14 CFR 271.6 - Profit element.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS GUIDELINES FOR SUBSIDIZING AIR CARRIERS PROVIDING ESSENTIAL AIR TRANSPORTATION § 271.6 Profit element. The reasonable return for a carrier for providing essential air service at an eligible place...

Modeling the Structure of Partnership between Researchers and Front-Line Service Providers: Strengthening Collaborative Public Health Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinto, Rogério M.; Wall, Melanie M.; Spector, Anya Y.

2014-01-01

Partnerships between HIV researchers and service providers are essential for reducing the gap between research and practice. Community-Based Participatory Research principles guided this cross-sectional study, combining 40 in-depth interviews with surveys of 141 providers in 24 social service agencies in New York City. We generated the…

The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Le Traon, Pierre-Yves

2017-04-01

The oceans provide essential services to society. They regulate climate, they provide food and energy, and many economic activities depend on our seas and oceans. But our oceans and marine ecosystems are under threat. They are impacted by the effects of climate change as well as from other human-induced pressures. More than ever, there is a need to continuously monitor the oceans. This is imperative to understanding and predicting the evolution of our weather and climate. This is also essential for a better and sustainable management of our oceans and seas. The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) has been set up to answer these challenges. CMEMS provides a unique monitoring of the global ocean and European seas based on satellite and in situ observations and models. CMEMS monitors past (over the last 30 years) and current marine conditions and provide short-term forecasts. Mercator Ocean was tasked by the EU to implement the service. The organisation is based on a strong European partnership with more than 60 marine operational and research centres in Europe that are involved in the service and its evolution. An overview of CMEMS, its drivers, organization and initial achievements will be given. The essential role of in-situ and satellite upstream observations will be discussed as well as CMEMS Service Evolution Strategy, associated R&D priorities and future scientific challenges.

39 CFR 501.2 - Postage Evidencing System provider authorization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... 501.2 Section 501.2 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE POSTAGE PROGRAMS AUTHORIZATION TO... essential to the exercise of its specific powers to prescribe postage and provide evidence of payment of... Postal Service office responsible for administration of this Part 501 is the office of Postage Technology...

14 CFR 271.3 - Carrier subsidy need.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS GUIDELINES FOR SUBSIDIZING AIR CARRIERS PROVIDING ESSENTIAL AIR TRANSPORTATION § 271.3 Carrier subsidy need. In establishing the subsidy for an air carrier providing essential air service at an...

Financing mental health services for adolescents: a background paper.

PubMed

Kapphahn, Cynthia; Morreale, Madlyn; Rickert, Vaughn I; Walker, Leslie

2006-09-01

Good mental health provides an essential foundation for normal growth and development through adolescence and into adulthood. Many adolescents, however, experience mental health problems that significantly impede the attainment of their full potential. The majority of these adolescents do not receive needed mental health services, in part because of financial obstacles to care. This article reviews the magnitude and impact of mental health problems during adolescence and highlights the importance of insurance coverage in assuring access to mental health services for adolescents. Significant limitations in private health insurance coverage of mental health services are outlined. Recent federal and state efforts to move toward parity in private insurance coverage between mental and physical health services are discussed, including an explanation of the role of Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) in providing access to mental health services for adolescents. Finally, other elements that would facilitate financial access to essential mental health services for adolescents are presented.

Linking Ecosystem Condition to Goods and Services: Monitoring to Inform the Science and Vision of Gulf Coast Restoration

EPA Science Inventory

The natural resources of the Gulf’s coastal and marine habitats and the services they provide are essential to the regional economy and provide 17% of the Nation’s gross domestic product (GDP). Restoring these natural resources, goods and services will be important t...

The Evolution of Student Services in the UK

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morgan, Michelle

2012-01-01

There is limited literature that looks at the evolution of student services in the UK and their effectiveness in providing student support. Student support is broadly defined as all services that support students to learn. Academic and non-academic support are essential mechanisms in providing holistic student support. In this article, the author…

Idaho's Blueprint for Early Learning: "The Essential Elements."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wheeler, Myrl, Ed.

Designed to provide information related to quality early care and education services for providers, policy makers, and clients in Idaho, This "blueprint" outlines the nine essential elements for best practices in early care and education settings. The document is presented in three parts. Part 1 delineates standards and indicators in…

Medication therapy management: its relationship to patient counseling, disease management, and pharmaceutical care.

PubMed

McGivney, Melissa Somma; Meyer, Susan M; Duncan-Hewitt, Wendy; Hall, Deanne L; Goode, Jean-Venable R; Smith, Randall B

2007-01-01

To delineate the relationship, including similarities and differences, between medication therapy management (MTM) and contemporary pharmacist-provided services, including patient counseling, disease management, and pharmaceutical care, to facilitate the continued evolution of commonly used language and a standard of practice across geographic areas and practice environments. Incorporation of MTM services into the array of Medicare-funded services affords an opportunity for pharmacists to develop direct patient care services in the community. Defining the role of MTM within the scope of pharmacist-provided patient care activities, including patient counseling, disease management, and all currently provided pharmacy services is essential to the delineation of a viable and sustainable practice model for pharmacists. The definitions of each of these services are offered, as well as comparisons and contrasts of the individual services. In addition to Medicare-eligible patients, MTM services are appropriate for anyone with medication-related needs. MTM is offered as an all-encompassing model that incorporates the philosophy of pharmaceutical care, techniques of patient counseling, and disease management in an environment that facilitates the direct collaboration of patients, pharmacists, and other health professionals. Defining the role of MTM within the current patient care models, including patient counseling, disease management, and all who provide pharmacy services, is essential in delineating a viable and sustainable practice model for pharmacists.

Progress and gaps in reproductive health services in three humanitarian settings: mixed-methods case studies

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Background Reproductive health (RH) care is an essential component of humanitarian response. Women and girls living in humanitarian settings often face high maternal mortality and are vulnerable to unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion, and sexual violence. This study explored the availability and quality of, and access barriers to RH services in three humanitarian settings in Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and South Sudan. Methods Data collection was conducted between July and October 2013. In total, 63 purposively selected health facilities were assessed: 28 in Burkina Faso, 25 in DRC, and nine in South Sudan, and 42 providers completed a questionnaire to assess RH knowledge and attitudes. Thirty-four focus group discussions were conducted with 29 members of the host communities and 273 displaced married and unmarried women and men to understand access barriers. Results All facilities reported providing some RH services in the prior three months. Five health facilities in Burkina Faso, six in DRC, and none in South Sudan met the criteria as a family planning service delivery point. Two health facilities in Burkina Faso, one in DRC, and two in South Sudan met the criteria as an emergency obstetric and newborn care service delivery point. Across settings, three facilities in DRC adequately provided selected elements of clinical management of rape. Safe abortion was unavailable. Many providers lacked essential knowledge and skills. Focus groups revealed limited knowledge of available RH services and socio-cultural barriers to accessing them, although participants reported a remarkable increase in use of facility-based delivery services. Conclusion Although RH services are being provided, the availability of good quality RH services was inconsistent across settings. Commodity management and security must be prioritized to ensure consistent availability of essential supplies. It is critical to improve the attitudes, managerial and technical capacity of providers to ensure that RH services are delivered respectfully and efficiently. In addition to ensuring systematic implementation of good quality RH services, humanitarian health actors should meaningfully engage crisis-affected communities in RH programming to increase understanding and use of this life-saving care. PMID:25798189

The Spies We Trust: Third Party Service Providers and Law Enforcement Surveillance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soghoian, Christopher

2012-01-01

Telecommunications carriers and service providers now play an essential role in facilitating modern surveillance by law enforcement agencies. The police merely select the individuals to be monitored, while the actual surveillance is performed by third parties: often the same email providers, search engines and telephone companies to whom consumers…

42 CFR 489.21 - Specific limitations on charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Specific limitations on charges. 489.21 Section 489.21 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION PROVIDER AGREEMENTS AND SUPPLIER APPROVAL Essentials of Provider...

42 CFR 489.21 - Specific limitations on charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Specific limitations on charges. 489.21 Section 489.21 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION PROVIDER AGREEMENTS AND SUPPLIER APPROVAL Essentials of Provider...

47 CFR 90.523 - Eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... organizations. A nongovernmental organization (NGO) that provides services, the sole or principal purpose of... communications essential to providing such services if (and only for so long as) the NGO applicant/licensee: (1... the safety of life, health, or property; and (3) All applications submitted by NGOs must be...

What could a strengthened right to health bring to the post-2015 health development agenda?: interrogating the role of the minimum core concept in advancing essential global health needs.

PubMed

Forman, Lisa; Ooms, Gorik; Chapman, Audrey; Friedman, Eric; Waris, Attiya; Lamprea, Everaldo; Mulumba, Moses

2013-12-01

Global health institutions increasingly recognize that the right to health should guide the formulation of replacement goals for the Millennium Development Goals, which expire in 2015. However, the right to health's contribution is undercut by the principle of progressive realization, which links provision of health services to available resources, permitting states to deny even basic levels of health coverage domestically and allowing international assistance for health to remain entirely discretionary. To prevent progressive realization from undermining both domestic and international responsibilities towards health, international human rights law institutions developed the idea of non-derogable "minimum core" obligations to provide essential health services. While minimum core obligations have enjoyed some uptake in human rights practice and scholarship, their definition in international law fails to specify which health services should fall within their scope, or to specify wealthy country obligations to assist poorer countries. These definitional gaps undercut the capacity of minimum core obligations to protect essential health needs against inaction, austerity and illegitimate trade-offs in both domestic and global action. If the right to health is to effectively advance essential global health needs in these contexts, weaknesses within the minimum core concept must be resolved through innovative research on social, political and legal conceptualizations of essential health needs. We believe that if the minimum core concept is strengthened in these ways, it will produce a more feasible and grounded conception of legally prioritized health needs that could assist in advancing health equity, including by providing a framework rooted in legal obligations to guide the formulation of new health development goals, providing a baseline of essential health services to be protected as a matter of right against governmental claims of scarcity and inadequate international assistance, and empowering civil society to claim fulfillment of their essential health needs from domestic and global decision-makers.

What could a strengthened right to health bring to the post-2015 health development agenda?: interrogating the role of the minimum core concept in advancing essential global health needs

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Global health institutions increasingly recognize that the right to health should guide the formulation of replacement goals for the Millennium Development Goals, which expire in 2015. However, the right to health’s contribution is undercut by the principle of progressive realization, which links provision of health services to available resources, permitting states to deny even basic levels of health coverage domestically and allowing international assistance for health to remain entirely discretionary. Discussion To prevent progressive realization from undermining both domestic and international responsibilities towards health, international human rights law institutions developed the idea of non-derogable “minimum core” obligations to provide essential health services. While minimum core obligations have enjoyed some uptake in human rights practice and scholarship, their definition in international law fails to specify which health services should fall within their scope, or to specify wealthy country obligations to assist poorer countries. These definitional gaps undercut the capacity of minimum core obligations to protect essential health needs against inaction, austerity and illegitimate trade-offs in both domestic and global action. If the right to health is to effectively advance essential global health needs in these contexts, weaknesses within the minimum core concept must be resolved through innovative research on social, political and legal conceptualizations of essential health needs. Summary We believe that if the minimum core concept is strengthened in these ways, it will produce a more feasible and grounded conception of legally prioritized health needs that could assist in advancing health equity, including by providing a framework rooted in legal obligations to guide the formulation of new health development goals, providing a baseline of essential health services to be protected as a matter of right against governmental claims of scarcity and inadequate international assistance, and empowering civil society to claim fulfillment of their essential health needs from domestic and global decision-makers. PMID:24289096

Employer Relations and Recruitment Services: An Essential Part of Postsecondary Career Services. Monograph Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoover, Myrna P.; Lenz, Janet G.; Garis, Jeff

2013-01-01

This monograph is intended for any career services provider seeking a guide for developing employer relations and recruitment services at a postsecondary institution. It serves to inform readers about the changing meaning of "placement" over the years and the role it currently plays in career services. The publication describes…

47 CFR 5.5 - Definition of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... of providing essential communications for research projects that could not be conducted without the... service and fixed service. In a regulatory sense, the subdivisions may be descriptive of particular groups...

47 CFR 5.5 - Definition of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... of providing essential communications for research projects that could not be conducted without the... service and fixed service. In a regulatory sense, the subdivisions may be descriptive of particular groups...

47 CFR 5.5 - Definition of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... of providing essential communications for research projects that could not be conducted without the... service and fixed service. In a regulatory sense, the subdivisions may be descriptive of particular groups...

Survey of Emergency and Essential Surgical, Obstetric and Anaesthetic Services Available in Bangladeshi Government Health Facilities.

PubMed

Loveday, Jonathan; Sachdev, Sonal P; Cherian, Meena N; Katayama, Francisco; Akhtaruzzaman, A K M; Thomas, Joe; Huda, N; Faragher, E Brian; Johnson, Walter D

2017-07-01

Evaluate the capacity of government-run hospitals in Bangladesh to provide emergency and essential surgical, obstetric and anaesthetic services. Cross-sectional survey of 240 Bangladeshi Government healthcare facilities using the World Health Organisation Situational Analysis Tool to Assess Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (SAT). This tool evaluates the ability of a healthcare facility to provide basic surgical, obstetric and anaesthetic care based on 108 queries that detail the infrastructure and population demographics, human resources, surgical interventions and reason for referral, and available surgical equipment and supplies. For this survey, the Bangladeshi Ministry of Health sent the SAT to sub-district, district/general and teaching hospitals throughout the country in April 2013. Responses were received from 240 healthcare facilities (49.5% response rate): 218 sub-district and 22 district/general hospitals. At the sub-district level, caesarean section was offered by 55% of facilities, laparotomy by 7% and open fracture repair by 8%. At the district/general hospital level, 95% offered caesarean section, 86% offered laparotomy and 77% offered open fracture treatment. Availability of anaesthesia services, general equipment and supplies reflected this trend, where district/general hospitals were better equipped than sub-district hospitals, though equipment and infrastructure shortages persist. There has been overall impressive progress by the Bangladeshi Government in providing essential surgical services. Areas for improvement remain across all key areas, including infrastructure, human resources, surgical interventions offered and available equipment. Investment in surgical services offers a cost-effective opportunity to continue to improve the health of the Bangladeshi population and move the country towards universal healthcare coverage.

School Library Media Programs and the National Program for Library and Information Services. Related Paper No. 7.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Franckowiak, Bernard M.

The nature of the instructional process, with emphasis on student involvement in the use of materials, makes it essential that excellent school library media programs be provided at the school building level. The National Program for Library and Information Services could provide substantial improvement in the provision of information services to…

Service Quality in Higher Education Using an Enhanced SERVQUAL Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tan, Kay C.; Kek, Sei W.

2004-01-01

Customer service and quality are driving forces in the business community. As higher educational institutions tussle for competitive advantage and high service quality, the evaluation of educational service quality is essential to provide motivation for and to give feedback on the effectiveness of educational plans and implementation. This…

Workflow management in large distributed systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Legrand, I.; Newman, H.; Voicu, R.; Dobre, C.; Grigoras, C.

2011-12-01

The MonALISA (Monitoring Agents using a Large Integrated Services Architecture) framework provides a distributed service system capable of controlling and optimizing large-scale, data-intensive applications. An essential part of managing large-scale, distributed data-processing facilities is a monitoring system for computing facilities, storage, networks, and the very large number of applications running on these systems in near realtime. All this monitoring information gathered for all the subsystems is essential for developing the required higher-level services—the components that provide decision support and some degree of automated decisions—and for maintaining and optimizing workflow in large-scale distributed systems. These management and global optimization functions are performed by higher-level agent-based services. We present several applications of MonALISA's higher-level services including optimized dynamic routing, control, data-transfer scheduling, distributed job scheduling, dynamic allocation of storage resource to running jobs and automated management of remote services among a large set of grid facilities.

A study on strategic provisioning of cloud computing services.

PubMed

Whaiduzzaman, Md; Haque, Mohammad Nazmul; Rejaul Karim Chowdhury, Md; Gani, Abdullah

2014-01-01

Cloud computing is currently emerging as an ever-changing, growing paradigm that models "everything-as-a-service." Virtualised physical resources, infrastructure, and applications are supplied by service provisioning in the cloud. The evolution in the adoption of cloud computing is driven by clear and distinct promising features for both cloud users and cloud providers. However, the increasing number of cloud providers and the variety of service offerings have made it difficult for the customers to choose the best services. By employing successful service provisioning, the essential services required by customers, such as agility and availability, pricing, security and trust, and user metrics can be guaranteed by service provisioning. Hence, continuous service provisioning that satisfies the user requirements is a mandatory feature for the cloud user and vitally important in cloud computing service offerings. Therefore, we aim to review the state-of-the-art service provisioning objectives, essential services, topologies, user requirements, necessary metrics, and pricing mechanisms. We synthesize and summarize different provision techniques, approaches, and models through a comprehensive literature review. A thematic taxonomy of cloud service provisioning is presented after the systematic review. Finally, future research directions and open research issues are identified.

A Study on Strategic Provisioning of Cloud Computing Services

PubMed Central

Rejaul Karim Chowdhury, Md

2014-01-01

Cloud computing is currently emerging as an ever-changing, growing paradigm that models “everything-as-a-service.” Virtualised physical resources, infrastructure, and applications are supplied by service provisioning in the cloud. The evolution in the adoption of cloud computing is driven by clear and distinct promising features for both cloud users and cloud providers. However, the increasing number of cloud providers and the variety of service offerings have made it difficult for the customers to choose the best services. By employing successful service provisioning, the essential services required by customers, such as agility and availability, pricing, security and trust, and user metrics can be guaranteed by service provisioning. Hence, continuous service provisioning that satisfies the user requirements is a mandatory feature for the cloud user and vitally important in cloud computing service offerings. Therefore, we aim to review the state-of-the-art service provisioning objectives, essential services, topologies, user requirements, necessary metrics, and pricing mechanisms. We synthesize and summarize different provision techniques, approaches, and models through a comprehensive literature review. A thematic taxonomy of cloud service provisioning is presented after the systematic review. Finally, future research directions and open research issues are identified. PMID:25032243

Modeling ecosystem service tradeoffs for alternative land use and climate scenarios

EPA Science Inventory

Scientists, policymakers, community planners and others have discussed ecosystem services for decades, however, society is still in the early stages of developing methodologies to quantify and value the goods and services that ecosystems provide. Essential to this goal are highly...

5 CFR 890.1046 - Effect of debarment or suspension on payments for services furnished in emergency situations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... BENEFITS PROGRAM Administrative Sanctions Imposed Against Health Care Providers Exceptions to the Effect of... situations. A debarred or suspended health care provider may receive FEHBP funds paid for items or services... provider's treatment was essential to the health and safety of the covered individual; and (b) No other...

5 CFR 890.1046 - Effect of debarment or suspension on payments for services furnished in emergency situations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... BENEFITS PROGRAM Administrative Sanctions Imposed Against Health Care Providers Exceptions to the Effect of... situations. A debarred or suspended health care provider may receive FEHBP funds paid for items or services... provider's treatment was essential to the health and safety of the covered individual; and (b) No other...

Creating an inclusive leisure space: strategies used to engage children with and without disabilities in the arts-mediated program Spiral Garden.

PubMed

Smart, Eric; Edwards, Brydne; Kingsnorth, Shauna; Sheffe, Sarah; Curran, C J; Pinto, Madhu; Crossman, Shannon; King, Gillian

2018-01-01

This article describes how service providers use a set of practical strategies to create an inclusive leisure space in Spiral Garden, an arts-mediated outdoor summer day program for children with and without disabilities. This study was guided by an interpretive qualitative approach. Fourteen Spiral Garden service providers participated in semi-structured interviews. Nine had extensive experience with the program and had been present during key phases of program development spanning over a 26-year period and five were service providers during the summer of 2013. Transcript data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The analysis produced eight strategies organized under three larger categories that service providers perceived to be essential in creating an inclusive leisure space: (1) engaging children in collective experiences; (2) encouraging peer interactions and friendships; and (3) facilitating collaborative child-directed experiences. Service providers working across different inclusive settings can use findings from this study to contribute to program design and implementation. Presented strategies enable children to experience opportunities for spontaneous free play, individualized structured support, and meaningful social participation. Overall, service providers are encouraged to enhance supportive child and service provider relationships and reciprocal child and environment relationships in group-based programs. Implications for Rehabilitation Exploring and facilitating reciprocal relationships between children and their environment is essential to creating inclusive leisure spaces. Transforming program intentions of meaningful social participation into practice requires learning about and affecting change in children's individual social contexts. Service providers can engage themselves as full participants in inclusive leisure spaces through playful negotiations, internal reflections, and artistic expressions.

Comparative Analysis of the Public Health Role of Two Types of Death Investigation Systems in Texas: Application of Essential Services.

PubMed

Drake, Stacy A; Cron, Stanley G; Giardino, Angelo; Trevino, Vanessa; Nolte, Kurt B

2015-07-01

The purpose of this research was to assess the practices of death investigation agencies in Texas and to investigate the differences between justices of the peace (JPs) and medical examiner perceptions of their role and responsibilities. A survey was conducted in which justices of the peace and medical examiners (MEs) were questioned on their agency's policies and practices in regard to essential services provided using a recently published 50-item instrument subdivided into 10 essential services areas. The study used a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design in which nonparametric analysis was used to ascertain differences between groups. The sample size for analysis was composed of 10 (83%) ME offices and 112 (15.5%) JPs. This statewide study found significant differences between MEs and JPs. These differences reflect the variation in educational background, understanding and implementation of essential services, and the appreciation of the needs of a system to be both collaborative and independent. © 2015 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Do enhanced sexual health services meet the needs of men who have sex with men?

PubMed

Dabrera, G; Johnson, S A; Bailey, A C; Cassell, J A

2013-03-01

Enhanced Sexual Health Services (ESHS) have the potential to widen access to sexual health services for populations in England. This study aimed to identify what provision was commissioned in ESHS for men who have sex with men (MSM). We undertook a web-based survey of Primary Care Trust (PCT) commissioners in the south-east of England, exploring what sexual health services were commissioned for MSM and comparing them with published standards. Fourteen of 17 PCTs (82%) responded. All PCTs identified at least one genitourinary (GU) medicine clinic and 13 identified at least one ESHS commissioned for their population. However no single ESHS provided the full range of essential services for MSM. Testing for Chlamydia (84.6% PCTs) and for HIV (69.2% PCTs) were most commonly provided in ESHS, while only 46% and 62% of PCTs had an ESHS commissioned to provide gonorrhoea testing and hepatitis B/syphilis serology testing respectively. Under two-thirds reported training of staff in the sexual health needs of MSM. ESHS are not commissioned to provide the full range of essential sexual health services for MSM. This needs to be addressed by improving staff training in these services and strengthening care pathways between ESHS and GU medicine clinics.

Anthropogenic alterations of genetic diversity within tree populations: Implications for forest ecosystem resilience

Treesearch

Paul G. Schaberg; Donald H. DeHayes; Gary J. Hawley; Samuel E. Nijensohn

2008-01-01

Healthy forests provide many of the essential ecosystem services upon which all life depends. Genetic diversity is an essential component of long-term forest health because it provides a basis for adaptation and resilience to environmental stress and change. In addition to natural processes, numerous anthropogenic factors deplete forest genetic resources. Genetic...

75 FR 21610 - Overview Information: State Vocational Rehabilitation Unit In-Service Training; Notice Inviting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-26

... rehabilitation (VR) unit personnel in program areas essential to the effective management of the unit's program of VR services and in skill areas that will enable personnel to improve their ability to provide VR services leading to employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities. The State VR Unit In- Service...

From theory to practice: what drives the core business of public health?

PubMed

Smith, Tina Anderson; Minyard, Karen J; Parker, Christopher A; Van Valkenburg, Rachel Ferencik; Shoemaker, John A

2007-01-01

In 1994, the Public Health Functions Steering Committee proffered a description of the Essential Public Health Services (Essential Services). Questions remain, however, about the relationship between the roles defined therein and current public health practice at state and local levels. This case study describes the core business of public health in Georgia relative to the theoretical ideal and elucidates the primary drivers of the core business, thus providing data to inform future efforts to strengthen practice in the state. The principal finding was that public health in Georgia is not aligned with the Essential Services. Further analysis revealed that the primary drivers or determinants of public health practice are finance-related rather than based in need or strategy, precluding an integrated and intentional focus on health improvement. This case study provides a systems context for public health financing discussions, suggests leverage points for public health system change, and furthers the examination of applications for systems thinking relative to public health finance, practice, and policy.

14 CFR 271.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS GUIDELINES FOR SUBSIDIZING AIR CARRIERS PROVIDING ESSENTIAL AIR TRANSPORTATION § 271.2 Definitions... compensation under Subchapter II of Chapter 417 of the Statute. Essential air service is that air...

Health service planning contributes to policy dialogue around strengthening district health systems: an example from DR Congo 2008-2013.

PubMed

Rajan, Dheepa; Kalambay, Hyppolite; Mossoko, Mathias; Kwete, Dieudonné; Bulakali, Joseph; Lokonga, Jean-Pierre; Porignon, Denis; Schmets, Gerard

2014-10-31

This case study from DR Congo demonstrates how rational operational planning based on a health systems strengthening strategy (HSSS) can contribute to policy dialogue over several years. It explores the operationalization of a national strategy at district level by elucidating a normative model district resource plan which details the resources and costs of providing an essential health services package at district level. This paper then points to concrete examples of how the results of this exercise were used for Ministry of Health (MoH) decision-making over a time period of 5 years. DR Congo's HSSS and its accompanying essential health services package were taken as a base to construct a normative model health district comprising of 10 Health Centres (HC) and 1 District Hospital (DH). The normative model health district represents a standard set by the Ministry of Health for providing essential primary health care services. The minimum operating budget necessary to run a normative model health district is $17.91 per inhabitant per year, of which $11.86 is for the district hospital and $6.05 for the health centre. The Ministry of Health has employed the results of this exercise in 4 principal ways: 1.Advocacy and negotiation instrument; 2. Instrument to align donors; 3. Field planning; 4. Costing database to extract data from when necessary. The above results have been key in the policy dialogue on affordability of the essential health services package in DR Congo. It has allowed the MoH to provide transparent information on financing needs around the HSSS; it continues to help the MoH negotiate with the Ministry of Finance and bring partner support behind the HSSS.

RESNA Wheelchair Service Provision Guide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arledge, Stan; Armstrong, William; Babinec, Mike; Dicianno, Brad E.; Digiovine, Carmen; Dyson-Hudson, Trevor; Pederson, Jessica; Piriano, Julie; Plummer, Teresa; Rosen, Lauren; Schmeler, Mark; Shea, Mary; Stogner, Jody

2011-01-01

The purpose of the Wheelchair Service Provision Guide is to provide an appropriate framework for identifying the essential steps in the provision of a wheelchair. It is designed for use by all participants in the provision process including consumers, family members, caregivers, social service and health care professionals, suppliers,…

Availability of essential health services in post-conflict Liberia.

PubMed

Kruk, Margaret E; Rockers, Peter C; Williams, Elizabeth H; Varpilah, S Tornorlah; Macauley, Rose; Saydee, Geetor; Galea, Sandro

2010-07-01

To assess the availability of essential health services in northern Liberia in 2008, five years after the end of the civil war. We carried out a population-based household survey in rural Nimba county and a health facility survey in clinics and hospitals nearest to study villages. We evaluated access to facilities that provide index essential services: artemisinin combination therapy for malaria, integrated management of childhood illness, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and testing, basic emergency obstetric care and treatment of mental illness. Data were obtained from 1405 individuals (98% response rate) selected with a three-stage population-representative sampling method, and from 43 of Nimba county's 49 health facilities selected because of proximity to the study villages. Respondents travelled an average of 136 minutes to reach a health facility. All respondents could access malaria treatment at the nearest facility and 55.9% could access HIV testing. Only 26.8%, 14.5%, and 12.1% could access emergency obstetric care, integrated management of child illness and mental health services, respectively. Although there has been progress in providing basic services, rural Liberians still have limited access to life-saving health care. The reasons for the disparities in the services available to the population are technical and political. More frequently available services (HIV testing, malaria treatment) were less complex to implement and represented diseases favoured by bilateral and multilateral health sector donors. Systematic investments in the health system are required to ensure that health services respond to current and future health priorities.

Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: The Role of Medical Nutrition Therapy and Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in the Prevention and Treatment of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.

PubMed

Briggs Early, Kathaleen; Stanley, Kathleen

2018-02-01

It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that for adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, medical nutrition therapy (MNT) provided by registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) is effective in improving medical outcomes and quality of life, and is cost-effective. MNT provided by RDNs is also successful and essential to preventing progression of prediabetes and obesity to type 2 diabetes. It is essential that MNT provided by RDNs be integrated into health care systems and public health programs and be adequately reimbursed. The Academy's evidence-based nutrition practice guidelines for the prevention of diabetes and the management of diabetes document strong evidence supporting the clinical effectiveness of MNT provided by RDNs. Cost-effectiveness has also been documented. The nutrition practice guidelines recommend that as part of evidence-based health care, providers caring for individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes should be referred to an RDN for individualized MNT upon diagnosis and at regular intervals throughout the lifespan as part of their treatment regimen. Standards of care for three levels of diabetes practice have been published by the Diabetes Care and Education Practice Group. RDNs are also qualified to provide additional services beyond MNT in diabetes care and management. Unfortunately, barriers to accessing RDN services exist. Reimbursement for services is essential. Major medical and health organizations have provided support for the essential role of MNT and RDNs for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2018 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

14 CFR 271.8 - Rate period.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS GUIDELINES FOR SUBSIDIZING AIR CARRIERS PROVIDING ESSENTIAL AIR TRANSPORTATION § 271.8 Rate period... place essential air service level; or (5) The uncertainties of the market or other circumstances warrant...

Hotel & Food Service Industries. Workforce & Workplace Literacy Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BCL Brief, 1992

1992-01-01

This brief gives an overview of the topic of workplace literacy for the hotel and food service industries and lists program contacts. The following organizations operate employee basic skills programs for hotel and food service employees, provide technical assistance, or operate grant programs: Essential Skills Resource Center; Language Training…

Family-Centered Services for Children with ASD and Limited Speech: The Experiences of Parents and Speech-Language Pathologists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandak, Kelsey; Light, Janice

2018-01-01

Although family-centered services have long been discussed as essential in providing successful services to families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ideal implementation is often lacking. This study aimed to increase understanding of how families with children with ASD and limited speech receive services from speech-language…

24 CFR 964.308 - Supportive services requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... URBAN DEVELOPMENT TENANT PARTICIPATION AND TENANT OPPORTUNITIES IN PUBLIC HOUSING Family Investment... expanded services essential to providing families in public housing with better access to educational and..., and assistance in the attainment of certificates of high school equivalency); (e) Business...

13 CFR 119.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... lacks adequate access to capital or other resources essential for business success, or is economically... enterprise system has been impaired due to diminished capital and credit opportunities as compared to others... social service organizations, that provides services to disadvantaged microentrepreneurs. Qualified...

Field Manual for Mental Health and Human Service Workers in Major Disasters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeWolfe, Deborah J.

This field manual is intended for mental health workers and other human service providers who assist survivors following a disaster. It provides the basics of disaster mental health, with both specific and practical suggestions for workers. Essential information is included about disaster survivors' reactions and needs such as dealing with grief;…

14 CFR 272.5 - Determination of essential air service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.5 Determination of essential air service. Procedures for the determination of essential air service under this... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination of essential air service. 272...

Effect of E-Service Quality on Customer Online Repurchase Intentions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Tung-Hsuan

2012-01-01

In the early years of online retailing, having an online presence and low prices were believed to be key drivers of success. More recently, electronic service quality has become essential as an online marketing strategy. Online stores provide higher service quality to create online customer loyalty, improve customer satisfaction, and keep a…

International Service Learning: Conceptual Frameworks and Research. IUPUI Series on Service Learning Research 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bringle, Robert G., Ed.; Hatcher, Julie A., Ed.; Jones, Steven G., Ed.

2010-01-01

This book focuses on conducting research on International Service Learning (ISL), which includes developing and evaluating hypotheses about ISL outcomes and measuring its impact on students, faculty, and communities. The book argues that rigorous research is essential to improving the quality of ISL's implementation and delivery, and providing the…

Quantifying ecosystem service tradeoffs in response to alternative land use and climate scenarios: Pacific Northwest applications of the VELMA ecohydrological model

EPA Science Inventory

Scientists, policymakers, community planners and others have discussed ecosystem services for decades, however, society is still in the early stages of developing methodologies to quantify and value the goods and services that ecosystems provide. Essential to this goal are highl...

Review of financial and operating conditions in motorbus industry in the State of New York : parts I to VII

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1953-11-18

Notwithstanding its relative size, the motorbus industry provides an essential service. Good mass transportation makes the centralized big city possible, and good mass transportation is essential to preserve it" say the editors of Time - Life - Fo...

46 CFR 252.21 - Essential service requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Essential service requirement. 252.21 Section 252.21... § 252.21 Essential service requirement. (a) Essential service. A vessel which is not subject to a... separate agreement, shall be deemed to be in an essential service, within the meaning of section 211(b) of...

Availability of essential health services in post-conflict Liberia

PubMed Central

Rockers, Peter C; Williams, Elizabeth H; Varpilah, S Tornorlah; Macauley, Rose; Saydee, Geetor; Galea, Sandro

2010-01-01

Abstract Objective To assess the availability of essential health services in northern Liberia in 2008, five years after the end of the civil war. Methods We carried out a population-based household survey in rural Nimba county and a health facility survey in clinics and hospitals nearest to study villages. We evaluated access to facilities that provide index essential services: artemisinin combination therapy for malaria, integrated management of childhood illness, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and testing, basic emergency obstetric care and treatment of mental illness. Findings Data were obtained from 1405 individuals (98% response rate) selected with a three-stage population-representative sampling method, and from 43 of Nimba county’s 49 health facilities selected because of proximity to the study villages. Respondents travelled an average of 136 minutes to reach a health facility. All respondents could access malaria treatment at the nearest facility and 55.9% could access HIV testing. Only 26.8%, 14.5%, and 12.1% could access emergency obstetric care, integrated management of child illness and mental health services, respectively. Conclusion Although there has been progress in providing basic services, rural Liberians still have limited access to life-saving health care. The reasons for the disparities in the services available to the population are technical and political. More frequently available services (HIV testing, malaria treatment) were less complex to implement and represented diseases favoured by bilateral and multilateral health sector donors. Systematic investments in the health system are required to ensure that health services respond to current and future health priorities. PMID:20616972

Infrastructural challenges to better health in maternity facilities in rural Kenya: community and healthworker perceptions.

PubMed

Essendi, Hildah; Johnson, Fiifi Amoako; Madise, Nyovani; Matthews, Zoe; Falkingham, Jane; Bahaj, Abubakr S; James, Patrick; Blunden, Luke

2015-11-09

The efforts and commitments to accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goals for maternal and newborn health (MDGs 4 and 5) in low and middle income countries have focused primarily on providing key medical interventions at maternity facilities to save the lives of women at the time of childbirth, as well as their babies. However, in most rural communities in sub-Saharan, access to maternal and newborn care services is still limited and even where services are available they often lack the infrastructural prerequisites to function at the very basic level in providing essential routine health care services, let alone emergency care. Lists of essential interventions for normal and complicated childbirth, do not take into account these prerequisites, thus the needs of most health facilities in rural communities are ignored, although there is enough evidence that maternal and newborn deaths continue to remain unacceptably high in these areas. This study uses data gathered through qualitative interviews in Kitonyoni and Mwania sub-locations of Makueni County in Eastern Kenya to understand community and provider perceptions of the obstacles faced in providing and accessing maternal and newborn care at health facilities in their localities. The study finds that the community perceives various challenges, most of which are infrastructural, including lack of electricity, water and poor roads that adversely impact the provision and access to essential life-saving maternal and newborn care services in the two sub-locations. The findings and recommendations from this study are important for the attention of policy makers and programme managers in order to improve the state of lower-tier health facilities serving rural communities and to strengthen infrastructure with the aim of making basic routine and emergency obstetric and newborn care services more accessible.

APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA TO STELLA, MISSOURI-ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING-PRELIMINARY SITE INFORMATION AND ELEMENTS OF THE MASTER PLAN

EPA Science Inventory

Natural systems provide essential goods and services that make human life possible. Because development of the built environment will cumulatively consume natural capital, it is essential that the conditions that maintain natural systems must become the constraints and performanc...

Essential Tension: Specialization with Broad and General Training in Psychology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Michael C.

2006-01-01

The practice fields of psychology develop through specialization in training and education. The recognized specialties play a major role in developing new opportunities for professional psychology and providing quality services for the public. The essential tension comes from the balance of innovation and tradition and, in professional psychology,…

School Nursing in New Mexico: Partners in Education. Annual School Health Services Summary Report 2012-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New Mexico Public Education Department, 2013

2013-01-01

The school nurse serves in an essential role to provide expertise and oversight for the provision of school health services and promotion of health Education. Using clinical knowledge and judgement, the school nurse plans and provides health care to students, performs health screenings and coordinates referrals to the medical home or private…

14 CFR 211.33 - Interstate and interstate authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the economic viability of existing services providing essential air transportation to any eligible... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS APPLICATIONS FOR PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS Freely Associated State Air... establishing: (1) The impact of such interstate air transportation services on the economic projections of the...

Guidelines for bus transit stops in highway construction work zones.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

Fixed route transit systems provide a valuable transportation service for many of our citizens. As users depend on : bus transit to access to the essentials of life, maintaining transit service is a critical issue. Given the extent of : nationwide bu...

14 CFR 211.33 - Interstate and interstate authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... the economic viability of existing services providing essential air transportation to any eligible... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS APPLICATIONS FOR PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS Freely Associated State Air... establishing: (1) The impact of such interstate air transportation services on the economic projections of the...

14 CFR 211.33 - Interstate and interstate authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... the economic viability of existing services providing essential air transportation to any eligible... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS APPLICATIONS FOR PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS Freely Associated State Air... establishing: (1) The impact of such interstate air transportation services on the economic projections of the...

14 CFR 211.33 - Interstate and interstate authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... the economic viability of existing services providing essential air transportation to any eligible... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS APPLICATIONS FOR PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS Freely Associated State Air... establishing: (1) The impact of such interstate air transportation services on the economic projections of the...

14 CFR 211.33 - Interstate and interstate authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... the economic viability of existing services providing essential air transportation to any eligible... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS APPLICATIONS FOR PERMITS TO FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS Freely Associated State Air... establishing: (1) The impact of such interstate air transportation services on the economic projections of the...

