was also compared to a previous study of scour in the vicinity of submerged cylinders. Formulations developed by Cataño-Lopera and García (2006) relating the Keulegan-Carpenter, Shields, and Reynolds numbers to the scour depth were used to predict the scour observed during the LSTF experiment. Results show that the formulations of Cataño-Lopera and García (2006) over-predict the observed scour when calculated using the maximum Keulegan-Carpenter, Shields, and Reynolds numbers. New, modified expressions of Cataño-Lopera and García (2006) were developed for use in oblique random wave fields.« less

  16. Influence of substrate misorientation on the photoluminescence and structural properties of InGaAs/GaAsP multiple quantum wells

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dong, Hailiang; Sun, Jing; Ma, Shufang; Liang, Jian; Lu, Taiping; Liu, Xuguang; Xu, Bingshe

    2016-03-01

    InGaAs/GaAsP multiple quantum wells (MQWs) were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on vicinal GaAs (001) substrates with different miscut angles of 0°, 2° and 15° towards [110]. The crystal structures of InGaAs/GaAsP were characterized by high-resolution X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The surface morphologies of InGaAs/GaAsP MQWs were observed by atomic force microscopy. The mechanisms for step flow, step bunching and pyramid growth on 0°, 2° and 15° misoriented substrates were discussed. The results provide a comprehensive phenomenological understanding of the self-ordering mechanism of vicinal GaAs substrates, which could be harnessed for designing the quantum optical properties of low-dimensional systems. From low-temperature photoluminescence, it was observed that the luminescence from the MQWs grown on a vicinal surface exhibits a red-shift with respect to the 0° case. An extra emission was observed from the 2° and 15° off samples, indicating the characteristics of quantum wire and pyramidal self-controlled quantum-dot systems, respectively. Its absence from the PL spectrum on 0° surfaces indicates that indium segregation is modified on the surfaces. The relationship between InGaAs/GaAsP MQWs grown on vicinal substrates and their optical and structural properties was explained, which provides a technological basis for obtaining different self-controlled nanostructures.

  17. Theoretical analysis of the influence of chelate-ring size and vicinal effects on electronic circular dichroism spectra of cobalt(III) EDDA-type complexes.

    PubMed

    Wang, Ai; Wang, Yuekui; Jia, Jie; Feng, Lixia; Zhang, Chunxia; Liu, Linlin

    2013-06-20

    To assess the contributions of configurational and vicinal effects as well as chelate-ring size to rotational strengths, the geometries of a series of cobalt(III) complexes [Co(EDDA-type)(L)](±) with the tetradentate EDDA-type ligands, EDDA (ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetate), DMEDDA (N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetate), DEEDDA (N,N'-diethylethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetate), and a bidentate ancillary ligand L (L = ethylenediamine, oxalate, carbonate, (S)-alanine, and malonate) in aqueous solution have been optimized at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level of theory. Based on the optimized geometries, the excitation energies and oscillator and rotational strengths have been calculated using the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method with the same functional and basis set. The calculated circular dichroism (CD) curves are in excellent agreement with the observed ones except for some small red or blue shifts in peak wavelengths. For the influence of chelate-ring size of the bidentate ligands on the CD intensities, a qualitative analysis together with the quantitative TDDFT calculation reveal that it depends on the symmetry of the cobalt-EDDA backbone. For the s-cis-isomers, the influence is negligible due to the perturbation is symmetric. For the uns-cis-isomers, the perturbation is unsymmetric. Since a small ring size means a large perturbation, this leads to the integral CD intensities decreasing with increasing the chelate ring size. The vicinal effects of asymmetric nitrogens incorporate both the substitutent effects and conformational relaxation effects, with the former being dominant. By analyzing the contributions of chiral arrays to rotational strengths, we found that the part of contributions dominated by the S-type chiral nitrogens could be considered as a good measure for the vicinal effects of chiral nitrogens. In addition, we found that the twist form (δ/λ) of the backbone ethylenediamine ring (E-ring) of the coordinated EDDA-type ligands is a key factor to understand the properties of these chelates, because it not only dominates the relative stabilities of the s-cis-Λ(SS)-diastereoisomers with the result that λ > δ but also affects the major CD band by changing the order of the first two transitions. Moreover, the twist angle of E-ring is inversely related to the vicinal effect of chiral nitrogens. These findings may help us to understand the chelate ring size as well as vicinal effect related chiroptical phenomenon of the cobalt EDDA-type chelates.

  18. Finite-element modeling and micromagnetic modeling of perpendicular writers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heinonen, Olle; Bozeman, Steven P.

    2006-04-01

    We compare finite-element modeling (FEM) and fully micromagnetic modeling results of four prototypical writers for perpendicular recording. In general, the agreement between the two models is quite good in the vicinity of saturated or near-saturated magnetic material, such as the pole tip, for quantities such as the magnetic field, the gradient of the magnetic field and the write width. However, in the vicinity of magnetic material far from saturation, e.g., return pole or trailing edge write shield, there can be large qualitative and quantitative differences.

  19. The impact of overhead lines for employees with stents

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Syrek, P.; Skowron, M.

    2017-05-01

    The aim of article is to discuss interaction between stents implanted in the body of worker and harmonic magnetic field in the vicinity of electric wires. In last decades, a growing proportion of people has any devices implanted, to list: cardiac pacemakers, cardioverter - defibrillators. Recommendations of International Commision on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), and resctrictions imposed in different states, may exlude specific individuals from their duties. The autors focused on the situation, when the employee with stent, works in the immediate vicinity of overhead electric wires, cleaning with dry ice the electric insulators.

  20. CART Raman Lidar Aerosol and Water Vapor Measurements in the Vicinity of Clouds

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Clayton, Marian B.; Ferrare, Richard A.; Turner, David; Newsom, Rob; Sivaraman, Chitra

    2008-01-01

    Aerosol and water vapor profiles acquired by the Raman lidar instrument located at the Climate Research Facility (CRF) at Southern Great Plains (SGP) provide data necessary to investigate the atmospheric variability in the vicinity of clouds near the top of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Recent CARL upgrades and modifications to the routine processing algorithms afforded the necessarily high temporal and vertical data resolutions for these investigations. CARL measurements are used to investigate the behavior of aerosol backscattering and extinction and their correlation with water vapor and relative humidity.

  1. Relativistic theory for picosecond time transfer in the vicinity of Earth

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Petit, G.; Wolf, P.

    1994-01-01

    The problem of light propagation is treated in a geocentric reference system with the goal of ensuring picosecond accuracy for time transfer techniques using electromagnetic signals in the vicinity of the Earth. We give an explicit formula for a one way time transfer, to be applied when the spatial coordinates of the time transfer stations are known in a geocentric reference system rotating with the Earth. This expression is extended, at the same accuracy level of one picosecond, to the special cases of two way and LASSO time transfers via geostationary satellites.

  2. Nonlinear dynamics of a semiquantum Hamiltonian in the vicinity of quantum unstable regimes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kowalski, A. M.; Rossignoli, R.

    2018-04-01

    We examine the emergence of chaos in a non-linear model derived from a semiquantum Hamiltonian describing the coupling between a classical field and a quantum system. The latter corresponds to a bosonic version of a BCS-like Hamiltonian, and possesses stable and unstable regimes. The dynamics of the whole system is shown to be strongly influenced by the quantum subsystem. In particular, chaos is seen to arise in the vicinity of a quantum critical case, which separates the stable and unstable regimes of the bosonic system.

  3. Vertical Windshear Below 5.5 Kilometers in the Vicinity of Berlin, Germany.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-08-01

    DIRECTORATE- L LEVITT ET AL . UNCL~ASSFE UG 66 AMSMI/TR-RD-RE-96-9 SBIAD-E951 031 F/G 4/2 N smmmmhhhhhm moommhmhhhuo im -~ L L0 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST...AD-RI82 432 VERTICAL NINDSHEAR BELOW 55 KILOMETERS IN THE VICINITY 1/1 OF BERLIN GERMANY..(U) ARMY MISSILE COMMAND REDSTONE ARSENAL AL RESEARCH...ADDRESS (City, State, an ZIP Code) 7b ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Comunder US Army Missile Coeypini ATTN4: AISMI-RO-RE Redstone Arsenal,* AL 35898

  4. Study on JAXA elements for international lunar vicinity mission

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Imada, Takane; Sato, Naoki

    2014-11-01

    JAXA has commenced technical research for contributing as a part of international partnership for the space exploration in Lunar vicinity. One of the candidates is the cargo transport mission with the combination of Cryogenic Propulsion Stage(s) (CPS) and a transfer vehicle derived from Japanese un-manned vehicle used for ISS. The CPS needs advanced technologies to keep the propellant for long mission duration and they will be useful in further missions beyond moon. This paper reports the profile of the mission, vehicle configurations, and the transport capabilities.

  5. Atomistic insight into the adsorption site selectivity of stepped Au(111) surfaces

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gaspari, Roberto; Pignedoli, Carlo A.; Fasel, Roman; Treier, Matthias; Passerone, Daniele

    2010-07-01

    Using classical and ab initio simulations, we study the interplay between the Au(111) surface reconstruction and monoatomic steps on a vicinal face. The experimentally observed discommensuration line patterns on a specific vicinal are reproduced and explained, and a complete description of the structure is given. An unusual atomic arrangement is shown to be responsible for the lower reactivity of hcp segments of step edges compared to the one of fcc segments. Our results provide an unprecedented understanding of the electronic and geometric properties of the complex Au(111) surface.

  6. Improved coordinates of features in the vicinity of the Viking lander site on Mars

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Davies, M. E.; Dole, S. H.

    1980-01-01

    The measurement of longitude of the Viking 1 landing site and the accuracy of the coordinates of features in the area around the landing site are discussed. The longitude must be measured photogrammatically from the small crater, Airy 0, which defines the 0 deg meridian on Mars. The computer program, GIANT, which was used to perform the analytical triangulations, and the photogrammetric computation of the longitude of the Viking 1 lander site are described. Improved coordinates of features in the vicinity of the Viking 1 lander site are presented.

  7. Problem of gas accretion on a gravitational center

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ladygin, V. A.

    1980-01-01

    A method of the approximated solution of the problem of accretion on a rapidly moving gravitational center is developed. This solution is obtained in the vicinity of the axis of symmetry in the region of the potential flow. The solution of the problem of stationary gas accretion on a moving gravitational center simulates the movement of a substance in interstellar space in the vicinity of a black hole. A detailed picture of gas accretion on a black hole is of interest in connection with the problem of observation of black holes.

  8. Floods on Duck and Little Duck Rivers and Grindstone Hollow, Hunt, Hickory Flat, and Wolf Creeks in the vicinity of Manchester, Tennessee. [Duck River; Little Duck River

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    This flood hazard report describes the extent and severity of the flood potential along selected reaches of the Duck and Little Duck Rivers, and Grindstone Hollow, Hunt, Hickory Flat, and Wolf Creeks in the vicinity of Manchester, Tennessee. The report was prepared by TVA as a result of a request from the city of Manchester for TVA technical assistance in evaluating alternative solutions to local flood problems. 5 references, 12 figures, 12 tables.

  9. Entanglement detection in the vicinity of arbitrary Dicke states.

    PubMed

    Duan, L-M

    2011-10-28

    Dicke states represent a class of multipartite entangled states that can be generated experimentally with many applications in quantum information. We propose a method to experimentally detect genuine multipartite entanglement in the vicinity of arbitrary Dicke states. The detection scheme can be used to experimentally quantify the entanglement depth of many-body systems and is easy to implement as it requires measurement of only three collective spin operators. The detection criterion is strong as it heralds multipartite entanglement even in cases where the state fidelity goes down exponentially with the number of qubits.

  10. Planetary sample rapid recovery and handling

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1985-01-01

    Methods for recovering and cost effectively handling planetary samples following return to the vicinity of Earth were designed for planetary mission planners. Three topics are addressed: (1) a rough cost estimate was produced for each of a series of options for the handling of planetary samples following their return to the vicinity of Earth; (2) the difficulty of quickly retrieving planetary samples from low circular and high elliptical Earth orbit is assessed; and (3) a conceptual design for a biological isolation and thermal control system for the returned sample and spacecraft is developed.

  11. Flood of August 31-September 1, 1978, in Crosswicks Creek basin and vicinity, central New Jersey

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Vickers, Arthur A.

    1980-01-01

    A thunderstorm during the evening of August 31, 1978, caused flooding in a small area of south central New Jersey. Maximum peaks of record occurred on the upper Crosswicks Creek basin in the vicinity of Fort Dix, Wrightstown, and New Egypt. At New Egypt, high water crest elevations for Crosswicks Creek were approximately 4 feet higher than the previous maximum recorded on August 28, 1971. Total damages were in excess of 2 million dollars, with 70 houses and 14 businesses affected.

  12. SALMON RIVER BREAKS PRIMITIVE AREA AND VICINITY, IDAHO.

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Kiilsgaard, Thor H.; Tuchek, Ernest T.

    1984-01-01

    A mineral survey of the Salmon River Breaks Primitive Area and vicinity in Idaho confirmed a substantiated gold resource potential in placer deposits along the Salmon River but determined that large-scale mining of the deposits probably would not be feasible. Except for demonstrated fluorspar resources at the Big Squaw Creek deposit, no other mineral resources were found in the area. The geologic environment, geochemical findings, and geophysical data all suggest little likelihood for the occurrence of additional mineral resources in the area. No energy resources were identified in this study.

  13. Cancer mortality in towns in the vicinity of incinerators and installations for the recovery or disposal of hazardous waste.

    PubMed

    García-Pérez, Javier; Fernández-Navarro, Pablo; Castelló, Adela; López-Cima, María Felicitas; Ramis, Rebeca; Boldo, Elena; López-Abente, Gonzalo

    2013-01-01

    Waste treatment plants release toxic emissions into the environment which affect neighboring towns. To investigate whether there might be excess cancer mortality in towns situated in the vicinity of Spanish-based incinerators and installations for the recovery or disposal of hazardous waste, according to the different categories of industrial activity. An ecologic study was designed to examine municipal mortality due to 33 types of cancer, across the period 1997-2006. Population exposure to pollution was estimated on the basis of distance from town of residence to pollution source. Using Besag-York-Mollié (BYM) regression models with Integrated Nested Laplace approximations for Bayesian inference, and Mixed Poisson regression models, we assessed the risk of dying from cancer in a 5-kilometer zone around installations, analyzed the effect of category of industrial activity, and conducted individual analyses within a 50-kilometer radius of each installation. Excess cancer mortality (BYM model: relative risk, 95% credible interval) was detected in the total population residing in the vicinity of these installations as a whole (1.06, 1.04-1.09), and, principally, in the vicinity of incinerators (1.09, 1.01-1.18) and scrap metal/end-of-life vehicle handling facilities, in particular (1.04, 1.00-1.09). Special mention should be made of the results for tumors of the pleura (1.71, 1.34-2.14), stomach (1.18, 1.10-1.27), liver (1.18, 1.06-1.30), kidney (1.14, 1.04-1.23), ovary (1.14, 1.05-1.23), lung (1.10, 1.05-1.15), leukemia (1.10, 1.03-1.17), colon-rectum (1.08, 1.03-1.13) and bladder (1.08, 1.01-1.16) in the vicinity of all such installations. Our results support the hypothesis of a statistically significant increase in the risk of dying from cancer in towns near incinerators and installations for the recovery or disposal of hazardous waste. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. The evaluation of the earthquake hazard using the exponential distribution method for different seismic source regions in and around Ağrı

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bayrak, Yusuf, E-mail: ybayrak@agri.edu.tr; Türker, Tuğba, E-mail: tturker@ktu.edu.tr

    The aim of this study; were determined of the earthquake hazard using the exponential distribution method for different seismic sources of the Ağrı and vicinity. A homogeneous earthquake catalog has been examined for 1900-2015 (the instrumental period) with 456 earthquake data for Ağrı and vicinity. Catalog; Bogazici University Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (Burke), National Earthquake Monitoring Center (NEMC), TUBITAK, TURKNET the International Seismological Center (ISC), Seismological Research Institute (IRIS) has been created using different catalogs like. Ağrı and vicinity are divided into 7 different seismic source regions with epicenter distribution of formed earthquakes in the instrumental period, focalmore » mechanism solutions, and existing tectonic structures. In the study, the average magnitude value are calculated according to the specified magnitude ranges for 7 different seismic source region. According to the estimated calculations for 7 different seismic source regions, the biggest difference corresponding with the classes of determined magnitudes between observed and expected cumulative probabilities are determined. The recurrence period and earthquake occurrence number per year are estimated of occurring earthquakes in the Ağrı and vicinity. As a result, 7 different seismic source regions are determined occurrence probabilities of an earthquake 3.2 magnitude, Region 1 was greater than 6.7 magnitude, Region 2 was greater than than 4.7 magnitude, Region 3 was greater than 5.2 magnitude, Region 4 was greater than 6.2 magnitude, Region 5 was greater than 5.7 magnitude, Region 6 was greater than 7.2 magnitude, Region 7 was greater than 6.2 magnitude. The highest observed magnitude 7 different seismic source regions of Ağrı and vicinity are estimated 7 magnitude in Region 6. Region 6 are determined according to determining magnitudes, occurrence years of earthquakes in the future years, respectively, 7.2 magnitude was in 158 years, 6.7 magnitude was in 70 years, 6.2 magnitude was in 31 years, 5.7 magnitude was in 13 years, 5.2 magnitude was in 6 years.« less

  15. The evaluation of the earthquake hazard using the exponential distribution method for different seismic source regions in and around Aǧrı

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bayrak, Yusuf; Türker, Tuǧba

    2016-04-01

    The aim of this study; were determined of the earthquake hazard using the exponential distribution method for different seismic sources of the Aǧrı and vicinity. A homogeneous earthquake catalog has been examined for 1900-2015 (the instrumental period) with 456 earthquake data for Aǧrı and vicinity. Catalog; Bogazici University Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (Burke), National Earthquake Monitoring Center (NEMC), TUBITAK, TURKNET the International Seismological Center (ISC), Seismological Research Institute (IRIS) has been created using different catalogs like. Aǧrı and vicinity are divided into 7 different seismic source regions with epicenter distribution of formed earthquakes in the instrumental period, focal mechanism solutions, and existing tectonic structures. In the study, the average magnitude value are calculated according to the specified magnitude ranges for 7 different seismic source region. According to the estimated calculations for 7 different seismic source regions, the biggest difference corresponding with the classes of determined magnitudes between observed and expected cumulative probabilities are determined. The recurrence period and earthquake occurrence number per year are estimated of occurring earthquakes in the Aǧrı and vicinity. As a result, 7 different seismic source regions are determined occurrence probabilities of an earthquake 3.2 magnitude, Region 1 was greater than 6.7 magnitude, Region 2 was greater than than 4.7 magnitude, Region 3 was greater than 5.2 magnitude, Region 4 was greater than 6.2 magnitude, Region 5 was greater than 5.7 magnitude, Region 6 was greater than 7.2 magnitude, Region 7 was greater than 6.2 magnitude. The highest observed magnitude 7 different seismic source regions of Aǧrı and vicinity are estimated 7 magnitude in Region 6. Region 6 are determined according to determining magnitudes, occurrence years of earthquakes in the future years, respectively, 7.2 magnitude was in 158 years, 6.7 magnitude was in 70 years, 6.2 magnitude was in 31 years, 5.7 magnitude was in 13 years, 5.2 magnitude was in 6 years.

  16. Visual impairment and blindness among the students of blind schools in Allahabad and its vicinity: A causal assessment

    PubMed Central

    Bhalerao, Sushank Ashok; Tandon, Mahesh; Singh, Satyaprakash; Dwivedi, Shraddha; Kumar, Santosh; Rana, Jagriti

    2015-01-01

    Background/Aims: Information on eye diseases in blind school children in Allahabad is rare and sketchy. A cross-sectional study was performed to identify causes of blindness (BL) in blind school children with an aim to gather information on ocular morbidity in the blind schools in Allahabad and in its vicinity. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was carried out in all the four blind schools in Allahabad and its vicinity. Materials and Methods: The students in the blind schools visited were included in the study and informed consents from parents were obtained. Relevant ocular history and basic ocular examinations were carried out on the students of the blind schools. Results: A total of 90 students were examined in four schools of the blind in Allahabad and in the vicinity. The main causes of severe visual impairment and BL in the better eye of students were microphthalmos (34.44%), corneal scar (22.23%), anophthalmos (14.45%), pseudophakia (6.67%), optic nerve atrophy (6.67%), buphthalmos/glaucoma (3.33%), cryptophthalmos (2.22%), staphyloma (2.22%), cataract (2.22%), retinal dystrophy (2.22%), aphakia (1.11%), coloboma (1.11%), retinal detachment (1.11%), etc. Of these, 22 (24.44%) students had preventable causes of BL and another 12 (13.33%) students had treatable causes of BL. Conclusion: It was found that hereditary diseases, corneal scar, glaucoma and cataract were the prominent causes of BL among the students of blind schools. Almost 38% of the students had preventable or treatable causes, indicating the need of genetical counseling and focused intervention. PMID:25971172

  17. Visual impairment and blindness among the students of blind schools in Allahabad and its vicinity: A causal assessment.

    PubMed

    Bhalerao, Sushank Ashok; Tandon, Mahesh; Singh, Satyaprakash; Dwivedi, Shraddha; Kumar, Santosh; Rana, Jagriti

    2015-03-01

    Information on eye diseases in blind school children in Allahabad is rare and sketchy. A cross-sectional study was performed to identify causes of blindness (BL) in blind school children with an aim to gather information on ocular morbidity in the blind schools in Allahabad and in its vicinity. A cross-sectional study was carried out in all the four blind schools in Allahabad and its vicinity. The students in the blind schools visited were included in the study and informed consents from parents were obtained. Relevant ocular history and basic ocular examinations were carried out on the students of the blind schools. A total of 90 students were examined in four schools of the blind in Allahabad and in the vicinity. The main causes of severe visual impairment and BL in the better eye of students were microphthalmos (34.44%), corneal scar (22.23%), anophthalmos (14.45%), pseudophakia (6.67%), optic nerve atrophy (6.67%), buphthalmos/glaucoma (3.33%), cryptophthalmos (2.22%), staphyloma (2.22%), cataract (2.22%), retinal dystrophy (2.22%), aphakia (1.11%), coloboma (1.11%), retinal detachment (1.11%), etc. Of these, 22 (24.44%) students had preventable causes of BL and another 12 (13.33%) students had treatable causes of BL. It was found that hereditary diseases, corneal scar, glaucoma and cataract were the prominent causes of BL among the students of blind schools. Almost 38% of the students had preventable or treatable causes, indicating the need of genetical counseling and focused intervention.

  18. The vicinal difluoro motif: The synthesis and conformation of erythro- and threo- diastereoisomers of 1,2-difluorodiphenylethanes, 2,3-difluorosuccinic acids and their derivatives

    PubMed Central

    O'Hagan, David; Rzepa, Henry S; Schüler, Martin; Slawin, Alexandra MZ

    2006-01-01

    Background It is well established that vicinal fluorines (RCHF-CHFR) prefer to adopt a gauche rather than an anti conformation when placed along aliphatic chains. This has been particularly recognised for 1,2-difluoroethane and extends to 2,3-difluorobutane and longer alkyl chains. It follows in these latter cases that if erythro and threo vicinal difluorinated stereoisomers are compared, they will adopt different overall conformations if the fluorines prefer to be gauche in each case. This concept is explored in this paper with erythro- and threo- diastereoisomers of 2,3-difluorosuccinates. Results A synthetic route to 2,3-difluorosuccinates has been developed through erythro- and threo- 1,2-difluoro-1,2-diphenylethane which involved the oxidation of the aryl rings to generate the corresponding 2,3-difluorosuccinic acids. Ester and amide derivatives of the erythro- and threo- 2,3-difluorosuccinic acids were then prepared. The solid and solution state conformation of these compounds was assessed by X-ray crystallography and NMR. Ab initio calculations were also carried out to model the conformation of erythro- and threo- 1,2-difluoro-1,2-diphenylethane as these differed from the 2,3-difluorosuccinates. Conclusion In general the overall chain conformations of the 2,3-difluorosuccinates diastereoisomers were found to be influenced by the fluorine gauche effect. The study highlights the prospects of utilising the vicinal difluorine motif (RCHF-CHFR) as a tool for influencing the conformation of performance organic molecules and particularly tuning conformation by selecting specific diastereoisomers (erythro or threo). PMID:17014729

  19. The vicinal difluoro motif: The synthesis and conformation of erythro- and threo- diastereoisomers of 1,2-difluorodiphenylethanes, 2,3-difluorosuccinic acids and their derivatives.

    PubMed

    O'Hagan, David; Rzepa, Henry S; Schüler, Martin; Slawin, Alexandra M Z

    2006-10-02

    It is well established that vicinal fluorines (RCHF-CHFR) prefer to adopt a gauche rather than an anti conformation when placed along aliphatic chains. This has been particularly recognised for 1,2-difluoroethane and extends to 2,3-difluorobutane and longer alkyl chains. It follows in these latter cases that if erythro and threo vicinal difluorinated stereoisomers are compared, they will adopt different overall conformations if the fluorines prefer to be gauche in each case. This concept is explored in this paper with erythro- and threo- diastereoisomers of 2,3-difluorosuccinates. A synthetic route to 2,3-difluorosuccinates has been developed through erythro- and threo- 1,2-difluoro-1,2-diphenylethane which involved the oxidation of the aryl rings to generate the corresponding 2,3-difluorosuccinic acids. Ester and amide derivatives of the erythro- and threo- 2,3-difluorosuccinic acids were then prepared. The solid and solution state conformation of these compounds was assessed by X-ray crystallography and NMR. Ab initio calculations were also carried out to model the conformation of erythro- and threo- 1,2-difluoro-1,2-diphenylethane as these differed from the 2,3-difluorosuccinates. In general the overall chain conformations of the 2,3-difluorosuccinates diastereoisomers were found to be influenced by the fluorine gauche effect. The study highlights the prospects of utilising the vicinal difluorine motif (RCHF-CHFR) as a tool for influencing the conformation of performance organic molecules and particularly tuning conformation by selecting specific diastereoisomers (erythro or threo).

  20. Fast Inbound Top-K Query for Random Walk with Restart.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Chao; Jiang, Shan; Chen, Yucheng; Sun, Yidan; Han, Jiawei

    2015-09-01

    Random walk with restart (RWR) is widely recognized as one of the most important node proximity measures for graphs, as it captures the holistic graph structure and is robust to noise in the graph. In this paper, we study a novel query based on the RWR measure, called the inbound top-k (Ink) query. Given a query node q and a number k , the Ink query aims at retrieving k nodes in the graph that have the largest weighted RWR scores to q . Ink queries can be highly useful for various applications such as traffic scheduling, disease treatment, and targeted advertising. Nevertheless, none of the existing RWR computation techniques can accurately and efficiently process the Ink query in large graphs. We propose two algorithms, namely Squeeze and Ripple, both of which can accurately answer the Ink query in a fast and incremental manner. To identify the top- k nodes, Squeeze iteratively performs matrix-vector multiplication and estimates the lower and upper bounds for all the nodes in the graph. Ripple employs a more aggressive strategy by only estimating the RWR scores for the nodes falling in the vicinity of q , the nodes outside the vicinity do not need to be evaluated because their RWR scores are propagated from the boundary of the vicinity and thus upper bounded. Ripple incrementally expands the vicinity until the top- k result set can be obtained. Our extensive experiments on real-life graph data sets show that Ink queries can retrieve interesting results, and the proposed algorithms are orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art method.

  1. Earthquakes in Mississippi and vicinity 1811-2010

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Dart, Richard L.; Bograd, Michael B.E.