42 CFR 440.345 - EPSDT services requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... coverage for family planning services and supplies. (c) Mental health parity. Alternative Benefit Plans that provide both medical and surgical benefits, and mental health or substance use disorder benefits, must comply with the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act. (d) Essential health benefits...

Using 10-essential-services training to revive, refocus, and strengthen your environmental health programs.

PubMed

Osaki, Carl S; Hinchey, Deborah; Harris, Joy

2007-01-01

The 10 essential services of environmental health, which are based on the 10 essential public health services, can guide environmental health practitioners in systematically organizing and managing environmental public health programs and activities. The National Center for Environmental Health of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has used the 10 essential services of environmental health as a basis for its six goals for the revitalization of environmental health in the 21st century. Nevertheless, studies indicate that very few environmental health practitioners are aware of the 10 essential services. This article discusses how essential-services training has increased the awareness and knowledge of environmental health practitioners about the development, value, and use of the essential services. Examples of training outcomes are offered to illustrate how the use of the essential-services framework has improved environmental health performance and practice.

Food Production, Management, and Services: Curriculum Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mumme, Debbie; Koukel, Sonja

This curriculum guide provides occupationally specific training designed to develop knowledge and skills for employment in the area of food production, management, and services. Contents include the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEAKS); sample course outlines; instructional strategies organized topically by chapters, each containing a…

National Ecosystem Services Classification System (NESCS): Framework Design and Policy Application

EPA Science Inventory

Understanding the ways in which ecosystems provide flows of “services” to humans is critical for decision making in many contexts; however, relationships between natural and human systems are complex. A well-defined framework for classifying ecosystem services is essential for sy...

42 CFR 489.26 - Special requirements concerning veterans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Special requirements concerning veterans. 489.26 Section 489.26 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION PROVIDER AGREEMENTS AND SUPPLIER APPROVAL Essentials of...

Services for Older Adults: Curriculum Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mumme, Debbie

This curriculum guide contains materials for a course that provides occupationally specific training designed to develop knowledge and skills for employment in the area of services for older adults. Contents include an introduction, the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) covered; sample course outlines; instructional strategies organized…

Exemplary Intergenerational Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ventura-Merkel, Catherine; And Others

1989-01-01

Cooperation among service providers of the young and old is essential in times of decreasing resources and increasing needs. This article reviews characteristics of successful and exemplary intergenerational programs, which can be found in almost all areas of human services, and presents program models responding to diverse populations and…

Cultural and linguistic barriers to mental health service access: the deaf consumer's perspective.

PubMed

Steinberg, A G; Sullivan, V J; Loew, R C

1998-07-01

The authors investigated knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about mental illness and providers held by a group of deaf adults. The American Sign Language interviews of 54 deaf adults were analyzed. Recurrent themes included mistrust of providers, communication difficulty as a primary cause of mental health problems, profound concern with communication in therapy, and widespread ignorance about how to obtain services. Deaf consumers' views need due consideration in service delivery planning. Outreach regarding existing programs is essential.

International efforts in plastic surgery: the Hartford Hospital, Connecticut Children's Medical Center and University of Connecticut experience in Ecuador.

PubMed

Hughes, Christopher; Wong, Anselm; McCormack, Susan; Castiglione, Charles; Pap, Stephen A; Silverman, Richard; Babigian, Alan

2012-01-01

Plastic and reconstructive surgery provide a necessary and essential service to public health efforts in resource-poor regions around the world. Disease processes amenable to plastic surgical treatment significantly contribute to worldwide disability, and it is the poor and underserved who are disproportionately affected. We conducted a week-long plastic and reconstructive surgical trip to Latacunga, Ecuador to provide reconstructive surgical services for the underserved in this region. Over the course of a week, 97 patients received surgery. Most patients were young (mean age = 21.8 years) and 50.5% were female. Burns and burn scar contractures were the most common diagnoses requiring surgery(21.6%), but cleft lip and palate deformities, scars, nevi, and congenital ear deformities comprised a significant proportion of the case load as well (17.5%, 11.3%, 12.4%, and 10.3%, respectively). There was one postoperative complication requiring reoperation. This short-term surgical trip successfully delivered essential reconstructive surgical care to an underserved population in rural Ecuador. Although this is most certainly only a fraction of the true surgical disease burden within this population, our experience provides a testament to the need for essential reconstructive surgical services in developing nations around the world.

Demonstration of Essential Reliability Services by a 300-MW Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Loutan, Clyde; Klauer, Peter; Chowdhury, Sirajul

The California Independent System Operator (CAISO), First Solar, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a demonstration project on a large utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) power plant in California to test its ability to provide essential ancillary services to the electric grid. With increasing shares of solar- and wind-generated energy on the electric grid, traditional generation resources equipped with automatic governor control (AGC) and automatic voltage regulation controls -- specifically, fossil thermal -- are being displaced. The deployment of utility-scale, grid-friendly PV power plants that incorporate advanced capabilities to support grid stability and reliability is essential for the large-scale integrationmore » of PV generation into the electric power grid, among other technical requirements. A typical PV power plant consists of multiple power electronic inverters and can contribute to grid stability and reliability through sophisticated 'grid-friendly' controls. In this way, PV power plants can be used to mitigate the impact of variability on the grid, a role typically reserved for conventional generators. In August 2016, testing was completed on First Solar's 300-MW PV power plant, and a large amount of test data was produced and analyzed that demonstrates the ability of PV power plants to use grid-friendly controls to provide essential reliability services. These data showed how the development of advanced power controls can enable PV to become a provider of a wide range of grid services, including spinning reserves, load following, voltage support, ramping, frequency response, variability smoothing, and frequency regulation to power quality. Specifically, the tests conducted included various forms of active power control such as AGC and frequency regulation; droop response; and reactive power, voltage, and power factor controls. This project demonstrated that advanced power electronics and solar generation can be controlled to contribute to system-wide reliability. It was shown that the First Solar plant can provide essential reliability services related to different forms of active and reactive power controls, including plant participation in AGC, primary frequency control, ramp rate control, and voltage regulation. For AGC participation in particular, by comparing the PV plant testing results to the typical performance of individual conventional technologies, we showed that regulation accuracy by the PV plant is 24-30 points better than fast gas turbine technologies. The plant's ability to provide volt-ampere reactive control during periods of extremely low power generation was demonstrated as well. The project team developed a pioneering demonstration concept and test plan to show how various types of active and reactive power controls can leverage PV generation's value from being a simple variable energy resource to a resource that provides a wide range of ancillary services. With this project's approach to a holistic demonstration on an actual, large, utility-scale, operational PV power plant and dissemination of the obtained results, the team sought to close some gaps in perspectives that exist among various stakeholders in California and nationwide by providing real test data.« less

Quality of nutrition services in primary health care facilities: Implications for integrating nutrition into the health system in Bangladesh

PubMed Central

Saha, Kuntal Kumar; Chowdhury, Ashfaqul Haq; Garnett, Sarah P.; Arifeen, Shams El; Menon, Purnima

2017-01-01

Background In 2011, the Bangladesh Government introduced the National Nutrition Services (NNS) by leveraging the existing health infrastructure to deliver nutrition services to pregnant woman and children. This study examined the quality of nutrition services provided during antenatal care (ANC) and management of sick children younger than five years. Methods Service delivery quality was assessed across three dimensions; structural readiness, process and outcome. Structural readiness was assessed by observing the presence of equipment, guidelines and register/reporting forms in ANC rooms and consulting areas for sick children at 37 primary healthcare facilities in 12 sub-districts. In addition, the training and knowledge relevant to nutrition service delivery of 95 healthcare providers was determined. The process of nutrition service delivery was assessed by observing 381 ANC visits and 826 sick children consultations. Satisfaction with the service was the outcome and was determined by interviewing 541 mothers/caregivers of sick children. Results Structural readiness to provide nutrition services was higher for ANC compared to management of sick children; 73% of ANC rooms had >5 of the 13 essential items while only 13% of the designated areas for management of sick children had >5 of the 13 essential items. One in five (19%) healthcare providers had received nutrition training through the NNS. Delivery of the nutrition services was poor: <30% of women received all four key antenatal nutrition services, 25% of sick children had their weight checked against a growth-chart and <1% had their height measured. Nevertheless, most mothers/caregivers rated their satisfaction of the service above average. Conclusions Strengthening the provision of equipment and increasing the coverage of training are imperative to improve nutrition services. Inherent barriers to implementing nutrition services in primary health care, especially high caseloads during the management of sick under-five children, should be considered to identify alternative and appropriate service delivery platforms before nationwide scale up. PMID:28542530

Children's Needs -- for Universal Food Service and Nutrition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Briggs, George M.

Good nutrition and adequate nutritious food are not only essential to good health but also represent the difference between life and death. Nutrition is the world's number one problem today, along with war and population control. Good nutrition means providing, with care and love, all 45 essential nutrients in adequate amounts to each child -- one…

Cross-sectional observational assessment of quality of newborn care immediately after birth in health facilities across six sub-Saharan African countries.

PubMed

de Graft-Johnson, Joseph; Vesel, Linda; Rosen, Heather E; Rawlins, Barbara; Abwao, Stella; Mazia, Goldy; Bozsa, Robert; Mwebesa, Winifrede; Khadka, Neena; Kamunya, Rosemary; Getachew, Ashebir; Tibaijuka, Gaudiosa; Rakotovao, Jean Pierre; Tekleberhan, Alemnesh

2017-03-27

To present information on the quality of newborn care services and health facility readiness to provide newborn care in 6 African countries, and to advocate for the improvement of providers' essential newborn care knowledge and skills. Cross-sectional observational health facility assessment. Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Rwanda and Tanzania. Health workers in 643 facilities. 1016 health workers were interviewed, and 2377 babies were observed in the facilities surveyed. Indicators of quality of newborn care included (1) provision of immediate essential newborn care: thermal care, hygienic cord care, and early and exclusive initiation of breast feeding; (2) actual and simulated resuscitation of asphyxiated newborn infants; and (3) knowledge of health workers on essential newborn care, including resuscitation. Sterile or clean cord cutting instruments, suction devices, and tables or firm surfaces for resuscitation were commonly available. 80% of newborns were immediately dried after birth and received clean cord care in most of the studied facilities. In all countries assessed, major deficiencies exist for essential newborn care supplies and equipment, as well as for health worker knowledge and performance of key routine newborn care practices, particularly for immediate skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding initiation. Of newborns who did not cry at birth, 89% either recovered on their own or through active steps taken by the provider through resuscitation with initial stimulation and/or ventilation. 11% of newborns died. Assessment of simulated resuscitation using a NeoNatalie anatomic model showed that less than a third of providers were able to demonstrate ventilation skills correctly. The findings shared in this paper call attention to the critical need to improve health facility readiness to provide quality newborn care services and to ensure that service providers have the necessary equipment, supplies, knowledge and skills that are critical to save newborn lives. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

42 CFR 489.27 - Beneficiary notice of discharge rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Beneficiary notice of discharge rights. 489.27 Section 489.27 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION PROVIDER AGREEMENTS AND SUPPLIER APPROVAL Essentials of...

42 CFR 489.27 - Beneficiary notice of discharge rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Beneficiary notice of discharge rights. 489.27 Section 489.27 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION PROVIDER AGREEMENTS AND SUPPLIER APPROVAL Essentials of...

47 CFR 54.502 - Eligible services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... telecommunications can be provided in whole or in part via fiber by any entity. (3) Internet access. For purposes of...'s internal connections if such service is necessary to transport information within one or more... library system has separate administrative buildings, unless those internal connections are essential for...

34 CFR 388.1 - What is the State Vocational Rehabilitation Unit In-Service Training program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... vocational rehabilitation unit personnel in program areas essential to the effective management of the unit's... rehabilitation professionals; (b) To provide for succession planning; (c) To provide for leadership development...

An estimation of the cost per visit of nursing home care services.

PubMed

Ryu, Ho-Sihn

2009-01-01

Procedures used for analyzing the cost of providing home care nursing services through hospital-based home care agencies (HCAs) was the focus of this study. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used to analyze the workload and caseload of 36 home care nurses from ten HCAs. In addition, information obtained from a national health insurance database, including 54,639 home care claim cases from a total of 185 HCAs during a 6-month period, were analyzed. The findings provide a foundation for improving the alternative home care billing and reimbursement system by using the actual amount of time invested in providing home care when calculating the cost of providing home care nursing services. Further, this study provides a procedure for calculating nursing service costs by analyzing actual data. The results have great potential for use in nursing service cost analysis methodology, which is an essential step in developing a policy for providing home care.

Research Dissemination and Diffusion: Translation within Science and Society

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kerner, Jon F.; Hall, Kara L.

2009-01-01

In moving health and social service programs from planning into action, it is essential to understand the extent to which the knowledge gained from research should influence the actions taken by organizations and agencies that provide services (e.g., government, nongovernment organizations [NGOs]). The complexity of the challenges in translating…

Protected Natural Areas of Puerto Rico

Treesearch

William A. Gould; Maya Quinones; Mariano Solorzano; Waldemar Alcobas; Caryl Alarcon

2011-01-01

Protection of natural areas is essential to conserving biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem services. Benefits and services provided by natural areas are complex, interwoven, life-sustaining, and necessary for a healthy environment and a sustainable future (Daily et al. 1997). They include clean water and air, sustainable wildlife populations and habitats, stable...

Food Production, Management, and Services Curriculum Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock. Home Economics Curriculum Center.

This food production, management, and services curriculum guide provides information needed by teachers. It begins with a list of the competencies and subcompetencies that are the essential elements and the sub-elements prescribed in the Texas Administrative Codes for Vocational Home Economics. Each chapter consists of teaching strategies. They…

Exploring Mental Health Literacy among Pre-Service Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitley, Jessica; Gooderham, Suzanne

2016-01-01

Worldwide, prevalence rates of students experiencing mental health difficulties are growing, with only one in five receiving treatment. The role of teachers in collaborative efforts both to identify and to provide effective services for these students is an essential one. However, scant research has explored the mental health literacy of…

Hospitality Services. Curriculum Guide [and] Student Activity Book [and] Reference Book.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock. Curriculum Center for Family and Consumer Sciences.

These three publications comprise a course that provides occupationally specific training designed to develop knowledge and skills for employment in the multifaceted hospitality services industry. The curriculum guide is the teacher component of the series. Contents include the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS); sample course outlines;…

Reproductive Health Education and Services Needs of Internally Displaced Persons and Refugees following Disaster

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westhoff, Wayne W.; Lopez, Guillermo E.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Wilke Corvin, Jaime A.; Allen, Peter; McDermott, Robert J.

2008-01-01

Background: Following the occurrence of natural or man-made disaster, relief worker priorities include providing water, food, shelter, and immunizations for displaced persons. Like these essential initiatives, reproductive health education and services must also be incorporated into recovery efforts. Purpose: This study examined reproductive…

Issues in Rural Palliative Care: Views from the Countryside

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Carole A.; Pesut, Barbara; Bottorff, Joan L.

2010-01-01

Context: Growing concern exists among health professionals over the dilemma of providing necessary health care for Canada's aging population. Hospice palliative services are an essential need in both urban and rural settings. Rural communities, in particular, are vulnerable to receiving inadequate services due to their geographic isolation.…

Moderate Sedation Changes for Bronchoscopy in 2017.

PubMed

Nelson, Michael E

2017-10-01

The reimbursement for procedures using moderate (conscious) sedation has changed significantly as of January 1, 2017. Due to the increasing use of anesthesia services to provide moderate sedation during endoscopy, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services made the decision to remove work relative value units from many of the services requiring moderate sedation, including the bronchoscopy codes. If a bronchoscopist provides moderate sedation to a patient without using anesthesia services or another qualified provider, that work (and revenue) can be reclaimed by using the relevant codes. An understanding of the recent changes in coding and billing is essential for appropriate reimbursement. Copyright © 2017 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Habitat management utilizing native wildflowers to foster pollinator abundance

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Pollinators provide essential ecosystem services to agricultural crops, however their population has come under threat globally as a result of intensive agricultural practices and landscape simplification. Designing diverse heterogeneous agricultural landscapes to provide optimal resources serves as...

14 CFR 272.6 - Considerations in the determination of essential air service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... essential air service. 272.6 Section 272.6 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.6 Considerations in the determination of essential air service. (a) In the determination of...

Cross-sectional observational assessment of quality of newborn care immediately after birth in health facilities across six sub-Saharan African countries

PubMed Central

de Graft-Johnson, Joseph; Vesel, Linda; Rosen, Heather E; Rawlins, Barbara; Abwao, Stella; Mazia, Goldy; Bozsa, Robert; Mwebesa, Winifrede; Khadka, Neena; Kamunya, Rosemary; Getachew, Ashebir; Tibaijuka, Gaudiosa; Rakotovao, Jean Pierre; Tekleberhan, Alemnesh

2017-01-01

Objective To present information on the quality of newborn care services and health facility readiness to provide newborn care in 6 African countries, and to advocate for the improvement of providers' essential newborn care knowledge and skills. Design Cross-sectional observational health facility assessment. Setting Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Rwanda and Tanzania. Participants Health workers in 643 facilities. 1016 health workers were interviewed, and 2377 babies were observed in the facilities surveyed. Main outcome measures Indicators of quality of newborn care included (1) provision of immediate essential newborn care: thermal care, hygienic cord care, and early and exclusive initiation of breast feeding; (2) actual and simulated resuscitation of asphyxiated newborn infants; and (3) knowledge of health workers on essential newborn care, including resuscitation. Results Sterile or clean cord cutting instruments, suction devices, and tables or firm surfaces for resuscitation were commonly available. 80% of newborns were immediately dried after birth and received clean cord care in most of the studied facilities. In all countries assessed, major deficiencies exist for essential newborn care supplies and equipment, as well as for health worker knowledge and performance of key routine newborn care practices, particularly for immediate skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding initiation. Of newborns who did not cry at birth, 89% either recovered on their own or through active steps taken by the provider through resuscitation with initial stimulation and/or ventilation. 11% of newborns died. Assessment of simulated resuscitation using a NeoNatalie anatomic model showed that less than a third of providers were able to demonstrate ventilation skills correctly. Conclusions The findings shared in this paper call attention to the critical need to improve health facility readiness to provide quality newborn care services and to ensure that service providers have the necessary equipment, supplies, knowledge and skills that are critical to save newborn lives. PMID:28348194

20 CFR 416.1161 - Income of an ineligible spouse, ineligible parent, and essential person for deeming purposes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... parent, and essential person for deeming purposes. 416.1161 Section 416.1161 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL... laws other than the Social Security Act (See the appendix to this subpart.) (2) Any public income... title XX of the Social Security Act) to provide you with chore, attendant or homemaker services; (17...

Implementing the Affordable Care Act: Revisiting the ACA's Essential Health Benefits Requirements.

PubMed

Giovannelli, Justin; Lucia, Kevin W; Corlette, Sabrina

2014-10-01

The Affordable Care Act broadens and strengthens the health insurance benefits available to consumers by requiring insurers to provide coverage of a minimum set of medical services known as "essential health benefits." Federal officials implemented this reform using transitional policies that left many important decisions to the states, while pledging to reassess that approach in time for the 2016 coverage year. This issue brief examines how states have exercised their options under the initial federal essential health benefits framework. We find significant variation in how states have developed their essential health benefits packages, including their approaches to benefit substitution and coverage of habilitative services. Federal regulators should use insurance company data describing enrollees' experiences with their coverage--information called for under the law's delayed transparency requirements--to determine whether states' differing strategies are producing the coverage improvements promised by reform.

Ecosystem services of woody crop production systems

Treesearch

Ronald S. Zalesny Jr.; John A. Stanturf; Emile S. Gardiner; James H. Perdue; Timothy M. Young; David R. Coyle; William L. Headlee; Gary S. Ba??uelos; Amir Hass

2016-01-01

Short-rotation woody crops are an integral component of regional and national energy portfolios, as well as providing essential ecosystem services such as biomass supplies, carbon sinks, clean water, and healthy soils. We review recent USDA Forest Service Research and Development efforts from the USDA Biomass Research Centers on the provisioning of these ecosystem...

Funding for teratology information services: up, down, and all around.

PubMed

Quinn, Dee

2012-08-01

Funding for Teratology Information Services has been an ongoing struggle over the 25 years of its existence. Traditional and novel funding mechanisms have been explored with varying success. The importance of providing teratology risk assessment and counseling to all women of reproductive age is now an established health care objective. Sufficient and stable funding for these services is essential. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Phoenix: SOA based information management services

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grant, Rob; Combs, Vaughn; Hanna, Jim; Lipa, Brian; Reilly, Jim

2009-05-01

The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) has developed a reference set of Information Management (IM) Services that will provide an essential piece of the envisioned final Net-Centric IM solution for the Department of Defense (DoD). These IM Services will provide mission critical functionality to enable seamless interoperability between existing and future DoD systems and services while maintaining a highly available IM capability across the wide spectrum of differing scalability and performance requirements. AFRL designed this set of IM Services for integration with other DoD and commercial SOA environments. The services developed will provide capabilities for information submission, information brokering and discovery, repository, query, type management, dissemination, session management, authorization, service brokering and event notification. In addition, the IM services support common information models that facilitate the management and dissemination of information consistent with client needs and established policy. The services support flexible and extensible definitions of session, service, and channel contexts that enable the application of Quality of Service (QoS) and security policies at many levels within the SOA.

Agriculture: Soils

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Productive soils, a favorable climate, and clean and abundant water resources are essential for growing crops, raising livestock, and for ecosystems to continue to provide the critical provisioning services that humans need.

Interdependence and dynamics of essential services in an extensive risk context: a case study in Montserrat, West Indies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sword-Daniels, V. L.; Rossetto, T.; Wilson, T. M.; Sargeant, S.

2015-05-01

The essential services that support urban living are complex and interdependent, and their disruption in disasters directly affects society. Yet there are few empirical studies to inform our understanding of the vulnerabilities and resilience of complex infrastructure systems in disasters. This research takes a systems thinking approach to explore the dynamic behaviour of a network of essential services, in the presence and absence of volcanic ashfall hazards in Montserrat, West Indies. Adopting a case study methodology and qualitative methods to gather empirical data, we centre the study on the healthcare system and its interconnected network of essential services. We identify different types of relationship between sectors and develop a new interdependence classification system for analysis. Relationships are further categorised by hazard conditions, for use in extensive risk contexts. During heightened volcanic activity, relationships between systems transform in both number and type: connections increase across the network by 41%, and adapt to increase cooperation and information sharing. Interconnections add capacities to the network, increasing the resilience of prioritised sectors. This in-depth and context-specific approach provides a new methodology for studying the dynamics of infrastructure interdependence in an extensive risk context, and can be adapted for use in other hazard contexts.

Interdependence and dynamics of essential services in an extensive risk context: a case study in Montserrat, West Indies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sword-Daniels, V. L.; Rossetto, T.; Wilson, T. M.; Sargeant, S.

2015-02-01

The essential services that support urban living are complex and interdependent, and their disruption in disasters directly affects society. Yet there are few empirical studies to inform our understanding of the vulnerabilities and resilience of complex infrastructure systems in disasters. This research takes a systems thinking approach to explore the dynamic behaviour of a network of essential services, in the presence and absence of volcanic ashfall hazards in Montserrat, West Indies. Adopting a case study methodology and qualitative methods to gather empirical data we centre the study on the healthcare system and its interconnected network of essential services. We identify different types of relationship between sectors and develop a new interdependence classification system for analysis. Relationships are further categorised by hazard condition, for use in extensive risk contexts. During heightened volcanic activity, relationships between systems transform in both number and type: connections increase across the network by 41%, and adapt to increase cooperation and information sharing. Interconnections add capacities to the network, increasing the resilience of prioritised sectors. This in-depth and context-specific approach provides a new methodology for studying the dynamics of infrastructure interdependence in an extensive risk context, and can be adapted for use in other hazard contexts.

76 FR 47637 - Kansas Disaster #KS-00055

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-05

... disaster declaration on 07/29/2011, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of... Counties: Barton, Clay, Cloud, Hamilton, Jewell, Lincoln, Logan, Lyon, Marion, Mitchell, Morton, Osage...

Environmental Response Laboratory Network (ERLN) Data Submission Requirements

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

These Environmental Response Laboratory Network specifications are essential to the mission of providing consistent analytical data of know and documented quality for each Analytical Service Request (ASR).

Promoting Social and Health Advocacy in the Classroom through Service Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wyatt, Tammy Jordan; Peterson, Fred L.

2008-01-01

The ability to advocate for personal, family, and community health represents an essential skill for a health literate individual. By providing opportunities to successfully engage in health advocacy and service learning activities, students may be motivated to become life-long advocates for health and continue to actively advocate and participate…

Innovative Services Offered by School-Based Health Centers in New York City

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sisselman, Amanda; Strolin-Goltzman, Jessica; Auerbach, Charles; Sharon, Lisa

2012-01-01

School-based health centers (SBHCs) continue to provide essential health care services to children and families in underserved neighborhoods across the country. Preliminary studies show that students who use SBHCs have better attendance rates as well as higher rates of academic achievement and attachment to the learning environment. Few studies,…

Ohio Financial Services and Risk Management. Technical Competency Profile (TCP).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ray, Gayl M.; Wilson, Nick; Mangini, Rick

This document describes the essential competencies from secondary through post-secondary associate degree programs for a career in financial services and risk management. Ohio College Tech Prep Program standards are described, and a key to profile codes is provided. Sample occupations in this career area, such as financial accountant, loan…

A conceptual framework of urban forest ecosystem vulnerability

Treesearch

James W.N. Steenberg; Andrew A. Millward; David J. Nowak; Pamela J. Robinson

2017-01-01

The urban environment is becoming the most common setting in which people worldwide will spend their lives. Urban forests, and the ecosystem services they provide, are becoming a priority for municipalities. Quantifying and communicating the vulnerability of this resource are essential for maintaining a consistent and equitable supply of these ecosystem services. We...

Trust - Essential Requirement and Basis for pHealth Services.

PubMed

Ruotsalainen, Pekka; Blobel, Bernd

2017-01-01

Trust is a social code and glue between persons and organizations in any business domain including health. pHealth is a complex concept that is built around health service providers, individuals and artefacts such as sensors, mobile devices, networks, computers, and software applications. It has many stakeholders such as organizations, persons, patients, customers, and tele-operators. pHealth services are increasingly offered in insecure information space, and used over organizational, geographical and jurisdictional borders. This all means that trust is an essential requirement for successful pHealth services. To make pHealth a successful business, organizations offering pHealth services should establish inter-organizational trust and trusted relationship between their customers. Before starting to use services, the pHealth user should have a possibility to define how much it trusts on the service provider and on the surrounding information infrastructure. The authors' analysis show that trust models used in today's health care and e-commerce are insufficient for networked pHealth. Calculated trust as proposed by the authors is stronger than the predefined dispositional trust model currently used in health care, other's recommendations used in e-commerce and risk assessment. Until now, caused by the lack of business incentive, lack of regulatory and political pressure, pHealth providers have not demonstrated meaningful interest in moving from the current unsatisfactory situation to trust calculation by making information necessary for this methodology available. To make pHealth successful, a combination of legal, political, organizational, technological and educational efforts is needed to initiate the paradigm change and start the era of trust-based pHealth services.

Building evaluative culture in community services: Caring for evidence.

PubMed

Mayne, John

2017-05-25

An organization with a strong evaluative culture engages in self-reflection, evidence-based learning and experimentation. It sees evidence as essential for managing well, but building such a culture is challenging. Community service organizations seek to provide effective services for their clients. To build an evaluative culture, they need to acquire basic monitoring and evaluation capabilities, be provided with opportunities for using these capabilities and be adequately motivated to care about evidence as a means to improve services to their clients. Leadership along with a phased in approach are key in bringing about these behaviour changes. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

The effect of for-profit laboratories on the accountability, integration, and cost of Canadian health care services.

PubMed

Sutherland, Ross

2012-01-01

Canadian public health care systems pay for-profit corporations to provide essential medical laboratory services. This practice is a useful window on the effects of using for-profit corporations to provide publicly funded services. Because private corporations are substantially protected by law from the public disclosure of "confidential business information," increased for-profit delivery has led to decreased transparency, thus impeding informed debate on how laboratory services are delivered. Using for-profit laboratories increases the cost of diagnostic testing and hinders the integration of health care services more generally. Two useful steps toward ending the for-profit provision of laboratory services would be to stop fee-for-service funding and to integrate all laboratory work within public administrative structures.

Quantitative comparison of measurements of urgent care service quality.

PubMed

Qin, Hong; Prybutok, Victor; Prybutok, Gayle

2016-01-01

Service quality and patient satisfaction are essential to health care organization success. Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry introduced SERVQUAL, a prominent service quality measure not yet applied to urgent care. We develop an instrument to measure perceived service quality and identify the determinants of patient satisfaction/ behavioral intentions. We examine the relationships among perceived service quality, patient satisfaction and behavioral intentions, and demonstrate that urgent care service quality is not equivalent using measures of perceptions only, differences of expectations minus perceptions, ratio of perceptions to expectations, and the log of the ratio. Perceptions provide the best measure of urgent care service quality.

14 CFR 272.7 - Notice of discontinuance of service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.7 Notice of... of essential air service for such place, the level of service specified in Order 80-9-63; and (2) If the Department has made a determination of essential air service for such place, that level of...

14 CFR 272.7 - Notice of discontinuance of service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.7 Notice of... of essential air service for such place, the level of service specified in Order 80-9-63; and (2) If the Department has made a determination of essential air service for such place, that level of...

75 FR 51293 - [Disaster Declaration greek-i12272 and greek-i12273

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-19

... on 08/10/2010, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental... Counties: Atchison, Brown, Butler, Chase, Clay, Cloud, Comanche, Doniphan, Ellis, Franklin, Greenwood...

24 CFR 242.3 - Encouragement of certain programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... programs that are undertaken to provide essential health care services to all residents of a community... provision of comprehensive health care, including outpatient and preventive care as well as hospitalization...

A comparison of intensive care unit care of surgical patients in teaching and nonteaching hospitals.

PubMed Central

Fakhry, S M; Buehrer, J L; Sheldon, G F; Meyer, A A

1991-01-01

Three hundred forty-eight teaching (TH) and 282 nonteaching (NTH) hospitals were surveyed to determine how intensive care unit (ICU) care is delivered to surgical patients and current views on surgical critical care. Teaching hospitals were more likely than NTHs to have a separate surgical ICU (92% versus 37%), a dedicated ICU service/physician (37% versus 7%), and a surgeon as director of the ICU (67% versus 29%). All THs and 33% of NTHs provided 24 hour in-house coverage for the ICU. A majority of respondents preferred a surgeon as ICU director (TH, 85%; NTH, 67%) and felt that critical care was an essential part of surgery (THs, 87%; NTHs, 74%). Most (THs, 58%; NTHs, 56%) thought that a cooperative effort between the primary service and an ICU service provided better patient care, but only 37% of THs and 22% of NTHs provided care with such a system. Many (THs, 45%; NTHs, 33%) thought that surgeons are willingly relinquishing ICU care. Surgeons continue to desire responsibility for their patients in the ICU and most prefer ICU service involvement provided by surgeons. This discrepancy between what is practiced and what is desired, along with proposed changes in reimbursement for surgery and the recent definition of critical care as an essential part of surgery, may stimulate greater involvement of surgeons in critical care. PMID:2064466

14 CFR 272.3 - Places eligible for guaranteed essential air service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.3 Places eligible for guaranteed essential air service. (a) Subject to the provisions of this part... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Places eligible for guaranteed essential...

Reaching the unreachable: barriers of the poorest to accessing NGO healthcare services in Bangladesh.

PubMed

Ahmed, Nizam U; Alam, Mohammed M; Sultana, Fadia; Sayeed, Shahana N; Pressman, Aliza M; Powers, Mary Beth

2006-12-01

The NGO Service Delivery Program (NSDP), a USAID-funded programme, is the largest NGO programme in Bangladesh. Its strategic flagship activity is the essential services package through which healthcare services are administered by NGOs in Bangladesh. The overall goal of the NSDP is to increase access to essential healthcare services by communities, especially the poor. Recognizing that the poorest in the community often have no access to essential healthcare services due to various barriers, a study was conducted to identify what the real barriers to access by the poor are. This included investigations to further understand the perceptions of the poor of real or imagined barriers to accessing healthcare; ways for healthcare centres to maximize services to the poor; how healthcare providers can maximize service-use; inter-personal communication between healthcare providers and those seeking healthcare among the poor; and ways to improve the capacity of service providers to reach the poorest segment of the community. The study, carried out in two phases, included 24 static and satellite clinics within the catchment areas of eight NGOs under the NSDP in Bangladesh, during June-September 2003. Participatory urban and rural appraisal techniques, focus-group discussions, and in-depth interviews were employed as research methods in the study. The target populations in the study included males and females, service-users and non-users, and special groups, such as fishermen, sex workers, potters, Bedes (river gypsies), and lower-caste people-all combined representing a heterogeneous community. The following four major categories of barriers emerged as roadblocks to accessing quality healthcare for the poor: (a) low income to be able to afford healthcare, (b) lack of awareness of the kind of healthcare services available, (c) deficiencies and inconsistencies in the quality of services, and (d) lack of close proximity to the healthcare facility. Those interviewed perceived their access problems to be: (a) a limited range of NGO services available as they felt what are available do not meet their demands; (b) a high service-charge for the healthcare services they sought; (c) higher prices of drugs at the facility compared to the market place; (d) a belief that the NGO clinics are primarily to serve the rich people, (e) lack of experienced doctors at the centres; and (f) the perception that the facility and its services were more oriented to women and children, but not to males. Others responded that they should be allowed to get treatment with credit and, if needed, payment should be waived for some due to their poverty level. While the results of the study revealed many perceptions of barriers to healthcare services by the poor, the feedback provided by the study indicates how important it is to learn from the poorest segment of society. This will assist healthcare providers and the healthcare system itself to become more sensitized to the needs and problems faced by this segment of the society and to make recommendations to remove barriers and improvement of access. Treatment with credit and waived payment for the poorest were also recommended as affordable alternative private healthcare services for the poor.

A Review of the Use of Medicare Claims Data in Plastic Surgery Outcomes Research

PubMed Central

Mahmoudi, Elham; Kotsis, Sandra V.

2015-01-01

Summary: With a growing national emphasis in data transparency and reporting of public health data, it is essential for researchers to know more about Medicare claims data, the largest and most reliable source of health-care utilization and expenditure for individuals older than 65 years in the United States. This article provides an overview of Medicare claims data for plastic surgery outcomes research. We highlight essential information on various files included in Medicare claims data, strengths and limitations of the data, and ways to expand the use of existing data for research purposes. As of now, Medicare data are limited in providing adequate information regarding severity of diagnosed conditions, health status of individuals, and health outcomes after certain procedures. However, the data contain all health-care utilization and expenditures for services that are covered by Medicare Parts A, B, and D (inpatient, outpatient, ambulatory-based and physician-based services, and prescription drugs). Additionally, Medicare claims data can be used for longitudinal analysis of variations in utilization and cost of health-care services at the patient level and provider level. Linking Medicare claims data with other national databases and utilizing the ICD-10 coding system would further expand the use of these datasets in health services research. PMID:26579336

A study of electro-mechanical and infrastructure instrumentation facilities in environmental laboratory.

PubMed

Dhawangale, R M; Kawale, S M; Waghmare, Maya; Pandya, G H; Kondawar, V K

2006-01-01

Environmental laboratories carry out measurement and analysis of a number of physical, chemical and biological parameters. Each parameter requires some sort of instrument for its determination. Providing efficient instrumentation services to various departments of the Institute is an stupendous task. Instrumentation services in the form of installation, operation, repair and maintenanace of electro-mechanical equipment requires an in-depth experience and knowledge of the working, fabrication, design and repair of similar type of instruments so that the need of space, installation pre-requisites, budget constraints, availability of essential spares parts could be assessed. The paper discusses the operation of an environmental instrument repairs and maintenance, and audio-visual facilities. Suggestions for drafting of the proper specifications for procurement of laboratory equipments, such as ovens, furnaces, refrigerators, blowers, audio visual aids, and spares and accessories are given in this paper. The paper also gives the detailed information on various aspects that are needed for checking and testing of the equipment against specification before putting it in operational use. Development of a preventive maintenance program involving QC checks and keeping an inventory of essential spares required are also discussed in this paper. It is felt that such services are essential in providing smooth support to carry out research and development activities of the Institute.

Essential Skills and Knowledge for Troubleshooting E-Resources Access Issues in a Web-Scale Discovery Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, Sunshine; Traill, Stacie

2017-01-01

Electronic resource access troubleshooting is familiar work in most libraries. The added complexity introduced when a library implements a web-scale discovery service, however, creates a strong need for well-organized, rigorous training to enable troubleshooting staff to provide the best service possible. This article outlines strategies, tools,…

Transition Planning for Students with Disabilities: What Educators and Service Providers Can Do

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bakken, Jeffrey P.; Obiakor, Festus E.

2008-01-01

The need for transition services for students with exceptionalities is apparent and critical for their success after high school. It is essential for school professionals, parents, and students to work collaboratively and consultively to determine each student's future goals and develop an effective plan to meet those goals successively. This book…

Chapter 4: Overview of the vegetation management treatment economic analysis module in the integrated landscape assessment project

Treesearch

Xiaoping Zhou; Miles A. Hemstrom

2014-01-01

Forest land provides various ecosystem services, including timber, biomass, and carbon sequestration. Estimating trends in these ecosystem services is essential for assessing potential outcomes of landscape management scenarios. However, the state-and transition models used in the Integrated Landscape Assessment Project for simulating landscape changes over time do not...

Fostering Online Social Construction of Science Knowledge with Primary Pre-Service Teachers Working in Virtual Teams

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicholas, Howard; Ng, Wan

2009-01-01

As many primary pre-service teachers enter teacher education courses with little science background, it is essential in teacher education courses to provide opportunities for them to learn more science independently. The purpose of this study is to investigate an online pedagogical activity that fosters the social construction of science knowledge…

Promoting School Mental Health Competencies: Exploring the Utility of Decision Cases for Pre-Service Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iachini, Aidyn L.; Wolfer, Terry A.

2015-01-01

Preparation of the school mental health (SMH) workforce is an important priority. Significant gaps remain, however, in our understanding of which pre-service training strategies may be most effective for promoting essential cross-disciplinary SMH competencies. In response, this paper describes the case method of teaching and provides pilot…

76 FR 4993 - Agency Information Collection; Activity Under OMB Review; Report of Financial and Operating...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-27

.... Carrier Fitness Fitness determinations are made for both new entrants and established U.S. domestic... continuing fitness to operate. Section 41738 of Title 49 of the United States Code requires DOT to find all... prerequisite to providing such service to an eligible essential air service point. In making a fitness...

76 FR 39152 - Agency Information Collection; Activity Under OMB Review; Report of Financial and Operating...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-05

... Fitness Fitness determinations are made for both new entrants and established U.S. domestic carriers... fitness to operate. Section 41738 of Title 49 of the United States Code requires DOT to find all commuter... prerequisite to providing such service to an eligible essential air service point. In making a fitness...

The Role of Counseling Faculty and Delivery of Counseling Services in the California Community Colleges. Adopted Spring 2012

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Academic Senate for California Community Colleges, 2012

2012-01-01

The original paper, "The Role of Counseling Faculty in the California Community Colleges" (1994), provided principled positions of the Academic Senate regarding the essential functions of counselors and the delivery of counseling services in helping students achieve success. The paper concluded with specific guidance on appropriate roles…

Writing Skills of Hearing-Impaired Students Who Benefit from Support Services at Public Schools in Turkey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karasu, H. Pelin

2017-01-01

Support services provide an essential role for hearing-impaired students attending public schools, in terms of improving their language and academic skills. In this study, the writing skills of hearing-impaired students enrolled in public schools were evaluated, and the relationship between the writing scores, audiological variables and…

Care Models of eHealth Services: A Case Study on the Design of a Business Model for an Online Precare Service.

PubMed

van Meeuwen, Dorine Pd; van Walt Meijer, Quirine J; Simonse, Lianne Wl

2015-03-24

With a growing population of health care clients in the future, the organization of high-quality and cost-effective service providing becomes an increasing challenge. New online eHealth services are proposed as innovative options for the future. Yet, a major barrier to these services appears to be the lack of new business model designs. Although design efforts generally result in visual models, no such artifacts have been found in the literature on business model design. This paper investigates business model design in eHealth service practices from a design perspective. It adopts a research by design approach and seeks to unravel what characteristics of business models determine an online service and what are important value exchanges between health professionals and clients. The objective of the study was to analyze the construction of care models in-depth, framing the essential elements of a business model, and design a new care model that structures these elements for the particular context of an online pre-care service in practice. This research employs a qualitative method of an in-depth case study in which different perspectives on constructing a care model are investigated. Data are collected by using the visual business modeling toolkit, designed to cocreate and visualize the business model. The cocreated models are transcribed and analyzed per actor perspective, transactions, and value attributes. We revealed eight new actors in the business model for providing the service. Essential actors are: the intermediary network coordinator connecting companies, the service dedicated information technology specialists, and the service dedicated health specialist. In the transactions for every service providing we found a certain type of contract, such as a license contract and service contracts for precare services and software products. In addition to the efficiency, quality, and convenience, important value attributes appeared to be: timelines, privacy and credibility, availability, pleasantness, and social interaction. Based on the in-depth insights from the actor perspectives, the business model for online precare services is modeled with a visual design. A new care model of the online precare service is designed and compiled of building blocks for the business model. For the construction of a care model, actors, transactions, and value attributes are essential elements. The design of a care model structures these elements in a visual way. Guided by the business modeling toolkit, the care model design artifact is visualized in the context of an online precare service. Important building blocks include: provision of an online flow of information with regular interactions to the client stimulates self-management of personal health and service-dedicated health expert ensure an increase of the perceived quality of the eHealth service.

Care Models of eHealth Services: A Case Study on the Design of a Business Model for an Online Precare Service

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Background With a growing population of health care clients in the future, the organization of high-quality and cost-effective service providing becomes an increasing challenge. New online eHealth services are proposed as innovative options for the future. Yet, a major barrier to these services appears to be the lack of new business model designs. Although design efforts generally result in visual models, no such artifacts have been found in the literature on business model design. This paper investigates business model design in eHealth service practices from a design perspective. It adopts a research by design approach and seeks to unravel what characteristics of business models determine an online service and what are important value exchanges between health professionals and clients. Objective The objective of the study was to analyze the construction of care models in-depth, framing the essential elements of a business model, and design a new care model that structures these elements for the particular context of an online pre-care service in practice. Methods This research employs a qualitative method of an in-depth case study in which different perspectives on constructing a care model are investigated. Data are collected by using the visual business modeling toolkit, designed to cocreate and visualize the business model. The cocreated models are transcribed and analyzed per actor perspective, transactions, and value attributes. Results We revealed eight new actors in the business model for providing the service. Essential actors are: the intermediary network coordinator connecting companies, the service dedicated information technology specialists, and the service dedicated health specialist. In the transactions for every service providing we found a certain type of contract, such as a license contract and service contracts for precare services and software products. In addition to the efficiency, quality, and convenience, important value attributes appeared to be: timelines, privacy and credibility, availability, pleasantness, and social interaction. Based on the in-depth insights from the actor perspectives, the business model for online precare services is modeled with a visual design. A new care model of the online precare service is designed and compiled of building blocks for the business model. Conclusions For the construction of a care model, actors, transactions, and value attributes are essential elements. The design of a care model structures these elements in a visual way. Guided by the business modeling toolkit, the care model design artifact is visualized in the context of an online precare service. Important building blocks include: provision of an online flow of information with regular interactions to the client stimulates self-management of personal health and service-dedicated health expert ensure an increase of the perceived quality of the eHealth service. PMID:25831094

Toward Ubiquitous Communication Platform for Emergency Medical Care

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ishibashi, Kenichi; Morishima, Naoto; Kanbara, Masayuki; Sunahara, Hideki; Imanishi, Masami

Interaction between emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and doctors is essential in emergency medical care. Doctors require diverse information related to a patient to provide efficient aid. In 2005, we started the Ikoma119 project and have developed a ubiquitous communication platform for emergency medical care called Mobile ER. Our platform, which is based on wireless internet technology, has such desirable properties as low-cost, location-independent service, and ease of service introduction. We provide an overview of our platform and describe the services that we have developed. We also discuss the remaining issues to realize our platform's actual operation.

Eco-logical successes : fourth edition, March 2013

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-03-01

Infrastructure facilities, such as roadways, transit lines, and communication systems, provide vital services that support the healthy functioning of a community. While essential, sometimes the development of these facilities has negative environment...

14 CFR 272.8 - Obligation to continue service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.8 Obligation to... eligible Freely Associated State place below the level of essential air service to such place, whether or not the Department has previously determined the level of essential air service to such place, the...

14 CFR 272.8 - Obligation to continue service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.8 Obligation to... eligible Freely Associated State place below the level of essential air service to such place, whether or not the Department has previously determined the level of essential air service to such place, the...

Exceeding Expectations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cannon, John

2011-01-01

Awareness of expectations is so important in the facilities business. The author's experiences has taught him that it is essential to understand how expectations impact people's lives as well as those for whom they provide services for every day. This article presents examples and ideas that will provide insight and ideas to help educators…

45 CFR 261.2 - What definitions apply to this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... in return for welfare, that provides an individual with an opportunity to acquire the general skills... work and that provides knowledge and skills essential to the full and adequate performance of the job... fields such as health, social service, environmental protection, education, urban and rural redevelopment...

45 CFR 156.235 - Essential community providers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

....235 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS RELATED TO EXCHANGES... result of violating Federal law: (1) Health care providers defined in section 340B(a)(4) of the PHS Act...

45 CFR 156.235 - Essential community providers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

....235 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS RELATED TO EXCHANGES... result of violating Federal law: (1) Health care providers defined in section 340B(a)(4) of the PHS Act...

45 CFR 156.235 - Essential community providers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

....235 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS RELATED TO EXCHANGES... result of violating Federal law: (1) Health care providers defined in section 340B(a)(4) of the PHS Act...

Communication and Diversity: Innovations in Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simonds, Brent K.; Lippert, Lance R.; Hunt, Stephen K.; Angell, Maureen E.; Moore, Marilyn K.

2008-01-01

Teacher education programs have increasingly come under fire for not providing pre-service teachers communication skills training. Given that such training is essential to address diversity in the classroom and to meet the day-to-day functioning of teachers, higher education must provide communication skills training for teacher certification.…

HIV-positive mothers in Viet Nam: using their status to build support groups and access essential services.

PubMed

Oosterhoff, Pauline; Anh, Nguyen Thu; Yen, Pham Ngoc; Wright, Pamela; Hardon, Anita

2008-11-01

Various support and self-help groups for people living with HIV and their families have developed in Viet Nam in recent years. This paper reports on a case study of Sunflowers, the first support group for HIV positive mothers in Hanoi, begun in 2004, and a sister group begun in 2005 in Thai Nguyen province. From April 2004 to early 2007, we carried out semi-structured interviews with 275 health care workers and 153 HIV-positive women and members of their families, as well as participant observation of group meetings and activities. Sunflowers have successfully organised themselves to access vital social, medical and economic support and services for themselves, their children and partners. They gained self-confidence, and learned to communicate with their peers and voice their needs to service providers. Based on personal development plans, they have accessed other state services, such as loans, job counselling and legal advice. They have also gained access to school and treatment for their children, who had previously been excluded. Although the women were vulnerable to HIV as wives and mothers, motherhood also provided them with social status and an identity they used to help build organisations and develop strategies to access the essential services that they and their families need.

The Relationship among Stress, Burnout, and Locus of Control of School Psychologists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reece, Shana J.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine how stress, burnout, and locus of control are related for school psychologists providing direct services in the Metropolitan Nashville Public School System. This knowledge is essential in providing the needed experience and outlook of working as a school psychologist. The current study provided school…

Using PulpMotion Videos as Instructional Anchors for Pre-Service Teachers Learning about Early Childhood Special Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chapman, Denise N. J.

2014-01-01

Providing pre-service early childhood general educators with a strong knowledge base of key aspects of early childhood special education is essential in the United States as US federal law mandates it. Specifically, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) stipulates that children with special needs must to be placed in the least…

Professional Development for Promoting 21st Century Skills and Common Core State Standards in Foreign Language and Social Studies Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beriswill, Joanne Elizabeth; Bracey, Pamela Scott; Sherman-Morris, Kathleen; Huang, Kun; Lee, Sang Joon

2016-01-01

To help satisfy the pressing need for technology-related professional development for in-service teachers, the Global Academic Essentials Teacher Institute (GAETI) was implemented to provide in-service foreign language and social studies teachers with content, pedagogy, and technology explorations centered on the teaching of the Common Core State…

Identifying the Knowledge, Skills, and Values Needed to Perform Entry-Level Child Welfare Work in Utah

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Topuzova, Lazarina N.

2009-01-01

Because child welfare workers serve the most vulnerable children and families, it is necessary that they have sufficient knowledge, skills, and values (competencies) to provide quality services. This study focuses on competencies that the Division of Child and Family Services, Utah (DCFS) views as essential for entry-level child welfare work, and…

The Relevance of the Affordable Care Act for Improving Mental Health Care.

PubMed

Mechanic, David; Olfson, Mark

2016-01-01

Provisions of the Affordable Care Act provide unprecedented opportunities for expanded access to behavioral health care and for redesigning the provision of services. Key to these reforms is establishing mental and substance abuse care as essential coverage, extending Medicaid eligibility and insurance parity, and protecting insurance coverage for persons with preexisting conditions and disabilities. Many provisions, including Accountable Care Organizations, health homes, and other structures, provide incentives for integrating primary care and behavioral health services and coordinating the range of services often required by persons with severe and persistent mental health conditions. Careful research and experience are required to establish the services most appropriate for primary care and effective linkage to specialty mental health services. Research providing guidance on present evidence and uncertainties is reviewed. Success in redesign will follow progress building on collaborative care and other evidence-based practices, reshaping professional incentives and practices, and reinvigorating the behavioral health workforce.

[Shortage of doctors in psychiatric hospitals--providing for the future by reorganizing medical services].

PubMed

Jordan, Wolfgang; Adler, Lothar; Bleich, Stefan; von Einsiedel, Regina; Falkai, Peter; Grosskopf, Volker; Hauth, Iris; Steiner, Johann; Cohrs, Stefan

2011-11-01

Increasing psychiatric disorder treatment need, increased work load, changes in the working hour regulations, the nation-wide shortage of physicians, efficiency principle and economisation can necessitate a reorganisation of medical services. The essential steps and instruments of process optimisation in medical services for a psychiatric clinic are elucidated and discussed in the context of demographic changes, generation change, and a new concept of values. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Variation in Delivery of the 10 Essential Public Health Services by Local Health Departments for Obesity Control in 2005 and 2008

PubMed Central

Luo, Huabin; Sotnikov, Sergey; Shah, Gulzar; Galuska, Deborah A.; Zhang, Xinzhi

2016-01-01

Objectives To describe and compare the capacity of local health departments (LHDs) to perform 10 essential public health services (EPHS) for obesity control in 2005 and 2008, and explore factors associated with provision of these services. Methods The data for this study were drawn from the 2005 and 2008 National Profile of Local Health Department surveys, conducted by the National Association of County and City Health Officials. Data were analyzed in SAS version 9.1 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina). Results The proportion of LHDs that reported that they do not provide any of the EPHS for obesity control decreased from 27.9% in 2005 to 17.0% in 2008. In both 2005 and 2008, the 2 most frequently provided EPHS for obesity control by LHDs were informing, educating, and empowering the people (EPHS 3) and linking people to needed personal health services (EPHS 7). The 2 least frequently provided services were enforcing laws and regulations (EPHS 6) and conducting research (EPHS 10). On average, LHDs provided 3.05 EPHS in 2005 and 3.69 EPHS in 2008. Multiple logistic regression results show that LHDs with larger jurisdiction population, with a local governance, and those that have completed a community health improvement plan were more likely to provide more of the EPHS for obesity (P < .05). Conclusions The provision of the 10 EPHS for obesity control by LHDs remains low. Local health departments need more assistance and resources to expand performance of EPHS for obesity control. Future studies are needed to evaluate and promote LHD capacity to deliver evidence-based strategies for obesity control in local communities. PMID:23169404

Pollinators: Downward Trends and Lofty Goals

EPA Science Inventory

Pollinators are essential to natural and managed landscapes. By providing critical pollination services, bees, birds, beetles, butterflies, bats and other animals enhance biodiversity and contribute to production of many nutritious foods. Honey bees alone pollinate 90 commercia...

FORESTS OF MEXICO: A DIMINISHING RESOURCE?

EPA Science Inventory

Forests of Mexico as elsewhere provide essential goods and services for both local citizens and the international community. uch benefits include climate regulation, biodiversity, and wood and nonwood products for local consumption and economic activity. eforestation, therefore, ...

Report of the Governor's Blue Ribbon Transportation Task Force

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1982-12-01

Governor Ray appointed the Blue Ribbon Transportation Task Force to provide guidance concerning specific steps that can be taken to: achieve maximum efficiency in the utilization of transportation resources; preserve essential transportation services...

Water policy: Science versus political realities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ryan, Mark A.

2017-11-01

Debate rages over which water bodies in the US are protected under federal law by the Clean Water Act. Science shows that isolated wetlands and headwater systems provide essential downstream services, but convincing politicians is another matter.

Developing a promotion plan for health care marketing.

PubMed

Hallums, A

1994-07-01

Promotion of a health care provider's services is essential for communication with its customers and consumers. It is relevant to an organization's marketing strategy and is an element of what is described as the marketing mix. This paper considers the relationship of promotion to the marketing of services and proposes a plan for the promotion of the organization as a whole which can also be applied to an individual service or specialty. Whilst specific reference is made to an National Health Service (NHS) Trust it is also relevant to a Directly Managed Unit.

Recommended minimal emergency equipment and resources for schools: national consensus group report.

PubMed

Bobo, Nichole; Hallenbeck, Paula; Robinson, Judith

2003-06-01

Providing an environment that is responsive to emergency health needs of students is essential to creating a safe setting for children in schools. The question of what minimal essential emergency equipment and resources should be available in schools brings with it many and varied opinions, issues, and concerns. Through funding from the Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC), the National Association of School Nurses (NASN) was charged with the task of convening a consensus group to formulate a recommended list of minimal essential emergency equipment and resources that should be present in all schools. This article provides an overview of the issues surrounding minimal emergency equipment needs for schools, presents recommended minimal emergency equipment and resources, and recommendations for further actions.

The "empty void" is a crowded space: health service provision at the margins of fragile and conflict affected states.

PubMed

Hill, Peter S; Pavignani, Enrico; Michael, Markus; Murru, Maurizio; Beesley, Mark E

2014-01-01

Definitions of fragile states focus on state willingness and capacity to ensure security and provide essential services, including health. Conventional analyses and subsequent policies that focus on state-delivered essential services miss many developments in severely disrupted healthcare arenas. The research seeks to gain insights about the large sections of the health field left to evolve spontaneously by the absent or diminished state. THE STUDY EXAMINED SIX DIVERSE CASE STUDIES: Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haïti, Palestine, and Somalia. A comprehensive documentary analysis was complemented by site visits in 2011-2012 and interviews with key informants. Despite differing histories, countries shared chronic disruption of health services, with limited state service provision, and low community expectations of quality of care. The space left by compromised or absent state-provided services is filled by multiple diverse actors. Health is commoditized, health services are heterogeneous and irregular, with public goods such as immunization and preventive services lagging behind curative ones. Health workers with disparate skills, and atypical health facilities proliferate. Health care absorbs large private expenditures, sustained by households, remittances, charitable and solidarity funding, and constitutes a substantial portion of the country economy. Pharmaceutical markets thrive. Trans-border healthcare provision is prominent in most studied settings, conferring regional and sometimes true globalized characteristics to these arenas. We identify three distortions in the way the global development community has considered health service provision. The first distortion is the assumption that beyond the reach of state- and donor-sponsored services is a "void", waiting to be filled. Our analysis suggests that the opposite is the case. The second distortion relates to the inadequacy of the usual binary categories structuring conventional health system analyses, when applied to these contexts. The third distortion reflects the failure of the global development community to recognise-or engage-the emergent networks of health providers. To effectively harness the service provision currently available in this crowded space, development actors need to adapt their current approaches, engage non-state providers, and support local capacity and governance, particularly grassroots social institutions with a public-good orientation.

Positioning for capitation in long-term care: a profile of vertical integration strategies in health and social service organizations.

PubMed

Walsh, A M

1998-01-01

During the next decade, the population over age 65 is expected to increase by 11% while the population over age 85 is expected to increase by 42%. These projections suggest that many organizations which currently provide services to the aged will be required to design a range of new products and services for this diverse population. Vertically integrated services provide a viable opportunity to competitively position an organization to respond to the diverse needs of an aged market. Since vertical integration will be essential in negotiating capitate contracts for the aged in the future, this study examined the extent of vertical integration in 116 health and social service organizations in an urban market with an expanding geriatric population.

A starting point for delivery reform. Catholic healthcare providers can receive guidance from "A Time to Be Old, a Time to Flourish".

PubMed

1992-03-01

The ideal healthcare delivery system is client focused and ensures that the individual and the family receive the appropriate mix of services to meet their needs. Healthcare delivery should be presented as a coordinated continuum of care. Key integrating elements are essential to provide healthcare services on a day-by-day basis as a continuum of care. Integrating elements that form the bridge between clients and services include planning, care management, a management information system, financing, and an appropriate administrative structure. Many Catholic healthcare providers are expanding by acquiring a variety of services. However, many of these acquisitions are in response to today's competitive environment, whereas a true continuum of care must focus on the client's range of functional needs. Catholic providers must keep in mind that not all services they provide will be profitable. Although Catholic healthcare providers will be pressured to focus on fiscal strength and market position, they must put the client's holistic needs first. By doing so, they can help create a client-centered healthcare system in their communities.

Is there a business continuity plan for emergencies like an Ebola outbreak or other pandemics?

PubMed

Kandel, Nirmal

2015-01-01

During emergencies, the health system will be overwhelmed and challenged by various factors like staff absenteeism and other limited resources. More than half of the workforce in Liberia has been out of work since the start of the Ebola outbreak. It is vital to continue essential services like maternal and child health care, emergency care and others while responding to emergencies like an Ebola outbreak other pandemic or disaster. Having a business continuity plan (BCP) and involving various sectors during planning and implementing the plan during a crisis will assist in providing essential services to the public. An established BCP will not only help the continuity of services, it also assists in maintaining achievements of sustainable development. This applies to all sectors other than health, for instance, energy sectors, communication, transportation, education, production and agriculture.

Metal stocks and sustainability

PubMed Central

Gordon, R. B.; Bertram, M.; Graedel, T. E.

2006-01-01

The relative proportions of metal residing in ore in the lithosphere, in use in products providing services, and in waste deposits measure our progress from exclusive use of virgin ore toward full dependence on sustained use of recycled metal. In the U.S. at present, the copper contents of these three repositories are roughly equivalent, but metal in service continues to increase. Providing today's developed-country level of services for copper worldwide (as well as for zinc and, perhaps, platinum) would appear to require conversion of essentially all of the ore in the lithosphere to stock-in-use plus near-complete recycling of the metals from that point forward. PMID:16432205

Autonomous Navigation and Control

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

Ball Aerospace, Cincinnati Electronics, COMSAT, DSI, Harris Corporation, M/A-COM, Qualcomm , RCA, Rockwell and SPACECOM. The objective of the satellite...constellation was to provide global prioritized data-voice service during peacetime and essential communications during crises . This was to be

7 CFR 1206.103 - Instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS... INFORMATION Referendum Procedures. § 1206.103 Instructions. The referendum agent shall conduct the referendum.... The ballot shall provide for recording essential information, including that needed for ascertaining...

The Hawke's Bay Condom Card Scheme: a qualitative study of the views of service providers on increased, discreet access for youth to free condoms.

PubMed

Ryder, Hollie; Aspden, Trudi; Sheridan, Janie

2015-12-01

The incidence of sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies in adolescence is of concern. The Hawke's Bay District Health Board, New Zealand, set up a pilot condom card scheme ('the Scheme') to allow 13- to 24-year-olds, deemed suitable for the Scheme, to access free condoms from pharmacies on presentation of a Condom Card. Our study explored the views of service providers of a pilot Condom Card Scheme. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 service providers (nurses, pharmacists, pharmacy staff) between February and April 2013. Our findings showed that the Scheme was viewed positively by service providers, who indicated almost universal support for the Scheme to continue. However, participants noted a perceived lack of advertising, low number of sites for collection of condoms, lack of flexibility of the Scheme's criteria relating to who could access the scheme and issues with some pharmacy service providers, all of which led to a number of recommendations for improving the Scheme. The views of service providers indicate broad support for the continuation of the Scheme. Canvassing young people's suggestions for improving the Scheme is also essential. © 2015 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

Public health and nursing: a natural partnership.

PubMed

Savage, Christine; Kub, Joan

2009-11-01

The health of individuals occurs within the context of their environment and the other individuals they interact with in the communities they live in, work in and visit. Promoting the health of the public requires multiple strategies aimed at improving the environment, the health knowledge of groups and individuals, maintaining adequate food and water, and reducing the spread of disease. Many disciplines are needed to meet these goals, but the largest segment of the professional health work force required to meet these needs is nursing. Historically, nursing leaders in public health such as Florence Nightingale and Lillian Wald made significant inroads related to serious health issues because they were nurses. Today across the globe, nurses provide the key components of public health interventions including well baby care, health education, screening and immunization clinics, disaster management and emergency preparedness. With the growing nursing shortage in acute care settings, the brain drain of nurses from certain areas of the world, the shrinking public dollars for preventive health care, the nursing workforce needed to continue to provide these essential health care services is threatened. It is essential to put the spot light on nursing's role in public health with the hopes of attracting more public funds and more nurses to provide these essential services.

Factors associated with non-reimbursable activity on an inpatient pediatric consultation-liaison service.

PubMed

Bierenbaum, Melanie L; Katsikas, Steven; Furr, Allen; Carter, Bryan D

2013-12-01

The aim of this study was to identify factors contributing to clinician time spent in non-reimbursable activity on an inpatient pediatric consultation-liaison (C-L) service. A retrospective study was conducted using inpatient C-L service data on 1,246 consecutive referrals. For this patient population, the strongest predictor of level of non-reimbursable clinical activity was illness chronicity and the number of contacts with C-L service clinicians during their hospital stay. Patients with acute life-threatening illnesses required the highest mean amount of non-reimbursable service activity. On average, 28 % of total clinician time in completing a hospital consultation was spent in non-reimbursable activity. Effective C-L services require a proportion of time spent in non-reimbursable clinical activity, such as liaison and coordinating care with other providers. Identifying referral and systemic factors contributing to non-reimbursable activity can provide insight into budgeting/negotiating for institutional support for essential clinical and non-clinical functions in providing competent quality patient care.

A Systematic Process for Developing High Quality SaaS Cloud Services

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

La, Hyun Jung; Kim, Soo Dong

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is a type of cloud service which provides software functionality through Internet. Its benefits are well received in academia and industry. To fully utilize the benefits, there should be effective methodologies to support the development of SaaS services which provide high reusability and applicability. Conventional approaches such as object-oriented methods do not effectively support SaaS-specific engineering activities such as modeling common features, variability, and designing quality services. In this paper, we present a systematic process for developing high quality SaaS and highlight the essentiality of commonality and variability (C&V) modeling to maximize the reusability. We first define criteria for designing the process model and provide a theoretical foundation for SaaS; its meta-model and C&V model. We clarify the notion of commonality and variability in SaaS, and propose a SaaS development process which is accompanied with engineering instructions. Using the proposed process, SaaS services with high quality can be effectively developed.

Excellence in Career Counseling: Improving Services to Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Western Region Outreach Center and Consortia, Northridge, CA.

This booklet provides basic information on career counseling for deaf postsecondary students. and lists voice and TTY numbers for various federal resources related to the Americans with Disabilities Act. It also provides definitions of such terms as "reasonable accommodation" and "essential job functions." Basic information is…

38 CFR 61.80 - General operation requirements for supportive housing and service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... provided to permit use of essential electrical appliances while assuring safety from fire; (10) All food preparation areas must contain suitable space and equipment to store, prepare, and serve food in a sanitary... program's ability to provide a successful outcome for veterans. (7) Corrective Action(s): When necessary...

38 CFR 61.80 - General operation requirements for supportive housing and service centers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... provided to permit use of essential electrical appliances while assuring safety from fire; (10) All food preparation areas must contain suitable space and equipment to store, prepare, and serve food in a sanitary... program's ability to provide a successful outcome for veterans. (7) Corrective Action(s): When necessary...

Marketing and Distributive Education Curriculum Guide. Marketing Services: Real Estate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cluck, Janice Bona; Melliges, Pam

This curriculum guide has been designed to provide the curriculum coordinator with a basis for planning a comprehensive program in the field of real estate marketing, as well as to provide the marketing and distributive education teacher/coordinator with maximum flexibility. The essential common and specialized competencies have been identified…

Transforming Educational Experiences in Low-Income Communities: A Qualitative Case Study of Social Capital in a Full-Service Community School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galindo, Claudia; Sanders, Mavis; Abel, Yolanda

2017-01-01

Full-service community schools aim to reduce educational inequality by addressing the multifaceted needs of low-income children and youth. Critical to this task is the ability of these schools to generate sufficient social capital to provide students, families, and teachers with essential resources. Using data from a qualitative case study, this…

Relationships among providing maternal, child, and adolescent health services; implementing various financial strategy responses; and performance of local health departments.

PubMed

Issel, L Michele; Olorunsaiye, Comfort; Snebold, Laura; Handler, Arden

2015-04-01

We explored the relationships between local health department (LHD) structure, capacity, and macro-context variables and performance of essential public health services (EPHS). In 2012, we assessed a stratified, random sample of 195 LHDs that provided data via an online survey regarding performance of EPHS, the services provided or contracted out, the financial strategies used in response to budgetary pressures, and the extent of collaborations. We performed weighted analyses that included analysis of variance, pairwise correlations by jurisdiction population size, and linear regressions. On average, LHDs provided approximately 13 (36%) of 35 possible services either directly or by contract. Rather than cut services or externally consolidating, LHDs took steps to generate more revenue and maximize capacity. Higher LHD performance of EPHS was significantly associated with delivering more services, initiating more financial strategies, and engaging in collaboration, after adjusting for the effects of the Affordable Care Act and jurisdiction size. During changing economic and health care environments, we found that strong structural capacity enhanced local health department EPHS performance for maternal, child, and adolescent health.

The WHO/PEPFAR collaboration to prepare an operations manual for HIV prevention, care, and treatment at primary health centers in high-prevalence, resource-constrained settings: defining laboratory services.

PubMed

Spira, Thomas; Lindegren, Mary Lou; Ferris, Robert; Habiyambere, Vincent; Ellerbrock, Tedd

2009-06-01

The expansion of HIV/AIDS care and treatment in resource-constrained countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, has generally developed in a top-down manner. Further expansion will involve primary health centers where human and other resources are limited. This article describes the World Health Organization/President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief collaboration formed to help scale up HIV services in primary health centers in high-prevalence, resource-constrained settings. It reviews the contents of the Operations Manual developed, with emphasis on the Laboratory Services chapter, which discusses essential laboratory services, both at the center and the district hospital level, laboratory safety, laboratory testing, specimen transport, how to set up a laboratory, human resources, equipment maintenance, training materials, and references. The chapter provides specific information on essential tests and generic job aids for them. It also includes annexes containing a list of laboratory supplies for the health center and sample forms.

Differences in essential newborn care at birth between private and public health facilities in eastern Uganda.

PubMed

Waiswa, Peter; Akuze, Joseph; Peterson, Stefan; Kerber, Kate; Tetui, Moses; Forsberg, Birger C; Hanson, Claudia

2015-01-01

In Uganda and elsewhere, the private sector provides an increasing and significant proportion of maternal and child health services. However, little is known whether private care results in better quality services and improved outcomes compared to the public sector, especially regarding care at the time of birth. To describe the characteristics of care-seekers and assess newborn care practices and services received at public and private facilities in rural eastern Uganda. Within a community-based maternal and newborn care intervention with health systems strengthening, we collected data from mothers with infants at baseline and endline using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate data analysis comparing nine newborn care practices and three composite newborn care indicators among private and public health facilities was conducted. The proportion of women giving birth at private facilities decreased from 25% at baseline to 17% at endline, whereas overall facility births increased. Private health facilities did not perform significantly better than public health facilities in terms of coverage of any essential newborn care interventions, and babies were more likely to receive thermal care practices in public facilities compared to private (68% compared to 60%, p=0.007). Babies born at public health facilities received an average of 7.0 essential newborn care interventions compared to 6.2 at private facilities (p<0.001). Women delivering in private facilities were more likely to have higher parity, lower socio-economic status, less education, to seek antenatal care later in pregnancy, and to have a normal delivery compared to women delivering in public facilities. In this setting, private health facilities serve a vulnerable population and provide access to service for those who might not otherwise have it. However, provision of essential newborn care practices was slightly lower in private compared to public facilities, calling for quality improvement in both private and public sector facilities, and a greater emphasis on tracking access to and quality of care in private sector facilities.

How the Kano model contributes to Kansei engineering in services.

PubMed

Hartono, Markus; Chuan, Tan Kay

2011-11-01

Recent studies show that products and services hold great appeal if they are attractively designed to elicit emotional feelings from customers. Kansei engineering (KE) has good potential to provide a competitive advantage to those able to read and translate customer affect and emotion in actual product and services. This study introduces an integrative framework of the Kano model and KE, applied to services. The Kano model was used and inserted into KE to exhibit the relationship between service attribute performance and customer emotional response. Essentially, the Kano model categorises service attribute quality into three major groups (must-be [M], one-dimensional [O] and attractive [A]). The findings of a case study that involved 100 tourists who stayed in luxury 4- and 5-star hotels are presented. As a practical matter, this research provides insight on which service attributes deserve more attention with regard to their significant impact on customer emotional needs. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Apart from cognitive evaluation, emotions and hedonism play a big role in service encounters. Through a focus on delighting qualities of service attributes, this research enables service providers and managers to establish the extent to which they prioritise their improvement efforts and to always satisfy their customer emotions beyond expectation.

Preserving the person: The ethical imperative of recovery-oriented practices.

PubMed

Atterbury, Kendall

2014-03-01

For more than a decade the principles of mental health recovery have been promoted as an alternative to traditional models of care. Recovery-oriented practices are those that recognize the strengths of service users and empower them within the mental health system. In contrast to a more hierarchical model of care in which service providers make decisions with a pronounced absence of input from service users, recovery-oriented practices emphasize shared decision-making, respect for service user goals, and the recognition of the full humanity of all persons in care relationships. Recovery-oriented care has yet to be embraced by the majority of service providers, however. There are several reasons for this failure but among them is the lack of attention given to the ethical ground of recovery. This article seeks to bring recovery into conversation with moral philosophy by arguing that recovery-oriented care is essentially linked to fundamental rights and values of personhood within a liberal democracy. By joining together a conception of personhood rooted in essential vulnerability and a Rawlsian perspective on justice, this article argues that recovery is not only a desirable approach to mental health practice but that it is ethically necessary. It argues that recovery practices are not exceptional interventions to be reserved for a few but that a recovery-orientation entails fundamental elements of justice and respect to which all persons are entitled.

Collaborating with community-based services to promote evidence-based practice: Process description of a national initiative to improve services for youth with mental health and substance use problems.

PubMed

Henderson, Joanna L; Chaim, Gloria; Brownlie, E B

2017-08-01

Many youth with significant mental health (MH) and/or substance use (SU) difficulties do not receive specialized services. Collaboration between service providers, researchers, and other stakeholders is essential to improve youth service system capacity to provide evidence-based services to meet the complex array of needs of youth. Facilitators and barriers of implementing evidence-based practice have been identified, but few studies provide examples of the processes of collaboration and implementation for youth MH services. This study explicates the design features and implementation processes of a project to improve screening activities in youth services. These processes supported the building of 16 collaborative networks of service providers from diverse youth-serving sectors (e.g., MH, youth justice, child welfare) in urban, rural, suburban, and remote Canadian communities. These cross-sectoral networks implemented an evidence-based practice (screening youth aged 12-24 years for MH and SU problems using the Global Assessment of Individual Needs-Short Screener [GAIN-SS]) across their services. Materials and resources were provided by a centralized research team. Core project components were standardized and adherence to these components was monitored. Over 800 service providers participated in cross-sectoral networks, capacity-building events, joint data analysis, or interpretation and recommendation sessions. Across the 89 participating agencies, service providers for 84% of participating youth implemented the evidence-based practice accurately in accordance with project protocols, with 98% of positive screens reviewed and addressed according to organizational protocols. Service provider feedback is reported. Facilitators, barriers, and implications of promoting implementation of evidence-based practices across sites and sectors are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Improvement of force health protection through preventive medicine oversight of contractor support.

PubMed

Mower, Scott A

2009-01-01

Unprecedented numbers of contractors are used throughout the Iraq theater of operations to alleviate military manpower shortages. At virtually every major forward operating base, US-based contractors perform the preponderance of essential life support services. At more remote sites, local national contractors are increasingly relied upon to maintain chemical latrines, remove trash, deliver bulk water, and execute other janitorial functions. Vigorous oversight of contractor performance is essential to ensure services are delivered according to specified standards. Poor oversight can increase the risk of criminal activities, permit substandard performance, elevate disease and nonbattle injury rates, degrade morale, and diminish Soldier readiness. As the principal force health protection proponents in the Department of Defense, preventive medicine units must be tightly integrated into the oversight processes. This article defines the force health protection implications associated with service contracts and provide recommendations for strengthening preventive medicine's oversight role.

A Medicare primer.

PubMed

Satiani, Bhagwan

2009-08-01

Medicare is a massive and essential safety healthcare net for the elderly in the United States. It covers 45 million people in 2009 (almost one-sixth of the population) and projected to cover an increasing number of aged beneficiaries with a decreasing number of workers paying into the system. Medicare spending is about 13% of the federal budget and 3.2% of gross domestic product. A 7.4% annual growth rate in spending is expected to lead to potential insolvency by 2019. Spending on physician services and other suppliers is about 20% of Medicare outlays. Payment updates for physician services are insufficient in relation to the cost of providing services. The most serious issue remains a permanent fix for the sustained growth rate formula used for calculating payment updates for physicians. Further procrastination of difficult but essential decisions on funding has dire implications for Vascular Surgery and the patients we serve.

The national mobile health worker project in England.

PubMed

Drayton, Kathryn; Robinson, Karen

2014-01-01

Community services provide essential care to many, often vulnerable, people, families and communities along the spectrum from health promotion to end of life care. The Mobile Health Worker Project is part of a larger project, the Transforming Community Services programme, which was established to support providers make changes to service provision that would provide better health outcomes, as well as increasing efficiency through the use of technology. This paper draws on the results of the two phase Mobile Health Worker project which involved 11 sites around England, the aim of which was to understand the requirements of mobile working. The results demonstrate that increased productivity and efficiency can be achieved by making changes to working processes. The project also provides guidance to increase the rate of mobile working adoption by providing a solid economic basis for investment in and deployment of mobile solutions to community organisations.

42 CFR 440.347 - Essential health benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Essential health benefits. 440.347 Section 440.347 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.347 Essential health benefits. (a) Alternative Benefit Plans must contain essential...

42 CFR 440.347 - Essential health benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Essential health benefits. 440.347 Section 440.347 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...-Equivalent Coverage § 440.347 Essential health benefits. (a) Alternative Benefit Plans must contain essential...

[Health system in Afghanistan: problems and institutional perspectives].

PubMed

Lejars, M

2008-10-01

Afghanistan has been ravaged by years of conflict. To provide emergency services and restore access health services, the Public Health Ministry with the assistance of partners developed first a package of basic health services delivered by NGO contractors and second a package of essential hospital services. The Ministry's role consists of providing guidance. To reduce the many issues and problems affecting this role, reforms are now being undertaken and a new national health care strategy is being developed within the framework of the National Development Strategy. An institution-building project has been initiated with European Union funding to allow the Health Ministry to carry out its stewardship and management functions with greater effectiveness and transparency. This project is essential for the successful outcome of all future strategies and programs planned by the Health Ministry to enhance its institutional effectiveness. The objectives of this project are to strengthen planning and auditing activities, promote quality assurance, implement funding mechanisms for health-related activities, organize management of human resources, maintain ongoing efforts to reform the administration and fight against corruption, and lay the foundations for managing finances and procurement. The scope of this project underlines the importance of its outcome. However the institution-building process will be long and constantly threatened by political instability and insecurity.