    2011-01-01

    This map summarizes two centuries of earthquake activity in Mississippi. Work on the Mississippi map was done in collaboration with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, Office of Geology. The earthquake data plotted on the map are from several sources: the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, the Center for Earthquake Research and Information, the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, and the Arkansas Geological Survey. In addition to earthquake locations, other materials include seismic hazard and isoseismal maps and related text. Earthquakes are a legitimate concern in Mississippi and parts of adjacent States. Mississippi has undergone a number of felt earthquakes since 1811. At least two of these events caused property damage: a magnitude 4.7 earthquake in 1931, and a magnitude 4.3 earthquake in 1967. The map shows all historical and instrumentally located earthquakes in Mississippi and vicinity between 1811 and 2010. The largest historic earthquake in the vicinity of the State was an intensity XI event, on December 16, 1811; the first earthquake in the New Madrid sequence. This violent event and the earthquakes that followed caused considerable damage to the then sparsely settled region.

  2. Environmental impact and human health risks of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the vicinity of a new hazardous waste incinerator: a case study.

    PubMed

    Ferré-Huguet, Núria; Nadal, Martí; Schuhmacher, Marta; Domingo, José L

    2006-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to assess the environmental impact of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the vicinity of a new hazardous waste incinerator (HWI) 4 years after regular operation of the facility. A double approach was carried out. The PCDD/F congener profiles corresponding to environmental samples, soil and herbage, collected before the HWI (baseline) and 4 years after starting regular operations, as well as PCDD/F profiles of air emission samples, were compared. The potential health risks (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic) due to PCDD/F exposure were assessed for adults and children living in the neighborhood of the facility. Human exposure to PCDD/Fs was mainly due to dietary food intake. Comparisons between the PCDD/F congener profiles corresponding to the baseline and current surveys, as well as data concerning the human health risk assessment, indicate that the HWI in question does not cause additional risks to the environment orto the population living in the vicinity of the facility.

  3. Variation of oil composition in vicinity of Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Zemmels, I.; Walters, C.C.

    1987-08-01

    Fifteen oils in an 8-county area in the vicinity of the Arbuckle Mountains were classified into 6 oil types: stable platform type, Mill Creek syncline type, Joiner City field type, Gloeocapsamorpha type, Hoover field A-type; and Fitts field type. The stable platform, Mill Creek syncline, and Joiner City field types have a common element (diminished C/sub 32/ hopane) and are thought to be derived from distinctly different facies of the Woodford Formation. The Viola Limestone oil is typical of oil generated from Ordovician rocks. The Hoover field A-type has an element of Ordovician composition and is thought to have beenmore » derived from an Arbuckle Group shale. The Fitts field oil has a unique composition and has not been assigned to a source. The variation of oil composition in the vicinity of the Arbuckle Mountains is attributed to (1) the large number of potential source rocks, (2) the variety of facies going from the stable platform into the southern Oklahoma aulacogen, and (3) biodegradation of oils in shallow reservoirs.« less

  4. Influence of tissue resistivities on neuromagnetic fields and electric potentials studied with a finite element model of the head.

    PubMed

    Haueisen, J; Ramon, C; Eiselt, M; Brauer, H; Nowak, H

    1997-08-01

    Modeling in magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) requires knowledge of the in vivo tissue resistivities of the head. The aim of this paper is to examine the influence of tissue resistivity changes on the neuromagnetic field and the electric scalp potential. A high-resolution finite element method (FEM) model (452,162 elements, 2-mm resolution) of the human head with 13 different tissue types is employed for this purpose. Our main finding was that the magnetic fields are sensitive to changes in the tissue resistivity in the vicinity of the source. In comparison, the electric surface potentials are sensitive to changes in the tissue resistivity in the vicinity of the source and in the vicinity of the position of the electrodes. The magnitude (strength) of magnetic fields and electric surface potentials is strongly influenced by tissue resistivity changes, while the topography is not as strongly influenced. Therefore, an accurate modeling of magnetic field and electric potential strength requires accurate knowledge of tissue resistivities, while for source localization procedures this knowledge might not be a necessity.

  5. Deformation Behavior and Structure of i-Al-Cu-Fe Quasicrystalline Alloy in Vicinity of Nanoindenter Indentation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shalaeva, E. V.; Selyanin, I. O.; Smirnova, E. O.; Smirnov, S. V.; Novachek, D. D.

    2018-02-01

    The nanoindentation tests have been carried out for the quasicrystalline polygrain Al62.4Cu25.3Fe12.3 alloy with the icosahedral structure i; the load P-displacement h diagrams have been used to estimate the contributions of plastic deformation (monotonic and intermittent), and the structures of the transverse microscopic sections have been studied in the vicinity of indentations by electron microscopy. It is shown that several systems of deformation bands are formed in the elasto-plastic zone in the vicinity of the indentations along the close-packed planes of the i lattice with the five-fold and two-fold symmetry axes; the bands often begin from cracks and manifest the signs of the dislocation structure. The traces of the phase transformation with the formation of the β-phase areas are observed only in a thin layer under an indenter. The effects of intermittent deformation are up to 50% of the total inelastic deformation and are related to the plastic behavior of the quasicrystal-activation and passage of deformation bands and also the formation of undersurface micro- and nanosized cracks.

  6. Hydrologic, water-quality, and meteorologic data for Newberry Volcano and vicinity, Deschutes County, Oregon, 1991-93

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Crumrine, Milo D.; Morgan, David S.

    1994-01-01

    This report is a compilation of hydrologic, water- quality, and meteorologic data collected in the vicinity of Newberry Volcano near Bend, Oregon. These data were collected, in cooperation with the Bonneville Power Administration, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management, to provide baseline data for identifying and assessing the effects of proposed geothermal development in the vicinity of Newberry Volcano. Types of data collected include ground-water levels, lake levels, streamflow, water quality, and meteorologic measurements. Sites that were monitored include: (1) two thermal wells in the caldera, (2) several nonthermal wells in the caldera, (3) four wells outside of the caldera, (4) Paulina Creek, (5) Paulina and East Lakes, (6) hot springs that discharge into Paulina and East Lakes, and (7) meteorologic conditions near Paulina Lake. Data are presented for the period summer 1991 through fall 1993. Water-quality data collected include concentrations of common anions and cations, nutrients, trace elements, radiochemicals, and isotopes. Meteorologic data collected include wind velocity, air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation.

  7. A preliminary appraisal of sediment sources and transport in Kings Bay and vicinity, Georgia and Florida

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    McConnell, J.B.; Radtke, D.B.; Hale, T.W.; Buell, G.R.

    1983-01-01

    Water-quality, bottom-material, suspended-sediment, and current-velocity data were collected during November 1981 in Kings Bay and vicinity to provide information on the sources and transport of estuarine sediments. Kings Bay and Cumberland Sound , the site of the Poseidon Submarine Base in southeast Georgia, are experiencing high rates of sediment deposition and accumulation, which are causing serious navigational and operational problems. Velocity, bathymetry, turbidity, and bottom-material data suggest that the area in the vicinity of lower Kings Bay is accumulating deposits of suspended sediment transported from Cumberland Sound on the floodtide and from upper Kings Bay and the tidal marsh drained by Marianna Creek on the ebbtide. Suspended-sediment discharges computed for consecutive 13-hour ebbtides and floodtides showed that a net quantity of suspended sediment was transported seaward from upper Kings Bay and Marianna Creek. A net landward transport of suspended sediment computed at the St. Marys Entrance indicated areas seaward of St. Marys Entrance may be supplying sediment to the shoaling areas of the estuary, including lower Kings Bay. (USGS)

  8. Monitoring of olive oil mills' wastes using electrical resistivity tomography techniques

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Simyrdanis, Kleanthis; Papadopoulos, Nikos; Kirkou, Stella; Sarris, Apostolos; Tsourlos, Panagiotis

    2014-08-01

    Olive oil mills' wastes (OOMW) are one of the byproducts of the oil production that can lead to serious environmental pollution when they are deposited in ponds dug on the ground surface. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method can provide a valuable tool in order to monitor through time the physical flow of the wastes into the subsurface. ERT could potentially locate the electrical signature due to lower resistivity values resulting from the leakage of OOMW to the subsurface. For this purpose, two vertical boreholes were installed (12m depth, 9 m apart) in the vicinity of an existing pond which is filled with OOMW during the oil production period. The test site is situated in Saint Andreas village about 15km south of the city of Rethymno (Crete, Greece). Surface ERT measurements were collected along multiple lines in order to reconstruct the subsurface resistivity models. Data acquisition was performed with standard and optimized electrode configuration protocols. The monitoring survey includes the ERT data collection for a period of time. The study was initiated before the OOMW were deposited in the pond, so resistivity fluctuations are expected due to the flow of OOMW in the porous subsurface media through time. Preliminary results show the good correlation of the ERT images with the drilled geological formations and the identification of low resistivity subsurface zone that could be attributed to the flow of the wastes within the porous layers.

  9. Förster resonance energy transfer and protein-induced fluorescence enhancement as synergetic multi-scale molecular rulers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ploetz, Evelyn; Lerner, Eitan; Husada, Florence; Roelfs, Martin; Chung, Sangyoon; Hohlbein, Johannes; Weiss, Shimon; Cordes, Thorben

    2016-09-01

    Advanced microscopy methods allow obtaining information on (dynamic) conformational changes in biomolecules via measuring a single molecular distance in the structure. It is, however, extremely challenging to capture the full depth of a three-dimensional biochemical state, binding-related structural changes or conformational cross-talk in multi-protein complexes using one-dimensional assays. In this paper we address this fundamental problem by extending the standard molecular ruler based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) into a two-dimensional assay via its combination with protein-induced fluorescence enhancement (PIFE). We show that donor brightness (via PIFE) and energy transfer efficiency (via FRET) can simultaneously report on e.g., the conformational state of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) following its interaction with unlabelled proteins (BamHI, EcoRV, and T7 DNA polymerase gp5/trx). The PIFE-FRET assay uses established labelling protocols and single molecule fluorescence detection schemes (alternating-laser excitation, ALEX). Besides quantitative studies of PIFE and FRET ruler characteristics, we outline possible applications of ALEX-based PIFE-FRET for single-molecule studies with diffusing and immobilized molecules. Finally, we study transcription initiation and scrunching of E. coli RNA-polymerase with PIFE-FRET and provide direct evidence for the physical presence and vicinity of the polymerase that causes structural changes and scrunching of the transcriptional DNA bubble.

  10. Environmental Contamination and Persistence of Ebola Virus RNA in an Ebola Treatment Center.

    PubMed

    Poliquin, Philippe Guillaume; Vogt, Florian; Kasztura, Miriam; Leung, Anders; Deschambault, Yvon; Van den Bergh, Rafael; Dorion, Claire; Maes, Peter; Kamara, Abdul; Kobinger, Gary; Sprecher, Armand; Strong, James E

    2016-10-15

     Ebola viruses (EBOVs) are primarily transmitted by contact with infected body fluids. Ebola treatment centers (ETCs) contain areas that are exposed to body fluids through the care of patients suspected or confirmed to have EBOV disease. There are limited data documenting which areas/fomites within ETCs pose a risk for potential transmission. This study conducted environmental surveillance in 2 ETCs in Freetown, Sierra Leone, during the 2014-2016 West African Ebola outbreak.  ETCs were surveyed over a 3-week period. Sites to be swabbed were identified with input from field personnel. Swab samples were collected and tested for the presence of EBOV RNA. Ebola-positive body fluid-impregnated cotton pads were serially sampled.  General areas of both ETCs were negative for EBOV RNA. The immediate vicinity of patients was the area most likely to be positive for EBOV RNA. Personal protective equipment became positive during patient care, but chlorine solution washes rendered them negative.  Personal protective equipment and patient environs do become positive for EBOV RNA, but careful attention to decontamination seems to remove it. EBOV RNA was not detected in general ward spaces. Careful attention to decontamination protocols seems to be important in minimizing the presence of EBOV RNA within ETC wards. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.

  11. Förster resonance energy transfer and protein-induced fluorescence enhancement as synergetic multi-scale molecular rulers

    PubMed Central

    Ploetz, Evelyn; Lerner, Eitan; Husada, Florence; Roelfs, Martin; Chung, SangYoon; Hohlbein, Johannes; Weiss, Shimon; Cordes, Thorben

    2016-01-01

    Advanced microscopy methods allow obtaining information on (dynamic) conformational changes in biomolecules via measuring a single molecular distance in the structure. It is, however, extremely challenging to capture the full depth of a three-dimensional biochemical state, binding-related structural changes or conformational cross-talk in multi-protein complexes using one-dimensional assays. In this paper we address this fundamental problem by extending the standard molecular ruler based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) into a two-dimensional assay via its combination with protein-induced fluorescence enhancement (PIFE). We show that donor brightness (via PIFE) and energy transfer efficiency (via FRET) can simultaneously report on e.g., the conformational state of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) following its interaction with unlabelled proteins (BamHI, EcoRV, and T7 DNA polymerase gp5/trx). The PIFE-FRET assay uses established labelling protocols and single molecule fluorescence detection schemes (alternating-laser excitation, ALEX). Besides quantitative studies of PIFE and FRET ruler characteristics, we outline possible applications of ALEX-based PIFE-FRET for single-molecule studies with diffusing and immobilized molecules. Finally, we study transcription initiation and scrunching of E. coli RNA-polymerase with PIFE-FRET and provide direct evidence for the physical presence and vicinity of the polymerase that causes structural changes and scrunching of the transcriptional DNA bubble. PMID:27641327

  12. Water-quality sampling plan for evaluating the distribution of bigheaded carps in the Illinois Waterway

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Duncker, James J.; Terrio, Paul J.

    2017-02-27

    The two nonnative invasive bigheaded carp species (bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp H. molitrix) that were accidentally released in the 1970s have spread widely into the rivers and waterways of the Mississippi River Basin. First detected in the lower reaches of the Illinois Waterway (IWW, the combined Illinois River-Des Plaines River-Chicago Area Waterway System) in the 1990s, bighead and silver carps moved quickly upstream, approaching the Chicago Area Waterway System. The potential of substantial negative ecological and economic impact to the Great Lakes from the presence of these species is a concern. However, since 2006, the population front of bigheaded carps has remained in the vicinity of Joliet, Illinois, near river mile 278. This reach of the IWW is characterized by stark changes in habitat, water quality, and food resources as the waterway transitions from a primarily agricultural landscape to a metropolitan and industrial canal system. This report describes a 2015 plan for sampling the IWW to establish water-quality conditions that might be contributing to the apparent stalling of the population front of bigheaded carps in this reach. A detailed description of the study plan, Lagrangian-style sampling approach, selected analytes, sampling methods and protocols are provided. Hydrographs from streamflow-gaging stations show IWW conditions during the 2015 sampling runs.

  13. Self-organization, interfacial interaction and photophysical properties of gold nanoparticle complexes derived from resilin-mimetic fluorescent protein rec1-resilin.

    PubMed

    Mayavan, Sundar; Dutta, Naba K; Choudhury, Namita R; Kim, Misook; Elvin, Christopher M; Hill, Anita J

    2011-04-01

    In this investigation we report the synthesis of optically coupled hybrid architectures based on a new biomimetic fluorescent protein rec1-resilin and nanometer-scale gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a one-step method using a non-covalent mode of binding protocol. The presence of uniformly distributed fluorophore sequences, -Ser(Thr)-Tyr-Gly- along the molecular structure of rec1-resilin provides significant opportunity to synthesize fluorophore-modified AuNPs bioconjugates with unique photophysical properties. The detailed analyses of the AuNP-bioconjugates, synthesized under different experimental conditions using spectroscopic, microscopic and scattering techniques demonstrate the organizational pathways and the electronic and photophysical properties of the developed AuNP-rec1-resilin bioconjugates. The calculation of the bimolecular quenching constant using the Stern-Volmer equation confirms that the dominant mechanism involved in quenching of fluorescence of rec1-resilin in the presence of AuNP is static. Photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy was employed to understand the nature of the interfacial interaction between the AuNP and rec1-resilin and its evolution with pH. In such bioconjugates the quenched emission of fluorescence by AuNP on the fluorophore moiety of rec1-resilin in the immediate vicinity of the AuNP has significant potential for fluorescence-based detection schemes, sensors and also can be incorporated into nanoparticle-based devices. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. Geophysical studies in the vicinity of Blue Mountain and Pumpernickel Valley near Winnemucca, north-central Nevada

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ponce, David A.

    2012-01-01

    From May 2008 to September 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected data from more than 660 gravity stations, 100 line-km of truck-towed magnetometer traverses, and 260 physical-property sites in the vicinity of Blue Mountain and Pumpernickel Valley, northern Nevada (fig. 1). Gravity, magnetic, and physical-property data were collected to study regional crustal structures as an aid to understanding the geologic framework of the Blue Mountain and Pumpernickel Valley areas, which in general, have implications for mineral- and geothermal-resource investigations throughout the Great Basin.

  15. Self-Assembly of Parallel Atomic Wires and Periodic Clusters of Silicon on a Vicinal Si(111) Surface

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Sekiguchi, Takeharu; Yoshida, Shunji; Itoh, Kohei M.

    2005-09-02

    Silicon self-assembly at step edges in the initial stage of homoepitaxial growth on a vicinal Si(111) surface is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. The resulting atomic structures change dramatically from a parallel array of 0.7 nm wide wires to one-dimensionally aligned periodic clusters of diameter {approx}2 nm and periodicity 2.7 nm in the very narrow range of growth temperatures between 400 and 300 deg. C. These nanostructures are expected to play important roles in future developments of silicon quantum computers. Mechanisms leading to such distinct structures are discussed.

  16. Hydrographs Showing Groundwater Level Changes for Selected Wells in the Chambers-Clover Creek Watershed and Vicinity, Pierce County, Washington

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Justin, G.B.; Julich, R.; Payne, K.L.

    2009-01-01

    Selected groundwater level hydrographs for the Chambers-Clover Creek watershed (CCCW) and vicinity, Washington, are presented in an interactive web-based map to illustrate changes in groundwater levels in and near the CCCW on a monthly and seasonal basis. Hydrographs are linked to points corresponding to the well location on an interactive map of the study area. Groundwater level data and well information from Federal, State, and local agencies were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System (NWIS), Groundwater Site Inventory (GWSI) System.

  17. Ground-Water Temperature Data, Nevada Test Site and Vicinity, Nye, Clark, and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, 2000-2006

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Reiner, Steven R.

    2007-01-01

    Ground-water temperature data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in wells at and in the vicinity of the Nevada Test Site during the years 2000-2006. Periodic ground-water temperatures were collected in 166 wells. In general, periodic ground-water temperatures were measured annually in each well at 5 and 55 feet below the water surface. Ground-water temperature profiles were collected in 73 wells. Temperatures were measured at multiple depths below the water surface to produce these profiles. Databases were constructed to present the ground-water temperature data.

  18. Ground-Water Temperature Data, Nevada Test Site and Vicinity, Nye, Clark, and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, 2000-2006.

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Steven R. Reiner

    2007-08-07

    Ground-water temperature data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in wells at and in the vicinity of the Nevada Test Site during the years 2000–2006. Periodic ground-water temperatures were collected in 166 wells. In general, periodic ground-water temperatures were measured annually in each well at 5 and 55 feet below the water surface. Ground-water temperature profiles were collected in 73 wells. Temperatures were measured at multiple depths below the water surface to produce these profiles. Databases were constructed to present the ground-water temperature data.

  19. Considerations regarding the implementation of EPR dosimetry for the population in the vicinity of Semipalatinsk nuclear test site based on experience from other radiation accidents.

    PubMed

    Skvortsov, Valeriy; Ivannikov, Alexander; Tikunov, Dimitri; Stepanenko, Valeriy; Borysheva, Natalie; Orlenko, Sergey; Nalapko, Mikhail; Hoshi, Masaharu

    2006-02-01

    General aspects of applying the method of retrospective dose estimation by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of human tooth enamel (EPR dosimetry) to the population residing in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site are analyzed and summarized. The analysis is based on the results obtained during 20 years of investigations conducted in the Medical Radiological Research Center regarding the development and practical application of this method for wide-scale dosimetrical investigation of populations exposed to radiation after the Chernobyl accident and other radiation accidents.

  20. Operation UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, Nevada Proving Grounds, March-June 1953. Project 6.12. Determination of Height of Burst and Ground Zero

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1955-05-01

    6.2.1 Seismic Height of Burst Determination 6l 6.2.2 Long Range Yield Determination 6l 6.2.3 Lead Sulphide Cells 6l | • APPENDIX A SURVEY...located at M 96 in the vicinity of Array 3* The original metro station was moved to vicinity Camp Mercury Sewage Disposal Plant for Shots 9 and 10. The...JWiRE COMMUNICATION =r=^^l .QBAWIELS ., I foi* 50—ftfejP - -70 CAMP DESERT MICROPHONE 40- 15" (CAMP --’ MERCURY -60 MICROPHONE ARRAY NO I

  1. Geologic map of the eastern part of the Challis National Forest and vicinity, Idaho

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Wilson, A.B.; Skipp, B.A.

    1994-01-01

    The paper version of the Geologic Map of the eastern part of the Challis National Forest and vicinity, Idaho was compiled by Anna Wilson and Betty Skipp in 1994. The geology was compiled on a 1:250,000 scale topographic base map. TechniGraphic System, Inc. of Fort Collins Colorado digitized this map under contract for N.Shock. G.Green edited and prepared the digital version for publication as a GIS database. The digital geologic map database can be queried in many ways to produce a variety of geologic maps.

  2. An Experimental Investigation of Flow Conditions in the Vicinity of an NACA D(sub S)-type Cowling

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bryant, Rosemary P.; Boswinkle, Robert W.

    1946-01-01

    Data are presented of the flow conditions in the vicinity of an NACA D sub S -type cowling. Tests were made of a 1/2 scale-nacelle model at inlet-velocity ratios ranging from 0.23 to 1.02 and angles of attack from 6 deg to 10 deg. The velocity and direction of flow in the vertical plane of symmetry of the cowling were determined from orifices and tufts installed on a board aligned with the flow. Diagrams showing velocity ratio contours and lines of constant flow angles are given.

  3. Investigation of probabilistic orbital evolution of near-Earth asteroids moving in the vicinity of resonances with Mercury

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Galushina, T. Yu.; Titarenko, E. Yu

    2014-12-01

    The purpose of this work is the investigation of probabilistic orbital evolution of near-Earth asteroids (NEA) moving in the vicinity of resonances with Mercury. In order to identify such objects the equations of all NEA motion have been integrated on the time interval (1000, 3000 years). The initial data has been taken from the E. Bowell catalog on February 2014. The motion equations have been integrated numerically by Everhart method. The resonance characteristics are critical argument that defines the connection longitude of the asteroid and the planet and its time derivative, called resonance "band". The study has identified 15 asteroids moving in the vicinity of different resonances with Mercury. Six of them (52381 1993 HA, 172034 2001 WR1, 2008 VB1, 2009 KT4, 2013 CQ35, 2013 TH) move in the vicinity of the resonance 1/6, five of them (142561 2002 TX68, 159608 2002 AC2, 241370 2008 LW8, 2006 UR216, 2009 XB2) move in the vicinity of the resonance 1/9 and one by one asteroid moves in the vicinity of resonances 1/3, 1/7, 1/8 and 2/7 (2006 SE6, 2002 CV46, 2013 CN35 and 2006 VY2 respectively). The orbits of all identified asteroids have been improved by least square method using the available optical observations and probabilistic orbital evolution has been investigated. Improvement have been carried out at the time of the best conditionality in accounting perturbations from the major planets, Pluto, Moon, Ceres, Pallas and Vesta, the relativistic effects from the Sun and the Solar oblateness. The estimation of the nonlinearity factor has showed that for all the considered NEA it does not exceed the critical value of 0.1, which makes it possible to use the linear method for constructing the initial probability domain. The domain has been built in the form of an ellipsoid in six-dimensional phase space of coordinates and velocity components on the base of the full covariance matrix, the center of ellipsoid is the nominal orbit obtained by improving. The 10 000 clones distributed according to the normal law has been chosen in the initial probability domain. The nonlinear method by numerical integration of the differential equations of each clone motion has been used for study of probabilistic orbital evolution. The force model has corresponded to the model used in the improvement. The time interval has been limited by ephemeris DE406 and accuracy of integration and has been amounted for different objects from two to six thousand years. As a result of the orbit improvement from the available optical positional observations it has been turned out that the orbits of NEA 2006 SE6, 2009 KT4, 2013 CQ35, 2013 TH, 2002 CV46, 2013 CN35 and 2006 VY2 are poorly defined, that does not allow to conclude about their resonance capture. The remaining objects can be divided into two classes. Asteroids 172034 2001 WR1, 2008 VB1, 159608 2002 AC2 and 2006 UR216 move in the vicinity of the resonance over the entire interval of the study. Probability domains of NEA 52381 1993 HA, 142561 2002 TX68, 241370 2008 LW8 и 2009 XB2 are increase significantly under the influence of close encounters, and part of clones are out of resonance. It should be noted that for all the considered objects the critical argument varies around the moving center of libration or circulates that suggests instability resonance.

  4. Diffraction and Dissipation of Atmospheric Waves in the Vicinity of Caustics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Godin, O. A.

    2015-12-01

    A large and increasing number of ground-based and satellite-borne instruments has been demonstrated to reliably reveal ionospheric manifestations of natural hazards such as large earthquakes, strong tsunamis, and powerful tornadoes. To transition from detection of ionospheric manifestations of natural hazards to characterization of the hazards for the purposes of improving early warning systems and contributing to disaster recovery, it is necessary to relate quantitatively characteristics of the observed ionospheric disturbances and the underlying natural hazard and, in particular, accurately model propagation of atmospheric waves from the ground or ocean surface to the ionosphere. The ray theory has been used extensively to model propagation of atmospheric waves and proved to be very efficient in elucidating the effects of atmospheric variability on ionospheric signatures of natural hazards. However, the ray theory predicts unphysical, divergent values of the wave amplitude and needs to be modified in the vicinity of caustics. This paper presents an asymptotic theory that describes diffraction, focusing and increased dissipation of acoustic-gravity waves in the vicinity of caustics and turning points. Air temperature, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and wind velocity are assumed to vary gradually with height and horizontal coordinates, and slowness of these variations determines the large parameter of the problem. Uniform asymptotics of the wave field are expressed in terms of Airy functions and their derivatives. The geometrical, or Berry, phase, which arises in the consistent WKB approximation for acoustic-gravity waves, plays an important role in the caustic asymptotics. In addition to the wave field in the vicinity of the caustic, these asymptotics describe wave reflection from the caustic and the evanescent wave field beyond the caustic. The evanescent wave field is found to play an important role in ionospheric manifestations of tsunamis.

  5. Study of GRBs Hosts Galaxies Vicinity Properties

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bernal, S.; Vasquez, N.; Hoyle, F.

    2017-07-01

    The study of GRBs host galaxies and its vicinity could provide constrains on the progenitor and an opportunity to use these violent explosions to characterize the nature of the highredshift universe. Studies of GRB host galaxies reveal a population of starforming galaxies with great diversity, spanning a wide range of masses, star formation rate, and redshifts. In order to study the galactic ambient of GRBs we used the S. Savaglio catalog from 2015 where 245 GRBs are listed with RA-Dec position and z. We choose 22 GRBs Hosts galaxies from Savaglio catalog and SDSS DR12, with z range 0

  6. Oxygen and sulfur adsorption on vicinal surfaces of copper and silver: Preferred adsorption sites

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu, Da-Jiang; Thiel, Patricia A.