Radio and Television Bibliography. Bulletin, 1948, No. 17

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broderick, Gertrude G.

1949-01-01

In its endeavor to provide essential services to radio education on all school levels the Office of Education has provided for some years past a comprehensive radio and television bibliography. The 1948 edition covers the general fields of radio and television, as well as many of their specific uses as mediums of education. This annotated list now…

76 FR 29810 - Alabama Disaster #AL-00037

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-23

.../2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 02/10/2012. ADDRESSES: Submit completed... on 05/10/2011, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental... Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: ......... Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3...

75 FR 21371 - Pennsylvania Disaster #PA-00031

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-23

.../15/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 01/18/2011. ADDRESSES: Submit... on 04/16/2010, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental... Credit Available Elsewhere.. 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available...

78 FR 69739 - South Dakota Disaster # D-00063

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-20

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 08/08/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file...-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

78 FR 38781 - Michigan Disaster #MI-00027

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-27

.../2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 08/19/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

The Audiologist in the Educational Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Barbara L.

1973-01-01

Although the educational audiologist is a newcomer to the educational enviroment of hearing impaired children, he provides such essential services as adapting or modifying audiological tests and techniques traditionally used in clincial settings, thus more adequately defining and supplying acoustic needs. (Author/MC)

78 FR 48764 - South Dakota Disaster # SD-00061

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

.../2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 05/02/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed... on 08/02/2013, private non- profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental...-Profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

Improved load rating of reinforced concrete slab bridges.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-09-01

In New Mexico, many reinforced concrete slab (RCS) bridges provide service on interstates I-10, I-25, and I-40. An accurate strength evaluation of interstate bridges is essential to avoid unnecessary load restrictions. The AASHTO load rating factor f...

Climate Analytics-As-a-Service (CAaas), Advanced Information Systems, and Services to Accelerate the Climate Sciences.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McInerney, M.; Schnase, J. L.; Duffy, D.; Tamkin, G.; Nadeau, D.; Strong, S.; Thompson, J. H.; Sinno, S.; Lazar, D.

2014-12-01

The climate sciences represent a big data domain that is experiencing unprecedented growth. In our efforts to address the big data challenges of climate science, we are moving toward a notion of Climate Analytics-as-a-Service (CAaaS). We focus on analytics, because it is the knowledge gained from our interactions with big data that ultimately product societal benefits. We focus on CAaaS because we believe it provides a useful way of thinking about the problem: a specialization of the concept of business process-as-a-service, which is an evolving extension of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS enabled by cloud computing. Within this framework, cloud computing plays an important role; however, we see it as only one element in a constellation of capabilities that are essential to delivering climate analytics-as-a-service. These elements are essential because in the aggregate they lead to generativity, a capacity for self-assembly that we feel is the key to solving many of the big data challenges in this domain. This poster will highlight specific examples of CAaaS using climate reanalysis data, high-performance cloud computing, map reduce, and the Climate Data Services API.

The clinical nurse specialist's role in school health.

PubMed

Ross, S K

1999-01-01

This article explores the role of the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) in school health. School nurse roles and responsibilities are expanding from their original emphasis on providing direct care and education to children and their parents to community-oriented care. CNS roles and practice areas have expanded to fill needs in a variety of settings, with a variety of clients. The identified CNS roles of clinician, educator, consultant, researcher, and leader/manager provide a comprehensive approach to providing school health services directly to individuals and indirectly through community-oriented care. A CNS's expertise is essential to assist with providing comprehensive care to students, their families, and the community through comprehensive school health services.

Structural requirements of research tissue banks derived from standardized project surveillance.

PubMed

Herpel, E; Koleganova, N; Schreiber, B; Walter, B; Kalle, C V; Schirmacher, P

2012-07-01

Tissue banks constitute decisive and rate-limiting resource and technology platforms for basic and translational biomedical research, notably in the area of cancer. Thus, it is essential to plan and structure tissue banking and allocate resources according to research needs, but essential requirements are still incompletely defined. The tissue bank of the National Center of Tumor Diseases Heidelberg (NCT) was founded with the intention to provide tissues of optimal quality and to prioritize the realization of research projects. We analysed its structure and prospective project management registration as well as tracking records for all projects of the NCT tissue bank as of its start in 2005 in order to obtain information that may be relevant for tissue bank planning. All project proposals submitted to the NCT tissue bank (n = 681) were included in the study. For a detailed evaluation of provided services, only projects that were completed until July 2011 (n = 605) were analysed. For these 605 projects, NCT tissue bank provided 769 specific services. In all projects/services, we recorded project leader, type and amount of material provided, type of research (basic/translational), work load of project and project completion. Furthermore, all completed projects were tracked after 90 days according to a standard protocol to determine principal investigators' (PI) satisfaction and quality of the provided material. Until July 2011, 605 projects had been successfully completed as documented by material transfer agreement. Of the projects, 72.7 % addressed basic research, 22.3 % were translational research projects and 3 % concerned epidemiological research; 91 % (n = 546) concerned a single PI and the NTC tissue bank. For these projects, 769 specific services were provided. Of these services, 288 concerned providing formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue (extracts, full size sections), 126 providing fresh frozen materials (including fresh frozen sections), 137 providing tissue micro-array (TMA)-based sections and 199 providing immunohistochemical services. Project tracking demonstrated that all projects had started within 90 days after reception of the material by the PIs, and PI satisfaction with provided material exceeded 97 %. Standardized registration and tracking provides valuable structural information for planning and financing of tissue banks and allocation of resources. The high number of completed projects as well as high user satisfaction demonstrates that structuring of tissue banks should be preferably research-oriented and highly efficient. The comparable number of requests for FFPE and fresh frozen tissue as well as TMA-based services underpins the need for a broad approach in terms of methods and material types in order to fulfil research needs.

The interactive contents authoring system for terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheong, Won-Sik; Ahn, Sangwoo; Cha, Jihun; Moon, Kyung Ae

2007-02-01

This paper introduces an interactive contents authoring system which can easily and conveniently produce interactive contents for the Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (T-DMB). For interactive broadcasting service, T-DMB adopted MPEG-4 Systems technology. In order to the interactive service becomes flourishing on the market, various types of interactive contents should be well provided prior to the service. In MPEG-4 Systems specification, broadcasting contents are described by the combination of a large number of nodes, routes and descriptors. In order to provide interactive data services through the T-DMB network, it is essential to have an interactive contents authoring system which allows contents authors to compose interactive contents easily and conveniently even if they lack any background on MPEG-4 Systems technology. The introduced authoring system provides powerful graphical user interface and produces interactive broadcasting contents in the forms of binary and textual format. Therefore, the interactive contents authoring system presented in this paper would vastly contribute to the flourishing interactive service.

Competency-based education: the essential basis of pre-service education for the professional midwifery workforce.

PubMed

Fullerton, Judith T; Thompson, Joyce B; Johnson, Peter

2013-10-01

many articles published in the decade since promulgation of the Millennium Development Goals have acknowledged the distinct advantages to maternal and newborn health outcomes that can be achieved as a result of expanding access to skilled birth attendant (including midwifery) services. However, these advantages are often predicated on the assumption that the midwifery workforce shares a common definition and identity. Regrettably, a clear delineation of midwifery competencies is rarely addressed. A core set of midwifery competencies is essential to providing the high quality services that lead to the desirable health outcomes described in that body of research. Attribution of improved outcomes to access to midwifery cannot be made without a common understanding of a defined set of services provided to standard by the midwifery workforce across the inter-conceptional and childbearing time frame. The International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) has developed a clear list of competencies that delineate the domains of practice for the fully qualified, professional midwife. These domains frame the educational outcomes that must be conveyed within competency-based education programmes. this article explores the concept of competency-based education for midwives; first exploring the concept of competency itself, then providing examples of what is already known about competency-based approaches to curriculum design, teacher preparation, teacher support and assessment of student learning. These concepts are linked to the ICM competencies as the unifying construct for education of individuals who share a common definition and identity as midwives. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

75 FR 22167 - Minnesota Disaster #MN-00024

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-27

.../19/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/18/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit...

76 FR 56861 - Virginia Disaster #VA-00038

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... Date: 09/03/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 11/02/2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3...

76 FR 45643 - Wyoming Disaster #WY-00017

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-29

.../2011. Effective Date: 07/22/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/20/2011. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere The number...

77 FR 67857 - New York Disaster # NY-00131

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-14

.../2012. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 01/02/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere The number...

75 FR 62896 - Arizona Disaster #AZ-00012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-13

...: Effective Date: 10/04/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/03/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

75 FR 11582 - West Virginia Disaster # WV-00015

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-11

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/02/2010. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2010, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere The number assigned to...

78 FR 56978 - Missouri Disaster #MO-00068

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/06/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file....875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 The number...

78 FR 28939 - Iowa Disaster #IA-00050

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-16

.../06/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/05/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the....875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere. 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

76 FR 56861 - Pennsylvania Disaster #PA-00043

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

.../2011. Effective Date: 09/03/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 11/02/2011. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 The number assigned to...

75 FR 14643 - Arizona Disaster #AZ-00011

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-26

.../17/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/20/2010. ADDRESSES: Submit... disaster declaration on 03/18/2010, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of... Available Elsewhere:.. 3.625 Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere: For Economic...

75 FR 11582 - IOWA Disaster # IA-00023

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-11

...: 03/02/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 05/03/2010 Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit...

76 FR 47286 - Minnesota Disaster #MN-00033

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-04

.../11/2011. Effective Date: 07/28/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/26/2011. Economic.../2011, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere: For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere: The...

78 FR 56979 - Karuk Tribe Disaster #CA-00211

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

.... Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 10/28/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date... provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the address... organizations without credit available elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-profit organizations without...

78 FR 61441 - Colorado Disaster #CO-00066

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-03

.../25/2013. Economic Injury (Eidl) Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/24/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit... disaster declaration on 09/24/2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of....875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 The number...

78 FR 73581 - Nebraska Disaster #NE-00055

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 08/26/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available 2...

76 FR 63700 - Delaware Disaster #DE-00010

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-13

...: 09/30/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 11/29/2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-profit Organizations without Credit...

78 FR 66983 - North Carolina Disaster #NC-00057

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-07

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/29/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere The number...

76 FR 20799 - Wisconsin Disaster #WI-00029

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-13

.../2011. Effective Date: 04/05/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/06/2011. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Available 3.000 Elsewhere: For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000...

76 FR 56853 - Massachusetts Disaster #MA-00040

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/05/2012. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2011, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Available Elsewhere... 3.250 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic...

76 FR 8802 - New Jersey Disaster #NJ-00019

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-15

.../2010. Effective Date: 02/04/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 04/05/2011. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan...-Profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere.. 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

78 FR 65745 - Kansas Disaster #KS-00075

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-01

.../23/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/22/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit... disaster declaration on 10/22/2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of... Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

78 FR 42147 - South Dakota Disaster #SD-00059

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-15

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 04/03/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

78 FR 62000 - Pennsylvania Disaster #PA-00065

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-10

.../02/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/01/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit... disaster declaration on 10/01/2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of... Elsewhere... 2.875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury...

78 FR 29425 - South Dakota Disaster #SD-00057

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-20

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 02/10/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Available Elsewhere... 2.875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic...

77 FR 67858 - Utah Disaster #UT-00021

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-14

.... Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 01/02/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date... provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the address... Without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit...

78 FR 48764 - Texas Disaster # TX-00413

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

.... Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 10/01/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date... provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the address... without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit...

7 CFR 1703.123 - Nonapproved purposes for grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RURAL DEVELOPMENT Distance Learning and Telemedicine Grant Program § 1703.123...) To pay for medical equipment not having telemedicine as its essential function; (3) To pay salaries... the applicant. (6) To duplicate facilities providing distance learning or telemedicine services in...

7 CFR 1703.123 - Nonapproved purposes for grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RURAL DEVELOPMENT Distance Learning and Telemedicine Grant Program § 1703.123...) To pay for medical equipment not having telemedicine as its essential function; (3) To pay salaries... the applicant. (6) To duplicate facilities providing distance learning or telemedicine services in...

7 CFR 1703.123 - Nonapproved purposes for grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RURAL DEVELOPMENT Distance Learning and Telemedicine Grant Program § 1703.123...) To pay for medical equipment not having telemedicine as its essential function; (3) To pay salaries... the applicant. (6) To duplicate facilities providing distance learning or telemedicine services in...

7 CFR 1703.123 - Nonapproved purposes for grants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RURAL DEVELOPMENT Distance Learning and Telemedicine Grant Program § 1703.123...) To pay for medical equipment not having telemedicine as its essential function; (3) To pay salaries... the applicant. (6) To duplicate facilities providing distance learning or telemedicine services in...

Performance of National Maps of Watershed Integrity at Watershed Scales

EPA Science Inventory

Watershed integrity, the capacity of a watershed to support and maintain ecological processes essential to the sustainability of services provided to society, can be influenced by a range of landscape and in-stream factors. Ecological response data from four intensively monitored...

Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies

PubMed Central

Power, Alison G.

2010-01-01

Agricultural ecosystems provide humans with food, forage, bioenergy and pharmaceuticals and are essential to human wellbeing. These systems rely on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems, including pollination, biological pest control, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, nutrient cycling and hydrological services. Preliminary assessments indicate that the value of these ecosystem services to agriculture is enormous and often underappreciated. Agroecosystems also produce a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulation of soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, support for biodiversity and cultural services. Depending on management practices, agriculture can also be the source of numerous disservices, including loss of wildlife habitat, nutrient runoff, sedimentation of waterways, greenhouse gas emissions, and pesticide poisoning of humans and non-target species. The tradeoffs that may occur between provisioning services and other ecosystem services and disservices should be evaluated in terms of spatial scale, temporal scale and reversibility. As more effective methods for valuing ecosystem services become available, the potential for ‘win–win’ scenarios increases. Under all scenarios, appropriate agricultural management practices are critical to realizing the benefits of ecosystem services and reducing disservices from agricultural activities. PMID:20713396

Developing a business-practice model for pharmacy services in ambulatory settings.

PubMed

Harris, Ila M; Baker, Ed; Berry, Tricia M; Halloran, Mary Ann; Lindauer, Kathleen; Ragucci, Kelly R; McGivney, Melissa Somma; Taylor, A Thomas; Haines, Stuart T

2008-02-01

A business-practice model is a guide, or toolkit, to assist managers and clinical pharmacy practitioners in the exploration, proposal, development and implementation of new clinical pharmacy services and/or the enhancement of existing services. This document was developed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Task Force on Ambulatory Practice to assist clinical pharmacy practitioners and administrators in the development of business-practice models for new and existing clinical pharmacy services in ambulatory settings. This document provides detailed instructions, examples, and resources on conducting a market assessment and a needs assessment, types of clinical services, operations, legal and regulatory issues, marketing and promotion, service development and exit plan, evaluation of service outcomes, and financial considerations in the development of a clinical pharmacy service in the ambulatory environment. Available literature is summarized, and an appendix provides valuable citations and resources. As ambulatory care practices continue to evolve, there will be increased knowledge of how to initiate and expand the services. This document is intended to serve as an essential resource to assist in the growth and development of clinical pharmacy services in the ambulatory environment.

The “empty void” is a crowded space: health service provision at the margins of fragile and conflict affected states

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Definitions of fragile states focus on state willingness and capacity to ensure security and provide essential services, including health. Conventional analyses and subsequent policies that focus on state-delivered essential services miss many developments in severely disrupted healthcare arenas. The research seeks to gain insights about the large sections of the health field left to evolve spontaneously by the absent or diminished state. Methods The study examined six diverse case studies: Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haïti, Palestine, and Somalia. A comprehensive documentary analysis was complemented by site visits in 2011–2012 and interviews with key informants. Results Despite differing histories, countries shared chronic disruption of health services, with limited state service provision, and low community expectations of quality of care. The space left by compromised or absent state-provided services is filled by multiple diverse actors. Health is commoditized, health services are heterogeneous and irregular, with public goods such as immunization and preventive services lagging behind curative ones. Health workers with disparate skills, and atypical health facilities proliferate. Health care absorbs large private expenditures, sustained by households, remittances, charitable and solidarity funding, and constitutes a substantial portion of the country economy. Pharmaceutical markets thrive. Trans-border healthcare provision is prominent in most studied settings, conferring regional and sometimes true globalized characteristics to these arenas. Conclusions We identify three distortions in the way the global development community has considered health service provision. The first distortion is the assumption that beyond the reach of state- and donor-sponsored services is a “void”, waiting to be filled. Our analysis suggests that the opposite is the case. The second distortion relates to the inadequacy of the usual binary categories structuring conventional health system analyses, when applied to these contexts. The third distortion reflects the failure of the global development community to recognise—or engage—the emergent networks of health providers. To effectively harness the service provision currently available in this crowded space, development actors need to adapt their current approaches, engage non-state providers, and support local capacity and governance, particularly grassroots social institutions with a public-good orientation. PMID:25349625

Provision of Prosthetic Services Following Lower Limb Amputation in Malaysia

PubMed Central

Arifin, Nooranida; Hasbollah, Hasif Rafidee; Hanafi, Muhammad Hafiz; Ibrahim, Al Hafiz; Rahman, Wan Afezah Wan Abdul; Aziz, Roslizawati Che

2017-01-01

The incidence of lower limb amputation is high across the globe and continues to be a major threat to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the provision of high quality and effective prosthetics services have been known as an essential component for a successful rehabilitation outcome. In Malaysia, amputation prevalence has been increasing in which several main components of service delivering aspects (such as service intervention, prosthetic personnel) should be anticipated to accommodate for the increasing demand. This article highlights the hurdles experienced in providing prosthetic services in Malaysia from multiple aspects such as financial burden to acquire the prosthesis and lack of expertise to produce quality prosthesis. This paramount issues consequently justify for the urgency to carry out national level survey on the current statistics of lower limb amputation and to ascertain the available workforce to provide a quality prosthetics services. Only with accurate and current information from the national survey, strategies and policies aimed at enhancing the outcome from prosthetics services can be achieved. PMID:29386978

Provision of Prosthetic Services Following Lower Limb Amputation in Malaysia.

PubMed

Arifin, Nooranida; Hasbollah, Hasif Rafidee; Hanafi, Muhammad Hafiz; Ibrahim, Al Hafiz; Rahman, Wan Afezah Wan Abdul; Aziz, Roslizawati Che

2017-10-01

The incidence of lower limb amputation is high across the globe and continues to be a major threat to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the provision of high quality and effective prosthetics services have been known as an essential component for a successful rehabilitation outcome. In Malaysia, amputation prevalence has been increasing in which several main components of service delivering aspects (such as service intervention, prosthetic personnel) should be anticipated to accommodate for the increasing demand. This article highlights the hurdles experienced in providing prosthetic services in Malaysia from multiple aspects such as financial burden to acquire the prosthesis and lack of expertise to produce quality prosthesis. This paramount issues consequently justify for the urgency to carry out national level survey on the current statistics of lower limb amputation and to ascertain the available workforce to provide a quality prosthetics services. Only with accurate and current information from the national survey, strategies and policies aimed at enhancing the outcome from prosthetics services can be achieved.

Balancing adequacy and affordability?: Essential Health Benefits under the Affordable Care Act.

PubMed

Haeder, Simon F

2014-12-01

The Essential Health Benefits provisions under the Affordable Care Act require that eligible plans provide coverage for certain broadly defined service categories, limit consumer cost-sharing, and meet certain actuarial value requirements. Although the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) was tasked with the regulatory development of these EHB under the ACA, the department quickly devolved this task to the states. Not surprisingly, states fully exploited the leeway provided by HHS, and state decision processes and outcomes differed widely. However, none of the states took advantage of the opportunity to restructure fundamentally their health insurance markets, and only a very limited number of states actually included sophisticated policy expertise in their decisionmaking processes. As a result, and despite a major expansion of coverage, the status quo ex ante in state insurance markets was largely perpetuated. Decisionmaking for the 2016 revisions should be transparent, included a wide variety of stakeholders and policy experts, and focus on balancing adequacy and affordability. However, the 2016 revisions provide an opportunity to address these previous shortcomings. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improving data discoverability, accessibility, and interoperability with the Esri ArcGIS Platform at the NASA Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC).

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tisdale, M.

2017-12-01

NASA's Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) is operationally using the Esri ArcGIS Platform to improve data discoverability, accessibility and interoperability to meet the diversifying user requirements from government, private, public and academic communities. The ASDC is actively working to provide their mission essential datasets as ArcGIS Image Services, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Mapping Services (WMS), and OGC Web Coverage Services (WCS) while leveraging the ArcGIS multidimensional mosaic dataset structure. Science teams at ASDC are utilizing these services through the development of applications using the Web AppBuilder for ArcGIS and the ArcGIS API for Javascript. These services provide greater exposure of ASDC data holdings to the GIS community and allow for broader sharing and distribution to various end users. These capabilities provide interactive visualization tools and improved geospatial analytical tools for a mission critical understanding in the areas of the earth's radiation budget, clouds, aerosols, and tropospheric chemistry. The presentation will cover how the ASDC is developing geospatial web services and applications to improve data discoverability, accessibility, and interoperability.

AVC/H.264 patent portfolio license

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horn, Lawrence A.

2004-11-01

MPEG LA, LLC recently announced terms of a joint patent license for the AVC (a/k/a H.264) Standard (ISO/IEC IS 14496-10: Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual objects -- Part 10: Advanced Video Coding | ITU-T Rec. H.264: Series H: Audiovisual and Multimedia Systems: Infrastructure of audiovisual services -- Coding of moving video: Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services). Like MPEG LA"s other licenses, the AVC Patent Portfolio License is offered for the convenience of the marketplace as an alternative enabling users to access essential intellectual property owned by many patent holders under a single license rather than negotiating licenses with each of them individually. The AVC Patent Portfolio License includes essential patents owned by Columbia Innovation Enterprises; Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI); France Télécom, société anonyme; Fujitsu Limited; Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.; Microsoft Corporation; Mitsubishi Electric Corporation; Robert Bosch GmbH; Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.; Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha; Sony Corporation; Toshiba Corporation; and Victor Company of Japan, Limited. MPEG LA"s objective is to provide worldwide access to as much AVC essential intellectual property as possible for the benefit of AVC users. Therefore, any party that believes it has essential patents is welcome to submit them for evaluation of their essentiality and inclusion in the License if found essential.

Youth perceptions of comprehensive adolescent health services through the Boston HAPPENS program.

PubMed

Rosenfeld, S L; Keenan, P M; Fox, D J; Chase, L H; Melchiono, M W; Woods, E R

2000-01-01

The Boston HAPPENS (HIV Adolescent Provider and Peer Education Network for Services) program is a collaborative network of care made up of 8 organizations that serve youth and provide coordinated care for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, homeless, and at-risk youth aged 12 to 24 years. Learning youth perceptions about the program is essential to determine if the program is meeting their needs. In this qualitative evaluation, 18 youth served by the network met in 4 focus groups to provide their view of the program. Services within 5 categories were assessed: (a) medical care, (b) mental health and substance abuse care, (c) HIV prevention and care, (d) case management, and (e) allocation of finances. Boston HAPPENS has achieved name recognition and provides many needed services for youth from a wide variety of backgrounds. The youth were comfortable receiving care and were appreciative of the comprehensive services available. They provided suggestions for how mental health services could be offered as one-on-one counseling as part of "wellness care." Young participants also requested more recreational and support opportunities for young people living with HIV. Qualitative evaluations such as this give a voice to youth to advocate for services they need. By including youth ideas and perspectives during program development and implementation, services can be more attractive to groups of at-risk youth who historically have been less likely to seek care.

Providers of antenatal care services in Ghana: evidence from Ghana demographic and health surveys 1988-2014.

PubMed

Dickson, Kwamena Sekyi; Darteh, Eugene Kofuor Maafo; Kumi-Kyereme, Akwasi

2017-03-14

Antenatal care is one of the three most essential care - antenatal, delivery and post-natal, given to women during pregnancy and has the potential to contribute towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.1- reducing the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 and target 3.8 - achieve universal health coverage. The main objective is to examine the contribution of the various providers of antenatal care services in Ghana from 1988 to 2014. The study uses data from all the six rounds of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). Binary logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between background characteristics of respondents and providers of antenatal care services. The results show that majority of antenatal care services were provided by nurses over the period under review. The proportion of women who received antenatal care services from nurses improved over the period from 55% in 1988 to 89.5% in 2014. Moreover, there was a decline in antenatal care services provided by traditional birth attendants and women who did not receive antenatal care services from any service provider over the years under review. It was observed that women from rural areas were more likely to utilise antenatal care services provided by traditional birth attendants, whilst those from urban areas were more likely to utilise antenatal care from doctors and nurses. To further improve access to and utilisation of antenatal care services provided by nurses and doctors it is recommended that the Ghana Health Service and the Ministry of Health should put in place systems aimed at improving on the quality of care given such as regular training workshops for health personnel and assessment of patient's satisfaction with services provided. Also, they should encourage women in rural areas especially those from the savannah zone to utilise antenatal care services from skilled providers through social and behaviour change communication campaigns.

School Libraries Are Essential: Meeting the Virtual Access and Collaboration Needs of the 21st-Century Learner and Teacher

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Darrow, Rob

2009-01-01

School librarians have excelled in providing a physical library space that is welcoming, making sure students have an inviting space to access print and digital materials, and developing collections that provide access for all ages of students. In the physical library space services such as collaborating with teachers and consulting with students…

A Resource Planning Analysis of District Hospital Surgical Services in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

PubMed Central

Sion, Melanie; Rajan, Dheepa; Kalambay, Hyppolite; Lokonga, Jean-Pierre; Bulakali, Joseph; Mossoko, Mathias; Kwete, Dieudonne; Schmets, Gerard; Kelley, Edward; Elongo, Tarcisse; Sambo, Luis; Cherian, Meena

2015-01-01

Abstract Background: The impact of surgical conditions on global health, particularly on vulnerable populations, is gaining recognition. However, only 3.5% of the 234.2 million cases per year of major surgery are performed in countries where the world's poorest third reside, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: Data on the availability of anesthesia and surgical services were gathered from 12 DRC district hospitals using the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Situation Analysis Tool. We complemented these data with an analysis of the costs of surgical services in a Congolese norms-based district hospital as well as in 2 of the 12 hospitals in which we conducted the situational analysis (Demba and Kabare District Hospitals). For the cost analysis, we used WHO's integrated Healthcare Technology Package tool. Results: Of the 32 surgical interventions surveyed, only 2 of the 12 hospitals provided all essential services. The deficits in procedures varied from no deficits to 17 services that could not be provided, with an average of 7 essential procedures unavailable. Many of the hospitals did not have basic infrastructure such as running water and electricity; 9 of 12 had no or interrupted water and 7 of 12 had no or interrupted electricity. On average, 21% of lifesaving surgical interventions were absent from the facilities, compared with the model normative hospital. According to the normative hospital, all surgical services would cost US$2.17 per inhabitant per year, representing 33.3% of the total patient caseload but only 18.3% of the total district hospital operating budget. At Demba Hospital, the operating budget required for surgical interventions was US$0.08 per inhabitant per year, and at Kabare Hospital, US$0.69 per inhabitant per year. Conclusion: A significant portion of the health problems addressed at Congolese district hospitals is surgical in nature, but there is a current inability to meet this surgical need. The deficient services and substandard capacity in the surveyed district hospitals are systemic in nature, representing infrastructure, supply, equipment, and human resource constraints. Yet surgical services are affordable and represent a minor portion of the total operating budget. Greater emphasis should be made to appropriately fund district hospitals to meet the need for lifesaving surgical services. PMID:25745120

The role of complaint management in the service recovery process.

PubMed

Bendall-Lyon, D; Powers, T L

2001-05-01

Patient satisfaction and retention can be influenced by the development of an effective service recovery program that can identify complaints and remedy failure points in the service system. Patient complaints provide organizations with an opportunity to resolve unsatisfactory situations and to track complaint data for quality improvement purposes. Service recovery is an important and effective customer retention tool. One way an organization can ensure repeat business is by developing a strong customer service program that includes service recovery as an essential component. The concept of service recovery involves the service provider taking responsive action to "recover" lost or dissatisfied customers and convert them into satisfied customers. Service recovery has proven to be cost-effective in other service industries. The complaint management process involves six steps that organizations can use to influence effective service recovery: (1) encourage complaints as a quality improvement tool; (2) establish a team of representatives to handle complaints; (3) resolve customer problems quickly and effectively; (4) develop a complaint database; (5) commit to identifying failure points in the service system; and (6) track trends and use information to improve service processes. Customer retention is enhanced when an organization can reclaim disgruntled patients through the development of effective service recovery programs. Health care organizations can become more customer oriented by taking advantage of the information provided by patient complaints, increasing patient satisfaction and retention in the process.

76 FR 42155 - Vermont Disaster #VT-00020

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-18

.... Effective Date: 07/08/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/06/2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit...

76 FR 56860 - North Carolina Disaster #NC-00037

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

.... DATES: Effective Date: 09/01/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 10/31/2011. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere The number...

77 FR 67859 - New Jersey Disaster #NJ-00034

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-14

.../05/2012. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 01/04/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the.... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000. Elsewhere The number...

76 FR 56863 - Vermont Disaster #VT-00022

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... Date: 09/01/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 10/31/2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

78 FR 20370 - Maine Disaster # ME-00035

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

.../2013. Effective Date: 03/25/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 05/24/2013. Economic Injury... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the....875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

77 FR 530 - Alaska Disaster # AK-00022

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-05

... Effective Date: 12/22/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 02/21/2012. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available...

78 FR 69516 - North Dakota Disaster #ND-00040

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-19

.../2013. Effective Date: 10/31/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/30/2013. Economic injury.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere The number...

75 FR 11583 - District of Columbia Disaster #DC-00001

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-11

.... Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/03/2010 ADDRESSES: Submit completed loan.../2010, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Available Elsewhere... 3.625 Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic...

75 FR 25305 - Mississippi Disaster #MS-00036

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-07

.../24/2010. Effective Date: 04/29/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/28/2010. Economic..., Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster..... 3.625 Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non...

75 FR 19666 - Rhode Island Disaster #RI-00007

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-15

... continuing. Effective Date: 04/08/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/07/2010. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Available Elsewhere... 3.625 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic...

78 FR 20370 - Connecticut Disaster # CT-00031

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-04

.../2013. Effective Date: 03/21/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 05/20/2013. Economic Injury... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Economic Injury: Non-profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 The number assigned to...

78 FR 28939 - Minnesota Disaster #MN-00049

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-16

... Date: 05/03/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/02/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Elsewhere.... 2.875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere. 2.875 For Economic Injury...

77 FR 44306 - New Jersey Disaster #NJ-00032

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-27

... Date: 07/19/2012. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/17/2012. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

78 FR 66982 - New Mexico Disaster #NM-00035

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-07

.../22/2013. Effective Date: 10/29/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/30/2013. Economic.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere The number...

77 FR 47489 - Virginia Disaster #VA-00048

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-08

.../2012. DATES: Effective Date: 07/27/2012. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/25/2012. Economic.../2012, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3...

78 FR 42147 - Iowa Disaster #IA-00054

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-15

.... Effective Date: 07/02/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/03/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875...

76 FR 29810 - North Dakota Disaster #ND-00025

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-23

... continuing. Effective Date: 05/10/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/11/2011. Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 The...

78 FR 61999 - New Mexico Disaster #NM-00037

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-10

.... Effective Date: 09/30/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 11/29/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... organizations without credit available elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-profit organizations without...

76 FR 42155 - Arkansas Disaster #AR-00051

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-18

.../2011. Effective Date: 07/08/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/06/2011. Economic Injury..., Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster... Available Elsewhere... 3.250 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic...

78 FR 42147 - Oklahoma Disaster #OK-00073

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-15

.../2013. Effective Date: 06/28/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 08/27/2013. Economic Injury... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the.... 2.875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non...

78 FR 56979 - Arkansas Disaster # AR-00065

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-16

.... Effective Date: 09/04/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 11/04/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the...... 2.875 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non...

76 FR 56854 - Connecticut Disaster #CT-00023

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

...: Effective Date: 09/02/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 11/01/2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Available 3.000 Elsewhere: For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000...

Examining effects of sea level rise and marsh crabs on Spartina patens using mesocosms

EPA Science Inventory

Coastal salt marshes provide essential ecosystem services but face increasing threats from habitat loss, eutrophication, changing precipitation patterns, and accelerating rates of sea level rise (SLR). Recent studies have suggested that herbivory and burrowing by native salt mars...

Textile & Apparel Production, Management, and Services: Curriculum Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Killman, Letitia

This curriculum guide contains materials for a course that provides occupationally specific training designed to develop knowledge and skills for employment in the textile and apparel industries. Contents include an introduction; the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) covered; sample course outlines; instructional strategies organized…

78 FR 48764 - New Hampshire Disaster # NH-00026

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

.../2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan Application Deadline Date: 05/02/2014. ADDRESSES: Submit completed... on 08/02/2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental... elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-profit organizations without credit available elsewhere 2.875 The...

78 FR 67210 - Santa Clara Pueblo Disaster #NM-00038

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-08

.../2013 Effective Date: 10/29/2013 Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/30/2013 Economic Injury...- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan... Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 2.875 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

78 FR 48763 - Florida Disaster #FL-00090

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

.... Effective Date: 08/02/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 10/01/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

78 FR 48763 - Vermont Disaster #VT-00027

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

.... Effective Date: 08/02/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 10/01/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere The number assigned to...

Aging Water Infrastructure Research Program Innovation & Research for the 21st Century

EPA Science Inventory

The U.S. infrastructure is critical for providing essential services: protect public health and the environment and support and sustain our economy. Significant investment in water infrastructure: over 16,000 WWTPs serving 190 million people; about 54,000 community water syste...

Seeing Public Engagement Differently

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willis, Jason

2010-01-01

The economic recession has had a profound effect on the ability of state and local governments to provide essential services to their communities--especially education. Stories about increased class sizes, personnel layoffs, and dwindling support for programs outside core classroom instruction have flooded newspapers around the country. Despite…

45 CFR 156.155 - Enrollment in catastrophic plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 156.155 Public Welfare Department of Health and Human Services REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS RELATED TO...(d) of the Affordable Care Act. (3) Provides coverage of the essential health benefits under section...

45 CFR 156.155 - Enrollment in catastrophic plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 156.155 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS RELATED TO...(d) of the Affordable Care Act. (3) Provides coverage of the essential health benefits under section...

48 CFR 237.7601 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... provided by a firm or individual under contract to DoD to support mission-essential functions, such as support of vital systems, including ships owned, leased, or operated in support of military missions or roles at sea; associated support activities, including installation, garrison, and base support services...

Managing an Uncontrolled Vocabulary Ex Post Factor

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lefever, Maureen; And Others

1972-01-01

The operational retrospective retrieval service offered by BIOSIS exploits a file created essentially without vocabulary control. A pragmatic program of file building criteria has been persued which has provided improved retrieval and an annual summary of the vocabulary of the literature. (11 references) (Author/KE)

Legal issues in clouds: towards a risk inventory.

PubMed

Djemame, Karim; Barnitzke, Benno; Corrales, Marcelo; Kiran, Mariam; Jiang, Ming; Armstrong, Django; Forgó, Nikolaus; Nwankwo, Iheanyi

2013-01-28

Cloud computing technologies have reached a high level of development, yet a number of obstacles still exist that must be overcome before widespread commercial adoption can become a reality. In a cloud environment, end users requesting services and cloud providers negotiate service-level agreements (SLAs) that provide explicit statements of all expectations and obligations of the participants. If cloud computing is to experience widespread commercial adoption, then incorporating risk assessment techniques is essential during SLA negotiation and service operation. This article focuses on the legal issues surrounding risk assessment in cloud computing. Specifically, it analyses risk regarding data protection and security, and presents the requirements of an inherent risk inventory. The usefulness of such a risk inventory is described in the context of the OPTIMIS project.

The Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program: a public health framework.

PubMed

O'Connell, James J; Oppenheimer, Sarah C; Judge, Christine M; Taube, Robert L; Blanchfield, Bonnie B; Swain, Stacy E; Koh, Howard K

2010-08-01

During the past 25 years, the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program has evolved into a service model embodying the core functions and essential services of public health. Each year the program provides integrated medical, behavioral, and oral health care, as well as preventive services, to more than 11 000 homeless people. Services are delivered in clinics located in 2 teaching hospitals, 80 shelters and soup kitchens, and an innovative 104-bed medical respite unit. We explain the program's principles of care, describe the public health framework that undergirds the program, and offer lessons for the elimination of health disparities suffered by this vulnerable population.

Outsourcing in the Italian National Health Service: findings from a national survey.

PubMed

Macinati, Manuela S

2008-01-01

Over the last decade, outsourcing has become one of the major issues in health care. Two major concerns are related to public health care outsourcing practice. The first one involves the suitability of the outsourcing strategy in the public sector, principally with reference to the outsourcing of essential clinical services. The second one relates to the actual benefits of the outsourcing practice in health care, in terms of cost reduction and increasing efficiency. This paper aims to contribute to the debate and literature on outsourcing through a national survey carried out in the Italian National Health Service. In order to achieve the research objective, a questionnaire was developed and, after a pilot test, it was mailed to all Italian public providers. The total response rate was around 42%. Results showed that outsourcing is a widespread phenomenon within health care, especially in the ancillary services area. Moreover, results showed many criticalities of the outsourcing practice in the Italian health-care sector. On the one hand, criticalities concerned the reasons for outsourcing, the characteristics of the outsourced services and the management of the relationship with the vendor. With reference to essential clinical service, outsourcing, as currently managed by health-care providers, may potentially weaken their ability to reach its own objectives. On the other hand, criticalities related to respondent-perceived benefits. Despite the overall positive outsourcing experience expressed in the survey, the results on perceived benefits showed that the effects of outsourcing did not always align to managers' expectations, especially in the cost containment and efficiency area.

Quality pharmacy services and key performance indicators in Polish NICUs: a Delphi approach.

PubMed

Krzyżaniak, Natalia; Pawłowska, Iga; Bajorek, Beata

2018-03-31

Background Currently, there is no literature describing what a quality level of practice entails in Polish neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), nor are there any means of currently measuring the quality of pharmaceutical care provided to NICU patients. Objective To identify a set of essential pharmacist roles and pharmacy-relevant key performance indicators (KPI's) suitable for Polish neonatal intensive units (NICUs). Setting Polish hospital pharmacies and NICUs. Method Using a modified Delphi technique, potential KPI's structured along Donabedian's domains as well as pharmacy services were presented to an expert panel of stakeholders. Two online, consecutive Delphi rounds, were completed by panellists between August and September 2017. Main outcome measure To identify the minimum level of pharmacy services that should be consistently provided to NICU patients. Results A total of 16 panellists contributed to the expert panel. Overall, consensus of 75% was reached for 23 indicators and for 28 roles. When considering pharmacy services for the NICU, the experts were found to highly value traditional pharmacy roles, such as dispensing and extemporaneous compounding, however, they were still eager for roles in the other domains, such as educational and clinical services, to be listed as essential for NICU practice. Panellists were found to positively value the list of indicators presented, and excluded only 9 out of the total list. Conclusion There is a need for future research to establish a minimum standard of practice for Polish pharmacists to encourage the progression and standardisation of hospital pharmacy services to meet the level of practice seen in NICUs worldwide.

49 CFR 1180.7 - Market analyses.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... respect to freight surface transportation in the regions affected and on the provision of essential... statutory criteria (49 U.S.C. 11324(b) or (d)), essential services, and competition. Applicants must... provision of essential services (including freight, passenger, and commuter) by applicants and other network...

Position of the American Dietetic Association, Society for Nutrition Education, and American School Food Service Association--Nutrition services: an essential component of comprehensive school health programs.

PubMed

Briggs, Marilyn; Safaii, SeAnne; Beall, Deborah Lane

2003-04-01

It is the position of the American Dietetic Association (ADA), the Society for Nutrition Education (SNE), and the American School Food Service Association (ASFSA) that comprehensive nutrition services must be provided to all of the nation's preschool through grade twelve students. These nutrition services shall be integrated with a coordinated, comprehensive school health program and implemented through a school nutrition policy. The policy should link comprehensive, sequential nutrition education; access to and promotion of child nutrition programs providing nutritious meals and snacks in the school environment; and family, community, and health services' partnerships supporting positive health outcomes for all children. Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is directly attributed to physical inactivity and diet. Schools can play a key role in reversing this trend through coordinated nutrition services that promote policies linking comprehensive, sequential nutrition education programs, access to and marketing of child nutrition programs, a school environment that models healthy food choices, and community partnerships. This position paper provides information and resources for nutrition professionals to use in developing and supporting comprehensive school health programs. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103:505-514.

Developing a Business Plan for Critical Care Pharmacy Services

PubMed Central

Erstad, Brian L.; Mann, Henry J.; Weber, Robert J.

2016-01-01

Critical care medicine has grown from a small group of physicians participating in patient care rounds in surgical and medical intensive care units (ICUs) to a highly technical, interdisciplinary team. Pharmacy's growth in the area of critical care is as exponential. Today's ICU requires a comprehensive pharmaceutical service that includes both operational and clinical services to meet patient medication needs. This article provides the elements for a business plan to justify critical care pharmacy services by describing the pertinent background and benefit of ICU pharmacy services, detailing a current assessment of ICU pharmacy services, listing the essential ICU pharmacy services, describing service metrics, and delineating an appropriate timeline for implementing an ICU pharmacy service. The structure and approach of this business plan can be applied to a variety of pharmacy services. By following the format and information listed in this article, the pharmacy director can move closer to developing patient-centered pharmacy services for ICU patients. PMID:27928193

Developing a Business Plan for Critical Care Pharmacy Services.

PubMed

Erstad, Brian L; Mann, Henry J; Weber, Robert J

2016-11-01

Critical care medicine has grown from a small group of physicians participating in patient care rounds in surgical and medical intensive care units (ICUs) to a highly technical, interdisciplinary team. Pharmacy's growth in the area of critical care is as exponential. Today's ICU requires a comprehensive pharmaceutical service that includes both operational and clinical services to meet patient medication needs. This article provides the elements for a business plan to justify critical care pharmacy services by describing the pertinent background and benefit of ICU pharmacy services, detailing a current assessment of ICU pharmacy services, listing the essential ICU pharmacy services, describing service metrics, and delineating an appropriate timeline for implementing an ICU pharmacy service. The structure and approach of this business plan can be applied to a variety of pharmacy services. By following the format and information listed in this article, the pharmacy director can move closer to developing patient-centered pharmacy services for ICU patients.

Value-added service in health care institutions.

PubMed

Umiker, W

1996-12-01

In today's highly competitive atmosphere, the survival of health care institutions depends largely on the ability to provide value-added services (VAS) at the lowest possible cost. Managers must identify their customers and delineate the needs and expectation of those customers. A strategy for satisfying these needs and expectations is essential. While technical advances and reasonable charges are important, a successful "high-tech," "high touch" approach demands the combination of process reengineering and employee training in customer relations.

Military Personnel: Enhanced Collaboration and Process Improvements Needed for Determining Military Treatment Facility Medical Personnel Requirements

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

Department of Defense (DOD) are in great demand due to projected nationwide medical personnel shortages over the next decade and are essential to...for the first year, in order to assist the services in addressing near- term personnel shortages . It also provides a consistent staffing standard...dentists, medical service corps, and veterinarians , to name a few, at the work center level across Army fixed military treatment facilities. The model uses

Rural Productivity Zones (RPZs) for microenterprises

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hansen, R.D.

1997-12-01

In this paper the authors discuss the concept of rural productivity zones (RPZs) which are defined as a business incubator to foster income-producing opportunities for the rural poor. The essential ingredients of such a program include: electric power; business development assistance; office services; and quality work space. The electric power source must be a good quality system, consisting of a diesel/wind/photovoltaic hybrid type system, providing reliable service, with a local maintenance program and a functional load management program.

76 FR 46350 - Kentucky Disaster #KY-00043

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-02

... 06/23/2011. Effective Date: 07/25/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/23/2011. Economic.../2011, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere. 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere. 3.000 The...

75 FR 65391 - Minnesota Disaster #MN-00028

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-22

.... Effective Date: 10/13/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/13/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the....000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 The number...

76 FR 45645 - New Hampshire Disaster #NH-00018

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-29

... 05/30/2011. Effective Date: 07/22/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 09/20/2011. Economic.../2011, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere:... 3.250 Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available Elsewhere: 3.000 For Economic Injury...

78 FR 66982 - Santa Clara Pueblo Disaster #NM-00039

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-07

.../16/2013. Effective Date: 10/29/2013. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/30/2013. Economic.../2013, Private Non- Profit organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file... Elsewhere. 2.875 Non-Profit Organizations without Credit Available 2.875 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non...

77 FR 67857 - Rhode Island Disaster #RI-00011

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-14

.... Effective Date: 11/03/2012. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 01/02/2013. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the....125 Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit...

75 FR 65391 - New York Disaster #NY-00093

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-22

.... Effective Date: 10/14/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 12/13/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without...

75 FR 18553 - New Jersey Disaster # NJ-00016

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-12

.... Effective Date: 04/02/2010. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 06/01/2010. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Elsewhere For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available 3.000 Elsewhere The number...

46 CFR 252.2 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... United States shall have a merchant marine (a) sufficient to carry its domestic water-borne commerce and a substantial portion of the water-borne export and import foreign commerce of the United States and to provide shipping service essential for maintaining the flow of such domestic and foreign water...

46 CFR 252.2 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... United States shall have a merchant marine (a) sufficient to carry its domestic water-borne commerce and a substantial portion of the water-borne export and import foreign commerce of the United States and to provide shipping service essential for maintaining the flow of such domestic and foreign water...

14 CFR 271.6 - Profit element.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Profit element. 271.6 Section 271.6 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC... element. The reasonable return for a carrier for providing essential air service at an eligible place...

14 CFR 271.6 - Profit element.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Profit element. 271.6 Section 271.6 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC... element. The reasonable return for a carrier for providing essential air service at an eligible place...

14 CFR 271.6 - Profit element.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Profit element. 271.6 Section 271.6 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC... element. The reasonable return for a carrier for providing essential air service at an eligible place...

14 CFR 271.6 - Profit element.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Profit element. 271.6 Section 271.6 Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC... element. The reasonable return for a carrier for providing essential air service at an eligible place...

Guide for Resurfacing, Restoration and Rehabilitation of Highways and Streets (Other than Freeways)

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-04-01

The primary purpose of R-R-R projects is to provide a better riding surface, enhance safety, : improve operating conditions, and to preserve and extend the service life of existing non-freeway : facilities. Highway safety is an essential element of R...

42 CFR 440.345 - EPSDT and other required benefits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... must include coverage for family planning services and supplies. (c) Mental health parity. Alternative Benefit Plans that provide both medical and surgical benefits, and mental health or substance use disorder benefits, must comply with the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act. (d) Essential health benefits...

Promoting School-Wide Mental Health

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trussell, Robert P.

2008-01-01

Although schools are not traditionally designed to provide intensive mental health services to children, they are in a position to create systems that foster mental health. By creating school-wide systems in which students are academically, behaviorally and socially successful, schools can integrate those essential protective factors shown to…

Homeless youth: Barriers and facilitators for service referrals.

PubMed

Black, Emma B; Fedyszyn, Izabela E; Mildred, Helen; Perkin, Rhianna; Lough, Richard; Brann, Peter; Ritter, Cheryl

2018-06-01

Young people who are homeless and experiencing mental health issues are reluctant to use relevant services for numerous reasons. Youth are also at risk of disengaging from services at times of referral to additional or alternative services. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators for inter-service referrals for homeless youth with mental health issues who have already engaged with a service. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with homeless youth (n = 10), homelessness support workers (n = 10), and mental health clinicians (n = 10). Barriers included: resource shortages; programs or services having inflexible entry criteria; complexity of service systems; homeless youth feeling devalued; and a lack of communication between services, for example, abrupt referrals with no follow up. Referral facilitators included: services providers offering friendly and client-centred support; supported referrals; awareness of other services; and collaboration between services. Relationships with service providers and inter-service collaboration appeared essential for successful referrals for homeless youth. These facilitating factors may be undermined by sector separation and siloing, as well as resource shortages in both the homelessness and mental health sectors. Service transitions may be conceptualised as a genuine service outcome for homeless youth, and as a basis for successful future service provision. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Developing the public health workforce: training and recognizing specialists in public health from backgrounds other than medicine: experience in the UK.

PubMed

Gray, Selena F; Evans, David

2018-01-01

There is increasing recognition that improving health and tackling inequalities requires a strong public health workforce capable of delivering key public health functions across systems. The World Health Organization in Europe has identified securing the delivery of the Essential Public Health Operations and strengthening public health capacities within this as a priority.It is acknowledged that current public health capacities and arrangements of public health services vary considerably across the World Health Organization in European Region, and investment in multidisciplinary workforce with new skills is essential if public health services are to be delivered. This paper describes the current situation in the UK where there are nationally funded multidisciplinary programmes for training senior public health specialists. Uniquely, the UK provides public health registration for multidisciplinary as well as medical public health specialists. The transition from a predominantly medical to a multidisciplinary public health specialist workforce over a relatively short timescale is unprecedented globally and was the product of a sustained period of grass roots activism aligned with national policy innovation. the UK experience might provide a model for other countries seeking to develop public health specialist workforce capacity in line with the Essential Public Health Operations.

Ecosystem-Based Management and the Sustainable Delivery of Marine Ecosystem Services

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fogarty, M.; Schwing, F. B.

2016-12-01

Ecosystem-Based Management can provide an essential framework for the sustainable delivery of a broad spectrum of marine Ecosystem Services (ES) essential to human well being. Key elements of the approach involve the specification of clearly articulated goals for EBM; the development of an accompanying Marine Ecosystem Services Assessment (MESA) designed to evaluate the status of delivery of these services; and strategies for the implementation of management options designed to achieve the stated goals of the program. The specification of goals is the purview of managers. In the United States under the provisions of the National Ocean Policy, Regional Planning Bodies are charged with the responsibility of articulating goals and developing strategies to meet these goals. Government agencies, in concert with the broader scientific community, hold the responsibility for assessing the status of the delivery of ecosystem services in relation to designated objectives and advising on appropriate management strategies. In this presentation, I will illustrate the specification of a MESA for the Northwest U.S Continental Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem (NES LME). The approach focuses on the evaluation of ES indicators and additional metrics related to threats and impacts to the sustainable delivery of these services. Results are combined into an overall index of status of the NES LME.

CrossTalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering. Volume 21, Number 3

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

describes essentials for requirements development and management. In addi- tion to providing training, eLearning and consulting services, she speaks at and...information, support sense- making, enable collaborative decision making, and effect changes in the physical environment. For example, the Global ...across layers, which enables effective use of resources and helps enforce security and confiden- tiality policies. Global Data Space DDS provides a

Expanding the Scope of High-Performance Computing Facilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Uram, Thomas D.; Papka, Michael E.

The high-performance computing centers of the future will expand their roles as service providers, and as the machines scale up, so should the sizes of the communities they serve. National facilities must cultivate their users as much as they focus on operating machines reliably. The authors present five interrelated topic areas that are essential to expanding the value provided to those performing computational science.

Interpersonal relations between health care workers and young clients: barriers to accessing sexual and reproductive health care.

PubMed

Alli, Farzana; Maharaj, Pranitha; Vawda, Mohammed Yacoob

2013-02-01

Interpersonal relations between health care providers and young clients have long being cited as an important element for improving client up take of services, satisfaction and overall health outcomes. In an era of HIV and AIDS this forms a critical determinant to young people accessing sexual and reproductive health care. This study explores to what extent interpersonal relations form a barrier to young peoples access to and satisfaction of health services. The study draws on data from 200 client exit interviews and four in-depth interviews conducted with university students and university health care staff in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. While young people are aware of the importance of utilising STI, HIV and family planning services they experienced barriers in their relationship with providers. This served as a deterrent to their use of the health facility. Adequate training in interpersonal relations for youth-friendly service provision is essential in helping overcome communication problems and enabling providers to interact with young clients at a more personal level.

Satisfaction of village doctors with the township and village health services integration policy in the western minority-inhabited areas of China.

PubMed

Feng, Da; Zhang, Liang; Xiang, Yuan-Xi; Zhang, Dong-Lan; Wang, Ruo-Xi; Tang, Shang-Feng; Fu, Hang; Li, Bo-Yang

2017-02-01

Township and Village Health Services Integration Management (TVHSIM) is an essential form of China's two-tiered health service integration plan at the township and village level. Its main purpose, also one of the target goals in China's new healthcare reform, is to gradually integrate rural health services and appropriately allocate rural health resources. This study aims to assess the village doctors' satisfaction with the TVHSIM and provide scientific base to further improve TVHSIM. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which 162 village doctors from Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang in western China were interviewed. Descriptive analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Spearman rank correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the difference and relevance between village doctors' personal characteristics and their satisfaction with TVHSIM and six subscales. Village doctors with different years of practice, social insurance status and essential medical knowledge level showed statistically significant differences in their satisfaction levels (all P<0.05). Age (P<0.05) and years of practice (P<0.01) were negatively correlated with Drug and Medical Device Management and Financing Management. Essential medical knowledge level (P<0.05) was negatively correlated with Operations Management as well. However, social insurance status (P<0.05) was positively correlated with Human Resources Management and Drug and Medical Device management. Gender, age and years of practice respectively had significant influence on village doctors' satisfaction with TVHSIM (P<0.01). In conclusion, in order to further promote TVHSIM policy in rural China, a well-rounded social insurance model for village doctors is urgently needed. In addition, the development of TVHSIM is regionally imbalanced. Efficient and effective measures aiming at rationalizing gender and age structure and enhancing essential medical training should be carefully considered.

33 CFR 106.305 - Facility Security Assessment (FSA) requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... available to maintain essential services; (vi) The essential maintenance equipment and storage areas; (vii... procedures relating to essential services; (v) Measures to protect radio and telecommunication equipment... property, or economic disruption, of an attack on or at the OCS facility; and (7) Locations where access...

78 FR 6275 - Medicaid, Children's Health Insurance Programs, and Exchanges: Essential Health Benefits in...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-30

... Medicaid, Children's Health Insurance Programs, and Exchanges: Essential Health Benefits in Alternative...'s Health Insurance Programs, and Exchanges: Essential Health Benefits in Alternative Benefit Plans... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 42 CFR Parts 430...

Delivery of health services to migrant and seasonal farmworkers.

PubMed

Arcury, Thomas A; Quandt, Sara A

2007-01-01

Farmworkers are low-paid, uninsured employees in an extremely hazardous industry, and they provide an essential service for U.S. society. This review evaluates the delivery of health services to farmworkers. It describes the farmworker population in the United States, noting characteristics (e.g., migratory and immigration status) that limit their access to and utilization of health services. It describes the health services needs of this population, including occupational health, mental health, oral health, and chronic disease treatment. Cultural, structural, legal, financial, and geographic barriers to health services utilization are described. Existing research on health services utilization among farmworkers is discussed. Programs that have been developed to address the barriers to health services utilization among farmworkers are reviewed. Finally, research needed to improve knowledge of farmworker health services utilization is suggested. These research needs include formal evaluations of existing programs and basic research to characterize the health services utilization patterns of farmworkers.

Safety and Feasibility of a Ketamine Package to Support Emergency and Essential Surgery in Kenya when No Anesthetist is Available: An Analysis of 1216 Consecutive Operative Procedures.

PubMed

Burke, Thomas F; Suarez, Sebastian; Sessler, Daniel I; Senay, Ayla; Yusufali, Taha; Masaki, Charles; Guha, Moytrayee; Rogo, Debora; Jani, Pankaj; Nelson, Brett D; Rogo, Khama

2017-12-01

Lack of access to emergency and essential surgery is widespread in low- and middle-income countries. Scarce anesthesia services contribute to this unmet need. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the Every Second Matters for Emergency and Essential Surgery-Ketamine (ESM-Ketamine) package for emergency and essential procedures when no anesthetist was available. From November 2013 to September 2017, the ESM-Ketamine package was used for patients requiring emergency or life-improving surgeries in fifteen selected facilities across Kenya when no anesthetist was available. A mixed-methods approach was used to assess safety and feasibility of the ESM-Ketamine package, including demand, acceptability, and practicality. The primary outcome was ketamine-related adverse events. Key-informant interviews captured perceptions of providers, hospital administrators, and surgeons/proceduralists. Non-anesthetist mid-level providers used ESM-Ketamine for 1216 surgical procedures across the fifteen study facilities. The median ketamine dose was 2.1 mg/kg. Brief (<30 s) oxygen desaturations occurred in 39 patients (3%), and prolonged (>30 s) oxygen desaturations occurred in seven patients (0.6%). There were 157 (13%) reported cases of hallucinations and agitation which were treated with diazepam. All patients recovered uneventfully, and no ketamine-related deaths were reported. Twenty-seven key-informant interviews showed strong support for the program with four main themes: financial considerations, provision of services, staff impact, and scaling considerations. The ESM-Ketamine package appears safe and feasible and is capable of expanding access to emergency and essential surgeries in rural Kenya when no anesthetist is available.

A resource planning analysis of district hospital surgical services in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

PubMed

Sion, Melanie; Rajan, Dheepa; Kalambay, Hyppolite; Lokonga, Jean-Pierre; Bulakali, Joseph; Mossoko, Mathias; Kwete, Dieudonne; Schmets, Gerard; Kelley, Edward; Elongo, Tarcisse; Sambo, Luis; Cherian, Meena

2015-03-01

The impact of surgical conditions on global health, particularly on vulnerable populations, is gaining recognition. However, only 3.5% of the 234.2 million cases per year of major surgery are performed in countries where the world's poorest third reside, such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Data on the availability of anesthesia and surgical services were gathered from 12 DRC district hospitals using the World Health Organization's (WHO's) Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Situation Analysis Tool. We complemented these data with an analysis of the costs of surgical services in a Congolese norms-based district hospital as well as in 2 of the 12 hospitals in which we conducted the situational analysis (Demba and Kabare District Hospitals). For the cost analysis, we used WHO's integrated Healthcare Technology Package tool. Of the 32 surgical interventions surveyed, only 2 of the 12 hospitals provided all essential services. The deficits in procedures varied from no deficits to 17 services that could not be provided, with an average of 7 essential procedures unavailable. Many of the hospitals did not have basic infrastructure such as running water and electricity; 9 of 12 had no or interrupted water and 7 of 12 had no or interrupted electricity. On average, 21% of lifesaving surgical interventions were absent from the facilities, compared with the model normative hospital. According to the normative hospital, all surgical services would cost US$2.17 per inhabitant per year, representing 33.3% of the total patient caseload but only 18.3% of the total district hospital operating budget. At Demba Hospital, the operating budget required for surgical interventions was US$0.08 per inhabitant per year, and at Kabare Hospital, US$0.69 per inhabitant per year. A significant portion of the health problems addressed at Congolese district hospitals is surgical in nature, but there is a current inability to meet this surgical need. The deficient services and substandard capacity in the surveyed district hospitals are systemic in nature, representing infrastructure, supply, equipment, and human resource constraints. Yet surgical services are affordable and represent a minor portion of the total operating budget. Greater emphasis should be made to appropriately fund district hospitals to meet the need for lifesaving surgical services. © Sion et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/. When linking to this article, please use the following permanent link: http://dx.doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00165.

Cost-benefit analysis : substituting ground transportation for subsidized essential air services.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-12-01

Since the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) has been subsidizing air service to : small rural communities through the Essential Air Service (EAS) program. The original intent of the program was to maintain ...

78 FR 39493 - Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; Exchange Functions: Eligibility for Exemptions...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-01

...This final rule implements certain functions of the Affordable Insurance Exchanges (``Exchanges''). These specific statutory functions include determining eligibility for and granting certificates of exemption from the individual shared responsibility payment described in section 5000A of the Internal Revenue Code. Additionally, this final rule implements the responsibilities of the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury, to designate other health benefits coverage as minimum essential coverage by providing that certain coverage be designated as minimum essential coverage. It also outlines substantive and procedural requirements that other types of individual coverage must fulfill in order to be certified as minimum essential coverage.

Report of the workshop on evidence-based design of national wildlife health programs

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nguyen, Natalie T.; Duff, J. Paul; Gavier-Widén, Dolores; Grillo, Tiggy; He, Hongxuan; Lee, Hang; Ratanakorn, Parntep; Rijks, Jolianne M.; Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre; Sleeman, Jonathan M.; Stephen, Craig; Tana, Toni; Uhart, Marcela; Zimmer , Patrick

2017-05-08

SummaryThis report summarizes a Wildlife Disease Association sponsored workshop held in 2016. The overall objective of the workshop was to use available evidence and selected subject matter expertise to define the essential functions of a National Wildlife Health Program and the resources needed to deliver a robust and reliable program, including the basic infrastructure, workforce, data and information systems, governance, organizational capacity, and essential features, such as wildlife disease surveillance, diagnostic services, and epidemiological investigation. This workshop also provided the means to begin the process of defining the essential attributes of a national wildlife health program that could be scalable and adaptable to each nation’s needs.

Working to End Family Homelessness. Annual Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center on Family Homelessness (NJ1), 2012

2012-01-01

The National Center on Family Homelessness is determined to end family homelessness. Sheltering families provides a temporary safe haven. Connecting families to permanent housing, essential services, and critical supports can change their lives forever. Through research the Center learns what families need to rebound from the housing, economic,…

76 FR 29811 - Disaster Declaration #12588 and #12589

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-23

.... Effective Date: 05/10/2011. Physical Loan Application Deadline Date: 07/11/2011. Economic Injury (EIDL) Loan... organizations that provide essential services of governmental nature may file disaster loan applications at the... Elsewhere 3.000 For Economic Injury: Non-Profit Organizations Without Credit Available Elsewhere 3.000 The...

Ranching sustainability analysis

Treesearch

Royce Larsen; William Tietje; Karl Striby

2015-01-01

California oak woodland creates a landscape of renowned beauty, providing the public with essential natural resource services and economic values through ranching. Ranchers however, come under intense pressure and scrutiny from the public to demonstrate stewardship of the land they manage. The solution often chosen to address these concerns is, simply, more regulations...

Stewardship matters: Case studies in establishment success of urban trees

Treesearch

Lara A. Roman; Lindsey A. Walker; Catherine M. Martineau; David J. Muffly; Susan A. MacQueen; Winnie Harris

2015-01-01

Urban tree planting initiatives aim to provide ecosystem services that materialize decades after planting, therefore understanding tree survival and growth is essential to evaluating planting program performance. Tree mortality is relatively high during the establishment phase, the first few years after planting. Qualitative assessments of programs with particularly...

42 CFR 489.28 - Special capitalization requirements for HHAs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Special capitalization requirements for HHAs. 489.28 Section 489.28 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND... Essentials of Provider Agreements § 489.28 Special capitalization requirements for HHAs. (a) Basic rule. An...

45 CFR 156.280 - Segregation of funds for abortion services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS... its essential health benefits, as described in section 1302(b) of the Affordable Care Act, for any... may discriminate against any individual health care provider or health care facility because of its...

45 CFR 156.280 - Segregation of funds for abortion services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... HEALTH CARE ACCESS HEALTH INSURANCE ISSUER STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT, INCLUDING STANDARDS... its essential health benefits, as described in section 1302(b) of the Affordable Care Act, for any... may discriminate against any individual health care provider or health care facility because of its...

3 CFR 8448 - Proclamation 8448 of October 30, 2009. National Family Caregivers Month, 2009

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Family Caregivers Month, 2009 8448 Proclamation 8448 Presidential Documents Proclamations Proclamation 8448 of October 30, 2009 Proc. 8448 National Family Caregivers Month, 2009By the President of the... National Family Caregivers Month, we honor the individuals providing essential services to family members...

Higher Education and Civic Engagement: Comparative Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McIlrath, Lorraine, Ed.; Lyons, Ann, Ed.; Munck, Ronaldo, Ed.

2012-01-01

Higher Education and Civic Engagement provides an original and challenging contribution to contemporary debates on the civic purpose of higher education. It explores teaching and learning, research, and service in a range of international contexts. This book is essential reading for higher education leaders, faculty, administrators, and members of…

Capacity Building for Rural Development in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murray, Michael; Dunn, Larry

1995-01-01

An essential component of community-based rural development is the leadership and problem-solving abilities of local people. The Colorado Rural Revitalization Project--a joint venture of two universities and a state agency--provided educational, consultative, and technical assistance services for a 1-year capacity-building program in 47…

Antifungal effect of essential oils on southern yellow pine

Treesearch

Vina W. Yang; Carol A. Clausen

2007-01-01

Moisture management remains the most critical factor for controlling mold growth on wood and wood products during storage, construction, and while in service. When moisture management practices fail to adequately control moisture, plant extracts demonstrating antifungal properties may provide protection for these applications. The objective of this study was to...

Two Libraries Working toward Common Goals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Potter, Tonya; Johnson, Kara

2017-01-01

Students look to their school library to find new books, seek information, creatively solve problems, and use technology. School libraries play an essential role in students' academic growth and development of lifelong learning skills. All of the wonderful resources and services that school libraries provide are easily accessible to the population…

Resources for Archives: Developing Collections, Constituents, Colleagues, and Capital

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Primer, Ben

2009-01-01

The essential element for archival success is to be found in the quality of management decisions made and public services provided. Archivists can develop first-class archives operations through understanding the organizational context; planning; hiring, retaining, and developing staff; meeting archival standards for storage and access; and…

Sustainability Education as a Catalyst for University and Community Partnerships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lishawa, Shane; Schubel, Adam; Varty, Alison; Tuchman, Nancy

2010-01-01

Universities are uniquely positioned to lead society toward sustainability and their collaborations with community organizations are essential to this transition. The Biodiesel Program at Loyola University at Chicago Center for Urban Environmental Research and Policy provides a case study of course-based service learning projects facilitating…

Education Facilities Sector-Specific Plan: An Annex to the Government Facilities Sector-Specific Plan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Homeland Security, 2010

2010-01-01

Critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR) provide the essential services that support basic elements of American society. Compromise of these CIKR could disrupt key government and industry activities, facilities, and systems, producing cascading effects throughout the Nation's economy and society and profoundly affecting the national…

Developing a measure of provider adherence to improve the implementation of behavioral health services in primary care: a Delphi study

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background The integration of behavioral health services into primary care is increasingly popular, yet fidelity of implementation in this area has been infrequently assessed due to the few measurement tools available. A sentinel indicator of fidelity of implementation is provider adherence, or utilization of prescribed procedures and engagement in model-specific behaviors. This study aimed to develop the first self-report measure of behavioral health provider adherence for co-located, collaborative care, a commonly adopted model of behavioral health service delivery in primary care. Methods A preliminary 56-item measure was developed by the research team to represent critical components of adherence among behavioral health providers. To ensure the content validity of the measure, a modified Delphi study was conducted using a panel of co-located, collaborative care model experts. During three rounds of emailed surveys, panel members provided qualitative feedback regarding item content while rating each item’s relevance for behavioral health provider practice. Items with consensus ratings of 80% or greater were included in the final adherence measure. Results The panel consisted of 25 experts representing the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Department of Defense, and academic and community health centers (total study response rate of 76%). During the Delphi process, two new items were added to the measure, four items were eliminated, and a high level of consensus was achieved on the remaining 54 items. Experts identified 38 items essential for model adherence, six items compatible (although not essential) for model adherence, and 10 items that represented prohibited behaviors. Item content addressed several domains, but primarily focused on behaviors related to employing a time-limited, brief treatment model, the scope of patient concerns addressed, and interventions used by providers. Conclusions This study yielded the first content valid self-report measure of critical components of collaborative care adherence for use by behavioral health providers in primary care. Although additional psychometric evaluation is necessary, this measure may assist implementation researchers in clarifying how provider behaviors contribute to clinical outcomes. This measure may also assist clinical stakeholders in monitoring implementation and identifying ways to support frontline providers in delivering high quality services. PMID:23406425

A comparative study of the health care systems of Canada and Saudi Arabia: lessons and insights.

PubMed

Qutub, Akram F; Al-Jewair, Thikriat S; Leake, James L

2009-10-01

Understanding the structure of a health care system is essential in improving public health policies and health outcomes. To describe and compare the health care systems of Canada and Saudi Arabia; to discuss possible lessons that could be learned from both for policy-making purposes. A comprehensive method was used to describe the national health care systems of both countries. For each country, the system is described by: context, ownership, delivery, financing, organisational structure, target groups, and comprehensiveness of services. In Canada, the Medicare system provides comprehensive medical services except for dental, optometric, chiropractic, pharmacologic and home care services. The dental care system is financed privately (94%) and is owned and delivered by private for-profit dental practitioners. In Saudi Arabia, the government sector is owned, delivered, and financed by the government and provides free comprehensive medical and dental services. The same services are provided by the private sector, but under governmental supervision. Among the relevant lessons: access to care, accountability, quality assurance, mix and reimbursement of providers. Canada can learn about different approaches to socialising the dental care system. Saudi Arabia can improve the implementation of quality assurance practices and management.

14 CFR 272.10 - Conditions applicable to carriers serving a subsidized market.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES... precondition to the payment of compensation necessary to maintain essential air service, whether or not the affected carrier is itself receiving subsidy compensation in the market, if it finds that: (1) Essential...

Ecosystem services and economic theory: integration for policy-relevant research.

PubMed

Fisher, Brendan; Turner, Kerry; Zylstra, Matthew; Brouwer, Roy; de Groot, Rudolf; Farber, Stephen; Ferraro, Paul; Green, Rhys; Hadley, David; Harlow, Julian; Jefferiss, Paul; Kirkby, Chris; Morling, Paul; Mowatt, Shaun; Naidoo, Robin; Paavola, Jouni; Strassburg, Bernardo; Yu, Doug; Balmford, Andrew

2008-12-01

It has become essential in policy and decision-making circles to think about the economic benefits (in addition to moral and scientific motivations) humans derive from well-functioning ecosystems. The concept of ecosystem services has been developed to address this link between ecosystems and human welfare. Since policy decisions are often evaluated through cost-benefit assessments, an economic analysis can help make ecosystem service research operational. In this paper we provide some simple economic analyses to discuss key concepts involved in formalizing ecosystem service research. These include the distinction between services and benefits, understanding the importance of marginal ecosystem changes, formalizing the idea of a safe minimum standard for ecosystem service provision, and discussing how to capture the public benefits of ecosystem services. We discuss how the integration of economic concepts and ecosystem services can provide policy and decision makers with a fuller spectrum of information for making conservation-conversion trade-offs. We include the results from a survey of the literature and a questionnaire of researchers regarding how ecosystem service research can be integrated into the policy process. We feel this discussion of economic concepts will be a practical aid for ecosystem service research to become more immediately policy relevant.

Improvements in newborn care and newborn resuscitation following a quality improvement program at scale: results from a before and after study in Tanzania.

PubMed

Makene, Christina Lulu; Plotkin, Marya; Currie, Sheena; Bishanga, Dunstan; Ugwi, Patience; Louis, Henry; Winani, Kiholeth; Nelson, Brett D

2014-11-19

Every year, more than a million of the world's newborns die on their first day of life; as many as two-thirds of these deaths could be saved with essential care at birth and the early newborn period. Simple interventions to improve the quality of essential newborn care in health facilities - for example, improving steps to help newborns breathe at birth - have demonstrated up to 47% reduction in newborn mortality in health facilities in Tanzania. We conducted an evaluation of the effects of a large-scale maternal-newborn quality improvement intervention in Tanzania that assessed the quality of provision of essential newborn care and newborn resuscitation. Cross-sectional health facility surveys were conducted pre-intervention (2010) and post intervention (2012) in 52 health facilities in the program implementation area. Essential newborn care provided by health care providers immediately following birth was observed for 489 newborns in 2010 and 560 in 2012; actual management of newborns with trouble breathing were observed in 2010 (n = 18) and 2012 (n = 40). Assessments of health worker knowledge were conducted with case studies (2010, n = 206; 2012, n = 217) and a simulated resuscitation using a newborn mannequin (2010, n = 299; 2012, n = 213). Facility audits assessed facility readiness for essential newborn care. Index scores for quality of observed essential newborn care showed significant overall improvement following the quality-of-care intervention, from 39% to 73% (p <0.0001). Health worker knowledge using a case study significantly improved as well, from 23% to 41% (p <0.0001) but skills in resuscitation using a newborn mannequin were persistently low. Availability of essential newborn care supplies, which was high at baseline in the regional hospitals, improved at the lower-level health facilities. Within two years, the quality improvement program was successful in raising the quality of essential newborn care services in the program facilities. Some gaps in newborn care were persistent, notably practical skills in newborn resuscitation. Continued investment in life-saving improvements to newborn care through the health services is a priority for reduction of newborn mortality in Tanzania.

Fear and Disgust of Spiders: Factors that Limit University Preservice Middle School Science Teachers

PubMed Central

Wagler, Ron; Wagler, Amy

2018-01-01

Spiders perform many essential ecological services, yet humans often experience negative emotions toward spiders. These emotions can lead to the avoidance of beneficial events. These emotions may affect beliefs about what should or should not be included in a science curriculum. This study investigated how activities with living spiders affected preservice middle school science teachers’ emotions and beliefs. Prior to the activities both groups (i.e., treatment and control) had moderate to extreme fear and disgust toward the spider. The teachers that participated in the spider activities (i.e., treatment group) had much lower levels of fear and disgust after performing the spider activities than the control group that did not participate in the spider activities. The control group continued to have elevated levels of fear and disgust toward the spider throughout the study. Before the spider activities neither group planned to incorporate information about spiders or information about the essential ecological services of spiders into their science classroom. After the treatment group participated in the spider activities, the teachers had definitive plans to teach their students about spiders and the essential ecological services that they provide. The control group remained unchanged and had no plans to teach this information to their students. PMID:29382186

Fear and Disgust of Spiders: Factors that Limit University Preservice Middle School Science Teachers.

PubMed

Wagler, Ron; Wagler, Amy

2018-01-29

Spiders perform many essential ecological services, yet humans often experience negative emotions toward spiders. These emotions can lead to the avoidance of beneficial events. These emotions may affect beliefs about what should or should not be included in a science curriculum. This study investigated how activities with living spiders affected preservice middle school science teachers' emotions and beliefs. Prior to the activities both groups (i.e., treatment and control) had moderate to extreme fear and disgust toward the spider. The teachers that participated in the spider activities (i.e., treatment group) had much lower levels of fear and disgust after performing the spider activities than the control group that did not participate in the spider activities. The control group continued to have elevated levels of fear and disgust toward the spider throughout the study. Before the spider activities neither group planned to incorporate information about spiders or information about the essential ecological services of spiders into their science classroom. After the treatment group participated in the spider activities, the teachers had definitive plans to teach their students about spiders and the essential ecological services that they provide. The control group remained unchanged and had no plans to teach this information to their students.

Economic grand rounds: financing first-episode psychosis services in the United States.

PubMed

Goldman, Howard H; Karakus, Mustafa; Frey, William; Beronio, Kirsten

2013-06-01

Adequate financing is essential to implementing services for individuals experiencing a first episode of a psychotic illness. Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE), a project sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health, is providing a practical test of the implementation and effectiveness of first-episode services in real-world settings. This column describes approaches to financing early intervention services that are being used at five of 18 U.S. sites participating in a clinical trial of a team-based, multielement RAISE intervention. The authors also describe new options for financing that will become available as the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is implemented more fully. The ACA will rationalize coverage of first-episode services, but the all-important Medicaid provisions will also require individual state action to implement services optimally.

Applying the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to guide home health care services planning and delivery in Thailand.

PubMed

Pimdee, Atipong; Nualnetr, Nomjit

2017-01-01

Home health care is an essential service for home-bound patients in Thailand. In this action research study, we used the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to modify home health care services provided by a university hospital. Staff responsible for delivering the services (physical therapist, nurses, and Thai traditional medicine practitioners) participated in the development of an ICF-based assessment tool and home health care service procedure. After an 8-month trial of implementing these changes, professional satisfaction and empowerment were high among the home health care team members. Patients and their caregivers were also satisfied with the services. In conclusion, the ICF is an effective means of guiding home health care.

Electro therapy facial and laser skin whitening: Clients' perspective.

PubMed

Lavanya, D; Manimaran, S; Bhagyalakshmi, K

2018-01-01

There are so many beauty salons in Metropolis who provide services to women exclusively [1]. These beauty salons depend mostly on electricity for their services to customers, without it there is no effective means of operation [2]. These beauty salons are definitely leading to women empowerment. The beauty salons are run by the women for women. Since they fall under the category of micro and small enterprises, these salons may avail so many financial and non- financial advantages from the Government of India. They also provide employment opportunities to the women employees. The development of such beauty salons rests on the clients' satisfaction on the provision of their services. Hence it is essential to measure the clients attitude towards the services offered by the beauty salons, especially electro therapy facial, laser skin whitening and laser hair removal treatments, which are coming under micro current treatment as a cosmetic tool.