    We present an extensive density functional theory (DFT) study of adsorption site energetics for oxygen and sulfur adsorbed on two vicinal surfaces of Cu and Ag, with the goal of identifying the most stable adsorption site(s), identifying trends and common themes, and comparing with experimental work in the literature where possible. We also present benchmark calculations for adsorption on the flat (111) and (100) surfaces. The first vicinal surface is the (211), and results are similar for both metals. Here, we find that the step-doubling reconstruction is favored with both adsorbates and is driven by the creation of a specialmore » stable fourfold hollow (4fh) site at the reconstructed step. Zig-zag chain structures consisting of X–M–X units (X = chalcogen, M = metal) at the step edge are considered, in which the special 4fh site is partially occupied. The zig-zag configuration is energetically competitive for oxygen but not sulfur. DFT results for oxygen agree with experiment in terms of the stability of the reconstruction, but contradict the original site assignment. The second vicinal surface is the (410), where again results are similar for both metals. For oxygen, DFT predicts that step sites are filled preferentially even at lowest coverage, followed by terrace sites, consistent with the experiment. For sulfur, in contrast, DFT predicts that terrace sites fill first. Oxygen forms O–M–O rows on the top edge of the step, where it occupies incomplete 4fh sites. This resolves an experimental ambiguity in the site assignment. Finally, for both the (211) and (410) surfaces, the interaction energy that stabilizes the X–M–X chain or row correlates with the linearity of the X–M–X unit, which may explain key differences between oxygen and sulfur.« less

  7. Remedial actions at the former Climax Uranium Company, Uranium Mill site, Grand Junction, Mesa County, Colorado. Volume 1, Text: Final environmental impact statement

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    None

    1986-12-01

    This statement evaluates and compares the environmental impacts associated with the remedial actions of the residual radioactive materials remaining at the inactive uranium processing site and associated vicinity properties at Grand Junction, Mesa County, Colorado. This statement is also intended to aid the BLM in amending their management framework plans and final resource management plan, as well as assisting in compliance with the withdrawal application as appropriate. The site is a 114-acre tract of private and state owned land which contains approximately 3.1 million cubic yards of tailings and associated contaminated soils. The vicinity properties are homes, businesses, public buildings,more » and vacant lots which may have been contaminated during construction by the use of tailings as building material. An estimated 3465 vicinity properties would be cleaned up during remedial action of the tailings pile. The tailings were produced by the former Climax Uranium Company which processed uranium ore, which it sold to the US Atomic Energy Commission from 1951 to 1966 and to private sources from 1966 to 1970. This statement evaluates six alternatives for stabilization and disposal of the tailings and other contaminated materials: (1) No action. (2) Stabilization at the Grand Junction site. (3) Disposal at the Cheney Reservoir site with truck transport. (4) Disposal at the Cheney Reservoir site with train and truck transport. (5) Disposal at the Two Road site with truck transport. (6) Disposal at the Two Road site with train and truck transport. All of the alternatives except no action include remedial action at an estimated 3465 vicinity properties. Alternative 3 is DOE`s preferred alternative.« less

  8. Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 Bridge, southern Puerto Rico; flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Johnson, K.G.; Quinones-Marquez, Ferdinand; Gonzalez, Ralph

    1987-01-01

    The magnitude, frequency and extent of the flood of October 7, 1985 at the Rio Coamo in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge in southern Puerto Rico, were investigated. The observed flood profiles were used to calibrate a step-backwater model. The calibrated model was then used to investigate several alternative flow conditions in the vicinity of the bridge. The peak discharge of the flood at the Highway 52 bridge was 72,000 cu ft/sec. This peak discharge was determined from the peak computed at a reach in the vicinity of the Banos de Coamo, about 1.2 mi upstream from the bridge. The computed discharge at the Banos de Coamo of 66,000 cu ft/sec was adjusted to the dam and bridge location by multiplying it by the ratio of the drainage areas raised to the 0.83 power. The flood had a recurrence interval of about 100 yr, exceeding all previously known floods at the site. The flood overtopped the spillway and levee of the Coamo Dam just upstream of Highway 52. The flow over the spillway was 54,000 cu ft/sec. Flow over the levee was about 18,000 cu ft/sec. About 10,000 cu ft/sec of the flow over the levee returned to the main channel at the base of the embankment at the northeast approach to the bridge. The remaining 8,000 cu ft/sec flowed south through the underpass on Highway 153. The embankment and shoulder on the northern span of the bridge were eroded with the eventual collapse of the approach slab. (Author 's abstract)

  9. Oxygen and sulfur adsorption on vicinal surfaces of copper and silver: Preferred adsorption sites

    DOE PAGES

    Liu, Da-Jiang; Thiel, Patricia A.

    2018-03-28

    We present an extensive density functional theory (DFT) study of adsorption site energetics for oxygen and sulfur adsorbed on two vicinal surfaces of Cu and Ag, with the goal of identifying the most stable adsorption site(s), identifying trends and common themes, and comparing with experimental work in the literature where possible. We also present benchmark calculations for adsorption on the flat (111) and (100) surfaces. The first vicinal surface is the (211), and results are similar for both metals. Here, we find that the step-doubling reconstruction is favored with both adsorbates and is driven by the creation of a specialmore » stable fourfold hollow (4fh) site at the reconstructed step. Zig-zag chain structures consisting of X–M–X units (X = chalcogen, M = metal) at the step edge are considered, in which the special 4fh site is partially occupied. The zig-zag configuration is energetically competitive for oxygen but not sulfur. DFT results for oxygen agree with experiment in terms of the stability of the reconstruction, but contradict the original site assignment. The second vicinal surface is the (410), where again results are similar for both metals. For oxygen, DFT predicts that step sites are filled preferentially even at lowest coverage, followed by terrace sites, consistent with the experiment. For sulfur, in contrast, DFT predicts that terrace sites fill first. Oxygen forms O–M–O rows on the top edge of the step, where it occupies incomplete 4fh sites. This resolves an experimental ambiguity in the site assignment. Finally, for both the (211) and (410) surfaces, the interaction energy that stabilizes the X–M–X chain or row correlates with the linearity of the X–M–X unit, which may explain key differences between oxygen and sulfur.« less

  10. Optical investigation of InAs quantum dashes grown on InP(0 0 1) vicinal substrate

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Besahraoui, F.; Bouslama, M.; Saidi, F.; Bouzaiene, L.; Hadj Alouane, M. H.; Maaref, H.; Chauvin, N.; Gendry, M.; Lounis, Z.; Ghaffour, M.

    2014-01-01

    We investigate with photoluminescence (PL) measurements the optoelectronic properties of self-organized InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown on nominal InP(0 0 1) substrate. InAs/InP(0 0 1) QDs are grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) method with optimized conditions in Stranski-Krastanov regime. A lateral coupling behavior was shown by photoluminescence spectroscopy. This phenomena is considered as a degradation source of the optoelectronic properties of InAs/InP(0 0 1) QDs used in lasers applications. In order to overcome this disadvantage behavior, we have studied the optical properties of InAs quantum islands (QIs) grown on vicinal InP(0 0 1) with 2° off miscut angle toward the [1 1 0] direction. From Polarized Photoluminescence (PPL) measurements, we have deduced that InAs quantum nanostructures have quantum dashes (QDas) form elongated in [1-10] direction. From excitation density PL measurements, we have evidenced that the different observed PL peaks are attributed to the emission of InAs QDas of different size. The lateral coupling behavior is completely eliminated in the case of this sample. The temperature-dependent PL measurements show a good thermal stability and an emission wavelength at room temperature around 1.55 μm of the vicinal sample. All these properties prove that this sample possess favorable characteristics for microlasers based devices functioning at room temperature and for optical telecommunication with long range weapon. The broad emission range observed at 300 K of the vicinal sample gives the possibility to use it as an active zone in solar cells and in infrared photodectectors of high optical gain and excellent sensitivity on a wide energy range.

  11. Multi-Modal Homing in Sea Turtles: Modeling Dual Use of Geomagnetic and Chemical Cues in Island-Finding.

    PubMed

    Endres, Courtney S; Putman, Nathan F; Ernst, David A; Kurth, Jessica A; Lohmann, Catherine M F; Lohmann, Kenneth J

    2016-01-01

    Sea turtles are capable of navigating across large expanses of ocean to arrive at remote islands for nesting, but how they do so has remained enigmatic. An interesting example involves green turtles (Chelonia mydas) that nest on Ascension Island, a tiny land mass located approximately 2000 km from the turtles' foraging grounds along the coast of Brazil. Sensory cues that turtles are known to detect, and which might hypothetically be used to help locate Ascension Island, include the geomagnetic field, airborne odorants, and waterborne odorants. One possibility is that turtles use magnetic cues to arrive in the vicinity of the island, then use chemical cues to pinpoint its location. As a first step toward investigating this hypothesis, we used oceanic, atmospheric, and geomagnetic models to assess whether magnetic and chemical cues might plausibly be used by turtles to locate Ascension Island. Results suggest that waterborne and airborne odorants alone are insufficient to guide turtles from Brazil to Ascension, but might permit localization of the island once turtles arrive in its vicinity. By contrast, magnetic cues might lead turtles into the vicinity of the island, but would not typically permit its localization because the field shifts gradually over time. Simulations reveal, however, that the sequential use of magnetic and chemical cues can potentially provide a robust navigational strategy for locating Ascension Island. Specifically, one strategy that appears viable is following a magnetic isoline into the vicinity of Ascension Island until an odor plume emanating from the island is encountered, after which turtles might either: (1) initiate a search strategy; or (2) follow the plume to its island source. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that sea turtles, and perhaps other marine animals, use a multi-modal navigational strategy for locating remote islands.

  12. Temperature Dependence of the Upper Critical Field in Disordered Hubbard Model with Attraction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kuchinskii, E. Z.; Kuleeva, N. A.; Sadovskii, M. V.

    2017-12-01

    We study disorder effects upon the temperature behavior of the upper critical magnetic field in an attractive Hubbard model within the generalized DMFT+Σ approach. We consider the wide range of attraction potentials U—from the weak coupling limit, where superconductivity is described by BCS model, up to the strong coupling limit, where superconducting transition is related to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of compact Cooper pairs, formed at temperatures significantly higher than superconducting transition temperature, as well as the wide range of disorder—from weak to strong, when the system is in the vicinity of Anderson transition. The growth of coupling strength leads to the rapid growth of H c2( T), especially at low temperatures. In BEC limit and in the region of BCS-BEC crossover H c2( T), dependence becomes practically linear. Disordering also leads to the general growth of H c2( T). In BCS limit of weak coupling increasing disorder lead both to the growth of the slope of the upper critical field in the vicinity of the transition point and to the increase of H c2( T) in the low temperature region. In the limit of strong disorder in the vicinity of the Anderson transition localization corrections lead to the additional growth of H c2( T) at low temperatures, so that the H c2( T) dependence becomes concave. In BCS-BEC crossover region and in BEC limit disorder only slightly influences the slope of the upper critical field close to T c . However, in the low temperature region H c2 ( T may significantly grow with disorder in the vicinity of the Anderson transition, where localization corrections notably increase H c2 ( T = 0) also making H c2( T) dependence concave.

  13. Effect of an external magnetic field on particle acceleration by a rotating black hole surrounded with quintessential energy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shaymatov, Sanjar; Ahmedov, Bobomurat; Stuchlík, Zdeněk; Abdujabbarov, Ahmadjon

    We investigate particle motion and collisions in the vicinity of rotating black holes immersed in combined cosmological quintessential scalar field and external magnetic field. The quintessential dark-energy field governing the spacetime structure is characterized by the quintessential state parameter ωq ∈ (‑1; ‑1/3) characterizing its equation of state, and the quintessential field-intensity parameter c determining the static radius where the black hole attraction is just balanced by the quintessential repulsion. The magnetic field is assumed to be test field that is uniform close to the static radius, where the spacetime is nearly flat, being characterized by strength B there. Deformations of the test magnetic field in vicinity of the black hole, caused by the Ricci non-flat spacetime structure are determined. General expression of the center-of-mass energy of the colliding charged or uncharged particles near the black hole is given and discussed in several special cases. In the case of nonrotating black holes, we discuss collisions of two particles freely falling from vicinity of the static radius, or one such a particle colliding with charged particle revolving at the innermost stable circular orbit. In the case of rotating black holes, we discuss briefly particles falling in the equatorial plane and colliding in close vicinity of the black hole horizon, concentrating attention to the interplay of the effects of the quintessential field and the external magnetic field. We demonstrate that the ultra-high center-of-mass energy can be obtained for black holes placed in an external magnetic field for an infinitesimally small quintessential field-intensity parameter c; the center-of-mass energy decreases if the quintessential field-intensity parameter c increases.

  14. Multi-Modal Homing in Sea Turtles: Modeling Dual Use of Geomagnetic and Chemical Cues in Island-Finding

    PubMed Central

    Endres, Courtney S.; Putman, Nathan F.; Ernst, David A.; Kurth, Jessica A.; Lohmann, Catherine M. F.; Lohmann, Kenneth J.

    2016-01-01

    Sea turtles are capable of navigating across large expanses of ocean to arrive at remote islands for nesting, but how they do so has remained enigmatic. An interesting example involves green turtles (Chelonia mydas) that nest on Ascension Island, a tiny land mass located approximately 2000 km from the turtles’ foraging grounds along the coast of Brazil. Sensory cues that turtles are known to detect, and which might hypothetically be used to help locate Ascension Island, include the geomagnetic field, airborne odorants, and waterborne odorants. One possibility is that turtles use magnetic cues to arrive in the vicinity of the island, then use chemical cues to pinpoint its location. As a first step toward investigating this hypothesis, we used oceanic, atmospheric, and geomagnetic models to assess whether magnetic and chemical cues might plausibly be used by turtles to locate Ascension Island. Results suggest that waterborne and airborne odorants alone are insufficient to guide turtles from Brazil to Ascension, but might permit localization of the island once turtles arrive in its vicinity. By contrast, magnetic cues might lead turtles into the vicinity of the island, but would not typically permit its localization because the field shifts gradually over time. Simulations reveal, however, that the sequential use of magnetic and chemical cues can potentially provide a robust navigational strategy for locating Ascension Island. Specifically, one strategy that appears viable is following a magnetic isoline into the vicinity of Ascension Island until an odor plume emanating from the island is encountered, after which turtles might either: (1) initiate a search strategy; or (2) follow the plume to its island source. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that sea turtles, and perhaps other marine animals, use a multi-modal navigational strategy for locating remote islands. PMID:26941625

  15. Wigner-Eisenbud-Smith photoionization time delay due to autoioinization resonances

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Deshmukh, P. C.; Kumar, A.; Varma, H. R.; Banerjee, S.; Manson, Steven T.; Dolmatov, V. K.; Kheifets, A. S.

    2018-03-01

    An empirical ansatz for the complex photoionization amplitude and Wigner-Eisenbud-Smith time delay in the vicinity of a Fano autoionization resonance are proposed to evaluate and interpret the time delay in the resonant region. The utility of this expression is evaluated in comparison with accurate numerical calculations employing the ab initio relativistic random phase approximation and relativistic multichannel quantum defect theory. The indisputably good qualitative agreement (and semiquantitative agreement) between corresponding results of the proposed model and results produced by the ab initio theories proves the usability of the model. In addition, the phenomenology of the time delay in the vicinity of multichannel autoionizing resonances is detailed.

  16. Terrestrial flora and fauna in the vicinity of the Delmarva Power and Light station and proposed expansion site. Special report 77

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Van Deusen, M.; Otto, R.G.

    1979-12-01

    The results of field surveys of the terrestrial vegetation, birds and mammals in the vicinity of the Delmarva Power and Light Company Vienna Steam Electric Station and proposed expansion area in Dorchester County, Maryland are presented. Four major habitats were identified: forest, oldfield, marsh and cultivated land. Qualitative surveys of flora and fauna were conducted to determine species present. Commercially important waterfowl, upland game birds and mammals and furbearers are discussed. The status of endangered or threatened plants (seaside alder), birds (bald eagle) and mammals (Delmarva fox squirrel) on the site is evaluated.

  17. Groundwater quality from private domestic water-supply wells in the vicinity of petroleum production in southwestern Indiana

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Risch, Martin R.; Silcox, Cheryl A.

    2016-06-02

    The U.S. Geological Survey provided technical support to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry for site selection and sample collection and analysis in a 2012 investigation of groundwater quality from 29 private domestic water-supply wells in the vicinity of petroleum production in southwestern Indiana. Petroleum hydrocarbons, oil and grease, aromatic volatile organic compounds, methane concentrations greater than 8,800 micrograms per liter, chloride concentrations greater than 250 milligrams per liter, and gross alpha radioactivity greater than 15 picocuries per liter were reported in the analysis of groundwater samples from 11 wells.

  18. Model of multistep electron transfer in a single-mode polar medium

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Feskov, S. V.; Yudanov, V. V.

    2017-09-01

    A mathematical model of multistep photoinduced electron transfer (PET) in a polar medium with a single relaxation time (Debye solvent) is developed. The model includes the polarization nonequilibrity formed in the vicinity of the donor-acceptor molecular system at the initial steps of photoreaction and its influence on the subsequent steps of PET. It is established that the results from numerical simulation of transient luminescence spectra of photoexcited donor-acceptor complexes (DAC) conform to calculated data obtained on the basis of the familiar experimental technique used to measure the relaxation function of solvent polarization in the vicinity of DAC in the picosecond and subpicosecond ranges.

  19. Anomalous behavior of nonlinear refractive indexes of CO2 and Xe in supercritical states.

    PubMed

    Mareev, Evgenii; Aleshkevich, Victor; Potemkin, Fedor; Bagratashvili, Victor; Minaev, Nikita; Gordienko, Vyacheslav

    2018-05-14

    Direct measurement of pressure dependent nonlinear refractive index of CO 2 and Xe in subcritical and supercritical states are reported. In the vicinity of the ridge (or the Widom line), corresponding to the maximum density fluctuations, the nonlinear refractive index reaches a maximum value (up to 4.8*10 -20 m 2 /W in CO 2 and 3.5*10 -20 m 2 /W in Xe). Anomalous behavior of the nonlinear refractive index in the vicinity of a ridge is caused by the cluster formation. That corresponds to the results of our theoretical assumption based on the modified Langevin theory.

  20. Deep Space Gateway - Enabling Missions to Mars

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rucker, Michelle; Connolly, John

    2017-01-01

    There are many opportunities for commonality between Lunar vicinity and Mars mission hardware and operations. Best approach: Identify Mars mission risks that can be bought down with testing in the Lunar vicinity, then explore hardware and operational concepts that work for both missions with minimal compromise. Deep Space Transport will validate the systems and capabilities required to send humans to Mars orbit and return to Earth. Deep Space Gateway provides a convenient assembly, checkout, and refurbishment location to enable Mars missions Current deep space transport concept is to fly missions of increasing complexity: Shakedown cruise, Mars orbital mission, Mars surface mission; Mars surface mission would require additional elements.

  1. Identification of microscopic hole-trapping mechanisms in nitride semiconductors

    DOE PAGES

    John L. Lyons; Krishnaswamy, Karthik; Luke Gordon; ...

    2015-12-17

    Hole trapping has been observed in nitride heterostructure devices, where the Fermi level is in the vicinity of the valence-band maximum. Using hybrid density functional calculations, we examine microscopic mechanisms for hole trapping in GaN and AlN. In a defect-free material, hole trapping does not spontaneously occur, but trapping can occur in the vicinity of impurities, such as C-a common unintentional impurity in nitrides. As a result, using Schrodinger-Poisson simulations, we assess the effects of C-derived hole traps on N-face high-electron mobility transistors, which we find to be more detrimental than the previously proposed interface traps.

  2. Shaping Ge islands on Si(001) surfaces with misorientation angle.

    PubMed

    Persichetti, L; Sgarlata, A; Fanfoni, M; Balzarotti, A

    2010-01-22

    A complete description of Ge growth on vicinal Si(001) surfaces in the angular miscut range 0 degrees -8 degrees is presented. The key role of substrate vicinality is clarified from the very early stages of Ge deposition up to the nucleation of 3D islands. By a systematic scanning tunneling microscopy investigation we are able to explain the competition between step-flow growth and 2D nucleation and the progressive elongation of the 3D islands along the miscut direction [110]. Using finite element calculations, we find a strict correlation between the morphological evolution and the energetic factors which govern the {105} faceting at atomic scale.

  3. Analytical results for 544 water samples collected in the Attean Quartz Monzonite in the vicinity of Jackman, Maine

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Ficklin, W.H.; Nowlan, G.A.; Preston, D.J.

    1983-01-01

    Water samples were collected in the vicinity of Jackman, Maine as a part of the study of the relationship of dissolved constituents in water to the sediments subjacent to the water. Each sample was analyzed for specific conductance, alkalinity, acidity, pH, fluoride, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and silica. Trace elements determined were copper, zinc, molybdenum, lead, iron, manganese, arsenic, cobalt, nickel, and strontium. The longitude and latitude of each sample location and a sample site map are included in the report as well as a table of the analytical results.

  4. Halonium ion-assisted deiodination of styrene-based vicinal iodohydrins followed by rearrangement through phenyl migration.

    PubMed

    Agrawal, Manoj K; Ghosh, Pushpito K

    2009-10-16

    Acid activation of bromate/bromide couple at 0-10 degrees C was found to trigger the deiodination of styrene-based vicinal iodohydrins. Violet coloration of the organic layer was ascribed to formation of IBr. Deiodination was followed by phenyl migration and deprotonation leading to formation of phenyl acetone and 2-phenylpropanal in good yields from 1-iodo-2-phenylpropan-2-ol and 2-iodo-1-phenylpropan-1-ol, respectively. Phenyl acetaldehyde--which was obtained in 92% GC yield from styrene iodohydrin--was also presumably formed in analogous manner. NBS and HOCl too were effective for transformation of styrene iodohydrin into phenyl acetaldehyde.

  5. Chemistry of spring and well waters on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, and vicinity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Janik, C.J.; Nathenson, M.; Scholl, M.A.

    1994-12-31

    Published and new data for chemical and isotopic samples from wells and springs on Kilauea Volcano and vicinity are presented. These data are used to understand processes that determine the chemistry of dilute meteoric water, mixtures with sea water, and thermal water. Data for well and spring samples of non-thermal water indicate that mixing with sea water and dissolution of rock from weathering are the major processes that determine the composition of dissolved constituents in water. Data from coastal springs demonstrate that there is a large thermal system south of the lower east rift of Kilauea. Samples of thermal watermore » from shallow wells in the lower east rift and vicinity have rather variable chemistry indicating that a number of processes operate in the near surface. Water sampled from the available deep wells is different in composition from the shallow thermal water, indicating that generally there is not a significant component of deep water in the shallow wells. Data for samples from available deep wells show significant gradients in chemistry and steam content of the reservoir fluid. These gradients are interpreted to indicate that the reservoir tapped by the existing wells is an evolving vapor-dominated system.« less

  6. Thermodynamic and Dynamic Aspects of Ice Nucleation

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Barahona, Donifan

    2018-01-01

    It is known that ice nucleating particles (INP) immersed within supercooled droplets promote the formation of ice. Common theoretical models used to represent this process assume that the immersed particle lowers the work of ice nucleation without significantly affecting the dynamics of water in the vicinity of the particle. This is contrary to evidence showing that immersed surfaces significantly affect the viscosity and diffusivity of vicinal water. To study how this may affect ice formation this work introduces a model linking the ice nucleation rate to the modification of the dynamics and thermodynamics of vicinal water by immersed particles. It is shown that INP that significantly reduce the work of ice nucleation also pose strong limitations to the growth of the nascent ice germs. This leads to the onset of a new ice nucleation regime, called spinodal ice nucleation, where the dynamics of ice germ growth instead of the ice germ size determines the nucleation rate. Nucleation in this regime is characterized by an enhanced sensitivity to particle area and cooling rate. Comparison of the predicted ice nucleation rate against experimental measurements for a diverse set of species relevant to cloud formation suggests that spinodal ice nucleation may be common in nature.

  7. A computational study of vicinal fluorination in 2,3-difluorobutane: implications for conformational control in alkane chains.

    PubMed

    Fox, Stephen J; Gourdain, Stephanie; Coulthurst, Anton; Fox, Clare; Kuprov, Ilya; Essex, Jonathan W; Skylaris, Chris-Kriton; Linclau, Bruno

    2015-01-19

    A comprehensive conformational analysis of both 2,3-difluorobutane diastereomers is presented based on density functional theory calculations in vacuum and in solution, as well as NMR experiments in solution. While for 1,2-difluoroethane the fluorine gauche effect is clearly the dominant effect determining its conformation, it was found that for 2,3-difluorobutane there is a complex interplay of several effects, which are of similar magnitude but often of opposite sign. As a result, unexpected deviations in dihedral angles, relative conformational energies and populations are observed which cannot be rationalised only by chemical intuition. Furthermore, it was found that it is important to consider the free energies of the various conformers, as these lead to qualitatively different results both in vacuum and in solvent, when compared to calculations based only on the electronic energies. In contrast to expectations, it was found that vicinal syn-difluoride introduction in the butane and by extension, longer hydrocarbon chains, is not expected to lead to an effective stabilisation of the linear conformation. Our findings have implications for the use of the vicinal difluoride motif for conformational control. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  8. Earthquakes in Arkansas and vicinity 1699-2010

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Dart, Richard L.; Ausbrooks, Scott M.

    2011-01-01

    This map summarizes approximately 300 years of earthquake activity in Arkansas. It is one in a series of similar State earthquake history maps. Work on the Arkansas map was done in collaboration with the Arkansas Geological Survey. The earthquake data plotted on the map are from several sources: the Arkansas Geological Survey, the Center for Earthquake Research and Information, the National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, and the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality. In addition to earthquake locations, other materials presented include seismic hazard and isoseismal maps and related text. Earthquakes are a legitimate concern in Arkansas and parts of adjacent states. Arkansas has undergone a number of significant felt earthquakes since 1811. At least two of these events caused property damage: a magnitude 4.7 earthquake in 1931, and a magnitude 4.3 earthquake in 1967. The map shows all historical and instrumentally located earthquakes in Arkansas and vicinity between 1811 and 2010. The largest historic earthquake in the vicinity of the State was an intensity XI event, on December 16, 1811; the first earthquake in the New Madrid sequence. This violent event and the earthquakes that followed caused considerable damage to the then sparsely settled region.

  9. Scattering of surface electrons by isolated steps versus periodic step arrays

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ortega, J. E.; Lobo-Checa, J.; Peschel, G.; Schirone, S.; Abd El-Fattah, Z. M.; Matena, M.; Schiller, F.; Borghetti, P.; Gambardella, P.; Mugarza, A.

    2013-03-01

    We investigate the scattering of electrons belonging to Shockley states of (111)-oriented noble metal surfaces using angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Both ARPES and STM indicate that monatomic steps on a noble metal surface may act either as strongly repulsive or highly transmissive barriers for surface electrons, depending on the coherence of the step lattice, and irrespectively of the average step spacing. By measuring curved crystal surfaces with terrace length ranging from 30 to 180 Å, we show that vicinal surfaces of Au and Ag with periodic step arrays exhibit a remarkable wave function coherence beyond 100 Å step spacings, well beyond the Fermi wavelength limit and independently of the projection of the bulk band gap on the vicinal plane. In contrast, the analysis of transmission resonances investigated by STM shows that a pair of isolated parallel steps defining a 58 Å wide terrace confines and decouples the surface state of the small terrace from that of the (111) surface. We conclude that the formation of laterally confined quantum well states in vicinal surfaces as opposed to propagating superlattice states depends on the loss of coherence driven by imperfection in the superlattice order.

  10. Changes in the Seismicity and Focal Mechanism of Small Earthquakes Prior to an MS 6.7 Earthquake in the Central Aleutian Island Arc

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Billington, Serena; Engdahl, E.R.; Price, Stephanie

    1981-01-01

    On November 4 1977, a magnitude Ms 6.7 (mb 5.7) shallow-focus thrust earthquake occurred in the vicinity of the Adak seismographic network in the central Aleutian island arc. The earthquake and its aftershock sequence occurred in an area that had not experienced a similar sequence since at least 1964. About 13 1/2 months before the main shock, the rate of occurrence of very small magnitude earthquakes increased abruptly in the immediate vicinity of the impending main shock. To search for possible variations in the focal mechanism of small events preceding the main shock, a method was developed that objectively combines first-motion data to generate composite focal-mechanism information about events occurring within a small source region. The method could not be successfully applied to the whole study area, but the results show that starting about 10 1/2 months before the November 1977 earthquake, there was a change in the mechanism of small- to moderate-sized earthquakes in the immediate vicinity of the hypocenter and possibly in other parts of the eventual aftershock zone, but not in the surrounding regions.

  11. Modelling of 67P cometary grains dynamic in the vicinity of the Rosetta spacecraft

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cipriani, F.; Altobelli, N.; Taylor, M.; Fulle, M.; Della Corte, V.; Rotundi, A.