Institutional and Economic Determinants of Public Health System Performance

PubMed Central

Mays, Glen P.; McHugh, Megan C.; Shim, Kyumin; Perry, Natalie; Lenaway, Dennis; Halverson, Paul K.; Moonesinghe, Ramal

2006-01-01

Objectives. Although a growing body of evidence demonstrates that availability and quality of essential public health services vary widely across communities, relatively little is known about the factors that give rise to these variations. We examined the association of institutional, financial, and community characteristics of local public health delivery systems and the performance of essential services. Methods. Performance measures were collected from local public health systems in 7 states and combined with secondary data sources. Multivariate, linear, and nonlinear regression models were used to estimate associations between system characteristics and the performance of essential services. Results. Performance varied significantly with the size, financial resources, and organizational structure of local public health systems, with some public health services appearing more sensitive to these characteristics than others. Staffing levels and community characteristics also appeared to be related to the performance of selected services. Conclusions. Reconfiguring the organization and financing of public health systems in some communities—such as through consolidation and enhanced intergovernmental coordination—may hold promise for improving the performance of essential services. PMID:16449584

Design development of the Apollo command and service module thrust vector attitude control systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Peters, W. H.

1978-01-01

Development of the Apollo thrust vector control digital autopilot (TVC DAP) was summarized. This is the control system that provided pitch and yaw attitude control during velocity change maneuvers using the main rocket engine on the Apollo service module. A list of ten primary functional requirements for this control system are presented, each being subordinate to a more general requirement appearing earlier on the list. Development process functions were then identified and the essential information flow paths were explored. This provided some visibility into the particular NASA/contractor interface, as well as relationships between the many individual activities.

Predictors of Essential Health and Nutrition Service Delivery in Bihar, India: Results From Household and Frontline Worker Surveys.

PubMed

Kosec, Katrina; Avula, Rasmi; Holtemeyer, Brian; Tyagi, Parul; Hausladen, Stephanie; Menon, Purnima

2015-06-17

In Bihar, India, coverage of essential health and nutrition interventions is low. These interventions are provided by 2 national programs--the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and Health/National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)--through Anganwadi workers (AWWs) and Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), respectively. Little is known, however, about factors that predict effective service delivery by these frontline workers (FLWs) or receipt of services by households. This study examined the predictors of use of 4 services: (1) immunization information and services, (2) food supplements, (3) pregnancy care information, and (4) general nutrition information. Data are from a 2012 cross-sectional survey of 6,002 households in 400 randomly selected villages in 1 district of Bihar state, as well as an integrated survey of 377 AWWs and 382 ASHAs from the same villages. For each of the 4 service delivery outcomes, logistic regression models were specified using a combination of variables hypothesized to be supply- and demand-side drivers of service utilization. About 35% of households reported receiving any of the 4 services. Monetary immunization incentives for AWWs (OR = 1.55, CI = 1.02-2.36) and above-median household head education (OR = 1.39, CI = 1.05-1.82) were statistically significant predictors of household receipt of immunization services. Higher household socioeconomic status was associated with significantly lower odds of receiving food supplements (OR = 0.87, CI = 0.79-0.96). ASHAs receiving incentives for institutional delivery (OR = 1.52, CI = 0.99-2.33) was marginally associated with higher odds of receiving pregnancy care information, and ASHAs who maintained records of pregnant women was significantly associated with households receiving such information (OR = 2.25, CI = 1.07-4.74). AWWs receiving immunization incentives was associated with significantly higher odds of households receiving general nutrition information (OR = 1.92, CI = 1.08-3.41), suggesting a large spillover effect of incentives from product- to information-oriented services. Product-oriented incentives affect delivery of both product- and information-oriented services, although household factors are also important. In India, existing government programs can mitigate supply- and demand-side constraints to receiving essential interventions by optimizing existing incentives for FLWs in national programs, helping FLWs better organize their work, and raising awareness among groups who are less likely to access services. © Kosec et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Screening for Child Sexual Exploitation in Online Sexual Health Services: An Exploratory Study of Expert Views.

PubMed

Spencer-Hughes, Victoria; Syred, Jonathan; Allison, Alison; Holdsworth, Gillian; Baraitser, Paula

2017-02-14

Sexual health services routinely screen for child sexual exploitation (CSE). Although sexual health services are increasingly provided online, there has been no research on the translation of the safeguarding function to online services. We studied expert practitioner views on safeguarding in this context. The aim was to document expert practitioner views on safeguarding in the context of an online sexual health service. We conducted semistructured interviews with lead professionals purposively sampled from local, regional, or national organizations with a direct influence over CSE protocols, child protection policies, and sexual health services. Interviews were analyzed by three researchers using a matrix-based analytic method. Our respondents described two different approaches to safeguarding. The "information-providing" approach considers that young people experiencing CSE will ask for help when they are ready from someone they trust. The primary function of the service is to provide information, provoke reflection, generate trust, and respond reliably to disclosure. The approach values online services as an anonymous space to test out disclosure without commitment. The "information-gathering" approach considers that young people may withhold information about exploitation. Therefore, services should seek out information to assess risk and initiate disclosure. This approach values face-to-face opportunities for individualized questioning and immediate referral. The information-providing approach is associated with confidential telephone support lines and the information-gathering approach with clinical services. The approach adopted online will depend on ethos and the range of services provided. Effective transition from online to clinic services after disclosure is an essential element of this process and further research is needed to understand and support this transition. ©Victoria Spencer-Hughes, Jonathan Syred, Alison Allison, Gillian Holdsworth, Paula Baraitser. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 14.02.2017.

E-Governance and Service Oriented Computing Architecture Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tejasvee, Sanjay; Sarangdevot, S. S.

2010-11-01

E-Governance is the effective application of information communication and technology (ICT) in the government processes to accomplish safe and reliable information lifecycle management. Lifecycle of the information involves various processes as capturing, preserving, manipulating and delivering information. E-Governance is meant to transform of governance in better manner to the citizens which is transparent, reliable, participatory, and accountable in point of view. The purpose of this paper is to attempt e-governance model, focus on the Service Oriented Computing Architecture (SOCA) that includes combination of information and services provided by the government, innovation, find out the way of optimal service delivery to citizens and implementation in transparent and liable practice. This paper also try to enhance focus on the E-government Service Manager as a essential or key factors service oriented and computing model that provides a dynamically extensible structural design in which all area or branch can bring in innovative services. The heart of this paper examine is an intangible model that enables E-government communication for trade and business, citizen and government and autonomous bodies.

Benchmarking for Excellence and the Nursing Process

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sleboda, Claire

1999-01-01

Nursing is a service profession. The services provided are essential to life and welfare. Therefore, setting the benchmark for high quality care is fundamental. Exploring the definition of a benchmark value will help to determine a best practice approach. A benchmark is the descriptive statement of a desired level of performance against which quality can be judged. It must be sufficiently well understood by managers and personnel in order that it may serve as a standard against which to measure value.

Co-production of community mental health services: Organising the interplay between public services and civil society in Denmark.

PubMed

Vaeggemose, Ulla; Ankersen, Pia Vedel; Aagaard, Jørgen; Burau, Viola

2018-01-01

Co-production involves knowledge and skills based on both lived experiences of citizens and professionally training of staff. In Europe, co-production is viewed as an essential tool for meeting the demographic, political and economic challenges of welfare states. However, co-production is facing challenges because public services and civil society are rooted in two very different logics. These challenges are typically encountered by provider organisations and their staff who must convert policies and strategies into practice. Denmark is a welfare state with a strong public services sector and a relatively low involvement of volunteers. The aim of this study was to investigate how provider organisations and their staff navigate between the two logics. The present analysis is a critical case study of two municipalities selected from seven participating municipalities, for their maximum diversity. The study setting was the Community Families programme, which aim to support the social network of mental health users by offering regular contact with selected private families/individuals. The task of the municipalities was to initiate and support Community Families. The analysis built on qualitative data generated at the organisational level in the seven participating municipalities. Within the two "case study" municipalities, qualitative interviews were conducted with front-line co-ordinators (six) and line managers (two). The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded using the software program NVivo. The results confirm the central role played by staff and identify a close interplay between public services and civil society logics as essential for the organisation of co-production. Corresponding objectives, activities and collaborative relations of provider organisations are keys for facilitating the co-productive practice of individual staff. Organised in this way, co-production can succeed even in a mental health setting associated with social stigma and in a welfare state dominated by public services. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

High-performance web services for querying gene and variant annotation.

PubMed

Xin, Jiwen; Mark, Adam; Afrasiabi, Cyrus; Tsueng, Ginger; Juchler, Moritz; Gopal, Nikhil; Stupp, Gregory S; Putman, Timothy E; Ainscough, Benjamin J; Griffith, Obi L; Torkamani, Ali; Whetzel, Patricia L; Mungall, Christopher J; Mooney, Sean D; Su, Andrew I; Wu, Chunlei

2016-05-06

Efficient tools for data management and integration are essential for many aspects of high-throughput biology. In particular, annotations of genes and human genetic variants are commonly used but highly fragmented across many resources. Here, we describe MyGene.info and MyVariant.info, high-performance web services for querying gene and variant annotation information. These web services are currently accessed more than three million times permonth. They also demonstrate a generalizable cloud-based model for organizing and querying biological annotation information. MyGene.info and MyVariant.info are provided as high-performance web services, accessible at http://mygene.info and http://myvariant.info . Both are offered free of charge to the research community.

The Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program: A Public Health Framework

PubMed Central

Oppenheimer, Sarah C.; Judge, Christine M.; Taube, Robert L.; Blanchfield, Bonnie B.; Swain, Stacy E.; Koh, Howard K.

2010-01-01

During the past 25 years, the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program has evolved into a service model embodying the core functions and essential services of public health. Each year the program provides integrated medical, behavioral, and oral health care, as well as preventive services, to more than 11 000 homeless people. Services are delivered in clinics located in 2 teaching hospitals, 80 shelters and soup kitchens, and an innovative 104-bed medical respite unit. We explain the program's principles of care, describe the public health framework that undergirds the program, and offer lessons for the elimination of health disparities suffered by this vulnerable population. PMID:20558804

Collaborating in the context of co-location: a grounded theory study.

PubMed

Wener, Pamela; Woodgate, Roberta L

2016-03-10

Most individuals with mental health concerns seek care from their primary care provider, who may lack comfort, knowledge, and time to provide care. Interprofessional collaboration between providers improves access to primary mental health services and increases primary care providers' comfort offering these services. Building and sustaining interprofessional relationships is foundational to collaborative practice in primary care settings. However, little is known about the relationship building process within these collaborative relationships. The purpose of this grounded theory study was to gain a theoretical understanding of the interprofessional collaborative relationship-building process to guide health care providers and leaders as they integrate mental health services into primary care settings. Forty primary and mental health care providers completed a demographic questionnaire and participated in either an individual or group interview. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were reviewed several times and then individually coded. Codes were reviewed and similar codes were collapsed to form categories using using constant comparison. All codes and categories were discussed amongst the researchers and the final categories and core category was agreed upon using constant comparison and consensus. A four-stage developmental interprofessional collaborative relationship-building model explained the emergent core category of Collaboration in the Context of Co-location. The four stages included 1) Looking for Help, 2) Initiating Co-location, 3) Fitting-in, and 4) Growing Reciprocity. A patient-focus and communication strategies were essential processes throughout the interprofessional collaborative relationship-building process. Building interprofessional collaborative relationships amongst health care providers are essential to delivering mental health services in primary care settings. This developmental model describes the process of how these relationships are co-created and supported by the health care region. Furthermore, the model emphasizes that all providers must develop and sustain a patient-focus and communication strategies that are flexible. Applying this model, health care providers can guide the creation and sustainability of primary care interprofessional collaborative relationships. Moreover, this model may guide health care leaders and policy makers as they initiate interprofessional collaborative practice in other health care settings.

The essential value of long-term experimental data for hydrology and water management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tetzlaff, D.; Carey, S. K.; McNamara, J. P.; Laudon, H.; Soulsby, C.

2017-12-01

Observations and data from long-term experimental watersheds are the foundation of hydrology as a geoscience. They allow us to benchmark process understanding, observe trends and natural cycles, and are pre-requisites for testing predictive models. Long-term experimental watersheds also are places where new measurement technologies are developed. These studies offer a crucial evidence base for understanding and managing the provision of clean water supplies; predicting and mitigating the effects of floods, and protecting ecosystem services provided by rivers and wetlands. They also show how to manage land and water in an integrated, sustainable way that reduces environmental and economic costs. We present a number of compelling examples illustrating how hydrologic process understanding has been generated through comparing hypotheses to data, and how this understanding has been essential for managing water supplies, floods, and ecosystem services today.

Analysis of the Security and Privacy Requirements of Cloud-Based Electronic Health Records Systems

PubMed Central

Fernández, Gonzalo; López-Coronado, Miguel

2013-01-01

Background The Cloud Computing paradigm offers eHealth systems the opportunity to enhance the features and functionality that they offer. However, moving patients’ medical information to the Cloud implies several risks in terms of the security and privacy of sensitive health records. In this paper, the risks of hosting Electronic Health Records (EHRs) on the servers of third-party Cloud service providers are reviewed. To protect the confidentiality of patient information and facilitate the process, some suggestions for health care providers are made. Moreover, security issues that Cloud service providers should address in their platforms are considered. Objective To show that, before moving patient health records to the Cloud, security and privacy concerns must be considered by both health care providers and Cloud service providers. Security requirements of a generic Cloud service provider are analyzed. Methods To study the latest in Cloud-based computing solutions, bibliographic material was obtained mainly from Medline sources. Furthermore, direct contact was made with several Cloud service providers. Results Some of the security issues that should be considered by both Cloud service providers and their health care customers are role-based access, network security mechanisms, data encryption, digital signatures, and access monitoring. Furthermore, to guarantee the safety of the information and comply with privacy policies, the Cloud service provider must be compliant with various certifications and third-party requirements, such as SAS70 Type II, PCI DSS Level 1, ISO 27001, and the US Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA). Conclusions Storing sensitive information such as EHRs in the Cloud means that precautions must be taken to ensure the safety and confidentiality of the data. A relationship built on trust with the Cloud service provider is essential to ensure a transparent process. Cloud service providers must make certain that all security mechanisms are in place to avoid unauthorized access and data breaches. Patients must be kept informed about how their data are being managed. PMID:23965254

Analysis of the security and privacy requirements of cloud-based electronic health records systems.

PubMed

Rodrigues, Joel J P C; de la Torre, Isabel; Fernández, Gonzalo; López-Coronado, Miguel

2013-08-21

The Cloud Computing paradigm offers eHealth systems the opportunity to enhance the features and functionality that they offer. However, moving patients' medical information to the Cloud implies several risks in terms of the security and privacy of sensitive health records. In this paper, the risks of hosting Electronic Health Records (EHRs) on the servers of third-party Cloud service providers are reviewed. To protect the confidentiality of patient information and facilitate the process, some suggestions for health care providers are made. Moreover, security issues that Cloud service providers should address in their platforms are considered. To show that, before moving patient health records to the Cloud, security and privacy concerns must be considered by both health care providers and Cloud service providers. Security requirements of a generic Cloud service provider are analyzed. To study the latest in Cloud-based computing solutions, bibliographic material was obtained mainly from Medline sources. Furthermore, direct contact was made with several Cloud service providers. Some of the security issues that should be considered by both Cloud service providers and their health care customers are role-based access, network security mechanisms, data encryption, digital signatures, and access monitoring. Furthermore, to guarantee the safety of the information and comply with privacy policies, the Cloud service provider must be compliant with various certifications and third-party requirements, such as SAS70 Type II, PCI DSS Level 1, ISO 27001, and the US Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA). Storing sensitive information such as EHRs in the Cloud means that precautions must be taken to ensure the safety and confidentiality of the data. A relationship built on trust with the Cloud service provider is essential to ensure a transparent process. Cloud service providers must make certain that all security mechanisms are in place to avoid unauthorized access and data breaches. Patients must be kept informed about how their data are being managed.

Palliative care needs of terminally ill people living alone: a service provider perspective.

PubMed

Aoun, Samar M; Wall, David; Kristjanson, Linda J; Shahid, Shaouli

2013-01-01

Community-based palliative care services face challenges in meeting the needs of terminally ill clients who live alone without a primary caregiver. Yet, there is a dearth of literature on the perceptions of health service providers (HSPs) regarding the care needs and possible management options to assist this growing group to remain at home. This paper investigated the support needs of people living alone with a terminal illness from a service provider perspective. In depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine HSPs from community based services in three Australian states. Four main themes emerged: care challenges, differences in care provision, appropriate approaches to care and essentials for an effective service such as 24 h care, cost-free provision of personal alarm systems, supported and coordinated housekeeping services, funded respite care and financial care packages. HSPs expressed a respect for the autonomy and independence of the clients, yet felt pressured to ensure that safe and attentive care was possible. HSPs recognised the central importance of maintaining the independence and autonomy of palliative care clients living alone. This study is the first in-depth account of what HSPs perceive they need to effectively look after home alone dying clients. The study provided directions to inform service planning for this growing and challenging population group regarding adequate and timely services that will lead to more complying with the clients' wishes, more care being delivered at home, a reduction in hospitalisations, a better quality of life and a capacity to die at home.

Upholding the human right of children in New Zealand experiencing communication difficulties to voice their needs and dreams.

PubMed

Doell, Elizabeth; Clendon, Sally

2018-02-01

New Zealand Ministry of Education's proposal for an updated service to support children experiencing communication difficulties provides an opportunity to consider the essential criteria required for children to express their opinion, information and ideas as outlined under Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This commentary begins with a summary of key policies that provide strategic direction for enhancing children's rights to be actively involved in the development of services designed to support them and to communicate and participate in inclusive environments. The authors use a human rights lens to inform the development of speech-language pathology services that facilitate individuals' contribution and engagement and are responsive to their needs. A review of international literature describing the lived experience of children and young people identifies key factors related to accessible information, service coordination, holistic practice, and partnerships that facilitate co-constructed understanding and decision-making. The commentary concludes with suggested recommendations for structuring services, establishing partnership models, and capability building.

Availability of Village Health and Nutrition Day services in Uttarakhand, India

PubMed Central

Saxena, Vartika; Kumar, Praveer; Kumari, Ranjeeta; Nath, Bhola; Pal, Ranabir

2015-01-01

Background: Village Health and Nutrition Day (VHND) was identified to provide primary care services (health, nutrition and sanitation) at village level under National Rural Health Mission. Aim: The study aimed to assess availability of health, nutrition and sanitation services, required instruments/equipment and medicines at VHND with client satisfaction from the VHND services. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts of Uttarakhand at Nainital, Tehri-Garhwal and Chamoli involving 24 villages in six blocks using multistage stratified sampling using predesigned pretested observation checklists (quantitative data). All the concerned functionaries of health, Integrated Child Development Services and Panchayati Raj Institution were interviewed (qualitative data) to understand the gap in services and remediation. Results: Of the 24 VHNDs observed, blood pressure measurement was done at 11 (45.83%) and weight at 13 (54.17%) sites in ante-natal care services; non-availability of blood pressure instrument and adult weighing machine were 45.83% and 41.66% sites, respectively. Immunization for children was provided at 22 sites; however, availability of other services were poor-vitamin A (three), growth monitoring of children (seven); supplementary nutrition (five); identification of households for construction of toilet (eight). Yet, one-third of clients provided three and four for satisfaction from VHND services on the scale score of 1–5. Conclusion: It was noted that none of the VHND site was providing all the stipulated services, though immunization was provided mostly. Anganwadi centers were lacking availability of various essential instruments and equipment. So regular orientation of village functionaries for ensuring all the VHND services with the availability of required logistic is recommended. PMID:25949976

Closing the health equity gap: evidence-based strategies for primary health care organizations

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Introduction International evidence shows that enhancement of primary health care (PHC) services for disadvantaged populations is essential to reducing health and health care inequities. However, little is known about how to enhance equity at the organizational level within the PHC sector. Drawing on research conducted at two PHC Centres in Canada whose explicit mandates are to provide services to marginalized populations, the purpose of this paper is to discuss (a) the key dimensions of equity-oriented services to guide PHC organizations, and (b) strategies for operationalizing equity-oriented PHC services, particularly for marginalized populations. Methods The PHC Centres are located in two cities within urban neighborhoods recognized as among the poorest in Canada. Using a mixed methods ethnographic design, data were collected through intensive immersion in the Centres, and included: (a) in-depth interviews with a total of 114 participants (73 patients; 41 staff), (b) over 900 hours of participant observation, and (c) an analysis of key organizational documents, which shed light on the policy and funding environments. Results Through our analysis, we identified four key dimensions of equity-oriented PHC services: inequity-responsive care; trauma- and violence-informed care; contextually-tailored care; and culturally-competent care. The operationalization of these key dimensions are identified as 10 strategies that intersect to optimize the effectiveness of PHC services, particularly through improvements in the quality of care, an improved 'fit' between people's needs and services, enhanced trust and engagement by patients, and a shift from crisis-oriented care to continuity of care. Using illustrative examples from the data, these strategies are discussed to illuminate their relevance at three inter-related levels: organizational, clinical programming, and patient-provider interactions. Conclusions These evidence- and theoretically-informed key dimensions and strategies provide direction for PHC organizations aiming to redress the increasing levels of health and health care inequities across population groups. The findings provide a framework for conceptualizing and operationalizing the essential elements of equity-oriented PHC services when working with marginalized populations, and will have broad application to a wide range of settings, contexts and jurisdictions. Future research is needed to link these strategies to quantifiable process and outcome measures, and to test their impact in diverse PHC settings. PMID:23061433

Delivery of nutrition services in health systems in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities in Burkina Faso, Mozambique and Niger.

PubMed

Hampshire, Rachel D; Aguayo, Victor M; Harouna, Hamani; Roley, Julie A; Tarini, Ann; Baker, Shawn K

2004-12-01

In sub-Saharan Africa, underweight and micronutrient deficiencies account for an estimated 25% of the burden of disease. As the coverage of national health systems expands, increased opportunities exist to address the needs of children and women, the most vulnerable to these deficiencies, through high-quality nutrition services. To assess health providers' knowledge and practice with regard to essential nutrition services for women and children in Burkina Faso, Mozambique and Niger, in order to assist the development of a standard guide and tools to assess and monitor the quality of the nutrition services delivered through national health systems. The three surveys reveal the extent of missed opportunities to deliver nutrition services during routine prenatal, postnatal and child-care consultations for the prevention and treatment of highly prevalent nutritional deficiencies. A commitment to improving the quality of facility-based nutrition services is necessary to impact on the health outcomes of women and children 'covered' by national health systems. Rigorous assessment and monitoring of the quality of nutrition services should inform health programme and policy development. Building on the lessons learned in these three assessments, Helen Keller International has developed a standard Guide and Tools to assess the quality of the nutrition services delivered through national health systems. These tools can be adapted to assess ongoing nutrition services in health facilities, provide a framework for nutrition programming, inform the development of pre-service as well as in-service nutrition training curricula for providers, and evaluate the impact of nutrition training on providers' practices.

14 CFR 272.6 - Considerations in the determination of essential air service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES... other factors, the following: (1) The demonstrated level of traffic demand; (2) The amount of compensation necessary to maintain a level of service sufficient to meet that demand; (3) The extent to which...

14 CFR 398.3 - Specific airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Specific airports. 398.3 Section 398.3... STATEMENTS GUIDELINES FOR INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATIONS OF BASIC ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE § 398.3 Specific airports. (a) At an eligible place, essential air service may be specified as service to a particular airport...

14 CFR 398.3 - Specific airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Specific airports. 398.3 Section 398.3... STATEMENTS GUIDELINES FOR INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATIONS OF BASIC ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE § 398.3 Specific airports. (a) At an eligible place, essential air service may be specified as service to a particular airport...

14 CFR 398.3 - Specific airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Specific airports. 398.3 Section 398.3... STATEMENTS GUIDELINES FOR INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATIONS OF BASIC ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE § 398.3 Specific airports. (a) At an eligible place, essential air service may be specified as service to a particular airport...

14 CFR 398.3 - Specific airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Specific airports. 398.3 Section 398.3... STATEMENTS GUIDELINES FOR INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATIONS OF BASIC ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE § 398.3 Specific airports. (a) At an eligible place, essential air service may be specified as service to a particular airport...

14 CFR 398.3 - Specific airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Specific airports. 398.3 Section 398.3... STATEMENTS GUIDELINES FOR INDIVIDUAL DETERMINATIONS OF BASIC ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE § 398.3 Specific airports. (a) At an eligible place, essential air service may be specified as service to a particular airport...

Pharmacist contributions to the ten essential services of public health in three National Association of Boards of Pharmacy regions.

PubMed

Strand, Mark A; Scott, David M; Undem, Teri; Anderson, Gabrielle; Clarens, Andrea; Liu, Xiyuan

Pharmacists have contributed to improved population health through the delivery of public health services, but their contributions often go unrecognized within the larger health care system. To determine pharmacist perceptions of their contributions to the 10 essential services of public health and to compare those contributions among pharmacists in Iowa, North Dakota, and Manitoba. Licensed pharmacists in Iowa, North Dakota, and Manitoba were sent an online survey of their perceived level of achievement of the 10 essential services of public health. A total of 649 pharmacists completed the survey. The 3 essential services that scored the highest overall were enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety, inform and educate people about health issues, and participate in ongoing training beyond continuing education requirements. Contributions of pharmacists to the 10 essential services of public health were previously evaluated by frequency of citation in the published literature. There was relative agreement between what was reported in the literature and what was determined by survey. One exception was "enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety," which was rarely reported in the literature but was reported in the survey to be the most frequently delivered service. Pharmacist contributions to improved population health should be reported with the use of the 10 essential services of public health. This will increase recognition of pharmacist contributions and better align the disciplines of pharmacy and public health. In particular, pharmacists should consider ways to increase their level of involvement in the community and in partnership with other health care professionals. Copyright © 2017 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Post-abortion family planning counselling practice among abortion service providers in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

PubMed

Tang, Longmei; Wu, Shangchun; Li, Jiong; Wang, Kun; Xu, Jialin; Temmerman, Marleen; Zhang, Wei-Hong

2017-02-01

To assess the practice of post-abortion family planning (PAFP) counselling among Chinese abortion service providers, and identify the influencing factors. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted between July and September 2013 among abortion services providers in 30 provinces in China. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors that influenced PAFP counselling. 94% of the 579 service providers responded to the questionnaire in the survey. The median age was 39 years (range 20-72), and 95% were females. 92% providers showed a positive attitude and had promoted the PAFP counselling services; however, only 57% spent more than 10 min for it. The overall knowledge on PAFP was limited to the participants. After adjusting for potential confounding factors: providers from the middle region (compared with 'east region', OR adj  =   3.33, 95% CI: 2.12-5.21) conducted more PAFP counseling; providers with more knowledge (OR adj  =   2.08, 95% CI: 1.38-3.15) provided more counseling; and compared with 'middle school and below', providers with higher education gave more counseling [OR adj (95% CI)] for 'college', 'university' and 'master/doctor' [1.99 (1.01,3.92), 2.32 (1.22,4.40) and 2.34 (1.06,5.17), respectively]. The majority of providers could provide PAFP counselling to women undergone an abortion, but some of them had insufficient time to make it available. Education, knowledge about fertility and reproductive health and residence region were the main factors influencing the practice. Training of health providers and integrating family planning as a part of abortion services are essential to provide adequate PAFP to abortion seekers, thereby reducing the risk of unintended pregnancy.

Availability and affordability of essential medicines: exploring the health seeking behaviours and health service utilisation for children under-5 years living in squatter settlement of Karachi, Pakistan.

PubMed

Shafiq, Yasir; Shaikh, Babar Tasneem; Kumar, Ramesh

2011-01-01

Child health outcomes in the poor communities are largely affected by the non-availability of essential medicines at government health facilities and non-affordability of prescribed medicines at private retail pharmacies. This phenomenon largely defines health seeking behaviours and health service utilisation patterns of the families of the children. Using observational visits, we examined the shelf-availability of medicines for children less than 5 years of age at a rural health centre and conducted focus group discussions with the mothers to explore the effects of non-availability and non-affordability of medicines. We also validated all information by interviewing the health care providers of the area. We found that erratic and insufficient supply of essential medicines at the government health facility and a limited purchasing power to buy medicines from a retail pharmacy, led to considerable 'financial burden' on the poor people, non-compliance with the treatment, health care seeking from informal health providers and healer shopping. This trend has a serious repercussion on the health seeking behaviours and of course the health outcomes, especially among children. On the users' side, health education and health promotion campaign must be instituted to explain the adverse effects on child health ensure appropriate health care seeking behaviours. For the supply side, the health care authorities must ensure the availability of essential medicines for the children at the government facilities. Local community representatives must be involved in the matters related to medicines stock management at the facility.

Co-Leadership - A Management Solution for Integrated Health and Social Care.

PubMed

Klinga, Charlotte; Hansson, Johan; Hasson, Henna; Sachs, Magna Andreen

2016-05-23

Co-leadership has been identified as one approach to meet the managerial challenges of integrated services, but research on the topic is limited. In the present study, co-leadership, practised by pairs of managers - each manager representing one of the two principal organizations in integrated health and social care services - was explored. To investigate co-leadership in integrated health and social care, identify essential preconditions in fulfilling the management assignment, its operationalization and impact on provision of sustainable integration of health and social care. Interviews with eight managers exercising co-leadership were analysed using directed content analysis. Respondent validation was conducted through additional interviews with the same managers. Key contextual preconditions were an organization-wide model supporting co-leadership and co-location of services. Perception of the management role as a collective activity, continuous communication and lack of prestige were essential personal and interpersonal preconditions. In daily practice, office sharing, being able to give and take and support each other contributed to provision of sustainable integration of health and social care. Co-leadership promoted robust management by providing broader competence, continuous learning and joint responsibility for services. Integrated health and social care services should consider employing co-leadership as a managerial solution to achieve sustainability.

Peer-relationship difficulties in children with brain injuries: comparisons with children in mental health services and healthy controls.

PubMed

Tonks, James; Yates, Phil; Williams, W Huw; Frampton, Ian; Slater, Alan

2010-12-01

Positive peer relationships are essential in healthy development. The prevalence of peer-relationship problems in children after acquired brain injury (ABI) has yet to be explored, although ABI does inevitably impact upon peer interactions. We aimed to explore how peer-relationships and emotional distress after ABI may differ from the levels reported by healthy children or mental health controls. Parents of 214 children (137 "healthy" children, 27 children using mental health services and 40 children with ABI) aged 9-15 years participated. A questionnaire measure of peer-relationship functioning and emotional distress was completed. Children with ABI experienced a greater degree of peer-relationship difficulties and emotional distress than healthy controls. No difference was found in reported peer relationship difficulties or emotional distress between ABI children and the children accessing mental health services. We conclude that emotional distress and co-occurring peer-relationship difficulties are as prevalent in a population of children after ABI as may be expected in a population of children under the care of mental health services, yet, unlike the latter group, appropriate intervention services are not commonly available. Interventions that aim to enhance peer relationships after childhood ABI may provide an essential resource to the benefit of outcome.

Co-Leadership – A Management Solution for Integrated Health and Social Care

PubMed Central

Hansson, Johan; Hasson, Henna; Sachs, Magna Andreen

2016-01-01

Introduction: Co-leadership has been identified as one approach to meet the managerial challenges of integrated services, but research on the topic is limited. In the present study, co-leadership, practised by pairs of managers – each manager representing one of the two principal organizations in integrated health and social care services – was explored. Aim: To investigate co-leadership in integrated health and social care, identify essential preconditions in fulfilling the management assignment, its operationalization and impact on provision of sustainable integration of health and social care. Method: Interviews with eight managers exercising co-leadership were analysed using directed content analysis. Respondent validation was conducted through additional interviews with the same managers. Results: Key contextual preconditions were an organization-wide model supporting co-leadership and co-location of services. Perception of the management role as a collective activity, continuous communication and lack of prestige were essential personal and interpersonal preconditions. In daily practice, office sharing, being able to give and take and support each other contributed to provision of sustainable integration of health and social care. Conclusion and discussion: Co-leadership promoted robust management by providing broader competence, continuous learning and joint responsibility for services. Integrated health and social care services should consider employing co-leadership as a managerial solution to achieve sustainability. PMID:27616963

An open science cloud for scientific research

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jones, Bob

2016-04-01

The Helix Nebula initiative was presented at EGU 2013 (http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2013/EGU2013-1510-2.pdf) and has continued to expand with more research organisations, providers and services. The hybrid cloud model deployed by Helix Nebula has grown to become a viable approach for provisioning ICT services for research communities from both public and commercial service providers (http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16001). The relevance of this approach for all those communities facing societal challenges in explained in a recent EIROforum publication (http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34264). This presentation will describe how this model brings together a range of stakeholders to implement a common platform for data intensive services that builds upon existing public funded e-infrastructures and commercial cloud services to promote open science. It explores the essential characteristics of a European Open Science Cloud if it is to address the big data needs of the latest generation of Research Infrastructures. The high-level architecture and key services as well as the role of standards is described. A governance and financial model together with the roles of the stakeholders, including commercial service providers and downstream business sectors, that will ensure a European Open Science Cloud can innovate, grow and be sustained beyond the current project cycles is described.

APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA TO STELLA, MISSOURI-ECONOMIC PLANNING-PRELIMINARY SITE INFORMATION AND ELEMENTS OF THE MASTER PLAN-16NOV2006 (1130)

EPA Science Inventory

Economic systems constraints and performance requirements that are essential to providing goods and services, jobs, and a functioning economic system form a list of criteria for planning a sustainable economy. This presentation places these economic criteria in the context of Ste...

Alaska: 2002 Economic Census. Educational Services, Geographic Area Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Commerce, 2005

2005-01-01

The economic census is the major source of facts about the structure and functioning of the nation's economy. It provides essential information for government, business, industry, and the general public. The economic census furnishes an important part of the framework for such composite measures as the gross domestic product estimates, input…

New Mexico: 2002 Economic Census. Educational Services, Geographic Area Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Commerce, 2005

2005-01-01

The economic census is the major source of facts about the structure and functioning of the nation's economy. It provides essential information for government, business, industry, and the general public. The economic census furnishes an important part of the framework for such composite measures as the gross domestic product estimates,…

School Buildings: Remodeling; Rehabilitation; Modernization; Repair. Bulletin, 1950, No. 17

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yiles, Nelson E.

1950-01-01

Adequate school plants are essential to a modern educational program. The school plant that is not properly maintained soon fails to provide the service for which it was intended. The total program of maintenance, including repairs, renovation, remodeling, rehabilitation, and modernization should be carefully planned. Some tasks will recur at…

Guidelines for Parent Involvement in Chapter 1 Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weckstein, Paul

Chapter 1 is the largest federal education program in existence. It provides extra services to help low-achieving students and is targeted primarily at areas where low-income families reside. Parent involvement in designing and implementing the program is an essential part of Chapter 1. However, the parent involvement component is often not as…

The School Counsellor: An Essential Partner in Today's Coordinated School Health Climate

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Jean; McNab, Warren; Coker, J. Kelly

2005-01-01

Youth today face many health, educational, and social challenges not experienced at such epidemic levels by previous generations of young people. By providing collaborative, comprehensive services that address student needs and promote learning and healthy development, a coordinated school health team can help students succeed in school, as well…

77 FR 41981 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Final Collection; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-17

... review and comments request. Form Title: EIB 99-14 Export-Import Bank Trade Reference form. SUMMARY: The... Reference form provides essential credit information used by Ex-Im Bank credit officers when analyzing... (longer than 360 days), for the export of their U.S. goods and services. Additionally, this form is an...

Legal Issues in Educating Students with Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, Gerard A.; Rainey, Amanda L.

2007-01-01

Since the passing of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, Americans With Disabilities Act, and the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, public and private schools have had to adapt the ways in which they provide education and services to their students and communities. It is essential for school public relations professionals to be…

Traditional Birth Attendant Training and Local Birthing Practices in India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saravanan, Sheela; Turrell, Gavin; Johnson, Helen; Fraser, Jenny; Patterson, Carla

2011-01-01

Training birth attendants (TBAs) to provide essential maternal and infant health care services during delivery and ongoing community care in developing countries. Despite inadequate evidence of relevance and effectiveness of TBA training programmes, there has been a policy shift since the 1990s in that many donor agencies funding TBA training…

Teaching Children with Niemann-Pick Disease

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gartin, Barbara C.; Murdick, Nikki L.; Cooley, Jennifer; Barnett, Sara

2013-01-01

Niemann-Pick Disease (NPD) is a group of rare inherited disorders that are both systemic and degenerative. Knowledge of the disease, its characteristics, and its progression are essential for the teacher and related service personnel to provide an appropriate educational experience for the student. For the teacher who has a student with NPC in…

Standards & Criteria for the Development and Evaluation of a Comprehensive Employee Assistance Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD. Bureau of Health Care Delivery and Assistance.

This document was designed for use by persons or agencies interested in both establishing and evaluating employee assistance programs (EAP) for federal employees. It contains essential elements, standards, and assessment criteria which have been developed to assist in the planning and implementation of services, and to provide a framework for…

Secondary Engineering Design Graphics Educator Service Load of Students with Identified Categorical Disabilities and Limited English Proficiency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ernst, Jeremy V.; Li, Songze; Williams, Thomas O.

2014-01-01

The ever-changing student population of engineering design graphics students necessitates broader sets of instructor adeptness. Specifically, preparedness to educate and provide adequate educational access to content for students with identified categorical disabilities and Limited English Proficiency (LEP) is now an essential readiness skill for…

Entrepreneurs and Producers: Identities of Finnish Farmers in 2001 and 2006

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vesala, Hannu T.; Vesala, Kari Mikko

2010-01-01

The farmers' role within the EU has recently been under reconstruction: in addition to primary agricultural production farmers should fulfill multiple functions such as maintaining the rural landscape, conserving nature and providing services. One essential feature of this new role is the demand for entrepreneurship. Farmers should be capable of…

Macroeconomics and public policy. Technical report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taliaferro, R.T.

1982-12-01

Any industrial economy is limited in what it can produce by its natural endowments, its labor force, the state of its technology, its productive plant capacity and the exchange it makes of some of its output for that of the other national economies of the world. The value of its gross national product relative to its population is one measure of the economic well being of a nation. Within the institutional framework of an economy, the value of any one final good or service is basically determined by its desirability relative to other goods and services among all those whomore » can exert a demand for it in the marketplace. In an industrialized economy in the short run, demand for output and ability to produce output are seldom precisely synchronized and resultingly the growth that accumulating capital makes possible is hampered by persistent unemployment. At the same time, the industrialized economy is unable to provide on its own certain goods and services essential to its existence. Consequently, central government is called upon to intervene, compensating for the deficiencies so that the economy grows while producing over the short run at high employment while allocating some of its output to essential public goods and services.« less

Italian drug policy: ethical aims of essential assistance levels.

PubMed

Bernardi, Alessandra; Pegoraro, Renzo

2003-12-01

In 2001 the Italian Government defined Essential Assistance Levels (LEA), which can be considered as an important step forward in the health care system. The Italian health care system would provide payment of essential and uniform aid services in order to safeguard many values such as human dignity, personal health, equal assistance and good health practices. The Ministry of Health has worked to rationalize the National Formulary and to define evaluation methods for drugs in order to choose what to reimburse without penalizing the rights of the individual and society. This paper describes how this job of rationalization was done and tries to illustrate the choices made in Italy by the use of two meaningful examples (statins and rivastigmine).

Evaluation, in three provinces, of the introduction and impact of China's National Essential Medicines Scheme.

PubMed

Li, Yang; Ying, Cui; Sufang, Guo; Brant, Philippa; Bin, Li; Hipgrave, David

2013-03-01

To evaluate implementation of the National Essential Medicines Scheme (NEMS) in rural China. Two rural counties/districts in each of three provinces where NEMS had been implemented were surveyed. Information was collected from NEMS staff at the province, county/district, township and village levels; patients with chronic disease were also interviewed. Service provision, finances, prescriptions, inpatient records and the expenditures of patients with certain diagnoses were investigated in township hospitals and village clinics. The results were compared with the corresponding data recorded before NEMS was introduced. Following the introduction of NEMS, drug procurement in each study location was systematized. Total drug costs declined. This, and improved prescribing, reduced the costs of outpatient and inpatient care and led, apparently, to increased uptake of health services. However, the prices of some drugs had increased and the availability of others had declined. The compensation of health-care providers for NEMS-related reductions in their incomes had been largely ineffective. As a result of the introduction of NEMS, health facilities relied more on public financing. Many health-care providers complained about higher workloads and lower incomes. Although it was well conceived, the introduction of NEMS into China's decentralized, fee-for-service system of health care has not been straightforward. It has highlighted the problems associated with attempts to modernize health care and health financing for patients' benefit. Sustainable mechanisms to compensate health-care providers for lost income are needed to ensure that NEMS is a success.

Service quality and perceived customer value in community pharmacies.

PubMed

Guhl, Dennis; Blankart, Katharina E; Stargardt, Tom

2018-01-01

A patient's perception of the service provided by a health care provider is essential for the successful delivery of health care. This study examines the value created by community pharmacies-defined as perceived customer value-in the prescription drug market through varying elements of service quality. We develop a path model that describes the relationship between service elements and perceived customer value. We then analyze the effect of perceived customer value on customer satisfaction and loyalty. We use data obtained from 289 standardized interviews on respondents' prescription fill in the last six months in Germany. The service elements personal interaction (path coefficient: 0.31), physical aspect (0.12), store policy (0.24), and availability (0.1) have a positive significant effect on perceived customer value. Consultation and reliability have no significant influence. We further find a strong positive interdependency between perceived customer value, customer satisfaction (0.75), and customer loyalty (0.71). Thus, pharmacies may enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty if they consider the customer perspective and focus on the relevant service elements. To enhance benefit, personal interaction appears to be most important to address appropriately.

Development of service-oriented products based on the inverse manufacturing concept.

PubMed

Fujimoto, Jun; Umeda, Yasushi; Tamura, Tetsuya; Tomiyama, Tetsuo; Kimura, Fumihiko

2003-12-01

To achieve sustainability, resource consumption and waste generation must be drastically decreased. For societal acceptance, preservation of both quality of life and corporate profits are essential. One promising approach is to shift the source of value from the amount of product sold to the quality of services the product provides. This paper describes the need for redesigning recycling systems from a manufacturing perspective and then discusses the possibility of this "servicification" of products, describing our experience with prototype development. We discuss development of product prototypes and their business, using consumer facsimile machines as an example of "service-oriented products". Traditional thought presumes that only products comprising new materials and components are valuable. Consideration of a service-oriented product can serve as a stimulus to revise this mode of thought and to control delivery and quality of disposed products. This paper also provides a life cycle simulation of the developed service-oriented business. Simulation results indicate that service-oriented business can potentially reduce environmental impact while extending business opportunities from the viewpoint of whole product life cycles.

Projecting supply and demand of hydrologic ecosystem services under future climate conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chiang, Li-Chi; Huang, Tao; Lee, Tsung-Yu

2014-05-01

Ecosystems provide essential goods and services, such as food, clean water, water purification, soil conservation and cultural services for human being. In a watershed, these water-related ecosystem goods and services can directly or indirectly benefit both local people and downstream beneficiaries through a reservoir. Water quality and quantity in a reservoir are of importance for agricultural, industrial and domestic uses. Under the impacts of climate and land use changes, both ecosystem service supply and demand will be affected by changes in precipitation patterns, temperature, urbanization and agricultural activities. However, the linkage between ecosystem service provisioning (ESP) and ecosystem service beneficiary (ESB), and scales of supply and demand of ecosystem services are not clear yet. Therefore, to investigate water-related ecosystem service supply under climate and land use change, we took the Xindian river watershed (303 km2) as a case study, where the Feitsui Reservoir provides hydro-power and daily domestic water use of 3,450,000 m3 for 3.46 million people in Taipei, Taiwan. We integrated a hydrological model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, SWAT) and a land use change model (Conversion of Land Use and its Effects, CLUE-s) with future climate change scenarios derived from General Circulation Models (GCMs), to assess the changes in ecosystem service supply and demand at different hydrologic scales. The results will provide useful information for decision-making on future land use management and climate change adaptation strategies in the watersheds. Keywords: climate change, land use change, ecosystem service, watershed, scale

A consistent professional brand for pharmacy-the need and a path forward.

PubMed

Speedie, Marilyn K; Anderson, Lowell J

The authors draw on their broad experiences in the profession to put forth their assessment of the critical need for all elements of the pharmacy profession to agree upon its core services, and to deliver those services in all pharmacies. And also the need to promote the value of those services to patients, payers, and other providers. Since the advent of pharmaceutical care, the profession has changed its curricula and its regulations to reflect the value of direct patient care. For many reasons, the practice has not been unified in delivering these services-lack of definition of what constitutes the service, principally. This has led to the "tower of babel" that exists because of the many names given to these patient-care services by various professional organizations, colleges, payers, and government agencies. Lack of inclusion in benefit design with value-based compensation is also recognized as an important barrier for a pharmacist wishing to provide direct patient-care services. The authors believe this issue to be critical for the profession, and appeal to JCPP and its member organizations to provide leadership to the various pharmacy associations and colleges to put immediate energy and resources into the definitions, labels, and branding of pharmacy practice. This leadership is essential if the profession's organizations and colleges are to promote the whole of practice and payment for the entirety of services pharmacists provide. Copyright © 2017 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 6. Protection of patients and staff during a pandemic. Recommendations and standard operating procedures for intensive care unit and hospital preparations for an influenza epidemic or mass disaster.

PubMed

Taylor, Bruce L; Montgomery, Hugh E; Rhodes, Andrew; Sprung, Charles L

2010-04-01

To provide recommendations and standard operating procedures (SOPs) for intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital preparations for an influenza pandemic or mass disaster with a specific focus on protection of patients and staff. Based on a literature review and expert opinion, a Delphi process was used to define the essential topics including protection of patients and staff. Key recommendations include: (1) prepare infection control and occupational health policies for clinical risks relating to potential disease transmission; (2) decrease clinical risks and provide adequate facilities through advanced planning to maximise capacity by increasing essential equipment, drugs, supplies and encouraging staff availability; (3) create robust systems to maintain staff confidence and safety by minimising non-clinical risks and maintaining or escalating essential services; (4) prepare formal reassurance plans for legal protection; (5) provide assistance to staff working outside their normal domains. Judicious planning and adoption of protocols for protection of patients and staff are necessary to optimise outcomes during a pandemic.

Five Indisputable Facts on Modern Power Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bloom, Aaron P; Brinkman, Gregory L; Lopez, Anthony J

This presentation overviews five indisputable facts about modern power systems: Fact one: The grid can handle more renewable generation than previously thought. Fact two: Geographic and resource diversity provide additional reliability to the system. Fact three: Wind and solar forecasting provide significant value. Fact four: Our electric power markets were not originally designed for variable renewables -- but they could be adapted. Fact five: Modern power electronics are creating new sources of essential reliability services.

A systematic composite service design modeling method using graph-based theory.

PubMed

Elhag, Arafat Abdulgader Mohammed; Mohamad, Radziah; Aziz, Muhammad Waqar; Zeshan, Furkh

2015-01-01

The composite service design modeling is an essential process of the service-oriented software development life cycle, where the candidate services, composite services, operations and their dependencies are required to be identified and specified before their design. However, a systematic service-oriented design modeling method for composite services is still in its infancy as most of the existing approaches provide the modeling of atomic services only. For these reasons, a new method (ComSDM) is proposed in this work for modeling the concept of service-oriented design to increase the reusability and decrease the complexity of system while keeping the service composition considerations in mind. Furthermore, the ComSDM method provides the mathematical representation of the components of service-oriented design using the graph-based theoryto facilitate the design quality measurement. To demonstrate that the ComSDM method is also suitable for composite service design modeling of distributed embedded real-time systems along with enterprise software development, it is implemented in the case study of a smart home. The results of the case study not only check the applicability of ComSDM, but can also be used to validate the complexity and reusability of ComSDM. This also guides the future research towards the design quality measurement such as using the ComSDM method to measure the quality of composite service design in service-oriented software system.

A Systematic Composite Service Design Modeling Method Using Graph-Based Theory

PubMed Central

Elhag, Arafat Abdulgader Mohammed; Mohamad, Radziah; Aziz, Muhammad Waqar; Zeshan, Furkh

2015-01-01

The composite service design modeling is an essential process of the service-oriented software development life cycle, where the candidate services, composite services, operations and their dependencies are required to be identified and specified before their design. However, a systematic service-oriented design modeling method for composite services is still in its infancy as most of the existing approaches provide the modeling of atomic services only. For these reasons, a new method (ComSDM) is proposed in this work for modeling the concept of service-oriented design to increase the reusability and decrease the complexity of system while keeping the service composition considerations in mind. Furthermore, the ComSDM method provides the mathematical representation of the components of service-oriented design using the graph-based theoryto facilitate the design quality measurement. To demonstrate that the ComSDM method is also suitable for composite service design modeling of distributed embedded real-time systems along with enterprise software development, it is implemented in the case study of a smart home. The results of the case study not only check the applicability of ComSDM, but can also be used to validate the complexity and reusability of ComSDM. This also guides the future research towards the design quality measurement such as using the ComSDM method to measure the quality of composite service design in service-oriented software system. PMID:25928358

Health benefits of legal services for criminalized populations: the case of people who use drugs, sex workers and sexual and gender minorities.

PubMed

Csete, Joanne; Cohen, Jonathan

2010-01-01

Social exclusion and legal marginalization are important determinants of health outcomes for people who use illicit drugs, sex workers, and persons who face criminal penalties because of homosexuality or transgenderism. Incarceration may add to the health risks associated with police repression and discrimination for these persons. Access to legal services may be essential to positive health outcomes in these populations. Through concrete examples, this paper explores types of legal problems and legal services linked to health outcomes for drug users, sex workers, and sexual minorities and makes recommendations for donors, legal service providers, and civil society organizations. © 2010 American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics, Inc.

The Guy’s and St Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust @home service: an overview of a new service

PubMed Central

Lee, Geraldine A.; Titchener, Karen

2017-01-01

Hospital in the home is a relatively new concept within the UK healthcare system. The Guy’s and St Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust (GSTT) @home service ‘Bringing hospital care to your home’ was commissioned by Lambeth and Southwark CCG in 2014 to provide acute care in the patients’ place of residence by facilitating rapid discharge from hospital. The service is designed for 260–280 referrals each month from local hospitals, London Ambulance Service, GPs, district nurses and palliative care services. The GSTT@home provides intensive care for a short episode through multidisciplinary team work with the aim of returning the patient to their prior health status following an acute episode of ill health. The main criteria for referrals are adults, living within Lambeth or Southwark with an acute onset of illness often with acute exacerbations of chronic conditions. Care is delivered using 25 clinical pathways using integrated care teams, including those for respiratory disease, heart failure and palliative care services. Recently, the service extended to include overnight palliative care. As care shifts from hospital to the community, it is envisaged that these types of programmes will become an essential component of care provision. This paper describes the service and presents initial service evaluation data. PMID:28356923

The Guy's and St Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust @home service: an overview of a new service.

PubMed

Lee, Geraldine A; Titchener, Karen

2017-03-01

Hospital in the home is a relatively new concept within the UK healthcare system. The Guy's and St Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust (GSTT) @home service 'Bringing hospital care to your home' was commissioned by Lambeth and Southwark CCG in 2014 to provide acute care in the patients' place of residence by facilitating rapid discharge from hospital. The service is designed for 260-280 referrals each month from local hospitals, London Ambulance Service, GPs, district nurses and palliative care services. The GSTT@home provides intensive care for a short episode through multidisciplinary team work with the aim of returning the patient to their prior health status following an acute episode of ill health. The main criteria for referrals are adults, living within Lambeth or Southwark with an acute onset of illness often with acute exacerbations of chronic conditions. Care is delivered using 25 clinical pathways using integrated care teams, including those for respiratory disease, heart failure and palliative care services. Recently, the service extended to include overnight palliative care. As care shifts from hospital to the community, it is envisaged that these types of programmes will become an essential component of care provision. This paper describes the service and presents initial service evaluation data.

Assessment of health facility capacity to provide newborn care in Bangladesh, Haiti, Malawi, Senegal, and Tanzania

PubMed Central

Winter, Rebecca; Yourkavitch, Jennifer; Wang, Wenjuan; Mallick, Lindsay

2017-01-01

Background Despite the importance of health facility capacity to provide comprehensive care, the most widely used indicators for global monitoring of maternal and child health remain contact measures which assess women’s use of services only and not the capacity of health facilities to provide those services; there is a gap in monitoring health facilities’ capacity to provide newborn care services in low and middle income countries. Methods In this study we demonstrate a measurable framework for assessing health facility capacity to provide newborn care using open access, nationally–representative Service Provision Assessment (SPA) data from the Demographic Health Surveys Program. In particular, we examine whether key newborn–related services are available at the facility (ie, service availability, measured by the availability of basic emergency obstetric care (BEmOC) signal functions, newborn signal functions, and routine perinatal services), and whether the facility has the equipment, medications, training and knowledge necessary to provide those services (ie, service readiness, measured by general facility requirements, equipment, medicines and commodities, and guidelines and staffing) in five countries with high levels of neonatal mortality and recent SPA data: Bangladesh, Haiti, Malawi, Senegal, and Tanzania. Findings In each country, we find that key services and commodities needed for comprehensive delivery and newborn care are missing from a large percentage of facilities with delivery services. Of three domains of service availability examined, scores for routine care availability are highest, while scores for newborn signal function availability are lowest. Of four domains of service readiness examined, scores for general requirements and equipment are highest, while scores for guidelines and staffing are lowest. Conclusions Both service availability and readiness tend to be highest in hospitals and facilities in urban areas, pointing to substantial equity gaps in the availability of essential newborn care services for rural areas and for people accessing lower–level facilities. Together, the low levels of both service availability and readiness across the five countries reinforce the vital importance of monitoring health facility capacity to provide care. In order to save newborn lives and improve equity in child survival, not only does women’s use of services need to increase, but facility capacity to provide those services must also be enhanced. PMID:29423186

Implementation of electronic medical records requires more than new software: Lessons on integrating and managing health technologies from Mbarara, Uganda.

PubMed

Madore, Amy; Rosenberg, Julie; Muyindike, Winnie R; Bangsberg, David R; Bwana, Mwebesa B; Martin, Jeffrey N; Kanyesigye, Michael; Weintraub, Rebecca

2015-12-01

Implementation lessons: • Technology alone does not necessarily lead to improvement in health service delivery, in contrast to the common assumption that advanced technology goes hand in hand with progress. • Implementation of electronic medical record (EMR) systems is a complex, resource-intensive process that, in addition to software, hardware, and human resource investments, requires careful planning, change management skills, adaptability, and continuous engagement of stakeholders. • Research requirements and goals must be balanced with service delivery needs when determining how much information is essential to collect and who should be interfacing with the EMR system. • EMR systems require ongoing monitoring and regular updates to ensure they are responsive to evolving clinical use cases and research questions. • High-quality data and analyses are essential for EMRs to deliver value to providers, researchers, and patients. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

On-board B-ISDN fast packet switching architectures. Phase 2: Development. Proof-of-concept architecture definition report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shyy, Dong-Jye; Redman, Wayne

1993-01-01

For the next-generation packet switched communications satellite system with onboard processing and spot-beam operation, a reliable onboard fast packet switch is essential to route packets from different uplink beams to different downlink beams. The rapid emergence of point-to-point services such as video distribution, and the large demand for video conference, distributed data processing, and network management makes the multicast function essential to a fast packet switch (FPS). The satellite's inherent broadcast features gives the satellite network an advantage over the terrestrial network in providing multicast services. This report evaluates alternate multicast FPS architectures for onboard baseband switching applications and selects a candidate for subsequent breadboard development. Architecture evaluation and selection will be based on the study performed in phase 1, 'Onboard B-ISDN Fast Packet Switching Architectures', and other switch architectures which have become commercially available as large scale integration (LSI) devices.

Essential tension: specialization with broad and general training in psychology.

PubMed

Roberts, Michael C

2006-11-01

The practice fields of psychology develop through specialization in training and education. The recognized specialties play a major role in developing new opportunities for professional psychology and providing quality services for the public. The essential tension comes from the balance of innovation and tradition and, in professional psychology, from the balance of fragmentation and unification. As an example, specialization in clinical child psychology is integrated within the broad and general traditions. The greater degree of focused science and practice in a specialty is the logical consequence of advances of the discipline and profession of psychology. ((c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved).

Solidarity, justice and unconditional access to healthcare.

PubMed

Gheaus, Anca

2017-03-01

Luck egalitarianism provides a reason to object to conditionality in health incentive programmes in some cases when conditionality undermines political values such as solidarity or inclusiveness. This is the case with incentive programmes that aim to restrict access to essential healthcare services. Such programmes undermine solidarity. Yet, most people's lives are objectively worse, in one respect, in non-solidary societies, because solidarity contributes both instrumentally and directly to individuals' well-being. Because solidarity is non-excludable, undermining it will deprive both the prudent and the imprudent citizens of its goods. Thereby, undermining solidarity can make prudent citizens worse off than they would have otherwise been, out of no fault or choice of their own, but rather as a result of somebody else's imprudent choice. This goes against the spirit of luck egalitarianism. Therefore (luck egalitarian) justice can require us to save the imprudent and avoid conditionality in access to essential healthcare services. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Emergency recompression: clinical audit of service delivery at a national level.

PubMed

Ross, John As; Sayer, Martin Dj

2009-03-01

Clinical audit is an essential element to the maintenance or improvement of delivery of any medical service. During the development phase of a National Recompression Registration Service for Scotland, clinical audit was initiated to provide a standardised tool to monitor the quality of outcome with respect to the severity of presentation. A functional audit process was an essential consideration for planned future measurement of treatment efficacy at local (single hyperbaric unit) and national (multiple hyperbaric units) scales. The audit process was designed to be undemanding, robust and informative, irrespective of the experience of treatment centre and of the clinician in charge of treatment. The clinical records from 104 cases of divers with decompression illness were used to derive and evaluate measures of severity and clinical outcome that could be used for audit and quality assurance. The various measures of disease severity were examined against clinical outcome and days spent in care after admission to a hyperbaric unit. An initial version of the clinical audit format that was developed from this process is presented.

A framework for cultural competence in health care organizations.

PubMed

Castillo, Richard J; Guo, Kristina L

2011-01-01

Increased racial and ethnic diversity in the United States brings challenges and opportunities for health care organizations to provide culturally competent services that effectively meet the needs of diverse populations. The need to provide more culturally competent care is essential to reducing and eliminating health disparities among minorities. By removing barriers to cultural competence and placing a stronger emphasis on culture in health care, health care organizations will be better able to address the unique health care needs of minorities. Organizations should assess cultural differences, gain greater cultural knowledge, and provide cultural competence training to deliver high-quality services. This article develops a framework to guide health care organizations as they focus on establishing culturally competent strategies and implementing best practices aimed to improve quality of care and achieve better outcomes for minority populations.

Staying Connected: Sustaining Collaborative Care Models with Limited Funding.

PubMed

Johnston, Brenda J; Peppard, Lora; Newton, Marian

2015-08-01

Providing psychiatric services in the primary care setting is challenging. The multidisciplinary, coordinated approach of collaborative care models (CCMs) addresses these challenges. The purpose of the current article is to discuss the implementation of a CCM at a free medical clinic (FMC) where volunteer staff provide the majority of services. Essential components of CCMs include (a) comprehensive screening and assessment, (b) shared development and communication of care plans among providers and the patient, and (c) care coordination and management. Challenges to implementing and sustaining a CCM at a FMC in Virginia attempting to meet the medical and psychiatric needs of the underserved are addressed. Although the CCM produced favorable outcomes, sustaining the model long-term presented many challenges. Strategies for addressing these challenges are discussed. Copyright 2015, SLACK Incorporated.

Reforming funding for chronic illness: Medicare-CDM.

PubMed

Swerissen, Hal; Taylor, Michael J

2008-02-01

Chronic diseases are a major challenge for the Australian health care system in terms of both the provision of quality care and expenditure, and these challenges will only increase in the future. Various programs have been instituted under the Medicare system to provide increased funding for chronic care, but essentially these programs still follow the traditional fee-for-service model. This paper proposes a realignment and extension of current Medicare chronic disease management programs into a framework that provides general practitioners and other health professionals with the necessary "tools" for high quality care planning and ongoing management, and incorporating international models of outcome-linked funding. The integration of social support services with the Medicare system is also a necessary step in providing high quality care for patients with complex needs requiring additional support.

Neonicotinoid pesticide exposure impairs crop pollination services provided by bumblebees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stanley, Dara A.; Garratt, Michael P. D.; Wickens, Jennifer B.; Wickens, Victoria J.; Potts, Simon G.; Raine, Nigel E.

2015-12-01

Recent concern over global pollinator declines has led to considerable research on the effects of pesticides on bees. Although pesticides are typically not encountered at lethal levels in the field, there is growing evidence indicating that exposure to field-realistic levels can have sublethal effects on bees, affecting their foraging behaviour, homing ability and reproductive success. Bees are essential for the pollination of a wide variety of crops and the majority of wild flowering plants, but until now research on pesticide effects has been limited to direct effects on bees themselves and not on the pollination services they provide. Here we show the first evidence to our knowledge that pesticide exposure can reduce the pollination services bumblebees deliver to apples, a crop of global economic importance. Bumblebee colonies exposed to a neonicotinoid pesticide provided lower visitation rates to apple trees and collected pollen less often. Most importantly, these pesticide-exposed colonies produced apples containing fewer seeds, demonstrating a reduced delivery of pollination services. Our results also indicate that reduced pollination service delivery is not due to pesticide-induced changes in individual bee behaviour, but most likely due to effects at the colony level. These findings show that pesticide exposure can impair the ability of bees to provide pollination services, with important implications for both the sustained delivery of stable crop yields and the functioning of natural ecosystems.

14 CFR 272.4 - Applicability of procedures and policies under 49 U.S.C. 41731-42.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY... authority of the Department to guarantee essential air service is derived from the Federal Programs and...

50 CFR 26.34 - What are the special regulations concerning public access, use, and recreation for individual...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... parking beyond vehicle control barriers or on grass or other vegetation. We prohibit parking or operating... feature. We may impound any vehicle left parked in violation at the owner's expense (see § 27.31(h) of... service. (h) Essential commercial service vehicles. (1) Essential commercial service vehicles on business...

50 CFR 26.34 - What are the special regulations concerning public access, use, and recreation for individual...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... parking beyond vehicle control barriers or on grass or other vegetation. We prohibit parking or operating... feature. We may impound any vehicle left parked in violation at the owner's expense (see § 27.31(h) of... service. (h) Essential commercial service vehicles. (1) Essential commercial service vehicles on business...

Calgary Laboratory Services

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

Calgary Laboratory Services provides global hospital and community laboratory services for Calgary and surrounding areas (population 1.4 million) and global academic support for the University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine. It developed rapidly after the Alberta Provincial Government implemented an austerity program to address rising health care costs and to address Alberta’s debt and deficit in 1994. Over roughly the next year, all hospital and community laboratory test funding within the province was put into a single budget, fee codes for fee-for-service test billing were closed, roughly 40% of the provincial laboratory budget was cut, and roughly 40% of the pathologists left the province of Alberta. In Calgary, in the face of these abrupt changes in the laboratory environment, private laboratories, publicly funded hospital laboratories and the medical school department precipitously and reluctantly merged in 1996. The origin of Calgary Laboratory Services was likened to an “unhappy shotgun marriage” by all parties. Although such a structure could save money by eliminating duplicated services and excess capacity and could provide excellent city-wide clinical service by increasing standardization, it was less clear whether it could provide strong academic support for a medical school. Over the past decade, iterations of the Calgary Laboratory Services model have been implemented or are being considered in other Canadian jurisdictions. This case study analyzes the evolution of Calgary Laboratory Services, provides a metric-based review of academic performance over time, and demonstrates that this model, essentially arising as an unplanned experiment, has merit within a Canadian health care context. PMID:28725754

Factors influencing choice of veterinary service provider by pastoralist in Kenya.

PubMed

Onono, Joshua Orungo; Wieland, Barbara; Rushton, Jonathan

2013-08-01

This study analyzed the determinants for choice of animal health providers in a semiarid pastoral area with an aim of identifying specific attributes that could be targeted for intervention to enhance pastoralist access to quality veterinary services. The data were collected through administration of semi-structured questionnaires to 350 randomly selected household heads in different locations in Narok County of Kenya. Most of these respondents had no formal education (66.9%), and most households were headed by men (88.9%). The men were in control of sales (84.2%), purchases (83.7%), and treatment of sick cattle (70.3%), while women were responsible for milking (83.8%). Animal health services were delivered by drug stockists (87.76%) and government veterinarians (12.24%). The time spent while seeking animal health services and transport cost were specific attributes with impact on the probability of choice for service providers. Although distance covered to the preferred service provider was a significant attribute, it was inversely related to the probability of choice. The other factors including herd sizes, age and sex of household head, cost incurred per visit, level of education of household head, and the number of visits did not have significant impact on choices. These findings support commercialization of veterinary services in marginalized areas where the delivery of essential animal health services such as disease control programs are often viewed as a public good. In order to enhance delivery of veterinary services in these areas, it is proposed that public and private means are investigated to support qualified veterinarians and to strengthen the activities of untrained personnel operating drug outlets.

NaviCell Web Service for network-based data visualization.

PubMed

Bonnet, Eric; Viara, Eric; Kuperstein, Inna; Calzone, Laurence; Cohen, David P A; Barillot, Emmanuel; Zinovyev, Andrei

2015-07-01

Data visualization is an essential element of biological research, required for obtaining insights and formulating new hypotheses on mechanisms of health and disease. NaviCell Web Service is a tool for network-based visualization of 'omics' data which implements several data visual representation methods and utilities for combining them together. NaviCell Web Service uses Google Maps and semantic zooming to browse large biological network maps, represented in various formats, together with different types of the molecular data mapped on top of them. For achieving this, the tool provides standard heatmaps, barplots and glyphs as well as the novel map staining technique for grasping large-scale trends in numerical values (such as whole transcriptome) projected onto a pathway map. The web service provides a server mode, which allows automating visualization tasks and retrieving data from maps via RESTful (standard HTTP) calls. Bindings to different programming languages are provided (Python and R). We illustrate the purpose of the tool with several case studies using pathway maps created by different research groups, in which data visualization provides new insights into molecular mechanisms involved in systemic diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

NaviCell Web Service for network-based data visualization

PubMed Central

Bonnet, Eric; Viara, Eric; Kuperstein, Inna; Calzone, Laurence; Cohen, David P. A.; Barillot, Emmanuel; Zinovyev, Andrei

2015-01-01

Data visualization is an essential element of biological research, required for obtaining insights and formulating new hypotheses on mechanisms of health and disease. NaviCell Web Service is a tool for network-based visualization of ‘omics’ data which implements several data visual representation methods and utilities for combining them together. NaviCell Web Service uses Google Maps and semantic zooming to browse large biological network maps, represented in various formats, together with different types of the molecular data mapped on top of them. For achieving this, the tool provides standard heatmaps, barplots and glyphs as well as the novel map staining technique for grasping large-scale trends in numerical values (such as whole transcriptome) projected onto a pathway map. The web service provides a server mode, which allows automating visualization tasks and retrieving data from maps via RESTful (standard HTTP) calls. Bindings to different programming languages are provided (Python and R). We illustrate the purpose of the tool with several case studies using pathway maps created by different research groups, in which data visualization provides new insights into molecular mechanisms involved in systemic diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. PMID:25958393

Effective Team Practices: Interprofessional Contributions to Communication Issues With a Parent's Perspective.

PubMed

Cooper-Duffy, Karena; Eaker, Kerri

2017-05-17

This clinical focus article contains a detailed description of how to build effective teams that use interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) with special-education professionals, speech-language pathologists, and families of children with severe disabilities. This clinical focus article provides information on using the essential elements of team building and IPCP to provide quality care to families who have children with severe disabilities. The 6 essential elements for team building are described, with suggestions for including families in each: goal-setting, roles and responsibilities, effective and efficient process, communication and interpersonal relationships, collaborative problem solving, and evaluation. The 4 competency domains of IPCP are embedded into each of the team-building elements to demonstrate how teams can implement IPCP. A case study illustrates the difficulty one parent experienced working with a team across the 6 essential team-building elements when seeking communication services for her child with severe disabilities. Building teams with IPCP can be effective for including families and creating high-quality outcomes for individuals with severe disabilities.

An Information Technology Framework for Strengthening Telehealthcare Service Delivery

PubMed Central

Chen, Chi-Wen; Weng, Yung-Ching; Shang, Rung-Ji; Yu, Hui-Chu; Chung, Yufang; Lai, Feipei

2012-01-01

Abstract Objective: Telehealthcare has been used to provide healthcare service, and information technology infrastructure appears to be essential while providing telehealthcare service. Insufficiencies have been identified, such as lack of integration, need of accommodation of diverse biometric sensors, and accessing diverse networks as different houses have varying facilities, which challenge the promotion of telehealthcare. This study designs an information technology framework to strengthen telehealthcare delivery. Materials and Methods: The proposed framework consists of a system architecture design and a network transmission design. The aim of the framework is to integrate data from existing information systems, to adopt medical informatics standards, to integrate diverse biometric sensors, and to provide different data transmission networks to support a patient's house network despite the facilities. The proposed framework has been evaluated with a case study of two telehealthcare programs, with and without the adoption of the framework. Results: The proposed framework facilitates the functionality of the program and enables steady patient enrollments. The overall patient participations are increased, and the patient outcomes appear positive. The attitudes toward the service and self-improvement also are positive. Conclusions: The findings of this study add up to the construction of a telehealthcare system. Implementing the proposed framework further assists the functionality of the service and enhances the availability of the service and patient acceptances. PMID:23061641

An information technology framework for strengthening telehealthcare service delivery.

PubMed

Chen, Li-Chin; Chen, Chi-Wen; Weng, Yung-Ching; Shang, Rung-Ji; Yu, Hui-Chu; Chung, Yufang; Lai, Feipei

2012-10-01

Telehealthcare has been used to provide healthcare service, and information technology infrastructure appears to be essential while providing telehealthcare service. Insufficiencies have been identified, such as lack of integration, need of accommodation of diverse biometric sensors, and accessing diverse networks as different houses have varying facilities, which challenge the promotion of telehealthcare. This study designs an information technology framework to strengthen telehealthcare delivery. The proposed framework consists of a system architecture design and a network transmission design. The aim of the framework is to integrate data from existing information systems, to adopt medical informatics standards, to integrate diverse biometric sensors, and to provide different data transmission networks to support a patient's house network despite the facilities. The proposed framework has been evaluated with a case study of two telehealthcare programs, with and without the adoption of the framework. The proposed framework facilitates the functionality of the program and enables steady patient enrollments. The overall patient participations are increased, and the patient outcomes appear positive. The attitudes toward the service and self-improvement also are positive. The findings of this study add up to the construction of a telehealthcare system. Implementing the proposed framework further assists the functionality of the service and enhances the availability of the service and patient acceptances.

Obstacles to preventive care for individuals with disability: Implications for nurse practitioners.

PubMed

Marrocco, Anna; Krouse, Helene J

2017-05-01

Individuals with disabilities have been identified as a population with a significantly lower usage of preventive services. Nurse practitioners (NPs) provide a key access point in the healthcare delivery system for preventive services for vulnerable populations such as those with disabilities. It is essential to understand existing barriers that prohibit access to effective preventive care for this vulnerable population. Systematic search and review of Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and government reports and World Health Organizations reports. Twenty-six articles were included in the review. This literature review confirmed previous notions that people with disabilities are receiving much fewer preventive services than the general population. The studies reviewed identified four major barriers that contributed to the lack of preventive care. These barriers included physical environment and system, transportation, provider knowledge and attitude, and financial. Recognition of the obstacles that this subpopulation faces in accessing preventive care services is the first step to effectively remedying this problem. Preventive services have been identified as one of the cornerstones to improving health and quality of life. By understanding the circumstances that restrict those with disabilities from accessing preventive services, NPs can provide meaningful and effective solutions. ©2017 American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

Applying Service-Oriented Architecture on The Development of Groundwater Modeling Support System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, C. Y.; WANG, Y.; Chang, L. C.; Tsai, J. P.; Hsiao, C. T.

2016-12-01

Groundwater simulation has become an essential step on the groundwater resources management and assessment. There are many stand-alone pre- and post-processing software packages to alleviate the model simulation loading, but the stand-alone software do not consider centralized management of data and simulation results neither do they provide network sharing functions. Hence, it is difficult to share and reuse the data and knowledge (simulation cases) systematically within or across companies. Therefore, this study develops a centralized and network based groundwater modeling support system to assist model construction. The system is based on service-oriented architecture and allows remote user to develop their modeling cases on internet. The data and cases (knowledge) are thus easy to manage centralized. MODFLOW is the modeling engine of the system, which is the most popular groundwater model in the world. The system provides a data warehouse to restore groundwater observations, MODFLOW Support Service, MODFLOW Input File & Shapefile Convert Service, MODFLOW Service, and Expert System Service to assist researchers to build models. Since the system architecture is service-oriented, it is scalable and flexible. The system can be easily extended to include the scenarios analysis and knowledge management to facilitate the reuse of groundwater modeling knowledge.

[Dietary training for school food service providers in support of the Acuerdo Nacional para la Salud Alimentaria].

PubMed

Muñoz-Dávila, Carolina; Rangel-Peniche, Diana Beatriz

2015-01-01

To address the problem of overweight and obesity in Mexico, in 2010 the Acuerdo Nacional para la Salud Alimentaria was published. At school level, food service providers were considered essential to comply with certain commitments. The goal of this intervention was to train school food service providers in school eating establishments (SEE) as to the criteria in the general guidelines for the sale and distribution of food in schools of basic education. 13 SEE in San Luis Potosi participated. Based on an initial diagnosis, a class-workshop of 5 sessions was designed. Knowledge regarding food was evaluated at the beginning and end of the sessions. The percentage of adherence regarding general hygiene and food preparation and distribution was obtained at the beginning, one month, and two months post-intervention. School food service providers had little knowledge on the objectives of the Acuerdo in food groups and combination, as well as reading labels; there were significant changes in the last two after intervention. The initial percentage of overall hygiene compliance was 60 %, with an increase of almost 20 % post-training. The preparation and distribution of food did not show significant changes. School food service providers acquired knowledge about the guidelines that a SEE comply with, without putting them into practice, given the economic impact that it implies.

Assessment of water supply as an ecosystem service in a rural-urban watershed in southwestern Mexico City.

PubMed

Jujnovsky, Julieta; González-Martínez, Teresa Margarita; Cantoral-Uriza, Enrique Arturo; Almeida-Leñero, Lucia

2012-03-01

Studies from the ecosystem services perspective can provide a useful framework because they allow us to fully examine the benefits that humans obtain from socio-ecological systems. Mexico City, the second largest city in the world, has faced severe problems related to water shortages, which have worsened due to increasing population. Demand for space has forced changes in land cover, including covering areas that are essential for groundwater recharge. The city has 880 km(2) of forest areas that are crucial for the water supply. The Magdalena River Watershed was chosen as a model because it is a well-preserved zone within Mexico City and it provides water for the population. The general aim of this study was to assess the ecosystem service of the water supply in the Magdalena River Watershed by determining its water balance (SWAT model) and the number of beneficiaries of the ecosystem services. The results showed that the watershed provides 18.4 hm(3) of water per year. Baseflow was dominant, with a contribution of 85%, while surface runoff only accounted for 15%. The zone provides drinking water to 78,476 inhabitants and could supply 153,203 potential beneficiaries. This work provides an example for understanding how ecosystem processes determine the provision of ecosystem services and benefits to the population in a rural-urban watershed in Mexico City.

Reflecting on Competences to Increase Role Clarity during Service Delivery in a Third World Setting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nansubuga, Florence; Munene, John C.

2013-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study is essentially to examine the contribution of reflection in providing a stronger association between explicit competences and role clarity when reflection is used as a means of articulating competences (knowledge, skills and attitudes). Design/methodology/approach: The study employed a correlational survey design…

Research and Development wildland fire and fuels accomplishments and outcomes

Treesearch

Matthew Rollins; Carlos Rodriguez-Franco; Tara Haan; Susan Conard

2017-01-01

The Research and Development (R&D) Wildland Fire and Fuels program at the Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, continues to be an internationally renowned program for generating critical and essential data, knowledge, and applications for all phases of wildland fire management and response. This report provides a primer on the...