    2017-09-01

    The interpretation of a number of Rosetta datasets (e.g. GIADA, COSIMA, MIDAS...), relies on the description of cometary grains dynamic in the close vicinity of the spacecraft. In particular the charged grains behaviour in the 3D spacecraft sheath open to the instrument entrances is complex and has not been described at such scales. The existence of a warm electrons population (a few 10eVs energy) in the cometary plasma as revealed during the Rendez-vous phase has been driving the spacecraft potential to negative values typically in the range -1 to -20V as inferred from RPC measurements [1]. Observation of cometary grains in the 10μm to mm range by GIADA and COSIMA[2] allowed to distinguish so called 'compact' grains of processed materials from the solar nebula from 'fluffy' aggregates of more primitive origin. When detected such grains have been observed to reach the instruments at m/s or less velocities. On particular it was inferred that fluffy aggregates are disrupted by electrostatic forces in the vicinity of the spacecraft due to the effects of local plasma hence resulting in particle showers observed by the instruments.

  12. Unique features of laterally aligned GeSi nanowires self-assembled on the vicinal Si (001) surface misoriented toward the [100] direction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Tong; Vastola, Guglielmo; Zhang, Yong-Wei; Ren, Qijun; Fan, Yongliang; Zhong, Zhenyang

    2015-03-01

    We demonstrate laterally aligned and catalyst-free GeSi nanowires (NWs) via self-assembly of Ge on miscut Si (001) substrates toward the [100] direction by an angle θ (θ < 11°). The NWs are bordered by (001) and (105) facets, which are thermodynamically stable. By tuning the miscut angle θ, the NW height can be easily modulated with a nearly constant width. The thickness of the wetting layer beneath the NWs also shows a peculiar behavior with a minimum at around 6°. An analytical model, considering the variation of both the surface energy and the strain energy of the epilayer on vicinal surfaces with the miscut angle and layer thickness, shows good overall agreement with the experimental results. It discloses that both the surface energy and stain energy of the epilayer on vicinal surfaces can be considerably affected in the same trend by the surface steps. Our results not only shed new light on the growth mechanism during heteroepitaxial growth, but also pave a prominent way to fabricate and meanwhile modulate laterally aligned and dislocation-free NWs.We demonstrate laterally aligned and catalyst-free GeSi nanowires (NWs) via self-assembly of Ge on miscut Si (001) substrates toward the [100] direction by an angle θ (θ < 11°). The NWs are bordered by (001) and (105) facets, which are thermodynamically stable. By tuning the miscut angle θ, the NW height can be easily modulated with a nearly constant width. The thickness of the wetting layer beneath the NWs also shows a peculiar behavior with a minimum at around 6°. An analytical model, considering the variation of both the surface energy and the strain energy of the epilayer on vicinal surfaces with the miscut angle and layer thickness, shows good overall agreement with the experimental results. It discloses that both the surface energy and stain energy of the epilayer on vicinal surfaces can be considerably affected in the same trend by the surface steps. Our results not only shed new light on the growth mechanism during heteroepitaxial growth, but also pave a prominent way to fabricate and meanwhile modulate laterally aligned and dislocation-free NWs. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07433e

  13. Nanoplasmonics tuned "click chemistry".

    PubMed

    Tijunelyte, I; Guenin, E; Lidgi-Guigui, N; Colas, F; Ibrahim, J; Toury, T; Lamy de la Chapelle, M

    2016-04-07

    Nanoplasmonics is a growing field of optical condensed matter science dedicated to optical phenomena at the nanoscale level in metal systems. Extensive research on noble metallic nanoparticles (NPs) has emerged within the last two decades due to their ability to keep the optical energy concentrated in the vicinity of NPs, in particular, the ability to create optical near-field enhancement followed by heat generation. We have exploited these properties in order to induce a localised "click" reaction in the vicinity of gold nanostructures under unfavourable experimental conditions. We demonstrate that this reaction can be controlled by the plasmonic properties of the nanostructures and we propose two physical mechanisms to interpret the observed plasmonic tuning of the "click" chemistry.

  14. DFT study of the molybdenum-catalyzed deoxydehydration of vicinal diols.

    PubMed

    Lupp, Daniel; Christensen, Niels Johan; Dethlefsen, Johannes R; Fristrup, Peter

    2015-02-16

    The mechanism of the molybdenum-catalyzed deoxydehydration (DODH) of vicinal diols has been investigated using density functional theory. The proposed catalytic cycle involves condensation of the diol with an Mo(VI) oxo complex, oxidative cleavage of the diol resulting in an Mo(IV) complex, and extrusion of the alkene. We have compared the proposed pathway with several alternatives, and the results have been corroborated by comparison with the molybdenum-catalyzed sulfoxide reduction recently published by Sanz et al. and with experimental observations for the DODH itself. Improved understanding of the mechanism should expedite future optimization of molybdenum-catalyzed biomass transformations. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  15. Origins of interlayer formation and misfit dislocation displacement in the vicinity of InAs/GaAs quantum dots

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Huang, S.; Kim, S. J.; Pan, X. Q.

    We have examined the origins of interlayer formation and misfit dislocation (MD) displacement in the vicinity of InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs). For QDs formed by the Stranski-Krastanov mode, regularly spaced MDs nucleate at the interface between the QD and the GaAs buffer layer. In the droplet epitaxy case, both In island formation and In-induced “nano-drilling” of the GaAs buffer layer are observed during In deposition. Upon annealing under As flux, the In islands are converted to InAs QDs, with an InGaAs interlayer at the QD/buffer interface. Meanwhile, MDs nucleate at the QD/interlayer interface.

  16. On the origin of enhanced sensitivity in nanoscale FET-based biosensors

    PubMed Central

    Shoorideh, Kaveh; Chui, Chi On

    2014-01-01

    Electrostatic counter ion screening is a phenomenon that is detrimental to the sensitivity of charge detection in electrolytic environments, such as in field-effect transistor-based biosensors. Using simple analytical arguments, we show that electrostatic screening is weaker in the vicinity of concave curved surfaces, and stronger in the vicinity of convex surfaces. We use this insight to show, using numerical simulations, that the enhanced sensitivity observed in nanoscale biosensors is due to binding of biomolecules in concave corners where screening is reduced. We show that the traditional argument, that increased surface area-to-volume ratio for nanoscale sensors is responsible for their increased sensitivity, is incorrect. PMID:24706861

  17. Sugar bislactones by one-step oxidative dimerisation with pyridinium chlorochromate versus regioselective oxidation of vicinal diols.

    PubMed

    Rauter, Amélia P; Piedade, Fátima; Almeida, Tânia; Ramalho, Rui; Ferreira, Maria J; Resende, Ricardo; Amado, Joana; Pereira, Helena; Justino, Jorge; Neves, Ana; Silva, Filipa V M; Canda, Tana

    2004-08-02

    Synthesis of 10-membered bislactones by PCC oxidation of methyl 2,6-di-O-pivaloyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside and methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is described, with emphasis on their structure elucidation using the information gained by combination of NMR spectroscopic techniques with X-ray diffraction data. In alternative, the use of PCC and PCC adsorbed on silica gel or alumina for the regioselective oxidation of vicinal diols in sugars is also reported. Both bislactones showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and were slightly active against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. The bislactone presenting pivaloyl protecting groups also promoted some growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus.

  18. Users manual for coordinate generation code CRDSRA

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shamroth, S. J.

    1985-01-01

    Generation of a viable coordinate system represents an important component of an isolated airfoil Navier-Stokes calculation. The manual describes a computer code for generation of such a coordinate system. The coordinate system is a general nonorthogonal one in which high resolution normal to the airfoil is obtained in the vicinity of the airfoil surface, and high resolution along the airfoil surface is obtained in the vicinity of the airfoil leading edge. The method of generation is a constructive technique which leads to a C type coordinate grid. The method of construction as well as input and output definitions are contained herein. The computer code itself as well as a sample output is being submitted to COSMIC.

  19. Water-level data from wells in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Richey, S.F.

    1987-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey monitored water levels in wells in the vicinity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, a storage facility constructed in bedded salts in which defense-associated transuranic wastes will be deposited, in southeastern New Mexico during 1977 to 1985. A variety of methods was used to measure water levels. The particular method utilized at a given time depended on several factors, including the amount of condensation in the well, well-head configuration, depth to water, rate of water level change, and availability of equipment. The five methods utilized were: air line, Lynes pressure sentry system, M-scope, steel tape, and winch. (Lantz-PTT)

  20. [Health risk railroad noise - prognosis of potential health risks subsequent to night-time exposure to railroad noise in the German part of the Transversal Rotterdam Genova].

    PubMed

    Greiser, E

    2014-12-01

    Based on risk coefficients for cardiovascular and psychiatric disease derived from a case-control study in the vicinity of a major German airport, statistics on persons exposed to night-time railroad noise in the vicinity of the Rotterdam-Genova Transversal, and on health expenditure calculations by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany a prognosis on effects of railroad noise was performed. It resulted for 1 10-year period in nearly 75 000 excess cases of diseases, nearly 30 000 excess deaths and health expenditures of 3.8 billion euros. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  1. Relativistic time transfer in the vicinity of the Earth and in the solar system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nelson, Robert A.

    2011-08-01

    The algorithms for relativistic time transfer in the vicinity of the Earth and in the solar system are derived. The concepts of proper time and coordinate time are distinguished. The coordinate time elapsed during the transport of a clock and the propagation of an electromagnetic signal is analysed in three coordinate systems: an Earth-Centred Inertial (ECI) coordinate system, an Earth-Centred Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinate system and a barycentric coordinate system. The timescales of Geocentric Coordinate Time (TCG), Terrestrial Time (TT) and Barycentric Coordinate Time (TCB) are defined and their relationships are discussed. Some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the magnitudes of the effects.

  2. Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2010 Australia plate and vicinity

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Benz, Harley M.; Herman, Matthew; Tarr, Arthur C.; Hayes, Gavin P.; Furlong, Kevin P.; Villaseñor, Antonio; Dart, Richard L.; Rhea, Susan

    2011-01-01

    This map shows details of the Australia plate and vicinity not presented in Tarr and others (2010). The boundary of the Australia plate includes all fundamental plate boundary components: mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, arc-continent collisions, and large-offset transform faults. Along the southern edge of the plate the mid-ocean ridge separates the Australia and Antarctica plates and its behavior is straightforward. In contrast, the other boundary segments that ring the Australia plate represent some of the most seismically active elements of the global plate boundary system, and some of the most rapidly evolving plate interactions. As a result, there are some very complex structures which host many large and great earthquakes

  3. Adding localization information in a fingerprint binary feature vector representation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bringer, Julien; Despiegel, Vincent; Favre, Mélanie

    2011-06-01

    At BTAS'10, a new framework to transform a fingerprint minutiae template into a binary feature vector of fixed length is described. A fingerprint is characterized by its similarity with a fixed number set of representative local minutiae vicinities. This approach by representative leads to a fixed length binary representation, and, as the approach is local, it enables to deal with local distortions that may occur between two acquisitions. We extend this construction to incorporate additional information in the binary vector, in particular on localization of the vicinities. We explore the use of position and orientation information. The performance improvement is promising for utilization into fast identification algorithms or into privacy protection algorithms.

  4. Primordial inhomogeneities in the expanding universe. I - Density and velocity distributions of galaxies in the vicinities of rich clusters

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Silk, J.; Wilson, M. L.

    1979-01-01

    The density profiles and Hubble flow deviations in the vicinities of rich galaxy clusters are derived for a variety of models of initial density and velocity perturbations at the recombination epoch. The galaxy correlation function, measured with respect to the Abell clusters, is used to normalize the theoretical models. The angular scales of the required primordial inhomogeneities are calculated. It is found that the resulting density profiles around rich clusters are surprisingly insensitive to the shape of the initial perturbations and also to the cosmological density parameter, Omega. However, it is shown that the distribution of galaxy radial velocities can provide a possible means of deriving Omega.

  5. Advances in cardiovascular fluid mechanics: bench to bedside.

    PubMed

    Dasi, Lakshmi P; Sucosky, Philippe; de Zelicourt, Diane; Sundareswaran, Kartik; Jimenez, Jorge; Yoganathan, Ajit P

    2009-04-01

    This paper presents recent advances in cardiovascular fluid mechanics that define the current state of the art. These studies include complex multimodal investigations with advanced measurement and simulation techniques. We first discuss the complex flows within the total cavopulmonary connection in Fontan patients. We emphasize the quantification of energy losses by studying the importance of caval offsets as well as the differences among various Fontan surgical protocols. In our studies of the fluid mechanics of prosthetic heart valves, we reveal for the first time the full three-dimensional complexity of flow fields in the vicinity of bileaflet and trileaflet valves and the microscopic hinge flow dynamics. We also present results of these valves functioning in a patient-specific native aorta geometry. Our in vitro mitral valve studies show the complex mechanism of the native mitral valve apparatus. We demonstrate that the different components of the mitral valve have independent and synergistically complex functions that allow the valve to operate efficiently. We also show how valve mechanics change under pathological and repair conditions associated with enlarged ventricles. Finally, our ex vivo studies on the interactions between the aortic valve and its surrounding hemodynamic environment are aimed at providing insights into normal valve function and valve pathology. We describe the development of organ- and tissue-culture systems and the biological response of the tissue subjected to their respective simulated mechanical environment. The studies noted above have enhanced our understanding of the complex fluid mechanics associated with the cardiovascular system and have led to new translational technologies.

  6. Evolutionary Space Communications Architectures for Human/Robotic Exploration and Science Missions

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bhasin, Kul; Hayden, Jeffrey L.

    2004-01-01

    NASA enterprises have growing needs for an advanced, integrated, communications infrastructure that will satisfy the capabilities needed for multiple human, robotic and scientific missions beyond 2015. Furthermore, the reliable, multipoint infrastructure is required to provide continuous, maximum coverage of areas of concentrated activities, such as around Earth and in the vicinity of the Moon or Mars, with access made available on demand of the human or robotic user. As a first step, the definitions of NASA's future space communications and networking architectures are underway. Architectures that describe the communications and networking needed between the nodal regions consisting of Earth, Moon, Lagrange points, Mars, and the places of interest within the inner and outer solar system have been laid out. These architectures will need the modular flexibility that must be included in the communication and networking technologies to enable the infrastructure to grow in capability with time and to transform from supporting robotic missions in the solar system to supporting human ventures to Mars, Jupiter, Jupiter's moons, and beyond. The protocol-based networking capability seamlessly connects the backbone, access, inter-spacecraft and proximity network elements of the architectures employed in the infrastructure. In this paper, we present the summary of NASA's near and long term needs and capability requirements that were gathered by participative methods. We describe an integrated architecture concept and model that will enable communications for evolutionary robotic and human science missions. We then define the communication nodes, their requirements, and various options to connect them.

  7. Evolutionary Space Communications Architectures for Human/Robotic Exploration and Science Missions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bhasin, Kul; Hayden, Jeffrey L.

    2004-02-01

    NASA enterprises have growing needs for an advanced, integrated, communications infrastructure that will satisfy the capabilities needed for multiple human, robotic and scientific missions beyond 2015. Furthermore, the reliable, multipoint infrastructure is required to provide continuous, maximum coverage of areas of concentrated activities, such as around Earth and in the vicinity of the Moon or Mars, with access made available on demand of the human or robotic user. As a first step, the definitions of NASA's future space communications and networking architectures are underway. Architectures that describe the communications and networking needed between the nodal regions consisting of Earth, Moon, Lagrange points, Mars, and the places of interest within the inner and outer solar system have been laid out. These architectures will need the modular flexibility that must be included in the communication and networking technologies to enable the infrastructure to grow in capability with time and to transform from supporting robotic missions in the solar system to supporting human ventures to Mars, Jupiter, Jupiter's moons, and beyond. The protocol-based networking capability seamlessly connects the backbone, access, inter-spacecraft and proximity network elements of the architectures employed in the infrastructure. In this paper, we present the summary of NASA's near and long term needs and capability requirements that were gathered by participative methods. We describe an integrated architecture concept and model that will enable communications for evolutionary robotic and human science missions. We then define the communication nodes, their requirements, and various options to connect them.

  8. Methodology for the investigation of ignition near hot surfaces in a high-pressure shock tube

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Niegemann, P.; Fikri, M.; Wlokas, I.; Röder, M.; Schulz, C.

    2018-05-01

    Autoignition of fuel/air mixtures is a determining process in internal combustion engines. Ignition can start either homogeneously in the gas phase after compression or in the vicinity of hot surfaces. While ignition properties of commercial fuels are conventionally described by a single quantity (octane number), it is known that some fuels have a varying propensity to the two processes. We present a new experimental concept that generates well-controlled temperature inhomogeneities in the shock-heated gases of a high-pressure shock tube. A shock-heated reactive mixture is brought into contact with a heated silicon nitride ceramic glow plug. The glow-plug temperature can be set up to 1200 K, higher than the post-reflected-shock gas temperatures (650-1050 K). High-repetition-rate chemiluminescence imaging is used to localize the onset of ignition in the vicinity of the hot surface. In experiments with ethanol, the results show that in most cases under shock-heated conditions, the ignition begins inhomogeneously in the vicinity of the glow plug and is favored because of the high wall temperature. Additionally, the interaction of geometry, external heating, and gas-dynamic effects was investigated by numerical simulations of the shock wave in a non-reactive flow.

  9. Sediment porewater toxicity assessment studies in the vicinity of offshore oil and gas production platforms in the Gulf of Mexico

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Carr, R.S.; Chapman, D.C.; Presley, B.J.; Biedenbach, J.M.; Robertson, L.; Boothe, P.; Kilada, R.; Wade, T.; Montagna, P.

    1996-01-01

    As part of a multidisciplinary program to assess the potential long-term impacts of offshore oil and gas exploration and production activities in the Gulf of Mexico, sediment chemical analyses and porewater toxicity tests were conducted in the vicinity of five offshore platforms. Based on data from sea urchin fertilization and embryological development assays, toxicity was observed near four of the five platforms sampled; the majority of the toxic samples were collected within 150 m of a platform. There was excellent agreement among the results of porewater tests with three different species (sea urchin embryological development, polychaete reproduction, and copepod nauplii survival). The sediment concentrations of several metals were well in excess of sediment quality assessment guidelines at a number of stations, and good agreement was observed between predicted and observed toxicity. Porewater metal concentrations compared with EC50, LOEC, and NOEC values generated for water-only exposures indicated that the porewater concentrations for several metals were high enough to account for the observed toxicity. Results of these studies utilizing highly sensitive toxicity tests suggest that the contaminant-induced impacts from offshore platforms are limited to a localized area in the immediate vicinity of the platforms. 

  10. Neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the vicinity of the magnetic axis in tokamaks with broken symmetry

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shaing, K. C.; Lee, H.; Seol, J.; Aydemir, A. Y.

    2015-08-01

    Theory for neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the low collisionality regime is extended to the vicinity of the magnetic axis in tokamaks with broken symmetry. The toroidal viscosity is induced by particles drifting off the perturbed magnetic surface under the influence of the symmetry breaking magnetic field. In the region away from the magnetic axis, the drift orbit dynamics is governed by the bounce averaged drift kinetic equation in the low collisionality regimes. In the vicinity of the magnetic axis, it is the drift kinetic equation, averaged over the trapped particle orbits, i.e., potato orbits, that governs the drift dynamics. The orbit averaged drift kinetic equation is derived when collision frequency is low enough for trapped particles to complete their potato trajectories. The resultant equation is solved in the 1 /ν regime to obtain transport fluxes and, thus, toroidal plasma viscosity through flux-force relation. Here, ν is the collision frequency. The viscosity does not vanish on the magnetic axis, and has the same scalings as that in the region away from magnetic axis, except that the fraction of bananas is replaced by the fraction of potatoes. It also has a weak radial dependence. Modeling of plasma flow velocity V for the case where the magnetic surfaces are broken is also discussed.

  11. Thermal Hawking radiation of black hole with supertranslation field

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Iofa, Mikhail Z.

    2018-01-01

    Using the analytical solution for the Schwarzschild metric containing supertranslation field, we consider two main ingredients of calculation of the thermal Hawking black hole radiation: solution for eigenmodes of the d'Alambertian and solution of the geodesic equations for null geodesics. For calculation of Hawking radiation it is essential to determine the behavior of both the eigenmodes and geodesics in the vicinity of horizon. The equation for the eigenmodes is solved, first, perturbatively in the ratio O( C) /M of the supertranslation field to the mass of black hole, and, next, non-perturbatively in the near- horizon region. It is shown that in any order of perturbation theory solution for the eigenmodes in the metric containing supertranslation field differs from solution in the pure Schwarzschild metric by terms of order L 1/2 = (1 - 2 M/r)1/2. In the non-perturbative approach, solution for the eigenmodes differs from solution in the Schwarzschild metric by terms of order L 1/2 which vanish on horizon. Using the simplified form of geodesic equations in vicinity of horizon, it is shown that in vicinity of horizon the null geodesics have the same behavior as in the Schwarzschild metric. As a result, the density matrices of thermal radiation in both cases are the same.

  12. Effects of mobile phone use on specific intensive care unit devices.

    PubMed

    Hans, Nidhi; Kapadia, Farhad N

    2008-10-01

    To observe the effects of mobile phone use in the vicinity of medical devices used in a critical care setting. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) was tested by using two types of mobile phones - GSM and CDMA. Mobile phones were placed at a distance of one foot from three medical devices - syringe pump, mechanical ventilator, and the bedside monitor - in switch off, standby, and talking modes of the phone. Medical devices were observed for any interference caused by the electromagnetic radiations (EMR) from the mobile phones. Out of the three medical devices that were tested, EMI occurred while using the mobile phone in the vicinity of the syringe pump, in the 'talk mode.' The mean variation observed in the calculated and delivered volume of the syringe pump was 2.66 ml. Mechanical ventilator did not show any specific adverse effects with mobile phone use in the one-foot vicinity. No other adverse effects or unexplained malfunctions or shutdown of the syringe pump, mechanical ventilator, or the bedside monitor was noted during the study period of 36 hours. EMI from mobile phones have an adverse effect on the medical devices used in critical care setup. They should be used at least one foot away from the diameter of the syringe pump.

  13. Structural and topological phase transitions on the German Stock Exchange

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wiliński, M.; Sienkiewicz, A.; Gubiec, T.; Kutner, R.; Struzik, Z. R.

    2013-12-01

    We find numerical and empirical evidence for dynamical, structural and topological phase transitions on the (German) Frankfurt Stock Exchange (FSE) in the temporal vicinity of the worldwide financial crash. Using the Minimal Spanning Tree (MST) technique, a particularly useful canonical tool of the graph theory, two transitions of the topology of a complex network representing the FSE were found. The first transition is from a hierarchical scale-free MST representing the stock market before the recent worldwide financial crash, to a superstar-like MST decorated by a scale-free hierarchy of trees representing the market’s state for the period containing the crash. Subsequently, a transition is observed from this transient, (meta)stable state of the crash to a hierarchical scale-free MST decorated by several star-like trees after the worldwide financial crash. The phase transitions observed are analogous to the ones we obtained earlier for the Warsaw Stock Exchange and more pronounced than those found by Onnela-Chakraborti-Kaski-Kertész for the S&P 500 index in the vicinity of Black Monday (October 19, 1987) and also in the vicinity of January 1, 1998. Our results provide an empirical foundation for the future theory of dynamical, structural and topological phase transitions on financial markets.

  14. Digital Geologic Map of the Nevada Test Site and Vicinity, Nye, Lincoln, and Clark Counties, Nevada, and Inyo County, California

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Slate, Janet L.; Berry, Margaret E.; Rowley, Peter D.; Fridrich, Christopher J.; Morgan, Karen S.; Workman, Jeremiah B.; Young, Owen D.; Dixon, Gary L.; Williams, Van S.; McKee, Edwin H.; Ponce, David A.; Hildenbrand, Thomas G.; Swadley, W.C.; Lundstrom, Scott C.; Ekren, E. Bartlett; Warren, Richard G.; Cole, James C.; Fleck, Robert J.; Lanphere, Marvin A.; Sawyer, David A.; Minor, Scott A.; Grunwald, Daniel J.; Laczniak, Randell J.; Menges, Christopher M.; Yount, James C.; Jayko, Angela S.

    1999-01-01

    This digital geologic map of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and vicinity, as well as its accompanying digital geophysical maps, are compiled at 1:100,000 scale. The map compilation presents new polygon (geologic map unit contacts), line (fault, fold axis, metamorphic isograd, dike, and caldera wall) and point (structural attitude) vector data for the NTS and vicinity, Nye, Lincoln, and Clark Counties, Nevada, and Inyo County, California. The map area covers two 30 x 60-minute quadrangles-the Pahute Mesa quadrangle to the north and the Beatty quadrangle to the south-plus a strip of 7.5-minute quadrangles on the east side-72 quadrangles in all. In addition to the NTS, the map area includes the rest of the southwest Nevada volcanic field, part of the Walker Lane, most of the Amargosa Desert, part of the Funeral and Grapevine Mountains, some of Death Valley, and the northern Spring Mountains. This geologic map improves on previous geologic mapping of the same area (Wahl and others, 1997) by providing new and updated Quaternary and bedrock geology, new geophysical interpretations of faults beneath the basins, and improved GIS coverages. Concurrent publications to this one include a new isostatic gravity map (Ponce and others, 1999) and a new aeromagnetic map (Ponce, 1999).

  15. Spatiotemporal regulation of cell fusion by JNK and JAK/STAT signaling during Drosophila wound healing.

    PubMed

    Lee, Ji-Hyun; Lee, Chan-Wool; Park, Si-Hyoung; Choe, Kwang-Min

    2017-06-01

    Cell-cell fusion is widely observed during development and disease, and imposes a dramatic change on participating cells. Cell fusion should be tightly controlled, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we found that the JAK/STAT pathway suppressed cell fusion during wound healing in the Drosophila larval epidermis, restricting cell fusion to the vicinity of the wound. In the absence of JAK/STAT signaling, a large syncytium containing a 3-fold higher number of nuclei than observed in wild-type tissue formed in wounded epidermis. The JAK/STAT ligand-encoding genes upd2 and upd3 were transcriptionally induced by wounding, and were required for suppressing excess cell fusion. JNK (also known as Basket in flies) was activated in the wound vicinity and activity peaked at ∼8 h after injury, whereas JAK/STAT signaling was activated in an adjoining concentric ring and activity peaked at a later stage. Cell fusion occurred primarily in the wound vicinity, where JAK/STAT activation was suppressed by fusion-inducing JNK signaling. JAK/STAT signaling was both necessary and sufficient for the induction of βPS integrin (also known as Myospheroid) expression, suggesting that the suppression of cell fusion was mediated at least in part by integrin protein. © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

  16. Study on the potential inhibition of root dentine wear adjacent to fluoride-containing restorations.

    PubMed

    Turssi, Cecilia Pedroso; Hara, Anderson Takeo; Domiciano, Silvia Jorge; Serra, Mônica Campos

    2008-01-01

    The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine whether the vicinity of root dentine that had been restored with fluoride-releasing materials was at reduced risk for erosive/abrasive wear compared to root dentine restored with a non-fluoride-containing material. According to a randomized complete block design, standardized cavities prepared on the surface of 150 bovine root dentine slabs were restored with glass-ionomer cement, resin-modified glass ionomer, polyacid-modified resin composite, fluoride-containing or conventional composite. Specimens were coated with two layers of an acid-resistant nail varnish exposing half of the dentine surface and half of the restoration. Subsequently, specimens were either eroded in an acidic drink or left uneroded, then exposed to artificial saliva and abraded in a toothbrushing machine. Wear depth in the vicinity of restorations was quantified by a stylus profilometer, based on the nonabraded areas surrounding the erosion/abrasion region. Two-way ANOVA did not demonstrate significant interaction between restoratives and eroded-uneroded dentine (p=0.5549) nor significant difference among restorative materials (p=0.8639). Tukey's test ascertained that the wear depth was higher for eroded than for uneroded groups. Fluoride-releasing materials seemed to negligibly inhibit wear in the vicinity of restored root dentine subjected to erosive/abrasive challenges.

  17. Numerical simulation of blast wave propagation in vicinity of standalone prism on flat plate

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Valger, Svetlana; Fedorova, Natalya; Fedorov, Alexander

    2018-03-01

    In the paper, numerical simulation of shock wave propagation in the vicinity of a standalone prism and a prism with a cavity in front of it was carried out. The modeling was based on the solution of 3D Euler equations and Fluent software was used as a main computational tool. The algorithm for local dynamic mesh adaptation to high gradients of pressure was applied. The initial stage of the explosion of condensed explosive was described with the help of "Compressed balloon method". The research allowed describing the characteristic stages of the blast in a semi-closed space, the structure of secondary shock waves and their interaction with obstacles. The numerical approach in Fluent based on combining inviscid gas dynamics methods and "Compressed balloon method" was compared with the method which had been used by the authors earlier with the help of AUTODYN and which is based on the use of the hydrodynamic model of a material to describe state of detonation products. For the problem of shock wave propagation in the vicinity of standalone prism the comparison of the simulation results obtained using both the methods with the experimental data was performed on the dependence of static pressure and effective momentum on time for the characteristic points located on prism walls.

  18. Methodology for the investigation of ignition near hot surfaces in a high-pressure shock tube.

    PubMed

    Niegemann, P; Fikri, M; Wlokas, I; Röder, M; Schulz, C

    2018-05-01

    Autoignition of fuel/air mixtures is a determining process in internal combustion engines. Ignition can start either homogeneously in the gas phase after compression or in the vicinity of hot surfaces. While ignition properties of commercial fuels are conventionally described by a single quantity (octane number), it is known that some fuels have a varying propensity to the two processes. We present a new experimental concept that generates well-controlled temperature inhomogeneities in the shock-heated gases of a high-pressure shock tube. A shock-heated reactive mixture is brought into contact with a heated silicon nitride ceramic glow plug. The glow-plug temperature can be set up to 1200 K, higher than the post-reflected-shock gas temperatures (650-1050 K). High-repetition-rate chemiluminescence imaging is used to localize the onset of ignition in the vicinity of the hot surface. In experiments with ethanol, the results show that in most cases under shock-heated conditions, the ignition begins inhomogeneously in the vicinity of the glow plug and is favored because of the high wall temperature. Additionally, the interaction of geometry, external heating, and gas-dynamic effects was investigated by numerical simulations of the shock wave in a non-reactive flow.

  19. Response of key stress-related genes of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica in the vicinity of submarine volcanic vents

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lauritano, C.; Ruocco, M.; Dattolo, E.; Buia, M. C.; Silva, J.; Santos, R.; Olivé, I.; Costa, M. M.; Procaccini, G.

    2015-03-01

    Submarine volcanic vents are being used as natural laboratories to assess the effects of CO2 on marine organisms and communities, as this gas is the main component of emissions. Seagrasses should positively react to increased dissolved carbon, but in vicinity of volcanic vents there may be toxic substances, that can have indirect effects on seagrasses. Here we analysed the expression of 35 stress-related genes in the Mediterranean keystone seagrass species P. oceanica in the vicinity of submerged volcanic vents located in the Islands of Ischia and Panarea, Italy, and compared them with those from control sites away from the influence of vents. Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to characterize the expression levels of genes. Fifty one per cent of genes analysed showed significant expression changes. Metal detoxification genes were mostly down-regulated in relation to controls both in Ischia and Panarea locations, indicating that P. oceanica does not increase the synthesis of heavy metal detoxification proteins in response to the environmental conditions present at the two vents. The expression levels of genes involved in free radical detoxification indicate that, in contrast with Ischia, P. oceanica at the Panarea vent face stressors that result in the production of reactive oxygen species triggering antioxidant responses. In addition, heat shock proteins were also activated at Panarea and not at Ischia. Overall, our study reveals that P. oceanica is generally under higher stress in the vicinity of the vents at Panarea than at Ischia, possibly resulting from environmental and evolutionary differences existing between the two volcanic sites. This is the first study analysing gene responses in marine plants living near natural CO2 vents and our results call for a careful consideration of factors, other than CO2 and acidification, that can cause stress to seagrasses and other organisms near volcanic vents.

  20. Effects of waste-disposal practices on ground-water quality at five poultry (broiler) farms in north-central Florida, 1992-93

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Hatzell, H.H.

    1995-01-01

    Waste-disposal areas such as chicken-house floors, litter stockpiles, fields that receive applications of litter, and dead-chicken pits are potential sources of nitrates and other chemical constituents in downward-percolating recharge water. Broiler- farms in north-central Florida are concentrated in a region where the Upper Floridan aquifer is unconfined and susceptible to contamination. Eighteen monitoring wells installed at five sites were sampled quarterly from March 1992 through January 1993. Increases in median concentrations of constituents relative to an upgradient well were used to determine the source of the nitrate at two sites. At these sites, increases in the median concentrations of nitrate as nitrogen in ground water in the vicinity of waste-disposal areas at these sites were: 5.4 mg/L for one chicken house; 9.0 mg/L for a second chicken house; 2.0 mg/L for a fallow field that received an application of litter; and, 2.0 mg/L for a dead-chicken pit. At the three remaining sites where the direction of local ground-water flow could not be ascertained, the sources of concentrations of nitrate and other constituents could not be determined. However, median nitrate concentrations in the vicinity of waste-disposal areas at these sites were: 45.5 mg/L for a set of two chicken houses; 3.0 mg/L for a stockpile area; and 2.1 mg/L for a hayfield that received an application of litter. The nitrate concentration in ground water in the vicinity of a field that had previously received heavy applications of litter increased from 3.0 mg/L to 105 mg/L approximately 4 months after receiving an application of commercial fertilizer. Increases in concentrations of organic nitrogen in ground water in the vicinity of waste-disposal areas may be related to the decomposition of litter and subsequent movement with downward percolating recharge water.(USGS)

  1. Concentrations of antifouling biocides in sediment and mussel samples collected from Otsuchi bay, Japan.

    PubMed

    Harino, Hiroya; Yamamoto, Yoshikazu; Eguchi, Sayaka; Kawai, Shini'chiro; Kurokawa, Yuko; Arai, Takaomi; Ohji, Madoka; Okamura, Hideo; Miyazaki, Nobuyuki

    2007-02-01

    Organotin compounds (OTs) and representative booster biocides were measured in sediment and mussels from Otsuchi Bay, Japan. The mean amounts of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) compounds in sediment were 13 microg kg(-1) dry and 3 microg kg(-1) dry, respectively. Representative booster biocides (Sea-Nine 211, Diuron, Dichlofluanid, Irgarol 1501, M1, which is a degradation compound of Irgarol 1051, and Copper pyrithione) were also detected in sediment from Otsuchi Bay. OT concentrations were higher than those of the measured booster biocides. Otsuchi Bay was divided into four parts by cluster analysis based on OT concentrations in sediment sampled from the bay. These areas included the vicinity of a shipyard, a small fishing port, the closed inner area of the bay, and the mouth of the bay. Higher concentrations of TBT and TPT and a higher ratio of TBT to total BTs were observed in the vicinity of the shipyard. A higher concentration of TPT in comparison with TBT was detected in a small fishing port. Furthermore, OT concentrations in the mouth of the bay were higher than those in the closed-off section. OT concentrations in mussels decreased with distance from the shipyard. Otsuchi Bay was then divided into three parts by cluster analysis based on the concentrations of representative booster biocides found in the bay's sediment. These areas included the vicinity of a shipyard, a small fishing port, and other sites. Concentrations of Diuron and Irgarol 1051 in the vicinity of a shipyard and a small fishing port were dramatically high in comparison with the other sites. Copper pyrithione and Dichlofluanid in addition to Diuron and Irgarol 1051 were also detected in the area of a small fishing port. The concentrations of antifouling biocides were highest in the water in front of the shipyard and showed a marked decrease with distance from the shipyard.

  2. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ohashi, Haruhiko, E-mail: hohashi@spring8.or.jp; Senba, Yasunori; Yumoto, Hirokatsu

    We studied typical forms of contamination on X-ray mirrors that cause degradation of beam quality, investigated techniques to remove the contaminants, and propose methods to eliminate the sources of the contamination. The total amount of carbon-containing substances on various materials in the vicinity of a mirror was measured by thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and thermal desorption spectroscopy. It was found that cleanliness and ultra-high vacuum techniques are required to produce the contamination-free surfaces that are essential for the propagation of high-quality X-ray beams. The reduction of carbonaceous residue adsorbed on the surfaces, and absorbed into the bulk, of the materialsmore » in the vicinity of the mirrors is a key step toward achieving contamination-free X-ray optics.« less

  3. Geologic map of Yosemite National Park and vicinity, California

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Huber, N.K.; Bateman, P.C.; Wahrhaftig, Clyde

    1989-01-01

    This digital map database represents the general distribution of bedrock and surficial deposits of the Yosemite National Park vicinity. It was produced directly from the file used to create the print version in 1989. The Yosemite National Park region is comprised of portions of 15 7.5 minute quadrangles. The original publication of the map in 1989 included the map, described map units and provided correlations, as well as a geologic summary and references, all on the same sheet. The database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey. The scale of the source maps limits the spatial resolution (scale) of the database to 1:125,000 or smaller.

  4. Direct Observation of Optical Field Phase Carving in the Vicinity of Plasmonic Metasurfaces.

    PubMed

    Dagens, B; Février, M; Gogol, P; Blaize, S; Apuzzo, A; Magno, G; Mégy, R; Lerondel, G

    2016-07-13

    Plasmonic surfaces are mainly used for their optical intensity concentration properties that allow for enhancement of physical interaction like in nonlinear optics, optical sensors, or tweezers. Phase response in plasmonic resonances can also play a major role, especially in a periodic assembly of plasmonic resonators like metasurfaces. Here we show that localized surface plasmons collectively excited by a guided mode in a metallic nanostructure periodic chain present nonmonotonous phase variation along the 1D metasurface, resulting from both selective Bloch mode coupling and dipolar coupling. As shown by near-field measurements, the phase profile of the highly concentrated optical field is carved out in the vicinity of the metallic metasurface, paving the way to unusual local optical functions.

  5. Well-construction and hydrogeologic data for observation wells in the vicinity of a low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Mansue, Lawrence J.; Mills, Patrick C.

    1991-01-01

    The U.S. Geological Survey conducted hydrogeologic studies at the low-level radioactive-waste disposal site near Sheffield, Illinois, from 1976 through 1987. During that period, 108 observation wells were installed in the vicinity of the disposal site in glacial and post-glacial deposits of Quaternary age and bedrock of Pennsylvanian age. Data in this report include the location of each well, the date each well was drilled, the geologic units penetrated by each well, the physical measurements of each well, the elevations of the top (measuring point) of each well and geologic-unit contacts at each well, and the highest and lowest recorded water levels in each well.

  6. On a new scenario for the saturation of the low-threshold two-plasmon parametric decay instability of an extraordinary wave in the inhomogeneous plasma of magnetic traps

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gusakov, E. Z., E-mail: Evgeniy.Gusakov@mail.ioffe.ru; Popov, A. Yu., E-mail: a.popov@mail.ioffe.ru; Irzak, M. A., E-mail: irzak@mail.ioffe.ru

    The most probable scenario for the saturation of the low-threshold two-plasmon parametric decay instability of an electron cyclotron extraordinary wave has been analyzed. Within this scenario two upperhybrid plasmons at frequencies close to half the pump wave frequency radially trapped in the vicinity of the local maximum of the plasma density profile are excited due to the excitation of primary instability. The primary instability saturation results from the decays of the daughter upper-hybrid waves into secondary upperhybrid waves that are also radially trapped in the vicinity of the local maximum of the plasma density profile and ion Bernstein waves.

  7. Specific Features of Pressure-Fluctuation Fields in the Vicinity of a Forward-Facing Step-Backward-Facing Step Configuration

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Golubev, A. Yu.

    2018-01-01

    A computational model of inhomogeneous pressure-fluctuation fields in the vicinity of a forward-facing step-backward-facing step configuration taking into account the high degree of their mutual correlation (global correlation) is generalized from experimental data. It is shown that when determining the characteristics of pressure fluctuations that act on an elastic structure, the global correlation is represented by an additional inhomogeneous field. It is demonstrated that a high degree of correlation may lead to a significant change in the main characteristics of the pressure-fluctuation field in the wake behind the configuration. This is taken into consideration in the model by correcting the local properties of this field.

  8. Optical tweezers for studying taxis in parasites

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    de Thomaz, A. A.; Fontes, A.; Stahl, C. V.; Pozzo, L. Y.; Ayres, D. C.; Almeida, D. B.; Farias, P. M. A.; Santos, B. S.; Santos-Mallet, J.; Gomes, S. A. O.; Giorgio, S.; Feder, D.; Cesar, C. L.

    2011-04-01

    In this work we present a methodology to measure force strengths and directions of living parasites with an optical tweezers setup. These measurements were used to study the parasites chemotaxis in real time. We observed behavior and measured the force of: (i) Leishmania amazonensis in the presence of two glucose gradients; (ii) Trypanosoma cruzi in the vicinity of the digestive system walls, and (iii) Trypanosoma rangeli in the vicinity of salivary glands as a function of distance. Our results clearly show a chemotactic behavior in every case. This methodology can be used to study any type of taxis, such as chemotaxis, osmotaxis, thermotaxis, phototaxis, of any kind of living microorganisms. These studies can help us to understand the microorganism sensory systems and their response function to these gradients.

  9. Tailoring of the Perpendicular Magnetization Component in Ferromagnetic Films on a Vicinal Substrate

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stupakiewicz, A.; Maziewski, A.; Matlak, K.; Spiridis, N.; Ślęzak, M.; Ślęzak, T.; Zajac, M.; Korecki, J.

    2008-11-01

    We have engineered the magnetic properties of 1 8 nm Co films epitaxially grown on an Au-buffered bifacial W(110)/W(540) single crystal. The surface of Au/W(110) was atomically flat, whereas the Au/W(540) followed the morphology of the vicinal W surface, showing a regular array of monoatomic steps. For Co grown on Au/W(540), the existence of the out-of-plane magnetization component extended strongly to a thickness d of about 8 nm, which was accompanied by an anomalous increase of the out-of-plane switching field with increasing d. In addition, the process of up-down magnetization switching could be realized with both a perpendicular and in-plane external magnetic field.

  10. An Overview of Mars Vicinity Transportation Concepts for a Human Mars Mission

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dexter, Carol E.; Kos, Larry

    1998-01-01

    To send a piloted mission to Mars, transportation systems must be developed for the Earth to Orbit, trans Mars injection (TMI), capture into Mars orbit, Mars descent, surface stay, Mars ascent, trans Earth injection (TEI), and Earth return phases. This paper presents a brief overview of the transportation systems for the Human Mars Mission (HMM) only in the vicinity of Mars. This includes: capture into Mars orbit, Mars descent, surface stay, and Mars ascent. Development of feasible mission scenarios now is important for identification of critical technology areas that must be developed to support future human missions. Although there is no funded human Mars mission today, architecture studies are focusing on missions traveling to Mars between 2011 and the early 2020's.

  11. Environmental baseline monitoring in the area of general crude oil - Department of Energy Pleasant Bayou Number 1 - a geopressured-geothermal test well, 1978. Volume II. Appendix I. Microseismic monitoring, Teledyne Geotech, Garland, Texas. Annual report

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gustavson, T.C.

    1979-01-01

    This is an interim report on a project to monitor microseismic activity in the vicinity of a future geopressured well test site in Brazoria County, Texas. The data collected to date indicate that numerous weak seismic sources are intermittently active in the vicinity of the test site. However, all of these sources appear to be related to cultural or industrial activity of undetermined origin. At the present time there is no evidence for naturally occurring seismic acitivty within 4 kilometers of the future test site with local magnitudes in excess of 0.25.

  12. Accretion of a symmetry-breaking scalar field by a Schwarzschild black hole

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Traykova, Dina; Braden, Jonathan; Peiris, Hiranya V.

    2018-01-01

    We simulate the behaviour of a Higgs-like field in the vicinity of a Schwarzschild black hole using a highly accurate numerical framework. We consider both the limit of the zero-temperature Higgs potential and a toy model for the time-dependent evolution of the potential when immersed in a slowly cooling radiation bath. Through these numerical investigations, we aim to improve our understanding of the non-equilibrium dynamics of a symmetry-breaking field (such as the Higgs) in the vicinity of a compact object such as a black hole. Understanding this dynamics may suggest new approaches for studying properties of scalar fields using black holes as a laboratory. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue `Higgs Cosmology'.

  13. New approach to study mobility in the vicinity of dynamical arrest; exact application to a kinetically constrained model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    DeGregorio, P.; Lawlor, A.; Dawson, K. A.

    2006-04-01

    We introduce a new method to describe systems in the vicinity of dynamical arrest. This involves a map that transforms mobile systems at one length scale to mobile systems at a longer length. This map is capable of capturing the singular behavior accrued across very large length scales, and provides a direct route to the dynamical correlation length and other related quantities. The ideas are immediately applicable in two spatial dimensions, and have been applied to a modified Kob-Andersen type model. For such systems the map may be derived in an exact form, and readily solved numerically. We obtain the asymptotic behavior across the whole physical domain of interest in dynamical arrest.

  14. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Green, D.J.

    Mining activity in the vicinity of Lynn Lake in north-west Manitoba resulted in development of a number of tailings ponds that are potential sources of acid drainage. Observations such as the presence of dead trees in the vicinity of tailings pond dikes and a distinctive green coloration in one effluent pond raised concerns that confinement of acid drainage in the tailings area may be compromised and causing renewed detrimental impacts to the Lynn River and surrounding area. This report presents results of water quality and sediment surveys conducted in the Lynn Lake area. Parameters studied include pH, conductivity, calcium, sulfate,more » iron, nickel, zinc, copper, cyanide, and presence of benthos. Comparisons of the results are made with results from earlier surveys in order to determine temporal trends.« less

  15. A New Raman Water Vapor Lidar Calibration Technique and Measurements in the Vicinity of Hurricane Bonnie

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Evans, Keith D.; Demoz, Belay B.; Cadirola, Martin P.; Melfi, S. H.; Whiteman, David N.; Schwemmer, Geary K.; Starr, David OC.; Schmidlin, F. J.; Feltz, Wayne

    2000-01-01

    The NAcA/Goddard Space Flight Center Scanning Raman Lidar has made measurements of water vapor and aerosols for almost ten years. Calibration of the water vapor data has typically been performed by comparison with another water vapor sensor such as radiosondes. We present a new method for water vapor calibration that only requires low clouds, and surface pressure and temperature measurements. A sensitivity study was performed and the cloud base algorithm agrees with the radiosonde calibration to within 10- 15%. Knowledge of the true atmospheric lapse rate is required to obtain more accurate cloud base temperatures. Analysis of water vapor and aerosol measurements made in the vicinity of Hurricane Bonnie are discussed.

  16. New stands of species of the Paramecium aurelia complex (Ciliophora, Protista) in Russia (Siberia, Kamchatka).

    PubMed

    Przyboś, Ewa; Rautian, Maria; Surmacz, Marta; Bieliavskaya, Alexandra

    2013-01-01

    New stands of P. primaurelia, P. biaurelia, and P. dodecaurelia were found in Russia. P. primaurelia was recorded in Tulun (Siberia, Irkutsk region) and in three stands situated on the Kamchatka peninsula: in Lake Chalaktyrskoye, in the Valley of Geysers, and Petropavlovsk Kamchatski. P. biaurelia was also found in Tulun and in two stands in the vicinity of Lake Baikal and the Buriatia region. P. dodecaurelia was recorded in Cheboksary in European Russia and in other stands situated in Asian Russia: Novosibirsk, the vicinity of Lake Baikal, Buriatia, Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk Kamchatski, Lake Chalaktyrskoye, and Nalychevo). These data extend the ranges of species of the P. aurelia complex in Russia, however, this large territory remains understudied.

  17. Environmental Impact Analysis Process. Deployment Area Selection and Land Withdrawal/Acquisition DEIS. Chapter IV. Part III. Environmental Consequences to the Study Regions and Operating Base Vicinities.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-12-01

    4.4.2-4 Distribution of the larger playa lakes in the Texas high plains. 4-793 4.4.2-5 Distribution of elk in the vicinity of Beryl, Utah, OB. 4-796 4.4.2... lIMA 28DAA SUITABILITY AREAS * 221 Ci~)HYDROLOGIC SUBUNITS 08 SUITABILITY AREAS (2 ARIONA In 22M 2211 212 / 3222-D Table 4.3.2.10-1. Summary of energy...is constructed 4-636 W F’ 130 --- *47 In- IGIA 744 711 soo LPL IS12 13 0 Um ?S ______________ 119 47 lIMA 14PROVO 13 UTN4 SEVE -. 4 t UT "SA 2111 06

  18. Determination of bench-mark elevations at Bethel Island and vicinity, Contra Costa and San Joaquin counties, California, 1987

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Blodgett, J.C.; Ikehara, M.E.; McCaffrey, William F.

    1988-01-01

    Elevations of 49 bench marks in the southwestern part of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta were determined during October and November 1987. A total of 58 miles of level lines were run in the vicinity of Bethel Island and the community of Discovery Bay. The datum of these surveys is based on a National Geodetic Survey bench mark T934 situated on bedrock 10.5 mi east of Mount Diablo and near Marsh Creek Reservoir. The accuracy of these levels, based on National Geodetic Survey standards, was of first, second, and third order, depending on the various segments surveyed. Several bench marks were noted as possibly being stable, but most show evidence of instability. (USGS)

  19. Numerical investigation of hydrodynamic flow over an AUV moving in the water-surface vicinity considering the laminar-turbulent transition

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Salari, Mahmoud; Rava, Amin

    2017-09-01

    Nowadays, Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are frequently used for exploring the oceans. The hydrodynamics of AUVs moving in the vicinity of the water surface are significantly different at higher depths. In this paper, the hydrodynamic coefficients of an AUV in non-dimensional depths of 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4D are obtained for movement close to the free-surface. Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Equations (RANS) are discretized using the finite volume approach and the water-surface effects modeled using the Volume of Fraction (VOF) method. As the operating speeds of AUVs are usually low, the boundary layer over them is not fully laminar or fully turbulent, so the effect of boundary layer transition from laminar to turbulent flow was considered in the simulations. Two different turbulence/transition models were used: 1) a full-turbulence model, the k-ɛ model, and 2) a turbulence/transition model, Menter's Transition-SST model. The results show that the Menter's Transition-SST model has a better consistency with experimental results. In addition, the wave-making effects of these bodies are studied at different immersion depths in the sea-surface vicinity or at finite depths. It is observed that the relevant pitch moments and lift coefficients are non-zero for these axi-symmetric bodies when they move close to the sea-surface. This is not expected for greater depths.

  20. Torus models of the outer disc of the Milky Way using LAMOST survey data

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Qiao; Wang, Yougang; Liu, Chao; Mao, Shude; Long, R. J.

    2017-09-01

    With a sample of 48 161 K giant stars selected from the LAMOST DR 2 catalogue, we construct torus models in a large volume extending, for the first time, from the solar vicinity to a Galactocentric distance of ∼20 kpc, reaching the outskirts of the Galactic disc. We show that the kinematics of the K giant stars match conventional models, e.g. as created by Binney in 2012, in the Solar vicinity. However such two-disc models fail if they are extended to the outer regions, even if an additional disc component is utilized. If we loosen constraints in Sun's vicinity, we find that an effective thick disc model could explain the anticentre of the MW. The Large Area Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope data imply that the sizes of the Galactic discs are much larger, and that the outer disc is much thicker, than previously thought, or alternatively that the outer structure is not a conventional disc at all. However, the velocity dispersion σ0z of the kinematically thick disc in the best-fitting model is about 80 km s-1 and has a scale parameter Rσ for an exponential distribution function of ∼19 kpc. Such a height σ0z is strongly rejected by current measurements in the solar neighbourhood, and thus a model beyond quasi-thermal, two or three thin or thick discs is required.

  1. Using expansive grasses for monitoring heavy metal pollution in the vicinity of roads.

    PubMed

    Vachová, Pavla; Vach, Marek; Najnarová, Eva

    2017-10-01

    We propose a method for monitoring heavy metal deposition in the vicinity of roads using the leaf surfaces of two expansive grass species which are greatly abundant. A principle of the proposed procedure is to minimize the number of operations in collecting and preparing samples for analysis. The monitored elements are extracted from the leaf surfaces using dilute nitric acid directly in the sample-collection bottle. The ensuing steps, then, are only to filter the extraction solution and the elemental analysis itself. The verification results indicate that the selected grasses Calamagrostis epigejos and Arrhenatherum elatius are well suited to the proposed procedure. Selected heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Cd) in concentrations appropriate for direct determination using methods of elemental analysis can be extracted from the surface of leaves of these species collected in the vicinity of roads with medium traffic loads. Comparing the two species showed that each had a different relationship between the amounts of deposited heavy metals and distance from the road. This disparity can be explained by specific morphological properties of the two species' leaf surfaces. Due to the abundant occurrence of the two species and the method's general simplicity and ready availability, we regard the proposed approach to constitute a broadly usable and repeatable one for producing reproducible results. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. Atomically resolved scanning force studies of vicinal Si(111)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Pérez León, Carmen; Drees, Holger; Wippermann, Stefan Martin; Marz, Michael; Hoffmann-Vogel, Regina

    2017-06-01

    Well-ordered stepped semiconductor surfaces attract intense attention owing to the regular arrangements of their atomic steps that makes them perfect templates for the growth of one-dimensional systems, e.g., nanowires. Here, we report on the atomic structure of the vicinal Si (111 ) surface with 10∘ miscut investigated by a joint frequency-modulation scanning force microscopy (FM-SFM) and ab initio approach. This popular stepped surface contains 7 ×7 -reconstructed terraces oriented along the Si (111 ) direction, separated by a stepped region. Recently, the atomic structure of this triple step based on scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images has been subject of debate. Unlike STM, SFM atomic resolution capability arises from chemical bonding of the tip apex with the surface atoms. Thus, for surfaces with a corrugated density of states such as semiconductors, SFM provides complementary information to STM and partially removes the dependency of the topography on the electronic structure. Our FM-SFM images with unprecedented spatial resolution on steps coincide with the model based on a (7 7 10 ) orientation of the surface and reveal structural details of this surface. Two different FM-SFM contrasts together with density functional theory calculations explain the presence of defects, buckling, and filling asymmetries on the surface. Our results evidence the important role of charge transfers between adatoms, restatoms, and dimers in the stabilisation of the structure of the vicinal surface.

  3. Stress state of rocks with a system of workings

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Nikiforovskii, V.S.; Seryakov, V.M.

    1979-09-01

    An investigation of the state of rocks in undisturbed form, and during disturbance by drivage of development workings and the working of seams or ore beds, is both important and also extremely complex in practice. The complete physical and mathematical formulation of the problem must take into account the complex geological structure (allowing for tectonics) of the region, the mutual influence of the systems of workings, the change in the mechanical characteristics in the vicinity of the workings, etc. All these factors make it necessary to solve spatial problems with inclusions and workings of arbitrary form. The literature gives datamore » on the stress in the rock in the vicinity of a working remote from the free surface and in its vicinity. However, the possibilities of an analytical investigation of the problem are limited to the simplest cases under conditions of plane deformation. Considerable success in the solution of problems of geomechanics has been attained using numerical methods, particularly the finite-element method, which enables us, without altering the algorithm, to change fairly rapidly and simply the outer and inner boundaries of the region and the properties of the medium, or to assign various boundary conditions. In this article we calculate the stress in the rocks around mining-out and development workings during mining of the Talnakh and Oktyabr' deposits by the longwall slicing system with stowing of the worked-out area.« less

  4. Modelling of AlAs/GaAs interfacial structures using high-angle annular dark field (HAADF) image simulations.

    PubMed

    Robb, Paul D; Finnie, Michael; Craven, Alan J

    2012-07-01

    High angle annular dark field (HAADF) image simulations were performed on a series of AlAs/GaAs interfacial models using the frozen-phonon multislice method. Three general types of models were considered-perfect, vicinal/sawtooth and diffusion. These were chosen to demonstrate how HAADF image measurements are influenced by different interfacial structures in the technologically important III-V semiconductor system. For each model, interfacial sharpness was calculated as a function of depth and compared to aberration-corrected HAADF experiments of two types of AlAs/GaAs interfaces. The results show that the sharpness measured from HAADF imaging changes in a complicated manner with thickness for complex interfacial structures. For vicinal structures, it was revealed that the type of material that the probe projects through first of all has a significant effect on the measured sharpness. An increase in the vicinal angle was also shown to generate a wider interface in the random step model. The Moison diffusion model produced an increase in the interface width with depth which closely matched the experimental results of the AlAs-on-GaAs interface. In contrast, the interface width decreased as a function of depth in the linear diffusion model. Only in the case of the perfect model was it possible to ascertain the underlying structure directly from HAADF image analysis. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  5. Singular orientations and faceted motion of dislocations in body-centered cubic crystals.