The Effect of Pre-Service Teachers' Epistemological Beliefs on Teaching Approaches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tezci, Erdogan; Erdener, Mehmet Akif; Atici, Sitki

2016-01-01

At the beginning of last century, the curriculum based on constructivist approach which is the essential of education reforms has become a foundation to solution seeking. It is obvious that the researches in literature could not provide the desired achievement. Only the existence of programs that are based on student centered approaches are not…

Extending the Five-Foot Bookshelf: More Essential Books for Professionals Who Serve Teens.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenzweig, Susan

2000-01-01

Provides annotated bibliographies for five books that are recommended professional reading for librarians serving teens. Topics include American Indian stereotypes in the media; a leadership guide for school library media specialists; views of teens; how teens who are different are often outcasts; and tips for public library young adult services.…

The Challenges to Human Resources Development of Libraries in Times of Radical and Generational Changes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Muller, Uta

Librarianship has undergone a radical change in recent years, which will be continued in the future. Whereas previously the administration of media was most important, nowadays an ever increasing willingness to provide a service is required. In addition to the essential restructuring of libraries, a generational change is taking place within the…

"Bugs on Bugs": An Inquiry-Based, Collaborative Activity to Learn Arthropod & Microbial Biodiversity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lampert, Evan C.; Morgan, Jeanelle M.

2015-01-01

Diverse communities of arthropods and microbes provide humans with essential ecosystem goods and services. Arthropods are the most diverse and abundant macroscopic animals on the planet, and many remain to be discovered. Much less is known about microbial diversity, despite their importance as free-living species and as symbionts. We created…

Recovery dynamics and climate change effects to future New England forests

Treesearch

Matthew J. Duveneck; Jonathan R. Thompson; Eric J. Gustafson; Yu Liang; Arjan M. G. de Bruijn

2017-01-01

Context. Forests throughout eastern North America continue to recover from broad-scale intensive land use that peaked in the nineteenth century. These forests provide essential goods and services at local to global scales. It is uncertain how recovery dynamics, the processes by which forests respond to past forest land use, will continue to...

Employment Selections of Resident and Non-Resident Graduates of Physical Therapy Programs in Underserved Western States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swart, Kathryn D.

2011-01-01

Background and Purpose: Physical therapy (PT) is an essential component of the healthcare system in providing a comprehensive treatment plan for patients with functional limitations. The demand for physical therapy services is projected to expand in the next eight years, leading to an increased need for practicing physical therapists. The Mountain…

Crisis Preparedness: Leadership for IT Disaster Recovery. Backgrounder Brief. CoSN Essential Leadership Skills Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Consortium for School Networking (NJ1), 2006

2006-01-01

When there is the unexpected disaster of any kind, school personnel, students, parents and communities expect to rely on communication and critical services such as payroll and access to student information the district provides and therefore the technology that supports them. Disaster recovery of IT-related operations and information is critical…

The Development and Field Test of Employment Interview Questions Designed to Predict Special Education Teachers' Retention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vossler, Victoria L.

2010-01-01

The attrition of special education teachers greatly affects the quality of special education services districts can provide for students with disabilities and creates an ongoing challenge for educational leaders. It is essential to understand the factors influencing special education teachers' decisions to leave or remain in the field. If…

Assessing Learning of All Students: Becoming an Essential Service Provider Once Again.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elliot, Stephen N.

Virtually every educator espouses a model of human learning that has evolved from or has been influenced by the research of psychologists. It seems that psychological knowledge has and will continue to hold an indispensable place in American education. The question of importance is whether school psychologists can elevate their status from one of…

Developing Successful Collaborative Working Practices for Children with Speech and Language Difficulties: A Pilot Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paradice, Ruth; Bailey-Wood, Nicola; Davies, Kate; Solomon, Marion

2007-01-01

The importance of collaborative practice between those who provide services to children with special educational needs is now regarded as essential and is supported strongly by the UK government. However, joint working is often difficult to implement, despite the goodwill of all involved. This paper describes a pilot study aimed at developing…

Creating a Liveable City - Eco-services, Systems and Place

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamilton, R. J.; Dean, M.; Birtles, P. J.; Hore, J.; Dahlenburg, J.

2014-12-01

The use of an ecosystem service framework for natural resource management has gained increasing traction in the public sector. This is of especial interest in cities as residual ecosystems - typically located along creeks and estuaries, or remaining in scattered pockets throughout the urban area - offer some of the highest value social and economic returns per capita for the land area they occupy, yet are often impractical to manage from more traditional approaches to conservation. We posit that the well-being of humans and other species is the outcome of healthy, functioning ecosystems, and that, from a policy perspective, it is essential to consider services in this context. We arrange ecosystem services into three categories: life-enabling, life-sustaining and life-fulfilling, in a modification to the categories of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, and identify additional eco-services unique to urban areas. At local scale, these contribute to the well-being of city residents and positively affect quality of life, forming essential elements of urban liveability. However, dynamics of co-located built and natural environments challenge the capacity of ecosystems to function and provide their full suite of services. Using Sydney as an example, we outline a modular framework of socio-ecological systems and places to show how eco-services supporting liveability can be considered in conceptual and physical space. At a policy level, framing systems-based management objectives that protect, improve and re-discover desirable ecosystem services within the city (as opposed to further increasing the environmental footprint outside), will allow for unique, positive, socially-enabling outcomes for urban centres, in Australia, and globally.

Community participation in health service reform: the development of an innovative remote Aboriginal primary health-care service.

PubMed

Reeve, Carole; Humphreys, John; Wakerman, John; Carroll, Vicki; Carter, Maureen; O'Brien, Tim; Erlank, Carol; Mansour, Rafik; Smith, Bec

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe the reorientation of a remote primary health-care service, in the Kimberley region of Australia, its impact on access to services and the factors instrumental in bringing about change. A unique community-initiated health service partnership was developed between a community-controlled Aboriginal health organisation, a government hospital and a population health unit, in order to overcome the challenges of delivering primary health care to a dispersed, highly disadvantaged Aboriginal population in a very remote area. The shared goals and clear delineation of responsibilities achieved through the partnership reoriented an essentially acute hospital-based service to a prevention-focussed comprehensive primary health-care service, with a focus on systematic screening for chronic disease, interdisciplinary follow up, health promotion, community advocacy and primary prevention. This formal partnership enabled the primary health-care service to meet the major challenges of providing a sustainable, prevention-focussed service in a very remote and socially disadvantaged area.

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

[Nurse-Led Care Models in the Context of Community Elders With Chronic Disease Management: A Systematic Review].

PubMed

Hsieh, Pei-Lun; Chen, Ching-Min

2016-08-01

Longer average life expectancies have caused the rapid growth of the elderly as a percentage of Taiwan's population and, as a result of the number of elders with chronic diseases and disability. Providing continuing-care services in community settings for elderly with multiple chronic conditions has become an urgent need. To review the nurse-led care models that are currently practiced among elders with chronic disease in the community and to further examine the effectiveness and essential components of these models using a systematic review method. Twelve original articles on chronic disease-care planning for the elderly or on nurse-led care management interventions that were published between 2000 and 2015 in any of five electronic databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) Plus with Full Text, Cochrane Library, and CEPS (Chinese Electronic Periodicals Service）were selected and analyzed systematically. Four types of nurse-led community care models, including primary healthcare, secondary prevention care, cross-boundary models, and case management, were identified. Chronic disease-care planning, case management, and disease self-management were found to be the essential components of the services that were provided. The care models used systematic processes to conduct assessment, planning, implementation, coordination, and follow-up activities as well as to deliver services and to evaluate disease status. The results revealed that providing continuing-care services through the nurse-led community chronic disease-care model and cross-boundary model enhanced the ability of the elderly to self-manage their chronic diseases, improved healthcare referrals, provided holistic care, and maximized resource utilization efficacy. The present study cross-referenced all reviewed articles in terms of target clients, content, intervention, measurements, and outcome indicators. Study results may be referenced in future implementations of nurse-led community care models as well as in future research.

Guide to Cybersecurity, Resilience, and Reliability for Small and Under-Resourced Utilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ingram, Michael; Martin, Maurice

Small electricity utilities -- those with less than 100 employees or 50,000 meters -- provide essential services to large parts of the United States while facing a number of challenges unique to their mission. For instance, they often serve areas that are sparsely populated, meaning that their per-customer cost to provide service is higher. At the same time, they often serve customers that have moderate or fixed incomes, meaning that they are under strong pressure to keep costs down. This pressure puts them on a strict budget and creates a need for innovative solutions to common problems. Further, their servicemore » areas may include extreme climates, making severe weather events more frequent and their aftermaths more expensive to address. This guide considers challenges that small utilities face while ensuring the reliability, resilience, and cybersecurity of their electric service; approaches to address those challenges using existing guidance documents; ways that the federal government could provide support in these areas.« less

Satellite Servicing's Autonomous Rendezvous and Docking Testbed on the International Space Station

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Naasz, Bo J.; Strube, Matthew; Van Eepoel, John; Barbee, Brent W.; Getzandanner, Kenneth M.

2011-01-01

The Space Servicing Capabilities Project (SSCP) at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has been tasked with developing systems for servicing space assets. Starting in 2009, the SSCP completed a study documenting potential customers and the business case for servicing, as well as defining several notional missions and required technologies. In 2010, SSCP moved to the implementation stage by completing several ground demonstrations and commencing development of two International Space Station (ISS) payloads-the Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM) and the Dextre Pointing Package (DPP)--to mitigate new technology risks for a robotic mission to service existing assets in geosynchronous orbit. This paper introduces the DPP, scheduled to fly in July of 2012 on the third operational SpaceX Dragon mission, and its Autonomous Rendezvous and Docking (AR&D) instruments. The combination of sensors and advanced avionics provide valuable on-orbit demonstrations of essential technologies for servicing existing vehicles, both cooperative and non-cooperative.

14 CFR 272.2 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.2 Applicability. This part establishes the provisions applicable to the Department's guarantee of essential air service to places in the...

How NASA's Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) is operationally using the Esri ArcGIS Platform to improve data discoverability, accessibility and interoperability to meet the diversifying government, private, public and academic communities' driven requirements.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tisdale, M.

2016-12-01

NASA's Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) is operationally using the Esri ArcGIS Platform to improve data discoverability, accessibility and interoperability to meet the diversifying government, private, public and academic communities' driven requirements. The ASDC is actively working to provide their mission essential datasets as ArcGIS Image Services, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Mapping Services (WMS), OGC Web Coverage Services (WCS) and leveraging the ArcGIS multidimensional mosaic dataset structure. Science teams and ASDC are utilizing these services, developing applications using the Web AppBuilder for ArcGIS and ArcGIS API for Javascript, and evaluating restructuring their data production and access scripts within the ArcGIS Python Toolbox framework and Geoprocessing service environment. These capabilities yield a greater usage and exposure of ASDC data holdings and provide improved geospatial analytical tools for a mission critical understanding in the areas of the earth's radiation budget, clouds, aerosols, and tropospheric chemistry.

The organization and delivery of family planning services in community health centers.

PubMed

Goldberg, Debora Goetz; Wood, Susan F; Johnson, Kay; Mead, Katherine Holly; Beeson, Tishra; Lewis, Julie; Rosenbaum, Sara

2015-01-01

Family planning and related reproductive health services are essential primary care services for women. Access is limited for women with low incomes and those living in medically underserved areas. Little information is available on how federally funded health centers organize and provide family planning services. This was a mixed methods study of the organization and delivery of family planning services in federally funded health centers across the United States. A national survey was developed and administered (n = 423) and in-depth case studies were conducted of nine health centers to obtain detailed information on their approach to family planning. Study findings indicate that health centers utilize a variety of organizational models and staffing arrangements to deliver family planning services. Health centers' family planning offerings are organized in one of two ways, either a separate service with specific providers and clinic times or fully integrated with primary care. Health centers experience difficulties in providing a full range of family planning services. Major challenges include funding limitations; hiring obstetricians/gynecologists, counselors, and advanced practice clinicians; and connecting patients to specialized services not offered by the health center. Health centers play an integral role in delivering primary care and family planning services to women in medically underserved communities. Improving the accessibility and comprehensiveness of family planning services will require a combination of additional direct funding, technical assistance, and policies that emphasize how health centers can incorporate quality family planning as a fundamental element of primary care. Copyright © 2015 Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

International GPS Service for Geodynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zumberge, J. F. (Editor); Urban, M. P. (Editor); Liu, R. (Editor); Neilan, R. E. (Editor)

1996-01-01

This 1995 annual report of the IGS International GPS (Global Positioning System) Service for Geodynamics - describes the second operational year of the service. It provides the many IGS contributing agencies and the rapidly growing user community with essential information on current organizational and technical matters promoting the IGS standards and products (including organizational framework, data processing strategies, and statistics showing the remarkable expansion of the GPS monitoring network, the improvement of IGS performance, and product quality). It also introduces important practical concepts for network densification by integration of regional stations and the combination of station coordinate solutions. There are groups of articles describing general aspects of the IGS, the Associate Analysis Centers (AACs), Data Centers, and IGS stations.

Mentoring in health services management: reflections on an evolving training ground.

PubMed

Sherrill, Windsor Westbrook; Westerman, John; Howell, R Edward; Saul, Thomas P; Lowe, John M

2012-01-01

Since the University of Chicago Health Management program was first initiated in 1932, programs and health delivery organizations have dealt with the issue of how to best provide a meaningful transition from academia to entry-level management. Today, new challenges face the same old questions: New federal legislation and increased demand for a finite supply of services cause increased revenue and expense pressures and result in the need for a higher performance level by a well-coordinated management team. In addressing these challenges, mentoring is an essential requirement for survival and success in health services. The long-term success of future practitioners will require both an understanding and incorporation of mentoring in their skill set. The University of Virginia Medical Center recently sponsored a health management education summit to examine the role of mentoring in health services administration education. Leading the program were John Westerman, former interim president of Association of University Programs in Healthcare Administration and chief executive officer emeritus of the University of Minnesota Health System, and R. Edward Howell, chief executive officer of the University of Virginia Medical Center. Summit participants included individuals who had completed administrative fellowship training programs. What follows is a review of the discussions during the summit, including a valuation of the health services fellowship as a learning experience as well as structure and essential elements of administrative mentoring programs.

Exploring the effectiveness of the output-based aid voucher program to increase uptake of gender-based violence recovery services in Kenya: A qualitative evaluation

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background Few studies in Africa have explored in detail the ability of output-based aid (OBA) voucher programs to increase access to gender-based violence recovery (GBVR) services. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in 2010 and involved: (i) in-depth interviews (IDIs) with health managers, service providers, voucher management agency (VMA) managers and (ii) focus group discussions (FGDs) with voucher users, voucher non-users, voucher distributors and opinion leaders drawn from five program sites in Kenya. Results The findings showed promising prospects for the uptake of OBA GBVR services among target population. However, a number of factors affect the uptake of the services. These include lack of general awareness of the GBVR services vouchers, lack of understanding of the benefit package, immediate financial needs of survivors, as well as stigma and cultural beliefs that undermine reporting of cases or seeking essential medical services. Moreover, accreditation of only hospitals to offer GBVR services undermines access to the services in rural areas. Poor responsiveness from law enforcement agencies and fear of reprisal from perpetrators also undermine treatment options and access to medical services. Low provider knowledge on GBVR services and lack of supplies also affect effective provision and management of GBVR services. Conclusions The above findings suggest that there is a need to build the capacity of health care providers and police officers, strengthen the community strategy component of the OBA program to promote the GBVR services voucher, and conduct widespread community education programs aimed at prevention, ensuring survivors know how and where to access services and addressing stigma and cultural barriers. PMID:22691436

Complaints against health-care professionals providing police custodial and forensic medical/health-care services and sexual offence examiner services in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

PubMed

Kennedy, Kieran M; Green, Peter G; Payne-James, J Jason

2017-01-01

Complaints management is an integral component of good clinical governance and an essential contributor to patient safety. Little is known about complaints against health-care professionals (HCPs) in police custodial settings and sexual assault referral centres. This study explored the frequency with which complaints are made against such HCPs working in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It explored the nature of those complaints and the procedures by which they are investigated. Relevant information was requested from all police services in England, Wales and Northern Ireland; professional regulatory bodies; and the Independent Police Complaints Commission under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Eighty-nine per cent of police services responded to the FOIA request. However, only a minority of these provided detailed information. Many police services cited the provision of health-care services by external providers as the reason for not holding information upon complaints. There was no evidence of any upward trend in the numbers of complaints over the study period. Delayed response to a request for attendance, incivility, medication issues and issues regarding the quality of reports and evidence were amongst the most common types of complaints described. A small number of responders provided copies of the disciplinary procedures used to manage complaints against HCPs. Significant heterogeneity exists in respect of complaints handling procedures across custodial and forensic medical/health-care services and sexual offence examiner services. An opportunity to identify learning for improvement is being missed as a result of the absence of standardised complaints handling procedures.

Continuing education in physical rehabilitation and health issues of agricultural workers.

PubMed

Wilhite, Carla S; Jaco, Linda

2014-01-01

Limited attention has been devoted to the cultural and practice competencies needed by occupational therapy and physical therapy professionals who provide services to farming families impacted by chronic health or disability issues. Agricultural occupational safety and health should represent a continuum of services responsive to individuals, families, and agricultural communities across a life span and range of health status changes. Physical rehabilitation professionals have a key role in impacting an agricultural producer's sense of self-efficacy and capacities for returning to agricultural living and work. However, demonstration of competency is essential in providing person-centered rehabilitation services of assessment, evaluation, treatment planning, interventions, referrals, and discharge issues. The paper highlights methods utilized by a state AgrAbility program and a former National AgrAbility Project to develop a model of continuing education programming for occupational and physical therapists that evaluate and treat agricultural workers after acute injury or exacerbation of chronic health conditions.

Partnering with mental health providers: a guide for services researchers.

PubMed

Frounfelker, Rochelle L; Ben-Zeev, Dror; Kaiser, Susan M; O'Neill, Sheila; Reedy, William; Drake, Robert E

2012-10-01

There is a 20-year delay between the development of effective interventions for individuals with severe mental illness and widespread adoption in public mental health care settings. Academic-provider collaborations can shorten this gap, but establishing and maintaining partnerships entail significant challenges. This paper identifies potential barriers to academic-provider research collaborations and provides guidelines to overcome these obstacles. Authors from an academic institution and community mental health organization outline the components of their long-standing partnership, and discuss the lessons learned that were instrumental in establishing the collaborative model. Results Realistic resource allocation and training, a thorough understanding of the service model and consumer characteristics, systemic and bidirectional communication and concrete plans for post-project continuation are necessary at all project phases. A shared decision-making framework is essential for effective academic institution and community mental health agency collaborations and can facilitate long-term sustainability of novel interventions.

Consultant-based otolaryngology emergency service: a five-year experience.

PubMed

Barnes, M L; Hussain, S S M

2011-12-01

To present our experience of running a consultant-based otolaryngology emergency care service for more than five years. In 2003, we developed a system of consultant-based emergency service: consultants spent a week on-call providing a dedicated emergency service, with routine commitments cancelled. Our new system had advantages over traditional working practices in terms of consultant involvement, trainee education, continuity and efficiency. It also reduced disruption to elective commitments for both consultants and registrars. This system was fundamental to the successful review of all urgent (and in future elective) cases within target periods. Only 31 per cent of new referrals to the consultant emergency clinics required a further appointment. Good teamwork and flexibility in working arrangements have been essential to the success of this service. Given that health service changes have reduced junior trainee working hours and numbers, and that patients increasingly expect to be treated by trained doctors, our new consultant-based emergency service has merit. Although implementation in other units may differ, we recommend this new service, for the above reasons.

14 CFR 272.12 - Termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Aeronautics and Space OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (AVIATION PROCEEDINGS) ECONOMIC REGULATIONS ESSENTIAL AIR SERVICE TO THE FREELY ASSOCIATED STATES § 272.12 Termination. These provisions shall terminate on October 1, 1998, unless the program of essential air service to the Federated States of...

Characterizing and Mapping of Ecosystem Services (CMESs) Literature Database Version 1.0

EPA Science Inventory

Ecosystem services (ESs) represent an ecosystem’s capacity for satisfying essential human needs, directly or indirectly, above that required to maintain ecosystem integrity (structure, function and processes). The spatial characterization and mapping of ESs is an essential first ...

Evaluation, in three provinces, of the introduction and impact of China’s National Essential Medicines Scheme

PubMed Central

Li, Yang; Sufang, Guo; Brant, Philippa; Bin, Li; Hipgrave, David

2013-01-01

Abstract Objective To evaluate implementation of the National Essential Medicines Scheme (NEMS) in rural China. Methods Two rural counties/districts in each of three provinces where NEMS had been implemented were surveyed. Information was collected from NEMS staff at the province, county/district, township and village levels; patients with chronic disease were also interviewed. Service provision, finances, prescriptions, inpatient records and the expenditures of patients with certain diagnoses were investigated in township hospitals and village clinics. The results were compared with the corresponding data recorded before NEMS was introduced. Findings Following the introduction of NEMS, drug procurement in each study location was systematized. Total drug costs declined. This, and improved prescribing, reduced the costs of outpatient and inpatient care and led, apparently, to increased uptake of health services. However, the prices of some drugs had increased and the availability of others had declined. The compensation of health-care providers for NEMS-related reductions in their incomes had been largely ineffective. As a result of the introduction of NEMS, health facilities relied more on public financing. Many health-care providers complained about higher workloads and lower incomes. Conclusion Although it was well conceived, the introduction of NEMS into China’s decentralized, fee-for-service system of health care has not been straightforward. It has highlighted the problems associated with attempts to modernize health care and health financing for patients’ benefit. Sustainable mechanisms to compensate health-care providers for lost income are needed to ensure that NEMS is a success. PMID:23476091

Apple Pollination: Demand Depends on Variety and Supply Depends on Pollinator Identity

PubMed Central

Garratt, M. P. D.; Breeze, T. D.; Boreux, V.; Coston, D. J.; Jenner, N.; Dean, R.; Westbury, D. B.; Biesmeijer, J. C.; Potts, S. G.

2016-01-01

Insect pollination underpins apple production but the extent to which different pollinator guilds supply this service, particularly across different apple varieties, is unknown. Such information is essential if appropriate orchard management practices are to be targeted and proportional to the potential benefits pollinator species may provide. Here we use a novel combination of pollinator effectiveness assays (floral visit effectiveness), orchard field surveys (flower visitation rate) and pollinator dependence manipulations (pollinator exclusion experiments) to quantify the supply of pollination services provided by four different pollinator guilds to the production of four commercial varieties of apple. We show that not all pollinators are equally effective at pollinating apples, with hoverflies being less effective than solitary bees and bumblebees, and the relative abundance of different pollinator guilds visiting apple flowers of different varieties varies significantly. Based on this, the taxa specific economic benefits to UK apple production have been established. The contribution of insect pollinators to the economic output in all varieties was estimated to be £92.1M across the UK, with contributions varying widely across taxa: solitary bees (£51.4M), honeybees (£21.4M), bumblebees (£18.6M) and hoverflies (£0.7M). This research highlights the differences in the economic benefits of four insect pollinator guilds to four major apple varieties in the UK. This information is essential to underpin appropriate investment in pollination services management and provides a model that can be used in other entomolophilous crops to improve our understanding of crop pollination ecology. PMID:27152628

Apple Pollination: Demand Depends on Variety and Supply Depends on Pollinator Identity.

PubMed

Garratt, M P D; Breeze, T D; Boreux, V; Fountain, M T; McKerchar, M; Webber, S M; Coston, D J; Jenner, N; Dean, R; Westbury, D B; Biesmeijer, J C; Potts, S G

2016-01-01

Insect pollination underpins apple production but the extent to which different pollinator guilds supply this service, particularly across different apple varieties, is unknown. Such information is essential if appropriate orchard management practices are to be targeted and proportional to the potential benefits pollinator species may provide. Here we use a novel combination of pollinator effectiveness assays (floral visit effectiveness), orchard field surveys (flower visitation rate) and pollinator dependence manipulations (pollinator exclusion experiments) to quantify the supply of pollination services provided by four different pollinator guilds to the production of four commercial varieties of apple. We show that not all pollinators are equally effective at pollinating apples, with hoverflies being less effective than solitary bees and bumblebees, and the relative abundance of different pollinator guilds visiting apple flowers of different varieties varies significantly. Based on this, the taxa specific economic benefits to UK apple production have been established. The contribution of insect pollinators to the economic output in all varieties was estimated to be £92.1M across the UK, with contributions varying widely across taxa: solitary bees (£51.4M), honeybees (£21.4M), bumblebees (£18.6M) and hoverflies (£0.7M). This research highlights the differences in the economic benefits of four insect pollinator guilds to four major apple varieties in the UK. This information is essential to underpin appropriate investment in pollination services management and provides a model that can be used in other entomolophilous crops to improve our understanding of crop pollination ecology.

Clinical handover practices in maternity services in Ireland: A qualitative descriptive study.

PubMed

Fealy, Gerard; Munroe, Deirdre; Riordan, Fiona; Croke, Eilish; Conroy, Celine; McNamara, Martin; Shannon, Michael

2016-08-01

the objective was to examine and describe clinical handover practices in Irish maternity services. the study design incorporated interviews and focus group discussions with a purposive sample of healthcare practitioners working in Irish maternity services. five maternity hospitals and fourteen co-located maternity units. midwives, obstetricians and other healthcare professionals, specifically physiotherapists and radiologists, midwifery students and health care assistants working in maternity services. the study participants provided nuanced and differentiated accounts of clinical handover practices, which indicated a general absence of formal policy and training on clinical handover and the practice of midwifery and medical teams holding separate clinical handovers based on their separate, respective needs for transferring information and clinical responsibility. Participants spoke of barriers to effective clinical handover, including unsuitable environments, lack of dedicated time and fatigue during duty shift clinical handover, lack of supportive information technology (IT) infrastructure, and resistance of some staff to the adoption of new technologies to support clinical handover. whether internal and external to clinical handover events, the barriers to effective clinical handover represent threats to patient safety and quality of care, since effective clinical handover is essential to the provision of safe quality care. clear and effective communication between collaborating professionals within maternity teams is essential. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Functional seismic evaluation of hospitals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guevara, L. T.

2003-04-01

Functional collapse of hospitals (FCH) occurs when a medical complex, or part of it, although with neither structural nor nonstructural damage, is unable to provide required services for immediate attention to earthquake victims and for the recovery of the affected community. As it is known, FCH during and after an earthquake, is produced, not only by the damage to nonstructural components, but by an inappropriate or deficient distribution of essential and supporting medical spaces. This paper presents some conclusions on the analysis of the traditional architectural schemes for the design and construction of hospitals in the 20th Century and some recommendations for the establishment of evaluation parameters for the remodeling and seismic upgrade of existing hospitals in seismic zones based on the new concepts of: a) the relative location of each essential service (ES) into the medical complex, b) the capacity of each of these spaces for housing temporary activities required for the attention of a massive emergency (ME); c) the relationship between ES and the supporting services (SS); d) the flexibility of transformation of nonessential services into complementary spaces for the attention of extraordinary number of victims; e) the dimensions and appropriateness of evacuation routes; and d) the appropriate supply and maintenance of water, electricity and vital gases emergency installations.

Utilisation patterns and cost of hospital care for people living with HIV in Ireland in 2012: a single-centre study.

PubMed

Brennan, Aline; Horgan, Mary; Jackson, Arthur; Browne, John P; Bergin, Colm J

2017-03-01

Data on the pattern and cost of health service use by HIV patients are required for evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of new drugs and technologies as well as being essential for service planning. The aim of this study was to identify the utilisation patterns and cost of hospital care for HIV patients in a single centre in Ireland in 2012. Data on the frequency and non-drug costs of all hospital resources used by HIV patients were extracted from a hospital activity-based costing system. Cost data were analysed using a generalised linear model. A total of 328 patients, 3672 patient months, were included in this study. Patients had a mean of 4.4 scheduled infectious disease outpatient appointments per patient year; 37% of patients also used another outpatient service, 15% in-patient services, 4% day-case service and 18% emergency department services in 2012. Patients with very advanced HIV disease continue to incur a disproportionate amount of the total cost of providing care. This study provides baseline utilisation and cost data for use of both infectious-disease and non-infectious disease hospital services and will be useful for service planning in light of the likely increases in resource demands.

In for the Long Haul: Knowledge Translation Between Academic and Nonprofit Organizations

PubMed Central

Jansson, S. Mikael; Benoit, Cecilia; Casey, Lauren; Phillips, Rachel; Burns, David

2015-01-01

Although scientists are continually refining existing knowledge and producing new evidence to improve health care and health care delivery, far too little scientific output finds its way into the tool kits of practitioners. Likewise, the questions that clinicians would like to be answered all too rarely get taken up by researchers. In this article we focus on knowledge translation challenges accompanying a longitudinal research program with nonprofit organizations providing direct and indirect health and social services to disadvantaged groups in one region of Canada. Three essential factors influencing authentic and reciprocal knowledge transfer and utilization between nonprofit service providers and researchers are discussed: strong institutional partnerships, the use of skilled knowledge brokers, and the meaningful involvement of frontline personnel. PMID:19801416

Capacity building of skilled birth attendants: a review of pre-service education curricula.

PubMed

Adegoke, Adetoro A; Mani, Safiyanu; Abubakar, Aisha; van den Broek, Nynke

2013-07-01

to assess the level, type and content of pre-service education curricula of health workers providing maternity services against the ICM global standards for Midwifery Education and Essential competencies for midwifery practice. We reviewed the quality and relevance of pre-service education curricula of four cadres of health-care providers of maternity care in Northern Nigeria. we adapted and used the ICM global standards for Midwifery Education and Essential competencies for midwifery practice to design a framework of criteria against which we assessed curricula for pre-service training. We reviewed the pre-service curricula for Nurses, Midwives, Community Health Extension Workers (CHEW) and Junior Community Health Extension Workers (JCHEW) in three states. Criteria against which the curricula were evaluated include: minimum entry requirement, the length of the programme, theory: practice ratio, curriculum model, minimum number of births conducted during training, clinical experience, competencies, maximum number of students allowable and proportion of Maternal, Newborn and Child Health components (MNCH) as part of the total curriculum. four pre-service education programmes were reviewed; the 3 year basic midwifery, 3 year basic nursing, 3 year Community Health Extension Worker (CHEW) and 2 year Junior Community Health Extension Worker (JCHEW) programme. Findings showed that, none of these four training curricula met all the standards. The basic midwifery curriculum most closely met the standards and competencies set out. The nursing curriculum showed a strong focus on foundations of nursing practice, theories of nursing, public health and maternal newborn and child health. This includes well-defined modules on family health which are undertaken from the first year to the third year of the programme. The CHEW and JCHEW curricula are currently inadequate with regard to training health-care workers to be skilled birth attendants. although the midwifery curriculum most closely reflects the ICM global standards for Midwifery Education and Essential competencies for midwifery practice, a revision of the competencies and content is required especially as it relates to the first year of training. There is an urgent need to modify the JCHEW and CHEW curricula by increasing the content and clinical hands-on experience of MNCH components of the curricula. Without effecting these changes, it is doubtful that graduates of the CHEW and JCHEW programmes have the requisite competencies needed to function adequately as skilled birth attendants in Health Centres, PHCs and MCHs, without direct supervision of a midwife or medical doctor with midwifery skills. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Position paper: improving governance for effective veterinary services in developing countries--a priority for donor funding.

PubMed

Forman, S; Plante, C; Murray, G; Rey, B; Belton, D; Evans, B; Steinmetz, P

2012-08-01

Livestock contributes significantly to the world economy. However, animal diseases and food safety are still major constraints on livestock-sector productivity, economic growth, the reduction of poverty and food security. Efficient and effective governance of Veterinary Services throughout the world is a fundamental requirement for addressing the global animal health and related public health threats. Recent work by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) through the application of the Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS Tool) and related Gap Analysis (both of which form part of the PVS Pathway) has indicated that a significant proportion of the national Veterinary Services worldwide do not meet the essential requirements for good governance. This shortcoming poses a significant risk for many developing countries and their trading partners when considered in the context of the growing trade in animal-source foods, and the burgeoning global livestock population. Well-managed, transparent and credible Veterinary Services, in both the public and private sector, are essential for mitigating animal disease risks and ensuring sustainable incomes for vulnerable producers. They are also vital for limiting the public health risks posed by zoonotic diseases. This paper is intended to highlight the impact of governance on the delivery of veterinary services in a development context and the benefits generated by improving veterinary governance. It recognises 'global public good' elements embedded in the good governance of Veterinary Services, and it could also provide an operational development investment roadmap that builds on the OIE PVS Pathway, and innovative financing options based on government commitments supported by donor programmes.

Telerehabilitation Technologies: Accessibility and Usability

PubMed Central

Pramuka, Michael; van Roosmalen, Linda

2009-01-01

In the fields of telehealth and telemedicine, phone and/or video technologies are key to the successful provision of services such as remote monitoring and visits. How do these technologies affect service accessibility, effectiveness, quality, and usefulness when applied to rehabilitation services in the field of telerehabilitation? To answer this question, we provide a overview of the complex network of available technologies and discuss how they link to rehabilitation applications, services, and practices as well as to the telerehabilitation end-user. This white paper will first present the numerous professional considerations that shape the use of technology in telerehabilitation service and set it somewhat apart from telemedicine. It will then provide an overview of concepts essential to usability analysis; present a summary of various telerehabilitation technologies and their strengths and limitations, and consider how the technologies interface with end users’ clinical needs for service accessibility, effectiveness, quality, and usefulness. The paper will highlight a conceptual framework (including task analyses and usability issues) that underlies a functional match between telerehabilitation technologies, clinical applications, and end-user capabilities for telerehabilitation purposes. Finally, we will discuss pragmatic issues related to user integration of telerehabilitation technology versus traditional face-to-face approaches. PMID:25945165

Inpatient Dialysis Unit Project Development: Redesigning Acute Hemodialysis Care.

PubMed

Day, Jennifer

2017-01-01

Executive leaders of an acute care hospital performed a market and financial analysis, and created a business plan to establish an inpatient hemodialysis unit operated by the hospital to provide safe, high-quality, evidence-based care to the population of individuals experiencing end stage renal disease (ESRD) within the community. The business plan included a SWOT (Strengths - Weaknesses - Opportunities - Threats) analysis to assess advantages of the hospital providing inpatient hemodialysis services versus outsourcing the services with a contracted agency. The results of the project were a newly constructed tandem hemodialysis room and an operational plan with clearly defined key performance indicators, process improvement initiatives, and financial goals. This article provides an overview of essential components of a business plan to guide the establishment of an inpatient hemodialysis unit. Copyright© by the American Nephrology Nurses Association.

Maine: 2002 Economic Census. Educational Services, Geographic Area Series. EC02-61A-ME.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Department of Commerce, 2005

2005-01-01

The economic census is the major source of facts about the structure and functioning of the nation's economy. It provides essential information for government, business, industry, and the general public. Title 13 of the United States Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the Census Bureau to take the economic census every 5 years, covering…

Global Positioning System : significant challenges in sustaining and upgrading widely used capabilities : report to the Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-04-01

The Global Positioning System (GPS), which provides positioning, navigation, and timing data to users worldwide, has become essential to U.S. national security and a key tool in an expanding array of public service and commercial applications at home...

Dune Management Challenges on Developed Coasts

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-10-01

provide essential ecosys- tem services, including habitat for en- dangered species such as piping plovers, sites of high tourism value, groundwater...maintaining the physical environment’s ability to support urban, commercial, and tourism uses, can lead to management approaches which do not...Beach nourishment and restoration is also valued by many stakeholders who recognize that tourism can decline where beach widths have decreased

A Study of Novice Teachers: Challenges and Supports in the First Years

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fantilli, Robert D.; McDougall, Douglas E.

2009-01-01

In recent years, it has been reported that an alarming number of teachers are leaving the profession in the first three years after graduation from a pre-service program. This phenomenon is common in North America and it is essential that educators identify the challenges surrounding new teachers and provide supports to assist them. The vast…

Forest inventory and analysis in the United States: remote sensing and geospatial activities

Treesearch

Mark Nelson; Gretchen Moisen; Mark Finco

2007-01-01

Our Nation's forests provide a wealth of ecological, social, and economic resources. These forest lands cover over 300 million hectares of the United States, or about one third of the total land area. Accurate and timely information about them is essential to their wise management and use. The mission of the Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA...

Forest Inventory and Analysis in the United States: Remote sensing and geospatial activities

Treesearch

Mark Nelson; Gretchen Moisen; Mark Finco

2007-01-01

Our Nation's forests provide a wealth of ecological, social, and economic resources. These forest lands cover over 300 million hectares of the United States, or about one third of the total land area. Accurate and timely information about them is essential to their wise management and use. The mission of the Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA...

Seeing the Bigger Picture: Investigating the State of the Arts in Teacher Education Programs in Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barton, Georgina; Baguley, Margaret; MacDonald, Abbey

2013-01-01

There is extensive research that shows how the arts provide many benefits for all students yet there is evidence that arts education offerings and experiences are decreasing across both university and school sectors. It is important that we recognize the essential role of teacher educators in preparing pre-service teachers to be aware of the…

10 CFR 216.4 - Evaluation by DOE of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL MATERIALS ALLOCATION AND PRIORITY PERFORMANCE UNDER CONTRACTS OR ORDERS... described supplies of materials and equipment, services, or facilities are critical and essential to the... and equipment, services, or facilities described in the application are critical and essential to an...

10 CFR 216.4 - Evaluation by DOE of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL MATERIALS ALLOCATION AND PRIORITY PERFORMANCE UNDER CONTRACTS OR ORDERS... described supplies of materials and equipment, services, or facilities are critical and essential to the... and equipment, services, or facilities described in the application are critical and essential to an...

10 CFR 216.4 - Evaluation by DOE of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL MATERIALS ALLOCATION AND PRIORITY PERFORMANCE UNDER CONTRACTS OR ORDERS... described supplies of materials and equipment, services, or facilities are critical and essential to the... and equipment, services, or facilities described in the application are critical and essential to an...

10 CFR 216.4 - Evaluation by DOE of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL MATERIALS ALLOCATION AND PRIORITY PERFORMANCE UNDER CONTRACTS OR ORDERS... described supplies of materials and equipment, services, or facilities are critical and essential to the... and equipment, services, or facilities described in the application are critical and essential to an...

10 CFR 216.4 - Evaluation by DOE of applications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Energy DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OIL MATERIALS ALLOCATION AND PRIORITY PERFORMANCE UNDER CONTRACTS OR ORDERS... described supplies of materials and equipment, services, or facilities are critical and essential to the... and equipment, services, or facilities described in the application are critical and essential to an...