    PubMed

    Kang, Keonwook; Bulatov, Vasily V; Cai, Wei

    2012-09-18

    Dislocation mobility is a fundamental material property that controls strength and ductility of crystals. An important measure of dislocation mobility is its Peierls stress, i.e., the minimal stress required to move a dislocation at zero temperature. Here we report that, in the body-centered cubic metal tantalum, the Peierls stress as a function of dislocation orientation exhibits fine structure with several singular orientations of high Peierls stress-stress spikes-surrounded by vicinal plateau regions. While the classical Peierls-Nabarro model captures the high Peierls stress of singular orientations, an extension that allows dislocations to bend is necessary to account for the plateau regions. Our results clarify the notion of dislocation kinks as meaningful only for orientations within the plateau regions vicinal to the Peierls stress spikes. These observations lead us to propose a Read-Shockley type classification of dislocation orientations into three distinct classes-special, vicinal, and general-with respect to their Peierls stress and motion mechanisms. We predict that dislocation loops expanding under stress at sufficiently low temperatures, should develop well defined facets corresponding to two special orientations of highest Peierls stress, the screw and the M111 orientations, both moving by kink mechanism. We propose that both the screw and the M111 dislocations are jointly responsible for the yield behavior of BCC metals at low temperatures.

  6. The Impact of Modern Retail Minimarket towards the Continuity of Traditional Retail Businesses

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Masruroh, R.

    2017-03-01

    Today the business is growing rapidly minimarket with the development of socioeconomic conditions of society, and changes in value systems that result in changes to the pattern of life and needs of the community. In meeting the needs and desires, people tend to prefer a wide range of modern facilities expenditures. Thus increasing the number of modern minimarket store increasingly cornered the existence of traditional retail stores are stand-alone and based on social economy. This study aimed to analyze the changes in turnover and market traditional retail stores before and after the modern mini-market retail in the vicinity. To achieve these objectives, conducted survey research approach, this study uses primary and secondary data by distributing interviews and questionnaires to 40 respondents traditional retail store owners in the district of Kuningan which is selected by probability sampling. Descriptive qualitative were used to analyse this study. Based on the survey results revealed that there are significant differences between turnover and market traditional retail stores before and after the modern minimarket in the vicinity. This shows that the presence of modern retail stores provide a decrease in turnover and customers impact for traditional retail stores. But the research also shows that traditional retail stores that improve the quality of services and facilities are not affected by the presence of modern retail stores in the vicinity.

  7. New Scenario of Dynamical Heterogeneity in Supercooled Liquid and Glassy States of 2D Monatomic System.

    PubMed

    Van Hoang, Vo; Teboul, Victor; Odagaki, Takashi

    2015-12-24

    Via analysis of spatiotemporal arrangements of atoms based on their dynamics in supercooled liquid and glassy states of a 2D monatomic system with a double-well Lennard-Jones-Gauss (LJG) interaction potential, we find a new scenario of dynamical heterogeneity. Atoms with the same or very close mobility have a tendency to aggregate into clusters. The number of atoms with high mobility (and size of their clusters) increases with decreasing temperature passing over a maximum before decreasing down to zero. Position of the peak moves toward a lower temperature if mobility of atoms in clusters is lower together with an enhancement of height of the peak. In contrast, the number of atoms with very low mobility or solidlike atoms (and size of their clusters) has a tendency to increase with decreasing temperature and then it suddenly increases in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature leading to the formation of a glassy state. A sudden increase in the number of strongly correlated solidlike atoms in the vicinity of a glass transition temperature (Tg) may be an origin of a drastical increase in viscosity of the glass-forming systems approaching the glass transition. In fact, we find that the diffusion coefficient decays exponentially with a fraction of solidlike atoms exhibiting a sudden decrease in the vicinity of the glass transition region.

  8. Analysis of snow-cap pollution for air quality assessment in the vicinity of an oil refinery.

    PubMed

    Krastinyte, Viktorija; Baltrenaite, Edita; Lietuvninkas, Arvydas

    2013-01-01

    Snow-cap can be used as a simple and effective indicator of industrial air pollution. In this study snow-cap samples were collected from 11 sites located in the vicinity of an oil refinery in Mazeikiai, a region in the north-west of Lithuania, in the winter of 2011. Analysis of snowmelt water and snow-dust was used to determine anthropogenic pollutants such as: sulphates and chlorides, nitrites, nitrates, ammonium nitrogen, total carbon, total nitrogen; heavy metals: lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd). Concentrations of heavy metals in snow-dust were detected thousands of times higher than those in the snowmelt water. In this study, analysis of heavy metal concentration was conducted considering different distances and the wind direction within the impact zone of the oil refinery. The sequence of heavy metals according to their mean concentrations in the snow-dust samples was the following: Pb > Cr > Cu > Cd. Heavy metals highly correlated among each other. The load of snow-dust was evaluated to determine the pollution level in the study area. The highest daily load of snow-dust was 45.81 +/- 12.35 mg/m2 in the north-western direction from the oil refinery. According to classification of the daily load of snow-dust a lower than medium-risk level of pollution was determined in the vicinity of the oil refinery.

  9. Heavy metals in industrially emitted particulate matter in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

    PubMed

    Ogundele, Lasun T; Owoade, Oyediran K; Hopke, Philip K; Olise, Felix S

    2017-07-01

    Iron and steel smelting facilities generate large quantities of airborne particulate matter (PM) through their various activities and production processes. The resulting PM that contains a variety of heavy metals has potentially detrimental impacts on human health and the environment. This study was conducted to assess the potential health effects of the pollution from the heavy metals in the airborne PM sampled in the vicinity of secondary smelting operations in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to determine the elemental concentration of Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, Mn, As, Fe, Cu, and Ni in the size-segregated PM samples. Pollution Indices (PI) consisting of Contamination Factor (CF), Degree of Contamination (DC) and Pollution Index Load (PLI) and Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) were employed to assess the pollution risk associated with the heavy metals in the PM. CF, DC and PLI values were 3< CF <6, >32 and >1, respectively for the three sites, indicating deterioration of the ambient air quality in the vicinity of the smelter. The heavy metals in the airborne PM pose a severe health risk to people living in vicinity of the facility and to its workers. The diminished air quality with the associated health risks directly depends on the industrial emissions from steel production and control measures are recommended to mitigate the likely risks. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. Leisure-time physical activity in the vicinity of Academias da Cidade Program in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: the impact of a health promotion program on the community.

    PubMed

    Fernandes, Amanda Paula; Andrade, Amanda Cristina de Souza; Ramos, Cynthia Graciane Carvalho; Friche, Amélia Augusta de Lima; Dias, Maria Angélica de Salles; Xavier, César Coelho; Proietti, Fernando Augusto; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeira

    2015-11-01

    This study analyzed leisure-time physical activity among 1,621 adults who were non-users of the Academias da Cidade Program in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, but who lived in the vicinity of a fitness center in operation (exposed Group I) or in the vicinity of two sites reserved for future installation of centers (control Groups II and III). The dependent variable was leisure-time physical activity, and linear distance from the households to the fitness centers was the exposure variable, categorized in radial buffers: < 500m; 500-1,000m; and 1,000-1,500m. Binary logistic regression was performed with the Generalized Estimation Equations method. Residents living within < 500m of the fitness center gave better ratings to the physical environment when compared to those living in the 1,000 and 1,500m buffers and showed higher odds of leisure-time physical activity (OR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.03-1.30), independently of socio-demographic factors; the same was not observed in the control groups (II and III). The findings suggests the program's potential for influencing physical activity in the population living closer to the fitness center and thus provide a strategic alternative for mitigating inequalities in leisure-time physical activity.

  11. Final Report - Freight Facilities and System Inventory

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1995-09-01

    This report describes the general physical and operational characteristics and : bottlenecks to the efficient operation of intermodal terminals and systems in the New York metropolitan area and its vicinity.

  12. University of Maryland MRSEC

    Science.gov Websites

    ; (we call this type of surface a vicinal surface). Modern scanned-probe microscopes, such as the STM Educational Education Pre-College Programs Homeschool Programs Undergraduate & Graduate Programs Teacher

  13. Overview of human health and chemical mixtures: problems facing developing countries.

    PubMed Central

    Yáñ ez, Leticia; Ortiz, Deogracias; Calderón, Jaqueline; Batres, Lilia; Carrizales, Leticia; Mejía, Jesús; Martínez, Lourdes; García-Nieto, Edelmira; Díaz-Barriga, Fernando

    2002-01-01

    In developing countries, chemical mixtures within the vicinity of small-scale enterprises, smelters, mines, agricultural areas, toxic waste disposal sites, etc., often present a health hazard to the populations within those vicinities. Therefore, in these countries, there is a need to study the toxicological effects of mixtures of metals, pesticides, and organic compounds. However, the study of mixtures containing substances such as DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, an insecticide banned in developed nations), and mixtures containing contaminants such as fluoride (of concern only in developing countries) merit special attention. Although the studies may have to take into account simultaneous exposures to metals and organic compounds, there is also a need to consider the interaction between chemicals and other specific factors such as nutritional conditions, alcoholism, smoking, infectious diseases, and ethnicity. PMID:12634117

  14. Electron impact ionization in the vicinity of comets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cravens, T. E.; Kozyra, J. U.; Nagy, A. F.; Gombosi, T. I.; Kurtz, M.

    1987-07-01

    The solar wind interacts very strongly with the extensive cometary coma, and the various interaction processes are initiated by the ionization of cometary neutrals. The main ionization mechanism far outside the cometary bow shock is photoionization by solar extreme ultraviolet radiation.Electron distributions measured in the vicinity of comets Halley and Giacobini-Zinner by instruments on the VEGA and ICE spacecraft, respectively, are used to calculate electron impact ionization frequencies. Ionization by electrons is of comparable importance to photoionization in the magnetosheaths of Comets Halley and Giacobini-Zinner. The ionization frequency in the inner part of the cometary plasma region of comet Halley is several times greater than the photoionization value. Tables of ionization frequencies as functions of electron temperature are presented for H2O, CO2, CO, O, N2, and H.

  15. Surface and subsurface microgravity data in the vicinity of Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Kennedy, Jeffrey R.; Koth, Karl R.; Carruth, Rob

    2015-01-01

    Absolute gravity data were collected at 32 stations in the vicinity of the Sanford Underground Research Facility from 2007 through 2014 for the purpose of monitoring groundwater storage change during dewatering of the former Homestake gold mine in the Black Hills of South Dakota, the largest and deepest underground mine in North America. Eight underground stations are at depths from 300 feet below land surface to 4,850 feet below land surface. Surface stations were located using Global Positioning System observations, and subsurface stations were located on the basis of maps constructed from survey measurements made while the mine was in operation. Gravity varies widely at many stations; however, no consistent temporal trends are present across all stations during the 7-year period of data collection.

  16. Overview of human health and chemical mixtures: problems facing developing countries.

    PubMed

    Yáñ ez, Leticia; Ortiz, Deogracias; Calderón, Jaqueline; Batres, Lilia; Carrizales, Leticia; Mejía, Jesús; Martínez, Lourdes; García-Nieto, Edelmira; Díaz-Barriga, Fernando

    2002-12-01

    In developing countries, chemical mixtures within the vicinity of small-scale enterprises, smelters, mines, agricultural areas, toxic waste disposal sites, etc., often present a health hazard to the populations within those vicinities. Therefore, in these countries, there is a need to study the toxicological effects of mixtures of metals, pesticides, and organic compounds. However, the study of mixtures containing substances such as DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, an insecticide banned in developed nations), and mixtures containing contaminants such as fluoride (of concern only in developing countries) merit special attention. Although the studies may have to take into account simultaneous exposures to metals and organic compounds, there is also a need to consider the interaction between chemicals and other specific factors such as nutritional conditions, alcoholism, smoking, infectious diseases, and ethnicity.

  17. Instellar Gas Experiment (IGE): Testing interstellar gas particles to provide information on the processes of nucleosynthesis in the big bang stars and supernova

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lind, Don

    1985-01-01

    The Interstellar Gas Experiment (IGE) is designed to collect particles of the interstellar gas - a wind of interstellar media particles moving in the vicinity of the solar system. These particles will be returned to earth where the isotopic ratios of the noble gases among these particles will be measured. IGE was designed and programmed to expose 7 sets of six copper-beryllium metallic collecting foils to the flux of neutral interstellar gas particles which penetrate the heliosphere to the vicinity of the earth's orbit. These particles are trapped in the collecting foils and will be returned to earth for mass-spectrographic analysis when Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) on which IGE was launched, is recovered.

  18. Floods on Duck River in the vicinity of Centerville, Tennessee

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    This flood hazard information report describes the extent and severity of the flood potential along a selected reach of the Duck River in the vicinity of Centerville, Tennessee. The report was prepared in response to a request by the town for up-to-date information regarding the flood potential along the studied stream reach in order to better administer its floodplain management program. This report does not propose plans or the solution of identified flood problems along the studied stream reach. Rather, the information and technical data contained herein are intended to provide a sound basis for informed decisions regarding the wisemore » use of flood-prone lands within the town of Centerville and the surrounding portion of Hickman County. 3 references, 8 figures, 6 tables.« less

  19. Optical devices and methods employing nanoparticles, microcavities, and semicontinuous metal films

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shalaev, Vladimir M. (Inventor); Sarychev, Andrey K. (Inventor); Armstrong, Robert L. (Inventor); Smith, Harold V. (Inventor); Ying, Z. Charles (Inventor)

    2006-01-01

    An optical sensing enhancing material (and corresponding method of making) comprising: a medium, the medium comprising a plurality of aggregated nanoparticles comprising fractals; and a microcavity, wherein the medium is located in a vicinity of the microcavity. Also an optical sensor and sensing method comprising: providing a doped medium, the medium comprising a plurality of aggregated nanoparticles comprising fractals, with the material; locating the doped medium in the vicinity of a microcavity; exciting the doped medium with a light source; and detecting light reflected from the doped medium. Also an optical sensing enhancing material comprising a medium, the medium comprising a semicontinuous metal film of randomly distributed metal particles and their clusters at approximately their percolation threshold. The medium preferably additionally comprises a microcavity/microresonator. Also devices and methods employing such material.

  20. Accumulation of Aluminium and Physiological Status of Tree Foliage in the Vicinity of a Large Aluminium Smelter

    PubMed Central

    Wannaz, E. D.; Rodriguez, J. H.; Wolfsberger, T.; Carreras, H. A.; Pignata, M. L.; Fangmeier, A.; Franzaring, J.

    2012-01-01

    A pollution gradient was observed in tree foliage sampled in the vicinity of a large aluminium production facility in Patagonia (Argentina). Leaves of Eucalyptus rostrata, and Populus hybridus and different needle ages of Pinus spec. were collected and concentrations of aluminium (Al) and sulphur (S) as well as physiological parameters (chlorophyll and lipid oxidation products) were analyzed. Al and S concentrations indicate a steep pollution gradient in the study showing a relationship with the physiological parameters in particular membrane lipid oxidation products. The present study confirms that aluminium smelting results in high Al and sulphur deposition in the study area, and therefore further studies should be carried out taking into account potentially adverse effects of these compounds on human and ecosystem health. PMID:22654642

  1. Accretion of a symmetry-breaking scalar field by a Schwarzschild black hole.

    PubMed

    Traykova, Dina; Braden, Jonathan; Peiris, Hiranya V

    2018-03-06

    We simulate the behaviour of a Higgs-like field in the vicinity of a Schwarzschild black hole using a highly accurate numerical framework. We consider both the limit of the zero-temperature Higgs potential and a toy model for the time-dependent evolution of the potential when immersed in a slowly cooling radiation bath. Through these numerical investigations, we aim to improve our understanding of the non-equilibrium dynamics of a symmetry-breaking field (such as the Higgs) in the vicinity of a compact object such as a black hole. Understanding this dynamics may suggest new approaches for studying properties of scalar fields using black holes as a laboratory.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Higgs Cosmology'. © 2018 The Author(s).

  2. Hydrodeoxygenation of vicinal OH groups over heterogeneous rhenium catalyst promoted by palladium and ceria support.

    PubMed

    Ota, Nobuhiko; Tamura, Masazumi; Nakagawa, Yoshinao; Okumura, Kazu; Tomishige, Keiichi

    2015-02-02

    Heterogeneous ReOx-Pd/CeO2 catalyst showed excellent performance for simultaneous hydrodeoxygenation of vicinal OH groups. High yield (>99%), turnover frequency (300 h(-1)), and turnover number (10,000) are achieved in the reaction of 1,4-anhydroerythritol to tetrahydrofuran. This catalyst can be applied to sugar alcohols, and mono-alcohols and diols are obtained in high yields (≥85%) from substrates with even and odd numbers of OH groups, respectively. The high catalytic performance of ReOx-Pd/CeO2 can be assigned to rhenium species with +4 or +5 valence state, and the formation of this species is promoted by H2/Pd and the ceria support. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  3. Development of Preliminary Remediation Goals for Indoor Dust at the Colonie FUSRAP Site - 12273

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Watters, David J.; Opdyke, Clifford P.; Moore, James T.

    2012-07-01

    The Colonie FUSRAP Site is located in the Town of Colonie, Albany County, New York. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is currently addressing environmental contamination associated with the Site under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) process as part of the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP). Soil remediation activities have been substantially completed at the Colonie FUSRAP Site and its vicinity properties under the FUSRAP. A study unrelated to FUSRAP was recently performed by an independent party to establish the distribution of DU contamination in various media in the environs of the Site. Asmore » part of this study, dust samples were collected in residencies and businesses in the immediate vicinity of the Site. These samples were collected in non-living areas such as basement window sills and garages. Many of these samples tested positive for DU. An assessment was performed to establish preliminary remediation goals (PRGs) for indoor dust in non-living areas of residential homes and businesses in the vicinity of the Site. The results of this assessment provide estimates of dose-based, carcinogenic risk-based, and noncarcinogenic-based PRGs derived from a hypothetical exposure scenario with reasonable levels of conservatism. Ultimately, the PRGs will be compared to results of dust sampling and analyses in residences and businesses in proximity of the Site to determine whether a response action is appropriate. This assessment estimates PRGs for DU contaminated dust in non-living areas of residences in the vicinity of the Colonie FUSRAP site based on a reasonably conservative exposure scenario. Estimated PRGs based on residential receptors are considered to be conservatively representative of workers in nearby businesses based on the considerably longer exposure duration of residents relative to workers. This assessment provides reasonably conservative estimates of PRGs for DU contaminated dust in non-living areas within residences in the vicinity of the Site. It should be noted that the PRGs include hypothetical exposures resulting from activities in both the living areas and non-living areas of a residence. The PRGs are derived and presented in terms of DU dust concentration in non-living areas to facilitate comparison to results of a planned Site Investigation that will characterize concentrations of DU in dust in non-living areas. It is important to recognize that the exposure assumptions used to derive these PRGs are based on average dust DU concentrations in non-living areas. It is inappropriate to compare these PRGs to the dust DU concentration in an isolated small area. The ongoing Site Investigation addresses this consideration and is designed to provide reasonable estimates of average dust DU concentrations in non-living areas of vicinity properties. In order to accomplish this, sampling is conducted in accordance with EPA Guidance for the Sampling and Analysis of Lead in Indoor Residential Dust for Use in the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic (IEUBK) Model, (EPA 2008), which specifically addresses estimating average contaminant concentrations in dust. Four (4) large-area samples are collected from each VP in accordance with this guidance. It is anticipated that the results of the Site Investigation will be used in conjunction with the results of this assessment, and/or subsequent assessments, to establish whether or not a response action is appropriate. (authors)« less

  4. A temporary immersion system improves in vitro regeneration of peach palm through secondary somatic embryogenesis

    PubMed Central

    Steinmacher, D. A.; Guerra, M. P.; Saare-Surminski, K.; Lieberei, R.

    2011-01-01

    Background and Aims Secondary somatic embryogenesis has been postulated to occur during induction of peach palm somatic embryogenesis. In the present study this morphogenetic pathway is described and a protocol for the establishment of cycling cultures using a temporary immersion system (TIS) is presented. Methods Zygotic embryos were used as explants, and induction of somatic embryogenesis and plantlet growth were compared in TIS and solid culture medium. Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to describe in vitro morphogenesis and accompany morpho-histological alterations during culture. Key Results The development of secondary somatic embryos occurs early during the induction of primary somatic embryos. Secondary somatic embryos were observed to develop continually in culture, resulting in non-synchronized development of these somatic embryos. Using these somatic embryos as explants allowed development of cycling cultures. Somatic embryos had high embryogenic potential (65·8 ± 3·0 to 86·2 ± 5·0 %) over the period tested. The use of a TIS greatly improved the number of somatic embryos obtained, as well as subsequent plantlet growth. Histological analyses showed that starch accumulation precedes the development of somatic embryos, and that these cells presented high nucleus/cytoplasm ratios and high mitotic indices, as evidenced by DAPI staining. Morphological and SEM observations revealed clusters of somatic embryos on one part of the explants, while other parts grew further, resulting in callus tissue. A multicellular origin of the secondary somatic embryos is hypothesized. Cells in the vicinity of callus accumulated large amounts of phenolic substances in their vacuoles. TEM revealed that these cells are metabolically very active, with the presence of numerous mitochondria and Golgi apparatuses. Light microscopy and TEM of the embryogenic sector revealed cells with numerous amyloplasts, large nuclei and nucleoli, and numerous plasmodesmata. Plantlets were obtained and after 3 months in culture their growth was significantly better in TIS than on solid culture medium. However, during acclimatization the survival rate of TIS-grown plantlets was lower. Conclusions The present study confirms the occurrence of secondary somatic embryos in peach palm and describes a feasible protocol for regeneration of peach palm in vitro. Further optimizations include the use of explants obtained from adult palms and improvement of somatic embryo conversion rates. PMID:21355009

  5. Mystery #10

    Atmospheric Science Data Center

    2013-04-22

    ... control has been tested as a means of combatting an invasive aquatic weed that threatens wetland habitats in the island's vicinity. 9.   Species of Avicennia are found in the island's coastal regions.   ...

  6. 77 FR 28923 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-16

    ... new symbols for Automatic Identification System (AIS) aids to navigation --Casualty analysis..., parking in the vicinity of the building is extremely limited. Additional information regarding this and...

  7. Soil as an archive of coal-fired power plant mercury deposition.

    PubMed

    Rodríguez Martín, José Antonio; Nanos, Nikos

    2016-05-05

    Mercury pollution is a global environmental problem that has serious implications for human health. One of the most important sources of anthropogenic mercury emissions are coal-burning power plants. Hg accumulations in soil are associated with their atmospheric deposition. Our study provides the first assessment of soil Hg on the entire Spanish surface obtained from one sampling protocol. Hg spatial distribution was analysed with topsoil samples taken from 4000 locations in a regular sampling grid. The other aim was to use geostatistical techniques to verify the extent of soil contamination by Hg and to evaluate presumed Hg enrichment near the seven Spanish power plants with installed capacity above 1000 MW. The Hg concentration in Spanish soil fell within the range of 1-7564 μg kg(-1) (mean 67.2) and 50% of the samples had a concentration below 37 μg kg(-1). Evidence for human activity was found near all the coal-fired power plants, which reflects that metals have accumulated in the basin over many years. Values over 1000 μg kg(-1) have been found in soils in the vicinity of the Aboño, Soto de Ribera and Castellon power plants. However, soil Hg enrichment was detectable only close to the emission source, within an approximate range of only 15 km from the power plants. We associated this effect with airborne emissions and subsequent depositions as the potential distance through fly ash deposition. Hg associated with particles of ash tends to be deposited near coal combustion sources. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  8. The use of theranostic gadolinium-based nanoprobes to improve radiotherapy efficacy

    PubMed Central

    Sancey, L; Kotb, S; Roux, S; Dufort, S; Bianchi, A; Crémillieux, Y; Fries, P; Coll, J-L; Rodriguez-Lafrasse, C; Janier, M; Dutreix, M; Barberi-Heyob, M; Boschetti, F; Denat, F; Louis, C; Porcel, E; Lacombe, S; Le Duc, G; Deutsch, E; Perfettini, J-L; Detappe, A; Verry, C; Berbeco, R; Butterworth, K T; McMahon, S J; Prise, K M; Perriat, P; Tillement, O

    2014-01-01

    A new efficient type of gadolinium-based theranostic agent (AGuIX®) has recently been developed for MRI-guided radiotherapy (RT). These new particles consist of a polysiloxane network surrounded by a number of gadolinium chelates, usually 10. Owing to their small size (<5 nm), AGuIX typically exhibit biodistributions that are almost ideal for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. For example, although a significant proportion of these particles accumulate in tumours, the remainder is rapidly eliminated by the renal route. In addition, in the absence of irradiation, the nanoparticles are well tolerated even at very high dose (10 times more than the dose used for mouse treatment). AGuIX particles have been proven to act as efficient radiosensitizers in a large variety of experimental in vitro scenarios, including different radioresistant cell lines, irradiation energies and radiation sources (sensitizing enhancement ratio ranging from 1.1 to 2.5). Pre-clinical studies have also demonstrated the impact of these particles on different heterotopic and orthotopic tumours, with both intratumoural or intravenous injection routes. A significant therapeutical effect has been observed in all contexts. Furthermore, MRI monitoring was proven to efficiently aid in determining a RT protocol and assessing tumour evolution following treatment. The usual theoretical models, based on energy attenuation and macroscopic dose enhancement, cannot account for all the results that have been obtained. Only theoretical models, which take into account the Auger electron cascades that occur between the different atoms constituting the particle and the related high radical concentrations in the vicinity of the particle, provide an explanation for the complex cell damage and death observed. PMID:24990037

  9. Radiological findings in cerebral venous thrombosis presenting as subarachnoid hemorrhage: a series of 22 cases.

    PubMed

    Boukobza, Monique; Crassard, Isabelle; Bousser, Marie-Germaine; Chabriat, Hugues

    2016-01-01

    The main objectives of the present study are to assess the incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) presenting as isolated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to determine the occurrence of cortical venous thrombosis (CoVT). Among 332 patients with CVT, investigated with the same CT and MR standardized protocol, 33 (10 %) presented with SAH, associated in 11 cases with hemorrhagic infarct or intracerebral hemorrhage. This study is based on 22 cases of CVT presenting as SAH in the absence of hemorrhagic brain lesion. Diagnosis of sinus thrombosis was established on T2* and magnetic resonance venography and that of CoVT on T2* sequence. Diagnostic of SAH was based on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence. CVT involved lateral sinus in 18 patients, superior sagittal sinus in 16, and straight sinus in 1. Cortical veins were involved in all patients, in continuity with dural sinus thrombosis when present. SAH was circumscribed to few sulci in all cases and mainly localized at the convexity (21 cases). CoVT implied different areas on the same side in four patients and was bilateral in seven. There was no perimesencephalic or basal cisterns hemorrhage. Cortical swelling was present in 12 cases, associated with localized edema. All patients except one had a favorable outcome. This report shows that the incidence of CVT presenting as isolated SAH is evaluated to 6.4 % and that SAH is, in all cases, in the vicinity of CoVT and when dural thrombosis is present in continuity with it.

  10. Stability, structure and scale: improvements in multi-modal vessel extraction for SEEG trajectory planning.

    PubMed

    Zuluaga, Maria A; Rodionov, Roman; Nowell, Mark; Achhala, Sufyan; Zombori, Gergely; Mendelson, Alex F; Cardoso, M Jorge; Miserocchi, Anna; McEvoy, Andrew W; Duncan, John S; Ourselin, Sébastien

    2015-08-01

    Brain vessels are among the most critical landmarks that need to be assessed for mitigating surgical risks in stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) implantation. Intracranial haemorrhage is the most common complication associated with implantation, carrying significantly associated morbidity. SEEG planning is done pre-operatively to identify avascular trajectories for the electrodes. In current practice, neurosurgeons have no assistance in the planning of electrode trajectories. There is great interest in developing computer-assisted planning systems that can optimise the safety profile of electrode trajectories, maximising the distance to critical structures. This paper presents a method that integrates the concepts of scale, neighbourhood structure and feature stability with the aim of improving robustness and accuracy of vessel extraction within a SEEG planning system. The developed method accounts for scale and vicinity of a voxel by formulating the problem within a multi-scale tensor voting framework. Feature stability is achieved through a similarity measure that evaluates the multi-modal consistency in vesselness responses. The proposed measurement allows the combination of multiple images modalities into a single image that is used within the planning system to visualise critical vessels. Twelve paired data sets from two image modalities available within the planning system were used for evaluation. The mean Dice similarity coefficient was 0.89 ± 0.04, representing a statistically significantly improvement when compared to a semi-automated single human rater, single-modality segmentation protocol used in clinical practice (0.80 ± 0.03). Multi-modal vessel extraction is superior to semi-automated single-modality segmentation, indicating the possibility of safer SEEG planning, with reduced patient morbidity.

  11. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of mouse galectin-4 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain in complex with lactose

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Krejčiříková, Veronika; Fábry, Milan; Marková, Vladimíra

    2008-07-01

    Mouse galectin-4 carbohydrate binding domain was overexpressed in E. coli and crystallized in the presence of lactose. The crystals belong to tetragonal space group P42{sub 1}2 and diffraction data were collected to 2.1 Å resolution. Galectin-4 is thought to play a role in the process of tumour conversion of cells of the alimentary tract and the breast tissue; however, its exact function remains unknown. With the aim of elucidating the structural basis of mouse galectin-4 (mGal-4) binding specificity, we have undertaken X-ray analysis of the N-terminal domain, CRD1, of mGal-4 in complex with lactose (the basic building block of knownmore » galectin-4 carbohydrate ligands). Crystals of CRD1 in complex with lactose were obtained using vapour-diffusion techniques. The crystals belong to tetragonal space group P42{sub 1}2 with unit-cell parameters a = 91.1, b = 91.16, c = 57.10 Å and preliminary X-ray diffraction data were collected to 3.2 Å resolution. An optimized crystallization procedure and cryocooling protocol allowed us to extend resolution to 2.1 Å. Structure refinement is currently under way; the initial electron-density maps clearly show non-protein electron density in the vicinity of the carbohydrate binding site, indicating the presence of one lactose molecule. The structure will help to improve understanding of the binding specificity and function of the potential colon cancer marker galectin-4.« less

  12. Challenges in recruitment and retention of clinical trial subjects.

    PubMed

    Kadam, Rashmi Ashish; Borde, Sanghratna Umakant; Madas, Sapna Amol; Salvi, Sundeep Santosh; Limaye, Sneha Saurabh

    2016-01-01

    Successful recruitment of patients is known to be one of the most challenging aspects in conduct of randomized controlled trials. Inadequate patient retention during conduct of trial affects conclusive results. To assess the level of challenges faced by Indian investigators in recruitment and retention of trial subjects. We developed a survey questionnaire on challenges encountered by investigators in subject recruitment and retention which was hosted on a web portal. Seventy-three investigators from India participated in the survey. The frequently encountered challenges in subject recruitment were complexity of study protocol (38%), lack of awareness about clinical trials in patients (37%), and sociocultural issues related to trial participation (37%). About 63% of participants strongly agreed that creating a positive awareness about clinical trials among people through press and media, having a dedicated clinical research coordinator for trial (50.7%), and designing a recruitment strategy prior to study initiation (46.6%) would enhance recruitment. Almost 50.7% of participants agreed that interacting with medical community in vicinity of the study site and educating patients about clinical trials during routine outpatient department visits (46.6%) would enhance recruitment. Experiencing a serious adverse event, subject's fear for study procedures (47%) and side effects (44%) were thought to have a moderate effect on subject retention. Our survey has put forth factors related to negative publicity by media, lack of patient education about clinical trials; complex study designs are barriers to clinical trial recruitment in India. It is essential to devise innovative and effective strategies focusing on education of public and mass media about clinical research in India.

  13. 19. Historic American Buildings Survey Alex Bush, Photographer, June 2, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    19. Historic American Buildings Survey Alex Bush, Photographer, June 2, 1937 LOOKING NORTHWEST AT SMOKE HOUSE. - Dr. William Hughes House & Outbuildings, Hughes Creek vicinity, Aliceville, Pickens County, AL

  14. 1. Historic American Buildings Survey Donald W. Dickensheets, Photographer. July ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. Historic American Buildings Survey Donald W. Dickensheets, Photographer. July 6, 1940. SUMMER KITCHEN. (NORTHEAST ELEVATION). - Fort Lowell, Summer Kitchen, Fort Lowell Road Vicinity, Tucson, Pima County, AZ

  15. 2. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer January ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer January 1938 VIEW LOOKING NORTHWEST. ORIGINAL HOUSE. - Pete Kitchen Ranch House, Portrero Creek Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  16. University of Maryland MRSEC - For Members

    Science.gov Websites

    ; (we call this type of surface a vicinal surface). Modern scanned-probe microscopes, such as the STM Educational Education Pre-College Programs Homeschool Programs Undergraduate & Graduate Programs Teacher

  17. University of Maryland MRSEC - News: Calendar

    Science.gov Websites

    ; (we call this type of surface a vicinal surface). Modern scanned-probe microscopes, such as the STM Educational Education Pre-College Programs Homeschool Programs Undergraduate & Graduate Programs Teacher

  18. 4. Historic American Buildings Survey, Cervin Robinson, Photographer August, 1958 ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Historic American Buildings Survey, Cervin Robinson, Photographer August, 1958 FIREPLACE WALL ON SECOND FLOOR. - Kaufman Small House, State Route 662 vicinity (Oley Township), Oley, Berks County, PA

  19. SU-F-T-126: Microdosimetic Evaluation of Proton Energy Distributions in the Vicinity of Metal Implants

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Heczko, S; McAuley, GA; Slater, JM

    Purpose: To evaluate the impact of titanium and surgical stainless steel implants on the microscopic dose distribution in proton treatment plans Methods: Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations were used to analyze the microdosimetric distribution of proton radiation in the vicinity of 3.1 mm thick CP Grade 4 titanium (Ti) or 316 stainless steel (SS316) plates in a water phantom. Additional simulations were performed using either water, or water with a density equivalent to the respective metals (Tiwater, SS316water) (to reflect common practice in treatment planning). Implants were placed at the COM of SOBPs of 157 MeV (range of ∼15 cm inmore » water) protons with 30 or 60 mm modulation. Primary and secondary particle dose and fluence, frequency-weighted and dose-weighted average lineal energy, average radiation quality factor, dose equivalent and energy deposition histograms in the plate vicinity were compared. Results: Preliminary results show frequency-weighted (yf) and dose-weighted lineal energy (yd) was increased downstream of the Ti plate (yf = 3.1 keV/µm; yd = 5.5 keV/µm) and Tiwater (yf = 4.1 keV/µm; yd = 6.8 keV/µm) compared to that of water (ie, the absence of a plate) (yf = 2.5 keV/µm; yd = 4.5 keV/µm). In addition, downstream proton dose deposition was also elevated due to the presence of the Ti plate or Tiwater. The additional dose deposited at higher lineal energy implies that tissues downstream of the plate will receive a higher dose equivalent. Detailed analyses of the Ti, Tiwater, SS316, and SS316 water simulations will be presented. Conclusion: The presence of high-density materials introduces changes in the spatial distribution of radiation in the vicinity of an implant. Further work quantifying these effects could be incorporated into future treatment planning systems resulting in more accurate treatment plans. This project was sponsored with funding from the Department of Defense (DOD # W81XWH-10-2-0192).« less

  20. Electro-optical phenomena based on ionic liquids in an optofluidic waveguide.

    PubMed

    He, Xiaodong; Shao, Qunfeng; Cao, Pengfei; Kong, Weijie; Sun, Jiqian; Zhang, Xiaoping; Deng, Youquan

    2015-03-07

    An optofluidic waveguide with a simple two-terminal electrode geometry, when filled with an ionic liquid (IL), forms a lateral electric double-layer capacitor under a direct current (DC) electric field, which allows the realization of an extremely high carrier density in the vicinity of the electrode surface and terminals to modulate optical transmission at room temperature under low voltage operation (0 to 4 V). The unique electro-optical phenomenon of ILs was investigated at three wavelengths (663, 1330 and 1530 nm) using two waveguide geometries. Strong electro-optical modulations with different efficiencies were observed at the two near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, while no detectable modulation was observed at 663 nm. The first waveguide geometry was used to investigate the position-dependent modulation along the waveguide; the strongest modulation was observed in the vicinity of the electrode terminal. The modulation phase is associated with the applied voltage polarity, which increases in the vicinity of the negative electrode and decreases at the positive electrode. The second waveguide geometry was used to improve the modulation efficiency. Meanwhile, the electro-optical modulations of seven ILs were compared at an applied voltage ranging from ±2 V to ±3.5 V. The results reveal that the modulation amplitude and response speed increase with increasing applied voltage, as well as the electrical conductivity of ILs. Despite the fact that the response speed isn't fast due to the high ionic density of ILs, the modulation amplitude can reach up to 6.0 dB when a higher voltage (U = ±3.5 V) is applied for the IL [Emim][BF4]. Finally, the physical explanation of the phenomenon was discussed. The effect of the change in IL structure on the electro-optical phenomena was investigated in another new experiment. The results reveal that the electro-optical phenomenon is probably caused mainly by the change in carrier concentration (ion redistribution near charged electrodes), which induces the enhancement and suppression of NIR optical absorption (contributed by C-H and N-H groups) in the vicinity of the negative electrode and positive electrode, respectively.

  1. 15. STONE BURR MILL PROBABLY USED FOR GRINDING FEED. ONLY ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    15. STONE BURR MILL PROBABLY USED FOR GRINDING FEED. ONLY REMAINING MILL MACHINERY William E. Barrett, photographer, 1973 - Thomas Shepherd's Grist Mill, High Street Vicinity, Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, WV

  2. 22. INTERIOR, FIRST FLOOR, EAST SECTION, NORTHEAST ROOM, NORTHWEST CORNER ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    22. INTERIOR, FIRST FLOOR, EAST SECTION, NORTHEAST ROOM, NORTHWEST CORNER (NOTE EXPOSED BRICK NOGGING) - Peter Burr House, Vicinity of State Route 9 & Ridge Road, Shenandoah Junction, Jefferson County, WV

  3. University of Maryland MRSEC - For Members: Templates

    Science.gov Websites

    ; (we call this type of surface a vicinal surface). Modern scanned-probe microscopes, such as the STM Educational Education Pre-College Programs Homeschool Programs Undergraduate & Graduate Programs Teacher

  4. Traffic behavior at freeway bottlenecks.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2014-09-01

    This study examines traffic behavior in the vicinity of a freeway bottleneck, revisiting commonly held : assumptions and uncovering systematic biases that likely have distorted empirical studies of bottleneck : formation, capacity drop, and the funda...

  5. 78 FR 32699 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-31

    ...)) --Revision of the Guidelines for the onboard operational use of shipborne automatic identification systems... transportation is not generally available). However, parking in the vicinity of the building is limited...

  6. 50 CFR 35.13 - Access to State and private lands.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... (CONTINUED) THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM WILDERNESS PRESERVATION AND MANAGEMENT General Rules § 35.13... accepted, conventional, contemporary modes of travel in said vicinity. Use will be consistent with...

  7. 79. SITE INSTRUMENTATION: INTERIOR OF INSTRUMENTATION BUNKER AT 800 WEST, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    79. SITE INSTRUMENTATION: INTERIOR OF INSTRUMENTATION BUNKER AT 800 WEST, WITH WOODEN WORK BENCH - White Sands Missile Range, Trinity Site, Vicinity of Routes 13 & 20, White Sands, Dona Ana County, NM

  8. "Before" Main House, photographic copy of ca. 1834 watercolor by ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    "Before" Main House, photographic copy of ca. 1834 watercolor by Thomas U. Walter. Duplicate color view of HABS PA-1248-35 - Andalusia, State Road vicinity (Bensalem Township), Andalusia, Bucks County, PA

  9. 17. Historic American Buildings Survey Ray Malinowski, Photographer JulyAugust 1968 ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    17. Historic American Buildings Survey Ray Malinowski, Photographer July-August 1968 POSTERN DOORS TO BATERIA DE SAN ANTONIO - Fort Barrancas, San Carlos & Hovey Roads vicinity, Pensacola, Escambia County, FL

  10. 8. Historic American Buildings Survey E. W. Russell, Photographer, January ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    8. Historic American Buildings Survey E. W. Russell, Photographer, January 15, 1937 OLD SMOKE HOUSE - FRONT (WEST), SOUTH SIDE - Vogtner Farm (House & Smokehouse), Jeff Hamilton Road vicinity, Dawes, Mobile County, AL

  11. 75 FR 12790 - National Register of Historic Places; Weekly Listing of Historic Properties

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-17

    [email protected] . Dated: March 9, 2010. J. Paul Loether, Chief, National Register of Historic Places... Logan County Blair Mountain Battlefield, Address Restricted, Logan vicinity, 08000496, Removed...

  12. 4. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer January ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer January 1938 VIEW OF PRESENT RANCH HOUSE LOOKING EAST - Pete Kitchen Ranch House, Portrero Creek Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  13. 3. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer December ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    3. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer December 1937 VIEW OF PRESENT RANCH HOUSE LOOKING WEST - Pete Kitchen Ranch House, Portrero Creek Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  14. 1. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer December ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer December 1937 VIEW OF ORIGINAL RANCH HOUSE LOOKING NORTHEAST - Pete Kitchen Ranch House, Portrero Creek Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  15. 2. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer August ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer August 1937 VIEW OF CHURCH, LOOKING SOUTHEAST - San Cayetano de Calabasas (Mission, Ruins), Santa Cruz River Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  16. 3. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer September ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    3. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer September 1937 VIEW OF CHURCH - LOOKING NORTHWEST - San Cayetano de Calabasas (Mission, Ruins), Santa Cruz River Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  17. 3. August, 1971. VIEW ALONG CANAL SHOWING BORDER PATH AND ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    3. August, 1971. VIEW ALONG CANAL SHOWING BORDER PATH AND BRIDGE FOR INSPECTION - ABOUT ONE MILE FROM CANAL HEAD. - Hurricane Irrigation Canal, State Route 15 Vicinity, Hurricane, Washington County, UT

  18. RUSTING ORE TRAIN, ONCE PART OF NEW YORK ELEVATED LINE ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    RUSTING ORE TRAIN, ONCE PART OF NEW YORK ELEVATED LINE (TWO LOCOMOTIVES, SHOWING RAILROAD TRUCKS IN FOREGROUND) - Council City & Solomon River Railroad, Locomotives, Nome Vicinity, Nome, Nome Census Area, AK

  19. 76 FR 19176 - Shipping Coordinating Committee; Notice of Committee Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-06

    ... (SOLAS) regulation V/22 --Development of policy and new symbols for Automatic Identification System (AIS... transportation is not generally available). However, parking in the vicinity of the building is extremely limited...

  20. 6. Historic American Buildings Survey, Cervin Robinson, Photographer August, 1958 ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. Historic American Buildings Survey, Cervin Robinson, Photographer August, 1958 INTERIOR OF SOUTH AND EAST WALLS IN LOWER LEVEL MILL RACE - Le Van Mill, Kutztown Road vicinity, Kutztown, Berks County, PA

  1. 5. Historic American Buildings Survey, Cervin Robinson, Photographer August, 1958 ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    5. Historic American Buildings Survey, Cervin Robinson, Photographer August, 1958 INTERIOR OF NORTH AND WEST WALLS IN LOWER LEVEL MILL RACE - Le Van Mill, Kutztown Road vicinity, Kutztown, Berks County, PA

  2. Geophysical logging and geologic mapping data in the vicinity of the GMH Electronics Superfund site near Roxboro, North Carolina

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Chapman, Melinda J.; Clark, Timothy W.; Williams, John H.

    2013-01-01

    Geologic mapping, the collection of borehole geophysical logs and images, and passive diffusion bag sampling were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey North Carolina Water Science Center in the vicinity of the GMH Electronics Superfund site near Roxboro, North Carolina, during March through October 2011. The study purpose was to assist the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in the development of a conceptual groundwater model for the assessment of current contaminant distribution and future migration of contaminants. Data compilation efforts included geologic mapping of more than 250 features, including rock type and secondary joints, delineation of more than 1,300 subsurface features (primarily fracture orientations) in 15 open borehole wells, and the collection of passive diffusion-bag samples from 42 fracture zones at various depths in the 15 wells.

  3. A linear biopolymer in the vicinity of the triple point. The homopolymer case.

    PubMed

    Frank-Kamenetskii, M D; Chogovadze, G I

    1984-06-01

    This is a theoretical study of a situation where each residue of a linear biopolymer may adopt one of three conformational states. Such a situation exists in the case of DNA, since it may be in helical A, B, . . ., Z forms as well as the melted state. In the vicinity of the triple point in the phrase diagram three states, e.g. the A form, the B form and the denatured state, co-exist within a given molecule. We present an exact analytical solution of the simplest homopolymer model. Theory predicts that the presence of two helical states in one molecule should affect the helix-coil transition in two ways. The melting temperature experiences an upward shift and the melting range width is increased, by a factor of square root of two as a maximum.

  4. Turbulence study in the vicinity of piano key weir: relevance, instrumentation, parameters and methods

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Tiwari, Harinarayan; Sharma, Nayan

    2017-05-01

    This research paper focuses on the need of turbulence, instruments reliable to capture turbulence, different turbulence parameters and some advance methodology which can decompose various turbulence structures at different levels near hydraulic structures. Small-scale turbulence research has valid prospects in open channel flow. The relevance of the study is amplified as we introduce any hydraulic structure in the channel which disturbs the natural flow and creates discontinuity. To recover this discontinuity, the piano key weir (PKW) might be used with sloped keys. Constraints of empirical results in the vicinity of PKW necessitate extensive laboratory experiments with fair and reliable instrumentation techniques. Acoustic Doppler velocimeter was established to be best suited within range of some limitations using principal component analysis. Wavelet analysis is proposed to decompose the underlying turbulence structure in a better way.

  5. Distribution of volatile organic compounds in soil vapor in the vicinity of a defense fuel supply point, Hanahan, South Carolina

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Robertson, J.F.; Aelion, C.M.; Vroblesky, D.A.

    1993-01-01

    Two passive soil-vapor sampling techniques were used in the vicinity of a defense fuel supply point in Hanahan, South Carolina, to identify areas of potential contamination of the shallow water table aquifer by volatile organic compounds (VOC's). Both techniques involved the burial of samplers in the vadose zone and the saturated bottom sediments of nearby streams. One method, the empty-tube technique, allowed vapors to pass through a permeable membrane and accumulate inside an inverted empty test tube. A sample was extracted and analyzed on site by using a portable gas chromatograph. As a comparison to this method, an activated-carbon technique, also was used in certain areas. This method uses a vapor collector consisting of a test tube containing activated carbon as a sorbent for VOC's.

  6. Sea-floor geology and sedimentary processes in the vicinity of Cross Rip Channel, Nantucket Sound, offshore southeastern Massachusetts

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Poppe, L.J.; McMullen, K.Y.; Ackerman, S.D.; Schaer, J.D.; Wright, D.B.

    2012-01-01

    Gridded multibeam bathymetry covers approximately 10.4 square kilometers of sea floor in the vicinity of Cross Rip Channel in Nantucket Sound, offshore southeastern Massachusetts. Although originally collected for charting purposes during National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration hydrographic survey H12007, these acoustic data, and the sea-floor sediment sampling and bottom photography stations subsequently occupied to verify them, show the composition and terrain of the seabed and provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat. This report is part of an expanding series of cooperative studies by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management that provide a fundamental framework for research and resource-management activities (for example, windfarms, pipelines, and dredging) along the inner continental shelf offshore of Massachusetts.

  7. Map showing recent (1997-98 El Nino) and historical landslides, Crow Creek and vicinity, Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, California

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Coe, Jeffrey A.; Godt, Jonathan; Tachker, Pierre

    2004-01-01

    This report documents the spatial distribution of 3,800 landslides caused by 1997-98 El Ni?o winter rainfall in the vicinity of Crow Creek in Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, California. The report also documents 558 historical (pre-1997-98) landslides. Landslides were mapped from 1:12,000-scale aerial photographs and classified as either debris flows or slides. Slides include rotational and translational slides, earth flows, and complex slope movements. Debris flows and slides from the 1997-98 winter modified 1 percent of the surface of the 148.6 km2 study area. Debris flows were scattered throughout the area, regardless of the type of underlying bedrock geology. Slides, however, were concentrated in a soft sandstone, conglomerate, and clayey group of rock units. Digital map files accompany the report.

  8. Spatial distribution of marine crenarchaeota group I in the vicinity of deep-sea hydrothermal systems.

    PubMed

    Takai, Ken; Oida, Hanako; Suzuki, Yohey; Hirayama, Hisako; Nakagawa, Satoshi; Nunoura, Takuro; Inagaki, Fumio; Nealson, Kenneth H; Horikoshi, Koki

    2004-04-01

    Distribution profiles of marine crenarchaeota group I in the vicinity of deep-sea hydrothermal systems were mapped with culture-independent molecular techniques. Planktonic samples were obtained from the waters surrounding two geographically and geologically distinct hydrothermal systems, and the abundance of marine crenarchaeota group I was examined by 16S ribosomal DNA clone analysis, quantitative PCR, and whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization. A much higher proportion of marine crenarchaeota group I within the microbial community was detected in deep-sea hydrothermal environments than in normal deep and surface seawaters. The highest proportion was always obtained from the ambient seawater adjacent to hydrothermal emissions and chimneys but not from the hydrothermal plumes. These profiles were markedly different from the profiles of epsilon-Proteobacteria, which are abundant in the low temperatures of deep-sea hydrothermal environments.

  9. Microbial contamination level of air in animal waste utilization plants.

    PubMed

    Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska, Anna; Tymczyna, Leszek; Drabik, Agata; Krzosek, Łukasz

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this research was evaluation of microbial contamination of air within and in the vicinity of animal waste disposal plants. Air samples were analyzed to determine total bacterial and fungal counts as well as microbial species composition. Measurements of climate conditions (temperature, humidity, air motion) and total dust concentration were also performed. Total numbers of bacteria and fungi surpassed the threshold limit values for production halls. The most abundant bacteria detected were those consisting of physiological microflora of animal dermis and mucosa. Fungal species composition proved to be most differentiated in the air beyond the plant area. Aspergillus versicolor, a pathogenic and allergenic filamentous fungus, was isolated only inside the rendering plant processing hall. The measurement results showed a low sanitary-hygienic state of air in the plant processing halls and substantial air pollution in its immediate vicinity.

  10. Effect of reflection and refraction on NEXAFS spectra measured in TEY mode

    PubMed Central

    2018-01-01

    The evolution of near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure in the vicinity of the K-absorption edge of oxygen for HfO2 over a wide range of incidence angles is analyzed by simultaneous implementation of the total-electron-yield (TEY) method and X-ray reflection spectroscopy. It is established that the effect of refraction on the TEY spectrum is greater than that of reflection and extends into the angular region up to angles 2θc. Within angles that are less than the critical angle, both the reflection and refraction strongly distort the shape of the TEY spectrum. Limitations of the technique for the calculation of optical constants from the reflection spectra using the Kramers–Kronig relation in the limited energy region in the vicinity of thresholds are discussed in detail. PMID:29271772

  11. Thermomagnetic recording and magnetic-optic playback system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lewicki, G. W.; Guisinger, J. E. (Inventor)

    1971-01-01

    A magnetic recording and magneto-optic playback system is disclosed wherein thermomagnetic recording is employed. A transparent isotropic film is heated along a continuous path by a focused laser beam. As each successive area of the path is heated locally to the vicinity of its Curie point in the presence of an applied magnetic field, a magneto-optic density is established proportional to the magnetic field and fixed in place as the area cools once the laser beam moves on to an adjacent area. To play back the recorded data, the intensity of the laser beam is reduced to avoid reaching the vicinity of the Curie point of the film as it is scanned by the laser beam in the same manner as for recording. A Faraday effect analyzer and photo detector are employed as a transducer for producing an output signal.

  12. Addition of Improved Shock-Capturing Schemes to OVERFLOW 2.1

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burning, Pieter G.; Nichols, Robert H.; Tramel, Robert W.

    2009-01-01

    Existing approximate Riemann solvers do not perform well when the grid is not aligned with strong shocks in the flow field. Three new approximate Riemann algorithms are investigated to improve solution accuracy and stability in the vicinity of strong shocks. The new algorithms are compared to the existing upwind algorithms in OVERFLOW 2.1. The new algorithms use a multidimensional pressure gradient based switch to transition to a more numerically dissipative algorithm in the vicinity of strong shocks. One new algorithm also attempts to artificially thicken captured shocks in order to alleviate the errors in the solution introduced by "stair-stepping" of the shock resulting from the approximate Riemann solver. This algorithm performed well for all the example cases and produced results that were almost insensitive to the alignment of the grid and the shock.

  13. Lyman-alpha observations in the vicinity of Saturn with Copernicus

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Barker, E.; Cazes, S.; Emerich, C.; Vidal-Madjar, A.; Owen, T.

    1980-01-01

    For the first time, high-resolution Ly-alpha observations of the Saturn vicinity were completed with the Princeton spectrometer on board the Copernicus satellite. They showed that near a minimum solar activity the emissions related to several sources are 250 + or - 50 rayleighs for the interplanetary medium in a near-downwind direction, less than 100 rayleighs for the rings, 200 + or - 100 rayleighs for a torus linked to the Titan orbit, and 1400 + or - 450 rayleighs for the disk of Saturn. These results induce some constraints through the corresponding theoretical evaluations: the B ring as the primary source of the atoms for the ring emissions; an efficient production mechanism for hydrogen atoms in the Titan torus; and a slightly larger eddy diffusion coefficient in the Saturn atmosphere than in the Jupiter atmosphere near solar minimum.

  14. Controlled growth of 3C-SiC and 6H-SiC films on low-tilt-angle vicinal (0001) 6H-SiC wafers

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Powell, J. A.; Petit, J. B.; Edgar, J. H.; Jenkins, I. G.; Matus, L. G.

    1991-01-01

    It has been found that, with proper pregrowth surface treatment, 6H-SiC single-crystal films can be grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at 1450 C on vicinal (0001) 6H-SiC with tilt angles as small as 0.1 deg. Previously, tilt angles of greater than 1.5 deg were required to achieve 6H on 6H at this growth temperature. In addition, 3C-SiC could be induced to grow within selected regions on the 6H substrate. the 3C regions contained few (or zero) double-positioning boundaries and a low density of stacking faults. A new growth model is proposed to explain the control of SiC polytype in this epitaxial film growth process.

  15. Relationship between weathered coal deposits and the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Feder, G.L.; Radovanovic, Z.; Finkelman, R.B.

    1991-01-01

    Field studies in epidemiology and environmental geochemistry in areas in Yugoslavia containing villages with a high incidence of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), indicate a possible relationship between the presence of low-rank coal deposits and the etiology of BEN. Preliminary results from qualitative chemical analyses of drinking water from shallow farm wells indicate the presence of soluble polar aromatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. These compounds may be derived from weathering of low-rank coals occurring in the vicinity of the endemic villages. All of the endemic villages are in alluvial valleys of tributaries to the Danube River. All except one of the clusters of endemic villages are located in the vicinity of known Pliocene age coals. Detailed sampling of the drinking waters and the nearby coals are being undertaken to identify a possible etiologic factor.

  16. [Medical certification in workers involved in logging and wood-processing].

    PubMed

    Romankow, Jacek

    2007-01-01

    Activities involved in forestry and woodworking industry are associated with workers being exposed to numerous environmental and technology-related factors that are detrimental to their health. Such hazards include working in changeable climatic conditions, in the vicinity of heavy equipment, exposure to noise, chainsaw vibrations, enforced body positioning, hard physical work, the effect of exhaust gases, potential effects of biological factors, including epizootic diseases. Wood processing involves performing mechanical activities employing tools and machines, as well as processes utilizing various chemical substances. Forestry and woodworking industry workers may deal both with timber and with wood products. In medical certification, the following issues are of significance: work in the vicinity of rotational elements, noise, effects of chemicals or biological factors, including carcinogenic substances. For this reason, the procedures involved in medical examinations of such workers are complex.

  17. Determination of magnetic anisotropy constants in Fe ultrathin film on vicinal Si(111) by anisotropic magnetoresistance

    PubMed Central

    Ye, Jun; He, Wei; Wu, Qiong; Liu, Hao-Liang; Zhang, Xiang-Qun; Chen, Zi-Yu; Cheng, Zhao-Hua

    2013-01-01

    The epitaxial growth of ultrathin Fe film on Si(111) surface provides an excellent opportunity to investigate the contribution of magnetic anisotropy to magnetic behavior. Here, we present the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect of Fe single crystal film on vicinal Si(111) substrate with atomically flat ultrathin p(2 × 2) iron silicide as buffer layer. Owing to the tiny misorientation from Fe(111) plane, the symmetry of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy changes from the six-fold to a superposition of six-fold, four-fold and a weakly uniaxial contribution. Furthermore, the magnitudes of various magnetic anisotropy constants were derived from torque curves on the basis of AMR results. Our work suggests that AMR measurements can be employed to figure out precisely the contributions of various magnetic anisotropy constants. PMID:23828508

  18. Physical, chemical, and isotopic data from groundwater in the watershed of Mirror Lake, and in the vicinity of Hubbard Brook, near West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1983 to 1997

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    LaBaugh, James W.; Harte, Philip T.; Shapiro, Allen M.; Hsieh, Paul A.; Johnson, Carole D.; Goode, Daniel J.; Wood, Warren W.; Buso, Donald C.; Likens, Gene E.; Winter, Thomas C.

    2013-01-01

    Research on the hydrogeologic setting of Mirror Lake near West Thornton, New Hampshire (43° 56.5’ N, 71° 41.5’ W), includes the study of the physical, chemical, and isotopic characteristics of groundwater in the vicinity of the lake and nearby Hubbard Brook. Presented here are those physical, chemical, and isotopic data for the period 1983 to 1997. Data were collected from observation wells installed in glacial drift and bedrock, as well as from one domestic well in the general area of the lake and Hubbard Brook. Also presented are data for Mirror Lake for August 1, 1993, to place groundwater data in context with chemical and isotopic characteristics of the lake.

  19. Design of the stabilizing control of the orbital motion in the vicinity of the collinear libration point L1 using the analytical representation of the invariant manifold

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Maliavkin, G. P.; Shmyrov, A. S.; Shmyrov, V. A.

    2018-05-01

    Vicinities of collinear libration points of the Sun-Earth system are currently quite attractive for the space navigation. Today, various projects on placing of spacecrafts observing the Sun in the L1 libration point and telescopes in L2 have been implemented (e.g. spacecrafts "WIND", "SOHO", "Herschel", "Planck"). Collinear libration points being unstable leads to the problem of stabilization of a spacecraft's motion. Laws of stabilizing motion control in vicinity of L1 point can be constructed using the analytical representation of a stable invariant manifold. Efficiency of these control laws depends on the precision of the representation. Within the model of Hill's approximation of the circular restricted three-body problem in the rotating geocentric coordinate system one can obtain the analytical representation of an invariant manifold filled with bounded trajectories in a form of series in terms of powers of the phase variables. Approximate representations of the orders from the first to the fourth inclusive can be used to construct four laws of stabilizing feedback motion control under which trajectories approach the manifold. By virtue of numerical simulation the comparison can be made: how the precision of the representation of the invariant manifold influences the efficiency of the control, expressed by energy consumptions (characteristic velocity). It shows that using approximations of higher orders in constructing the control laws can significantly reduce the energy consumptions on implementing the control compared to the linear approximation.

  20. Characterization and simulation of fate and transport of selected volatile organic compounds in the vicinities of the Hadnot Point Industrial Area and landfill: Chapter A Supplement 6 in Analyses and historical reconstruction of groundwater flow, contaminant fate and transport, and distribution of drinking water within the service areas of the Hadnot Point and Holcomb Boulevard Water Treatment Plants and vicinities, U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Jones, L. Elliott; Suárez-Soto, René J.; Anderson, Barbara A.; Maslia, Morris L.

    2013-01-01

    This supplement of Chapter A (Supplement 6) describes the reconstruction (i.e. simulation) of historical concentrations of tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and benzene3 in production wells supplying water to the Hadnot Base (USMCB) Camp Lejeune, North Carolina (Figure S6.1). A fate and transport model (i.e., MT3DMS [Zheng and Wang 1999]) was used to simulate contaminant migration from source locations through the groundwater system and to estimate mean contaminant concentrations in water withdrawn from water-supply wells in the vicinity of the Hadnot Point Industrial Area (HPIA) and the Hadnot Point landfill (HPLF) area.4 The reconstructed contaminant concentrations were subsequently input into a flow-weighted, materials mass balance (mixing) model (Masters 1998) to estimate monthly mean concentrations of the contaminant in finished water 5 at the HPWTP (Maslia et al. 2013). The calibrated fate and transport models described herein were based on and used groundwater velocities derived from groundwater-flow models that are described in Suárez-Soto et al. (2013). Information data pertinent to historical operations of water-supply wells are described in Sautner et al. (2013) and Telci et al. (2013).

  1. Insect Species Damage on Ornamental Plants and Saplings of Bartin Province and Its Vicinity in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey

    PubMed Central

    Kaygin, Azize Toper; Sönmezyildiz, Hilmi; Ülgentürk, Selma; Özdemir, Işıl

    2008-01-01

    The objectives of this study were to identify harmful insect species, understand their biology, assess their damage potential and target plants and define distribution areas. There are a lot of native or cultured ornamental plants in Bartın and its surrounding (Çaycuma, Zonguldak, Karabük, Mengen, Devrek). These plants are herbaceous and woody species. Specimens were collected from various cultured and non-cultured plants. A total of 34 species belonging to 20 families of 5 orders were identified. The order Hemiptera was represented by the highest number of species (19 species), followed by Coleoptera (8), Lepidoptera (4), Orthoptera (2), and Dermaptera (1). Insect samples were collected from plants by net traps, special insect aspirators, and various insect traps. The identified species have been stored in the collection room of the Forest Entomology and Protection Unit, Bartın Forestry Faculty, Zonguldak Karaelmas University (Z.K.U.), Turkey. This is the first detailed study about insect species causing damage on ornamental plants and saplings of Bartın province and its vicinity, although similar studies of different regions exist. This research makes a very important contribution to the insect fauna of Bartın, its environs and Turkey. Twenty four of the identified species were new for Bartın and its vicinity, while the remainder had been previously recorded in different parts of Bartın. PMID:19325767

  2. Accumulation of airborne elements from vehicles in transplanted lichens in urban sites

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Garty, J.; Kauppi, M.; Kauppi, A.

    1996-03-01

    The objective of the current study is to compare the short-term accumulation capacity of two epiphytic lichens characterized by a different type of thallus. The lichens Hypogynmia physodes (L.) Nyl. and Usnea hirta (L.) Weber em. Mot. were transplanted either to the vicinity of streets of low volume and slow traffic or to the vicinity of a highway in the city of Oulu, N. Finland, for a period of 45 d. Eleven elements were analyzed before and after transplantation. The two lichen species were found to possess a similar accumulating capacity for K and Mn. Hypogynmia physodes manifests a highermore » accumulating capacity than U. hirta for Na, Fe, and Cu. whereas the more sensitive lichen U. hirta exhibits a higher accumulating capacity for Mg, despite a higher primary concentration of these elements in the thallus of H. physodes. Our findings show a relative high concentration of K, Fe, Mg, Zn, Mn, Pb, and Cu in thalli of H. physodes and Mg, Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd in U. hirta in material transplanted to streets of low volume and slow traffic, over and above the concentration found in thalli retrieved form the vicinity of the highway. This may be explained by the higher rate of abrasion of car engines running idle near traffic lights and by the lesser ventilation near the close-clustered streets of the inner city. 65 refs., 8 tabs.« less

  3. Ballooning modes localized near the null point of a divertor

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Farmer, W. A.; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94550

    2014-04-15

    The stability of ballooning modes localized to the null point in both the standard and snowflake divertors is considered. Ideal magnetohydrodynamics is used. A series expansion of the flux function is performed in the vicinity of the null point with the lowest, non-vanishing term retained for each divertor configuration. The energy principle is used with a trial function to determine a sufficient instability threshold. It is shown that this threshold depends on the orientation of the flux surfaces with respect to the major radius with a critical angle appearing due to the convergence of the field lines away from themore » null point. When the angle the major radius forms with respect to the flux surfaces exceeds this critical angle, the system is stabilized. Further, the scaling of the instability threshold with the aspect ratio and the ratio of the scrape-off-layer width to the major radius is shown. It is concluded that ballooning modes are not a likely candidate for driving convection in the vicinity of the null for parameters relevant to existing machines. However, the results place a lower bound on the width of the heat flux in the private flux region. To explain convective mixing in the vicinity of the null point, new consideration should be given to an axisymmetric mixing mode [W. A. Farmer and D. D. Ryutov, Phys. Plasmas 20, 092117 (2013)] as a possible candidate to explain current experimental results.« less

  4. Interaction of Aquifer and River-Canal Network near Well Field.

    PubMed

    Ghosh, Narayan C; Mishra, Govinda C; Sandhu, Cornelius S S; Grischek, Thomas; Singh, Vikrant V

    2015-01-01

    The article presents semi-analytical mathematical models to asses (1) enhancements of seepage from a canal and (2) induced flow from a partially penetrating river in an unconfined aquifer consequent to groundwater withdrawal in a well field in the vicinity of the river and canal. The nonlinear exponential relation between seepage from a canal reach and hydraulic head in the aquifer beneath the canal reach is used for quantifying seepage from the canal reach. Hantush's (1967) basic solution for water table rise due to recharge from a rectangular spreading basin in absence of pumping well is used for generating unit pulse response function coefficients for water table rise in the aquifer. Duhamel's convolution theory and method of superposition are applied to obtain water table position due to pumping and recharge from different canal reaches. Hunt's (1999) basic solution for river depletion due to constant pumping from a well in the vicinity of a partially penetrating river is used to generate unit pulse response function coefficients. Applying convolution technique and superposition, treating the recharge from canal reaches as recharge through conceptual injection wells, river depletion consequent to variable pumping and recharge is quantified. The integrated model is applied to a case study in Haridwar (India). The well field consists of 22 pumping wells located in the vicinity of a perennial river and a canal network. The river bank filtrate portion consequent to pumping is quantified. © 2014, National GroundWater Association.

  5. Magnetothermal Convection of Air in a Shallow Vessel under the Application of an Axisymmetric Magnetic Force

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Maki, Syou; Tanaka, Keito; Morimoto, Shotaro

    2017-02-01

    We examined, by three-dimensional numerical computations, the magnetothermal convection of air (a paramagnetic substance) enclosed in a cylindrical vessel with a Rayleigh-Benard model under the application of an axisymmetric magnetic force at the center of a solenoidal superconducting magnet. Axisymmetric steady convective flows were induced when the magnitude of the radial component of the magnetic force (fmR) was 1.0 and 5.0 times that of the gravitational force at the vessel sidewall; e.g., the hot air was concentrated at the vessel center and the cold air was driven to the vicinity of the vessel sidewall. This flow pattern was similar to the case of water (a diamagnetic substance), although the axisymmetric arrangements of hot and cold water were the reverse of the present convection of air. When fmR was 0.5 times that of the gravitational force, the axisymmetric flows appeared only in the vicinity of the vessel sidewall. Unsteady convective rolls simultaneously occurred in the vessel center, and they repeatedly combined and separated from each other. When fmR was 0.1 times that of the gravitational force, there were barely any axisymmetric flows in the close vicinity of the vessel sidewall, while the initial convective flows remained in most other parts of the vessel. Thus, we varied the magnitude of fmR and clarified the transitional processes of isothermal and velocity distributions of magnetothermal convection. We discuss those convective flows with the magnitude and direction of fmR.

  6. Solid-tumor mortality in the vicinity of uranium cycle facilities and nuclear power plants in Spain.

    PubMed Central

    López-Abente, G; Aragonés, N; Pollán, M

    2001-01-01

    To ascertain solid tumor mortality in towns near Spain's four nuclear power plants and four nuclear fuel facilities from 1975 to 1993, we conducted a mortality study based on 12,245 cancer deaths in 283 towns situated within a 30-km radius of the above installations. As nonexposed areas, we used 275 towns lying within a 50- to 100-km radius of each installation, matched by population size and sociodemographic characteristics (income level, proportion of active population engaged in farming, proportion of unemployed, percentage of illiteracy, and province). Using log-linear models, we examined relative risk for each area and trends in risk with increasing proximity to an installation. The results reveal a pattern of solid-tumor mortality in the vicinity of uranium cycle facilities, basically characterized by excess lung [relative risk (RR) 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.25] and renal cancer mortality (RR 1.37, 95% CI, 1.07-1.76). Besides the effects of natural radiation, these results could well be evincing the influence on public health exerted by the environmental impact of mining. No such well-defined pattern appeared in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. Monitoring of cancer incidence and mortality is recommended in areas surrounding nuclear fuel facilities and nuclear power plants, and more specific studies are called for in areas adjacent to installations that have been fully operational for longer periods. In this regard, it is important to use dosimetric information in all future studies. PMID:11485872

  7. pH controlled gating of toxic protein pores by dendrimers

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mandal, Taraknath; Kanchi, Subbarao; Ayappa, K. G.; Maiti, Prabal K.

    2016-06-01

    Designing effective nanoscale blockers for membrane inserted pores formed by pore forming toxins, which are expressed by several virulent bacterial strains, on a target cell membrane is a challenging and active area of research. Here we demonstrate that PAMAM dendrimers can act as effective pH controlled gating devices once the pore has been formed. We have used fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to characterize the cytolysin A (ClyA) protein pores modified with fifth generation (G5) PAMAM dendrimers. Our results show that the PAMAM dendrimer, in either its protonated (P) or non-protonated (NP) states can spontaneously enter the protein lumen. Protonated dendrimers interact strongly with the negatively charged protein pore lumen. As a consequence, P dendrimers assume a more expanded configuration efficiently blocking the pore when compared with the more compact configuration adopted by the neutral NP dendrimers creating a greater void space for the passage of water and ions. To quantify the effective blockage of the protein pore, we have calculated the pore conductance as well as the residence times by applying a weak force on the ions/water. Ionic currents are reduced by 91% for the P dendrimers and 31% for the NP dendrimers. The preferential binding of Cl- counter ions to the P dendrimer creates a zone of high Cl- concentration in the vicinity of the internalized dendrimer and a high concentration of K+ ions in the transmembrane region of the pore lumen. In addition to steric effects, this induced charge segregation for the P dendrimer effectively blocks ionic transport through the pore. Our investigation shows that the bio-compatible PAMAM dendrimers can potentially be used to develop therapeutic protocols based on the pH sensitive gating of pores formed by pore forming toxins to mitigate bacterial infections.Designing effective nanoscale blockers for membrane inserted pores formed by pore forming toxins, which are expressed by several virulent bacterial strains, on a target cell membrane is a challenging and active area of research. Here we demonstrate that PAMAM dendrimers can act as effective pH controlled gating devices once the pore has been formed. We have used fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to characterize the cytolysin A (ClyA) protein pores modified with fifth generation (G5) PAMAM dendrimers. Our results show that the PAMAM dendrimer, in either its protonated (P) or non-protonated (NP) states can spontaneously enter the protein lumen. Protonated dendrimers interact strongly with the negatively charged protein pore lumen. As a consequence, P dendrimers assume a more expanded configuration efficiently blocking the pore when compared with the more compact configuration adopted by the neutral NP dendrimers creating a greater void space for the passage of water and ions. To quantify the effective blockage of the protein pore, we have calculated the pore conductance as well as the residence times by applying a weak force on the ions/water. Ionic currents are reduced by 91% for the P dendrimers and 31% for the NP dendrimers. The preferential binding of Cl- counter ions to the P dendrimer creates a zone of high Cl- concentration in the vicinity of the internalized dendrimer and a high concentration of K+ ions in the transmembrane region of the pore lumen. In addition to steric effects, this induced charge segregation for the P dendrimer effectively blocks ionic transport through the pore. Our investigation shows that the bio-compatible PAMAM dendrimers can potentially be used to develop therapeutic protocols based on the pH sensitive gating of pores formed by pore forming toxins to mitigate bacterial infections. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02963a

  8. Cornice Detail of Rake, Cornice Detail of Eave, Wood DoubleHung ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Cornice Detail of Rake, Cornice Detail of Eave, Wood Double-Hung Window Details, Wood Door Details - Boxley Grist Mill, Boxley vicinity on State Route 43, Buffalo National River, Ponca, Newton County, AR

  9. 40 CFR 194.54 - Scope of compliance assessments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... processes and events that may occur over the regulatory time frame; (2) Identifies the processes, events, or... effects on the disposal system of: (1) Existing boreholes in the vicinity of the disposal system, with...

  10. 19. Photocopy of photograph Photographer unknown, ca. 1895 GENERAL VIEW ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    19. Photocopy of photograph Photographer unknown, ca. 1895 GENERAL VIEW OF KEY WEST WITH FORT TAYLOR IN THE BACKGROUND LOOKING WEST SOUTHWEST - Fort Taylor, Whitehead Spit Vicinity, Key West, Monroe County, FL

  11. 2. Historic American Buildings Survey Branan Sanders, Photographer March 1934 ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. Historic American Buildings Survey Branan Sanders, Photographer March 1934 FORT WYMBERLY- NORTH Also reproduced in 'Garden History of Georgia', page 19. - Wormsloe, Isle of Hope, Savannah Vicinity, Savannah, Chatham County, GA

  12. 42 CFR 405.503 - Determining customary charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... exceptional charges on the high side. A significant clustering of charges in the vicinity of the median amount might indicate that a point of such clustering should be taken as the physician's or other person's...

  13. 32. William E. Barrett, Photographer, 1973. DEADEND WELL WITH WOODEN ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    32. William E. Barrett, Photographer, 1973. DEAD-END WELL WITH WOODEN OIL TANK, PIPE ROCKER ARM. - West Oil Company Endless Wire Pumping Station, U.S. Route 50 (Volcano vicinity), Petroleum, Ritchie County, WV

  14. Measuring Earth's Radiation Budget from the Vicinity of the Moon

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Swartz, W. H.; Lorentz, S. R.; Erlandson, R. E.; Cahalan, R. F.; Huang, P. M.

    2018-02-01

    We propose to measure Earth's radiation budget (integrated total and solar-reflected shortwave) using broadband radiometers and other technology demonstrated in space. The instrument is compact, autonomous, and has modest resource requirements.

  15. 5. Historic American Buildings Survey W. N. Manning, Photographer, September ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    5. Historic American Buildings Survey W. N. Manning, Photographer, September 10, 1935 CLOSE-UP OF COLUMN BASE ON FRONT PORCH - James Ellington House, Oak Bowery Road vicinity, Gold Hill, Lee County, AL

  16. 10. Historic American Buildings Survey W. N. Manning, Photographer, September ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    10. Historic American Buildings Survey W. N. Manning, Photographer, September 10, 1935 MANTEL AND WINDOW TREATMENT IN PARLOR, WEST FRONT ROOM - James Ellington House, Oak Bowery Road vicinity, Gold Hill, Lee County, AL

  17. 4. Historic American Buildings Survey W. N. Manning, Photographer, Sept. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Historic American Buildings Survey W. N. Manning, Photographer, Sept. 10, 1935 VIEW OF FRONT PORCH SHOWING DOOR AND WINDOW DETAIL - James Ellington House, Oak Bowery Road vicinity, Gold Hill, Lee County, AL

  18. 28. MCDONALD RANCH: VIEW OF RANCH HOUSE FROM WESTSOUTHWEST, WITH ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    28. MCDONALD RANCH: VIEW OF RANCH HOUSE FROM WEST-SOUTHWEST, WITH OSCURA MOUNTAINS IN BACKGROUND - White Sands Missile Range, Trinity Site, Vicinity of Routes 13 & 20, White Sands, Dona Ana County, NM

  19. 15. Stress Sheet, Truss number 2, span number 6, Superior ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    15. Stress Sheet, Truss number 2, span number 6, Superior Avenue viaduct. Drawing courtesy Engineering Dept., City of Cleveland. - Superior Avenue Viaduct, Cleveland East & West side, Cuyahoga Valley Vicinity, Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, OH

  20. 2. GENERAL VIEW SHOWING SIMPSON CREEK BRIDGE WITH BRIDGEPORT LAMP ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    2. GENERAL VIEW SHOWING SIMPSON CREEK BRIDGE WITH BRIDGEPORT LAMP AND CHIMNEY COMPANY IN BACKGROUND. - Bridgeport Lamp Chimney Company, Simpson Creek Bridge, Spanning Simpson Creek, State Route 58 vicinity, Bridgeport, Harrison County, WV

  1. 47. Interior view of the second floor, west side of ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    47. Interior view of the second floor, west side of the fireplace showing the louvered window in the gable, with scale - Kiskiack, Naval Mine Depot, State Route 238 vicinity, Yorktown, York County, VA

  2. Investigation of water quality parameters at selected points on the Tennessee River

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1972-01-01

    The thermal and water quality parameters in the vicinity of widows Creek Steam Generation Plant were investigated. The water quality analysis and temperature profiles are presented for 24 sampling sites.

  3. Off-equatorial circular orbits in magnetic fields of compact objects

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Stuchlík, Zdeněk; Kovář, Jiří; Karas, Vladimír

    2009-04-01

    We present results of investigation of the off-equatorial circular orbits existence in the vicinity of neutron stars, Schwarzschild black holes with plasma ring, and near Kerr-Newman black holes and naked singularities.

  4. 1. GENERAL VIEW. OVERHANG, PAINTED RED, HAS VERTICAL SIDING AND ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. GENERAL VIEW. OVERHANG, PAINTED RED, HAS VERTICAL SIDING AND FADED PAINTINGS OF FARM ANIMALS: COW, DONKEYS AND HORSE. - De Turck House, Barn, State Route 662 vicinity, Oley Township, Oley, Berks County, PA

  5. 1. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer August ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    1. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer August 1937 VIEW OF CHURCH - LOOKING NORTH EAST - San Cayetano de Calabasas (Mission, Ruins), Santa Cruz River Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  6. 4. DETAIL OF SOUTH (FRONT) ELEVATION AT EAST END OF ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. DETAIL OF SOUTH (FRONT) ELEVATION AT EAST END OF PORCH WITH STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF WOOD FRAME WITH BRICK NOGGING REVEALED. - Andalusia, The Cottage, State Road vicinity (Bensalem Township), Andalusia, Bucks County, PA

  7. 4. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer August ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    4. Historic American Buildings Survey Frederick D. Nichols, Photographer August 1937 CANAL IN EAST WALL OF CHURCH - San Cayetano de Calabasas (Mission, Ruins), Santa Cruz River Vicinity, Nogales, Santa Cruz County, AZ

  8. Photocopy of a postcard, circa 1910 from Mr. and Mrs. ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Photocopy of a postcard, circa 1910 from Mr. and Mrs. Buford Buoy, Chinton, Missouri) SOUTH AND EAST FACADES BEFORE ALTERATION OF DOORS - Bethlehem Baptist Church, Route AA & 35 vicinity, Clinton, Henry County, MO

  9. 11. Historic American Buildings Survey Alex Bush, Photographer, June 4, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    11. Historic American Buildings Survey Alex Bush, Photographer, June 4, 1937 OLD TIME TOOLS USED IN ANTI-BELLUM TIMES, TUSCUMBIA VICINITY. - Carl Rand House, 501 East Third Street, Tuscumbia, Colbert County, AL

  10. 6. Historic American Buildings Survey, August, 1966 REAR PORCH SHOWING ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. Historic American Buildings Survey, August, 1966 REAR PORCH SHOWING BALCONY WHICH GIVES ACCESS TO SECOND FLOOR ROOMS. - Andrews-Taylor House, State Route 43, Farm Road 2862 Vicinity, Karnack, Harrison County, TX

  11. Black Hole Spills Kaleidoscope of Color

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2006-07-21

    This new false-colored image from NASA Hubble, Chandra and Spitzer space telescopes shows a giant jet of particles that has been shot out from the vicinity of a type of supermassive black hole called a quasar.

  12. Road Construction Safety Audit for Interstate Reconstruction. Volume 2.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1998-10-01

    Traffic control alternatives associated with reconstruction projects on a rural interstate have been investigated in this research. Slab replacement projects, milling/resurfacing projects, and traffic controls in the vicinity of interstate ramps were...

  13. Road Construction Safety Audit for Interstate Reconstruction. Volume 1.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1998-10-01

    Traffic control alternatives associated with reconstruction projects on a rural interstate have been investigated in this research. Slab replacement projects, milling/resurfacing projects, and traffic controls in the vicinity of interstate ramps were...

  14. 39. SIGNATURE BLOCK TO THE RIGHT (SOUTH) OF WEST ENTRACE ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    39. SIGNATURE BLOCK TO THE RIGHT (SOUTH) OF WEST ENTRACE DOORWAY, APPROXIMATELY 18 INCHES ABOVE GROUND - Isaac N. Hagan House, Kentuck Knob, U.S. Route 40 vicinity (Stewart Township), Chalkhill, Fayette County, PA

  15. 75 FR 5627 - National Register of Historic Places; Weekly Listing of Historic Properties

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-03

    .../10/09 NEW YORK Greene County Brandow, William, House, 480 Rt. 385, Athens vicinity, 09000908, Listed... Blackstone Boulevard-Cole Avenue-Grotto Avenue Historic District, Roughly bounded by Blackstone Blvd., Cole...

  16. 13. Historic American Buildings Survey Alex Bush, Photographer, August 30, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    13. Historic American Buildings Survey Alex Bush, Photographer, August 30, 1936 SOUTH END OF BACK PORCH SHOWING BLINDS AND STAIR RAIL, SECOND FLOOR - Burford House, County Road 33 vicinity, Camden, Wilcox County, AL

  17. 6. Bell house, view northwest, southeast and northeast sides, with ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    6. Bell house, view northwest, southeast and northeast sides, with west side of light tower to right - Hendricks Head Light Station, End of Beach Road, West Southport vicinity, Southport, Lincoln County, ME

  18. 50 CFR 22.27 - Removal of eagle nests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... when the Service determines it is necessary to prevent eagles from re-nesting in the vicinity. (7) You... Migratory Bird Permit Office (http://www.fws.gov/permits/mbpermits/addresses.html) at the earliest possible...

  19. 50 CFR 22.27 - Removal of eagle nests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... when the Service determines it is necessary to prevent eagles from re-nesting in the vicinity. (7) You... Migratory Bird Permit Office (http://www.fws.gov/permits/mbpermits/addresses.html) at the earliest possible...

  20. 50 CFR 22.27 - Removal of eagle nests.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... when the Service determines it is necessary to prevent eagles from re-nesting in the vicinity. (7) You... Migratory Bird Permit Office (http://www.fws.gov/permits/mbpermits/addresses.html) at the earliest possible...

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